The Sun.
London, England, 1847-08-06 00:00:00

cto, he communicated with the popular members of
the Roman nobility ; and, through the intercession of
Prince BoaanzsE and Duke MASSIMO, obtained per-
mission from the Pormrr to render the schemes of
the enemy abortive, through the instrumentality of
the newly-organized National Guard. Simulta-
neously with the assembling of this military
force, composed entirely of the patrician and
middle classes of society, a placard was posted it•
the different streets, at the suggestion of Ciczno-
sraccio, enumerating the principal personages wht•
had conspired against Pope Pius and his people.
Upon the appearance of that placard the excitement
of the population exceeded all ordinary limits : the
guilty accomplices were captured, and the Romans
were avenged without the effusion of one drop of
blood. GRASSELINI, the Governor of the city, fron:
his evident connivance with the Austrian merce•
naries, and especially from his traitorous inactivity
throughout the whole of these transactions, was
summarily dismissed from authority, and his post
committed, pro tempore, to the charge of Alottitsaki,
the popular advocate. Cavalier AIINARDI was
only preserved from destruction at the hands of
the mob by the walls of an oratory opposite
S. Andrea dells Frate and the impassioned
appeals of the renowned orator Father VENTURA.
Such has been the perilous position of Pius IX. and
his people ! Such have been the devilish projects of
imperial Austria! Such has been the celebration of
the amnesty ! The result has, contrary to the inten-
tion of the absolutists, confirmed the popular enthu-
siasm towards the Sovereign Poirrirr, it has placed the
Liberal government of the Vatican on an indestruc-
tible foundation, above all, it has confirmed the re-
solution of the noble-hearted POPE in advancing
boldly along the sublime path upon which he has
adventured since the hour of his coronation.

Although we deeply regretted the recent decision
of the eleators of Lambeth, and their rejection of the

liberal and enlightened politician who, during four
successive Parliaments—indeed, from the period when
the elective franchise was first bestowed upon them
under the Reform Act—bad represented them with
distinguished ability, undeviating integrity, and un-
remitting zeal, there is at least this consolation, that
his successor is not one opposed to the principles which
have ever been put forward in the Senate on behalf of
that constituency. It is not a Protectionist, opposed
to the further development of the great doctrines of
free trade, and anxious again to re-establish, and, if

possible, to perpetuate the baneful monopoly under
which commerce was fettered and restrained, and our
national prosperity retarded and impaired for so many
years—it is Rot a Tory, opposed to all future reforms,
and anxious to maintain the abuses that hare gradually
accumulated about our institutions—that has been
elected in his place. We should have been indeed F rati-

their parents (the real offenders) should be made '
liable for the expenses of their maintenance and
education. The Spartan theory, that the children
belonged exclusively to the State, might partially be
Adopted ; whenever parents or friends took care of
the child, he should be suffered to remain under
their care, facilities for his education and the
itie cultivation of his mind being afforded
from the national Euhequer whenever they
ire not possessed of means sufficient to
provide it from their own resources ; but the in-
:tent that child is criminally convicted, prima facie
evidence is afforded that they have neg'ected their
luties,and unless that is satisfactorily rebutted,heshould
it once be taken from their hands, and consigned to
,hose national asylums where he may be brought up
to a sense of his position, a knowledge of the duties
he will be required to discharge in his future career,
end prepared by a judicious discipline for their due
performance.

fled to have seen Mr. CHARLES PEARSON returned as a
Member of the Legislature under other circumstanc, s,
and enabled to direct his extensive experience and
undoubted abilities to the service of his country in the
highest sphere of action, the Senate. There are many
points of the deepest interest and the most vital
Importance to the public generally to be discussed and
legislated on in the new Parliament. Much has
already been effected since the constitutional theory
of a populex representation ceased to be a mockery
and a delusion, but far more rema;ns to be done, and
we shall anxiously look for these ameliorations and
reforms at the hands of our Liberal Government
which their increased strength, not only in the Legis-
lature, but in that which alone constitutes the true
basis of Ministerial power—the public opinion—will

The Commission appointed by the Swiss Diet to
concert measures required by the hostile attitude
assumed by the Sonderbund assembled on the 31st
ult., and it was decided unanimously that coercion
is necessary to repress the attempts of the League.
The Executive Council of Berne has instructed its
Deputies to the Diet to make a motion for the
destruction of the fortifications which the Sonderbund
has undertaken to form wirhout the authority of the
Federal Assembly. The addresses to the Diet from
the democratic societies all express the firm resolu-
tion of the people not to fetter the action of the Le-
gislature by illegitimate manifestations.

enable them to carry by triumphant majorities.
There never was a period in our history when so
many grave and serious questions demanded a prompt
solution as at the present moment. On former occa-
sions some one or two topics absor:)ed the whole at-
tention of the people ; each was selected as the subject
of party warfare, as the battle-ground on which the
conflict was to be decided between hereditary oppo-
nents. Such was the Emancipation Act, the Reform
Bill, the free-trade measures, and others, that enlisted
the entire feelings and sympathies of the people with
the belligerents on either side. In the excitement
this created matters were lost sight of that would
otherwise have required the most attentive considera-
tion. This is happily no longer the case. Parties are
practically annihilated ; in place' of a blind and implicit
obedience to particular leaders, each question is
canvassed, and decided on its own particular merits,

its inherent claims, without reference to the
quarter from whence it has emanated, by whom
brought forward, or by whom supported. " Measures,
and not men," will henceforward prove the rule and
not the exception, and we may therefore reasonably
hope that many matters will be discussed and decided
upon in the new Parliament which were heretofore
postponed owing to the causes to which we have
alluded.

Mr. PEARSON, with a praiseworthy candour, pub•
Lished a full exposition of his views and feelings on

many of these subjects previous to the election. In
his first letter to the electors he enters into a topic
which must affect most materially the future pros-
pects, the happiness or misery of thousands and tens
of thousands of our fellow-creatures, on the result of
which must depend whether neglected and helpless

children, those deprived of the affectionate care of
parents, and left without any legitimate protectors or
guardians, are to be plunged into vice and depravity,
and wholly demoralised, until they become thieves and
pickpockets, preying upon the industry and resources
of others, habitual violaters of the law, perpetrators
of offences of every degree of magnitude from the pet-
tiest theft to the most atrocious homicide, or converted
into useful and industrious members of society,

went had gone no farther—but if internal events
rendered the employment of other means necessary, it
would not fail in the duties which the interests of
France imposed. As to Daly, France had no territorial
or immediate interest there; but, having constant rela-
tions with that country, she ought to attach a great
importance to the maintenance of peace there. The
chief condition of that peace was the existence of a good
intelligence between the Government and the people
governed; the only true policy of France was to call
attention constantly to that condition, and to favour
everything that was calculated to maintain it. It was a
truly noble sight to behold the Sovereign Pontiff carry-
ing out wholesome reforms—so grand a spectacle had
not before been given to the world! There was no fear
that the Pope would forget the principles of order
and authority that ought elway a to preside ever such
efforts; and all the European Governments would
commit an enormous fault, he might almost say,
a crime, if they did not support him with all
their force in the difficult task which he had undertaken.
They ought to be the more ready to lend their aid arid
countenance, that the enterprise presented gri at chances
of success. For Governments entering on the path of
reform, the greatest danger was to be apprehended
from the extreme partits; it was to the moderate section
of society alone to which it appertained to carry out
reforms—to accomplish moral revolutions. At the pre-
sent moment such a moderate party was beginning to
appear in Italy. In presence of the extreme parties, the
intelligent and moral forces of the country had compre-
hended the neces,ity of putting themselves forward. and
supporting the Pope and his policy. The duty of
France was to afford them aid—to support the Govern-
ment and the moderate party. Such was the natural
mission of France everywhere, and particularly in
Italy.
" Count de Montalembert wished the Hon. Minister
to say something on the late occupation of Ferrara by
the Austrian troops. The act was certainly a very
grave one.
" The aiinister of Foreign Affairs—The act was by
no means certain, and he was-inclined to think that it
had not taken place. Consequently, he must be per-
mitted to remain silent both as to the fact and the right."
In commenting on this exposé of M. Cauzofs po-
licy the Constitutionne/ says—
" As regards Switzerland, M. Guizot has taken a part
which is really convenient. He denies all the inten-
tions that have been ascribed to him, or rather of which
facts, those incorruptible witnesses accuse him, but he
persists in his policy. Thus he affirms that be never
pretended to mix hineelf up in the internal affairs of
Switzerland ; that he never meant to refuse it the right
of modifyiug its constitution ; that be never thought of
a foreign intervention as a means of restraining the
flight of Helvetic liberalism. What then signify the
threatening notes which he has caused to be addressed
to the Vorurt ? What the complicity of the Cabinet
with Austria ? There is a simple reason, according to
M. Guizot, and that reason put forward with impertur-
bable aplomb is simply
a calumny. The present
movement of Switzerland, according to what M.
Guizot says, is owing to the basest, the most subver-
sive passions. All the world may have belie-Ved that
there is an honest and regular Government in Switzer-
land, but no, there are inily anarchy, baseness, and
communism. This is what M. Guiz.4 combats, and
not the impiescriptible right of Switzerland to govern
itself, aed to put its constitution in harmony with
new wants and interests. But this right which he would
be disposed to recognise in. for example, a wise 6wil z -r-
-land, a Switzerland Austrian and Absolutist, he refuses
to this anarchical •rlanii, which commits the faultof
nutting in prawice the principles of the revolution whien
have been so hildly repodiati-d by our Gov-,rnrnent. On
the whole, it is
p.ainE.t an opinion, thieM. Guizot makes
war in Switzerland ; it is against an opinion that he
draws up flutes; it is to combat un opinion that he sus-
tains the insurrectional league of the s- yen cantons.
Now remar k that this opinion according to him is in a
majority iu ti e Helvetic republic ; it unites thirteen
votes in the Diet. -It is then to the majority of &Nit.
z-rland, to the cantons the most populous, the richest,
the most innustrieus, the most liberal, the most devoted
to Fraud?, that be addressed the insu:ts of his speech of
yesterda). An absurd and ciirorary to all our
interests! a caluarny .hich is only a pretext, and whichhides an adonte I part of servilely following Austria. in
' order to escape in appearance from the teal isolation in
which the Government has so ably placed itself! In
reply to the second part of the questions of M. de
Flavigny, M. Guia.it could only fina on Italy, and on
the noble etf arts of the Pope, some vague generalities,
which do not engage him either with re.pect to the Holy
Father or to Austria, and which leave him perfectly free
to follow, accorddig to circumstances, one or the other."
It is clearly the true interest of France to support
and encourage in every possible manner the liberty
of Switzerland and Italy ; but the national interests
of France are sacrificed to the personal interests of the
dynasty, which repudiates its revolutionary origin,
and is content to reign by the grace of Austria, so
that it is permitted to exploiter Spain as well as
France, for the benefit of the family.
A letter from Toulon of the 31st ult. says " We
think we can announce in a positive manner that the
Labrador carries out an order to the Prince DE JOIN-
VILLE to return immediately to Toulon with the
squadron under his command. It. appears that the
presence of our fleet on the coasts of Italy, at the
moment when Austria is assuming a menacing atti-
tude, is become an embarrassment. The PRINCE in-
tended going this year, as the last, to Tripoli, in
Barbary, and had already sent forward to these lati-
tudes the Panama steamer, which returned from Na-
ples on the 19th."
COCAS AUTIIENTIQUIC, PARIS, AUGUST 4.—Five per Cents.,
118 f. 25c. 35e. 40c. 500. 45c. 40c. 35c. i Four per Cents, 101 f.
50c.; Three per Cents., 77f. 76f.95c., Treasury Bonds, 51,10.;
Bank of France, 3,210 f. ; Obligations of the City, 1,265 f. ;
Neapolitans, Rothschild 's def., 101 f. 60c. • Romans, 981,4 14
98f.; Belgian Five per Cents., 1342, 10A, ; Exchange on
London—one month, paper, 25f. 20c. ; money, 25 20; three
months, money, 25.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, AUGUST 5.
Dutch Rhenish, 3—Northern of France, 11%—Orleans
and Bordeaux, s—Sambre and Meuse, 7.

We read in a letter from Rome, of the 28th ult.—
" I have already spoken to you of the almost cordial
entente between the Cabinets of Vienna and Paris on the
subject of the Pontifical States. Facts, the most plausi-
ble conjectures, and public opinion, as expressed in
several journals publisheil at Rome, leave no doubt on
this subject. The Austrian Government offers its me
fiation to the Pope between his people and himself in
the event of any disturbance, but it instructed its Nuncio
at Rome to rate that it will intervene only if required
to do so by the Pontifical Government. This, however,
did not prevent its sending, on the 16th, 1,500 men—
with artillery and matches lighted—into Ferrara; reckon.
ing, without doubt, that at that date the revolution was
consummated, and its intervention could not be retarded.
And what was the French Government doing at the same
time? It also offered, by a diplomatic note, the sam-
-ervices and the same intervention in the event of a re-
,-olution. The note, it is true, added that the French Go-
vernment would defend the independence of the Pope
against all, if any attempt should be made openly to
shackle the reforms of Pius IX —an act of astounding
magnanimity, says an Italian journal, when this inde-
pendence is guaranteed by treaties, and when, on the
ether hand, it is impossible to suppose that any Govern-
ment would openly oppose the administrative acts of an
,ndependent sovereign. But it is well, in order to corn-
elete the parallel, to add that at the same date—viz.,
the 16th ult., several French vessels showed themselves
tt Civita-Vecchia. and remained there two days, with
he intention, probably, of procuring for the Pontifical
Government the same protection as that pr. rented by
the Austrian troops at Ferrara. The same idea of pro-
-ction led to the manmuvring, at the same time, of a
Neapolitan army on the frontier of the Poatifical States.
Ellis is truly an affecting accord of protections."
" The celebrated Nardoni, who, from a simple gen-
larme, became colonel of the carubineers, that is to
,ay, chiet of the police under the old administration,
and who possessed the confidence of the ex- Governor,
ii rasselini,. has just been arrested in the environs of
Absent), after several days' minute researches. This ar-
rest is very important, for the man appears to be one
-,f the principal chiefs of the conspiracy which has j
!menaced Rome. The Pope had several weeks ago

earning their daily bread by their honest labour. Mr.
PEARSON states, and with truth, " that when one of
these unhappy children gets carried to prison for his
first offence, you may very safely predicate that in
plunder or in prison expenses he will cost the nation
from 100/. to 2001. before be is finally disposed
of." There can be little doubt of this ; in-
deed, it would be easy to show that the
amount is much underrated. It becomes,

irdered him to return to Naples, his native o,,untry ;
but whether he avoided the execution of this order, or
whether he returned for the execution of the plot, it is
certain that his presence was signalised at Albano from
the 15th of this month, the day on which all was dis-
covered. He endeavoured to hide himself, by flight.
from the active re-earches of 30 national guards, who
Tontatteously started to capture him, but he could nut
escape. Several other arrests, equally important, have
also been effected, and will place in the hands of justice
all the projects arid all the agents of the plot."'
A letter from Bologna of the 28th ult. says—

"The accounts which we receive from the different
provinces prove that the conspiracy has not been con-
fined to the capital, for there have been disturbances in
other parts. It is worthy or remark that these disturb-
ances have coincided with the arrival of the Austrians at
Ferrara and the march of the Neapolitan troops towards
the frontier. It is said that several thousands sent from
Naples have arrived at Portello. Nothing is thought of
but how to organize a resistance to the Austrians, in
case they should attempt to invade the dominions of the
Pontificate. The -Austrian General _is arrived at Fer.-
rara, and iiapsrial troops are socarattlating on the banks
of the Po. On Sunday the 25th, the anniversary of the
death of the brothers Bandeira and their com-
panions, the young men of our town attended a mass
I celebrated at the Church of Saint James, in honour of
these unfortunate persons. The letters and journals
from Rome confirm the important news lately circulated.
The new Secretary of State has protested against the
entrance of the Austrians into Ferrara. Colonel Freddi
and Captain Oloi have been arrested near the frontier of
Naples, and further arrests have been made at Rome in
consequence of the disclosures by the papers which have
been seized."

We learn from Naples that the disturbances in

the Calabrias are not yet at an end, and that armed
bands continue to infest the mountains and forests.
The gendarmes of the kingdom, which form a corps
of 1,500 men, and the best part of the Neapoli-
tan army, almost exclusively furnish the detach-
ments sent in pursuit of the Calabrian brigands. A
certain number have been captured, and the Govern-
ment will, it is believed, send them to the Lipau
Islands, as they did last year, with the bandit chief
DALARICO. Attacks upon property are still made,
particularly upon the estates belonging to the great
feudal lords. Letters threatening pillage and fire are
still disseminated.

The KING, on returning from his excursion,
Landed at Paolo, in Calabria, with the view of

acquiring correct inf)rmation as to passing events.
Immediately after the return of hi:4 MAJESTY to
Naples, on the 19th ult., a Council of Ministers was
called to deliberate upon the measures required fl.r
pacifying and improving the condition of the southern
provinces and Sicily.

ARRIVALS AT THE ROYAL ALBION HOTEL, RAMS-
Sir George Rose, Hannan
and tamily;
Rev. Dr. Ashurst, Gen. Pollock, L' rd Skelmersdale and
ESi..r q., R
aunb(e i rtta emoilmy);
E.
Lio)d.
family, the Dowager Viseountess Itc,Enney, Prince and
Princess Doris and suite, from the continent.
The Duke and Duchess of Buccleuch have arrived
at Datketh Pulse. .1 he Nuble Duke honoured the (Ali
e,rs oi the Nlhilothian Ye,,1„,.,„1.) with his
company to
d pner at. Illinburgh, on Friday last.

Madrid papers of the 29th and 30th ult. have

tla.Yo'f%eLnii-intgit tuo tl,e Right Hon. the
PUBLIC DINNER TO THE- LORD ADVOCATE OF
public (hurler was
Trinity-house. The Hon. the
SgLiCovoreTdi
ILA: ;d Dvt
oh. AND.--J" Ot inhabitantsp ii lki
il , t h
.:„
Provost of Leith occupied the chair, supported on the
right by the Lord Advocete, the Right Hon. the Lord
)r Girdwond fled Murton,
Robert:v()t et
Ceunsollor Seeks; oil the
tett by W. Giost'n Craig, Esq., M.P., Bailie Callender,
i MuEbdrair;, Edinburgh,
E r.gqh, altilie3
Jamas Duncan, Esq., and the Rev. Mr. Davidson. John
Smith, E,q., Master of the Trinity House, acted as 1
croupier, supported by A. J. Logan, Esq., J. G. Thomson,
l , &qt., David Smith, ant John
e
BTerhrey
t..11,,,,ing
were among the t asts
Eeicitc”rieGll,-°Ejgseq.
eiven on the occasion:—"The health of the Lord Ad, o.
e .te;" " 'l2 he health of Mr. Gibson Craig ;" by the Lord
A• vocate, " Ihe Provost, Marestrates, and Council of
Leith ;" by Mr. G. Craig, •` Prosperity to the port and
the shipping, and comeneicial interests of Leith ;" by
le-. Berry, " M-sy the result of the elecions now pro-
aeeding conduce to the wooe government and cons, qie-nt
welfare of the country;" by the Rev. Mr. Stevenson,
" The came of education;" by the chairmen, " The
Lord Provost and Magistrates of Edinburgh;" by Mr.
Mitchell, " Lord Murray ;" by the croupier. Tue
clergy of Leith, of all denominations;" by. the Lord Ad-
vocate, " The chairman;" by Bailie Gird wood, "Incor-
porations of Leith ;" by Mr. L gan, " Civil and religious
liberty;" by the croupier, " The hat bour and dock rom-
niissionera; by the Rev. Dr. ILirp,r, " CharitaAe in
stitutiona of Leith;" by Mr. Thom, "The croupier and
the Trinity House of Leith."—North British Mail.
THE LATE SIR GEORGE MARTIN.—The mortal
remains of this aged and distinguished oilier were in-
terred yesterday at Lee Church, Kent. The funeral
was comparatively private, being attended only by the
immediate relatives of the deceased. The funeral ser-
vice was read by the Rev. Mr. Sy mes, after which the
coffin was consigned to the family vault.
The Duke of Devonshire left Devonshire House
yesterday for Chatsworth, Derbyshire, where his Grace
will receive a family circle up to Tuesday next, and
then repair to Bolton Abbey.
DIORAMA, REGENT'S VARIC.—The following have
been amongst the recent visitors at this establishment,
via.:—The Duke and Duchess of Atholl, the Marquis of
AileaburY, Lady G. Grey, Mrs. Punter, Bunsen, 1
Esq., and family, the Countess of Coarlemont, Viscount 1
Fending, the Hon. Mr. Tudor, the Earl of Euston, the
Ladies Bentinek, the Hon. Frederick West, the Dowager
Countess of Charleville. Scc.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Westminster and
Lady Caroline Grosvenor leave Grosvenor House to-day
tor Nuneham Park, on a visit to the Archbishop of
York.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE METROPOLIS.—The sixth
report of the Commissioners for the Improvement of the
Metropolis has just been published. It chiefly relates
to the idea which has more than once been brought
forward, of erecting a public national record-office on
a scale of magnitude commensurate with the greatness of
the country, and the number and value of its public do-
cuments. The site which Mr. Bennethorne, the archi-
tect, proposes for the building is the Rolls estate, lying
between Chancery and Feuer- lane. The eAimated cost
of the building is 175. 0001., the fittings 31,5001. ; the
houses and ground which it would be necessary to pur-
chase, 243,0001. ; making the total cost 450,0004 It is
to be observed however, that this incluil, s the erection
of several shert streets in the immediate neighbourhoed of
the PrePosed record-office.
FATAL CoAL-PIT ACCIDENT.—About nine o'clock
on the morning of Wedues my last, a fatal and most dis-
tressing accident occurred ut a sinking pit, near Cause-
way-green, by which two men lost their lives. It ap
pears that the deceased, whose names were Joseph Bir-
chen and James Woodhouse, ha i been descending the
pit for the purpose of relieving two other teen who wart,
working below, when, from some cause or other, part of
the machinery broke, and they were dra.vn at a ti- then_
dens rate up the pit, and were thrown a great di.taime
.eto the air, hut escaped falling down the shaft :wain
IhoweThe injuries they received,
ver, were of so seleou
a nature that they shortly afterwards died. The in-
cluegtVere tield Crii Thundayo. Woroosta-Mire Chronicle.

arrived.

The QUEER has been slightly indisposed at La
Granja. Her MAJESTY, however, who is completely
recovered, is about to proceed for a few days to Biofrio.
The interior custom-houses of Spain are, it is said,
to be definitively suppressed.

then, a question whether, setting aside all the
higher considerations that should influence Christian
men, indeed every one possessed of the commonest
feelings of humanity, it would not be a matter of
sound economy, by which a great pecuniary saving
of pounds, shillings, and pence would be obtained,
to effect a total change in the present system. Mr.
P ARSON says—" If the Legislature would combine
courage with prudence, and would provide instead of
prisons, asylums in which those unfortunates could be
age
and disciplined in hard work, suitable to their
and strengb, and where they could, at the same time,e
receive appropriate instruction, combined with moral
and religious training, they would become in after
life good labourers and servants, good soldiers and
good sailors, or good colonists of a value to the
nation, equal in amount to the sum they cost the
nation under the present system." Why, then,
should an experiment from which such happy results
may fairly be looked for, remain untried? The
present state of the law
nreloaftinnignettoeemnionrortswies•nat3r perfect
in t
anomaly, as a young ma
of age, fully educated, and who ought every respect
to be responsible for his actions, may incur debts,
and obtain the property of tradesmen with perfect im-
punity—he may be possessed of considerable property,
and have all the ability to pay, and yet he will be
justified in treating his creditors with contumely, and
in wholly refusing any satisfaction for the contracts
into which he may have entered—he may laugh at
their folly, and many an honest tradesman may have
to bewail his misplaced confidence ; but let an
unhappyap
operationp les,orc boiifnl dt,ahneoyf c tenrdiemgironerael elevenbernegm
ahnid years, purloin a few
self7l'it
forthwithh he i i nthes
committed to
gaol, Bogged publicly
presiding
oder
magistrate, privately,
according to the whim of the e
and his ruin for life unhesitatingly
fiv
incid decided on.
' Children of that acre are not the
infliction ; they do not undersgtan
d the
cause penal objectsne
cause of their punishment, they suffer it,
and on their release are more ready than
ever to plunge into new crimes, to become the
tools and instruments of more experienced and
hardened offenders. Such things should not be sanc-
tioned or permitted in an enlightened, a Christian
country. Those who have no parents to direct t'a.-ma to
fi.ter pursuits should be looked on as the children of
the State, and have extended to them that parental
care of which they are deprived. 11. hobo who, on the
other hand, have parents who neglect their natural duty
amid ilot be übanclottett to miiely SW ice, but

General PRIM arrived at Barcelona on the 21st,
en route for Marseilles.

There are several Carlist bands in Catalonia and
Gerona.

The expeditionary army in Portugal had com-
menced its return. Ten battalions, however, are to
remain—four for a month, and six for an unlimited
period. It is said that serious dissensions have broken
out between the KING-CONSORT of Portugal and
Count MENSDORIF, and that the Queen of PonTuaaL
has refused to comply with the requisitions of the
Allies.

MADRID BOLSA, JULY 30.—The Three per Cents.
26i for cash ; the Five per Cents, 17k. Exchange
on London, 49 40.

We have received the Paris papers of Wednesday.
A question put by Viscount FLAVIGNY in the
Chamber of Peers on Tuesday, elicited from M.
GIIIZOT the following programme of the policy, which
he intends to pursue with regard to Switzerland and
Italy :--

" The Chamber could not be surprised if he spoke
on these two subjects with a certain reserve, For-
tunately, in neither case had the policy of France
anything to conceal. In what related to Switzer-
land, he wished first of all to set aside two false
and irritating notions. It was alleged that France
intended meddling with the internal affairs of
that country—in fact, intervening. Nothing of the sort
was intended. Not that he admitted any absolute rule
on the subject. Non-intervention, like peace, was the
natural state ; but that did net say that there was never
to be occasion for intervention, any more than that a
legitimate cause for war might not arise. All that he
did at present was to deny any idea of intervention, at
the same time that he reserved the rights of his coun-
try. The second idea which he rejected was that
Fr.lnce was opposed to a reform of the fuderel compact ;
that idea was just as erroneous. France would con
fine herself to maintaining all that constituted interna-
tional right. The French Government honoured and
respected Switzerland, and considered her independence
and her constitution intimately conneceel with the great
interests of Europe. Nobody could deny that the neu-
trality of Switzerland was bound up with her constitu-
tion, and that, consequently, France had a great interest
to maintain the contedelatien such as it was at present.
And in what name where the changes spoken of de-
manded ? In that of the most radical ideas—of ideas,
which wherever they prevailed, brought about the shame
and ruin of the country where they were in force. These
ideas, tar irom being new, as was represented, were old
ones revived, and would destroy Switzerland, if she suf-
fered herself to be guided by them. By what means,
too, were they upheld ? By the most violent and irre-
gular. Was it possible for any one to say that France
conl,l remain indifferent when such things were pas,ine ?
ILL what h.,; the French Government done
it threatened, had it employed force ? Not in the
slightest degree. It had expressed its opinion, and re-
befrlA it§ Veit for the future. Tip grouch Gonia.

THE SUI 4, idOgDON. PIdDAY EVENING, ATTOr.iT§T 6, 1847.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.

CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.
The Cotton market at Liverpool yesterday was dull
and heavy, at previous rates. Sales, 3,000 bales, in-
cluding 2,500 American, at 61d. to Id. ; and 300 Surat,
at 4id. to 50. per lb.—There was but little business
done in Railway Shares, which were all at lower prices.
The corn market is heavy this morning, but is not
considered lower than on Monday. The truth of the
matter is, however, that parties will not buy, and the
dealers therefore nominally keep up the quotations.
There is a heavy failure already reported, and this is
considered to be but the prelude of others.
The following ieforniation is afforded in a letter from
Messrs. Phillpotts and Co., of Gloucester, upon the sub-
ject of the corn-trade and the harvest
" The dry weather, which set in at the end of June'
continued without intermission during the greater part
of the past month, during which period blight and in-
sects prevailed to an unusual extent; so that some heavy
showers about the 20th July. though lodging the crepe
in partial instances, were, on the whole, of great service.
•• Wheat has ripen, d more rapidly than fir many
years; but complaints of blight, yeilow maggot, and de-
fective heads, are so general, that the re suit of this crop
cannot be sat( ly judged of until thrashing has com-
menced. At present we see no good reason to expect
more than an average crop. Relipimt begins generally
this week, end we may expect that farmers wi:ltise every
effort to bring the new crop early to market. Until the
10th ult. our prices continued to decline. The small
supply of English Wheat, and high prices demanded by
holders, then caused the consumption of Foreign to in-
crease, And large quantities of the best samples changed
hands for immediate use. The increase of foreign ar-
rivals, with the prospect of the harvest being soon
commenced, has now led to a decided reaction, and
much larger deliveries have been brought forward by our
own growers during the past fortnight. As holders,
have shown more disposition to realise, purchasers have'
lacted with caution, and the stocks of millers and dealt ra
are reduced to an extremely low point. Reports of
foreign harvests are generally favourable, and the de-
cline of prices in America fully corresponds with that
experienced in this country. Should our own crops be
well secured, we cannot expect higher prices; but un-
favourable weather before our harvest is completed,
might cause great excitement, and a speedy diminution
of the stocks in merchants' bands."
The Bank of England adopted late yesterday after-
noon a still more stringent course in respect to discounts.
The minimum charge being now 5i per cent. upon all
bills, without reference to date. It is supposed that the
French Loan was to have been brought out in a few days,
and that these measures are to warn our capitalists
against participation therein.
The Stock Market is in an agitated state yet, and
there are but few Bulls. Consols have been as low as
86i for money, but since 86i, and 86i for time, though
new 87 to *. A large purchase, about 150,0001
has been made by Lawrence,' Cazenove, and Company,
but we may expect occasional dealirgs of this kind to
close accounts. Exchequer-bills have been marked 3s.
premium to 3s. discount; and India Bonds of 1,0001.
have been as low as 104. discount. The New Three-
end-a Quarter per Cents. have t.,en marked 881- to 88i.
East India Stock is at 242.

The Foreign Setairitics are very inactive. Spanish Five
prr Cents. for Account have realiseti 20i and the 'rhree
per Cents. 30. Mexican bonds have been (rioted 17k.
Austrian stock has realised 105 k. Dutch Two and-a-
Half per Cents. we 56j.
Railway Shares all range at lower prices, with very
li.tle buiiness doing.
Bill Listi FUNDs THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
(From the Official List.)
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 87%14867487 %
3 per Cent. Consols Anns 867043/4
New 31, per Cent. Annuities
Long Annuities, Jan. sth, Expire 1860 9 1-16 9
India Stock i 242
India Bonds 1,000! ... ........ ... 10 dis
South Sea Stock 95%
Consols for Account .
exchequer Bills. 3d.
1,000/.
5001.
Small
I ItlOE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE o'CLOCK.
Austrian Bonde, 5 per Cent. ... 1051 A
Mexican Bonds, 1546, 5 per Cent. 17*
Spanish Bonds, 5 par Cent, 1840... .."--
. Ditto for the Account
Ditto 3 per Cent —
Ditto for the Account 3O
Dividends on Me above payable in London.
Dutch 21/.2 per Cants
Ditto for the Account
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates
BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK.
RAILWAYS. PAID. PEI SLUM,
Birmingham, W 01.,& Dudley 10 ... . 153/4 to
Buckinghamshire.. 6/. 4$ ll/8 dis. to 1 dis.
Eastern Counties
Do. Perpet., 5 per ct. No. 1,6/. 13s. 4d...
Do., do N0.2,6/. 138.4 d... % p... to
Do., York Extension 7 LA...... 61, to
East Lincolnshire
Great Northern - 3% to --
Gt. South. & West. (Ireland) 36
Great Western
Ditto, Quarter Shares
Ditto, Fifths 2O , ...... 26 ...... to
Do. New 17/ •...
Lancaster and Carlisle
Leeds and Bradtord
London 4,, Blackwall...l6l. 13s. 4d '6l4 • • •,- to
Lond., Bright., & South Coast 50
London and Greenwich... 12/.155. 4d 9% to
London and North N 1 estern..loo ......170
Do. Quarter .....L. and B. 12
Do. do. New .......... ...... 2
Do. 10/. .. M. and B. (B.) 5 .'..... 142 to
London and S. Western.... 41/. 6s 10d 66
Ditto Scrip SCI.
Midland lOO l2O 122.. to 118
Ditto, 40/. Shares
Ditto, 501. Shares-- ...... 6
Newcastle and Berwick
Ditto New 5 ...... 8 -1/470/8 to
Vortolk
Ditto New 20/. .. 5 ..... 714 to
North British - to
Ditto Hal( Shares. l2tA 1334...... to
Do. Quarters • 3%
Ditto, Extension % % to
Ditto Thirds ... ......... —.... 1 ...,.. 2%14 to
North Staffordshire 71,4 -..... Wm 36... to 9
Preston and Wyre ,
Ditto, Half Shares ....( A) 81,4 1214.... to
Ditto ditto (B) 1.4
Royston and Hitchiu ... 1%...... 11/2% to
Scottish Central
:,lirewebury and Birmingham 34...... 2,, to --
South StatfOrdshire ...
South Eastern and Dover
Ditto New, No. 4. ...... ...... 6% 5% to
South Yorkshire, Doncaster,
and Goole . ..
West [tiding Union 4/. 2s. %%dis... to
Windsor, Staines, and South
Western 42s.
York cud Newcastle ••• •• 25 _ _

Ditto, Extension
Ditto, Preference 8 .. ... IVA...—. to
York and North Midland
I,itto. Extension
Ditto, Preference
FOREIGN RAILWAYS.
Greit Southern of Madras ... SF•
Namur and Liege.......
Northern of France
Parn. and Lyons
Paris and Rouen .. ... 20
JOINT STOOK BANKS.
Union of London ... 10
MINES.

Real del Monte, Unregistered

LLOYD'S SIIIPPING—(THIS DAY.)
LONDON, AUG. 6. Ind N.N.W., light breeze, and
clouJy.
DEAL, Am. s.—Wind S.W., fresh and cloudy.—Arrd.
Spartan, Henry, Port Philip; Annie, Potter, China;
Elixibeth and Antoin,tte, Risur. Batavia, and mile I for
Amsterdam; Coverdale Beverly, Mauritius; Broad Axe.
Rio Janeiro; Jane and Barbara, Brown, New York;
Gratitude, Forrest, St. John's, New Brunswick. and
sailed for Yarmouth. Arrd. from the river, Louisa,
Sydney; Diamond, Calcutta; Gilbert Munro, Digby,
Nlonsoorcottah ; Helen Macgregor, Davie, and Great
Britain, Montreal. Put beck Orestes, for Madras; and
United Kingdom, for Honduras. A vessel, apparently
a brig, with cutwater finished in fiddle bead style, was
passed, dismasted and waterlogged, 14th ult., in lat. 43
N., lon. 41 W., by the Gratitude. in the Downs.
PORTSMOUTH, AUG. s.—Wind W.S.W.—SId. Mala;
bar, Bombay; Monarch, Calcutta; Rainbow, Quebec. -
CovvEs, Aub. s.—Wind W.—Arrd. Beaufort, Whit •
well, Sr.. Jagu de Cuba, and sailed for London; Parana,
Gooding. Havannah.
OFF PORTLAND. AUG. 3 —Flora, Baltimore.

PLYMuUTH, Auc. s.—Wind S.V.—Arrd. Ceres, Cul-
verivell, Sierra Leone; Chapman, Quebec.
ratmottTn. AUG. s.—Wind W.S.W.—Off port, 3d,
Dims, New York for Bremen.

LANCASTER.—SId. Chieftain and Burrell, Quebec.
SinELDS, AUG. s,—Wind S. to S.S.W.—Arrd. Eliza
beth, Marshall, Quebec.

NULL, Au°. s.—Wind tresb.—Arrcl. Hum-
ber. Lawson, Quebec; Eliza, Brown, Greenland.
BRISTOL, AUG. 5. Wind W.S.W.—Arrd. Wallace,
Quebec.

LIVERPOOL, Auct. s.—Wind W. light.—Arrd. Mary
tnn, Campbell, St John's, New Brunswick; Fame, Rio
Grande; Ann Whe, Herbert, Baltimore; Ann Dingwell,
Brown, ,Montreal. Sid. 4.h, Mary Ray, Donerara;
John tiorton, ditto; Sardine( r, New York; Ann Cruise,
Nova Scotia; Tho,nas, Quebec; Hero, Newfoundland;
sth, Ann Armstrong, Rio Janeiro; Sarah, Mootresl;
Elisabeth, Quebec. Off port, British Princess, New
Orleans; MarprPt, Larne, Jane. and Rirmosa.
WEXFORD.—Arrd. Erin, M`Donald, Quebec,

SMOKERS.—It has been surmised, from the follow-
ing extraei, that the author of the Botanic Gardeo is no
smoke: ; be this as it may, we give it for the benefit of
our readers. " From the smoker of tobacco it should
not be concealed, that the essential oil of tobacco, like
that from its kindred plants, henbane and deadly night-
shade, is a virulent poison ; and which, in smoking, is
inhaled and swallowed, and is frequently productive of
paralysis. Its frequent use, like that of opium. renders
the system less siis,!eptible of its active q ; this,
hol%ever, is but the evidence of disordered funetiotb;,—of
natural s:=nsiiivenesi destroyed ; an tMct which, like
the effects of other poisons, 'can only be advantageowl
where rendere4uecenary by diseve • •