The Sun.
London, England, 1840-09-29 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1840.

bear the Government, and carry an object they had
at heart ; they could not carry the repeal of the
Corn-laws, because they did not desire it. The
Reform Act, then, has been a failure, because the
constituencies, like the 1,100 Liverymen of Lon-
don, and the supporters of Sir JAMES FORREST
at Edinburgh, are not sufficiently intelligent, nor
sufficiently high principled. When the constitu-
encies have acquired political knowledge, and have
become politically honest and just, the Reform Act
will cease to be a failure.

" The city population of England," says Mr.
FA RR, in that Letter to the Registrar-General
which we yesterday referred to, "is greater than
that of any other country of Europe, and it in-
creases more rapidly than the population of the
rural districts." Hence inquiries " into the mode
of preserving health in cities become of vast im- '
portance here, and hence the alarm which the as-
sertion of the greater mortality of cities is calculated
to excite, for the happiness both of the present and
of future generations. Hence, too, the vast im-
portance of a question put by Mr. FA R R, and which
ingenious and benevolent men seem now bent on
answering practically in almost every town in the
kingdom, " Is the excessive mortality of cities inevi-
table ?" He has answered it himself, to a great ex-
tent, and our present purpose is rather to quote his
observations than offer any of our own.
We may remark, however, that the 44 excessive
mortality" is not the consequence of mere numbers,
for the inhabitants of the western parts of London,
or of Hackney, are as healthy as the inhabitants
of the rural districts. In fact, the relative mor-
tality, about which the comparison is instituted,
seems to us to refer more to the poor and the rich
than to the inhabitants of towns and of the coun-
try. It is a singularity in our society that the
opulent retire into the country, and the poor crowd
into the towns. The improvements made in agri-
culture have a tendency to diminish the number of
hands employed in it, and therefore we infer that
the increase of population in the rural districts is
chiefly amongst the opulent, or, at least, the corn-
fortable classes, and not amongst the labouring
classes. The very reverse is the case of cities.
The increase in the number of their population,
more particularly in the manufacturing districts, is
chiefly of the labouring classes. No sooner does
a man acquire opulence than he hurries away from
the crowded exchange. He does not wait till he
has acquired a large fortune before he retires to a
suburban villa. He leaves the alley where his
counting-house, or the court where his factory, may
be, and leaves the crowded neighbourhood in
which his work people are, and rolls off in an om-
nibus, or gallops off on his horse, or is swiftly
borne by the railway carriage some miles away
from the crowded spot. Thus, in the closely-
peopled parts of all our cities, the increase of po-
pulation is chiefly of the working and lower classes,
from whom the opulent and upper classes are
entirely separated, while in the rural districts
the increase of population is chiefly of the
opulent and comfortable classes, and the comparison
therefore instituted between the mortality of cities
and rural districts, is in a great measure a compari-
son between the mortality of the poor and the rich.
Bearing this fact in mind, that we may not too
much despond for our posterity, and that we may
labour all in our power to relieve the dreadful evils
of poverty—not by simulated charity and gifts of
soup, but by removing from our people the crush-
ing burdens we have laid on their industry, and
the barbarous restrictions imposed on their freedom--
we shall now borrow some of Mr. FARR's re-
commendations and remarks. • • • • •

lie very justly says that " the first writers on the
\
subject took a fanatical view of the subject." It
was very natural for those who believed man to be
wicked, to come to the conclusion that where man
abounds there wickedness is proportionate. Hence
' cities were declared vortices of vice, misery, and
death. They were proclaimed the graves of man-
kind." There is now, however, reason to believe
" that the aggregation of mankind is not inevitably
disastrous." In the further progress of improve-
ment, the primary objects to be kept in view, he
says, are—

The careful exclusion of all unnecessary animal and
vegetable matter, the immediate removal of residual
products, and the dilution of inevitable exhalations.
The dead should no lnoger be buried where they arc
surrounded by crowded dwellings. . . Assuredly there is
no reason why thousands of cattle, sheep, horses, and
animals of every kind, sometimes affected with epizootic
diseases, should be gathered together in a market-places
within the city, or slaughtered in houses, where the
blood and offal can never be effectually removed. Pub-
lic slaughter-houses have been erected in other places
without putting the butchers to any real inconvenience,
or raising the price of meat.
One of the recommendations of railroads was that
cattle would be slaughtered in the country, and so
brought to London. We hope that will soon be
realised.

The sewerage, of course, occupies Mr. FA RR'S
attention, and he declares that a map of the drain-
age of the metropolis would correspond with the
table of relative mortality. The following recom-
mendation is worthy the attention of the landlords,
and it gives us pleasure to remind the reader that
the present Government, by the proposed improve-
ments of the metropolis, is acting in the spirit of
what Mr. FA RR says :
Wide streets, squares, and parks, with spacious houses,
would render ventilation easy, and secure the dilution
of poisonous emanations ; but the ground is valuable,
and building is dear in cities ; hence there has been a
constant and an unopposed tendency in landlords to ac-
cumulate the greatest number of houses on the least
possible space in poor districts, and the families of arti-
sans are driven to crowd in small, low, close rooms.
The evils from this source are one of the contingencies
of poverty and ignorance ; they may, however, be met
by opening, in the densest neighbourhoods, a certain
number of wide streets, through which the collateral
streets would be ventilated by fresh atmospheric cur-
rents. As information spreads among tenants, land-
lords will naturally render the districts in which their
property lies healthy. Men will pay higher rents rather
than expose themselves and their families to the risk of
sickness and death. The landlords of the metropolis,
at whose expense the improvements must be made, are
deeply interested in its sanatory state ; for every ame-
lioration conducive to the health of the inhabitants raises
the value of houses, while the deterioration cf the atmos-
phere must inevitably drive the wealthy out of town,
and lead to the erection of residences in the country,
which the facilities of travelling will every day render
more accessible.
The metropolis has in itself all the elements of a
healthy city. If the tides leave the banks of the Thames
exposed, that great river sweeps through the city from
east to west, and the winds rush fresh over its waters.
The land rises in undulations to Hampstead-heath and
the Surrey Hills ; pure water is abundant, and would
flow ander almost every street ; the artificial heat and
gas, noisome as it sometimes is, ascends in a vast column
to the sky, and is replaced by under currents from the
surrounding country. Their wealth enables the citizens
to take advantage of all the suggestions, discoveries, and
resources of modern science ; so that the metropolis
need neither be fatal to so large a portion of its inhabi- I
tants, nor undermine or derange the health of those who
are collected every year within its circuit.
With these advantages, if London be not made
as healthy as the rural districts, notwithstanding
the great multitude of human beings collected on
the banks of the Thames, the fault will be in our
regulations, not in nature, which has not, like a
mischievous demon, doomed the human race to
disease, debility, and misery, as she has multiplied
them on the face of the earth.

Thewith additional
adNio e s
from
mris
ConstantinoplePape Papers
of u n
oAlexandria, both
a
of the 7th inst., have reached us. Among the re-
ported captures of Commodore NAPIER off Bey-
Sunday,
rout, the Constantinopolitan letters enumerate an
Egyptian corvette and some transports, having on
board 11 field-pieces, 700 stand of arms, 600 bar I.
-

rels of powder, besides a large quantity of military
accoutrements. SOLIDI AN PACII A bad directed
no provisions to be supplied to the British ships,
upon which the British Commodore declared, that
if provisions were not supplied in abundance in the
course of a few hours, he would reduce Bey rout to
a heap of ruins. This threat had the desired effect.
While the Commodore was in the act of capturing
every vessel attempting to enter the harbour of Bey-
rout, the inhabitants supplied the British sailors
with plenty of fresh meat, fowls, bread, fruit, and
whatever the market supplied of either " eatables
or drinkables," as the veteran DIGGORY has it.
On the 7th instant Colonel HODGES, the British
Consul-General at Alexandria, struck his flag, and
went on board the Cyclops. His example was fol-
lowed by the Consuls-General of Russia, Austria,
and Prussia, who embarked in the British and
Austrian vessels of war in the harbour. This
movement of the diplomatic body greatly alarmed
the merchants, of whom the majority were pre-
paring to take shelter in Malta, Greece, and the
lonian Islands till the threatened storm shall have
blown over. The French Consul-General re-
mained, and such of the British merchants as had
resolved to abide the worst were about to put them-
selves under the protection of the Pacha, who had
offered to guarantee their safety.
The following additional summary of oriental
news is from the Gazette du Midi of the 24th

instant :
" We have received from Alexandria a letter of the
6th, which contains the following passages :
" Rifaat Bey left yesterday. He is the bearer of a
letter for the Sultan. The conduct of the Consuls of
the Powers in coalition has given
.rise to well merited
sarcasm. After having stated that they would leave a
the expiration of the second term, they demanded to be
authorised to remain, adding that they had received no
orders from their respective Courts to quit Egypt.
Therefore all that they have done for the last twenty
days was for no other object than to put the Pacha to
the test. Did they not publicly announce their de.-
parture, were they not preparing to do so, were they not
selling their horses ? And, after having made all this
hubbub, they allow Rifaat Bey to go, and remain them-
selves.

" His Highness has proofs that the English wished
to bribe Scheriff Pacha, the Governor-General of
Syria, by offering immense sums of money. Whence,
having acted in such a manner towards a superior Go-
vernment officer, what will they not do with respect to
inferior employes 1' But all those attempts at corrup-
tion have failed, and Syria is perfectly quiet.
" Ibrahim Pacha is at Balbec, between Tripoli and
Beyrout. He has withdrawn 1.5,000 men from Memel],
and Soliman has 30,000 men under his command. If,
therefore, the Turks were to effect a debarkation. they
could never withstand the Egyptian troops ; the Moun-
taineers would rise up in arms for Mehemet Ali,for the
Turkish soldiers were detested by the Druses and Ma-
ronites ; and the Arnauts, who committed the most
wanton pillage, have left behind them terrible remi-

niscences.
" It stated that Mehemet Ali also wrote to the
French Government at the same time that he delivered
a letter to Rifeat Bey for the Sultan. The letter which
has been sent to the King of the French is to request
the mediation of that country. "
Our French Contemporaries are never weary of
imputing bribery to our Goverment. Were Lord
PALMERSTON in a mood to give bribes, there is a
personage in Syria who, we understand, would
willingly pocket them, whose secession from
MEHEMET Am would be more useful to the Four
Powers than the Governor above indicated. It
is not a month since a Frenchman, whose per-
sonal intimacy with SOLIMAN PACHA is undoubt-
ed, offered, in our personal hearing to purchase the
defection of the said SOLIMAN PACHA, if
authorised so to do by the British Government,
and even to employ that brave Renegade against
the PACHA in Syria. This is a fact for the truth
of which we pledge ourselves. Now, would it
not be curious if this very SOLIMAN PACHA,
who for a given sum would settle the Syrian ques-
tion to the satisfaction of the Four Powers, were
at the bottom of the ridiculous charge thus trumped
up against Lord PALMERSTON ?
The French Government received on Sunday
the following official news from French Africa
ALGIERS, SEPT. 21.
"MARSHAL VALEE TO THE MINISTER OF WAR.
" I caused to be attacked by General Chategarnier,
the camp of Kaiifa Ben Salem. The enemy was de-
feated ; 129 native carcases have fallen into our power.
We have made 17 prisoners, taken 40 horses, 200
muskets, and several mules. The province of Algiers
is tranquil."
The death of Marshal MACDONALD, Duke of
Torento, is announced in these papers, The pa-
ragraph bringing the intelligence will be found in
another column.
The following paragraphs include what little else
there is in the shape of news in the French Journals
of Sunday :
The Presse states positively that a note had been
received by the French Government from Lord Pal-
merston, urgently recommending a renewed alliance be-
tween England and France with respect to the affairs of
Spain. The French Cabinet assembled twice to con-
sider the proposition, which several members of the Go-
vernment were disposed to receive favourably, but M.
Thiers eventually persuaded them to reject it.
A letter from Tunis announces that a Tunisian, who
had favoured the escape of the brothers Gelluli to Malta,
had been condemned to receive 1,500 lashes on three
successive days, and died before the entire sentence
could be carried into execution. It was reported in
Malta that the Regency of Tripoli had been offered to
the Bey of Tunis for a sum 2,000,000 of colonnati.
NEUTRALITY.-The Court of Naples, the See of
Rome, and several small German powers, have deter-
mined on maintaining a perfect neutrality in case war
break out between Franca and the parties to the cot:-
ference. The prudence of these little fry is much to
be commended. A tiny revolution has taken place at
Ancona, in consequence of en order being given to re-
pair the fortifications, which led to the idea that the
French were about to re-occupy the place. The emeulc
was put down without much difficulty.
The apprehensions of the frequenters of the Exchange
were revived to-day on the subject of the affairs of the
East. Besides the embarrassment which appears to
result from the news from Constantinople and Alexan-
dria, reports of a very serious nature have been spread,
in particular, that the English had taken possession of
Beyrout and Candia. There was, however, nothing to
indicate that this report was well founded. At the
same time comments were made on the letter published
by the Malta journal, which announces that the French
fleet had received orders to avoid any collision with that
The Friend
of Engluad
The Greek
foaurGnaalzpetutbelidseheFrance.
thens,
rf the People, of the 9th of September, announces
that on the 4th, in the morning, a French steam-boat
anchored in the little port of Phalerus, preceded nine
French ships of the line, which cast anchor there in the
eve Ling of the same day, the 4th of September. This
fleet is under the command of Admiral Hugon.
As the Journal does not announce the departure of
these vessels it must be presumed that they were still at
anchor there on the 9th.—Semaphore,
Sept. 24.
A letter from Alexandria, published in the Senlinelle,
says that Mehemet Ali bad gone to his country-scat of
announces reports of a
Moharem Bey, where he will spend a "'"
A letter from Constantinople unces
new defeat sustained by the Russians in Circassia. The
last news from Persia was pacific.—Le Commerce.

Madrid Journals of "the 21st inst. have arrived'
The capital was tranquil. The answer of ESPA R-
TERO to the Royal decree appointing him President of
the Council, was eagerly
The British Ambassador was with the QUEEN
REGENT at Valencia. expected by the Junta.

The following remarkable paragraph is from a
leading article in the Morning Chronicle of this

day :
Owing to the refusal of the French Post-office
authorities at Marseilles to allow anY
courier to be
sent from thence after the arrival of either French
or English vessels from the Levant, we received our
moretilat at
the length.
exclusive Suffice
Alexandria correspondence only this day. On the
subject of this prohibitive order we shall speak here-
after lle
whch the
present to
observe
French Government has received has, on more than one
ffi
intelligence for
t
occasion, been allowed to evaporate through a few fa-
voured hands many days before the public became
acquainted with it, and that simultaneous results have
been produced on the Stock Exchanges of Paris and
London, which tends strongly to inculpate the French
monopolizers of intelligence. There can be no political
object in intercepting from the French and English ,
public a knowledge of what is passing in the Levant.
When, some few weeks ago, a charge was pre- 1
1
ferred in the commercial circles of Paris against M,

DOSNY, the father-in-law of the French Premier, "
for converting early official intelligence to a profit-
able account on the Bourse, the Chronicle was the
only English Journal that had the hardihood to
contend for the immaculacy of the suspected Pre-
fect. There are persons from whom the best acts
come with an ; and therefore, though it
was exceedingly chivalrous on the part of the
Chronicle to enter the lists in defence of a man
borne down by the accusations of the French Press,
it was felt at the time that the defence of suspected
stock-jobbers was an undertaking which a
Journal, situated as the Chronicle was re-
ported to be at the time, by two of its
Morning Contemporaries, might have prudently
shrunk from volunteering. As the reputa-
tion of the French Premier was at stake, we
carefully abstained from noticing a defence, which,
under the circumstances, was rather calculated to
strengthen the impression against him ; nor should
we now recal the circumstance, did not the Chro-
nicle in the above paragraph threaten some such
proceeding as it then deprecated. We grant that
when the French Government directed the sup-
pression of the conveyance of despatches by cour-
t iers from Marseilles, gratitude should have
prompted an exception► in favour of the Chronicle
but we cannot suffer such a provocative to ill:
temper to have more weight than v%e can help with
the public.

Tony- LIES.—The Morning Post of this day asserts
that " between one and two thousand of the Livery of
London have subscribed their names" to the declara-
tien against Alderman Harmer, while the Committee
publish in another Tory paper the follosing v.l fining
contradiction of the falsehood :—" It is with infh.itt
surprise and indignation we have to witness the failure
of our efforts to rouse the Livery of London. Surely
the times must be exceedin.ly bad when not more than
GOO staunch Tories and Churchmen (the number who
nave signed the declaration) can be brought to a just
sense of duty ! We most earnestly hope and trust
that this great cause will not be sacrificed by such su-
pineness !"

THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.)

COLONIAL MARKET.

Prices were firm, but there was not much business done
privately, and the public sales were of little moment.
The imports continue light.
TEA MARKET.

The demand steady, and prices firm. Company's
Congou, 23. 4p. per lb cash. The deliveries are good,
and it is thought that a further advance will take place.
TALLOW MARKET.

P. Y. Candle was dull of sale, both on the spot and to
arrive; but prices did not give way.
‘VHITECHAPEL HAY MARKET.

A large vupply, but the demand was quite equal to it.
Clover 31. 103. to 61. Meadow Flay 31. to 5/. per load.
Straw 313. to 345. per load.

LLO YD'S SHIPPING-(THIS DAY).

LOND3N, SEPT. 29.—Wind this day at noon, pleasant
bre( zes from W. to S. W., and cloudy.
DEAL, SEPT. 28.--Wind S.W., squally.— Arrived
the Union, from:Odessa ; Terpsychore, Berser, Teneriffe.
Sailed the India (steamer) Henderson, for India.

LIVERPOOL, SEPT. 28. —Wind S.W.—Arrived the
Europe, Brodie, from the Mauritius; Helvellyn, M'Lean,
Valparaiso; John, Baring, Mobile; Scbyryd, Nuealan,
Sea of Az iph; British Queen, Alexandretta ; Betsey
Hall, Smyrna; Emma, Mann, Alexandria. The Roch-
dale, frum St. Vincent's, is not arrived, as re-
ported yesterday. A vessel, reported to be the Magnolia,
from New Orleans to this port, was spoken with, on the
17th ult., going into Havannah, having been struck by
lightning, and set on fire. Mem.—No such vessel as the
Magnolia has recently sailed from New Orleans.
FALMOUTH, SEPT. 27. —Wind W. to W. S. W.—Arrived
the Mary and Eliza, Nisbett, from Terranova, leaky, and
with loss of stern-boat, &c., having had very rough
weather. Sailed the William Harmington, Bell, for St.
John's, New Brunswick. Off port the George Anson,
Oakley, from Taganrog.
BRISTOL, SEPT. 28.—Arrived the Blandford, Field,
from Newfoundland.

GLOUCESTER, SEPT. 28.—Arrived the Doncaster, Yule,
from Quebec; Queen, Fropker, Miramichi ; Sarah, Howe,
Odessa.

YOUGIIAL, SEPT. 26.—Arrived the Kingston, Rey, from
Quebec.

CORK SEPT. ft —Arrived the Ann Eliza Bunting,
Lucas, from Newfoundland ; Concordia, Smyrna.
WHITER/0/EN, SEPT. 27.—Arrived the Campbell, Bell,
Antigua ; Carricks, Dawes, Quebec.

SUNDERLAND, SEPT. 26.—The Mary Ann, Edgar, of
Whitley, from Shields, coal laden, is sunk on Herden
Rock, ❑car this port; crew and materials saved.
LOWESTOFF, SEPT. 28.—The Paris (steamer), from
Hamburg to Havre was fallen in with, 26th inst., abcut
eigLty miles IV. of Heligoland, bearing up, by the Nep-
tune (steamer), arrived off here.
CAPE OF GOOO Hope, Auo. 20.—The Howard, Bis-
sett, bound to Cork, went on shore here during a very
severe gale on the 16th inst., and has become a wreck,
—part of cargo saved in a damaged state. The Delhi,
ron, drove on board the brig Princess during the gale
on the 16th inst., and carried away her bowsprit. The
latter received considerable damage in her upper works.
The brig Jas. Gibson, Stewart, drove athwart the Howard
at, 1 sustained damage.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NE WS

CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK.

LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, MONDAY.—
'lhere has been a good demand for Cotton to-day at
full prices. The sales 6,000 bags, of which 2,000 have
been taken on speculation.
LIVERPOOL SHARE LIST, SEPT. 28. Grand Junc-
tion 216 ; Gr,lat Western Halt Shares, New, 1-sth, 3
prem. ; London' and Brighton 165 ; South Western
521. Little business doing—prices stationary.

The Hamburgh m,li!, of the 2ith inst., has arrived,
w;th the papers of the .tame date, bringing the exchange
on London one 4 schillieg lower than the last post :
Gold no altera2io►t
Metaliqucs ............ 1031
Bank Actions

Arrivals this morning, French and Hamburgh mails ;
ship letters from Valparaiso, St, John's, New Brunswick,
and Newfoundland.

Letters from Constantinople state that it was re-
ported there that the Russians had experienced another
defeat in Circassia, and that the last accounts from
Persia were of a lavours6lc nature.

THE FUNDS.
It is not expected that much business will be doing
in the funds to-da),. as the Hebrew holiday will not be
over until this even, pg. Another one, of a more serious
nature, the W bite I:7st, will take place in a few. days,
when the Hebrews remain in the synagogue during
the whole of the day, wad the High Priest, with other
strict observers of Je wiih rites, will wear the shrouds
they are to be buried 1.1.

Consols, vvhicli left: off yesterday at 88i for the Ac-
count, opened this morning not quite so good at 87i-
-88, with little doing as yet ; Money 87/ 11. Exchequer
Bills, 5 7 prem. ; t.ndia Stock, 246 248 ; Bank Stock,
1661- 1671.
In the Foreign Market Spanish Active may be
quoted at the leavitg off price of yesterday 221 i ;
Deferrcd, 1 ; Ppassive, 5g ; Colombian, 22,E 23 ;
Portuguese 331; Three-per-Cents., 214 224 ; Mexi-
can, 251; Brazili: .n, 77 79 ; Dutch Two-nnd-a-hallper
Cents. 49/ 504 ; Five-per-Cents., 98i 091.
Shares—G7eat Western 17 19 prem. ; London and
B. it 11 10 1 dis. ; Blackwell, 34 24 dis. ; Bir-
mingham 75 77 prem. : Southampton 5253 per share ;
Croydon 114 4 iper share ; Greenwich 6 7 per snare.
Manchester and Birmingham 14 12 discount.
PRICES 01 SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE.
RAILWAYS . Paid. Per Share.
Great Western
London and Brigi'lton
London and Seutt I Western 3Bl 53
North Alidlaad, (New)

JOINT STOCK BANKS.
London Joint Stoq.k ... ........ .. 10

HALF-PAST ONE.

The Demerara papers received yesterday state that
at Vendue Nesterday, plantation Montrose, and planta-
tion Ogle, both our the cast coast of Demerara, were
purchased, the form er by Mr. Shand, and the latter by
the firm of George Anderson and Co. Montrose
brought 38,0001. sterl 'mg, and was transferred to Mr.lllit-
chef M'Turk immedia, `ely on the conclusion of the sale.
Ogle was sold for 26,0 k )0/. sterling. When such sums
are given for estates by gectlemen of caution, it is at
least a ground of lope th tat Me colony is not yet on its
way to ruin.

buri ,g the whole of the morning both the British
and Foreign Mn►kets have rema jued :nact7ve, and we
do not hear of any fcature in e:ther of the m worth
notice.

! Consols have been in the early part o.c the day at 88k,
at present may be quoted ; ; Exchequ r Bils 7 5
prem. ; India Bonds, 3 6 dis. ; Bank Stock, nothing
done.
In the Foreign Market Spanish Active 22i ; De-
ferred, 10i ; Passive, 514 ; Portuguese, in the early part
of the morning, 334- :13, at present 321 ; Colombian,
23 ; Danish 79 ;R' uFsian, 01 ; Portuguese Three
per Cents., 21i; no
thing done in Dutch Stock.
In Shares little d( ping. Great Western, 833: ; Lon-
don and Brighton, South Western, 53; North
Alidland, New, 401.-
F A r

VATAL RAIL WAY ACCIDENT.—We under-
stand that two men I were icilled on Friday afternoon, by a
fill of earth, in th railway -.tunnel at Rodwell End, near
flehdon Bridge.. Their nary lea are Joseph Roberts and
JElfileS Morrisost, one thirty ant,!. the other twenty-five years
of age. —Halifqx Express.

ELECT lON

OF

LORD Al AYOR.

This morning, pursuant to annual custom, a Com-
mon Hall was held at the Guildhall, for the election
of the Lord Mayor for the year ensuing.
The approaches to the Guildhall were crowded
long before the hour appointed for the commencement
of the proceedings. The Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and
Officers of the Corporation arrived at the Guild-
hall shortly before twelve o'clock. His Lordship
was cheered as he enlered the Hall, by the
crowd. Alderman Harmer was also received with
loud cheering. Some of the members of the
Corporation were greeted in a very different manner,
their appearance being the signal for groans aNd
hisses. The majority of the members of the Cor-
poration, however, were received in silence. At twelve
o'clock his Lonl.hip, attended by the Court of Alder-
men, went in procession to the church of St. Lawrence
Jewry, to attend Divine service.
They returned to the Guildhall shortly after one
o'clock. There were loud and general complaints
among the Liverymen that, contrary to usual custom,
the Lord Mayor issued orders that none should be per-
mitted to enter the Hall, until after his return from
Church.

In consequence, however, of the great dissatisfaction
occasioned by these orders being rigidly acted on, they
were countermanded, and the Hall was thrown open at
half-past twelve, and in the space of a few minutes was
filled. Since the celebrated struggle which ended in the
re-election of Sir John Key, there has never been known
such a numerous attendance of Liverymen in Common
Hall as on the present occasion.
On the return of the procession Alderman Harmer
was again received with loud cheering. When the
cheers had somewhat subsided, there was a faint attempt
to get up a hiss, at the further end of the Hall; but
this was only the signal for a renewal of deafening
cheering, which the worthy Alderman acknowledged by
repeatedly bowing.
The Town Crier having made the usual proclamation.
The RECORDER then came forward, and amid much
noise and confusion addressed the Livery as follows :
Gentlemen of the Livery, you are this day convened to
exercise one of the highest and most valuable privileges
you enjoy, in the election of a Chief Magistrate for
this ancient city, and the co'trse which the laws and
customs of the city prescribe is this, you must nomi-
nate to the Court of' Aldermen two members of their
body, duly qualified, to fill the office of Lord Mayor for
the ensuing year, and that Court must select one of
those individuals so nominated by yourselves to fill the
office. All the Aldermen who have served the office of
Sheriffs of London and the county of Middlesex are
eligible, as well as those who have already filled the
chair, and those who have not discharged that duty.
It is customary, in the first instance, to present the
names of those gentlemen to the attention of the Livery
who have not already passed the Chair, but it is your
undoubted right and privilege to select and nominate
two individuals duly qualified for the Court of Alder-
men, and it is imperadve on that Court to select and
nominate one. To the Chief Magistrate of this great
city are committed in an especial manner the preserva-
tion of the peace of the metropolis, and the rights and
liberties of the citizens of London.—(Cheers.) In the
true and unbiassed exercise of your undoubted privileges
you will not be unmindful of the great interests you have
in charge, or the important trusts which the free and
popular institutions of our Corporation at once enable
and require you faithfully to discharge.—(Loud cheers.)
The COMMON-SERGEANT then came forward and read
the names of those Aldermen who had not yet filled the
Chair. Upon the narne of Alderman Harmer being
mentioned, the cheering from all parts of the hall was
tremendous, and the names of Alderman Thomas
Johnson and Alderman Pirie received similar plaudits.
The names of the other Aldermen having been read
over,

The Town-crier cried out " Liverymen, attend to
your election. So many of you as w3uld have
James Harmer, Esq., Alderman, and spectacle-maker,
to be Lord Nla)or for the ensuing year, hold up your
hands."

Hcre a forest of hands were held up, and the Hall
presented amost animated spectacle, the cheering lasting
for several minutes.
On the names of Mr. Alderman Johnson and Mr.

Alderman Pirie being put to the Livery, nearly a simi-
lar number of hands were held up ; but, if there was
any difference, the former gentleman had the EMAller
number.
The COMMON-SERJEANT then said the Sheriffs
were of opinion that the nomination of the Livery had
fallen on James Harmer, Esq., Alderman and spectacle
maker—(Tremendous cheering)—and John Pirie, Esq.,
Alderman and plasterer—(Cheers.)
The COMMON-SERGEANT announced that a poll had
been demanded on behalf of Alderman Harmer, Alder-
man Pirie, and Alderman Johnson.
Mr. W. LAWRENCE was then introduced to the
Livery and said—Gentlemen, I stand forward to demand
a poll or behalf of Alderman Harmer —(Cheers.) The
very large and triumphant majority that has exhibited itself
in the Hall this day, lead those who are the friends of
Alderman Harmer to the conclusion that we shall end
as we began.—(Cheers, and cries of " No, no.") I
should like to hear those who oppose Mr. Alderman
Harmer give a reason why it should not be so. I am not
one of those who think, that, right or wrong a man
in rotation should be elected Lord Mayor. I think
that rotation may frequently be very properly interfered
with, but I like to know the grounds and reasons—

the why, and the wherefore it is interfered with.-.-
( Hear.) The Livery of London have not yet fallen
' into the absurdity of being dragged at the tad
of this man or that, and it was reserved for this day to
be shown whether the high-spirited Livery of London
are to be dragged by the chariot-wheels of the most
renegade of renegades—(Tremendous cheering)—to
come up at the beck, at the call, at the whip
and the spur, in order to do the bidding
of their worthy master.—(Cheers.) Who among you
will say the Times is his master ?—(Hear,
hear, and
hisses.) 1 ask you, who oppose Alderman Harmer,
whether you would dare to appear here were you not
backed by that journal ?—(Hear, hear.) Have you
a mind of your own on that subject ?—(Hear, hear.)
Many of those who have signed the declaration I have
no doubt are honest men , but honest men very fre-
quently commit very great absurdities, and I will ven-
ture to say that more than three-fourths of them never
read that which they signed.—,,Cheers and laughter,
and cries of " Ob, oh.") The consent of the
Livery bas been always held in England such
as to be worthy of being looked up to as a beacon
and a guide, and wherever an attempt has been made
to tamper with the understanding of the Livery, that
attempt has met with signal defeat.—(llear, and
cheers.) I have no doubt that the manifestation of
feeling in favour of Alderman Harmer displayed to-day,
will be followed up with vigour, and that the attempt
to defeat him will recoil on the hireling and the hirer.
Would it be believed that any person would be found,
putting. politics apart—for this contest is carried on, or
attempted to be carried on, with a disavowal on the part
of the accusers of Alderman Harmer of any intention to
say ought against his moral character or political position,
or as a man or a Magistrate—would it, I ask, be
believed that no person would oppose him because he
is the part proprietor of a weekly newspaper ?—( Hear,
lvar, and laughter.) Yet. the mark which the
Times has endeavoured to set against Alderman Harmer
is, that he is the part proprietor of a newspaper which
has a larger circulation than the Times.—(Cheers.)
The Times says, too, that Royalty has been abused in
the Dispatch. The Times never abused any body !
(Great laughter.) The Times never found fault with
her King, or Queen, or Parliament, or Chancellor, or
any private individual !—(Laughter.) They never did
—they are not the parties—they are the innocents—
(Laughter)—and they come here to-day in the persons of
their friends to show what absurdities individuals can be
guilty of who choose to pin their faith to a public
Journal such as the Tinies.—(Loud cheers
and laughter.) If dishonesty or apostacy is wanted
to be described by a figure, it is done in one word, the
Times—which has changed to every side, attached itself
to all politics, abused every system, condemned all
opponents, and not only all opponents but all friends.
When Mr. Walter, who is the proprietor of the
Times, became a candidate for the borough of
Southwark, he was rejected from that borough,
partly by the means of the writer of the
Dispatch, but more so by the electors. Well, then,
there is the secret of the opposition to Mr. Alderman
Harmer.—( Long continued cheering.) If Mr. Alder-
man Harmer had not opposed Mr. Walter
the proprietor of' the Times, he would never have been
opposed by the Times.—(Loud cheers.) I, there-
fore, ask the honest Livery whether they
will attach themselves to such an individual
as Mr. Walter, and allow themselves to be dragger;
by him through the contest ?—(Loud cries of
" No, no.") But, gentlemen, I have no doubt
the result will be as every honest man hopes and wishes,
namely, the success of Mr. Alderman Harmer, and the
defeat and discomfiture of the Times.—(Great cheer-
ing.) It has been said that great confidence may
be placed in the Court of Aldermen, and that,
notwithstanding, the Livery may return Mr. Alder-
man Harmer, yet that the Court of Aldermen will
reject him. Those who say that do not know the
Court of Aldermen, There are honest men in that
Court—(Hear, heat)—men who would be ashamed to
do a dirty act ; but the Times is disposed to tieckle
the unwary in the hone that some of the
Aldermen will attach themselves to the chariot wheels
of the Times, and (to their dity work.—( Hear, hear,
and laughter.) In conclusion, I have only to say that
I know we shall show our enemies we have a good
cause, and that our success is certain.—(Cheers.)
Mr. Deputy BLACKETT then came forward, and said
he hr2d little more to do than to second the nomination
of his worthy friend Who bad preceded him. lie
would not detain them long, but would merely bear
testimony to the conduct of Alderman Harmer for the