The Sun.
London, England, 1841-11-10 00:00:00

public—a very difficult task—beore they pre-
sume to meddle. tvitli it.

From a fuller knowledge and a clearer appre-
hension of the contrary principles of trade and
Government than we possess, or have been able
to explain, Mr. DEACON HumE, in his evidence
before the Import Duties Committee, stated that
" if we gave up our protective system, it would
be impossible for other countries to retain theirs
much longer."' He knows that if our people
are willing to buy, and foreigners willing to sell,
and Governments did not interfere, buying
and selling would infallibly take place, and' re-
' giflate themselves by the mutual advantage of
buyers and sellers. He knows that all trade
is barter, and that our merchants will carry
on no foreign trade which causes a loss to
them. If they are benefited by it, why
does the Government snatch that benefit
from them? If they are not benefited by it
stop that trade must, whatever may be the regu-
lations of Czars and Parliaments. Mr. D. HumE
knowing that trade has laws of its own,• wholly
independent of Governments, and knowing, too,
that a great number of branches of foreign trade

had thriven and benefited the empire, in spite of
the denunciations of writers and the hostility of
lawmakers, very properly stated that he disliked
all treating about trade, which is an interference
of Government, and he would leave it to be re-
gulated by its own laws. We agree with Mr.
HUME, though it is now the fashion for every
scribbler to propose laws for trade, though it ex-
tend over the whole globe, and to recommend
settling it by treaty. Such matters seem to us
to be beyond the sphere of Government, and
those who recommend our Government to imi-
tate the Governments of France, Austria, and
Russia, the last of which banishes its subjects
who will neglect to plant potatoes, must be igno-
rant how completely those Governments have,
by their interference, crushed the soul of com-
merce. These writers ought to learn the distinc-
tion between trade and government.

The Tory papers publish with much approba,

tion the principal portion of an elaborate Charge
of Archdeacon BURNEY to the Clergy of the
Archdeaconry of St. Albans. In these times of
humiliation for the Church, when she is assailed
on all hands by powerful enemies, when admis-
sions of her negligence are made by her own
pastors, when she is split into factions, when her
brightest luminaries doubt her truth, and are
ready to return into the bosom of Roman Catho-
licism, it will probably be expected that tht
Archdeacon should recommend a searching in•
vestigation into the principles of the Establish-
ment, and great humility and charity in all hip
brethren. If he had told them to pry with ear-
nestness and sincerity into their own hearts, Ist€
should have thought he had done his duty to the

Church and his brethren. Alas ! for our discern-
ment ; the Rev. Gentleman is great in favour of
Church•rates, and is elaborate about the Brain•
tree case; be is also eloquent, discursive, and
learned about tithes, hints a little blamt
to his brethren for being proverbially
lenient in exacting their rightful dues, and shows
at considei•able length that the Commutation o'
Tithes Act is unjust and a failure, because a sta-
tute was not previously made, settling the mod(
of levying rates and exonerating the clergy from
contributing as at present to the relief of the
poor. The,Tithe Commutation Act was passed
with a view to fix the rent charge, and prevent
the tithe-owners from exacting more and more
every year from those who cultivate the soil. It,
the eyes of Dr. BURNEY to put a stop to thest
exactions is wrong. The clergy ought to bt
allowed to increase in wealth, whether they ear►:
it or not. He objects to the ren,perefore, that
it is unimprovable while it is buidened with rates.
It pleases us to find that the renowned Act of
1834, which is thought to be of so much impor-
tance by the landowners, is far from giving satis-
faction to their coparceners, the priests.
The legal learning displayed by Dr. BURNEY i':

very great, but if his Charge had been on some other
topic than how to escape the public charges, and

,ow to increase the income of the priesthood,

would have worn a more Christian character.
The love of lucre, however, swells out in ever

line, and if the faith of men be known by thei
acts, as a tree is known by its fruits, Archdeaco
BURNEY is Much more a worshipper of Mammo
than a follower ofCmus-r.

In another part of The Sun will be found a
communication from Stoke-upon-Trent, which
will give the public some idea how justict
is administered in the country. A respectable man;
of some property, while removing a number ol
boards from his own barge, was taken to the po-
lice station, on a charge of felony, confined for
two nights in a horrid cell, chained by the le,
like a wild beast, and treated by the Superin-
tendent of police in a way which no degree of
crime would justify. The unfortunate man
was at last discharged without any evi-
dence being brought against him. The
Superintendent's conduct was inquired into
by the Magistrates, and the only punishment in-
flicted was suspension for one month. He should
have been sent to the tread-mill for a year.

The line of policy which the French Govern
ment is now pursuing towards Spain is most in

famous: All the Journals under the influence
of the Court are labouring with might and main
to provoke some rash act on the part of the Spa-
nish people which may serve as a pretext
for the reappearance of a French army in the
Peninsula. Nothing would delight them more
than some insult °tiered to the French Consul at
Barcelona, or an attack upon the houses of the
French residents, so as to give the. colour of a
justification to a regular war-cry. Louis PHI-
LIPPE, far from abandoning the idea of a mar-
riage between the young Queen of SPAIN and
the Duke d'AumA LE, is disposed to go all lengths
to realise this his darling project. Could he gain
over ESPARTERO there is no doubt but that he
would fling Madame MuNoz overboard; but the
REGENT cannot be brought to consent to an alli-
ance so manifestly injuriously to the honour and
interests of Spain. Hence the attempts to em-
broil the two countries in a war, which shall have
for one of its objects the overthrow of the Spanish
Government ; and if the statement of a Madrid
correspondent be correct, that Lord ABERDEEN
has addressed a note to the REGENT reprobating
the policy now pursued by France, we cannot
t tatva July applaud his Lordship's timely inter-
ferenc . ' Englarld cannot consistently, either
with h r honour or her interests, suffer France
hastily to attempt the overthrow of a Govern-
ment established by the Cortes, and chosen and
uphold by the unanimous suffrages of the Spa-
nish nation. France may play the game of nine-
pins with her own institutions if she pleases, but
she must not be allowed, to indulge in such• an
amusement at the expense of Spain.

The. French Journals of Sunday have all
reached us, but they contain no news of any
political importance. The Journal des Debats
publishes long accounts from Barcelona, evidently
designed to inflame the public against the Spanish
Government. After giving a long account of the
state of Barcelona, that Journal adds :
Besides the excitement which exists at Barcelona,
there reigns everywhere a feeling of distrust and hatred.
A member of the ayuntandento at Lerida, in a banquet
given to tte regiment of San Fernando, made use of the
most violent language, saying that they were surrounded
by traitors, that a man must be out and out a true liberal,
or be nothing. " Down with moderation," shouted this
madman ; " down with these vipers ; he that is not for
us is against us. I have said."
Other towns of Spain vie with Catalonia in violence
and anarchy. At Malaga the Entancipacion, a paper of
that town, calls .all- Spaniards to arms, to extermi-
'nate all indifferent or moderate men. " Let not one of
our enemies remain alive," says this Journal ; "'it is
thus that liberty is insured. Liberty or death."
The most considerable towns of Catalonia folloW the
example of Barcelona. Juntas are forming everywhere.
At Manresa one was instituted on the 25th, and those of
.Lerida, Gerona, and Tarragona, have sent in their adhe-
rence to all the acts of the Barcelona Junta.
The Journal des Debuts adds—" By what precedes
one may form a faint idea of the present condition of
the unfortunate inhabitants of Barcelona. All trade is
paralysed. The Ex.change is deserted. Merchants dare
not show themselves in the street. No one can leave
the town either by land or sea." •
• In addition to the above, we find in the Fri.! se the