The Sun.
London, England, 1871-02-22 00:00:00

LITERATURE.

COMPLETION OF " HER MAJESTY'S
TOWER."

manly distinctness. As a rule, however, he sees only one
side of the shield. According to a good old proverb, incul-
cative of leniency even to the worst, in our always
fallible judgments, even the devil is not so black as he is
painted. In that good old proverb evidently Mr. Dixon
has no belief. The Devil instead of being not so black, is
blacker. Hence the Unjust Judge figures here as a sort
of Caliban a monstrous imposthume on humanity.
Hence the 'Merry' Monarchhas a hideous leer, never pos-
sessed a friend, and so onto the end,Rthe bitter end, of that
one chapter. For all that the book is not only readable
but reliable, for whenever either the prejudices or the
predilections of the author carry him away into an exag-
geration, whether of praise or blame, the fact of its being
so is apparent upon the very surface—his heart is worn upon
his sleeve for claws to peck at, as we are doing
here, upon-thetinstant, in the very fact of raising these
objections. Another particular about the work we can-
not but regret, regretting it all the more because it is now,
we fear, altogether irreparable, being in point of fact, as it is,
in a technical sense " the head and front of its offending "
its title, we mean, as " Her Majesty's Tower." A title
that somewhat savours of—what Mr. Dixon especially
abhors —an affectation ! If only—taking no heed of
Harrison Ainsworth's historical romance—he had entitled
it simply " The Tower of London ! " It is too late,
however, now, we very much fear, for any such reasonable
alteration. " Her Majesty's Tower " the work is called,
and as "Her Majesty's Tower" it will henceforth hold
its place among the most radiant and picturesque
contributions of the last half-century to our historical
literature.

Her Majesty s 3
Tower
4. Burst and . Hworthett Dixon. Vols.
andHepworth Dixon. Vol.s.
3 and 4. Hurst and Blackett.
As laborious and as ambitious as any of the historical
works yet undertaken by Mr. Hepworth Dixon, " Her
Majesty's Tower," as he has been pleased to call his
romantic record of the salient Incidents connected with
the annals of the ancient Tower of London, is at the same
time in many respects the most brilliant and fascinating
of all his literary achievements. Nov that it is com-
pleted by the publication of these two remarkable
volumes, the work itself, like the grand old structure
of which it is the elaborate celebration, may be said
to "stand, four square, to all the winds that blow."
The building it up. sentence by sentence, chapter by
chapter, volume by volume, has evidently been a labour
of love throughout. And it had good need to have been
so, for the research involved in the mere accumulation and
authentication of the materials out of which it has been
constructed, must have been obviously very considerable.
A glimpse of this is afforded by our author in
his brief, but suggestive Preface, dated upon
this last New Year's Day, and written by him on his
happily bringing his twenty years' toil to a conclusion.
The work, the tells us, is mainly based on new materials :
a statement of which the very freshness of the book all
through is a complete authentication. Down to 1688, he
adds, its authority rests directly upon papers preserved in
the Record Office, upon pipe-rolls, doquets, warrant books,
and council-registers. Sir Thomas Hardy, the Keeper of
the National Archives, has afforded him every possible
assistance. According to her open-handed and munificent
wont, Miss Burdett Coutts has lent him freely, to the
same end, her inestimable collection of pamphlets and
caricatures. Others have done the like—to each and all
of whom, as his .good friends, the writer's thanks are
warmly tendered. As the proverb has it, you may take a
horse to the water, but will he drink ? Hence, in these
doquets, pipe-rolls, pamphlets, warrant-books, council-
registers and caricatures, stored up in such affluent abun-
dance between Fetter-lane and Chancery-lane, or in
scattered private collections, there were undoubtedly the
materials capable of being worked together by a forming
hand : but only by a forming hand, the hand of a great
literary expert, one whose skill had been in a manner
perfected by experience, and who could scan the records of
the past from the vantage ground of his own ripened
knowledge, one, moreover, who could quicken the dry
bones of the antique by the power of his own vivifying
imagination. How far Mr. Dixon has been enabled to
accomplish anything of all this his readers may now
readily enough recognise for themselves. The work is at
length before them in its entirety. It has been planned
symmetrically, because it is chronological in its arrangement.
The current of time flows past the gray old Towers of Julius,
smoothly, broadly, ceaselessly like the current of the Thames
past the granite original. Stained with blood occasionally;
lurid now and then with flames ; surrounded often by
'tumult ; harbouring here and there, in its grim
recesses an extraordinary diversity of historical per-
sonages, men and women, children sometimes, gray
beards often, famous or infamous as the case
may be, the hero Raleigh, ,the sage Bacon,
the venerable Fisher, the witty More, the
execrable Jeffreys, gentle Lady Jane Grey, crack-
brained Lord George Gordon, dauntless Elio
it li cone
-
temptible Thistlewood ! Reading the book, it s k
watching—in two senses—a moving panorama. As we turn
the leaves, as we open volume after volume—the manners,
the customs, the very costumes of the age change almost
imperceptibly ; reign follows reign ; century succeeds cen-
tury. The ringing armour and chain-mail of th e days o
of
f
chivalry give place to the buff jerkins and grey doublets
the Roundheads ; these in turn being succeeded by the
brocaded coats and flowing perriwigs of " the teacup times
of hoop and hood," or by the buckskins and top-boots,
still to this day always associated, in-the popular recollec-
tion of him, with one of the State prisoners in the Tower,
Sir Francis Burdett, or by those latest and very least
among them all, the ignoble and despicable gang of the
Cato-street conspirators. In describing each and all of
these epochs, these celebrities, or scoundrels, these
incidents, more or less famous in our history, Mr. Hep-
worth Dixon is equally at home. And he writes so
picturescpsely that he seems to clip his pen -not so
much into ink as into pigments. His pages are in a
manner coloured and emblazoned. It is in a more vivid
sense than Hans Andersen'n book " a picture book with-
out pictures." Its very letterpress is pictorial and realistic
in a wonderful way of the scenes, the forms, the features
therein described. It has all the fascination of a romance
and all the authenticity of history. From first to last it is
never dull. The theme and the author alike render the
risk of that simply impossible. Already, in our length-
ened notices of the two preceding volumes, at the time of
their publication separately, we have taken occasion in
these columns to indicate the attractive character of the
work now again under review as a contribution to our
national literature. The interest of the work is, if pos-
sible, yet more strikingly illustrated in the two con-
cluding volumes here more immediately under consideration.
Within the compass of these particular volumes, Mr.
Dixon has to deal with subjects as enthralling in their
character, for example, as the rise and the assassination of
Villiers, Duke of Buckingham ; as the fall and death in
disgrace of Bacon, Earl of Verulam ; as the flight and cap-
ture of the atrocious Chancellor Jeffreys, the Unjust Judge,
as he is here terribly designated—themes as diversified
again as the robbery of the Crown jewels by Colonel
Blood, as the execution of Sydney, or as the escape secured
for her husband by the dauntless Countess of Nithisdale.
Once begin the work and you are safe to finish it. Open
any one of the four volumes at the first page, and you read
on until its conclusion. As for the mere manner in which
it is written, take the description of George Villiers, Duke
of Buckingham :
"In form the man was like a god. Spare, tall, and
straight, his frame combined a rare degree of strength
with lines of perfect gracd. Few men could ride so fast,
could leap so high, could dance so long as he ; and no man
in the Court could ride, and leap, and dance with such
unstudied ease. His hand was small and white ; a
lady's hand, with taper fingers, ending in filbert
nails ; and yet his grip on sword and rein was
close and tight. His head was finely formed and
firmly set. Young women were afraid to look at him,
and painters sighed and said, they could not paint his face.
A sly, unconscious gaiety flowed about him. In the
galleries of White Hall he played his part of
light comedian in a way to have made his fortune at the
Globe. He was -the genius and embodiment of youth.
By dress, by speech, by way of life, this fair outside was
framed like a work of art. Composed of richest silk and
velvet pile, his clothel were all but hidden under ropes of
pearl. The buttons on his coat were precious stones. He
wore a diamond necklace with diamonds sewn into his
belt and bands. His sword, his spurs, his plumes, were all
alight with gems. One suit of unshorn, cloak and jacket,
cost no less than eighty thousand pounds. Nearly all his
wealth, when he was one of the richest men at court,was
heaped upon his back." And so forth !
Is not that a picture ? Or take this other, the merest
momentary sketch, a profile, A silhouette of " Steenie's "
companion, " Baby Charles," the Prince of Wales, after-
wards King Charles I. :
" His face was fine. His smile was sorcery. His voice
was low and sweet. His figure, not a bad one, wasadorned
with care ; each point of light and shade being studied for
effect, from plume to spur. Each caught the eye like a
work of art."
The fewest wards, but each word the aptest and most
effective, bringing onteatleao. rl7,
tthoe the instant,
osnwsthante,
"in the mind's eye, Hori
fame has been wittily said to have been made by two men
—Vandyke and the Headsman. fie is it, all through the
book,which we are fain, had we but space for it, to pillage,
in proof, in the way of abundant illustrations. 'hie fore-
going, however, must suffice---the foregoing and one more
extract that we cannot refrain from giving also, as con-
stituting in itself not one, but two contrasting pictures,
according to Mr. Dixon, the true and the false limning,
side by side, of Charles the Second :
" Few men in story are so falsely figured to the
,popular
mind as Charles the Second, in his guise of Merry
• Monarch' of a merrie isle.' A bright young prince—
with saucy eye and rosy cheek ; a fell of loose brown
curls about his graceless brow ; a gay and bounding step,
a laughing voice, a reckless hand : a youth with all the
heat and prank of youth ; a wit, a gentleman, a courtier ;
with uncontrollable delight in pretty girls, pet spaniels,
and guitars;. as ready an his warmth of heart to help a
fellow with his purse as to surprise a barmaid with a kiss:
—behold the shape of Charles the Second as it haunts the
boards of country theatres, and adorns the picture-
galleries every May I Another picture, closer to the
facts, reports him as a dark, gaunt man, with hairless
scalp, and bleary eyes, and sensual mouth, false teeth,
false curls, false colour : bald, be-wigged, and painted ;
with a sunken cheek, a hideous leer, a pinched and
saturnine face ; a man past middle age, and looking older
than his years ; just hobbling to his grave with gouty leg
and broken frame, amidst a rout of gamblers, courtesans,
and pimps, who cheat each other and play false to him ;
a prince who sells his country for a bribe, a ohurch-
man who betrays his faith, a man whom no one calls
a friend, a lover whom his letnans dupe and cheat."
Here, however, the corrective picture to our mind is out-
rageously overdrawn, the features are distorted, the leer
is purely imaginary, the rouge is of the limner's own ap-
• plying, the construction put upon the death-bed shriving
hardly justifiable in the instance of any fellow-creature
under similar circumstanees. As illustrative of our
author's skill in word-painting, however, the fragment
here excerpted' from his pages is as effective as any that
could well be cited. Entertaining strong opinions of his
own, Mr. Dixon as a rule speaks them right out with

CULTURE AND CHRISTIANITY.
The zealous advocates of culture are wont to speak as
though it not only were allied to religion, but included and
thus, in one sense, superseded it. It is true, of course,
that Christianity and civization have usually gone hand in
hand, and that in the Spresent day the Christian nations of
the world are also the most civilized. But nevertheless
the two things are quite distinct. It is the
tendency of Christianity in the long run to civilize
both nations and iudividuals, but civilization does not
necessarily Christianize them, though it may pave the way
for Christianity; as might' perhaps be inferred from the
fact that the early converts were more numerous among
the inhabitants of towns, whence the name of pagani, or
country people, gained its secondary sense of heathens.
But it is, at all events, certain that if religion under favour-
able circumstances promotes culture, culture will not do
the work of religion. It will not supply those moral forces
without which sweetness and light are at best but a sickly
bloom. The " Hebraists," especially as represented by
modem Puritanism, may often be narrow, intolerant, and
offensive, with little of sweetness and even less of light. But
they have a vantage ground from which their "Hellenist "
rivals will never be able to dislodge them, in their appeal
to instincts and motives which Hellenism cannot touch.
Few educated men would turn without a feeling of repul-
sion, almost of disgust, from " Faust " to a sermon of
John :Wesley's, or let us say Mr. Spurgeon's. Yet for
one who has been charmed or elevated by
Goethe's
writings—thousands have had their whole moral nature
quickened or transformed by the uncouth eloquence of the
Nonconformist apostles who so naturally offend Mr.
Arnold's cultivated taste. In every country and every
age of the world of which we know anything, culture has
been, as' it still is, the privilege of the few, and it seems
morally impossible that it should ever be otherwise. No
spread of education will exempt the toiling
millions from the pressure of those physical
necessities which absorb so much both of
their labour and their thoughts; and that
absorption is wholly incompatible with anything that can
be called culture, as we are now using the word. The
difficulty did not exist under the old Pagan civilisations,
for the comparative handful of citizens were spared the
burden and degradation, as they deemed it, of manual
toil, by the forced service of a huge army of slaves, whose
exclusion from the blessings of culture was justified by a
philosophy which denied that they were moulded of the
same clay as freemen. We are not able to cut the knot
with the same facility. And till some method of doing so
has been discovered, it will ever remain true, for this
reason, if for no other, that the immense majority of man-
kind must look to some other source than culture for such
grace as may sweeten and such light as may direct their
path.—Saturday Review.

A severe epidemic of smallpox is raging at Yoko-
hama.
Efforts are being made to put Fleetwood in active
competition with Liverpool as a cotton port. Fleetwood,
however, has no docks.
We understand that Mr. Edward S. Gordon, Q.C.,
M.P., has been appointed arbiter in regard to questions
arising between the North British and Caledonian Rail-
way Companies.
Master M'Grath, by his recent victory at the late
Waterloo coursing meeting, brings, it is said, to Lord
Lurgan. £lOO,OOO. A policy of insurance for £6,000 was
taken out upon the dog on its departure for Belfast on
Saturday.
The Pope's reply to the letter of King Amadeus is
couched in terms of censure, his Holiness declaring that,
in conformity with the jurisprudence of the Church, the
King, as son of the persecutor of the Holy See, is subject
to similar censure, unless publicly condemning the perse-
cution.
SUICIDE OF A BOY OF NINE YEARS OF AGE.
An inquest was held on Saturday ant Longton, on the
body of William Ryding, a boy of ne years of age,
who committed suicide in a most determined manner on
the previous day. The evidence shelved that the deceased
had been threatened by his aunt for misconduct. He ran
across the yard and turned round and said, " I'll jump
into Harry Sutton's pit and drown myself," which he did.
The jury returned a verdict to the effect that the lad had
drowned himself whilst in a state of mind unknown. --
Preston Evening News.
OUR ARMY IN INDIA.—The British forces in
India (exclusive of depots in the United Kingdom) will
consist, during the year 1871-72, of 2,500 Royal Horse
Artillery of all ranks, 4,330 cavalry of the Line, 9,886
Royal Artillery, 339 Royal Engineers, and 45,809 infantry
of the Line, making a total of 2,839 officers, 4,645 non-
commissioned officers, and 55,380 rank and file, or a grand
total of 62,864 men, as compared with 62,963 men in the
year 1870-71. The changes consist of a decrease as to
Horse Artillery, and an increase in all other arms, ex-
cept the Royal Engineers, which retains precisely the
same number of officers and non-commissioned officers as
heretofore.
THE HERRING BRAND. Some correspondence
laid before the House of Commons shews that Baron
Gevers, the Netherlands Ministea at the Court of London,
some little time since proposed to the British Government
a simultaneous abolition in both countries of the system
of officially branding herring barrels. It is urged that the
brand affords no real guarantee of the contents of a barrel.
and in practice tempts to fraud ; when Scotch herrinas
are at a higher price than Dutch, barrels with the Scotch
brand are sold in Holland filled with inferior Dutch h
not
er-
rings. Frauds of this kind may be supposed to be
confined to one side. The British Government, after con-
sidering the proposal, stated, in reply, in a letter dated
Novembe 23, 1870, that they hold the system of the
brand in Scotland to be quite indefensible, but they fear
that the pressure of business will preclude them from taking
measures for its abolition in the Session of 1871.
THE CO-OPERATIVE MOVEMENT.—The spread of
the co-operative movement seems to be more rapid than a
large portion of the community are aware of. • Within
comparatively few years large and powerful organisations
have sprung up in almost every large town, city, and
village, which have almost revolutionised the mode of deal-
ing. A great and important change has also occurred in
the manner in which these societies are themselves sup-
plied. Up to a few years ago the supply of these societies
was in 'the hands of merchants, who, as a rule, supplied
the trade. The majority of the stores are now members
of the North of England Co-operative Society (Limited),
whose headquarters are in IVlanchestet, with salesmen and
buyers in Limerick, Tipperary, and other places. The
extent to which the society's operations are carried on may
be gathered from the fact that 209 societies, representing
89,880 individuals, are members, and own a share capital
of £19,015, after the rate of ss. per share. The object of
the organisation is to supply goods to all societies which
become shareholders, the profits at the end of the quarter
being divided on the purchases. The sales during the past
twelve months amounted to £677,737, being an increase of
£170,518, or 34 per cent., ovor the preceding year. The
butter sales for the twelve months reached 50,742 firkins,
while the business done in tea and coffee (luring the last
quarter amounted to £14,875. The net profit realised
during the quarter upon the business done was £1,931 15s. 2d.
Among the largest shareholders are the Rochdale Society,
who own 6,823 shares ; Halifax, 6,000 shares;. Manchester,
Equitable, 2,298 shares ; Manchester Industrial, 2,200 ;
,
Bolton, 2,833
,• and Heckmondwike, Accrington, and Over
Darwen, 2,000 shares each. 11
SPA.—In a valley near the frontiers of Prussia lies
foliage
and
althoughhills, on ei
to fotnl
ye nbroeatsttise s
of
f littleso m teal; nv
es
halfon tlhadedCeo4n tbiyn ef2lti
thousand inhabitants, it is the gm of Belgium, and the fashion-
able resort of its notabilities ; and not of them only, for when
the season is at its height, titled and distinguished visitors
crowd every avenue and every rendezvous. Not only Princes of
petty States, ex:Potentates or the Counts and Barons which
so pleninfull on ' • •
crop Y a foreign soil, but the men of mark in
society ; the statesmen, warriors, and leaders of their respec-
tive countries. The great men of Great Britain are amongst the
number, for they gladly brace up their faculties and re-invigorate
their systems at this health-restoring spot, after the fatigues of
Courts, Parliaments, and Sessions. The roulette-table has its
votaries, but the waters are more omnipotent still—strongly
impregnated with iron, that needful auxiliary in renovating
enfeebled constitutions ; an& those who esteem the waters too
nauseous are glad to meet with that delicious substitute—the
Elixir de Spa." This holds high rank as 'a table liqueur,
possesses a delicate perfume and exquisite flavour, and being
distilled from the flowers and plants of the district, is at the
same time greatly prized for its tonic, digestive, and gently
stimulating qualities. The manufacture of this liqueur forms
the chief part of the staple trade of Spa, which may be said to
consist of the important Distillery of Messrs. Sghaltin, Pierry,
and Cie, the inventors of the Elixir de Spa, and the manufac-
turers of ornaments in the pretty Spa wood. A " petit verve"
of the Elixir de Spa is the favourite prelude in Belgium to a
" dejefiner a la fourchette," in order to give zest to the appetite,
for which purpose it is equal in efficiency to the nauseous
absinthe ; and the burly Flemish burgomaster's admirable
dinners are usually oapped with a wee glass of this invigorating
native cordial, which is universally pronounced to
our be the best of
Table Liqueurs. It may be, obtained through y winemerchant—Wholesale DepOt—SCOTT BItOTHEIIS, 8, Duke-street,
Adelphi, London.

rHE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 1871.

MONETARY REPORTS.- YE STERD AY.

TELEGRAPH COMPANIES.

I'd Pd
100 Anglo-American Li 76 77 10 Great Northern .... 111, 11)
76, Is 6 Great N. China, and
10 Anglo-Meditrn (L) 127 130 Japan Extension.. d 81
100 Atlantic — 5 Indo-European (L).. 12 14
100 lioilpg
10 British Australis (LI.. 4 32dis and Malta (L) .... 61 ' 7
4) ' 62, 2
10 British Ttul Exton (L). 72 8 10 Meditcrrn Ex (L) .. 41 51
7 13-16, 2,8, 7 11-16 2) Puma and S. radii 4 3 dis
In 11ritish Indian Sub- dis
marine, IT.)
7), 3-16 8)
10 ChinitSubmaritie(L) 42 41dis 20 Soc Trans Fran(*) (l) 132 14
41, 7-16 14, 13r,-
10 Falmouth, Gibraltar, 100 Submarine ' 237 141
wand Malta 11,1 ...., • 9a 9) 1)o Scrip
91?-16, 11-16 ' 10 W India k Boman-m(1,1 5) 6)

NothWithsta,nding that there has been an absance of the
warlike element in the telegrams received from the Conti-
nent to-day, the Stock Exchange has been in an unsettled
state. Much caution has been used in concluding business,
and a weakening tendency has occasionally been appa-
rent. 'rho foreign bond market has been without material
alteration. As regards railways the announcement that
the dividend would be as the rate of 3/ per cent., and that
a sum of about £19,000 would be 'carried forward, caused
a rise of 1 per cent. in Great Western, otherwise
the tendency has been unfavourable. The dearness of
money, coupled with the prospect of new loans, had a
depressing effect upon the market for English Govern-
ment Securities. Consols, at , one time fell * per cent,
being quoted at 91 to 91/ for delivery and the account,
but they subsequently recovered to 914 .to 92. Reduced'
and New Three per Cents., 91/, 91/ ; Bank Stock, 244,
246 ; Exchequer Bills, 3s; to Bs. pm ; India Five per
Cents., 1093/4, 110 ; and India, Bonds, 20s. to 255. pm.
In the market for English railway stocks not much
business has been doing. The feature has been the advance
of 1 in Great Western caused by the announcement of
a dividend at the rate of 31 per cent. On the other hand
South Eastern and Great Northern A. have fallen /.
Metropolitan is quoted at 65/, 65/ ; Caledonian, 861,
87 ; Brighton, 42, 431 ; South-Eastern, 78/, 78/ ; Great
Northern A, 1341, 134/ ; Great Eastern, 381, 381 ; North-
Eastern, 146/, 147/; Midland, 127, 127/;r North-Wes-
tern, 1291, 129,1 ; and Great Western, 75, 7/.
For Indian railway stocks there has not been much I
inquiry. East Indian, 109x,110 ; Great Indian Peninsula,
105 R, 105 R ; Madras, 103/ ; and Scinde, 101 g ; Canadain
shares:have been dealt in quietly, Grand Trunk, 121, and
Great Western, 15/, 154. Foreign shares have sold
slowly, Great Luxembourg, 121, 12i ; Lemberg-Czerno-
witz, 151; San Paulo, 214.
The foreign bond market has been depressed. No im-
portant change has taken place in the quotations, but the
tendency has been unfavourable. Egyptian (1868) have
fallen *, Turkish Five per Cents ditto (1869) *.
Italian (1861) have been rather firmer at .54/, 541 ;
Egyptian (1868), 744, 741; Spanish, 30R, 301 ; Turkish
Five per Cents, 411, 41a ; ditto (1869), 521, 521; Mexican,
In, 14 ; French, 88, 88/ ; New German, IR, 14 prem. ;
United States Five-Twenty (1882) Bonds, 91*, 91a ; ditto
(1885), 901, 90/.
In Bank shares transactions have been limited. Agra
A, 9* ; Imperial Ottoman, 11/ ; London and County, 51;
Joint Stock, 38 ; and Union of London, 401.
Telegraph shares have been quietly dealt in. Anglo-
American have marked 761; British Indian Extension,
7/, 74 ; British Indian Submarine, 71, 7 3-16 ; Falmouths,
9 13-16, and Reuter's, 8/. The Construction Companies'
shares hetve sold slowly. Hooper's have marked 6 3.16 ;
Silver's Indiarubber, 51/ ; and Telegraph Construction,
261.

MISONLLANROUS SECURITIES
Pd Pd
Anglo-Austrian lind- 20 !Virile. Can Cavour 331
holders' Certifizate 1 3 100 130 6p c 13ouds. re-
-10 BerlinWat,erworks(L) 16 161 ' deernah:e 1870 62 64
30 Boickow-Vaughan L) 32 37pin 30 London Fin Ansi-3,3(1;11417 In
100 Boston City (U.S. - 4 Lon Gen Omnibus .. 22 3
p 0 Sterling Loan.. 93 95 2, 15-16
4 Brit & Fgn Marine Lll.l 41ran 2 Lou & PrOV Marine Li I 11pm
35 Canada Company. 75 77 100 Madraslrrig. &Canal
10 Ceylon Company L) 32 31(lis g5u.3 by Ind Gov. 101 102
35-City OffiCes(L) ..., 25 24 die 2 Mauritius Laud (L) itlis par
20 Colonial (L)
5 (;inn Tinton Aisnunce 45 45pin 5 NatnlnisctComp L) 111 121
95 21 N Zealand Loan and
10 Crdt Pono of Ting (Li 3 35 ' Mere Agency iL) . • I& Pm
3 3-16, -1, 5 5 N Zealand Loan and
100 Crystal Pal'ace.
181 65 N Bri tsh and Mere (L) 281 29
100 Do Pref
100 Do 6p c Fern Deb llO 115 5 OceaolVfarinolnsur .. 13!)14Pm
271 libbw Vale Steel L).. 10 %din SO P and (3 Steam 44 46
100 Viceroy of Egypt 7P 0 10 Do do New. 1867 .32 31dis
Mortgage Loan.... 77 79 50 lthyinney Iron
78, 5, 5 15 Do New 9 91
100 Egyulip cV'royLoa.n, 60 Royal Mail Stearn
78 ' 12 Tel (10n end Main L) 251 06
guar by Egyp flov.. 96 98 265, 51, 5
97, it, 8 2 Thames and Mersey
Is Fore-stWarehouselLl 73 Bpm Marine Insnr (1.
100 Fink aild Colonial floy Tobacco 6 p c Loan.
Trust 6p c Bonds.. 100 102 guar by Italian Gov 89 91
71 (lenereilt&DisotlLL . 3 iPm 89
8, 7 15-16 x d 5 Trust and Loan Co of
14 Cell Sun Navigation 28 29 Upper Canada
71 1 ooper's Tel Works 1 !ills S(J Marine, Lypool (T, 5 51Pm
6 3-16, 146 x d 20 Union Steamship (L) 23 25
17 11 ndann'a Bay B5 85 6 United Dia Corpru (L ldis }pm
8 9 16, 1 6
tr, Indrbia.,(lutl'er,and 5 ITuivMarinelnaur (L 1 61 65p i»
Tel Works L) .... 51 52 12 Warrant Finance.... 8 7 ills
512,4
5 Intern) Finan HoelL) 25 21dis
25, 11-16, 2x d

Not much inquiry has been experienced. in miscellaneous
securities. Credit Foncier of England, 3i, 31 ; General
Credit and Discount, 71 ex div. ; Hudson's Bay, 8 9.16.
Thursday, the 23rd inst., has been appointed special
settling day in the second issue of the North German

•
Al INING SHARE LIST.—FEBRUARY 21.
Messrs. WATSON BROTHERS.
Mining Officet, 1, St. Michael's Alley, Cornhill, London.
Market rather quiet. - Grenville, South Frances, Van Consols,
Great Laxey, and North Crofty in demand. Taquaril, South
Condurrow, West Chiverton, and Cooks' Kitchen flatter.
Cain Brea: 594, 55 Prince of Wales, 13/4, 11
Chiverton Valley. Providence M hies,
Chontales (Gold), Roman Gravels,
Cooks' Kitchen, 19, 21 Rosewall Dill and Ransoms
'
Devon Great Consols, Butted,
Drakewalls, l, li South Condurrow, ni, 51
Don Pedro North Del Rey, 21, 2l South Frances, 32, 34
Fast Caradon, 51, 53/4 Sweetland Creek, 4, 41
East Lovell, 30, 31 Tankerville, 121, 13
East Wheal Grenville, 3, 31 Taquaril (Gold), 325, 34s
Eberhardt mid Aurora, 153/4, 163/4 Tincroft,
Frontino and Bolivia (Gold), Trumpet Consols.
Van,
Van Consols, 21, 21
West Chiverton, 40, 42
West Maria and Fortesens,
—s, —s
West Tankerville,
Wheal Crebor,
Wheal Grenville, 4, 41
Wheal Kitty, St. Agues,
Wheal Margaret,
Wheal Mary Ann,
Wheal Beton.
Wheal tiny, 41, 0

General Brazilian,
Great Lazey, 18. 19
Great -Wheal Vor, sf, 5
11 ingston Down,
Malice Valley, a n
New Beldon,
New I,ovell,
North Crofty. a, 3
Vary's Mountain,
Ferran Wheal Virgin,
Plynlimmon, 2,2/

'ours.

➢iARKETS.

METROPOLITAN MEAT MARKET, TUESDAY:-The marke
to-clay was only scantily supplied with meat ; nevertheless the
trade ruled quiet, and prices were rather ,easier. Beef, froni
3s. 46. to ss. ; mutton, 3s. 441, to ss. ; lamb, 7s. to Bs. veal, ss:
to 55. 46.; and pork, 3s. 441. to 58. per 81bs. by the carcase.
METROPOLITAN IIAY AND STRAW MARKET, TuEsnAv.
-There were lair average supplies of hay and clover on sale at
to-day's markets, which changed hands steadily ,at prices some-
what weaker. Prime meadow bay, 130 s. to 1405.; inferior ditto,
110 s. to 120 s. ; prime fresh-cut clover, 1355. to. 1475. '• • inferior
ditto, 115 s. to 1255. ; prime second-cut clover, 1265. to 1355. ;
and straw, 30s. to 40s. per load. ,
COLONIAL AND • FOREIGN PRODUCE MARKET, TUES-
DAY,-Sugar : The market remains very quiet, at prices tending
downwards. Belgian beetroot bold crystals washed bought in
at 385., with 365. bid. Coffee : Sales have passed off steadily,
without any feature of importance. Rice : Theakti steady.
Tea : There is but little inquiry, and mprices • are rather
lower. Indigo : The quarterly sales have this day
terminated. Of the total offered (9,660 chests), 3,645
chests have been withdrawn, , 1,882 bought in, leaving
4,133 chests sold in the room, to which may be added
1%800 chests from the bought in lot, making the total sold 6,000
chests: Although rather irregular towards the close, the sales
have resulted favourably. Prices, as compared with the last
sale, have ranged for good and fine shipping Bengal at par ;
defective shipping and middling to good consuming, 3d.
to 4d. • higher ; low Bengsfl. and Oude, par to 2d.
higher ; Kurpah, good to fine, 4d. to 6d.; middling, 4d.;
low, 3d. to 3d. higher ; 'Madras, good to fine, 46. to 6d. ;
mid-
dling, 4d. higher, and low, Ed. to 86. lower. Oils : Linseed oil
steady, at 31s. LOndon ; 30s. 641. to 30e. 9d. Hull spot, and
month, and his. 3d. February and April ; English brown
rape continues quiet, at 46e. spot; Cocoanut firm.
Tallow : The market remains dull. Y.C. spot, 445. ad. ; and
March, sellers, 44s 6d.: buyers, June, 455. 66. last three months.
Metals : Scotch pig Iron firmer, al 525..10. to 525. 3d. cash,
Copper firm; Wallaroo, £74 ; Chili bar, £65105. to £6O : Speller
firm, and slightly advanced ; Stioaian, £lB to £lB 2s. 6d.
MANCHESTER TRADE REPORT, TUESDAY.-This market
is somewhat steadier in tone to-day, solely in consequence of
the improvement reported in the cotton market. Some spinners
are even asking a slight advance to-day for yarns, but we do not
hear of any instance in which this has been paid ; indeed,
buyers are only prepared as yet in a few cases to give Friday's
rates. Cloth is also firmly held for full rates. Busi-
ness has been much restricted by the full rates demanded,
by producers, and the actual transactions of the day are by no
means large. In yarns, both for the home trade and export,
there has been a dull demand. Forties, India mule, 'is not
much inquired for. Water twist for China is almost neglected.
Buyers for the Continent and Germany have not as yet increased
their operations, but should peace be concluded, a large de-
mand will at once spring up. In cloth there is but a small
daily general business doing, but no contracts of magni-
tude are reported. Neither buyers nor sellers seem
inclined to increase their remaining . contracts, which
are unusually large. Quotations to-day are nominally
the same as those of Friday ; but they are now very
firmly adhered to, which was the case on Friday. At the close
the market was firm in tone, with but a small business in pro-
gress.
LEEDS TRADE' REPORT, TUESDAY.-In . the cloth halls at
Leeds, this morning, there was a fair attendance of local buyers,
and rather more business was done than on this day week. The
prospects of peace being restored between France and Prussia
are deemed sufficiently hopeful to induce some operations. in
purchase of more goods than of late by sonic of the shipping
houses. The representatives of houses in the home trade are
also more active in their dealings. Light Meltons, both all
wool and union makes, mixture, twist, and other cotings, and
ordinary plain goods were all more freely purchased, a
so that at
the close of the markets more than a late average amount of
cloth was removed from the Halls. The deliveries direct from
the manufacturers to the warehouses of the merchants is of a
full seasonable character. Manufacturers in several villages
are fully worked, and with a brisk demand for Meltons, Guiseley
and 'one or two other places will be already prosperous. There
is scarcely a large firm in Leeds which has not already its hands
full, both of the ordinary custom trade and orders for Meltons,
and diagonal and fancy coatings. Oil for mill use is again
higher, and cotton warps are firm.
DONCASTER CATTLE MARKET, TUESDAY.-At this market
to-day there was a large supply of beasts and sheep. Prices
were firm, and a brisk market was done with an upward ten-
dency. Beef was from Bs. 96. to Os: 66. per stone. Hoggets
in the wool, from 96. to 916. per lb., and owes 716. to Bd.
per lb.
• NEWCASTLE CATTLE MARKET, TUESDAY,-At this market
to-day there was au average supply of beef and pork, but trade
was sluggish, at 3d. per stone decline. Mutton firin, at extreme
rates. Beef, 6s. 6d. to 9s. 6d. per stone ; pork, Os. to Bs. per
stone ; mutton, 71d. to 911 per lb.
HULL CATTLE MARKET; TIIESDAY.-This market to-day was
fully an average one for useful horned stock, with a fair
demand. Cows from £l6 to £2O; barren stock £9 to £1l;
heifers £ll to £l4 ; good supply. Calves, superior ones, selling
at from 51s. to ads. Improved show of sheep, but no important
business was transacted. In pigs the market was inactive, with
sales at 7s. to 7s. 3d. per stone.
SALFORD CATTLE MARKET, TUESDAY.-At this market
to-day the supply of both cattle and sheep was similar in num-
ber to last week, and a fair trade was experienced in cattle at
an advance of Id: per lb. Sheep sold steadily, and realised
about last market prices. There was on offer about 2,000 shorn
sheep, which made from 716: to 86. per lb. The prices of
calves also ruled In favour of sellers. The following are the
quotations : Beef, Ist class, 816. per lb. ; 2nd class, Bd. to 81d.
per lb. Sheep, in wool, 86. to Sid. ; ditto shorn, 7141. to 841.
Per lb., Calves, 7d. to 96. per lb.
• LIVERPOOL CORN MARKET, TUESDAY. - Opening Re-
port.-At this market to-day wheat and flour are offered at
rather under Friday's prices, but buyers hold off. Indian corn
66., and beans ls. lower. Closing Report.-White wheat was in
steady demand at this market to-day, at a decline of 2d. per
cental. Red wheat 141. lower. Flour is. down. Maize was a
turn better.
HULL CORN MARKET, TUESDAY.-At this market to-day
there was a falling-off' in the supply of English wheat, which
sold slowly, at a decline of Is. per quarter on the best sorts ;
other sorts were neglectad. In spring corn there was no altera-
tion, excepting the first qualities of beans, peas, and oats, suit-
able for seed, which make rather more money. Barley was
very scarce and much inquired for, and fully Is. Per quarter
dearer.
NEWCASTLE CORN MARKET, TUESDAY.-At this market
to-day there were a few samples of wheat from farmers, .with a
slow sale, at a further. reduction. Factors were willing to sub-
mit to a sale of ls. or 25., Nit buyers were shy.' Oats firm. Flour
declining,
DUBLIN CORN MARKET, TUESEAY.-At this market to-clay
Irish wheat was 6d. cheaper. Foreign wheat in dull demand;
and weaker to sell. Flour slow and unaltered in value. White
oats were weaker inblack, 3d. dearer: Barley sl,
with sales and prices unaltered. Maize neglected, and down 6d.
LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, TUESDAY.-Opening Re-
port.-This market opened With a good inquiry to-day. Sales
probably 10,000 bales. Closing Report.-Sales, 12,000 bales, in-
cluding 300 bales on speculation and export. There has been
an active demand, with less pressure to sell. American com-
mands rather higher rates.
CLYDE CRUSHED SUGAR MARKET, TUESDAY,-At this
market to-day there was rather more inquiry, amid a fair business
was done at firm prices.

loan.
Firmness is still the feature of the discount market.
There has been a healthy demand for accommodation,
and three months' paper has been taken at 23 per cent.
At the Bank, to-day, the sum of £OO,OOO. has been

withdrawn.
A regards the exchanges bills have been rather offers('
and the rates have been higher.

At a meeting of the Submarine Telegraph Company
the directors' report was adopted, and a dividend of 71 per
cent. for the half-year, free of income tax, was declared.
At a meeting of the Marseilles, Algiers, and Malta
Telegraph Company (Limited), it was shewn that the gross
receipts from the opening of the line to the 31st December
last amounted to £4,091, and the expenditure to £1,354,
leaving a balance of £2,737, which it was resolved to carry
forward to the next account.
The directors of the Australian Agricultural Company
have declared an interim dividend of 10s. Gd. per share,
being at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum on the paid-up
capital of the undertaking.
The report of the British Land Company (Limited), to
be presented on the 24th instant, recommends a dividend
of 5 per cent. , making 71 per cent. for the year, which
will take £12,000, leaving £4,103 to be carried forward.
At the meeting of Melburn and Co. (Limited), a divi-
dend of 10 per cent. was declared for the past year.
The Manchester Guardian of to-day says :—At an
adjourned meeting of the creditors of Messrs. Liebert and
Rogerson, held to-day at the Clarence liotel, it was
resolved to wind-up the estate in liquidation, Mr. James
Haliday acting as trustee, and Messrs. Linklater, Hack-
wood and Company, London, continuing to act as the
solicitors in the matter.
The traffic return of the London and Brighton Rail-
way chews an increase of £3,644 ; the South Eastern an
increase of £4,098.
FOREIGN EXCIIANGES.—Amsterdam, three months' date,
1201, 1202 ; ditto, short date, u. 171, 11 181 ; Rotterdam,
three months', 1204, 1202 ; Antwerp, ditto, 25 471, 25 521;
Paris, short date, 25 20, 25 40 ; ditto, three months', 25 70,
25 80 ; •Marseilles, ditto, 25 70, 25 80 ; Hanaburgh, ditto,
13 101, 13 11 ; Frankfort-on-the-Maine, ditto, 120/,1204 ;
Vienna/ditto, 12 65, 1270 ; Trieste, ditto, 12 65, 1270;
St. Petersburgh ditto, 301, 30,-; Madrid, ditto, 48, 48k;
Cadiz, ditto, 49, 491 ; Leghorn, Genoa, Naples, and
Palermo, ditto, 2G 75, 26 80 ; Lisbon, 90 days' date and
, Oporto, ditto, 521, 53.

A WATERLOO ibilLo.—" Plaster McGrath," Lord
Lurgan's celebrated doc, is spoken'of in Ulster as the
" hero of Waterloo." He was welcothed on his return
from England (a local paper states) by a " large crowd ;"
" and it was looked on," adds the gushing writer, "as a
special privilege to touch him with the hand." Only a
comparatively few had this honour, but in alleviation of ,
the disappointment of the remainder, " he was escorted to
the station by admiring crowds." So much for Belfast,
At Lisburn, the News Letter says, "The wildest enthu-
siasm prevailed." " Tar barrels .were . lighted in the
market-square," and the Lisburn brass band gathered
" creditably round the burning embers," and demon-
strated their enthusiasm by lusty cheers." •
BREAKFAST.—EPPS'S COCQA.—GRATEFUL AND COM-
FORTING.—The very agreeable character of this preparation has
rendered it a general favourite. The Civil Service Gazette re-
marks :--" By a thorough knowledge of the natural Liws which
govern the operations of digestion and nutrition, and by a
careful application of the line properties of well-selected cocoa,
Mr. Epps has provided our breakfast tables with a delicately
flavoured beverage which may, save us many heavy doctors'
bills." Each packet lg labelled—JAMES EPPS & Co., Ifonicco-
pathic Chemists, London. Also, makers of Epps's Cacaoine, a
very thin evening beverage.—Advt.

THE ARMISTICE

THE RELIEF OF PARIS.

:FROM THE SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT OF THE " CENTRAL
• PRESS.")

PARIS, FEBRUARY if.
Fear is still entertained that the habitual disturbers of
public order will take advantage of the entry of the Prus-
sians to create confusion, panic, and disorder by throwing
hand grenades among their ranks. Large numbers of
these terrible instruments are known to exist, and it is said
that the police are aware that they have been
constantly and incessantly manufactured ever. since
the proclamation of the Republic. In spite, how-
ever, of the vague rumours of seizures which I sent you
yesterday, it appears that comparatively few have yet*
been discovered. On the 24th the Prussians will occupy
the streets through which the King will pass on the 26th.
He will, it is expected, breakfast at the Ecole Militaire ;
after that the troops will all defile before him. The proposed
stay in the Palace of the Tuileries will not take
place in consequence of the hospital fever, which is at
present raging in that building and vicinity. At present
Paris is very calm, almost lethargic, but should a few,
bombs be thrown, the enemy will act at once with the
greatest severity, and the violent republicans with whom
I have conversed declare that the population would
turn out to a man against them. With the streets
crowded, as they will be, with sightseers, a cadre-temps
of this kind would lead to results too terrible to be con-
templated.
Victor Hugo, when en route far Bordeaux, was recog-
nised at the railway station of Etampes. The people
shouted " Vive Victor Hugo ! " He replied, `• Non, non,
vive la France !" Two Prussian gendarmes entered the
railway carriage, and placed themselves, without speak-
ing, at the side of Victor Hugo, until the train arrived at

Of course, after the entry of the Prussians, the question
of food is the engrossing topic of the day. Civic organisa-
tion in France possesses about as much system as military
organisation, and while the people are loud in
praise of the liberality and generosity of England,
they are equally loud in condemnation of the method in
which it was applied. The Figaro of yesterday
published an account of the various modes of distribution
in the different arrondissements. In some the portions
served out were infinitesimally small, in others extrava-
gantly liberal. For instance, a person living in the 10th
arrondissement got 500 grammes of bacon, while his
friend, who lived in the 6th, only got 33 grammes.
In .consequence of these blunders, one of the
mayors had to resign, and, finally, the attempt
at organisation broke down utterly. Colonel Stuart
Wortley and Mr. George Moore started depots of their
own in various parts of Paris, and are assisted by a large
number of philanthropic tradesmen. The most important of
these depots, however, is at Mr. Moore's own warehouse in
Rue Notre Dame des Victoires. Here the distribution was
effected with the utmost rapidity, half a minute being
the average time occupied, and a crowd of some
four thousand women and children waited here for their
turns with the utmost patience' and good order ; some of
them, poor creatures, had taken up their stations over-
night. In the streets there appears to be no lack of pro-
visions—shops and stalls Fare teaming, but then among the
lowest classes there is absolutely no money. Had ,
the English subscriptions been sent over in
money, instead of in kind, I believe that the
relief afforded would have been speedier and surer. The
lower classes have lately been living in idleness upon the
Government allowance of 45 sous,a day, and now, that this
allowance is being stopped, of course, the misery will be
dreadful. Many of these men belong to the
loafing order of humanity, who pick up a liveli-
hood from the extravagances, follies, and vices
of the wealthy. If work were to be had, and
at present it is not, these are hardly the men to do it, and
when charitable relief stops completely, I fear the real
miseries of poverty and helplessness will assert themselves
more conspicuously than ever. We shall then be in the
position of so many parts of the country, only there is
money without food, here food without money--a state of
affairs that would thoroughly confuse Mr. Adam Smith.
In spite of the craving for animal food, exhibited more
especially in the lighter newspapers, during the late siege,
the animals in the Jardin des Plantrs are all intact and
well, though, like the rest of us, lean and gaunt. It was
the Jardin d'Acclimatation which sold off all its stalk ; at
present the former is used as an ambulance, and the
botanical part is filled with long ranges of temporary
wooden hospitals, devoted chiefly to fever pstients.

DUNKERQUE IN PREPARATION.
A letter from Dunkerque on the 18th says : " The town
is full of troops. The whole of the 22nd Corps of the
Army of the North has arrived for embarkation. It is
that part of Faidherbe's army which consists of the
divisions of Derroja and du Bessol. The staffs arrived
yesterday morning, and rooms were kept for them at the
Hotel de Flandre. The marine infantry began the
march. Then came artillery, which occasioned
much conjecture as to the object of the ex-
pedition. It was first supposed that it was
intended to go to Cherbourg to occupy or reinforce
the line of Carentan, in case of a resumption of hostilities.
Another suggestion was that the expedition wag merely to
touch at Cherbourg, to proceed afterwards to Bordeaux,
with the sole object of Securing the internal tranquility
of the country. The fleet was never larger than it is now.
Two days since there were seventeen vessels, one of which
left in the night for Cherbourg. The harbour is full of
transports and other ships which ai e to carry
out this corps d'arm4e, and embark it without loss of
time. It is singular that yesterday large quantities
of cylindro-conical bullets arrived from Brest and were
taken to the Arsenal. The night before, a quantity of
cartridges came bearing the date of 1866. The armament
and provisionment of the place are being pushed forward
with extraordinary energy by Commandant Parjeu.
other place, it is said, is armed to so formidable a degree.
The engineers and the artillerymen of Lille work like old
troopers.

NAPOLEON AND THE GERMAN POWERS
The New Free Press of Vienna hail' some curious revela-
tions respecting Napoleon's policy towards Austria and
Prussia. It is a Mistake to suppose that Napoleon thought
seriously, prior to the war of 1866, of sustaining Austria
against Prussia, for if the latter Power had been willing
to promise him assistance in conquering Belgium, he
would have put 300,000 men at her disposal. Revelations
made in the last sittings of the delegation prove that at
the time when the Prussians occupied Brann, Bismarck
intended to conclude a treaty of peace with Austria,
whose fundamental condition would not have been the
exclusion of Austria from. Germany. But in the interval,
the perfidious intervention of the Imperial Cabinet
had brought matters to such a point that that
which Bismarck. did not intend to . do at
Brunn was already stipulated in the French pro-
posals made at Nikolsbourg, It is nearly certain that
Napoleon, whom ignorant publicists represent as the
friend whose protecting arm prevented the complete dis-
memberment of Austria, -- that this" friend" pre-
vailed with Bismarck, and surreptitiously obtained
that exclusion which Bismarck did not even
then desire. Napoleon hoped by this to gain the
acquiescence of Prussia in fresh territorial acquisitions.
It is certain that in the last week of August, 1866, after
the conclusion of peace at Prague, secret negotiations took
place between France and Prussia, neg,otiations.to which
doCUments found among the papers of the Empire refer,
and which the Go-Vernment is not in a position to make
public. These documents are two notes in the hand-
writing of Napoleon, addressed to M. Rouher

" August 26
"My dear Minister Rouher, I return you the
draft of treaty, with my observations on the margin. It
will be necessary to add, in conversation, that as the Ger-
manic Confederation has ceased to exist, the Federal
fortresses erected against France ought not longer to belong
to the Confederation, but to each state whose territory they
are situated in. Thus : Luxemburg to France, Mayence
to Prussia, Saarlouis to the same, Landau to Bavaria,
Rasta to Baden, Ulm to Wurtemberg. On the
other hand, I think Prussia will have many
difficulties with Saxony. Would it not be better
for Prussia to annex Saxony, a Protestant country,
and place the King of Saxony on the left bank of the
Rhine. a Catholic country? But all this should only be
insinuated in a friendly manner. The treaty must remain
secret. The question of Luxemburg will make itself
known as soon as the negotiations are opened. It is
that which is the most pressing. Believe my
dear Rouher, in my very sincere friendship, NAPOLEON.
" P.S.—Benedetti may, with. the exception of a few
trifling alterations, accept the principle."
" St. Cloud, August 26, 1866.
" My dear Minister B,ouher, —After having written this
morning I felt a scruple respecting the article which
reciprocally guarantees the territories of the two coun-
tries. This article not only makes us renounce the Rhine
provinces, but obliges us, should they desire to give them-
selves to France, to march against them.—Believe in my
sincere friendship,

" NAPOLEON,

On the 26th August, 1866, three days after the signature
of the Treaty of Prague, which France regarded as a