The Sun.
London, England, 1847-03-25 00:00:00

AMERICAN NEW 6.

LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY EVENING.

By the packet-ships Garrick and Montezuma we have
accounts from New York to the 4th and 6th inst. inelu-

sive, respectively.
These accounts ere important.

The session of Congress had closed.
The Three Million Bill had received previously the
sanction of both branches of the Legislature. The
Wilmot proviso against slavery was rejected. The votes
on this proviso were, in the senate, 31 to 21; in the
house, 112 to 97. The final votes on the passage of the
Bill were, in the senate, 29 to 24; and in the house, Ilb
to 82. The following is the substance of the Bill:
" This resolution enables the President to conclude a
treaty of peace, 14;nits and boundaries, with theyepublie
of Mexico, to be used by him in the event that said
treaty, when signed by the authorized agents of the two
Governments, and duly ratified by Mexico, shall call for
the expenditure."
The House of Representatives had refused to sanction
the levy of a duty on tea and coffee.
The Irish Relief Bill passed the senate, but was thrown
out in the house by a vote of 102 to 53.
The War and Mail Steamers Bill, one clause of which
provides for the establishment of a line of four steamers
to run between New York and Liverpool, had received
the approval of Congress.
The Hon. David Tod had been appointed Minister to
Brazil, vice Mr. Wise, recalled at his own request.
Mr. Rush, of Pennsylvania, had been appointed
Minister to the Court of France.
Late accounts had been received from the seat of war:
" WASHINGTON, MARCH 5. The schooner Cora
arrived at New Orleans on the 26th ult. from Brazos,
the 19th. The intelligence of the prospect of an action
at Saltillo is confirmed. All General Taylor's outposts
are said to be driven in, and an attack, if made at all,
was expected during the first few days of February.
" General Taylor's command at Saltines would exceed
6,000 men. Many believed, that when the Mexicans
found him in such force, the idea of an attack would be
abandoned.
" Very many officers were still of opinion that Santa
Anna meditated no serious blow in that quarter, and
that the movement was but a feint, and that he will lead
the main body of his forces to Vera Cruz.
" Rumours have reached New Orleans by this arrival
that a general engagement had taken place. The
Picayune attaches no credit to them.
" Much apprehension was felt at Matamoras of an
attack by General Urrea, who is understood to be on
this side of the mountains with 4,000 men, 2,000 of
them not to be surpassed by any in the Mexican service;
the remainder are Rancheros.
" Colonel Drake, commanding at Matamoras, has pro-
vided muskets and ammunition for citizens in case of an
attack, and had sent to Point Isabel for several pieces of

ordnance.
" The Picayune does not deem the danger threatening
the Matamoras very imminent.
" Troops were embarking at the mouth of the Rio
Grande as rapidly as possible. General Scott sailed on
the 13th.
" General Worth had not left on the 19th, and would
not until the whole command was en shipboard. It was
not supposed that the army could move from the island
of Lobos before the 18th of March."
We extract from the Washington Union the following:—
" We understand that letters have been received from
Major-General Scott as late as the 14th of February at
the Brazos. He was making exery arrangement to re-
move the troops to the island of Lobos; but, contrary
to his expectation, the ten transports which had been
engaged at New Orleans, and the others which had been
cispatched from the northern ports, had not yet arrived.
It is certain that they must have arrived there from both
ports before this time. The ordnance, too, had not got
to its place of destination.
, Accounts had been received that the Mexican troops
were pouriug into Vera Cruz, principally in consequence
of the dispatches which had been intercepted on the per
son of Lieutenant Richey, of the infantry.
"It is also said, on highly respectable authority, that a
French merchantman had just found its way into Vera
Cruz with 10,000 stand of arms and 20 tons of gun-
powder on board. It remains to be seen in what man-
ner this vessel eluded our blockading squadron.
"It is said that Commodore Perry, who left Wash-
ington a few days ago to embark in the steamer Mis-
sissippi (lately repaired at Norfolk), within a week goes
to the Gulf to take the command of our squadron.
" General Scott had not received any very recent
dispatches from General Taylor, but accounts had
reached him from Monterey of the report that Major Bor-
land, with about 50 soldiers of the Arkansas mounted
re_iment, had been taken by the Mexicans ; but it was
also said that Major Gaines and the mounted Ken-
tuckians were not there when the Arkansas Dragoons
were captured."
Later intelligence had been received from Vera Crux
—namely, to the 4th ult.
Our letters from the squadron are to the 4th, and ear
Vera Cruz papers to the 2d.
General Valencia has been relieved of his command,

and his place supplied by General Vazquez.
The Mexicans, having become convinced that Vera Cruz
is to be the object of attack, have set about fortifying
the passes on the road to Mexico. The merchants of
Jutapa have been called upon for a loan of 4,000 dolls. to
fortify the Puente istacionel.
ltejon and Iriarte have entered upon the discharge of
their duties as Secretaries of Foreign Affairs and Fi-
nances. Guevara has resigned the post of Minister of

Justice.
We do not find anything from San Luis, and cannot
say whether Santa Anna has marched thence.
The Mexican papers are crowded
T ula
with the move-
ments of our troops. At San Luis, and Jalapa,
they are on the alert for the advance of General Scott.
Commodore Connor bad been superseded by Com-
modore Perry in command of the Gult squadron.
By way of Havannah, news from Merida had been re-
ceived at New Orleans to the 6th ult. The forces of
Campeachy bad entered Merida, the city having capi-
tulated. Senor D. Domingo Barret has been nominated
Governor of Yucatan. The Government and Council
of State ate transferred to Campeachy.
The blockade of Laguna and Campeachy had been
suspended so long as the most absolute neutrality should
be observed, and vessels could come and go freely
which should not attempt to carry by stealth munitions
of war. ,
The Irish Relief Fund in New York amounted

j 55,000 One vessel with the supplies of American
charity had already been dispatched trom New York for
Ireland. A second was to follow.

COMMERCIAL NEWS.
NEW YORK, Mimi( s.—The markets were mostly quiet,
and presented little change since yesterday's report. The
uncertainty about freights tended to check operations. The
large number of vessels which arrived a few day since,
which, it was believed at first, would have reduced the rates
of freights, it seems, from the fact of many of them being
engaged previous to arriral, the expected decline was not
realised. Within a day or two, easterly winds have
again prevailed, and a number of vessels being due, it
was supposed many were off the coast, ready to enter
the harbour on a change of wind to the south. In this
state of uncertainty, the rates to Liverpool, though nomi-
nally the same, were rather heavy. Small sales of Genesee
flour were made at 7 dollars ; Southern was quiet at 6 dol-
lars 50c. to 6 dollars 75c. A sale of red wheat was made at
1 dollar 50c. Corn was less firm, and sales were freely made
at 90c. to 95c. for Southern white, and at 95c. for Southern
yello!v; Prime Northern yellow sold from 95c. 98c. to 99c
Provisions were quiet at yesterday's rates, with some sales of
lard, and clear middles of pork. Groceries were steady,
with a fair amount of sales, if we except coffee, which conti-
nued dull.

The celebrated picture of the Death of Nelson,
which not only gained for Drummond the premium, but so
much deserved renown, is to be sold at Robins's auction
rooms to-morrow. We also noticed a pair of beautiful Fete
Champetres, by Watteau, several fine pictures from the col-
lection of Sir Joshua Reynolds, many capital Italian and
Dutch pictures, a genuine Morland, and some choice sea-
pieces, by the well known Powell, all, it is said, collected by
a well known connoisseur.
A collection of very beautiful Italian sculpture has
been publicly exhibited at Robins's Auction Rooms during
the week. There is an endless variety of exquisite groups
and figures, which surpass all former efforts of the modern
sculptor, whilst vast taste is shown
nin the selection of the
subjects. The rare marbles of E seat d T
s lendsclano)b" esculptured
into noble tazzas and vases,
bpre.we
pnoticed a itrhl) colos-
coration for the
sal pair of tazzas, far surpassing in elaborateness of' scul -
The sale takes plapc;
tore any before seen in this country.
gallery and !ill
this day.
ot a converted
BAPTISM OF A Jaw.—Yesterday
2,000 and 3,000 persons attended ae,l,bßetegewenetn
Regent-
street, to witness the interesting ceremony
il Israelite el
beenite tieingel n publicly icc loymb,
the Christian
earptt,isned.ynnAngdevinentnio.nalansereavic
jeohseapvb
bßyretmbenerß,
Rev. Dr.
lre.dLiineftnobtihine pasulptint,bwi:.iievrieelhoe
of
fans interrogated
religion, to which he gave the most satisfactory an„swe.rss.i.
He stated that his father and mother were both of the Jewish
persuasion, and that he had been brought up in the strictest
forms of that religion. When he was sixteen years of age
his father died, and two years after his mother also died.
He and his two brothers were then left in the care of some
relatives until they became of age, when they Caine into
possession of their property left them by their parents.
After some time the three separated, each taking a different
route. The elder brother came to England, and, under a
clergyman, conviction was brought home to him that the
religion be had been following was not right, and he embraced
Christianity. The convert was then baptised by the Doctor
in the name of the Trinity.
POST-OFFICE NOTICE.—The following Post-office
notice has been issued The Postmaster-General having
been informed by the Director-General of the French Post-
office that correspondence forwarded by the French Mediter-
ranean packets to the Papal States is liable to a further
charge on delivery, letters, henceforward addressed to these
states, when directed to be forwarded by French Packets,
cannot be paid in advance to their destination, although
they may still be forwarded unpaid, as at present. By
"vier of the Postmaster General. General Post-office,
March 23.
LW CATHOLIC CHAPEL.-- The long-pending
negociation for the purchase of a piece of ground in King
Edward's-road, Mare-street, Hackney, for the erection of a
building for Catholic worship, has been effected, and the
foundation .stone laid a few days ago. A supper to the work-
men engaged was given at the Dolphin Tavern, on Monday
night.

LITERATURE.
THE HISTOtYY OF ENG 1./1 durrna Thirty
Years Peace. By Charles Knight. L\ o. IV.
After an interval of nearly twelve months, Mr.
Knight resumes his valuable historical labours. The
work, he tells us, will be completed in one volume
of 1,000 pages. The present volume contains the
history of the year 1817—of the suspension of the
Habeas Corpus Act, of the atrocious spy system of
Sidmouth, and of the numerous State trials of that
year, which will be ever memorable for the death of
the Princess Charlotte and the acquittal of Hone.
The trials of Hone are thus graphically described by
Mr. Knight :--
"On the morning of the 18th of December there is a
considerable crowd round the avenues of Guildhall. An
obscure bookseller, a man of no substance or respecta-
bility in worldly eyes, is to be tried for libel. He rends
his wares in a little shop in the Old Bailey, where there
are, strangely mingled, twopenny political pamphlets,
and old harmless folios that the poor publisher keeps
for his especial reading as he sits in his dingy back
parlour. The door-keepers and officers of the court
scarcely know what is going to happen ; for the table
within the bar has not the usual covering of crimson
bags, but ever and anon a dingy boys arrives with an
armful of books of all ages and sizes, and the whole table
is strewed with dusty and tattered volumes that the
ushers are quite sure have no law within their mouldy
covers. A middle-aged man,—a bland and smiling
man,—with a half sad half merry twinkle in his eye,—
a seedy man, to use an expressive word, whose black coat
is wondrouc brown and threadbare,—takes his place at
the table, and begins to turn over the books which were
his heralds. Sir Samuel Shepherd, the Attorney
General, takes his seat; and looks compassionately, as
was his nature to do, at the pale man in threadbare
black. Mr. Justice Abbott arrives in due time; a
special jury is sworn; the pleadings are opened;
the Attorney General states the case ageing
William Hone, f:.r printing and publishing an
impious and profane libel upon the Catechism,
the Lord's Prayer, and the Ten Command-
ments, thereby bringing into contempt the Christian re-
ligion; "It may be said," argued the Attorney-General,
" that the Defendant's object was not to produce this
effect. I believe that he meant it, in one sense, as a
political squib ; but his responsibility is not the less."
As the Attorney-General proceeded to read passages
from the parody upon the Catechism, the crowd in
court laughed ; the bench was indignant; and the At-
torney-General said, the laugh was the fullest proof of
the baneful effect of the defendant's publication. And
so the trial went on in the smoothest way, and the case
for the prosecution was closed. Then the pale man in
black rose, and with a faltering voice set forth the diffi-
culty he had in addressing the Court, and how his
poverty prevented him obtaining counsel. And now he
began to warm in the recital of what he thought his
wrongs ; his commitments ; his hurried calls to plead ;
the expense of copies of the informations against him ;
—and as Mr. Justice Abbott, with perfect gentleness,
but with his cold formality, interrupted him, the timid
man, whom all thought would have mumbled forth a
hasty defence, grew bolder and bolder, and in a short
time had possession of his audience as if he were some
well-graced actor' who sy.ps there to receive the tribute
of popular admiration. They were not to inquire
whether he were a member of the Established Church
or a Dissenter ; it was enough that he professed himself
to be a Christian ; and he would be bold to say, that he
made that profession with a reverence for the doctrines
of Christianity which could not be exceeded by any
person in that court. He had his books about him, and
it was from them that he must draw his defence. They
had been the solace of his life. He was too much at-
tached to his books to part with them. As to parodies,
they were as old at least as the invention of printing ;
and he never heard of a prosecution for a parody, either
religious or any other. There were two kinds of paro-
dies ; one in which a man might convey ludicrous or
ridiculous ideas relative to some other subject ; the other
where it was meant to ridicule the thing parodied. The
latter was not the case here, and therefore he had not
brought religion into contempt' This was the gist of
William Hone's defence. To show fully how this argu-
ment was worked,—with what readiness, what coolness,
what courage,—would be to transcribe the trials of three
days ; on the first of which the defendant spoke six
hours, on the second seven hours, and on the last eight
hours. It was in vain that the Attorney General urged
that to bring forward any previous parody was the same
thing as if a person charged with obscenity should pro-
duce obscene volumes in his defence. It was in vain that
Mr. Justice Abbott repeated his wish that the defendant
would not read such things. On he went, till inter-
ruption was held to be in vain. It was worse than vain;
it was unjust. Truly did Hone reply to Mr. Justice
Abbott, My Lord, your Lordship's observation is in
the very spirit of what Pope Leo the Tenth said to
Martin Luther,—' For God's sake don't say a word
about the indulgences and the monasteries, and I'll
give you a living ;'—thus precluding him from men-
tioning the very thing in dispute. I must go on with
these parodies, or I cannot go on with my defence.'
Undauntedly he went on, from the current literature
of the time, such as grave lawyers read in their few
hours of recreation, to the forgotten volumes of old
theology and polemical controversy, that the said grave
lawyers of modern days are accustomed to regard as
useless lumber. The editor of Blackwood's Magazine
was a parodist,—he parodied a chapter of Ezekiel;
Martin Luther was a parodist—he parodied the first
Psalm; Bishop Latimer was a parodist, and so was Dr.
Boys, Dean of Canterbury; the author of the
was a parodist; and so was Mr. Canning. Passage after
passage did Hone read from author atter author. He
thought it was pretty clear that Martin Luther did not
mean to ridicule the Psalms; that Dr. Boys did not
mean to ridicule the Lord's Prayer; that Mr. Canning
did not mean to ridicule the Scriptures. Why, then,
should it be presumed, that he had such an intention?
As soon as he found that his parodies had been deemed
offensive, he had suppressed them, and that he had done
long before his prosecution. It was in vain that the
Attorney General replied that Martin Luther was a
libeller, and Dr. Boys was a libeller. The judge
charged the jury in vain. William Hone was acquitted,
After a quarter of an hour's deliberation."
" But Guildhall saw another sight.' With the next
morning's fog, the fiery Lord Chief Justice rose from his
be'), and with lowering brow took his place in that
judgment-seat which he deemed had been too mercifully
filled on the previous day. The mild firmness of the
poor publisher, and his gentlemanly sense of the
absence of harshness in the conduct of his first
trial, had won for him something like respect: and
when on one occasion Mr. Justice Abbott asked him to
forbear reading a particular parody, and the defendant
said, Your Lordship and I understand each other, and
we have gone on so good-humouredly hitherto, that I
will not break in upon our harmony,' it became clear
that the puisne judge was not the man to enforce a ver-
dict of guilty on the second trial. Again Mr. Hone
entered the court with his load of books, on Friday, the
19th of December. He was this day indicted for pub-
lishing an impious and profane libel, called The Litany,
or General Supplication.' Again the Attorney- General
affirmed that wnatever might be the object of the de-
tendant, the publication had the effect of scoffing at the
public service of the Church. Again the defendant
essayed to read from his books, which course he con-
tended was essentially necessary for his defence. Then
began a contest which is perhaps unparalleled in an
English court of justice. Upon Mr. Fox's Libel Bill,
upon ex officio informations, upon his right to copies of
the indictment without extravagant charges, the de-
fendant battled his judge,—imperfect in his law, no
doubt, but with a firmness and moderation that rode over
every attempt to put him down. Parody after parody
was again produced, and especially those parodies of the
Litany which the Cavaliers employed so frequently as
vehicles of satire upon the Roundheads and Puritans.
The Lord Chief Justice at length gathered up his
exhausted strength for his charge ; and concluded in a
strain that left but little hope for the defendant : He
would deliver the jury his solemn opinion, as he was
required by Act of Parliament to do ; and under the
authority of that Act, and still more in obedience to his
conscience and his God, he pronounced this to be a most
impious and profane libel. Believing and hoping that
they, the jury, were Christians, he had not any doubt
but that they would be of the same opinion.' The jury,
in an hour and a half, returned a verdict of Not Guilty.
" It might have been expected that these prosecutions
would have here ended. But the chance of a convic-
tion from a third jury, upon a third indictment, was to
be risked. On the 20th of December, Lord Ellen-
borough again took his seat on the bench, and the ex-
hausted defendant came late into court, pale and agi-
tated. The Attorney- General remarked upon his ap-
pearance, and offered to postpone the proceedings. The
courageous man made his election to go on. This third
indictment was for publishing a parody on the Creed of
St. Athanasius, called The Sinecurist's Creed.' After
the Attorney-General had finish, d his address, Mr.
Hone asked for five minutes' delay, to arrange the few
thoughts he had been commiting to paper. The Judge
refused the small concession ; but said he would postpone
the proceedings to another day, if the defendant would
request the Court so to do. The scene which ensued
was thoroughly dramatic. 'No ! I make no such re-
quest. My Lord, lam very glad to see your Lordship
here to-day, because I feel I sustained an injury from
your Lordship yesterday—an injury which I did not
expect to sustain. . . . If his Lordship should
think proper, on this trial to-day, to deliver his opinion,
I hope that opinion will be coolly and dispassionately
expressed by his Lordship. . . My Lord, I think it
necessary to make a stand here. I cannot say what
your Lordship may consider to be necessary interrup-
tion, bat your Lordship interrupted me a great many
times yesterday, and then said you would interrupt me
no more, and yet your Lordship did interrupt me after-
wards ten times as much. . . Gentlemen, it is you
who are trying me to-day. His Lordship is no judge of
me. You are my judges, and you only are my judges.
His Lordship sits there to receive your verdict. . • •
I will not say what his Lordship:did yesterday ; but I
!rust hi. Lordship to-day will give his opinion coolly
and dispassionately, without using either expression or
vesture which could be construed as conveying an en-
.ofl hopeguiltyt.be jury
The
owerful was complete.
ritinaph of the weak ove
tAritiaityn tot:,
btehebjc;,usereychtoedthiitnirktotahuse he did.
h terms the Chief Justice,
grapher o Sidmouth
soup]. of fire,' as the bio-
indomitable courage of a man who
quailed before the
s which would seem only to be-
was rowed into energies "The frame
long to the Mas
o in the ordinary business of
Yet this was a man who tin
and persevering exer-
tion that have swayed the world.
life, was incapable of enterprise
V.oraddaSildauent
corners of his anti-
tion ; who lived in the nooks and
quarianisin ;who was d •
regard as a ent o
e an inncuous
ppottents carne to re g
one that even his old political
his politics altogether, and, de-
voting himself to his old poetry an
in a tea years gave up
d his old divinity,
hunter after " all such reading as was never read ;" who
• ofgietis
passed a quarter of a century after this
editer conflict
6 rah?ace
with all mankind, and died the sub

journal. It 7as towards the close of this remarkable
trial, that the Judge, who came eager to condemn, sued
for pity to his intended victim. The defendant qu,,ted
Warblikton and Tillotson, as doubters of the authenticity
of the'llthanasian Cre.d. Evi n his Lordship's father,
the Bishop of Carlisle, he believed, lock a similar view
of the Creed.' And then the Judge solemnly said
Whatever that opinion was, he has gone. Many year
ago, where he has had to account for his bullet' and h
opinions For common delicacy forbear:-
0, my Lord, I shall certainly forbear.' Grave and tem-
perate was the charge to the jury this day ; and in 20
minutes they bad returned a verdict of Nut Guilty."‘-

THE ORIGINAL HISTORY OF ANC.
ALWERI6A, anterior to the time of Columbus, proving
the Identity cf the Aborigines with the Tyrians and
Israelites, and the Introduction of Christianity into the
Western Hemisphere by the Apostle St 1 haws. By
George .Tones, Esq., M.R.S., F.S.V. Vol. 1., The
7 yrian ./Era.
While there is no portion of a reviewer's duty more
painful than to expose ignorance and presumption,
there is no part of his vocation which confers greater
pleasure than in rendering a just homage to intellec-
tual energy, and high morality. When to these na-
tural qualities are superadded those of classical attain-
ments and general accomplishments, with an unusual
power of argumentative reasoning, sustained through
the medium of a poetical style and language, we feel
that much pleasure has been reserved fur us
in noticing the above original work, from the
pen of Mr. Jones. The very title seems, at the first
glance, a strange anomaly. It has hitherto seemed
that there were no portions of the history of mankind
that had escaped the pen of historians; yet the present
author unfurls his banner boldly, and justly claims a
new ground on which to hurl his classic spear. But
where is the locality of a people not heretofore defined
as to their origin ? The reply is Ancient America.
This seems as strange as the claim to have written
and defined in this age, and, for the first time, an ori-
ginal historical theory. Yet we are compelled to
award the high merit of the success obtained, in the
most triumphant and enthusiastic manner, and in lan-
guage classic and poetical. We are compelled, we
say, to award to Mr. Jones the singular merit of ac-
complishing, by the labour and research of years, end
by sound argument, founded on inductive reasoning,
a perfect triumph as to the truth of his extraordinary
proposition. The volume now before us goes far to
establish the fact, that the Tyrians were the abori-
gines of ancient America; and five prophecies of
Isaiah are quoted, which the author, with great inge-
nuity, argues to be fulfilled by the proofs of the
Tyrian sera. The period of the first peopling of
the Western Continent contended for in this remark-
able volume is no less than 332 years B.C.
Yet remote as is this antiquity, the author, by sound
argument, profound learning, and scientific know-
ledge, compels an assent to the truth of his proposi-
tion, and by his bold attempt, and by the energy of
an original mind, has achieved a haven for his
reputation—he is as truly " the Discoverer of the
Ancient History, as Columbus is of the land of the
Western hemisphere." We had at first our misgiv-
ings that the author could not claim the qualities ne-
cessary for a successful historian. His poetic style
and flights of fancy made us fearful of a lasting result,
but we were agreeably surprised. The commence-
ment of the volume is a complete snare to entrap the
reader to the analysis of the ruined cities ; and that
analysis is founded upon scientific knowledge of the
fine arts. The volume concludes in the same spirit
of romance—the romance of truth, to which fiction is
but a torch-bearer. The interest becomes a continual
excitement. Facts are scattered throughout like
jewels upon a mantle—valuable and brilliant; and the
more so, for that they are taken from the casket of
religion, and the archives of holy truth ; and we closed
the volume with the conclusion, that the author pos-
sesses the essentials of a successful historian.
What a field of contemplation does not this volume
unfold ! Hitherto unknown cities buried in the
Western hemisphere—the mouldering and time -for-
gotten temples and palaces of past centuries, have
been brought to light and forced to disclose their
mysterious origin. Two thousand years had past,
oblivion seemed to have placed her unmottoed seal
upon those splendid relics of the art of man. That
charmed seal is broken by the wand of know-
ledge, and beneath its fragments are read the
historic records in the sculptured language of the
arts, in all their beauty of detail, and in the very
majesty of their grandeur.
The review by Mr. Jones, in the volume before us,
of the assertion, that the original architects of the
now ruined temples had no foreign origin, but sprung
up indigenous to the Western Continent," is a
masterpiece of criticism, and proves that Mr. Jones
had the correct knowledge necessary to criticise the
temples and ruins themselves. Literally, not a atom
of the foundation of the proposition is left unturned,
the sandy base is completely unfolded, and all this i•
done with good nature and respect for the personal
feelings of the author whose theory he is examining.
We now propose to give a few quotations from the
work itself, in order to unfold the theory, style, and
language of the author. The following is from a
portion of the prefatory remarks, expressive of his
intent to write in a warm and fluent style, rather
than with the pen of " the ice-brook temper." The
extract briefly illustrates, also, what an accumulated
amount of knowledge the reader is to receive, de-
rived from a vivid mind, engaged for many years
upon the subject-matter of the entire history.
" Knowieg from experience that works upon anti-
quities, described in language cold as the marbles they
illustrate, are not of deep interest to the general
reader, the author has avoided the usual frigid style,
and has placed around them such fervent and glowing
words as their novel characters have authorised and
demanded. In dolineating also the history of Tyrus,
the chief events only are given ; and being rendered
with the artistical pages con amore, the poetry of his-
tory, and not its dry prosaic qualities, will be received
by the reader. This will be seen in the descrip
tions of the classic remains, battles, and voYages, and
especially, for instance, in resuscitating the ruins of
Rome, and in the celebrated Tyrian siege by Alexander
of Macedon ; but in this style of writing (it is sub-
mitted) the author has not lost sight of that high
solemity demanded by the philosophy of history with-
out which, memorials of past ages, or of our fathers,
would be useless. To give a list of works consulted
during fifteen years in America, and more immediate')
for the last two years in England,
while writing the
Tyrian mra, would be pedantic; but no author, sacred or
profane, from the first lawgiver to the present time,
having even a remote reference to the western hemi-
sphere, has been knowingly omitted ; yet being profes-
sedly an original work, the volume of the brain has been
more largely extracted from .than any writer whost
works are already before that public to whose final
judgment (upon its merits or demerits) the present
author submits the " History of Ancient America" with
all humility, but ho will yield to none in the conscien
tious belief of the truth of the startling propositions,
and the consequent historic conclusions."
The following unfolds the three branches of the
complete History (one volume of which is already
given to the public, viz., the Tyrian mera), and the
original proposition of separating the aborigines into
two distinct races, upon which fact is based the foun-
dations of the historic edifice :
g anguage
h followin l •
upon the chieftain Tecumseh, t e
vue e of extract
used, and we avail ourselves of the pia
the
ing from our store house materials for commence-
ment of this new historical campaign:—The courtedoyis
"In the prefatory remarks to the forthcoming work
reader in tracing the fate of Tecumseh, d
as
elelestetren
the pages of his life, will not fail
t observef
the chief (I)4t
analogy between the religious sentiments o
the forest, and those of the ancient Hebrews. The
language as uttered by Tecumseh is non to up-
hold a theory of the brain, but gathered from thtt
archives of a people's history, to supp(rt at
troyan o
apparent truth. The present writerwill )
not yield
Ame-
rica (but North America only) and the ancient Israelites
are identical, unless controverted by the stern authority
)
man in the firm beliet that the aborigines of North
of superior historical deductions. We therefore have
formed an original theory in reference to the natives of
the North and those of South and Central America,
around Guatemala, and by that theory have sepated
together with the newly-discovered ruined cities in
ran
ao
into two distinct races or people, the aborigines of the
western hemisphere. The lately recovered ruins, cities,
arid temples, in Central America, end of which no
ancient record is to be found, have shattered the chain
of acknowledged history to atoms ; and until that chain
is again united by a firmly established theory, education
herself must pause ere she can, with the wand of truth,
of Hebrew extraction. The assertion
point to her rising children the history of the world or
doubt and trembling ; for writers have
its inhabitants. Suspicion has asserted that all the
natives of the continent of Columbus might probably
hashbea been neb ecbeeneonnfmoouarni3gdeienidnalbl essential contrasts in the religious
customs of North and South America ; there were no
analogies between them, which circumstance should
have compelled historians to pursue another path of in-
quiry, and to obtain a conclusive truth ; but they found
a Gordian knot which they could not unravel, and
assuming the impatient weapon of Alexander, they de-
stroyed it. The architecture,
however, of the ruins of
Copan, Palenque, Uxmal, and their time-honoured as
sociates, has furnished a t rosetta stone' to aid the new
translation of the hieroglyphical history of (now) An-
cient America ; and if our theory is true, not only have
the Islaelites walked the land where the sun bestows
his last smile, but another nation (in which was retained
the primitive language of the diluvian world) previously
trod that soil as aborigines ; and beyond all this, i•
our thread of Ariadne lead us faithfully, if nut the Al-
mighty father, who gave the thought, will pardon its
application : yes, beyond all the bounding feelings leap
ing at events, at once classic and venerated, do we con-
template another branch of our theory ; for if we not
write in error—and our perfect faith assures us that
we do not—then the trembling hand which sought in
doubt the Saviour's wounds has been outstretched in
sacred oratory even in those southern wilds ; the bold
yet conquered voice, which uttered in hallowed and
confirmed faith,- ' My Lord and my God,' has given
forth its missioned eloquence even in the western hemi
sphere, and there the ashes of that Apostle may yet
repose.'
The author then proceeds to discourse in the fol-
lowing eloquent manner upon the two races of
people—as newly divided by him, and sustained
throughout by his arguments. The avast superficial

The foregoing extracts will go far to induce the
reader not to rest satisfied with the opinions we have
pronounced on this delightful and instructive work,
but to cull for himself from the many brilliant and
poetical flights in which it abounds. The vindication
of the fair fame of the Tyrian Princess Elizabeth,
familiar to every school-boy as Dido, the foundress of
Carthage, from the aspersions cast upon her character
by the Mantuan Bard, and the true account of her
suicide or immolation, will not prove the least inter-
esting portion of the volume to the classical scholar ;
but there is no part that will not both please and im-
prove the general reader .

reader will, we think, admit the direct contrast brief, abrupt, and almost in-coherent, there is a posi- 1
between the aborigines of the western continent. : five grandeur in the simplicity of Mr. Hayward's
The reader will bear in mind- that the historical ' ske- ch of the cathedral scene. The organ is playing.
work now under consideration, embraces all periods ; met the chorus is cheuritinz the solemn dirge,
of time previous to that of the landing of Columbus " Dies irm, dies illa
in 1492. Solvit ,Leclurn in feline."
" The fundamental error, with all writers upon the " Evil Spirit—Horror seizes thee ! •
aborigines of America is, that they have viewed them The trump sound-1
as one people Anthers have therefore been confounded The graves tremble I
by the different customs and ceremonies of religion as And thy heart
practised in the two great divisions of the continent; From the repose of its ashes
they have seen that the natives were, to a certain ex- For fiery torment
tent, in one part of the vast domain, idolators, and Brought to life again
not in the other; that the North was essentially repub- Trembles up.'
lican in every aspect of its political existence, while " Margaret--Would that I were hence !
that of Mexican America was as essentially composed I feel as if the organ
of kingdoms and empires, and governed by despotic Stifled my breath,
monarchs, and that Republics were interwoven with As if the anthem
them ; that each man in the North was a warrior, and Dissolved my heart's core 1"
an equal, acknowledging no superior, but their leader " Chorus—Judex ergo cum sidebit,
in time of battle, and, should he fall in action, there was Quidquid latet apparebit,
not a member of the tribe in which they politically lived, Nil inultum remanebit.
but could have taken his place, and filled it with similar "Evil Spirit—Hide thyself I sin and shame
courage and ability. In Mexican America they were Thenaiti, unhidden.
not equal, but, from the Emperor they descenthd by Air? Light?
degrees to the serf and slave ; in that country, stone Woe to thee !
ited stuccoed temples and pa'acts were, and still con- " Chorus—Q.:lid sum miser tune dictums
(irate to be found, erected with costly magnificence, and Quern petronern rogaturus?
in which were jewelled idols to which they bent the Corn via justus sit seeerue.
knee ; their rich dwellings were splendid mansions, "Euil Spirit—The glorified from thee
adorned with sculptured and beaten gold, and graced Avert their faces.
with the works of art, and as a people, enjoying ail the The pure shudder
refined eleganeies of life ; but in the North their temple To reach thee their hands.
was the azure canopy of Jehovah, adorned with its Woe !
myriads of golden stars, and alien beneath that sublime " Chorus—Quid sum miser tune dictums?"
dome they bent the knee, it was to the Almighty God To the termination of this vtonishing tragedy, in-
alone ! Their palaces were the gorgeous vistas of the deed, to the disappearance of Faust and Mephisto-
forest ; the columns were the gigantic trees, each year philes, and the shrill shrieking of the voice of Marga-
increasing in their stateliness ; their shadowy and pointed ret " from within, dying away"—
roofs were the far-spreading branches, and nature's " Henry ! Henry !"
tinted foliage ; their mansions were those of independent Mr. Hayward evidences the same vigorous compre-
wanderers, eren the simple tents of Israel ; and as for hension of the meaning of Goethe, and the same facile
jewelled idols and figures of beaten gold,—they pre-
ower of trans
pposing that meaning into our mother
sented the diamonds of the human eye, radiant with in-
tellectual beams, and glancing from the living emblem of tongue. The notes appended to the volume are rich
the first and priceless image, placed in Eden's garden by in illustrative quotations, and most of them are singu-
the Architect of the Universe I Notwithstanding these larly happy—at one moment indicating a similarity
essential opposites in character and policy, to which between the lines " There is no dagger here," &c.,
may be added that of physiognomy, writers have glanced and a passage in " Tam o' Shanter ;" at another point-
at them as one race, sprung from the same branch of ing out a resemblance between the words " Let what
the human family, and without defining which ; and is past be past," and that lovely verse in " Leonora"—
when they could not reconcile such apparently unac- " Oh I Mutter ! Mutter I Hin ist bin
countable distinctions and diversities, they have thrown Verloren ist verloren !
upon the shoulders of the Mexican the mantle of manly Der Tod, der Tod Ist mein Gewinn,
virtue belonging to the north ; and upon this race they 0 war ich nie geboren I"
have thrust the idolatrous vices and the festering robes Altogether the translation of Mr. Hayward is not
of luxury justly claimed by the former people ; and by unworthy of the thrilling and somewhat blasphemous
this easy manner of disposing of a question; have seem- poetry of Faust, or of ifs great and immortal author.
ingly satisfied themselves that, by blending the crimes .
of both, to the exclusion of the virtues of either, they
were all ' savages' and no matter from whence they
came. Thus have they formed their conclusions con-
cerning fifty millions of human beings, although directly
in opposition to evidences of fact, to deductions by re-
lative reasoning, and to all Christian feeling, which
alone should have rejected so cruel a decision, founded,
as it is, not only on slight but careless investigation."

COURT CIRCULAR.

The Queen and Prince Albert, the Duchess of Kent,
the Ladies and Gentlemen of the Court, and the Do-
mestic Household, attended Divine service yesterday
morning in the private Chapel at Buckingham Palace.
The Bishop of Oxford preached the sermon. The Hon.
and Rev. C. Leslie Courtenay officiated at the service.
Lady Augusta Bruce was in waiting on the Duchess
of Kent.

Her Majesty and her Royal Consort took their usual
early a alk yesterday.
The Royal Family took their accustomed airings
yesterday i❑ the Garden: of Buckingham Palace.
Her Majesty the Queen Dowager and his It)yal High-
ness the Duke of Cambridge, attended Divine service
yesterday morning in the Chapel Royal, St. James's.
The prayers were read by the Rev. Mr. Helmore, the
lessons by the Rev. Mr. Repton, and the Communion
Service by the Bishop of London and the Sub- Dean.
the sermon was preached by the Bishop of London.
The Queen Dowager was attended by theklarchioness
of Ormonde, Lady in Waiting ; the Hon. Miss Mitchell,
Maid of Honour in Waiting, and the Vice Chamberlain.
Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cambridge
and the Princess Mary, attended Divine service yester-
day morning in St. Michael's Church, Chester square.
Baroness Hammerstein and Mr. Edmond Mildmay were
in waiting on the Royal Duchess. The Duchess of Cam-
bridge alio attended the evening service.

GOETHE'S FAUST, Transla'ed into English Prose.
By A. Hayward —Translated into English Verse. By
Captain Charles H. Knox.
Upon the wild and extraordinary tragedy of
" Faust," the principal portion of Goethe's celebrity
rests, and his celebrity is immense and permanent.
Among his many illustrious countrymen Goethe has
no rival in general literature—embracing in that one
comprehensive word " literature " all the varieties of
poetry, history, biography, scientific dissertation,
ethical composition, geographical and etymological
writing, prose fiction, essay, and the other multiform
phases of authorship. In each of these phases, of
course, there may be found in Germany men who
have rendered themselves pre-eminently great. With
Kant as a metaphysician, with Swedenborgia as an
ethical romancist, with Humboldt as a geographer,
with Richter as a novellist, with Muller, with Liebig,
and with many other equally renowned writers,
Goethe no doubt could not be mentioned as a rival in
their several departments. But as a versatile genius,
as a genius comprehending all the forms and diver-
sities of human knowledge, Goethe stands out alone
and supreme. In his way he is a sort of literary
Crichton. His intellect has about it an essentially
Protean character ; and it is by reason of this mar-
vellous capacity for excelling in so many branches of
literature that his fame is so universal and his name
Ao conspicuous. Considering him only as a poet,
Goethe towers above the bards of his father-
land. As a poet, indeed, he has only two
competitors in the language the immortal
Schiller, and the gifted Klopstock. The
netrical works of Goethe abound with excellences
jeculiar to himself, excellences such as are not to
be discovered among any of his contemporaries, or
tmong any of his predecessors. Of all these works—
sod they are wonderfully numerous—Faust is ac-
knowledged to be his masterpiece—his Hamlet—his
Paradise Lost—his Cenci—his Austerlitz—his Eve
At the Fountain. Faust is more universally known,
perhaps, than any other poem that has ever been
penned in the German language. And it has be-
come familiarised to the multitude not merely by the
perusal of the original but by innumerable transla-
tions, and by the exquisite and matchless outlines of
the poet-artist Retzsch. With
_the forms of Doctor
Faust, of the beautiful Margaret, of Valentine the
Soldier, and of Mephistophiles with his scarlet dress,
his long-pointed sword, and the very cock's feather in
his hat, we are all of us as familiar as with those
if Prospero, of Adam, of Achilles, or of Manfred.
With the different scenes and incidents again in this
strange and enthralling drama we are equally well
acquainted. We have all of us marvelled before now
why Wagner could discern nothing supernatural in
-he black poodle that slunk through the corn-field at
the heels of himself and his master the Doctor. Then,
moreover, there is the memory of the sublime intro-
duction to the tragedy, where the archangels are sing-
ing the praises of the God Almighty. There is the
opening scene in Faust's study, when he invokes the
Spirit of Nature, when he recoils from the awful
,ieauty of its appearance, when he is deterred
,"roin draining the goblet of poison by the
chorus of angels on Easter morning, when his
heart melts within him at the sound of their
voices in the sky, and he spurns the goblet from him
and weeps passionately. There is the joyous ca-
rousal in the fields, the song of the rustics dancing
under the lime tree, the transformation of the poodle
into Mephistophiles, and the quaint dialogue in
which the latter writes in a student's album—
" Eritis sicut Deus, scientes bonum et malum." Then
again Auerbach's cellar, where the deMon draws
Claret, and Champagne, and Rhenish, and Toque,
From little gimlet-holes in the table. Who can ever
lose a recollection of the orgies that follow in the
Witch's kitchen, where the male and female monkeys
set the chimney a-light by neglecting the cauldron ;
or who can forget the first glimpse of Margaret in
the street? Impressing the mind so vividly as
every portion of this splendid drama does, it is
impossible to have it thrust upon our attention too
frequently, and it is equally impossible for us to feel
amazed at the number of translations that have
succeeded each other. Among all these translations,
we must at once confess that we award the preference
to the magnificent fragments written by the poet
Shelley. They surpass everything of the kind
within our recollection ; and we cannot in-
duce ourselves to believe that even Coleridge
was more competent than Shelley to become
the interpreter of Goethe. Still they are essentially
but fragments. We must look elsewhere for the
whole tragedy, and looking elsewhere, we are at-
tracted first of all to the very best of the entire
translations, namely, the prose version of Mr.
Hayward. The fourth edition of this work is
lying before us, just published. We rejoice to see
the copies of a book of so much excellence multiplied
in number, and to see it produced, moreover, in so
cheap and portable a form, because a boon is thereby
afforded to the million. It would be an affectation to
enter upon any criticism of a translation which has
already been criticised a thousand times—which has
been picked line from line, and word from word, and
scrutinised piecemeal. Mr. Hay ward has his laurel
already. He has found very little bitterness in that
laurel, and he has deserved to find very little, for his
version of " Faust" is almost as accurate as the re-
flection of any given object in a mirror. Captain
Knox has not conceived himself to be justified in
eschewing either rhythm or rhyme, and, consequently,
lie has adventured upon about the ninety-ninth me-
.trical translation of "Faust." We can award him
praise for what he has accomplished, but the praise
is somewhat small, and it is this: that he has adhered
more closely to the meaning of the original than any
of his poetical predecessors excepting Shelley, but that
his verse is as tame as it is smooth and polished.
Without wishing in any way to be invidious, we ask
any one to decide as to the merits of two fragments
picked out at random. Well, here are two ; the
tprosesingleh e
sp t
versenr
na
ns inning-R'
a t
w F
outio
hnoe
feor landthe
middlethe
ot
fi c aml
atrrgaanrselajisos no n
go f
sat
" him alone
My glances roam,
For him alone •
I stray from home."
That is Captain Knox's version, now here is the
version of Mr. Hayward :
" For him alone look I
Out at the window I
For him alone go I
Out of the house 1"
VP there be any =whoa ? Although it is

ROYAL HIBERNIAN BALL IN AID
OF THE FUNDS FOR THE DESTITUTE
IRISH.
We are rejoiced to find that a ball in aid of the funds
for the destitute Irish is to take place at Willis's Rooms,
on Wednesday, the 7th of April. The ball is under the
patronage of their Royal Highnesses the Duke and
Duchess of Cambridge and the elite of the aristocracy.
The Rooms will, no doubt, be crowded, and the funds
proportionably benefited. On such an occasion every
Irish gentleman and lady in London must feel it their
bounden duty to be present, for it appeals irresistibly to
the warmest and best feelings of the heart—nationality
and charity; and what Irishman will not respond to
such an appeal?

PARLIAMENTARY BUSINESS.
From the Votes and Proceeding. of the House of Commons.

TUESDAY, la RCII
_23.

NOTICES GIVEN AT THE PEtIVATE BILL-OFFICE.

RAILWAYS.

The following is the List from which Members will be
selected to serve on the Select Committees on Railway
Groups appointed severally to commence their sittings in the
week commencing Monday, 12th April next, and in the
wet k commencing Monday, 19th April next.
The Select Committees on the Groups Nos. 5,6, 16, 18. 21,
47, will meet in the week commencing Monday, 12th April,
and the Members for those Committees will be selected from
Panel No. 1. Thursday, 15th April, will be the earliest day
in the week for which the first meeting of any of the above-
mentioned Committees will be fixed.
The Select Committees on the Groups Nos. 11, 28, 34, 50,
51, will meet in the week commencing Monday, 19th April,
and the Members for those Committees will be selected from
Panel No. 2.

PANEL No. I.

Viscount Acheson
Viscount Adare
Earl of Arundel
Viscount Castlereagh
Mr. Deedes
Mr. F. Dundas
Viscount Eastnor
Colonel Ferguson
Sir Edmund Filmer

Mr. Gill
Sir Stephen Glynne
Hon. R. Gore
Sir James Graham

Mr. Gregory
Lord Claud Hamilton
Mr. G. W. Heneage
Lord Alfred Hervey
Mr Hutt
Viscount Jocelyn
Captain Jones
Mr. Kemble

Mr. Langston
Mr. J. C. Legh
Earl of Lincoln
Gen. Hon. H. B. Lygon
Mr. M'Carthy
Mr. John Neeld
Viscount Newry
Mr. M. J. O'Connell
Mr. Macke

Colonel Peel
Mr. Plumptre
Mr. Pulsford
Mr. Rica

Mr. C. G. Round
Hon. G. S. Smythe
Hon. H. M. Sutton
Mr. Traill
Mr. Trelawny
Lord Harry Vane
Mr. Baring Wall
Hon. Eliot Yorke