The Sun.
London, England, 1847-11-23 00:00:00

MR. VILLIERS.

The following address has been sent to the electors
of South Lancashire from Mr. Villiers :
LONDON, Nov. 20.—Gentlemen,--An anxious de-
sire to arrive at a just decision, under the circum-
stances in which I find myself placed, in the proud
position of your representative, has caused me to
delay for some time a formal announcement of the
course I feel called upon to pursue. To be selected
as a fit and competent person to represent the vast inte-
rests of the southern division of Lancashire, con-
taining, perhaps, the most important constituency of
the United Kingdom, though unconnected with it
by family or property, is one of the highest honours
which an English commoner can receive. It is not,
therefore, without a full appreciation of the great
and unsolicited distinction that has been conferred
upon me, that I am now compelled to state
that I cannot, consistently with my sense of
duty, avail myself of it. I will, with re-
spectful candour, lay before you the reasons of my
conduct, trusting that they will be no less convincing
to you than they have been to myself. Nothing is
more valuable in a constitutional Government than
the establishment of perfect confidence between a re-
presentative and a constituency, when once formed,
it embodies the whole moral force of the representa-
tive system, it becomes at once a principle and an
example. The duties which spring from it are re-
ciprocal, and a moral wrong is perpetrated, and a
moral injury inflicted, if upon considerations that are
puresout h
d
not strictly national, a constituency should discard a
faithful representative, or a representative abandon a
confidingafterthe
constituency.trust long
Wlrieenpeesleedcteind
me
by the borough Lancashire,f
Wolverhampton had been most
honourably renewed I
choice of seats , felt that the decision as to the
ought not to rest with me but with the
constituency, whose confidence
first entrance into public life.
I had enjoyed from my
Wolverhampton was clear; it My duty to the electors of
for me to determine whether thereas for them and not
of public service, or any public was any exigency
gained which would compensate fora tvhantage to be
a connexion which had lasted- nearly thirteenseverance of
and which with time had become more binding, years,
intimate, and I trust more useful. was my
more
ear-
nest wish that in deciding this question the electors
of Wolverhampton should not take into account mys
personal feeling or position ; although the represen-
tation of South Lancashire must be an object of the
highest ambition to any public man, individual sa-
tisfaction should not be weighed against public prin-
ciple or honourable engagement. The electors of
Wolverhampton have decided that the princi-
ciple of reciprocal obligation between a representative'
and his constituents should prevail over other consi-
derations submitted to their judgment; they have
deliberately examined the circumstances, and weighed
the subject in all its its bearings. To their decision
lam bound to defer. Ido so the less reluctantly, as
my previous knowledge of South Lancashire has con-
vinced me that there are among yourselves many well
qualified to watch over and defend your interests in
Parliament. Gratitude for the honour you have in-
tended to confer on me, cannot be effaced from my
memory; the great question of free trade which has
hitherto united us will long continue to hold us
together; much has been accomplished, but much
yet remains to he done, and one of the reasons that
has influenced me in adopting the line that
I have done in this important question is,
the not unreasonable fear that the desertion
of a constituency which has been devoted to
free trade from the time it was enfranchised
by a representative elected for free-trade opinions,

TUESDAY

when such opinions were neither general nor popular,
ren'7l,'r Gthr.r onstitlzeneies l'es ardent in
cinsP, and c.,tj,s;r r:,prosentativa to idler for its ak-t-
-. vancement. To those friends and pubile men who
have generously desired that I should be chosen to
represent this county, to manifest, on the part of a
vast commercial community, its acknowledgment of
my efforts for many years successively in the cause
of free trade, I beg to tend my warmest and most
earnest thanks. There is no honour I value so highly
as the confidence of my fellow-citizens ; for this
signal proof of it on the part of the electors of South
Lancashire I shall never cease to entertain feelings of
the most lively gratitude. I have the honour:to be,
gentlemen, your true and faithful servant,
C. P. 'VILLIERS.

FLANDERS and HAMBURGH MAIL.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.—BRUSSELS, NOV.
19.—Our corn market yesterday was extremely well
supplied. The tendency to decline did not continue,
and the prices were firm. This is attributable to the
bakers themselves. A member of the Commercial
Council justly observed, that it is for the interest of
the bakers to purchase small quantities of corn at a
high price here, while at the same time they get a
supply at a moderate rate elsewhere, and the price of
bread is always fixed according to the price of corn
in this market : thus they make large profits.
The commercial transactions of the week have
varied but little from those of the preceding. About
3,000 bales of Brazilian coffee were sold in lots,
without variation of price. About 369 cases of raw
sugar were sold, and 84 barrels of white.
THE POSTAL CONGRESS.
DRESDEN.—The following are some of the particu-
lars that have transpired relative to the discussion of
the Postal Congress, formed of the representatives of
Austria, Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, Hanse Towns,
Taxis, and some other principalities of Germany.
Austria was foremost in requiring the adoption of
uniform principles in the postal arrangements. The
extension which the branch daily receives, in con-
sequence of the establishment of railways, requires
that the postage of letters should be placed upon as
uniform a footing as possible for however the number
of persons engaged in the post-office may be aug-
mented, there is not 'enough time decidedly to
ascertain the amount of postage and indicate it on the
letter. Thus, for example, in 1846, after the com-
pletion of some railways, there passed through the
Post- office of Vienna 283,249 letters more than in
1846. In Austria the rate of inland postage on
single letters is divided into three classes
viz from five to ten leagues, three kreutzers ;
from ten to twenty leagues, six kreutzers, and for any
distance whatever beyond twenty leagues twelve
kreutzers. Austria desires that it shall be the aim of the
Postal Congress to establish a fixed rate for the ex-
ternal service of those states which shall have ac-
ceeded to the Postal Congress by suppressing forced
prepayment, as well as transit postage ; the estab-
lishment of an inland rate of postage, to be left to the
option of each individual state, taking it for granted
that in some places the post is a part of the public
revenue. Austria will accede together with all the
other countries of the monarchy, and proposes to
establish for the postage of letters in the states of the
Postal Union two rates only, viz., six kreutzers for
every distance as far as twenty leagues, and twelve
kreutzers for every distance exceeding twenty leagues.
The single letter shall weigh twenty-five grammes.
With regard to the division, the tax thus raised shall
accrue one half to the state of the Postal Union
sending the letter, and the other half to the state re-
ceiving it. Prussia proposes rates for the charge of
postage. It declares itself ready to make pecuniary
sacrifices for the interest of the Postal Union, but it
objects to the division of the rate into two equal parts,
and especially to the omission of those countries
through which the letters pass in transit. Bavaria
wishes for a remission rate of postage, without regard
to distance, and agrees on the other points with the
opinions expressed by Prussia. Saxony declares in
favour of the proposals of Austria. Hanover and
Taxis find the rate proposed by Austria too high.
After lengthened private discussion, it was resolved
at the sixth sitting :—The tax of a single letter, that
is to say, the weight of which does not exceed twenty-
five grammes, shall pay in the states of the Postal
Union two kreutzers for the distance of six leagues ;
five kreutzers for twenty leagues ; and ten kreutzers
for every distance exceeding twenty leagues.—
German Papers.
HAMBURGH BORSENHALLE. N0v.19.
Bills. Money.
kustrian 5 per Cents .. •• .• • • •• 104
Bank Shares ........................ 1600
Anglo-Russian Loan 104 104
Russian 5 per Cent., llamb. Certificate. 101
Ditto lit seriesanscription. • • • • • ...• •• 101 4'
Ditto,llope and Co., 3d and 4th serlea.• 95
Ditto, in Certificate....... ...... 95
New 4 per Cent., Hope and Co. ...... 86%
Ditto Stieglitz .. • . ........ ........, 861
Spanish New 5 per Cent.• •••••• • • • • •• 12% 12%
Ditte 3 per Cent •• • ..... 22% 22%
Anglo-Portuguese Loan, 2% per Cent.•
Dutch Actual Debt, 2% per Cent. ••• • •
Ditto 3 per Cent. •• • • ••
Polish New 4 per Cent. Loan, 1844•••• 79
Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cent .. •• • 82 81%
National Bank Shares...—. ..

EVENING, NOVEMBER 23, 1847.

THE BRAZILS.

FALMOUTH, Nov. 21.

Her Majesty's packet Swift, Lieutenant Lory,
arrived this afternoon from the Brazils, having left
Rio Janeiro on the sth of October. She brings as
passengers—Mr. and Miss Dickinson, Mr. Candy,
Mr. Dubbers, Chevalier St. George (ex-Charge
d'Affaires for France), and lady, four children, and
three servants, one engineer, and about 5,0001. on
freight.

This
vessel brings nothing new from the River
Plate, and very little from Rio. There was a liberal
spirit manifested by Saturnino, the present Minister
for Foreign Affairs, and before the closing of the
Chambers he was empowered to make such arrange-
ments respecting the administration of the effects and
estates of deceased British subjects and foreigners
generally with the Ministers of different nations
as it was believed would give general satisfaction.
The principal difficulty appears to be, that by our
constitution we claim all as English born in Eng-
land of foreign parents, as well as those born abroad
of English parents. This difficult point has been got
over by the French adopting the same rule agreed to
between Spain and France; and some other Ministers
at Rio have consented to adopt the same course, but
we cannot learn that Lord Howden has yet got over
this point, and up to Mr. Hamilton's leaving he would
not concede anything on the subject.
After the arrival of the Swift at Rio the coffee
market began to give way, and prices declined 100 to
130 reis, and:at the reduced quotations some import-
ant transactions occurred. The total sales of the
month (September) may be estimated at about
140,000 bags, and the shipments about 148,000 bags.
The price of first good was 2,750 reis to 2,850 reis;
and first ordinary 2,600 reis to 2,650 reis. Freights
to Antwerp, 705.; Channel, 80s.; Constantinople,
755.; London, Liverpool, and Marseilles, 705.; and
Trieste, 755. Discounts continued unaltered. Ex-
change, 271 ; and a fair amount has been done for
this packet, 30,0001. of which have been taken up by
the Treasury.
Her Majesty's ship Crescent, Eagle, Kestrel, and
Seringapatam were lying at Rio Janeiro ; as were
the French ships-of-war Malouine and L'Arthemise,
and the American ship-of-war Ohio.

THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.
PORTSMOUTH, Nov. 22.—8 y the Mary Anne In-
diaman, Captain Parke, which left the Cape on the
18th of September, we have advices to that date.
No movement of any important character had taken
place since our last advices, but Sir Henry Pottinger
was organizing his forces for a grand coup in a few
days after the departure of the Mary Anne.
Captain Cardew, of the infantry, and Mr. Pringle,
died on the passage on beard the Mary Anne.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.
PORTSMOUTH, Nov. 22. —.Rear-Admiral Phipps
Hornby, C. 8., the newly appointed Commander-in-
Chief in the Pacific, arrived at this port with his
family and suite this afternoon by the South Western
Railway. The gallant Admiral proceeded to South-
sea, and will hoist his flag (blue at the wizen) on
board the Asia, 84, Captain Stopford, at Spithead
to-morrow. The Asia will be paid advance to-
morrow, and sail most probably on Thursday for the
Pacific, calling at Plymouth. She takes out super-
numeraries for Rio and Sir Thomas Herbert's squad-
ron. She is now manned, with the exception of a
few vacancies.

We hear great complaints respecting anchors, their
generalinsufficiency and want of strength. Those
lately supplied from our dockyards to the ships com-
prising the squadron under the orders of Sir Charles
Napier in the Tagus fully verify this, as the follow-
ing ships are reported to have carried away their
anehors :—Canopus, 84, Vengeance, 84, Rodney, 92,
Amazon, 20, Terrible, Vixen, and Avenger steam-
frigates. This must be owing in a great measure to
faulty construction or bad workmanship, and requires
immediate correction ; for if these accidents occur,
which they have done, in the fair weather season,
we may expect at least to hear of some serious ca-
sualty as the foul weather season advances. The
Calliope, 26, Captain Stanley, we learn by the last
advices from New Zealand, broke all her anchors,
one after the other, on the above coast, nor is this a
solitary instance of similar occurrences, as the coin-
menders of the troop frigates Apollo and Resistance
can testify. An anchor weighing upwards of five
tons now lies rejected in this dockyard, having failed
to withstand a strain of 68 tons How is it to be
expected, then, that such anchors will hold a line-of-
battle ship in bad weather ?
Admiral Sir John West, the Commander-in-Chief
at Plymouth, is getting into very bad odour with the
inhabitants of his district, in consequence of having
issued an order that in future no letters shall be sent
through his office to ships upon station ; thus the re-
latives and friends of officers and men in her Ma-
jesty's fleets upon foreign stations are deprived of the
means from time immemorial open to them, of safely
transmitting their letters to their connexions so situ-
ated. Taking the coast of Africa station as an ex-
ample, to which part of the world there are no mails
regularly forwarded, and where news from England
is frequently at least nine months old before it gets
there, Sir John West's order is one of the most
vexatious character. The order is clearly not an
Admiralty order, or it would have been general, and
Portsmouth, Sheerness, and other Admiral's offices
included in its injunctions; but the Commanders•in-
Chief of the latter ports are too liberal in every way
to have thought of inflicting such a privation upon
vast numbers of persons to whom the Admiral's office
is their only means for the transmission of letters to
or from their connexions. We trust the Lords of
the Admiralty will suggest to Sir John West the
necessity of discontinuing forthwith his obnoxious
order.

The following is an extract from a letter from
Plymouth :—" You will be both surprised and an-
noyed to hear that no less than 100 of the late fine
crew of the America 50-gun frigate are gone to
America since she was paid off here about a month
since ! And very many about these towns, owing to
their imprudence in squandering their money, there
being no ship fitting out here to receive them, are
selling their clothes and may be expected to follow
the others. It is painful to see it."
Her Majesty and the Court will leave Farn-
borough station for Gosport, to-morrow at eleven
precisely.
The Netley tender arrived this morning with
newly entered men for the Asia and Bellerophon,
from Plymouth; she sailed on her return this after-
noon.

The Hamoaze lighter, with stores, and the Ply-
mouth buoy-boat, arrived from Devonport to-day.
The second division, including the head-quarters
of the 69th Regiment, embarked this morning from
the dockyard in flat-boats on board the Belleisle
troop-ship, Captain J. Kingcome, and that ship pro-
ceeded immediately to Spithead.
The Prince Regent, 90, and the Retribution steam
frigate were removed from the basin, and Firefly
steamer undocked to-day, preparatory to docking the

AMERICA.
LIVERPOOL, MONDAY. r",11:i v",
Terrible steam-frigate, Captain Ramsay, on Wed-
,.'= 'nu, ;', est ; illoderate breezes, and cloudy
By the 13oston packct-ship Ocean Monarch, Cap-
tain Murdoch, we have advices from New York to weather.
the evening of the 4th inst. PLYMOUTH, Nov. 20. Her Majesty's steamer
The Ocean Monarch arrived off the port last the Rhadamanthus sailed on Thursday with meal for
night, but, owing to the severe gale, could not be Ireland.
boarded. I Her Majesty's brigantine the Dolphin, Lieutenant-
The French mail steamer Philadelphia arrived at Commander the Hon. R. F. Boyle, having had her
New York on the 3d inst.
Africa. defects repaired, :sailed yesterday for the coast of
The Royal mail steam ship Caledonia arrived at
Boston on the .sth inst. Last night Staff-sergeant Steward lost his life by
The political news is uninteresting. The %Vhigs falling between the Millbay pier and the steam-ship
had carried the elections in the state of New York. Preussischer Adler, then lying alongside. After
Our Mexican advices are unimportant. We have being taken out of the water he was restored to sen-
no intelligence of General Scott. Our former ad- sibility, but died subsequently from contusions
vices stated that Santa Anna had left Puebla. We received in the fall. He has been constantly employed
now learn that after his departure the cannonading on military duty on board the St. George's Corn-
ceased, and that the cotton warehouse of M. Valesco, pany's steam-ships on the line from Cork and Ply-
which had furnished bales for his breastworks, with mouth to London.
2,000 bales in the Convent of Santa Domingo, was WooLwlcu' Nov. 22.—The Blazer steam-vessel,
fired and burnt at night, causing the inhabitants to Commander Smith, is under orders to leave this port
fear that the Americans had left the entrenchments to-morrow, for the coast of Africa, and will take out
and were storming the city. a number of engineers for the Island of Ascension.
Much enthusiasm prevailed at Puebla against the The Violet steam-vessel, Master-Commander Sher-
United States troops. lock, left Woolwich this morning to resume her duties
There was great uncertainty as to Santa Anna's on the Dover station.
intentions. One account, dated Orizaba, says : The Janus steam-vessel went down the river at
" Santa Anna, who has taken up his line of march eleven o'clock A.M. to-day, on an experimental trial.
from Puebla for this city, with a small remnant of The Monkey steam-vessel, Master-Commander
his old army, was overtaken on the road by a mes- Bryant, accompanied her.
senger ifrom the acting executive authorities of the The Stromboli steam-sloop, Commander Lord
republic at Queretaro, requesting him to proceed Aurelius Beauclerk, is preparing for sea with the least
immediately to that place; and it was not until he possible delay, and is expected to proceed to the
was fully convinced that the call came from a friendly Mediterranean station. The crew is to consist of 160
men, and his Lordship is still in want of a number of source, that he consented to obey the summons. Some
of the letters state, that upon pretty good authority able seamen. The stokers required have been filled
up, and the other subordinate classes, in this fine
the writers learn that Santa Anna refused to return
in any other capacity than an advocate of peace. It vessel.
is evident from these reports, if true, that Santa Captain Fanshawe is to study steam at Woolwich
Anna has given up the idea of throwing himself and dockyard.
forces in the way of General Lane's command, as was
reported in letters from Jalapa, and I am rather in-
clined to think that at the time he was overtaken by
the messenger from Queretaro he was making tracks
for the coast, to embark for a place of safety; but
now, if these reports prove to be true, it will not
take much to induce him to elect himself President
once more."
The report that Santa Anna was endeavouring to
embark is denied by the Mexican journals, and his
determination to fight is asserted.
Herrera, according to the Arco Iris, has collected
ten thousand men at Queretaro, all of the National
Guard.
It is stated that the United States Government had
determined to open diplomatic relations with the Pa-
pal See, and that Colonel J. S. du Solle, of Philadel-
phia was likely to be the gentleman selected as charge
d'affaires to Rome.