The Sun.
London, England, 1840-08-28 00:00:00

TRANSLATION.

raix.

Foreign Office, July 15, 1840.
The French Government has received during the whole
ceurse of the negotiations, which commenced in the autumn
of last year, the most reiterated, manifest, and incontest-
able proofs net only of the desire of the Courts of Austria,
Great Britain, Prussia, and Russia, to come to an under-
striedieg with the French Government on the necessary
arrangements to effect the pacification of the Levant, but
also of the great importance which these Courts have
never ceased to attach to the moral effect that the
union and concurrence of tha five powers would pro-
duce in en affair so seriously and intimately connected
eerh the maintenance of European peace. The four
Courts have sten with the deepest regret that all their
etroets to attain their object have been fruitless; and not-
,c,;hstanclin4 that even rece:-,tly they have proposed to
Fence to join them in the execution of an arrangement
I.)ereveen the Sultan and Mehemet Ali, based on ideas
eeoenced towards the end of last year by the French Am-
bassador in London, still the French Government has not
iought it could join in this arrangement, and has made
concurrence with the other Powers dependent upon
reeelitions which those Powers have 'considered incompati-
ble with the maintenance of the independence and inte-
g'ity of the Ottoman Empire, and with the future tran-
yliility of Europe.
1.1 this state of things the four Courts had no other
choice than to abandon to chance for the future the great
effeirs which they had engaged to arrange, and thus to
prove their impotency and to expose the peace of Europe
to daily increasing dangers, or, on the other hand, to adopt
the resolution of proceeding without the co-operation of
Fence, in order to bring about, by means of their united
ti hurts, a solution of the complications of the Levant, in
conformity with the engagements which the four Courts
have contracted with the Sultan, and of a nature to ensure
future peace.
Placed between these two choices, and persuaded of the
urgency of an immediate decision, and in conformity with
the important interests involved therein, the four Courts
,have thought it their duty to resort to the latter of the
at;ereatives; and they have consequently just concluded
with the Sultan a Convention destined to settle, in a satis-
feetory manner, the Complications actually existing in the
Levant.
The four Powers, in signing this Convention could not
but feel the greatest regret to find themselves thus
momentarily aeparated from France in an affair so essen-
ially European ; hut this regret is diminished by the rt-
i crated declarations which the French Government has
suite to then that it has nothing to object to
the zerengereents which the Four Powers desire
to _melee Mehemet Ali accept, provided Mehemet Ali
coments to them ; and that in no case will
Feanee oppose the' measures which the four Courts, in
,•oricert with the Sultan, might judge necessary to obtain
the assent of the Paella of Egypt; and that the only mo-
tive which has prevented France from uniting with the
eeller Powers on this occasion is derived from considera-
titins of various kinds, which renJered it impossible for the
French Government to take a part in coercive measures
iigairist-Mehemet Ali.
The four Courts entertain, then, the well-grounded
lieve.tbat their separation from France oat this subject
will; be only of short duration, and will not in any
,manger interfere with the relations of sincere friend.
si-ip which they so earnestly desire to preserve with
.France ; and, moieover, they anxiously address them-
.lves ti the French Government, in order to obtain, its
rnoi-al support, notwithstanding they cannot hope for its
nwitellai co-operation.

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LONDON:
FRIDAY, AUGUST 28, 1840.

Great as has been the European interest excited
by the signing of the Quadruple Treaty of the
15th of July for the settlement of the Eastern
question—general as have been the forebodings of
an European war, consequent upon the ratification
of that treaty—and deep as has been the regret of
the people of England at finding France all at once
isolated from a friendly co-operative alliance with
the mighty members of the European family of
nations, it is reasonable to expect that the publica-
tion of the State Paper, which will be found in
another part of The Sun, setting forth in the
clearest light the course pursued by the Four
Powers—their object in pursuing that course--
and their solicitude to prevent that isolation of
France which has afflicted the friends of peace
throughout Europe, will excite a still greater,
dcepe', and more general, curiosity, interest, and
anxiety. This important paper is a copy of the
note addressed on the 15th of July—the very day
of the signing of the Treaty of London—by the Re-
presentatives of England, Austria, Russia, and
Prussia to M. GUIZOT, the French Ambassador
and Plenipotentiary at the Court of London. In
this note the Four Powers emphatically state, that
for a period of at least six months, that is, from
the autumn of 1839 to the 15th of July, 1840, the
whole time of the negotiations on the Eastern
question, they did all that they could to prevail
upon France to unite with them in a measure for
the pacification of the Levant—that the measure
now resolved upon was submitted to, and approved
of, by France, provided MEttEmET Aer could be
brought to submit to it—that in the judgment of
the Four Powers this measure could not be aban-
doned without exposing to certain danger the peace
of Europe—that France refused to become a party
to it on considerations of delicacy, wholly uncon-
nected with the shadow of an objection to its in-
trinsic justice—and, finally, that in signing it the
Four Powers sought from the goodwill, the pacific
intentions, and the friendship of France, her
powerful mediation with Mehemet Ali for the set-
tlement of the question in the manner proposed,
without the necessity of having recource to a
joint coercive policy. Assuming, as we have a
right, and as we are bound to do, the correctness
of these statements—taking for granted that events
THE MANTES TUNNEL.—The p , I succeeded events in the manner here so clearly and
w nat
i 3 termed " driving the piles" in this undertaking °f'
so satisfactorily indicated, we are totally at a loss to
seeding rapidly. The total number of feet file,Timonrhgeetihws,,lplierie:
,r 10,„ Walming to that on the Rotherhithes'
exactly 1,300, when the Tunnel is completed. 'discover any just grounds for the irritation—the war-
like frenzy—manifested by the French Government
men, having reach" the NlRldlesex side of the river, and peopl subsequent to the signing of the treaty
engaged in carrying the extent of the Tunnel ra,-
as tte wharf wall at Wapping, to reach which only .3:f'tr of London. France was not duped, as the French
more are required, and then the whole distance will be
accomplished. The average number of feet which the
Journals have not only insinuated but asserted,
man arc able to finish in a week is three; there is every It was neither the wish nor the interest of the Four
peebabilipv, therefore, of the Tunnel being completed in
and four months from this period. The Powers to take any steps without her knowledge,
h,,htowit.e.eont. threethe
premises which it was requisite to remove for \ and if possible, without her concurrence. She
7hc purpose of forming the entrance at SA
apping have been had an interest with England, Austria, and Russia,
lied down, and the expenses attached to purchasing the •
Vi,rueoertv, which was very valusble, and remunerating the in the settlement of the Eastern question in such a
.ccmlpiers of the houses, will form no small in the manner as should secure the independence and in-
pecearits ; as it is, however, the 'funnel wilt
terity of Turkey. 13ut what serves for a com-
b, Cti:rat I.,ted at a cost of less than half a million of money,
pig ete answer to these insinuations which are in
ri.c mi,•Dr; -3 STEAM-SHIP. This vessel
tended to madden France, by representing
;,,twerp from London on the 20:h inst:, in 22
I
hours: Having arrived on the Flemish cuast much sooner her honour as wounded, the very basis of the
stop her engines I Treaty of London was in the words of the
thin was expected, she was obliged to
:about two hours, waiting for daylight, before the pilot
wi,uld take her into the Scheldt ; in consequence of which by
note " enounced towards the end of last year
site had the ebb tide of that river to contend against the French Ambassador in London I" all the
I
atay ; she had, also the flood tido of the Thames against I Thus the
her in
going down the river; but for these circumstances, Four Powers were content to receive from France
the very ideas upon which the treaty is based, and
she would have made a remarkably quick passage.
NEW CHESHIRE MAGISTRATES.—We are
to ask no more from her than that she would abide
I
glad to learn that the Lord Chancellor has appointed the
-llowing gentlemen Magistrates for the c(of Ches-
to.--namcly, Henry Winch, cf Lithun d
by the policy officially and authoritatively•
indicated
herself only a few mouths before the (late of the
Seas,lembe ; I. W. Harden, of Liscard, Esqe,rEaß.riarrisjte!"3: by
at-Law ; and J. C. Ewart; et New Brighton.
Literal in i• sq. \s treaty in question. It was then France who shifted
believe that all the three. tete
services are muchpo and. we
are quite sure that theirher course, and expected that the Great Powers
ired in the
district in which they will be called required Would quietly move in her wake without hesitation or
upon to act. Liver.
wool T'inies4 remonstrance. The policy of Europe was expected

The Mfluerce of the French Government is powerful in
.Alexandra ; and may not the four Courts hope, and even
demand of the friendship of the French Government that
this influence- be exercised with Mehemet Ali, with the
view of inducing. the Pacha to give his adhesion to the
arrarrgementS which ar,:. about to be proposed to him by
tl e &limn?

if the French Government could by these means effi
er.cit.Nusly contribute to put an end to the complications
of the Levant, this Government Would acquire fresh titles
tutke gratitude and esteem of all the friends of peace.

to be changed to hatmonize with the change in her
Cabinet. As we stated several me alths ago, M.
THIERS had rashly given pledges to' MEHEMET
Am, which were only to be redeel ned by veer-
ing in a contrary direction from.. that fol-
lowed by Marshal SOULT and Cotunt MOLE.
The Four Powers had gone too far to _recede with
honour, or to remain stationary without perilling
the repose of Europe. Lamenting the secession
of France they could only offer as a salve to the
wounded amour propre of the Minister, who had
only himself to blame, the dignified and imposing
office of mediator between them and the Viceroy.
Whether the office was formally accepted we ex-
pect soon to be informed ; but the mission of M.
PERIER to Alexandria would indirectly authorise
the conclusion that it was, and the failure of that
mission, that it was rejected by the ungrateful pro-
tege of the French Premier.
In whatever way, then, the French Government
and the French nation receive the publication of
this most important State Paper, the publication
of others as well authenticated, and of a contrary
import, will be necessary to raise a suspicion in the
breasts of our countrymen of the good faith and
the amicable intentions by which Lord PALMER-
STON and his colleagues were actuated throughout
these very delicate negotiations. Neither the carp-
ing of Tory Journals, nor the misrepresentations of
the French Press, will close their eyes, or pervert
their understanding, to the obvious and all-compre-
hensible fact, that France was the original pro-
poser of the Treaty of London, and that the policy
of the Four Powers was the very policy chalked out
by France only a few months ago. Again Englishmen
cannot fail to observe that while no .new phase of
European politics offered a pretext for the sudden
• change in the Oriental policy of France, the Four
Powers in their joint note carefully abstain from
' characterising, as they might have done, such levity
in the disposal of questions affecting the repose of
the world, as France has here exhibited. In their
desire to soothe and conciliate France, wounded in
her vanity by the egregious presumption, and un-
scrupulous faithlessness of M. THIERS, we cor-
dially unite ; and we trust that the exposition no N
given, will remove whatever impression remains on
the minds of Frenchmen unfavourable to the un-
changeable good faith of this country. As a mediator
between the Great Powers and the Viceroy, France
has it still in her power to perform a part worthy of
her greatness, her civilization, and her glory—a
part which will give her a claim to the strongest
friendship of contemporary nations, and the grati-
tude of posterity. May she have the wisdom wor-
thily to discharge the glorious functions of a peace-
maker and peace-preserver !

The desperate straits to which the Tories are
driven to find fault with the Ministers, whose
greatest fault is their imitation of the Tories, was
well exemplified by the Times of yesterday morning.
It appears, according to that journal, that some
schemer has invented, or fancies he has invented, a
plan which " involves the annihilation of every
known system of naval warfare." " , The Sailor
King' was caught by the invention, and referred it
to Sir RICHARD KEATS." "In company with a
naval officer of forty years' standing, who fought at
Trafalgar, and was the companion of Sir SYDNEY
SMITH, (not a few imbeciles might fulfil the
conditions,) he examined it, and reported that
no ship in the navy, nor garrison on shore,
could resist this stupendous combination of
forces ;" all which, and ten times more was
said of the steam-gun ten or twelve years,
ago, which has dwindled into a mere toy to amuse i
the holiday boys ' When they visit the Gallery of
Practical Science. Before the good old KING
could reward this 'murderous inventor, he was called
away, and since then it appears the Ministers have
turned the cold shoulder on him. Poor man, he
has " expended 35,000/. in perfecting his inven-
tion, and has involved himself in the most distress-
ing embarrassment," and " the Ministers will not
advance him any money." We pity him ; but only
the rabidness of a disappointed captious party spirit,
at a loss for just ground of censure, could torture
these into " alarming and disgraceful facts,
for the national supremacy, if not safety,
is endangered by the culpable conduct of her Ma-
jesty's Ministers." A schemer is not rewarded,
and England's supremacy or safety is endangered 1
What a glorious piece of absurdity. If her su-
premacy or safety depended on such- circumstances
it would not be worth a week's purchase, and would
be held at the mercy of the greatest quack of the
day. A more idle and disgraceful accusation was
never made by a journal pretending to a character
for common sense and common sagacity. It is un-
worthy even of the present furious partizanship
of the Times.

, The manner in which the writer in that journal
1 mingles abuse with pathos and horror is quite
. amusing. " The base creatures of the Admiralty,"
it says, " are willing to expose to danger the lives
and property of all their fellow-subjects, in order
that they may enjoy a few months' salary." " Great
is the culpability of Lord MELBOURNE, and most
serious the responsibility he has incurred to his
country and mankind." That is a sample of the
abuse. Then comes a sorrowful lamentation over
our departed greatness : " our Navy might still
have existed." It is blown up then already,
gone sailors and all, and men know it no
more. " Now," adds our Contemporary, " that
the inventor is compelled to go abroad, or
appeal publicly to his countrymen, the de-
struction of our wooden walls by a foreign
foe, or its disuse by ourselves—(the grammar
matches the logic !)—is inevitable." " For John
Bull," says the sagacious scribe, who has seen him
pay million after million for ships to rot in harbour,
to be built and pulled to pieces again, " will not
I submit to pay hundreds of thousands of pounds to
build a ship, which at three miles' distance may be
sent into fragments at a moment." There is the
horror. All the nautical skill of our sailors
is at once annihilated. Some single schemer
has put an end to Britain's greatness:
BONAPARTE, at the head of all the armies
of Europe, was a mere fly, compared to
this giant of destruction. The great deed, how-
ever, which the Times seems to have expected of
him, was to blow the Ministers out of office ; but
they enjoy " a few months' salary," in spite of this
potent genius, and his potent ally. Neither our
wooden-walls nor the Ministers, are yet destroyed
by these annihilators, who resemble each other in
making a prodigious fuss, and effecting nothing.
They may ruin themselves by their inventions, but
we must see the proof, before we believe that they
will injure others.
Within our recollection there have been at least a
score of similar inventions, each of which was to
change the whole face of war. They have, how-
ever, had but a very slight influence, and have not
altered in the least, that we are aware of, the rela-
tive power of the different nations of Europe.
Such inventions soon cease to be secrets, and their
advantages or disadvantages arc shared alike by all.
The greatest change in the art of war folloted the
invention of gunpowder. Whatever influence that
may have had in insuring the superiority of Euro-
peans over the natives of America and Asia, it does
not seem to have altered the relative force of the
different civilized powers of Europe. The whole
article in the Times, therefore, is framed on false
analogies and exaggerated views ; the reasoning is , '