The Sun.
London, England, 1841-06-28 00:00:00

DIALMAISON FOR SALE.

PARIS, JUNE '2s.—Paris is at this time of year
green, gay, and delightful,*and every one con-
fesses to the compliment of the Troubadour,_ who
styled it " France the fair" (la belie Fra4ce)
For myself, I have been a profuse patronizer of
the flower-girls, expending a sou on every little
street-soubrette I have met. The button-hole
of my coat has diurnally smiled with a tuft of
bluet or immortelle ; I have walked the Boule-
vards with an inseparable nose-gay in my hand,
and yesterday in the Palais Royal almost died
of " aromatic pain" from a Versailles rose. It
was at this last-mentioned time and place that I
proposed to myself a journey for to-day, which
may serve as a trifle of news. The occasion this.
For same days past the streets here about town
have been placarded with a huge auctioneer'.,
bill of annunciation—a perfect broadside in its
wav—setting forth in type, such as runners might
read, that the beautiful chateau and domains of
Malmaison were in static venali, or for sale.
Though there was little likelihood that I should
prove either bidder or purchaser, yet I felt that
I must see it. It was a golden relic of the Na-
poleon glory, not less than a melancholy memento
of its fallen fbrtunes—it was a spot full of
sweet and delicious recollections of Josephine,
charmer of all hearts—of the " eteile de Napo-
leon," as the gallant men of the Court were ac-
customed to style her—the brilliant star of Na-
poleon, fulgent, sweet-rayed, and divinely fair ;
the star that presided over his fortunes, and
whom fortune forsook not till he forsook her
star. It was the scene of "high feastings," gor-
geous balls, and costly entertainments, of all
which the Duchess de Junot speaks long and
lovingly in her pleasant book—it was where the
" King of Armies" had trod softly, having cast
aside the iron spurs of war.
With this irresistible longing upon me, I de-
termined for one day to leave the dandies of
Paries to their jolies limonadieres in the Palais
Royal Arcade, and to visit Malmaison before it
should be knocked down, to the Lord knows
who or whom, perhaps to some pestilent City
broker, or villainous speculatist in brick and tim-
ber. As Malmaison lies but two leagues
and a half front Paris, I soon accom-
plished the intervening space, and about
half-past six in the cool of the evening, caught
scent of Malmaison and its rose-bowers. On
arriving, I at once gained admittance through
my auctioneer's admissive note, which I had pre-
cautionally procured before starting, and,certainly
with heavier heart than gay, entered the abode
of Josephine and Napoleon.
Something has so strongly connected these two
names together in my imagination, whenever I
think of Malmaison, that I seem, in this instance,
to have been subjected to some strange ocular
deception, or rather mental hallucination. I
could not for my life prevent fancying that over
every door-lintel, on every furniture-cover, and
garden.--chair, the initial letters of Josephine and
and Napoleon, circled by a wreath of lily-flowers
(flew• de lys) as you may have seen them drawn
by artists, was visibly inscribed ; and when I
issued into the geounds, I fancied I still saw it
on the trunk of every tree, and in the cup of
every flower, as were those mystic letters of old
on the leaves of Apollo's hyacinth.
Malmaison! Malmaison !—charming abode of
her the beautiful, and him the brave ! Tranquil
at this hour, with groves and shades, it seemed
filled with that dim, sweet " melancholiness,"
which Sydney loved—altogether forming a tran-
script of that delicious Arcadia, which his ima-
gination painted. As I walked through the ver-
dant alley which leads to the plain of Ruel, I re-
called to memory all the touching incidents
which I had treasured in my heart from Bour-
rienne and Junot; and inexpressible was the de-
light I ttook in these interesting recollections.
"No where," says Bourrienne, " except on
the field of battle, did I ever see Buonaparte
more happy than in the gardens of Malmaison.
At the commencement of the Consulate, we
used to go there every Saturday evening, and
stay the whole of Sunday, sometimes Monday."
Here it was, on those calm and holy Sabbaths,
when his sword was scabbarded, and his soul at
peace, that the " crowned King of the nations,"
with child-like simplicity, " listened to the ring-
ing of bells, which always produced in the mind
of Bonaparte pleasurable emotions." " While
we were at Malmaison," says Bourrienne, " and
walking in the alley that leads to Ruel, how
many times has the bell of the village church
interrupted our most serious conversations, and
he would stop lest the noise of our footsteps
should drown a portion of the delightful sound.
So powerful was the effect produced upon him
by the sound of those bells, that his voice would
faulter as he said, At, that reminds me of the
first years I spent at Brienne ! I then was
happy !" When the bells ceased he would re-
sume the course of his speculations, carry him-
self into futurity, place a crown on his head, and
dethrone kings."
Josephine, who was the very type of elegance,
in the graceful carriage
,of her person, and the
exquisite arrangements of her draperies and
robes, took an especial pride in robing herself in
pure white, a mode of fashion which the Em-
peror delighted in be) and all others, and day
and night her queenly and imperial form lent
beauty to the bowery arcades around this spot.
Bourrienne, on once entering this delicious re-
treat, meeting her with Madame de Remusat,
inquired with respectful solicitation, but not with
his usual familiariness, respecting the health of
the Emperor. "Ah ! Bourrienne !" she replied,
" I entreat that you will suffer me at least here,
to forget that I ant an Empress."
My dreamy remembrances would have con-
tinued much longer, but that the church at Ruel
chimed a late hour, and warned me not to linger.
The shades of evening were now fast de-
scending,—the fair lawns were silvering
with the evening summer-mists, and a sort
of shadowy, pearl-white veil was falling
from the brow of twilight. As I again
retraced my steps through the chateau, I almost
poured out my soul in audible lamentations that
the cedar-beams of its roofs, and the golden ar-
chitraves of its chambers might soon share a
worse fate under the handsof trading speculators,
on whose craniums the bump of veneration was
never developed, than if the old Iconoclasts, or
primitive Goths and Vandals of the land, were
let loose into its chambers for havoc and destruc-
tion. Poor Malmaison ! the etymology of the
name itself, methought, is perchance destined
to be too true a presignifier of its future lot; its
baptism in the first case (mala domus ; mal mai-
son), arising from the bivouac of the destroying
Normans on this spot, during one of their incur-
sions in the ninth century.
" Farewell ! Malmaison." These were the
valedictory words of Napoleon himself on quit-
ting, for the last time, this old familiar haunt, to
be cooped like a caged eagle within the narrow
bars of St. Helena. How big and bursting is
that short ejaculation; how eloquent of a broken
heart and a crushed spirit ! It is the " Ellett
unica" of the old Romans—a syllabic utterrnce
that contains, in the briefest compass, a universe
of pangs and heart-cutting regrets. I sighed as
I repeated, and shuddered as I breathed on part-
ing, " Farewell ! Malmaison !"
The price which at present is asked for
this stately property is 300,000 francs, Bour-
rienne has left us the valuation of the Emperor
himself upon this chateau. According to his
estimate the erection of Malmaison into a resi-
dence would cost 8,000 francs, but to live in it
would require an income of 30,000 francs.,

REFORM OF THE TARIFF.
if LOOlt -on this picture,,and on this."
FREE TRADE MONOPOLY
Coerces no man, Coerces :the many for the
sake of the few,
Restricts no man, Re Wilds trade,
Prevents no producer from Prevents the producer
selling, from selling,
Prohibits no consumer Prohibits the consumer
from buying, from buying,
Forces no employment Forces unprofitable em-
that is neprofitAble, pluymepts,
Forbids •no employment Forbids productive em-
that is productive, ploymenis,
Gives a price to• the Gives an excessive price
seller, to the seller.
alvtig hi§ money's worth Gives short measure to
to the buyer,
Furnishes the best sti- TalCes from industry the
mules to industry, . spur of competition,
Encourages good manage- Encourages sloth and
went and Improvement, discourages improvement,
Fills the market WithnO INdePORPItI
overstocking it, • stocks the market,
Unites nations in the bonds Promotes jealousy and
of mutual interest. hosgitty among nations.
In fine, secures In fine, secures
Justice, Peace, Plenty, Injustice, Scarcity, Dear-
and Prosperity. nesss and Poverty.—Leeds
gerFiff#:

gi The Queen has been graciously pleased to ap-
prove of the appointment of G. Hayter, Esq., as Princi-
pal Painter in Ordinary to her Majesty, in the room of
Sir David Wilkie, deceased." The original appointment
was that of Sergeant Painter, or wainscot painter, at so
much per foot, to the King and Queen. After running
through a race of plombers. fitl4 SI4FIR4/.oie Af6et-'• Wg
conferred on Hogarth, who gignAe4 it by genius ;
and by George 111, the situation was given to the -courtly
Lawrence, for whom the title was changed to one of
more lofty import. Wilkie succeeded Lawrence, and
Hayter
N.§ succeeded Wilkie. So Dryden succeeded
P.,'"nant in the laurel, and Shadweil snopeeded Dryden,
knere is still anther ofrice to give away, that of painter
for Scotland—a situation of some 70/. a year, that Rae-
burn had, and Wilkie leld."--;iltheisawn.
•

FACTS FOR FARMERS, 84N

BY OWEN OWEN ROBERTS.
The following only appeared hi, part of our
Morninf2; Edition : _ _

Mr. Roberts has brought together in this little
pamphlet of 50 pages a great deal of useful in-
formation. The main idea is to consider the
farmer as a consumer, while the. Corn-law advo-
cates consider him only as a producer, and point
out the effects of the law on him in that charac-
ter. After some very judicious observations on
keeping accounts carefully, and on the main
points which a farmer should take into considera-
tion on taking a farm, Mr. Roberts observes:—
The only amount of rent which any land can afford to
pay will be the
,value of the overplus produce after de-
ducting the cost of cultivation, including taxes, wages,
tithes, the interest of e'a:pital, as well as_ a fair allowance
towards the wear and tear of implements, the detetiOra--'
tion in value, and the casualties to which every kind of
live stock is liable, together with the injury and the ex-
tra-expense which inauspicious seasons bring upon the
farmer. The agriculturist should also recollect that in
the cost of production, his own labour, and that of his
family, ought to be charged at what they would be fairly
worth in the service of another.

We presume that the agriculturist considers
all these circumstances, but Mr. Roberts, by the
warring which he gives, implies that the agricul-
turist very often sacrifices his own interest, and
toils to put into the rent-owner's pocket money
which the tenant ought to keep in his own. We
shall quote, not only because they are curious
and place the Corn-law question in a new light,
but because they ought to be studied by farmers,
several passages, principally showing in detail
how the Corn-law injures the farmer. In the
preface there is this general statement :
In average years, with eight returns, out of the
63,000,000 quarters of wheat, barley, and oats produced,
the agriculturists and their dependents consume directly
45,503,018 quarters, whilst the surplus available for sale
amounts to only 17,496,982 quarters.
Agriculturists may also be said to consume indirectly,
in the shape of manufactured goods of various descrip-
tions, a proportionate share of the bread consumed by
those rho were employed in manufacturing those goods.
The agriculturists have therefore to purchase as it were
again from the manufacturer a large portion of what they
had previously sold to him in the market.
EXTRA EXPENSE FOR SEED CORN,—Accohling to the
" Statistics of the British Empire," by James 111‘Queen,
Esq., an author considered to be perfectly orthodox by
the supporters of Corn-laws, there are annually in the
United Kingdom 5,000,000 of acres under wheat, 2,000,000
under barley, and under oats 8,000,000, which, calculat-
ing the returns at eight in ordinary years, will yield of
produce 15,000,000 quarters of wheat, 8,000,000 of bar-
ley, and 40,000,000 of oats, making a total of 63,000,000
quarters, which, enormous as the amount appears, is
barely sufficient to meet the home consumption. An
advance of ten shillings a quarter, if produced by any
means independent of a deficient supply, would be a di-
rect tax upon the consumers of no less titan 31,550,000
pounds sterling ; an amount exceeding by 3,500,000 the
interest of the National Debt, and equivalent to nearly
thirteen shillings per acre, good, bad, and indifferent, of
all the arable land in the United Kingdom of Great Bri-
tain and Ireland. Out of this amount, the agriculturists
would have to pay, merely as producers, in seed corn
alone, within a trifle of 4,000,000 of pounds. To this
amount, even should the succeeding harvest prove abun-
dant, they would be losers, it being an extra item in the
cost of production ; for if the succeeding crops be more
than an average return, the prices. would be propor-
tionably reduced. But, supposing that in two succeeding
years, such, for example, as in IV3B and in 1839, the re-
turns should prove to be very much below the average,
what would be the situation of the agriculturist ? Why,
in many districts, his seed corn would amount ti one-
fourth of the whole quantity produced on his land, .so
that it would, under any circumstances, render it impos-
sible for him to obtain in money value more than four
returns upon the seed sown. The harvests of 1838 and
1839, in many localities, did not average four returns,
and even those returns made up of grain of such inferior
quality, as to render it hardly saleable at any price. The
agriculturist would have to put in the ground, in conse-
quence of the scarcity that caused the prices, two pounds'
worth of seed instead of one ; and though the following
harvest might prove abundant, still the reduction of
prices necessarily attendant upon an increased supply,
would leave him, even as a producer, comparatively a
loser of one pound in every eight, or 121 per cent. This
would arise from the expense of production having been
increased by the extra cost of his seed corn.
CONSUMPTION OF THE AGRICULTURAL POPULATION.
—Corn is by far the most important article, and the
heaviest item, in the list of agricultural charges. The
quantity of corn consumed by those employed in agricul-
ture, and directly dependent upon it, is so enormously
great, that one cannot but feel surprised that its gigantic
magnitude should have been so completely overlooked.
Tha edvocates of the Corn-laws seem to have viewed the
agriculturist solely as a producer.
According to M`Queeri's " Statistics of the British Em-
pire," a wlrk deemed perfectly orthodox by the Corn-
law advocates, the relative numerical proportion borne
by the families of the agricultural population to the fami-
lies of the rest of the community is thus stated (p. 85):
" Agricultural, 1,845,463 ; trade and manufactures,
1,684,232 ; all other families, 1,269,536."

In page 84 of M`Queen's work, is the following re-
mark relative to theittrilation returns :—" Those selec-
tions relating to male portion of the population of
the United Kingdom, together with the preceding queries
taken from the population returns, will show how the
population has been classed, and how unfairly, too, for
the agricultural interest. The vast proceeds from the
labour of that interest, and the power and the capital
employed by it, wilt show the considerate reader that a
proportionate number of every one of the remaining
classes are connected with, work for, and are dependent
upon, that interest alone ; .were we to take this at nearly
two-thirds, or, say three-fifths of the whole, we should
not miscalculate greatly either way."
Allowing this estimate to be correct, but without
going to the full extent of the proposition, and taking
only three-fifths of the families that are not classed in the
table as belonging either to agriculture or to trades and
manufactures to be connected with, working for, or being
dependent upon, agriculture alone, and giving the re-
maining two-fifths to trade and manufactures, the rela-
tive number of the population will stand thus :
Agriculture. Trade and Manufactures.
Families... 2,607,184 2,192,046
Population 13,349,369 10,922,211
giving a numerical advantage in favour of those " con-
nected with, working for, or being dependent %Ton,.
agriculture alone," of 5,427,158 souls, or, in other words,
making those employed in and directly dependent upon
agricultural pursuits, in round numbers as 11 to 9
of those employed in trade or manufactures, and conse-
quently showing that those " connected with, working
for, or directly dependent upon, agriculture alone " eon,
sume, or ought to consume, 11/. worth of llyeild twil for
every 9/, worth e01141111H4 thCia4 connected with, work-
ing for, or dependent upon; IrlUlgitadttlanufaetures alone.
-WHEAT.—AgriellitlfristS, and those dependent upon
them alone, will therefore require for consumption, ex-
clusively-of seed, 7,218,750 out of the 13,125,000 (pm,
ters of wheat 'available as human food, yottlittlf* the con-
sumption of the agriculturigta mitt ilvAsik dependent upon
them alone, Inclq4lng §eed corn, 9,A93,750 quarters, and
leaving as. a surplus available for the market, to be used
by those employed in manufactures and trade, 5,906,250
quarters, which, at 565., will produce 16,547 ma, whilst
the (111RntitY PC111§11!144 I),Y falq.Uefl arid those
_dependent
upon then} Ow, will produce, at the same rate,
25,462,4094

BARLEY.-Regarding
B only the relative numerical pros
portion of those employed in aff°riculture, e%timated
by 111`Queen, the consumption of barley will stand thus :
by the ilgriPUltUral P1(44*.4 050,000 quarters, and by the
other classes of the community, 3,150,000, showing an
-
excess of consumption by the agricultural over all the
other classes of the community of 1,700,000 quarters,
The farmer, it is true, in most cases, disposes of his
barley to the maltster in the first instance, but although
he then receives the money for it, still he should keep in
mind the fact that agriculturists, and those directly de-
pendant upon agriculture alone, consume their propor-
tionate quota, and have to pay for it to the maltster,
brewer, or distiller. Nor should he ever lose sight of
the fact, that his class consumes 4,850,000 out of the whole
8,000,000 produced ; thus making, at alio, per quarter,
his own consumption 7,760,0001,, and the quantity avail-
able for the market, 5,040,000/.
• OATs.—The quantity of oats therefore consumed by
the' agriculturists as seed corn, as a portion of their food,
in rearing young stock,' workingkeeping horsrs, oxen,
pigs, poultry, and Cattle, and in fattening them for the
market, will amount in money value at 245, 410 quarter
to 37,991,1211. whilst the portion avallahk fhr the market
will make only 10,00$;$ ?l,
The moitrAPtion nt the different classes is
bronght diatiactly hefty the reader by the fol-
lowitig table • -

Consumption Produm
Wheat
By Agriculturists, &c.... 9,093,75.0
By Trades, &c. 5,906,950
Barley
By Agriculturists, &c.... 4,850,000
By Trades, &c. 3,150,000
Ooats 40,000,000
By Agriculturists, &c.... 31,659,268
By Trades, &e 8,340,732
Friwa enose data it appears that out of the 63,000,000
quarters of wheat and barley and oats grown upon an
average in the United Kingdom, agriculturists and those
directly dependant upon agriculture alone, as Mr.
Mqueen would say; Qousumo 45,603,018 quarters, whilst
those employed in "trades and manufactures consume only
17,396,982 quarters,
The next table we shall quote states the value
of the produce :
In average years the money value of the grain that the
agriculturists can dispose of as a surplus with justice to
their class is Rs Mie‘”.;—
(16arters.
Wheat, 5,906,250 value at 565. 16,537,500
Barley, 3,150,000 „ 325. 5,040,000
Oats, 8,340,000 „ 245. 10,008,878

Total £31,586,378
The money.value of the portion conntned by them-
selves and their clepelidenta amounts to
Wheat ........................ £25,462,500
Barley 7,762,500
Oats

71,216,121
Mr.
when
Mr. Roberts subsequentlyTotal-''''' 4 710 51
the return is sevenfold, instead of the average
eight, the deficiency in value is 10,507,953/. ; at
six returns lit is 21,739,5031.; at five returns the
agriculturi§ts will have to purchase oats for their

cattle to the extent 'of- 1;132,0751.;
and at. fOur'
returns there will be an insufficiency of all kinds
of grain, for their own consumption, supposing
L 7.1 other persons were lift to starve. These cal-
culations, he concludes, Show that the agri-
cultural portion of the community is in reality
the most serious sufferer whenever the supply of
grain becomes inadequate to the demand. With
an increased production the reverse is the case,
and with an improved husbandry, promoted by
the competition of free trade, the returns might
be latterly taken at twelve, and the agriculturists
would benefit to the extent 0f'23,631,671/.
" It cannot," says Mr. Roberts, "be too often repeated,
that under the present general system of agriculture, the
13 1-sth individuals located upon these 73 acres of land,
or upon this farm, will require the same quantity of
bread to satisfy the cravings of hunger, and to keep
therilin working order ; and the same quantity will also
be required for seed in one year as in another, without
any reference to the high or low price of grain. The
live stock, also,. whether working. rearing, or fattening,
will require the same quantity of corn, be the price in
the market 20s. or 40s. the. quarter. In a state of pros-
perity, therefore; the consumption of corn by the farmer
and by his dependents, as well as by the live stock upon
the 73 acres, ought, as to quantity, to be the samein one
year as in another."

The character and condition of farmers is in-,
dicated in the two following paragraphs, which
c,mfirm some remarks we have more than once
laid before our readers:—
Under the system, if it can be so called, of agriculture,'
now generally followed upon nine-tenths of the land in
the kingdom, agriculture can by 'no means be fairly
deemed a profitable occupation. In the majority of in-
stances farmers can barely make both ends meet, and if
here and there one can be found who has saved money,
as it is called, it will turn out in ninety-nine cases out of
a hundred that the sum saved amounts to barely five per
cent. npon the value of his stock without any allowance
whatever being made for the time, skill, and labour of
the farmer, and the different members of his family. In
fact, instead of the farmer having
made money, it will
appear on a strict examination that he and his family
have expended their time, skill, and labour for a series
of years without any other return than food and raiment
of the coarsest kind,, the money saved amounting to
barely fniir or five per cent. upon the value of the stock.
This amount they might easily have obtained free from
risk upon a mortgage security. They might have had
from an employer as wages-for their skill and labour be-
yond food and clothing, and independently of such in-
terest, a far larger amount.
A free trade in Corn is a stimulus indispensable to the
prosperity of the British agriculturist. It is absolutely
required to rouse him from the listless apathy by which
he has long been distinguished. In comparison with
other productive classes, the land-occupiers, with some
exceptions, indeed, but with exceptions like angel visits,
" few and far between," are absolutely stationary, mak-
ing no progress, and availing themselves but seldom and
with evident reluctance of the improvements which are
made, from year to year, in every scientific pursuit.
They rarely manifest a sufficient degree either of skill or
of energy to meet the increasing demands of an increas-
ing population, and thus to augment their own wealth
and secure their own prosperity. They resemble the
waggoner, and begin to pray to some Parliamentary
Jupiter for assistance, instead of manfully putting their
shoulders to the wheel, and by the vigorous exercise of
their own powers, rescuing themselves from their
dilemma.

Agriculturists look to the Legislature for that pros-
perity, which their own resources and their own industry
can alone ensure ; and in hunting that phantom, they
become the dupes of necessitous or of crafty men, who,
under the disguise of aiding them in the attainment of
their object, swindle them out of their cash and their
civil rights. making them in the one case beggars, and
in the other slaves.

In this little work there is a good deal of sound
sense, worthy the consideration of the working
agriculturists.
We will add to these remarks a short extract
from a letter published in the Chelmsford Chro-
nicle, which displays some of the errors com-
mitted by landlords.
Lord Western had written—

Suppose a farm of two hundred acres of arable land,
at 235. an acre, farmed on the four-course husbandry,
which will giVe fifty acres of wheat, fifty of. barley,
twenty-five of beans and peas, and twenty-live of clover.
Acres. Qrs. Qrs.
50 of Wheat
50 of Barley
25 of. Beans
25 of Clover
5.0 of Fallow

200 500
suppose the reduction in the market price to
amount to ten shillings a quarter on an average, one
sort of grain with another, and the deficit in the farm-
er's receipt for the year will be exactly the whole amount
of his rent.

To this -an occupier, aware of the facts and
writing in the same sense as Mr. Roberts, re-
plies :
Upon his illustration of 200 acres, I find the tenant
requires the following quantity of seed corn, &c.:—
Bush. Qrs. Bash.
For the 50 acres of Wheat, 2i per acre... 15 5
50 Barley, 4 ditto.„,... 25 0,
25 Beans, 3 ditt0...... 9 3
*Six plough horses and one market horse
will consume 2 bushels of corn each
per week during the year, namely-- 91 0
Ten quarters of barley sent to maltsters
during the year, consumed on the farm 10 0

Making a total of

. 151 0'

X s. d.

This must be a set-off at 10s. per quarter reduc-
tion in price, making a saving of 75 10 0
This item his Lordship has omitted.
Now let us go through with a few of the ex-
penses on the 200 acres ; suppose the rent-
charge to be at 6s. per acre, and to vary with
the price of corn—deduct one-foUrth—we
have a reduction of Is. 6d. per acre, amcdnt-
ing to
Take the present capital at £2,OQ;)-
With the proposed reduc-
tion of stock and plvp,iN
&c. 500 i, 1054 Will 13e spercent. 25 0 0
Stifficieut„,

500
At present assesseJ at 2201.
Pour 9d. rates, 3s .£33 0 0
At reduced rent, say 10 10 0 less

Saving
£l6 10 0

16 10 0

Total...
.£132 0 0
..........................
Here we have a saving entirely unaccounted for in
his Lordship's ealMation of 13q.. which is the actual
rent that his Lordship contended was entirely lost. We
here see the point on which the whole question turns
between real and artificial rent, leaving 1181. as an " ade-
quate reduction to be made by the landlord."
In the. above calculations I make no reduction of the
farmer's income, on the 200 acres of land, nor any re-
duction in the labourers' wages, so that each tarty will
have the full benefit arising out of the reduction in the
necessaries of life, in consequence of the reduction on
corn, viz, brmil meat, pork, butter, cheese, poultry, &c.
&c, Viltc.ll I estimate at 25 per cent ; but that his Lord-
ship should not be alarmed at the gain which the " new
lights" will give the agriculturist, I will take it at 20
per cent.

£.
s. d.
Suppose the tenant's profit 300 0 oat 20,per cent. GO

Eight labourers, at 12s. per
week 249 12 0
Extra wages, such as liar-
vest,haying,thatching,&c. 40 8 0

£290 0 0 at2oper cent. 58

Annual sating £llB
Deing'7/. ss. per annum clear gain to each labourer.
The account between Lord Western and the " New
Lights" will stand thus :

Dr.
Deficiency of receipts
on 500 qrs. of corn, at
10s. per qr

Cr.
Saving on farm account
' by reduction of price
and expedition
Adequate reduction of
rent by landlord llB

Saving on farm, &c. ... 250
Ditto on Tenant... £6O
Ditto to Labourers 58

- 118

£2501 £368
Is this, I would ask, " loss and ruin to the agriculturist,"
when, after paying rent, tithes, and taxes, to have saved
118/. in amount exactly the same as shown from Lord
Western's illustration is under the present scale of
" sliding duties," and by its mysterious working, taken
from the pockets of the farmer and his labourers, and
put into the landowner's P

PARIS TRADESMEN.—In Paris the tradesman
assumes the right of dictating, to the taste of his cus-
tomers ;in London he only administers to it. Enter a
Parisian shop, and ask to be shown velvet, silk, or riband,
to assort with a pattern you have brought of some parti-
cular colour or quality., and the mercer, having glanced
at it somewhat contemptuously, places before you six or
eight pieces of a different tint and texture.- You toll him
that they are not similar to the pattern, and he answers,
" That may be ; nevertheless, my. goods are of the
sour model."
yneowuessaty,s,h, apurde
fei
rn fitnhi
et e
colourly sup eorfio
yrotuor
pattern, and
must match it." He produces half-a-dozen pieces still
more unlike what you require ; and to your renewed as-
sertion that no colour but the one similar to your 'pat-
tern will suit you, he assures you that his goods are su-
perior to all others, and that what you requirei.S..out of
fashion, and a very bad article, and, consequently, that.
you had much better abandon your taste and adopthis..,..,_
Lady Blessington's Idler in Fran:e.
Macclesfield is upon its trial. Mr. Samuel
Stocks, actuated, we believe, solely by a sense of public
duty, has offered himself as a candidate, and we express
ourselves conscientiously when we say that he deserves
the canfidence of the constituency. We call upon the
electors to give him their zealous support. We especi-
ally call upon the friends of Mr. Brocklehurst„if they
value_ a character for consistency, to give. Mr. Bt,osks.
their hearty aid, If a single professed Reformer.V.otegi".,
for Grimsditch he ought to branded as a traitor.--Man-
chester Times.