The Sun.
London, England, 1841-06-28 00:00:00

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.

(LLOYD'S).
LONDON, Ju 26.—Wind this day at noon, S. S.W.
DEAL, JUNE 25.—Wind S.W., fresh breeze.—Arrived the
Horn, Smith, from Sunderland, for Jamaica. Sailed the St.
Andrew, for Quebec. Remains, the Stedfast, for Antigua.
RAMSGATE, JUNE 25.—Sailed the Belen Y. Louisa, for
Bilbao.

DOVER, JUNE 25.—Arrived off, the Indian, Craighead,
from the Alauritius.

LIVERPOOL. JUNE 25. —Wind E., fresh. —Arrived the Cows.
tees of Durham, from Maracaibo. Sailed the Grace Darling,
for Syra; Randolph, Batavia; Mary and Ann, Rio Janeiro,
Pakenham, Pernambuco ; Roscoe, New York ; Potomac,
Alexandria ; Plutus, Halifax ; Ganges, Quebec. Arrived off:
the Standard, front New Orleans.
PORTSMOUTH, JUNE 25.—Wind S.S.E.—Arrived the
Essex, from London, for Madras.

COWES, JUNE 25.—Arrived the General Evans, Dare,
from Lisbon ; Adelaide, London, for Philadelphia.
WEYMOUTH, JUNE 25.—Arrived the Commodore, Con-
zens, from Madeira, and sailed for St. Petersburgh.
OFF THE START, JUNIt 19.—Arrived the Invincible, Ray-
mas, from Lisbon ; Charles Corrall, New York, for Havre ;
Oscar, Ellis, Leghorn ; Eliza, Gallon, Grenada. Sailed -the
Pekin, Laing, for Calcutta.

SA LCOMBE, JUNE 25.—Arrived off, the Flora, 'Quebec,
leaky, bound to London.

PLYMOUTH, JUNE 25.—Wind S. S.E., strong gales.—Ar-
rived the Enyo, Smith, from Malta.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE RACES--(CorrcLuDzp.)

Tau ItSDAY.
The Two-year o/d Sweepstakes of 10 sovs each, the second to
save his stake. T. Y. C.
Mr. Powlett's bf by Bay Middleton, out of Miss Fanny... /
Mr. Kitching's Priscilla Tomboy
Mr. King's Cattonite . 3.
Mr. Jaques' Playfellow
Lord Kelburne's ch c by Retainer, dam by St. Patrick
Mr. DaWson's Temptation...
Won easy.
The Gold Cup of 1001. by subs of 10 sovs each. 2 miles.
Mr. Orde's Bee's Wing, aged (Cartwright) .. 1
Mr. St. Paul's b f Calypso, 4 yrs 2
Mr. Ramsay's Lanercost, 6 yrs
5 to 4 apt Lauercost-5 to 2 agst Calypso--and 3 to 1 agst
Bee's Wing.
Won by a neck, after a splendid race—the same distance sopa-
rated second and third.

The Members's Plate of 501. Heats, once round and ails.
Mr. Fairlie's Zohrab, aged (Cartwright) 1 1
Lord Eglinton's Zoroaster, 5 yrs
Mr. Hogg's Clementina, 3 yrs
The Royal Victoria Whip Stakes of 5 sm. each, with 15 lova.

added. Mile heats.
Mr. Ben's Sister to Femeley, 6 yrs (HeseMee) 1 0 1
Mr. J. (;ray's bf by Voltaire, out of Matilda, 3 yrs 3 1 2
Mr. Fairlie's The Hydra, 6 yrs
Mr. Crawford's Cantata, aged
Mr. Orde's Charley Boy, 6 yrs 0 0 dr
Mr. Cartwright's Chivalry, 4 yrs... 0 dr
Mr. Osborne's Polydorus, 6 yrs

KNIGHTON RACES.—WEDNESDAY.
The Aftes-y-Crwgie Stakes of 10 sovs. each, with 10 added;

once round, and the long length.
Mr. Gough's f Fausta
Mr. Pateshall's f by Jack Tar, d by Muley 2
Captain Davies' c by Wamba, out of Minna 3
The Borough Stakes of 5 sovs. each, with 30 addtd. ' Hernil

smlmage.
3once round and a dis.
s Anvil, 3?T;rs
Mr. Mr. virFriolslita'
MrihGeosugtohw'sarGdr,seencfiuncha,o3d yrs
The Steward's Cu and Swee sta(
dis., were won in
ts:teaork.
kOwnero:ce 32,rmid •I o.(iiirn 1
Mr. Tho BRaardrnoowrs,shicare of:
round
sous.
ay :
.D A Y .
Mr.
williames
4nytitiv:ni3cee,y round and a dis. . .
Captain Davies' Merry Lass,-rs
***************************
Mr. Saunders' Lad Carolina
teseatss, by Mr. Morris's Ahlo,erasrnisd's3sb ga'albasLy 2Po!'livioasli.ddre -
The Fainters'
eTe°wC
nrargudboo .
Stakes
ak
e s w er,o 3
wyorns b..y. ** iir1.m...0..n...c.s dig
Pollio ; the Craigdon Stakes by Mr. Geore‘triPP";
aged ********* (.
..................... 24: 3.11. drdir
b b
th
Once round, and the long lengths, and
irioarounsd,ss .6 added, &e.
scriptton Purse by Mr. Wil tams s , •
were lien in - three
heats by Mr. George's Tip-peo, 5 yrs, 9st 131 b (Jones) beat-
ing four others. Stakes of 5 so-vs. ea.cli;srvith` ' itirfil
.
The Town. Purse and a sweeps
of 3 kers. each, once
lanvtihl,ebelaotnign ,
thweresr.e won in two beats Mr. Wil..
GOODWOOD CUP, 1841.
gletnwgotho
The following wejgbis were made up to Saturday nigh.t ipr:
St. Francis, 6 yri. 9st oit,—.Lanercost, 6 In, 9st 101b—Beg...
garman, 6 yrs, 9st i9lb—Craven, aged, 9st ,lb—Corsair, 5,114.
9st 41b—Bloomsbury, 5 yrs, gat 41b—Sleight of Hand, e yrs,
9st 41b—Black Bock, 4 yr:, 9st Ilb Hyllus, 5 yrs, Bst 131 h
Charles the Twelftb, 5 yrs, Bst 131b—Zohrab, aged, Bst 121 b-
- Wonder, 4 yrs, Bst 121b—Domino, 5 yrs, Bst 11lb
Wardan 4 yTs, Bst 101b—Kingston Robin, 4 yrs, Bst
linb_ziaroon, 4 yrs, Bst 101b—Deception, 5 yrs, Sat 21b—
the Potentate, aged, Eat 21b—Doctor Caius, 4 yrs, Bst 81b—
Bulwark, 5 yrs, Bst 71b—Calypso, 4 vs, Bst 61b—Confederate,
4 yrs, list 51b—Ferryman, 5- yrs, Bst 51b—Colwick, aged,
Sat 31b —St. Andrew, 6 yrs, Bst3lb—The Ruler, 4 yrs,Bst 115--
Pathfinder, 4 yrs, Bst Ilb Caution, 4 yrs, Bst I lb—Zoroaster,
5 yrs, 7st 131b--,The Recorder, b yrs, ist 1215-... Galen, 4
ist 121b—Pocahontas, 4 yrs, ist 111b--Broadwath, 4 Yrs'
7st 101b—Vapour, 4 yrs, ist Alb—Lantara, 5
Yrs, 7st myre,
Roquencourt, 5 yrs, 7st 51b—Belgrade, 3 yrs, Tat 41b—Al b—
ra, 3 yrs, 7st 4113—Anatole, 4 yrs, 7st Ilb--Miss Stilton, oba-
7st—E. 0., 3 yrs, Est 131b—Oakstick, 6 yrs, 6st 121°b n'
3 yrs,
dredi, 6 yrs, 6st 121b—Nautilus, 6 yrs, 6st 121 b--T Yen-
-3 yrs, Est I Ilb—Mustapha Muley, 3 yrs, 6st 101 b mearaway, -
3 yrs, 6st 101b—Arundel, 3 yrs, Est 101b—Cesar -7' ustaPl4'
6st lOW—Marius, 3 yrs, Est 61b—Palmyra, 3 evritch, 3 yrh
Antilles reached Newmarket on Friday. yrs, Est 61b.

THE QUEEN'S SPEECH, AND
APPEAL TO THE COUNTRY.
The Queen's speech, as the Tories anxiously remind
us, is the speech of her Ministers. We admit it, and
had the speech been expressive of her Majesty's own
sentiments instead of the counsels of her advisers, we
believe it would have spoken more to the hearts of the
people, and would have done more to kindle enthusiasm.
Ministers, in advising their Sovereign to deliver a speech
in support of their own policy, have a cold task of State
reserves to perform, and must of necessity say much less
than the occasion fairly warrants.
If the monopolists themselves were in power, and were
drawing up a speech for the Queen, they would hardly
have the immodesty to express all they think as to com-
merce, and to declare, in the frank language of their or-
gan, the Standard, that
England would be As great and powerful, and all
useful Englishmen would be as rich as they-are, though
one ruin should ingulf all the manufacturing towus and
diztricts of Great Britain."

If the etiquette of State would have allowed the
Queen's Speech to rise to the height of the present great
occasion, it would certainly have been far more calcu-
lated to stir the spirit of the people ; but calm and for-
bearant as it is, it is the most acceptable speech ever de-
livered from the Throne of England.--Fran loser.

MORNING SUN

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS

FROM THE DAILY PAPEIPS OF SATURDAY.

CHRONICLE.—The financial statement of the City
Tories, whose blundering misrepresentations W 2 have recently
had occasion to expose, was put forth as a cover to the equally
false assertion that a Tory Government, if it came into power,
would not impose new taxes. It is perfectly clear that ! a
Tory, or any other Government, must do one of two things—
either let the deficiency accumulate, till it ends in a national
bankruptcy; or, make it good by restoring the balance between
Incofne-and expenditure. The first alternative is out of the
quisstion. Sir R. Peel himself has denounced the expedient
of resorting to loans in times of peace as discreditable and
dangerous. He stands pledged, if he come into office, to
make good the deficiency at whatever cost. Now, as the Tories
have not the good fortune to possess Aladdin's wonderful lamp,
or the secret of the philosopher's stone, there are but two
possible plans by which they can make good the deficiency.
One is by reducing expenditure, the other by adding to reve-
nue; but it is certain they cannot, and they will not reduce
expenditure.. This is evident, if we consider the following
facts:—The interest of the national debt amounts, in round
numbers, to ,000,0001. ; and the dead weight, as it is called,
or charge on the Consolidated Fund for pensions, annuities,
half-pay, andother permanent charges, secured by Act of Par-
liament, to 30;0,0001., making a total of 32.000,0001., upon
which reduction is out of the question. The other items of ex-
penditure consist—first, of the grants for the army, navy, arid
ordnance, the great branches of national defence ; secondly, of
the grant for miscellaneous services, including salaries in public
offices, and the expense of conducting the whole civil adminis-
tration of the country. Under the latter head it is notorious
that no fuither reductions can be looked for, the Li-
berals having already carried retrenchment very con-
siderably beyond the point pronounced by the Duke of
Wellington's Administration to be the ne plus ultra of economy.
The charge for salaries- in the various public departments of
the kingdom, which, in Mr. Goulburn's last budget, in 1830,
was 3,055,5121., is now under 2,800,0001. The difference be-
tween the gross and net amount of the revenue, after deducting
drawbacks, or in ether words, the cost of the Customs, Excise,
and other establislimetes, fer collecting the revenue, was
4,575,0001. in the last year of the Duke of Wellington's Ad-
ministration; it is now only 4280,000/. Upwards of 1,200
offices have been abolished by the Whigs since 1830, and re-
ductions to the, extent of 20 per cent. and upwards
effected in the salaries of the higher political offices
of State, in diplomatic allowances, and in the expenses
of colonial establishments. Here, then, there is clearly
no-hope of reduction from the accession of a swarm of Tory
offiCials, with their appetites sharpened by ten years' exclu-
sion from place. There remain only the grants for national
defence. Whether a Tory Government is likely to economise
two millions out of these may be judged of from the following
facts :—The great topic of charge against the Government by
the Tories for the last three years has been, that the naval and
military establishments of the country were reduced too low.
Until the events of last year gave the he to these charges,
by proving the sufficiency of our means, we heard of nothing
but .complaints of the inadequacy of our fleet to cope with
thOsesof France and Russia, and of the pusillanimity of Mi-
nisters, in not-proposing a very large and immediate addi-
tion to the usual votes. In 1840, Sir George Clerk
moved an addition to the navy estimates proposed by
the Government. In the debate on the army estimates
of • the present year, in March last, Sir R. Peel said,
"He for one was ready to give a cordial sanction to
the proposition now made as to the military force
of this country, in the firm conviction that the de-
mand now. made by the executive Government did not
exceed the exigencies of the case." And in the debate on the
Navy Estimates he observed that since other great Powers
were adding ' to their naval force it was absolutely necessary
that Ice should do the same. If the Tories were to come into
power to-morrow, the necessity for keeping up the naval and
military establishments of the country, instead of being dimi-
nished, would be considerably increased. It is notorious that
in-that ease the chances of rupture with the United States
would be increased, the tranquil settlement of affairs in Canada
endangered, and an addition of at least 10,000 men to the
force of Ireland rendered indispensable. It is clear, then, that
it is not by reducing expenditure that a Tory Government
can hope to make both ends meet. It remains, therefore, to add
to 'revenue. Nov, this can be done only by one of two ways,
First, by admitting foreign corn, provisions, sugar, coffee,
and timber into consumption at duties productive to the re-
venue. Secondly, by imposing new taxes. To say that they
will not do the one, is to all intents and purposes equivalent to
saying that they will do the other. The Excise, the Assessed
Taxes, the Stamps, and the Postage, are all as productive as it
is possible to make them, without adding to the present, or
imposing new, taxes. The Customs are the only branch of
the revenue which admit of being rendered more productivs
without inflicting any additional burden on the country. BO'
in order to da so it is indispensable to attack the monopoly of
the landed and colonial interest. If sugar is to be screwed up
up from sd. or 6d. a lb., to Bd. or 10d., in order to
put more money into the pockets of West India
merchants and Proprietors, it is impossible to rea-
der the revenue derived from the sugar duties more
productive. If the people are to he compelled to use rotten
American timber, its order to create employment for a few old
unseaworthy-tubs belonging to half-a-dozen opulent ship-
owners, it is impossible to increase the revenue derived from
timber. If the labouring classes arc to be condemned to eat
dear bread, beef, and bacon, to enable my Lord A. to roll in
his carriage in London, and Squire B. to preserve pheasants
and transport poaches s at his seat in the country, it is impos-
sible to restore the revenue by restoring general prosperity,
and raising trade and manufactures from toe decline into
which they have fallen. None know these facts better than
the City Tories—none know better than they that the imposi-
tion of a home-tax, and an addition to the rates of postage,
must be and will be among the very first measures of a Tory
Administration—and yet they have the effrontery to ask why
any one should suspect the Tories of an intention to put oa
new taxes.
POST.—The great cause now to be tried and decided upon
by the electors of the United Kingdom, is emphatically the
cause of the people—of the great mass of the working people.
It is to be decided whether they are to be sacrificed for the
sake of cheapness, and for the sake of recovering a revenue
which has been lost through the extravagance, the blundering,
and the weakness of the Whig-Radical Government. Eleven
years ago, when the Tories lost the Government through dis-
union and eieputes among themselves, there was a public in-
come of about fifty millions, with a public expenditure of about
forty-seven millions and a half. The Whig-Radicals have
exactly reversed the matter, and the fruit of their great talents
for Government is this, that they have a revenue of about
forty-seven millions and a half with an expenditure of about
fifty millions. This being the result of :Thierir misgovern-
ment—a result which is of itself quite kiflrcient, and more
than .sufficiint,,to justify their ignominious di nissal from
office; they now .try to recover themselves by a selfish
and heartless attack on the profits of the labouring classes.
The simple matter of fact is, that labour and land
are cheaper in foreign countries than they are here, and all
who have incomes are-obliged to give a larger portion of them
in return for labour and the produce of -the land than they
would if they were allowed to employ fiheign labourers and
foreign land. We grant the fact, but then we say, it is bet-
ter it should be so,for these people with fixed incomes are most
of them very well off, and it is better that they should pay more
then that they should take away the employment from our own
peciple, and give it to foreigners. It is better they should pay
more than that they should leave our own land to
be -overgrown with docks and thistles, while &reign land
would be covered with golden harvests by reason of
the custom and encouragement of British annuitants
and capitalists. But the Whig-Radical philosophers don't care
a straw what becomes of the labourers, so that they can effect
their purpose of staying in office. Lord John Russell knows
well enough, and has in former times warned the people under
his own hand, that the consequence of importing cheap corn
from abroad would be turn over two or three millions of
'Working people to utter beggary. But at that time he was
not in office, and had no personal or party advantage in that
Policy from which the starving of two or three millions of
people was in his opinion likely to result. At the present
time he is in office; and he and his party hope to retain office
by consenting to this experiment, which includes the frightful
atrocity of reducing millions to " utter beggary." This being
the case, he and his party have no hesitation at all about the
matter. The people may starve—starve by millions ; but he
and his party would thrive, and that is the thing for which; pa-
triots as they 'are',-they most care.
I-lERALD.--eAs usual, the excitement consequent on the
approach of a general election is increasing, in intensity, from
hour to hour. North and south, east and west—throughout
broad Britain, resounds the note of preparation. Prone as
we all are to exaggerate the importance of the present crisis,
and to attribute -to 'corning events proportions of a more gigan-
tic scale than have 'appertained to similar births in former
petiods ; there is. yet, abundant reason for all the hopes and
Sears with which the British public may anticipate the probable
result of the next two months upon their future destinies.
There is that, in short, in the aspect of public affairs at this mo-
ment which has all the elements necessary to the creation GI a
solicitude,--decided yet inexplicable, profound but undefined—
abut the probabilities of the immediate future. We know,
cert
for-some years past, there has been an active
conflict going on 'betw een principles mighty for good, and
mighty for evil ; but of their preciseinherent tendencies or
accidental direction,
with regard to the
ee
prtrzin t
Cono_
an of
em
s
our political and social 3 s
we—as
is,
tive character. With those ni Y—
thing, of aauthentic o _r-st positivO
associations we surmise rather than
detect, and their as lan
antagonist power of
g s
the impending collision of an ants
serlaigh from the secrecy of
Its
operations we cannot
natives of a
'measure the dimensions. Like
we rather feel° andion
sli,turbed. by. some volcanic action,
it were) subter-
conjecture, than see or understand, the (as
or its energy in more
mean movement which may soon devel
oder some feeling
of
palpable, destructive, and fatal forces.
this Sort—under a conviction of the approach of a certain, but
unaseertained (Linger—of the shock which all the principles
that form the bases of the Throne, of the institutions, and of
the establishments of the country, are menaced
the withcc b
n love- y the
progress and approximation of the evil genius
of
move-
ment"—the friends of order. of loyalty, of the Constitution,
of the Church, of the healthful system on which our conven-
tional codes of moral and social government are framed—re-
.l4ri the national demonstration which is at hand. That na-
tional demonstration will be supplied by the returns of the gene-
ral election.
TIMES.—Were it not for the sound reflective powers and
-sterling interit of oer countrymen, we might almost dread
that the national struggle, now forced upon us by the Whigs,
would go far to realize our worst apprehensions of revolution-
ary violence and plunder. In connexion with the ignorant
and unprincipled clamours of the Ministerial press, which, if.
they had any influence, would render our commerce the de-
fenceless prey of every foreign interloper who might choose to
invade it. we would implore the constituencies of the em-
pire, at this important crisis, to ponder well the frightful
doctrines which the Whig-Radical faction are now un-
scrupulously broaching, as necessary for their party
ends. In their pot-house harangues, and in their elec-
tioneering handbills, intimations are broadly given, that if
A* projects of the Whig Cabinet cannot be accomplished by
fair means, they must, as a last resource, defensible on grounds
of extreme necessity, be resolutely carried into effect by a
series of highway robberies. Their favourite rallying-cry at the
pre,ent moment is that of "No Monopoly 1" What extent of
meaning is attachable to this vague and vulgar rant, cannot
be-matter of uncertainty. When accurately analysed, it pre-
sents Ui with the following results :—" No agricultural pro-
teeth-In—down with landlords and farmers. No sectarian pre-
ferences—down with the Bishops and Church. No machinery
patents—down with the rights of genius. No medical Corpora.-
tions—down with exclusive diplomas. No privileged lawyers ,
;—down with accredited practitioners. No magisterial
superiority—down with Mayors and Justices. No aristocra
tic distinctions—clown with the peerage and throne." That
many of the anti-Monopolists might be disposed to shrink from
going the full length to which their cant principle would logi-
cally carry them affords no guarantee that their adoption of It,
to a limited extent, may not eventually be productive of the
most calamitous issues. Even with the very partial sanction
whieh it has d
a rea y received, the Morning Chronicle
smarmed us a few days ago, that the threats of
revolutionary
ginning to becarnage were, in some quarters, be-
an
e(nf y
specimen- heard, of which, indeed, it gave us
anti-monopoli,t,No doubt, the fierce and sanguinary
bilked by the same chose pantings for blo3d were virtuously re-
will meetwith journal which laid
ma„y Lib
al them before the public,
contemplated butcheries er
• confederates who condemn his
virtuous rebuke exhibiteit:nh even
more energy than that
dogmas now circulated by the But the wild and felonious
correspondent only a
ureco
.ip,3rty of whom the Chronicle's
us diseiple •us olve %%Wig a thy

in practice all the spoliation, anarchy, and massacre,
which, as an abstract contingency, they professedly shud-
dered to think of, or deny that it is likely to be realized.
Either the Whig-Radicals mean what they say, or they do not.
If they admit themselves to be insincere in their more violent
declarations, then, of course, no dependence can be placed on
their more measured and more moderate avowals. If, on the
other hand, their advancing demands are put forth in sober
earnest, and with an honest determination to work them out,
then the country, we say, is rapidly approaching to a dismal
and bloody revolution. There is more in their pretensions than
a mere war of principles ; they are recklessly accelerating a
war of plunder and the sword.
ADVERTISER.—EIectors of Great Britain, now is the
time to prove the mettle of your pasture, to show to the world
that you know your rights, and knowing dare maintain them.
Every scheme that a wicked ingenuity can devise will bo put
in practice to cheat you of your suffrages. The bribe, the threat,
the delusive sophistry, and the false promise will, as you may
severally appear most liable to such influence, be in turn em-
ployed to seduce you to betray the first right of citizenship, and
place your country at the mercy of a faction, whose outrages on
the rights and interests of the people never yet knew any limit
save its own incapacity. It is for you, Electors, to prove
yourselves superior to these vile and debasing agencies. He
who offers you a bribe, must believe you to be knaves ; he who
attempts to delude you by false professions and arguments
must suppose you to be fools ; and he who by a threat would
frighten you from the faithful discharge of a great public
duty, must regard you as cowards and slaves. Will you, by
succumbing to Tory machinations, allow yourselves to be
branded before your fellow-citizens with these degrading epi-
thets? Between you and the Tories there can exist no sym-
pathy. Their policy is to plunder the many for the aggran-
disement of the few ; yours should be to open to all
parties, in all respects, a fair field of industrial effort, so as to
extend to all in proportion to their merits, those advantages
which are now engrossed by the monopolists. An im-
mense responsibility rests upon you. A glorious opportu-
nity now offers for striking off the fetters in which
your rights, political and commercial, have been en-
chained. Should this opportunity escape, years may
elapse before a similar one may present itself, years in which,
should the Tories now triumph, you will have to mourn in re-
morseless bitterness over the apathy, the weakness, or tJie guilt
which permitted so great a sacrifice of your own interests. In the
present election, on one side appear Plenty, Progressive Free-
dom, and Peace ; on the other, Starvation, Slavery, and strife.
Electors, make your choice. The objects for your selection
are here presented to your judgment without exaggeration.
Can you hesitate in your decision?
'GLOBE.—Most unwarrantable use having been made
of the name of the Duke of Bedford by the Committee of
Captain nous, founded upon a letter of the most private
and familiar character, the Duke of Bedford has ad-
dressed to Captain Rout the following letter, which will
set at rest all doubt, either as to the Duke of Bedford's
politics, or as to his conduct to his tenants. That a land-
lord should not coerce his tenants to make them follow
his own political course, is to a Tory inconceivable :
" Friday Evening,.June 25.
-•

" Dear lions,—Since I saw you to-day, I have learnt
that the most unfair and unwarrantable advantages have
been taken of my letter to you and the grossest misre-
presentation founded upon it. I must again request of
you not to lose any time in stating to your Committee,
that if I take no part in the Westminster Election, it is
on the principle of not interfering with my tenants and
tradesmen, and that I am only following the course
which has been pursued by my father and myself in
other recent elections for Westminster.

" You know that my political confidence has long
been given to the present Crovernment.—Your's
(Signed) " BEDFORD.

In proportion to their diminishing hopes, the Tories
put forth increasingly confident assurances of certain
triumph. Their Journals this morning with most suspi-
cious unanimity, affirm that the results of the pending
contest will place their party in a proud majority. We
do not for a moment imagine that those who allow them-
selves to be made the channels of communication between
the parties specially interested in the results of the con-
t3sts, and the public whom they seek to delude, place any
reliance on the statements they are induced to put forth.
In some of the instances we know they possess the
means of arriving at the truth ; and would readily
publish it—if it were convenient to do so. A few days
will dissipate the delusions of those who place any con-
fidence in such prognostications. The truth will burst
upon their astonished senses with appalling certainty.
.The City of London election is, according. -to the Post,
virtually decided :—" The Election Committees of both
parties in the City of London made up their canvassing
books yesterday. We are happy to be able to state that
even the most sanguine Conservative could scarcely have
expected a more favourable result than that which the
canvassing books of the party indicate ; and we' believe
we may safely say that very great care has been taken to
put down no votes as certain, but those which have been
actually and positively promised." The Times, with its
usual slap-dash daring, exclaims—" The main interest,
however, will undoubtedly centre in London. Should
Lord John Russell be rejected by the metropolis, as we
confidently expect he will, and 1.,0rd Morpeth by York-
shire, a defeat which is also said to be nearly inevitable,
with what face will the Whigs present themselves to the
new House of Commons ?" To which may fairly be re-
plied, should Lord J. Russell be elected by the metropolis,
and Lord Morpeth byYorkshire,what becomes of the Times'
reputation for foresight, or common acquaintance with
notorious facts ; and with what face will the monopolists
present themselves in the new House of Commons ? The
Herald adds its testimony to the common stock. The
obscurity of the phraseology is, we presume, designed to
give weight to the authority on which the revelation is
made :—" If, in the matter of elections, it were safe for
any reasonable man to trust, after planting one foot on
the ground, to the usual succession of the other, we should
hear the footfall of victory to the Conservatives re-echoedfront
the Guildhall y• London to the Chamber of Commerce at
Glasgow." If the Ly-all Committee have really authorised
the statements we • have quoted, it is in perfect keeping
with the lying contents of the placards they have put forth
for the purpose of calumniating Lord John Russell,
against whom the puny artillery of their groundless
hate is principally directed. His great talents, conse-
crated from an early period of his life to the cause of
civil and religious liberty, which he defended and ad-
vanced when its enemies were numerous, powerful, and
determined—the wise and Liberal policy of the Admi-
nistration of which he is a principal member, which
has invariably sought, and still seeks, in the face of a
powerful combination of monopolies, to relieve the dis-
tresses of the people, by releasing trade and commerce
from the restrictions which prevent its successful exten-
sion—these public claims, joined with the acknowledged
purity of his personal character, have justly rendered
him extensively valued and beloved. His Lordship is
the candidate who is more especially identified with the
measures which propose to extend the commerce of the
country, and thus to supply employment to the unem-
ployed ands suffering thousands of our manufacturing
population.
STANDARD.—As there are some persons whose fa-
culty of vision extends but a very little way before them,
though extremely accurate within its limited range, so
there are others with very exact powers of observation,
but wholly incapable of reasoning upon what they ob-
serve. The first may be confidently trusted to describe
the ground under their feet, but would be the worst
guides in the world to tell the direction of the road ; and
the second, no less competent to testify to the truth of
premises, are as little to be trusted in whatever concerns
a conclusion. The Earl of litulnor is one of the intellec-
tually near-sighted persons of whom we speak. His
.Lordship has caused to be printed in the Wilts I ndpen-
dent a letter, from which we make the following ex tracts :
" If by protection is meant exclusion of wheat of foreign
growth, it is clear that that sort of protection is not af-
forded by the present law. By Parliamentary Paper (House
of Lords, 1841, No. 164), it appears that in the last ten
years there have been entered for home consumption
a far greater quantity of wheat than in any former
period of the same length, the annual average for
tan years ending 1820 being 422,076 quarters ; for
ten years ending 1830, 534,762 quarters ; and for the
last ten years, 908,118 quarters. Indeed, in this respect
the protection afforded by the present law is less than
that afforded by the Act of 1815, for by Parliamentary
ti
render
a t
ecl corn
r
Paper (House of Lords, 1841, No. 151) it appears that
the annual average quantity of wheat entered for home
consumption from 1815 to 1828 (both inclusive) was
389,442 quarters, whereas the annual average of the 12
years from 1829 to 1840 (both inclusive), during-which tbe
,
present law has been in operation, has been 1,025,250 quar-
ters. "If by protection is meant high price, in this respect
also the present Act is less efficacious than that of 1815, in-
asmuch as the average price for the whole of the first
period was 645. ld., and for the latter, 58s. 4d. This is
extremely valuable information, and fully verifies
the
prediction of Lord Brougham, that the ef-
fect_m of the Corn-laws must be to render corn
ultimately cheaper, and by a necessary logical
consequence that the repeal of those laws would
ultimately dearer. Know this, you clamour-
ers for cheap bread. Lord Radnor, however, goes too
fast when ne assumes, upon the fact cited, that the Corn-
laws do not op
the judgment of landowners mighttirm
very reverse isetireef as
a protection to agriculture. • The
4sVaend
pronounce veryfarmers,
the question to
who will, we ex-
pect,elections ; but it is not distinctlyu upon it at the approaching
a vast
to wait so long. The
bare fact that, with t nifcrFase of the population
since 1820, an increase,
and Wales alone, the sayavergagooe six. millions in England
millrea.se of importation
for eaclr milliont of increase
quarters,into the wohro Unitedeo,oosa
quartersli in
been but 600,000
in England and Wales—this single fact demonstrates
has prospered
that agriculture has been protected, and
gloriously under the protection.

MONEY MA.
and CITy NEWS.
FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF SATURDAY
POST.—The influential house of Coutts and Co have,
are glad to find, sent round circulars to those of t'hePejrtwen
guese bondholders fur whom they are acting as bankers, stating
that
that they do not feel themselves warranted, as the Portuguese
agency cannot show an amount of
.Portuguese stock tendered
for conversion of more than one-third of the aggregate, ard
in the absence of more direct information upon the subject,
etin
'ilg;
sending in the bonds of their friends for the purpose of.g
them exchanged on or before July 1, without positive instruc-
tions to do so
The alarmed and wavering bondholders will no doubt be in-
terested in seeing the course taken by so eminent a firm. The
conversion of one-third applies, it is to be observed, almost
exclusively to the lower priced, or Three per Cent. stock, and
this has been tendered principally by foreigners, who bought
up at cheap rates. Net one-tenth part of the Five per Cents.
has been converted.
Letters from Germany again allude to the Danube and Maine
Canal speculation. At Frankfort there was decidedly more
confidence in the payment by the Bavarian Goverament of
the dividends as heretofore. The Stock of the State was above
par, so that the fullest faith was placed in the good intentions
of the Minister, and the desire to do strict justice towards its
creditqrs. The people of Frankfort accordingly refrained from
parting with their shares at a sacrifice.
HERALD.—From a Ministerial paper having reported that
more moneys had been received from Madrid (as pretended),
and more still expected, for the liquidation of the long-.deferred
claims of the British auxiliary legion, reports have arisen that
the moneys in question, far from having been. remitted from
Spain, have been raised here by some surreptitious operation
of depo!its of new stock, or of Treasury Bonds of an old
stock on hand, in the hands of some capitalist or other against
usurious advances of the sums required. The stock deposited
only to be brought to market in case of non-repayment of ad-
vances within a specified period. Another report is that ad-

R KE

vances have been made against some security of another Lind,
the Spanish Government agreeing to receive one-half the ad-
vances in cash, and the other in Spanish Bonds afpar, but re-
paying the whole in hard dollars.
C HRONICL E.—The resolutions adopted by the Committee
of Portuguse bondholders, at their meeting on the 23d instant,
call for justice to the thousands of sufferers " deprived of a
capital amounting to upwards of one hundred millions ster-
ling." We must undeceive the public upon this poiat.
The amount of the capital of loans due by the non-paying
States of South America, and including Mexico and Chili, may
be estimated in round numbers—
At about..

X 17,200,000

The Foreigu debt of Portugal at about
Spain, Active debt .. A:33,3'22,000
The Pas)ive
The Deferred •••-

59,233,000

£8:4,233,000
88,000,0001., instead of one hundred millions, as stated by the
committee of Portuguese bondholders. But it is to be kept in,
view that the average rate at which the South American leans
were issued, was about 82 per cent., or 18 per cent. below par,
so that the amount actually advanced to represent the capital of
17,200,0001.
May be computed at ... .. £14,104,000
Portuguese Bonds were issued at various dates, and
various ps ices and rates of interest, but. on an
average, they may be computed to have been
issued at 70, so that instead of 11,800,0001., the
amount advanced may be stated at
What sum actually may have found its way into
the Spanish Treasury, in exchange for the
59,233,0001. of Active, Passive, and Deferred
Stock above specified, we cannot state with ac-
curacy, but if we take 50 per cent. as ►he
average, and allow one-half, we cannot be

very far wrong; hence we hare

In all
But even this restricted amount we have reason to think is a
much larger sum than was ever paid by the people of this
country in the capital advanced for foreign loans to the non-
pa'ing States; for our intelligent Correspondent whe furnished
us with the valuable statistical tables of the foreign debt of
Spain, which we have adopted as the 'basis of our preceding
remarks regarding the debt of that country, shows distinctly
that the total amount of the capital of the foreign debt of
Spain, before the conversion of 1b34, amounted, in dollars, to
157,244,210, whereof only about 100,893,312 dollars were
borrowed in this market ; equal, at 4s. 3d. per dollar, to
21,439,8311., which, at 60 per cent., amounts only to
12,863,934/.

But it is erroneous to state the sums resulting from a fair
average computation of the various rates at which the loans
were taken, as having been actually paid to the treasuries of
Spanish America, to Portugal, or to Spain. The contractors
debited themselves with the corresponding amounts, but then
they had credit for the commission, and other profits from the
proceeds. Besides all which, they paid a very large pro-
poqion in various descriptions of munitions of war, warlike
stores, and ships, and we need not add that they turned this
traffic to excellent account. In the case of those unfortunate
irritations of Governments whicksprung out of the revolutions
tf the Spanish American colonies, large sums were credited in,
.his form. It is but right that these facts should be stated, not
ri defence for non-payment of the debt due, or in bar of the
fulfilment of the contracts of loan, but in order to disabuse
the public mind from exaggerated statements, so that no greater
amount of misconduct may be charred against the debtor States
than can be maintained on equitable principles.
TIMES.—Among the papers received by the last arrival
from New York is one from Vicksburg, which takes a view of
the feeling of several States as to the moral obligation of pay-
ing dividends on their bonds, and thus forms a portion of a
line of argument which has been well worth watching for some
months past. The journal itself praises its own State (Missis-
sippi) for taking a bold ground against the march of a " de-
grading bondage," this strong expression meaning no more
than a resort to taxation for the sake of fulfilling State obliga-
tions. Taking a view of the state of things in Mississippi,
it is observed that in 1837 a law was passed pledging the
State credit for 15,000,000 dollars, while to protect the
people from taxation the citizens of the State were required
to take the stock on mortgages of real estate to the full amount.
This law was, it seems, in accordance with the constitution of
Mississippi, submitted to the people at the next election, and
representatives were returned in favour of it, but the complaint
is, that the representatives when they met completely altered
the character of the measure, as far as concerned the secu-
rity of the people against taxation. Under these cir-
cumstances, say the democrats of Mississippi, were the
bonds thrown into the market, and, it is added, that
they were sold even in violation of the terms of the
Bill as modified. This history is used as an argumen
against taxation. An Illinois meeting is also referred to (pro-
bably the one noticed some weeks ago), in which the people
declared that " excessive taxation is the indelible badge of
servitude, and the people who submit to it are already slaves,'
the words having clearly a reference to taxation for payment
of interest on the Bonds. Of the Stye of Michigan, it is ob-
served, that it has sold its Bondi to the Morris Canal Company,
guaranteed by the " United States Bank," and that now
both the Banks are broken, and unable to pay a dollar
of their liabilities. These bonds must be sacrificed, in con-
sequence of the defalcation, and any taxation to pay the divi-
dends of their seeuriiies is regarded with the strongest indig-
nation. The tone assumed in this discussion is very singular.
The argument is by no means carried on in a strain of apo-
logy, but the bondholders themselves are attacked ender the
coined name of " fund-mongers," and the doctrine held forth
that it would be an act of honour and patriotism, nay, of duly.
for the States to repudiate their bonds. Surely, language Ake
this may be taken as a sign of the times.

DEAR BEEF IN FRANCE.
(From Gulignani's Messenger.)
The Debuts has an article on the scarcity of butcher's
meat in this country, which places some points of the
subject in a new light, and which is particularly of inte-
rest at a moment when there is a demand for the com-
paratively free introduction of another necessary of life
into a neighbouring country. The Debate says :
" It is absolutely essential that the Legislature of 1842
should, at the very commencement of the session, take
up a question which cannot perhaps be postponed
without danger. Many things may be put off, but
hunger admits of no postponement, and we must of
necessity listen to its claims. This fact admitted,
we must, however, observe that the question of the du-
ties on foreign cattle, important as it may be, is not the
essential point to be considered in affinr. We will re.,
fer to a period when the duties were almost nominal—the
year 1820, for instance, at which time each head of
cattle paid only 3f. to 4f., and show how many oxen, &c.,
then entered France. The number of oxen and bulls
was 15,000, and. that of cows and calves, 28,000—total
43,000. And now, with the much larger duties of 50,
25, and 15 f., which, by the Way, have failed in pro-
ducing the object for which they were imposed. viz. the
protection of the breader in France, and the develop-
ment of the bovine race, what is the number im-
ported ? Oxen and bulls, 10,000, and cows and calves,
25,000 to 28,000, say total 35,000, which is 8,000 less
than under the old tariff. If we were to reduce
the present duty of 50f. to 20f., or even 10f.—if we
we were even to go back to the low duty of 1820, would
this suffice to bring into the market from abroad such
an increase as would be of importance compared with
the annual consumption of France, which amounts to
3,400,000 head of cattle, without reckoning six or seven
millions of sheep ? Such is the annual consumption in
this country ; we will not speak of the 34 millions of po-
pulation, for, alas ! of this number there is a full third
who know not what it is to eat butcher's meat, and who,
among other civic rights to which our political Reformers
pay little attention, are deprived of one of the most es-
sential, viz., that of recruiting physical strength by sub-
stantial and generous food. In order to show how far
the duty on foreign cattle produces this state of things,
for which a remedy must be found, it is only necessary
to state that the duty on foreign cattle imported into
France, under whatever tariff, has never exceeded 1 to 11
per cent.
The Debuts does not, when alluding to the falling off
in the augmentation of duties, take into account the in-
crease in the population of France, which would make
the 8,000 equal, perhaps, to 15,000 or 16,000. The par-
celling out of lands in France is prejudicial to the breed-
ing of cattle on a large scale, small farmers having neither
the amount of capital nor the extent of laud which are
requisite for this essential branch of agriculture. The
want of water in the south of France is mentioned by
the Debuts as one of the great obstacles to the breeding,
of cattle, and to remove this it recommends the forma-
tion of canals of irrigation, and mentions, as an instance
of what may be efflicted, that the Agricultural Company
of Arcachon has succeeded in converting nearly 30,000
acres of unproductive land into .ich fields of pasture.
To convey from different sources abundance of
water to dry lands, and 'to drain those which are
marshy, are measures Which are within the means of
the nation ; but for which capital is necessary, and
hitherto there has been but little enterprise in the way.
We remember that one of the favourite projects of M.
Casimir Perier was to fertilize the waste lands of Bri-
tany, but that he was unable to form a Company for that
purpose, although he offered to devote a large portion of
his own fortune to the scheme, and invited the co-opera-
tion of foreign capitalists. The Debuts concludes as
follows:

---;‘To reduce the price of butchers' meat would be ad-
vantageous to agriculturists, to breeders, and to the
owners of the soil, for if the latter have remained safe in
the midst of our political movements, they must not
forget that their interest is to conciliate the affection of
the mass. Cheap meat, like cheap bread, is one of the
most precious elements of national strength, of the con-
tentment of the people, and of public security. It is a
better guarantee to thu owners of the soil for the pro-
tection of their property, than all the protecting tariffs
that could be made."

A WOMAN BURIED ALIVE.—On Tuesday
last a young woman, a servant •in a highly respectable
family, was seized by an apopletic fit, and, as was sup-
posed, died. On being, a few hours after, carried to the
Greek Church for interment, she was observed to be
warm, and on a medical man being sent for, was pro-
nounced to be yet living. She is now, according to some
reports, doing well, others say she is since dead. This
is by no means, during a few years residence in Smyrna,
the first time that we have heard of a similar accident
having happened. how indeed can it be otherwise, when
corpses, of Greeks especially, are hurried to interment
in less than twelve hours after death is supposed to take
place ? Somo strong measures should be adopted to
prevent so horrible a circumstance from ever occurring,
by 'not allowing a body to be carried out till at least
24 hours have elapsed after death.—Smyrna Observer
of May 21.
I{AILWAYS.—The following are the amounts
of the receipts of the principal railways in operation for the
Past week, up to the date to which the respective returns are
made :—London and Blackwall, 950/. ; Hull and Selby, 750/. ;
North Midland, 4,380/. ; Midland Countiei, 0,844/. ; Birming.
ham and Gloucester, 1,639/. ; Birmingham and Derby, I,IBSL ;
London and South-Western, 6,8951.; Great Western, 12,400/. ;
London
and Greenwich, 935/. ; Northern and Eastern. 7891. ;
London
and Birmingham, 19,555/. ; Manchester and Binning-
:lard: .7.1,3213051.; Eastern Counties, 867/. ; Great North of Eng"
; and Croydon, 688/.
THE PRESENT ELEcTlorls.—ln zunning one's
eye along the list of candidates at the present elections,
one cannot fail being struck with the important fact that
among the Liberal candidates are to be found nearly all
the historical names consecrated in English history, such
as the Russells, llowards Cdvendishes, and, with one ex-
ception, the Stanleys,