The Sun.
London, England, 1841-03-13 00:00:00

Tu t4l SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH 13,1841

nance places all the surplus at the disposal of
the legislative authority of Canada.
We are no friends to ecclesiastical corpora-
tions of any kind; we should be glad to see
the people of Canada so enlightened as to re-
quire the dissolution of San Sulpice, and of
every other ecclesiastical corporation ; but as
long as they regard it with reverence, it is
monstrous for a Bishop, a member of an-
other ecclesiastical corporation, to propose
that so equitable an arrangement as this
should be set aside, in order that the pro-
perty may be taken away from Catholics
and appropriated to Protestants. The House of
Lords must shrink, we presume, from contaminat-
ing itself by the commission of such an act of in-
justice; but if it consent to the motion of the
Bishop of EXETER, the public, particularly the
Catholics, in every part of the empire, will not
shrink from branding it as a most unjust and un-
worthy legislative assembly.

Sir ROBERT PEEL'S speech on Thursday even-
ing. must have given great satisfaction to the en-
lightened friends of popular instruction. It is
now, we believe, upwards of seventeen years
since the London Mechanics' Institution was esta-
blished, and since that time the benevolent and
zealous men who promoted it have seen similar
institutions called into existence in every part 01
the country. At present there is scarcely a third-
rate town of the empire without one, and in the
metropolis there are several similar institutions
of which it was the parent. Thursday was, how-
ever, we believe, the first time that the existence
of such institutions was formally acknOwledged
in Parliament, and certainly the first time they
were thought worthy of a proximate Premier's
approbation.
We remember that in their origin Mechanics'
Institutions were opposed by the Clergy, and a
high dignitary of the Church attacked the found-
ers of them for giving instruction in science, in-
dependent of religion. They were obliged to
defend themselves; but the leader of the Tories,
in his place in Parliament, has now avowed and
defended their doctrines. Not only at Tam-
worth, but in the House of Commons, Sir Ro-
BERT PEEL has declared that knowledge makes
men better citizens and more religious men ;
that it promotes Christianity as well as morality.
To Dr. BIRKBECK, who, at the commencement
of his benevolent labours, was exposed to much
obloquy from the friends of priestcraft ; to Sir
BENJAMIN HEYWOOD, who followed in Dr.
BIRKBECK'S track ; and to the many other able
and philanthropic men, who have established or
supported Mechanics' Institutions, Schools of
Arts, and Literary Societies, throughout the em.
pire, the present testimony of Sir ROBERT PEEL
in favour of their labours is a consolation and
reward. But though they may be delighted
with having so illustrious a convert, and
though we record his sentiments with much
satisfaction, as a striking proof of the general
progress, still we cannot admit that the tardy
conversion of the Right lion. Baronet is an
honour to himself, or is the slightest indication
that the Tories, as a party, are not still far in
the rear of society. Sir ROBERT PEEL has only
reached that point in 1841, on which Lord
BROUGHAM was firmly seated, and from which
he has never descended, in 1820.

Sir ROBERT PEEL, however, is far in advance
of his friends. His heavy tail, including the
rabble of the priesthood throughout the land,
keeps him down. In the House he finds no sup-
port from his party, and out of the House he is
bitterly attacked. His speech on Thursday, which
will find an echo in every enlightened mind out
of Parliament, and which was loudly applauded
by the Whigs and Liberals, did not elicit a single
cheer from the Tories. His Noble Friend,
Lord STANLEY, and his Right Hon. Friend, Sir
JAMES GRAHAM, looked at him with amazement
and vexation, as it the letters of " CATROLICUS
in the Times, were their joint production. The
band of Tory claquers, which usually bray forth
their vociferous applause at almost every sen-
tence uttered by the Right Hon. Baronet, were
quite dumb, as if Mr. dLADSTONE, who must
haNe thought that Sir ROBERT was speaking
treason against the Church, rather than Mr.
HOLMES, were their fugleman. The great and
mighty Thunderer frowns on him, and permits
his clerical subs to usurp his thunder, and hurl
their bolts at Sir ROBERT from the foot of
his throne. Far, therefore, as he is in the rear
of society, he is prodigiously in advance of his
tail; and as parties, like fishes, are guided and
impelled by their tails, he would be unable, were
he in office, to act on the sentiments which only
the Liberals in the House admired.

It must have been satisfactory also to them to
have Sir R. PEEL'S approbation tacitly given to
their efforts to extend education, to promote the
success of literary institutions to which they
have contributed, and to provide places of re-
creation for the inhabitants of towns, the plan of
a Liberal (Mr. SLANEY), tmd which a Liberal
(Mr. STRUTT) has been the first to carry into ef-
fect. To all but the priests, who assert that
knowlege is valueless, even for this life, and
that on Faith alone must men rely, and to
all but his own friends and followers, whose
strength as a political party depends on pre-
serving the people in ignorance and the power
of the priesthood intact, Sir R. PEEL'S speech
has given unalloyed pleasure.

We published in our Evening Edition yester-
day, exclusively, an elaborate and valuable Re-
port of the Chamber of Commerce of Manches-
ter, by which that body has added much to the
many useful services it had previously rendered
the public. It contains, in a condensed form, a
vast mass of information relative to our import
duties, and we can do nothing better than re-
commend it to the perusal of the public.

We stated yesterday, in answer to a remark
in the columns of the Quot ;dienne of Wednesday,
that injustice was done to Lord PALMERSTON in
attributing to him any sanction of the article in
the firman of the Porte, which claimed for the
SULTAN the right of nominating to the Paellalie
of Egypt any of 11.1EuEmETA as children, who was
willing to pay the highest price for the suffrages
of the eunuchs of the Imperial Seraglio. It is
with pleasure we repeat that statement, to the
truth of which the Noble Lord himself bore
testimony last night in the House of Commons.
In answer to questions put to him by Lord F.
EGERTON, Sir ROBERT PEEL, and Mr. EWART,
the Noble Foreign Secretary assured the House
that he knew nothing of the firman before
the date of its appearance in the English
Journals, when a copy of it was sent to him by
the Turkish Ambassador—that it was the sole act
of the SULTAN himself without the interposition
of his Allies—and, what was still more to the
purpose, the Noble Lord distinctly avowed that
in guaranteeing to MEHEMET ALI the hereditary
Pachalic of Egypt, the Four Powers understood
the investiture to be a bona fide transaction.
Now although the Noble Lord declined, during
the pending of the negotiations, to say what the
Four Powers thought of the finnan, or what they
would do in the event of an appeal to them by
the VICEROY, it is quite clear that he is of
opinion that the SULTAN was not only wanting in
courtesy to his Allies, but that lie has tried to
steal a march upon them. Common courtesy
ibuTpt: uintbrtrei
them,
ithatterms
s,tll,
oioetily.l
de
osiliiilaoeNlu, leave been consulted
tuding
erminated
solution of the Ottoman dynasty. Tiesdlii3euilitAeltiliveeislideilsll
re-
stored to the SULTAN his fleet, they compelled
the VICEROY to evacuate Syria, and now that
MEHEMET ALI is no longer formidable, the Divan
assumes the state and pretensions of an absolute,
irresponsible, and self-subsisting Government. This
will not do. TheFourPowers will not be thus coolly
and insolently stripped of everything bearing the
semblance of a recognition of their services.
In reducing
Et
if: E thEeT
sALIa tosafety
of
c
degreea
°f
Ottomanpower
compatibleit
t
never the intention of the Four
place his deep-thinking head, and the
Powers
throne,tiN);a
very. attempt, therefore,
on the part of the Divan
heads of his family, at the disposal of the
Padischah.
The er
to entrap him into a
submission, which would enable it to decide at
any time upon
his utter extermination, is dis-
courteous and unfair towards
the Four Powers,
We are really purprised to find the Morning
Chronicle, which occasion 4
• or lay§ some claim
and dishonest towards the VICEROY.

to a participation in the crumbs of confidential
intelligence which fall from the Ministerial
tables in Downing-street, gravely attempting to
defend the claim of the SULTAN to nominate
whom he pleases of the VicEnov's descen-
dants to the Pachalic. As a set-off against
the constant temptation to rebellion, civil war,
parricide, and fratricide, the Chronicle is
satisfied with a provision being made to
r obviate the almost impossible difficulty of a
minority ! Yes, the grand evil which the
Chronicle would be prepared for is a minority
a minority in which some person besides the heir
must be entrusted with the Provisional Govern-
ment. But supposing the possibility of such an,
occurrence in the fast, where the law sanctions
the adoption of offspring of any age, cannot a
remedy be provided without permanently inter-
fering perilling the existence
of the withe laicPAen. 4. and
leis family Cannot the
simple case of a minority be stated as the only
one which shall justify the SULTAN in interfering
with the regular order of succession? The fol-
lowing remarks are still more obnoxious to cen-
sure :

" It is said," observes the Chronicle, with an air of peculiar
gravity, " that the conditions of the hatii schtriff are a vio-
lation of the conditions sanctioned by England, upon which
the Pacha made his submission to the Porte. In what doe;
this violation consist? The restriction proposed to be placed
on the ' hereditary' grant. Do those who urge this com-
plaint fcrget that in Admiral Stopford's Convention no mention
whatever was made of the ' hereditary' succession ? "

This is the low, quibbling equivocation of an
Old Bailey attorney. Why, in the Chronicle 6f
the 2d of February, it is distinctly stated that
the SULTAN had officially granted to MEHEMET
Au the hereditary Government of Egypt—
a grant of which England guaranteed the
performance, and upon the strength of which
guarantee MEHEMET ALI, at once restored the
fleet, and withdrew his troops from Syria. In
Admiral STOPFORD'S letter tO MEHEMET ALI.
dated the 6th of December, off Cyprus, and en-
closing the conditions Upon which the Foul
Powers engaged to obtain for the Viceroy from
the Porte the revocation of the decheance' and
his " re-establishment in the Pachaiic," the
word " hereditary" does not indeed occur ; btu
will tile Chronicle presume to tell us that tin
omission was other than an opportunity held out
to the Porte to conciliate the Viceroy by being
more beneficent than Allies ? or will the
Chronicle dare to deny that Lord PALMER-
STON'S influence was not powerfully ex-
erted to compel the Porte to insert the
word "hereditary" in the Treaty which the SUL-
TAN addressed to the VICEROY ? England, then,
has guaranteed to. MEHEMET ALI the hereditary
Government of Egypt, nor do we believe tha:
any Government would dare to permit the PorL
to fritter away a solemn engagement which binds
the honour of this country.
By granting to MEHEMET ALI the bona fid:
hereditary Government" of Egypt, in the sons:
understood by Europe and the Four Power-.
the SULTAN restricted his own authority ove.
that kingdom to the exaction of a certain amoun.
of tribute annually. The claims which he nov,
puts forth respecting a right to nominate Paella:-
according to his caprice, to fix the naval and mi
litary strength of the Paeltalic, and to appoint all
officers above the rank of Lieutenant, are ini
quitous and absurd. The Divan at Constanti-
nople has no longer any right to control the en
lightened policy of the more vigorous Govern-
ment at Alexandria.

But while we acquit Lord PALMERSTON not
only of all participation in the attempted htuni-
liation of the VICEROY, but of the remotest
ten tion of sanctioning such a proceeding, we re-
gret that no inquiry which we have been able tt
institute would justify any mitigation of tin
severe censure which we passed upon the pro-
ceedings of Lord PoNsoNur. That noted diplo-
matist is still said to leave no stone unturnee
to effect the downfal of the VICEROY,
against whom he is reported to enter-
tain a grudge which has outlived all vicis-
situdes in his Lordship's public career. It
there be but half the truth in these reports
that the public suppose them to embody, is
is the duty of the Government to lose no fink
in recalling him from a post where be is only
capable of being mischievous. In fact his Lord-
ship's recal ought to have been shnultaneou,
with the recal by the French' Government o;
his quarrelsome colleague in diplomiicy, Ad-
miral Roussm. •

Our Madrid Papers are of the 4th inst. At ;
Council of Regency In1:1 on the 3d, the Miuiste
of Finance set forth the sad state of the Public
Treasury, and stated that no loan could be raist
before the conclusion of a commercial treaty witl
England. M. MENDIZABAL supported this view
but the Council rose without coming to any reso
intim. The Fives were at 281 at 60 days.

There was a report in the City this mornin,
that a Treaty had been concluded by the Great
Powers for maintaining the integrity of the
Ottoman Empire, signed by the Representatives
of England, Austria, Russia, Prussia, and
FRANCE! Good news, if true.

The state of our relations with the United
States and the rejection of the Imperial firmaL
by MEHEMET Au, occupy almost exclusively the
French journals of Thursday. WWI respett
the American question there is nothing new in
the Paris journals. We have only room for a
summary of the opinions of the journals rtspcct-
ing the events in the East, followed by a few
paragraphs of news :
The Constitutionnel deduces from the firman of the Sultan,
and the reported rejection of certain clauses by the Pacha of
Egypt, the necessity for the maintenance of the French arma-
ments and for the system of isolation, which is the favourite
theme of the Thiel s party, is order that France may be able
to exercise a proper degree of influence in the still unsettled
affair of the East. According to this Jourral, Lord Ponsonby,
on the one hand, has been urging at Constantinople the adop-
tion of harsh measures against Mehemet Ali, whom he detests,
and Commodore Napier, who admit es him, has stimulated him to
reject the conditions of the Porte, which are really not only with-
out magnanimity, but are so framed as to leave it open to the
reigning or any future Sultan to revoke even the present
l.mited concession, the faculty of dictating new conditions at
a future period, which could not be accepted, being reserved,
and the revocation of the entire grant being conditional,
not merely upon the execution of the orders now imposed,
but also upon those which may be hereafter issued. The
Constitutionnel says the English Government is quite aware of
the course pursued by Lord Ponsonby and Commodore Narier,
and is availing itself of it so as to leave to Mehemet Ali no
other resource than that of throwing himself into the arms of
England. The National takes precisely the same view
of the position created for Mehemet Ali by the Sultan,
and of what it calls the double game of England, as the
Constitutionnel, adding to what that journal says of Lord
Ponsonby and Commodore Napier, it says that Hue-ia has
surrounded Mehemet Ali with agents who secretly
counsel him to display firmness and independence.
The Commerce has a . long and rather violent article, in
which it repeats all the arguments which it has brought for-
ward so repeatedly on the Eastern question. The Debate
says it is not surprised at the news of the non-accept-
ance of the firman of the Porte ; for, with the condi-
tions imposed by the Porte, the hereditary Government
offered to the Pacha is a derision, and the au'hori:y
left to him is a mere juggle. The Presse observes
that France has nothing to do with the dispute between the
Sultan and Mehemet Ali, as to the. degree of authority which
the latter should possess, or with the form of government to be
prescribed for Egypt. The only question, adds the Presse,
with which the French have to do, is the integrity of the Otto-
man Empire. So long as the Powers make no a!tempt upon
this, to their own profit, the French Government must remain
aloof.
A Morning Journal publishes the following fact:—
Lieutenant-General Darriule has just signified to the
troops of all arms composing the garrison of Paris, that on in-
formation received by the authorities that journals are intro-
duced into the barracks and guard-houses, he invited the a'-
tentien of the officers to this serious infraction of discipline
and the spirit of the army.
s essly forbidden
expr
‘e In consequence :every officer on duty
to suffer a single journal to be introduced into the iguard-
houses, and in order to prevent the soldiers and thernselvt s
from being shaken in their fidelity and their sentiments by the
ideas of disorder and the anarchical maxims which the enemies
of the Government employ, the commanders of posts will be
made personally responsible for the smallest fault which shall be
imputed to them in this respect."
It seems, that while looking forward to the completion of
the citadels, it is intended to isolate
the nation. The pod senze of the publie, then fore, does not
err in saying that we are proceeding towards a military
the army in the midst of
despotism.
How shall he reconcile this order with the law which
says that Louis Philippe derives his right from the will of the
nation.—La Gazette de France, March 11.
The Duke of Aumale, as we have stated, sets out for
Toulon to-day. The Prince, who has lately been appointed
L!eutenant-Colonel of the 24th It
in garrison at Algiers, has received- orders to join his regi-
ment. He invent of the Line, now
Ygsterday and the day before, the Duke of Aumale at-
tended at "two 'entertainments by professors under whom
he studied, and his fellow-students of the College of Henry
IV., of whom he took leave.
The Duke of Nemours is to set out for Africa at the latter
end of the month.—Le Constitutionnel.
BOURSE.—PARIS, Tilt/OAT, MARCH 11.
0
First Highest Lowest
fait
Price Price. Price. Price
French 5 per Cents llO 130 ... 110 to ... 110 65 ... 110 80
gel 75 101 75 ... 101 75
4% per Cents lOl '75
4 per Cents ' 98 ... 98 08
3 per Cents 76 7076 70 76 50 ... 76 65
ink of France .... 321? 50 ,-...3212 50 ...32C0 ...3 to
'Anita Bank I.ooof. Sh.
0090 f. Stares 510; ...5162 ...5160 ...5160

3,:lgian Bank
5 per Cents."' lOl ... 101 ... 101 ... 101
3 ter Cents 69 50 ... 69 59 ... 09 50 ... t 9 50
New Loan ......
Pass re 6 ... 6 ... 6 ... 6
Neapolitan lO2 10 ... 102 10 ... Yl2 ... iOl
R0man..........

E AILW Alf SHARES.
St (:errnaln
Ve:sadles,H. B 4OO ... 400 ... 392 50 ... 3)5
L.B. 31)7.50 ... 307 50 ... 306 25 ~. 341 c-'5
Orleans .. 487 50 ... 487 50 ... 485 ... 485
St►nFburg to Bale 2lO ... 240 ...:40 ... 240
Rouen 455 ... 455 ... 455 .. 465

CHANCERY COURT-(THIS DAY.)

The Loan CHANCELLOR sat in Lincoln's Inn Hall, for the
purpose of hearing appeals and causes. His Lordship, after
dispositig of several lunatic petitions, proceeded to hear the
further arguments in the part heard cause of