The Sun.
London, England, 1824-06-21 00:00:00

THE MARKETS.

CORN EXCHANGE, Juwa 21.
The quantities of Corn that arrived last eveck were tolerably
good ; and although the fresh supply of this morning is sot
large, yet with the quantities remaining over from the last
week, there was a good she!, of samples of nearly all
kinds of grain to-day. Prime dry parcels of 'Wheat
command, as heretofore, a free sale, and last week's prices
are fully maintained ; but
i all other qualities are dull, end
rather cheaper ; Barley s scarce at present, and rather
day serer; Beans and Peas fully support the quotations of this
l 'nnight ; Oats of fine quality meet buyers readily,
and obtain rather better terms; but other kinds sell very
slowly. There is scarcely any demand for Flour, except
such as is fresh made. Rape-seed is very dull, and lower in
price.
ARRIVALS OF LAST WEnll.—English Wheat, 6,623; Bar-
ley, 252 ; Malt, 4,072 1,326 ; Pease,
229 ; Irish Oats, 3,085 q;
uOarattesr,s ,3F9l lo
u; r
,8678n456,
sacks.

AVEXAGE PRICE OF COIO/ IN ENOLAND AND WALES,
Wheat, IN THE WEEK ENniso Juice 12.
38s. 9d. ; Beans, 395. ld. ; Peas, 395. ld.
635. 7d. ; Barley, 335. fid. ; Oats, 265. 11d.; Rye,
The Average Price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, computed
from the Returns made in the Week ending the 16th day of
June, 1824, is 295. 64d. Per cwt.
SMITHFIELD MARKET, Jtiic 21.
The following is an accurate Report of the numbers and
prices at Smithfield Market this morning:—
CATTLE AT MARKET.
Beasts .................... ... 242 G I Sheep and Lambs ... 18880
Calves ........................ 315 I Pigs
To sink the Offal, per stone of 811).
Beef 3s fkl to 4s Ge. I Veal 4s Od to 5s 6d
Mutton 3s 10d to 4s 6d I Pork 4s Od to 5s Od
Lamb 5s Od to 6s Od.
STAY AND STRAW, PER LOAD.
Hay £4 Os to £6 Os (Clover £4 lOs to £6 Gs
Straw .......£2 Os to £2 10s.

We have authority to tstate, that S. R. Lusn-
INGToN, Esq., M. P., has declined accepting the
appointment of Governor of Bombay, and that
the situation has consequently devolved upon Sir
JOHN IgAr.cot,m, who will, it is understood,
forthwith proceed to take upon him the Govern-
ment of that important part of our East India
possessions. This was finally arranged during
the last Week.—(Kent Herald.)

THE LONDON JOURNALS.

DAILY
Extracts from the Morning Papers, June 21.

IMORNINO CHRONICLE.]
We have seen an interesting communication on
the subject of some recent discoveries in New
South Wales and the present state of that
colony, with which the arrival of a vessel has fur-
nished us. It will be seen from it that the outlet
of a much larger river than any yet discovered
has been found in Moreton Bay, about the lati-
tude of The indefatigable Mr. Oxley has
sounded it for 50 miles from its mouth, and from
an eminence he saw its course for 30 or 40 miles
further. It flows through a rich well-wooded
country ; it has usually from three to,nine fathoms
water; the tide runs at the rate of four miles an
hour, and rises four feet and a half at the point
to which he penetrated. As it came from the south-
west, in the direction of the Macquarrie marshes,
Mr.Oxley supposed this the outlet of the Macquar-
rie River. Another river, of tolerable magnitude,
called the T weed, was discovered a little to the
southward of it, with a fine bar harbour of 14
feet ; and a smaller river called the Boyne was
also found in Port Curteis. The discovery of the
first of these rivers cannot fail to prove of im-
mense advantage to this colony, more especially
if it turn out to be the outlet of the Macquarrie.
Our readers will be gratified to find that improve-
ments of every kind were multiplying in the co-
lony, that a stage coach, for instance, with four
horses, runs daily between the towns of
Sydney and Paramatta, and that a handsome
two-horse spring caravan, fitted up for
passengers, also runs bet ween these places.
—They were paying so well, that a second
caravan was preparing to run between Sydney
and Paramatta, a third between Paramatta and
Liverpool, and a stage coach between Paramatta
and Windsor, so that travellers could proceed in
daily stages to all the well settled parts of the
colony. It is strange, indeed, to see civilization
making these rapid strides in a region which a
few years ago was a wilderness, and between
which and ourselves such an immensity of space
intervenes, while Ireland, from which the freight
of a human being to this island is only three-
pence, is, with
_the exception of part of Ulster,
in as savage a state as it was in when first in-
vaded by the English. Time friends of Barron
Field, Esq., the Judge of the Supreme Court,
will be glad to learn that he and his Lady have
arrived by the Competitor.

A letter from Paris, dated June 18, says—
" The opposition to the plans of M. de Villele
increases every day. A majority of Council of
Ministers have agreed to unite and obtain some
concession from the President to the opinion of
the Royalists, which was growing more hostile
to him every day. It was in consequence settled
that M. de Talaru should be Minister for Fo-
reign Affairs, because this Ambassador was con-
sidered as the only French Diplomatist tho-
roughly acquainted with the state of affairs in
Spain. M. de Villele was, accordingly, intreated
to give him the vacant place, but he refused, and
offered his resignation, pretending that it was
necessary the Cabinet should consist entirely of
his creatures. The King refused to accede to
his proposition, and required that M. de Talaru
should obtain a seat in the Counsel. Here the
matter rests at present."—(ltid)

[BRITISH PRESS.]
Yesterday we received intelligence by the
Hamburgh Mail to a late date. By a letter from
the Russian capital, we learn that important
changes have lately been made in the department
of Ecclesiastical Affairs and Public Instruction.
Prince Golyzin has (it is said, at his own request)
retired from the Presidency of the Department,
and made way for Admiral Schischkow as his
successor. The new Minister has also had con-
fided to him tl►e supreme direction of those re-
ligious communitie,, which dissent from the
Greek Church. Prince Golyzin, by an Ukase
of the 29th ultimo, addressed to the Synod,
has likewise been removed from the direc-
tion of the Ecclesiastical Schools ; and a fur-
ther change has been effected in the Depart-
ment of Public Instruction, by an order of the
Emperor, that the Synod shall in future conduct
its own affairs, without being controulled by the
Minister. Several other officers have shared the
fate of Prince Golyzin, in being discharged from
their posts in the Department. These changes
created considerable interest in St. Petersburgh,
but no reason is assigned for them in ouFadvices.
It is affirmed in several German Papers that the
Emperor of Russia will not leave his dominions
this year, and that there is no truth in the report
of a conference being appointed to take place be-
tween his Majesty and the Emperor of Austria.

LMORNING POST.]
The House of Lords sat on Saturday, when
the Bill for permitting the Duke of Norfolk, as
Earl Marshal, to perform the duties of that
office without taking the oath of supremacy, was
read a second time. The division which took
place on this occasion was not upon the principle
of the measure, and as its simplicity seems to
preclude the possibility of mistake in its provi-
sions, we presume it will pass into a law without
further opposition. The moment chosen by
Lord Holland for introducing the Bill is cer-
tainly propitious, but if the melancholy event
which we allude to had not occurred, we still
'think the proposition would not have encountered
any serious resistance in either House of Parlia-
ment. During the discussion on the Bills re-
cently brought in by the Marquis of Lans-
down, one of which included the present provi-
sion, the staunchest supporters of the Protestant
Constitution in Church and State expressed a
disposition to concede this point, if introduced in
a separate form. The office of Earl Marshal, it
was justly observed, gave no
political power, and
therefore by its exercise no prejudice could
happen to our venerated establishmentsi
yForproved our
own parts, steadfastas we have uuiforol
ourselves in defence of the Protestant Institu-
'ions of the country, we on this very account
feel glad at the adoption of such
measures
as the

one now before the House of Lords. Catholics'
who conscientiously adhere to the tenets of their
religion, and thus exclude themselves from
the Chil benefits of the Constitution, how-
ever galling the privation, cannot possibly
entertain hostile sentiments against Protest-
ants, whose opposition to Catholic claims
arises from motives equally pure as the at-
tachment of Catholics to their own peculiar wor-
ship. Now the sincerity of this opposition is in
our opinion illustrated by the concession of pri-
vileges which do not come within the pale of po-
litical power ; and a proof thereby exhibited that
where no state of necessity exists for continuing,
exclusion, neither religious bigotry nor civil pre-
judice operates upon the mind of the Protestant
against the Catholic part of the community. The
tendency of Lord Holland's 13111, therefore, is to
raise the character of the English people—to
spew their real liberality as well as their con-
scientious devotion to Protestantism—and on
these grounds we wish it success.

[NEW Tr:um]
The publisher of that brutal libel on our late
venerable Monarch, Lord Bliron's Vision of
Judgment, received on Saturday the punishment
for his offence. The Counsel for the prosecu-
tion humanely expressed a wish that the judg-
ment might not be such as to press with unneces-
sary severity on the defendant ; and the Court,
acting fully in the spirit of that recommendation,
sentenced him merely to pay a fine of a hundred
pounds, and give security for his good be-
haviour for five years to come. We trust this
knit v will have a due effect on the mind of the
offender ; and more especially that he will take
warning by what Mr. Justice Bailey said in pass-
ing the sentence. The publisher had foolishly
intimated that he meant to republish this vile pro-
duction, omitting only the passages proceeded
against on the present occasion ; but the Learned
Judge warned him that he would do so at his
peril, as it might happen that there were other
passages in the work which might become the
subjects of future prosecution. For our part, we
hardly know a stanza of it that would not he
disgusting to any mind of common decency ; and,
taken altogether, it is the most odious mixture of
vulgarity and blasphemy that ever disgraced the
English press. The publisher, therefore, we
earnestly hope, will not insult religion and mu.
rality by ever again committing a single line of
so infamous and detestable a work to the press.

When his Grace the Archbishop of Canter-
bury laid before Parliament the last Report of
the Commissioners for building New Churches,
he stated, that besides the Churches built and
building under the former grant, applications had
been made (with a view to the proposed grant)
for seventy new Churches (not seven as errone-
ously printed), and that these, if carried into ex-
ecution, would occupy more than the addi-
tional 500,000/. We learn that the number of
Churches already completed is 26 ; those in
progress, 44; those for which the plans are
still under consideration, 18 ; and those for
which the plans are not yet given in, 10; in all,
08. Add to these the 70 mentioned by the Arch-
bishop, and for which the applications are most
urgent, and the whole number will be 168 ; be-
ing more than the number previously existing in
either of the following Dioceses—Durham, Ely,
Carlisle, Bangor, St. Asaph, or Rochester.—

[MORNING HERALD.]
One of the Paris Liberal Journals has in-
dulged itself in a fine-drawn speculation of a
certain compromise which it supposes has taken
place between England and Russia. England, it
is said, was anxious beyond measure for a trade
with the new States of America, now become in-
dependent ; but Russia, as the guardian of the
" Monarchical principle," as it is called, was
hostile to their independence. Now England,
which, it seems, likes circuitous courses, began
by relaxing her system in favour of the Greeks.
But the Emperor of Russia, who has his eye upon
a Protectorate of the Morea and Archipelago,
would be foiled by their independence; and in
order to save the chance of attaining her ends in
Greece, has accepted from England the sacrifice
of the Turks, and given up the Monarchical
principle in return. We give this profound spe-
culation as we find it—observing only, that if the
Greeks are fortunate and brave enough to resist
the Turks with success (and this is the only true
title to independence in their case), it is not
likely that Russia would dare attempt to reim-
pose even the name of Turkish sovereignty upon
them. A note of Lord Strangford to the Turkish
Minister, of which the text is apocryphal, and
the date wholly doubtful, forms the basis of the
reasoning to which we have been alluding.

[THE TntEs.
We are not sorry that Government has under-
taken the improvement of the Special Jury sys-
tem ; but at the same time we think that their
proceedings in the matter should be viewed with
a degree of jealousy. Mr. Peel stated with
truth, that a prejudice existed against Special
Juries; but in reality it is the Constitution
itself which instils this prejudice ; for Spe-
cial Juries are not allowed by the Constitu-
tion in cases of the greatest importance—in
felonies and murders. The subject may, there-
fore, justly entertain a suspicion of those of
whom the law entertains a suspicion, special jury-
men being persons precisely in that situation of
life on whom the influence of the Crown may be
supposed most likely to operate. They are
placd high enough in society to be within the
range of ministerial patronage ; and we believe
as a matter of. fact, that there are very few, if
special jurymen, any, who may not be found,
either in their own persons or in that of
some one of their relatives, to be in the
enjoyment, or expectation, or hope, of some
place or office dependent on the will of the
Sovereign ; and we leave it to common
sense to decide, whether men ought to be
allowed to try a cause between two parties,
one of which parties they have an evident in-
terest in obliging, or a dread of offending.
Whilst the common juryman can have nothing to
expect in the discharge of his duty but the satis.

Eying his conscience that he decides rightly, his
station places him at too great a distance from
the Crown to share its favours : it therefore
as rarely occurs in his case, as it happens fre-
quently in that of the special juryman, that he
either enjoys or expects any thing from the
Crown. b 9 r. Peel, it will have been observed,
stated, that " no persons in the country were
more anxious to have the system amended, than
those gentlemen who attended in the courts in
the capacity of special jurors." This testimony
is certainly creditable to the persons of whom it
speaks, but does it not also discover a very sin-
gular fact, totally at variance with the Constitu-
tion—namely, that there is a body of men, hav-
ing an interest, as. it were, in the office of
special juryship, Of we may coin such a
word in order to express a new idea), or to
whom that office appertains as a matter of
right or custom ? We know what is meant by
the Bench and the Bar; each of those terms com-
prise a definite body of men, peculiarly edu-
cated, and carrying peculiar privileges about with
them; and to these, we suppose, we may now
add, the Box. The Bench, the Bar, and the
Box; meaning by the first the Judges, by the
second the Advocates, and by the last the Special
Jurymen—not those only who are in Court upon
any individual cause (as by the Bar we do not
mean the Advocates only who plead upon that
cause), but the whole body of Special Jurymen
in or out of Court. Now this, we say, is a totally
new discovery, that there should be such an order
of men.

MR. GOURLAY.

LETTER, from MR. GOURLAY to the SPEAKER.

Stu—According to your orders, I am visited daily by one or
two doctors—the same who reported me of unsound mind. I
trust before the end of the Session they will recant, and report
me quite the reverse. That they may know me the better, I
talk to them freely, and am sorry that there is not a window
in my breast for them to see my heart, instead of judging by
conversation only. They have not yet handled my head,
and unless they ask leave, I shall believe them to have
more sense than mere phrenologists. As it is an establish-
ed fact that " great wit to madness is allied," we shall not
quarrel because of the first report. It was very like the act of a
madman to whip a Member of your Honourable mouse within
the threshold ; but so were a hundred deeds of greater men
than your prisoner—to say nothing of those of him who should
be our example in all things. I was, Sir, from infancy, of a
sanguine, speculative, and enthusiastic temperament ; and the
concatenation of events conspired to heighten this. Just now
six years ago, after being most cruelly, most unjustly, most
illegally, and most unnecessarily imprisoned for six months, I
was still more cruelly, unjustly, illegally, and unnecessarily
shut up within a room of the prison for six weeks ; by the end
of which time, weakened and exasperated, my nervous system
was seriously injured; and being banished without proof of
crime—banished from a country where I had property, friends,
good intentions, and great hope of accomplishment, I came
home to England only to discover greater misfortunes, and to
be exposed to the greatest of all trials. Four years, Sir,
have gone by, in which, were my history detailed, the
wonder would be, how I had strength of mind and suffi-
cient good principal to sustain me. It is only a month
ago since real comfort dawned upon me, through a deci-
sion of the Lotds, which ensured bread to my children, long
most unjustly withheld ; and it is only within this month that
I have enjoyed any thing like unalloyed happiness for these
last four gloomy years—only within this month that I have felt
assurance that I may yet recover from trial, and make advan-
tage of it. This, Sir, is Sunday—a day which I was bred up
to hold sacred ; and which I shall ever revere, even as a civil
institution. This is a day on which you ought to reflect
seriously ; on which, freeing your mind from all the fashions
of men, you should think abstractly of pure goodness. I have
petitioned Parliament on great subjects systematically for
eight years ; and my petitions of the last four years have
been recorded in the Parliamentary Journals. - Say nothing
of my private concerns, in which I can produce documents
to attest my correctness—accounts and correspondence regu-
larly filed, through a period of upwards of twenty years ; say
nothing of my having been beset for the greater part of this
time by law persecution, and in every instance having come oil'
conquercr; say nothing of my being shut up here, and reporte
of unsound mind, when the very doctors themselves will, by
and by, be brought to a better opinion ; say nothing of all this.
but take my printed petitions of 1820, /821, 1822, 1823, and
182-I—take these petitions, and let me be judged by them.
These petitions, Sir, will not only acquit me from charges ofi
being unsound in mind, but if you will this day peruse them
(and they are not unfit for perusal this day)—if you will on this
day, sacred to truth and goodness, seriously peruse these peti-
tions, you will think me worthy of being heard at the bar of
Parliament ; or, if you would rather have it, before a Com-
mittee in this room, to plead specially, on the prayers of my
petitions, to answer to interrogatories, and to amplify. The
subjects are out of sight the most important for inquiry of any
which now concern the welfare of England—l may say, the
welfare of the world : poor-law reform, and emigration con-
nected with it ; the improvement of the British peasantry ; and
the spread of industrious honest men throughout the earth—
the growth of humanity, and the glory of God.
I am your obedient Servant,
ROBERT GOURLAY.
Prison-room, House of Commons, June 20, 1824.
To the Right Hon. the Speaker.

A letter from Dresden, of the 3d instant, com-
municates the following extraordinary fact, as having occurred
at Oelsnity on the evening of 'Whitsunday. For some time the
inhabitants were alarmed by the strong smell of something, as
it were, burning in the houses, so that they dreaded a conflagra-
tion. Towards midnight a violent storm arose, and the smell-
became more pungent than ever, at the same time that the. at
mosphere was charged with a very dense fog. The cause of so
very extraordinary a phenomenon remains to be explained.