The Sun.
London, England, 1841-07-17 00:00:00

Though the several classes of manufacturers,
Dissenters, Roman Catholics, and Chartists, who
most suffer from the present system, have, as it
were, instinctively to some extent combined
against it, the great question at issue has not
been placed before them in so precise and con-
vincing a form as to make them heartily and zea-
lously unite to give extension and effect to the
system of freedom. Aided as they have been by
some enlightened, disinterested, intelligent, and
conscientious statesmen, resolved to act on right
principles, and trust the consequences to infinite
wisdom, they have been; it must be admitted,
very completely beaten in the present election
contests. Some zealous Christians have, and not
without reason, distrusted the factory masters ;
the Chartists, from good cause, have been
very suspicious of the Whigs ; some who
are driven by their interests to advocate
freedom of trade, are, by their prejudices, opposed
to freedom of religion and civil freedom ; others,
who are friendly both to freedom of religion and
trade, have been frightened at the extensive de-
mands of the Chartists, and they have not sup-
ported the former lest that might lead to a com-
pliance with the latter ;—on these and many
similar grounds the different classes who are fa-
vourable to the system of freedom have not
zealously co-operated to obtain present success.
At the same time the bulk of the monopolists,
whether of trade, of Church emoluments, or of
exclusive civil privileges, havebeen taught, both
by instinct and reason, that they are all deeply
concerned, not as men but as selfish monopolists,
in the maintenance of the present system, and
they have closely united and zealously co-
operated to obtain a victory on the Corn-
law question, as the means of securir_g
all other monopolies, trading, religious, and
civil, from attack. Hence the bulk of the
landowners and the priesthood. ar.f.t the bulk
of West and East India and Ba:aking interests,
with the bulk of the monopolists of trade, from
the Governor of the Bank to the licensed vic-
tualler, have all made common cause against the
system of freedom on its present salient point'
They have accerdingly obtained a triumph which,
for the weLfhre of mankind, we hope will be tem-
porary, :Ind which we cannot but regard, seeing
the immense interest they have at stake, the im-
rni.cnse power they possess, the unacquaintedness
of the multitude with the great stake at issue,
and the consequent want of union and co-opera-
tion, as the forerunner of their complete defeat.
The Tories or monopolists have fought for their
existence, they have brought forth all their re-
sources, they have fought with the energy of de-
spair and the instinct of self-preservation, and
all they have gained is a majority in the House
of Commons. At the same time the weakening
of their resources is the strength of their oppo-
nents, and the character and wealth they have
squandered at the elections will be as weapons in
the hands of their opponents in future contests.
But our principal hope springs from the fact
that the present local contest is part of a world-
wide system, which interests the whole human
race. A majority in the House of Commons is
not a majority in the world at large, and in all
time. It may withhold the assent of that body
from the doctrines of free trade, but it cannot
abate one jot of their truth, or of the force they
will exercise over the convictions of mankind.
It will not revive trade, nor give food to the fa-
mishing operatives. It will not make Christian,
and zealous, and moral men conclude that the
Corn-laws are just, nor lessen their exertions to
procure their abolition. It will change the con-
victions of no man, for they follow facts. The
material world, whatever may be the ethereal
theories of dreamy students, domineers over the
mind of man, and moulds it in the long run, and
in the last resort, by its own laws. The distress,
decay, and ruin, therefore, brought on many in-
dividuals by unjust legislation will be sure to
produce a general conviction against the great
system of monopolies, restrictions, and privileges,
of which the Corn-laws are a part, and in the
end, overthrow it. The desperate exertions of
the Tories—who now plume themselves on suc-
cess—will hasten that event. Their assertions
have been sifted, their theories exposed. The
contest has roused men to think. For the sake
of temporary success, the Tories have appealed
to the multitude, and have kindled desires and
passions they cannot allay. Believing that truth
and goodness, that justice and honesty, are on
the side of the system of freedom, the contest
which has caused it to be examined, whatever
its present termination, must help forward its
, final success.

• The organs of the Ministry that is to be, declare
that Sir ROBERT PEEL must govern on Conser-
vative principles, and they ask that the conduct
of the Tories in opposition should be accepted
as a proof of what the Tories will do in
office. We are willing to assume the one as the
index to the other, and to draw from it at once
a warning for the country.
At the elections in Ireland several riots have
taken place, and it has required all the soothing
arts of Mr. O'CoNNELL, and all the police force
at the command of the Government, to preserve
the peace. Much of the irritation has been
caused by the assessors and other authorities
connected with the elections disfranchising the
people by shoals, and by the display of an in-
sulting Orange superiority. It will be easy
enough for Tory journalists to say that the law,
whatever it is, ought to be respected ; but the
law in Ireland, made by a dominant and arro-
gant sect to serve sectarian and party putp. oses,
is a standing insult and injury to the bulk of the
population. That law the Conservatives in office
are steadily to maintain and enforce; and the
present disfranchisement by assessors not being
irritating enough, Lord STANLEY iS to pro-
vide a measure to make it more extensive
and perpetual. When he and his mischievous as-
sociates, an angry party rabble, hungry for
office, who are miscalled politicians, have lashed
the Irish into rebellion, by insults and injuries
inflicted in the name of religion, he will gra-
ciously consider, he says, whether the disfran-
chisements,have been carried tot) far. If the con-
duct of the Conservatives in office be the same as
the conduct of the Conservatives out of office--and
the language now used by their journals towards
the Catholic priests, justifies the worst suspicions
—the peace of Ireland is not worth six,rnonths'
purchase.

in opposition, the Conservatives have - .
set their faces against relieving ''
ne people by
abating
monopoly.;
dteaclily
They
upheld the $
ug,rar Trion' . , '-'
an iota. of any or -
to al-
opoty, they refused...
low the thnber -.-
1 to be meddled Ir.Ln.
and they iv- , . ""),110. po y
,a d not. eV en listen to any discussion
of the - '
111 monopoly of corn. Conservatives and
"
..,nol)olists are, in fact, synonymous terms, The
.vittory has been gained for the ones T • by
a union
of monopolists of all kinds, and they must sup-
port in office the unjust principles whiCh have
carried them thither.

They are the declared and avowed enemies of
every extension of the franchise, and opposed to
every measure for giving local government to the
people, or extending their privileges.
They are
to take office on the principle of opposing the
wishes, coercing the opinions, and picking the
pockets of the bulk of the people. In opposition,
they have invariably favoured injustice, and, pur-
suing the same career in office, they must govern
the country on the rascally principle of making
and upholding thievish laws. In opposition, the aim
of the Tories has been to plunder, coerce, and
oppress the multitude, and their Government,
should it last six months, will be an eternal or—
probrium to the nation.

" They are no longer to govern," we are told,
"by the principles of the Tory party prior to
the Reform Bill." In detail that is impossible
but those know very little of the Tories vvh a ima-
gine they have undergone any change. Can the
Ethiop cast his skin? Circumstances may be
different—there may be now some other im-
provements to be opposed; monopoly may now be
the curse of the land, as the boroughmongering
representation was the curse till 1831 ; but now,
then, the Tories, true to their hatred ofall reform,

will resist the needed improvements of the day.
The objects may be changed, but the tactics and 1
principles of the Tories are unchanged; and as
they, in opposition, denied the distress, and in-
sulted the sufferings of the people, in office they
will make or enforce laws to silence complaint,
and crush complainers.
It is not so long since the Tories were in office,
that this generation should have forgotten the
effects of their rule. Under their management
the South of England was a prey to sedition
and incendiarism. Mobs traversed the whole
country, and the blaze of nightly fires disturbed
every family's repose. The KING did not dare
to pay a promised visit to his metropolis. Ire-
land was only kept in peace by an immense army.
England allowed France, almost without a remon-
strance, to establish herself in Africa. Russia did as
she pleased with Turkey, while England looked
on an almost passive spectator. The Govern-
ment, worsted at home in contests with its own
subjects—to whom it was an avowed enemy—
was powerless abroad. It had submitted to the
Catholics, whom the Tories had falsely stigma-
tised as rebels and idolators ; it was weak and
despised. Society, in fact, seemed on the verge
of dissolution when the Tories gave up the helm
to abler steersmen. What occurred under ;heir
former administration will occur ag,aiP —they will
again act on the principle of opinsing the needed
reform of the hour—orgy
in 1830, :nised Chartists, un-
knownand "organised Repealers, then
little heard of, Nvi'.l most likely turn the next
sedition into a wide-spread scheme to overturn
the Gover_nment and dismember the empire.

A.,ord STANLEY—as will be seen by reference to
another column—has had a lesson read to him by Mr.
SYDNEY SMITH, which he will do well to take to heart.
But, indeed, he can scarcely fail to do so, for the sarcasm
is such as must cut clean through the thick coatings of
even his self-conceit and vanity. Never was a pert,
shallow Lordling so woefully bemauled ! He is exposed
in all his littleness and charlatanism—stripped fairly to
the skin, with not a rag left to cover his nakedness.
Laying aside the character of a mere wit—though there
is enough wit in his Letter to set up a dozen small wags
for life—Mr. SMITH shows, by terse, apt, and clinching
argument, how supremely absurd are the doc-
trines broached by Lord STANLEY in his
late hustings speech in South Lancashire ; that,
in fact, he is an advocate for free trade without knowing
it, and damages t),, cause of monopoly by the very logic
which he press( s o its service ! " I hail you," says
t'ie eloquent wi ter, " as a guerilla partizan of the free
trade, who, if he cannot join the regular army, an
make independent war upon the inconsistencies of par-
tial tnonopoly. When your Chief proposes his modifica-
tion of the sliding-scale, I shall borrow his collt
sneers at his flirtation with protection." • We wish Sir
ROBERT PEEL joy of such a docile and consistent col-
league ! He will be a constant thorn in his side, and do
more injury to his Government than all the thick-skulled
squad of -his country-gentlemen supporters put together.
IVith just enough talent to be mischievous—with just
enough ill-nature to multiply enemies—and just enough
wilfulness of temper to precipitate him into the
profoundest Iflunders—we predict that Sir R.
PEEL will find in Lord STANLEY a far worse
enemy to his policy than he will ever find on the Opposi-
tion bench. The hard, open, manly hits of a RUSSELL
will not do him half so much damage as the sly
stabs of a STANLEY. He can be on his guard against
the one ; the other will always have his hand raised
against him, at the very moment when he is least pre-
pared for the assault. It is a most providential circum-
stance for the cause of Reform, that Lord STANLEY has
enlisted under the Tory banners. With him and GRA-
HAM for their enemies, what need the Reformers fear
for the ultimate success of the great cause they have so
much at heart ?

We direct the attention of every friend of civil and re-
ligious liberty throughout the world to an appeal of the
Christian inhabitants of the Island of Candia, now in
arms against their tyrants, the Turks, addressed to the
Governments and people of civilised Europe, which will
be found in another part of The Sun. This brave and
long-suffering race, released from the iron despotism of
MEHEMET ALI, have taken up arms to recover that free-
dom which, but for the apathy and the treason of
the pretended friends of Grecian Independence they
never would have lost. We trust the aid which :they
will receive from our brave countrymen will blot out
from the memory of Greece the sad episode which
connects the English name with the ruin and dispersion
of the patriotic and chivalrous Pargiotes. Political con-
siderations may prevent our Government from an early
iuterference in the concerns of Candia ; but among the
subordinate authorities we anticipate no discovery of a
second Sir THOMAS MAITLAND to stain with the imputa-
tion of liberticide the annals of his native country. If
such a foe to freedom and the Candiotes make his ap-
pearance in the Mediterranean, in Greece, or at Con-
stantinople, we shall take care, be his rank what it may,
to hold him up to the execration of the English peOple.

We have received the whole of the French journals of
Wednesday, but most of the intelligence contained in
them was anticipated by the express from Paris, which
a; geared in the Afternoon Edition of The Sun of,Thurs-
day. Another express of Thursday's date enabks
us to gratify our readers with the most important news
which appeared in the Paris journals of Thursday. The
depils will be found in another column. In our sum-
mary of .Public Opinion we have glanced at the vile
'abuse heaped upon this country by the French Liberal
press, because Lord PALMERSTON denounced at
Tiverton the inhuman way in which France is
extending her conquests in Africa. The Courrier
Francais, the Temps, and the Siecle attacked
us on Tuesday, and on Wednesday the Commerce and
the National had a fling at us. As the National is barely
the organ of a vile faction in France, and rarely, if ever
speaks the sentiments of the nation, we shall not here
condescend to notice its barefaced calumnies. But as a
specimen of the tone of the more moderate portion of the ,
French press, we quote an extract from the article in the
Commerce :

4' Lord Palmerston would never have taken such a liberty,
if France had a Government which cared for her glory and
dignity. Even under the restoration no English Minister
could have been guilty of such conduct without meeting with
strong remonstrances. How is it, then, that onr Ministry has
not yet protested in the slightest degree against these attacks
on the honour of the French army. But the Press, at lea 4,
survives for the defence of the dignity of the army and the
country. Without doubt, our war in Africa is carried on
with an inveteracy and a spirit of reprisal at variance with
the habits of Europe ; but has war ever been carried on dif-
ferently in the East? Have not the. Arabs set the example of
cruelty and extermination? Have they not, whenever they
were able, burnt our crops and farms, slaughtered our colo-
nists, massacred prisoners, and murdered the wounded ?
Were they acquainted with any other system of wl.ntre,
and was it not a necessity for us to adopt their
.Pl7l course,
in order to be able at length to impose upo: them more hit.
mane customs ? Have we not succe,-d in this attempt ?
r:aneneed number of Euro-
pHeaavne
customswe n not taminotnrgosdtuctehdesaendcalf-savage tribes, habituated to
p
eenquered enemies? At the present
ut
moment,tothesword
prisoners
ri
soner s their
.4re ..
respected on both sides, exchanges are
to the laws of civilization, and it was French
influence
en ec?Nv Itirieris first imported this amelioration 'ainesigst a
madeuace :
people accustomed only to the work of destreetion. have the
English done as much? True it is that we ravage the country
of our enemies; but is not this a necessity of war?
This is a rare piece of political reasTaing. The Com-
merce does not deny the truth of sle statements inado by
Lord PALMERSTON ; on the contrary, it conlltms them,
and yet is indignant t! at the French Government did not
call his Lordshil; to account fins them ! It admits the
savage character of the ow, but with a simplicity which
must provoke a smile, ntgues that the Arabs were all the
better for it. The way to make a truth-teller of the rather
of lies is to beat him hollow in mendacity. By out-Iteruding
HEROD—by surr_ssing the Arabs in atrocity, the Preneli
charmed thee-, into an adoption of the rules of tiViliftd
warfare.
.
Verily, the majority of the readers Prench
new. 6papers must be a very simple rftetl itsueb ers
their understanding provoke neither th •
als, to
nor their laughter. tAtg-nation
It is stated in the Havre
rapers, that a vessel just arrived
a considerable eolleetipn of ob.
jests
there
of
frennai
tuCra:litf:iorahtoarsy
.'urought
and among them a white monkey. Its
eve, are . .
red, its hair quite white, and its conformation, as the
arnal des iftwre remarks, presents Many analogies to that of
the Albinos among the African tribes.
A typhoid fever has broken out in the College at Auch,
where tWo of the pupils are dead, and twenty others aro seri-
rank), ill. All the rest have been sent home.
---- The Baron de Brabante, the French Ambassador at
Saint Petersburgh, is said to be engaged in writing a history
of the Parliament of Paris.

It is stated in a letter, quoted by the Constitutionnet,
that sixteen person?, who had arrived from Alexandria, had
died of plague, in the lazaretto of the capital.
The Zurich papers state, that the eastern part bf that
Canton, and nearly the whole of Saint Gall, have been recently
devastated by a severe storm. In parts, the crops and vegeta-
tion were entirely destroyed, large troops were uprooted, barns
swept away, and how. s so much damaged as to be rendered
uninhabitable. A steam-boat in the port of Rapperschwy was
obliged to quit her moorings and stand out into the lake to save
herself from being driven on shore. The hail was so violent
and the darkness so entire, that for a time it was with the
greatest difficulty the crew could work the ship. Some Eng-
-I,sh passengers on board declared they never before thought
themselves so near being lost.
A French corvette arrived on the 26th at Syra, bringing
accounts that the Turkish garrison of Suda had received a re-
inforcement of 300 regular troop?, and that. 4,000 Albanians
had embarked at Constantinople fur Suda.
A letter from Tulle, in the Commerce, says—" Madame
Laffarge is finishing the writing of her memoirs, which will
form four octavo volumes, and the copyright has been sold to
a booksel!er fur a good price, more, certainly, than it is
worth, as regards the morals of society. She also preparing
her defence fur her trial in the affair of the diamonds, which
will be brought before our tribunal next month. We are as•
sured that she has subpoenaed more than fifty witnesses, and
the Procureur-General forty."
The Corsican journals give an account of a grand ball
and entertainment given on the Ist instant, by the city of Ajac-
cio, to Admiral Hugon and the officers of his squadron, at the
dur
rne
ci uniforms,
_n os y
ji
or
hutt
the
oe
n e costumes
ladies.
D
Prefecture, the front of which was brilliantly illuminated.
A
Three grand saloons were richly decorated, and the music,
partly composed of the Admiral's band, was peculiarly good.
Tire scene was dazzling, by the mixture of naval
and military
desertion,yra an
marriage
another being excited,maa
of
ao
t
f
aonfeinmga,nvyas
kneaptitonusp,
tillan ddatyli-ehretakas.teful
Ilv.ohmarasdn who had
ayiaat, to bteheen
rooms h i mistress e for
new-married
cyoeuaprgle.,iaenndt,, on
3