The Sun.
London, England, 1841-08-04 00:00:00

BANKRUPTS

JEREMIAH CHITTENDEN, jun., hop factor, Three
Tuns-court, Southwark, to surrender August 13, at eleven,
and Sept. 14, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. John-
son, Basinghall-street, official assignee; Shaw and Phillips,
Fish-street-hill.

JOSEPH APPLETON, corn-dealer, Walnut-street Walk,
Lambeth, August 11, at half-past one, and September 14, at
half-past twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Cannan, Fins-
bury-square, official assignee ; 111‘Leod and Stenning, Billi-
ter street.

THOMAS PEDEN, coach-maker, Oxford-street, August
11, at eleven, and Sept. 14, at half-past eleven, at the Court
of Bankruptcy. Canon, Finsbury-square, official assignee;
Wells, Percy-street, Bedford-square.
SAMUEL THOMPSON, oilman, Leigh-street, Burton-
crescent, Aug. 10, at two, ar.d Sept. 14, at twelve, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, official assignee, Basing-
hall-street ; Aston and Wallis, New Broad-street.
SAMUEL NEWELL WRIGHT, paper manufacturer,
Woburn, Bucks, Aug. 9, at half-past two, and Sept. 14, at
eleven, at. the Court of Bankruptcy. Graham, official assignee,
Basinghall-street ; Smith, Golden-square.
PERER MANN, army contractor, Leeds, Aug. 11, at ten,
and Sept. 14, at eleven, at the Commissioners'-rooms, Leeds.
Smithson and Mitton, Southampton-buildings, Chancery-lane,
London ; Dunning and Stawman, Leeds.
CORNELIUS CROSS, tea dealer, Bristol, Aug. 13, at
one, and Sept. 14, at two, at the Commercial-rooms. Bristol.
Francis, Saint Swithin's-lane' London ; Smith, Bristol.
LEONARD ROBINSON, grazier, Orle,T, Yorkshire, Aug.
10, at:two, and Sept. 14, at niue, at the Commissioners'-rooms,
Leeds. Hawkins, Bloxam, and Stocker, New Boswell-court,
London ; Turner, Orley, Yorkshire.
SAMUEL HARRISON ARMITAGE and MATTHEW
DODGSON, maltsters, Wakefield, Yorkshire, Aug. 10, at
eleven, and Sept. 14, at one, at the Commissioners'-rooms,
Leeds. Adlington, Gregory, Faulkner, and Follett, Bedford-
row, London ; Taylor and Westmorland, Wakefield.
ELIZABETH CAROLINE RADFORD, JOSHUA
RADFORD, and JOSEPH RADFORD, ironfounders,
Manchester, Aug. 14, at two, and Sept. 14, at eleven, at the
Commissioners'-rooms, Manchester. Johnson, Son, and Wea-
therall, King's Bench-walk, Temple, London ; Kershaw, Man-
chester.

DIVIDENDS.
At the Court of Bankruptcy, Basinghall-street.
W. Strange, wine merchant, Abingdon, Berkshire, Aug. 25,
at twelve—J. Noble, wheelwright, Paragon-mews, New Kent-
road, Aug. 26, at twelve.

In the Country.
J. Granger, grocer, Newiiiirt, Isle of Wight, Dec. 23, at
one, at the Bugle Inn, Newport—J. Hargreaves, worsted spin-
ner, Kildwick, Yorkshire, Sept. 9,
.at twelve, at the Black
Horse Inn, Skipton—J. B. Worgan, spirit dealer, Bedminster,
Somerset.hire, Aug. 27, at twelve, at the Commercial-rooms,
Bristol—J. Winks, iron merchant, Sheffield, Aug. 30, at
twelve, at the Town- hall, Sheffield—J. M. Knott, wholesale
stationer, Aston, Warwickshire, Aug. 25, at two, at the Wa-
terloo-rooms, Birmingham—W. Butler and R. Parkes, wine
merchants, Birmingham, Aug, 25, at four, at the Waterloo-
rooms, Birmingham—ll. Jefferd, builder, .yrue Regis, Dor-
setshire, Aug. 26, at twelve, at the Bull Inn, Bridport—J.
Lucy, juu., tailor, Liverpool, Aug. 30, at three, at the Claren-
don-rooms, Liverpool.
CERTIFICATES— A Liu. 24.
_ _ . _

J. B. Kelk, lace manufacturer, Blacket,
flax spinner, Stokesley, Yorkshire—C. Clutterbuck, licensed
victualler, Chandos-street, Covent-garden— E. J. Phillips,
victualler, Bristol—R. G. Holden and R. Young, warehouse-
men, Bread-street—J. Cordingley, ironfounder, Wakefield,
Yorkshire—J. B. Lye, cattle dealer, Hereford—J. M. Knott,
wholesale stationer, Camphill, Warwickshire—G. Whitehead,
printer, Fleet-street.
PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.

T. and J. Smith, blacksmiths, Clithero, Lancashire—J.
Watson, J. Rollitt, and J. Denner, cotton waste dealers, Not-
tingham—J. and H. Riley, table-knife manufacturers, Sheffield
—J. G. Sutton and J. Finch, calenderers, Manchester—J. T.
and W. H. Smith,ceal merchants, Deptford—T. W. Edwards,
H. Hilton, and E. Hilton, coal merchants, Liverpool—J. Mil-
ner, sen. and J. Milner, jun., plumbers, Lancaster—V.
Dumas and M. Poirotte, ladies French boot manufacturers,
Regent-street—J. and B. Barker, woollen-cloth manufactu-
turers, Bramley, Leeds—R. Richards, L. Thomas, and J.
Woolcoek, manufacturing chemists, Gelly-daeg, Monmouth-
shire—D. Newham and D. Newham, jun.'
' flax spinners, Pres-
ton, Lancashire—A. A. and J. Mather, builders, King-street,
Golden-square—T. Phillips and M. Spence, cloth dressers,
Leeds, Yorkshire—R. Lloyd and W. T. Gould, merchants,
Rood-lane—J. France, J. France, and B. France, woollen
cloth manufacturers, Henley, Yorkshire—J. Thomas and T.
Anthony,lcalico printers, Manchester—H. S. Palmer and D.
Young, stock makers, Birmingham—T. Adams, J. Page, and
T. Ingoldby, lace manufacturers, Nottingham—F. Shearing,
E. K. Jackson, and W. G. Shearing, chemists, Chester—A.
Powell, S. Spilsbury, and S. Rose, lace dealers, Birmingham
—W. Smith, A. Willis, and W. Smith, jun., printers, King-
street, Seven-dials—J. Burnley, H. J. White, and F. S. Ma-
naton, London—G. F. Bush, 1. Wetherhead, and E. Cowcher,
surgeons, Bath (so far as regards G. F. Bush)—F. 'Ladbroke,
H. Ladbroke, and 11. Kingscote, bankers, Bank-buildings—
C. Clay and W. Strange, surgeons, Ashton-under-Lyne, Lan-
cashire—G. Bell, J. Bell, and 'l'. Todd, curriers, Marygate,
Yorkshire—W. Jones and W. Williams, iron founders, near
Carnarvon—J. and T. Walker, cloth manufacturers, Hanslet,
Leeds—S. Holman and C. Heginbotham, coffee-house keepers,
St. Martin's-court, Ludgate-hill-0. A. Berens, L. A. Blum-
berg, and H. J. F. Toplis, French warehousemen, :St, Paul's
Church-yard—W. Saunders and H. V. Halsey, cheese factors,
Gloucester—J. Southam and W. North, coal masters, Bilston,
Staffordshire.
SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS.
The Rev. WILLIAM JAFFRAY, late of Dumbarton, de.
ceased, Aug. 6 and 27, at two, at the King's Arms Inn, Dum-
barton.
DAVID ROBB, draper, Kirriemuir, Aug. 7 and Sept. 1,
at twelve, at the British Hotel, Dundee.
JAMES ANDERSON, merchant, Glasgow, Aua'.e, 12 and
Sept. 2, at twelve, at the Chambers of Mein and Johnston,
Glasgow.
ANDREW HENDERSON, grocer, Linktown, Kirkcaldy,
Aug. 5 and Aug. 26, at one, at Macglashan's Inn Kirkcaldy.
ALEX. PATTISON and CO., coach builders, Edin-
burgh, Aug. 10 and 31, at eleven, at the Royal Exchange
Coffee-house, Edinburgh.
BAIRD and WALLACE, manufacturers, IPaisley, Aug.
9 and 30, at one, at the George Inn, Paisley.

Immediately after the arrival of the 72d High-
landers at Windsor, her Majesty commanded the attend-
ance at the Castle of the performers on the bagpipes at-
tached to the regiment. At first the instruments were
played on the New Terrace and in the Quadrangle, but
were afterwards brought into the interior of the Castle
by the desire of Prince Albert, who was but little fami-
liar with such music. The performers, however, ac-
quitted themselves to the entire satisfaction of his Royal
Highness, and the result has been that he has presented
a very handsome suit of new uniform to the bagpipe
major, in testimony of the superiority of that person's
performance. There aro six performers attached to th•
regiment, who on ordinary occasions act for the en-
tire band.

Soon after three o'clock, M. de Lafontaine presented
himself upon the platform, introducing a young lady of
delicate and bashful appearance, who took her seat in the
patients' chair. A perceptible sensation, or, if we may
so say, a silent murmur, pervaded the assembly, which to
us was expressive of a sympathetic shrinking from the
trial anticipated, of witnessing so gentle and engaging a
creature, subjected to the harrowing and (at least appa-
rently) cruel ordeal which the principal subject of the
previous day's operation underwent.
The gentleman, who had before acted as interpreter,
then came forward and was received very kindly by the
audience. He repeated nearly as we have already re-
ported the cause of his interference, and his own impar-
tiality upon the subject, which this company was assem-
bled to investigate. He proceeded to sketch the history
of Mesmerism, with less detail than upon the former
occasion ; but adding, in answer to a statement that no
great names in science could be found in the list of those
who favoured Animal Magnetism, that Cuvier, Laplace,
Humboldt, and several others, whose names we could
not catch, had expressed opinions in its favour.—
(Much applause.) He was disposed to agree with those
who found fault with public exhibitions of the nature of
that which they were now to witness.—(Hear, hear.)
He thought the experiments should more fitly be pur-
sued in the privacy of the philosopher's salon, or in the
hospital. Yet he must ask, what was to be done ?
When the experiments were made under such circum-
stances, there was raised a cry of " fraud, folly, delu-
sion."—(Hear, hear.) No other course, therefore, was
left to those who believed that , the alleged phenomena
did really occur, and that the appearances produced were
not the result of charlatanism—than to bring the in-
vestigation fully before the public, in such a manner as
to subject the facts to unquestionable exposure, or con-
firmation.—(Hear, hear.) With that view he suggested
that if any lady or gentleman should, as happened on
Thursday last in the other room, choose to submit to
the operation, no objection would be raised to the
publication of the name and address.—(Hear, hear.)
It would be but justice to themselves. the public, and the
question.—(Hear, hear.) If they should be found sus-
ceptible to the mesmeric influence, they would be sus-
pected of collusion, unless the observers and the public
were informed who they were, and were thereby satisfied
that they had no connexion with the exhibitor.—(Hear.)
The young lady in the chair had been already once mag-
netised by M. Lafontaine, but with little effect : but he
believed she was susceptible of the influence • and here
he had to observe, that the reality of the influence was
not to be disbelieved merely because all persons were not
susceptible of it ; nor even the same persons at all times.
(He was very much applauded throughout a very neat'
and eloquent address.)
The young lady was then subjected to the usual mani-
pulations by M. de Lafontaine—that is, pressure of the
knees, palms of the hands and thumbs, accompanied by a
fixed gaze of overwhelming intensity. In three minutes
she sank into a state of apparent insensibility, while the
Professor tested by sticking pins into her head and
hands. (A lady exclaimed, " That is very cruel.") She
did not shrink in the least, or exhibit the slightest
degree of feeling. But M. de Lafontaine said
that she was only partially insensible —in the
hands, head, nose and chin. This he illustrated by
thrusting pins into the parts he named, and leaving
them so ; whilst he tested other parts which by a very
slight quivering manifested some degree of sensibility.
The assembly gave very evident tokens of their sensi-
bility during the experiment, by sighs, sobs, and mut-
tered cries of " shame." The Professor then applied a
phial of highly concentrated ammonia (the strength of
which we can vouch for) to the patient's wise ; and al-
though to our observation she did not wince in the
least, the Professor said she was still sensible in a small
degree and he would make it more palpable. This he
did by applying a lighted lucifer to her nostrils, when
she very feebly shook her head. Some gentleman here
laughed ! When M. de L. gently retorted (in. French)
"you see-though, that when she does feel, she,shows it"
—(Applause)—" but we shall see more." He . then
manipulated further, passing his hands downwards in a
supine position, smoothly, but with great energy, within
a few inches of her body, from head to foot. He then
satisfied himself (how we could not guess, further than
that he gazed upon her intensely) that
she was insensible, and he held lighted
lucifers, one after another, until three or four were burnt
out, close to her nostrils, and, to our amazement, her
flesh did not blister, nor did she wince or move a muscle.
Loud cries of " enough, enough," induced the Professor
to desist ; when he was requested to restore her, and
ask how she felt. On her restoration we understood her
to say with great cheerfulness (but in a low tone, and in
French) that she had felt nothing.
The youth, who had been the subject of the
last day's operations was now introduced. It
was remarked by those around us that he looked
pale and anxious. We thought so too ; and the
subsequent interruption of the experiments was possibly
occasioned by previous illness, as much as by the fact to
which M. de Lafontaine attributed it, and which, if there be
any truth in the established doctrines of this school,
would be sufficient to account for the interruption. Hav-
ing quickly reduced him to insensibility, M. de Lafon-
taine made certain movements of his hands in front of`
the youth's legs, from the hips down, and they rose from
the ground gradually, and as if mechanically, until they
came upon a level with the seat, where they remained in a
horizontal position, rigidly extended and fixed, without
tremor or oscillation, for the rest of the hour during
which he continued under experiment. In the mean-
while the pins were stuck deep and numerous into his
head, hancfs, cheeks, lips, and thighs, without producing
a twinge.
A Gentleman observed, that no blood issued.
M. de Lafontaine, with some indignation, pointed to
one hand from which the blood was streaming, and then
withdrawing one of the pins from the thigh, said, "If
you wAnt to see blood, there' it is," and held up a large
pin of the kind called " corkers," which was red with
blood to about half an inch from the point. This exhi-
bition produced a universal shudder, strangely accom-
panied by universal, although suppressed, applause,
elicited, we must suppose by a painful conviction
that no deception had been practised. A
protracted, confused, and unintelligible discussion then
took place, of which the object seemed (as we could
guess) to be to settle the question whether the youth only
feigned or was really insensible. A number of gentle-
men crowded round the operator and the subject, putting
questions altogether ; in bad French, and in English of
a mixed character, and wrangling (in greater zeal than
discretion or good manners) with one another, and with
the Professor, as to the result of their own experiments,
which, by crowding and confusion, they prevented the
company at large from appreciating. In the course of
this disorder a gentleman applied all his force and might
to one of the rigid and extended legs of the poor patient,
for the purpose of trying, as it would seem, whether he
could press it down. The Professor exclaimed in alarm,
in which all but the unreflecting experimentor partici-
pated, " My God, you will break his leg I" and then
pushed aside the thoughtless medler. The latter retired
to his seat amidst hisses and cries of " Shame."

This incident broke up the party of disputants, and
the space in front of the chair being cleared, it was an-
nounced that great difference of opinion existed as to
the state of the lad's pulse some gentlemen having
affirmed that it was imperceptible, and others that it was
at 80, which, in his state of health, would be the natural
condition. We understood the explanation to be, that
the mesmerised condition was interrupted by so many
opposite wills or temperaments operating on him at the •
same time ; and that those who felt his pulse at one time
found him in a different state from that which he had
been a minute before, when his wrists were held by the
others. His hands and arms were all the time extended,
rigid and motionless, as were his legs, and remained so,
when he was for a few minutes restored as to the head
alone. He then said that he had felt nothing but a
slight headache, and a pain, for the seat of which he
pointed to his groin, which was considered an indication
that he had been hurt by the force applied to his leg.
He was again rendered " somnambule ;" and the inter-
preter said that as the youth had been supposed to res-
pire when the ammonia was put to his nostrils, an am-
monia would now be applied to him, of such a strength
and in so exact a manner, that if he had respired during
former experiments he would never respire a Oer this one.
The experiment was conclusive as regarded ammoni
but several gentlemen proposed snuff as a surer test, an
applied it copiously and carefully out of their own boxe
They laughingly expressed their surprise that it pro'
duced no effect whatever.
A gentleman who, on being required to give his nam
said, " My name is Jackson, and I am very well know
at St. Bartholomew's Hospital," asked if the Professo
would be able to magnetise the young gentleman, a
render his arms rigid, while he (Mr. J.) held them ? ,114
de Lafontaine replied in the affirmative, saying he could
do so without touching the patient.
A tedious and unmeaning discussion (which
was
carried on in such French that it was necessary t 9
interpret it to M. de Lafontaine), was raised by 8(136
gentlemen who were repeatedly requested by the audi-
ence to speak English. At length Mr. Jackson's exile=
riment proceeded. The patient, having been awakened,
that gentleman took him by the arms in a manner which
caused some resistance, and the exclamation " You
hurt me." Mr. Jackson at length raised the arms per-
pendicularly above the head, and, the passes being per-
formed, insensibility was :renewed. The young man's
arms became rigid as one jointless bone, and descended
(notwithstanding the utmost resistance of Mr, Jackson

a muscular and vigorous man) nearly to the horizontal,
when De Lafontaine interfered, and withheld Mr. Jack.
son, saying that he would break the arms, as they were
tense to a degree of brittleness. Many persons now ut-
tered strong expressions of disapprobation, of
which Mr. Jackson was the unmerited object—
for what he did was, SQ far, perfectly justifiable and
right in our mind. On the resuscitation of
the sleeper, M. de Lafontaine asked the usual
question, " How do you feel ?" The poor youth, with
an expression of painful anxiety, said he had headache
and excessive heat. M. de Lafontaine said that the lad
was ill, in consequence of an ascertained law in animal
magnetism, that the patient suffers by any strong resist-
ance exercised by a third person to the will of the ope-
rator who has magnetised him. The patient intimated
that such was his feeling, and he seemed to become so ill,
that the company with one voice begged he should be
taken away. He was subsequently brought back, for
the purpose of undergoing the galvanic and
.electro-
magnetic experiments (described in this paper on Friday
last), and took his seat in the chair with a smiling and
cheerful, but very pallid countenance. The com-
pany, however, would not allow this operation to ,
be attempted; but unanimously cried " Enough,
enough !"- M. de Lafontaine bowed assent, and then
pointed to a large stain of blood upon the back of the
lad's trowsers, saying expressively, " I did not do that."
—(Great indignation.) The interpreter observed, that It
was evidently done by some
.gentleman who wished to
satisfy himself as to the genuineness of the insensibility,
by sticking a pin* severely into a part of the patient's
person, which would not be seen by the patient, or any
one in supposed collusion with him. He hoped the gen-
tleman was satisfied.—(Hissing, and cries of " Shame !")
The young gentleman bowed to the audience, and retired
amidst loud expressions of sympathy, and even of
regard.
• 'The most curious part of the day's proceeding now
commenced. It was announced that some gentlemen
were desirous of submitting themselves to experiment,
and the explanation was repeated, by way of a caution,
that all were not susceptible. A lady stood up and said,
" I hope you will magnetise Mr. Jackson, and not spare
him with the pins."—(Great laughter.) Mr. Jackson,
who scarcely merited this spiteful wish, was not inclined
to gratify it ; and another gentleman (about twenty-four
or twenty-five years of age), placed himself in the chair
amidst some applause. He was perhaps as resolute and
bold-looking, as well as strong and healthy, as could be
selected from such a company. M. de Lafontaine
said that he did not expect to produce much effect on
such a temperament in a first experiment. However, in
one minute precisely, the gentleman's nerves gave way in
the distressing struggle, and after a convulsive and pain-
ful resistance sank into a state of insensibility, which at
first seemed as profound and " somnambule" as that of
the habituated patients; but after a few seconds, and be-
fore the amazement of the audience had subsided, he
made some convulsive movements, which induced the
Professor to take off his neckcloth, and open his shirt
collar. At the request of some gentleman near the chair
M. de Lafontaine proceeded to revive him, and
when he seemed to be in a state of sensibility
he was asked, did he feel quite awake ? He answered,
with a smile, that " he was not sure ; but he would try
if he could walk." He was lifted upon his legs, but
found that he was not in the least master of them, and
sank again into the chair amidst much laughter, in which
lie gol•humouredly joined. Some manipulations by
the Professor seemed shortly to have the effect of restor-
ing him:perfectly to the possession of his faculties and
bodily powers. leing asked what he had felt, he
said -he had not been quite unconscious any part
of the time. He had felt as if he were about
to faint. Upon this a gentleman exclaimed, "Of
course you were !" And we concur in the opi-
nion which the exclamation implied, that any man
in the same circumstances would have fainted, and that
so far the experiment proved nothing. The gaze of the
operator, and the constant and varied motion of his
fingers before the eyes of the firmest and best-nerved
man in the world must bring on fainting—at least, it
must come to this, if the gaze be mutual and continued,
one of the two, the subject or the operator, must give
way, one of them must swoon. In this case the volunteer
swooned in one minute after a manly and resolute effort
to keep up. In reply to the general call, he gave his
name as "Baggot, of Queen's College, Cambridge."
Another gentleman then volunteered in the same man-
ner, and, being apparently a more nervous subject than
the last, was received with some degree of alacrity by
the lecturer, and placed in the chair without preface.
Contrary to all expectation, however, this gentleman
held out much longer, and with apparently less effort
than his predecessor. He was, however, overcome,
and so completely that M. de Lafontaine, with-
out the least hesitation in the world, put him
to the test of the pins ! They were stuck in his
head, cheeks, and hands, apparently without affecting
him, and left as carelessly as if he were fully initiated in
the art of mesmeric endurance, and accustomed to serve
the uses of a pincushion. M. de Lafontaine, however, was
not yet satisfied of his insensibility. He said he can feel a
little and I think he can hear, to provewhich he fired a per-
cussion cap close to the gentleman's ear, and applied the
ammonia to his nostrils. We observed no sign o f
sensation, but the Professor said : "You see he feels a
little, and hears." The patient, however, being aroused
from his stupor, and questioned on the subject, said he
had "not been quite insensible—he had heard the dis-
charge of apistol, and had felt pins pricking him but
very slightly' '— (Laughter and applause.) He gave his
name as Mr. Greenwood, of Peterhouse College, Cam
bridge.

Itis scarcely our province to offer any opinion upon
the facts which we have witnessed, and if it were, it
would• be a duty to withhold it for further consideration,
believing that not one man who has yet observed the
phencimena is in a condition to explain them, or to
say whether they result from reality or delusion.
Future opportunities may also enable us to
enter into a question alluded to by the gentleman who
acts as M. de Lafontaine's interpreter, as to the dif-
ference between natural and magnetic sonnambulism,
which it is preferable to waive for the present, admitting,
in the meanwhile, t!tat utter insensibility during the
state of natural somnambulism has been proved by nume-
rous and historical facts, and that there seems little rea-
son to doubt that the so-called magnetic somnambulism
exhibits the slime phenomenon.
" From wharwe have since heard it would appear that a
lancet was secretly thrust into the thigh, and that the loss of
a large quantity of blood, by this cruel and cowardly experi-
ment was the cause of the youth's illness. The appearance of
the trousers would warrant the opinion that such was the case;
but if any thing to that effect was stated, the confusion that
prevailed prevented our hearing it. In the ill-judged and in-
decorous crowding—upon which we remark above—such an act
might have been committed without observation ; and it is to
be hoped that it will induce gentlemen in future to abstain
from the indulgence of such disorderly zeal as was manifested
on this occasion.

BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE
ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE.
PLYMOUTH, FRIDAY MORNING, JULY 30.--The seve-
ral sections commenced their meetings yesterday morn-
ing, and the attendance at most of them was very good.
They all broke up at an early hour, as is usually the
ease on the first day of meeting.
Our Correspondent (see The Sun of Monday) has
already watched and noticed the proceedings down to
Paper 4, read in the C. section of Geology and Physical
Geology, upon the destructiveness produced by pholas at
,I'lym.th. We resume at ''..l.
1: Seetsin D.—Zoology. and lotany.—Dr. Richardson,
tr resident, in the chair. Mr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., read a
report on the geographical distribution of the animals of
New Holland. There are, it appears, 94 species of
mammalia. There are only two species and two genera
of the ferre or carnivorous beasts, as the dog and seal.
There is only one known beast in Norfolk Island, which
is supposed to have been introduced from Sydney, espe-
cially as it is not known in Van Diemen's Land. Mr.
Couch made a report on the zoology of Cornwall. Amongst
other interesting facts, he stated, that what
might be
called severely cold winters did not occur more frequently
than in cycles of six or eight years. The appearance
of the bat might be witnessed in every week of an ordi-
nary year ; but if the thermometer fell below 40 degrees
Fahrenheit it was a signal for their retreat, although a
milder temperature restored them to activity, when it
was not uncommon to see them the whole
clay. Another
proof of the mildness of the climate was, that the long-
taired field mouse breeds at the beginning of January,
forming its nest in the ricks of hay, and that fishes then
posit spawn. He stated Cornwall as containing
• 4 s es of birds, and 173-fishes, and made an addition
tkOnumber of testace-ous and molluscous animals and
znopytes. Professor Henslow made an interesting re-
port on certain diseases in wheat. He particularly al-
luded to one which was confused under the name of red
guni, prod iced by an anima,l and was called the wheat
midge, and was the larva of a gnat, that deposits its
_o_vlcl in tlie unripe ears of corn in the months of May ni.
June. These larvae which are developed withl the
ri-
pening corn, do much damage to the crops,. and he
n na bushel.
found a hundred thousand to a
bAu3rnilipreginthelshtewpirnthPthaeemd isdigfteinsgthatthhineaiedlll'ipaoastr. soelfdetohrrioluagnhd.
Section F.—Statistics.—Colonel
Me. Woollcombe read a paper on
t. ins t
itehse
of
f Ply. Chair.
It first made re-
-1141/11, Stonehouse, and Devonpor
which are not of
etegiee to the history of these
they places,
nre not noticed in the
Xy4high antiquity, as
tresstati
importance, having 325
Itiltvever, was a town of someen
and 1346 it sent its quota
lnesday Book. In the time of Edward I. Plymouth,
vessels on its waters,
that the
' of 26 ships and 603 men to brleoctukrnadeof
peace Calais. ltw would
been considered
the place, but this had not
• have been of injury
had increased to 31,000 ; and accord-
-20,000, in 1831 it for
had increased
in 1312, its population was
proved the case,.
earancos of domestic comfort
also better built, the API?
literary and charitable insti-
tutionsing to the present census it was 36,000. The houses were
e d. Though a great portion of the
had ad:lal:left theiWest of England, the returns of
anufactures had e
were more striking, and the
fishing
was originally a
he custom-house for the last:official year were 135 ,9301. 15s.
Stonehouse, which villages and
n 1801 contained 3,667 inhabitants, now numbered
O ,
'nearly 10,00 anded Deeonport,litiCtil soaeoely existed at
the present century, now contained up-
wards
beginning
G.—Mechanical Mechanical Science.—Mr. J. Taylor,
F.R s., President. Mr. J. S. Russearead a report of the
Committee; appointed by the British Association to in-
Seet ofio 34,0aotuilles.
I
vuire into the wean value of railway constants. These

The first general meeting of members was held in the
evening at the Town-hall, at Devonport, which had been
enlarged for the occasion by the erection of a temporary
vestibule at the front of the building. The numbers pre-
sent exceeded 1,200, including all the rank and fashion
of the vicinity. Amongst those on the platform were the
Marquis of Northampton, Earl Morley, Lord Ebrington,
M.P., Lord Adair, Lord F. Egerton, Sir Themes Dyke
Acland, Bart., M.P., Sir Charles Lemon,' Bart., Dr.
Bowring, M.P., Mr. Gill, M.P., &c.
The Rev. Professor WHEwELL, The President for the
year, having taken the chair, proceeded to address the
meeting. He stated, that he had last year been elected
to this honourable office in his absence, that he had been
a labourer with the Association ever since its first meet-
ing, and felt a high interest in its success. He would
first take a slight sketch of the general aspect of the
Association, which so generously lent its aid to science
in all its appliances. In Lord Bacon's " Vision of
Atlantis " he had framed institutions of every order
for the welfare and benefit of man—colleges, establish.
ments, and associations forpromoting the intellectual com-
forts, the welfare, and the happiness of man. He should
be glad to see realised all the colleges and benevolent
intentions of this Utopia, but instead of a temple of
Solomon being supported by the State, they must have a
Britis" A Isociation4pporsed by themselves. Th,
Association-had now existed for ten years, end al-
though it did not possess colleges like those alluded to
by Lord Bacon, it had performed experiments which no
nation, however rich or learned, could ever unaided hope
to reach. It had not employed professors or inter-
preters of nature, but it had found, both here and abroad,
active cultivators enlisted in its service, of which no
institution could hope to get so many. Mathematicians,
astronomers, chymists, and naturalists had all come for..
ward to aid in its cause. Since the establishment of th©
Association it had judiciously laid out•upwards of 7,000/.
in the prosecution of scientific objects; through its re-
commendations the aid of the Government had been en-
listed to several subjects of scientific interest. With re-
gard to the Ordnance surveys, their recommendation that
they should be published on a scale of six inches to the
mile, instead of two inches, had been adopted ; but their
greatest achievement of all was the survey of the terres-
tial globe, undertaken by means of fixed observatorie a
in all parts of the world. He could bear his testi-
mony to the liberality with which the Government had
acted upon all occasions to the Association. When he
pointed to these results, he could not but say that those
who established it acted upon a knowledge of the exige
cies of the country. Sovereigns; and nations, and
wealthy indiiiduals had deemed astronomy worthy of
their patronage, and provided costly instruments for the
purpose, but „none had considered the wind, the tides,
the atmosphere, electricity, magnetism, and even vege-
table and animal life ; but for these they would not call
upon the Government, as they had. already -been under-
taken by this voluntary Association. Mr. Weswen fur.
ther advised that the storm of opinions, en which the
best and wisest differed, were to be avoided, and a solemn
piety Ted in their elevated pursuits, in the stead of con-
troversal metaphysics and religion.
SATURDAY MORNING, July 31.
sec l 'al business commenced yesterday mos.:llles ittri4
at eleven o'clock. Papers in several sections were reed',
but that of chief interest was perhaps the fellowin_g':—ln
Section G.—Captain Taylor, of her Iliaje4tY's ship
San Josef, read a communication on floating breakwa-
ters. The subject of prOtection to the harbours of this
country was one of very great importance, particularly
as the Commissioners appointed by Government had
pointed out the desirableness of having three harbours
of refuge on the western coast. This would involve an
expense of at least 6,000,0001., which at once nega-
tived the proposition. There were no less than
250 harbours round the coasts, all of which re•
quired protection. In the course of last year,
500 ships were wrecked on our coasts, whilst 1,200 lives
were annually destroyed, and the annual loss was about
3,000,0001. sterling. On the score of humanity, there-
fore this subject deserved consideration, and Captain
Taylor was prepared to prove that a floating breakwater,
made of wood, might be constructed for at least a fiftieth
part of the expense of a solid breakwater. Nor was a
floating breakwater liable to many of their objections of
the former, and it had been found in many parts of Ply-
mouth Sound the mud had accumulated to the depth of five
feet. A breakwater on this principle was about to be
laid down at Brighton, so as to make it a harbour.
In the evening a soiree was given at the Town -hall in
Devonport, which was very well attended ; and Mr.
Chatfield, of the Dock-yard, gave a lecture, with illustra-
tions on ship-building, demonstrative of the launch of
the Hindostan 80 gun ship, which will take place Oa
Monday.
To-day none of the sections meet, as the whole of the
members have joined the excursions to some of ;he inte-
resting localities in the neighbourhood: •
SATURDAY NIGHT.
ACCOUNT OF THE EXCURSIONS ITP- THE
TAMAR, &c.
The excursion up the Tamar was Inade in men-of-
war's bonts ; in those of the San Jcsef, Caledonia, and
Impregnable. The party svae Small in comparison to
that which visited the mikes beyond Tavistock, the latter
consisting of nearly two hundred ; the former between
sixty and seventy. Six boats contained us all, and com-
fortably. We embarked at eleven o'clock at the New
Passage, where the steam ferry bridge plies. Up the
Hamoaza we went in capital style, viewing with pleasure
the wooden walls of old England all around us. Next we
commenced the beautiful river scenery of the Tamar, looked
up the St. Germans, and glimpsed the Tavy, leaving Graves-
end and Thankes (the property of Lord de Lisle), and
Anthony (belonging to Mrs. Carew), on the left. A
little higher up is schedule A—or Saltash, looking dila-
pidated, which we attributed to its privation of ancient
privileges, but were told it was now in a most flourishing
condition in comparison with its state when it returned
the Hon. -Member for Saltash. The women here are
well skilled in aquatic exercises, that is,. they are clever
and practised oars-women. A prize is annually given
during the regatta, which takes place next week, to be
pulled for by the female boatmen of Saltash.
Pentilie Castle and grounds present a fine object We
first .landed at Cotehele, Coteil, or Cothell, a property
belonging to the Edgecumbe family, and walked some
little distance up to the ancient castle of the Coteils,
where Charles 1., Queen Elizabeth,-Queen Anne, George
111., and others of Royal blood have sojourned: It is
accounted to be of about the time of Henry 'VIL How
real antiquarians would revel here. We had but one amongst
our party • and he knew not how to leave each relic.
Chairs, tables, cabinets, oak, ebony, and yew, with the
most complex arrangement of secret drawers, doors, locks,
keys, dogs (of which, in Queen Elizabeth's room, there
was a beautiful pair in brass), carvings, candlesticks,
snuffers, glasses, metallic mirrors, &c., attracted and
rivetted his attention on all sides. It did one's heart
good to see such thOrough enjoyment; but not much Jess
re
was that of most of the party; there were one or two
that walked through the rooms with almost se vacant
stare, yet, thinking it necessary to make„scze
when anything was pointed out, utteret
with tapes-
funny, that is funny!' Every room is g.
uand subjects of
try, from ceiling to floor; the colours and .tsreinvearrik
really beautiful
and curious; to examine all the beauties
orne
which are well preserved. But all
weeks at least.
of Coteil, however, would occupy .were
and curiosities
with one of a corresponding angle
side of a steep slope,
forminga deep dell, thickly wooded, the boughs
walked throughs
the woods on the
From the castle we
opposite,. ,th most picturesque manner, and Meeting
interlacing zn down to a small shapel„
built on a rock over
event on to Calstock, passing the
every g
Re-embarking, we ovf
erhanging the river.
woods of Coteil, which
magnificent
and useful trees.
veyra heri ae n7gainno
g
enormous
ahcihcoestnut and other ornamental
We landed at Calstock, and much enjoyed from that ele;
rat
spot the view of the Morwell rocks and the beauti-
fuled
surrounding scenery, the winding river. &c., return..
_
ing to the village to dinner. Everything cold in. the
form of meat, poultry, pastry, &c., had been provided,
and laid out for our attack : our appetites had not been
destroyed by our excursion, and we set to work in right
good earnest.
The weather on our return was squally ; w e B.4ed
back, and with the exception of once sticking on A mud-
bank in the middle of the river, covered at hi:pi 'water.
where we might have been obliged to repair until the
next flood, we 'reached, and were landed at Admiral's
Hard, at Stonehouse, without accident. I,bout seven
o'clock in the evening.
The party to the mines returned uhout the same time,
Everything that could be was Shown to them. Mr. De
la Beche explained the geolo.kical, and Mr. Taylor the
mechanical peculiarities or. their route, and at the mines,
for raising, crushing, Scc.' the ores. Several went down
into the mine, by which their appearance Was not im-
proved.
We have heard nothing of the excursion to the Eddy-
stone and Breakwater, but the weather not being real
July, we should think the party must have been any-
thing but a party of pleasure.

UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.
OXFORD, JULY 31.-17. Smith, of Oriei College, has
been admitted a demy of Magdalen College, on the Lin-
colnshire foundation, and the Rev. J. B. Mosley. R. D.
Burrell Rawnsley, and J. E. Welby have been admitted
Fellows on the same foundation.
The Dean and Chapter of Durham have presented the
Rev. H. Chaytor, of St. Mary Hall, to the perpetual cu..
sacy of Croxdale, Durham.
The Lord Bishop of Chester ,has presented the Rev.
G. Levy, of Queen's College, to the perpetual curacy of
Emmanuel Church, Bolton-le-Moors, Lancashire.
W. F. Lowndes Stone, Esq., has presented the Rev.
G. Day, Student of Christ Church,
ptore:lieneterdeethtoeryßeovf.
B aTI (re' ellx)Brdri gh
Bishoptwell,ofChichester Oxfordshire.
has
S. Davies to the vicarage Winchester Barnham,
T. Sus sex.
the
Rey.
TTPhhaeetteLDs°unke to
rdß6othfhoeßpl of
auetlaraf has
vicarage
11 presented
421111:4111 the li a
Re. .mPlim.ev
Hastings to the rectory of Trowbizdge, Wiltshire, "