The Sun.
London, England, 1847-01-01 00:00:00

VtNiNnr, JANTTARV

out appeal, the validity r3f the e •
members. The qual;:nclition ncceisslet:rl7furofa imtsem°l7n
member
of the General
freehold larj.; L'..ssetnbly is to be the possession of
s or '.....e-ments in Nev Zealand of the
annuel
- *tie Of 201., i.r leasehold hnds'or tenements
0£ /bi-
annual .-slue. iO/., or to contribute to the
tO:ue of 101. Loth geivral revorizeof one of the pro-
, vines*, or to the local Wet and assessments of
some one one of the bodies corpora within the same.
We have thus stated the constitution of
the Houses of Representatives at sane length,
because everything will depend on the fair
infusion of a sufficient share of pipular strength and
power into the national t!OUCt.11111 'We entirely ap-
prove of the principle adopted hr Earl Guy, who
deserves the beat thanks of all real reformers for his
extended and philanthropical views. The system is
analOgous to our own institeticee. Their Legisla-
, ttee is to be divided into three I:renehes, parallel to
etr King, Lords, and Commons. Tile-Governor de-
rives his authority directly from, the SoVereign, and
will of course have (under the direction of the Home
Government) power to exercise all -the prerogatives
of the Crown. In this be will be assisted by'fin
Executive Council, ccnsitting of the dOleniikl Secre-
tary, the Attorney-Gsreral, the Colonial 'Treasurer,
and the officer in
.command of the military forces,
Or, in the absence of any of Close . officers, of the
persons provisionally charged with their 'duties ; the
Governor-in-Chief to have the poiver of sum-
moning any number of pesons not holding
public , offices, : and not exceeding the number
of the official members, lie is not bound to consult
with or adopt the advice of the Executive Council,
but in such case murt give to tte Secretary of State
au'explanation of his motives.

The members of the Legislative Council (analo-
gous to our Must of, Lords) are to be appointed by
letters patent, issued pursuance of warrants under
the sign-manual of tte F.ovassitix aclArrssed to the
Governor-in-Chief.: The Legislative Com;cil of the
General Assembly is to consist of one-third of the
Legislative Councils of esch province, to be appointed
by the Governor.' All vacancies by death, resigna-
tion, &c., to be filled:up by the Governor, subject to
confirmation diii4oWance by the Crown. We
have thus btwn the moit important part of the new
constitution; riy., the constitution of the Legislature
.for the colony, frc...o which will flow all future man-
sures with regard to Ant country. We are unable
this day to , advert to the other important points
alluded to in the Charter—inArtictions and dispatches
which relate chiefly to the policy to be adopted by
the Executive with respect to land and dealings with
the natives.

A letter from Berlin of tb.f. 22d states that no for-
mal notice of ea intention not to renew the treaty
of Navigation concluded between the States of the
Zollverein and England, in 1841, has yet been
given, but that the States are resolved not to re-
new it. The treaty expirds on the lat of January,
1848.

The Aigsliurg Gazette, of the 2ith, has the fol-
lowing from Posen : --- as St is now said that the
incorporation of. the LA.i;gdom of Poland with
Ruseia will not take piaci with the new year, as
was intsnded."

We read in the Ilambegh Correzpondent of the

24th :---. , :
. s. ,
:tut:Prieto:ens
tos.iilloaan:ncdisitlw:iatss M, de
" It is Ptid thzt tlle King of Denmark has been advised
by the Cabinets f Vienne and Berlin to give to his
country a constitu ion of States-General, to which the
two duchies raig . t send' Deputies, which, however,
would not, it is sue Posed, satisfy the inhabitants of the
/
duchies. It is sclided that the King of Denmark has
shown no repngn*nce to this project, and has replied
t;ist li. hoped 50t241 to sec States-General convoked in
Prussia to serve Wm as 3 model for a constitution for
his subjects. AR to the aproject of a constitution for
that
a positivelytti,
e oniy aptfattreadonthwaht
oityohtaeds beengai
against
itid decided
tVheo3s. -jecTrehaeopfutbhliectinogn.ofltthiescnono;
known when that will be i asued, or what has caused the
delay. When thl King was at Ermansdorf a printed
copy was sent to , functionary in Pomerania, but all at
once the publication was postponed."
The Grand Duke of TCSCANY has published an
edict, declaring that, as the succession to the duchy
of Lucca belongs, by the terms of the final act of the,
congress of Vienna to Tuscany, the debts of the
iuchy, and the mortgages upon the domains of the
state, will not be reco gnised. A hope, however, is
expressed that a lodin: contracted by thf- luchy of
&Alcoa will be rid oft The shareholders in this
loin. which war contra`eted a few years ago, with the
P- --irrquo have ,}l-: c-utint!tee of Duke
'

........a‘Vii.s....

e

arlir 01.

The Madri Garet* publishes A circular from the
• „Minister of Inances
ifinces, recomiendinfc a more equitable mode of to the intendants of the
as-
sessmentpro-
for Ile taxes, and desiring that the land-
owners may wt be assessed at a higher rate than 42
rr,e.r cent. upwitheir net revenues. There is nothing
else of any inOriat in these journals.
11,1,81, DEC. 24.—The Three per Cents.
wtlve (bee at Xt.i cash; the Five per Cents. at 20i;
Passives, 61; Coupons at 19; and Vales, 81.

We have received the Paris papers of Wednesday.
The Minister-12d programme of the session, published
in the Journal des Dibats of the day preceding, and
which we gave yesterday, is the subject of comment
imall of them, The Consirtutionnel has the following
article on this tubject, which may be considered as
thy, programme of the Opposition for the approaching
seasion:—

`e A few days scarcely separate us frome the opening of
thCh embers, and no one conceals frcm himself the
Particular interest and gravity which the Parliamentary
divasions will have this year on account of the diffi•
cult, situation in which the faults of the Ministry have
Placed France. To give some satisfaction to public im •
Patience, the principal organ of the Ministry has been
Pleesed to raise a corner of the lkeil which hides the
futere, and allow us to get a glimpse of what Ministerial
wialora and eloquence destined to us. A session, which
°Pim in the midst of a financial crisis= cannot termi-
nate without some attempts being as least made to
Pall Ate an evil which was treated as merely chimerical
when the Opposition predicted it, and endeavoured
to Prevent it, and the existence of which is at present
achliowledged so lightly/ An endeavour is merely made
to e'e:plain it by the too great rigour of the conditions
white have, it is alleged, been imposed on railway com-
Pltnle-s. That is not the truth. We never opposed
timetable conditions being accorded to useful under-
-1
takiegs,
but the cause of the evil is not in the conditions
which have been voted, or in the degree of confidence
with which they have been able to inspire the public.
The evil, every mar, of sense allows, is in the number of
the nedertakings which have been authorised, in the ex-
cess' ,f public works ordered, in the exaggerated appeal
made to the financial resources of France. Now, what
reinee
yis it proposed to apply? Too many railways
have been conceded, and the resources .ef the country
are Or,t, aufacient for the execution of all the works,
the atethorieation of which has been demanded from the
imPrtvidence of the majority. Do yon believe that
some restrictions are about- to be applied to this ex-
ee'3ise development of publie.eroehe? D you suppose,
for iteitance, that adesntage will be taken of several
e
concessions not haring taken place to nip in the bud
nude' takings which it would ha impossible to go on
with
and complete in the present state of our finances ?
Hew ill you are acquainted with the political economy
in usi
it co amongst our Gcvernment, and the manner in which reprehends the odministration of the public wealth!
Look at the budget; each year the expenses increase and
the resources diminish, What has been done? The ex-
Pentlikure hae been constantly increased;
increased; and the day on
which the deficit was charly
the bu,
on which it was al-
lowed that it would be the work of long years to establish
theu ~e9nilibriurn, an cioeuent and right-thinking deputy,
M. autgnee cane forwaed to celebrate the diminution of
h%cenle rich in propeprtior, to the debts which its t
contracted.
~
Iget of receits, teed to Drove that thate would
Allis doctrine carried its Author straight to a direction of
finances. ho had reduced to theory what our Ministers
practise:l. It will be with railways as with the budget ;
the resources of the ec-untry ere not sufficient for the
the companies,
p °owl:, enterprises
drs
ee
,sncootnhe
wantingie dngewdaibi orwill
an
dontoinba I 1 ueej.
.ge di , it
ibeute:menmonthsionig
existing will
but hope will be given to them. The conditions imposed
on theist will be alleviated, end more•exteneive privi-
leges will be accorded to them; but the capital which
they de;uand in vain from the
public, and without which
they cannot do anything, will not be fond for them,
But to glace the companies ji a state to swell their hopes
without increasing their possible resourcea, is to WI:115h
fresh food for jobbing; it is not to remedy the crisis, bat
to proioi;g it. We aro told that the session which is
about to open will behold a thousand good intentions
coming into existence and eepiring. Since autumn the
Alireetry is converted to all kinds of reforms, which
sySto particularly distasteful to them last year. It has
% very decided taste for the abolition of the duty on
salt; it is enamoured a postal reform; and on certain
days it has a tendency for the conversion of the Five per
Cents. But the autaren which has enlightened our Mi-
nisters has been marked by such deplorable severity,
this severity of 'he bed harvest,-and of
that in throwing light into the mind of the Ministry, it
has deprived them of the rooms of profiting by it-
averything, with the hope Caas In
donsequence of
the financial crisis _it is found necessary to
:sesiixt t)h,eastrsha.sdomhaereoefststi! the opportunity will
rY to postpone
again appear. 111 intentioned persons might, it is true
, on which
ted, that
:ore
tilloy Npli g0my12.41 1* t Tjj9givaltlAt is :weed
len loetl ialorwaat iYosnes zla

into a funeral oration, might have been carried out.
But then they had something else to do; it was ne-
cessary to prepare the electoral body for an
admiration of the Conservative system ; it was
necessary to make a conquest of the Marquesas, then to
make their peace with M. Pritchard, and then to quarrel
with England ; and when all these fine things had
consumed the time and talents of our Ministers at the
moment of occupying themselves with improvements
and setting vigorously to work, this unfortunate autumn
comes to deprive them of ell means of acting, and has
only left them good intentions. It is autumn that, with
ten departments, has drowned the conversion of the Five
per Cents., postal reform, and the abolition of the duty
on salt. With the severity of the autumn what remedy
can be found ? As to the foreign relations of Franco,
we are invited, as well as the rest of Europe, to hold our
ears attentive and to prepare ourselvet for the prodigies
of eloquence which we shall have to hear. What is to
take place ? Will foreign peace be maintained ? Will
passions be soothed down or excited ? Will the liberty
of Europe have to praise, or to complain of, the solemn
trial which is announced ? All this is not stated, but

we are aasurod that M. Guizot will make plenty of fine
speeches. We shall have phrases to consol us for the
fall of Cracow and our isolation."

The Commerce is exceedingly bitter against the
Government, not only on account of the postpone•

rnent of the various promised reforms, but also on
account of the reasons given for the postponement.
"Up to the present hour we had thought," says the
Commerce, " that public calamities, great crises, and the
financial embarrassments of a country, imposed on those
whe govern the obligation of seeking immediately, in a
better organisation of the taxes—in new combinations—
in the reform of certain portions of the budget which
are over- onerous, a remedy for evils, the diminution of
which cannot without danger be postponed. The present
Government is not of this opinion. Experience, oppo-
sition, crises, are for them only a pretext to persevere in
a vicious course. It has not the courage to meet difficul-
ties opeltly; all that it can do is to postpone the solution
of them; yesterday, on the plea that the country en-
joyed an apparent prosperity; to-day, because it is un-
fortunate; to-morrow, who knows, because France has
been placed by them at the verge of ruin, and because
then, and in reality, it will be too late to prop up the
social edifice."

The Republican National, which seems to vie with
our own " territorial aristocracy" in its hatred of the
commercial and banking interests, is exceedingly irate
with the Minister for the sort of half hope held out
in the programme that something will be done to
assist railroad companies so as to prevent any undue
pressure upon the Money-market. The National
more than insinuates that the ruin of bankers and
capitalists would be a benefit to the nation.

The Freese is furious at the supposition that M.
Guizor can entertain an idea of reconciliation with
England. The Russian serf is working bravely for
his autocratic master, but we doubt whether he will
persuade Frenchmen that it would be for their advan-
tage, or their honour, that France should become
Cossack. We find also in the Presse the following
semi-official announcement::—
" We are assured that the speech from the Throne
will contain a paragraph having reference to the sup-
pression of Cracow. This would be in effect the surest
means of establishing the character of the protest of the
French Cabinet against the act of the three Rowers."
The " Societe pour le Libre Echana, held its
fourth public sitting on Tuesday, in threat room
in the Rue Montesquieu. The assemblage was very
numerous. The business of the day was opened by
I a speech from M. CHARLES DUNOTER, the President,
who, with great clearness and firmness, maintained
the advantages of free trade, and contended against
the policy of the Protectionists. He was followed
by M. BLANQUI, M. MICHEL CHEVALIER, and M.
HORACE SAT, all of whom supported the principles
laid down by the President and the general objects of
the Association. M. FREDERICK BASTIAT intended
' to address the meeting, but the lateness of the hour
compelled the President to adjourn.
The Duke and Duchess DB MONTPENSIER are to
make an excursion to Brussels in the month of
February.
According to the Constitutionnel, the corps cliplo-
matique are greatly perplexed as to how the question
of the Montpensier marriage is to be treated of in the
usual congratulatory address presented by them to
the KING of the FRENCH on New Year's-day.
" The speech," says the Constitutionnel, " which is
to be delivered by the KING on the Ist of January,
by the representative of the diplomatic corps, appears
to be the object of a real negotiation. The question
is, whether the Pors's Nuncio, who is likely to ad-
dress the KING in the name of the corps diplomatique,
shall make more or lass allusion to the Duke DB
MONTPENSIER'S marriage, and whether he shall speak
of it as a mere family or a political alliance."
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse, on
Wednesday, at 80f. 50c. ; the Five per Cents., 118 f. 45c. ; the
Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,262 f. 50c ; Rouen, 922 f. 50c, ;
Havre, 682 f. 50c. ; Great Northern, 646 f. 75c. ; Avignon, 876 f.
25c. • Tiereon, 6101. ; Basle, 2181. 75c.; Paris and Stras•
burgh, 486 f. 25c. ; Tours and Nantes, 4901. ; Paris and
Lyons, 511 f. 25c ; Lyons and Avignon, 485 f. ; Bordeaux
and Cette, 451 f. 25c. ; Spanish Actives, 34; Ditto Three
per Cents., 384 ; Ditto Domestic Debt, 32%.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT TUE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, DECEMBER 31.
Luxembourg,3/4—Northern of France Constituted, 1034—
Rouen and Ilavre, 26:3/4—Sambre and Meuse, 4%.

DEATH of SIR F. L. WOOD; BART.
FATHER OF THE CHANCELLOR OF THE
EXCHEQUER.
(From the Doncaster Gazette of this day.)
It is with deep regret we announce the death of Sir
Francis Lindley Wood, Baronet, of llickleton Hall, near
this town, which took place yesterday, at a quarter be-
fore one o'clock, r.x., in the 76th year of his age.
The deceased was the second baronet, and son of Cap-
tain Charles Wood, of Bowling Hall, by the daughter
and co-heir of Thomas Lacon Barker, of Otley, in this
county. He was born in the year 1771, and in 1:11,3
married the daughter and co-heir of Samuel Buck, Esq.,
of New Grange, by whom he has at present two children
living—the Right Hon. Charles Wood, M.P., Chancellor
of the Exchequer, and Mrs. John Walbanke Childers,
of Cantley Hall, near this town.
The first baronet received his title, with remainder to
the heirs male of his deceased brother, who was father of
the late baronet.