The Sun.
London, England, 1840-06-10 00:00:00

SUN, LONDO %.1. WEDNESDAY, 'JUNE 10, IP-10.

ifor the human mind to coneeive.—( Cheers.) Why, tl e e-
fore, he woald ask, did they not all unite ? Why did they
not petition, and petition, and petition again—(Cheers)—
stating that'they bad discovered external circumstances
which ought not to exist in any part of the world ? They
might at one-tenth of capital and labour show the Govern.
ment how they could create another combination of ex-
ternal circumstances without injury to a single individual
in society, and those external circumstances would place
every human being in a condition greatly to be envied
by their Queen, the Prince, and the Aristocracy.—
( Continued cheering.) He pledged himself to that
assembly and to the world that before a month passed
away he would bring forward all the details, end the
whole combination by which this nation, with its surplus
means, should commence a new course, and should
begin to create those circumstances in which alone
human nature, with her extraordinary circumstances,
ought to be founded ; and those external circum-
stances should give a better education to every in-
far,t that should be born than any human being that
preceded it. Those circumstances should give employ-
ment to every child born afterwards ; ignorance should be
blotted out of the world, and poverty should disappear.—
, (Cheers.) Strange as it might appear to those present,
he spoke not the language of a philosopher, or a learned
man who had acquired what they knew at colleges and
schools; he was an untaught men; he had not acquired
his knowledge in the societies of learning, either in that
or any other country ; his knowledge was chiefly acquired
from little children in the first Infant School established.
Those children, when he spoke to them, always spoke
the truth to him, and he discovered from them what
human nature really was. —( Hear, hear, hear.) He
had been a practical man from his youth upwards,
and therefore whatever others might have said with res-
pect to him that he was a visionary, wild, and a little
mad—(Laughter).—he trusted that those present would
not believe it, for those who knew him and had wit-
nessed his proceedings knew that he had been
calm, cool, and collected, that he bad slow,y
examined facts, and carefully studied every sentence
before he uttered it.—( Cheers.) He had more expe-
rience, perhaps, than any human being in the principles
and practice of production and distribution, and he bad
been extremely anxious to find an individual, either in this
country or America, who possessed the combination of prac-
tical knowledge as well as principle, to whom he could have
given the knowledge he had acquired, but he could not find
one, and therefore he had been obliged to force himself for-
ward
in the way he had done, in order that the great
measure might be effected for the human race in the short.
est possible period. If, for the knowledge of these prin-
ciples, he were to be distinguished above all his fellows,
instead of viewing it as an honour, he should consider it
a degradation, as equality of education and condition was
what he had ever advocated. He woo d not detain
them further only to entreat that their watch-word should
be a sound education for every British subject, and pertna-
ment occupation, both physical and mental, after that
education, and as, they grow up
.:n life.—( Cheers.) If all
present would unite, and petition and urge Parliament
to inquire into and investigate the principles
he had laid down, he would undertake to assure them that
their petitions should be answered, ignorance should be
removed, poverty should became unknown, and the fear
of it should no , longer distress any portion of the human
race. (Mr. Owen resumed his scat amid loud cheers
from all parts of the room.)
A vote of thanks to the (Warman was then agreed to, and
Mr. Saul having returned thanks, the meeting separated.
The room was then cleared of the tables, and dancing was
commenced and kept up to a late hour,, very much to the
delight of the female part of the company.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
HIPPODROME RACES---THIS DAY.

The Hippodrome Handicap, of 25 sovs. each, 10 ft, and 5 only,
&c., with 300 sovs. added by the proprietor of the llippo-
drome ; the second to ireceive 50 sovs. out of the stakes.
Nearly two miles, out and home. (31 Subs.)
Mr. V. King's Ruby, 6 yrs, Bst 91b ; Lord Miltown's
Cruiskeen, 6 yrs, Bst 51b; Lord Chesterfield's Prizeflower,
6 vrs, Bst 31b ; Gen. Grosvenor's Dadalus, 5 yrs, Bst ; Mr.
Balchin's Slane, aged, 7st 71b; Mr. J. Day's Canace, 4 yrs,
6st 81b u• I) keq
of Richmond's The Currier, 4 yrs, 6st 81b ;
Mr. Hussey's Red Rose, 4 yrs, Est 81b ; Lord Westminster's
Maroon, 3 yrs, Est 81b; Lord G. Bentinck's Grey Milton,
3 yrs, Est 81b; Mr. Trecn's Fitzroy, 3 yrs, Est 81b; Lord G.
Bentinck's Naworth, 3 yrs, 6st 71b ; Lord Chesterfield's The
Ant, 3 yrs, Est 41b ; Lord G. Bentinck's Dreadnought, 3 yrs,
6st ; Goddard's Columella, 3 yrs, sst 121 b. The rest pay
5 sovs. each.

The Two-yrs-old Sweepstakes of 5 sovs. each, with 30 added ;
colts, Bst 61b, arid fillies, Bst 31b. Three quarters of a mile.
Mr. Stevens's Traitress ; Mr. Treen's b f Novelty, by Peter
Lily, out of Bequest ; Mr. J. Garrard's b c Bird's-eye, by
Maple, dam by Sarpedon ; Mr. Stirling's The Comptroller ;
Mr. Verrall's b c brother to Woodman ; Mr. Faulconer's ch f,
by Velocipede, out of Arbis ; Gen. Grosvenor's Miss Annie ;
Captain Gardnor's b c, by Sheet Anchor, out of Ladv Fulford.
The Bayswater Free Plate of 50/. ; three yrs old 7st ; four,
Bst 111 b ; five, 9st 51b ; six and aged, 9st 91b ; winners this
year, once, 31b ; twice, 51b ; and thrice, 71b extra. Mares
and geldings allowed 21b. Mile heats. The winner to be
sold for 2001., &c.

Mr. Binghnrst's b a Dromedary, 3 yrs ; Captain Freeman's
Carbine, 6 yrs ; General Wyndham's ch f by Nonsense, dam
by Gaberlunzie, '3 yrs ; Mr. Higgins's ch c Bedford, 4 yrs ;
Mr. Whyte's b c Johannes, 4 yrs ; Mr. Verrall's b in Quintel ;
Captain Clark's b m Miss Grey, aged ; Mr. Root's b m Tale-
bearer, t yrs ; Mr. Jones's b h Petrel, 6 yrs ; Mr. Stirling's
Miss Matilda, 3 yrs ' • Mr. Smith's b m Maid of the Mill, 5 yrs ;
Mr. Collins's b f Drogheda, 4 yrs ; Mr. Williams's Robin,
aged ; Mr. 'Teen's br c Fitzambe, 4 yrs.

LAW IN TELLIGEN CE.

COURT OF Q UEEA"B BENCH, JUNE 8.
THE QUEEN V. CAPEL, CLERK.

Lord Denman gave judgment in this case, which was
argued some time ago :—This was an appeal aglinst a
rate made for the relief of the poor .of the parish of
Watford. The defendant, who was the incumbent of
the parish, appealed against the rate, on the ground that
the tithe-owner had been too highly rated with refer-
ence to the other property in the parish. The sessions
had confirmed the rate on all the lands on the estimate of
the rent at which such lands might reasonably be ex-
pected to let for, free from rates and taxes, and deduct
ing from such rent the probable sum necessary for the
purpose of maintaining them in such a state as to com-
mand such rent. The vicarage had been rated thus.
The vicar appeared to have received compensatien for
small tithes from the lands of the parish, calculated at
the amount of 6601., but the rate was calculated to him
on a paymanti to him of 5401., a deduction of 120/.
being made for the amount ot collection, &c. This
rate was in form strictly within the 6th and 7th Wil-
liam IV., c. 96, and if that statute embraced tithes as
well as land the rate would be good. Ilereditaments
was a division under which lawyers would place tithes.
They were demisable at a yearly rent. It was true that
many ot the deduc:ions required to be made from the
rateable value of the property were not commonly inci-
dent to tithes, but still there were deductions
sufficiently similar in their nature, so far as the
principle was concerned. The great principle
was, that all rates must be adjusted on a
system of equality. The Court might not in all cases
be able to work out that priuciple to its full extent ;
but they would try to do so, and would consider the
validity of a rate with express reference to that prin-
ciple. If there had been a failure in the application of
that principle it had been in consequence of calculating
the rate in its aliquot parts, and not as a whOle, and by
the reference to the arbitrary and fluctuating sense of
the terms used on the subject.of the rate. The Court,
therefore, felt that there was no variety in the principle
regulating the making of a rate ; but that principle
was supposed to be liable to an application of a par-
ticular case, and the case of the King v. Joddrell had
been cited to show that land and tithes were under dif-
ferent liabilities as to rating. On that decision the
Court would make a few remarks. That case was er-
roneously supposed .to have introduced a new law on
the subject of rating. On the contrary, it was cited, in
Rex v. Plumstead, as recognising an old principle.
There the titheowner was not allowed a deduction in
the rate of his corn-rent, and the Court held that be
was not rated on the proper principle of the net value of
..the -tithes, but on the amount of the gross sum for
which such rent would let, while the landowners were
rated on the actual rent received by them,, and not in-
clusive of the profit which was known as tenants' profits,
and which it was said ought to be taken as forthing part
of the gross rent for which it would let. On account of
that distinction in •the rating the Court held the rate
bad. The language of the judgment appeared to go
furthet. If the farmer had held the land in his own
bands-be 'tvould, in fact, have nothing to deduct from
his annual produce but the wages of his men. But who
could possibly say that a calculation of the annual value
of his farm, made only after that deduction, would be a
calculation fairly made, and that the worth of his perso-
nal labour, for instance, could be fairly withdrawn from
consideration? The case of the King v. Joddrell. did
not convince this Court that there was any difference
between the titheowner and the occupier of land in the
manner in which his tithes were to be calculated. If
there was anything to thow that the rule thus applied
according to the statute worked an injury on the tithe-
owner he had the same way in which to relieve himself
as the landowner. Under these circumstances the rule
for setting aside the rate must be discharged.

BAIL COURT, JuNs 9.
(Before Mr. Justice WILLIAMS.)

THE QUEEN V. HATFIELD, PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR
OF THE CAMBRIDGE INDEPENDENT PRESS-CRIMI-
NAL INFORMATION.
_ _ _

Mr. FiTzltOY KELLY moved for a rule calling upon Mr.
James Hatfield, printer and proprietor of the Cambridge
Independent Free Press newspaper, " to show cause
why a criminal information should not be filed against
him for publishing libellous articles reflecting on the
character of Henry Peter Stanley, Esq. a magistrate of
the counties of Huntingdon and Cambridge." It ap-
peared from the affidavits that Mr. Stanley resided near
St. Neots, that he had for many years been in the com-
mission of the peace, and therefore he was by virtue of his
commission as a magistrate ex officio a guardian of the
Poor-law" Union. On the sth of March last there was a
meeting of the Poor-law Guardians of the St. Neots
Union, at which meeting Mr. Stanley attended ; there
was also present a gentleman named Dewsbury, who
claimed to act as a Guardian, and take part in the pro-
ceedings of the meeting. Mr. Stanley
,expressed his
doubts as to whether Mr. Dewsbury was qualified to
act as one of the Guardians, and submitted to .the
Chairman of the Union (Mr. Weisford), that before Mr.
D. *as allowed to take part in the proceedings, it ought
to be ascertained whether he was duly qualified to act
or not before the business of the day was proceeded
with. On this suggestion being made to the chair, a
noisy and irregular discuss:on took place, and one gen-
tleman, in particular, addressed Mr. Stanley in the most
improper and most unjustifiable language, and when
he (Mr. Stanley) appealed to the chair, he ima-
gined that he was not protected in.the meaner he ought
to hare been. In consequence of his believing that
the Chairman of the Union had not done his duty in
affording him protection, and other disputes following,
Mr. Stanley sent a statement of facts to the Poor-law
Commissioners, and the consequence was a correspond-
once took place, and ultimately the Poor-law Commis-
sioners instituted an inquiry into all the circumstances
of the case. After the inquiry was concluded, a letter
was received by the Clerk of the Union, from the Se-
cretary of the Poor-law Commissioners, which gave rise
to the present proceedings. That letter stated that the
Poor-law Commissioners were of opinion Mr. Stanley
had not received that protection from the Chairman of
the meeting, held on the Gth of March, to which he was
entitled. At all meetings of the Board of Guardians it
was the peculiar duty of the Chairman to preserve order,
and they(the Commissioners) regretted that discreditable
conduct should have been allowed. They also regretted
the unseemly behaviour and conduct of the Guardians on
the occasion referred to, and concluded by sayin.r
that under the circumstances they had no power to in-
terfere, only to express their deep regret at what had
occurred. This letter was received on the 7th of May ;
on the 9th a meeting of the Guardians was held, at
which it was road, and in the absence of Mr. Stanley
the Board came to several resolutions, which were en-
tered in the minute book, to the effect that Mr. Stanley
had given great trouble to the Union, and that his con-
duct on the occasion in question was most unjustifiable.
That the conduct of Mr. Weilstead, as Chairman, was
perfectly satisfactory to the Guardians, and most
unobjectionable in all respects, and that Mr. Stanley
in his correspondence with the Poor-law Commis-
sioners, had not fairly stated the facts of the case.
Their resolutions were published in the defendant's
newspaper, but not exactly in the words and terms
in which they were agreed to, for in the mid-
dle of one of the resolutions there was an in-
terpolation, and the following had been added :
" Mr. Stanley, in his correspordence with the Poor-law
Commissioners has made gross misrepresentations." The
Learned Counsel said thew words had been, subse-
quently to the meeting, introduced into the resolution,
therefore Mr. Stanley bad a right to call upon the •
Court for protection. He mast distinctly and posi-
tively denied that he had misrepresented any facts , he
denied all the allegations against him, and declared that
he had not been :,uilty of any misrepresentation. As,
therefore, the charge was one affecting the discharge of
his public duty, he trusted his Lordship would grant a
rule.
Mr. Justice WILLIAMS having desired the News-
papers to be handed up to him, said-1 gee the article
complained of appears as an advertisement, and most
probably was paid for in the regular course of business.
Mr. KELLY—It certainly
appears as an advertise-
ment in one paper, and probably was paid for, but in
one newspaper it appears in the form of a paragraph
from a correspondent. Both
papers, against which I
am instructed to move, are extensively circulated in the
counties of Cambridge and
fore, as Mr. Stanley has been attacked in the discharge
Magistrate, his public duty as a agistrate, he considers he is
entitled to a rule.
Mr. Justice WILLIAMS said he had some (butts on
Huntingdon, and there-
the case, but lie would grant a rule to show calse.
Rule nisi granted.
TIIE QUEEN V. THE CAMBRIDGE clinoNxcLr--canti-

NAL INFORMATION.
Mr. F. KELLY then obtained a similar rule against
the printer and publisher of the Ca►nbridge chronicle,
or publishirg the same alleged libel.

-- - - -- Her Majesty will visit the German Opera this
evening, expressly to sec \Veber's opera of Euryanthe.
On Monday the Ist of Jane, a stout beggar,
purporting to be deaf and dumb, was taken to a surgeon by
the police officer of Alnwick, and on examination it appeared
that the ligaments which connect the tongue with the under
part of the mouth had been severed to enable him to swallow
Ids tongue, which was done on this occasion, but by the dex-
terity of the surgeon it was soon demonstrated that the prisoner
was sound, wind and limb ;
in consequence he was locked up
till the Magistrate, Edward Dale, E.,(1., examined him on
Tu°°aY but not a word would he utter ; and finally, after
much trouble and amusement, he was committed to the House
of Correction for one calendar month.—Scotch paper.
kt Ec EIPT FOR A MATCII.—Catch a young
g n' ern.n and laly, the best you can • let the young gentleman
be raw, and the young lady quite tender. Set the gentleman
at the dinner table; put in a good quantity of wine, and whilst
he is soaking, stick in a word.every now and then about Miss ;
this will In 1p to make him boil. When getting red in the gill,
t Lke him into the drawing-room, set him by the lady, and sop
them both well with green tea; then set them at the piano, and
blow the flame till the lady sings; when you hear the gentle-
man sigh, it is time to take them off, as they are warm enough.
Put them by themselves in a corner of the room, or on a sofa;
the e let them simmer to‘vether for the rest of the evening.
Repeat this three or four times, taking care to place them side
by side at the dinner, and they will be ready for marriage when-
ever 30u want them. After marriage, great care must be
taken, as they are apt to turn sour.—lpswich Express.

CHINA.

THE HIGH IMPERIAL COMMISSIONER'S SE-
COND LETTER TO THE QUEEN OF ENG-
LAND.

Lin, 117gli Imperial Commissioner, a President of the
Board of War, Viceroy of the two Keane Provinces, &e.
Tang, a President of the Board of War, Viceroy of the
two Kwang Provinces, &c. &e. ; and
E, a Vice-President of the Board of War, Lieut.- Co-
vernor of Kwantung, &c. &c.
Hereby conjointly address this public despatch to the
Queen (a) of England, for the purpose of giving her clear
and distinct information (on the state of slides), &c. &e.
(b) It is only our high mighty Emperor, who alike sup-
ports and cherishes those of the inner land, and those from
beyond the seas; who looks upon all mankind with equal
benevolence; who, if a source of profit exists anywhere
diffuses it over the whole world; who, if the tree of evil
takes root anywhere, plucks it up for the benefit of all na-
tions ; who, in a word, bath implanted in his breast that
heart (by which beneficent nature herself) govcr :s the
heavens and the earth
You, the Queen of your honourable nation, sit upon
a throne occupied through successive generations by pre-
decessors, all of whom have been styled respectful and
obedient. Looking over the public documents (c) accom-
panying the tribute sent (by }retie predecessors) on va-
rious occasions, we find the following.—
" All the people of my (that is, the King of England's)
country, arriving at the central land for purposes of
trade, have to feel grateful to the great Emperor for the
most perfect justice, ior the kindest treatment," and other
words to that effect.
Delighted did we feel that the Kings of your honour-
able nation so clearly understood the great principles of
propriety, and were so deeply grateful for the heaven),
goodness (of our Emperor):—therefore it was that we of
the heavenly dynasty nourished and cherished your peo-
ple freer afar, and bestowed upon them redoubled proofs of
our urbanity and kindness. It is m. rely from these cir-
cumstances that your country, deriving immense advantage
from its commercial intercourse witleus, which has endured
now two hundred years—bas become the rich and flourish-
ing kingdom that it is said to be
But, during the commercial intercourse which has existed
so long, among the numerous foreign merchants resorting
hither, are wheat and tares, good and bad ; and of these
latter are some who, by means of introducing opium by
stealth, have seduced our Chinese people, and caused
every province of the land to ovetflow with that poison 1
These then know merely to advantage themselves, they
care not about injuring others ! This is a principle which
heaven's providence repugnates 1 and which mankind con-
jointly, look upon with abhorrence. Moreover, the great Em-
poror hearing of it, actually quivered with indignation!
and especially despatched me, the Commissioner, to Can-
ton, that, in conjunction with the Viceroy and •Lieutenant-
Governor of the -Province, means might be taken for its
suppression
Every native of the inner land who sells opium, as also
all who smoke it, are alike adjudged to death. Were we
' then to go back and rake up the crimes of the foreigners,
who, by selling it for many years, have induced dreadful
calamity, and robbed us of enormous wealth, and punish
them with equal severity, our laws could not but award :to
them absolute annihilation ! But, considering that these sad
foreigners did yet repent of their crime, and with a sincere
heart beg for mercy ; that they took 20,283 chests of
opium piled up in their store-ships, and through Elliot, the
superintendent of the trade of your said country, petitioned
that they might be delivered up to us, when the same
were all utterly.destroyed, of which we the imperial COM.
missioner, and colleagues, made a duly prepared memorial
to his Majesty ;—considering these circumstances, we
have happily received a fresh proof of the extraordinary
goodness of the great Emperor, inasmuch as he who
voluntarily comes forward, may yet be deemed a fit subject
for mercy, and his crimes be graciously remitted him I
But as for him who again knowingly violates the laws,
dfficult indeed will it be thus to go on repeatedly pardon-
ing 1 He or they shall alike be doomed to the penalties
of thespew statute I We presume that you, the sovereign
of your honourable nation, on pouring out your heart be-
fore the altar of eternal justice, cannot but command all
foreigners with the deepest respect to reverence our laws I
If we only lay clearly before your eyes what is profitable
and what is destructive, you will then know that the
statutes of the heavenly dynasty cannot but be obeyed with
fear and trembling I
We find that your country is distant from us about GO
or 70,000 miles, (d) that your foreign country ships come
hither striving the one with the other for our trade, and
for the simple reason of their strong desire to reap a profit.
Now, out of the wealth of our inner land, if we take a
part to bestow upon foreigners from afar, it follows, that
the immerse wealth which the said foreigners amass,
ought, properly speaking, to be the portion of our own
native Chinese people. (a) By what principle of reason,
then, should these foreigners send in return a poisonous
drug, which involves in destruction those very natives of
China ? Without meaning to say that the foreigners har-
bour such destructive intentions in their hearts, we yet
positively assert that from their inordinate thirst after
gain, they are perfectly careless about the injuries they
inflict upon its ! and such being the case, we should lake to
see what has become of that conscience which heaven has
implanted in the breasts of all men.
We have heard that in your own country opium is pro-
hibited with the utmost strictness and severity :—this is a
strong proof that you know full well how hurtful it is to
mankind. Since then you do not permit it to injure your
own country, 3ou ought. not to have the injurious drug
transferred to another country, and above all others, how
much less to the central land ! Of the products which
China exports to your foreign countries, there is not one
which is not beneficial to mankind in some shape or other.
There arc those which serve for food, those which are useful,
and those which arc calculated for resale ; —but all are bene-
ficial. Has China ever yet sent forth a noxious article from
its soil ? not to speak of our tea and rhubarb, things which
your foreign countries could not exist a single day without !
If we of the central land were to grudge you what is be-
neficial, and not to compassionate your wants, then where-
withal could you foreigners manage to exist ? And, fur.
ther, as regards youe woollens, camlets, and longells,
were it not that you get supplied with our native raw silk,
you could not get these manufactured ! If China were to
grudge you those things which yield a profit, how could
you foreigners scheme after any profit at all? Our other
articles of food, such as sugar, ginger, cinnamon, &e.
&c., and our other articles for use such as silk piece goods,
China ware, &c, are all so many necessaries of life to you,
how can we reckon up their number) On the other
hand, the things that come from your foreign
countries are only calculated to make presents of, or serve
for mere amusement. It is quite the same to us if we
have them, or if we have them not. If, then, these are of
no material consequence to us of the inner land, what diffi-
culty would there be in prohibiting and shutting our market
against them ?—it is only that our heavenly dynasty most
freely permits you to take off her tea, silk, and other com-
modities, and convey them for consumption every where
without the slightest stint or grudge, for no other reason
but that wherever a profit exists, we wish that it be dif-
fused abroad for the benefit of all the earth
Your honourable nation takes away the products of our
central land, and not only do you thereby obtain fond and
support for yourselves, but moreover, by reselling these
products to other countries, you reap a threefold profit.
Now if you would only riot sell opium, this threefold profit
would be secured to you; how can'you possibly consent to
forego it for a drug that is hurtful to man, and an un-
bridled craving after gain that seems to know no bounds.
Let us suppose that foreigners came from another country
end brought opium into England and seduced the people of
your country to smoke it, would not you, the Sovereign of
the said honourable country, look upon such a procedure
with anger, and in your just indignation endeavour to get rid
of it? Now we have always heard that your Highness
possesses a most kind and benevolent heart ; surely,
then, you are incapable of doing, or causing to be done,
unto another, that which you should not wish another to do
unto you! We have at the same time heard that your
ships which come to Canton do each and every of them
carry a document granted by your Highness's self, on which
are written these words, " you shall not be permitted to
carry contraband goods;" (is this the ship's register?) this
shows that the laws of your Highness are in their origin
both distinct and severe, and we can only suppose that be-
cause the ships coming here have been very numerous, due
attention has not been given to search and examine; and
for this reason it is that we now address you this public
document, that you may clearly know how stern and severe
are the laws of the celestial dynasty, and most certainly
you will cause that they be not again rashly violated!
Moreover, we have heard that in London, the metropo-a
lis a here you dwell, as also in Scotland, Ireland, and other
suull places, no opium whatever is produced. It is only
its sundry parts of your subject kingdom of Ilindostan, such
as Bengal, Madras, Bombay, Patna, Malwa, Benarea, Ma-
lacca O), and other places where the very hits are covered
with the opium plant, where tanks are male for the pre-
paring of the drug ; month by month and year by year
the volume of the poison increases, its unclean stencil as-
cends upwards, until heaven itself grows angry, and the
very gods thereat get indignant I You, the Queen of the
said honourable nation, ought immediately to have the
plant in those parts plucked up by the very roots I Cause
th land there to be hoed up afresh, sow in its stead
the five grains, and if any marl dare again to plant in
th-.se grounds a single poppy, visit Iris crime with the most
se 'ere punishment ! By a truly benevolent system of Go-
re -ament such as this will you indeed reap advantage and
do away with a source of evil I Heaven must support you,
an 1 the gods will crown ou with felicity 1 This will get
for yourself the blessing of long life, and from this will
proceed the security and stability of your descendants!
la reference to the foreign merchants who come to this
our central land, the food that they eat, and the dwellings
that they abide in, proceed entirely from the goodness of
our heavenly dynasty; the profits which they reap, and the
fortunes which they amass, have their origin only in that
portion of benefit which our heavenly dynasty kindly allots
them; and as these pass but little of their time in your
country, and the greater part of their time in ours, it is a
generally received maxim of old.and modern times, that we
should conjointly admonish, and clearly make known the
punishment that awaits them.
We further find that during the second moon of this
present year (i. e. 9th April. 1839), the superintendent of
your honourable country, Elliot, viewing the law in rela-
tion to +he prohibiting of opium as excessively severe, duly
petitioned us, begging for " an extension of the term ee.
ready limited," sly five months for Hindostanandthe,
different parts of India, and ten months for England
" after which they,would obey and act in confiwmiiy with
he new statute," and other words to the same effect Now
we, the High Commissioner and Colleagues, upon making
a duly prepared memorial to the great Emperor, have to
feel grateful for his extraordinary goodness, for his re-
doubled comoassion I Any one who within the next year
and a half 'may by mistake bring opium to this eruntry, if
he will but voluntarily come forward, and 'deliver up the
entire quantity., he shall be absolved from a ) punishment
for his crime I If, however, the appointed term shall have
expired, and-there are sti.l persons wop contippc to bring'
it, then such shall be accounted as knowingly violatine the
laws, and shall most assuredly be put to death, on no
account shall we show mercy or clemency This then al: y

be called truly the extreme of benevolence, and the very
perfection of justice

Our celestial empire rules over ten thousand kingdoms !
I Most surely do we possess a measure of godlike maj sty
which ye cannot fathom ! Still we cannot bear to slay,
or exterminate without previous warning, and it is for
'his reason that we now clearly make known to you the
fixed laws of our land. If the foreign merchants of your
said honourable nation desire to continue their commer-
cial intercourse, they must tremblingly obey our recorded
statutes, they must cut off for ever the source from
which the opium flows, and on no account make an expe-
riment of our laws in their own persoas Let then
your Highness punish those of y. ur subjects who may be
criminal ; do t of endeavour to screen or conceal them, and
thus you will secure peace and quietness to your posses-
sions, thus will you more than ever display a proper sense
of respect and obedienci., and thus may we unitedly enjcq
the common bl :sings of PEACE and 11APP(NESS What
greater j y what more complete felicity than this !
Let your Highness immediately upon tho receipt of this
communication inform us promptly of the stat I of matters,
and of the measures you arc pu,suiog utterly to put a stop
to the opium evil. Let your reply be speedy I Do not on
any account make excuses, or procrastinate I
A most impotent communication.
P. S. We annex an abstract of the new law, now about
to be put in force.

" Any foreigner or foreigners bringing opium to the
ccntral land with design to sell the same, the principals
shall most assuredly be decapitated, and the accessories
strangled ; and all property (found on board same ship)
shall be confiscated. The space of a year and a half is
granted, within the which, if any one bringing opium by
mistake, shall voluntarily step forward and deliver it up,
he shall be absolved from all consequences of his crime."
This imperil edict was received on the 9th day of the
6th moon of the 19th }ear of Taoukwang, (19th July,
1839), at which the period of grace begins, and runs oa to
the 9th day 'of the 12th moon of the 20th year of Taouk-
wang, (15th January, 1840) when it is completed.

The above is a true and correct translation from the
original, to the best of my knowledge and belief.
Macao, 10th Jan. le4o. R. THOM.

(a) In th original Wang, orregulus, implying that
our sover&gn owes feudal homage to the great emperor.
The term hway, to inform an equal, is here used. This
means to say that these high officers address our Queen on
a footing of equality.
(b) The first expressi 1/unu• zed, &c. imp'ies that
the people of a superior country are addr,:ssing an in-
ferior courtry, the reverse is Kung wei, &e.
(c) Perhaps the King's letter sent per Lord Macartney
or Lord Amherst ?

(d) i. e., Chinese miles-20 a 23,000 British statute

(e) The Commissioner has not studied Adam Smith.
Still we ought riot to marvel at the ignorance of a Chinese
mandarin in matters of trade, which, he is taught from his
infancy to despisr! ; two or three. hundred }'ears ago, how
far were we ourselves advanced in the science of political
economy ?
(I) We have been obliged to gues4 at the names of
some of those places.

SPIRIT of the'VUtLiC JOURNALS.

FROM THE DAILY PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. -
(From the Globe.)
Tory zeal for liberty is always an object of suspicion.
Sir Robert Peel has not added to his reputation for
liberality by his conduct at Exeter Hall! nor will .his
party. be reputed the L iends of the press for their late
support of Mr. Feargus O'Connor. As that gentle-
man, on being bought up for judgment, 'offered. in
mitigation affidavits that 6' he had never . sanctioned
physical force," we did not place implicit confidence in his
description of the tortures inflicted on him in York Castle.
That he was subjected for one day to severer punishment
than the law or the Judges intended, is clear; as it is that
as soon as this was known -Lord Normanby instituted an
inquiry, and interfered, so far as the law allowed him,
to remove the undue severity of such confinement.
The Magistrates distinctly deny many of Mr. O'Con•
nor's facts, and state that some of the indignities of
which he complains were the result of his own request.
When first brought to the gaol he was asked whether
he wished to be alone, or to have the company of two
miter prisoners. He chose the latter; and thus the corn.
plaint, that he was made the " companion of murderers
and thieves," is answered. The Southern Star says, that
"the duties which it is stated were performed by hint,
were not imposed upon him. He performed them volun-
tarily; refusing to be exempt from the tasks performed
by those whose fellow-prisoners he had been made." These
sufferings, and those of Messrs. Lovett and Collins, who
prefer remaining in Warwick gaol to entering into their
own recognizances to keep the peace, arc very like the
persecutions of Jack, in the Tale of a Tub, who used to
stand at.the corners of streets, and solicit thwacks and
kicks, and then show the marks to his followers, and tell
them what he had endured for conscience.