The Sun.
London, England, 1840-04-23 00:00:00

No. 14,858.

LONDON, THURSDAY, .APRIL 23, 1840.

MR. CARLYLE'S LECTURES ON
HEROES, HERO WORSHIP, and the HEROIC
in HUMAN HISTORY.
SIX LECTURES to be DELIVERED at 17, Edward-
street, Portman-square, at Three o'Clock, P.M., on Tu&SDAY.
May &, and the succeeding Tuesdays and Fridays. Lecture I.
—The Hero as Divinity. Lecture ll.—As Prophet. Lecture
lII.—As Poet. Lecture IV.—As Priest. Lecture V.—As
Man of Letters. Lecture Vl.—As King.
Subscription to the Course One Guinea.
Syllabuses and Tickets to be had of Mr. Fraser, publisher,
215, Regent-street, and at the Lecture-room.

PUBLICATIONS.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

THE CROPS AND WEATHER.

DOHLER, LISZT, and THALBERG.
NEW WORKS by the above distinguished
Pianists, including Twelve Grand Studies, with the
Capriccio Obligato for the Left viand, by Dobler ; a Divertisse-
ment and Three Fantasias on Swiss Airs, by Liszt ; " Souve-
nir de Beethoven," a grand Fantasia, and a Romance and
Study, by S. Thalberg.
201, Regent-street, Cramer and Co.

FROM TAR MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
( From the Morning Herald.)
The repeal agitation will prove a failure. O'Connell
himself is, gradually, assuming, more and more, the
character of a failure. As for the Whigs, they have long
been synonymous not merely with failure, but with all
that is most discreditable to public men. When the day
shall arrive in which the " holy alliance" between O'Con-
nell and the present Ministers shall be dissolved—(and
that day cannot be far distant—the next general election
ushers it in)—the public may hope to be enlightened by
some curious disclosures as to the history
of these various
" agitations"—from the agitation about the appropriation
clause, down to the last agitation in favour of a Repeal of
the Union. Meanwhile, let the coarse, crouching, trea-
cherous mendicant do his worst, Whatever may be his
course, he will find himself over-matched. He lacks
courage to be a rebel ; and nothing short of successful
rebellion can save him and his Ministerial confederates
from the gulf that yawns to receive them 1
(From the Morning Post.)
It is not a little painful to find that even the least disre-
putable among the partisans of the present Government
do not hold themselves above the disgraceful stratagem of
exciting odium against Lord Stanley's Bill by a delibe-
rately false account of its nature and intention. They
call it Lord Stanley's Bill for restricting
the franchise of
the Irish people. No one can look at the Bill xithout per-
ceiving that this is false. From the prean:ble, which
asserts the expediency of amending the registration of
voters in Ireland, to the very last word of the Bill, there
is nothing to be found in it which touches the fran-
chise. The measure relates wholly and solely to the
registration of those who have the franchises, cr any one of
them, which were defined and established by the Reform
Act. It is really monstrous that this plain state of the
case should be so perverted, even by persons who profess,
generally, some regard to truth and honesty. No one can
deny the fact that, owing to the system of registration
now in existence, many persons vote who have not any of
the franchises defined and established by the Reform Act.
To remedy this abuse is the object of Lord Stanley's Bill.

WILTS.—The last eight weeks have been dry and
cold, highly favourable to the working of the land, and
equally prejudicial to vegetation. Some addition has
been made to spring-sown wheat. Beans, peas, and
oats arc put in well. Barley sowing is not so forward
as the fineness of the season would lead us to expect,
many persons objecting to sow while the weather con-
tinues so frosty ; the land is now very dry, and what
remains to be sown will not come up evenly. Wheat,
where it was sown early, in sheltered situations, or on
highly cultivated soils, is strong and healthy, and we
think about half of the entire breadth sown is of this
description ; but the late sown, that in bleak situations,
or on the wet sandy soils, or such as is in a bad state
of cultivation, is looking very bad for such, and the
spring-sown wheat, the weather has been particularly
unfavourable, and leaves but little probability of its com-
ing to an early harvest, or an average crop. Winter
vetches are nearly all destroyed by the frost ; of trefoil
also but little is left, and the other grasses are much
injured, which makes against the prospect of a crop of
hay. Sheep arc generally poor; the breed of lambs
rather deficient ; keep scarce—hay getting dearer.—

Independent.
WEST SOMERSET.—Throughout the past month we
have had cold dry weather, with sharp frosty nights,
which have been of great service in pulverising the
land recently broke up for spring corn. We never
remember having a better season for tilling beans and
oats, and barley goes into tho ground in excellent con-
dition. Our wheats (particularly the late sown) want
ram very much. The country everywhere presents an
unusually barren appearance. Our Swedish turnips
are nearly all consumed, and the winter tares are shock.
ingly backward. Sheep, in many places, are almost in
a state of starvation, and the owners drive them from
one market to another without being able to dispose
of them at almost any price. At many sales which
have taken place within the last fortnight, good cou-
ples of ewes and lambs have been sold at from 255. to
30s. per couple. The sale of lean bullocks within
the last month has been rather dull, although prices
have not much receded ; this dulness may be attri-
buted to the general backwardness of the season
and the high price of hay, which is now selling at 4/.
10s. per ton, and taken by water into Wales, where it
realizes 71. per ton. Fat sheep are got very scarce, and
the best wethers are worth 'Lljd. to Bd. per lb, ; lamb
comes to market rather thin, the best quarters are sold
at Os. to 10s. each ; fat bullocks, of which we have a
moderate supply, are worth 10s. to 106. 6d. per score.
Our corn markets continue steady, and have varied hut
little in price for some months past ; the best wheat is
worth 10s. per bushel ; malting barley, 6s. ; beans, 6s. ;
oats, 3s. per bushel. The wool trade still remains in
the same languid state. Dorset horn and Southdown
from lad. to 14d., Knott 12d. to lad. per lb. Pota-
toes are rather scarce, and arc selling at 6s. per bag of
1601bs. Good family cyder is worth 50s. per hogshead ;
the late frosts and cold winds will in all probability
prove beneficial to the next crop of apples. We can
hardly give an opinion thus early, still the orchards pre-
sent a favourable appearance for the grower.—Bristol

(From the Morning Chronicle.)
The Bishop of London's speech at Chelmsford, on
which we commented the other day, contains a statement
too important and timely to be overlooked. The Right
Reverend Prelate very justly describes the uselessness of
what is called Church Extension, if it be not preceded by
popular education. " When," said his Lordship, " new
churches wore built, they would be of comparatively
little use if the rising generation were not brought up in
the principles and doctrines of Christianity, as taught
by the Church." Undoubtedly, without a previous
religious education, the proposed new churches will
be of little use ; and without any previous educa-
tion, the probability is, that they will be of no use at all.
The motion, therefore, of which Sir Robert Inglis has
given notica, for a grant of public money to build new
churches, is shown by the Bishop of London's most un-
questionable statement to be altogether premature. The
brick and mortar would be a wanton waste till the rising
generation be better instructed. The grossly ignorant
cannot profit by clerical ministrations, nor will they attend
to them. " Building the walls" is, as the Bishop convinc-
ingly argued, a subordinate endeavour to that of attempt-
ing "to furnish them with persons to fill them." And
that can only be done by the general diffusion of educa-
tion. Apart, therefore, from all objections arising out of
the diversity of Theological opinions ; apart from all the
sacred civil rights of Protestant Dissenters and Roman
Catholics; taking the question only on the narrowest epis-
copalian ground, church extension is no better than a job,
until it is preceded and prepared for by national education.
(From the Times.)
Our language has for years expressed the strongest dis-
satisfaction at the successive insults received by the Bri-
tish flag, and at the plans of aggression upon our rights, or
encroachment upon our commercial or territorial interests,
deliberately and systematically prosecuted by rival States
course of policy to which they were encouraged, as
we have always felt, by the tameness under injury, and
slowness to resent, exhibited by the Melbourne Cabinet.
We have habitually urged a vigorous tone towards
unfriendly Governments, not as leading to warfare with
them, but as directly tending to prevent it, by teaching
them the practical disadvantage of deviating from a course
of amicable and respectful dealings with Great Britain.
Invariably we have said there is no need of positive war
for our security. But there is much need of averting war,
by the display of a bold and resolute front to all the world,
by such remonstrances and threats, and assurances of the
readiness of England to vindicate herself, and in support
of such assurances by a system of military and naval ar-
mament so effective, as shall carry home the conviction to
sutrounding states that they can never offend the British
empire with impunity.

Mercury.
BIRMINGHAM.—The weather during the week has
been beautiful. On Sunday it raine a gentle rain
during the entire of the day. Yesterday the wind
veered to the eastward, but the day, though cold, was

still very pleasant. In every part of the country, as we
sec by the reports, the weather has been equally pro-
pitious, and the showers also seem to have been universal.

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—Journal,
NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE, APRIL 18.—The weather in
the early part of the week was truly delightful ; on
Thursday, however, the wind chopped round to the old
quarter, north-east, in which part it has remained ever
since ; Thursday and yesterday were intensely cold
days ; to-day the temperature is somewhat milder, but
still far from genial. At our market this morning we
had a very large delivery of wheat from the growers,
and for two or three weeks yet we anticipate pretty
stiff supplies from them, as provision will be re-
quired for the rents falling due next month ; but as
many of our small farmers will by that time (and
upon them we mainly depend for a regular supply) be
sold out, supplies, as a natural consequence, must de-
crease, and as the consumption for the next three
months is generally greater than at any other period of
the year, from potatoes becoming scarce (and which
exercise so important an influence on the bearing of the
corn trade when they are in plenty), we see no reason to
apprehend any serious decline upon present prices, even
should the supplies from the Continent prove larger
than are at present anticipated, which they are not
likely to be, as France will require a large quantity for
her internal consumption. In consequence of the flat
accounts received from Mark-lane, Liverpool, and
Wakefield, combined with some of our millers having
reduced the price of flour to 50s. per sack, prices of the
best native wheat declined fully 2s. per quarter to-day,
whilst at the same time inferior sorts, of which the great
bulk of our supply consisted, was difficult of disposal,
although a still greater reduction would have been
submitted to, to have effected a clearance ; prime south
country samples, on the contrary, were held with
much firmness for last week's prices, but, owing to the
dull state of the flour market, our millers were unable
to comply with the terms demanded ; had the factors,
however, been willing to accept a decline of 2s. per
quarter, some business might have been done. In the
early part of the week flour was a dull sale, and some
sales were pressed at a decline of Is. per sack ; but
owing to the shipments from Norfolk being likely to
cease for the present, this article was held with more
firmness to-day. Our present quotation for households
is from 51s. to 525., with few sellers at that money.
Rye meets a fair retail demand at our currency.
Fine barley is extremely scarce, and anything extra
would freely command our top quotation, such an ar-
ticle being wanted by our maltsters to close the season
with. Malt dull and out of all proportion to the price
of barley. Peas and beans meet a slow sale, but for
the former article we expect more demand shortly,
owing to the potatoes going out. We had a good
supply of oats from the country, for which we expe-
rience a good demand at last week's price, and the same
remarks will apply to the best qualities of ship corn,
other sorts being difficult of disposal. The only altera-
tion in the duties this morning is a decline of Is. 6d. per
quarter on beans. In bond, 10th April, wheat, 3,404 ;
rye, 853 ; barley, 466 ; oats, 31 ; peas, 20 ; beans, 528.
WIIITELIA.VEN.—We have had another week of ex-
ceedingly fine genial weather. Vegetation is progress-
ing most favourably, and the husbandman is pursuing
his labours with great success. Swallows were seen on
Tuesday last in the neighbourhood of Egremont.
These are the first we have heard of in this vicinity
this season.—Herald.
MAIDSTONE.—Most of the wheat fields have im-
proved since our last, and the peas and beans in strong
grounds begin to show favourably. All crops, how-
ever, particularly the Lent corn, are much in want of
those warm showers which are generally experienced at
this period of the year. The same remark apply to the
pasture lands, which are unusually bare, and scarcely
furnish food for the ewes after dropping their lambs.
The lambing season hitherto has been a very success-
ful one, but the want of feed now begins to be gene-
rally felt.—Gazeite.
GLASGOW.—For two or three days we have had
weather which might lead one to fancy we had suddenly
reached the summer solstice, instead of yet being in the
middle of April. The sharp easterly and northerly
winds, with which the drought of the earlier part of
spring was associated, have now been exchanged for
balmy zephyrs. This, with the moisture of the late
rains, has caused a strong vegetation within the last.
few days. We mentioned, eight days ago, that farmers
in this quarter, tempted by the favourable weather,
were proceeding with the planting of potatoes. We
learn that by some the time is considered rather too
early, and that though ready to plant, they consider
it prudent to wait the arrival of the approved period,
about the beginning of May.—Chronicle.
Conx.—Our accounts from the country districts re-
present every department of agriculture as in a forwar d
and flourishing condition. The weather continues prc-
pitious, and the farmers have availed themselves of it
to the utmost. Heavy and luxuriant showers descended
yesterday and last night, with ;little intermission, and
this day the sun shines out with genial warmth upon the
fields and gardens. 'We understand that the quantity
of early potatoes now in ground exceeds that of auy
former year within living memory, particularly in the
northern and eastern counties.—Reporter.
The operations in the hop plantations are now fa-
vourably progressing in Worcestershire, and show, on
the exposure of the roots, that from the long protracted
wet weather experienced through the winter, many
plants are quite dead, particularly in the old yards,
whilst the young plantations are cutting and looking
more promising than expected. The average, however,
is much reduced, on account of the low prices hops
have brought for several years past, which may augur
brighter prospects to the planter in future. From
lea.nd many
H eNr eoftowr
tshhsitraeii the, t choeu accounts
oaur
res voefr ymf
Kv oeuorzai he
ethers, we are not aware that any considerable progress
has yet been made in the discovery of any satisfactory
theory regarding the various phenomena which we call
the weather. We would direct attention to some cir-
cumstances which may probably assist those who may
conduct their inquiries on an extensive scale and in a
scientific manner. The year 1825 was distinguished in
Australia as a year of unprecedented drought ; to such
an extent was it experienced, that many persons drove
their sheep and cattle 200 miles from their ordinary
Feature grounds, for the sake of obtaining for then) a
eroper supply of water. Streams, rivers, and lakes dii-

PRICE sd.

appeared—not a particle of herbage could be found, ex-
cept in swamps and on the margin of the larger rivers,
so that the whole country appeared a vast desert. The
season of 1626, in this country, was distinguished
in the agricultural annals by the want of even a
single shower from the old term of Whitsunday
till near the middle of September. Now, the
drought last year was no less severe in Australia
than that of 1825, and it has been followed by a
drought in this country, not yet of so long duration as
in l8:26, but, at the peculiar season of the year at which
it has happened, not less extraordinary and unprece-
dented. What we would direct the attention of our
readers to is the singular coincidence we have pointed
out, and the importance of the results, of any properly-
directed inquiry which may be made on the subject. If
the state of the weather in another hemisphere can
afford any tokens of indications of the state of the wea-
ther here, it is clearly of the very utmost importance to
have the matter distinctly asceillained. The effect of
the dry weather on sonic of the processes of agriculture
has been very singular. Every sown field has more
the appearance of made-up garden beds than ridges of
out-field land ; and so neatly has the land been done up,
that it is, in general, as smooth on the surface as if it ,
had been subjected to the spade and the rake, in place
of the plough and the harrow. Several farmers who
have stiff clayey lands, however, complain that they have
not been able to prepare their summer fallows. The
land, in these cases, has been so baked with the diOtrgitt,.
as to defy all the ordinary efforts to pulverise it.—
Edinburgh Courant.