The Sun.
London, England, 1847-02-26 00:00:00

PAELIAMEN TARY BUSINESS.

(From the Votes and Proceedings of the House of Commons.)
WEDNESDAY, FEB. 24.
The following Railway Bills were presented, read a first
time, and ordered to be read a second time:—
Great Northern (Deviations between London and Grantham.)
Eastern Counties (Enlargement of London and Stratford
Stations, and Amendment of Acts).
Edinburgh and Northern, and Edinburgh, Leith, and Gran-
ton Amalgamation.
Direct London and Portsmouth, Brighton and Chichester,
London, Brighton, and South Coast, and London and
South-Western.
Leeds and Thirsk (fur supplying Water to Leeds, &c.)
York and Newcastle (Hartlepool Dock and Railway, and
Great North of England, Clarence and Hartlepool Junc-
tion Railway:, Lease and Purchase).
York and Newcastle (Wearmouth Dock Enlargement).
York and Newcastle, Newcastle and Berwick, and North
British Amalgamation.
Coventry, Nuneaton, Birmingham. and Leicester.
London anel North-Western (Kenilworth to Berkswell,
Branches and Extensions, c.c.)
London and North-Western (Coventry and Nuneaton
Branches).
London and North-Western (fi.therstone and Whitacre
Branch).
The following Railway Bills were read a second time, com-
mitted, and reterred to the Committee of Selection :
East Lancashire (Southport Branch and Preston Extension).
East Lancashire (Burnley Connecting Line).
East Lancashire (Deviations and Raw tenstall Coal Branch).
East Lancashire (Bury to Manchester).
Eastern Union and Ipswich and Bury St. Edmund's Amal.
gamation.
Great Northern (Hertford, Hatfield, and St. Alban's Branch).
Great Northern (Deviations besween Grantham and York).
Great Northern (Deviations between Peterborough, Boston,
and Doncaster).
Sheffield, Rotherham, Barnsley, Wakefield, Huddersfield, and
Goole (Partial Alteration of Levels, &c.).
Eastern Counties (Hertford to Hitchin).
Edinburgh and Northern (Burntisland Pier, &c.).
Boston, Stamford, and Birmingham (Wisbech to Sutton
Bridge, &e )
Boston, Stamford, and Birmingham (Branch to Wisbech
Harbour and Wisbech Harbour Improvement).

STANDING ORDERS COMMITTEE.
The following Resolutions were reported from the above
Committee :-
1. That in the case of the London and North-Western
Railway (Portobello and Wolverhampton Branch, &c.)
petition, the standing orders ought to be dispensed with:—
That the parties be permitted to proceed with their Bill, on
the insertion of a Clause restraining them from taking any
part of land numbered 99, in the parish of Wolverhampton.
of which land Mr. Thomas Woodward is lessee.
2. That in the case of the Blandford and Bruton Railway
petition, the standing orders ought to be dispensed with :
That the parties be permitted to proceed with their Bill, on
the insertion of a Clause restraining them from taking an
orchard, No. 40, in the parish of Biandford Forum, and also
the cottage, No. 73, in the same parish.
That the Committees on the two preceding Bilbs do exa-
mine, in the first place, how tar such orders have been com-
plied with ' • and do report the same to the House on the re-
port of the Bills.
3. That in the case of the East Lancashire Railway
(Clitheroe, Mitton, and Padiham Branches) petition, the
standing orders ought to be dispensed with :—That the par-
ties be permitted to proceed with their Bill.
4. That in the case of the Thorne and Crowle Moors
Drainage and Improvement petition, the standing orders
ought to be dispensed with :—That the parties be permitted
to proceed with their Bill.
5. That in the case of the Great Northern Railway (Branch
to Horncastle and to Brayford Mere, Lincoln) petition, the
standing orders ought to be dispensed with.
6. That in the case of the Taw Valley Railway and Doak
petition, the standing orders ought to be dispensed with:—
That the parties be permitted to proceed with their Bill.
7. That in the case of the Kingsnorton, Northfield, &c.,
Rates petition, the standing orders ought to be dispensed
with :—That the parties be permitted to present their Bill, -.
Resolutions agreed
NOTICES GIVEN AT TIIE PRIVATE BILL-OFFICE.
The following Railway Bills are appointed to be read a
second time :

MONDAY, MARCH 1.
Newry and Enniskillen.
Newmarket and Chesterford (Extension to Bury St. Ed-
mund's, with a Branch to Ely).
Taw Vale Railway and Dock (Deviations and Bideford and
South Holton Branches).
TUESDAY, MARCH 2.
Cork and Bandon. _

Cork, Blackrock, and Passage.
Dublin and Drogheda (Purchase of Navan Branch, &c.)
Great Western (Amendment and Extensions).
PETITIONS oN PRIVATE BILLS.
HOUSE OF COMMONS.
(Room 22, before Mr. Examiner Slum)
uxonrosED LIST.
Torbay and Brixhamb Deep Sea Harbour of Refuge and
Life' and Fire Insurance Company.—No
DoAckg
appearance. Cedatwtliet
Wexford and Valencia Railway (Killarn.e—yptoartVableena:dial.
rCcult°ulnrisPtii
No appearance.
o—uNntoietsc
jomunpeltieiodnwnitahi.lway
Belfast Improvement Acts Amendment
and Pier
ad-
journed till to-morrow.
eaangdh
EDaraatienrang
Co .
Lough
hicNh
(from Harwich to the Eastetn Union Railway
—Not complied with. at Ardleigh).

London Sewage Chemical Manure Company.—Complied
with.

Itathmines Improvement.—Not complied with.
Tyne Docks.—Not complied with.
oPPOSID LIST.

Ipswich and Bury St. itlttllid":3ii;ilway (No. 4—Branch
fr,m Stowmarket to Sudbury).—Opposition withdrawn.
Complied with.
Mold Railway (from Mold to join the Chester and Holy-
head Railway ).—Form al proofs taken.
KILMARNOCK AND AYR DISTRICT RAILWAY.
This adjourned opposed case occupied the rest of the days
but ne allegations were sustained. Further adjourned.
(Room 23, before Mr. Examiner MAT.)
UNOPPOSED LIST. . . .

Charing-eross Bridge:Zit:lls Bill is withdrawn.
In the following cases the customary formal proofs were
completed :
South Wales Railway (Deviations, Branches, andAlnend•
meet).
Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverharepton Railway (No.
Extension and Amendment).
Staffordshire Potteries Waterworks.
Edinburgh end Glasgow, Dionkland and Eirkintillooh.
Ballochney and Shunannan Railways tainalsometion.
Salo or Iva" _

5

London and North-Western Railway (Lime-street, Liver-
pool, Station Extension and Branch Tunnel; Crewe Station
Extension and Amendment of Acts).

Liverpool Guardian Gas Company.
Great Indian Peninsula Raiiw.iy Company (for making a
railway from Bombay to Alleh, with extensions to Mhure
and the Pera River, and branches or extensions to Sholapoor,
Hyderabad, Kandeish, Indore, and Hoshurgabad, and else-
where).
Swansea and Amman Junction Railway (lines from
Yaisymond to Nantrnelyn, and thence to Yuislomlyd and
Guaun Cae Gurwen Colliery and Cwinannan).
Wexford Free Bridge (building of new bridge and removal
of present bridge across the River Slaney at Wexford).
OPPOSED LIST.
SOUTH DEVON
ARMAIELWAY EXTENSION AND
ND 111 EN..

The several allega•fons in this opposed case were sustained.
Standing orders not complied with.

FOREIGN RAILWAYS.

Some further details have appeared in the French
railway paper (the Journal des Chemins de Per) respect-
ing the progress of this system of cemmunication on the
continent of Europe, the present account being confined
to the enumeration of the undertakings which have been
. constructed and opened for the accommodation of goods
and passenger traffic M the German states.
According to this statement, three railways were con-
structed and brought into operation before the year
1833, but these were worked by horses. These lines
were, the Budweis to Germunde (Austria), opened in
1825, 68 kilometres; the Prague to Lahna, opened in
1830, 57 kilometres; and the Budweis to Linz, op,ned
is 1832, 129 kilometres. The first railways spun which
locomotive power was used were the Nuremberg to
Furth (Bavaria), opened in 1835, 7 kilometres in length;
the Vienna to Wagrarn (Austria), opened in 1837, 17
kilometres; the Berlin to Potsdam (Prussia), opened in
1833, 26 kilometres; and the Leipsic to Dresden (Sax-
ony), opened in 1839, 117 kilometres. It will, therefore,
be seen that up to the close of the lest-mentioned year,
Germany possessed 421 kilometres of railways completed
and opened for traffic.
In 1840 the lines brought into operation were the
Mayerce to Frankfort-on-the-Maine. 44 kilometres in
length; the Waeram to Brunn (Austria), 116 kilo-
metres; the Magdeburg to Leipsic (Prussia). 118 kilo-
metres; the Manheim to Heide.bur; (Grand Duchy of
Baden), the Munich to Augsburg (Bavaria), 60
krho-
metres. In 1841 an additional 442 kilometres of rail-
way were opened. These included the commencement
of the Trieste line from Vienna to Neustadt, 50 k,lO-
- ; the Stokeran branch, 23 kilometres ; the Dus-
seldorf to Elberfell (Rhenish Prussia), 26 kilometres ;
the Berlin to Coethen (Prussia), 152 kilometres : the
Cologne to Aix-la Chapelle (Rhenish Prussia), 65 ki.
lometres ; the Landenbu:g to Olmutz (Austria), 80 ki-
lometres ; and the Brunswick to Harburg, 46 kilometres.
In the year 1842, the total length of railways opened
in Germany increased from 1,220 kilometres to 1,450
kilometres, by the addition of 185 kilometres, of which
25 kilometres were contributed by the open'rig of the
Neustadt to Gloggnitz (Austria line ; 20 kilometres by
the Hamburg to Bergedorf line ; 40 kilometres by the
Breslau to Brieg (Prussian Silesia) line ; $4 kilometres
by the Berlin to Frankfort-upon-Oder (Prussia) lines
and 20 kilometres by the Leipsic to Altenburg line
The lines opened in 1843 were the Altenburg to Krim-
mitzschau (Saxony), 30 kilometres; the Heidelburg to
Carlsruhe (Baden), 75 kilometres; the Brieg to Oppeln
(Prussian Silesia), 42 kilometres; the Oscherleben to
Wolfenbuttel (Brunswick), 62 kilometres; the Magde-
burg to llalberstadt (Prussia). 40 kilometres; the
Berlin to Stettin (Prussia), 135 kilometres; and the
Aix-la-Chapelle to the Belgian frontier (Rhenish Prus-
sia), 20 kilometres.
In 1844 the lines opened were the Cologne to Bonn
(Rhenish Prussia). 30 kilometres ; the Carlsruhe to
Rastadt (Baden), 20 kilometres; the Rastadt to Oos
(Baden), 10 kilometres ; the Hanover to Brunswick
(Hanover), 60 kilometres ; the Oos to Offenburg-
Kehl (Baden), 40 kilometres ; the Frankfort-upon-
Main to Darmstadt (Hesse), 20 kilometres; the Bam-
_

berg to Nuremberg '(Bavaria), 36 kilometres ; the
31irzaschlay to Graetz (Austria), 95 kilometres ; and
the Breslau to Frey berg-Schweidnitz (Prussian Sile-
sia), 57 kilometres. In 1845 the lines opened were the
Olmutz to Prague (Austria), 293 kilometres ; the
Krimmitzschau to Zwickau (Saxony), 14 kilometres ;
the Liegnitz Bonzlau (Prussian Mlesia), 45 kilo-
metres ; the Cronsta to Unter-turckheim (Wurtem-
berg), 3 kilometres ; the Leherte to Celle (Hanover),
30 kilometres ; the Cologne to Dusseldorf (Rhenish
Prussia). 25 kilometres ; the Dresd, n to Radeberg
(Saxony), 12 kilometres; the Gr_etz to Marburg, - outh
line (Austria), 45 kilomeres ; the Uffenberg to Frey-
berg (Baden), 61 kilometres ; and the Ridebcrg to
Bisehofswerda (Saxony), 20 kilometres. Up to the
end of this year the system of railway communication
through the German States had extended to 2,845 kilo•
metres.
Tha year 1846 showed still further progress, the
length of railway opened during that period being 1,315
kilometres. This extension included the section of the
Upper Silesian li; e beta een Kosel and Raribor, 28 kilo-
metres: the section of the Cologre to Minden line be-
tween Dusseldorf and Driesburg, 17 kilometres; the
section of the Northern Bavarian between Bamberg
and Lichteafels, 30 kilometres ; the conrismation Of
the Berin and Stettin line to Stargard, 35 kilo-
metre:. ; the junction between the Munch end
Aughburgh and Northern Bavarian hues, 3 kilo
metres ; the continuation of the Sax•m- Bavarian
to Reichenbach, 16 kiloir.etres ; the section of th.,
South Austrizn hoe la,:tween C;raetz and Cilly,
125 kiloinetre,, ; the section of the '1 hurinkte line,
from Weissenfela to Hille, 30 kilometre,; the continua-
tion of the Sazo- Silesian line from Bhtehofswerda to
Bautzen, 19 kilometres; the llauoverian state line be-
tween L-hrte and Ilidelsheim, 24 kilometres; the Darm-
stadt and Heidelburg lin., 88 kilometres; the Potsdam-
Magdeburg (Prussia), 118 kilometres; the part of the
lower Sib sian lime between Benzlan and Frankfort on-
tlie-aler, 166 kilernetres ; the Coetten-Beinburg tine, 20
kilometres; the Vienna•Bruck•upon-the-Seytlia, (Aus '
pie), 40 kilo netres; the branch of the Sagan to Glogow
(Prussian Silesia), 70 kilometres ; the section of
Berlin and Hamburgh grand line between Berlin and
Boizenbur4, 220 kilometres ; the Lichtewels to Neu-
macht, 40 kilometres ; the Stutgard to Constadt (IVur-
tembur,g), 18 kilometres ; the Koenigshmte to Myslowita
(Prussian Silesia), 18 kilometres ; the Leipnic to
Weiskirchen (Austria), 20 kilometres ; the Esslingen to
Plochingen (Wurtemburg), 9 kilometres ; the Boizen-
burg to Bergdorf (the Hamburgh to Berlin grand line),
30 kilometres ; the Batrz ,n to Labatt (Saxony), 60
kilometres ; and the Weimar to Weisserifels (the
Thuringe line), 70 kilometres ; making the total length
of railways opened in Germany up to the Ist of January,
1847, 4,130 kilometres, or about 1.030 leagues.

CORONER'S .INQUEST.
FATAL PRESCRIPTION.
Wednesday forenoon, at nine o'clock, Mr. Waklev and the
jury impanelled to investigate the death of Miss "Sarah E.
Collyer, aged twenty-two, the young lady alleged to have
died from the effects of an unauthorised medicine prescribed
for her by Dr. Cronin, re-assembled at the Wheatsheaf, High-
street, Camden-town, further to prosecute their inquiry. Dr.
Cronin was in attendance, accompanied by Mr. lennant, as
his professional adviser.
. Dr. Scoffern, who had been appointed to make a more
minute analysis of the mixture taken by. the deceased, and
also the bitter almond water used in its composition, was first
called, and made a minute technical report of the results of
his analysis, concluding with a declaration that if the medi-
cine had contained strychnia powder, as prescribed, it would
have been still more poisonous.
The Como :it--Will you state the result of your analysis
in plain terms to the jury? Dr. Scoffern—There were sixty
minims, or rather more than one drachm, of Pharmacopoeia
prussic acid, in one ounce of the mixture taken by deceased.
CORONER—How much would be a d se for an adult ? Dr.
Scoffern—We are ordered by the Pharmacopoeia not to give
more than fifteen minims, which is a very large dose. It
would be a difficult thing to say how much is a dose of coin-
pound strychnia powder. There is no compound powder of
strychnia mentioned in the British Pharmacopoeia.
. Mr. Weathers said he was present at the analysis, and
agreed with Dr. Scoffern in every particular. .
Dr. Venable) agreed generally with the statement of Dr.
Scoffern.
By the CoßoNzit.—l hold in my hand Dr. Cronin's prescrip-
tion. I have never prescribed bitter almond.rwustraTelti,
either externally or internally, but I have
have never seen it written in any prescription except acid.
's • I
never knew compound strychnia powder to be sd exceptu
by Dr. Cronin.
By Mr. Tennant—l have purchased some bitter almond
water at Mr.Franch's, the chemist, in Holborn, since the last
adjournment. It appears to he the same as that prescribed
by Dr. Cronin, and was labelled precisely is written in Dr.
Cronin's prescription, "aqua amygdalee amaree." It is quite
a harmless mixture ; a pens u might take two or three
ounces ef it without a.,:y ill eff cts.
Dr. Cronin—That is exactly- the point ; I d fly that the
mixture taken by the young flay, which caused tier death,
was the prescription I ordered.
Mr: Bell, the chemist, in all the main i:oints a,L;reed with
Dr. Scoffern as to the analvsisc•
After some further 'evidence, the Coroner asked Doctor
Cronin if he was desirous of making any statement to the
jury? Dr. Cronin said fie had the highest authorities for
using the bitter almond water in his prescription; end in
support of his statement, read extracts from Dr. Christian's
work on pois, ns, Dr. Thompssn's 6 New Edinburgh Phar-
macopoeia," Professor Braude, and the London Pharmaceu-
tical Journal. He declared, if physicians were to be bound
by the " British Pharmacopoeia, and nothing else, no im-
provement could ever take place in the science of medicine.
The ConowEn then, at very great length, proceeded to sum
up the evidence, and told the jury, that if they believed the
deceased.had died from the effects of the medicine, and that
it bad been prescribed without due and proper care, it would
be their duty to find a verdict of manslaughter against Dr.
Cronir.
The j my found a verdict of-3lanslaughter against Dennis
Cronin
The C•roner then made out his warrant of committal, and
Dr. (~Clain was conveyed to Newtrate in a cata

- - °me
brought to a arisinghear i n out of the Treaty of Utrecht was
A.ccordin gon Friday before the Cour Royale,
8 of the sl gto Arts 33 and 34 of the Treaty And Art.
Spain, the consuls oopvention of 1769 between France and
each nation are declared to be the legi-
timate administrav,
Mme,
it,hiairBnpt(hoeitrilreesflpttisivoefj uarlilmithiceti.r fellow-cOttn-
trymeng,?mintng
time a •
rtago, a rich
Spanish lons. A short
at her
Paris, leaving
The Spanish Consul procresidence propert lady, died in
left behind her, in ord.tr etVted to take po3s.seos: great value.
M. Pichard, an interested parratoyster it to the pauirlitieusf all
she
the property of the deceased ahi:ullit:erfered and insisetrelit lied.
to the common forms of law in France3-t inistered according
the Civil Tribunal, before which his claim' wuatsthe President of
that the Spanish Consul alone was entitled to tahkre°tutight,decreed
of the property, to dispose of it, and place the produce in
bands of a Spanish merchant, to be selected by
himself
in the
compliance with the treaty and convention above cimtelle in
was further decreed, that, of the effects, 7,500 f. should be
paid into the hands of M. Labaudy, notary, for the purpose
of defraying the expenses of the last illness and interment of
the deceased and other urgent claims upon the estate. M.
Piehard appealed against the first part (this decree, and the-
Consul against the second part. The Cour Royale dismissed
the appeal of M. Piohard, and admitted the validity of that
toadia ky 61 Cam!, declaring that all the' produce of the
effects of:thi-dec4ased should remain in bis hands, and that
it, bit-msg.:4lo hubs only to settle and pay the Ce)to apd other
alai= winter estate.— Galignani. .., ~ .

APPLICATION OF THE DRAIN-

AGE ACT.

The following elucidation of the Drainage Act is co-
pied from a recent number of the Gardener's Chronicle
and Agricultural Gazette. It will be found of very great
utility both to landlords and tenants.
1. So much misapprehension seems to prevail, both
with respect to the advantages resulting from borrow-
ing money under the provisions of the Land Drainage
Act, and also as to the proportion of the annual pay-
ments towards the extinction of such debts, which
proprietors and their tenants ought respectively to con-
tribute, that the succeeding observations may possibly
be acceptable to those of your readers who are inte-
rested in the subject. 2.—As everybody knows, the
Drainage Commissioners, in return for each 100/. ad-
vanced by them, are to receive an annual payment of
6/. 10s. for 22 years, on the expiry of which period the
debt is cancelled. Of this sum 6/. 10s., one half may be
regarded as simple interest at 3i per cent., while the other
moiety, if suffered to accumulate with compound interest
also at the rate of 31 per cent., will, immediately after
the 22d payment, amount to 109/. 3s. lid., and thus
somewhat more than extinguish the debt. (3.) The Act
being intended as a boon to the agricultural interest
generally, and by way of compensation for a measure
which the majority of that bod 3 looked upon as injurious
to them, its projectors unquestionably designed that all
concerned, both proprietors and tenants, should partici-
pate equally in the benefits resulting from it. These
benefits are of two kinds—first, such as arise from the

increased productiveness of the land; and, 2dly, those
consequent on the low rate of interest charged
by the Government for its loan. It is evident that
the advantages which the former class will ulti-
mately confer on proprietors, whose interest in
the soil is permanent, must be greater than those
derivable from them by tenants, during their tem-
porary occupancy of their farms; but as this result
is not peculiar to improvements effected by means
of the Government loan, his urn cessary to make any
further allusion to it in this place, and I shall, there-
torp, confine my-selr to pecuniary matters. (4.) A pro-
prietor can at present, on the security of his estate, and
without the aid of Government, borrow money at 4 per
cent-, and, very generally, ,charges bis tenant 1 per
cent. more than he himself pays. Part of this addi-
tional per tentage is necessarily expended in stamps and
legal documents ; but in order to make the ease appear
as favourable as possible to the proprietor, I shall as-
sume that he reaps the whole benefit arising from the
superfluous impost. Under these circumstances, his
account for each 1001. borrowed will, at the end of 22
years, stand thus:—
Sums borrowed ....A £loo 0 0
Value of an annuity of 1/. for 22 years at
3} per cent. paid by the t:-nant, and
_ _ _ _

therefore to be deducted from the above
sum

Balance still due by proprietor
If the annuity had been calculated at 4 per cent., the
unliquidated balance would have been 651. 15s. Old. (5.)
Compared with the details of the preceding system, the
advantage which accrues to the proprietor, and the profit
or loss to the tenant on each 1001. borrowed from Go-
vernment, varying as they necessarily do, with the share
of the annual payments which the parties severally con-
tribute, will appear from the fAlowing statements. As
an apology for the introduction of the first three cases,
I must mention that some proprietors have refused to
apply for a share of the loan, unless their tenants agree
to provide the whole of the annual payments. Case IV.
is understood to be the one prescribed for the benefit of
his Scotch tenants by the Duke of Richmond.
CASE I.—The tenant rated at 61 per cent.
At 33, per cent.—Gain to the proprietor by
the extinction of the balance due
on each 100 L as above (4)
Value of an annuity of 41. for 22
years gained by the proprietor in
consequence of the tenant paying,
the whole interest on the sum bor-
rowed, and, therefore, to be added
to the above 129 6 4

Total gain to the proprietor
Loss to the tenant by paying 64 per
cent. instead of 5 per cent, or 22
years, equal to an' annuity of
1/ lOs, for that period
At 4 per cent.—The proprietor's gain cal-
culated as before, would have
been 202 14 10
The tenant's loss wi,uld have been
CASE IL—The proprietor rated at per cent., and the

48 9 10.

tenant at 6 per cent.
At 34 per cent.—The proprietor's gain is 180 16 Si
The tenant's loss is 32 6 9
At 4 per cent.—The proprietor's gain is 185 13 44
The tenant's 1 .ss is 34 4 llf
CASE lll.—The proprietor rated et 1 per cent., the
tenant at 6i ver cent.
At 3} per cent.—The proprietor's gain is 164 13 2
The tenant's toss is l6 3 3}
At 4 per cent.—The proprietor's gain is 168 9 11
The tenant's loss is l7 2 6
CASE IV.—The proprietor rated at 14 per cent. the
tenant 5 per cent.
At 3i prr cent.—The proprietor's gain is 143 9 lei
At 4 p,r cent.— Do. do. . 151 7 5
As in this case, the tenant pays the same rate of in-
terp At a hich is demanded from him under the ordinary
sy,tein of borrowing money (4), he is, of course, neither
ben,tited nor otherwise ty th, (Awl Driiinage Act.
Casa V.--The prop6itor rated at 2 percent., the tenant

at 41 per cent. - •
At 3} per cent.—The proprietor'• gain is... £132 6 7
The tenant's gain, in p.iying 4i
instead of 5 p•'r cent., for 22 years,
equal to an annoi!y of 10s. for
that period

16 3 3i

Exceis of propriF tor's gain ... 116 3 33
At 4 per cent —The proprietor's gain 134 4 11
Teliant's gain, calculated as above... 17 2 6

Excess of proprietor's gain ... 117 2 5i
CASE Vl.—The pr prietor rated at 2 per cc-nt., the

tenant at 4 per cent.
At 3i per Cent.—The proprietor's gain is £ll6 3 3
The tenant's gain is 32 6 7

Excess of proprietor's gain
At 4 per cent.—The proprietor's gain is ll7 2 5;
The tenant's gain is , 34 4 11;

Excess of proprietor's gain
CASE VlL—The proprie'or rated at 3 per cent., the
t..nant at 3f per cent.
At 3i per cent.—The proprietor's gain is £lOO 0 0
The tenant's gum is

Excess of proprietor's gain ...... 51 10 1i
At 4 per cent.—The proprietor's gain is 100 0 0
TLe tenant's gain is

---
Excess of proprietor's gain
CASE VlM—The proprietor and ten.int each rated at
3} prr cent.

At 3i per cent.—The proprietor's gain is ....£9l 18 4,
The tenant's gain is

Excess or proprietor's gain
At 4 per cent.—The proprietor's gain
The tenant's gain is

35 6 10}
91 8 9
59 18 81

Excess of proprietor's gain
CASE IX —The pr. prietor ratud at 31 per cent., the

tenant at 3 per cent.

At 34 per cent.—The proprietor's gain is £B3 16 13
The tenant's gain is

Exc'ss of proprietor's gain
At 4 per cent.—The proprietor's gain is
The tenant's gain is

19 3 6,
82 17 6
68 9 114

Excess of proprietor's gain
CASE X.—The proprietor rated at 34 per cent., the
tenant at 21 p.r cent.

At 31 per cent.—The proprierOr gains £7s 15 61
The tenant gains

Excess of proprietor's gain ... 3 0 3
At 4 per cent —The proprietor gains 74 6 8;
The tenant gaits

Exeess cf tenant's gain
As the last Case nearly .goali-es the gain* of the pl
pelt for and tenant, it is needless to investiftate the eff l(ts
'.
of any of the other arrangement* which it might b P o -
sible to adopt. (6.) Ic determining the *Atari.; of thean-
raual paytaenta which a proprietor may, in justice, de-
max(' from a tenant, it roust be observed that theues-
tion- is not whether the latter can afford to pay 6i per
cent , or 6'per cent.. or 5 per cent., for money 4 xpended
on his farm? but is he, ni ci:ntributing at these rates,
benefited to the same extent by the Land I)e3inage Act,
as the former, &In) furneihes Either nothing, or only the
trifling residuary portion of the 6} per cent recinirEd by
Government? The preceding data show that the latter
interrogatory must be answered in the negative, and fur-
ther, that,were there no expenses attending the reslisa-
Lion and application of the loan, the arrangement
specified in case X. ought to be adopted. As, how-
ever, advertisements, inspections, reports, and super-
intendence cannot be had for nothing, I believe
that case IX. is the more equitable one for both parties
—the excess of grain which accrues to him being more
than sufficient to enable the proprietor to meet all de-
mands for the services mentioned ; while the tenant will
cheerfully pay his.contribution of 3 per cent. (7). The
preceding calculations, being founded on the assumption
that a proprietor can borrow money at 4 per cent., are of
course, only applicable to the owners and tenants of
alienable estates. No one, under ordinary circumstances,
will advance capital for the purpose of improving en-
tailed properties, except at a rate of interest which pre-
cludes the possibility of borrowing with profit ; and
yet, by the provisions of the Land Drainage Act the
possessors of such territories are placed (so far as the
facility of procuring the use of money is concerned) in
as favourable a position as those whose lands are un-
fettered. The measure in question has, therefore, been
justly regarded as an especial boon to the holders of en-
tailed estates; but I apprehend, that, in many cases, pru-
dential considerations will interfere to prevent landlords
so circumstanced from availing themselves of the ad-
vantages which it was intended to confer on them. In
illustration of this conjecture, let it be supposed that the
possessor of an entailed estate, whose age is such, that,
asecurovrivtorgertofiftetheen
ya
averagetri isq valuereuesotd
feli
byfe a
, beteins,nlit id
likely to
lug ft lease, th
.fifteen
~earc e unexpired term of which also extends to
hem i
4,,eirto..lPPly for a share of the Government
lands occupied by the latter.
tlht
eigkenvidtonrdtlyWimelimrviriot7le that. under such circumstances
e
crease of: rent to be 4etielpsed.eae
any benefit from the in-
whileviactoilia,u4
wuon a renewal of the lease,
fair 611 tire of hill at at
.hasyme b
ntee assumed Jut his
a to Government, viz.,

31 per cent.), he will in fifteen years have paid (com-
puting the annuity at 3} per cent.), 671. 10s. 80.; or,
(if at 4 per cent.), 70/. Is. 7,1 d. for each 1001. borrowed,
either of the sums being such as only the suc-
cessor to the estate, to the exclusion of all the other
heirs, can profit by. On the other hand, a tenant
whose farm is likely to be greatly ameliorated by drain-
age, may, if a considerable portion of his lease is yet to
run, find it advantageous to pay the whole 6} per cent,
rather than let his fields remain in their present
condition. A careful consideration of all such matters
can alone enable the owners and occupiers of entailed
lands to judge how far a share of the funds, available
under the Land Drainage Act, are likely to be mutually
or individually beneficial to them, and, by the opinion
thus formed, arrange the scale of their respective pay-
ments. (8.) In conclusion, I may remark that, as the
certain consequences of such improvements as the Go-
vernment advances are intended to effect will, on the ter-
mination of existing engagements, be a rite of rent, in
most cases greatly exceeding the amount of the annual
payments demanded in return for the loan, the acivan •
tage to proprietors will be greater in proportion to the
shortness of the leases, while, of course, the reverse holds
good with respect to Tenant.—A. R.
P.S.—Although, in order more fully to illustrate the
several cases, the results of the annuites both at 3} per
cent. and 4 per cents., have been inserted in the preced-
ing paper, it will be seen that the general consequences
are not materially affected by the difference of the rates