The Sun.
London, England, 1841-06-22 00:00:00

THE SUN; LONDON, TVESDAt JUNE 22, II4I.

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the dependence and general indebtedness of the
agriculturists to the rest of the community to
illustrate the injurious effects which the Corn-
law has on them.
"'He is called on to pay a higher rent," " he
promises to pay twenty or thirty per cent. more
in consequence of some late high prices." By
that amount his obligations and his depen_
dente are certainly enhanced. The high price
of corn has an influence over the price of all the
things he purchases, including seed corn, &c.,
and increases his indebtedness to the shopkeeper
before his crops are gathered. The enhance-
ment of all his obligations by the Corn-
laws is certain, the chance of his obtain-
ing the Means of meeting them by a cor-
responding rise in the price of what he has
to sell, is contingent and uncertain. We be-
lieve, on the old principle, "that in the end the
usurer sweeps all into his till," as the farmer has
then to deal with the monied capitalist, that he
never will obtain a rise in the price of what he
sells corresponding to the rise in his rent, and in
the price of all which he has been obliged to buy.
It should also be remembered that prices are
influenced in some degree by the paper in circu-
lation, and the monied men with whom he has
to deal have a great control over the paper cir
culation, which they may, perhaps, contract in
autumn and winter, when they have to buy,
and expand in spring and summer, when they
have to sell. The Corn-law, then, aggravates
the unfavourable peculiarity in the condition of
the agriculturist which we have pointed out, and
makes him more indebted sand more dependent.
It increases his obligations, forces him to sell,
places him more at the mercy of the monied capi-
talist, and compels him to accept lower prices
than he ought for his produce. To in-
crease his independence, and make him as
much as possible a free agent, would be for the
best interest of the farmer ; the Corn-law in-
creases his certain burdens, diminishes his free
agency, and, by making him a greater debtor,
effectually prevents him from getting rich, if it
do not impoverish him.
The letter of the Agriculturist contains also an
important statement bearing on wages :
The great bulk of the consuming population in this
neighbourhood never taste meat, which they would do
if bread was cheaper. I am in the habit of selling a
considerable number of fat sheep to the Portsmouth
butchers, and they say they cannot sell meat when bread
is dear ; indeed a person may soon satisfy himself of
that fact by inquiring at any town in dear years. It is
said by those gentlemen, who are advocates of the pre-
sent Corn-laws, if you reduce the price wages would
fall in a corresponding proportion, and that th labourer
would not be benefited. I say quite the contrary, be-
cause I find in this neighbourhood that wages never do
vary with the variation in produce to the full extent, and
that dear years are invariably years of privation and
hardship to the labourer.
That is another important testimony to refute
the foolish Tory theory that wages vary with the
price of corn, which, on the face of it, over-
looks the fact that a great number of labourers
arc paid monthly or yearly wages, in which
changes are only made at long intervals, and are
never made to correspond with the yearly fluc-
tuations in the price of corn.

We copy from the Aberdeen Herald a state-
ment of the population of that city. The result
of the census is " that the increase during the
last ten years is not equal to the increase during
the preceding ten years." " The increase in the
manufacturing establishments has been much
less during the last than during the preceding
decennial period; and it is certain that within
two years back the number of hands actually
employed has been considerably diminished.'
The Corn-law, then, has achieved the object for
which it was passed, and is now upheld—it has
checked the increase of the manufacturing popu-
lation. The Tories have suceeded in the devilish
wofk of stopping the growth of our towns.
Betwixt the charge which we have, always
urged agaii:ist the Corn-laws—namely, that they
put human be; figs out of existence—and the as-
sertion of some of our friends, that the popula-
tion was advancing 2 t the rate of so many
thousand persons per (I.CrY, we have always
been aware of a contradiction. We adhere to
our own opinion ; the result of thd Census will
show, we think, that the increase of PoPula..
tion, the sign and source of social prosperity; has
been arrested by the starvation laws, and a blo;v
has been given to the healthy power of Great
Britain, which may cripple her for ever.

The Aberdeen Herald mentions another circum-
stance of some consequence, in reference to the
present discussion on the Timber Duties. "In the
spring of the present year nearly a hundred ship
carpenters, many of them with their families,
left the port to form a building establishment
in one of our North American colonies." The
effect, then, of the timber duties, is to drive men
abroad, instead of remaining to enrich the
mother country by their industry. All other
necessaries for ship-building, except timber and
corn, are cheaper here than in the colonies ; and
if timber could be brought hither freely, on pay-
ing a small duty, much of the ship-building
which is carried on in them would be carried on
at home. Now, much as we wish to see our
colonies prosperous, their prosperity ought not
to be obtained at the expense of the mother
country. The timber duties are a bounty to en-
rich them at our expense.

The number of appeals made to the working
classes in all the journals ought to convince them
that they hold at present a very high station in
political society. The. Tories are quite as
sensible of their influence as the Whigs or
the Radicals, but since they have discovered
that it is not likely to be exerted in their
favour, they deprecate its being exerted
at all. We believe that their own fate and the
fate of the country is now placed in the hands
of the labouring classes, and one manly and
simultaneous exertion on their part, one general
or rather universal expression of their opinion
in favour of a perfect free trade in
corn, cheap bread, plenty of employ-
ment, and high wages, would secure
the greatest change, or, we may say, the great-
est revolution, in the laws of the country that
ever was made. Tf the populace, we assert em-
phatically and from knowledge, declare gene-
rally in favour of cheap bread, the aristocracy,
whatever it may desire, will not resist the de-
'nand fur justice, when backed by the power of
the people.

We are happy to be able to assure our readers that
Lord PALMERSTON'S return for the borough of Tiverton
is all but certain. The Tories will, of course, make a
show of opposition against him ; but it will be a mere
show ; and we doubt much whether their pet candidate,
Mr. C. Ross, will even go to the poll. This is auspicious
tidings, more especially when it is borne in mind that
Tiverton is situated in one of the most decidedly agri-
cultural counties in England, and where, consequently,
it might reasonably be presumed that the clamour
against Corn-law Reform would be at its height. But
the Devonshire farmer is no longer what he once was.
The progress of events has enlightened him. Common
sense has silently and gradually worked a healing influence
upon his mind. The mischiefs accruing from a longsystem
of Tory misrule have been brought home to his own door;
and he has at length learned to discriminate between his
best friends and his worst enemies. Hence when Lord
PALMERSTON entered on his canvass of the Devonshire
farmers, he found he had no longer prejudiced, benighted
spirits to deal with, but a body of men shrewd, inqui-
ring, resolute, and fully capable of appreciating the sober,
convincing arguments he addressed to them. His canvass
was, in consequence, most flattering, and equally so the
profound respect and attention with which his Address to
the electors—a report of which will be found in another
column of The Sun—was listened to. In this Address,
which has the rare merit of being wholly devoid
of anything like cant or mysticism; which speaks
the truth, and speaks it boldly; which, scorning
all clap-trap appeals to the passions, is directed ex-
clusively to the reasoning faculties of its hearers ;
in this calm, convincing Address, his Lordship proves to
the satisfaction of every thinking man that the Minis-
terial Corn-law measure—we quote his own words—
instead of being an attack upon the agriculturists, is
designed t 3 preserve them from changes much to their
disadvantage." Lord PALMERSTON is right. Corn-law
Reform
is a direct benefit to the agriculturist ; and
herein lies the secret of Tory hostility to it. These
self-willed Monopolists are quite shrewd enough to fore-
see that the instant the eyes of the farmers are opened,
they will fully
appreciate the practical value of the Mi-
nisterial project
; hence their incessant endeavours
to misrepresent. its character, and rouse the
prejudices of the agriculturists by the unprincipled

declaration that it is' a direct attack upon their
interests. Were it really so, not a word would the
Tories say. against it, but keep themselves discreetly
aloof, knowing well that the blunder would immediately
recoil upon the Whigs ; but its excellence, as a great re-
medial measure, alarms them, and they are resolved, if
possible, to strangle it in the cradle ; for your true
Tory hates anything that wears the aspect of sound,
practical Reform, with as much cordial intensity as his
kinsman and patron, the Devil, is said to hate
holy water. Lord PALMERSTON was singularly happy
in his strictures on the . sugar monopoly, justly
remarking that it was . an oppressive tax upon
the general consumer, kept up for no other pur-
pose than to serve the selfish interests of the West
Indian planters. And yet it was but the other day that
..we voted twenty millions of hard cash to these injured
innocents, for which We are now annually paying not
less a sum than eight hundred thousand pounds !
Twenty millions to a set of men, who cry out that we
are doing all we can to ruin them ! What a world of
meaning is comprised in this one significant fact !

Sir GEORGE GREY and Mr. TUFFNELL made their
public entry into Devonport on Saturday evening, sur-
rounded by crowds of the Liberal electors of that
borough, who, with flags and banners, had gone a consi-
derable distance out of town to receive them. " DERny
DAwsoN," brother-in-law of the would-be Premier, has
taken the field as the nominee of the Tories ; and
though he does not stand the shadow of a chance of
being returned, the fact of his re-appearance on a stage
where he has been already twice defeated, creates much
excitement among the constituency. Devonport re-
jected Mr. D_A.WSON when in office, so that he has no-
thing to hope from his being a candidate for place.
Better representatives in Parliament than Sir GEORGE
GREY and Mr. TUFFNELL, the Liberal electors of Devon-
port could not desire, and right glad are we that the im-
portance of their public services is properly appreciated
by their constituents. Letters received this morning
from Devonport state the Liberal party there is nobly
discharging its duty to itself and the country at large.
" Down with the Corn-laws" is the motto of every Re-
former in Devonport.

We arc given to understand that the leaders of the
Liberal party at Norwich have effected a compromise
with the Tories ; and that all the honest electors of that
city have determined on resisting to the utmost what
they justly look on as a sentence of disfranchisement.
'We conjure them to persevere in this resolution. The
watch-words of every Reformer in Norwich should be
no compromise—no surrender. lie should hold nothing
in common with the Tories, but avoid the faction, as he
would a pestilence. There can be no half-measures pur-
sued with safety in a case of this sort. To coalesce
with a Tory is to play the part of an Iscariot, and be-
tray the cause of Reform. How can a man who calls him-
self a Liberal, assist in furthering the return of the Mar-
quis of Dot to ? If Norwich be true to herself—true to
the cause which she professes to have so much at heart—
she will lose not a moment in resisting all attempts that
may be made by the mere trimming, time-serving class of
her electors to compromise with the hated Tory faction.
We subjoin the following spirited address, which has
just been issued on the occasion :--
TO THE INDEPENDENT ELECTORS OF NORWICH.
Electors ! will you be sold? Will you allow your franchise
and the well-being and safety of the country to be sacrified by
a clique of interested individuals, who may be influential, but
are not the friends of the people, if they thus sell your dearest
rights? Rights for which your forefathers suffered bonds, im-
prisonments, and even death. You are the parties who
should act, and unto you the un-enfranchised look for pro-
tection ;up then and be doing ! Throw off such traitors to the
cause of liberty. Let your watchword be No Compromise
A requisition to a most eloquent Advocate of your interests
will be laid at various parts of the city, for signature, in the
early part of the ensuing week,—when all who despise slavery
in any shape,—who hate the monopoly of the franchise by a few
—are earnestly requested to sign.
Committee-room, Vineyard, Magdalen-street,
June 19th, 1841.

We have received the whole of the Paris journals of
Friday and Saturday. They contain no political news
of any interest. Baron MEUNIER having complained
in the Chamber of Peers of the inhuman way in which
the war was carried on in French Africa, and of the
large augmentation of troops for that service, Marshal
SOULT said that the recent exchange of two hundred
prisoners, under the auspices of the venerable Bishop of
ALGIERS, who had so benevolently taken an active part
in the transaction, would, he trusted, convince the world
of the desire of the French Government to give to the
war in Algeria a character more in unison with the
practices of civilised states. He was glad to add, that
AI3D-EL-KADER himself had paid a tribute to the humanity
of the French, by ordering that no more heads should be
brought to him, and declaring that if any were
brought the bearers should be without reward.
As regarded the destruction of the dwellings and
establiihments of the Arabs, he would obserVe
that it was one of the necessities of war—a
necessity which was unavoidable, but which also he saw
with unfeigned regret. With respect to the augmenta-
tion of troops in Algeria, and the statement that the aug-
mentation was daily going on, and would be continued,
he begged to say that he did not anticipate any necessity
of the kind, and, on the contrary,' thought that in a
sho:!; time the Government would be able to recal some
of the t:'^o
PS." This explanation gave great satisfaction
to the Cham!'er•
According to
(ourrier Francais, M. Hamann wtll not
bring his new loan intothe money market before October.
The Commerce says tha,i. Is soon as the Session of the Le-
gislative Chamber is officially cl.;'seti, the King will visit Eu,
but will not proceed at all this year to Pau and the South of
F;:tnce.
The Augsburgh Gazette gives a letter front Hamburgh, of
the 9th instant, asserting that Lord Palmerston has refused to
ratify the Treaty entered into with the Hanseatic towns, :.s his
Lordship cannot, in the present position of affairs, take upon
himself to effect so great a change in the Navigation Act.
Prince Paul of Wurtemberg has arrived at Stuttgardt from
Paris.
Prince Michael Wolkonski was married at Warsaw, on the
2d inst., to the Princess Anne Paskiewitsch, daughter of the
Field-Marshal, and Maid of Honour to the Empress.
Lieutenant-General Halkett has been appointed to the com-
mand of the Ist division of the Hanoverian infantry.
A letter from Constantinople, in the Augsburg Gazette,
says :
" The Turkish army in Syria amounts to 20,000 men, and
the troops sent to Candia to 5,000. The garrison of Constan-
tinople, including the guards and the artil!ery, consist of
25,000 men, and there are 5 to 6,000 men in the forts of the
Dardanelles ; thus all this force amounts to only 55,000 men.
In the capital, the provinces, the fortresses, Romelia and Asia-
Minor, there are only imperfect regiments and battalions
which do not amount to 50,000 men, so that the whole of
the regular army is only 100,000. The mortality this year is
great. The typhus fever has been raging at Constantinople
since the month of January. In the four military hospitals
which contain 2,000 sick. 350 to 400 have died, and every re-
giment has several hundred men invalided every six months.
A numerous band of forgers, who have been counterfeiting
the notes of the National Bank of Austria, have just been dis•
covered in the Grand Duchy of Modena.
Accounts from Bourg furnish us with some additional par-
ticulars in the affair of Besson, whose re-appearance, after
having been so long beiieved to be murdered, is attended with
so much mystery. On the 9th inst. the men accused, but ac-
quitted of the murder, and who have since been in custody on
the minor charge of robbery, were released, on the denial of
Besson that they were concerned in the actual attack which he
admits was made upon him, and the circumstances of which are
still unknown, except that it is said, on the examination of the
person of Boston by men of the faculty, the scar of a slight
wound above one of his shoulders has been discovered, and it
appears he has been several times bled in the arm. The wit-
nesses on the trial of Savey for the murder have been, it ap-
pears, committed for perjury. Pierre Goyet persists in his
declaration that he saw a man murdered by Philibert Savey,
and that being caught by him at the time, he was made to lay
his hand on the dead body, and swear that he would never re-
veal the act, adding, that he saw the body, covered with blood,
the following morning in the wood of Arnac.
SWINDLING.—The Emancipation of Toulouse gives the
following account of an impudent attempt at swindling :—" A
person assuming the name of Ribes, presented himself a short
time since, to M. Dorrieu, Receiver-General of the Aude, re-
siding at Carcassonne, and requested to open an account with
him, having arranged with M. de Bray, Receiver-General of
the Haute Garonne, to pay intolll.lDurrieu's hands 150,000 fr.,
which that functionary was to realise for him. At the same
time he produced a paper signed by M. de Bray, acknow-
ledging that he had received from Ribes bills to the amount
stated, and for which he would give credit when received.
M. Durrieu having acceded; to the request pf Ribes, this per -
sonage retired, saying he intended to make purchases of pro-
perty in that country, and was returning to Toulouse. Two
days afterwards, M. Durrieu was surprised by receiving a let-
ter from M. Ribes, dated at Somali, requesting a remittance o
25,600 fr., on account of the 150,000 fr., to meet an urgent and
unexpected demand. M. Durrieu, before parting with the
money, prudently wrote to 111. de Bray to inquire whether
any of the bills in his hands had been paid. This blew up the
plot, for none of them had been, nor were they likely to be
realised. Informations were laid before the Magistrates of
Toulouse, and Ribes has been arrested at Narbonne, with the
fraudulent documents in his possession.
On Thursday the annual distribution of prizes was made in
the Hall of the Institute by the Academie Francaise. M. de
Jouy was in the chair, and all the most distinguished members
of the Academy were present. A report was read by M, Vd-
lemain, and the prizes were then given away. One of 5,000 f.
was awarded to M. Reybaud, author of " Studies on Modern
Socialists, St. Simon, Fourier, and Owen ;" another of 3,000 f.
to M. Dubourg, for his " Life of Cardinal de Cheverus," and
several smaller prizes were declared. The prize of poetry was
given to M. A. Deseessarts, for his work on " The Infancy of
Civilization and of Christianity in the East." The first Gobert
prize was declaredto be still due to M. Augustin Thierry ; and
the second.was awarded to M. Bazin, for his " History of
France under Louis XIII." The sitting ended with a report
by the President on the Monthyon prizes for humane conduct,
and with their distribution.
ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY. —A large and distinguished as-
semblage, among whom were General Coletti, the Greek Am-
bassador, Count Gasparin, M. GeotTroi,
of the Institute, M.
Isms:ben, and M. F. Delessert, met on Wednesday evening at
the Hotel Meurice, to listen to the philanthropic expositions
and arguments of Messrs. Forster, J. J. and Samuel Gurney,
members of the London Society for the Abolition of Slavery,
against that inhuman system. The business of the evening
was opened by Mr. Forster, who briefly explained the great ob-
ject of the Society, and the beneficial results it has produced
during the sixty years it has existed. I.llr. J. J. Gurney then
took apneral view of the state of slavery in America and the
West Indies, proving, by facts collected by itisia,7!lf during
his recent travels in those countries, the salutary etfeets of
the emancipation of the negroes in the British colonies ; and
by detailing the present flourishing condition of the island
of Antigua, he showed that the abolition might have been
effected without previous apprenticezhip, and even with.
out any indemnity to the slave-owners. During his address,
Mr. J. J. Gurney was repeatedly interrupted by loud plaudits;
Mr. Samuel Gurney depicted the frightful state of the slaves in
the island of Cuba and other colonies, and demonstrated the
necessity for France to follow the example of England in abo-
lishing slavery in her settlements. M. Francois Delessert re-
turned thanks to the three phililithropists, expressing a hope
that France may soon be induced to follow in the footsteps of
England, and take a decisive part in these measures, so greatly
in the interest of moralityland humanity. The assembly sepa-
rated at eleven o'clock, full of admiration for the three mem-

bars of the Society of Friends, who have devoted a large por.
Lion of their lives and fortunes to promote so sacred a cztre.
These gentlemen had bt en on Tuesday evening presented at
the soiree of M. Guizot, where they received from the Minister
and many eminent men numerous marks of interest and esteem.
Galignani.
We have received the following letter :
" Totmorr, JUNE 15.—The Acheron steamer, which was
sent from our port on the 27th of May, with de.patches from
the French Consul at Canea, in the isle of Candia, returned
yesterday. This vessel left Candia on the sth, and has not to
perform quarantine, as it has had no communication on the way.
" Tahir Pacha, the Turkish High Admiral, was there with
twelve vessels, one of which is a frigate bearing his flat, anti
two steamboats; the rest are transports. The 9,000 Turks
and Albanians who have been landed in the island, have com-
menced operations against the insurgents. A very smart ac-
tion had taken place in the plain some leagues distant from
Suda. The Turks say that they had the advantage, and that
the whole coast and the plain are free ; the insurgents, they say,
are driven into the mountains.
One fact is certain, namely, that in consequence of the
blockade the insurgents eould not receive anything from Greece,
and were in want of arms and ammunition ; but they had
armed themselves with lancer, pickaxes, and other instruments;
they had very few muskets. It was said in the country that
the Turks would never be able to penetrate into the mountains.

There was an English frigate at Canea.
The Semaphore, of Marseilles, of the 15th, says—" A tele-
graphic despatch from Toulon, received here yesterday, an-
nounces that the Dante, Levant packet, which has been ex-
pected at Marseilles ever since the 11th, had been obliged to
put into Civita Vecchia, having sustained some damage.
" In consequence of this despatch the Leonidas is ordered
to go and take the Dante in tow, and bring it to Marseilles.
We do not know whether the despatches which the Dante had
on board will be given to some other steam-boat before the ar-
rival of the Leonidas."—Le Commerce. _ _ _