The Sun.
London, England, 1841-09-04 00:00:00

LONDON:
SATURDAY, SEPTEJIBER 4, 184].

By the Overland Mail from India we have re-
ceived news from Canton of the 19th of May,
from Macao of the 20th of the same month; from
Calcutta of the sth, from Bombay of the 19th,
of July ; from Alexandria of the 20th, and from
Malta of the 26th of August. Captain ELLIOT
was temporising with the Chinese authorities,
and had succeeded in obtaining the shipment
of eleven millions of pounds of tea. Before the
end of the month he expected to be able to
export an equal, or even a still greater, quantity.
As British goods were no longer in demand, all
the teas purchased were paid for with hard cash.
In the meanwhile the Chinese were making Tore-

parations for war—troops were arriving in g reat
numbers is Canton, and in; an attack on the Bri-
tish factory was appreheaded, Captain EL-
LIOT had ordered the .Mgcrein and Modesto
to station themselves so close as to cover the
factory with their guns. The EMPEROR was re-
ported to be furious. On the arrival of KESIIEN,
the late Imperial Commissioner at Pekin, his
Majesty ordered him to be cut in two halves
right through the middle for having allowed the
English to capture the Rocca Tigris forts.
Another of his Councillors having recom-
mended peace with the English had his
flesh literally torn bit by bit off his 'bones,
and thus died in the greatest agony. In an
Imperial decree the EMPEROR, alluding to the
dispute with England, tells his subjects, "Let
the two words make peace find no place in your
hearts,. nor ever give them any form b
writing Court
-favourite The Minister and. Court
'favourite Hoo, and the EMPEROR'S youngest
brother,
MEEN FIJNG, have received or-
ders c: to journey in all haste, travelling day
and night, at the head. of 50,000 invincible war-
riors, to Canton, to execute the vengeance of the
son of heaven upon the English, not dalowin, a
but sweeping -diem clean
single ship to escape,
from the face of the seas, in order to till the Im-
perial mind
with gratification." ills
JESTY, in another decree, says that- if Hoo
and MEEN PIING are not successful he will take
the field in person, and not only make an end of
English guilt in China, but utterly extirpate the
English name in India and England. British
authorities in India were preparing to save the
Em'E'Eaolt the trouble ofmarching so far as Canton
for an interview with the " red-bristled barba-
rians." Sir HENRY POTTINGER, the new Pleni-
potentiary, and Admiral Sir PARKER, Com-
mander of the 'orces, embarked from Bombay
for China on the 17th of July. They
.were to
commence the war with China with the strict
blockade of the whole western and southern
coast. They were next to occupy the is-
rand of Amoy, which is said to be ex-
ceedingly salubrious, and thus cut off all inter-
course between China and the rice granary,
Formosa. A part of the squadron
was to pro-
ceed to the mouth of the Peih
0 River, and
'thence make a dash upon the capital.
The appearance of POTTINGER, PARKER G
, on-
Dorm ..BRiEMER, and, the Blue Jackets at
Pekin, will flutter the celestials more
than the capture of twenty provincial towns like
Canton and Nankin. The expedition is rather
directed against the Government than the peo-
ple, who, proVided they remain quiet, are not
to sustain any other injury than what the
blockade may inflict. Wherever they manifest
a disposition to encourage commercial inter-
course with the English, orders have been given
to treat them with the greatest kindness.

The ex-High Commissioner LIN is restored to
the Imperial favour, and it is said to be by his
advice that the EMPEROR has proclaimed an
exterminating war against. England. He also it
wits that procured the inhuman butchery of the
unfortunate KESHEN. The EMPEROR'e adoption

of LIN'S counsels will yet ccst him his Crown ;
for the war once begun in earnest England
will stop short of nothing less than the de-
thronement of the reigning Sovereign. , We have
even heard it stated, in quarters likely to be well
informed, that the British Government has al-
ready contemplated the overthrow of the Tartar
dynasty in China.
From India the news is rather discouraging.
The Schah of Herat, KAMRAN, after vir-
tually expelling Major TODD from that city,
acknowledged himself the vassal of Persia.
Herat and Ghorian, which it has cost us
such immense subsidies to save from the grasp
of Persia, are now voluntarily delivered
up to her by a traitor, for whose defence
England spent in works alone thirty lacs of
rupees. It is possible that we may have to
expel KAMRAN, and occupy Herat and Gho-
rim' in -the name of the Schah
Colonel WYMER, of the Bengal army, sig-
nally defeated a great portion of the Aff-
ghan tribe of the Ghiljies, but from the
Bonibay correspondence, found in another co-
lumn, it would appear that the origin of the dis-
affection of this tribe is attributable to the rash-
ness of a British officer. From a report
generally credited in India, that Lord
AUCKLAND had demanded a reinforcement
from the Ruler of the Punjaub of .10,000
Siekhs in conformity with an article in
the late Treaty, it would seem that the occupa-
tion of Herat is really contemplated by the
Anglo-Indian Government. This would be
indeed a bold measure, and one which
would be likely to embroil us in a quar-
rel with Russia. Notwithstanding the return
of the British Ambassador to the Court
of Teheran, we regard a war with Persia as an
event by no means distant. Sir HARFORD
JONES BRYDGES, for several years Ambassador
at the Court of Teheran, calculates that be-
tween the years 1809 and 1838, Persia cost
England two millions and a half sterling, and yet
what but hatred have we gained by this immense
outlay ? Persia never has been, and never will
be, anything but the tool of Russia ; and, there-
fore, whatever language she may hold—the
enemy of England. Let us then not deceive
ourselves, nor at .any time be unprepared for the
worst that can happen.

We are not aware of the reason which the
Globe has, when it enters into a somewhat elabo-
rate criticism of our opinions, for refusing to name
The Sun. Such silence is hardly fair to other
journals, for it niay perchance happen that other
Radical colleagues of the Globe may get the dis-
credit of saying those unpleasant truths of the
MELBOURNE Ministry which are fbund only in
the columns of The Sun.

In our journal of Tuesday last, in speaking of
the Whig Ministry, we endeavoured to distin-
guish between their conduct as Ministers of the
Crown and as chiefs of a party, and while we de-
fended them, as we generally have defended their
conduct as Ministers of the Crown, we did not
and could not defend their conduct as chiefs of a
party, continually struggling for ascendancy
against another great party of the State. While
we cheerfully admitted that as Ministers of the
Crown they had deserved, in comparison with
oth4 ,Ministries, the public approbation, we
contOnded that as chiefs of a party they
had. failed in their duty to that party.
We said that "they wanted an efficient, ambitious,
and vigorous party chief. Lord MELBOURNE'S
sincerity and good nature unfitted him for the
office." The Globe says Lord MELBOURNE will
receive this censure as a compliment. We
meant it neither "as a censure nor as a compli-
ment, but the statement of a fact. Sincerity and
good-nature, says the Globe, are, after all,
not. so entirely at a discount as to have lost all
application. But (hey require in a statesman
to be under the guidance of discretion.
Lord MELBOUICSE was 'Perfectly sincere--that
is, he expressed the opinion which he honestly
entertained at the moment when he denounced
those who wished all protection to be removed
from agriculture as madmen ; but the mischief
which that unhappy, though sincere phrase, has
done to the party and the cause of which
Lord MELBOURNE was the leader, is in-
calculable. Lord MELBOURNE was perfectly
sincere, we have no doubt, when he praised
the purity of the Corn-law making Lords,
and emphatically disclaimed the opinions
of the anti-Corn-law press, and the Manchester
Conference ; but by so doing he gave an arm
into the hands of his opponents to wound his
own best supporters and friends. The Noble
Lord wanted, in these cases, and a hundred
others we might quote, discretion to guide his
sincerity ; and though he did the public ser-
vice no harm by his somewhat foolish outbreaks
of sincerity, he inflicted great injury on his party
Again, "Lord JOHN RUSSELL," says the Globe;
" has been unavoidably resolute, to say what he
thought on the great fundamental principles of
policy and of the Constitution." " Those who
have strong opinions," it is added, " will utter
them." And we question whether their
utterance can hurt the good cause in
the long run. Of course not the cause
to which the opinions are favourable; but
when Lord J. RUSSELL, being the leader of the
movement party in the House of Commons, ad-
vocates finality, he utters a strong opinion in
fa.vour of Toryism, and separates, by a word,
nearly half the great party from him, which he
ought to have bound together by all politic
means, if he -wished to preserve in his hands the
Government of the country. So, in respect to
Mr. WAKLEY, the instance we quoted before.
Lord J. RUSSELL felt, no doubt, very strongly, a
sentiment of contempt for Mr. WAKLEY, when
he spoke of him as a metropolitan demagogue;
but it is evident, from the last speech of the
Hon. Member for Finsbury, that he never for-
got nor forgave the sneer, and he retorted it,
with tenfold interest, on the Noble Lord, mak-
ing both the Noble Lord and his measures look
contemptible in the eyes of the Radicals, whom
Mr. WAKLEY can influence, and who were

numbered amongst the supporters of the
Whigs. It might be very magnanimous in I
Lord JOHN RUSSELL to despise the Hon. Mem-
ber for Finsbury, but to express that sentiment
was most injurious to, the party of which,
.Lord
JOHN RUSSELL Wits the head in the House of
Commons.
We are ready to repeat, therefore, calmly and
deliberately, our charge against the Whig Mi-
nisters, that as chiefs of a party they either mis-
understood or neglected their duty to that party.
The result is that the party has dwindled away,
and they are turned out. Never in the whole
course of his existence did Sir ROBERT PEEL
insult the meanest member of his party in the
way that Lord JOHN RUSSELL insulted Mr.
WAKLEY, and never did Sir ROBERT PEEL de-
nounce the opinions of his followers and sup-
porters, and praise those of his opponents, as did
Lord MELBOURNE. Snell conduct on their part
is not inconsistent with the most righteous and
wise administration of public affairs, but it. was
ruinous to the party of which they were at the
head.

The Globe thinks such sincere speaking will
not injure the good cause in the long run. We
know not what good cause it means. Is the Whig
cause not the good cause? It has'injured that
past immediate cure. We think progressive re-
form and the repeal of the Corn-laws the good
cause, and no person can doubt whether that
cause has been injured by the conduct and
language we have adverted to. If Lord MEL-
BOURNE and Lord JOHN RUSSELL were not sin-
cere, as the Globe implies, when they placed
themselves at the head of the movement
party—if they were always for finality, and no
further reform—we must affirm thattheir sincerity
in now and then uttering a strong opinion does
not equal their practical insincerity. They
placed themselves at the head of the movement
party, while in essential matters they were not
different from the Tories.

And now let us say a word to tho Globe itself.

We believe with that journal that sincerity is
not at a discount in this country, and therefore
we believe that its occasional mode of mocking
at all great interests, particularly at the
working classes for their political aspirations,
has not served the Whigs. It has made the
working classes say again and again, what dif-
ference is there between this brutal persiflage
and that of the Tory journals, and what better,
therefore, are the Whigs, who tolerate and en-
courage it, than the Tories? After the avowed
and determined neglect of party by the
Whigs, we know nothing that has injured them
with one class of the public more than the misdi-
rected wit of such journals as the Globe.

The advent of the Tories to office like, the ac-
cession of a new Sovereign, seems to fill nearly
all parties but their immediate opponents with
hope. Like every such change, its effects cannot
be known; at the same time great evils are suf-
fered, and therefore from it great good is ex-
pected. Even the grimmest of the grim Radi-
cals in the Houk of Commons,, such as Messrs.
WOOD, WAKLEY, and ROEBUCK, look smilingly
on the new and portly Premier, and promise him
in the name of their universal suffrage-seeking,
bread-tax-abolition-demanding constituents, a
fair trial. A fair trial, not at the Old Bailey,
but for the exercise of their skill in the public
streets of a band of pickpockets. While this de-
lusion lasts, though we believe it will be very
short, it seems to be in vain to say ought
against the Ministers. Daily do we incur re-
proaches for not joining somewhat in the
general joy, and expressing something like
adhesion to, and confidence in, the Tories. Some
Ministry, it is supposed, is indispensible ; the
Whigs deceived us, and therefore now let us
turn with hope and love to the Tories. We can-
not give in to that doctrine. We admit the ne-
cessity of a Ministry ; but we cannot for one mo-
ment be contented with a Tory Ministry, nor
give way to the delusion that it can confer be-
nefit on the country.
Before we can hope anything from such a Go-
vernment we must forget the conduct of the
Tory faction for more than half a century. We
must forget, too, how they have now obtained
power, and for what purposes they hold it. We
must forget that the men who compose it—
KNATCHBULL, BUCKINGHAM, GOULBURN, HAR-
DINGE, PEEL, STANLEY, GRAHAM—are one and
all the representatives, not of men, but of prin-
ciples, and they stand up before the community
the avowed advocates of hypocrisy, fraud, and
terror, as the means of governing mankind.
Because the Whigs have done wrongs have de-
ceived our hopes, have fatally convinced us that
we erred in trusting them so much, arc we at
once to worship the incarnation of all those
principles we condemn them for approaching?
If, indeed, the faults and offences of the Whigs
should have swept all respect for political
principles out of the public mind, as
if there were no right nor wrong but what is made
by Whig and Tories, their Administration will
turn out infinitely more calamitous for the coun-
try than could be supposed. But whatever may
be the feelings of gentlemen in Parliament we
are sure that such is not the case in the empire,
and whatever may be the momentary feeling a
sturdy love of honesty and rectitude, a sturdy
love of principle, and a steady conviction of its
invincibility, will make the people hope nothing
from the Tories, and use all just and reasonable
means to throw off a Government which is esta-
blished to maintain an odious monopoly.
It is impossible to look at the list of the Tory
Ministry, composed of BUCKINGHAM, KNATCU-
BULL, and the renegades STANLEY and GRAHAM,
without instinctively concluding that such a
Ministry is intended to work mischief. They
are elderly men, hardened in the way of Tory-
ism, or young men who have expressed extreme
Tory opinions. Messrs. ROEBUCK and WARD
may hope for living birds from addled. eggs,-for
a healthy offspring from a worn out and withered
nymph of the streets; but let them not hope to
obtain public benefits from a Tory Government,
founded on an avowed and. lawless desire to
plunder and oppress the people. We see no
reason whatever for giving such' a Government
a fair trial,. and we are astonished that the re-
presentatives of Sheffield and Bath can for one
moment think it possible that their constituents
will approve of their looking with the least de-
gree of favour on the Starvation Ministry.

The Gazette and the Court circular both an-
nounce officially the formation of the new Mi-
nistry, and our readers will find them in another
part of The Sun. Several of the chiefs yesterday
transacted business at their offices and fairly
launched the Tory ship. Whither she is to steer,
and what port she is destined to reach, cannot yet
be known. Her pilot has not told us his inten-
tions; but it is customary to judge of the probable
voyage of a vessel by her fittings and her crew.
We, therefore, have no manner of doubt as to
the buccaneering cruise for which the Tory ship
is prepared, but we apprehend her crew are likely
to quarrel amongst themselves, and that the trade
wind of public opinion will drive her out of her
intended course. In plain terms, the Ministry is
composed of anti-free-traders, and the demand
for free trade is so strong in the country, that Sir
ROBERT PEEL, however resolute he may be,
will palter in his career. Then the BUCKING..
Rams and KNATCHBULLS will forsake him, and
he must coalesce with the Whigs, or retire to
that private life which he will, we have no
doubt, so well become.

The article which we have copied from the
Times, relative to Lord CorrENnmn, is very Cre-
ditable to that journal, What is said of the
Noble and Learned Lord is not one word more
favourable than lit deserves. There never was
a Judge in the Court of Chancery who gave more
satisthction to all classes, or who more rigidly
and unostentatiously performed his duty. If the
Tories do not regret the change, the suitors most
probably will, and all reasonable men will find
in the displacement of so eminent a Judge, a
strong o,Aditional reason for separating the judi-
cial from the political functions of the LORD
CHANCELLOR.

It is a disgrace to our customs and institutions
that the first Judge of the land should be treated
as a political partizan, and changed with every
temporary victory of rival factious. Thus Lord
LYNDHURST, says the Times, has been thrice
placed on the Woolsack, which means only that
the faction of which he is a devoted par-
tizan has been thrice in office. Since he was
first placed on the Woolsack, fourteen years
have elapsed, and four times within that period
has the Chief Judge in Equity been changed on
the victory of one political party or the other.
At this moment there are three LORD CHAN-
CELLORS alive—two pensioned, and one on the
Woolsack. The system is extremely bad, and
the public, will now be made painfully aware of
it by the removal of so excellent a Judge as
Lord COTTENHAM, whatever may be the talents
and acquirements of the man who supplies his
place.

Lord COTTENHAM was never distinguished by
any outrageous political sentiments. His suc-
cessor was, in his younger days, more than a Whig,
and in his latter days is more than a Tory.
It is one of the unhappy auguries of this fatal
Administration that its first law officer, its great
Judge, is the declared and hated enemy of
eight millions of his fellow-subjects. We know
not whether Lord COTTENHAM will not in the
end be more regretted as a politician, even than
as a Judge.

The whole of the French Journals of Thurs-
day have reached us, but the principal intelli-
gence they bring was anticipated iu our Afternoon
Edition of yesterday. We subjoin extracts from
them

We have a letter from Toulon of 28th August, which
says :7 - -

" It is announced that several vessels are about to go
to Port Vendre, to take on board another regiment,
which is to be conveyed to Africa,
" The vessels which lately left this.port, with the &3d