The Sun.
London, England, 1847-06-10 00:00:00

THE SUN,_ LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE lo,_ 1847.

ROYAL BOTANIC SOCILTY, REGENTS-PARS.---The
exhibition of plants and flowers, for some time announced by
this society, took place yesterday, and was honoured by the
Presence of several distinguisbd visitors. His Royal High-
lless Prince Albert, attended by Colonel Bouverie, was re-
-I.4ived at an early hour by the President, the Duke of Nor-
-o.lk. The arrival of the Prince was soon after followed by
tnat of their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of
,eambridge, and the Hereditary Grand Duke and Grand
Duchess of Saxe Weimar and suite. The weather was very
fine, and the gardens were consequently thronged to excess
--the number of visitors present being far greater than on
any former occasion. The bands of the Ist and 2d Life
Guards and of the Royal Horse Guards (Blue) were in at-
tendance, and exerted all their efforts to enliven the scene.
The collection of plants consisted principally of pelargo-
niums, chiefly contributed by Messrs. Cock, of Chiswick,
Beck of Isleworth, Gaines of Battersea, Catleugh
.of Chelsea,
Staines, Robinson, Coysb, and Barker. Of orcludeous col-
lections, by Messrs, Rucker, Blandy, Rollison, and Warner,
and Veitch of Exeter. Of large miscellaneous collections of
stove and greenhouse plants, by Lady Antrobus, Miss Trail.
Mr. Fraser, and Mr. Cook; and of roses, contributed by
Messrs. Paul, Lane, Francis, and Lee. The flowers in each
of the departments were abundant, and in high perfection.
HOSPITAL FOR CoNsumrTioN.—The anniversary
festival, in commemoration of the new building or hospital
for the reception of the patients now labouring under the
disease of consumption, was held last evening at the London
Tavern. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge occu-
pied the chair. After the usual toasts had been given, his
Yal Highness stated that he had visited the hospital, and
at a time when his presence was not expected, and be was
therefore better able to form a correct judgment of its ma-
nagement and efficiency. It was the only hospital of the
kind in this country, a tact which should induce them to lend
their best assistance to its support. The building of a chapel
was now in contemplation, but, from the want of funds, it
was not possible to carry out the undertaking. His Royal
highness then adverted to the vast utility of such an insti-
tution to medical science, and referred to a letter received
rr(lal a person whose son had died in the hospital, but who,
ra the great kindness and attention bestowed upon his de-
ceased child was in some degree consoled for his loss. The
nealths of his Royal Highness, the Vice-Presidents, the Com-
llittee of Management, the Medical officers, the Ladies, and
re Stewards, successively followed, and the meeting broke
that a late hour. The demands of this charity were last
2,E4 Inore generally recognised than heretofore, nearly
for being collected in furtherance of the important objects
ich it was founded.
at eiZusENTaTioN OF WESTMINSTER.—Last night
ootesTa,lock, a meeting of Mr. C. Lushington's general
ee, which was numerously attended, was held at the
own a
the c and Anchor Tavern, Strand, to receive the report of
behalf
in reference to the state of the canvas in
oho chair.
of that gentleman. Mr. Geesin, of St. James's, in
of -uilir• Mr. Huggett, the secretary, produced the report
the voluntary names of the gentlemen of the committee,
laurich showed a return most favourable to the interest of
I,on C. Lushington, the number being as eight to one in fa-
of that gentleman and General Sir De Lacy Evans,
against Mr. C. Cochrane. Dr. Bambridge, Mr. Trout, Mr.
tiVide, Mr. Hocken Mr. Cox, Mr. Ffrench, &c., addressed
toe elair, urging the renewed exertions of the committee to
Tilloepiete the canvas, when steps were taken for that purpose.
rate&meeting, after the transaction of other business, sepa-
rated.
THE CROPS.—In Nottinghamshire the crops, boths
falsehoods
sand and the clay Jistricts, are most luxuriant. he
oods of the Protectionists, the corn speculators, their
smallerbioed fr', the farmers, and the monopolist papers—all cool-
trib —will not serve them much longer. A clay of just re-
tribution will overtake them—Front a Correspondent.
CRICK ver
iss •-,...M ARYLEBONB CLUB AND GROUND V.
m 11;L—Thia match was concittcled 911 Wed Vhell
1ir74940 196 by 1W M*

serioi

VANITY FAD:. Part VI.
If Mr. Thackeray were by some unforeseen acci-
dent to die to-morrow his name ss ould he transmitted
down to posterity—not by his Yellowplush Corres-
pondence, not by his Snob papers, not by his Jeames's
Diary, not even by his Titmarsh Sketches (clever
though all these things be, yet they are merely alla
giornata), but by his "Vanity Fair." Even should
the work never be concluded, the six parts already
published would be sufficient to secure him an
immortality. He is the Fielding of the nine-
teenth century. In the opening chapter of this
part we find Mrs. Bute Crawley in pos-
essir'n at Miss Crawley's, in Park-lane, doing
her best to frighten her relation into an illness and an
alteration of her will. In this project she has two
useful allies in Briggs, the companion, and Firkin,
the ladies' maid, both of whom hate Rawdon Crawley,
and whose services she has secured by promises :
" Who was the blundering idiot who said that ' fine
words butter no parsnips ?' Half the parsnips of so-
ciety are served and rendered palatable with no other
sauce, As the immortal Alexis Soyer can make more
delicious soup for a halfpenny than an ignorant cook
can concoct with pounds of vegetables and meat, so a
skilful artist will make a few simple and pleasing
phrases go farther than ever so much substantial bene-
fit•stock in the hands of a mere bungler. Nay, we
know that substantial benefits often sicken some sto-
machs ; vshereas, most will digest any amount of fine
words, and be always eager for more of the same food.
Mrs. Bute had told Briggs and Firkin so often of the
depth of her affection for them ; and what she would do
if she had Miss Crawley's fortune for friends so excel-
lent and attached, that the ladies in question had the
deepest regard for her ; and felt as much gratitude and'
confidence as if Mrs. Bute had loaded them with the
most expensive favours.
" Rawdon Crawley, on the other hand, like a selfish
heavy dragoon as he was, never took the least trouble to
conciliate his aunt's aides-de-camp, showed his contempt
for the pair with entire frankness—made Firkin pull off
his boots on one occasion—sent her out in the rain on
ignominious messages—and if he :gave her a guinea,
flung it to her as if it were a box on the ear. As his
aunt, too, made a butt of Briggs, the captain followed
the example and levelled his jokes at her—jokes about
as delicate as a kick from his charger. Whereas, Mrs.
Bute consulted her in matters of taste or difficulty, ad-
mired her poetry, and by a thousand acts of kindness
and politeness, showed her appreciation of Briggs; and
if she made Firkin a twopenny-halfpenny present, ac-
companied it with so many compliments, that the two-
pence-halfpenny was transmuted into gold in the heart
of the grateful waiting maid, who, besides, was looking
forwards quite contentcdly to someprodigious benefit
which must happen to her on the when Mrs. Bute
came into her fortune.
" The different conduct of these two people is pointed
out respectfully to the attention of persons commencing
in the world. Praise everybody, I say to such : never
be squeamish, but speak out your compliment both
point blank in a man's face, and behind his back, when
you know there is a reasonable chance of his hearing it
again. Never lose a chance of saying a kind word. As
Collingwood never saw a vacant place iu his estate but
he took an acorn out of his pocket and popped it in ; so
deal with your compliments through life. An ac,)rn
costs nothing; but it may sprout into a prodigious bit
of timber.
" In a word, during Rawdon Crawley's prosperity,
he was only obeyed with sulky acquiescence ; when his
disgrace came, there was nobody to help or pity him.
Whereas, when Mrs. Bute took the command of Miss
Crawley's house, the garrison there were charmed to
act under su,:h a leader, expecting all sorts of promo-
tion from her promises, her generosity, and her kind
words."
Mrs. Bute Crawley, however, rather overdoes her
part, and Miss Crawley is made really ill, so that to
keep her alive it is necessary she should take exercise
in the open air. She takes a drive in the Park,
and meets Rawdon and Rebecca. Under the
guidance of Mrs. Bute, she gives them
the cut direct, but Mrs. Bute, afraid to risk any more
such interviews, removes her to Brighton, where they
are followed by Rawdou and Rebecca. At Brighton
the whole dramatis persona of the tale are re-assem-
bled. George Osborne, contrary to the wishes of his
father, but, with the full assistance of Dobbin, has
married Amelia Sedly (whose father, the once rich
stockbroker, has become bankrupt), and is spend-
ing the honey-moon at Brighton, where he
meets with Rawdon and Rebecca, and where
he is soon after joined by Jos. His sisters have made
the acquaintance of the rich Miss Swartz (the mulatto
pupil at Miss Pinkerton's), and to her old Osborne
would fain see George united. George, however, as
we said before, has married Amelia, and is in
Brighton, at the same inn with Rawdon and
Rebecca.
" These two young couples had plenty of tales to
relate to each other. The marriages of either were dis-
cussed: and their prospects in life canvassed with the
greatest ft ankness and interest on both sides. George's
marriage was to be made known to his father by his
friend Captain Dobbin; and young Osborne trembled
rather for tne result of that communication. Miss Craw-
ley, on whom all Rawdon's hopes depended, still held
out. Unable to make an entry into her house in Park-
lane, her affectionate nephew and niece had followed
her to Brighton, where they had emissaries continually
planted at her door.
"' I wish you could see some of Rawdon's friends o
e
are always about our door,' Rebcca said, la
his
h whing,
• Did you ever see a dun, my dear ; or a bailiff and
man? Two of the abominable wretches watched all last
week at the greengrocer' lf aunty s oosite, and we could not
get away until Sunday. does not relent, what
shall we do?'
‘' Rawdon, with roars of laughter, related a dozen
amusing anecdotes of his duns, and Rebecca's adroit
treatment of them. He vowed with a great oath, that
there was no woman in Europe who could talk a creditor
over as she could. Almost immediately after their mar-
riage her practice had begun, and her husband found the
immense value of such a wife. They had credit in plenty,
but they had bills also in abundance, and laboured under
a scarcity of ready money. Did these debt-difficulties
affect Rawdon's good spirits? No. Everybody in Va-
nity Fair must have remarked how well
are comfortably and thoroughly in debt ; how they deny
themselves nothing ; how jolly and easy they are in their
minds. Rawdon and his wife had the very hest apart-
ments at the inn at Brighton; the landlord, as he brought
in the first dish, bowed before them as to his greatest cus-
tomers ; and Rawden abused the dinners and wine with
an audacity which no grandee in the land could surpass.
Long cust an, a manly appearance, faultless bill .ots
often aud
c;othes, and a happy fierceness of manner, w
help a man as much as a great balance at the banker's.
"The two wedding parties met constantly in each
other's apartments. After two or three nights, the gen-
tlemen of an evening had a little picquet, as their wives
sate and chatted apart. This pastime, and the arrival
of Joe Sedley, who made his appearance in his grand
open carriage, and who
replenishedwhoplayedafewgaßrniwesdaottibsillpiaurrelses
with Captain
somewhat, and gave him the benefit of that ready money
for which the greatest spirits are , sometimes at a
stand still.
So the three gentlemen walked down to see the
Lightning coach come in. Punctual to the minute, the
coach. crowded inside and out, the guard blowing his
accustomed tune on the horn—the Lightning came tear-
ing down the street, and pulled up at the coach-office.
"' Hullo I there's old Dobbin," George cried, quite
delighted to see his old friend perched on the roof ; and
whose promis' d visit to Brighton had been delayed until
now. • How are you, old fellow ? Glad you're come
down. Emmy 'll be delighted to see you,' Osborne
said, shaking his comrade warmly by the hand, as soon
as his descent from the vehicle was effected—and then
he added, in a lower and ag,itated voice, What's the
news ? Have you been in Rut,sell square ? What does
the governor say ? Tell Inc everything.'
" Dobbin looked very pale and grave I've seen
. ,
How's Amelia— t
rye Mrs.
brought
great news ; and that is—'
"' Out with it, old fellow,' George said.
We're ordered to Belgium. All the army
is goes—
Guars and all. Heavytop's got the gout, and mad
at not being able to move. O'Dowd goes in command,
and we embark from Chatham next
come with a shock
week.'
"This news of war could not but
upon our lovers, and caused all these gentlemen to look

THE COMIC HISTORY OF ENGLAND,
No, XII.
Merrily does Mr. a'Beckett take us through
lat the
earlier part of the reign of Henry"
Katherine) wil. He reeth
that "sad affair of the late Queen (K
great gusto, tells of the magnificence and fall of
Wulsey, and of the rise of Cromwell and Cranmer,
and concludes with this reflection.
" The contemplation of so much hypocrisy, in such
high. quarters, having put us so thoroughly off
out ot
patience that we are unable to proceed, we break
here with the remark, that tergiversation and treachery
have ever been common among even the highest in rank,
and so we fear they will continue to be until—ha !ha 1
-TUE END OF THE CHAPTER."

they finally decide in favour of
_conjuring. Mr..
Hamper succeeds in again fastening herself (1,1 fire l
Gudges. They decide on ascending the G:ert
St. Bernard the ladies to proceed v-a c Lar-
-a-bane, while Gudge and Christopher are
to pedestrianize. Gudge loiters behind, and at leng•le
loses his tv,;v and gets into the lower morrty, or
dead-house of the convent, where he is greatly
frightened by the ghastly appearance of the bodies of
those who have perished on the mountain. In his
terror he falls into a mountain-stream, and is with
great difficulty preserved by Christopher, who draws
him to a rock at the bottom of a ravine, where,
breathless and exhausted, they both sink to the
ground. Gudge is horror-stricken at the prospect of
death; he exhibits himself a most abject coward.
He is on the point of revealing to Christopher the
mystery of his birth, and the manner in which he
(Gudge) has wronged him, when they are rescued by
the monks and dogs, and brought to the Hospice.
Poor Bessy Payne gets into a sad scrape, and
Sir Frederick takes Fanny Hamper to the
ball at Richmond. Bessy accompanies them,
according to the rash promise she had given.
She has been obliged to refuse to accompany Sprouts
to Vauxhall, who is dreadfully indignant at the order,
which he had. obtained with much difficulty, being
lost, and still more at the secresy which Bessy is
obliged to preserve as to her intended exhibition, and
parts for the first time in anger. Fanny escapes
easily from the school, and enjoys the ball,
but on her return to Bellfield House is re-
ceived by the stately Mrs. Sadler, who has discovered
her absence. Sir Frederick abandons her in
the most heartless manner, and drives back Bessy to
London. Sprouts has spent a miserable and restless
night, and at past five o'clock sees Bessy get out
of a cab driven by a gentleman. " When she saw
him she uttered an exclamation of fear, and raised
her hands in an attitude of supplication. But Tom
caught her firmly by the arm, and in his terrible pas-
sion a word escaped his lips that he often and often
afterwards would have given worlds to have recalled
—a terrible word, that made poor Bessy shriek with
terror as she heard it, and then fall fainting at her
own door, white and senseless as marble." There
is an additional engraving also, in return for the one
. which was deficient last mouth.

INTERVENTION IN PORTUGAL.
We take the following documents from an immense
blue book published yesterday :
VISCOUNT PALMERSTON TO SIP. lIA7fIILTON SEYM
Foreign-office, Al ril Ste, 1547.
Sir,—Her Majesty's Government have taken into their
dliberete consideration the application which the Go-
vernment of Portugal has made to the Powers who w ere
parties to the Treaty of Quadruple Alliance in 1834 for
assistance under the stipulation of that treaty; and I
have to instruct you to state to the Portuguese Minister
for Foreign Affairs, that after the most attentive exami-
nation of the grounds upon which that application has
been founded, her Majesty's Government cannot per-
suade themselves that either the letter or the spirit of
the Quadruple Treaty can justly be deemed applicable
to the state of things now existing in Portugal.
The treaty of 1834 was concluded for two purposes.
The first purpose was to put an end to a war in regard
to the succession to the crown of Portugal, which bad
then been waged for some time between the Emperor
I)on Pedro, who contended for the rights of her present
Majesty, Maria 11., and the Infanta Don Miguel, who
had usurped the throne. The second purpose of that
treaty was of a similar kind, namely, to expel from the
Peninsula the Infante Don Carlos, who
disputed with
her present Majesty, Isabella 11., the succession to the
crown of Spain.
Both Don Miguel and Don Carlos were at the time
within the territory of Portugal, and at the head of
troops armed and organized for the purpose of support-
ing by force the pretensions of these two Princes.
Questions of disputed succession have
always been
deemed matters which might justly be considered as
involving the political interests of foreign states ;
and in such questions, wherever arising, the Powers of
Europe have from time to time, according as their inter-
ests impelled them, held themselves at liberty to take an
active part.
Spain and Portugal had in 1834 a common interest in
regard to those matters ; and Great Britain and France
thought it also conformable with their political views
to unite with Spain and Portugal for the expulsion
of the two Infantes from the Peninsula. But when
both the Infantes were finally so expelled.
of the stipulations of the treaty, and of its addi-
tional articles was, as regards armed interference in
the letter
the affairs of the Peninsula, entirely and completely
fulfilled.
If, however, either Don Miguel should re-appear in
Portugal, or Don Carlos in Spain, with a view to put
forward again, and support by force of arms, their
respective pretensions, the spirit of the Quadruple
Treaty would certainly be applicable to such a case ;
and it would be fitting that the four Powers who
were parties to that treaty should, in such an event,
enter into a concert, with a view to frame new articles
applicable to what might be the then existing state of
things.
But Don Miguel is not in Portugal ; nor has there
been any insurrection worthy of account iu his name
and in support of his pretensions to the crown.
The civil war which has now unhappily for nearly six
months afflicted Portugal has not sprung from the pre-
tensions of Don Miguel, nor did it originate with his
partisans ; it arose from very different causes, and among
a very different party.
The contest does not turn upon the question who shall
be Sovereign of Portugal, but upon the question who
shall be the responsible Ministers of the Crown in Por-
tugal, and by what principles of administration the
country shall be governed.
These questions are widely different from questions
of dynasty and succession.
These questions are purely domestic in their bearing,
and with them foreign Powers, except in very extreme
cases, cannot be entitled to interfere. And, although it
is certainly laid down by writers on the law of nations,
that when civil war is regularly established in a country,
and when the nation is divided into conflicting armies
and opposing camps, the two parties in such war may be
dealt with by outer Powers as if they were two separate
communities, and that such other Powers may take part
with one side or the other, according to their sympathies
and interests, just as they might in a war between se-
parate and independent nations ; yet the cases in which
such interference would be justifiable are rare, and it is
better and safer in general to leave each nation to decide
for itself upon questions which relate to its own internal
organization and interests.
If, therefore, on the one hand, her Majesty's Govern-
ment do not think themselves justly called upon, in
virtue of the stipulations of the Quadruple Treaty, to
interfere in the civil war now going on in Portugal,
nweiitthh e rth,
eon
gtehe he
roatlh e rp r
ihnacnd i
pl, e
ad o
wthhey
ich deemhav
have
t consistent
invariably
guided the policy of Great Britain in regard to such
matters, to afford unconditionally to the Queen of Por-
tugal direct assistance for the purpose of coercing that
part of the Portuguese ration which is now in armed re-
sistance to her Majesty's authority.
But the British Government, adverting to the close
connexion which ancient treaties have established be-
tween the Crowns of Great Britain and Portugal, and
bearing in mind the many and great interests by means
of which the relations of commerce have knitted to-
gether the two countries, cannot see with indifference
the calamitous condition to which the continuance of the
civil war is fast reducing the Portuguese nation, and
cannot but feel the most ardent desire to make every
possible effort to co-operate in bringing that war to
an end.
Her Majesty's Government do not assume to them,
selves the right or the competency to pass judgment
upon the events which occasioned the outbreak of this
civil war; but, seeing how long it has continued, what
divisions it has created amongst all classes of the people,
and considering, moreover, how large a portion of the
nation has taken a part in it, they are clearly of opinion
that these troubles cannot be finally or permanently
quelled by mere force of arms; and that even if the
Queen were to be enabled by foreign aid to put down for
the moment all open resistance to her authority, still no
permanent tranquillity could be hoped for in Portugal
unless the causes of discontent which have led to this
outbreak, and which have for so many months kept the
insurrection alive, should by the exercise of her Majesty's
royal authority be removed.
It seems, therefore, to her Majesty's Government that
the wisest course which the Queen of Portugal can pur-
sue is to make known to the insurgents her gracious
intentions for the future, and formally to call upon theta
to lay down their arms, and to return to their allegiance
to the crown.
It appears that the intentions of the Queen of Por-
tugal in this respect are such as befit a generous and
enlightened Sovereign, desirous of healing the divisions
which afflict her people, and of reuniting all classes and
parties of her subjects in loyal attachment to her person
and throne.
But it seems that her Majesty has been prevented
from acting upon the impulse of her own judgment by
the objections which have been made to such a course
by the Marshal Saldanha, who has declared his determi-
nation to resign his command of the army of operations
unless the Queen shall persist in endeavouring to put
down the revolt by force of arms. This determination
of Marshal Saldanha, of which it is not necessary for
her Majesty's Government to say what they think, no
doubt places the Queen of Portugal in great embarrass-
ment; because, while on the one hand it is scarcely pos-
sible for bar to furnish Marshal Saldanha with the mili-
tary means which would be necessary to enable him to
finish the civil war in the way in which he insists upon
adopting, on the other ham', it might he difficult for her
Majesty to find any other commander who would equally
enjoy the confidence of the troops, if the continued re-
sistance of the Junta should render further operations
necessary.
In this state of things the British Government, mindful
of the ancient alliance between the British and Portu-
uese Crowns, is induced to step forward and to offer its
assistance to her Most Faithful Majesty.
The Queen of Portugal is desirous of making known
to her revolted subjects at Oporto the gracious and
benevolent intentions which she is prepared to carry
into execution, as soon as they shall have returned to
their duty. Marshal Saldanha refuses to make that
communication. Her Majesty's Government will, if
desired, instruct Colonel Wylde to repair immediately
to Oporto for the purpose of making it.
Marshal Saldanha declares that he is unable to compel
the Junta to accept any terms, however reasonable, of
submission. Her Majesty's Government are prepared,
if the Junta should refuse the reasonable arrangements
which the Queen intends to make known to them, to
enter into concert with the Governments of France and
Spain, in order to settle the best means of affording to
her Most Faithful Majesty such effectual assistance as
may enable her to re-establish internal tranquillity in
her dominions.
The arrangements which her;Majesty's Government
understand the Queen of Portugal as having determined
to carry into effect immediately upon the submission of
the Junta, are the following:—
First,—A full and general amnesty for all political
offences committed since the beginning of October last;
and an immediate recal of all persons who, since that
non of the kingdom.
timsee,cloi
na vdelyb,Lentisneni
immediate
mouetdoiaf
tPeori.elvouorgeacalotinfoollnricpotfowlailtiiltchtah,letrhdeeaecseorsenteassi
cicnoofnnrvisnotigctaeattuiion of the Cortes as soon as the
up
which have been issued since the beginning of October
naoptphoeilnothmgeinngt
last,bellei Tsch thaiejodnrnddlsla,3rww' hw—ai hcnAhidc h are to take place without delay, shall
have been completed.
toofthaenpaArdty-
of the Cabrals, nor being members of
m iFn
iosut
rr
at ht
iloyn, ep
si
emdmoefdmi aetne
the Oporto Junta.
If her Most Faithful Majesty will formally
empower
Colonel
you to authorise Wylde to repair to Opoi .o, and
to announce to the Junta that it is her firm determina-
tion to carry these measures into execution, provided
they shall immediately lay down their arms and submit
to her authority, you are also empowered and instructed
by her Majesty's Government to authorise Colonel
Wylde, if he should find the Junta hesitate as to the
course which they should pursue, to intimate to the
Junta, in the first place, that these intentions of the
Queenof Portugal having been:declared though a British
officer, the Crown of Portugal is bound to that of Great
Britain to fulfil them with good faith; and, secondly,
that if the Junta should still continue the civil war, after
having been informed of these the gracious intentions of
their Queen, the British Government will concert with
the Governments of France and of Spain the best
means of affording effectual assistance to the Queen of
Portugal.
It being always, however, to be clearly understood be-
tween the British and Portuguese Governments, that if
such concert should become necessary, and if the revolt
should be put down by the measures so to be concerted,
the Queen of Portugal would equally carry into effect
ell the above-mentioned arrangements, on the termina-
tion of the insurrection, except tie regards the application
t the amnesty to those persons who might thus have
continued to carry on the civil war.
. Her Majesty S Uovernment, however, can entertain no
doubt thet when these just and generous intentions of
tier Must FA.ithful Majesty are made known by Colonel
Wylde to the 'IOW, tblo body will gratefully accept the

communication, and the civil war will at once be termi-
nated, whhout further effusion of Portuguese blood, and
without further deqructionof Portuguese property; and,
.

. _
if such should be the result, her Lf:jesty's Government
will derive the sinernst and most heartfelt pleasure
from having bren instrumental in bringing to pass so
harpy an event.
You are instructed to read this dispatch to the Por-
tuguese Minister for Foreign Affairs, and you „•ill give
him a copy of it, in order that he may the better be able
to bring under the consideration of his colleagues the
communication which it contains.—l am, &e.,
PALMERSTON.

VISCOUNT PALMERSTON To SIR HAMILToN SEYMOUR.
datei have Foreign-office, April 5, 1847.
Sir,—With
to rsetafetree, ntcheat toif
therem
3osthhoehrlddishpeaatehhy thisohfesi
t -
tion as to adopting the arrangement therein proposed,
you will employ all the arguments which }our own re-
flections and your knowledge of the condition of the
country and of the state of parties will naturally
suggest.
If the Portuguese Government should consent to adopt
the plan of proceeding which her Majesty's Government
have proposed, it is essentially necessary that you
should have some written record of her Most Faithful
Majesty's intentions, as set forth in my other dispatch,
before Colonel Wylde sets out for Lisbon; because it
would be in the highest degree improper that a British
officer should be the bearer of such an announcement to
the Junta, unless the Queen of Portugal had previously
pledged herself to the British Government on the matters
in question in such a manner as to make it impossible
for any of her Ministers, officers, and advisers after-
wards to break or evade any part of the engagement
so contracted towards her Majesty's Government.
The four conditions which are enumerated in my
other dispatch seem to her Majesty's Government to
provide for everything (with one exception, which I shall
presently advert to) which any reasonable Portuguese
could expect or wish for.
A general and full amnesty is the usual sequel of the
termination of a civil war, in which large numbers of
men of various classes have taken part; because to punish
all would in such cases be impossible, and to select par-
ticular individuals for punishment would, as savouring
more of personal vengeance than of even-banded justice,
be useless as an example and impolitic as a measure of
administration. Such an amnesty, however, would of
course not prevent the Queen from removing to the half-
pay list such of the commissioned officers of the regular
army now serving with the Junta as she might not wish
to retain on full pay; nor ought it to prevent the Queen
from removing, if she should think fit to do so, any mu-
nicipal or other civil officers who have taken part in the
revolt, and who hold their offices during pleasure from
the Crown; but there may be some persons falling
within this description who have followed the stream in
places in which they were employed, without having
been party leaders, and whom it may net be necessary or
useful to remove.
The recal of all persons sent out of the kingdom is a
measure of indispensable necessity. The persons to
whom this measure would apply are the Torres Vedras
prisoners and the Duke of Palmella.
It is needless to dwell upon the reasons which make
it indispensably necessary that the Torres Vedras pri-
soners should be brought back without the least delay.
With regard to the Duke of Palmella, it is to be ob-
served, that he was sent out of the kingdom without
having been guilty or even accused of any offence ; that
the manner in which the order was given him was calcu-
lated to wound his feelings deeply, and is known to have
done so. But the Duke of Palmella, from his rank, his
political station, and his ample fortune, is a person of
considerable importance in the country; and it is be-
lieved that the great body of the Portuguese nobility
resent very much the treatment which he has expe-
rienced. An invitation to the Duke of Palmella to
return, or a summons to him to resume his place in the
Chamber of Peers, would on this account be politic as
well as just.
The immediate re-establishment of the ordinary law,
and of the constitution of the country, is too obviously
necessary to require to be enforced by any argument,
and not a day should be lost atter the submission of the
Junta in revoking all the unconstitutional edicts which
have been issued since the resignation of the Palmelle.
Administration.
The sooner the Cortes can be convoked the better :
not a constituent assembly, but the ordinary Cortes, ac.
cording to the charter as it was in force before the
change of Ministry on the 6th of October ; and the elec-
ions should take place as soon as the insurgent forces

are disbanded, and the Queen's municipal officers have
been re- established in their proper authority in every
part of the country.
The immediate appointment of an administration
which, if it cannot command the confidence of the
country (and, divided as the nation is, this could be
hardly expected of any men). may yet not excite its
distrust, appears to be a measure of the most urgent
necessity, even if the civil war was to go on, and no
communication with the Junta was to take place. It is
easier for her Majesty's Government to say what men
ought not to form part of such administration, than to
suggest the names of those who might properly compose
it. It is manifest that! none of the Cabral party and no
members of the Oporto Junta should, in the present state
of things, be appointed to office.
I have said, in the earlier part of this dispatch, that
there is one arrangement which seems indispensable,
but which is not mentioned in my public dispatch
of this date ; and that is, the departure of M. Dietz
from Lisbon. Unless M. Dietz leaves Portugal,
all other arrangements, and all attempts to reconcile the
Court and the discontented part of the nation, will be

vain; and Colonel Wylde must not, under any circum.
stances, leave Lisbon for Oporto until M. Dietz has ein

barked and sailed for England. His departure is a sine
qua non condition of any step whatever on the part of
her Majesty's Government to interfere in any way in
the affairs of Portugal. It is needless to explain the
well-known reasons which render this lcondition indis-
pensable.
If Colonel Wylde is sent to Oporto, it is desirablethat
he should go thither by sea in one of her Majesty's
ships of war. He would in that manner appear at
Oporto more entirely as the representative of the British
Government and the organ of the Government at Lisbon
than if he entered Oporto from the camp of Marshal
Sandanha. He would of course communicate with Mar-
shal Saldanha, as occasion might require, after his
arrival at Oporto.
If it shoat be urged, as an objection to the course
recommended by the British Government, that it would
lead to the resignation of Marshal Saldanha, you will
observe that, according to this plan, that resignation
would become comparatively unimportant; because, if
the Junta submit, any general may be competent to
command an army which, in that case, will have no
military operations to perform; and if the Junta persist
in resistance, the concert which will follow between the
Queen of Portugal's allies will render the task of her
general so light and so easy that there are several offi-
cers in her service who would be competent to perform it.
It is most probable that the Junta will gladly accept
the communication to be made to them; but, even if some
portion of the Junta should be for holding out, there
can be no doubt that many of the leadicg men among
them, and the great majority of their followers, will
declare themselves satisfied with the announced arrange-

mints.
But the Court may demur. This is scarcely probable.
You will in that case respectfully, but firmly, represent
the desperate condition of the country, and the hope.
lessness of a successful and permanent termination o
the civil war by any means within their present corn
mand. But it once their Majesties could be rescued
from the advisers by whom their better judgments are
now shackled and controlled, and if they could be lef'
to the guidance of their own sound sense, and goo!
understandings, and just feelings, even without the aid
of a Ministry more worthy than the preseLt of their
confidence, no doubt can be entertained that they would
gladly avail themselves of an offer which, while it would
maintain unimpaired the honour and dignity of' the
Crown, would restore peace and tranquillity to their
dominions, and save the nation which they govern from
great and otherwise inevitable cala mity.l
ERam, &c.,
PALMSTON.

VISCOUNT PALMERSTON TO THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS
OF THE ADMIRALTY.
(Extract.)
Foreign-office, May 22, 1847.
I transmit for your information a copy of the protocol
of a conference which was held at this office yesterday
by the Plenopotentiaries of Great Britain, France, Spain,
and Portugal, and I have to signify to your Lordships
the Queen's commands that instructions should be given
to Sir William Parker in accordance therewith.
edl e r
at
manifestationan ky e ns u,
esuch
the
operationFrencho ft h e andmagarye
agreement
ea
nin.
itself
tisseohiff
It is an olject of much political importance that upon
h
every occasion in which any naval operation, however
trifling,th de
e impression
naval flag should, if possible, accompany the British, in
or
the three Governments may, by its moral effect, add to
be calculated to produce.
Sir William Parker will be the best judge of the man-
ner in which, when your Lordships' instructions reach
him, he can best give effect to the intentions of her
Majesty's Government; and it is the opinion of her
Majesty's Government that the fulfilment of their inten-
tions cannot be better secured than by leaving the man-
ner of carrying them into effect entirely to the discretion
of Sir William Parker. But his attention might be
directed to the expediency of immediately taking pos-
session of the steamers and other vessels now in the
service of the Junta, and of delivering over those
steamers and other vessels to the Queen's Government ;
and Sir William Parker might also bo desired to con-
sider the practicability of dislodging the troops of the
Viscouut Sa Bandeira from Satuval, either by an attack
from the sea-side, combined with a movement by the
Queen's troops on the land front, or by a single attack
by the ships of war.
It would, moreover, be desirable that the blockade of
Oporto should without loss of time be rendered effective.
The: ships of Great Britain, France, and Spain cannot,
indeed, according to the law of nations, be employed in
actually enforcing that blockade, by turning away mer-
chant vessels, either going in or coming out.
That function must be performed by the ships of war
har
at sa
übh
eN%l3,uhuibil
of the Queen of Portugal; but the British ships which
may be off the port may be of use in keeping the Por-
blockading force upon its proper ground.
tuguese
It is probable that a Spanish force will advance from
Salamanca, and descend along the right bank of the
Douro, in order to co-operate with the force under Mar-
;al ha of the left bank, and thus to cut off from
Oporto the supplies which that city now draws from the
productive country to the north of it.
There seems reason to expect that if this operation is
properly exuted by land, and if the blockade is effec-
tually enforceecd bv sea, Oporto will ere long be com-
pelled to surrender, by w ant of supplies, and without
bleodshed. But the altered position which the British
Government is now about to assume in regard to the
civil, war, by reason of Great Britain engaging in active

interference in that war, in concert with France and
Spain, instead of remaining., m she had liiihrrto done, a
pt.ssive events, may alter the conduct of the
Junta or of the pol-,ulace of Ooorto towards British resi-
dents in thst ei.y, and it will be nuct.ssary, therefore,
that immediate steps should be taken to give those
British r.sidents the means of removing themselves,
their families, and their movable property from Oporto,
if they should wish to do se.
It is much to tie desired that the objects which the
allies have in view may be accomplished without any
• assault of Oporto, and without the loss of life and blood-
shed which an attack upon that city, fortified and gar-
risoned as it now is, must occasion.

ORDER OF THE REDEMPTION.
Among the most illustrious sovereigns that have done
honour to Italy, the Princes of the House of Gonzaga
occupy the first rank. Fruitful in great captains, lite-
rary men, and poets, this ancient and noble House of
Gonzaga has deserved, in the highest degree, every
species of distinction, and has furnished to the heroic
and religious history of Italy its fairest pages. The city
of Mantua, which is the cradle of their infancy, and the
capital of their sovereignty, is now the honoured keeper
of the relics of those august Princes.
Invested with supreme command, the powerful Dukes
of Mantua have many times, at the head of numerous
armies, delivered Italy and the Holy Church from the
repeated attacks of the Northmen.
Rome was proud to reckon among her cardinals nine
Princes of the House of Gonzaga, who at different epochs
exalted the splendour of the purple of the Sacred Col-
lege, and invested it almost uninterruptedly, until Pope
Paul V., desiring to fill up the vacancy occasioned
by the death of one of them, raised to the Cardinalate
Prince Ferdinand, second son of Duke Vincent I.
All Italy hailed this nomination, and Mantua beheld
it with delight, because it was announced to her at the
same moment with the tidings of the marriage of Prince
Francis, elder brother of the new Cardinal, to the Princess
Marguerite, daughter of Duke Charles Emmanuel, of
Savoy. Duke Vincent was desirous of perpetuating the
memory of a day so auspicious to his house, by founding
a noble institution, and he thought be could not better
celebrate it than by associating it with his own joy as a
father and the head of one of the most powerful sove-
reign families of Europe, the name of the Redeemer of
the world, a precious relio of whom—the blood which
trickled through his veins—had for many centuries been
preserved in the city of Mantua.
It is known that Longinus, an Isaurian soldier, after-
wards crowned with the palm of martyrdom, having col-
lected a few drops of the blood of our Saviour Jesus
Christ, brought them to Mantua, and concealed them in
the ground, on the spot were now stands the church de-
dicated to St. Andrew. This sacred relic, after being
lost for several ages, was discovered by a revelation in
the reign of Charlemagne; and Pope Leo 111. having
learned the fact, repaired to Mantua, gathered up the
sacred blood, gave some particles of it to the Emperor,
and confided the sacred deposit to the devotion of the
Mantuans.
After this time, Italy, unceasingly attacked by the
Emperors of Germany, was ever and anon exposed to
the danger of becoming the prey of her enemies, arid
Mantua did not escape the general disaster; her pious
inhabitants, justly alarmed for the preservation of that
precious treasure, the object of their profound veneration,
deposited one portion of it in the church of St. Andrew
and another portion in that of St. Paul.
A century afterwards, all trace having been lost of the
places in which the precious blood was deposited, the
Apostle St. Andrew, in pity of the general affliction of
the Faithful, deigned to reveal to SL Adelbert the part
of his church in which a divine relic might be found.
Pope Leo IX. repaired, as his predecessor had done,
to Mantua, to consecrate the second and miraculous dis-
covery of the blood of our Divine Redeemer. It was an
occasion of general jubilee to all the Christian world;
and in the sequel many emperors, among whom were
Henry 111. in 1035, and in 1534 Charles V., contributed
by their grants and the concession of important
, privileges to the propagation of the worship of the blood
of our Lord Jesus Christ.
Lastly, the solemn suffrage of the Council held at
Mantua in 1459, in the presence of Pope Paul IL, con-
secrated the authenticity of the divine blood which sprang
from the bosom whence flowed our redemption.
- Duke Vincent 1., full of devotion for this precious
blood, as all his ancestors had been, gave the most striking
testimony of that devotion by instituting in the year of
Grace 1608, on the occasion of the marriage of his son
Francis, and the elevation to the Cardinalate of his other
son Ferdinand,, the Equestrian Order of the Redemp-
tion," or the " Precious Blood." Among other magnifi-
cent ornaments assigned to the new Knights, he decreed
that the collar of the order should be formed of an antique
emblem of Francis of Gonzaga, one of his ancestors, and
he composed it of many oval patens of gold, on which
verges of gold were engraven in relief in a creust of fire,
which patens were disposed alternatively with other
cartouches of the same form, bearing for device these
words, taken from the 138th Psalm ofDavid—
Domine I'robasti me.
To this collar was suspended a rich gold medallion, on
which was artistically engraved the ampulla, appearing
to contain three drops of the revered blood of the
Redeemer.
With the collar he prescribed a mantle and train
capitular and ceremonial of crimson satin, lined with
while, with large sleeves embroidered in golden creusets,
alternating with the device Domine Probasti me. It is
fastened at the shoulder with a cord of gold knotted in
front ; the under vestment, or just-a-corps, is of cloth of
silver damask, the pantaloons, stockings, and shoes being
all of crimson.
The creation of this pious Order could not fail to
obtain the high approval of the Sovereign Pontiff, who
ratified the clause of the decree of institution, by which
Duke Vincent declared himself and his legitimate suc-
cessors on the throne of Mantua, perpetual Grand
Masters of the Order of the Redemption.
(Here follow the thirteen articles of the Institution; a
fourteenth article prohibited the wearing of the insignia
of any other Order by the Knights, but this was, by an
ulterior disposition, removed.)
Duke Vincent then proceeded to the reception of the
Knights, and was himself invested with the insignia of
the Order by the Cardinal, his son Ferdinand, and re-
paired with great pomp to the church of St. Andrew,
with a numerous and brilliant assemblage following, in
which appeared the Cardinal, the Infanta Marguerite of
Saxony, as a bride, the Duchess of Mantua and Ferima,
the Princes of Sweden, &c., each of the recipients
having previously signed with his own hand a formal
engagement to observe the statutes.
The oath of the Knight and the act of induction
were accompanied with the greatest solemnity, and the
chief nobles of Italy were enrolled among the earliest.
This most honourable Order has never ceased to adorn
the breasts of the Princes of the august house of Mantua,
either at home or in exile, and it has recently been re-
stored by the Most Serene Prince Alexander, the present
direct and legitimate inheritor of all the rights and pre-
rogatives of the Sovereignty of the ancient Dukes of
Mantua. He has, in the terms of the statute, declared
himself Grand Master, and having introduced some
slight modifications demanded by the present period, the
venerable Order will hereafter consist of three classes of
unlimited numbers : Grand Crosses, Commanders, and
Knights, with differing insignias.
The Grand Master has annexed to the Order that of
the " Ladies," created in 1668 by Eleanor of Gonzaga,
Empress of Austria, under the name of the Noble
Order of the Cross, divided into two classes, ',idles
Grand Crosses, with the coronet and title of Countesses,
and Ladies Chevalieres, with the title and coronet o'
Viscountesses. They have a special costume and in
signia, resembling in a great degree the decoration of the
Knights.—The

THE LATE CATASTROPHE ON THE NORTH
WESTERN RAILWAY.—WOLVERTON, WEDNESDAY.—This
forenoon Captain Coddington, the Government inspector of
railways, arrived at Wolverton, and investigated the circum-
stances connected with the late fearful and fatal collision.
The gallant Captain made a minute examination of the
points at which the train entered the siding, the exact dis-
tance of which from the Wolverton station is stated to be
580 yards. After completing his survey, he pursued his way
to Liverpool, it was understood, to attend the adjourned in-
quest with regard to the falling in of the Dee bridge. Captain
Coddington had a long interview with Captain Bruyeers and
other high officials of the railway, at the London terminus,
before he started for Wolverton, but none of them accompa-
nied him to the scene of the accident. The whole of the
bodies of the sufferers have been removed by their friends for
interment, the last one waiting for identity being this morn-
ing recognised as that of Mr. H. Smith, solicitor, of Birming-
ham. The report as to the condition of the parties injured
is that they are progressing favourably ; some of them, it is
believed, will be able to attend the adjourned inquest.' The
company have directed that all the funeral expenses of the
sufferers should be charged to them.
PROPERTY AND INCOME TAx.—Since we drew
public attention to this subject, on the 15th cf May last, we
under-tand the Basinghall-street Commissioners have had a
most searching inquiry and investigation into the system of
surcharges, and have inflicted most summary justice on one
of their officials; but, if all we hear is true, their vengeance
has fallen upon a minor offender when compared with an
officer connected with the Stamps and Taxes, who has been
in receipt of no less a sum than 6001, arising from the
poundage allowed by Government out of the City income-
tax ! We wait the decision of the Board before we make
further comment, but it is quite impossible this tax can be
renewed until Parliament has inquired into the whole pro-
ceedings connected with what has been taking place during
the last three months in Basinghall-street.—Times.
THE GALLERY OP CLAUDIt7S TARSAL, ESQ.--
The private view of a collection of pictures, which is about
being submitted to the hammer by Messrs. Christie and
Manson, took place yesterday. The collection was formed
on the continent by Mr. Tarral, and comprises fifty-six
works, none of which, with a single exception, have before been
in this country. Nearly one half were procured at the sale
of the celebrated gallery ot Cardinal Fescb. They are prin-
cipally by Italian and Dutch masters, and some of them are
of considerable merit. We would particularly mention " The
Judgment of Paris," by W. Mieris. A " Nativity," by
Mengs ; " Lot and his Daughters," by Jan Steen ; and some
exquisite landscapes by Wynants, Fred. Dloucheron, Decker,
and Ruisdael.
ROYAL BEULAH SPA GARDENS, NORWOOD.

„......._
Yesterday these beautiful gardens were opened for the sum-
mer season. The grounds are very extensive, and are laid
out with skill and taste. In addition to the usual attractions
to be met with at places of this description, the far-famed spa
well entitles Beulah to a visit. There is a plentiful supply
of water from the spring, and it is said to possess highly
medicinal qualities. The situation of the gardens altogether
is charming; and from some of the elevations a magnificent
view may be had of the surrounding country, which just now
looks very lovely. We regretted to see so small au attend-
ance of visitors as yesterday graced the grounds, a circum-
stance owing, probably, to the want of sufficient publicity
having been given to the opening.
MERTHYR JUNE B.—lt is currently rumoured !o-
day that we shall have a sharp contest here the ensuing_
election, as the Earl of Bective is corning forward as
didate under the influence of his father-in-
man Thompson, and Mr. Crawahav,
of Cyfarthia astle, Merthyr, and Mrt..:
Plymouth Lodge, and other influcp 1
borough. of C°Aentshony Hill, et
lap'br'ain Park and
email itt the