The Sun.
London, England, 1847-12-06 00:00:00

STATE OF TAADE

FOREIGN WOOL TRADE,—LEEDS, DEc, 3.—The
transactions in fcreign woV;:tt this week have been
again very limittd, busineA being u-Sual!y
dull at
this season of the year, evert frillart-s-4Laamparative
prosperity. L..-4,4i..ctc.4
t 'rt'_
ENGLISH WOWOOLMA
. EKET.—I ,EEDS, - = -•1 I.—The
sales of wool during the present week have been con-
fined to the supply of the immediate wants of the
manufacturers, which are very small. Prices are
unsettled, but where sales are made lower rates are
submitted to

LEEDS.—We have again to report exceedingly dull
markets at our cloth-halls both on Saturaay and
Tuesday. On the latter day there was scarcely any
business transacted. The same state of inaction
continues in the warehouses. The mildness of the
season, together with the scarcity of money, has
completely checked the demand for winter goods for
the home market, and with the exception of a little
briskness in ladies' cloths for the eastern markets,
the for.ign houses are still doing very little business.
BRADFORD MARKET, THURSDAY, DEC. 2.—„COOL
—There is no indication of improvement. Every one
seems disinclined to purchase, and the general tone
is great despondency. Yarn—lt is really a painful
task to have again to report the continued dul-
ness we have now for a long time been
portraying, but that dulneEs continues. Thu quan-
tity of yarn now spun is indeed reduced to a very
mall quantity. There are :onw inquiries for some
kinds for shipping, but the pries offered are only
such as to deter the producer from oinking more, and
there is a great disposition to do ,ass, rather than
accept the current prices. Piect.s—Tht:re is nothing
more encouraging in the piece market to-,day. Low
moreens are the most active in demand, and the sup-
ply short. The arrival of the Caledonia Las not
given any tone to our market.
MANCHESTER, THURSDAY EVENING.—We have to
report a steady but very slight improvement in the
demand for cloth, the prices for which are with
difficulty in some cases maintained. The prospect
of many mills resuming work after Christmas causes
manufacturers to become anxious sellers, fearing, no
doubt, that the demand will scarcely be equal to the
increased supply. The home trade is not brisk ; in-
deed it can hardly be expected with so many tho'‘.l-
- hands unemployed. Yarns are selling freely to
the export houses. The business doing by one firm
would not be believed if stated, so large is the
amount. There is also a fair business doing in yarns
for the Levant and India.

BARNSLEY. A visible improvement has taken
place in the fancy drill branch during the last fort-
night, and we hear that several large orders which
had been countermanded in the home trade have been
resumed.

NOTTINGLIAM.-It is discouraging to repeat that
we cannot report any amendment in either of the
branches of the plain cotton stocking trade; the cut-
up branches being in a considerably worse state.
The cotton bobbin-net continues in a most gloomy
position, and many of the machine owners, despair-
ing of any speedy amendment, are seeking for other
occupations. The present distressed state of Ger-
many is considered to add much to the want of de-
mand, as thaticountry has heretofore consumed nearly a
third of the lace made in England. The silk lace branches
have not felt the depression in the same ratio as the
cotton manufacture, but they must expect a further
rivalry from France, as the machinery for making
silk lace is fast extending at Lyons ; and as the French
Government pays bounties, competition with France
is out of the question in those articles which are pa-
tronised by the French Minister of Commerce. The
cotton warp lace trade is in a very depressed state in
this county, but we suppose that ere long the hands
will have a cut in with Loughborough and Leicester,
in making slades, which are now brisk.—Nottinghant
Review.

LEICESTER.—We are sorry to say things continue
in the same depressed state as reported in our last;
nor is there, we fear, any likelihood of an alteration
for the better until after Christmas. The number of
hands out of employment is very great, and on the
increase. Spinners are producing very little ; and
although wools have not varied in price, yarns have
experienced a still further small reduction. It is un-
derstood the failure of Leaf, Barnett, and Co., of
London, has not seriously affected any houses here.—
Leicester Journal.

THE ROYAL BuciutouNus.—The royal pack,
which left the kennel at Ascot on Monday se'nnight, to
hunt in the Vale of Aylesbury, returned to their old
quarters only on Thursday last, having hunted on five
days during their absence. Two of the finest deer
belonging to the royal hunt have been unfortunately
sacrificed. The celebrated little hind " Madcap," which
was uncarted at Denham-hill, near Quainton, on the
farm of Mr. Marks, on Friday, was drowned in the
river, between Chearsley and 'chine ; the hounds run-
ning into her before the whippers-in could get up. The
second deer was killed by the hounds on Wednesday
(the last day), at East Claydon. On the day
that Madcap was drowned, one of the whippers-in,
named Harry King, met with a serious accident, which,
it is feared, will prevent his hunting again during the
season. His horse, in taking a five-barred gate,
stumbled, and rolled over its rider, breaking two of his
ribs, and causing other internal injuries. Several Oxo-
nians were at the meet at Thame on Tuesday last. Two,
who were in a tandem, with a couple of high-spirited
horses, were upset in consequence of the nags taking
fright, just after the deer, " Snowdrop," was uncarted.
One gentleman was conveyed to Oxford with a dislo-
cated shoulder, and the other very seriously hurt about
the head and face. Sir Francis Peacoeke was also
thrown during the hunt, and was obliged to give over
from the injury be had sustained. One of the most
valuable horses belonging to her Majesty's hunting.
stud, was killed on its return from Aylesbury to Cum-
berland Lodge, in Windsor Great Park. In descending
a steep hill, near Beaconsfield, it fell and broke its back,
rendering it necessary that it should be immediately
slaughtered. Another hunter, of equal value, which
was also in charge of the same groom, fell at the same
time, and was so dreadfully cut about, that it is ques-
tionable if it will ever be fit to hunt again. The man
who was in charge of the two horses, and who fell with
them, was but slightly injured. These are only amongst
a few of the casualties which occurred during the visit
of the royal pack to " the Vale."
A gentleman recently appointed aroue in one of
the prineipal towns of the department de )'Aisne, had
his pocket picked on Thursday, in an omnibus, of s
portfolio containing bank-notes to the amount of 1,500 f.,
in addition to papers of importance. The portfolio was
in a side pocket.
Ten thousand persons are said to be laid up with
the grippe at Lille, but thus far no case has terminated
fatally. At Toulouse there are, it is said, 15,000 persons
in a population of 55,000, suffering from that malady.
—Galignani.
A BOY STARVED TO DEATH DV HIS FATHER.—
WOODSTOCK, SATURDAY.—For some days past the most
painful sensation has prevailed in this town, in conse-
quence of a report which had been circulating, that a
hawker, named John Duband, had starved his son (a
lad about twelve years of age) to death. An inquest
was held on the body of the lad, when the following
facts were elicited:—Ann Cutler said she knew the de-
ceased, and during the past fortnight he had complained
of pains in his inside. A few days before his death he
told witness that he had not had any food for several
days. He said there was plenty of bread in the
house, but that his father would severely beat and
kick him if he touched it. The father was in the
habit of going out all day and night, and leaving
the boy without any food; he was also in the habit
of beating the boy most unmercifully. On Thurs-
day last witness went to Huband's house. The
boy was lying on some straw on the floor, and appeared
to be dying. Witness told his father that be had
starved the child to death. Mr. George Coles, surgeon,
said that on Thursday afternoon, in consequence of in-
formation which he received, he went to Hubancy
house, and saw the boy lying on the floor. He .
(wit-
ness) examined him, and considered he wassudffang
from want of sufficient food. On the following the
boy was taken to the workhouse, where he died the
him any nourish.
same evening. Witness did not order
and eggs in the house at the
ment when be saw him, because hisTfthhaecearusheaodf ducks
time.
d inhuman conduct of the father. It was also
was starvation. Several other witnesses deposed to the
brutal an
proved that he was in
dl ,t
oa and
Oxfordthe coroner
the
t haenhi
ma boiut
sol
yf eraertnuirnngeudpawvaerrddsi
uotf 101.. f
per week. The jury un
A/JUVENILE HIGHWAYMAN.—At Gainsborough, the
madetak e hisu manslaughter
trial a"l aartargtahaneitn next rx
ht
7ashs nse iozmie ismu. bi
tat
na
son of the Rev. L. Hensly, while returning from school,
was stopped by a boy of his own age, who commanded
him to " Deliver, or --." He willingly obeyed the
command, and surrendered to the precocious highway.
ienhgen we
hna
aos
de aorrter
sehtsoitsre
edtdo nntlxe.etr
sadtgoaely,e
nbayi
allowed
r. Hen sly,
man his books, penknife, silver pencil- case, &c. The
young T uot
ern
rps
d"e'llplti,nacf
opederthyi,maird
promised to lead au honest life in future.
HOSPITAL FOR
CONSUMPTION AND DISEASES OP
THE CHEST, BROMPTON.—IIer Grace the Duchess of
Norfolk last week visited this charitable institution, and
in passing through the
highly gratified.
A meeting of delegates of France, Prussia, and
Belgium will take place on the 7th inst., at Brussels,
under the presidency of the Minister of Public Works
of Belgium, to make arrangements for putting into cor-
respondence with each other the different lines of rail-
way which unite those three kingdoms.
A SINGULAR ENCOUNTER. —The fishermen of
Cadgwith have lately been bringing ashore some good
catches of fish. Recently one of the fishermen caught a
large conger, and as soon as the monster was
O coiled
he seized the captor firmly by the throat, and
as
if
he
himself tightly round the poor fellow's body,
as unable
w it across
the
would be at once avenged. The fisherman w
d
to free himself, until he took his knife and e
conger's head. Its jaws then became unlocked,
its victim liberated.—Cornwall Gazette.
CharlesDickens,Esq.,
during his recent visit to
Leeds to preside at the annual soirée of our Mechanics'
Lee
Institution, was the guest ofJohn Hope Shaw, Esq., the
President of the institution. His engagements in London
rendered his stay short; he arrived by the express train
on Wednesday afternoon, and left Leeds by an early
train the following morning. James Crossley, Esq., the
President of the Manchester Attionwum, was also a guest
of Mr. Shaw.—Leecis Mercury.

METROPOLITAN SANITARY
COMMISSION.
The first report of the Metropolitan Sanitary Com-
missioners has been printed. The following is a sum-
mary of the conclusions arrived at :
Having consulted in relation to the general rise and
spread of cholera, the experience obtained in the most
severely visited districts in the metropolis, and also the
Most authentic records of the experience in the principal
towns in Great Britain and in Europe, we find in rela-
tion to this disease :
That amidst the town populations the cholera visits
with most severity the same classes of persons and the
same places, and is governed nearly by the same cir-
cumstances as typhus.
That it has been proved by experience that those cir-
cumstances are generally removable by proper sanitary
arrangements, and that typhus is to a great extent pre-
ventible; and we have every reason to believe that the
spread of cholera is preventible by the like means—
namely, by general and combined sanitary arrange-
ments.
That these arrangements, instead of being incidental
and collateral to other measures, are paramount, and
principal, and effective, not only against cholera, but
also against other epidemics.
Than when the cholera first appeared in this country
the general belief was that the disease spreads princi-
pally, if not entirely, by cocaraunication of the infected
with the healthy, and that, therefore, the main security
of nations, cities, and in,',ividuals, consists in the isola-
tion of the infected from the uninfected, a doctrine
which naturally led to the enforcement of rigorous qua-
metine regulations, the establishment of military and
police cordons, 0-.,e excitement of panic, and the neg
beet, and otter, the abandonment of the sick, even by
relations and, friends.
That sir,ce opportunities have been obtained of a closer
observatson of the character of this disease, and of the'
mode in which it spreads through continents, nations,
cities, towns, and families, facts have been ascertained
wlf,ch are incompatible with the foregoing view of its,
Mode of dissemination, and of its prevention.
That the disease is not, as it was then generally sup-
posed to be, contagious, and that the practical application
of that, doctrine did no good, but was fraught with much
evil.

That when it previously visited this country it was
bellf,ved that the most powerful predisposition to this
di° ease is induced by improper or deficient food,
wad that, for this reason, its chief victims are to
be found among the poor ; but it is now universally
admitted that a far more powerful pre-disponent is
the habitual respiration of an impure atmosphere; that
the highest degree of susceptibility is produced where
both these conditions are combined, that is, where peo-
ple live irregularly, or on unsuitable diet, and at the same
time filthily; and that, in places in which a great degree
of cleanliness is maintained, the poor as well as the rich
enjoy exemption from this disease.
That on an examination of the actual state of the back
streets, lanes, courts, and alleys of the metropolis, it is
found that in general little or no improvement has
taken place in their sanitary condition since the preva-
lence of cholera in 1832; and that were this disease
again to break out in the present state of these localities,
there is no reasonable ground to suppose that the pesti-
lence would not spread as extensively and prove as fatal
as on its former ♦isitation.
In regard to this disease we fear that complete mea-
sures of prevention must be eventual on the c•anbination
of works, which must be the subject of further inves-
tigations; but in respect to the immediate and special
measures available fur its prevention, we find
that such would be—measures of cleansing for whole
lines of sewers, from their commencement, through the
several districts to the outfalls ; cleansing of cesspools
(wherever it may be effected into the sewers), and the
removal of whatsoever may be removed in suspension in
water in the various modes of flushing, by the use of ad-
ditional and abundant supplies of water, and we find—
That it is expedient that a commission for the entire
drainage of the whole of the metropolis should be ap-
pointed, with a special view to such measures, and with
aid to carry them out.
With respect to measures of alleviation of cholera, we
;find—
: That it is one of the peculiar characteristics of this
disease that it sets at defiance, to a great degree, the
resources of medical art and science, as is too fully
proved by the fact that, under the most favourable cir-
cumstances, of those whom it attacks there perish nesey
two out of seven, and under the most unfavourable
• circumstances nine out of ten.
That still there can be no doubt that individuals are
saved, who would otherwise perish, that are early placed
_under favourable circumstances and judicious medical
treatment.
That although the removal to cholera hospitals, unless
at a very early period of the attack, and unless the
situation of the hospital happened to be highly favour.
able, was proved by experience to be injurious rather
than beneficial; yet among the classes most subject to
this disease, there must be individuals in a state of such
utter destitution as to render some provision absolutely
necessary,
That it is desirable that existing establishments for
the reception and treatment of the sick be immediately
inspected by officers especially conversant with warm-
: ing, ventilation, and other structural arrangements, to
advise on the alterations and adaptations necessary to
afford effectual aid to the individuals who may require it.
That where there is at present adequate accommoda-
tion by proper hospitals for fever cases, such accommo-
dation will in general suffice for cholera, fever not being
prevalent when cholera is epidemic, and fever cases
being in general more numerous than those of cholera.
On the inquiries we have made as to the administra-
tion of the law of sewers in the several districts in the
metropolis since the year 1834, when the administrators
of that law were examined by a Committee of the House
of Commons: since the year 1842, when they were
examined under the sanitary inquiry, and 1843, when
they were investigated by the commissioners of inquiry
into the means of improving the health of towns ; and
on the best consideration we have been enabled to give
to the descriptions of works which have subsequently
been carried cut by direction of the courts of commis-
sioners of sewers, to the mode in which they have exer-
cised their existing powers, and to the measures fur
which they have obtained, or propose to obtain, the
sanction of Parliament, we find—
That unnecessary expense and inconvenience to the
public is consequent on the division of the natural drain-
age areas among several distinct authorities, and that it
is impossible that improved works of systematic drain-
age can be carried out under arrangements that geo-
graphically divide the lines of watershed and the outfalls
between separate and conflicting authorities.
That the works which the present district commis-
sioners execute, and propose to execute, are uncertain,
erroneous, and defective in their general principles
of construction, injurious in their action, and unduly ex-
rensive.

Taat after the authentic expositions which have been
given of the principles of construction and management of
improved works, the extensions of sewers or drains, ac-
cumulative of decomposing refuse, are acts of injury to
the public health, and of waste of the public money.
That the execution by the district courts of commis •
sioners of large works of drainage or sewerage, without
reference to any general plan or survey, involves ,crreat
risk of erroneous and imperfect works andnd waste of the'
rates they are empowered to levy.
For the prevention of disease and saving of health and
life, by early carrying out efficient works of drainage,
and diminishing the mass of atmospheric impurities, by
which the public health is depressed ; and for the pre-
vention of expenditure upon inefficient works, we feel it
oir duty to recommend an immediate exercise of the
powers of the Crown, and
That the several commissions appointed under its
satthority in the metropolis be recalled with the least
possible
_delay.'
That. the law of sewers, now administered by nume-
rous persons in these separate districts, be confided to
one body of commissioners for the whole of the metro-
polis,

- That to ensure executive dispatch, and obviate that
weakening responsibility which arises from its present
division amongst large bodies, the commissioners
- should be limited in number; and competent, through
their known attention to sanitary improvement, to select
and sustain the labours of paid officers and the execu-
tion of works in the attainment of this their proper ob-
ject.
Though the practical consolidation which we submit
as necessary, and within the power of the Crown—its
rights not being, as we believe, barred by any of the local
.Acts—would be a great advance upon the existing state
cf things as a permanent arrangement, yet we now sub-
mit it tss a measure of immediate urgency to abate
. epidemic disease, and to stay waste; at the same time
./c. regard it as essentially preparatory to further alte-
rations which we propose hereafter to submit for the
consi aeration of your Majesty.
Should the apprehension of the return of the pesti-
lence prove unfounded, as we fervently hope it may, all
meaa-ures preventive of that epidemic cannot fail to be
sneensful against fever, and other large and fatal classes
owfi't6biiseese. If that which may be done within the time,
every aid and exertion in carrying out such mea-
sures,
evii,tlaee_nlitstele, as compared with the magnitude of the
arcely fail to repay the effort.
and Concurrentlycleansing, which
with the immediate works of flushing
to carry .31. which the paid officers may be enabled
consolidated ,
commission expect that the first work which a
of directing tote must see the necessity
miisi°tlproceeded with would be
the general Sur. he
Engineers, under the direction
the officers of the Royal
be
tb:ction of the Board of Whatever may
the
eodifications of the authori-
Ordnance.
- ties having charge of
public works for drainage
and cleansing, or the ulterioretdou paramount and most
adopted, there can be no reasonaebt of the e:cecution
measures which may be
- of the survey being the measure
effected, until
the
until the
pressing importance. Until the
consolidation
mnadde further
diztricts which we recommend is
work of the survey is proceeded with,
_ . inquiries and experiments based upon it are
not see that it will be practicable to make satisfactory
. proximate estimates of the extent and expense of the
ahem/ions and adaptations practicable in the old and
erroneously constructed works, or the extent of new
works which may be required to be done for the pur-
paws in question. Such estimates would be
desirable,
ir. order to determine the modifications of the exe-
cutive agency- for conductin.g the new works
by such a body
,quired.- We apprehend that
for it
isonly
metropolis, that
us the. one we recommend the whole
deducible from a general
complete general results,
b b (*lit out
ectebd t e rou,
surrey, may be reasonably exp
ranoch of the Ad-
for the future guidance of this
ministration. Edwin The rep,rt is signed, Robert Grosvenor,
Chad-
wick, T. Southwood Smith, Richard Owen, Richard
Lambert Jones.

t

THE EAST IN,DIL ROESE.—Notice was issued on
Saturday, at the E ast India House, that a quarterly ge-
neral Court of the Proprietors will be held on Wednes-
day, the 22d instant:l