The Sun.
London, England, 1847-07-24 00:00:00

DISSOLUTION OF PARLIAMENT.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE "LONDON

GAZETTE " OF LAST EVENING.

BY TIE QUEEN.
A PROCLAMATION, FOR DISSOLVING THE
PRESENT PARLIAMENT, AND DECLARING
THE CALLING OF ANOTHER.

Vrcrottra, R.—Whereas we have thought fit, by and
with the advice of Our Privy Council, to dissolve this
present Parliament, which was this day prorogued and
stands prorogued to Tuesday the 21st day of September
next: we do for that end publish this our Royal Pro-
clamation, and do hereby dissolve the said Parliament
accordingly ; and the Lords Spiritual and Temporal,
and the Knights, Citizens, and Burgesses, and the Com-
missioners for shires and harghs, of the House of Com-
mons are discharged from their meeting and attendance
on the said Tuesday the twenty-first day of September
next: and we, being desirous and resolved, as soon as
may be, to meet our people, and to have their
advice in Parliament, do hereby make known to
all our loving subjects our Royal will and pleasure to
call a new Parliament; and do hereby further declare
that, with the advice of our Privy Council, we have
given order that our Chancellor of that part of our
United Kingdom called Great Britain, and our Chan-
cellor of Ireland, do, respectively. upon notice thereof,
forthwith issue out writs in due form, andaccording to law,
for calling a new Parliament: and we do hereby also, by
this our Royal Proclamation, under our great seal of our
.United Kingdom, require writs forthwith to be issued
accordingly by our said Chancellors respectively, for
causing the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Com.
mons, who are to serve i❑ the said Parliament, to be
duly returned to, and give their attendance in, our said
Parliament, which writs are to be returnable on Tuesday
the twenty-first day of September next.

Given at our Court at Buckingham Palace, this twenty-
third day of July, in the year of our Lord one thou-
sand eight hundred and forty-seven, and in the eleventh
year of our reign.

GOD SAVE THE QUEEN.

BY THE QUEEN.

A PROCLAMATION, IN ORDER TO THE
ELECTING AND SUMMONING THE SIX-

TEEN PEERS OF.6COTLAND.

VICTORIA, IL—Whereas we in our Council have thought
fit to declare our pleasure for summoning and holding a
Parliament of our United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, on Tuesday the 21st September next ensuing the
date hereof ; in order, therefore, to the electing and
summoning the Sixteen Peers of Scotland, who are to
sit in the House of Peers in the said Parliament, we do,
by the advice of our Privy Council, issue forth this our
Royal Proclamation, strictly charging and commanding

all the Peers of Scotland to assemble and meet at Holy-
rood House, in Edinburgh, on Wednesday, the Bth day
of September next ensuing, between the hours of twelve
arid two in the afternoon, to nominate and choose the
sixteen Peers, to sit and vote in the House of Peers in
the said ensuing Parliament, by open election and plurality
of voices of the Peers that shall be then preset t,
and of the proxies of such as shall be absent
(such proxies being Peers, and producing a
mandate in writing, duly signed before witnesses,
and both the constituent and proxy being qualified
according to law); and the Lord Clerk Register, or such
two of the principal Clerks of the Session as shall be
appointed by him to officiate in his name, are hereby
respectively required to attend such meeting, and to
administer the oaths required by law to be taken there by
the said Peers, and to take their votes; and immediately
after such election made and duly examined, to certify
the names of the sixteen Peers so elected, and to sign
and attest the same in the presence of the said Peers the
electors, and return our certificate into our High Court
of Chancery of Great Britain. And we do, by this
our Royal Proclamation, strictly command and require
the Provost of Edinburgh, and all other magistrates of

the said city, to take especial care to preserve the
peace thereof during the time of the said election,
and to prevent all manner of riots, tumults, disorders,
and violence whatsoever. And we strictly charge and
command that this our Royal Proclamation be duly pub-
lished at the Market cross, at Edinburgh, and in ail the
county towns of Scotland, twenty-five days at least
before the time hereby appointed for the meeting of the
said Peers to proceed to such election.
Witness ourself at Westminster, this twenty-third day
of July, one thousand eight hundred and forty-seven,
and i❑ the eleventh year of our reign.

GOD SAVE THE QUEEN.

IMPERIAL PA H,LIANIEN T.

HOUSE OF LORDS, July 23.

This being the day fixed for the prorogation of Par-

liament the doors of the House were opened at Twelve
o'clock, and soon after the galleries of the House and
the seats set apart for Peeresses were occupied
by ladies of rank, in full dress. The Foreign Am-
bassadors occupied the place set apart for them, and
were dressed in full costume, several of them
displaying the ribboi,s and jewels of their several orders
of knighthood. The Peers, in their robes, began to ar-
rive shortly before one o'clock, 'and at two o'clock the
arrival of her Majesty was announced. Her Majesty,,
accompanied by Prince Albert and . attended by
her Ministers and the great officers of State en-
tered the House shortly after two o'clock.
All rose on the entry of her Majesty, who, taking her
seat upon the throne, commanded the attendance of the
House of Commons at the bar. The coup d mil presented
at this moment was superb, and whatever may be the de-
ficiencies of the new chamber as a place for debate, it
must be admitted that as a salle de spectacle for occa-
sions of state it is unrivalled. Nothing could exceed the
gorgeous magnificence of the scene as the Queen, taking
her seat on the throne, commanded all present to be seated.
The Speaker of the House of Commons, dressed in
his state robes, and attended by several of the Members,
then appeared at the bar, and addressed her Majesty as
follows:

" MOST GRACIOUS SOVEREIGN,

" We, your Majesty's most faithful Commons, attend
your Majesty with the Bill by which the supplies are
completed for the present year. They have been
granted with a strict regard to economy, as also with a
disposition to make ample provi4on for all branches of
the public service.

" During the progress of the session which is now
about to terminate, we have maturely considered various
measures for the practical improvement of the law, and
for the amelioration of the moral and social condition
of the people. And where it has not been possible to
bring these measures to a satisfactory conclusion, we
hope to have prepared the way for sound and useful
legislation in future sessions of Parliament.
" We have passed Acts to regulate the disposition
and transfer of lands in Scotland, and whilst carefully
adhering to the established principles of law, we have
given increased facilities for dealing with real property
in that country, which must tend greatly to increase its
security and value.
" We have found it necessary to place a further limi-
tation on the hours of labour of young persons employed
in factories ; and by giving more time and opportunity
for their religious and moral instruction, for healthful
recreation, and the exercise of their domestic duties, we
have elevated the character and condition of a large
and industrious class engaged in manufacturing ope-

The Royal Assent was then given to several Bills.
The LORD CHANCELLOR then advanced to the
foot of the throne, and kneeling, presented her Majesty
with a copy of the Speech. Her Majesty then proceeded
to read in a clear and beautifully distinct tone the
Speech (for which see our paper of yesterday).
Her Majesty having concluder) reading the Speech,
The LORD CHANCELLOR said, it is her Majesty's
royal will and pleasure that the present Parliament he
prorogued to Tuesday, the 21st day of September, and
it is prorogued accordingly.
Her Majesty then rose from the throne, and the royal
procession left the House in the same order in which-lt
entered.

At about a quarter before three o'clock her Majesty
left the House of Lords, and proceeded in state to Buck-
ingham Palace.

The Park guns fired a royal salute on her Majesty's
arrival at and departure from the House of Lords.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. July 23.
The SPEAKER took the chair at One o'clock.
THE NEW HOUSE OF COMMONS.
Lord M. HILL, the Compt roller of the Household,
appeared at the table in uniform, with the reply of her
Majesty to the address recently voted on the subject of
the accommodation of the House of Commons. The
reply was as follows :—" In answer to your address, it
is my anxious wish that there should not be any unne-
cessary delay in providing permanent accommodation
for the Members of your Honourable House, and I will
give directions accordingly."
WEST INDIES.
Lord G. BENTINCK said it was his intention, at
the earliest period in the next Parliament, to ask for a
Select Committee to inquire into the state of the West
Indies as regarded their present power to compete with
those countries which have still the advantage of forced
labour. The Noble Lord went into statistics to show
that there had been a great falling off in the produce of
sugar and rum from our West India colonies since the
reduction of the duty on slave-grown sugar. He thought
the differential duty should not be less than fifty per
cent., or seven shillings per hundred weight ; and he
was of opinion that it would be much better to appro-
priate a portion of the one million sterling which was
now being expended every year, with a view to the sup-
pression of the slave trade, in obtaining free labourers
for our West India colonies, so as to deprive Cuba and
Brazil of the profit which they obtained by slave labour,
by furnishing free labour on lower terms to the West
Indies ; and thus, by competition, beating down the
profits of the slave holding states. He had been in-
formed, on very good authority, that the value of slaves
in Cuba had increased twenty-five per cent. within the
last year ; 1001. a-head was now give❑ for every male
slave as soon as he was landed. They were forced to
labour eighteen hours out of the twenty-four, and the
number of suicides that occurred was beyond all imagi-
nation, whilst the average life of slaves in Cuba was not
estimated to endure beyond five, and in Brazil beyond
six years. His object was, to enable the West India
planter, with his free labour, to supply the sugar market
at a lower price than the slave-owner, and thus abolish
the infamous traffic in human beings. The Noble Lord
concluded by stating that he should move for a Com-
mittee on the subject in the next Parliament.
Mr. lIAWES said the Noble Lord evidently wished
his statement to go forth to the country to be made use
of at the coming elections ; the public, however, would
see that the policy of the Government was to reduce all
the first necessaries of life as much as possible, whilst
they would clearly understand that the motive of the
Noble Lord was to revive the old doctrine of protection
in favour of sugar with a view to increase its price. The
petition which the Noble Lord had presented was from a
single parish in Jamaica, and its demands had been
carefully excluded from the House. The Noble Lord
wished to keep up a differential duty of fifty per cent.,
whilst the petitioners modestly asked that they might
have the privilege of sending their sugar free of dlity
altogether. When the Noble Lord talked of any por-
tion of the sum paid for the suppression of slavery being
put into the pockets of the planters he must have for-
gotten that the country had already paid 20,000,0001. to
those persons, and that there was nothing to prevent
their obtaining as great a supply of labour as their
capital could procure. With reference to Jamaica,
however, that was the only colony which had interfered
by its own act to stop the supply of labour. When the
Noble Lord moved for his Committee on the subject, it
would be for those i❑ power to determine what course
they should adopt, and there would be no difficulty in
showing that the law which had recently been passed o❑
this subject would be most conducive to the increase of
capital, and the ultimate happiness of the people.
After a few words from Mr. BORTH WICK, the sub-
ject dropped.

Cambridge, and the Princess Mary, attended by Baroness
Hammerstein and Baron Knesebt-ck, left town at hall-
past ten o'clock yesterday morning for the continent.
'fheir Royal Highnesses proceeded to the Bricklayers
Arms station, and left by the South-Eastern Thiilway for
Dover, from wilenco their Rol al Highnesses ill embark
for Ostend, en route to Frankfort. The Duke of Cam-
!midge visited and took leave of her Royal Highness the
Duchess of Gloucester yesterday morning at Gloucester
House.

COWES, ISLE OF WIGHT.
(FROM 01.11 t OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
JULY 23.
ROYAL YACHT SQUADRON INTELLIGENCE.
ARRIVALS.
July 16. Heroine cutter, Sir J. R. Carnac, Bart., from
London.
17. Pearl cutter, Marquis of Anglesey, from London;
Arrow cutter, Thomas Chamberlayne, Esq., from the
eastward.
20. Noran cutter, Sir 11. B. Hoghton, Bart., from
New Yarmouth.
22. Frisk cutter, Richard Frankland, Esq., from Cork
and Plymouth; Resolution schooner, Duke of Rutland,
from Brost.

SAILINGS.
July 22. Noran cutter, Sir H. B. Hoghton, Bart., for
Guernsey.
YACHTS AT AND ABOUT THE STATION.
Schooners—Capricorn, Flirt, Camilla, Magic, Resolu-
tion, Fair Rosamond, Merlin Maud.
Cutters—Pearl, Sparrowhawk, Peterel, Alarm, Dryad,
Lark, Frisk, Elizabeth, Nymph, Witch, Osprey, Arrow,
Turquoise, Stormfinch, Heroine, Antelope, Aurora.
Yawls—Dream, Waterlily, Susan, Syren, Eagle.
ELECTION MOVEMENTS.—Mr. Wykeham Martin has
started again for the hot ough of Newport. He has been
to-day canvassing that part of Cowes that some magic
has made part of the borough of Newport. Mr. Plow-
den is supported by the High Church party, and Messrs.
Blake and Crompton by the Liberals.
BLIGHT.—It is rather curious that the potatoes have
escaped and are better this year than for the three past
seasons, while the beans planted amongst them have
been destroyed by the aphis. Peas and all other vege-
tables, except potatoes, have suffered seriously.

rations.
" There is, however, one subject of paramount impor-
tance to which your Majesty was graciously pleased to
direct our attention at the commencement of the session
and which called for long and anxious deliberation.
For many months past your Majesty's subjects in
Ireland have been suffering from the combined effects
of famine and its too frequent consequence—disease ;
requiring pecuniary aid, and prompt and energetic mea-
sures to arrest their fatal progress, and to prevent an
almost total disorganization of society in many parts of
that kingdom.

"No exertion has been wanting on our part to meet
this terrible emergency. Every restriction on the impor-
tation of food has been suspended, and every resource of
legislation employed to mitigate what no human wisdom
could avert—this awful visitation of Divine Providence.
Nor, in providing for this emergency, have we been
unmindful of the permanent welfare of that important
part of the United Kingdom. We have encouraged the
development of its vast capabilities and the industry of its
inhabitants, by giving every pass) ble stimulus to public and
private enterprise, whether directed to the improvement
of land, or to the establishment and construction of
fisheries and harbours; and, profiting by past experience,
we have extended and rendered more effective the pro-
visions of the law for the relief of the destitute poor,

thereby bringing into new and closer relations, and con-
necting by ties of mutual interest, the proprietor and
cultivator of the soil.

" To those measures for the temporary relief, and fur
the permanent improvement of Ireland, our labours have
been assiduously devoted; and nobly and generously have
our efforts been respondeit to by all classes of your
Majesty's subjects, who, following your Majesty's_gra-
cious and benevolent example, from the highest in the
realm to the humblest, have made every sacrifice which
the urgency of the case demanded to alleviate sufferings
unexampled in their intensity, and borne with a forti-
tude and resignation equally unexampled by that brave
and loyal people.
" We now tender to your Majesty the last Bill for
appropriating the various sums voted out of the Con-
solidated l'und,ito which we humbly beg your Majesty's
Royal Assent."

"'Pray tell it me.'

" ' Yes !'

1. 11E SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JULY 24, 1847.

LITERATURE.

Flno
al?
nToE:I
,Cf
ruo Err •
the A oh v eoi
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andyrajmaamteise Sheridan
we
Knowles. Three Vols.
are naturally disposed to look for some peculiarities
which may, in a certain degree assimilate it with its
author's ordinary compositions. For instance we
may expect the heroes and heroines of the tale to be
possessed of a certain vitality more akin to the self-
acting personages of the drama than the automata of
an ordinary romance, we may expect pecularities of
temperament to be more nicely discriminated, and
the individuality of character to be more clearly de-
fined. As a drawback to these advantages we may
likewise anticipate that the dramatist, while he aspires
in a novel as in a drama, to "hold a mirror up to
nature," and pourtray life as it is, will also (forget-
ting for a while his change of materiel) in a novel as
in a drama, endeavour sometimes to effect a compro-
mise between nature and stage effect, and diminish
occasionally the probability of a denouement in order
to enhance the attraction of a " scene." These pecu-
liarities, whether defective or otherwise, may easily
be remarked in this navel by Sheridan Knowles.
Many of the "situations," more especially the climax,
where the chief personages of the tale are are all un
expectedly assembled in a church, bear evidence of
the dramatic experience of their author. But " For-
tescue" has one great attraction which a drama can
scarcely possess—namely, the earnest, genial, warm-
hearted style in which it is written. Many passages
have evidently been thrown off hurriedly, under the
impulse of the moment, and are consequently most
animated—written con amore, as the saying is, than
which never was saying more expressive. Among
these passages are brief but earnest eulogies of
Shakspere, inspired by a walk to Shakspere's Cliff, of
Thomas Moore, suggested by a casual quotation, and,
above all, of the great namesake and relative of the
author, Richard Brinsley Sheridan. Fortescue is a
distant relative of the great orator, who is, in conse-
quence, frequently alluded to in these volumes. After
referring to Mr. Sheridan's death and the poverty
which surrounded it. Sheridan Knowles, who is evi-
dently his most devoted admirer, eloquently and even
passionately eulogises his conduct, and denounces the
little respect shown to his memory in his having no
monument in the new Houses of Parliament. But let
him speak for himself :
" Go, ransack the journals of the House for any vote
of Sheridan's that was not to the truth of Liberty !—a
phrase of his own, when he was arraigned for laying a
thoughtless wager that the men, most of whom he mis-
trusted, because he knew them, would not succeed in
their efforts to obtain office. If he bad a fault in respect

to his devotion to liberty, it was, perhaps, that of his
loving it too much, where the land of his birth was con-
cerned ; for we perfectly well recollect a night, when
kindled into burning—aud how he could burn!—when
kindled into burning at the enumeration of his country's
ages of oppression and persecution, and at the relation
of the game of blood that had been played, by luring or
goading, to plunge her into insurrection ; he struck the
table with his clenched hand, and exclaimed, " By
had I been there at the time, I should have been myself a
rebel
"And Sheridan is not to have a monument in the new
Houses of Parliament! Our love to the judicious com-
missioners! 0, fur an Apollo to award them the honours
of Midas! Give Burke a niche—not a crevice to She-
ridan! Write it down with a steel pen !—the handle, a
cherished polished splinter from the abandoned hulk of
any one of many ships, which, when they were new, and
well found, and full-manned, he saved at the mutinous
Nore!

"To the kennel with rewards! After this they are
offal and ordure! Look on!—the Crown—the Ministry
—the Parliament—the country ! and applaud the
discrimination, disinterestedness, and justice of the
sapient junta—Burke!—But never mind!"

And then follows a passage, which we will not
quote, but which, en passant, we must entirely pro-
test against, namely, some indignant and most
unworthy remarks in reference to one of

the biographers of Sheridan, who is styled,
in irony, " a composer of mechanic's essays,"
—a title which, to our thinking, is a very
honourable one. But while we disapprove of such
observations we can, to a certain extent, excuse
them, because like the warm-hearted eulogiums they
are evidently written hastily under the impulse of
the moment. The following passage relating to the
death of Sheridan is of some interest
:
"Fortescue was left alone. lie read the account of
his cousin's sickness and his death.
"‘ Solitary work!' sighed Fortescue—' A faithful wife
—and one faithful friend!—And poverty—but that ex-
plains it. Providence ! where was the world in his
bitter extremity—the world which he delighted, in-
structed, served? Alone!—Merciful Providence, alone !
—But now for company! They will show themselves at
his funeral.'

"He read the description of the funeral, and there,
indeed, they were.
" Nauseous parade!' Fortescue cried. There was
not one heart among them all!—What troops of them
there were—to enjoy the credit of attending at the obse-
quies which they might have deterred, perhaps for many
a clay, had only a few of them clubbed together, as they
do, year after year, for a plate, to be run for by a race-
horse! And his strait must have been known to them—
and there was not one of them--noble or commoner—
who had not banqueted upon his genius, the most lus-
trous and diversified of his time! " Die!—but I shall go
to your funeral !" I wonder if they managed to squeeze
out a sear. It would have been carving and gilding to
their hypocrisy! A pity that such a piece of workman-
Ship should be put out of hands incomplete. They had
no hearts!—lle had one.'

" Here Fortescue threw down the paper, stamped upon
it, and wept.
" He had a heart,' Fortescue repeated; and good
reason have I to know it—a heart that never allowed
him to look at his own circumstances when those of an-
other solicited his assistance, and he thought he could
accord it; and if not, he could not refrain from promising
it. Some way or another he must relieve the heart that
never looked upon need, or listened to it, without filling
till it overflowed with compassion. Did I not know that
man? I did, from the first—from the moment that my
poor father introduced me to him, when his full bright
eye looked thoughtfully and cherishingly upon the boy
of his less fortunate relative. Did I not know that man!
—Did I not love him!'
" Here Fortescue's tears flowed afresh.
" He had scarce dried them when Mrs. Parkyn re-
turned. Observing the newspaper upon the floor, she
stooped to lift it. He anticipated her, and placed it upon
the table.

" Will you not keep it?' she kindly inquired.
" No, madam. All that I want, and more than I want,
is imprinted upon my heart! Bloodless creatures;'
" I know what you allude to, but there was one re-
deeming exception. A nobleman—it has bee❑ said an
early friend—supplied him with one hundred guineas."
" Don't believe it, madam!'

" ' Why, indeed, I heard but yesterday a new version
of the story, and which I have every reason to regard as
the true one.'

" The act of friendship originated in the suggestion
of an amiable poet, who urged upon Lord 11--- the
need of a supply, and offered to contribute the moiety.
The proposition was met, and another interview was ap-
pointed ; but when that interview took place the person
solicited declined, upon the plea that your cousin's wife
had disabused a common friend as to the existence of
any pecuniary difficulty.'
" And what was the result ?'

" ` The poet himself gave the money.'
" God bless him ! and the peer, madam ?'
" He reimbursed the poet to the amount he had pro-
mised, upon ascertaining that his demur had been founded
upon a perfect Linsey.'
" ` And with whom did the fallacy originate ?'
" With Lord L--, who probably was misunder-
stood. In my mind the poet had all the honour
" And let him have it,' rejoined Fortescue.
" The memory of the kindly deed belongs of right to
him !'
" Rogers !'

" The new version of the anecdote was the correct
one ; and it was a pity that one of Sheridan's biogra-
graphers—for Sheridan was the man to whom our hero
had the honour of being allied—should have attributed
to the nobleman the whale credit of a transaction, of the
merits of which his lordship could lay claim, at the most,
to but an inconsiderable and very questionable share.
After all, there was nothing enormous in the boon ! It
could hardly have involved a mortgage ! We ourselves,
when at a pinch, have been offered five times—ay, ten
times the same amount by a Glasgow cotton spinner,
and by a Glasgow merchant sailor—scions of Nature's
noble family I"

Besides the genial tone of kindliness which pervades
these volumes, they are imbued with a genuinell reli-
gious spirit, demonstrating by that best of a
teach-
ings—the teaching by example—how beautiful and
happy a feeling is a humble dependence upon God,
and a constant and cheerful submission to His will.
The main object of the work is apparently to incul-
cate_ the great importance of self-command. Henry
Fortescue, the hero of the story, is a youth of great
promise and good principles, but endued with lively
feelings, whose impulse he is ever ready to obey. In
order the better to illustrate the evil effects of such a
tendency, the author of his history has placed him
in a somewhat peculiar, and certainly very trying,
situation with regard to the two heroines of the tale
—Marian and Lucy. The characters of these ladies,
as opposite as night and day, are both very excel-
lently delineated—that of Lucy is, perhaps, the most
naturally done, that of Marian is more ideal.
Marian is represented as the possessor of every
personal grace, and mental and moral good quality ;
while Lucy, the ill-educated daughter of uneducated
parenti, has only a beautiful face, and viva-
city of manner, to counterbalance the absence
of every other attraction. Marian is much
younger than Fortescue—he has been accus-
tomed to regard her only as a child, yet child
as she is, she is devoted to him, and he himself fully
conscious of her many estimable qualities, believes
that in time she will be a paragon or perfection. Her
mother is anxious to Took upon Fortescue as a son,
and all his better feelings prompt him to preserve his
heart for Marian. This is a somewhat unromantic
and business-like way. of dealing with such
_. a subject,
as most novel readers will agree, but this is the il-
lustraion which the author of cc Fortescue" has

adopted in order to enforce his moral lesson—namely, MOZART'S " NOZZE DI FIGARO."
the propriety of refusing a present gratification, in order The following interesting details respecting this work
to procure a yet greater one in tutor(); This is at- are extracted from Mr. Iloittes's Lize of Moz rt
most beyond the power of Fortescue; though fully " From a letter of Leopold Mozart to his daughter,
impressed with the excellence of Marian, he can with dated Novt-mber 11, 1785, we learn that the composer
difficulty resist the influence of the fascinating Lucy. ;was
already engaged in preparation for his
ariati
opera, Le
Fl
The parents of Luny are also anxious for, her union
.Nozze di they
ne were on ,y
preparations,
tpwa
with our hero, and, encouraged by them the young
other engagements intervened,
but
nterved, and
not commenced until the April following. Thesc
oorn:, was,
lady uses every art to captivate her hesitating lover.
This part of the story is detailed with great minuteness,
grossing subject of Mozart's thoughts during the spring
and though made to appeartheyNozze in some degree natural undertaken at the suggestion of the Emperor Joseph.
and probable, it is certainly not pleasing, the lady This work, which has maintained its place on the stage
and gentleman having, as it were. changed parts- and in the drawing-room for nearly sixty years in con-
But if the conduct of Lucy is somewhat forward and tinuation, is justly considered, for its extraordinary deplacee, the character of Jilarian is very delicately wealth of melody, the variety of its style, and the per-
drawn, she is evidently a favourite with the author. faction of its concerted music, as one of the most won
He has endeavoured, and not unsuccessfully, to derful trophies of human skilL The libretto, adapted
illustrate in her childish devotion, the purity by Da Ponte from the well-known comedy of Bine-
and unselfishness and other nobler attributes marchais, seems to have satisfied Mozart, and
the subject seems to have possessed unusual charms:
of love. Her pleasure on receiving letter
ess
site
a
from Fortescue is very happily described ibedr for him, if we may judge by the rate at which he worked.
when hardly conscious of her own feelings,The Miele opera was written in the course of April.
The marvellous finale of the second act, consisting of six
tribes the happiness of her heart to the beauty of thes-
weather_ " No, indeed, mother ; I never yet saw grand pieces, occupied him for two nights. and
lant, day,
e
the morning that was half so fine as this. It is not edoeurritsieg
07hhichs tole
second
wroteoh
h he without
was isetiearemd
wssitichnan
fancy—l feel it." But we have now detailed suffi- which eomtpce.llede °him tiogstto but there remained only a
illness
cient, and must leave the denouement undisturbed. few pages of the last piecept;o instrument. During the
The beginning of the first volume, before the real month of May, the composer was occupied in teaching
story commences, is very interesting, and contains some the singers and superintending the rehearsals. It is re-
markable that the experienced friends ot Mozart trembled
very admirable sentiments, but the concluding por-
fo.r the reception of this opera; and the father (Leopold),
lion of the third volume, after the real interest is
swtanteo wofell knew the musical politics of Vienna, and the
over, is quite unworthy of the work. The character
ptigi
or toi ebst er e , WrIVS to his daughter, April
and conduct of Marian 's uncle, who is then intro- in these
plaice
on
the 28th.
first stage of rehearals
1786 a
will take
doted as just arrived from India, is most unnatural
know
Itt will be fortunate it the
agforai:istKit;
Salieri
tahnerdestrhei immensely
and even revolting. Still we are ready to forget all opera succeeds,
imperfections for the sake of the many attractions by strong intrigues
which they are accompanied, namely. among others, move heaven and earth to put it down. Dusssetrk latelw
is the high estimation
the good moral and the good and ennobling sentiments said to me, " that the reason of your brother's having
which strong cabals against hint,
which the whole work inculcates; the many agree-
he
andhas gßaiinehdinbiy his uncommon talent and skill."
witthhimsnatiamrtef ready
able characters which it introduces to our notice,
among whom we have forgotten to particularise Mrs. Salieri
with operas, weregbothcompetgitorast Parkyn, whose kindliness, warm-heartedness, and
ference ; and the contest between the composers Wrapsrsoa-
plain-spoken manner is very naturally pourtrayed. warm, that the Emperor was obliged to interpose, and
and theseemThegenerous tone in which the whole tale is written, he decided for Figaro. Some eagerness of rivalry seem
bursts of earnest eloquence with which it is to have been pardonable on an occasion which is ren-
interspersed—these are among the attractions of dered memorable by the unequalled talent of the singers,
which " Fortescue" can boast, to which, let us add, and the extraordinary congress of composers assembled
not the least—the authorship of Sheridan Knowles. at Vienna.
Rarely, if ever, has it happened to a musician to sub-
mit his composition• to such an ordeal as Mozart dal
Figaro, and few have been the instances in dramatic
annals in which men of such renown as Haydn, Mozart,
Week, Paisiello, Storage, Salieri, Righini, Antossi, tke.s
have been collected together under one roof to witness
the first performance of an opera, and it is no impro-
bable surmise that they were on this occasion. The re-
hearsals went off favourably. Kelly, who claims to have
sung " Crudel percha?" with the composer, just as it had
fallen fresh from the pen, gives a lively account of the
first rehearsal. " I remember Mozart was on the
stage, with his crimson pelisse and gold laced cocked
hat, giving the time of the music to the or.
chestra. Figaro's song, " Non piu andrai, farfallone
amoroso," Benucci gave with the greatest animation and
power of voice. I was standing close to Mozart, who,
sotto voce, was repeating, " Bravo, bravo, Benucci;" and
when Benucci came to the fine passage, " Cherubino, albs
vittoria, alla gloria militar," which he gave out with
stentorian lungs, the effect was electricity itself, for the
whole of the performers on the stage and those in the
orchestra, as if actuated by one feeling of delight, voci-
ferated " Bravo, bravo, maestro! . Viva, viva, grande
Mozart!" Those in the orchestra I thought would never
have ceased applauding, by beating the bows of violins
against the music desk. The little man acknowledged,
by repeated obeisances, his thanks for the distinguished
mark of enthusiastic applause bestowed upon him. "But
on the first night of the performance there was a cabal
among the singers, which obliged Mozart to go, between
the first and second acts, to the box of the Emperor,
where he pointed out, in great agitation, the danger hits
music was incurring. The refractory performers
were brought back to their duty by Royal inter-
ference. For an account of the opera during the second
and third nights, we must extract a sentence from a let..
ter of the composer's father, d ated May 18, 1786 :—"At the
second representation at Vienna, there were five, and
at the third seven pieces encored, and among them a
little duet, which was sung three times.' These en.
cores, which seem indicative of the growing popularity
of the opera, were, notwithstanding, of transient effect,
and the balance of parties was decidedly adverse to
Mozart. It is well ascertained, that the profits of the
third representation, which were to reward his labour,
proved so inconsiderable as in no degree to ameliorate
his circumstances, and so discouraged was he with the
reception of Figaro, that he resolved never more to
produce an opera at Vienna. This resolution he in-
deed waived, through change of circumstances and mo-
tives of private benevolence ; but his dissatistaction with
the musical taste of Vienna is well known. Among the
performers who sustained the original cast of characters
in Figaro, Mozart could certainly reckon upon some
friends. According to his memorandum on this opera,
they consisted or the following female singers
race, Laschi, Mar.dini, Bassani, and Nanina ; the men
were Beuucci, Mandini, Ochely, and Bassani.
What the lyric drama gained by this opera in ele-
gance of melody, in models of love songs, in rich con-
certed music and varied finales, we are well able to
determine. While all the p.pular melodies ot the comic
..peras coeval with Figaro (attics which were regularly
transferred from he theatre to the ,treet musicians) are
lost, not a note of that composition has faded, and when
reproduced, it still finds as many enthusiastic admirers
as a comedy of Shakspeare. Thu cusehination of play-
fulness and grace which predominates in it, imparts to
Figaro, according to souir critics, a more decided Mo.
zArtian C,Luracler (ball fury wait r of his works. .Every
one may certainly find in it something to please. The
musician, for instance, haters with d. light to the bass of
the first duet, or to the admirable nista umentation of the
song in which the page is trying on the cap. %% hat wealth
of beauty in place eomparaittely unnoticed. Those
who like to combine delightful music with a laugh, may
tine both in the duet in which Susanna describes the
behaviour of the Count when her bridegroom is gone
on his travels. The deprecatoryifiterit'etious of poor
Figaro, " Susanna, inert, piate" call up toe mostrleasan t
recollections. It were endless to pursue this opera
through all its materials for pleasure. The favourite
piece of the composer was the sestetto, " Riconosci in
questo amplesso." Le Nozze di Figaro is the third
dramatic piece which its composer tiwi produced by
desire of the Emperor Joseph. Throughout the re-
mainder of the year in which Figaro was produced,
Mozart appears to have been full ot a plan of settlieg in
England.'

MARKET INTELLIGENCE.
(From the Landon New Price Current of July 23.)
SUGAIL—To-day the home and export demand for
Raw Sugar was not so good, and former terms were not
generally sustained. In West India Muscovado only a
small amount of business was transacted, and for brown,
inferior yellow, and grey, in some cases merchants
lowered their prices 6d per cwt, but good and fine
grocery sustained the former currency. The purchases
are only 300 hhds, &c., including 111 hhds Barbadoes at
public sale, which went 6d per cwt under the rates of the
sales held on Tuesday.
REFINED.—To-day there was less demand for Refined
goods for home use, and prices declined, Standard Lumps
selling at 595, and brown grocery 565.
EAST INDIA.—This afternoon at public sale, 1,598
bags of Bengal were offered, the whole sold at 44s 6d to
45s 6d for mid and good mid white, and good at 465,
damp and washed 41s 6d to 45s 6d, being the former
value ; but ordinary damp brown was taken in at 33s 6d
to 345, a few lots of low soft yellow sold at 355, being
cheaper.

MAIIRITIUS.—This afternoon the quantity of Mauri-
tius oTered at public sale amounted to 4,317 bags and
28 casks; the chief part consisted of the sorts under 40s,
and for these prices declined 6d to is per cwt; but those
at and above that price fetched the former worth.
FOREIGN.—Holders of all descriptions have more con-
fidence, and there is but a moderate quantity offering
for sale. There has been an increased demand from
exporters, and the business transacted has been much
larger than last week. Our refiners working under bond
have operated with more freedom, whilst tke grocers
purchased a fair quantity, and more than last week.
The market has a firm appearance. At public sale 7,580
bags of China were sold for export at full rates.
MOLASSES.—The market at length has assumed a
brisker appearance, but at present there is no advance
to notice in the value,. holders are, however, not so wil-
ling to press sales. The total purchases amount to 600
puncheons.
COFFEL—This afternoon a fair business was trans-
acted privately in Ceylon of all kindle, and at firm sates;
good ordinary Native fetched 37s 6d to 38s. None was
offered at public sale. Of Jamaica 55 casks 14 barrels
were put up to auction, and sold at steady prices—low
to good ordinary at 40s to 455, fine and fine ordinary
54s to 64s per cwt.
COCOA,—West India is in brisker request, but there
is no advance to notice in the value. At public sale 117
bags were sold, Trinidad, fine red at 57s to 57s 6d, good
dark 53s to 53s 6d, ordinary 475, and St. Lucia low dull
red 43s per cwt. The market will be better supplied
shortly. For Foreign Cocoa the market is in a quiet
state, and prices are on the decline; at public sale 400
bags of Para were sold at 39s to 40s for good dark
greyish red.

v TEA.—At
the public sales this day, at which the only
important arrivals of fine Gunpowders and Imperials
which have yet appeared this season, establish the ad-
vance in these sorts at from 6d to 8d per ib, as high as
3s 3d being obtained for Imperials, and 5s 64 fur Gun-
powders of superior grade; useful tnidCing Gunpowder,
sold readily at 3s 3d to 3s 10d; glazed coarse Leal
Twankay
RICE.—To day in East India Rice there was less bu-
siness privately ; at public sale 857 bags were sold a!
18s fid for middling white, being the full value.
SAGO.—By private treaty there was not much desire
shown to operate; and 999 boxes at public sale went
to 3s under former rates.

SPICES.—There has been little desire evinced to ope
rate in Jamaica Ginger, aiftough there are sellers upon
further reduced terms. Or 152 barrels of Jamaica
offered at auction, a small part only found buyers. Pi-
mento is wanted. There is an unwillingness on the
part of holders of Black Pepper to submit to lower
rates, and they supply the market si aringly, hut the
amount of business transacted by private treaty
has been upon a 5m.411 scale only by ex-
porters aid the home trade, low as prices are.
White is little required, and can be obtained at 31.1 to
sid, these are low rates compared with those of former
years; the supply is still exceeding the demand. For
Nutmegs the market has a dull aspect, and prices are
looking down. Cinnamon is little wanted, and the
tendency of prices is downwards, as the supply is on the
increase. Mace met little attention. Cassia Lignea is
held with firmness, the supply continuing to be small;
but the purchases made have been trifling.
SPIRITS.—The market is still well supplied with all
kinds of Rum, and a further decline in the value has
taken place, as the demand is unusually limited for the
period of the year. Although there are sellers of Lee-
ward Island at the reduced rates 01 2s 6id to 2s id proof
strength; still the purchases ,made have been to a small
extent only. East India is heavy of disposal, and
it is difficult to quote prices with accuracy: the
nearest for proof with certificate are 2s 5d to 2s 6d.
The purchases made in Demerara have been tri-
fling, although holders are willing to accept 3s
2d to 3s 8d for strong sorts. All sorts of Jamaica have
been operated in with caution by shippers and the home
trade, whilst a further fall in the value took place, and
holders are anxious sellers—middling quality 30 to 35
per cent over proof at 3s 10d to 4s, good 4s 2d to 4s 4d,
and fine to very fine 4s 6d to ss. There has been also
a trifling demand for brandy from exporters and the
home trade, whilst holders remain anxious sellers upon
previous reduced terms
INDIGO.—To-day 810 chts have passed the sale. Al.
though proprietors have given more support to the
marks that passed the hammer this day, prices remain
about the same as those quoted in yesterday's report,
viz:—Bengal, good and fine 3d to 6d discount, ord and
midd par to 3d ditto, low ditto ditto. Of the quantity
(10,68 chts) which has passed the sale to this day 1816
chests have been withdrawn, 2,317 bought in, leaving
6,535 chests sold. The quantity bought in this day is
290 chests.

YEOMANRY CORPS.

SALTPETRE.—By private treaty Rough has been
largely dealt in since our last report, and the advanced
rates previously established are well supported.
CocumEAL.—Privately there has been a good business
transacted, and the rates paid are fully equal to those
that existed previously; indeed in some cases they are
rather higher. The public sale consisted of 118 bags.
TALLow.—Prices continue to give way for Russian on
the spot, and the town and country trade have operated
with much caution. For fine Petersburg Ye
Candle 47s 6d to 48s are the prices taken, and at
which there is a desire to realise. For forward
delivery little has been done, and at 463 6d to 40705,
there are sellers .for the last three monthst 04f83
on
year. Home- made moves off slowly at 47sr6tscl
moot
with
the spot, and the supply is large. Other
d fine 46s 6d to 4 s
South Wales good an
little attention, and are offered upon lowersorts met
d
to middling
per stone. 11O:
438 to 465. The value of rough Fat is 2s 9

The third ascent of Mr.
VAUXHALL-GABDENIS.
Thursday evening. Notwith-
Gypsoia's balloon took p
aeronaut and his equal])
intrepidity of the which the first ascent was at-
continued undiminished, and the)
valiant associatsensd
took their places with a magnanitnit)
tsetnctiddeid. the accident by
entered the car
n,gthe intrep
ve dignified a better cause. The names
of the
w
g
would
balem en amateurs were Coxwell and Evans.
The ascent-3 was certainly a fine one, and the discharge of
fireworks from the machinery beneath the car, brilliant
and effective. The balloon, or rather the light which
was beneath it, continued in sight a considerable time,
and had the appearance of a star. The balloon rose to a
very considerable height, taking the direction towards the
north-east, apparently the track which was taken by Mr.
Green's balloon On the evening of the fatal accident to
Mr. Cocking. Immediately after the ascent the fireworks
in the firework ground were commenced, and at then'
conclusion dancing and the usual amusements succeeded.
The gardens were crowded with company, amongst
whom were many persons of rank and fashion. The
arrangements this season have produced a great variet)
of entertainment, and a constant succession of talent of
different sorts. The great attraction in the early part
of the evening is the performance of the family of the
Lejars, whose horsemanship is peculiar and surprising.
There are also a number of minor exhibitions, the
Tyrolean singers, &c., all good in their taste for
kind. Th
fineness of the evening co operatedwith
the
grounds.
BRISTOL and the pleasureable to fill the
T JULY 21.—There is a
BRISTOL SUGAR
and several lots have been advance on otnillpgresuvigoaru:
better feeling amongsNelstllro
Bums are at present neglected,
rates of 6d. per cwt. Ru asiddeiattoa-nd
dealers not considering present Fines satistlwtory,
Bristol gazette'

A return has just been presented to the House of
Commons of the total expenses of the yeomanry
cavalry in Great Britain, from 1842 to 1846. W e
select the following details connected with the dif-
ferent corps in Scotland :—ln 1842, the Ayrshire
regiment, consisting of 6 troops, 27 officers, and
474 men, cost 4,481/. 42. 4d. ; the Upper Ward of
Lanarkshire regiment, consisting of 4 troops, 11
officers, and 223 men, cost 3,150/. I4s. In 1843,
the Ayrshire regiment, consisting of 6 troops, 2$
officers, and 473 men, cost
2,823 E 19s. 7d. ; the Upper
Ward of Lanarkshire regiment, consisting of 4 troops,
13 officers, and 248 men, cost 1,4401..155. 4d. ; the Royal
Mid-Lothian regiment, consisting of 8 troops, 26 officers,
and 379 men, cost 1,968/. is. 9d. In 1844, the Ayrshire
regiment, consisting of 6 troops, 28 officers, and 475
men, cost 2,823/. 9s. 7d. ; the Upper Ward of Lanark-
shire regiment, consisting of 4 troops, 13 officers, and
251 men, cost 1,355/. 12s. 10d. ; the Royal Mid-Lothian
regiment, consisting of S troops, 26 officers, and 364
men, cost 1,9731 18s. In 1845, the Ayrshire regiment,
consisting of 6 troops, 28 officers, and 475 men, cost
2,8541. 16s. ; the Upper Ward of Lanarkshire regiment,
consisting of 4 troops, 13 officers, and 253 men, cost
con;
1,379/. 12s. 6d. ; the Royal Mid-Lothian regiment,
sistine of 8 troops, 24 officers, and 364
consisting
creogstiml7Bll- 2s.
1,9461. 14s. In 1846, the Ayrshire regiment, n 24838/. 13s. ;
of 6 troops, 26 officers, and 475 men,m
4 troops, 13 officers, and 253. men,
consisting of 8 troops,
the Upper `'yard of Lanreargkismheirnet,recgoist
the Royal Mid-Lothian regiment, consisting
2n is.n 6111
Ogd .° f;
23 officers, and 357 men,
ai cost
ingof 2 troops, 6 officers, and'At
1,9551. lls. ; the Esq.,
cm-
stlife total charge of the wholo
in 1842, amounted to
of officers to 845, and the
1 the number
101 704- ;
' to 13,358. In the year 1843 the total
number of men
to 95 470/. ; the number of
charge amounted ,
officers to
r9lFgtinihmeiaennn'ts of Great Britain,
893, and the number of men to 14,311. In 1844 the
charge amounted to 87,622/. ; the number of officers to
273, and the number of men to 14,189. In 1845 the
charge amounted to 82,1821.; the number of officers to
884, and the number of men to 14,353. And in 1846
the total charge amounted to 87,948/ ; the number of
officers to 884, and the number of men to 13,818.

THE WEATHER.—In the early part of the week
considerable quantity of rain fell, and laid the grain to
some extent. Very warm weather has now succeeded ;
and will, doubtless, repair the little injury done by the
rain. From all quarters the most favourable reports are
received. Mr. M:tcqueen, Finga.sk, has sent us a field
potato, near!) as large as an orange and perfectly sound.
STEAMBOAT RACE FOR 501.—0 n Saturday even:
ing a race between the Scottish Maid and Harvesterra
steamboats, for 251. a side, came off at sea, fromo
Theder -
land Bar and back, a distance of abohut
buoy at the mouth of the Tyne to the buoy
cylinders to the
boats wete alike in size, with 25
ic
After a gallant
engines, equal to about power.22-horse
bmaa
winner by about
run, the Sew fish Maid came.
gone over in one hour
halt a mile. Tne distance
ww"as-a good deal of spirit in
mffiletsS.un
and twelve mi►.utes.
the
Durham Chronicle.
betting, and conslidheerraeble sums changed hands.—

E
EscerFßOMP° tar trial
named m
theed
assizes fur
b n
son, who had t
a forgery upon the railway company at Yarmouth, made
hescape from the Castle on Saturday. The bricklayers
is
having left for breakfast, Williamson put on an apron
FROM
. committed — A person
and so much of their dress as they left behind, and
having suitably besmeared his face and hands and other
parts with whitening, placed a hod upon his shoulders,
and quietly passed through the doors. He was soon
missed, and on the following day was discovered in a
den in St. Stephen's.--=Bury Post.
CHINESE GnerirrE.—The vessel John o' Gaunt,
arrived from Shanghae and Hong-Kong respectively, has
brought, in addition to a general' cargo of tea and other
Chinese productions, seventy-eight slabs of granite. We
know of no former instance of an arrival of this valuable
description of atone from the Chinese empire, and this
notice of the matter will prove of interest and impor-
tance. The importation alluded tu took place at the Port
Of Liverpool last week.