The Sun.
London, England, 1841-05-21 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY, MAY 21, 1841.

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITU-
TION.
The DIRECTORS give notice that a GENERAL MEET-
ING of the PROPRIETORS will be held in the Theatre of
the Institution on SATURDAY, the 12th day of June, at Eleven
o'Clock precisely.
Ist. To consider and determine as to a subscription from
the funds of the Institution, for the purpose of originating a
benevolent fund for decayed scientific persons.
2d. To declare a dividend.

3d. To fill up the vacancies in the direction, R. Hampden,
Esq., Captain Jones, and R. W. Sievier, Esq., having retired,
in conformity with the provisions of the need of settlement.
The ex-Directors respectfully offer themselves to the Proprie-
tors for re-election.

R. J. LONGBOTTO:kI, Secretary.

ROYAL EXCHANGE ASSURANCE
OFFICE, MAY 19, 1841.

The COURT of DIRECTORS of the ROYAL EX-
CHANGE ASSURANCE do hereby give Notice, that a
GENERAL COURT of the said CORPORATION will be
holden at their Office, No. 21, Lombard-street, on TuEsaAr,
the Ist of June next, at Eleven o'clock in the Forenoon, till
Two o'clock in the Afternoon, for the ELECTION of a DI-
RECTOR in the room of THOMAS POYNDER, Esq.,
resigned, which Election will be declared at such time as the
Court shall appoint to receive the Report of the Scrutineers.
ALEXANDER GREEN, Secretary.

The Chair will be taken at Twelve o'clock precisely.

N.B. Printed Lists of the Proprietors qualified to vote will
be ready to be delivered at the Office on SATURDAY, the 29th
of May instant.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND SOCIETY
FOR GRANTING
LIFE ASSURANCES, DEFERRED ANNUITIES, &c.
No. 2d, CORNHILL.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Par Lament.
EIRECTORS.
T. LAMIE MURRAY. Esq., Chairman.
J. Elliotson, F.R. S. I John Rawson, Esq.
John Griffith Frith, Esq. Jehn Riddell Stodart, Esq.
Hunter Gordon, Esq. Clement Tabor, Esq.
George Lungley, Esq. Joseph Thompson, Esq.

AUDITORS.

Professor Wheatstone, F. R. S. Professor Graves, A. 51. F. R. S.
ACTUARY—W. S. B. Woolhouse, Esq., F. R. A. S
SOLICITORS—Messrs. Sweet, Sutton, Ew ens, and Orman-
ney, 6, Basinghall-street.
LIFE ASSURANCE.

Besides the perfect security to the policy holder of a large
paid up capital, and accumulating funds, the following is one
amongst many of the advantages which belong exclusively to
the principles of Life Assurance and Deferred Annuities ori-
ginated by the Society, viz.—Power to borrow ( without de-
lay, expense, or forfeiture) Two-thirds of all premiums paid
upon a Polk!), of Assurance.

The annexed is a short Table, showing the Annual Premium
for assuring £lOO on the Whole Lite, or for a Term :

FOR LIFE.
A. ' B.
Age. Without With For One For Five
Profits. 1 Profits. Year only. Years only
---
£. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d.
20 1 13 7 1 17 4 0 17 0 0 17 6
30244293 0 19 6 1 0 0
40 2 18 8 3 5 3 1 3 10 1 5 0
50 4 4 2 4 13 6 1 13 0 1 16 6
606136784 3 0 0 3 9 6

Two-thirds of Profits divided annually amongst the Assured.
DEFERRED ANNUITIES DEPARTMENT.
By the plan exclusively developed by this Society, a single
Deferred Annuity is made, not only to answer the same object,
but to far exceed in amount the entire benefit of all the ad-
vantages heretofore only obtained by the middle and industrious
classes through separate investments in Savings' Banks, Be-
nefit Societies, and Loan Banks.

1. A small yearly or weekly contribution will secure the
most ample return for after life; thus-21. 12s. per annum (I.s.
a week) at the age of 20, will give the policy holder the fol-
lowing option. at the age of 65
Annuity for remainder of life £47 16 6

Cash ... 394 I I 0 or a
Policy, without further contributions, of 466 0 oat death.
Other periods of life (of 50, 55, and 60) may be also taken
with similar advantages.
2. Two-thirds at any time lent on deposit of policy, being a
fund always available during sickness or want of employment.
3. Two-thirds of all payments returned to representatives in
case of premature death.
N. B. Policies, as collateral money-security, for periods of
one to five years, effected at lower rates than are charged by
any other Office, ( See Tables A. and B.), with option of con-
tinuance for Life at the usual rates.

F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Sec.

VICTORIA LIFE ASSURANCE AND
LOAN COMPANY.
No. 18, King William-street, City.
Sir JAMES DUKE, Alderman, M.P., Chairman.
BENJAMIN HAWES, Esq.. Deputy Chairman.
William Allen, Esq. John Knill, Esq.
Benjamin Barnard, Esq. Benjamin Lancaster, Esq.
Charles Baldwin, Esq. Thomas Nesbitt, Esq.
James Cockburn, Esq. Major-General Robertson
Bryan Donkm, Esq. Daniel Sutton; jun., Esq.
Aaron Goldsmitl, Esq O'Bryan Bellingham Woolsey,
James Law Jones, Esq. Esq.
Toßa. Messrs. Lake and Curtis, Basinghall-s:reet.
ACTUARY AND SECRETARY.—WILLIAM RATRAY.
Among other advantages offered by this Company are—Mo-
derate Premiums—payable yearly, half- yearly, or quarterly.
Participation in Profits.—Facility in effecting Assurances on
every description of risk depending on human existence. And
a liberal and advantageous system of Loan, on real or un-
doubted Personal Security, to parties Assured with this So-
ciety.

-1111 R ENEVOLENT FIRE and LIFE IN-
SURANCE, and NATIONAL BENEFIT SO-
CIETY, 351, Strand.

Capital, 250,0001.
Under the Management of a Board of Directors.

This Society, in addition to the general business of Insur-
ance Companies, has been formed for the purpose of enabling
persons of very moderate means to attain those objects hitherto
confined to the more wea_thy, viz.:-
Ist. Insurii.g their lives in sums from 5/. and upwards, se-
curing Deferred Annuities as a provision for Old Age; WeeK.y
Allowances during Sickness ; and Endowments for Children,
the Premiums being divided into Monthly Instalments for the
convenience of the Insured. Also for the protection of such
as possess only a small personal property, Insurances are effected
against loss by Fire, in sums from 101. to 1001., by Quarterly
Payments ; thus Household Goods, Wearing Apparel, Stock
in frade, Workmen's Tools, &c., to the value of 201. can be
Insured, on payment of Sixpence every Three Months, duty
included.

The attention of the Public is particularly directed to this
very novel feature, for the man to whom this fact is known, will
henceforth deserve little sympathy should he become the victim
of a calamity, against the evils of which he could so readily
have guarded.
Prospectuses, detailing at length the various modes and rates
of Insurance, can be obtained on application at the office, 351,
Strand, or to any of the Society's Agents.
HENRY WILSON, Actuary and Secretary.

PUBLICATIONS.

R. BUCKINGHAM'S « AM:ERICA,
HISTORICAL, STATISTIC, and DESCRIP-
TIVE," is published this day,
DEDICATED TO THE PRINCE ALBERT,
In Three Octavo Volumes, with a Portrait of the Author on
Steel, and upwards of Seventy Engravings on Wood.
Fisher, Son, and Co., Newgate-strect, London.

LADY BLESSINGTON'S NEW WORK.
Just ready, in 2 vols. Bvo.,
THE IDLER IN FRANCE
By the COUNTESS of BLESSINGTON.
Also, just published,
LADY BLESSINGTON'S .‘ IDLER IN ITALY."
Small Paper Edition, 3 vols., with Portraits.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

MISS COSTELLO'S NEW ROMANCE.
On Monday next, the 24th inst., in 3 vols. post Bvo.,
THE QUEEN'S POISONER;
Or, FRANCE in the SIXTEENTH CENTURY.
By MISS LOUISA STUART COSTELLO,
Author of " A Summer amongst the Bocages and the Vines.'
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street.

Now ready, in 2 vols. demy Bvo.,
THE HISTORY OF DUELLING
Comprising
NARRATIVES of the MOST 'REMARKABLE PER.
SONAL ENCOUNTERS, from the EARLIEST PE.
RIOD down to PP ESENT TIMES.
By Br. MILLINGEN,
Author of " Curiosities of Medical Experience," &c.
" Dr. Millingen's work is of a character altogether aneedoti.
cal—the cream of French and English memoirs."...Athermum.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street,
Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty.

Third Edition, greatly enlarged, fcp. Bvo., 7s. cloth lettered.
lIINTS TO MOTHERS, &c.
By T. BULL, M.D.
Physician-Accoucheur to the Finsbury Midwifery Institution.
" There is no mother that will not be heartily thankful that
this book ever fell into her hands, and no husband who should
not present it to his wife."—Eclectic Review.

.
" A very valuable compendium."—Lancet.
London : Longman, Orme, and Co.

This day is published, 18th Edition, with Maps, price 18s. in
boards, or 18s. 6d. half-bound in parchment.
PATERSON'S ROADS of ENGLAND
and WALES, and of the SOUTH of SCOTLAND.

By EDWARD MOG G.
Arranged upon a plan entirely novel; and remodelled and aug-
mented by the addition of New Roads and Admeasurements.
London: Longman, Orme, and Co. ; J. M. Richardson ;
Hatchard and Son ; J. G. F. and J. Rivington ; Whittaker
and Co. ; T. Tegg ; Duncan and Malcolm ; Simpkin, Mar-
shall, and Co. ; J. Dowding ' • J. Hearne ; Smith, Elder, and
Co. ; T. Geeves ; Sherwood and Co. ; J. Fraser; J. Capes
and Co. ; Orr and Co. ; H. Washbourne ; L. A. Lewis ; C.
Dolman ; J. Templeman ; G. Routledge; and E. Mogg.
Liverpool: G. and J. Robinson.

DR. HOLMES, late of MARGARET-STREET, CAVEN-
DISH-SQUARE, has REMOVED to 15, MADDOX-
STREET, REGENT-STREET.
Second Edition, price 55.,
A. TREATISE on CONSUMPTION,
ASTHMA, RHEUMATIC AFFECTIONS of the
CHEST and HEART, HOOPING-COUGH, &c.
By Dr. HOLMES,
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, London.
" His discovery and treatment of these Diseases is most ex .
tensively beneficial."—Times.
By the same Author,
OBSERVATIONS on DISEASES INCIDENT to
FEMALES.—See Transactions of the Society of Arts for
1826 and 1828.
London: Holdsworth, Paternoster-row.

Just published, in royal 18mo., cloth, price 3s. ; and sent in
Town or Country free, by post, 3s. 6d.,
ANHOOD: the CAUSES of its PRE-
Ir DECLINE, with Plain Directions for
ITS PERFECT RESTORATION; addressed to those suf-
fering from the destructive effects of Excessive Indulgence,
Solitary Habits, or Infection; followed by Observations on the
TREATMENT of SYPHILIS, GONORRHEA, GLEET,
&c. Illustrated with Cases, &c. _

By J. L. CURTIS and CO3IPANY,
Consulting Surgeons, London.
Published by the Authors, and sold by Ralliere, Modica
Bookseller, 219, Regent-street; 59, Pall Mall; Strange, 21,
Paternoster-row; Pattie, 4, Brydges-street, Strand; 8,
D'Olier-street, Dublin; Duneas,ll4, High-street, Edinburgh;
and to be had of all Booksellers.

The Work which is now presented to the public is the result
of very extended experience in a class of diseases and affec-
tions, which for some unaccountable reason have been either
altogether overlooked, or treated with apathy, and almost in-
difference, by the ordinary practitioner. To enter into the
details of these affections, to point out their causes, and to
mark the terrific consequences, social, moral, and physical,
which are sure to follow from indulgence, in certain habits,
would be entirely out of place in an advertisement. We have
no hesitation, however, in saying that there is no member of
society, by whom the book will not be found interesting, Ivhe-
ther we consider such person to hold the relation of a PA-
RENT, a PRECEPTOR, or a CLERGYMAN.

Messrs. CURTIS and CO. are to be consulted daily at their
residence, N. 7, Frith-street, Soho, from Ten till Three, and
Five till Eight in the Evening; and Country Patients are re-
quested to be as minnte as possible in the detail of their cases,
—as to the duration of the complaint, the symptoms, age, ge-
neral habits of living, and occupation in life of the party ; the
communication must be accompanied by the " usual Consulta-
tion Fee of IL ," without which no notice whatever can be
taken of their application ; and in all eases, the most inviolable
secrecy may be relied en.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
• recall. THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
CHRONICLE.—Sir Robert Peel appears to have satisfied
neither his own party nor his opponents by his speech of Tues-
day night. The Times, in an article of yesterday, takes him
roundly to task for his indiscretion and his deficiency in the
qualities which a statesman out of office ought to possess. But
before proceeding further, let us hear the accusation against
the Right Hon. Baronet :
" There was one part of it ( Sir Robert's speech), however, says
the Times, which we must acknowledge gave us considerable pain,
and which must also give pain to no small number of the Right
Hon. Baronet's friends, who support his general view of Con-
servative policy. He repelled the charge of faction absurdly
brought against him by Lord John Russell, in what we cannot
but think an injudicious manner, by reminding the House that
he had assisted the Noble Lord and his Ministry on the pri-
vilege question, and on the question of the New Poor-
law—or, in other words, that he had identified him-
self with the Whig party on two very unpopular occasions.
Surely this is not the time to boast of such achievements as
these. If there was merit in such a coalition, we are at a loss
to see what should hinder the Right Hon. Baronet from giving
his general support to the Ministry which he then upheld.
Both those measures were characteristic of the party
from which they came ; and to say that those were good
measures, seems to us much the same thing as saying that
Lord Melbourne ought to continue Minister. Surely it is an
erroneous system of action, in the leader of a great and
influential party, to show disrespect (without any apparent
motive or reason), not only for those who, agreeing to his ge-
neral principles, may differ from him on one or two important
points, but for what above all things ought to be dear to a
public man, especially when out of office—the affections of the
majority of his countrymen. If it be a merit to have supported
Lord John Russell in those particular measures which have
tended to snake the Whigs most odious in the country,
it may perhaps be a merit to have originally brought
him into office, and placed him in a position to carry them, by
obstinately resisting the common sense of the nation upon the
subject of reform. Are we to have, in the year 1841, another
exhibition of that species of political wisdom, which in 1839 re-
fused to enfranchise even one of the great manufactu-
rile towns ? If so, it cannot be long. before we
have a similar result. We respectfully think that these
are serious errors in the policy of the Right Honourable
Baronet. They tend to throw into perplexity, not one or two
only, but great many of his most zealous supporters, and the
great body of the people. It seems difficult to account for
them, except by supposing either that the Right Hon. Baronet
is better qualified to gain a victory than to use it, or that he
thinks it of little importance whether the country is governed
by Lord Melbourne or by himself."
There spoke the genius of the monopolists! What, above all
things, ought to be dear to a public man, especially when out
of office, the affections of the majority of his countrymen.
Professions when out of office, to be forgotten when in. No
matter what false promises are made ; no matter what delusions
are encouraged when out of office. The end sanctifies the
means. Could he not, like very many of his party at the last
general election, affect an extraordinary hatred of measures
they were at that time determined to support in their places in
Parliament? All is lawful to a man out of office, to gain the
affections of his countrymen. We call on the people of Eng-
land to note this revelation. " Out of the fulness of the heart
the mouth apeaketh." The Times knows no principle, but
the readiness to profess any
_principle to serve a turn. It
supplied to Sir Robert a chapter out of its ethical code for
his edification. The Times and the party understand each
other well. We have a word on our own account to say to
Sir Robert before concluding. We have refrained from ex-
pressing any strong opinion on the subject of the want of fair-
ness he displayed in the treatment of the deputation from Man-
chester. We have done so, in the confidence that the Right
Hon. Baronet would himself see that it was due to his own
character as a public man to set himself right with the country
with reference to what certainly has, at present, an appearance
not at all favourable to him. We put it to him as a public
man, whether he does not owe some explanation to the deputa-
tion and the House for the injustice he evidently committed
towards the former. But we will not press the subject further
at present, referring our readers to a letter from Mr. Ash-
worth, in our columns of this day.
ADVERTISER.—We congratulate the country that the
are moving in a right direction. The prudence and the cou-
rage of the Government in their difficult circumstances are
beyond all praise. It now rests with the people, who have
occasionally chid them for their backwardness, to show that
the support which it is necessary to carry through Parliament
these excellent measures is at hand. There is now an interval
of ten days before the Corn-laws will be broached ; this inter-
val should be actively employed in preparing and forwarding
petitions expressive of the national feeling on the subject.
Thanks to railroads and the penny-post, there is abundant
time for the purpose, and it will be treachery to the great
cause to neglect it. Moreover, very direct intimations should
be sent to all the Representatives of commercial places, of
the desires of the constituencies with regard to this matter ;
and as Sir Robert Peel expressed his disbelief in the existence
of distress, at least to the extent alleged, statements of the
condition of the manufacturing and labouring classes in those
places should be forwarded to their Members ; and also to those
Members who take a more active interest on behalf the people.
Something more than a party struggle is involved in the
forthcoming debate. It will be a debate on the condition
of the people of England—of the numerous classes—the ar-
tisan and the labourer. It is not enough for Sir Ro-
bert Peel to allege that these things have always been—
that the masses of the people have ever been distressed.
We know it. It was for this reason that Reform in Parlia-
ment was sought ; and it is a consequence of that Reform
that the prayers of the people can and will now be heard. Par-
liament is, in fact, on its trial. Is it so constituted as to give
place to a sympathy, an active efficacious sympathy, with the
wants and feelings of the people ? The supposition that it is
net has given rise to Chartism. Destroy Chartism by proving
the reverse.. Again, we say that it is not enough Sir Robert
Peel should allege that there has ever been distress. This is
true. But the question is, shall it be allowed to continue, or
rather shall it be allowed to augment with the growth of
the population? The Government have exerted themselves
in every way to promote the welfare of the people ; by
their commissions of inquiry those wounds in the state
which have been created by the distressful poverty
of the people have been probed. They have endeavoured in
various ways to add to comforts, and ameliorate the condition
of the people ; but by the necessity of their position, arising
out of the state of Parliament, they were compelled to begin
at the wrong end—with the Poor-laws instead of the Corn-
laws, the master grievance. But at last, taking advantage of
exigencies which all must needs admit the force of, they have
boldly seized that by the horns, and if the people are as much
in earnest about the matter as the Government is, success
will crown this grand effort of statesmanship. This, indeed,
is the grand reform—the result which the people too san-
guinely hoped for, as the immediate consequence of the Re-
form hill. By this reform, the whole political character of the
Tories will be changed.
TIMES.—The announcements in the House of Commons
yesterday evening leave no doubt as to the intention of Minis-
ters to dissolve Parliament immediately after the division
which they hope to have the opportunity of taking upon the
question of the Corn-laws. It is for the Conservative leaders
to determine whether they shall be permitted to carry this
intention into effect without impediment. And it is for the
Conservative people to lose no time in girding up their loins
for the approaching contest, and to take such prompt and vi-
gorous measures as will enable them to follow up the series of
triumphs which have hitherto rewarded their efforts in and
out of Parliament with a signal, decisive, and universal victory
throughout the country. When the hunted wolf turns to bay, the
chase is nearly at an end. To comment upon "the unparalled te-
nacity of office " (as it was well expressed by Lord Dar-
lington) which these men exhibit, has become almost as stale
a thing as to illustrate the inconsistencies of Mr. Daniel
O'Connell. They stand in a position in which no Govern-
ment of this country ever stood before. When Mr. Pitt was
first intrusted with the formation of a Ministry, he had to
contend with an adverse majority in a Parliament summoned
by his predecessors. To have resigned without dissolving that
Parliament, because he did not possess its confidence, would
have been self-contradictory ; he had virtually dissolved it
from the moment when he accepted office, and the event justified
the course he took. Sir Robert Peel, in 1835, was placed
in a position precisely similar ; and in his case also, the effect
of a dissolution was to bring so decided a change in the rela-
tive position of parties, as sufficiently proved that a
great reaction had taken place, and that the dissolved
' House of Commons had ceased to represent the opi-
nion of the country. Lord John Russell on Tuesday night
had the temerity to represent the conduct of . Sir Robert Peel,
after the meeting of Parliament in 1835, as a precedent for
his own continuance in office under present circumstances. It
is true that Sir Robert Peel did not relinquish office till after
four adverse divisions had taken place ; but why ? Because
there were facts connected with each of those divisions which
justified the Right Hon. Baronet in requiring from the House
of Commons a more decisive and unequivocal declaration of
want of confidence in his Government. No sooner was that
declaration made than he quitted the scene. He never thought
of forcing upon the House motion after motion for the pur-
pose of seeing them rejected, or of converting Parliament into
an arena for the display of a series of manceuvres intended to
tell en the hustings ; he did not dream of dissolving a Parlia-
ment which he had himself called together, when it gave him
warning that the hour for his retirement was come.
HERALD.—Last night Lord John Russell, in answer to a
question, preceded by a severe and just rebuke from the Earl
of Darlington, stated that he would bring on the discussion of
the Corn-laws on Friday, the 4th of June next. We could
have been well content to have wanted this additional verifica-
tion of the charges we have brought against his Lordship of
political duplicity. So lately as the 30th of April Lord John
Russell, for the first time, announced from his place in the
House of Commons, that he meant to bring forward certain
resolutions, modifying (in their most essential bearings) the
present Corn-laws. We remarked, in a leading- article which
appeared in the Herald of the Ist instant, on the utter in-
compatibility of this intention—the total inconsistency of
these views—with the declarations contained in his me-
morable letter to the electors of Stroud in 1837. And
if we amused ourselves with discussing the oddity of the
coincidences—to say no more of them—by which it hap- .
pened that this astounding announcement was made the very
day after a signal defeat sustained by Lord John's Govern-
ment, mainly at the hands of that interest which these changes
of duty were chiefly to affect, we had ample authority for our
remarks in those which were made on the same subject in the
House of Commons on the following Monday evening. In
the course of that monster debate of nine days, which Wed-
nesday morning brought to a termination, Lord John—re-
proached with the same " coincidences —rather angrily in-
sisted that the " new lights" which had dawned upon the
minds of Ministers in respect of the sugar duties, the timber
duties, and the corn duties, were of no recent kindling, but
had absolutely illuminated the recesses of the Cabinet before
even the commencement of the session. The Chancellor of the
Exchequer, Mr. Labouchere, and Mr. Shiel, also protested that
these new-proclaimed opinions of her Majesty's advisers had
long been entertained by them. And what was the general
reason they gave fox their now promulgating them? Simply
this, that the changes proposed could be no longer delayed ;
that it was essential to the best interests of the country that
they should be instantly adopted. Why, then, as it was well
asked in the House of Commons, on the 30th of April, was the
measure as to the Corn-laws, then announced, proposed to be
delayed over till the 31st of this current month ? What else
but the mischiefs of uncertainty, fluctuation, doubt, and ap-
prehension could pervade, in the meanwhile, the dealings of
all who were connected with the production of corn, its import.
ation from abroad, or its purchase and sale in the markets,
here, at home ? This question was most forcibly addressed to
the Noble Lord by Sir Edward Knatchbull, and it was not an-
swered by any intelligible reply.
POST.—At the present moment there are two distinct and
different matters of high importance before the public which
ought by no means to be confused fogether. One of them is the
natural position of the Government, and the other is the policy
which the Government has announced
.in its financial budget.

PRICE sd.

The Government may attempt to act unconstitutionally, and in
a way dangerous to the liberties of the nation, and to the sta-
bility of the Monarchy, even though its policy be right. This
is the first thing to be considered. Ought a Alinistry, beaten
as that of the Whigs has been in both Houses of
Parliament, to retain office? We say it ought not,
and that even they who most approve of its policy
ought to join in protesting against its retention of office
under such circumstances. For, if it be allowed, where is the
Parliamentary control over the Ministry ? Must we at all
times scait for the desperate expedient of stopping the supplies ?
Is there to be no constitutional means of power of getting rid
of a Ministry save by a convulsive contest with the Executive
and with the Crown ? Why, if that were the case, how often
might weak and worthless Administrations retain office through
the natural reluctance of Members of Parliament to proceed to
such extremes ? We believe the policy of the Government,
and the attempt of Ministers to hold office under existing cir-
cumstances, to be both exceedingly dangerous, but the more
immediate danger is that of the sordid and base design to hold
the Government in despite of the adverse judgment of Par-
liament.

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.
`FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
CHRONICLE.—A change from monopoly to free trade is
essential to the safety of the Bank of England. Mr. Horsley
Palmer knew this well when he signed the petition to the
House of Commons, praying for a modification of the tariff.
His experience since the sear 1833 convinced him that it would
be impossible to keep the old lady's head long above water
under the present system. Panics in' the Money Market every
second or third year, and unable, with constant tinkering of
the kettle, borrowing from the Bank of France, and appliances
of " the screw" to boot, to bring the bullion above the mark
which old Rothschild declared below the minimum of solvency,
it has been necessary to keep on " the screw," without ceasing,
since October, 1839. Sometimes there has been a partial re-
laxation of its force, but nothing' more. The system has not
yet recovered from the shake, and a fortnight of adverse
weather in the neck of next harvest would make the Di-
rectors tremble in their shoes. They could not stand
against such another drain as that which they experi-
enced in 1839. With all the advantages of a sounder
system of management, they have not strength to weather the
storm. The old lady has never been herself again since that
memorable disease attacked her bowels, and never will be again
unless the free-trade doctors be called to her assistance. The
Directors, in order to keep her alive, have been compelled to
keep money scarce ever since, to look now with averted eyes at
all commercial paper having more than sixty days to run, and
use every possible and incesant vigilance and means to keep the
handful of gold in their coffers from being drawn off by the
unfavourable operation of the foreign exchanges. The conse-
quent effect upon the trade and commerce of the country has
been most painful and distressing ; low prices and forced ex-
portation of goods in the elementary state to keep hands from
.tarving. But all insufficient to turn the scale, and the short-
hour working of the mill-owners must soon turn to no hours
at all, unless a change in our tariff be immediately adopted; un-
less the principle of protection on imports be substituted for the
principle of revenue. It is plain that this must be the
speedy result of persevering in the present prohibitory system.
It is impossible, without admitting foreign corn and timber at
a moderate duty to cure the disease which has attacked the
vitals of our national prosperity. In no other way can our ex-
ports of manufactured goods be maintained from rapid decay,
leaving a starving population in our great hives of labour; and
the merchant and manufacturer hovering upon the verge of
ruin. Mr. Horsley Palmer foresaw this just as plainly as we
have stated it, and he therefore prayed the House of Commons
to modify the tariff. What say you to this, gentlemen mono-
polists? Here we have you in the horns of a dilemma. Your
peide and politics—your private class-interests as West India
planters, East India merchants, and Canadian timber mer-
chants, and Brazil slave-helders—tell you that the national
good and your breeches-pockets look to different points of the
compass, but we have a good haul of you in the net, as proprie-
tors of Bank of England stock ; and you may rest assured that
you have only to make the choice between supporting free trade
far your country's good, or monopoly for your own private benefit,
but decidedly for the ruin of the Bank of England. Now, in
so far as the Bank of England, as a bank of issue, is concerned,
you alone are the gainers. The people at large are the losers
by the existence of the establishment in its functions of issue ;
and looking on it as a close corporation, enjoying certain
exclusive privileges, it is a matter of comparative indifference
to the nation (it would, indeed, be much .to their profit)
if the Bank of England, as a bank of issue, should cease
to exist. The Bank has private interests to promote. It
has to pay a large half-yearly dividend to its proprie-
tore, which has induced the managers to neglect their public
duties. The only common interest which the public have
with the proprietors of Bank Stock is, that while the charter
continues, while the Bank is entrusted with the management
of the currency, and is thus the mainspring of public
credit, that confidence in her stability should be unshaken; '
and this cannot be the case unless the tariff on imports be mo-
dified as proposed by the Government. The joint-stock and
private banks need not suppose that the public will retain con-
fidence in them, if they lose it for her ladyship. Unless she
has gold to meet a panic, it Is plain enough they cannot sup-
ply it ; and if her head went fairly under water, they would
soon find it expedient to shut shop. Supposing even that the
Utopia of every man his own money-coiner was to take place;
that every set of men who chose to start a bank should have
the right of issuing as much paper as they chose, subject only
to the check of weekly exchanges, it must be evident that,
under the existing depressed and decaying state of our trade
with the Continent, gold could not be kept in the country even
to pay their differences. A temporary filip might thus be
given to trade by increasing the amount of paper and inflating
prices, but-it would merely be adding fuel to the flame—a fatal
aggravation of the evil, by a false show of present relief; the
hectic flush which plays in the cheek of consumption—that
delusive gleam of returning health—often brightest just before
the moment of dissolution. There is no effectual remedy for
the decay of British manufacture, or for the relief of the thou-
sands of hodseless families who are starving in our thickly-
peopled towns, but the emancipation of our commerce from
the shackles of monopoly There is no other way by which
gold can he kept to preserve the convertibility of the currency
—no other way by which the public credit can be maintained
inviolate—no other way by which the government of the
country can be conducted with permanence or success.
TIMES.—The English Stock Market has been in a quiet
state all day, and money was rather easier at 5 per cent.
The meeting of the Proprietors of the British Iron Company
took place to-day, Mr. Larpent in the chair, and was altoge-
ther a stormy affair, which is not to be wondered at, consider-
ing the disastrous losses that have accrued to those who em-
barked their capital in the undertaking. As was promised,
in the circulars issued by the Directore a statemetit was con-
tained in the report read of the settlement of the matters in
dispute between the Company and Mr. Attwood. As, they
say, they had on more than ono occasion been fully au-
thorized to co so if it was possible, they were now
happy to communicate the information of having effected
a permanent settlement. They have agreed to pay Mr.
Attwood 350,0001., and release him from all liability in
the two hundred shares which he held, in discharge of all-de-
mands he made upon the Company. They have already paid
him 200,0001., and the remaining • 150,0001. is to be paid on
the Ist of March, 1844, interest in the meanwhile to be allowed
upon it at the rate of 5 per cent. They value their property,
machinery, &c., at 823,6041. 9s. 7d. ; stock in hand, cash and
bock debts, at about 60,0001. ; and the mineral production of
their estates at 45,0001. per annum. These valuations, they
state, had been prepared with much caution, for the purpose of
giving the best information possible to the proprietary. The
report also contained a variety of accounts connected with the
company, but from none could be taught any estimate of the
liabiiitit s as compared with these assets, but it was understood
to be mentioned by the Chairman, that by this settlement with
Mr. Attwood an immense sum had: been saved, considering
the amount claimed, which would have swallowed up the
greater part of the assets. The Report concluded with
a desire expressed on the part of the Directors to have
the fullest inquiry into their affairs, and it was
agreed that it should be printed with the accounts, and sent to
every Proprietor. A discussion then arose on the election of
two Directors to fill the vacancies occasioned by the retiring of
Mr. Larpent and Mr. Horsley Palmer, who, however, offered
themselves for re-election. 'They both first addressed the
meeting, stating that without the fullest confidence could be
placed in them, and without the majority by which they were
elected was a large one, they would be more content to re-
tire from the scene altogether. Calumnies had been heaped
upon them, they were pointed at as the cause of all the ruin
of the concern, when, in fact, it was the lawsuit in which the
Company had been engaged that had worked so disas-
trously against its prosperity. Without it was tte
great voice of the meeting, they should wish to retire.
Some of the Proprietors upon this expressed a wish that the
election should not take place till after the report was in the
hands of the general proprietary. They all would then have
the opportunity of examining it in detail, and of testing the
accounts, so that then an expression of confidence in the
Directors, or the contrary, as the case might be, could be given
upon satisfactory data. The mover for the re-election, note
withstanding.these objections, went so far as to propose to the
meeting the insertion in the resolution of an eulogy upon the
characters of these gentlemen, but some strong remarks
against such a course, altered their determination, and
their election, as we understood it, was simply carried.
The meeting then adjourned to the early part of
June, which is the special meeting upon requisition, at which
is to be discussed the propriety of dissolving the concern, and
at which also will be appointed a Committee to investigate its
affairs. Mr. Larpent said they were quite ready at once to
name parties, desirable persons, to form such a Committee.
On the other hand, some of the Proprietors said the appoint-
ment of a Committee should come from any other source rather
than the Direction. A good deal was said during the business
of the validity of the promissory notes issued by the Company
some contending that they were utterly worthless, and the Di-
rectors principally denying it.
It was a most unaccountable circumstance at this meeting,
that the Chairman (Mr. Larpent) expressed a most untena-
ble opinion, that the notice published of the affairs of the Bri-
tish Iron Company under this head was intended to effect a
political objeet.. To show how completely the intention of
that notice was misunderstood, or rather perverted, it is only
necessary to bear in mind that it was nothing more than a de-
scription of a circular issued by the " United Shareholders," a
body who represent that they are composed of no less than the
holders of 2,000 shares, and who are, in all probability, of every
shade of political opinion. Their objections to the settlement
with Mr. Attwood and to the promissory notes are on legal
groands, and can be met by legal arguments alone. At all
events the Directors will not make any favourable impression
of the goodness of their cause, if they stigmatize any attempt
to make public the objections of a large body of their proprie-
tary as a political attack.
POST.--The English Securities were firm :and steady
throughout the day.
We are sorry to have to state that some considerable failures
have been announced. A West India house in the City was
_
yesterday compelled to suspend payment, and, to-day, 8,7)
in the Brazilian trade was reduced to the same necessity.
houses at Manchester and one at Birmingham
added to the number. A recent heavy failure at Glasgow
ofl
understood to havebeen brought on by the
to become
circumstance
the party, a manufacturing firm, having have to be
have The
shippers,
Manchester
Birmingham
extensive se a le,
concerns o n theirh
ventured
owneallaac cdoeudn
tt
0.
a
probably been imprudent enough to depart,aveer in a
from their legitimate pe h
rsuits, as others but too likfe an
frequently
remq ti
done before them, with the same sinister—we had almost said
the same well-merited—result.
improvement occurring
r the premium
and 7s , the Funds
on which to-day was as high as .
graduallySU Ninn thedP SUN.—lndependent
valueen tof Exchequer xtchleiequ4se.
however,
which,
must de-
generally begin to assume an appearance of greater
buoyancy, the continuance of
Ptic affitirs.
The Stock market generally was pretty steady to-
end upon the course of poli
y, al
da d a fair average business was done. ConsoLs for

EVENING EDITION.

in.mediate transfer ranged from 89i to DO, and for the,
settling day on the 25th hist. from 89i- to 90. The
was an idea that the Bank of England' might have issued
some notice relative to an extension of its discounts, but
tho transfer books, it must be remembered, will not close
till next month. India Stock for Account was at 250,
and India Bonds were at par. The New Three-and-a-
Half per Cents. realised 98i to 984; the Reduced Three-
and-a-Half per Cents. 97f to 97i; and the Three per
Colt. Annuities 88i to 88i.
As to Foreign Stocks there is scarcely any business
doing, and sales when attempted are only made on in-
different terms. The Active Spanish Bonds rciasiin d
all day at 234 to 23k, the Deferred were at llf ; Colom-
bian Bonds were marked 221 ; French Five_ per Cents.
114'. 50c.'; Austrian 109 to 1091, and Dutch Two-and-a-
t calf per. Cents. 524. This comprised th• sum total of
the business done, not a bargain having been reported in
Portuguese Securities.
The Railway Shares met rather an easier market
to-day, and were better supported. Great Western
Railway Shares were at 28 to 29; London and Birming-
ham at 69; South-Western at 17i; and Croydon at A
premium. Brighton were 31, Manchester and Leeds,
New, 8 ; North Midland, 28i ; the Now, 51 ; and the
South-Eastern, 17i discount. National Provincial Bank
of England shares were* discount ; Provincial Bank of
Ireland, 17 premium ; and Union Bank of Australia,
9 premium.

It is satisfactory to state that Dr. Rolph, the able pro-
moter of emigration to Canada, has declared his inten-
tion of standing entirely aloof from the proceedings of
the British North American Colonial Committee, in re
lation to the timber and corn duties. This gentleman
justly prizes his noble cause too highly to suffer it to be
made a mere party question, with which it might ulti-
mately be confounded,' if not crushed.

_
PRECE OF SUGAR.
EFFECT OF MONOPOLY.
Table showing the duty price of West India sugar is
Mincing-lane, and comparing the same against that of foreign
sugars.

Lendon, May 21, 1841.
Per Cwt.
The Gazette of this evening will quote the average
price of British Plantation Muscovado Sugar, ex- a. d.
elusive of duty at 38 2
The actual quantity of West India sugar sold on account of
the importers, in the week ending the 18th instant, according
to the returns made upon oath by the West India sugar bro-
kers, in conformity with the Act of Parliament, and on which
quantity the above price is computed, consisted of 1,729 hhds.
228 trs..and 77 barrels.
Manilla free labour sugar is worth, this week, 21s. per cwt.,
being 17s. less per cwt.. than the average price of West India
sugar ; very naturally, the West India planters prefer 17s. per
cwt. protection, which the monopoly gives them, to the 12s.
which the Government recently proposed. But how will the
industrious classes of this country like to pay them ? About
55., howe7er, oat of these 17s. never reach the West Inciia
planters, for the following reasons—many of the West India
merchants are shipowners likewise ; in their latter capacity
they have the power of deciding what shall be the charge for
freight from Jamaica to London ; this, for years past, was ha.
per cwt., it is now 4s. 6d. The Mauritius sugars are brought
double the distance at less, frequently, thib half that
charge ; and sugars from the Phillippine Islands,
treble the distance, are sometimes brought for 2s. 3d. per
cwt. Here, then, are 2s. per cwt. which the Jamaica planters
are compelled to pay over and above the freight paid by their
free labour competitors, nor cu they relieve theme ives froth-
the extortion, because those merchant shipowners have a lien
on the produce of the island. If a ship were to run into Ja-
maica, and the captain of her announced his willingness to
take sugar to London at 2s. 6d. per cwt., he would not be
able to obtain lading for her, independent of the advances of
money made by the merchants to the proprietors, who reside
in this country, to satisfy their lavish expenditure. The prac-
tice of the Sngar Market will, without advances of that cha-
racter, convert the proprietors into debtors to the merchants. In
order to enlighten the public on the subject, we will suppose
a case, and thereby expose the real transaction ; we will
suppose that C. and A. are proprietors, and that they consign
their produce to B. and D., Wet India merchants, in London
or Liverpool, these agents forthwith employ another, a broiler,
to sell the sugar in the market at the duty paid price. The broker,
so instructed, does sell to F. and G., grocers or refiners, 50 hhds.
giving the sellers B and D, and the buyers F and E copies of
the entry of sale in his book ; this copy, in the language of the
market, is called a c astract-note, this note which recites the
duty paid price firms the Teacher upon which many per cent-
age charges are computed. F. and E. the buyers, then send to
the selling merchants, B. and D., for the dock delivery order,
and request them to pay the duty on the sugar, so that the
first operation in the market, turns the unfortunate proprietors
C. and A. into debtors to B. and D., and their account is opened
with the following item on the Dr. side:—
To duty paid on your 50 hhds. of sugar £l,ooo
To interest thereon, two months, (the sugar credit) 10
From this species of thraldom, the proprietors rarely escape, the
merchants have them completely under their controul. for,
should any dispute arise between the parties, the merchants
turn round and say," Oh. very well, clear your account, anti
consign your produce elsewhere. The extra charge which this
adroit management of sales takes from the proprietors and puts
into the managers' pockets, is equivalent to another 2s. per
cent. ; nor is this all, for the proprietors are made to trust the
buyers, so that if ehe latter become insolvent the proprietors
lose not only the value of the sugar, but the amount prid for
duty into the bargain. For instance, within the last three
months, there have been a half-a-dosen heavy failures, wh sreln
the proprietors have been creditors upon tee respective insol tent
estates to the tune of 250 hhds., the duty on which No I,ld
amount to about 5,0001., being just so much money needless/1.
sacrificed in order that the commissions on managers rut
and sales may be computed on the duty paid. price_
This chance—this risk- cannot be taken at less than
9d. per cwt. The proprietors, therefore, absolutely lose,
by a combination of stratagem, ess. 9d. per cwt. on
most of the sugar they consign to England. Let any
proprietor who reads this statement refer to his last

}car's account of sales, and the truth contained in the state-
ment will be at once apparent. There aresufficient reasons why
free labour in our West India itlands cannot compete with
slave labour in the Brazils. If free labour were fairly brought
into operation agaiust slave labour, the produce of the former
would expel that of thn latter from the market that is to
say, if the sugars raised east of the Cape of Good Hope, were
admitted to the British markets, they could be refined here,
and they would then surpass in quality all the slave labour
sugar produced, and could be sold at a less price.
On another occasion we shall advert freely to the exorbi-
tant charges made against the West India proprietors for
supplies shipped to the plantations.
THE POWER OF THE PEOPLE.
Well ! we learn now, after years of silence or mystifi-
cation, that beyond the boundary wall which encloses:
the aristocracy, there exists a people—swarming, indus-
trious millions—pinched by want—burdened with taxa-
tion—at whose sufferings, borne with wondrous patience,

it is safe to laugh no longer. Silent though they have
been—silent and inactive, we may mark how our rulers
spontaneously move towards them for power. The late
unlooked-for change in policy was not borh of clamour—
it is not a boon granted to noisy supplication, or sulkily
given to appease threatening wrath. No ! but just a
confession wrung from aristocratic governors, that a
fresh gain in power must be sought at the hands of the
people--that right can
.purchase might. Not inueh is
offered—but the offer itself, though it were ten times
less, is a concession that carries in its bosom all other
concessions. In letters of burning light recent events
have written the truth—that power is with the people,
and that justice is the key to it.
This lesson, it is for the people to con and to improve.
If they can put up with little things, things little enough
will be given, they may rest assuredless; marvellously
les than what is promised. They owe the Ministerial
note of hand 'to necessity, not to good-will. It IS for
them to make the Most of their advantage. Ministers
ask power—give them a vast deal mugs than they want
—more than they.can manage, except by doing Justice.
" Moderate protection," say they, " help us to give you
mOderate protection." The true policy of the people is
not to refuse the help, but to give it in greater abun-
dance, for much greater objects than their rulers desire.
" Abolition of monopolies" should be their response.
" You shall have power' to put an end to all monopolies."
The ruling party are now in the hands of the people.
Let them trust nothing to the aristocracy of either
section. Something must be done---the principle of class
legislators is to do the least possible—that least can only
be done by the people, who can do great things much
easier than little ones. The terms of the bargain rest
with them for decision.
If this great nation is again cozened it will be through
the treachery of the middle classes. We will not suspect
them of it. Famishing millions look up piteously into
their face and cry, "give us our own bread—we ask no
more—whip us for idleness—shoot us if you .-like for
trespass, but do not starve us, and then punish us be-
cause we cannot live." This is the earnest agonizing
prayer of pining multitudes, though they utter it not—
though in pride they turn their backs upon the middle
classes and utter nothing. Within, their suffering's, and
without, their haggard features, emaciated frames, and
tears that will net keep down at the bidding of stern re-
solve, articulate this cry " give us our own—let not the
exclusives rob us of our own." What will the middle
classes dcs we mean the electors ? Will they respond to
Ministers or to the people ? Will they carry PROTEC-
WON Or REPEAL ?—Non-Conformist.

CROYDON POLICE.
.A.young man named Scriven attended before Messrs.
Waring:ton and Currie, the proiiding Magistrates at the
Town-hall, on Tuesday, to answera charge of assault pre-
ferred against him by a person named Freeman, a member
of the Society of Friends, arising out of the following
circumstances.
It appeared that the complainant, who is a stanch tee-
totaller, had resolved upon
giving a lecture to the inha-
bitants of Croydon upon the subject of teetotalism, and
on Thursday last he sent a bellman round the town to
Five notice of his intention to do so at the back of the
town-hall, and, accordingly, at the appointed hour, a
number of navigators from the railway and other loose
characters assembled, and Mr. Freeman having innwited
upon a tub proceeded to harangue them. The people
appeared to give very little credence to-what he said,
and at length a navigator got on the shoulders of one
of his companions and held- up a shovel, and asked the
lecturer whether he thought a man could use such a tool
if he drank nothing but water. This was the signal for
a general row, during which the lecturer was very
roughly handled, and his clothes were nearly torn from
his back, and he was obliged to run into a tradesman's
house for shelter while the police were sent for, and they
escorted him out of the town. The defendant
was stated
to have been one of the parties who was concerned in
the attack upon the complainant.
The Magistrates asked Collier, the inspector of police
for this district, how it was that such a meeting, which
was almost sure to result in a breach of the peace, was
permitted to take place in the public highway?
The inspector replied that lie had not the least idea of
any such meeting or lecture being intended. He was
absent from Croydon on other duty, or he should most
certainly have prevented it from taking place.
- The complainant here exhibited his coat, or rather the
remains of it, and assured the Bench that he had been
most shamefully treated.
The Magistrates told him he had no one to blame but
himself. If he had minded his own business instead of
getting a mob toc,‘-other in the public street the occur-
rence would not have taken place.
The Bench then said that under the circumstances they
should ordcr the defendant to pay a fine of one shilling
and the costs.

•