The Sun.
London, England, 1847-02-09 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 9, 1847.

and the interests of her people, is a melancholy truth ;
and that this should be her actual position, sixteen
years having elapsed since a revolution was effected
to protect her liberties from the encroachments of
regal sway and to remove the fetters which restrained
the free expression of popular sympathies, seems
quite an anomaly. Yet, such is the fact. How-
ever glorious and sudden may have been
the efforts which France has made from
time to time to secure a state machinery which
should faithfully represent the interests, desires, and
honour of the great body of her people, and however
satisfactorily they have seemed for the moment to,
have accomplished their national hopes, the vices of
her rulers have invariably sufficed, gradually, to
undermine and stealthily to deprive her of the
blessings of ;constitutional liberty. Year after year,
since 1830, have the Chambers of her Parliament
by degrees more faintly reflected the morality
and intelligence of the French nation. If con-
viction of this were previously wanting, the
recent proceedings in their Legislature in connexion
with the Montpensier marriage must by this time
have completly rooted it in the minds of our con-
tinental neighbours. Such a conviction is enough to
disgust them with monarchical institutions. No
wonder that they should become restless and discon-
tented beneath a form of government which, despite
of their past efforts, presents, generation after genera-
tion, the recusant phase of stifling the legitimate ex-
pression of the national will. They must look with
wonder and envy upon the different results which attend
the operations of our Constitution. In England,
whenever the 'people at large have resolved upon the
expediency and reasonableness of any change in her
affairs, external or internal, her system of representa-
tion is found to be in that healthy condition that the
alteration desired is certain of being effectuated ;
and were our representative system ascertained to be
imperfect for the object coveted, we should set
about widening its foundations, as we did
in 1830. In France, the bearings of the
political machinery are quite the reverse. There
the will of the KING is omnipotent, that of the
people a cypher. Hence it would be a great error to
confound the character of that enlightened country
with the acts of the Government. There is no cor-
respondence between the one and the other. Louis
PHILIPPE is, in fact, the perpetual Prime Minister of
the State, and filling this anomalous position in con-
nexion with the possession of sovereignty, it follows,
from the infirmity of human nature, that extensive
personal interests take precedence in his
mind over those of national consideration. The
fact that Louis PHILIPPE sent for M.
TRIERS with the view of inducing him, as the chief
of the Opposition in the Chambers, to abstain from
discharging his duty as a representative, by forbear-
ing to raise a discussion upon the Spanish marriages,
is strong evidence of the direct influence he does not
hesitate to exercise in matters where legislators ought
to be left free and unbiassed to deliberate upon points
of intrinsic importance to their country's welfare.
In our time such an unconstitutional act as this
would never be dreamt of or attempted by our Sove-
reign. Such an endeavour would never have been made
by the holder of the French sceptre, had M. GulzoT's
conduct, to which he was instigated by his wily
master, been honourable and worthy of the dignity
of France, instead of having been tortuous and flagrantly
unjust. But as this was not the policy of his Minis-
terial dupe, Louis PHILIPPE, when no credit could
be gained, was only anxious, in the interview which
he insidiously commanded from M. Timms, to screen
M. Grimy' from merited disgrace, and himself from
national censure. Fortunately, the regal manoeuvre
failed, and the fulness of the treachery of the French
Court has been rendered glaringly manifest by the ample
debate which has since ensued in the Chamber of
Deputies. M. GUIZOT may, and no doubt will, re-
main in power with the aid of a packed majority,
whilst France herself must continue to suffer humi-
liation. Neither do we see how the French nation
can in future be spared the repetition of similar and
indelible acts of degradation on the part of her
public servants, except by effecting a radical
change in the Constitution. The number of
placemen in both Chambers, particularly among
the Deputies, is notorious, and an outrage
upon national liberty. This horde of bribed
dummies of the State must be expelled, or reduced
within decent limits, numerically commensurate with
the chief offices of the Executive. Moreover, when-
ever our neighbours shall succeed in carrying this
essential reformation, they must vigilantly guard
against and control any subsequent attempt to in-
crease the patronage of the Crown, more especially
within the precincts of the Legislature. Till this
be accomplished, and rigidly adhered to, France must
remain a stranger to the benefits and blessings of
constitutional independence.

We are well aware that many intelligent and well-
disposed gentlemen have looked upon a large and ex-
tensive system of emigration as a panacea for the ills
of Ireland, as the sole means of alleviating per-
manently the distress in that country, while others,
actuated by less amiable motives, see in its adoption a
way by which they may escape the odium they would
otherwise incur should they attempt to carry into
execution their darling project of clearing their
estates, and turning their unfortunate cottier tenants
from the spots where they were born and brought up,
and banishing them from their native land. The
advocates of the system wilfully shut their eyes to its
ieany objectionable points, and to the enormous ex-
penditure that must take place if the measure be
adopted to the extent demanded, and which would be
absolutely necessary in order to create the result they
desire—a sensible diminution in the amount of labour
in the home market. It is not the inefficient or use-
less drones that are invited to seek their fortunes on a
distant shore. It is not those who press as a dead
weight on the property of the country, and are
burdens on its resources, that are to be expatriated,
but the strong, the active, the intelligent, the indus-
trious labourers—persons who, if any opportunity
was afforded to them, can readily earn daily bread for
themselves and families by their own exertions and the
sweat of their own brows. It would be the greatest
inhumanity to export any other class, to banish those
who should perish by a miserable and lingering death,
if abandoned to their fate unregarded. It is a wilful
casting away of the real strength of the country, of
the producers of national wealth, of the consumers
of exciseable products, and the contributors to the
public revenue, to deprive us of those who could alone
with justice be assisted to emigrate. Those persons
may now be unable to obtain a prcfitable employ-
ment/or their labour. The money of the State should
be employed in opening favourable channels for their
industry, and not in driving them from our shores.
At best, emigration can afford but a temporary benefit;
the reduction thereby occasioned will speedily be
filled up by the annual increase ; a continued drain
equivalent to that increase must be kept up, and even
that, expensive as it would be, will only keep
things in statu quo, and not improve our condition in
any respect. The real remedy must be in the in-
creased productiveness of the country.
The only thing that could possibly justify the
wholesale deportation desired would be the fact,
that the land of the country was inadequate
to produce a sufficiency for the support of
its inhabitants, and most assuredly this is not the
case at present. Let us just look to the actual cir-
cumstances, to the enormous quantities of live stock,
of oxen, sheep, calves, pigs, of wheat, oats, barley—in
fact, of every description of agricultural produce
usually exported from the Irish to the British
shores. Are these evidences of a country un-
belte
us
so
examine
a providemine forits
capabilities.the
of its
E Fourteen
inhabitants !
Llions of acres nominally in tillage, but the pro-
duce of which, it is calculated by competent persons,
thatm i ght be
surplus
lquadrupledabour
that
by t he
exists
tu proper
the a
cupupultircya ofiui
uorf
cinuilitliivoanteadn,reusnotofuclahnedd bays 3;
he te us
pnar
de
ec 1 ai u
rmadthe apnldouugnh-,
land, to pay 10 per cent. on the
but which might be converted into pas-
turearablenaecnedssarsd
in
outlay. Surely, with such opportunities
for
thet
h the
profitable employment of the entire population,
of labour
saying, " It may be doubted whether the country
does contain a sufficient quantity
to develop its resources." Sir R. KA
was rather below the mark when he stated
" that Ireland might be made to produce sufficient for,
the support of seventeen millions of inhabitants.'

And the calculations of the celebrated OLITER, in his
work on population, founded on statistical tables
drawn from official returns, are little, if at all, ex-
aggerated "That the resources of the British
isles was sufficient to provide labour and subsist-
ence for six times the amount of the present popula-
tion."

Away, then, with the idea that a wholesale trans-
portation must take place. If there must be a
system of colonization, let it be a home colonization,
and let the parties be engaged on the reclamation and
improvement of the millions of acres now lying waste
and unproductive, in extracting the hidden wealth
from the soil, and converting the barren heaths and
the trackless bogs into rich and fertile holdings. The
same or a lesser expenditure than that which would be
required for emigration would accomplish this magical
transformation. ,

Madrid papers of the Ist inst. have arrived.
It is stated that the QUEEN has refused to accept the
resignation of General PEZUELA, the Captain-General
of Madrid. The Minister of Marine has not yet been
appointed. The documents relating to the Montpensier
marriage are to be laid before the Cortes in a few days.
The QUEEN has ordered a considerable MIDI of money
to be placed at the disposal of the authorities of the
Maeztrazgo to relieve the sufferings of the population.
Senor PAVIA is hourly expected in Madrid.

MADRID BOLSA, FEB. 1.--The Three per Cents.
were done at 32} for cash ; the Four per Cents. at 24 ;
the Five par Cents. at 20 13.16 ; the Passives at 61 ; and
the Coupons at 19.

We have received the Paris papers of Sunday.
All the officers and soldiers on leave of absence at
Marseilles have been ordered, by a telegraphic dispatch
from Paris, to return to their respective corps. A de-
tachment of artillery, consisting of 136 horses and 13
men, under the command of three officers, have been
ordered to proceed to Marseilles, to load wheat, and to
convey it to the interior.
An agent of the Mexican Government has established
himself at Marseilles, with authority to naturalise per-
sons as Mexican subjects, and to is,ue letters of marque
against the United States.

In Normandy the price of flour was less during the
last week than it had been during the week preceding;
but in Paris, on Saturday, the price continued the same.
Great activity prevails in all the dockyards in France.
There are to be launched at Brest during the year 1847
the Tagus, of 100 guns; the Perseverante, 60; the Ne-
mesis, 50; the Faune, first-rate brig; and the steamer
Cafarelli. At Cherbourg the Sane steam-frigate, of
540-horse power, is to be launched on the 15th instant.

A section of the Boulogne and Amiens Raihoed, from
Amiens to Abbeville, will be opened on the Ist March.
The Commerce says—
" We find in a letter from Vienna an expression Prince de
Metternich made use of in a conversation with a young diplo-
matist, who appeared greatly alarmed at the consequences of
the confiscation of Cracow. We are threatened with war,'
said the latter. 'By whom?' asked the Prince. By
France,' replied the diplomatist; ' the act of the three
Powers seems to have greatly irritated her. Has Austria
sufficiently calculated the consequences of her conduct?'
' Sit,' answered M. de Metternich, with one of those smiles
which are peculiar to him, ' you calumniate the French Go-
vernment; at its head is placed a courteous Minister, who
insults nobody, and is never offended by the insults of
others.' "

The Three per Cents. were done in the Passage de I'Opera
at 78f. sc.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE

LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, FTBljUJilr 8.
Dutch Rhenish, 45i—East Indian, % —Great Southern of Madras,
—Great Western Canada, 2Nk —Louvain a la Sambre, Uu —Lux-
embourg, 2%—Madras, Nellore, and Arcot, —Namur and Liege,
234 —Northern of France, 12%—Orleans and Bordeaux, 7%—
Sambre and Meuse, 6%.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
CITY, QUARTER TO TIJI:EE.
In the Liverpool market yesterday the sales of Cotton were
7,000 bales at about previous rates. There was abundance
of new Cotton on show. Railway shares were without any
material alteration and dull.
The march of events in Mexico is not very rapid, accord-
ing to the intelligence by the Dee steamer, but each day
brings additional proof of the hard struggle which
Santa Anna will have in order even to delay the
progress of the invading enemy. In the meantime
we may safely calculate on a very large expendi-
ture ere the United States can accomplish its ends,
and if this is to be made good by the vanquished state, there
will, indeed, be a sorry prospect for the foreign creditors.
We should infer, however, that, as usual, brother Jonathan
will be chiefly anxious to extend his territory, and conse-
quently that California, or some other equally large addi-
tion to the overgrown states, will be the " compensation"
accepted from the ill-used republic of Mexico, an easy prey,
as it has been, to internal factions, and for that reason also
to its foreign assailants.
In the West India colonies, whence the accounts received
reach to the middle of January, the weather had been very
favourable for the crops, and a continuance of seasonable
weather was expected to favour an abundant return to the
planter. In Grenada and St. Lucia the weather had
been very wet, and at St. Christopher's there had
been fever prevalent ; but Jamaica, Trinidad, and
the other islands were improving in their gene-
ral position. There is a striking instance of negro
longevity adduced, a man named John Crawford Ricketts,
having died in Spanish Town at the extraordinary age of
142 years, and having been in good health up to within
about a fortnight of his decease.
The Funds are weak again this morning, and there is very
little disposition to support the market. Consols have re-
ceded to 903/4 % for present transfer, and to 903/4 % for time.
The announcement of the Government financial state-
ment being intended tol be brought forward on Monday
week has not disposed parties to speculate, as may be sup-
posed, in the prevalent uncertainty as to whether there will
be a loan or an issue of bills. The New Three-and-a• Quarter
per Cents. are 92% 3/4, and the Three per Cents. 90% 3i.
Bank Stock is quiet at 204, and India Stock at 250 to 251.
The premium on the unfunded debt is 6s. to 95., being again
rather firm.
The Foreign Stock Market is as duil as ever. Mexican
Bends have been at 221, Grenada Deferred at 3%, Buenos
Ayres at 40, and Venezuela at 38%. Spanish Three per
Cents, have been 343/4. Portuguese Four per Cents. have
been nominally about 36 to 37.
Shares are very dull, and rather heavy again in price,
though without any decided fall.
BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
(From the Official List.)
Bank Stock .. • • • • • • • • • • 204
Throe per Cent. Reduced Annuities • • 90%%
Three per Cent. Consols Annuities • • • • 90% 34 %34
Xew Three-and-a-Quarter per Cent. Anna. 9234 %%%
Long Annuities, Expire Jan. 5, 1560 ..
Ditto, 30 years, Oct. 10, 1859 • • 9%
Ditto, 30 years, Jan. 5, 1860 .. 9 8-16
India Stock .• .• .• • . .. • • 251 250
South Sea Stock ..
Ditto, New Annuities .. • • .. 904
Censols tor Account .. .• 90%%
Exchequer Bills. I%d. 134 d.
1,000/. ... 9 6 pm.
5001. .. •• • • 69 pm.
Ditto, Small 5 9 pm.
PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT. ONE O'CLOCK.
Austrian Bonds, 5 per Cent. • • • . 109
Buenos Ayres Bonds, 6 per Cent.• • 40
Granada, 1 per Cent. .. —
Ditto. Deferred •••• • • • • 334Mexican' 1846, 5 per Cent ..
Ditto, for the Account • • • • 224
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent.
Ditto, Passive Bonds • • • • 53.4
Ditto, Three per Cent .. •• 34%
Ditto, for the Account • • • • 34%
Venezuela Bonds, 2 per Cent • • 3634
Dividends on the above payable in London.
BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK.
RAILWAYS. PAID. Nib SRAM
Amber., Notting., Boston, & Eastrn Jn. 2% 2% •• .. to
Birmingham aild Oxford Junction • • 5 •• • • 14 .. . to
Direct Northern Scrip • • • • .. • • 234 •• • • 2% •• • . to
Eastern Counties .. • • • . • • • • 20 •• • • 21% %.. to
Do., Perpetual,s per Ct. No. 1, Si. 13s. 4d to
Ditto, ditto .. .. N 0.2, 6/. 13s. p•• to
Ditto, York Extension , • • • • • 4 •• • • 434 %•• to
East Lancashire • • • • • • • • • • 14 ••• • •• • • to
Ditto, New .. .. • • • • • • • • 5 .• • • •• • • to—
Ditto, ditto, New Scrip .. • • 134 .. • • 2% •• .. to
Ely and Huntingdon • • • • • 1236 1434 to
Great Northern (London & York Regd) 23{ .• 234 •• .. to
Ditto (Direct Northern Regd.) • • 3% •• • • 3% %•• to
Great Southern and Western (Ireland) 2734 26 .. • • to
Great North of England .. • • • • 100 .. • 236 .. ••to
Ditto, New • • • • • • • • .. .. 5 .•
Ditto, ,N ew • • • • • • . • • • • • 134 •. • • 1734 •• .. to
Great Western • • • • • • • • .. 55 •• • • .. • • to
Ditto Quarter Shares • • • • • • 123' •• • • 1934 • • to
Ipswich and Bury St. Edmunds .. 14
Leeds and Bradford .. • • .. • . 35
Leeds and Thirsk . • • • • . 22% •• • •• • • to
Do., do., Preference, 6 per Cent .. 3% .• • • 4%.... to
Liverpool, Crosby, and Southport .• 2 •• • • 4% •••• to
London and Illackwall .. 161. 13s. 4d. •• • • •• • • to
Ditto, New, No. 2 .. 1 p.... to
I.ondon, Brighton, and South Coast 50 ... • 554 to 5534
London and North-Western .. 100 .. 190 .... to 191
Ditto, Quarters .. • • .. • • .. 2 • • • to
Ditto ditto New .. . 2 .. • • 14% .... to 14
Ditto, Fifths .. 2
Ditto, 401. Shares .. M. and B. .. 40 .... 7234 •• • • to
Ditto, 101. Shares .. M. and B. (A) 5 .. 11% .... to
Ditto, 101. Shares .. 31. and B. (11) 5 ... • 11% .. • • to
London and South-Western 411. 6;,. 10d. .• • • 64 .. • • to
Ditto, Scrip • . .. • • .. .. 5 ... • 54 .. ••to
Lynn and Ely .. .. 20 .• • • 21% ••• • to 22%
Lynn and Dereliam .. • • •. 15 . 16%.. ••to 17
Manchester and Leeds .. . .. 82 •• .. to

Ditto. Quarter Shares •• .• •. 12 .... 16% •• to
Ditto, Extension • • • .. . 425..... 1 pto
Midland • • • • •• •• • • —lOO •• —123% • • to 122%
Ditto, New .. .. • • • • • • 30 .... 3514 to
Ditto, New • • .. .• • • 2 .. • • 5%14 .. to
Newcastle and Berwick • • • . •• 20 .. •• 32 %% to
Newport and Abergavenny .. .. ...• %.... to --
Northern Counties Union .• • - • • 2% 1%• • • • to
North liritish • • • • • • • • • • 25 .. •• •• .. to
Ditto, Half Shares • • .. •• 1234 .. • • 1634 .... to
Ditto, Extension • • •• •• • • %•• •• 1% • ..• to
Ditto, Thirds • • • •• • • • • I •• •• 3 yy, %•• to
North Staffordshire •• • • •• •• •• 8% ••• • to 8
Preston andWyre • • • • .• • . • • 25 .... 35 . • • to 34%
Ditto. Half nharee • . '• • • • 6% .... 10% to
Scottish Midland .. .• • • • • 17% .. • • ut •• to
Sleilicld, Rotherham, and Goole • • 2%.. . 2% •••• to
Shrewsbury and Birmingham (A) .. 3 •• • • 4 •• • • to
Ditto, ditto (B) •• 134.... 154 %.. to
Shropshire Union • .• •• •• 425..... % dis. to
South Yorkshire, Doncaster, & Goole 2 2 .• •. to
West Riding Union .. .. • • • • 423. ••••1%V2 pto
York and Newcastle • . • . • • 25 to
Ditto, New .. .• • • • • • • 5 .. • • 1114.... to
Ditto, Preference • • • • • • 4 ...• 836 .. ••to
York and North Midland .. .. 50 .... 91 •• • to 90
Ditto, Selby .. .. • • .. 50 .. • • 89% to
Ditto. Extension •• •• .. 20 • 3714 •. to 37
Ditto, Preference • . .. • • • • 2 11% ••..to 12
FOREIGN RAILWAYS.
Boulogne and Amiens .. • • .. 18 14% —.. to
Dutch Rhenish •• • • • • .. .. 7 • • 4% .. ••to
Louvain ala Sambre .. .• 6 .... to
Northern of France •• .. • • 8 •• • • 12% .•.• to
Paris and Lyons. .. • . •• 8 ...• .... to
Rouen and Havre .. 2O .• .. 27 to
MINES
Real del Monte. Unregistered .. •• .• • • to
Erratum in Yesterday's List—Read Scottish Central 22% to 21%
instead of 22% to 2114.

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY)
LONDON, FEn. 9.—Wind S.W. by W., moderate breeze
and frosty.
LIVERPOOL, FEB. B.—Wind S.S.W., light.—Arrd. Com-
merce, Thorpe, Benin ; Birhampore, Smith, Calcutta; Ste-
phen Witney, Popham, New York; Nova Scotian, Nicker-
son, Liverpool, N.S, Sld., 7th, Ararat, Monte Video.
PLYMOUTH, Fan. B.—The Balticum, Dickson, nom St.
Domingo, arrived here to-day, leaky, with loss of mainmast,
bowsprit, &c., and two men washed overboard, having been on
her beam ends, 23d ult. The True Blue, of this port, got on shore
on Battery Point this morning ; since got off, and laid on
the mud.

SWANSEA, Fan. 5.—A boat;' marked " Fanny, of Barum,
George Brooks," was picked up off Ouwich Point, 31st ult.
PORT TALBOT, Fun. 7.—The Douglas. Boyne from Bar-
row, was in contact this morning with a large brig, and re-
ceived some damage.
BELFAST, FEB. s.—The Eliza Jane, from Sinelle, arrived
here to-day, with loss of bowsprit, &c.
FOWZY, FEB. B.—The Eliza, Furze, from Leghorn, arrived
at hievagessey, yesterday, with loss of fore-mast, main-top-
mast, jibboom, bulwarks, &c.
PINZANCE, Fitts. 7.—During yesterday and last night it
blew a severe gale, with violent squalls from W.N.W. to
N.N.W. About sixty of the vessels bound to St. George's
Channel, which sailed from the Roads on the 4th instant,
have been driven back.

LIvEZPOOL, FEB. B.—The lanthe, barque, of and from St.
John's, New Brunswick to the Clyde, with lose of bowsprit,
foremast and mainmast head, &e., was spoken, and supplied
with provisions and sails, on the sth instant, in lat. 50,
lou. 13, by the Stephen Whitney, Popham, arrived here.
ISLE ORNSAY (SKYE), FEB, s.—The dismasted vessel,
reported on the 3d inst., as having been towed into Ryleakin,
is the Spokesman, Baxter, of and for Liverpool, from Balling,
in ballast.

BERWICK, FEB. 6.—The Udney, Ferguson, of and for
Dundee, from Newcastle (coal laden), was run into this
morning, near the Big Fern Light, whilst in stays, by a
schooner bound northward, and sunk soon after in twenty.
five fathoms water; crew landed at North Sunderland.
REDCAB, Fan. B.—Part of a vessel's boat, marked
a William Newman, Mernbull, Weymouth," came ashore at
Skinningrove, on the 4th inst.

HOUSE OF LORDS.-(THIS DAY.)
The House sat to-day to hear appeals. The Peers present
were—the Lord Chancellor, the Duke of Manchester, and
Lord Beaumont.