The Sun.
London, England, 1847-05-06 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 6, 1847.

Sir G. GREY hoped no objection would be offered
to the second reading of the Bill.
After a short conversation, in which Mr. BRIGHT,
Mr. NEWDEG ATE, and some other Hon. Members took
part, the Bill was read a second time.
Sir H. HALFORD moved the second reading of the
Hosiery Manufacture Bill ; and if the motion were
carried, he would move that the Bill be referred to a
Select Committee.

Mr. WYNN ELLIs considered the Bill would aggra-
vate the evils it professed to remedy, and would
therefore vote against it.

Mr. GISBORNE said this was a corollary to the Fac-
tory Bill. They had entered upon a course which
they could not carry out, and all such attempts to
regulate wages by law must eventually prove not only
unsuccessful, but positively injurious.
At the suggestion of Mr. MILNER GIBSON, the de-
bate was adjourned to to-morrow (this day.)
On the motion of Mr. WAYLEY the second reading
of the Medical Registration Bill was postponed to
Monday.
Mr. SHARMAN CRAWFORD postponed the second
reading of the Tenants' (Ireland) Bill to to-morrow
(this day).
The County Buildings Act passed through com-
mittee.
The Naval Service of Boys Bill passed through
Committee, and the House adjourned at six o'clock.

Intelligence is arriving now with such rapidity, and
of such an extraordinary character, from the different
quarters of the habitable globe, that it can neither be
uninteresting nor unprofitable to take a comprehen-
sive but cursory glance at its peculiarities. Recent
alterations in the Legislatures of Foreign countries
have assimilated, or 'are gradually assimilating, so
many millions of the human race with ourselves,
that it is with peculiar emotions we take into consi-
deration the liberal institutions which have recently
sprung into existence. Our sympathies are conse-
quently enlisted in an especial manner in the relations
subsisting between the kingdoms beyond our
shores. When Prussia is obtaining an elective
Parliament from the sagacious generosity of its en-
lightened SOVEREIGN, and when the inhabitants even
of the Papal States are receiving the boon of a
species of representative Conclave from their illus-
trious ruler, we may, without affectation, con-
gratulate ourselves upon the progress, both politi-
cal and social, of our own generation; and we may
be permitted, without subjecting ourselves to ridi-
cule, to speak with something like exultation of
the progressive regeneration of mankind which is
being effected under the auspices of Christianity.
Although we are startled by the account of ap-
palling butcheries in the Chinese empire—butcheries
of such a frightful magnitude that we should be dis-
posed to regard the rumours with incredulity but for
our recollection of the sanguinary temperament of
the Budhists and the extraordinary numerical
strength of the subjects of the Celestial EMPEROR—
although we are told of the massacre of ].30,638
individuals in the departments of Chang-Chao
and Tseven-Chao, we must acknowledge that the in-
formation received from the Asiatic dominions is
generally of a more bloodless character than hereto-
fore. The dispatches just arrived from India, in
anticipation of the Overland Mail, are almost of a kind
to cause exultation and gratitude, even in the sudden
and mysterious death, already mentioned, of the in-
famous AKBAR KHAN. Reports are divided as to
whether that ruthless chieftain has fallen a victim to
his own inordinate intemperance or to poison, admi-
nistered to him at the instigation of his parental
enemy. No individual among his contemporaries
was held in such universal and merited execra-
tion as the deceased Wu zeer, and no one
will be so totally devoid of persons to bewail
his disappearance. Among the significant cir-
cumstances which are now transpiring in our
Oriental possessions, or in their immediate vici-
nity, must be mentioned the reformation already vi-
sible in the behaviour cf. his Highness GnooLas
SINGH. At present he' is described as enacting
the part of a reformed rake ; he has apparently sown
the last handful of his wild oats, and is now engaged
in weeding out the tares and thistles. Besides this sin-
gular phenomenon in the physiology of Eastern princes
we must record the question which has recently been
agitated in the provisional government of Lahore,
namely, whether or not the young Maharaja
DLIELEEP is to receive the advantages of an English
education. Unhappily the proposition has for the
time been abandoned in consideration of certain reli-
gious prejudices prevalent among the inhabitants of
the Punjaub, and likewise in consequence of a defi-
ciency of revenue.
Travelling in imagination from this metropolis, in
a totally opposite direction, we discern in the ac-
counts arriving from the United States a vague pro-
bability of a conclusion to the warfare that has been so
long desolating the provinces of Mexico. The usual
exaggeration is of course perceptible in the braggart
narratives of native prowess and:generalship contained
in the Yankee newspapers. According to these vain-
glorious scribblers, SANTA ANNA has yielded to the
inferior numbers but the superior determination of the
men commanded by old ZACHARY TAYLOR ; accord-
ing to them, also, the disturbances which recently
prevailed in California have been suppressed ; Vera
Cruz and the Castle of San Juan d'Ulloa, with a gar-
rison of four thousand men, have been delivered into
the hands of the American assailants, under General
SCOTT, and the capital of Chihuahua has at last capi-
tulated to the division of Colonel DONIPIIAN. Not to
mention the circumstance of these incredible assurances
having been preceded by a hiatus of nine days alto-
gether unaccounted for, we must observe that the
statements received from New York are so flagrantly
contradictory, and so ludicrously incongruous, that it
is impossible to place any reliance whatever upon the
accuracy of the American dispatches until they shall
have been confirmed by others coming directly
from the Mexican frontier.

While these remarkable events are presumed to be
occurring on the opposite shores of the Atlantic, a
very fortunate charge is visible in the political tem-
perament of the Iberians. Scarcely has Queen Ise,-
BELLA scattered the Afrancesado faction derisively
to the winds, and invoked the loyalty of the Spanish
multitude than Queen MARIA DA GLORIA releases
herself from the thraldom of her evil adviser.

The propositions forwarded to Lisbon by Lord
PALMERSTON have at length met with the cordial ac-
ceptance of the Lusitanian SOVEREIGN. All differ-
ences are, by the English intervention, to be amicably
arranged between the NONARCII and the people of
Portugal. Civil war in that kingdom may already
be counted among the bygones, and there is every
reasonable probability that the Junta of Oporto will
waive all exorbitant demands for the satisfaction of
granting tranquillity and constitutional freedom to
their countrymen. Not merely is the Saldanha

Ministry dismissed, but an entirely new one, under
the direction of ILDEFOINSO LEOPOLDO BAYARD, as
head of the Department for Foreign Affairs, has
been formed by the personal exertion and selection of
MARIA DA GLORIA herself. A termination to the

woes that have been during so many months inflicted
upon the Portuguese through the obstinacy of the
Court party may, therefore, be confidently antici-
pated ; and it must never be forgotten that whatever
advantages arise from the settlement of the late ani-
mosities will be attributable, first, to the justice of the
popular clamour; secondly, to the decisive conduct of
the Junta of Oporto; thirdly, to the courage, the ardour,
and the perseverance of the insurgent commanders
DAs ANT" SA DA BANDEIRA, and their subordinate
assistants, and, finally, to the well-timed and judicious
interposition of the British Government.
Before dismissing the consideration of the state in
which the various foreign dominions in the two he-
mispheres are placed, it must be recorded that matters
continue quite as unsettled as ever in countries bor-
deirsiunrgdon the river Plata. In Turkey, moreover, the
m sublimeerpstaonrtdeinagndstKng
illiremoaiTnsounadEjffusotretds baeretvsm'eaenkitnhge
for the tranquillisation of Kurdistan, but otherwise the
Ottoman Government i.sesncn Consolatory
ompassed with difficulties,
both Grecian and Ru.-iasho e of the
news is
rs
arriving, however, from the opposite
Levant,—news of a more consolatory character than
that of territorial aggrandisement or diplomatic suc-
cess—the approaching corn and rice harvests of
Egypt promise to be unusually prolific. 'With
this encouraging announcement we conclude our
summary.

Mr. WATSON' deserves much credit for the persever-
ance and energy he has exhibited in bringing before

the country the various abuses that still exist in
our Courts of Law, with a view to their correc-
tion and amendment. Much has of late years been
done ; extensive and valuable alterations have been
introduced, and each succeeding year has seen
some of the remaining impurities swept away and
abolished. But much still remains to be effected—
there is still a wide field and ample opportunities for
the labour of legal reformers. It is not merely in the
principles of the law that these changes are required.
There are many points in the practice, in the manner
in which its machinery is brought into operation,
apparently of trivial importance in themselves, which
practically are productive ofconsiderable inconvenience,
and which, in many instances, amount to a denial of
justice to the suitor. The number and amount of
the fees demanded in every stage of the proceedings
—both at law or in equity—may be enumerated as
among the more prominent of these grievances
No matter how well-founded may be the claim of the
injured party, he is prevented from seeking redress
unless he is prepared to advance large sums for the
payment of those fees, which he must, under the
most favourable circumstances, be satisfied to lie
out of for a considerable period. The poor man's
progress is arrested at the very threshold of the temple
of justice. There is no entrance for him unless he
is prepared to pay heavy perquisites to the greedy
janitors by whom the portal is guarded. But this is
not all ; there are many bars, at each of which a
heavy toll is demanded before the seeker for justice
is suffered to proceed on his journey. Even if
dragged before the tribunals by unjust and un-
warranted claims, he is not permitted to defend
himself unless he is prepared to comply with the
extortionate demands made upon his purse. If he
does not appear he is condemned by default, and
perhaps deprived of his property, or made to expiate
faults of which he was never guilty. If he
appears he must pay, and that heavily,
before he is allowed to answer the charge.
It is not merely an amount sufficient to pay the ex-
penses attendant on the administration of justice
that is levied from the pockets of the suitors, but
considerable sums are each year paid into the na-
tional exchequer. in the Court of Chancery alone
no less than a quarter of a million sterling ie annually
abstracted from the litigants ; while from the other
law courts, in the three years ending in 1843, after
payment of the salaries of officers, and the amount of
compensations, more than 100,0001. sterling were ap-
plied to the general purposes of the country. Surely
such a state of things should not be sanctioned or
tolerated. A sweeping and efficient measure of re-
form should promptly be enacted, and the entire
system of fees forthwith abolished.
Every British citizen surrenders a certain portion
of his natural liberty in return: for the protection
afforded by the State to his person and property—he
submits to many restrictions for the common weal—
he contributes according to his means to the general
expense—is taxed in almost every possible manner, but
the moment he calls upon the nation to perform its part
of the contract to afford him redress, he is totally
denied that protection, unless he pays largely for it.
The justice that should be open to every claimant, to
the poor as well as to the rich, is withheld until it is
purchased by the suitor.
These fees are relics of the olden time, when
jobbing pervaded every portion of the State
machine. Friends, relatives, or dependents of the
leading members of the predominant party were to be
provided for. Sinecures were created, new fees were
levied from the public to make up the necessary
amount. A payment by fees was always preferred
to a fixed salary. There were not in those bygone
days so many prying and inquisitive legislators who
would find out the aggregate amount of those much-
loved fees. It would not do to have a prothonatory
or clerk receiving, for trifling duties, a certain
sum, exceeding the amount payable to the chief
judge of the court o f which he was an infe-
rior officer ; but let him be remunerated by fees,
and it could easily he managed. There need, then,
be no assignable limits to the amount which he might
extract from the pockets of the people. This prac-
tice, of late years, has been materially checked ;
almost all the officers are now paid by fixed salaries,
but still the fees are levied and collected, and mani-
fold opportunities for peculation are still permitted
to exist. We trust that the Select Committee, last
night conceded to Mr. WATSON, will by their report
expose all the abuses of the system, and tend to its
total and permanent abolition.

Intelligence has been received from Lisbon of the
29th of April.
The QUEEN has accepted the terms proposed by
the British Government, and Colonel WYLDE left
Lisbon on the 29th for St. Übes, to put a stop to
further hostilities. A complete amnesty is extended
to all, so that not only the leaders of the Junta forces
but the prisoners of Torres Vedras will be enabled to
return to Lisbon. If the terms are not accepted
there will be an armed intervention by England in
support of the QUEEN. The following Ministerial
appointments have been made :

Finance and, ad interim, Marine and Colonies—
Count ToJAL.

Interior—FRANCISCO TAVARES DE ALMEIDA
PROENCA.

Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs MANOEL
DUARTE LEITAO.

Foreign Affairs and, ad interim, War—lLDEroNso
LEOPOLDO I3AYARD•

There remain two places to be filled up.
This is a coalition ➢Ministry. TOJAL, one of the
old Ministers, has always been in favour of accepting
the terms proposed by Lord PALMERSTON ; BA-
YARD is not of very decided political opinions.
LEITAO is a moderate Septembrista ; and PROENCA,
a moderate Chartist.

The news from Oporto is to the 29th. All was
quiet there, and SALDANUA had not moved from his
old quarters. Cesar, and his troops have definitively
evacuated the province of Tras• os-Montes. A
corvette, of twenty guns, belonging to the blockading
squadron, had surrendered to the Junta ; she is called
the Eighth of July. The Falcon steamer was load-
ing with wine for London, intending to force the
blockade. The capture of the Royal Tar by the
Junta's steamer Mindello was known at Oporto. It
is said that the Junta will not accept
any terms of accommodation unless their troops
are allowed to garrison Lisbon and Oporto as gua-
rantees against any future coup d'etat. The troops of
the Junta occupy the provinces of Tras os-Montes
and the Minho. The Jackal steamer has been sent
to Viana to release the British shipping detained
there by the Governor of the Castle.

The Oporto Bank has been compelled to make good
by monthly instalments the remainder of the forced
loan of 200 contos.

Madrid journals of the 29th ult. have arrived.

A deputation, consisting of OLOZAOA, MENDIZABAL,
CORTINA, and other Progressista leaders, waited on
the QUEEN on the 28th, to petition her MAJESTY to
extend the benefit of the amnesty to ESPARTEBO.
The QUEEN replied that personally she desired union,
but that the question must be referred to the Council
of Ministers. The dignity of Grandee of
Spain has been conferred, together with
the title of Duke of SARAGOSSA, on the
son of General PALAFOX. The Committee in
the case of A VIRINETA and Cuico have determined
to recommend the Chamber to pass the Bill of In-
demnity demanded by the Government, abstaining,
however, at the same time, from giving any opinion
as to the legality of their arrest.
MADRID BOLSA, AFRIL 29.—The Three per Cents.
were done at 311, for cash ; the Five per Cents. at
19 ; the Debt, without interest, at si; and the
Coupons at 16.

We have received the Paris papers of Tuesday.
In the Chamber of Deputies, on Monday, a letter
of General CtiIIIERES was read, accusing the Ministry
of corruption. This letter had been produced in the
course of a process still pending before the courts of
law, and the attention of the Chamber was directed
to it by M. MURET DE BORD.
On this subject the Siecle says— _ _

" We quoted yesterday a correspondence, in which a Peer
of France, a Lieutenant-General, a former Minister (General
Cubiires),, and, subsequently, a shareholder in a mining com-
pany, declares that the Government is placed in corrupt and
rapacious hands;' that, in order to insure the success of a
legitimate claim, it had been necessary to obtain the inte-
rested support of one of the members of the Council;' and
that he (the General) ' had it in his power to
secure that support if the company would consent
to sacrifice fifty shares.' That fact was denounced
to the Chamber of Deputies on Monday by M.

Muret de Bord. The indignation was too general, and I
the scandal too flagrant, to permit the Ministry to remain
silent. M. Dumon accordingly announced, in a solemn tone,
that the facts should be legally investigated. Messrs.
L' Liebe tte and Cremieux contended that the Ministry should
not confine itself to a mere judiciary prosecution, and that
more signal reparation was required. They, however, ob-
served that the Administration had itself excited those cu-
pidities, and to a certain extent justified those suspicions, by
professing and practising the doctrine of ' material interests.'
' Ministers,' said M. Cremieux, 'had voluntarily exposed po-
litical men to temptation, to distrust, and to calumnies, when
they ejected a proposition having for its object to exclude
members of both Chambers from all participation in enter-
prises within the gift of the Government.' After having elo-
quently dwelt upon those
in the
M. Cremieux deposited
the following proposition the hands of the President :
No member of either Chamber shall be lessee or adminis-
trator of any railroad concession or any other concession,made
in virtue of the law or by the Government.'
The Presse makes this accusation one of the
grounds of a violent attack upon the Ministry.
The Debats thus drily announces the intention of
the Ministry :
"As to the incident which occurred at the commencement
of the sitting with respect to the letters of General Despans
Cubires, Minister of War, of the Cabinet of Ist of March, we
shall content ourselves by indicating it. These letters were
produced in a process still pending before the Tribunal of
First Instance. The infamous imputations they contain will
be cleared up. The guilty parties, whoever they may be, will
not escape the punishment they merit. The Ministry has taken
an engagement to bring these dark intrigues before justice—
it is all that it can do, and it will do it. We congratulate the
Hon. M. Muret de Bord on having elicited the explanations
of the Government."

The National and the Courrier Francais have also
articles on the same subject. The article in the latter
journal concludes with the following address to the
Ministry :
" Ali, you who are accused of having sold your support
for forty-five shares in a mining concern, what would you
not do at this rate if your support was put up to auction, to
deliver your country to a foreign Power? Do you forget
that venality on so mean a scale is more ignominious than
treason ?"

Several of the journals hare rather long leading ar-
ticles on the' Russian investment in the foreign funds,
which the RVornfe quaintly characterises as a new
invasion of the civilised world by Cossacks in the
shape of metal.

According to a return presented to the Chamber of
Deputies on Monday by the Minister of Marine, no
fewer than 111 sailing ships of war had been built in
France from 1830 to 1846, namely, 6 ships of the
line, 24 frigates, 28 corvettes, 24 brigs, and 34
smaller vessels. The number of steamers constructed
during the same period amounted to 70, namely, 4
large frigates of 450 to 540 horse-power, 14 frigates
of 450 ditto, 2 corvettes of 300 to 400 ditto, 13 of
220 ditto, 30 of 160 ditto, and 7 of 120 ditto.

In the course of the debate in the Chamber on
Monday the Minister of Marine, in allusion to the
French fleet in the Mediterranean, said—
" At no former period has France sent to sea a squadron
in which the least of the ships is a 100-gun ship, a squadron
which reckons three three-deckers, that is, three ships of the
greatest power, and to which we took care to attach as
many steamers of 450 horse-power as there are ships; so
that, at the same instant, the Commander.in-Chief of that
naval force can employ a 450 horse-power steamer to tow
each of those large ships. Thus, the most imposing float-
ing mass, a 120-gun ship, was never rendered more efficient,
more adapted to resist all the difficulties of the sea and
weather, and better able to proceed with rapidity to the
points where it might be necessary to make a demonstra-
tion."

General NARVAEZ is expected in Paris on Friday.
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on
Tuesday at 78f. 15c. ; the Five per Cents., 115 f. 95c. ; the
Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,233 f. 75e ; Rouen, 946 f. 25c. ;
Havre, 667 f. 50c ; Great Northern, 615 E ; Avignon, 767 f.
50c. ; Vierzon, 581 f. 25c. ; Bordeaux, 512 f. 50c. ; Basle,
193 f. 75c. ; Paris and Strasburg, 426 f. 25c. ; Tours and
Nantes, 4171. 50c. ; Paris and Lyons, 432 f. 50c. ; Lyons and
Avignon, 450 E ; Bordeaux and Cette, 4421. 50e.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, MAY 5.
Anglo-Belgian, 3—Central of France (Orleans and Vier-
zon), 143/—Northern of France, 12—Paris and Lyons, 474
—Paris and Strasbourg, 1?8.

THE -UNITED STATES
AND MEXICO.

(BY SPECIAL EXPRESS.)

LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY MORNING, 6 O'CLOCK

Since the departure of the mail last night, at:eight
o'clock, we have had two arrivals from the United
States—the Prince Albert last night, and the Arcole
Captain lloodless, the former with papers to the 9th,
and the latter to the 14th. The news brought by
the Arcole is of great importance, and details the
bombardment and capture of the Castle of San Juan
d'Ulloa, with the loss on the side of the Mexicans
of 1,000, and 15 Americans killed and 50 wounded.
The character of the commercial news is not ma-
terially changed since the former advices were re-
ceived. Money was easy, freights were lower,
business very brisk, and the people of the Union full
of activity and good humour, at the prospect of
realising a large amount of dollars, and of their trade
with Europe, and the glory obtained in their conflict
with the republic of Mexico.
There had been several arrivals out at New York
and Boston, with later intelligence from England,
and although the accounts conveyed out reported a
declining market in grain, holders seemed disinclined
to press sales till the arrival of advices by the Cam-
bria, which was anxiously looked for.

The Hudson was quite open, and large quantities
of flour and grain were passing down from Albany
and the west to New York, for exportation to
Europe. Large amounts of bullion continued to ar-
rive out at New York, and advices of further ship-
ments had been received at the chief commercial cities
of the Union.

(From the Times.)

CAPTURE OF VERA CRUZ AND SAN JUAN
D'ULLOA.

We have received a copy of the New York Journal
of Commerce of the 16th ult., which was furnished
to our correspondent at Plymouth by a pilot, who
obtained it from an American packet bound to
Havre.

The following extracts from the Journal of Com-
merce leave no doubt as to the capture of Vera Cruz
and the Castle of San Juan d'Ulloa by the American
force under General Scott, though in the absence of
the intermediate papers between the 7th, the latest
previous date, and the 16th ult., we are unable to
furnish our readers with any details of the operations
in question :
" AN AVALANCHE OF VICTORIES.
" On the Ist day of the present month we published
the first authentic intelligence of the battle of Buena
Vista, in which General Taylor, with 5,000 men, de-
feated Santa Anna, with 20,000. Since that date, we
have announced the recapture of Los Angelos, which
had risen against the new authorities in California, and
the re-establishment of American rule throughout that
territory. Also the defeat and dispersion of the insur-
gents in New Mexico. Also the unconditional sur-
render of Vera Cruz and the Castle of San Juan d'Ulloa,
with 4,000 troops, to the American forces under General
Scott. And, lastly, the capture of Chihuahua, capital
of the state of the same name, by a force under Colonel
Doniphan. Such a succession of victories (two of them
most important) is something new in our annals, and it
is to be hoped may had the Mexican Government, if
there be such a Government, to treat for peace. If,
however, it should beget in the minds of our people a
thirst for military glory, it will prove to be the greatest
calamitywhich ever betel us. Peace is our element, and
without it we cannot expect permanently or long con-
tinued prosperity. If Mexico should now be inclined to
negotiate, we trust our Government will do itself the
honour to offer liberal terms, such as will show to the
world that as this war came upon us unexpectedly, and
contrary to our most ardent wishes, so it has been pro-
secuted, not for territorial aggrandizement, nor to de-
mproemsseantwseinaliceerit pborwokeer,obuuttwbheecnaumseexthiceorewhoausldnoltisbteenentao
propositions for peace, although overtures for that object
hare been repeatedly tendered.'

(From the Washington Union.)
MILITARY APPOINTMENTS.
The President, as will be perceived in the announce-
ment in this day's paper, has filled the vacancies occa-
sioned by the declination of General Benton and General
Cumming to aecept the command of Major-Generals in
the army of the United States, by appointment of Bri-
gadier-Generals Pillow and Quitman, of the Volunteers
now serving in Mexico. They have both had the ad•
vantage of the experience of near a year's active service
in Mexico, and, we learn, are esteemed in the army as
among the most valuable officers in the service. General
Pillow has performed valuable services in the field, and
was among the most conspicuous officers of the army in
the recent bombardment and siege of the city of Vera
Cruz and Castle of San Juan d'Ulloa. He was selected
by General Scott as one of the three officers under his
command to adjust with the enemy the terms of sur-
render. General Quitman acted most gallantly at the
battle of Monterey. There is
a peculiar propriety in
malting promotions to these important commands from
the volunteer service. The promotion of Colonel
Cushing, who now commands a regiment of volunteers
in Mexico, to be a brigadier-general of volunteers,
is also well deserved. Ile is a man of distin-
guished talents, and has exhibited great patriotism in
his late exertions to raise the Massachusetts regiment
of volunteers. Thus the country will perceive that the
Administration is organizing the army to its full com-
plement of officers. It is not enough to gain a victory
—we must fully profit by it. No man will complain of
the want of energy in the Administration. The war will
be prosecuted with the utmost vigour until the object has
been accomplished, by securing au hvuourabla peace.

The Philadelphia correspondent of the Journal of
Commerce writes as follows :

" The illumination next Monday will be on the most
extensive scale. All the districts have followed the lead
of the city, and made appropriations for the purpose.
We have had no general illumination here since La
Fayette's visit, twenty odd years ago."
The New Orleans Commercial Times of the 7th
ultimo, has the following late intelligence from
Mexico :

"'We have been permitted to peruse several private
letters, of a very late date, from the city of Mexico,
written by persons of the highest respectability, and
whose sources of information are ample. They state as
a matter of positive certainty, that negotiations for
peace between the United States and Mexico are under
advisement, and that the return of Santa Anna, who
was hourly expected, would be the signal for the com-
mencement of overtures."

The New Orleans Delta of the same date adds—

"La Patria has received a letter dated Tampico,
March 24, 1847, from which we make the following ex-

ract

" 'Private letters from the capital, written on the night
of the 18th, state that General Santa Anna has just ar-
rived in that city. It is also stated that the revolution
against the administration of Gomez Farias bad at length
been terminated in a favourable manner to the Govern-
ment, and that Generals Pena, Barragan, and Salas,
who were the heads of the opposition to Gomez Farias,
had been shot. Ido not know if this last information
be correct. We are anxiously awaiting the mail to con-
firm or negative the report.' "
The subjoined intelligence respecting a State loan
is from the correspondence of the Journal of Com-
merce :

" WASHINGTON, APRIL 14.

" The loan was rated yesterday, and the bidders
notified of the acceptance of their proposals. Con-
coran and Riggs; og this city, obtained fourteen millions '
and seven hundred thousand dollars, at one-eighth
of one per cent. advance. Elisha Riggs, of New
York, obtained one million four hundred thousaed
dollars, at the same rate. Of the remaining
sum nineteen hundred thousand dollars about
two hundred thousand dollars was taken in this city, at
about a quarter of one per cent, advance. The rest is
scattered among individuals, trustees, &c.. at a quarter,
half, and one, and even two per cent. The premium
does not average half of one per cent., nor even a
quarter. The New Yorkers bid at par, or less than
one-eighth advance, except Mr. Elisha Riggs, as above
stated. Conccran and Riggs have sold some portion of
their stock at two-and-a• half per cent advance. The
Secretary of the Treasury will call in the whole of the
loan, but at such times as the money may be wanted;—
thus saving interest, and avoiding any disturbance of the
money market by the sudden withdrawal of such an
amount in specie. If there should be peace with Mexico,
in the course even of thirty days, still the expenses of
the war will be continued for at least two or three years.
If we do not retain the military possession of the country,
with a very 1 irge force, we shall soon find that we shall
have the whole work to do over again. The revenue
harvest, now so rich that it will yield by estimate
30,000,000 between Ist December last and Ist December
next, may not be so good the next year. There is
reason to suppose that the present halcyon times will
not continue for ever. So, after all, the New Yorkers may
have been right in declining to bid above par for the loan.
The Secretary of the Treasury calculates, as I learn, upon
a revenue of $15,000,000 from the "military contri-
butions" imposed upon Mexico, for the first year, after the
opening of the Mexican ports to trade. I consulted one or
two men here, who were, for a long time, resident mer-
chants in different parts of Mexico, as to the prospects
of revenue from the system lately adopted, and was
assured that, by the Ist of January next, the imports
into Mexico, under the rates of duty fixed by the Trea-
sury order, would, in all probability, amount to
6,000,000. Should the war continue, this sum will help
to defray its expenses. Even should it cease, I presume
it will be stipulated in the treaty that we shall continue
to collect and retain these revenues for a certain length
of time—during the whole time that we may be obliged
to sustain a military force in Mexico, with a view to
enforce the fulfilment of the terms of any treaty of peace.

In New Jersey the grain and hay crops are healthy,
and instead of being frozen up as reported, the wheat
and rye fields present an unprecedented appearance
of fertility.
At Boston, on the 14th, the ship Morea cleared out
with breadstuffs, valued at 21,500 dolls., for the relief
committee at Glasgow.