The Sun.
London, England, 1847-06-21 00:00:00

11_1 brim int

LONDON, MONDAY, JUNE 21, 1847.

A mysterious disease having rendered the reliance
of man upon one of the most nutritious vegetables
henceforth impossible, it becomes absolutely necessary
for those individuals who have hitherto existed
through its cultivation, to expend their agricultural
labours upon seeds of a more promising character.
However auspicious may be the auguries afforded by
a prolific foliage or an untainted blossoming, it has
been proved by the deplorable experience of the last 1
harvests, that henceforth the potato-root is liable to
the ravages of a murrain the most subtle and the
most poisonous. Nothing is more completely testi-
fied in reference to this ruinous blight than the cir-
cumstance of its sudden development among crops
of an exuberant growth and of a healthful appearance.
Forty-five gave a terrible example of this : forty-six,
one equally disastrous : we tremble lest forty-seven
may be attended with similarly calamitous conse-
quences. That a profitable and nutritive plant,
which for upwards of a century had become one, the
almost universal source of nourishment among the
peasantry of Western Europe, and especially among
the population of these islands, should be abruptly de-
stroyed through an agency that baffles the scrutiny
of the analytical chemist, and evades the ingenuity of
the practical botanist, is one of those phenomena
which demands a rational submission rather than an
obstinate perseverance. Whether the disease in clues;
tion arises from a fungus, or from an insect, or from
a source of decay inherent in the plant itself, or from
some delelerieus influence of an atmospheric nature,
or from the presence of some pernicious quality in
the soil, still remains a moot question, still multiplies
experiment upon experiment, still renders it advisable
to neglect, if not entirely to abandon, the cultivation
of potatoes, for the preference of something of a more
secure description. Among the numerous hy-
potheses which have seen the light in reference
to our mind is the one propounded in an essay re-
cently published by the agriculturists of Scotland, and
written by Mr. DAVID MILNE. That gentleman is
disposed to attribute the extinction, or rather the con-
tamination root of this esculent, entirely to the baneful
operation of some novel, and as yet indefinable gas.
Believing such to be the immediate cause of disease
in the potato, he enveigbs against those who would
persist in the cultivation of the vegetable as men who
would wilfully and almost irreligiously pursue a path
upon which the ban of DIVINE PROVIDENCE has de-
scended. Now, although we are very far indeed
from coinciding with this really extravagant and
fanatical mode of argument, we certainly agree with
Mr. MILNE, that it is advisable to discard (at least
for a while) a root upon which there can in future be
no dependence whatever, and to cultivate seed less
liable to be affected by such enigmatical agencies.
Flax we have already recommended as affording
abundant produce, for the purchase of provisions, for
the payment of rentals, and for the continued employ-
ment of the local peasantry. This, however, would
constitute merely a medium of barter in the way
of manufacture. It becomes, therefore, a point of
extraordinary interest to select some plant calculated to
afford a marketable crop, and at the same time calcu-
lated to yield a surplus of nutrition for the indus-
trious in the locality. Among the most feasible re-
commendations upon this particular that has yet
appeared is undoubtedly the suggestion of the sowing
and culture of haricot beans. Of all the leguminous
vegetables the haricot bean is about the most readily
cultivated, about the most profitable in regard to the
number of pods upon each stalk, and the number of
beans in each pod, and about the most wholesome and
palateable as an article of daily consumption. Some
selection of a substitute for the infected potatoes
is more essential in England, and yet more
essential in Ireland, than it is in France,
or Germany ; for the potato is grown upon the
continent almost as much for exportation as for
home use ; and beyond that, the peasantry of France
have an ample source of subsistence, in the event of
the extinction of the potato root, in the shape of the
sweet and plentiful chestnut.
Among the population of the British islands it has
become an imperative duty on the part of the agri-
culturists—whether those agriculturists be tenant-
farmers, or extensive landholders, or merely petty
crofters—to count no longer upon the crops yielded
by the potato tubers. It would be a manifest hazard
on the part of those who would still continue to
dibble new seeds between the original drills, were
they to place their entire expectations upon the pro-
ducts of this most dubious vegetable. Such conduct
would amount to gambling, with all the chances of
experience against one. It would be tempting
bankruptcy, defying a vegetable pestilence, and faci-
litating the repetition of famine. Let science
still persevere in its endeavours to discover
the actual source of this calamitous murrain, let
the decayed tubers be still scrutinised by
analysis, let the agricultural chemist espe-
cially continue his experiments without inter-
ruption, but meanwhile let the soil be turned to
better advantage than by consigning to it a perfidious
seed, which, after beautifying the spring with its ver-
dure and effioresence, will putrify and blacken in the
sunlight of the summer, and transform the fields into
a noisome and pestiferous mass of decomposition
through the desolate days of an unprofitable autumn.
Let it be remembered that there is yet sufficient time
for the removal of the apparently flourishing but pro-
bably rotting potato plants, and the substitution of
re such culinary vegetable as the haricot bean.
slay may be disastrous. At the least, however, we
would recommend the cultivators of the potato to be
scrupulously vigilant in observing the progress of its
vegetation.

We have advocated the propriety and justice of
direct taxation on property, in place of the present
system, by which the weight of the enormous national
debt by which we are oppressed and. burdened is made
to
fall chiefly on those who should be wholly exempted
from its operation. We have already shown the in-

ljuriouri effect of the Excise laws in retarding im-
prove :ments, in abridging production, and in extract-
int; 1 Zrom the pockets of the people nearly one-third
'no re than finds its way into the national Exchequer.
Thf ay also act chiefly, if not exclusively, on the comforts
and luxuries of the people. In commenting on the
per iodical returns of the revenue, an increase or defi-
ciei icy in the Excise is generally looked upon as
ind ticative of the national prosperity, of the state of the
vr( irking classes, of the great bulk of the population.
W hen trade is depressed, when there is a season ofadver-
sit ty and high prices, when the necessaries of life ab-
sin ,rb the greater portion of the poor man's resources,
lii tle remains for superfluities, and consequenly there
ia, an immediate diminution in the receipts derivable
fr., om that source; on the contrary, an improved and
I u lalthier state of trade and commerce, or a greater de-
wree of activity, is marked by a corresponding in-
-1 crease. Persons of fixed income will have the same

description of diet whatever may be the state of
affairs ; it is the man who earns his daily bread by
his own exertions, in whatever trade or business he
may be engaged, that is obliged to yield to the
passing storm, to dispense with the com-
forts, and perhaps even to submit to a reduction
of the very necessaries of life. If, then, there
were no other reason adverse to this odious de-
scription of taxation, it would be sufficient
that it falls more heavily on the great body of the
people, and leads to greater privations than any other
species of impost that could be devised, save only the
atrocious bread tax, from which we have happily, and
we trust for ever, been freed.

The Customs duties have also the effect of in-
juring the working classes. At first sight it
may appear that the most just and natural
mode of levying the necessary funds for the
national expenditure is on the production of other
:lands, and perhaps a small and moderate duty on
•articles of mere luxury, if not of so exorbitant a
character as to encourage smuggling, or greatly to
diminish the general consumption, might be the most
• eligible mode of collecting the revenue next to a di-
, rect tax on property. But, on closer investigation, it
will be found that the heavy import duties, by prevent-
ing us from receiving so large a quantity of those

:productions, and shutting them out from our ports,
practically close the markets that would otherwise
be opened to our manufactures. We are unable to
,exchange goods, and they have no other means of pay-
ing for what they require and would gladly accept from
us. The removal of these restrictions would, therefore,
have the effect of extending our commerce throughout
all lands, of promoting feelings of universal friend-
ship. New wants would arise with the means of sa-
tisfying them, and those nations which were to a
certain extent dependent on each other would be very
unlikely to permit any senseless or ridiculous quar-
rels to intrude so as to disturb that peace and tranquil-
lity, the preservation of which would be so important
to both. It has also been proved, by experience, that
a heavier rate of taxation does not produce a corre-
sponding increase in revenue. Witness the steady
improvement that has taken place in that department
of late years, notwithstanding the great reductions
that have taken place, and that chiefly on the
articles, the duties on which had been materially di-
minished.

There is, however, one description of direct taxa-
tion that is open to very great and well-founded ob-
jections, and which should be immediately abolished.
We mean the window-tax, which, by preventing the
free access of light and air, is, in the highest degree,
prejudicial to the public health. The sanatory con-
dition of the country has at length attracted the
attention of the Government and of the Legisla-
ture. Every means are now about to be used
for the preservation of that greatest blessing ; the
people have awakened from that torpor and inactivity
which so long prevailed; they will no longer wil-
lingly see malaria and pestilence breeding at their
very thresholds from impurities that might easily be
removed. Can it be supposed that in this improved
state of feeling a tax, which it is admitted has a most
injurious effect in abridging that which is absolutely
necessary to health, which in its nature is incom-
patible with improved sanatory regulations,
should be tolerated ? It is for the people them-
selves to say whether they will rest contented
with the present state of things. A golden moment
is at hand, an opportunity which suffered to escape
may not again be afforded to them for seven long
years. If they avail themselves to the fullest extent of
SlrftrZco litarcsiar -01.7 t l'lnft."." -owe. AritsTrg ch G
--arriu
apathetic, if they exercise their franchise without
care or forethought, they will only have themselves
to blame for the results, however painful they
may be.

We have received Constantinople journals to the
Ist inclusively. The Journal de Constantinople of
that day repeats its assurance of an arrangement
being concluded between the Porte and Persia, and
that all that remained to be settled was the delimita-
tion as regards the wandering tribes of the frontier.
The same journal states that favourable accounts had
been received of the expedition against the rebels of
Kurdistan. The rebel chief, BEDERHAN BET, is
stated to have been abandoned by most of his par-
sans, and to have shut himself up in a fort with only
200 to 300 men.

A Constantinople letter of the 2d states that thq
Cabinet of Vienna has given its decision as to the
dispute between the Porte and Greece entirely in fa-
vour of the former, but has recommended, as a con-
cession, that when M. Mussuitus shall have received
the apologies of King OTHO and M. COLETTI, he shall
withdraw from Athens, and another Ambassador be
appointed.

The Berlin Diet, at its sitting on the 12th, decided
upon the rejection of an income-tax, which was pro-
posed as a substitute for the duty on slaughter-houses
and grinding of corn, by a majority of 311 against
204. An amendment by Count D'ARNIM, proposing
that in lieu of the duty on slaughter-houses and
grinding, there should be a new classification of the
taxes in existence, which would relieve the lower
classes and increase the charges upon the higher, was
also rejected by a majority of 348 to 232.
A Berlin letter of the 14th states that Baron
ALEXANDER DE HUMBOLDT was then so much better
that there was every reason to hope that he would be
shortly restored to good health.
At a meeting of the Senate and Burghers of the
free town of Bremen, held on the 1 1 th, to take into
consideration the mode of providing for the expenses
of the new and extensive public buildings about to be
erected, it was resolved that the financial deputation
should be authorised to contract a loan of a sum of
1,000,000 thalers.

A letter from Vienna of the 12th states that nego-
tiations have been opened between the Governments
of Austria and Prussia, for the purpose of establish-
ing closer commercial relations between the former
and the States of the Zollverein.

The post of Prefect of the Congregation of Rites
at Rome having become vacant by the death of Car-
dinal MICABA, the Porz has appointed Cardinal LUIGI
LAMBRUSCHINI, Bishop of Sabini and Secretary of
Briefs to his Holiness, to fill the place.
A letter from Leghorn, dated the 9th, says—
. _ _

" A great number of petitions have been presented to
the Grand Duke of Tuscany, praying for a represen-
tative system. The Grand Duke received the petitions
graciously, and promised to do all in his power. The
new Council of Censorship for the press is favourably
looked upon by the people, as the members are men of
great public worth. On the 29th ult. the people of
Leghorn, Pisa, and Sienna, celebrated with great rejoic-
ings the anniversary of the famous battle of Logrono
by the league of Lombardy against the Emperor of
Germany. At these places everything passed off quietly;
but at Lucca, where the anniversary was also kept, the
young men f the place having sung patriotic songs, and
uttered cries of Long live Italy! long live Pius IX!' and
made bonfires on the hills, they were dispersed by the
gendarmes, and several of them were arrested. Whilst
at Florence Queen Christina visited the magnificent
palace of the late Count de Saint-Leu, ex-King of Hol-
land, and is said to have charged a banker of Florence to
purchase it for her."

Madrid papers of the 13th and 14th have arrived.
In the Gaceta of the 13th we find a decree autho-
rising the sale, by auction, of the property belonging
to the four military orders of knighthood, and to
that of St. John of Jerusalem. The Gageta of the
14th publishes a decree, enjoining the law officers of
the Crown in different parts of Spain to prosecute
the authors of writings in which the right of the
succession to the Crown of the Infanta LUISA, the
Queen-sister, may be called in question.
The Duke of San Loßmizo bas been suspended

in his post of Commandant of the Halberdiers by
the Marsuis of MALEPICA, who will, it is said,
soon make way for General SERRANO, who is to be
created a Grandee of Spain.

The Heraldo states that the Minister of Finance
has signed an order for a payment, on account, to be
made to the poorer classes of the State creditors,
all of whom are in the greLtest distress.

The bills drawn by General CONCIIA for the pay
of the army of intervention in Portugal have been,
it is said, dishonoured. Tit intelligence from Portu -
gal contained in these papers is to the effect,
that SA DE BANDED:LA had obtained a suspension of
hostilities until the 10th, that the Marquis of LOULE
was expected to arrive in Lisbon with the submission
of the Junta on the 9th, ant that Brigadier REBOCIIO
was attempting to excite a Miguelite insurrection in
the province of Beira.

According to a letter from Catalonia, Brigadier
BAXERAS, chief of the expedition that captured
TRISTANY and Ros D'Ertuzs, has been assassinated.
The Three per Cents. closed at 31 for cash; the Four
per Cents. at 18; the Fin per Cents: at 1$; and the
Debt, without interest, at 54. After the Bourse, the
Three per Cents. were done at 30i for paper.

We have received the Paris papers of Friday and
Saturday.

On Thursday the debate on the report of the Com-
mittee on the Girardin affair took place in the
Chamber of Deputies The Chamber authorised the
prosecution of M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN by the
Chamber of Peers. The discussion was a stormy
one, and was equally damaging to the accuser and
the accused, to the proprietor of the Presse and to
the Ministry. The National gives the following
graphic description of the scene :
" A stranger introduced for the first time into the
Chamber would not have dad occasion for an instructor.
He had only to look round him at the galleries or at the
body of the House. In every direction was to be seen
a compact multitude, the centre benches crowded, the
singular fermentation pre-
vailedin one direction an uneasy
y w the majority of the specta-
torsgcua ieosrshi ettoshwrceol douasgsehal my
tadhpneeaisefilekr{see°:at buts
e aenjoy a dramatic emotion, and
all appearances announced one of those Parliamentary
representations equal or superior to the most interesting
theatrical performance. The amateurs were not disap-
pointed, the sitting was full of incidents, unexpected re-
velations, storms, and a confusion of voices—an orator
extinguished—Ministers compromised—a deputy nailed
to his bench abandoned by all and no longer able to de-
fend himself—a formidable majority crushing under
their feet the victim they are about to surrender to the
judges who are waiting for him. Such is the analysis
of the comedy—such the movement of the scenery and
the name of the actors. M. Billault was about to ascend
the tribune, but the assembly, already unduly excited,
could neither rest in their seats nor remain silent. There
were moments when a sort of febrile impatience held
the spectators in suspense—so great was the anxiety to
hear that they were unable to listen. Nevertheless,
when M. Emile de Girardin expressed a desire to
speak a profound silence prevailed. All eyes
were turned towards him. Standing in his place,
having before him a large portfolio, his face
pale, but his voice firm, be explained to the
House that there were two questions before the
Chambers—one of principle, the other of fact. He de •
Glared that he would allow the first to be discussed, and
that he would merely add some personal explanations
when the principle should have been debated. These
few words, delivered with facility aad steadiness, com-
menced the sitting, and all eyes continued to be directed
towards his swollen portfolio, which appeared as menac-
ing as Pandora's box. M. Billault did not confine the
debate within the terms specified by M. do Girardin—a
man of clear intellect and a skilful anatomist, he pene-
trated rapidly into the marrow of the question. A few
arguments were sufficient to reduce to dust the report of
M. Laviell; and arriving directly at the facts, he shoY,•ed
evidently that the Chamber of Peers was disinterested
in the quarrel—that the question before the House was
an accusation against the Ministry by a deputy—
that there were either Ministers guilty of pre-
varication, or a deputy guilty of calumny. Un-
seasonable interruptions frequently broke the chain
of his argument, but the orator was greeted
with the unanimous assent of the Chamber when he
established his dilemma. The Centres and the Left re-
peated vehemently, in concert, Yes, yes, that is the
fact.' M. de Mony said from his place, • I wish as well
as you that the affair should be investigated.' And we
likewise,' And we likewise.'—lf the facts are true, re-
sumed the orator, the Ministry ought to be impeached,
and the same voices echoed, Yes, yes !' The question
of principle was postponed, and the prevailing idea was
that the facts should be investigated. The ground was
measured; duel, duel,' was the cry, and the Chamber
was anxious that it should take place. M. de Hausson-
villa wished to address the House in defence of the un-
fortunate report of the Commission; he was scarcely
heard, but he added that the Commission reserved its
right to change the terms cf its report, after having
heard M. Emile de Girardin. The interest was imme-
diately increased twofold, and it was believed that the

accused would speak; he did, in fact, ascend the tribune,
but it was to declare that he now pursued the course
followed by M. de Cormenin in 1835 ; he declared
air"' ao anycrrulnca ny murmurs, and the
ill will of the Centres assumed a hostile character. The
orator appeared indignant that his word should not have
obtained the same credit as that of M. de Cormenin.
New murmurs. The Chamber wished something else.
M. Emile de Girardin concluded by affirming that he
would, at a later period, explain the facts, and persist in
maintaining them. . . . . He then quitted the tribune,
and the general disappointment caused tumultuous agi-
tation upon every bench. To the voice of the orator
succeeded confused murmursandanimatedconversations.
M. Plougoulm, however, descended from the upper seats
of the Centre which he inhabits—the President refused
to bear him, but the entire House exclaimed, Speak!
speak!' He proceeds, he recedes, not knowing whom
to obey, the violent flood of the Chamber bears him
to the tribune, the reflux of the President drives
him back, and he in fine, after his barque had suffered
many oscillations, was miserably shipwrecked. His
unconnected discourse, without hearing—a mere
assemblage of empty sounds and noisy declamations__
was every moment interrupted by confused murmurs.
Scarcely could his meaning be collected at the conclu-
sion of his speech. He wished for a serious discussion,.
and for that reason he would send the deputy before the
Chamber of Peers. His emotion deranged his faculties,
he clung from branch to branch, like a man contending
against a current which was carrying him off; he
finished by plunging into the gulf, and when he resumed
his place there remained no more of the eloquence of My:
Plougoulm than a floating corpse. A single incident
created a sensation in the assembly. When M. Plou-
goulm exclaimed that M. de Girardin would not fly a
debate before the Chamber of Peers, the latter rose like
a serpent about to dart his sting, and screamed with a
shrill voice, M. Emile de Girardin never fled.' This
sarcastic allusion to the well-known history of the ex-
Attorney-General of Toulouse contributed not a little to
his dis.lomfiture. The fatigue and disappointment had
become so great that the Chamber had need of repose.
The sitting was suspended for a short time, and M.
Odilon Barrot having ascended the tribune, was heard
with that silence ever granted to him. He resumed the
question of principle, and discussed it in a few words—
nobody cared to hear him ; but at length he addressed
himself to M. de Girardin and pressed him to explain,
when the entire Chamber cheered. M. Emile de Girar-
din collected his papers and slowly ascended the tribune.
The attention of the Chamber had become in a Measure
agonising—the prologue was concluded, and the drama
was about to commence. The orator began by declaring
that he meant neither to diminish nor aggravate the ac-
cusation made by him, but to prove its accuracy. The
members held their breath—he added, that he was a
man attached to the Government, and that he demanded
a Secret Committee before lie revealed what he had to
say. At this announcement a general surprise and
visible terror seized those in the galleries. If five
members demanded a Secret Committee,' said the Pre-
sident, they have a right to it,' and already more than
ten members rose exclaiming grant a Secret Committee
if it be necessary for the defence ;' but at the same time
a terrific hurricane burst amongst the Centre benches.
M. Duchatel rose with the regulations of the House
in his hand. He was met with a shout of the
Secret Committee is declared; you have no right to
speak.' A scene of indescribable confusion ensued.
. . , It was as curious as the view in Pandemonium.
EAnit lielengdtho
GtihrearMdiinnisrteetrraoeng
fithehlinstsetreioprs,succeeded in say-
ing a few words, protesting against the
announced mystery.
that
since the Cabinet 'forced him to explain in public he
would now tell all! But the mistrust of the Centres was
awakened, and the orator was often interrupted; it be-
came necessary that M. Dupin should remind the Cham-
ber that the position of an accused commanded respect.
for that he hadp
clEpmaniylewdheoGirardin, tranquil and master of himself; de-
tailed each allegation made in the article published by
the Presse,—a theatrical privilege sold for 100,000 francs,
which he proved by the written testimony of one of the
ysumof—atnitlaesrtoicflneoibniliza,
Mode—crosses of the Legion of Honour, for this he cited
aid
only
facts but refused to mention names—in fine, -.the pro-
athteenitourrhoourait
mise of a peerage, neither would he mention the name,
but he appealed to the memory of MM. Guizot and
Duchatel ; the latter had told him, That passed in my
absence. I blamed it ; but it was done by M. Guizot.'
This revelation excited some commotion, and the orator
had previously with singular ability showed what little
value was to be attached to Ministerial denials. He
went further, he proved that a similar fact had oc-
curred in the year 1846, and he produced the proof.
He read, in fact, a letter addressed to the King, which
has remained during eighteen months in the hands of
his Majesty, in which letter M. Guizot is broadly ac-
cused of having made the complete adhesion of a journal
the condition of the creation of a peer. The postulant
refused the condition with indignation—the postulant
was Lieut.-General Girardin, the journal was the Presse.
In fine, adding to the number of facts, the deputy de-
clared that at a meeting of postmasters they wore offered
that a Bill should be passed in their favour for a sum of
1,200,000 f. This full exposé was made with firm as-
surance, and with all the appearance of profound truth.
The knot was becoming difficult; the Minister of the
Interior rose to reply. In replying
he denied, or rath
de
er
slipped over the charges with prudent dexterity. M.
Girardin repeated his assertions—whether he proved
them the Chamber must decide. Tho Minister
maintained that he was no party to the sale of

the theatrical privilege that as regarded the re-
maining charges, no Member of the Chamber could
imagine that he could have meddled with such cor-
rupt traffic. The Chamber will decide. It was
adroit, but not conclusive on the part of the Minister.
Nevertheless the Centres applauded warmly. There
remained M. GuiZot and the famous promise of a
peerage. Here matters took another turn, the Minister
in the most unconcerned manner read a letter at the
tribune in which M. Emile de Girardin admitted that he
had surrendered his journal during four months and
consented that it should deviate from his line of politics,
because a promise had been made to him to grant Lieu-
tenant-General de Girardin the peerage, the object of so
many applications. The letter produced an overpower-
ing effect. M. de Girardin had offered and accepted in
the year 1838 the condition which he had reproached
M. Guizot with having subsequently suggested—he had
alienated his journal, and hal consequently committed
that which he accused M. Guizot of having required.
The man was unmasked, the deputy was struck to the
heart, but was the Minister the less dishonoured? Did
he deny the letter, or that the peerage was sold
for a journal? No ; but the Chamber felt indignant
that he who had previously offered his journal should at
present accuse the man who subsequently required the
same sacrifice. It was believed, however, that M. de
Girardin would have returned to the charge, and that he
would have opposed contradiction to contradiction—that
he would have covered the writer by the deputy, by de-
manding a prosecution or an inquiry—that he would, in
fine, show a gleam of indignation, or an impulse of
courage. . . . Vain attempt—he remained nailed to
his seat immovable; his glass to his eye, his face a yel-
low green—he received the mortal stroke without re-
sistance. 'The Opposition had nothing further to do but
to protest in the name of a principle and to desert the
man who had abandoned himself. The majority trium-
phant surrendered him disdainfully to the peerage."
M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN is to make his appearance
at the bar of the Chamber of Peers on Tuesday. It
is rumoured that he will be sentenced to a month's
imprisonment and fined 10,000 francs.

The Committee on the Cubieres affair have re-
ported that there is ground for suspicion against
General CUBIERES, M. TESTE (late Minister of Public
Works), M. PARMENTIER, and M. PALLEPRAT. The
report was to be presented to the Chamber on
Monday (this day).
On Friday the Chamber of Deputies passed a Bill
allowing the free importation of corn in ships of
all nations until 31st January next. There arrived
at Marseilles on the 15th inst. 77 vessels laden with
wheat.

On the motion (brought forward on Saturday in
the Chamber of Deputies) that a sum of 200,000 f. be
granted to defray the expenses of celebrating the anni-
versary of the Revolution of July, 1830, M. DE BEAU
MONT opposed the motion, on the ground that the pre-
sent system of government was so opposed to the Revo-
lution of July, and from the principles it established,
that the celebration of its anniversary was a mere
mockery. The motion, however, was carried by a
majority of 225 to 8.
The following letter, dated Berne, 14th June,
appears in the Constitutionnel :
" This morning the President of the Vorort, M.
Ochsenbein, returned the British Chargé d'Affaires, Mr.
Peel, the visit he had received from him, on his elevation
to the federal presidency. The interview lasted upwards
of an hour. From what transpired of it, it appears
certain that England is endeavouring to turn to her
advantage the recent blunders committed by the French
Cabinet, by assuming an attitude different from that of
the Cabinet of the Tuileries. Mr. Peel, far from in-
dulging in any allusion offensive to M. Ochsenbein's
character, as chief of the free corps, very properly
passed that circumstance in silence, and merely referred
to the contingencies that might result from the
adhesion of twelve States and two half States
to the policy of Berne and Zurich with regard to the
great questions which now divide Switzerland. The
English Minister, instead of questioning the competency
of the Diet to enact decrees binding on the minority of
the cantons, recognised that the conduct of that assembly
was strictly legal, and completely foreign to the facts
which had given rise, two years ago, to a manifestation
of the Cabinet of St:James. In a word, the language
of Mr. Peel shows that, if a cordial understanding now
exists between France and Austria to support the Swiss
Ultramontane party, the British Cabinet, directed by
more sound inspirations, appreciates the situation of our
country and the demands of the Liberal party in their
real point of view. This is a serious check for the
French policy, which, in order to please its present
allies in Switzerland, is obliged in its foreign policy to
separate from the most proponderating constitutional
state in Europe to join an Absolutist Power. Such a
contrast is more eloquent than long comments."

The same journal has the following observations on
the debates in the English Parliament on the affairs
of Portugal :

"In both Houses of the British Parliament it is una-
nimously agreed that between the Queen of Portugal and
the insurgents right and justice were on the side of the
latter; that the English Ministry, in interposing, had no
other view than to save the Portuguese Constitution, and
protect the lives of the insurgents; that the French
Ministry and its tool, the late Spanish Ministry, would
have interfered only to secure a triumph for a perjured
OJIC.D. etermAzt. fy Rat they differ' in
is this:—The English Cabinet thinks that our Govern-
ment is disposed to make a long stride on the path of re-
action against liberty into which it has long ago entered,
and in which it daily is taking new steps. The English
opposition think that it is reactionary and without courage,
and that a single menace would suffice to make it recoil.
By this it may be seen what opinion is entertained abroad
of the liberal principles snd courage of the men who
rule us. Poland, Switzerland, Greece, and Italy, are
ample evidences that this opinion is not a false one."
We read in the Commerce:—

"It appears that a grand political manifestation is to
take place in Paris at the end of the session. It is pro-
posed that a Reform banquet shall take place in the
Salle Ventadour, in which 600 citizens may join. The
subscription of the Deputies of the Opposition are to be
first solicited, and a great number among them have
already announced the intention of taking part in the
demonstration. We are assured that M. Odilon Barrot,
M. Gustave de Beaumont, M. Lem de Malleville, and
M. Duvergier de Hauranne, are to solicit the Prefect of
Police to grant the necessary authorisation for the ban-
quet. When the city of Paris shall have made its de-
monstration, these four Honourable Members are de-
termined to cause similar manifestations in the country,
on the return of the Members of the Opposition to their
departments."

A letter from Toulon states that the squadron un-
der the orders of the Prince DE JOIN VILLE was still
in the roadstead of Algiers on the 12th, but was pre-
paring for a cruise on the coast of Morocco.
The Iphigenie and Armide frigates left Toulon on
the 14th for Lisbon.

The Committee upon the Lyons and Avignon Rail-
road Bill has decided upon substituting a definitive
plan for that of the Government, which it considers
to be only provisional. It has named M. DE LAFA.•
itELLE for its reporter.
The Committee of the Chamber of Deputies on the
Paris and Lyons Railroad Bill had agreed to extend
the lease of the company by fifteen years, and to grant
it a few other advantageous conditions. M. BEIM'
had been appointed reporter on the Bill. The com-
pany, it was said, was not satisfied with these conces-
sions, and demanded that the whole of the money
deposited as a security should be returned to it, in
case it abandoned the enterprise.

The Committee charged with examining the Bills
requiring additional credits for the Northern, Vier-
zon, and Marseilles Railroads, was of opinion to ac-
cord them, with the exception of a sum of 1,000,000 f.
required for the latter, which was to be paid by the
company. •
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on
Saturday at 771. 60c.•, the Five per Cents., at 118 f. 10c.;
the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,271 f. 25c. ' • Rouen, 966 f. 25c.;
Havre, 652 f. 50c.; Great Northern, 582 f. 50c. ; Avignon,
7051.; Vierzon, 610 f. ; Bordeaux, 505 f. ; Boulogne, 4101.;
Troyes and Montereau, 2751.; Basle, 187 f. 50c.; Dieppe,
3161. 25c.; Paris and Strasburg, 428 f. 75c.; Tours and
Nantes, 410 f.; Paris and Lyons, 442 f. 50c.; Bordeaux and
Cette; 4531. 75c.
MARSEILLES, JUNE 15.—Marseilles and Avignon, 740 f.;
Northern, 597 f. 50c.

LYONS, JUNE 17.—Paris and Rouen, 961 f. 25c.; Avignon
and Marseilles, 703 f. 75e. ; Vierzon, 611 f. 52c. ; hero, 595 f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, JUNE 19.
Boulogne and Amiens, 165/B—Luxembourg, 11,4—Namur
and Liege, 35/2—Northern of France, 1134—Paris and Lyons,
55A—Paris and Rouen, 37%—Rouen and Havre, 26
Sambre and Meuse, 63A .

Her Majesty and Prince Albert, accompanied by
the royal children and the Court, are expected to
arrive at Buckingham Palace about five o'clock this
afternoon, from Clarement.

OUR HUNT.—We have sometimes felt surprise
that our vocalists have never thought of giving us a
sporting soiree. We have bad Scotch, and Irish, and
' Welch, and Gipsy soirees, all of which have succeeded,
but our collection of sporting songs, and no country is
5,,) rich in sporting songs, has been hitherto suffered to
remain unillustrated. We are rejoiced, therefore, to
find that at length our sporting songs are to have
justice done to them. Mr. John Mills, the author
of " The Old English Gentleman," " The Stage
Coach," " The Sportsman's Library," upon whom the
mantle of Nimrod seems to have fallen, gives an ever-
tainment at the Strand Theatre this evening illustrative
of sporting life, in the course of which he will sing " A
hunting we will go," "A southerly wind," " Tom
Moody," and several other crack sporting songs. Wo
hope that all lovers of sport will rally round him.
The Prince Royal of Bavaria is appointed Inspec-
tor-General of the Bavarian army, a post that has been
vacant since the death of Field Marshal the Prince de
Wrede,
Major Wright left London on Saturday morning
by the General Steam Navigation Company's mail steam- '
ship Princess Royal, for Ilamburgh.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.
The sales of Cotton at Liverpool on Saturday were
6,000 bales. The market was lively. American at full
rates, and Surat and Brazil a point higher. The de-
mand for Shares was but limited, but prices were firmer.
• The Liverpool, Crosby, and Southport Railway Bill
passed the House of Lords on Friday last, and only now
awaits the royal assent. As regards the intrinsic merits
of this line, it will be sufficient to state that the Man-
chester and Leeds Railway Company have already made
arrangements with the directors for securing possession
of it.
The Vernon, arrived from the Cape of Good Hope,
brings dates of April 21, but no definite news, as yet, of
the expedition against the Kafirs. It seems, indeed, to
be rather a matter of uncertainty whether our troops
will meet with any decided resistance, or be pounced
upon as before, by straggling parties, guerilla fashion.
The breakwater at the Cape was not likely to be made
yet for want of funds. Dr. Smye, a talented gentleman,
who graduated in England, had been unfortunately
drowned by the upsetting of his boat in Mossel Bay.
There were liberal subscriptions making for the Irish
and Scotch.
The advices from the West India islands advert, in
some instances, to the prevalence of dry weather, and
this was the case in parts of Jamaica; but generally, the
planters had no reason to complain, and the yield will be
much more abundant than usual. The want of shipping
to bring the produce to England appears to be much
felt at Jamaica, TrinHad, and other of the colonies.
It appears to us, after a careful perusal of accounts
from various quarters, that the crops on the continent,
as well as here, promise abundantly, and that the at-
tempt to get up corn is likely to be defeated by the
continued heavy imports here.
In one day, the 15th instant, there arrived at Havre,
sufficient flour and grain to supply Paris with a week's
consumption.
The Stock Market is less bueyant to-day, owing to the
impression that the corn market may be run up again.
Consols have been 88* and are now at 884. The New
Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents. have realised 90* t, and
the Three per Cents. Reduced, 88k It is said that
the jobbers in the house are short of stock, and wish to
get prices down a little, as usual, in order temporarily to
turn their accounts. Exchequer-bills keep up at 7s. to
10s. premium, and there is no want of money.
The Foreign Securities are dull, though steady in
value. Portuguese Four per Cents. have been 32 to
321, and Spanish Three per Cents. 34i. Brazil Stock
is at 834. Mexican Bonds have been again marked 204.
Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. are worth 581.
• There is no announcement yet respecting the dividend
on Portuguese Bonds, but many are sanguine of an ar-
rangement ero the Duke of Palmella leaves for Lisbon,
which he is shortly expected to do.
The Share Market is dull to-day, although prices are
maintained at about Saturday's range. Aberdeen are
29 to 294 ; Eastern Counties, 204 4 ; Caledonian, 30+ *;
Great Northern, 2 to 24 ; Great Western Quarter, 17f ;
Brighton, 54i to 55 ; North Western, 179 to 180 ;
Manchester and Leeds, 103 ; Newcastle and Berwick,
284 ; North Stafford, 10 to * ; South-Eastern, 3711 ; and
York and Newcastle, 37*. Ceylon are ; and
Northern of France, 114 k.
BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
(From the Official List.)
Three per Cent. Reduced Annuities • . 8834%
New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cent. Anns. 90 % %
South Sea Stock .. .. • • •• • •
Ditto, Old Annuities • • •. .. 87
Consols for Opening, July 16 88% -X%
Exchequer Bills. 130. 2d.
1,000/. • • .. .... 10 7p
500/. •• •• •• •• 14 913
Ditto. Small .. .... 15 20 13 p
PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent - • • • 834
Ditto, New Bonds, 1829 and 1839 82%
Mexican, 1846, 5 per Cent • • • •
Ditto, for the Account .. 204
Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent.
Ditto, Four per Cent
Ditto, for the Account
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent. • • • •
Ditto, Three per Cent .. • • • •
Ditto, for the Account • .. 34%
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. 58 4
Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certificates .. 89% 3434
BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK
RAILWAYS. PAID. PER SHARE.
Aberdeen • • • • • • • • • • • 35 •• • • 293 •• .. to
Birmingham, Wolver., and Dudley - • 10 .. • • 14% to
Buckinghamshire .. • • .. • • 6/. 45... .. % dis. to
Caledonian .. .. • • • • •• 35 30% 4% to
Dublin and Belfast Junction .. •. 15 .... 2% • to
Eastern Counties .. . • • • • • 20 .. 20%14.34% to
Ditto, York Extension • • • • • • 7% .... 63,(.... to 7
Great Not Lhern .. • • • • 23434.• to 2
Great Southern and Western (Ireland) 30 .... 255 .... to
Great Western .. 85 .... to
Ditto,,Quarter Shares .. 12% .... 1754 to
Ditto. Fifths .. 20 .... 27% •• .. to
Leeds and Bradford .. • • .. .. 40 .... 88 .... to
Leicester and Bedford 16s. .... % die. to
Leeds and Thirsk • . • • • . .. 26 .• •- to
Do.. do.. Preference, 6 per Cent 3% 2N to
London and Blackwall .. 161. 13s. 4d. •• • • 7% •• .. to
London, Brighton, and South Coast • • 50 .• -. 5444 %.. to 55
London and Greenwich .. 121. 15s. 4d. •• .. .... to
Lootion and North-Western .. • . ..100 ....180 .... to 179
Ditto, Quarters .. L. and B. 7 .• • • 23% .. • • to
Ditto ditto New .. • • .. . 2 .... I 3 •• •
.. th 12S
-Mao, mIlf• : . . 74-
Manchester and Leeds •• • .. 82 .• • .103 .. to
Manchester, Buxton, and Matlock - • 425. •• • • IA ells.. to
Manchester and Southampton .. • • 2 •• • • % •• • • to
Midlaad ..100 ....124 .... to
Ditto, New .. • • .. 6 .. .. to
Newcastle and Berwick •• 20 .... 28 .... to
Ditto, New . .. 5 .... 7%% • • to
North British .. .. • . .. • • 25 .. •• .. to
Ditto, Half Shares .. 12 15% .... to
Ditto, Quarters .• .• .. 31. .. 4% .. to
North Staffordshire •• 7% .... 10% .• .• to 10
%outh Eastern and Dover .. ..331.2x. 4d. 37% .... to
Ditto, New (do. 331. 6s. Bd.) No. 2.. 12 ... 12 to
South Wales .. .. 10 .. • • 7 .. .. to
West Riding Union .; .. • • 4/. 25.• par.... to
York
tano dit'ewwcastle g too
_—
Ditto, Preference .. 8 .. •• 11 %;Q .. to
York and North Midland .. • • 50 •• • • 85)i •• • • to
Ditto. Extension 25 42 ...• to
Ditto East and West Riding Extension 10 .... 21% •• to
FOREIGN RAILWAYS.
Ceylon .. ss. •• • • 'A %•• to
Northern of France • • ,• .. 8 •• • • 11334 •• to
Rouen and Havre .. .• . .. 20 .... 26 ••.. to 25%
Sambre and Meuse •• •. .. 14 74% • • to
MINES
Real del Monte. Unregistered • • • • 34 .... to

.. .. 32% 32

LLOYD'S SHIPPING—(THIS DAY.)
LONDON, JUNE 21.—Wind S.S. W., light breeze and hazy.
DEAL, JUNE 19.—Wind N.W., moderate ; 20th, N.W.,
light breeze from S. W., moderate.—Arrd. Admiral Moor-
soom, M'Knight, Valparaiso; Robert, Steriker, St. Kitt's ;
Norman, Lemell, Baltimore; 20th, Bengal Merchant, Lowen,
Calcutta ; -Vernon, Voss, Calcutta ' • Thomas Jones, Hamil-
ton, Mauritius; Margaret, Bahia; Candahar, Ridley, Deme-
rara; Whampoa, Grenada ; Henry Tanner, Jamaica; Duke
of Manchester, Murray, Jamaica; Medora, Jamaica; Corrio
de Teneriffe, Cuculla, Havannah ; Anversois, Menlanaar,
Aratanzas, and sailed for Elsinore ; Kelso, Roxburgh, Ma-
tanzas; Margaret, Cuba, and sailed for Shields; Mary
Mitcheson, Mitcheson, Savanilla ; Eperveer, Farwell, New
York, and sailed for Antwerp ; Don, Muir, Boston ; Java, St.
John's, New Brunswick; Sea Flower, Newfoundland. Sld.
Eliza Sharp, Singapore; Ellen Bryson, Grenada; Laura,
Porto Rico.
LIVERPOOL, JUNE 20. Arrd. Malabar, Foster, New
Orleans ; Eli Whitney, Dyer, New Orleans ; Mindora, Heler,
New Orleans; Occana, Nickel, New Orleans; Keying,
Flanders, Virginia ; Glaucus, Gales, Philadelphia ; Basling-
ton, Cook, New York ; Red Rose, Sapple, Porto Rico ; Di-
rector, Tathel, Callao ; Marion, Waof, Antigua; Maria
Eulalia, Goetz, Havannah ; Abigail, Daly, New Orleans;
Isaac Newton, Clark, New Orleans; Devon, Philadelphia;
Mary, Killam, Philadelphia ; Clyde, Philadelphia; Sheridan,
t
Cornish, New York ; St. Andrew, Lorby, Montreal, sailed
ndi er),
Quebec27th.iaiita, x Sld. Ceres, Newfoundland; Ca-
ledonia i ual t
(steamand
&c.; Greenock, Quebec. Off
port, Alexander Johnston, Adolphe.
SOUTHAMPTON, JUNE 21.—Arrd. Trent (steamer), West
Indies, left St. Thomas Ist inst.
CLYDE, JUNE 18. Arrd. Arethusa, Morris, Trinidad;
Coronation, Hare, St. John's, New Brunswick; California,
Lawson, St. John's, New Brunswick ; Lord Sidmouth, Dow,
St. John's, New Brunswick. 19th, Nashua, Skoats, New
Orleans. Sid. Constellation, Demerara; Gauntlet, Ha-
vannah ; Royal William, Newfoundland.
WATERFORD, JUNE 19.—Wind N. Sid. Susan, Green,
New York ; Curraghmore, Quebec.
Li3tEitick, JUNE 19.—Wind N.—Sld Maria, Quebec.
IVmanEs POINT, JUNE 18.—Wind N., fresh.—Arrd. Ayr-
shire, O'Neil, New York.
SUNDERLAND, JUNE 20.—Wind W.—Arrd. Staindrop, St.
John's, New Brunswick.
TRALEE, JUNE 14.—Arrd. Henry, Bower, Baltimore.
BELFAST, JUNE 19.—Wind N.N.W. Arrd. William,
Murphy, New York.
CoRK, JUNE 17.—Wind N.—Arrd. Lima, Higgins, New
Orleans ; Almado, Bartlett, ditto ; Charles William, Fan-
shaw, ditto; Constance, Foster, Norfolk, and sld for London ;
Argyle, Darkee, St. John's, New Brunswick. Sid. British
Merchant, St. John's, New Brunswick ; Conservative, Que-
bec. Off port, Mysore, Matanzas. 18. Mecacda, Hall, Trini-
e,
Salisbury,dad; wood Be-
lize; Victoria
Crane, Clements,
Baltimore.l 'r t o Rico; Dry
ABERDEEN, JUNE 16.—Arrd. Albion, Leslie, St.
OFF PENTLAND FIRTH, Ruiz 12.—Henry Porcher, Greig,
St. John's, New Brunswick. 14. General Graham, White,
ditto; Elizabeth, Ovenston, St. Vincent's. 16. Liverpool,
M‘Rae, ditto, for Grangemouth.
HULL, JUNE 19.—Wind N.N.E.—Arrd. Sally, Mobile.
BELFAST, JUNE 19.—The hull of a vessel, apparently a
brig, dismasted and abandoned, was passed, Ist. inst., lat.
41, long. 51, by the William, arrd. here.