The Sun.
London, England, 1841-08-20 00:00:00

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to render themselves still more conversant with that

science,—
The Rev. Mr. HARVIE, of Glasgow, seconded the reso.
lution. The Reverend Gentleman read several state-
ments regarding the locality with which he was con-
' fleeted. It appeared that there was a vast extent of suf-
fering, the consequence of which was a great and ra-
pidly increasing demoralization in the habits of the
people. After soma energetic remarks on the impor-
tance:of increasing. and indefitigable exertions in protir-
ing, an abolition of the Corn-laws,
The CuArnmAN put the resolution, and it was carried
unanimously.
The Rev. Dr. RITCHIE, of Edinburgh, moved the
next resolution to the following effect :—" That,
lieving the law of Almighty God, as revealed in his
Word; ought to be in all cases the rule of human action,
that any allowed deviation from it, either in individual con-
duct, or in the affairs of nations, must incur the Divine
displeasure—and convinced that a monopoly in bread is
anti-Christian in its principle, this Conference, while it
seeks the abolition of the provision laws on other high
and important grounds; more especially deprecates their
continuance as a great national offence against that Being
by whom kings reign, and princes decree justice." It
anrcled him great pleasure to address so immense and
augmt an assembly. He had laboured for forty years
for the abolition of slavery, and had happily lived to see
the success of his efforts.—(Cheers.) The cause of hu-
manity was involved in the great question they were met
to discuss. The Corn-laws must be abolished, and upon
religious principles he protested against their longer con-
tinuance.—(Cheers.)
The resolution was
.seconded by the Rev. JERONE
CLAPP, of Appledore, Devon, put from the Chair, and
agreed to nem. con. - •
The Rev. Mr.' GILES, of Leeds, came forward amidst
loud cheers to move the next resolution :—" That the
laws which restrict the importation of the prime neces-
saries of life are, in the judgment of this Conference,
essentially and manifestly unjust, and operate with pecu-
liar hardship on the operative classes, by at once limit-
ing the market for the disposal of the fruits of their
labour, and raising the price of food when they are least
able to procure it." The history of the Corn-laws was
a piece of unmitigated injustice. The very year the
Highlanders were starving for food, no less than 956
quarters of Russian corn were thrown into the river,
having been kept for two years in bond and become unfit
for use. After explaining the system of juggling in fix-
ing the corn averages, practised by the corn-factors in
Mark-lane, the Reverend Gentleman entered fully into
the nature and effect of the-Corn-laws, and Showed their
injurious influence upon all classes of society, both at home
and abroad, and resumed his seat amidst loud cheers.
The Rev. Mr. ARCHER, from Antrim, Ireland, came
forward, and was very warmly received. The wages of
the common labourer in' the part of the country from
which he came, were no more than from three shillings
to five shillings and sixpence a week—(Hear, hear)—and
the amount of wages, so far from increasing, was conti-
nually diminishing. He could hire ten, twenty, or thirty
labourers in his flock at five pence a day, and almost any
number could be had for ten pence a day. They might
figure to themselves the condition of the families of such
unfortunate men. He was asked whether the wages did
not rise sometimes ? His reply was, no, they never rise.
—(Hear, hear.) The proprietors of the soil never,
under any circumstances rose the wages.—(Cries of
" Hear, hear.") That was .a plain statement of facts
which would carry conviction to every honest breast.
The venerable gentleman resuming his seat, was greeted
with the warmest acclamation.
The ReV. T. SWAN, of Birmingham, then addressed
the Conference. The facts which had been mentioned
that day were sufficient to cause the very granite stones
to cry out. They proved that millions of white slaves
were to be found in this country. Their task was, if
possible, to emancipate these slaves.(Cheers.) He was
sent there by the unanimous vote of a church of 800
members, and his venerable brother Morgan was sent by
a unanimous vote of 600.—(Hear, hear.) Their people.
were in advance of them. He was, to his shame he ac-
knowledged it, wafted.into that august assembly on the
wave of popular will.—(Cheers.) . . .
The resolution was then carried.
The Rev. Mr. M'KEanow intimated that Mr. George
Thompson would address them to-morrow—(Cheers)--
and that Mr. O'Connell was also expected.—(Cheers.)
The Rev. Tiros. ATKINSON read the next resolution:—
That in the undeniable fact of the reciprocal depen-
dence of the several branches of the human family, this
Conference, recognising the admirable provision of the
All-wise, Beneficent Creator for. securing their indivi-
dual happiness, maintaining their peaceful intercourse,
and enhacing their collective welfare, in consequence
feels itself solemnly bound to declare its uncompromis-
ing hostility to those legislative enactments; which pre-
vent the ever-increasing population of this country from
exchanging the products of their manufacturing industry
and skill, which they are especially enabled to preffer,
for food which they so much need, and which other
countries are so well able and most anxious to give-in re-
turn for them."
It was seconded by the Rev. Mr. EDWARDS, of Not-
tingham, and carried unanimously.
The following resolutions were then respectively pro-
posed,
and beingseconded, were agreed to unanimously:—
" That no effectual relief can be supplied either by
parochial assessments or the benefactions of private or
associated charity, that the necessary remedy for the
existing distress is full employment and adequate remu-
neration ; and that it is vain to hope to elevate the la-
bouring classes from their present depression so long
as the existing system of provision laws continue to in-
terpose between the bounty of God and the necessities of
his creatures."
" That this Conference, deeply interested in the main-
tenance of the various benevolent and religious institu-
tions which exist in our country, and which depend for
their support on the general prosperity of the commu-
nity, is penetrated with the conviction that the resources
of many of those institutions have been already materially
affected by the prevailing distress, and fears that unless
that distress be speedily and effectually alleviated, Chris-
tians, instead of enlarging, tnust contract their sphere of
benevolence."
Thanks were then voted to the Chairman, and the 1
Conference broke up at a late hour.

IRELAND.
MR. O'CONNELL IN DROGHEDA.

DROGHEDA, TWELVE O'CLOCK, MONDAY NIGHT.—
Mr. O'Connell arrived here to-day shortly before three
o'clock, to attend a meeting that had been convened by
the inhabitants, to petition for a repeal of the Legisla-
tive Union. The Honourable and Learned Gentleman
was also invited to a public entertainment got up by the
patriotic trades of Drogheda, which took place this
evening at the Linen-hall. He left Dublin at eight
o'clock in the morning, accompanied by Tom Steele
and Mr. O'Neill Daunt, and at Balbriggan, and other
places along the line of road, the party were met by
thousands of the country people, who greeted Mr.
O'Connell and his friends with the most enthusiastic
shouts of acclamation. In the town of Drogheda
the houses were decorated with laurels and evergreens.
Every street and alley wore a verdant appearance.
The procession returned from where it met Mr. O'Con-
nell in the same order as it had left the town ; and
about half-past two reached the West-gate, when the
numbers assembled amounted to upwards of twenty
thousand. The whole cortege then proceeded to the
Merchant's-quay, opposite the shipping, where a large
platform was erected for the accommodation of the
speakers.
Mr. O'Connell was attired in the Volunteer uniform,
and appeared in excellent health and spirits.
On the motion of JOSEPH M'CANN, Esq., seconded by
Mr. JOHN COLLINS, Nicholas Boylan, Esq., J. P., of Hil-
townhouse, was called to the chair amid loud cheers.

The first resolution wits proposed by Mr. B. B. STAF
FORD and seconded by Mr. O'DONEGAN.•
- --

Mr. O'CONNELL came forward amidst loud cheers to
address the assembly. The Hon. Member said, I come
here to-day to begin the agitation of the Repeal of the
Legislative Union.—(Loud cheers.) Every thing we
have done hitherto is as nothing compared to that vital
question.—(Cheers.) The Whig party are virtually out
of office ; in the course of three weeks they will be en-
tirely out of office, and the Tories will be in power. One
thing, blessed be Heaven, and one thing alone remains

for is, and that is the Repeal.—(flea-r
and cheers.)
How many of you are' Repealers ?—(Cries of "All,
all !") Then hurrah for the Repeal.—(Renewed cheer-
ing.) My purpose was always the same.—(Hear.) I
was a Precursor fbr Repeal, because many and many an
honest and conscientious man told me that we would get
from England, and an English Parliament, all Ireland
wanted—that if we only asked multitudinously for those
measures of relief which Ireland wanted, an English
Parliament would grant them to us. Well, I made
the experiment, and Ireland backed me in my exertions.
The charm now is over—there is no longer any expecta-
tion of getting anything from a Whig Ministry, and
every honest man must now rally round me in locking
for the repeal.—(Cheers.) I want to know what chance
we have if we look to an Imperial Parliament for re-
dressing our grievances.—(Hear.) The first great griev-

ance is-the 'Church nuisance. In Ireland the Church
temporalities are in the hands of a fraction of the people.
—(hear.) They say they believe us to be in error ; we
return the compliment, and we say we believe them to be
in error, and I won't consent to pay them for the propa-
gation of error.—(Cheers.) In Parliament they tell
me that the grant to Maynooth is given for the support
of error. I say to that, take away the 9,0001. a year
for Maynooth that you say is given for the support
of error, and I will take away the two millions a
year which the Established Church in Ireland gets
for what I think to be the support of error.--(Cheers.)
I know only of one remedy for that evil, and that remedy
is to be found in the middle of College-green, opposite a
certain statue.—(Cheers.) I have news for you. I in-
tend that my statue shall be in that place, instead of the
fellow that is now there.—(Cheers and laughter.) I came
here to ask you to help me to do that.—(Cheers, and cries
of " We will.") Why, it would be worth your while to go
from this to College-green to look at the statue of an Irish-
man, for there never was one raised to an Irishman in Ire-
land since the English came here. No, not one, even to
Henry Grattan.—(Hear, and cheers for Henry Grattan.)
The next thing of which we have to complain is the
measure of Corporate Reform given to Ireland, and on
this point the most insulting and outrageous oppression
has been perpetrated on the people of Ireland.—(Hear,
hear.) In England they got a full measure of corporate
reform several years ago, but'in Ireland it is only com-
ing to us now, and so is Christmas. Well, before Christ-
mas we will have, not a full measure of corporation
reform, but one instalment of it—and let me tell you,
and it is some comfort to me to tell you, that on the 07th
of October next the present filthy corporation is at an
end.—(Cheers.) I will tell you what we will do ; the
best thing that can be done, is to make arrangements to
bring the carcase of the old corporation here. Oh, no ;•
we will bring it up higher—we will have the funeral on-
the banks of the Boyne, and we'll erect a. pillar opposite
to where the pillar now stands at the other side, in com-
memoration of the old corporation of Dublin.—(Cheers.)
I will tell you that there never will be another battle of

the Boyne in Ireland—(Loud cheers)—.and ?or one rea-
son amongst others, the Irishmen that fought at the
Boyne were satisfied to save their lives by flight ; but, if
the Irish ever have to fight that battle again, no man
will leave the ground but the conqueror.—(Cheers.)
There is the elective franchise in Ireland, and the present
state of it is another of our grievances. No man can
have a vote that has not 10/. a-year clear out of his
holding, and that makes, in fact, 201. by the construction
given to the Act of Parliament, Well, in England,
a man who has a holding or the value of forty
shillings a year has a vote. England is a richer
country than Ireland, and yet the franchise is lower in
England than in Ireland. It is a gross insult to us to
Make that distinction between the two countries.—
(Hear.) Do you know anything of how the administra-
tion of justice will be conducted if the Tories get into
power ? I will tell you. They will make judges of
every man who has been most virulent in his bigotry
and hatred towards us. Those are the men that the
Tories will select to put on the bench, and what remedy
have we for that grievance ?—we have no remedy but
the Repeal.—(Cheers.) As I talked awhile ago about
burying the old corporation of Dublin, I will tell you
whet we'll do; we will get an old dead rat ..and roll an
Orange scarf about him, and put him in an Orange
coffin, and call him the defunct corporation .of Dublin.—
(Laughter.)—
" I will plant a laurel tree, and-call it liberty,
Says the Shan Van Voght.
. .
And. I'll take an Grange rat, that is both big and fat,
. And call the corporation that,
Says the Shan Van Voght."
Let us struggle for Repeal.—(Cheers.) A shout will not
do ; you must join me manfully, and enrol yourselves
under my banner.—(Cheers and cries of "We will.")
Remember that the throne is filled by an illustrious lady
who shows the utmost superiority of intellect, and the
greatest purity of heart. Oh, may God bless her!—
(Cheers.) She is conquered by the Tories as well as we
are, but she has strength in her prerogative to break the
Tory fetters, and we will help her to defeat them. Three
cheers for the Queen.—(Loud cheers.) Let us, for ever,
banish disloyalty, tumult, and turbulence amongst us ;
let us meet in open day, in the presence of the Magis-
tracy, in view of the police ; let us combine constution-
ally. and. legally, until one universal shout is raised from
Cape Clear to the Giant's Causeway, and from Conne-
mara to the Hill of Howth, for the restoration of our
native Parliament. Then, hurrah for the Repeal!—Mr.
O'Connell sat down amidst loud cheering, which lasted
for several minutes.
Mr. PATRIK BOYLiN proposed the nest
Mr. STEELE seconded it in a very eloquent speech.
Mr. JOSEPH M'CANN, Baymount, proposed the next
resolution, which was seconded by Mr. HUGH O'NEILL.
Mr. JAMES MARKEY, and some other speakers fol-
lowed ; after which the immense assemblage separated.
THE DINNER.
This entertainment took place at the Linen-hall. The
number of tickets issued was 500, which were all bought
up at an early hour in the day • and several persons
Went away who were unable to obtain admittance to the
dining-room. Nicholas Boylan, of Hilltown, J.P., most
ably filled the Chair Mr. Collins, of Drogheda, presided
as Vice-President. On the right of Mr. Boylan sat Mr.
O'Connell, Mr. -Markey, of Walshestown ; Mr. Patrick
Markey, of • Sarsfieldtown ; Mr. Nicholas Markey, of
Naul-park ; and Mr. Thorns Steele.- On-the left of the
Chairman sat. Mr. 'Berkeley B. Stafford, of Moyne,
county of Louth ; Mr. Patrick Matthew, William O'Neil
Daunt, the Rev. Mr. Langan, and the Rev. Mr. Kelly.
Letters, apologising for their absence, were read from
John Esq.,. M.P. ; Henry Grattan, Esq.,
;Lost Rev. Dr. Croly, Right Rev. Dr. Blake, and
Right Rev..Dr..Cantwell.
. After. the customary toasts, the Chairman gave o' The
Repeal of the Legislative Union."—(Loud cheers.)
O'CoNNELL rose, and was received with enthu-
siastic applause. We are now engaged in a new struggle.
—(Cheers.) The Catholics of Ireland had gone through
three ordeals. They, had been three times in power
since their religion was persecuted in this country, and
they never persecuted in turn.—(Hear, hear. A Voice :
" And they never will.") Never. We are the
descendants of those who refused to persecute, and we
have a more thorough conviction of its enormity than
they had. England persecuted for conscience sake,
and religion was blotted out there. Catholic Ireland
never persecuted. Like captive Israel, she was bound
with chains ;
yet, being free,d from them, has not one
spot upon her history to call to her recollection the. pain-
ful effects of religious persecution.—(Loud cheers.) We
now come to the political question of Repeal; and.l want
to know how many of you will submit to the present
state of things ?—(A voice " Never !") Will you sub-
mit to have the ecclesiastical revenues of the land in the
hands of the clergy of the minority ?—(" No, no.") And,
let me ask,-what chaneo have you that an English Par-
liament will remove the injustice? It is a claim not de-
manded, or -a crime not committed in England—it is a
crime not committed in Scotland; and Ireland will never
be tranquil, and she:never ought, as long as such an in-
cubus is allowed to exist. I will not detain you by en-
tering into the details of the Corporate Reform question.
An union means an identity of rights between two coun-
tries so united ; it means that each possesses equal rights
and franchises. But is that' the case as regards England
and Ireland?—(Hear, hear.) Recollect that the Tories
are coming. into power ; and in what state will the ad-
ministration of justice be when that evil falls upon Ire-
land ? Remember that bad laws, when well adminis-
tered, become tolerable and bearable, and even tend to
promote protection ; while good laws, badly adminis-
tered, become a grievous oppression by the nice dis-
tinctions' of phrase which are taken by partisan.
Judges—the haughty insolence evinced by the Ma-
gistrates, whose feiends are in power—and, above
all, by the kind of Justices you will have to
preside over the Courts throughout the country.
Will you bear all that ?—(Cries of " No, no.")
They almost proclaim already that a rebellion must take
place, but they have not as. yet tried it. Will you rebel?
Oh, no, no—(Cheers)--we'll never rebel again, because
Ireland will abide her hour—she will never violate the
law; but if the Orange faction, backed by the English
Tories, attempts to deprive us of our liberties or legal
rights, oh, it would then be no rebellion.--(Cheers.)
That would not be a rebellion, and in principle nothing
is so, provided it is successful.—(Cheers.) In either
case that of the people. of Ireland would not be so, be-
cause the people of Ireland would not follow such a
course unless driven to defend their altars, their homes,
and liberties—(Hear)—and no man will speculate on
surviving such an issue, unless to become an unhappy
victim. We may, in such a case, be stretched on
the field of death, we may be placed in a state
of inaction and be silent for ever in our graves,
but we should be living or triumphant. It was
only vesterday that I' read of a riot that took place
at Dullley, which aroie in consequence of the colliers
having turned out, not to get higher wages, but in order
to prevent the wages whNli they had been receiving
from being lowered.—(Hear, hear.) There were three
troops of cavalry sent to cut them down, and they were
commanded by the Rev. Mr. Cartwright, as the attend-
ing Magistrate—(Laughter)—and, by the bye, I thought
of the circumstance, when talking of Catholic ascendancy.
I was considering how strange it would appear, if on
some commotion at Navan, my friend here, the Rev. Mr.
Langan, would go at the head of three troops of ca-
valry, to cut down his parishioners.—(Hear, hear, and
laughter.) Why, the circumstance is so ludicrously
improbable, that my Reverend Friend appears: quite
astonished how I could make such an assumption.
But I come back to my sober question, " Are you pre-
pared to submit to Tory rule"—(Cries of " Never !")
to that mis-government that has the diabolical features of
giving no relief, no redress, no remedy ? It is a kind of
political hell, replete with that eternity of suffering from
which all hope is banished. There is no remedy while
everything is calculated to aggravate and augment the
evil.

Mr. MARKEY—We have still the Loyal National Re-
peal Association to stand by us.
Mr. O'CONNELL—I humbly thank you. I believe I
know something of that assemblage.—(Cheers.) Reba-
lion, force, violence—we will have none of them, tut wel-
come, wherever it comes, resistance to rebe '
Lion, force.
and violence.—(Prolonged cheering.) ion all know
that I have been for forty years or upwards struggling
for ray native country.—(ChPers.) For nearly thirty
years of these I had princi.imlly confined myself to the
question of Catholic emancipation. I had during that
I time addressed many meetings of the wealthier classes ;
I have attended many meetings of the aristocratic grades
of society. I have also addressed the operatives of the
towns and the agricultural population in rural districts;
and with the experience which I have thus acquired, j
am able to pronounce what are the topics which seize
with strongest hold the Irish mind, that convulse with
excitement the inmost hearts of the people,
and that
prompt them with an almost convulsive effort of readiness
to raise aloft their sinewy arms. I know all this, and I so-
lemnly declare before you, that though the impulses of
threligio ofus feeli
ions ng wereualit stron within them, when I spoke to
,6 happy hom y,
es and altars free," yet o I
hav of e
never
em reli eq anof the prpriety en-
jqing
raised such a stream of determination within their veins,
such a _decided, or so enthusiastic a spirit of unani-
mity and order—(Cries of " Rear, hear")—that I have
never elicited such a shout of triumphant anticipation
as whenever lat all touched on the repeal. I tell you
to do nothing that I am not willing and ready to do my-
self ;. and I will, therefore, go from parish to parish to
set you an example of the way that I wish you to work.
The Hon. and Learned Gentjeman concluded amid the
most tremendous cheering.
Several other toasts were drunk, after which Mr.
O'Connell retired, and the company separated.

ORDER OF LEOPOLD OF
BELGIUM.
A Royal Decree, of the 14th of May, signed by M. de
Meulenaere, is to the`following effect :
"Desiring to give a striking proof of the warm friend-
ship which we bear our brother and cousin, his Majesty
the King of Greece,
"We have decreed his Majesty Otho 1., King of
Greece, is named Grand Cordon of our Order ; his Ma-
jesty the King of Greece shall take his rank in the order
from this day's date, and shall wear the military in-
signia."
Resolution of the 21st of May, signed by M. de
Muelenaere, gives the rank of Commander of the Order
of Leopold to M. Gabriel de Lessert, Prefect of Police at
Paris, and to Count Rambeteau, Peer of France, as a
proof his Majesty's satisfaction with the service which
they have rendered him, and a new mark of his personal
regard,

NEW PRO PE I. L E R.—Several engineers and
other scientific mek met on board the Swiftsure steam-boat,
on Wednesday last, to witness experiments with a newly in-
vented submarine propeller, patented by Mr. Blaxland. It is
an improvement upon the Archimedian screw. The trials of
the submarine propeller have been made in a small boat of
three tons burthesi, and with an engine of three-quarter horse
power, and they have hitherto been perfectly successful. The
Swiftsure has been bought by the patentees, and will be fitted
up with the patent moving power. The most sanguine expecta-
tions are entertained as to the result.