The Sun.
London, England, 1823-07-26 00:00:00

SPAIN.

Ittrorotr., Juc.v 17.—The accounts from Madrid say, that
there is considerable fermentation in that capital, on account
of the-successiVe departure of troops, and a report Which is in
cireulation, that the head-quarters will be removed to Seville.
Should this take place, a .very strong garrison will be required
to keep the populace in check, who will commit the greatest
excesses. It is reported ,that Ballasteros has entered Anda-
lusia with 2.1,00 men, and that he has been joined by the
troops of Lopez Banos and Alava. On leaving the -country
where he has been for some time, he has thrown troops into
A Malt and Carthagena, .and left numerous Guerillas in the I

country to harrass GenerAl Molitor, who occupies so extensive
a line that he can hardly undertake any thing decisive.
The troops that come now are for the Army of Reserve,
tinder Marshal Lauriston, which is to besiege Pampeluna, St.
Sebastian, and Santona, as soon as it is sufficiently stron.—
With respect to the latter place, it seems that the troops of the
Faith that blockaded it hare suddenly dispersed, and the
French General has been obliged to send troops to Supply their
place. The .20th regiment sets out to-day for Spain. Letters
from Saragossa say, that a report had been spread there of the
death of Mina at Barcelona_, but there is every appearance of
this news being false. The Bishop of Tarragona, who has been
long in this city, is gone to his diocese.
The following is an extract of a letter from Madrid, dated
July 13:—
" It is very difficult to form a correct idea of the situation of
the Peninsula, considering the violence of the parties and the
want of authentic accounts, official as well as private, for every
body sees things in his own way, and it is impossible to form
any correct notion without having some solid data.
" It may be affirmed that there are four different parties
in Spain :-Ist. The violent Constitutionalists, which is in..
creased by the severe measures of the Regency ; 2d. the mo-
derate Constitutionalists ' • 3d. the violent and fanatic Royal-
ists; 4th. the moderate Royalists. The Afrancesados, who
expected a better order of things, being disappointed in their
hopes, have abandoned the cause of the Regency, and remain
neuter, except some of the military, who have taken up arms for
the Faith, merely to better their situation.
" The first of these tour parties is resolved to combat the
enemies of the public liberty, and has in its ranks at least
80,000 combatants—that is, including the garrisons of thirty
fortresses which are in its possession. The second ardently de-
sires to see an end put to the miseries of war, by an honourable
arrangement. The third hopes for the restoration of absolute
power, with the Inquisition ; and the fourth wishes to see the
King governing by wise and religion* laws. The mass of the
nation are tranquil spectators of this struggle, with the excep-
tion of some wretches, who have been seduced by the agents of
the Faith to raise the cry of absolute power, the Inquisition,
and murder. The implacable hatred of these two parties will
tend to prolong the war.
The Journals of the Regency and the French bulletins do
not give sufficient information respecting the military occur-
rences ; und, though we reject the absurd and alarming reports
that are circulating here, it cannot be denied that the French
army is in what military men call u false position, because any
serious check might lead to the necessity of evacuating the
Capital and abandoning Andalusia. There is no doubt that
the force of Bordesoulle, which is 10,000 men, including the
Royalists, is sufficient for the present to blockade Cadiz ; but
it is necessary to keep Ballasteros in check, who, after putting
,llicant and Carthagena in a state of defence, left a division of
3,000 men on the right of the Xucar, and marched towards
Grenada with 8,000 men. . .

" Another Constitutional division of 4,000 men is in the pro.
vince of Cuenca; its Guerillas entered Somo Sierra, the province
of Madrid, and have marched almost to the gates of the capital.
The Royalist division of Bessieres, which was sent to combat:it,
has been completely beaten near Cuenca,and it has been necessary
to send French troops to support him, while others left Madrid
four days ago for Ciudad Real and Talavera, so that our garri-
son amounts to little more than 2,000 infantry and 400 horse,
French, and a body of 1,000 men, Spanish Royalists, which is
organizing, but will be hardly formed into a regiment, unless
the Duke's treasury pays the expence.
" Badajoz is in a respectable state of defence ; and the Allied
column of 1,500 men, which was sent to blockade it, has not
been able to effect its purpose. The fortress has become the
point d'appni of various Guerillas, who scour Andalusia and
Estremadura; while Ciudad Rodrigo protects the Constitu-
tionalists of Old Castile, the Guerillas of which daily attack
Salamanca, Zamora and Toro, make excursions on the banks
of the Douro and in the plains of Valladolid, and seek merely
to keep the people in check, and to harrass the garrisons and
columns of the Allied troops.
" The communications between the Portuguese Cabinet
and the Regency:at Madrid are very frequent, and it seems
there ix an intention of forming on the banks of the Minho an
expedition to act against the Constitutionalists of Galicia, the
command of which, it is-said, will be given to Aniarante. We
know that a great number of Royalists have emigrated from
Galicia to Portugal, and that at Valencia, on the Minho, a
kind of Spanish Committee of the Faith has been formed, with
a view to excite an insurrection in the provinces of 'ruy and
Orense.
" The Constitutional corps which guarded the entrance of the
Asturias, have been diminished by desertion, and obliged to
yield after some combats; about 704) have retired towards Poles,
the rest to Galicia. Some bands in Soria and Rioja are too
weak to oppose the Royalist columns, chiefly composed of Na-
tional Guards, some of them commanded by priests. The three
provinces of Navarre are tranquil.
The accounts Mont Arragon confirm the march of Molitor
towards Murcia, and say it will be difficult for that General to
maintain himself on so extensive a line.

" Itallasteros has experienced some desertions in his retreat;
and It is Kidd to be the L)uke's plan to send against him all the
troops that can be spared, in hopes of destroying hint in Anda.
lusia. The retort of Mina's death becomes more positive.
" Ratan, Milans, Llober, and St. 11ligitel have 10,000 men
at Barcelona • it is thought that they will suffer the place to be
blockaded, and go with their main force elsewhere.'
(Extract of a letter frees Bevllle, dated Jane 25.)
" You can have no idea of the distracted state we have
been in for the last ten days, in consequence of the events
which have occurred here. The retreat of the Spanish Re.
volutionary Gen. Lopes Banos, on the advance of the French,
was g signal for the renewal of the disorders which had taken
place on the first retiring of the Cones, and the mercan.
tile houses and private dwellings were close shut up, to
avoid as much as possible the outrages of the lowest of the
rabble, who ran about the streets uttering horrible cries
and threats, and threatening a general desolation to those
whose wealth and consequence pointed them out as con.
spit:nous objects for plunder and vengeance. During this'
period, as I have related, the shops, and all the mercantile
lnushut up, and commerce was entirely
aitassel were closed.Nolrson paid or received bills or money, all
peisons were occupied in concealing their property and valu-
ables, and, es it' by universal consent, the whole business of
this populous city was totally at a stand. Many of the leading
inhabitants took refuge on board the shipping, and others left the
place entirely for Gibraltar. 'This scene of riot and confusion
was however put an end to by the entrance of the French troops,
who in some measure restored tranquillity ; and the business of
the place, if not conducted with its former unembarrassed alert-
ness, at least proceeds with some degree of regularity. This pacific
disposition will, probably, last while the French troops remain
here; but their departure, it is feared, will occasion a re.action
of the disorder, and men here are timidly awaiting the result."