The Sun.
London, England, 1841-08-16 00:00:00

NEW YORK MARKETS, JULY 31.

ASHES.—The market this week closes firmly for first
sort pots at 5,50 dollars, and for first sort pearls at
5,64 The receipts of ashes during the week were 732
barrels, and the shipments 224 barrels. The stock of
pots since Saturday last has increased 220, and the
stock of pearls decreased 205 barrels, showing a net
gain in the stock of 15 barrels,,.-
COTTON.—Since the publication of our weekly review
of Saturday la'.;'<fie arrival of the Great Western has
given inft_ranation as to the state of the Liverpool mar-
katf, to the 13th, and Havre to the 12th of the present
month. The intelligence, though rather unfavourable,
has had no farther effect upon our market, so far as we
can learn, than to give it a rather more quiet tone.
The sales of the week ending last evening were 3,250
bales, of which say 2,500 were Upland and Florida at 81
to 10i 450 Mobile at 9to 12, and 800 New Orleans at
81 to 111 cents. The arrivals during the same period
were 3,306 bales.
The market closes very dull. The sales yesterday
amounted to only about 150 hales, and we have heard of
no sales this morning.
FLOUR AND GRAIN.—FIour has been in good demand
throughout the week until to-day, and prices continued
to improve until a few sales of good brands fresh
ground Genesee were made at
$3, and from store at
$5,87i, being an advance of 37i a 50 cents. upon the
prices of Saturday last. To-day the market is heavy,
and we can hear of no sales. There are no buyers at
$6. Georgetown flour moves off slowly at $5,75, an

improvement of 25 cents. per barrel upon the quotation:
of this day 'week:
Corn is, Worth. 66 cents. for Southern„and 70 cents.
for Northern, both measure. Two or three small car-
goes of North Carolina wheat have been disposed 'of,
this week at $1,14 a $1,23 per bushel, according to
quality.

S?AIN AND THE POPE.
The following is the manifesto published by the Spa-
nish Government in answer to the allocution of his Ho-
liness, which has appeared in our columns :
" The Christian world will with as much surprise as
regret have received the allocution of his Holiness,
which,' delivered in a secret Consistory, was immediately
published throughout both Spain and Europe. In form
this document is expressive of, the deepest affliction and

grief—in reality it is a violent invective, bitterly accusing
the Government and Spanish nation of being the perse-
cutors of the Church. Their faith is doubted, and they

are menaced with exclusion from the pale of Christianity

unless they return to themselves,•so that a seven year;'
war, brought on and protracted by the ambition of
reigning, was not a sufficient ill to the coun-
try, but that, having been terminated by the
generosity of two parties in Spain, the common Father
of the Faithful must cast on their half extinguished
flame—a new brand—to excite the Christian world to

spill oceans of blood, and to convert the civil war into

one of religion. Now, in these times of odious memory,
when a menace from the Vatican would suffice to shake
the earth, and agitate the nations of it, doubtless their
motive is very hostile ; but it shall also be in like man-
lier opposed, On this, as on many other occasions,
Spaniards will discern what they owe to their faith, and
what to their independence and surety ; what to the real
interests of the Church of Jesus Christ ; and what the

unjust and ever-encroaching pretensions of the Church
of Rome. The Government of her Majesty will not
descend to controversy ; will not enter into the laby-
rinth of subtleties and subterfuges, which is the refuge
for every contested point, and • every new question, and
to support which a new maxim, or a principle, is
aiduced, a new example or an old one produced for imi-
tation. No, such a step were unworthy a great, a noble
people, the Spanish Government will come to the point
direct and resolutely. Exposing concisely and candidly
the events that have taken place since the death of Fer-
dinand the Seventh, Government will show to Spain and

Europe 'on which side they may seek' moderation, inge-
nuousness—on which obstinacy and absence of reason—
so that no surprise will be possible at the just and vigo-
rous part the Government will take for the defence of
the great interests confided to- its vigilance and -zeal.
Scarcely was the monarch dead, than his Holiness
gave himself up to expressions of the deepest grief,
and offered to address to the Most High fervent pra3 ers
for the preservation of the kingdom from every dis-
aster, the kingdom which he styled the orphan of
her father. This had been a noble and pious wish,
if unaccompanied by doubt on the part of the Sovereign
Pontiff as to the legitimacy of the succession of our be-
loved Queen to the inheritance of her Sire. To this
doubt was subsequently added his refusal to recognise
her until the Holy Father had agreed with the other
Powers, and also new complaints respecting the abuse to
which certain journals gave themselves up against the
ecclesiastics. Thus did his Holiness himself commence

the disaster he pretended to fear, framing all the time
new excuses in anticipation of new insults. _ _

" To dispel these doubts, the Pragmatic Sanction of
the 31st of March, 1830, was invoked, comprising the in-
tentions of Ferdinand, and the evils of all classes
of the State was communicated to him, they tak-
ing the oath of allegiance to the King's heiress, the
Princess Isabella, recognised and obeyed as Queen of
the Spanish nation. But the Holy Father recognised .
in the Pragmatic Sanction, only an important do-
cument, worthy of examination when the question should
be definitively on the eve of settlement—the weakness in
Spain of the party of Don Carlos was represented to him
—the small number of troops by which he was followed,
that he was countenanced scarcely by one province or by
one capital—by one fortress. Yet his Holiness expressed
doubts, and inclined to a belief in the papers he received.
" The question was insisted on ; the little show of
reason there was to deny to the :young Queen' in whose
favour so many riots militated, what was granted to
Don Miguel in PortitaValthatigh a usurper and noto-
rious perjurer. IlisJPliness answered, that the recog-
nition of Don Migsta gaee only subsequently ..
to, a two years' peaceable riossesifron, and on the express
condition that although,' ant ex sting sovereignty was.
recognised, it was without detriment to the claims
of the Pretender. The Spanish Government, never-
theless, answered the complaints of the ecclesiastics
by suppressing the offensive articles and punishing the
writers, although it acknowledged the impossibility
of gagging calumny whilst matter for censure was
given. And when so many of both the secular and the
regular ecclesiastics, not only were led away by the bad
example excited in others, but also themselves became
the movers and promoters of sedition, commanding the
rebels, directing the pillage of the localities, carrying
destruction and murder amongst peaceful habitations
—when the religious ,houses were transformed into
clubs of conspirators— when the churches were turned
into depots for ammunition and powder—it was not easy
to conceal such scandalous outrages from the public, nor
to suppress in the public papers the indignation of parties,
nor the malice of those 'who furnished the intelligence.
The whole of these prpceedings were officially consigned to
the documents to wlaicli his Holiness referred, and it was
indeed extraordinary", tfia the calutnny should be so se-
verely reproved, and nothing done to suppress the infamy
whence it sprung, and which cherished it still. The
ministers of. God and Peace, transformed into ministers
of discord-and desolation, could-hut bring upon them-
selves the execrations of the public, and it was not to be
expected that on presenting themselves before the people
still covered with blood and crimes, they could command
that respect which is due only to sanctity of conduct.
Such excesses might have been in their origin repressed
by the Prelates ; but these rsndered doubtful and unde-
cided by the silence of his Holiness, durst not hazard
their intervention for the repression of such scandalous
excesses, and this apparent indifference augmented the
disorders, so that if the dangers of religion and the in-
consistencies of litr ministers had again increased,
the blame must !gin justice have been cast upon
the conduct of ski many of her unworthy mem-
bers, and attribute"' to the silence of their head

pastors. Such gr , considerations, such serious
consequences, which could never be considered irreli-
gious or revolutionar , found no response in the bosom of
his Holiness, who wa, notwithstanding, prompt to com-
plain of the summary and continual executions of the
condemned ecclesiastics, as if, arrested arms in hand,
they merited some better fate, or more respect than any
other rebels. Thus passed away the time in useless ne-
gotiations, without any advancement of the question,
which, however, was terminated by the categorical reply
made to our Ambassador at Rome by the instructions
forwarded to Cardinal Tiberi, Nuncio to his Holiness at
this Court, and to the Archbishop of Nice, appointed his
successor, but which instructions the latter never received,
the whole expressing his Holiness's refusal to acknowledge
Queen Isabella until her allies had done the same. There
still remained the entire ecclesiastical question, which
neither the Court of Rome nor that of Madrid could so
easily cut short. Several of the churches of the State hav-
ing no bishops, her Majesty's Government lost no time in
presenting to his Holiness the sage and virtuous ecclesi-
astics it deemed worthy the honour of episcopacy. In
such cases it is usual not to postpone the confir _nation
of such appointments, nor the exposition of the bulls,
in order that the fold of Jesus Christ be not too long
deprived of its pastors ; far from this, the Holy See,
from year to year, obstinately refused to fulfil this im-
portant duty ; sometimes by the help, of theological
subtleties, sometimes from interested motives, under the
cloak of benevolent concessions. The first difficulty
arose on the form of presentation without prejudice to
the Dynasty question, the fate of which was left to - the
fortune of war in the Peninsula ; in vain did the Go-
vernment, then faithful to the principle of condescen-
sion it had original:y adopted, propose divers forms, in
which, omitting the candidate's name, the difficulties
were surmounted, and the temporal interests of the
Holy Father guaranteed. The Court of Rome rejected
all, now under one pretext, now under another, but at
length proposed a medium apparently to it the best
suited to circumstances. It consented to omit in the
bulls, every presentation on the plea that his Holi-
ness acquiesced, of his own accord, and in virtue of his
Apostolic faith.
" As an instance were cited the Bishops presented by
the dissenting Government of America, whose nomina-
tion was -confirmed in the same terms as that of the
Spanish Bishops ; finally it was said that the patronage
of the Crown was notwithstanding recognised, and that
his Holiness would make an official: declaration to that
effect in a separate Act. The snare was skilfully laid,
but not sufficiently so to catch the Government. In vir-
tue of his right, established by the canonical laws, and
recognised in the most solemn manner by the Sovereign
Pontiffs of every age, her Majesty was invested with the
incontestable patronage of the Churches of her realm,-
and it were both dishonourable and impolitic for the
Government of Queen Isabella to consent to the positive
violation of her public right. 'Why seek to guarantee
the same by a separate Act, which would appear to be a
concession ?
" This was eluding the difficulty, and not setting
it aside in good faith. Government had carried
longanimity to the utmost extent of its duty, beyond
which it could not go without derogating from its dig-
nity, from the rights of the nation, and from the peroga-
tive of the Crown. A determination was taken to re-
ceive no further bulls confirmatory of Bishops—elect,
unless the rights of Crown-patrimage were expressly
mentioned in the terms proposed, or others analogous.
The of a protracted dissent of the Churches
of Spain, and the interruption of the relations of a
Catholic kingdom with the Sovereign Pontiff, might be
fatal ; but the immense responsibility of these fatal con-
sequences would weigh entirely upon him who accumu-
lated difficulties upon difficulties, delays upon delays,
and who would never come to an honourable resolution."

Among the varied property lately brought to the
hammer by Messrs. Foster, of Greek-street and Pall-
mall, who will in a few days sell the beautiful theatre of
Mr. Hamlet, the bankrupt, in Oxford-street, may be
mentioned the whole- of the interesting objects consti-
tuting the Adelaide Gallery of Practical- Science, which
on Wednesday was knocked down to Mr. Edwards, of
Charing-cross, for 700/. The proprietors have lost
90,000/. by this speculation, but saved sufficient frem the
wreck to cover all demands upon them.—Observer.
We can positively contradict the report that Ad-
miral Sir G. Cockburn goes to the Mediterranean in com-
mand of the fleet in that sea. Nothing of the kind has
yet been determined on. The officers named for the
command are Admirals Sir Philip Durham, Sir George
Cockburn, and Sir William Gage ; but we think the
latter will most probably be the Sea Lord of the Admi-
ralty. Sir James Graham, it is generally reported, will
be the First Lord of the Admiralty under Sir Robert
Peers Adminiotratiobi—Naval cfnd Military Gazette.