The Sun.
London, England, 1841-12-15 00:00:00

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1841.

PUVLICA'n ONS

STARKIE'S LAW 11F EVIDENCE. Third Edition.
This day is published, in 3 vo's., royal Bvo., 4/. I4s. 6d.,boards.
APRACTICAL TitavrisE of the LAW
of EVIDENCE, and DIGEST of PROOFS in CIVIL
and CRIMINAL PROCEEDING& Third Edition, with
very contiderable Alterations and Additions, brought down to
Michaehru:s Term, 1611. By TROALAS STARKIE, Esq.,
one of her „Majesty's Counsel.
V. and R. Stereos and G. S. Norton, Law Booksellers and
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tugal-street), 26 and 39, Bell-yard, Lincoln's Inn.

Just published, in &my Bvo. (490 pages), price 215., elegantly
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THE BOOK OV THE POETS, from
Chaucer to Beattie, with Biographical Notices, and a
Ilistory of the !Ilse and Progress of firiti%h Poetry. Embel-
lidied with 45 Vignette Illustrations by the most eminent En-
gravers.
It contain% an entirely new selection from the ample range of
our National Poetry, in which an attempt has been made to
give a distinct idea of the excellence of each poet, combined
with the most scrupulous attention to admit nothing that might
in the slightest degree unfit it for universal perusal-
On Dec. 26, there will be published a Companion
Volume, containing THE MODERN POETS (of the
Nineteenth Century), with the same number of Embellish-
ments, on precisely the same plan.
London : Scott, Webster, and Geary ; and sold by all Book-
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On the 15th will be published,
A NEW EDITION OF
poEms by the Lady FLORA HAST-
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ESTHER COPLEY'S NEW WORK FOR CHILDREN.
In One Pocket Volume, embellished with Two fine Engrav-
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POPLAR GROVE; or, LITTLE HARRY
and his UNCLE BENJAMIN : a Tale for Youth.
By Mrs. ESTHER COPLEY.
London : Printed for Thomas Tegg, 73, C.heapside; where
may be had, written by Esther Copley, Early Friendships, a
Tale, 2s. 6d. ; also, Breakfast Table Science, by Wright, price
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FISHER'S LANDSCAPE ANNUAL.-
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and admiration."—Dublin Statesman.
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unrivalled edition has boen most carefully compared with the
authorized edition, containing the Author's last additions and
corrections.

" This exceedingly beautiful edition is fairly entitled to take
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yan we have ever seen."—'fait's Magazine.
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Fisher, Son, and Co., Newgate-street, London.

Just published, price 245., the
POST-OFFICE LONDON DIRECTORY
for 1842.

Contents :—Official Directory, with complete Lists of Go-
vernment, and all other Public Offices and Officers.

Commercial Directory, fin•nishing the names, addresses, and
residences of the 60,000 Merchants. Professional Men, and
Traders of the Metropolis and its environs ; the " Post•oiee"
is the only " Directory" which alvt ays gives full Christian names.
Street Directory of London ; all other published lists omit
either the Nobility and Gentry. or the Merchants, Traders,
and Tradesmen ; this includes the entire in one grand arrange-
ment.

Postage Directory, in which will be found the fullest infor-
mation ever published with reference to Money Orders.
Trades' Directory ; Law Directory, giving a full account of
each Court, with its jurisdiction, and all the Officers, from the
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a copious list of Stamps, in 16 imperial octavo pages.
City Directory ; Parliamentary and Peerage Directory, fur-
nishing the most complete Lists yet publishe:l of the New Par-
liament.

Court Directory ; Conveyance Directory ; Banking Direc-
tory, &c.

Just published, the Seventh Edition, price 33. , and sent free,
on receipt of a Post-office Order, for 3s. 6d.,
ANHOOD: the CAUSES of its PRE-
MATURE DECLINE, with Plain Directions for
ITS PERFECT RESTORATION; addressed to those suf-
fering from the destructive effects of Excessive Indulgence,
Solitary Habits, or Infection ; followed by Observations on the
Treatment of Syphilis, Gonorrhoea, Glect, &c. Illustrated
with Cases, &c,

By J. L. CURTIS and COMPANY,
Consulting Surgeons, London.
Published by the Authors, and sold by liailicre, Medical
Bookseller to the Royal College of Surgeons, 219, Regent-
street ; Strange, 21, Paternoster-row, London; Guest, Bir-
mingham ; Sox ler, 4, St. Arm's-square, Manchester ; Philip,
South Castle-street, Liverpool ; Fannin and Co., 41, Grafton-
street, Dublin; Duncan ,114, High-street, Edinburgh; and to
be had of all Booksellers.

This Work, a Seventh Edition of which is now presented to
the public, ten thousand copies have been exhausted since its
first appearance, has been very much improved and enlarged
by the addition of a more extended and clear detail of general
principles, as also by the insertion of several new and highly in-
teresting cases. The book, as has been already stated, is the
result of very ample and daily increasing experience in a class
of diseases, which, for some unaccountable reason, have been
either altogether overlooked, or treated almost with indiffer-
ence, by the ordinary medical practitioner. The proverbial
and well known rapacity of unqualified practitioners, who
traffic en the health and credulity of patients, has been en-
couraged and aroused by this supineness, on the part of the
regular surgeon. In order to obviate the pernicious effects
sure to result from the practices of such pretenders, the
authors have fur a considerable time devoted themselves ex-
clusively to a certain class of diseases; of the necessity of so
doing, they were further convinced by feeling that tact in in-
vestigating the latent sources of many disease 3, which arise
from certain secret practices, can only be acquired by an ex-
clusive and undivided attention to this department of medical
practice. The numberless instances daily occurring, whersin
affections of the lungs, putting on all the outer appearances of
consumption, which, however, when traced to their source,
are found to result from certain baneful practices, fully proves
that the principle of the division of labour, is nowhere more
applicable than in medical practice. We feel no hesitation in
saying that there is no member of society by whom the book
will not be found useful, whether such person hold the relation
of a Parent, a Preceptor, or a Clergyman.
• The PARENT, who beholds his beloved child pining
away, and fast approaching to a premature grave, in conse-
quence of some disease, which, for want of careful investiga-
tion of its real cause, has been set down to the score of con-
sumption, will, on perusing this work, be astonished to find,
that in nine-tenths of the cases of young persons of both
sexes, who perish of what is called pulmonary consumption,
heart disease, tapes, &c., the sole and exclusive origin has
been the indulgence in certain destructive habits practised by
youth much more frequently than it is at all suspected.
The PRECEPTOR, also, who holds (temporarily at
least), the relation and responsibility of a parent, will,
by perusing this work, be directed and very much
assisted in investigating and detecting the too often con-
cealed practices so often introduced into schools, whereby the
health and ultimately the lives of his pupils are sure to be com-
promised, unless the evil be arrested in proper time. He will
here find a clue to guide him through the intricate mazes of
this moral labyrinth, and a standard whereby to judge, when
delicacy of health should appear to attack any of his young
charges, what the real causes of such attack may be, and thus
he will be enabled to check the evil in its incipient state.
The CLERGYMAN, in whose sacred character is at once
concentrated the two-fold relation of parent and instructor, will
here be directed as to the nature of those habits to which
youth is addicted; he will also be enabled to point out the dis-
astrous consequences which are sure to follow from them if not
relinquished.
Messrs. CURTIS and CO. are to be consulted daily at their
residence, No. 7, Frith-street, Soho-square, London.
Country Patients are requested to be as rninnte as possible in
the detail of their cases—as to the duration of the complaint,
• the symptoms, age, general habits of hying, and occupation in
life of the party ; the communication must be accompanied by
the usual Cowultation Fee of U., without which no notice
whatever can be taken of their application ; and in all oases, the
me- inviolatl3 secrecy may be relied on.

PUBLICATIONS.

MARY HOWITI"S NEW BOOK FOR CHILDREN.
In One Pocket Volume, embellished with Two Engravings,

WHICH IS IS Tti
Hd.E boun
WISd,
ER ? or, PEO-
PLE ABROAD: a Tale for Youth. By MARY
HOWITT.

"We rejoice to see another work by Mary Hewitt. Her
name has a pleasant sound : her writings are sure to be ani-
mated by a kind!), and humane spirit ; and no one can leave
them without teeing that he has been in delightful company."
London : Printed for Thomas Tegg, 73, Cheapside ; where
may he had, by the same Author, price 2.5. 6d. each, Strive
and Thrive—Hope On ! Hope Ever !—Sowing and Reaping—
and, Who shall be Greatest '?

Just published, price 3s. 6d. extra per post Is. 4d..
EVERY FAMILY'SBOOK of AMUSE-
-4 MENT ; comprising all the Games of Skill and Chance,
as well as Intellectual and Athletic Amusements, viz. :
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Chess, Billiards, Draughts, Backgammon, Tennis, Cricket,
Archery, Legerdemain, Riddles, &c., with all the Rules and
necessary Instructions for playing each Game, interspersed
with cut ions and amusing. anecdotes.
W. Strange, 21, Paternoster- row.

Now ready, in One Volume, demy Bvo., with a Map, price
155., cloth,
THE HISTORY. OF THE REPUBLIC
OF TEXAS, from the Discovery of the Country up to
the Present Time; and the cause of her Separation from the
Republic of Mexico : with a description of the Soil, Climate,
General Resources, Table of Roads, Distances, &c.
By N. DORAN MAILL A RD, Esq.,
Barrister at Law, of Texas.
" British Emigrants ought to ponder well over the serious
warning given by Mr. Maillard, founded on the important facts
stated by him."—Emigration Gazette.
Smith, Elder, and Co., 65, Cornhill.

COMBINATION OF LANDLORDS
TO ARREST THE PROGRESS OF SOCIETY.
(From the Berwick Advertiser.)
Berwickshire possesses in its water-power, cheap-
ness and abundance of fuel, and facilities of trans-
mission, very considerable advantages for the establish-
ment of manufactures ; and yet with the necessity of
keeping up a continual stream of emigration into other
districts, in order to drain off the redundant population
of the county, manufactures are all but totally unknown
within its bounds.

A stranger may be supposed likely to ascribe the
stationary character of the population in the Merse to
the climate being inhospitable, and the absence of so
many industrial pursuits fitted for the district to
the indolence or ignorance of the people.
Both surmises, we need not say, would be
grossly erroneous—the climate is an excellent one,
and the people naturally intelligent and enter-
prising. How then does it happen that emigration
should be forced on the inhabitants of the district to
such an extent as to keep its population stationary ; and
why have they not rather introduced into the county
some of those pursuits to gain a livelihood by which they
have to go elsewhere and leave home and friends ? Dif-
ferent causes will no doubt he assigned for this state of
things, but we well know that we speak in concurrence
with the all but universal public opinion when we say
that the industry and energy of the county are curbed
and beaten down by its landed proprietors. These are
but few in number, and, from motives the most puerile
and short-sighted, are banded together almost as one
man, to prevent the river sides and valleys of the
county producing anything but cattle and corn.
Looking at the immense additional value given
to land in the counties where manufactures
have been introduced, it might be supposed that this
resolution on the p irt of the Berwickshire lairds pro-
ceeded from the most disinterested motives—from some
romantic and wholly unselfish desire to preserve the
Morse as a rural Paradise, where noise and smoke
shall be for ever unknown. But they make no secret
of their real motive—an increase of employment, they
know, would cause an increase of population, and an
increase of population (such is lairds' logic) would tend
to an increase of parochial burdens. And therefore it
is that they rigidly exclude all manufactures from the
county, being enabled, by means of the present " ad-
mirable" system of Scotch Poor-laws, to drive out their
poor to find employment or charity in other districts.
It would be easy to adduce abundance of facts in
proof of what has just been stated ; but the truth is so
well known in the district that proof is scarcely neces-
sary. For the sake of those at a distance, however, we
may give one or t vo instances in illustration, and shall
begin with the most recent. The principal exception
to the absence of manufactures from the county, has
bean the paper manufactory of the Messrs. Trotter at
Broomhouse near Dense (the death of the senior
partner of which firm, we regret to record in our obi-
tuary of this week). This manufactory has existed
for nearly a century, and has latterly afforded
a livelihood to about a hundred individuals. Many
an artisan has lived in comfort, and reared his family,
ut this sequestered spot, and the mills have been in
other and obvious respects a great benefit to the loca-
lity where they are situated. But the neighbouring
lairds saw things in another light—and have succeeded
at last in getting rid of the " nuisance." The mills
having been built on leasehold property, and the lease
being near its expiry, a renewal was sought, but peremp-
torily refused, and the laird decreed that the whole
fabric should be levelled with the ground—that the
manufacturer with his valuable machinery should be ex-
pelled, and the workmen and their families sent to seek
their bread elsewhere. The laird of Broomhouse is
not a solitary instance. After receiving notice to
quit, the firm we have named surveyed the banks of
the Whatiadder and Blackadder for some spot suit-
able for the reconstruction of the doomed establish-
ment, but were on all hands met with the expres-
sion of a determination to have no manufactories in
" our district." At last a purchase of a suitable spot
from an absent proprietor had partly taken place, when
some of the neighbouring lairds took the alarm, and,
basing the
car of the intending seller, inspired him
with a portion of their own spirit, and persuaded him
to refuse the completion of the purchase. Another
proprietor, within a few miles of our own town, was
afterwards found disposed to sell a suitable site, and
the transfer of the property was about to take place,
when the owner of the bank on the opposite side of the
stream refused his assent to the erection of the
necessary " cauld,' and the project had aga'n
to be abandoned. Thus hunted through the
county, there seemed to be no alternative for
the gentlemen named but to abandon the es-
tablishment or transfer it to some other district, when
fortunately a sale of some property occurred which was
in the hand of trustess bound to accept the best offer,
and it fell into the hands of the Messrs. Trotter, who
are now erecting a large paper-mill on the spot. As a
smaller establishment, however, of the same kind has
hitherto existed at this place, the Lairds have not been
tosucceeded in the patriotic ob-
jectmanufactory less in the county. We
altogether
tankinger foiled
one, having
nave given the history of this case merely as an illustra-
tion of " the 6) stem," and as affording some explanation
of one portion of the " phenomenon" which Berwick-
shire presents to those at u distance.
On the other and certainly the more strange portion
of the " phenomenon," the menus, namely, by which the
lairds manage to rid them:elves of the redundant popu-
lation whom they prevent finding employment at home,
it is obvious we cannot enter at present. This topic
will afford some instructive illustration of the wisdom
and benevolence of the Tory lairds, (for a Whig laird is
all but unknown in Berwickshire), who, while their
organs maintain that it would be batter for England
were her manufactories " engulphed in one ruin," and
who have such an intense dread of the " demoraliza-
tion " which attended them, yet annually send off, to
be supported by this demoralizing and hated employ-
ment, the overplus of their own population,—aye, and
the aged who have spent their strength in their service.

(From the Morning, Chronicle.)
Immense cargoes of destitute human beings have
been conveyed of late from this country to Ireland, and
the Irish papers are loundiinchtilhderierne,ahmupdldaliendtstoaggeatihnestr
upon l
this country on that account. One shipment of 130
has been followed by another of " three hundred Irish
paupers,ceek." men, women,
Cork w
e Southern Reporter says that if
the Jupiter, freighted with this last cargo, " had not
arrived, and discharged her living cargo at so early an
hour in the morning, there would have been a mani-
festation of indignant feeling which it would have been
difficult,if, indeed, it would have been proper, to repress."
The tale told by the manufacturers at Derby ex-
plains why these cruel shipments are resorted to.
Famine and disease are stalking over the towns of Eng-
land, and the law of self-preservation absorbs all minor
considerations.
The cargoes of human beings sent from England
have neither house nor home in Ireland, and their fate
may be easily anticipated. Every Irish paper we look
into furnishes us with accounts of the large multitudes
turned out to die. The Newry Examiner, of Satur-
day last, contains an account of one hundred and ninety-
one souls, many of them above eighty years of age,
driven from one estate, the lands of their fathers, after
being first stripped of every particle of property, and
then left to wander, penniless, without a home, as exiles
in the land of their birth. We can easily believe the
Irish Journalist, that many of them have already died of
affliction and want.

of potatoes was
EXTRAORDINARY POTATOE.--A short time
Skitter's garden,
at Shrub End Farm, Lexden, the top of
growing in Mrs. since a single root
which, when green, extended over a space measuring 33
feet in circumference. A few days since it was dug up,
when the amount of produce was found to be 231 pota-
toes, some of which were very fine, and A the
greater part
fit for the table.—lpswich Express.

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.

TIMES.—The premium on gold at Paris is 5:4- per
mille, which, at the English Mint price of W. l7s.
10. E-d. per ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange
of 25 28, and exchange at Paris on London at short
being 25 471, it follows that gold is 0.78 per cent.
dearer in London than in Paris.

By advices from Humburgh the price of gold is 428
per mark, which, at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s.
10id. per ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange
of 13 64,3- and the exchange at Hamburgh on London
at short being 13 7i, it follows that gold is 0.38 per
cent. dearer in London than in Hamburgh.
A point of considerable importance arises cut of an
anomaly in the present sugar duties. So great is the
difference between the duties on raw sugar and that in
a manufactured state, such as lozenges, and other arti-
cles sold by the hard-confectioners, the impost on the
raw article being very high, and that on the manufac-
tured article little more than nominal, that a consider-
able loss to the revenue, and a great injury to British
labour, is the consequence. For the duty on lozenges,
&c., being so low, the great confectioners in London
have found it profitable to have their goods manufactured
in France and the Channel Islands, and imported here
ready made, and thus entirely deprive the English
makers of all chances of competition ; for the rate on
sugar here is so high, that it is impossible to work
it with any prospect of profit, while the foreign ma-
nufactured goods are admitted comparatively duty-
free. But the evil does nos stop here ; since, while
the English operatives are thrown out of employ, the
reveeue is also affected by the diminution in the con-
sumption of Colonial sugar. These evils are so appa-
rent, and a remedy for them would be so easy, that one
would think the remedy need only be known to be in-
stantly remover!. The process would simply be raising
the duty on the lozenges, so as again to bring the Eng-
lish workmen into employ, for as they are articles com-
pletely of luxury, and moreover purchased in very small
quantities, such an impost would not be felt as an in-
jury to the consumer. An additional motive for such
a measure ir, a fraudulent practice which is said to have
made its way among the dealers in confectionery, viz.,
the importation of the sugar in its manufactured state,
to be subsequently melted down, and used as the raw
material. Whether this practice actually exists or not,
the evils which result to the operatives and the revenue,
even by a legal use of the present scale of duties, are
quite sufficient to merit serious attention.
We mentioned the other day a circular from a mer-
cantile house at Adelaide, in which over importation
was considered to be one of the leading causes of the
depression of trade in the Australian colonies, especially
Sydney. This opinion is in a great measure confirmed
by a statement furnished by a correspondent, of the
stock of bonded goods in the port of Sydney during
the years 1840 and 1841, which shows an increase of
the most reckless rapidity. Thus, in the first week of
January, 1840, the number of gallons of brandy was
under 9,000, in the corresponding period in 1841, as
much as 78,000, and in the first week of last July above
158,000. Geneva in similar periods increased from
35,000 gallons to 51,000, and 85,000 ; tobacco from
248,00016. to 492,0001 b. and 883,0001 b. An increase
of this kind cannot possibly be occasioned by any
adequate demand, nor can any cause be assigned for
such immense disproportion between such close pe-
riods, but the most inordinate desire to force goods
into a particular channel, without for a moment con-
sidering the wants of the population, or their ability to
meet the imports. It should be observed that other
articles have been supplied in equal proportion, and
that the bonded articles are merely cited in preference,
because the stock of them is capable of being ascer-
tained with greater accuracy.
The tricks of fraudulent traders are often exposed,
but are constantly assuming new shapes. A country
correspondent has sent us one, the description of
which may furnish a very useful warning to many
persons. Ho was applied to in June last to under-
take an agency for the sale of a certain description of
goods, which he undertook, but sent no order, and was
duly furnished with a supply of the article. In Nov.
he received a notice that the party had disposed of his
business to another person, and a few weeks afterwards
that person, though a solicitor, made a peremptory
demand for payment with an addition of ss. for the
cost of the application, threatening immediate legal
proceedings in the event of non-compliance. The cal-
culation is of course that many timid persons will thus
be frightened into a discharge of the claim. We need
not describe the article supplied, though the whole cor-
respondence connected with the affair has been sent.
The warning will do equally well without it, and it
would therefore in the present glorious state of out libel
law be incurring gratuitous risk.
CHRONICLE.—We told the innocent holders of
the spurious Exchequer bills " that they must either
make up their minds to try the fate of an action, or
wait until Parliament meets ;" for it was plain that
the Government had been advised to resist payment,
upon the ground of forgery. We have strenuously ad-
vocated the claims of the innocent holders, and conceive.
that the conviction of Smith, as the sole and only cri-
minal, if possible strengthens their case, because it re-
stricts the fabrication and issue of the spurious docu-
ments to a paid officer of the Crown, holding a situa-
tion of high trust and confidence. But while
we hold that doctrine, and maintain that the
lathes committed by the Exchequer are sufficient
to establish the claims of the innocent holders, our
difference with the Government in this matter rests on
other grounds than the mere postponement of the affair
until the meeting of Parliament. The impounding of
the bills to wait the directions of the Lords of the Trea-
sury gave an undue advantage to the Crown, in so far
as in a Court of Law it would throw upon the holders
the onus of proving that the bills were genuine ; where-
as the burden of proving forgery should have remained
with the Crown. The bills should have been restored
to the holders after having been branded at the
Exchequer with a notice that they were rejected
as spurious because they did not, on exami-
nation, correspond with the counterfoils. That
was the sole test on which the Exchequer-office
relied, and on which they decided whether the bills
examined were genuine or fictitious. They were quite
incapable of deciding whether the signatures were real
or not, and yet the course:they pursued was just the
same as if they had been in a situation (as they ought
to have been) to detect the spurious bills by an ex facie
examination of the hand-writing. This they could not
do. The Deputy-Comptroller, to be sure, said he
could do so, but did not dare to attempt to put his
profession into practice. They tested the bills at the
Exchequer, not by reference to the signatures, printing,
numbers, or stamp, nor by any means within the reach
of the public ; but by trying whether the notches on
the edges of each instrument did or did not correspond
with the counterparts.
We look upon such conduct as open to strong ob-
jection, and savouring more of what we might expect
from the Old Bailey than from Whitehall. But if the
bona fide holders have good grounds of complaint for
the chicanery which has been practised against them in
impounding their property, and thus preventing them
from using their relief both against the Crown and
their immediate authors, they have much graver
right to protest against the collision with which,
to all appearances, the trial of Smith termistated.
Smith declared in his confession that he was the
v:etim of more powerful and cunning associates,
who robbed him of all share of the common plunder.
We are not, to be sure, disposed to place much reli-
ance on any statement from him. Nothing he could
say against others is entitled to much reliance, and if
the allusion to higher game rested on the mere asser-
tion of the convict, it ought not to receive much no-
tice ; but in this respect it is seemingly corroborated by
the statements of the Counsel for Repel) and the
Crown, both of whom alluded to " important circum-
stances that had transpired elsewhere," which made it
necessary that the character of the accused should be
cleared before a Jury. Under these circumstences, the
p'ea of " guilty" by Smith and the liberation of Rap2lll
have crested a strong impression in the public mind
that the form r had agreed to plead guilty under pro-
mise of commutation of punishment, in order to avoid
disclosures which would come out from the witness box.
The manner in which Rapallo was allowed to slip through
their fingers after Smith pleaded guilty, makes this
the more likely. The Judge very properly was slew
to let him loose, and even stretched a point :in
detaining him some time after the Crown Solicitor had
stated that he had no instructions to proceed against
him. After all this, and after the bird had flown (but
not till then), a police-office, or some other myrmidon
of the law, is said to have appeared with a warrant for
his apprehension-on some new charge connected with
the fraud of Exchequer bills. This official did not
come into the field until after Rapallo was out of reach,
and then made a great noise and splutter (as if on pur-
pose) to make it known that he had a new warrant.
Tnere is not a shadow of doubt that Smith had numer-
ous confederates, and that a conspiracy for defrauding
the public had been for years in operation. The public
therefore, expected a rigid investigation into the whole
mystery and bearings of theplot. The ends of justice
demanded that this should be done, but instead of this
the whole affair ends in smoke, and there is too good
reason to suppose that a bargain had been concocted to
smother the truth.

POST.—\%e recommended, many months ago, to
capitalists in this country interested in the affairs of
the United States Bank, that they should lose no time
in calling a meeting, and forming a Committeo.of in-
vestigation. We did this long before the assignments of
the property of the institutian in favour of particular

PRICE 5d

parties in America were made, so much to the pre-
judice of the stockholders in England, and before
the resumption took place, the effect of which was
the payment out of the coffers of the bank, very
much at their expense, of six millions of specie, in
exchange for its notes, in the course of two or three
weeks. A Committee at that time would have bean
of much service, as its reports would have exercised a
salutary control over the conduct of the Directors of the
Bank. The English Stockholders, with that apathy,
however. for which they are remakable in such caws,
left the Directors to take their own course, and the
result is that the shares, which were last year worth
from 10/. to 20/. each, are now worth no more than
frotn 10s. to 20s. It may not yet be too late to call a
meeting and appoint a Committee, for although the
shares have indeed fallen to the miserable prices quoted,
something may still he made of the wreck.
The case of the forged Exchequer bill holders is
another case that calls for activity and inquiry, but we
do not hear that any beyond indivi,lual efforts are
making to procure redress. A public meeting of the
suff.rers should be convened, and steps taken to get at
the root of the gigantic Treasury frauds—to trace the
plunderers to their dens, and compel them to disgorge
their ill-acquired gains.
There is also another class of unfortunates whose
case equally demands investigation. We allude to the
numerous parties affected by the large and ruinous
failures which have given so mournful celebrity to the
proceedings in our Bankruptcy Courts during the last
eighteen months. We hear of individual partners, ori-
ginally possessed of no property whatever, drawing out
from the concerns with which they have been connected
the enormous sums of thirty and forty thousand pounds
annually each, and that for a continuity of years ; yet,
when their affairs come to be looked into, the whole is
declared to have vanished.

SUN.—There is again but little to comment upon in the
Market for English Stocks, prices being firmly sup-
ported, both for the funded and the unfunded debt.
The rntes at which bargains were effected in Consols
were 881 to 88Z for the opening in January, without
the dividend ; Exchequer Bills were at 10s. to 12s.
premium, and East India Bonds at Is. to 3s. premium ;
Bank Stock continued firm at 165 to 1651; Reduced
Three-and-a-Half per Cents. were steady at 981 to
981 ; and the Three per Cent. Annuities at 88.,i to 89.
Speculation in the Foreign Funds is at present al-
most exclusively confined to Spanish Bonds. The Ac-
tives to day were done at a slight improvement,
viz., 241 to 231, but closed rather heavily ; Portu-
guese New Five per Cents. were rather depressed, being
quoted 33 to 321 ; and the Three per Cents. were flats
at 19/ to 191. South American Stocks were good ;
Mexican at 26 ; Colombian at 201 to t- ; and Brazilitra
of 11839 at 56. Belgian Stock was rather dull, at
1001 ; Danish at 791; and Dutch Two-and-a-.. Half
per Cents, at 51/ to 1.
The Share Market has been rather buoyant again to-
day. Great Western at 191 ; ditto, New, at 91 ;
London and Birmingham, New, at 231 ; -Vork and
North Midland at 39 ; and South Westrom at 174
prem. ; Brighton at 131 to 131 ; Black Nall at 15 ;
Manchester and Leeds at 3 to 5 ; and Midirknd Counties
at 151 dis. ; London and Westminster Bank Shares
were 13 prem.
Bills of Exchange on the Continental. cities have been
in good supply this afternoon. On Paris the rates were
up to 25f. 70c. and 80c. ; on Amstetidam they were 12
48 to / ; on Antwerp, 12 3/ ; on Ramburgh, 13 101 to
10 : on Trieste, 952 to 53.
The following are the official returns of the exports of
bullion from the port of Lapdog% for the week ending
Thursday last :
Silver coin to Hamburgh... 35,300 oz.
Ditto Rotterdam' 28,000 oz.
Ditto Bars ditto.... 40,000 oz.

DISTRESS I'N PAISLEY.
7'O THE EDITYOR OF THE SUN.
Sin,—May I request yeiou to insert in your next paper
my letter to the Editor tot' the Paisley Advertiser, with
the resolutions of the .k\tisley Presbytery, published in
to- day's Advertiser?
I am, your oblig ad, ROBT. MACNAIR.
Abbey Manse, PP:isley, Dec. 11, 1841.
" TO THE EDITOia OF THE PAISLEY ADVERTISER.
" Sir—At a mem:Lng of the Presbytery of Paisley last •
week, the state of. the unemployed operatives was taken
into consideratio.A, when certain resolutions were agreed
to. To carry th'stu into effect a Committee was appointed,
which has sine & met, when it was resolved to take effec-
tive measures to give them publicity—to solicit the atten-
tion of minist,i,:s and office bearers of the Church to a circu-
lar lately adx;essed by ministers of various denominations
in Paisley lin their brethren throughout the country, and
to recomniend the adoption of its suggestions ; especially
to request that in those parishes where no contribution
has beers made in aid of the funds for the unemployed,
by coll.ections or otherwise, this should be done on as
early a day as possible.
" 'Of the present distress in Paisley it is impossible to
COT Avey an adequate idea. That it is not confined to the
li amblest ranks in society any one may be satisfied by an
Inspection of the articles in the shops of pawnbrokers,
such as dresses not worn by the humbler classes, gold
rings, silver spoons, silver and gold watches, valuable
books, and even expensive family Bibles. Nor are the
sufferings of the families who have reluctantly parted
with such articles the less, from their desire to conceal
their destitution. It is, therefore, hoped that the resolu-
tions of the Presbytery will meet with attention from
their brethren in other Presbyteries, and that editors of
newspapers will lend a helping hand in giving them pub-
licity.
.The followingare the resolutions :

" 1. That the Presbytery express their sincere and
heartfelt sympathy for the suffering and distressed poor
within their bounds.

" 2. That they express their admiration of the good
conduct and decorum of the unemployed themselves, amid
their severe and unexampled difficulties.
" 3. That while the Presbytery are grateful to Chris-
tian friends, both in town and in other places, of all ranks
and classes, for the measure of liberality displayed ; they
regret that the funds at the disposal of the Relief Com-
mittee hinder them crom extending to the distressed an
adequate amount of relief.
" 4. That they resolve, as a Presbytery, to state to the
Relief Committee their readiness to co•operate with them
in the way of raising funds, and procuring a supply of
clothing for the distressed, in so far as circumstances will
permit, and with this view recommend to all ministers
within their bounds to make collections ; and the Pres-
bytery, convinced of the absolute inadequacy of local
efforts to remove the evil, resolve to correspond with
other Presbyteries, so as to raise the requisite funds.
" I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
" ROBERT MACNAIR,
" Convener of the Committee of Presbytery."

To the MEMORY of DR. BIRKBECK.
THE GOOD MAN'S GRAVE.
The grave bath closed :--another setting star
Hath pass'd ndown the dark horizon's shade.
The star bath gone :—not so the light which made
Its glory : that, still beaming, lives, and far
Above the lonely range where death can mar,
Bright'ning one track of earth, where darkness erst
Did, brooding, spread her dusky wing accurst
Breaking the mind witk her insidious war.
And dear, dear shade, the oppress'd shall linger near
That trail of light :—their children by their side,
And mourn thee as their truest friend and guide,
And with their blessings blend the falling tear.
Oh could each waning star bequeath such light,
How little might we fear the mind-enthralling night.
H. B.