The Sun.
London, England, 1841-03-10 00:00:00

THE SUN, .LONDON WEDNESDAY, MARCH 10, IQ4i

trade consists in the 'exchange of cotton'
cloth for food, of sugar and tea for meat,
of coffee and' wine for beer and fruit,
and if we imported and exported less, the
home trade would suffer in proportion as the
foreign trade was diminished. Knowing the
intimate connection between all branches of in-
dustry, we never have indulged in any non-
sensical calculations as to the relative value of
different branches. They are all, like the belly
and the members, parts of the same body, and to
depreciate foreign trade, or the home trade, or
agriculture, is as silly as to depreciate the right
or the left leg, or to say that the hand is more
worthy than the eye.

What Mr. HUME and Mr. WARBURTON, whom
the Post ridicules, and_ what we and all the
Anti-Corn-law League want, is not to injure
agriculture or the home trade, but to make the
Legislature remove the restrictions it has laid on
foreign trade on the unfounded pretence that, by
so doing, it encourages agriculture and the home
trade, as if our steam-engine manufacturers
would be benefited by cutting off our trade
with the Brazils. We want the Legislature,
by allowing freedom to commerce, to enlarge the
market for the productions of our industry. Our
demands are now met by holding up to us the
example of the continental States for imitation.
Is it then come to this that the Tories, formerly
such mouthing boasters of English freedom, now
tell us, for lack of sounder argument, that our own
old English freedom is worth nothing, and that
to be great and good we must follow the ex-
ample of knouted Russia and police-ruled
France ? We have for some time mourned
over the gradual decay of sound economical
knowledge, and the growth of a. very unreason-
able love of political contrivances to encourage
trade, amongst the countrymen pf ADAM SMITII
and of this spurious importation from abroad by
the disciples of the CASTLEREAGH school of poli-
tics, the recommendation of the Post to.en-
cumber our trade with restrictions, after the
manner of France and Russia, is the masterpiece.

Mr. WEBB HALL, whose pamphlet we on Mon-
day noticed, states that the landlords, or the
owners of the passive capital invested in land,
take advantage of the attachment which the
fitrmers, or the owners of the active capital, ne-
cessarily and naturally form to the spot they
cultivate, and, in cultivating, beautify and adorn
it, to rivet on them the chains of their odious
tyranny, and not unfrequently to enrich them-
selves at the farmer's expense.
An influence he says) as cruel as it is base, is attempted
to be exercised upon them, to induce them to prostitute their
convictions, when an owner of an estate dares to draw upon
their attachment to a place they have sedulously improved, and
for the use of which they may have paid more than a Just equi-
valent ; while a wechful crew of candidates may be ready at
any compromise to pounce upon a harvest of improvements
they have never made.
To inflict subserviency and degradation upon
the farmers, the landlords profit by

Attachment to a locality ox which the farmer might have
been brought up,—the improvements he may have imbedded
upon his farm, and WHICH THE LAW, BUT NOT JUSTICE,
GIVES TO ANOTHER,—the inconvenience and hasard to those
most dear to him restrain removal, and the want of that gene-
ral knowledge, -which would enable him to turn his attention
to other pursuits, if his inclination would allow him,—or,
lastly, the indisposition to quit the country that gave him
birth, and seek another where land is more plentiful, and
where its price is nominal. Such are the ties that bind the
British farmer to his pursuit : to all his trials be sets the word
" home," and frequently clings to a spot, under the most ad-
verse circumstances, rather than face the alternatives which
change might bring.

Instead of cherishing and honouring the Arca-
dian attachment of the tenantry to the homes of
their fathers, which is justly said to be the
source of many virtues, Mr. WEBB HALL
says, that the landowners erect on that at-
tachment their hateful dominion, and exercise
their tyranny, because they know that the love of-
home will make the farmers submit. The te-
nantry desire that their bones may be laid in the
same church-yard as their fathers, that their
children may be baptized at the same font, and
married at the same altar, where they and their
parents were baptized and married, and on this
sacred affection the landowners would build their
oppression. How unworthy ! how base ! how
utterly are such facts at variance with the cha-
racter which the Corn-law advocates ascribe to
the owners of land L We must make another quo-
tation. Mr. WEBB HALL says—
There are instances where the improvements of a tenant,
not protected by a lease, have been most unjustly appropriated
in part by the landlord to his own use in increased rent ; to
obtain which, the legal power over the whole may have been
used as an instrument, or have been the influencing motive for
the concession of a tenant ; while a landowner may have been
' tempted, behind the scenes, by offers for the gathering of that
which he had never strewed; and therefore was wholly unentitled
either to let or reap Many of the evils re-
hearsed in the foregoing review will attach to the tenancy of
land, which is continued to be owned by the same individual
or his family, for a long course of years. There are other cir-
cumstances which give additional pressure to these : when an
estate changes hands and becomes the property of a purchaser
to whom a tenantry are unknown,--whose connection com-
mences from the day of his payment for the estate, estimated
at the value which it then possesses, and a considerab!e portion
of which value may have been imparted to it by improvements,
to which the seller of the estate was not entitled, but which he
actually realizes in such a sale, while e /en the debt of gratitude,
which might be appealed to in reference to the original pos-
sessor, is lost by the transfer.

The farmers, then, though some of them are
adroit enough to he a match for the cupidity
which brilliant promises tempt, are victimized by
the landlords, impoverished as well as degraded
by their exactions. The inhabitants of the towns
give the cultivators of the soil, in return for food,
useful clothing, cheering luxuries, and valuable
tools. The landlords give them nothing in return
for rent but degradation. To give another in-
stance of their conduct, we shall quote a passage
which shows them extending their tyranny to the
labourers as well as the tenants
To show how erroneous are the sentiments which exist in
high, and what ought to be well-informed, quarters upon this
subject, 'it may be stated, that the adminiqratars of justice,
assembled in Quarter Sessions, have been known to declare,
in several instances, that it served farmers right, when robbed
by their labourers, if they suffered them to keep a pig 1 'I his
sentiment is alike tyrannical and absurd. What is there in the
contract between tenant and labourer to authorise so gross an
&sumption of arbitary power?
At the same time the landowners who make
the tenants' case the plea for taxing our bread,
leave the property of those tenants shamefully
unprotected. We do not speak of the manner
in which the landowner's game devours the
tenant's crops, while the tenant is forbidden to
kill what are to him destructive vermin, but of a
neglect which the following passage explains
. _

Can it be believed, when first detailed, that all the flocks of
this country, kept to supply its inhabiiants with clothing and
provisions, are also not within the protection of the law in
circumstances about to be mentioned,-,—not recogni.ed as valu-
able, until repetition of aggression can create that claim. It
is to the devastation of dogs upon them that reference is here
made, for which the owners, even if ascertained, are not re-
sponsible, un'ess criminal knowledge of such disposition to
destroy can be proved against them.

Thi; it no eliewnwerit;ed evil, but one of -antibirlittetiliii
and costly, as well as distressing kind. A case of twenty-six
killed, and thirty-six wounded sheep, in this way, has occurred
to myself; and an instance of one hundred, thus devastated
upon one occasion by two dogs, could be produced; and yet
the laws of our gauntry do not provide, and our legislators re-
fuse to grant, the needful remedy.
We comprehend the reason for this neglect.
Sporting dogs may worry the farmer's flocks, and
it would be inconvenient for the sporting gen-
tlemen to pay the damage. Most of our legisla-
tors are sporting gentlemen, or they have a close
connection with that tribe, though amongst them
are blacklegs and swindlers, and hence it is im-
possible to procure a law to make the owners of
' a sporting dog pay for the damage which he may
cause to a farmer's flock. At the same time, we
are told that it is all for the sake of the farmers,
whose interest is so grossly neglected, and whom
the landowners oppress and plunder, and for the
impoverish,t a n
e.
T 0 thatwith t
ehde aCvoa rr
c-
el a
thew la s
sake of the labourers, whom they degrade and
k
mustndowbneerms aaidnd-
the most mean and revolting hypocrisy. The
whole history of their connection with the te-
nantry and the agricultural labourers proves that
they do not study in any respect the interest or
well-being of those classes, and yet
they
make
their well-being the pretext for taxing the bread
of the people. Mr. WEBB HALL, though we can
hardly suppose that he meant it, has done the
Anti-Corn-law party a great service by his publi-
cation, and we trust that his example will be fol-
lowed by other practical agriculturists, who must,
like him, feel the degradation lie describes.

But a very short period will elapse before the
intentions of the United States, with respect to
Mr. M‘LEon, are fully known and although we
do not attach so much importance to the insult-
ing, and, if we must speak the truth, lying Re-
port of the Committee of Foreign Relutions, as
some of our Contemporaries, we are not indiffe-
rent to the important fact that upon the decision
of the Federal Government now depends the so-

lution of the question, peace or war. With the
particular Government of the State of New
York we have nothing to do. As a nation Eng-
land is not officia;ly cognizant of the existence
of such a State, nor of any of the other twenty-six
States comprising the Union. Our business is
only with the Federal Government, and if that
Government refuse to afford us redress the con-
sequences will of course be visited upon the whole
Union. An American journal, which takes a
very sensible view of this question, suggests, that
in the event of Mr. M‘LEon being hanged, Eng-
land might make reprisals on the citizens of the
State of New York. England will do nothing
of the kind. She will not imitate the Govern-
ment of New York in the judicial murder of in-
nocent individuals. If a hair of M'Lzon's head
fall, there is but one step to be taken by England,
and, however distressing it may be to resort to
that ultima ratio reg um, there is no doubt but
that it will be instantly adopted. What-
ever Mr. PICKEN may suppose, England
is not in a temper to permit her loyal
and innocent subjects to be hanged with
impunity. We are as far from wishing to
indulge in threats against the United States, as
we are from being the objects of Mr. PICKEN'S
calumnies; but this we may be permitted to say
without offence, that should the unfortunate
events now under the painful consideration of the
two countries lead to a war, there are sufficient
elements of discord in the different Republican
States, as to make the utter disruption of the
Union .a matter of very little difficulty. Several
of the States are already opposed to the deten-
tion of Mr. M,LEon, and assuredly they would
not, in compliance with the provisions of a con-
stitution now proved to be unsuited to the neces-
sities of the Federal Government, make war
upon England to screen his murderer from the
vengeance of outraefed- justice. And were it
otherwise, as Lord liourcrcAsnEr. well observed
in the House of Lords on. Monday evening, we
have, in the institution of domestic slavery in the
south—in the wrongs of the aboriginal tribes—
in our gallant army—and in our powerful fleet,
ample means of terribly avenging any outrage of
our rights committed by our brethren on the
other side of the Atlantic. But we still trust
matters will not come to this.

We are happy to announce that there is an
immediate prospect of an amicable termination
of all differences between France and the Four
Powers, relative to the Eastern question. Al-
ready have Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Eng-
land, signed a Protocol, announcing the expira-
tion of the Treaty of the 15th of July, the acts
which it was intended to perform being happily
accomplished. The Treaty of July, which gave
such umbrage to France, has therefore no longer
an existence. Having made this formal conces-
sion to the susceptibilities of France the Powers
next proposed to her a plan for placing the con-
servation of the peace and integrity of Turkey
under the joint guarantee of the Five Great
Powers—a proposition which, we have pleasure
in stating, has been received in the amicable
spirit in which it was conceived by the present
French Cabinet. There is no longer anything to
quarrel about, and M. Guizot is too wise and pa-
triotic a statesmen to indulge in the fiendish
luxury of keeping before the public the long-
buried national hatreds, which the exorcisms of
M. THIERS compelled to start from their un-
hallowed sepulchres.

The Paris Journals of Sunday have all been
duly received. They are principally occupied
with the debate in the Chamber of Deputies on
Saturday on the condition of the slave popula-
tion of Guadaloupe, in the course of which dis-
closures were made which must cover with eter-
nal infamy M. TRIERS and the Cabinet of the Ist
of,March. Every day brings forth some fresh
disclosure of the scandalous dishonesty of the
Ex-President of the Council. This, for M.
TRIERS, unfortunate discussion, was commenced
by M. LACROSSE, who put some questions to the
Minister of Marine and Colonies concerning the
case of a planter, who had been tried in Gua-
daloupe for brutally confining a female slave for
twenty-two months iron cage, and who
was not only acquitted,-,Viit carried in triumph
on the shoulders of the planters, although the
atrocious charge was clearly proved. Admiral
DUPERRE, on the part of the Government, de-
nounced the sentence of acquittal as infamous,
and promised inquiry. M. JOLLIVET, who re-
ceives a salary of 20,000 francs for defending
the horrors of the slavery system in Mar-
tinique, had the audacity to defend the infamous
wretch who had confined a human being as

he keeper of a menagerie would a tierer or a
_ _

hyena, or other wild beast. M. PASSY then rose,
and as a Member of the Commission for In-
quiring into the state of the Slave system, de-
liberately charged M. THIERS, not only with
throwing obstacles in the way of the commission,
but with employing the public money
in influencing the return of Deputies hos-
tile to emancipation ! At this charge symp-
.

:orns of amazement were visible on every
countenance, and M. TIIIERS, who but a mo-
ment before was in his place, was suddenly
nowhere to be found. M. DE REMUSAT attempted
a lame defence of himself by stating that he knew
nothing of such proceedings on the part of his
colleague, but M. PASSY silenced him by offer-
ing to prove that the late Cabinet had set aside a
sum of money out of the credits of 1840 to pro-
cure the return of anti-Abolitionists to represent
the Colonies. Expressions of general disgust now
rose from all sides of the Chamber, and before a
moment was allowed for it to subside, M. AUGUIS
rose and read the following. modest epistle amid
the ironical cheers and laughter of the Chamber,
a
which admirably exposes the mock philanthropy,
and mock liberality and honesty, of the ex-Presi-
dent of the Council :
o (J AND
I. E , ON COLONIES
A 51s
" LETTER OF M. GRANIER DE CASSIONAC, SENT BY AD-
MIRALI
INTHE TRIERS
11oe s ,
CABINET,
MINISTER 00 Ir
G MARINEu D
SION, AND WHO IS NOW DELEGATE FOR THAT COLONY.
" My dear Sir,—Feuillide, who will call upon yon,and who
leaves to-morrow for Toulon, on a Government tri. to go
on board the frigate Atalante, which touches at
Cayenne, will give you a friendly shake of the hand fo
He will exp'ain to you how how certain engagements which
have with the Cabinet compel me to remain here, otherwise
we should have left together ; but it will depend on Guade-
loupe whether my voyage is deferred. .
" I wrote at length to D—, in order to detail the plan of
defence which would be, in my opinion, the most efficacious,
and the only efficacious one. That is likewise the opinion of
the most enlightened colonists who are here, and who see that
all the power of our time is in the press. It is quite clear at
a time and in a country where every thing may be said, the
one who speaks best is naturally in the right. D— will com-
municate my-letter, and ram-golnotetryou *Eat I have not
said to him. M. de Jabrun has sent us, without putting him-
self too much out of the way, by-the-bye, since he even did
not take the trouble to give us notice, the 6,000 francs, which
had been voted to all three by the Council.
" I think I owe you on this subject some explanations, which
I request yon to communicate to D—, in order that the Coun-
cil may be resolved on my relations with M. de Jabrun. You
will perceive by one of his letters bearing the postmark of the
10th of June, 1837, that he evades owing me any arrears.
They were of old date, and he has made no remittance to us
since that period. Three years and more have, therefore, elapsed
without my having received anything from the delegates; and
the 6,000 francs which he remitted to me, with a somewitat cha-
racteristic sally of imagination, is the first money which I have
touched. What he had requested me to accept, before 1837,
amounted to 2,000 francs a year, which he forwarded to me for
two years. At the period when you came to Paris I had already
bought, With the view of being eligible, since the colonies wished
to have a delegate to the Chamber, a small estate for a sum
of 60,000-francs. I pay it off by instalments, and I confess
that in buying it I had reckoned on the annual concurrence
of the colonies. The concurrence entirely failed until this
year. Once, about fifteen months ago, being pressed for a pay-
ment that was due, I went to M. de Jabrun, who consented to
lend me 1,000 francs on my own bill. I must say that he re-
turned me my bill this year, when he paid me the 6,000 francs,
informing me that he had retained the amount on some funds
which had arrived from the colonies. I must also add, that
about a month before the arrival of the news which you sent
me, M. de Cools, delegate from Martinique, had remitted to me
1, francs. These. Sir, that is to- about a centime, are all
that I have received since 1837, a period when, according to
M. de Jabrun's letter, which I annex hereto, there were already
arrears. I beg pardon for having entered into these details,
but I was anxious that you should be informed of my situation
with respect to the Council, and as some exaggerations have
been brought back to me which might be, perhaps, credited for
want of documents, it was necessary for me to enter into minute
details, as well as figures.
" It appears to me, besides, that the colonies meet now know
me. I have written for them for three years without even the
slightest acknowledgment on the part of the delegates. Thera
must, therefore, be a certain authority in my words. Well, I
assure you that the colonies were wrong to desert me, because
they would have found what to do with me. I can say, be-
cause every one knows it, that I have here a fine position, and
fine future prospects ; I only wanted a small fortune. With
what you give to some stupid people you would have made me
eligible and you would have had an agent who writes and
speaks when necessary. I know that I shall make my career
alone ; but I shall take twice as much time as if you had as-
sisted. I sincerely tell you that the colonies are quite wrong
not to understand that. You have fostered certain bankrupt
journals which laugh at you. Peuillide will prove it to you.
" I have the vanity to believe that though your delegates
have not acknowledged me for the last three years, I have
been more useful to you than any of them. I have got rid of
those stupid fellows, Isambert and others, who were, however,

so dangerous. The debate is now between U. de Lamartine
and myself. I imagine that you have received the first letsers
I addressed to him on emancipation. He has just written to
mo that be was going to answer. Naturally I shall reply, and
the quarrel will thus be brought about between us two. Be-
sides, on Sunday next, I descant in the Revue de Paris on
the sugar question. I will send you some of the paper s, and
I hope you will be satisfied. I admit to you, frankly and orenly,
that the delegation would be an immense thing for me, which
would give me more weight, and would soon make me ga'n a
seat in the Chamber. It is very possible that I may do so with-
out that, if there is a dissolution this year; but I shall come
there with less importance and independence. lam going to
do my utmost to gain the confidence of the Colonial Council ;
I am certain of the most explicit support from the Govern-
ment. Feuillide will explain and support my pretensions; and
I assure you, if I were not in the case, there would be few
competitors who offer better security. Two volumes from me
will appear next week. I will send you some copies, both for
yourself and friends.
" Gentlemen of the Council, give me power ; it shall be well
employed on your behalf. I repeat to you that I shall be very
strongly supported by the Government, and on this occasion
I bring the influence of the Revue de Paris, but this time can-
didly and positively, because the President of the Council has
sent the director to me in order that I might make my condi-
tions for the future. There has been a contract made. I
begin business this week by the sugar question. I will send
you some of the numbers. I find myself, therefore, keeping
the lead at this moment in discussions on colonial matters in
the Revue de Paris, in the Presse, and in the Revue du 19eme
Sieck. It appears that that offers some security to the Colo-
nial Council. Add to that that a delegate, and a deputy at the
same time, only speaks once a year at the Chamber, and that I
am always speaking.—Adieu," &c.

What a system of hypocrisy, corruption, ai

villany does not this letter lay bare ! To silence
the clamours of the Abolitionists at home and in
England, M. TIMERS appointed a commission of
inquiry, at the same time giving instructions to
the colonists to take no heed of the Commission,
to answer none of its questions, good or bad; and
to return none but Anti-Abolitionists as repre-
sentatives. This M. PASSY affirmed in his speech,
and accordingly, when papers of queries were ad-
dressed to the planters, they, to ridicule the
powers of the Commissioners, replied to each of
them with the word "nil."

Besides the slave question, which has thus af-
fixed an indelible stain of infamy upon M. TRIERS
and his colleagues, the French Journals of Sun-
day publish and discuss the merits of a speech
which the Prince of Moscow, the son of Marshal
NET, would have spoken on taking his seat on
the previous day in the Chamber of Peers, had
he not been interrupted by the PRESIDENT. As
this speech displays a pleasing picture of filial
piety, we have given it insertion in another part
of The Sun :

THE FORTIFICATIONS BILL.—The respective parties are
mustering their forces for the struggle which is about to take
place in the Chamber of Peers. In a recent interview with
the King, the Chancellor, the leader of the Opposition upon
that question, nobly resisted all the Royal entreaties to give up
his enlightened and conscientious opinion ; he has offered his
resignation of the high post which he fills with such admirable
courage and real devotedness to the most sacred interests of his
country. The respective
_ strength of the opposite parties is
thus stated :-100 Peers for the law, such as it has been voted
by the Chamber of Deputies ; 50 in favour of the amendment
about to be proposed by Baron Mounier in the name of the Com-
mission, whose labours he is to report; and 50 wavering, and
likely to be brought over by the King's blandishments and real
powers of persuasion. The Ministers say they depend upon a
majority of 30 in favour of the law.
We have received the following letter from the frontiers of
Italy, dated 27th February.
" Nothing has happened to disturb the tranquillity which the
Peninsula enjoys. But the Italian Government do not think
of disarming, and hold themselves in readiness for all events.
Ihe attitude assumed by France, though rather equivocal in
the eyes of the French people, has excited the attention of the
Northern Courts, and their great vassals remain armed to take
part in the events which may take place in the spring. The
Austrian army cantoned along the frontiers is at its full com-
plement, ready to proceed to any point where there may be an
attempt at insurrection to be suppressed.
" Diplomatic agents of all ranks are passing through Italy,
and a great number of legitimists have lately traversed it to
join the Duke of Bordeaux."

- TOULON, MARCH 2.—The mail from Algiers havnot yet
arrived; this delay becomes more and more unaccountable.
(The telegraph announced this evening the arrival of the
Phaeton on the 4th, and of the Castor on the sth. It will be
two or three days before we have the letters.)
A letter from Tangiers of the 19th of February, says that
the arrival of three or four armed packets, and the announce-
ment of the speedy arrival of some ships of the line, has pro-
duced the effect that was expected. 'I he Emperor has caused
a declaration to be made to the Consul-General that he highly
valued the friendship of the French, and that in proof of it he
sent the copy of the orders forbidding all the Arabs on the
eastern frontiers, on pain of death, to take up arms for Abd-
el-Kader against the French. But all this is a farce, for Abd-
el-Rhaman is not ignorant that ammunition is frequently em-
barked in his ports for the Emir, and that the caravans which
convey it to the provinces of Oran pass through a part of his
dominions ; so that he might very easily have them stepped, if
he was so disposed. If, however, the French Government
wished to prevent Abd-el-Kader from receiving supplies
through Morocco, it might easily do so. The packet-boat
which plies between Tangiers and Oran might announce to
General Lamoricier the departure of the caravans, and the
latter might go with his army to meet and stop them. But in
order to effect this it would be necessary for us to have active
sal. zealous Consuls in the little ports of Morocco.--Le Cont.

The Madrid Papers received are of the 28th
ult. At a Council of the Regency held on the
27th, it was agreed that the Duke of VITToiuA,
as chief of the Regency, should read the Royal
Speech at the opening of the Cortes, and that the
different Ministers should prepare reports of the
state of their respective departments. M. AR-
GUELLES had positively refused to be named a
Member of the Regency, but we are sceptical
on the subject of such an appointment having
been seriously offered to him. The Treasury
was so empty, that the Minister of Finance
found great difficulty in obtaining 25,000 dollars
to defray the expenses of the troops stationed
round the metropolis. _

MR. WILLIAM TOOKE.—This gentleman, as
our readers know, was elected some time ago
Treasurer of the London University by a majo-
rity of two, and took occasion to boast of the re-
sult, as if e had obtained a great victory. The
pious Treasurer, however, hallooed too soon; on
Saturday he found to his cost he was not out of
the wood. The Treasurer has always been one
of the Council of Management. On Saturday a
ballot took place for the appointment of the
members, consisting of five, and on the votes
being counted, Mr. Tooke had only three votes
out of twenty-five. Being thus excluded from
the Committee, he may as well give up his office
as Treasurer; he has lost the confidence of the
Proprietors, and therefore the Council, with all
its predilection for his skill in getting money and
mustering dinners, will be compelled to resign
him to his fate.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS

CITY, TUESDAY EVENING.
The funds to-day were very quiet, but they rearzed
fully precious quotations. The arrival of the Acadia
steamer is anxiou,ly anticipated. For money Consols
brougl t 88k to 88/ and for time 881 to 881. Exchequer
Bills were 7s. to 9a. premium, and India Bonds were
nominally without alteration. The New Thies and-a-
Half per Cents. realize.' 96/ to 97, and South Sea stock
was at 98.
The Foreign Bonds are at present very little thought of,
but they nominally support about the previous
Spanish Acti.e stock was to-day marked at 23-,1 to 24 for
money, and 23k to 24k for t:mc ; the New Five per
Cent. Portuguese bonds were done at 311 to 311, though
the accounts from Lisbon still leave but little room for con-
gratulation, and the Three per Cents. were at 19+; Colom-
bian bonds were dull at 23 to k, Brazilian at 72, aad Vcrie-
zuela at 301- ; Russian Bonds were steady at 1101 to /,
and Dutch Two-arid-a-Half per Cents. at 502- to .1. It
is satd-that the Cabinet of St. Petersburgh is stilt con-
templating a new loan to meet its recent extraordinary
expenditure for armaments arising out of the Eastern
question.
The Railway Shares do not seem, as regards activity,
to be me!) influenced by the extensive business doing just
now at Liverpool. The quotations to-day, however, were
a little firmer. Great Western brought 231, the New
11, the Fifth 5/, the London and Birmingham 77 to 78,
the New 21, the South Western 17k to 161, and the
New to 1 premium. Brighton Shares were 7 to 6i,
Blackwall 5, and B,istol and Exeter 27 discount. Aus-
tralasia Bank Shares were 14, Colonial Bank 10, Lon-
don Joint-stock 24, London and Westminster 4 pre-
mium. Union of London werei- discount.
The B;11 Market still looks rather good, and the rates
of Exchange on the principal Continental are sup-
ported. This afternoon three months' paper was most
currently negotiated as follows :—Parts 25f. 621 f. to
67if. ; Amsterdam 12 31 to ; Antwerp 12 2/ to /
Hamburg 13 7k to /; Frankfort 149 to ; and Trieste
10 1 to 2.

The following ic: the official return of the Exports of
Bullion from the port of London for tho week ending
Thursday last :

Silver Coia to Rotterdam 220,000 oz.
!I Calais 20,000 „
Gol4 Coin to New York l7l

(From The Sun of Last Night.)
LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, MONDAY.—The Cotton
Market has been very animated to-day, and we have to notice
the sale of from 6,000 to 7,000 bales. Prices have varied
upon some descriptions from Bd. to 80. per lb. 250 Surats
sold, and the remainder American kinds, wholly to the trade.
LIVERPOOL SHARE MARKET, MARCH B.—An extensive
business has been done in the Share Market ; the following
are the transactions reported at the Stock Exchange at 4 P. as. :
Eastern Counties Debentures, 8,4; Grand Junction, Half-
Shares, 10i; ditto Quarter Shares, 274; Chester and Crewe,
Sil ; Great Western, Fifths, ; Liverpool and Manchester,
Half-shares, 891 ; London and Birmingham, 168; South
Western, Tenths, 17s. 6d. prem. ; North Midland, 69.
MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, MARCH B.—We have
to report a quiet market, and only a very limited business done.
London and Birmingham, 170; Manchester and Birmingham,
25 ; Great Western, 89; Ditto Halves, 61 ; New Midland
Ceiintie;, 143 ; Manchester and Leeds, 69; Manchester As-
surance, 9/.

We have received Hobart Town Papers to the 17th of
Octeber

MARKETS, Our. 15.—The Grain Market, as might be an-
ticipated after the late extensive importations of Wheat and
Flour, both here and at Sydney, and the sudden decline in the
price, has been unusually dull during the last few days, and
many of the settlers hav become wheat-sulky, and will not

sell. They are dist,o&d to wait for better times. The Com-
missariat Stores continue open to receive Wheat at 7s. 6d. per
bushel. Fine Flour may now be bought for 22/. to 241. per
toss ; Second, 181. to 20/.

A universal panic appears to pervade the money market.
The banks, for reasons best known to thernselce,, have for
some time past, been curtailing their discounts, and a general
pressure has consequently affected the commercial and agricul-
tural interests throughout the whole colony ; in the midst of
plenty, and with every prospect of an abundant harvest this
year, it was suddenly discovered, by the force of some financial
microscope, that we were overtrading, that the specie was not
more than a tenth of the paper afloat, and that the colony
was in fact bankrupt:

We have 120,060/. in specie to represent about 900,000/.
The Government of the country was last year obliged to bor-
row 10,000/., and has now 130,000/. at its disposal, after paying
all debts, yet the colony is bankrupt. The specie has lett
us, says one, and yet we find at the present moment, and we
are authorised to assure our fellow-colonists of the fact, that
there is 10,0001. more specie in the colony thsn there was in
May last, when money was most abundant. The silver is still
here; it moves from the banks to the Treasury, and from the
Treasury to the banks.
The recent Sydney intelligence has added to the present
temporary embarrassments in the money market. The truth
is, the colonial bank, of new growth, has been eyed with feel-
ings of jealousy by the old established banks, because its very
existence is derived from them. It is with their notes that she
has been nurtured, and with their specie she is sustained.
(From the Port Phillip papers to the 15th Oct.)
LABOUR AND IMMIGRATION. —The excessive want of labour
which is felt throughout the colonies acts with a more retard-
ing pressure on the affairs of Port Phillip than has ever been
experienced in the progress of the oldest colony. In every
branch of art, commerce, agriculture, and science, the numeri-
cal deficiency of operative classes is most distressing—in short,
while the Sydney Government have received from the sale of
provincial waste lands, during a period extending from June,
1837, to December, 1839, funds to the amount of 107,576/.,
two immigrant ships amounting to 7,000/., together with the
excess of ordinary expenditure, 27,0001., forming a total of
34,0001, is all the off-set that can be made in return for the
wasteful expenditure of our land fund upon Sydney and the
penal district. During the present year have arrived at Mel-
bourne seven vessels with 2,000 immigrants on the bounty sys-
tem, and one fitted out by the Government agent with 300
passengers ; the expenditure upon which, in round numbers,
will equal 50,0001. ; during the same period, however, that is
in 1840, the land sales here produced, rejecting fractions,
150,0001., which brings our calculation to the following simple
account :—Expenditure, 84,146/. ; Revenue total receipts,
262,5151., from which deducting Cexcess 84,1461., leaves a
balance of 178,3691. One hundred and seventy-eight thon-
sand, three hundred and sixty-nine thousand pounds sterling
of Port Phillip land fund remains to be accounted for.

THE BLACKS.—In consequence of representations having
been made to the authorities of the approach of several tribes
of natives to the vicinity of the town, for the purpose of hold-
ing a Corraborra previous to a battle, it was resolved to at.
tempt their capture. Accordingly the military under the
command of Captain Smith and Lieutenant Vignolles, of the
28th regiment, with the border police and a number of con-
stables, proceeded about midnight to the scene of the native
festivities, situated between two and three miles from the
town. Upon seeing themselves surrounded, the blacks were
thrown into considerable consternation, and finding that their
weapons had been seized would have surrendered quietly, but
for the opposition made by Winberry, who made a desperate,
blow at Lieut. Vig,nolles. He, however, missed his aim, but re-
covering, was about to repeat the attempt before that gentle-
man could draw his sword, whereupon the sergeant discharged
his musket, and this notorious murderer and robber instantly
fell. The remainder of the gang were secured, consisting of
about two or three hundred, including women and children,
and were led captives into the town.

NEW ZEALAND.-By the latest papers from New Zealand
of the 22d August, we find that the principal town has received
the name of Britannia, for which his Excellency Captain Hob-
son stands sponsor. The New Zealand Gazette has, in con-
sequence, changed its title by the addition of the Britannia
Spectator.

Up to the present time we have nothing to notice respecting
the operations in the British Funds, as there is scarce a bar-
gain doing; the speculators are waiting for the Chinese intel-
ligence.
Consols opened this morning at the leaving off prices of yes-
terday fish * for Money, for the Account, 88* ; Exchequer
Bills 7 9 prem. ; Bank Stock shut ; India Sto2k shut.
In the Foreign Market they are also inactive at present,
the prices are nominal, Spanish Active as it left off 23i 24h ;
Deferred, 12* ; Passive, 511 6 ; Portuguille same, 31* 4 ;
Brazilian, 71 72 ; Colombian, 224 23* • Mexican, 274 28* ;
Buenos Ayres, 22 24 ; Dutch Two. and-a-Half per ' Cents.
sog ; Five per Cents., 99* 100.
hares.—Great Western, 23 24 prem. ; New,.lli prem. ;
London and Brighton, 7* 7 dis. ; Blackwall, 5* 4 dis. ;
Birmingham, 77 79 prem. ; Southampton, 55i 54 per share;
Croydon, 114 12* per share ; Greenwich, Si per share ; Man-
chester and Birmingham, 16* 154 discount.
PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT Cr F.
RAILWAYS. Paid. Per Share.
Bristol and Exeter 6O 33

London and Brighton
Loudon and Bfackwall
London and Greenwich........... 20
London and South Western
Ditto Tenths
JOINT STOCK BANKS.
Australasia 4O ...... 54 ...... to
Colonial

London Joint Stock ........ 10
London and Westminster . .. 20
The Leeds steamer has brought the Lisbon mail, by which
we have intelligence to the Ist of March. The only feature
worth observation from the above capital is the second instal-
ment of the British Civil Claims, amounting to 36,4024 17s. 2d.
sterling, due on the Ist of March, which, by the assistance of
the Lisbon Bank, will be paid. Exchange upon London, at
30 days' sight, 52id. per mildred. It also brings an account
that the British ship Heroine, from London to Calcutta, with a
valuable cargo, was wrecked a few days since near Cape
Spartel ; twenty-five of her crew and passengers are stated to
have been drowned.

Since the early part of the morning there has been an im-
provement in the Consols from 884 3to 883 for the Account,
at present they are not so good, and may he quoted at 884 ;
Exchequer Bills, 7 9 prem. ; Bank Stock, shut; India, shut.
In the Foreign Market Spanish Active 2.38 244 ; Portu-
guese, 314 • Three per Cents. 194 ; Colombian 234 ; Dutch
Two-and-a:Half per Cents., 508 4 ; Five per Cents. 994.
In the Shares scarce anything d iing. Bristol and Exeter 33 ;
London and Brighton 434 ; London and Blackwall 20 ; Lon-
&an and Greenwich 84 ex. div. ; South Western 554.
We have not heard as yet of the arrival of the overland mail
from India.

CLOSING PRICES.
BRITISH FUNDS.

Bank stock „, llndia Stock... ~...... ..
3 per Cent. Red — Ditto Bonds
3 per Cent Cons ...... .. 88i Ditto Old Annuities
34 per Cent Red........ Ditto New Annuities...
New 34 per Cent .. ... 961 Ex. Bills, 1,000/....21d 9pm
New 5 per Cent ... ...... Ditto 500/ ll pm
Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small l2 pm
Jan. 1860
Oct 1859 ... — India Stock for Acct ...
Jan. 1860 ...
FOREIGN FUNDS.
A ustrian, 5 per cent... Portuguese, 5 per cent.
Belgian, 5 per cent — Ditto, New Ditto.....
Brazilian Bonds .. .. 72 Prussian, 5 per cent....
BuenosAyres, 6 per cent Russian, 5 per cent. . . 1105
Ghilian, 6 per cent
Colombian, 6 percent... 228 Spanish, 5 per cent 24
Ditto, 1824 Ditto, Deferred „,
Danish, 3 per cent..... French,s per cent... —f. —c.
Greek,lB2s, 5 percent. Exchange —f. —c.
Mexican, 5 per cent.... French, 3 per cent —f. —c.
1)i to, 6 per cent, 1825 Dutch, 24 per cent
Perucian,lB2s,6 per et. Ditto, 5 per cent..... 004

SHARES.
Bristol and Exeter (60 paid) . 33

_ .
Great Western Railway (65 paid) BB4
Ditto New Shares (50 paid)
Ditto Fifths ( 4 paid) 9l
London and Brighton (50 paid)
London and Blackwall Railv, ay (25 pd) 20
London and Birmingham Railway (90 pd) 168
Ditto New Shares ( 2 paid) . 22
London and Greenwich Railway (2u paid) ei
London and South Western 55,
Ditto Tenths
COURSE OF EXCHANGE—(YESTERDAY.)
Amsterdam C F. 12 6 (Gibraltar
Ditto, at sight
Rotterdam 2 U. 12 64 Genoa 25 85
Antwerp
Hamburgh... ....M.B. 13 104 Venice ..... 47
Altona... ....... 13 11 'Naples 404
Paris, 3 days' sight 25 50 Palermo, per oz 119
Ditto, 3 months 25 75 Lisbon..... 52
Marseille3... . ......
Bourdeaux... ...... . .... 25 85 Rio Janeiro 2B
Frankfort on Maine.... 150 Bahia...
Petersburg!), 3 U 5..... 374 Buenos Ayres —
Berlin 7 0 New York, 21 days' sight 464
Vienna, effec. 11. 3 M lO 2 Philadelphia
Trieste, ditto
Madrid
Cadiz.. - . Foreign Gold, bars.. 317 9
Bilboa 35 , New Doubloons OO 0
Barcelona 35 :New Dollars,. 0 0 0
Seville

For nearly three weeks -past, up till yesterday,
the Irish Mail to Glasgow
ha; been constantly from 12 to
15 hours behind the time at wbich it is due—cooling in at
various hours in the afternoon instead of 1 h. 15 no. A.M.

n a great commercial community like our own, we need
not say that this irregularity has been productive of much
annoyance and inconvenience. As all the other mails
have arrived during the peeled we have imt inced Kith
general regularity, we presume the delay has arisen from
the ricketty or powerless steam-vessels which ply between
Donaghadee and Portpatrick, or at all events some cause
has produced this effect between the ports named, which
should not exist. We have heard it stated that the Post-
office has applied for estimates for the conveyance of the
Lish Mail from the Clyde to Belfast, or some other port
in the north of Ireland ; and considering the natural defects
of the harbour of Portpatrick, the vast sums which have
been already expended upon it by Government, and the
still larger sum which would be requisite to make it even
a tolerable harbour, it cannot be doubted that a ere the
Irish mail transmitted direct from either Glasgow or
Greeocck, the system would more readily square with t e
convenience of the great mass of the Scottish population,
than it has done, or ever will do, by means of the pre-ent
route, through Galloway to Portpatrick. When the Edin-
burgh and Glasgow Railway shall have been opened,
these reasons will be much more forcible ; for then three
hours will suffice to carry the North Mail from Edin-
burgh to Greenock, from which it may be transmittA di-
ect to Dublin or Belfast, and by this means the long
route of 72 miles to Dumfries, and of 80 from Dumfries to
Portpatrick—thence to Donagbadee,and from Donaghadee
to Belfast or Dublin, wilt be avoided. This matter is of
so much importance that we have no doubt it wil press
itself upon the attention of the Post-office authorities.
While on this subject we would hint that the railway van
or some other conveyance should be used to convey the
Greenock mails from the station in Tradmton to the Post-
offioe in Glassford-street. At present the heavy bags are
carried on the backs of the old porters, and the poor fel-
lows reel so much under the weight that it seems as though
a good breeze would overturn both the mail and its bearer.
We have not yet heard whelier the Postmaster-General
will Le generous enough to supply tie two gas-lamps to
light up the outside of the Post-office : but in the mean-
time the authorities have allowed the Local Postmaster to
retail penny stamps, which perhaps is all the measure of
convenience that these officials conce:ve the citizens of
Glasgow tobe entitled to.—Glasgow Herald.
" I'm lost in grief," as the fly said when he was
drowned in a lady's tear.

MORNING EDITION.

ENGLISH OPERA HOLSI•

This theatre NI as last night opened for its leK.
tanate purpose—the representation of Engli''
operas—by Mr. Eafe, and, if any judgment Col
be formed from the audience and performances
of a first night, with every prospect of a success-
sete:on. The company, which includes Ma-
dame Balfe, Wilson, H. Phillips, and Stretton,
is the most powerful English operatic companY,
which we have had for some years. The musical
department is under the direction of llalle
himself, and Loder leads the orchestra,
while the entire direction of the stage
is • entrusted to Mr. Mclan, whose knew:
ledge and judgment in that department is a
'
sufficient guarantee that all that can be done Ylll
be done. The first piece was a new opera by
Balfe himself, entitled Keolanthe, or the Un-
earthly Bride. The overture, which commences
in a most eccentric manner, by the tolling of
bell, is a very efficient and highly elaboratea;
composition, executed in a high style of art, and
vet not so very abstruse as to be caviare to the
vulgar. It was rapturously encored. The plota
of the opera may be briefly told. Andrea;
student of Pavia (Wilson), is betrothed to Pavina
(Miss Gould), sister of Phillippo (Stretton) also:
student. Andrea has been studying EgyPtiaemanuScripts, and has a painting of a beautiief
Egyptian, which he regards with a species
adoration. He parts from Pavina and he!,
brother the night before his wedding, and redlys
to rest. Ombrastes, the Spirit of the Nile (0.
_
Phillips) appears to him, and offers to revive
Keolanthe, Princess of Memphis (Madame Balf0)f,
the original of the picture, who has been dead 0
thousand years, and who died for love of an An-
drea, exactly resembling him, who, havinge
turned Christian, had been martyred by tea
Priests of Osiris. He consents—is transports
to the interior of the great Pyramid--where
Keolanthe is revived by the incantation e
the lotus flower, and is wedded to Andres'
The lotus flower is to bloom as long as their WY,
,
lasts; when that fails, the lotus is to wither, and
their misery is to begin. The first act ends with
their nuptial ceremony. The second act open
in Italy, where Andrea and Keolanthe are liviai
in great splendour. Two strangers, faint an.'.
weary, request a resting-place and refreshineetd
it is granted, and they prove to be Philipp° an
his sister Pavina, who is dying broken-hearted
in consequence of the perfidy of Andrea. Pavier
dies. Philippa challenges Andrea ;- they m,
and Philipp° is stabbed by Ombrastes. The
miliars of the Inquisition seize Andrea as:
murderer. Keolanthe, attempts to save 111,,I;
and perceives the portrait of Pavina iu4„
possession: The lotus fades; she leaves ",:e
stretched on the tomb of PaVina, and tL,
scene, as if by magic, again represents „:"."'t
chamber as in the heginnning of the fibs
act. He is stretched, not on the tomb of 11
vina, but on his own couch, and is awakellhee.
ftom We slumbers by Pavina, Philipp°, alei,t,.o,
villagers, who come to awake him for his weutiv,i
the whole adventure of Keolanthe having
bemerely a dream. The concerted music in
first act was excellent; but the second was by
the best. The air sung by Wilson, on beholding tth'e
portrait of Pavina, was exquisitely beautiful. 111-10
scena by Madame Balfe in the same act 'was
7,,,alhse
admirable, and was also rapturously encored. I",
melody of a duet, sung by Stretton and Wils"
previous to the duel, wag also exquisitely beau;
tiful ; and a sort of diabolical buffo song, wad
excellently given by Phillips, who sconeg
thoroughly to enjoy his part, and acted, as tr,
sung, admirably. ,Miss Gould, a pupil of'
J. Barnett, 'Made her first appearance onWu 01
stage in the character of Pavina; she had
to do, but that little she did well, and she girt;
mises to be an acquisition to the company.
the
getting up of the piece was excellent,
scenery was magnificent, and the dances ve'J
good. Balfe announced the piece for ere;
petition, amidst the unanimous applause 04„1
crowded house, and stated that the piece lrs.
been got- up in the short space of three viriee' t
tio
Had three months been employed it could
have been put upon the ein better stY,le;*
Balfe, Madame Balfe, Miss Gould, Wilson, r'ci
lips, and Stretton, were called for and receivte.
the usual honours. The opera of Betly, LO3-
Donizetti; followed. This, although a new erelo'l
is well known as an after-piece, under the title
Betly ; or the Return to Switzerland.. 1t,1,e
produced for the purpose of introducing to ;ft,
public Miss Emma Howard, a pupil of
Allen. This'young lady, who was exceedieg'4
nervous On first torning on, is by far the 11u's,.
promising debutante we have seen for many a ""I.‘
Her voice. is exceedingly powerful, and ecuz.
li..
pletely under command ; she is not a mere eller
tatrice, she is a naive and natural actress.
finale was a splendid effort, and drew nit..
thunders of applause. We cOngratulate 1-/r.
Allen on having so promising a pupil, amid so
Bare on having. secured the services 0'
talented a young lady. The house was crowd
r•
to the ceiling, and sincerely do we wish • 0
Balfe success in his meritorious undertaklaer
feeling assured that he has done all in his P°l%
to deserve it.