The Sun.
London, England, 1823-04-04 00:00:00

-

CItA %/ATI A NA.

There are some works of Rush pre-eminent im-
portance that they do not reqnire the aid of our
labours to draw the public attention to them;
their title alone is sufficient to ensure them suc-
cess. Of this number is the Craratiana, or a
General Treatise on Cravats, their origin, their po-
litical, physical, and moral influence, their forms,
their colours, their species. It may be said that,
after having made known to our readers the ap-
pearance of such a book, our task is accom-
plished ; that any observation would be useless,
and all praise superfluous. As to Criticism,
would caution it to' be silent; for who would dare
to find fault with the Cravationa.

The Author first treats on the origin of cravats,
which, according to him, is very annent. Cravats;
if we are to believe him, were worn soon after the
deluge; but does he not go back a little too far ?
Is it admissible to take the collars of the Assy-
rians for cravats ?. Though this opinioil is enter-
tained by many learned men, I cannot accede to
it ; since there are strong reagons for believing
that cravats are of more recent origin, and that
they were not known either to the Assyrians or
to the antient Persians. lam also very sorry for
the Greeks, for they have no claim to the honour
of this discovery. We are indebted to the
Romans for the invention, hut to their shame be
it remarked, they did not see all the advantages
that might have been derived from it ; for these
Romans, I say it without meaning any oll'ence to
their admirera, remained a long time ignorant of
many important things. Would you believe it that
they took five or six centuries in learning how to

put on their cravats? We ought not, however, to
be much surprized at it when we consider how
wretchedly ill their women dressed their'heads ;
it excites our pity, but, perhaps, we ought to lay
the blame on their form of government, for a Re-
public is no great friend to the toilette.
Every person has a peculiar modo
,of vie wing
things. Some philosophers imagine that the
countenance betrays the most secret thoughts of
the mind, and so firmly. do they believe it,. that
they do not hesitate to pronounce an honest man
a rogue merely on account of his physiognomy,
without waiting for more ample proofs, Others see
the bottom of the heart by feeling the skull, or, ac-
cording to them, every propensity, good or bad,
is manifested by certain external bumps or or.
gaps. As to our Author, " it is simply by study-
ing cravats that he has acquired a knowledge of
man:" this mode of observation seems to me as
good as some others, still I think that he at-
taches too much importance to it. No person
will believe him when he says that " the cravat
is the whole man ;" whilst, if he had wisely been
content with remarking that it was a great part
of man, all enlightened minds would have been of
his Opinion. Let us not, therefore, seek in the
folds of a cravat for more' than we can reasonably
hope to find, fly such exaggerations do we
w ea ken our arguments.

64 What portion of the toilette is best cairn-
, lilted to establish a most decided difference be-
tween the gentleman and the shopkeeper ?" This
question, which does not, au some superficial
spirits might suppose, interel only the toilette,
but also very wilily concerns the higher brunch
of politics, has been, to the Author of the Gra.
vatiana, the subject of ory long and serious me-
ditation, nod he confidently hopes that his work
affords an answer to it : butt am convinced that
he is mistaken. It seems to me demonstrated,
thanks to the present state of our manners, that
the problem which has occupied so much of his
tune is incapable of being resolved.
In league with the spirit of the age, and of our
institutions, Fashion delights in confounding all
ranks, levelling all conditions, and effacing all
external distinctions. Society resembles a masked
ball ; no person can there be recognized. Let a
Noble Duke, a Marquis, an Earl, a Viscount,
a Baron, appear in the Park on a Sunday, the
most experienced eye cannot distinguish him from
his tailor or his shoemaker. Their dress is as
studied as that of his Lordship ; they have the
air of men comme ilfaul ; and to render time illu-
sion more complete, they discourse very learned.
ly on politics, and even quote Lord Byron and
Walter Scott.

The time is gone by when every person was
habited according to his rank in society Every
body now dresses according to his own boomer,
and may wear a long waisted coat, illaoreluke
trowst-rs, a waistcoat with a standing collar hooked
close up Me chin, and a Cloak tilo Nina.
This anarchy in the toilette is, I confess, a
great scandal, which afflicts me as much as it
does the Author of the Cram/lona. I ft-el like
him thut it is very desirable there should be an
end put to it. If we were "to Create a cos.
tume which should re-establish social distinc.
tions," we should at least then know whom we
were addressing. But the evil has made such
progress that it is scarcely possible to remedy it.
In vain are we told that the art is difficult,
that it' requires time and pains, that "it is not
the work of is day to know how to put On a cravat,
and that it is even daily the occupation of save..
gal hours." Every difficulty will soon be over-
come by the vanity and the pride of the lower
elasses ; and, perhaps without wishing it, the
Author himself has facilitated the means of ac-
quiring this att. By following the rules laid
down in his Treatise, every cravat will now' be
put on w ith the same elegance, the same taste,
and we shall relapse into the same confusion.
A recent instance ought to have convinced him
of the inutility of his efforts. When highly
*torched cravats were first introduced, wo all
thought, and so did our Author, that they would
only be worn by certain classes, and that they

PRICE SEV EN P tINCF.

ould serve to distinguish the gentleman from
the shopman ; but, contrary to our expectations,
before the end of a week these stiff cravats be-
came general. The Author may endeavour to
found his soda' hierarchy on the difference of
cravats, but, for my part I despair.
With respect to the advantages that the art of
the toilette ought to derive from the CravaiLna,
they are incontestable. The Author explains to
you fourteen modes of wending the cravat, two or
three of which are of his own invention. I know
the merit of these discoveries will be lost on moo
of learning and science, or those who wish to
pass for such. The Author, however, will ob.
tarn more honourable suffrages ; he has written
to please men of fashion, and he may rely on
their gratitude. Indeed, it would not surprise
me if they were to present him with a Cravat of
Honour. C.

THE DUKE D'ANGOULEME.
GRAND REVIEW O 1 TRoors 11Y
.1.113 ROYAL hIGIIXER.

Evtrart qf a Letfier,from Perpignan, March 24..
Although the weather was notaitogether fine, the mad from
Perpignan to Canet was early, in the morning of yesterday,
thronged with carriages and passengers, on foot and on hone.
back. Not only the villages near Canet were deserted, but a
considerable number of persons from more distant parts, as
Prate de Mollo, Ceret, &c., resorted with the greatest earnest•
items to witness the grand review.

The troops having assembled on the plain (plaga) of Cane
about ten o'clock, were formed in line of battle to wait the
arrival of his Royal Highness the Duke of A ngotleme. They
were composed of two battalions 'of the 7th regiment of the
line, two of the 111th, two of the 20th, one of the 32d, one of the
60th, and another of the fish, also or the 18th and 23d mounted,
chasscurs, to which are joined the two squadrons newly arrived
from Careassone, and of 250 foot and 00 horse artillery, with Iso
soldiers of the train. The whole of these forces amounted pro-
bably to' 0,000 men. His Royal Highness left Perpignan at
eleven o'clock with Marshal Monecy. As soon as he arrived
on the plain he rode along the line, and the troops were then
quickly ordered to form a square.,, in the, midst of which stood
an Altar. It was hn imposing spectacle to. witness the Prince,
assisting at the religious eeremonicti in an immense plain, stir.
rounded with 6,000 soldiers, and an almost equal number of
spectators, penetrated with one sentiment of pious devotion.

" After 11Ma the regiments performed some mancruvres, and
tiled off before his Royal Highness with cries of Noe k
and Vive k Dec d'Angoulboe. Several of the officers and sol-
diers, abandoning themselves to their enthusiasm, manifested,
by reiterated exclamations, their joy at the presence of a
Bourbon Prince. The truth is, the Cottnt Curial had, in the
order of the day, allowed of some relaxation of discipline on
this occasion, , The Prince returned to Perpignan at half-past
three o'clock. Although Marshal Moncey was present, it was
Count Curial who commanded. The Baron d'Eroles and his
stair were near,the person of the Prince. The cannon an-
nounced to us to-day, at half-past nine o'clock, the departure
of his Royal Highness for Toulouse.

" All the troops returned this morning to their cantonments.
'rho two titiedrons or mounted ebasseurs from Coreassone
are united to two regiments in this department, and will form
the Ist squadron. The troops which tbrrnerly were No. 1. will
now be No. 2., and No. 4. will be No. O. No couriers from
Spain."

TontoneE, Mancti 27.—•. The T)uke of Angoultme, who
has returned fturn Perpignan, la to depart this day, at twelve
o'clock, for Bayonne.

CAMBRIDGE, Arm 3:

Thp cPlebrated Mr. BEr4oNr, who &Nerved! y
holds the first rank among the most enterprising of it elein tea,
Yellers, has preiented to the Fitzwilliarn :Museum the lid of it
Sarcophagus, found by hint in one of the tombs of the King*
at Thebes, in Upper Egypt. This interesting relic of antiquity
arrived here on Monday, and after considerable difficulty (its
weight being upwards of three tons) was placed in the court
of the Museum. It was brought to England with the rest
of the Egyptian - mointmenta, which Mr. Salt, his Ma.,
jefity`a Consul at Cairo, was enabled to collect, principally
through the zeal and ingenuity of Mr. Belzoni, and depo.
sited in the entrance court of the British Museum, from
whence it was removed by the Rev. O. A. Browne, last week,
by virtue of an order from Mr. Belzoni. The 14111 i) is compoicil
of a single,block of red granite; its length when entire exceeds*
probably ten feet, its breadth is about five feet. The Sur-
IN WC are informed.
ily wiall that its final
fienpiltstagwtot syi
ft sreolnfi,
it;;ist
ywphti,c ha
ntdh lisf twice! ohnvguart,
destination may be the same. The Museum would then pos.
semi an admirable counterpart to the splendid present it recetvi
from Alessi% Waddington and lianbury,—we allude to the
mummy, which, together with its ease, is one of the most per-
feet and beautifill that can be fpund in any known collection,
—.On the surface of this granite lid, executed with unccui.
men spirit, and in fine relief, repo. es the effigy of the trio.
tiara, whose remains were placed in the Sitropitagus
self. The figure is perfect, with the exception or the
lege, which are Mutilated. On either side of the linag.e (within
whose bends are tin emblems which Osiris constantly carries)
appears tho profit; of female figure, whose hands lOtleh the
hotly. On a 'line with these figures, we can clearly trace the
Egyptian snake, that invariable companion of all their mystic
and sepulchral processions, as we behold theta represented in
the plates to Belzoni'm volume; whilst a snake of uncommon
size encircles. nearly the whole of the slab. Several hicroijly.
Odes arc very visibly and distinctly carved on the rim ; atx to
the reader's of hieroglyphics we must look for Information a
regard to the name of the monarch, whose effigy is here repre-
wilted ; nor indeed do we despair in this respect, since very ex-
traordittury discoveries towards the decypftering of Egyptian
inscriptions have been lately made by Doctor Young
and ethers, but more especially by an ingenious Frenchman,
named Champollion, who has addressed a letter on this tstihj,;,et,
to the Secretary of the French Academy, in which he has de-
veloped his plan, and has apparently established almost an en-
tire alphabet of the sacerdotal characters in Egyptian inscrip-
tions. Mr. Champollion, we are informed, reads with fa-
cility the mysterious writings on the wills of the tomb of
Rimini. (or rather of Petosiris), which Belzoni constructed
at 'Paris, and explains them with great fluency. A fae-sii
mile is taking of the hieroglyphics in question, and as
they are extremely distinct' and are occasionelly'contei led in a
eort of cylinder, or as it is it at I by Chittopoill, rt i 4
011010444' which was always the MSC *llO a profier 4,444
intoned,. it is far from improbable that sometlitog more than
Conjecture may be obtained th.regerd to the name of vie royal
occupant of the Sarcophagus. WC cannot close this par.igralli
without expressing our sincere hope that Mr. Belzoni,
in the arduous Journey upon which he is now embarking,
may meet with similar success to what has clowned his former
eftbrtit. No one certainly more fully tlemaiiiis anti deserves
n trust`
n the dial or
ptelsonti
eteryilt e
yierincemitultioritaii,gvee:iteftntehtigtofr
well
earnedteo.tithtetimen
an
, expedy,übli find
army firlit
moment, both in regard to the extension of knowledge and to
the benefit of manitind.—(Ceeittifike (-'hreakie.,)

PARIS PAPERS.

31Ancu 29.

'FROM TM; cOunan rnAsicass.)
•, On Sunday there was a „Council of Ministers,
held after the arrival of a courier who, some say,
came from Perpignan, and others from Berlin::
;.On the ..breaking.up of the council, pacific report.
,were circulated. FYesterday there was a renewal,
of the rumours to :which :we diave alluded respect..
ing the mediation said to have been solicited froM
Austria—a mediation which, joined to that of
England, would be eagerly accepted. An aato-
_graph letter, which the King of Spain is, •at the
suggestion of Sir William A'Court, to write to
the French Government to induce it not to make
war, is also the subject of. conversation. Theie
decorous pretexts for not commencing hostilities
it is said, would be eagerly et-nriice.d by even
the partisans of the war, who within. these some
days, past have .reverted to more moderate senti-
ments. There are, however, some men
,who
persist in their wish for war, and to whom the
• .first 'measures of General Dijeon's administratioa
have given much displeasure.
One of the Aides-tie-Camp of General Guil-
leminot arrived' on Sunday,' under the conduCt of
an officer of Gendarmerie.
Yesterday the natives of the South of France
assembled in great numbers. They proceeded
'as a deputation to their illustrious countryman,
isl. Manuel, to express to him the sentiments of
the high esteem which they entertain for his
patriotism, his courage, and his talents.
[senora Tilt CONSTITUTIQNNEIA •
•
On .Sunday, between three and four o'clock, a
.• considerable crowd collected in front of the Petit-
Pout of the - Hotel Dieu. was occasioned, it
a ppears..by- a quarrel between , a citizen and a
Swiss Guard; the former had maltreated and
• wounded the foreign soldier. The post of the
.Petit-Pont was speedily filled with troops, as
well ,as the environs. Tranquility was not in
. other respects troubled, but .numerous .aentinels
remained posted during the night.
[roost THE rit.oTE.) •
There is. again a talk of a demand of 50,000
men, by anticipation, upon the conscription of
1823, which will be made to the Chamber.
'A private letter from Bayonne, dated the 27th,
ult., informs us that the Trappist has been en-
tirt•ly defeated near Irun, and has returned to
Bayonne, followed only by one servant. It adds
t hat General Quesada, who had passed the Cron-
. tier, has also beets completely beaten.
.t,%dvices from the frontier, dated the 23d and
24th tilt. state, that two attempts have been made
- against Ilan by the combined bands of Gorostidi
and the Trappist, who only succeeded in burn-
ing two houses. The Constitutional troops has-
arrived and put the aggressors to flight.
Letters from Pampeluna, dated the 17th ult.,
'tote that. Colonel Pablo, with GO horse,' attacked.
body of the factious, consisting of 100 cavalry,
Mont Real, of whom they made 27 prisoners,
• nd took 56 horses, and various articles of mill»
ry clothing.
".liitelligence from St. Sebastian, dated the 23d
tilt., announces the arrival in that district of Ge-
neral Bat lasteros.
On the 26th ult. the Police Commissaries of
Ltordeanst proceeded to an hotel in that town to
~ arrest an individual who had been denounced by
superior .authority. They, however, only seized
two boxes belonging to him, as he had escaped.
A letter from Havre, dated the 31st ultistates
e!sat an order has been received in that port to
enrol the coast-guards.
His Excellency the Minister of Marine, has
charged the Commissary. of Marine to 'inform the
- commercial interests, that a frigate will sail from
the Isle of Aix to convoy merchant ships, and
that another will sail-from 13rest On the 14th of
May, after which no man of war will take charge,
of convoys until the month of September. This,
information has spread consternation in the mer-
.cantile community, .0.110, seeing that there will'
be no ships of war for the .protection of their
veSsels during an interval of four months, will beil
obliged to dismantle them. it is known, on
positive authority, that privateers have beets .fitted.
out at Plymouth and Liverpool, which only await
orders to snit.
" Extract of a Letter from Marseilles, dated 26th of March,
1823 Agreeably to my promise, I hasten to make known
to you what !has passed in this town since the scandalous scene
of the 18th inst.. On the following day, the theatre was closed
by order of theittaborities. Certum people were thus extremely
disappointed!", for they had projected the renewal of these did-
orders, They are not men, however, to be easily discouraged ;
:and accordingly they reserved themselves for the day of the ar-
rival of General Bridle, which took
.place on Sunday, the 22t1
instant. Whilst the hand of the regiment was honouring hen.
with a serenade, cries of " Down with the Liberaux I—War,
wit 6 the English I"—were re-echoed. Ptiblic tranquillity was
nut disturbed ; but a coffee-house was closed as a measure of pre-
cautien. Two other serenades were given to the General on
Mondry and Tuesday, which were only interrupted by some
cries et War for ever!" The public saw
,with pleasure that
the authorities had taken steps to prevent provocation, and it
was even remarked that M. the Mayor was amongst the crowd
of peirims whom curiosity: bad drawn together, It was not
doubted thathe was' present. with the view of ascertaining pub-
lic opinion, and what were .the views of the respectable class
and party men. lie might have convinced himself that
airiongst those who shouted ‘, War for ever I" there were some
unknown characters, and others who are well ki.own, either by
their former conduct or by the derangement of their affairs.
iviult is said in certain groups shout the stay on whiclitherrand
'»Ptindirnev will take place; that is to say, a sort of violence
whicit certain persons would offer in a certain case, to the opi-
.nions of thoSe who wish for and demand peace. But I know,
from a goad soterce, that superior authority ia inthrmed of these
-projects, and that no attack upon the liberty of citizens will be
allowed. Vigilance and firmness in this quarter may certainly
be.dependftt upon. With regard to myself, r I await. the day of
the grand rand4ago without apprehenston t I shall not fail to
take my customary walk to the guard-house, to learn the ar. rival. from sea, which daily decrease. All the porters are
thrown out of work. The artisans, and the whole industrious
chattel here, who are friends of order, unite with the mer-
A:bent and lendlimprietor in ardent wishes that peace may not
be disturbed.
M. Martainville has resigned the editorship of
the Drapeau Blanc for that of the QuOlidienne.
The Memorial Bearaais announces that her
Royal Highness Madame was to arrive at Bor-
deaux on the 6th iostant. This journal adds,
that the geotlemeo of the mouth and glass, at.
..tentlant upon her Royal Highness, were expected
to precede her by three days.
-Marsbal..Belluno, Minister of War, and Major-
-General of the invading army, was at Bordeaux
the-08th ult. on his way to Bayonne. He did
scot make any stay..
[lmam TUE INCOME_
There is no longer a veil over the future, and
yet men are found who wish to .retake it be be-

lieved that,uncertiiinty etists-in the dispositionl
of the Government. This tactic is trite. In
time of pence they proclaim ‘var—in time of war
they cry up pence. They would thereby deprive
the Government of that moral strength which
they know to be so necessary to.empires. But
it is in vain that "these inf-n continuo their system'
of deception. The Royal words will be accom-
plished, and a .Frenell army, triumphant over
revolution, will become the firm bulwark of
legitimacy. .To-morrow the demand for- the army
of reserve will be made, and ere the lapse of a
few days, "the -words of a son of I...rance, uttered
in a solemn moment, Will be,eagorly re-echoed
by the Royalists of Spain and France. They
will be worthy or France., anti the cause -which
She is about to defend.
His Excellency the Duke de Belluno, Major-.
General of the French army, passed through
Bourdeaux on the morning of the 2Sth ult., on
his route to the army of Spain.
General Guilleminot cbritinues with the Duke
d'Angouleme, in the quality of chief of the staff.
Her Royal Highness Madame will set off to-
morrow (Wednesday) morning, nt ten o'clock,
from the castle of the Tuileries.
Evnom TUE QUOTIDIENNE.I
Her Royal Highness the Duchess d'Angouleme
will set otf on Wednesday. She will be accom-
panied by Madame the Duchess de Damns,
Madame the Viscountess d'Agoult, and Madame
the Marchioness de Hiroo, ladies of her house-
hold, and by the Marquis tie Vibraye, and M.
tha. Viscount d'Agoult, gentlemen of honour.
His Royal Highness the peke d'Angouleme

returned to Toulouse from Perpignan on the 25t

ult. at half-past 2 o'.elock. At noon on Maundy-
Thursday (27th ult.) the Prince Generalissimo
set off for Bayonne.
A report from Marshal Moncey, which has
reached Government, contradicts all the state.
wilts from the frontiers which have been recently
circulated, and gives the best idea of the spirit
of the soldiers, and the most positive and fa-
vourable information respecting the situation of
the army.
Notwithstanding the affection with which the
Liberal Journals have remarked upon the manner
in*which the last Royal Ordinances are counter-
signed, we again say, that M. the Marshal Duke
de Belluno has not ceased to he. Minister of War.
TRIBUNAL OF THE CORRECTIONAL POLICE.
Messrs. Rouen, Sensier, Sang, Parra,- Charlear, anti Des-
lopes, appeared this day before the Court, on a charge of having
uttered seditious cries on the day of M. Manuers exclusion
from the Chamber.

A great number of witnestes were heard on both sides, but
the further hearing was adjourned.
The responsible editor of the Lunes Pa ririenneo has been sen-
tenced by the 7th Chamber to two months' imprisonment, and
a tine of 300 francs.
CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES.—Stymo or 3lanctt 31.
During the transaction of some preliminary business, the Pre-
sident of the Council, the Keeper of the Seals, the Ministers for
Foreign Aflitirs, for the Interior, .and for ,Marine, and Count
Dijeon, charged with the portiyhtille of the war department,
were introduced and took their seats.

The discussion which was fixed for the day was the law of
Finances, and it was opened by 11. de Labourdonnaye, whp, in
a speech of considerable length, contended that the budget,
being presented in time of war, and yet, not including all the
expenditure required for a period of peace, was, in reality, a
mere fiction, which did not deserve the honour of serious
cession. The object was to create a false impression as to the
real state of the finances of the country. He then proceeded to
animadvert upon the tardy and indecisive policy of M. de Vil-
la! with regard to anti upon the failure of his promises,
when he entered the :Ministry, that Royalist principles should
obtain a signal triumph.
" Are we," continued M. do Labourdonnaye, " to regard, as
the triumph of Royalist doctrines, those long and ridiculous
efforts at conciliation between an active revolution and the
King whom it has dethroned ?—conciliation, whose success
would only teach the factious of every country that it is merely
necessary to succeed in overturning every thing, in order, after-
wards, to obtain every thing front a short-sighted policy, which
seemed to replace royalty on the throne only the more to hunts.
hate it. Are we to consider as the triumph of Royalist doe-
trines, that ambulatory diplomacy, placed in the rear of our
army, to watch for a moment of. eakness, and to seize upon con-
ciliation, by surprise, which would now be the more odious, be-
cause it would seem less the result of the free will of the mo-
narch, who has always rejected it, than of that weariness of
captivity, now the snore goring from the barbarity of being
dragged from dungeon to dungeon ? Are ,we to regard as the
triumph of Royalist doctrines, the impunity of those provoca-
tions to disobedience in the army, which all France has witnes-
sed ? Are we to regard. as the triumph of royalist doctrines, the
impunity of those attacks against every thing which is most au.
gust in France, and which has so long been permitted in the
columns of certain journals ?"
Adverting to the preparations made for carrying on the war
against Spam, M. de Lahourdonnive thus proceeded :
" Undetermined as to your projects, you dare not either en-
tirely get rid of a war which it would be too dangerous now to
abandon, nor
,yet enter upon it et once, in the spirit of decisive
enterprise, which you know not how to manage, which you
cannot conduct with sufficient vigour to be certain of success.
Titus, by the most. astonishing, the most fatal contradiction,
the army, full of ardour, remains upon ourirontier, and no
measures are yet taken to lead it rapidly to the spot where the
Spanish revolution should be decided. Illy the same astonish-
ing and fatal contradiction, the apparent preparations. are for
war. while the real ones are for peace. You attil remain upon
your own territory, where two seas unite to give every flicaity
for establishing magueines, which you have had six months to
prepare, and already „your cavalry is in want of forage, and
the most urgent want is felt on very side."
Bxclamations on the right and the right contre—" False !
false I Leave those impostures to the Revolutionary Jour-
nals 1"

A voice--" That is not said from the Tribune."
M. de. Labourtionnaye.--" I say it because I. am certain of

Several voices,—" It should not be said, even if it were
Tue."

Other Memders—" Happily it is false."
M. de Labourdonnaye contined, and complained that under
a Royalist Ministry all the various offices were not given to per.
sons sufficiently devoted, sufficiently energetic, to cause the laws
to be executed. Re concluded with the followin„
_fi• declaration
" Limited to the single power of' refusing my suffrage, I vote
against the project of- law, because the system of finance upon
which it is founded is destructive of credit, burdensome to the
Treasury,. and-tharrotts to the -Timms.- i vote against tt
be-
cause it would be compromising the interests of Prance' anti of
the legitimate dynasty, to grant to the Presidentef the Council
of Ministers the means of perpetuating a system of imbecility
and temporising, whieh,is dragging us rapidly into revolution,
by means of anarchy."
Several voices on the right called fir the printing of the
speech; but a greater nutnber exclaimed, ofno:"- The
question for printing WWI put to the vote, and rejected by an
immense trivority. M. Delacroix-Frainville, and other mem-
hers of the left centre, united with the great majority of the
right, and the whole of the right centre, in voting against
the motion. The extreme left of the Chamber continues to
be deserted, and its benches are filled with the Deputies of the
right.

-The President of the Council of Ministers immediately re.
plied—Gentlemen, I Intaint this tribune solely for the purpose
of explaining some facts which have been brought forward by
the former Speaker, and the Ilubliention of which might have
unpleasant consequences on public credit and on the general state
of our Finances.

The orator you have heard accuses the Minister of Finance
of having presented a fictitious Budget fir i 8 4, a Budget in
which the expellees are estimated; notwithstanding the ap.
pearance of an approaching war, at a sum insufficient for a
state of peace. I have only one answer, to make to this Maser.
Lion. By the Budget for 1824, the same luta is allowed to
each Minister, as he is eharged to employ in the service of his
Department for 1824 calculated for a state of peace. If the
last Speaker means, by a fictitious Budget, that, in 1824, we
shall be in a state of war, and that therefore theestimated ex-
pences will not be large enough, he. ought clearly to have ex-
plained this.
M. de la Bourdonnaye said, I stated that the Budget, would
be insufficient even for a state of . peace, and particularly with

the reductions which the Committee propose in- the departmental
of the war and of the -navy.
M. de Villele—lt is a Budget for peace which we have pre-
sented to the Chamber, and we have clearly explained ourselves
on this subject. When,, at the beginning of 1823, it was fore-.
seen that there might he expences .in that year which would
render the calculations for 1822 insufficient, we demanded a
supplemental and eventual credit of .100. million francs, we ex.
planted ourselves on this subjectin axnanner not at all equivo.,
cal. We made two parts of our expences and ourrevenue, we'
said (and this contains the most positive answer which can be
made to the allegations the Chamber has heard), we said— 1
" The taxes are only necessary to cover the interest of the'
debt, provide for its increase, and meet the ordinary expences
of the year ; by loans we are to provide for that part of the tem-
porary and extraordinary expences for which the produce.of
taxes would not be sufficient without overburthening the people,
injuring prosperity, and re-production, and consumption.'"
These are the very words .we used in explaining the motives.
for the financial regulations.
It is, however, asserted, and insisted on, that the'war, even
supposing it terminated in -1824, will leave the Minister of War:
very much in arrear. Ought we not rather to suppose, on the,
contrary, that if the war is terminated in 1824, the Minister of
War will have superabundant funds? The cavalry has been
spoken of s But even admitting that in the present state of
things we shall he obliged to purchase a large number of horses,
it seems to me that some of them will remain far-1824, and
that at least, the expence of the remounts will be diminished
by the number of horses preserved, and that it will not be tie•
cessary to aquire any more.
The moteiye/ has been spoken of,; I reply to this also, that,

at the end of, 1023, we are eo happy as to.hitve funs e le war,
we shall possess a ver valuable materiel, compared with what
we before possessed,.ior we have been obliged to expend con-
siderable sums in purchasing materiel. -
The necessary increase in the number of our soldiers, and
consequently in their pay, has also been mentioned. Was it for
the Government, after being obliged to demand so many mo-
mentary sacrifices fbr 1823, to foresee an augmentation in the
number of troops for 1024 ? No. The Government could not
foresee, at such a distance, this augmentation, and demand of
you the sacrifices necessary to provide for this augmentation.
Its duty, therefore, was to restrict itself to the estimates for
1823, the last year of peace to which the expence of future
years could be compared.
There is nothing false;therefore, in the budget for 1824.
It has been said that a reserve of 24 millions should have been
carried to the budget of 11124, as compared with former budgets.
To make this assertion more evident to die Chamber, it was:
added, that the only reason why the Minister would not make_
this reserve, was because he did not -know how to contain him-
self at the display of a trifling advantage of a raving (economic)
of 43 millions.
It is hi this manner they speak of the. 43 millions which at
the expiration of 1022 remained in the Treasury unappropri-
ated; but the word saving ( economic), which was designedly
used to render the allegation supportable, is not the proper
word. Whatever may be said, of the 43 millions here in ques-
tion, it is certain that at the end of 1022 was in the Treasury
and disposable. Neither in the report to the Kink, nor in the.
speechesof the Ministers in the Chamber, will you find that
this excess of 43 millions is represented as an actual seeing. A'
Minister can never justly boast of having effected a saving till
he has been fortunate enough to carry on the service for a less
sum than he had been allowed ; but this was not the case with
the excess in question. No Minister can boast of having ef-
fected a -, saving of 43 millions, fbr this sum is merely the,.
excess of the revenue above the expenditure ; it does not pro-
ceed from a lessening of expence but from an 'increase .of
revenue.

A large part of the speech to irtlich I have..to -reply has teen
devoted to represent the T
.Treasury, and the finances in such a
state that it is impossible to provide for the most urgent wants.;
that the Treasury is at the mercy of creditors for sums about to
become due, and has maintained that oar only resource was to
profit by the rise in the public funds, to.sell our. renter at a high,

The orator has certainly never' had the,intention of accusing
us of the present situation of the 'finances, as far tis public credit
is concerned, and yet he reproaches the present ;Minister of Fi-
nance with ulterious contradictions. •He says to Isitn.—" You
borrow to-day on terminable securities, (valenrs d eelleancer
and formerly you were among. the first to thew how very .4an-
gerois were such sorts of loans. _ _

I am not afraid that the speech I.formerly delivered fromthis.
Tribune, should be opposed to what I .say at present. I can point
out to you with the same sincerity, the motives which formerly
dictated my remarks and thoSe which now dictate them. At that
time, I suggested to the Aliniater of Finance to do, what.l would.
immediately do, if I had the Power. .1 said to him, " The price
of the Rentes is high, you Are in a state of peace and prosperi.
ty, which nothing is likely, to interrupt, And still, for mere
speculation, you preserve 200 millions of floating debt rather
than negotiate those Ratites of which you have the disposal. It
is because I foresaw the lipecies of financial embarrassment in
which we are at. present, that •1 ..then said the operation they
were carrying on was injurious to the interests of tire State."
I said, since you can make the operation definitive, and nego-
tiate your Rentes at an advantageous orate, sell them imme-
diately, and do not allow the future to remain loaded with a
floating debt of 'NO millions. 'I said then, as In a late speech,
that the ordinary revenues •of the Stateought to cover the or-
dinary expenditure, and that.the loans ought only to be had re-
course to .for the extraordinary expenditure. For these latter
it:is necessary to preserve the means of credit unimpaired.
There is not, therefore, Gentlemen, any contradiction on my
part. It is for the general interest, It is Part of a good financial
system to convert as much as possible the debt into a funded
debt, when it can be done at a reasonable rate; but I have
always thought, that when weighty circumstances prevent such
an operation, it is necessary to have recourse to the only sup.
portable means which are authorized by the circumstances of
the moment.

Mathes happened ? The wears are.to bepaid in money ;
the first fifth has been postponed, and its reimbursement will
not incommode us ; fort will take place by terminable annul.
ties, so that we cannot suffer any actual difficulty, but the li.
quidation of these arrears came at a time when there remained
in the hands of the Finance Minister about twelve millions of
Rented for the payment of what was due to foreigners. To this
expence another has succeeded equally extraordinary. the le.
comity of paying the last 100 millions of the expence of oc.
cupation. We.have since had to pay the second fifth of the
promissory notes (reconnais sanees de liquidation.) Now we
have the expence of another war to support by loans. .
The payment of the expellee of the foreign occupation was
not concluded when the first promissory notes expired. The
Annuities terminated at the end of lust December, and then
the Rentes which represented them were sold. The whole of
1822 has been taken up with realizing the loan destined to
pay so many promissory notes, as the last 100 millions due
to foreigners, and it .was only at the end of 1822 that cir-
cumstances arrived which made It necessity to issue Rentes.
Hut, I ask, was a sale of Helices possible at this period ?
Was it possible, honourably, to do it, even if it had been
in fact possible. And if the Government had permitted itself
to do it, would the Conditions of the bargain have been kept
by the lenders ?

Gentletnen, your consciences have already replied, and you
are convinced, that nothing can be imputed to the Minister on
account of our financial situation. But is this situation what
has been described by thettreceding_ speaker ? Was it necessary
to paint it in such dark colours ? To clear up this matter, I
must give the Chamber turd the public some explanation., in
order to make known what is in fact the .true situation of the
Government, as. to its finances.
In laying before you the state of the Treasury at this time, I
shall sufficiently refute the dangerous) allegations of the last
speaker (M. de la flourdonnaye), and the consequences which
he says will happen to the army of the Pyrenees ; this Gentle-
mm has stated that the army is in want .of every thing, the
Climber shall judge of its real state.
The Trcasury has Made some advances on the Rentes which
you created to pay both the arrears and the extraordinary ex-
Pences of thornilitaty service of 1023. This sum of Rentes is
raised, as I‘l, de lit Bourdormaye has said, to 23 millions, but
he has forgotten in this enumeration, thnt a Jean was destined
to'meet debts which fortunately are not yet tide, and which will
not be till after this year. Again, the Treasury has paid with.
out selling any names, for which I have given the Chamber
the reason. It has paid, I say, seventy millions of protnis-
sory notes ( reconnoissances (lf liquidation ), which became
due last year, and to meet which a new loan has been made.
The Government has still to pay a new sum of seventy mil-
lions of renter which became due on the 25th of March, this
year; anti it unites with this service half of the rents inscribed
in the great book. Now there remain to the Treasury to pay on
the promissory notes; 10,&00,000 francs to bearers who have not
presented themselves. There also remains 'to pay on half of
the perpetual debt, 27,500,000 francs, for which the annuitants
7
have not presented themselves but the accounts are made up
Thus having provided for all the service, and reimbursed 140
millions of promissory notes that • were due, the Treasury still
owes a sum of 38 millions lions to meet all the payments. The ob-
ligations of the Treasury are clear ; the following are the re-
sources to which it has had recourse to fulfil them.
The Royal Treasury demanded of the Bank of France 100
millions, which it lent ,at a most reasonable interest. It is
not, however, but an open credit, and on the 100 millions
that are at his disposal, the Minister of the Finances has
only yet demanded fifty, and, fifty more remain to him to
touch ; and it is out othese fifty millions that he will pay'
the thirty-eight for which no adequate provision is made.—
Still the public Treasury had to provide for other expences,l
and these are the extraordinary expenses for which we demanded
of you an eventual credit of one hundred millions. It mkt I
not be thought that the Minister believed this sum of 100 j

Zillions sufficient to meet all the expences of the war. Ile was
before hand aware that there must be on such an- occasion sums
proportioned to the extraordinary expenses for which there might
be need. Thus having treated with the Bank for 100 millions, it
treated with several other Bankers for fortrmore. These two
loans form altogether 140 millions, which represent the sum paid
by the Treasttly for the two first-fifths of the promissory notes.
The conditions on which the Treasury has treated are not those
• supposed by thOast speaker ; for these funds have been granted
at we per Cent. interest, and there is allowed a commission of
one-eighth for Abu months to the person who being charged
with these funds..is alone to negociate about them. The Tres-
sury'has eveifiiven'up issuing other bills while this sale shall
continue. This has not been attended with difficulty to it, for
after having provided.for its wants, it has no other negociation
to make.

The following is the.total amount of the issue of these bills:—
There has been given .to ,the Bank, in exchange Francs.
for 50 millions, which it lent, a like sum of Bills 50,000,000
In the Chest for Deposits, with which we con-
stantly keep a Current Account, 5 millions of
Royal Bills - . - 5,000,000
In the Marine Chest . 4,000,090
To different Correspondents of the Treasury - 10,009,000
To the person who treated for the 40 millions, that
arc to be instantly furnished us

J,000,000

Total - 78,000,000
Of these 78 millions, -19 are in circulation. As for the rate
of interest at which these sums have been agreed for, it is vari-
ous, from 8.1 to 4 and S per cent. Now then the sitpation of
the Treasury is perfectly established.
Of the 100 millions that we borrowed from the Dank, only
50 have ,been touched; there still remain 50 to receive : the
demands on the Treasury are 3/3 millions only ; and there will
be an overplus of 12 millions to meet its future wants.
M. de Vauklanc, and' M. de St. Cricq, Royal Commissary
and Director-General of Customs, followed, after which the
discussion was adjourned till the following day.

. CHAMBER. OP DEPUTIES, APRIL 1.
The sitting opened at two o'clock, and the assembly pro.
ceeded to the Order of the Day on the Project of the Law of
the Finances for lON.

A long anti tedious disatission took place on a point of order,
which terminated in M. Leroux de Uhatelet reading a long dis-
course, in wliicli, after dilating on the war with Spain, the re.
volution, the Carbonari, and the Minister, he concluded by
moving several amendments.
M. Straforells then read a discourse in favour of the law.
M. de Bouville followed, anti proposed as an amendment,
that 240 millions should be raised, and placed at the disposal of
the Minister, redeemable according to a plan which he sub-
mitted. Be then suggested a system of finance to remedy the
inconvenience arising from the creation of renter. (This sys-
tem will be fully developed on the discussion of the amend-
ment.)
M. de Villele began by eulogizing the suggestion of M. de
Bouville, to whose system lie nevertheless was decidedly op.
posed. 'We have, said Al. de Villele, hut two modes of supply..
mg our wants--by taxes, for meeting the ordinary demands on
Government, and by the creation of rentes for supplying the de-
ficiency of such taxes. The only difficulty felt by Government
at this moment is, the having an accumulation of such 'elites
on hand. But the inconvenience is, nevertheless, not so dan-
gerous as is represented. We have at present an issue of renter
to the amount of 180 millions; of' these 66 millions are already
rendered immoveable, and the redemption fund operates on
the remaining 114 millions, with a capital of 80 millions.—
Since the .Ist of January that fund has not been shackled by any
further issue.
M. de Villele concluded by declaring that the State was ra-
pidly approaching towards the point at which it will be com-
pletely liberated from difficulty. Our situation is altogether
transient.; it is not the effect of war—it is that of threatened
war, and of the uncertainties which attend that menace ; and
that which is most greatly dreaded by the French is—incerti-
tude. lie finally expressed his belief and hope that this ex-
planation would be satisfactory to the Chamber, and dissipate
the general inquietude.
M. Hyde de Neuville, with extraordinary volubility, read a
discourse, in Whichlie declaimed with ',Treat treat against the re-
volution and the tyranny of office, which he termed the ultimus
moriens. Ile complained loudly that there hail been no efficient
reduction in the expenses of the administration of the Interior,
whilst the funds of the Office for Foreign Affairs were insuffi-
vient to maintain the honour of the nation.—(lnterruption by
Protracted iwals of laughter.)
M. Hyde de Neuvill-C.-1 don't conic here to plead my cause
'peak of subalterns.
This Deputy at length concluded a speech of an hour and a half,during which the greater part of die Members had quitted
the Hali.
The Sitting closed at 6 o'clock.
BOVIIDEAUX, MAncir 2D' Madame the Duchess of An-
gouleme will arrive at Bourdeaux on Sunday, the 6th of April,
We give this news as positive, at once to remove all incertitude,
and to satisfy the impatience of the faithful Bordelais.
M. de Martiginte, King's Civil Commissary, attached to the
army, alighted yesterday at the llotel de la Providence, having
arrived from Paris. Ile will quit Bourdeaux to-morrow, to re-
pair to his post.
VIENNA, 31 Atte u .--The Austrian Observer of this day
contains the following intelligence:—
" C'onstantinople, Feb. 28.—0 n the 14th inst. two events
happened at Pere, which, although unconnected with public
*flaw, or military discipline, have excited a lively sensation :
_A French supercargo, named Baissin, had had repeated vio-
lent altercations with several workmen, who affirmed that they
had grievous cause of complaint against him. They assassinat-
ed him in the open street.
" The other tragical event which has made greater noise is
Don Collard, Chancellor of die Catholic Archbishop of Con-
stantinople, was assassinated in his house, at night, by villains
who hail effected an entrance. The murderers have not yet been
discovered ; but as they carried off a considerable sum of money
and important papers, it is presumed they will soon be detect-
ed. The day following this assassination, the Topoltigi-Bachi,
to whom the charge of the Police of Pere is confuted, was
dismissed.
" The Marquis de Latour-Maubourg, Ambassador of France,
left Constantinople on the 20th February. Some claims which
remained unanswered, not allotaing of his having an audience
of reception of the Grand Seignor, lie set off without taking
leave ; but on the day following that on which he departed,
the Count tie 'Beaurepaire, whom the Marquis lest as Charge
d'Affaires, was received by the Grand Vizier and the other
Ministers of the Porte."
BAYONNE, MARCII 22..-The pontoons and, other prepara.'
lions for passing the Bitiassoa are now completed. We con-
tinue in the persuasion, and the great movements which we
witness confirm it, that the 'arrival of the whole army is alone
waited for in order to enter Spain, though we cannot determine
the day on which the entrance of our troops will take place.—
All the officers' belonging to the first division. who were in
this town, received orders, three days ago, to join their corps,
anti they set off instantly. We have official advice, that
his Royal Highness the Duke d'Angoultme will arrive here
on the 41st.
Troops continue arriving : since the arrival of' the Duke de
Reggio in our town, the movements have been doubly active;
to-day all the troops in this vicinity will be reviewed by his
Excellency.
A letter from tire frontiers states that the Constitutionalists
continue to occupy the border villages, such as Itocabrtina,
Mollo, Espinavella, Bap.,et, &c. The forces which are assem-
bled are estimated at 5,000 men. They have evacuated Cam-
predon, and have only left at Olot and Ripal a simple garrison,
composed of die inhabitants of the district. •
The decree of the Cortes has been published at Barcelona,
which ordains the deposit of gold and silver plate,precious stones,
and other valuable articles, in the fortresses, in order to preyent
theirfelling into the hands of the,Royalists and their allies, who
are about to invade Spain. •

A Centiewnn who has just arrived here from
a tour through France, brings intelligence that it
is exceedingly probable the French army will
never cross the Pyrenees. lie describes the
people, wherever be went, as exceedingly dis-
affected to the war, and (which is a strong." sign
of the times" under such a Government) as not
afraid to avow their opinions. In the Cafes, in
the diligences, wherevet he went, he heard'
the same expressions of disapprobation against
war mingled with imprecations is la Fran.
caise on its abettors. All private letters
concur in the assertion that the Army of the
Pyrenees has more to do with the existing con-
spiracies than the Ultra Prints are willing to
admit. Instead of 100,000 men, scarcely 60,000
can be assembled, who, partly from dislike to
the enterprize, and partly from fear of the
Spanish mode of warfare, are much more apt to
look behind than before them.---(Southampton
Chronicle.)

The Chief-Justicaship of Ely is vacant by the
c,
death of nowAtto CuteISTIAN, Esq.