The Sun.
London, England, 1841-05-11 00:00:00

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114 J utt

LONDON:
TUESDAY, MAY 11, 1841.

The LORD CRAIICELL on, last night, reported to the
Lords Admiral STOPFORD'S acknowledgment of their
Lordships' thanks.

Another short discussion took place on the Corn-
laws, on the Earl of ROSEBERRY moving for some re-
turns to show the Earl of WINCHILSEA and RIPON that
the bread-tax, which is not a bread-tax, does in reality
abstract a large sum from the pockets of the people.
Earl FITZWILLIAM gave the landlords a proper cha-
racter, and showed that the present Corn-laws caused
enormous fluctuations.

Lord BEAUMONT deprecated such incidental discus-
sions, and Lord ASHBURTON insisted that the present
Corn-laws were intended to keep the price of wheat about
565. par quarter, which has been the case, he said, except
in two instances ; but those two instances he did not say
occurred within four years of each other ; and in the one
case the price was down to 365., and in the other up to 88s.
What delightful steadiness in price ! The short conversation
was instructive, particularly the remark of the Earl of
WICKLOW, that the United Kingdom produced sufficient
for the supply of the population, after the landlords:have
starved the population down to the supply. Their Lord-
' ships were entertained with conversation on this subject
till Seven o'clock, and then adjourned.
The House of Commons did nothing except receive
petitions and resume the adjourned debate. Mr. EWART
began and dwelt chiefly on the great commercial advan-
tage which would ensue from revising our tariff, of
which the sugar duties were a part. It would make
our country the entrepot for sugar, and place Great Bri-
tain in her proper position at the head of the commercial
nations of the world. He had as strong an abhorrence
of slavery as his Right Hon. Friend Or. LUSHINGTON,
but like him he could not forget what was due to our own
people out of compassion to the blacks.

.4Mr. HEATHCOTE took up the corn part of the question,
declared that the whole agricultural interest would
resist the proposed alteration of the Corn-laws. He
never knew them more determined. Mr. G ROTE looked
at,the measure as a part of a whole, and considered them
as a wise means of benefiting the people and extending
the resources of the State.

Mr. COLQUHOUN wished to confine the discussion to
sugar• and avoid free-trade ; at the same time he advo-
cated protection to the West Indies, which is only free-
trade, and was for keeping slave-grown sugar out of the
market.

Mr. GREG gave his hearty support to the Ministers,
and as Lord JOHN RUSSELL had carried Parliamentary
Reform after much opposition, so he hoped he would carry
this commercial reform. Though the people had suf-
fered much from the scarcity of sugar, he did not think
the Sugar-laws so bad as the Corn-laws.
Mr. WALTER wanted something done for our people,
but he did not think that the reduction of the sugar
duties was that something. He was for altering the
Poor-law, and the Nottingham election ought to con-
vince Members that the law must be altered.
Lord F. EGERTON would not deal with the financial
part of the question, and did indulge at great length on
the above part of the question, which, being an intangible
subject, is one of the happiest themes for declamation that
has been thrown before the Parliament for many years. It
will supply matter for a debate till Christmas. The
Noble Lord was prettily poetical at the end, and pro-
nounced a benediction on the ship which is to pierce, as
Mr. GLADSTONE has it, the "cincture" of malaria
which guards the coast of Africa, and to carry Sir
POWELL BUXTON'S plan of civilizing that vast continent
into effect.

Mr. LAIIOUCIIERE made an elaborate and statesman-
like speecht full of fact and grave arguments, worthy of
the high place he occupies at the head of the Board of
Trade. Unfortunately the Right Hon. Gentleman wants
impressiveness in his manner, and a far less able speech,
delivered with somewhat more vehemence, would have
had more effect on the. House, and. much less effect on
the country. He adverted to the trade question, the
financial question, and the slave question, and did justice
to them all.

Mr. GLADSTONE was the last speaker of the evening,
and he was extremely eloquent about the quantity of
sugar which the West Indies can produce ; about the
injury the Ministerial propositions would do to the West
India interest ; about the little benefit they would confer
on the revenue; and about the encouragement
they would give to slavery. Like other gen-
tlemen who have spoken on the same side, Mr.
GLADSTONE insisted very strenuously on the great and
abundant supply of sugar which our own possessions
were sure this year to furnish us. Last year, he thought,
when the price was very high, there might have been
some reason for the alteration in the sugar duties, but
this year, when prices are moderate and the sup-
ply certain, there was no pretext for it. There
were at least 207,000 tons of sugar coming for-
ward, which was more than ever had been consumed.
In such an argument there seems to us more effrontery
than candour. It is alleged on all hands, that were it not
for the West India monopoly, the consumption of sugar
would be doubled in this country. But the West India
monopoly having been very strict, scarcely a grain more
sugar has come into use than our colonies could supply.
Every grain they have supplied has been consumed. Last
year the price was at one time so high, that foreign sugar
was actually introduced into home consumption at the
enormous duty of 665. The consumption, therefore, has
been limited by the West India monopoly, and now Mr.
GLADSTONE and his friends, measuring the national
power to consume sugar by that quantity which
the West Indies has hitherto grown, tell the
public that the West Indies are coming for-
ward with an ample supply, because they are to
send in 5,000 tons more than,ever the West Indians al-
lowed us to consume before. 'They put food beyond
the reach of a hungry man, and then vow, because
he eats not, that he has no appetite. On the whole
the defender of well-poisoning made a clever speech
in favour of protection and against the slave trade,
humanity and 'interest coinciding charmingly ; and,
as it was propounded with a somewhat solemn tone,
it was supposed by the House to be very earnest and
impressive. On the Hon. Gentleman concluding, the
debate was again adjourned.
The House Adjourned at a Quarter before One.

A Pamphlet has been published by Messrs.
LONG 31 A rr, on the Corn-laws, which, from its
title, style,'and appropriateness, is to be taken,
we presume, as an official statement of the rea-
sons for proposing a fixed tax on corn, instead of
totally abolishing the nefarious impost. Amongst
those reasons) it is said that the land is heavier
taxed than the capital of the m4infacturer or

the merchant. At least, the writer presumes
that it is, and on that presumption justifies the
fixed duty as a protection to the owners of rent.
We will not enter into the question whether rent
be heavier taxed than other property, though we
are inclined to believe the statement fallacious ;
but if it be, what is the proper remedy—what
does. justice require? That other property be
taxed equally to rent. Let the proportions be
accurately ascertained, and we should make no
objection to such an equalization. But does the
writer propose to tax manufacturing and mercan-
tile capital.? No, he proposes to tax the poor
man's loaf. What a monstrous proposition !
What a complete non sequitur ! An injustice is
done by taxing rent higher than interest and
profit, and to remedy the injustice the
writer proposes to tax a third party, who receives
neither rent, profit, nor interest. Such a writ( r
will be laughed out of court, and if the Parlia-
ment adopt the proposition, it will only add to the
contempt—if to increase i, be possible—with
which that assembly is now regarded.
The supposition, too, that land is heavier taxed

than mercantile and manufacturing capital, and
that, therefore, the poor man's loaf is to be taxed
by a tax on a foreign corn, as a protection to the
landowner, leads to another proposition almost
as monstrous as the one adverted to, namely,
that the agriculturist is entitled to a drawback
when corn is exported, in order to enable him to
sell corn cheaply abroad. Foreign corn being
taxed to swell the rent of the landlords, the
cost of the production of corn is enhanced
to the farmer, and the public is to be doubly
taxed to enable him to sell it. We understand
what a drawback means when a tax is imposed
on an imported commodity, and taken back when
that same commodity is exported; but it seems
to us an abuse of terms to call a sum given on
home-grown corn, when exported, equal to the
sum paid on foreign corn, when imported, a
drawback. It is not a drawback—it is a bounty.
It is an extension of the protective system It
is another device to plunder the people for the
benefit of the landowners.

The reader must be well aware why it is pro-
posed. The effect of a fixed duty being to raise
our prices, in ordinary and average years, high
above those of the surrounding countries, we
shall never be able to export, and shall gene-
rally import. In very plentiful years, there-
fore, as the people would be fed in average years,
the price of corn would fall below what
would Temunerate the farmer, while he has
to pay the landlord's tax. To guard against this
effect, not of nature, not of any laws of society,
but of that very tax, and nothing else, which this
writer recommends, the bounty is to be given.
Is there never to be an end to such preposterous
legislation—such smiting labour, which pays all
taxes, on one cheek, and then smiting it on the
other to make both sides suffer equally—such
abortive attempts to remedy one injustice by the
infliction of another ? This is a childish and silly,
if it be not a wicked, device, which will find favour
with no party. If nothing better is to be the re-
sult of the Ministerial propositions than such a
cumbrous and vexatious scheme, the sooner they
are given up the better; and the sooner the Tories
in office are compelled—for they do know, at least,
how to submit—to do justice to the people, the
better.

We have given, in another part of the Paper,
a letter from Kendal, with the address of the
Kendal Abolitionists, which we earnestly re-
commend to the attention of Dr. LUSHINGTON
and his friends. The just and humane view taken
of the Sugar question, does honour to the sub-
scribers, and, we trust, will find many imitators.
While we feel for the negro in bondage, let us
not forget the sufferings of the many
thousands of our Christian brethren, who, on
account of the high prices of the necessaries of

life, and want of employment caused by our
wicked monopolies, drag out a life of greater
misery than even the African slave. With a

miserable pittance of Bs. or Os. a-week (and
many of them have not even that), with chil-
dren crying in vain for bread, and a
broken-hearted partner stinting herself for
food to preserve her beloved offspring,
and without any prospect under the present laws
of relief, an operative manufacturer is perhaps of
all other men the most miserable. If Dr. LUSH-
INGTON and the other one-sided philanthropists
will not listen to such suffering, will they listen
to the precepts of' that sacred book that forms
the present consolation and the future hope of
every Christian ? "He that provideth not for
his own, and especially for those of his own
household, has denied the faith and is worse than
an infidel." Infidels, and void of charity, are those
who can reserve all their sympathy for Africans
they have not seen, and refuse relief to men of
their own- blood and their own religion. But they
will not succeed. The war is now kindled against
the monopolists in every quarter. Even the
people of Ireland, till now in favour of the Corn-
monopoly, are roused to a sense of its injustice,
and will join the English and the Scotch hand-
in-hand in support of the beneficent measures of
the Government.

--
The German Papers publish alarming accounts
of insurrectionary movements among the Chris-
Can population of Old Servia, Bulgaria, North-
ern Roumelia, Bosnia, and Albania. The object
of the insurgents is to shake off the Turkish
yoke, which galls and oppresses them, and to add
another to the independent Governments of
Europe. These provinces are of little value to
Turkey, and contain within themselves the ele-
ments of a nation capable of checking the ambi-
tion of Russia. Those who have watched the
progress of political events for the last quarter of
a century, must have observed the slow but sure
development of principles which rendered the con-
tinuance of the Porte's sway over so many Euro-
pean provinces an impossibility. To them the ru-
mours of associations in Servia, Bulgaria, Roume-
lia, Wallachia, and Moldavia, fbr the purpose of
asserting their independence, will occasion no
surprise. They must have been prepared to see
the other European provinces of Turkey follow
the example of Greece. Instead, therefore, of
uselessly deploring such an event the Govern-
ments of Western Europe should direct all their
thoughts to the rearing up of such a Power in
these provinceS as would for ever prevent Rus-
sian aggression in that quarter. In the present
wretched state of these provinces, Russia's in-
fluence over them is stronger than that of the
Porte; but this influence would be destroyed by
their being declared independent. Jealousy Of
a Power which now pretends to protect them
would spring up in every bosom. To the estab-
lishment of an independent Kingdom in Euro-
pean Turkey we look for the confounding of
Russia's deep-laid designs upon Constantinople.
Nor would the loss of these provinces weaken
the Turkish Power in Asia—the only place where
it really has a vital existence.

The prompt suppression of the present insur-
rectionary movement will (produce no change in
our opinions. The pear may not be ripe, but it
will ripen and fall of itself if no hand gather it.
The Koran must disappear from among the
codes of Europe, and therefore the greater
should be the vigilance of those States whose in-
terest it is that it should not be succeeded by the
Ukases of an Imperial Autocrat.

There :5 very little French news of interest in
the Paris Journals of Friday and Saturday. Queen
CHRISTINA has arrived in that capital, and is
supposed to be intriguing against the Constitu-
tional Government in Spain. Her MAJESTY'S
influence cannot be considerable, except with
the Court of Rome, and Papal bulls make no
more impression on ESPARTERO than paper
pellets. The age when the world was go-
verned by the maledictions of an old priest
is disappearing even in Spain; and it
requires but some wanton exercise of the power
claimed by the POPE, to effect a true spiritual
reformation—the freedom of mind—throughout

. -
the Peninsula. By a proper distribution, and
wide subdivision of the Church property, Es-
PARTERO will surround himself by a host of
Spaniards ready to resist the Papal power at the
musket's muzzle. Every man is a patriot and
a hero when_ his own house is attacked; and every
possessor of an acre of Church land, or an ounce
of Church bullion, wilt see an enemy in the
ecclesiastic who threatens to deprive him of the
one or the other.
In the debate in the French Chamber of De-
puties, on Friday, on the Navy Estimates, Ad-
miral LA LAN DE recommended the construction of

heavy frigates, and the keeping together of a
great number of well-organized ships' crews.
One crew, three years on service; was worth-six
Just put in commission. He admitted that the
expense would be great at first, but, in the loug
run, the nation would find that the system wa,
based on principles of true economy.
The Semaphore states that the Persian Envoy at Constanti-
nople has officially notified to the Porte that the differences be-
tween his Government and that of Great Britain have been ter-
minated to the satisfaction of both parties.
The ten battalions of foot chasscurs had a g,imd field-day on
Fr'clay last at Vincennes. The Duke of Orleans was on the
ground at nine o'clock to superintend the preliminary prepara-
tions. At twelve the Queen, the Princes, and Princesses ar-
rived, accompanied by Marsl)al Soult, Minister of War, Mar-
shals Gerard, Grouchy; and Molitor, and a great number of
Generals and superior officers. 'the first practice was in per-
forming the ordinary evolutions of infantry of the line at the
gymnastic step, all of which were executed with the greatest
precision. Next came some movements peculiar to the foot
char Burs, displaying their utility in active warfare, firing while
on their backs, &c. A feigned attack on Charenton afterwards
exhibited their double utility in the field. Having taken a
battery of cannon, they almost instantaneously turned them
against the supposed enemy with all the skill of regular ar-
tillerymen. The men atterwards proceeded to make use
of their field ovens, and produced excellent bread ; and
they exhibited their powers as pioneers by clearing
away a number of trees six inches in diameter,
using no other instruments than their sabres. The whole
of the practice being gone through by five o'clock, they were
promptly formed into line, and tiled off before Marshal Soult
who expressed his entire satisfaction. The praises of the ge-
nerals and other officers present were unanimous. The force
of the ten battalions in the field was 9,000 men. The De•
bats, in giving an account of this review and fiele, says,—
" The platoon tiring might appear to be imperfect to those who
are not aware that in giving the word of command to these
battalions of foot cha•seurs, after the present is is uttered the
soldiers fire at will, without having as usual the word fire given,
each man being thus allowed to take deliberate aim before he
pulls the trigger. This innovation is very important, and will
it is probable, be adopted in all the infantry regiments, whereby
firing by battalions, instead of being as they now • frequently
are, mere ineffectual reports, will become murderous dis-
charges The carbine is an improvement of Commaadan.
Thiery's, upon the plans of M. Delvigne and Colonel de Pont-
charra. It requires only seven grammes of powder for the
charge instead of nine."
Colonel M'lntosh, the representative of the Texian Govern-
ment at the French Court, has formally contradicted the state..
ment in the Paris papers that Texas was threatened with inva-
sion from Mexico.

The Diario di Roma announces that the three individua's
who robbed Don Miguel some time ago while sporting in the
neighbourhood of Rome, had been executed at Velletri, as
guilty of tese-Majeste.
The same paper announces the death of Cardinal Gambe-
rini, Minister of the Interior, who died at Rome on the night
of the 24th ult. He was born at Imola on the 31st of Octo-
ber, 1760.

The Letpsic Gazette states that the Prince of Lucca has re-
cently been converted to Protestantism, a circumstance which
has created great sensation at Rome, and throughout Italy.

Extract of a letter from Alexandria in the &id of Mar-
seilles:—

•• '1 he Paella continues to have frequent conferences with
the Count de Rohan Chabot, to whom he lately presented a
fine horse richly caparisoned. The English war steamer
Gorgon has arrived here from -Malta, being sent by Admiral
Stopford to keep this station in the absence of other ships.
She brings a letter to his Highness from the Admiral, inform-
ing him that as certain of the conditions in the Hatti
sheriff of February 13th were contrary to the spirit of the
convention entered into with hint, he (the Admiral) approved
of the Pacha'a refusal to accept them. The Viceroy continues
to reside at his country house, on account of the plague having
made its appearance in the environs of his palace of Raso el
Tin. This scourge continues to afflict the country, without,
however, making any great ravages, although the season is fa-
vourable to its progress. It also prevails in several villages of
Lower Egypt as well as at Cairo, whore, as is the case here,
eight or ten persons die daily."

A ConstantinoVe correspondent of the Sud says that two
caravans, going from Aleppo to Damascus, as well as several
•illages in the neighbourhood of the former city, have been
lately pillaged by the mountaineers.
Letters from Turin, dated the 27th ult., state that the agent
of Don Carlos had at length succeeded in securing a future
provision fur that. Prince. All the Conservative Courts had
agreed to contribute a proportional share. The Russian Go-
vernment alone had not returned any answer to the proposal ;
it was not doubted, however, but that the Emperor of Russia
would come forward like the others. The enttre yearly sum
to be contributed for Don Carlos's support was fixed at
200,000 f.

Another letter states that a diplomatic note bad been for-
warded from the French Government to the Court of Naples
relative to an indemnity claimed by a French mercantile
house in Marseiiles iu consequence of the sulphur contract
having been cancelled, and which contained some strong lan
guage on the injustice of refusing compensation. It is true, it
is added, that in the year 11+39, the Neapolitan Government.
received a note from the French Minister, in which an indem-
nity was demanded on account of the sulphur question, but in
the mean time the French government offered her mediation
between the 13ri i,h and Neapolitan Governments, and although
an arrangement was concluded last year in consequence of that
mediation, no mention was made of the Marseilles merchants.

A letter from Naples of the 28th of April has the following
news :

The day bt.fore yesterday there was a Council of Alinis-
ten, at which the Marquis de Pietra-Catella presided. Mr.
Temple, the English Minister, was asked to be present, doubt-
less on account of the question which is still pending, of the re-
duction of the export duty on sulphur.
" The day is not yet fixed for the departure of the King to
Apulia and Sicily. His Majesty came yesterday from Ca-
serta, and presided in the Council of his Ministers. He is ex-
pected again on the 30th.
" The Prince of Casiano, formerly Minister of Foreign
Affairs, whom the King ordered to leave Naples, has not re-
turned to the capital.
" The Prince of Salerno will leave Naples on the 3d of May.
He goes to Vienna with his only daughter, Princess Mary
Caroline Augusta, whose marriage is finally decided with his
Royal Highness Francis Ferdinand Geminiano, Hereditary
Prince of Modena. It is affirmed that the King of Naples will
go in person to the Austrian capital in the beginning of June,
on account of the marriage of Princess Caroline, his sister, to
the Archduke Francis Ferdinand, brother of the Queen of the
Two Sicilies."—Le commerce.
DISCOVERY or Com—M. Tienen has made a fortunate
discovery in his garden of a jar, containing 3,000 small pieces
of coin of 12 and 13 centimeS, most of them belonging to
Hainault and Flanders.— Brussels Paper.
Bitter complaints are made in the lonian Islands of the new
civil laws, by which the expenses in the Court of Police are
much increased.

'TURKISH FRONTIERS, APRIL 22.—According to accounts
from Bucharest the well-known. Wallachian Colonel Campa-
niano has been lately set at liberty, at the instance of the
Russian Court.