The Sun.
London, England, 1840-05-26 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, MAY 26, 1840,

Colonel Wakefield had left Hokianga for Kiapara, in
the Tory, before the Francis Spraight sailed for Eng-
land. It was afterwards reported in the Hokianga dis-
trict that the Tory had met with an accident while en-
tering the Kiapara harbour, and had sailed for Sydney
for repairs. It was said that Colonel Wakefield had
gone from Kiapara to the Bay of Islands by land, had
there chartered another vessel for the Company, and
had sailed in her for Port Hardy in D'Urville's Island,
Cook's Strait, the port of rendezvous for the emigrant
ships.
POLICE INTELLIGENCE.

MANSION-HOUSE.
Mr. Charles Chilton, of the firm of Chilton, Nelson,
and Co,, Gravel-lane, Southwark, applied to Alderman
Gibbs, who sat for the Lord Mayor, under the follow-
ing circumstances :
Mr. Chiltoc, in passing through Smithfield m
on Friday last, observed a man running a very good-
looking bay mare up and down the horse market for
sale. As it struck him that the mare would answer his
purpose, he asked the price, and was told by the owner,
who appeared to be a countryman, that he would take
fifteen sovereigns, and not a farthing less ; and that she
was warranted sound in wind and limb, and in every
respect. Mr. Chilton wished for a reference, and the
name of a person at a distance, of whom he knew no-
thing, having been given, he.expressed dissatisfaction, and
asked whether there was any person in the neighbour-
hood who could answer for the integrity of the seller ?
" Oh. yes," said the countryman, " come in here ;" and
led the way to a public-house in Smithfield market.
Upon entering the house, Mr. Chilton asked the landlord
and another person in the bar, whether they knew the
countryman, :alio stated his name to be Brown ; to which
they replied in the affirmative, and that he was a proper
person to be dealt with. Thebargain was then concluded,
and Mr. Chilton paid a 101. and a 5/. note to Mr. Brown,
swallowed a gins of something, and departed with his bar-
gain. He had scarcely got as far as Snow-hill, when
some persons who had followed him from the market,
and who, as he soon had reason to believe, constituted
part of a gang of diseased horse chaunters, ran up to him
and said, " Why you have got a glandered horse, it
won't do for you," and offered to purchase the mare.
Mr. Chilton refused to have anything to do with the
fellows, and took home the mare, but glandered she was,
and no mistake. On the Wednesday following he was
obliged to get rid of her to a person who looked like a
butcher, who seemed to know all about the disorder, and
gave him 71. for her after he had been put to consider-
able expense in the attempt to cure her. He afterwards
went into the market, where he heard that it was quite
a common thing to sell glandered horses, repurchase
them for a small sum, and sell them again to new
flats. What should he ace, on looking round, run-
ning up and down for sale, in the same place, but the
identical glandered mare by which he had been duped,
and his astonishment was increased upon hearing the sum
of 181. and no less asked for her.
Alderman GIBBS supposed that Mr. Chalton imme-
diately interfered to prevent the sale.
Mr. Chilton said he intended to so, and went a
little way to obtain assistance ; but, upon his return,
mare and all had disappeared. There was no trace to
be discovered, and he apprehended that a gentleman
who seemed to like her was choused out of the money,
and might have put her into his stables with sound
animals, to the imminent danger of their healths. His
first impulse was to interfere, but there was such a
crowd of blackguards on the spot, that he hesitated
until he could obtain aid.
Alderman GIBBS said that he was aware of the prac-
tice, which was most atrocious, and be should do all in
his power to cause the apprehension and punishment of
fellows who did so much mischief.
Mr. Chilton said that his object in applying to the
Alderman was not with the view of obtaining redress
himself, but to prevent the continuance of such iniquitdus
practises.
Alderman GIBBS—You say the publican stated that
he knew the man you paid, and that he was a person
with whom you might safely deal ?
Mr. Chilton—Certainly. There were two persons
in the bar, and they both recommended him.
Alderman Glees—Let an officer go at once and
bring the publican before me.
Some time afterwards the publican appeared, and
said, in the course of an examination by the Alderman,
that a great many horse-dealers frequented his house,
and that he knew a Mr. Brown, but did not recollect
anything at ail of the transaction alluded to.
Mr. Chilton—Why you saw me pay the 51. and the
101. note on your bar counter to Mr. Brown. It was
wished that I should go into the parlour, but I re-
fused. The person who was with you in the bar most
particularly remarked the transaction.
Alde:man GIBBS—Let that person as well as the
publican attend here on Wednesday. The case shall
be thoroughly investigated. It is evident that a most
villainous conspiracy has been carried on in Smithfield,
and the Magistrates will take care that the owners. of
licensed public houses shall not harbour persons guilty
of such monstrous fraud.
Tne following is a copy of a memorial upon the sub-
ject, presented at the last Court of Common Council,
but for which we had no room in consequence of the
late heavy debates.
" To the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor, Alder-
men, and Council of the City of London, and Common
Council assembled, the memorial of the undersigned
inhabitants of West Smithfield and its neighbourhood,
showeth that a public horse market has long been held
in Smithfield on Friday afternoons, and your memorial-
ists are indebted, and take this opportunity of thanking
your Honourable Court, for the many recent improve-
ments made therein.

" That a nuisance of great notoriety still remains un-
abated, in the introduction and sale of glandered horscs
in the said market by unprincipled men, who conduct
their traffic in horses in such a manner as to deceive
unwary purchasers, and evade the law.

" That glanders is a highly contageous disease, and in
several instances has affected and proved fatal to the
human subject.

" That your memorialists feel aggrieved and alarmed to
see it Nrpetuated without restraint, in this shameless
manner.

" That the character of the market in public estimation,
and also its fair and lawful trade, has been severely im-
paired thereby.
" That the Market police officers, although very offi-
cient in almost all cases, and with power to attach the
sailer of a glundered horse for a misdemeanour, yet feel
themselves incompetent to judge of the existence of
this insidious disease, which demands all the tact and
knowledge of a skilful veterinary surgeon ; and it has,
therefore, long appeared to your Memorialists that a
procier and experienced veterinary surgeon should be
appointed, with power to decide on horses suspected
either by the police or by purchasers of being so disor-
dered, and that the offenders should be taken into cus-
tody, and such horses detained and afterwards disposed
of as in your judgment may be determined.
" That such e nuisance would virtually put a stop to
the present iniquitous trade of buying glandered
horses in all parts of the country, and bringing them to
Smithfield market, where they are fraudulently sold,
brought back again for a triflin," sum by a confederate,
and resold again, perhaps for many successive weeks,
communicating the dreadful disorder meanwhile to
numbers of sound horses in different stables.
That on these strong grounds your memorialist s rest,
confiding in your anxiety to reform en admitted nuisance
of this mageitude."

Alderman GIBES observed that he had no doubt the
Markets' Committee, to which the memorial was re-
ferreil, would take the matter most seriously into their
consideration. I n the meantime he would do all in his
power to protect the public as a magistrate, and he ex-
pressed his gratification at the readiness with which
Mr. Chilton came forward to strengthen, by a case so
strongly in point, the application of so many of the
most respectable persons of the vicinity of Smithfield.

Q UEEN- S Q UA RE.
Yesterday morning several young men and boys were
charged with wilfully breaking branches from off the
trees in Hyde-park, and from off the shrubs growing in
the inclosure of St. James's-park. The charges were
made by constables of the A division, and being clearly
made out, Mr. Burrell, the Magistrate, fined the de-
fendants 53. each, or, in default, committed them for
seven days.

THE bRAWING-ROOMe—AS many as twenty young
thieves were brought to this Court during the after-
noon, charged with picking, and attempting to pick,
pockets in St. James's-park while the Queen was pro-
ceeding to hold her Drawing-room, and on her return
to Buckingham Palace. The cases were devoid of
public interest. Some of the delinquents were commit-
ted for trial, others summarily convicted, and some re-
manded.

No less a sum than 80,0001. was paid for excise
duty on tobacco in bond at Newcastle a few days previous to
the Chancellor bringing in his budget. Of course the manu-
facturers have saved a considerable sum by avoiding the ad-
vanced duty.— Tyne Pilot.
GREAT EAGLE.—Just as We arrived at this
spot, a caution was given by Segueson ; he seized the gun ; our
oars had scarcely ceased a moment, when a wild scream, and
the discharge of both barrels startled me. In a moment we
were on shore, and I was in the midst of a danger I had little
apprehended. A wounded eagle, of the largest size, lay
screaming on the ground; there was life enough left to render
him dangerous, as he crawled, or rather jumped, towards us, filo-
.
ping his enormous wings, and with revenge and mischief in the
furious expression of his eye. The savage nature of this animal
was never so powerfully exemplified. One snap with the beak
man in Ireland.
had been enough to sever an arm from one's body ~. by stones,
the butt-end of the gun, and oars, he was at length despatched.
andlSyOp Tr
11.8 ER HUNTING.--The Brecon Otter Hounds
tleavde opened the campaign most auspiciously under the superin-
thetendence of that indefatigable sportsman, Martin. Last week,
illedato;.hoceoofwtttahesrest,ue; the first was found in the Peterstone,
in b the.second in the Abercamlais fisheries. Martin succeeded
rt:idthionutut
ainijm,inantbdeinri,there, ejvuestnibnegloowf
the saatengd
the town, and afforded a second hunt, which lasted nearly two
hours; but every trick and subterfuge of the ~ artful dodger" ' was of no avail, and after a desperate
fight, from which some of
the_dogs did not escape scatheless, he was killed. i

THE MA:NE BOUNDARY
QUESTION.

(From the National Intelligences.)
There has been lately communicated to the House
of representatives of the United States, and pub-
lished by its order, a document entitled, " Copies of
the arrangement. entered into between the Governor of
Maine and Sir John Harvey, Lieutenant-Governor of
New Brunswick, through the mediation of Major-
General Scott, in the month of March, 1839, together
with copies of the instructions given to General Scott,
and of all correspondence with him relating to the sub-
i,ct of controversy between the State of Maine and the
Province of New Brunswick.

Some of the papers of which this document is com-
posed are now of little interest, having been heretofore
published, or rel tting only to matters long since known
to the public. There are others, however, of more con-
sequence, which our readers will be glad to see. Among
these are, first :--
"THE INSTRUCTIONS TO GENERAL SCOTT.
" War Department, Feb. 28, 1839.
" SIR—You will proceed to the north eastern frontier
and assume the command there.

" On your route you will place yourself in commu-
nication with the Governor of the State of Maine, and
inform him of the opinions and views of this Govern-
ment, with which you are well acquainted. It is deemed
to :)e highly important that the informal agreement entered
into between the Secretary of State and the British
Minister should be acquiesced in by his Excellency the
Governor of Maine ; and you will urge upon him the
propriety of not only yielding to the wishes of the Pre-,
sident in this particular, but of affording to the general
government his cordial support and co-operation to carry
into effect such measures as the peace and honour of
the country alike require.

" The accompanying documents* will fully explain
the views and instructions of the President. I❑ the
present state of the controversy between the State cf
Maine and her Britannic Majesty's province of New
Brunswick, you will abstain from all armed interfe-
rence, and from entering the disputed territory for any
other purpose than to restore peace. Should the con-
tingency contemplated by the President unfortunately
arise, and the attempt be made and persevered in by the
British authorities to occupy the disputed territory,
militarily, after the troops of Maine shall have retired
from it, you will be fully instructed how to proceed.
Orders have been extended by the commanding general
to move such regular troops as can be immediately col-
lected, and as rapidly as practicable, towards the north-
eastern frontier ; these, together with the militia of the
states of Massachusetts and Maine, which you will be
authorized to call for, it is confidently expected will be
sufficient to enforce the determination of the Govern-
ment.

" Very respectfully, your most obedient servant,
" J. R. POINSETT.
" Major-General Whinfield Scott,
Commanding, &c., Boston, Mass."
Secondly, we are sure our readers will be obliged
to us for laying before them the following letters,
which led to the final acquiescence by the Governor
of the State of Maine, and the British Lieutenant-
Governor of New Brunswick, in the provisional agree-
ment entered into at Washington between the Secre-
tary of State and the British Minister :

CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN MAJOR GENERAL SCOTT

AND GENERAL SIR JOHN HARVEY.
Extract of a letter from Major-General Scott to the
Secretary of War.

(March 11.)
" I enclose a copy of a semi-official letter which I
yesterday despatched to the Lieutenant-Governor of
New Brunswick. It will probably reach him to-mcr-
row night, by means of the tine of Maine estafettes
from Bangor to Houlton, and thence by express to
Fredericton.

" It soon became evident to me, from conversations
with his Excellency Governor Fairfield, and many lead-
in.. Members of the Legislature here, that Maine is not
likely to consent to withdraw her civil posse, nor to
agree Upon any system of measures, conjointly with
New Brunswick, fir the future removal of trespassers
or the protection the public property—at least in re-
spect to the parts of the disputed territory on this side
of the river St. John, over which the state has long
exercised civil jurisdiction. It is alleged here, that to
follow out the " memorandum" upon those points would
place Maine on a worse footing, in respect to the
Aroostook district, than that on which she stood prior
to the late movements.
.Hence the terms of the over-
ture sketched in my letter, and which were fixed upon
with great care, in concert with his Excellency and the
Hon. Mr. R. Wiliiams.

" A reply from Sir John Ha! vey may be expected in
five, or perhaps seven days ; and I have determined to
remain here, to use my personal endeavours with the
State Government to harmonise all the minor details
between it and the province of New Bruaswick."

Letter from General Scott to Sir John Harvey.
" Headquarters, Eastern Division,
" Augusta, Maine, March 9, 1839.
" My dear Sir John—After waiting (I am ashamed
o reflect how long) to find myself within a convenient
listance and at leisure to express to you all the delight
experienced at the reception of your very kind letter of
April last, I have now to acknowledge a second (dated
in January) of the same character, under the depression
caused by more recent intelligence of your severe afflic-
tion—the loss of a gallant and estimable son. I offer
3ou my sincere condolence on the great bereavement,
and cherish the hcpe that, in the midst of high official
engagements, and, still more, ie the resources of a well-
disciplined mind, you may be enabled to bear the stroke
of Providence with the heroism of a soldier and a
Christian.
I have, my dear Sir, at this moment, another cause
of depression. For two winters I have earnestly, in
snows and frosts, and with but little rest of any
kind, laboured to maintain peace between our coun-
tries, by restraining many lawless Americans and Cana-
dian refugees from violating the faith of the United
States pledged to Glarteealyt Bdrroitpapined;
down
ohatvoingthsaetissfieead.
myself
that the borders, west of this, were restored
btooartdra,nwq'huein I tranquillity, I
heard of new and more alarming rumours
of war on the north east of Maine. I hastened to
Washington, received instructions, in the spirit of peace,
and here I am. It was there that your second letter
reached me, via Quebec, &c. The Secretary of War
was so much pleased with ycur liberal and pacific senti-
ments towaids this country, that he borrowed the letter
for the perusal of the President. How happy may we
esteem ourselves, if a personal friendship commenced in
the field, and in opposite ranks, can be made in any de-
gree conducive to the preservation of peace—a perpe-
tual peace between our countries! For, if an immediate
conflict of arms, about the disputed territory, can be
avoided, to allow time to the two governments to adjust
at London or Washington .he great question in contro-
versy (which I am persuaded may readily be done), I
see no reason to apprehend another cause of serious
misunderstandin,,,,, between the two portions of the great
Anglo-Saxon race for centuries to come. The ties of
common blood, language, civil liberty, laws, customs,
manners, interests, must, in a reasonable period, that is,
as soon as we can forget past wars, and they are almost
forgotten, work out a strong compact of reciprocal feel-
ing (far more binding than written engagements), which
the other nations of the world would be wholly unable
to dissolve or to resist. Such compact, although the
two portions of the race arc, and probably will
ever remain, under separate governments, and
of diErent forms, is necessary to both—in war
as in peace ; for who shall say what hostile combinations,
in the next one hundred, seventy, or even thirty years,
may not take place among the other nations, to require
the united strength of England and America for the
safety of their common principles and interests ? These
considerations incline me strongly to the side of peace,
and I am confident I do but express the wish of all en-
lightened Americans, and reciprocate that of our
brethren of the half-blood on the other side of the At-
lantic.'t
" But how avoid a conflict of arms on the disputed
term itory between the proximate troops of Maine and
Great Britain, under the purpose distinctly avowed in
your letter of the 18th ultimo, addressed to the Governor
of the former? With that declaration held up in ter-
rcrem, it is felt here that Maine cannot withdraw the
troops with honour.
" Entertaining a lively hope that you may have been
21
and
induced by the memorandum signed at Washington, the
bt3;letluienidteipd States,lomatie
to pre eantdir hse of
purposeGa
Great
of soaking "to expel, by military force, the armed party
which has been sent by Maine into the district bordering
on the Aroostook river, and of taking military occupa-
ressuesnpltere
Britain7t h
uti
occupa-
tion of that district, may I request from you a declara-
tion to that effect ? Should your answer be favourable
(as I trust it may be), I do not doubt that the troops
of Maine, already in the disputed territory, would be
immediately recalled, and the detachments in march
thither from the interior of the State at once ordered to
halt.

" In regard to all minor questions of temporary civil
jurisdiction, including the protection of timber, cut or
uncut, it is believed there would then be but little, if
any, difficulty. These may, perhaps, be advantageously
left on their former footing.
" It is due to candour to say that, by the term
troops, Maine would not understand as included the
civil posse under the sheriff and a land agent, which
she now has in the disputed territory. Such posse, how-
ever, would be limited to a small number of persons, and
restricted to certain specific duties.
" It is probable that I may in a few days proceed to
Houlton or Hancock barracks ; but, whether I remain
here, or may happen to go to another point in the inte-
rior, Major Kirby, of our army, commanding at the
barracks, will forward to me any communication to my
address.
" To show clearly the pacific disposition of the United
States, I will add, that I have not assumed, and do not
expect to assume, any command over the forces which
Maine has in the field ; and, if we can avoid collision
on the north-eastern frontier, it is not likely that the
United States will proceed to levy a single regiment
under a recent Act of Congress.

" I remain, my dell. S'r Mn, with the highest re-
spect and esteem, your friend cnd humble servant,
" WINFIELD SCOTT.
" His Excellency Major-Gen. Sir John Harvey,
" Lieutenant-Governor, &c,"

" REPLY OF SIR JOHN HARVEY TO GENERAL SCOTT'S

LETTER.
" Government House, Frederickton, N. 8.,
" Tuesday Evening, March 12, 1839.
" MY DEAR GEN. SCOTT—Few circumstances of
recent date have afforded me so much satisfaction as the
receipt of your most friendly and acceptable communica-
tion of the 9th instant, from Augusta. I rejoice more
especially that my letters, written, as their dates show,
when I had little expectation of your services being re-
quired upon our hitherto peaceable frontier (for I have
had pleasure in bearing my testimony to the good feel-
ing existing between this province and our neighbours of
Maine), have reached your hands. My sentiments, as
regards yourself, and, I will add, as respects the import-
ance to the cause of liberal institutions throught the ci-
vilized world, of the maintenance of peace, and, I will
ald, of amity between Great Britain and the United
States of America (her child and offspring), cannot
change.
" With the confidence and the frankness due from
one soldier to another, I place myself unhesitatingly in
your hands, as regards the following communications.
My letter to the Governor of Maine was dictated
by my instructions—for their tenour I am not re-
sponsible ; for their execution I am. With regard
to the proposed agreement, so entirely in accord-
ance with my o;,vn views and wishes, I was happy
in intimating my wiliing acquiescence, both to Mr.
Fox and to Governor Fairfield. My communication to
the latter (copy inclosed) will doubtless have been
shown to you (I should wish it could be reputed as ad-
ressed to yourself), In saying to you that by confining
myself to the valley of the St. John's, including the
Madawaska settlement, (indispensable as is that line to
the communication between these lower provinces and
Canada, and settled, as it is, wholly by British subjects),
and abstaining from any offensive operations against the
armed force in the Aroostook, until a reference can be
made to England, I hope and believe that I shall be
considered as fulfilling the very spirit and intention of the
memorandum.' I will add, that to this extent lam
quite ready to pledge myself, as far as my power of ful.
filling it extends, though I should not wish, for obvious
reasons, arising out of the possibility of a national war,
that any military post should be established nearer to
the mouth of the Aroostook than fifteen or twenty
miles ; and I should also wish, on grounds which, if
con'.d fully explain to you (which I cannot do on
paper) would be deemed by you equally honourable and
conc:usive, that the armed force on the Aroostook
should be gradually reduced and withdrawn ; leaving
there only a moderate (in amount) civil-armed force,
with which it might be in my power to co-operate
in the protection of timber, &c. Such an arrangement
would deprive the proximity of an armed force posted so
near our great line of communication, of that offensive
and aggressive character which might otherwise be at-
tached to it ; and might, moreover, enable me to dis-
pense with the presence of any considerable military
force in the Madawaska settlement. Effect these ob-
jects, my dear General, and a border peace, pro tern-
pore, will be established. But, my dear friend, the great
national question of peace or war, subject as are your
authorities to the influence of " pressure from without,"
must still mainly depend upon the manner in which the
President exercises the great powers confided to him
"by the Bil!." Upon this subject your concluding pa-
ragraph is very satisfactory. If he immediately sends
to Europe a spscial Ambassador, time will be given for
the existing excitement to subside on this side of the
Atlantic, and for the calm consideration and certain
adjustment of the question on the other. All appears
to me to depend upon this step. In the mean time,
depend upon my avoiding collision by every Means in
my power ; and that those shall be put in the wrong
who may force it upon me. I hope you may be able to
come and see me here, because here only can I receive
you as I wish ; but I expect to go up to the neighbour-
hood of Houlton (probably in the early part of the next
week), in the event, which I have no reason to doubt,
of my Legislature closing their session this ; when, per-
haps, a meeting might be arranged. would willingly
go to Houlton ; but, entre nous, my instructions, as
Lieutenant-Governor, do not permit me to leave the
province ; perhaps, therefore, you would come over to
Woodstock.

" I have heard much of Major Kirby, and all that I
have heard induces me to wish to make his acquaintance.
" Lieut.-Colonel Maxwell, 36th Regiment, is a fine,
open-hearted soldier, and will promote our meeting with
all his heart. Should you wish to come incog., I hope
you will meet our friend Sir John Caldwell, at Augusta,
where his affairs have taken him. He is unchanged
and unchangeable—an excellent, intelligent, worthy
creature. He can give you a full account of us all,
and more especially the deep affliction into which the
domestic calamity, upon which your kind condolences
are so feelingly offered, has plunged this family. My
refuge is a close devotion to my public and private
duties ; and my consolation, the hope of a Christian.
God bless you, my dear Sir. Your very sincere friend,

" J. HARVEY.
" P.S.—Pray remember that I have relays of pro-
vincial light dragoons, by whom a communication from
Houlton, if sent by their commanding officer at Wood-
stock, will reach me in six hours."

" GENERAL SCOTT TO SIR JOHN HARVEY.
[Private.] " Augusta, Maine, March 21, 1839.
"My dear Sir John Harvey—l received, with
extraordinary despatch, your noble and friendly
reply, dated the 12th instant, to my semi-official
note addressed to you three days before, and commu-
nicating to his Excellency Governor Fairfield your
conciliatory dispositions, we were both anxious to
respond, in the same spirit, without a moment's
delay, but the Governor thought he could make no pro-
mise to withdraw the troops of Maine, before it could be
known that the Legislature would pass a resolution au-
thorising him to do so. It is now certain that such
resolution will be adopted ; and, apologising for the delay
that has occurred, I hasten to despatch the official note
which accompanies this, and sincerely hope that it may
prove satisfactory. In that event, and very soon after
hearing from you, I do not doubt that I shall have the
happiness of communicating to you a certified copy of
the Governor's order for the recall of his troops.
Should I, however, contrary to all expectation, not have
it in my power to enclose such order, and promptly, I
pledge myself to return you your reply without having
permitted it to pass out of my hands, and without per-
mit:ing a copy of it to be taken.
" I have been obliged to be a little specific in the
declaration 1 have taken the liberty to invite from you,
in order that I might be equally so in the proposed
declaration to be made on the part of Maine ; all which
may be considered as warranted by treating my note to
you of the 9th instant and your reply of' the 12th as
semi-official, and, as such, liable to be produced in
explanation if necessary. To this I have no objection,
and hope you may feel none.
" That negotiations are about to be resumed between
our Governments respecting the disputed territory,
either at London or Washington, as may be preferred
by Great Britain ; and that a messenger, recently ar-
rived from London, has informed Mr. Fox that instruc-
tions for him were nearly ready, 1 certainly know
through an official letter recently arrived from Wash-
ington.l
" It is probable that the Governor of Maine may
deem a civil posse, partly armed and partly unarmed,
of (say) froni one hundred and fifty to two hundred
and fifty persons, necessary ; of whom he would, pro-
bably, keep a handful at the boom across the Aroostook,
below the mouth of the Little Madawaska (on which
there is much cut timber exposed), and the remainder
at work on the " Aroostook road," on this side. Al-
though, under circumstances, he cannot stipulate on the
subject, I am certain that he does not intend to send
any part of such posse beyond the waters of the Aroos-
took river, and that it is his intention sn to employ his
people in guarding the timber, as to be but little ob-
served, and to give the least possible irritation to the
population of New Brunswick. Any aid which you
may be pleased to afford in securing the Cut timber
coming down the St. John's from the Aroostook dis-
trict of the disputed territory, after the timber shall
have arrived within your undisputed limits, although
uninvited by Maine, could not be regarded by her in
any unfriendly spirit.
" I have ventured, following out a suggestion in your
note of the 12th instant, to insert in the declaration in-
vited from you the words without renewed instruc-
tions from his Government ;' and there is a correspond-
ing proviso in the proposed declaration to be made by
Governor Fairfield, If this proviso be struck out of
one declaration, it might be omitted by the other party.
It is, however, not probable that new instructions would
be given by your Government, or the Legislature of
Maine, to disturb the proposed temporary arrangement
pending negotiations.
" I cannot, my dear Sir, believe, if we can succeed in
preventing bloodshed at present about this boundary
question, that it will be possible to get up a national
war' between us. There is no such desire on the part
of the Government or people of the United States ; on
the contrary, a wish to preserve peace with Great Bri-
tain is almost universal with us, and is, I am sure, reci-
procated on the other side of the Atlantic. I have had
pleasure in meerng here our old friend Sir John Cald-
well. He has done much good to both countries by his
conciliatory sentiments and manners.
" Long as I have delayed writing, under the circum-
stances intimated above, I have at last to write in haste'
omitting much that I had wished to say of a personal
character for some early occasion. In the meantime, &c.,
" WINFIELD SCOTT.
" Major-General Sir John Harvey, &c."
" This letter led to the arrangement which was for-
mally signed by the parties concerned, and had the
happy effect of putting a stop for the time to the
Aroostook war.' We will trust that there are very few
of our readers who will not agree with us that the letters
which passed between General Scott and Sir John
Harvey do honour to the head and heart of both those

[Mr. Paddison prefixes the following extract from
the works of the celebrated Robert Robinson, of Cam-
bridge, as a preface to his late lecture to the working
classes, entitled " The Established Church and Thoro-
good"
" A religious society, formed on principles of Reve-
lation, has no other rule of action than the express
word of God : natural worship resembles philosophical
experiments, but revealed worship resembles positive
institute. It is not enough that a thing is not forbidden :
it must be commanded. Christian faith is belief of a
divine, revealed, truth ; and Christian worship is obe-
dience to a divine, written, command. St. Paul went
on this ground, when he argued from the silence of
Scripture (Hebrew vii., 14) ; and when he affirmed the
perfection of revelation (2 Tim. iii., 16, 17).
" Revelation gives Christ an exclusive right of legis-
lation, good men entire liberty of conscience, and all
men the right of private judgment. The Episcopal
Church transferred all these rights to Harry and Eliza-
beth. It put them in the place of God, and alt their
successors in the condition of irrationals. It admitted
that dangerous first principle, human authority in re-
ligion ; and erected Anglican Episcopacy on what had
alone supported Popery and Paganism.
" This Church is constituted of the whole nation :
of all ages, of both sexes ; of all principles, of no prin-
ciples ; of all practices and professions, good, bad, and
indifferent. Its laws are canons, some confirmed by
Parliament, others not : all enforced by penal sanctions.
Its support is worldly riches, saved out of the ship-
wreck of that pirate the Pope. Its supreme head is a
king or a queen ; Lutheran, Presbyterian, Prelatical,
or Popish. It has existed under all, and served the
views of each.
" The officers of this Church are all unknown to
Scripture. The same head is both the legislative
and executive power. Under him, by commission,
are archbishops who superintend diocesan bishops ;
who have under them deans ; who arc over canons
and prebendaries, rectors, vicars, curates. The first
create the last, and the ast swear obedience to the
first. Prelates are Lords of Parliament ; they have a
sole power of ordination, confirmation, consecration--
a secular power to issue out writs in their own names
—to hold courts of judicature—to sentence without
a jury—to transact business relative to marriages, wills,
administrations ; and for these purposes they have
courts and officers, chancellors, archdeacons, commis-
saries, vicars general, officials, surrogates, proctors, re-
gisters, apparitors, &c. To describe their names,
power, employments, &c., would have puzzled the
twelve inspired apostles.
" The public worship of the Episcopal Church is by
stated Liturgy—a defective book in every point of
view. Its authority entirely human, it is conducted
partly by a priest who reads, and partly by the people,
who make responses—partly in a desk, partly at the
communion table, &c. In cathedrals it is chaunted.
It is composed of genuine and apocryphal Scrip-
tures ; creeds opposite to each other ; prayers of
Scripture, Fathers, mass-book ; political maxims, and
State designs. Infants are questioned ; boys are
taught falsehoods, and afterwards confirmed ; bread and
wine are consecrated ; the sick are absolved ; services
arc said for the Stuarts ; heretics are execrated, &c.
There are errors of every kind in it—literary, philoso-
phical, philological, theological : the very Scriptures are
burlesqued, by being turned into question and answer.
The whole is unnecessary and unwarrantable, and the
imposition of it despotical.
•"rhe Episcopal Church claims a right of ordaining
ceremonies, and practises many—consecrating places
—bowing to the East, and at the name of Jesus—
sprinkling infants—signing with the sign of the cross
—requiring sponsors—affecting great pomp and mys-
tery at what they call the sacrament—kneeling to
receive it. The actors all venerate certain habits, as
lawn sleeves, surplices, gowns, cassocks, hoods, &c.
observing, beside Lord's days, one hundred and fifty
holidays each year ; christening at the west end of
their buildings, taking their sacrament at the e Ist ;
reading in one place, preaching in another ; decorating
with pictures, organs, bells ; putting on a ring in mar-
riage, &c. The whole ritual is unordained by God, un-
profitable in Divine worship, expansive, heterogeneous,
and hurtful to popular piety, by employing the little
time and capacities of the common peoele about trifles,
generally rendered hateful to them by the slovenly man-
ner in which they are performed.
" The preface to the Episcopal Liturgy calls it divine
service, and quaintly adds that the first original was
ordained by the ancient Fathers. Every thine. in this
community has been blasphemously put to God's ac-
count. There was the divine right of kings, the
divine right of bishops, the divine right of tithes, and
now there is a boo/L• of divine right. However, like
other divine things, it may be examined ; reason and
religion require it.
" The terms of admission to membership and the
ministry are calculated so as to render examination
useless or dangerous. Infants are admitted, is public
or private, by dipping or sprinkling, answering interroga-
tories by proxy. Proxies are even required for adults,
who are admitted on their own profession of faith. Mi-
nisters are admitted by subscribing thirty nine hetero-
geneous, abstruse, human articles; by declaring that
the books of ordination and common prayer are agree-
able to the word of God, that the two books of homilies
contain a godly and wholesome doctrine, and by swear-
ing such:obedience to a lord bishop as 141 canons re-
quire. Nome of their divines say the articles are Armi-
nian ; others say they are Calvinistic. Some say they
subscribe to the words; others say to the sense ; some
some say to their own, and others to that of the com-
pilers ; others, again, in no sense. They subscribe them
as articles of peace, not of truth. The whole affair of
subscription is a miserable scene of prevarication.
The Episcopal Church imposes ministers on parishes
without the people's consent ; hence, no emulation in
the priests, nor the least aspiration after freedom in the
people : yet they call themselves clergy, that is, ministers
chosen by lot. The king or queen for the time being
chooses all the bishops, all the deans in England, all the
prebendaries, and many rectors. The Loid Chancellor
chooses many : the bishops choose the Welch deem,
the archdeacons, many rectors, vicars, &c. Nobility
and gentry have right of patronage : all present with-
out the consent of the people. All this arrangement
is for purpose of civil government, or rather for purpose
of the regal prerogative ; and it despoils priests and
people, alike, of religious liberty.
" The discipline of this corporation is the to Est
irregular and tyrannical that can well be "in
this
country. Numbers of ministers and. members, who
disbelieve the doctrines of the ereeds
and practices' all
immoralities, live quietly--yea, obtain the highest,-
ferment in it. Some of the most wicked are obligedge rteo-
receive their sacrament as a
qualification for office.
This corporation punishes in spiritual courts—true in-
quisitionse—where lay chancellors are judges, from
whose decrees there lies no appeal. The punish-
ments are fines, imprisonments, deprivations, penances,
commutations of penance, excommunications, even of
those who were never of the community. The excom-
municated are excluded from the public
worship, cut off
from giving evidence from recovering property by law,
from Christian burial*, &e. All this cruel polity is var-
nished over with spirituality and divinity. In the
name of God, Amen! A spiritual Lord—by Divine
Providence--in a spiritual court—plays the devil, and