The Sun.
London, England, 1823-12-03 00:00:00

/MERCANTILE Sllll'l'l NG.

DEAL, DEC. 2.—Wind S.W.—Arrived and sailed for the
River the Henry, Hannington, from Leghorn; ltbaleira packet,
Allen" from the westward, distinisted ; Camden, front
Jamaica; Resolution, Smith, Quebec; also, and remain, the
Welding, Boyle, Nova Scotia. Came down ti-oM the River
and remain the Prince of Orane, White, for Cork and Olbral.
tar; Genoa packet, for the Mediterranean; Palmyra, Rey,
nolds, St. Domingo; Robert, Bathgate, Montserat ; London
Turner, Jamaica; and Comet, M,Pherson, for Mtuleirsi. ,
Pour S U n, DEC. 2.—Wirol S.W.—Arrived the fluty,
Coats, from the Coast of Guinea. The Urchin, Chadwick, of
Nautucket, arrived at Alineire on the 10th of August, 22 days
from Bonavista, with the owner of the brig Edward, who in.
formed Captain Coats that Captain Juben, of the Edward, had
been murdered by his crew and the brig scuttled; three of this
perpetrators of the crime landed in the boat near Asim, where
they were apprehended anti sent to Cape Coast Castle, and from
thence to the United States. The Urchin sailed on the 4:h of
August for South America all well. Off the Port the Mat.
quit of Hastings, from Madras Cape, and St. Helena.
FA 1.140 T , Dec. L.—Wind S" W.—Put back the
Duke of Marlborough packet, for Lisbon. Arrived the Peace,
Long, from Southton ; and Three Sisters, Brown, front Jersey.

The St. Patrick, from North America to London ; and
Isabella, from ditto to Carmarthen, have been abandoned at
sea.

Caoss Putteosts.—lt was customary with
FREDERICK the Great, King of Prussia, when-
ever a new soldier appeared in his Guards, to
ask him three questions—" How old are you ?
How long have you been in my service ?—Are
you satisfied with your pay and treatment ?"
happened that a young soldier b rn in France,
desired to enlist into the Prussian service, and
his figure was such that he was immediately ac-
cepted. Ile was totally ignorant of German, but
his Captain gave him notice that the King would
question him in that language the first time he saw
him, and cautioned him to learn by heart Ow
three answers he must make to the King. The
soldier learned them by the next day ; and as
soon as he appeared in the ranks, Frederick
went up to interrogate him ; hut happening to
ask him the second question first How long
have you been in my service i""Twenty-one
years," answered the soldier. The King strut k
with the contrast between his youthful appear-
mice and the answer, said to him astonished—
" flow old are you 1"—" One year an't please
your Majesty." Frederick still more amazed,
cried, " You or must certainly be mad." The
soldier, who took this for the third question, re-
plied firmly, " Both an't please your Majesty."
44 This is the first time I ever was treated as a
madman at the head of my army," rejoined
Frederick, But the soldier hating now exhausted
his stock of German, stood silent ; and when the
King again addressed him, ht order to penetrate
the mystery, the soldier told him in French 614
he did not understand one word of German. The
King laughed heartily, and after exhorting hint
to dohs duty, left him.

CORN-EXCHANGE, Dec. 3.
We had a few coasting-vessels that arrived with 1,750 qrs. of
Wheat, 1,350 of Barley, 1,t40 of English, with 2,700 qrs. of
Irish Oats, and 2,700 sacks of Flour; but, as the weather has
beeotne cold, and the samples appear better to the hand, Mon-
day's prices are asked, and obtained for fine old Wheat and
Barley—indeed for every grain of good quality ; but the in-
ferior sort still hang on hand without any of */ being milt :
But, should the weather continue favourable, the samples will
improve greatly.

THE LONDON JOWLNALS.

DAILY
Extracts from the Morning Papers, Dec. 3.

• MUSH NUM.)
'The eye of the French Cabinet is still fixed
'en South America; its emissaries are yet prowl-
ing round its shores : it will not resign the at-
tempt to obtain a part of the rich conquests of
°Cortez and. Pizarro, but from absolute despair of
success. Notting will ultimately prevetit the
expedition to Peru or Mexico, but the niehacts
of our CabipBt and the fears of a British ileet.L-
We have wets a very recent letter frorn a Spanish
Nobleman, a friend to the constitutional system,
within some days, stating, that naval and other
stores, hi great quantities, were collecting by the
'French in Cadiz; that they had publicly avowed
their determination to retain possession of that
'strong place while we Itch! Gibraltar ; and that
in Cadiz the fitting outa fleet with French supplies,
and French troops for South America, was also
publicly talked of. The-Etoile, for some days
silenced by the tone of our Journals, has return.
ed to the charge on this subject. "To whom
(this Journal has asked, still harping on South
America) must application be made to conclude
treaties l That which you to-day conclude with
a republic, will to-morrow be torn in pieces by
a despot." Unfortunately for the arguments
of the disinterested Etoile, there is not, since the
days of Iturbide, an individual despot through-
out. all Spanish America. Peru is now the only
province where a remnant of Spanish ascendancy
remains, and there it will speedily be extinguished
by the presence and energy of Bolivar. Though
Mexico, as the Etoile remarks,'" in the space of
two years, has been a Republic, then an'Empire,
and now again a Republic," infant liberty in every
State has changes of this sort to pass through be•
fore it becomes confirmed into manhood : and
though, as this paper adds, " the cannon of the
" Royalists interdict (at Vera Cruz) the free.
" dom of the only port by which her relations
" with Europe were maintained," this is the last
struggle Spanish supremacy will ever make, of
itself, in Mexico; it is the last hectic effort
that precedes its utter dissolution in that
fine province. 46 Time alone," the Etoile
concludes by saying, " can decide the yet uncer-
lain fate of Spanish America." This is a truism
that does not admit of contravention. Time is the
mighty consummator of all things ; in its dark
womb is hid the fate not only of dYnasties and
kingdoms, but of worlds. The Etoile is no wi-
zard, therefore,in proclaiming this deep discovery;
but the Etoile should have added that, of herself,
Spain cannot recover a single rood of ground in
the New World ; that the tyrant who now
tramples on that country possesses neither ships,
troops, money, resourcesf nor foreign credit ;
that, unassisted, he. could not now dispatch an
expedition against one of the Canary Isles ; but
,„that France has already suggested an expedition,
at her cost, to remunerate her in Mexico or Peru,
for her late vast expenditure within the Pyrenees ;
and that means are collecting now in Cadiz ulti-
mately to lit out such an armament, the colours
alone of ‘thich %Oil be Spanish. Whether this
armament will sail, 44 time and the hour" will yet
'slow it will if this country does not prevent it.

[MORNING HERALD.]
ft appears from letters received by the Dutch
Mail, that notice has been given at the Bank of
Amsterdam, of an advance in the rates of dis.
count, from three to five per cent. That esta-
blishment also declines for the present making
any advnnces on deposits of gold or silver bul-
lion. The current rate of interest in Amsterdam
for private discounts varies from seven to eight
per cent. The cause assigned for this sudden
increase in the value of money in Holland, is the
new Dutch Loan ; the greater part of which,
When the measure was first projected, was ex-
pected to have been been subscribed for in Eng.
land and other countries, but which, it is now
ascertained, must chiefly depend on the home
market for support.

[TUE Tutus.]
We learn from good authority, thht the Spanis
restored Government has at length been drive
the necessity of adopting some measures for
the maintenance of its credit in foreign countries;
though respecting the nature of those •mea-
tures, or the probability of their proving satis-
factory to the creditors, little can yet with
certainty be affirmed. othing could be more
decided, we understand, than the disposition
of Ferdinand and his Counsellors when he re-
entered the capital, to shake off all pecuni-
ary obligations incurred during the government
of the Cartes. To that end emissaries, of whom
M. Guebhard was one, were employed in
the different cities of Europe, to announce con-
tracts, and circulate obligations of the Royal
Government, one leading condition of which was
understood to he annulling wholly the Constitu-
tional loans. Rut thin impudent attempt to raise
money in the face of a disavowal of that common
principle of honesty by which all pecuniary
transactions should be governed, met with the
contempt it merited, and in all instances totally
failed. The next expedient of the Spanish Go-
vernment, who conceived this hopeful plan to have
miscarried, not through its own barefaced disho-
nesty, but through the want of respectability in the
agents, was to consult some of the more distinguish-
ed capitalists respecting its financial difficulties,
and to urge them to an undertaking similar to
that in which M. Guebhard had failed. But this
was rejected with Indignation, and the point
under consideration respecting the financial af-
fairs of Spain is now understood to be, what con.
cessions on the subject of the Constitutional loans
will induce the iipitalists of Europe to make
further advances of money to the restored Go-
vernment. As this may probably become a very
difficult and complicated question, some time may
elapse before it is decided in a manner satisfac-
tory to alt parties ; but this, according to the
latest accounts, was the situation of affairs at
Madrid.

NORNING CHRONICLE.]
We have additional reasons for believing that
it is tile ititention of King Ferdinand to submit

a consultation to his Council respecting a general'
amnesty, for the express purpose of obtaining a
negative answer, as a public sanction to the con-
duct be is now pursuing, and conformably to
the plan we yesterday stated. Canon Saez
is in favour of this scheme, and he now pos-
sesses more power than ever he did. When
Pozzo di Borgo first reached Madrid, it was
his intention to persuade the King to choose
a man better known and of a higher character
than the canon for Prime Minister ; but, as soon
as he became personally acquainted with him, his
opinion altered.. The Russian Diplomatist found
the Canon supported by all the Clergy, and
certain other indications led him to discover
that both in the character of the King's Con.
fessor and Prime Minister, he might be extremly
useful in promoting the views and interests of
his own Master. Some of the Grandees and
Courtiers were in favour of the nomination of
Labrador, as more experienced Statesman ;
their applications were, however, silenced from
the moment it was known that Saes was un•
der the protection of the Russian Envoy. A
material part of the mission of the latter to
Madrid relates to the affairs of South America;
and hence, it is concluded, that if any Congress
on this subject takes place in Paris (which is yet
very dubious), it certainly cannot meet so early
as has been announced, as it is expected Pozzo
di Borgo will take a leading part in all the dis-
cussions on this subject whenever they are
brought on the tapis ; and it would not be pos-
sible for his Excellency to quit the Spanish capi-
tal till after the middle of December. He has still
some important arrangements to make with the
Government of King Ferdinand, which he com-
plains moves very slowly, respecting bounda-
ries, cessions, and certain rights of navigation,
connected with the new acquisitions of the
Russians in the North Paciac, that already bor-
der on California. There appears at present to
be no demur to any thing the Russian Minister
may please to demand, so great is the debt of
gratitude King Ferdinand owes to so distinguished
a member of the Holy Alliance as the Emperor
of all the Missies, as well as to his representative
and negociator, who has the merit of having been
the most active and efficient instrument employed
to urge Louis XVIII. to undertake a war which in
the result has proved so successful, and besides re-
stored his Royal Relative to a power, in the exer-
cise of which he can dispose of half his " vast do-
minions. in the Now World, if lie so pleases, with-
out being obstructed or hereafter called to ac-
count by the impertinent framers of a Constitu-
tion, which established, as a fundamental law
of the land, " that no Sovereign should have the
power to alienate the smallest portion of the
Monarchy, without the previous consent of the
Cortes."

[3l ORNI N G POST.]
We expressed our regret yesterday that the
differences which had arisen between Captain
Willes, of his Majesty's ship Brazen, and the
Government of Buenos Ayres, should have in.
encased instead of being amicably settled. The
grounds of the misunderstanding are described in
a communication from Buenos Ayres, dated
Aug. 2-1, to be as follows V.*" The first offence
appears to have been given by this- Government,
or those acting under it, by the national brig in
the outer roads tiring a shot at the Brazen's boat,
when boarding an English merchant vessel (the
Minstrel) on arrival, the port regulations not
allowing any communication until the visit is made
by the Quarantine, or Custom-house boat from
the shore. Capt. Willes being on shore at the
time, the Commanding Officer of the Brazen
sent on board the brig to inform them, that if
another shot was fired, he should be obliged to
return it. The occurrence was soon known on
shore and shortly afterwards Captain Willes
waswaited upon by an Officer of the Govern-
ment, to desire that he would retire from the
town in two hours time, with which he complied,
and then addressed the Government, reporting
to them that the insults he had met with, and his
intention to resent the same unless a satisfactory
explanation was immediately made." In answer
to this, demand, M. de Rivadavia, the Minister for
the Home Department, and for Foreign Affairs,
invited Capt. Wiles to land, and have a verbal
conference upon the matter in dispute ; but this
Captain Wines refused to do, and in conse-
quence, the Buenos Ay res Government determined
to address itself to our Ministers at borne, while
Capt. Willes proceeded to act upon his view of
the case, and publicly notified " that he would
not allow any vessel to pass in or out of the har.•
hour, bearing the flag of Buenos Ayres, until
satisfaction was given him for the insults offered
to the British slag and himself." In this state the
matter rested, at the date of the last udvices
from Buenos Ayres. The English merchants
there, naturally alarmed at an occurence which
threatened to be attended with such prejudi.
cial consequences to their interests, held a pub.
lie meeting, and addressed a respectful memoria
to Captain Willes, urging him to accede to the
proposition of Rivadavia for a verbal conference
It seems, however, that Captain Willes dint no
feel himself justified in complying with this re
quest.

[N my' Times.]
The question of the disphte between Captain
Wines and the Buenos Ayres.Governrnent at•
tracts much attention, and greatly divides opi-
nion in the City. We apprehend that any
decision on the question would at present
be premature ; but we perfectly agree with. The
,4'ourier that there is prima facie evidence.
that Captain Wines was right, because he
Is abused by, 'The Morning' C 1 The
interests of the British merchants trading with
Buenos Ayres undobtedly demand every consi-
deration ; but' we are convinced that they would
be among' the htst men to require a compro-
mise of 'the National dignity, without the main-
tenance of which indeed our commercial supe-
riority would soon cease to exist. It cannot
be forgotten how loudly The Chronicle clamoured
about the honour of the British flag, when the
question, was whethey our merchant vessels were
to be allowed to break the noticed and actual
blockade of Cadiz; but now that a I3uenos Ayres
Ibrig begins by (Irb-, at, att English boat proceed•
in& from an Enalisl7 vessel of war to an Eng.