The Sun.
London, England, 1823-11-12 00:00:00

signs and conversation, and less and less by the tedious; un-
healthy, tormenting and irrational mode offorcing sounds wi b.
out sense upon their unwilling attention. The former method
is calculated, in an eminent degree to cultivate the menus! fa-
(LErern VII.)
culties and moral sense of children. The latter, as daily ex-
perience 'testifies, is singularly well adapted to destroy,
TO TAM EDITOR OF THE OLASOOW CORONXCLZ. 4 not only the health and temper, but the judgment also;
and hence it is that a mere book-learned man so often be-
SI it —T he surcess,•so fur surpaesidg my eapec- comes a diseased, peevish, conceited, troublesome, useless
tattoo, of the measures which have been hitherto pursued, for
nightly
t and that next to the poor female outcasts, who are
dying of neglect and disease in the lare towns and
promoting the. great cause of truth and of human *lllness cities of what is called the civilized part of fine world, he
supplies the strongest possible motive to persevere with firm, deserves most of our pity and commiseration. Such a 4.4.
rector could never be formed In the new state of society.
to and increased order in the same course; and, in reference • In addhian to this improvereent in education for the'young,
to my future efforts for the advancement of the New System, it is now my Intention to carry Into execution plans, long since
of tide
e village,
the i, ewlinset.ruction of the *dishpan of the population
It is My intention, generally, to employ all the means
.I can
14 n plans were suspended, until their curio.
bring into action for enabling the public to acquits, net a mere shy should be awakened by the rapid progress of their children
genetal notion, but a distinct understanding of all the prin. In knowledge and superior conduct, and until the inductee of
clples on which it is founded, and a gin,: c0...c e circumstances should prepare them for their reception. A cer.
' i vice on of their fain time must elanapeet breeitbruieeesingurieopst
pnettliemnpeerotvoeurnatinttsfocar,nanhde
erne:nein sly meta cal imporeenoovin the; whole business end Put in
prompt and decisidveljudgment to seize upon the catheat nun.
concerns of human life. ty, merry this undertaking may still mem, when they can be succesefolly introducsvd and eclopted.
beneficial change But the utmost extent of the improvements, which can be en.
fted on any of the aere
n gemee es ot old soci. and parte
be deemed visionary; and the great ' and
cgularly on an establishment formed' 36 years ago "(tyOrly for th
which it contenaphstes., in all theorangements of society, may
be pronounced impossible ; or, it. least attainable only at a spinning of cotton, must be very limited indeed. Every thing
triortattnetnotllii,to. olitiurrarriaanngemerus is so vicious in principle,
vastly distant period._ But why' is the enterprise visionary,
nature in practice, that, while any
or why must the change froui error and discord to re- portion of them shall remain to mar the benefit of the new, it
tional:y and union —from vice 'And misery to virtue and hap.
will be a vain hope to expect more than a very slight approx.!.
pintas, be necessarily reserved foe an age, so remote from that Illation to that state, In whichonciety ought to exist.
I therefore design to form, with the least delay possible, a
in which we live? . community on the genuine, unadulterated principle of the new
system. In this establishment those circumstances alone should,
bit visionary to advocate alyitem, which is proved to be in
be combined, that are, m themselva, calculated to promote
accordance with the laws of Natttre and of God P. Is it visionary, and secure the virtue, intelligence, and happiness of all its
members, to the exclusion of all those which necessarily gene.
to believe that man wir, prefer living in happiness to existing.
. . rate and perpetuate bad dispositions, habits, ignorance, poverty,
in misery ?-18 it visionary to cenclude, that as soon as man, and ail the evils hitherto prevalent thronyugtinhheociurteasottiety.—Thi
co is intended to become the parent or model community, from
kind shall distinctly perceive the most superabundunt means
certain happiness to be within their reach, they will instantlyorganization
Britain
andand
directionich as
assistants
ilmtailwarillinbsetituon supplieds not only
proceed to avail themselves of these means ?....Or, when the. Ireland, but on the continent of Europe, In America, and in
nest,eltitteir part of
.the world where a desire may exist to rata.
causes which have heretofore produced evil among men, are at
length discovered, and when it is demonstrated, not only that Whatever scepticism there may be at this moment, in regard]
they are not beyond our controul, but that *Mete" possesses to the superiority 9f the proposed Institutions, compered with
staple means to remove and exclude them, is it visionary to everye adrrouitzf;..wi
.u.i-lnb•se
'wrelintlvneraPfrir itiel A
ni txcitte
tnyn oatn hde
ciao nb efotria I
anticipate. nay, confidently to expect, an extraordinary change, j relinquish the old for the new will,. 1 am convinced,g greatly
at no dietant perlett, in the condition of mankind ? • exceed the means that can be brought into immediate activity
Tot Affectin cange in the deeirle manner • more
Already have the new principles ticker deep root in the particularly athe deficiency will exist in most
the numabber of experienced
not psrsons renuired to superintend the formation of new column.
Minds of a considerable number of intelligent individuals,
geitifei;istinesstiaTitstaat a distance frogs those which arc likely to
only in Greet Britain and Ireland, but on the Continent' of
Europe and in America. And, having the most perfect eon. i 1 state
,ney opinion thus eonfittently, because I ant sure
that human nature cannot much longer reject the extraor.
victiOreof their truth, as well a:soft* efficacy in practice, I dinoty advantages which this system offers to in The pre*
entertain a conviction equally str g that no human power judices, which have hit:
darkened the mental vision of
the. popular arid periodical writers' upon this subject, will, I
can stop their progress, or prvent their rspid diffusion through.
know, be speedily dissipated. It has been somewhat amusing,
out society. But before proceeding to consider the more general sines experience has put me in possession of the teal facts, to
means of extending the knowledge and the practice of the NeW :remark the minion guesses of various lamed writers, an to
effects which the proposed system would produce on child.
System, I shall recur eo
sins experimental 'New Lanark where;
, PA, adults, and society at large. They have naturally appeer,
I mean now 'to carry into execution several measures for the ed 0> me like men born blind attempting to describe colours...-
further improvement of the physical, mental,Their conjectures have generally exhibited the greatest possible
ditio and moral con.
.reMotenees from the point of reality. 'rlicy have written with. uof the , whichtl4Agesl have long had in contemplation : out easy data, and most look Into our new world before they
but before:-the intioduction of which some years of experience can find any of teal use for their purpOse. And it is Trot a
were ntVilary.
solitary community that can satisfy the wants or the wishes
,
of society. Scientific inventions anti discoveries have been
At mesent, the males who are employed in the mills and accumulating during the last half century and afford
manufactory, do not acquit the degree oftfitn,„...tb. and atlltity us the meafitOtt,mducitig„
,Tenltin tta a4rethlndant rant the
which they ought to attain. - There is tt decided superiority in limited extent tesand the arangements necessary to form the
the apparent health of the females over that of the males. This human character, upors scientific principles, to what it ought
may arise from 'the female tonetitution being better adapted to be, are known.-. These means of creating a superabundance
by nature than the mete- for eectntavy occupations. Or, it of wealth at present serve to produce poverty, want, and
may arise, in a considerable degreeirone the cireumstance that wretchedness. This power of well forming the laintan .
the females weer working clothes and change them frequent- ratter lies dormant and unemployed; and the prevalenceeha of
ly, thus keeping their persons eletin ; while the greater part of Ignorance and immorellly is the necessary consequence. But
the male dress eine of woolens's* washed, and seldom chant?. a spirit is abroad which will not relit sedated with such a state
ed, Imuibes the eifidvia from the oil, and other substances . of things.
used in the cotton manufactuste ; and, in consequence, the I It Is no longer a question whether new Principles and prat.
wearer always carries with him en unwholesome atmosphere.. tices can or will be adoptid. This is now inevitable. But it
To counteract this evil, convenient means of frequent bathing is a subject of interest to the public to ascertain when, how,
will be provided ; it will be recommended to them to use and by whom the change shall be efilvted. This subject I
clothes that v;111 wash, sod flicilitles will be atforded.for waehr, shall conclude in my next lettet.
ing them frequently, at a moderate eXpence. Ornnalities will '
also be introduced. I intend, alto, that measures shall be ';eon
adopted to Supersede the. inconvenience and lees which arise
from cooking upon a very limited scale; the disadvantages of
which, no one can foil estimate without having had various
opportunities of Corrtjhuing this mode with scientific arrango.
meats on an extended scale. This part of the system has been
hitherto withheld, because many obstacles were m the way of
'lts beneficial introduction.
In effecting thesis. changes In the habits of the people, the
same principle will be acted upon, which was the means, at a
&nem period of inducing them to purchate at the General
Store, and to alter the dress of their children. Tice benefit of
the clitinge'vtill-be rendered obvious 'to them by experiences,
they will not be required to adopt it unttl.their interest A 440
amass lead them to do so. They will be at Pall libtoty to
antinne their present practice, or to ptiretitues the cooked pro-
visions, and take them home, or to eat their meals in the
spacious end comfortable rooms presided 'for their' accom-
modation. IntimatelO, there can be no- doubt, as many will
prefer the latter mode as the apartments rill conveniently
contain.

New LAnstrk, lit Nov. 1823..
ROBERT OWEN.

From the LONDON GA Zr1"11., Nov. 11.

117,1tehall,. Nov. 101 1823.
The King hat been plamcd to grant the plaice of one of the
Lords of sesaion in Scotland to John Clerk, Esq. Advocate, in
the romn of William Macleod Bannstyne, Esq. resigned.
'BANKRUPTCY SUPERSEDED.
".henry Crompton, Crynnui.mill, Flintshire, psper-rnami.
ftxturer.

BANKRUPTS.
Thomas Hewitt, Carlisle, ironfounder, to surrender Nov. 28,
27, Dec. 23, at the Lion anti Lamb Inn, Carlisle. Solleitot,
Mr. Monti' Staple-inn.
William Alurgatroyd, Scan Bottom, Yorkshire, worsted-
spinner, Dec.,. 9, le. 23, at, the Union Cross Inn, Halifax...,
Solicitov,.Messrs. Wiglesworth and Itidsdale, Oray's.itui.
' John hives, Canterbury_, ironmonger, Nov. 22, 29, Dec. 28,
bt the Bankrupts' Court, Basingliallostrert. Solicitors, 31mo.
Brown anti Marten Mincing.lane.
John Neagh, Bristol, tanner, Nov. 21, 22, Dec. 23, at the
Commercial Itooms,, Bristol. Solicitors, Mews. Evans and
She:mann, /1 at ton-gard en.
Alexander Brown, Plymouth; ship...builder, Nov. 26, 20,
Dec. 2ft , at the London Inn, Plymouth-dock. Solicitor, Mr.
Sole, Plymouth-dock.
John Alouatt, Lower Thatnes.strest, ale.tiealer, Nov. 18,
22, Dec. 28, at the Bankrupts' Court, Buinghall.street. Bp.
lieitot, Mr. Van Bandau, Dowpate.hill.
Joseph Burraston, Hereford, co:A-merchant, Nov. 26, 28,
Dec. 23, at the Falcon Inn, Brorryard. Solicitor Mr. Cour.
teen, Size-lane. ,

These are the Measures about to be carried into effect to
improve the health said comfort, or the • physical condition of
the villagers, without ,increasing their expenditure. But it is
Intended that-the mental and moral condition. of the populetion
should be advanced yet more than the.physieel.
I have already' expressed my opinion of the old system
of instruction ; that • it, iseealoulal44 Only to mike :chuartri
familiar with sounds which to them have no meaning, Or
which serve to convey to them'. very erroneous notions ;
that experience has proved it to be a very erroneous mode
of cultivating their faculties, and the most injuriont to
their health and temper, that could well be devised. The
system to which nature d:rects is. as was Before obaerved,
to place the object, of which a knowledge is to, be acquired, dia.;
tlnctly befere theiteminds, and then to talk to them upon the
subject, and allow them to ask their own question', and to Fe.
ply to the questions of their instructors In' their own language.
The mind eta child should be well stored with urefdl facts,
before it sees the alphabet ; nor would T torment any child with
a letter or figure before he was eight yeareof "age, at the leArit:
By that pried, if belied been properly taught by eemeible signor
and conversation with his teachers, he would poiseit ati seen.
rate general knowledge of the various divisions of the world, of
the natural productions of each climate, of the natural history
of each country, of the ancient and modern history of each nee.
tion, of its existing political And commercial relations, of the
relative advance of each nation in 'the arts and sciencies, of the
real value of the latter to society, and of the etrote, which now
keep the world in a state of comparative Ignorance, demoraliza-
tion and barbarism. He would know how his own character,
and the chatieter of every human being was formed; he would
be practicably acquainted with the etience by which the eine
ratter pll human beings can be well or ill formed; he would
know the causes which produce 'good, and those which Produce
evil to, man; he would 'knew tram experienee how the tomer
could be excluded, and the lam made perpetually Active ; he
would in 1111,-;:t, become fully conscious of the error and folly
which have hitherto characterised the proceedings of Iner.kind,
and which history renders ConapicuourlY manifest.
And yet, notwithetanding all this, he would remain, ateetel,
ing to the common notion of education, uninstructed;' for he
would know nothing at all of letters or figures, It is new only
that this letellige.rit and rational being should' commence the
alphabet, and the eine digits; And thus prepared, I should be
greatly disappointed, if in less than twelve molithe he did ngt
pass all of the old school in reading, writing, and arithmetic,
although the latter had been baendering it their lessims in
these branches exclusively for hair or rive Year* Preceding.
And, having passed them, I should be equally disappqinted, it,
In every six months afterwer4 he'dta next m4ke a fireater Pro-
gress in theee azei all otheescholaitin ame.reirese then the aver-
age of hie competitors could In twelve months, carrying 'with
heat M the teroe time ak) prtvictusil eetittited knowledge,'
arid day by day malriegiaega ogees-lions to in It it, threefef
in contemplation that young allben NO* "nit* /
be motet end more. instructed, As nature directs, by Ms; le

DIVIDENDS.
Dec. 4, R. liamilton, Liver:ool, merchant-0(e. 4, a. To..
her, Liverpool, metchent—Dire. 16, J, Lamaist* whit*"
Lower woollen.cloth.rnamuLcmrer—Des.llo, p•
Abrahltrn, Lerhttery, merchant—Dee. 6, 8. Garton, Woo&
street, Chespaide, silk-manufacturer—Dec. 8, T. W. Bsley,
errard'a-hall lavers., Basing-lane, wine. mercbant—Dec. ti, 81.
Oirdhattone, Norwich, baker—Dec. W. Hutton, listalty,
Worcestershire, timber.merchant—Dec. K. loppingwell,
Croydon, linen.draper—Dec. 6, W. Lee, Charles.strect,Coveht.
garden, theatrical dreg...maker—Dee. 2, J. Webster, Tower-
street, merchant—Dec. 4, H. E. Baines, Liverpool, merchant
—Dee. 12, E. Alleni Bristol, navy-contractor—Dec. 2, F. M.
Lubbren, Ntwcastle.upon-Tyne, irorifonnder.

CERTIFICATES, Dtc. 2.
W. Hickman, Leicester.square, hunier--P. Butler, I,lttle
Boltim tuanufactuter.-5. Furdsham, edentate, draper—J.
Jonea,'Bret.on, ,maltiter—T. Buckle., Leeds, merchant_.—J.
Alaundern, Upper Oround.street, Chmtchurch, vict4iatel„--- P.
Alartin, Tewketbury, wine-merchant— m
J. Hue", nauta
dealer.

PARTNERSIIIPS DISSOLVED.
C. and S. Johnson, Bath, milliners--J.Tilien and W.Easton, Moot's-yard, St. Martin's-lane, Charint.crass, car-
riers—J. Wilson and J. Metcalfe, Ashton-under-Line, groarrs
—J. Carson and P. Alunay, Mahon, Yorkshire, tea-dealer:—
J. Evans and W. liongstaff, Northumberland-street, Strand,
tailors —fl ril'Pherson and IV. Noble, Jermya-street,
tailors—E. arid T. iluitork and J. Taylor, Lees, Lanes-
shire, cotton.spinnerr—J. Moore and W, Hullo% Leeds,
Schollield, S. and J. Buckley, R. Smith,
and J. SiMpeors, ithodcs-rnill, Lancashire, otton-synnirs3
so far as regards kitnith and J. Simpsort—T4 o.t.ht4
R. Pitcher, bl.tekheatls, mariners-. J. liroadfoot and Lt}fill-
lan Carlisle. o'4-dealers—T. CtOtikiti and J. W. BOWs_ 1. Lives-
Poolt Ricbudson and E. CorEelik Liseoln's
tnn-tlana-ageno--IV. raisar and t Bali; Nutbeaton,
IVarw
ickshire, mercersO. Letts and W. n- Alan. Nino
Elms, corn.lightesmen—T. Smith and 3, Mason, klactios4eldi
silk.dyers—A. Pink, Jura, and H. Ptiaulx, tomes, ecuttnon.
hteweri.