The Sun.
London, England, 1841-10-22 00:00:00

rej, 71 li to gic.
~...., um

LONDON.
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1841.
—l-774"------
The manner in whigialie majority of
our Con-
temporaries regard than in th e way of
a
an arrangement of thrdispute Englandbetween
and the United States is calculated to
make
very mischievous impression upon the public
mind in both countries. It is, we believe, univer-
sally admitted that the more civilized men be-
come the more peaceable they grow; and that
in the same proportion in which they are slow
to take offence, are they to be regarded as truly
enlightened citizens. The more eager nations
are to appeal to the sword, the more evidences
do they furnish of their internal barbarism.
Spain is not so enlightened as France, and hence
every Pretender who starts up is sure of finding
some partizans willing to believe him stronger
than the law, and thercfbre ready to join him.
France is not so enlightened as England upon
the question of internal administration, and
hence the plots and conspiracies which afford
such constant employment to the police, the
Attorney-General, and the Court of Peers. Eng-
land is an old country boasting of the highest
civilization in the world, and yet what must be
the impression of the Americans when they see,
from the columns of our Ministerial press, that
we almost court a pretext for a war with the only
great nation in the world that speaks our lan-
gnage, copies our manners, borrows our litera-
ture,;l and admires the bulk of our institutions ?
atf i
becomes in their eyes of the high civiliza-
tion )
of licit we boast? And if the inhabitants
.... _
corn en mparatively new country, in which the
felt, i
r"ssive action of Government is never
sive t° ourndul ge
in
language coarsely can-
ourselve ears, can that even justify us to
rude and s in
abusive?bandying
do not think so. To
treat such
abuse We
oppose it with the language of mild and chastened
reprehension,r i : : would
confusion. '
wrath is the answs°ft answer that turneth away
virtue, and the h e l.equally of the most exalted
"'hest state of social and indi-
vidual civilizationt,
Nor is the war of t
it stamps the low to be avoided be-
causeivilization of a people
and accelerates the recourse to the sword. We
i
would avoid it, because tinflicts wounds a thou-

sand times harder to be healed than any which
can proceed from the edge of a sword or the
mouth of a cannon. More international bad
blood has been created by a pasquinade, than by
the loss or gain of a battle, in which twenty thou-
sand slain attested the fury of the combatants.
Slaughters are forgotten, but nicknames and
abusive epithets never die. They rankle in the
heart when not a scar remains to attest the
wounds of the body politic. Among nations,
therefore, who regard war as a means of con:-
quering and securing peace, vile epithets ought
not to be endured. Where nations are driven to
fight, it is an easy thing to proceed to blows
without first exhausting upon each other all the
foulnesses of scurrilous language. The defeated
party can yield with better grace, and with the
return of peace ceases all recollection of what
now constitutes the undying wrongs of war.
Whatever be the upshot of our present mis-
understanding with America, it ought to be borne
in mind that it originates in a defect in the
American Constitution. When the Federal
Union was formed, it appears not to have occurred
to any of the framers of the Constitution, that
one State could violate international law without
the concurrence of all the other States in the
Union. They sought only to legislate for the
internal repose and prosperity of the American
people. Hence no power was given to the Presi-
dent to interfere with the proceedings of the
Courts of the different States ; and hence, when
the State of New York seized M'LEoD, Presi-
dents HARRISON and TYLER found that their
authority did not extend to the liberation of a
prisoner detained in violation of the law of nations.
The Government of Washington is as strongly
opposed to putting M‘LEon on his trial as the
Government in Downing-street, but it is helpless
to prevent such a calamity. With the individual
State of New York we, of course, can have nothing
to do, and thus there appears no means of de-
,cently getting out of the scrape.
As, then, neither the Government nor the people
of the United States are responsible for what has
taken place with respect to M'LEoD, we think a
war might be easily prevented by the Cabinet at
Washington, pledging itself to bring forward a
measure in the next Congress for amending
this defect in the Constitution, and, of
course, remunerating M'LEoD for his long and
unjust imprisonment. Such a concession the
people of the United States are morally bound to
offer, whether our Government demand it or
not. Moreover, they must now be sensible,
that, in making it, they will be consulting the
future peace of America, which will be liable to
perpetual disturbance, so long as this flaw in the
Constitution remains unmended. The Philadel-
phia Correspondent of the Morning Chronicle, in
a letter from that city, dated the 20th ult.—four
days before the time fixed for the trial of
M'LEoD—gives the following account of the real
state of public opinion in all but the frontier sec-
tion of the United States :

Sincerely do I assure you, that both the people and
Government of the United States are averse to the acts
of any evil-disposed persons who are endeavouring to
kindle the flames of war between England and this
country. But every day renders it more and more
obvious that " hunters" or " patriot lodges," are
numerous on the frontier ; and a gentleman, who
has just returned from that region, states that there
are amongst them undoubtedly persons from Ca-
nada. The editor of the Troy Whig states—(Troy
is about eight miles north of Albany)—that there is
some reason to believe that 50,000 or 60,000 men are
leagued in this unholy conspiracy ; that they are ready
" to march at a moment's warning across the frontier,
and to carry fire and sword into the heart of the Ca-
nada-9 ;" and he urges the better feeling of the
.com-
munity to do all in their power to arrest these wicked
projects, and the Government to keep evil-disposed
men in check, by stationing a larger force along the'
lines. This gentleman writes in a very philanthropic
and proper tone, and echoes the sentiments of the great
body of the people, but I feel convinced ke has been mis-
informed as to the extent of the conspiracy, and that the
numbers are very far from being as great as represented.
Still these secret and wicked associations are on a scale
of sufficient magnitude to command the attention of the
authorities of Canada, of New York, and of the United
States. Accordingly, we find that in Canada
the utmost vigilance is exerted to prevent or
resist invasion, that the Governor of New York is
active in the pursuit of the robbers 'who broke open the
State arsenals and stole cannon and gunpowder, and that
Mr. Tyler, President of the United States, has issued a
proclamation denouncing and condemning these illegal
associations, calling on all citizens to frown them down,
and declaring that any American citizens who may fall
into the hands of the British authorities during any
lawless incursion into Canada would " not be reclaimed
as American citizens, nor any interference made by this
Government on their behalf." Now this last document
is the most alarming feature of the whole business up to
to-day, for while it shows that the United States Go-
verr.ment and Mr. Tyler are acting with honour, doing all
in their power to preserve the laws of neutrality, and the
public peace, unbroken, it proves what the great body
of the people had before doubted, in relation to the
"Hunters' Lodges," namely, their existence ; and that,
too, in a formidable state of organization.
Gloomy, therefore, as is the political horizon
on both sides of the Atlantic, there is yet a
chance of the tempest-charged clouds passing
harmlessly away. Had the Press of England
and the United States exerted its influence as
uniformly as this Journal has done to maintain
peace between the two countries, we have the
consolation of believing that there would be
now no more chance of a war between them
than there was six months after signing the last
treaty of peace. Had the Press faithfully per-
formed its civilizing peaceful mission, the ears of
the two worlds would not now be stunned with
the din of warlike preparations.
But be the result what it may, we would im-
press upon our Contemporaries that more is to
be gained than lost by being moderate. True
valour is more allied to coolness than to anger—
to silence than to many loud and provoking
words. No man of true courage fights the worse
for not scolding himself into a passion; and a
nation in a passion is apt to do a world of foolish
things, for which afterwards it has reason to be
very sorry.

The subjoined communication from Manchester,
on the subject of the heartless indifference of the
clergy of the Established Church to the suffer-
ings of the starving poor, addressed to a Contem-
porary, is so entirely in accordance with the
opinions repeatedly expressed in The Sun, that we
make no apology to our readers for giving it a
place in our leading columns :
There is nothing amongst modern circumstances
more striking, or more to be regretted, than the utter
want of sympathy on the part of the clergy towards the
great mass of the people. The former appear to have
made up their minds to one positive line of action—
namely, that however great the distresses of the people
may be, from the want of employment and the want of
food, in all differences between the aristocracy and
the people, even on these feeling points of human suffer-
ing, the clergy, as a body, take the part of the aristo-
cracy against the people.
Hence it arises that the Church of England becomes
more
and more remote from being a popular Church.
The clergy cease to be the people's friends. They ap-
got, and strive
ap-
ply the rich revenues of the Church to purposes. of per-
sonal emob
titieo7tdiougurallt)i,fiteuatgiouniu—haveeir
alliance with gmoreras p all
tthroughhey
higher and raided, State, and their influence over the
the Church and themselves
classes. But they do not entrench
selves within the likings of the
people ; and the peoernl
them as they otherwise)c, therefore, do not respect or regard
If the clergy would
do.
were not
of the times, they would notoriously blind to the signs
the causes of them. But see
t they these things, and also see
the protection of the law, e
and ycontent themselves with
people the love of the Gospel. This is nowhere more
do not awaken in the
striking than in the conflicts b
the Chartists in Norwich.—(it etweea the Church and
to call all starving workmen Chi': be very convenient
ans, the Baptists, and the Independents,rtists.)The Wesley-
missionary meetings unmolested. But the Church of
hold their
England meeting is interrupted by the
outcries
misery. Is there no truth in those cries ? of men in
One working
man exclaims, " We ask for bread, and
Bibles !" Another cries, " We want meat, Lodu offer us
us parsons !" And what is the answer to th?s-7 give
the clergy appeal to their exertions for good 1,11 to
s .1)°
help the people to employment ? To their endeavours to
procure for the great mass of the people plain and useful
education ? To their attempts to break down monopoly,
which taxes the people's bread ? No, they hare not so
striven to help the starving poor ; and the only reply
that appears to have been made to the appeals of the
multitude was, " When you are going to die, don't you
wish a clergyman to come and visit you ?"
There are some noble exceptions to this selfish conduct
amorwst the clergy. One of the most conspicuous is that
of th6e reverend author of the " Plea for the Poor."
And what has been the reward of his labour of love that
the poor might eat their daily bread untaxed ? The
poor have thanked him, the good have prayed for him,
whilst his reverend brethren have hated and contemned
him.
It is most earnestly to be desired that the clergy would
properly consider these things, and so alter their con-
duct towards the people as not to increase the growing
dislike of the latter fur the Church. It is in Main to find
fault with a hungry people. You must assist them to

gain their daily bread, and soothe them by kind actions.
They will then be open to good advice, and to an aban-
donment of errors.

Whatever be the consequences to themselves
of neglecting the poor, we fear it is hopeless to
expect any reformation in the conduct of the ec-
clesiastical body. The priests have so entirely
made themselves the accomplices of the aristo-
cracy, in every act of popular plunder, that it
would be an easier matter to win the Peerage
than the Prelacy to the side of the people. So,
many violations of the most sacred engagements,
voluntarily and solemnly entered into, are
committed by the clergy of the Church of
England, that it cannot be wondered at if
Heaven has abandoned them to that impeni-
tent hardness of heart, [which is alike proof
against the appeals of interest, duty, reason, and
feeling. Were a red Indian, uncontaminated
with any previous intercourse with the " pale-
faces," to visit the rural districts of England, .and
to be asked his opinion of the functions of the
majority of the clergy, he would certainly decide
from their actions that the GREAT SPIRIT had or-
dained them to be the scourges of vagrants, and
the protectors of hares, foxes, pheasants, and
other descriptions of game. He would regard
as an insult to his unclouded understanding any
attempt to convince him that the haughty arro-
gant priest, who hunted with the Squire in the
morning, and drank port with the Squire at
night—who seldom saw the poor, but to consign
them to the treadmill or the penitentiary—who
never visited their wretched habitations, but
through the agency of an inexorable tithe-col-
' lector—was no other than a man who had so-
lemnly promised to the GREAT SPIRIT to devote
his life to the renunciation of worldly wealth,
enjoyment, and distinction; and to the cherish-
ing, comforting, and instructing the ignorant,
the sick, the hungry, the thirsty, and the
naked. And could he be brought to believe
such a dereliction of duty on the part of the
priest, his wonder would be tenfold greater to
that he was not an object of contempt and
abhorrence to all acquainted with the purport of
his ecclesiastical functions.
While the wealth of the Church is so enor-
mous, and while the bulk of that wealth is only
to be obtained by paying court to the aristo-
cracy, the priests will be found in the van of the
enemies of the people. Their organs openly
maintain that they enjoy all their exactions
from the poor by the same tenure that the
landed lay aristocracy do their secular property.
This is the same as saying that the Rector of a
parish stands in the same relation to the in-
habitants that the landlord does, and that he is
no more bound to preach the Gospel to the peo-
ple because they pay him tithe, than the land-
lord is because they pay him rent. At all
events, the majority of the State priests act as
if this doctrine was truly orthodox. The tithes
they regard as the gifts of their patrons--as
bribes to secure a pulpit support for all their
measures. All that the poor can give them the
law authorises them to take, with or without
their consent, and therefore they always support
the law-makers.

The true remedy for this evil is the abolition
of tithes, and all the compulsory ecclesiastical
exactions whatsover. When the incomes of the
clergy are made to depend upon their piety,
zeal, and public usefulness as preachers and
teachers, there will be no fear of finding them
leagued against the people, or deaf as adders to
the cry of their complaints. The enormous sums
now paid by the people to support a Church
which is daily becoming more and more a stum-
bling block and a rock of offence to all true
Christians, would defray the useful education of
all the neglected poor in the United Kingdom.
This would be more consonant to the spirit of- the
Gospel than to maintain an army of priests, to
manifest in:-their lives that, for a certain number
of pieces .4f silver, those who profess to be of
Cuats,r's Apostles are always ready to betray

There are among the Middlesex Magistrates a
certain number of squeamish gentlemen who re-
gularly oppose all applications for licenses to open
places of amusement, which may be resorted to
by the less affluent classes of the community,
and it is remarkable that their grounds of oppo-
sition are capable of being conveniently adapted
to cases of an entirely opposite character. If the
proprietor of an unfinished building applies for
the privilege of opening it for music and dancing,
he is indignantly ordered to " roof it in ;"
and if in the following year he comes forward
urging the completeness of his preparations, the
large outlay of his capital, and the extent
of his speculation as reasons for acceding to his
claim, it is not at all improbable that he will be
told he deserves to lose all he has expended for
presuming on the favourable decisjon of the Ma-
gistrates. Some places are pronounced too insig-
nificant for alicense, while others are objected to as
too large; and while some applicants are refused
because there is no guarantee that their houses
will be respectably conducted, poor Mr. ROUSE
ran a great risk of losing the privilege he has for
some years enjoyed, simply because his charac-
ter appears to be unimpeachable.

It is of course impossible to question the
wisdom of any decision come to by their
Worships of Middlesex, because there is no
arguing without something to go upon. But
leaving the sagacity of the Bench—where it
always has been, utterly out of sight—we may
still be permitted to regret that there is not
something like uniformity in the opinions to
which they give utterance. One worthy is
for refusing all licences, because they
encourage play-acting, which is an abomination
in his Worship's eyes ; while another would shut
up the places of cheap entertainment, because
he thinks " the cause of the drama" is damaged
by allowing their continuance. 'When Mr.
M A CREAbY is engaged at the Bower, and
CHARLES KEAN at the Eagle, we may
begin to see some ground for fearing
that the patent theatres will be deserted for the
suburban temples of the drama ; but as things
at present are, or have been within the last year
or two, it is Drury Lane that has endeavoured to
rival the Grecian Saloon—the former having
cut the acquaintance of legitimacy altogether, in
favour of fluted calico and flower-pots, which, -
however appropriate to the gardens of the Eagle
-Tavern, or White Conduit House, were disgrace-
ful in the first national dramatic establishment
in the metropolis.
There is no doubt that, under proper regula-
tions, which, if the police do their duty, can
easily be enforced, and which, in justice to the
proprietors of cheap places of entertainment, it
must be said they do not appear disposed to
violate; it is clear, we say, that properly
conducted, the establishments alluded to
are deserving of every reasonable encourage-
ment at the hands of the Magistrates. While
general attention has been directed to providing
Parks for the people, where in summer they
may take bodily exercise, why are they to
be deprived in winter of opportunities for
diverting their minds at a reasonable cost,
when they are desirous of doing so I If
the less affluent porton of society are to be
debarred from amusement at a price within
their means, they will flock alone to the
public-houses instead of visiting, as they are
now in the habit of doing, with their wives
and families, the places which have incur-
red the disapprobation of the Middlesex Ma-
gistrates. 'Why may not the people see
a little vaudeville after their work is done ?
Surely it cannot be jealousy that seems
disposed
to prohibit the acting of farces any-
. Where but at the Sessions House ? Does
Mr. M‘WILLIANt think Mawworm too good
a character to be spoiled in the City-road,
and is Sir P. LAURIE so zealous for the interest
of the legitimate drama that he would not for the
world see any unskilful actors attempting
the 'part of Sir
Magistrates 1 Pertinax Macsycophant ? The
lave, however, decided, that
" no new licenses shall be granted."
and they have therefore guaranteed a monopoly
to those who now enjoy them, and passed a

sentence of condemnation on all speculators,
who, upon the - strength of former practice,
have commenced erections which they hope
to gain the privilege of opening. Their
Worships seem to have no particular reason
for rejecting all future applications, except
that having been in the habit of granting li-
cences they think they ought now to adopt the
contrary habit of refusing them. There
are many things which, having been done
once by the Middlesex Magistrates would
amount to a sufficient reasOn". why they
should never be "done again; but granting
music-licenses is one of the very few of their
own customs which -might have been safely
acted on as a precedent. Perhaps, by next year
a new light may have broken in, and they may
alter their decision next October, on "the simple
ground of their having formerly come to it.

We have given, iii `another part of the paper,
a report of a meeting held at Leeds, which will
be read with painful interest by every friend of
humanity. The intelligent, the active, and in-
dustrious artisans in that town, are reduced to a
state of absolute starvation. They are willing
to work, but can find no employment. Bread is
dear, every article of food is almost at a famine
price, and, with the gloomy winter approaching,
and the probability that prices will be still higher,
they are reduced to a state of absolute despair.
In the whole history of manufacturing distress
no scene like the present has occurred. In
Leeds alone there are, more than sixteen thou-
sand persons unemployed, and all they have to
live upon is only 1 lid. each a week. This, of
course, includes children. The most painful
circumstance, however, is, that a great propor-
tion of these distressed people are in the vigour
of life, and are ashamed to ask anything in the
shape of relief, for which they could not
give something in return; and rather than
be pauper supplicants (as was stated by one of
the speakers), they would lie down and die.
This state of things cannot continue; human na-
ture cannot bear up under such sufferings; the
masculine vigour of the working Classes of this
country cannot be crushed by the laws of the
aristocracy; and unless some speedy remedy is
provided we shall witness scenes infinitely more
dreadful than any war with our nearest neighbour,
or with a nation still more powerful, and allied to
us by blood aml, language. The very intelli-
gence displayed at this meeting ought to
give warning to the present rulers. The
chair was occupied by an operative, nearly
all the speakers were operatives, and the
speeches made would do honour to any
assembly. Let not the Dukes of BUCKING-
HAM and RICHMOND imagine that they are
secure in the possession of their vast estates
while poverty, want, and disease are prevalent
in the land, and while men of intelligence, equal
to theirs, can neither find employment nor food.
" If," said one of the speakers, " a powerful
aristocracy continued to refuse to admit the ma-
jority of the people within the pale of the Con-
stitution, and at the same time to trample upon
and insult them, there was a possibility of the
privileged classes and the persecuted and in-
sulted many corning into collision." The ac-
counts from Paisley, and from every manufac-
turing district, are of the same description.
The advent of the Conservative party has only
increased the general distress, and their obsti-
nate perseverance in refusing to hold out any
hopes of relief has made the people despair of
any good from them, or indeed from any Tory
or Whig Government.

Dutch Papers of the 19th instant were re-
ceived last night.. On the 15th inst. the Minister
of the Interior
__closed the late Session of the
Chambers by a §itOch from the Tkrone, and on
the 18th the '1 ii in person opened the new
Session, ii conformity with the fundamental law
of the kingdom. Thus a recess of two clear
days was all that the Chambers obtained before
being again summoned to watch over the welfare
of the Netherlands. At one o'clock on the 18th
the KING left the Palace on horseback, in com-
pany with his three sons, amid the acclamations
of his subjects, and on arriving at the hall of the
Chambers delivered the following Royal Speech :
" NOBLE AND MIGHTY LORDS,
" The late Session of the States-General, which was
remarkable for tho multitude and importance of its la-
bours, is scarcely ended, when the moment is already
come, which is fixed by the fundamental law, for the Le-
gislature again to perform its important duties.
" Considering what was effected during the preceding
Session, as well as the zeal and conscientious care with
which you watched over the interest of the country, I feel
great confidence that the present Assembly, which, I
am happy to open, will likewise produce fruits advan-
tageous to the Netherlands. And with respect to myself,
if I had need of new motives to devote myself entirely
to the happiness of the State, the Government of which
has been confideded me by Providence, I should find
very powerful ones in the pleasing recollection which my
heart preserves of my visits to several provinces of the
kingdom. It is with lively emotion that I call
to mind the marks of attachment and cordial attentioa
which I everywhere received. I shall know how to
answer these sentiments, which I highly value. My be-
loved subjects may depend on me as I do on them, and
the fairest moment of my life will be that in which
I shall see their happiness established on solid and
durable foundations.

" The birth of a Princess, the daughter of my dear
brother, Prince Frederick of the Netherlands, has been a
subject of joy to my family.
" I am happy to be able to give you the assurance
that the relations between the Netherlands and foreign
Powers continue to be in the character of reciprocal
friendship and good will.

" The treaties of commerce and navigation con-
cluded with France and the Republic of Texas are
carried into effect.

" The Government has not yet been able definitively to
settle the financial question with Belgium. It is sensible
of the political and financial importance of coming to an
arrangement of these intricate affairs. Everything is
prepared, and we have more reason than we have had
to flatter ourselves that the object will be mutually at-
tained.

" I have taken measures that the Government of the
Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, so far as 4 was still
blended in some respects with that of the Netherlands,
should be properly separated from it.
"On th whole, the state of manufactures, agriculture,
and commerce, may be considered us satisfactory, though
some branches of manufacture have suffered from the
vicissitudes to which they are naturally exposed.
" The prosperity of the institutions for public instruc-
tion, as well as the encouragement of the arts and sci-
ences, aro an object of the constant solicitude of the
Government.

" The accounts from our transmarine possessions are
favourable. The prosperity of the East Indian Colonies
alone has been checked by causes of a peculiar nature.
I am seriously considering of the means which it may
be possible to employ to remedy this state of things.
" ,Tranquillity interrupted for a time in Sumatra has
been happily restored, thanks to the conduct of the mili-
tary Commandant, seconded by the courage of the naval
and military force under his orders.
" A goad organization of the navy is the constant
object of my care.
" The army, always animated by the best spirit, has
received during the course of this year an organization
calculated on what is required for a good system of de-
fence; and conformable to the fundamental law. This
organization will give a considerable relief to the peo-
ple, in respect to their duties in serving in the national
militia.
" I have appointed a Special Commission to revise the
laws relative to the Militia and the National Guards.
It is
Possible that the projects of law resulting from
their labours may be laid before you during the present
-
Session. - „

" Another Commission is to examine the military
code-, in order. to make it harmonise with the liberal
principles wlich pervade the other parts of our Legisla-
ture, particularly with the first book of the penal code;
caotdte m
hesayame rule having regard to what the interest of the
State and tht army requires.
"I hope fiat the second and third books of the penal
be laid before you in the course of this Session.
You will als6 receive projects of law relative to conflict-
ing jurisdiction to the office of Notary, to thu transcrip-
tion of mortgages into the new registers.
" Accordilg to Article 6 of th fundamental law the
projects of law relative to it will be presented to you.
" At the commencement of the preceding Session the
state of the finances, as it was expected to be found on
the Ist of January, this year, was laid before you.
" The acounts and financial reports, which will
shortly be ennmunicated to you, will show that the ar-
rear has not amounted to the entire sum at which it was
at first estimated.
" The state of the Treasury has allowed us not to
make use hitherto of the sums that were granted to cover
this arrear. It is, however, probable that it will be ne-
cessary to have recourse to a part of these sums during
the following year.
" By the adoption of the Budget for 1842 and 1843,
with the exception of the Chapter of Foreign Affairs,
the regular course of public business is secured, and the
Governmert is supplied with the means of preparing and
introducing future improvements.
" An unendedbudget for the Department of Foreign
Affairs will be riftitifibed to you. ;4,0e same time, the
employmeat Of thei'Mtplus revenue of" our Colonies will
bo determined in a legal manner, and I confidently expect

THE SUN. LONDON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1841

thereby to effect the equalization of the revenue and ex-
penditure without increasing the taxes or the public debt.
" Your High Alightinesses will receive a new project
of law on the pensions of civil officers. Regard has been
paid in drawing it up, to the observations of the Second
Chamber of the States-General on the original project.

" The pensions and other fiuctuatng faymentsw ac-
tually existing will be revised. In future these pay-
ments will be dated separately in the budgets of the de-
partments to which they belong, and of which they will
consequently form a subdivision.
" This subject, of serious importance, will be submitted
to your deliberations during the present Session. The
questions which may arise from them will be solved in a
satisfactory manner, if they are examined and discussed
by the several branches of the Legislature, with that re-
ciprocal confidence which is the indispensable condition
of that harmony which is prescribed by the fundamental
law.

" On my side I shall do every thing that may in-
crease and consolidate this confidence. The wish of my
heart is that my reign may be, above all things, charac-
terised by the frankness of the acts of the Government,
and by the strict maintenance of the laws.
" Proceeding thus, with a firm step, in the path of the
Constitution, my Government will prove more and more
that it seeks to derive strength from truth alone.
" May the Almighty watch with paternal care over
the Netherlands, and give His blessing to our joint efforts
for the happiness of the country."
His Majesty and the Princes then left the Hall to re-
turn to the Palace, and the Assembly broke up.

DUTCH FUNDS.—AlesTisanate, Om 18.
Money. RBIs.
Actual Debt. 234 per Cent
Jitto, ditto 5 per cent.
Amen Svadic,43 per cent 9l 9134
Ditto, ditto, 334 percent ... 7SX 76%
Commercial Company, 4% per cent.......... 153 155%
Ditto (18:35 and 1837)5 per cent.
Loan 1837, 5 per cent.............. .....
Exchange on London, One month l2 10
Two months .. ......
Hamburgh, One month 3.5 75
Two months 35 50
Dutch Papers, Oct. 19.
BELGIAN N UNDS—Baussime, Oct'. O.
Actual Debt, 234 per Cent.
Rothschild's Loan, 5 per Cent IOI
Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent 92
--3 per Cent. .-.
---,-...Thirty.seyen-- .;, 71%
. (1',4)) lOl%
Loan of City, 1932, 4 per Cent. 93
Society of Commerce, 4%per Cent 93
Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent ....•..•........• '73
NationalSaciety. ..... ..” ....-
Exchange on London (shot t)
--Brussels Papers, Oct. 20.
AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—VIENNA, OCT. 13.
fiveper Cents. Metalliques •.......... .............-.M.. 106
FONT per Cents. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••. ........... 9854
Three par Cents. ••.......••...•. .............. ................ 7434
Bank Shares ••••••••••••••••••,•••••••••••••••• ••••••••••••••• 1135
...dllgemeine Zettung. Oct. 17.
HAMBURG BORSENHALLE, 0cT.16.
Bills. Money
Austrian 5 per Cents.
Rant Shares 1570
Anglo. Russian Loan l6B 107%
Russian 5 per Cent. Ist series, Certificate
Inscription, Ist Series loa i
Russian 5 per Cent. Hope and Co. 3d and 4th
Series ... 9834 99
Ditto in Certificates
Ncw 4 per Cent. (1840) B6
Dutch Actual Debt, 234 per Cent 5034
Ditto.... .......... .......... 5 per Cent --
Polish Bondi) -
New ticket
. __

Anglo_Danish Loan, 3 per Cent 7631
Norwegian Loan, 1t334, 4 per Cent.... 1( 2% 102 k
Spanish, New 5 per Cents. 15%

The following despatch from Senor OLOZAGA,
Spanish Ambassador at the French Court, to
Captain-General ALCALA at San Sebastian, ap-
pears in the French paper the National of Wed-
nesday. Its publication is well-timed, and may
convince some of the poor dupes of CHRISTINA
MUNOZ'S ambition how ready she is to sacrifice
them the instant it becomes apparent that they
are likely to prove unsuccessful. She chose to
assert an atrocious falsehood, and thus brand her
partizans with the infamy of being mere mur..
derers and assassins, rather than expose herself
to the inconvenience of quitting the French ca-
pital, which she must have done, as Louis Pus-
LIPPE was not quite prepared openly to declare
himself favourable to her designs :
"In order to ascertain as fully as possible the true
state of things, I waited here on Queen Christina, wish-
ing, as representative of the Spanish Government, to
learn from her if General O'Donnell and those who acted
with him in the Basque provinces, and calling themselves
generals, agents, and delegates of the Regency of
Christina, had received from her any mission on her
title, or were they authorised to make use of her name
in the way that they had done.
" A courier who left Madrid on the night of the 3d
of October having brought six letters, written by Isabella
11., and the Infants, her sister, to Queen Christina, fur-
nished me with an opportunity of paying my visit. Being
ordered by Government to be the bearer of this interesting
correspondence, I had the honour of seeing her Majesty.
" When I presented the six lett:ors I said that I had a
solemn question to ask, and that in the rigour of my duty
I ought not to give her the letters until I had received
her answer. But, I added, that tho words of her
Majesty were of so great importance that I should
wish that there might not be the shadow of even
moral compulsion in her declaration ; and I com-
menced by putting in her hands the letters which
a mother was no doubt impatient to receive.
When she had taken them, I mentioned the doubts
and suspicions which my Government charged me to
state. I told her, that if, in the night of the 3d, she
could have known the events which had passed on the
2el at Pampeluna, or even the enterprises undertaken
later, I should find myself in the impossibility of appear-
ing before her. I added, that if the facts published at
rampeluna, and elsewhere in the provinces, relative to
the part she had taken in these events, were correct, she
ought to avow this frankly, in order that I might inform
my Government, and that it might regulate the future
relations to exist between me as Spanish Envoy and the
Queen Mother. _

" Her Majesty deigned to reply that it was false that
she had named General O'Donnell Viceroy of Navarre,
or Captain-General of the Basque provinces.
" That it was false that she had given either to him or
others the least authority ; that she should do wrong in
doing so, not possessing any authority herself.
" That the acts of these persons were on their own re-
sponsibility.
Her Majesty repeated these assurances several times,
adding that she challenged any proof to the contrary.
She formally authorised me to communicate this reply to
the Government, and to transmit to it at the same time
the good wishes that she formed for the good and tran-
quillity of Spaniards.
" May these declarations arrive in time to stop the
blood which must flow, owing to the crime of those who
have raised the standard of treason. It is never too late
to disclose the imposture of those who, to servo per-
sonal passions, assume the right of flinging a country into
disorder and usurp Lames and interests which disavow
them. In presence of the precise declaration of the
Queen, all commentary would be useless. Time will
tell what may be the consequences of such policy both
for the Spanish nation and the ex-Queen Regent.

" SEBASTIAN :DE OLUZAGA."

The French Journals of Wednesday have all
reached us, with advices from Madrid of the
oth, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, and 13th inst.
The whole of the news from the Spanish
capital, which is very interesting, will be found
in another part of The Sun. In the Moniteur of
Wednesday, we find the following telegraphic
despatches from the Spanish frontier :

" BAYONNE, OCT. 18.
"THE CHIEF OF THE MARITIME SERVICE TO THE

DIINISTER OF MARINE.

" General O'Donnell is moving towards the Ames-
coas, raising recruits. Vittoria is furnished with ar-
tillery. Urhistondo is at Bergara with 1,200 soldiers,
and as many partisans, all armed. General Alezon oc-
cupies Miranda."

" BAYONNE, OCT. 18.
" THE SUB-PREFECT TO THE MINISTER OF THE INTERIOR.

" Madrid was quiet on the 15th. Diego Leon was
shot on that day. Rodil and Lorenzo were on the 16th
at Aranda, with from 9,000 to 10,000 men, marching
upon Vittoria. General Alcala was on the evening of
the 17th at Andoain, retiring
.before Urbistondo, who
was at Villa Franca."

From every part of Spain the accounts respect-
ing the insurgents are unfavourable. General
O'DortNELL's r. turn to the fortress of Pampe-
luna is now cut off, and a force was approaching
Vittoria more than adequate to restore the au-
thority of ESPARTERO. The Phare, of Bayonne,
of the 17th inst., has the following :
They. write from Vittoria on the 13th :—" Although
Brigadier Zurbano may be arrived at Miranda del Ebro
with two battalions and a squadron we are under no alarm,
as the authorities continue to take all measures •required
by the present hostile state of things. We have 1,600
men under arms, divided into two battalions; the firstcom-
posed of the unmarried, and the other of the married men,
who are not at present destined for active service. We
have some remnants of artillery, and to work it we are
forming a company from the young men of the coun-
try, who were in that branch of Don Carlos's
army. We have besides a fine regiment of light cavalry
of 420 men, and horses, some sent from Navarre, to
mount about 80 more. The battalion of celadores,
with two squadrons of horse, under Colonel Contreras,
hare gone out to watels- the motions of Zurbano
and the cavalry ot Concha, which is near Logrono. We
found 7,000 nensEets. The deputation of Guipuzcoa has
called 2;500 men to arms. The contingents of several
districts have arrived at Bergara, and are being armed
and drilled. Munagorri was surprised at some iron-
works, near Goizeta, by Elorri, who had been in
search of him for several days, and was shot in attempt-
ing to fly."
The Rhone,. of Lyons, gives some curious explanations
relative to the arrest of persons at St. Etienne for manu-
facturing red and blue ribbons. After some reflections
on the known existence of numerous secret associations
holding and propagating atrocious maxims, but which,
from the careful concealment of their meetings and
acts, the authorities have great difficulty of laying hold of,
this journal states that the researches of the Magistracy
of Lyons have succeeded in placing in the hands of jus-
tice documents of great importance belonging to secret
societies, and of members whose examinations have
proved their branches extended widely under different
denominations, but all having the same objects. It
adds i--" In consequence of these disclosures, arrests
have been made at Givors, St. Chamond, and otherplaces.
At St. Etienne, a society was formed called Societe de

l' Industrie Rubaniere, for the purpose of manufacturing
ribbons independent of the master manufacturers, and,
strange to say, were united by a regular act or deed of
association passed before a notary, in which 400 fore-
men and 350 journeymen had concurred. On the 7th,
Bth, and 9th inst., meetings were held in many coffee-
houses in the suurbs ; offices were established in the
town ; and, it is said, they were formed into twelve sec-
tions. On discovery of this, the Procureur du Roi, M.
Ernest Falconet, issued warrants, and eight men were
arrested, several of whom are said to be recognised
as having belonged to the conspiracy of April. Domi-
ciliary visits, made by M. Roche Lacombe, the examin-
ing magistrate, produced the discovery of bonnets-
rouges, statutes of secret societies, and some of those
pamphlets, so many of which are disseminated with the
view of demoralising the public mind, and of those
journals which prok;agate the anti-social doctrines -of
the Communists, such as the Journal du Potpie, Le Tra-
vail, and L' Atelier There were also seized writings on
the democratic banquets, calculated, when known, to
astonish most men;- and also prepared lists for obtaining
signatures to petitions for electoral reform. There is
no doubt that the Societe Rubaniere is in connexion with
the;association Charbonnerie Reforrnee of Lyons. In-
deed, the similitude bete een the emblems of the two
which have been seized shows that they are identically
one and the same, notwithstanding their different titles.
A letter, signed by several of the principal merchants
at Havre, has been addressed to the Minister of Com-
merce, representing that the price of colonial sugars had
fallen gradually so low that the best fourths now pro-
duce' only 52f.7 50c. the 50 kilogrammes, and that even
at this reduced rate there are but very few buyers ; that
there are now on sale in the port 24,000 hogsheads 'of
these sugars from the French West India Islands, which
when sold at the above price, would return to the
growers no more than 14f. for every 50 kilogrammes ;
whereas the Minister has himself admitted that under
23f. the 50 kilogrammes the grower would not be reim-
bursed his expences of production. They go on to de-
clare that this deplorable state of the sugar market is en-
tirely owing to the law which imposes no higher duty than
27f. 50c. on every 100 kilogrammes of home-made
sugars, while the colonial sugars are burthened with a
duty of 49f. 50c. They therefore entreat the Minister
that he ,will, through the Government press, or by
communications to the Chambers of Commerce, make
known whether he intends, early in the next . session of
Parliament, to present a new Bill for doing justice to the
well-founded claims of the colonies, and all the ports of
France.

The Africaine frigate has sailed from Brest, for the
West Indies.
The Emperor of Austria has conferred on the Prince
of Prussia the command of the 34th regiment of in-
fantry; and on Prince John of Saxony the order of St.
Stephen of Hungary.
Marshal Gerard has returned to Paris, from his tour
in Germany, and has been received by the King at St.
Cloud.

The payments of the Loan which was contracted for
on Monday are to be made at the following periods :
On the 28th inst., 7,500,000 f. ; Nov. 28, 7,500,0001. ;
Jan. 7, 1842, 11,250,0001. ; Feb. 7,11,250,000 f.
March 7,11,250,000 f. ; April 7,11,250,000 f. ; May 7,
15,000,0001.; June 7, 15,000,0001.; July 7,15,000,000 f.;
Aug. 7, 15,000,0001. ; Sept. 7,15,000,000 f. ; Oct. 7,
15,000,000 f. Total 150,000,0001. The Loan bears
interest, as has been already stated, from the 22d of
June last.

A young man, employed at a pottery in Paris, had
from his good conduct, been made foreman by his em-
ployers. He was married to a young woman, and had
by her two children, of all of whom he was possionately
fond, and for whom his salary enabled him to make
ample provision. The day before yesterday he went to
the pottery as usual, gave each man his task for the day,
and then was seen no more. His absence lasted so long
that some of the men went to a room to which he alone
had access, for the purpose of calling him. Here they
found him lifeless ; he had hung himself. Not the re-
motest cause for his suicide can be conjectured.
M. H. Dupont, merchant at Calais, has been named
Vice-Consul of Russia at that port.
The Cherbourg Journal complains of the pilot dues
having been refused payment by the Captains of some
English merchant vessels, which put into that port a few
days since, under stress of weather.
It is stated, in the Moniteur Parisien, that General
Chassenon has made in Luxembourg a quantity of very
good wine from a.common plant, the vaccinium inyrlilus,
which grows abundantly in the woods. Brandy distilled
from this wine has, it is said, a fine flavour, and it may
be converted into good vinegar.
The Minister of War has presented to the King a Re-
port on the administration of justice in the army for 1838.
It shows a progressive diminution of offences as compared
with preceding periods.
The Hon. Mr. and Mrs. Lefroy and family, whose in-
tention was to have passed the winter in Paris, have left
Lawson's Hotel, on their return to Ireland, in consequence
of the sudden death of Lady Lorton.
Not less than 82 plans for the tomb of Napoleon, some
models in relief, the rest drawings, have been sent in to
the Ecole Royale des Beaux Arts. The preparations for
the public exhibition of them will be completed this week,
and it is expected that the exhibition will open early in
the next.

If there is a serious fact in diplomacy, it is what has
passed with respect to M. Salvandy. This Ambassador
set out without instructions. He will see, he will judge
and decide, hke the Doctrinaire, atucording to circum-
stances.

It was reported at Bayonne on the 17th that General
O'Donnell had made himself master of Estella.

A letter from Toulon of the 15th says that the squa-
dron commanded by Captain Leray is expected in that
port. It seems that the Government has been officially
informed, that the projected expedition against Tunis is
put off till spring. Only the Palinure brig and a steamer
remain on that station. The English man-of-war, which
was Wore Tunis, has, it is said, returned to Malta.—
Le Constitutionnel.

The Toulonnais of the 19th says, that the Tennirre,
which has arrived from Tunis, has been ordered to take
in its coals, and proceed immediately to Barcelona.
The Sentinelle des Pyrennes, of Bayonne, has been
seized at the Post, and its own office.

The Spanish Consul refusing to sign the passport of
the Carlist refugees, who arrive at Bayonne, with the
intention of returning to Spain, they have been ordered
to turn back.

It seems certain that the Montebello, which is in a bad
condition, will be shortly dismantled, and it is said that
the Couronne, of 74 guns, on board which some workmen
are seen employed, will take its place. This circumstance
makes it supposed that it is not intended to lessen the
number of our armed vessels.—Commerce.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS
CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK.

LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, OCT. 21.—The sales
of Cotton to-day amount to 4,000 bales, 500 of whieh
have been taken by speculators present. Prices are—for
American, 5 to 7.-} ; Pernams, 7i to 84; Egyptians, 84 to
and Surats, 31 to 5. •
LIVERPOOL SHARE MARKET, OCT. 21.—The trans-
actions at the Stock Exchange to-day have been limited.
They comprise :—Eastern Counties, 7i; Great Western,
201. Shares, 7A- ; London and Birmingham, 321. Shares,
52 ; Midland Counties, 771; York and North Mid-
land, 78.
MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, OCT. 21.—Our
market to-day has evinced more firmness, without how-
ever, leading to much business, Stock being Jess freely
offered. Manchester and Leeds, 56 to 56/ ; Ditto Quar-
ter Shares, 21. I ss. ; Manchester and Birmingham; 21
to 214; North Midland, 66; Ditto, Half Shares,32 to 324.
The Liverpool letter received this morning at the
North and South American Coffee-house, states that
every vessel known to have cleared in the United States
for Liverpool has arrived, a circumstance very remark-
able, if not unprecedented.