The Sun.
London, England, 1840-08-11 00:00:00

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.

The Great North of England Railway Company,
it is expected, will open their line from Darlington to
York in October next.—Guteshead Observer.
The branch of the York and North Midland Rail-
way to Methley, by which passengers will be conveyed
from Leeds to York, as far as that town, is open to
the public.—Sheffield Independent.
At the half-yearly meeting of the proprietors of
shares in the York and North Midland Railway, held
at York on Monday week, it was agreed to appropriate
5001. for the purpose of making a survey of a line of
road from York to Scarborough. Mr. Stephenson said
he was quite satisfied it would be an extremely cheap
line to make.— Sheffield Independent.
The engine and tender of the North Midland Rail-
way lately ran ten miles in eight minutes, being at the
rate of 76 miles per hour.—Hull Advertiser.
It is in contemplation to form a branch of railway
from Barnsley to the Cudworth station, a distance-of
about 2f miles. Application has been made to the
holders of property near to the May Day-green (where
it is expected the railway will commence), for that pur-
pose.—Aelield Iris.
We understand, from undoubted authority, that
every exertion is now making to open the Taff Vale
line as speedily as possible, and that, in fact, the car-
riages will very • shortly be ready to convey passengers
from Cardiff to Newbridge.—Cambrian.
The trains on the Birmingham and Gloucester rail-
way are to begin next week to run by night as well as
by day ; on that account gaslights are now being laid
down along the line.—Cheltenham Free Press.
On Saturday last, en experimental trip was made on
part of the unopened line of the: Manchester and Leeds
Railway, for •the distance of sixteen miles, commencing
at Hebden-bridge and continuing to Bradley-wood,
near Mirfield.----411anohester Guardian.
No official announcement of the opening of the
Great Western Railway, between this city and Bath,
has been issued, but it is currently reported that it
will take place previous to the annual meeting, which
will be held on Thursday, the 27th instant.—Bristol
Mercury.
We give in another column some interesting statistics
of railway legislation, being a return to an order of the
House of Commons, on the motion of Lord Robert
Grosvenor. It will be seen that in the course of the
last ten years, a sum of nearly sixty-three millions ster-
ling has been authorised to be raised under various
Acts; and although a large proportion of that amount
is of course still ancalled for, the fact of so much
capital having been risked in railway speculation, speaks
strongly in favour of British enterprise. A comparison
of the number of Bills brought in, and Acts obtained,
in the several years from 1830 to 1840, will afford
matter for curious speculation. The number of new
undertakings brought forward appears to have been
largest in 1836, and to have been nearly double the-
number of the following year. During th last three
Sessions the Acts obtained have been almost exclusively
to amend and enlarge the powers of former Acts.—
Railway Times. .
POST-HORSE DUTIES.—From a return to an order
of the House of Commons (just issued), on the subject
of the post-hOrse ditties, as - moved .for by Sir R. H.
In,glis, it appears that there has been a decrease to the
amount of 13„9461., in the produce of these duties, for '
the yeitr ending the sth January, 184.0; as compared
'with-. that 'eliding, on' the sth January, 1839. The
gross receipts, in .the London district during tie six
months ,ending ,the sth January, 1838, 1839, and 1840,
were respectively 12',327/:, 11,926 E, aril 10,7181. On
'tlifflitte of the Lthitian'ancl Birmingham Railway during,
the same periods the amounts were 13,4681,, 11,5051.,
and 9,6811. It appears from an accompanying return
that. the total amount of the mileage and composition
for duties on -railwaY,earriages and on stage coaches
was, for the year ending sth January, 1837, 514,0391. ;
.sth ,January, 1838, 499,086/. ; sth January, 1839,,
494,138/. ; and sth January, 1840, 467,1931. The 1
rally* mileage duty has, of course, increased in
amount during these periods, while the stage carriage.
duty has diminished. The former cexclusive of compo-
sition) was, in these periods respectively, 9,0971.,
14,636/., 36,251/., and 70,837/.; the latter 514,039/.,
499,0861, 494,138/., 494,1381., and 497,1931. It is
only within the last two years that a composition has
been allowed in.respeet of stage carriages, and then but
to a very trifling extent.
It would appear from a notice in. the Whitehaven He-
ra/44_4 the promoters of the. proposed Morecambe_
istifßail*iii; although 'the decision of the Commissioners
has been 'unfa6urable to their project-as 'part of the
, great •iine,,to.Seetla;ad,,are endeavouring to carry into'
effpcta smaller ungertaking. It is proposed to form a
railway commencing at the' West side of Moreesmbe
BaY,;to follow 'the' line proposed by ,Mr.. Hague .via
.Whitehaven, and; to join the Maryport and Carlisle
Railway--7steareers to,ply, across the mouth of More-
cambe Bay, between the tertilini of the Presto'n hnd
Wyre and the' West Coast lines. Steamers at present
sail daily between the ports of ,Ulverston assd Fleetwood,
and meet the railway trains at the latter place. " From
the vast number' of passengers," says our Contemporary,
" who daily arrive and depart, we have every confidence
in the proposition ; in fact it is now the most eligible
mode of travelling. Persons leaving Ulverston may, in
the short space of four hours, arrive either at Liverpool
or Manchester, and may reach the metropolis in about
ten hours." The scheme certainly seems. worthy of
being further inquired into.—Railway Times.

CONSECRATION OF THE ARCH-

BISHOP OF PARIS.

The ceremony of the consecration of the Archbishop
of Parii took place on Thursday, at the Church of
Notre Dame. At as early an hour as seven o'clock
the doors of the church were opened to persons having
tickets, and in a short time several thousands were pre-
sent. The following personages, amongst others who had
reserved seats, entered successively, viz., the Ministers of
the Interior and Public Instruction, the Prefects of the
Seine and Police, the members of the municipal council,
the mayors and deputy mayors of the city of Paris, the sub-,
prefects of Saint-Denis and Sceaus, the members of the
General Council of Hospices, the committees of various
charitable establishments, &c. After the Cardinal
Bishop of Arras had taken his seat, as consecrator,
attended by the Bishops of Meaux and Versailles,
the Archbishop elect read a long formula of the oath
taken on these occasions. The Cardinal then inter-
rogated him in the usual manner, and the Archbishop
being clad in his proper robes, the service proceeded.
While the litanies were chanted, the Archbishop
elect remained prostrated before the altar with his face
on the ground, and then took his place at the feet of
the Cardinal, who placed the Gospels open on the
shoulders of the new Archbishop,. The " Veni
Creator " was then sung, which was.followed by grand
mass, and during this the formalities of the consecration
commenced. These formalities over, the Archbishop
received from the consecrating Prelate the pontifical
dress and the pallium. After the consecration and the
prayers prescribed for the occasion, the enthronement took
place in the choir, and Te Deurn was sung. On quitting
the choir, the Archbishop, accompanied by all the
Metropolitan Chapter, went to the .great door of
the church, bestowing his benedictions as he passed.
He then ' returned to his scat, and received with
all the congregation the pontifical benediction of the
Cardinal Conservator. The clergy then quitted
the places which they had occupied during the cere-
mony, and conducted the Archbishop in procession
to the sacristy. The ceremony lasted altogether three
hours. The prelates present, besides those mentioned
above, were M. Garibaldi, Papal Internuncio ; the
Bishop of Orleans ; Dr. Murphy, Bishop of COrk ;
the Bishops elect of Vclerice and Quimper ; the Atch-
bishop of Chalcedonic ; and the late Bishops of Beau-
vais and ajon. • . „
" The Archbishop of Paris has published a pastoral
letter on occasion of his consecration: The Prelate
strongly recommends the clergy in this document to con-
fine themselves strictly to their spiritual duties.
"Previous to the ceremony of Thursday there had not
been a consecration of an Archbishop of Paris for two cal.:
tulies ; all the prelates who during that period were trans-
lated to the metropolitan see having been previously
of the order 'of Bishops. Jean • Francois; de Gondy,
first Archbishop of Paris, was consecrated at Notre
Dame on the 19th February, 1623. His coadjutor,
Jean Francois- Paul de Gondy, was consecrated Arch-
bishop of Corinth on the 21st of January, 1644. All
the succeeding Archbishops came to the see of Faris
alt eady. consecrated.

To all persons. afflicted with deafness the Voice
Conductors invented by Mr. E. So'onions, 1, Old Jecv•ry,
City, and 36, Old Bond-street, will be found delightful as-
sistants: The vibrating quality of the metal of which_ they
are formed, enable thoeo using them to distinguish; musical
sounds and the voice of a distant speali'ar in church, theatre,
er public assembly. They pessess the further advantages of,
measuring only one-quarter. of an inch in diameter, remain
stationary in the ears, and cannot be perceived by the
nearest bystander. Mi.' E. 'S.'a Patent Spectacles are far
superior in preserving the . sight to cztrone old age than
any now in use. The eyes are never fatigued from theit.
adoption:"' They are invalfiabklcrailltbnse whose vision is
impaired by the use of faulty or kuPr°Pcr- spectacles, are
particularly servicea'Ae to persons engaging their sight either
in road ing,writini, draWing;Sze• , by day or candle light.' The
patronage of the Royal Family, Nobility, and, the principal
of the high medical authorities is, sufficient proof ot'their
superiority, -

PRICE sd.

THE SYRIAN INSURRECTION.

" The folloWing transcript of a memorial addressed by
the insurgent mountaineers of Lebanon to the Emir
Ervin, on the 11th of June, 1840, is published by the
Echo de l'Orient of the 18th ult. :
" You know, as well as the Emit' Bechir, your august
father, the tyranny which has weighed upon the inha-
bitants of Mount Lebanon, and the vexatious and
heavy taxes with which they have been burdend ever
since Mehemet Ali governed their country.
We were the first to submit to him, our soldiers
Went with his own to wage war at Damascus, Tripoli,
and Hama ; and when the revolts of Saphet, .Nebolos,
Hebron, and of the Matualis, successively occurred, it
was they who, under the Emir Bechir, suppressed them
by beating the insurgents, and reducing them under the
power of the Paella. Those services induced us to
hope for some alleviation of our sufferings ; but, by
way of recompensing us, he seized on our arms, made
forced levies of men in our country, and overwhelmed
us with evils, .of which the account cannot be heard
without a feeling of horror.
' When we failed to pay the taxes, our women were
laid hold of, and, after being unmercifully beaten, they
were suspended by the arms from trees, and left hanging
until the whole was paid. The families of such of our
brethren a's" had fallen while fighting the very battles of
his Highness were compelled to pay the taxes to which
the deceased were subjected during their lifetime.
" When coal-mines were discovered in the mountains,
we were obliged to work them at our own expense,
without any salary, and we had moreover to provide our-
selves with the tools indispensable for the purpose.
Soldiers were placed over us to superintend the works,
who held their sticks constantly raised over the unhappy
miners. The carriage of the coal was to be effected by
us, and at our cost ; of the money we laid out in pur-
chasing tools, timber, bags, &c., only onelfourth was
refunded, and the sums which we paid for the mainte-
nance of the emirs and the boulouk bongus, or over-
, seers of the works, were never taken into account.
" While building the lazaretto we were treated in a
precisely similar manner. It would be too long to enu-
merate all- the horiible vexations we have endured, and
'which you know as well as we do ; they, have reduced
us to the miserable condition of the Egyptian fellabs,
and, like them, we are igneminiously driven with the
stick.

" Additional contributions have been laid on our
mills ; the masons, carpenters, locksmiths, in short, all the
operati/es the Government required, have been seized
and removed to St. Jean d'Acre and to the quarantine.
"We are ruined and ill-treated ; we have neither •
cattle nor money left ; our children have been pressed
and incorporated with the regUlar militia (nizam) ; our
crops, after paying the taxes, are••inadequate to our
support ; our beasts of burden are continually ordered
for public service, and we obliged to drive them ; to free
ourselves from that tyranny we have repeatedly thrown
thew down precipices, when we could not secretly part
with them for whatever price we could get.
" Not long since, when exactions and war visited our
biethren in the Haouran, the Government gave us
arms, and sent us to subdue them, which we did on two
occasions.. We lost. many men in that unjust war, which
we made against our inclinations and with the sole hopa
of Obtaining some redress of our grievances after pacify-
ing the country. We have been shamefully deceived,
and, besides our losses in men, those expeditions cost us
2,000 purses (250,000 talaris).
Finally, now that we are ruined, that out brothers
and sons are no more, that wo groan in bondage, and
that the excess of our sufferings render them intolerable,
we, have resolved on seeking a refuge in death, or reco-
vering our liberty,. and we aecordintly have risen in
arms against eur,oppressors.

" we. Are. ready., to, submit a,ncl„ return ,to our
allegiance ! our intention is not to assert our inde-
pendence, bUC merely to' Shake Off the 'yoke which
has been imposed 'upon 'us. •Wc are' 'determined
hereafter to pay only the tax of .3nizi on our landed
,property. Once our demands shall have been acceded
to, and when the vexations, conscriptions, forced labour,
Sic., unknown is the-country previous to the Egyptian
domination, shall have been abolished, we will submit ;
but, as we have learned, to our cost, not to trust to the
word and written engagements of his Highness, we shall
lay down our arms only after those conditions shall have
been guaranteed to us by the agents of England and
France, in order, should those treaties not be faithfully
and punctually executed, that we may appeal to the
mediating Powers, and obtain justice from them.

" We shall remain where we are until we receive
your reply. If it be conformable to our demands, we
shall all return to our homes. If not, we are deter-
mined to die sooner_than submit to the condition under
which we laboured previous to the insurrection. You
are not.aware of our position and resolution. Let the
authorities judge and decide. _

'•• 7 " Your slave's,
" THE INHABITANTS OF THE MOUNTAINS."

TRADE WITH CHINA.

, A collection of the memorials addressed to Govern-
ment by the merchants interested -in the trade with
China has been laid before Parliament, of which the
memorial of the Committee of the London East India
and China Association to Lord Palmerston last No-
vember is the most important, as, according to to the
assurance of that Society in the Report, published
about the beginning of this year, the greatest pains
were taken to obtain the opinion of persons familiar
with the Chinese trade before that Cornmittee gave
their sentiments to the Secretary for Foreign Affairs.
Hence the memorial may be considered to embrace
the opinions of practical men on the subject of our
position with China, and hence the following analysis
is given :—ln the first place, the memorialists, while
touching on the subject of opium, express their con-
viction that it is unjust to throw blame on the mer-
chants connected with the opium trade, when the
Committees of both Houses had declared, after mature
deliberation, and with a full knowledge of the subject
—those committees and their witnesses consisting of
all parties and of men of the highest moral character
—that it did not appear desirable to abandon so im-
portant a branch of revenue. In further support of
this opinion they adduced the connivance of the Can-
ton authorities, who had given the merchants to un-
derstand that the Government would be satisfied at
the mere removal of the opium vessels from Whampoa
Bay, and this exonerated them from culpability. At
the same time the memorialists are no advocates for
the continuance of a trade formally protested against
by the Chinese Government, but aro of opinion that,
if the Chinese persist in prohibiting the import, the
traders must be left to Chinese laws, and cannot call
on their own Government to assist them. To show
that one of the chief grounds of resistance by the Chi-
nese to the opium trade was the exportation of silver,
the memorialists give the following statement :
From July 1, 1837, to the 30th of June, 1838, the
exports from China were—

Tea 59,561,576
Silk
Other articles

At 55. per dollar, 12,589,924=£3,147,481
Paid for by British manufactures,
Metals £ 620,114
Cottons 1,640,781

Opium
----X5,637,052

Giving a balance against China of X 2,489,57 t
which it is clearly seen is chiefly produced by the pre-
ponderating, item of opium.
Turning their attention from a trade which it is
probable may never be legalized, and must be carried
on at the greatest risk, the memorialists consider how
best to protect the trade in British metals and manufac-
tures,•which is about 1,250,0001. per annum, and the
trade . between British India and China, which is
about 2,000,0001., both being susceptible of exten-
sion. Tea costs nearly 3,000,000/. per annum, and the
prohibition of opium as a medium, of purchase is
thought likely to cause a partial receursc,.to silver by
the purchasers of tea aad silk ; but still, considering the
probable extension of the trade, the memorialists claim
the protection of Government, and,. to show hotweit
vmay
t
be best afforded, point out.the.circumstances of the trade
since it was thrown open in 18;34.
During the existence of the monopoly h
India" Corripany derived all its commercial profits from
the, CiomPanY, to, keep in , stock a certain
the China trade, whnileentchee ptroovitshioenms offitieheLe&islat r
nf
teen'
tcirletitclea'unittrieetaY4' . °ttradt eea:w as -a matter' of vital c
ai i `stoppagelnt p
oo n r tao o f
dby threatening
and hence, although the Committee at
atotteT.iptitieddrawto, isltei;nidgaetneertaliTy Chineseeontrive
to avoid an
'open rupture, and this policy was approved by the
Court of Directors at home.
forbidden
the
merchantt o
at
the
From personal motives
the Co npany's Committee were
trade of their masters ; but
Canton being a free agent,
he will leave the country
now
bile,nles the trade being proteetedi n his comfort, position, and safety,
. under
representative of the the protection of a
Crown,company of insultsmerchwhaniet,
chsnihrilegahyt
have been endured by a
consulting their interests,. must be resented by the
the
eieetenn oufiinaatgiroenat nation. The change,
ofn the monopoly, 'sincen n
ot
and th?, memorialists oonsider aits.tmhteohsettrreaferea
be put on a smure basis until ane ettlement of
the relations ,between W.
4-
. important,
veen . Great Britain and China be
i grounded on EurOpean principles. -The prejudices
of the Chinese, 'who ' regard ' foreigners .as of infe-
rior race.' )to rthemselves, and , only allow them
to reside. in Ciaina upon sufferanoe,,present a great dif-

I .'

• •