The Sun.
London, England, 1840-10-21 00:00:00

gerously injured. The cellars under all the warehouses I
are destroyed.

The total amount of property _
larnitous event will amount, as nearly as can now be
ascertained, to about 50,000/., which will principally fall
on the fire-offices.
This is the most extensive fire which has taken
place in Manchester during the last fourteen years,
both as to the amount of property consumed and pro
mises destroyed. _

destroyed by this ea-

SINGULAR AND AFFECTING IN-
CIDENT AT SEA.

Through the kindness of one of our friends at Scar-
borough we are enabled to communicate to our readers
a singular and affecting incident at sea t—On Sunday
afternoon, the 4th instant, three little boys, of the names
of Davis, 15, Carlisle, 14, and Fostil, 13, the two
former fishermen's sons, were amusing themselves with
an excursion on the sea, at Scarborough, in a small
boat about 13 feet long, having with them only one oar
and a small sail. The little fellows sculled themselves
out to a distance of a few miles from land, when, think-

has succeeded in suppressing an unanimous manifesta-
tion of our sympathy fur the French Alliance and cur
hatred for Russia. But these late revelations have not
been sufficiently published. It requires time to con-
vince a confiding and uneespicions nation of the reality
of a crime without example in modern angels.
" But if this Minister is betraying his country, you,
by directing your resentment against the English
people, are combating phantoms. You will tell me,perhaps, that this qeestion of treason is an English
Ipestion. But reflect, and you will find that it is a
question which concerns France, Europe, and the world
essentially. Cali it be indifferent for you to know
whether a great Power, whose influence has induced
the principal nations of Europe to form an alliance
against you, is herself, without her knowledge, the in-
strument This question ought in
forFranceu
the }'ourhepreseenntemtoy ? absorb all other questions.
Its solution includes our only means of safety. Happily
in France, in examining this essential point, you are
neither impeded by personal dislike nor by party preju•
dices, which in England retard in so injurious a manner
the discovery of truth and have prevented all inquiry.
And
then w
hat good results
" Disabuse the English nation by making this treason
manifest,
saved, and England herself will
w
may not be expected from an alliance between two great
Sates which had been for a moment destroyed by the
o e
hrr safety and Featto c
ye
e is
. u
crime of a Minister, but Was re-established by the ac•
cordance of the two Pc°l,k! What Government in
Englend can hereafter dare to say to the nation, that
it ought to separate from you when this treason
.shall
have been brought to light and denounced by
,you ?
It will then be your turn to impose the reign of justice
on the world.
" It is the treaty of the 15th of July which has
crewed all the danger. Unveil in this treaty the. in-
trigues of a Cabinet ae.ainst its people, the treason of
a single man against his colleagues, and all the ddli-
culties will disappear.
" Be persuaded that England will never suffer, that
war should be declared against you for the purpose of
supporting this treason exposed by you. On the con-
trary, if you neglect this duty towards your nation and
the world, war will ensuteee
" During such a war, which has beta carefully
.pro-
vided for. beforehand, while you and England were re-
posing in indifference and apathy, be cautious in aban-
doning yourself to the',4alse confidence that the glory
of the empire will again be restored to you . .
Military triumphs are produced by plans studied before.
hand, but those advantages are 41 on the side of Russia
" Frenchmen, your Misters ought by this time to be
aware that it is the treaty of July itself, and not its con-
sequences, that they aught to resist. Tne possess the
means of destroying this treaty by exposing the treason
on which it rests. They- hive a powerful voice, let them
declare the truth and England will rouse itself.
" Itevvid then be far the Muscovite to tremble. Tide
Power, whose strength consists in fraud, seduction, and
intrigue, will disappear before the light of truth. Tnen
your country and mine will have discharged a debt'of
equity towards Poland, a debt which unites cur two
people by an indissoluble bond ; then alone the inde-
pendence of Turkey will be secured against its protec-
tor e then Sweden may rest in security, then will cease
the heroic agony of Circassia.
" Frenchmen, I ought to warn you against another
danger to which your country and mine are equally
exposed. This danger is that our intestine discord leads
us from the path of security.
" However just and noble the object may be which
parties pursue, if they do not conclude a truce between
them the day that• the safety of the -country requires
every arm and every heart, they will fail in the first duty
of a citieen and a patriot. When parties do not rally to
oppese the enemy, cavil war is inevitable, the nation is
sacrificed to passions, and not only is the national energy
‘l:aninished by as much as is lost in intestine commotion,
but those internal discords arc an enormous wOght
thrown into the balance in favour of the enemy.
" Twice your dissensions decided the fate of your
great Napoleon. Twice foreigners prevailed through,
these means alone over the genius and courage of your
soldiers. You have cause to dread a new triumph. of
Cossacks and Huns ; and let not the history of France
terminate like that of Poland. For a people like you
there is no medium between greatness and destruction.
" Frenchmen, the same fate awaits England. We •
have a common danger and common enemies.
gated to you to warn you against those dangers, and
convinced that your national position is identified with
ours, permit me to addreSs the same advice to you
which I gave- my countrymen. Let 'there be none,
but Frenchmen,amongst }ou,, and Englishmen amongst.
.us. It is thus alnmi that •• can 0- esenemy•
e,.the ,
otherwise our deeiiirs Of liberty, constitution, and glory,
avail vanish. A foreign yoke, shame and' desolation,
await, us. A nation. 'divided against herself .must fall
under the. attacks of an enemy, who will not fail to
interfere in the diSpute, set one party against the
other, and betray both. It is thus that Russia is ul-
cerating Europe and Asia, and that. she will subdue.
the world. Is it in burning her own arsenals that
England will diminish the dangers which threaten
her ? At the moment when lam writing- this address
a deplorable crime ,has been committed in your Ca-
pital. These maybe the acts of unworthy Englishmen
or unworthy Frenchmen, but could the enemy do
worse ? It is not by these base means that nations
arc saved. No, my friends, it is the foreigner that
must be attacked, and, that united, we will attack.
" CHARLES ATTWOOD."

lag they perceived some other boys corning out in a boat
to fetch them back again, they hoist2d their small sail,
and the wind blowing out from the shore, the boat was
unfortunattly carrkd out to a further distance to sea.
To their inexpressible grief the land at length Entirely
disappeared, and, after mak;rig several fruitless attempts
to regain the shore, darkness put a stop to all further
endeavours, and a strong gale of wind forced them to a
still greater distance into the eccan. When the morn
ing returned not a speck of land could be discerned,
and no sail hove in sight ; the situation of the three
boys now became dreadfully distressing, not one of theta
knowing how to make land, and not a single mouthful of
provisions, or draught of water, b_log on board the it
frail bark ; to add to their distress the oldest boy.
Davis, fell sick, and continued in that state the whole
of the day. The sun again act, kavieg them no pros-
pect of a rescue front a watery grave. The feelings of
• their poor parents and friends on shore all this time
were heart-rendiny, while all endeavours to discover
them proved futile. Tuesday morning dawned, and
after straining their eyes the whole of the day in search
of a sail or land, and wearying b t ....emselves with fruit-
less toil, night rgain came on, and the three poor
little fellows, overcome with fatigue, hungry, and be-
numbed with cold, laid themselves down at the bottom of
the boat, and left themselves to the mercy of the wind
and waves. On awaking in the morning. they were
honor-struck to find their companion, Davis, dead.
The little distressed mariners eescribed this as the worst
of all. Fortunately, the sea all this time was tolerably
calm, but the this d day passed over with still less hopis
of deliverance. Wednesday night approach. d, but no
friendly hand was stretched out to save the two youth-
ful mariners, who, with the lifeless corpse of their
companion, continued to float upon the bosom of the

waters during the fourth Light. In the afternoon of
Thur*day they descried a sail in the distance, and wi:h
eyes filed with tears they beheld a ship bearing
towards them. Size proved to be a Dutch vessel,
bound for Amsterdam. The captain immediately took
the two boys on board his own vessel ; they were in a
dread:ll state of suffering, having never tasted fool

from Sunday afternoon. While the poor little fellows
were being received in the Dutch vessel they perceived
some of the sailors about to throw the body of their
companion overboard. With affecting accents they be-
sought their deliverers to let them have the dead body
of Davis to take back with them to Scarborough to his
friends, but their entreaties were followed by a heavy
splash in the water, and the body of the poor unfortu•
nate fisherm in's boy was lost from their sight. Tne
cdptai❑ of tl.e vessel and the whole crew behaved with

the greatest kindness to the boys, and upon their vessrl
reaching her destination at Amsterdam they forwarded
their charge to London, from whence the two adventur-
ous youths set out for Hull, and, to the inexpressible
joy of their distressed and agonised parents, they ar-
rived in Sem-borough on Wednesday evening last.—lla•
hfax Express.

HERTS REGISTRATION.

SALISBURY-TUESDAY.

Mr. SUGDEN cam.: from London this morning to give
his judgment on some reserved cases.
Edward Faveil, Joseph•Truslovo, and Thomas Stam-
ford Woodley, who had claimed in Sawbridgeworth in
respect of one undivided third part of three fee, hold
cottages, and were objected to by,the Reformers, on
the ground of the title of the claimants being under
%I mortgage, for a term of years, and insufficient in value,
were all struck cif,
Tfit NEW aittit stt~REEtoi:ul fig.
Mr. ShopEti—Thig is a ease in which a shareholder
ui the New River CoOpatty httB been objected to. In
etinseistilence of that objection the Case Was heard on St.
turday, and as many objections were depending upon it
(nearly thirty), and as it was a question upon which
contlictingdeiligioh,t Ileen seven (Mr. Greeory stated
that it was the ninth time he had argued this elk ; foitt of
the decisions hod beer, in his favour, tour adverse to him)
upon it, I did not think I could do full justice to the
rnetlrS ill' the fifle i i,tliNi t a :iiirerdl, and attentivevestigation tare k e autoot,eg, tk•hiqi {fit ;ttagrk;nn
b2en called, and of the argument: founded thereon. I
thought it right therefore, to adjoern the case over to
this day, that I might hate tittizt feir i-eitiLlitlerdtion; cod
it is •
perliaii.q tqfa4,tp gate ihat f have
carefully and attentively cons:uereti {Vie liutllb t4ernin
of the case. I will therefore briefly state the facts, and
in pursuing this course, it will, I hope, appear upon e:hat
grotto& thy or);iiioii is fprriried, Before cote:sing forther
upon the case, it may be advisable for the here to state;
that I cannot for a single moment entertain a doubt ad
to the prorrty, it having been over and fiver 4e.in dettit
with; andecbnietl uy the gteatest authorities, as bein..
*Weill the description of" free lands or tenements" I will
simply refer to the case Buckridge v. ingrani, 2 Via. 033,
4 ease relating to the !trot; baxlgaticiti; where P]r
itichaid tiepker Ardeii, toe tiled iviasiei Of' the Half ,
statee, that Vvlinever a perpetual inheritance is
then,
granted.,'Od'elt drisea Otit df hind; dr is in any degree
cOtineetea as It is efilphafieally dirit'esgeti by
undertaking, Lord Cake, exereiseahlc within it, it is that sott of pro=
perty the law determines real. A. 1.0, the cars, Vey-
battci, ~Dayth'6,lotijeiv; kieei.e W'' 12
121, and
Berri tarrord Buckley, 2V, sey, Tue›e eases,
between the
partaking of the realty, we must consider that
Ardea;,
they cams within that description in the outset of the
or at all events between -the tine of the
no direct proof of this, yet the
I;3' Pic litigh Myrideltsii
presumption is, that
4n" ranting of the Charter. Although there is
ugh
wMyidtidveelrt 0
nand
ttie Chartter, (ittio• d4O. Air tehahl
is ~nment to SgirthHe
Pan), in Buekridge leelatir, states; 'lr tii ;t
there Must have bccii goihe shienhent
presumption bet:tati Ohl b'y the .Woreliog et
,the 'charter
as to the Soil berm', held of the Kin"' I will, til;y
:t1 f. 6 t, • 'year 16i0. in
, t§i "
I-- year an agreer'nutt was entered into; and in pur-
suance of that agreerbent; in 160 ,rl4c;nqh,,j,
made of th'! Mt(lertal4l.4; ad toe powqs and
Lththeritiei in precious-,gets Cf ParliV-ne4t cOn't4m".
Sit Hugh Myddeich,
attet
a iflait, fotind hithielf
uriilbl4 tali, 1:111e aCtVenthrc by himself ; he con-
sequently entered into an
ma-cement With certain indi-
viduals, who by, that • hoot, Witla regard to
o.re,inent . , •
Niad
cire in itio a)J - .7 -
(112t6n hi's' If. iC, therefore Sir lltl.Ji was
seised of free hinds or terioxiietits,wcf tlfe ITitz
vi tliat lithe t.qhbartiiriti. i 6 It
ais
that he received front. these adVeotnros
r.
not, hbwever, suffiuir,nt. The Ring; ,It
anneal', c ime t theii, =ist int et :Yid if,
trleieb4 in loij(at cvnich tune
water twat icpld ed td tie Ciiy) one moiety, Of the ro..
AtS f7ti'S set.tied 'On the k;,-;,4, hi; hein,3l plod sttes.,siersf
ddietOn., gird Ilfc
i,ncathcr
otht4 alitenthurs; their, heiis anqiiisiti°' 11 P.t.').C'
t°rhea iIrb:.GJI
' vv;l,-; at tios tune tr.,.
‘., if,1014).
t ne.B.rdy Cqrparate it is Il,":e=$0
PX
r° kell,ire Or ,:Vll9ii ttS l';‘`-'
IV a; Ica asecitain ho-bir the adventurer •.vlt's te
bc qualified before he Cotild be admittedintd,tbfe‘;l3,olk
of `l9 ; bUt it is most rUilei•iolly' tel t,.e Pre-
seM !n'tlAilie to ascertain the reasons of forming that
body. If Sir Hugh Myddleton had been able to bare
emtpleted the adventure by hititgelf there-Wotild Laic°
been no occasion for a 8)tly Corporate, for he c:,suici
hive acted for himself, independent of the control of
any oilier individual ; but where many indiddital'-: are
'eug•V -I. in on-kert-tkine. :h!or,z:c.
catte.iVe their
taking arc equ:il, or -at icast,-loolthir at Elicit
means, relatively equal, and that they have, there-
fore,
a full right to interfere in the management of

TH t4_l SUN, LONDON, WEDNESiA Y, OCTOBER 21. 7840.

the affkirs, it will at once be seen how important it wAs
that there should be a proper control exercised. If this

control had been wanted, it would require no great
stretch of the imagination to conceive that inevitable
ruin would have fallen upon the adventurers, in conse-
quence of there being no uniform system, and no re-
cognised body with whom individuals could treat, and
that the hopes of the adventurers would have been soon
blighted. It was, I think, partly to prevent such a
state of things that the Corporation was created, and I
am, moreover, of opinion that the Corporation, with re-
gard to the property of which the adventurers were in-
dividually seised, partook more of the character of a
committee of management than of a corporation, for,
by the charter which crested the Corporation, the mem-
bers of it were only to receive the rents and profits of pro-
pertyalreadynequired ; but the possession and inheritance
were left undisturbed in the individual adventurers, ac-
cording to their respective shares and interest,.
In this opinion I am eupportcd by the judgment
f of Lord Hardwicke, reported in Atkyns's Cases, vol.
p. 403. The name of the case is " The Cherit rble
Corporation v. Sir Robert Sutton," where Lord Hard-
wicke is reported to have stated, " that committee-
men are most properly agents of those who employ them
in this trust, and who empower them to direct and
superintend the affairs of the corporation." There is
one more point to which I wish to call attention, before
I finally decide on this -claim. It is no; perhaps alto-
gether necessary, inasmuch as the facts already stated
are sufficient of themselves to overrule the objections
•which have been taken. The point, however, is with
regard to the necessity under the charter of the adven-
turer being individually seised of 1.36 th share More he
can be admitted a director, that is, into the body of 29
this being so, it is a clear answer to one of the objections
taken when this case was a- geed, viz. that the claimant
was disqualified, inasmuch as the disqualification st ited in
the list was acquiesced in by him in his corporate charac-
ter ; that, howe‘er, is not the case ; for, as we have seen
by the ch trier under which the appointment is made,
h 9 is required to be in possession of the property, pre
viously to his being admitted into the body of 29
With regard to this particular case of Mr. Astell's,
the objection would be invalid on account of the c'aim
beige for a Kin-;'s, and not an Adventurer's share, and
of which latter share he is only a trustee. 1 hare now,
I -think, disposed of the three objections taken by the
agent for the objectors ; first, that the quAlification in
respect of which the claimant required to be upon the
ugister was only an easement. Secondly, that the pro-
perty was vested in the Corporation ; and lastly, that
the property in respect of which the claim was made
w:s vested in the claimant in his corporate character. I
wi;l now conclude these observations by again referring to
Lord Hard wicke, who stated "that the individual corpora-
tors have the property—the Corporation the manage-
mant, and that as to the King's share the Corpora-
tion has the 1411 estate, and the individual pro-
prietors the equitable estate. Has ing, therefore, after
a careful investigation, arrived at this conclusion, I can
decide in no other way than that the individuals claim-
ing as shareholders ot the New River Company have
made out a sold lent qualification, and that they are
entitled to have their names retained upon the register
for the time being, with full right to exercise the elective
franchise. I have now only to turn my attention to the
amending the deseription in the list, and I think a
proper description will be given of the nature of the
qualdication by erasing the present desc:iption, and in-
serting " share of freehold tenement" in the third Co.
lumn, and " the New River Company" in the last
coitr-rin.
The final result of the numbers gained by the
Re-
formers is not yet male up, in cons' quence of two re-
turns not being sent in by the agents. We hope to give
them on Friday.

CHURCHES .AIND HAND-LOOMS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sett —I have just come from Devonshire, and have
taken up my residence in Bethnal-green. In the nil-aer
place, labourers are working twelve hours per diy for
7s. a week, and in the latter a hand-loom weaver*
says, " If this, system continues we shall be in a worse
condition than the Hebrews of old, wLo had to make
hreks witholt straw, for we shall have to manufacture
ilk without bread."

Such is the state of things at present ; there is,
however, one mitigating circumstance in connection
with the suff_•rings of the millions of the sons of in-
dustry, viz., the brevity of their lives; for, true it is,
although most distressing to rcfl2ct upon, the mechanics
and artizans of this country only live out half their
days ! Nature kindly interposes to relieve men from
thcirsuff,..rings when they become unbearable.

The poverty, distress, and crime of the neighbourhood
in which I am writing, has f)r some time past been
a crying evil. The local authorities have seen and de-
plored the evil. " Something must be done," say they ;
and higher authorities have been consulted, who pro-
posed, and have determined, that ten new churches
shall be built in the parish, which churches are offered
to the hand-loom weavers and the inhabitants in general
as the grand panacea for the evils under which they
;labour. It is true that nn new rate is to be levied on the
parishioners for the erection of the churches in question,
as they are to be raised by voluntary contributions, the
church wilding fund giving towards the erection of each
1,0001.

I have attended all the plices of worship in the
parish, both Episcopalian and Dissenting, and have ob-
s-rved, with only one or two exceptions, that they are
but thinly attended ; with this fact before my eyes I
am not the least surprised to hear, when I converse
with the weavers on the ...,übj ct of the tcn new churches,
that their reply is " We asked them for bread and they
have given us a stone."
A tradesman would not think of enlarging his shop
unless his business was on the increase, or he WAS
cramped up for want of room. The mangers of a dis-
senting phce of worship would not think of building
a new chapel, or of enlarging their old one, unless it
were too small for the congregation therein assembling.
Then, why are ten new churches to be built in Bethnal-
green, when the old ones are but badly attended? It
may be said that the population is on the increase—
what of thAt? Toe old churches do not fill. Or, it
may be thought the present churches are too far apart ;
and, therefore, it would be advisable to erect a church
rear the threshbold of each man's dwelling,. If this
be the idea entertained by the Church party, it proves
that they arc not ignorant of the apathy and lukewarm
vese, of the people as 04 these matters.
'1 he Church, I verily believe, is unpopular, and
cliurch-golug not at all in accordance with the taste of
the people ; nevertheless, many douhtless would attend
church who now stay at home, had they decent apparel
616t11e themselves with. If we enter our Roman
Catholic places di veofship, we shall see men in rags,
with beards of a week's growth at their devotions, anti
c.17-1:-.nen on their knees whose garments seem to groan for
tedsh;tub and :he needle. Not so with the English
Pe,/tartts=with them dress has much to do with or-
thodoxy, for iiQj teWi the poorest Churchman or D.s-
sentei enter his respcalte pleee of worship unless
he he deeeptty attired rie‘;‘,::::; it must be obvious to
. . .
you, ,Crri that the pertian of the le of this
Wand will b' damned in nonsetpientld of lacking Oeut.—
gainients, Wherein tid dttehd the House of Prayer.
Let our governors first see that die feoplo ttfe well
clothed, and then it is possible, not to say probable, that
tht v mill attend their churches.
cn :tteL}to ask will the ten churches
that are to be erected In etlitialeerttett bt the means of
giving to the poor handloom-weavers of ihni rltifti one
new garment—or will they afford one bite of bread
teerrd thin etrold he procured in the event of their ab-
sence ? I optic tint. Ere We dismiss' the subject,
wEhild it ndt be well td intjuife Obether or no the exist-
ing Corn-laii;s, and the kiiichtable abgttiO of education,
have not much to do with the prefect and
‘icious state of our manufacturing districts ? Will

be dermcd profane in -me, Sir, declaring my belief th
t!lote_•. !clod vropid be effeeted by an abolition of the
Corn-laws, and an extensile SYlLeili vi !o4.trvi edtteetion
than t, ill be accomplished by the erection of churches,
however numerous.

But; Sr;; the Icarned professions, like al other call-
drb actsteclicd, attcl thete new, ehnrghes) will give
cmploythent to a number ot young spiefks frOni Otfctd
Fifid Uttlibridgo,

JOHN LOOM.

i tier 16, 1846.
2,11r,at-Areens, ct.
" The }Ltrl,leole Weavers'
' A
Journal" fur Augus,.

We learn, that the Post-office authorities have
td th,t. 6drlttaettitt for carrying the mail between
dlaqgow and 13or.tpairicit, that thelt agreements cease at
th April nett. Thgß4 cdattittg ceottid tizde been departed
trott by the bover:iment kionef, And the rfiails ednveyed
by the Glasgow and Ayrshire Railway, but thit the pre-
sent 6ontr2etors will not relinquish their etigatTement till
igrni ellpirc4. an and after the kb April, therefore,
flgieettietlts ri•ferted ter ate scatter Cancelled, the
it'd( *ill he carried along the fallwey. We undetttand
that there will then be an arrival and departure of trains
;tie thail, tai and from Glasgow on Sunday 1 Sundays. yr
A ch. erlisei'.

DiVlNitir \Ve tinderstaild
1. , 3 • -). •
,‘icr,;ezici2o
et.
3cif
6r our Cieillege comes on on
tiir of Edinburgh,
alt!inugh solkited to become a c.;;' "e 1 Ftai
and we are not awlre of Iny
afnc.Lti 14,111;
odor, Ikely to be noli;:ihltetl
thin fir. Chaltt+er9 although it is said toss
ein,lei:>44 t mitt'
it i 4 40,• Heti. Dr. Peergon, of St.
re
trle Lion' ,tt ctor,. Sir
J
nralrrn, (;;;41:i ,1; 410 Anti! ll e 'O, on'',
mecotwr of s • .1
• - • on!,0, still be pic:ent. On the Gillet itthrl,
it is !lot expected that Mr. Finlay, of Castle Tevrard, 01,1
d of Facttl,ties, &lon a voter, will be able to
4ttoi,d;,dw.lnd td,th :IMO indisposition of his daughter,
11;th tahett hirh tO nutilatid. The Principal is Pre-
sident of the Senate, but has no diecet Vote. In case,
however, of an equal number of votes far two candidates,
the casting vote is vested in the Ptincipal. Whatever
way the election goes, we are convinced the electors will
have in view the importance of this Chair to the whole
comnitinity, as well as to our venerable University; and
that no " pre.ssure from without," from olie side or an-
oprioAttud to itittuerl:., the):
th'The wero pt.ur , vie have been othcially iii-
forintd that the Rev. James Rubk:Li.sui,, of Liien,
Aberdeenshire, is also a candidate,—Glasgoio. Constitu-
tional,