The Sun.
London, England, 1841-03-15 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON', MONDAY, MARCH 15,1841

BRITISH POSSESSIONS ABROAD.

RESOLUTIONS INTENDED TO BE PROPOSED IN COMMIT-
TEE ON TRADE OF BRITISH POSSESSIONS ABROAD RY
MR. IA ABOUCHERE.

1. Resolved, That, in lieu of Vie respective duties
of 7/. 10s., of 1.51., of 201., and of 30/., on every 100/.
of the value of certain of the articies specified in the
schedule contained in an Act of the third and fourth
year of King `Wiliam the Fourth, to regulate the trade
of the British Possessions abroad there shall be pi:id
on goods, wares, and merchandize not being the growth,
production, or manufacture of the Ucited Kingdom, or
of any of the British Possessions in America, and im-
ported by sea or by inland carriage or navigation, a
duty of 10/. for every 100/. of the value thereof, to-
gether with the amount of any duty levied at the same
time upon goods, wares, and merchandize the growth
or production of the United Kingdom, or of the British
Possessions.

2. That, in lieu of the several duties payable under
the said Act upon the following articles not being the
growth, production, or manufacture of the United King-
dom, or of any of the British Possessions in America
imported or brought into any British Possession by sea,
there shall be paid the following duties, viz:—
£ s.
Wheat flour (except into Canada), the barrel.. 0 2 0
Bea and pork, salted (except into Canada),

the cwt.
Wine of all sorts, whether in bottle or not, for
every 1001. of the value, in lieu of all duties
now payable thereon, under the Act 4 Geo.
111., c. 15, and 4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 59
The bottles Free.
Shingles (except into Canada), the 1,000 No. 0 3 6
Oak staves and headings (except into Canada),
the 1,000 No 0 7 0
Wood hoops (except into Canada), the 1,000 No. 0 2 6
Pitch pine and other lumber, 1 inch thick (ex-
cept into Canada, the 1,000 feet
Now prohibited, but the prohibition whereon is

to cease :
Fish, dried or salted, the cwt.
-- pickled, the barrel

Together with the amount of any duty levied at the
same time upon similar articles, the produce of, or im-
ported from, the United Kingdom or the British Pos-
sessions.

3. That i.e.' be permitted to be imported into British
North America by inland carriage or navigation, on
payment of the duty which may at that time be charge-
able upon tea imported from the United Kingdom, to-
gether with tea pounds per ceLtum on the amount of
such duty. _ _

4. That rum, the produce of places within the limits
of the Exist India Company's Charter, and imported
into British North America, shall pay the same
duty as rum the produce of places in the British West
Indies.

5. That so much of the said Act as permits any sort
of craft, food, and victuals, except spirits, and any sort
of clothing and implements and materials fit and ne-
cessary for the British fisheries in America, to be im-
ported into the place at or from whence such fishery is
carried on, duty free, shall be repealed.
6. That goods, the produce or manufacture of the
Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, or Sark, im-
ported from such islands, be admitted into the British
Possessions in America upon the payment of the same
duty as the liv e goods the produce or manufacture of the
United Kingdom, or of any of the said possessions.

ANTI-CORN-LAW MEETING IN

HULME.

A crowded public meeting, for the purpose of consi-
dering the tendency of the Corn and Provision-laws,
was held at the Shakspeare Inn, York-street, Hulme,
on Wednesday evening, the proceedings at which were
of a very interesting character. Mr. Na3lor was called
to the chair, and in the course of his opening address
expressed his conviction that unless some alteration was
made in the Corn and Provision-laws it would be im-
possible that the commerce of this country could escape
utter ruin. The aristocracy—the great landowners—
had the opportunity when in difficulties of leaving their
estates in charge of steward?, and going to the Conti-
nent to retrench and economise. Now why shod I
not we, when in similar difficulties, be enabled to re-
trench also ? It was true we could not, like them, go
to the Continent ; but why should not these laws be
altered, so that we might be able to get cheaper food ?
Mr. JOHN BROOKS then addressed the meeting on
the injustice of allowing protection to one portion of
the community at the expense of the other, and pro-
ceeded to show the injurious effects on our commerce.
of refusing to take the corn of other countries, who
have nothing else to give, in exchange for our manu-
factures, while the people were actually starving for
watt of it.

At the conclusion of Mr. Brooks' address., a work-
ing man referred to a statement he had made on the
effects of a depressed trade brought on by these Corn-
laws in throwing men out of work, and asked him
whether he thought it was want of trade that threw
spinners out of work, or the double-deckers and self-
acf ng mu!es?

Mr. BaooKs replied that it certainly was not ma-
chinery, for were we not able to keep in advance of
our neighbours on the Continent by our invention as
well as induEtry, labouring, as we did, under the dis.
advantages of dearer food, there would soon be no em-
p!oyrcent for the people, either as double-deckers or
anything else. Machines were like race-horses, unless
the breed were improved, the competition of foreig❑
breeders would soon give e.s the go-bye.—(Applause.)
Mr. Wm. RAWSON said Mr. Brooks' figure of the
race-horse was an excellent idea, and, carried out a
little further, it illustrated admirably our position with
regard to the Corn and Provision-laws, for we stood in
the position of having strained our ingenuity to the
utmost to improve the breed, while we had entirely
overboked oce very important circuaist ince to the
race—the weight of the rider !—(Applause)—and
while our competitors were almost equalhing us in the
mettle of the horse, we were actually, by the opera-
tion of the Corn and Provision-laws, riding ten stone
to their five.—(Great applanse.) Mr. Rawson went
on to show the disadvantages of not improving ma-
chinery by reference to the cotton hosiery trade, where
the machinery now in use had remained unimproved
for nearly two hundred years, and the Saxon, having
the advantage of the same machine with workmen
living on cheaper food, was thus enabled to cut us out
of all our foreign markets, to the entire ruin of the
trade.

A Chartist (who was present) said Mr. Rawson bad
made use of an expression about producing " a
right order of things." He wished to know if the re-
peal of the Corn-liws would produce that order of
things ?—if not, it was not worth struggling for, and
they ought to go for the Charter at once.
Mr. RAWSON replied that the evils of legislation
might be likened to a bundle of sticks—the Corn-law
Repealers were for breaking them one at a time, taking
the thickest in the bundle first. The Chartists wanted
to do an impossibility—they wanted to break the whole
bundle at once.—(Applause.)
Mr. COBDEN next addressed the meeting in a mas-
terly speech, showing the importance of this question
to thpero working classes,wwho, he said, unless the Corn
and were repealed, however they might
Provision-laws
increase in numbers (and they were increasing at 1,000
per day), if stinted as at the present to the produce of
the soil till food arrived at famine prices, would be re-
duced to a worse condition than the Irish. In refer-
ence to the question of machinery, he said it was a re-
markable fact that at the time Adam Smith was writ-
ing his celebrated work on political economy, Watt, who
invented the steam engine, was a mathematical instru-
ment maker at Glasgow. Watt then perfected that
mighty machine the steam engine, which was now in
another form traversing the vast expanse of the Atlan-
tic ; it was taken up with the usual energy and inge-
nuity of Englishmen, and applied to every description
of manufacture, and no country had been able to out-
strip us to this day in the rate of improvements conse-
quent upon it, and yet here were our working popula-
tion starving and miserable for want of employment !
There must be something wrong.—(Hear, hear.)
What was it ? The reason was, that while our manu-
facturers and capitalists took up the invention of Watt,
our legislators did not take up the laws laid down at
the same time by that other great master-mind, Adam
Smith, for the guidance of commerce!—(Great ap-
plause.) if the produce of our millions of population,
with ail the aid, and ten times the aid, they derived in
multiplying that produce by means of machinery, had
been distributed by right law P=-41161asts laid down for
commerce by Adam Smith—the working classes to till's
day would have been in full employment—and more
than that, in the enjoyment of a fair remuneration for
ttwir labour. It was impossible by any powers of pro-
duction, whether by machinery or increase of popula-
tion, to make the necessaries of life, whether of food
or clothing, too plentiful, if they were but properly
distributed.—(Laud cheers.) Mr. Cobden exposed
the fallacy of cheap food producing low wages, and con-
cluded an admirable speech, of near an hour's length,
amidst greeat cheering, and the meeting separated, ap-
parently highly gratified.—Manchester Times.

DOES the MIND ALWAYS THINK.

Mr. Locke's arguments in respect to this subject are
the following :—That during sleep we are not conscious
of thought ; that the mind is always active, even with-
out our knowledge ; that we have no ideas but those
derived from sensation and reflection ; that no one can
know whether a person thinks in his sleep except
himself.

A writer in the Providence Journal cites tke fo!low-
jog facts, recorded by President Dwight, of Yale Col-
lege, to prove, in opposition to Locke's theory, that a
man may walk in his sleep without knowing it ; and
another man may see him walking, and doing other
things which involve thought, and thus ascertain to a
certainty that the sleeper thinks, while he himstlf is un-
conscious of it.

A physician in Lambertown, N. J., found to his
great surprise, on waking one morning, that he was
without a shirt ; and was unable to discover any
trace of it after searching his room. Having dressed
himself and made particular inquiries, he was
obliged to remain in doubt with regard to the cause
of tbis singular occurrence. On the following morn-
ing, however, he found himself in a similar predicament,
and was obliged to furnish himself as before, without
the power of making a discovery. The same thing hap-
pened the three following days ; so that fi► e of his
shirts ha'l, at last, mysteriously disappeared. The mat-
ter had now become so wonderful, that his brother de-
termined to sleep with him, and ascertain, if possible,
the cause of it. In the night, the physician rose from
his bed, without speaking, and lelt the room. His
brother, who was on the watch, hurried on a few clothes
and followed him, The former took his way towards
the Delaware, where on his arrival he prepared to
bathe ; and placing his shirt in a hole, leaped into the
water. After swimming for some time, he regained the
shore, proceeded homeward, without stopping for his
garment, and went to bed. The brother followed, be-
ing convinced be was asleep, and took his place again
beside him in bed without waking him. The next day
on examining the bole on the river's bank, the six shirts
were found, where their owner had deposited them, nu-
unconscious, or forgaftil of every thing he had done.

_ . ._.
In another case there was still greater evidence of
thought during sleep, of which the agent was equally
ignorant. A shoemaker's wife was one night awakened
adwith such gravity,
by her husband's arising in his sleep, and preaching a
sermon of some lengtb. At the close of it he gave no-
tice evening, he should deliver
that she invited several of her neighbours to attend.
They came on the evening appointed, and were
well gratified
another
thte that, t,
discourseo n the
; followingnd this he id
with his sermon, as las with the renewal of the ap.
pointment on the next Thursday evening, which he an-
nounced as before. Thus he continued to preach once
a wrek,
1 and in a manner which his audience were gra-
tified with, until the secret was accidentully divulged
to him, and that put an end to it. The probability is,
that this man could not have formed a sermon in his
waking hours.
An eminent lawyer once told me, that, having a diffi-
cult case to argue, after having devised several different
methods for managing it, he dreamt out one at night,
which on the following morning he iecollected, and pre-
ferrLd to the others so much, that he adopted it in
Court.
The imagination is undoubtedly stronger during
sleep than when we are awake. While I lived at
Northampton, I was engaged_ for a time to supply a
winter society, as it is called—that i
•,1 an assembly
meeting for public worship—in a part of the town at a
distinctt, from the church. One night I dreamt of
preaching to them, and chose rather a singular text. It
was this—'• Then answered the High Priest, ye know
nothing at all.' When I awoke, I rennembei ed the
whole of the sermon, and it was of such a nature that I
determined to write it.--New York paper.

ACCIDENT.—An. accident of an alarming na-
ture occurred to Earl Fitaµilliaro and his two sons ( Lord
Milton and Vie Hon. G. Fitzwiliiam), on Wednesday af-
tern i
on House, near Peterborough, a four-in-hand
af-
ternoon. The Noble Lord and his sons were returning to
after meeting the hounds at Ti:apstone, when a dog
Mil
rushed out of a house on the road side, and stized one of
the leaders. The horses were dreadfully feightered, and
becirina'so unmanageable that the coach was overturned ;
but we ate happy to say, none of the gentlemen received
any injury.

MEHEMET ALI AND THE SULTAN.

(From the Examiner.)

On Friday night some questions were put to Lord
Palmerston by Lord F. Egerton, Sir R. Peel, and Lord
Sandon, the drift of which was to ascertain whether
the conditions offered to Mehemet Ali had been corn-
municsited to Lord Ponsonby before the firman was is-
sued, and whether he Lad approved of them or remon-
strated against them. As ususl Lcrd Palmerston would
not t-,11, all that could be got from him was the declara-
tion that it was the desire of the Pour Powers that the
Government of Egypt should be bona file graated he-
reditarily, but Lis understanding of the hatti scheriff is—
" That it was intended to reserve to the Suhan the
sovereign right which must belong to him—to confer the
Government of Egypt, and not to evade the bona fide
execution of the previous arrangement, or to set aside
these successors who would be naturally looked upon as
the descendants of Mehemet Ali.— (Cheers)."
We confess our inability to comprehend the mean-
ing of this. Is reminds us of the responses of Lord Cas-
tlereagh.

If any inference as to the views of Lord Palmer-
ston is to be drawn from the opinions of the Morn-
ing Chronicle, we should conclude that the conditions
imposed on Mehemet have the full approval of Lord
Palmerston ; ray, more, we should be disposed to sus
pest, from the partiality exhibited, that his Lordship
stood in the relation of a parent to the firman. For
one bold example, as to the hereditary government, the
Chronicle says—
It is said that the conditions of the hatti scheritT
arc a liolation of the conditions, sanctioned by England,
upon which the Pacha made his submission to the
Porte. In what does this violat on consist ? The re-
striction proposed to be placed upon the hereditary'
grant. Do those who urge this complaint forget that
in Admiral Stopford's convention no mention whatever
was made of the hereditary' succession ? Th€ Pacha
complained of the omission—but still submitted uncon-
ditionally, trusting to the good offices of the Powers,
and the generosity of his master. There may be harsh-
ness—there may be impolicy—but there certainly is
no hte.:ch of faith in not giving all the Pacha expects,
when in matter of fact he was not promised anything."
In effect, then, we have tricked the Paella, and
having induced him to surrender the 'Turkish fleet, we
are to tel him that we never promised him what he ex-
pected in reourn.
The words were " not in the bond" it may be true,
but in treating with a fallen foe a greet natio❑ does not
read its engagements like a pettifogging attorney, but
equitably observes the implied as well as the stipulated.
And if Lord Palmerston takes his stand on the Con-
vention of Admiral Stopford with the strictness of Shy-
lock's adherence to his bond, he has to observe that if •
we are not pledged to procure or to recommend the he-
reditary grant, we are pledged to maintain Mehemet Ali
in the Pachalic of Syria—a strong engagement, and one
committing us to support Mehemet Ali without any re-
servation saving the Sultan's rights.
It is to be remembered that Commodore Napier's
Convention promised the hereditary government, and
that Commodore Napier's Convention was notoriously
approved by Lord Palmerston ; in the Admiral's Con-
vention no engagement as to the hereditary government
was made, and the Admiral was only blamed for his
officiousness in annulling the more favourable arrange-
ment.