The Sun.
London, England, 1841-04-07 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDA.Y, APRIL 7. 18411

or powerful aromatic perfumes, scarcely save
them from fainting. They force their
way to' a sick bed, and find painful disease
made more painful by an utter want of cleanli-
ness, by a total exclusion of the balmy air, and by
a system of treatment altogether improper.
They see heaps of putrifying matter lying about,
gutters stopped, and the soil clammy with foul
water, nr want of a means of draining the place.
All the e are great evils, but they are only a
very small part either of society or of the
lives and conditions of the individuals in-
vestigated. Never before, perhapsi were
they or their like, seen by the Commis-
sioners, with whom they have no communion
of feeling; they may even want a common lan-
guage to communicate, for the same words do
not reps esent to different minds the same things,
but on this very temporarY, very slight, and
very imperfect knowledge, a law, or perhaps
a whole system of laws, shall be founded, which
are intended, if not to last through all time, at
least to operate over future generations.
This practical conclusion seems to us not war-
ranted by the facts. Men would hardly act in
their own personal concerns on such very imper-
fect knowledge, but they have no hesitation, at
least the upper classes have no hesitation, when
the lower classes are concerned, to rush upon
them at once with an enactment, and fasten it
upon them as their rule of life. We are thankful].
to Mr. PARKINSON, therefore, for endeavouring
to attract attention to the ignorance of each
other as the great source of much of the misery
of society, and we have only somewhat varied
and extended the application of the principle he
has brought prominently forward.

The debate on Mr. LABOUCUERE'S resolutions,
the evening before last, will be more interesting
to the public than the resolutions themselves.
They are a step in the right path, but the
speeches of the Members went further than
the resolutions, in the same direction. Mr.
GOULBURN, the very model of narrow, bigoted,
restrictive Toryism, had no doubt that the mea-
sure would be advantageous, as applied to the
colonies, but the House .was bound to consider
its ultimate consequences on the whole of the
empire. He cannot help, therefore, being at times a
Benthamite, or an advocate for the greatest good
of the greatest number. Of Mr. LABOUCHERE'S
sentiments it is unnecessary to say more than
that he is the author of the improvements, and
defended them on the principles of free trade.
Mr. COLQUHOUN, a Tory like Mr. GOULBURN, and
the unrelenting foe of his Catholic fellow-country-
men, thought the resolutions did not go far enough,
so that he cannot help being for freedom of trade,
though he is opposed to freedom of conscience.
Mr. HUME'S sentiments are too well known to
require any comment, but he performed a most
valuable service by repelling the foolish accusa-
tions of Lord ASHBURTON, and showing that the
Import Duties Committee deserved none of the
censure which that apostate Lord had heaped
on it.

Mr. HERRIES, another Tory, avowed that he
had always agreed with Mr. HUSKISSON in his
commercial reforms, and declared that all the
colleagues of that Right Hon. Gentleman shared
his convictions. Mr. HERRIES maintained, how-
ever, that Mr. HUSKISSON was not an advocate for
free trade, but for regulated protection, a doctrine
which Lord J. RUSSELL disposed of by pointing
out the folly of attempting by any legislation to
equalize protection amongst all classes of pro-
ducers; now giving an advantage to one, anon to
another, and finally trying to find for all other
classes a compensation. Lord JOHN RUSSELL
declared that it was a vicious system
which sought the advantage of a particular
class instead of seeking the benefit of the
whole. The Noble Lord spoke out boldly ;
and so manfully took the part of Mr. J. D.
HUME, the late Secretary to the Board of Trade,
on account of the evidence given before the Im-
port Duties Committee, which he was not obliged
to do, that we are inclined to suppose that the
Noble Lord sees the improbability of much longer
conducting the affairs of the country on the present
restrictive and suicidal system. He is inclined,
we believe, whenever he can, and he will soon
be able if the commercial community backs
him, to give effect to the principles of free
trade. We can, in fact, state on good authority,
that such is Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S inclination,
and such is, we believe, the wish of the most
enlightened members of the Cabinet; and if they
be not able to act on their inclination, it will be
owing to the supineness of the mercantile and
manufacturing community. A very little exer-
tion on their part now would induce the willing
Ministry to take a very decisive step, and if it
be not taken, the fault will be more in the peo-
ple than in the Ministers.
We have reserved the expression of our satis-
faction at what took place with regard to the
Import Duties to the last. It was cleverly shown
by Mr. HUME and Mr. VILLIERS, and the state-
ments were acquiesced in by Mr. HERRIES and
other men of business, that the Import Duties
Committee was fairly constituted, and the evi-
dence fairly brought forward. Lord ASHBURTON
said it was one-sided—what did he mean ? The
chief evidence was given by Mr. M'GREGOR,
Mr. J. D. HUME, and Mr. PORTER, all of whom
are or have been servants of the Government,
and they spoke of the system of the Govern-
ment. Whom would Lord ASHBURTON have
had called to contradict them? What under-
scrub of the Board of Trade or the Treasury, who
hasbeen chained to a desk for fifty years, did Lord
ASHBURTON wish to have examined? Would he
volunteer his own evidence ? Would he depute his
new ally Mr.GouLuunN, or some man with a name
like THORNEYCROFT, who figures in the ma-
nufacturing districts as a disciple of Lord ASH-
BURTON, and an opponent of Mr. BARING, to be
examined before the Committee ? His Lordship
would be cautious, we suspect, how he subjected
any of his friends to a cross-examination, and
how he exposed himself to be obliged publicly to
reconcile the contradictory statements of Mr.
BARING and Lord ASHBURTON.

The truth is that Lord ASHBURTON, and all
that school of politicians, are quite alarmed at the
facts which the Import Duties Committee
brought to light, and at the manner in which
they were substantiated. They cannot set aside
these fats, they cannot refute them, and these
facts convict Lord ASHBURTON of supporting in his
mature life pestiferous errors which in his earlier
days he fearlessly denounced. Under the weight
of that painful conviction, which he cannot
shake off, the Noble Lord cries aloud with
vexation and anger, that the Committee was
one-sided and unfair. On Monday night the
fallacy of these new excuses of a money-
grubber turned into a lord was made per-
fectly clear, and an additional benefit was con-
ferred on the public by Mr. HUME and Mr. VIL-
LIERS, when they demonstrated that the Noble
Lord had denounced the Committee from igno-
rance arid anger. The debate was a proper con-
clusion of the business before Easter, and is more
worthy of public approbation than all the pre-
vious proceedings since the commencement of
the Session.

The Ottoman fleet came safely to anchor at
the Golden Horn, to the no small delight of the
demure citizens of Constantinople, on the 16th
ult. Some days previously a Council of Foreign
Ministers was held at the palace of Lord PON-
SONBY, at Therapia, when it was unanimously
agreed that the modifications which MEHEMET
ALI required to be made in the firman were
reasonable, and that it should be represented to
the Porte, that if rejected, the SULTAN would
obtain no further support from the Four Powers.
Such a representation would materially assist in
bringing the Eastern Question to a final settle-
ment, and we therefore trust that it has been
made.

fear that in the end the town will become aheap of ruins. After
the earthquake of October 30, which destroyed nearly all the
houses on the island, Zante experienced successive shocks,
more or less strong, during forty days, making the number
amount to no fewer than 259, and during the remainder of
1840, vibration of the earth, more or less perceptib'e, nearly
every day. All the violent shocks were attended with dull
rumbling sounds and subterranean explosions. Sometimes
these noises were heard without being succeeded by any
vibration, and sometimes the shocks were silent. Since 1514
Zante has experienced twenty-one earthquakes. That in
1 l 4 divi ted the hill on which the fortress stood, and buried
part of the ancient town in the ruins. In 1767 the shocks
were repeated for three months, during which an epidemic
disease prevailed. In 1791 the great shock lasted several
minutes, caused immense damage, and was followed by minor
shocks for six weeks. In 1820 the earthquake, which once
more desolated the island, was preceded by a single flash of
lightning. That of 1837 lasted with great intensity for 20
seconds ; and that of 1840 was the most disastrous of all. In
fine, the ui.fortunate island of Zante has suffered during the
sixteenth century two earthquakes ; duringthe 17th three; dur-
ing the eighteenth, ten ; and during the first portion of the
nineteenth century, six."

The whole of the Paris ournals of Monday
have reached us. A bulletin posted at the Bri-
tish Embassy stated that Lord GRANvILLE had
passed a tranquil night, and felt himself much
refreshed on Monday morning.
It is confidently stated by several Parisian
correspondents of German Journals, that France
has signed a treaty, in conjunction with the Four
Powers, for closing the Straits of the Dardanelles
and the Bosphorus against ships of war of all na-
tions, but opening them to all merchant vessels
whatsoever. The 15th ult. is given as the date of
this treaty, which puts an end to the isolation of
France.

We further find it rumoured that Lord PAL-
MERSTON communicated to the French Plenipo-
tentiary in London, a copy of fresh instructions,
which his Lordship had sent Lord PONSONBY,
which were exceedingly favourable to MEHEMET
ALI. The Noble Foreign Secretary accompa-
nied these instructions with the significant inti-
mation, that if Lord PONSONBY found them likely
to place him in an unpleasant position with the
Sublime Porte, his Lordship was at liberty to
return to England for a few months, for the be-
nefit of his health. We cannot of our own
knowledge confirm these statements, but they
are nevertheless exceedingly probable.
The Chamber of Deputies was occupied on
Monday with the joint motion of MM. PAGES
and MAGutx, for diminishing the number of
public functionaries in that Assembly. The whole
number of Deputies does not much exceed 400,
and of this number 179 are functionaries, more or
less dependent upon the bounty of the Crown.
The debate was proceeding when the mails left
for London.

The Papal Nuncio in Switzerland has addressed
a second note to the Federal Government, justi-
fying- his interference in any matter affecting.the
rights of the Roman Catholic Church. Letters
from Rome announce the recal of the Nuncio,
who is to be replaced by Cardinal ANDREA.
The Presse says that, independently of the
troops of the line, 30,000 labourers are to be em-
ployed in carrying on the fortifications. The di-
rectors of the works have ordered 3,000 new
wheelbarrows for the excavators.

We find by the Journal de Toulouse of the 2d instant, that
the domiciliary visits continued at Carcassone on the 30th ult.,
acid that a quantity of papers, brochures, and arms were seized
on that day by the police.
The Journal des Debats publishes a telegraphic despatch,
announcing the departure on the 29th ult of the expedition des-
tined to revictual Me:lealt and Aliliana. The Duke d'Aumale
was at Blidah.

'I he Toulonnaise contains the following news in its number
of March 31, which has reached Paris to day :
There is not a sinele stone left at the Camp of Foudouc,
which has been just abandoned. This is another four millions
thrown away. It is said to be in contemplation to evacuate
the maison carree, the model farm, and lUehelma. These
unaccountable measures excite general dissatisfaction ; people
are quite at a less what to conjecture, and nobody has yet di-
vined the plan of the new Governcr- General. Meantime we
begin to feel the bad effects of the system of General Bugeaud;
they are not such as were expected. The Arabs continue
their p'undering incursions, and, with unheard of audacity,
commit murders in the country almost at the gates of Algiers.—
La Gazette de France.

The Moniteur of the sth of April has no official part. The
Minister announces that her Majesty the Queen of Naples
was happily delivered of a Princess on the 28th of March.
SWITZERLAND.

(From the private correspondence of the Constitutionnel )
BERNE, APRIL 2.—The last four articles of the project of
the Committee have been adopted by an absolute majority of
votes, composed of the twelve States which voted yesterday, in
favour of the Ist article. There being twenty-three Cantons
the absolute (the smallest possible) majority is twelve.—The
2d article invites Argovia to make its decree harmonise with
article twelve of the Federal Compact. Article three fixes the
middle of May as the latest time by which Argovia is to com-
municate its resolutions to the Vorort (the presiding Canton.)
Article four determines that the Diet reserves to itself the
measures to be ultimately taken, in case Argovia should not
conform to the invitation made to it. Article five invites it to
suspend all measures for execating the decree, which suppresses
the convents.
It seems certain that M. Guiznt has offered the mediation of
France to terminate the differences existing between Great
Britain and the United States. This eagerness to relieve the
English Cabinet, our determined enemy, from the embarrass-
ments in which it is involved cannot pass unnoticed. M.
Guizot owes an account to the Chamber of conduct which in a
country where opinions were more energetic, would be consi-
dered as an act of treason, and we hope that the Opposition
will take advantage of the debate en the Supplementary Credit
to question the Minister on the subject. We cannot, how-
ever, believe that M. Guizst, not content with offering his ser-
vices as mediator, has threatened the United States (as a
journal affirms that he has) with an armed intervention.
France invading the United States in favour of England ! It
is an idea too ridiculous to be entertained, even by the men
who abandoned Egypt to the mercy of the Powers.—Le
Courrier Francais.

THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.)

CORN EXCHANGE.

The arrivals of all descriptions of Grain this week have been
moderate. There was little Wheat for sale, and prices were
unaltered from Monday. Barley, Beans, and Peas as last re-
ported. Oats met few buyers, and the rates were unvaried.
Flour as last reported. There will be no market held here on
Friday.
NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL.

The supply of Meat was fair, trade for most descriptions was
good:;"and prices as last quoted. Beef 3s. Bd. to 4s. Bd. ;
Mutton, 4s. to ss. 2d. ; Veal, 4s. Bd. to ss. Bd. ; Pork 43.
to ss. 2d. per stone of bibs. Game and Poultry were in good
supply, and prices as follow :-Hares 25.; Rabbits Is. 3d. to
lc 9d. fur tame, and 6d. to Ild. for wild; Goslings 7s. to
12s. ; Duckling,s6s. to 10s. ; large Surrey Fowls 4s. to 10s. ;
Wild Ducks 6d. to Is. 6d. ; Widgeons 4d. to is. ; Sussex
Chickens 3s. 6d. to ss. ; barndoor ditto ls. 6d. to 2s. 6d. ;
Fowls 3s. to 6s. ; Turkeys ss. to es ; Snipes 6d. to Is. ;
Woodcocks 2s. 6d. to 3s. 6d. ; Plovers 3d. ; Teal 3d. to Is. ;
Guinea Fowls 2s. 6d. to 4s. ; Pea Fowls 7s. to 10s. Live
stork for shipping --Ducks 245. to 275. ; Hens 245. ; Geese
545. ; Turkeys 48s. to 545. ; Guinea Fowls 335. per dozen.
Pigeons for shooting 10s. to 12s. per dozen. Eggs 4s. 6d. to
6s. per 120 ; Plover ditto 6d. per dozen.
TALLOW MARKET.

The demand was good for Russian Tallow, and prices were
firm. P. Y. Candle on the spot, 7s 3d, and for delivery in
the last three months. Sales were made at 48s to 48s 3d
per cwt.
WOOL MARKET.

Prices of both English and Foreign were Srm, but the busi-
ness done was limited. It is expected a better demand will
exist shortly.
COLONIAL MARKET.

In the value of Produce little variation took place, but the
Market was dull. The Home Trade continue to be almost the
exclusive operators. Coffee more in demand, and prices firmer.
703. paid for good ordinary Ceylon.
TEA MARKET.

There was but little business done, buyers, for the most
part, waiting the arrival of news from China, but prices were
firm, and Company's Congou produced Is. 74d. per lb. cash.

SPIRIVAIARKET.

In Brandy the transactions were on a more extended scale
at former prices. Rum difficult of :ale, 2s. 3d. was the value
of Proof Leewards.

FRUIT MARKET.

Prices had further given way for both Currants and Raisins ;
the Home Trade buy with caution, but for export several par-
cels of Fruit have been taken.

LLOYD'S SHIPPING-4TH/S DAY.)

PRESIDENT STEAMER.

A letter from Liverpool says, " that the report of the
London Papprs of yesterday of a large steamer having been
seen steering for Fayal, or one of the Western Islands, by a
vessel that arrived here on Sunday, is without any foundation.
5, 30 p. m. —There is no account whatever of the President
steamer, or any other steamer supposed to be her, since she
was last seen by the Orpheus, very early on the morning of
the 12th ult. I mention this to obviate the many absurd ru-
mours afloat."

LoNnori, APRIL 7.—Wind this day at noon, S. S.E. cloudy.
DEAL, APRIL 6.—Wind N. E.,— Arrived from the River,
and sailed, the Rajah, for Hobart Town ; Briton, Evans, Mau-
ritius; Shannon, Bermuda; British Queen, St. John's, New
Brunswick ; Pusey Hall, Ware, Quebec ; James Harris, ditto ;
Camden, ditto ; Elizabeth, ditto ; Kingston, ditto ; Cid, Agri-
unago, St. Ander, Brunswick.
PORTSMOUTH, APRIL 6. —Wind E.N.E—Sailed the Strath-
eden, Wolfe, for Port Phillip; Hendrik Jann, Wapp, Bata-
via ; Margaretha, Johanna, ditto ; Anna Robertson, Hamil-
ton, Madras ; Symmetry, Mackwood, Ceylon ; Mary Ann,
Madeira : Tulloch Castle. ditto ; Wellington, Chadwick, New
York ; Bride of Abydos, Weakner, Smyrna; Mr. Thompson,
Palermo; Robert Henry Allen, Storey, Gibraltar; Bristol,
Quebec; Everthorpe, ditto.
SOUTHAMPTON, APRIL 6.--Arrived the Leeds (steamer),
from Gibraltar.

FALMOUTH APRIL 5. —Wind W.N.W., fresh breezes.—
Sailed the Tagus (steamer), for Vigo, &c. Put back the
Elizabeth, Jackson, for Barbadoes.

CowEs.—Sailed the Abberton, for Sydney ; Chas. Quint,
Havannah ; Ferrolano, St. Jago de Cuba.
POOLE, APRIL 6.—Arrived the Magdalena, Bohn, from Al-
tona. Sailed the Anglicomia, for Quebec.
TEIGNMOUTIT' APRIL 6.—Sailed, the Friendship, Toke, for
Newfoundland ; Active, Nickols, ditto.
GUERNSEY, APRIL 3.—Sailed, the William, for Port
Adelaide. An American balk, 49 feet long, one square, and
marked T I, was picked up off the bell of Portland, by the
Virginia, arrived here.
MILFORD, APRIL s.—Arrived the Eldon, from Quebec.
WORKINGTON, APRIL s.—Sailed Bowes, Johnston, Quebec.
DUBLIN, APRIL 4.—Arrived, the Elizabeth, of Lancaster,
King, from Honduras, with loss of boats, bulwarks, sails, &c.
KINGSTOWN, APRIL s.—Arrived, the Sillartin, from St.
John's, New Brunswick.

GLOUCESTER, Aram s.—Sailed the Hope, Scott, from
Quebec ; Briton, ditto.
LIVERPOOL, Arm, 6.—Wind S., light. Arrived—Lati-
mer, Hill, Charente. Sailed—Ercole, Genoa; Lereya, Lisbon;
Aurora, Mundez, Oporto; Autumnus, White, Syasey ; Per-
severance, Corkhill, do. ; Science, St. Vincent ; Hope,
M'Gowan, Savannah ; Mary, Kingsland ; Weare, New York ;
Jane Augusta, do. ; Agnes Ecourz, M'Lean, Halifax ; Mi-
nerva, Crawford, Sydney ; C. B. John, Quebec; Jane, do ;
Mir, Zupper, Trieste ; Mazeppa, Jordan, Malta. The Vic-
toria, hence to Barbadoes, anchored off Crookhaven, April 3,
for a supply of water, having had her water-casks stove, and
lost stern boat.

HULL, APRIL 6.—Wind N.E. Sailed—Trinidal, Sierra
Leone ; Venerable, Quebec; Cove, do. ; William and Ann,
Bahia.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.

CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK.

LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, APRIL 6.—We have had
an unsually dull Market to-day, the sales not comprising more
than 1,000 bales, which have been taken wholly by the trade
on speculation or for export. Nothing whatever doing.
LIVERPOOL SHARE...MARKET, APRIL 6.—The Market at
the Stock Exchange has not been so animated as yesterday, but
a good business has been done. The following are the trans-
actions :—Chester and Birkenhead, New, 17 ; Eastern
Counties, debentures, 71. 16s. 9d. ; Edinburgh and Glasgow, 34;
Grand Junction, half-shares, 105; Chester and Crewe, 54;
Lancaster and Preston, New, 24%; London and Birmingham,
New, 24i.
No news of the President. The excitement has continued
beyond anything we ever knew relative to shipping.
MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, APRIL 6.—There is an
improvement in Railway Stock : —Lancaster and Preston, 331-;
Great Western, Fifths, 11A; Manchester and Leeds, Halves,
283/4 ; London and South Western, 56i ; Ditto, Tenths;'
21. as. ; Grand Junction, 209 210 ; Manchester and Birming-
ham, 2434.

The French Papers state that Commodore Napier left Alex-
andria on the let of March, to proceed to Marmorizza, from
whence it is stated he will go to Candia and Malta.
According to the Augsburg Gazette it is stated that before
Napier left Egypt he when to Cairo, where he had a gland con-
ference with Ibraham Pacha.