The Sun.
London, England, 1847-07-15 00:00:00

was brown, and the draught black. I concluded that
both were ordinary aperients; and proceeded to examine
the patient for myself. I found the pulse at the wrist
feeble and irregular; the heart's action was feeble and
irregular. The tongue was loaded, but not parched.
She seemed to be in an extremely depressed state. I
tiought the pupils were somewhat contracted. I
examined into the state of the secretions, and learned
that the urine was high coloured and scanty; and that
on that morning the discharge from the bowels had been
very abundant. I asked if I could see the discharge
from the bowels, and was told I could not. I asked if it
was thin and watery, or if it had some consistence; I
was told that it had some consistence, and was "bad" in
appearance and sme'L I thought that this discharge was
owing to the operation of the medicine. There was a
natural moisture on the skin—perhaps a little more than
the natural moisture. What particularly struck me was
the extreme depression and the contracted pupils. These
symptoms indicated, or rather I should say led me to
dread pressure on the brain, such as is seen in the
course of continued fever. I learned that the disease
had set in some days before with head •ache and shiver.
ing. This circumstance, and the state in which I found
her, led me to infer that she had been for four or five
days, or longer, affected with continued fever of a
typhoid character— that is, a low nervous fever which (if
the patient lives) runs through a definite course. I inti-
mated this opinion to tho relatives. Nervous fever of
this kind is a very serious disease. In reference to the
abdominal pain, which was severe I said "Let us hope
that it is only the medicine." I did not convey, or wish
to convey, the idea that the disease arose from improper
medicine. I had a dread that it might be a severe form
of abdominal inflammation, well known to medical men
as a dangerous complication of continued fever. In
prescribing, my object was to support the powers of life.
and to allay the vomiting and purging. I prescribed a
mixture to be taken in two doses. (The prescriptions,
as written at the time, were produced in court at Dr.
C.'s request.) The following is the composition of this
mixture. Of the Edinburgh solution of the hydrochlo-
rate of morphia twelve drops, tincture of orange-peel
one drachm (a tea-spoon-full), and of camphor mixture
two ounces. The morphia in this mixture may be esti-
mated as equal to half a grain of opium. I gave so
small a quantity of opium on account of the cerebral
symptoms. I thought the camphor would be useful
as a diffusible stimulant. I thought it would tend to sup •
port life. Along with this mixture I sent another one
ounce and a half of the creosote mixture of the Edin-
burgh Pharmacopia. Of this I directed the half to be
taken, one hour after t}'e last dose of the other mixture.
Creosote is of use in allaying vomiting. The opium was
intended to check the discharges, and arrest inflamma-
tory action, by keeping the intestines in a state of re-
pose. I left the house, saying that I would return in a
few hours, but if required, would be found at home. I
went home. I then went down to my dispensary, when
I was told that Mr. Dallet'a servant had—
The CORONER here stopped witness, saying that what
one person told another person was not evidence ; it
could not be listened to.
Witness continued—My second visit to deceased was
between twelve and one. The pulse was improved ; the
vomiting was going on ; it had changed its character. I
saw a chamber pot about half full, of what at first ap-
peared to me from the darkness of the room to be urine

of a whitish colour. I said to Miss Maria, "I am glad to
.;ee she has made so much water ;" and was answered,
" She has made no water ; all that has been passed from
the bowels." On carefully examining the abdomen with
the band, I found that the pain on pressure had mate-
rially increased since my first visit, and the vomiting and
purging, though diminished, still continued, in spite of
the remedies. At this visit I directed one part of the
creasote mixture to be taken ; none of it had been taken,
but both doses of the other mixture had been taken. I
was still careful of how I used opium, which, but for the
cerebral symptoms, would have been freely resorted to.
I was anxious also not to mask the disease. In all the
circumstances, I considered that the safest course was to
order a stimulating liniment containing same opium, in
the form of laudanum, to be applied to the seat of pain.
I calculated th it part of this opium would be absorbed.
The composition of this liniment was as follows : Spirit
of turpentine, 5 drachms ; liniment of the sesquicarbonate
of ammonia, of London Pharmacopoeia (the mild harts
horn liniment), 5 drachms ; and of laudanum, 2 drachms.
A drachm is 60 drops, or in other words, about a tea-
spoonful. I directed part of this liniment to be applied
to the abdomen by means of a piece of flannel, and I di-
rected that above the flannel, hot water fomentations
were to be kept up for two hours. I prescribed three
pills to be taken, one every hour, after the liniment had
been used for two hours, in the event of the pain,
purging, or vomiting remaining. When the liniment
was on, and before the pills were commenced, I directed
the creasote mixture to be given, should vomiting recur.
I said that wine was to be given if she became
suddenly faint. I said that I would call again. I did
call about eight in the evening. I found a very great
apparent improvement in all the symptoms; the pulse
i❑ particular was much better, being less rapid, as well
as stronger and firmer. I was told that there had been
no recent purging, and almost none at all since my pre
vious visit. The vomiting had not returned, in conse-
quence of which the residue of the creasote mixture had
not been given. All the pills had been taken as I pre-
scribed. The last was taken a little after six, I was told.

The liniment and fornentations had been employed as I
directed. All my instructions had been fully carried out.
I stated to the family that I was happy to leave her so
much better. Deceased asked if she might have more of
the little pills. I said no; they are not required. As
the pain was not entirely removed, I said that part of the
liniment, with the fermentations, might again be used. I
said that I did not see scope for any other medicine than
effervescing draughts, should the thirst be urgent; and
wine, if required, for faintness. I was told that she had
sat up in bed and taken tea with relish, and also a little
toast. I thought more favourably of her case than I had

done formerly"; but I was still in great anxiety about
her. I said so to my assistant. Thinking it not impro-
bable that I might be called to her during the night, I
mentioned her state to Mrs. Cormack, who was not well,
. . _ .

and might have been alarmed had I been called away to
a distance during the night. Mr. I)allett's house is near
to mine. I did not anticipate such a change as took
place. I was called between four and five in the morning,
just at the conclusion of the thunder-storm. I went

without delay. I found the deceased in a state of great
prostration, apparently listless, and drowsy. The pulse
was hardly perceptible at the wrist: the hands were
cold ; the extremities of the fingers were blue ; and the
lips were livid. I administered about a tablespoonful of
brandy, and three or four glasses of wine. I asked it
she had been alarmed by the thunder; and was told that
she did not seem to have heard it. I examined the

pupils; they were much contracted. I endeavoured to
converse with her, and was enabled in some degree to do

so after she had wine. I at first thought that she was
in a state of collapse, which would terminate in death.
The good effect of the wine suggested hope. I asked
how much of the liniment had been used, and was shown
the bottle, which might contain one or two teaspoonfuls
out of the twelve. Knowing the extreme sensibility of
the Dallett family to medicine of every description,
it occurred to me, as just possible, that the
stupor and collapse might have arisen from
absorption of the opium of the liniment. I had
never heard of so small a quantity of laudanum, when
so applied, producing such an effect. I thought it my
duty, under all the circumstances, to hazard the impu-
tation of having used improper and dangerous medicine
as the only thing which gave the deceased a chance of
life, was to take this view of the case, and act on it. I
used every exertion to rouse her, by sinapisms, hot
water and mustard to the feet, 84c. I now treated the
symptoms exactly as I would have treated narcotism
from opium. I only conjectured that it might be nar-
cotism from opium. I explained my treatment to the

family, as the exertions to rouse the deceased might
otherwise have appeared extraordinary. No imp' ove-
ment showed itselt. I desired my assistant, who was in
attendance with me, to call in Dr. Wane and Mr. Shilito.
When Dr. Wane came, I entrusted the case to him for
a few minutes, as I was exhausted, and I went to Mr.
Shilito's house. He kindly came back with me imme-
diately to Mr. Dallett's. Both gentlemen then cb-
operated with me in pursuing the same. line of treat-
ment, until death took place. Just before
Dr. Wane
arrived, I gave twenty grains of sulphate of zinc ; it did
not act, and he suggested a repetition of the dose,
and tickling the fauces. We used the emetics with
reference to the symptoms ; and not with reference to
my prescriptions. We all co-operated in using the same
treatment, till deceased expired between eight and nine
A.M. On Wednesday morning, about twenty-three
hours from the time at which I was first called in.
Everything which I did was done with the view of sav-
ing the patient's life. The object of my treatment was
to prevent death. The treatment was adopted according
to the best of my judgment.
Cross-examined by a Juror—l would, in similar cir-
cumstances, adopt similar treatment. I do not regret
my treatment. I think my treatment throughout was
Judicious. Opium is the main remedy on
inflammatory whichmedical
men rely in certain forms of abdominalo
disease. There is a great toleranceopum in such
cases. I consider my dose of morphia an extremely
minute dose. I also consider the quantity of opium in
the threet pillsak
only
samt it' the three
h
grain, pills verysoth
enbecon testimatedcontained
halfas
a
half a grain of opium, the deceased t
00l only had one grain
o of
internally from me. She had
laudanum applied externally. I thyinktwo
myteaspexhiontuls
exhibition of
opium, by me, in this case, very cautious.
By the .
CORONER—What was the cause of death ?
That question cannot be. answered till we have had
as
anatomical inspection of the dead body.
The CORONER ordered Mr. Wane and Shilito to make
an inspection, inviting other medical men to be present
if they thought proper, and adjourned the inquest to
Wednesday, the 14th inst., at ten A.M.

saw confirms the correctness of my opinion as to the
nature of the disease. (Witness, with permission of the
Court, read the following extract from Dr. Watson's
work on the Practice of Medicine):—"Now the altera-
tions I have been describing—the thickening, redness,
tumefaction, and ulceration or sloughing of the glands
of Peyer, and also of the solitary—are so common in
fever, particularly in some epidemics, that many patho-
logists are of opinion that fever is essentially inflamma-
tion of these glands and nothing else. But lam sure
this is an error." I agree with Dr. Watson in thinking
this an error, but the fact that the opinion is entertained
shows how common is the symptom.
Emma Peto, servant of Mr. Dallett—l went to Dr.
Cormack's dispensary to fetch medicine, and received
two bottles from his assistant, which I gave hi the same
state as I received them to Miss Maria Dallett. I sub-
sequently received another bottle, and afterwards three
pills, which I saw the assistant make up. The label
on the pills was one to be taken every night, but
as he told me one was to be taken every hour. I re-
turned to him with the pills, and he changed the label
according to his verbal directions.
Henry Hicks, dispensing assistant to Dr. Cormack—

I was in practice prior to the Act of 1815 as a surgeon,
(Witness then produced the prescriptions, which were in
Dr. Cormack'a handwriting, and puitively declared that
he had dispensed everything with the greatest accuracy.)
I am fifty-four years of age, and nearly thirty-five year
practising.
Daniel Wane, M.D.—I reside at Putney. On Wed-
nesday, the 7th instant, was called in to Mr. Dallett's a
little before seven o'clock in the morning. I found Miss
Dallett (the deceased) sitting on a chair in a state of
stupor. Dr. Cormack told me that she was probably la-
bouring under narcotism; that the quantity of medicine
that had been administered was very small to produce
such an effect. I co-operated with him in his
treatment on his representations and suggested an
ad litional emetic of tw,taty grains of sulphate of zinc,
having been informed that a similar one had been
crevicedy administered. Neither of these emetics
took effect. From what I was told, I conceived the
treatment to be the best that could be adopted. The
symptoms were such as might have arisen from an ad-
ministration of opium. There was a large syncopisni,
a mustard application to the ablotnen, and every means
was adopted to rouse her. Strong coffee was given to
her ; she was loudly spoken to, and moved about the
room. Every other means was adopted to rouse her.
Dr. Cormack stated that very little opium had been ad-
ministered internally, and that the symptoms had prin-
cipally been occasioned, as he supposed, by the external
application. After the death, Dr. Cormack spoke of
cholera. I have conducted the post num tem examination
in the presence of Mr. Shillito, Dr. Cormack, Dr. Wil-
lis, Dr. Shillitto, Mr. Bushell, Mr. Thompson, and Mr.
Farmer, and the nurse.
The witness here handed in the post molten: examina-
tion, signed by the different medical gentlemen who at,
ended, as follows:
POST MORTEM EXAMINATION MADE JULY LOTH.

There was nothing remarkable in the external ap-
pearance.
HEAD.—The vessels of dura mater turgid, with free
effusion of blood when cut. Very great congestion of
the vessels of the pia- meter, and very slight sub arach-
noid effusion. Consistence of the brain tolerably firm.
Less than usual quantity of fluid in the lateral ventricles,
and this effusion was bloody. Choroid plexus and suf.
face of ventricles congested. The base of the brain was
next examined. General congestion of the ♦essels. The
encephalon was carefully examined in every part, and
presented no further appearance of disease.
CllesT.—On opening the left cavity of the chest about
two ounces of bloody serum was found ; none in right
cavity. General adhesion of the pleura pulmonalis and
pleura costalis of right side, of old standing. Cadaveric
congestion of posterior part of both lungs. Very little
serum in pericardium, which appeared healthy.
ABDOMEN.—General distention of the intestines with
,as. The small intestines in various parts were of a
bright and blotched appearance, which appearance pre-
sented itself in a more marked degree when the intes-
tines wet e raised ; adhesions were observed, produced by
being recently effused, coagulable lymph. The intestine
in one part was coated with coagulable lymph. A small
quantity of turbid bloody fluid was found in the lower
part of the abdominal cavity. The redness of the small
intestines was more remarkable towards the lower por-
tions. On slitting open the small intestines, a very
marked congested red state was found, the result or evi-
dence of inflammation. The glands of Brunner and of
Beyer were remarked of unusual distinctness and size.
This unnatural state increased as the great intestine was
approached, so that the mucous membrane of the small
intestine at this point appeared thickened for ten or
twelve inches. The same portion of the small intestine
was the seat of several distinct ulcerations. The mucous
membrane of the ilco-ccecal valve was much thickened
and redened. The muoous membrane of the large intes-
tines was congested ; the peritoneal coat of the intestines
was natural. The stomach was externally of a redish
colour ; internally of the same hue. This colour de-
pended upon congestion of the vessels, and staining of the
mucous membrane.

From the appearance above described I am of opinion
that the cause of death ar,se from peritonitis and in-
flammation and ulceration of the mucous membrane of
the bowels and congestion of the brain; these were most
probably occasioned by fever.—(The Coroner here read
the evidence of Dr. Cormack, in reference to the whole

case.) Under the condition of peritonitis and inflam-
mation of the bowels, the use of opium is most judi-
cious. It is a general mode of treatment in such a case.
There was certainly not more than a proper quantity of
opium used. lain satisfied, from the facts of the case, that
the death was not, in any manner, occasioned by the
opium. Ido not conceive that the liniment produced
the stupor. I think the treatment was judicious, and
such as a skilful person, with an adequate knowledge of
his profession, would adopt. It was not a rash treat-
ment ; it was a cautious exhibition of opium. In
his statement, Dr. Cormack said he believed it to be a
case of fever, and the appearances have corroborated that
opinion. I think the opiate treatment undoubtedly
judicious in that stato of abdominal affection. I think
the congestion of the brain was an associated condition
with the abdominal inflammation. I should not have
looked for inflammation of the brain more than conges-
tion. I have no doubt that the depression was not pro-
duced by the opium, but by the disease. lam perfectly
satisfied that the death was natural, and occasioned by
the causes I have before mentioned.

Charles Shillito, jun.—l am a surgeon, residing at
Putney.—l joined in the post-mortem examination, and
from all the circumstances, I am of opinion that the
cause of death was peritonitis and inflammation of the
mucous membrane of the bowels. I think the conges-
tion of the brain was not occasioned by the opium; the
quantity of opium in every way would not have caused
death. lam satisfied that it was wholly a natural death,
and I think the views of Dr. Cormack as to its being
occasioned by " fever," are correct. I agree with Dr.
Wane in his opinions. And I think " that the treatment
was judicious, skilful, end cautious, and such as a gentle.
man, with an adequate knowledge of his profession, would
have adopted."
(At this stage of the proceedings several of the jury
expressed themselves perfectly satisfied ; but, at Dr.
Cormack's request, Dr. Willis, of Barnes, was also exa-
mined.)
Robert Willis, 11. D.—1 attended the post mortem
examination, and fully agree with Dr. Wane and Mr.
Shillito as to the cause of the death. In my opinion the
opium was most judiciously and discreetly used. I
think that when Dr. Cormack said the use of opium
afforded the only chances she had of recavery, under
the opinion that the stupor might have been produced
by the affects, I think the " rousing" was judicious, and
I am convinced that it had no iniurious effect on the
young lady. I think that Dr. Commack was not only
authorised but required to use these means, and that he
would have done wrong if he had not done so. I nye seen
a recent ease,wi thin the last mon th,whpre a partydio d under
nearly similar sympt ,ms, who had no opium ex.hibited.
knowledge
TT hhscautious,ce looaßsnoeoddrN
Esth uhßi
sce hpbe
briefly
isedf ap,
synsmci
charged
nd
and
cwa
ol
I think that the treatment was judicious, and
e
umldan havewi tandoapnteadequate
nd
the jury, stating that
there were two questions for their consideration—first,
whether the deceased died from natural causes, or
whether her death was in any manner occasioned by the
treatment adopted; and of the latter, secondly, whether
Dr. Cormack's treatment was such as a medical gentle-
man, acting with due caution and without culpable rash-
ness, would have adopted.
The jury, after a brief consultation, unanimously
found—

" That the deceased died a natural death from peri-
tonitis ; and we are of opinion that the treatment of
Dr. Cormack was skilful, judicious, and proper, and such
as a medical gentleman with an adequate knowledge of
his profession would have adopted."
The case excited the deepest interest in tho neigh-
bourhood, particularly amongst medical ger,tlem.m,
many of of whom attended during the progress: of the
inquiry.

A report having been circulated that Messrs.
Smith, Payne, and Smiths were amongst this parties
likely to contract for the proposed loan of 1,000,0001,, to
be raised by the Spanish Government by an issue of
Treasury bonds, it is important to mention without
delay that the statement is wholly erroneous. Mr. J. A.
Smith, who is doubtless the party intended to ha ve been
alluded to. has no connexion with the banking-house,
and it is, moreover, extremely doubtful even if he, with
the consent of the firm to which ho belongs, will ulti-
mately commit himself to the speculation. The position
of Spanish credit is at this moment such as to damage
all who may have any voluntary dealings with the
Government of that country, and the reputation of
Smith, Payne, and Co. for solidity and prudence should
at once have prevented the possibility of thei r names
being confounded with such a proceeding.—Tin tes.
ADELPIII THEATItE.—The one-act burl( .tta just
produced at this theatre, called Out on the :Sly, deals
matterthatofhaasglaoningesobnieeenhu familiarn d 4 tosc
at
ph audiences—thatienag-
twriicthalstag
from his wife, upon a fictitious plea, to play incontinent
pranks elsewhere, and meeting with her when least ex-
pected and when most inconvenient. The present illus
tration of a dilemma of this kind is, however, no less
amusing than those which have gone before, and the
audience sanction its repetition every night with great
apparent good humour. Mr. Selby, a ready hand in
constructing farces of this character, is the author, and
upon him also devolves the task of playing the hero.
He is well seconded by Mr. Munyard, Mr. Worrell Mr.
Redmond Ryan, Mi,s Ellen Chaplin, and Mrs. Frank
Matthews.
Dispatches from the Governor of Canaria, and from
the Governors of the other North American Provinces,
were received yesterday at the Colonial Office. Dis-
patches were also received from the Governor of South
Australia.

A correspondent states that the earnings of three.
poflywhat
betweenare Lteornmdeodalbe
rlcighQ d ti
halfpenny steam steam boats, Which
Adel Phi, Rump
100 per day each.

THE SUN: LONDON, THURSDAY_NORNING, JULY 15, 1847.

ROTHERFIELD.—Tht hops in this locality are consi-
dered still to be in a very precarious state. 11-iny
,zardens are decidedly in a worse condition since our last
report.
EYE.—Notwithstanding some of the plantations pre-
sent a rather unfavourable appearance in this district, in
consequence of the honey-dew and vermin, in other
grounds the plant appears to be in a very thriving condi-
tion, throwing out branches and giving indications of a
productive crop.
TUNBRIDGE.—The bine is strong; there is evidently
an improvement since our last account, the weather
during the last few days having been very favourable,
and the young shoots looking very healthy.
UCKFIELD.—The hops in this parish, on many of the
low grounds, are still in a very precarious state. Should
we have a continuance of this fine warm weather, we
may yet get through the blight at some places, and grow
a good many hops. The duty is called 155,0001., and
some few in favour.—Sussex Advertiser.

CORPORATION DUES ON CORN,

MALT, tic.

The following ar2 the more material and interesting
passages of the petition presented to the house of Corn
mons, and ordered on Saturday to be printed with the
Votes (on motion of Mr. Hume). It is entitled " The
humble petition of the undersigned brewers and others
oi and near the metropolis," humbly showeth, That a
Bill is now pending• '.l your Honourable House to pro
vide for the Conser fj,on of the River Thames, &e.

That by the said Bill it is proposed that all the powers
and authorities, rights, and privileges, which are now
vested in, or may be exercised by, her Majesty, in right
of the Crown, and by the Mayor and Commonalty of
the city of London, by prescription, usage, charter, or
Act of Parliament, or otherwise, with regard or relation
to the conservancy and the preservation and regulation
of the:River Thames, should be vested,in the conservators
thereby to be appointed, &c.
That the Corporation of the city of London claim to
have the power and authority, right and privilege, of
levying, and continuing to levy, certain dues on the
corn, malt, potatoes, fruit, salt, coals, and other articles
of consumption brought into the River Thames, either
from parts of this country or from foreign countries.
That your petitioners, being brewers in and near the
metropolis, arc much interested in the charges and dues
imposed by the Corporation of London upon the malt
and corn brought into the Thames for their use.
That the brewers of London consume annually about
seven hundred thousand quarters of malt, nearly one-
half of which is brought into the Thames.
That the dues imposed on such malt are unequally and
inequitably levied, and the system adopted is extremely
inconvenient and harassing, and tends to the injury of
your petitioners and others, and of the corn growers of
the counties of Suffolk and Norfolk in particular.
Ist. Because corn coming into London by water from
those counties is charged with a higher rate of duty than
corn coming from the neighbouring counties of Kent,
Essex, and Hertfordshire.

2d. Because corn coming from Hertfordshire by way
of the River Lea is totally exempt from the Corporation
dues.

3d. Because foreign grain, being for the most part
delivered in the docks, is chargeable with a compara-
tively insignificant duty.
4th. Because flour, a manufactured article, whether
foreign or British, pays no dues, and is under no incon-
venient restraints ; while malt, another manufactured
article, is subjected to very heavy dues, and unnecessary
and harassing restraints.
sth. Because the various dues and charges levied by
the Corporation on malt coming into the Thames are
unnecessarily heavy, and enhance the price of such malt
above that which can be brought to London by railway
or otherwise than the River Thames.
6th. Because, under the present system of levying the
dues, all malt brought into the River Thames in sacks is
turned out of the sacks to be meted, and is then put into
the sacks again, during which process it suffers a con-
siderable loss by injury and otherwise, and much ex-
pense and loss of time is also necessarily incurred.
That before any Act is passed relating to the conser-
vation of the Thames, or the fees and dues received by
the Corporation of London, inquiry should be made into
the operation of the present system, and a plan based
upon equitable and convenient principles adopted instead
thereof, by which the injury and inconvenience which
your petitioners complain of would be removed, and a
great benefit conferred on the mercantile interests
generally.
Your petitioners therefore humbly pray your Honour-
able House that a Committee of your Honourable House
may be appointed, to inquire into the subject of the fees
and dues levied by the Corporation of London on all
corn, malt, and other articles of consumption brought
into the River Thames either from parts of this country
or from foreign countries, with a view to the adoption of
a scheme based on more equitable and convenient prin-
ciples than the present ; and that in the mean time the
progress of the above•mentioned Bill now before your
Honourable House may be stayed, or that your peti-
tioners may be heard by themselves, their counsel,
solicitors, agents, and witnesses, at the bar of your Hon.
House, in support of the allegations herein contained.
Signed by—
BAROLAY, PERKINS, and Co.
Titumart, HANBURY, BUXTON, and CO.
CHAItRINGTON, HEAD, and Co.
GODING and Co.
HENRY MEUX and Co.
WHITBREAD and CO.
HOARE and Co.

ROYAL HUMANE SOCIETY.—On Tuesday the half-
yearly general meeting of the supporters of this institu-
tion was held at the office, Trafalgar-square, B. Hawes,
Esq., sen., in the chair. From the reports of the com-
mittee presented by Mr. Charlier, it appeared that the
number of cases adjudicated upon since the December
meeting was forty. nine, comprising seventy-two persons,
of whom six were beyond recovery, and seven were
attempted suicides. The number of cases in Hyde Park
alone was thirteen, of which twelve were successfully
treated, four being attempted suicides. The medals for
courage and intrepidity in saving human life were next
awarded. Lieutenant Woolridge, of her Majesty's ship
Spy, was presented with a silver medal for saving the
life of a seaman at Sheerness. Mr. Ralph Bates had a
similar reward for saving a boy from drowning in a
river in Derbyshire. Lieutenant Hire, of her Majesty's
ship Hecht, also had a silver medal for rescuing a man
in danger of drowning. Captain Archibald Cameron,
who distinguished himself so nobly at the loss of
the
Sirius steamer. was honoured with a similar tokenoef
gratitude. Captain Bernardino Camf, who rescued the
passengers of the Tweed, had a silver medal, and his
crew each a bronze medal. Tne last on the list was
Police Brown, of Clenmel, who gained a silvers
medal. A Tote of thanks to the ohairoatuouchided the
prOCegain6s.

HOP INTELLIGENCE. r
BATTLE.—The hop bins-are becoming innumerably -
thick with insects, even to the extremity of the branches, t. es heei 1",
which may be seen in the most fertile brooks, as well as Oa Tuet.-der a court of Alt--e_ii r:
transaction of public to siness.
. the uplands. The distinction given between the brook - SMITHFIELD MARKET.
and upland is, that some growers have no choice of hod- I A petition was presented from some of the principal land on their farms, they therefore plant more elevated
spots, which are not so congenial to their growth—those ,
' salesmen and butchers in Smithfield-market, complaining
of the interruption of the business of he markt ton lion
pieces generally are the most sickly. The diseases in
plants originate in a different way from what some days by carts, waggons, &c., and praying that an timer
be issued by the court to prevent any future int. rruption
farmers and horticulturists represent. Insects are not within the market hours.
the cause, but the effect; the cause is atmospherical, and After some conversation upon the subject, it was una-
at certain temperatures a fermentative and putrefactive nimously agreed to that the thoroughfare thr,,ugit the
effluvia is disengaged, which spontaneously produces market be closed to carts, waggons, &c., from four in
minute objects existing in the animal kingdom, and their the morning till twelve in the day on market days, and
ravages, when combined with the bad habitude of the that due notice of such arrangement be given by adver-
plant, hastens its destruction. Some have asserted that the •
tisements in the newspapers, as well as by a placard in
disease is the potato was caused by insects, but probably, Smithfield.
ere long more novel notions may be entertained. The
OVERCROWDING OF STEAM- VESSELS.
hops at present have a very green colour, though they The master, wardens, and other officers of the Water-
are so much infested, and if the succulent property of man's Company having appeared to be sworn before the
the plant does not get too much exhausted by atmo- court.
spheric changes, then, in: well manured and cultivated Alderman COPELAND said he hoped the gentlemen at
plantations the animal kingdom wilt not have sufficient the bar would do all in their power
to prevent the steam-
power to predominate over the vegetable. vessels from admitting more passengers than could be
Beewasm—We think the hops have slightly im- safely conveyed to and from London. He regretted to
proved during the past week, particularly those in the be obliged to acknowledge that, notwithstanding th-
" uplands." There is less vermin among there, and not passing of the bye-laws expressly for the regulation of
quite so much honey. The lateral shoot, though net steam-vessels, the appearance of no regulation at all was
vigorous, is of good colour. much more apparent than ever.
BECKLEY.—The hops in this parish, in some gardens. The LORD MAYOR said he had just noticed the cireum-
are not so good as last week ; they are more infested stance in a few observations which he had made at the
1 with fly, lice, and honey, and are turning black. In Mansion-house, rather as an appeal to the public, and
other gardens they keep in a growing and thriving con- for their protection through their own co-operation,
dition. than for any other purpose. lie had been given to un-
BREDE.—The hops in this and the neighbouring derstand that the steam-vessels, casting aside all appre-
parishes are a little improved since last week, and are in hensions as to the effect of the operation of the bye-laws,
a growing state, excepting the first year's poling, which admitted passengers until they stood up completely
are quite at a stand. The lice are still following the wedged together.
young shoots, and the niggers eating them up. There Alderman HUMPHERY said, the overcrowding was not
still remains honey-dew in most of the grounds. it all to be w mdered at when the magistrates themselves
BRIOHTLING.—The hops in this parish have improved were personally instrumental to that very fact. He had
generally since this day week, and certainly are clearer seen some of the gentlemen who considered that the
from vermin and boney.dew. Dallington parish is in an steamers were in so much danger of goir, to the bottom,
improving state this week. actually forcing their way on board.—(Laughter.) So
EASTHOTHLY.—The accounts of the hops in this dis- mnch for the consistency of those who inveighed against
trict are various and contradictory ; while some planters alleged nuisances. He was very desirous of preventing
affirm that the bine is in a most flourishing state, and danger or inconvenience in adapting rules to the public
prom see fair to produce an abundant crop, without any accommodation, but the gentlemen to whom Alderman
appearance of vermin, others assert that their planta- Copeland addressed himself possessed no authority-
Lions are covered with vermin, with honey-dew dropping capable of being exercised as regarded steam-vessels.
rota the leaves, which are curling up and turning black. They were part of a body appointed before any steam-
and unless an alteration takes place soon, a blight must vessels were thought of, and nothing had taken place
inevitably be the consequence. Another fortnight will since the application of steam to navigation to give them
.et the matter at rest which parties are correct in their env additional power. As for the bye-laws they were
conjecture. ineffective altogether.
GARDNER. STREET....-The hops in this neighbourhood The RECORDER said, that steam-vessels were certainly
have made but little progress this last week, but are responsible in penalties for receiving more passengers on
considered to be improving, though very slowly. board than they were licensed to ears- v.
HORSMONDEN.—A decided improvement has taken Alderman COPELAND said, the bye-laws had been made
place in many of our plantations during the week, the by the company, confirmed by the court of Aldermen,
vermin being nearly all dead. The bines have assumed and sanctioned by the judges. There was nothing else
a much healthier hue, and, aided by the hot days and to be done but to carry them into execution, and it was,
genial nights, are in a very growing state. We have he considered the duty of the Waterman and Lighter-
still some grounds that are very foul, and from which men's Company to take measures for giving full effect to
we are not likely (unless a change soon takes place) to .hem. He was sure that they had cost the court of Al-
;et anything approaching a crop. dermen trouble enough.
MAYFIELD.—The hops are in a considerably worse Alderman WILSON was surprised at the difficulty
condition than last week, the vermin being more name- which was complained of. The court had tak, n the
rous, and the leaves fast falling off. Without a favour- greatest pains to establish a system of regulations cal-
able change the crop in this locality must fall very short. culated to benefit the steam navigation of the Thames.
NEWICR.—Our hops are now in a very precarious they had heard all parties on all sides of the ques- i
state ; the gardens that were promising last week have lion, and had agreed to bye-laws which had received
much gone off; we have much vermin and honey dew, the necessary judicial sanction. All then that was
and unless a decided change take place, we can expect required was, that these bye-laws should be carried
but a very slight crop. into effect.
NINFrELD.—We have, with the exception of one The LORD MAYOR—The steamers can afford to pay
plantation, a considerable increase in vermin, and more the penalties of overloading.
honey-dew than last week. There was a heavy fog on Alderman Heatrunnv supposed, if it were in the power
Saturday night, and the next day was very sultry; it is of the court of Aldermen to inflict a penalty of 403. for
the opinion here that we shall not grow a very large overloading, it would be in their power to inflict 10s. for
crop. the same offence.
NoRTHIAM.—We are still in a growing and thriving The RECORDER said there seemed to be some misun-
state, but owing to the immense quantity of vermin with derstanding upon the important bye-law particularly
which the greater portion of our grounds are infested, alluded to. By that bye-law a penalty of 40s. was in-
there remains much doubt as to the probability of a fair flitted for every passenger above the regulated number.
crop.

COURT OF ALDERMEN.

.. f-.
~~ ~~

Alderman WilsoN thought the master and warth ns of

the company were bound to employ persons to see that
the bye laws were effectually carried out.
The Clerk to the Waterman's Company stated to the
court, that every one of the convictions for violations of
the bye-laws had been appealed against successfully. All
of them had been quashed.
The conversation ended, after some of the Aldermen
stated that the quashing of the convictions ought not
to prevent further experiments upon the efficacy of the
bye-laws.

SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SIR—I wish through the medium of your widely-cir-
culated journal to inform your numerous readers of the
great demand that has recently sprung up in this colony
tor gold, which commands a premium of from three to
five per cent., therefore, persons emigrating to. or trans-
mitting funds to South Australia, should bring or send
out sovereigns, there being no other channel of remitting
cash to this colony that will be found near so advanta-
geous. Added to which, money may be placed out by
way of mortgage on first-rate securities, equal in
every respeet to freehold land in Middlesex, at fifteen to
twenty per cent. per annum interest; and second-rate
securities, such as freehold and leasehold houses, twenty
to thirty-five per cent. per annum interes-; bat on third-
rate, or inferior securities, money cannot be obtained ;
and as no loan societies, money lenders, or pawnbrokers
exist in Adelaide, the dreadful loss sustained by persons
requiring temporary pecuniary assistance in times of
emergency exceeds all belief ; for when money has to
be raised in such cases on goods, plate, watches, guns, or
any articles of value, they must be sent to the auction
rooms, and sacrificed at whatever they will sell for,
which is often done at the almost incredible loss of 200
to 1,000 per cent. on the prime cost, for no buyers here,
will part with their cash unless they have the prospect of
realising immense profits. I have known a buyer at one
of these public auctions purchase nails at one farthing
per pound weight, and afterwards sell them in his shop
at the rate of one shilling per pound.
Such are the truly disastrous consequences r!-
ing to parties who are obliged to raise funds in
their extremity; and I think these facts alone speak
volumes of the great absence of money in this colony ;
and I know of no quarter of the globe where capital can
be employed more beneficially.
Copper coin is also very limited, and in great request;
and an importation of 4,0001. to 5,0001. sterling, con-
isting of pennies and halfpennies would prove a great
boon to the colonists, and remunerate the importer
equal to his most sanguine expectations. But silver coin
is in abundance, there being a sufficiency in circulation
in the colony.
I have no doubt, with the combined influence of ca-
pital, suitable labour, and shipping, that South Australia
will be eventually one of the most valuable colonies of
the British Crown.

The introduction of money is the first step to-
wards her advancement, then suitable labour, by which
I mean labouring persons adapted to the wants of the
colony—such as miners from Cornwall, and some agri-
cultural labourers from Suffolk, Norfolk, and Essex.
And to show the scarcity of farm servants, it need only
be stated, that bullock drivers employed in driving the
bullocks and drays loaded with ore from the mines to
Port Adelaide, are receiving one pound sterling per
week wages, and their victuals. As to good working
miners from Cornwall, they may be sent in any numbers,
for such are the vast mineral riches of the colony, that
❑o bounds can be set to the employment required in this
department. And, although her agricultural and pastoral
prospects are extremely good, they will never require
such an influx of labour as is now in demand for working
the numerous mines ; as, owing to the paucity of labour,
several of the copper mines are only partially worked,
and some not worked at all. _ _

her ➢iajesty's Land and Emigration Commis-
sioners can make no mistake in sending out as emigrants
working miners from Cornwall to any extent, as the
wants of the colony in this respect are of the most
pressing description ; for the working miner of South
Australia is, at this time, actually getting paid for his
labour five times the amount paid to the working miner
of Cornwall.

And before I quit the subject of suitable labour
required in South Australia, I would not omit stating
the great lack of female servants in the colony ; and if
two thousand to three thousand young females of the
working classes, from fifteen to twenty-five years of age,
were sent out here they would obtain situations imme-
diately, for such is the demand for cooks, nursery-
maids, laundry-maids, dairy-maids, and other domestics
they
women servants, that they can get almost any g
ask, and many of the settlers cannot obtain servants of
this description on any terms, as the scarcity of
female
servants r
tiovfaonutnsdaat this
of
h
present
colony.
time is without a parallel since
the
is shipping, there i
ore, wool,
other requirement
the mineral
In conjunction with caital and suiteaxblsetilnagboaurg,rtehaet
of the colony, as the
corn, gum, bark, and other.
want of vessels to take
the
fora ships are not to be obtaiaed
weight of their burdens,
narev‘,itwh•hoel-
awparoyduce
merchants' warehouses rehobrdeoakwinelgl
heredow
for freights.
blacksmiths, carpenters, bricklayers, tanners,
These descriptions of persons readily ob-
tainwrTi4hhetsj,ourney
and malsters. men trades
double what they
agents, engravers, Spitaltields' weavers,
7s. to 10s. per
wdoauyldfogrettheiinr work,Engla
twldh.ichßi:t nearly
double
they will get little or no employment,
better, stop at home.
aaa
nnr artists, s
had
osa,rdk clerks,uct
much
e
I am afraid, Sir, I have already extended my letter
much too long for insertion in the columns of your
valuable newspaper ; but I trust you will pardon me
when I state the only motive I have in sending you this
communication is to enlighten the British public as to
the immense capabilities of this very surprising colony,
and to acquaint them with the foregoing facts and in-
formation, in order that some of your intelligent and
wealthy subscribers may turn it to their advantage.
I am, Sir, your obedient servant, G. a
Adelaide, South Australia, Feb. 5, 1847.

FATAL ACCIDUNT AT BLACKFRIARS.—On 11Ion-
day evening, about half-past eight o'clock, a melancholy
and fatal occurrence took place to a youth, apparently
about fifteen years of age, off Albion Wharf, Black-
friars. It appears that he was amusing himself with
several others by bathing, and while in the act of swim-
ming through the second arch on the Surrey side, the
current carried him too far out. lie became alarmed,
and before assistance could he rendered the tide drifted
i him under some coal barges moored off Falcon Wharf,
1 Backside, where he disappeared. An alarm was raised,
and intormatim was given to a party of the Thames
Police, who were near, and having rowed to the spot
they immediately threw the drags in, and used every
possible means to secure the body, but unfortunately
without avail. At a later period of the evening the
body had net been found.