The Sun.
London, England, 1847-02-09 00:00:00

Tilt suk, LONDON, TURSDAY PPBRTJARY P 1847

Mr. Burbidge then applied for the restoration of the 3001.,
which was found, as already described, in the street near the
Catherine Wheel, when the parties were going to the station-
house after the prisoner was g►ven into custody. Tho appli-
cant then produced a writtan authority from Mr. Sliipper
tOr the whole of the above sum, describing that he 17A9 in
_ .

IT:Mt of it ts) 211!!ble him fn arror;ie Rome pecuniary
matters, so that he could attend the court without the risk

of being arrested.
Mr. Corriscium, in reply to the application, said that he
had no objection to order a portion of the 3001. to be delivered
up to the gentleman who was empowered with the authority
of the owner to receive it; but that he should retain the
remainder in order to insure the attendance of Mr. Skipper

to prosecute the charge. It was a case of much public im-
portance, and, in justice to the accused, was one which
required the fullest investigation before another tribunal.
He added, that if the prosecutor himself came forward, heard
the depositions read over, and entered into the required re-
cognizances to appear at the Central Criminal Court, the
whole of his money should be given up to him.
Mr. Burbidge repeated that his client was fearful of
appearing in consequence of the circumstances he had pre-
viously related, but that it was his full determinatien to pro-

secute the charge.
Mr. COITINGIIAM remneked, that he should issue a sum-
mon: to compel the prosecutor's attendance, and that upon
that process he would be perfectly free from arrest for debt
while coming to that Court to give evidence, and until his

departure.
Mr. Burbidge said, that Mr. Skipper would be liable to
arrest immediately after his departure, and that it was to
avoid that casualty he was not present on that occasion. lie
added, that notwithstanding some imputations had been cast
upon the character of Mr. Skipper, owing to the way is which
he occupied himself on the night of the alleged robbery, in
riding about and calling at different public-houses about
sweepstakes before his arrival at the Catherine Wheel bin
with his relative, Hr. West, yet that he was a highly respect-
able "young man ; was possessed of independent property ;
had large expectations, and for the last two years, to his
(Mr. Burbidge's) knowledge, occupied a residence called
Albert-villa at Whetstone; that he was only 23 years of
age, and, like many young men at that period of life, was
rather gay and volatile in his habits. He again repeated
that Mg. Skipper was in much want- of the whole of the
money, and that he would be sure to attend the next ex-
amination if another adjournment took place.
Mr. Humphries, on the behalf of the accused, urged the
necessity of a thorcasgh investigation into this most serious
case, and at the same time observed that a summons issued
from this court would preserve the peoeecutor from arrest;
and, in the event of his caption after quitting the court, on
an application to a judge detailing the facts of the case,
there was no question but his immediate liberation would be
orlared.
The liaanstaavn was perfectly aware of that faccand he
forthwith issued a summons against the prosecutor, who, how-
ever, declined to attend, on the grounds before stated.
Mr. Burbidge subsequently applied for the restoration of
1001. out of the 800 L, offering to leave 2001. in the hands of
the clerk of the court.
Mr. Corrnrosam, after some reflection, considered it so
' essential for the sake of public justice that Mr. Skipper should
attend to prosecute the chugs, that he declined to acceda to
the proposition, unless he was assured by the solicitor that
the money was required fur the purpose of enabling him to
attend at the court to give evidence.
Mr. Burbidge, however, could sot undertake to state that
such was the fact,' although he was confident his client, who
had already given him inetructions for tie prosecution, would
attend at the trial.
After some further discussion on the subject, the magistrate
said that the summons not being attended to, he should issue
a warrant to compel tha eo lainant's attendance.
The depositions of the wiiasee were then read over by
Mr. Edwin, the chief clerk; and when he arrived at the
evidence given by the three policemen, 101 M, 191 M, and
30 M, they stood forward and stated that they omitted to
mention on the previous examination that when they were
called to the Catherine Wheel to take the prisoner into cus-
tody, Mr. Skipper informed them that be had searched the
man, and found nothing in his possession, and that was the
reason they (the policemen) did not consider it necessary to
institute another examination of his person.
Mr. Corriamissi expressed hie astonishment that the po-
licemen should have neglected to mention so important a fact
when before him on the last occasion, but he remembered
having questioned them separately on the subject of search-
ing the accused before they left the Catherine Wheel for the
station-house, and that neither of them paid one word about
that which they now assorted upon oath was said by the
prosecutor to them.
Mr. Humphries urged the necessity of adding' this new
testimony to the depositions, and this being taken down, a
further adjournment of the case took placvin order to have
the prosecutor's evidence to complete the c
MARLBOROUGH-STREET.
HAzzARn c. TarLon.—Thie case, which contained some
points of interest, was heard last week, and Mr. Bingham
delivered the following judgment upon it this morning:—
In this case, Elizabeth liamard took out a summons
against Mastic Taylor, fbr detaining, as she alleged, without
just cause, the duplicate of a velvet gown, pawned by her.
In answer to the complaint, Taylor asserted that he re-
ceived the duplicate from Mrs. Ilazzard, as security for the pay-
ment of a billet exchange for 101., dated April 11,1843, and ac-
cepted by the husband of thecomplainant, payable three months
after date. This bill, which he declared he had discounted
1 for Mrs. Ilazaard, was dishonoured when due, and still re-
mained in his bands unpaid. Mrs. Hazzard admitted the
transfer of the bill and its non-payment, but insisted that
although she had paid Taylor a considerable sum by way of
interest in advance on this and another bill of 12/.. she had
never received a farthing from him in respect of the 101.
bill. She further declared that the duplicate she now sought
to recover was not delivered to Taylor at the same time
as the 101. bill, but some weeks afterwards, when
she was seeking to raise a further sum of 501.
Hazzard called two witnesses, one of whom bad heard her
upon two occasions, about three years ago, ask Taylor for the
amount of a bill, when Taylor, instead of giving a direct
answer, turned oil the conversation to some other subject.
The other witness said, that about the same period he had
' made several applications for the amount of this bill
at the request of Mrs. Ilaasard, but bad always
been put off, and that afterwards, when he has applied for a
number of Mrs. hiaszard'a duplicates, Taylor said he bad
lost them or left them in the country. The statement of
these witnesses is not irreconcilable with the statement of
Taylor. It may be that,saapecting the worthlessness of the
bill of exchange, he refused to advance money on
it till he received the daplicates in question by
way of security;: and the application for the money
spoken of by the witnesses may have been made after
the delivery of the bill, and before the delivery of +
the duplicate, and the manner in which Mrs. Ilazaard
has delivered her testimony certainly does not en-
title her to a higher measure of credit than her
opponent. There is, therefore, no evidence on which a court
of justice could coine to any safe conclusion as to the main
fact in content between these parties. But, independently of
that act, I think that Taylor is, under the circumstances,
entitled to retain the duphoste upon a principle of law from
which it would be dangerous is depart. Taps produces
a dishonoured UM of exehango, which, without further
evidence on his part than the proof of handwriting, rah"
the presumption of a debt due from the party at whose
hands he received it. This presumptive liability can only
be discharged by a proof of payment, or &proof of fraud; and
' the proof of fraud ought to be clear and conclusive, as every one
is presumed to be free from crime till the contrary is shown. ,
[ It has already been pointed out that the proof by which it
I, has been sought to establish fraud in the present ease is not
only not conclusive, but is even compatible with the defend-
ant's innocence. And the coureqursued by the complainant
herself is scarcely reconcilable with the charge she now ad-
vances. She is neither young nor inexperienced, nor deficient
in abilities or energy to assert her rights and obtain justice
when she is wronged. If the defendant had treated her in
the way she now states she might have brought him before
a police-court on a charge of fraud three. years and
a half ago. After neglecting to take, that course
when the alleged injury was recent and the
facts fresh in the memory of witnesses, and ' her re-
sorting to it after a lapse of time, which must place serious
difficulties in the way of defence, rather leads to the infer-
ence that the charge could never have been established.
The present summons is therefore dismissed.

INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT.
ACCESSION of the KING of SAXONY to the
CONVENTION CONCLUDED MAY 13, 1846,
between GREAT BRITAIN and PRUSSIA, for
the ESTABLISHMENT of INTERNATIONAL
COPYRIGHT. SIGNED at BERLIN, AUGUST
24, 1846.
Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, and his Majesty the King of
Prussia, having concluded at Berlin, on the 13th of May,
1846, a convention for the reciprocal protection of copy-
right against piracy, and it having been stipulated in
Article 8 of that convention, that those German States
which, together with Prussia, compose the German
Union of Customs, or which may hereafter join that
Union, should have the right of acceding to the said
convention, their Britannic and Prussian Majesties have
addressed to his Majesty the King of Saxony the invita-
tion to accede thereto ;
And his Majesty the King of Saxony being desirous
of availing himself of the opportunity thus afforded to
him of acceding to the said Convention ;
The respective ‘onipotentiaries, that is to say—
On the part of liar Majesty the Queen of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Right Hon.
John, Earl of Westmorland, Lord Burghersh, a peer of
the United Kingdom, a member of her Britannic Ma-
jesty's Privy Council, a Liotitenant-General Commander
of the Military Order of the Bath of England, Grand
Cross of the Order of the Guelphs of Hanover, her Bri-
tannic Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary to his Majesty the King of Prussia:
On the part of his Majesty the King of Prussia, the
Sieur Erasmus Robert, Baron de Patow, his Privy Coun-
cillor of Legation, and Director of the Department for
Foreign Affairs, Knight of the Orders of the Red Eagle
of the third class with the clasp of Prussia, and of the
House of Ernest of Ducal Saxony:
And on the part of his Majesty the King of Saxony,
the Sieur John de Minekwitz, his Minister of State, a
Lieutenant-General and Aide-de-camp-General, Envoy
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to their
Majesties the King of Prussia and the King of Hanover,
Knight of the Military Order of St. Henry, and Grand
Cross of the Orders of Civil Merit of Saxony, of the Red
Eagle of Prussia, of Leopold of Austria, of Civil Merit
of Bavaria, and of the White Falcon of Grand-Ducal
Saxony; decorated with the Medal of Military Merit
of Grand-Ducal Saxony, Grand Cross of the Order of
the House of Ernest of Ducal Saxony, Knight of else
Order of St. Anne of the first class of Russia, Grand
Officer of the Legion of Honour of France, Grand
Cross of the Military Order of St. Benedict d'Aviz of
Portugal:
Met together, for theturpose of recording in due form
the accession of his Majesty the King of Saxony, as well
as the acceptance, by her Britannic Majesty and his
Prussian Majesty, of the said accession on the part of
Ibis Saxon Majesty.
inTehosuplenipotentiary of his Majesty the King of Saxony
that his said
May,Majesty
sequence declares, is virtue of his full powers,
ythich a print c accedes both to the convention of
to the special
the 13th1846, containing ten articles, and of
provisions
aunexod to the present act, and
the separate protocol contained
in
section
1-4
a copy is hereunto annexed;
on the same day, of which
pulations of the said convention promising that the sti-
of
which shall come
into operation in the kingdom
ptember of Saxony, from and
after the Ist of Se
as well as those
of the separate protocol, shall be
Saxony
into execution
by his Majesty the King of Sax
neailtiopuesinwtsclicsbo
tar as they may be applicable toythisr
subsist between the Saxon Government in all
Government and its subjects ; subject, howetvheer' British
oitith
express reservation, that Article U. of the Couventtio:

shall be modified, with regard to Saxony, in the follow-
ing manner, that is to say :
No person in either of the two countries, either in the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, or in tho
kingdom of Se.xony, shall be entitled to the protection
stipulated by Article I. of the Convention, unless the
work to be protected against piracy sbaii have been
registered by the author or his agents, in the following
manner .-
1. If the work 'has first appeared in the dominions of
his Majesty the King of Saxony, it must have been
registered in the register-book of the Company of Sta-
tioners in London.
2. If the work has first appeared in the dominions of
her Britannic Majesty, it must have been registered in
the register-book kept by the Royal Direction of the
Circle (die Bachtrolle) at Leipsig.
Nor shall any person be entitled to the protection
aforesaid, unless the laws and regulations of the re-
spective States shall have been duly observed in regard
to the work to be protected ; nor, in cases where there
are several copies of the work, unless one copy of the
best edition, or in the best state, shall have been det
livered gratuitously to the authorities appointed for tha
purpose by the laws of the respective countries.
A certified copy of the registration in the aforesaid
register-book of the Company of Stationers in London,
shall be valid in the British dominions as proof of the
exclusive right of publication, until a better right shall
be established by any other party before a court of jus-
tice ; and the certificate given under the laws of Saxony,
of the registration of any work in the:aforesaid register-
book at Leipsig, shall be equally valid in the dominions
of h sSetx on Majesty.
The plenipotentiaries of her Majesty the Queen of the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and of
his Majesty the King of Prussia, in virtue of their full
powers, accept the accession of his Majesty the King of
Saxony, promirng that the stipulations of the conven-
tion of the 13th of May, 1846, as well as the special
provisions which are conksined in the protocol of the
same date, and those whMi form the reservation above-
mentioned, shall be carried into execution by their re-
spective Sovereigns in all points, with regard to the
Saxon Government and its subjects, in the same manner
as between the British and Prussian Governments and
their subjects.
In witness whereof the respective plenipotentiaries
have signed the present aot, and have , ffi ed thereto the
seal of their arms.
Done at Berlin, the twenty-fourth day of August, in
the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and
forty-six. (Biped)
WxrrionLAND. r.LTOW. Dx Itisciwriz.
(L.S.) (LS.) (LS.)

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.
HOUSE OF LORDS, Feb. 8.
The'LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat upon the Wool-
sack at Five o'clock.
On the motion of the Earl of CLARENDON, the
Buck Wheat Impi:rtation cvtint through Committee.
The Marquis of LANSDOW.NE laid on the table the
report of the Factories' Inspectors.
LOANS TO IRELAND. _

Earl FITZWILLIAR moved for an account of all
the sums of money which had been advanced on loan by
the Imperial Treasury for public and other works in Ire-
land since the union, and how far the condition upon
which they were advanced had been complied with.
An erroneous impression existed that money lent to
Ireland was never repaid, and he was desirous et showing
their Lordship that none were more punctually repaid.
IRISH DISTRESS.
Lord BROUGHAM presented another petition from
Liverpool, complaining of the influx of Irish paupers
into that town. The Noble and Learned Lord, at the
same time, complained that a respectable morning print
had held him up to the world as a person to whom it was
quite immaterial whether the people were brought up
in the Protestant religion or not. Now, so far
from this being the case, the other evening he expressed
the greatest distrust against the Romish church,
though he entertained the highest respect for those
who conformed to it, and declared his entire confidence in
the Protestant faith. Indeed, none were more deeply
anxious that it should be extended than he was.
The Marquis of LANSDOWNE quite agreed with
that portion of the Noble and Learned Lord's statement
which had reference to Liverpool. lie trusted, however,
that the rem, dies which the Government had pro-
posed for the relief of Ireland would give an
additional stimulus to labour in Ireland ; and it
was by creating that employment, and providing funds
for its remuneration, that the poor of Ireland would cease
to be burdens upon the people of this country, in the
way complained of in the petition from Liverpool.
Lord BROUGHAM sincerely hoped that the measures
referred to by the Noble Marquis would have the effect
he had stated, but he was not so sanguine as to believe
that they would mitigate the distress in Ireland and pre-
vent the poor from immigrating to such places as Liver-
pool. A very large proportion of those unfortunate per-
sons thought that if they could only get over to Liverpool
and be supported without work that it wouldbe preferable
to a scanty 'subsistence purchased by their labour in
Ireland. He believed that a poor-law which would, in
periods of temporary distress, prevent myriads from
, coming over here to feed upon the people of this country,
was one of the best panaceas that could be devised.
Lord MONTEAGLE quite agreed with his Noble,
and Learned Friend, that it was their duty to devise
wise and just remedies for the present condition of the
people of Ireland ; but wherever there was a dispropor.
tion between the wages and condition of the people of
two countries, there would be a tendency to emigrate to
that country where they might get better wages. It was
a recognised principle all over the world—people, for
instance, left Spain to obtain better employment in
Lisbon; and people descended from the mountainous
parts of Italy to those parts where the wages
were higher and the condition of the people better.
God forbid that he should make use of these remarks
for the purpose of merely discouraging emigration, if
such a course could be deemed beneficial to the people.
But the question to be considered was how to prevent
emigration by improving the condition of the people of
Ireland. He thought that that measure was best
adapted for the wants of the people which would find the
labouring classes iniployment at home, and prevent them
from propagating pauperism in other parts of the United
Kingdom. At the same time, he held that one of the
greatest blessings of this country was the immigration
into it of the industrious Irish, where that immigration
was only intended to be temporary and not permanent.
What would England do during the period of harvest
were it not for the Irish labourers? But then came the
question of revenue, and he would venture to call
their attention to the fact, that that remedy would be
very limited in its result* which did not enhance the
price of wages in Ireland ; for they might rest assured
that when a higher social condition could be attained in
other places, the labouring classes would not atop at
home. He thought that the employment of a large
proportion of the Irish labourers might be given
in great and useful public works. He did not
mean such works as had been sanctioned last session,
but railways and the other works recommended to their
notice in a previous year. These would, in a great mea-
sure, remedy the evils at present existing, provided they
took care that they were not constructed for purposes of
private speculation. At the same time, he wished them
carefully to observe that they provided food for the
500,000 labourers at present employed during that
period which must intervene when transferring them
to other and more useful works. The real
question which the House and Parliament had
to consider was, not to forward the interests of any
speculative companies, but to forward the execution of
great and important works. Ile believed that some pro•
position of this kind, carefully considered, should
be agreed to, and applied to meet the transition
state which they had to pass through. It would be a
most serious matter to disband 500,000 men, an army
in everything but name, without some provision, such
as the one under consideration, for their employ-
ment.—(l-lear, hear.) He threw these observations
out for the consideration of their Lordships, and
rejoiced to say that the question had been
introduced into the other House of Parliament. Of the
latter proposition he would observe, that while the
principle of employing the people in this way was
most important, the application of it deserved
the greatest possible attention and consideration. He
had noticed with pleasure that the Government had
advanced a loan of 20,0001. to a railway company the
other day. In that they had shown a wise and just dis-
cretion, while they should take due care to distinguish
efficient from useless works of this kind. He believed
the transition state could not be passed through in any
other way with satisfaction.
Lord BROUGHAM explained that he had been mis-
understood in what he had stated about Irish emigrants.
He complained that a large portion of the people of
inuetotaniadtre,eth*.rpoowho
Lwquelivreet:thbeh gonfegears:danbydtoinprdthoutrittotarhohadaractlacrrere.erds
who came over to this country, he MUSS bear his testi-
mony
Lord MONTEAGLE gave testimony to the same
effect, and said that the emigration from the county
with which he was connected was more with the United
States tnan England. He had great pleasure in stating
that from information he had received from New York
old Irish emigrants in that country had, during the last
shouldand beLe aloornkededLupoordn
year, remitted to Ireland to their friends, for the purposes
Liverpoollbledaily
yaot
I.ooernognasisniedsa,el consider
calamity.
of emigration and charity no less a SUM than 160,0001.
Earl FITZWILLIAM could testify to the truth of
(Brougham).
what
what bad fallepnlacfreoamt
Ltihe
House of
represented the opinion that the proposition of his Noble
Friend, in the other Parliament (Lord G.
Bentinck), was a measure to fill the bellies of the Irish
If that were so, no remedy could be more in-
but it was not proposed for that pm,
applicable ;
but bad more extensive objects in view, and
was propose,
A in conjunction with other rem
meet the existing evils of Ireland.
' e-
wes also a great opportunity, and he
visernrnent,not to let the opportunity slip by
was
•glad to hear that 20,000 L were to be
them.advanced
in aid of the Waterford and Limerick
it would not do for merely an in-
dividual entreated great
but
Railway; be generous in the present crisis
to
English community must be generous, and
—the d U • -
dto assist Irelan . nless it did so their
step forward
might depend upon it Ireland would dew-
Lordships
ii crisis i
os
England could relieve Ireland,
Id sink England. They were now in a
that country won •
and he warned their Lordships to take
great crisis,
neglecting the opportunity it gave them,
ot
care, lest by
affdp pose,seieeon sphadafftd,
3,e) taken
gat ;;;:etgwgeadai
lovt
nehireen:tuhtoeaussdeaa
not do a mischief which could never be re-
they did
medied. reminded the Noble
riorate England. Unless
The Marquis of WESTMEATH
of
Irish
paupers Liverpool, that it was the duty of
the
paupers into d them back. Gvernment ought,
pa-
rish authorities to sen e
w of mitigating the present
however, with the vi e
and Learned Lord who complained of the influx
for regret before
lie thought they would have occasion
Besides, it
long if they did not take the subject up.
he eople
possible that food might not be found for t
.p
was
crisis, to encourage emigratio.n to the colonies.
the wishes of the
bent upon the Government to meet
emigrating-
people, and to afford them the means of
then agreed to,
The motion of Earl Fitzkilliam was
hing all the advances
during the next eight months; therefore it was incu
with this addition—" distinguis
works.'
and repayments since the establishment of the board of

IRISH ESTATES.
The Earl of MOLINTCASHEL moved for the pro-
duction of a return of the total amount of the sums
appearing to be due for debt, damages, and costs upon
all decrees, orders, and judgments in Ireland
, re-
docketed pursuant to the Act of 9 Geo. IV.,
c. 35, or registered pursuant to the 7th and Bth Viet.,
e. 90. and now appearing to be re-docketed or regis-
tered in the office for registering judgments in Ireland,
distinguishing those which are in debt from those which
are in case. He said the object of the return was to
ascertain the amount to which the land in Ireland was
liable, and which it was not too deeply involved to offer
sufficient security for the repayment of the loans to be
made by the Government.
10,450,000/.
into any He wanted not lo ply
individual's affairs ; all he desired was to
know what amount of charges was upon the
land. He had himself made a calculation
himself, and he found that the total rental of Ireland was
13,000,0001., the charges upon that rental amounted to
maligned people, some 3,000,000/. to send. If Government, therefore,
imposed some ten ore leven millions upon the land-
lordsand
andthe landlords had therefore only
they would only crush them, and. in so doing,
crush the country. He made these remarks in order to
of Ireland.
prove that the landlords of Ireland were a much
doubt; but like many
es" of the people of Ireland more than they did.
that no one considered the inter-
The LORD C HANCELLOR said that the Noble Lord
unattainable.----(Laughter.)
was undoubtedly anxious to obtain information
as to the amount of encumbrances on the estates
iint
Dluabbiojunr,eld,iwurreidnerr_egitshtis
Isd,,is,atklveaititoaig.
That Was a desirable object no
The
ehefract
wd east: rtahbaltetheobojffieccetsr,
ethethjautdgimt e'v'n'tass,
had no means of €.l. • ' •P
ascertaining whether any or all the
amount of s mortgage were paid off. True they had
got the amount of the judgment entered to a certain date,
but that would give no idea of the amount of charges
on the land. A Noble and Learned Lord (Lord
Brougham) had with himself informed the Noble Earl
on a former occasion that this was the case, but he ap-
peared to have treated their information with some dis-
respect. He (the Lord Chancellor) had therefore written
to the office in Dublin, and ho would read to the Noble

Earl the answer he had received:—" I beg to state for
your Lordship's information that those several sums for
which judgment have been obtained, appear in the books
of the office as originally m•,_,rked, but I have no materials
to enable me to ittccrtain whether or not, or what p.:,r-
tion of such sums have been paid; nor have I materials
to enable me to distinguish what mortgage is paid, or
what is not. I beg leave to acid, that this trifling return,
if commanded, will impede the business of the office.—l
have the honour to be," Sec.—Now, information was
good, but erroneous information was worse than no in-
formation at all. He thought, theref4re, that the Noble
Lord would see reason to withdraw his motion.
Lcrd MOUNTCASHEL was desirous of the infor-
mation being received, as it was most important to the
interests of those who had property in Ireland.
Lord MONTEAGLE hoped that the Noble Lord
would withdraw the motion, as it was impossible to get
the returns correctly made.
Lord MOUNTCASHEL, in deference to the feeling
of the House, withdrew the motion.
THE CHELSEA PENSIONERS' BILL.

This Bill was read a third time and passed.
POOR REMOVAL BILL

The LORD aFIANe'ELLOR, in the absence of Lord
Portman, gave notice for that Noble Lord that he would
on Thursday next present a petition from Blandford
against the provisions of the Poor Removal Bill.
The House then adjourned, at half-past six.

ROUSE OF COMMONS, Feb. 8.
The SPEAKER took the Chair at Four o'clock.
SECOND READINGS.
The follovking Bills were read a. second time, and
ordered to be committed:—

Aberdeen Railway (Brychin Branch Deviation).
Aberdeen and Great North of Scotland Railways (Amal-

garnation or Leasing).
Arbroath and Forfar and Scottish Midland Junction

Railways Connecting Railway.
Buckingham and Brackley Junction Railway, and Ox-
ford and Bletchley Junction Railway Companies
Amalgamation and Extension of Lines.
Caledonian and Glasgow, Paisley, and Greenock Rail-

ways Amalgamation.
Caledonian Railway (Lease or Purchase of the Glasgow,
Barrhead, and bleilston Direct, and the Glasgow
Southern Terminal Railways).
Clarence Railway and Leeds and Thirak Railway Amal-
gamation.
Eastern Union Railway (Branch from Manningtres to
Harwich).
Exeter, Yeovil, and Dorchester Railway and Branches.
Fleetwood, Preston, and West Riding Junotion Railway
(Burnley and Colliery Branches).
Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle Railway, and Glasgow,
Paisley, Kilmarnock, and Ayr Railway (No. 1).
Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr Railway (No. 5).
Glasgow, Paisley, and Greenock Rail way (Amendment
and Branches to the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock,
and Ayr, the Glasgow, Barrhead and Neilston, and
Glasgow, Strathaven, and Lesmahagow Railways, and
to Haugh Pits).
Gloucester and Dean Forest Railway (Construction of
Docks).
Huddersfield and Manchester Railway (Deviation and
. Alterations in Oldham Branch, &c.)
Huddersfield and Manchester Railway and Canal
(Branch from Oldham to Aston and Guido Bridge).
Ipswich and Bury St. Edmund's Railway (No. 2) (Ex-
tension from Bury St. Edmund's to Newmarket and
Ely).
Leeds, Dewsbury, and Manchester Railway (Extension
to Wakefield, and Junction at Methley With the Wake-
field, Pontefract, and Goole, and the York and North
Midland Railway).
Liverpool, Crosby, and Southport Railway and Branch.
London and North-Western Railway (Lease and Pur-
chase of the Huddersfield and Manchester Railway
and Canal, and the Leeds, Dewsbury, and Manches-
__

ter Railway).
Manchester and Leeds Railway (Alteration of Levels of
Brighouse Branch of the West Riding Union Rail•
way and New Line into Leeds).
Manchester and Leeds Railway (Branches, Extensions,
Deviations, Alterations of Levels, and other Works).
Manchester and Leeds Railway (Branch from the Had.
dersfield and Sheffield Junction Railway to Barnsley,

and Extension of Holmfirth Branch). -
Midland Railway (Syston and Peterborough Railway,
Deviations, and Approach to Manton Station).
Midland Railway (Extension from near Leicester, vita
Bedford, to Hitchin, and to Northampton and Hunt-

ingdon, and Enlargement of the Leicester Station).
Midland Railway (Leicester and Swannington Railway,
Widening, Deviations, and Branches, Enlargement of
Leicester Station, and extending powers as to Ibstock
Branch).
South-Eastern Railway (Widening of the Greenwich
Railway, and Arrangement and Enlargement of the
London-bridge Station).
South-Eastern Railway (London-bridge Station Arrange-
ment and Enlargement).
Southampton and Dorchester Railway (New Forest De-
viation and Branches).
West Cornwall Railway (Branches to St. Ives and Nor-
wayman's Wharf, and Construction and Enlargement
of Quays at Hayle).
Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth Railway (No. 2).
PETITIONS.

Mr. BODKIN presented a petition from the Corpora.
Lion of Rochester against one of the South-Eastern Rail-
way Company's projects.
Sir R. H. INGLIS presented several petitions in fa-
vour of a ten hours' Bill.
Colonel WOOD and Sir J. TROLLOPS presented se-
'feral petitions against the Poor Removal Bill.
Mr. POWER presented several petitions against the
importation of spirits into Ireland free of duty.
The Marquis of DOURO presented a petition from
Norwich, praying the House to establish a national fund
for the support of the poor.
Mr. THORNELY presented a petition from Wolver-
hampton praying for the abolition of the import duty on
copper ore.
Mr. FERRAND presented several petitions in favour
of a ten hours' Bill.
Mr. EDWARD BULLER presented a petition against
the Poor Removal Bill.

Lord BANDON presented petitions from Liverpoo%
praying fur the abolition of the duty on tea and the inn•
port duty on oopper ore.
Lord BROOKE presented a petition in favour of a
ten hours' Bill.
Mr. 8. CRAWFORD presented a petition from
Bolton in favour of a ten hours' Bill.
Mr. BANIEEB and Mr. 0. STANLEY presented several
petitions against the Poor Removal Bill.
Lord FIOTHAM presented a petition from the East
Riding of Yorkshire, complaining of the operation of
this Act, which was passed last session.
NEW ZEALAND COMPANY.

Mr. HAWES presented a petition from settlers in
Nelson, New Sourh Wales, complaining that the New
Zealand Company bad not fulfilled the representations
which they made on their emigrating ; that they had
not expended the money which they had engaged to do,
and praying the House to endow them with legislative
power in order that they might be enabled to sue the
agent of the company.
IRISH POOR-RATES.

Mr. S. CRAWFORD gave notice that, on Thursday
next, he should move for leave to introduce a Bill for
the purpose of faeilitating the payment of the poor-rates
in Ireland.
EXPENDITURE OF PUBLIC MONEY WITHOUT
PASSING THROUGH THE EXCHEQUER.
Dr. BOWRING gave notice that to-morrow he
should propose a series of resolutions for the adoption
of the House, to prevent the expenditure of any of the
public money without its passing through the Exchequer.
It appeared by the statements which he read, that
7,000,0001. sterling were annually expended by different
departments of the Government, without passing through
the Exchequer, and without Parliamentary control.
TREATY OF VIENNA.

Mr. M. MILNES gave notice that he should move
an humble address to her Majesty, praying that she
would order to be laid on the table of the House copies
of the correspondence which passed between the late
Marquis of Londonderry and the late Emperor of
Russia, and other papers and correspondence referring
to the treaty of Vienna, and the provisions which se-
cured the independence of Cracow.
OUT DOOR RELIEF TO PAUPERS.

An HoN. MEMBER, whose name we were unable to
ascertain, presented a petition from the poor-law
guardians of Calder (as we understood), against the
sanctioning oat-door relief to paupers.
EMIGRATION.
Lord CLEMENTS presented a petition from the
county of Leitrim, signed by 517 persons, farmers, and
persons belonging to the labouring classes, praying to
be assisted in some scheme of emigration.
THE NAVAL SERVICE.—POST-CAPTAINS.
Sir C. NAPIER said that, see;ng the Secretary for
the Admiralty in his place, he begged leave to put the
question of which he had given notice on Friday
last. It would be remembered that during the
last session the House had granted 30,0001. for the re-
tirements from the naval service. It had been agreed,
at the same time, that the list of admirals should never
exceed 150, or the captains' list 500. He wished to
know from the Hon. Member what steps had been
taken to carry this resolution into Effect?
Mr. WARD said, tha4 the list had been reduced in
the proportion of one captain for every three decks.
He could assure his Hon. and Gallant Friend that since
the general brevet only one post-captain had been made
—that was Captain Denham, who had been promoted for
distinguished services, and also in order to fulfil a pro-
miss made by the late Government. One hundred and
eighty captains had retired within the last three years,
e
and the list now stood at 569, instead of 730, as h.e.for
the reduction.
Sir CHARLES NAPIER said it appeared that they
had begun their reforms by the reduction of one captain
for every three decks.
AGRICULTURAL SCHOOonLS.
favour of
Mr. WILLIAMS presented a petiti in
agricultural schools.
COERCION OF VOTERS.
Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN asked the Noble L:wradraetththaet
he he was
head of the Government
wehretlinr landed proprietors of
coercion had been used
Galway in favour of thbeyGcovernment candidate? He
was sure the Noble Lord would have no difficulty in
answering the question.
Lord JOHN RUSSEtLLi
disbelieved the statement
on had ever been coerced in
that the tenantry in q
favour of the Government candidate.
Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN then gave notice that he
would make a motion on an early day for further in-
quiry.

THE RUNDALE SYSTEM.
Lord CLEMENTS wished to know from the Noble
Lord at the head of the Government whetherle had
any intention of introducing a measure to put an end to
the Rundale or joint-tenant system in Ireland?
Lord JOAN RUSSELL replied that a measure was
in contemplation in relation to landlords and teaante,

but he could not say that there was any intention at
present of altering the RuFdale sv stern.

HOLYHEAD HARBOUR.
Mr. J. E. COLLLI gave n,tice of his intertion
of *tkillg th Govenment to-morrow nigl,t o que:,ticn

respeetiig the improvement of Holyhead h:i.rb;:ur a 1.4
packet station.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT.
Lord J. RUSSELL gave notice that upon this day
fortnight he would make a financial statement to the

ll,Jtie in the Committee of Ways and Means.
QUEEN'S LETTER.
Sir R. H. INGLIS wished to know through what
channel it was intended to distribute the month- col-
lected under the authority of the Queen's Letter?

Sir G. GREY said that it was the intention of .tht

Government to place the funds so collected at the dis-
posal of the committee of the British Association for
the Belief of Extreme Distress in the Highlands of Svot-
land and in Ireland. The committee of that association

consisted of persons of the highest character, and he
thought that their mode of distributing the funds placed
at their disposal was of the most superior nature.
RAILWAYS IN IRELAND.
Mr. B. OSBORNE wished to know what amount of
money had been granted to the Limerick and Waterford
Railway Company.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said
no grant had at present been made to that company.
The Government were prepared to advance money for
the execution of the earth work upon Irish railways

on the security of the baronies. The company referred
to by the Hon. Atembur had not yet completed their
errangements ►vith all their baronies, or the grant would

have been made.

POOR RELIEF (IRELAND) BILL.
On the order of the day for going into Committee on
this Bill being read,
Mr. O'CONNELL (the opening part of whose
speech was perfectly inaudible) said, that with re-
f.-ence to the Labour-rate Act, which had been passed

in the last session of Parliament, a considerable a-mouss

of unjust obloquy had been thrown upon it. He thought
that there were few measures propounded for the relict
of Ireland equal to that measure. The Labour-rate
Bill had been of much use, especially in the western
parts of Ireland. and works had been performed under
it of a really useful nature. In other parts of Ireland,
he believed, it had not operated in so beneficial a man-
ner. With respect to another Bill for the temporary
extension of the poor-law, although he opposed it on
principle, he should moat certainly give it his
support. He fres ready to give his support to
any measure calculated to give an additional
meal to the people of Ireland. A. third Bill for the im-
mediate relief of the people of Ireland, he though a most
unfortunate one. lie was afraid the House was not suf
ficiently aware of the extent of the distress in Ireland,
or sufficiently impressed with the horrors which the pee
ple endured. He would boldly state, that '25 per cent.
of the people were perishing through destitution.
He called up en the House, therefore, to act as the ge-
nerosity of a great nation required. The responsibility
of 25 per cent. of the people rested upon the Govern-
ment. In one single village twenty two coroners' in-
quests had been held upon the bodies of people who hail
died of starvation, and that number was daily increasine.
The usual result of famine was pestilence, and had there
followed in its train. Typhus fever was already ravaging
the country; and out of the number of its victims not
more than one in ten survived. It was fast spreading
through the country, it would soon reach the higher
classes, and no human being in Ireland could pos-
sibly, in a short time, escape its effects ;
two millions of human beings would perish
of the House did not come forward to relieve them.
It might be said, why did the landlords of Ireland
not relieve them? He would tell the House, tha;
many of them had nobly done their duty, and
there were numerous others who had the will,
but not the means of doing so. It
was urgently necessary, therefore, for the House
to act liberally. towards Ireland. The people were
starving and perishing in ahoitle, in hundreds, thousands,
nay, even millions. He assured the House he lees not
exaggerating the eel Ho hoped, therefore, that the
House would endeavour promptly and efficiently
to meet the case, and stave off the evils
of the suffering millions of Ireland. If his
plan were adopted, and an unlimited and dictato-
rial power given to Government to disburse such stuns
as may be necessary, subject and responsible to the
House, there might be some prospect of staying the pro-
gress of the famine. But they must not be fettered by
strict law, and the House must, generously confide in the
Government. He would also suggest the propriety of
appointing domestic commissioners by a special Act for
that purpose, whose duty would be to make out returns
specifying the name, income, fee., of every landlord,
with a fair and equitable system of taxation on the
property of the country. It was not an unusual thing
to have taxation in Ireland without representation, for
the grand jury cess was an instance to the contrary. lie
had to bear his testimony to the extraordinary patience
and unexampled resignation with which the Irish people
were bearing their afflictions, but there must
be an end to that ; and if measures be not
taken soon to give them adequate relief, they would
break out into madness and despair. It was not pos-
sible to levy rates at the present time. Much had been
said about loans to Ireland, and he begged to
observe that after what had transpired, he thought
there would be no more reference to that subject.
They ought to use their powers now graciously am'
magnificently to rescue the country. It might be asked,
could the Irish do nothing for themselves ? They could
do nothing—little at least—and that only could be done
by the landlords of particular districts. Let the House
remember the number of estates that were in Chancery,
and the number of estates that belonged to persons in
that country. He solemnly protested his serious con
viction, that one-fourth of the people of Ireland would
perish unless they rescued them.
Sir B. HALL said that he was glad to hear that the
Hon. Member who had last spoken concurred in the
measures to be adopted by the House, but he thought
that before he asked for large grants for Ireland he ought
to oonsider the existence of distress in this country.
In St. Panora' alone, on Tuesday last, out of a popula-
tion of 130,000, 8,000 received out-door relief, and
2,000 in-door relief" The deaths also in the
bills of mortality had very much increased
He could not refrain from saying a few words, but
he did not wish to say anything that would
be offensive to the Irish landlords ; but when
they came down to that House and said that the country
was in a state of misery and destitution, and that death
and starvation were stalking through the land, and that
moreover the whole of the responsibility for this state of
things was laid on this country, he could not forbear to
inquire how the landlords of Ireland had discharged their
own responsibility. He believed thatlreland was not with-
out its resources. When he looked at the reports of Mr.
Otway, the Poor-law Commissioner, and he believed
that the reports of that gentleman were universally
accredited as of authority, he found that the main cause
of the present distress in Ireland was owing to the non-
collection of the poor-rates, and if the Irish landlords
had seen this calamity approaching, and had taken no
measures to prevent it, on them lay the responsibility of
the present crisis. In the union of Ballina a rate for
12,0001. had been levied, and on the 4th January there
were only 304 inmates in the workhouse, and yet so little
of the poor-rate had been collected that the gifardian.
bad come to a resolution that, unless money were sup-
plied, or else borrowed on the security of the rate, they
would be under the necessity of shutting np the house.
The Hon. Gentleman then went on to read several extracts
from Mr. Otway's reports, showing the state of the unions
of Ballina, Ballinasloe, and Castlebar, showing that there
was great destitution, and that the poor-rates could not
be collected. What would be said if any gentleman in
the principality of Wales were to pass out of his park
walls, and he saw immediately without them his
tenants and cottagers living in hovels, while he
knew that he had not paid his poor-rates 2—why
he would be scouted by every one of respectability.
In the case of the Castlebar union, they would find that
persons of large property and great influence were re-
fusing to pay their poor-rates. Well, what he said
was this, that the time had come when those gen-
tlemen ought to be made to contribute their portion
to the relief of the poor.—(Cries of " Hear, hear.")
He would take the liberty to allude to one other case—
that of Skibbereen. If any gentleman would read the
larger blue book he would find that the property round
about that poorest and most wretched of the districts of
Ireland—Skibbereen—amounted to no less than 93,0001.
Sir Randolph Routh states that the property in the im-
mediate district of Skibbereen amounted to 50,0001.,
and at the conclusion of his remit he makes
this singular remark, which he would like to hear
answered by some of the Irish Members :
S‘ With such property as this—with such resources
as these—ought such destitution...to exist?" It was no
use, with such facts before their eyes, to come to that
House and tell them that the landlords of Ireland were not
reprehensible. He was pleased to hear what had fallen from
the Hon. and Learned Member, particularly so, as there
was a meeting held of the Irish party at Old
Palace-yard, where Lord Monteagle presided.
That Noble Lord moved a resolution condemning
the clause in the Irish Destitute Relief Bill which
gave a .discretionary power to give temporary
relief at the expense of the union. Now, he should like
to know at whose expense relief should be given?
They should pass a law by which they would
compel the Irish landlords to do their duty.
By a resolution which he held in his hand he perceived
that the Irish landlords had no objection to the
distribution of out-door relief. That plan rather
met the approbation of the Irish. No doubt
it did ; but the landlords did not appear in
many respects to approve of a permanent Poor-
law Bill. That was what the House wished them to ap-
prove of, and what the House must make them approve
of. He thought it was pitiable and bad enough to see
the aged and infirm seeking relief, but how much more
wretched and pitiable was it to see able bodied persons
coming for relief ? One of the greatest benefits of their
legislation that session would be, if they were to pass
some law cempelling the Irish proprietors to provide
for the able-bodied poor, and to give them maintenance ;
for if they found that they were compelled to do so, they
would give the poor work to save themselves. He found
a curious statement made by an Hon. Member for a
Scotch district. That Honourable Member had told,
him, that in the part of the district which he re-
presented there were, two. or three . er.esks ego,
230 persons receiving relief ; and that of that number
there were only six Scotch, all the rest being Irish.
It was very easy for Hoe. Members to demand from the
country support and maintenance for the Irish people,
but it was unfair and unjust for the landlords to turn
the people away and not maintain them.—(He
hear.) He should be very sorry, if in the
course of his observations, he had stated any
anything at all offensive to the Irish Members, but he
felt it his duty, repn-serting one of the largest conssitu-
encies in the empire, to state not only his own feelings,
but their opinions also.