The Sun.
London, England, 1841-01-11 00:00:00

THE SUN, i.ONDOI•4', MONDAY, J i-d\TUAR V 11 1811.

COURT CIRCULAR.

Her Majesty, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, the
Duchess of Kent, and the Royal Household, attended
Divine Service this morning in the private Chapel of
the Castle. The Rev., Mr. Gosset and the Rev. Dr.
Short officiated ; the latter Rev. Gentleman preaching
the sermon from the 4th chapter of Galatians, and 7th
verse.

The Hon. Miss Pitt has arrived as the Maid of
Honor in Waiting on the Queen, and has succeeded
the Hon. Miss Cocks, who left yesterday for London.
The Rev. Dr. Short . and Sir James Clark will have
the honour of dining this evening with the Royal circle
at the Castle.

Her Majesty accompanied Prince Albert to the ice
yesterday morning, and enjoyed the sledge-riding for
some time, as did his Royal Highness skating. Her
Majesty was attended by the Duchess of Bedford, Hon.
Miss Paget, Earl of Fingal!, Sir Robert Otway, and
Lord Alfred Paget. His Royal Highness was at-
tended by Colonel Bouverie, Mr. G. E. Anson, and
Dr. Prctorius.

Her Majesty commanded 50/. to be forwarded to
the Rev. Mr. Gosset, and 201. to the Rev. Mr. Haw-
try, to procure necessaries for the poor. His Royal
Highness Prince Albert also sent 251. to the Rev. Mr.
Gusset for the same benevolent purpose.

Prince George of Cambridge visited tha Duchess of
Gloucester yesterday at Gloucester House. His Royal
Highness honoured Covent Garden Theatre with his
presence on Friday evening.
Mr. Pattison, M.P., had an interview with Lord
John Russell on Saturday at the Colonial Office.
Niajor Mitchell and Captain Dawson had an interview
on Saturday with his Lordship at the Colonial Office.

Viscount Melbourne has issued cards for a full dress
dinner to a large party of Peers on the 25th inst., at his
cfficial residence in Downing atreet.
Despatches were sent off from the Colonial Office,
on Saturday evening, for the Governor of Gibraltar.

DREADFUL SHIPWRECK-LOSS

OF THE STEAMER THAMES.

FALMOUTH, JAW. 8, 1841.--FRIDAY NIGHT.-In-
telligence has just been received of the melancholy loss,
on Monday morning, during a violent snow-storm, of
the London and Dublin Company's steamer Thames,
on her voyage from Dublin to London, on the south-
west rocks of the Scilly Islands; and all on board, con-
sisting of from sixty to seventy persons, drowned, with
the exception of a lady passenger, two stewardesses,
and one man. When the vessel was. discovered in her
perilous situation by the islanders, their boats were
aground, but with great efforts they succeeded in
launching a whale-boat through the breakers, and
getting her under the stern .of the Thames. The com-
mander, Capt. Gray, insisted on the females being first
hoisted therein, and, unfortunately, as soon as a lady
and two stewardesses had been placed there, the boat
broke adrift, and drove off the laud. This was per-
ceived by a sailing-boat, which took her in tow, and
succeeded, with great risk, in towing her to the shore
in safety. By this time the wind increased almost to a
hurricane, which rendered it impossible for any other
boat to approach the vessel. Captain Gray then formed
a raft, on which a great many of the crew got, but it was
almost immediately dashed against the rocks, and alt
the poor fellows thereon met a watery grave, with the
exception of one man, who was miraculously thrown on
A perpendicular rock, where he remained till the follow-
ing day, when he was rescued in an exhausted state.
The vessel became a complete wreck, and the remainder
of the crew perished. Very little of the cargo is saved.
Neither the Great Liverpool nor the Tagus steamers
are yet arrived.

THE LATE REAR-ADMIRAL SIR PHILIP
VERE BROKE, BART., K. C B. —The mortal refrains of
the above naval hero were deposited in the family vault
at Nacton Cl.urch, Suffolk, on Saturday last.

It has been decided:that the deiachmeuts which
were a few days ago placed under orders for Bengal and
Madras shall be kept back until the usual period of embark-
ation for India in May next. The detachment for Bombay
will, however, be sent off almost immediately. The 14th
Light Dragoons are to be embarked for the same presidency
in the approaching spring, to relieve the 4th Light Dra-
goons, to which place the 22J regiment is about to be con-
veyed in the foflowing ships, viz.--The Inglis, Guisachan,
Margaret, Tory, and the Ann. The total number of rank
and file, including the regulated proportion of women, for
whom accommodation has been provided in these vessels,
amounts to 1,096. The departure of the 22d has been de-
layed beyond the time originally fixed in consequence of un-
foreseen impediments, amongst which may be enumerated
the unavoidable and unexpected difficulties which have re-
tarded the completion of the augmentation, which our read-
ers are aware was not Gwzetted until last Tuesday. But
all necessary arrangements being now completed, the re-
giment will sail from Gravesend, where most of the above
vessels are waiting the arrival of their respective allotments
of troops, with all possible despatch. The recently in-
creased establishment of the 22d consists of-1 colonel, 2
iieutenant-colonels, 10 captains, 20 lieutenants, 7 emigns,
1 paymaster, 1 adjutant, 1 quartermaster, 1 surgeon, 2
assistant-surgeons, 1 sergeant-major, 1 quartermaster-
s: rgeant, 1 paymaster-sergeant, 1 armourer-sergeant, 1
schoolmaster-sergeant, 1 orderly-room clerk, 9 colour-
sergeants, 35 sergeants, 45 ccrporals, 1 drum-major, 17
drummers and fifers, and 926 rank and file.— Unildd Ser-
vice Gazelle.

SLAVERY IN INDIA.--.There is no such thing
as slavers, properly so called, known in British India, ner
is compulsory labour of any kind recognized by the laws.
The individuals arc called slaves in contradistinction to
servants and ryots, for no other reason than that they arc
not at liberty to leave their land or their service. Domes-
tic slavery of this kind is common all over India, but agri-
cultural slavery, more properly termed villeinage, is known
only in some districts. The slaves arc sometimes released
by their masters, sometimes (in cases of ill treatment) by
the decision of the Magistrate, and, more frequently, by
running away. When a slave dislikes his treatment, he
runs away ; and, as it is the principle and policy of the
British Government to discourage this species of servi-
tude, the master has very little chance of recovering him.
A law having been passed in 1811, prohibiting the buying
and selling of domestic slaves, the master must prove
before the Magistrate that the runaway was his pro-
perty before that date, which, of course, he can
rarely do. The law was not made in favour of agricultural
slaves, because these cannot be sold without the land, and
it is contrary to the custom in India to sell the laud at all ;
moreover, agricultural slaves were never known to run
away. In fact, they had no motive to do so. They arc
on exactly the same footing as the other ryots, except that
immemorial custom requires them to remain on the land.
Like all cultivators, they pay their rent in produce ; and if
their master raises their rent exorbitantly, they appeal
against him to the Magistrate. Compulsory labour is en-
tirely cut of the question ; they enjoy their personal liberty
in every respect, and have the same civil rights as their
master. When slavery was abolished in Coorg, on account
of the tyranny of the Rajah, the slaves never thought of
availing themselves of their liberty, but remained on their
ground as before. In cases of a litigation between master
and slave, the benefit of any doubt is always given to the
latter, and the full burthen of proof imposed upon the
former; so that the practical result is, that, for instance,
out of ten slaves who run away, only one reference is made
to the courts of justice; and, out of ten references to the
courts of justice, nine are dismissed. India is not go-
verned practically by the Hindoo and Mahomedan laws,
but by those laws modified by the Company's regulations ;
and when new cases occur not touched by the regulations,
the judge has a discretionary power of setting the former
laws aside, and deciding according to justice and equity.
A clause in the East India Act of 1833, recommended the
extinstion of slavery in India. The spirit of the clause,
however, had been acted up to by the Company many years
before, and continues to be so; but it was not carried lite-
rally into execution, because the very modified form of
slavery was not a practical evil. It is enough that the feel-
ing in favour of abolition has spread in India; and legis:a
tion on the subject would merely break tip the established
usages of the country, and give satisfaction to neither
party."—East Indian Telegraph.
ACCIDENT AND Loss OF LIFE.—An accident,
attended with loss of life, occurred on Saturday morning.
Five passengers, two men and three females, hired a boat
of a waterman, named Elijah Barton, at the upper Cus.
torn house-stairs, to convey them on board the Earl of
Liverpool steamer, bound to Ostend, which was lying in
the middle of the stream. The boat had not proceeded
many yards before the fields of ice floating down the river
carried the boat towards the tier of Newcastle traders
moored off the Tower. It was in vain that Barton and his
assistants endeavoured to make their way through the ice
to the Earl of Liverpool. The boat was driven against
the inside vessel of the tier, when one cf the passengers,
a French courier, imprudently got up and seized a hawser
hanging over the vessel's bows, to which he clung in his
fright. The boat was slewed round clear of the ship,
leaving the Frenchman clinging to the rope, and it was im-
possible, owing tot he immense icebergs pressing against
the boat, to render him any assistance, he perished. The
waterman, after being carried some distance, cff,cted a
landing at Alderman's-stairs, Lower East Smithfield,
where the passengers went ashore, and deposited
their luggage at the St. Katharine's steam-packet
wharf. None of them were able to reach the
Earl of Liverpool, which left her moorings at seven
o'clock, and cut through the ice. The French courier
was in the employ of the Prussian Ambassador, and had
two large packages ; one contained important despatches
directed to the diplomatic functionary at Aix•la-Chapelle.
They were conveyed to the station-house in Tower-street,
and in the afternoon were forwarded by Mr. Harvey, the
Commissioner of the City Police, to the residence of the
Prussian Ambassador. We believe the Earl of Liverpool
was the only steamer which got away from the pool during
the day. On Saturday evening, at six o'clock, two men
imprudently made an effort to steer a boat through the ice
in the lower pool, for the purpose of reaching the southern
shore, and were drifted as far as Limehouse, where the
boat was crushed against sonic vessels at anchor, and both
men perished. They called aloud for help before the boat
reached the tier, but it was impossible to approach them.
The Royal William steam-ship arrived at St. Kathe-
rine's what f on Sunday, at one o'clock, from Leith, which
place she left on Tuesday night. The voyage was a long
and boisterous one, and she encountered a severe gale on
her way to London. Three lightcrmen, in a lug boat
which had been frozen in among the ice near the west end
of the wharf, were enabled to get ashore.
DEATH OF MR. SHERIFF BOSWELL.--We
regret to announce the death of William Boswell, Esq ,
Sheriff of Berwickshire, which took place on Thursday
mornines at his house in Castle-street. Mr. Boswell had
been complaining for several weeks previous, but until the
last fortnight, his disease had not assumed an alarming
aspect,—.Edinburgh Courant.

LORD CARDIGAN AND DR.
SAND H AM.

(From the United Service Gazette.)
Lord Cardigan has proved to the authorities at the
Horse Guards how unqualiLd a reliance be has upon
their forbearance, by a fresh exhibition of his insolent
and overbearing demeanour to his officers. We allude
to his treatment of Doctor Sandham, the highly respect-
able surgeon of the 11th Hussars.
It is to be lamented that hitherto, whenever any of
his Lordship's delinquencies have been brought anabr
the public notice, there has always been some inaccu-
racy in the account, which has afforded a handle to his
Lordship's disinterested Newspaper advocates. In the
present case, however, the mistakes and omissions have
been wholly in his Lordship's favour. For the correct-
ness of the following version of his new embro lie we
cal undertake to vouch, and it will be found to differ
essentially from the account which has already been
made public.

It is now somewhat more than a month ago that
Dr. Sandham was leaving the church at Brighton with
his regiment, when the clasp of his cap becoming "-
hooked, he was compelled to stop for a moment to ad-
just it. In order that he might the sooner regain
his place, he made a short angle through a little gate
in the churchyard. The men were, at that moment,
forming in line outside the church, preparatory to
marching to the barracks ; having reached which,
they were dismissed, and the officers '• fell out." As
Dr. Sandham was walking off the grcund, the regi-
mental Adjutant accosted him, and informed him
that it was Lord Cardigan's orders, that when he
(Dr. Sandham) left the church upon any future oc-
casion, he should fall in with the regiment. Dr.
Sandham replied, " that he was unable to under-
stand the drift of his Lordship's commands, seeing
that he had invariably obeyed them to the very
fetter." Lord Cardigan not having left the
ground, however, Dr. Sandham walked up to him,
and respectfully requested the favour of an explana-
tion of his Lordship's meaning. The reply, conveyed in
Lord Cardigan's usually offensive manner, was, " I have
given my orders to the Adjutant, Sir." Seeing clearly
that his Lordship's object was to provoke him, if pot-
sible, to some disrespectful remark, Dr. Sandham pro-
ceeded to his room, where he was soon afterwards
joined by two or three of his brother-officers, who,
having questioned him as to what had occurred be-.
tween Lord Cardigan and himself, he simply replied,
that he had gone out of the wrong gate." Conscious
of the feeling with which he is regarded by his brother-
officers, and filled consequently with jealous app-ehen-
sion whenever any discussion to which he is not a party
is entered into by them ; or, it may be, misled by some
one of the spies who supply him with pretexts for his
tyranny, it was enough for his Lordship to know that
Dr. Sandham had been speaking to any one. Before the
doctor had reached his private apartment he was sum-
moned by the Adjutant to writ upon Lord Cardigan,
and, on obeying the order, was told, with great acerbity
of manner, by his Lordship, that " his conduct was highly
improper and reprehensible, in having made such a
statement to the young officers who had just left him."
Dr. Sandham attempted respectfully to explain to his
Lordship his error in supposing that he had made any
complaint or improper remark upon the subject ; but
Lord Cardigan cut him short, by abruptly and authori-
tatively saying, " Be quiet, Sir, I shall not listen to any
reply!" On receiving this uncourteous and undeserved
rebuff, greatly as his forbearance had been tested,
Dr. Sandham merely replied, without evincing the
slightest irritation or disrespect, "My Lord, I have
not failed to use my best endeavours to please yonr
Lordship, but I now find that it is impossible so to
do." " Well, Sir," rejoined his Lordship, " you had
better state that fact in writing ; and now, Sir, leave
the room."

Having quitted Lord Cardigan's apartment with
feelings that may be more easily conceived than de-
scribed, Dr. Sat-Wham, after preparing a statement of
facts for the consideration of the Horse Guards, called
upon Captain Douglas and Lieutenant Knowles (the
Adjutant), both friends and supporters of Lord Cardi-
gan, and free of his Lordship's ballot's, to say if they
considered that his conduct in the matter had been such
as to justify his Lordship in treating him in so contu-
melious a manner. They were constrained to acknow-
ledge that it had not, and were prevailed upon to re-
duce their opinion and testimony to writing. It is
hardly necessary to add, that their statement was strictly
corroborative of the one forwarded to Lord Hill by Dr.
Sandbar?. The two documents were, of course, trans-
mitted to the Horse Guards through the medium of
Lord Cardigan himself, accompanied by such comments
as occurred to him in justification of his conduct. We
have not heard if he adopted his usual practice of
seeking an interview with Sir John Macdonald on the
occasion ; but, indecent as such a course must be ad-
mitted to be, we can hardly hope that it was re-
mitted in favour of Dr. Sandham. However this may
have been, his Lordship did not experience his accus-
tomed indulgence in that quarter. In spite of his great
personal influence with the Adjutant-General, and the
repeated interference of the Duke of Wellington in his
behalf, Dr. Sandham's complaint did succeed in drawing
down upon Lord Cardigan, in the name of Lord Hill,
a sharp reprimand for his tyrannical and overbearing
conduct. But for the imperative direction of Lord
Hill to the above effect, the long and verbose memo-
randum, concocted on the occasion, would, we have
little doubt, have either contained no reprimand at all,
or some paragraph of censure on Lord Cardigan's latest
victim. As, however, the document prepared by the
Adjutant•Generel on this occasion did convey to his
Lordship the " great surprise and regret of the Ge-
neral Commanding-in-Chief that his recommendation to
the Earl of Cardigan, on a previous occasion, had not
had the (fleet of preventing applications to the Horse
Guards, by way of complaint of his Lordship's con-
duct," no second copy was, as in the case of Major
Morse Cooper, handed to the complaining party for
the purposes of publication !
To show, however, that in the teeth of Lord Hill's
known wishes and instructions, there arc people at the
Horse Guards who will still protect. Lord Cardigan,
coutc qui coute, we may mention that a few days after
the above disgraceful occurrence, Dr. Sandham applied
to Lord Cardigan for leave of absence, which his Lord-
ship had the bad taste to refuse, unless he would admit
himself to have been in error, which the Doctor declined
to do : and the result has been, that after this disgust-
ing display of vindictiveness, Lord Cardigan has been
constrained to grant Dr. Sandham the leave to which
he was undoubtedly entitled. His Lordship has lately in-
dulged in a similar exhibition of his spleen towards
Captain J. AV. Reynolds, another of his victims, who
has eventually obtained a long leave, in despite of his
Lordship's pertinacious refusal.

PROGRESS OF PENNY POSTAGE

The penny postage, which it was prophesied would
not pay its expenses, has yielded 441,009/. net revenue
in the first year of its experiment. So that, judging
from the revenue returns of Post-office expenses already
published, and making an allowance for increased ex-
penditure occasioned by the extended use of railways,
the first annual gross receipts under the new system
have been more than half the annual receipts under the
old. A Correspondent of the Chronicle " presumes"—
and quite erroneously, we believe—that the receipts for
postage collected by stamps have not been included in
the quarter's returns of the Post-office revenue ; and
seems to regard the total receipts of the year with some
alarm. It is true that the net revenue has been nearly
stationary during the year, whilst the letters have steadily
increased. We believe the explanation given by the
Globe of this apparent contradiction is correct :

" Everybody is aware, that under the old system few
letters were paid in advance ; but that since the intro-
duction of penny postage, owing to the additional charge
on unpaid letters, a great change in this respect has
taken place, and that now very few indeed are paid on
delivery. This change, however, has been gradual.
Immediately after the commencement of the penny pos-
tage, the number of inland letters paid on delivery was
probably about '2O per cent. of the whole : now it is, we
believe, less than 5 per cent. ; early in the year, there-
fore, 20 per cent., and at the end of the year only 5
per cent. of the whole correspondence, was charged
double. postage : and it is manifest that unless the num-
ber of letters had in the meantime increased at least 15
per cent., the revenue must have fallen."
of is letters.
the public has had
Another explanation is found in the increased ex-
penses arising from the extension of railway conveyance ;
which have diminished the net revenue. Thus, nearly
simultaneousgreatly' aceleerwith
We hear the recent reduction in the fees of money-
orders has proved quite successful. The numbers in
London are reported to have three folded in less than
two months.—Spectator.
ted
conveyance cheap postage,

WILL OF LORD JOHN UHURCHILL.—The
--- ,_, --
will of the Right lion. Henry John Spencer Churchill,
commonly called Lord John Spencer Churchill, late Cap-
tain of her Majesty's ship Druid, deceased, has just passed
the seal of tile Prerogative Court of the Archbishop of
Canterbury, in Doctor's Commons, to his Royal Highness
Prince Frederick Duke of Sussex, and the lion. John
Frederick Gordon, commonly called Lord Frederick Gor-
don, the executors. The personal property of the de-
ceased has been sworn under 12,000/., and which is given
to the executors, to Sir Francis Moly neux Ommanney,
and the Right lion. Lord Churchill. Sir Francis died
in the lifetime of the deceased, so that the Whole of the
property becomes divisible between the executors and the
lion. Edward Lord Churchill, being 4,0001.
each.
COINAGE AT AIANCIIESTER.—We were
pretty well aware that certain of her Majesty's subjects,
resident here, occasionally employed themselves in fabri-
cating base shillings and sixpences ; but we did not know,
until very recently, that a legitimate ;
coinage of money is
at the present time going on in the town. We have now
lying before us some specimens of Copper money for the
island of Sumatra, now coining by Messrs. Vivian and
Sons, copper merchants,
of this town. The coins are
about the size of an English farthing, but much thinner,
and probably not more than half the weight, and bear a
rather strange mixture of English and native devices and
inscriptions; some part of which, at any rate, will puzzle
I the Sumatran. more than a little... Manchester Guardwn.

DINNER, to the LORD ADVOCATE.

On Friday the Right Hon. the Lord Advocate, Mem
bor for the Leith district of burghs, was entertained b)
his constituents in Leith at a public dinner in the Exchange
Hotel. About 150 gentlemen were present. Adam
White, Esq., late Provost of the burgh, was i❑ the chair,
supported on the right by the Lord Advocate, Baillie
Thom, Mr. Gibson Craig, M.P., Mr. Murray,of
Hcndcr-
land ; Mr. Crawford, Advocate; Mr. Sinclair, of SO-
ster, Mr. J. T. Gordon, Advocate ; Baillie Muir ; and on
the left by the Hon. Fox Manic, M.P., Baillie Alexander,
Rev. Mr. Bennie, Mr. Glen Johnstone, Mr. George
.n:Qtrison, Mr. John M‘Fie, and Baillie Hutchison.
Robert ,Lawrie, Esq., and Convener Hutchison, acted as
croupiers.

The CrtetaetAer, r:fter apologising for the absence of
Provost Reoch from durrieetic affliction, proposed the usual
loyal and constitutional toasts, which were responded to
with all due honours.
The CHAIRMAN then proposed the health of Oleic excel-
lent friend, the representative for Loith,—(Great cheering. )
The LORD ADVOCATE was received v..ith much svpiause.
After thanking them for their kindness, and elighay ad-
verting to the improvement of their harbour via etllcr
local matters, he said—there is one topic which I tcatl
necessary for myself, end becoming to you, to enter uporif
as you are'z'entitled to know my opinions—l mean the cire
cumstances which have arisen out of the late unfortunate
contest for the civic chair in Edinburgh. I declined ti
take a part to that contest. Applications were made to me
to take a part in it by gentlemen of great station and in-
fluence on both sides. I declined to do so; and lam en-
titled to say that I declined with the perfect sanction and
approbatioe of those who applied to me. There r ere faults
.—for I was not an indifferent spectator of the contest—
there were faults on both sides. It began amidst per-
sonal feelings and jealousies, which arc never well en-
listed in the service of any cause wh itever. There was
one declaration made, and that by the person who sec-
ceeded in the contest—that Dissenters should not at
certain times—that there were times—when Dissenters
should not fill civic offices—which I heard with great
reprobation.—( Loud cheers.) I have never concealed
my disgust at that sentiment. I have spoken of it re-
peatedly. I have not before had occasion to speak of
it in public, but I have spoken of it repeatedly in pri-
vate ; and no one better knows my feelings with respect
to it than the individual by whom it was uttered.—
(Hear, hear.) On the other hand, there were dream
stances conuected with the great questions of Church Re-
form too keenly thrust forward on the other side of the
contest; and I roust say, that if these had been lc'
thrust forward, a Dissenter never would have been ex-
cluded—he would have filled the chair with the una-
nimous consent of the Liberal party.—(Loud cheers.)
I cannot therefore allow, and I never will allow, that
in that matter the great cause of civil and reiigiou,
liberty eras at all in peril. Though it could be shown
that Dissenters were excluded from filling at any time,
and under any circumstances, civil offices, I should be
the last man to say that in that case the cause of civil
and religious freedom was not in peril.---( Cheers.)
Having cleared myself from particular and local mat-
ters, will you allow me to make a few observations, which
I do nut think are unimportant to the country, in iefercnce
to the great contest which is now cat ricd on with respec
to the Church. There are two things here which ought to
be left entirely separate. Attempts have been made in
certain quarters to confound them—be it my object to se-
parate them entirely. The one is the great question of
Church Reform, either by modifying or controlling patron-
age; and the other is the question arising out of griev-
ances alleged or stated by Dissenters against the Church.
These have no more to do with each other than any other
two things in nature.—(Cheers.) Bear in mind that 1
speak not in an official capacity—that I speak not as a re-
presentative of her Majesty's Government, or of any part
of them—l speak my own individual opinions—opinions
which I do not deny, but distinctly avow, shall form the
guide of my public conduct. Then, with respect to the
subject of reform in the Church—separating altogether the
question of Dissenters' grievances, which is another matter
entirely—l own I should have expected most sympathy
from those whose fathers, and the founders of whose
faith, held the same principles, and who, in despair of ob-
taining them, reluctantly wrung themselves from the Es-
tablishment. I beg farther to observe, that in reforming
the s. hurch, I should advocate no increase of power to '
the clergy.—( Immense applause.) I never dreamed of
that. I objected to the proposals made by other persons
whose schemes appeared to me to have that tendency ; and
I shall support no reform that can be suspected of that.
The reform which I should advocate is this, that in a na-
tion so civilized and educated as this is, the people ought
to have some voice in the choice of their ministers of rub-

ligion.—(Cheers.) I shall support no reform that is
not accomplished by the Church in a legal and constitu-
tional manner.—( Great applause.) She must either
carry through her reforms by Act of Parliament, or by the
exercise of those powers which exist in her as a Church,
and which are acknowledged to exist in her as a Church.
I come now to the second matter to which I sere! red—
namely, the grievances of Dissenters. Let us look at some
of them. There is first the Basle Board. I admit that that
question was not settled as Mr. Mastic and myself could
have wished ; nor WAS it settled as the Government could
have wished; but the question just came to be, as
Solon said, what can be best done, and not what is
best in itself. We at least succeeded in putting down the
Bible monopoly ; and, in proof of the benefit conferred by
the measure, I can refer to no better authority than Dr.
Thomson, of Coldstream, who has admitted that whatever
objections there might be to its constitution, in its working
it is perfect.—( Loud cheers.) Another point is the High-
land Schools. There were forty Highland parishes un-
provided with schools ; they were destitute of the means
of education ; and the question just came to be, shall you
give these people education under the superintendence of
the ordinary parochial authorities, or, by insisting for
something—more liberal I admit—lose all ? With t espect
to the chaplains of jails, my lion. Friend, Mr. Mauls, is
better able to reply to that, though I think there may be
a doubt whether the chaplaincy es' jails could be consist-
ently taken by Dissenters, seeing that they arc something
of the nature of ordinary cures and livings.—( Hear, hear )
With regard to the Inspector of Schools, I have also to
state that the Government did the best in the circumstances,
but I hope that the time is not far distant when this situation,
as well as the situation of parish schoolmasters, will be open
to every one who subscribes merely the Confession of
Faith, without the formula.—(Cheers.)
The CHAIRMAN then gave the health of her Majesty's
Ministers, which was acknowledged by Mr. Mauls, who, in
the course of his speech remarked that he knee no period
in which the Ministers were better prepared to meet the
British Parliament, when British honour was better vindi-
cated, or her authority and rn)ral influence better esta-
blished, from one end of the world to the other, than at
the present moment.—(Cheers.)
The CHAIRMAN gave " The Clergy of all Denomina-
tions."—(Cheers.)
Rev, A. BENNIE, in returning thanks, expressed his
entire concurrence in the great leading principles laid down
by the Lord Advocate; and in none more than this, that
no Dissenter should labour under any civil disability what •
ever, in consequence of his religious opinions.—( Applause. )
The CHAIRMAN gave the health of Mr. Maule.—( Great
applause.)
Mr. MAULE returned thanks, and, in the course of his
reply, entered into an explanation of the insertion of the
clause into the Prison Bill excluding Dissenters from the
chaplaincy of jails, the substance of which was that,
though he was not ignorant that Lord Galloway intended
to introduce the clause, yet the period of the Session at
which it was introduced was so late, that he was placed
under the alternative either of submitting to the clause, or
lose the Bill, which had already been suffered to fall during
the preceding Session ; and as he was not then aware of
any individual injury the clause would inflict, he allowed it
to pass rather than put off the Bill for another Session.
Had he been aware, however, of the case of the chaplain
of Bridewell, he would at least have taken care to have
preserved existing interests, and to this he believed even
the House of Lords would not have objected. Mr.
_ _

Manic then gave the " Health of the Provost, Magistrates,
and Town Council of Leith," which was aeknovtledvd
by Baillic Thorn.

FURTHER PARTICULARS OF THE
GALE OF WIND OFF THE COAST OF SYRIA.

(From the Malta Times )

When the gale commenced on the Ist inst. the fol-
lowing ships were lying in St. George's Bay, Beyrout :
—Princess Charlotte and Benbow, of the line, and the.
Gorgon, Hydra, Sromboli,and Prometheus (since arrived
at Malta) steamers. The Bellerophon was off the town of
13eyrout. Two Austrian frigates (one with the flag of
Admiral Bandoira, and the other commanded by his
Royal Highness the Archduke Frederick). The gale
commenced on the afternoon of the Ist, and towards
noon of the .2d it became worse. Early on that morn-
ing the Bellerophon put to sea, and stood to the north
ward. She lost two boats, all her sails, and threw her
quarter-deck guns overboard. The Powerful was struck
on the near bow, which started her fore chains, and it
was only by the quick evolution of wearing that her
fore-mast was saved. A heavy sea took the Austrian
corvette's lore mast clean by the board. Eleven mer-
chant vessels (names not reported) went on shore, and
a fine brig lost her masts and filled at her anchors ; a
number of lives must have been lost. The following
are the particulars of the providential escape of the
Bellerophon from total loss, and show what courage and
discipline can effect under the most difficult and tr3ing
circumstances :

" The evening of the Ist of December was quite
fine, with little wind, but it freshened up during the
night to a gale. At half-past five in the morning one
anchor came home in an awful squall of wind and rain;
a second anchor was let go, but this was of no avail, the
ship kept driving broadside on, never looking to the
anchors. The only chance now was to slip and make
sail ; this was done very quickly, leaving the anchors in
deep water. We got sail on' the ship, carrying a heavy
press to keep her off from shore, both the pinnace and
barge were swamped while the ship drove. By nine in
the morning it blew a hurricane, nothing could resist it
—the sea was running high, and no sign of a lull. The
fore and main courses were blown clean away, also the
ferctopmast staysail, not leaving a dozen yards of
canvass in the tree. The fore-topsail split soon
after noon, the maintopsail went to ribands, only
saving the part reefed ; then main trysail. The ship
was now labouring heavily and the mainmast com-
plaining. We threw overboard the upper deck guns
and simt, which appeared to ease the ship much ;
all bands employed shifting sails, as well as the tempest
would permit, which, during the storm of rain, hail, and
wind, was no easy job. Towards sunset it became evi-
dent that nothing less than a miracle could save us.
The ship kept dragging along shore—a shore presenting
no place of refuge. We bent the cable to the spare
anchor and made every preparation for cutting away our
masts, as by nine o'clock at night every one was satis-

fled that nothing more could be done, and our safety was
utterly hopeless. At this time, during a pelting storm
of rain, the Captain sent for the ship's company aft, and
told them the position of the ship—saying " that much
depended on their coolness and conduct, and to the at-
tention paid to orders given." The men went up with a
will to bend fore and man topsails—just at this
time the wind lulled for a moment—and* the ship
broke off two points, now heading right on Ogre,
not more than five miles off it, some say only
three. As our sole chance, we put the helm
up, and the Bellerophon wore where perhaps very few
ships would ; indeed, this fine ship behaved nobly
through the whole gale. After coming to on the lar-
board tack, the wind came aft two points, the ship
coming up S.S,W., and sometimes a point higher.
We made all possible sail we could carry—rain and
sleet still continuing, but wind a little abated. By
4 o'clock in the morning we were some 10 miles off the
land, and leading south-west. The watch was called,
all hands had been on deck twenty-four hours. Upon
the whole it was an extraordinary and very narrow
escape from most imminent peril. Had the ship
grounded, she would have gone to pieces, and all hands
niu:t have perished. Nothing was to be found dry on
board, the ship leaking from the tremendous straining
dun:;' the sale, and the previous heavy firing during
the camp•aign on the coast. The coolness of our chief
and the steadineo of the men durinn, this trying occa-
sion, were beyond all praise. Thank God we are now
all safe, refitting and. setting to rights in Marmorice
harbour."

" Marmori,ce, Dec. 13, 1840.

" We left off Alexandria on the i:f3fh of November,
and arrived here on the Bth instant, lut:'ing
fallen in
with one of the heaviest gales it has bee': my lot to
encounter since I have been in the service ; this shill
sustained little damage, the main shot locker only !roke
adrift, no sails lost ; the Rodney lost a quarter boa
and maintcpsail ; Vanguard, maintopsail ; Powerful
laboured very heavily, carried away larboard fore-
channels, and endangered foremast ; Cambridge, masts
all but gone ; Revenge not much damage. The Bel-
lerophon had a very narrow escape at Bey rout ; she
broke from her anchors, was obliged to make sail, lost
every sail but mizen-topsail, hove eight upper deck guns
overboard, and, in fact, was saved by Providence.
The Zebra is totally lost, and three men drowned ;
the Pique (both at Caill'a) cut away all her masts, and
was saved only by the goodness of her hempen
cable, both chains having parted ; great numbers of
merchant vessels have been wrecked on the coast. Five
ships are expected to leave this for Malta shortly—
namely, Powerful, Edinburgh, and Ganges, certain, the
other two I know not, Lieutenant Fitz-James, of the
Ganges, has exchanged with Bridges of time Thunderer.
Another Court-martial is to take place on the Captain
of an Austrian corvette ; one charge is, I understand,
cowardice on the attack at Acre."

The nque reached this harbour on the 9.2 d inst.,
having sailed under jury masts from the coast of Syria,
and having occupied IS days on her passage.
This frigate has been left in command of the Bay of
Acre for the winter, in company with the steamer Ve-
suvius, and had taken up an anchorage off Caiffa, as •
being the most sheltered part of the bay.
On the 2d inst. it began to blow violent squalls, which
lasted with occasional intervals for too days. On the
4th the wind shifted round the point of Carmel, which
had hitherto sheltered the anchorage, and coming down
with unbroken violence upon the shipping, drove two
brigs from their anchors, and compelled the Vesuvius
to put to sea, after losing both ,her anchors ; of the
two brigs, one, her Majesty's ship Zebra, had cut away
her masts early in the day, and made a signal of dis-
tress. To render her any assistance while the wind
and sea raged so furiously was of course impracticable.
The steamer made a fruitless attempt with this view,
and herself hardly succeeded in getting clear of the,
coast and taking the open sea. The brig still held on
by her remaining anchors, the seas breaking over the
dismasted hull with resistless violence, and at last drove
her again from her anchors. She drifted shorewards,
and after striking repeatedly on the sandy bottom, was
thrown by the violence of the sea high up on the beach,
and her crew were thus providentially rescued from
their apparently hopeless situation. Three men alone
were drowned in an attempt to save their own lives by
lowering a boat, which was swamped alongside. No
other lives were lost.

The frigate had meanwhile imitated the example of
her consort, and cut away her masts, after breaking
from two iron and one hempen cable. She still held
on by her last hempen cable, ohidh was so much chafed
by the wrecks of her masts, as to destroy any hopes of
its holding the ship much longer under the violence of
the tempest. Most providentially at this crisis the
ind went down almoet Llstantaneously, and she rode
safe for the night. Ear!y next day the steamer re-ap-
peared, and having towed the frigate 140 miles out to
sea, left her a sheer hulk, to make the best of her way
to Malta. She had lost all her masts and bowsprit, six
guns, and her four best anchors ; her rudder was seri-
ously damaged, and she was found leaky. In this con-
dition she was jury-rigged, and being favoured by tem-
perate weather, she has reached Malta, 18 days from
the day on which she was towed out.

THE EARTHQUAKE AT MOUNT

ARARAT.

ST. PETERSBURGII, DEC. 12:2, 1840.

Our Flume Department his published the following
report on the extraordminary earthquake at Mount
Ararat, the first official and circumstantial account
which has hitherto appeared on the eubject, all previous
descriptions having been very defective and confused,
and frequently contradictory. The report proceeds
thus •

" About sunset, on the 2d of July, a violent earth-
quake occurred in the Armenian province, which lasted
nearly one minute. The village of Achturi, situated
on the declivity of the Ararat, in the Surmanlinsk dis-
trict, with the whole of its inhabitants, the more ele-
vated cloister of St. Leels, and the house of the former
Sirdars (governors), were completely overwhelmed by
the masses of earth, stone, and ice, which rushed
down from the mountain. Inundations of melted snow
mixed with mud, flowed over the neighbouring fields, to-
tally covering them, and destroyed all the grain and
fruits within a circuit of more than ten wersts. In the
Schrursk district also, at seven o'clock in the evening of
the same day, no less than 3,137 houses, with all their
subsidiary buildings, were levelled to the ground by the
earthquake, whereby 13 men, 20 women, and 253 head
of cattle perished. The loss of property to the inhabi-
tants of this district is estimated at 43,929 silver ru-
bles. At the same moment the shock was felt in the
fortress of Shusha and other parts of the Ka-
rabacha province, where it also lasted exactly a
minute. The fortress sustained no damage ; but
in the province, one church and 169 inhabitated
houses were destroyed. The eastern wall of the ancient
Armenian convent of Tatuvsk gave way, along with
the roof, from which the carved stones rolled down, and
the towers were demolished. The rocks in the neigh-
bourhood of the villages of Shingen sank down, by which
an Armenian, two women, and a great number of cattle
were killed ; immediately after, the whole of the road
to the village was covered and closed up. As yet the
inhabitants can only communicate witb each other by
means of ropes.

In the Talusin Khanat the town of Concoran and
its neighbourhood experienced three heavy shocks, one
alter the other, which lasted longer than a minute, but
did no damage. In Alexandropcl, in Tiflis, the earth-
quake was likewise felt, but there, too, it was attended
by no injurious consequences. Throughout the whole
district of Surmanlinsk, but chiefly in the villages near
Mount Ararat, slight shocks of two or three minutes'
duration were daily observed from the 3d to the Bth
of July.
On the 6th a second downfall of Mount Ararat took
place, in consequence of which vast rocks, stupendous
blocks of ice, and immense floods of water rushed down
with such rapidity and force, that in a few minutes
everything that stood in their way was destroyed.
Great streams of the various substances thrown up ex-
tended over a surface of more than twenty wersts. The
inhabitants of the numerous villages in the Surmanlinsk
district, situated at the foot of the Ararat, are left
destitute by the devastation of their houses. Though
the torrents rushing from the mountains did not reach
all the villages, yet the corn fields were dreadfully in-
jured by the snow-water mixed with mud.
The General Commanding-in-Chief in Georgia has
sent Major VoskobanikofT to Mount Ararat to make a
correct survey, and collect on the spot all the details of
the earthquake.

SturvvßEcK.---During the heavy gales which
have lately visited the West Coast, the brig .lane Gordon,
of Ayr, Simpson, of 121 tons, from Cork to Ayr, in bal-
last, became unmanageable, and was dtiven ashore at three
a.m. on the 3d of January curt., near the north pier-head
of Portpatrick, and became a total wreck. Tile cries of
the crew alarmed the inhabitants of the port, many of
whom came to their assistance, but could render very little;
for although the vessel's stern was within a few yards of
the pier, the sea ran so high that it made a clean breach
over both the vessel and the pier. At five o'clock the two
masts went overboard, and the vessel was shivered in piece..
The master, a man, and a boy, were washed ashore; but '
the mate and four of the crew were unfortunately drowned
MORTALITY FROM SMALL-PDX.—From July
1837, to Dec. 1839, Mr. Farr has shown that the deaths
from small-pox in the metropolis (lancet, Nov. 1840),
amounted to 5186; the quarterly deaths rose from 257 to
1,145 ; the increase was 445 per cent., or more thel four-
fold. The increase was in a geometrical progression, and
the quarterly rate of increase was therefore the cube root
of 4 45=1.65, or 65 per cent. The epidemic is now on
the increase ; 35, 54, 60, 58 have latterly died weekly.
This is melancholy when we reflect that the disease might
be arrested in one week by vaccination. Five children at
the very least arc destroyed daily by small-pox in London.
Vary the statement a little, says Mr. Farr, and whatwould
be the effect of the announcement in the public papers
Five children will be thrown from London-bridge daily
elve months—and the
numberduring thewill nbeexrtawiseeedk; t6h,e7,,,,axnt tlidt;
dailyß in the next sea-
son ; the very supposition is revolting,frorr small
-pox
;mloindgeeor.f
dinegatphaims,mnil:lyctoomrtpuarree,duwnditehr that
hideous deformity—the sur-
and perhap viyors escaping as from the fire, with faces cicatrizcd, de-
s blinded for life,
formed irreparably,

14..1VE

ING EDITION.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

(From the .1-Icmvshire Telegraph.)
PORTSMOUTH, JAN. 9.—The Pelican, 16, Comman-
der. Charles Napier, was to leave Chatham on Thur:.-
day for this port, on her way to• the Mediterranean, tea
reli.-tve the Wasp ; the Iris, 2G, Captaii; Nourse, was
to fellow yesterday, and will, it is understood, pro
to the- West Indies, to relieve the Ves;al.
The Phecnix, steam frigate, Commcnder .Tuba Ri-
chardson, will proceed to-morrow to the Aiediterr..pean.
The Two: d, '2O, Commander Douglas, is fully
manntd, and is reported to be ready for sea on the :20th
instant,.

Tin .91ban, steam vessel, arrived on Tucsday from
Sheerness, with the 66th regiment on board, and they
were landed at Gosport.

The Dr:ver„new steamer, was undocked on Wcdocs
day, and will he ;owed round to Woolwich, under the
charge of Mr. Miller,: of :the Victory, on Monday next,
by the Fearless, steamer,
The London and Forn:idaNu, at Chatham, and the
St. Vincent and Vengeance, at this port, are not to be
fitted out at present, but reserved As n.rmonstration ships.
The Apollo, troop-ship, embarks Ott: 97th for Corfu,
taking the 2d battalion of the 60th to .raLunica, and the
6Sth from thence to Quebec, and returns to Ports.nouth
with the '24.h Regiment.
The French frigme Iphigenia, of 60 guns. has ,-e•
cently left Toulon, with a few troops on board, for the
Isle of Bourbon.

The barque M frgaret, from Dublin, with 1;3'2. le-
male convieti, under the medical charge of Mr. C. A.
Browning, surgeon, R.N., arrived at Sydney on ti.ie
17th of August, and the barque King William, with
180 male convicts under the superintendence of CAmp.
bell France, Esq., surgeon, R.N., on the same day_
The foilovring officers took passage in the King
:—Licut. Montgomery, 80th Regiment ; Ensitm.
T, V B. Aplin, .28th Regiment ; twenty rank and file.
of ;he jOi`h and 90th Regiments, and four women and.
seven .".Fite'.-ce•
In I:ctrb..-ur.—Queen, Victory, Indus, Excellent,
Royal Geo, ',re, Tweed, Pliamix, Rapid, Viper, Apollo.
troop ship, anu Avon, Alban, and Echo steamers,
Cracker tender.
At Spithead.—Pihn Bligh, E. I.
The Emperor of 13.ut.siJ has conferred on Admiral
Sir Robert Stopford the' Ordc' of St. George (2d Clan),
being the same as was giv:>o to Sir E. Codrington.