The Sun.
London, England, 1847-05-24 00:00:00

BUSHIRE.

The following interesting letter is from Bushire, dated
the 2d of February. After describing the anxiety with
which he looks for the mail from Bagdad, the writer
says—

I am going out to a small cottage I have built about
fourteen miles from this, inland; it cost me about 601.
At first the King of Persia interdicted my building it,
as he feared we should do as we did in India, fortify
these small demesnes, and so get on by degrees. They
had a most absurd report that we intended to cut a canal
to where these buildings are, and that I should then
tiring the ships to them. I believe it was referred to
Lord Aberdeen, who, through our envoy, convinced the
Shah that it was simply a habitation of the smallest de-
scription to avoid the extreme heat of the sea coast in
the hot season ; the plan on which it is erected having
the singular property of being very cool during the nignt
and morning, and the wind blowing across the heated
sands during the day, becomes so exceedingly dry and
rarified, that by means of tattys, a sort of grass from
India, called cuskuss, fitted in frames to the dbors (the
same being kept constantly wet), it is made artificially
extremely cool and pleasant, so that the harder and
hotter it blows the quickei the evaporation, and conse-
quently the cooler the inside of the mansion. I have not
et seen my dwelling, but I understand from others,
that it is a very nice one, larger. than the resident's. I
nave had stained glass windows made for it, and have
already secured a purchaser in my successor when I
quit the command. I have a garden to it, for I believe a
ssilor would not give much for a house without one. I
have had 'ots of seeds put in. Igo out for the first
,one this week, and intend passing a week or ten days
there, for change of air, and hope to get a little sport-
ing, as there are wild hog and antelope, and wild duck
and teal, and the boburrah, a very game bird, between
the bustard and florican, about half as large again as a
pheasant. I have been purchasing a few more carpets
in addition to those I have got in use, and I dare say you
will be able to complete your drawing room with these,
As I have had an eye to its size, but it must be by side
and end carpets ; this is the fashion of the country, and
I do not think it looks ill.
"I must now tell you that the winter here has been
attended with much loss to the native craft or ship-
ping, many large boats having been lost from the
severity of the weather, it blowing very hard from
different quarters, and the sudden shifts of wind in
a confined sea being very dangerous ; as vessels, to
escape from the danger of one wind, anchor so that
when the wind shifts, which generally takes place in
the night, they are thrown on the island or point of
land from which with the other wind they had obtained
shelter. I have just despatched the Elphinstone,_ one
of the sloops of my squadron, to the assistance of the
Deriah Dowlet, a Buglah (large boat) of some 400
tons, which report announced to have been wrecked
about eight miles from this on a dangerous point of
a shoal, whither she had run in the night for shelter,
and before morning a sudden shift of .wind to the
northwest drove her on it, and it is reported that all
but seven men are lost. She had, crew and passengers,
180 odd on board; but I do not listen to any reports
until I get a letter from Captain Lowe, of the Elphin•
stone. There is about 30,0001. of property in her,
part of it treasure. I sent a diver in the Elphinstone, in
the event of the money or cargo being recoverable ; a
number of other boats have been lost ; this ought to
prevent the merchants of this place from trusting their
money in the native boats, our ships occasionally going
down take a small quantity of treasure, rarely realising
more than 1001. to the captain, of which an eighth
comes of right to me. Should the Elphinstone
recover the property from the wreck of the
Deriah Dowlet, a very large salvage would be awarded
of which a sixteenth would come to me, but _

I gm not over sanguine, and would a deal rather have
saved a few of her crew or passengers. I have been
reading a memoir of Major Rawlinson's on the Cuni-
form or arrow-headed character ; I think it one of the
most curious works of modern times ; you must get
It ; I have no doubt Richardson can procure it for you.
Her Majesty has desired that it may be dedicated to
herself, and offered the author knighthood, which he
has, I understand, refused ; be has nearly mastered the
language. and given a translation first in Latin and
afterwards in English. of a long inscription cut on the
titce of a rock in Behistan, in Persia, by the order of
Darius, of the principal events of his reign, couched
in very beautiful and scriptural-like style, and with all
the brevity of the ancients; this has been a dead lan-

guage to the world these 2,000 years; the whole credit
. is not Major Rawlinson's, as many orientalists on the
continent have busied themselves since the commence-
ment of this century, but the Major, who is a resident of
Liagdad, has succeeded more pre-eminently than
others from his knowledge of Sanscrit, and other
eastern languages, the same inscription being cut
in two languages—the Medean and Cuniform. I had a
letter from him the other day, in which he mentioned
that he had made every preparation for receiving me at
ICerman shah, about halfway between Bagdad and Ispa-
han, and had stationed horses and men to assist me, a
most liberal and kind arrangement for my comfort,
had I gone down from thence to this via Bagdad.
I believe he is princely in his hospitality, and I
almost feel vexed that I should have put him to so
much trouble for nothing. I have yet a hankering
after paintings. and have ordered four to be :painted by
a Persian artist at Shiraz. I have already two, one
by the artist (whom I have desired to paint me two
more) exquisitely finished. I have furnished him
with two sheets of copper, to paint another subject,
flowers, fruit, and birds. These paintings I have not
yet had heart to part with on a chance voyage, and so
think of keeping them with me until I go myself to
old England. My two horses here, that carried me up.
wards of 800 miles, up to Lpahan and back, without
being sick or sorry one day on the journey, carne down
to the coast in excellent condition, are a good proof of
the blood and bottom of the Arabian. I have had them
now nearly two years, and shall most probably sell them
to advantage in Bombay, as a great many horses have
perished this season by shipwreck ; in the Deriah Dow-
let eighty horses were lost.; in another boat eighty-
three horses were drowned ; in another some sixty were
lost ; so Bombay must be in a bad way fur horseflesh,
and the supply annually is not very great; I dare say
my half-breds would fetch a high price, and win every
thing on the course ; that, however, might or might
not happen, don't alarm yourself, I am not going
to try. My companions in my projected trip into
the country, are very busily getting themselves
ready for sport; they are the young officers of the
Euphrates, a ten-gun brig; you may depend upon
it they are right merry at the thought; I am to
have them three at a time, one set on at a
time. My man Abbass has informed me he shall
require twelve donkies to carry the necessaries.
I have three Persian servants, a cook, (Portuguese
christian), and horsekeeper; they all require a donkey
each, and one for my horse's clothes ai.d necessaries.
The Persian donkeys are famous, go at a good pace
without trouble, and are a good size. I expect also
two or three visitors. My butler, par excellence, Mr.
Abbass, a clever young Persian, makes capital marma-
lade of an orange grown at Kassaroon just like the
Seville orange, 50 for a shilling: the middies eat im
mensities ; it is made with sugar candy."

THE THREE COUSINS, A NOVEL, BY MRS. TROL-
LOFE.—" The Three Cousins" is equal to any of Mrs.
Trollope'e former productions. The personages are well
discriminated. The Bishop of Solway, whose virtues
are all of the negative character—the proud, crafty, ty-
rannical, selfish, yet intellectual, Sir Jonah Lexington—
the handsome roué, Mr. Edward, his nephew—the
pretty, heartless, coquettish, Mrs. Cobhurst—the gay,
mischievous, Lord Brittington—the meek Bishop's lady
—the subdued, broken-spirited Frederic, brought up as
the natural son of Sir Jonah—and the lovely, natural,
unpretending Laura, the only child of Mr. Edward Lex-
ington, and the heiress of Sir Jonah, make up a most
rfective corps of characters, and are managed with a
;Teat deal of constructive skill.—Brit innia.
WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET, MAY 21.—The ar-
rivals of wheat continue small. but so great a portion of
the demand for flour is now met by barrels from Liver-
pool, that millers buy extremely sparingly, and the im-
provement of 2s. per quarter which was established on
Tuesday is lost to clay, and barely last week's rates o b..
tained. Barley slow, at rather less money. Oats and
shelling also each a shade lower, and beans slow without
alteration in value. The high prices of grain seem now
to check the demand for all articlee.

DEEP-SEA FISHING.
KEEP THE GOLD IN THE COUNTRY.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR,—How can it be wondered at that the amount of
gold once in ihis country has of late years so rapidly left
it? And now that the reason is justly understood, wh3
not immediately commence and prevent a further re-
currence of the evil? The great number of the inhabi
tants of this country that have of late years been fed
not only upon foreign grain, but also upon foreign beef,
pork, butter, cheese, &c., has unquestionably been the
cause of the drain of gold—as foreigners knowing that
these are necessaries of life, that hungry people will buy
whatever they should barter in return, when they bring
their provisions to our markets, and find that money is
of more value to them than to exchange for our own
merchandise—so they take away our gold. It must be
quite evident to any one, that on islands like Great
Britain and Ireland, where the population is so rapidly
increasing (end they cannot cut away into the back•
woods as in America, and forage for themselves), unless
the food natural to this country is increased in the same
ratio with the growing population, we must depend
upon foreigners (who have a surplus) for provi-
sions ; and if it so be that those foreigners who sup.
ply us with food have improved their machinery and
manufactures in articles they hitherto required from us
(in considerable quantities) to such an extent, that now
they will not require so much of our goods in proportion-
able exchange for their commodities, which is here daily
increasing in demand, the balance of exchange in trade,
by bartering merchandise, will be lost to this country,
and the foreigners take away our gold for their provi
sions. Where, then, will be the great wonder if, in the
course of time, every coin will be drained from our own
coffers, unless some urgent measures are speedily
adopted to draw forth the food natural to the country
for the increasing population. If labour is to be consi-
dered wealth, how many thousands and tens of thou-
sands of men might be all successfully employed in pro
secuting the deep-sea fisheries ? Thus would they not
only be coining wealth for themselves, but also increasing
food for the inhabitants, both in this and other countries,
where they are fond of fish. An increased supply of filh
here would keep down the price of butcher meat and
poultry—lessen the demand for foreign salted pork, beef,
cheese, and butter, with all the other et ceteras—and
keep the gold in the country.—l am, &c.
Edinburgh, May 18, 1847.

H. DEMPSTER.

SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING THE
AMEND,VENT OF THE LAWS.
TO TILE EDITOI? OF THE SUN.
Court of Bankruptcy, London,
May 22, 1847.
Sza,----The Lord Chancellor has proposed to the
House of Lords a Bill to consolidate and amend the
Bankrupt Law. Lord Brougham has also a Bill on
the same subject. Neither of them attempts to abo-
lish the power of the individual creditor to seize pro-
perty for his own sole and exclusive use. Yet the
existence of this power is the greatest evil of the ex-
isting law. It is the instrument by means of which
every fraudulent debtor cheats his creditors.
In 1844 I printed a short outline of a plan for
amending the law of Debtor and Creditor, containing
ten propositions, of which the sixth was in these

words :----
" Abolish executivm against property at the suit of
individual creditors, and substitute seizure, as in bank-
ruptcy, and thus have only one seizure and one expense.
"If a debtor, adjudged to pay a debt, does not pay it,
the strong presumption is, that it is because he cannot.
If so, he is an insolvent ; for if he cannot pay one creditor,
a fortiore, he cannot pay all. If he is insolvent there is
no reason why his property should be seized by one for
his exclusive benefit, to the prjudice of the rest ; that
one being always either a fictitious creditor in league
with the debtor, or if a real creditor, either a favoured
one, or the most harsh, exacting, and selfish. Execution
against property, to au honest creditor, is generally not
only useless but ruinous ; for, after the creditor has
seized, a claimant to the property starts up, and it is im-
possible in the nature of things for the creditor to know
whether the claim is good or not ; he either withdraws
after having incurred considerabl expense, or enters
into the contest, and is defeated by a fraudulent bill of
sale, which he has no possible means of proving to be
fraudulent."
In 1846, I submitted to the Society for the Amend-
men of the Law (21, Regent-street), a paper on the
same subject, which I enclose. I sent both papers to
all the law Lords, but seemingly to no purpose.
If the paper makes the impression on your mind
which I cannot but anticipate that it must make upon
any mind not blinded by law prejudices, I hope you
will advocate the reform I wish to promote.
The common law has always sanctioned the doctrine
of preferences amongst creditors ; Chancery and
Bankruptcy havelsanctioned equality of payment. Both
doctrines cannot be right. Surely we need not hesi-
tate between them. The common law doctrine may
give all to a knave in league with a debtor, under
the Chancery and Bankruptcy doctrine the honest
creditor must get something.
Your obedient servant.
S. M. FANE.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sin,—A Coroner's Inquest was held yesterday at
Hampstead, on another case of infanticide ; con-
nected herewith, allow me to mention a nuisance
bearing on sanatory regulations—the supply of water,
and the character of many dwellings of the poor.
The infant's body was taken from the pond in which
it was found to an empty house; while performing
the post mortem, the gentleman who assisted, and my-
self, were immensely annoyed by fleas—troops of
fleas. When we left the house several hundreds of
them must have been on our clothes. On reaching
home, the linen was carefully rolled up and put into
scalding water ; the dead bodies, next day, might
have been swept off. Coats and other outer gar-
ments have required sulphur fumigation, and subse-
quently drenching in the garden. I have known two
or three instances of poor families coming to reside
in houses as infested as this. Imagine a working
man and his family having, in such rooms in which
we were but an hour,—children, beds, husband, wife,
huddled together—bad ventilation and drainage,
little or no water.
Some years ago, I was directed by a medical
student, of general intelligence, to visit a case of
"eruptive fever of suspicious character." I found
the poor child covered, literally covered with " flea
bites," acute, sub-acute, and chronic. On my telling
as much to the good dame, she replied, smiling, "La,
Sir, is that all ! well, we do swarm with fleas • one
might sweep them up ; but the boards are so old, and
the child is a stranger, and not used to them." Ohl
Mr. Editor, it is a sad thing when use makes a human
skin like a rhinoceros' hide ; there is a cause, too, to
suspect that something like moral fleas often turn
amiable sensibilities into hardened Devils.
Hampstead, so far from being worse than other
places, as some would idly fancy, has a thousand
claims beyond most others for salubrity; to dwell on
which, would be "to paint the rose.' It is true, it
may be, that some matters I have published in a
recent pamphlet, are not worse than they sere thirty
years ago ; that there is nothing new in all the derails
which sanatory investigations bring, per force, before
the public. Yet, the very antiquity of these faults,
and their widely spread character, spread all over the
world, show the need of a remedy,—demand, at least,
their removal from England. There is, however,
something very new in drawing public attention to
these things ; something very healthy good and
holy in our gracious Queen and our modern Govern-
ment, telling the nation that these sources of evil
must be exterminated.
Improved dwellings for the labouring classes, like
the delightful, though simple, model houses at Bag-
nigge Wells, must soon be built for all, the rents
ranging from ls. 6d. to 6s. per week. Interim, an
unentermitting supply of pure water, light, and fresh
air, would cleanse out many a hole and corner, now
the hot beds of vermin, disease, and death, in our
present ill-constructed tenements for the industrious
millions. The recorders of sanatory facts should he
very careful to check an idea going abroad, that indi-
viduals, as proprietors of particular places, are especi-
ally culpable; nor may the working population be
allowed to fancy their homes "showed up"
from any other desire than that of attempting
to remove evils under which they suffer,
neither
which they, by themselves, haveth,t
o remove.
leisure, knowledge, nor strength,
earnest—in the style of publicityome
Tbere is something workman-like,
hbusasninaetsosr-ylifkaeo—ts
sneer, some shud-
assume. Some people laugh, s
LWeteits say like
e-
der, at the simple or
Themistocles—' Strike, but hear f u
disgusting details.s
them, not the pub-
niembiefroeod,etffhtt tbhoemeaxdisetetnoce alter such. facts, particu-
larlylishing them, is the disgrace.
A likimnopwlretadngte, ofthof
principles animal physiology
is
may know how to live in
ao
order to command health. These laws must be fa-
miliarised that men men
to the rising generations—must be made as
familiar as their daily bread—as their pious, bible,
nnrsery faith. This accomplished, we shall have ad-
vanced another step in sanatory reform, from which
small eminence the public will see others more lofty
to with they will be led on to the intrepid and zea-
lous little band of far-seeing, thinking, free-acting
men, who, "through evil report and good report,"
dare to do what they believe to be right.
Mankind at large are deeply indebted to the daily
journals for the steady, humane, and spirited manner
in which all have advocated sanatory measures; rising
above the bias of party, the weekly as well as daily
papers have advanced this wise and humane move.
The mass of society may well afford an apology for
some political animosities, or factious squabbles int')
which the press now and then may be hurried, seeing
it starts up gratuitously, unanimously, to labour in such
a cause for the common benefit of our common nature.
I have the honour to be
Your verl'ylrO EbedDileTnkßs'ervant,
CIHB4A7R. LES F. J. LORD.
Hampstead, iray
18,
Thr- - t.

announcements of any names for the bishopric
of Manchester, or of the other new sees, are premature
—the arrangements not being yet is form for say de-
cision or aolection.—Observer.

THE POLISH BALL.
Friday evening one of the most splendid reunions Of
ank and fashion of the season took place at Willis's
Rooms, St. James's, in aid of the Literary Association
of the Friends of Poland, of which Lord Dudley Stuart
is the well-known and distinguished patron. It was a
most gratifying, philanthropic, and festive espousal of
that chivalrous cause which has so long enlisted the
sympathies of enlightened Europe. and which of late has
become more intensely interesting than ever in connec-
tion with Russia's re-impressment, if we may so speak,
of an unnatural wrong upon a noble people, and her
flagrant violation of laws that were sacred among nations.
The attendance was of a character truly distingue, as
the following selected list of the principal persons will
show :—The Hon. Mr. Murray, Prince Louis Bonaparte,
Major Schonswar, Lord Walsingham, Lord Dudley
Stuart, Hon. Mr. de. Grey, Colonel Singleton, Earl of
Dartmouth, Lord Grosvenor, Lady Jervis, Alderman
Farebrother, Sir Willoughby Jones, Viseouut Milton
Captain Gardner, Hon. Arthur Dourlas, Lady
Stratheden, Hun. Miss Campbell. Hon. W. Scarlett,
the Earl of Fingall, Countess of Fingal!, Lady
Emma Plunkett, Major Harvey, Chevalier Piihre,
Colonel Meyrick, Sir Percy Shelley, Captain Chiches-
ter,. Mr. Hume, M.P., Lord Morton, Lady de Cliffa!;l9
Capt. Compton, Marchioness Clanricarde, Lady Em."Y
de Buurgh, Hon. Captain Lindsay, Captain Sotheby,
M. Bruce, Capt. Broke, Sir P. Broke, Han.
Lady Eleonora Palmer, Hon. Sydney Pierrepaals
speeeert
Lady C. Fitzroy, Lord Chas. Fitzroy, Hon.
Hon. Mr. Pechell, Mr. Milner Gibson, m.r., Countess 9f,
Malmesbury, Sir J. Drummond, Lady Sarah Final
Lady Guernsey, Marquis of Northampton, Lady 'Car'
Lord Henry ',altos, Sir Stratford Canning, Princess
Cullimaki, Lord C. Chichester, Lady Fergusson Davie,
Hon. George Keane, Hun. Fane Keane, Capt. Forrester,
Baron Zedwitz, Sir IL Meux, Sir H. Blake, his Excel-
iency M. Van de Weyer and lady, Hon. Miss De Salts,
E. Forester,
Sir W. and lady Molesworth, Mr. Gibson Craig, DIP"
Mr. Vivian, M.P. Lord Carew, Lady L. Wilbraham, Sir
C. Morgan and Lady, Conte De Burke, Countess Paulett,
Lady James Stuart, Colonel Elphinstone, M.P., Lady
Adelaide Clarence, Lady Caroline Gower, Lord and Lady
Blantyre, the Ladies Fitzwilliam, Hon. Dudley De Ros!
Countess of Glasgow, Lady Diana Boyle, Countess of
Bective, Hon. G. Astley, Lieut. Bruce, Mr. Macgregor,
Lady R. and A. Russell, Hon. F. Blake, Lady Walls-
court, Sir R. B. Phillips and lady, Lord Cranstowa,
Mr. Manners Sutton, M.P., Miss E. Gower, Honour'
able
ed
LMeiisgsh Brown,,rj a
Lady
Leigh,ady sass tiay
tins, c
ers eardele, gel syt...iyanges:
Lady Leslie, Viscount Bury, Lord and Lady INtfoll'--
Marquis of Kildare, Honourable C. Lawless
And Miss Carroll, Colonel Angerstein, Larl of Norbury,
and Viscountess Ebrington, Honourable Mr. Mostvn,
Marquis of Abercorn, Lord Claud Hamilton, Lady
Earl
Palmer, Marchioness of
of Munster, Lord Walsingham, Count Eisendel, Price°
Witold Czartoryski.
The ladies patronesses rendezvoused in the ante;
room at ten. They were the Duchess of Sutberlana
the Duches of Bedford, the Duchess of St. Alban s, the
Marchioness of Aylesbury, the Lady Charles Fitzruok
the Lady Caroline Sandford, and the Lady Agnee,r2i;ch
Whilst the procession entered the ball-room the
national anthem was played in striking style. The
Viscount
dances then followed. They were the Camelia Qua-
drille, under the direction of her Grace the Duchess of
Bedford; the Strawberry Quadrille, under the direction
of Lady Charles Fitzroy and Viscountess Milton; the
Polish Colours Quadrille, under the direction of Vln
countess Ebrington; the Mazurka, under the direction al
Lady Agnes Duff.
Altogether the ball was one of the most brilliant of the
season.

I

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE
ASSURANCE SOCIETY.
26, CORNHILL, LONDON.
Capital £500,000. Empowered by Act of Parliament.
This Institution embraces important and substantial advantages
with respect to life assurances and deferred annuities. The assured
has, on all occasions, the power to borrow, williotn expense or tor-
tenure of the policy, two•thirds of the premiums paid (see Table) ;
also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion of his in-
terests to meet other conveniencies or necessity.
Assurances for terms of years on the lowest possible rates.
DIVISION OF PROFITS.
The increasing prosperity of the Society has enabled the Directors
at the annual meeting held on the 12th May, 1847, to declare a fifth
bonus, varying from 35 to 85 per cent. on the premiums paid on each
Policy effected on the profit scale.
EXAMPLES.

Bonus inl Perma- Sum the
,6 Annual Polic addition nent Re- Assured
Age Pre- taken to Sum Bonus in duct on of may bor-
mium. out if Assured. Cash. Annual row on
Premiums. Po.icy.
X 5. 41. i £ s d. £ s. d. s. d.
1837 243 9 3 112 8 5 18 4 6 494 6 10
XXs. d. 1838 218 4 899 810 15 13 5 445 0 0
60 '1000'74 3 4 1839 192 110 86 9 313 4 9 395 11 1
1840 143 5 10 66 8 4 9 19 1 346 2 3
I 1841 138 14 2 61 17 6 9 9 2 296 13 4
1842 111 6 8 49 10 0 7 10 4 247 4 5

The Annual Report, with tables of rates, &c., may be had at the
face, or any of its branches in the country ; or, on application, will
e forwarded post free

F. FERGUSON C.I3IROUX, Secretary.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSU-
RANCE SOCIETY.
OFFICE, 26, CORNPIILL, LONDON.
Capital 500,0001.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
The system of Deferred Annuities, originally proposed by the Na-
boleti Loan Fund Life Assurance Society, for the better advance-
ment of the objects of Benefit and Friendly Societies, having received
the approbation of a considerable body of the active members and
officers of those Institutions, and the Directors of the National Loan
Fund Society having been urgently solicited by them to establish a
Branch Office in connexion with those societies a.tid the Operative
Classes generally, in which their services might be successfully en-
gaged, a Committee has been sanctioned by the Directors to open
communication with the different Societies, with the view of mere
effectually disseminating the valuable benefits amongst the indus-
trious classes; and a plan has been proposed with that object.
ADDRESS OF THE COMMITTEE.
Many praiseworthy but ineffectual attempts have been made to
bring within the scope and operation of the laws of mortality and
Money the savings of the industrious classes, as well as various cal-
culations regulating their distribution, having for their object either
linniediate, contingent, or deferred benefits.
A slight examination, however, will demonstrate that the con-
struction of these associations or societies is defective; and that in-
read of affording an easy access and a free choice of investment,
Nelda should be the privilege of every one, they confine too nar-
rowly the 'kennel through which a benefit can alone be secured ;
and, in proportion as their action is circumscribed and embarrassed,
their utility is limited. For example, it is not to every individual
or to every class amongst the industrious community, that provision
in ease of sickness is an object of such importance as to call for a
pecnniary sacrifice ; while to others such a provision appears more
attractive, and the loss of employment caused by sickness is a risk
against which they desire to be guarded. For this anomalous state
instead
things there is an effective and simple remedy ; that is to say,
of covering, by one weekly or annual payment, two or more
contingent
or deferred benefits, so to arrange it that each separate
benefit should have its separate contribution.
It is to not having observed this rule, and to the association of
two dissimilar functions, and by confounding a sick allowance and
an
annuity fund in one and the self-same payment, that much of the
evils
and mismanagement has arisen amongst Benefit Societies.
ISe mechanism can be so perfect fur the management of a sick -
n."a-fund provision as that afforded by the constant sectional asso-
ciation and watchfulness f the several members composing it. By
'his means a thorough and constant check is mutually exercised, and
tone but the really sick are likely to become chargeable upon IL
But the serge perfection, or the same security, is seldom attainable
nrsere
a fund is to be accumulated through a succession of years,
a' Where results arc to bear oat calculations, money investment
being in general beyond the experience of the industrious classes.
For these reasons it is clear that the funds destined for a provision in
sickness should be kept entirely distinct from the fund intended as a
Provision for old age :
_ Ist. Because the laws of sickness and mortality, though apparently
"n!,ected, do not depend on the same calculation.
u• Bicause there are a great number who, in order to secure a
fb_, larger Provision in old age are willing to take the risk of providing
..Probable sickness on themselves.
Because the responsibility of managing a provision for old age,
vpttnued to a distant period is, in a great measure, incompatible
voluntary associations, fluctuating laws, and individual irre-
rensibility, and more exposed to a failure in the performance of
ordlina contract , that when undertaken on the same principles that
arily govern commercial bodies.
Because the expenses of providing for sickness must, when
Wired in the same payment with provision for old age, tend to dimi-
nish still more this provision : nor is it wisdom or good policy to en-
'l,ger the one for the sake of the other.
of impressed with these convictions, and with an intimate knowledge
Fn e discussions passing within the bosom of many of the existing
o.andlY and Benefit Societies, the parties whose names are here-
ero attached, have had several meetings. with a view of proposing
ad?Pting a remedy for those and other evils ; and in this manner
give t
an additional force to the principles of brotherhood, unity,
4_ Mutual aid, on which friendly societies are based, by guarding
After much diligent search amongst the combinations ingeniously
objects(osed from time to time for the attainment of one of the principal
,irnof Friendly and Benefit Societies, they have found none equal
and —ev.,PlinitY and comprehensiveness of design, as well as forethought
pror4rnPatily for the wants of the industrious classes, as the plan
truer sad by the National Loan Fund Life Assurance Society. It is
pro4hat the author eft at plan has furnished an argument against
Pediesi" in sickness; but, without concurring in the immediate ex-
aiherneY of abandoning a provision in sickness, no one can read the
eon, Part of the plan itself, without being fully satisfied that the
greZa"nce and safety of Friendly and Benefit Societies will be
ano,_ - secured and consulted, by separating the payment of a sick
,an, ce from an annuity for old age.
rla putation having waited on the directors of the National Loan
the„, ‘.he Met in the handSomest manner the overtures made to
bizeir the establishment of a separate office for the transaction of
fiustrious connected with Friendly and Benefit Societies, and the in-
atittaln a classes in general, resolutions have bees entered into, con-
ntinaherg the undersigned as a Committee, with power to add to its
texed
b, for the promulgation of the benefits contained in the an-
and Ivii,l:inectus, under the guarantee of the Capital of the Society,
With th'', Without interfering with the numerous objects connected
Zanioneviri4tti,tution of Benefit and Friendly Societies, will in their
s), the orki'Y enlarge their sphere of utility, and afford a pptection
—5 Dre,,,, ,n 2 classes in old age and adversity, which nothing up to
Theo,w`:- day has adequately secured to them.
J:Te.ohlinn
111„:Zit.hom, P.C.R., Ancient Order of Foresters.
Ha
Ancient Order of Foresters.
yi -
If a al Tln' D•
5 A ient Order of Foresters.
-e C R Ancient Order of Foresters.
JoenrY tP. •
eph sc„n .G., Manchester Unity of Odd Fellows.
Joseph 'gelid. Pro. C S., Manchester Unity of Odd Fellows.
Samuel ,`!easi 8.0. F., Order of Old Friends.
D.C.R.. Ancient Order of Foresters.
Jiairi 1 DEFERRED ANNUITIES.
et of Pi ,e'7-A person aged 24 next birthday, by the annual pay-
of 2,2„, aso or quarterly payment of 7e., or monthly payments
ceiyi May secure, on attaining the age of 60, the option of re-
. his
Annuity, 101. 19s. 2d. ; Cash down, 1071. is. ; or a Policy
'n ms Life, 1371. 17s.
.EXarnple.—A person aged 26 next birthday, may secure, on at-
taining the age of GO, an Annuity of 10/., with the other options, by
the annual payment of 1/. Cs. 9d.. or a single payment of 221. 17s. 3,1.:
or on pa-Mont of 61. 145.
for disparity, he will be entitled to
the same benefits by an annual payment of 18s. lid., the same as
or age 20.
Example.—A person aged 311 next -birthday, by the annual pay-
ment of 1/. 65., or quarterly payment of 75., or monthly payment
Of 2s. 21., may secure on attaining the age of 65, the option of re-
ceiving Annuity, 18/. Os. 4d.; cash down, 1431. 125. ; or a policy on
his life 1751. 119.
Example.—A person aged 35 next birthday, by the annual pay-
tient of I/. 65., or quarterly payment of 75., or monthly payment
• 2s. 2d., may secure, on attaining the ago of 65, the option of re-
?.."IIIC Annuity, M. Os. 4d. ; cash down, 1481. 12s. ; or a policy on
sos life, 1751. Ils.

ExamthAG. A person LIFE ASSURANCE.
at the age of 30 next birthday may secure
e,„` 'urn of 1001. payable at his death, whenever it may happen, and
.'"_o Participate in the Annual DivlSioi of Profits, by the annual pay-
'"ent of 2/. 9s 3d
Exam ,11. • •
bloa t e.—A person at the age of 25 next birthday, by the pay-
-112/°'. 4s• per month, or Is. per week, mar secure the sum of
Wise 2,* DaYable at his death, whenever it may happen, and like-
°"are in the anneal profits of the Society.
F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Secretary.

SEA POLICIES of Insurance on all classes of
SOW. on Marine Risks not exceeding in Amount
-nY single Ship, for, the space of 12 months, from the date of
I,oooi issuing the first Policy ; nor
1,500/.
the
the space of 3 years, from the same date ; nor
Under tn.r„, space of 7 years dating from the like period ; granted
-D‘-',°lninon Seal of the
(first 'HT OF LONDON ASSURANCE COMPANY,
Otte" ",„iPletely registered April 22d, 1847), on application at the
t'rery int°,l,t- Helen's-place, London, where Prospectuses containing
________:orrnation can be obtained.

'ERIAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY,
CORNIIILE, LONDON.
DIRECTOMI.
JAMES PRESCOTT, Esq., Chairman.
Jame, GEORGE FIELD, Esq., Deputy Chairman.,
•_C• Bell, Esq. Daniel Mildred, Esq.
e,harl„'sland, Esq. James G. Murdoch, Esq.
,4nrew „rands Cobb, Esq. John Horsley Palmer, Esq.
olvile Esq. Henry Pearce, Esq.
Georg, 111?TirY Cutler, Esq. George Reid, Esq.
Thos. Nn"bbert, Esq. William It. Robinson, Esq.
2 OUR ,-,`Wnian Hunt, Esq. Newman Smith, Esq.
31" ed to-,,`,r,T11S or 80 per Cent., of the PROFITS will be as-
kiln - '4)4,les ever fifth year, and may be applied to Increase the
-nred,
oRi oan im3rnedlate payment in cash, or to the reduction
n„. 'nate extinction of future premiums, as shown in the follow-
,. 6 "Ainple
iTS to POLICIES of 25 TEARS STANDING, entitled to
participate in the Bonus declared in 1846.

Awe Cash paid on Or PremiAnd an-
E Sum Annual Bonus surrender reduced nual re-
, Insured. Premium. added. of Bonus. to. turn of.
£ £ a. d. £ a. d. £ a. d. £ a. d..£ a. d.
15 1000 19 510 451 5 0 174 12 3 8 6 9
20 I 1000 21 15 10 451 5 0 193 12 2 815 0 .... • •
30 , 1000 26 14 2 451 5 0 236 18 7 710 5 ••..••
40 1000 33 19 2 451 5 0 284 0 6 4 9 8 •- • -
50 1000 45 6 8 451 5 0 :i35 911 .. •... 419 4
60 1000 63 13 4 451 5 0 384 12 5 .•..•• ,36 10 6

inaarauces without participation is profits el
Fates,
Prospoctuscs, and an explanatory statement of
112,v given by this Company, may be had at tl
Above; at the Branch Office, 16, Pall-mall ; or of
SAMUEL INI

rected at reduced

f other advantages
Chief Offices as
the Agemts.
GALL, Actuary.