The Sun.
London, England, 1841-07-22 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON. THURSDAY, JULY 22, 1841.

TROUBLES AT TOULOUSE.

PARIS, TUESDAY, JULY 20.—A telegraphic despatch,
dated Toulouse, half-past eight, A.)!., Monday, annotinceF
that M. Maurice Duval, Extraordinary Commissioner of
the Government, arrived at seven, P.M., Sunday. M.
Bocher gave up his authority to M. Duval. Sunday and
Monday all was quiet. A telegraphic despatch, dated
Monday afternoon, announces that, at the requisi-
tion of the Government Advocate-General, the Royal
Court of Toulouse had just taken up the affair of the
troubles. Lieutenant-General Halliera left Paris on
Monday for Toulouse, to take the command of
the troops. M. Bocher, concludes the Moniteur, on his
arrival at Toulouse, published a proclamation calling
upon the inhabitants to respect order and military laws.
The Moniteur Parisien adds to the above details, that the
order and directions sent to Lyons by Lieut.-General de
St. Michel were accompanied by a letter, in which Mar-
shal Soult reminded him of his duties in noble and ener-
getic terms.
The Debats published a long letter from M. Mahul,
the sub-Prefect, giving explanations of the late events at
Toulouse, and as to the authorisation he had given to the
demand f the National Guards ; and, secondly, as to his
. forced refuge which was the consequence of that measure.
In respect to the first, M. Mahul, that in presence of a
formidable emeute, around and entrenched, he could not
legally and safely refuse the demand of the Municipal
Administration, to the making this proclamation to
prevent sanguinary results. The Procureur-General,
M. Plougoulm, gave his opinion in writing for this Con-
vocation. Secondly, his retreat on the 13th was in con-
sequence of the attitude of the National Guards, who,
having deserted the field with the troops of the line,
prevented him from acting efficaciously against the
rioters. The National Guards, moreover, declare that
they went out under his authority, but would only pro-
tect his person by favouring. his retreat. M. Mahul fur-
ther uges that he wrote twice to General St. Michel,
demanding reinforcements. That instead of sending
them, Camp Marshal Rambaud came to him on the
part of the General, to declare that although the
troops were well disposed, they were so mixed up with
the National Guards in the various posts, that it would
be impossible to act with any chance of success against
the people. M. Mahul then demanded an escort to go
to the barracks, or to the arsenal, there to hold out,
but General Rambaud replied, that for the same reasons
the operation was impracticable, and that it was as diffi-
cult to defend the barracks or the arsenal as the Prefec-
ture. M. Mahul says, that as there wore only 150 men
at their posts, he entertained no doubt that the General's
representations were accurate. The General added, that
the sole object of the emeute was directed against him
(M. Mahul), and begged him to depart, as all would
then be appeased. M. Mahul, seeing himself de-
prived of all force, and reduced to complete impo-
tency, consented to quit, and escaped by the small
door of the garden of the Prefecture in a vehicle,
accompanied by General Rambaud, the Mayor ad in-
terim, and two officers of the National Guards. M.
Mahul adds that these persons risked their lives to save
him, as he should have been assassinated if they had had
the misfortune to meet one of the bands of insurgents.
M. Mahul concludes by affirming that he had acted up
to the last moment as " became a man of sense and cou-
rage, and that no friend of the Government at Toulouse
can reproach him with having failed in his duty, and his
enemies on the spot impute to him everything except the
first, that which would, in his eyes, be the night grave,
but to have pushed resistance to them till the last possi-
ble extremity."
The most curious phrase in M. Mahul's explanation,
which excites much commentary, is the following :—" It
would not be correct to state that rhave shrunk before
the effusion of blood of the factions. I have always ad-
mitted that it was both my right and duty so to do."
M. Plougoulm, says the Gazette de Tribunaux, had
been ordered immediately to Paris by telegraphic de-
spatch.
The Emincipation of the 17th states that on the pre-
ceding evening about eighty sub-officers of the garrison,
sung the " Marseillaise" at a cafe in the Place de la
Capitolerand the chorus shouted, " Down with the Tou-
louseians.'

The populace attacked them with stones, but;the Na-
tional Guards interfered and quelled the disturbance,
two of the latter being, however, wounded. The ob-
noxious Tirailleurs (new regiment) on the 17th were
ordered to their barracks, and their posts occupied by
the 37th.

PARIS, TUESDAY, FIVE O'CLOCK, A.M.-It is stated
that M. Maurice Duval has ordered the arrest of the
editor of the Emancipation, who is to be brought before
the Court of Assize for bringing the King's Government
into hatred and contempt. The ringleaders of the riots
are also to be prosecuted.

CONSTANTINOPLE, JULY 30 (via Vienna).—The intel-
ligence received by the Porte with respect to the
position and resources of the insurgents of Candia is
such as to encourage the belief that the disturbances
there will be soon quieted altogether.
Complaints have been addressed by the Porte to the
Government of King Otho on the conduct of the Greeks,
who it was rumoured had been preparing fire-ships at
Syra to burn the Turkish fleet.
The Sultan is again indisposed. •
A circular had been addressed to the representatives
of the European Powers, informing them that the Porte
was seriously occupied with the affairs of Bulgaria.
Rifaat Bey, the Minister for Foreign Affairs, had de-
livered to the Patriarchs of the Greek, Armenian, and
Jewish community, firmans of the Sultan, for the special
protection of the population of Syra, who are hencefor-
ward to be relieved from all arbitrary exactions, and be
liable only to the regular taxes.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE
(LLOYD'S.)
VESSELS SPOKEN WITIL—The Tribune, for Odessa,
7th ult., lat. 36, lon. 26, by the Copia, arrived at Fal-
mouth. Charles, from Alexandria, 20th ult., off Malaga.;
Exile of Brixham, 28th ult., in the Gut of Gibraltar ;
Atalanta, sth, off St. Übes, by the Hayle, arrived at
Falmouth. Bagshaw. Mauritius to London, May.3o,
lat. 12, lon.. 23 W. ; Dove, Newcastle to Rio Janeiro,
9th ult., lat. 1 N., lon. 23 W. ; Caledonia, Sydriey to
London, lat. 43, lon. 27 ; Orpheus. London for Jainaica,
18th, off the Lizard, by the Ide, arrived at ditto. Cornish
Diamond, of St. Ives, and Pantaloon, of Yarmouth, from
Alexandria, 27th ult., in the Gut of Gibraltar, by the
Tribune, arrived at ditto. Lady Constable of Liver-
pool, for Quebec, 17th ult., Cape Clear. E. by S.
40 miles, by the Venture, arrived at Newport.
Crescent, of Guernsey, for Cork, 16th, by the Tyro, ar-
rived at Cork. Caledonia, steamer. steering W. 10th,
lat. 47, lon. 32, by the Prince Regent, arrived at Ports-
mouth. Pilot, Quebec to Southampton, Bth, lat. 46, lon.
42, by the Cornwall, transport, arrived at ditto. Hope, from
Manilla, 17th May, lat. 2 N., lon. 23 W. ; Kelblain, of
Greenock, steering south, 27th, lat. 9, len. 27, by the
Philantrope, arrived at Bordeaux. Swan, Newfound-
land to Oporto, sth lat. 42, lon. 11 ; Gondola, of Bel-
fast, 13th, lat. 48, ion. 17, by the William Skinner, ar-
rived in the River. Sophia, Jamaica to London, Ist ult.,
off the Caymans ; Thalia, Bth, lat. 22, lon. 84 ; Quebec
Packet, 4th, lat. 20, lon. 82 ; Skelleftea, Gothenburg to
New York, 24th, lat. 28, ion. 62 ; Apollo (American),
3d inst., lat. 44, lon. 41, by the Kent, arrived off Ply-
mouth.

QUALIFICATIONS OF A YANKEE.—The fol-
lowing description of a Yankee was given in a recent
lecture at Boston :—" If you place him on a rock in the
midst of the ocean, with a pen-knife and a bundle of
shingles, he would manage to work his way on shore.
Ile sells salmon from Kennebec to the people of Charles-
ton ; haddock 'fresh from Cape Cod,' to the planters of
Motanzas; raises coffee in Cuba; swaps mules and horses
for molasses in Porto Rico; retails ice from Fresh Pond,
in Cambridge, to the East Indies—mutton from Brighton
at New Orleans and South America—manufactures
Morns Multicaulis' for the Governor of Jamaica—be-
comes an admiral in foreign nations—starts in a cockle
shell craft of fifteen tons, loaded with onions, mackerel,
and other notions (too numerous to mention) for Valpa-
raiso—baits his trap on the Columbia river—catches wild
beasts in Africa for Macomboy and Co.'s Caravan—sells
granite on contract to rebuild San Juan de Ulloa—is
ready, like Ledyard, to start for Timbuctoo to-morrow
morning'—exiles himself for years from his home, to
sketch in their own wilderness, the wild men of the
woods,' and astonishes refined Europe with the seeming
presence of the untutored savage—introduced to Metter-
nich, he asks him What's the news?'—says, how do
you do, Marm ?' to Victoria—and prescribes Thomp-
son's eye water to the Mandarins of China."—New
York Paper.
BLESSINGS OF THE CORN-LAWS.--Yesterday
morning a simultaneous rise in the price of bread took
place throughout the metropolis ! The 41b. loaf as de-
livered over the counter of the cheap baker is this day
eightpence halfpennny ! and at the full-priced baker's
tenpence ! Furthermore, is is stated, that in a very
short time the common or household loaf of 4lbs. will be
tenpence halfpenny, and the best wheaten bread thirteen-
pence ! These stubborn facts come home to every man's
bosom, and tell more keenly than the speeches of ten
thousand lecturers.

-
SUBSTITUTE FOR FOUNDLING HOSPITALS.
—ln other islands, a mode is occasionally adopted for
throwing on the Chamber the burden of supporting
superfluous infants, which is as novel and original a plan
as Swift's " modest proposal" for bettering the condition
of Ireland. The mother puts the baby in a basket, and
at night, when all are in bed, deposits the burden out-
side a neighbour's door. If the child cries (which is very
likely, under such circumstances), the neighbour wakes,
suspects what is going on, gets out of bed, opens the
door, and quietly carries the basket to the next door,
where, perhaps, the same thing happens, and the bur-
den is again removed one house further on. In this way,
if the child is noisy, it may be transferred from house
to house through an entire village ; for the custom is,
that the person at whose door it is found after day-break
must take the charge of it. A certain weekly payment
can then be demanded of the authorities, but the child
must be reared by the last discoverer.—Bullar's Winter
in the Azores.
CHILDBIRTH ON BOARD A GRAVESEND
KTEAMER.—On Tuesday at two o'clock a curious scene
occurred on board the Star, A young man was seen
leading his young wife to the ladies' cabin, and in a few
minutes afterwards she was delivered of a daughter.
This unexpected event created much sympathy for the
poor woman, especially as there was no medical man on
board. Mr. Stevens, civil engineer ; Mr. Northhouse,
and several other gentlemen, who were engaged in a snc-
gr
cessful experiment to test the eat superiority of Dr.
Albert's steam fuel over the best coal, quitted the
engine-room,
to commence a subscription to obtain aid
for the mother and her child, when several sovereigns
were in a few minutes contributed, and they had the
satisfaction of hearinr, that both were " as well as could
be expected." The ?ether, whose name is Potts, is a
ropemaker of Chatham, and was for some time incon-
solable, fearing the loss of his wife and child) from the
premature and unprepared accouchement.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, July 21.
(Before Mr. Commissioner FONBLANQUE.)

much." She said, I think there is something," and he
then replied, " I hit her. I have been doing nothing
else." The prosecutrix was very much hurt, and blood
was streaming from her mouth. Her clothes were also
much torn. After the prosecutrix had been removed
from the ditch, she (witness) found her (pro2ecutrix's)
apron, and a man's cotton cap.
Mr. DowLING then addressed the Jury for the de-
fence, and
The Learned. JUDGE having summed, the jury con-
victed the prisoner of an assault only.
The prisoner was then sentenced to two years' hard
labour.

James Sheridan, Peter Sheridan, James Smith, John
Smith, Matthew Clonin, and James Clonin, all Irish la-
bourers, were indicted for cutting and wounding Abra-
ham Woodhouse, with intent•to murder or do him some
grievous bodily harm.
Mr. Marsh prosecuted, and Mr. Dowling defended.
It appeared from the evidence of a number of wit-
nesses, that, on Sunday evening, the 4th inst., the pri-
soners, with a number of other Irish labourers, who were
employed as haymakers at Waltham Abbey, assembled
at a public-house, and attacked indiscriminately a num-
ber of English labourers, amongst whom was the prose-
cutor. The prisoners made use of their knives ; the pro-
secutor received a wound of about nine inches in length
on his left side, and another severe wound in his shoul-
der. - Several other persons received similar injuries.
Mr. DOWLING addressed the jury on behalf of the pri-
soners.

Verdict—Guilty of wounding, with intent to do some
grievous bodily harm.
There were other indictments against the prisoners for
wounding other persons, and also for a riot, but the
Learned Judge said it was unnecessary to proceed with
them.

The prisoners were severally sentenced to be impri-
soned and kept to hard labour for six months.

- CIVIL SIDE.
(Before Mr. Sergeant TADDY and a Special Jury.)

BLACK AND OTHERS V. FELIOWS OF NEW COLLEGE,

OXFORD.

This was a feigned issue under the Act of Parliament,
to try whether the defendants were entitled to take the
tithes upon certain lands in the parishes of Romford and
Hornchurch in kind, or under a modus.

Sir W. Follett, Mr. Platt, and Mr. Ogle were for the
plaintiffs ; and Mr. Sergeant Channell and Mr. Perceval
for the defendant.

Sir W. FOLLETT said he had the honour to appear on
behalf of the plaintiffs, who were the owners or occu-
piers of certain lands in the
.parish of Romford, situated
on the north side of the ancient highway from Romford
to Brentwood, and the question the Jury would be
called upon to decide, was whether they should pay their
tithe upon their hay in kind, at least whether it originally
was liable to that kind of payment, or whether under an
ancient prescriptive right or modus. By the Tithe Commu-
tation Act:the Jury were perhaps aware that the old plan of
payment of tithes was abolished, and a permanent rent-
charge upon the land was substituted in lieu of that
impost ; and the amount of this rent-charge was of
course 'regulated by the former amount of tithe that
was paid, and it of course was very different in amount
where a modus existed, and where the tithes were taken
in kind. The Tithe Commutation Act was not intended
at all to affect existing interests ; if land was tithe free,
the rent-charge was paid accordingly ; and •if there was
a modus it was regulated by the amount paid. From
what, however, had already taken place in this suit, he
could not help thinking that the Wardens of the College
were endeavouring, by the means of the Tithe Commuta-
tion Act, to raise a new property to themselves, and one to
which in his opinion, upon looking at the evidence and
the other circumstances, they had no legal or rightful
claim, and he could only attribute their defence in the
present suit to the circumstance of their acting as a cor-
poration, as they were all well aware that a body of
men would adopt proceedings in defence of any supposed
right which an individual would shrink from attempting.
He should be enabled to show the Jury that, for a great
many years, no payment in kind for hay had ever been
made, and should be enabled to show by documents ob-
tained from the chest of the College itself that for cen-
turies a custom had existed of paying threepence an
acre for the tithe of hay, and that the College had over
and over again granted leases upon that principle ; and
notwithstandiag all this they had now thought pro-
per to compel the landholders and the occupiers of
this district to come into Court and prove their
legal exemption from the payment of the tithe in
kind. He cheerfully accepted the challenge, and
he had not the least doubt that it would be an easy
task for him to satisfy the Jury of the existence of the
right that was set up by his clients. The Learned Coun-
sel then explained that he should by documentary evi-
dence show that for centuries a custom had existed in
this portion of the parish referred to of paying a tithe of
fourpence an acre upon hay land that had not been
ploughed, and threepence for that which had been
ploughed, and he said this principle had always been
acted upon, and although the College might now find it
to be unprofitable to them, they were not therefore to
compel the farmers and the landowners to pay them a
larger amount than they had a *legal right to de-
mand. According to the old fiction of law this
modus was declared to have existed from the
time of Richard the First ; but, of course, it was utterly
1 npossible that evidence should be adduced to prove that,
and the law, besides, did not require it, for the presump-
tion of law was, that where a prescriptive right was
shown to have existed for a great many years, and within
living memory, extending to that period, that it should
be taken as having always existed, and the law required
no other evidence ; and, by a recent Act of the Legisla-
ture, it was declared, that when a party had had the en-
joyment and possession of an estate, undisturbedly, for
30 years, that no title that might be raked up, how-
ever good that title might be, should disturb him
in his possession ; and the same principle would
apply to the present.case ; and if he showed them that
the landowners had enjoyed their property upon the
terms referred to for the long period mentioned, no one
had now a right to disturb them. An Act of Parliament
had been passed in 1532, which declared that where the
existence of a modus was proved for thirty years, unless
some contrary evidence, or proof of an arrangement,
was tendered in opposition to it, that it must be held to
establish the right ; and the same Act said, that where
proof of its existence for sixty years was given, that no
evidence could shake it. There were, however, some
exempted cases, and the College probably thought they
came within their scope ; but without reference to that
Act at all, he should contend that he was entitled to their
verdict. He must confess that he was surprised at the
proceedings of the College, for besides the evidence of
the witnesses he should produce in behalf of the plaintiff's
case to speak from their own knowledge as to the exist-
ence of the modus, he should show by documents from
the College muniments that it had existei for centuries,
and had never been questioned till the present time.
The Learned Counsel then read an extract from a lease
granted by the College to Lady Anne Wade in 1625 ; one
of the covenants of which was, that a return should be
made of the boundaries, &c., and also of the customs,
and the mode of paying the tithes on corn and hay, and
to which a return was made that the corn was taken in
kind, but that the hay was by ancient custom paid for at
3d. an acre on land that had been ploughed, and 4d.
where it had not ; and he said that there were
several other similar leases and similar returns, one
of which was dated so far back as the year 1595. He
could not conceive how it was possible that the
College, with the knowledge of the existence of such
documents as these, should attempt to oppose the right
that was set up, for he was quite sure that no evidence
they could produce would destroy their effect. The
Learned Counsel said that his case did not rest entirely
upon the documents he had already referred to, for there
was another very curious document that had been for-
tunately laid hold of during the proceedings, which like-
wise went to establish the right. It appeared that in
1659, at the time of the Commonwealth, a Committee
of the House of Commons was appointed, that was
called the Committee of Plundered Ministers ; and
they were desirous to raise the stipends of the subor-
dinate members of the Church, and, among others, to
augment the stipend of the Vicar of Hornchurch, and
they called upon the College to do so. They, however,
were very unwilling to make the proposed increase, and
they sent two of their fellows to London to make interest
in their behalf, and they applied to the Speaker of the
House of Commons, and also to a celebrated lawyer of
that time named Heneage Finch, who drew up a case
on their behalf, and in a letter to the College the fel-
lows said they had engaged the assistance of a cunning
lawyer and a good speaker ; but that the great
thing was to get a good store of Parliament men
to support them.—(Loud laughter.) In that very case,
so drawn up, the College, as a ground for not paying
the proposed augmentation, said that there was a
" custom" which made the tithes very small, and that
the payment proposed would be more than they were
worth. He was at a loss, under these circumstances, to
imagine what case the defendants would attempt to set
up, but from some circumstances that had transpired he
believed it would be said that this property was originally
in the hands of a Convent of the Monks of Mount St.
Bernard, in Savoy, and he believed that some old lease
or other documents would be brought forward, and
by the aid of witnesses capable of explaining the
language of the period, an attempt would be• made
to show that at some time or other the tithe of hay
had been paid in kind. Even admitting that any proof
of this kind should be adduced, he was prepared to con-
tend that it could not affect his case, and he should with
confidence leave the matter in the hands of the jury, who,
he was quite sure, would render justice to all parties.
A number of witnesses were then called, and a variety
of documentary evidence was produced in proof ; but
the verdict was not declared when our report was dis-
patched, and it was expected that the cause would not be
concluded until to-day.

THE NEW PUBLICATIONS.—The following
interesting new works have just been published by Mr.
Colburn, of Great Marlborough-street, and may now be
had of all booksellers :-1. Dr. Granville's Midland and
Southern Spas of England, 2 vols., with 25 Illustrations,
18s. bound-2. Dr. Granville's Guide to the Spas of
Germany, cheaper Edition, 1 thick vol., with 30 Illus-
trations, 12s. bound-3. The Idler in France, by the
Countess of Blessington. 2 vols.-4. The Hon. Mrs. Da-
mer's Diary of her Travels in the Holy Land, 2 vols.-
5. Miss Landon's Life and Literary Remains, 2 vels.-
6. Mr. Thomas Campbell's Life of Petrarch, 2 vols.-
7. Trollope's Summer in Western France, 2 vols.-8.
Three Years in Persia and Koordistan, by George Fow-
ler, Esq.. 2 vols.-9, The Personal History of George
IV., by the Rev. George Crowley, 2 vols.-10. The Book
without a Name, by Sir Charles and Lady Morgan, 2
vols.-11. Swinburne's Letters from the Courts of Europe,
2 vols. Bvo.—and 12. Moschelle's Life and Letters of
Beethoven, 2 vols.

THE ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.—
The third meeting of the Royal Agricultural Society of
England commenced in this town on Monday last. Up
to the present moment, however, we have little to record
save the " note of preparation."—Liverpool Courier.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
GUILDIIALL.

Yesterday William Pemberton and William Broadhurst,
two journeymen braziers, were brought before Sir C. Mar-
shall. charged with neglecting to fulfil a contract they had en-
tered into with ➢ir. Pontifex, the coppersmith, in Shoe-lane.
Mr. Pontifex, a solicitor, stated the nature of the case, and
called

Mr. Ed•nund Pontifex, who said the men had formed a
Trade Society, who came to a resolution that no man should
perform any labour in the factory without having been appren-
ticed to the trade for seven years, however merely mechanical
it might be. Another resolution was, that the journeymen
should limit and control the number of apprentices to be taken
by the masters. He having refused to abide by these resolu-
tions, forty of his men struck, and had been out of
work several weeks. He went to Birmingham, and amongst
the persons he hired there "'ere the two prisoners. He paid
their coach hire to London, advanced 71. to one, and 21. to the
other, that they might pay their debts before they came away,
and after they had worked only four days, they absconded,
without having made a single complaint. It had cost him 111.
to have them brought back from Birmingham.
After some further evidence,

Sir CHAPaeAN MAastram, thought that, looking at all the
circumstances of this case, he ought to award the full punish-
ment allowed by law. He therefore adjudged, that for three
months their wages be abated to one shining a week, and that
for that term they be imprisoned and kept to hard labour.
Mr. Alderman THOMAS WOOD said he remembered what
Mr. Pontifez told him on applying for the warrant, that on
account of the regulations enforced, or attempted to be en-
forced, by the men, orders which used to be sent from abroad
to England were now being executed on the Continent.
What would become of the men and their wives and families,
if they thus ruined the trade of their masters ? Mr. Ponti-
fex mentioned one order for 10,0001. worth of goods which
had been so transferred to the Continent, because he could not
compete, either in price or certainty in time, owing to the
combination.

Mr. Pontifex begged to state another fact. He had been
conversing with a great coppersmith at Paris, who employed
500 hands, and who was now in England. This gentleman
contemplated bringing over foreign workmen to establish-
ments he meant to open at Liverpool and elsewhere. This
gentleman would, on account of the different mode of paying
and managing his work-people, be able to undersell any Eng-
glish house. He (Mr. Pontifex) should be compelled in self-
defence, to open establishments in Belgium and elsewhere,
employing foreigners only in them.
Mr. Aldermpn THOMAS Woon said the conduct of the
braziers was exactly like that of the Spitalfields weavers some
years ago, who persisted in unreasonable claims and regu-
lations till they drove the London trade into the country,
never to return, and leaving themselves nothing but wretched-
ness. _ _ _

••....70
The prisoners were then committed to Bridewell for three
months.

THAMES-OFFICE.

Yesterday Wm. Bartlett, a waterman, plying at the Tower•
stairs, appeared before Mr. Broderip to answer the complaint
of a gentleman, named Baxendale, who charged him with ex-
acting more than his fare. The complainant and three other
gentlemen hired the defendant at the Tower-stairs, on Thurs-
day last, to convey them on board the Soho steamer, bound for
Antwerp, lying off the Tower, and for this service 4s. was de-
manded instead of Is., the legal fare. He was then informed
by Mr. Baxendale, that if the demand were persisted in he
would be summoned before the Thames-police Magistrates,
when he pointed to his boat, and, in an insulting manner re-
plied, "You can do that if you like, there is my name on the
wherry." The name of Henry Wheatley was on the boat, and
a summons was taken out against the owner, who, on being
made acquainted with the facts, gave such information that the
defendant was compelled to appear before the magistrate, rnd
it seemed that he took the boat from the stairs without the per-
mission of Wheatley.
The defendant, in reply to the charge, said the gentleman
came down to the stairs during the tremendous storm on
Thursday, that he carried their luggage from the cabs to the
boat, and that he rowed them from the Tower Stairs to St.
Katharine's.

Mr. BaODERIP said the defendant had been guilty of many
offences, and was liable to a penalty for each. He had no
right to work another person's boat and he was bound to
produce a printed list of the fares when called upon. He
was, however, only summoned for one offence, that of charg-
ing more than his fare, and it was the imperative duty of the
Magistrate, who had to protect the public as well as the
honest waterman, to inflict the full penalty when no miti-
gating circumstances could be adduced. In this case every
thing possible was done to baffle the complainant, and he
had been put to great expense and the trouble of three days'
attendance. It was quite notorious that where one case of ex-
tortion was brought forward, fifty were suffered to remain un-
punished, and the public ought to be much obliged to Mr.
Baxendale for his interference. He should sentence the de-
fendant to pay a fine of 40s. and the costs ; and he should
award some compensation to the waterman Wheatley, who had
behaved very well in the matter, and whe had assisted in bring-
ing the defendant to justice.

ANTI-CORN-LAW TEA PARTY AT

SALFORD.
An Anti-Corn-law tea party was held in Salford. Town
Hall on Monday evening last, for the purpose of form-
ing an Operative Anti-Corn-law Association in Salford.
About 400, a great proportion of whom were ladies, sat
down to tea. Mr. William Morris occupied the chair ;
and, amongst other gentlemen present, were Joseph
Brotherton, Esq., M,P, ; Mr, Alderman Brooks, Mr J.
Kay, jun., constable ; Mr. W. Lockett, &c. The room
was tastefnlly decorated with flags and banners, bearing
appropriate inscriptions.
Mr. W. J. BIRCH moved a resolution to the effect,
that an Operative Anti-Corn-law Association should be
formed in Salford.

Mr. Alderman BROOKS said he could purchase beef in
Monte Video for 9s. 4d. a cwt., and it would pay him
to bring it over to England, and sell it at 11d. alb
But our la*s absolutely prohibited the importation of
beef,

Mr. WARREN, the President of the Manchester Ope-
rative Anti-Corn-law Association, said, 191 b. of sugar
might be got in l-lamburgh for 6s. 4d., which cost in
England 19s. lie urged them to unite, and use every
endeavour to repeal the laws, which were evidently so
injurious to them.
.J. BROTHERTON, Esq., M.P., said a tax upon corn was
different from a tax upon sugar or coffee, or any article
produced by a foreign country. Supposing we imported a
certain quantity of tea, which was worth a shilling a
pound, if a tax of a shilling a pound was put upon it, we
should only have to pay 2s. for the article. But it was
not so with regard to corn. Assuming, for the sake of
argument, that we consumed fifty millions of quarters
of wheat a year, a tax of 10s. a quarter upon it would
be 25 millions. Now, if we imported two millions
of quarters of foreign wheat at a duty of 10s. a quarter,
we should have to pay into the Treasury one million of
money; but the effect of having a tax upon an article
which was grown in this country was not merely to tax
us to the amount paid into the Treasury, but it had the
effect of raising the price of all the wheat grown in this
country 10s. a quarter : so that, in reality, we had to
pay a tax of twenty-five millions ; and we should see
the distinction between a sliding scale and a fixed
duty. Lord Winchilsea was all but horrified at the
idea of taxing the bread of the people, by means of an
Bs. duty upon corn ; but, according to the sliding
scale, the duty at that time was 255. a quarter. With re-
spect to the article of sugar, he would show us how we
were plundered. A sample of foreign sugar of fair qua-
lity, had been sent to him by a person in the room, which
might be purchased, exclusive of duty, at 24-d. a pound,
The West India planters had procured a tax of 635. per
cwt. to be laid on foreign sugar, while their own
was only taxed to the amount of 245. per cwt. In 1831
this country imported from the West Indies 4,600,000
cwt. of sugar, for which we paid them five millions of
money, exclusive of the duty ; and the consumption
averaged 201 b a head-21b a head less, by the by, than
the allowance in the workhouse, In 1840, only 3,600,000
cwts. were imported ; but what did we think we had to
pay for it ? We paid five millions for 4,600,000 cwts. ;
but we had to pay nine millions for 3,600,000 cwts. So
that we paid four millions more for one-fourth less ; be-
cause we could not receive it from other places, foreign
sugar being charged with a duty of 635. a cwt. We
must be astonished that such laws as these should have
been enacted ; but the fact was, it was a Tory principle,
that the people had nothing to do with the laws but to
obey them.
The resolution was carried, and almost every man pre-
sent intimated his intention to belong to the association.
The proceedings terminated about eleven o'clock.

THINGS TOO HARD FOR A MA-

JORITY.
(From the Non Conformist.)
Commerce droeps—trade is stagnant—our manufac-
tures one by one are falling into decay—capital returns
no profit—industry finds no employment—the revenue
steadily declines—the 'expenses of the country increase.
The national resources seem to have lost their
wonted elasticity. Improvement, hoped for, expected,
patiently waited for, not only does not come, but gives
no promise of coming. Men try to suck consolation
from the thought that things cannot be worse—just as
starving people have been known to seek nutriment in
old shoes. We fear the scanty pittance of comfort de-
rived from this source will be soon wrested from them
by inexorable facts. The bankruptcy list may be longer
—markets yet open to us may be lost—mills and fac-
tories may be given up as worthless—thousands who have
strained every nerve to maintain a footing of credit and
respectability may be compelled to yield to the iron
rule of necessity—and millions who have contrived, one
scarcely knows how, to keep life within their wasting
wasting frames, may find even that to be no longer
possible.

The present unprecedented depression of the staple in-
terests of the country is neither recently nor suddenly
produced. The causes which brought it to the present
pass, are not adventitious. What they have done an are
doing, they will continue to do with frightfully augmen-
ted power. Trade cannot flourish whilst manufacture
languishes—manufacture cannot live but in close de-
pendence upon commerce—and commerce crippled by
absurd restrictions cannot win back markets from which
foreign competition has driven it. Prosperity will not
drop down upon us from heaven—the age of miracles is
passed. It was long before monopoly fairly beat
down the energies of an enterprising, industrious,
and, by position, singularly favoured people—but having
done this, recovery is impossible so long as monopoly is
upheld.
Sir Robert Peel takes office to uphold monopoly.
Flushed with electoral triumphs, his party display all
the confidence which would be justified only by the sup-
position that their main obstacle has been surmounted.
They undertake the task of governing this country, every
interest of which (saving agriculture, whose turn of ad-
versity is approaching), languishes nigh to dissolution,
on principles, the - real meaning of which is that relief
shall not be administered ; and they fancy have suc-
ceeded when they have got a Parliamentary majority. A
Parliamentary majority I Yes ; they have got one; and it
is all they have got. Meanwhile the great unvarying
laws of the Social and economical world will go on steadily
operating, uninfluenced by their majority.
We have little faith in the patriotism of the middle
classes—not much in their enlightenment. Neitheir of
them has done much to avert the present crisis. But
necessity will teach them some useful lessons—and
growing distress will do much to embolden their political
Aiews and spirit. The continuance and increase of pre-
Sent embarrassments will drive all classes to ask them-
selves—" Why is it thus ?" Soon the eyes of all will

. •
hands the power of relief and selfishly refuse to give ,1 .
be fixed upon the boasted majority who hold
They will begin to reason thus—" we have all ticiesteg,
ments or national greatness and prosperitY-;
, i" ;
skill, enterprise, influence—roads, canals, r•vers, lees
, with tha
ocean—we have coal and iron—we can avail eure
of immense natural advantages—we might trade
whole world—and we are bidden by a Parliamentary Pli-
jority, to forego it all and perish." in their
Can Sir Robert Peel and his majority obliterate from
men's minds the conclusions firmly fixed there by .!I:_e.
report of the Committee on the Import Duties 1 Can
he persuade them that any retrenchment of arisWer.3 s
extravagance would be an evil infinitely more serious
than national beggary ? Will he be able to chain 5
ght A
3,
thought, or cut off the connection between thou
will ? Or is he fond enough to suppose that universoti
distress, produced by known removable causes, will. no
generate discontent, or that discontent can embodY 0..57_
in no form which his majority will be unable to eft':
with ? In one word, can he make human nature 0
than it is.? If not, what does he and his party proll
to do ? Just to sit upon the valve of the engine au
whistle until the boiler butsts.
It is rumoured that the Tories, fearful of "trying t_e:,
experiment of increased taxation, will cut iiown expeo_,
diture, and make it square with the present income
te:',
difficulties. A steadily declining
the country. What then ? This will not he
u___',
It sroptoin le'
plaint with which he has to deal, but only
it. Taxation is as nothing in comparison of monopo)t•;
Give us leave (mark that ! the nation is under neeess_ideJ,
in this matter of asking leave), give us leave to Tor
when, where, and in what articles we please:. all,i, bat
national debt would not only be more roslllthw scan
easily and with cheerfulness. Our intkrests can •on
up under this burden ;but they cannot suffe shy(vet'
revenue is not the cow,
of natural sustenance too,
ternal pressure alone ; but by the combination et
coin,'
ternal pressure with internal weakness. Trade and '
. ~ their
s t oHmearceh t cbreanv ei
as
Sir t
Robert's o n .
coerce are gasping We are not cr q _ex'''.
for proper aliment—liVteni but the
load will not meet their case. Not the hack
,12, d i 5
i
a fleabite to it. All the great interests of the —1101:.
Baronet comes forward and declares, are sinking gradually but surely into decaythe t. e
~ I will tekt.illity
main difficulty. -.------npir
government in hand on the principe of withh°l of
relief." A population rapidly increasing—the mealy.
employmentme daily slipping out of their hans---oking
ablequ cn c
te
intonse amount of caital vested in mannfaetalliods,
fferi
e a:
much
n avc
s. annihilation—incorporated property' ilf "4:' ,Dasr
hipping, railroads canals, mines, becoming in 1;4111
alreadyo keep
bankruptcy at bay—the working c.o. Sir
value—the
natitlueremciatlncielelbell:easitse:riWribesle
depreciatedsu
Robert Peel bee'ablt, to master this unusual 3n and hie
combin • ation of difficulties ? Yes ! when he :, time
majoritysi. can chain the Hellespont. We sa,:d .5°"••• Oh
iie. he would have to deal with things rattler `than 0
political parties—and we predict, without pr~44l—
sight, that things will beat him.

CORN AVERAGV?-I*, ;010', of
GENERAL AVERAGE I'ItICES OF BRlTlokil,' lie jod
For the Week ended Julyl6, 1841, made tar ill'in;,,t $ AP.-
the inspectors in the flitTerent Cities and .'Assn'— :la.
Wales, per Imperial Quarter.
Wheat 64s. Ild. Oats
I Carley 32s. Cd. Rye .... ..... 355. 2,.. Tease...'
'
AVERAGES OF THE LAST SIX ViZ".sjssi 8,0
,
Week ending WHEAT. 'BARLEY. OATS. RYE. P_
A 39 '1
•. • .•.... • . • . , ...1.0... ........ .........••••• . ..i, ••• 4.1 •
June 11 62 2 30 2 22 2 32 P f.,' 7 ~,,' 11
IR 62 5 30 10 21 10 34 PI „'''' i , 11
25 63 5 31 6 21 11 35 6 70i
3 i
July 2 63 11 31 11 22 11 35 6 -": 3 44 5
9 9& 3 :31 9 4:1 2 33 :, '405 'ty
16
IMPERIAL AGGREGATE AVERAGES OF Tilt .---- ,54, 61
Wheat .. , ~
635. 6d. 1 Oats ......... 225. Id.l Bear. 1-••••_.40
Harley 3la. sd. I Rye
DUTIES ON FOREIGN CORN.
_...19.1 61.
I Wheat 2os. Bd. Oats
Barley lss. 4d. Rye

THE MAItIZETb•
COAL MARKET.
Ships arrived since last market day, 5.
8. d.

9
WWaailllss EEnndd L'Stelstrtn'ns .................. 9t1,9‘
Walls End Whitwell.• tzt/
Walls End Caradoe...•••''' %
Walig End CassoP•••••7"."...
0
Walls End tiai tlePe, •••:''' ill 0
Walls End Kellc e .••••••• 5 510 0
Tennant's Hartleeenl'''.,. 1? 6
Walls End Adelaide.. .....
•.
Walls End Barrett.... . .P
19 6
Walls End marrinet. 'laser/ 0
Walls End Brown'ol ...
Wal s End ees ne ••n•'''
"'' 15
:Wails En Tees Be 111
Walls End West Jett Cll ;
Hartley ......... ......... 6
Howard's NcthertonN Pl
Llangennech Coal ...... ......... 16
Newton Main ............ ..

Adair's
Buddle's West Hartley 1:
I.lolywell Man lB 0
New Garesdeld...
New Tanfield Moor l5 Si
Old Tanfleld
Tanfleld Moor 2O 1,
TanflarMoor Bute's l5 Si
West Airylam ... 17 C
West Pelaw.... ll
Walls Ef.d r ewic.e and C
Walls End Brown's' l7 0
Walls End Clennell
Walls End Hilda. ls 3
Walls End Killingworth
Walls End Riddell's. lB 9
Walls End East Hetton 18 6
Walls End Haswell.
Walls End Hetton 2O 1)

COUNTRY CORN MARKETS' reoc'
neorls• 1,,../
Wheat. Barley. Oats. -....3-.......7.0 .to 46
.................. •iim.....••••••.. .
Per Quarter. s. to a. a.to 4.t0 . • a. s 11° ati }I 39 40
Boston 55 64 22 38 18 22 ,35 $s 15 41
Bramttee 52 60 27 34 93 21 1 3.1 40 43
B•ighton 6O E 7 28 30 24 21. ,56 3/0 ;44 „
Cambridge — 62 29 21 I 44 ss 44
Chichester 62 64 20 32 22 26 142 5s
~.. ...,
Dunmow 59 62 29 35 26 29 134 40 34
Grantham
4
Grimsby 56 64 28 33 18 21 ! :".: ) '''' I
Hailsham 63 f 8 `..6 30 23 25 191 ' 45 --- 4.
Hitchin 5O 61 28 34 22 30 ill 40 56.4 39
Ipswich 5O 66 29 35 21 26 31 3 a al 39
Lewes (l5 66 26 29 22 25 '3l ss 2" •••••
Lynn 6O 68 30 34 20 24 31 40 .:0 40
Maidstone 59 66 36 39 26 32 35 40 X 30
Norwich
Petworth
Romford 55 72 30 34 20 30 34 4 3,a I.A
$ Sandwich 62 71 30 34 26 30 :15 ,i, AO g
Tnctford 6O 62 28 30 23 WI 38 .14 14 41
Wisliech ....,, ,56 62 2,4 N 4 20 2:1 35 ,' 36 41
Witham 152 66 30 33 20 113 36 40
,4,4
Yarmouth 6O 66 I,u 32 24 28 40 41 ''
LIVERPOOL CORN 111 ANKET.—JuIy 20 0 )014S1
WHEAT, English, White, per 701 b..,.
0
-- Red 9 S 6 4
--. Scotch, Welch, and Manx
-- Irish, White 7 9 9
8
------- Red 7 6 10 0
Foreign
OATS, English, Welsh, and Scotch, per 4511, 2 3 (14
Irish
NW ••••• 00000000 V 41OG IP

Tnetford J 6') 62 :i 41:
Wishech 56 62 35 37
Witham 54 66 36 40
Yarmouth 6O 66 i 40 41
Li V ERPOOL July 260 ph Ida
WHEAT, English, White, ....• 9s. Pit.ci 10 1
Red .., 9 S 6 "
4
-- Scotch, Welch, 6 10. 9 1
-- Irish, White., 7 0 9 8
-- Red ..•.... 7 0 30
- Foreign 8 10 '
I
OATS, English, Welsh, al 2 JO 0
- Irish
- Foreign 0 0 20 0
BARLEY, English, Malting, per Imp. quarter 34 0 4 4
"
--- Scotch and Irish, per 60Ibs.
-- Feeding • ••
310 45 d
BEANS, English, per Imperial quarter 4.. 0 40 0
- Irish, 40 0&c
41 '
42
- Foreign 0
PEASE, English, per Imperial quarter ' 4•2 „0 42 0
--- Foreign
FLOUR, English, per 2601 b. 4O 0 51 6
- Irish
27 0
OATMEAL, English and Irish, per 2461bs •• 25 6 37 ,
..
INDIAN CORN, tier 4501 b.
If
C 0
° 36 a
limn, per Imperial quarter . ...... _ 0
MALT, per Imperial quarter .............• ....... .... 4*
-et*

THE BANK OF MANCHESTER.--We 813,ext:Cof
-1
ceedingly glad to find, that the Directors of the ue die
Manchester have at length resolved to discontOf
issue of their own notes ; so that the circulation ° ore
town and its immediate neighbourhood will he ° ille °ter 5°
restored to the state of purity in which it existeti,..tsio'
oi ill
many years, and which was so justly the pride
habitants. There are now no local notes issued el"y of
Manchester or Liverpool, and very few in the e 4 tie% the
Lancaster. We hope the time is not far distant %P.a../
whole kingdom may be placed in the same si"l/41
Manchester Guardian

SILVER-PLATED on WHl'i-E l'IP„ Pc,
being all white, it is not liable by wear tc. shop
colour. Price of Table Spoons and Forks, 21. 195-014 spooa6
Dessert Spoons and Forks, 2 Guineas per dozen ; pidis4
255. per dozen ; Gravy Spoons, 9s. 6d. cash ; SOUP
16s. each.
A lithographic Book of the Patterns, made in :this ll&per
Candlesticks, Toast Rack, Snuffer Trays, Wait Cr',
Dishes, Bread and Cake Baskets, Egg Frames, Ce•l,,e r t°-
&c., can be sentfor inspection into the coantry is 1`""
paid letter.

T. COX SAVORY,
Goldsmith, Watchmaker, &c., 47, Gambill (oven eo "e°
Gracechurch-street), Loni u.
A PERFECT SUBSTITUTE 17--ORSibTvAI
—CATALOGUE WITH ENGRAVINGS, P„, be told
FREE.—The material is so like silver that it can 07,4113i5!ng
from it on reference to the stamp by persons well e bei
with it. MANY SPURIOUS IMITATIONS 4 durtil:
sold. The genuine metal, which we warrant more it is the
than silver, is only to be had at our Warehouse• opie
same colour throughout, and can be engraved 0,71,,
silver. As a criterion, spoons and forks, full sized to ;„otail.'i
desserts, 10s.; tea, ss. per dozen. The Cattingu,e,l6ll,ll
the prices, with engravings, of every IRONII.I%ny size'
ARTICLE necessary to the furnishing a 1100'1 Of
25 per cent. under any other old established house. A wee'
RIPPON and BUATON, 12, Wells-street, Or-f°r""
Established 1820.

,_,,.„...,...._—__________._—_-,-..-
BIRTHS. -..
tOingr
On the 15th inst., the lady of Thomas Ware, E4(14
land-road, solicitor, of a daughter. rwf rely *S.
On the 17th inst., at St. John's College, w—° i
Wynter, of a daughter. Gabes
On the 17th inst., at Spring-gardens, Mrs. Georg ~
v.
Scott, of a son. rid o,t w-
On the 18th inst., at Rugby, the lady of 4redo
Pigou, Esq., of a daughter. T aT. ilibit6
On the •2(.lth inst., the lady of the Rev. d°ll
Christ's Hospital, of a daughter.
___-----

MARRIRD.
On the 6th inst., at Hill-place, Glasgow, Mr. 'I? °.--dogbilif
ston, bookseller, London, to Mary Eliza Small, does'
of the late Thomas Small, Esq., W.S., Edinburgh. Dr.
On the 17th inst., at St. George's, Hanover-olun-be late
Ruttledgc, of Hanover-street, to Mary Anne, widow O"
Mr. John Ellis, of Prince's-street, Hanover-800c' Jahli
On the 17th inst., at Ashchurch, near TeackeshOrPto SO'
Williams Martin, Esq., of Shobrough, Gloucestershire'f riff
phia, youngest daughter of William Whitehouse, Esq..
-
Ferry, Cheshire. 110/11°°
On the 20th inst., at Hampstead Church, Richard std
Preston, Esq., of Park-street, Westminster, to SAgafin%
daughter of Thomas Sheppard, Esq., M.P., of "--
heath, Middlesex, and Folkington-place, Sussex- virillisal
On the 20th inst., at St. George's Church, the Bev- ooriet,
Niven, incumbent of St. Saviour's, Upper Chelsea, 7
third daughter of the late John Soane,
On the 20th inst., at St. George's, Hsnover-squa: daugh-
Nyren, Esq., of Bromley, Middlesex, Mary, sec° a
ter of S. R. Heseltine, Esq., of the same place.
Esq., of Che se!

DIED.
On the 13th inst., at Brighton, Ann Catherine Gilltnano re-
lict of Daniel Gillman, Esq., aged 81. ibidow's
On the 16th inst., at St. Andrew's, Miss Janet fisdolro
eldest and last surviving daughter of the late Geortre wit/.
Esq_, AI. D. , Professor of Oriental Languages in
On the 18th inst , Robert Wainwright, Esq., of 'ire'
square, aged 78. I to**
On the 18th inst. Susannah, eldest daughter of the a
William Osborne, of 'Fulham, Middlesex. d Willi°
On the 18th inst., at the Thrupp, near Strand,
Stanton, Esq., aged 83. Cr EdW&r.
On the 18th inst.. at Talacre, Flintshire, ---
Alostyn, Bart., aged 57. • Chance,
On the 19th inst., Frederick, fourth son of WOW'
thatyniiv,ivitr
Esq., of Spring-grove, Birmingham. Des VecuS'
On the 20th inst., in Belgrave-square, Lady
wife of Sir Charles lee Voeuz, Bart. Wright*
On the 20th inst., at the City-road, Mr. William_'

London: Printed and Published by /111YRDO YOf,dia
No. 112, Straud, at The Sun Office, No. 112, Sif
the county of Middlesex, Thursday, July 22,151'