The Sun.
London, England, 1841-01-04 00:00:00

porary, or permanent, of the defendant, not out of his
perverseness or dishonesty—is farther aggravated by a I
reference to a more expensive or troublesome tribunal
while another i, at hand. This occ4sicnal oppositioo
between plaintiff and dofendant has, however, nothing
to do with the quality of the claim or the title of the
Court. 'We may justly call the man who wantonly or ,
maliciously prefers to pursue his debtor in the more ex-
pensive and troublesome Court, a cruel oppressor. Such
men, however, are not often found ; and whether the
debt. be for tithe or for a shop account, whether the tri-
bunal be called ecclesiastical or lay, cannot cause a
shade of difference. 'Where, then, lies the evil—far evil
there is ? It is not far to seek—one word describes it
—costs ; and this word suggests the remedy, namely, a
common uniform scale of law costs in all tribunals, to
be fixed, not by the Judges of Courts, but by an Act of
the Legislature.
(From the Courier.)
The financial expose of M. Humann to the Chamber
of Deputies for the year 1842, amplifying in detail the
ravages made in the French Exchequer during the nine
months' ministerial labours of M. 'niers, appears to
have excited less curiosity than might have been ex-
pected, eve's although its leading features were before
commonly known. It is not so much, however, in re-
gard to the actual deficit announced for that year that
this exposition is deserving of attention, nor for the
deficiencies already ascertained for 1840 and 1841,
but because it affords the means for a review and appre-
ciation of the financial state and prospects of France,
present and future, as compared with firmer y ears. The
total amount of the ordinary and extraordinary expenses
iir the year 1842 would, according to M. Humano's
estimation, exce, d 1,316,000,0001. (52,640,000/.
sterling.) The gross income he took at 1,162,000,000...
(46,480,000/. sterling), thus showing a deficit of
154,000,000 f. (6,160,0000 "To meet the extraor-
dinary expenses called for by the present isolated situa-
tion of France," said he, " and to continue the great
public works already commenced, I propose—first, to
devote to the extinction of the deficits of the years 1840,
1841, and 1842, the reserve or surplus of the Sinking
Fund from and after the year 1842 ; and secondly, that
the Government be authorised to contract a loan of
.150,000,0001. for the completion of thoso great works
undertaken by the Departments of War, Marine, and
Public Works." He added, that" his intention was to
. spread the expense of those works over a certain num-
ber of years," and that "he would shortly submit to
the Chamber a special projet de loi with that object."
The Minister also stated that he proposed availing hint-
, :elf of a reserved fund of 120,000,000 f. actually in the
treasury, in order to avoid the necessity for contracting
a loan under disadvantageous circumstances. Such is
the monetary complement of the political exploits of
M. Thiers. In order to estimate properly the enor-
mity of a Budget of 1,316,000,000 of francs for the
year 1842 it is necessary only to collate it with those of
preceding years, which we find thus exhibited in the
Commerce :
That for 1837 amounted to 1,027,000,000
1838 1,039.000,000
1839 1,068 000.000
1840 1,100,000,000
1841 1,115,000,000

1841. The estimates for the Marine are 113,290,000 f.,
or upwards of 4,520,0001. These estimates will only be
required if the present electives under the land and sea
ee7vice be rmintained in 1842, 17,,h;ch we do not antieipace,
and they are so far beyond the expense of supportieg a
peace establishment, that we should expect the Finance
Minister of France for 1842 would then find his revenue aad
expenditure within the limit of the sixty-four millions of
francs declared to be their juxta-position under a peace
establishment, setting aside extraordinary charges. M.
Hurnann does not propose to stop the works of peace. be-
cause he expects that peace will be maintained. On the
same principle be should have discontinued the extraordi-
nary expenses of war, because he tells us that war will not
take place. tie does not, we regret to observe, propose
new taxes, but says there is something else to be tried,
which consists in amending the system pursued in collect-
ing those which exist, SJ as to strengthen the receipt of
taxes, and generabze the applicatiAn of them. The re-
duction of expenditure, it seems, has always been •. inef-
fectual" in France. We should, therefore, suppose that it
has never been applied with selleient. vigour in that country.
The remittances of specie from the United States to
Europe at this season of the year, estimated at nearly
$400,000 during the first ten days of last month, have at-
tracted atteation here, as leading to an impression that, if
continued for any length of time, they might embarrass the
American bank in resuming specie payments. There is
no cause for alarm on that ground, for there is a huge
supply of specie in the United States, and when the spring
sets in the drain of it will terminate, if not before Cuttou
will then be sent forward, aff.rding abundant means for
bills to draw against. About this period there is always
a deficiency of bills from the dullness of trade, and a larg°
demand for remittances to pay the dividends falling due 'on
State Stocks.

1842 1,316,000,000
The annual expenditure, therefore, will have increased
in six years by nearly 300 millions of francs, or in
English money, in round numbers, 12,000,000/. These
resu•ts are aulliciantly serious to awaken the anxieties
of reflecting minds in that country, eve❑ though the
fact be, as stated, that a considerable portion of this
excess for 1842 may be classed under the head of " ex-
traordinaries," and not likely to recur again, should the
general peace remain undisturbed, at least not to the
same extent.

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS

(FRIDAY EVENING.)

LAW INTELLIGENCE.

SII ER IFF.s' CO UR T.
STANLEY V zikuEtEwicz.

vessel.

hi this case Mr. MILLER appeared as Counsel far the
plaintiff, a printer, residiing in Craven-buidings, Strand ;
and Mr. Innis, an attorney, attended on behalf of the Rev.
Zieukiewicz, the defendant, who is a Roman Catholic
clergyman and a Polish refugee.
This action was brought to recover the sum of 191. odd.
for printing several numbers of a work called, " The His-
tory of Poland," and the defendant had paid 21 is into
Court, and pleaded payment as to the remainder.
Mr. MILLER stated that the defendant had employed
the plaintiff to print a " History of Poland" in weekly
numbers, at threepence each, or in monthly shilling
parts. Ho proposed bringing out the work in shares.
The printing of the numbers, it was agreed,
should be done for 21 15s. per week, and the
plaintiff was to take two shares of 11 each in the walk.
Alter the publication, however, of the first monthly part,
the plaintiff found that he could not go on upon these
terms, and it was then arranged between him and Dr.
Zieukiewiez, that he should be pail in full for the future
printing, although his name should continue ainang the
list of shareholders. '1 he plaintiff likewise printed some
fancy wrappers fur the defendant, and had made some
considerable corrections in the History at the doctor's re-
quest, which items amounted in the whole to the sum
claimed.
A compositor, named Ball, in the plaintiff's employ,
proved the work done, and said that he heard the defendant
promise, on his " conscience," to pay the plaintiffs de-
mand in as short a time is possible. Dr. Zieukie aiez
complained of not being able to get in the money for the
first part of the History of Poland until the second part was
in the hands of the booksellers. _ _

Other witness,. s proved admissions of the defendant of
his liability.
Mr. Innis put in the receipts, identified by Ball, which
acknowledged cash payments to the amount of 9/ 195.,
shares 13/. 125., and los. for advertisements, which he
contended more than covered the plaintiff's demand. The
doctor, however, valued his reputation wore than his life
and as he was excessively tenacious of his character, he
( Mr. ',ibis) had paid 21. Is. into Court, in the hope that
it would put an end to the litigation, although the plaintiff
was not entitled to a farthing. He should prove that the
defendant received a stipena of only 26/. per year from the
Polish Association, and that be had been induced by the
solicitati,tis of several friends and the plaintiff to write a
History of Poland, the expenses being undertaken to be
paid by those who advised him to commence the work.
Mr. lanis also submitted that the plaintiff, as one of the
partners in the work, could not sue his co-partner, the
defendant.

TIME S.—lt is obvious, from the remarks made in the
City on the proposed New French Loan, as described in
the Paris papers, that very little indeed of English capi-
tal is likely to be attracted towards it. So much is the
case otherwise, that those who had invested their money
under a different state of things in the public securities of
Fiance are losing confidence, and withdrawing their capi-
tal This has been in oi,eration now during some months,
and there probably has not been any period since the nego-
tiation of the great French Loan by Messrs. Baring, in
1818, after the Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle, in which so
small an amount of English cepital has been in Bribed in
the " Great Book" of the French debt. Leaving this dis-
trust out of the question, there have been so many new
channels opened for the employment of money at home,
that all foreign loans will labour, for some time to come,
under peculiar discouragement.
The amount of Trinity bonds to be brought into circu-
lation is now stated not to exceed 400,000/., and the greater
part of them, if not the whole, are said to have been taken.
The lenders on them have the option of any term, not less
than one, nor more than seven years, and the bonds will
be redeemable on six months' no:ice being given, after the
period first agreed upon has expired. They Lear interest at
4. per cent., payable half-yearly, by coupons attached to
the bonds, and have the convenience of being made pay-
able either to bearer, or specially, as may be desired.
This would make them occasionally useful as remittances
abroad, hut the limited amount will make them compara-
tively of little impartancs, and no influence on the general
money-market is to be anticipated from them.
Money was inquired for a good deal to-day by the job-
bers, and the rate obtained in the English market was 5
per cent. ; in consequence of this, the value (..f. Exchequer_
bills edsanced to 4s. to 6s. premium ; and in the opinion
of th.) leading brokers, there is no probability of a decrease
either in demand or rate till after the payment of the Ja-
nuary dividends, which takes place on the Bth instant. In
Consols very few bargains were made, but the price was
,1
firmer at the dose of business than previously. The
earlier price was 88i to but left off 881 to j-; Three
per Cents. Reduced were quoted 89: the Three-and.a-
Half par Cents. Rsdueed 974 to i; Long Annuities (ex-
piring the sth of January, 1860). 13 ; Long Annuities
(expiring the 10th of October, 1859), 12i ; and Bank
Stock, 157 to 158.
Although the business done in the foreign stocks was
not of any large amount, the greater share was devoted to
speculation in Spanish, but not with the advance of either
yesterday or the day before. On the contrary, the market
for that security has shown symptoms of unsteadiness once
or twice during the day, and the principle of fluctuation
was evidently downwards.
The patience of the military and naval claimants on
Portugal seems to be nearly exhausted, and they complain
bitterly of the long time that has elapsed since the appoint
ment of the Commission, without the slightest appearance
of any thing being done fur their benefit. Four months
ago it was said that Lord Palmerston had a private inter-
view with the offs Hers of the Committee, and then told
them that the Coeirnission would sit immediately, and it
seems that the Portuguese Commissioner when applied
to says he is only waiting for the English Commissioner,
Mr. Alcock. As it is generally believed that the Corn-
mia,ioners arc in the full receipt of their salary, this de-
lay, without any definite cause being alleged, becomes
more and more wearisome. Many of the soldiers being
in the most wretched state of poverty, feel that the incle-
m2ncies of the present season should give an additional
stimulus to activity on the part of the Commissioners.

The UNDER- SHERIFF said that the defendant had given
no evidence of a partnership having existed.
Mr. MILLER then made some severe strictures upon the
"conscience" of a Roman Catholic priest, as illustrated by
the defendant's non-performance of his promise ; and said
that the income of Dr. Zieukicwics had been misrepre-
sented, as, in addition to his allowance as a Polish refugee,
he could obtain a considerable sum for discharging the re-
ligious duties of a Roman Catholic priest.
I'h3 UNDER SHERIFF having summed up, the Jury, with-
out hesitation, returned a verdict for the plaintiff—Da-
mages, 151 17s.

CHRONICLE —The expo:6 of the French Minister
of Finance, announcing that he should require authority
to negotiate a loan of 450,000,000 f. (18,000,0001. ), pro-
duced a temporary flatness in the funds this morning ; but
when it was understood that there were large means at
present in the Treasury, that the period for issuing the
loan was not fixed, and might be remote, prices rall.ed.
The statement of M. Humann has removed the fears of an
immediate issue of a loan, and as many people think knot
perhaps without reason) that he makes the case quite as
bad as circumstances justify, it is not impossible that he
may ultimately Iliad a creation of relays for a small amount
will suffice. If the pair: armee should be abandoned, and
the military and naval strength of the country placed
upon a peace establishment, it is clear that the cause
fur the items of the extraordinary Budget in respect
of war and marine will eras.) to exist long before 184', ;
and as there is good reason to expect that France will
speedily disarm, we cannot but look upon the array of
figures brought forward by M. Humeral as having been
marshalled to produce a certain effect upon the economi-
cal dispositions of his countrymen.
M. Humann states, we perceive, that the revenue, in
spite of its progressive improvement, no longer suffices
for the ordinary expenses of the State, and asks fur au-
thority to inscribe on the great book of the public debt
and to negotiate with publicity and competition, the sue;
of rentes necessary to bring t ) the treasury, as the result
of the operation, a capital of 450,000,000 francs, which,
he says, will be actually " absorbed by the works
for which they are required ;" but then he adds, " the
realization of a loan will not be immediate, and that
there is a reserve in the treasury of 120,000,000 francs,
(4,600,0001.); therefore he had not demanded any credit
fur the service of rentes to be negotiated, and only claimed
the faculty of creating them by Royal ordonnance, if ne-
cessary, without waiting for further legislative sanction.
For the present, M. Ullmann will be able to conduct the
public business with the 120,000,000 of francs reserve,
and a credit for 250,000,000 francs of Treasury bonds
(10,000,0000, waiting until the confirmation of peace
shall enable him to complete the loan, when the funds have
risen to their prop.ir value. There is an unusual degree
of naivete in this last explanation of the Finance Minister
of France ; an exposure of what he means to do on the
Money Mal ket, which would be looked upon amongst pub-
lic men in this country as evincing a want of the lances-
sary official mystery. Certainly it is not the best way
to produce a rise in the rentcs to inform the public that,
so soon as they reach a fair pi ice, there is a loan to a
large amount to be brought forward, if he really be serious
in his declared purpose of raising one.
M. Ilumann might have remained satisfied with the au-
thority, by Royal ordonnance, to create the miles, and
kept the public in the dark as to his future intentions.
This declaration of the Finance Minister leads to an in-
ference that, even if peace be confirmed, which no one
doubts, a loon will be required; for M. Humann says, in
as many words, " We shall defer our loan until the con-
firmation of peace enables us to bring it out on better
terms. For the present there is bullion in the Bank of
'France, with whose support, advanced against a deposit of
Treasury bonds, we shall manage to keep things moving."
Calculated upon a peace establishment, It Is stated by M.
Uhlmann that the insufficiency of ways and means is only
34,000 000 f. (2,560,000/.) against which there will be the
sinking fund, available in 1842,t0 the amount of 90, I 78,9621.,
or say :1,600,000/. ; but then it appears that there is an
old arrear of 256,000,000 of francs to be supported, and a
()Tent of 4,000,000 f. for public works. The estimates of
'the War Department, however, are calculated at
36-1,718,301 f., upwards of 14,560.0004, being an excess
0f 113,177,6101. beyond the credits originally opened for

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, JANUARY 4, 1841.

Dryad. We can prove the receipt of the whole of the
meney of which the Insurance offic,3s were plundered,
0,1,1 the aprproprioion of it.

Sir PETER LAURIE said that he had received a com-
munication from an Insurance office at Liverpool upon
the subject of a loss sustained by the sinking of another

Mr. Clarkson—ls that the Lucy ?
Sir PETER LAURIE—No. Mr. Farquhar, the soli-
citor to the Neptune Insurance Company has the letter.
Mr. C. Phillips submitted that any allusion to cases
not immediately before the Magistrate was calculated to
excite a prejudice against his clients.
Mr. Clarkson said it was by no means his intention to
strengthen the impressions against the prisoners by re-
ferenc€ to the other transaction.

Sir PETER LAURIE.—I shall be satisfied if you
prove that the man and boy who are able to give evi-
dence of the loss of the ship are expected.
Mr. Bodkin said that satisfactory evidence to that
effect should be given. _ . _

Mr. Phillips (solicitor to the General Maritime In-
surance Company) then deposed that he had commu-
nicated with the Board of Admiralty on the subject of
the seaman on board the Rodney, who was stated to
have witnessed the loss of the Dryad. He had me-
morialized their Lordships, praying that the seaman

referred to should be brought to England from the
Mediterranean, to give evidence as to the loss of the
Dryad ; and the answer of their Lordships was their
consent, with the understanding that if any extraordi-
nary expense was incurred the Company should de-

_ .
fray it.
Mr. C. Philips observed, that the statement just made
was but a flourish of trumpets.
Mr. Clarkson—We are ready to go fully into the
case at this moment, with the exception of which I
have already spoken. Is it the wish that we should
do so?

Sir PETER LAURIE.—There is no occasion at all.
I shall remand upon my own responsibility, if I am sa-
tisiled on the points of which you havo spoken.
Mr. C. Phillips—A, man who is supposed to have
w:tnessed the loss of the Dryad, is supposed to be on
board the Rodney, up theNlediteranean. Is that slit-

ficient to justify a remand for such a length of time,
and a refusal to take bail.
Mr. Bodkin—We have communicated with his fa•
mily, and we know from his wife that he is on board
the Rodney. We have searched the ship's books and
we find her account is correct, and we have the mate of
the Dryad here, who will prove that the man was on
board that vessel.

Mr. C. Phillips and Mr. Humphrey, wished to have
the depositions which had already been taken, in order
to apply upon them to the judge for the purpose of
bailing the prisoners.
Mr. Clarkson said it was understood when the charge
was first made that the a itnesses should be required to
state no more than was considered necessary to justify
postponements until the whole of the evidence should
be ready. Mr. Hobler, probably had entered in his
book no more than a mere outline of what had been
stated in conformity with that understanding.
Mr. Hobler said, that what had already taken place
had been stated in a rapid and informal manner, but he
lied, he believed. taken do, vii tho leading features.
Sir PETER LAURIE—Does the mate, who has al-
lready given evidence, know that the seaman was on
board the Dryad ?
Mr. Clarkson—We were just going to call him to
give evidence to that effect.
Here Rowland Max,vell, the mate of the Dryad, was
called, and upon being shown the name of the seaman
ir. the Admiralty letter stated that that seaman was on
board the Dryad with him, and he believed subsequently.
Mr. Clarkson said that the prosecutors had used all
necessary diligence and activity to obtain witnesses, as
the solicitors could prove.
Mr. Phillips (the solicitor) stated that in addition to
what had already been stated, placards had been exten-
sively issued in the seaport towns, offering a reward of
10/. to any seaman who would come forward to give
evidence that he was on board the Dryad when she was
lost.

Mr. Kelly, a person employed for the prosecution,
stated that he had traced out the relatives of the boy
who was stated to have been on board the Dryad when
she was lost, and was at present in communication with
the boy's lather, who was assisting him in the search.
It had been ascertained that ti e boy had been seen in
Liverpool a fortnight or three weeks ago.
Sir P. LAURIE said he knew well how difficult it was
to get hold of witnesses so liable to be scattered about
the world.
Mr. C. Phillips—The prosecutors cannot surely
final any difficulty in procuring witnesses when they
could fix upon the sisters of the prisoners themselves.
Mr. Kelly (the witness) said that a seaman who had
been on board the Dryad when she was lest was also
expected in about five weeks.
Mr. Bodkin said it might be necessary to apply to
hive the prisoners remanded still further. They must
remain in prison until the arrival of the necessary wit-
nesses. In a case of lelony ►f it were proved that a
necessary witness were in Russia, it must be remanded
until the witness should have time to return, after due
notice.
Mr. Clarkson declared that the case against the
prisoners was a great deal stronger than it was supposed
to be from the evidence and statements already pro-
(laced. It we have the evidence required before the
time appointed for the final examination we shall give
notice to the solicitor for the prisoners.
Mr. C. Phillips—Very well. In the meantime we
shall apply to a Judge to take bail,
Sir PETER LAURIE.—I hope you will, a Judge may
do what Ido not consider myself at liberty to do. De-
pend upon it that I shall not consent as take bail
such a ease.
Mr. Philiips—Wilat is the reason the prosecutors
have taken their own principal witness, the mate, into
custody ? W►ll they tell us why they have done that ?
I understand that they actually apprehended him after
his examination was taken here.
Air. Clarksan—lf it is considered by you necessary
to go into the whole of the case, I repeat to you that
lam ready. We happen to know who called upon the
mate, anti for what purpose, and what they said.
S:r PETER LAURIE--C ►n you prove that none of the
goods which were insured at the offic:s of the prosecu-
tors were on board the Dryad ?
Mr. Ciar kmn—C itainly. Mr. Kelly can prove that.
Mr. Kelly stated that he was formerly clerk to
Messrs. Zulieta and Co., who chartered the Dryad
from Liverpool to St. Jago de Cuba. He produced the
ontvoice of all the goods on board the Dryad. That.
Ve.S:':ei was only two-thirds full, and there were no goods
on board except those specified in the outvoiea.
The statements made by the Mate, the Captain of the
Bencoolen, and the witnesses who insured for the pri-
soners upon goods supposed to have been on bo ird the
Dryad, were then read over and signed by the several
individuals brought forward for the prosecution, and the
prisoners were remanded until the commencement of
February.
EXTENSIVE FORGERIES.—A man of rather dashing
appearance, named Rickard Moore, was brought up by
Daniel and William Forrester, the officers, charged
with having uttered several notes purporting to be the
issues of country banks.—Mr. Bodkin, who appeared
for the prosecution, stated that the case was one of an
extraordinary description. The prisoner had gone into
a gambling-house in Leicester-square, and with a num-
her of notes, purporting to he the notes of the Man-
chester and other country banks, played and lost a
considerable sum, which he paid in those notes. Next
day the man of the house, to whom the notes were lost,
cause :with his servant into the City, and at the same
time that he sent his man to one banking-house, at which
some of the notes were payable, lie went himself to
Barclay's, and got cash foe a 10/. Manchester note,
which was soon afterwards found to he a forgery. The
Farresters were then employed, and the owner of the
gambling-house was taken into custody, and in conse-
quence of the information and description given by
that person, the prisoner Moore was apprehended.
Moore, upon being taken, said he had been ruined
by gatnbiing•houses, and be determined to do all he
could to recover his property by playing with fictitious
notes. The prisoner was remanded.

GUILDHALL.
Charlotte Brown made her appearance for about the
seventieth time, to answer the charge of Mr. Crouch,
the landlord of the Golden Ball, Cow-lane, she having
wilfully broken seven panes of glass, value 50s.
The act was proved by the servant of the prosecutor,
act' admitted by Charlotte herself, who said she did it
because she was refused a drain of rum.
Mr. Alderman FAREUROTHER ordered her to pay
501., or go to Bridewell for two months.
Charlotte—God bless you, Alderman Farebrother,
but why not make it three instead of twu?—(Laughter.)
Mr. Crouch said that when those smashers of win-
dows came out they have a standing toast, " Success to
the merciful Aldermen for their lenient sentences."

Alderman FARErtitoTHER said they ought to change
their toast, and drink " Success to the Act of Paha-
m.mt," to the extent of which he had gone.
S,vi.ral other persons were brought up on charges of
dr u. kermess and disorderly conduct, and among them
se tic wed-dressed females were implicated.