The Sun.
London, England, 1847-10-11 00:00:00

Obining

LONDON, MONDAY, OCTOBER 11, 1847.

THE QUARTER'S REVENUE.

The return of the Revenue for the quarter ending
the 10th of October, 1847, exhibits, as might have
been anticipated, evidences of the pressure under
which we have been labouring for the last three
months. On the quarter there is a decrease under
every head save those of Post-office and Taxes, the
former of which exhibits a trifling increase of

3,9451., and the latter an increase on the quarter o
5,0001. It is gratifying to find that the Post-office
revenue continues to increase year by year, and quar-
ter by quarter, whatever may be the circumstances
of the country. During the prosperous years 1844
and 1845, the Post- office revenue exhibited a steady
increase, and during the years of pressure 1846
and 1847, the increase still continues. These
results prove to demonstration the sound-
ness of the principles of Mr. ROWLAND HILL
and we congratulate the friends of "a cheap and
uniform system of postage" on the decisive and sue-
eessful result of this great experiment. The total
decrease on the revenue for the quarter is 1,507,2301.,
on the revenue for the year, 1,042,2681. It must,
however, be recollected that a portion of this de-
crease is attributable to the cessation of the payment
by China, on account of the expenses of the late war.
This will account for 227,6441. of the decrease
on the quarter, and for nearly a million of
the deficiency on the year. The Customs ex-
hibit a decrease of 374,1911. on the quarter,
but an increase of 267,2241. on the year, the total
amount of Customs revenue being for the quarter
4,936,644/., and for the year 18,418,1571. The de-
crease on the quarter can be accounted for by the
fact that during the corresponding quarter of last
year considerable sums were received as duty on the
importation of foreign corn, whereas during the
quarter just expired all grain was admitted duty free.
'We are sorry to observe a large decrease in the Ex-
cise revenue, as this indicates a diminished power of
consumption on the part of the great masses of the
people in consequence of the severe pressure of dis-
tress. The diminution in the Excise revenue on the
year amounts to 159,9141., and on the quarter
to the enormous sum of 641,9801., the total
Excise revenue for the quarter being 3,539,9461.,
and for the year 12,092,0181. The great
decrease has taken place in the receipts from the
duties on malt and on British spirits. The total
revenue received from Stamps fortoh74s
e,,yealr amounts
to 7,135,3781., for the quarter to 1,7
an increase on the year of 152,2491., but a decrease on
showing
the quarter of 66,4191. To the increase, both ins the
year and the quarter, under the head of Taxes, we have
already alluded. The total revenue derived from this
source for the year amounts to 4,329,6771., and for the
quarter to 213,885/. The Property-tax has yielded
for the year 5,438,4531., and for the quarter
1,918,645/., showing an increase on the year of
106,2961., and a decrease on the quarter of 53,4831.
The increase in the Post-office on the quarter, as
we have already stated amots to 5,000/., on the
year it amounts to 57,000/.un—the total amount of
revenue derived from this source being, for the year,
859,0001., and for the quarter, 222,000/. Under
the head Crown Lands there is a decrease on the
quarter of 45,0001., no revenue having been :derived
from that scarce during the quarter ending Oct. 10,
1847. The decrease under this head on the year
amounts to 48,0001. The Miscellaneous revenue
for the quarter amounts to 73,1264, and for the
year to 202,8371., showing a decrease on the
year of 153,208/., and on the quarter of
104,784/. This decrease, however, is rather
apparent than real, inasmuch as during the corre-
sponding quarter of last year 227,6441. of China

money was brought to account. The total Income
for the quarter is 12,843,3141., and for the year
49,5:52,8791., showing a decrease in the year of
1,042,268/., and a decrease on the quarter of
1,507,2301. The total Charge for the quarter is
7,791,6651. The surplus of the Consolidated Fund
for the quarter is 856,1341. ; and the surplus of Re-
venue, after providing for the charges on the Conso-
lidated Fund, and for the payment of Supply ser-
vices. in the quarter, is 729,195/.

A palace intrigue has dissipated all the patriotic
visions of SALAMANCA. The restoration of General
NARVAEZ to power is a catastrophe so remarkable
and unexpected that it has startled the political world
as with a thunderclap. Paris, Madrid, and London
were equally amazed at the intelligence that the Duke
of VALENCIA:WES again in the ascendant. The Minis-
terial organs of M. GUIZOT were for the time being so
bewildered by an occurrence of a character so propi-
tious and unanticipated that they contented them-
selves with the simple publication of the news con-
veyed by the French telegraph, reserving their com-
ments until such time as the information should be
corroborated by the explanations of their Spanish
correspondents. In our own capital the
first brief announcement of this extraordinary
transferrence of the government from the
hands of the enterprising Progressista
SA-
LAMANCA to those of the execrable Afrancesado Nan-
VAEZ, was heard as something incredible and preter-
natural. The more sanguine of the wellwisbers of
the late Administration would at the first blush have
equally withheld their credulity from a telegraphic
dispatch recounting the arrival of travellers from
Atalantis, or the importation of a cargo of bullion
from the merchants of El Dorado. Even the late
Minister of Finance was originally informed of his
downfal when whiling away an evening in a box at
the theatre. All were astonished, and doubtful if not
actually incredulous, at the first declaration that
NAEVAEZ had supplanted SALAMANCA. Yet such
actually proves to be the last alternation of affairs in the
Spanish metropolis, and now that time has permitted
them to recover from their first agreeable surprise, the
Paris journals are breaking silence, and commenting
with a complacent egotism upon this abrupt revival of

influence to the Afrancesados.
A momentary examination of the facts of this
Ministerial change assures us, however, that it
has arisen from no vast combinations of faction,
from no subtle contrivances of diplomacy, from no
moral predominance of principle, but from the mi-
serable effervescence of personal passion, and the con•
temptible casualties of a palace intrigue. If ISA..
BELLA. has again wilfully fallen before the seduc-
tions of the Guizot Cabinet, she has fallen like
DANAE—a shower of gold has been the means of
her abasement. It would be frivolous indeed to deny
that the funds placed at the disposal of the Duke of
VALENCIA, simultaneously with his recent journey
from the Tuileries to the Prado, have exercised a
marvellous influence over those individuals who are
known to sway the judgment of her Most Catholic
MAJESTY. The key which has opened the doors of
the Council Chamber to Don RamoN MARIA
NARvaxx, is a key of gold. And now that the event
has actually transpired, now that curiosity and
amazement have been diminished by the revelations
of the initiated, it is only surprising that the autho-
rity of SALAMANCA was not previously subverted,
and the worshippers prostrate long ago before the
golden calf of Afrancesadoism.
In exulting over the accession of General NAIL..
VAEZ to power, as President of the Council of Minis-
ters, we nevertheless conceive that the palliators of
French intrigue are singularly premature, and egre-
giously open to the charge of temerity. That our
impressions in this respect are not altogether un-
founded is shown by the spirit in which the obser-

vations of the Journal des _Wats itself are ex-
pressed. It evidently regards the Duke of VALENCIA
in his new position with a joyful but hesitating
admiration. It exults at the formation of a Cabinet
with a Moderado majority in the Cortes, and it
yearns to receive intelligence that NARVAEZ is proving
himself the most faithful, as ne is already the most
illustrious, representative of the party of which that
majority is composed. The question is,. therefore,
will General NARVAEZ fulfil the insidious aspirations
of his French supporters ? Is he ascending the curule
chair merely to betray his country, bound hand and
foot, into the possession of LOUIS PHILIPPE ? Or is
he one of those profound and crafty patriots who
strive to extricate their native land and their Sove-
reign from the toils of the enemy by a pretence
of villany and an appearance of fraud ?
NARVAEZ may yet obliterate the recollection of his
atrocities by the adoption of a most magnanimous
policy; he may yet, by his correspondence with the
royal intriguer of the Tuileries, present to posterity
a conflict of guile historically analagous to the ever-
memorable strife of craftiness between the most
wonderful diplomatists of their own or of perhaps
any age—MACHIAVELLI and C2ESAR BORGIA. For
MACHIAVELLI, with all his ruthless astuteness, was a
patriot, and NARVAEZ may yet prove his disciple.
Correct, therefore, as the Constitutionnel is in say-
ing that " Spain is under the government of chance,
tempered by palace intrigues," we cannot but believe
that her ultimate restoration to happiness and pros-
perity may result from these very fortuitous events.
Hope can never forsake the peninsula while the SOVE-
REIGN is young and resolute in the retention of her
independence, while the hearts of Spaniards are loyal
to their QUEEN and their Constitution, and while
their arms are nerved by love and reverence for the
maintenance of their nationality. Brief as has been
the existence of the Salamanca Cabinet, it has deserved
for itself the grateful recollections of the people, for
solely through its instrumentality has the perturbed
reign of ISABELLA been graced by the decree of a
comprehensive political amnesty. By the publi-
cation of that amnesty Senor SALAMANCA has ensured
to himself the eulogistic mention of the future his-
torian of Spain. That at least may be a consolation
to him for the misfortune of finding himself thrust
from authority long before the fulfilment of his
patriotic aspirations.

Tipperary has long acquired a fearful celebrity for
the scenes of riot and disturbance, of destruction of
property and resistance to the law, of bloodshed and
murder, by which its soil is defiled, and in which too
many of its inhabitants are participators, if not by
being actually present, aiding and abetting at the
perpetration of the outrages, at least by a foreknow-
ledge that such things are in contemplation, and a
withholding of such information as would enable the
victims to escape from the machinations of the con-
spirators, and also by affording every assistance in
their power to the offenders to enable them to evade
pursuit, and to escape the punishment due to the crimes
they have committed. A wide-spread conspiracy is
organized in almost every locality, in opposition to the
law. A sanguinary code has been established for
the punishment of those who dare to counteract the
decrees of the midnight legislators, secret tribunals
are created before which complaints are lodged and
investigated, questions of life and death are debated
by the self-constituted judges, and sentence passed
without the victim being made aware of what is
objected against him, or being allowed any opportu-
nity of offering his defence. The frightful assassinations
by which the public feeling is outraged are generally
speaking regarded by the peasantry as the execution
of a merited sentence, and there is no lack of execu-
tioners to carry into effect the decree of the court.
The old man of the mountains could not rely with
greater certainty on the obedience of his assassins,
or the immolation of his enemy, than the blood-
thirsty miscreants who have pronounced the judg-
ment can depend on the zeal of the selected agent,
and the sacrifice of the devoted victim. That agent
is generally chosen by lot from amongst a number
prepared for any atrocity, and he never gives up
the
gpaurdrsleusist
oufnteiolnhsev
eheansceeffsetcotedhihmisseflefarfhuel purpose.
Regardless Re
slip no opportunity. He does not seek to shelter
himself under the darkness of night, but
even in the face of the noontide sun, in
the full light of heaven, will shed the
blood of his fellow-man, and retire coolly from the
scene of his iniquity, not fearing pursuit or interrup-
tion from the neighbouring peasantry. Such a state
of things is indeed lamentable. It is impossible to
hope for a permanent improvement in the condition of
the country while it is permitted to exist. How can
they hope for the introduction of capital into the
country, while there is neither security for life or
property in the district ? How can they rail at the

absenteeism, the curse of their country, if resi-

dent and improving landlords, men anxious to
discharge the duties incidental to their properties well
and efficiently, are to be butchered in the middle of
the day, at their own thresholds, for attempting to
enforce their legal rights, and that in by no means a
harsh or oppressive manner.
The statements made and the address adopted
at the meeting of magistrates of that county,
assembled at Cashel on Thursday last, for the
pu•

irpose of taking into their consideration the
course to be pursued in consequence of the
recent murder of WILLIAM ROE, Esq., a brother
magistrate, exhibit melancholy illustrations of the
demoralised condition of the people. The un-
fortunate gentleman whose untimely death had
occasioned the assemblage was, it appears, "an
upright magistrate, a kind and considerate landlord,
charitable to the poor, and most generous and liberal
in the measures he adopted to provide employment
for the peasantry upon his property. For that pur-
pose he was about commencing, in addition to pre-
vious works, an extensive system of drainage ; and
during the late period of distress, he established a
depot of food at his own expense, which was gratui•
tously distributed to the destitute under the superin-
tendence of his sisters, both of whom were attacked
by fever caught in the discharge of their benevolent
duties." Such is the statement of the assembled
justices of the character and conduct of the unfortu-
nate gentleman, and there is no reason to suppose that
it is in any degree exaggerated, or not fully warranted
by the facts ; and yet such a person is deliberately
and wantonly assassinated on the high road, near his
own demesne, and in the immediate vicinity; indeed,
within a few yards of several inhabited houses, at
eleven o'clock in the forenoon, and the audacious and
heartless perpetrator is suffered to make his escape
unmolested, leaving his innocent victim weltering in
his blood. Such a fact would alone speak trumpet-
tongued as to the necessity of some prompt and
vigorous measures to bring to justice all parties in
any manner implicated in this foul and infamous
murder, not merely the wretched hirelings by whose
agency the fell behest of the human demons
was carried into execution, but also every one in the
slightest degree cognizant of the offence who could
be regarded as an accessary before the fact. But if
the statement made at the meeting as to the causes
can in any manner be substantiated it becomes much
more essential that a striking example should be
made, and a death-blow given to the system that
could lead to such harrowing results. The magis-
trates state that " the generally supposed cause of the
murder is that Mr. ROE had ejected one of his

tenants who held seven acres of land at a moderate

price. He owed Mr. ROE two years' rent last May;
Six out of the seven acres were lying waste and un-
cultivated.;Mr. RoE offered 101., to forgive all arrears,
and to let him have the crops growing on the one acre
he had tilled, if he would yield possession of the
land. This proposal the tenant refused, evidently
resolved to hold the ground without paying rent,"
and they add, " we have reason to believe that a con-
spiracy existed to deprive Mr. RoE of his legal
claims, among others of his tenants, and that this
crime formed a portion of the plan." It is really
shocking to contemplate the existence of such things
in a civilised country. The mode of reasoning by

which the murder was decided on exhibits a specimen

of hellish ingenuity hitherto unparalleled. We know
not where Lord GLENGALL derived the information
which he laid before the meeting ; but it is to be
hoped, from the explicit and decided manner in which
his Lordship stated what had taken place, that such
revelations have been made as will lay bare the entire
proceedings. We extract the following from his

Lordship's speech :
"It appeared that a combination had been formed
by several of his tenants—that a determination ex-
isted among them not to pay him large arrears of rent
which they owed. Some of the parties met to con-
sider what steps they should adopt to carry out their
infernal schemes. It was understood that it abso-
lutely became the subject of consideration among
those persons who met, whether Mr. Roe, or the
gentleman who officiated as his agent, should be
shot ! They admitted in their hellish committee
that Mr. Roe was an excellent, extremely liberal,
and generous gentleman, and that it would be a pity
to shoot him 1 and that it would be better to shoot
the agent ! But when the fellows had fully discussed
their machinations, they came to the determination of
shooting the landlord, whom, alas ! they did. The
reason why they had selected the landlord was this :
—Mr. Roe's children were very young ; that if Mr. i
Roe was dead the property would be probably placed
under the Court of Chancery, and the consequence of
which would be that the receiver from the court
would be appointed over it ; that the receiver, as was
the general castom in those cases, would pay little or
no attention to the interests of the minors ; that those
scheming tenants would be enabled to get a reduc-
tion in the rents, and that, as it had often been the
case when properties were placed under the courts,
the minors and widow would be plundered of their
only existence l"
Surely there must be something radically wrong
and requiring an immediate remedy when such things
are practised and freely spoken of. It may not be
possible to defeat or set aside evils that are of ancient
growth in a brief period, but no efforts should be
spared to trace their source, and to introduce such
enactments as will be adequate for the vindication of
the law, to strike a salutary terror into the minds of
the wrongdoers, and to establish something like se-
curity for life and property in that unhappy district.

The Journal of the Two Sicilies, of the 27th ult.,
says—" An official report, received this morning,
from the authorities of Reggio, announces that the
heads of the revolt, GIOVANNI ANDREA ROMEO,
STEFANO RoMEo, and the son of the late DOMENICO
RoMEo, have given themselves up to Mayor SCALEZE,
of the gendarmerie. There, therefore, now remains
no other person of that family, nor any other head
of their insurrection, for the other promoter of dis-
order, the famous canon PAOLO PELLICANO, is also in
custody."

The Diario di Roma, which is the official journal
of the Pontificial Government, contradicts, in the
most positive manner, the reports which had been
current in Rome, of defeats sustained by the royal
troops, and of the defection of some detachments of
the army.
A letter from Berne, of the 4th, says—

" The grand military review which took place on
Sunday, in the canton of Vaud, and the ceremony of
taking the oaths by the militia, formed one of the
most imposing patriotic solemnities which have taken
place since that canton conquered its independence.
In each of the nineteen districts into which the can-
ton is divided, the troops of elite and of the reserve
took with enthusiasm the oath to the cantonal consti-
tution and the federal authority. The battalions were
fully complete, and the arms and equipments left no-
thing to be desired. The formation of an auxiliary corps
•f volunteers has been effected in a manner which sur-
passed the expectation of the Government. Accord-
ing to the statement which the Government has made
to the Vorort, the Diet can reckon on 22,000 armed
men of the elite, on a reserve of 10,000 men, and on
from 4,000 to 6,000 volunteers. The troops of the
Vaud are generally considered the best of the confede-
ration. The Landsgemeinde of Uri, which only pos-
sesses a population of 15,000, whilst that of Vaud
is 200,000, has declared its approval of all that has
been done by the Sonderbund, and asserted that it
will not submit to the decrees of the Diet. The
Grand Council of Lucerne, on its part, has decided
that the people shall be consulted as to the course to
be pursued under existing circumstances."
The canton of Zug has decided not to submit to
the decrees of the Diet dissolving the Sonderbund.
The Federal Directory has addressed the following
notification to the confederated States :

"We inform you by the present that, according to
Et notification of the 29th ult., by the Executive
Council of the canton of Berne, some soldiers of
Fribourg, on the 25th, fired with ball from the village
of Übeistorf upon some houses on the territory of
Berne. We have requested the Government of Fri-
bourg to instute an inquiry into this affair, and to
give satisfaction."

Madrid journals of the 4th inst. have arrived.
The Gageta publishes the following royal decrees
announcing the change of the Ministry :

ROYAL DECREES.

"In sight of the reasons which Don Florencio
Garcia Goyena has exposed to me, I hereby accept
the resignation which he has made of the charges of
President of the Council of Ministers, and Minister
of Grace and Justice, remaining well satisfied with
the zeal and loyalty with which he has fulfilled
them.

" Given at the Palace the 4th October, 1847.
" Is signed by the royal hand.
" The Minister of Instruction, Commerce, and
Public Works,
..

"ANTONIO ROS DE OLANO."