The Sun.
London, England, 1824-06-30 00:00:00

HOP INTELLIGENCE.

CANTriBuRY, Jui:c 28.—The Hop-grounds in this dis.
trict have seldom exhibited greater signs of a plentezus crop
than at present—they are clear of vermin, the bine is uncom-
monly strong, and tile growth just now extremely rapid. -
BOROUGH, JUNE 28. Our accounts state that the
strong bines have made some progress, but at least one half
of the Plantations are very weak, uneven, and short of
bine, and in some gardens white mould has appeared, which is
likely to encrease : the effects of the late heavy and cold rains
are already sensibly felt on the low grounds, many of which
are turned yellow at the bottoms ; but the injury they have
sustained will show itself more clearly in a week or ten days.
At Maidstone the duty is estimated at 100,0001., but in the
Borough, the letters in favour of a crop, rate it as high as
125,0001.
111AIDS,TONE, JUNE 24.—We have this last week experi-
enced a great deal of wet cold, unkind weather, notwithstand-
ing which the Hops have retained their colour, and look much
better than could be exnected : the fly does not
is seem much to
increase; as there is very little talk about vermin, still ti.e ge-
neral opinion against the duty.

BRITISH SiP RITS.—The reduction in the duty'
imposed on the Spirits made in Scotland has caused an inr-
mense increase of the quantity produced ; and the rise in the
duty on spirits distilled in Ireland has operated as pus: erfuily
in reducing the quantity made. By the Returns sent to Parlia-
ment, it appears that in the twenty weeks ending on the first
Saturday. in March, 1822, 1,123,718 gallons werenaade in Scot-
land, and 2,084,607 gallons were made in Ireland; while dur-
ameper
period in
dnatnhe pornelsyenlt,l747o,d,A gallons in Irelane.lo43gallons were
producedil'gthesame
in Scotland,
In the year 182'21 the. foreign tonnage impor el
into the Port of London amounted tv 106,099
,2
tons; and during the last year (18 3), by the
Parliamentary papers, it was 161,705 tons.

r

P

IRE LONDON JOURNALS.

DAILY
Extracts from the Morning Papers, Jana 30.

[BRITISH PRESS.]
Intelligence from Mexico, via New York, was
received yesterday, down to the 13th ult. The
choice of Dictator has fallen upon Gen. Bravo,
who has given so many proofs of his entire de-
votion to the liberties and independence of his
country. Little apprehension seemed to exist as
to the enterprise of I turbide. The Mexican Go-
vernment, in the fullness of its security, had
sent several detachments of troops to Carthagena,
in order to assist its Ally, the Colombian Re-
public, which is nearly drained of its native
forces by the expedition to Peru, The utmost
tranquillity prevailed throughout the Mexican
territory whevhe last advices left it. We may
conclude, the-efore, that the energetic measures
of the Government had restored public con-
fidence, and repressed the hopes of the fac-
tions. Campeachy had acceded to the Mexican
federation ; and General Santana had gone
thither to take the command.- It is under-
stood, that in consequence of the favourable
complexion of the last dispatches from Mr. Her-
vey, it is the intention of his Majesty's Govern-
ment, that Mr. Ward, who had recently returned
from Mexico, should proceed on another mission
to that country. These appearances all strongly
indicate the opinion entertained in the highest
quarters, as to the consolidation of the Mexican
Government, and lead us to expect more confi-
dently that the period of its recognition by
England will not be so long delayed as some
of those whose judgments we generally re-
spect suppose. The private letters of yester-
day announce, that some able and active ad-
venturers have formed a new mining company in
Mexico. While the English and French asso-
ciations were publishing their prospectuses, these
enterprising rivals sent agents through the United
States, and secured several valuable mines for
themselves. We know not how this fact may
affect the price of the Anglo Mexican shares,
but we think it affords matter of just reproach
by the subscribers against the managers of this
project. From Lima we hear that a levy of
6,000 troops was in progress, to enable Bolivar
to take the field against the Spaniards, with a
decided superiority of force, should the pending
negotiation not terminate successfully.

DiouNnii-o POST.]
French Papers to the 28th instant:, with the
Etoile of Monday, arrived last night by Express.
They have brought us the Reports of the two
Commissionsappointed to examine the charges con-
tained in the Budget for 1825, and the Ways and
Means by which those charges are to be met.—
The amount required is rated at 808,933,1801. in
which the Commission proposes a reduction of
950,0001. The total of the Ways and Means is
899,510,2831. which leaves a surplus of about
1,170,203 f. over the expences. This sum, how-
ever, cannot be produced, we are told, without
some " amelioration," that is to say, some height-
ening of the taxes, which will render the 'r
less popular than that of last yenr,-Vihen no in-
crease of taxation took place. The Reports were
ordered to he printed and distributed to the
Members, but no day was fixed for their,
consideration, on account of the number of other
laws now occupying the attention of the Cham-
bers. The Etoile, which has hia;erto displayed
much hostility to the noble cause of Greece,
gives the following intelligence, whi.plt we hope
may prove correct, as it wmad show, not only
that the Captain Pacha's first attempt had failed,
put that the force under his command, however
exaggerated by report, was not strong enough to
allow him to undertake any important operations.
--("S'ee another column of THE SUN.)

[MORNING CHRONICLE.]
The. < Lisbon letters, received yesterday, by
the packet, mention•no political fact of import-
ance ; but several which we have seen allude to
the great discontent which prevails in conse-
quence of the great disappointment felt through-
out the country on the appearance of the Am-
nesty Decree, and the convocation of the old
Cortes—measures which,it was expected, would
plunge the country into still greater confusion.—
These measures have given the Queen's party a
great triumph, as the King has never had any
sincere friends but the Coestitutionalists, and
they have been alienated by the late vindictive
measures adopted against them. The Lisbon Ga-
zetteL noss actively employed in defending,or pal-
liating, the late conduct of the Infante Don Mi-
guel, and his partisans do not hesitate to give out,
that in a very few weeks he will again be at the
seat of action, when his complete triumph will be
inevitable.

[NEW Tunes.]
Why does the viper of The Times continue to
gnaw the file Mr. Canning's conduct, he says,
is " shuffling- and suspicious"---and why ? Be-
cause he did not precipitate this•country into a
war for the Spanish Cortes. What ! did not
The-Times itself reproach these very Cortes with
being the Most despicable of mankind, for pot de-
fending Cadiz more heroically .?Mr. Canning
preserved England from war on that occasion,
and he had the thanks of the country for so
doing. Ile is now pursuing the same wise policy;
he is steadily refusing to join in the, continental
scheme of crushing the South AmeriCan States ;
but he is equally cautious not to engage us in war
for the sake of we knoW hot whom. The Times
admits that the accounts first transmitted by Mr.
Harvey were not very favourable ; in other words,
that he represented the country to which 'he was
sent to be distracted and convulsed with civil
-wfir. And The- Times, the very Journal that
states this fact, infers from it, by a logic pecu-
liarly its °An, that Mr. Canning ought at once
to cornwilt his Majesty's Government to the sup-
port of the faction that may happen at the mo-
ment to he upperniot in South America! No,
let us look.on watchfully; let us be ready to ally
ourselves with the new states whenever they can
word us a guarantee that the scheme is not
Quixotic ; but until then let us remember that

the great, the leading, and prevailing policy of
his Majesty's Government is and ought to be
Peace.

[MORNING lIERALD.]

Few subjecis have attracted more attention
lately, than the powers intrusted to Magistrates,
and the way in which those powers have been
used. In proportion as the bulk of the people
become informed, the distance between them and
their rulers becomes less ; and therefore, as the
one becomes more prying and inquisitive, the
latter ought to be more intelligent, circumspect,
and upright. Of the Magistracy in general, we
could wish to speak with respect ; but we fear it
is in vain to deny that they have of late lost ground
with the people. The institution of Justices of the
Peace is one of the earliest features of our free
Constitution ; and the people have had a right to
expect, and have heretofore found, that, taken
for the most part from among themselves, this
body of men were their safe and legitimate
guardians. In former times, it is true, there was
something ludicrous attached to the character of
a Country Justice; aid from Shakspeare and
Ben Jonson downwards, he has been made the
butt of theatrical wit ; but still there was nothing
mischievous about him, and the people at large
looked up to him as the ready dispenser of jus-
tice, and the every-day arbitrator of their every-
day grievances. The Game Laws unfortunately
first converted the protector into the oppressor ;
and the vast power with which modern statutes
have invested them, has given this part of the
Magistracy an importance in society,which has ren-
dered them a blessing or a curse, in proportion
as their knowledge and integrity on the one hand,or
their ignorance or subserviousness on the other,'
have marked them out as fit or unfit for their si-
tuation. Whether their duties might not have
been limited, or whether it has been necessary to
clothe them with the powers they now possess, is
more than we take upon ourselves to determine;
but one thing seems quite clear, that as those du-
ties became more arduous and important, so it
the mote behoved those in whom their appoint-
ment rested " to lay hands suddenly on no man."
The appointment to the Magistracy has however,
in most counties, become a mere feather, which
the different Lords Lieutenant have treated as
lightly as its name imports, and every indolent,
consequential person, or any one for whom any
thing had a charm but his own proper occupa-
tion, have on a sudden found themselves tran-
slated to the Bench, and made the dispensers of
laws which they had never troubled themselves
to read or understand. In the metropolis the
evil was long since felt, and a distinct Magis-
tracy appointed. Whether that has been alto-
gether what might have been expected we will
not now inquire ; but had the same circumspec-
tion been used in the appointment of Magistrates
generally, much of the odium under which the
whole body now labours, would, we believe,
have been avoided.

rTHE TIMES.]

The Lisbon Gazette .of the 18th inst. produces
an official copy of the convention.conclutied to.

"te7,crafsof the Portuguese and Brazilian troops,
for the evacuation of Monte Video by the former
in favour of the latter, together
.with other docu-
ments relative to that event. These pieces are
introduced by a. history of the military occupa-
tion of that fortress by the forces of his Faithful
Majesty, from the beginning of the year 1817, till
near tin* end of the year 1823 ; a defence of the
grounds on which that measure was justified ;
and a display of the advantages to which
it gave rise. Artigas,. the partizan chief, we are
told, possessed at that time the eastern bank Of
the, Plata, and the revolutionary spirit with which
the opposite bank was animated, together with
the continued hostilities which prevailed between
them, threatened the tranquillity of the Brazilian
frontier. His Most Faithful Majesty, therefore,
out of his eminent anxiety to preserve the peace
of his own dominions, and his unceasing regard
_to
the rights of his brother Ferdinand, of Spain,
just took possession of a fort, a port, and a
large, territory, for the common advantage of,
all concerned. To be sure, brother Ferdinand
was not quite convinced of the disinterested views
and benevolent objects of placing Portuguese
garrisons in Spanish fortresses, and did make a
little clamour on the occasion , at the Congress of,'
Aix-la-Chapelle, and the Courts of the Holy
Alliance ; but he was, no doubt, answered satis-
factorily, as he never invaded Portugal-to recover,
Monte Video. When the empire of Brazil, was
established by declaring the 'late colonies of his
Faithful Majesty independent of Portugal, the
Imperial Government found as cogent reasons for
occupying the eastern bank of the Plata as that
of his Faithful Majesty had formerly done, and
therefore, just to preserve the tranquillity of its
frontier, ordered the Portuguese forces to eva-
cuate the country. The latter did not imme-
diately see the justice of this command ; and
therefore, in order to preserve the peace in which
both parties professed to be so deeply interested,
hostilities commenced between them. On the
restoration of the King of Portugal to absolute
power last summer, he sent out instructions to the
few points on the coast of America where his'
power was still acknowledged, to cease warfare ;1
and the capitulation of Monte Video is ascribed,
in some degree, to these Oraers. It is a remark_
able inconsistency in the Lisbon Gazette history of
hese transactions, that the Portuguese troops who'
stood out for a year, against the forces. of Brazil
are praised, for their fidelity to the Constitutional
Government, which. at the same time. is called
intrusive authority, and for resisting temptations'
to join the Brazilian cause, which, by their capi-
tulation, they were commanded to leave
triumphant. The very title of. the Convention is
a curiosity in aCrOvernment Journal published
at Lisbon, being:no other than the following :
" A treaty between the Commanders of the
" forces.of his :IClos.tFOthful Majesty, and his
" Majesty the Emperor of Brazil in the cis-
c; Pltttino State." We are aware that this might
.be the original rttbrick of the document, as it was
signed on the banks of the Plata, but was it ne-
ces;ary so to publish it on the banks of the
Tagus ?