The Sun.
London, England, 1847-06-23 00:00:00

THE CORN EXCHANGE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR,---In reading your account of Mark-lane Corn-
market of yesterday, I was struck with perfect disgust
by the reasons assigned for keeping up the price of
grain, but more especially that of wheat.
We are told, " the arrivals of all articles of home pro-
duce up to our market, last week, were on a very li-
mited scale, especially those of corn :
nearly 5,000 quarters of wheat and. but from Ireland
a fair quantity of
corn came to hand, while the receipts of those articles
from Scotland were tolerably good. The imports of
foreign wheat exceeded 20,000 quarters, and of flour
33,000 barrels, which latter may be considered a fair
supply. Fresh up, the receipts of wheat of home pro-
duce were but moderate, and the show of samples was
by no means extensive. Several unfavourable accounts
respecting the potato crop having come to hand th,4
morning from various parts of the country, and the
weather during the past week having been showery, the
factors and holders in the earl) part of the day w ere
very firm in their demands, and in smile instances they
succeeded in obtaining 2s. to 34 ?c'r (Itiarter more
money, for selected parcels of both r(-'I and white.
We had an extensive quantity 0- foreign wheat en
offer, certainly over 30,000 quarters."
NVith respectful subminion to you, and regard for
the tone of your consistency and reasonable b'entiments.
generally, I would beg leave to submit a few words to
your impartial columns, which, as a considerfib'e agri-
culturalist and grower of c rn, many }errs a so, I k"-lalin
to have an opinion in regard to the pre:ent and 100g-
continued famine prices.
The murrain, or potato disease, may have affected
that useful vegetable in some degree in England, and
perhaps more so in Ireland ; but the deficiency, with
good and careful management, might have been easily
made up with a great variety of other cheap and whole-
some food, especially when we find such an immensity
of foreign imports of provisions ; and I am positive that
there has not been any just, reasonable, or honest
ground for running up the price of the common
staff of life in the manner that it has. There
may have been, under the circumstances, some
slight reason for a little advance, in the wheat
wheat market, of Bs. or 10s. the quarter over the price
of last Michaelmas time, and, I would say, not more—
perhaps not that. When had we a more abundant har-
vest, throughout the United Kingdom, than last year, or
more favourable weather to secure it ? But the pota-
toes—the potatoes in Ireland was a failure ; famine
sprang up in the land in, consequence, and, like light-
ning, spread and flew throughout her Majesty's domi-
nions. Oh, there is and shall be a famine 1 A new
light instantly springs up—a wicked system of combina-
tion and speculation, in regrating, forestalling, keeping
hack, and perverting the free and regular course of the
markets naturally produces the selfish effect which every
dealer soon becomes alive to 1 And the starving poor,
and the community throughout the land, have found, to
their sorrow, that the potato disease extended to every
production of the soil, and principal necessaries of life.
It appears to me, now, that such is the organised sys-
tem of the corn trade, that factors, dealers, and holders,
can, by the help of railroads, to travel, and electric tele-
graph, to discern the signs, raise or fall, or do what they
please at pleasure. The question is—bow are the people
to help themselves out of such a wicked pressure, and
avoid the dismals of accursed combination ? Who will
read the report of the Corn Exchange (which I have
quoted) and say, and feel, that the system is not so ?
Who contrives, at home, to send a moderate supply ?
Who takes care to place accounts in the markets unfa-
vourable to the growing crop of potatoes ? From my
daily perusal of newspapers the accounts rendered, from
all quarters, of the potato crop, is favourable ; and I
imagine that few, if any, really do not know whether
there is any disease at all—and from every county there
never before was heard such unanimous expression in
favour of the health, vigour, and abundance of every
kind of growing grain. Yet, all statements are of no
use. Large imports are of no use. Ireland sends her
corn and provisions in abundance. All is of no use—the
people must be pinched and starved, at will, in the midst
of plenty I Surely our Government has had a pretty
picture to look at, but who can say, or tell, how they can
legislate to make man honest.—l am, Sir. your obliged
and obedient servant, one who has been
Leamington, June 22, 1847. A FARMER.
P.S.—ln my time, I well remember, that wheat stacks,
at this season of the year, were usually very scarce, and
seldom seen or found at all, except in the stack-yards of
broad-backed or wealthy farmers ; and, so far as op-
portunity has served me, I have noticed an equal pro-
vision in store at the present time ; and if a Parlia-
mentary return were made this week of all the stacks
and store in the farmers' hands in every parish throughout
the empire, I doubt not but plenty would be found, if not
entirely an equal quantity of any year, rich in abun-
dance, and the usual way.

THE WEATHER AND THE CROPS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sin,—l know you will be glad to hear good news
relating to the prospect of the potato crop. A party in
this neighbourhood, last week, on examining his, found
them to all appearance diseased, but since which time,
as if by magic, they have entirely recovered, and cannot
possibly look better than they do now. The crops of all
kinds with as look wonderfully well, and promise abun-
dance. May Providence bless us with a good harvest.
I remain, Sir, yours respectfully,
A CONSTANT READER.
Bristol, June 22, 1847.
P.S. The corn market to day here has been very dull
indeed, nothing doing.

We have now had a stretch of excellent summer wea-
ther—the last fourteen days having been particularly
favourable to vegetation, which, under the fine solar
heat and refreshing rains, has proceeded with tropical
celerity—all garden plants growing as it were by inches.
The fruit trees, which generally showed a eery abun-
dant Idossem, have had fine weather for setting, so that
there is every chance of the crop being a much superior
one to that of last year. The wheat and oat crop, and
also beans and potatoes, are looking healthy and lux-
uriant. We would particularise some fine potatoes at
Craigneil and Almont, in Colmonell parish, and at Ard-
well and Girvan, which are very well forward. There
seems to have been more potatoes ventured than was
expected; and in almost every case they have brairded
successfully. We are sorry to hear that the worm has
been ravaging the oat crop on some farms on the water
of Girvan; and also, that the braird of winter wheat was
so poor that it was ploughed down and re-sown with
bere. From the hills the news are of a chequered de-
scription. The backward, cold, barren, unkindly spring
led to many deaths of lambs, and the frosty mornings
induced braxy in the old sheep. But now that there is
fine warm weather and plenty to eat, the stock is im-
proving rapidly, and several farmers have already their
" cutting " well past. For this critical operation warm
moist weather is the best, and it must also be entirely
free frost which sometimes, even in June, will appear in
the wet and high-lying hill country, and prove often
highly injurious to the cut lambs. Sheep seldom or
never fetched higher prices.—Ayr Observer.
KILMARNOCK.—Mr. Lang, nurseryman here, has sent
to our office samples of diseased early potatoes grown in
his own garden. The same gentleman also informs us
that he saw them diseased in Ayr on Tuesday last.—
Kilmarnock Herald.

GREENOCK.—We would strongly recommend all who
are growing potatoes at once to examine their crops.
There is not a doubt that the disease extensively pre-
vails in this neighbourhood. Plants of every variety
and from seed from all countries are equally affected.
The leaves generally appear green and healthful, but
the part of the stem under the ground, and generally
nearest the set, presents the appearance of bruises ott
the surface.—Greenock Advertiser.

TUE POLITICAL HISTORY OF BuCKINGHAMSHIRB.
—ln addressing the electors of Buckinghamshire, at a
meeting held yesterday at Amersham, Mr. Disraeli, in
his usual emphatic manner, recalled to the recollection
of his future constituents, the important part which the
county of Buckinghamshire has played in the political
history of the country. " The county of Buckingham.
shire," observed the lion. Candidate, "has always taken
a lead in the political fortunes of this country. The Par-
liamentary constitution of England was born in the bo-
som of the Chiltern Hills; as to this day our Parliamen.
tary career is terminated among its hundreds.—(Cheers
and laughter.) The Parliamentary constitution of Eng-
land was established when Mr. Hampden rode up to
Westminster surrounded by his neighbours. Bucking-
hamshire did that for England. It has done more. h
gave us the British constitution in the seventeenth cen-
tury, and it created the British empire in the eighteenth.
All the 'great statesmen of that century were born, or
bred, or lived in this county. Throw your eye over the
list—it is a glorious one—from Shelburne to Grenville.
Travel from Wycombe to Buckingham, from the first
Lord Lansdowne, the most accomplished Minister this
country ever produced, to the last of our classic states-
men. Even the sovereign genius of Chatham was nursed
in groves of Stowe, and amid the temples. quam dilecto
of theeohham; and it was beneath his oaks at Beaconfield
that Mr. Burke poured forth those divine effusions that
vindicated the social system, and reconciled the autho-
rity of law with the liberty of man."
THE EARL OF DUNDONALD.—We understand that
at the approaching general election there is evk.ry pro-
bability that the Earl of Dundonald will be proposed as
one or t• e sixteen representative peers of Scotland.
Apart from all political considerations, we should ear-
nestly hope that the brilliant, though, alas! chequered
history of this hero, combined with the recent and em-
phatic
nmeritce o ur receivedott
Scottish
ht
ptheeerhagaendtso
follow
filhisow hfiisue
pshoavteirceitgrinb,uwtentl
it up by placing his honoured name on their illustrious
roll to the Imperial Parliament. Sure we are that such
an act will be duly appreciated by the nation, and more
especially by the fellow-countrymen of the renowned.
Cochrane.—Caledonian Mercury.
THE BATTLE OF MARENGO.-011 the 14th, being
the anniversary of the battle of Marengo,e eolosshial
statue of Napoleon was inaugurated on the field
_. of this
great Alexandria, a great victory, by M. Jean Delavo,
had
whopurchased the
pas-
sionate admirer of the Emperor,
trround, and with it the cottage in which Napoleon rested
'and wrote to the Emperor of Austria. £his humble
dwelling has been restored, and in it M. Delavo has
carefully collected all the fragments of arms and other
relics of the great fight that could be found. The
statue, executed by one of the first artists of Italy, is
placed oa a spot facing the road from Turin to Genoa,
and commanding the whole of the field. The cottage is
surrounded by a richly cultivated garden.
We learn by letters from Russia that the Trans.-
Caucasian provinces have been ravaged by locusts. The
quantity was so imtrense that the people collected then,
in heaps, covered them with straw, and burned thorn.
Donizetti, .the composer, is about quitting •the
asylum where'll° has some time been confined, and will
henceforth reside in Paris, under the care of hie nephr ew.

'IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT
HOUSE OF LORDS, June 22.
LORD CHANCELLOR 500 k his seat on the Wool-
.
rtly after Five o'clock.
ngers from the Commons brought up several
deh were read a first time.
THE RAILWAY BILLS (No. HO
.1-esru BROOGIIA.M said he saw by the Votes of the
ether. House of Parliament that the Railway Bill (No 2)
had been withdrawn, and he could conceive nothing
mere ridiculous and laughable than the course Govern-
ment had pursued with respect to that measure.
RAILWAY RESOLUTIONS.
The Earl of' DEVON called the attention of the
House, as, we understood, to the resolutions recently
passed, and the decision of a Committee which he thought
not in accordance with their spirit.
Laird BEAUMONT said that he believed he was
chairman of the Committee to which the Noble Earl had
referred, but he was perfectly unable to hear anything
wkiich fell from the Noble Earl in his speech, and had
t'nerefore to labour under the disadvantage of answering
a speech which he had not heard. The Noble Lord
then proceeded to refer to the conduct of the Committee
upon the Wexford Bill, as we understood, and contended
that the decision was in strict conformity with the spirit
of the resolutior,s recently adopted by the House, and
they had intcsoduce.d amendments in conformity there-
with.
The arirendments introduced into the Bill by the
Commiteee were then agreed to.
BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES BILL.
Lr,rd CAMPBELL gave notice that on Monday next
he 'should move that the House go into Committee on
this
Lord STANLEY presented a petition from the
cirarchwardens of the collegiate church of Manchester
att..-ayirg for an inquiry into the corporate revenues.
HEALTH OF TOWNS BILL.
The Bishop of NORWICH presented several petitions
in favour of the Health of Towns Bill.
The Bishop of OXFORD also presented a petition
in favour of the Health of Towns Bill.
BISHOPRIC OF MANCHESTER, Sze., BILL.
On the orAer of the day for going into Committee on
this Bill being read,
The Bishop of EXETER said that it was with con-
siderable pain to himself that he felt bound to oppose the
further progress of this Bill. He was unwilling to make
a motion, and would, therefore, content himself by say-
ing that the Bill did not meet with his approval in its
present state.
After a few words from Lerd BROUGHAM, with
respeet to the law, as it related to the appointment of
Spiritual and temporal Peers,
The LORD CHANCELLOR agreed with his Noble
and Learned Friend in the opinion he had expressed
upon the proposal of the Right Reverend Prelate.
The House then went into Committee.
On the 2d clause being proposed,
Lord REDESDALE rose to move the amendment of
-which he had given notice, namely, " And whereas
doubts may arise whether bishops of the
new sees to be established under the powers of this Act,
may not demand, as of right, writs of summ,ns to par-
Lament, be it enacted, pursuant to the declaration of her
Majesty, herein before recited, that until her Majesty
shall be graciously pleased to summon to Parliament
any bishop holding one of the said
_sees, no bishop
Isolding that see shall be entitled to demand,
as of right, a writ of summons to Parliament."
It was always hitherto contended that where a Peerage
was conferred a right to be summoned to Parliament
eves also conferred, and they had always obtained in
This country. except when the powers of this House were
destroyed Ey a republican Gevernment.
The Marquis of LANSDO re*Ne: was understood to
oppose the insertion of the clause. He considered that
the spiritual Peers sat in the House under totally dif-
ferent circumstances from the temporal Peers ; in their
cue the right to the peerage did not descend from father
to son as was the case with the other Peers.
L,rd STANLEY thought that the mode in which this
new bishop was to be appointed was must objectionable,
inasmuch as it would be an obstruction upon the prero-
gative of the Crown, but it was more than this—it was
an invasion of their rights, whether spiritual or tem-
poral.—(Hear. hear.) Independently of this objection
in point of principle, it was also objectionable with
respect to those other bishops who were to be at a future
slay appointed. If, however, new bishops were to be
appointed he considered that they must be appointed in a
different mode, and under different circumstances, but
if the plan of the Bill were carried out, many of the
young talented members of the Church would be ex-
cluded from seats on the Bench. Besides establishing a
dangerous precedent, it was seriously interfering with
the prerogative of the Crown ; and he hoped, therefore,
their Lordships would pause before they rejected the
Amendment of his Noble Friend. They were called
upon to establish Baronies without seats in that House,
lead ho thought the principle was most dangerous and
unwise. Just as well might they be asked to pass a
Bill, restricting the number of Marquises who should
hold units in that House. The Bishops of Exeter and
Salisbury had just as much right to seats in that House
as the Marquis of Exeter or the Marquis of Salisbury,
and their Lordships had no legal right to deprive any
Bishop of a seat in that House. For these reasons he
certainly should give his support to the motion of his
Noble and Learned Friend.
The LORD CHANCELLOR said that the difficulty
really was not whether there should be a new bishopric
founded, but whether he should have a seat in the House.
It had been objected to 'this measure as an undue in-
terference with the rights of the Crown, of the Right
Rev. Prelates, and the whole of the temporal Peers be-
sides. lie was at a loss to account how these results
could follow from the passing of this Bill. Was the
douse prepared to say that every new Bishop should
have a seat in the House, without regard to the numbers
to be appointed, or would their Lordships allow that
proper spiritual superintendence to be afforded to the
country, which was so much needed, by proper and effi
cient persons, who would not have a seat in that House ?
'Those were the only two courses which he saw open for
the House to adopt. He thought that the Bill was one
which met the difficulties of the whole case, and he
thought that it was one which was entitled to receive
their Lordships support.
The Marquis of BUTE said that he felt reluctantly
compelled to oppose the further progress of the measure,
and he should give his support to the amendment of his
Noble Friend.
The Bishop of EXETER said that in his opinion the
present Bill would have the effect of placing a restraint
upon the prerogative of the Crown, in the creation 01
new Bishops.
The Bishop of' LONDON said as they might expect
biro, as one of the Commissioners appointed by le r
IlLajesty to carry out her Majesty's recommendations
with respect to the appointment of new bishops, to say fl
few words, he would do so. He was ready to take his
share in the blame which might attach to those who had
proposed this Bill. His Noble arid Learned Friend (the
Bishop of Exeter) said that the right of a bishop to b,
summoned to that House was created at the time of his
investure ; but the right existed as well with respect to
young as to old bishops. There was considerable weight
in the objections made by the Noble Lords ; but then
those from whom the Bill emanated had to deal with
great difficulties, and they chose what appeared to them
to be the best. After detailing the circumstances which
had led to the introduction of the Bill, the Right
Reverend Prelate proceeded to say, that he was
of opinion that bishops, after they were ordained,
:should reside some years in their diocese before
they came to the metropolis. There ought
always to be a sufficient number of bishops to represent
the church ; but he did not think so large a number of
new bishops should be appointed, as many Noble Lords
seemed to suppose, because he thought that a bishop, by
the aid of archdeacons, might be enabled to accomplish
great good in his diocese. Upon these grounds he felt
it his duty to support the Bill.
Lord REDESDALE considered that the clause would
. prove dangerous to the prerogative of the Crown, and
therefore he should vote for its rejection.
Strangers were then ordered to withdraw, and their
Lordships divided:—
For the amendment
Against it
••
Majority against the amendment
The Bishop of OXFORD then proposed the insertion
-of a clause (the purport of which did not reach the
gallery) which was agreed to without a division.
The Bishop of SALISBURY, on clause 3 being pro-
posed, moved an amendment regulating the rights and
immunities of the deans and chapters in connexion with
cathedral establishments of the old foundation.
The Marquis of LANSDOWNE rose to state the rea-
•sons why he objected to the amendment proposed, but
:the Noble Lord spoke in so low a tone of voice that he
could not be heard in the gallery.
The cleuee was then agreed to.
The other clauses were then agreed to.
The following Bills were then read a third time:—
'Great Southern and Western Railway Extension (Por-
tarlington to Tullarnore).
Dublin and Drogheda Railway (Branch from Navan to
Dells).
Glasgow, Barrhead and Neilston Direct, and Glasgow
Southern Terminal Railway Amalgamation.
!Glasgow, Barrhead and Neilston Direct Railway.
Italacduff Harbour Improvement.
T!',..aeu!iameton and Dorchester Railway.
te
itrnCounties Railway (Malden, Witham and Brain-
treeailway purchase).
rfolk Railway (Yarmouth Extension).
:Norfolk Railway (Wymondham Branch).
Great Western Railway
..
(Branch to join London and
South-Western Railway at Lambeth).
Swansea Valley Railway.
;Lowestoft Railway and harbour (Alteration near Read-
haveu).
Dondl
nchtniehae, andel Branch Perth R
o,ailway (Inchture, Polgrave and
s
ine other Bills were forwarded a stage, andtheir
Lords hips adjourned at a quarter past Eight o'
'clock.