The Sun.
London, England, 1847-02-19 00:00:00

THE SUIS),_ LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 19, 1811,

dressed the House, that the subject was one of very
great importance, and they would he satisfied to know,
from two papers which he had just laid upon the table,
that the subject had not escaped the attention of her Ma-
jesty's Government. They would find in them that the
views which had been so ably put forward by
the Noble Lord were concurred in by the Government,
and that they intended to bring forward a measure
bearing especially upon juvenile offenders. Accordingly
a Bill would be brought in for the purpose of effecting
a reform in the criminal law, which all seemed to admit
was so much wanted. The great difficulty which
attended the present system, and which prevented them
from attaining such results as in France was, that the
boys, if sent out of prison, must necessarily be par-
doned.
Lord BROUGHAM observed that they were sent
back to prison if they misconducted themselves.
Earl GREY—Exactly so. If they misconducted
themselves in France they were sent back to prison,
but in this country there was no power of that
kind—they had no other resource but to turn
them out. That was a gr,at difficulty, which
at present existed, and to remedy which the Bill pro-
posed was intended. Further, their Lordships would ob•
serve, from the minutes of council on the subject of
edecation, it was proposed to establish a penal school in
London, to which were to be sent, not only juvenile
offenders, but vagrants also. The whole subject also of
transportation ha been under consideration, and in-
deed, he might say, that the measure proposed had
extended us far almost as the abolition of that punish-
ment. The Bill of the Right Hon. Gentleman the Home
Secretary, which was laid on the table, would fully
explain the system, and the details which it gave of
those transports who had been sent to Norfolk Island,
were such as would make their Lordships shudder. He
thought it right to make these observations in conse-
quence of what had fallen from the Noble and Learned
Lord with respect to the reformation of the criminal law,
The subject should continue to have the most serious
attention of the Government.

Lord BROUGHAM explained, that by the Ist and
2d of Victoria, the institutions alluded to by the Noble
Earl were constituted in the way mentioned by him.
Captain Maconochie who deserved much praise for his
exertions, proposed that the nature of the punishment
should not be by time, but by the conduct of the pri-
soner, that he should receive marks for good conduct,
and that, after obtaining a certain number, he should be
set at liberty. Mr. Hill's plan was not so efficient, but
yet it was a very good one. After the conviction of a
juvenile offender (Mr. Hill is the Recorder of Nor-
wich) he sent for the parents, guardians, or master of
the boy, :and after having obtained a pledge that they
would watch over his future conduct, he set him free,
after the imposition of a fine, or merely an admonition.
He had adopted this plan for four or five years,
with wonderful effect, as they had seldom been brought
before him again, as appeared to have been the case at
LiverpoDi. Of course he (111 r. Hill) could not tell
whether or not they ha delsewhere and committed
like offences. gone'
The subject then dropped.
DISTRESS IN IRELAND.
Earl GREY laid a dispatch on the table from the
Government of Nova Scotia, stating that the Assembly
had voted 1,0001. for the relief of the destitute poor in
Ireland and in the Highlands of Scotland. He (Earl
Grey) was sure their Lordships would rejoice at this
proof of the interest manifested by that Assembly in the
welfare of their fellow-subjects at home.—(Hear, hear.)
WAR.
The NOBLE EARLKAFIR
also laid papers on the table on this
subject.
Their Lordships then adjourned.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.
There being only twenty-seven Members present at
four o'clock, the House was adjourned.

THE ~ NO HOUSE" LAST NIGHT.
The following Members were present when the House was
counted out (27) :
Mr. Thornely Mr. Stansfield
Sir A. Hay Mr. B. Escott
Sir C. Napier Mr. Plumptre
Sir R. Inglis Mr. Grimsditch
Mr. Greene Mr. Spooner
Major Macnamara Mr. S. Crawford
Dr. Bowring Mr. W. Patten
Captain Layard Captain Lindsay
Mr. IL Currie Mr. Finch
Mr. Brotherton Mr. M. Manes
Mr. M. Forster Mr. IL Trevor
Mr. Barnard Lord Sandon
Mr. Mnntz Sir John Hope.
Mr. C. O'Brien

-----
PARLIAMENTARY BUSINESS.
(From the Votes and Proceedings of the House of commons.)
NOTICES GIVEN AT TILE PRIVATE BILL-OFFICE.
THURSDAT, FXB. 18.
second time:—
The following; Railway Bills are appointed to be read a

MONDAY, FEE. 22.
Lynn and Ely (Lynn and Wormegay Navigation).
Lynn and Ely (Deviation and Lynn Docks).
Airdrie and Bathgate Junction Amendment and Deviation.
Portadorrn and Dungannon.
Sheffield, Rotherham, and Doncaster Junction (Maabrough
to Doncaster).

lIINDNFADAY, FEB. 24.
Eastern Union and Ipswich and Bury St. Edmund's Amal-
gamation.
Boston, Stamford, and Birmingham (Branch to Wisbech
Harbour and Wisbech Harbour Improvement).
Eastern Counties (Hertford to Ilitchin).
Boston, Stamford, and Birmingham (Witsbech to Sntten
Bridge, &c

Tit CR.SDAY, FED. 25.
St. Helen's Canal and Railway (Warrington and Blackbrook
Branches, &c.)
Great Northern (Branches to Slsaford).
Great Northern (Extension to Leeds and WakeEeld, Deviation
of Methle)y Branch of Wakefield, Pontefract, and Gook)
Railway.
Great Northern (Purchase of Ambergate, Nottingham, and
Boston and Eastern Junction, &c.)

PROTEST AGAINST THE « BILL
FOR THE TEMPORARY RELIEF OF DESTI-
TUTE PERSONS IN IRELAND."
1. Because this Bill is based on the principle, that it is the
duty of a Government to provide food for the people, and
I consider this principle false in theory, and as leading
to injustice and disastrous consequences if attempted in
practice. It is false in theory, as being, in the natural
state of things, utterly impracticable; the Government
having no store of food wherewith to supply the people,
or funds for providing the same. In practice, it leads to
injustice and disastrous consequences, because such funds
can be obtained only by taxation; and if the taxes are
levied (as they ought and profess to be) equally on all,
the whole will be taxed, and supply the wants of a part:
the consequence of which must be, that some persons on
the verge of destitution will be thus reduced. to the same
state as those whom they are taxed to relieve, and that
those who by prudence and industry have raised them-
selves out of the reach of want will be taxed for the
relief of the improvident and idle.
2. Because it is dangerous for a Government to take
any step which is calculated to instil into the minds of
the people the belief, that they need not rely on their
own exertions for their well-being, and a hope that if
they omit to take proper care of themselves, it will relieve
their necessities and gratuitously support them.
3. Because the Irish people arc of a temperament pe-
culiarly likely to be misled.
4. Because experience, both in Ireland and in Eng-
land under the old administration of the poor-laws,
proves that the attempt to provide gratuitously for the
needy is in its result dangerous to property and to the
independence and well-being of the people, and injurious
to none more than to those very persons whose benefit is
thereby sought; by superseding the necessity, and thus
repressing the energy of their own exertions to keep
themselves ; by diverting them from those resources
which the pressure of want would disclose; and, above
all, by teaching them to rely on external aid, which, as it
cannot be efficient in extent, or permanent in duration,
Will finally leave them disappointed and discontented,
and more destitute and helpless than before.
5. Because I fear that if this measure be adopted it
Will necessarily lead to other measures of a similar na-
ture, and that though some present relief may be given
to existing misery and destitution, it will lead hereafter
to an alarming increase of the evils thus temporarily
mitigated; and that, therefore, though feelings of the
most praiseworthy and benevolent character prompt its
adoption, prudence, reason, and true wisdom would re-
ject it. _ _

6. Because charity is a proper motive for the private
conduct of individuals, but justice the paramount duty
of a Government; and because charity to some on the
part of the latter work out present injustice to others,
and ultimately evil to all. RADNOR.

PARSNIP SEED.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sir..—Will you allow me to suggest to the holders of
kitchen-gardens, or field-gardens, the advantage of sowing
this year an increased quantity of parsnip seed. The plant is
hardy, the root highly nutritious, and the culture inexpen-
sive, while as a crop the produce is greater than that from an
equal breadth of potato ground. It would be well, also, to
plant more than the usual number of roots for augmenting
the supply of seed for the next year. As an edible, I feel
sure the root will ere long be much more highly appreciated
than it now is.—l am, Sir, yours, &c.,
London, Feb. 16, 1847.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
FOSTER V. IRELAND.
Sir,—ln this case the plaintiff brought his action to
recover the sum of 1011. 10i., for his services as an
architect and surveyor, in and about his superintending
the building of some houses at Walworth for the de-
fendant; to which the defendant pleaded a sett off to the
amount of 681. 2s. 6d. for goods sold and delivered, and
a tender of 15/. before the action was commenced, and
I'l2o paid that 151. into Court. The jury gave a verdict
for the defendant, and not as was stated, for the plaintiff.
Yours, very obediently,
EDWARD GOVETT, Defendant's Attorney.
7, Red Lion-square, Feb. 18, 1847.

- •
CITY OF WESTMINSTER LITERARY, SCIENTIFIC,
ANY) MECHANICS' INSTITUTION.—A dramatic reading of
°Maio was given at this Institution last night, by Mr. J.
Itu%
. sell, the comedian. To delineate the fine, open, manly
character of Othello, the very soul of honour, insidiously un-
dermined by a cunning fiend in human form, and by contrast
rto display the knave lago in such guise that he shall be
lteemed a bluff, hearty, jovial campaigner, and still render
i' villany consistent, is a task requiring no ordinary his-
trionic skill. Mr. Russell, however, secured and held the
attention of his audience to the mournful close of the tragedy,
and his efforts to gratify them were warmly applauded.
piaThe Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England had a
eral illeeting yesterday, at their office, in Whitehall-
e.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Queensberry hare
arrived at Parrance's Hotel, Upper Belgrave-street, from
their seat, liinmount Annan, N. B.

r 1. SOYER'S SOUP FOR THE POOR.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR,—In returning my most sincere thanks for the
benevolent intentions which prompt you to publish so
speedily my letter of the 10th inst.. relating to my new
kitchen and soup for the poor, in your valuable journal,
I beg your insertion of the two following receipts,
which, if closely followed. would confer an immediate
benefit, not only on the poor, and various charitable in-
stitutions, but also to the labouring population of the
United Kingdom. I much regret the delay that has
taken place since the publication of my former letter,
which has unavoidably occurred, the time being con-
sumed in experiments which I have made with various
kinds of farinaceous ingredients, produced and imported
into this country; and likewise with some of the im-
mense varieties of vegetables, cultivated with so much
success in this favoured soil; but which, generally speak-
ing, are not sufficiently appreciated, or used to the
greatest advantage by the industrious classes.
My intention is, with your kind permission, not only
to publish the receipt for one kind of soup, but for five
or six ; thz whole, however, being made upon the same
principle as the first, to save any confusion in the nak-
ing, hoping they may prove advantageous, by giving a
change in food which acts as generously on the digestive
organs as a change of air does on the convalescent, and
likewise to prevent the rise in price of any particular
articles; for, should the soup be approved of, and be-
come a chief article of consumption for a certain time,
such a receipt would be quite useless in some parts of
the c aintry, where the ingredients could not be obtained.
My sincere devotion to this important cause being: to
take every possible advantage of every kind of nutritious
substances, animal and vegetable, and fish, and to con-
vert them, by study and judgment, into a wholesome and
cheap aliment for the million.
Several hundreds of letters I have already received
upon the subject have induced me to give immediate pub-
licity to the two following receipts, which I consider
quite correct. Having thus stated my impressions upon
this all-important subject, I now give you the result of
my first economical study to produce a cheap and whole-
some soup :

- THE RECEIPT FOR SOUP No. 1.
I first put one ounce of dripping into a saucepan (ca-
pable of holding two gallons of water), with a quarter of
a pound of leg of beef without bones, cut into square
pieces about half an inch, and two middling sized onions,
peeled and sliced. I then set the saucepan over a coal
fire, and stirred the contents round for a few minutes
with a wooden (or iron) spoon until fried lightly brown.
I had then ready washed the peeling of two turnips, fif-
teen green leaves or tops of celery, and the green part of
two leeks (the whole of which, I must observe are always
thrown away). Having cut the above vegetables into
small pieces, I threw them into the saucepan with the
other ingredients, stirring them occasionally over the fire
for another ten minutes ; then added halt' a pound of
common flour (any farinaceous substance would do), and
half a pound of pearl barley, mixing all well together.
I then added two gallons of water, seasoned with three
ounces of salt, and a quarter of an ounce of brown sugar,
stirred occasionally until boiling, and allowed it to
simmer very gently for three hours, at the end of which
time I found the barley perfectly tender. The above
soup has been tasted by numerous noblemen, Members
of Parliament, and several ladies, who have lately visited
my kitchen department, and who have considered it
♦ery good and nourishing. The cost, at full price, was
as follows :
Quarter of a pound of leg of beef, at 4d. per lb ld
Two ounces of dripping fat, at 4d. per lb Oi
Two onions and other vegetables 1
Half a pound of flour, seconds, at 11d. per lb O4
Half a pound of pearl barley, at 3d. per lb
Three ounces of salt and half an ounce of brown sugar Oi
Fuel
Two gallons of water

Gi
This soup will keep several days, when made as above
described.

The above expenses make it come to three farthings
per quart in London ; but as almost everything can be
had at much less cost in the country, the price of this
soup will be still more reduced. In that case a little ad-
ditional meat might be used, and by giving away a small
portion of bread or biscuit, better support would be given
.
to the poor at a trifling cost, and no one is to. be hoped,
hereafter would hear of the dreadful calamity of starvation.
This cTanlibEeßmEacdEfchTeaFpOeßr andTilE iSnoluesrs time. Proceed
Proceed
as Receipt No. 1 explains (as regards the fat, meat,
onions, and the other vegetables), but add one quart of
water upon the whole, which you let boil twenty minutes,
stirring now and then to prevent burning ; or else, it
convenient, set it by the: side of the fire, and add one
pound of maize, mix well together, and fill the stew-pan
with six quarts of water ; season as above ; let it simmer
one hour, skim lightly, and it is then ready for use.
If a large quantity is to be made, say 100 gallons, any
kind of vessel now in use, such as copper or cast iron,
will do, have ready a spatula, or a piece of board the
shape of a cricket-bat, about six inches wide, tapering
towards the top as a handle (which must be from one
foot and a half to two feet above the surface of the ves-
sel), to stir with; the fire being well lighted, take
twelve pounds of solid meat, or eighteen pounds with
the bones (legs or clods of beef, with a portion of cow
heels, is excellent for the purpose, but any kind of edible
meat from beef to doe venison will do), cut it in pieces
about one inch square, put three pounds and a half of
fat; in case there should be difficulties to procure the
fat, put in one gallon of water instead; then you have
ready twelve pounds of onions, lightly peeled and cut in
slices, and 24lbs. of vegetables of any kind, mixed (such
as carrots, parsnips, turnips, leeks, celery, cabbages.
savoys, sore], spinach, mangold wurzel, swedes, and
Jerusalem artichoke, all cut in a slanting direction,
which facilitates greatly the cooking), with the meat into
the copper left stewing about one hour, stirring the
whole contents until the moisture is nearly gone, which
will depend entirely on the fire; then add enough water
to cover the whole, which you let boil ten minutes; then
add 251bs. of flour, and mix it well together; then add
thirty pounds of either barley or rice, season with nine
pounds of salt and three pounds of brown sugar; after-
wards fill the copper with water, and boil the whole con-
tents for two hours or more, until the barley or rice is
quite tender, the soup is then ready for use.
In case either the barley or rice did not produce the
thickness required (as those ingredients may differ in
quality), then add, if too thin, a few pounds of flour or
oatmeal, previously mixed with cold water, to make it
in a liquid paste, and pour it in when boiling, about
twenty minutes before serving it out. But the proper
thickness is easily ascertained when the soup hangs
lightly on the back of the spatula or ladle.
One hundred gallons of this soup will cost under 1/.
Respecting my plan of kitchens for the poor, I am happy
to inform you, Mr. Editor, that my subscription, which
is only of a few days' date, has met with the greatest
encouragement by benevolent contributors, the list of
which will shortly be published. I have been able al-
ready to begin one of those kitchens on a small scale,
where from forty to fifty gallons of soup can be easily
made, and quickly distributed to 200 or 300 poor, in
an ordinary sized London house. As soon as it is in
practice, this simple plan will be marle public through
the press; therefore, any private application becomes
unnecessary, as it would prevent my carrying the plan
into effect.

A correct drawing of my large plan for making and
supplying 20,000 persons, in four hours, is also in a very
forward state.

With high consideration, I have the honour to be, Sir,
your very obliged and humble servant,
A. SO ER.

Reform Club, Feb. 17, 1847.

REVIEW OF THE BRITISH CORN

TRADE.
(From the Mark-lane Express.)
In our comments on the position of the wheat trade
last week we expressed a doubt whether the depression
which then prevailed would be of long continuance; but,
though we were prepared to expect a rally, we scarcely
thought it would come so soon as it has. The animated
tone which business has again assumed has, no doubt,
been partly occasioned by the extreme severity of the
weather experienced during the last eight days; this,
however, cannot be regarded as the primary cause. The
periodical intervals of dulness and animation which
have succeeded to each other at different times during
the past four or five months have almost in every in-
stance been the result of a temporary lull and a subse-
quent revival of the Irish demand; and to the latter the
sudden rise which prices have again undergone must be
traced. As has been the case on all former occasions
this season, the first impetus to the upward movement
had its origin at Liverpool. Several Irish buyers visited
that port on Monday, and purchases of American flour
were then made privately at 40s. per barrel. On the
following day the market was numerously attended, and
large sales of the last-named i
article were effected at
41s. 6d. to 425. per barrel, whilst nferior Sorts of wheat
were taken for the same destination at prices 4d. to 6d.
cpuerrr7eonltbo. corn, which had
se'nnight. In.dian.
to 3s. 6d. per quarter above. those
'no rt
h2ast. 4d. to
previously been neglected, was likewise in much re-
quest, and from 68s. to 71s. per 4801 b. was paid for
cargoes close at hand. Later in the week the excite-
ment increased, and on Friday a further advance was
established on all articles ; wheat was then quoted 3. d.
to 4d. per 701 b., flour is. Gd. per barrel, and Indian
corn Is. per 4801 b. higher than ou the preceding market
day. The continued drain on oar stocks to supply the
wants of the sister isle, and the unusually large con-
sumption of breadstuffs in all parts of the United King-
dom, have already caused wheat to become somewhat
scarce, and though we differ from some authorities, oa
whosejudgment we generally place great reliance, we
cannot come to any other conclusion than that the stocks
raetsetn!lte
cionrrthesepcoonudnintrgy
paerreiosdm.allsevritthhanthiins
ordinaryof heat
years at
r Ps
conviction, and with the prospect of having to ship
largely to Ireland for several months to come, whilst
no effective supplies from abroad can be looked for till
April, we can discover nothing in the position of affairs
to lead us to anticipate low, or even moderately low,
prices ; on the contrary, a further rise appears to us
far more probable. In giving this opinion, we wish our
remarks to be understood as applying only to the next
two months ; after that period new elements
will come into play, of which nothing can at pre-
sent be known. The supplies of barley, which a few
weeks ago were liberal at the markets in those counties
where this grain is most extensively grown, have all at
once fallen off materially, and we think it will not be
long before the discovery will be made that the crop of
this grain has turned out quite as deficient as repre-
sented at harvest time. The maltsters, as a body,
are certainly far from well-stocked ; and having during
the week come forward more freely as buyers, the
supplies have proved inadequate to the demand, and
prices have advanced about 2A. per quarter all over the
kingdom. Oats, on the other hand, have not as yet re-
covered any portion of the recent decline, which may
be partly accounted
for by the economy observed in
their consumption. The comparatively low price of hay
has caused that article to be used more extensively than

usual ; other substitutes have also been largely em-
ployed. But notwithstanding all these shifts, oats are
evidently becoming very scarce, and when the seed de-
mand commences their value will in all probability rise.
By our advices from Scotland we learn that the wea-
ther had not been so severe there as with us. Wheat
and barley advanced on Wednesday, both at Edinburgh
and Glasgow, but oats were not dearer at either place.
From Ireland the accounts are of precisely the same
character as before. The want and misery prevailing
are described as fearful ; and though a deficiency in the
means for conveying supplies into the interior had
caused an accumulation of stock at the sea-port towns,
with there-opening of the inland navigation, which had
been partially closed by ice, the stores at Dublin, Cork,
and Limerick, would, it was expected, be speedily
etnptied. The extreme severity of the frost experienced
on this side of the Channel has also closed many of our
watercourses, and prevented supplies of grain from
the interior being sent down to the ports on the coast.
It is, therefore, probable that the arrivals will, for a
time at least, be short.

During the week now about to terminate, the receirts
of wheat coastwise into London have amounted to only
87° quarters, and the quantity brought forward at Mark-
lane by land carriage samples from the home counties
has been equally small. On Wednesday the show on
the Essex and Kent stands was quite trifling; there was
scarcely anything fresh up, and the few parcels left
over from previous supplies were easily placed at rates
Is. to 2s. Fer quarter above those current in the com-
mencement of the week. On Friday the millers mani-
fested an increased desire to add to their stocks ; and
factors having very little to offer, demanded, and suc-
ceeded in obtaining, a further advance of is. per quarter.
Foreign wheat, which has for some time been compara-
tively neglected, has again excited attention this week.
On Wednesday several parcels changed hands, on terms
at least is. per quarter above those previously obtainable
and since then holders have further raised their preten-
sions; good red Baltic, as well as the inferior sorts, such
as Odessa, Danube, &c., being held about 2s. per quarter
higher at the close than the commencement of the week.
This rise has been mainly caused by a renewed demand
for meal to ship to Ireland; and, had not the scarcity of
vessels, and the high rate of freights, tended to throw
difficulties in the way of business, the transactions would
probably have been extensive.
Town-manufactured flour has been taken rather
slowly, the bakers still continuing to act on the reserve;
the millers have, however, remained firm, and the bar-
gains closed have been at full terms. Ship flour being
worth more in the northern markets than here, the
supply into London has been small, and prices have
rather tended upwards. For American the demand has
undergone a decided improvement, and rather large pur-
chases have been made at a rise of is. to 2s. per barrel on
the lowest rates of last week.

Barley of home growth has come very sparingly to
hand, nor have the receipts from foreign countries been
of any importance. The maltsters, who have for some
weeks held off, have been compelled by their pressing
wants to purchase somewhat more freely of late; and,
though business has not been brisk, sellers hare expe
rienced no difficulty in realizing an enhancement of Is.
to 2s. per quarter on the best, and Is. on secondary
qualities. The panic produced in the barley trade by
the admission of sugar into breweries and distilleries
seems to have passed over; and, unless much larger sup-
plies reach us shortly, there is some chance of this grain
rising again to pretty nearly the same from which it
receded a fortnight or three weeks ago.
The operations in malt have been of a retail character;
the stocks of the article being, however, very short, and
the supplies having been small. higher rates have been
insisted on and obtained. _ _

The total quantity of oats which has entered the port
of London during the week ending Saturday evening has
amounted to only 11,144 quarters; whereof 3,103 quar-
ters are from our own coast, 101 quarters from Scotland,
7,039 quarters from Ireland, and 904 quarters from
abroad. The usual consumption of the metropolis and
its suburbs at this period of the year, when Parliament
is sitting, and London is consequently full, is estimated
at from 20,000 to 25,000 quarters per week; whereas
the receipts from the beginning of the year, being
rather over seven weeks, have amounted to only 45,254
quartere. It follows, therefore, that all parties are at
the present. moment very bare of stocks ; and though
there can be no doubt that the high value of the article
has led to great economy in the consumption, still we
believe that prices must undergo a further enhancement.
On Wednesday business was very dull at Mark-lane, the
factors generally asking somewhat enhanced terms,
which buyers refused to pay ; since then the inquiry
has not improved, and it has been impossible to realise
over Monday's currency even for fine corn.
The recent fall in the value of beans has not led to
any increase in the inquiry, and sales have proceeded
slowly at the reduced terms current in the commence-
ment of the week.

Maple and hog peas have likewise moved off rather
tardily at previous prices, but a rise of is. to 2s. has
taken place in quotations of white boilers since Monday.
Floating cargoes of Indian corn, particularly those
close at hand, have been eagerly bought on Irish account,
and nearly as high prices have been realised as at the
period when the greatest extent of excitement prevailed.
By the packet .ship Queen of the West we have New
York advices of the 23d of January, and accounts from
other parts of the United States of corresponding dates.
The weather had been, and was then still severe, and the
inland navigation was still closed by ice. The exports
of flour had not been so large in January as the preceding
month, owing partly to the high rate of freight to
Europe; still upwards of 86,000 barrels of flour, 103,000
bushels of wheat, 242,000 bushels of Indian corn, 24,000
bushels of rye, 39,000 bushels of barley, and 16,000
bushels of oats, had been shipped from New York
between the Ist and 19th of January. Freight to
London was then 17d. to 18d. per bushel for wheat, and
4s. 6d. to ss. per barrel for flour. The price of flour had
rather tended upwards during the preceding week, and
good brands of Gennessee were then held at 5 dolls. 624 e.
to 5 dolls. 69c. per barrel. The arrival of the Hibernia
was anxiously looked for, and in the absence of news
from Europe neither sellers nor buyers had manifested
much disposition to enter into extensive operations.
The return of severe weather threatens again to in-
terrupt the regular communication with the northern
continental ports ; but the advices from Dantzig reach
only to the 3d inst. A good deal of business has been
done there during the week ; about 650 lasts had
changed hands at high prices ; for fine high mixed 61s.
to 655. had been paid, and other sorts had brought pro-
portionate prices : subsequently the trade had become
somewhat dull, owing to the less encouraging tone of
the English letters. The weather was then wet, and
the damp state of the atmosphere had caused most of
the wheat to come to hand in indifferent condition. A
vessel had been chartered to load wheat to Liverpool at
4s. 6d. per quarter.
At the Lower Baltic ports a little reaction appears to
have taken place, in consequence of the fall which oc-
curred in the British markets towards the close of last
month.

From Rostock we learn, under date of February the
4th, that the demand for wheat had suddenly fallen off
materially, but that holders had nevertheless remained
firm, declining to sell below 655. per quarter free on
board. The inquiry for barley had likewise become
!,low there, and 355. per quarter was then an extreme
price.
At Stettin stocks are stated to be very small, and little
effect had consequently been produced by the somewhat
dull tone of the English advices ; in the absence, how-
ever, of foreign orders the operations in both wheat and
spring corn had been on a restricted scale.

- At—Hamburg, on the 9th inst., wheat was decidedly
dull of sale, and there were offers from outports at prices
Is. to is. 6d. per quarter below the rates previoasly de-
manded ; for parcels on the spot very nearly former
terms had been insisted on.

The accounts from the Mediterranean are interesting.
A letter from Marseilles of the 6th inst. informs us that
wheat, after having fallen some 6s. per quarter the pre-
ceding week, had again rallied, and that prices were then
within about If. per hectolitre of the highest point. This
reaction had been caused by a rumoured country demand.
Marianopoli had brought equal to 695. per quarter, which
was as high a price as that description of wheat had
brought at any former period. _ _ _

From Genoa we learn, under date of February 2, that
the Government had issued a decree levying four livres
per cantar, or 38. Gd. per cwt. duty, on the export of rice
the growth of Piedmont.

DARINGROBBERYIN EDIN-
BURGH.

It is with regret that we have to record another of
those daring outrages which have of late been the dis-
grace of our city. On Thursday night, about twelve
o'clock, a gentleman who resides in Broughton-place was
knocked down on his way home, in the lane which
branches off from the east side of Elder-street, and
robbed of his watch and five pounds. He was felled to
ruffiansconsiderablemo n y .
searchedl e
stilltime
head
received
ea d hise i
confined
nnp
fideas
ner state
fesvodecnre several
ononsdfenbvcde eadrrh erawiinsensibility,
with
blowstnhooff
recollectionh
the ground at once by a violent blow with a bludgeon,
or other instrument, and remained on the street for a
fallen, his assailants being determined to make sure of
contu-
sions onr eth iseisafterwatchw dreadfulh he
lee hadat
nho
def
anything that took place after receiving the blow.
Within these four or five weeks no less than five rob-
beries, attended with personal violence, more or less
dangerous, have occurred, while not more than two of
the guilty persons have been apprehended, and these only
on suspicion. It is extremely doubtful if one conviction
will follow. There cannot be a more lamentable proof
of the insecurity of our streets, and of the inadequacy
of the police, from whatever cause, for the protection of
the inhabitants. It was only about a month since a gen-
tleman in Broughton-place was robbed while opening
his own door, about half-past ten o'clock, and nearly
choked by the violent gripe of the ruffians on his
sishabrydlynoabnaleeanto
speak. Another robbery of the same kind was s
bme,eehunfdoerrsstoamn de,
dhaey
man was, nearlyabout
the robbed in the Lo-
thian-road, between
com-
mitted
same time, knocked
tdown
and twelve o'clock, while
recovered,throat,
ifarEnihl mawv-hri niocgwh ~ A young
at t
that it is not safe to venture into the
It thus appears
the robbery in St. Johenl-esythr'eenettionciecuerrreodwadbeodut,Ntietnh o'clock,paole.
the Canongate being
streets at night. These robberies and outrages were
perpetrated, not at any untimely hour, but mostly before
twelve o'clock, when it never was before thought unsafe
to walk the streets. But a great change has taken
place ; ruffianism is on the increase, and
thieves ap-
pear to be constantly prowling aboutTh
watching
itthies
streets on the outlook for plunder.
e undetected
clear, afford no security, while from the
robberies the guilty derive security and encouragement
of
to commit fresh crimes. The frequency police,
these out-
rages calls for increased vigilance, and a more efficient
_
body of night watchmen ; and they ought to be obtained
at whatever expense ; for protection, like everything
else, must be paid for. It is needless to grudge the
price, for we cannot have the article without
rt
.—Edinburgh Courant, paying for

tained considerable misapprehension on the subject, and
the consequence was, that their stock was unnaturally
depreciated.
His proposal gave rise to a very lengthened discus-
sion ; but the matter was eventually set at rest by
The CHAIRMAN stating that the information demanded
would be found in his last half-yearly speech.
Mr. SAUNDERS (the secretary) declared that if such
a statement were to be put forward, it would only lead
to misapprehension, for while they could state positively,
and were freely prepared to disclose their liabilities,
they must, in justice to themselves, place on the other
side of the accounts what they considered would be the
probable returns of their engagements.
The report was then adopted.
The dividend having been declared, the retiring
directors were re-elected.

A vote of confidence in the directors, and approving
of their proceedings in the matter of the Birmingham
and Oxford line, was proposed and carried unanimously.
The meeting terminated, after the customary vote of
thanks to the Chairman.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, Feb. 18.
(Sittings at Nisi Prius, before the LORD CHIEF JUSTICE
and a Special Jury).
HOPWOOD V. THORN.

Mr. Cockburn, Q.C., Mr. Edwin James, and Mr.
Lush, appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. Sergeant
Talfourd and Mr. Atherton for the defendant.
In this case both the plaintiff and the defendant were
Independent ministers, the plaintiff being the minister
of the Independent chapel at Thatcham, and the de-
fendant an Independent minister residing at Winchester.
The action was a joint action for slander and libel, the
declaration containing counts for bath. The slanders
complained of were ♦arious statements mado by the de-
fendant, to persons of his congregation and others, at
Thatcham, that the plaintiff having, before his entry
into the ministry, carried on business as a draper at
Southampton, in partnership with a person named
Pinhorn, had, on his withdrawal from the partnership,
taken out large sums from the concern, more than he
was entitled to do; and upon this statement used the
words that the plaintiff was " unworthy the name of a
gentleman, a minister, or an honest man," and that " no
person would let him get into a pulpit anywhere, so bad
was bis character." There were other words declared
on, that the defendant " had called the plaintiff a rogue,
and he could prove it by the books at Southampton that
he had cheated Mr. Pinhorn of 2,000 L" The libels
complained of were contained in a series of letters, one of
which was to a Mr. Hunt, and two to the Rev. Mr.
Ainslie, Dissenting minister, and secretary to the Con-
gregational Board of Edueation, residing in London,
which stated "that Mr. Hunt had been to Southampton
and found all true;" there were other statements similar
to the above. This correspondence was of great length.'
To prove the libels and slanders,
Mr. Edward Hunt, surveyor, residing at Thatcham,
was called. He stated that the plaintiff called upon him
on Janury 7, 1845, and made a statement of something
which a Mrs. Burfield had told him. On the following Su-
nday the plaintiff made a statement from the pulpit, re-
ferring to the accusations made against him, demanding
an investigation, and defying proof of the charges made.
The plaintiff also asked for an appointment of mutual
friends to consider the matter. The witness was the
friend alluded to to be appointed. He afterwards met
the defendant at Mrs. Burfield's house, where a conver-
sation about the matter took place, and there were sub-
sequent meetings of the parties at Mrs. Burfield's house,
and the defendant expressed himself anxious to have a
public meeting, and there was a public meeting subse-
quently held, on the 18th of March; that meeting was
held at the Independent chapel at Thatcham, both plaintiff
and defendant being present. Statements were there
made by the defendant, which he had before heard him
make at Mrs. Burfield's house. The defendant read a
long statement of accounts between Pinhorn and the
plaintiff, theresult being that the plaintiff had taken'6,ooo/.
out of the concern, and had only put into it 1,2651.;
and that the plaintiff had drawn out 2,0004 more
than he ought to have done, which equity would compel
him to repay, and that these accounts were taken from
the books of the business. The defendant afterwards
told witness that the plaintiff's name " stunk in South-
ampton ;" that he had looked into the law of libel, and
could not be made liable for what he said.
Edward Pinnock, a member of the plaintiff's congre-
gation, deposed that the defendant and two Misses Bur-
field called upon him and made similar statements to
the above, and said that " Mr. Hopwood would not be
able to hold up his head in Thatcham pulpit or in any
other."

It appeared, from the evidence of another witness
(Mrs. Arnold), that great excitement existed in the
village about this gossip, and that the plaintiff had put
it to the vote to expel Mrs. Barfield from the congrega-
tion till the statements against him were withdrawn.
John Carter, jun., deposed to being present at the
meeting at Thatcham chapel on the 18th of March,
when Mr. Hopwood said,—" Where are my accusers ?"
To which Mr. Thorn replied,—" I am your ac-
cuser." Mr. Hopwood said,—" I hear that you have
been calling me a rogue in the village." To which
Mr. Thorn replied,—" Stay a while and I will prove
you one." Mr. Thorn then read many letters and
a long statement of figures. After this, Mr. Hopwood
said, " Now you have made my character look so black,
if you can prove what you have stated I will be 1001. to
any charity ; and, if not, you shall be 1001." Mr. Thorn
refused ; as also to go to Southampton to examine the
books, "as it had taken him a week to examine them
already." At this period of the meeting some one said,
"We want our dinners ; look at the time I" and the
meeting broke up.
The Rev. Mr. Ainslie, a Dissenting minister, residing
near the Regent's Park, was then called—He had known
the plaintiff and his character for many years. He knew
of his being in business at Southampton. He had heard
ofan dthceaslleedrepoonrttsh,e and went
tdowwinthteaTvhiaetwehoafminicinutirBi4nsg,
into the matter. He entered into a correspondence with
Mr. Thorn. [Various letters were then put in, and
proved by the witness, some of them containing the
libellous matter complained of.]
On his cross-examination, it appeared that he had
gone to see Mr. Pinhorn, and that Mr. Pinhorn said,
"He had no charge to make against Mr. Hopwood ;"
but he admitted that he had made statements of com-
plaint to Mr. Thorn against Mr. Hopwood.
The Learned JUDGE thought statements made regard-
ing the plaintiff, relating to his former trade, and not re-
lating to his present calling as a minister, not actionable.
Mr. Sergeant TALFOURD then addressed the jury for
the defendant. He regretted that the present charge
should have been brought. He regretted that those
whose profession it was to compose differences should
have resorted to such a course. He thought it a cir-
cumstance to be regretted when persons were brought
up in trade, and lived to man's estate before entering a
profession, and had a background of life to look upon
which unfitted them for their profession. There might
be exceptions in instances of great talent or enthusiasm;
but the plaintiff was not such an instance. The results
of the present trial, if against his client, must be
lamentable, and he could not, therefore, but regret that
a more private tribunal had not been resorted to for
settling this difference. The Learned Sergeant then
went at great length, and with much eloquence, through
the evidence.
His LORDSHIP summed up, and the jury found a ver-
dict for the plaintiff—Damages, 2501.
The cause occupied the whole day, and was not over
until nearly 7 o'clock in the evening.

COURT OF EXCHEQUER, Feb. 18.
(Sittings at Nisi Prius, before Sir F. POLLOCK, Chief
Baron.)
PELL V. JONES.
Mr. Humfrey and Mr. Mellor were counsel for the
plaintiff; Mr. Sergeant Allen and Mr. Gray appeared
for the defendant.

This was an action brought to recover damages from
the defendant for the breach of a contract alleged to
have been entered into by him to transfer his interest in
certain shares in the Leicester and Bedford Railway
Company, which had not been ratified by any legisla-
tive enactment. It appears that 40 shares having been
allotted to the defendant in the above company, he was
not able to pay the deposit thereon, and being about to
quit England, he authorised Mr. George Pell, the
nephew of the plaintiff, who had advanced the money to
pay the deposit, to sell the shares when he could
realise a small sum by them. The shares were after-
wards sold to the plaintiff at a premium of U.; but when
the defendant was called on to ratify the transaction by
handing over the scrip certificates, he repudiated the
transaction, the shares being then at a premium
of 41. The action was afterwards brought by the
plaintiff, who contended now that he was entitled to re-
cover the highest value of the shares after the sale and
before the action was brought. On the part of the de-
fendant it was argued that the action could not be sus-
tained, as the authority ought to have been in writing,
and no shares had ever issued, but only scrip; and by
the Joint-Stock Companies Act no legal transfer could
be made of any interest in any such scheme till after the
act of incorporation had been obtained, which had not
been done.

The CHIEF BARON reserved the points raised by the
Learned Sergeant on the part of the defendant, and left
the question of damages contingently to the jury, by
whom they were assessed at 50/.

ARCHES' COURT. Feb. 18.
(Before Sir 11. J. FAST.)

THE OFFICE OF 'THE .TUDGE PROMOTED BY TROWER V.

HURST, CLERK.

This was originally a cause of office, promoted under
the directions of the Lord Bishop of Chichester, against
the Rev. Mr. Hurst, rector of Thackham, Sussex, for
highly immoral conduct. The usual proceedings hating
been taken, the Court pronounced the articles brought in
against the reverend gentleman proved, and sus-
pended him ab officio et bcneficio for the space of three
years, condemned him in the costs, and directed
that the suspension should continue until the customary
certificate of good conduct was lodged in the court.
That decree was duly. transmitted to the Consistory
Court of Chichester, to impound the profits of the bene-
ifincteo.
nS eagrureasntgr ao oenn
tissued
stior
rßs
tu, tbl eyr, ,
whichv o ehnot ewr ends
allowed to continue in possession of the glebe land, on
condition that he paid a rent-charge. The rev. gentle-
man
also occupied other land, on which there was a
sum of 79/. due for tithes under the Commutation Act.
Repeated applications had been made to him for the
payment of the moneys due, but he had failed to comply
with them.
Dr. HAGGARD (with whom
sohtwo
auaslsdr Dengora.trßdbeaedypfrotohrndeo)purcnooefied
nt-s
tended that the non-payment of these sums, inasmuch
as they constituted a part of the emoluments of the living,
was a disobedience of the sentence of the Court, and ha
now prayed the Court to issue a monition against Mr.
Hin contempt. In other cases where there had been a
urs
t to
disobediencesho owf the causewh
sentence,he not
of the living, but in contiguing to discharge ministerial
duties, that had been the 011160 pursued.

The Learned JUDGE observed, that this was certainly
a very novel proceeding in this court. When a sentence
was pronounced, it was sent to the bishop of the diocese
in which the benefice was situated, who took means to
enforce obedience to the decree, and was, in point of fact,
the ecclesiastical sheriff. On him devolved the duty of
levying the sequestration, and taking care that the divine
offices were performed. A spquestrator was appointed,
whose duty it was to make a return to the registrar of
what had been done, thus assimilating the practice to
that pursued in courts of common law. If a sheriff could
not make a levy, he must make a return to the Court, and
resort would then bo had to other means. If the Bishop
of Chichester had certified that he had appointed a se-
questrator, that Mr. Hurst had refused to pay, and that
he (the bishop) was unable to enforce the sentence, the
monition now prayed for might have been granted; but
the Court could not direct it to issue on the present ap-
plication. This was a case of non-payment rather than
of receiving the profits of the living. He must, there-
fore, refuse the motion.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
TATTERSALL'S—TnunsDAY.

A very flat afternoon, and no change of any moment
in either of the races now in betting. The Chester Cup
transactions were few in number, and without the slight-
est public interest. The same remark may be applied
to the other handicaps, while on the Derby the only
horse backed for any money was Epirote, on whom
several hundreds were laid out at 9 and 10 to 1. The
Horn of Chase was backed at 28 to 1 in hundreds, and
afterwards at 25 to 1 ; Bedlam once at 2,000 to 30, and
frequently at 1,000 to 20. Will-o'-the Wisp for about
1001. at 1,000 to 15, and 2,000 to 35 ; and Bingham fur
401. at 50 to 1. 800 to 100 was laid asst Van Tromp,
the taker giving six sovereigns fur the bet. Closing
prices.

NEWMARKET HANDICAP.
10 to 1 agst Lord Orford's Footstool—taken
20 to 1 agst Mr. Mostyn's Devil-me-care—taken
100 even on the field agst ten
It was for this race, not the Metropolitan, in which he is
not engaged, that Brocardo was scratched on Monday.

METROPOLITAN HANDICAP.

Nothing done.
TWO THOUSAND GUINEAS STAKES.
6 to 1 aget Sir R. Pigot's Conyngham—taken
300 even on the field aget Planet, Glentilt, and Conyug-
ham

CHESTER CUP.
20 to 1 agst Mr. Gully's Mendicant
25 to 1 agst Mr. B. Green's The Lamb
28 to 1 agst Mr. Herbert's Antler
30 to 1 agst Mr. Wilson's Punch
2000 to 60 agst Mr. Mostyn's Camera Obscura—taken
1000 to 25 agst Mr. Minor's Duke of Richmond—taken
40 to 1 agst Mr. Gratwicke's Fletch
1000 to 20 agst Mr. Skerrett's Intrepid—taken
50 to 1 agst Mr. W. Scott's Sir Tatton Sykes—taken and
afterwards offered
50 to 1 agst Mr. Hesseltine's Fitzallen
1000 to 15 agst Captain Pettat's Newcourt
1000 to 15 agst Lord Eglinton's Doleful—taken
1000 to 15 agst Mr. Gregory's Euclid colt—t. and aft. off.
4000 to 40 agst Mr. R. G. lifostyn's Premier (4 yrs)—taken
4000 to 50 agst Mr. Gratwicke's Doleful—taken
2000 to 25 agst Mr. A. W. Hill's Sweatmeat—taken
800 to 100 agst the three-year-olds—taken