The Sun.
London, England, 1840-07-06 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, JULY 6, lB4O.

FRENCH COMMERCE.

The French Journals discuss the state of commerce
in France in the year 1839, as exhibited by the
various tables published by their Ministers, at the
same time complaining that the statements relative ti
the Customs, from which so many useful facts might
be gathered, arc not yet made public. The tables
published present the results of the year 1839, corn-
pared with 1837 and 1838, and it is considered that no
useful result can be drawn from a comparison with the
first of these years, since 1837 being the year when
the &merican crisis was felt, and important branches
of external commerce were diminished, it constitutes ,
rather an exception than an exponent of regular annual
results. The comparison, therefore is confined to the
two years 1339 and 1838, and under the head of " Ge-
neral Commerce" (which includes every import and
export), the year 1833 presents an increase oh
58,000,000 f., being an increase of 10,000,000 f. on
the imports, and 48,000,000 f. on the exports. The
total amount of general commerce is 1,950,000,000 f.
To the results classed under the head of '6 Special
Commerce" more attention is paid. This head in-
cludes imports consumed in France, and exports pro-
duced by the French soil in French manufacture.
The imports belonging to this class in 1839 amount to
650,000,000 E, the exports to 677,000,000 f., exhibiting
on a comparison with 1838 a diminution of 7,000,000 f.
in the imports, and an increase of 10,000,000 f. in the
exports ; so that the general movement of special
commerce presents an increase of 12,000,000 f. This
increase is regarded us far from satisfactory—indeed,
almost as a decrease, on the principle that commerce
when stationary may be said to recede by a compa-
rison with the advanee made by other nations in an
equal period. The two items of import and export
arc examined in detail. In the first place, it is said,
that decrease of imports would have been much larger
than 7,000,000 f., if the provisions, which a bad harvest
had compelled France to take of other nations, had
been deducted, as exhibiting a result which is anything
but an exponent of commercial prosperity. Foreign
cattle was imported in spite of the heavy duty which
curbs their introductio❑ ; 1,000 hectolitres of grain
above the quantity imported in 1838 were fur-
nished by Foreign nations in 1839. This quantity
of grain is valued at 20,000,000 f., and thus
~it is calculated that if the harvest had been as good
as ordinary, the imports would not have decreased only
7,000,000 f. but 27,000,000 f. The importations of raw
material employed by manufacturers have seriously
diminished. The amount of raw cotton imported
has been even lower than in 1837, and one-fifth
lower than in 1838. Silks have decreased to an
equal extent, and wools also, though not to so great
a degree. It was natural that the materials employed
in bleaching, dying, and printing the above articles
should share in their decrease, and hence the decrease
has been equally felt in olive oil, nitrates, and indigo.
These results, as exhibiting the state o weaving in
France, are considered as of the highest importance.
The materials next in importance are those combusti-
bles and metals which farm the basis of nearly et ery
manufacture : here the results are still unfavourable,
and there is a decrease in the importation of coal, iron,
copper, lead, and zinc. There is, indeed, an increase
in the importation of machines, but this is accounted
for by the introduction of engines for the new railroads.
The only remarkable increase in the importation of
manufactured articles has been in that of linen and
hempen threads. Before the manufacture of linen thread
by machinery scarcely any was imported, but since
this English invention the importation has gradually
increased. The projected law for regulating the
Customs proposes to raise the duty on these
articles, but the expediency of such a plan is
questioned. It has been observed, that while the
importation of threads has increased, that of woven
goods has diminished, and that the French weavers
have found the large importations of thread advanta-
geous. Hence it is argued that by restricting the im-
portation of foreign thread, the interests of such an
important branch of industry as weaving may be coin-
promised.
Proceeding to the increase in exportations, stated
at 19,000,000 f., it is remarked, that if the exportation
of foreign corn, caused by the temporary dearness of
corn i❑ England, be deducted, it will be shown
that the chief articles of exportation have remained
stationary, or even decreased. Of produce of the soil
the main exports of France are her wines and brandies,
and these, compared with 1838, exhibit a decrease of
more than a quarter. Of manufactured articles, silk
and cotton goods, the most important of all, exhibit a
decrease ; woollen goods, porcelain, articles of fashion,
&c., remain stationary. The whole results of the above
statement may be reduced to one, which is, that (with
the sole exception of threads) the decreases arc a sign
of a decline of trade and manufacture, and the increases
no sign of prosperity.—Tiines.

LIST OF NEW PATENTS.

(From the Repertory of Patent Inventions, for July )
Henry Augustus Tayler, cf New York, now of
)Milk-street, Cheapside, merchant, for improvements in
the manufacture of braid and plats. Communicated by
a foreigner residing abroad. Sealed May 2S, 1840.—
(Six months.)
Alexander Francis Campbell, of Great Plumstead,
Norfolk, Esquire, and Charles White, of the city of
Norwich, mechanic, for improvements in ploughs and
certain other agricultural implements.—Sealed May 2.8,
1840.—(Six months.)
Sir Josiah John Guest, of the Dowlais Iron Works,
Glamorgan, Baronet, and Thomas Evans,
of the same
place, agent, for certain improvements in the manufac-
ture of iron and other metals.—Sealed May 28, 1840.
—( Four months.)

Edmund LeaCl), of Rochdale, Lancaster, machine
maker, for certain improvements in machinery or appa-
ratus for carding, doubling, and preparing wool, cotton,
silk, flax, and other fibrous substances.—Sealed May
1840.—(Six months.)
. .

Daniel Gooch, of Paddington-green, engineer, for
certain improvements in wheels and locomotive engines,
to be used on railways.—Sealed May 28, 1840.—(Six
months.)
William Henry Smith, of York-road, Lambeth, civil
engineer, for an improvement or improvements in the
mode of resisting shocks to railway carriages and trams,
and also in the mode of connecting and disconnecting
railway carriages, also in the application of springs to
carriages.—Sealed May 28, 1840.—(Six months.)
George Henry Bursill, of River-lane, Islington, gen-
tleman, for an improved method or methods of weighing,
and certain improvements in weighing machines.—
Sealed May 28, 1840.—(Six months.)
James Allison, of Monkwearrnouth, Durham, iron
master, and Roger Lumsden, of the same place, chain
and anchor-manufacturer, for improvements In the ma-
nufacture of iron knees for ships and vessels.—Sealed
May 30, 1840.—(Six months.)
John Baptist Wicks, of Leicester, frame-work
knitter, for improvements in machinery employed in
frame-work knitting or stocking fabrics.—Sealed May
30, 1840.—(Six months.)
William Pettitt, of Bradwell, Bucks, gentleman, for
a communicating apparatus to be applied to railroad
carriages.—Sealed May 30, 1840.—(Two months.)
John Hawley, of Frith-street, Soho, Watch-maker,
for improvements in pianos and harps. Communicated
by a foreigner residing abroad.—Sealed June 1, 1840.
(Six months.)
Pierre Dcfaure De Montmiral, of London-wall, gen-
tleman, for certain improvements in the manufacture of
bread. Communicated by a foreigner residing abroad.
Sealed
J Richard u niere2o,
n 1 8N410.
Martin,
i x months.)ofrierb)
gentleman, for
certain improvements in the manufacture of certain
descriptions of cement.—Sealed June 2, IB4o.—(Six
months.).

Samuel Salisbury Eagles, of Liverpool, engineer, for
certain improvements in obtaining motive power.—
Sealed June 2, 1840.—(Six months.)
James Harvey, of Basing-place, Waterloo-road,
timber-merchant, for certain improvements in paving
streets, roads, and ways with blocks of wood, and in the
machinery or apparatus for cutting or forming such
blocks.—Sealed June 2, 1840.—(Six months.)
William Southwood Stocker, of Birmingham, for
certain improvements in machinery applicable to making
nails, pins, and rivets.—Sealed June 2, 1840.—(Six
months.)

Christopher Damn, of Edgbaston, Warwick, gentle-
man, for certain improvements in the construction of
vessels containing and supplying ink and other fluids.—
Sealed June 2, 18-10.—(Six months.)
James Roberts, of Sheffield, merchant, for an im-
proved mode of fastening certain kinds of horn and hoof
handles to the instruments requiring the same.—Sealed
June 3, 1840.—(Six months.)
Samuel Wagstaff Smith, of Leamington, iron founder,
for improvements in apparatus for supplying and con-
suming gas.—Sealed June 9, 18-10.—(Six months.)
Robert liampson, of Mayfield-Print Works, Man-
chester, calico printer, for an improved method of block
printing on woven fabrics of cotton, linen, silk, or wool-
len, or of any two or more of them intermixed, with
improved machinery, apparatus, and implements for that
purpose.--Sealed June 9, 18-10.—(Six months.)
Alexander Southwood Stocker, of Birmingham, for
improvements in the manufacture of tubes for gas and
other purposes.—Sealed June 9, 1840.—(Six months.)
Christopher Nickels, of York-road, Lambeth, gentle-
man, for improvements in the manufacture of braids and
plats. Communicated by a foreigner residing abroad.
—Sealed June 9, 1840.—(Six months.)
i m pTr oh ov
emma es
—(Six months.)
nEt sdimnoliaarsionnti,nogfpArelassnecsh._ostseera,
icelder
jku,nfeor,e, certain
John George Shuttleworth, of Feamley-place, Glos-
sop-road, Sheffield, gentleman, for certain improvements
in railway and other propulsion.—Sealed June 9, 1840.
—(Six months.)
Francis Groaves, of Rodfotd-street, Sheffield, manu-
facturer of knives and forks, for improvements in the
manufacture of knives and forks.—Sealed June 11,
1840.—(Six months.)
William Lance, of George-yard, Lombard-street,
insurance-broker, for a new and improved instrument or
apparatus, to be used in whale fishery, part or parts of
which; upon an increased scale, are also applicable as
a motive power for driving machinery.—Sealed June
11, 1840.—(Six months.)
Benjamin Winkles, of Northampton-street, Isling-
ton, copper-plate manufacturer, for certain improve-
ments in the arrangement and construction of paddle-
wheels, and water-wheels.—Sealed June 11, 1840.
(Six months.)
Joseph Wolverson, of Willenhall, Stafford, lock-
smith, and William Rawlett, of the same place, latch-
maker, for certain improvements in locks, latches, and
other fastenings for doors.—Scaled June 13, 1840.
(Six months.)
Ezra Jenks Coates, of Bread-street, Cheapside,
merchant, for certain improvements in propelling canal
and other boats. Communicated by a foreigner re-
siding abroad.—Sealed June 13, 1840.—(Six months.)
Edward John Carpenter, of the Tof Monks, Nor-
folk, a Commander in the Royal Navy, for improve-
tnents in the application of machinery for assisting ves-
sels in performing certain evolutions upon the water,
especially tacking, veering, propelling, steering, casting
or winding, and backing astern.—Sealed June 13, 1840.
(Six months.)
Richard Beard, of Eg,reniont-place, New-road, Gen-
tleman, for improvements in apparatus for taking or ob-
taining likenesses and representations of nature and
drawings and other objects. Communicated by a fo-
reigner residing abroad.—Sealed June 13, 1840.
(Six months.)
Richard Prosser, of Birmingham, civil engineer, and
John James Ripon, of Wells-street, Middlesex, iron-
monger, for certain improvements in apparatus for heat-
ing apartments, and in apparatus for cooking.—Sealed
June 17, 1810.—(Six months.)

Rischard Prosser, of Birmingham, civil engineer,
for certain improvements in manufacturing buttons for
certain materials, which improvements in manufacturing
arc applicable in whole or in part to the production of
knobs, rings, and other articles from the same materials.
—Sealed June 17, 1840.—(Six months.)
Thomas De la Rue, of Bunhill-row, manufacturer,
for improvements in printing calicoes and other surfaces.
—Sealed June 20,
18.10.—(SIX months.)
John Aitchison, of Glasgow, merchant, and Archi-
bald Hastie, of West-street, Finsbury-square, merchant,
for certain improvements in generating and condensing
steam, heating, cooling, and evaporating duids.—Sealed
June 24, 1840.—(Six months.)
William Hickling Burnett, of Wharton-street, Bag-
nigge Wells-road, gentleman, for improved machinery
for cutting or working wool.—Sealed June 24, 1840.
(Six mai t'is.)
William Wood, of Wilton, carpet-manufacturer, for
certain improvements in looms for weaving carpets and
other fabrics.—Sealed June 24, 1440.—(Six months.)
William Ash, of Sheffield, manufacturer, for certain
improvements in augers, or tools for boring. Commu-
nicated by a foreigner residing abroad.—Sealed June
1840.—(Six months.)
Joseph Luse,
jun, of Manchester, calico-printer, for
certain improvernelt in the art of printing calico and
other surfaces.—Sea ed June 24, 1840,—(Six months.)

Friday morning,
o'clock,
ireadful accident occurred in the Fulham road to Ashton
Leighton, Esq., residing at Fulham, who was thrown out of
his gig by the horse taking fright. 31r. Leighton's injuries are
a compound fracture of the right leg, besides dreadful injurie
he
on the head ;
WaS removed to his residence in a hopeless state
ACCELERATION OF THE MAILS.—On and
after Monday neat, the
11TIaAgnii.fellThaeaiiriois.
letters and papers will arrive in Lancaster nearly two hours
earlier than heretofore. l'he mails to London will be des-
patched an hour and a half later than heretofore.—Lancaster
Guardian,
tithWienstr.e,
artheetLondon and south country
HER MAJEsty's THEATRE.—ACCIDENT TO
to state that Madlle.
Taglioni on Saturday night met with an accident in her
taking place, the curtain dripped,
per-
formance in the .rand ballet L' Ombra' In her descent in the
last act of the ballet, the iron hoop, with which she was sur-
rounded iii her perilous movements on to the stage, was rent
asunder; and, to the consternation of the audience, Madlle.
Y, first striking a table, and next the stage.
She has received several bruises. On the painful occurrence
Shortly after, Madlle.
kindly rendered b • a host of friends and others.
assistance having been pre-
viouslyadmirers, appeared, -1°
d the stage unaided, to the joy of
and crossed
the audience.
procession was formed, and they
THE
TURN-OUT AT STOCKPORT.—The turn-
Tagryni, to the great gratification of her
out at Stockport is not yet wholly decided. The weavers at
three or four mills are -et out, and still express their determi-
nation nooft
the formed,
in the
wYt-hoerkinaot
most
tthe reduced prices. A nume-
rous meeting was held on Tuesday, and after the proceedings a
paraded through the principal
orderly manner. Those who
have returned to work at the reduced price are allowed to
pass to and from the mills without molestation. A delegated
meeting of weavers was held at the Bull's Head, Market-place,
a few days ago, when it was agreed that those weavers who
are yet out, should not return to work till they obtained the
ienemonavneunfiitecltiucereriss i
old price, and when that was done, the weavers at four or five
other mills should turn-out, the delegates promising to raise
yet undecided, andtlt they t
he represented.
dressers
i
liberal subscriptions for their relief in the different districts
felt in consequence....betweengreatth
Mane/tester G uardian.
dispute
ai,d

LAW INTELLIGENCE.

COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH, JuLr 4.
(Sittings at Nisi Prius before Lord DENMAN.)

LONG V. THE LONDON ASSURANCE COMPANY.

This case, which commenced on Friday morning,"was
an action upon a fire policy for 5001. The chief pleas
put upon the record were, that the plaintiff had been
guilty of fraud, and that the fire was wilful.
Mr. PLATT, in opening the case, described the plain-
tiff as a widow, who had resided in a house of her own,
called Bagatelle-house, near Bath. Her house was
well furnished. She insured her furniture for 5001. in
the office of the defendants. By some extraordinary
circumstance, during the absence of the plaintiff and her ,
servants, on Tuesday the 25th of December, the house
was burnt to the ground. and all the furniture lost.
The plaintiff made an application to the office for pay-
ment on the policy, but they bad refused to pay her,
and she Was compelled to resort to this action ; and this
office had absolutely charged the plaintiff with having
wilfully set the premises on fire. He should show that
at the time of the fire she was absolutely on the coach
going to London, and that it was beyond possibility
that she could have known anything about the fire.
The Learned Counsel then adverted in strong terms to
the conductof these offices receiving premiums on po-
licies, and then, if any accident arose, setting the parties
at defiance and driving them to legal proceedings to obtain
that which was their due. Mr. Platt having stated
the facts, called the following witnesses.
James Bateman, Sarah Hughes, and other witnesses
stated that Mrs. Long moved from Darlington-street
Bath, in 1838, and the furniture of her house whieh
was very handsome, together with a considerable quan-
tity of plate, was taken to the new residence with her.
They judged it to be worth at least 4001.
Ellen White stated that Mrs. Long went to her
mother's, Mrs. Yeatman's house, in River-street, Bath,
on the night before the fire, and set out for London by
the coach the following morning. On leaving Baga-
telle-house, all the furniture and plate was safe. In her
cross-examination, the witness said she saw no straw or
bean sticks in the house. She had been taken out of
Mrs. Yeatmau's house by the agent of the fire-office.
Some of Mrs. Y.'s furniture had been taken to Mrs.
Long's coach-house, but without that lady's consent.
It had been so moved because there was a writ out
against Mrs. Yeatman. No goods were removed to
River-street in baskets. Did not hear of the fire for a
week after the event. Had sent Mrs. Long a Bath
Chronicle newspaper on the 27th of December, but
does not recollect whether she had been requested to
do so or not. That was the only time she had sent her
a paper. The witness fainted away after her examina-
tion to this point, and was removed out of court.
Hannah Yunnan, the mother of Mrs. Long, stated
that she was seventy-two years of age. Mrs. Long's
furniture, or any part, was not taken to her house ; she
had seen her daughter at Bagatelle on the 24th of
December, and saw the last witness there. All the
furniture was then in the house. She did not hear of
the fire until the Sunday following, when Mr. Gray,
the agent of the insurance office, came to her house,
threatened to break open the door, and took Ellen
White away. She remained in River-street for three
months, but Mr. Gray did not ask to see the furniture.
The witness was cross-examined at great length. She
said she would not answer their questions; they had
ruined her daughter, and wished to ruin her. She was
too old to be bothered. Her name had been signed
to a paper for 2001., but not by her. She could neither
read nor write, and it was a forgery.
On her re• examination she said the writ was issued
on account of the forged instrument. She had enough
to live comfortably on.
George White, and other witnesses, proved moving
goods from Mrs. Yeatman's to Bagatelle, and having
seen fragments of these goods after the fire.
Ellen White was again put into the box, and stated
she had left a tinder-box on the stairs against her mis-
tress coming home. She was now living in Norton-
street, Portland-place, at a boarding-house. Air. Gray
had treated her very violently.
Henry Cook, the policeman on duty, saw the house
on fire. The whole of the furniture was destroyed, ex-
cept a few articles saved by him.
In his cross-examination he said that he saw sticks
and straw in the parlour. The house had been insured
for 4001. in the Sun-office, and the money was paid.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL then addressed the Jury
on behalf of the defendant. He contended that before
the conclusion of the case, the Jury would be perfectly
satisfied that there was a fraud here of the deepest cha-
racter—not only was there gross fraud, but there could
be little doubt that the fire had been wilfully occasioned
by Mrs. Long and the witness Ellen White. The
Learned Counsel urged most strongly upon the Jury
that it was the imperative duty of an Assurance Com-
pany, for the benefit of the community generally, to re-
sist the payment of every demand where they felt
that there was strong ground to suspect that there
had been fraud in the transaction, and that a fire had
been wilfully occasioned. It was highly necessary that
such a case should be strictly inquired into for the
general protection of the community. The Learned
Attorney, after going with great minuteness into the
evidence, stated that there would be two questions for
their consideration—was the fire wilful ?—was the claim
fraudulent? He felt confident that he should be able to
prove both. The Learned Counsel then called a num-
ber of witnesses, when

Mr. PLATT proceeded to address the jury on the
whole case, urging that the evidence he had adduced on
behalf of the plaintiff had not been contradicted by such
witnesses as they would believe. After going through
the evidence, he said, that as respected their own
characters—as respected every honest man—he con-
jured them to throw their shield around this widow,
and prevent this foul attempt which had been made
to render her infamous for ever, by delivering their ver-
dict on every plea for the plaintiff.
Lord DENMAN then summed up the case to the jury.
The jury retired for one hour, and then returned a
verdict for the plaintiff—Damages 1001.
Mr. Platt, Mr. Richards, and Mr. Chambers were
counsel for the plaintiff ; and the Attorney-General, Sir
W. Follett, and Mr. Noggins for the defendant.