The Sun.
London, England, 1847-11-12 00:00:00

stituting an increased rate of interest as
the check against over-issues by the Bank,
whenever a drain of gold is taking place,
instead of the absolute prohibition that at pre-
sent exists, or permit the directors to exercise their
own discretion as fully as they were permitted to do
before 1844 ? or will they introduce a measure of
enlarged and comprehensive policy, giving free trade
in gold, as in all other commodities, and providing a
currency amply sufficient for the wants of the
country, and secured upon all the national re-
sources ? The fame and character of the Whig
Ministry, the prosperity of the British people, and
the maintenance of the public revenue, will mainly
depend on the answers that will be returned to these

interrogatories.
It is manifest that a real convertibility does not
and cannot exist, neither can any legislative enact-
ments possibly establish it. Gold could not by any
means be procured in sufficient abundance to carry
on the ordinary business of the country, compli-
cated as it is by the burden of our national

DE SAN MATTEO, was written " Eviva GIOBERTI."
The priesthood carried olive branches and the citi- '
zens flags with significant inscriptions. Before the
façade of the royal residence the troops and the
people fraternised. In the evening the city was illu-
minated, and CHARLES ALBERT traversed its streets
on horseback surrounded by one hundred torches and
greeted everywhere by cries of joy and homage. The
Corporation of Commerce laid its banner at his feet.
The printers did in like manner. Before the College
of the Jesuits the cheering ceased and was succeeded
by a prolonged clamour—" Eviva
GIOBERTI, the Prophet of Italian Freedom ! At the
grand entrance of the palace a civilian burst from
the crowd and, falling upon hi 3 knee, kissed
the hand of the KING, beseeching him to grant
an amnesty to all political offenders. The supplica-
tion was re-echoed by many thousand voices; the air
resounded with the appeal " Amnesty I amnesty 1"
The KING wept, says an eye-witness, and extending
his hand to those who surrounded him, replied in
these remarkable words—words which posterity will
enregister in history—"My people! my brethren
What you demand shall be done—you shall be con-
tented. I will accord all that can make you happy! "
We can readily conceive the sensation this spectacle
and these words must have inspired. We can com-
prehend the earnestness with which the same writer
continues his narrative :—" How can I describe the
enthusiasm of the people which sees the era of liberty
open before them ? I say enthusiasm, but I am
wrong—it was not enthusiasm—it was delirium—it
was frenzy !" Such testimonies as these, and as the
jubilees which have recently been held at Villa Nova,
at Monferrato, at Fossano, at Saluzzo, at Sussa, and
at other towns and cities of Piedmont, assure us that
the days of Italian subserviency and Austrian domi-
nation-are alike being consummated.

debt, the enormous weight of taxation consequen
thereon, and the large amount of realised property or
capital, which alone amounts to more than 200
millions of pounds sterling per annum. We have
already shown that if there was a general demand on
the Bank to satisfy all its liabilities, as well on notes
as deposits in gold coin, that it could scarcely pay
4s. in the pound on the amount. True it is that it
possesses, in Government and other securities ample
assets, to guard against the possibility of any person
being subjected to loss ; but after all, the ultimate
foundation of its solvency and stability is the Go-
, vernment debt cwing to it, and in which it possesses
a mortgage not only on all the existing property of
the country, but on all its labour and resources of every
description. That is the true ground:on which credit
is given to the Bank, and such universal confidence
entertained in the validity of its promises. But
why should not notes issued directly by the Govern-
ment, and without the intervention of the Bank, be
just as readily received. A vast saving would be
effected to the nation thereby. At present on an aver-
age about 20,000,0001. of Exchequer-bills are issued
to provide for the public expenditure, and in anticipa-
tion of the proceeds of our taxation. These are pur-
chased with notes issued by the Bank, and bearing no
interest, while the country is subjected to the interest
on these bills, the whole of which might easily be
saved by issuing them in small denominations, when
they would readily pass from hand to hand, and be re-
ceived in discharge of all the ordinary obligations. Notes
of this description would be amply sufficient for all the
internal traffic in the country, and if gold was re-
quired for the arrangement of our balances with
other lands, it might readily be procured at a very
trifling advance, if any. The favourite argument of
the bullionists is, that it would be dealing unfairly
with creditors who have advanced their money on the
faith of the liability being discharged in so many
ounces of gold of a given weight and fineness,
to pay them in a depreciated currency.
This argument has been so well answered in the ad-
mirable letter of Mr. CAreS, the secretary to the
Anti-Gold-law League, which appeared in The Sins
on Wednesday, and which is quite conclusive on the
question, that we shall not now refer thereto. In
truth, there would be no breach of either national
faith or national honesty in such a course,
We are perfectly satisfied that if due care were taken
to guard the issues, so that an undue amount should
not be sent into circulation, there would be no such
depreciation of the currency as the advocates of the
present law, without a particle of foundation for the
assertion, assume would be the case. Property would
not of course be sacrificed at an enormous
loss to obtain a representative of value to
enable its possessor to discharge his lia-
bilities, as unfoDtunately has recently been and
still is the case ; neither would such exorbitant rates
of interest, such legalised usury as now prevails, be
obtainable ; but as much value would be procured fur
these notes as could be got for an equal number
of sovereigns, when there was a fair supply
of money in the country, and there would
not be those constant fluctuations that have
prevailed under the present system, and
which have had such injurious effects on all classes.
It is absurd to say that because the guinea commanded
a premium of 7s. or Bs. during the height of the war,
and when an enormous amount of gold was exported
for the use of our armies and for foreign subsidies,
which of course greatly enhanced its value, that
a similar result would follow when there are no such
causes to occasion it. On the contrary, it is more
reasonable to suppose that the increased production
that would take place, from all our operatives being
fully employed, would lead to an influx of bullion.
The taxation should be satisfied to an amount
equal to the notes in circulation, and if the
persons about to pay it had not notes, they should
do so in gold ; this simple fact would alone prevent
any great difference in value between the national
notes and the amount of gold they would represent,
and which, in default of them, should be paid into
the Exchequer, in their place. We trust that our
representatives may maturely consider these points
before they suffer themselves to be led away by the
unfounded arguments that have been advanced.

could not pursue a course more calculated to do so
than the course they are now pursuing in Friburg
and Lucerne.

Letters from Genoa of the sth give the following
account of the reception of King CHARLES ALBERT

in the city :
" The King has arrived amongst us, and has been
welcomed with the most enthusiastic acclamations.
His Majesty, affected by these demonstrations of
sympathy, shed tears. In all the towns through
which he passed the joy of the inhabitants was testi-
fied in the same gladful manner, and particularly at
Alexandria, where the King stopped some hours,
those manifestations assumed a character truly
solemn. At Rivarola, a small town situated at a
short distance from Genoa, a magnificent triumphal
arch was erected, and a part of the inhabitants, with
the principal tradesmen at their head, accompanied
him as far as the entrance of our city. At the gates
of Genoa the local authorities, accompanied by about
50,000 persons, received his Majesty with repeated
cries of Long live Charles Albert, the reforming
Prince.' In the midst of this joyous crowd might
be distinguished the Marquis Georges Doric,
proudly carrying the famous standard taken
by the Genoese from the Austrians in 1746.
MM. Durazzo and Balbi, the heads of two of
the first families in Genoa, carried, one a Piedmontese
flag, and the other that of the city of Genoa.' The
Marquis Pareto, as remarkable for his great know-
ledge as for his patriotism, carried a banner on which
was inscribed " Long live Italy !" The Abbe de San
Matteo, who belongs to the noble family of Doria,
carried another, with the inscription, " Long live
Gioberti," and was followed by a long cortege of
priests and monks, each having an olive branch in
their hands. On the flag borne by the representatives
of the commercial interests of Genoa was inscribed,
" The grateful traders of Genoa ;" on that borne by
the printers was written, " Long live Charles Albert,
the reformer of the law on the press," and there
were besides a number of other banners bearing the
inscriptions of " Long live Charles Albert, the Re-
former ;" " Long live Pius IX. ;" "Long live the
Army ;" " Long live our Piedmontese brethren."
When the King passed, this mass of fifty thou-
sand citizens followed the royal cortege to
the palace, before the gates of which the King
stopped to see the troops file off. Afterwards the
population, ranged in platoons with admirable or-
der, also filed off before the King. When the troops
and the people met, they gave way to the most touch-
ing demonstrations of fraternity. In passing before
the King, the Corporation of Commerce offered him
its banner, which the King accepted with great
emotion. In the evening all the quarters of the citywere illuminated; and the King, to show his satis-
faction, determined, in spite of the fatigues of the
journey, to appear in public on horseback. To take
a turn in the city, which under ordinary circum-
stances would require ten minutes, he employed an
hour. This fact will show how great the crowd was.
On arriving before the Jesuits' college, the people,
which till then had never ceased to make the air ring
with its delighted acclamations, became hushed all at
once, and, after some moments of solemn silence,
an immense cry of " Long live Gioberti!" burst
from every lip. On returning from this patriotic
promenade, the King, still escorted by the popula-
tion and by 100 young men carrying torches,
stopped at the palace, and expressed to the people
all the happiness which he felt. At the same instant
a citizen left the crowd, and approaching his Majesty
kissed his hand. He then supplicated him to accord
an amnesty to all political offenders. All at once the
magic word of amnesty ran on every lip as guided
by an electric current—" Amnesty ! amnesty !"
Such was the cry that filled the air. The King af-
fected to tears, and extending his hand to those who
surrounded him, replied by these remarkable words,
which posterity will enregester in history—" My
people ! my brethren ! 'What you demand shall be
done—you shall be contented-1 will accord all
that can make you happy !" To describe to you
the effect caused by these paternal words would be
above my power. How can I describe in fact the en-
thusiasm of the people which sees the era of liberty open
before them ! I say enthusiasm, but I ain wrong—it was
not enthusiasm—it was delirium—it was frensy !"
The printers subsequently offered a banner to the
King, on which we read the inscription, " Liberty of
the Press !" The King accepted the offering, and
the crowd immediately retired in the most perfect
order. We are assured that on the 15th of the pre-
sent month the Customs Union and the reduction of
the duty on salt will be published. The approaching
organization of the Civic Guard is also spoken of."
The Piedmontese Gazette mentions a rumour that
Pontremoli has been again ceded to Tuscany for four
millions of francs. Public rejoicings on the occasion
of the recent reforms were celebrated at Allessandria,
Villa Nova, Monferrato, Fossano, Saluzza, Suzza, and
Nice, and other places.
The Patria of Florence publishes the following
from Rome, in its number of the 2d :
" Monsignor Morandi, Governor of Rome, gave in
his resignation on the 22d tilt. It is generally be-
lieved that it will be accepted, and that the delay
which has taken place in giving a reply, was owing
to the difficulty of finding him a successor. It is
only when a successor shall be appointed that we
shall see the end, which is expected with so much im-
patience, of the great prosecution of the accused of
July. It is said that Monsignor Savelli will suc-
ceed Monsignor Morandi. An article in No. 39 of
the Contemporaneo, bearing the title On the party
soi- disant Catholic,' has just incurred, after the space
of a month, a formal blame in the Diario di Roma of
the 24th. It was already a great thing to make us
arrive at the conviction that Catholicism is the same
thing as Jesuistism, where the sons of Loyola labour.
But our grief was much greater when we learned by
the Diario of the 26th, that Professor Salvatcre-Betti,
Censor, one of those who allowed the article of the
Contemporaneo to pass, had been suspended from his
functions. It would appear that the article of the
Univers attacking that of No. 39 of the Contempo •
ranco, has been one of the causes of the suspension.
We therein recognise the habitual artifices of the
partisans of the Jesuits. A great number of the
citizens of Rome have visited M. Betti to express to
him the great interest which the public takes in him.
The modest savant, affected to tears by this mark of
sympathy, returned his thanks, and cried, ' Long
live Pius IX.!' The editors of the journals having
reason to fear amore severe censorship, after having
attempted to avoid the rigours of it, have to-day sus-
pended their publications, and all demand a repressive
law on the press. The notice which they have just
published The political journals of
Home
is a
eseethesm7ellw
themselves
se :--
under the necessity of sus-
pending the publication of their sheets until certain
recent difficulties relative to the censorship shall be
resolved by him who has the power. The suspension
will not cause any loss to the subscribers. "
Notwithstanding this notice, the Contemporaneo of
Rome, appeared on the 30th ult.
A letter from Rome, of Nov. 3, says--" It ap-
pears certain that Cardinal FERRETTI has refused to
withdraw his resignation. Cardinal Aaiars is de-
signated as his successor. If this nomination takes
place it will produce a change of persons, not of
policy."
Lord Miwro passed the night at Arezzo on the
30th ult. The inhabitants assembled before the hotel
and cheered him loudly. The cries of " Long live
the friends of Italian independence, the Customs
League, and England " were incessant. Lord Mirro
(says the Alba) stepped out on the balcony, and re-
sponded with, " Long live LEoroLD 11. and Italian
independence!"

True to its principles of liberality—true to those
principles which were at once the passion and the in.
wiration of CHARLES JAMES Fox, the Government
of England is responding with a generous alacrity to
the patriotic fervour of the Roman peninsula. I'ius
IX., CHARLES ALBERT 1., and LEOPOLD 11., find
evidences of friendship among the ministerial ad-
visers of VICTORIA. Lord MINTo, the especial re•
presentative of her MAJESTY, appeared as recently as
on the 30th of October on the balcony of his hotel at
Arezzo, and amidst cries of "Long live the friends of
Italian Independence, the Customs League, and
England!" answered the citizens with " Long live
LEOPOLD 11. and Italian Independence !" While the
revolutionary monarchy of France is retrograding into
an absolutist dynasty, the retrograde Governments of
[taly are progressing upwards into the glory and
stability of constitutional principalities. It is agree-
able to turn from the degeneracy of one Court to the
almost miraculous vigour and clemency of another ;
and it is grateful to find that in the midst of these
momentous and surprising changes England still
keeps pace with the Apostles of Progression, that she
is still in the van of the popular movement.

The Levant Mail has arrived, bringing Constanti-
nople journals of the 27th, and Athens papers to the
30th ult., and intelligence from Malta to the 3d inst.
The Journal de Constantinople of the 26th ult.
has the following:—
"We had announced in a preceding number that
King Otho had addressed an autograph letter to the
Emperor of Russia to claim his good offices in the
Turco-Greek dispute. At present, it is affirmed that
the Cabinet of Athens has decided to refer this matter
to the five Powers. 'We remark, in fact, that recently
the communications between the Porte and the
foreign representatives have been much more frequent.
We cannot say how this new combination has been
received by the Divan. These continual changes
prove sufficiently the extent of the embarrassment
into which Greece finds herself thrown. It appears
to us that it is a matter of perfect indifference to the
Porte whether Greece applies to the five Powers or
to one ; the important matter for her is that the
Cabinet of Athens accords the just satisfaction which
is demanded."

We learn from the same journal that the Sultan
has spared the lives of the rebels BEDERHAN BET and
MAHMOUD KHAN, but ordered them into perpetual
exile and imprisonment. They have been sent away
from Constantinople in custody, the former to the
Fort of Candia, the latter to Rutschuk. The fol-
lowing on the cholera is extracted from the same

Since Cardinal JOHN ATASTAI FERRETTI was first
elevated to the Pontificate, and took the initiative in
the political liberation of the Italians, the popular
movement has proceeded with magnificent success
throughout the whole of that classic peninsula. The
shades of the elder BRUTUS, of the GRACCIIII, and of
RIENZI the Tribune, seem to have become the tutelary
divinities of the soil, and the Genius of Liberty seems
to avenge at last the woes of many bygone genera-
tions. The principles of liberality have affected the
different principalities, as it were, by a moral con-
tagion, and their ebullition has been manifested, not
merely among those who are obedient to Pius IX.
and LEOPOLD IL, but likewise among the less for-
tunate vassals of FERDINAND of the Two Sicilies.
The duchy of Lucca has been so far influenced by the
sentiments of patriotism as to disencumber itself of its
inefficient and depressive Government. The duchies of
Pa:-ma, Piacenza, and Guastalla, have been stirred
to their entrails. The golden rod of the Modenese
ruler has trembled in his grasp, and the passionate
acclamations of joy by which the concessions of the
more southern princes have been welcomed, has
found a response in the hearts, and kindled a con-
genial enthusiasm in the bosoms of the Lombardo-
Venetians. From first to last of these most memora-
We proceedings the reforming PONTIFF has been
emulated in his immortal acts of civism by one who
had a reputation to restore and a legislature to re-
organize—the Piedmontese Sovereign, CHARLES
ALBERT, the King of Sardinia. The deeds by which
this Monarch has illustrated his times, and associated
his name with those of Pres and LEOPOLD, are cha-
racterised by so much of regal magnanimity as to
render them worthy of being commemorated by a
CAMOENS and chronicled li)y. a TACITUE. CHARLES
ALBERT has abandoned himself heart and soul to the
popular movement. His reign is more logical than
the treatise of BOLINGBROKE. He has combined in
himself the characteristics of a Liberator and a King ;
and the gratitude of the Piedmontese has just
afforded him so:ne conception of the certain admira-
tion of posterity.
Within the present November the Liberal Sove-
reign of SARDINIA was received with extraordinary
pomp by the Genoese, after a series of ovations from
Alessandria to Rivarola. The narrative of his arrival
and reception at Genoa, published in the Nouvelliste
of Marseilles, reads almost like a chapter from the
" Arabian Nights' Entertainments." It is the

source :

"It has been communicated to us by the sanitary
committee :---‘ A case of cholera took place here on
October 24, and was duly testified to by the com-
mittee. The person attacked was a female servant ;
she died the day after.' Letters from Trebizonde,
which arrived at Constantinople on Oct. 23 by the
Austrian steamer, state that the cholera had com-
pletely disappeared from that city, and that there
were only a few scattered cases in two or three of
the neighbouring villages. The malady had also
ceased at Erzeroum, the sharp cold which had set in
having, it was thought, contributed to that result.
i3esides, the cholera was not very deadly in this
latter place, as out of 30,000 souls there were only
700 deaths."

The Moniteur Grec announces that the KING had
refused to receive the address of the Senate, which
was tantamount to a vote of no confidence in the
Ministry, and which had been voted by 23 to 16,
and that he had nominated a sufficient number of
new Senators to secure a majority. As, by the
confession of COLETTI on his death-bed, the Greek

Ministry merely carries out the orders and wishes
of M. GUIZOT and Louis Pirmirru, we may reason-
ably conclude that this is their method of:carrying out
the principles of constitutional government.
Letters from Malta, of the 3d instant, state that a
mutiny took place in the night of the 31st ult. on
board the Superb, 80 guns, in consequence of an
order of Commander WiumoT forbidding the men to
smoke. The mutineers extinguished the lights, broke
the crockery belonging to their messes, and insulted
their officers. At ten o'clock, however, they had
returned to their duty, thanks to the firmness of
Commander WimuoT, and several of the mutineers
were placed in irons.

The Berne journals of the 7th, and those of Geneva
of the same date, contain nothing to confirm the re-
port of hostilities having commenced. General D UFOUR
has addressed to his troops a proclamation recom-
mending discipline, exemplary conduct, and respect
for the property of the priesthood. The Suisse
of the 7th has the following :—" The most inter-
esting news to-day is that the contingent of infantry
of Bale, which had been shut up in their barracks,
are anxious to join the Federal army, and the soldiers
of Bale-Campagne, dissatisfied at not wearing the
Federal brassaro, 190 soldiers left the barracks with
their drums beating, and, having assembled at a
brewery, drew up a petition praying to be allowed to
join the Federal service or to be disbanded."
The Bale Gazette of the 9th has the following from
Berne :—" Hostilities have commenced near Friburg;
the soldiers of the Landsturm of Friburg fired some
,hots at the soldiers of Berne, but without doing any
execution. On the advance of the troops of Berne
the Landsturm retired."
_ _ _

Madrid papers of the have arrived.
The Gaceta publishes a decree appointing MARTI-
NEZ DE LA ROSA Ambassador to Rome, in the room
of PACHECO. The appointment of this clever Afran-
cesado intriguer to the Roman Embassy is likely to
be anything but pleasing to the Pors. Indeed, it is
rumoured, that on hearing of the intended appoint-
ment, his HOLINESS announced his intention of re-
fusing to receive any Ambassador from Spain until
the affairs of the Church in that country should be
placed upon a satisfactory footing.
It is said that profound divisions exist in the Mo.
derado party, many of whom are strongly opposed to
NAIWAEz, The Herald° denies that this is the case,
and contends that the recent changes in the Cabinet
are not to be regarded as any proof of disagreement.
The Cabinet, it says, in order to meet the Chamber.
had need to be entirely renewed, so as to have no re-
sponsibility whatever with respect to what had
occurred previous to its accession to power; and the
two retired Ministers themselves felt that they consi-
dered it right to relieve their colleagues of their pre-
sence. That matters did not pass as the Heraldo
represents is evident, from the fact that the decrees
set forth that Generals Ros DE OLANo and CORDOVA
were dismissed—" relieved of their offices," as the
Spanish phrase runs.
The same Ministerial journal publishes a letter
from Paris, in which it is positively stated that the
Duke and Duchess DE MONTPENSIER have no inten-
tion of visiting Spain. The Duchess, it is added,
promised the QUEEN to return to Madrid this year,
and the QUEEN has frequently written to her to fulfil
the promise ; but King Louis PHILIPPE, fearing
that the visit might give rise to false interpretations,
has caused it to be postponed. The letter further
asserts that the KING of the FRENCH never had the

....., ____
The Grand Council of Me Ville has decided on
placing its contingent at the service of the Federal
Government, but with a declaration that it is filled
with horror at the prospect of civil war, and yields to
the demand of the Federal Government only from
necessity.
The report of the murder of two citizens of Berne
by the fanatical partisans of the Jesuits in Friburg
is confirmed by the Gazette of Zurich. These
unfortunate men had been ripped open alive
and then hanged. These atrocious murders are solely
attributable to the fanaticism which the Friburg au-
thorities endeavour to excite among the ignorant
peasantry. As a proof of the means to which the
Jesuits of Friburg do not scruple to have recourse
to stimulate the fanaticism of those who blindly trust
in them, it may be sufficient to state that the Bishop
of FRIDURG, in a sermon which he recently preached
at Bulle before a congregation of 7,000 persons,
actually told them "that at Berne the image
of the Holy Virgin Mary, the Mother of
GOD, had been paraded about upon an ass,
and hooted at and pelted." When the teachers
are wilful calumniators it is not surprising
that the taught should be murderers. The
1 Jesuits are endeavouring to make this a war of re-
ligion, and everywhere accompany the troops of the
Sonderbund. Four Jesuit priests of Friburg made
prove
thei how r
areconnoisance at the ferry of Broie, near La Sauge,
and mapped out the positions. If the Jesuits wished
to
ceoxmpupllseitoenlyfjustified
Switzerland, and
ains
di n
how
utterly incompatible is the de-
manding
preservation of anything
like legal order with their presence in a state, they

intensity of such loyalty as was experienced
towards towards good HALROUN ALRASCHID.
gates of Genoa--the city of marble palaces—
CnAuLEs ALBERT was met by the civic autho-
rities and 50,000 of the inhabitants. The wel-
come of the multitude was auspicious—it was " Long
live CHARLES ALBERT, the Reforming Prince !"
There was an air at once historic and appropriate,
moreover, in the insignia of the procession. Among
other conspicuous personages was the Marquis
GEORGIO DORIA, bearing in his hand the standard
taken from the Austrians in 1746 by the heroic
Genoese. The representatives of the princely houses
Of DURAZZO and of BALru--names which, like that
of DORIA, are inscribed in the first pages of the
pehelda.
golden book—carried before the KING the gonfalons
of Genoa and
Piedmont.
by the learned i.
m ~
zoned " Eriva Pal,
arciu i s O
AREn the banner
was
m bi
M
On that borne by the Abbe

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 12, 1847

intention, as several of the journals have asserted, of
allowing the Duke DE MOISTPENSIER to accept a
command in the Spanish army.
We take note of this evidently official letter pub

fished by the Ministerial journal, inasmuch as it is
a distinct avowal that, although ISABELLA may
reign over, Lours PHILIPPE in fact governs Spain ;
we see that he determines whether or not an Infanta
of Spain shall visit her native country, and who shall
and who shall not accept commands in the Spanish
army. It is for the Spaniards to determine how much
longer they will suffer their nation to be an appanage
of the house of Orleans.

Everything s:ems preparing for a Carlist outbreak
in the north. A band of 30 armed Carlists passed
into Spain on the night of the 31st of October by
Vera. The body was almost entirely composed of
officers, and amongst these are, it is said, a general
and eight colonels or superior officers. Two of them
are LARUINIAA and OZCARIZ, who are well known for
their exploits during the last civil war. The Captain-
General left Sebastian on November 2 in pursuit of
them. The troops quartered at Vera have been
ordered out, as well as a detachment of Custcm-
house officers.
MADRID BOMA, Nov. s.—The Three per Cents.
were done at 26 9.16, at fifty days ; the Five per
Cents. at 151- for paper; the Debt without Interest,
at 5i ; and the Coupons at 11 for cash.

We have received the Paris papers of Wednesday.
We yesterday announced the fact that the Messrs.
ROTHSCHILD had contracted for the new loan in the

Three per Cents. at 754. The following is the ac-
count given, by Galignani's Messenger of Wednes-
day afternoon, of the circumstances attending the

bidding:-
" The adjudication of the loan of 250 millions, as
authorised by the Bill of Aug. 8, 1847, took place to-
day, at twelve o'clock, at the Hotel of the Minister of
Finance, Rue de Rivoli. The room in which the
proceedings took place was crowded to excess long
before the hour appointed to commence. IV hen the
Hon. Minister had taken his seat, he briefly intimated
for what purpose the day's meeting was ordered, and
then called on M. Calmon, the Secretary of the
Department of Finance, to read the conditions of
the adjudication, which state :-That the payment
of the 250 millions should be effected in twenty-
five months from Nov. 22, 1847 ; that a first instal-
ment of 12,500,000 f. should be delivered on that
day ; a second of 12,500,0001. on Dec. 22, 1847 ;
a third of 5,000,000 f. on Jan. 7, 1848 ; and all
the rest, each amounting to 10,000,0001., on
the 7th of each month, down to Nov. 7, 1849, on
which dray the last instalment was to be paid, &c.
The Hon. Minister then laid on the table a sealed
packet, containing the minimum price below which
no tender could be accepted, and called on the persons
wishing to contract to hand in their tenders. Baron
J. de Rothschild then placed a sealed packet on the
table, no other person following his example. When
the clock struck half-past twelve the Hon. Minister
proceeded to open the sealed packet of M. de Roths•
child. He first read the receipt from the Caisse de
Depots et Consignations for a sum of 10,000,0001.,
caution-money paid in according to the conditions.
He next read the tender itself, which offered to take
the loan of 250 millions at the rate of 75f. 25c. This
announcement was received with hisses by a number
of persons, who considered the price too low, whilst
others cried out, C'est un tres-beau prix.' fhe
Hon. Minister then stated that as the rate just
named was above the minimum price contained in his
sealed packet, the loan was adjudged to MM. de
Rothschild. Except the immediate friends of MM.
de Rothschild, we saw none of the bankers or capital-
ists of Paris present."
The Conservateur of Wednesday pays the follow-
ing tribute to the memory of Count BRESSON :-"
This sad intelligence plunges not only in mourn-
ing a respectable family, but it affects all men who
value services rendered to one's country, for no man
has served France better than Count Bresson. What
was the cause of this catastrophe ? They who knew
the Count, who could appreciate the strong affection
he bore to his father, his wife, to his brothers, who
know how much he was a slave to his duties, are
obliged to think of the events of the last few years,
and to call to mind the brain fever which nearly
caused his death in Spain. After that terrible illness
he was subject to intermittent attacks which affected
his brain. These attacks, however, never led to the
supposition that any such frightful denouement could
take place as that now announced. What occurred
in this last and fatal night ? A Marseilles
journal asks, Is it an assassination? Is it
a suicide ? No one knows. All that we can
say is, that, in a last letter to his father,
M. Bresson, after having expressed his tender affec-
tion adds :--t" I feel that I am more a man of the north
than of the south. This beautiful climate excites my
nervous system to excess." We must; then, at least
wait for certain news before pronouncing on the real
causes of the unhappy end of a man of the highest
distinction, who, united to the truest and most pro-
found social feelings, the most eminent qualities of the
citizen."
The Union Monarchique says-
" Raised while still young to the highest positions
in diplomacy, loaded with favours by a Government
for whose advantage he recently negotiated the
Spanish marriages, M. Bresson in destroying himself
can have only yielded to a spirit of despair-the cause
of which we vainly seek for. We deplore his melan-
choly end. Whatever may have been the political
acts of his life, we cannot but do homage to his emi-
nent abilities and the admirable personal qualities
with which he was endowed. His death is a great
loss to our diplomacy, as it is a subject of inconsolable
grief to a most honourable family.'
A rumour prevailed in Paris on Tuesday to the
effect that Friburg had been taken by assault by the
troops of the Federation, after a most destructive
engagement. No great credit, however, was attached
to the rumour, and no intelligence confirming it had
been received up to Wednesday afternoon.
The Debats says-" Our letters from Berne of
the 6th speak of the measures taken by the French
Ambassador in behalf of the young Frenchmen who
have the misfortune to be in the College of Friburg,
M. DE BOIS LE COMTE, after having conferred with
General Duroun, has sent M. DE MASSIGNAC, an
attaché of the embassy, to bring those young people
to the hotel of the embassy at Berne. For this pur-
pose the General had delivered a safe conduct to M. DE
MASSIGNAC, who was to return to Berne in the even-
ing of the 7th. This attaché had also been charged to
bring back the young Spaniards who are in the col-
lege. Mr. PEEL had also sent an attaché of the Le-
gation to bring the young Irishmen to Berne.
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse
on Wednesday at 77f. 15c. ; the New Loan, 77f.;
the Five per Cents., 116 f. 50c.; the Orleans Rail-
road Shares, 1,2021. 50c. ; Rouen, 930 f.; Havre,
5221. 50c.; Great Northern, 562 f. 50c.; Avignon,
565 f.; Vierzon, 557 f. 50e. ; Bordeaux, 497 f. 50c. ;
Troyes and Montereau, 2351. ; Basle, 165 f. ; Paris
and Strasburg, 425 f. ; Tours and Nantes, 4101.
Paris and Lyons, 412f.50c.; Lyons and Avignon,
473 f. 75c.
LYONS, Nov. 8.-Paris and Rouen, 915 f.; Avig-
non and Marseilles, 5471. 50c. ; Vierzon, 547 f. 50c- ;
Northern, 550 f. ; Paris and Lyons, 410 f. ; Orleans,
1,191 f. 25c.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, NOVE/VIIIEIt 11.

Boulogne and Amiens, 141/2 Lyons and Avignon (Consti-
tuted), 3%—Northern of France, 124—Orleans and Bor-
deaux, 534—Paris and Lyons, 6%—Rouen and Havre, 201/2
—Sambre and Meuse, 54—West Flanders 14.

DISCOVERIES IN NORTH AMERICA.-With a ra-
pidity that would be incredible from any one else,
Mr. Wyld, the eminent geographer, has already
published a map, which represents a sketch of the
discoveries on the North-Eastern Coast of America,
by the Hudson's Bay Company's Arctic Expedition,
under the command of Dr. John Rae. The rapidity
with which this valuable sketch has been issued is
not more entitled to approval than the perspicuity
and minuteness with which it has been executed.
Those who examine the survey of this expedition
will obtain from the present outline map very mate-
rial assistance ; it is well-timed and excellently de-
lineated.

The Right Hon. Richard More O'Ferrall, the
newly appointed Governor of Malta, proceeds thither in
a day or two, in her Majesty's steam-packet Oberon,
Lieutenant Gardner commanding, now on her way to
Portsmouth.
Tim TRINITY BOARD.—The office of chaplain to
this corporation has become vacant by the demise of the
Rev. J. F. Wakley, M. A., who was also lecturer at St.
Paul's Church, Deptford.
SMITHFIELD-MARKET.—A thick Parliamentary
blue-book has just been printed by order of the House of
Commons, containing the evidence given before the
select Committee respecting Smithfield-market. The
Committee have made no report further than recom-
mending to the House the necessity of applying for a
new commission in the ensuing Parliament, to continuo
the subject of their inquiry.
ROBBERY IN ST. JAMES'S PARK.—In the course
of Tuesday night some thieves stole the whole of the
lead from the roof of Marlborough Lodge, in St. James's
Park. Two sentries were on duty within a few yards
of the place, but neither of them heard the slightest
noise, nor saw anything to excite their suspicion.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.

CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.

The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were 4,500
bales, of which 1,200 were Ameriean for exportation.
Prices were steady. 4,000 bales of American sold at sd.
to 6id. per lb. —ln Railway Shares a fair amount of
business was done, and at better prices.

Most of the provincial journals received daily from
different parts of the country contain comments upon
the state of the country in its present monetary crisis ;
but very few of them indeed appear to consider only,
or at least principally, local interests. It is somewhat
singular to see how some of them take up the cudgels
against the remarks madeof late by the " leading journal:,
However, there is one point to which the deepest and
universal attention is drawn, viz., the meeting of Parlia-
ment, and the measures to be proposed for the relief of
the commercial classes of Ireland, of the East and West
India colonies, and of the Mauritius.
There is not a rumour current to-day of any imme-
diate large suspensions here. In most circles great
reserve, indeed, is manifested in replying to any ques-
tions of the tenour referred to. From Manchester, we
regret to learn that an uneasy feeling prevailed there.
A firm, said to be connected also with the Manchester
and Glasgow trade in one of its departments, is
talked of.

Adrices from St. Petersburgh received tkis morning
speak of monetary difficulties there. No important
failures are talked of. Cash was worth 8 per cent.

Accounts of September 20 from Rio de Janeiro state

that the mercantile markets were without any particular
alteration. The Exchange was at 274 d. From Buenos
Ayres there are dates also of Aug. 28. As far as the
advices through this channel can be relied upon, it
would appear that the Monte-Videans are as much at
variance as ever among themselves,
There have been some large sales made this morning,
still Consols for Money and Account are now firm at 84k.
Exchequer-bills have varied from 2s. discount to is.
premium. The small bills have realised 7s. and are
now 3s. premium. The Reduced Three and-a-Quarter
per Cents. have been heavy. India Bonds are at 15s.
discount, and Bank Stock at 187 to 188.
The Spanish Three per Cents. have been taken at
27k, the Mexican at 151 4, the Portuguese at 214, the
Dutch Two-and a-Half per Cents. at 534 54, and the
Four per Cent. Certificates at 82i Business is very
slack in the market.
The Railway Share Market continues in an inert
state, comparatively speaking. The lastest prices are
annexed:—

ONE CLOSING
PRICES OF BRITISH FUNDS. O'CLOCK- PRICES
Bank Stock
3 per Cent. Reduced Anns B2'ji, 83 82% 831/2 831/2
3 per Cent. Consols Annuities.. .. 8414 84 841 A 84%
New 314 per Cent. Anns 84tAy/8% 841/2
Long Anns. to expire Jan. 1860 ... 8% 7-16 81/
Ditto 30 years, Jan. 5, 1860.... 83/4% 8%
India Bonds, 1,0001.
Ditto under 1,000/. .. ......
South Sea Stock
Consols for Account B4lil/4 84 84 IA 841/2
Exchequer Bills. 3d.
1,000/.
5001
Small
ONE CLOSING
O'CLOCK PRICES

RICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS.
Brazilian Bonds
Ditto, Small 77%
Danish Bonds, 1825, 3 per Cent —
Dutch 21,E per Cent.
Grenada Bonds, 1 per Cent.
Ditto, Deferred —
Mexican, 5 per Cent. 1846 —
Di tt o, Account 15%%
Portuguese 5 per Cents.
Ditto, 4 per Cent 21%
Spanish 5 per Cent. 1840.
Ditto, 3 per Cent 27% 27%
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Dutch, 2% per Cent., 12 Guild 53% 54 53
Ditto. 4 per Cent. Certificates 827183/ 823/
PRICES OF PAID. BUSINESS DONE CLOSING
RAILWAY SHARES "AT ONE O'CLOCK. PRICES,
• -

Aberdeen
Amber., Nott., Boston,
and"Eastem Junction 2%
Ayrshire and Galloway.. 2% —
Belfast & County Down 10
Birmingham and Ox-
ford Junction
Birmingham, Wolver-
hampton, and Dudley 10 ... .. 131/2
Birming., Wolverlepton,
and Stour Valley ... .. 8 ...... 6
Birkenhead, Lancashire,
and Cheshire June.— 73/4
Boston, Stamfd, & Birm. 5
Bristol and Exeter 75
Ditto, Thirds
Buckinghamshire 101. 4s — ... ..... .......
Caledonian
Ditto, Half Shares..... 33/4
Ditto, Clydesdale June 50 —
Chester and Holyhead... 371 A 20%
Ditto, Preference 8
Clarence 7B,A
Do. Ist Class, 6 per Ct. 10
Do. 2d Class, 5 per Ct. 10
Do. Government Loan,
4 per Cent..
Dublin and BelfastJunc. 20
Dundalk & Enniskillen 15
East Anglia, 25/., L. &
E. and L. and D....... 25
Do., 18/., E. & 11.... 18
' Do. 31. 10s., E. &H. 1
Eastern Counties
Ditto, Perpetual, 5 per
Cent, No. 1....... 6/. 13s. 4d... IA dis l4 dis
Ditto ditto, No. 2... 6/. 13s. 4d... 3/4 % % dis 3/4 dis
Do., York Extension.. 10 ...... 8% 8 7%
Do., North. & Eastern 50
Do., Quarters
Do., New
Eastern Union 5O .. ... ...... .. ...
Ditto, Quarter Shares 12%
Ditto, Thirds ... l3s. 4d
Do., (guar. 6 percent) - •.••••••• •••••
East Lancashire
Ditto, New

Ditto, New Quarters... 33/4
East Lincolnshire
Edinburgh and Glasgow 50
Ditto Half Shares 15

Ditto, Quarter Shares 12% —
Edinburgh & Northern.. 20
Ditto, New
Ditto, Newport .....
Ditto, ditto, New . .... 1 % —
Ex eter:Yeovil, & Dorch. 2%
Ditto, New
Glasgow Dumfries, and
Carlisle B/. 6s. 8d
Glasgow, Kilmar., & Ayr 50 ......
Ditto, New .. 40 . —
Do. Preference Consol. 12%......
Great Northern 8
Do., London and York 2%.....
Great South. and West
(Ireland)
IreatNorthof England..100
Ditto, New 40/.
Ditto, New 30/. 3O
Ditto, New 151 ll/2 — .
ireat Western......
Ditto, % Shares .. 50
Ditto, 1,4 Shares
Ditto, Fifths
Ditto, New 17/ ... 7
Huddersfield & blanches. 22

Ditto, Thirds
Hull and Selby 5O .. ... 981/2 98 .. ..... . 98
Ditto, half Shares 25
Ditto, IA Shares-- .. 12%
Ipswich & Bury St. Edm. 15 , .....
Do., do., and Norwich 15
Do., do., Extens. Scrip
(late Camb. & Ely) 24 ......
Lancaster and Carlisle... 50
Ditto, Thirsts .. 10
Lancashire & Yorkshire 93
Ditto, ditto
Ditto.'. Shares . ... 38
5
Do. Quarter Shares.— 141
Do. Fifths 6%..... 6% 6%
Do. Sixteenths ...... .. 614
Do. Thirds (Reg.)....101. 48. ... 6% 6 dis. 6 dis.
Do. Liverp. and Bury 34
Ditto % (late Hud-
dersfield and Sheff.) 33
Do.( Wakefield, Ponte-
fract. & Goole
Do. (W. Riding Union) 4i. 2s 2% dis 2% dis.
Do. (Preston Sc Wyre) 25
Do. % Shares (A) 9
Ditto ditto (B) ...
..1%

Ditto
Leeds and Bradford. o- B7
Leicester and Bedford... 16s. ......
Leeds, Dewsbury, &c.... 37%
Do., Branch 1/2 Shares 12%..
Do. New Branch(blue)
Do. Extension (green) 21/2..
. . ••• •••

J. -
Do.NewExtenjpink) 2il/2 — ........,
Leeds and Thirsk 36
Ditto, New 17% — ..•••••• ••••.
Do., Prefer., 6 per Ct. 3%.

Liverpool, Crosby and
Southport .... .......... 2
Liverp., Mnchstr& New
castle Junction 21,x......
London and Blackwall..l6/. 13e. 4d. ...
Do. New, No. 1
Do. New, No. 2 .. 31. 13s. 4d....
Do. Extension l5
London, Brighton, and
South Coast SO
Do. Consol. Eighths.. 30
Do. Guarant. 5 per ct. 9
Do. Pref. Con. 5 per ct. 50 .....• 46% ... ........... 46%
Lyndon and Greenwich 121 15s 4d

Ditto, Preference ... 18/1;s 2d...
Loudon and N. Western 100 152% 152 153... 154
Do., Quarters L. &B. 17
Do., d0., New
Ditto Fifths
Do. LA Shares (G. J.) 25
Do 40/.Shares(L.M.) 15
Do. 40/. (M. & B.) ... 40
Do. 10/. (M- & B.) A. 7%
Do. 10/. (M. & B.) B. 7%
Do. 10/. M. & B.) C. 1 ...... 5
Lond. & S.Western 411. 61:. 8d..... 551/
Do. New ConsoL Bths 40 .
Do. New 50/. ..... 32 Vz
Do. New 401........._ . 26 .
Do. Tenths (Consul.) 50 ...... 50 494
Ditto ditto .... 40
Ditto, Thirds ......• 133. 4d —
London, Salisbury, and
Yeovil ...... • ••• 11h ••••••
Londonderry &Culeraine 27%.
Londonderry and Ennis-
killen ......

~.. 59