The Sun.
London, England, 1841-07-03 00:00:00

[ORTHERN

TEE SUN LONDON, SATURD AY, JULY 3, 1841:

AIIVIAL STA'I'IS'I'SUS of

- -
The Ilioniteur publishes a Ic!Ig report, addressed by
M. Martin du Sadf Minister of justice, to the King, and
containing it general account of the administration of civil
and Cdranaercial Justice in France during the years 1837,
1831, and 18i39.
Tha 2,846 Justices of the peace throughout the
kingdom were called upon, in 1837, to deckle on
603,898 affairs ; in 1838, on 655,046 ; and 702,423
in 1839 ; in all, 1,961,367 affairs. The proportion of
affairs, as respected the population, was 1 for every
32 inhabitants, Of these affairs, 496,927 were adjudi-
cated upon after discussion; 289,150, by default; 842,534
were terminated by a transaction or arrangement
is
Court, and 309,695 were abandoned by the parties with-.
out trial. The affairs carried before the Justices of the'
Peace experience little or no delay, for only 8,368 re-
mained unsettled on the 31st of Deeenaber, 1339. The
786,077 judgments, after discussion aizci by default,
gave rise to 13,580 appeals, or 1 for 58 S!-Idgments•
9,007 of those appeals, however, were alone follouTd up,
5,244 of which were confirmed and 3,763 set aside.
The Councils of Prudhommes, sixty in number, who
are appointed to decide in contestations arising between
merchants, manufacturers, foremen, workmen, appren-
tices, &c., pronounced during those three years on 44,531
affairs, or, on an average, 14,844 per annion. 40,208
were amicably arranged by the private boar a, and the
4,323 remaining were referred to the general board.
.There were but sixty-two appeals against these judg-
ments.
Before the 361 civil tribunals of first instance 372,153
affairs were entered for trial in the same interval-viz.,
126,634 in 1837 ; 126,086 in 1838 ; and 119,373 in 1839.
If to these be added the 60,379 lying over on the 21st of
December, 1836, the total will amount to 432,532 affi&s.
Those Courts terminated 127,548 affairs in 1837, 132.111
in 1833, and 124,454 in 1839-in all, 384,113. Thepro-
portion of suits was one per 270 inhabitants. Of these
affairs, 196,907 were adjudicated upon after discussion,
83,817 by default, and 103,389 were terminated by trans-
action, renunciation, &c. On the 31st of December, 1839,
48,419 civil cases were lying over unsettled.
The increase of commercial affair?, already noticed in
the statistical account for 1835 and 1836 still continued in
the three following years. The 390 tribunals, both special
and civil, appointed to try commercial cases despatched
156,875 in 1837, 147,280 in 1838, 162,487 in 1839, or
466,642 during those three years, or on an average 155,547
per annum. This average had only been 112,362 in
the preceding triennial period. Of these, 126,581 were
adjudicated upon after discussion, 270,334, by default, and
67,727 by transaction, renunciation, &c. ; 8,847 were still
pending on the 31st of December, 1839. The average of
commercial cases, which was upwards of 40,700 per an-
num in Paris, 8,000 in Rouen, and 6,900 in Lyons, was
only 155 in the department of Finisterre, 146 in Morbi-
han, 147 in the Lower Alps, &c.
Before the 27 Royal Courts 11,064 cases were entered
for trial in 1837, 10,622 in 1838, and 11,095 in 1839. It
to those 32,781 affairs be added the 9,179 pending on the
31st of December,. 1836, the total will be 41,960. Those
Courts terminated 11,303 in 1837, 12,259 in 1838, and
11,460 in 1839-in all, 35,022. 24,234 affairs were ad-
judicated upon after discussion, 2,885 by default, and
7,903 by transaction, renunciations, &c. ; 6,961 remained
unsettled on the 31st of December, 1839.
The Chamber of Requests of the Court of Cassaticn
received 573 appeals in 1837, 588 in 1838, and 550 in
1839-or 1,711 during the three years. It delivered 443
decrees in 1837, 614 in 1838, and 519 in 1539-in all,
1,576. Of these, 864 rejected the appeals, and 712 ad-
mitted them, and sent the parties before the Civil Cham-
ber. The latter pronounced, during the three year?,
655 decrees, 248 rejecting the appeals, and 407 breaking
the judgments.
The demands to be separated addressed to the Courts
were 643 in 1837, 807 in 1838, and 772 in 1839 ; in all.
2,222, or, on an average, 741 per annum ; as compared
with the number of marriages, returned in 1836,
the proportion was one demand for every 8,360 mar-
riages annually. During the three years only one
demand of separation was made in the department
of the Landes, two in the Indre, Corsica, and the Lower
Alps, five in the Correze, Ardeche, and Upper Loire ;
four in Arriege, five in the Lot, Lozere, and Centel ; 113
were instituted by the husband, and 2,109 by the wife ;
seventy-three were entered into against the wife by the
husband, on the plea of adultery, four on account of her
having been condemned to some degrading penalty, and
thirty-six for illtreatment and severe injury. Of the
2,109 applications made by the wife ninety-five were
grounded on the adultery of the husband, forty-five on
his having been sentenced to a degrading penalty, and
1,969 for illtreatment and serious injury. 430 were with-
drawn before trial in consequence of the reconciliation
of the parties, or the death of one of them ; 1,618 were
admitted, and 174 rejected.
The number of legal adoptions during the three years
was 257.
The applications addressed to the'Courts to the effect
of interdicting persons from managing their property
were 2,583 ; 978, in 1837 ; 986, in 1838 ; and 619, in
1839. Of the 2,583 applications 1,568 were made by re-
latives, 1,279 of which were admitted and 289 rejected ;
and 1,015 by the Attorney-Generals, 708 of which were
admitted and 107 rejected. Only 70 appeals were en-
tered into against those 2,583 judgments.
The marriage dispensations granted under the law of
the 16th of April, 1832, was 251 in 1832, 686 in 1833,
692 in 1834, 549 in 1835, 516 in 1836, 457 in 1837, 571
in 1838, and 597 in 1839.

EVENING SUN.
PrEgEN 1) ITT
(From Tait's Edinburgh Magazine for July.)
to
lGoookvearrnomunedntthhasemh, hardly gt ix;
at
rhee pe
ae
lope lde
The very agreeable surprise prepared by the
ut ipmo ne
to
act. Fortunately, the line Qf public duty was
never more clearly defined, never less perplexed
by clashing interests, than at present. Were
nothing more to be gained than merely keeping
in the Whigs that they might proceed upon the
unmeaning policy of the last five years, we should
not consider it worth while to bestow a thought
upon the coming contest. But circumstances
have materially changed. There is renewed
hope; and much at stake, in the flirtherance or
retardation, for, it may be, a series of years, of
great and tangible measures of improvement,
essential to the prosperity of the country, and to
the well-being of every family in it. We, of
course, except that limited class who directly
profit by those abuses which are undermining
the strength of England, while they inflict
an immeasurable amount of suffering upon
the people. Our present, our urgent, - and
immediate duty is therefbre to seize the
opportunity offered. This is applicable to Reform-
ers of all grades, and of every varying shade
of opinion. Since the memorable defeat of the
Duke of Wellington, on the Reform measure,
and the dissolution which followed the resigna-
tion of the Tory Ministry, the duty of electors
has never been SD simple. The Whigs distinctly
promise a great and tangible good—and much
greater advantages are involved in the principle
of the revolution contemplated by their amended
fiscal-;scheme,—while the Tories, so far as has
yet appeared, shelter themselves under svecious
generalities, where they do not openly defend
the existing abuses. Their wary leader, on the
idea, as some one has hnmourously said, 02( a
coaxing nurse with a wayward child, bids us " shut
our eyes, and open our mouths, and see what luck
will send us," but the Tories, as a party, promise
nothing, and for the good reason that they are
aware the time has arrived when, if rulers pro-
mise, they will be forced to keep their word.
They will concede nothing ; and affect to treat the
people as ignorant or mad in their demands for
the abolition of the Corn Tax, and a change in
that monopoly system under which they have
thriven, whatever the nation has suffered. Many
of them frankly avow as much; and whether
they avow it or not, they will grapple their pil-
lage to the last; die in the last ditch in defence.-
tizeir right to tax our food, as they had nearly
cidtw 4,1 their struggle to retain the monopoly of'
which gave them the power to go-
lroad was ten years ago made by
a willing
v7rn the coontry for their own aggrandizement.
Govvricnent and a determined people
upon the Le
A successful i..
orgaty.an Monopoly. The people
are, in nearly-sunillar cii•eamstances, again called
upon to make a similar energetic assault. The
same inveterate opposition may be anticipated, or
hostility even more pertinacious ; for of what
comparative value was the monopoly of legisla-
tion to the landed aristocracy, and the East and
West India interests, save as it offered an easy
and safe means.of putting their hands into other
people's pockets
It is for- an onslaught, and it may be a final
one, upon this most precious privilege, orginally
obtained through the corrupt monopoly of legis-
lation, that the electoral body, that the whole
people, are now called upon to man themselves.
The Reform Bill, by breaking up, to a consider-
able extent, class legislation, armed us against
class monopolieS. We are now called to make
trial of our strength--to prove our weapon ; nor
is there a doubt of its being, if promptly and
dexterously employed, effectual for defence. It
were, ho never, as idle as unwise, to underrate
the strength of the enemy. Jt is still great; al id
it is put forth under skilful generalship. There
are no weakening intestine divoions in the camp
of the Tories. Like a dishonest trustee, with an
oppressed and wronged suitor, they are in a con-
dition to battle us, and keep us out of our rights,
with our own money ; nor will it be spa ed- This
cannot last fiw ever—nor for any long peciod,
un-
less the people choose to submit to it. A combi-
nation of untoward circumstances, which aye
mainly to he imputed to the imbecility which has
long prevailed in Whig counsels, is at present
against us, and temporarily favours the unholy
league of the combined monopolists; but oppo-
sition must give may, we would fain hope
speedily, if we really will it.
To this great object every effort should now be
bent; nor is an hour to be lost. Our enemies,.
long and silently recruiting strength after their
defeat in 1830, are already in the field, in force
not to be despised by a yudent antagonist. Like
the maniac in the access of his malady, despera-
tion lends them preternatural strength; and
though a protracted struggle mast induce even-
tual exhaustion, it may also give temporary power
to the madman to do a world of mischief to him-
self as well as to others.
We say himself, for we have never yet
taken the question of the Corn-laws into con-
sideration without looking to the real inte-
rests of the landowners; of the lunatics them-
selves, who, under a pitiable hallucination,
cannot perceive that though not the first
and greatest victims, their Order, their de-
scendants, must, as surely as that two and two
make four, be the ultimate sufferers from a
system which has crippled the energies, and in-
flicted cruel wrong upon the most industrious
and enterprising nation on the face of the earth.
What figure among the aristocracies of Europe
would English landowners make, if again re-
duced, by the decay of manufactures, to their
original condition ; left in their glory with their
retainers, their peasantry, and their priests? If
their understanding were not darkened by in-
tense selfishness, though they may have no
heart for mercy, no conscience for justice, they
might yet reflect upon the amazing wealth, the
unequalled splendour and luxury, to which the
industry and skill of their humbler fellow-
citizens have elevated them. What without this
were the value of their acres any more than
those of the Russian or Hungarian noble ? And
now in riches and luxury, what nobility can vie
with that of England'! If they do not know, all
the world besides is well aware, that the far-
spiad roots of their prosperity lie in the work-
shops and shipping ports of their country; in
its manufactures and commerce. If they can-
not feel iztgratitude, let them of their selfish
interests lear:, prudence. They cannot kill and
eat the goose-5t emblem for those who have
been their dupes:---and continue to gather its
golden eggs. Some clf the more intelligent and
right-minded of the order now perceive this; and
some of those who do nOt, yet conscientiously
feel and own that they have no right to tax the
food of their countrymen for thesr own exclusive
benefit.
But whatever course the Tories acd monopo-
lists may pursue, the present duty of the elec-
tors, and of the non electors,—of every man,
woman, and child whO lives by bread, and uses
sugar)--is very plain. It is to speak
can-
vass for, to vote for, the candidate who rand. y
pledges himself to the total and immediate
repeal of the Corn-laws, and for, to
uf
all that
if
this
taxes ; but on the understanding,
the instalment et
cannot all at once be carried,
present Ministers in obtainiengfied.
This distinct
Justice which they he will support the
of reform which, if delayed,
important measures
pledge should by
d Civil and religious
are never to be abandonseboavipeeasris exclude those other
ung attached to the specific
but there is meal „
Universal Suffrage, of
measures of Household or.
Abolition of Church Rates.
liberty are vague phrases,
often used to deceive ;
the Ballot, arALl.le________

TORT NOBLEMEN AND THE WESLEYAN'
METnooreTs.—" Do the Wesleyan Methodists know of
any Tory nobleman giving money and land for a chapel
m
or school? I do not." Thus said a very respectable
~ntieman, who also gave me the following statement
The present Earl Fitzwilliam and his late father have
esosiemyeaninserapecesle
and schools schools in the also, for the
neighbourhood of his own seat in Yorkshire, and also of
o andnine inw
several in Northamptonshire. The Noble Earl and Lord
gerievcentio jannd f,
Milton, in one instance, if not more, have become co-
trustees with the Wesleyan to their chapels. Often,
after leaving Wentworth church, Earl Fitzwilliam calls
at one of the schools; and though a poor collier may be
giving out a hymn or praying, he devoutly joins in the
worship, and afterwards seats himself down to teach a
class of children." Surely the above is worthy the atten-
tion of the Wesleyan electors, especially when contrasted
with the conduct of a Tory landlord a short time ago,
who prohibited the Methodists from preaching. on his
estate.—A Wesleyan Elector.
BOMBAY.—A singular revolution has lately
been produced here in the newspaper trade, PO to speak. The
preparation of newspapers for European circulation, now occu-
pying more of the time and attention of the_publishers tha
es n
tae
getting up.of papers fur readers in India. The principal-
blishment here, that of the Bombay, Times, began t
home monthly summaries for the first time i e
n Octobr last, and
then despatched betwixt 300 and 400. It now issue
resses to-
times this number ; and finding ordinary printing p
tally inadequate toAupply the demands of the public, is about
to introduce a priOng machine. Two years since a few hun-
dred newspapers only were sent heme from India altogethe
eamer.
r ;
now there'are from:8,000 to 10,000 despatched by each st
This should by and by come to produce important effects at
home. It is to the press of India that .people at home must
look for information on the affairs of India.
FAIRLOP FAlR.—This fair, which is annually
held on the first Friday in July, on a spot of ground in Hain-
auk Forest, Essex, took place on Friday, and a thinner attend-
ance of persons was never known on a like occasion. Formerly
Fairlop used to :be honoured by a numerous company ti
fashionables, and, in fact, was considered a respectable place
resort ; but of late years it has extremely degenerated, an.
those who assemble are chiefly of the lowest grades of seciet)
Indeed very few respectable persons were to be seen there o•
Friday. A body of the metropolitan police was on the green,
and rendered efficient aid iu preening order.