The Sun.
London, England, 1841-08-24 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 24, 1841.

-ISLNTEREST,ING EXCURSION TO
SHEERNESS and the SHIPS of WAR at the
MORE, by special Permission of the Right Hon. the Lords
of the Admiralty, and for the BENEFIT of the INFANT, un-
expectedly born on board the Star steamer, on the 19th of
July, who, with her parents, will be present. That most ele-
gant, spacious, and best-sailing Gravesend steam-vessel, The'
Star, Capt do Jo.iah I lollingham, will leave the Royal Terrace
Pier, Gravesend, at. Twelve o'clock, on Thursday, Aug. 26th,
1841, and proceed to Sheerness, with written permission to in-
s;.ect the Camperdown, 120 guns ( Admiral Sir EdwardDigby,
Commander) ; the Trafalgar, 120 guns, and all the other
vessels of war.

ANTI-CORN-LA W CONFERENCE.

CLOSE OP THE PROCEEDINGS.

_MANCHESTER, AUGUST 21.
As it was understood the proceedings of the Confer-
ence would close this day, the number of clergymen in
attendance was not so numerous as on previous meetings.
The interest evinced by the public on the important dis-
closures made by the different clerzymen seemed by no
means to have abated. The portion of the hall set apart
for strangers was more crowded than ever.
About half-past nine o'clock the Rev. Tnom.te SPEN-
CER, of Hinton Charter House, near Bath, the
President of the day, took the Chair. He said there was
one thing on taking the Chair that- he regretted, and that
was, that if the Church of England was to be represented
in this Conference, it ought to be represented by the
Archbishop of Dublin, who was a very zealous Corn-
law repealer. He knew there was not a man in England
who had clearer views on this subject. - That excellent
man said, that, if they were in conversation with any
one, and wanted to know if he were an honest and intel-
ligent person with whom they conversed, introduce the
subject of the Corn-laws. however, this Conference
had acted so well, and had got so'much respect, that it
would not be the last Conference, unless the Corn-laws
were repealed. If they did not wish to see a Conference
in London—if they did not wish to see every minister
attended by three or fan- of his congregation—if
they did not wish to see Exeter-hall filled 'by 5,000
people—they must repeal the Corn-laws. He wished
the young men of Manchester, the Young Men's Anti-
monopoly Association, could spare money to go up at the
same time ; for he was sorry to say there was a gin-
drinking public opinion that wanted to throw out Lord
John Russell. And the licensed victuallers also wished ,
to throw him out, because he wanted to restrict them ;
and they cared. more about..sellist4.mg dri,Ttle than .for
-the liberties of the people. He would like to draw,a
little public opinion from here, that when her Majesty
went to Parliament she might go wafted on. the breeze
of free trade. And let the Lords spiritual, who did not
think it too secular to attend to politics in the House of
Lords, though they thought it very secular to meet on
the Corn-laws, consider these things.—(Hear, hear.) If
these young men went to London, and lined the ap-
proaches to Parliament, instead -of the idle mob who
went for mere curiosity ; if they had a few of the young
suffering men of Manchester there to call out, "No
Corn-laws,". he thought the present Session Would see
the Corn-laws destroyed. However, whether the young
men of Manchester would go up or not, they, the Mi-
nisters of religion, would pledge themselves to answer
the first call.
The Rev. J. W. MASSIF said it was considered desir-
able to make a small addition to the Committee. to wind
up the affairs of the Conference ; that two gentlemen
should be put upon it from. Scotland ; and that the va-
rious Chairmen of Conference should also be added to it.
He moved " That the following names be added to the
ExeCutive Cominittee already appointed respec-
tive Chairmen, viz., The Rev. T. Adkins, the Rev. Wm.
Chaplin, the Rev. Dr. Cox, and the Rev. T. Spencer ;
with Dr. Vaughan, of London ; the Rev. James Robert-
son, of Edinburgh ; and the Rev. Alex. Harvey, of
Glasgow.
The Rev. WTst. M‘Krtrlow seconded the motion,
which passed unanimously.
The Rev. Mr. Hone, of Stalybridge, said that, after
all that had been said of distress in various districts, yet
still there Were, in the northern districts near Manches-
ter, 200,000 souls for whom no one had yet spoken, the
great majority- of whom were with us in opinion on the
Corn-laws. He mentioned some individual eases of a
diAressing• nature, in which hunger, sickness, and penury
made the misery most poignant.
The Rev. PETER GUNN, Catholic parish priest of
Eastern Temple, county Fermanagh, said he came to
tender the Conkence the moral energies and determina-
tion of 3,000 people in Ireland against that inhuman
law, which destroyed thousands for want of food. If the
Irish people knew the Conference as well as he did, who
had not set foot in England till Monday last, they would
unite heart and hand. He trusted that the end of this
beginning would be, that England and Ireland would
know each other better on the subject of the Corn-laws.
When Mr. Spencer, last night, at the tea party, said that
there were Roman Catholic priests attending this Con-
ference, it was received with a burst of cheering ; for
which he returned his most cordial' !hanks. A-hired
scribe had recommended to the incoming Government to
seize all the Catholic priests of Irelond, and transport
them ; but the scribe little knew that those who at-
tempted to carry this into effect must climb to the task
over the corses of seven millions of the people of Ire-
land. As to Ireland, that oppressed country, with high
rents, heavy taxes, and tithe to pay, there was poverty
in every valley ; the people were so naked and miser-
able, that perhaps one-fourth stayed at home, though
taught the it duty by their church to attend divine wor-
ship, because of their rags.
The Rev. G. HAnnis. Independent minister of Ring-
,D404,4,J1 ant ,ana 04611'0f MrAllodtmcve-trialre:
a few statements as to the'C-ondition' he poor in his
neighbourhool. It was remarkable that, during Con-
ference, not a single communication or statement had
been made as to the state of the people in the great
corn-growing counties of Norfolk, Essex, Sussex, Kent,
Surrey, Dorset, and Hants. He thought might be
shown, that the agricultural labourers in some of these
counties were suffering greatly. The other side of
Southampton the labourers did not work twelve hours a
day, and got wood and turf cheap from the New Forest.
A few of the farmers allowed their labourers to purchase
wheat at 6d. per bushel less than the market price,-
Potatoes they were allowed to grow in the farmer's fields
at 4d. per rood. One clergyman told him that the farm
men who took care of the horses got 9s. a week. The
average
wrageag7s voleunrteofBl37;ges was not more than 75.; the com-
but, as
earsag eo
theref aNiveasye-
Deduct-
ingodrukcitn
winter, 7s. would be the-
ing 3/. 10A. for rent of their cottage and garden, would
leave 181. 10s. or 6s. a week to the labourer ; and, if six
persons in family, that was not quite 2d. per head.
These were the wages throughout the whole agricultural
district in which he lived. He would ask the Chairman
what provision would be i made . for any communication
that might be sent hereafter from the country ? -
The Rev. 'WILLIAM APKEEnow said that many had
been received froin agricultural districts, of which a
digest should be made.

The CHAIRMAN said, gentlemen were about to speak
from those very districts, and he would call upon •
The Rev. Mr. GOODE, of Gosport, Hants, who said
that he had given a statement yesterday as to the state
of the poor in Hants. He was commanded by Admiral
Bouverie, Governor of the Dock-yard at Portsmouth, to
express his cordial sympathy with the object of this Con-
ference, as also Sir George Staunton's, and a farmer's,
who said, " Tell the Conference, though I am a farmer,
I would give 1,0001. myself if I could repeal the Corn-
laws."—(Great applause.) [At this period Thomas
Gisborne, Esq., late M.P., entered the room, and was in-
vited upon the pla,formi
The Rev. Mr. MORGAN, of Chichester, Sussex, said,
the mechanics of Chichester, if they had constant em-
ployment, would be satisfied with their wages, but
they were without work during four months every
year, and suffered much, being above seeking parochial
pay. The- 'labourers' wages were 2s. to . 2s. 6d. 'a
day ; but they were out of work ,five or six months
of the year, and were supported by the parish and
private charity. The most respectable agricultural
labourers around Chichester and Western Sussex, two-
thirds being in constant employment, got 11s. to 12s. a-
week, but notwithstanding this they were much distresed
in consequence of the high price of corn ; for, although
their wages had been raised one-sixth, they had to pay
more than double for their bread.—(Hear, hear.) Since
the Poor-law they had lost their "head-money " (an
allowance in proportion to the number of children.) The
labourer could not buy meat or bacon, and lived much on
bread and potatoes.
The Rev. M. A. GARvEY, Independent Minister of
London, who had been sent, and his expenses paid by
his -people, said—he thought they ought to adjourn the
Conference to London, or, if not, their acts would not

have the same effect on the country generally.
Mr. WKERROW said there had been no motion as to
the adjournment to London. It was a subject which 're•
quired serious and calm deliberation in Committee.
Mr. MASSIE announced that there were four resolu-
tions—one Concerns the Magistracy ' • another the do-
mestic hospitality which the Ministers had received; an-
other regards the Ministers of Conference, as to what
the Committee suggests would be expedient for them to
do ; and another concerned the Manchester Ministers.;
another, the'roost important, he believed, was that the
Council of the Anti-Corn-law League, with a liberality
that had never said " no" to anything of expense relating
to this Conference, were about to present an address to
the Conference, which was to be closed by au address

from Mr. George Thompson.
The Rev. W. GUILES, Baptist Minister, of Liverpool
(amidst cries of " Spoke"), said he contended that if
those cultivating bad arable land would convert it into
pasture, they would do well. Next week 1,100 hands of
aLane
oand
this
week
Co.,
w ,from
Kerr
Stockport,
bend co. thrown outl
In
of Liverpool,work
60,000 persons were barely ex: sting in dark, damp cellars.
The Rev. Mr. MASSIE moved, and the Rev. Mr.
APKEnitow seconded, a resolution, calling upon Gis-
borne, late M.P. for Carlow, to address the meeting,
The CHAIRMAN put the question, and it WAS carried
unanimously.
Mr. GISBORNE declared it was alleged that the Corn-
laws were necessary for the protection of the farmer.
Upon that point he had a personal quarrel with those
laws ; because they did not protect him. lie happened
to be a large farmer, and occupied 500 acres at the pre-
sent moment. The Corn laws were made in order tcl
enable the farmers of Lincolnshire and Esnx gpw
corn for the supply of the British pPckplp- A 1).1.4 of
from 50s. to 70s. was neOefltißry tila!eptit.poe bit he
could not grow .porn at S. 01 70s. I. lip tg 4t.
tempt to so in North perhys_hire Le ruined,
Now, he wnottxl to know why the principle of protection
should be applied to the fanners of Lincolnshire and
Essex, and withheld from those of North Derby ? why
should the former be raised up to a thawing Wit, whilst
the latter were left just below Zero ?—(Apr.ause.) That
very circumstance proved that the principle Nyij gw,cl
for nothing ; for it was not applicable sat the‘
agriculturists of this coiiiitm
Owepreeradteilieg -ltahweyAhsesaorcdiatiuorn
tailtiißmraedeftiozi, v‘H•hoe
The Rev: W-APILE bc?;lM, of Airedale College, near
v
Braq.fordi Le 'came there as the delegate from the
hAtne dt Anti-Corn
hoernn

had seen a good deal of the operatives in Bradford, and
a short time ago he went into the cellar of one of them
who had emigrated from the agricultural districts a few
years • ago when trade was bad. The clutn:4-e from a
bracing good air to the unwholesome air of a cellar affect-
ed their health. Five of them were dependent upon the
labour of one child -at a factory,. and one day he ;ound
that that girl had to return to her Work without any
dinner.—(Hear, hear). lie could state many other fa, is
of the same kind. • This -was not merely a poor man'.4
question for the skill and capital of their employers was
as necessary 'to them as their industry. He moved
" That this Conference, without wishing to recommend
the exercise of any authority that the constitution dues
not give or prescribe any course to be pursued by the
members of it, after its dissolution ; yet this Conference
consider that considerable efficiency may be given to its
proceedings, if, in their several localities, they avail
themselves of the press, and by congregational petitions
to both Houses of Parliament."
The Rev. Mr. SOLLY, of Yeovil, seconded the motion,
which was unanimously agreed to.
The Rev. Mr. JONES, a Welsh Calvanist minister of
Wrexham, said that nothing had. been said about the
mining interest. In consequence of the depression of the
iron trade, there were in the town of Wrexhami hun-
dreds of miners who were out of work, and who would.
starve but for the exertions of the benevolent: A Short
time ago, 750 colliers came all at once to the Board of
Guardians at Wrexham. There was great alarm, and sol-
diers were sent for; but the men were quite peaceable; all
they wanted they said was work. The Board of Guar-
dians could do nothing for them, except a little relief
temporarily ; and about 250 of them were admitted into
the workhouse. Great distress prevailed, and it was the
general opinion that it was owing to the Corn-laws.
The Roy., Mr. SMITH, one of the tutors of Rotheram
College, moved, " That the heartfelt thanks of this Con,
lereneehe returned to The gentlemen with whcm it origi-
nated, and by whom its preliminary arrangements
were executed; and also to the numerous friends in Man-
chester and its. neighbourhood for their hospitality."'
The Rev. WILLIAM AULD, of Greenock, seconded
the resolution ; and

The motion then passed ; and
The Rev. Mr. MAssrE said, perhaps it might be pro-
per that the originators of the' Conference should ac-
knowledge the compliment which had been paid them.
He and his brother, Mr. M•Kerrow, had, in some mea-
sure, the responsibility of the parentage—(Applause)
and they should defer making an attempt at a suitable
acknowledge.ment until, the afternoon.
The CHAIRMAN then adjourned the Conference to
half-past four.

AFTERNOON SITTING.
The members assembled at the usual hour in the af-
ternoon. The uall was, if possible, more crowded than
at any former sitting. The Rev. Thomas Spencer in
the Chair.
A motion was then made and agreed to for the adrnis-
sion of a deputation from the Anti-Corn-law League, to
which reference had been made in the early part of the
day. •
The Deputation then entered the hall, headed by Sir
Thomas Potter, with whom was Richard Cobden, 'Esq.,
M.P., William Rawson, Esq., G. Wilson, Esq.. and
Messrs. Kershaw, C. J. S. Walker, Elkanah Armitage,
J. Bailey, jun., A. Prentice, William Bickham, with
George Thompson, Esq., and other gentlemen connected
with the League.
They were received with loud and reiterated applause.
Mr. Ald. COBDEN then read the following address :
" To the Christian Ministers of all denominations in
Conference assembled, for the consideration of the
laws restricting the food of the people, the Address of
the Executive Council of the Anti-Corn-law league in
Manchester.
" REVEREND SIRS—We beg respectfully to tender you
our earnest and grateful thanks for the zealous and truly
Christian services which you have rendered to the cause
of suffering humanity, and to express our acknowledg-
ments for the sanction which your dignified proceedings
have giVen to our past labours, and from which we shall
derive increased encouragement and a new stimulus to
our future efforts.
" The religious world will regard the acts of your
Conference as a noble illustration of the true spirit of a
Christian ministry, whose benign influence can never be
more consistently exerted than when vindicating the
cause
-of the poor and destitute.

" We highly appreciate the minute and startling array
of evidence brought by you from all parts of the empire,
and proving on such unimpeachable testimony the physi-
cal and moral degradation of great numbers of the people,
as well in the agricultural as in the manufacturing coun •
ties. You have thus made it manifest that, during the
long continuance of extreme scarcity and dearness of
provisions•consequent upon unwise and unjust legisla-
tion', the condition of the labouring classes has rapidly
deteriorated—that the demand for labour has declined—
that wages (notwithstanding the assertion of the mono-
polists to the contrary) have materially decreased—and
that.„frAim timr.o.7:o9,tweor,swatititticlos. .4)P epur incinstrients
'fellow-countrymen have been cruelly and needlessly sub-
jected to all the evils cf misery, disease, and premature
death.

" Sympathising with you in the still augmenting dis-
tress of our poorer brethren, and fortified by the facts
with which your testimony has supplied us, we shall
continue to advocate, and with renewed energy, the abo-
lition of these impious laws, which, by limiting the fund
of the people, and restricting the demand for labour,
have been the main source of the manifold ills now af-
flicting the community.
" Whilst giving expression to our grateful thanks of
the inestimable value of your present labours, permit us
to beseech your continued efforts in furtherance of the
righteous and philanthropic work in which, as Christian
ministers, you have engaged.
" We would earnestly entreat you, in your respective
spheres of usefulness, individually to use the influence
of your sacred calling in awakening the public mind to
the national importance of this great question.
" We rely on the moral weight of your example ; we
trust much to the efficacy of your pulpit exhortations ;
we feel that to your supplications at the throne of the
the Most High the poor and wretched may yet look with
humble hope, and in the Christian confidence that jus-
tice, so long denied, will at last be rendered them ; and
resting with firm reliance on your pious and patriotic ef-
forts, we look forward with well-grounded assurance to
the early and triumphant issue of a struggle on which
depends the happiness or misery of millions of our fellow-
creatures, and the prosperity or irretrievable ruin of our
beloved country."
Mr. Cobden, on concluding the address, was greeted
with loud cheering.
A motion that the address be received, and entered
upon the minutes of the Conference, was then made and
agreed to.

Mr. G. THOMPSON having been called upon to deliver
a valedictory address to the. Conference, came forward
amidst loud and long-continued cheering. He said—Mr.
President, ministers of the Conference, and ladies -and
gentlemen, in the whole course of my life I never felt a
stronger desire to acquit myself worthily than I do upon
this interesting and solemn occasion. I have to address
to you some remarks suited to the close of those impor-
tant and all-absorbing proceedings, in which you have
now for four days been engaged. But I, unhappily,
labour under a consciousness of inability equal to
the intensity, of my desire. The hour for argument
and deliberation is past ; and it. is my duty to re-
view the transactions in which you have been en-
gaged, and to express my opinion of the probable influ-
ence which those transations will exert upon the issue of
the momentous struggle in which the friends of the poor
are engaged with the powerful monopolists of the hown
ties of our Creator.—(Loud cheers.) Your assembly has
been one unprecedented in its character and unexampled
in its numbers.—(Hear, hear.) But these are nut the
most gratifying characteristics of this Conference. The
sublime spectacle has, for the first time in the annals of
the world, been presented of seven hundred ministers of
religion, of widely varying theological opinions, 04453H1.
bling together not only without discord, contention, and
animosity, but with a degree of brotherly love, and the
most delicate courtesy and consideration, one towards an-
other. Your Conference has been distinguished by catho-
licity without compromise ; by a stern maintenance of the
cardinal principles of our Christian morality, withOot
the slightest abatement of your attachment to thwie pe-
culiarities by which, as sects an 4 rPlialou4 parties, you
are known.—(Cheers,) The talent that has been exhi-
bited has been of the highest order ; the principles you
have proclaimed have been of the loftiest and purest
kind. Sir, I consider the holding of this Conference to ho
one of the most seasonable and happy events 1404 e4mld-
possibly occur in the present trying pri4l4 of our coun-
try's affairs.(Hear, hear.) 'lie conduct of the cause
in which you are now Ctigaged. has hitherto been chiefly.
in the bands of men engaged altogether in secular
affairs, or under the influence of cold and calculating
political economists, whO have little to do with the
discussion or application of thoSe great principles
which lie at the foundation of public moraliv
and national prosperity. Long and errneci'ay
nave the
friends of the poor desired to see l,
of the country enlisted in religious feeling
cau to which ou
now, I rejoice to
pledged.se yTo bring aboutare a
consummation devoutly to be wished, some five weeks
no it ;cas resolved by a few humble individuals, without
name, or influence, or note, to issue a circular calling
upon ministers of religion of every denomination to
assemble iu this town, for the purpose of considering,
in the fear of God, the subject of the laws restricting
the supply pf food to the community. I can bear wit-
ness that that circular was penned with a trembling
hand, and isStiQd ‘Nith a faltering heart.—(hear, hear.)
Not only Nve4.e. pia extraordinary means employed to
eoe.t to the summons, but those usually re-
§QUO to were, in this instance, almost wholly dispensed
with. Yet, I will not say in obedience to that call, but
rather liay that, prompted by a feeling of humanity, in-
spired bysthe genius of the gospel, and touched with pity
for the miseries of those armed them, a noble army of
seven hundred men—have kit their homes and the altars
at which they minister, and have come up to the belp
of the Lord—to the help of the Lord against the mighty.
—(Hear, hear, and applause.) Oh, Sir, when those who
MT PONY WPololed kiad ablest bereft of hope shall hear
calls, of poverty of this your glorious meeting,
they will take courage, and look up, and believe that the
day of their deliverance-draws nigh. Gentlemen of the
Corn-law League now present in this Conference, I con-
gratulate you from my inmost soul upon the position of that
cause in which you have so long meritoriously struggled;
Sir, the bearings of this great question have in the most

PRICE 5d

able manner been unfolded during the progress of your
deliberations. The question has been linked by the most
obvious and indissoluble ties to all the interests of huma-
nity, and all.the hopes of our country and the world. A
missionary has come to you from the other side of the
Alleghany mountains. Shall this ambassador of peace
and plenty_ return to tell thertenants of the western wilds
that the laW which defaces our statute book is irrever-
sable. What is the language of the nations around us ?
The other day a friend to our cause and a friend to
mankind—the estimable Joseph Sturge—(Cheers)—un-
dertook a mission to his anti-slavery brethren of America,
not, however, without leaving behind him his munifi-
cent contributions to our cause, and his heart s
best wishes for our success.—(Hear, hear, and cheers.)
On touching the trans-Atlantic strand he was told by
the press ofNew York to return to the land from whence
he came ; and, before he undertook to counsel the peo-
ple of the United States to do justice to the manacled
slave of Virginia, to bring to a sense of justice those
who are grinding the faces of the poor at home, and by
their cruel laws making abject slaves of those who other-
wise would be loyal, independent, and grateful labour-
ers in the promotion of their country's prosperity.—
(Cheers.) Such is the well-merited taunt of proud
Republican, slave-holding America.—(Hear, hear.)
Take another instance. A Gallant Commodore whom
the people of Manchester have delighted to honour
in the hall in which we meet, undertook to school the
bearded Pacha of Egypt on the subject of his restrictive
policy. What was the answer of Mehemet Ali ?
" First, let England, the huge monopolist, abolish
her own Corii-laws."—(Deafening cheers.) And what,
Sir, is the withering rebuke which polished France
administers ?--(l.lear, hear.) Speaking through one
one of her most popOlar organs, the National, she says,
" Britain ! rase from your shield the lordly lion, 4110,144-:
in its place a starving operative, supplicating in vain flir the
bread of life.”--(llenewed and long-continued cheering.)
A word now with regard to the purposes which have
been answered by this Convention, in addition to the
important 'developments to which I have already referred.
Who can calculate the good that has been done
by the gathering together of seven hundred men,
whose hearts have been made one in` the cause
of humanity, and who have mutually animated
and informed each other ? Opinions have been
settled which before were unstable ; -resolutions have
been formed which before were incipient and unex-
pressed. A position has been taken previously doubtful
and undetermined. Men have cOmmi tted themselves collec-
tively and irrevocably to a cause of which they were be-
fore isolated, unknown, and perhaps uninfluential friends
—a cause branded as secular and selfish by those who
are themselves the most worldly and exclusive of man-
kind, has received the solemn imprimatur of an assembly
composed altogether of men whose profession and
practice is religious. And in addition to the presence
of those who are here we have received pledges of con-
currence and co-operation from a still larger number—
(Hear, hear)—who have been prevented by accidental
circumstances from giving their personal attendance.
Again, Sir, the calling of this Conference has originated
throughout the country a discussion of the merits of
this question more general and more useful than any
that has before taken place. It has set all heads think-
ing. and all pens writing on the subject ; and above all,
.it has urged that class of the community to bestow at-
tention upon the subject who had previously considered
it either beyond the limit of their legitimate cognizance,
or inconsistent with their religious character.—(Hear,
hear.) This Conference has answered another high and
holy purpose. It has shown that there is an intimate
connection between the abolition of the laws that have
been brought under our notice, and the spread of that
religion
_whose ministers are here assembled. The elo-
quent speaker here, at great length, adduced the innu-
merable texts of Scripture which go to show that
the Creator, instead of allowing scantiness or re-
stricted food to men, expresses himself in every
page of the Bible as a Being who delights in over-
whelming them with plenty. Again resuming his sub-
ject, Mr. Thompson continued :—I have myself, in
perusing the vast number of letters that have passed
through my hands, as your Honorary Secre-
tary, been affected by the frequent assurances given by
ministers of the Gospel in agricultural districts that
they are. firmly persuaded themselves, and that in their
views they are supported by the convictions of the
members of their congregations who are engaged in
agricultural pursuits, of the justice and necessity of a re-
peal of the present Corn-laws ; but they at the same
time lament their inability to give an open and avowed
assistance to the cause in which we are engaged, because
of the bondage in which they are held to the proprietors
of the soil, who exercise an arbitrary and despotic control
over the condition of the occupiers and tillers of the land.
The fact has been made abundantly apparent, that though
the consciences of hundreds of thousands of the agri-
cultural .population are with us, their votes have been
directed against us in consequence of their abject de-
pendence upon those those will can at any time dist)%.,
•sgs,a-fltatn-- of s*tins of theii subsistence.—(iiear,.
hear.) Sir, the fact must not be disguised. The farmers
of our country arc under the relentless domination of
the titled ana untitled lords of the soil, who not only
claim the fee-simple of the broad acres they possess,
but the votes of those who are their tenants at will.
Freedom of election in the counties of England there
is none. The horned cattle in the stall are not i.lattt
condition of more abject submission than are
class known by the name of the " bold and independent
yeomanry of England."—(Hear and cheers.) Out of a
multitude of letters bearing upon this point, I will read
you one. The names that are mentioned, I must, for
reasons which will be obvious, conceal the writer is a
Minister, in connection with the church of Scotland, of-
ficiating in a certain part of England.—(Hear.)
" I have received your circular, very kindly inviting
me to a meeting of Ministers and others, to be held in
Manchester. on Tuesday, the 17th current, to take into
consideration the laws respecting the monopoly in food ;
and, in answer, I beg respectfully to assure you
that you have my best wishes, and the best wishes of
thousands in this district, but as my congregation is
chiefly composed of -- farmers, it would be mad-
ness in me, nay, it would completely destroy my useful-
ness as a Minister, to take any open part in the repeal
of these laws or at your meeting, All I can do, there-
fore, is to send you my best wishes. Nor are you to, I
suppose from this, that the farmers here are against you.
Hundreds of them, and these, too, the largest and most
intelligent, are your decided friends, but they dare not
show it, or they may lave the district. They must all do
as
the excuse both of minister and people, that as the
public cannot and will not protect them, therefore they
cannot reasonably be expected to secrifice all their own
private interests for its weal. In these circumstances we
dare not countenance you openly, but you have our best
wishes, and should you ever come this way agitating the
subject—and this, I think, I shall be inclined to do—
(Loud cheers)—we will do you all the good we can.
More, at present, wo cannot do, with safety to ourselves
and families. Trusting, therefore, that you will take,
courage, and be as successful in this as you were in the
slave agitation question.

I am, my del azfir
iSnitra,teyr7.can,6crecietnerdtui.lol.,
44
with the
• Church
"
':lt Esg.
Y€your efficient aid, and the bless-
ing
of‘Nyou serve, we shall be as successful in
9gieet
e God gentlemen, Thompson,
this as we were in that sacred cause to which reference
is here made, ..(Loud cheers.) The yeomanry of Eng-
land mutt ha emancipated from the thraldom of a tyran-
nietil iwntl-holding aristocracy.—(Very loud cheers.) I
said it remained to be seen what influence your Confer-
ence would exert upon those who sit in high places.
You hP.re had your Parliament.—(Loud cheers.) It was
glorious sight to witness, on the first day of your as-
sembling, more than ale number of those who constitute
the Con malls of Great Britain.—(Cheers.) Yes, this self-
oleeted Parliament of England's best and purest minds
--the representatives of weeping and famishing misery
—the friends of starving attenuated operatives—the pas-
tors of impoverished congregations. Would that the
destinies of this question had been committed to your
hands for final situdication.—(Loud cheers.) I think
it might have been, with quite as good a chance of a
Viee and equitable decision, as that with which it is
likely to meet in another place.--(Very loud cheering.)
I think the suffrages by which you have been re-
turned to this Parliament are quite as extensive and
independent as those of many honourable Members.
I think the means which have been taken
•tottirll you are quite as pure and unexceptionable as
those resorted. to in many of the constituencies of the
empire.—(Laughter.) I think you are quite as n-
and almost as wise in 14.4terstanding,
sapsecetiathbleerinthceall
hereditarying or electedlaw makers of .the
land, And I think that yolk Nvo
question upon prince-lea tad have settled this
ea (Atha as sound and as t t' as those who •• pa rto lc
House dre likely to guide the decisions of either
r..7,..earliament.—(Loud cheers.) But though you
...re denied any legislative power, of this be sure, that no
opinion which will be advanced elsewhere will have half
the weight with the community of that which you have
expressed in Jour deliberate and solemnly-attested
documents. And I will venture to say that the
Statesmen of the land, and those at their head,.
whether meditating upon the state of things
and the signs of the times at Brocket Hall
or Drayton Manor, will regard with an inten-
sity of interest which cannot be exaggerated the
transactions in which you have.been engaged, and the
conclusions at which you have arrived.—(Cheers.) God
grant that your decisions may produce their rightful
influence, and turn the scale in favour of justice to a
starving population.—(Hear, hear, and applause.) One
word with regard to practical measures, and I have
done. From this time forth you must be the ministers
and missionaries of truth upon the great question which
has brought you together.—(Hear, hear.) You must
be constant, in season and out of season, in the work
of enlightening, purifying, and directing the minds
of all who are around you.—(Hear, hear.) You must
be prepared to attend another Conference, and to that Con-
ference you must come accompanied by the laity.—(Hear,
hear.) Pastor and people must appear together.—
(Loud cheers.) The next circular that goes forth must
be, not with the authority of twenty-six ministers in
Manchester, but of seven hundred assembled in open
Conference in this town.—(Renewed cheers.) And,
Sir, if twenty-six. men, making their appeal to their
brethren, could convene such an aseembly as that which
we have witnes.seds what may we not expect when seven
hundred shall send forth the rallying cry, and muster
the armies of Israel to this holy war ?—(Hear, hear,

///,
;?' MORNING SUN.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR—As the words I used at the Blackwall
Meeting seem to be viewed erroneously, I desire it to be
expressly understood, that I did not mean, to convey
an impression or to insinuate that money -was expended
among Members of Parliament, for I know of no such
circumstance; but that I had no doubt a great deal of
money was laid out for expenses incurred in soliciting
Members to support or oppose the passing of Railway
Bills, as was suggested by the question proposed to me
at the meeting.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant,
Southwark, Aug. 21. JOHN HUMPHERY

UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.
OXFORD, Auo. 21.—The Lord Bishop of the Di.oeese
has instituted the Rev, William Tattersall, of Trinity
College, to the rectory of Howe, with Little Poringland,
in the county of 1161.161 k.
The Rev, Dr. Hook, late student of Christ Church,
has been appointed by his Grace the Archbishop of York
a eanon in York Nliuster.
The Lord Bishop a Winchester has presented the Rev.
William D. Veitch of Balliol College, to the rectory of
St. Thomas, Whicl:ester.
The Aiar,teis of Bath has presented the Rev. Villiam
Dyer to the perpetual curacy of Baer, in the county of
itts.

- .e Society for Propagating the Gospel has appointed
the Rev. Arthur L. Irwin to the station of principal of
the Seminary at Madras.
The following prebends or canonries in the Cathedral
Church of Sarum have been conferred by the Lord Bishop
of Salisbury:—That of Stratton, on the Venerable Arch-
deacon Buckle, Rector of Upway ; of Yatminster Se-
cunda, on the Rev. G. P. Lowther, Rector of Orcheston
St. George ; of Wilsford and Woodford, on the Rev.
G. A. Denison, Vicar of Broad Windsor ; of Chute and
Chessenbury, on the Rev. F. W. Fowle, Rector of Ailing-
ton ; of Bishopstone, on the Rev. William Danscv, Rec-
tor of Donhead, St. Andrew ; and of Teynton Regis on
the Rev. Robtrt Moore, Rector of Wimborne St. Giles,
with Wimborne All Saints annexed.

GREAT NORTH OF ENGLAND RAILWAY.
Traffic returns for the week ending August 16, 1841:
Passengers
Merchandize

Darlington, Aug. 18.

1,451 19 7
D. O'BRIEN, Secretary.

DEPARTURE OF THE STEAD[-SHIP Bar-
TANNIA.—LIVERPOOL, FRIDAY.--The Britannia steam-
ship, Captain Clelland, sailed yesterday about noon, for
Halifax and Boston, with her Majesty's mails for Canada
and the United States. The Britannia took out one of
the largest mails ever shipped at this port, and about one
hundred and twenty passengers. She appeared in fine
trim, and left the river with a fair wind, and will, no
doubt, make one of her usually short trips across the
Atlantic.

BEVERLEY.—The weather in this pert con-
tinues very changeable, and a great quantity of rain falls. At tllo
soonest the harvest win not commence generally for a fortnight or
three weeks. Corn rises every market day, and seconds dour is
already 3s. per stone. The people, even in this agricultural dis-
trict, are unanimous in favour of repeal. Hunger is a sharp
thorn, and hundreds are feeling its sad effects. Bread is higher,
but wages are lower. Numbers daily perambulate the streets in
search of emplornent. When will this sad state of things be
altered ? The onion obtains—not until we have a revolution.
FRANCE AND THE FORTE.—We have reason
to know that the fleet now fitting out at Constantinople is intended
to act against the Bey of Tunis, with whom the Porte has just
ground for complaint. We have also reason to believe that the
French Government is not disposed to favour the object of this ex-
pedition, and that the fleet now at Toulon is destined for that part
of the African coast. The grand question in this state of affairs is,
how far will the British Government interfere to prevent France
meddling between the Porte and its vassal I—Morning Herald.
THE EYES.—Optical improvements to enable
persons at an advanced age to read with ease and discriminate ob-
jects with perfect distinctness.—Messrs. S. and B. Solomon., 39,
Albemarle-street, Piccadilly, opposite the York Hotel, and 76,
King William-street, City; their long extensive practice has ena.
bled them to invent Spectacle Lenses upon a new construction, of the
greatest transparent refractive power, which have gained universal
approbation. Immediately they are placed before imperfect vision
every object becomes clear and distinct, so that the most aged imper-
fect sight becomes bright and brilliant, and is brought to its youtls-
ful, natural, and original state. The valuable advantages derived
from this invention is, that these lenses are constructed on a princi.
ple that persons can see with them of a much less magnifying power
Allan those now iu common use; nor will they require the frequent
changes that other spectacles generally do ; they are also adapted to•
imperfect vision to the greatest nicety; they are found to preserves
and strengthen the most weak and defective sight. Their invisible
perative Voice Conductor for deaf persons is not the least percepti-
ble, nor more uncomfor table than having apiece of 14001 in its place;
they give immediate relief to old standing extreme cases of deaf.
ness. Those valuable inventions have also gained the patronage of
Family and the unqualified approbation of above 400 ot.
pal members of the medical profession.—No connexion,
tt
hh ee .ptniuyn
with persons of the same name. 39, Albemarle-street, opposite the
York Hotel, and 76. King William-street ,City.

• ear.) Why, Sir, we may expect to see a gathering of
seven thousand men clothed in the panoply of justice
who will not•bow the knee to the -Baal of a cruel mo-
nopoly, but fight until they vanquish the monster that is
preying on the vitals of the country.—(Loud chheers.)
There is another element of society, the purest and best,
which must be brought into action. Sir, we must enlist
in this cause of holy domestic charity the women of G rent
Britain.—(Tremendous cheers.) Seven hundred and fifty
thousand of the maids and matrons of this country car-
ried their petition to the footstool of a maiden Queen in
behalf of the manacled slaves of our colonies.--(Hear.)
Let this reverend assembly speak the word, and I believe
that double the number will lay a petition at the feet of
our beloved Monarch, now a wife and a mother.
He prayed that the Almighty would pour out his bles-
sing on every one who was, and had been, assembled in
that place. Like an American Indian, who at a large
meeting said he could not shake hands with all present,
he (the Chairman) would declare from the spot where
he stood, he shook hands with them all at once, and he
now declared the Conference dissolved.—(Applause.)
Votes of thanks were then passed to the Chairman, to
the Ministers of Manchester, for convening the Coffer-
ence, and the Honorary Secretaries, which closed thn
proceedings of the Convocation.

DERBY LIBERAL OPERATIVn
ASSOCIATION.
On Tuesday evening a large and respectable meet.
in' of this Association was held at the Mechanics
Lecture Hall. It was at first determined to hold the
meeting at the Old Assembly Room, but such was
the great interest excited, that, although the tickets
could only be had from one person, who was appointed
to deliver them, and to take the names of the appli-
cant, by four o'clock on Tuesday 800 tickets had
been called for ; consequently it was found necessary
to take a larger room for the meeting, and, we declare,
that SOO of the nation's hereditary Peers could not
have conducted themselves more orderly, nor have
gone through the business, for which they were culled
together, in a more business-like manner. The unani-
mity and good feeling which was manifested by this
great and influential assembly of honest and unflinch-
ing Reformers, raleets the highest credit. on the opera,
fives of Derby ; they are Convinced thtlt ".,union is
strength," and that by banding them Selves together--
for mutual intercourse, and for the Impute tirereby of
raining sound political knowledge. upon every subject
that affects the well-being of the whole family of man
(but more especially with regard to that great and
important question, the repeal of the " Monopoly-
laws," that is now agitating the kingdom from one
end to the other), they can more effectually assist by
their concentrated and united efforts, in furthering
those referms which confer the greatest happiness on
the greatest number. We will, however, let the As-
sociation speak for itself, and therefore give tho
" Declaration," which was unanimously adopted at the
meeting, which, we are convinced, will satisfy
every true Reformer, and which shows that the Asso-
ciation is based on a sound foundation. Let all party
differences then be laid aside, and let all who call
themselves Reformers, enrol themselves as members of
the Derby Liberal Operative Association. The Com-
mittee, and other officers for the year, were elected,
and the Declaration and Rules adopted. It is intended
immediately to take a room for the accommodation ot
the members, which will be open every evening (except
Sunday), and supplied with the best daily and weekly
papers, and periodicals, of which (also when and where
application may be made for tickets of admission) due
notice will be given.
The following declaration of the Association 11. as just
appeared :

"The experience of the last few months must have
convinced the friends .of liberty (if any ftrzther proofs
were wanting,) that the triumph of their common prin-
eples can only be secured by united and energetic
efforts, greater union, and a better understanding
amongst the various classes of Reformers, (agreed as
they are in the end at which they all aim, though di-
vided in opinion, as to the means by which it may be
most speedily attained) would probably have placed.
the country in a very different position from that which
it now occupies, viz. the immediate prospect of a Tory.
Administration, in the midst of commercial distress,
frightfully aggravated, if not wholly caused by laws
which the leaders of that party stand pledged to support.
But union, energy, and perseverance, may redeem the
advantages we have lost. In the people resides all sub-
stantial poWer, and that power they can cause to be felt
by the Government, whether their voice be legally re-
cognized or not. Let the people, then, in every possible
way take their own interests under their own special
care. In proportion as sound political knowledge is dif-
fused through the great body of the people, the Legisla-
ture will be compelled to pursue those measures whichk
consult, not the interests of the few, but the well-being
of the many—the rights'and interests of the whole.
" The deep conviction of these truths has given rise to
the Derby Liberal Operative Association. It is, there-
fore, the general purpose of this Association to promote;amongst its members sound political knowledge, and by
bringing their common principles and united energies
to
to
attain bear u
b pon one point, to give effect to their exertior,;
y all legal and constitutional means, surli re-
forms in Church and State, as may conduce to U great-
est happiness of the greatest number. i..nd seeing
that it is only by securing the exe'reise of those
rights already established that we can hope to
obtain those still withheld„,' be one of
the iramt4inte objects 0f.,5(44,tz co,er
-Alto--reg cre- tfi
iertry-e Wtictet llo..tnugh, and County
Electors, and the doetion of peddleeiii-cers; a duty which
invulves the interests of all, and sore especially demands
the attention of the non-et"..ctors who very justly look,
upon the Liberal elP:Aors as their trustees, and the
parties on whom 0-„,ey
fullpoliticPl.r ts. must mainly rely in obtaining their
S. •
gh
_awl, are the principles on which we unite, and the
objects to which we stand pledged in the name of liberty,
as men and British citizens, always remembering, that
' the condition on which God has given liberty to map,
is eternal vigilance, which condition if he break, servi-
tude is at once the consequence of his crime, and the
punishment of his guilt. "—Derby Reporter, August
19, 1841.