The Sun.
London, England, 1847-10-08 00:00:00

lish capitalists can be convinced that they are safer
in Ireland, and that education and example have
taught the people better to understand their own true
interests, you may rely on it that capital and enter-
prise will never be wanting here." These are, in-
deed, important truths, that never can be sufficiently
inculcated upon the people. It is to their own tur-
bulence and lawlessness, to the outrages and disturb-
ances by which the peace and tranquillity of the
country is violated, that many of the present evils,
and a great deal of the recent sufferings, may be
attributed. They have their origin in other sources
besides the failure of the potato crop. Some of
these causes have been removed. The most help-
less and unprotected Irishman has now a legal
right to a maintenance out of the soil on which he was
born. His claim has a priority over the demand of
mortgagee or landlord. If feeble or debilitated, and
unable to earn his daily bread by his own exertions,
he must still be provided for. If able-bodied and
willing to work for his own livelihood, he must either
have fitting employment provided, or must
be supported in idleness. Under any cir-
cumstances, he cannot be disregarded or suffered to
perish so long as there is any food in the country. Hence
the possession of land will no longer be an object of
such paramount importance, a matter of life and
death, that it should be obtained at any price, by as-
suming and undertaking to pay rents that would absorb
the entire produce without leaving any surplus, even the
most scanty provision for the support of the occupier
and his family, and that possession maintained by
acts of violence and intimidation when the inevitable
failure of payment should induce the landlord to attempt
to get rid of his unprofitable tenant. This, the first
great cause, has been set aside to a certain extent; other
Acts will, however, be necessary to encourage im-
provements of the soil, and to protect the tenant in
the enjoyment of those improvements which have
been effected by his own labour and industry. We
verily believe that the extension of the Ulster tenant-
right—not that which is claimed by mad enthusiasts,
but such as is acted on by really good landlords in
the north of Ireland—would go far to effect this
desirable object, and to banish the last remaining
grievance. We shall look anxiously for the measures
that will be brought forward by the Government for
the purpose of improving the relationship between
landlord and tenant. On these, in a great degree,
will depend the tranquillity and, as a natural conse-
quence, the prosperity of the country. We believe
that the subject is at present anxiously considered,
and we doubt not that at the very commencement of
next session we shall have a well-matured project
laid before the Legislature for their sanction and
approval.

The Russian Government has decided that, for the
uture, passports shall be delivered to native and
foreign merchants, artists, and artizans travelling in
Russia on business, which shall be good for their
respective destinations, without being subject to the
visa of the authorities of the different towns on the
road ; but this favour is on no pretext to be accorded
to persons who travel only for their pleasure.

Letters from Naples of the 29th ult. state that in
consequence of the reports of Signor VIGNALE, the
Attorney-General of the Court of Messina, and
Signor PARISI, the Intendant General of the same
city, the KING had dissolved the Courts-martial in-
stituted by General LUNDI. Signor ROBERTI,
Attorney-General of the Grand Court of Palermo,
has officially represented to the Government that there
were not sufficient grounds for continuing the prose-
cution against the brothers GALLO, who were arrested
as accomplices with the companies of the artillery sus-
pected of having been engaged in the conspiracy of
Palermo, and on that account imprisoned in the castle
of St. Elmo.

A letter from Genoa announces the arrival in
that port on the 29th ult. of a French steam-
frigate, from the squadron in the Bay of Naples.
Preparations were making for the celebration of
the KING'S file, but it was reported that an order had
been received from the chief of the police at Turin,
prohibiting the utterance of all vivats, even in favour
of his MAJBSTT or the POFE. A commercial Con-
gress was about to assemble at Turin, for the purpose
of organizing an Italian Customs League, which
Naples had refused to join.
Letters from Turin, of the 2d, state that a number
of young men having assembled outside the city to
sing the Hymn of Pius IX., the vicario of the police
had waited on the KING to apprise him of their in-
tention and take his orders. His MAJESTY told that
officer to suffer the meeting to go on. "If they cry
Viva CHARLES ALBERT," said he, "it is a compliment
to me; if they cheer Pius IX., it is an homage to the
Father of the Faithful ; and if they shout fur Italian
independence, it is a very natural manifestation. But
you must not allow them to enter the city tumul-
tuously." Count BREssoN was believed to have pre-
sented a note to the KING, in which M. GulzoT
declared that France would oppose all foreign inter-
vention in the affairs of Italy, as well as the inter-
vention of Italian Princes in those of their neigh.
bours. The KING had ordered all the officers on
leave of absence to return to their respective corps.
The Chevalier MARTINI, the Tuscan Minister, fre-
quently transacted business with the KING and Mon-
signor Coanom-Bussx, with a view to effect a political
and commercial alliance between Piedmont, Tuscany,
and the Roman States.

Madrid journals of the Ist have been received.
Their contents are now of little interest, as they have
been anticipated by the telegraphic dispatch of the
4th, received in Paris on Wednesday, which an-
nounces the success of the intrigues of the Afran-
cesado faction to force themselves on the QUEEN.
The Heraldu, the organ of that faction, strongly at-
tacks the plan for the new civil organization of the
kingdom, and advantage has probably been taken of
that decree to excite the turbulent soldiery to revolt
against this first attempt to curb the power of the
military chiefs.

The Gaceta of the Ist publishes it decree autho-
rising time bargains on the Stock Exchange.
The Carlist chief, CALVENTE, who was reported to
have been killed in the mountains of Toledo, has
escaped to Gibraltar, and sailed for England in the
Indus.

General CONCHA has published a bando allowing
the Carlists a delay of fifteen days to lay down their
arms. Every individual belonging to a rebel band
taken prisoner, after that period, is to be sentenced
to serve ten years in the colonies as a simple soldier,
provided he be not guilty of incendiarism, of robbing
the mails, murder, or other crimes punished with
death or the galleys.
Fresh troops are daily arriving at Barcelona. In
the meantime the Carlists are not idle. The chiefs,
MAnsAL BOQUIRA and CASTEL, held a council of war
the other day at Ripoll, to concert future operations.
Not a single transaction, either for cash or time,
was concluded on the Bourse of Madrid on the Ist.
After the usual hour of business, however, the Three
per Cents. were done at 261- for cash, and the Five
per Cents. at 167,-, without the coupon.

We have received the Paris papers of Wednesday.
The Moniteur Parisien of that evening contains the
following announcement :
" The French Government has received by a tele-
graphic dispatch, dated Madrid, October 4, the news
that her Majesty Queen ISABELLA has appointed a
-new Ministry, of which the following is the compo-
sition :

" President of the Council and Minister for Foreign
Affairs, General NARVAEZ.
" Minister of the Interior, M. SARTORIUB.
" Minister of Finance, M. ORLANDO.
" Minister of Public Instruction, M. Ros DE
OLANO.

" Minister of War, M. CORDOVA.
" The ordinance which constitutes the new Minis-
try was published in the Gazette of the 4th.
" Madrid is perfectly tranquil."
By what means the QUEEN has been coerced into
submission to the Viceroy of Louis PHILIPPE we
have yet to learn, but that the reign of terror is about
to recommence in Spain is evident.
An article in the Journal des Debate, on the subject
of the Reform banquets, at once betrays the uneasi-
ness of the Ministry on the subject, their desire to
avail themselves of any opportunity that may be
offered to them toprosecute those who take part in these
banquets, and their willingness to yield to the pressure
so soon as it shall become so violent as to be likely to
squeeze them out of their places. The .Dtbats says—