The Sun.
London, England, 1847-07-17 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PA IlLirA Ail-iN4f•

(THIS DAY.)

HOUSE OF COMMONS. ,
The SPEAKER took the Chair shortly after TWO'
LORDS' AMENDMENTS.
The Lords' amendments to the following Bills were
cor,sidered and agreed to :
Bingley Improvement.
Direct Londo,u and Portsmouth, Brighton and Chiches•
ter, London, Brighton, and South Coast, and Loud°

and South-Western Railways.
Duffryn, Llynvi, and Forth Cawl, and Lynvi Valll
Railways Amalgamation.
East Lancashire Railway (Southport Branch and Pres"l

Extension).
Exeter and Exmouth Railway.
Liverpool Corporation Waterworks.
London Bridge Railway Termini General Enlargement'a
Lynn and Ely, Ely and Huntingdon, and Lynn
Dereham Railways Amalgamation
Portsmouth Paving, Lighting, and Improvement.
St. Ives (Huntingdon) Improvement.
South Devon Railway (Extension and Amendment).
On the motion of Mr. GREENE, the following Ow"
were read a third time and passed:—
New hart (or Gravenors) Estate Bill; Paterson's Estate
Bill; Pickernell's Estate Bill; Duke of Richmond's Estate.
Bill; Hylton's Estate Bill; Penson's Estate Bill; Mau!:
sell's Estate Bill; Earl of Devon's Estate Bill; MD-
das's Estate Bill ; Gillespie's Estate Bill; Oldmixeri
Estate Bill ; Northam-bridge Company's Estate Bill
and Lord Ward's Estate Bill.
On the motion of Mr. GREENE, the Strathberg
Railway Bill, and the Caledonian Ruilvva% (Purchase 2r
Lease of Wishaw and Coltness Railway) Bill were Wits'
drawn.
Mr. HUME presented a petition from Finsbury With
respect to the case of the Raja of Sattara.
CONSOLIDATED FUND (APPROPRIATION)

BILL.
This Bill was read a third time and passed, after
short discussion.

ASSISTANT SURGEONS IN THE NAVY;
Mr. WAKLEY gave notice of his intention on Au*,
day nex to ask the Secretary of the Admiralty whethe;
in the next session it was his intention to introduce„,
Bill to improve the condition of the Assistant Surge°'"
in the Naval Service.

(LEFT SITTINGI)

RAILWAYS IN THE UNITED
STATES.
The surplus products of American harvests, and their
transportation to meet the exigencies of the mother
country, render freights on the American lines did'
cult to be obtained, notwithstanding that the Ne%
Jersey and other lines run many extra trains bo
night and day. The quantity of flour which has bee
received at Boston by the Western Railway, between
„
September 1 and April 10, was 182,542 barrel''
143,647 barrels for the corresponding period last Ye,tir,;
The quantity of corn received from all points durise
the same period, was 1,353,560 bushels. There,
pressions that at present prevail in America, l
tive to the ultimate remunerativeness of their Intl.
tiplying lines may be taken as a tolerable criterion
of the eventual advantage that will accrue oro
of
prudent enterprise in connexion with almost all ost
British Railways. It is predicated in the be 0
informed quarters, that every line in Americaf_gfn
matter how unfavourable at present may ePP
their location, must eventually pay good dividendit,
Nearly every rail in the country earned more We;
in 1846 than in 1845, and so far this year they
done a very large business compared with the eoio
responding period in former years. The activity of
the grain markets has given all any quantitf
f
freight, and they have been reaping a very rIA,
harvest. Every road in the country, in good 13,an,."„,,'
must improve in value and productiveness. .1.1„'
are so intimately connected with the trade and e" '"o;
merce of the country, that they must improve,
resources become developed, and connexions s I
made between different sections of the country. -"if •
business of the New England lines is almost entire f,
of a local character, and they pay better divide'i;
than any others in the country. The New York of
have expended nearly three hundred millions„
dollars in works of internal improvement; some 08
unproductive, some in an unfinished state, and st).,, •
at present perfectly useless. At the time the
mense debts of some of the States were contraerho
the public mind was almost entirely absorbed bf :an,
construction of canals. The canals built at ths,t,
at such an extravagant rate of expenditure, "04;1 7ii
,14
few years be almost entirely superseded by_reilirril`,
constructed in their immediate vicinity. New
ways are in completion in every part of the coulwool
and a few years will suffice to complete 100111301
the lines now in an unfinished state. The cap n 0
stocks of most have been filled up by subscriptsre
from the middle classes, New 'York capitalists ,u#
very shy, and touch all works of improvement e.if
tiously ; and rich men are unwilling to part with t,
money, unless immediate returns in the shape of
vidends are guaranteed. In consequence of this Pia
ciple prevailing so generally, the system of PaY
interest upon all instalments paid in upon subsc
tions to railways has been adopted. The jeurtilbsil
condemn this system, as it is not more or less ot,
paying back to subscribers, in the shape of inteure,3o
part of the principal, the deficiency produced by tiwof
payments having to be made up by an increase •
capital stock. On the Boston line there has been of
general increase of trade. In fact, the increase
ut
business on the railroads already in operation has
all previous calculations far in the back-ground. Pn.
timates, originally deemed to be highly exaggeraler,
have proved to be far below the actual results. 17.
annexed table exhibits the gross receipts of the
lowing railroads leading from Boston, in four year'
ending December 1, 1846 :-
1843. 1846.
dollars. dollars-
Boston and Worcester 383,367 564,712
Western 584,882 954,417
Boston and Lowell 277,315 344,102
Fitchburg not open 286.835,
Boston and Maine 178,744 349,130
Eastern 272,036 371,33!37° Boston and Providence 233,388 360,

Sept,tal 1,918,734 3,260,7-2 „
Aggregate increase on all the roads is 57 Per,',,,lJe
Fares were generally reduced in 1845. From
tions recentlymade, it has been ascertained that the P"` of
lation in the towns immediately adjoining 011/,.:
the railroads of Massachussetts was as folios-91 ;tett
of the Old Colony railway, not including Dorche,:t of
25,976, giving an average of 702 per mile; tbr9ll,
the Providence road, not including Roxbury, 3','61 of
or 978 per mile ; of the Worcester road, 27•1'''541
603 per mile ; of the Fitchburg road, 27,353, ca. pet
per mile; of the Lowel road, 28,664, or 1,102 ot
mile ; of the Boston and Maine road, terminatiell of
the line of the state of New Hampshire, 19,8',:tipg
557 per mile ; and on the Eastern road, terrni% per
also at the border of the state, 51,967, or 1,3.1." "
mile.—Railway Gazette.

THE CAOUTCHOUC TRADti4
In consequence of the great and constantly increi/e0
demand for caoutchouc (a corruption of the Darn° gtbi9
it by the aborigines of Brazil, " cahuchu")
country and other parts of Europe, and the Unite" to
of North America, from the almost daily new the
which it is found applicable, the attention n' beet
Brazilian Government and Legislature has viar
called to the necessity of promoting till?
pagation of the trees from which it Is ad
tracted, seringa elastica. On this interesting "iv
important subject a memoir has been published by ad
Brazilian Institution for encouraging agricultural "0
manufacturing improvements, from which it aPPed,at
that the extraction of the gum is become so great, of
it is no longer procurable in the vicinity of towns re
villages in the province of Para, in which the trees
only to be found which yield it, and those princiP!,„3
on the island at the mouth of the river Amazons, pe I
on its banks in the interior ; so that at the Presoe
moment a great many heads of families proceed iniivg
proper season into the woods and forests aboull",,ot
there, without habitation or means of subsisting ;pa
from hunting and fi3hing, and thus lead a wandering
Ives
solitary life, until enabled to return to their beot,
with a sufficient quantity of the gum. Such, holoioa
has been the demand, that it has led to the c0n311300l
or
of many frauds, such as filling the pa,„ (100 ro
balls) into which it was generally formed, withoole
and dirt, so that the purchasers were put to the tr they
of opening them, in order to ascertain whetherfer
were imposed on or not, and have been led to Pro it is
in a plain and transparent state, that they may seed did
pure and clean. In 1828 the quantity exporte,s. in
not exceed 4,000 milreis in value, and 20,0004:5, it
weight, whereas in the last financial year, 18455,953
amounted to upwards of 800,0001 b. besides 4!],. is
pairs of shoes, the whole valued at 500,000 tn, 1;1'600
It becomes, therefore, a matter of great consider- bet
for Brazil not only to preserve this branch O
to be
trade in its present flourishing state, but likewise, 0 iv'
able to augment its production in proportion 10 /port
creased consumption ; no other branch of its e,"bour
trade is so profitable, since nothing but manual 's„ can
is required, and one man employed in its colleetitTo of
Po obtain extract sufficient in one day to make tea ch,
shoes, the current price of which being 300 rels,t oc•
gives three milreis per diem, equal at the curre'ocrY
change to 7s. 6d. a day, which in that cheap c° ailed
may be considered equivalent to 10s. 6d. in the
Kingdom.

THE NORTHERN LIGHTS.—The vessel p ligr
t be
which had been dispatched by the Commissioners of
,e 6
Northern Lights to France for a large quantity of leTO
for the use of the lights under their management' the
arrived in the Commercial Docks with her cargo, for ro,
purpose of loading a quantity of oil, previouslY t°,,Pfor
ceeding to her ultimate destination with the glass
e"
the lighthouses mentioned. the
The marble statue of Prince Albert, erected bY his
merchants and underwriters, in commemoration °`
Royal Highness having laid the first stone of the 11Z
Exchange, has been placed on the pedestal in the 'role
bole of Lloyd's, and will be open for the inspection, ei,c4,
public on Monday next, the 19th instant, at two 0 cw 0
The funeral of Parker, the young man vitode-
barbarously murdered Matilda Griffin, and thenigo
.troyed Ins own life, at Bermondsey, took place last night
shortly before midnight, and IYAS atundeti by au
multitude of porno.