The Sun.
London, England, 1847-06-21 00:00:00

'/)IM4

LONDON, MONDAY, JUNE 21, 1847.

Sir CHARLES NAPIER has announced his determi-
nation to come forward again at the ensuing election,
us a candidate for the representation of Marylebone.
We congratulate the constituents of this metropolitan
borough upon the certainty of not losing 3 Parlia-

mentary advocate so assiduous and so earnest as the
Gallant Admiral, the hero of Acre.
Delay is about the most inexcusable blunder in any
constituency, when there are so many probabilities
of a speedy dissolution of Parliament. Preparation
should be made for the electioneering contests which
are inevitable thereupon at the first dim intimation of
an appeal to the country. And let it be remembered
that the earlier the preparation the less expense will
be entailed upon the constituency, and the greater
security there will be that their political views will be
forwarded with intelligent discrimination in the deli-
berations of the Senate at Westminster.

Any individual possessed of the prerogative of
the elective franchise, who procrastinates his
selection of the candidates until the last moment,
is culpable, not only as to his personal rights, but
as to the whole collective rights of the commu-
nity. In leaving his vote upon the balance, as it were,
during the preliminary period when a calm and dis-
passionate choice can be made, and allowing it in the
end to be joltered over to either side in the turmoils
of the final day of the political battle, the elector
evinces a greater amount of recklessness than the
gambler who stakes a plum upon the possible stop-
ping-spot of the roulette ball. For seven years he
renders himself incompetent to influence the move-
ments of the Government ; for seven years he
abandons the most important problems of con-
temporary legislation to the caprice of a carelessly
selected Member. Let it be remembered that, sup-,
posing the new Parliament were assembled in the en-
suing August, the decision of the people might not be
revoked until August 1854 ! The responsibility,
therefore, that presses forcibly upon every consti-
tuent in the United Kingdom is grave beyond
exaggeration. The bounden duty of every consti-
tuent is already to be on the alert, especially at this
particular crisis, when so many vital and interesting
points of administration are on the eve of a perma-
nent settlement. None of these points should be
overlooked or forgotten. Foremost amongst
them all, as affording a rational founda-
tion for effecting a comprehensive ameliora-
tion of the condition lot- the multitude, is un-
questionably the subject of sanatory improvement.
Next in the order of social advancement is the orga-
nization of a proper and universally-applicable sys-
tem of national education. Upon the principle that
" Cleanliness is next to godliness" we give the priority
to the former means of elevating the poorer classes
from the abysses of moral and physical degradation ;
for having purified their tenements by wholesome
ventilation, by sufficient drainage, by adequate sup-
plies of water, by a reasonable admission of light, and
the general establishment of baths and wash-
houses, and capacious parks, the State will

have opened, as it were, grooves and chan-
nels for the conduct of knowledge among the
masses. These things must by no means escape the
recollection of the thousands who are possessors of
the elective franchise, nor must it be forgotten that
the whole criminal code of the empire requires in an
especial way the revising wisdom of the most com-
petent legislators. The currency, again, is a matter
which the constituencies of England must especially
take into consideration, as upon its judicious re-
arrangement depends the commercial prosperity, we
had almost said the commercial existence, of the
nation. Ireland, again, and religious disabilities, are
subjects demanding the most rigid and consistent
scrutiny.
The catechism of the hustings must be conducted
upon a plan altogether dissimilar from that heretofore
prevalent. Party, be it observed for the hundredth
time, is shattered to atoms ; the old vocabulary of
political distinctions has become obsolete. Candidates
must be judged not so much by the names of political
classification as by their independent views upon the
different questions of legislation. Of the peculiar
views entertained by such tried men as Sir CHARLES
NAPIER and Sir B. HALL no doubt whatever can
exist, and consequently the choice of the Liberal
electors of Marylebone is obvious.

After a lengthened discussion the House of Com-
mons on Friday decided upon going into Committee
on the Health of Towns' Bill, the Government being
supported by the commanding majority of 141.
From the interest we have so long taken in promoting
the question of sanatory reform, we rejoice at the in-
fluential decision to which the representatives of the
people have at length come upon this important sub •
ject. The excellence of the object sought to be at-
tained by Lord MORPETII'S measure is beyond the
pale of controversy. All the objections presented in
Friday's debate for not proceeding with the Bill,
were, therefore, necessarily directed against its ma-
chinery. The motive for its introduction was nit.
impeachable. The objections, however, that were
taken—though from their nature, if entitled to any
weight at all, the proper time for raising them would
have been in Committee—broke down one after an•
other under the salient replies and explanations that
were mutually given by Lord J. RUSSELL and Lord
MORPETIL Centralisation, patronage, and the
omission of the city of London from its provisions,
constituted the main points of resistance offered to the
progress of the measure. With respect to the first,
if it were valid as an argument, then should many
public institutions, at present in beneficial operation
for the community at large, be forthwith remodelled.
We recollect that similar strictures were made in
Parliament when the present police force was first
proposed to be constituted. It was then said, as now,
" leave the people to manage their own affairs;" but it
was then rejoined, as it was last night observed,
by the Premier, that experience showed that local
bodies could not be entirely trusted for adopting re-
gulations for the efficient protection of life and pro-
perty ; and then, in accordance with what is now in-
tended in regard to sanatory reform, the city of
London obtained a separate Act for the management
of its own police. But does any man throughout the
empire desire the repeal of the Police Act on account
of the principle of centralisation on which it is bated ?
We venture to say, nut one. It answers admirably
all the purposes for which it was passed, which, it is
obvious (or, at any rate, experience imparts the
greatest strength to the presumption) it never would
have done, in the absence of the controlling powers
incorporated in the Act.
With respect to the objection of patronage
created under Lord MORPRTH'S Bill, it is clear that,
if its object be worthy of being compassed by
enactment, certain public officers must be appointed.
When any general measure of reform is needful to
the public welfare, it is inevitably incidental to the
same, that its execution must be intrusted to persons
specially nominated by the Government, by virtue of
the authority of the Legislature, conferred pro re natii.
The only consideration, then, for the House of Com-
mons, as effecting Lord Moapatu's Bill, in reference
to patronage, is, whether it is proposed to carry it to
an extent beyond what is required for the efficient
operation of the scheme. This has not been shown ;
and, inasmuch as the objection comes alone from
Colonel SIRTHORP, who rejoices in blissful solitude,
it may be presumed that the proposition of the Go-
vernment in this respect is beyond the reach of any
reasonable exception.
Lastly, as regards the city of London and its
omission from the Bill, the answer of Ministers is
fraught with practical wisdom. They think, as
every one must, that it would have been better to
have had it included. But, first, the citizens of Lon-
don, a powerful body, are opposed to such an ar-
rangement; next, the session is too far advanced for
the Government to risk the success of a general meat•
sure of vital importance to the preservation of the
public health, by fighting through twenty or thirty
additional clauses, which it would be necessary to
pass,",provided the city of London were not excluded.
t,
Fever and disease of various kinds are making fearful
inroads in different parts of the empire. Mortality is
already lamentably above the average, compared with
w.:itirt Vigorous 'Ooupledrabteionw. were proper sanatory measures
ing o
If Lord NloaPETtes Bill were passed
to-morrow, a
considerable period would elapse before the necessary
plans and surveys could be completed ; so that any
undue procrastination in -
what quarter it may, only
ings of millions of our hard-working
passing it, come from
aggravates the suffer-
and poverty-
stricken population. Their health and stren strength
are daily wasting beneath the blighting effects gof
their miserable, ill-ventilated, undrained, and noisome
habitations. Well might the knowledge of the
wretched lot of the masses of his impoverished country-
men induce Lord MORPETH, in his pathetic speech of

Friday, " to mix actual entreaty with his appeal to
the House of Commons to make immediate progress
in the great work of sanatory reform."

In Oriental tales we read of absolute potentates,
who, not content with punishing in an exemplary
manner the actual perpetrator of any heinous offence,
were also accustomed to put his nearest relatives to
death—to sell the more distant connexions to slavery,
and to raze even the foundations of his house, so that
no record should remain of the criminal. In the
earlier ages, and in uncivilised countries, the same
principle was generally adopted. The death of the
guilty person alone was not considered a sufficient
expiation unless his innocent family were involved in
one common destruction. Every person was, therefore,
not merely responsible for his own actions ; it
was not sufficient that he should be a good and faithful
subject, an honest and industrious citizen, well and
efficiently discharging all the duties incidental to his
social position, of approved integrity, and beyond the
reach of reproach or calumny. All might be insuffi-
cient to shield him from the penalties of that law, which
should have been his protection, but which was turned
into an instrument of oppression and persecution, if
he, unhappily, numbered amongst his kindred an
evil-disposed or badly conducted person. As civili-
sation increased, and more just and equitable notions
prevailed, the gross injustice of this system became
manifest, the more obvious and direct punish-
ments were wholly removed. A child could
not be imprisoned because his father had violated
the law ; a woman could not be brought to the
gallows because her husband had committed a mur-
der ; but, even to this day, in our own England—in
the country which arrogates to itself a prominent
position in the scale of nations—which prides itself on
its stern and undeviating justice to all—a similar ini-
quity is indirectly sanctioned, and the crimes of the
tethers are indeed visited on their helpless and in-
offensive children, or on the almost heart-broken
widows, who have never been even suspected of a
participation in their husband's misdeeds. We are
accustomed to boast of the excellence and purity of
our laws and constitution, and it is only when some
monstrous case is brought prominently forward, and
laid bare before the public in all its enormity, that
we perceive how urgently reform and revision is re-
quired, and how harsh and oppressive may be the
operation Gf the law.
Among the relics of barbarism still suffered to
exist, and to inflict an indelible stain on our juris-
prudence, is the law relating to escheats and forfei-
tures. Practically they are seldom enforced, the
Crown generally waiving its rights and restoring to
the parties entitled (subject, however, to a heavy
deduction for legal expenditure) the property
which had belonged to an attainted person.
This, however, is a matter of favour and
not of right, an indulgence which need not
be conceded, and which is frequently delayed,
although not often absolutely denied. Why, then,
should the law be retained in its present objectionable
state, more particularly when it is so seldom enforced ?
Why should the feelings of the surviving friends be
again harrowed, their wounds re-opened, and the
public mind again disturbed by a renewal of pro
ceedings in a case in which the offender had already
suffered the extreme penalty of the law, and had sur-
rendered his forfeit life in expiation of his offence ?

We have been led to these remarks in consequence
of the proceedings which took place on Thursday, at
Hertford, under a commission of escheat, in
relation to the property of the late JOHN
TAWELL, who was executed in the month of March,
1845, at Aylesbury, for the murder of SARAH
HART. The Senior Commissioner explained the law
to the jury, " that a felon's heritable blood was de-
stroyed, and that his lands and tenements at once de-
scended to the Crown, from the day of the commis-
sion of the offence, and his goods and chattels from
the day of his conviction." According to this prin-
ciple, we find that if his guilt was for some time con-
cealed, and that he subsequently, and before it was
discovered, disposed of real estate to a bon(' fide
purchaser for full and valuable consideration, that
still it would become the property of the
Crown, and that innocent purchaser would lose
the property he had fairly acquired, and the
money he had paid fur it. This would indeed be the
innocent suffering for the guilty. It is no answer to
say that such a claim would never be enforced on the
part of the Crown ; why should there be the possibi-
lity of committing so grievous an injustice under the
sanction and colour of law? Again his heritable blood
is destroyed, his children would be unable to de.
rive title, through their guilty lather, to property
which might otherwise descend to them from a more
distant relation. Surely this is a most inequitable
provision, their rights as citizens are taken away ;
they are not merely deprived of their father's pro-
perty, which they ought to obtain, but they
are prevented from inheriting from others, in
fact they are practically rendered illegitimate.
IVe trust that amongst the many legal reforms
that are about to be brought forward, a total
abolition of this law may be one of the earliest.
In the present case, the harshness of the pro-
ceeding seems to have been greatly aggravated
by compelling the widow, a lady, who had ever
maintained the most irreproachable character, to come
forward as a witness, in fact, to give evidence against
her own rights and interest. The deepest sympathy
was manifested on every side for the unfortunate
lady, who appeared greatly affected at her painful
position. The total value of the property forfeited,
under the present proceeding, would appear to be
about 8,0001. We trust that the just claims of the
widow, and also of the children of the wretched
malefactor, may be admitted by the Government,
and the forfeiture remitted in their favour. By so doing
they will merit and receive the public approbation.

Madrid journals of the 12th have arrived.
The Gageta publishes an official announcement of
the abandonment of Viana, Isua Munzon, and Puenta
de Leine, by the forces of the Junta of Oporto, and
of their occupation by Spanish troops. In the same
number we find a royal decree conferring the title of
Duke of SARAGOSSA on Don JOSE DE PALAFOX,
Captain• General of the Spanish army, and his heirs.

The Clamor Publico states that Senor SALAMANCA

has determined to offer for sale those properties be-
longing to Don CARLOS, and those belonging to the
order of St. John of Jerusalem, which have been con-
fiscated to the service of the State.

The Correo (SALAMANCA'S organ) declares that the
Government has never entertained any intention to
permit the free importation of English cotton goods.
The Faro states that the QUEEN'S visit to La
Granja is indefinitely postponed.
There were rumours in Madrid of an intended
modification of the Cabinet. It was said SALAMANCA,
MAZZAREDO, and BENAVIDES would retire.
The Three per Cents. closed on the 12th inst. at 301
for cash; the Four per Cents. at 18; the Five per Cents.
at 18; the Passives at 51; and Coupons at 15.

--
We have received the Paris papers of Thursday.
The motion of M. DEMESMAY for a reduction of
the duty on salt, was carried on Wednesday in the
Chamber of Deputies by a majority of 250; the num-
bers being—For the motion, 264 ; against it, 14. On
this subject the Conslitutionnel says—
" The Ministry experienced on Wednesday one of the
most remarkable Parliamentary defeats that a Govern-
ment ever sustained. It was in vain that M. Dumon,
the Minister of Finance, and M. Duchatel, Minister of
the Interior, successively rose to combat the proposition
for the reduction of the salt duty. It was in vain that
they endeavoured to obtain the adjournment of the
question by promising to introduce a measure on the
subject next year. The proposition was adopted by a
majority so compact that the Ministers themselves
dared not rise in their places against it. The ballot
showed a minority of only 14 votes against 264. The
new Minister of Finance occupied the tribune for nearly
an hour. His arguments were directed to prove that
the increased consumption of salt would not compensate
for the diminution of the revenue, and he promised to
make further calculations, and, as we have already said,
to present a Bill on the subject next year. M. Dupin,
in an animated extempore address, did full justice to
the arguments of the Minister of Finance, and asked
who it was who had brought our finances into the posi-
tion in which we find them? M. Duchatel did not wish
to leave the Chamber under the impression produced by
M. Dupin's animated attack. He endeavoured to jus-
tify the financial management of the Ministry, and
drew a brilliant picture of the advantages to be derived
from the execution of public works. In what way do
Ministers propose now to act? No doubt they propose
to bury the measure in the Chambers of Peers. There
is, however, a promise made, and a Chamber which
will demand its performance. But how can they give
satisfaction to public opinion in presence of a deficiency
of a0,000,000f. evident in the budget for the year
1848 ?"
•
The Presse, too, raises its " song of triumph" over

THE SUN, LO_NDON, MONDAY MORNING, JUNE 21, 1847

M. GUIZOT, and asserts, that after such a vote a
[ British Cabinet would have resigned immediately.
That the Cabinet of M. Guator entertains no such
1 intention is, however, evident from the following
Ministerial manifesto, which appears in the Journal
des Daats :
" The Chamber of Deputies have adopted, by a very
great majority, the proposition for a reduction of the
duty on salt. This result will surprise no one. We ex-
pected it, for our part, and the Government without
doubt expected it also. Last year the Chamber, by a
majority of 240 votes against 26, declared itself in favour
of the adoption of the reform, contrary to the opinion of
the Government, which did not believe circumstances to
be opportune; yet they were much more so than they are
this year! The Government did not forget this remark-
able and solemn vote; there is nothing forced in the word.
It knew that the greater part of the Deputies, that the
greater part of the Conservative Deputies especially, had
formal engagements with their constituents on this im-
portant question. It could, therefore, labour under no
illusion! it could not hope that the Chamber, denying its
previous conduct and its promises, would consent to the
adjournment of the reform. Nevertheless it opposed the
immediate adoption and advised the adjournment, which
it knew to be impossible. Why ? It combatted, not for
success, but for principle. It did not believe that it wa.
permitted to it to associate itself with a resolution which
circumstances rendered in its eyes imprudent, or at least
premature. Its duty and that of the Chambers are dif-
ferent in this sort of affairs. The Chamber does not
govern. as was well said by M. Dupin ; it does not bear
the responsibility of its decisions, and has not the em-
barrassments ti.-* their consequences. If the reduction
of the tax on salt makes a void of 50,000,000 f. in the
Treasury, it is not the Chamber which must find
means to replace it. If difficulties and embarrassment
of affairs result therefrom, it will not have to submit
to the one or remove the other ; it will wash its
hands of it, and affairs must be carried on. In a
word, the Chamber is only bound to see the questions
it discusses ; the Government must embrace them all,
study them one in relation to the other ; resist the se-
duction of such a one, in order not to excite compli-
cations in the conduct of several others which are not less
important to the country. We understankthen perfectly
well that the Government did not think it rightl to cede
to the same movement as the Chamber. At bottom, it
knows that the reform is just, useful, necessary. It did
not believe that it could, by consenting to its immediate
adoption, give an example of imprudence which the
financial circumstances in which we are placed causes it
to regard as dangerous. In short, the Government has
observed this year the same conduct as it did last year,
and it had better reasons for doing so this time. It has
been consistent, like the Chamber. The Opposition will
not fail to find in this conduct of the Government the
pretext for numerous and, without doubt, violent accu-'
sations. Suppose that the Government, at the com-
mencement of the sitting, had come to declare, through
the Minister of Fin,lnce,tliatit accepted the proposition;
it would have thereby acquired an immense popularity.
The Opposition would have found itself reduced to the
necessity of proclaiming that; the Ministry, as we be-
lieve at least, would not have been insensible to that
glory; but it has preferred to fulfil the austere duty that
circumstances, in its opinion, imposed on it. We do not
find that there is reason to blame it."
The same journal announces that, on the 10th inst.,
the Queen of PORTUGAL published a proclamation
granting a full and. entire amnesty to the insurgents.
The discussion on the report of the Committee
appointed to consider the request of the Chamber of
Peers to examine M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN at the bar
of their House, was fixed for Thursday.
The Union lifonarchique says that the Committee
on Petitions of the Chamber of Deputies has unani-
mously resolved to refer the petition of Prince
JEROME BONAPARTE, praying for the abrogation of
the laws which condemn his family to exile, to the
President of the Council (Marshal Soma) and to the
Council of Ministers.
The National has the following on the virtual re-
jection of the petition of the Prince by the Chamber
of Peers. :

" We cannot pass over in silence the discussion in the
Chamber of Peers on the petition presented for Jerome
Bonaparte. The petitioner had innumerable reckon-
ing on the sympathy of the Peers. If we were to name
all the men in this Assembly who have taken an oath of
eternal fidelity to the Emperor, and all who owe to
him their titles, their fortunes, and even their fame,
we should take in nearly the whole of the Members of the
Chamber. It seemed then inevitable that the petition
shouli be referred to the President of the Council of
Ministers, and this was what some speakers, whose elo-
quent language revived glorious souvenirs proposed.
But the Ministers entreated that the petition might not
be referred to them ; and, after having crowned Prince
Jerome with funereal eulogiums, they politely threw
his petition into the dusty cartons, where it now lies
interred. We can be but little suspected of sympa-
thy for kings, princes, or pretenders. But there are
examples of ingratitude which we cannot allow to
pass over without reflection. To whatever shade of
opimion one belongs, astonishment must be felt that
the companions in arms of Jerome—that the Generals
who beheld him fighting with so much courage at Wa
terloo —that the law officers, who had sworn fidelity to
tie Emperor, that the administrators who had served
him, should not recommend this petition to the Ministry?
Was not that a natural consequence of their past career,
a duty to themselves, an act of gratitude to the memory
of Napoleon? It remained for the Goverment to decide;
but could the ?eers dispense with expressing a wish that
the sun of Fiance should be restored to the Napoleon
family? The most timid might be tranquil about the
result: but the man of Ghent will not absolve the
soldier of Waterloo. The strange language of some
Peers is worthy of remark. M. Dormant, for instance,
asked if the petitioner had first applied to the King—it
he had sent in an act of submission. There is a legis-
lator for you! The abolition of a law is demanded, and
a member of the legislative body exclaims—‘ If the King
has not ben first applied to, I shall vote for
the order of the day.' Another Peer does the
same ; and a General, an old Carbonaro, is lost
in his expressions of obsequious prostration Let us
leave the matter, said he •to the King's heart. I care
little about constitutional forms ; it is in the King's
heart that I place my trust ; yes, gentlemen, let us let
the King act ; and if prudence will permit the prayer of
the petition to be granted, his heart will not hesitate.'
But royalists of fresh date that you are, the matter in
hand is to revoke an existing law. Is it a grace that
the Napoleon family demands ? Do they kneel down
before the junior branch of the Bourbons ? No—they
demand to have a law abrogated. When a law presses
heavily on any one, he does not demand favour from it ;
he undergoes its effects, and demands its abrogation.
Any other course would not be worthy of respect ; and
if we have insisted on this petition, it is precisely be-
cause it has followed the direct line—because it has
struck at the door of the established powers, having no
other ambition, but to attract public attention. France
is sufficiently powerful and sufficiently sure of herself to
fear nothing from pretenders."

The prospects of the harvest still continue to be
most flattering, notwithstanding which, however, the
holders of grain demanded an advanced price in the
Paris corn market on Saturday, a demand with
which the buyers refused to comply, and, conse-
quently, scarcely any business was transacted. Wheat
of inferior quality could scarcely be disposed of at
any price.

A fall in the Three per Cents., and on the shares of
some of the railroad companies, took place on the Paris
Bourse on Thursday. This decline was generally as
cribed to the vute of the Chamber of Deputies on the
salt question; but while the Three per Cents. fell 10
centimes the Five per Cents. rose 15 centimes. Again,
Marseilles and Avignon shares fell from 730 f. (the
closing prices of Wednesday) to 7121 f. Northerns fell
from 595 f. to 586 ff. Vierzon fell sf. The shares of the
other companies drooped, but did not fall in such pro-

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
(From The Sam of Saturday.)
In the Liverpool Cotton market the sales this week
have been 36,400 bales. The stock is 502,070 bales
against 741,000 bales at this time last year. Yesterday
7,000 bales were purchased, of which 2,000 were for
export.—The Share market was very quiet, and with
but a small business doing.
There are no ship arrivals with later news, but we
have plenty of vessels in, richly laden with food of all
descriptions.
The Bank of England return for the week, to the 12th
instant, shows a general extension of operations, al-
though the active circulation of notes has been dimi-
nished a little. The main points are these :
Notes issued £23,592,925
Increase
Rest, increase
Public deposits, increase
Other deposits, increase
Seven-day and other bills, increase 5,607
Other securities, increase .. 767,974
Notes reserved, increase
Bullion
Increase
The Government securities lodged in the banking de
partment remained at the previous amount.
In the Funds there is not much doing to day, but
prices are still advancing after the check received on
Thursday, and with fine weather many expect they will
go higher. Others contend that there are parties ready
to realise profits to some extent, and that this, tempora-
rily at least, will lead to are action. Consols have been
88i- I, and the scrip is marked premium. New Three-
and• a-Quarter per Cents. are 901 I. Exchequer-bills
continue at 7s. to 10s. premium. Bank Stock is firm
at 196.

Foreign Stocks are very dull again. Portuguese Four
per Cents. have been 32 to I. Mexican Bonds are 20-4.
13raz11 New Stock is at 83. Dutch Two and-a Half per
Cents. have realised 58k.
Railway Shares are all looking up again.
witaisti FUNDS. ONE CLOSING
O'CLOCK. PRICES.
['twee per Cent. Reduced Annuities .. 88% Ni 88
New Three-and-a• Quarter per Cent. Anna. 90% 9014
ong Annuities, Expire Jan. 5, 1860 - - 9 1-16
Bank Stock .. • 196

.. .. .. .. 196

Consols for Opening, July 16 .. .. .. 88% %
Three per Cent. Consols, Scrip .. .. . 'A P
ExchequerlllllB. lii d. 2d.
1,0001... .. .... 710 p 10 p
500 T.., .. .... ti 14 p 14 p
Ditto, Small —. .... 14 20 p 20 p
ONE CLOSINt,
O'CLOCK. TRICES.

FOREIGN FUNDS.
Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent .. ..
Ditto, for the Account .. . • ..
Ditto, New Bonds. 1829 and 1839 .. 83
Chilian Bonds, 6 per Cent .. .
Ditto, 3 per Cent .. 52
Danish, 3 per Cent -. 84%
Mexican Bonds, 1846, 5 per Cent .. 20%
Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent .. ..
Ditto, 4 per Cent ..
Ditto, for the Account .. 32%
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Dutch Two-and-a-lialf per Cent .. 58%
PRICES OF BUSINESS CLOSING
DONE
RAILWAY SHARES.
PAID.
ONE O' AT
CLOCK. PRICES
Birmingham and Oxford Junction 10 .... 1754 17%
Binning., Wolver.,& Stour Valley 8 .. 8% . 8%
Bristol and Exeter • • .. .. 75 .... ..........
Ditto, New .. .. 15 .... 14 .... • ..... 14
Buckinghamshire .. 61.45.... 1 di5..... •• • • T. dis.
Caledonian .. 35 .... 30% 30%
Ditto, Half Shares 2% 2 .....
Eastern Counties .. .. 20 .... 20.34% ........
Ditto, York Extension .. 7% .... 6
Eastern Union .. .. 50 .... ..........
Great Northern .. 2% )4 .•
Great North of England . ..100 .... 234 •••• • •
Great Western .. 85 . .
Ditto, Half Shares .. .. 50 .... 70 69%
Huddersfield and Manchester .. lb
Hull and Selby .. .. 50 ....
Ditto, Quarter Shares .. 125 .... 23 • • 23
Lancaster and Carlisle .. .... 625 . 625
Leeds and Bradford .. .. .. 40 .... .. •••• • • • • 871 A
Leicester and Bedford 16s. dis .... • • % dis.
Leeds and Thirsk 26 .... 20
Ditto, Preference 6 per Cent. • • 3%
Liverpool, Crosby, and Southport 2 .... •• • •
Liverp., Manch., & Newc. Junct. 2%
London, Brighton, & South Coast 50 .... 54% 55
London an North-Western • • 100 1795 179 180 1785 180
Ditto, Quarters .. L. and B. 7 23% .. 23%
Ditto ditto, New Shares .. .. 2 .... 13
Ditto, 401. Shares M. &B. •• 40 .. 71 70 70
Ditto, 101. Shares M. &B. (C) 1 .• •
London and South-Western 411. 68.10 d... 66% 66 65%
Ditto, New Consol. Eighths .. 40 .... .. • • ...... 49
Ditto, New .. 27% .. •• •• 31
Ditto, Tenths (Consolidated) .. 50 .... 55% .......• • . 575{
Ditto, Scrip.. .. .. 5 45¢
Ditto, ditto .. .. 4 .... • • ......354
Lynn and Ely .. .. 25 .. .. ••• • .. 24 %
Lynn and Dereham .. 20 .... 18% ........ •• 18 %
Manchester and Leeds.. .. •. 82 ...•104 103........ 102
Ditto, Fifths .. 6% .. • 10X .. • ...... 10%
Midland ..100 ....124 122% 123% 124
Ditto, New ~ 36 •.• •• •••• • • • . 41%
Ditto, New .. .• 6 • • 9% •••••• • • • • 914
Newcastle and Berwick .. .. 20 •• • . 281%, %•• • • .... 2834
Ditto, New .. .. • • 5 •• • • 7 ?,4 NI •••• • • • • 7%
North British .. .• 25

Ditto, Half Shares .. 12;4 • •
North Staffordshire 7% 101/4.. .. • • • • • •
Preston and Wyre.. .. 25 .... 37% %•••• • • • •
Ditto, Half Shares (A) .. 8%.... 1274 % •• •
Reading, Guildford, and Reigate 5 ..
Scottish Midland .. .. • • 171/4 •.• • • •
Ditto, .. 6
Shrewsbury and Birmingham .. 31% .... ...... 3}4
Ditto, Class B •• • • 3 ...• 2 . . .. • • 2,4
South Staffordshire .. • . 2/. 125... dis.
West. Riding Union .. • • .. 4!.25.
Windsor. Staines, &S. Western.. 425..... 214 2 2 p
York and Newcastle .. 25 .... 37 hi . 374
Ditto, New.. .. .. 10 ... , 15% 15%
Ditto, Preference .. •. S ... • I 1 41i. • • • • 111/4
York mid North Midland .. 50 .... 86 851/4 ...... 85
Ditto. Preference • • .. .. 6 .... 151/4 .. 151/4
Do. E. and W. Riding Exten- . 10 ...- 21% ........ • • 211/4
FOREIGN RAILWAYS.
Boulogne and Amiens .. .... 161/4 •• • • .....
Luxembourg
Namur and Liege .. 10 ....
Northern of France .. .. • . S .... 11% .....
Paris and Lyons .. 8 ....
Paris and Rouen .. .. 20 .... 3R . . ... . . .
Rouen and Havre .
Sambre and Meuse .. 14 .... -

portion.
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on
Thursday at 77f. 50c.; the Five per Cents., at 117 f. 80c.:

16%
14

16
6%

MINES.

Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,272 f. 50c.; Rouen, 966 f. 25c.

Real del Monte, Unregistered .... 3 14, •• • • ••• •• 3
Erratum in Yesterday's List—Read Eastern Counties, No. 1, p..
and .No. 2, IA p.

THE NAVIGATION LAWS.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

have noticed in The Sun of Tuesday last, the
15th inst., in your report of the evidence given before
the Select Committee of the House of Commons on the
Navigation Laws, on Thursday, the 10th inst., that Mr.
G. F. Young, when under examination, referred to two
instances in which he alleged that I had been incorrect
in the evidence I gave before the Committee in March
last, may I request your permission to make a few re-
marks thereon through the medium of your columns.
Mr. Young is reported to have said that " It was quite
impossible that he could agree with the evidence for
merly given before the Committee, by Mr. Browning,
that the combination of shipwrights, in the river Thames,
had enhanced the price of ships, by several pounds a ton.
The total cost of labour did not, under any circum-
stances, exceed 41. per ton ; and be thought 21. 10s. per
ton was a fair average price ; so that to talk of the com-
bination as enhancing the price of ships by several
pounds, was perfectly absurd. With regard to another
part of Mr. Browning's evidence, in which he
stated that foreign vessels paid no light
clues, while British ships were subject to the
tax, it was most extraordinary to him that any gentle-
man, who knew anything of the laws of the country,
could come to such a conclusion, because it was per-
fectly well known, that not only were all foreign ships
chargeable with light-dues, but that, in accordance with
the old laws, the ships of many countries were still sub
ject to double dues, which, in some instances, were paid
ont of the Consolidated Fund."

With reference to Mr. Young's first counter state-
ment that he thought that 21. 105. per ton wag a fair
average price for labour in building a ship in the
Thames, under the influence of close combination, I
think that few persons will be found to agree with him:
I have been unable to discover one. The late Mr.
Somes (who was one of the best authorities in such
matters) stated in evidence before the Select Committee
of the House of Commons, oa British shipping, in 1844
(in reply to question 358), relative to river built ships,
that the labour altogether per ton was from 51. to 6/,
and again (in answer to question 363) he stated
that the difference between London labour and that
of the outports was from 21. to 21. 10s.: this
amount being merely the difference of combination
in London, and combination in the outports, he again
states (in reply to question 351) that the London Union
compels the employment of inferior men at 6s. per day, ,
who are not worth 10d. per day ; and (to questions 341
and 342) that a prime teak ship built at Sunderland will
cost him, ready for sea, 8L per ton less than a teak ship
he was then building in the Thames, and that he was
informed the Sunderland-built ship would be " far
superior." Now, if the direct difference be from 21. to
2/. los. per ton under the effects of combination, the total
of the direct and indirect enhancement arising from com.
bination, will be found to be what I estimated it at.

- ,
Havre, 6501.; Great Northern, 5860 25c. ; Avignon, 7121.
50c. ; Vierzon, 6121. 50c.; Bordeaux, 507 f. 50c.; Boulogne,
411 f. 25c. ; Basle, 1871. 50c.; Dieppe, 3151. ; Paris and
Strasburg, 428 f. 75c.; Tours and Nantes, 412 f. 50c.; Paris
and Lyons, 445 f ; Lyons and Avignon, 450 f. ; Bordeaux and
Cette, 450 f. ; Spanish Passives, 4%.
MARSEILLES, JUNE 14.-Marseilles and Avignon, 743 f.;
Northern, 6021. 50c.
Lvoxs, JUNE 15.-Paris and Rouen, 972 f. 50c.; Avignon
and Marseilles, 745 f. ; Vierzon, 617 f.
50c. ; Northern,
598 f. 75c; Paris and Lyons, 442 f. 50c.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, JuNz 18.
Boulogne and Amiens, 16% Direct Bombay and Madras,
IA —Luxembourg. I ii—Namur and Liege, 314—Northern
of France, 11%—Rouen and Havre, 26.

Then, with regard to the question of light dues. I
may state that a very different LIGHT has been thrown
uponeu
et
vheis :
is,unbojwecsttthoatthfaotrewighnichshwipass
withme meant. Every
cargoE vTeeryone,
I b
ENG-
LISH rotas pay our light dues ; but surely Mr. Young
must also know that foreign ships COMING AND GOING
FOREIGN Use our lights WITHOUT CONTRIBUTING TO-
WARDS THEM ; they may anchor in our harbours from
stress of weather, without paying them ; innumerable
foreign ships, GOING FOREIGN, take foreign pilots off
Dungeness, &c., for Rotterdam, the Texel, &c., &c.,
all profiting by our lights without payment. W are
excluded from the international trade of Holland, Bel-
gium, and the north of Europe, with the United
States. There may be commodities which are in demand
in the United States, procurable both in London and
Hamburgh at the same price; and presuming that the
distance, freight, loading, charges, and insurance, are
the same between them respectively and a port in the
United States, the fact of the foreign vessel trading from
Hamburgh being able to profit by the En 2lish lights
without payment, which a similar vessel trading to
London is obliged to pay, is pro tanto, a bounty
to foreign shipping, foreign warehousing, and fo-
reign trade, to tho exclusion of our own. I
am aware that many other instances could be
cited to show that our light dues act prejudicially to
British trade and navigation. I therefore considered it
necessary to enumerate this minor advantage (the last in
the category of those I deemed of greater magnitude),
as deserving the attention of the Committee ; my opi-
nion being that all ships bringing cargoes to British ports
should only be charged their fair proportion of the
actual expense of maintaining those lights, and that the
whole system of lights urgently needed a searching in-
quiry and revision.

NEW ZEALAND WHEAT.—There was exhibited
at the Exchange news room, Liverpool, on Tuesday, a
cereal production that has astonished some of our agri-
culturists, consisting of a sample of two stalks of New
Zealand wheat in full ear. They were grown on the
Farnworth estate, near Runcorn, by William Jeffrey
Lochett, Esq., of Liverpool, and are nearly four feet ten
inches in the stalk and seven inches in the ear. They
are the first, we believe, raised in this country. The
seed was imported into Liverpool last October, and in
proof of its productiveness, we may mention that there
will be, on a fair average, twenty-five stems to each
seed. The field whence they were taken has a beautiful
appearance.

• b
onOCKING RAILWAY ACCIDENT.--Oil Wednesday
afternoon an accident occurred on the Edinburgh and
Glasgow Railway, by which a passenger was so much
injured that he is not expected to survive, inconsequence
of his own reckless temerity. As the train which leaves
Glasgow at two o'clock was proceeding up the tunnel,
a person in one of the fourth-class carriages, having the
appearance of a labourer, left the compartment of the
carriage in which he was standing, for the purpose of
joining an acquaintance in the next carriage, but, in the
scrambling from the one to the other, he either lost his
hold, or, thinking he was farther forward than he really
was, dropped down between the carriages, with his leg
across one of the rails. The consequence was that part
of the train passed over him, and his leg was severed
from his body, which was otherwise shockingly man-
gled. The unfortunate individual was promptly con-
veyed to the Royal. Infirmary, but died on the evening
of the accident.—Glasgow Post.

I have the honour to remain, Sir,
Your most obedient servant,
SAMUEL BROWNING.
No. 4, New Bank.buildings, City,
June 18, 1847.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SlR,—Seeing in your paper to-day that the Parlia-
ment would probably be prorogued about the 13th