The Sun.
London, England, 1847-12-23 00:00:00

AT SEA

numerous ships it has already saved, and the captains gratefully ac-
knowledge the glorious results. Two testimonial extracts shall
suffice:-- • -

" Captain Greig. from Quebec to London, state* that the Fountain
Pump being fitted in the Caroline, its great power was die means of
saving the ship and 230 souls on board, two seams in the botwm
being partly lett without calking."
• " The Argus brig, item Cadiz, sprung a leak when three days out
at sea, and soon after her common , pump choaked and became use.;
less. Captain Rutherford states all then depended upon her Foun-
tain Punip, which.for nineteen days and eighteen nights was in ac-
tion without a =Mite's respite, when all arrived safely in London,
With a thank God for the Fountain Pump."
ON LAND
the New Portable Fire-engines are of .infinitely better service than a
fire brigade. They act instantaneously at the outbreak of a tire.

" We are delighted with the invention—it is a great boon to so-
Ciety."—:Editors Liverpool Mail.
The New Portab'e Fire-engines have preserved a large portion of
Norwich from destruction, for out of eighteen different properties on
lire in and near the city, they saved eleven -olely and seven mainly,
Including. In the sevea the Queen's Cavalry Harracke ; and. In the
eleven, Messrs. Horton's dyery, and 12,0001. worth of consigned pro-
perty; Stoke itu.tard, starch, a!;c1 dour mills, and Messrs. Butcher's_
grocery warehousesjust in time to prevent a large quantity of gun-
powder therein from exploding, which must have spread around de-
struction-and death.

" North Walshtim.—At this fire the Portable ]Engine was of great
service, and by having one of them ready, there is no doubt but Will
the property now destroyed might have been saved."—Norfolk Ckro-
nide,: August 220846.

At a Norwich fire June 2, 1847, the two Portable Engines were
the pets of the public. The cry was, feed the little engines arid they
will do the work, which proved true. The four large engines present
proved useless.

Portable Engines speedily prove steam-boilers to a dozen atmo-
ipheres._

Now the fact is this, all former Force Pumps, Lift-force Pumps,
Lift Pumps, andQliatn Pumps are bad machines: they rub, grub, and
scrape the water upwards by friction, which wastes two-fifths of the
power used, and progressively falter by leakage, which Drs. Young
and Hutton, with many other eminent experimenters, lamented
thus :—The quantity or water actually raised by any machine seldom
excees's half the power consumed, after overcoming friction and
leakage ; and notwithstanding the best engineers in the world had
tri.d in vain for two thousand years to abate these palpable defects
in hydraulic machines, nevertheless, at last the victorY is won, and
won for ever ; for friction and leakage are now both annihilated by
the new rolling principle in pumps, and their effect augmented from
twelve to tweuty (or about seventy per cent.), and frequently with-
out more outlay.

Most men can sustain heavy rapid pump trials for 40 seconds, but
some Men drop at minute time. With a best new heavy working Fric-
tion Pump an active sound-winded young man of 140 lbs. weight can
raise 10,000 lbs. of water one foot high in a minute, and with a Foun-
tain Pump 9,000 lbs. in half a minute. Thus a continual and most
extraordinary lucrative advantage is gained over perpetual and uni-
versal ignorance, clearly proving that Knowledge is Power.
John Clanton Roberts, Esl., in his popular Work, No. 1,110, did
well lh placing Gosset's French Pump Abortion (that slaps the water
upward) side by side with the Fountain Pump, which upset a good
deal of Folly. Because Mr. Mallett, IMAM, a thorough-bred pump-
maker, Mr. itaddley, London, an everlasting pump-writer, and Mr.
Ewbank, America, an ignorant pump book-maker, asserted that the
two pumps Were identical. But the Yankee out-fooled John Bull
and Paddy in No. 1,183, and in No. 496, Book-maker Millington's
remarks are preposterous. However, en the other hand, Dr. Birk-
beck, Aberdour, Hay, Parkington, with many other discerning men,
after witnessing the perfect effect and the beautiful simplicity of the
rolling principle, gave the invention the following true and sustain.
able character:—The Fountain Pump is the most important improve-
mentin the art of raising water that has appeared within the last two
thousand years—the greatest advancement in the useful arts in
modern times.
- The Consummation Fountain Pumps are successfully carried out
for private and public uses, at lifts below and above 100 feet altitude,
for man, boric, and steam power; delivering from half a pint per
stroke to 100 barrels of water per minute, and rendering every fair
trial at competition ridiculous, whilst their durability is guaranteed
at less cost than common pumps.

W. SIIALDEILS.

Fountain Pump Works, Norwich, Nov. 30, 1847.
See Mechanic's Magazine, _Nos. 231., 364, 343, 429, 430, 433,
482, 486, 487, 489, 492, 495, 496, 508, 509, 510. 525, 533, 658.,
727, 804, 1,040, I,llo*, 1,133. Nos. illustrated are marked thus*

-'TROTTING.—'The wager of 100/. aside, wherein a
pony, under 13 hands in height, was backed against
time, to trot 15 miles in 60 minutes, was brought to a
decision on Monday. The little animal was walled to
:he ground, the 11th milestone on the Slough-load, a
few initiates before three o'clock, and ero it was un-
clothed excited no small curiosity among those who were
not its personal acquaintances; a skin-view still more
astonished them, for assuredly it was, height considered,
a lengthy, leggy, and dangerous-looking animal—u-ing
the epithet dangerous in its double sense. The start
made, it was soon seen that the creature could go; but
before a quarter of a mile was covered, the hinder rail
of the match-cart broke, and the driver, Mr. George
Jenks, was placed in a situation as anxious as that of an
unqualified Member of the House of Commons; it was
clear that his was a seat only to be held by determined
opposition,.and this he showed by clinging on by the
aid of his p-my's pulling and his own resolve of sticking
to his return; this he made good at the 18th milestone.
Here the turn took place, and the gallant little animal
had to persevere until the 10th milestone on the road
towards London was reached. This was done, mirabile
dictu, in 58 minutes 15 seconds, thereby proving the
victor by 1 minute 45 seconds, an achievement unpre-
cedented by an animal of its inches.

PEDESTRIANISM.—JENKINSON AND MOLYNEUX'S
RICE FOR 251. A-SIDE.—The race of 440 yards, between
H. Moiyneux, and Charles Jenkinson, the London Stag,
attracted, on Tuesday last, a large assemblage. The
ground agreed on was at Harlington Corner, on the
Hounslow-road, in the immediate neighbourhood of the
Coach and Horses, indeed the starting point was nearly
opposite that hostelrie. At a few minutes before three
the men showed in racing trim, and got off at the first
start. The ground, roped and staked up the middle for
the last hundred ards, was well kept. The race,
although a ,peedy one, wss sc trcely ever in doubt —a
rattling run of 200 yards showed the Stag had all his
work to du—at 300 yards they were level, but Molyneux
winning, as far as self-control was concerued—at 400 he
ran on, and turned almost, as if to look for his man.
J9,nkimon ran gamely, but was defeated in a fast-run
race by five yards. Time, 54 seconds, or perhaps under,
and a heavy road, as the moist state of the atmosphere
J. A. BRANDON.—On Saturday
flthueTstillalEtthriLreinTesEnt t,l‘ionicsEcuUrre.
jred the death of Mr. J. Arthur
Brandon, a young architect of much promise, at the
early age of twenty-six. Most of our readers have a
knowledge of the valuable works produced by the
Messrs. Brandon—" The Analysis o Gothic Architec-
ture," Parish Churches," &c.—and will grieve with us
in hearing of this loss to the profession.—Builder.
The Lord Mayor gave a very elegant entertain-
ment to the Common Councilmen, the clergy, and seve-
ral private friends of his ward of Queenhiche, at the
Mansion-house, on St. Thomas's-day. There were fifty
guests present at the dinner, which was supplied in first-
rata style by Messrs. Ring and Etrywer, of Cornhill.

JUGGERNAUT.
Mr. POYNDER had given ' notice of the following
motion for to. day :
" That the late correspondence between the Hod.
Court of Directors and the Bengal Government rela-
tive to any pledge having been originally given for
the continued support of .the temple of Juggernaut on
the conquest of the district of Cuttack in the pro-
vince of Orissa, already laid on the table of this
Court, be printed for the use of such proprietors as
may previously signify in writing their desire to pos-
sees it:' • 4' :"61"
But in rising to address the. Court, we understood the'
Hon. Proprietor to express a wish to have substituted
for that motion another, to the following effect :
" That, adverting to the dispatch to the Bengal
Government, transmitted fourteen years ago, by the
Court of Directors, and dated the 20th of February,
1833, declaring their determined withdrawal thence-
forth from all connexion with, and abetment of, the
idolatrous rites and ceremonies of India; and further,
adverting to the correspondence of the Court with its
Bengal Government, ordered to be laid on the table
of this Court, demonstrating that no pledge, direct or
indirect, was evergiven for the support of that temple
of Juggernaut ; and also adverting to the continued
anual money payment of 35,000 rupees still made by the
local Government for the support of the temple, its
priests, and prostitutes, under the supposed obliga-
don of some fiscal commutation, in consequence of
which pa-ment it was proved at the September Court
that the abominations of this temple, and destruc-
tion of human life, still continue precisely as if the
said dispatch had never been issued—this Court is of
opinion that the local Government is manifestly ex-
ceeding its commission, and that the time is fully ar-
rived when it becomes the imperious duty of this
Court, to Christianity and the country, to interpose
and to declare that all such support of heathenism
shall have an immediate end."
The CHAIRMAN observed that if the Hon. Pro-
prietor wished to have the papers mentioned in his
original motion printed, there was no objection to
that, but that the motion since read was one of a very
different character.

The original motion baying been read and seconded,
was about to be carried, when _ _

Mr. POYNDER said he wished to make a few obser-
vations. His object was, that the Court of Proprie-
tors should now take the matter up. Juggernaut, he
said, still continued what it had ever been, and though
victims were not now thrown under the wheel, still,
from the multitudes collected together, from the effect
of seasons, and other circumstances, there ensued a
vast sacrifice of human life at these superstitious rites,
while the idolatry and sin of attending them remained
the same. Thequestion was, whether or not there
existed any pledge which bound the India Government
to keep up. this heathenism for all time ? In the cor-
respondence would be, found conflicting opinions
on this point, but some of the answers in reference to
this 'matter, and they appeared to him to be the wisest
and most conclusive, were to the effect that no such
pledge existed. He observed that among the proprie-
tary body of the East India Company there,were 86 cler-
gymen having 107 votes, and necessarilygreat influence.
He thought it hard that those gentlemen, who only
made their appearance in that Court twice a year for
the purpose of receiving their dividends, and the
effect of whose votes was chiefly felt in the election
of directors, should be found absent from the Court
when some of the most awful and important questions
were under discussion. He had sent to them notice
of the present motion, but he
.had 'onlsk got one an-
swer, stating that the writer concurred in the motion
and would vote for it, if he could give his rote by
proxy. As that could not be done, he (Mr Poynder)
had consequently lost the benefit of his vote. How-
ever, he believed that the time could not be far dis-
tant when, through the prevailing influence of the
Christian religion, there would be accomplished an
entire and complete relinquishment and abandonment
by the East India Company of this foul, unnatural,
and detestable source of at least half the crimes in
Bengal.
Mr. WEEDING observed, that since the last Court
information had reached this country in respect to
he practice of Suttee, which he believed would he
satisfactory to the lion. Proprietor. The information
he referred to was to the effect that that practice,
which consisted in the sacrifice of women at the
funerals of their husbands, was abolished in the
kingdom of Lahore by the orders of the Government
of that country. That was a great step, and it
must be satisfactory to the Hon. Proprietor to find
that the local Government of India was alive to the
improvement of the social condition of the people.
This was the safest way of c° the object
which the Hon. Proprietor haacdainPl
at heart.
The original motion was then put and agreed to ;
and with respect to the second motion, it was agreed
that that should stand as a notice for next Court,
The CHAIRMAN observing that the sum of 35,000
rupees referred to in the motion was above the
amount paid; that it was not given as a boon or
discretionary grant, but as a payment liable to be
contested as a right in courts of justice.
Mr. LEWIS thought that other papers should be
produced, to throw light on the subject.
The CHAIRMAN replied, that no further papers had
been since received.

Vv
Mr. SULLIVAN said that when the question cane
to be discussed the Chairman would find him a
strenuous opponent of the doctrine he had just
enunciated.

THE RAJA. OP SATTARA.
Mr. LEwts said he had given notice of a motion
with respect to the case of the late Raja of Sattara
but, as through some inadvertence it had not been
advertised, he would renew the notice for next Court.
Mr. SULLIVAN said, that he had come prepared to
support the Bon. Proprietor's motion, and as he
thought this an urgent case, admitting no delay, he
would now propose a motion on the subject himself.
It was true that the Raja was dead, but his case was
not dead, and the iniquity enacted against him must
be redressed. He believed all the charges against
him to be the result of a foul conspiracy, and that
he had been der;lironed and degraded on the strength
of evidence which he was not permitted to see. The
Honourable Pr oprietor concluded by making a motion
to the effect That the contents of the papers re•
cently laid before the Court respecting the innocence
of
f r
evhi oe
au
si
Raja
necessary,d possessedoo
fd S
thet
rbatogether with the information
the Court, rendered it expe-
dient the furtherance of the ends
of justice,
re good government of India.
t
that the inquiry which had been prayed for by the
at
furut u
late Raja should he granted, with the view of re-
lieving his character, if innocent, and vindicating the
honour of the British Government from that suspicion
and obloquy which the proceedings against the late
Raja excited."
Mr. GEORGE Taaatrsori, in seconding the ,motion,
said he would bring the subject forward at every
Court, until justice was done to the character of the
late Raja, who had fallen a victim to the persecu lion
of his enemies, and the obduracy of the Court of
Directors; in fact, he was a murdered man. The
agent at Benares, more than two years ago, reported
to the Bombay Government that he was fast sinking
from the effect of the climate of Benares, which
was very different from the part of India in
which he was born. He had repeatedly memo-
rialised the Government for permission to remove
from Benares to some other part of India, the climate
of which was more congenial to his constitution ,• but
no attention was paid to his request, although the
agent had himself stilted that, if not permitted to
remove from Benares, he would ultimately fall a
victim to the climate. The Government.of India had
long been aware that he was slowly sinking under the
effects of the climate. He had not died from any
disease, but was slowly murdered.. It was his dying
wish that a full investigation should take place into
all the charges that had been brought against him.
He (Mr. Thompson) wished to know :what was
intended to be done with his territory ? He believed
the original. intention was for the Government to take
possession of it. His family, however, lived to

The Noble CHAIRMAN commenced the proceedings
by reminding the meeting that it was customary on
such occasions for the Chairman to address those
assembled upon the subject which had called them
together, and in confOrmity with that custom he felt
st eras his duty to address a few-very brief observa-
s lions `to them with respect to the- very latereetfog
subject bf the progiess which the Ragged Schools"
had made since their establishment.—(Hear, hear.)
The success which had attended the efforts of the
founders of these schools was most remarkable, and
he hoped that it would be an encouragement to others
to follow their example throughout the length and
breadth of the land.—(Cneers ) Since he presided
at a meeting on this subject in St. Pancras, a
year ago, he had experienced many opportunities of
witnessing the condition of the children from whose
class the attendants at the Ragged Schools were
drawn; and he had found, every day, reason to thank
God for what had already been done in the way of
giving an education to these children.—(Hear, hear.)
They had•now 5,500 children at their schools, all re-
ceiving instruction, and all made each day more sus-
ceptible of moral improvement. They were, when the
society took them in its hands, ragged, forlorn, and
destitute creatures, and now they were all receiving a
good secular and religious education.—(Hear, hear.)
It was impossible to calculate the advantage which the
Ragged Schools conferred, unless one went into the
districts from which the attendants of these schools
jcame, and took the measure and gauge of the moral
and physical degradation in which those who resided
in such districts were placed ; and it was impossible to
witness that state of degradation without feeling thank-
ful to God that already so many poor children had been
rescued from it, and without feeling courage to go
much farther with such a gdod work. The chief
point to which he now wished to direct the attention
of those assembled was, the great advantage which
must arise from the establishment of a class of indus-
trial education. It was peculiarly necessary to teach
these children habits of useful and profitable employ-
ment, for they were of a peculiar class and character,
and totally unlike children born of honest, and indus-
trious, and hard-working parents ; accustomed as
they were to vagrancy and violence of every kind,
they required to have ideas of industry carefully im-
planted in their minds by showing them the advan-
tages that resulted from such a course. It was not
difficult to effect that desirable object, for children
who had come into the schools fqurteen months ago
with no idea whatsoever of the advantages of indus-
trial occupation, were now fitted by the teachinz of
the schools for any humble employment which might
offer—(Cheers)—and trained to habits of industry,
order, and sobriety.—(Hear, hear.) In the West-
minster " Ragged School" that fact was exhibited
in a striking manner, inasmuch as the majority
of the scholars were clothed in garments made
by themselves.—(Cheers.) They had laid down
as a rule in Westminster that, however ragged a
child was when he entered into the school, he
should remain so until he had learned to make things
for himself. That might appear severity, but it held
out an inducement to the child to make an effort, and
when the advantageous results which followed the
effort became apparent to him, he began to learn the
value of industry. When they did not require things
for themselves any further, they were desired to as-
sist their brothers or sisters, or colleagues, in this re-
spect, and thus good, moral, and kindly feelings were
implanted in their minds ; feelings the very reverse
of those which they entertained when they were, as
they termed it themselves, "on the sneak," or " on
tramp." He would earnestly request of those who
were present to go down to Westminster and witness
the effect of the system which had been established
there, for it had been eminently successful.—
(Cheers.) If in other schools it was advantageous
to have a certain portion of the day devoted to
industrial education, it was peculiarly desirable
in these schools, which ware intended for a peculiar
class, as far separated in their habits and ideas
from the ordinary run of children, almost as any
species of animal could be from another of its genus.
Ile could state from his experience that nothing could
present a greater contrast with the ordinary moral
and social con iition of the children of honest hard-
working parents than the condition of those poor
children, and industrial education for them was there-
fore the more desirable. He hoped that they would
all continue their exertions, for after their best endea-
vours to improve the condition of those forlorn crea-
tures, there would still remain much to be done.—
(His Lordship resumed his seat amidst loud cheers.)
The SECRETARY then read the report, from which
it appeared the girls attending the school were now
constantly instructed in sewing and other plain work
by many charitable ladies, who most kindly under-
took the office. it was also proposed to establish, as
soon as sufficient funds were obtained, a system of in-
dustrial education for the boys.
Several other gentlemen having addressed the
meeting, thanks were voted to the Chairman, and the
assembly separated.

WHAT A GENTLEMAN MAY DO, AND WHAT HE MAY
NOT DO.—He may carry a brace of partridges, but not a
leg of mutton. He may be seen in the omnibus-box at
the opera, but not on the box of an omnibus. He may
be seen in a stall inside a theatre, but not at a stall
outside one. He may dust another person's jacket, but
must not brush his own. He may kill a man in a duel,
but he mustn't eat peas with his knife. He may thrash
a coalheaver, but he mustn't ask twice for soup. He
may pay his debts of honour, but he need not trouble
himself about his tradesmen's bills. He may drive a
stage-coach, but he mustn't take or carry coppers. He
may ride a horse as a jockey, but he mustn't exert
himself in the least to get his living. He must never
forget what he owes to himself as a gentleman, but he
need not maid what he owes as a gentleman to his
tailor. He may do anything, or anybody, in fact within
the range of a gentleman—go through the Insolvent
Debtors' Court, or turn billiard-marker; but he must
never on any account carry a brown paper parcel, or
appear in the streets without a pair of gloves.--comic
Almanac.

POST-OFFICE REGULATIONS ON CHRISTMAS-EAT.
—The money- order-office in A ldersgate-street, opposite
the General Post-office, St. Martin's-le-Grand, the
branch offices, Lombard-street, the Borough, Charing-
cross, and Old Cavendish-street, as well as those in
the different parts of the metropolis, will be closed on
Saturday (Christmas day) b dth for paying and granting
orders. The deliveries from the General and London
District Post-offices will not be after twelve o'clock, but
the General Post and receiving-houses will be open till
the usual hour, both fur letters and newspapers. Bills of
exchange, &c., coming due on Saturday will be payable
to- morrow at the different banking-houses and merchants
in the City and West-end.
CALLINGTON MINING COMPANT.—Yesterday the
quarterly meeting of this company was held at the offices
of Mr. Stainsby, 44, Finsbury- square. By the accounts
submitted for the three months ending September last, it
appeared that the reserve fund had increased to
6101. 19s. 6d., and that there was a credit of about
1,4001. This account had been considerably diminished
by the fall in the price of lead. The sales of silver lead
ore for the three months amounted to 5,9451. 9s. 7d., the
silver ore to 31/. 16s. 9d., and the copper ore to 669/. 10s.
The cash balance was 298/. 7s. 6d. The chairman
said the directors had been considering over a dividend
of ten shillings per share, but thought it had better be
postponed a little longer, when they expected to make it
twenty shillings per share. After some discussion the
meeting adjourned.
GLASGOW.—LORD RECTOR AND THE UNIVERSITY.
—lt has now been officially announced to the students
attending the university that Colonel Me
e, M. for
the county of Renfrew, will be installed on TuP.
esday,
the 4th proximo, when he will deliver his inaugural
address, having been unavoidably prevented from doing
so immediately before the Christmas holidays, as stated
in a former parograph.—North British Mail.
The Right honourable Sir John Cam Hobhouse
and Miss Hothouse left town yesterday for Earlstoke
Park, Wilts,"forthe holidays.

observe in your paper of to-day a no-
tiee of a meeting held at the "Marylebone Vestry, for
the purpose of considering the'means of obtaining the
repeal of the window -tax, which was considered to be
one of the first'and most important steps in the pro-
gress of sanitary refbrm At the meeting Lord
Duncan is reported to have stated, that unless he
received some assurance from the Government that
this tax should be abolished, he would move it as an
amendment to some of their measures, Alluding, I
presume, to the contemplated sanitary Bill. Now,
Sir, 1 readily admit that no sanitary enactment can
be complete, which does not provide for the repeal of
the window tax ; for all writers oil hygiene, have
shown the importance of air and light in the promo-
tion of health; and it is evident that we cannot have
a sufficient supply of these desiderata so long as the
present unjust tax is allowed to exist. It is, there-
fore to be hoped that Lord Morpeth will be able, in
the forthcoming Health of Towns Bill, to make -pro-
vision for repealing the tax on windows. But should
it so hcppen that, in the estimation of some of the
mi-mbers of. Government, the present state of our
financial affairs will not sanction such a.step, and that
the repeal of the tax in question must be postponed a.'
little, why, I would ask, should that cir-
cumstance induce any one to offer an impe-
diment to the sanitary Bill ? , If the Bill
be like its predecessor of last session it will
contain many valuable provisions ; and it would, I
think, be unwise to oppose a measure which is con-
fessedly good, but which is not quite so perfect as it
might be. Besides, I cannot but think that a little
reflecion would convince any one that repeal of the
window-tax, although very essential as'a part of a
general sanitary scheme, would be a very poor sub
stitute for the promised Bill. It would, in fact, be
like beginning at the wrong end, for where is the
use of giving facilities for increasing the number of
wsadoevarlii.divelling-houses, laxder to admit more
light and air, unless yOtkr-havet previously ta4n care'
to remove the causes which tend to vitiate the air,
such as imperfect drainage, accumulations of filth,
&c. I remember recently attending a poor person in
a lodging-house, and on expressing my surprise that
the window was not opened to allow a little fresh air
to enter the room, I was told that there was a filthy
cesspool immediately beneath the window, the exha-
lations from which were so offensive when the window
was open, that they were intolerable. Being desirous
of ascertaining whether such was the fact, I raised
the sash, but the effiuvia that entered soon induced
me to close it. In a case like this—and similar ones
may readily be found—uf what use would repeal of
the window-tax be, as a single measure, and as a
substitute for others
It has, however, been shown, in evidence taken by
the Health of Towns' Commissioners, that the win.
dow- tax may be so modified as not to cause the evils
which are attached to it in its present form ; and,
should a total repeal be unattainable at present, this
modification may probably be adopted.
Allow me to apologise for occupying your columns,
but I could not refrain from expressing my opinion
that the real advocate of sanitary reform will not act
consistently in endeavouring to counteract the phi-
lanthropic efforts of Lord Morpeth and the other
members of Government, by proposing to substitute
repeal of the window-tax as a preliminary step.
Yours, obediently,
JAMES ORWIN.
Worcester, Dec., 1847.

CHRISTMAS BOXES.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SIR,—I perceive, from several reports which have
appeared in your paper from time to time, that a
fierce agitation is being set on foot for abolishing
Christmas boxes. May I, through your columns,
call the attention of these conservators of the people's
morals (qy. their own pockets ?) to one fact, which
doubtless they have often, if not always, availed
themselves of, viz., that there is no law which com-
pels the payment of them ? Then why attempt to
imbue those who are generously inclined with their
own selfish feelings, under the cant of morality ?
Time-honoured custom has usually awarded them ;
and long may they remain to provide the means of
spreading joy and gladness where otherwise all would
be cheerless. Thousands in this metropolis can look
to this source alone to repay them for the day's work
lost unto them, or to provide something, small
though it may be, yet still sufficient to remind them
of the festivities enjoyed by others. Again, wages
are regulated with direct reference to the supposed
emoluments receivable from this source in numerous
places. May I ask these pseudo-moralists it; by
abolishing these, they will not be abettors in defraud-
!lig men placed in such situations ?
I will not trespass further, but trust to your well-
,known sense of justice for some notice of this ; and
remain yours obediently,
AN OCCASIONAL CORRESPONDENT.
Southampton-buildings, Dec. 20, 1847.

DEFENCELESS STATE OF THE

COUNTRY.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sin—l am glad that so great an authority as the
Duke of Wellington has directed the attention of
Government to the defenceless state of the country.
I think much might be done to protect us without in-
creasing our intolerable taxation. Instead of having
a few enormous naval establishments, why not have
moderate-sized ones at the entrances of our principal
rivers—the only vulnerable points—for no enemy
would be so foolhardy as to attempt to lard on an
exposed coast. I believe the Government are con-
templating something of the kind. I suggest, at the
mouth of the Humber, as they have secured forty
acres of land at the east side of the immense dock
making at Grimsby. A militia would be of no use.
It could not prevent half-a- dozen foreign war-steamers
going up to Hull in the night, destroying the town and
shipping, and departing before daylight. All rivers
are not navigable in the dark, like the Humber, but
several are, and these are where the enemy would
annoy us. In the next war we shall suffer dreadfully
in the destruction of property if our rivers are not
defended ; but I cannot imagine that any enemy
would attempt to conquer the country. If the Go-
vernment would consult Captain Washington and the
other Tidal Harbour Commissioners, they would
obtain some valuable information, which I greatly
suspect they need. I have no objection to the people
turning out as volunteers for a fortnight in a year to
learn their exercise, but do not let us be burdened
with a militia.

I remain, Sir, your obedient servant,
A CONS UANT READER.

THE WARDMOTES.—STATE OF
THE POLLS.
The polling in the four contested wards was con-
tinued yesterday, with the following results :
BILLINGSGATE (8 MEMBERS).—Curling (deputy),
63; R. M. Philipps, 66; R. Bower, 65 ; J. Knill, 65;
W. Williams, 65 ; W. G. Barnes, 64 ; J. Roberts, 64 ;
•J. Causton, 43 ; H. H. Piper, 31. Mr. Causton is
the new candidate. The poll re-opens at three o'clock
this afternoon, and will finally close at four.

COLEMAN-STRRET (8).--7Allan (deputy), 83 ;
*Webster, 88 ' • Hall, 84 ; Hale, 84 ; Davies, 81;
Bracher, 73; Perkins, 69 ; *Valiance, 60 ; John'on,
52. Mr. Webster and Mr. Valiance are the new
candidates. The latter gentleman is a solicitor, and
it will be recollected took an active part in the pro-
secution of the notorious Barnard Gregory.
FARRINGDON WITHOUT (16).—Obbard (deputy),
131; Bedford (deputy), 123; Anderton, 116; Isher-
wood, 114 ; Walter, 112 ; Williams, 112 ; Buck-
master. 109 ; Barnatd, 105 ; Taylor, 105 ; Edkins,
97 ; *Batas, 95 ; Hodgson, 94; Liss, 90; Fox, 89 ;
Turner, 87 ; *Lees, 85 ; Galloway, 61; Prender-
gast, 58.
PORTSOICIIN (B).—Wright (deputy), 80 ; Jutsum,
79; Parker, 75 ; Christie, 75 ; Kilby, 72.; Thomp-
son, 67 ; Hayward, 65 ; *Vile, 52 ; Danford, 51.
Mr. Vile, a respectable licensed victualler, is the new
candidate in this ward. We did him an unintentional
act of injustice yesterday, in describing him as at the
bottom of the poll.

EXTENSIVE CONFLAGRATION.—Last evening,
about a quarter before ten o'clock, a fire attended with a
serious destruction of valuable property, broke out upon
the extensive range of premises belonging to Messrs.
Alfred Bennett and Henry Morton Burton, engineers
and millwrights, carrying on business in Holland-street,
Blackfriars-road, near Blackfriars-bridge, and fur some
time it was feared that the whole of the property would
have fallen a prey to the fury of the destructive element.
Before eleven o'clock there could not have been less than
several hundred square feet of property in one complete
blaze. The firemen, however, nothing daunted, the
rin-
stant
they could obtain an adequate supply
had their machines called into operation. of
The flames
water,
had
were safely subdued by half-past eleven o'clock, but not
before the pattern lofts and the turnery were completely
gutted. The damage done must, at a moderate calcula-
tion,if not. a few thousand
amount to several hundreds,
pounds. The origin of the disaster
l‘, is unknown.
yesterdaydrafts oreffuthseedNorth- ethsteeranrrißvaalnkof ofth the next
acceptance by Messrs. Glyn and
wereehe
Co., their London agents, until
hwisitihs aajoint- boaenlk2, establishedp at Meerut,
minaill.B42T,
paid dividends at paidthe ruapte. capital of 300,0001. It has
er cent.
supposed
and its deposits and other liabilities to
per annum,
range lmtween 1000001. and io ,0001.

OF THE SCA'.
Ldergraduate at _Oxford,
;erend) Daidelarrilse-
Mary's a sermon
did not advocate thy_
-the
_ne of baptismal regeneration, his aermon
wao unsavoury to the nostrils of the chiefs of the
University, that it was not allowed to come forth to
the publ*through that gauge of Oxford orthodoxy,
the Clarendon Press_! The Bampton Lectures of
X.W.--Hampdern "however, were treated with all due
respect, having come forth to the world through the
University press---a presumptive evidence that they
contained nothing exceptionable; and during four
years, after their having been thus introduced to
society, not a word transpired that the Rev. Lecturer
-had advanced any unsound or strange doctrine ; but
the moment he was appointed Regius Professor of
Divinity by the Whigs, the then concealed but sub-
st quently manirested Tractarians, who were also ultra-
Tories, became enlightened all at once with regard to
the Hampden Bampton Lectures, and then for the first
time was heard the report of their containing un-
sound doctrine. flow came it to pass that these men
never found out this unsound doctrine before ? They
had heard the lectures, they had allowed them uninter-
ruptedly to pass through the Clarendon Press, and
they had read them after they had 'so passed. The
Protestant Pope of Exeter says that the author not
being then in a position which would enable him to
do mischief, these kten - sighted but good- natured
men, who were aware of the erroneous doctrine from
the very first, did not like to become accusers. This
is the defence set up for their silence and reserve;
but the error, which they subsequently pointed out
for condemnation, was asserted to be one of a very grave
character—an error subversive in effect of the whole
fabric of Christianity, being a rejection of the "Chief
Corner Stone." Were the men, then, who could
allow such an error to remain unexposed, unopposed,
and uncondetnned for four longyears—were these men,
I say, who thus slumbered over such a dangerous
doctrine, actuated by a nal concern "for the faith
once delivered to the saints?" Was it such a feeling
which induced them at length, after the lapse of
four years' silence, to expoie this asserted false
doctrine ? Nothing of the kind ; but party
spirit—a politico-theologico party spirit—was the
impulsive cause, and hence the tears drawn forth on
the discovery of the unsound doctrine in question. I
do not wish it to be understood, by what I have ad-
vanced, that I assert that the Hampden Bampton Lec-
tures do or do not contain erroneous doctrinal state-
ments, but my object is to exhibit to public notice
-4w-insincerity of the prornmers of Dr. Hampden's
persecution; and the bitterness of their Spirit. They
could hold their peace while it suited their purpose,
though at the expense of the truth, but the instant
an opportunity was presented them for damaging
their political opponent, they availed themselves of it,
wishing the world to believe that they were solely
influenced in their proceedings by a sincere regard
for the truth ; but all reflecting men perceived that
they were acting under a cloak of maliciousness.
I have not the honour of being personally ac-
quainted with Dr. Hampden, but what I know of
him, through the medium of a common friend, a very
pious brother clergyman, and from his letter to that
friend, convinces me both of the soundness of his re-
ligious principles, and of the excellency of his Chris-
tian character, and I have no doubt of his proving a
zealous and efficient overseer of the Church, and an
ornament to the high station to which I consider he
has been deservedly promoted.—l am, Sir, your obe-
dient servant,

21st December, 1847.

S. PRESBYTER.

TO THE BISHOP OF EXETER.

MY LORD BISHOP OF EXETER,—The public were
not a little surprised, when a letter which certain
bishops addressed to Lord John Russell, on
the appointment of Dr. Hampden to the see of Here-
ford, first appeared, to find that the signature of "H.
Exeter" was not of that number. Conjectufe was
rife; it was thought you might have had too much
respect for the Crown to have opposed the " powers
that be," or that your charity made you differ from
your protesting brethren ; and hopes for a moment
were entertained that you thought Dr. Hampden an
ill-used man, and that you refused to join the bigoted
cry, which was got up by the Tractarian zealots for
party purposes. Twenty-four hours, however, dis-
pelled these pleasing illusions. The well-known
cutting style, for which your Lordship's writings
have obtained such an unenviable notoriety, appeared
in all its glory in the next day's papers, and told a
different tale. Your true character was then dis-
played, and while in strains of accustomed bitterness
you inveighed against the Premier for daring to nomi-
nate a man who had incurred your displeasure, and
that of a majority of the Convocation of Oxford, you
awoke in the minds of many (more especially of those
who know your Lordship as well as the writer of this
letter does) feelings of astonishment that you, of all
men in the world, should give utterance to such lan-
guage as that of your letter to Lord John Russell on
the appointment of Dr. Hampden.
I say you, of all men in the world, for one of your
chief grounds for attacking Dr. Hampden appears to
be that he is still lying under the censure of the
Oxford Convocation. Allow me then to ask, how
comes it, when a certain Dr. Pusey was lying under
the censure of an equally authoritative board at the
same University, amongst all your brethren on the
bench that you were the only one who despised their
censure, scorned their ban, and went unnecessarily
out of your way to allow that condemned theologian
to preach in any pulpit in your diocese to which he
could obtain an entrance; while at the same
time the hebdomadal board at the University had sus-
pended him, on account of his unfitness as a teacher,
from preaching, as far as their authority extended.
And yet you condemn Dr. Hampden! Et to Brute
Again, your Lordship hints at the harshness of the
law which compels the Dean and Chapter of Here-
ford to obey the cong,e d'elire of the Queen under a
most heavy penalty, and you display a most affecting
degree of sympathy for the painful position in which
they are placed, by being required to elect one whom
you consider such an arch-heretic. But did not your
conscience, at the time you were penning your volu-
minous dispatch, whisper that you yourself had once
lived in a glass house, and that it ill became you to
throw a stone ?—that after the Roman Catholic
Emancipation Bill the Dean and Chapter of Exeter
were required, by a similar mandate from the Sove-
reign, to elect a certain Dr. Phillpotts as their future
bishop ; and that it was very seriously considered at
the time whether they should not resist the royal
commands—though they, for their own sakes, wisely
determined that discretion was the better part of
valour, and obeyed ? And is it not a fact that at the
time of your primary visit to the city of your epis-
copal see, that you were received—must I write it ?
with the cathedral bells muffled t And yet you ad-
vise the Dean and Chapter of Hereford to refuse the
Queen's conge d'elire! Et to Brute!
Again, your Lordship ventures to attack the theo-
logical opinions of Dr. Hampden, and you assert that
he is unfit to be a chief pastor in the Church of Eng-
land; but are you sound, I may ask, in all points ?
Have you never attempted to draw aside from their
" literal and grammatical sense " those articles of
our Church which have a tendency towards Cal-
vinistic doctrines ? Is it not well known in the diocese
that you boldly affirm of one of those articles, viz.,
the 17th, that it was foisted in to please a certain
party in the Church at the time of the Reformation ?
And yet you question Dr. Hampden's theology ! Et
to Brute!

Again, your Lordship quoting Scripture with your
accustomed suavity, says "a bishop must be blame-
less." True, most true ; but I would ask, more in
sorrow than in anger, have you never heard of a
certain bishop in the west of England, whose diocese
about three years ago was in a flame in consequence
of his abortive attempt to force upon an unwilling
people the follies and vagaries of the Tractarian sys-
tem, and that happily just one grain of common sense
was left him to see that, if persisted in, it would end
in the disruption of the Church of England ?—that
the consequence of his notorious advocacy of the
Tractarians has been to empty those churches of
which
hifso r efollowers
erthe
have
affections obta obtained
very large body of
d possession, and to
people, who would otherwise have been with us, but
alienate ever
who are now against us ? And yet yeu insinuate
that Dr. Hampden is not blameless, and
must
not be
a bishop ! Et to Brsite !
It is not worth while to point out, at any great
length, the sophistry so apparent in the lvo uminous
dispatch, in which you have displayed so much acri-
mony towards a brother clergyman by an ill-concealed
" Stand off, lam holier than thou ; or to express my
surprise at the confidence (to
use no harsher term)
in which you have expressed
Minister of our beloved Sovereignyour will to the Chief
in such sentetices
as these :—" Persist not in your rash experiment !"
" Forbear while you yet
have time "—" Retrace your
,steps "—as if you were the Sovereign Lord or Pope
of these realms.

In conclusion, I beg to subscribe myself (of neces-
sity " stat nominis umbra" for I have a wife and
children dependent on me for support, and my annual
income from the Church is considerably less than you
receive from the same source weekly), with every
respect for the office you hold,
ONE OF THE INFERIOR CLERGY OF
THE DIOCESE OF EXETER.
Dec. 15, 1847.

LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY.•--In
consequence of the late very heavy rains, the directors
have, we understand, issued orders to diminish the speed
of the express trains over the Trent Valley Railway,
which was recently completed, and opened for through
traffic a few days ago, to that or the mail trains, during
the winter months. The ordinary express speed which,
on the old line, is forty miles an hour, will be, we learn,
adopted on the Trent Valley Railway early in the
spring.—Berapath's Journal.