The Sun.
London, England, 1841-10-18 00:00:00

MORNING SUN

As the one or the other disposition prevails,
there will be general happiness or general
miscry. A law, consequently, or a series of
laws, which .li.nit the - resources sof, the com-
munity, and keep all classes, or the great
majority of the industrious classes, in a con-
tinual state of apprehension, fearing for their
fortunes, or fearing for their subsistence, -tend
to corrupt the heart of man, and make him prac-
tice, though he can never prefer, mean vices
instead of generous and noble virtues.

It has been our frequent business to call atten-
tion to the existence of such laws, and when we
add thereto the many other causes which exist
in our -institutions for corrupting the heart of
man, we see with admiration and wonder that
society is still held together, and the busy hum
of our congregated and most ingenious, orderly,
and quiet millions still prevails, instead of Eng-
land being a wilderness resounding only to the
war-whoop of the wild man. We have a Legis-
lature which claims obedience on the pretence
of protecting the people, and cares only for en-
riching the aristocracy or securing the wealth of
the parsons. We have a Church which preaches
doctrines that it never practises. The Legisla-
ture and the priesthood com!)ined act on the
principles of rapacity and hypocrisy. Fortu-
nately their power is not equal to their wishes,
or, following their example, all honesty would be
extinguished.
In a book just published, entitled " A Plea for
the- Imprisoned," grounded upon extracts from
the Prison Reports,* we find such cases as these :
In a dark cell, at Ipswich. I found a prisoner lying
upon the floor, who had been there for several days upon
bread and water. His offence was for making a noise
in the night. For that the turnkey had verbal orders
to put him into the refractory cell, and there he was
placed. In the same prison I found Seven youths in so-
litary confinement, who had been committed for refrac-
tory conduct in a union workhouse. They were first
placed upon bread and water, but since they have been
allowed a quart of gruel in addition. They had no
books, and they never had been visited by chaplain or
surgeon. One of them was sentenced to !bur months'
(120 days and nights) solitary imprisonment ; another
to two mouths ; and another had been confined for seven
weeks. The sum of their offence was refractory conduct
in a workhouse."

What a horrible punishment for such an of-
fence. Why, a murderer could scarcely be
doomed to anything worse than four months' so-
litary imprisonment. Talk of the crimes of the
people, what are they to the deliberate crimes of
the State The man was relieved of half his
punishment by the accidental arrival of the In-
spector. "The poor clown was in fact shut up
for only 49 days, without human intercourse,
without the access of the surgeon for his bodily
ails, or chaplain flu. his imbruted mind." A book
was published some time back, called the
" Crimes of the Law," but it will be very in-
complete if it do not also give us the crimes of
the Magistrates, the crimes of the Legislature,
and the crimes of the Piiesthood. The misfor-
tune is, that these classes think themselves the
standards of right and wrong, each in his sphere,
and that what they decree and what they do
is necessarily just and perfect. Hence their ar-
rogance is unbounded, and without a blush or a
doubt they perpetrate, as we have shown, almost
unbounded mischief.

Published by Mitchell, Bond-street.

The Morning Post of Saturday admitted that
there are many alarming symptoms in the social
condition of Great Britain. "It is fearful," said
our Contemporary, " to behold an enormous mass

of people whose means of existence are scanty or
precarious, and who have thrown off all restraint
of reverence fir that which is placed above
them." It is of some consequence, too, that
the Tories have opened their eyes to the
fearful condition of society; and to make •
them still more aware of this fearful condition,
we must direct their attention to the excellent
paper in another part of The Sun, signed " J.W.
Mass.tE." It will perhaps astonish them to learn
that the youth in the manufacturing districts
have in several cases only been prevented from
forming themselves into bands of robbers, and
taking what they want—as the landowners take
away the property of other men without having dis-
tress to plead—by the entreaties, remonstrances,
and prayers of their seniors. It is not, however,
to be expected that the seniors will long be obeyed,
if distress continues; and those who rely ex-
clusively on a police to keep order and pi.otect
property will find that they lab Our under a great
mistake When backed by the great majority
of the-population the police is an Cadent force,
but it will avail nothing against a hostile and
starving multitude.
As the Tories have found out that society is in
an alarming condition, it may be expected
that they should propose a remedy. The
Post accordingly suggests more Church. It
differs entirely from the Norwich people, and
asserts that fewer pigs and more parsons would
heal our disorders. The remedy recommended
by the Post has been tried so often, and failed,
that we should be inclined to try the opposite
method—diminish the parsons and increase the
pigs. It is quite certain that, since the Ministry
of Mr. PERCIVAL, the Church has been the fa-
voured protegee of the State. She has had
everything she has asked for. Great grants of
money, and laws to put down her opponents. She
has been almostmistress of the State. The result is a
condition of society which even the Post feels
to be a:arming. The Church has been amply
tried, and the disease increases;- it is only reason..
able, therefore, to try another remedy, )3
y
more .pigs the Norwich man weant tbod, pork
being Mr. HEWETT'S favourite dish; and we
seriously recommend, as th;., cure for the present
alarming condition of society, an increase of food.

LONDON :
MON DAY, OCTOBER 18, 1841.

We copy from the ,Spectator• an article ou the
Census' of 1841, which 'shows that there has been
a decrease in the agricUltural or rural population
since 1831 of '2l per cent., and an increase in the
town or manufacturing population of 12 per cent.
It follows, according to onr Contemporary, that
the increase of the town or manufacturing popu-
lation has been caused by tlunilies and parts of
families moving from the agricultural districts to
find employment and a living in the town dis-
tricts. In fact, as every one kn ows, this is continu-
ally occurring, and the majority of rural familik-fs
send one or more of their members as clerks,

•
merchants, attorneys, porters, or servants, accord-
ing to their rank, to make their fortunes or find a

subsistence in towns. Some few persons who make
fortunes in trade or manufactures retire to the
country; but the number is very small compared
to those who in the morning of life leave the
country for the town. To stop up the channels of
trade, to impede the growth of manufactures, to
limit the employment and the means of subsist-
ence is, our Contemporary concludes, to keep
down the people to a limited number by starving
then" - -

We. have more confidence in the legislative
wisdom of Mr. HEWETT and his like, touching
food, than in the Earl of RIPON. The mob broke
into that Nobleman's residence in 1815 because he
was the active man in passing the Corn-law. The
mob resisted the passing of that law to the best of
their ability, though their means of resistance
were uncouth. Now, at present, there is scarcely
an impartiLl man in the empire who will not
admit that the mob in 1815 were much wiser
than the Earl of RIPON, and that, had_their ad-
vice been followed instead of his, the country
would have been spared the calamities which the
continuance of Corn-laws for twenty-six years
has caused.

----
In that conclusion we entirely agree, and it is I
one to which we have already and veryfrequently
directed attention. Wehav
e also, without hei-
stigmatized. the laws wiii
tation, c 1 1 have this ef-
fect as mu rderous.or very criminal laws. Those who
what has
at all acquainted. with '
are been sail by
our ablest political writers on the subject, must
be aware that to curtail the means of employing,
feeding, and increab-aw, the population, is really
to inflict on society " all the ills that flesh is
heir to." To allude to theiu all we 'must draw
up a dismal et_:talogue, that
.Ivould only terrify
the reader, and even bring political science into
discredit, became that power whi-,_;h. the human
being has of adapting himself, even to artificial
circumstances, and almost of educing good froth
evil, serves at all times to correct the errors and
blunders of Statesmen, and palliates the mighty
injustice they inflict on the people. There is,
however, one principle which, from its effects

But when the masses see this ignorance in the
law-makers, when they see the law-makers sub-
jected to the common passions of our nature,
and acting from the meanest and most despicable
motives,—When they see them guilty of the
groseq oppression, how can the masses continue
to revereuee those above them ? The Post implies
that the
.people alone are to Llama fbr having
cast off the 'restraint of reverence; but may it not
also be the case that those above them no longer
deserve reverence? The nobility were the leaders,
the priests were the teachers of society; but now
they neither lead nor teach the people, they only
vex and oppress them. Let the nobility and the
priesthood again resume their ancient duties, be
again the guides and instructors of the people,
if that be possible, and the people will reverence
them quite as much as they deserve.

in corrupting the mind, deserves to be briefly

adverted to.

Why do we look for generous and noble deeds
. .
to the upper, or gentlemanly.ctas.ses, and whY is
anything meat: or p:ticel doubly
''
mean and pal-
ful wlten practise& by 'Ale of them . Clearly
becau%e they are aburr.iantly supplied, arid are
comparatively. at t'-eir case' IVIly, again,
do vre -e7,iellse, sit flu* as we can excuse
them, tueattno: s, pt.':ttyroggiug., overreae:iing, Or tiki!ig petty , advantages, v.iid all the low and
sordid lairsni:s oi itucksters,
sort ofofpedlars, pedlars., and such
prsons"! 13e,:ause they are poor, i'vad plead
the neee':isities. of their cow::lion. Prop grit' or
affluence. is that e,.,ndition of individuals and
of mtriety front wl:Teli the g
tive destitution f-alerous and en-
nobling 1 ii.t. acs spri Cr; ; while :;-2;:;-2;)t-,,a,, or compara-
, or `be apprehension of want, is
the pareiit of hard-heartedness, meanness, and
low', despicable, vice. I.
:ram want, poverty, and
411111.14144191114 ett.le eatalonvcrimes. All
, e of
_____. .. -
'`e Prosperity 13,2f0re them, are
/ • ' ' ',kit - - i';'elk 'I.
•fr •fflledi klO-P ,1,--- ert ilness; kindness, and, ge7
4,
k„,nerosity,wyhile tli".‘ . exdrse
.4lspos• ition,-; 'a're the
If; cOn.Bequence 00'4ig Firehension of.'slaking-ill
the scale of sucl4/
,
or of falling into p‘v,rtY*

The French Journals of Thursday have all
been ree....ived. They bring a t-ood deal of in-
teresting rims from Spain, which will be found•
in another part of The Situ.' In the lironitei,r
o Thursday we find the following. official des-
patches front the • Spanish frontier, containing
for the rnoit part repetitions of the intelligence
oubllsbed in The Sure of Friday. The first is the
whole devateh of the
~Ilth interrupted by
nightfall :

"Bayonne, Oct.
" TILE GENERAL COMMANDING TILE 20TII MILITAIIT

DIi'ISION TO THE MINISTER OF WAR.
•" No further news from Madrid. The ordinary mails
still due. Pumpeluna and Bilbao, on the 9th in the same
situation. Urbistondo has had a slight engagement,
without result, with Iturbe. Some villages in Alva, be-
yond the Ebra, have declared for the movement. General
Alcala Still at TokAa: Colonel Fernandez collecting-.
furcesat liergara. in favour of O'Donnell. It is said he.
ILS already 500 men. Bands forming in the any irons of

.." Bayou!le, Oct. 12..
s'..;Tilt: Shill-PREFECT' TO THE 3IINISTER OF TIIE
INTERIOR.
" A 133411i11-Ito of the itegeut states that the banner

revolt has been fal-rely unfurled in th, name of Queen
Christina; and promises its prompt and energetic rei r s-
sion. On the 10th the citadel of. Pampeluna fired can-
non on the town. The consequences unknown. As-
serted that the feral deputation of Guipuzcoa is about to
declare in favour of Christina. Saragossa has declared
against the movement. The second regiment of the
Guards, which had pronounced in-favour of the move-
megias submitted and returned into the town."
" Bayonne, Oct. 12.
"THE MARITIME CHIEF TO THE MINISTER OF THE MARINE.

" Advices from Passages state that the deputation of
Guipuzcoa has been to Urbistonclo at Bergara. Thought
with the view of exciting a levy en masse in favour of
the Queen Mother. Portugalette has pronounced for
her, and Logroilo-for Espartero. A provincial battalion
from Burgos, summoned by General Alcala, stopped at
Vittoria with General Piquero. The return of General
Alcala to St. Sebastian is expected."
The two latter reached Paris only on the evening of
the 13th, in consequence of the state of the atmosphere :
" Bayonne, Oct. 13.
" THE SUB-PREFECT TO THE MINISER OF THE INTERIOR.

" On the 11th Pampeluna was again summoned to sur-
render. On the refusal of the Captain-General, the
firing was continued, and caused great damage. The
Regent has replaced Ribeiro by General Ayerbe from
Arragon."

Queen CHRISTINA, it appears, has given her
Royal word that she will not quit Paris without
the consent of the French Government. A
stronger security than the" pledge of a dishon-
oured and dishonourable woman, was exacted
from DON CARLOS when compelled to seek an
asylum in France. Is Louts
.PHILIPPE ignorant
that by the laws of the Spanish Monarchy
CHRISTINA, by her connexion with MUNOZ, cannot
fill the office of guardian to the young QUEEN ?
His MAJESTY iS perfectly aware that it is not
yet three weeks since she gave birth to a second
or a third little MuNoz, and yet hardly do the
throes ot• travail cease to be felt when she sanc-
tions a murderous night attack on the palace of
her own daughter, and againgi the lives of her
guardians and protectors. Whereibre, then, is
CHRISTINA not sent to prison to keep com-
pany with her Royal brother-in-law ? For
what does she make war on . Spain ?
Her daughter, whom she recognises as
Queen, is Sovereign of that country. As the
wife of MUNOZ, she herself can neither be
Regent nor guardian of her daughter. She is,
theretbre, without the shadow of a legitimate
pretext for disturbing the peace of Spain, and
ought to be proceeded against as the chief of a
band of assassins.

A few days since a suicide, attended with extraordi-
nary circumstances, cast a gloom over the commune of
Watermael-Boitsford, near Brussels. On the preceding
day, a well-dressed man, who appeared about 40, took
a vigilante, and desired the driver to take him beyond
the wood of La Cambre, to Boitsfort. Upon arriving
at the spot he had named, he requested the driver to
return to Brussels with a letter, to be delivered into the
hands ;of M. his friend, living near the Canal.
This was punctually performed. Immediately after the
d'parture of the coachman, the stranger put his me-
lancholy purpose into execution, and, about two hours
afterwards, his body was discovered on the causeway,
near Boendael. On the left side was a wound inflicted
with a pistol that was lying by his side ; there were
also found near him a small phial containing a whitish
liquid presumed to be poison, a flask of aniseed, ar.d a
drinking-glass. In his pockets were found 33fr. and a
note, without signature, as follows :—" To M. R--,
at the Canal, near the Pig Market in Brussels, who will
recognise the unfortunate person who has put an end to
his life." M. R-- lost no time in repairing to the
spot, and the corpse was found to be that of Jean
Verbaere, tax-gatherer at. Beerzele, a married man and
the father of duce children. Hitherto no cause has
been assigned for the act.
The Constantinople correspondence of the Constitu-
tionnel contains the following:—" Two remarkably beau-
tiful Turkish women have been recently carried of by
some Russians. Their master—fur they were s?aves—
laid a.. complaint before the Pale, 'and reclaimed
them, with some jewels they carried off. The jewels
were restored, but the women were placed under the
protection of the Russian Chancellery, which refused to
give them up, alleging that they were Georgians. One
of them is really so, and speaks Russian with great
fluency, but the other is a native of Constantinople. They
had cost the Turk 15,000 piastres. It is generally be-
lieved that neither of them will be given up." As a
pendant to this story, the Augsburg Gazette says that a
female has been lately discovered in the ranks of a Turk-
ish regiment, in which she had served four years as a
common soldier. She had left her home, in Anatolia,
from being on bad terms with her husband. She was im-
mediately taken before the Sultan, this journal adds, and
his Highness, after giving her several presents, directed
that she should have liberty to go where she liked, with-
out being compelled to return to her husband.
Baron d'Este, says the Echo of Lille, has been 'ar-
rested at the Porte de Gavel at that city. Ile was re-
turning into France from Belgium, and, being without a
passport was taken into custody. This Journal adds
that he was much dejected, and had his eyes filled with,
tears. It was stated yesterday on 'Change that M. d'Este
was going to return to Paris, and endeavour to settle his
differences.

The Correctional Tribunal of Brussels was occupied
on Saturday with a charge of adultery preferred by Mr.
J., aged 83, against his wife and a Mr. S. (ex-Captain)
both 53 years of age ! The Court, in consideration of
the extenuating circumstances, and that the damage
caused to the husband did not exceed 25 francs, con-
demned the culprits to only 15 days' imprisonment.
The Breton of Nantes, 12th inst., says :—" The Eng-
lish schooner Warlock, Captain Smith, from Sierra
Leone, with a cargo of palm oil fur London, has put in
at St. Nazaire. This vessel, which carried on the slave.
trade under Brazilian colours, was taken by the British
cruisers, and has been sent to England.
The Havre papers state that, during a fire of a counting-
house and other commercial buildings in that town, on
Saturday last, a pocket-book containing bills to the
amount of 10,000 fr. was abstracted. On Tuesday morn-
ing, M. Lecoq, the owner, received an envelope contain-
ing one half of the bills, with a note evidently written in
a disguised hand, intimating that as soon as the detainers
of the rest bad gained their object they should also be
restored.

It is affirmed that Espartero intends to form on tt..e
other side of the Pyrenees a cordon of 50,0:-_
,70 men
against the intrigues of Maria Christina. - •
at Paris ; it is supposed that. fiP _
Several members of the family Rothschild are now
object of this family
meeting is to come to ^
jonse.Tnt
tetnrdi dse
tor s t amtdi
Intaken go
n respectingliond a n thee xt
fortendere Ilvohainch t,b e
150 millions.—La Gazette de France.
It is rmed that the commercial negotiations between
B^.:/gium and France, which seemed. to be broken oll; are
r,,sunied. In support of this assertion it is added that
Mr, Haumanna, bookseller, of Brussels, has arrived at
Paris, specially instructed to treat on the subjeo4 of lite-
rary piracy. We do not know what truth there may be
in this news, but it seems to us that the Belgian Commis-
sioners, who left Paris, it is said, for the pur-
pose of obtaining fresh instructiens, must have
been very expeditious. As for the mission of Hau-
manna (if he has any mission), it appears to us wholly
out of the usual way. The literary piracy practised in
Belgium cannot be made the subject of a stipulation in
the treaty; no compensation, no indemnity, can be asked
in return for its suppression. This piracy is a robbery—
a spoliation, contrary to the modern law of notions ;
to enter into a discussion about this robbery, eteept to
demand that it shall be immediately and Unconditionally
put a stop to, would be only acknowledging the Belgians
t
to have a right, which they have not.—Le Constitutionne
BOURSE-4'AM, THURSDAY, OCT. 14.
":".t ' Highest Lowest Last
'rend) 5 per Cents. ex; Price Price.
... lr-lice6 1 Prato P1r4170
4 per 51) ... 98 50 „ 95 50 ... t 8 50
3 "ea Cont,... 7O 50 -. 79 60 ... 79 40 .. 7:1 4C
of eranc..: NI4S ..2345 .
..eigian Bank
;841 ' 1020 „ IG2O _lOl7 50 —lOl7 50
Belgian 5 pee onus.
1840 102% 10214 10251 1144,
Dutch 2yq per Cents. 52 ... t 2 52
tl ... 21 ... .o'' 0
Passive .....« 4% .„ ... ...
rea,oot4u
lowan ;O4 104 ... 104 ... 104

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1841.

4 441,4;1(4,4as
„, ~•••
• &bp

Ittn