The Sun.
London, England, 1823-02-25 00:00:00

THE COLONIES.

CANADA.
We have received the Quebec Gazelles to the
16th ult. inclusive, and from which we shall give
shortly some extracts.

Extract of a.ktter dated ilmherstburg, U. C. Dec. 1822.
" There has been some stir this winter in consequence of the
Tobacco trade. NeXt Spring I think there will not be less than
one hundred Hogsheads shipped from hence. The Lower Ca-
nada Merchants will soon have to find us other markets than
Montreal and Quebec, for the quantity will increase at least
tenfidd the year after."
The information contained in the above extract is very im-
t:tt, and comes from an authentic source. The To-
ea:is said to be even of a better quality than Virginian,
and will probably soon become another valuable staple in
the commerce of his Majesty's - North American Colonies.
To lessen the expellee of bringing it to market, a canal i
communication between the Lakes Erie and Ontario s re-
quisite. We are happy to observe that this subject be-
gins row to excite the public attention, and we trust it
will not be lost sight of until fully accomplished. A prac-
ticable water communication by way of the St. Lawrence
from the Atlantic to the great Lakes, would speedily develops
the vast commercial resources of Upper Canada, and augment
the demand fot.British manufactures in remote parts of Arne-
rice, now rapidly increasinin population and wealth. Per.
Imps no Country in the worlds favoured with such natural fad.
lities for a great inland navigation as the Cantulas; and cer-
tainly nn country offers greater inducements for the investment
of Stock to be applied to the 'removal of such obstructions as
exist.

QUEBEC, JAR. 16.—0 n Saturday last at 10 o'clock, the
Honourable Colonel De Salabarry, accompanied by the Hon.
curable Mr. Justice Bowen and the Honourable Colonel Tas.
chereau, with the other Members of the Committee of the
Inhabitants of this District,. petitioning against The Legisla-
tures of the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada. waited by
appointment on his Excellency the .oovernor.in-Chief on the
part of the said Committee, and of the Committees of the other
District of this Province, with the Petition of the Inhabitants of
Lower Canada, against the said bill, praying His Excellency to
transmit the said petition to be laid at the foot of the Throne,
when His Excellency was pleased to comply with their wishes
and inform the Committee, thdt he had caused a dispatch
to be prepared on the same terms as- that which had accom-
panied the petitions in favour of the said Bill, and that it would
be delivered tq the Committee.—This day Mr. Neilson, one of
the Agents of the petitioners, left this City with the petitions on
his way to join the other agents, and proceed to England via
New lork.

" And can we suppose that this war being made against
principles, it is not made directly against Portugal, when Por-
tage has adopted the same principles, and labours together
with Spain to destroy absolute power, and consolidate the sys-
tem of a temperate Monarchy with a constitution and national
representation ? Whu can suppose it ? Only he who is blind,
or who purposely shuts his eyes.
" It is therefore necessary that the true Portuguese patriots
should consider as the enemy of their institutions, and conse-
quently of their independence, the first French soldier who shall
set his foot on the south side of the Pyrenees . and -in this
case it is imperiously necessary not only to organizet the forces
necessary for.our defence, but likewise to provide means for
the support of the defenders.
" Whatever may be the means at the disposal of the Go-
vernment for this purpose, I am of opinion that every thing is
necessary when-we have to support a cause so noble and of
such general interest ; and I therefore propose--
"'hat the Diplomatic Committee (or another appointed for
the purpose), asking the necessary information, or conferring
with the Ministers of the King in person, shall form its opinion
on the following points, afterwards to report to the -Cortes,
which shall deliberate on this Report;--
" 1. Whether, besides the :Military force which the Cortes
have tletermined, it will be necessary to form innue4iiitely
corps of reeervetif 20 or 25 battalions of light troops. •
2. Whether the Cortes can be informed how fur the treaty•
of defensive alliance with 'Spain is advanced, and what are the.
obstacles to its final conclusion.
" 3. Whether it will be proper immediately to form a pa-
tional guard for the 'emulous cities of Lisbon and Oporto, to
do the necessary duty for the public security, in case the re-
gular troops should have to take the field.
" 4. Whether it is necessary to provide for the public secu-
rity, and prevent its being interrupted, by stronger and more
efficacious nieans. When the French Cabinet resolves to in.
vade Spain with 50,000 or. 100,000 men, it must necessaryy.
place much dependence on intestine enemies, who represent
as easy to subjugate their country ; and, perhaps; only wish-
for support.
" 5. What are the means which the Cortes ought to give to
the Government,- to enable it to put in practice the most rigor-
ous system of defence, not only to pay the troops, and supply
them with ammunition and provisions, but likewise to give rc-
wards to those whose services shall merit them.
" I farther propose, that the Committee shall give, its opi-
Ilion to the Cortes on these points (and any others which it may
judge proper,) Ulan extraordinary sitting, within three days at
the farthest ; that it shall be then considered which of those
measures sliall be discussed in public, and which hi secret sit--
tings ; and that those sittings be then immediately fixed by the
President, that the Deputies may have time to reflect on this
interesting subject.
(Signed) " JOAQUIN FERREIIIA DE 3IOURA.
". Palace of the Cort9s, Feb. 10, 11123."
The honourable Member proposing that his motion should
• be considered as urgent, was supported by above two thirds of
the Members, who rose at once; it was therefore read a se-
cond time, and the mover supported it in a speech, in which
be observed, " that though the danger seemed remote, yet it
was proper to think of preparing against it, while we have time
to. consider maturely.
" The last scene of the drama seems to have arrived, which
three oppressive Powers have exhibited in various European
Congresses, since the time of their first meeting at Vienna in
1815. This last scene tends to show the ittet efforts or barba-
rism agai.• -t civilization, and at' tyranny against li bertY•
" France, instigated by an ithplacable faction, attempts to
interfere by arms in the internal atrairs of Spain; Portugal
(though nut named) is included in this aggression, since it is
not their territory, but principles, that are the object of this
insolent, hypocritical, and most unjust attempt.
" And while Spain is providing arms, people, ammunition,
and money, shall we be still ? is,o. it is necessary to show to
every body y that the analogyof the institutions of the two Pe-
ninsulal. Powers has made them Contract a bond of the strictest
alliance, for their common defence against the barbannes ty.
ranny of the European oligarchs, and that one of them must
rise in the defence of the. other, since the independence of
one cannot perish without the destruction of the independence
of the other.

" " What do these Kings seek ? They tell us very clearly.
No comment is necessary. They seek to consolidate- the
system of sereiiimei, to replace on the throne of privileges civil
aristocracy and sacerdotal aristocracy. Neither Spain nor
Portugal can suffer. this. I, at least, will die in the struggle;
anti, content to sacrifice my life, to so noble a cause, I prefer
death to any concession in this respect.
" Consequently, let us proceed to filets, and leave the mighty
sounds of loquacity. Force and means—this is the object of
our dints. To make it plan fora great force is nothing—we
must provide effectual means for its subsistence: We have a
deficit in the current expences ; we cannot, therefore, expect
those means from the Treasury : still less can wo expect them
• from the people, who are burdened ; or from the merchants,
who are distressed. Let us apply, then, to the rich and pri-
vileged classes; those who have hitherto lived by -privileges
ought to provide for the expellees which are necessary to us.
MI this should he included in the report of the .Clommitteet I
reserve myself till then : we shall see whether there ate means,
and whether there is force to go and seek them where they
to be found."
It being resolved by the above two-thirds of the Assembly,
that the motion should be immediately discussed, it was sup-
ported by Messrs. Borges Cerneiro, tie Silveira (this Mem.
ber proposed to keep at home the expedition intended for Brazil),
Fonseca Rangel, Castello Branco, and other Meintiere. It wa.,l
resolved rim refer the motion to a Special Committee.
In the same sitting,. M. Castello Branco proposed to suepejed
the expedition to Bahia. The Assembly resolved not to tplit
this proposal to the vote.
M. Pereira Pinto proposed, first, that all citizens frcien the
age of 10 to 25, anti qualified for the service; are liable to be
taken as recruits ; secondly, the corps of militia shall kie raised
without delay to the full complement, according to 0.,e regula.
tion.—Remained for the second reading.
Senhores Imvies Manner°, Fonseca Range), JO, e Liberaeo,
Bernardo da Silviera, and :Ileum, were appointea. members of
the Committee to report on the motion of Sr. Altrara.
In the Name sitting, Sr. Joao Francisco di,: Oliviera, after
allowing, in a.long and unimatetl discourse, 'ay.:impropriety of
representing the Brazilian Provinces as in rel3illion, read a long
motion, tending to the renewal of Amicable t.nd commercial re-
lations without loss of time.
In the sitting of the 12th Sr. Maned de !Awed° brought for.
ward a motion, which was referred to the= Committee appointed
to consider that of Sr. Moura, to the effect that all Commanders
of the four Military Orders should give', up.to the Public Tree.
sury three parts of the net receipts of flair Commanderies; the
Ecclesiastical Corporetions, three pi rts of their revenues ; the
Bishops arid Archbishops, the excee's of their revenue Itbour four
centos of tees, &c.

LtsuoN, Fur. 14.---1 t h reported by accounts
from Spain'', received todiay, that a remonstrance
had been made by Sic``William A'Court, on the
subject of the remor al of King Ferdinand to
Cadiz, which the Co rtes are said to require. Sir
Williadt is stated ko have declared, that, if the
Cortes persisted, b e should be under the necessity
of demanding hi passports,

" One must have struck •men of sense. In
1814, some eminent persons took upon themselves
the initiation, and, as the most considerable among
them expressed himself, the responsibility of the,
revolution which restored to France the shoots of
the ancient dynasty. Public notoriety has
marked out as such, the Prince de Talleyrand,
the Duke of Dalberg, General Dessolles, the.
Marquis de ,laucourt, Baron Louis, and the Arch-
bishop of Malines. In 1815, they all remained
faithful to their work, broken as it was by the.
storm ; and the Monarchy, a second time re-
suscitated, leant upon them.
" In what ranks do we now see those men ?
The answer to this question is important. Woe
to him who does not perceive in it a salutary ad-
monition !

" If, in casting an :eye over Europe, we en-
. deavour to learn what are the views of that
England which was so extolled in the days of
gratitude, we shall find that, the Prince to whom
• the august refugees of Hartwell said, on leaving
.
the hospitable-1544-j that next to• Ond he
bad •dontributed-most to those great results,' is
the very same of whose disapprobation and oppo.
sition Lord Liverpool has recently informed us.
Thus at home and abroad, the present Counsel. 'ors must see at the head of their adversaries all.
who laboured*bring about the two-fold acces-
.Sion of the7Roynl House.7-These facts certainly,
make a disclosure. They teach in the first place
that the opposition is calumniated when it is. re-
presented to the reigning family as its enemy :
-perhaptthey will also infortll whoever may in
vestigate them, that the restoration has rashly
stepped out of the circle drawn around it by the
events which gave it birth.
" The pages of• the 41'willow are the archives
wherein the past speaks with all the •sentiments
which belong to it. Open the records, and it
will be seen that in 1814 France was afflicted by
two great evils—arbitrary power and war. What.l
were the reproaches which all voices then raised
against the fallen potentate ?—his despotism and
his victims. Whet didthe subject ask, and what
did the Prince promise 3—Peace and liberty.
4 4 The sentiments of the Bourbons then con-
curred, on these two aliments" of their powsr,
with the wish of France. What was inscribed
on their banners 3—' No more conscription
No more 1)roi/s riunis?' l'hat is to say, the
return of peace, the eautucipation of foreign
commerce and internal industry : but the new
auspices were calculated to excite some alarm, for
France was equally averse to both things:—the
warlike character of the empire, and the govern-
ment of the etnigraqon.
" Monsieur came. His Royal Highness said,
that ' nothing yells changed—that there was
only one French/oar, more among us.' This was
a happy phrase/ The wise and noble sentiment
soon obtained -the sovereign's confirmation the
declaratioo °ESL Ouen was the first act of Royal
authority.

"The Icing's Goserurnent was pledged from
time, for rad, to adhere 'to the principles and in-
terests for which the Charter was about to be
given. There could be no doubt as to the nature
of thor,e interests and principles; for it has never
yet Nen said that La 'Vendee fought for the
ests'ulislitnent of a representative Government.
''';Europe understood the restoration, as the
Dourhons and as we understood it. Austria and
rA'russia, which were twice witnesses without
being participators in this grand scene, wished
above all things to obtain guarantees of recon-
ciliation and repose. What these powers wanted,
was the assurance that our factions, tempered by
the wisdom of our Princes, should no longer tor-
ment the wearied world with their military rest-
lessness. The Emperor Alexander, who alone,
and that only in 1814, seconded the expression
of the national wish in favour of the descendants
of Henry I V., was also the ottly one of the high
allies who was friendly to the development and
the forms of the internal system of the monarchy.
It is well known that. this Monarch—whether it
may be supposed that lie was still bewildered by
the illusions of Tilsit and the terrors of Mojaisk)or
that there arose in his enlightened, mind a strong
conviction from the daily aspect of atfairs.---sought
at that time for alliances only in the saloon of
Madame de Steel, and that he evinced great cor-
diality towards General Lafayette.
4C What has just been stated sulliciently magi.
Pests the spirit in which the Revolution of, 1814
was conceived by the statesmen who planned it,
by France which desired It, by Europe which
sanctioned it, and by the Princes who accepted
it : all recognized two satisfactions to be owing
to the country—natoely, pracennd liberty.
46 The Bourbons were called to govern a

France which had exhausted the "glory of aline.
Napoleon, however, left them a wide field, by
abandoning
.to them the improvement of com-
merce, civilization, and the arts. Under this
new relation, peace became a law of their destiny
it was the principle of their govermnent, .it
was its strength.
" We do not mean to say that the King of
France was to be for ever denied the right of
drawing the sword. Such a system would' haVe
been an abdication" of French honour. But we
say that the restoration will deny its justice when-
ever the "Ministers shall accept the chances of a
war which is not incurred for the defence, or in con -
fortuity.. with the interests to which the Charter
Was given as a security—interesta which replaced
the dynasty on the throne of its ancestor*. What,
then, will be the case, if the war, instead of
being national, should be undertaken in favour of
doctrines against which all France in 1814 would
have revolted ?
"'France could only find durable safe-guards
in the establishment of institutions equally
solid and liberal; but unfortunately this truth
does not come Within the compass of all minds,
and may not the restoration at length compro-
mise its destiny, if the ministers forget that
'part
,or their duty which consists in taking
their stand on public liberty: But the war is
seen and understood. When our soldiers shall be
encamped on the soil of the Castiles, and the
English shall be blockading our ports, it will
then seem that the days ‘thich preceded the, re-
storatiOn_arO returned. One thing, however, will
not be seen.-.we shall not see, beyond our ex-
tended frontiers, Europe tributary to our matiti.
factures.anti our arm.
46 When our army shall see the Inquisitor, the
Dominican, the Trappist, marching in its front,
carrying a bloody crucifix, and marking out for
the bayonet fugitive populations, which refuse to
repeat 'their rallying cries, will not the nation, as.
tonished at obtaining such victories, have reason
to apprehend that a mysterious or mystical influ-
ence has invaded the councils of the King, to
falsify, with his cognizance, all the principles of
the Government, which the declarations of St..,
Ouen and Cambrai had established
" Meanwhile we must ask such be the
future which is preparing for us, have not the
friends of the Throne reason to be alarmed ?
Will the genius of the emigration,- suddenly in.'
spired with a warlike turbulence, on which it
doats 0s atradition half chivalrous and half Im-
perial, gain over that publiC opinion, which the
'Bourbons in their wisdotkrecognized to be equally
hostile to the ancient system and the empire ? or
can the monarchy, without peril, depend solely
on combinations, which, during thirty years, were.
on several occasions unable to defend it, or re-con
struct it ?
" Let us hope that the daily discussions of the
parliamentary opposition, will snake to convince
the counsellors of the Crown of the errorsOlui:
dangers, and the resources of the Government.
" We venture to state that this opposition daily
enfolds itself with astonishing vigour ; for the'
possessors of the authority of Government doubt-
less are not so deluded by the witchcraft of poa
us not to perceive in the numerical majority
laboriously extracted from the election contests;
a deception under which the rapid progress, at
the unsuccessful opinion is, concealed. A party
never acquires strength in an assembly; if it dices
not obtain recruits out of doors ; and that IS.
glory which, during these two years past, belongs
solely to the minority ;. for after having stopped
at M. Ternaux in the' Chamber of Deputies, and
at the Duke of Broglio in the Chamber of Peers,
it has now advanced as far as M. de Talleyrand
in the latter, and M. Leine in the former.
" Are these the conquests which the,authdr;df
La Monardde scion' la Charm predicted ,when he
promised to. make Royalists, provided he were
allowed seven men to a department ? Ife has
had them ;, but the faster authority approac4es
his party, the more public opinion is withdrawn
from it ; such, however, is not the march of
human nature. •

44 Rash men Can not you perceive that this
party takes upon itself the task of reversing
the promises of the Restoration, and of insult-
ing all the wishes and all the wants of Frimeg?
The house of Bourbon had made a compact with
the ideas, the doctrines, the opinions, of 1789,
and the Spanish war is precisely destined to corn-
bat those great interests of our age. The treaty
of Paris exhibited Russia extending over Europe,
as over defenceless prey, a net from which there
was soon to be no escape; and yet, instead of
bringing forward the South to stop the ambitions
progress of the North, we are going to pour att
our blood and our treasure in large streams
at the foot, of the pillars of Hercules. The libeny
of the sea was what France of 1814 most desired ;
but our Ministerial journals now talk again of the
continental blockade. Finally, the house of
Bourbon seemed to the world a guarantee
of peace and stability ; it had itself -need
of repose, in order to relink the chain of events;
but inconsiderate men, who had not had leisure
.atobosuetat hdtisfiegmusrehiNgesoperoapuesprliyeeastotfbithleieir%
(s)or::
ian t)
to obtain for themselves the easy but dangerous
gratification of convulsing the world.
" Lucian-,relates that a gent tragedian ap..
peared on the Theatre of Abtlern. After his

tleparture the Abderitans were seized with fits of
insanity. They were fond of exhibiting at obi.
How attitudes in the public streets,and spouted
in harsh tones the solemn metre of the lambic
verse. Every one fancied he had put on ,the
rotharnus of the tragedian."