The Sun.
London, England, 1841-07-22 00:00:00

'rte Ft PUN, LONDON: TititlitsTsA lc-JULY 42,

amount of duty levieo, since the present law has bean in
operation, up to January 5, 1840, according to Mr.
Al‘Culloch's excellent pamphlet, has been per quarter
ss. 9d. on wheat, ss. on barley, and 6s. 11d. on oats. The
whole of the money thus levied must have been paid by
the consumers, without any distinction of classes, ex-
actly in proportion to the quantity consumed. If, there-
fore, the relative numerical proportions, between the
agricultural and the other classes, be laid down with
tolerable accuracy by Mr. M`Queen, the consumption by
agriculturists and those directly depending on them will
be, of wheat and barley, five-eighths, and of oats four-
fifths, of the whole quantity consumed. The total
amount levied upon those three kinds of grain, in the
period before stated, has been 4,451,2001. This sum
must have been paid by the consumers in the following
proportion's, and the fact clearly illustrates the sort of
protection that has been afforded to the agricultural
classes by the present Corn-law :
By Trades and By the Agricul-
Manufacturers. tural Classes.
Wheat and wheat flour f 1,093,044 £1,821,740
Barley 184,812 308,020
Oats 208,716 834,864

£1,486,572

£2,964,624

The Value of wheat, barley, and oats, required for seed
in ordinary years will amount to upwards of 12,850,000/. ;
and oats consumed in keeping, feeding, rearing,
and fattening stock, will amount to upwards of
28,000,0001. ; making the total value, including the
quantity consumed as food, of the wheat, barley, and
oats, directly consumed by agrieulturists, their labourers,
and dependants, to exceed 71,216,0001. a year, whilst
the annual consumption of all the other classes united
does not amount to 31,600,000/.* This estimate is
based upon data supplied by Mr. M`Queen's work, en-
titled " The Statistics of the British Empire," and cal-
culated upon eight returns. I need not remind you, my
Lord, that land which will not yield eight returns upon
the quantity of seed per acre, as before specified, cannot
remunerate the agriculturist for its cultivation under
white, or grain crops. In such a case it is the business
of the landowner—a very different person from the agri-
culturist—to determine whether, by an outlay of money
in permanent improvements, it can be brought up to, or
about that standard of production ; and if it can, whe-
ther the rent will cover the interest of the outlay. That
is a question solely for the consideration of the land-
owner. It is the land-occupier, or the agriculturist's
province to consider whether the land is of such a quality,
and in such a condition, as to justify him in calculating
upon having such returns as will compensate him for its
cultivation at such rent as may be agreed upon. Per-
manent improvements, and improved cultivation, as far
as the respective interests of the landlord and tenant, are
very different things. The landowner and the land-oc-
cupier, as such, have interest in common. Free, un-
shackled Trade in corn, is a stimulus indispensable to the
prosperity of agriculture. Restrictive Corn-laws may
afford temporary benefit to the needy and unprincipled
portion of the landed proprietors, but they must be
viewed with repugnance by every honest landed pro-
prietor, as being highly detrimental to the true interest
of agriculture, and as being directly calculated to de-
grade and to oppress the indutsrious hard-working mil-
lions, composing all the productive classes throughout
the empire._ _ _

I am, my Lord, your obedient servant,
0. 0. ROBERTS.
Castle Hill, Bangor, July 19, 1841.
' See " Fasts for Farmers," page 25.

CORN-LAW THOUGHTS.
BY AN ENGLISHWOMAN.

A lady who formerly favoured us with some
communications under the signature of English
Joan, has collected and published a number of
her letters on the Corn-laws in a pamphlet. She
thus appreciates the character of the House of
Commons and its Tory leaders in a letter, which
we have not before seen :

" We are concerned to say that the House of Repre-
sentatives, once the pride and trust of the nation, is
fallen from its high estate ; all honourable persons are
disgusted to find bribery practised at elections to a most
corrupt extent, large sums wickedly wasted, neither
blessed to the giver or receiver, meriting severe punish-
ment and everlasting exclusion from your Honourable
House. What a deplorable state of things, when Eng-
lish gentlemen make a practice of seducing with money
a poor man from his duty to his country and to himself
There are also many persons totally unfitted by nature
for legislators, shifting sands, useless sons of confusion,
like Lord Stanley, who for a trifle will change sides body
and mind, and that which he proved false before, prove
true again.' A lawgiver must not lack wisdom or con-
sistency. Can the vaunted Sir Robert reach the proper
standard ?—the man of plausibilities,' a Will-with-the-
wisp, who never shines but to mislead—he who loves to
progress by indirect means only, and can no more pursue
a straightforward course than the poor crab on the beach.
Sir Robert would have made an excellent lawyer to de-
fend bad causes with a thousand specious crafty wiles—
a fine leader of the Tories, indeed, proving a low tone of
thought among them. We hope, trust, believe, the glo-
rious era fast advances when moral worth will be on the
ascendant, when our rulers must act upon the sole prin-
ciple of governing the people fairly, justly, wisely ; by
no other means can they for the future obtain the confi-
dence, esteem, and love of the governed."

To the Bishops she puts these pertinent ques-
tions :

" Has any Bishop ever given a vote in favour of the
Slave Trade, or stood aloof from its discussion ? if so,
he has quite mistaken his path, and been stumbling in
utter darkness. Since inebriety is the parent of crime,—
has every Bishop fostered, countenanced, and cared for
those checks to vice, Temperance Societies? the most re-
markable phenomenon of our day, springing from the
people themselves,—long may they flourish! Have the
Bishops loved on all occasions to solicit truth from her
concealment? for she is still so little satisfied with our
doings that she continues to inhabit her ancient deep re-
treat, to the great detriment of the whole human race ;
would that we could see her bright diamond eyes con-
stantly in the midst of us, and that we might be virtuous
enough to listen to her pure teachings, and wise enough
to yield obedience to her heavenly laws. Do the Bishops
and their clergy faithfully oppose themselves to the hor-
rid vice of bribery at elections? do they, by every means,
instruct and communicate such knowledge to the poor as
would raise them above such degradation, though tempt-
ed and misled by the rich and well educated, who un-
derstand the laws but viciously, and unscrupulously vio-
late them. Since good and equal government is favour-
able to the morality and most essential to the harpiness
of the people, do the Bishops, " in season and out of
season," try to induce their compeers to do justice, to
love mercy, and to walk humbly ? or do they calmly and
resignedly view the present turmoil, and suffer rank
noxious weeds to overshadow, choke, and destroy the germ
of every wholesome plant in the political field ? have the
Bishops, as ministers of religion, been exemplars for the
nation, studiously anxious that all their words and ac-
tions should be found in harmonious accord with that
most perfect moral code bequeathed to us for our sure
guide by the author and finisher of our faith ?' Have
princely donations, from princely incomes, been un-
sparingly given for charity and for the service of the
Church to build and repair ? If any Bishop votes in
favour of the Corn-laws we shall esteem him one of the
proximate causes of all the poor may suffer next winter.
A very reprehensible dereliction from duty IA a minister
of the gospel. The sufferings of the poor are no fiction,
but a sad and mournful reality ; yet the least of one of
these ' is equal in the estimation of the Creator with the
wearer of a mitre, lawn sleeves, and a silk apron. Since
so much wretchedness is. proved to exist, and to have
long existed, surely it is not too much to expect that the
Bishops and the clergy will close the carnal eye and open
wide a more heavenward orb."

We are rejoiced to find the women taking an
active part in the good struggle, and that they
have adopted just sentiments which they express
like the lady in forcible language. " English
Joan" will have amongst reflecting females many
mitators.

THE BANK OF MANCHESTER.--We lire ex•.
ceedingly glad to find, that the Directors of tie Bank of
Manchester have at length resolved to discontinue the
issue of their own notes ; so that the circulation of this
town and its immediate neighbourhood will be once more
restored to the state of purity in which it existed for so
many years, and which was so justly the pride of its in-
habitants. There are now no local notes issued either in
Manchester or Liverpool, and very few in the county of
Lancaster. We hope the time is not far distant when the
whole kingdom may be placed in the same situation.—
Manchester Guardian.

A GIANT BALLOON.—Last evening our
townspeople were entertained with the sight of, as the
bills termed it, " a giant man balloon," which was sent
up from London by Mr. Green, some time since, and
subsequently came into the possession of our resident
firework-maker, ballooner, &c. &c. Mr. Stonestreet. The
monster was inflated in the area of the Town-hall, and
when his spacious skin began to fill he exhibited the
most ridiculous figure imaginable—his immense trunk
rolling from side to side, as if impatient to disengage
itself from its fastenings. At length, all being ready,
and a pilot having previously been started to show him
his course, the giant was set free, and up he mounted,
inclining rather backward, his head lolling on one side,
his arms swinging about, and having to all intents and
purposes the aspect of a jolly fellow who was no tee-
totaller, or who, if he were, had most indubitably broken
his pledge. His apparently affected twistings and turn •
ings raised shouts of laughter from the immense crowd
assembled to witness his departure. But his flight was
destined to be a short one—from some defect in one of
his legs the gas rapidly escaped, and before he had soared
half a mile he made a most graceful and gentle descent.,
feet foremost, and might easily have been fancied some
fabled deity of old condescending to visit this lower
world. At a moderate computation 5,000 persons were
assembled on the occasion.—Maidstone Journuf.
CHILDBIRTH ON BOARD A GRAVESEND
STEAMER.—On Tuesday at two o'clock a curious eeene
occurred on board the Star, A young man was seen
leading his young wife to the ladies' cabin, and in a feW
minutes afterwards she was delivered of a daughter.
This unexpected event created much sympathy for the
poor woman, especially as there was no medical man on
board. Mr. Stevens, oivil engineer; Mr. Northhouse,
and several other gentlemen, who were engaged in a suc-
cessful experiment to test the great superiority of Dr.
Albert's steam fuel over the best coal, quitted the
engine-room, to commence a subscription to obtain aid
for thb mother and her child, when several sovereigns
were in a few minutes contributed, and they had the
satisfaction of hearing that both were " as well as could
be expected." The father, whose name is Potts, is a
ropemaker of Chatham, and was for some time incon-
solable, fearing the loss of his wife and Child, from the
premature and unprepared accouchement.

MEMBERS ELECTED.

ENGLISH .BOIZOLIGHS COMPLETED.
Total-176 Anti-Monopolists and 1t1.5 Monopolists.
ENGLISH AND WELSH COUNTIES.
Anti- Mono-
Monopolists. polists.
ANGLESEY COUNTY.
W. 0. Stanley, Esq.

BEDFORD COUNTY
Lord Alford
W. Astell, .....

15E11.15.
R. Palmer' Esq.
P. Posey, Esq....
Lord Barrington

BRECKNOCKSHIRE.
Col. T. Wood
BUCKS.
... 1
Sir W. L. Young
1
C. G. Dupre, Esq —• 1
Hon. C. S. Murray*

Cll-11BRIDGE.

Hon. E. Yorke....,
It. J. Eaton, Esq..
J. P. Allix,

_,CARDIGANSHIB.E.

W. E. Powell, E;4.----------

CAxmAATHENSHIfE.
Hon. G. Trevor
J. Jones, Esq ...

CARNARYON COUNTY•
Hon. H. Pennat*. .••• 0000000

CHESHIRE (NORT11).
W. T. Egerton, Esq...
C. Legli, E sq.
CHESHIRE (souru)
Sir F. Egerton, ..
lion. T. Tollemaelie

___ ......... .._
CORNWALL (EAST).
Lord Eliot ... ... 1
W. Rishleigh, Esq.
CORNWALL (wasT).
E. W. Pendarves, Esq 1 ...
Lord Boscawesi Rose...-..... ......... ..• ... 1
CUMBERLAND (EAST).
W. James, Esq .. 1 ..
lion. C. Howard
CUMBERLAND (WEST )
E. Stanley, Esq.
J. Irton, Esq...
DENBIGH COUNTY
Hon. William Bagot... ...............
Sir W. W. Wynne"'
DERBY (NORTH).
Hon. G. H. Cavendish
W. Evans Esq. ...
DERBY (souvi).
E. M. Mundy, Esq.
C. It. Colville, Esq. ..•
1
DEVON (NORTH).
Sir T. Ackland •e• I
L. Buck, Esq.
DEVON (SOUTH).
Sir J. Y. Boller
Lord Courtenay

DORSETSHIRE.

Lord Ashley
H. C. Sturt, Esq.... ...... . •••
G. Bankes, Esq.* •••
DURHAM (2..
... H. Lambton, Esq 1
Hon. H. Liddell •••
DURHAM (sotITH).
Lord Harry Vane
J. Bowes, Esq.
ESSEX (NORTH.)
_ -

Sir J. Tyrrell 1
C. J. Round Esq. ...
ESSEX (SOUTH.)
T. W. Bramston, Esq 1
G. Palmer, Esq.

FLINTSHIKE.

Mostyn, Esq•

GLAMORGANSHIRE.

Lord Adani
C. Talbot, Esq....
GLOUCESTER (EAST).
W. Codrington, Esq.
Hon. F. Charteris*

GLOUCESTER (WEST).
Hon. G. Berkeley
R. 13. Hale, Esq ...
HANTS (Nonni).
Right Hon. C. S. Lefevre
Sir W. Heathcote... ...

HANTS (SOUTH).
J. Fleming, Esq.
H. C. Comptcn, Esq.

... 1

HEREFORD.
K. Hoskins, Esc
Barkerville, Esq.*
•••
J. Bailey, Esq.*