The Sun.
London, England, 1841-10-29 00:00:00

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LONDON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 29, 18-11.

No 15,334

;~..,

LONDON INSTITUTION.,
OCTOBER 28;. 1841.
Notice is hereby given that arrangements have been made
for the delivery of the following COURSE of LECTURES
during the ensuing semen :-
FIRST COURSE.-Four Lectures on Magnetism, by
W. R. Grove, Esq., M. A., F. H.S., Professor of Experi-
mental Philosophy in the London Institution; Mondays, Nov.
8, 15, 22, 29.
SECOND COURSE.-Four Lectures on Meteorology, by
E. W.'Brayley, Jun., Esq., F. L. S., F. G. S., &c.; Thursdays,
Nov. 11, 18, 25, Dec. 2.
THIRD COURSE.-Six Lectures on Manufactures, by
Edward Cowper, Esq., Lecturer on Manufacturing Art and
Machinery in King's College, London ; Mondays, Dec. 6, 13,
20, 27, and Jan. 3, 10, 1842.
FOURTH COURSE.-Three Lectures on the History and
• Antiquities of Rome, by Robert Vaughan, D.D. ; Thursdays,
Dec. 16, 23. 30. •
FIFTH COURSE.-Four Lectures on the Physical Ele-
ments of the Ancient Philosophers, by Professor Grove;
Thursdays, Jan. 6. 13, 20, 27.
SIXTH COURSE.-Six Lectures .on Painting and the
Fine Arts, by B. U. Ilaydon, Esq. ; Mondays,. Jan. 24, 31,
Feb. 7, 14, 21.
SEVENTH COURSE-Six Lectures on Church and
Chamber Music, by H. J. Gauntlett, Esq. ; Thursdays, Feb.
10, 17, 24, March 3, 10, 17.
EIGHTH COURSE.-Six Lectures on the Fossil Remains
of Extinct Animals, by D. T. Ansted, Esq., DI. A., F. G. S.,
Professor of Geology in King's College, London, and Yellow
of Jesus College, Cambridge ; Mondays, Feb. 28, March 7,
14, 21, 28, Api il4.
NINTH COURSE. -Four Lectures on Numismatics, by
John Williams, E'q. Thursdays, March 24, 31, April 7, 14.
TENTH COURSE.-Four l ectures on the Northern and
Atlantic States of America, by J. S. Buckingham, Esq. ;
Monday., April 11, 18. 25, and May 2
ELEVENTH COURSE.-Four Lectures on the Subordi-
nate Characters in • Shakspeare's Plays, by Charles Cowden
Clarke, Esq.; Thursdays, April 21, 28, May 5, 12.
N.8.-The Lectures will be uniformly commenced at Seven
o'Clock in the Evening precisely. By order,
EBENEZER TROTMAN, Assistant Secretary.

ESTABLISHED 1821.
riiHE LONDON MARBLE and STONE
A_ WORKING COMPANY, are enabled with their
PATENT MACHINERY, to execute chimney Pieces, Mo-
numents, Tablets, Slabs for Furniture, and every desaipl
tion
such Work, with an accuracy, rapidity of execution, beaut)
and durability of Polish, and reduction of co st, which cannot be
obtained elsewhere.
The Public are invited to inspect their .extensive SHOW-
ROOMS. containing the largest stock in thic country.
The Trade supplied with every description of Rough, Slab,
Blocks, or Scantlings•, or Blocks sent to the Works cut to order.
Esher-street,.l3olywell-street, Millbank, Westminster.
Please to be accurate is copying the Address, to prevent lm-
position, the Company having no connexion with any other
Establishment but that in Esher-street.

PLIBLICA'tONS.

This day is published, in one wry 'tick volume, Svo. with
numerous Woodcuts, prig 2/. 2s. cloth,
ITUMAN PHYSIOLOGY.
By J. ELL'iOTSON4.D. F.R.S.
" One of the most int( Aligent andrc;adable medical books
with which we are acqw inted. Wlle it is thoroughly
.scien-
tific in statement, it is ess entialh poplar in style. He displays
an eloquence and spirit that rarcly luminate publications of
this description."—Atlas..,
London : Longman, Bxwn, and Co.

MOORE'S POEMS.--ONLY CMPLETE EDITION.
Just completed, in 10 vail. fcp. Bvo Portrait, Frontispieces,
and Vignettes, 2/. / Os: cloth letter 4 ; or V. 10s. morocco,
THOMAS. MOORa'.''S POETICAL
WORKS.
Collected and Edited by Mr.. 11100 n. With New Prefaces.
'‘ This work is altogether exqukely brought cut. The
paper and typcmaphy are beautiful, hd it would be almost an
impossibility to excel the illuatmtins.. Of all reprints and
new editions vd our living poets, -we is"ame that this is in every
point of view^ the most efficient and ti'; most popular.'' Atlas.
London : Longman,, Brim, and Co.

~•' ~.~+

'PUBLICATIONS

On November 25 will be published, on a large Royal sheet,

---•-•-•--- price 25.,
THE STATIONER'S ALNIANACK for
1842 ; embellished with a berutiful View of the Nei:.
son Pillar, erecting by William Ilailtoa, Esq., Architect, &c.,
in Trafalgar-square, and of the impromnents about to be made
in the site of the square.
London : printed for the Company of Stationers, and sold
by G. Greenhill, at their s Ball, Ludgate-street; and by all
Booksellers throughout the country.
*,,* Proof Impressions of the Plate are taken off cn large
paper, and sold at 3s. each.
. .

TREES OF GR.E.pdciIitITAII.N. •
In 8 thick volumes, Bvo., cot;•:,istie,•-
letter-Tress, above 400 pia' ma et. lies, and upwards ut 2,500
woodcuts, price 101., clot
,h letterer
ARBORETUM et FRITICE'rUM BRI-
TANNICUM • of above 3,000 pages of
or, the Hat, Trees of Great Britain,
Native and Foreign, 'Actorially an Botannically delineated,
and Scientifically ar.d Popularly detribed. By J. C. LOU-
DON, F.L.S., B'.c., Author of the Fincvelopmdias of Garden-
ing:, Agrictf,tirc, Plants, Cottage Achitecture, &c. &c. '
" Contains such a mass of informaion on the subject of trees
as. was never before collected togethr, and as must render it
i adi,pensa.ble to every country genthrtart and lauded proprie-
I xr."—Times.

!d ; and in

On November 25 will be published, price 6d. sower
various bindings at proportionate prices,
G
OLDSMITH'S POCKET ALM ANACK
For 1842.
*.* A further increase of eight pages is added this year to
this old favourite of the public, which are principally occupied
by a large collection .of Historical Memoranda, forming a mi-
niature Tablet of Memory. It contains also, as formerly, the
Queen's Ilousehold—Great Officers of State and Public Offices
—the Two Houses of Parliarnent—Universities—Schools--L-
City Offices, &c. &c.
London : printed for the CernFany of Stationers, and sold 14.
G. Greenhill, at their Hall, Ludwate-street ; as well Ls by all
Bookseller§ throUghout the Kingdom.

London : Longman, Drvr.a, and Co.

'This day, in 4 vols. Svo., embellishet with Portraits and many
other Ilitutraions
M EMOIRS of CH.6. ittE'S MATHEWS,
coma! dian
• .

ARRIVAL of the INFANT HARPIST,
(From the Rotunda, Dublin.)
This extraordinary and interesting CHILD, AEA Fanny
Gregory, only FOUR YEARS of age, who had the honour
of performing before the LORD LIEUTENANT and the
IRISH COURT, made her First Appearance in England
at the ROYAL ADELAIDE GALLERY, L, tWTHER
ARCADE. WEST STRAND, on Tuesday Rvcning last, as-
tonishing the company present by the precision and pathos of
her performance on that difficult instrument, the Harp ; she
will continue her performance every Tuesday, Thursday, and
Saturday Evening, and on Mondays, Wednesdays, and F4ridays,
in the Afternoon, between Three and Half-past Four o'clock.
Open, Mornings, from Eleven to Five ; Evenings, from
Seven to Ten o'clock. Admission, One Shilling.

By Mrs. .liiATIEWS.
A Second Edition of Vols. I. ani !I of this Work has recently
been Tnbtshel.
L 0 Every page of this W(.0...tk. teens with entertainment."—
Mernkiig Chronicle.
• Riehard, Bentley, New Earlington-street.
PaliMier ir, Ordinary her Alajesty.

On November 25 will be pu Wished, price is..,
THE FAMILY ALMANACK ; or Annual
Compendium of Useful Information for heads of Famf-
lies, for 1542.
London : printed for the Company of Station era ; and spld
by G. Greenhill, at their Hall, Ludgate-street.; and by, ill
Booksellers throughout the Kingdom•
"„''' Besides the usual Calendar and general information of
an Almanack, the publication of this year will contain an. al-
phabetical list of all the endowed Grammar Se cools of England
and Wales, with the scholarships and exhibrticns to which eath'
is entitled at the two Universities, informal ion highly intet;est-•
inn to the heads of families—a copious Table .01 Historical Me-
moranda—Monthly Notices for the Manage' sent of the Kitchen
and Flower Gardens, and a variety of hints, for domestic use:.

WORKS 'JF DANIEL DE FOE.
• In One Voter je, duodecimo, price ss. bound,
HE NOVFAS and MISCELLANEOUS
WORKS DANIEL DE FOE, Vol. 20, completing
the • work. This, volume contains the Life of De Foe, by
Chahners;', and several scarce Tra;:ts, printed verbatim from
the otigiPal F.Afitions.
• ' Any Volume of this wort sold separately.
,Loi,,cloiti Printed for Thomas Tear, Cheapside ; and sold
'or a4l•Vtiier Booksellers.
•

tiOYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITU-
TION, REGENT-STREET.—MORNINGS and
EVENINGS except SATURDAY EVENINGS.
ARTISTS, ENGINEERS, and INVENTORS of merit
will in future have their Works Illustrated and Described in
Rotation, with the view of further promoting and securing the
Public attention to their deserts, and of increasing the variety
of New Popular Lectures. The subject of one of the NEW
LECTURES is Professor CLARK'S PATENT PROCESS
for PURIFYING the WATERS SUPPLIED to the ME-
TROPOLIS. The DISSOLVING VIEWS, with Additions.
The DISSOLVING ORRERY, MICROSCOPE, and nearly
Two Thousand Works of eminent Art. Science, and Ingenuity.
The Diving Bell and Diver. A VIEW of CANTON, ela.
borately finished by a CHINESE ARTIST, and other COS-
MORAMIC VIEWS, are added to the Evening Exhibition.
In the Music several admired Airs are new, and co oposed ex-
pressly for the Institution by Mr. 'Pt S. Wallis, the Conductor.
Admission to the whole, One Shilling.
Opens at Half-past Ten o'clock in the Morning, and Seven
o'clock in the Evening.

On November 25 will be published, price Is.,
THE ENGLISHMAN'S 2LLMANACN
or, Daily Calendar of General information for
United Kingdom, for the year 1842.
London : printed for the Company of S tationers, and sold
G Greenhill, at their Hall, Ludgate-strc et ; and by all Book-
sellers throughout the Kingdom. •
4`* This Almanack contains the New 'Ministry end other
Grea,,t Officers of State—the Royal House. golds—the Pubic''
Offices, with their principal Officers, as we:11 as those of gt,
Army, Navy, Ordnance, and tl-e Law—Two. Lists of the NAST
Parliament, one in the alphabetical arrangon lent of seats, the'
other of the Representatives—the House of Peers, with the%
date of the birth of each Member, and his Motto—the Corpo-
ration of London—Bankers, Assurance Officf ;s, and Commer-
cial Companies—the Universities and higher Schools—a Som.
mary of the Acts of the late Session of Parliainent—aud a great
variety of other useful information in daily rc.e-uisition.

11, LACKWOO D'S STAND ARD NO-
VELS. 'to be Published in Monthly Volumes.
Price Six tr.hill:lngs.4f
elegg'alinetPfuob,..llniF.,n, ers beg; to arnounce, that they have made ar-
rangements for brii4i,ging before the Public, in a cheap and
se,ties of NOVELS, ROMANCES, and
TALES, of acknoydedged werit.
The, S.,eries.will biioeautifally printed in small Octavo, each
V°)ulc..e so arranged its to form a complete Work, and embel-
.lisne a with a Portrait or Frontispiece, from Paintings made
exvs.acqsly for the purpose, by Eminent Artists..
The Volume for INovember, contains—The ANNALS of
the PARISH, and the AYRSHIRE LEGATEES, by JOHN
GALT, With a Portrait of the Author, Engraved by Shaw,
after Thomson; and 'a Biographical Memoir by Delta.
Printed for William Blackwood and Sons, hdinburgh and
London ; and sold by all Booksellers.

On November 25 will be published. price Is.,
THE MECHANICS' ALMANACIK,
And Engineers' Year Book for L 842.
Besides a complete Calendar and the usual Lists, this ii ima-
neck will contain a great variety of original and instructi co ar_.
ticks of interest to Mechanics, Engineers. and the W•orkir,g
Classes generally, including
.notices of new Machines and Tools,
Lists of Patents and New Desi,lns registered, Abstr-„ts of Re-
cent Acts of Parliament and Reports of Conunitt,:CS affecting
-.lustre-.lustre and Trade ; Effect of the Price of Brea don wapesT '
Importance of Educatiori le -nrccn...,— , Qt. fa „c iti...pi;i4e-
making at Home and abroad; Progress of f;tcam Navigation-
a ! ailsvoys ; and Historical Sketches of tine Woollen, Silk,
Lu en, and Cotton Trades ; numerous Tabbssng Calculations
:.nd Rules for
the facilitating of Mechanical and Engineering
The rapid progress now making in every department of En-
gineering, and the vast increase of persons applying themselves
to that pursuit. has induced the Editor to make it a more dia-
tinct feature of the Almanack than on for filer. years.s
Printed for the Company of Station
.era, and old by George
London.
Greenhill, at their Hall, Ludgate-str do,

nLACKWOOD'S EDINBURGH MA-
GAZINE, No. CCCXIII,, for NOVEMBER.

NOTICE is hereby given, that by Indenture,
dated the 4th day of September, 1841, JOHN HAY
WILSON, of Gateshead, in the county of Durham, merchant
(since deceased), and WILLIAM' YOUNG, of the borough
of Sunderland, in the same countyr, merchant (who lately car-
ried on business as merchant, in partnership, at Newcastle-.
upon-Tyne, Sunderland, aforesaid, Stockton-upon-Tees, and
Hartlepool, under the firm of John Hay Wilson and Company),
(1/d asaign ante Ralmriann,
the younger, agent, and Mathew Nesbit, agent, all of New-
castle-upon-Tyne, all the estate and effects belonging to the
said John Bay Wilson, and William Young, jointly; and all
the estate and effects belonging to the said John Hay Wilson,
separately, upon the trusts therein mentioned, for 'the benefit of
all the joint creditors of the said John Hay Wilson. and
William Young, and the separate creditors of the said John.
Hay Wilson ; and that the said Indenture was executed by the
said John Hay Wilson, on the 7th day of the said month of
September; by the said William Young, on the 24th day of the
same month ; and by the said William Robertson, William An-
derson, and Matthew Nesbit, on the 27th day of the same
month ; and that the execution of the said Indenture, by the
said John Hay Wilson, is attested by William Kell, of Gates-
head, aforesaid, attorney-at.law, and the execution, thereof, by
the said William Young, William Robertson, William Ander-
son, and Matthew Nesbit, is attested by Thomas Hutchinson
Apedaile, of Gateshead, aforesaid, attorney-at-law.
The said indenture now lies at the office of Messrs. Bates
and Dees, solicitors, in Newcastle .upon-Tyne, for perusal, and
execution by the creditors.

CONTENTS':-

I. European History—ll. Sketches of Italy— 111. Report
from the Select Committee on Fine Arts—lV. Chapters of
Turkish History, No. 7, The First Siege of Vienna—V. He-
braistics--VI. Homer and the Homeridm. Part 2, " The
Grandfathers and Grandchildren ; in a Letter
to Eusebius—Vlll. The Canadas,--IX. A Conservative Song
—X. Social and Moral Condition 'of the Manufacturing, Dis-
tricts in Scotland—Xl. Billi-oonoe--XII. Fivicheon Woods,
by .15. ninnwni.—Xlll. Canton lixpedition and Convention.
William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, and 22, Pall-mall,
London.

On November 25 will be pub]isbcd, price Is.,
PHE MEDICAL ALIVIANACK ; or,
..11_ Calendar of Prledical Information for 1842.

In addition to foe usual Calendar and Tables, this Pub-
lication will contain--An Account of the British Medical
Corporations, with tin& recent Regulations—The Medical Be-
nevolent Societies —A List of the various Scientific Institutions,
with their Officers, Days a.nd Hours of fleeting, &c.—A List
of the Metropolitan and Provincial Hospitals and Dispensaries,
with the Names of the Medical Staff, Days of Admission,
Operations, &c.—Tables; of the London and Provincial Medi-
cal Schools, containing the Names of the Professors, the Days
and Neurs of Lecture, Fees, &c.—The British Universities,
with their New Regulations for granting Degrees—The Rules
of the Army and Navy Medical Departments—Medical Statis-
tics, Chronology, &c. ; the whole intended as a summary of
useful information, not only to the Profession, but to the Public
iu general, in reference t' Medical Institutions, ike.
London : printed for the Company of Stationers, and sold
by G. Greenhill, at their Hall, Ludgate-street; and by all
Booksellers throughout the Kingdom.

VICTORIA LIFE ASSURANCE AND
LOAN COMPANY.
No. 18, King William-street, City.
Sir JAMES DUKE, M.P., Chairman.
BENJAMIN HAWES, Esq.. Deputy Chairman.
William Allen, Esq. John Knill, Esq.
Benjamin Barnard, Esq. John Nolloth, Esq.
Charles Baldwin, Esq. 'I horn ,s Nesbitt, Esq.
James Cockburn, Esq. Major-General Robe'rtson
Bryan Donkin, Esq., } R.S. Daniel Sutton, jun., Esq.
Aaron Goldsmid, Esq. O'Bry an Bellingham Woolsey,
James Law Jones, Esq. Ese.-
E.OLICITUR3.— hle:srs. Lake and Curtis, FO, Basinghall-s _rect.
Assurances of every description may be effected by this Cen -
party, on a scale entitling parties to participate in profits, or on
a low non-participating scale. Premiums, in any case, made
payable to suit the convenience of Assurers. Loans, repayable
by instalments, are granted to parties assured with the Corn.
pany, on a liberal and advantageous plan, either on real or
undoubted Personal Security.
WILLIAM RATRAY, ACTUARY AND SECRETARY.

MA, THEMATICAL ALMANACK.
On Novoember 25 will be published, price is. 4d.,
THE LADY'S and GENTLEMAN'S
DIARY for 1842 ; originally designed for the amuse-
ment and 4.nstruction of Students in Mathematics; comprising
many useful and entertaining particulars interesting to all per-
sons enw,aged in that delightful pursuit.
Lone.on : printed for the Company of Stationers, and sold
by. G. Greenhill, at their Hall, Ludgate-street ; and sold by
ail Booksellers throughout the country.
**. It is well known that the Gentleman's Diary and the
-Lady's Diary have been for very many years published as two
distinct Almanacks ; but as many of the Correspondents were
contributors to both, it has been considered desirable to con-
dense the interest by uniting them in one publication. This
was done last year, and the consequence has been such a vast
increase of contributions, that the Editor has found the space of
three sheets inadequate to do them justice. The Company,
therefore, considering that this united Almanack may be the
means of still further encouraging the growth of Mathematical
study, by being the depository of the aspiring student and in-
quirer, have determined to extend the size by '24 additional
pages, being convinced that the proportionate extra price of
4d. will not be regarded as an objection.

PROMOTER LIFE ASSURANCE and
ANNUITY COMPANY, 9, Chatham Place, Black-
friars, London. Established in 1826.

DIRECTORS.
W.Cloodenough Hayter,Esq., M.P. Robert Palk, Esq.
Charles Johnston, Esq. John Louis Prevost, Esq.
John Towgood Kemble, Esq. SAmuel Smith, Esq.
John Shaw Lcfcvre, F.R.S. Le Marchant Thomas, Esq.

TRUSTEES.
John Deacon, Esq., John G. Shaw Lefevre, Esq., F.R. S.,

Charles Johnston, Esq.

The leading Advantages of this Office are—
A low rate of Premium, without profits, or an increased
rate of Premium, with participation in the profits of the Office.
The following are the annual Premiums required for the as-
surance of 1001. on a healthy life in either case :

iFITS.

VIITIIO'

T PROFI'

Just published, the Seventh Edition, price 3s. ; and sent free,
on receipt of a Post-office order, for 3s. 6d.,
MANHOOD ; the CAUSES of its PRE-
MATURE DECLINE, with plain Directions for
ITS PERFECT RESTORATION; addressed to those
suffering from the destructive effects of Excessive Indulgence,
Solitary Habits, or Infection ; followed by Observations on
the Treatment of Syphilis, Gonorrhcea, Gleot, &c., illus-
trated with cases, &c. By J. L. CURTIS and COMPANY,
Consulting Surgeons, London.
SEVENTH EDITION.

Published by the Authors, and sold by Balliere, Medical
Bookseller to the Royal College of Surgeons, 219, Regent-
street; Strange, 21, Paternoster-row; Pattie. 4, Bridges-
street, Strand, London ; Guest, Birmingham ; Sowler, 4, St.
li,nn's-square, Manchester ; Philip, South Castle-street, Liver-
pool; Machen and Co., 8, D'Olier.street, Dublin; Duncan,
114, High-street, Edinburgh ; and to be had of all Booksellers
The following are a few of the numerous testimonials this
popular work has received, and which the limits of an adver-
tisement will only allow of being published :
The rage for books in all departments of Science, literature,
and the arts, was, we believe, never so prevalent as at the pre-
sent time. The unavoidable consequence of this is, that we
meet a very considerable proportion of indifferent, uselcos, and
even bad books. With the force of this prejudice on our
minds, we with no little-reluctance were induced to peruse
Messrs. Curtis's work, entitled "Manhood ;" nor d:d it re-
quire much perusal fully to satisfy us that the book was not
one of the common stamp. The scientific views taken by the
authors of the source and origin of many of the most distressing
effects of certain depraved habits, fully establish their claim to
the character of experienced and judicious surgeons. To
quote passages from the work in proof of our assertion would
be departing from the established rules of the daily press. The
result, however, of our careful perusal of the work, has been
to impress us with a thorough confidence in the talent and
skill of the authors, and to satisfy us that those entrusted with
the care of youth are not a little indebted to them for fur-
nishing them with a means of preventing some of the most
frightful maladies to which flesh is heir.—Old England.
Messrs. Curtis's work, entitled "Manhood," is one of the
few books now coming before the public on such a subject which
can lay claim to t'..e character of being strictly professional, at
the same time that it is fully intelligible to all who read it.
The moral and medical precepts given in it, render it invalu-
able.—Magnet.
The perusal of Messrs. Curtis's book entitled " Manhood,"
has really astonished us by developing a.series of maladies, the
never-failing consequence of the vicious habit of which it
treats. The clear connexion pointed out between the assigned
cause and the effects is perceptible to every capacity. We
strongly recommend the work.—Age.
The multitude of books daily coming from the press, some,
nay most of them of a very questionable tendency, made us ex -
trsmely reluctant to take up another. Having, however, been
induced by the character given of this work by an intelligent
friend, we ventured to open its pages, and now feel no liesita •
tinn in saying that we arise from its perusal instructed awl
edified. The clear exposition of the source of many of those
diseases which proves so fatal to youth, and which are set
down by the every-day observer as the result of common
causes, such as exposure to cold, sudden vicissitudes of tempe-
rature, hereditary taint, &c., is truly convincing and extre-
mely satisfactory. We say " satisfactory," inasmuch as Messrs.
Curtis have shown that many diseases, such as Pulmonary
Consumption, Epilepsy, &c., hitherto the opprobria of medi-
cine, may, when taken in proper time, and submitted to judi-
cious treatment, be brought to as favourable a termination
as any other class of affections. We do not think we go too
far in saying that society is deeply indebted to the authors for
producing so useful, so much wanted, so valuable, awl so truly
moral a book.—Conservative Journal.

We recommend the work entitled " Manhood," &c., to the
careful perusal of persons of all classes. The moral as well as
physical advantages sure to result from such perusal, will be
most readily recognised and felt by those who stand most in
need of them.—Statesman.
Messrs. Curtis and Company are to be consulted daily at
their residence, No. 7, Frith-street, Soho-square, London.
Country Patients are requested to be as minute as possible
in the detail of their cases.—As to the duration of the com-
plaint, the symptoms, age, general habits of living, and occu-
pation in life of the party ; the communication must be ac-
companied by the usual consultation fee of 1/. without which,
no notice whatever can be taken of their application ; and in
all cases the Most inviolable secresy may be relied chi.

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DISTRESS AT BOLTON.
Our.readers may remember that Dr. Bowring brought
before the House .of Commons. in a discussion on the
Corn-laws, some cases of, individual distress at Boltdm
that Sir Robert Peel caused nil inqUiry to ho made ltitn
the circumstances stated by rsr. Bowring, and that on the
report made by the Assistant Poor-law CommiSsioner
who prosncutea the inquiry, Sir James Graham and Sir
Rolsert Peel persuaded the House to believe that the
statements made by Pr, DoWring Were eitaggerated, its
not unfounded. Since the close of Parliament Mr. Com-
missioner Mott's report has been published, and has
been exultingly quoted by the Tories as a floorer for Dr.
Bowring and the Bolton Anti-Corn-law agitators. In
self-vindication the litter have collected evidence en the
subject, and have published the result in a small pam-
phlet. It is impossible for us to give entire Mr.. Mott's
report and Mr. Naisby's vindication, but we shall endea-
vour to place the matter fairly before our readers, and
enable them to decide as to the credibility of the two
statements.
Dr. Bowring said in the House of Commons, speaking,
on the authority of Mr. Naisby I visited (says the
informant) a man and his wife, with four children ; I
found two of the children lying on a piece of straw.
without any covering. I went up stairs. and found the
father dead on the boards, Without bedding or bed. His
wife told me that the day before he died he wished fur a
little bread and cheese, bat in Vain. Thel neighbours
said he had died for want of fool" Another' wretched
case.—" A man, his Wife, and 'two daughters (it is a
Guardian of the Poor who speaks) lived in a cellar, the
vvifla and daughters out of work ; this man earned about
four shillings par week by weaving ; I was fetched by
the neighbours, who told me the man had died of hun-
ger ; I found him lying dead on one of the 16oms ; they
had neither bed nor bedding. I caused a Jury to be
summoned; their verdict was, 'Died for want of food.'"
He felt a difficulty in selecting cases from the many
mournful examples he held in his hand. His correspondent
had been called. ass visit a family which he was informed
was in a state of starvation. He found the father had
just sold all he had to pay his rent, and had re:nored,
with his family, to his father's, whither he followed him,
and found the man, his wife, and four children ; another
brother, his wife, and three children ; a third brother,
his wife, and one child, all the men out of work—all the
women far advanced in pregnancy, in a house four-and-a
half yards square ; they all slept in a room above of the
same size, and lay upon little but straw.
THE CASE OF JAMES PEARCE.—We shall follow Mr.
Mott, in speaking of this case first. Into Dr. Bowring's
statement, Mr. Mott was deputed to inquire, and ac-
cordingly he went to Bolton, where he appear.? to have
remained one day. "I found," he says, " that the case
in which it was represented that a Coroner's Inquest
had given a verdict of Died for want of food,' was that
of William Pearce: With regard to this case no ver-
dict was given by a Coroner's jury." How Mr. Mott
found this' out, seventeen months after the event, does
not appear. lie ascertained that Mr. Taylor, the Coro-
ner for the borough, had held no inquest ; hut Mr. Mott
admits that Mr. Rutter, the Coroner for the county, and a
Coroner's jury went to the house of W. Pearce; but Mr. Rut-
ter was then satisfied, says Mr. Mott, " that the circurue
stances under which Pearce died were not such as to require
an investigation by a Coroner's jury. Mr. Mott might have
obtained Mr. Rutter's attestation of. the fact, as he ob-
tained Mr. Taylor's certificate, and not having obtained
it, Mr. Mott's assertion wants the support of evidence
which might have been easily produced. Mr. Naisby
states that the circumstances were inquired into by a Co-
roner's jury, and that "-one of the jury called upon me
the day the inquest was held, knowing I had taken an
active part in getting an inquest over the body, and
stated they had returned a verdict—Died from want of
food; and as a proof that that was the impression of the
jury, Mr. Staten, reporter for the Bolton Chronicle, who
Was one of the jury, stated at the Guardian meeting on
Friday, the 10th of September last, in reply to a question
from a Guardian, That he was on the jury, and they re-
turned a verdict of—Died from want of food.' This
proves that the jury were of that opinion, whether the
Coroner recorded .the verdict or not. No one ever
thought of disputing that the man died from want of
food."
On this part of the case it is clear that there was
an investigation, and that the jury came to a decision,
which decision appears not to have been recorded, a
loose mode of practice, which perhaps explains why Mr.
Rutter was not called on to state the particulars of the
case from his official records. Dr. Bowring. and Mr.
Naisby were wrong as to the verdict, but the important
inquiry is whether the death of Wm. Pearce was caused
by destitution and starvation. Mr. Mott's report runs thus:
—" I visited the house in Howell's Croft, and examined
the widow, Ellen Pearce, and the statement made by
her would certainly not justify the Charge of her hus•
band's having died of want of food. She informed me
that her husband died in the math of February, 1840,
being above a year and a half ago ; that he was 65
years of age ; that he had been ill 18 weeks ; that he
had plenty of work when he could do it; that he had
worked at' intervals during that time, and that her Self
and two daughters were fully employed, and were earn-
ing together about Os. 6d. per week at the time of her
husband's death.; that he had not applied for relief, for
they were comfortable then.' "
For this assertion Mr. Met, has the widow's evidence,
and the negative statement of several guardians and
relieving officers that they knew of no such cases. He
also has the registered certificate of Pearce's death, at
65 years of age, from gradual decay. At the same time
lie admits, that after such a length of time " it is difficult
for persons to recollect the particulars of the case."
Difficult therefore for Mr. Mott to collect evidence from
otheepersons than those who noted the case at the time,
and recorded their impressions, but not difficult for
them. Now their statements are to the following effect:
—" Thomas Bradshaw deposes as follows—l was elected
relieving officer to the Relief Fund Society on the 22d
of February last year. On the Sunday following my
appointment to such office, I was waited on by Mr. Coop,
comb-maker, of Great Bolton, who stated that a man
residing near his house was starving to death—this
would be about eight o'clock in the evening. Mr. Coop
requested that I would immediately go and see him. I
did so. And. when I get to the place alluded to by Mr.
Coop, I found Mrs. Coop there, and the man dead. I
was informed he had been dead about a quarter of an
hour. I felt the corpse, and it was still warm. I noticed
the cellar to be in a very wretched state. Through the
wall of the back part of the cellar I perceived dirty
filthy water oozing through the crevices of the bricks,
which I afterwards found proceeded from a midden-
stead adjoining the collar. There was a nauseous smell,
and which I considered very unhealthy. All the furni-
ture in the cellar was a small three-legged table, an old
Chair with scarcely any bottom ; and a. three-legged
stool, such as children use ; there was a small bed-
stead, on which was placed some sacking, containing
shavings ; the shavings were quite visible through
the sacking. There was no covering. The bed was
quite wet with damp, and stunk with filth ; so much so,
that I gave orders to have it burned ; which, I believe,
was done after deceased was buried. The corpse of
Pearce lay on a loom, without any covering, but
Mrs. Coop lent them a pair of sheets. The value of the
furniture altogether, I should consider, would not fetch
2s. if sold. I asked the woman and her daughters whether
they had any food. They said, " They had not tasted
that day." I went to my house, and brought them a
quantity of broth, which they all devoured very vora-
ciously. I was in the cellar whilst they partook of it,
and one of the daughters, immediately after she had taken
of it, began to vomit very much, which I attributed to
an excess of appetite, andbeing kept without food so long
previously. I may add, that previously to partaking of
the broth, they began to quarrel amongst themselves
which had the greatest portion. I reported the case, and
they were duly relieved. On the 'Tuesday following,
the Committee sat, and they were ordered to be relieved.
I now refer to the book in which the Distressed Cases'
are entered, and I find that they were relieved with a
grant of three shillings per week. I find the following
entry, Pearce, Ellen, widow, Howell-croft, to receive 3s.
per week for an unlimited period ; and the following entry
in the remarks, Husband supposed to have died from
want.' "
James Webster, a town missionary at: Bolton, who
received information that Pearce had died from want.
went to his house on the 24th of February, and his.
evidence precisely confirms that of Mr. Bradshaw. The
case is entered on the Benevolent Society's books, as in
the books of the Relief Fund Society, " Died for Want
of Food."
Nancy Beswick, who had known Pearce for four years
before his death, makes a similar statement, and con-
firms the destitution of the Pearces by many particulars.
We will quote a portion of her evidence :
" About three weeks previVus to the death of Pearce
I stood against my own door-step and saw Pearce com-
ing towards my house. There are three steps up to my
house. He looked very wan, and pale as death, and was
so weakly that to get on to my house floor he had to go
down on his hands and knees and creep up. He had
been in the habit of weaving for us some months before,
and I had missed him for a month about the day I am
now speaking of. When he got in he said, Nancy, do,
bless you, snake a sup of tea, for I am dying for want.'
I made him some tea and a little toast, and he devoured
it very greedily. When he had done it, he told me all
that he had had for three or four weeks back ; he had
had nothing but a basin of gruel per day to subsist upon.
In about a quarter of an hour after the old man had had
the tea lie was seized with sickness, and I had to obtain
the assistance of neighbours, for I thought he was dying.
We reared him up in chairs with pillows, and in about
three-quarters of an hour he came round. I then asked
him why he clammed himself to such a degree, and he said
as lie did not belong to Bolton he could not get relief. He
pulled up his trousers and showed me his legs, and they
appeared nothing but skin and bone, and it was frightful
to see him. He was taken home by my husband, and
I and his wife went to the Overseers' office to represent
the case to them. We sew Bridge, the assistant to the
Relieving Officer, and told him the case, and he was very
saucy, and said we had better mind our own business.
I gave in the name of Pearce to the officer myself, for
although his wife was present wizen the officer asked her
husband's name she could not tel and desired me to do so.
The officer said he would visit the case, but whether he
ever did so or not I never ascertained, and I never heard
anything more until about three weeks afterwards, which
was that he was dead. I heard this the same night that
he died, and went to' the cellar. I there found them in a
most shocking state, and the cellar smelled so much thpt
I could not remain in it. die was laid out on the loom,

?RICE 5d

With a Sliedt eta him. I noticed in the back cellaran the
he
re
was a sewer, or itildden channel,All
floor was covered with nauseous filth ati:l water..4tt
d t
ran through,
the goodi in the house were a Indian three-lel,,zed
a Stool, Attie, and the bed, made of stlekingS ' oue,
t
ahbl
covering. I went again on the Monday Morning,
turned down the sheet to look at the corpse, and there
were hundreds of creeping filth upon him. I pointed out
the filth to his wife, and she appeared to be gutter:Mt."
iYilliant Coop's evidence is precisely to the same
effect, completely corroborating that of Mr. Bradshaw.
We have on the one hand the testimony of four appa-
rently disinterested witnesses to the shocking destitution
Of the family, and we have on the other the denial of the
wife, who insists that they were comfortable before her
husband died, and thenegatiVe evidence o f some Guardians.
But if the family had any earnings, as Mr. Mott states they
had, it would be a terrible reproach to the widow had her
husband died of want, and she not given him relief, or,
wanting the means, had not sought out the proper quarter
for assistance. She had strong motives for making out
a case in her own favour, and we consider, therefere, not•
withstanding her assertion, and the certificate-4f death
which proceeded from her, that the balance og#stitriony
justifies the assertion that Win. Pearce died froul rvation.
Dr. Bowring and Mr. Naisby spoke the strict truth, except
as to the doubtful circumstance of the verdict. At the
same time the death of ans aged Man, surrounded by a
family, whom all the witneises'deieribe as of 'waik in-
tel leet, And renderinghinttw aisistance,is no evidence what-
ever of the working of either the Cern-law or tliwPoor-
law, and ought never to Lye been quoted in Parliament.
In all individual cases so much' depends ;on, the
character and prudence of the individual, that it is very
rarely such cases can be adduced as a general rule,!tor as
illustrating a law. . •
JAMES Brusron.—The next case, that of James Bris-
tol, does not seem to us to afford any contradiatiOn! Mr.
Mott's statement is this : i •
" This man emigrated with his family from Alton
Priors in Wiltshire, in 1836. He was then 35 years of
arid his wife, Ann, was also about the . setae age.
They had six children, three of whom were Of suitably
ages for the factory work. lie emigrate through
the agency of your Board, and consequently had' some.
difficulty in procuring wortas,-Sucb a familas would,
through the migration agency, have obtainedfernploy-
ment for a period of five years, at not less than 305. per
week ; but James Bristol could only procure work fur
himself, and engaged with a master at 15s. per week.
The relieving officer, Mr. Brown, states, that he was
applied to by Bristol's family, some months before his
death ; that the Guardians ordered him to be relieved
with 2s. GI per week for four weeks, and reported his
case to the parish to which the family belonged ; that
an answer was received, refusing to allow him out-
relief, but offering to take him and his family back ;
that he communicated this to James Bristol, and they
did not apply again ; that. he afterwards met with an
accident in his master's employment, which rendered him
incapable of working, and reduced him and his family
to ;great distress."
The widow's statement is as follows:--
" Ann Bristol says—My husband died about two years
age. I recollect, when he was laid out dead, Mr. Naisby
then coming to visit us. My husband was laid out on
the necessary, door, up stairs, covered over with a sheet,
which a neighbour had lent us. I was lame myself at
the time, and could not walk. My child was blind at
the time, having the St. Anthony's Fire: she was then
neatly sixteen years of age. I had another daughter,
very also, aged abbut thirtCen years. I had four
other children besides, the eldest of which was nearly
eighteen years of age, the next nine years of age, the
next seven year of age, and the other four years old;
altogether I had six children. For three weeks pre-
vious to my husband's death we had nothing but three
shillings per week coming in; and we had to live some-
times on potatoes, sometimes on porridge; but had only
one meal a day, which we generally made about four
o'clock in the afternoon. I think it was for a fortnight
that we had to confine ourselves to one meal a day,
sometimes having porridge and sometimes potatoes.
When Mr. Naisby found us in this state, we got more
food. otherwise I believe I should have lost more of my
children, for we had got as far distressed as we well
could be to be alive. About five months previous to my
husband's death I had a child sucking, which died; and
I feel sure that its death was occasioned by my not being
able to give it suck, for want of sustenance. I had no
bed, bedding, or anything whereon to lay; when Mrs
Naisby visited us. I had only a stool whereon to sit, for
myself. I had no shop where I could get provisions at:
they all refused to give me credit. My husband wished
for a bit of cheese and bread, the day before he died,
but I was unable to procure him any."
It is confirmed by the statement of Betty Drown,
which we quote for the illustration it affords of the ter-
rible condition of the poor at Bolton :
" Betty Brown says, I knew the last witness's husband
previous to his death, also all the family for about two
years. At the time of the death of Bristol, I laid him
out, on the top of a necessary door. I assisted to undress
him, he having died with his clothes on, in which he had
lain for many weeks, having nothing besides to keep bins
warm ; when I cut his trowsers legs and stocking legs
open, there were large quantities of creeping
.filth, which
had eaten quite into the flesh, and his legs were nothing but
putrid flesh and scabs. He had nothing but straw to lie
upon, which was spread on the floor. One of her chil-
dren had tho St. Anthony's Fire, and the . rest were all
more or less very sickly and bad. They all slept together
in one room, and the wife of Bristol had a great hole in
her less, and could not walk or assist her husband ; but
after she' had received relief and had got bedding, she
began to come round. I recollect Mr. Naisby coming
down, when Bristol was laid out on the necessary door,
and I then told him the man had died for want, and I
know such to be the case."
THE KIRKMANS' CASE.—On the third case, that of the
Kirkmans, there is too little difference of statement to
require an observation. It is admitted on both sides
that the Kirkmans were crowded into a 'small room, that
they were bricklayers out of work, and that when their
condition was known to the guardians of the poor they
were relieved. We agree with Mr. Mott that the case
does not imply "inattention to the wants of the necessi-
tous poor." On the whole we conclude that Mr. Mott's
report confirms all the material points of Mr. Naisby s and
Dr. Bowring's statement, except that a verdict, in the
case of Pearce, was recorded that he died of starvation.
The substance was there, the form was wanting.
We cannot, however, close our remarks without ad-
verting to Mr. Mott and his employers. In the debate
Sir Robert Peel made a remark which threw the blame,
if any, of the miseries which Dr. Bowring had • detailed
on the mode in which the Poor-law was administered.
A Poor-law Commissioner was sent to inquire into it,
and his great object throughout obviously was to exone-
rate the administration of the Poor-law from any im-
putation of not attending to the wants of the necessitous
poor. The Learned Comtnissionerkept this object in view,
throughout his brief and hurried investigation, and en-
deavoured to make out a case favourable to the Poor-law.
It does not inspire us with any confidence in his impar-
tiality, when we find, at the commencement of his re-
port, these remarks, which had no relation whatever to
the case in hand, in which, according to his own state-
ment, no verdict was recorded
" It is to be lamented that verdicts should be given,
implying such an awful neglect of duty as that of al-
lowing a fellow-breature to die of want, without the
most satisfactory corroborative evidence A
case has recently occurred in Manchester, where the
verdict of the Coroner's Jury, on the body of a poor
woman, was Died of diseased lungs, and other
and want of food.' relieving officer had received
no notice of the inquest, and the Coroner, on being ap-
plied to by the officer to offer an explanation, admitted that,
had his evidence been received on the inquest, the Jury
could not have returned such a verdict. In the town of
Liverpool, last year, no less than seven different verdicts
by Coroners' Juries declared the persons to have Died
from want of the common necessaries of life.' On in-
vestigation it turned out that, in five cases out of seven,
money was found on the person ; and one was the case of
a young man of wild, dissipated habits, who was at the
time of his death, and had been for some weeks pre-
viously, living with his father, a respectable man, at
Liverpool, and in nc. her case had any application been
made to the parochial authorities for assistance."
Mr. Mott, then,
imputations
his investigation in the spirit of
poaur
fiercely repelling on the administration ofnthe Poor-laws, and that spirit he carried through.
out. He is a partisan, not an i
a t u do" .ee
e
and if there were any need, which there is not,
we should
ld impartial
to doubt on the subject,
conclude that Mr. Mott was not to be trusted. Promptedl j
more by zeal than by his instructions, he
his way to make comparisons between the
went out of
eeu the number of
houses built at Bolton and' the numb
satisfy his Corn-law employers, maderequired, and to
the hardy asser-
tion that " there are now 3,456 more
than the number required."houses in Bolton
his observations that the e ?
Bt Mr. Mott proves by
l e u
of
lodged. In every one of people
t
h
Bolton are badly
ree cases quoted, the
people had most miserable accommodation. To provide
eith
the inhabitants of Bolton
B better lodgings is a
praiseworthy speculation.
guide their operations ? Inythvelat rule could builders
guide 1837thereiers
was
ld
great prosperity in the manufacturingy districtsal ;and l
builders, •
humg no more prescience than lawmakers, did
not foresee the distress that was to come in 1838, 1839,
and 1840. They followed the only practicable rule they
could have for their conduct—the progressive increase of
the population, in numbers and wealth prior to 1837,
in constructing houses in the following years. That
those houses are not wanted, according to Mr.
Mott, is a proof of the fatal stop which
has been put to the prosperity of Bolton.
Instead of Mr. Mott reporting to his employers that
there were too many houses in Bolton, he ought to have
a
reported that the prosperity of the town had retceenivctl4,c
i severe blow, as was proved by numberless untenanted
tenements, .111
tenements, while the wretched inhabitants wered
d to the dripping of
cellars beneath dunghill_expose
nd cheerless
the most noisome fluids into their damp a
dwellings. of Mr. Mott being made
The partiality and ignorance
we cannot give Sir
plain on the face of the report, _
bti f
• Robert reel an) appro a on or
James Graham and Sir
al in it For the Tory Journals,
the confidence they plum, . • _
more eager to take an advantage than to weigh testi-
mony, •Mr Mott's report is a most acceptable document ;
but Ministers of the Crown should have some respect
for their office and character, if they have none for their
opponents ; and they should, in quoting Mr. Mott's re-
port, have warned the House and the public that it Was