The Sun.
London, England, 1841-04-23 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY,_APRIL 23, 1841.

LONDON:
FRIDAY, APRIL 23, 1841.

The Peers met last night, and the LORD CHAN-
CELLOR pxesided for the first time since his
illness.

Several Bills and Reports were brought up 1
from the Commons.
The Earl of CHAnTanvILLE occupied their
Lordships' attention for a few moments with re-
butting some imputations which the Marquis of
NORMAN,BY had thrown on his conduct. He had
been accused of employing and trusting a person
of bad character, but that person had been in the
police seventeen years.

The Marquis of NORMAMBY reiterated his
former assertion, that the Noble Earl had been
imposed on, to employ a person of a notoriously
bad character.

The Earl of WICKLOW found the Noble Mar-
quis's explanation not satisfactory ; and the Mar-
quis of WESTMEATH assured their Lordships that
the Earl of CH ARLEVILLE was not a political ad-
♦enturer. He had a house to live in, and re-
ceived his friends in it.

The conversation then dropped. After the
presentation of a few petitions their Lordships
adjourned.
In the Commons numerous petitions for the
abolition of the Corn-laws, for Church extension,
for the abolition of Church-rates, &c., were pre-
sented.

Lord MORPETH announced that the only im-
portant alteration he is prepared to make in
the Parliamentary Voters' (Ireland) Bill, is
to raise the amount of the franchise from a
81. to an 81. rating for counties. Mr. O'CoNNELL
subsequently expressed his regret at the altera-
tion, which he said would get nothing from the
other side. It will probably get something from
Mr. O'CoNxtu.'s own side, as without that alte-
ration it is probable some Whigs would not sup-
port the Bill.

Mr. C. WOOD wished to have some, informa-
tion as to the number of persons rated to dif-
ferent sums, which Lord MORPETH promised as
soon as it can be procured. It has been written
for.

11AivE8 gave notice of a motion for this
day for a return of all corporeal punishments in-
flicted in the British army on a Sunday, within
the last ten years. At the same time he asked
if there were any examples of such a punishment.
Mr. MACAULA Y was glad to have an
opportunity of stating that he had not said
that there were precedents for Lord CARDI-
GAN'S conduct, which was both unfortunate
and culpable. He had stated that there
were precedents of punishment inflicted on the
Sunday; but only under some great exigency, on
a march. In Lord CARDIGAN'S case the punish-
ment might have been postponed till the next day.
Sir H. HARDINGE thought the Secretary of
War's explanation perfectly satisfactory.

The Small Debts and Local Courts Bills were
postponed to 10th May.
In reply to Sir G. Sr-Nettut, Mr. Fox
MAUL-E stated that the appointment of Mr.
CANDLISH, as Professor of Biblical Criticism in
Edinburgh, had been contemplated; but that
gentleman, with other eminent ministers of
the Church of Scotland, had perthrmed duties
in the face of an interdict of the Court of Ses-
sion, and till the decision of the Court was
known, and the proceedings at an end, the ap-
pointment could not be persevered in.
In answer to Sir R. PEEL, Lord J. RUSSELL
stated that no official despatches had been re-
ceived from China.
Lord JouN ItvssEr.t. gave notice of a motion
this day to give
precedence to orders over mo-
flans on Thursday, after June 3d.
Mr.. Gnorn then renewed his motion relative
to New South Wales, which lie brought forward
On the 25th ult , but was unable to come lo a
conclusion, because the House was counted out.
He moved for a Committee for the purpose of
Considering the manner in which the cost of
gaols, &c., is defrayed in New South Wales. The
gist of the Hon. Me,mber's speech went to com-
plain of the improper appropriation of the land
fund, which he said should be wholly devoted
to emigration; of the great increase in the ex-
pense of the colony, from 25,0001. a-year in 1845,
to 100,0001. now; and ofthe bulk of that expense
having been thrown on the colony-.
• The CHANCELLOR Uftlle EXCHEQUER answered
Mr. GROTE. He showed that the colony

already cost the country a great annual sum, and
that the expense of its Government was borne
in a greater proportion by the mother country
than by the colony. The Right Hon. Gentle-
man moved the previous question.
Mr. C. BULLER supported Mr. GROTE'S views,
and strongly urged the claims of the colony.
_ .

Lord IVIAHoN said great distress existed in the
colony, and it was caused by the conduct of the
Home Government. He thought a strong prima
facie case of grievance had been made out. He
was favourable to emigration, and rejoiced to see
that the labouring population are eager to emi-
grate. He supported the motion.

Lord J. RUSSELL said that other colonies were
as well disposed as New South Wales to get
their burdens taken off them at the ex-
pense of the mother country. The lonian
Islands demanded relief; Ceylon and Jamaica
paid large sums ; Government had already ex-
pended a considerable sum in adding to the po-
pulation of New South Wales ; the colony had
been amazingly prosperous, and had now none of
the onerous duties and taxes to pay that were le-
vied on the people of England. He approved of
Mr. WAKEFIELD'S plan, and the Government
was by no means desirous of preventing emigra-
tion to New South Wales.
Sir W. MOLESWORTH took similar views to
Lord MAHON. Since the establishment of the co-
lony, between 70:000 and 80,000 convicts had been
transported thither. He was of opinion that the
proceeds of the sale of lands ought to be wholly
applied to emigration.
Sir R. PEEL was favourable to emigration, but
opposed to charging the finances of the mother
country with an expense of 50,0001. or 60,0001. to
support it. New South Wales had no equitable
claim on the Treasury of the mother country.
The Right Hon. Baronet complained, and very
justly, ofan unhappy disposition in every country
of Europe to prodigality of expenditure.
Mr. WARD supported the motion, and so did
Sir ROBERT INGLIS, though he was sorry to differ
from Sir ROBERT PEEL.

Sir CHARLES GREY and Mr. HUME both
opposed the motion of their Hon. Friend the
Member for London. On a division Mr. GROTE'S
motion was supported by only 8 and opposed by 52.

Lord C. FITZROY then moved for a Committee
to take into consideration the papers relative to
the lonian Islands. The Noble Lord said his ob-
j?.ct was to obtain for the inhabitants of those
islands an impartial administration of justice.
After a short debate, in which Sir HOWARD
DOUGLAS was accused of various pieces of mis-
conduct, and defended, the House divided, and
the motion was lost by 28 to 10. The House Ad-
journed soon after One o'Clock.

The Times yesterday had a long article on the
question, " Why should the Chartists not sup-
port Mr. WALTER?" It began its answers by
stating several reasons why the Chartists should
not support the Ministers. We agree with the
Times that the Chartists have no reason to like
the present Ministers. We admit, and we de-
plore, that they have done little or nothing to
si'dsfy the people. They have not taken
off the bread-tax, they have increased the
expenditure, and they have not allowed the
people to gain political power, so that they might
obtain justice for themselves.
Nay, we will admit, for we have before stated
it, that they on some occasions treated the people
harshly; and very needlessly and unwisely, in
our opinion, consigned a number of them to
prison for what old Tory judge or boroughmon-
ger made laws set down as political offences,
which were very often no offences at all. The
Chartists, therefore, are under no obligation
whatever, to support the Ministers, or a can•
didate who will in general vote with them.

Are they therefore under an obligation to sup-
port a Tory ? Whenever the Whigs outraged
o injured the Chartists, they only acted on
Tory principles. Whenever they did any good
for the people, they acted on their own princi-
ples. Which, let us ask, of the deeds charged
against the Whigs as offences by the Times, was
opposed by the Tories ? Did they exclaim
against the law being cruelly enforced against
the Chartists. Did they make any objection to
the Poor-law and other Commissioners ? Did
they oppose the creation of a rural gendarmerie,
or the law for converting poor-houses into pri-
sons ? Not they. On the contrary, the Tories
on all occasions hounded on the Whigs against
the Chartists, and whatever protection they have
found, they have received from the Whigs.
The Tory journals teemed flay after day with
reproaches against the Government for pusilani-
mity, and for encouraging sedition. If the Tories
had had their will, the Chartist Convention,
whose proceedings we regularly reported, would
have been dispersed by the police, or arrested
by the orders of the ATTORNEY-GENERAL. If
the Chartists have no cause to love the Whigs,
they have reason to hate the Tories.
What then is their duty in the contest for
Nottingham ? We answer, to stand neuter. It
may appear hard to disfranchise themselves, but
that is better than to vote for an enemy. But
will they disfranchise themselves by not voting?
We say no. They will exercise their own
will. They will be able to say, " Neither
of these men is my representative. I will have
neither, I will acknowledge the authority of
neither. I may be compelled to obey the ma-
jority, which I shall at any rate be compelled to
do, but I will protest solemnly against the elec-
tion of either, and for neither will I vote." That
will be rational and high-spirited in the Chartists.
They may, if they like, put up a third man ; that
will mark their reprobation of the principles of
both the Whig and the Tory ; but to vote for the
Tory will be to sanction principles which they
detest more than they detest those of the Whigs.

We do not ask the Chartists to vote for Mr.
LARPENT, unless they approve of his principles;
hut they cannot vote for Mr. WALTER, an ac-
knowledged, undisguised hater of democracy,
without branding themselves as dishonest and
the Charter as a trick. Mr. LARPENT
has declared in favour of a total repeal of the
Corn-laws, of free trade, of the ballot, of a prac-
ticable extension of the suffrage, of shortening
the duration of Parliament, and of a plan of na-
tional education independent of the State priest-
hood. To all these Mr. WALTER is unfavourable,
and all of these are approximations to the objects
sought for by the Chartists. To vote for Mr.
LARPENT is to vote for a Reformer, if not a
Chartist. To
vote for Mr. WALTER is to vote for
a declared enemy of the Charter and of de-
mocracy.

The Times tries hard enough to make out a
case for Mr. WALTER, but all it can my for him,
which is all he can say for himself, is that he is
the opponent of the New Poor-law. His great
objections to that are that it deprives the people
of self-government, and denies out-door relief to
the poor. But the Chartists are not paupers.
Though many of them—honest, intelligent work-
men—are numbered amongst the rate-payers,
there were very few parishes under the old law,
in which they had, in consequence of STURGES
BOURNE'S Act—or some otherToryAct—the smal-
lest control over the disbursement of the rates they
paid. What the Times means by the self-go-
vernment which the New Poor-law destroyed,
was the government of a very narrow oligarchy
in every parish ; from which, though the change
be to a despotism, the bulk of the smaller rate-
payers are happily relieved. The revival of that
oligarchy in every parish, composed of errant
jobbers, is what the Times advocates.

Now, as to relief out of doors. The practice of
giving that was made the means of de-
grading all the workmen into paupers.
Wages were mingled with Poor-rates, and
the oligarchy we have mentioned, paying
their workmen's wages out of rates, paupe-
rized the industrious classes. That was a
most nefarious system, and it was supposed—
whether correctly or not—that it could not
be wholly suppressed but by forbidding relief

out of doors. The object was most wise. It I
separated at once wages from a pauper allow-
ance, and restored the labouring man to a chance
of independence.
If, since the Nest Poor•law has been in exist-
ence, we had had a free trade in corn,
and our country had been prosperous—as the
ALMIGHTY, by endowing our people with great
skill and industry, intended it should be
had no persons been required to take
refuge in poor-houses but those whose re-
latives and friends, though well to do, declined
to support them, or who had no relatives and
friends, the condition of not giving relief out of
doors would never have been found onerous,
while the great reduction of rates consequent on
a more prudent management would have en-
abled and encouraged the rate-payers to take
ample care of the few poor that were thrown on
their hands. Most of the workmen with
whom we have conversed on the sub-
ject, have approved of this change on prin-
ciple, and nothing could have made it
work ill but the wide-spread distress and want of I
employment which have been caused by the
Bread-tax, and other similar restrictions on
trade. But for the Corn-law the New Poor-law
would have been a blessing to the lower class of
rate-payers, who under the old law never had a
voice in the management of parochial affairs.
Whatever may be its characteristics, it is quite
as much a Tory as a Whig measure, and Mr.
WALTER would be as little able to procure its
repeal in Parliament as out of Parliament. The
Times knows both these circumstances ; but Mr.
WALTER is tired of labouring in obscurity, and
therefore he is anxious to address the pubi.iQ
from the floor of the House of Commons. To
attain that end, the Times does not hesitate to
misrepresent both men and things, describing
the Poor-law as a Whig measure, and Mr. LA It•
PENT as a nominee of the Treasury. It is, how-
ever, so notorious for its assertions, that the
Chartists will not, for one moment, be taken in
by the lip homage of the avowed champion of
the Church and of the aristocracy.

If one of the red men of the American forests,
exposed as they all are to continued privations,
and obliged to go through all the wearisome toils
of the chase to procure food and clothing, could
be put down in Mr. MnunsLEY's machine manu-
factory, and made to comprehend the vast utility
of the beautiful and polished works he would
there behold ; if he could be made a spectator of
the many processes which intervene between
lifting a few dingy, brown, or yellow-coloured
stones out of the bowels of the earth, which are
to be converted into iron, and the perfect steam
engine as it went forth from Mr. MAUDSLEY'S
hand ; if, after comprehending all these, ai d
tracing all the thousand works which, after many
months, result in the beautiful piece of mechan-
ism, he could afterwards see that at work pro-
pelling a great ship across the Atlantic, or spin-
ning millions of yards of twist, or weaving scores
of webs of cloth, or turning twenty pair of stones
to grind corn, and if he could learn to compre-
hend the ease by which a great multitude of
human beings, by the help of this machinery, at-
tain in abundance and comfort, that food and
clothing he struggles through night and day to
win, and then rarely has enough—he must be
struck with wonder, approaching, we think, to
that sublime awe with which a HERSCHEL con-
templates the immeasurable phenomena of the
skies.. For the due Appreciation of the vast power
created, he need not pass from under Mr. MAUDS•
LEY'S roof. He will there see a steam-engine as
neat and polished as a lady's jewellery, giving
motion to several lathes, and he may see the
solid metal in which, with all his art and strength
he could not make a dent, shaved or sliced off as
if it were no harder than putty. If he were
afterwards to visit the atelier of CHANTREY or
the studio of LANDSEER, and there see the
finest works in marble, and the finest pictures
\ which these admirable artists have produced, we
fancy, however much he might be pleased with
I
these perfect works, that his admiration and won-
der, remembering that he himself had rudely
executed some likenesses in wood, and daubed
them over with colour, would fall far short of
the admiration and wonder he felt at the works of
the mechanist. If such a man could be made to
comprehend all the beneficial results of machi-
nery, and see how limited was the utility and the
enjoyment conferred by sculpture and painting,
he would undoubtedly conclude that machinery
was ten thousand times more important and more
valuable to society than statues and pictures.

If he were so struck with wonder and admira-
tion at what we may call the master-art of civi-
lized life, were duly penetrated with a con-
viction of its immense importance to society,
and were at the same time aware that Govern-
ment is constituted to promote the welfare of all,
he would conclude that it was impossible for the
Government to do too much—provided all it did
were judicious—to improve and extend this
useful and, in its results, most elegant art. It
he were aware of the academies formed, and
bounties bestowed, and honours and rewards
showered by Government to encourage painting
and sculpture, he would naturally expect that
colleges for the education of engineers, museums
for the storing up of models, apprentice work-
shops for drilling the next generation of workmen,
provided with drawing, chemical, and mineralo-
gical schools, and all that could contribute to the
success of the art of the founder, the smith, the
wheelwright, &c., &c., should abound in every
town. His astonishment at the conduct of the
Government would probably be commensurate
to his admiration ofour machinery, when he learnt
that there are no such things; that the Govern-
ment which has established, at a great expense,
a national museum of nicknacks, and a national
gallery containing some doubtful works of
art, has done nothing whatever for the edu-
cation of engineers and mechanics, and the
improvement of machinery. It has established
and supports colleges for the education of casuis-
tical and arrogant priests, whose great business
is to enrich themselves; it has established acade-
mies for encouraging painting and sculpture, but
it has not even patronised mechanics' institu-
tions, nor bestowed any honour on the makers of
machinery. The painter of a picture is made a
Baronet or a Knight, and ushered into the ranks
of nobility ; the maker of a steam-engine ob-
tains all his reward from his customers. Our red
friend, when he came to understand this, would
suppose that Government had totally misunder-
stood or neglected its duties.
Now suppose that our red friend was carried
to the House of Commons, and introduced into
the Committee-room where Mr. M. PHILLIPS
presides over some fifteen gentlemen, including
such renowned lawmakers as Sir R. PEEL, Lord
F. EGERTON, and Viscount SANDON, and there
nt
e, Mt
wary. had F
of those who manufacture ma-
EL
cll studiously
learnt from the evidence of Mr. J. D. HIJME,
Mr. ASHTON, Mr. RIDE, Mr. DEAN, Mr. Wr-
THEItml: luNd'iou&sely. &e:
laid tliimatpetdhierne(n-iets-
ivierien nery, had passed laws to prevent them reaping
those rewards from customers which the Go-
vernmentthein nfer Nn,m r hma okui
gh t a
no
df gs
ei vl had
their
bited
ma-
chinery
ng
to the best advantage, and had by the
prohibition driven out of the land many of the
inducingFrarie them
Holland
Ittuol d s tsa
et
if.;aacnt
do i ens
ni
ingenious and skilful men who make this ma.
d
chinery,
Belgium,
Prussia, so as to supply the market there, and
enable them, when working abroad, to supply
North and South America,—suppose our red
friend, filled with admiration of
hadfourmachinmeroysi
were to learn that the Government
unjustly, as well as impolitically, interfered to
to e and had,
pprroedvenneet thentihacehibneesrtnakadervsanfit.aogm, selling their
in fact, plundered them to enrich others,
he would conclude, not that the Govern-
ment were ignorant or negligent, but that it had
been diabolically active, and the great enemy

of the best interests of society. Such, however,
is the case. It has been proved before the Com-
mittee that the most ridiculous and absurd legis-
lation prevails on the subject—that some ma-
chines cannot be exported, and others tan—that
sometimes permission can be obtained from the
Board of Trade, and at other times it cannot, to
export different articles—that Custom-House
officers have to examine and stop machinery
about which they know nothing—that the Board
of Trade, which gives or withholds permission,
knows little or nothing about the machines it
allows to go or retains---that the laws) 14p a all
such stupid laws, are evaded---ar,d that the great
object contemplated, a selfish and nasty object,
of not allowing the knowledge and use of this ma-
chinery to extend to other countries, has complete-
ly failed, and that the Government has only done
injury, without even obtaining the end it sought.
It is, indeed, amusing to read the account of the
manner in which the smuggler corrects the
errors of the Legislature ; it is amusing to see
the panting, struggling lawmaker endeavouring
to counteract the smuggler; and it is amusing to
see him fail, and the smuggler undertaking to
export even "Edinburgh Castle, if any body
would pay him for it." It is not merely amusing,
it is satisfactory to see such miserable peddling
legislation rendered utterly vain.

On some future occasion we will quote parts of
the evidence,—at present it behoves us to remark
that we are not desirous that the Government
should interfere to encourage the progress of ma-
nufacturing machinery, except by setting the trade
entirely free. It will not, and cannot otherwise
do any good. The evidence makes it abundantly
clear that English workmen have become, with-
out the encouragement of the Government, the
first in the world—we doubt if as much can be
said of our artists and we therefore have
no wish that the Government should under-
take the patronage of machinery. It has
struggled through many difficulties to great su-
periority, and we are not sure that the patro-
nage of Government might not have been more
injurious even than its prohibitive legislation.
One fact is perfectly clear, from contrasting the
perfection of our machinery with the imperfec-
tion of legislation. That which the people do
by themselves, and for themselves, is in a man-
ner perfect. What the Legislature pretends to
do for them is the veriest botch that imagination
can conceive. Yet the wise people, wise at least
in all that concerns the works of their hands,
blindly submit to have their best interests de-
stroyed by unthinking men, who, without know-
ing the use of machinery—perhaps having never
seen much of it—undertake to make laws to
regulate its exportation, and prevent the skilful
makers from carrying their products to the best
market.

We must do Mr. MACAULAY the justice to
notice that he spoke last night in somewhat
stronger terms of reprobation of Lord CARDI-
GAN'S conduct than previously. He styled it
culpable. He admitted, too, that the only ex-
amples to be found of punishments on Sundays
were cases of great exigency, and they are very
rare. We are glad to see that the Right Hon.
Gentleman has got a new light, which has en-
abled him to see a portion of the gross error he
committed.

The conduct of Lord CARDIGAN, by the Right
Hon. Gentleman's admission, is now without the
shadow of a justification. No such enormity, we
may safely assert, was ever before practised. As
yet, too, it has been unrebuked, save by the
press. The military authorities seem to approve
of it. Surely the public will not allow it to pass
so into oblivion. Those who think the Sabbath
ought to be kept holy, and who petition Parlia-
ment to pass new laws to prevent it being dese-
crated, ought, in consistency to petition Parlia-
ment, to address the Crown to dismiss Lord Ca R-
DIGAN from its service. If the public allow his
conduct tv pass without some such proceeding,they
will sanction a more odious and wanton desecration
ofthe Sabbath,by authority, than was probably ever
before heard of. Now that the public have Mr.
MACAULAY'S authority for pronouncing the Earl
of CARDIGAN'S conduct to be wholly unwarrant-
able, and without precedent, they are bound
to get him removed from the army. His presence
contaminates and degrades the whole service •
Let the reader only study the table of punish-
ments in Lord CARDIGAN'S regiment, which ap-
-peared in The Sun of this morning, and he will be
at once convinced that this Noble Earl is as
great a martinet as he is regardless of the public
feelings.

We rejoice to find that the people of Man-
chester are determined to allow neither Whit,-s
nor Tories rest till free trade is established. A
meeting of the Chamber of Commerce was held
yesterday, and attended with most important re-
mits. After some strong resolutions had been
-greed to, the Chamber appointed a deputation,
consisting of two Tories and two Liberals to
wait upon Lord MELBOURNE and Sir ROBERT
PEEL, and lay before them the urge it
demands of the manufacturing body without
dist:nction of party. The names of the gentle-
men are—J. B. SMITII, Esq., President; HENRY
ASHWORTH, Esq., HOLLAND HOOLE, Esq., and
ROBERT GARDNER, Esq. Let other towns
throughout the kingdom show the same unani-
mity, and ere long monopoly will be mentioned
only as an old almanac.

The Paris Papers of Wednesday have been re-
ceived, but there is little in their contents to
;ratify public curiosity. The Constitutionnel
concludes a long article on the changes in the
Turkish Cabinet with the following observa-
tions:—

" If, as we are told, the change of Ministry in Turkey is
a victory for Russia, Russia has had a personal interest in over-
turning Resehid Pacha and Ahmet Fethi Pacha. England
must feel uneasy at this, and a conflict must become more
probable or more imminent. If we had remained in our state
of isolation we should be perfeetly indifferent to these possiblc
divisions, or we might even congratulate ourselves on them.
But now that M. Guizot has bound France to again enter into
alliance with other Powers, these divisions, far from being an
advantage, become a source of danger to her, for, as M. Thiers
remarked, we are no longer free, we have no longer a choice
of alliance. If the Dardanelles should happen to be threatened,
we should be obliged to unite with England against Russia,
to assist the very Power that joined Russiaagainst us. If then
this change of Ministry is a proof of a grave disagreement ice-
tween these two Powers. it also makes manifest the weakness
and want of foresight of M. Guizot's policy ; for if our adver-
saries profited by their momentary union to turn matters to our
prejudice, M. Guizot has rendered it impossible for France to
reap any advantage from their divisions.'
We do not see in what way isolated France
could profit by a present disagreement between
England and Russia. M. THIE.Fts contends that
both have insulted France, and in that case the
choice of one or the other as an ally cannot be
accounted worth much by our fire-eating Gallic
Contemporary. _

Tint TURKISH CABINET.—Said Pacha, who has been ap-
pointed Minister of Commerce for the second time, generally
passes half the day at prayer, and part also he divides
between the study of astrology and the Koran. What remains
he devotes freely to public affairs. His faith in astrology is so
strong, that he consults the stars on the most trifling Occasion.
On his installation into office he sacriticed a number of rams,
which inundated the court-yard of his residence with blood.
It was Said Pacha who wished to retard the entry of the Turk-
ish fleet on its arrival at Constantinople, under pretence that a
fleet should never enter port on Friday. In other respects he
is an honest man, and extremely affable—a rare quality in a
Turk of the old school.
Tahir Pacha, the new Admiral, has travelled much in Eu-
rope, and speaks Italian well. Unfortunately his character
has not been refined by intercourse with civilized Slates. He
put his son to death for haying drank wine. Sultan Mali-
:noud, in order to correct him, invited him to dine at the Pa-.
late, and ordered a large clish of baklava, a kind of Turkish
p istry to be set before him. Tahir Pacha ate until he was sa-
risfied, and then ceased; but the Sultan invited him to
continua until he was obliged to pray to be excused.
•4 What. !" said the Sultan, frowning, 4. you ask to be excused
;vhen you have eaten a few si oonfu!s of baklava, and you have
no pity for the poor wretches to whom you apply the bastinado
without mercy ! Begone, and be. assured that the eye of
my imperial justice shall be ever fixed upon your conduct."
CI RCASSIA.—The last news from 'fiflis is anything but fa.
vourable for the Russian. They have been driven from the
north of Daghestan by the celebrated chieftain Shamil I3cy,
and obliged to abandon for the present the south banks of the
Terek and the Toundja. The Russian frontier has also been
repeatedly laid waste by the Lcsghians and neighbouring
hordes, who have shown themselves on the other side of those
rivers, menacing even the towns of Mosdock and Elizabetgrad.
The Russians are preparing for vigorous hostilities on the
fleorgian side of the Caucasus, whilst it appears partly certain
.that they have done nothing good during the last year on the
c°4t or Abascia. lho Cireassians have lately taken two of
their fortresses, and were preparing to attack a third. The
war in the Caucasus may be further than ever from a termi-
nations unless the Russians consent to snake peace. They

incur immense losses, the expense is enormous, and the success
nothing.
WAR PREPARATIONS IN FILENeII
phorc de litat.eeibYs t l tl• states, that the French army
at f:?r,ttk htd been lately reinforced by 6,000 men. A strong
division is to ascend the valley of the Cheliff, and form a
junction with the main body of the army, above Medcah.
Thence those united forces are to proceed to des'roy Mascara,
Tazza, and Tekedempt. he expedition is to commence its
march early in May, and to remain out two months. Gentral
Bugeaud has orders tts strike a decisive IdoW, attrl main the
rower of Abd-el-Kader in the west of the Regent*}:
Such immense quantities of earth I?ave gi.ien way at the
scarp and counterscarp of the triateb bastites and curtains of the
entrenched camp est' k.11;2, bridge of Flanders, that it has become
necssary apply a system of shoring, which will cause an inn-
'.ease additional expense. And this is not all. It is known
that it was intendod to spare the expense of a facing to the
counterscarp wall, in consequence of the earth every where
giving way at the bridge of Flanders; at La Petite-Yallette, at
Pantie Res, St. Gervais, and Belville, they talk of facing all
the counterscarp. This one thing alone will nearly double
the expense of the masonry. The masons' work at the bridge
of Flanders will be begun this week.—Le Commerce.
The Journal le Francais de le Oriest informa us that Mea-
SUreShave been taken to prevent the insolent depredations of
the English on the coast.
" The alinister of Marine has undertaken to the Maritime
Prefect of Cherbourg to detach instantly to the bay of St.
Briene a guard ship, and to prevent the English fishermen
from dredging for oysters within the limit of three miles,
formed by the ninth article of the Convention of the 2d Aug.,
1839; at the same time to superintend the French coasts, in
conjunction at the armed pinnace stationed there.
" The Minister of Marine announces that a plan proposed
fur the resuscitation of the oyster fishery has been adouted; he
may therefore hope that the oyster fishery at St. Briene may,
by good management, become a source of wealth to the coun-
try."—Le Courrier Francais.
The National, on the 16th instant, published letters from
correspondents, proposing that persons who approved of the
political principles of that journal, and sympathised with it
for the prosecutions it bad lately undergone before the Cham-
ber of Peers, should purchase an extra number of copies in
order to afford it some indemnification for the losses it had
thereby sustained. The Procureur de Roi has judged the
publication of these letters to be an offence against the laws
of Sep' ember, which interdict any paper from publishing bats
of subscriptions to defray fines imposed on them in conse-
quence of political prosecutions, and an assignation has been
issued to the responsible editor to that effect.
The Magdeburgh Gazette mentions the arrest at Weimar
of a young German, who had two years ago returned thither
from Paris, on suspicion of having formed part of an asso-
ciation of young Germans, in the French capital, known to
entertain anarchical designs against several German princes
and States. "It was the French Government," this paper
adds, " which discovered the existence of the association and
its objects, and gave information thereof to the German
authorities. A native of Weimar, and another German,
belonging to the association, have been arrested in Paris, and
given up to the German police.. Many fathers of families
in this country, who have sons at Paris, are in great apprehen-
sion for them, lest they should be compromised in the asso-
ciation."