The Sun.
London, England, 1840-11-21 00:00:00

FRAN CE.

CHAMBER OF PEERS.
(Continuation of the debate of Tuesday, 17th.)
Baron Charles Dopin began by saving that the moat
splendid picture had been givo,n of *Oriental greatnes,
and wealth, and of the source of all power being there
And it was then asked, how could France shrink front
rI-ini!ni7 hi-, prA,-,.i.,;-,,i, f,-.-er ~,,ii -...0.14i,:, ..owitrte., :
filt. ,1:0 ;,•45 the troth ? Of L., a ~;//;,,,/, of Fr.-0,1,
co,nloyre..., Mine hotillr,,l million; of ir,,tic ~,f-, -,.itil tit-
We-t, ,14,1 but tf,irl,.to.o oliffinit,, :riot tit E it. 111,
tocre.llL.rit, of .M.ulloh26ter azd Liverpool i)11 ~f,rt,d ii
to protest for peace and its interests. Why did not
the men of Lyons, Rouen, Bordeaux, end Marsoillos (hi
the same, instead of clamouring for blood, and assailing
the residences of the Consuls of Foreign Powers'? I'h,
French were not alive to their true interests when they
proposed risking their trade and prosperity for some ima-
ginary stake or influence in a remote corner of the Medi-
terranean. But political interests were to be consulted
as well as commercial ones ; and the balance of power
was to be preserved. Was this to be achieved by at-
tacking the Porte? He saw nothing but what was natura'
in the conduct of the Four Powers. They supported the
Turkish Government and Empire. They offered Me-
hemet the hereditary possession of Egypt, but threat-
ened that if, discontented with this, he still rebelled, he
should be treated like the great feudatory of any and
every empire in a similar case, viz., that he should bt-
deposed. We arm 900,000 men to oppose this. lii
the finest days of his reign Napoleon but raised 900,000
men to coerce or intimidate Europe. The remains of
that great man are coming amongst us, and are about
to be placed in the Chapel of the Invalides, in the spot
from which the altar of the living God has been re-
moved in order to make way for them. Ask those re-
mains, thus deified, the consequence of such efforts as
you now propose to make, and they will tell you that
the hero who commenced his career at St. Jean d'Acre,
terminated it at St. Helena. Look to the history of
Mehemet. He saw that under this status quo men
and money were failing bins ; and, to get out of
it, he provoked the Sultan by claiming
inde-
pendence.
The result was a war and a battle, as
disgraceful to victors as vanquished. Sixteen of Ibra-
him's battalions disbanded on the field of battle, and left
the victor for five days unable to pursue any other fugi-
tives save those of his own army. Four battalions of
Ibrahim's guards, enrolled from Syria, deserted to the
foe. Even after his victory the Lebanon revolted
against him, the Maronites were with difficulty reduced,
and the Haouran was only kept in submission by the
Egyptians seizing all the wells and sources of water, and
building fortresses over them. These Syrians fought
for their freedom as did the Poles. Why should not
Europe feel the same sympathy for them? Seventeen
thousand of Ibrahim' troops perished in the Taurus of
• cold and privation. New recruitments were necessary
1 to fill the void, and boys were taken down to the age of
13 to make soldiers of them. No wonder that an army
so formed, and so cared for, should disperse before 1,000
English and 3,000 or 4,000 Turks. Syria has broken
the yoke of Mehemet, and so, perhaps, may Egypt, tilt
population of which has decreased by a million under
his reign. Ai for Franee, instead of stipulating to
procure the Pucha fresh provinces, she ought to inter-
pose 'to prevent his depopulating those be bus. She
ought to stipulate that the force of his armies should
not surpass the reproductive power of his population.
She ought to interfere for the wretched fellah, that he
might have more than a mendicant's subsistence from
the soil. She ought to insist on introducing the benevo-
lent code of Gulhane into Egypt, instead of seeking to
spread Egyptian tyranny and depopulation over the rest
of Asia.

Count Montalembert said that he came to plead the
cause of peace and resignation. Yct he had always been
the partisan of a spirited feeling. He preferred war to
humiliation, but no war that was not a just one. France
in his opinion, had been most cruelly deceived, both as
to the merits and the force of Mehemet Ali. As to his
being a usurper, he could have forgiven it had he been
a mild, a fair, or benevolent prince. His provinces may
have been disorderly before ; but in this very dis-
order, this irregularity of administration, were found
intervals of repose, exception from tyranny, and
escape from the yoke. 'Under Mehemet there was
none of this—no repose, no exception, no escape
from his rod of iron. Mehemet Ali has imitated Russia
in prostituting the inventions of civilisation to the sup-
port of the genius of barbarism. In rendering despotiim
mere regular, he has rendered it more crushing and uni-
versal. • He has levied soldiers so as to annihilate the
population ; and for a revenue he has taken, not a part,
but the whole of all property—monopolizing at once
commerce and agriculture. Out of three millions of
subjects he keeps up an army of 270,000 men, and de-
corates this fearful oppression with titles and appear-
ances borrowed from France. What an infamous pa-
rody of our institutions to have forced the whole male
population of Cairo into a national guard with tin! up-
lifted stick as the source of discipline! The stick is
the only Egyptian instrument of civilization, as famine,
nudity, and despair form all the wea'th left to his sub-
jects. Egypt has not revolted, because it is without
hands or arms ; but Syria has pretested by continued
insurrections against this frightful regime. The Syrians
counted on our sympathy and protection—we had
no sympathy but f.or the Egyptians ; and when our
Consul interfered, lie was removed. H. might un-
desrstand the Russians admiring Mehemet Ati's Go-
vernment—he could not understand Frenchmen doing
so. After the battle of Nozib 3,000 Egyptians
fled with the vanquished, to escape the tyranny of
their old generalissimo. Is it not well known that the
population has decreased one-third during the reign
of the Pacha? It would be something if this atro-
cious system begot force : but, on the contrary, feeble-
ness is its result. It is like the Egyptian fleet of twenty
sail of the line, which has cost millions of men and
money, yet which dare not face three English vessels
blockading the port of Alexandria ; and his famous
army, what has become of it before a handful of
'forks and English ? Egypt and Syria furnish 150,000
recruits, two-thirds perish, and leave but an army of
50,000 soldiers. How could he pass the Taurus with
such a force ? We relied upon his strength, England
knew his weakness, and see how successful she has
proved. The orator then proceeded to show how much
more advantageous it would have been for France to
have embraced the alliance of the Sultan, which had
been from Francis the First's time the alliance of
France. How much more honourable to have sup-
ported the reforms of Guiliano than the tyranny of
the Nile and Lebanon Frenchmen might have been,
and were welcomed in Turkey as in Egypt.
Turkey has a political creed. It believes in legi-
timacy, which in France is merely a word invented
by Talleyrand, but which in the East is an idea. It
is the superstition of hereditary right. The son of Mah-
mond is inviolate in Mussulmans' eyes ; whereas the
son of Mehemet is and never can be more than an ad-
venturer. Turkey is weak ; France should have forti-
fied it, instead of opposing and forcing other Powers to
form a Treaty to support it to our exclusion. The ora-
tor then entered into a history of the false policy of all
Ministries, even before 1830. The elder 'bourbons
supported Russia, ,and sent a French Env ay to assist
at the delivery of 'Varna. General Gui';tetninot first
sought to make the _Paella an ally of Tbaiace against
Russia, but he was recalled in consequence. The Due
de Broglie's Ministry scarcely interf 'red in the events
which preceded the Treaty of Kut,Aiah. Admiral Rous-
sin arrived late, and protested in vain, The Russians
were at Constantinople, and thus Treaty of .Unkiar Ske-
lessi ensued. Then camel litu.shal Souk's first Ministry,
which, after the battle of I!Tezib," adhered to the declaration
of the 27th of July, ~ h;
w--- gar e to the Five Powers the
decision of a question Waiefs France and England might
have settled alone an.'
WuiCu committed the great
fault of allowing the i
I:ur'ish fleet to be carried off to
Alexandria. Marshal
to join the Vienna ce 'Smiles former Ministry refused
, inferencec, because Russia would
not consent to tner, ; and, according to M. Thiers, it
me action 0 k refused the comb; d f .he English and French
fleets in the Sea. of Marmora. Ws'r might have resulted
from this, bt' it Would ham been frank, national, and

advantageous war. M. Thiess' Ministry, too, had its
fault. It ought to have taken advantage of its popula-
rity and its power over the Press to have'changecl the
direction of the national policy in the East—to have re-
knitted the Anglo-French alliance, and above all not to
have consulted the Pacha as to the terms of an arrange-
ment. It seems there were three grand errors with re-
gard to French policy in the East—first, too great fear of
Russia, and of a collision with her ; secondly, a blamable
negligence in supporting the status quo as something
permanent ; and thirdly, the unjust and exorbitant sacri-
fice of the Ottoman interests to those of Egypt. For
note well, Messieurs, what ore the most positive results
of our Eastern policy, and of that increase of Egyptian
power which we so applaud. The result consists in two
facts, the most serious and deplorable of the last ten
years—that is to say, the presence of the Russians for
the first time at Constantinople in 1833, and the sup-
Lure of the Anglo-French alliance in 1840. This is
what the Paella of Egypt has cost the world and us.—
(Prolonged sensation.) I know how unpopular it is at
present to defend the English alliance ; but I persist in
thinking it the only one that is moral, just, and useful
to France ; and I feel myself still more forced to pro-
claim it, as I perceive with grief the idea of a
speedy alliance with Russia daily gaining ground. As
to the preponderance of England in Syria, we should
have shared it had we gone along with her ; whilst
to attempt to prevent., England opening a shorter
road to the Indies, with a hundred millions of sub-
jects on one side and twenty-five millions on the other,
WAS working against nature, reason, and good sense ;
it would have been quite as rational to have at-
tempted to prevent, at another epoch, the discovery of a
passage round the Cape of Good Hope. If the French
make war for the East, they must do so without an
illy. The Propaganda is nonsense. We arc detested
in Europe by high and low, on account of our absurd
pretensions, and can never make a successful war until
we make it for a good and a just cause. To make war
for the independence of Cracow were better than to
declare it for the aggrandisement of Egypt. In con-
elusion, Messieurs, said the speaker, I believe that this
Eastern question will be the tomb of that peace which
we have enjoyed for ten years, and I am glad of it.—
(Hear, hear.) But I do not believe the moment
Suing. nor the cause sufficient, to sishstitute for it war
with the whole of Europe. I believe in the great-
ness, in the power, in the invincible courage, of my
country, but I believe also that these incalculable re-
sources must rest on a just cause, to act with all their
due force in the destinies of the world. 1 believe that
l'i th, ii,:art of E,irop,, i‘at she
,annot. on ,cn Pike this, flu- pwely personal
reeLon un the t!ioso whom
it we must
ti. yle,tio! s which oe-
up)-, utiloti; the. st,,L!:sin;:n of F;escee such a space,
still believe that the late Ministry had more at heart
than any other the dignity of their country, and if they
save committed the faults I have describcd, I know but
too well how they will be repaired by their successors,
sho, we knew, were their predecessors, and who have
.tone still more mischief. I conclude with certainty
I that my language must lie displeasing to all parties, and
)pposed to every prejudice, but with the sweet and
proud conviction of never having sacrificed my princi-
ples to any fear, to any passion, or any party.—
(Cheers.) The Noble Count, on taking his seat, was
eongratulated by many of his brother Peers.
M. Villemain, the Minister of Public Instruction,
justified the French Government for having signed the
collective note of the 26th of July, and said that it could
not have acted otherwise. It had been said, observed M.
Villemain, that this was the prelude to a still greater fault,
viz., that of demanding from the Porte its consent for
the admission of the two fleets into the Dardanelles. M.
Villemain entered into a justification of the conduct of
the Goverment on this occasion. Alluding.to the trea-
son of the niche who commanded the Turkish fleet,
he said that France was desirous of seeing it restored,
Jut that as the niche refused, she could not resort to
the extremity of burning it, and also the Egyptian fleet,
in the port where they were sheltered. This would not
have been humane, it would have been bat barons. " The
eGrts of a great Power," added M. Villemain, " were
long made. When the Cabinet of the 12th of May
endeavoured to negotiate, every kind of good under-
standing soon became impossible on the Eastern ques-
tion. France wished for what England objected to ;
the two Powers could not agree, and the French Go-
vernment then adopted a policy which would not com-
promise the future. France was desirous of peace ; she
,treaded the effect which might be produced in Europe
by the sound of the first cannon in the East; we did all
xe could to maintain peace in Europe ; and if we do
maintain it, and maintain it honourably, es we hope to
do, justice will be done to us, and the country will
thank us."

Count Serrurier then read a speech, but in so low a
tone that he was inaudible.

There being now a general call for adjournment, the
Chamber adjourned at a quarter after five till to-morrow.

SITTING OF Nov. 18.

Baron Pasquier, the President, took the chair at half-
past one, but the Chamber was not in number to pro-
ceed to business till two o'clock, at which time all the
Ministers had arrived.
' The order of the day was the continuation of thc dis-
cussion on the address, previous to which, however,
MM. Cunin Gridaine and Tcste presented two bills
passed by the Chamber of Deputies, for credits for the ,
reparation of damages caused by the late inundations,
►nd for the relief of the sufferers.

M. Pelet de la Lozerc rose and said, that as a mem-
ber of the former Administration, he was not dis-
posed to keep silence while that Administration was
attacked, and thought it incumbent on him to repiy
to it, without at the same time accusing any
one. The line of policy followed in the affairs of the
East, and, especially, in that between Turkey and Egypt,
was fixed by the Treaty of the 27th of July, 1839,
and was the only one which could be followed. The
speaker then entered into a long detail of the circum-
stances which have brought about the present complicat-
ed state of affairs, the origin of which he traced back
to 1833, the epoch at which war commenced between the
Sultan and the Pacha, as also of the negotiations that
had taken place since the Sultan first claimed the inter-
ference of the Five Powers,
M. Guizot ascended the tribune, and said : The
greatest circumspection was necessary for him in the
present state of circumstances, hut at the same time
it was his duty to state clearly the position of the
Cabinet, and which could Lot be better described
than in the words of the Speech from the throne.
Since 1833 peace had been threatened more than
once the Sultan and the Pacha had been equally ready
to disturb it ; but for six years it had been maintained in
spite of the events which had threatened to trouble it.
France had nothing to reproach herself with. She hail
done, both at Alexandria and Constantinople, all that was
incumbent on her for the maintenance of peace. We
have no engagement with the Pacha beyond that arising
from the interest we. have manifested for him, and yet
have we not already done enough for him and his cause.
We have incurred the coolness of our best friends, and
isolated oursela es among the Powers. France has no-
thing to apprehend from the coalition of the Powers.
No intention has existed of dividing the Ottoman em-
pire. This was the express intention of the Treaty.
'rite best resources of France arc in peace. It is
thereby that France will best. consolidate in Europe her
credit, dignity, and power. Only suffer her to live free
and tranquil, and there would be nothing to fear from
English influence.
After a few words from M. Montalembert, the gene-
red discussion was closed, and the first paragraph of the
address put to the vote and adopted.
Par. 2 adopted.
On Par. 3 being read, M. de Dreux Emu rose, and
was left speaking at the hour of post.
As different versions arc given of what M. Guizot said,
we add the report of the Times, which differs from
what is contaircd in our other Contemporaries, and give
some later particulars supplied by the Correspondent of
the Times :
M. Guizot, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, said, that
the policy of the new Cabinet was clearly laid down in the
Speech from the Throne. France, under the circum-
stance in which she had been placed, could not but con-
tinue her armaments, and assume an attitude that enabled
her to be ready to act according to events. "We trust, ,
however, (said M. Guizot) that the peace of Europe will
not be disturbed, that the pending differences will be ho-
nourably adjusted for France ; we arc labouring
to
that effect, and our intentions are known to be sincerely
pacific." ffe next showed France at all times desirous
to preserve peace in the East; she had nothing to re-
proach.
been
he e called
n
herself ; her endeavours at Constantinople
madeand
Alexandria tended uniformly to that end. lie then
de-
viatedaum
the
mo
from in the East, and Europe was now reaping the
a glowing
an de unieucgei of
policy. policy Tuhfat peace,
pol policy y which
had
fatal results accruing from that mistake. France had-pre-
vailed upon Mehemet Ali to give up Candia and Arabia
for the sake of peace, on condition that he should retain
the hereditary possession of Egypt and Syria. England at
first would only grant the hereditary government of Egypt
and of the Pachalic of Acre, without the fortress which she
considered as the key of Syria. At a late period, however,
and with a view to maintain peace, she offered to concede 1
Mehemet Ali the Pachalie of Acre, together with the fort.
ress, but merely for life. This being her ultimatum
ehadesh eorbbl
obliged
d friend;t o hkarn
all negotiation.; were broken off; but the opinion of M.
Guizot was, that it would have been preferable for all parties
at at any time, to have accemptseedlveesitltioertioief tphroe.
to what alternatives France. bad
tmhanGto u havezo t
thouex possheodwt
been reduced by her support of Mahe
t A l quarrellediies ; oh
e withw
she was left alone
whole of Europe ; and all that f
ruin-
ous armaments, and incurred the • osfak%wor
all
lthbouut
veetreAcolia.rseSt:ehtande vritir
a distant
and uncertain friend. M. Guizotor nexttbe contended tzbak•!l°
offence had been meant or offered bythe Powers, parties
to the Treaty of the 15th of Jul It was after the failure
of all attempts at an accommodation ) that they 1,04 re-
solved on settling the •
operation
differences without the co- •
of France. The f •cautioned the
foreign negotiators had not
French Minister merely once but repeatedly during the
course of the neg otiations, that if France kept aloof the
Four other Powers
would undertake themselves to adjust
the question. Franca was accordingly aware of what
would occur, and could not consequently regard herself
an affronted when uo insult was igtended or offered.

EVEN' N

EDITION.

The Powers never contemplated to deceive, dare, or
isolate France; tney were not actuated by any hos-
tile feelings towards her, and it was only when all hope
of coaling to an understanding with her had vanished,
that the Treaty was concluded without her. M. Guizot
then concluded by all eloquent appeal in behalf of peace ;
the time of violence'and conquest, he said, was gone by
France, wealthy, prosperous, and free, should strive to
peace every where." M. Gu'zot had n
preserve the blessings of peace, and 'adopt for her motto,
" Peace for ever, o
sooner concluded, than M. Montelembert ran to the tri-
bune, slid protested against the last sentiments delivered
by M. Guizot, which be said amounted to "peace at any
price." M. Guizot then interrupted the speaker, and
expostulated against that construction being placed on his
expressions.
M. de Baissy d'Anglas afterwards read his opinion on
the Address, amidst the noise of private conversations.
When he had left the tribune, the general discussion was
I closed, and the three first paragraphs, including that on
the East, were adopted without opposition. The article
relative to Spain alone 'gave rise to any debating. M.
Dreux Breze profitted of the opportunity to inveigh against
the policy pursued by Great Britain in respeet to that
country, and which he charged with fomenting civil disc, rd
in the Peninsula for the purpose of taking advantage of it
and ruining the influencJ of Franca.
M. Guizot offered a few observations in vindication of
the. policy of Great Britain with regard to Spain, and
maintained that she was so little actuated by se.fish mo-
tive:-, or by a desire to assert her a: ci.adaney in :hat king-
dom, that she proposed, four years ago, forrance, to join
her in an armed intervention, which invitation the litter
had declined.
The paragraph was then put to the vote and adopted.
11. d'Harcoutt next moved an amendment in laveur of
the nationality of Poland. He said that there was no cc-
casian to develope his amendment, which had obtained,
during the last session, the adhesiou of Marshal Soult and
M. Villemain.

M. de Taschcr seconded the nmcndmei.t, which, on being
put to the vo!e, was adopted by a small majority. M.
Villemain rose in its favour, but Marshal Soult and Ad-
miral Duperre voted against it. M. Humana, the other
Peer Minister, took no part on either side,

The paragraph relative to the Argentine Republic was
next adopted without any debate, and that respecting Al-
geria was under discussion when our reporter left the houxe.
• A considerable number of Deputies, and among them
most of the Commissioners of the Address, assisted at the

' sitting.
M. de Remusat, the former `sinister of the Interior, was
also present, but retired atter M. Guizot's speech, to which
he appeared to pay the neatest attention. M. Dupin had
accepted the mission of dialing up the Addrcs*. of the
Chamber of Deputies.
The f.);lnwine are the opin;onc of P. rnrtion of the Paris
debafr :--
The
Chamber of

~~ :. ;

Ir,lo r

two passage ,
declares O.:
sooner than consent to the degrailatiou of tlio (Tun-
try. This declaration comes too late. It would have
produced some effect under an energetic Ministry ; it
has the appearance of a boast, under an AdmitisAration
which has already rend,2red war impossible, and which
can no longer obtain an honoutalde peace. The
Coarrier Francais adds. that, it can more readily compre-
hend the very cordial reply which the Chamber makes to
the provocation whick the King's speeds contains relative
to the laws of September ag,dost. the press. " There is
little to be said on the thili,..te," continues the Courria
Francais. .Nl. de Dreux Brez,',:• only spoke to:demand a
congress for the purpose of putting an end to the Treaties
of ISIS, and of renewing the basis of the balance of pO5 er
in Europe. The Baron Charles Dupin wished that the
Treaty of London sl:ould be tia.red to be accomplished.
It was not necessary to rise to express such a pacific
wish. The Ministry has provided for that. The Count
de Montalembert, who has just returned from a too
hasty journey into the East, drew up a bill of indict-
ment against the Paella. It is quite consistent that
M. de Montalembert, wishing to crush the Pacha of'
Egypt, should wish that the Treaty of July should
be executed ; but there i; mote in the Treaty than the
humiliation of the Pacha ; there is in it likewise the iso-
lation and humiliation of France. The Courrier Francais
regrets that a statesman like M. de /thnitalembert
should not have recollected that fact. M. de Villemain
endeavoured in his reply to explain and justify the policy
pursued by the Ministry of the 12th of May. This
apology will probably be contradicted en Wednesday by
M. Pelet (de la Lozere), who has announced his inten-
tion of speaking, but up to the present hour the debate
has not been equal to the subject."
The National says that five orators took a part in the
debate in the Chamber of Peers on Tuesday_alat
Dreux Breze, Charles Dupin, Montalembert, Villemain,
and Serrurier. The. latter addressed an auditory which was
fatigued and iouArrilat pay atteritiOn. M. Dupin succeeded
in driving away even the Ministers whose policy he was do-
fending. Whilst he was speaking there were fifty Peers who
gazed in stupid amazement, whilst others were yawning or
chatting, and the Duke of Orleans,who felt obliged to observe
a demeanour of etiquette, whiled away the time by an im-
moderate use of his eyeglass. No doubt M. Dupin thought
be was relating most wonderful news, for it is impossible
for any orator to bring a greater stock of self-sufficiency to
the tribune, but an hour and half of his squeaking voice is
intolerable. The only two interesting speeches during the
debate were made by MM. Drcux Breze and Monta-
lembert. The first, abjuring all factious opposition,
drew a gloomy but accurate picture of the situa-
tion of the country; France, wi.hout allies abroad,
placed in a solitary position, the result of
the policy pursued by the Government for the
last ten years ; the alliance of Great Britain exposed in
its true colours, that of profound and incurable hostility ;
, an uncertain and unskilful diplomacy without foresight
previous to events, and without firmness when those events
ace concluded, condemning this great nation to act in a
manner unworthy of her history, and unworthy of her
power; a moral disorder at home, weakness abroad; a
dishonourable and ruinous peace, a war sooner or later
inevitable—such -is the picture which the speaker drew
of the present position of affairs, and no one can assert
that the description is overcharged. M. de Montalerubert,
whose style is grave and simple, and whose melodious
voice is calculated to convince his auditors of the sin-
cerity of the :;peaker, concluded his discourse by declaring
that he was certain of exciting the prejudices of all poli-
tical parties against him. " Although," continues the
National, " we are of opinion that the orator made use of
many fallacies, we have never appreciated in any other
manlier than M. de 11lontalenibert the egotistical and mean
policy which has been followed for the last ten years. We
have anticipated him in the vivid and just criticism which
he passed on all the Ministers for the last ten years, but we
cannot partake his illusions upon the durability of the Ot-
toman empire, and he appears to resign himself to the
consequences of peace IN ith too great facility."
I The Commerce says, " The Chamber of Peers corn-
meaced t.1.,e debate upon the address on Wednesday, but
there is not much to be said on the subject. The Marquis
de Drcux Breze rather glanced at than examined the great
questions of the day. M. Charles Dupin proved that he
was animated by a more lively than enlightened desire for
peace, and the Eastern question appeared to hint of little
importance. It is to be seen how the debate will be con-
tinued on Thursday."
The Univers stilt, that since the cannon of Beyrout
caused the Chambers to be convoked, the situati to of
affairs, both at home and abroad, has changed con-
siderably. The Nlidistry which c, nvoked the Chain..
bets has dissppeared, and almost at the same
time has Mehemet Ali's power fallen to pieces, the fra-
gility of whose empire has deranged all the calculations
of the French policy. Syria has fallen into the power of
England, so that as far as regards that part of Mehemet
Ali's conquests, the Treaty of London may be said to be
executed. The Four powers accept the ultimatum offered
by the note of the Bth of October; they restore Egypt to
the Paella, who had lost it by virtue of the treaty.
France finds that she has procured les for the Pacha
than the treaty granted him. But if she had not inter-
fered actively in favour of the Nona, be would not
have been witness to his dapo...itien. This result, so
-ire
polittl.etioflnaotrteariri
the
Dreux Breze remarked in the Chamber of Peers, without
orench diplomatitc° sena lark- leo; en
r,ofch tair7gelnti°t"h elgad to
flattering
for it has left France, as the Marquis
gi de-
allies in Europe. That alone is a fact of immense magni-
tude. The rupture of the allies with France will neces-
sarily cause the rupture of the entire system of European
policy, and in order to reconstruct another system France
must either negotiate or fight.
The Constitutionnel observes, that the address of the
Chamber of Peers is neitfier remarkable for clearness
nor precision. ". An endless paragraph," ii says,
61 is devoted to the Eastern Question, but it does
not say all that it ought to say. Nevertheless,
we must be just. The Chamber, to whom the draught
of the address was communicated yecerdav, made se-
venal wise suggestions, which the Committee approved of
According to our information, the Staeding Committees
introduced important modifications in the address. This
assembly, in which so many illustrious Generals are to be
found, spurned, for instance, to declare that war was a
formidable extremity. In the paragraph relative to Sp. in
an expression was struck out which was both improper
and irrelevant. We congratulate the noble Chpmbcr on
the amendments it has introduced in the draught of its re-
ply to the Speech from the Throne, and we hope that the
public discussion will complete this work of improvement.
Such as it is, however, the address, we hesitate not to ad-
mit, is more explicit and more energetic than the Speech
from the Throne."

t ?ll~.Ii;iMl

h!:•In.
I.r.^ : I.:rrS

A garrison
na gunner Court-martialnierand
driverw 'as of
held at Woolvrich
Thursday
onthe
Ist battalion,
who had been detected with a ball cartridge in his breast
under very suspicious circumstances. lie had been making
inquiries for the Sergeant-Major previousto being detected.
The gunner and driver is a man of very bad character, and
has twice deserted from the regiment. The result of the
Court-martial is not yet known to the public. This occur.
occur at present,
rence has created a treat sensation in the garrison owing
to the recollection of the untimely end, last Year, of
SeraSe-
. would be in the
geant- Major Shepherd, who was shot on the parade
wlndow
worthless character belonging to his company.
AcTicaN 0 F EA RTIIQUA IC ES.—Professor Buck.
land remarked, that, as lectures were now going on in the
land of earthquakes, be would tell them what to do when"-
them betake
an earthquake occurred. He had been at Palermo,ad
a
the roof and flat:
window,th the
learned that, if an earthquake were to
those sitting in the centre of the room
greatest danger, he who was sitting at a
in the least. In such circumstances,let would be
beams
seglvievse
wtoaya dfirosotr. earnedupright
stand the shock.—Mirror. walls longest with-.
CONCERTS D'HIVER, DRU a 1 '..
theatre was last night numerously LANE.—TbiS
nobility we noticed the following attended. Among the
Prince Esterhazy, Earl
and : —Lady Palmerston,
Sandwich, Lord Tern 1 Countess of Erroll, Earl of
p etown, Sir John and Lady Paul,
Colonel Jervis, Sec.

Dr. Thorburite, of Liverpool, has become the
proprietor and manager of the Belfast Theatre.