The Sun.
London, England, 1841-05-10 00:00:00

stJX,i.LQNDIN, MONDAY, 11IAY. 10, 1841.

slaves. Will Dr. LUSHINGTON, or will any man,
dare to tell the people of Europe, with the com-
paratively free labourer of England and Ireland
toiling more for less wages than any slaves that
ever existed, that slave labour in the Brazils and
in Cuba is cheaper to the planters than free la-
bour in Jamaica or Antigua ?
But there are other considerations which the
anti-slavery people overlook in their zeal. What,
for example, can the poor wretches stolen from
Africa, cooped up in ships, and landed half dead
with fright and disease, know of the cultivation
of sugar ? It must take months to teach them,
and it will require weeks before they can begin
to learn. . The free labourers already know their
business. They require no teaching and no sus-
tenance, except from their parents, till they are
able to work. They are not only a compara-
tively skilled race, but, like our artisans, they
transmit their skill to their offspring.
Founding on these circumstances, it seems to us,
a mere crude fancy, unwarranted by facts, falsi-
fied by theory, it is contrary to all our faith in
justice, righteousness, and honesty, to assert that
the slave labour of the stolen and ignorant Afri-
can negroes is cheaper to the planter than the
hired labour of the intelligent black labourer,
born and bred amidst all the arts of our own
colonies.

But it will be said you are mad, or you deceive
yourselves wilfully. Do you not see by the re-
turns of the sugar market, that Brazilian and
Cuba sugar are 100 per cent. cheaper than sugar
imported from Jamaica? We see that. But we
also see that the agricultural labourer of Eng-
land is worse paid in proportion to his toil
and skill than any labourer of the world, ex-
cept an Irish labourer, or a Hill Cooly.
One English or Scotch labourer does as
much as two labourers in France or Ger-
many, but he gets only the wages of one. At
the same time the price of corn in England is
higher than in any other country. We all know
the cause of this, and that it has no reference
whatever to the cheapness or dearness of labour•
In England labour is most abundant, and wages
low, while the price of corn is exorbitantly
high. With that example before us we are
neither mad nor blind, we think, when we assert
that the price at which foreign and colonial
sugars are offered for sale in our market is no
index whatever to the cost of their production.
The price of Jamaica sugar is a monopoly
price; the price of Cuba and Brazilian sugar
is the price of an article in an overstocked
marked, wanting a vent. Our JaMaica planters
are making large profits out of the tax they levy
on us, but it does not therefore follow that the
Brazilians are even paid the cost of their pro-
duce. Let the market be opened to both sugars,
and the chances are that Brazilian would rise as
much as Jamaica sugar would fall. The average
price of wheat—to quote an illustration—in
Dantzic, for upwards of forty years, was about
455., but in 1838 and 1839, in consequence of our
demand, it rose to 58s. The same would be the
case with Brazilian sugar, were there a demand
for it. The Brazilians are now obliged to send it
to Efirope in payment for the European luxuries
they require. As long as it is excluded from
our market, its price must be merely nominal ;
and were the duties altered, the price would rise,
and in proportion to its
.quality sell for as much
as Jamaica sugar.
In fact, it is idle to institute a comparison be-
tween the two, for as long as our colonial sugar
is protected by a heavy discriminating duty, we
never shall, and never can know, and never have
known, what it really costs in comparison to the
sugar of foreign countries. We hold all deduc-
tions, therefore, against the cheapness of free
labour, drawn from the monopoly price of Ja-
maica sugar in our market, and the glut price of
Brazilian or Cuba sugar, to be irrelevant to the
great question at issue. We know, too, that
when the two meet in the foreign market, they
sell for about the same price. We have faith in
the principles of justice, and we have faith in all
the doctrines taught by the anti-slavery people,
and we therefore abide by our conviction that
free labour is cheaper even now in the West
Indies than slave labour.

It is said, however, that by reducing the duty
on fbreign sugar, the planters will be less able to
pay, and employ their negroes, and that less
-wages will fall to the share of the negroes. The
argument referring to them, means that, or it
means nothing. This is the argument of those
who maintain that the abolition of the Corn-
laws would throw land out of cultivation and
labourers out of work, and would lower their
wages, if that'be possible.
It is no argument of ours and there is a case
in which our opponents maintain the very oppo-
site deduction. They say that if the Corn-laws
were abolished, the manufacturers would allow
none of the advantages of the fall in the price of
provisions to go to the labourers, but they
would reduce wages in . proportion. How
can they at the same time maintain
that other manufacturers, namely, the plan-
ters or the landlords, will allow the advan-
tage of a rise hi the price of what they sell to go
to the labourer? The fact is that wages are de-
termined by the demand and the supply both in
the West Indies and here, and unless the demand
for negro labour be increased by the bounty on
sugar grown in our colonies, or the supply of
negro labour be lessened, the alteration of the
-sugar _duties will. have no effect whatever in
lowering wages or depriving the negroes of work.

The universal effect of competition, such as
that proposed by allowing foreign sugars to come
into our market, is to stimulate exertions to com-
pete with a rival. The manufacturer, grower, or
planter, previously secure in his monopoly, and
quite at his ease, living on taxation, is alarmed,
and casts about to see how he can get more of
his commodity. He racks his invention for new
contrivances, he tries to produce more, and to pro-
duce it cheaper, he offers rewards to his labourers
and overseers to exert themselves, and the result is
an increased, not a diminished, demand for la-
bour. Such, as Lord JonN RUSSELL observes,
has been the case in the silk and several other
trades, which have thriven by the competition
with the French manufacturer. Such, too, would
be the result of allowing slave-grown sugar to
come freely into our market. The Ministerial
plan proposes to leave it with a protecting duty
of 12s. per cwt. We believe that the planters
would have nothing to fear from the freest com-
petition, but they are still to be protected at the
amount of 50 per cent.

Nay, we believe that it is only by competition

at the full advantage—the ingenious con tri-
va aces—the division of employment—of free la-
bo ur can be brought into operation. Far
from joining Dr. LUSHINGTON in supposing that
such a competition would increase the slave-
trade, it would do, we think, more to extinguish

it than all Sir FOWELL BUXTON'S expeditions.
It would stimulate free labour to exertion, which,
as long as it is protected by a monopoly of our
market, it will not make, and would compel and
enable it at Ho distant time to extinguish the
slave-trade, by making it unprofitable, and under-
selling the productions of slavery.

But supposing that free labour has not all the
advantages we have attributed to it, surely there
is some reason to doubt, at least, whether all those
evil consequences in the encouragement of sla-
very will ensue which Dr. LUSHINGTON supposes,
from merely reducing the duty on foreign sugar.
He has no business to look on the question like
Mr. GURNEY, merely with the eyes of a philan-
thropist; he is bound also to consider it as a le-
gislator and a statesman. He is bound to con-
sider the interests of his constituents, paying
twice as much for sugar as they ought
to obtz ;n it for, were the planter's tax removed.

Being ander these obligations, and seeing, as he
must ee, unless he be a mere one-sided fanatic,
that ti .ere is some doubt as to the effect of the
measu re, he was also bound, if out of strait-laced
consis :ency he gave his vote against the Ministers,
not to mislead the House and the country by a
great crop of fallacies. We admit Dr. Lvsn-

INGTON'S sincerity,- we admire his boldness, but
we blame his great indiscretion. He spoke like
an impassioned advocate, and did not disprove
the general opinion that a practising lawyer very
seldom makes a good legislator. He forgot too,
who is his el ient ; and,while the Reformers sent him
to Parliament to advocate the interests of the
people of England, he pleaded only for the
negroes, and is to vote with the Tories. Admit-
ting his intention to be good, we must conclude
from his speech and his promised vote that he
is terribly wrong-headed.

Our readers will see by our various extracts,
that the provincial papers very generally agree
in promoting Corn-law agitation, and in demand-
ing a total repeal of the Corn-laws. That and
that alone will now satisfy the people, because
that alone will satisfy the justice of the case.
But we are told that no Government ever
dreamed, or ever will dream, of giving the total
abolition. Wherefore then does any Goverment
exist? What is it for but to do justice, and to
see justice done? And to say that no Government
will grant the total abolition of the bread-tax is

,o affirm that Government abdicates its functions,

makes common cause with the oppressor, and
ought itself to be destroyed. We cannot, how-
ever, believe that any Government will come to
such a conclusion, or that any leading Ministers
of this country will venture to continue even a
rag of the bread-tax in existence, if the people
manfully assert that it shall be totally repealed.

Great complaints are made, too, of the disturb-
ance which will be caused by the great change
but what right has any man to complain of that
disturbance which consists in redressing a wrong?
No doubt, Mother BROWNRIGG, when she was
stopped by the hangman in her benevolent plan
of starving and whipping her apprentices to
death, complained of the great disturbance
which was caused in her useful occupations.
How shocking it was, on the same principle, to
interfere with the career of HARE and BURKE,
and BISHOP and WILLIAMS. We do not ask,
though we remember Colonel THOMPSON did, to
visit the legislating landowners with any punish-
ment for doing that on a large scale, and by a
slow process, which BuRKE and W ILLIAMS did on
a very limited scale, and by a sudden means—
put human beings out of existence we only
ask that they should be stopped in their guilty
career, and be told that they must sin no more. Dis-
turbance forsooth ! Who that does right fears to
be disturbed ! The apprehension and the com-
plaint are the wailings of conscience-stricken
men.

We see, too, by the Irish papers that the
Orange landlords and the Orange press are
foaming with rage and fright at the possibility of
the Corn-laws being repealed. That is an unan-
swerable proof of the public and national advan-
tage of the measure. A more heartless, mischie-
vous set of tyrants than the landlords of
Ireland, never were endowed with power.
Their whole history is one of merciless
oppression. The last trait in it, is clearing their
estates, turning out hundreds and thousands of
poor wretches to die in the highways. Such men
deserve no respect, and if the abolition of the
Corn-laws would set bounds to their power, that
should be a strong recommendation to all the
friends of humanity.
As Mr. BAZLEY said at the Liverpool meeting,
the abolitionists had with bated breath and
bended knee asked for an inquiry, and they were
taunted with being unreasonable ; they humbly
asked permission to grind foreign corn in bond,
and they'were dismissed with reproaches. It is
high time such contumelious conduct should

have an end; and those who would listen to no
reasonable application, should now be com-
manded, by the nation, to repeal the Corn-laws.
The people, by now submitting to the bread-
tax, will fasten, for ever, the landlords' yoke on
their own necks.

We have given, in another part of the Paper,
a letter from Kendal, with the address of the
Kendal Abolitionist;, which we earnestly re-
commend to the attention of Dr. LUSHINGTON
and his friends. The just and humane view taken
of the Sugar question, does honour to the sub-
scribers, and, we trust, will find many imitators.
While we feel for the negro in bondage, let us
not forget the sufferings of the many
thousands of our Christian brethren, who, on
account of the high prices of the necessaries of
life, and want of employment caused by our
wicked monopolies, drag out a life of greater
misery than even the African slave. With a
miserable pittance of Bs. or 9s. a-week (and
many of them have not even that), with chil-
dren crying in vain for bread, and a
broken-hearted partner stinting herself for
food to preserve her beloved offspring,
and without any prospect under the present laws
of relief, an operative manufacturer is perhaps of
all other men the most miserable. If Dr. LUSH-
INGTON and the other one-sided philanthropists
will not listen to such suffering, will they listen
to the precepts of that sacred book that forms
the present consolation and the future hope of
every Christian'! "He that provideth not for
his own, and especially for those of his own
household, has denied the faith and is worse than
an infidel." Infidels, and void of charity, are those
who can reserve all their sympathy for Africans
they have not seen, and refuse relief to men of
their own blood and their own religion. But they
will not succeed. The war is now kindled against
the monopolists in every quarter. Even the
people of Ireland, till now in favour of the Corn-
monopoly, are roused to a sense of its injustice,
and will join the English and the Scotch hand-
in-hand in support of the beneficent measures of
the Government.

We will not venture to say that the eyes of
Europe are upon Lord PALMERSTON, but we may I
safely affirm that the eyes of Mr. DAVID URQU-
HART are. ' Nothing his Lordship says or does
escapes the notice of the ex-Secretary of Lega-
tion, and as he makes no secret of his discoveries,
we presume he chooses the hours when Lord
PALMERSTON is asleep to note them. down, and.
prepare them for the press. That hatred is more
sleepless and more vigilant than love, is proved
by the fact that the bonrs of all his Lordship's
admirers united, would hardly equal in amount
the mass of evidence which Mr. URQUHART has
brought together in a variety of forms to prove
him a traitor to his Sovereign and his country.
From pamphlets in an octavo size, Mr. URQU-
HART has ascended to quartos, and as the bulki-
ness of his effusions keep pace with the supposed
magnitude of Lord PALMERSTON'S guilt, we ex-
pect soon to see him figuring in folio, to the
mutual profit of the printer and the cheese-
monger. The office of the writer who would de-
vote his leisure to the exposure of all the real
faults, mistakes, oversights, and blunders of the
best-intentioned Minister would be no sinecure ;
how great, therefore, must be the labour thrown
away and the ingenuity wasted by the wight who
finds in the ordinary occurrences of every day
materials for the history of some unfledged trea-
son against the mother country? We stated on
a former occasion that we would not attempt the
refutation of the absurd charges brought by Mr.
URQUHART against Lord PALMERSTON. It
is enough that nobody believes them—not
even the clique who proclaim Mr. UR-
QUHART their idol. But We cannot ab-
stain from deploring the infatuation which pre-
vents Mr. URQUHART seeing that he, too, is play-
ing the game of Russia, however unconsciously.
He ought to know that the rabid fury with which
he assails Lord PALMERSTON cannot be mistaken
—that it is prompted by hatred, not of the Minis-
ter, but of the man. He ought also to be aware
that in grossly exaggerating, as he does, the
dangers which threaten us from Russia, he but
parodies the silly conduct of the boy in the fable
who cried " wolf" so oftenprom Prompted
dt
byn patriotism,
o in one I vould
lwisteerne tmo hr.imußwQtelita,ihrteT cried " w,Dlf"
earnest.
instead of by passion, to write ats he does, his

censures would be directed against the Cabinct

generally, and not against the only Member of
it with whom he is known to he on the worst
terms. Lord PALMERSTON'S policy is the policy
of the Cabinet to, which he belongs ; but if an
individual be selected for censure, it is surely the
Premier who assumes its direction.

We are the uniform apologists of no Cabinet.
We support no Minister in any project which
we deem injurious to the national welfare. But
alifiough we have on many occasions found
reason to condemn courses of procedure adopted
by Lord PALMERSTON, we never countenanced,
nor shall we ever countenance, the wholesale,
indiscriminate, and foul attacks made upon him
by the Urquhartite faction. We are for the good
old English principle of fair-play in politics, as
in fisty-cuff warfare. Besides, taken all in all,
the foreign administration of Lord PALMERSTON
has been conducted with great ability, and
with a general regard to the honour and interests
of the British nation. Could we blot from our
recollection the prostration of Poland, the affair
of the Vixen, the agreement with Russia rela-
tive to the occupation of Constantinople by a pro-
tecting force, and the delay in recalling Pleni-
potentiary ELLIOT from China, we should not
hesitate to pronounce Lord PALMERSTON'S foreign
administration as one of the most faultless in our
history. The list of painful recollections is long
enough to entitle us to claim for The Sun the
merit of impartiality. But when we see order
and constitutional liberty established in Portugal
and Spain; Belgium raised to the dignity of an
independent State; Turkey saved; British in-
fluence extended and extending in Central Asia;
and the peace of Europe preserved despite of
the late French Cabinet, we can make a large
allowance for errors originating in a love of
peace, family influence, and a misplaced confi-
dence in the talents of agents and the good faith
of allies.

The German Papers publish alarming accounts
of insurrectionary movements among the Chris-
tian population of Old Servia, Bulgaria, North-
ern Roumelia, Bosnia, and Albania. The object
of the insurgents is to shake off the Turkish
yoke, which galls and oppresses them, and to add
another to the independent Governments of
Europe. These provinces are of little value to
Turkey, and contain within themselves the ele-
ments of a nation capable of checking the ambi-
tion of Russia. Those who have watched the
progress of political events for the last quarter of
a century, must have observed the slow tut sure
development of principles which rendered the con-
tinuance of the Porte's sway over so many Euro-
pean provinces an impossibility. To them the ru-
mours of associations in Servia, Bulgaria, Roume-
lia, Wallachia, and Moldavia, for the purpose of
asserting their independence, will occasion no
surprise. They must have been prepared to see
the other European provinces of Turkey follow
the example of Greece. Instead, therefore, of
uselessly deploring such an event the Govern-
ments of Western Europe should direct all their
thoughts to the rearing up of such a Power in
these provinces as would for ever prevent Rus-
sian aggression in that quarter. In the present
wretched state of these provinces, Russia's in-
fluence over them is stronger than that of the
Porte; but this influence would be destroyed by
their being declared independent. Jealousy of
a Power which now pretends to protect them
would spring up in every bosom. To the estab-
lishment of an independent Kingdom in Euro-
pean Turkey we look for the confounding of
Russia's deep-laid designs upon Constantinople.
Nor would the loss of these provinces weaken
the Turkish Power in Asia—the only place where
it really has a vital existence.

The prompt suppression of the present insur-
rectionary movement will ;produce no change in
our opinions. The pear may not be ripe, but it
will ripen and fall of itself if no hand gather it.
The Koran must disappear from among the
codes of Europe, and therefore the greater
should be the vigilance of those States whose in-
terest it is that it should not be succeeded by the
Ukases of an Imperial Autocrat.

There Is very little French news of interest in
the Paris Journals of Friday and Saturday. Queen
CHRISTINA has arrived in that capital, and is
supposed to be intriguing against the Constitu-
tional Government in Spain. Her MAJESTY'S
influence cannot be considerable, except with
the Court of Rome, and Papal bulls make no
more impression on ESPARTERO than paper
pellets. The age when the world was go-
verned by the maledictions of an old priest
is disappearing even in Spain ; and it
requires but some wanton exercise of the power
claimed by the POPE, to effect a true spiritual
reformation—the freedom of mind—throughout
the Peninsula. By a proper distribution, and
wide subdivision of the Church property, Es-
PARTERO will surround himself by a host of
Spaniards ready to resist the Papal power at the
musket's muzzle. Every man is a patriot and
a hero when his own house is attacked; and every
possessor of an acre of Church land, or an ounce
of Church bullion, will see an enemy in the
ecclesiastic who threatens to/deprive him of the
one or the other.
In the debate in the French Chamber of De-
puties, on Friday, on the Navy Estimates, Ad-
miral LALANDE recommended the construction of
heavy frigates, and the keeping together of a
great number of well-organized ships' crews.
One crew, three years on service, was worth six
just put in commission. He admitted that the
expense would be great at first, but, in the long
run, the nation would find that the system was
based on principles of true economy.

The Semaphore states that the Persian Envoy at Constanti-
nople has officially notified to the Porte that the differences be-
tween his Government and that of Great Britain have been ter-
minated to the satisfaction of both parties.
The ten battalions of foot chasseurs had a grand field-day on
Friday last at Vincennes. The Duke of Orleans was on the
ground at nine o'clock to superintend the preliminary prepara-
tions. At twelve the Queen, the Princes, and Princesses ar-
rived, accompanied by Marshal Soult, Minister of War, Mar-
shals Gerard, Grouchy, and Molitor, and a great number of
Generals and superior officers. The first practice was in per-
forming the ordinary evolutions of infantry of the line at the
gymnastic step, all of which were executed with the greatest
precision. Next came some movements peculiar to the foot
chasseurs, displaying their utility in active warfare, firing while
on their backs, &c. A feigned attack on Charenton afterwards
exhibited their double utility in the field. Having taken a
battery of cannon, they almost instantaneously turned them
against the supposed enemy with all the skill of regular ar-
tillerymen. The men afterwards proceeded to make use
of their field ovens, and produced excellent bread; and
they exhibited their powers as pioneers by clearing
away a number of trees six inches in diameter,
using no other instruments than their sabres. The whole
of the practice being gone through by five o'clock, they were
promptly formed into line, and tiled off before Marshal Soult
who expressed his entire satisfaction. The praises of the ge-
nerals and other officers present were unanimous. The force
of the ten battalions in the field was 9,000 men. The De.
bats, in giving an account of this review' and fiehl, says,—
" The platoon firing might appear to be imperfect to those who
are not aware that in giving the word of command to these
battalions of foot chasseurs, after the present is is uttered the
soldiers fire at will, without having as usual the word fire given,
each man being thus allowed to take deliberate aim before lie
pulls the trigger. This innovation is very important, and will,
it is probable, be adopted in all the infantry regiments, whereby
firing by battalions, instead of being as they now frequently
are, mere ineffectual reports,. will become murderous dis-
charges. The carbine is an improvement of Commandant
Thiery's, upon the plans of M. Delvigne and Colonel de Pont-
charra. It requires only seven grammes of powder for the
charge instead of nine."
Colonel M'lntosh, the representative of the Texian Govern-
ment at the French Court, has formally contradicted the state..
ment in the Paris papers that Texas was threatened with inva-
sion from Mexico.
The Diario di Roma announces that the three individuals
who robbed Don Miguel some time ago while sporting in the,'
neighbourhood of Rome, had been executed at Velletri, as
guilty of lese-Majeste.
The same paper announces the death of Cardinal Gambe-
rini, Minister of the Interior, who died at Rome on the night
of the 24th ult. He was born at Imola on the 31st of Octo-
ber, 1760.
The Lezpsie Gazette states that the Prince of Lucca has re-
cently been converted to Protestantism, a circumstance which
has created great sensation at Rome, and throughout Italy.
Extract of a letter from Alexandria in the Sud of Mar-
seilles :
,6 The Pacha continues to have frequent conferences with
the Count de Rohan Chabot, to whom he lately presented a
fine horse richly caparisoned. The English war steamer
Gorgon has arrived here from Malta, being sent by Admiral
Stopford to keep this station in the absentia of other ships.
She brings a letter to his Highness front the Admiral, inform-
ing him that as certain of the conditions in the Hatti
Scheriff of February 13th were contrary to the spirit of the
convention entered into with him, he (the Admiral) approved
of the Pacha's refusal to accept them., The Viceroy continues
to reside at his country house, on account of the plague having
made its appearance in the environs of his palace of Raso el
I Tin. This scourge continues to afflict the country, without,

however, making any great ravages, although the season is fa-
vourable to its progress. It also prevails in several villages of
Lower Egypt as well as at Cairo, whore, as is the case here,
eight or teu persons die daily."
A Constantinople correspondent of the Sud says that two
caravans, going from Aleppo to Damascus, as well as several
villages in the neighbourhood of the former city, have been
lately pillaged by the mountaineers.
Letters from Turin, dated the 27th ult., state that the agent
of Don Carlos had at length succeeded in securing a future
provision for that Prirfce. All the Conservative Courts had
agreed to contribute a proportional share. The Russian Go-
vernment alone had not returned any answer to the proposal ;
it was not doubted, however, but that the Emperor of Russia
would come forward like the others. The entire yearly sum
to be contributed for Don Carlos's support was fixed at
200,000 f.

Another letter states that a diplomatic note had been for-
warded from the French Government to the Court of Naples
relative to an indemnity claimed by a French mercantile
house in Marseilles in consequence of the sulphur contract
having been cancelled, and which contained some strong lan-
guage on the injustice of refusing compensation. It is true, it
is added, that in the year 1839, the Neapolitan Government
received a note from the French Minister, in which an indem-
nity was demanded on account of the sulphur question, but in
the mean time the French government offered her mediation
between the British and Neapolitan Governments, and although
an arrangement was concluded last year in consequence of that
mediation, no mention was made of the Marseilles merchants.
A letter from Naples of the 28th of April has the following
news :

" The day before yesterday there was a Council of Minis-
ters, at which the Marquis de Pietra-Catella presided. Mr.
Temple, the English Minister, was asked to be present, doubt-
less nn account of the question which is still pending, of the re-
duction of the export duty on sulphur.
" The day is not yet fixed for the departure of the King to
Apulia and Sicily. His Majesty came yesterday from Ca-
serta, and presided in the Council of his Ministers. He is ex-
pected again on the 30th. .

" The Prince of Cassano, formerly Minister. of Foreign
Affairs, whom the King ordered to leave Naples, has not re-
turned to the capital.
" The Prince of Salerno will leave Naples on the 3d of May.
He goes to Vienna with his only daughter, Princess Mary
Caroline Augusta, whose marriage is finally decided with his
Royal Highness Francis Ferdinand Geminiano, Hereditary
Prince of .Modena. It is affirmed that the King of Naples will
go in person to the Austrian capital in the beginning of June,
on account of the marriage of Princess Caroline, his sister, to
the Archduke Francis Ferdinand, brother of the Queen of the
Two Sicilies."—Le Commerce.
DISCOVERY OE Conf.—M. Tienen has made a fortunate
discoveiy in his garden of a jar, containing 3,000 small pieces
of coin of 12 and 13 centimes, most of them belonging to
Hainault and Flanders.—Brussels Paper.
flitter complaints are made in the lonian Islands of the new
civil laws, by which the expenses in the Court of Police are
much increased.

TURKISH FRONTIERS, AralL 22.—According to accounts
from Bucharest the well-known Virallachian Colonel Campa-
nian() has been lately set at liberty, at the instance of the
Russian Court.