The Sun.
London, England, 1847-11-03 00:00:00

.frlig SUN, LONDON,

lieved of its pernicious qualities, and rendered suit-
able for human respiration. That such was possible
has been at different times imagined by Messrs.
SHAW, and PRINGLE, and M'BRIDE, and GUYTON, and
DUPUYTREN, MORVEAU, and lIANNEMA.NN. In
1831 it was conjectured by M. SALOMON, who then
contrived and patented a disinfecting powder called
" noir animalist." In 1844 M. SIRET concocted a
species of disinfecting paste. About the same period
M. SCHATTEMANN, of Bouvilliers, proposed the em-
ployment of sulphate of iron for a similar purpose.
But, one after another, these supposed disinfectants
were proved to be wholly inefficacious. Baffled for
the time in their researches, the analytical chemists
of Europe were by no means discouraged. They
knew that the injurious effect produced by feculent
matter was attributable to the constant evaporation of
sulphuretted hydrogen and ammonia, and they
determined by neutralising that evaporation to pre-
vent the surrounding atmosphere from becoming con-
taminated. Their researches have been successful; a
complete and effectual disinfection is ensured by the
liquid compound employed in the experiments of M
EDMOND DAM at Brussels, by M. COUTARET at
Paris, and by Mr. CHARLES F. ELLERMAN at Liver-
pool. Those experiments have been principally ef-
fectual in the disinfection of the feculent matter con-
tained in the sewers. The cheapness of this inesti-
mable fluid, its instantaneous efficacy, and the con-
sequent purification of the air in the neighbour-
hood of all such localities as are at present
the nests of contagion, renders it most
advisable that the Sanitary Commissioners should
render its employment compulsory. By thus clearing
the atmosphere in the more densely-populated dis-
tricts pulmonary complaints would be diminished in
frequency, as would in like manner English cholera,
diarrhoea, dysentery, typhus fever, and the generality
of the zymotic class of diseases. This, be it re-
membered, would be an expedient for temporary
adoption, until such time as the Bill for sanitary '
amelioration could be introduced to the House of
Commons. It is one of those expedients which we
have already undertaken to enumerate, and which
the Government should at once adopt, because it is
essentially practicable and efficacious.

A letter from Berne of the 28th ult. says—
" In presence of the declaration of the Austrian
Ambassador, which excludes all direct intervention
of Austria in our affairs, and of the analogous decla-
ration which they had received from the Ambassador
of France in the conference of which I spoke to you
yesterday, the deputies of the Sonderbund have
comprehended that the moment had come to make
use of the secret powers with which they were pro-
vided, and yesterday afternoon they decided to send
to M. Ochsenbein two of their members, bearers of
propositions which they, without doubt, supposed
likely to arrest the preparatives, showing that the ma.
jority of the cantons are firmly resolved to decide the
present difficulties by force of arms. The following
is the text of these propositions :
" PROPOSITIONS OF THE STATES OF LUCERNE, URI,
SCHWYZ, UNTERWALD, ZUG, FRIDURG, AND VALAIS.
"For a whole week the Deputies are all in posses-
sion of the propositions presented by the state of Zug;
the federal representatives, whom the Governments of
the seven states have sent back to address their re-
spective delegates sitting in the Diet, have been three
days returned. When the proposition of Zug was
brought forward for discussion in the sitting of Oct. 21,
the deputies of the seven states declared themselves
disposed to) enter into negotiations on its bases, if they
met with the same dispositions on the other side; but
they waited in vain during the interval to see a de-
liberation entered on with a view to arrive at a pa-
cific solution. From the sentiment of duty imposed
on them not to neglect any course that can lead to a
pacific solution, they reproduce the proposition of the
Zug is the following terms :—' The high Diet gives
to the seven states which have formed amongst them-
selves a defensive association, the solemn assurance
that their political and confessional rights shall for the
future remain intact; in consequence, the affair of
the Jesuits shall be withdrawn from the subjects of
deliberation before the Diet; it recognises and en-
gages to maintain the rights guaranteed to religious
institutions by Art. XII. of the federal compact; it
promises to admit and respect the sovereignty and the
equality of the right of representation of the seven
states, according to the sense and the letter of the
federal compact of 1815. If a majority of the federal
states shall agree in giving these assurances, and shall
subscribe to these acts, the seven states named above
will at once and with joy dissolve the defensive
association which they have formed for the main-
tenance of their confessional and political rights.'
(here follow the signatures of the Deputies of the
seven states of the Sonderbund.)
" After having handed in this document to M. Och-
senbein, the two delegates of the League demanded
from the President to have the Diet assembled the
next day to discuss the propositions of which they
were the bearers. M. Ochsenbein replied to them
that he acceded to their application relative to the
meeting of the Diet, but that he considered it his
duty not to allow them to be ignorant that proposi-
tions founded to a certain extent on those of the
deputy of Zag had scarcely more chances of success
of being admitted. After this proceeding the depu-
ties of Bale-town, who, without any mission, play
the part of mediators, persuaded those of St. Gall
and Schaffhausen to take part in their attempts at re-
conciliation between the parties. An interview was,
in consequence, arranged between these gentlemen
and the representatives of the League ; it gave rise to
propositions professing to be new, which Bale-town
took under their patronage, their chance auxilaries
not caring much about sharing the responsibility of
the act, but as it was important to know whether
these propositions would have the sanction of
any majority whatever, before producing them
before the Diet, the deputies of the Son-
derbund wrote to the President to request
him to countermand the sitting of to-day. The
deputies of the majority, informed of all these pro-
ceedings, held a conference to ascertain to what point
they could enter on the overtures announced to them.
Nearly the whole of the members present insisted on
the necessity of adhering only to such arrangements
as might satisfy the populations, and as the proposi-
tions put forward by Bale-town are very far from
fulfilling this condition, since they scarcely go farther
than those of Zug, they have been declared inadmis-
sible. However, in order that the majority of the
states might not be accused of rejecting any means
which might tend to a pacific solution of the present
crisis, it delegated at noon M. Furrer, of Zurich ;
Munsinger, of Soleure ; Nofr, of St. Gall ; and
Kern, of Thurgau, to meet the delegates of the
League, who had manifested the intention of dis-
cussing in a conference with the twelve the proposi-
tions of Bale-town. This conference, at which the
majority of the Diet is to be represented by the four
delegates named above, will take place this evening,
but I am perfectly convinced that it will not be
attended with a more fortunate result than the motion
of Zug."

Military preparations are going on in all the
cantons, and General DUFOUR had published his
address on taking command of , the Federal army.
The Diet has issued a decree summoning to arms
50,000 men, and organizing them into six divisions.
The canton of Friburg will be the first attacked.

Letters from Rome of the 23d ultimo state that the
arrest of the Prince DE CANINO had been taken off on
the 22d. The journals of Rome state that GIOVANNI
ANDREA ROMEO, one of the Calabrian chiefs, had
surrendered himself, been tried and condemned to
death, but that his sentence was commuted.

A letter from Turin, of the 28th ult., says—
" The disturbance continued some days, but last
night order was restored; several persons have been
arrested here and at Moncalieri. It is to be hoped
that they will be set at liberty, for their offence only
consists in crying out 'Pius IX. for ever!' Italy
for ever !"The King has been indisposed, but is en-
tirely recovered; he is to set out for Genoa in the
beginning of November."

A letter from Turin of the 26th ultimo informs us
that the Sardinian Government has submitted to the
Council of State projects of law against riotous
assemblages of the people, for the establishment of a
Supreme Court of Cassation, for a revision and a
liberal construction of the tariff of Customs' duties,
and for a postal reform, including a delivery of letters
on Sundays.

The Prince DE JOINVILLE landed at Leghorn on
the 24th, and immediately proceeded to Florence.
Previous to his departure he sent off some pressing
dispatches to Naples.

Accounts from Athens state that General GRIvAs
is still at Janina, where he is treated with the utmost
attention by the Turkish authorities. HAFIZ PASHA
proposed to him to accept a high rank in the Turkish
army, which however GRIVAS refused. GRIVAS will
probably soon show himself again in Greece.

Madrid journals of the 27th ult. have arrived.
Senor SALAMANCA has addressed the following
letter to the Ileraldo, on the subject of the conver-
sion of the Royal
_Household bills into Three. per
Cents.:_
knolln t y
precedents in the way of interest, which are
o the whole country, my conduct As a Mini.