The Sun.
London, England, 1847-11-17 00:00:00

I ONDrIN. WEDNESa A Y
P-IV PIN LNG N 0 V P B /1,1 n
1 , 1847,

T Ft n 4.

IN.z.r-41`7-V'",..,,A.,-----stt,4,,wtt,v,-„ 20: ":,.,,t,ettresato-s,ft. ' -
Wad other damage, having experienced dreadful weather, ilr absa'utely mill and void to all intents and pueposes
with heavy wh'cli stove in her stern, end nearly whatsoever. New the question at issue was simply,
filled the ship with water. whether inarrietae with a deceaF-ed wife's sister came
LYNN, NOV. 16.—Tne Economy, Il'ncliffe, of and for within the prohibited degrees of affinity. Prohibition
Hull, from Barwick, get upon the Long Sand 13th i :sr by what? By whom ? It might be prohibited by
and filled; she has since been got oft and brought in
the laws of Goal, by the canons of the church or by
here much damaged. the ccyttnion er statute law of the land. The 4 and 5
SWANSEA, Nov. 16 —The barque Henry, Potts, of
and from Liverpool, for Cardiff, ran on the Sker-weather William IV. determined those marriages which came
this morning, and afterwards broke up ; crew (exceia within the proliibitel degrces. The Act of Henry VIII.
one) saved. lie concaive.l, contained the whole law of England
PORT TALBt,T, Nov. 16. The Ann an I Sarah, on the ,itije and presented to their Lordships this
Hawk, for Bristol, got ashore on the Bar yesterday important question ripe for their judgment. The
morning, and sunk, but it is expected she is ill Le got off statute, which was passed in 1540, stated that marriage
to-day. might be contracted in the Church of England be-
tween parties if they were not prohibited by the law
of God or the law of the land. Therefore, all mar-
riages were le wful which were not against the law of
God as promulgated in the book of Leviticus. It
was right that he should state to the Court
that the happiness of tens of thousands of persons
depended upon the construction which might be put
upon this matter by the Court. Marriage was an
institution enjoined by the Almighty, and was a
human tribunal to restrain the liberty given to
man by God ? Surely no. No human tribunal had
a right to place any restraint upon the natural desire
of man to enter into the institution of marriage,
unless the act was proved to be immoral, and against
the command of the Supreme Being, that man should
contract marriage of his own free choice. It might
be said to be unnatural for a young girl of 16 or 18
to marry a man of 80 years of age, and for ladies
of high rank to marry pot-boys, or for persons afflicted
with hereditary diseases to marry, yet the Legislature
did not interfere with such marriages; there was no
interference, except, perhaps, with royal marriages.
He contended, therefore, that the law must be largely
and liberally construed by their L )rdships in favour
of the liberty of man. For 1,500 years before the
advent of our Saviour, the law, as set down in
Leviticus. had been practised without restraint or
censure by the Jews ; and up to the time he spoke
the practice had not fallen into disuetude, but
had been extensively followed. Some centuries ago
a Council of Bishops assembled in a small town in
Spain, and framed laws, forbidding clergymen to
marry, and commanding those who were married to
repudiate their wives, making laws, at the same time,
for the government of marriages for the future. But
they must not take the law from the dicta of
" Popes, priests, and councils," they must look at the
words of the Bible—for fallible man had commit-
ted, in dealing with the question, many
gross errors; for instance, these " Popes,
priests, and councils," had determined that it
was unlawful for a man to marry his seventh cousin.
But they must not take the book of Leviticus as a
perfect code of laws with respect to marriage—they
must seek for some interpretation of its meaning in
the natural feelings and dispositions of men. The
18th chapter of Leviticus stated that a man might
marry " those near of kin to him ;" whilst
the 21st chapter explained, that what was
meant by this was, that a man might
not marry his mother nor his sister, and
that a daughter might not marry her father or her
brother. There was no prohibition against a man
marrying his grandmother or his great-grandmother.
Such marriages were not forbidden, because they
were deemed too unnatural and extraordinary to be
possible. The words in the 16th verse of the same
chapter had been made the foundation of this pro-
hibition. " Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of
thy brother's wife : it is thy brother's nakedness."
Though a man was forbidden in these words to
marry his brother's widow, their Lordships could
not therefore consider them to import that a
man was forbidden to marry his deceased wife's
sister. He was at a loss to understand on what
ground, after the law of God had been practised for
4,000 years, it was sought to he impugned, and a
different import put upon it. If the passage he had
just quoted stood alone, it would be an absolute prohi-
bition ; but it did not stand alone. The Scripture
said further, " Thou shalt not marry thy wife's sister
in her lifetime to vex her," and it was
well known that Jacob married two sisters,
Rachel and Leah, and they were told that
during the life of his first wife his domestic tribula-
tion with the two was great. Let the Court permit
hiM, without irreverence, to assume that the Bible
was an English Act of Parliament, would they in
that case hold that such a marriage was unlawful ?
The Jews of this and other countries had for thou-
sands of years married in this way, and no doubt
had been cast upon the validity of their contracts. It
was contended, on the other side, that the translation
of the Bible was incorrect, as the Hebrew and
Greek differed ; and that in reality the Bible
was opposed to polygamy altogether. The marriage
of Henry the Eighth with Catherine, his deceased '
brother's wife, was deemed to be strictly in conformity
with the law of God, but it was subsequently an-
nulled by another Parliament, showing how made-
quate man was to interpret properly the law of God.
Returns had been received from not more than one-
third of the kingdom, and they showed that since
the statute of William IV. upwards of 1,600 of these
marriages with deceased wife's sisters had been con-
tracted by nobles and poor men, clergymen, bar-
risters, officers in the army and navy ; and on a fair
calculation, the question of the legitimacy of the
5,000 of the issue of these marriages depended upon
the decision of the Court, and 500 petitions had been
presented to Parliament in favour of the passing of an
Act legalising all these marriages. The Bishop of Lan-
ded' had interpreted the law of God as he (the Learned
Counsel) had stated it, although he doubted its expe-
diency. The Learned Counsel stated, that the fact
of the law of man having been altered four times since
the time of Henry VIII., showed that they should
rely solely in this matter on the law of God; and
having referred to a number of old statutes and autho-
rities, concluded by contending that the Court ought
to decide in his favour.
Mr. APSLAND replied, and contended, on the
strength of numerous authorities which he cited, that
;he marriage was void.
The further hearing of the arguments was ad-
ourned.

MARKET NEWS.--(THIS DAY.)

CORN EXCHANGE—WEDNESDAY
Although the arrivals of English Wheat for our
market this week have been by no means extensive,
the show of samples here to-day, owing to a clearance
not being effected cn Monday, was somewhat on the
increase. All kinds met a very inactive demand at the
late decline in the quotations. The imports of Foreign
Wheat have been somewhat large. Selected qualities
were in fair request, and at full prices ; but all other
descriptions were a very slow inquiry. The sale for
Barley and Malt was very dull, and the quotations had
a downward tendency. The best parcels of Oats sold
steadily, at full currencies ; otherwise, the Oat trade
ruled dull. Beans and Peas were easier to purchase,
but all other articles, including both English and Foreign
'lour, were held at full prices.
ARRIVALS.
Wheat. Barley.
1,760 qrs. 4,520 qrs.

English • • •• • •
Irish.
Foreign •• •• • •

Oats. I Flour.
1,050 qrs. I 1.710 sks.
5,010 I --
2,350

1,090
Malt. 1.980 an.
WHITECLI.ELPEZ.

9,190

The general demand was very firm this morning, at
full prices. Beef, from 2s 8d to 4s ; Mutton, 3s 4d to
4s 6d; Veal, 3s 8d to 4s 8d ; and Pork, 4s to 5s per
81bs by the carcase.

CHANCERY.—(THIS DAY.)
The LORD CHANCELLOR sat in his Court at West-
minster to-day, to give several judgments, and to
hear appeals.

EXCHEQUER.—(THIS DAY.)
(Sittings in Banco.)
The ATTORNEY• GENERAL made application to the
Court to have the case of Captain Denman (which is
appointed for a trial at bar), fixed for December 6th.
The grounds upon which he based his application
were that the attendance of a large number of officers
connected with the Government was required, and
that regulations had been made for their attendance
upon that day.
The CouuT accordingly fixed Dec. 6 for the trial.

BUSINESS OF THE COURT.
Public notice was given that the Court would sit
in Banco upon the Ist, 3d, and 6th days of December,
for the purpose of procet ding with such cases upon
the new trial and demurrer paper as were not then
disposed of. This arrangement would not interfere
with the sittings at Nisi Prius.

COMMON PLEAS.—(THIS DAY.)
(Sittings in Banco.)
The Court took the demurrer paper to-day, but no
case of any general interest came under discussion
during the morning.

SECONDARIES'.—(THIS DAY.)
(Before Mr. Secondary JAMES.)
FOWLER V. FREEBUER.
This was an action to recover the sum of 421.25. 4d.
on a bill of exchange accepted by the plaintiff for the
a
thereon,
ec oni m odanadt ()1 of
51.17 s
.the6d defendant,bought3 forfor
and interestde
livered to him. The defendant suffered judgment to
go by default, and this was an inuir toasasesrso.
mise The admission of liability on the bid, and
to pay, was clearly made out. The goods charged
for were wines forwarded from Guernsey, but there
was no evidence of delivery. The clerk to the plain-
tiff s attorney was called, and proved serving the
writ, with the amount of the claim endorsed, also
with the particulars of demand, and notice of exe-
cuting the writ of inquiry, on each of which occa-
sions defendant said he knew that the plaintiff was
entitled to the amount, but he was unable to pay at
the time. No sum was mentioned, as the defendant
had the documents in his hands at the time.
The Learned SECONDARY held that as no notice
had been given to produce the writ or particulars,
the amount could not be inferred. There was no
doubt as to the bill, but he was bound to tell the
jury that there was no evidence as to the amount of
the goods sold, but the plaintiff was entitled to a
verdict for nominal damages on that count.
The jury after consulting for about a quarter of
an hour, gave a verdict for the full amount.
The Learned SECOND/ART said that the jury had,
in all probability, done no injustice, but their verdict
was open to legal objection.
A Juror said they might, in the absence of evi-
dence, as well infer that 51. 17s. 6d. was due as ls.
The SECONDARY said that defendant, by not plead-
, ing, admitted something was due, and plaintiff would
have been entitled, in order to get costs, to a nominal
verdict, although the debt itself had been paid.

MARLBRO'-STREET—(THIS DAY.)
Benedict Murphy, a respectable middle aged man,
was placed at the bar before Mr. Bingham, charged
with embezzling various sums of money, amounting
to 251., received on account of his employer, Mr.
Thomas Walker, stove manufacturer and iron founder,
of No. 48, Oxford-street, Birmingham, and 302,
Oxford-street, London.
The prosecutor stated that, ;about five months ago,
he employed the prisoner to collect a number of out-
standing accounts, at a commission of ten per cent.
for his trouble. He gave him a list of the debts, and
requested that, as soon as he received any part of the
money, to pay it directly to Mr. Spencer, his clerk,
in London. From information he subsequently re-
ceived prosecutor was induced to come to Lyndon,

and, On seeing Mr. Spencer, was informed that the
prisoner had received upwards of 361., and had paid
in only 81., keeping the rest for himself. He caused
an inquiry to be instituted amongst the parties who
owed the money, when it was ascertained that the
whole of them had paid the prisoner, and produced
receipts as an acknowledgment thereof. He then
caused the prisoner to be taken into custody.
Mr. Henry Lee, No.. 50, Noel-street, Islington,
produced three receipts for the following sums-5/.
paid on the 12th of July, 51. on the 16th of August,
and 2/. 10s. 9d. on the 26th of August. The pri-
soner received the money, and signed the receipts.
Mrs. Jane Gumins, No. 9, Quickset-row, New-
road, said on the 28th of August she paid the pri-
soner 21., and on the 18th of September 11.; the pri-
soner signed the receipts for the same.
Mr. Samuel Spencer, clerk to the prosecutor, said
he was requested by Mr. Walker to make out the
bills of the outstanding debts, and to give them to
the prisoner to collect. The prisoner was told by
Mr. Walker to hand over to witness all the money
that he collected, and not to keep any in hand for a
single day. The prisoner had not accounted to him
for any of the above sums.
The prisoner denied the charge of embezzlement,
and said when he was engaged by Mr. Walker that
gentleman did not state that there was to be any
specific time for the money to be paid to Mr.
Spencer. He would repay Mr. Walker if he was
allowed a few days.
Mr. BINGHAM remanded him till Monday next.

INCREAS 'FAX.

(Prim the Times.)
Among the many questions of the crisis, there is
one of a very old fashioned sort beginning to pre:s for
an answer. The nation is at this time living on its
capital. It has recently added nine millions to its
debt, a process which reduces the credit of the nation
by that amount, and entails the addition of about
270,0001. to the annual expenditure. The question
is, how is this loss to be met ? Are we to leave it
alone, letting it stand over as a bequest to posterity ?
Or are we to do our very best to retrieve it in a few
years, and to transmit the estate to our children with
no more encumbrances than we found on it when it
came into our hands ? The latter of these is the snore
honest and more !wilily course. There is not a more
genuine and honourable object of pride than the
preservation of inheritances from waste and decay.
It is not, indeed, always permitted to man. Na-
tions, as well as individuals, are occasionally
obliged to preserve their existence or their liberty
at the cost of their substance. We will assume,
what it is useless to doubt, that such was the
necessity under which this empire was placed by
the overwhelming pressure of the continental war,
when itself, its possessions, and its trade were con-
tinually menaced and circumscribed by a furious and
powerful foe. In that extraordinary case there might
be no alternative than to charge on the future for
ever the stupendous cost of the national ransom. But
there is no such necessity now. It would be weak
to allege that a paltry nine millions can never be re-
paid, and that our posterity in A.D.2000 must still
be paying the cost of Irish relief in 1847. No ; with
our resources, we ought to wipe nine millions from
the score at most in nine years. With a revenue,
however, now on the decline, with a prospect of in-
creased demands on the Imperial Exchequer, with
economy, too, somewhat overdone, it is evident
we cannot liquidate the debt recently con-
tracted without fresh taxation. To that, in fact,
we must come. It is a serious question whether we
have not gone too far in the plausible and self-
indulgent plan of fiscal remission ; and whether we
should not have done very much better to apply the
surplus of good years to the abatement of our intoler-
able debt. The removal of those taxes which pressed
upon industry was a sound speculation. The re-
moval of those which checked consumption might
afford some relief; and make us more comfortable for
the time, without any immediate injury to the Ex-
chequer. So far, however, from adding to the capital
of the nation, an increased consumption of less neces-
sary articles can only be looked on in the same light
as an increased private expenditure, which we know
must make a man poorer, as far as it goes. It is still
a question, therefore, whether we have made a right
use of the savings which Providence lately threw
in our way. There is a growing opinion that
nations ought to seize the earliest opportunity for
extinguishing what they can of their debt, and
ought not to leave more than a moderate term of
indebtedness to their children. In this respect our
cousins across the Atlantic are teaching us a very
useful lesson. So long as a state, however, can be
sure of its own resolution to keep down its debts by
redeeming in good years the obligations contracted in
bad ones, it is much more convenient to reduce the
whole debt, old and new, to one simple and easily
negotiable form, as is our practice. We are only in-
sisting on the principle of keeping the debt down,
even at some temporary
inconvenience,
by a sustained
or even augmented taxation. Of all the forms of
taxation likely to come under review, perhaps the
easiest to collect, and at the same time the most pro-
ductive, would be the addition of two or three per
cent. to the Property and Income-tax. To that tax,
however, in its present form, there are serious ob-
jections often noticed in these columns, and, as it
happens, new more than ever apparent. The history
of this lamentable year sufficiently proves the uncer-
tain tenure and fluctuating amount of incomes
derived from trades and professions. The almost
daily catastrophes announced in our City ar-
ticles, and the increasing record of lesser mis-
fortunes presented by the Gazette, render it
probable that Income-tax, perhaps to the amount
of hundreds of thousands has been paid this
last year on profits starved below zero, and
doomed soon to expire altogether. The same crisis
which renders a new tax necessary has, in a multi-
tude of instances, almost, or even quite, annihilated
income. All trades dependent on the price of colo-
nial produce, or on the condition of the money-
market, have proved not only unprofitable, but ruin-
ous. There could not be a greater mockery than a
tax on commercial incomes at this moment, when
there can be no doubt they do not generally exist,
except in the negative form of annual deficiencies.
Nor is it much to the purpose to allege that where
there is no income there mill be no tax. The ob-
jection felt to confessing no income is almost as
great as that felt against a more specious return.
If the emergency is to be met by raising the pro-
perty and income tax to five per cent., now is the
timb to remedy, if possible, the original imperfections
of the measure. .Now is the time to change it into a
property-tax, in which income will not be excluded,
but only estimated as property, according to its
marketable value. We have often exposed the in-
justice of taxing at the same rate as an estate in land
an income which, as property, is worth only five or
six years' purchase at the very most, which may fall
off next year, and cease altogether the year after. A
property-tax, to comprehend income estimated as
property, would present some difficulties of adjust-
ment, and perhaps would never be quite clear of
anomalies, so many and so fine are the gradations
from income to property. We see, however, no
insuperable difficulty, and, even if there should be a
few smaller anomalies, they are preferable to one
monster injustice, which falls heavy on poverty, and
exacts as much from the breath of the nostrils, from
the tongue, from the pen, from ephemeral reputation
and credit, from the capricious fancies of the multi-
tude and every. other sort of fickleness, as from
houses and lands, pits and mines, railways and canals,
and, more solid than all the rest, the Three per Cent.
Consols.

ELECTION OF LORD RECTOR
OF, GLASGOW UNIVERSITY.
GLASGOW, MONDAY AFTERNOON.
This election has been decided to day, after a very
keeii struggle. Lord John Russell has been defeated
by Mr. Mure, of Caldwell, M.P. for Renfrewshire.
The defeat is the more marked as it has been almost
the universal custom to return the Lord Rector for
the second year, Lord John having been elected to
the office in 1846, when he was unsuccessfully op-
posed by Mr. Wordsworth.
The following is the state of the poll:
NATIO LOUDONIANA.
Lord John Russell .. 43
Mure, of Caldwell .. .. 17

Majority for Russell ..
NATIO GLOTTIAI%A.

Ohre
Russell

tir 4 '
ti 4 t bittor

MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS.

NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN
THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, NOV. 13, 1847.
Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ... 322
Diseases of Uncertain Seat ..„ 92
Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 131
Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs of •
Respiration ... 299
Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels 43
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other. Organs
of Digestion ... -• • •• • •• • 97
Diseases of the Kidne)s, &c.
Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, &c. 17
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles 11
Diseases of the Skin, &c. ••• ••• 3
Old Age, er Natural Decay ... 46
Deaths by Violence, Privation, or Intemperance ... 27
Causes not specified
DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES

88
... 77

inure
Russell

Majority for Alure
NATIO TRANBFORTIIANA.

... 1,098

Alure
Russell

Majority for Mure
NATIO ROTIIShIANA,

... 100
... 81

Majority for Mure ... • • 19
Mr. Mure has thus been elected by a majority of
natiuns and separate votes.

Po••ulation Average weekly Deaths
Enumerwed, Deaths, 1842-8. In the
1841. Five Autumns. Week.
West Districts... 301,326 . . 146 ... 173
North Districts.. 376,396 ... 184 ... 215
Central Districts 374,759 ... 196 ... 210
East Districts ... 393,247 ... 232 ... 221
South Districts .. 502,483 ... 288 ... 279

Totals... ..... 1,948,211 ... 1,046 ... 1,098
Alales ... ... ... ... ... 549
Females ~. ... ... ... ... 549

WRECK of the STEPHEN WHITNEY
LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY.
The following letter has been received to-day :
" Canton House, Skibbereen, Nov. 13.

BIRTHS IN THE WEEK.

" Gentlemen,—Being informed by the chief mate
of the unfortunate Stephen Whitney packet-ship that
you are agents for the property, I beg leave to in-
troduce myself as the Receiver of Droits of the Ad-
miralty in this district, and to state that I am making
every possible exertion to secure whatever portion
may be saved; and I regret to say there appears a
disposition to secrete rather than give up the goods.
However, I hope by intimidation and inducement to
persuade the salvors that honesty is the best policy.
I am just returning from Crookhaven and Skull, and
proceed to-morrow to Baltimore and along that coast,
where some articles have been removed.

Males
Females

0.0 •• • 638
... 637

Total

... 1,275

WORSHIP-STREET.—(THIS DAY.)
It will be recollected by our readers that a lad,
named William Newton Allnntt, twelve years of age,
was a few days ago charged at this office with steal-
ing a gold watch and appendages and other articles,
the property of his grandmother, Mrs. Sarah Nelme,
widow of the late Mr. Nelme, of No. 2, Grove-place;
Hackney, respecting whose mysterious death by
poison a protracted inquiry is going on before Dir.
Baker, the coroner. The youthful prisoner was this
morning again brought before Mr. Hammill, for final
examination.

" I shall be most happy to meet your wishes in any
way my services can be available on this distressing
occasion.—l have the honour to be yours, very cbe-
diently, " H. HIGGINSON,
"Receiver of Droits of Admiralty.
" Mears. S. and J. Sands."

The prisoner was brought up in the prison van,
his friends, who are highly respectable, having re-
fused to become bail for him for reasons which it was
then deemed imprudent to state.
The Rev. Mr. Goodchild, Rector of St. John's,
Hackney, and several respectable individuals in the
parish, as also the solicitor of the family of the de-
ceased, attended to watch the proceedings.
Mr. John Cass Waller, of the N division, stated
that having been informed that the above-mentioned
property had, in some way, disappeared from the re-
sidence of the deceased gentleman a few hours after his
death, he lost no time in instituting the necessary search
after the missing property, when he at length received
a message from Mrs. Allnutt, the prisoner's mother,
and daughter of the deceased, requesting witness's
prompt attendance at the house, as her son had made
a voluntary confession of considerable importance.
He immediately repaired thither, and on the prisoner's
introduction to him, the former at once acknow-
ledged that he had stolen the articles in question
from one of the drawers in his grandmother's bed-
room, and that he had afterwards thrown them from
the parapet of an upper room into the gutter of an
adjoining house. Accompanied by constable Spinks,
276 N, he at once repaired to the place pointed out,
and there the property was found by Spinks wrapped
in a piece of bed ticken. The prisoner, on being
told that he must be taken into custody, begged for
forgiveness, and said that he had been tempted to
commit the act, but in what way he could not tell
exactly.
Police-constable Spinks corroborated the greater
portion of his inspector's statement, and added that on
conveying the lad to the station-house he was very
communicative, and although witness had repeatedly
cautioned him not to do so, he at length exclaimed,
" I will, I will tell you all the truth; my grand-
mother, as she was passing through the parlour,
struck her basket against a table, and her keys fell
out; I picked them up, but kept back the key of the
drawer, which contained the watch, &c."
Mrs. Sarah Nelme said she is grandmother-in-law
to the prisoner, who is twelve years of age. He re-
sided with her up to and since the death of her hus-
band. The watch and appendages, &c., now pro-
duced belonged to her husband and was now hers,
she having been left sole executrix.

" P.S. There are but 18 bales of cotton, 56
cheeses, and 17 casks of rosin saved up to yesterday;
but I hope to report considerably more to-morrow or
next day. When there is a quantity it will be ne-
cessary to make further arrangements than those
done."

Sergeant Hawkes, No. 6 N, deposed that he was
sent by the coroner to the house of Mrs. Nelme to
make some inquiries about the above key, &c.,
touching the inquest upon the body of the late hus-
band of Mrs. Nelme who had so mysteriously and
suddenly died, and which is now pending. The key
alluded to was given to him by Mrs. Simpson.
Mrs. Simpson explained, that the key in question
had been found behind one of the sofas on its being
removed. She was at the time on a visit at Mrs.
Nelme's.

Mr. liemmiLL ordered the prisoner to be removed
into the deposition-room preparatory to his full com-
mittal for trial.

STATE OF TRADE.

MANCHESTER, TUESDAY.—Again, after a gradual
amelioration in the state of business at the close of
one week, has the prospect of substantial and perma-
nent improvement been clouded by the announce-
ment of serious disasters at the commencement of the
week ensuing. On Thursday, Friday, and Saturday
last, as well as yesterday, there was a decidedly more
cheerful feeling here, and some rather extensive pur-
chases were made for the Levant and other foreign
markets, though without any very decided improvement
in prices. This morning, however, the announcement of
the failure of the extensiveand well- known firm of
Trueman and Cook, of London, cast a serious gloom
upon the market, and the improved feeling which had
previously been experienced, though not entirely lost,
was sensibly diminished. Although this failure does
not directly affect Manchester to any considerable
extent, it must produce results injurious to general
credit, and postpone for a time that restoration of
confidence which is so necessary to the commerce of
the country. Most of our readers are, no doubt,
aware that Messrs. Trueman and Cook carried on an
exceedingly extensive business as produce brokers,
and, in that capacity, made advances on produce
placed in their hands, usually by accepting the drafts
of the owners. Latterly, we believe, they had made
very large advances in this way to Reid, Irving,
and Co:, Gower and Nephews, Barclay Brothers,
Cockerill and Co., and other houses which have
recently. suspended payment. These advances were
made principally on sugar, coffee, and indigo, all of
which have latterly suffered such a serious decline in
price, as, in all probability, to reduce the proceeds
of sales considerably below the sums advanced. It
is stated in the City article of the Times of to-day,
that the immediate cause of the failure was the
presentation of a bill for 10,0001., which Trueman
and Cook had accepted for Gower and Nephews,
and which had been discounted by the Bank
of England. It is generally understood that the
liabilities of the house, which are now stated at about
350,0001., were, a few months ago, very much larger,
and probably exceeded 1,000,000/. As the capital
of the house was always understood to be ample, and
its business, until recently, very profitable, we,.be-
lieve there cannot be a doubt of a favourable liqui-
dation; and the partners so far retain the confidence
of their friends, that they will be enabled to carry
on their business as brokers for the sale of produce.
There is no material change in the condition of the
working classes in this district, except that the con-
tinuance of the want of employment and the gradual
approach of winter begins to press with increased
severity upon their scanty resources ; and the
suffering is daily increasing, particularly in Ashton-
under-Lyne, Oldham, Stockport, and Blackburn.
At Ashton, the mills are still at a stand ; but, we
believe, there is little doubt that the lapse of a
few days will witness a termination of the strike. At
Mossley, the mills have all, or nearly all, resumed
work, though generally for half time only. In all
quarters, and under all circumstances, the conduct
and demeanour of the workpeople under their very
severe privations prdiivffaetrieonncseacoasntintuoe exemplary.tmheostamountafwages
Even
exist between themselves and their employers, there
are no symptoms of violence or disorder.
The weekly return of the employment of mills and
workpeople in the borough of Manchester will not
be made up till this day, in consequence of the infor-
mation being intended to be given in an improved
form. We understand, however, that the figures, as
far as they had been returned from the different'
police divisions, do not exhibit much improvement in
havein had
attend-
ancean
of
the amount of employment.
ROCHDALE,
u 1 l
market,MON D A
there' I-IdasaYbeen a tll
we
d buyers, and a very limited number of pieces
extremelyhave been sold, at prices less than those of the pre-
In wool there has been little or no-
ctheidninggdozekg..
The sellers have no desire to part with
their wool except for cash, and that is extremely
scarce.
HALIFAX, SATURDAY There has been a better
attendance of merchants in the piece-hall to-day than
for many months, and rather more business has been
done, both in plain and fancy goods, but chiefly in the
latter. Prices, however, are exceedingly low, and
we understand that many offers were declined by the
manufacturers, on account of the extreme lowness of
the rates offered. The demand for yarn has slightly
improved. The merchants engage in operations with
more confidence, and there is reason to hope, that
until the close of the shipping season, there will be a

ttlimore activity. The banie caution prevails
purchasing wool, and the same limited t.upply frola
the country. Prices are without variatlon. In rho: C
wools there is no alteration to notice.
HUDDERSFIELD, TUESDAY.—We have had a vt•7
gloomy week, and the market to-d.ly has not in:-
proved our condition. The announcement of t! s
stoppage of a Leeds house, appears to have no foundll-
tion, and causes regret that such unfounded repor7s
should appear, when confidence is already too mucA
shaken.

LEEDS, TUESDAY.—We have had a quiet market,
and very little doing, to-day, at prices about the sime
as last week.—Mancheste,• Gliardiun.

SALE OF RAILWAY SHARES BY
AUCTION.—('THIS DA Y.)
At the see of Railway Shares to-day, by Mes...-r 3
Lamonl and Co., priors Were raner Th:!
lowing are a few of the quotatiLns:—
Calcutta and St. George's Point - 0 2 6
Belgian Eastern JuLction... •••• •••• 0 6 6
Leicester and IlielfOrd
Shrewsbury and Hereford
South-Eastern and Dover, No. 4 3 14 0
Redding and IZ,_iigate 6 15 0
11irinnurharn and Oxford tine; iok ..... 18 10 0
Arnherrate, Nottinqinun, and Boston.— 0 12 6
Manchester and Southampton.. ...... 0 7 6
Eastern Counties, York Extension 8 0 0
Eastern Counties ..... ........ 16 3 U

THE LATE ASSASSINATION AT

CRACOW.

- - - - - :
We have received the teilowleg details of the I,.te
assassination of the President of the Courts
Political Offences at Cracow, on the evenine of the
4th instant. The daring manner in which the cruse
was committed is truly astonishing. It was at eight
o'clock in the evening that the president was return-
ing to his domicile, situated at the end of St. Anne-
street, and almost touching St. Anne's Church. The
night was densely dark, and he was preceded by an
orderly bearing a lantern. They were walking on in
silence, when the president suddenly made a remark
on the darkness, and said how easy it would he for a
man to attack them without being perceived. De
prophetic words were the last that passed his s.
Almost at the same moment two tall figures wrapt; d
up in cloaks passed the soldier. On arriving near t:-.e
president, one of them exclaimed "Ten !" (it is hi::,)
whereupon the other tapped him upon the should, r,
and said, "How fares it, comrade ?" As the preside nt
turned his head towards his unknown questioner, ti►e
other stranger fired a pistol at his head, at only a few
inches distance, and the unfortunate man fell down
dead immediately. Another account states, that one
of the men remained in the distance, whilst the
other seized the victim by the throat with his left
hand, and blew his brains out with the other. A
mysterious silence prevailed during this tragic act.
The boldness of the act will be doubly wondered at
when it is known that only a few hundred yards
higher up Caere is a guard house, and the regular
sentries before the castle. The orderly seems to have
been so taken by surprise as not to have been capal to
of doing anything. The report of the pistol was dis-
tinctly heard in many parts of the town. A sentinel
on duty at the castle, which is situated on an emi-
nence, saw the flash of the pistol. The armed fore
was on the spot in a moment, but the corpse of tae
murdered man was all they found—all clue to the
murderers was in vain. All the gates were imme-
diately closed, and all persons in the street arreste 1.
Up to the present moment nothing has transpired to
discover the assassins. Suspicion rests on some of
the political offenders who have been set at large ; it
was also but recently that five escaped from prison.
One of these, a priest, is said to have written threat-
ening letters to the President, saying he had friends
in Cracow who would pay him off according to his
merits. Placards announcing that the President
Zajaczkowski had been assassinated, and offering a
reward for the apprehension of the murderer, was
stuck up next day, but some unknown hands took
them down, and substituted others to the effect that
sixteen other persons were doomed to the same death
as the President. The latter is said to have been
advised by his friends to be less severe in his proceed.
ings against political offenders, but always laughed
at them, saying that he knew very well who he had
to deal with.