The Sun.
London, England, 1823-08-19 00:00:00

[MORNING .CIIIIONICI.E.]

Letters of tire 28th and 29th ult. were yester-
day received from Cadiz, which mentions that
every thing continued unchanged there, and that
the same enthusiasm prevailed among the troops
and people. The Government continued firm in
its determination to listen to no overtures of a
humilating kind. The issue of the cause had
been trusted to the sword, and there wasmo dis-
position to make any alteration in the policy
adopted. Great improvements were making in
the fortifications, more particularly in the Troca-
dero, a low piece of land in the centre of the
Punta' road, opposite Port Royal, and the point
nearest in contact with the French. There six
new batteries had been constructed, to which the
names of Liberiad, ludependeneia, Constitudon,
Arco-Agnero, Riego, and Qzdroga had 'been
given, and two others were nearly finished. Al-
most every day detachments from this point went
out as far as the gardens of Port ]loyal. Admiral
Valdes had given op Itl4 allowances as Com-
mandant-General of all the naval forces, amount-
big to 1(18,000 dais per annum. Count de Al-
modovar had also resigned all his pay, and gene-
rally there was a disposition on the part of the
officers to waive their pay till the Government
should be hotter enabled to discharge the
obligation. Measures had been taken to pre-
vent the arrival from America, or any other
point,
of vessels having the fever on board, Pro.
visions were plentiful, and continued to arriVe
in
sufficient quantities. Both the Government and
individuals had laid in great stocks. Letters were
also received from the north of Spain, mentioning
that Lopez Banos was advancing by the line of
the Tagus with a force that was daily increasing,
and it was thought he would push on towards
Madrid by the way of Talavera de la Reyna, to
form a junction with El Empecinado, who was
already in the neighbourhood of the capital, and

had established commumcattons with the Con-
stitutionalists there. He daily received advices
of the movements of the Regency and the French
garrison, through the medium of his confidantv.
In Estremadura, all the towns through which the
French passed had risen up and restored the
tablet of the Constitution. Several new guerilla
parties were forming, as fast as they could obtain
arms ; and it was anticipated that the Regency
*ould soon be on their way to Valladolid or
Ourgos.

[THE VMES.] •
The letters received yesterday from Paris fully.
cstahlish the falsehood of the late official cornmu-
Oication in the Moniteur, of the release of Ferdi-

nand and the departure of the Cortes from Cadiz.
With whatever qualification the intelligence was
given, it surely must be considered a disgrace-
ful step in the French 'Government in officially
publishing the mere rumour of a courier, on a
point, too, which disposed of the whole ques-
tion of the contest in Spain, while themselves were

. .
'in possession of the most rapid Means of convey-
ance, special couriers, and a multitude of
agents in alt quarters. It appears, however,
according to letters of the nth instant, from
Madrid, which were received yesterday, that
the belief of soch intelligence prevailed in
the Spanish. capital, where it was disseminated,
with what motives cannot be conjectured, on no
less,authority than that of the Members of the
Regency, who at the same time issued an order
for public rejoicings on the occasion. This mea-
sure, by unchaining the furious passions of the,
deluded rabble, produced in the issue the most
fatal consequences. Their rage was, of 'course,
directed chiefly against those persons believed to
support constitutional principles. The most vio-
lent threats were uttered, and all those, who wish-
to save their property from the violence of the
populace, were compelled to hang their Houses
with tapestry, and to illuminate their windows.
During the night of the 10th, the frantic Royalists
of all classes paraded the streets with frightful ac-
clamations and menacing gestures. They bran-
dished great Clubs, and attacked all unfortunate
persons whom they chose to designate as Liberals.
After continuing this conduct till the night was,
pretty far advanced, the word was given to at-
tack the houses of the Constitutionalists. . The
pillage commenced, being rendered more easy by
the illumination ; and from pillage the mob pro-
ceeded to massacre. No less than eighteen or
twenty persons fell victims to the infatuated and
' unrestrained fury of the partisans of royalty. A 1
letter written by an individual in Madrid, on the
.
night of the 10th, while this scene was acting,
thus describes wliat was wing forward :---.
" They dance, they laugh, they embracel they'
illuminate, they attack, they rob, they murder,"
the populace remained, in fact, for some • hours
masters of the city ; for. the Regency gave
,no
commands, and the inferior authorities exerted no
influence to stop, their excesses. They were at
length only checked by the exertions of the small
body of French troops remaining' in garrison at
Madrid; and when the courier of the 11th' left•
the city, order was completely restored.

tN AM.]
The aecount of the liberation of the King' of
Spain and the dissolution of the Cortes turns out,
as we ,suspected, to be exaggerated. It is true,
that the more violent party in' Cadiz have lost
their preponderance, and that the King i's-per-
'mitted to appear in public ;• the consequence of
which' it, that' the peopin loudly testify their' at-
tachment to *hit person ; but beyond this, no
step has yet'heen publicly taken towards-sub.
mission by the Revolutionary party. .On the 16th
instant, howev*r, the Duke d'Amgoureme was
expected at Port Rt. -Mary's : and our pri-
vate letters assure ifs, there is every reason
to believe that matters will be finally settled
soon after his Royal Highness's arrival.—
The Cours Althea/vie of S'atu'rday has reached
us. On that day the Rentes opened- at 93. 40.,
and after many trifling• fluctuations closed at
exactly the sume price ; Scrip at 3 per cent. pre-
mium ; Spanish Bonds at 46,, and Neapolitan
Stock at 77i. In out own Market, Consols
opened yesterday rather heavi at B`2l and closed
at 132 f Spanish Bonds are advancing in. con-
sequence of the improvement in Paris, and were
at one time at 381, but afterwards fell to 39. A
Lisbon Mail arrived yesterday; but the private
letters-do not contain arty intelligence', further
than that affairs remained in an unsettled state.

[lllll'lsll PRESS.]
The Duke of Vellington left town, we under-1
stand, this morning, on his way to the Nether-
lands, to inspect, for the last time, the line. of
fortresses now raising their heads along the Bel-
gian frontier, and intended to preserve these
territories and tho Rhenish Provinces of the
Prussian Despot, from attack, in case of any new
movements on the part of France. These
immense and formidable structures are built,
in a great degree, not on the plan of Vau.
bon or Cohort), but on that of the celebrated
Carnot, as recommended in his last publication.
---The fire from them is not intended to be,
as heretofore, horizontal, but principally with
mortars elevated, to let the shells fall on the
heads of the besiegers : the efficacy of this plan has
been ably questioned by Sir Howard Douglas,
and several experiments tried by him with targets
and otherwise to prove its inefficiency. His
Grace the Duke of 'Wellington, however, will,
be the best judge, which is the most murderous
or the two systems ; our trade is not that of
War. The great Captain's military tour of in-
spection was prevented last year by the
death of the Foreign Minister, whose place
he was deputed to fill at Verona. How many
painful recollections do the negociatious of the
Duke now call up, when we look at the state of
Spain ! How different was his conduct in diplo-
macy, from that be exhibited in war! The gl•eat
Marlborough's negociations at the Hague, and
elsewhere, were equally able as his military ex-
ploits at Families, Malplaquet, or Oudenarde.—
But contrast Salamanca, Vittoria; 'or 'Waterloo,
with the records of Verona, and how melancholy
was the falling off of the victor at the latter !
Had the Duke opposed Montmorency and Nes-

'§elrode as he did Marmont and Napoleon,
Spain would now be free. His Grace is a narrow
and _EL short-sighted politician : he may urge the
completion of the threatening. piles now, raising
along the frontier,with the contribu Lions exacted by
the allied armies frorn plundered France •, but when
the day of revolution and Movement arrives, these
bultiarks, however massive, will afford-little Tiro-
tectitin to the' despots who have reared therm—.
The wholesale transfers of Paris and Vienna, by
which Belgium was. confiscated for the newly
created King of the Netherlands, and the rich Rhe-
nish provinces transferred to the despot of Bran-
denburgh, 'will then be annulled. The name of
the great Duke figures at the bottom of all these
treaties; he was an assenting party to the barter,
by which Genoai in violation of British faith,
was basely delivered to the paltry tyrant of Sar-
dinia—by which Saxony was dismembered—
the carcase of once proud Venice flung to the
Austrian vulture ; and Poland, associated
with the name of the great Sobieski, and
the deliverance of Christendom, was clutched by
the ambitious barbarian of the North. The name
and character of Britain were disgraced through-
out Europe by these vile treaties ; universal dis-
appointment and discontent followed on their,
compulsory execution. The calmness of des-
pair for a while tranquillizes Italy, Germany,
and other countries ; but the day of vengeance
and of freedom will yet arrive ; and if the Duke
of Wellington survives to see it, he will find that
frowning battlement or buttress will be no stay
against the united strength of millions.

[MORNING eon.]
French Papers to the 18th inst. arrived yes-
terday. No Monitcue was published on Satur-
day on account of the festival of, Assumption,
and that of Friday made no allusion whatever to
the unoffitial Telegraphic Dispatch of the day
before, which it had been announced would, if
true, be immediately confirmed by one of a
more authentic nature. The Papers of Sunday
are equally silent on the subject, and four days
having elapsed without the arrival of the ex•
pected confirmation, all idea of its ever coming
was at an end, and all credit withdrawn from
the communication of the Bayonne Commandant.
Expectations of peace, however, continued ; but
they were derived from a different source : not
from the delivering up of the King and the flight
of the Cortes, but from the prospect of an ar-
rangement with both. The great obstacle to
this had hitherto been the determination of
the French Government to believe, that VII
less the King of Spain were give' up,- or surren-
dered himself to' he invading army, he must be
a prisoner deprived of of authority iii the
State.. In vain did' he issue manifestoes and pro-
clamations, vindicating his' free agency : they
were ascribed, bithe same spirit of incredulity, to
the dictation' of the Cortes ;. and, the' pretended
Ally who eared so muely for Ferdinand's per.
weal-safety as to incur the dangers" of war,- and
to inflict its devastations upon Sprain, under the
pretence of tender solicitude, cared so little for
his honour' as to &vac aft Ids assertion's as false-
hoods, and his most sirlemit assurances as wilful
perjuries. The first object was therefore
to remove. the impression that Ferdinand' was a
complete slave,- and wished for the' destruction of
the Coestitution and the restoration of ab..
solute despotism. For- this purpose it is
note fluid that the Duke of Angouleme has beeti
invited by the Cortes to come to. Cadiz, and
eyes that the King is .
con-
vince
himself with his owe'
free and friendly to' the Constitution, and that
they are not unwilling that its imperfections should
be removed. The Duke, on the other hand, is
represented as" having acceded to the request ;
and the whole statement is strongly corroborated,
if not placed beyond a dotrbt, by the Waite,
which says that he
.%vas to quit ..the heads
quarters of the army at Cordova to 46 proceed
post to Cadiz,' The same Paper odds that the
:moderate party, to -which. both Morillo and Bal.
lasteros t.
longed'. had triumphed, and that the
b
King was left at liberty to go in or out of the town
as he thought proper. Private letters hold the same
language. According to one, 46 The Cortes had, in
conjunction with the King and the Governor of
Cadiz, dispatched a courier with a carriage and four
horses to meat -the Duked'Angouleme, in order
to hasten his arrival at that place, where every
thing was arranged for a full and peaceable settle-
ment of all differences ; the King and his family
were not allowed to quit Cadiz, but were at per-
fect liberty in the town." According to another 1
----" The whole business, as far as yegarded fight-
ieg, was at an end, and nothing,remained but the{
presence of the Doke to put the finishing
stroke to the arrangement."—ft must be seen
that by putting the King forward, and trust-
big tp his promises and declarations in fa•
your of Constitutional freedom, backed as they
are by those ef Morillo and Ballasteros even at
the hour of defection, the Cortes. terminate at
once the existence of their great enemy, the Ma-,
drid Regency, and relieve the Duke of Angou-
leme from all the difficulties and impediments
in which the unruly violence of the Regency
had begun to involve him. From the mo-
ment that the King of Spain is acknowledged
to be free by the French Generalissimo, the
Madrid Regency ceases de ludo and de jure to
exist, for its power was only to last during the
alleged captivity of the Spanish Moiiarch. The
temporary submission of Melillo and Bal.
lasteros
to that body then becomes nuga-
tory, and their armies return under the au.
therity
of -the King and- the Cortes, who
continue to exercise a share in the Govern-
ment of the country. It was probably, as
we remarked yesterday, the
prospect of some
arrangement of this kind, which induced Belles-
terns to treat with Molitor and the Duke of An-
gouleme, and it was also perhaps the dread of it
which rendered the Madrid Regency so hostile to
the Duke's journey, and so urgent in its demands
'to be allowed to accompany him. ,

The Slat ult. an Inquest was held at Binning-1
toil, near Chesterfield, before CikottnE tioaLtwo, (lent.
Coroner, I
on the body
.of male infant child, who was sufilicated
in consequenei of getting part of an ear of wheat Into its throat,
which the mother had given it to play with. Verdict accord-
ingly. • -