The Sun.
London, England, 1841-01-29 00:00:00

TIIE SQUADRON IN CHINA.

Various surmises have been afloat why Admiral El-
liot, apparently, so hastily quitted the Golf of Pe-che-li
and the YellO,V Sea, at the very first promise of good
behaviour on • the part of the Chinese Government.
Our own fear was that his troops, principally sepoys,
unused to ship living, and perhaps repugnant (from re-
ligious scruples) to such food as could be afforded by a
ship, were not in a state for effective operations,
,and
that therefoiw, wisely concealing his weakness. he had
determined to retreat while he could with credit, and
wait for a favourable opportunity of attacking the capi-
tal, or of carrying on his operations against Ningpo and
Nankin, which places, it his troops were effective, ha
may get pcssession of at any time of the year ; but
we are told, by an anonymous writer, of a physical rea-
son why the expedition could Pot remain in the upper
part of the Yello v with which we were not belore
acquainted.
" But there is ene very important circumstance to be
considered in judging of the Admiral's prompt depar-
ture from the Gulf of Pe-che-li, which is entirely over-
looked by, as it was perhaps unknown to, those who so
hastily condemn that proceeding—l mean the physical
obsiacle to • his remaining there much longer—the
hazard to the ships of a protracted stay, owing to the
singular phenomenon which is peculiar to that bay, of
the waters !cavit it, on a change of wind to the north-
east, so shallow that' even vessels of small & aught would
be aground there. When the wind is from the south-
est there is plenty of water : but let the wind chop
round to the north. east, and there wid be only
feet where there were before fathoms. The Sylph,
Captain ,Wallace, in the year 1834 (I think), got aground
owing to this peculiarity, and would have been lost but
for a change of wind. Nov at the date of the last ac-
counts from China, the north-east monsoon was about
to set in, and the ships could not safely remain in the
Gulf of Pc-chc-li.”—Hampshire Telegraph.

REPRESENTATIVE GOVERN-
MENT..

SIR VALENTINE BLAKE'S FOURTH LETTER.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SlR,—Like other venerable institutions, which had
for their object the good of the commonwealth, Poyn•
ings' law wa, invented by succeeding generations to sub-
vert the civil and religious liberties of Ireland ; else
the boasted repeal of that much calinnniated and mis-
understood statute (on a dispassionate consideration
of the harmony between the Crown and the people
which that Act, if rightly construed, was calculated•to
establish—of the noble and generous conduct of the
magnanimous monarch by whom it was suggested, and
the unanimous and grateful adoption of it), would be
justly condemned as an act of folly, if not a perfidious
violation of the public faith.
The lace el Poynings was obviously introduced as a
mere personal resn.iction upon the Power of the Lord
Lieutenant to assemble the Parliament, or to recorn-
mewl measures for its adoption, without the previous
knowledge and approbation of the Crown. It was, in fact,
a security to the people for the perfect enjeyment of their
privileges, and when oceaeinnally. eutpeodede-in succeed.
inglinie's the suspension was looked upon by the people
as a suspension of the Constitution, with intent to
throw odium of some abuse of power upon the local
Government, and accordingly there was no usurpation,
no oppression, no tyranny that could dishonour a King
or a Deputy, or that could defraud and enslave the
Parliament and the people of Ireland, that Was
not resorted so under colour of Poynines' law,
on the pretence that it extinguished the Constitu-
tion of Parliament. Upon this misconstruction of
that statute, a corrupt Court majority always
interposed to refuse the permission of the House to any
Member to introduce any Bill upon any subject what.
ever, even a illoney Bill, which hod not been previ-
ously certified and agreed to, first by the Lord Lieute-
nant and then by the King in Council.
So that, in fact, all law, human and divine, was set at
nought in the first instance, to feed the sordid arid sensual
desires of a jnonstcr, to whose arbitrary will the acts of
the two, Legisletures of England and Ireland were soh-
ordinate,and by whose orders the anti-Christian engraft-
ment of a Protestant Church, without a congregatior,
was reluctantly submitted to with fear anderembling by
a Roman Catholic Parliament and a Roman Catholic
population.
syatem was contrived aed acted upon by Queen
Elizabeth and King James, rho waged a war of exter-
mination against the rights and liberties, as well as the
lives and properties, of the population of Ireland, and
however otherwise and elsewhere pure and
upright the reformed religion may be, in Ireland
thus introduced, forced forward, and fostered by
extortion, confiscation, and persecution on the one hand,
and by inducements of temporal power and advance-
ment on the other, It.ac;ll be described in times not
far distant as no impious ponkery of religion by all
good men, and is so now by the true advocates
of teal Protestantism—for it is slake the- Church of
England except in external farm, and may be compared
in Rpiri: to the acerbity of a convicted harlot in a se-
ecr.lotal habit, seeking, by prostitution and defamation, to
eat OTt money under false pretences ofsaactity and religion,
If Poynings' law had not thus been perverted
to preduce vice and immorality as a substitute for
the national religion, there would never have been
penal laws, corfiscations, exclusive franchise, cor-
pnrate monopoly, or religious discord in Ireland.
The great error in :782 was not to have vindicated
the true interest end meaefrig of Poynings' law—
instead of, by its cendenination and repeal, having as•
seated to the propriety of the misconstruction orsits salu-
tary
enactment. Had this course been adopted there
would }lave been ever since a resident and inde-
riulet,t Parliamean in Ireland, which could not
have endangered the integrity of the empire—all
would have been contentment and loyalty, and there would
have bf2en equally diffused throughout Great Britain
and Ireland a reciprocity of feelieg end interest far
more binding than any legislative enactment (even if
fairly obtained) can ever produce.
It is under those extraordinary and unprecedented
circumstances that the principle of Representative Go-
verement, and the moral effect of the true Reformed
Religioe, have never combined, or been fairly tried in
Ireland—the introduction there of the double onerous
union of a Reformed Citurch with an Unreformed State,
has created, for several successive generations, two
irreconcileeble parties : a majority of the landed proprie-
tors, yoked to a prollic idol, which they consider as the
shield and protector or tat it temporal power and ad-
vancement, worked up to a pitch of teligipus insanity
on the one hand, and the people to a nian, including the
occupying tenants of tho foregoing Church
party, and a most respectable and highly influential mi-
nority of the lords of the soil on the other—and, there-
fore, the only question considered in Parliament by thO
Anti-Reformers, with ref, rence to the Irish franchise,
or to any other measure, is, bow far it will be consist-
ent with, or "'wales:ice the stability of the false Deity
which Lard .9:enlcV represents and worships, without
any regard to the natural feelings, or prejudices of the
bulk of the population—ohjects which ought to be, and
• are, a primary consideration, Vspecially in matters of
with all constitutional legislators, and high-
' minded snitesmen, throughout the civilized world,
I have the honour to be, Sir,
•
Your obliged and obedient servant,
VALENTINE BLAKE.

BRA DFORD MARKET.—There continues a fair
demand for low and middle qualities of combing wools,
and prices, if not higher, are very firm. There is a
very ircliffQrent sato for finer qualities The prospects
of the Yarn market are bettering, and the splicers
are asking higher prices. They are not, however,
generally obtained,-as it-is .impossible .for the,manufactu-
r.ers with their present prices to give au advance. There
is an perage business doing in pieces. The stocks are as
low as we ever remember knowing them at this season.
Prices unvarying.—York Courant.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.

COURT OF CHANCERY, JAN. 28.

The i.o:tn t..,ILANcELLu ttAok motions origivai
causes to-day, none of•VQhich possessed any pint of the leas:
public interest. In several of the canes his Lordship maim:
orders, according to the prayer of the Bill, and others were
struck out, in consequence of neither Counsel nor solicitor ap-
pearing.
The Court rose sliortly after 12 o'clock, his Lordship having
disposed of all the cases in the paper.

ROLLS' COURT, JdIN. 28.
The Court took motions.
GARMIER V. HOWARD.

Mr. PEMBERTON moved in this cane for an injunction to re-
strain the defendant from manufacturing, or exposing to sa'e,
a machine invented by the plaintiff, without having previoqsly
obtained the license and authority of the plaintiff. The plain-
tiff was the patentee of an invention, stated to be an improve-
ment in machines for cutting Swedish and other turnips,
mantel worsel and other roots, used for sheep, horned cattle,
and other animals; and having obtained the letters patent in
1534, he employed the defendant. Mr. Howard, an ironmonger
of Brentford, to sell the machines, allowing him a commission
on the sales. • The defendant continued to sell the machines
and to account to the plaintiff for the profits of the same until
very lately, when the plaintiff discovered that Mr.. Howard
manufacturing aad selling, on his own account, machines
which were in every respect simiar to the plaintiff's. The
plaintiff then caused an application to be made to him on the
subject, in answer to which the defendant stated that he would
meet the plaintiff, and if he found he was wrong, give him a
satisfactory compensation. A place of meeting was accordingly
appointed, but Mr. Howat d did not attend. The plaintiff sub-
sequent'y discovered that the defendant was attending the Agri-
cultural Show in London, in December last, and exhibiting
these machines for.the inspection and admiration of the visitors.
The bill for the injunction was thereupon filed, and the notice
of motion served on the defendant. The Learned Counsel
having read the requisite affidavits in support of the.motion,
The MASTER of the Horms ordered the injunetion to issue.