The Sun.
London, England, 1841-11-09 00:00:00

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
TATTERSALL'S.—YESTERDIY.
DERBY.
Nothing of any consequence was done on the first class
favourites, and in the second, or 40 to 1 lot, although
some were backed rather freely, no decisive movement
took place. We may state, however, that the Palinurus
and Meteor parties were in considerable force, and their
`• fancies," as well as Moss Trooper and Scalteen, are
likely to become better favourites. Closing prices :-
10 to 1 agst Colonel Anson's Attila—taken •
12 to 1 agst Colonel Peel's Chatham—taken
20 to 1 agst Lord Verulam's Robert de Gorham—
taken and afterwards offered
30 to 1 agst Mr. G. Clarke's Lord of;,Holairncss—t
30 to 1 agst Mr. Maher's Ballinkeele—taken" and
afterwards offered
33 to 1 agst Lord Westminster's Auckland—ditto
33 to 1 agst Hon. S. Herbert's Nossua—taken
40 to 1 agst Mr. Cooke's Palinurus—taken
40 to 1 agst Mr. Ramsbay's, Moss Trooper—Aaken
and afterwards offered
40 to 1 agst Mr. Batson's Brother to Potentia—ditto
40 to 1 agst Lord Chesterfield's Dirce Colt—ditto
45 to 1 agst Lord Miltown's Scalteen—take 50 to 1
50 to 1 agst Mr. G. Clarke's Master Thomas—t
600 to 500 on Dirce colt agst Meteor—taken
A match for 1,000/. a side has been made between Mr.
Johnstone's Charles the Twelfth and- Mr. Lichtwald's
Hyllus, to run at the next Goodwood Meeting, even
weights,

A GLANCE AT THE PRESENT
TIMES, CHIEFLY WITH REFERENCEVO THE.
WORKING MEN. BY THE REV. HUMPHRY
PRICE, MINISTER OF CHRIST'S CHURCH IN

HUNTING APPOINTMENTS.
Baron Rothschild's stag-hounds will meet on Thurs-
day at Hardwieke-101.
Mr. Villebois's stag-hounds, Saturday, Swaffham
Splashes-11.
Devon and Somerset stag-hounds, Friday, Post on
Molland Common-10.
Major-General Wyndham's hounds, Wednesday, Lea
Farm; Friday, The Compasses; Saturday, Malham-10i.
Col. G. Wyndham's hounds, Wednesday, Avisford
Hill; Friday, Fizlea.
Surrey Union hounds, Thursday, Baynards; Saturday,
Pain's Hill-10i.
Sir John Cope's hounds, Wednesday, No Man's Land;
Friday, Yatten den ; Saturday, Finehampsted
Norfolk Hctuids, Saturday, Necton Tuns-104.
Mr. Brand's Hounds, Wednesday, Warden Hills; Fri-
day, Aston Bury-101.
ruckeridge hounds, Wednesday, Langley Green ; Sa.
turday, Chipping-10i.
Lord Ducie's hounds, Thursday, Ilighworth ; Satur-
day, Cold Harbour.
Heythrop hounds, Wednesday, Tar Wood ; Friday,
Eyford.
Berkshire hounds, Thursday, Milton Hill.
Mr. Drake's hounds, Thursday, Whitecross Green ;
Saturday, Bicester
Mr. Archer's hounds, Thursday, Dolsdown-10i.
Sir W. Carew's hounds, Thursday, Castle Dyke-11.
F. B. H., Friday, Antron Gate-101.
Duke of Rutland's hounds, Wednesday, Aswarby Hall;
Friday, Blexholm Hall; Saturday, Truham Hall-10 .
Marquis of Hastings' hounds, Wednesday, Bunny
Park; Saturday, Cavendish Bridge-101.
Quorn hounds, Thursday, Widmerpool; Friday, Key-
thorpe-10i-.
Duke of Grafton's hounds, Wednesday, Brayfield
Furze ; Friday, Woodend Green-10i.
Atherstone hounds, Wednesday, Kingbury Wood ;
Thursday, Shuttington Bridge; Saturday, Cadeby Tull-
bar-14
Pembrokeshire hounds, Thursday, Hill Mountain-10.
Tivyside hounds, Thursday, Boncath ; Saturday,
Eglwysrw
York and Ainsty hounds, Thursday, Brandsby Bar ;
Saturday, Elvington-10f.
Earl of liarewood's hounds, Wednesday, Towson ;
Friday, Thorp Arch-10i..
Eddlethorpe hounds, Wednesday, Westow ; Friday,
Mr. Bosville's-10i.
Sinnington hounds, Friday, Riseborough-9.
Torquay harriers, Thursday, Manor Inn.
Ilolderness hounds, Thursday, Catwick Mill ; Satur-
day, North Dalton Whim-11.
Bedale hounds, Wednesday, York Gate; Friday, Pep-
per llall-101-.
Cleveland hounds, Thursday, Pinchingthorpe-10.
Hurworth hounds, Thursday, Dalton Wood ; Satur-
day, Neasham-10i.
Sir J. Lan ham's harriers, Thursday, Windom Mil:

Wynyard hounds, Friday, Newbiggen-101t.
Sir M. W. Ridley's hounds, Wednesday, Matfen; Fri-
day, Beaufront Wood'Head ; Saturday, Nunnykirk-101.
Mr. Robertson's hounds, Wednesday, Ford Castle ;
Friday, LonnTidge; Saturday, Lowick-102.
Allendale hounds, Saturday, Heltwistle 11i11-9.
Slaley hounds, Wednesday, East Dipton ; Saturday,
Dotland Park-9.
Chesterfield harriers, Friday, Newbold Common-102.
Haydon hounds, Wednesday, Langley Castle ; Satur:.
day, Fourstones Whim-9.
Prudhoe and Derwent hounds, Friday, Barlow-10.
Mr. 'Watson's hounds, Thursday, Forest Wood-10.
Boroughbridge harriers, Friday, Rockliffe-14
Duke of Beaufort's hounds, Wednesday, Draycot ;
Thursday, Eight Bells, Coal-pit Heath ; Saturday, Petty
France.
Whitefield harriers, Friday, The Leigh.
U. P. hounds, Wednesday, Radburn Bar ; Friday,
Seven Stars, Fox-lane.
N. F. 11., Thursday, Abbottr Pond ; Saturday, the
Fighting Cocks, Godhill-101.
Hursley hounds, Friday, Batt Downs-10-i.
Vine hounds, Wednesday, llurstbourne Park; Friday,
Chinhatn.
H. 11., Thursday, the Anchor, Ropley; Saturday, Five
Lanes, Hollybourne.
Carlisle hounds, Thursday, Corby-10.
Aikton harriers, Wednesday, Slack; Friday, Blickle-
thwaito—q.
Wigton harriers, Wednesday, Goose Grebn ; Friday,
Micklethwaite-102.
Union harriers, Wednesday, Wellington Inn; Friday,
Kennel-9.
East Sussex hounds, Thursday, Barley Mow, Selmes-
ton ; Saturday, Diching
Carmarthen hounds, Friday, Plough and Harrow-10.
Pantykendy hounds, Friday, Picton Castle, Lland-
woor-10.
Mr. Wyndham's hounds, Wednesday, Little Ridge ;
Friday, Race Stand-102.
Yarnborough harriers, Thursday, Langford Willow-
beds-102.
Tynemouth beagles, Friday, Callercoats-10.
Brecon hounds, Friday, Lachvane-10.
Pennoyre hounds, Friday, Battle Hill-10.
Mr. Wall's hounds, Wednesday, Broully ; Saturday,
Fern Wen-92.
Earl Fitzhardinge's hounds, Wednesday, Dumbleton
Saturday, Coombe End.
Lord Portman's hounds, Friday, Elcomb.
Tytherly harriers, Wednesday, West Dean ; Friday,
the fifth mile-stone, Scotney Road-11.

UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.
CAMBRIDGE, Nov. 6.—On Thursday last the Rev.
Geo. Archdall, D. 1)., Master of Emmanuel College, was
appointed Vice-Chancellor of this University for the en-

suing year.
The Lord Bishop of Ely has been pleased to collate
the Rev. Edward Baines, M.A., Examining Chaplain to
his Lordship, Rector of Clipstone, Northamptonshire,
and late Fellow and Tutor of Christ's College, in this
University, to the Rectory of Bluntisham-cunt-larithi •
Huntingdonshire. The Rectory of Clipstone, so vacated,
is in the gift of the Master and Fellows of Christ's
College.
Rev. George Fleming Lamb, Curate of Eversden, in
this county, has been appointed chaplain in tho Hon.
I. C. Bengal establishment.
Tue Rev. B. Addison, 8.A., of St. Peter's College, in
this University, has been appointed to the Curacy of
Bedford Chapel, Charlotte-street, Bloomsbury, London.
The Rev. W. Williams, of Corpus Christi College,
in this University, has been appointed to the Vicarage
of Llanelgan, Carnarvonshire : patron, the Bishop of
Bangor.
The Rev. John Castle Barnett, M.A., of St. John's
College, in this University, curate of St. James's, Bath,
has been appointed to the Vicarage of Berrow, Somer-
setshire.
The following gentlemen have been recently elected
Foundation Scholars of Queens' College :—W. 11. God-
ley, E. J. Welldon, W. C. Deighton, T. Staley, M. 11.
Whish, G. W. Proctor, and D. Somerville.
The Rev. Edward Newood Jones, 8.A., late of Clare
Hall, in this University, has been appointed to the Living
of 13audesey, Suffolk.—Patron, the Lord Chancellor.
The friends of the Rev. W. D. Willis, M.A., of Sid-
ney Sussex College, prebendary of Wells and rector of
listed, will be happy to hear that the sum of 3001. has
been contributed by the congregation of All Saints'
Chapel, Bath, and others of his well wishers in that city,
for the purpose of presenting him with a testimonial of
respect and esteem, on his removal from the diocese.
The Rev. John Hampden Gurney, M.A., of Trinity
College, in this University, has been appointed Chaplain
to the Latterworth Poor-law Union.
OxFORD, Nov. 6.—The Vinerian Professor of Com-
mon Law will begin a course of lectures on Friday, Nov,

12, in the Law School.
The Regius Professor of Hebrew has given notice that
he will resume his lectures on the Minor Prophets, on
Nov. 11, at two o'clock, and continue them on Mondays,
Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, during the present

Term.
The Vice-Chancellor has nominated Mr. A. R. Woo(

of Christ Church, as a fit person to serve her Majesty in
a diplomatic capaeity, in consequence of the late Secre-
tary for Foreign Affairs having placed at the disposal of
the Vice-Chancellor the appointment of an attache to
one of her Majesty's foreign embassies, and since con-
firmed by the present Secretary.
The Rev. J. Moody, of St. Mary Hall, has received
the appointment of Chaplain to her Majesty's frigate
Thalia.
Mr. P. Parnell, Probationary Fellow of St. John's
College, has been elected and admitted to a Law-fellow-
ship in that Society.
The Venerable Archdeacon .Musgrave has presented
the Rev. A. Brown, of Queen's College, to the Perpetual
Curacy of Cross Stone, in the county of York.
The Dean and Chapter of Christ Church, Bristol,
have presented the Rev. C. R. Barker, to the Vicarage of
Bladington, Gloucestershire, to which he has been in-
stituted by the Lord Bishop of the diocese.
Her Majesty the Queen, has presented the Rev. E. J.
Jones to the Vioarage of Bawdsey, Suffolk.
The Chapter of Southwell has presented the Rev.
T. S. Basnett to the Rectory of Witilliam, Lincolnshire.

A NEW WAY TO PAY OLD DEBTS.—As
an instance of American " courtesy by steam," the New
York Herald positively asserts that passengers who neg-
lect to pay their passage money on board the steamerVermillion, pri Lake Erie, are gunteely flogged by the
officer of that boat This is undoubtedly " a new way
to pay old debts," to take payuient in lashes instead Of
dollars

NEEDWOOD, STAFFORDSHIRE.
By the working men, I mean those who have nothing
but their labour to barter for food and ,raiment and
other comforts of existence, whose daily bread depends
upon their daily toil, who, with a Propriety peculiarly
their own, can pray " Give us this.day our daily bread."
This invaluable order of men forms the great mass of
human society. Bishops and Lords and Kings arc not
inherent in society, but superinduced ; not absolutely
essential to,its welfare, but at best of disputable value ;
that which was made, and may be unmade. The very
reverse we affirm of working men, the foundation, the
support and stay of all. Remove the others, and the
working men remain sufficient and more than sufficient
for themselves ; remove them, and the others are at
once annihilated—fled are their honours, wealth, and
life ; " Othello's occupation's gone," the dream is past.
Of the life of the working mad, the first mark is In-
dustry. From early dawn to late night his muscles,
bones, and sinews are continually at work, together with
his mind. He is peculiarly a man of toil. All seek
to obtain from him the most work for the least
pay ; and yield he must, or sink into worse
affliction still and perish ; the arrangements of life,
with which he has nothing to do but to submit to them,
compel him. Hence his life is a life of stupendous
toil. It is industry carried far beyond the limit as-
signed of God to the punishment of sin. It is the
superadded infliction of a being sinful as himself, and
often worthier a severer punishment. The second mark
of a working man's life is usefulness. The benefit may
be to others rather than to himself, but it is great
beyond the power of language to express. The hive
bee no more surely gathers honey for others than the
working man for his master ; and his gathering is the
very honey, the nourishment, the fresh, warm life-blood
of human existence. Watt could never have produced
his steam-engine without the aid of workmen, whose
operative skill in their respective branches he could
never have attained. The Duke of Wellington could
have gained ten Waterloo battles easier than, from the
time of his first to the end of his life, he could have
learned to form one single nail to the perfection attained
by some poor man in the forlorn and sooted smithy.
The latter would have been utterly beyond the skill
and labour of his remaining life, the former might not.
The utility of the man of blood might be problema-
tical ; thousands, millions, begin to doubt it : tke
usefulness of the meanest working man is beyond all
doubt. The warrior walks in blood to victory, and
afterwards often makes peace itself a desolation by the
outrageous rewards bestowed upon him out of the la-
bours of the working man. But in war or peace, the
working man is ever contributing mite after mite to the
wealth and happiness of others. The habitual move-
ment of his muscles, and glances of his eye, are all for
good unmixed with evil. Industry and usefulness are
peculiarly his own.
We now proceed to glance at the present time, with
reference to the working man. The first thing that
strikes us is—the universal diffusion of knowledge, and
its natural result. Everything is now known quickly
and universally. Secrecy is all but impossible. The
whole world is daily epitomized and- laid naked before
us. Particulars follow with every degree of minute-
ness, fast as pen can mark them, or telegraph report.
Lies are detected. False statements are corrected.
Truth is every day becoming mere and more in the
ascendant. Among monopolies that of knowledge no
longer exists. The gravest affairs of the mightiest
nations are known and scrutinized under a three-pound-
ten-shilling roof almost as soon, and with equal acute-
ness, as by the ministers of kings ; and under such a roof,
too, the ministers of kings themselves are known better,
perhaps, than they are self-known. Wonderful is the change
produced of late years upon the working man by penny
magazines, cheap publications of every kind, and espe-
cially by newspapers, conducted (as some of them are)
by talents of the first order, and under the influence of
sincere desire for the general good. Now, even grant-
ing all persons to be alike sincere, and the working man
to be unable to decide between their conflicting claims,
he yet is able to select from all that which he deems
best adapted to himself; and by that alone he will be
mainly influenced. Hence, for the first time in the
annals of the world, is the working man rising up a
class of himself, distinct from all other classes, conscious
of rights which he has not but ought to have, and
without which he feels himself a slave. A slave he al-
ways was ; and the only difference between now and
formerly consists in knowing and not knowing. Once
he knew it not, and was comparatively contented, as in
a state natural and inevitable : now he is not contented ;
from the conviction that such a state is neither natural,
nor inevitable, nor just. Amongst other knowledge that of
the Holy Scriptures has been widely diffused amongst
the working men ; and hence their increased conviction
that " God is no respecter of persons ;" that kings
were made for people, and not people for kings ; and
that amongst all men justice, equity, and mercy should
alike prevail. However arbitrary and leaning to
despotism the teachers and expounders of the Bible
may be, no book in the world is so powerful an exposi-
tor of what is right and just between man and man as it ;
and as in this most essential point the working man is less
likely to be misled with respect to himself than any
other, we may fully conclude that in time he will fol-
low it, despite of teachers, until he has attained the
righteous object so dear to him. So much for the pre-
sent diffusion of knowledge, and its natural result in
sure and certain progress of attainment amongst the
working men.
The second feature of the present time, in connec-
tion with the working man, is the frightful taxation of
the country, frightful in its amount, frightful in its
principle, frightful in its immediate consequences, still
more frightful in what may be yet come. First, to
there is the national debt—a horrible load of eight
hundred millions. If all the people upon earth, man,
woman, and child, were to bring each ten shillings in
his hand, it would barely discharge one-half of
our national debt. Next, other taxes, amounting to
between twenty and thirty millions more. Upwards of
fifty millions a-year of taxation ! Five hundred years
ago all the Governments on earth could not have raised
such a sum annually. I scarcely need advert to another
sort of taxation, so powerfully exposed by The Sun
newspaper, whereby, in addition to all this, money to a
most horrible amount is absolutely wrung from the
kingdom, to pass not into the coffers of the public, but
into the pockets of rich landlords and their yeomanry,
whose swords they are even now sharpening to cut
down, upon occasion, the myriads of their fellow-coun-
trymen at this moment in a state of starvation, and
daily maddening from utter want ! But, if the amount
of our public taxation be so frightful, still more so is its
principle. What is that ? I will adduce only one in-
stance, but that one will suffice to mark the whole. A
poor washerwoman pays two shillings and a penny tax
on a pound-weight of tea, originally worth little more
than sixpence : a Duchess pays the same. You say,
then, the tax is equal. True—but cruelly unequal in
its pressure. This unequal pressure of taxation runs
through all the articles of life, which the working man
cannot be without I This unequal pressure is sinking
him to the earth, and grinding him to the dust ! Oh!
frightful principle, and frightful consequences flowing
continually from it. Who can endure the contempla-
tion of that which is approaching, and not, perhaps, to
be turned aside.
Whence arose all this taxation? From the "game
which, were their people wise, kings would not play
at." From war, horrible war ; from kinkly bigotry
and high-born pride raging against the first struggles—
some call them sins—of new-born—some call it base-
born—liberty ! But, strange to say, the strangled
may yet destroy its strangler. There are strange mu-
tations in the affairs of men. Such may be,sorne of the
more remote consequences of our frightful taxation.
Thus may the sins of the fathers he visited upon thet
children to the third and fourth generations ; the fifth
and sixth and following may be infinitely happier not-
withstanding. But a good preparation for the future,
may be found in a calm contemplation of the past and
present. What sprang up with the horrible wars of,
our time? Wonderful displays of human skill. Ju-
nius almost touched the truth when he said, " The ge-
nius of a Watt, a Wedgwood, and an Arkwrigbt, has
counteracted all the folly and expense of the American
war." Happily, the follies of a nation's Government are
Pskill and industry will
not the only things in the nation. There is sometimes a
counterbalancing share of wisdom
.oaotnfhdeirkronnao,rwtwilceoldetgtshetionsottinhheee
hastra trade
been
dn no lessom
mcationfractionat iutacbesides.watch-springs
tpirnui
ndf
individual
dluauanmld
arising
value of five hundred pounds. f r Foron vaintbe danisdplajaynog-f
remarkable than for the folly of its Government. No
such skill and industry,itthe
eolwhole
nos:,
eornl
ecceo:vuotnrhtl
than
:to our aid. Thew
slmionoegrn :er
Governments
did
summoned
ouron edd
handmaids of liberty, and of most that glade the hearts
of men with prosperity, first saw a tuft of cotton on its
native stalk, hardly worth a puff of the air then blow-
ing upon it, obtained one pound-weight of it, tested its
value ; in a few years, instead of one pound imported,
three hundred of millions of pounds thereof a-year em-
ployed hundreds of thousands of hands in its manufac
ture, built houses where there were none, turned vil-
lages into towns, and towns into more than cities, and
ordinary dwellings into more than palaces, studding the
surface of the country everywhere with gardens of
Eden, in which, if all that is pleasant to the eye and
good for food, could avail, sin and sorrow would never be
found. Who deelairn against trade and commerce?
w.
Doss the agriculturist . Did not trade and commerce,
waiting hundreds of years amazed at agri-
culture, almost
.its own rich
s, little worth, rut
open wide
' u_peon
their arms to
the surplus of its population, which, of itself,
agriculture could in nowise support ? Did not trade
acrestboa
and commerce instantly and
,almost miraculously pro-
vide for that continually augmenting surplus of popu.
lation ? Did they not forthwith afford them that in-
struction which agriculture had never dreamt of, and
supply them with even luxuries of dress and food in-
finitely beyond the thought of hinds and husbandmen ?
Did not trade and commerce quickly raise the value of
the very laud itself of the agriculturist, some fourfold,

some forty fold, and some a hundred fold? Then, in- WHEN DOES RESISTANCE TO
deed, were times of plenty. Then lived the Duke of THE LAW BECOME JUSTIFIABLE ?
Wellington, who might well say he never saw a country " Bolding the opinions which we hold on the Corn-
like England, in which a man with skill, and industry, laws, we shall not be scared by any kind of prejudice or
and temperance, might raise himself to affluence. Then, vehement abuse by interested parties from following
in truth, the working man could afford to pass his second them out to their just conclusion, and affirming that it
or third day in feasting and relaxation with his friends is as criminal to obey such laws as to enact them. We
state this conclusion undisguised now, as we have stated
and neighbours. But there is a "change come o'er
it before, and avow that in entertaining it We have en-
the spirit of the scene." The Duke was only dream- deavoured, and shall endeavour, to induce parties to
ing of the days of his youth, and spake as he dreamed.
Happy dreams I I have them too ; but then I awake to consideringev ad e a overturnobedien h e
et
ae s iniquitous
de u
twe
.consider
clrs' a
err from
that t 3
scenes instantly corrective of my dreams. Not so the commands resistance, and '
thatr those laws ought not to
Duke. The country has enriched him in gold and be obeyed one moment beyond the period when they can
splendour wrung from the cruel labours of the working be successfully resisted." Sun.
man. The Duke may dream on, utterly unconscious The divine right of Kings has long been an exploded
of delusion, till aroused by awful and inevitable reali- doctrine in England: and the divine right of landlords
ties. The present is not in accordance with the Duke's is now also beginning seriously to be called in question.
dreams. Trade and commerce are drooping, fainting, It happens that a few noble families at present pos-
dyirg away, as though they were about to be con-
sl4essa monopoly of nearly all the land in England and
strained to bid a last farewell to town and country
theal esl;
.and, in virtue of their holding this monopoly,
also tole make the laws for the entire body of
they had once made so buoyant with prosperity and joy. the yE en
W hat assassin has stabbed them ? Class Legislation ; Whoggavepteheepmlhis power and authority? Is it legal
who, not contented with a single stab, turns to stab or is it usurped ? Have the people given their consent
again, and turns his dagger in the wounds. to any such arrangements ? Have they had that voice
What then ; are trade and commerce pure ? Yes ; in the election of the lawmakers which the Constitution
as the light of the sun ; but not so their most favoured requires? And if the laws enacted by the monopolist
worshippers. These last, together with the worship- class are such as to cause misery, and famine, and death,
pers of agriculture, think mainly about themselves, prac-
is it, then, the duty of the people to obey them ? Our
tically forsake the working man, by whose continued opinion,)on
the
contrary, is, that if the laws are acknow-
ledgedle
and
ondbe bad, dutyfnl requires that they
efforts alone they have got their wealth, raise the price
should bye
"to hold,
of his food, and reduce his wages, until he now is with The Sun, that such lawswe n--laws.ought
ready to perish. In the day of prosperity the working not to be obeyed one moment beyond the period when
man too much forget himself. On the approach of they can be successfully resisted."
adversity, his employer, instead of upholding, made a Whoever considers for a moment the effects of these
prey of him by reducing his wages, to balance in some Corn-laws--their tendency to starve and destroy the
measure his own falling profits ; and at this moment people, to blight the prosperity and harmony of nations,
there is a feud betwixt them which may be all but and to produce excruciating suffering among all classes
deadly. The kingdom is divided against itself ; the of the community—cannot hesitate for a moment in en-
manufacturer against the agriculturist, the agriculturist tering upon an active resistance to the monopolist classes
against the manufacturer, and the working man against who have enacted them. Some may strike at the Corn-
both .
laws themselves, and others at that monopoly of legisla-
tion, which is their real source ; but all conscientious
Never was any country in such a state as our's at
friendstl of humanity must resist, in one way or another,
the present moment ! What are the elements of the inhuman, unchristian, system in which such dreadful
scene before us ? Frightful taxation—class legislation mischiefs have orieinated.
—failing trade and commerce—almost deadly enmity And the first effectual resistance is that of Opinion.
and suspicion betwixt men and masters—heart-rending We must act upon the moral will and intelligence of
poverty in the midst of overflowing abundance—the society until its great preponderance is upon our side.
working man awakening to a sense of his injuries, to We must rally around us the wise and the good, the
the cause of his miseries, and the probable means of moral and the religious, the bold and even the timid.
cure. Such are some of the features of the times in We must excite in the minds of all, the conviction that
close connection with our frightful taxation. there is truth, and honesty, and justice upon our side.
We would lance somewhat more distinctly at a
In. short, our cause must assume the form of a great
g
feature which has already caught our view, viz., the ipnr ns
sceils) eo f btehf
eo r e it
people
ra
nldly around it the intelli=gent
sosneeodn. as this is corn.
evident loosening of all the old links of English plished, the battreers evirtuaally gained.
society. The first of these is the old saw of Church But, in the meantime, thereg are :various other legal
and King, formerly holding together mighty masses and justifiable modes of resisting bad laws, which ought
of people. Where is it now ? Nowhere as a to be adopted as effectual allies to public opinion. Ex-
link ; everywhere as a principle of disunion. perience has proved that there is no more certain means
The rich and noble may build more churches ; of breaking a bad law than by evading it. The strongest
but what say the poor ? "We ask for bread, arguments in favour of the Penny Postage were the
and you give us stones. W 6 ask for pork, and you facts which went to prove that under the old system the
defd eno b an
give us parsons. Give us plenty of work and pay,
revenorgani ue
sed evasion of rau
ed"
the lto aw.an irmous It s thus alsoextent thaty the
and take off the taxes on our food, and we will build
smuggler has al ways acted as the best friend of free
places of worship for ourselves, and support our own trade, by compelling a reduction of the duties on articles
Ministers into the bargain. We hate the Church and of foreign produce.
its exactions, and its connection with the State. We Passive Resistance is the next justifiable stage of op-
have found it out. It is nothing more nor less than position to bad laws. Conscientious men have thus re-
an instrument in the hands of a class for tyranny and sisted the impositions of a dominant Church, and suc-
oppression. Far better would it be for us if its mil- ceedod. In Ireland, Vestry Cess was met by the passive
lions a year were appropriated to the education of our resistance of the people, and so effectually, that Govern-
children, or to supplying us with good medical assist- ment was forced to abolish it. Quakers thus resisted
ante, or to some other obviously useful purpose more oath-taking until oath-taking, in their case, was abolished.
acceptable to us than Church-rates. We have too Corporate bodies in England thus resisted the Test and
much Church. We want no more of it." Such is the Corporation Acts, until they compelled these Acts to be
language now common in the land. As a link, a bond
abolished. Dissenters thus resist Church-rates at the
present day, until Government has been obliged (though
of union, Church and King are no more. hitherto without success) to entertain plans for their
Another old link is love between masters and men. total abolition. And it is thus also that every other bad
This link is grievously cracked and shattered. For- law may be effectually met by the gre.at mass of those
merly, every master was all but idolised by his who are opposed to them.
men. " Our master said so," was sufficient to stop And so soon as a sufficiently large number of the
the mouth of every gainsayer. " Our master " people can be thus arrayed against any bad law, it
was an oracle, a bond of union, a settler stands morally repealed. So soon as it can thus be
of all disputes amongst the workmen in former days ;to successfully resisted, its abolition will follow as a matter
him all looked up as to their most valuable friend. What of course. For, when the legislators perceive that the
is he now ? In their thoughts a tyrant, an exactor, law is overturned in public opinion, they are too wise
ever watchin how to get the most labour from them not to perceive that, in longer maintaining it, they are
g
wantonly sacrificing their moral influence over society,
for the least money. Most generally the master's wifeendangering the safety the State, and risking all those
and children are despised, as sumptuously fed and others powers and privileges which the people allow
clothed out of their spoils, to the ruin of their own them to possess.
wives and children. Does any one doubt this ? Let The last form of resistance is Physical Force; the most
him look at the Workmen's Union throughout the desperate, the most dangerous, and very often the least
length and breadth of the land. Lot him consider the effective. For, when a law can only be overturned by
reluctance of the working men to join their masters in means of physical force, it is evident that a prepon-
the present outcry against the Corn-laws. Their mar- derating amount of the social mind is not yet upon its
side. If it be true, as we affirm it is, that the power of
tors invite, solicit, declare it is as much or more for the
man dwells in mind and opinion, it is impossible that
sake of their workmen than for themselves. The work-
physical force should be able. to accomplish that which
men distrust, disbelieve, cry out " treachery," declare
bcannot, h
ois e impossible for the lesser to
that all the masters want is more trade for themselves, standmind
though at lower profits still, knowing that they can re- But this mucehgwee sherall'sawy,r.that if the employment of
munerate themselves by still lowering their workmen's physical force be in any case justifiable, after the force
wages. Strange! that though in want ef bread the of opinion has been resisted, it is in putting as gently as
men will hardly unite with their masters in that which possible out of the way, those who persist in maintaining
would get them more bread, at least for the present ! laws whose sole object is to enrich and pamper themselves,
But this old link in the chain is all but gone. to the impoverishment and ruin of all the industrious
Another ancient link is the love of country. For- classes of the people.—Leeds
merly England was everything ; now, it is all but worse
than nothing. Tens of thousands want to leave it ;
the tens of thousands who have left it ridicule it in all
their letters to their friends. " They would not," they
say " they could not endure to live in it again. It is
not fit for an honest man to live in, and scarcely possible
for an industrious man. It is only fit for placemen and
pensioners, and lords and kings, and such sort ; and if
they could have their wish, such should have it to them-
selves, and see what they could make of it !" Such is
become, I understand, common expression ; such I
have often read myself ; and it appears to be
the expression of the heart, responded to by those
to whom it is addressed. Here, then, is another
old link all but destroyed. To the working man
England is no longer England. To him it is a
land of bondage, poverty, and death. The Church
of England is no longer regarded as the poor man's
Church. The State is no longer regarded as his pro-
tector, but rather as his oppressor. His master is his
home tyrant, always on the watch to rob him of the due
reward of his toil. And all this in his native land !
Heartily does he wish himself well out of it.
Another old link is the laws. The cry now is " The
laws are against us ; made by the rich, and for them.
A poor man has no chance ; by them we are taxed and
starved out of house and home, or in them ; the rich
aro class law-makers ; they make laws absolutely to
keep us poor, and helpless, and slaves ; we should be
better—we could not be worse—without laws. If we
make the least struggle for our rights, they can bring
us in guilty of sedition, or high treason, or whatever
they like ; they are their own Judges and Juries." This
link is giving way. The only part of it that holds now
is fear ; abhorrence has cankered all the rest.
Another link is the Party link of Whig and Tory. It
little mattered on which side you stood. On either
side the feelings were roused and enlisted on behalf of
the country. An artificial energy for the country's
good was excited ; but the leaders called one another
rogues and rascals so long, that that the working man
believed them both to be alike so ; they became hateful
to him; he had at last no faith in any of them. He
now believes them to have been alike treacherous and in-
jurious to him. Utterly vain is it for one of the parties
to shelter themselves under the new tame of Conser-
vatives. To the working man, generally, it is the
" alias" of a thief. He loathes it. Surely in vain is
such a flimsy net spread in the sight of any bird. No
Conservative for him. He will be henceforwards any-
thing else than either Whig or Tory, with its alias Con-
servative. He will he now either Reformer, or Radi-
cal, or Chartist, or Revolutionist, or anything but
Whig or Tory. That link is gone.
Of all the old links, ministers of religion seem one
of the strongest ; both superstition and enthusiasm, and
strong prejudice and a better feeling also, give it
strength. But even this link is weakening. To say
nothing of Bishops, Deans; Prebendaries, Canons, &c.,
who are most of them now at length regarded as
utterly unscriptural and something more than super-
fluous, as hangers-on of the rich and powerful to keep
the helpless poor in subjection, even the poor working
zurates themselves are suspected of being a sort of
whippers-in to the rest, and at all events of belonging to
the wrong party. Neither do sectarian ministers es-
cape.
There are in the present day many prosperous
and rich Dissenters ; and their ministers are beginning
to incur the suspicion of the poorer hearers as being too
fond of the table and countenance of the rich, and more
mindful of the peace of the poor than of their souls,
and above all of being too insensible to their present
trials. This link also manifests symptoms of aecay. A
little more opposition on their part to popular rights
will try it most severely. It may possibly prove even-
tually no stronger than Church and King.
'The last old link that I shall notice is the CONSTITUTION.
The working man has some notion that whatever the
Church, and the Law, and the Lords, and the King,
and the House of Commons, and the Masters, and the
Parsons may be, there is something good in the Con.
stitution. " The Constitution," he thinks," is for him. It
gives him a voice and a vote in the State, of which bad
laws shamefully and cruelly deprive him. Only let
him have his right, which the Constitution gives him,
of sending his own Member to Parliament. there to look
alter his interests, and he shall do ; and it' he does not
then do well, the fault will be his own." S,:ap this link,
and away go King, Lords, Commons, Church, laws and
customs of present date, never perhaps to return ; and
in their stead revolution will throw up scenes utterly
unlike those of France, so hateful to all Englishmen,
but far other scenes, analogous perhaps to those of
America, the value of which the English have of late
been beginning so much to appreciate, admire, and love.
As an Englishman who would " honour all men,
love the brotherhood, fear God, and honour the Queen,"
I would say to all, "Do justly. Turn not judgment
into gall, nor the fruit of righteousness into hendock."Be
not of them " that drink wine in bowls, and anoint them-
selves with the chief ointment, but are not grieved for
the affliction of Joseph," the affliction of their own
countrymen, the most valuable of the whole, the work-
ing men. Give the poor man his birthright. Fill his
heart with love to the Constitution by giving him his
share in it. Such conduct alone will secure from revo-
lution, and all you dread therefrom.

LLOYDS' SHIPPING.

INCENDIARY FlRE.—Tuesday last, betwcll
six and seven, a wheat-stack, standing in a field adjoin-
ing the Mansfield and Alfreton turnpike-road, in the pa-
rish of Sutton-in-Ashfield, belonging to Mr. Richard
Tudsbury, of Sutton, was discovered to be on fire, which
had apparently been set fire to by some persons. Owing
to persons shortly being on the spot, and water near at
hand, the flames were subdued without any great damage
being done. On the following morning a quantity of
coke and greasy paper was found near the stack.—Der-
byshire Courier.
The Earl of Ripon arrived in town on Satur--
day from his seat in Yorkshire.
F Itli:ENI A SON RY..--Sir Ralph Abercrombie,
when a young officer, was initiated in the CanOngatc
Kilwinning, May, 1753. It is not a little reinarl:Ale
that four of the greatest commanders of modern times
should have been members of the peaceful Masonic Fra-
ternity—namely, Abercromby, Nelson, Moore. and Wel-
lington. Scotland can boast of two of these heroes, Sir
John Moore having been initiated in the St. John's
Lodge, Haddington. Ireland claims her Wellington ;
England her Nelson.—Freemason's Quarterly _Review.
MELANCHOLY AND FATAL ACCIDENT.—
We regret to have to announce the melancholy death of
Miss Anson, sister to Mr. G. E. Anson, treasurer
to his Royal Highness Prince Albert, which took
place under most distressing circumstances on Satur-
day afternoon, in Hyde Park. The unfortunate young
lady was at the tirae of the accident riding a, high-
spirited horse, which she was in the act of correcting,
when the animal suddenly ran away with her at full.
speed, and threw her with great violence to the ground,
close to a gentleman's carriage which was passing at the
time, the wheels of which unfortunately passed over her
neck, and deprived her of life. On being raised from
the ground she breathed for two or three seconds,
but before she could be conveyed to St. George's
Hospital she had ceased to exist. The accident, as may
be well imagiNed, caused a most painful sensation in
all the fashionable circles to which it became known.
- The body of the ill-fated lady was removed from the
hospital in the course of the evening. This distressing
visitation will put in mourning the Houses of Lichfield,
Rosebery, Forrester, Mansfield, and Waterpark, and
several other families.

THE PUBLIC REVENUE.—(From a Corre-
spondent.)—The Commission appointed by the •Craven
to inquire into the charge of collecting the
.publie;:re-
venue, and of considering whether it will be pi.essibia,to
effect any reduction in tat charge, met.thie,.(Nloaday.:
morning at twelve o'clock at the official residence of Sir it.
Peel, in Downing-street, when Lord Granville .Somer-,
was elected chairman. In consequence, -however, el
there not being any room sufficiently prepared for con-
ducting the inquiry, after some formal proceedings, had
been gone through, the meeting adjourned until to-
morrow (this day).
THE EXCHEQUER BILL AFFAIR.—The in-
quiry again proceeded yesterday with unabated vigilain:e.
Mr. Beaumont Smith, we understand, has specially re-
tained Sir Thomas Wilde to conduct his defence.
BRITISH TARS.—A few days before the
Orestes, just arrived at PortsmOnth, sailed from .Hi,,,
the Constitution and Potomac, two sixty-gun American
frigates, were lying there, and their Captains Loa
mustered their ships' companies, and told their!, as j
war with England was almost certain, it became re,ll:-
site that they should practise snore than usual with tl,rr
great guns. The whole of the Englishmen (and we recyrd
it as a noble trait in the character of British
sailors)—as if by mutual understanding, - steppM eut
and declared they would not fire a shot against the tlag
of their native country—against any other they lied no
objection, and would be glad of the opportunity. 'Mere
than half of the ship's company of the Constitution, adid
a great many of the Potomac's are Englishmen;a4d
many of them old English men-of-war's mess. 'Vine.
launch belonging to one of the frigates three were'te'y-
nised as having once belonged to the Excellent. u!1.1•T.•,,
A SHARP AND A .FLAT.—Orr Tuesday', dip
19th, a captain of a boat, rejoicing in the very euphonious
cognomen of Ner Twissle, sent a bright youth hertoi
George Mayer to the keeper of the Park-street lock, to
inquire if a letter, which he expected to receive from
Gloucester, bad been left at his house, and, if so, desired
him to open it, and take the office order which it would
contain to the post-office to be cashed. Mayer accord-
ingly started on his mission, and, falling in with a i'e.llow
named William Snell, very kindly told him his errand.
Snell most disinterestedly offered to accompauy 14
simpleton, and on procuring the letter the precious Bait.
went to the post-office, where Snell made his mark (44
if he were the veritable Ner Twissle) and touched`: the
cash. The upshot of the affair was that Snell was taken
into custody, and the neat day Mr. Sidebotthin com-
mitted him to take his trial at the sessions.— IVeiec4ter4
shire Chronicle.
His Excellency Sir Stratford Canning lea id
farewell visits to the corps diplomatiguc and the.Eari of
Aberdeen on Sunday, preparatory to his departure foe
Constantinople. Sir Stratford, who has been detained at
few days longer than was expected, was to learn lest
evening, or early this morning, for the Turkish ..capiraL'
His Excellency intends to proceed via Trieste, acoonoe
panied by the Hon. R. Curzon, his Excellency's Prieeted
Secretary.coß Ns._in
the . ~,.,,.,i,,:mi
o
munication from Mr. \\LT eathnecreiti
0?
df , last
surgeon, week,of is a
iielirciAteti-
ett;
street, Covent-garden, in which he mentions the 4,;7a
and ingenious application of amadon, or German field;
to a variety of important purposes, and among etl",'llaii
the cure of corns. It is contrived so as 'remove u.,1,4040
sure, there being a small aperture in the pie"" -
don, which protects the corn from the friction of !,
while the anodyne plaster tends to ralieve the
promote the absorption of the corn. EdVeirtr !
THE EXCHEQUER BILLS FRA":, prine,al
Beaumont Smith, who is charged with boei.ene.
r D. Sli!ilik,
paiic. y1..14
in the frauds in Exchequer bills, e
1.1,8 s clic,. ,
towho
18
2wass.
I e Governor
was ofre
removed from
of the island in consequence of his ,
contrary to Royal instructionstrance
disgrace, and a strong remonstrance
he
tants of the island, Sir Robert
in 1834, which he still ehnjeoy
grant of a pension n_
being the brother of bir the government
rtion of ant-re a,
Tutwitnstanding his
from the. iiiebi-
granted him aft pe e-
tee
j'ausstiiiii%,,dolieei:
ilSitintras Island 1",- u
th
6round of Mr. C. D. Smith
o " tSidngey Smith, the hero of Acre.
.
sion of 5001. per annum during. thseirtimß
_Globe.
y years Proprietor and Editor of the
Cored}', for
man" fscr, departed this life on Thureday
Manchester .Adver i
fi time
blieer
o'clock in the afternoon ez 4
DEATH OF , GEORGE CONDT, g5111.—;1\11-.
last, about Cony` had ar-'''''
rar.cony been ee ming iii
fifty-four y
- upwards" of three years, and during the lest
health for d endured great suffering. Ile retained
his months he lea
his dead Of the
faculties to the day of. . . 1. integrity
his
principles as a politician, we may speak in unciu:i_
of his
lifted terms. Many have been the opportunities ere-
half-past ve
seuted to him—not a few of them studiously throw !: in
.his „ay—of advancing his personal interests, 11.,..:1 lie
-,.....ezil
lyi e
exercised dram a oonf Nlsalitiechy
esaurbstcht se his
has pc
lt:,
ill lb: ase -
been capable of betraying the cause of sound Ilan cal
Reform for private advantage. As a scholar, Mr. Condy
was most accomplished, and as a critic, either of music;,
him few equals.— Manchester'Advertiser. .. .
DREADFUL ACCIDENT TO A YciuNG LADY
pbeaeinntitnogo,
IN THE RECENT'S PARR.—On Sunday afternoon,
rarely etl
botva-en
three and four o'clock, a dreadful accident occurred
in the carriage drive, in the Regent's Park, to Miss
Ellen Rodway, daughter of Colonel Rodway, re-
siding in Harley-street, Cavendish-square. It appears
that as the unfortunate young lady, in company with
her father and brother, were taking an airing on
horseback round the circle of the Regent's Park, ler
horse, a high-spirited animal, suddenly became restive,
and unmanageable, dashing furiously from . one :.i..;e of
the road to the other.. In her alarm, she. lost all ~;:s-mand,
mand, and was thrown to the ground with great v
falling on her face. She sustained serious injury
fortunately, the horse wus see.t.od by her brother '.sei-
jug the reins, otherwise she insist havelicen dragged lir
'k her toot until the animal could be stopped. -

LONDON, Nov. 8.-Wind this day at noon S. to S.W
OFF PENZANCE, Nov. 5.-Devonshire, Batavia.
MARGATE, Nov. 7.-Thirty-eight pigs of lead, marked
" Bleckett and Glassington," 11 sheets of ditto, a bale of
cotton, marked " T. G.," and 10 bags of dyewood, have
been picked up and brought in here.
GUERNSEY, NOV. 4.-Sid. Concordia, Gold Coast.
DEAL, Nov. 7.-Wind S.W., light.-Arrd. Cambria,
Calcutta; Cybele, Westward. Arrd. from the River
Mentor, for Savannah ; Chase, Pernambuco ; Helen,
Tobago ; Montrose, Savannah ; Rosalind, Constanti-
nople ; Indian, Launceston ; England, Sierra Leone ;
Lucretia, Swan River ; Rapier, Waterlily, and Anna,
Jamaica ; British Empire, Bermuda ; Britain's Queen,
Azores. Sid. Apollo, Grenada ; Fortune, Sierra Leone;
Osprey, New Zealand. Arrd. Persian, from India.
WHITSTABLE, Nov. 7.-About 25 tons of pig lead
have been brought in here from a wreck on the Sunk
Sand, supposed the Brig Union.
RAMSGATE, Nov. .7.-A bale of cotton, 155-T. C., a
bag of sumach, and apiece of sandal wood, have been
picked up and brought in here.
COWES, Nov. 6.-Arrived the Inglis, for Bombay.
OFF THE WIGHT, Nov. 4.-The Sarah Alicia Maria,
Batavia, for Amsterdam, July 9.
OFF PORTLAND, Nov. 6.-Raymond, M'Kay, Calcutta.
FALMOUTH, Nov. 5.-Wind S.E. to S., fresh breezes.
6th, S. moderate.-Arrd. Placid, Constantinople; Isa-
bella Wood, do; Albert, Marseilles, with cargo heated,
and must discharge ;;Charles, do., short of water; Rherin-
dam, Porsquin, with part of deck-load thrown over-
board. Sailed, Phantom, Port Philip; Swift packet,
Brazils. Arrived off, Thomas Lowry, Price, Sydney;
Purveyor, Martinique, for Havre. One side of a large
vessel, with painted ports, was passed, 16th ult., lat. 33,
lon. 37, by the Jane Thompson, arrived here.
OFF CAPE MORANT.-Her Majesty's ship Bonetta.
BRISTOL, Nov. 6.-Arrd. Dochfour, Quebec.
KINGSROAD, Nov. 6.-Arrd. a Russian brig for Glou-
cester.
WHITEHAVEN, Nov. 4.--Sld. Alexander, Mediter-
ranean.
RAMSEY, Nov. 1.-Arrd. Pomona, Marseilles, with
cargo heated and much damaged, and sld.2d for Glasgow.
CLYDE, Nov. 5.-Sid. Sir Charles Napier, Sierra
Leone; Baronet, Rio; William, New Orleans.
PORTSMOUTH, Nov. 6.-Wind S.S.W., calm.-Arrd.
Jamaica, London, Jamaica. Sld. her Majesty's ship Lynx,
Lisbon.
SOUTHAMPTON, Nov. 6.-Sld. John King, Mauritius,
PLYMOUTH, Nov. 7.-Wind E.-Arrd. Governor,
Monte Video; Chieftain, London, for Messina, with loss
of foretopmast, B,:c. Sld. Thomas Brooks, Mauritius.
JERSEY, Nov. 4.-Sld. Courier, Rio Janeiro. _ _
LivurteooL, Nov. 7.--Wind W.-Arrd. Meg of Mal-
don, late Cookson, Calcutta; Mary Jones, Fishley, Lima
-sailed July 15 ; Australia, Macao ; .William Russell,
Pernambuco-sailed Sept. 20. Sld. Sir Charles Napier,
Sydney; Martha Ridgway, New Zealand.
VESSELS SPOKEN WITH.-The Harvest Home, from
Singapore to Calcutta, June 22d, off Palmyras Reef ;
Psyche, Bristol to Launceston, Sept. 20th, lat. 1 N., lon.
20 W. ; Tropic, bound to l'ort Jackson, 24th, lat. 8,
lon. 21 ; General Wolfe, Demerara to London, 26th ult.,
lat. 45, lon. 15 ; Sha kspeare, from Liverpool, 29th ult.,
lat. 45, lon. 12, by the Persian, arrived off Beachy Head.
Normandie, of New York, from Liverpool, 29th ult., let.
46, lon. 16 ; Ann Wise, of Whitehaven, for St. Thomas,
lat. 24, lon. 26 ; Vitulia, London to Smyrna, 14th ult.,
off Malaga, ; Pilot. Leghorn to London, 14th ult., by the
Placid, arrived at Falmouth. Equator (French barque),
for Mauritius, 29th ult., lat. 39, lon. 14 ; Calder, London
to Barbadoes, 4th inst., lat. 49, lon. 11, by the Isabella
Wood, arrived at ditto. Freedom, of Brixham, 15th
ult., off Cape St. Vincent ; Providence, from Liverpool,
28th, lat. 42, lon. 10, by the Venus, arrived at ditto.
Joseph Fenton, frutn Leghorn ; Minerva, Havre to
Malta, 13th ; Volunteer, Malta to Gloucester, 18th, off
Cape St. Vincent ; 'litanies, London to Jamaica, out 11
days, lat. 41, ice). 12, by the Charles, arrived at ditto.
Corelia, Almeira to London, Ist inst., lat. 41, lon.
11, with loss of sails, jib boom, and boat stove.
Zephyr, Alexa-Aria. to Cork, 3d, lat. 46, lon. 10, by
the Lady Wrig ht, arrived at ditto. A ship under Dutch
colours, private I;ignal B 35, 31st ult., lat. 42, lon. 13 ;
Briton's Pride, S myrna to Bristol, 3d inst., lat. 45, lon.
10 ; Duchess of Kent, Smyrna to Bristol, sth inst., lat.
48 ,10i.7
,by the Leadbitter, arrived at ditto. Mermaid,
Of Guernsey,
lon. ,6, by the Saucy Lass, arrived off Dart-
mouth. Philome la, of Boston, 2Sth ult., lat. 45, lon. 12,
by the Hannah G-rayson, arrived at Portsmouth. Hiron-
delle Africa to Le ,anton, lat. 31, lou. 33, by the Governor,
arive'd at Plyino uth. Frederick Jacobo, Bremen,
.11t,
0.
Orleans, lat. 49, . (on. 8, by the Freedom, arrived at cit t
Shamrock steam or, Bristol to Sydney,
China, 30th,
Ln.4lNl:
loßnr.unle2ttlev,. S; uenadienralatnied,
itlnßdioverjlu'lla_yte Jul °9,
ue, London to
'l3.)ueeciplialus, arrived
lat. 31,31,0fn0.r11,21;31;1. x4paeirnieesn caenbdr brig, London
ar) i nar tt{.)o Chin a, 31st,
laotnt.h2elC: psee.
China, Ai tg. 2, lat. 1, lon. 11, by
22 S, lc in. 28 ;
lat. 97, 1 on. 26 ;
30, lout .20 ; toy Madras, Aug. 5, fat.
p Clyde to Calcutta, 9th,
trdney, July 2, hut. 4,
1"-arYMShareilles to Mauritius, 12th, lat.
Mars' China to London, 31st, off the
r i njglhp 'l3i, t' a tir, ndon
Londoni"
bean
dn i ti tnoc.
ruse of at
Cape, t ,y the l'inc.'ulna'
n to the marine force immediately,
It. is expected that-%V -°tl:de::rvcrii7lb
' 1?o, .tsmouth is so reduced, they could only
th a division tit • .
Ike aest'r% 1-1(0) t eb°enifga-oi;:se available. man fit for duty ; indeed,
vishinodnicotievaep;taii.nnd (n)3noestlieotfitetnhaenstiliaptsidir
the
ee
hinar(b)noutor
lf1111:1::0 but a earn m( n temporarily supntsplieStandard. d to them to keep
up the appnei 3 of a g

ALLIGATORS AND THEIR ROAR.
amTonhge large alhliaghaittoarnstao
andf
thec caymans are
whichare per
theti t
weo
of
fv.)rets.'-• -
the fishes. There they lie, like dry logs •
foot of some cataract, their mouth half opeti, r.eaB=;,• 7' • L,
- 4
snatch and swallow what the increased rapidity-d''
current should carry down the fell. How freM44l(4ei,
have we seen them in that situation While ascending the ''-",axy
upper river Berbice, which beyond all others seemed to
swarm with these horrid monsters. I haVe already ob-
served how often they tore the fish from our ..tTirio4-
hooks, and carried fish, hook, and line away ; and rce
naturally did not owe them good-will for their ste4:int.r.
propensities, which served as an additional proof
what extent their depredations must be carried on ; and
although abundance of fish during certain seasons pie-
'ails in the rivers of the interior, the cayman is nnca'r-
theless the most covetous of ail animals, and envies
every other suceessful fisher. This he gives to under-
stand, particularly by angry growls, if the line withtlie
captive is drawn in, and his attempts to intercept the
captured fish before it be drawn on the land should lra‘e
proved unsuccessful. . While we were encamped at th,
mouth of the river Rewa, or Roiwa, during our ',rat
expedition, the afternoon of the 21st of October had
passed under thunder and rain ; but at the approach
night nature lulled herself to rest, and ono, the drop-
pings from the leaves told of the former storm. I was
lying sleepless in my hammock, and 1 watched two In-
dians who had their lines out to entrap mime,is
fish. A kilbagre, lured away by the tempting ba',
snapped at it ; and the fisherman, acquainted by
stress on his line of his success, drew the unwilling lib
towards his canoe, when the roar of a cayman awoke
the echo of the woods ; and rushing towards the cour,,
with all his might, he recaptured the fish, as the asto-
nished Indians were just on the point of drawing it in ;
and with it went the hook and a great part of the Ina-.
At our second night's camp, after we had entered ti:
river Rupununi, the Indians were likewise fishing ; arn4,
whenever a fish was caught and drawn toward no:
canoe, the caymans commenced such a roar that it ha:-
fled description. We distinctly heard that there w,r(
three; first one commenced, when the fish that wz:,
drawn in began to struggle ; and wither answered hia,,
until the noise was so great that the Indians, as ,if in
self-defence, and to intimidate the approaching mnr:-
sters, set up a shout themselves. Indeed, the rnari.•7.
of the cayman is so strong, that in the still hour r.l
night it may be heard a mile off, anti there is
thing awful and indescribable in it ; it is not the ti is
growl, the bull's bellowing, the lion's roar, it is dirl,r-
ent from all, and really terrific when that sound bard;
suddenly upon the ear. I might compare it to Lb,
snorting of a frightened horse, if the strength of that
snort could be increased ten—no, twentyfold in efF,:et
—Schoinburgh's Fishes of Guiana.