The Sun.
London, England, 1841-06-30 00:00:00

witl now distniss the question of the duty on foreign sugar.

an the course of the last session of Parli-ncent a proposal was
made to reduce the duty, and then to allow the introduction of
foreign sugar into the markets of this country. I offered to
that proposal my opposition, and upon these grounds :—I did
not oppose it on the ground that it was unwise to remove,
where you can, restrictions on commerce. But 1 considered
the article of sugar exempt from the application of the prin-
ciples of free trade. Mr. Knight has declared his abhorrence
of the iniquitous traffic in human blood, and said the country
acquired great glory by making an enormous sacrifice for the
suppression of slavery. In those sentiments I concur, and
after having made this enormous sacrifice, ought we to run
the risk of impairing the good we have done, and lessening the
character we enjoy, by letting into the markets of this coun-
try sugar the produee of slave labour? Mr. Knight justly
said, that you must not exclude altogether the produce of slave
labour. Be says thA cotton, coffee, and tobacco are the pro-
duce of slave labour, arid that we take all those articles, and
therefore we cannot maintain the principle that the produce
only of free labour shall be admitted. That obse,rvasicn is just.
You cannot, without endangering our manufacturing pros-
perity, reject the cotton of the United States. But there is
a peculiar distinction between sugar and the other articles
to which I have referred. Foreign sugar never has been ad-
mitted into the consumption of this country, and the question
is, whether or not there will be a sufficient supply of sugar
horn our own dependencies and the produce of free labour to
oive you that article, which I admit to be almost a necessary
of life, and which shall enable the working class); to obtain it
in sufficient abundance.—( Hear, hear.) That is the question.
Of all articles of colonial produce, the cultivation of sugar is by
far the most unwholesome ; and the labour on the sugar-cane
is the mot severe. lam only inspiring whether there is that
pressure of necessity, which should induce us row, after the
language we have held with respect to slavery and the slave-
trade, which would justify us in encouraging that system and
that traffic, by admits ng, for the first time, foreign sugar into
the consumption. of this country."-.4llear, hear, hear.)
Sir Robert Peel here went into a variety of statistic details re-
specting the nature and extent ofthe sugar trade. "I come now
to a still more important article, the article of coon.—(Hear.)
I cannot consent to substitute a fixed duty of Ss. per quarter
for the-present ascending and descending. scale.---(Cheers.) I
prefer the principle of the ascending and descending scale, and
I do not consider, when I lank to the burdens which land in
this country is subjected to, that a, fitx,etdo
the li,d
dutyofe: f
. thisper coun-
try..) quar-
ter on corn brought here from Poland, and the north of Eu-
rope,try._ s(viiiileaarff,orhdesars3fficTiehne duty of Ss. per quartert protest
is proposed
at a fixed and invariable duty. Now I foresee, that if you apply
that duty, this will be the consequence—yoU will have an abund-
ar.ce of foreign corn introduced just at the time you do not
want it, when your own produce is most plentiful. But when
a time of scarcity arrives—when corn is at a f mine price, then
it
wile be
my hand a sasibleforyou to levy the duty of Ss. per quarter.
pamphlet written in favour of this proposed
alteration of the existing Cern-law, by one of the most able
and most intelligent a..tvocates for a fixed duty. It is written
byMr. NPCulloch, the author of the Dictionary of Commerce.
'I he object of the pamphlet is to prove the advantage of the
substituinn of a fixed duty on corn;
writing fairly and impartially, and not but Mr. MeCulloch,
lending his aid to the
dissemination of those gross delusions by which, in inanufac-

(Hear, hear.) I should be acting a most ungrateful and un-
natural part if I were not animated by such a sentiment.
Ido not deny the distress—l feel the greatest regret at it. ;
but lem not so despondent as some are on the subject.
Now, let us consider the Important question haw far the di,-
tress of the mdirufacturin and commercial interests can be at-
tributed to the operation of the Corn-laws." The Right lion.
Baronet here entered into several details to show that the pre-
sent Corn-laws were not the cause of the present commercial
distress.] " I said before that Ido not deny the existence of
distress, leut I do hope that. the pressure is temporary. Ido
hope that the great vital principle of our manufacturing pros-
perity is nut affected.—( Hear, hear.) I do-sec causes in differ-
ent parts of the world's-causes operating in thisLecuntry_
Zell), there should be severe manufacturing and commercial dis-
tress—causes quite independent of the operation of the Corn-
laws. I very much fear that there has been, particularly in the
north ef England, an undue etimules given to manufactured
productions by capioal of a fictitious nature. Ido fear that the
Joint-Stock Barks in Lancashire and Yorkshire have extended
their accommodations too rapidly in many cases, and it is the
connexion between the manufacturer, the builder of cotton
manufactories, and the Joint-Stock banker, that has
led to an un.-'ue stimulus for manufactured productions.
Now let us turn our aetention to the northern world, and in
that great and important quarter cf the globe, one of the best
consumers of our manufactured produce, let us direct our eyes
to the United State., a country. with which I trust we shall
long continue to maintain the 'Tiflis-rate relations of peaceful
and friendly intercourse.—(Hear, hem) I do hope that
neither this country nor the United States will be mad enough
to allow a difference about a boundary to s, t them in a hostile
position towards each other. The United States are libourieg
under severe commercial distress. The same system of the iti-
OM credit has been pursued there es here. The issue of paper
and the multiplicity of banks have led to severe commercial
distress in that country. Numerous failures have occurred, in-
dustry has been paralysed, and the demand for-the manufactured
articles of England in the United States has, in consequence,
become less. —( Hear.) Next, look at the state of the Canadas.
I trust that peace is restored there; but there could not be
civil war in that country, and parties ranged against each
other, without interrupting the course of regular industry,
and affecting the demand for the manufactures of England.
—( Hear, hear.) I now come to Europe. Look at the Penin-
sula—look at the state of Spain and Portugal. They, too,
have been convulsed of late by intestine disorders.
Parties have been ranged there in civil conflict, and it is im-
possible that such a state of things can exist in different coun-
tries, without the demand for our manufactures being in some
degree thereby affected. Let us next turn our eyes to the Ale.
diterranean, and to the coast of Syria. There hostile opera-
tions have been conducted with great glory to the British arms,
but still they must have affected the peaceful occupations of in-
dustry. With regard to Egypt, the attention of that coun-
try, too, had been diverted to war. Let us extend our views
to China Our peaceful relations with China have been in-
terrupted, and of course the demand for British manufaCtures
is some degree affected. Look at the state of Europe.
Instead of the countries devoting their means to the multipli-
cation of capital or the purposes of useful industry, all have
been seen engaged in levying great_ armies. These things
cannot take piece without discouraging industry.—( Hoar,
hear.) Put them altogether; do not consider them separately.
Is it not probable that the combined operation of these causes
may be sufficient to account for that manufacturing debi-
lity, and that depreciation of manufacturing industry,
which at present exists?—( Hear, hear.)—and we are therefore,
' call d on to make the proposed alteration in the Corn-laws of
this country, and to substitute a fixed duty for the graduated
scale ?—( Hear, hear.) It is by a careful consideration of
those causes that I have come to the •conclusion that
we are not so called on. Now, I hope I have re-
deemed my promise, and stated to you respectfully and
fully the grounds on which I leave come to my con-
clusion with respect both to the duties on sugar and the duties
on coin. It i 3 mainly/in consequence of these proposals that
her Alsjesty's Government haze appealed to the people of this
country. The numbers of their supporters have bees gra-
dually tailing away, and they have been unable to give effect
to treasures which they thought essential for the interests of
the country. It was unadvisable, in my opinion, that this Go-
vernment should continue in power, net possessing the confi-
dence of the House of Commons. I came forward and submit-
ted that question to the test in the House of Commons, and the
House of Commons, by a small majority no doubt, but still by
a majority of one;declared that the Govern-neat had not its
confidence. It is now for the people of this country to de-
termine whether they concur in opinion with the majority
of the last Parliament, and whether they ' will give needle
members of the present Administration that confidence
which was withheld from it by the House of Commons.
Now, give me leave to tell yoe the reason why I think the pro-
posal of these measures with regard to sugar and corn hare
not served to conciliate respect for the Government which
brought them forward. Ido believe that there is throughout
the country a very strong impression that those measures were
, not proposed by the Government on a deliberate convict7on of
their own merits, but that they were somewhat suddenly re-
sorted to, in consequence of political emergencies, for the pur-
pose of conciliating public favour.—(Cheers.) I said this in
the House of Commons, and I was then assured by Lord J.
Russell that such was not the case; and I maid at once, when
I received that assurance from a gentleman of such high autho-
rity and station, that I was bound to place confidence in it.
Still, I could not help feeling that the circumstances were
somewhat unfortunate, and were calculated to countenance the
delusion, that they were brought forward upon a sudden, and
as a set-off for political difficulties.—(Loud applause.) It ap-
pears that this is not the case; that the measures. were ma-
turely considered. Then I say, it is most unfortunate that
some notice was net given at an early period of the Session,
' even when the Queen delivered the speech from the Throne,
that such important questions would be brought under the
consideration of Parliament."—( Applause.) After a variety
of other remarks of no great public interest, the Right Hon.
Baronet concluded amidst cheers.
I A show of hands was then taken, and was in favour of Sir
R. Peel and Captain A'Coutt.

--- ---
FROM LAST NIGHT'S GAZETTE.

At the Cont. at Buckingham Palace, the 28th thy of June,
1841, Present, the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty in Coun-
cil. This day the Right Honourable Fox Maule was, by her
Majesty's command, sworn of her Majesty's Most Honourable
Priry Council, and took his place at the Board accordinffly
•
Her Majesty in Council was this day pleased to appoint the
Right Hon. Fox Maule, President of the Committee of Coun-
cil appointed for the consideration of all matters relating to
Trade and Foreign Plantations, in the absence of the President
of Committee for the time being.

T BOARD OF' GREEN'CLOTHrItAtt-M, 1841.
-The' Queen has been pleased to appoint the Right Hon. G.
S. Byng, Treasurer of her Majesty's Household, vice the Welt
Hon. the Earl of Surrey, resigned. • '

• BOARD OF GREEN -CLOTH.- JUNE 23.
The Queen has been pleased to appoint the Right Hon.
Lord Arthur Marcus Coil Hill, Comptroller of her Majesty's
Household, vice the Right Hon. George Stevens Byng, pro-
moted.
DOWNING.STREET, Juxe 26.
'The Queen has been pleased to appoint James Cochrane,
Esq., to be Judge of the Supreme Court of Gibraltar.

WAR-OFFICE, JUNE 29.
Tier Majesty has been graciously pleased to apprare of the
Wiltshire Militia being styled, " The Royal Wiltshire Regi-
ment of Militia."

OFFICE OF ORDNANCE, Juxr. 28.
Royal Regiment of Artillery—Second Lieutenant C. F.
Thorndike to be First Lieutenant, vice Wade. cashiered, April
14 ; Second Lieutenant H. Rogers to be First Lieutenant,
vice Alston, deceased, April 29 ; Second Captain H. G. Ord
to be Captain, vice Slade, deceased; First Lieutenant A. H.
Frazer to be Second Captain, vice Ord; Second Lieute-
nant J. Turner to be First Lieutenant, vice Frazer, May 7;
Second Lieutenant A. C. L. Fitz-Roy to be First Lieutenant,
vice Tytler, deceased, May 14; Second Captain R. L. Gar-
stin to be Cap• ain, vice Heron, deceased ; First Lieut. E. C.
Warde to be Second Captain, vice Garstin ; Second Lieut. E.
H. Fisher, to be First Lieutenant, vice Warde, June 5.
111 E.:AWL ANDUM. —The date of commission of First Lieute-
nant M. C. Dixon is altered to the 1 Ith Apri', 1841.
_ _ _

h Steward of the

_
Commission by the Lord Lieutenant and Higt
Stewartry of Kirkcudbright.
The Right. Honcurabte Adam Lord Viscount Kunmure
to be I), puty Lieutenant ; Wiliam Stewart, jun., Esq., to
be ditto ; Robert Kirkpatrick Howatt, Esq.. to be ditto ;
J. Sinclair, Esq. to be ditto ; M. S. Stewart, Esq. to be ditto ;
R. Hannay, Esq. to be ditto ; W. Ireland, Esq.
nob be ditto
W. Y. Berries, Esq. to be ditto ; Ire
z ju. q. to be
ditto, May 24.
Commissionsby the Lord Lieutenant of the County of Somerset.
West Somerset Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry—J. C. Ord,
to be Captain ; P. Honcywood, Gent., to be Lieutenant.
North Somerset Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry—F. Ness,
Gent., to be Cornet.

DECLARATION OF INSOLVENCY.
JAMES PEARCH, builder, West Mailing, Kent.
BANKRUPTCY ENLARGED.
JOHN HUTCHINSON, machine-maker, Halifax, from
July 13 to August 9, at twelve, at the White Sean Inn, Hud-
dersfield.

BANKRUPTCY ANNULLED.
JAMES TIDMARSI BAI,
NKRUPTS mercer, Cheltenham.
.

THOMAS COLLINSON, boat-builder, Wakefield, to sur-
render July 10, at twelve, and Aug. 10, at ten, at the Corn-
mi.sioners -rooms, Leeds. Adlington, Gregory, Faulkner, and
Follett, Bedford-row, London ; Wilby, Wakefield.
ISAAC FELLMAN, brewer, Fore-street, Limehou,e, July
9, at half-past twelve, and Aug. 10, at twelve, et the Court
of Bankruptcy. Cannan, official assignee, Finsbury-square :
Alarson and Dadley, Church-row, Newington-butts.
WILLIAM COOPER BENNETT, omnibus proprietor,
Whitechapel-road, July 6, at half-past one, and August 10, at
eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, 13asinghall-
street, official assignee ; Winter, Williams, and Williams, 13ed-
ford-rovr.
RICHARD BURFORD CULYER, currier, Clifton-
street, Finsbury, July 9, at two, and Aug,. 10, at elevai, at
the Court of Bankruptcy. Alsager, Birchin-lane, official
assignee ; Ashley, Shorediteh.
ILTID EVANS, ironmonger, Bridgend, Glamorgan, July
17, and Aug. 10, at eleven, at the Cardiff Arms Inn, Cardiff.
Lake and Waldron, Basinghall-street, London ; Harg:eaves;
Neath.
CHARLES BUTT, merchant, Somerton, Somerse4hire,

ALEXANDER LEVI NEWTON, merchant, Bury-street,
St. Mary Axe, London, Jnly 16, and August 10, at twelve, at
the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell, official assignee; Jacobs,
Crosliv-square. Bisho:,sgate-street.
LUKE PALFItEY►IAN; scrivener, Sheffi Id, July 9, and
Aug. 10, at t,velv,•, at the Town Hall, Sheffield. Tattershall,
Great St. James's-street, Bedford-row, London; Smith, or
Mole and Marples, Sheffield.
CHARLES LOWE, builder, Liverpool, July 12, and
August 10, at twelve, at the Clarendon-roomi, Liverpool.
Toylor, Sharpe, Field, and Jackson, Bedford-mw, London;
Harvey and Falcon, Liverpool.
GEORGE NOBLE, ship-builder, Bi4dick, Durham, Jely
5, at one, and Aug. 10, at twelve, at the Bridge Hotel, Sunder-
land. Hodgson, Bread-street-buildings, London ;
underland.
GEORGE KNIGIIT, linen-draper, Gloucester, July 15,
and Aug. 10, at eleven, at the office of Mr. J. Lovegrove,
Gloucester. Nicholls and Son, Lincoln's Inn, London ; Love-
grove, Gloucester.