The Sun.
London, England, 1847-07-29 00:00:00

CIRENCESTER

W. Cripps
Lord Villiers
CHIPPEN HAM
J. Neeld
H. G. Boldero
DEVIZES
G. H. W. Heneage
W. II L. Bruges
DORCHESTER
Colonel Dawson Darner 0 1 ... 0
H. G. Sturt 0 ... 1 ... 0
DUDLEY
J. Benbow
Sir J. T. Duckworth...
EXETER
E. Divett
FINSBURY
T. Wakley
T. S. Dunscombe ...
GLOUCESTER
H. T. Hope
M. F. F. Berkeley ...
HERTFORD
Hon. W. F. Cowper...
Lord Mahon ...
110NITON
Joseph Locke
Sir J. W. Hogg

0 ... 1 ... 0
0 ... 1 . . 0

0 ... 0 ... 1
0 ... 0 ... 1

... 0 ... 0 ... 1

... o ... i ... o

... 1 ... 0 ... 0

... 1 ... 0 ... 0
... 1 ... 0 ... 0

... 1 ... 0 ... 0

... 1 ... 0 ... 0
... 0 ... 1 ... o

... 1 ... 0 ... 0
... 0 ... 1 ... 0

KIDDERMINSTER
R. Godson ...
J. E. Denison
MALTON
J. W. Childers
MARLBOROUGH
Lord Ernest Bruce ...
H. B. Baring
PORTSMOUTH
F. T. Baring ...
Sir G. Staunton
REIGATE
T. Somers Cocks
RIPON
Hon. Edwin Lascelles
Sir J. Graham ...
SCARBOROUGH
Sir J. V. B. Johnstone
Earl Mulgrave
SHOREHAM
Sir C. Burrell
C. Goring ...
TAMWORT El
Sir R. Peel ...
W. Y. Peel ...
THETFORD
Hon. W. B. Baring
Lord Euston
WENLOCK
Hun. G. C. Forester
J. M. Gaskell
WIGAN
Colonel Lindsay ,
R. Thicknesse
WINDSOR
Colonel Reid
Lord John Hay
YORK (CITY)
H. R. Yorke ~.
J. G. Smyth ...

... ... 1 ... 0 ... 0

... 1 ... 0 ... 0

... 0 ... 1 ... o
... 0 1 ... 0

... ... 1 ... 0 ..o

... ... 1 ... 0 ... 0

... 0 ... 1 ... 0

0 ... 1 ... 0

... 0 ... 1 ... 0
... 1 ... 0 ... 0

... ... o ... o .. t
... ... o ... o ... i

... ... o ... t ... o

... 0 ... 1 ... 0

0 ... 0 ... 1
0 ... 0 ... 1

... 1 ... 0 ... 0
... 1 ... 0 ... 0

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1 ... 0 ... 0

... 1 ... 0 ... 0
... 0 ... 0 ... 1

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHIC COM-

MANY.
A few days ago we availed ourselves of an opportunity
of visiting the temporary office of this company, near
Waterloo- bridge, in the Strand, for the purpose of in
specting the apparatus and instruments used as a means
of communication, and of learning the nature of the
arrangements about to be adopted by them for the ex-
tension of their operations. The object of the company
is to organize a general system of communication, by
means of the electric telegraph, along the several hues
of railway, to all parts of the kingdom. At present the
electric telegraph is in use on various lines of railway,
to the extent of 1,200 miles ; but the company are at
present making arrangements for carrying out
this mode of communication on other lines, to
the extent of upwards of 1,000 miles more. When
this is done, then, through the agency of this
company, commercial and other intelligence can be in-
stantaneously communicated from one part of the
country to any other district, and that for an economical
charge. The present offices in the Strand not being suffi-
ciently extensive, or in a sufficiently central situation,
for the operations of the company, a new building is in
the course of erection, on a site of ground they have
purchased in Lothbury. This is to be a spacious and
lofty building, in the Italian style of architecture, and
from the arrangements to be made in it, it will be ex-
tremely well adapted to meet the wants of commercial
and other gentlemen, anxious to receive or send in-
formation from a distant part of the country. On enter-
ing the interior of this building, which will be thrown
open, there will appear round the quadrangle various
compartments, marked according to the districts with
which each is in communication, the arrangement being
very similar to that of the General Post-office at St. Mar-
tin's-le-grand. Above these compartments are three
tiers of galleries, carried round the building, containing
the several telegraphs in communication with the various
lines and towns throughout-the kingdom, the-whole
being. surmounted by a lofty skylight. A merchant,
therefore, wishing to send a communication to any town
—Manchester, for instance—would carry it to the proper
quarter in the quadrangle ; the clerk receiving it would
have to mark and number it, according to the order and
station to which it is directed, and then he would place it
on a lift in constant work by means of machinery, which
carries it to the gallery where the instrument is placed.
The message is then sent down, arrives at Manchester,
and should the party to whom it it directed not be on
the spot to receive it, it is sent by a messenger to the
required place. The answer is then returned to London
which, on its being received, is marked and numbered to
correspond with the number sent down. It is then
placed un the descending lift, which carries it to the
clerk, who hands it over to the merchant, or any other
person there to receive it. The time required for all
this would not be more than three or four minutes, unless
the message, when it arrived at the other end of Eng-
land, had to be sent out by hand from the office. The
Electric Telegraph Company do not intend to confine
their operations to public news, or such messages as we
have just described, but a part of their system will be to
send down to all the principal towns the alterations in
the London Markets, such as the Stock Exchange list,
prices current, share list from the various exchanges,
ship lists from the various ports, corn markets, prices
of the stocks. &c. These will be sent down to the several

towns where subscription-rooms are opened, and the
changes made known in them five minutes after the alte-
ratioe in the London markets. The rapid improvements
that have been made since the formation o: this com-
pany ~y those connected with it, not only as relating to
the safety of railway travelling, but its adaptation to
commercial purposes, show that before many months
elapse much more may also be done towards ensuring
perfection. The extension of the wires from the differ-
ent railway termini to the central statior. in Lothbury
will be through the streets. The wires from the London
and North Western line and its branches will be
taken along the New-road and City-road, to Finsbury-
square, where the Eastern Counties division will join,
and they will be taken together through Moorgate-
street to Lothbury. The wires from the South-Western
and South-Eastern Railways will be taken over London-
bridge to the central station. The mode of conducting
the wires from the various railway termini to the cen-
tral station is very simple. The wires which are of gal-
vanised iron—that is, iron which is coated with
applied in a melted state—are enclosed
in an iron tube of about an inch or an inch and a half in
diameter, and in which they are kept isolated by the
tube being filled up with pitch, and are carried under
ground to the proper spot. Of course some risk is run
of these tubes being disturbed or broken by the streets
being opened by the gas or water companies, or for
other purposes. To obviate, therefore, the inconvenience
which would arise from the breaking of the wire at some
unknown spot on the line, a plan has been adopted, so
that the precise locality of the breakage could be ascer •
tained. To effect this object, the iron pipes enclosing
the wires are brought to the surface, and are made to
pass through cast-iron posts, placed every 300 yards.
The sides of these posts open, and a magnetic test can
be applied to each wire running between post and post,
so as to see where the break. is, and thus they can be
readily mended or repaired in case of injury. The
whole of these arrangements are now being carried out,
and will shortly be completed, a great number of work
men being closely engaged in the different departments,
so that by the beginning of the next year communica-
tions may be opened from Lothbury to a large propor-
tion of the principal towns in this kingdom, and also'
many of less importance, others of course being added
as the lines of telegraph are extended along other rail-
ways. The rapidity with which intelligence can be
communicated by means of the electric telegraph is at
Queen'sti tfetdhrfrheoes
has
. minutes.
present most rapid, for thirty or forty words have often
been sent and received at a distance of 100 miles in the
tcourseri.iTnhsme speech,m
ond London
nt theto
Norwich,
distance Par lia Parliament, wasl26
miles, in less than fifteen minutes.. A communication,
however, thus made to Norwich, is not confined_ to that
place, for it can be observed at all t e intermediate sta-
tionsfor so rapid is the transmissionitovvethTe
throaatasdu
where this instrument is kept.
supposing
ing
earth, its pahsse a gtel
electrice f deflection
would
drnr
not
current
tf
all the needles along the line occur
fat the same moment,
statedthat electricity traveislstawrithb a ve-
locity them eighttha wi
timesre re possible to carry
occupy more than a second of time. e Indeed, Professor.
of 280,000 miles in a second, which
the rate we have. just stated. The electric telegraph beyond
Wheatstone
present in use is that called the point or needletelaet
tele-
graph, and is the joint invention, we believe_, of Messrs.
Wheatstone and Cooke, to whom, indeed, the world are
indebted for the important discovery of applying to the
transmission of intelligence Oersted's principle of a mag-
netic needle being. effected by a galvanic current. The
needles in front of the instrument are affected by the
moving of the handles placed at the lower part
of the telegraph ; thus, on the operator moving one
of the handles to the right, an electric current
passes from the copper pole of the battery, and the
corresponding needle moves in the same direc-
tion. So also when the handle is turned to the left
the current is reversed, and the needle moves in the
, contrary direction. According to Oersted's experiment,
the needle, every time it o atieoad by the Pliittrio cur.