The Sun.
London, England, 1847-11-11 00:00:00

THE StJl', LONDOI4:,

which yield the strongest additional corroboration to
our views. What then can be alleged against the
extension of this blessing ? Nothing, save that the
landlords might not be enabled to retain the same
power of coercing their tenants' consciences, and
driving them to the hustings to record their votes in
favour of the parties recommended by their masters.
We trust that in a Reformed Parliament; this will not
be held a sufficient reason for the maintenance of the
present objectionable system.

The Swiss journals publish in extenso the manifesto
of the Diet, which is an ably drawn up document, and
which places the question as between the Diet and
the Sonderbund on its true basis. In speaking of the
conduct of the Sonderbund, it says—
At last the mask fell on July 20, 1847, and it was
publicly declared that the Sonderbund was decided to
resist all the decrees of the Diet, which it did not
recognise to be lawful. In the interval, the order of
Jesuists did not blush to make its entrance into the
Vorort of Lucerne by walking over the dead bodies of
those who had fallen in the struggle, and although it
had the prospect of exposing the country to the dan-
gers of the most decided schism. Public opinion
always pronounced more and more energetically
against this order, and two Swiss Governments were
obliged to give way under the impulse which was
thus imparted. Long before the Diet met this year,
the Sonderbund urged on with the greatest ardour
its military preparations ; it called out its council of
war, nominated a general staff, purchased arms and
ammunition in the interior of Switzerland and in
foreign countries, and assumed an armed position with
respect to the Confederation, which abstained from
any measures of that description."
With regard to the measures adopted to prevent
the necessity of war, the manifesto says—
" The Diet imposes on itself the duty of making
known to you, faithful and dear confederates, that it
has endeavoured faithfully to fulfil this task, the
deputies of the Sonderbund having caused to be in-
serted in the minutes on their departure the auda-
cious declaration that they had held out the hand in
sign of peace, but that it had been rejected, and that
the sword had been drawn against them.
" The Diet knew that the people in the cantons of
the Sonderbund were deceived by the gravest accu-
sations, and the most audacious calumnies ; that
they were made to believe that the majority of
the states had no other object than to annihilate
their religion, their liberty, their indepen-
dence, and their cantonal existence, and to esta-
blish a military republic on their ruins. History will
judge the functionaries who, in their official acts, have
given themselves up to this dangerous game. That is
why the Diet drew up a proclamation, addressed to
the authorities and the people of the seven cantons.
In this proclamation it developed its intentions in
the language which was fitting to confederates united
by friendship ; it gave explanations and tranquillised
people's minds. Federal representatives were
charged to circulate the said proclamation widely in
the respective cantons, and to support it before the
cantonal authorities ; but the kind language of the
Confederation and the superior federal authority had
no longer the right of making itself heard by the
population of these cantons—everywhere, with the
exception of Zug, the circulation of the proclamation
was forbidden ; at Lucerne it was even ordered that
any individual circulating it should be seized and
delivered up to the public executioner ; and even the
representatives were not admitted to the Govern-
ments to which they were deputed. It is thus,
people of Switzerland, that your representatives were
treated—thus that your voice was listened to !
" There yet, however, remained a hope of a pacific
solution, that is to say, the negotiations in the con-
ferences at Berne. We had so much the better reason
to expect success, from the fact that the federal
representatives in each of the seven cantons had
been told that they had to address themselves
to the envoys at Berne, who were furnished with
full necessary powers. But it was soon seen that we
were grievously deceived, for these envoys had no full
powers for negotiations relative to an arrangement,
and they thus declared it. The deputies, on the con-
trary, who represented the majority of the Diet,
made veritable propositions of arrangement ; they
offered to allow the question of the Jesuits to drop,
if Lucerne would send them away, in consideration
of its position as directing canton. One envoy pro•.
posed that the question of the Jesuits should be sub-
mitted to the decision of the Pope, if the Sonderbund
would dissolve itself; another declared himself ready
to consider the discussion as usolved, provided the
Sonderbund would dissolve ilk If, and that three
states designated by it should undertake to adopt
proceedings to induce the Pope to remove the Jesuits.
But all these propositions, the last two of which
perhaps the Confederation will not learn without
astonishment—all were refused with disdain. A
very feeble hope was held out of the possibility of
an arrangement, under the condition that the ques-
tion of the Jesuits and that of the convents of Argau,
resolved long ago, should be submitted to the judg
meat of the Pope ; and that before all the troops
should be dismissed. That was too much for the
honour and tranquillity of the country. To gain a
temporary peace it was impossible to re-light the
brand of discord which had only been extinguished
after painful struggles ; it was impossible to re-open
wounds which had been cicatrised by a wise mediation,
and by time, which heals everything.
" On this point also the Diet appeals solemnly to
the Swiss nation. Decide, dear and faithful confe-
derates, if the Diet has not done all that duty and
honour commanded to terminate the quarrel in a
pacific manner ; decide if it has refused on light
grounds a reconciliation which was offered it ; decide
if it is it which first declared war. Whatever may
be the fate which Providence reserves us at this se

rious time, your representatives, dear and faithful
confederates, can await the future with the conviction
that they have endeavoured to promote the honour and
peace of the country as much as was in their power.
"The combat which the Confederation must engage
in with confederated members is not a combat of
twelve cantons against seven—it is not an oppression
of the minority by the majority—it is not a war
against peaceable confederated brethren. No ; it is
a war of the Confederation and of its legal authori-
ties against the party which founded the Sonderbund,
has elevated it, and placed it as a viper in the midst of
the Confederation to tear its bosom. It is not peace.
able populations which have done that, but it is the
same party which, under democratic forms, has culti-
vated their ignorance, and which, under the appear-
ance of religion, turns them to account for its private
designs ; the same party which, in 1813, opened the
door to foreign armies; which refused the gua-
rantee to the constitutions of 1831 ; which are liberal,
but nowise in opposition to the Confederation; which
by indefatigable proceedings labours for re-action ;
which agitated Jura and other parts of Switzerland,
produced an Ultromontane revolution in Argau, and
called the Jesuits to the cantons of the Valais,
Friburg, Schwits, and of Lucerne, of which it is
the ally and the instrument. Such is the character
of the Sonderbund ; if it be allowed to act as it
will, or to conquer, the afflicted country will lose,
little by little, all the institutions which are the con-
dition of its veritable liberty, of its intellectual pro-
gress, of its strength, and of its honour."
The communications between Berne, and Lucerne,
and Friburg, are completely interrupted. Hostilities
it is said, are to commence on the Bth.
The Cologne Gazette of the Bth instant publishes
the following letter, dated Lake of Constance, Sd
instant :

" The Austrian troops have assembled in such
numbers on the frontiers of Switzerland that there
are three battalions in the small town of Bregentz
alone. These troops are, it is said, provided with all
means of transport required for crossing rivers. It
is believed, from these facts, that Austria will in-
terfere, should circumstances demand the presence of
those troops."
The Zurich Gazette of the 6th instant announces

that on the 4th the troops of the canton of Uri had
penetrated into the canton of Tessino, and that, in a

skirmish of advanced posts near Airolo, two officers

of Uri were killed.

Madrid journals of the 4th have arrived.

The Gageta publishes two royal decrees, accepting
the resignations of General Ros DE OLANo, as Mi-
nister of Public Instruction and Commerce, and of
General CORDOVA, as Minister of War, with whose
devotedness and zeal the QUEEN declared herself
satisfied. By a third decree, Senor SARTORIUS, Mi-
nister of the Interior, was to direct, ad interim, the
Ministry of Public Instruction and Commerce; and
a fourth decree appointed the Duke DE VALENCIA,
President of the Council, Minister of War. General
JOSE DE LA CONCHA had been superseded in the
general direction of the cavalry, and General AN-
SELMO BLASER in that of the infantry; the former
by General RICARDO SHELLY, and the other by
General FRANCISCO DE PAULA FIGUERAS. By an-
other decree, General LAUREANO SANE had been
named Director-General of the Staff.

General Aram is banished to Valencia, and
General MANUEL DE LA CONCHA, who had, by
his judicious and mild measures, nearly succeeded in
pacifying Catalonia, is superseded in the command of
that province by the brutal and sanguinary PArrA.
The cause of these changes h the discovery, by
NARYAEz, of an intrigue on the part of Ros DE
moderate Progressista as
13"" and CO4DOVA, to break up the existing Mi-
c There is little doubt but that the inWtrlitguh
istry, and bring in a new pile
Preside 4 of the eo
As s Lf to
fort
x ae.

destruction of the NARVAEZ Cabinet will be re-
newed, as it is notorious that NARVAEZ does not
possess the confidence of the SOVEREIGN, and it is
also now pretty clear that he has quarrelled with
CHRISTINA. The portfolio of Public Instruction has
been offered to PUPAL, who, however, has refused to
join the Narvaez Cabinet. He, no doubt, imagines
that ere; long Mos, his brother-in-law, the all but
avowed agent of Louis PHILIPPE, and the pet jobber
of Queen CHRISTINA, will trip up NARVAEZ, as he
did on a former occasion.

The Eco del Comercio states that the Council of
Ministers has decided that the Duke and Duchess DE
MONTPENSIER shall be called to Spain. The Ileraldo,
the semi-official organ, states that the reason alleged
by General USPARTERO for refusing the London
embassy, which it. admits was actually conferred on
him, was that his means did not permit him to sus-
tain it in a becoming manner, and that, besides, he
felt-it right to remain separated from public affairs
for the present. Ha added, that he did not refuse the
embassy because it was offered by the present Minis-
try, for he should have also refused it had it been
offered by a Cabinet composed of his old political
friends. As to an order having been given to him
to remain abroad, The Heraldo says it has not heard
that instructions for such an order had been for-
warded to Senor ISTURITZ.

MADRID BOLQA, Nov. 4.—The Three per Cents.
were done at 26i, at fifty days; the Five per Cents.
at 15f for paper; the Debt without Interest, at 511;
and the Coupons at 11.

IWe have received the Paris papers of Tuesday,
The Journal des Debats announces the suicide of
Count BRESSON in the following terms :—"Count
BRESSON, Ambassador from the Court of France to
the King of the Two SICILIES, has died at Naples.
He was found in his bed at six o'clock in the morn-
ing of the 2d instant, bathed in his blood, with a
large wound in his throat, supposed to have been in-
flicted with a razor. This awful news was brought
to France by the Ocean steam-boat, which has
arrived at Marseilles. We have no other details.''
Disappointed ambition appears to have been the
cause of this deplorable event. Count BRESSON had,
it is said, been promised either the London or the
Petersburgh Embassy, as a reward for the tact with
which he conducted the intrigues in Spain by which
the Montpensier marriage was brought about. On
his return to Paris he asked for one of these em-
bassies (he particularly desired to have the Embassy
to London), but the ICING and M. GUIZOT
positively refused to appoint him to either, '
and, as if to make the insult more marked, ap-
pointed him Ambassador to Naples, an embassy inferior
in rank to the one to Madrid, which he had before
filled. It would appear as if he contemplated suicide
from that moment. He made his will and arranged
all his affairs before taking his departure from Paris.
He was in low spirits, but quite calm and collected
during his journey to Naples, and at Turin he
transacted business of importance with the Sardinian
Government. On the 31st ult. he had his formal
audience of the King of NAPLES, and presented his
credentials. He appeared much pleased with his re-
ception in the evening. Next day he paid a number
of visits, and in the evening went to the
Opera, without evincing throughout the day
or evening the slightest symptom of insanity
or excitement. On reaching home, however,
he was observed to be agitated. His excite-
ment increased, and he continued walking about
his apartment until four o'clock, when, all at once,
the fall of a heavy body was heard. The Countess
BaEssoN ran into his room, and found him lying in a
pool of blood, which flowed from a frightful wound in
the throat, effected by a razor, which was found close
to him. Instant alarm was given, and almost imme-
diately the surgeon of the British Legation arrived,
but the Count was already dead. Other professional
persons came in rapid succession, but nothing could
be done.

Thus perished the clever intriguer who nego-
tiated the Spanish marriages—a victim to the trust
which, regardless of the warning of scripture, he
put "in princes." In the same journal we find the
following additional details of the unfortunate case
of Count MORTIER :
" Count Mortier, Ambassador from the Govern-
ment of France to the Court of Turin, has," says the
Debats, " been struck with insanity. It was found
necessary to place him in a lunatic asylum on Sunday
last. For some time past Count Mortier showed
some symptoms of that dreadful malady, and with-
out any apparent motive committed several acts of
violence. On Sunday morning last, after having
shut himself up with his two children in a room of the
apartment he occupied in the Hotel Chatham, he
wrote two letters, couched in similar terms, one ad-
dressed to his wife and the other to a friend, in which
he apprised them that in a few minutes he and his
two children would have ceased to live. The prefect
of police was informed of the fact. He hastened to
the hotel, where he was shortly afterwards joined by
the Chancellor, who attended in consequence of Count
Mortier being a member of the Chamber of Peers. The
Count had barricaded himself in his chamber, armed
with a razor, which he brandished over the heads of his
children. At intervals he threatened his own life, and
in his delirium vociferated the most horrible menaces.
It then became necessary to adopt some resolution.
The Chancellor spoke to him in a friendly tone of
voice. The Count replied by incoherent speeches of
death and blood, and then, addressing his son, whom
he held on his kness, told the child that he must
die. The unhappy child, who is 11 years of age,
exclaimed that he did not wish to die, and struggled,
weeping all the while. Then, addressing himself to
years of age, the Count
asked follow him and die with him ?
The
dldof 8
s
that she would die with her
father,hi d
poor heru
a ganh childdit fe
ir rep
i she
a sawdlodi child
would
d that the father prepared to
execute his horrible design. The persons who heard
outside the door what was passing within were para-
lysed with terror. A word or a movement might
precipitate the arm which was directed by insanit3.
This scene lasted nearly three hours. The
Countess Mortier, the Chancellor Pasquier, and
M. Delessert, the Prefect of Police, remained
standing at the door in a state of inexpres-
sible terror. At length, after these long and
cruel hours of entreaties, silence, expectation, and
negotiation, access was obtained into the apartment
by a door which had been some time closed, and
which was opened without noise. The Chancellor
and the Prefect of Police entered, and succeeded in
extricating the trembling children from their agony,
and restored them to their mother. Count Mortier
still, however, held the razor in his hand, and nothing
could induce him to surrender it. He had from time
to time made a gesture as if he was about to cut his
throat : this scene lasted three-quarters of an hour
longer. He complained angrily of the persecution
of which he said he was the object, accusing
the Prefect of Police of violating his domicile,
and the Chancellor of infringing on his liberty,
and declared that he would complain to the Keeper
of the Seals. M. Delessert suggested to him
to write a letter to the Keeper of the Seals, which
he undertook to deliver to him, with the intention of
inducing him to lay aside his razor, and whi▪
ch it would
have been dangerous to endeavour to take by force.
The Count consented to write the letter, but on con-
dition that the Prefect of Police should remain at a
distance at the further end of the chamber. The
Keeper of the Seals, who had been apprised of what
was going forward, replied instantly to Count Mor-
tier, and requested that he would go to hi▪ s house and
explain the matters of which he had to complain.
The Count then consented to go out.
On the stair-
case he closed the razor and placed it in his pocket,
and in the court-yard of the hotel he was seized in
presence of the Chancellor, and immediately lodged
in a lunatic asylum."
Marshal SEBASTIAN' has returned to Paris, and
has taken up his abode at the Hotel Sebastiani, the

scene of the Praslin tragedy.
The Reform dinners continue. There was one at
Lille on the 7th, at which M. ODILON BARROT was
to have
to
ebeaedndptroestehe present,
tbouats,t "to electoral and Parlia-
on the refusal of the com-
m

mentary reform " the words "to the truth and
sincerity of the institutions of July, 1830,,, M.
ODILON BARROT and some of his friends withdrew.

SI. BENTE Pox LET took ;the chair, and the toast,
without the addition, was drunk with the greatest

enthusiasm. These dinners are causing great anxiety
to the Government, who are secretly arming the de-
tached forts round Paris, and have 1,850 pieces of
artillery stored at Vincennes and Alfort.
The Courrier Francais states that a solemn service
was celebrated on Sunday last, in the church of Notre

Dame des Victoires, Paris, by the Abbe DESGENETTES,
to invoke Divine protection on the cause of the Son-

derbund. The ceremony was attended by a large
congregation. There was no sermon preached on

,he occasion.

The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse
on Tuesday at 77f. 40c. ; the Five per Cents., 1161.
50c. ; the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,196 f. 25c. ;
Rouen, 921 f.
.25c. ; Havre, 620 f. ; Great Northern,