The Sun.
London, England, 1840-06-04 00:00:00

POCKET GRAND HORIZONTAL,
From 55 guineas

80

IMPERIAL GRAND HORIZONTAL,
From 75 guineas t0...... 125
The above Instruments are all equally well manufactured and
prepared for extreme climates.
The Piccolo stands 3 feet 8 inches high, and ;:the Pocket
Grand is only 5 feet 4 inches long.
A liberal allowance to Exporters and Dealers.
This extensive reduction has been drawn from the Adver-
tiser as a measure of protection to his New Piccolo Piano-
forte ; the success of which has induced certain Manufacturers to
announce and sell Instruments of a different character under the
same name, by which the public are deceived and the Inventor
injured.

------R--em
PATRONISED BY THE ROYAL FAMILY.--
The following eminent authorities have examined, and recom-
mended the Patent Spectacles of Mr. E. Solomons, Nos. 36,
Benjamin C.
Old Bond-street, and 1, Old Jewry, City. They possess con-
siderable advantages over 'the ordinary glasses, are lighter in
construction, and convey a beautiful coolness to weak or in-
flamed eyes—are invaluable assistants to persons reading writ-
Helen's-
ing, &c. by day, or lamps and other strong lights at night
;8/3t.ransby B.
they preserve vision to extreme old age :—Sir
, New street
Brodie, Bart., F. R. S. ; Sir Anthony Carlisle, F. R. s. .
Sir
James E. Anderson, N.D., New Burlington-street; Dr. james
pJloalres;oniTSarutffinol
Nlcv-palraec,e;
Esq.,C. .lAvsetwon
BKriedyg,e..Estsrqe.e,t
Cooper, Esq., F.R. S., Surgeon to Guy's Hospital
Spring-gardens ; W. Coulson, Esq., Frederick-place, Old
Jewry; J. G. Andrews, Esq., Senior Surgeon to the London
Hospital, St. Helen's place; Dr. Conquest, Finsbury-square
John Scott, Esq., New Broad-street; E. W. Duffin, Esq.,
Langham-place ; J. Copland, Esq., M.D., F.R. S., Bulstrode-
street, Manchester-square. Mr. E. Solomons' Voice Conduc-
tors are worn unperceived, as they measure only one quarter of
an inch in diameter. By their use musical sounds, and the
lowest whisper breathed at a public assembly, vibrate on the or-
gans of hearing in such a pleasant manner as to afford instant
relief to all persons labouring under the distressing ailment of
deafness. Mr. E. S. being totally unconnected with parties of
a similar name, the above inventions can only be procured at
his Establishments, No. 1, Old Jewry, City, and 36, Old Bond-
street, Piccadilly.
MANCHESTER AND BIRMINGHAM RAIL-
WAY.--OPENING OF THE LINE TO STOCKFORT.—The open-
iiig to the public of the first and most northerly portion of
this line, from Manchester to Stockport, a distance of not quite
six miles, will take place to-morrow (this day).—Manchester
Guardian of Wednesday.

The following is a correct copy of the letter :
" My Lord,—Your Lordship having kindly consented
to receive public subscriptions in conformity with a re-
quest made to you by a deputation which had the
honour of waiting on you last Tuesday, on behalf of the
distressed and aggrieved British auxiliaries, who assisted
to place the Queen of Portugal on her Throne, and in
preventing the Queen of Spain from Icing dethroned,—
I beg leave to redeem the pledge which I then made to
your Lordship of subscribing 504 on behalf of the fOre-
going objects, and have the pleasure to enclose a draft on
my banker for this amount.

" It may not be improper here to give a brief outline
of the heart-rending position in whic these ill-treated
persons are placed, since their oircumstances have been
but faintly brought before the public, and have accord-
ingly made but a slight and passing impression.
The case of the claimants on the Spanish Govern-
ment stands thus :—ln harmony with the Quadruple
Treaty made in 1834, the British Government sus-
pended the Foreign Enlistment Bill, and invited British
half-pay officers and man to enter the Spanish service,
in order to perfect the formation of the British Legion
under General Sir De Lacy Evans. Officers on full
pay were also granted leave of absence to assist the Le-
gion. The British Government and its deputed autho-
rities were in constant communication with this Legion,
and were frequently the medium through which the
contracts with the Spanish Government were regulated.
" Notwithstanding these circumstances, the Spanish
Government owe to the officers and men nearly
300,0001., having granted them paper acknowledgments
for the same, which, if sold in the London market,
would not fetch a third of the nominal amount.
"Three years have now elapsed during the struggle
of these claimants to recover the arrears due to them.
" With regard to the British who were in the service
of the Queen of Portugal, although the British Govern-
ment did not nominally suspend the Foreign Enlistment
Bill, they did so virtually, as no impediment was offered
to the recruiting. The British authorities advanced the
Queen's cause wherever they could. The British
Minister at Lisbon directly and openly interfered, and
Queen's opponent,
The quadruple
wn ehgi
loscti ated
besieged with a
at
Dt
hoen
fort Miguel,
of s a ntthaer a
in
alliance at this particular juncture had taken, or was
taking, place, and the British Minister finally saved Don
Miguel's life, by seeing him safely conveyed from the
clutches of the Queen's troops on board the Stag
frigate. On the settlement of the claims of the British
troops by the Portuguese treasury, the ()signal contract
of having British pay, &e., was violated. The dissen-
tients to such injustice were ill-treated ; and as the
authorities of the British Government would not lend
them their protection, they naturally fell the victims of
the grossest dishonesty and the greatest tyranny ; so
that what with their disputed and undisputed claims on
the Portuguese Government, they cannot fail to have
less than 300,0001. due to them. They have been
from six to seven years in trying to recover
them, and • have only succeeded up to the
present time, after all their anxiety, and
exertions, in getting a Commission sent to
ersnine into the accounts, who will doubtless take
care that the claims are not decided upon over speedily.
After which the Portuguese Government will most
probably take example from the Spanish Government,
and pay them off in paper money of similar value to that
which has been given to the British Legion. Appeals,
my Lord, have been made to both Houses of Parlia-
ment to compel the Peninsular Governments to pay
their claims, but I regret to say that the proper appeal
remains to be made, and that is to the British Govern-
ment to undertake the payment of those claims, and
to apply to the Peninsular Governments for indemnifi-
cation, which, by every principle of honour and justice,
common honesty and common humanity, the British
Government arc bound to do. The British Ministers
have frequently stated that they were sanguine that
their mediations on behalf of the claimants ,would
be successful. If they were sincere in what they stated,
there surely would not have been any great risk in their
accommodating the Peninsular Governments by making
these advances, nor would there be any irregularity, since
they have advanced the Spanish Government by way of
munitions of war, exc., from 600,0001. to 700,000/. The
Marquis of Londonderry explained to me, last Wedness
day, that when he stated in the House of Lords that he
should move an address to the Queen for proper steps
to be taken for the immediate settlement of the claims
of the British Legion serving in Spain, he by no means
meant that the British Government should pay the
debt, but that the British Government should compel
the Spanish Government to do so.' I do not, therefore,
I regret to say, perceive that the position of the
claimants will be improved by his Lordship's address,
since I consider the present relations between this country
and Spain so peculiar that the British Government
would prefer paying the debt a dozen times over rather
than adopt any system of compulsion whatever. Ge-
neral Sir De Lacy Evans is at this time at Madrid,
negotiating with that Government for the settlement of
their claims. But, when I bear in mind the immense
arrears due to the English bondholders, and the awk-
ward exposes which have in consequence taken place,
coupled with the fact, that Lord Melbourne stated, on
the 9th instant, that Sir De Lacy Evans was not in-
vested with any power from the British Government in
respect to this visit, I cannot for a moment allow my
mind to be deluded by looking forward to this negotia-
tion with any hope of success.
" Having thus stated, as briefly as possible, the
grounds on which these claims rest, the painful history
of the constant but unsuccessful struggles to recover
them, and the forlorn position of the claimants, it can-
not tail to be convincing to the commonest understand-
ing that where a sum of from .500,000/. to 600,0001.
has remained so long due to persons circumstanced
as the claimants necessarily must be, it will have en-
tailed upon them sufferings of the most heart-rending
description. Then, my Lord, I stated to the public
meeting of the auxiliaries, whose haggard counte-
nances and deplorable condition it was distress-
ing to a degree to behold, that I felt convinced the
fatigues, dangers, and hardships which they en-
dured during the civil war in the Peninsula,
were by no means to be compared to the mental
anxiety, constantly disappointed hopes, domestic afflic-
tions and derangements, and privations of all descrip-
tions to which they had been subjected whilst struggling
to recover their claims,—theY, with one unanimous
burst of approval, said it was so ; and when, my Lord,
I urged them to appeal to the Lord Mayor of London
for the purpose of opening a public subscription in their
behalf, until their claims were settled, the suggestion
was seized hold of with the most eager avidity, whilst
the numerous brightened countenances, so lately the
picture of despair, convinced me that. they felt the ap-
peal would not be made in vain, smceti the Mayoralty of
London has been at all times distinguished for its sym-
pathy for suffering humanity.
" Where so much generosity and good feeling exist,
it becomes unnecessary for me to say that if the dis-
tresses of foreigners have obtained the sympathy of
your Lordship and your predecessors, the present p(?.
sition of our distressed and betrayed countrymen is
peculiarly deserving of it, and I feel confident that it
will, when properly known, meet with that generous
support from our kind-hearted countrymen which it is
so fully entitled to. I beg further to add, that hav-
ing given, eleven years ago, a handsome sum of money
towards the relief of the Spanish emigrants in this coun-
try, exiled from their own for defending the cause of
liberty in opposition to absolutism, my conscience would
tell me that my philanthropy was of a very equivocal
description if I could now tura a deaf ear to the more
urgent claims of my own countrymen suffering from the
very same cause.
" May the great and just God who watches over us
all, the beggar and the prince alike, who sees into the
inmost recesses of our hearts, and knows the secret
springs of all our movements, grant success to our pre-
sent undertaking, and a blessing upon you for affording
it your exalted protection.
" With sentiments of the greatest respect, I have the
honour to be, my Lord, your Lordship's most obedient
and much obliged servont,
,‘ CHARLES COCHRANE.
" 26, Devonshire-place, Saturday, May 30, 1840."

LORD ROSSMORE.— islt impossible to say
how long his Lordship may linger—every hour diminishes his
strength, and at present life is sustained merely by the effects
of medical skill, acting on a strong and tenacious constitution.

THE MORNING POST VERSUS NAPOLEON.
(From the Morning Post of yesterday.)
His Majesty Frederick William 111. of Prussia was
born on the 3d of August, 1770. He succeeded to his
father Frederick William 11. on the 16th November,
1797. In 1810 he lost his first consort, daughter of
the Duke of Mecklenburgh-Strelitz—the lovely Prin-
cess who endured such trials under the iron hand of
Napoleon, and whose beautiful cenotaph every traveller
in those regions has visited. He subsequently was
united in 1834, by a morganatic marriage, to the Prin-
cess of Liegnitz, daughter of Count Ferdinand de Har-
rach. Although his Majesty was not above seventy
years of age, the fatigues of war, and still more the
severe trials of the agitated times in which he had
lived, had been such as to produce that senility which
• is not reckoned by the number of years. Our readers
are too familiar with the history of the last forty
years to require that we should recall the vicissi-1
tudes of his life. After the battles of Jena and
Friedland this lamented Sovereign was nearly deprived
of sovereignty altogether. After the latter decisive
conflict the Marshal Duke de Bellune may be said to
have reigned in the name of Buonaparte at Berlin,
whilst the King of the country, by permission of the
devastating Emperor, was allowed to drag out his exist-
ence in retirement and sorrow at the suburban Palace
of Charlottenburgh. Even when the union of all
Europe against Napoleon bad driven him from the
throne, tho population--of the dominions of Frederick
William, which amounts at the present day to more
than 13,000,000 did not reach 5,000,000.
For many years past the continuance of the life of
'this truly amiable Sovereign was a subject of anxiety to
the representatives of all the great Courts of Europe.
We may mention here, as an instance, a well-known
anecdote. ;His Majesty, suffering some years ago from
one of those occasional attacks of debility consequent
upon the former fatigues and trials of his life, fell down
the main stairs of his Palace. The Ambassador of one
of the great Powers not being able exactly to ascertain
the degree to which this accident had affected the
important life of the Prussian Monarch, had a
diagram and plan made of the stairs, the steps
being marked with the letters of the alphabet. " The
King of Prussia," said he, in his despatch to his Court,
" slipped at A, dropped down at B, was launched over
the following letters, his head struck upon R, and he
laid prostrate at Z. Now let your Excellency consult
the architects and physicians, and let them' give you an
idea of what effect such a fall may produce on.a man of
his years."
If such importance was assigned to the event of the
death of Frederick William, how much greater is it at
the present day. To him is principally to be attributed
the peace that reigns amongst the great Powers of
Europe at this moment. He it was who admitted Louis
Philippe amongst legitimate Sovereigns of the Continent,
and allowed of the marriage of the latter's eldest son,
which
race. leas
We consolidated
that
s a tftherro
tnhee an d
great
pe perpetuated u a
campaignse d his
race.
is
of
1814, even then the territories of the King of Prus-
sia numbered only 5,000,000 souls. The re-
mainder of the present kingdom has been made up
of the Rhenish provinces of Stralsund and the Isle
of Rugen, of half of Saxony, of a portion of Po-
land, &c., forming a most heterogeneous mass of subjects,
and an empire of whose extraordinary form and posi-
tion one may at once have an idea by casting a glance at
the map of Europe. To these dominions, several States of
which enjoyed a Government of their own before the
conquests of the French revolution, a constitution was
pacifically promised, without its nature being defined,
at the great Congress after the war. The difficulty to
accomplish this, to amalgamate the whole, and to suit
the tastes and habits of such widely differing nations,
was of course immense. The implicit reliance placed
in his late Majesty made his subjects remain in peace,
and obey him to the last ; and even when the tenets of
the Roman Catholic religion very lately deeply agitated
his subjects, be was enabled, through the affection borne
to his person, and the respect in which his character
was held, to allay the storm. He appeased the feuds
betwixt his aristocratical and democratical subjects by
even-handed justice, and by a fusion and promotion of
distinguished members of the middle classes, one of
whom was the late Professor Ancillon, his Minister for
Foreign Affairs, who, with Count Lottum, Baron Alten-
stein, Baron de Humboldt, recently Ministers of State,
have preceded their master to the grave.
What will be the result of the loss of so gifted and con-
ciliating a Monarch nobody can as yet foretell. The
Prince Royal, now Frederick William IV., is forty-five
years of age. He is infinitely more erudite and gifted
upon general subjects than his father, but he has been
generally known to entertain opinions widely different
from those of his sire. An uncompromising enemy of
revolution generally, and that of France in particular,
connected as he is with Russia, upon which empire
Prussia must ever rest as its greatest ally in its rivalry
with Austria, in the German Confederation, it has been
generally apprehended that his succession to the throne
might seriously involve that peace, under God's Pro.
vidence, at present reigning on the Continent. We
have reason, however, to believe that there has only
been, on the part of tilt: Prince Royal, that resistance
to the councils of the reigning Sovereign which has al-
most always oharaeterised, in all kingdoms of Europe,
the heir to the throne. Pa:ticularly since his last jour-
ney through, and residence in the Rhenish provinces,
and his becoming acquainted with their strong demo-
cratic and religious prejudices, the present Sovereign is
said to have modified his opinions to the advantage of
peace. We have only to add that, next to the decease
of Louis Philippe, no event could more profoundly
agitate the Cabinets of Europe than the demise of the
virtuous Sovereign on whose grave we have respect-
fully cast these few hasty details.—Morning Post.

NAPOLEON'S CHARACTER OF' THE KING.
At Tilsit Alexander and the King of Prussia used
frequently to occupy themselves in contriving dresses
for dragoons ; debating upon what button the Crosses
of the Orders ought to be hung, and such other foole-
ries. They fancied themselves on an equality with the
best Generals in Europe, because they knew how many
rows of buttons there were upon a dragoon's jacket.
could scarcely keep from laughing sometimes, when I
heard them discussing these coglioneric with as muoh
gravity and earnestness as if they were planning an im-
pending action between 200,000 men. I was the most
ignorant of us three in military affairs. These two
Sovereigns, especially the King of Prussia, were com-
pletely au fait as to the number of buttons there ought
to be in front of a jacket, how many behind, and the
manner in which the skirts ought to be cut. Not a
tailor in the army knew better than King FREDERICK,
how many measures of cloth it took to make a jacket.
In fact I was nobody in comparison with them. They
continually tormented me with questions about
matters belonging to tailors, of which I was en-
tirely ignorant, though in order not to affront
them, I answered just as gravely as if the fate
of an army depended upon the cut of a jacket.
When I went to see the King of Prussia, instead of a
library I found he had a large room, like an arsenal,
furnished with shelves and pegs, in which were placed
fifty or sixty jackets of various modes. Every day ho
changed his fashion, and put on a different ono: He
was a tall, dry-looking fellow, and would give a good
idea of Don Quixote. He attached more importance
to the cut of a dragoon or a hussar uniform, than was
necessary for the salvation of a kingdom. If the French
army at Jena had been commanded by a tailor the
King of Prussia would certainly have gained the day,
from his superior knowledge in that art ; but as victo-
ries depend more upon the skill of the General com-
manding the troops, than upon that of the tailor who
makes their jackets, be consequently failed."