The Sun.
London, England, 1871-02-04 00:00:00

THE WAR.

THE FALL OF PARIS.
THE CONVENTION OF SURRENDER.

The following is a translation of the full text of
the Convention between Count Bismarck and M. Jules

Favre

CONVENTION' •
Between Count von Bismarck, Chancellor of the Ger-
manic Confederation, stipulating in the name of his
Majesty the Emperor of Germany, King of Prussia, and
M. Jules Favre, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Go-
vernment of the National Defence, both furnished with
regular powers, have been determined the following
arrangements :
ARTICLE I.— A general armistice over all the line of
military operations in course of execution between the
German and the French armies shall begin for Paris on
'this very day, and for the Departments within the term
of three days. The duration of the armistice shall be for
twenty-one days, dating from to-day ;so that, unless it
shall be renewed, the armistice will terminate on the
19th of February, at noon. The belligerent armies
will preserve their respective positions, which will
be separated by a line of demarcation. This
line will commence from Pont Eveque, on the
coast of the Department of Calvados, and be
continued upon Lignieres, in the north-east of the
Department of the Mayenne, passing between Briouze
and Fromentel. Touching the Department of the
Mayenne at Lignieres, it will follow the limit which
separates that Department from the Departments of the
Orne and of the Sarthe, to the north of Morannes, and
will be continued in such a way as to leave in German
occupation the Departments of the Sarthe, Indre-et-Loire,
Loir-et-Cher, Loiret, and Yonne, as far as
a point at which, to the east of Quarr6-
les-Tombes, the Departments of the Cote d'Or,
the Nievre, and the Yonne touch each other.
Setting out from this point, the tracing of the
line will be reserved for an understanding which shall take
place as soon as the contracting parties shall be informed
as to the actual situation of the military operations which
are being executed in the Departments of the COte d'Or,
of the Doubs, and of the Jura. In any case the line will
pass through the territory composed of these three De-
partments, leaving to German occupation the Depart-
ments situated to the north, and to the 'French army those
situated to the south of this territory. The Departments
of the North and of the Pas de Calais, the fortresses of
Givet and Langres, with the territory which surrounds
them to a distance of ten kilometres, and the peninsula
of Havre as far as a line drawn "from Etretat in
the direction of St. Romain, will remain outside the
limits of the German occupation. The two billigerent
armies and their advanced posts on eith4_4tle will remain
at a distance of at least ten kilometre the lines
drawn to separate their positions. I ach of the two
armies reserves for itself the right of maintaining its
authority in the territory that it occupies, and of employ-
ing the means which its commanders may judge necessary
to attain that end. The armistice applies equally to the
naval forces of the two countries, adopting the meridian
of Dunkerque as the line of demarcation, to the west of
which the French fleet will remain, and to the
east of which, so soon as they can be warned, will
withdraw the German ships of war which find
themselves in western waters. The captures
which are made after the conclusion, and before
the notification, of the aAlnistice, will be restored, as well
as the prisoners who may be taken in the interval indi-
cated. The military operations in the territory of the
Departments of Doubs, Jura, and Cote d'Or, as well as
the siege of Belfort, shall continue independently of the
armistice, until an agreement shall be arrived at regarding
the line of demarcation—the tracing of which through the
three departments mentioned has been reserved for ulterior
understanding.
ARTICLE ll.—The armistice thus agreed upon has for
is object to permit the Government of National Defence
to convoke an Assembly, freely elected, which will pro-
nounce upon the question whether the war shall be
continued, or on what conditions peace shall be made.
The Assembly will meet in the city of Bordeaux. Every
facility will be given by the Commanders of the German
armies for the election and the meeting of the Deputies
who will compose that Assembly.
ARTICLE lll.—There shall be immediately surrendered
to the German Army by the French military authorities
all the forts forming the perimeter of the exterior defence
of Paris, as well as their material of war. The communes
and the houses situated outside that perimeter, or between
the forts, may be occupied by the German troops as far as
a line to be drawn by military commissioners. The ground
between this line and the fortified enceinte of the
city of Paris will be interdicted to the armed forces of the
two sides. The manner of surrendering the, forts, and the
drawing of the line already mentioned, will form the
object of a protocol to be annexed- td. the present Con-
vention.
ARTICLE IV.—During the armistice the German army
shall not enter the city of Paris.
ARTICLE V.—The enceinte shall be disarmed of its guns,
the carriages of which will be transported into the forts
designated for that purpose by a Commissioner of the
German army.
ARTICLE Vl.—The garrisons (Army of the Line, Mobile
Guard, and Marine) of the forts and of Paris, shall be
prisoners of war, excepting a division of 12,000 men, which
the military authorities in Paris will preserve for service
inside the city. The troops who are prisoym 4 war shall
lay down their arms, which will be ccigetAin. the places
designated, and given up according to arraukeinents made
by a commissioner in the usual manner: troops
shall remain in the interior of the city, of which they will
not be allowed to pass the enceinte during the armistice.
The French authorities bind themselves to take care that
every individual belonging to the Army/ and to the Mobile
Guard shall remain in the interior of the town. The
officers of the captured troops shall be designated in a
list to be delivered to the German authorities ; and at
the expiration of the armistice all the combatants belong-
ing to the army confined in Paris will have to constitute
themselves prisoners of war to the German Army, if
before that time peace is not concluded. The officers
made prisoners will retain their arms.
ARTICLE Vll.—The National Guard will retain its
arms. It will be charged with the protection of Paris
and the maintenance of order. The same will be the
case with the gendarmerie and the assimilated troops em-
ployed in the municipal service, such as the Republican
Guard, the Douaniers and the Pompiers—the whole of
this category not exceeding 3,500 men. All the corps of
Francs-tireurs shall be removed by ordinance of the
French Government.
ARTICLE VIII.—Immediately atter the signatures of
these presents, and before the taking possession of the
forts, the Commander-in-Chief of the German armies
will give every facility to the Commissioners whom the
French Government will send, whether into the Depart.,
ments or abroad, to take steps for the revictualling, and
to bring to the city the commodities which are destined
for it.
ARTICLE IX.—After the surrender of the forts, and after
the disarmament of the enceinte and of the garrison, stipu-
lated in Articles 5 and 6, the revictualling of Paris will be
effected freely by transit upon the railroads and the
rivers. The provisions intended for this revictualment
shall not he drawn from the districts occupied by the
German troops; and the French Government engages it-
self to obtain provisions outside of the line of demarcation
which surrounds the position of the German armies, ex-
cept in the case of an authorisation to the contrary effect
given by the commander of the latter.
ARTICLE X.—Every person wishing to quit the city of
Paris must be furnished with regular permits, delivered
by the French military authority, and submitted to the
visa of the German authorities. Free passes will be
granted, in right of their position, to candidates, to the
provincial deputations, and to the Deputies to the
Assembly. The free movement of the persons who have
received the authorisation indicated will be permitted
only between six in the morning and six in the evening.
ARTICLE Xl.—The City of Paris shall pay a municipal
contribution of war amounting to two hundred millions pf
francs. This payment must be effected before the 1
day of the armistice—the mode of payment to be deter-
mined by a mixed German and French Commission.
ARTICLE XII.— During the armistice nothing shall be
taken away from the public objects of value which may
serve as pledges for the recovery of the war contribu-

THE DISTRESS IN CENTR A.L FRANCE.
The accounts received of the distress existing in the
North and East of France produced a most: painful im-
pression in this country, but unhappily they are now fully
equalled in horror by the narratives of travellers through
the central districts, The Army of the Loire has played
such a prominent part in the campaign that the names,
not only of the chief towns, but even of the villages in.the
Orleannais, Touraine, and the department of the Loire,
are familiar as household words. In the midst of the ex-
citing records of marches and sieges, however, few have
stopped to picture the desolation which followed on the
track of the contending armies. The supplies of the dis-
trict, which is purely agricultural, and one of the most
fertile in France, have been eaten up by the
combatants, and what is worse, all means of
present and future provision have been destroyed. The
crops which were not consumed for food by the
troops have been burnt by the invaders ; the farmers'
horses and carts have been seized by the endless Prussian
requisitions, and the ploughs and other instruments have
been broken up for firewood. The villages have been so
thoroughly pillaged that their starving populations are
thronging into the towns. Those that have escaped with
their lives may think themselves fortunate, for the country is
dotted with the ruins of burnt villages and homesteads.
But when the ruined and hungry agriculturists pour into
the towns the citizens have nothing to give them, for
they are themselves drained of all resources
by the requisitions, the levies, and the fines.
Orleans has been fined 600,000 francs for an
offence given to an individual German, while Tours is
under threat of bombardment because it cannot raise the
required two million francs. The beautiful and
fertile country on the banks- of the Loire, the
favourite resort of tourists, is scarcely recognis-
able with its neglected vineyards, its wasted
fields, and burnt and plundered villages. The
melancholy wanderers from the joyous and plentiful farms
of a few months since now stand in the streets of the
towns in crowds begging fcr aid from the passer by, and
accept the smallest gift with painful gratitude.

GARIBALDI AT DIJON.
An occasional correspondent of the Daily News, writing
from Dijon, gives an interesting account of the repulse of
the Prussians. Near midnight, on the 21st ult., the cry
was raised that the Prussians were within two
miles of Dijon. The Gaiibaldians held strong posi-
tions at Talant and Fontaine. The Prussians
occupied the village and chateau of Daix, the farm of
Chancy, the village and hills of Hauteville, and the
fields between Daix and Fontaine, resting their right on
the height round Plombieres. Canzio, Garibaldi's son-in-
law, headed the sth Brigade, composed of some 500 Italians,
and Ricciotti Garibaldi led the Francs tireurs. From two
till five p.m. these had to bear the brunt of the battle, the
balls falling so close in their ranks that the
wounded were with difficulty carried off, and
the bearers were frequently struck down as they
bore them off the field. The scattered houses were
crowded with wounded, as were the ambulance waggons,
but the fighting went on with unflagging energy. About
half-past five Garibaldi came down from Talant, his troops
still maintaining their hard-fought positions. At this
time the correspondent, who was attached to the ambu-
lances, met with an awkward adventure, for having entered
a house by the wayside to attend to some Italian wounded,
he and one or two assistants were surprised by a band of

Prussians, who took possession of the group of houses,
and kept the hospital attendants in with bayonets, fearful
lest they should tell the French where they were. A
French ambulance stopped at the door, believing the
house was still in the hands of the French.
Seven wounded men were in it. "Their shrieks
while being unceremoniously hoisted down passed
all bearing ; and in sheer desperation I gave
a Prussian lieutenant to understand that if
he thus violated all laws of humanity his wounded com-
rades in Dijon would have to pay the costs. So he let me
carry three of the poor, fellows, one mortally wounded in
the intestines, the other two with smashed thighs, into a
house above. I cannot say what were the number of this
band of Prussians near us to a few hundreds, but I
could see masses behind. Certain it is they dared not
advance a step towards Dijon to ascertain where the
Garibaldians were. Night wore on. The soldiers
pillaged the houses, took all the mattresses, cover-
ing; wine, even empty bottles, from the scared villagers.
Once a lieutenant, in return for my services to one of his
soldiers who had fallen down from a wall, gave me permis-
sion to go on to the houses at the top of the hill, where
the mass of our wounded lay; but the soldiers again
thrust me back with their bayonets, crying, `Nix, nix,
teufel." ' Soon after, however, the lieutenant an-
nounced that they were going to carry all their
wounded further back, and every available con-
veyance, as well as all the ablebodied villagers,
were pressed into the service. On the following
day the Prussians had all retreated, leaving many dead
and wounded, and all the ambulance material. The
ambulance officer went down to the Ferme de Chancy, at
the entrance end of the village of Daix, where bands of
Mobiles and Franc-tieurs were already claiming the
spoils, and Prussian surgeons and nurses were
pale with terror. There was some ground
for alarm, for a rumour was current that the Prussians
had murdered in cold blood the surgeons and nurses of
the Saone et Loire battalion at Hauteville. The English.
man gave strict orders that nothing should be touched,
and no one injured, while he rode back to Dijon for
Garibaldi's written directions. Having obtained these,
the Prussian wounded who could be moved were
taken to Dijon, those that could not, were supplied with
provisions. The surgeons were lodged at an hotel, and
sent back to Switzerland. The success was indisputable.
Garibaldi's order of the day begins with the words,
"Three days of fighting, and three days of victory."
The third day was conclusive. The Prussians had
advanced on Dijon from the north, that is to
say, on the road from Langres, with eight or ten
pieces of artillery, and for seven consecutive hours
were held at bay by Ricciotti's Franc-tireurs and a portion
of the 3rd Brigade. They were beaten back at every
point with great slaughter, leaving their dead and
wounded on the field. Ricciotti's Franc-tireurs, besides
horses, swords, knapsacks, helmets, k4pis, and spoil in
general, took the colours of the 61st Regiment, and
this trophy restored them to good humour, as on the
two previous days all the honours were carried off
by the Italians. Unfortunately among the killed
was Ferraris, Garibaldi's own doctor and cherished friend,
who was struck in the brain by a bullet while galloping to
the front with an order from Garibaldi. The grief of his
comrades was great, but they feared to tell the General.
When all was over, and the victorious Italians bad re-
turned to the Prefecture, Garibaldi was giving the neces-
sary orders. "Send me Ferraris," he said. Some one
'altered out that he was wounded. No one dared tell him.
,he truth that night. . •

tins.
ARTICLE XIII.—The transport into Paris of arms,
of munitions, or of articles entering into their manufacture,
is forbidden during the terms of the armistice.
ARTICLE XlV.—lmmediate steps shall be taken for the
exchange of all prisoners of war made by the French
army since the commencement of the war. For this
end the French authorities will hand, as promptly
as possible, nominar lists of the German pri-
soners of war to the German 'military authorities at
Amiens, at Le Mans, at Orleans, and at Vesonl. The
liberation of the German prisoners of war will be effected
upon the points nearest to the frontier. The Germiln
authorities will deliver in exchange on the same points
and in the briefest possible time, to the French military
authorities, a like number of French prisoners of war of
corresponding grades. The exchange will extend to civil

prisoners, such as captains of ships of the German mer- the last two months the national confidence " has
ken with
been
chant navy, navy, and the civilian French prisoners who have dually giving way. "I have," e says, sp
been interned in Germany. no Frenchman, of whatever rank, during the last six
ARTICLE XV.—A postal service for letters, not sealed, weeks who did not admit the urgent necessity of peace,
will be organised between Paris and the Departments, and who was not prepared for any sacrifice to obtain
through the medium of the headquarters at Versailles. it. Frenchmen told me Gambetta should have a safek--,
In faith of which, the undersigned have appended to conduct given him to go through the occupied provinces;-1
the present Convention their signatures and their seals. as he would then certainly conclude peace."
Done at Versailles, the 28th of Januari,4B7l. The Daily News' correspondent at Bordeaux says the
-• BISMARCIC. news of the capitulation of Paris had been received there
FAVRE. with philosophic resignation. Although it was Sunday,
there were no groups in the streets, and no monster meet-
ing in the theatre was talked about. In one of the cafes
some National Guards and Mobiles looked " most jolly
over their cards and dominoes, and could not conceal their
delight at the prospect of fighting being over." M. Gam-
betta, however, had twice been noticed in tears during the
day ; and our correspondent has seen a good deal of sob-
bing in some of the public offices. People, too, htiotW
skaken him by the hand, but could not trust themselves

to speak.
The Allgemeine Zeitung thinks it a fortunate circum
stance that peace was not concluded immediately after
Sedan, as a durable peace, the only reasonable object of
the war has only just become attainable. " Had we made
peace after Sedan," it remarks, "we should have conquered
only the Emperor and his marshals, not France. France
would have been in its own opinion the real victor, and
would eventually have taunted us with having re-
treated out of fear of the genius and vigour of the
Republic. Now, however, when the Generals of the Re-
public, as many as have confronted us, have been just as
little able to keep the field with the rapidly mustered
levies of the Republic as the Emperor's marshals and
armies were—indeed, still less so—when not a single
general witnesses the end of the struggle as a victor,
when not a single stronghold has been able to resist
the German attack, France, the French people, is con-
quered."
TREATMENT OF FRENCH SOLDIERS.—SeveraI of
the Macon Mobilised Guards have sent the following
letter to the Courrier de Saone et Loire :—" Having left
Macon with shoes made for the market with paper soles,
with bags only tacked together, not sewn, and our
other equipments in similar condition, we have spent
each from his own slenderly-furnished purse 4f.
or sf. to put these necessaries in order. We had
been promised 10fr., such of us as did not receive shoes
or trousers ; we have received neither one nor the other.
We set out with courage and honour to be able to de-
fend our country. Will the committee of Macon take
it to heart? We are told here that there is now a mili-
tary committee ; so much the better ! We know that
with a committee a centime is a centime. Why has it
not been sooner appointed? We should not have been
duped as we have been • we hope in it, and that a com-
mission of earnest men 'will be appointed, who will look
into these trickeries, and force our contractors to reim-
burse the expense we have been at to have our bags sewn
and our cooking utensils put in order. Nothing was ex-
amined ! We have received at Macon for a month, not
meat, but bones ; we are informed that it was our shoe-
maker who became our butcher, and that he bought at
Saint Laurent all the meat he required for his contracts.
We are assured that a cow which had died of disease was
among the meat sent us, and we are told that one of our
contractors had made a profit of 100,000 f. If he were
forced to give up half, he would still be richer than we
are, and we should receive some moiety of justice."
THE GERMAN TERMS.-If the version of the
German conditions given by the Times Berlin cor-
respondent is authentic, Count Bismarck's ideas as
to the future are easily divined. Germany and
Russia are either to fight for the military supremacy of
Europe, or to join hands and enjoy the spoil in common-
England, as we have been told by a writer in an official
journal, has already effaced herself. Austria, Italy, and
Spain are not likely, either together or separately, to meddle
so long as they are not meddled with. France is to be
effaced by the conqueror. With a line of German
fortresses threatening her eastern frontier, and Metz
ready at any moment to launch a German army upon her
capital, with her navy destroyed, her territory ravaged,
her towns impoverished by requisitions and burdened
by loans contracted to satisfy them, with her national
debt raised to an amount not much less than double
our own, what place will be left her on the Con-
tinent ? For the next generation she will
not be even a second-rate Power. As far as material
resources go, she will be deprived of everything that makes
nations strong. She will count for nothing in the councils
of Europe. The Germans may make what combinations
they please without stopping to think how France will
be affected by them. On their western frontier there
will no longer be any Power to check their designs ; it is
only on their eastern frontier that they, will be com-
pelled to give so much as a thought to their neighbours.
No nation in modern times has ever held a position of
such undisguised superiority. At the height of the First
Napoleon's success he had this country continually in
arms against him. In the best days of Louis XIV. he
had at least a coalition to contend with. The prospect
for Europe is darker in some respects than it was
during either of these great struggles for continental.
empire. The danger may have been as great or even
greater then than now, but it was seen more clearly.
England, at all events, had not been lulled int) forgetful-
ness alike of her duties and her interests by dreams of
perpetual peace. She had not surrendered her claim to
mke her voice heard on the Continent and to be consulted
ina every rearrangement of the European system.—Pail
Mall Gazette.

A regular agreement was made between the Swiss and
the French previously to the entry of Bourbaki's army
into Switzerland. The French gave positive assurances
that no attempt would be made to resist disarming.
The Prussian Mercantile Marine have forwarded repre-
sentations to Count Bismarck with a view to obtaining
compensation from France for the losses they have sus-
tained by the war. More than 100 ships have been
captured, and 3,000 have been reduced to inactivity.
The Courrier de St. Quentin says that all the arms and
other matters picked up on the battlefield round St.
Quentin were placed on Wednesday, the 25th ult., in the
Hotel de Vill, whence they they have since been taken to
the Faubourg d'lsle, and thrown into the great pond.
314.9igwy is a hexagon fortress of six bastions and two
cavaliers, with barracks for a garrison of 6,000, and with
powder magazines constructed, like those of Phalsbourg,
in the rock, both being famed for the dryness of their
, chambers. The one fortress is almost a duplicate of the

other.
The Courier de Lyon of the 26th says that 4,000 French
soldiers who had either been wounded or had escaped
from the battles of the 21st, 22nd, and 23rd. January,
under.the walls of Dijon, had arrived at the railway
station at Lyons. Among them were a number of Garj-
baldians..
The Franche Comte says that some fifty Prussian
prisoners, who were being conducted to the railway to be
sent thence to Lyons, succeeded in escaping. Only a score
of them have been recaptured. " Wewish to remark that
this deplorable event scarcely surprises us. This morning
we saw eighty prisoners arrive, guarded by only four
Mobiles. This proportion of guards to prisoners renders
attempts at escape comparatively easy."
A correspondent of the Cologne Gazette, who has since
the beginning of the war traversed the departments occu-
pied by the Germans in various directions, and has had
intercourse with people of all classes, states that during