The Sun.
London, England, 1841-02-10 00:00:00

ON, WEDNESIAY, FEBRUARY 10, 184 E.

and which it is rather diabOl%al: o.:lirift..ati:--it
completely prevents our artizans antl.:..tna:thine'l
makers from manufacturing:Mashinery 4,i...ie-
foreign market. It banishcS.'.litioliA Workmen
to the Continent, by prohibit-i-vigttheM frbin.ex-....
porting. the produce of their i4:thistfy-..a.ndi.Akill..:.
This is a state of the law whibti'regiiires-rd-riAibil,...
and we trust Mr. PHILLIPS WIIk crbtaiii the. om-.=_.
mittee for which he is to move:: - . ~.., .
' That the manufacturers of -maeltineryi- now a-:
numerous class of men, as ,tlig• is -now .a.rnostf
important branch of manufactuk;.vi;:atild ba.ll4ine
fated by the removal of the przhibition,Aigreis:
no doubt. The only persons -wine have pn. inte-i'
rest in retaining the prohibition, are fliej`psi•scing'
who use the machines, and ikliii-inax tear_a• ptill'
more intense, and for them distitlKant4totS,iebnal..
petition with the users of such iil4.cliineS'aV.i.oail.:,
They will now however show #kes.l.FSense,:ofjnotitet.
by not asking to retain the undue prefVence
which the law concedes to them.' ,-.-- - ,/:;-.2*-.-.-....--r••
They think, probably, thatirthey-lcan :keep:.
exclusive possession of Me Machinbir they 'flay
struggle successfully ,Kith th'e'inth-Rrfatifrer'S.,:pr
other countries. But they.scpulot:Lke'efi.the
advantages. They ci4nnot prtvent-ifte expairia*:
tion of workmen, arid they.rannot. make' ‘them.,:
before they go, disg:orge their:Asn 6wledsfe, ;itlitt
unlearn their skill; .and if fliqYWOTtiideh. :fili,:
better market abroad than at,liplie,kil,ili,e,o,4):l-;
acatnhoonailey.beTkoeupterantiihtotkiihtpoyal4anzaitg.toa:,-.
Ttgaihgvee:sr
the machinists thoseaasel.i:ll::f
4,1:31:11..3ak,P.:9..,1
freely into the home market.fii.r.machineg-A-s tii,
hibiOry law, however, giveS '-tt.o...thilsers- of,flik,,
inofatellileinnehs aTilineon2.a.Pcohliiriists !,i.-rei:--irr Pact, -inittred'.!
with a view to benefit the English.qhfitiug4i;roi.,
Abolish the injury—that id, ,:abt4illfithq vrala-',
bition—and the niachinist ,•Ai.1)..14 '.,e' f.ttrilsi
temptation, or no temptation at M:44o.g.:o,_alf.cid.,
He will make machinery at 141arie,i4large'Lqininzi,
tides, for lie has greater facin.ties -hgrg,t.l*Al-ttti„
where, and he will export it,'t% 'ln fa.o,,thilaami-;
facture of machinery is an _art- in villitli-Vtiftifil•
is now unrivalled, and our 1..w.5, ouglit .notlo im:.
pede the extensioti of so val.,i+ble aril ingoliottSi
a branch of industry. GreailSritain is capable o
manufacturing ?machinery fo'.4 the whole world;".'
By what right do the law-441t ere rbliiTAt. liar' t
from attaining this eminent so IA *),07-#3lole
...toi
Great Britain, and. so beneficial
.t 4, the rest 4.1
mankind?

We read and quoted witl-Pgreatfpleasure, on
Friday week, Sir R. PEEL'S -r.rd.dreS:stbn, opening
the Literary Institution at Tdinwortii. We saw
in it much to admire, and NiNtre redly to praise
the Right Hon. Baronet as a, convert to princi-
ples which his party had continually opposed.
He advocated the progress of knowledge, and he
implied thatit is very beneficial, if not all-suffi-
cient. We were not at all surprised, therefore, to:
find the Right Hon. Baronet's addi.ess severelk:
censured in the Times of last Friday. The attack
appeareAin the form of a letter, (No. I. of a series,
we presume, though No. 11. has not yet appeared,)
which was honoured with large types, leads, &c.,
to make it as conspicuous as possible, without
elevating it to a leader. The JoUrnal was willing
to inflict that chastisement by the hands of
another which prudence forbad it to inflict by its

own hand.
The writer says—
I shall surprise no one who hai carefully read Sir Robert's
Address, and perhaps all who have not; by stating my convic-
tion, that, did a person take it up without looking at the title-
page, he would to a certainty set it down to be a production of
the years 1827 and 1828, the scene Gower-street, the speaker
Mr. Brougham or Dr. Lushington, and the occasion, the laying
the first stone or the inauguration of the then called London
University. I profess myself quite unable to draw any satisfac-
tory line of difference between the Gower-street and the
Tamworth exhibition, except, of course, that Sir Robert's
personal religious feeling breaks out in his Address across his
assumed philosophy. I say assumed ; I might say affected—
for I think toolvell of him to believe it to be genuine.

What a character is given. of Toryism and of
its chief in that single passage. In it volumes of
instruction are compressed. ITypocrisy is its
corner-stone. The writer accuses Sir ROBERT
PEEL, he belonging to Sir ROBERT'S party, of as-
suming and affecting philosophy, and he thinks
_ _

too well of Sir ROBERT to believe that ,his lan-
guage was sincere. He professes a burning ad-

miration for deceit. He openly avows, speaking
genuine Toryism, that it is vicious to be honest.
What a mass of crime is involved in that single
sentence which concludes the quotation. Hypo-
crisy, lying, cheating, and boasting of immorality:
It is the sketch of Toryism by a master hand.
" They best can paint it" who know it best, and
such a description by the Tory Times is a gem to
be preserved in the cabinet of every Liberal.
Sir ROBERT'S philosophy, though " assumed"
and " affected," resembling the genuine philo-
sophy of Lord BROUGHAM and Dr. LUSHING-
TON, is what moves the writer's anger. The
more knowledge is exalted the less the ministra-
tions of a priesthood are necessary; and to lessen
the value and importance of these sets some
persons scolding and hissing as if water were
thrown on red-hot iron. They will not allow
knowledge even to be hypocritically praised,
without taking up arms. Sir ROBERT, following
in the wake of Lord BROUGHAM and Drl,Lusn-

INGTON, as well as quoting Sir IsAAC NEWTON
and Sir H. DAVY, came to the conclusion that
" man in becoming wiser became better—that
he rose in the scale of intellectual and moral
existence—and that, in proportion as the veil
becomes thinner through- which he sees
the cause of things, he will admire
more the brightness of the Divine light
by which they are rendered perceptible. "My
firm belief is," said the Right Hon. Baronet,
" that that superior sagacity which is most con-
versant with the course and constitution of nature,
which sees the wondeVul preparations which are
made for the subsistence and enjoyment of the
meanest animal, will be the first to believe that
the Almighty Being, who has made such prepa-
rations for mere physical enjoyment, has not left
in neglect and indifference the immortal soul of
man." All such doctrines are gall and worm-
wood to those who teach that the knowledge
of the world never can lead to GOD; that it is
a hindrance to faith in their doctrines; that to
see GOD man must exclude or conquer the phy-
sical world; that physical enjoyment, which the
Right Hon. Baronet regards as a proof of the
Divine existence, and as sufficient to justify a
belief in another life, is the chief snare laid by
the Devil; all such doctrines are directly op-
posed to the doctrines taught by a large body of
of the Established Priests, if not by the whole of
them, and therefore it is that one of their repre-
sentatives speaks in the Tory Times of the Right
lion. Baronet's doctrines in the following lan-
guage :
On the occasion in question Sir Robert gave expression to a
theory of morale and religion, which, of course, in a popular
speech, was not put out in a very dogmatic form,,but wkich,
when analysed and fitted together, reads somewhat as follows :
Human nature, he seems to say, if left to itself, becomes
sensual and degraded. Uneducated men live in the indulgence
of their pissions, or, if they are merely taught to read, they dis-
sipate and debase their minds by trifling on vicious pub:ications.
Education is the cultivation of the intellect and heart, and use-
ful knowledge is the great instrument of education. It is the
parent of virtue, the nurse of religion ; it exalts man to his
highest perfection, and is the sufficient scope of his most earnest
exertions.
Physical and moral science rouses, transports, exalts, enlarges,
tranquillizes, and satisfies the mind. Its attractiveness obtains
a hold over us ; the excitement attending it supersedes grosser
excitements ; it makes us know our ditty, and thereby enables
us to do it ; by taking the mind off' itself, it destroys anxiety ;
and by providing objects of admiration, it soothes and sub-
dues us.
And, in addition, it is a kind of neutral ground, on which
men of every shade of politics and religion may meet together,
disabuse each other of their prejudices, form intimacies, and
practise co-operation.
This, it is almost needless to say, is the very theory,. ex-
pressed temperately, in which Mr. 13rougham once expatiated
in the Glasgow and London Universities.
• •
•
It is reserved for few to witness the triumph of their own
opinions ; much less to witness it in the instance of their own
d.rect and personal opponents. Whether the Lord Brougham
of this day feels all that satisfaction and inward peace which he
attributes to success of whatever kind in intellectual elorts, it
is not for me to decide ; but that he has achieved, to speak in
his own style, a mighty victory, and is leading in chains be-
hind his chariot heels a great captive, is a fact beyond ques-
tion. Such is the reward in 1841, for unpopularity in 1827. •
What, hoyievlr, is a boast to Lord Brougham, is in the
some preportion, 'slur upon the fair fame of Sir Robert Peel,
at lest in thdjuilgment of these who bare hitherto been his
friends. t
lirhethe'r fir ROBERT were only shamming
Lord BROtTGIIAINI'S wisdom and sagacity, as the
da
Tory wriOriays or whether he wee hre in eomarnge toest,
at Tamworfa, and really paying
" divine philosophy," the
palpable discrepancy
between Mm and the priest party is not the less
remarkable, and the homage, whether sincere or
not, which he has paid to the importance of
knowledge, is not the less deserving of
public approbation. The bitter hostility which
is avowed to his doctrines must• prove that
the Priest and the Ultra-Tory party have a
deadly enmity to knowledge, and will crush it,
though encouraged by Sir R. PEEL, wherever
they can. That is their creed. Toryism and
knewledr.re, Toryismi tuid biumanitr, are antl*-
liist prilie:iples, itticl no nia,tl'lL: ill c;o-1,,c
of Toryis:a without rilt,, to 60 fic kno*,.'"le€l;:e,
and all the brotherly affections of mankind.
But though Sir R. PEEL, at least in what he

' --affects and assumes, is ranged on the side of the
'Liberals, he must and will, in his actions, go
with the Tories. For the sake of power, he will
condescend to be the slave of the men who ac-
Ase him of being a hypocrite. He will justify
'tlieir accusation. Far from being satisfied with
'promoting secular knowledge, when he returns to
.office lie will most likely endeavour to plant
mere churches, and endow more parsons. Far
from then acting as if knowledge ennobled and
elevated man, he will devote the public income
to hire and bribe an additional army of clergy-
:Jaen to suppress knowledge, and to teach that
they alone can lead men to morality here, and hap-
,' piness hereafter. Far from then supporting the
doctrine that the preparations for physical en-
joyment supply a proof that the ALMIGHTY
-has not let't in neglect and indifference
the immortal soul of man—which implies, as the
preparation has always, and everywhere existed,
universal redemption, and the redemption of the
-whole human race of all time—he will then de-
' maid more Church, aye, and lie will inflict civil
privations on those who do not belong to the
Church, though it deny, in opposition to his own
doctrine, redemption to allbut the small number
of human beings who have believed as it has be-
' -lieved during the. last 1,800 years, and Nvito
may have received the sacrament at the hands of
its pastors. Sir Hop.EnT PEEL, by his conduct in
- -supporting the Church, proves every day that the
Tory writer of the Times knows him well, and
that he was only shamminw philosophy when he
assumed the language and affected the send-
," ilients of Lord BROUGHAM.

Since the above was in type, which a press of
otlier matter compelled us to defer, No. 11. of the
series in the I'imes, has appeared. Some
Oservations in it at the close, completely identify
She writer, who signs " Catholieus," with the priest
, - party. His objections to Sir llonEaT's doctrines
'• are, that they slur over or dissipate the passions,
do not by means of religion aim to re-
d-nodel the heart of man. In other words,
the writer derides all knowledge as useless
;to rectify and enlighten conduct, except
jthat of which the priests claim a monopoly.
le quotes wise man instances of indi-
. uals knowing their duty and neglecting to per-
form it; but Christians do that as well as heath-
ons ; and, at least, the man who does know his
duty, is more likely to perform it than he who has
tio knowledge of it whatever. How a man igno-
OW, Of his duty is to do it, except, like the slaves
!4t. the Jesuits in Paraguay, they do what the
IPries's tell them, we know not. To have this
)vriter, who avows himself an admirer of hypo-
„Crisy, insincerity, and deceit, who thinks too
%Well" of Sir ROBERT PEEL, not to suppose that

he deliberately bummed the confiding people
.who lent him their ear and their minds at Tam-
worth, to impress on them the image of his own
soul—to have this avowed enemy of knowledge
and defender of the lowest and most despicable
vice, identified with the priest party, is for us a
great delight. It demonstrates clearly that they
will stop at no falsehood, no guile, no deceit
which serves to attain their end. They even
brand their greatest leader as committing one of
the paltriest tricks of low charlatans, and as being
one of the paltriest of mankind.

The Paris Papers of Monday have been re-
ceived The Monitcur contains the following
official despatch announcing the settlementa the
Douro question :

" MArRID, FEB. I.
" TUE FRENCS CHARGE D'AFFAIRES TO THE MINISTER OF

FOREIGN A!FAIRS.
" The question relative to the Douro is terminated.
The Chamber of Peers has voted the law for the regula-
tion of the navigation of this river. The Queen has giTan
her assent to the Bill introduced for that purpose.'!
The same announcement is made in the Madrid
Gazette, of the Ist instant, in the following
terms.: . _

" filer Majesty's Government received yesterday. the 1
grateful information of the Portuguese Senate having ap-
proved on the 26th of January the regulations for the free
navigation of the Douro, pursuant to the Treaty of the 31st
of August, 1835; and of her Fs4hful Majesty the Queen
of Portugal having sanctioned the measure, in accordance
'with both Chambers, which thus becomes the law. In
this manner has this most important Treaty, which opens
a prolific source of advantages to both countries, been
fully completed, and. will be immediately carried into
effect. From this day forward it will become a new bond
between the two nations, uniting closer and closer their
relations and common interests ; whilst in so grateful an
event the Spanish Government finds the means of showing
Europe the sincerity with which they acted in this
question, which ending ia this satisfactory manner, nothing
can alter or disturb the amity and alliance existing bet Ween
the tyro kingdoms."
Next to the adoption of the Treaty for the
Navigation of the Douro by the Portuguese Go-
vernment, we hail as a good onion the excellent
spirit in which this concession to a threat has
been received by the Spanish Regency:
The French Government also published on
Monday the following despatch, confirming the
news from Malta, published in The Sun of yes
terday

" MALTA, JAN. 28.
" THE FRENCH CONSUL TO THE MINISTBR FOR FOREIGN

AFFAIRS.
" The Turkish fleet, restored by Mehemet Ali, bad
quitted Alexandria. Solyman Pacha had arrived in
Cairo, with a division of 8,000 men. Ibrahim was ap-
proaching Gaza, whither the Nile steamer had been sent
to meet him."
There was a report current in Paris on Mon-
day, originating we know not with whom, that
a satisfactory adjustment of the China question
had taken place. We do not believe that in
such reports there is a syllable of truth. From
the whole of the accounts brought by the last
overland mail we hesitate not to pronounce Ad-
miral ELLIOT'S expedition a complete failure.
And, taking all the circumstances into considera-
tion, we do not see how it could be otherwise.
From a letter from Macao, dated October 13, now
before us, and for which we shall endeavour to
find room in Tice Sun of to-morrow, it appears that
when Admiral ELLIOT was at the mouth of the
Peiho he refused personally to negotiate with the
Imperial Envoy
.as being his inferior in rank,
and therefore left the negotiations to be entirely-
carried on by Captain ELLIOT—the last English-
man in China who ought to have been entrusted
with such functions. 1 f the Admiral was of opi-
nion that it would be imprudent to waive the
least point of etiquette in treating with the
Chinese, he surely might have insisted on the
appointment of an officer of higher rank to treat
with him. But to leave the Peiho without even
extorting the courtesy of an interview with an offi-
cer of his own rank was in itself to destroy the
moral effect of the expedition.
In the Chamber of Peers on Monday the Mar-
quis DREUX BREZE, a Royalist Peer, called the
attention of the Government to the Treaty with
Buenos Ayres, which he denounced as discredit-
able to France. M. GulzoT replied that the
Treaty was concluded under the instructions of the
THIERS' Cabinet, and that as he and his colleagues
did not view it in so unfavourable a light as the
Noble Marquis, it was the intention of the Go-
vernment to ratify it.
There is very little political news of any mo-
ment in the Paris Journals of Monday. On the
subject of the arrest of the editor of La France
the subjoined official paragraph appears in the
Message?. :
" Several papers have called on the Minister to explain
himself respecting the arrest and imprisonment of the
gerant and chief editor of La France. The answer is
simple, and all men of good faith must be aware of it. The
Magistrates charged with the examination of an affair
have not rendered an eceount of their motives. They act
in virtue of the law, and the law not only authorises, but
compels the arrest of individuals accused of forgery."
The Customs' Bill occupied the Chamber of
Deputies on Monday. The debate, up to post
hour, was of no interest. The only paragraph
of importance adopted was that fixing the duties
on foreign coals, as follows :--" Imported at any
point between the sands of Olonne and the port
of Dunkirk, if in French vessels, ten sous the
100 kilogrammes (2001bs.); if in foreign bottoms
one franc the 100 kilogrammes. At other points
of the coast the existing duties to be maintained.
Duty on coke double that of coals."
Tlie Toulonnais has the Subjoined statement respecting
the ensuing campaign in Africa :
" Advices from Algiers of the 26th of February, state
that a decisive campaign is in preparation for the spring.
Several transports, loaded with provisions and supplies,
have been despatched from Toulon for Algiers. It is ex-
pected that by the Ist of April there will bo a full supply
of provisions at Algiers.
" The general effective state of the army is now 60,000
men. every thing included. It is stated that on arriving
at Algiers General Bugeaud will occupy himself in the
first instance ai h the ameliorations which the sanatory
state of the al my demands.
" It is thought that the time for a colonization in ear-
nest, and on an extensive scale, has arrived, The Arabs
are in dismay and worn out, the occapation of Medea and
of Miliana has driven them away from Algiers and the
Mitidja. There is now room enough on the Sahel and on
the plain for 100,000 colonists.
" We learn that the expedition which is in preparation
will be directed in the first instance on Tekedempt, where
Abd. el. Kadei 's principal forces are united at this moment."
FIRE IN FRANCS.—The Journal de Toulouse gives the
following account of a fire which occurred a few days
since at Castellanes, from a cause extremely rare at
this time of the year, and under circumstances rather
extraordinary. After a night pouring down a deluge of
.rain, a violent storm of thunder and lightning. came on
just es the daylight on the succeeding evening began
to fail, and aeon afterwards a bolting-mill seated on
the river Douine was perceived to be on fire. It burnt
fi.'!r:!;.ly red rapilly until it wns entirely consumed.
tllnuo not only completely surrowadeci by water, bat
cl.mt flooded to t'ne d. nth of betoeeri t vc.o tnrce feet
above the ground floor. The scene is represented as
having been most awful, giving the resemblance of a large