The Sun.
London, England, 1847-06-23 00:00:00

Nro. 17,086, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING SU N 7

MISIMITIOZIWIMUIIMMIMMEILJMN6.I
LONDON ASSURANCE CORPORATION,
FOR LIFE, FIRE, AND MARINE ASSURANCE.
Established by Royal Charter, 1720.
Offices, 7, Royal Exchange, Cornhill, and 10, Regent-street.
This long established body has recently issued a new Prospectus,
embracing a variety of very eligible pans for Life Assurance, and
which may be had by a written or personal application. The ex-
penses of managing the Life Department are defrayed by the Corpo-
ration, and not taken from the premium fund.
JOIIN LAURENCE, Secretary.

CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAILWAY.
SIXTH CALL of FIVE FOUNDS PER SHARE, making
the amount called 321. 10s. per Share.
In pursuance of a Resolution of the Board of Directors, SHARE-
HOLDERS in this Company are required TO I'AY, on or before
WEDNESDAY, the 21st July next, a CALL of FIVE POUNDS per
SHARE, to either of the undermentioned Bankers:—
London . Messrs. (11.)n and Co., Lombard-street.
Liverpool • • —Liverpool Borough Bank.
Bangor• •• • —Messrs. Williams an Co.
Interest 4t the rate of Five per Cent. per Annum will be charged
on all Calls remaining unpaid on the said 21st July.
By order, GEORGE KING, Secretary.
61, Moorgate-street: London, June 22, 1R47.

GREAT SOUTIIERN AND NVESTEIiN
RAILWAY (IRELAND).
EIGHTH CALL-51. PER SHARE,
Making 35/. called up on each Share.
Notice is hereby given, that in pursuance of a resolution passed
by the Board of Directors, the PROPRIETORS of SHARES in the
Consolidated Capital of this Company are hereby REQUIRED to
PAY a CALL of M. PER SHARE, 2/. 10s. on or before FRIDAY,
the 25th day of June, and 2/. 108. on or before MONDAY, the 26th
day of July next, to any of the undermentioned Bankers. Accord-
ing to the provisions of the Acts of Incorporation, Interest at the
rate of Four per Cent. per Annum, payable half-yearly, will be
Allowed on the amount of Deposits and Calls paid up until the Rail-
way shall he completed ; but should any Call remain unpaid after
the day above-named, Interest at the rate of Five per Cent. per
Annum will be Charged thereon ; and " no interest shall accrue to
the Proprietor of any Share upon which any Call shall be In arrear
in respect of such Share, or any other Share to be holden by the
same Proprietor during the period while such Call shall remain un-
paid." By Order of the Board,
WILLIAM TAYLOR. Secretary.
3, College-green, Dublin, May 22, 1847.
Bank of Ireland, Dublin.
Messrs. Glyn and Co., Lombard-street, London.
Manchester and Salford Bank, Manchester.
Bank of Liverpool, Liverpool.
.Borough Bank, ditto.
All Shareholders wishing to pay money in anticipation of Calls,
will be allowed Interest on same at the rate of Five per Cent. per
Annum from the date of payment.

SOCIETY OF PAINTERS IN WATER COLOURS.
THE FORTY-THIRD ANNUAL EXHIBI-
TION is NOW OPEN, at their Gallery, 5, PALL-MALL
EAST, each day; from Nine till Dusk.
Admittance, One Shilling. Catalogue, Sixpence.
J. W. WRIGHT, Sec.

COCKERMOUTII.
TO be SOLD pursuant to an ORDER of the
HIGH COURT of CHANCERY, made in a Cause, " Wil-
kinson v. Messenger," by Mr. ROBERT RICHARD SO, at the
Sun Inn, Cockermouth, in the County of Cumberland, on MoNnev,
the 26th of June instant, at Three o'Clock in the Afternoon,
All those FREEHOLD and CUSTOMARY LANDS and PRE-
MISES, situate at Blindcrake, in the parish of Isel, near Cocker-
mouth aforesaid, late the property of Jonathan Messenger, deceased.
Printed Particulars may be had gratis, at the Chambers of Master
Horne, in Southampton-buildings, London ; of Messrs. Steel, and of
Mr. Senhouse, solicitors, Cockermouth; of Messrs. Bischoff and
Coxe, solicitors, 19, Coleman-street, London; of Mr. Armstrong, so-
licitor, No. 8, Staple Inn; and of Mr. Robert Richardson, the auc-
loneer ; and at the Sun Inn, Cockermouth.

REDUCED FARES.
THE GENERAL STEAM NAVIGATION
COMPANY'S splendid and powerfhl first-class STEAM-
-HIPS are appointed to leave—
Custom-House or Tower, for—
HAMBURGII, carrying her Majesty's Mails, every Wednesday
and Saturday Morning.
From Blackwall Pier, for—
ROTTERDAM and the RHINE, carrying her Majesty's Mails—
Every Wednesday and Saturday, at Ten, Morning.
ANTWERP and the RIIINE—The Soho, every Thursday, at
Ten, Morning.
OSTEND—Every Wednesday and Saturday Morning. 26th, at
Eleven, 30th, at Two Morning.
From St. Katharine's Steam Wharf, for—
HA.VRE—Every Thursday and Sunday, at Eight, Morning.
From London-bridge Wharf, for—
BOULOGNE—In Eight Hours, every Wednesday, Thursday, and
Saturday Morning.
CALAIS—Every Thursday and Sunday Morning.
HULL—Every Tuesday and Friday, at Eight, Morning.
YARMOUTH—Every Wednesday and Saturday, at Six, Evening.
RAMSGATE—Every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, at half-
past Nine, Morning.
From Brown's Wharf, Poplit, for
From
EDINBURGH—The Trident, this present Wednesday, at Ten
Night; the Clarence, Saturday, 26th; the Leith, Saturday, July 3„
at Ten, Night.
From Hore's Stearn Wharfs, Wapping, for—
NEWCASTLE—Every Wednesday and Saturday, at Eight, Even-
ing. Chief Cabin, 11. ; Second Cabin, 12s.
Between BRIGHTON and DIEPPE—Every Wednesday and
Saturday.
Between BRIGHTON and lIAVRE—Every Monday and Thurs-

day.
Between DOVER and BOULOGNE—DaiIy (Sunday excepted).
To secure Berths, for Freight, and for Bills, containing hours 01
departure, fares, &c., apply at the Offices, 69, Lombard-street ; 37,
Regent-circus ; and 35, Leadenhall-street.

SUPERIOR SHEFFIELD PLATED DISH
COVERS, with strong silver mountings and silver shields
for engraving the crest or coat of arms.
Table Dish Covers. Light Plating. Heavy Plating.
The Gadroon pattern .•• • • ... 11 0 0 .. £l5 12 6
The shaped Montrose pattern • . 12 6 6 .. 16 17 6
The Grosvenor pattern ........15 0 0 20 6 6
The Albert pattern .. • • ........ 15 0 Q • . 20 6
The Gordon pattern ••• • . • • 12 6 6 .. 16 17 6
The above sets comprise lour dish covers—viz., ono 20-inch, one
18-inch, and two 14-inch.
A. B. SAVORY and SONS, Manufacturing Silversmiths, 14,
Cornhill, London, opposite the Bank of England.

REMARKABLE CASE of RESTORATION.
A striking instance of the power of scientific art to remedy
the detects of nature has lately occurred in the case of a Mr. F. Balls,
a gentleman residing at Northam, in Norfolk, who, in the year 1842,
on returning from tiariestone 3larket to Weybred, where he then re-
sided, sustained so severe a fall from his horse, as to bring on an ill-
acne of several months' duration, during which period his hair con-
tinued to come off, till he became, to use his own terms, " as perfectly
bald as if his head had been shaved;" and the Rev. J. E. Daniel,
then clergyman of the parish, offered him a wig as a subStitute for
his lost hair. Under these circumstances, he was induced to try the
effect of ROWLAND'S MACASSAR OIL, and it is highly gratifying
to add, with the most happy results. As soon as part of a bottle was
used the growth recommenced, and he has new to boast of a very
thick and luxuriant . head of hair, which presents this peculiarity,
that, though prior to losing his hair it evinced no tendency to curl,
the new growth is curly and strong. This fact speaks too strongly
for itself to require observation.—Bell's Mener.
*** Beware of " Spurious Imitations!-The genuine article has
the words " ROWLAND'S NIACASSAR OIL " on the wrapper.
Price 3s. Gd.-7s.—Family Bottles (equal to four small), 10s. Gd.;
and double that size, 21s. per Bottle.
Sold by the Proprietors, at 20, Hatton-garden, London; and by al
Chemists and Perfumers.

AR E,A G E
31 One half the world are desolately single, and the other
supposing them married, questionably contented. Diffidence, or a
sense of right determme the former, and miscalculated hopes em-
Isitter the latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea
of caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret un-
comprosing hurry ; but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity,
and broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness
and social content. The dowry should not be the only marriage set-
tlement. Honour and justice demand that health should form an item
In the compact ; it alone dignifies the alliance. Blighted hopes or
neglect wound more sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, if
these surmises concern you, procure Dr.
ELLCULVERWE'S little
MEMOIRS "On Single and Married Life, " pub. in ols. Is.
each (by post, in stamps, Is. 6d. each). Let no imaginatively
refined, or prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hindered
by misinterpretation of their supposed contents, from obtaining
them. They arc not intended certainly for mere idle curiosity, but
for the closet perusal of those more deeply interested, to whom
they are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on
the above subjects, by ulqualitled authors, which alone or
together, are a disgrace to the age. Furthermore, two other
little publications claim your attention (same price Is. each,
by post Is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and
Avoid," and " How to be Happy." They are not merely
pamphlets, but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the
mere ephemeral scribblings of the hour, but the study of the author's
life, who owes his present existence, health, and position to this ob-
servance of the mixims he would inculcate—ta do unto others as he
would be done unto—to live after nature's laws—and to keep always
sonnh,etcrh,oyero7i,ini2;3ny,Nise,,aildsteeornoi,ifo4tsslcee,rN-Ivri,a.c3i.t';' The above works may be had of
StrandC av a TB° ,a1r4n7,,,
Barnes,
oe .s treet;
Oxford-streetil n
or direct (by post or otherwise) from the author (who may be
con-
ferred with personally, mornings and evenings), 10, Argyll-place,
Regent-street ; and all Booksellers.

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY ELECTION.
LORD FEILDING'S COMMITTEE SIT DAILY at the
BRITISH HOTEL, 27, COCKSPUR-STREET, Sir GEORGE 11.
ROSE, Bart., Chairman.

TO THE PROPRIETuRS OF
EAST INDIA STOCK.
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN,
THE 30th instant having been fixed for the
Election of a Director for the vacancy occasioxed by the
death of General Itobertson, I have the honour to Intimate to you,
that proxy papers will, in the course of a few days, be forwarded for
the signature of such of my supporters as may prefer tkat mode of
recording their votes in my favour, and request that such as may be
absent, or about to leave their residence, will kindly favour me with
their address, in order to ensure the early return of those necessary
documents. I have the honour to avail myself of the present oppor-
tunity to return my cordial thanks to my supporters and friends, and
to assure them that their continued kind exertions will render the
success of the contest beyond a doubt.
1 have the honour to remain,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Your obedient and faithful servant,
J. CAULFEILD.
London Tavern, June 18, 1847.

IRELAND.
THE POTATO DISEASE.
DUBLIN, JUNE 20.—The caution which was exer-
cised in withholding a too ready confidence in the
sanguine statements put forward for the last month
respecting the hopeful prospects of the new potato
crop, appears not to have been misplaced. The un-
favourable reports to-day, though by no means
general, are yet sufficiently striking to convince the
most sceptical that the old disease is gradually de-
veloping itself, and that the less reliance that is
placed, now and hereafter, on this precarious root as
the staple article of food, the better will it be for all
parties—growers and consumers, or both. In an
extensive district betwoen Eyrecourt, in the county
of Galway, and Banagher, in the King's County, the
plague spot of last year made its appearance in a crop
which up to a day or two previous presented a healthy
and luxuriant aspect. In the county of Antrim, too
several failures have been discovered; but the most
convincing proof of the prevalence of the blight will
be found in the following letter addressed to the
Limerick Examiner by the gardener to Lord Massey,
a person possessed of no ordinary share of scientific
and agricultural knowledge :
" Sir,—As I was the first, through your paper,
last year to give information of the potato crops
round Limerick being infected with the disease, and
as the papers publish various accounts of it—some
asserting there is, in their opinion, disease this year
—others, that there is none, and that the crops of
potatoes never looked more promising; and as many
of your readers are anxious to hear my opinion of
the matter, I, therefore, warn all those who have
been so foolish as to plant potatoes, to lose no time
in replanting the land with something else, as there
is not the least shadow of a doubt but that almost in
every instance the potatoes are very much diseased.
I have been watching it since last January, and it is
making rapid progress. Do not be deceived by the
appearance of the tops until it will be too late to sow
turnips, for be assured it will convince sooner or later
that it has done its work. I examined a garden yes-
terday belonging to a gentleman in this neighbour-
hood, planted with seed that he brought direct from
the south of Spain, and they are showing symptoms
of disease as much as any I have examined. You
may make any use you like of the above.
" I remain, Sir, your obedient servant,
" DAVID HACKNEY.
" Hermitage, Castle Council, June 18."
As a set off to this intelligence there are highly
favourable reports from Westmeath, Clare, and parts
of Limerick, Antrim, and Galway.
THE PUBLIC 'WORKS.

It has been already stated that the whole monster
system of Public Works shall cease and determine on
the 15th of August. In addition to this wholesome
retrenchment it is added, that from the same day Go-
vernment mean to dispense with the services of the
Commissariat Department in Ireland.
THE L A NDLORDS.—THE NEW RELIEF SYSTEM.
A meeting of the landed proprietors and rate-payers
of the barony of Inchigeela, county of Cork, was held
at the close of last week, Major-General Shuldam in
the chair, when the following resolutions, not the least
curious that these strange times have produced, were
unanimously adopted :
" It having been stated by the Relief Committee
that while the population of the parish of Inchigeela
does not now amount to more than about 5,000, and

the entire landed property is only valued at 7,4541.
or 1421. per week, the issue of rations for the last
week has been over 21,000 and the weekly estimate
1871., or nearly one-third more than the entire value
of the parish :
" Resolved,--That while we readily admit the
rightful claim of all the destitute to be afforded the
means of support for themselves and their families,
and would deeply deplore the loss of a single life by
famine, we cannot but view with the greatest alarm
the perilous situation in which all persons dependent
on land for their support are now placed, and the utter
ruin in which they must inevitably be .involved if the
present system of relief be continued—a system which,
while it barely affords a wretched and very inade-
quate subsistence to the poor, is calculated to degrade
the labouring class to a state of habitual pauperism,
to foster habits of idleness, at the same time demo-
aalizing them by congregating such numbers for se-
veral hours in each day without any employment, and
to exhaust the resources of the farmer and landlord,
without affording any prospect of remuneration.
" That owing to the great number of proprietors of
the soil, the smallness of the interests of many in the
properties they hold, the poverty of the working far-
mers in general, and the difficuty of prevailing on all
concerned to unite, we see no probability of being
able to accomplish a voluntary assessment, so as to
become entitled to the aid proffered in such cases by
Government.
" That, under these circumstances, we conceive the
only practical mode of averting the impending ruin
is, by each person possessing ground giving employ-
ment to the fullest extent in his power to the labour-
ing class, so as to remove as many as possible from
the relief lists, by which means he:would receive some
return for the money expended, instead of as at pre-
sent, supportingsthose labourers without any return
whatever.
That we should strongly urge on all landed pro-
prietors to stimulate and assist their tenants to the
sf bthye the
eb grantomu made
de labourer,
ofba ynl odaal nl
the se l
aosrlsaednsrdateodfining,mpereotpf ertniheceti
proprietor
,e
bese &c.,
utmost of their ability in availing themselves of the
aid provided by Government for the improvement of
under the full conviction that unless the most strenuous
feloar exertionsfarms by the grant of loans for draining, fencing, &c.,
under the full conviction that unless the most strenuous
exertions are made by all classes to meet the present
crisis,
the working farmers must soon partake of the
sharer in their ruin.
"That in consequence of the absence of several of
the landed proprietors of this district, and the want
of information on the provisions of the act lately
passed for the improvement of landed property, this
meeting be adjourned to Thursday the 31st inst., in
the hope that all concerned may be inducid to attend
and give their aid in endeavouring to rescue them-
selves and their dependents from the ruin with which
they are now threatened."
MURDER TWENTY YEARS AGO.
The Belfast papers of Saturday contain the report
of an adjourned inquest on the body of the late Hugh
Dunlop, Balloo, in the barony of Ards, that was found
buried in Gransha bog, on the 2d inst., which was
held on Thursday, before the coroner, Mr. Ward, of
Downpatrick, in the public-house of Mr. John Mar-
tin, who resides beyond the Six Road-ends, on the
road leading from N ewtonards to Donaghadee. The
circumstances concerning the death of Dunlop are of
a most mysterious character. He was missed from
the neighbourhood about twenty-one years ago :
and not the least trace of him was found until
Wednesday, the 2d instant, when the body was
discovered by two persons named Hayes, father
and son, in the above named bog, at the
depth of four feet. Three sticks were laid over the
body, one across the breast, another over the thighs,
and the third across the legs. Immediately after the
body was found, several persons who had been inti-
mate with the deceased identified it as that of Hugh
Dunlop. An inquest was held on Saturday, the sth
inst., and four witnesses were examined as to the
identity of the man ; but it was deemed advisable, in
consequence of some rumours having been circulated
to the effect that Dunlop's family, who are still alive,
to his supposed murder, to adjourn until
were Thursday
last. Deceased's body had been lying at
Mr. Martin's house since that period; and great
numbers of people from different parts of the country
have come to see it. Its appearance resembled some-
what that of a preserved mummy. It was of a dark
brown colour, and the flesh on the trunk was in a
singular state of preservation. The legs and thighs
were greatly shrivelled up, and there was scarcely
any flesh on them. The marks made by the
pressure of the sticks were very visible. When first
discovered the features of the face were more dis-
cernible than what they were on Thursday, because
it had been for a few days exposed to the influence of
the weather, besides having been tossed and other-
wise injured by the country people who came to exa-
mine it. The principal marks of identity were upon
and a protuberance
theraisef odoofut
u,w
ahu hda
weread
strikingly been
peculiarb ro k ehollownessenv in the nose,ident to an observer.
both ,
There were no external marks of violence on the body.
A strong feeling of prejudice has been created for
miles round the country against the family of the
deceased.
After a number of witnesses had been examined,
whose testimony, however, threw but little light on
this mysterious transaction, the jury, after a short
deliberation, returned the following verdict :—" We
find that the body of the man found in Gransha bog
is the body of the late Hugh Dunlop, of Primacy,
in the parish of Balloo, county of Down, who has not
been seen since June of 1827 ; and we are of opinion
that the said Hugh Dunlop's death was caused
by violent means, though we have not evidence to
show by whom."
A reward of 50/. has been offered to any person
who will prosecute to conviction the supposed mur-
derers of the deceased.

ORIENTAL BANK.—A meeting of the proprietors
of the Oriental Bank was held yesterday, at their offices,
Walbrook, when the new regulations for the govern-
ment of the bank, which were adopted at the annual
general meeting in December last, were confirmed as
the laws for, their futuredirections,

ON THE CULTIVATION OF COT-
TON IN NORTH EASTERN AUSTRALIA.
The following communication on this important
subject appears in the Glasgow Argus of June 21 :
Edinburgh, 17th June, 1847.
Sir,—Having recently returned to this country
from New South Wales, with a view to promote the
general welfare and advancement of that colony,
my attention has for some time past been strongly
directed to a subject of transcendent importance, not
only to our remote colonial community, but to the
entire manufacturing interest of the mother country,
and to the cause of humanity—l mean the practica-
bility of growing cotton, of superior quality, and to
any conceivable extent, by means of European free
labour in North-Eastern Australia.
Towards the close of the year 1845, I made a tour
to the northern portion of our vast colonial territory,
with a view to ascertain its capabilities as a field for
emigration, for virtuous and industrious families,
and individuals of the middle and humbler classes
of society in this country ; and in the course of my
visit to the Brisbane River Settlement, in Moreton
Bay, latitude 214 deg. S. I was particularly struck
with the vigorous and healthy appearance of the cotton
plant which I found growing there (merely, however,
as an article of curiosity), and with what appeared to
me the superior quality of its produce. And know-
ing, as I did at the time, that the climate was in the
highest degree salubrious, and perfectly adapted, not-
withstanding its comparatively low latitude, to the
constitution of the European field labourer, I could
not help thinking that the prospect which the cir-
cumstances opened up was highly encouraging to the
colony, as affording the assurance of remunerating
employment to a free immigrant European popula-
tion of any amount, and likely to prove of the utmost
importance to Great Britain, and to the interests of
humanity ; for, if European free labour could be
applied successfully and profitably, as I felt assured
it might, to the cultivation of cotton in our own Aus-
tralian colonies, it appeared to me that not only might
this country be supplied with the raw material for
her principal manufactures from her own colonies, but
that a new and unexpected, a legitimate and power-
ful, influence would thereby be brought to bear upon
the extinction of slavery in America.
On my return to Sydney, I mentioned the subject
to several gentlemen of high standing in our Colonial
community, and partioularly to certain of the lead-
ing members of our Provincial Legislature ; and I
was encouraged, by their entire concurrence in my
own views and opinions in the matter, to bring it
under the notice of gentlemen connected with the
cotton trade in this country. I have accordingly
prepared a work, which will shortly be published,
illustrative of the capabilities of North-Eastern Aus-
tralia, particularly for the growth of cotton, by
means of European free labour; but the importance
of the subject, and its bearings on one of the great
questions of the day, (the means of affording remu-
nerating employment and permanent subsistence to
the destitute population of extensive districts of this
country,) have induced me to solicit attention to it
through the press, on the part of those who are more
immediately connected with the cotton manufactures
of the country, previous to the publication of that
work. I am prepared, therefore, to prove, to the
satisfaction of all unprejudiced persons, the following
important points :-
1. That in North-Eastern Australia, or the tract of
country extending northwards along the Southern
Pacific, from the 30th parallel of south latitude, to the
Tropic of Capricorn—a range of latitude in the
southern hemisphere precisely the same as that of the
ancient land of Egypt in the northern,—there is a
vast extent of land of the first quality for the cultiva-
tion of cotton.
2. That cotton, which has been grown from Ame-
rican seed in this tract of country, casually, as a mere
article of curiosity, and without any attention to its
cultivation, has been pronounced by one of the first
houses in the trade in Glasgow, a very valuable kind,
which, if imported in quantity, would readily bring
at present from 11d. to ls. a lb.
3. That this tract of country possesses facilities for
water carriage in extensive bays, inlets, estuaries and
rivers, all navigable for steam-boats to an extent un-
surpassed by those of any other tract of country,
without exception, having the same extent of coast,
in the British empire.
4. That the climate is in the highest degree salu-
brious, and perfectly adapted, notwithstanding the
comparatively low latitude, to the constitution of the
European field labourer. These points lam pre.
pared to verify, not only from my own personal ob-
servation and experience, but from the medical sta-
tistics of the district for the last seven years, and
from the testimonies of public functionaries of various
professions. and of undoubted intelligence and vera-
city. And
5. That for an industrious European population to
grow cotton for exportation, as an article of agricul-
ral produce, on their own account, could be carried
out from the mother country and settled progres-
sively along the bays, inlets, and rivers of this tract
of country, wherever the soil and situation might
render the formation of such settlements desirable,
without costing either the mother country or the
cotton trade in particular one farthing of expense
eventually ; for as an Act of Parliament provides that
land in the Australian Colonies shall not be sold for
less than a pound an acre, and that the proceeds of
such sales shall be appropriated for the promotion of
emigration, there is land enough in the tract of coun-
try I refer to, of the first quality for the cultivation
of cotton and other tropical produce, as well as of
all sorts of European grain, fruits, roots, and vege-
tables, to pay for the progressive occupation of the
entire redundant population of Scotland ten times
over. It would be necessary, indeed, in the first in-
stance, to advance the funds requisite for defraying
the cost of the emigration of the labouring popula-
tion to be employed eventually in this branch of
cultivation ; but the land that would be received
from the Government, either in trust or in perpetuity,
for these funds, would form an ample security for
their ultimate repayment, together with a higher rate
of interest in the meantime than in ordinary circum-
stances is procurable at home.
The special reason that has induced me to direct
the attention of the cotton trade to this subject at the
present moment is, that as emigration to Canada will,
in all likelihood, have ceased for the present year
very shortly, in consequence of the absolute neces-
sity of making timely provision, on the part of the
emigrants to that country, for the rigours of its long
and dreary winter, it would be quite practicable, in
the event of the idea I have suggested being carried
out, to effect a large emigration to Australia during
this present year; as it is of no consequence at what
season of the year a ship sails for that country, pro-
vided she can once get fairly off the land. Five
thousand persons, including perhaps three or four
thousand of the very people who, by a Destitution
Committee, are now feeding on public charity in the
Highlands and Islands, could be shipped off
with perfect safety for that portion of Australia to
which I have been referring, before Christmas. And
supposing that these emigrants should include, as
I would propose they should, perhaps a hundred
families of practical gardeners, or persons accustomed
in some measure to the cultivation of exotic plants
at home, to introduce the cultivation of cotton in
their adopted country, and whereby to set an example
to the rest of the emigrants (who would, generally
speaking, require, of course, to hire themselves out
as farm servants, shepherds, household servants, or
labourers, in the first instance). I could pledge my-
self that the whole number of these emigrants would
find immediate and eligible employment in the dis-
trict, in one or other of these capacities, on their
arrival in the colony, and until they are able to settle
successfully on land, as they would be able to do
very soon, if at all industrious and economical, on
their own account.
In reference to the climate and general capabili-
ties of the country I have been describing, the
following is the testimony of Oliver Fay, Esq., J.P.
Commissioner for Crown Lands for the Clarence
District, in North Australia:—" I am satisfied there
is no part of New South Wales, however, justly
it may be famed for the salubrity of its climate,
which is more conducive to the health of the
human body than the district of Clarence River."
And again—" On the whole, a four years' residence
in the district has confirmed me in the opinion, that
no country ever came from the hand of its Creator
more eminently qualified to be the abode of a thriving
and numerous population than the one of which I
have been speaking ; and in forming this estimation I
have been uninfluenced either by prejudice or by
interest, being in no way connected with it, save in
that arising from my official capacity."
As for myself, I think I can say, without the
slightest degree of egotism, that I am no visionary,
like most of those who speculate about emigration
and colonisation in this country, without having bad
any practical experience on the subject themselves.
I have resided for nearly 25 years in the Australian
colonies, all of which I have visited but one, and I
am, therefore, thoroughly acquainted with their phy-
sical character and capabilities. Neither am I altoge-
ther unqualified to give an opinion on the suitableness
of the soil and climate of north-eastern Australia
for the cultivation of cotton. I saw the plant
growing there myself, healthy, vigorous, and w-
veloped. I plucked its pods with my
own hand ell de
s;
and, although I could not, pretend to be a judge o