The Sun.
London, England, 1840-11-14 00:00:00

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
(From the Morning Chronicle.)
We agree with the Ti»zes, that " the distinction be.
tween advice and control involves one of the nicest
shades of difference in the world ;" but it does not fol-
low, that, because the advice we give " to the native
Princes of India " is equivalent to control, we are
equally entitled to control the Sultan. The native
Princes of India are dependent in the strictest sense of
the word. They are forced to receive a British re-
sident, by whose advice they must act, and the
resident has troops at his command. But the
Sultan is the Sovereign of a mighty State, which
only the other day made head against the powerful
empire of Russia ; and though from various circum-
stances Turkey is in a diseased and languid state,
yet the very object of the Treaty of the 15th July is
to free the Sultan from the incumbrances which
prevent the vigorous action of his government, and
to remove all obstacles in the way of his inde-
pendence. It would be rather an odd way of proving
that he was in a condition to vindicate his independence,
to tell him, you must implicitly follow our advice, by
allowing Mehemet Ali to retain the hereditary Go-
vernment of Egypt, and certain portions of Syria, in
order, by this obedience to us, to afford a demonstation
to the world that no alarm need henceforth be enter-
tained as to your power to maintain the integrity and
independence of your empire. A show of sovereignty
is conceded to the native Princes of India, while care
is taken to let it be seen, both by themselves and others,
that they are not independent. The system is attended
with this unfortunate result, that dependence on the
British Government secures impunity to them, and
mercy to the subjects compels us to deprive them even of
the show of sovereignty, and to exercise its power our-
selves. But, in the case of the Sultan, no one thing
ought to be more carefully guarded against than
whatever might produce an impression on the world
that he is a puppet, moved at will by his allies. If we
wish that he should really be independent, and acquire
the reputation for vigour, by which alone the integrity
of the Turkish empire can be maintained, the greatest
care should be taken to avoid whatever has a tendency
to stamp a character of dependence on his rule. No
circumstance throughout the warfare in Syria has
afforded us so much gratification as the fact of the
Turks having distinguished themselves signally against
the Egyptians. because it is of the utmost importance,
with reference to the object of the Treaty of the 15th
of July, that the Turks should regain confidence in
themselves. The victories over Mehemet Ali's troops
are of incalculable importance, not merely as leading
to the acquisition of Syria, but as investing the
Sultan with the reputation by which he may be en-
abled to maintain his sway in all parts of his extensive
empire. The language held by Lord Palmerston, as to
the limits within which the Allies ought to confine
their interference with the Porte, is therefore, any
thing but idle. It is exceedingly improbable that the
Sultan, at this critical time, will be deficient in defer-
ence to the advice which may be tendered to him, but
still it would ill become the parties to a Treaty for se-
curing the integrity and independence of Turkey, to
make light of the determination of the Sultan, or to
let it be seen, by any of their acts, that they deemed
his independence a farce. And here we cannot help
remarking, that nothing can be more reprehensible
than the language held by public men its France
with reference to Turkey. We observe, ou all oc•
casions, the assumption of a right to control the
Sultan in the exercise of his sovereignty. "We insist
that Mehemet Ali shal' have this and that part of the
acknowledged dominions of the Sultan," is not assuredly
the language which ought to be held. The French
were at liberty to refuse to join the Allies in co-
ercing Mehemet Ali, and to withhold their assent
to the Treaty of the 151 h of July ; but we are at
a loss to understand on what principle of international
law they are entitled to prescribe the mode in
which the Sultan shall delegate his authority.
Nothing can be more subversive of national
independence than this claim set up by our neighbours.
We cannot say that the French owe much gratitude
to their partisans in this country. The share of terri-
tory that shall be allowed to Mehemet Ali we hold to
be a matter of very minor concern to France ; but it
is not a matter of miner concern to her that foreign na-
tions should be impressed with the idea that her Go-
vernment is one which rests on a secure basis. The
argument constantly urged here, however, is one which
had a tendency to shake the confidence of other coun-
tries in the power of any Government to preserve au-
thority in that country. " For God's sake," they ex-
claimed, "give way to France. The demand she makes
is, no doubt most unreasonable, but if you do not yield
to her, the people will break out, and there is no say ing
what may happen." Had the Government of this
country yielded to these silly appeals ad wisericordiam,
they would have done not a little to weaken authority
in France by creating an impression that alarm for the
permanence of authority in France had conceded to the
unreasonable demands of an excited multitude what
justice oeght to have withheld. Had this deprecating
system been continued much longer, the task of govern.
ins France would have become one of the utmost di
ficulty.

(From the Times.)
Although during the past week a variety of more
pressing matters has diverted our attention from the
late contest for the Glasgow Divinity Chair, we cannot
ailvtv the issue of that contest to drop from public
observation without offering such remarks upon it us
appear to us to be imperatively called for ; and we
trust that the same stern impartiality which impelled us
to advocate the pre-eminent rights of Dr. Chalmers,
though it: other respects this Journal is often opposed
to him, wilt he studiously maintained by us while no-
ti zing the success, Qpt of his rival (for rival he had
none), but. of his very humble and triumphant compe-
titor. by an irrevocable decision of tha Glasgow
Sruatus, out of whose hands the privilege of electing
the Theological Professor is not yet taken, the Rev.
Dr. Hill has been appointed ;n preference to Dr. Chal-
mers. Some of the more discreditable newspapers
hage endeavoured to make it appear that the vote in
Dr. favour was unanimous; but this is sub.
s:Antially uktrue. A respectable minority of the
Senates ileadeinfeur were supporters of the defeated
candidate ; And, although tan righteous men could not
be found in that. infatuated corpurg,tion to give it the
chance of escaping impending retributcps, we feel
thankful that there were at :east five whose inde'ible
recti•.ude may possibly dirnini4 py half the severity of
its coming tate. It has been stated 41PO, that Sir James
Graham's vote was given to Dr. Hill ; but there is no
reason to believe that this Right Hon. Baronet cons.
mitted himself to any such iad4teretion. The truth is,
that at a meeting held twenty-four Lsurs before the day
of election, it was ascertained that the oppc;;;;:rfts of Dr.
Chalmers had acquired a very conclusive majority ,
and consequently his friends, perc4-40ing that their per,
tinacious prefereaen would only end in'a 4.0620, ernbar-
raattag their future ret4-tions with the Professfa plgpt
without promising the smalteet benefit to his competitor,
dcclineddividing the Senalus upop ;..hp subject ; and
u _r this helpless tseaessity they pasf4,ve:ly ipu'umitted
to Dr- Hill's appointment. We confidently believe,
therefore, that Sir James Graham a;..i gibers did pot
formally oppose that candidate,
wouldf frog
haveg bonyeieci;
lion that their 'votes fo,r Pr..
u:eless.

(From the Morning Herald.)
When th• Xorninhg Post chooses to throw itself in
our way, not for Lim purpose of engaging in political
controversy, but to dispia.yeisl feeble. malice in calling
names, it only proves how journal addressing
ywof;Feaders can catch the
iuei
cause
otfoßuasi7oanstp.,:eiilectuytitancnilretcrlseis
true
tut
e welshouring La the
contagion of Russian
from the beginning the Brunow.Pahn have opposed
sthontitireaty. It
is true we have denounced as injurious
of England, And dangerous to the peace of Europe, the
intsrineddling policy which the Whig Governmreonpte, the
ing under Russian inspiration, have pursued in regard to