The Sun.
London, England, 1841-11-08 00:00:00

THE BRITISH AND AMERICAN

• THE PRINTING TRADE.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sit:—l observe in your paper of Tuesday an appeal
to the public
,on behalf of the unemployed compositors
and pressmen in the metropolis, by Mr. Bicknell. As=s
person who has been long and still is connected with
the press, and who has had ample opportunity of know-
ing the arduous nature of the employment, I sincerely
hope that the appeal now made will meet with a hearty
and ready royp But while such is my hope, I think
the present is a fitting moment for bringing under the
notice of the printers in connection with the appeal now
made to the public, the great hardship which their
" combination," for to all intents and purposes it is a
" combination," inflicts upon the employers, and the
disadvantage it entails upon themselves. One passage
in Mr. Bicknell's address is apt to mislead. He says,
" In the composing branch upwards of 1,000 are seeking
employment in vain, and besides about 500 more ave-
raging ten shillings a week." Now, it may be supposed
that this is the average allowance for the week's work,
while the truth is, that it is the remuneration which will
be earned in less than two days. It may be said
that this does not lessen the distress arising from the
want of sufficient employment. It does not; but it leads
me to say, that sooner than accept of a reduced rate of
allowance, compositors will go about idle. In the pro-
winces no journeyman is allowed to accept of less than a
fixed rate of wages, and neither will the employer be
allowed to exercise his undoubted right of employing as
many apprentices as he pleases. I have known of in-
stances where the workmen have come in a body, and
told the master that the apprentice he had intro-
duced, being one more than the " trade " allowed, he
must be dismissed, otherwise they would strike. In most
businesses a threat of this kind can be resisted (as wit-
ness the late strike at the new Houses of Parliament)
by the employer. He may let his work stand, and
throw himself upon the indulgence of the parties who
have contracted with him for work—but the proprietor
of a newspaper is powerless. The salvation of his pro-
perty depends upon the publication of his paper by a cer-
tain day and hour ; and to keep up a warfare with
the hands upon whom he depends for the accomplish-
ment of this is out of the question. I have no hesitation
in saying. that these arbitrary rules have. tended in a
great many instances to sour employers towards their
workmen, and to put a, dog on speculations calculated to
create employMe7st. Many newspapers and publications
would haw been started had it not been for the obstruc-
tions thrown in the way of conducting the mechanical
department in an economical manner, and booksellers
and others would have added " printers" to their other
avocations, had they seen the prospect of a profit. At
present in provincial towns there is no hope for a man
establishing himself as a printer, unless ho be able and
willing to work at the business with his own hands. Now
look at the effect. A practical printer commences busi-
ness for himself,. takes as many apprentices as he likes—
the rules of the " trade" cannot reach him, because he
has no journeymen upon whom the rules can be brought
to bear. A newspaper proprietor again, who employs
a number of journeymen on the newspaper and on job
printing, has to compete with his neighbour over the
way, who works with his own hands, and is aided
by apprentices. The one must pay a certain sum to his
journeymen, and employ only a certain number of ap-
prentices, the other can do as he likes,—he is beyond
the reach of the combined compositors. Is not this an
obstruction to enterprise in the printing business ? Is it
just or equitable that the printers should convert into a
lever to raise wages, the peculiarity I have noticed in the
newspaper trade ? In the English provincial towns, 245.
must be paid to every journeyman, no matter what his
abilities are ; in Scotland 20s. is the smallest sum. If
you engage a journeyman you engage a man " protected"
at all points. First, his wages are fixed ; and, second,
his station must be kept up by an embargo on appren-
tices. His capabilities are the only thing about which
there is any doubt. It may be said, well, look at our
condition even with the limitations we have fixed, what
would it have been had we allowed the competition to ex-
ist which arises from an unlimited number of appren-
tices ? This looks specious, but it is hollow. Evers::
thing which cramps the efforts of employers is pure
to
operate, sooner or later, against the employe,",,, My im-
pression is that had the non-restricts'--, policy not been
in operation, the wages of good In:-orkmen would not have
been less than they are at. -.present, and a greater demand
for hands would hinse existed, as well as a more friendly
spirit betw'.._,-en the employer and the employed. While
I allinv the right of every man to sell his labour at the
best market, I deny as firinly his right to adopt other
than legitimate means to effect his object.
As regards the question of " relief," the necessity of
affording it rests up the existence of distress, and there
can be no doubt that that distress does exist to a touch-
ing extent.
Nov. 3, 1841.

FAIR PLAY.

A LESSON TO POLITICAL CON-

SPIRATORS. -
In the tnonth of March, 1840, Robert Pedie, William
Broke, Paul Holesworth, and James Drake, were tried
at York, among others of the " Chartists," upon the
charge of "conspiracy to raise insurrections," &c., in
Bradford, and the two former had been committed for
high treason. An important part of the evidence was
supplied by John Ashton, an accomplice, and James
Harrison, who admitted himself to be a paid spy, and
that he had been instrumental, to a certain extent, in for-
warding the design which he came to prove. The four
defendants were found guilty, and sentenced as follows :
Pedie, to be imprisoned three years in Beverly House of
Correction ; Brooke, three years in Northallerton ;
lioidsworth, three years in Northallerton ; and Drake,
eighteen months in Beverly. On the 23d of last
month (October) the James Harrison above mentioned
was tried at the Preston Quarter Sessions, upon the
charge of stealing a horse, the property of Stephen
Fawcett. He was found guilty, and sentenced to be im-
prisoned, with hard labour, in the Castle of Lancaster,
, fur two years. He had once been a turnkey in the Pres-
ton House of Correction, and was subsequently well
known in that neighbourhood as a common informer.
It was proved at the trial that Harrison's offence had
been effected by a scheme of singular atrocity, and quite
in keeping with his previous habits. He had employed
two young men (who did not clearly appear to have any
guilty knowledge in the matter) as his agents, to lead
the horse to a place at which he appointed to meet
them, and pay them for their trouble. He then informed
against them to the police, telling an officer such an
account as might ensure their detection ; at the same
time, however, suggesting to him that he should not be
too hasty in making known the guilty parties, as it was
most likely a " reward" would be advertised, if sufficient
time were allowed ! The agents, Edward English and
William Lambert, were accordingly apprehended and
committed for trial. But finally the tables were turned
on the informer, who this time stood in the dock, in-
stead of the witness-box, while the two young men were
brought as witnesses against him, and were afterwards
discharged from custody, and so luckily escaped the trap
that had been laid for them.

ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE
COURT OF CHANCERY—NEW JUDGES.
As the Bill entitled " An Act to make further Pro-
vision for the Administration of Justice," originally pre-
sented to the Ilbrds, but afterwards originated in the
Commons-,-lia account of money clauses, must now be
:11e7v!'!, as the law of the land, a fuller abstract of it, as
it finally passed, than has yet appeared, may be accept-
able and useful.
Preamble.—Whereas the business on the plea side
of her Majesty's Court of Exchequer at Westminster
has of late years greatly increased, and a transfer to the
Court of Chancery of the jurisdiction of the said Court
of Exchequer as a court of equity would relieve the
judges of the said Court of Exchequer, and would
otherwise tend to promote the public advantage, be it
therefore enacted, &c.
1. The opening clause enacts, that the jurisdiction of
the Court of Exchequer as.a court of equity,'&c., be
abolished, and transferred to the Court of ,Chancery, on
the 15th of October, 1841, with, however, the proviso
that thii Act shall not abridge, lesieit',`joi in anywise
affloWthe'power, authority, or jurisdiction o' f,' or incident
tb„ithe said Court of Exchequer .as &wart of law, or
therpower, authority, or jurisdiction, of, the4samo court
as court of revenue, not heretqfere exercised by the
,'stinie court sitting as a court of equity.
2. Suits depending, and pteccedings transferred to
the Court of Chancery, to be carried on according to
the practice of that court, after the said 15th of Octo-
ber, 1841. Writs returnable in the Exchequer to be
,returnable in Chancery. The Court of Chancery em-
powered to direct transferred suits to be carried on ac-
cording to the practice of the Court of Exchequer, if
it shall so think fit.
3. The Lord Chancellor to make general orders for
the taxation of costs, &c.
4. Gives, after the 15th instant, power to the Court
of Chancery to restrain the Bank of England, &c., from
permitting transfer of stock, &c., " upon the application
of any party interested, by motion or petition, in a sum-
. nary way, without bill filed ; to restrain the Governor
and Company of the Bank of England, or any other
=public .Company, from permitting the transfer of any
stiock,in the public funds, or any stock er shares in any
-public company, &c., or from paying any dividend or
dividends due or to become due thereon, &c.
5. Writ of distringas to be issued from the Court of
Chgticery according to the form given in the first sche-
'dule to the Act.
6. Certain funds now standing in the name of' the
accountant-general of the Exchequer to be transferred
to the Queen's remembrancer, being regarding causes
depending in the Court of Exchequer as a court of re•
venue. [The causes are enumerated].
7. Stocks, &c., now standing in the name of the ac-
countant-general of the Court of Exchequer to be trans-
ferred into the name of the accountant-general of the
Court of Chancery, and to be applicable to such pur-
poses as the same were respectively applicable to. Of-
ficers of the Bank of England, &c., directed to make
the transfer.
8. The accountant-general of the Court of Exche-
qiier to make up the accounts with the accountant-
general of the Court of Chancery.
9.-Stocks, &c., to be entered causewise, and cash one
common cash.
10. Thcproperty vested in the accountant-general
of .the Courrof,Chancery by this Act to go to his suc-
cessors in office..
11. Certain funds transferred to the accountant-gene-
ral of the Court of Chancery to, " the account of moneys
placed out for the benefit and better security of the
suitors of the' Court of Exchequer," now to lie trans-
ferred to the Chancery Suitors' Fund.
12. Also the Redemption Fund of the Exchequer
suitors to be transferred to the accountant-general of the

Court of Chancery, to the " account of securities pur-
chased with surplus merest," &c.
13. Money by any Act, &c., directed to be paid into
the Bank to the credit of the accountant-general of the
Court of Exchequer to be so paid to the credit of the
accountant-general of the Court of Chancery. Stocks,
&c., transferable into the name of the accountant-gene-
ral of the Court of Chancery.
14. The Court of Chancery to make orders as to the
arranging of balances with the Bank, &c.
la. Certain officers of the Court of Exchequer abo-
lished—namely, those of master on the equity side of
the Court of Exchequer, clerk to the masters on the
equity side of the same court, clerk to the accountant-
general, and clerk of the reports to the Court of Ex-
chequer, and clerk examiner to the barons of the same
court,

16. Proportionate parts of the salaries of officers of
the Court of Exchequer up to the 15th of October,
1841, to be pail out of the account of interest arising
from moneys placed cut for the benefit and better se-
curity of the Exchequer suitors.
17. Proceedings of the Court of Exchequer as a
court of equity to be delivered by officers to such per-
sons as the Master of the Rolls, by warrant, counter-
signed by the Lord Chancellor, shall direct; and to be
deemed records of the Court of Chancery, subject to
the provisions of the Ist and 2d of Victoria, c. 94, for
keeping safely the public records.
18. The duties of accountant-general and masters in
revenue business to be performed by the Queen's re-
membrancer.

19. Her Majesty empowered to appoint two addi-
tional judges assistant to the Lord Chancellor, to be
respectively called Vice-Chancellor.
20. Power to supply vacancies in the office of Vice-
Chancellor, who shall be first appointed under the au-
thority of this Act, by the death, resignation, or re-
moval from office of such Vice-Chancellor or his suc-
cessor for the time being, to her Majesty, by letters
patent under the great seal, to appoint a fit person,
being or having been a barrister-at.law of 15 years'
standing at the least, to supply such vacancy.
21. Nothing in the Act to authorise the appoint-
ment of a successor to the Vice-Chancellor secondly ap-
pointed under the authority of this Act.
22. Powers of the Vice-Chancellor---That each such
Vice-Chancellor have full power to hear and determine
all causes, m otters, and things which are, or shall be,
at any time depending in the Court of Chancery in
England, either as a court of law or as a court of
equity, or incident to any ministerial office of the said
court, or which have been, or shall be submitted to the
jurisdiction of the said court, or of the Lord Chancellor,
by the special authority of an Act of Parliament, as
the Lord Chancellor shall from time to time direct; and
all decrees, orders, and acts of such Vice-Chancellor
to be deemed and taken respectively, as the nature of
the case shall require, decrees, orders, and acts of the
said Court of Chancery, &c. ; but the Vice-Chan-
cellor not to discharge, &c., orders of any Vice-
Chancellor, not being his predecessor in office, or any
orders, &c., of the Lord Chancellor, unless authorised
by him, &c.
23. Empowers the Vice-Chancellor to sit in the ab-
sence of the Lord Chancellor, or in a separate court
That each or either of the Vice-Chancellors t7j-ile ap-
pointed in pursuance of this Act shall sit t,or the Lord
Chancellor whenever he shall require so to do, and
shall also, at such other times as the Chancellor shall
direct, sit in a separate court., whether the Lord Chan-
cellor or the Master of 'the Rolls, or the Vice-Chan-
cellor appointed in P'.rsuance of the said Act, shall be
sitting or not, which purpose the Lord Chancellor
shall make such orders as to him shall appear to be
proper and convenient, from time to time, as occasion
_out' require.

. :--

24. The Vice-Chancellor, if ho b 3 a Privy Coun-
cillor, to be a member of the Judicial Committee of the
Privy Council.

25. To have the rank and precedent next after the
Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.
26. Secretary, usher, and trainbearer to be ap-
pointed by each Vice-Chancellor ; and the secretaries,
registrars, and other officers appointed to attend the
Lord Chancellor to attend each such Vice-Chancellor
when sitting for the Lord Chancellor, and also when
sitting in his separate court, as circumstances sludl re-
quire, and as the Lord Chancellor shail order and direct.
27. The Vice-Chancellor to hold office during good
behaviour, but may be removed upon an address by
both Houses of Parliament.

28. Oath.—" I ——, do solemnly and sin-
cerely promise and swear that I will duly and faithfully,
and to the best of my skill and power, execute the
office of Vice-Chancellor. So help me od."
29. Empowers the Lord Chancellor, with the con-
currence of the Master of the Rolls and Vice-Chancel-
lor, or any two of them, to make orders, &c.
30. Lord Chancellor, with concurrence of Master of
the Rolls, may direct causes, &c., depending before the
letter to be heard by the Lord Chancellor, or any Vice-
Chancellor, &c.

Si. Gives power to the Lord Chancellor, &c., to re-
verse, &c., orders of the Court of Exchequer.
32. That Richard Richards, Esq., the present ac-
countant-general, and one of the masters of the said
Court of Exchequer, Income by force of this Act a mas-
ter in ordinary of the High Court of Chancery, in addi-
tion to the present masters, &c., and references depend-
ing before the masters on the equity side of Exchequer
transferred to him, and such other references as the
Lord Chancellor shall direct.

33. Empowers her Majesty, by letters patent, to ap-
point successors to Mr. Richards.

34. Appoints N. Buckland, the present clerk to the
masters in Exchequer, to be chief clerk to said master
in Chancery, &c.
3.5. The salaries to Vice-Chancellor and his officers,
and to master, to be paid out of interest and dividends
arising from Suitors' Fund.

36. Her Majesty empowered to grant an annuity to
a Vice-Chancellor, on his resignation, of 3,5001., but
after 15 years' service, except cases of bodily infirmity,
&c., shall disqualify.
37. Regulating future salaries of Vice-Chancellor ap-
pointed under 58 Geo. 111., c. 24, to be reduced to
3,5001., and secretary to 3001.
38. The number of registrars increased to tea.
39. The registrars to attend each judge of the court
as the Lord Chancellor, &c., shall direct ; in case of
illness they may appoint a deputy, to be approved by
the Lord Chancellor.
40. Clerks to the registrars increased to 12 ; vacan-
cies to be filled up by seniority.
41. The Lord Chancellor to appoint 10th, 11th, and
12th clerks, and fill up vacancies in office of 12th clerk ;
parties to have been articled to solicitors or attorneys.
42. Empowers the Lord Chancellor to increase the
number of clerks in the registrar's office.
43. Preserves rights to present registrars and clerks.
44. Proviso as to succession of sworn clerks, &c.
45. As to office of muster of reports and entries.
46. Describes duties of registrars' clerks.
47. The Lord Chancellor may appoint persons to
keep order in the courts.
48. Masters, registrars, and clerks to registrars, to
hold their offices during good behaviour, and with other
officers, to be subject to prohibitions against holding
other offices, &c.
49. Gives power to the Lord. Chancellor, with, the
concurrence of the Master of, the Rolls and the Vice-
Chancellor, to remove officers " for some sufficient cause,
to be expressed in the order of dismiision.."
50.. Makes provision for certain expenses and salaries.
51. Repeal of ceitala provisions of 3 and 4 Wm. IV,
e. 94, regarding the mode of paying salaries.
52.. Directs that the salaries to ,the registrars and
clerks, and masters clerks, be paid out of the Suitors'
Fee Fund.
5:3. Awards allowances to registrars for copying, &c.
54. Gives power to the Lord Chancellor to order re-
tiring annuity to Mr. Richards and his successors, not
exceeding 1,5001.
55. Enacts that officers whose offices are abolished
may make claims for compensation, but within 6 months.
56. Empowers the Lord Chancellor to order retiring
pension to registrars, &c.
57. Compensation to the Hon. Mr. Scarlett, master
of the Court of Exchequer, to cease when he shall be-
come a peer.
58. Makes provision in case of surplus or deficiency
of Fee Fund ; application in either case to be to the
fund for paying officers of the Court of Chancery.
59. Power to invest surplus interest fund.
GO. Enacts that money so placed out, if required to
answer6l.
Accountant-generaldemands suitors,of
ofto btehecacurlleodi
Court of Chancery
to pay. over 150/. yearly to Suitors' Fund.
62. Gives power to change securities purchaseable
under this Act.

63. Accountant-genera to make certain returns an-
nually, to be laid on the table of the House of Commons,
showing the state of the several funds in his name, called
" The Suitors' Fund," and " The Suitors' Fee Fund,"
and the charges upon the same funds respectively, &c.
THIRD SCHEDULE REFERRED TO BY FOREGOING ACT.
The first registrar, 2,0001. per annum.
The second, third, and fourth registrars, J,BOO/. per
annum each.
The fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth registrars, 1,500/.
per annum each.
The ninth and tenth registrars, 1,250/. per ano. each.
The first and second clerks to the registrars, so
per annum each.
' The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth clerks to the re-
gistrars, 600/. per annum each. the
The seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth Clerk, to
registrars, 400/.
he 11th and 1 perthe annum each.h
registrars, any The 11th ebe appointed under
dthitlitoAnaeltc,lBeorkosi.topetthaenrneugmisteraarcsh.
,
d under thisr
eery appointed
of such master, lA/. per annum.
lo.rpdeinraarynniunniC.hae.
The chief clerk to the Acstlo(70
The junior clerk

We understand that the Government have made
overtures to the chiefs of the Non-intrusion party in
the Scotch Kirk, which had been broken off, and that
the affair has turned out a second Aberdeen correspon-
dence—an affair of promises, made for party purposes,
and broken for the same reason.

NAVIES.
70 THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
The Sun of Oct. 23 you state that a great
many of our small line-of-battle ships are to be reduced
to 50 gun frigates, similar to the Dublin, Winchester,
&c., so as to compete with the large frigates of Amc-
rica and France. You are mistaken in supposing that
the Winchester, Southampton, President, and many
others of the same class are of a similar force to the
Dublin, Warspite, &c., though they mount the same
number of guns. To explain this clearly I will go back
to the late American war. In consequence of the
American frigates, which carried 24-pounders, taking
three of our large frigates, mounting 18-pounders, seve-
ral ships were built about the same size and force as the
Then first class American frigates. The Winchester,
Southampton, Portland, and others are of this class ;
they are about 1,400 tons, and until the late change in
the armament mounted long 24-pounders on the main
deck, with a complement of 400 men. The President,
of the same clasp, v as built on the plan of the American
President, which ship we captured. Still taking the
lead in having N ery large frigates, the Americans dis-
continued buieling any of similar force to those they
possessed, and haee ever since built a still larger class,
nearly 1,800 tons, mounting 54 guns, long 32-pounders,
on the main deck, having ports on the gangwaes to en-
able them (when required) to me= 62 guns. To
meet this class, and also the new French double-banked
frigates of 62 guns, the Bsrham, Dublin,and about a dozen.
other small line-oebattle ships were cut down, and one
(the Vernon) built. They mount 50 guns, long 32_
pounders, on the main deck, and ate about 1,750 tbm.
They are as far superior to the Winchester class as that
class is to the old 18. pounder frigate.
As much ignorance exists on these points, I am
anxious that the non-professional publ;c should have
the subject explained to them, that they may not again
form such wrong opinions respecting naval actions as
they did when two or three of cur frigates were captured
by the Americans in 1812. I know it is difficult to
make those ignorant of the subject understand that one
frigate of 50 guns may be far inferior in force to another
frigate of 50 guns ; but when they know that one is
1,400 tons, mounts 24-pounders on the main deck, with
a crew of 400 men, and the other 1,750 tons, mounts
32-pounders on the main deck, with a crew of 500 men,
they will see what a great difference really exists. By
the new armament in our service the 24-pounders in
the second class, and the 18-pounders in the third class,
have been changed for 32-pounders medium guns, of the
same weight as their old guns, but of course tnuch in-
ferior in range and effect to long 32-pounders. This
does not alter the class, as the President can only be
considered an equal match for ap American frigate of
the same size, whether she moteats medium 32-pounders
or long 21-pounders.
To make all this 03;erer, I wi.l endeavour to put the
classes in a tabular ¶urm
FIRST CLASS r
RIGATES. Tons. Guns.
American .andywine
1770 54 long 32pdrs 550
'''..
Potomac, &c.
5 Vernon, and 11750 50 long 32pdrs 500
Razees
SECOND CLASS.
United States t 1500 52 long 24pdrs 450
Constitution
5 Winchester 11400 50 medium 32pdrs 400
President, &c.
THIRD CLASS.
Macedonia 11100 46 long 18pirs 400
Congress
Stag, Druid, 11200 44 medium 32pdrs 330
Madagascar
BlondBzee• " Thalia
}llOO 42 medium 32pdrs 300
I am not certain whether the Americans have adopted
the plan of arming all ships with 32-pounders of differ-
ent length and weight ; I have therefore given them
their old armaments. The French were, I believe, the
first that did so. The calibre of their guns is a little
larger than ours., their 301 b. shot being about 33e11e.
English weight.
By this table it will be seen that each class of Ame-
rican ships has a fair match, in a corresponding class in
our navy ; but to expect either of the smaller classes to
contend successfully with ships of the class above them
would be expecting more than our navy ever did (with
one or two exceptions) throughout the last French war.
That we should attempt it, and sometimes succeed, I
have no doubt, particularly with our present system of
gunnery ; but should the attempt (which it sometimes
would with much inferior force) prove unsuccessful, it
must not be supposed that our navy is inferior to what
it once was. This should be determined only by ac-
tions between ships of the same class; and should a
war with America be forced on us, on no point will a
clear understanding of the force of our ships be more
necessary than on the two classes of .50 gun frigates ;
for if one of our second class was captured by them,
they would gladly seize on any statement in an English
paper that went to prove that class equal to their
largest frigates. The fear el this has made me trouble
you with such a long explanation.
Oct. 25. AMIGO.

~'~glish

American

English

American

English

Men.

P.S. Should a war break out, a table showing the
class and force of our ships, compared with those of the
enemy, should b 3 published, th it in case of either suc-
cess or failure the public would be able to form a just
opinion on the merits of the case,

COLBURN'S NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE
AND liumounisr FOR NOVEMBER. EDITED BY THOMAS
HOOD, ESQ.—Hood, who is now fairly plunged into the
editorship of this periodical, seems determined to keep
up its stock of laughter, and retains all the comic writers
in his train. Mrs. Trollope disports her iniaart satire;
Mr. Jerrold revels in that peculiar sarqastn
bines the: ludicrous with the painful in so .:.".
gree; Mr. Hood himself grows fresh with neW: re,
told in his own unrivalled style of quaint andiv• ing
freedom ; and last, not least, PooleotWilfis genuine
and gentlemanly humour, wakes all sorts of pleasant
merriment in the reader's mind. Mr. Poole, this month,
not only continues his admirable story of Phineas
Quiddy, but delights with a separate social skit, entitled
" The Advantages of Belonging to a Club," in which
the growling spirit of a diseontented clubite is most face-
tiously pourtrayed. The club is the Pangrowlean, and
the paper consists of the memoranda of one of its mem-
bers, who has the pleasant nomenclature of 'lector
Boreall.' "—Morning Post.
NEW COIN.—We have been enabled to ex-
amine a new " five-pound golden piece," the production
of William Wyon, I;sq., R.A., which, for chastity of de-
sign and beauty of execution, far exceeds anything that
has been hitherto issued from her Majesty's Mint. The
head of the " Royal lady" is clear and carefully defined ;
and on the reverse Mr. Wyon has happily identified the
exquisite fable of Una guiding the Lion with our own
Queen. The likeness is preserved in both face and
fie•ure. When the coin comes into circulation, no cabinet
of English coins can be without it. We sincerely con-
gratulate Mr. Wyon on this chtf-d'cruvre of his art : his
pure and classic taste is of great value to the country ;
and everything within the sphere of his influence takes
a high moral tone worthy his occupation. We must bear
in mind that, above all others, the medallist labour% for
posterity ; his works are tests of the truth of history ;
they mark the period and semblance of the age. It is
pleasant to think that such labours cannot fail of being
" time-honoured."—The Art-Union.
STATE OF TRADE.—BUSiRESS -is usually dull
in November, and the market this week has formed no
exception to the general rule. There has been a very in-
considerable demand for either good or yarns ; but we
believe that prices have remained Unaltered. It is not
perhaps likely that Twist will improve at this season of
the . year ; but should the restoration of confidence with
respect to the continuance of amicable relations with ;
America produce the expected demand from that ji
ter, there is: reason to hope; that it will have a favortt"!l
able effect upon goods.—Manchester Times.
IMITATION OF THE LANDLORDS PLUNDER- it
ING THEPOOR.—It has been found that for some time
past the retail shopkeepers in the lower parts of the
town, by whom the poor ,are principally supplied with
groceries, have been vending sugar containing a large
proportion of starch, or some such substance ; and that
this has been supplied to them by persons in
the
town, having hitherto a character-for respectaboiltirteYrinlg‘ it
have met with a large demand for it,
at a very. cheap rate—four shillings
suppileU J
weight less, we believe,
.than it can
bac'he adulterat-
the wholesale 'dealers in Liverpool.
yes a finer
ing ingredient, starch or potato flourrs,ongi,
s deceived by
appearance to the sugar, and many persons,
it
has been sold,
this and by the cheaper rate at ail
s andme practice
bay li,uniclrebt
have been induced to buy it.
pure ar-
told a sad tale with the grocers •the matter to the bottom,
hai been carried on for some
tide. Being determined to siltt as for that of the public,
as well for their own protecera,
shops and procured sam-
a party of them visited
sevsold. These were tested and
pies of the sugar usually. tiTmseltipiyillogf caourse has
fact,
that adulterated sugar is now
duty to mention the
,treat s
and more py
being sold in this totL 1 We think it, however, our
sufferers, may bee put upon
whoZreliskJournat [lt is sold in other towns.]
tfhouendpootor, contain stargcreat
their guard.-- aid. Esq„ Mayor of Manchester, will
William
SUlClDE.—Thursday afternoon
DISTRESSI
held at the Duke's Head, Fore-street,
t office for the coming year.
was e Mr. Carter, Coroner for Surrey, on
before Lambeth,
of Mr. William John Rich. f the body For-
merlyview o
had suffered greatly from mbar-
wealthy circumstances, but for
bea re-electedngt
years
inquest
rNastoi
he was
some
ts so much so that
he was obliged to work
embar-
rassments,
fellowship porter, but his health being
latterly as tie ntl!bal very
indifferent he could earn very little a such em-
ploy.ye He was discovered suspended to a beam in an
out-building of his premises by a cord, on Tuesday
morning.—Verdict, " Temporary mental derangement."
If you cannot avoid a quarrel with a scamp, let.
your lawyer manage it rather than yourself. No man
sweeps his own chimney, but employs a chimney-sweeper,
dirtyD work, because it is his
N, AND BRIGHTON
whotrad has
trade.
THE nLoooNbpjeoetNio,n to
xcßo
RAILWAY.—The inconvenience arising from the stoppage
of this line has been partly removed by the steps taken
by the Directors. The trains now run up close to the
spot where-the slip took place. The passengers then
alight, and, ascending some steps to the top of the em-
bankment, walk to the other side of the obstruction,
where a train is in readiness to proceed to Croydon and
Brighton. The omnibuses and coaches, which 'for the
fit Passengers along the high road
: stthtew (nearly three miles), have been
soyddaey n sham convstaeyt eiod n
discontinued.