The Sun.
London, England, 1841-08-16 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY, AUGUST 16, 18-11.

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITU-
TION, REGENT-STREET.
FIRST EXHIBITION of, and LECTURE ON, BAIV'S
ELECTRO-MAGNETIC PRINTING TELEGRAPH, by
means of which a Banker in London can write a Letter in the
Office of a Correspondent in Edinburgh ; the_Letter, with its
answer, can be conveyed the 800 miles in a very few minutes.
SIXTY PATENTED ELEC TRICCLOCKS, by BAR-
WISE and BAIN ; MOINAU'S PATENTED CLOCKS;
CARY'S ORRERY, and the NEW DISSOLVING VIEWS,
to which a magnificent Fire Scene has been added.
PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS, nearly Two Thou-
sand Works which display eminent art, science, and ingenuity.
The Microscope, Diver and Diving Bell, Popular Lectures,
and beautiful Experiments.
CANTON, and other beautiful COSMORAMIC VIEWS,
are added to the Evening Exhibition.
Opens at Half-past Ten o'clock in the Morning, and seven
o'clock in the Evening.
Admission, One Shilling.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM FMK MORNING PAPIRS OF THIN DAY.
' CHRONICLE.—It has been said that the Tories will
discuss nothing till February. It might be very conve-
nient to Sir Robert Peel to have no discussion till Febru-
ary, but we do not see how a discussion can possibly be
avoided. Why was the late Parliament dissolved ?
That the sense of the nation might be taken on the
Budget. And how are we to ascertain the sense of the
nation ? Clearly in Parliament alone. It is not a majo-
rity on this or that which will do—it must be a majority
on the question which led -to the dissolution.—
Lord John Russell, in his address to the elector;
of London, declared, " a; soon as the new Parlia-
ment meets, we shall take the first opportunity of
asking for a clear and decided judgment upon the
policy we have pursued." If Minister; have _come
to this determination, it is not in the power of the Tories
to avoid a disciissim. They may, indeed, avoid a dis-
cussion till February, by postponing their intention to
attempt to obtain the Government till February; but in
no other conceivable way. No—a discussion there must
be, and a division, and the names of those who decide
for or against the Ministerial measures must be placed
before the country. The majority of Sir Robert Peel
against the Ministerial measures will be a memorable
majority. The country will have an eye on every man
of them. Between this time and February many
thousands will have fallen victims to the privations im-
posed by the corn monopoly on the industrious classes
of this.country. ,We are about to realize a sad expe-
rience of the working of that law. With the certainty
of a late harvest and exhausted stocks, and the prospect
of a deficient crop, the working of the Corn-law prevents
our obtaining e-tipplies. The -sto.r!ing --manufacturers.
thrown-out 'of aIV ergplyeaeut; or onlfpartially employed,
know what that means. But it will be consolatory to
know the names of those to whom they are indebted for

PARISH of ST. GEORGE, HANOVER-
SQUARE.—To BUTCHERS, MEALMEN, Cheese-
mongers, Cornchandlers, Grocers, Milkmen, Potatoe-dealers,
Oil and Tallow-chandlers, Wine and Spirit-Inerchants, Colour-
men, and Coffin-makers.—Such Persons as are willing to
CONTRACT with the GOVERNORS and DIRECTORS of
the Poor of the said PARISH, fcr SUPPLYING the WORK-
HOUSES for Six Months, from the 29th day of September,
1841, to the 25th day of March, 1842, may deliver in their
sealed Proposals at the Board-room, in Mount-street, on or
before Nine o'Clock on WEDNESDAY, the 22d day of Septem-
ber next.
Persons tendering are desired to be in attendance, and to
take notice that all offers must be made upon, and strictly in
accordance with, the printed form of tender, which may be
obtained on application to the Master of the Workhouse, in
Mount-street, as well as any further particulars.
By order, T.-B. CHAPPELL, Vestry-Clerk.

NOTICE TO COMMERCIAL TRAVELLERS.
IVINFIELD, late SHEWRING'S, COM-
MERCIAL HOUSE, 2, REDCLIFF-HILL,
BRISTOL. The situation is central and convenient, with
every comfort and accommodation. Excellent show-rooms.
Omnibuses every hour to the Railway Station. Good
stabling close at hand.

the continuance of this policy.
POST.—Nothing is so likely to promote the worth
and dignity of this nation, and very greatly to further
and increase even the temporal happiness of all classes
of the people, as a restoration of the influence of the
Church of England. The people require a- more inti-
mate and more affectionate paternal care than (except in
some few favoured spots) they have over them at pre-
sent, and we see nothing so likely to afford this as the
Church. The people are greatly in want of duly quali-
fied persons to guide and comfort them, and we see no
mode of providing this guidance and comforting which
can be reasonably considered so safe, so just, and withal
so practicable, as a restoration of Church influence, in
order that every man may have, what the inhabitants of
some small country parishes have already, a sober, dis-
creet, well-educated, religious friend, to rejoice with him
when be rejoices, mourn with him when he mourns,
strengthen him in the hour of his distress, teach him pru•
donee in the time of his prosperity, and, above all, keep
him ever affectionately in mind of the last great account.
Not only is something of this sort desirable as an im-
provement, but the want of it makes our present state of
society absolutely dangerous, and awful to contemplate.
HERALD.— The Ministerial press, not content with

inciting popular discontent during six days of the week,
devotes the Sabbath also to the propagation of palliatives
for public disorders. The " Queen's own" journal of
yesterday is a perfect hand-book of rebellion. It is re-
gardless of what may be the policy of the Conservatives
when in power ; their conduct in opposition has already
ruined the kingdom. " The country is perishing."
" The foreign demand has fallen off almost to nothing,"
—the causes we have lately shown. " The rejection of
the Ministerial measures have cut off all chance of the
revival in the foreign trade." " The last chance was that
an abundant harvest would create a good home trade.
The chance is at an end." •

" The only measures which could restore prosperity
have been lost. The only alternative by which the de-
ficiency of the revenue could be made good without new
taxes, has been rejected. The only Ministry which could
govern Ireland, without throwing itself into the arms of
the Orange faction has been driven from office. The
first step of the new Government must be to increase the
army in Ireland ; the second to impose new taxes to pay
for it. Already the Tory press are demanding laws and
troops to let loose upon surpliced ruffians,' and the
seven millions of Irish savagery.' Already the Tory
conclaves are deep in calculations as to the additional
revenue to be derived from repealing the greatest boon _
ever given to the civilisation and social intercourse of a
country—the penny postage."
To offer any denial to or detailed refutation of this
farrago of lies and nonsense, would be to insult the cause
of Conservatism. It is noticed only to show the despe-
rate efforts " the brutal, base, and bloody" will have re-
course to for the preservation of place and pelf. For a
continuance of power they awe .ready to convulse the
country—they are prepared to risk rebellion. Th.y,_ on
a former occasion, encouraged revolt in one colony, and
have lately proposed to ruin the most ancient of ow de-
pendencies that they might not be ejected from Down-
ing-street; but their crowning triumph of evil is to be
reserved for instigation to domestic broils and internal
commotions. Their evening organ, the Globe, a few days
ago, held up the insurrectionary movements at Tou-
louse as worthy of the imitation of Englishmen at the pre-
sent juncture. Their morning agitator, the Chronicle,
daily serves up the most elaborate incitements to the use
of physical-force arguments in favour of " free trade"
and " cheap bread."
TIMES.—It is no longer kept a secret that the Royal
speech on the opening of the new Parliament is to raise
the subject of the Budget. We had heard this confi-
dently asserted almost a fortnight ago, but we were un-
willing to believe, ill as we think of the yet lingering
Ministry, that they were prepared to commit such an in-
decency as this. We could not persuade ourselves that,
under all the circumstances of the time, and with a proved
impossibility of adding, by this new crime, a single hour
to their tenor of office, they would go the length of
committing their Royal Mistress to a string of recommen-
dations to which they positively know that Par-
liament must needs return a firm, however respectful,
refusal. If chore be one constitutional principle which,
more than all others, is important to the well-being of a
monarchy, it is, that the wishes of the Sovereign shall
never be made to appear in conflict with the wishes of
the people. For this reason it has been usual with
former Administrations, when they have found, from
plain, though not perhaps actually direct indications,
that the confidence of the country was withheld or
withdrawn from them, to resign their offices, and
so give their Sovereign the grace of the earliest
possible compliance with public opinion. This was
not the course which it seemed good to the Whig
Ministry to adopt. After a decision of their own
Rouse of Commons against'them, they held on, pretend-
ing to believe that the people, on appeal, would reverse
the sentence. The appeal was made, and the sentence,
emphatically confirmed. Upon this, full many a sim-
ple-minded man imagined that they would forthwith re-
sign. We knew better. We knew that they had insti-
tuted their appeal, not with any real hope of reversal,
but for delay. Thus it was clear that they would keep
possession until judgment could be actually entered up,
and execution issued against them. So far we were not
at all surprised at their waiting till the assemblage of the
new Parliament, for we have always done them
justice about their consistency in the matter of ad-
hesion ; and, in common with our old friend
Lance, we " would have one that takes upon
him to be a dog indeed, to be, as it were, a dog at
all things." But what they are now about to do is, we
own, a proceeding that astounds us.

UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.

CAMB RIDGE, AUG. 14.—0 n Saturday the 7th inst.
Charles Anthony Swainon, 8.A., of Trinity College
in this University, was admitted a Foundation Fellow of
Christ's College; and on Wednesday the 11th inst., John
Dowell Ridout, 8.A., of Christ's College, was admitted
a Foundation Fellow of the same Society
Mr. Octavius Budd, student of Pembroke College, in
this University, has been appointed to a scholarship on
that foundation.
The Rev. Mark Anthony Lawton, 8.A., of Jesus Col-
lege, in this University, has been instituted to the Vicar-
age of Salton, in the county of York, on the presentation
of John Woodall, Esq., of Scarborough.
The parishioners of Datchworth, in the county of
Hertford, have lately presented to the Rev. Thos. Sedger,
M.A., of Queen's College, in this University, an elegantly
bound copy of Scott's Commentary, in 6 vols., as a mark
of their esteem for the Rev. Gentleman, and of their gra-
titude for his indefatigable exertions whilst officiating
amongst them.
The Rev. J. Browne, M.A., of St. John's College, in
this University, has been licensed by the Lard Bishop of
Salisbury to the Curacy of Chilfrome and Toiler I ra-
trum, in the county of lUrset.
The Rev. Edward Swann, M.A., of St. John's College,
in this University, was last week elected Chaplain of the
Bedfordshire General Infirmary, in the room of the Rev.
l'ichard Pearson, M.A., resigned.
I.,.ast week Abraham Hume, Esq., Scholar of King's
College, in this University, was elected a Fellow of
that Society.
The Rev. D. Ledsam, M.A., of St. John's College.
in this University, Curate of Christ's Church, Bir-
mingham, has been appointed by the Bishop and other
Trustees to the incumbency of St. Mark's Church, in
the same town.
The Rev. T. A. Bolton, M.A. of Queen's College, in
this University, has been appointed to the Curacy of
Alverthorpe, Yorkshire.
The Rev. S. Smith, M.A., of St. John's College, in
this University, has been appointed to the endowed
Lectureship of Trinity Church, Margate, and to the
Chaplaincy of the Royal Sea-Bathing Infirmary at that
place.
The Rev. Bourchier Wray Savile, 8.A., of Emmanuel
College, in this University, has been presented to the
Vicarage of Okehampton, Devon, void by the resignation
of the Rev. Langston Coxheath. Patrons, the Rev.
Henry Bourchier Wrey, and 11. C. Millett, Esq.
On Thursday, the 7th inst., the Rev. Henry Brooks
Forster, M.A.; of Corpus Christi College, in this Uni-
versity, was instituted by the Lord Bishop of Gloucester
and Bristol to the Rectory of Coln Rogers, in the county
of Gloucester, vacant by the death of the Rev. Arthur
Benoni Evans. Patrons, the Dean and Chapter of
Gloucester.
OXFORD, Auo. 14.—The Rev. H. A. Woodgate, of St.
John's College, and Rector of Belbroughton, has been
elected a Proctor for the diocese of 'Worcester for the
ensuing ConvOcation at St. Paul's, on the 20th inst. The
other Proctor for the diocese is the ReV. -J. Howells,
Vicar of Trinity, Coventry. The Rev. W. Digby, a
Canon of Worcester Cathedral Church, has been elected
Proctor for the Chapter.
The Provost and Fellows of Queen's College have pre-
sented the Rev. H. A. Dodd, Fellow of their society, to
the Vicarage of Sparsholt, Berkshire, void by the death
of the Rev. Thomas Pearson.
Mr. G. Humphreys, of Abingdon School, has been
elected to a Scholarship on the Tesdale Foundation of
Pembroke College.
The Vice-Chancellor and Heads of 'louses having
selected the Rev. Dr. Powell, of Worcester College, for
the Chaplaincy on the Madras Establishment, the Rev.
Gentleman was sworn in at a Court of Directors at the
India House on Wednesday last.
The Master and Fellows of University College have
elected W. Beale, of Maidstone Grammar School, to a
Scholarship on the Gunsley Foundation.

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS,

FROM THE MORNING PIPERS OF THIS D.Y.
POST.—Letters from Liverpool notice the failure of
a considerable mercantile house in that town. Its transac-
tions are understood to have been principally in the cotton
trade. The liabilities are not accurately known, but
50,000/. is the amount talked of. With us commercial
affairs are mending. In most branches of the import
trade an improvement is experienced.'
Our Madrid correspondent briefly alludes, in a letter
inserted this day, to the claims of the Spanish Treasury
bondholders. lie touches upon the subject in a manner
from which it would appear that he has had recourse to
local sources of information alone. The decrees pro-
mulgated with so much formality in London, relative to
the issue of the Treasury
paper, convey impressions
that are perfectly conclusive and irresistible. They ad-
mit of no second interpretation, and the sooner, there-
fore, Senor Bull and the London embassy prepare them-
selves to act upon their very stringently-worded pro-
visions the better. The Treasury bonds are Spanish
Exchequer Bills lying over for five years dishonoured, and
nothing else. They present a monument of the mak
fides of the Spanish nation at which the diplomatic re-
presentatives of various States in this capital express
the utmost amazement ; for, as the civil war has now
been long at an end, and as confiscation is at length
hinted at, instead of honourable payment, the case of the
holders is more widely discussed in the leading political
circles than it had been. They now reasonably look for
their due. The Ambassadors of every country are cog-
nisant of the general indifference of the Spanish authori-
ties to their financial engagements, but when the Trea-
sury Bond rig comes to be explained to them in all its
treacherous and heartless depravity, their disgust is
equally irrepressible and unbounded. Let Mr. Rull only
put it to himself, how indignant Ministers of the high
honour of Prince Esterhazy, the Baron Billow, and other
dignified official personages at her Majesty's Court must
feel to be mixed up in any way with the Envoys of the
Peninsular Governments—a class of men sent over to
this great commercial metropolis for no other purpose
apparently than that of co-operating in the nefarious
schemes of agents, contractors, and their subordinate
scouts and tricksters planted about the purlieus of Chapel-

and foreign, as in a great degree to counterbalance the
prejudicial consequences of corn payments in bullion.
The amount of bullion that may be required for such
payments, will be found doubtlessly grossly exagge-
rated, in the same manner as those of late years have
been. It may be remarked, without at present en-
larging upon the subject more, that the former pressure
upon the Bank of England for gold for export was not
only not solely referable to the drain caused by corn im-
ports, but was at least in equal proportion caused by a
simultaneous drain arising from other and very different
causes. This supplementary operation of another cause
has been alluded to on former occasions, and may form a
subject for remark hereafter.

THE WOOD PAVEMENT IN

OXFORD-STREET.

On Saturday the Mtrylebone Vestry had another
meeting on the question of extending tho wood pave-
ment in Oxford-street. Mr. Gomme in the Chair.

At the last meeting of the Vestry the Board passed a
resolution to the effect that they were ready to receive
tenders from any parties to pave that part of Oxford-
street which runs between Well-street and Vere-street,
with wood, but on the minutes being read over on Saturday,
the motion appeared to be set forth as though the
Board were prepared to enter into a contract, for the
purpose expressed, with the Metropolitan Wood Paving
Company.
After a prolonged and a very animated discussion it
was eventually agreed to take the sense of the Vestry as
to whether the Chairman should correct the minute.
The proposition was carried by a majority of 29 to 27.
The correction having been made,
Mr. CLAPP then rose to oppose the confirmation of this
resolution, because- his objection to- the substitution of
wood for stone had , not been removed. He ob-
jected to wood pavement on the ground of its slip-
periness and the absence of sufficient evidence as to
the durability of the material itself. He Would con-
clude, therefore, by moving " That this minute be not
confirmed."

Mr. I-annul.; in seconding this motion, observed,
that if this pavement had answered so well at White-
hall, as had been stated, how came it that the (join-,
missioners of Woods and Forests had not ordered that
it should be carried all the way down to the House of
Commons ?—(A cry, "It is going to be done.") He
had made inquiries on the subject, but had not found
that such was the fact. It had been stated that the cause
of the slipperiness of the wood pavement was that the.
dirt was brought off the other description of pavement on
to it. Well, if that were so, would they allow him to
ask in how much better state would that pavement be
supposing even the whole of the street were paved with
it . from one end to the other, so long as the numerous
streets which led into it were not also laid down with
wood ? • Why, the cause of complaint would re-
main as strong as ever. He trusted the Board would.
not be drawn into the adoption of the wood pavement.
He was quite satisfied in his own mind that ultimately
they should be compelled to return to the old plan of
granite paving.—(Loud cries of " No, no.") He said
" yes." They might lay down granite for 20,0001., and,
at the expiration of ten years, if that pavement were to
be pulled up, it would be worth 10,0001. to break up fur
macadamizing. But let him ask what would be the value
of the wood at that period ? Nothing at all. He con-
tended that the Board had no right to embark in this
expense. What had been thecase in the instance of the
macadamizing ? The surveyor had told them that if that
plan were to be adopted it would not cost the parish
more than about 500/. a-year to maintain and keep it in
proper repair ; but they had found that that expense had
amounted to between six and seven thousand pounds
yearly. If the cost had been so much in that case, what.
might they not expect from the adoption of wood ?
The Rev. Dr. Munn/ looked upon this as a most im-
portant question—a question which ought not to be set-
tled by any party prejudices. The simple point to be
considered was whether the adoption of wood pavement
was a public benefit or not. Now they had heard from
the great body of gentlemen who might be regarded as
the persons who were the most deeply interested in the
matter, and who, allow him to say, were,, in his opinion;
the best and the most competent judges on the point, he
meant the inhabitants of Oxford-street, that not only
had this experiment answered all their expectations, but
they had derived great advantage and comfort from it,
—(Hear, hear.) The specimen which had been laid
down in that street consisted of no fewer than 151,000,
blocks ; and after they had stood the pressure of
the human foot, the trampling of the horses, and the
whirling of the wheels of vehicles of every description
for something like a year and a half, there had been
scarcely a block that had given any token of damage.—
(Hear, hear.) A friend of his had ordered a new car.
riage, which he said would last him at least seven years,
and not about three years as heretofore, in consequence
of the adoption of the wood, or as he termed it the
" velvet" pavement in the metropolis. As far as his own
private opinion went, he was bound to say that he did
not remember any one thing which had been adopted in
this great metropolis so well calculated or so likely to
confer a most general and important advantage, whether
it had reference to the comfo:t or benefit of thepublic, as
the introduction of the wooden pavement.—(Hoar.)
Mr. SODEN was satisfied there would be a large saving
to the public by the adoption of this pavement in Ox-
ford-street. With regard to the trial, the Committee had
themselves in the first instance settled the period at
twelve months. That trial they had had, and now they-
had come forward and asked for an extension of that
time. But there was no guarantee that even at the end
of that extended trial they would be satisfied. He trusted
the minute would be confirmed. ,

Mr. SKINNER would support the motion for non-con-
firmation.
Mr. THO3IAB begged to say, that in reality he should
be no opponent to wood pavement, so soon as it had
been proved that the material had sufficient durability,
and was not dangerous to pass over. He wanted that
they should have a longer trial of its merits, and he un-
derstood that the Metropolitan Wood Company would
raise no objection to such a proposition upon being paid
for the extended experiment.—(Hear, hear.) If the
Board were to entertain that question then, much of their

time would be spared.
Mr. COCHRANE could not be surprised at the alarm.
which had been expressed by Mr. Skinner lest this mi-,
nute should be confirmed, seeing that he had been the.
Chairman of the Committee who had brought up a Be-
port wherein they had stated that the specimen of wood
pavement in question had been repaired, when, in point
of fact, no repairs had been done to it.—(Hear, hear.)
He sincerely hoped the minute would be confirmed. .
Mr. JONES opposed the confirmation.
Mr. FOSTER also objected to the confirmation, because
they had not had sufficient experience of the durability.
of wood as a pavement.
Mr. GIBSON would oppose the motion for the non-
confirmation of this minute. On the score of expense,.
the poor-rate payer would benefit very considerably by
the adoption of the wooden pavement. There would be
an annual saving of at least 2,0001. With regard to the.
resolution which had been carried at their last meeting,
that only went to the recognition of the principle of
wood pavements, leaving it open to make contracts at
any subsequent time with any parties or company.
Mr. BUSHELL would vote for non-confirming the
minute.
Mr. BIERS contended that wood, as a lasting mate-.
rial, from all his experience, was a failure. If the advo-,
cates of.the plan were so confident of its durability, why.
, did they object to a longer trial? Let there be a fair and
reasonable trial, and if it stood the test he would be one
of the first to support its adoption.
Mr. FREEMAN was strongly in favour of wood pave-
ment, and would oppose the motion made by Mr. Clapp.,
Mr. JOSEVHS was not sorry at these attempts at delay,
because .the greater the delay the stronger would be the
evidence in favour of the plan, inasmuch as the speci-
men of . the,. Metropolitan Wood Paving Company, was,
day after day falsifying the statements which were being
made against its success.—(Hear, hear.) •
The Vestry divided, when the numbers were—FOr the
non-confinnation, 30 ; against that motion, 22 ; ma-
jority, 8.
The minute was therefore not confirmed.—Adjourned.

court.
The assertion that the Treasury Bond affair of 1836-7
was a blunder of M. Mendi. zabal is contemptible. It is
indeed, in our humble estimation, only making a bad
thing worse. There was no blunder in the matter.
lIERALD.—It may be noticed here that generally a
considerable improvement has been visible in commercial
affairs this week in the city, and more business done than
for a considerable time past. A tolerably large business ha s
been doing in various staple articles, especially in oils
and tobacco, of which the stocks have been materially
lightened, with an accompanying amendment in prices.
if
There is reason to hope that, the harvest be so insuf-
ficiently productive as Jo require more extensive imports
of foreign corn than is anticipated even by those specu-
lating to some extent upon a presumed dAciency, there
will be such a general amelioration in trade, both home

SI-AIN AND THE POPE.
The following is the manifesto published by the Spa-
nish Government in answer to the allocution of his Ho-
liness, which has appeared in our columns :
" The Christian world will with as much surprise as
regret have received the allocution of his Holiness,
which, delivered in a secret Consistory, was immediately
published throughout both Spain and Europe. In form
this document is expressive of the deepest affliction and
grief—in reality it is a violent invective, bitterly accusing
the Government and Spanish nation of being the perse-
cutors of the Church. Their faith is doubted, and they
are menaced with exclusion from the pale of Christianity
unless they return to themselves, so that a seven years'
war, brought on and protracted by the ambition of
reigning,- was not a sufficient ill to the coun-
try, but . that, having been terminated by ' the
generosity of two parties in Spain, the common Father
of the Faithful must cast on their half-extinguished
flame—a new brand—to excite the Christian world to
spill oceans of blood, and to convert the civil war into
one of religion. Now, in these times of odious memory,
when a menace from the Vatican would suffice to shake
the earth, and agitate the cations of it, doubtless their
motive is very hostile ; but it shall also be in like man-
ner. opposed, On this, as on many other occasions,
Spaniards will discern what they owe to their faith, and
what to their independence and surety ; what to the real
interests of the Church of Jesus Christ ; and what the
unjust and ever-encroaching pretensions of the Church
of Rome. The Government of her Majesty will not
descend to controversy ; will not enter into the laby-
rinth of subtleties and subterfuges, which is the refuge
for every contested point, and every new question, and
to support which a new maxim, or a principle, is
aJduced, a new example or an old one produced for imi-.
tation. No, such a step were unworthy a great, a noble
people, the Spanish Government will come to the point-
direct and resolutely. Exposing concisely and candidly
the events that have taken place since the death of Fer-
dinand the Seventh, Government will show to Spain and
Europe on which side they may seek moderation, inge-
nuousness—on which obstinacy and absence of reason—
so that no surprise will be possible at the jtist and vigo-
rous part the Government will take for the defence of
the great interests confided to its vigilance and zeal.
Scarcely was the monarch dead, than his Holiness
gave himself up to expressions of the deepest grief,
and offered to address to the Most High fervent pray ers
for the preservation of the kingdom from every dis-
aster, the kingdom which he styled the orphan of
her father. This had been a noble and pious wish,
if unaccompanied by. doubt on the part of the Sovereign
Pontiff as to the legitimacy of the succession of our be-
loved Queen to the inheritance of her Sire. To this
doubt was subsequently added his refusal to recognise
her until the Holy Father had agreed with the other
Powers, and also new complaints respecting the abuse to
which certain journals gave themselves up against the
ecclesiastics. Thus did his Holiness himself commence
the disaster he pretended to fear, framing all the time
new excuses in anticipation of new insults.
" To dispel these doubts, the Pragmatic Sanction of
the 31st of March, 1830, was invoked, comprising the in-
tentions of Ferdinand, and the evils of all classes
of the State was communicated to him, they tak-
ing the oath of allegiance to the King's heiress, the
Princess Isabella, recognised and obeyed as Queen of
the Spanish nation. But the Holy Father recognised
in the Pragmatic Sanction, only an important do-
cument, worthy of examination when the question should
be definitively on the eve of settlement—the weaknhss in
Spain of the party of Don Carlos was represented to him
—the small number of troops by which he was followed,
that he was countenanced scarcely by one province or by
one capital—by one fortress. Yet his Holiness expressed
doubts, and inclined to a belief in the papers he received.
" The question was insisted on ; the little show of
reason there was to deny to the young Queen in whose
favour so many rights militated, what was granted to
Don Miguel in Portugal, although a usurper and noto-
rious perjurer. His Holiness answered, that the recog-
nition of Don Miguel took place only subsequently
to a two years' peaceable possession, and on the express
condition that although an existing sovereignty was
recognised, it was without detriment to the claims
of the Pretender. The Spanish Government, never-
theless, answered the complaints of the ecclesiastics
by suppressing the offensive articles and punishing the
writers, although it acknowledged the impossibility
of gagging calumny whilst matter for censure was
given. And when so many of both the secular and the
regular ecclesiastics, not only were led away by the bad
example excited in others, but also themselves became
the movers and promoters of sedition, commanding the
rebels, directing the pillage of the localities, carrying
destruction and murder amongst peaceful habitations
—when the religious houses were transformed into
clubs of conspirators— when the churches were turned
into depots for_ammunition and poWder----it was not easy
to conceal such scandalous outrages from the public, nor
to suppress in the public papers the indignation of parties,
nor the malice of those who furnished the intelligence.
The whole of these proceedings were officially consigned to
the documents to which his Holiness referred, and it was
indeed extraordinary that. the calumny should be so se-
verely reproved, and nothing done to suppress the infamy
whence it sprung, and which cherished it still. The
ministers of God and Peace, transformed into ministers
of discord and desolation, could but bring upon theta-
selves the execrations of the public, and it was not to be
expected that on presenting themselves before the people
still covered with blood and crimes, they could command
that respect which is due only to sanctity of conduct.
Such excesses might have been in their origin repressed
by the Prelates ; but these rendered doubtful and unde-
cided by the silence of his Holiness, durst not hazard
their intervention for the repression of such scandalous
excesses, and this apparent indifference augmented the
disorders, so that if the dangers of religion and the in-
consistencies of her ministers had again increased,
the blame must in justice have been cast upon
the conduct of so many of her unworthy mem-
bers, and attributed to the silence of their head
pastors. Such" rave considerations, such serious
consequences, which should never be considered irreli-
gious or revolutionary, found no response in the bosom of
his Holiness, who was, notwithstanding, prompt to com-
plain of the summary and continual executions of the
condemned ecclesiastics, as if, arrested arms in hand,
they merited some better fate, or more respect than any
other rebels. Thus passed away the time in useless ne-
gotiations, without any advancement of the question,
which, however, was terminated by the categorical reply
made to our Ambassador at Rome by the instructions
forwarded to Cardinal Tiberi, Nuncio to his Holiness at
'this Court, and to the Archbishop of Nice, appointed his
successor, but which instructions the latter never received,
the whole expressing his Holiness's refusal to acknowledge
Queen Isabella until her allies had done the same. There
still remained the entire ecclesiastical question, which
neither the Court of Rome nor that of Madrid could so
easily cut short. Several of the churches of the State hav-
ing no bishops, her Majesty's Government lost no timein
presenting. to his Holiness the sage and virtuous ecclesi-
astics it deemed worthy the honour of episcopacy. In
such cases it is usual not to postpone the confirmation
of such appointments, nor the exposition of the bulls,
in order that the -fold of Jesus Christ be not too long
deprived of its pastors ; far from this, the Holy See,
from year to year, obstinately refused to fulfil this im-
portant duty ; sometimes by the help of theological
subtleties, sometimes from interested motives, under the
cloak of benevolent concessions. The first difficulty
arose on the form of presentation without prejudice to
the Dynasty question, the fate of which was left to the
fortune of war in the Peninsula ; in vain did the Go-
vernment, then faithful to the principle of condescen- .
sion it had original:oT adopted, propose divers forms, in
which, omitting the candidate's name, the difficulties
were surmounted, and the temporal interests of the
Holy 'Father gdaranteed. The Court of Rome rejected
all, now under one pretext, now under another, but at
length proposed a medium apparently to it the best
suited to circumstances. It consented to omit in 'the
bulls, every presentation on the plea that his .Holi-
ness acquiesced, of his own accord, and in virtue of his
Apostolic faith.
" As an instance were cited the Bishops presented by
the dissenting Government of America, whose washotsheat.
sr, ---------- ---- nomina-
HER MAJESTY'S 1 HEATRE.—A very full tion was confirmed in the same
that the patronage
of the
house was collected on Saturday night, as it was advertised Spanish Bishops ; finally it was said
that it was the last time Mdlle. Cerito would perform of the Crown was
inotwithstandingak recognised, and that
this season. The opera was Lucrezia Borgia, in which his Holiness wouldte An -e an official declaration to that
yesstao
htolischaetdchhythtehecanonical Government.lawlan,
avinrd-
Grisi, Mario, and Tamburini, sang very finely—the two effect in ans.erartai et. The snare was skilfully laid,
last as finely as ever ; but in Grisi there was no falling off but notsu irci ehn
in energy, though a slight failure of voice. The trio in tue of . his g
Act 2, where Mario has to dwell upon the words recognissen in thet most solemn manner by the Sovereign
A mia madre, while Grisi and Tamburini are supposed Pontiffs of every age, her Majesty was invested with the
to be conversing apart, was instantly encored. After incen • ble patronage of the Churches of her realm,
the second act of the opera a sort of divertissement, in and it were both dishonourable and impolitic for the
the shape of Cerito's delicious Gitana dance, was presented. Government of Queen Isabella to consent to the positive
This is according to the old custom, for twenty years violation of her public right. Why seek to guarantee
ago dancing was always introduced to relieve the weight the same by a separate Act, which would appear to be a
of the opera, and we think extremely judiciously. It • concession ?
was certainly most grateful last night, and the repetition " This was eluding the difficulty, and not setting
of it was called for, but Cerito contented herself (not it aside in good faith. Government had carried
the audience) by merely coming forward to pick up a' longanirnity to the utmost extent of its duty, beyond
wreath that had been flung upon the stage, and curtsey- . which it could not go without derogating from its dig-
ing very gracefully. After the opera had concluded, the pity, from the rights of the nation, and from the perogs.-
ballet of Le Lac des Fees was repeated, and those who,, tive of the Crown. A determination was taken to re-
have seen it more than once will hardly say that it can ceive no further bulls confirmatory of Bishops elect,
be repeated too often. It went off with the utmost
.ap- I unless the rights of Crown patronage were expressly
plause. The boxes were most fashionably filled by the mentioned in the terms proposed, or others analogous.
Queen Dowager, the Duchess of Cambridge, Princess The consequences of a protracted dissent of the Churches
Augusta of Cambridge, &c. &c. I of Spain, and the interruption of the relations of a
BOTH HORNS BAD.—The poor tailor, in the I; Catholic kingdom with the Sovereign Pontiff, might be
following sketch from the " New Orleans Crescent City," ' fatal ; but the immense responsibility of -these fatal con-
fared no better on one horn of the dilemma than the sequences would weigh entirely upon him who accumu-
other :—" Will you pay me my bill, Sir ?" said a tailor I lated difficulties upon difficulties, delays upon delays,
in Chartress-street, to a waggish fellow who had got into 1 and who would never come to an honourable resolution."
hinvabout a foot. "Do you owe anybody anything,
Sir ?" asked the wag. " No, Sir," said the tailor.
" Then you can afford to wait !" and he walked off. A
day or two afterwards the tailor called again. Our wag
was not at his wit's end yet ; so, turning on his creditor,
he says, " Are you in debt to anybody ?" " Yes, Sir,"
says the tailor. " Well, why the devil don't you pay ?"
e Because I can't get the money." " That's just my case,
Sir ;
I am glad to see you can appreciate my condition—
give me your hand."—New York Paper.
A CURIOSITY.—A farmer in the neighbour-
hood of Wirksworth, has now in his possession a lamb,
perfect in all its parts except the hind legs, which have
only one joint, and are but half the length of the fore
ones. When standing, its appearance resembles the
giraffe, and when moving from place to place, it leaps like
' a rabbit. It continues in good health, and grows rapidly.

THE WEATHER AND THE HARVEST,—
If the prospect last w.ee,k, was gloomy it is much more so
now, " rain, rain, ram, being still the order of the day,
and there does not appear much probability of a favour-
able change being near at hand. It is impossible to tell
the amount of injury which may ensue if the rain con-
tinues much longer, but at present much grain must be
laid, which we fear will never recover.— Worcestershire
chronicle.
Notwithstanding the low freights at which ships
are at present employed, and the consequent depression
of shipping property, there are actually now ninety-four
ships building on the river Wear, which, with thirty-
five vessels recently launched at Sunderland, makis a
total of 129, many of them of considerable tonnage—
Durham Chronicle.