The Sun.
London, England, 1823-06-02 00:00:00

thority of a private fitter dated the 18th, " that
after violent altercations with the officers under
his command, Abisbal, abandoned by his troops,
was forced to lay down his command, which was
transferred to Gen. Castel de los Rios, Governor of
Catalonia, and one decidedly attached to the
Constitution." Since then it is stated Abisbal
was arrested and sent to Seville. The factious
Chief, Miralhes, it appears certain, in an action
with Constitutional troops from Lerida, was com-
pletely defeated, and either killed in the action
which annihilated Ms band, or subsequently put to
death as a traitor. The unfortunate Miralhes
was a mistaken enthusiast, but one of the most
respectable of the Royalist Chiefs. The garrisons
both of Pampeluna and St. Sebastian had lately
made most murderous sallies on the besiegers ;
and Bilboa and Sa►itander were both completely
uncovered and exposed to Campanella and the
Pastor.

[MO RNINQ POST.I
The Bills now before Parliament, for the com-
position and commutation of tithe, in Ireland, promise, we
think, to confer a great and lasting benefit upon that country.
Of the machinery by which, these objects are to be accom-
plished, it would at present bo premature to offer an opinion.
The regulations for securing justice to all the various interests
involved in a change so considerable, can scarcely be very few or
very simple. The greatest attention will, hoWever, be bestowed
to divest the measure of any complexity beyond *hat is abso-
lutely required for that purpose.. Government is intent upon the
subject, and aided as it will he in the house of Commons by the
local information of the Irish Members, we cannot doubt that
such laws may be framed as will be found effectual in their
operation. The ultimate object of the' Bills is to effect a
general commutation throughout Ireland, of tithe into glebe
land. Its more immediate object is to fix the amount of tithe
to be paid in each parish for the next twenty-one years, and, as
'far as existing leases do not offer an impediment, to render
this composition a charge upon the landlord Instead of the
tenant.—With respect to the composition for twenty-one years,
the tithe owner and the tithe payer are to haVe three years
allowed them to effect an arrangement by means of arbitrators,
chosen under certain regulations by themselves. If in this
period no agreement, is effected, the Lord Lieutenant is
invested with the discretionary power of appointing a Com-
Inissoner to fix the =emit of composition in all cases
where both parties do not concur' in refuldng to be subject to
'the Act. 'lrate amount of composition is to' be determined
by reference to the value of tithe actually received on an
average of the seven preceding
,years, and is not to be less
titan this value, but may exceed it, if it should appear
equitable, in a proportion not greater than one-third.. The
cercificatenf composition is to AMC the average price of wheat
anti oats in the country for three years antecedent, and at the end
of every threefollowing,yeari the amount ofcoMposition is to be
varied en application to, Quarter Sessions in proportion t any
change in the three years average price of those descriptions of
grain, provided such change be not less than ten per cent. In.
dividuals litigating are to be assessed in conimon with their
fellow parishioners, upon the full amount or value claimed ;
but whenever a decision takes place ih their favour, they are
to be reimbursed from the proceeds of it subsequent assess-
ment. This clause in the Bill, as ft now stands, has, we
think, been misunderstood. It relates only to the applotment
amongst the different , parishioners of the total amount,
and sessias well adapted to withdraw Any temptation which
the Act might otherwise. afford to frivolous or ftatitlu-
lent litigation. It is obvions that any extensive litigittion in a
parish would, during its continuance,' exclude such, parish from
the'operation of the Act. , The incumbent, or tithe-owner, in
minor cases of litigation, may obtain an equivalent for all his
chances of success, by virtue of the discretionary power vested
in the Commissioners to 'exceed, by one.third,. when .he fixes
the mount of composition, the average value of tithe actually
;
received. The commutation of tithe far glebe is only to take
place on the application of the tithe-owner, and is to proceed,
all cases, on the basis of a composition previously fixed on
finch application, the Government of Ireland is empowered
issue money to certain C,orrimissioners appointed by the Act
for the purpose of purchasing. land in the parish of the
app
applicant, or part in that and pert in adjoining parishes.
annual rent or valite of such land not to be less, and
not to exceed beyond a certain proportion, the amount of
composition. When this is accomplished tithe in such parish
ceases for ever. The composition then becomes a fixed pay.
ment due to the Crown. Finally, regulations are to be made
under which individual land-owners shall be permitted to re-
deem this incumbrance, and thus efface the last vestige upon
their own estates, of an institution of which perhaps the evils
may have been exaggerated, but which; in Ireland at least,
has been productive of much inconvenience and inuch irri-
teflon. The first and immediate advantage expected from
this measure, depends upon its tendency to withdraw one of
the greatest causes of animosity between different classes of the
Irish people. Tithe has been hitherto an uncertain and fluctuat-
ing burthen, and has been therefore the cause of an unrernitted
conflict of interests. If a truce of twenty years can be esta-
bushed y which spring out of the unsettled
value towards national tranquillity and
Improvimportant consideration still, and
efitinttyettnliiitoc.:eniel3uourcitht easi
st sndlooonrnle;
one more exclusively applicable to Ireland, arises front the
Minute subdivisions in which land is occupied in that country.
In some parts of Ireland, a Landowner has nearly as many
tenants as the number of acres of which his estate consists. It'
is needless to point out tillwi how much less, both of harshness
on the one hand, and of -humour and resentment on the
other, an unpopular impost niay be collected front one wealthy
and intelligent landlord, than from a thousand pot*, igno-
rant,
Composition of and miserable teflßfltTM. By the provisions of the Bill for
the
Tithe in Ireland, the Protestant Clergy-
man, or lay improprietor, will be gradually rescued
from the
painful and injurious position of hostile conduct
with a class of the population,. which, from its condition, its
prejudices, and its numbers, is sure to yield the most reluctant
ttrhieb ti
severestte, el i'd to cclesiiistical claims, as
concealed, that many
eistfttiflcietincaeltiootf
bLe'
objections and many difficulties interpose to obstruct the com-
pletion of this great enterprize. Of these, however, we can at
r present only say, and we say it with the greatest satisfaction,
gnevance.feelthe
' that they do not, any of them appear to be insuperable.

DREADFUL ACCIDENT.--Saturday evening, as
an trupty coal Waggon was going along Narrow
Will,Lambeth, a fine boy, about four or
five years of age, unfortunately fell under
one of the hind wheels, and was near crushed to
death. A working man passing at the instant
endeavoured to save the child,; but white en-
gaged in so laudable an attempt his foot slipped,
and the hind wheel of the waggon passed over his
legf and fractured. it.ip,aisevefeinanner. The
young sufferer and the. litarluine person who tried
to save hini were carried' to the Hospital ; little
hopes are entertained of the safety of the former,
but the latteris likely to do well.

BIRTHS.
On the nth of May, •at Clontarf, neitr Dublin, the Lady of
the Hon, .Tarries Stewart, of a son.
On Friday hie, the Lady of the Rev. J. Brasse, M.A., of
Woodhouse, Stansted, Eisei., of a ion.

MARRIED
Lately, at the English Ambassndor's Chapel, •Paris, W. F.
arter, At.D. to Mary Anne, eldest daughter of Willi= Mil..
ler, Esq. Duchess-street.'
.On Saturday last, at St. George's, Ilanover.square, Ed-
ward Marshall, Esq. of the War-Office, .to 'Mary, second
daughter of the late Robert Faulder, Esq. of Gower-street,
Bedford.square.
On Saturday last, at Hampstead, Edwina Burn, Esq. third
son of the late John. Burn, Esq., of Coldoch, Perthshire, to
Amelia Frederica, youngest daughter of George Todd, Esq.,
Of Bellsise, Hampstead.

DIED. • I
Yesterday afternoon, at his house in. Charlotte-row, Ber-
ipondtieyi-Mr. Abraham Moamar°, in the 90th year or his are.
On,Thuriglay last, -after an illness of two days, of an Mice-
thin of the bowels, Elizabeth, widow of the late Mill Wight-
of Sandgates, Cliertsil• Sint'eXl• - •
On Tuesday hist, at hii holise, Yrognat; ltampstead, John
F.Alchist Esq., aged 60. • • • •
On trie-22d December last,; at _Madras; Thomas flultnan,
of Cow. bodge, Neithtintberland, Captain Id the 11th
Regiment of Madras Native Infantry.
on the 27th ult., in Saville-court, Newcastle-upon-Pyre, at
an advanced.age, Miss !Auden, sister of the late avid I4n-
dell, Esq., merchant in that town.