The Sun.
London, England, 1841-05-18 00:00:00

TrIE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, MAY 18, !S4l

correctly observed that the farmers were gene-
rally comparatively poor men, and that they
were under so many obligations that they were not
likely to become wealthy. We cannot look to
them, therefore, for the means of executing great
national undertakings; neither can we calculate
on landowners, who are generally immersed in
frivolous dissipation, executing such works. The
capitalists of the manufacturing districts, skilful
and enterprising,• are amongst the foremost men
of the day in promoting those great works which
will be the credit of this age in succeeding gene-
rations, and it would be to the honour of their
Lordships if they were to cherish such men in-
stead of envying and trying to oppress them. Lord
ASHBURTON, in endeavouring to make out a
charge of unreasonable discontent against the
capitalists of the manufacturing districts, showed
that they conferred a great benefit on the public,
which it might look forin vain to either the land-
lords or their dependent tenants.

The system of legislation implied in the com-
bination of the sinister interests to defeat the
Ministers, is that of mutual and reciprocal pro-
tection, which means, as is now acknowledged,
mutual and reciprocal plunder, with the addi-
tional enormity, that they are all to plunder the
unprotected classes, in the name of the law.
Of the thorough, unprincipled iniquity of this
system we say nothing ; we shall only make a
few remarks on its impracticability.
It is now avowed, on all hands, that the un-
protected classes cannot be fleeced any more.
Annihilated they may be, but, to squeeze any-
thing more out of them is impossible. What
can possibly be got from Irish labourers whose
wages are sixpence a-day, and whose only food is
lumpers ? What can be wrung from a hand-
loom weaver who has 4s. t2d. per week to main-
tain a family of seven persons ; or from an agri-
cultural labourer, who has, while in work, the
great wages of I is. a-week ? No, the labouring
class is ground down very nearly to the lowest
stage of existence, and more than they have
heretofore yielded, they cannot yield. The pro-
babilities indeed, are, that waxing wroth with
oppression, or warn out by its heavy hand, they
will yield less, or will die exhausted under its
loads.

The unprotected classes, then, yielding nothing
more, the protected classes will have to get what
they can from each other. At present they are
united to resist an attack on their common mo-
nopolies, but whenever Sir ROBERT PEEL shall
be quietly installed in office, the selfish interest
of each class will come into full operation, and
the contest will be which shall have
most. If Sir ROBERT fancies that the
protected classes will remain each contented with
its present share of plunder, he will undoubtedly
find himself mistaken. The landed interest and
the monied interestalready regard each other with
envious eyes, and the landed gentlemen who have
triumphed over the starving people will not long
submit to the operation of Peel's Bill. The first
fertile season which lowers prices to the level of
IS3O will again see the CA YLEYS and the BUCK-
ING HAMS advocating a reduction of the standard,
and threatening rebellion if the price of barley
fall below 375. Does Sir ROBERT expect that
he will maintain the present plan of the cur-
rency, and at the same time preserve the support
of those two classes of the present combinators ?
Again, it is quite certain that with the present
restrictions on trade, the profits on capital in
every department of industry must decline.
They are now stagnant, and if the channels of en-
terprise continue to be blocked up by the law,
down they must go. Your great Brazilian
mine speculators, Bank Directors, iron•inas-
ters, ship-owners, &c., will then begin to
think it is time to get a slice off the landlords'
protection, and to loggerheads these mutual and
reciprocal protectors will assuredly go. A nice
task the Right Hon. Baronet will have to ap-
pease the unappeasable maws of avarice in its
various shapes and forms ; if he were dis-
posed to keep things exactly as they are,
he may be sure that circumstances., which
- ..,8, .. ILA NV4 ullto .V 1111 /{,
and he will have to adjust and re-adjust to the
continual falling away of some one class of his
supporters, the rival claims of the mutually and
reciprocally protected classes.

But if these should really out of dread of the
general foe, the despoiled and outraged people,
subdue their rivalries, there is one pro-
tected class which will take no denial,
and which even now demands an addi-
tional share of the general spoliation. Sir R.
IrlGus's motion for Church Extension stands for
this day. Sir R. PEEL voted tbr it on a former
occasion, and must again give it his support. He
must, fur consistency sake, and from gratitude, ex-
tend the Church, and extend the power and wealth
of the priesthood. He can, however, get nothing
more from the people. He must take something
from the mutually and reciprocally protected
classes, and then comes the squabble which of
them shall give, or which of them shall let go
protection. How many months will Sir ROBERT
be able to postpone such a contest, and postpone
the breaking up of his party? We confidently
answer, not twelve. Dishonest mern cannot
agree when each has much less than he
desires and thinks he merits, and the corn-
binators, at whose head Sir ROBERT PEEL
is to seize the Government, will very soon
break up his Administration, as they are now
breaking up Lord MELBOURNE'S, for attempting
to relieve the people from a little portion of their
rapacity. The goodness of GOD pervades alike
the moral and the physical world, and He has
so ordered both, that honesty and gravity are
sure, in the long run, to pull down the most soar
ing, ambitions to the general level of the earth.
When the Government of the combinatory shall
break into pieces by its inherent wickedness, as
break to pieces it will, a nice mess it will leave
the country in.

Even while we were writing the above re-
marks, a discussion in the House of Commons
was supplying an illuStration of them. Mr.
HODGES, the Member for West Kent, had
a sly hit at the tithes, and made it
appear that they were the burden on
the laud which would prevent the landlords
from repealing► the Corn-law. If, said the Hon.
Member, a man formerly allowed his field to re-
man unploughed, he had no tithe to pay as he
had no crop ; but now, whether he plough it or
not, the tithes are a fixed rent-charge on the
estate, and he must pay it, though his land do
not yield the amounti-lf the tithes. The land-
owners and the tithe-owners will soon quarrel
with each other, when the people can no longer
yield enough to satisfy the demands of these
mutually and reciprocally protected classes.

We have not room to insert an account of all
the numerous meetings which have taken place
in the metropolis to support the measures of Mi-
nisters. A noble spirit is at length awakened,
and the example of the Metropolis will give a
stimulus to exertion throughout the empire.

The whole of the Paris Journals of Friday and
Saturday have been received, together with advices
from Constantinople, Beyrout, Alexandria and
Athens, brought by the Levant mail. Our East-
tern intelligence will be found in another part
of The Suit. It was rumoured that a modifica-
tion of the French Cabinet would shortly take
place, in consequence of some differences of opi-
nion between M. GUIZOT and Marshal SoULT.

The debate on the War Budget continued in
the Chamber of Deputies. Never did ex-Minis-
ter cut so sorry a figure as M. THIERS has done
during the past week. So soon as the Eastern
question is definitely settled, France will disband
her armaments. The TniEns-created Legions
will be disbanded, and the men drafted into
other regiments.

The trial of DARMES and his accomplices is

fixed for the '2lth instant. DARMES is composing
a long speech which he is to deliver before the
Chamber of Peer's, in which, instead of extenu-
ating his own guilt, he proposes to exhibit the
villany of his Judges. It is needless to observe
that the Court will not permit such an outrage
upon its dignity. Nevertheless the Chamber of
Peers must suffer greatly in public estimation by
being thus brought in constant contact with ruf-
fians reckless of life, and therefore pre-determined
to set their authority at defiance. After the
proofs of magnanimity the KING has given in
sparing the lives of wretches who attempted to
take* his, it would be surely as safe to try DARMES
by a Jury as by the highest tribunal known to
the laws.

There is no domestic news in the Paris Papers
of any political importance.
INSURRECTION IN EUROPEAN TUREET.—The Augsburg
Gazette publishes a letter. dated Belgrade, the 2d inst., which
states that the engagement which took place between the
Albanians under the command of the Pacha of Nissa and the
Christian insurgents encamped at Alexeni•sa was most san-
guinary. The Christians fought courageously, hut their
forces were two much dispersed, and were unable to re-
sist the compact body of Albanians. The insurgent's, whe
had collected their wives, children, and old persons, were
obliged to yield to the furious attack of the enrage'
Turks. After their victory the Albanians committed the most
horrible excesses. They murdered children and unresisting
old men. They impaled the prisoners taken with arms in t heir
hands, they laid the villages in ashes, they violated the females
and then threw them into the flames. Between 20 and 30
villages were destroyed by fire after the flight of the insur-
gents. Accounts from Alexeni•sa state the Christians after
their defeat fled, some to the mountains, and some into Servia.
It was reported in Belgrade that an insurrection had broken
out in Anatolia.

IxsuitexcrioN IN CANDIA.—The Portafoglio Maltese of
the bth instant announces that the insuriection in Candia had
become general. The Seiaskier, Niustapha Pasha, had ail-
dret-ed a proclamation to the Christian population of the
island, offering a general pardiin to the insurgents who should
submit to the authority of the Sultan, and announcing to them
that his Highness had reduced the taxes on leather, wine, and
spirits, and redressed other local grievances. This proclama-
tion, however, had not produced the desired effect. The in-
surgents were determined not to accept any boon short of inde-
pendence; and, according to the last accounts, dated the 21st
ult., they were more than a match for the Turkish forces, who
were afraid to venture out of their stronglrlds.
EASTLRN NEws.--The Augsburgh Gazette publishes a let -
ter, dated Djedda, March 2, which states that the Arnauts and
other irregular troops which Ibrahim Pacha had left at iViecea
were about to be shipped for Egypt, and that the holy cities
would be garrisoned with Arabian troops. The same letter
adds, that various reports were afloat relative to the movement
of British troops on the coast of tire Red Sea, and some as-
serted that, not satisfied with the possession of Aden, they
wished likewise to s, ize Mocha. On the other hand, it was
said that a French company had acquired a territory on the
coast fora sum of 100,000 f., through she mediation of a French
traveller (M. Combes), fur the purp•se of establishing a trade
with Abyssinia.
ROME, MAY I.—A line of telegraphs, as we are informed,
is going to be established from Lombardy, to the Kingdom of
Naples. The effects of the late Cardinal Pesch, will be sold by
auction in a few days, besides an immense quantity of gold and
silver plate ; there is all the linen worn by the Emperor Na-
poli on, when he was in the Isle of Elba, anti which is marked
with his arms. The sale of the pictures. the number of ehich
is considerable, will not take place till some time afterwards.—
Le Canstitutionel.

The Gazette du Midi of the 11th has the following article:—
" The preliminary inquiries in what is called the Republican
plot continue without intermission. Two persons having been
lately arrested, and two others 'rasing surrendered themselves,
the total number of persons now confined is now 36. At
Orange and at Lisle more than forty persons were arrested,
but most of them were released by the Magistrates. Here not
one of the persons accused has been discharged from prison.
Le Commerce.

We have received the Antwerp papers of yesterday's date.
HAGUE, MAY 14.—The Members of the First Chamber
of the States General have been convoked on the 21st May to
resume their sittings.
800 RSE OF AMSTE RDANT. —The tendency of the National
FUnds was towards an improvement to-day, and some of the
prices were better, but the transactions were not animated.
The appointment of Espartero causes a rite of per cent. in
Ardoin s Spanish.

Consols opened this morning at the same quota Fons tFey
left off on Saturday, 893 90 for the Account ; Mtiney, 891
the market is quite inactive at present. Exchequer Bills 1 3
prem. ; Bank Stock 167 168; India Stock, 200 232 ; India
Bonds, 1 discount 1 prem.
In the Foreign Market, Spanish Active not quite se good
as it left off, at 241/8, at present 233 24 ; Deferred, ;
Passive, 5i ; Portuguese also a shade lower, left off 341!t, at
present 34-4; Brazilian, 67i 68i ; Colombian, 22 1; Mexican
rather lower, 2EBR 3 • Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. 52i;
Five per Cents., 9941 100.
SIIA urs.—Great Western, 28 29 prem. ; New, 14f, prem. ;
London and Brighton, 3% A dis. ; Blackwall, 714 61 d.s. ;
Birmingham 68 70 prem. ; Southampton, 56i 57i per share;
Greenwich 8 per share ; Manchester and Birmingham, 15i
14 dis.

PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE.
RAILWAYS. Paid. Per Share.
London andßrighton
London and Birmingham
Midland Counties lOO

Ditto Shares
Nor, h Midland
South Eastern and Dover