The Sun.
London, England, 1847-04-12 00:00:00

THE PLOUGH.

A useful number to the agriculturist. The chief
article, that on " Leases," by Professor Donaldson,
conveys many sound truths that shou'd be atten-
tively perused and maturely considered, both by the
owners and occupiers of the soil. It traces the mode
in which property in land was originally acquired,
viz., by the priority of occupation, and the subsequent
labour bestowed, and the tacit acquiescence of the
remaining portion of the community in the title thus
obtained. The two great classes—the nobles and
serfs—who, in times of old, were al.,ne interested
in lands, and the gradual springing up of an
intermediate class who obtained grants for a specified
time ; the injurious effects of any extraordinary sti-
pulations or restrictions by which the lessee would
be fettered in the free enjoyment of his holding. No
person can be induced to expend his capital or labour
in the improvement of the land, unless he had
the certainty that himself or his children would be
permitted to reap the benefit thereof. Convince him
of that, and he at once becomes anxious to bring his
tenement into the highest degree of fertility and
cultivation. It is to the want of this certainty of
tenure, that many of the evils under which our Irish
brethren have been suffering may be traced ; and the
Professor clearly points out the advantages, to the
landowner himself, of adopting a liberal policy with
regard to his tenantry. The " Notes on Turnip
Husbandry" give some valuable hints to those who
have recourse to that crop, which will be more
extensively used in consequence of the failure of the
potato, as to the nature of the soil and the descrip-
tion of manure best adapted therefor ; and there is
a long article on the agriculture of Northumberland;
which is worthy the attention of farmers in all parts
of the kingdom. Ons of the plates gives an improved
plan for a cottage for a farm labourer.

THE FARMERS' IVAGAZINE. •
A collection of reports of many meetings of the
farmers' clubs in various parts of the country, and
the proceedings of the Royal Agricultural Society of
England. There are also articles on the cultivation
of carrots, parsnips, best mangold wurzel, and other
descriptions of produce, which will be interesting to
the occupiers of land. An account of the "Presenta-
tion of a piece of Plate to the Rev. 11. Bond;' ex-
hibits, in the strongest light, the feelings entertained
by the tenant farmers as to the injurious effects of a
sive. •
rdance of game to their properties, and also
superabundance
the moral and social evils arising to the peasantry
from the practice.

THE RAILWAY MONTHLY MAGAZINE
Contains the usual monthly summary of railway
intelligenee. The first article relates to the contest
between the South-Eastern and London and Brigh-
ton, as to the projected lines in Kent, in which it
strongly advocates the interests of the South-Eastern
Company. There is an interesting account of
the vaticinations of Thomas Gray, the railway
pioneer, or prophet, as he is here termed, who
still lives in obscurity and comparative poverty.
While others have made princely fortunes in follow-
ing the path indicated by him, poor Gray obtains his
livelihood by dealing in glass on commission, and
trading with glaziers, while those for whom he pre-
dicted are in the enjoyment of all the luxuries that
wealth can afford, Gray is all but penniless. This
is said to be the age of testimonials. Why has not
one been presented to that enthusiastic and persever-
ing man, sufficient to give Gray comfort in his declin-
ing years ?

MONTHLY RAILWAY
RECORD
The second number of a new,reaiiltwy of Railwayayperioiical.
h
It contains articles on
Trains," en the "Recent Railway :Meetings a andnd
Gua-
rantees their
ns Results," on "Railway Loa:,
and on the "
," on " Indian Railways,
Lam-
beth Extension in connexion with the South-
Company." There is also a very amusing Western
of the Railway Poetry of 1845-46, much collection
a and which
m
is taken from,
our facetious contemporary Pooch,
therefore, as a mattertter of course, is excellent. The
following verse shows the sad change that befel many
of
ate meet theee provincial directors after the panic :
mind
in the streets a-foot, tho' well we call to
Your showy cab and natty lad who lased to has,, behind
Surely the world is ending, and
tin
all nature's iimc ts flay,
Stag.,, ,
When thus we see the Tiger cease from following the
-

THE RAILWAY REGISTER
The vast and growing importance of the railway
interests in this country has called into ex t
many publications which profess to devote them6se7v
le
exclusively thereto. Foremost amongst these
may
s
be placed the Railway Register. Mr. Clarke, its
Editor, possesses a sound and practical knowledge on
the subject, and brings that knowledge into opera-
tion with hearty gopd will and etTective talent. All
his articles in the present number are admirable.
The first, on " Physical Economy," a preliminary
inquiry into the physical laws governing the periods
of famines and panics, possesses a melancholy in-
terest at the present period of destitution and distress,
his manner of calculating the term of fifty-four years,
which he asserts to be the cyclar period of famine,
is very ingenious, and the authentic records to
which he refers as to the price of grain, during
the different periods afford the strongest confirma-
tion to his theory. English and Irish railways pre-
sent strongly the national advantages to be derived
out the project of the line ta
from carrying
Valencia. The mere fact that by its Con-
struction a traveller can be conveyed to a point
104 degrees west of London in eighteen hours,
by embarking from which he would be freed from all

the delays and dangers of the Channel navigation,
and have the clear and open ocean to the Western
Hemisphere, and the increased rapidity of intercourse
that would be attained thereby, is alone sufficient to
insure its success. When foreign potentates are
making such exertions to forward our communication
with our Eastern dominions, we would, indeed, ex-
hibit a most culpable apathy if we neglected that
which would afford to all European travellers to
America the greatest degree of personal
safety, rapidity of transit, and security of
property. There are many other admirable papers
which a want of space prevents us from noticing in
the manner in which they deserve. We can safely
recommend the number to our readers. It will con-
vey much valuable information. The present is the
best number that has yet appeared.

Immediate].) , in 3 vols.,
SECOND EDITION OF TANCRED.
By B. DISRAELI, 31. P.
Orders received by all Booksellers.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborongh•street.

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