The Sun.
London, England, 1840-12-12 00:00:00

--qVENING ED ITION .

,00ti
re ago, that found in the Guardian a more
:I"°,4"'da,rd hitter onnorient than in any of Chi.
jr--.:,rY,Petnals. The middle class Whigs of the
,H',l'll'acturing districts generally took the same
and were vehement in demanding severe
-1111surts to put down the talking Chartists. In
~,Pll4llce with their retnonstrances, such measures
traken, noisy Chartism was suppressed, and
though comparatively silent, discontent
hatred have supplied its place.
is Plain front these, and several similar facts
el are matter of every day observation, that the
4f
,11:411 Act, which gratified the middle classes, has
qd Irluch to reconcile them to the aristocrat),
• augment, if it have not caused, enmity between
,a'al the working classes. The sharing the
iln4,ges of representation, giving Members to
Birmineham, etc., and admitting all
Vci
householders to the franchise, which
tr t
hoil • opposed by the Toties, have in
pr
toted the present safety of the aristocracy.
4'4 the Reform Act the middle and lower
es wouid have continued firmly united, and
Church-rates, with every other
{{or 'tell both classes feel to be a grievance, would
41,te note have been abrogated, or the govern-
"evolutionized.
'tlt"urY abounds with proofs that the very re-
of what statesmen expected from their laws
mine to nass, and neither Whigs nor Tories
tiated from the Reform Act that it would at
'it4rid the same time preserve and strengthen the
er'ey for a season, and hasten on a revolution—
l(ls that which threatens the empire at no dis
aY"---growing wholly from the lower classes,
Out
any aristocratic leaders. Whether they
\iltleceed, or whether the union of the middle
t
and the aristocracy, caused by the Reform
tigill end in a regulated Austrian despotism,
ttfe'ld not to say, but the avowed separation
t 4 I
OWer from the middle classes, the course-
, ';,° of the Reform Act, undoubtedly carries
the s,etis of a great revolution, while it has
meantime fortified the ruling powers.
trace something like this separation of the
r'tr,44 from the lower classes in the Journals of
'" kttropolis. The Whig Newspapers, we regret
longer join us in contending for popular
and are either silent when the best of our
4e,
'the liberty of free printing and free dis-
ik'l'sare exposed to persecution, or they make
Itclitions of the lower classes appear justi-
lik bY mocking at their meetings, and their
Pt
'ill ongenteel and uncouth attempts to
lemselves. Some part of the press,
Used to be the warmest advocates
411 e rights of the people, now prides
11 treading in the footsteps of the 'Tory
111;:ie: and the Tory Post, in the palmy days of
otti Toryism. The Tory Journals have not
et,
Athe friends of popular rights, but the Re-
"lttill et seems to have converted some Whig
to be their enemies, affording proofs
(4-tk6 in the instances we, have quoted in the
.t,fl°f that increasing and fatal alienation of the
_
oght
With the middle classes, which we consider so
danger.
to
hp' a comparatively modern period the people
country considered themselves free. They
,;(1t 3 4
(If their liberties. England was the land of
tr(it°' True or false this faith was the safe-
'the of the throne, the guardian of the privileges
Ylhe aristocracy, and the security of the property
114 middleclasses. It made the task of ruling the
tll:c°4lparatively easy. The people paid taxes
tht,i; goad grace, Lowed their necks cheerfully to
,Iral yoke, and worked gaily in the harness of
Iwtlstocracy and the Church. That faith has
xtlt\tally disappeared. It has been supplanted
`cle he
hold r, which every day acquires a firmer and
ePer •
hey of the minds of the working classes.
(101-iger glory in their liberties, no longer
'klo4'ugland as a land of freedom,
but proclaim
l'tlp at their meetings, and whisper it secretly
4't1.14t themselves, that they are the slaves, the
ttt,thralls, the hewers of wood and drawers of
°f the rest of the community.
thefe
know not that any proof can be required of
act
' Which seems to us apparent in every Char-
tkl)tib!eti"g and in every Chartist speech. At the
same
'Ae may state that in a recent nu Cher of
"• ' Patriot we find an article entitled
fat 't
th is to be free," the writer of which enter-
is( new political faith, and sets it out for his
t 3 by
tet enemy instances. We quote one passage
ot:iier..lhing that. true freedom consists in free-
i3ught, speech, and action, lie says—
h-,`"l arty no genuine freedom in a country which
upholds laws for the very purpose of
4*Oktl4l; ?(1 maintaining unnatural and invidious dis-
klt4. 4-4100 g the inhabitants of that country. Free-
ilz°4l "loch holier thing than to consist is working
of death, and that upon the scantiest possible
tyll,lty„. necessaries of life, nine-tenths of the corn-
.;l4viir,l order that the other fractional part may
a 5 thltrlcloie; v'ealth, flaunt in all the trappings of pride, 101 l
i!lzia,,te and ease, and enjoy every gratification that
4 or caprice. may desire.
~p~}a~reater number of the hapless beings that
,make
IR4O call the British population, enjoy no political
Nl.4l:te ,atever, except in so far as their tyrannic
Ot4f, silasters may deem fit to accord them for their
4Ylor;tl.llnd advantage. Class legislation bas accord-
ueed its legitimate fruits. It has beggared the
q,:rett'_l34Y, four•fifths of the community, and overloaded
cc,tt:ith enormous wealth. It is for this reason that
ve,ol4allinner, the weavdr, the common !about er, and
Yttoritoe Irish puaant,ninst toil incessantly from Mon-
piropt4l4tillSaturday night, without ever enjoying one
illllo4eT.,le meal, without enjoying almost a single one
°l4 4'essings and privileges, bodily and mental, front
~,.rj4teo a
tl!al'onal being should never be disjoined. In
°lee of this, the great mess of the people are
'thro, that they can glvt: their children no education
~btiwhat barely enables them to pick up a scanty
Op4t lehPe like themselves, and thus an effectual barrier
vtl
41,,_ to their farther advancement. in life. A phy-ical
til°Doly, imposed by bad laws and vicious sy,stems of
Nrnment, has stripped the people of these countries
a,rational and moral freedom of mind. Their limbs
fettered with chains ; but Acts of Parliament
tat' strip them of their earnings, and sink them to
°ltof beasts of burden, take from them all freedom
‘te',tll,lilibt and action ; and, while apparently free, they
I,hitii'lleed to the most abject of all bondage, that
created by their own wants and necessities.
freedom is like that of a man upon a rock of the
:Si; „Ile is at liberty to depart from his desolate
„f 44)
without the weans of transport ; he must
01'Ut
tl the rock to perish among the waves.
the
tbit 'act is, then, from whatever cause produced,
aid the P.lti •
cal faith of the people has undergone
is
hqt yet undergoing a great change. To ex-
ktk t°
govern them as easily, and by the same
' now that they declare themselves slaves
th are resolved to struggle for freedom, as when
t°lk efl'lleved themselves free, is as unwise as
aid a resolute and a determined enemy armed
It'veikiwerful' with the same confidence as a be-
Aoli trusted friend. Faith is all-powerful in
tit as Well as religion. One faith built up
1)y gaols greatness, but it has now been supplanted
41t141 °L4r, which threatens to splinter it into
4 fort,'
4tiki in its destruction, as in its rearing,
Ti,,,ng illustration of the power of politicial faith.
%tii,,;',lleople now believe themselves to be slaves :
'Pp; 6 must be done to restore them to the
141 Or faith of their fathers. As the Reform Act
014'.
..'t),l"llisted the middle classes on the side of the
I,`llteo:2l,tititiuni a similar Act, incorporating in it the
412 -'assesi would have a similar effect. Believ-
_ the
.;104(iv k;4tr illselves to be slaves, they cannot be quietly
1118 Heil ; and that they so now believe is an all-
,
nt and undoubted fact, which should be the
-- of .
1 future legislation.

Royal Agricultural Society of England
we are
.told, " a prize of ten sovereigns,
flopste of plate of that vale, for the best direc-
° "able labourers. tou
prepare wholesome,

autrition.f, and palatable food, in the most econo• '
mical and ea 9 manner." So the Agricultural
Society thii;k it advantageous to have nutritious
crud palatable food provided in the most economical
and easy manner. It offers a reward for the in•
vention. We claim it. Repeal the Corn-laws,
which will make nutritious and palatable food
cheap and easy to procure. The landowners object
to the repeal that it will make nutritious and palat-
able food cheap, and they at the same time offer,
most inconsistently, a reward to attain the same ob-
ject. We have always contended against the
Corn-laws that they were opposed to the course of
society, the object of all the struggles of inven-
tive genius—all of which tend to supply food
at a cheaper rate ; and now we have the Royal
Agricultural Society—composed of landlords who
maintain the Corn-laws to make nutritious and
palatable food dear—justifying our view, by offering
a reward for the discovery of a means of making it
cheap. What a mockery is this of themselves, of
their partizans, and ti..e whole community ! How
shall a house stand which is thus divided against

itself'? How shall the landlords escape contempt,
as well as hatred, who thus brand their own con-
duct ? How will the Legislature be respected,
after this condemnation of the odious and unjust
plan for making food dear by those for whose in-
terest, the price is enhanced ?

The French Journals of Thursday contain no
interesting news save details of the removal of the
remains of NAPOLEON, an ample account of which
will be found in another part of The Sun. The
Coarrier Francais, following in the wake of the
National, makes this ceremony a handle for the
most foul and rancorous abuse of this country ;
but having already pointed out that such malignant
calumnies reflect disgrace upon their authors, not
upon England, we shall here pass them over un-
noticcd.
The note purporting to be addressed by the
Spanish Government to that of France, of which
a copy appeared in the London Journals of Tues-
day last, turns out to be a forgery.
The Eastern question, or rather the war-at-any-
price question, continues to engage the attention of
the French Journals. There is nothing in their
remarks, however, which calls for any immediate

notice_
The Moniteur of the 10th of December has no offs'
cial part.
It is affirmed that the Ministry has received today
detailed accounts of the circumstances which induced
the Paella of Egypt to make his submission.
Tile Ministry has also received positive information
respecting the advantage gained by the English in their
expedition against China.— Univers.
If we may give credit to some letters from the Levant,
it should seem that Ibrahim Pacha is inclined not to
obey the orders to retreat sent to him from Alexandria.
But this information is dated at a time when he could
not faresce the complete submission of Mehemet Ali ;
yet it cannot be denied that the events which have just
passed, in consequence of the intervention of the Euro-
pean Powers, ma; create serious discontent among the
old Mussulmans. Ibrahim, by placinghimself at the head
of the discontented, might cause unexpected. embarrass-
ment, for the English power can do nothing beyond the
coast, and the Turks behold with grief what is passing.
A letter from Constantinople. of the 17th November,
sa)s, that the population of that city, and of all Turkey,
are in a state of fermentation, and look with displeasure
on the events in Syria. It is even said that four regi-
ments have mutinied in Asia Minor, one of them can-
toned at Kutagah, assassinated all its efficers on receiv-
ing orders to march.—Le Commerce.
Great difficulty is experienced at the present moment
in getting the electors of Paris to come and vote for
the mayors and deputy mayors in the several arrondisse-
mens. It appears by a circular from the Prefect that
though the bureaux for issuing the electoral cards have
been open more than a week, only 1,800 electors, out
of 22,200 have conic forward to exercise their privilege.
The Prefect of Police has addressed a circular letter
to the mayors, deputy mayors, commissaries of police,
and inspectors of weights and measures, whereby, after
referring them to the provisions of the Royal ordonnance
of the 17th of April, 18'39, as to their t:roceeding against
all persons who may contravene the law for establishing
the new metrical and decimal system, states that the pre-
scribed denominations are frequently used in the jour-
nals, and public advertisements, and other notices, and
he therefore calls on them to take means for preventing
public criers, auctioneers, &e., from employing any de-
nominations of weights and measures except those
authorised by the laws. The Prefect also warns edi-
tors of journals that they will expose themselves to
fines if they suffer any advertisements to be inserted in
their papers containing any of the denominations which
have be.en prohibited.
The collection ordered by the Archbishop of Paris
to be made by the clergy within his diocese for the
relief of tlie sufferers from the inundations amounts to
forty thousand francs.
The Pepin steamer has sailed from Toulon for the
Levant.
The Minister of War has appointed a Commission
of Goneral Officers, under the presidency of Marshal
the Duke of Reggio, to consider of the claims for in-
sertion of names hitherto omitted in the lists of officers,
victories, &c., inscribed on the Arc de l'Etoile.
Licut.-Colonel Firffe dc Lievreville, of the 59th Re-
giment of the line, has been promoted to be Colonel of
the 4th cf the line, and Lieut.-Colonel Lebreton, of
the 05th, to be Colonel of the 22d.
BO URSE.—Paras, THURsDAY, DEC. 10.
f irst Highest Lowest Last
Price Price. Price. Price
French f, per Cents lll 90 111 90 ... 111 Se .... 11918 50
4, per Lent
3 per cents 7B %8 77 65 ... 77 65
&to. of ranee
Laffitte Lank 1,00(11. Sh lO6O 601060 _IMO
50.601. Sr arcs 5160 ... 5,60 -.5160
Belgian Bank
51,,er 98 ... ... 58
New Loan
Active.
uuhPassive 5.% ...
Portuguese 3 per Cents
Neapolitan
11,,rnari O9X, ... 99
RAILWAY SHARES,
St. Uerrnain
Ye It, IS
s.
295 300 295 ... 21• C
Orlans 4;.,8 75 483 75 338 75 488 75
B:rashurg to Bale 24.5 145 .. 245

Madrid Papers of the 3d instant hare reached
us. The Regency had decided that the request of
the Infante Don FRANCISCO DE PAULA to be
declared guardian of Queen ISABELLA 11, was in-
admissible.

A new journal has appeared under a title bor-
rowed from our Contemporary the Times. It is
called the Thunderer. It has published a carica-
ture representing EsPARTERO having swallowed
the contents of two goblets, termed the throne and
constitution, and then exclaims, " There is nothing
left !"
The Five per Cents. were 261,- for cash.

KNAVISH TRICKS.—A Tory paper, called the Glas-
gow Courier, published, without acknowledgment some
days ago, an article which appeared in the Sun on the
Ist of December, with the heading " Naval Command-
ers at Acre." This has been copied into the Times,
the Standard, the Morning Advertiser, as originally fur-
nished by the provincial paper, and a portion of it into
the Chronicle, without any acknowledgment whatever.
We should not have noticed the Glasgow theft, but we
cannot pass over without remark the unfairness of re-
spectable London papers giving that journal credit for
an original article to which it has no claim. We trust
our northern Contemporary, who occasionally makes
great noise about religion and morality, will confess,
crave pardon, and apply to us for absolution.
'FRB TIMES AND THE NAVY.—The Thunderer can
no longer hurl a bolt by his own hand at the " Minto
Board," Every one of his late attempts have been
fir more harmless than boys' crackers. They have
burnt nobody but himself or his own friends, and the
mighty god is now laughed at as a powerless, but
would-be-mischievous urchin, who cries at his own im-
potence, while he is smarting under deserved punish-
ment. Yesterday the Thundcrer employed a journey-
man ; but the sub-Thunderer, as he grinned with ma.
lice, instead of a bolt flung forth a paltry squib.
" 'lucre is much crowing," said the scribe, who, tired
of writing about the ports, has now taken to write
about the garriions of France," amongst the Ministerial
Prcs3 about the affair of Acre, and a sneer at the
French navy." He tries to stop the crowing, by quoting
Cii,trnock, to prove
the in the year 1690, the French
could fit out a fleet almost as fast as the English. He
is a wonderfully clever man. To throw discredit on
the English navy at present, he proves that the French
were as far advanced in naval skill as the English la
1690. He forgets what has happened since. Till the
commencement of the revolutionary war, France con-
tended stoutly against England on the sea, and though
the victory was generally on our side, it was not de-
cisive, complete, and effectual, till after the Ist of June.
Since the battle of Trafalgar the French have had
plenty of time to practise fitting out ships without much
experience at sea. Even admitting their present skill