The Sun.
London, England, 1841-10-04 00:00:00

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LONDON:
MONDAY, OCrOBE[ 4, 11341.

The Duke of WELLINGTON stated in the House
of Peers on Friday evenin.2-, that "':Here was no
real distress in the coentry for want of food,"
that " it was utterly impossible that any inquiry
should be made at present," and that " he had
no objection to take on himself the responsibility
of advising her MAJEsrry to prorogue the Parlia-
ment." The Duke and his colleagues, there-
fore, agree on the subject of no distress ; but
while ROBERT PEEL endeavours, by quoting
Savings' Banks. and Fever Hospital returne, to
prove that there is nothing but health and pros-
perity, the Duke of WELLINGTON bluntly asserts
it. They both agree in opinion ; they only differ
in the mode of their expression.
At all the public meetings held at Manchester,
Liverpool, Bolton, Warrington, &c., &c., lan-
uage the very reverse of that used by these two
statesmen has been continually employed, and
no person has stood up to gainsay it. A great
ditl'erence of opinion, then, exists between the
Cabinet and the manufacturing population con-
cerning its condition. If the difference con-
cerned
.the policy to be adopted towards the
United States in the case of M'LEOD, we should
concede the propriety of the Duke of WELLING-
TON and Sir it. PEEL disregarding the representa-
tions of the. manufacturers. They could judge
of that question better, perhaps, than the inha-
bitants of Manchester. But when the difference
relates to the condition of • the manufacturers
themselves, of which the Duke of WELLING..
TON and Sir ROBERT PEEL can know nothing
except what they learn from the manu-
facturers, it seems to us preposterous in
the Ministers not to listen to their representa- 1
tions: But they have made up their minds. There
can be, in' their opinion, no distress arising from
their beloved Corn-laws. There must be no dis-
tress, and they are determined, as far as they can,
that no evidence of distress shall be formally
laid before Parliament. It is inconvenient, too,
for Peers and landlords to be kept from their
preserves, and though the different views touch
the safety of the empire, the Duke of WELLING-
TON takes on himself the responsibility of recom-
mending the prorogation of Parliament without
entering into any -inquiry.

His Grace betrays in that resolution more of
the courage of the soldier than the prudence of the
civilian. He seems to have lost none of that
iron energy which enabled him to conquer
BONA.PARTE. He is still a man
of few words
and bold deeds. Unfortunately, however, for
his reputation and the public happiness, the
people are not an enemy whom he must subdue;
they are the masters of the whole Government,
which is bound, let who will administer it, to
study their will and happiness. To set out
therefore, on the principle a refusing to listen to,
their prayers—of knowing better what is good
for them than they know themselves--must lead
his Grace astray and the greater his energy,
the
firmer his resolve, the faster and further he
will go wrong,
and the more injurious his con-
duct will be to his own reputation and to the
community. The Duke of WELLINGTON, with
his Tory colleagues, have committed the very
same errors betbre. They would not listen to
the demands for Parliamentary Reform. They
described the old boroughmongering system as
perfect, and they brewed a revolution, which is
still :fermenting. Their error in 1841 is more
palpable and greater than their error in 1830,
and the consequences will be more fatal to them-
selves.

HOW will the people take the Duke of WEL-
uNoToN's declaration, Sir R. PEEL'S arguments
and the determination to prorogue the Parlia-
ment at all hazards? What will the hand-loom
weavers say to a Government which denies the
existence of distress for want of food? What will
the agricultural labourer say? What will all
those who are on the verge of famine, or who see
their fellows on that dreadful brink, say to the
Noble Dultz's declaration " that there is plenty
of food," a:4l "that afiy honest hard-working.
man may, 11l England, acquire a competency ?"
NV hat can they all say and think of the present
'Government, but, that it mocks at their suffer-
ings, and is resolved to rule them with an iron
hand, denying them even the poor boon of an
inquiry into their complaints? Their patience
is praised, and is relied on. They have been
most orderly—most submissive; and will, the
DUKE believes, continue to he r,o. Their silence
and peaceable behaviour are infallible indications,
theTorips assert, that they do not suffer, and thus

theirveryvirtues embolden theiroppressors. As the
legislature never made laws for the public welfare,
but only and always to serve some class-interest
as it made the Corn-law for the purpose of keep-
ing up rents, it never will be induced to give up
that law by anything short of a conviction that
it is not for the interest of the landlords to
maintain it. How that conviction is to be en-
gendered, as they believe that the law is bene-
ficial to them in a pecuniary point of view, we
cannot say. Vultures and wolves are scared from
their prey, but what can scare a Government of
monopolists, headed by the iron-minded Duke
in one House, and PEEL, GRAHAM, and STAN-
LEY in the other ?

We copy from the Carnarvon Herald an ac-
count of a preliminary meeting held at Carnar-
von, to consider the propriety of summoning a
Ministerial Conference in Wales on the subject
of the Corn-laws. There seems no doubt but the
Conference will be held. This, however, is not
the only indication of the stronereligious feeling
which is now connected with the abolition of the
Corn-laws., In several chapels prayer meetings
have been held on that subject. The school-
masters at Manchester have put their shoulders
to the wheel, and they will not be without their
influence. Between the aristocratic bread-taxers
and the non aristocratic bread-eaters a fierce
contention on principle is arising, which will end
either by enslaving the people, or by abolishirig
the bread-tax.

We rejoice to read the noble sentiments and
language which were used at the meeting at Li-
verpool. Neithej the broad cloth, as Mr. RATH-
BONE styled the middle classes, nor the fustian
jackets who originated the meeting, are disposed
to lie down and allow the Tory aristocracy to
squeeze the wealth out of one, or trample the
other out of existence. They know, as Mr. HoL-
LAND expressed it, that the Prime Minister seeks
for time, in order to reconcile the discordant ele-
ments of his Cabinet, looking to a season of dis-
tress to frighten the BUCKINGHAM and the
KNATCHBULLS into a sense of justice, or to a
season of returning prosperity, to relieve him
from the necessity of thwarting the mono-
polists. He knows that if the people sub-
mit to starvation through the winter, spring
will bring relief and hope, and he may
then take his own measures to rivet in peace
Tory shackles on the community. But we are
assured that the people will not submit to• starva-
tion to confirm the theories of the Duke of
WELLINGTON, and give a triumph to the Duke
of BUCKINGHAM. The strong language ap-
plied to the Corn-laws at the meeting says
plainly, that they are properly appreciated as a
a matter of principle ; and all sense ofjustice and
religion must be swept out of the minds of the
people before they again tamely acquiesce in the
continuance of the Devil's laws.

Poor Alderman TH03130-N, so very recently
the idol of the Conservatives of Sunderland, has
fallen under the balm of his old .Tory worship-
pers. His political flirtatious have grave names
applied to them by the Conservative magnates of
that venerable borough; his portrait is no longer
to ornament the Exchange-buildings ; nor
are his arms to direct the thirsty traveller to
where the bek treble X. is to be obtained. The
Conservatives of Sunderland do not like being
jilted by such every-day catches as the Alder-
man, and they chow the bitr,erness of their mor-
tification by removing from their sight everything
calculated to remind of a connexion not over and
above creditable to any of the parties concerned.
Thus at a public meeting of the Sunderland
Tories, held on the 19th ult., the following reso-
lutions were unanimously adopted :
That this meeting aro of opinion, that the conduct of
Mr. *Alderman Thcmslm has been unconstitutional, and
highly detrimental to the interests of the Borough.
That the portrait of the Alderman be immediately
withdrawn from the Exchange Buildings, cal that the
same be submitted for sale by public auction.
That Mr. Horner be instructed to remoyo the Alder-
man's Arms from his building, and to adopt the title of
" Horncr's Commercial Hotel." -

These resolutions were advertised at the expense
of the meeting, but as we would not have the
character of the Alderman among the Tories
confined to the Conservative Journals, we insert
them for nothing. The picture, with two hen-
dred engravings from it, are also advertised to
be sold; but as there is nobody in Sunderland to
bid a penny for them, the borough had better
make a present of them to Lord LOWTHER. All
parties are now sick of the Alderman, whose
person and picture are equally a drug• in the
Tory market.

We have received the whole of the French

Journals of Friday and Saturday: Their con-
tents are of little political interest. According
to the Temps England and France have come
to a satisfactory agreement relative to Tunis, so
that we shall have no more troubles in that
quarter. The press, however, continaes to cla-
mour against any reduction of the armaments.

A Minister of War without 400,000 bayonets
at his disposal, and a Minister of Marine with-
out twenty sail of the line in commission, are
never again to be seen in France. While the
people are everywhere sinking under the weighs
of taxation, the Journals advocate a policy which,
if persisted in, must increase the public burdens

There was another case of a defaulter on the
Paris Bourse on Saturday. The Baron d'E—
was found to be short of cash to the amount of
300,000 francs.
A letter from Athens states that the public executioner,
a Frenchman, whilst walking on the shore of the island of
Agina, which had been assigned as his asylum from the
prejudices of the people, had been shot. Several of his
predecessors met their deaths in a similar manner.
The documents relative to the appeal of Madame Laf-
farge to the Court of Cessation, against the judgment of
the Correctional Tribunal of Tulle refusisg her the delay
she demanded, and against the judgment given by default
on the indictment itself, have been received in Paris; and
M. Saint-Laurent has been named reporter on the case.
The German Journal qf Frankfort states that M.
Becker, author of the song of the " Rhine," has just re-
ceived from some patriots of Mentz a present of a mag-
nificent silver cup.
The Swiss papers mention that some extensive salt
springs have been recently discovered near Kaiser-Augst,
in Argau.
A Belgian journal, the Tribune, states that a woman
of Oreye, aged 40, and who had never before had a
child, has just been brought to bed of three daughters.
Her husband is turned sixty.
The Grand Council of the Canton of Tessin() has just
adopted a project of political amnesty, and issued two
proclamations, on the 21st ult,, relative to this subject.
Criminal procedure is to be continued only against the
authors, leaders, and promoters of the late insurrection,
and the Grand Council has declared its intention to em-
ploy clemency even against parties the most seriously
compromised in that affair, upon their showing signs of
repentance.

A new Constitution for the principality of Schwartz-
burg Sonderhausen was promulgated on the 24th ult.
It comprises 16
.chapters and 210 paragraphs, and di-
rects among other liberal provisions that the representa-
tive assembly shall consist of 2 nobles, 9 deputies of
towns and burghs, 3 deputies from the peasants, 2 de-
puties from the learned professions, and 2 deputies from
merchants and irea.ders.
A Frankfort paper states that a furrier at Dresden,
who had made a fur cap fir the Emperor Napoleon on his
return from Russia, and kept by him the cap of the Em-
peror which had been given as a model, had bequeathed
it at his death to his family, and that the present pos-
sessor of it, on the occasion of the visit of M. Thiers to
Dresden, offered to sell it to him for 1,500 dollars (5,8351.)
M. Thiers said he was glad to see so much sympathy for
Napoleon in a Saxon family, but could not think of de-
privinw,them of such a relic at any price I
The'Leipsic Gazette, which stated a short time since
that during the mauwuvres of the guards near Potsdaln,
several men were wounded by their
wheneirco-fiardiLscr,
ahaving
h
put sand and stones in their gulls
other in the mock engagements, says that, during the
reviews at Leignitz, the Prince of Prussia was wounded
in the thigh by a stone fired in this manner. The wound
was slight, and, after it had been dressed, the Prince
continued on horseback during the rest of the day.
A correspondent writes from Rome, on the 23d ult.,
that a violent storm of thunder and lightning, acconi-
panied by a deluge of rain, occurred that morning.
water which fell had never been wit-
nlesieseqtlan
dbeft)irye in Rome, i Re, but the duration of
he ieitle column'
,
was only an hour. The electric fluid struck
of Antoninns Pius, on the Piazza Golonna, and chipped
off fragments from thepethdeesdmtaal,
damage
ed ihanjdurendotzhteheiTcbtelepn-
tion, but the extent of
ascertained.

The Antwerp papers state that M. Bussoti, Belgian
Consul-General at Galacz, has failed, and that several
houses at Antwerp are sufferers by this disaster.
We learn from Hanover that Professor .Heeren, of
Gottingen, has been commissioned by the Government
to travel through France and Belgium, and inquire into
the causes of the immense extension orthe manufactures
and commerce of these two countries it} The course bf

the last few years. M. Heeren is to proceed shortly to
Paris, where his investigations are to commence.
A correspondent on the frontiers of Poland writes to
the Augsburg Gazette—" We have from 16,000 to 20,000
men constantly •mployed on the railroad between War-
saw and Cracow. Of these 15,000 are Russian serfs let
out by their masters, to whom the contractors pay from
six to ten silver roubles, according to the strength and
capacity of the men, moreover, furnishing them with
maintenance, and paying 700 roubles for every man who
may die or be missing.'
The following statistics of Berlin are given by a journal
of that capital:—" In 1640 Berlin contained only 6,000
inhabitants; at the close of the reign of the Grand Elec-
tor of Brandenburgh, Frederick William; there was
20,000. ii[is successor, who became King of Prussia
under the name of Frederick 1., decreed in 1709 that
the different towns divided on the banks of the Spree
should be united under one local Government, and bear
the name of Berlin. At the end of his reign the number
of inhabitants was 50,000. Frederick William L, father
of the Great Frederick, enlarged Berlin, and in his reign
the number of houses was 4,300, and that of the inha-
bitants 90,000. Under Frederick IL, the population,
including the garrison, was 145,000. It is now 250,000."
A letter from Beyrout, of the 29th August, in the
Toulonnaise, informs us that a few days previously two
men, disguised as women, and accompanied by an old
woman, obtained admission into the house of one of the
inhabitants of Jaffa during his absence, and proceeded to
commit atrocious violence on a young female. A complaint
having been made to the authorities, one of the two men
was arrested, but the other took refuge in the house of the
English consular agent, who is a Syrian; but a crowd hav-
ing assembled in front of it, and threatened to force its way
in, if the man was not delivered up, the consular agent
surrendered him to the authorities. Shortly after, the
old woman who assisted the two criminals was met in the
street and stabbed. The French Consul, who was seen
mills way home, was asked by the exasperated crowd,
whether the European agents had received a mission to
protect criminals ; but speaking Arab with fluency, he
was able to tranquillise them, and to make his retreat
without receiving any injury.
The :Echo du Luxembourg says :—" We are assured
that on the frontiers of the Grand Duchy, towards
Prussia, the free exportation and importation of a great
number of articles continue to take place, notwithstand-
ing the non-ratification of the treaty by his Majesty.
It is added that Luxembourg daily exports many cattle
and a great quantity of corn."
The King arrived at St. Clolid yesterday evening.
M. Cumin Gridain arrived at Paris from Compiegne
yesterday evening.
Marshal Soult is expected to-day at Paris.
M. Salvandy, the Ambassador of France at Madrid,
will set out for the Spanish capital in a fortnight.
The Journal de Francfort announces that the Princess
of Metternich, having entirely recovered from the indis-
position which obliged her husband, some days ago, to
return to the castle of JOhannisburg, which he had al-
ready quitted, the Prince was again to set out, on the
28th of September, to return to Vienna, but, as he in-
tends to visit, by the way, the Courts Carlsruhe, Stutt-
gardt, and Munich, he will not arrive at Vienna till
about the 10th of this month.—Le Constitutionnel.

The Carlists who have profited by the amnesty con.,
tinue to pass through Bayonne. On the 27th of Sep-
tember twenty-three officers passed through. Up to
this day, all those who have already passed through this
city seem to be well satisfied with the reception, and the
conduct of the authorities, and of the inhabitants with
whom they have any concern. Another considerable
number of Spanish refugees have entered by way of
Oleron, and it is said that other detachments are on their
march to the frontiers. The Semaphore of Marseilles,
of the 29th says :—" The Directors of the Levant
Packet Company have decided that on account of the
return of the Dante to Marseilles, the Euratos shall be
'dispatched to-morrow the 30th, direct fo Malta.—Le
Commerce.

_s;_f firr
THE 'SUN. LONDON. MONDAY, OCTOBER 4. 1841.!

ject, because he announced a fact adverse to dishonea
and unsuccessful agitation. He who, while leading on
British armies to victory for more than twenty years,
never sullied the British flag by one act of unnecessary
harshness, is now vituperated as cruel, because he will
not deceive the public."—Our Contemporary here boldly
refutes an assertion that has never been advanced. "He
makes the giants first, and then he kills them." No one
ever called the Duke of Wellington " a monster," or a
" modern Herod," for stating that there was enough
food in the country—no one ever dreamed of such an
absurdity. The worst that has ever been alleged against
his Grace by Reformers is, that he is rather behind, than
in advance of, the times, as respects legislation.
We quote the following from the Berwick Advertiser :
—" While the new Ministry reign supreme in the House
of Commons, public feeling sets in against them strong
out of doors. In every part of the country meetings are
in the course of being held, to deprecate the heartless
postponement of public business over the winter. As
might be expected, the strongest indignation is every-
where expressed against such a procedure."
The Somerset Gazette observes, in an article sug-
gested by the approaching prorogation :—" Sir Robert
can only retrieve himself by meeting the country with
tenfold liberality next February, as some small compen-
sation for the delay. He must give in tenfold degree
then. But that he may be stimulated to do so, the
country must make good use of the intervenirg five
months."

The Hereford Times says of the present Government :
—" Among the many fine things which the country
was promised, whenever the Tories returned to power,
was the practice of economy, which, we were assured,
would stand in strong contrast with the profligacy of the
Whigs. But the Tories are in power, and the preach-
ing of economy has passed away, and we have in its
stead the practice of profligacy."
The Paisley Advertiser remarks, in reference to the
state of the poor in that town—" There is great distress,
great privation, great suffering. In Johnstone there
are 120 families, comprising 300 individuals, in such
distress as to be unable, without aid, to obtain food,
clothing, or pay, for shelter. The distress in Paisley
has increased more this week than during any week
since its commencement. The number applying for re-
lief has increased 118, and now in all 804, amounting,
with dependents, to above 2,400."
The Scotsman thus speaks of the present Ministry:—
They see trade in a state of extreme depression,
' poverty and famine stalking over the land, and,
after immeasurable boag of, their power to
save the country, theft confess they can do
nothing ! Their excuses are worse than ridicu-
lous. There are men in the party—Herries
and Goulburn, for instance—who are familiar
ith every part of our system of taxation, and who
know just as well at present how money may, or may not,
be raised, as they will do in February next. They are
not profound men by any means ; but we may safely say
that the intervening five months will not add a single
idea to their stock."

MONEY-TIZADE-COMMERCE.

The Leeds wool-trade has been tolerable this last week.

The recent heavy Manchester failures have made the
Huddersfield market comparatively dull. The Rochdale
flannel market has been thin, and fallen off. Halifax
trade has also been less animated.

The distressed hand-loom weavers held a meeting at
Manchester on Thursday last, when emigration to the
United States was resolved upon, and the gentry of the
town and country at large solicited for the purpose.
The Leeds Intelligencer announces the failure of a large
and long established manufacturing house at Hudders-
field. his said that certain woolstaplers in Leeds alone are
sufferers to the amount of 20,0001. The occurrence has
created a painful sensation throughout the manufacturing
districts of the West-Riding.