The Sun.
London, England, 1841-12-31 00:00:00

THE SUN , LONDON, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1841.

wand or control, and it is as absurd to make

him responsible for other men's feelings, thoughts,
and actions, as for their peculiar organitation, on
which, more than on his words, their feelings
depend.
Language, whether written or spoken, is the
mere sign or symbol of the feelings or thoughts
of him who use;; it, and has no necessary or cer-
tain connection with the feelings or thoughts of
those to whom it is addressed. Men of different
nations do not understand each.others langu'age.
It is for them a Mere sound, musical or other-
wise, or a mere mark, crooked or straight, and
nothing more. For individuals of the same na-
tion words have very different meanings, or arc
connected with very different emotions, accord-
ing to their respective knowledge, situation, pas.
sions, and circumstances.

Take, for example, the word "home." In the
half-starved ragged urchin, who scarcely ever
enters his wretched abode but to be scolded or
beaten, and who only knows it as a place of re-
fuge in extremely bad weather; all whose youth-
ful pleasures have been found in running about
in the streets, playing in the dirt with other idle
boys, getting his food by what be can beg, or
earn by holding horses or sweeping a crossing
in such a ragged lad, the word " home" conkres
up feelings almost the reverse of what the same
word conjures up in a youth who has foul-Kt most
of his pleasures in his father's house--who has
there had his toys and his playmates—who has
there always found his food and 11;.s repose—who
has returned thither from school, or from the
outdoor world, sure to find some fond and affec-
tionate bosoms into which he can pour all his
griefs, and sure to receive in all difficulties ad-
vice, sympathy, and consolation—and who has
there received all his first, his strongest, and
most pleasurable impressions. For two such
persons, the word " horhe" signifies totally diffe-
rent states of mind ; and is the poor writer-or
speaker, who ivies the word, to be made respon-
sible,for their,l:4ifferent emotions?

Or take the word " king," as more appropriate
to our subject. In the man who has been trained
in the belief that kings reign by Divine com-
mand, and are GOD'S vicegerents on earth—
who looks, therefore, on them almost as deities—
who has been taught that, wanting their august
presence and special care, men would be brutal
untamed savages—that a Court only can shed
over a laud the taste for the fine and ennobling
arts—and in whom, consequently, loyalty is a
reverential worship of the human being, who
may at any moment sit on the throne : in such
a man the word " king" rouses a kind of
idolatrous emotion. In the man who looks at all
political institutions as intended to benefit the
bulk of the community—who sees a monarch in-
tensely selfish, spending more wealth than would
feed and clothe a thousand of his subjects—who
knows that to have the means of gratifying his
personal vanity Raid extravagance be sacrifices
his duties and his oaths, living only to squeeze
out of the people, with most ease and safety to
himsell', the wealth he requires—who is con-
viklced, by much reading and much reflection,
that kings have inflicted great injury on society,
and who therefore hates the name: in such a man
the word "king" excites a scornful emotion, the
very opposite to that it excites in the believer in
Divine Right. In our country there are nume-
rous individuals who have associated these very
dissimilar feelings with the word " king," and they
have some antipathy to one another. At least
the Divine Right man considers the Radical,
Utilitarian, or Republican, as a bad man, and
would make laws, if he could, to stifle the emotions
which the word "king" excites in the other.
These are examples and illustrations of the
principle, pervading all language, that words are
mere signs, which, in a manner that would be
called wonderful, were it not extremely familiar,
excite in those who hear or read them, such
thoughts, ideas, or emotions as they have pre-
viously, from education, situation, and their own
passions, connected with these words. The mental
condition of him who uses them may be totally
different from the mental condition of him who
hears or reads them, and whose sentences may
represent in the minds of writer and reader,
emotions as different as those which different
men connect with the word ".king,"
In France, to quote a practical illustration im-
mediately bearing on the question, there are
some persons, like M. GUIZOT and his friends,
who believe that France can only be saved by
an iron hand of despotism, and who not only see
with satisfaction any attempt which LOUIS PHI-
LIPPE makes or sanctions to curtail liberty, but
encourage him to make those attempts, and love
and respect him the more in proportion as he
departs from the principles of the Revolution of
1830. There are other persons in France who
regard all such attempts as an act of treachery
as well as despotism, who, consequently, asso-
ciate with the conduct of the KING emotions of
contempt and scorn, and regard him as a selfish,
vile, worthless tyrant. Is any or every writer
to be made responsible for the different emotions
which the conduct of the KING, more than any
writing, produces in two distinct classes of per-
sons,
whenever his conduct is referred to ? Yes,
says M. GITIZOT, in France ; and yes, say
the Tories in England; and yes, also, say
the Peers of France, and those who entertain the
first-mentioned opinion of the KING'S conduct.
They assume that they are authorised to make
laws and punish writers, because their language
excites emotions of which they disapprove.
They would make writers, therefore, actually
responsible for the effect which the KING'S con-
duct, when it is made public, has on the minds
of those who prefer a Republic to a Monarchy.

We may give an illustration of the same fact
frotn our own country. A large party entertains
a strong and a decided conviction that the Corn-
laws are unjust, and so we always speak of them.
In landlords and tithe-lords such remarks pro-
bably excite only indignation against• Anti-Corn-
law men. In the mass of the labourers, suffering
from short commons and deficient clothing, and
already disposed, from many causes, to regard
the landlords as enemies, denunciations of the
Corn-laws are likely to produce indignation
against the landlords. Now, are the Editors of
Anti. Corn-law Journals to be answerable for that
state of mind in the working classes which is, in
fact,the consequence of the landlords' oppression?

To return to the case of M. DUPOTY. He has
been punished for an article reflecting on LOUIS
PHILIPPE, but it is very probable that the lan-
guage of the Ministerial Journals in Paris may
have had a more irritating effect on the minds
of the conspirators than the language of M. Du-
POTY. They regard Louis PHILIPPE as a traitor
to his oaths, and as an obstacle to their political
success ; and they may have been stimulated to
commit a grievous political crime by the insult-
ing taunts of their opponents. WEDDERBURN,
when Solicitor-General, it is said, insulted
FRANKLIN, and FRANKLIN retorted that his
master should pay for the insult. The separa-
tion of the American colonies, regarded as a
traitorous offence by GEORGE 111., followed. The
Republicans, then, may have repaid the scornful
and insulting language of the Ministerial Jour-
nals with scornful deeds ; and the words of the
former might have been the provocative to
make the attempt on the life of the KING. It
would be absurd to punish the Editors of the
Ministerial Journals with five .years' imprison-
ment, for such an effect of their writings on the
minds of Republicans; and' it must be equally
absurd and unjust to punish M. DUPOTY for some
analogous supposed effects of his writings.
Because it is impossible in any case to discri-
minate between the effects of a writer's words on
anindividual, and the effects of that individual's
own peculiarities, which make words the means
of exciting, in him peculiar thoughts and emo-
tions, it is wrong to make a writer responsible
for effects he is only the incidental cause of pro-
ducing. Unless it can be made apparent that
the attempt to murder the KING of the FRENCH
was exclusively the consequence of M. Du_
POTY'S writing, it must be, as unjust to punish
him for such an attempt as it would be to find

one man guilty of murder for having acciden-
tally run against another, who some short time
thereafter died of apoplexy. If indeed it could
be shown that such an attempt was exclusively
the consequence of M. DUPOTY'S writings, the
punishment inflicted on him is much too light.
We conclude, therefore, because the words
which a man uses are the signs of his own ideas
and emotions, and because he cannot even tell
what ideas and emotions those signs will excite
in others, much less control them, that it is to-
tally unwarrantable to make a writer answerable
fbr the effect of his words on the minds of other
men. He can only be made responsible fbr the
truth or good taste of what he writes, and be
must leave the issue in the hands of Providence.
It is necessary now to insist strenuously on this
view, because the Tories are willing to imitate
French statesmen, and call the Liberal Peas of
England to account for the indignation, which is
growing up in the land against the injustice
which the Tories habitually practise.

So far as our own observation goes we never
recollect to have seen so many deplorable objects
asking charity in the metropolis as at present.
Other people have made the same remark. Of
that painful feature in society our Legislators
know little or nothing. They do not inhabit
houses in the suburbs, which, from day-light to
dark, are continually visited by beggars of all
ages. They have not often to thread their way
at night through any of the thoroughfares and
narrow streets of the metropolis, and they behold
none of the wretched objects, who, beingashamed
to be seen by- day, then creep out and solicit
alms. They are carried from place to place in
their carriages ; their houses are within inclosed
parks, into which- the beggars ca►►not penetrate ;
between them and the very poorest, crowds of
menials interpose, v.d they cannot see that
wretchedness which is now daily forced on the
observation of The Middle classes. Such a rela-
tive position makes the present distress pecu-
liarly a middle-Class 4uestion ; and it can only
be, as they bestir themselves, and make the
upper- classes share their knowledge and un-
easiness, thzt the- causes of this distress will be
removed.

The middle classes, who may be said in gene-
ral to live on profit, are already the greatest
pecuniary sufferers from the decay of trade;
but while they see their means diminishing, they
also see the claimants on their bounty rapidly
increasing. They suffer both in mind and purse.
They are afflicted by the sight of distress which
they cannot relieve, and are apprehensive of.
coming to want themselves. It is chiefly their
property which is exposed to the depredations
of those who are in distress. Nor is there, we
arc afraid, any immediate chance of improve-
ment. Tho New Poor-law is probably as ri-
gorokls as the community will bear. A more
rigid test than the workhouse can scarcely be
applied, and there seems no possibility of dimi-
nishing mendicancy by increase of severity.
If it were supposed that the present distress,
by putting many persons out of existence, would
put an end to beggary, there would be some,
though a very painful consolation; but it is
known from the history of every part of Europe,
that such distress does not wholly arrest the re-
production of the species ; and as the present
race of distressed persons are carried off, their
places will be supplied with others, and probably
an increased number. If the middle classes wish
to live in safety, and be Untormented by the
painful sight of suffering fellow-creatures, they
must, with that energy which belongs to them,
lake up the question of public distress, and reso-
lutely probe it to the bottom.

Far be it from us to say one word against the
active charity which is ever ready to relieve the
sufferings of the people ; but while that is admir-
ably adapted to soothe individual suffering, it is
wholly inadequate to redress a public injustice.
Charity is a delight to those who give, as well as
to those who receive ; but it is now required to
set mills in motion, and give profit to the masters
as well as wages to the men. Charity unfortu-
nately increases the claimants on bounty without
augmenting, like manufactures, the means of
providing for them._ Charity is not, however de-
lightful to the heart, pecuniarily reproductive.
It will not suffice, therefore, to relieve the present
distress, and still less will it permanently restore
prosperity.

If the middle classes wish to put an end to
that distress, by which they are both morally
and pecuniarily the greatest sufferers, they must
have recourse to other means than charity. They
cannot, with decency or propriety, rely on a
Ministry which has been formed on the principle
of denying redress and relief to the people. If
they have not lost all that energy which enabled
them to carry the country through great foreign
wars, they will see the necessity of immediately
exerting themselves to conquer the greater diffi-
culties to which the country is now exposed
from domestic circumstances. The middle
classes are the sufferers by the present state of
the law, and it is the duty of the middle classes
to help themselves, and procure the reform of
the commercial code.

There is very little news of interest in the Paris
Journals of Wednesday, except that the accom-
plices of QUENISSET, who were condemned to
death, are making fresh revelations in the hope
of escaping the guillotine. In consequence of
certain disclosures made by them to Baron
PASQUIER, President of the Court of Peers,
six fresh arrests took place in the Fau-
bourg St. Antoine, on Tuesday evening.
It is reported that DUPOTY is involved in
these accusations ; nothing, we think is more
natural. The Peers will endeavour, if pos-
sible, to implicate DUPOTY as a principal in
the crime of treason, for the purpose of turning
the attention of France from their former in-
famous verdict.

In Wednesday's sitting of the Chamber of
Deputies the four Vice-Presidents were elected.
The result of the election was as follows :

DUFAUItE 246 votes.
CALMAN
JACQUEMINOT 176 ~
BIGNON
_ _

DUFAURE and CAIMAN are of the middle, or
PASSY party, JACQUEMINOT Conservative, BIG-
NON the same.

VI-VIER, M. TRIERS. candidate, had but 113
votes; M. TRACY also had 30.

A Council of Ministers was held yesterday at the
Tuileries. .

The leading members of the diplomatic corps in Paris met
yesterday fur the purpose of preparing the speech which
is to be delivered to the King on New-year's-day, by the
Marquis de Brignolles.
There will be grand receptions at the Tuileries of
ladies and gentlemen on the evenings of the 3d and sth
of January, on occasion of the new year.
The sugar question was again discussed at great length
by the Councils of Commerce, Agriculture, and Manu-
factures on Monday. On this occasion M. Pauwell, with
a view, as he said, of ensuring to the colonial interest
the preference as to the supply of sugar, but at the same
time guaranteeing the security of the existing interest of
the manufacturers of beet-root sugar, but without any
protecting privilege as to the future, made the following
propositions :-1. That the manufacture of indi-
genous sugar shall be free, like all other
manufactures, on paying the same duty (45f.
per 100 kilogrammes) as on colonial sugar. 2. That
the protecting duty of 25f. the 100 kilogrammes fir
either one or the other shall only be continued as re-
gards an equal quantity to that produced in 1841.
3. The excess to be as for new establishments, subject
to the entire duty of 45f. 4. All protection to cease at
the expiration of ten years, and the two rival manufac-
tures to be placed on an equal footing as to duties."
Pauwell observed that if the manufature of indige-
nous sugar could support a competition with colonial
sugar at equal charges, the result would be perfection
and cheapness for consumers ; that if the ten years' pro-
tection alluded to should not suffice to enable the manu-
facturers 'of indigenous sugar to compete successfully
with the producers of colonial sugar, they would, at
least, be sufficient to give to the former such profits as
would enable them at the end of the ten years to recover
the capital which they have embarked, and save them
from ruin; that if, on the contrary, the progress of the
native manufacturers should be fatal to the interest of the
colonial sugar-growers, the latter would only have to
substitute the growth of cotton, coffee, or any other pro-
duction suited to their climate and soil for the growth of
sugar.—Galignani's Messenger.
We guarantee the accuracy of this news."—Lc
Commerce.

The National says—" We are assured that the chief
clerk of the Court of Peers went yesterday evening, at
nine o'clock, to the nrirson rt.., t ) r,n-
nounce to quenisset, Colonibier, and Just-Brazier, that
their punishment was commuted for that of transporta-
tion. We are further assured that they will be removed

from the prison of the Luxembourg this evening, or on
the night of the 29th."

La:Presse contains the following article :—" A letter
from our correspondent at Algiers, dated the 21st of
December, informs us that important events oblige
General Bugeaud to remain in Africa, and will prevent
him from profiting by the two months' leave of absei:cc
which he had asked for, and obtained,

We quote the following from the Constitutionnel:—
" In 1793 the number of men and Officers employed in
the French navy was greater than at any former period;
it amounted to 104.920, of whom 69,196 were officers
and able seamen. The law of the 3d Brumaire, an. 4,
fixed fifty years as the age at which sailors were entitled
to their discharge from the service, instead of sixty years
as previously. This, of course, made a certain reduc-
tion. In 1815• the number was brought down to 83,000
men, of whom 51,966 were officers and able seamen.
In 1836 it was raised to 90,511, total, and 52,433 officers
and able seamen ' • and in 1840 to 98,706, total, and
05,992 officers and able seamen, from the age of eighteen
up to that of fifty."
The Corresponsal of Madrid states, that at Barcelona
the association of cotton manufacturers has cone to an
agreement that no member shall have clothes made of
any stuffs but those manufactured in Spain, renouncing
from this moment all purchases of foreign goods, but
allowing themselves three years to get rid their stock
on hand.

A letter from Alicant of the 18th inst. states that four
companies of the regiment of Navarro had arrived there
to assist the authorities in the maintenance of order.
Quiet had been restored, and it was expected that the
municipal elections, which had been interrupted by the
late tumultuous scenea, would be resumed on the 26th.
At Barcelona the majority of the new municipal coun-
cil hre in favour of Espartero. Leave has been given to
the Members of the late Republican Junta to return to
Spain.
A Belgian diligence, running from Brussels to Metz,
was seized a few days since on the French frontier, on ac-
count of its containing a considerable quantity of tobacco,
which was attempted to be smuggled into France. The
vehicle and horses have been confiscated and sold.

The forest of Pierrefeu, near Toulon, having become
infested by wolves, the authorities ordered a general
chase, during which, on the 19th instant, one of the
beaters fell in unexpectedly with a wild boar, and was
torn by the tusks of the animal in four places. An artery
was severed, and the poor fellow died frOtn.loss of blood
before he could be carried out of the forest.
A Berlin letter mentions that, on the 20th instant, the
ling of Prussia dined_ with the Count de Nassau, ex-
King of the Netherlands, and a numerous party, com-
posed of the Princes of the Royal Family, Ministers of
State, Diplomatic Ministers, and other personages of high
high distinction.
BOURSE—PARIS, :WEDNESDAY; DEC. 29.

First Highest Lowest Last
Price Price. Price. Prier.
Fre,lch 5 ocr Cents ll6 40 ... 116 6J ... 116 40 ... 116 50
454 per Cents lO6 2, .m. 103 25 106 25 ... 106 25

4ier lOl 05 7.: 10 05 7.: 101 05 ... 101 ha
3 per Cents. ex div 78 35 .. 78 35 ... ;8 25 .. 78 30
8 ink of France
Laffitte Bank 1,0001. Shares 1(307 50 ...leo7 53 ..1007 50 ...1007 50

........ __ ...___. __
5,00Uf. Shares 5025 ...502 ...1025 ...5025
ieleian Bank
Belgian 5 per Cents.
5 iaer cent%) 1843 ICIlli ... 10314 ... 103% ... 1031 i
3 per Cents 72 .0 ... 72 10 ... 72 10 ... 7, 10
ipanish Active t.'4l4 ... 21% ... 2414 —. ..4%
Ploistive 5% ..." 5% ... 5% —• 5%
Old Deferred
Respolitsn .... 11:6 ... 1% _. 1116 ... :16
Roman... 102% ... 102% ... 112% ... 102%
RAILWAY aHAItES.
_. _ .

____ ..... --....--.
St. Germain _ 815 ... 815 ... 815 ... 815
Versailles, Lal
.„, 215 ... 210 ... 2.0
R. IS 340 ... 340 ... 3.15 ... 3.35
Itouen
irie.4n. .
itrasbuig :o Bale, 226 25 .. 227 50 ... 226 25 ... 227 50
BELWAN k UNDS—DXUSsiiis, Dec. 29.
Actual Debt, 2'34 per Cent.
Rothschild's Loan, 5 per Cont..-- ..... .
Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent 92%
-------- 3 per Cent.
--.Thirty.seyen----- .. 714
—_-----...—(1840) lOl%
Loan of City, 1T32, 4 per Cent 95
Society of Commerce, 41.iper Cent —
Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent... .........
National Society
Exchange on Londeu (short) -
-Brussels Papers, Dec. 29.
HAMBURG BORSENHALLE, Dec. CS
Bills. Money
Austrian 5 per Cents
Bank Shares — 1628
. __ _

Anglo-Russian Loan .. 10s% ---6;9
Russian 5 per Cent. Ist series, Curtificate
Inscription, Ist Sefi9S 10:14
Russian 5 per Cent. Hope and Co. 3d and 4th
Series
Ditto in Certificates
Ncw 4 per Cent. (1840) 8714
Dutch actual Debt, 2% pc: Cent 50% 50
Ditto 5 per Cent
Polish Bonds
New ticket
Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cent — 7836
N.,twegian Lean, 1831, 4 per Can........ .... . 102% 102 k
Spsnish, New 5 per Cents. lb
EXCHANGES ON LONDON.
HAMBURG, Dec. 28.-13 836.—Tw0 months, 13 -IN
PETERBRURGII, Dec 17.-1 wo months, 3e% pence,
RIGA, Dec. 18..-Three Months, 38X.
Cuaisminia, Disc 17.—Three months, 4 34.
SToceilin.si, DEC. 21.—Seventy-live days, 12. 11.
BREMEN, Dee. 14 —Two months. 6 18.
VIENNA.. DEC. 21.—Three months, 9. 37.
PRUSSIAN FUNDS.—BERLIN, Dec. 24.
Bills 51oney
St. Schuld. Sch., 41, per cent. ....1043. .10114
'Prussian English Loan, 1830,4 per cent. ...102* 10134
kachange on London, three months ti 193 p
—Prussian State Gazette.- Dec. 25.

BURIAL OF THE OLD YEAR.

A DIRGE.
The last grand sunset fades apace,
O'er another departed Year of Grace,
Who covers in clouds his front and face,
Like Caesar prone at the pillar's base.
Ala& Old Year.

Angel-buriers, black and tall,
Muffle him round in a solemn pall,
While funeral plumes dark over him fall,
And the graves aloud for their victim call.
Alack Old Year.

Up from the scarlet west they throng
Bearing the dead Year's body along,
Moaning a low, lugubrious song,
Which the leaden caves of Chaos prolong.
Alack Old Year.

Onward the dark procession pours,
Along the coast of Immensity's shores,
Where the ocean of time eternal roars—
Till they stop at the Sepulchre's giant doors.
Alack Old Year.

It was a vault gigantic and grim
Scooped of old by the Rephidim ;
Within whose cavernous vastitude dim
They hurry to bury and sepulchre him.

Alack Old Year.
Against whole worlds of tempest-shocks
That cavern abutted its adamant rocks,
And now when the great Death-Angel knocks,
Asunder fly the thunder-forged locks.

.Alack Old Year.
And there in their purple palls arrayed
Near nineteen hundred years were laid,
Paly their crowns, their locks were greyed,
And sound they slept in Oblivion's shade.
Alack Old Year.

Slow March, with dark sepulchral pride,
That burial host through the portals wide,
And lay, while the hour-ghosts round them glide,
That Dead by his ancient brethren's side.

Alack Old Year.
They buried him there without a groan,
And carved alone on his sepulchre-stone,
44 Here lies a year whose race is run—
One Thousand Eight Hundred and Forty-one !"
Manic Old Year.

BIRTH OF THE NEW YEAR.

A MADRIGAL.
With a star on his brow, and a song on his tongue,
And a rainbowy canopy over him hung,
Who comes from the East like a masquer rare,
Tossing his cymbals aloof in the air?
Ah, ah ! young boy, is it you-0 you !
Sweet Eighteen Hundred and Forty-two?
All the snowy-croiined Lily-Queens give him their hail,
And sigh for his kiss in the bright-hearted vale ;
Whilst their dulcet-dewed petals deliciously spreading,
Sweet dream like young virgin-girls just upon wedding.
Ah, ah ! young boy, &c.
What love in his looks, and what grace in his spring !
How round him the fair-flighted summer-birds sing !
How he bounds o'er the mountains, and splendidly throws,
To the right and the left his bright glances of rose !
Ah, ah young boy, &c.
Our hills are o'erflowing with purple-hued light,
The love-planets burn Inure crystalline bright ;
And the stars trim their coronals sweeter to-night,
To hail your dear advent with festivals hight.
Ah, ah young boy, &c.

With sounds as of flutes that have silver-touched stops,
You play with the winds in the tree.bowered tops ;
And Princesses proud, and the King in his hall,
leave their dulcimer-music to welcome your call.
ah I young boy, &c.

Hill-side and vale, and ravine where you leap,
Smile in your dews—catch your sweetnesSes deep ;
The villagers dance in your May and your June,
And bask in the sunshine and blue of your noon.
Ab, young boy, &c.
So beaming your boyhood, so jocund and bold,
With your brows and your tresses in sunniness rolled,
We'll haunt you, and hold you, and clasp you for this,
Till we've had a whole year-full of you and your bliss !
Ah, ah ! young boy, is it you-0 you !
Sweet Eighteen Hundred and Forty-two ?

DISGRACEFUL TRICK.—At a late wake in
the country, a short way from Crieff, a waggish fellow
tied a cord secretly to the neck of the corpse, and while
a number of young men and women present were going
on merrily with some sport, the wag pulled the cord,
when the corpse started up in the bed, making the clothes
to fly off ; the whole party rushed to the door, crying for
i►mrcy upon them, and knocking each other over in the
htu'ry, wiiea at length some people came to assis-
tance, who afterwards discovered the cause of their ter-
ror.—Perth Courier "" ' • - • • „

!ll'. -5,a1 041 Pk (14 ;C 515 r., ‘PI
ra P.,J 11

AND
übitt loptnion.

" Who runs may read."

P ()REIGN.

Six more arrests for high treason have taken place in
Paris. Just-Brazier and Colombier, to save their heads,
are multiplying accusations, at the especial desire of old
Baron Pasquier.

In the election of Vice-Presidents of the Chamber of
Deputies the Government has again triumphed. On
'Wednesday the election took place, when MM.Dufaure,
Caiman, Jacqueminot, and Bignon were elected. They
are all Ministerialists.

Letters from Athens of the 10th of. December, an-
nounce the appointment of the Director and Committee
of the Bank. The Director is M. George Stavros, a
French agent, and the names: of the Committee, MM.
Vrannes, Roujoux, Mestenet, Atttonopoulous, and Ker-
gousis, all partizans of France.