The Sun.
London, England, 1847-09-18 00:00:00

SEPTEMBER 18, 1847.
-•., •
No i. . 17,158.] LON DON, SAT RDAY v

UNITED KINGDOM LIFE ASSURANCE
COMPANY.

8. WATERLOO-PLACE, PALL-MALL, London ; 97, George.
street, Edinburgh; 12, St. Vincent-place, Glasgow; 4, College Green,
Dublin.

(Established by Act of rarliament hi 1834.)

In 1841, the Company added a bonus of 2 per cent. per annum on
the sum assured to all Policies of the Participating Class from the
time they were effected. Parties wishing to secure the benefit of
the next division of profits in 1848, should make immediate appli-
cation.

When the insurance is for life, only one-half the annual premium
need be paid for the first five years.

Every information will be afforded on application to the Resident
Director, E. Lennox Boyd, Esq., No. 8, Waterloo-place, Pall-mall,
London, where prospectuses, &c., may be had.

DISEASED AND HEALTHY LIVES ASSURED.

MEDICAL, INVALID, and GENERAL
OFFICE, 25, PALL-MALL, LONDON ; 22, NASSAU-
STREET, DUBLIN ; GROSSE GALLENGASSE, FRANKFORT
anti BORSEN FAS 4AOE. HAMBURG.
Subscribed Capital, 500,0001.
This office was established in 1841, and possesses tables formed on
a scientific basis for the assurance of diseased lives.

Policies of twelve months sta,,dkg are not aff,cted by suicide,
duelling, &c., and Assigned Policies are valid from the date thereof,
should death ensue from any of these causes.
Poi des issue! by this Society give the Person whose life is assured
permission to go at any time beyond the limits of Europe, on the
payment of eel ta!ii but small and fixed, rates of premium, which arc
Indorsed on the Policy at the time when first issued.

HEALTHY LIVES, both at Home and in Foreign Cl(tutees, are
Assured with as nnich facility- and at lower rates than at most other
offices; and a capital of Half-a-Million sterling fully subscribed
affords a complete guarantee for the fulfilment of the Company's
engagements.

Prospectuses and Forms of Proposal will be forwarded, postage
free, on application to any of the Society's Agents, or to FRANCIS
G. P. NELSON, Actuary, 25, Pall-mall, London.

PROVIDENT LIFE OFFICE,
50, REGENT STREET, LONDON,

_ Established 1506. - ,
INVESTED CAPITAL, 1,200,0001.
Annual Income 140,000/, Bonuses declared 529,0001.
Claims paid since the Establishment of the Office, 1,520,0001.
PRESIDENT.
The Right Honourable EARL GREY.
DIRECTORS.

The Earl of Macclesfield. Rev. James Sherman.
The Hon. Arthur Kinnaird. Henry B. Churchill, Esq.
Sir Richard 1). King, Bart. William Judd, Esq.
Alexander Henderson, M.D. James Sedgwick, Esq.
Capt. w .John Williams. Alfred Beaumont, Esq.
John Deering, Esq., M.P. George Deere, Esq.
William Henry Stone, Esq. Richard Sherwood, Esq.
1. The Rates of Premium are those adopted by the principal Life
Offices, the rate without bonus is lower than that of moot other
oflicei.

2. The Bonuses are added to the Policies, or applied to the reduc-
tion of the Premiums, or may be received in cash as soon as de-
:art.d, at their then present value.

3. Loans are granted upon the Policies issued by this office, or the
Policies are purchased at their full value.

4. If a party neglect to pay for the renewal of his Policy, he may
repair the omission any time within twelve months, upon proof 01
good health.
Bonuses paid upon Policies whi

Life insured.

John Wharton, Esq.. Skelton Castle
Sir John Saunders Sebright, Bart...
Sir William Wake, Bart.
Earl Strathmore -
Rev. 11. W. Champneys, Canterbury
The 'Marquis of Wellesley
Earl Cathcart

:1i have become Claims.

Sum insured.' Sum paid.

b,OOO
5,000
5,000
5,000
3,000
2,000
1,000

s. d.
7,706 6 0
7,652 13 3
7,500 5 9
7,128 15
4,509 1 1
3,411 1 3
1,862 4 11

Prospectuses and Hill particulars may be obtained upon applica-
tion to the agents of the office in all the principal towns of the United
Kingdom; mid at the head office, No. 50, Regent-street.
JOHN A. BEAUMONT, Managing Director.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE
ASSURANCE SOCIETY.
26, CORNIIILL, LONDON.
Capital £500,000. Empowered by Act of Parliament.
This Institution embraces important and substantial advantages
with respect to life assurances and deferred annuities. The assured
ts, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without expense or for-
,citure of the policy, two-thirds of the premiums paid (see Table);
also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion of his in-
t Tests to meet other conveniencies or necessity.
Assurances for terms of years on the lowest possible rates.
DIVISION OF PROFITS.
The increasing prosperity of the Society has enabled the Directors
at the annual meeting held on the 12th May, 1847, to declare a fifth
bonus, varying from 35 to 85 per cent. en the premiums paid ou each
policy effected on the profit scale.

Dedicated by permission to the Right Hon. Sir Robert Peel.
Now ready, in 2 vole., demy Bvo.,
H ISTORIC of the BANK of ENGLAND,
from 1694 to 1847.
By JOHN FRANCIS.
Willoughby and Co., Amen-corner, Paternoster-row; Effingham
Wilson, Royal Exchange.

On Tuesday next will he published, in Svo., price 10s. 6d. cloth,
THE THIRD VOLUME OF

BISHOP JEREMY TAYLOR'S ENTIRE
WORES. New Edition, revised and corrected, by the Rev
CHARLES PAGE EDEN, M.A., Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford.
Vol. 11. (the first in order of publication) contains the Lite of
Christ. Vol. 111. the Holy Living and Dying.
London Longman and Co. ; F. and J. Rivington ; Hatchard and
Son ; Hamilton and Co.; Simpkin and Co.; J. Capes and Son ; J.
Bain ; E. Hodgson ; 11. Washbourne ; H. G. Bohn ; Bickers and
Bush ; J. Van Worst ; C. Dolman. Oxford : J. it. Parker. Cam-
bridge : J. and J. J. Deighton ; Macmillan and Co. Liverpool : G.
and J. Robirson. Birmingham: 11. C. Langbridge.

NICOL L'S SHOOTING, FISHING, or
RACKET JACKET (Registered) Is equally well adapted for
a sea-side or country stroll as for field ur athletic sports. Its mode-
ra e price of One Guinea, and the easy sensation experienced by the
wearer, together with mach convenience of pockets, neatness of ap•
pearance, &c., will recommend it also for the merchant's counting-
house or student's library. Suitable waistcoats are also ready, which
correspond with the jacket in colonr, &e. These can be had of the
Patentee's recognised provincial agents, aid in Loudon only at 114,
Regent-street, and 22, Cornhill.

NO MORE MEDICINE OF ANY KIND.
HEALTH, SPIRITS, and COMPLEXION RESTORED.

The NATURAL REGENERATOR of the DIGESTIVE ORGANS
(the Stomach and Intestines), WITHOUT Glysters, Baths, Pills,
Purgatiyes, or Medicines of any kind, BY A SIMPLE, NATURAL,
AGREEABLE, AND INFALLIBLE MEANS, called

" THE REVALENTA ARABICA"
(a nutritive and eminently curative focula derived from an African
plant). The Revalenta Arabica is not a medicine, but a simple ali-
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than any other food, and. In its immediate effects upon the stomach
and intestines, eminently curative and strengthening, radically re •
moving and healing even the most inveterate affections of these
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these organs to perform their important functions freely, and to
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or weak digestive organs, such as indigestion (dyspepsia), dysentery.
costiveness, liver complaint, weak and extinguished appetite, fetid
breath, nervous headaches, hemorrhoidal affections, obstructions,
and irregularities in the menses, lencorrhsea (the whites), sleepless-
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body, languor of body and mind, hypochondria, gout, scrofulous and
strumous affections, asthma, dropsy, gravel. &e.
Nice and Paris, at the House du Barry and Ce. To be had at
their London depots : —Messrs. Decastro and Peach, 0 and G 6,
Pic-
cadilly; Messrs Abliis and Co., GO, Gracechurch-street ; and W. H
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; adding Is. per packet for packing-box, &c , if ordered to be
sent in the country or shipped. A Treatise on the Cure of the
above diseases through the Revalenta Arabica, entitled the " Na-
tural Regenerator," may be obtained at the above depots, price
One Shilling and Sixpence.

Illustrated by 26 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel.
ON PHYSICAL DISQUALICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPA-
CITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE.
New Edition, enlarged to 196 pages. Just published, price 2s. Gd., or
by post, direct from the Estahll-hment, 3s. 6d. in postage stamps,
THE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on
the infirmities and decay of the generative system, from ex-
cessive indulgence, infection, and the inordinate use of mercury,
with remarks on Marriage, and the means of obviating certain dis-
qualltleacons. Illustrated by 26 Coloured Engravings, By R. and
L. PERRY and CO., 19, Demers-street, Oxford-street, London.
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PART I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive
organs, and is illustrated by Six Coloured Engravings.
Paar 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessive indul-
gence, and their lamentable effects on the system, producing mental
and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative incapacity.
It is illustrated by Three Explanatory Engravings.
PAkr 111. Treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in
the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for
their treatinext. The consequences of early neglect and of the abase
of mercury, are also clearly pointed out. This section is illustrated
by Seventeen Coloured Engravings.

PAW'. IV. Treat: of Perry's Preventative Lotion, by the use of
which the dangers of infection are obviated. It combines with the
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PART V. Is devoted to the consideration of marriage, and Its
duties, The causes of unproductive union, are also considered, and
the whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into.
TIIECORDIAL BALM OF SYRIACUM is exclusively employed in treat-
ing nervous and sexual debility, impotence, &c., I Is. and 335. per
bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic
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certain remedy in gonorrhoea, sleet, strictures, and chronic inflamma-
tion of the bladd,r. Perry's Preventative Lotion, an application to
obviate the danger of infection, 33e. a bottle. Consultation fee, if
by letter, 11. 51. Packets with advice tube had at the Establishment
poly, by which the tee, 11., is saved. Attendance daily at 19, Iter-
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tint Sloven to One.

Ag g, I A G E.
One half the world are desolately single, and the other
stfloonunalserly,
aconndterrnotseeachiculi)altftle2ehnocpees, oerma.
sseunPreld:fgritchleamdemtearrmri'eirdte qtre
obfittcearutthicenlaatntear.woTrhmelysoplirtuadrye•nocnee. manady sthhieeldinhdlimsgsoeitilfbuien,der the plea
un-
comprosing hurry ; but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity,regret
andan d
sborcoikael ncohnetaelltiltt., aTr eh
et greathaeo,ry shohui nl
dd rnaontc
be se
tthoetloonmlyesnt
rrh
laapgpel nseests.
min theencomt . Hpoancotu; dit l
nu,,st
di cieg
nd
ientle
ttliiteh aatll
ihaenacl
et h. s 181 ollgulkd
tfeodrmh
oapueisteomr
neglect wound more sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, if
these surmises concern you, procure Dr. CULYERWELL'S little
MEMOIRS " On Single and Married Life, "
pub. in 2 vols., Is.
each (by post, in stamps, Is. 6d. each). Let no imaginatively
refined, or prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hindered
by mistnterpretatior of their supposed contents, from obtaining
them. They are not intended certainly for mere idle curiosity, but
for the closet perusal of those more deeply interested, to whom
they are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on
the above subjects, by wiqualifled authors, which alone or
together, are a disgrace to the age. Furthermore, two other
little publications claim your attention (same price Is. each,
by post Is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and
Avoid," and " How to be Happy." They are not merely
pamphlets, but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the
mere ephemeral scribblings of the hour, but the study of the author's
life, who owes his present existence, health, and position to this ob-
sereanee of the maxims he would inculcate—t) do unto others as he
would he done unto—tc live after nature's laws—and to keep always
on the "sunny side of the way." The above works may be had of
Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho, 147, Fleet •street ; Mann,
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mornings and 4V0111148), 10, Aseyll-place Ragout-greet Aug AU
Scoksellea.

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
LECTURES on CHARACTER, with Musical Illustrations,
by Mr. J. RUSSELL, accompanied by Dr. Wallis, on the Pianoforte,
every Evening, at Eight o'clock, except Saturday. Dr. Bachhoffner's
LECTURES on NATURAL PHILOSOPHY will comprise the sub •
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DIVING BELL and DIVER, with EXPERIMENTS, &c. &c.
Admission, Is.; Schools, Half-price.

THE REGISTRATIONS.

CITY OF LONDON.
(Before Mr. T. Y. APCHanns.)
FINES ON OVERSEERS.

The Act of Parliament, which directs that over-
seers shall deliver in their lists on the first day of the
bolding of the Court for the revision of the lists of
voters, enacts that in default of their so doing they
shall be subjected to a fine. Several overseers did
not comply with this enactment, and on their deli-
vering in their lists to-day, Mr M‘Christie fined
them 21. each, observing that gentlemen who under-
took the duties of overseers were bound to discharge
those duties in accordance with the law, otherwise
great inconvenience must ensue.

FREE-TRADE CONGRESS AT
BRUSSELS.

BRUSSELS, SEPT. 16.—The first sitting of the Con-
gres des Economistes was held this morning in the
hall of the Hotel de Ville, which has been placed at
the disposition of the society by the municipality. It
is a long and lofty chamber, with a dais at the upper
end. Here was placed the table of the President and
Vice-Presidents. On the level of the floor, at the side
of the hall, and to the right of the President, was the
tribune for the speakers, a simple semicircular pulpit,
decorated with a slight drapery of blue stuff. The
tables for the journalists were ranged along the side
of the hall under the windows. The wall behind the
President's table was decorated with the flags of the
different nations represented in the Congress. A
space was railed off at the lower end of the chamber
aid thrown open to the general public.
Soon after ten o'clock the members began to arrive,
and some time before the proceedings commenced the
hall was full, though not crowded.
The number present included the gentlemen whose
names were forwarded yesterday, with the addition
(from England) of Mr. Ewart, ALP.
At eleven o'clock M. Ch. de Brouckere (late Minis-
ter
of War and Finance), to whom the presidency has
been given, took his seat.
The PRESIDENT opened the proceedings by con-
gratulating the assembly on the completion of the
task they had undertaken, and the formation of the
Congress. They had met and were about to take an
initiative step, which did not require any justification
from him. They would allow him to thank them for
their attendance in the name cf the alliance of na-
tions and the fraternity of peoples. A revolution had
been accomplished in industry and science as well as
in politics ; progress in the arts of industry and dis-
coveries in the world of science had, in the present
age, given each other the hand and united their

poweis to alleviate the condition of the working
classes. To them it belonged to direct these two
forces, political and industrial, to that one object, in-
stead of leaving them to produce perhaps mutual
destruction. The progress of arts and the liberty of
commerce both tended to popularize doctrines which
had hitherto only been known to, and acknowledged
by, the few. They were now about to make a great
step in advance. This was not, indeed, the first time
that citizens of different countries had met together;
but hitherto in such assemblies the discussions had
turned only on theories of philosophy. They never
met to consider the material development of the re-
sources of nations. There had often been congresses
of crowned heads, but their conferences had been de-
voted only to the consideration of war, of battles, of
military power, and territorial aggrandisement. He
did not visit kings exclusively with the blame of
this; it must be ascribed to the ignorance of
the mass of mankind and the duplicity of
diplomatists. The present Congress was the first in-
stance of nations meeting on the principle of frater-
nity. In the course of action they were adopting,
they were putting in practice the divine precept of
the Gospel, " Love one another."— (Applause.) He
then referred to the different classes composing the
meeting; he saw before him statesmen, legislators,
capitalists, merchants ; he might take the assembling
together of such varied occupations as a proof that in
reality all their interests were the same. He pointed
out the state and condition of England, where the
principles of free trade had made such progress ; he
cited its wealth, its industry, and the comparatively
good condition of its working classes, as the objects
they should propose to themselves to attain. He
dwelt particularly on the necessity of paying the ut-
most attention to the condition of the working classes
—in their welfare every one was interested. He
alluded to the superiority of employment as the means
of improving that condition over any organization,
however vast, of the principle of charity ; the univer-
sal application of that principle would end at last in
conducting society into one vast almshouse. He re-
minded them that they were living in an age of tran-
sition ; the equality dreamed by the levellers of so-
ciety could not exist for a single day, but men had a
just claim to equality in the liberty both of their per-
sons and their industry.—(Applause.) He con-
cluded by again thanking the members of the Con-
gress for their attendance, and formally declared the
sitting opened.
The four Vice-Presidents—the Due d'llarcourt
(France), Colonel Thompson, M.P. (England), Count
Arrivabene (Belgian), and M. Hesser (Berlin)—then
took their seats.

The PRESIDENT announced that the secretary
would read the lists of the foreigners present, the
native members of the Congress, and the names of
those foreigners who had been invited but could not
attend.

The several lists were then read by the secretary,
M. Le Hardy de Beaulieu. This proceeding of form
occupied some time.
The Marquis RIDOLPIII, as deputy from the
Academy of Political Economy and Agriculture of
Florence, read a communication conveying the ap-
proval of that body of the object of the Congress.
The PRESIDENT then read the order of the day,
which opened the dipcussion on the first of the themes
submitted to the Congress—" The general principles
which form the basis of political economy, and of the
doctrines maintained by the advocates of free trade;"
and called on

.M.secretaryn d
addressed of the
th e
assembly Congress,
who VlCTORascended theiin
‘AtribEußn'e and
in a speech of considerable length, in which he re-
viewed the first principles of the science and its
objects, which were those instinctively desired by the
mass of mankind happiness, contentment, and
wealth. He gave a sketch of the progress of the
science, referring to the writings of Hume, Quesnay,
Gournay, &c. These were the men of theory who
Fiboured in the past, but in the present day the doc-
trines of political economy were adopted and were
being daily worked out by men of practice. The latter
fact he ranked among the chief causes of the rapid
progress this class of opinions had recently made. It
was their effort to bring into action the opinions based
on abstract right ; it was to their ideas and the for-
tunate inventions of science that society owed that
industrial progress which was the glory of the pre-
sent century. The questions involved in the doc-
trines of political economy were so various that
they could not all be solved, except by a
full application of those doctrines; and he dis-
cussed the evils that might be caused by an in-
complete one. Unrestrained competition had pro-
duced some unfortunate consequences, but they could
not be attributed to the principle of freedom, only to
the imperfect manner in which it had been carried
out; the sources of wealth had been agitated and
disturbed before the channels had been dug through
which the waters were to flow. The study which
these unfavourable phenomena necessitated had tended
to disseminate the principles of the science. Men
were led to inquire into the causes of evils which had
almost been regarded as inevitable. It was such an
inquiry in which they were engaged. It was to attempt
to resolve the important question that they had sum-
moned them to Brussels. He regretted that the
French journals had thought it their duty to remain
totally silent on the subject, and hoped the publicity
given to their present proceedings would produce a
favourable effect; and he confessed he had no
right to expect of the press of France that
attention which even the press of Belgium had
not given them. They had found in the press of
England and America that support which their own
had refused them ; but at last they had succeeded,
and the Congress had been brought together. He then
proceeded to that branch of political economy com-
prehended in the term " Freedom of Trade," treated
under several divisions, fiscal and social ; and com-
bated the arguments with which it is opposed, in
Belgium more particularly. The principal one is, an
apprehension that if England were admitted to com-
pete with this country, all its manufactures would be
absorbed and swallowed up. To these apprehensions
he opposed the material advantages of a free commerce
and its moral effects, the preservation of the peace of
the world, and the extension of the sentiment of
fraternity among mankind.
Professor WALowsm, of Paris, then addressed
the meeting. He commenced by regretting that
Germany should have sent to the Congress an oppo-
nent of the principle of free trade, and then pro-
ceeded in an animated speech to explain the advan-
tages who are perfectly ready
on the inconsistency of those t
rnimprovemen s in machinery,
of free trade, and dwelt with considerable effect
to accept the most mode
produce. The men who
those improvements mu
railways, which, by the
ae'vocated the extension ofbringing
all the world together,
Thet oppose themselves
must
to the consequences which
ait I of steam, were
of
protection, which, as
'cm ild not support the systemations separated. Having
much as possible,
several
by drawing a com-
parison English public, he concluded
and enfranchisement
rt between the enlargementpariso by the doe-
thich was effected
3f the human mind w arguments familiar to
passed in review theeept
what one was for
et he free principle in commerce
the other would be for
the moral existence of man,being.
—(Applause.)
his material and physical
(de
Berg) read a paper
14 T. ROTIIENILIUSEN
riri es of Christianity, andtheeffe;ct, in a lower sphere,
in• s upportstyle, and the dis-
s pea, ker was unimpressive protection. The'
se was coldly received.
Coll.r.
character of the policy of
of the doctrines
m
refers aces to the grasping contained frequent
lohtfe reproached us with
ikEnglacid ; among other things,

the Methuen treaty with Portugal, and accused Lord
Aberdeen with having used the language of menace
to the German Governments.

M. NATALIS BLANQUI, in an agreeable address,
marked with a light, lively humour, narrated some of
the consequences of the protective system, and stated
what it would produce if fully carried out. He drew
largely in illustration from the state of Spain. There
the protective system was in full perfection, and the
whole trade of the country was in the hands of the
smuggler !—(Applause.) The people were demora-
lized by it, for men were just what bad laws made
them; tel systeme, tels homnzes. It was ridiculous
to talk of national independence; every nation was,
and must he, dependent on others; without America,
England would be deprived of her 'immense cotton
trade. The primitive system of supplying everything
from within was impracticable; the orckr, keep
yourselves to yourselves, absurd. While de-
scribing by way of illustration some details of the
manufacture of shawls in France, he returned again
to the effect of protection in increasing contraband
trade and excited some amusement by saying that
the couriers of the foreign ambassadors were the
greatest smugglers in the world. The contrabandist
was the worm continually gnawing at the foot of the
tree of protection, and would destroy it without the
aid of congresses of economists or any one else.
Dr. BOWRING, having been named by the
President, ascended the tribune, and was received with
great applause. The Hon. and Learned Gentleman
addressed the assemby in French, Claiming the in-
dulgence of the Congress while addressing it in a
language foreign to him. He was glad of the oppor-
tunity of meeting some statements made by the de-
puty from Prussia with respect to the Metheun treaty
and to Lord Aberdeen. He had described the treaty
as advantageous to England and disadvantageous to
Portugal. It might have been advantageous to Eng-
land at the time, as it secured it many privileges ;
but that treaty had been destroyed and abolished, and
that by England itself and in its own. interest. The
destruction of that treaty was one Of the first move-
ments England had made in the direction of freedom
of commerce. The apologist of the system of pro-
tection had talked of Lord Aberdeen as using the
language of menace to the German Governments. He
had read the whole of that correspondence and had
never found any menace in it. He would
render that justice to Lord Aberdeen, though
he did not share his political opinions. He
wished that foreign Governments would follow the
good example England had set them. Everywhere
England sought reciprocity, and in the great changes she
had lately made she had asked nothing in return from
foreign countries. He instanced the opening of the
Chinese ports under the Pottinger treaty as another
instance of the moderation of England, who, in that
case, only demanded for herself what was accorded to
all the world.—(Applause.) He did not think pro-
tection had succeeded in Germany ; he was sure it
had not succeeded in England. In England they had
many branches of industry. Protection had never
saved a weak manufacture; certainly never did
anything for a strong one.—(Applause.) The in-
dustry of England was dependent on foreign produce.
Their soil was not very favourable to production ;
their climate was not one of the most beautiful. For
cotton they depended on the United States; their
silk trade was dependent on France, Italy, China,
and the East Indies. He admitted that England was
dependent on every nation but he must assert, also,
that England had rendered great services to those
other nations in return.—(Applause.) The effect of
free trade was not only material; it had a moral
consequence. The time had arrived when nations,
like individuals, should seek their own happiness
in the happiness of others.—(Applause.) What
was called the spirit of nationality would be lost in a
large philanthropy, embracing the, whole world.—
(Applause.) As an Englishman, he was glad to be
able to say that they bad done something in the good
cause, but they were not yet satisfied ; they had set
their hands to the work, but much remained to be
done. On returning to England he hoped, with his
Hon. Colleagues, to be able to tell the English people
and the English Parliament that the Belgians took
great interest in the question of commercial liberty,
and engaged themselves solemnly to give it every
possible development. In England the question was
beginning to be comprehended. He could not
tell what would be the position of parties in England ;
he could not say which party would have the prepon.;
derance, but in a late appeal to the people they had
replied, " Do all to advance the cause of free com-
merce ; that is your mission, and the Minister who
will do the most for it shall have our best support."—
(Applause). The Hon. and Learned Gentleman
concluded with a reference to the English League,
and urged them to follow the example it held out
to them.

M. DUCHATEAU (de Valenciennes), secretary of a
committee for the protection of native industry, fol-
lowed in a protectionist address, in which he im-
pugned Dr. Bowriog's reading of history when he
praised the moderation of England.
Mr. EWART, M.P., M. CAMPAN, and Colonel
Tiromrsos, M.P., were the next speakers. Colonel
Thompson spoke but a few minutes ; he was most
warmly received ; in leed, the greatest respect is ex-
hibited for the English legislators who hare attended
the Congress.
The PRESIDENT then closed the sitting, and the
Congress rose.
The visiting members dine together every evening
at a table d'hote, the arrangements of which are con-
ducted by the committee. A grand concert and
banquet are to be among the festivities of the
meeting.

PORTLAND HARBOUR OF
REFUGE.
(From the Sherborne Journal.)
The inhabitants of Weymouth and Portland, feel-
ing that a debt of gratitude is owing to Mr. John
Harvey, for his and his father's untiring exertions,
both by personal application and writing, in bringing
before successive Governments and the public the
necessity of a breakwater at Portland (now happily
commenced), have now resolved on entering into a
subscription to present him with a suitable testimo-
nial. The late Mr. John Harvey was, in 1803, by
the special command of his Majesty George the Third,
appointed postmaster of Weymouth, and the present
Mr. John Harvey succeeded his father in the same
situation in the year 1817. Subscriptions will, we
understand, be received by the Weymouth Banks,
and it is hoped that the country generally will unite
with the inhabitants of Weymouth and Portland in
promoting this laudable object. Capt. Joseph Slade
has kindly undertaken to act as secretary. Among
the subscriptions which head the list are the Worship-
ful the Mayor of Weymouth (J. A. Devendish, Esq.)
and W. Eliot, Esq., for 11. each.—[We are happy to
hear that the hint lately given in our journal is being
acted on.—En. S. J.]

HARVEST-HOME.—This good old custom is not yet
extinct in this country; in proof of which we have to in-
stance the festivities at East Hampstead Park, in Berk-
shire, the seat of the Marquis of Downshire. In a
letter we have received from that neighbourhood the
writer says:—" We had rare doings here this day (Fri-
day)—the- harvest home. The Marquis of Downshire
had a fat bullock killed for the occasion, which was
roasted in joints; plenty of plum-puddings, and home-
brewed in abundance. About 300 farming men, work-
men, women, ac., employed by his Lordship, sat down
to the dinner. After the feast the village band attended
for country dances; and cricket, and all sorts of rustic
diversion concluded the festivities of the occasion."
THE YANKEE PEDLAR.—" See here, Mister, don't
you want tew buy somethink in my line tew-day? I've
got a new machine for picking bones out of fishes. Now
I tell yew it's a little the darndest thing yew ever did
see. All yew have to dew is to set on a table, and
turn a crank, and the fish flies rite down your throat,
and the bones rite off the other way. Well, there was a
country greenhorn got hold of it the other day, and he
got turnin' the crank the wrong way, and I tell you the
way the bones flew down that 'ere feller's throat couldn't
be beat. Why, it stuck that feller so full of bones, that
he couldn't get his shirt off for a fall week.—New York
Globe.

PRICE OF BREAD.—A meeting was held at Evesham
on Wednesday, to consider the price of bread and otherarticles of consumption, and the desirableness of provi-
sions generally being supplied by weight. It was con-
vened by the mayor (J. B. Haynes, Esq.), whpp!esided,
in compliance with a numerously signed Requisition pre-
sented to him for that purpose. The parties. who took
an active part in getting up the requisition being absent,
some time was passed in desultory conversation on the
Act of Parliament bearing on the subject of bread, , and
at last Mr. R. Whitford moved—" That bread, whichis
the chief article of food of the masses of the population,
should bo offered for sale by weight, so as to prevent the
possibility of fraud to the consumer." This was carried
unanimously ; and a second resolution, pledging the
meeting to buy only of those bakers who sell by weight,
was also adopted. Resolutions were afterwards agreed
to that all other articles of food ought to be sold by
weight, and in favour of the erection of a public weigh-
ing machine.— Worcester Chronicle.
[ADVERTISEMENT.]—THE EARL OF ALDBOROIIOII
IND HOLLOWAY'S l'tLLs.—An astounding cure by this miraculous
medicine, after every other means had failed. See extract from his
Lordship's letter, dated " Villa Messina, Leghorn, Feb. 21, 1845.
Professor Holloway—Sir : I beg to acquaint you that your pills have
effected a cure of a disorder in my liver and stomach all the most
eminent of the faculty, at home and all over the continent, had not
been able to effect; nay, not ever the waters of Carisbad or Ma
rienbad. (Signed) " ALDBOROCGII." These wondertUl pills wil.
cure any disease of the liver or stomach.—Sold (also Holloway's
Ointment) at Professor Holloway's Establishment, 244, Strand, and
by all nieclicliw %go' thaugllcut world.

[PRI7JB SD.

THE QUEEN'S VISIT _TO THE

HIGHLANDS.
(From the Court Circular.)
ARDVERISIE, SEPT. 15.—Yesterday Her Majesty
and his Royal Highness, accompanied by the Prince
of Wales and the Princess Royal, walked into ,the
Forest in the morning.
In the afternoon the Prince, attended by the Mar-
quis of Abercorn and some of the gentlemen of the
household, went to the hills ptarmigan shooting.
The Ladies Harriet and Beatrice Hamilton arrived
on a visit to her Majesty.

(From the North British Mail.)
LOCH LAGGAN, TUESDAY NIGHT.
Yesterday morning, Prince Albert went out to the
cover-shooting in the woods adjacent to the Lodge,
attended by a great number of beaters. The sport
was excellent—the best, I believe, the Prince has
enjoyed sinca his arrival at Ardverikie. his Royal
Highness killed three roe-bucks and twelve brace of

birds, and returned to the Lodge at two o'clock to
lunch.

In the afternoon, the Queen, Prince Albert, and the
royal children, drove out to Cluny Castle on a visit to
Ciuny Macpherson. The Royal Family rode in a
phaeton, drawn by four beautiful grey Arabian
ponies, and were accompanied by the Duke and
Duchess of Norfolk, and General \Vemyss, and at-
tended by two out-riders.
The weather had become much milder about mid-

day, and the afternoon, though rather cold, was calm
and clear. Cluny Castle is distant about 12 miles
from the Lodge. The road passes through the centre
of the parish, and besides giving a gold view of the
scenery of the district, is invested with numerous
objects of natural and historical interest. After leav-
ing the head of the loch it winds for two miles
along the edge of the Paatock, sometimes enclosed
in natural groves of birch, sometimes emerg-
ing into rich grassy holmes, and at others

rnounting over precipices, with the smooth stream
purling at their base, or leaping down a flight of
rocky steps in successive falls—all combining to form
one of those scenes of quiet rural beauty which in
Scotland so frequently steal upon the traveller when
least expected. The Paatock is a good trouting
stream. It rises in the depths of Ben Aulder forest,
and, after flowing six miles northward, change., its
course by a rapid bend, and runs westward into
Loch Laggan, whence it is carried by the
Spean and the Lochy to the Western Ocean.
It is a curious fact, and ono which illustrates

.he elevated position of the parish of Laggan,
;hat another stream, which rises within a mile and a
half of the source of the Paatock, pursues quite an
opposite course—passing.through Loch Ericht, Loch
Rannoch, and the Tay, to the Eastern Ocean. And,
in like manner, proceeding along the road to Cluny
Castle, you find, a little way beyond the spot where
the Paatock begins to run towards Loch Laggan,
that the streams pass eastward through the Vale of
Spey to the Moray Firth. It seems that the main-
land rises to its greatest elevation among the wilds of
Laggan, and that the rain which falls from the clouds
upon these dizzy heights descends in all directions
upon the lower countries with which they are sur-
rounded on every side.
Issuing from the glen through which the Paatock
runs, the road passes through Strathmashie, and
then stretches along the more open country which is
watered by the Spey. Strathmashie was formerly
divided into small farms, but is now occupied by a
gentleman of the Macphersons, who devotes it
partly to arable and partly to pastoral purposes,
but chiefly the latter. It is separated from
Glensherra by a series of grey rocky mounts ;
and on the almost inaccessible summit of one of
these the remains of an ancient fortification are still
to be seen. A wall three yards in thickness, and
built with large flags or broad stones, without mortar,
runs round the edge of the summit, enclosing an area
which is said to measure 500 feet in length, and 250
feet in breadth. It was probably employed as a place
of protection for the cattle, and probably also the
women and children, in times of foreign invasion
or domestic war ; and, as it looks directly down
over the extensive plains of the Spey, a fire
lighted on it must have been a most effectual
signal of alarm to the inhabitants of that rich
and comparatively populous territory. Behind
this range of rocks, in the mouth of Glensherra,
stands the Roman Catholic chapel—a very plain but
neat erection, to which apartments are attached for the
residence of the priest. It is impossible to conceive
a more chaste yet wild and gloomy solitude than that
which has been chosen as the site of this place of
worship. The Spey issues from Glensherra in the
form of a tiny stream, and passes down as
far es the eye can stretch over a level
country, studded with clumps of trees, and varie-
gated with the multifarious tints of harvest.
Country mansions, farm-houses, huts and bothies, rear
their many-coloured walls in populous profusion. One
perceives at a glance that the great majority of the
1,200 inhabitants of Laggan are domiciled in this
plain. Corryarrick and the Monadlia mountains
bound the valley on the north, while the dark blue
hills of the Grampians enclose it on the south. Here
it was where Sir John Cope made his well-known
and much-ridiculed movement, by which he suddenly
diverged to Inverness, and left the south country
open to the march of the Pretender, who lay en-
camped with his forces on the north side of Cor-
ryarrick. The cowardice of his troops, and the
disadvantageous character of the ground, render the
course pursued by Cope the wisest that could have been
devised. The army, which was afterwards so easily
routed at Prestonpans, would have cut a very sorry
figure, and fared a great deal worse, in this secluded
valley of the Spey, where they would have found no
means of refuge or escape. It is impossible to have
the mind thus cast back on the stormy period of the
Rebellion, without reflecting on the altered circum-
stances of the present times. A hundred years have
only elapsed, and the representative of the house of
Brunswick passes through these scenes of former
strife unattended by armed men or any other guard,
save the love which burns for her in Highland hearts,
on a friendly visit to the descendants of a chief who
was the bosom -friend of the Pretender, and the sworn
enemy of her line !
The road crosses the Spey by a handsome wooden
bridge, at the end of which, on the north side of the
river, stands the parish church—a plain building sur-
rounded with burying-ground, and enclosed with a
row of fine trees. It was built a few years ago on
the same site as its two predecessors, both of which
must have been very short-lived, as an octogenarian
residing in the neighbourhood informed us that
he had witnessed the erection of them both.
Masonry must be very defective in a country
where the human body is so greatly more dura-
ble than temples of stone and lime. Previous to
the occupation of the present site, public worship
was conducted in an old barn situated a considerable
way farther up the river ; and it was in this rude
building that Divine service was first celebrated in
the parish according to the Presbyterian form. The
old parish remained in the hands of the Roman
Catholics and the Episcopalians to a very late period.
The oldest Presbyterian minister of whom I could get
any account was a Mr. Macintyre ; and a story is told
of him which is creditable alike to his diligence and his
wit. The manse and the place of worship were situated
on opposite sides of the river; and as there was no bridge
in those days, the minister was obliged to ford the
Spey before he could reach the old barn. On one
occasion a heavy flood bad rendered the ford impas-
sable, but the people had assembled, and waited
anxiously to see what the minister would
an do. On
m
reaching the bank of the river, the good for
all all difficulties by calling out, loud enough
all to hear him, " I canna gang owre to you mysel',
but rse try to sen' the preachin' owre." The people
accordingly gathered on one side
on oftho other, thoereirv,erp proceeded
to minister taking up his position
to deliver to them his weekly message over the bosom
of the swollen stream.
A neat monument in the churchyard points out
the grave of the Rev. James Grant, the husband of
the late Mrs. Grant, favourably known to the public
by her "Letters from the Mountains," and other
literary works on the scenery and manners of the
Highlands. Inscriptions on marble detail the leading
circumstances in the lives of this amiable couple.
Mr. Grant died in December, 1801 ; and his widow,
after a long and heroic struggle in behalf of her
family, died at Edinburgh in 1838.
About two miles below the church you reach
Cluny Castle—a massive and substantial residence,
built of the granite of the neighbouring hills. Cluny
and his lady had only received notice of her Majesty's
intention to honour them with a visit about an hour
before the arrival of the royal cortege. Little time
was allowed therefore for any formal preparations, but
by the time her Majesty had reached the gateway, 30
men in Highland garb, with a a piper at their head,
were drawn up in front of the Castle. Cluny himself
in his usual costume of kilt and philabeg, and Mrs.
Macpherson, were also in waiting for the arrival of
their Royal visitors. The Duke of Norfolk handed
the Queen from the phaeton, and her Majesty, the
Prince, and the rest of the royal party were ushered
into the castle. About a quarter of an hour was
spent in inspecting the various antiquities which have
remained in the custody of the Macphersons since
the Rebellions, after which the royal party went out
into the grounds, and visited the garden and other
• places of iuterest 4n the vicinity. Claq Castle is sure