The Sun.
London, England, 1840-07-24 00:00:00

EVENING EDITION'.
sputrr of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. am afraid that my decision may diminish the price of
the stoek.—(Lauhter.)
Mr. Wooler— riser'' is no danbt at all as to the Hie-
'. gality of the conduct of the defendant.
Sir P. LAURIE--I very much doubt it. In my opi-
nion the Act applies to waqs or permanent ei.ections,
and not to hoards, which are put up but for a few weeks.
It meant to operate against those who, the moment they
See empty premises, cover them all over with their bills.
Mr. Wooler—lf you choose to adjourn this case, I
shall produce the opinion of counsel of your own election.
S r P. LAURIE—No. I think I can decide in this
case myself:
S,ereral bill-stickers of the Association here begged
to inform the Alderman that, amongst the great advan-
tages to be derived from the formation of this Company,
was one which they were sure would please the magis-
aracy, the prevention of the nuisance of perambulating
boards.—(A laugh.) Many of the ancient bill-stickers
declared that the very fellolvs who perambulated, were
those who now called that very low department of the
business a nuisance, and who were obliged to " walk" a
bill, bec,iuse they didn't know how to " stick" one.
Mr. Holder said that he remembered the defendant
and those who called themselves the old ancient bill.
viekers, for many years, and they certainly displayed
great skill and industry.
One of the old ancient bill-stickers—Yes, Mr. Nob-
ler, I can get 50s. a week at but then, if I was put
to it, I could turn a whole street into paper in a very
little time, with a few of the old uns to help me.—
(Laughter.) These fellows serve us out sometimes.
It was only the other day I put up a large red and
white bill for the sale of feather-beds, some of the
finest sort, and an hour afterwards I saw it covered
with a lot of the little bills of Mr. Muntz, the bug-
killer to her Majesty.—(Laughter.)
Sir PETErt LAURIE said that he had no doubt that
in bill-stieking the strict line of honour was occasionally
departed from, and that strange cross-readings were
often the result. Ile should discharge the case upon
the ground he had stated. He considered that the
complainant was endeavouring to establish a monopoly,
mid he should do nothing to encourage such an object.
He was surprised that the owners of the hoard would
let it for such a purpose.
Mr. Wooler thought that if blame lay anywhere, it
was with the Legislature, by whose sanction the com-
plainant had acted, and under whose authority they
would doubtless be protected. The mattAr covid not
eud in the dismissal of the summons.

17a0M THE DAILY yApEII9 YESTEKDAY. )
(From the Globe. )
Lard Sendon—heaven preserve the mark /—occupied
the House of Commons last night with a speech on
the state of our commercial relations with foreign coma.-
tries. His Lordship's colleague, Mr. Cresswell, has, it
is said, incurred the reproach of his constituents for his
neglect of their commercial interests ; and, possibly, nis
Lordship's speech was composed and delivered in order to
show the Liverpool people that at least he is in his
place, guarding with commendable vigilance the cem-
rnereial interests of the country, and thus approving
himself worthy of the confidence of those who sent him
thttber as their representative. We are, of course,
unable to predict the effect of Lord Sandon's speech on
the Liverpool Tories, or how far its delivery mil tend to
improve his rather ticklish position as one of the Repre-
sentatives of that town. One thing,however, is manitest—
if the foreign policy of the Government be subjected to no
more formidable assailants than the Noble Lord and those
who with him undertook to nibble at it last night. the Fo-
reign Secretary will have little ground for apprehendmg
danger, whether in his official conduct of its ieirninh-
tration, or to the character of the Ministry to which lie
belongs. With the exception of the debate on China, in
which the Tories of the House of Commons found
themselves at loggerheads with the Duke of Wellington
in the Lords, the foreign policy of the Government has
been umassalled during the present Session.
(From the Standard.)
The two pillars of the strength and greatness of the
United Kingdom are its maritime commerce and its
agriculture : let either of these be shaken, and within
five years Great Britain sinks to the condition of a
third-rate povrer,and its manufactures are extinguished.
Yet these stays of national power and prosperity arc
precisely the interests most violently assailed by
modern Liberalism, and assailed apparently for no
better reason than because they were to the
despised " wisdom of our ancestors" objects of peculiar
cere. At present we say nothing of agriculture. We
helve the public to judge how safe that great interest
is in the bands of a divided Government, if that Ge-
vernment may be said te, be divided upon the subject,
feur-fifths of which Government is committed to the
ruin of the agricultural body. The debate upon
Lord Sandon's motion, however, gives rise to
grave reflectioas upon the state of our maritime
.commerce. It is a narrow and false view of the
:.•impottance of teat commerce which regards only
tte number of pounds sty rling it may bring into
ebe country. It' it merely maintained itself, with-
ou: adding a farthing to the public wealth, the
foreign commerce of the nation is of immense value.
Tee saga's of our commercial marine are at least so
many Eag:ishraen, provided for without cha,go to the
mar}, ; mei they are so many Enelishineu trained in
the manner best fitting them to defend us in time of
danger. If the number of these defenders of the country
is dimiiiiehing, even if it does not keep pace with the in-
creese in the populatien, marine, and armies of other
countries, then is the power of Great Britain retrogra-
eeeg—then are we not merely not obviating. we are in-
selther the hostility of other nations of the Continent and
fb-e, Ljoited States, some of which would willingly be
,out frieade, if oe do not make them enemies by neglect-
iute our affairs.

FUTURE SPEED OF sTEAM-
VES'SEL S.

(From the Liverpool Mercury.)
Amongst the variety of experiments now making to
improve aid simplify steam navigation, that waich at
present most prominently engages the attention of the
public is the substitution of the Archime&an screw for
the paddle wheels now in use ; and if implicit reliance
can be placed upon the account of the recent voy-
age of the Archimedes from London to Hull,
during a gale of wind, in which she is reported to have
beaten the Monarch steamer by five hours, we are on
the eve of a most important revolution in steam navi4a-
tion, as the ordinary paddle•whecls, with their enormous
paddie•boxes, must be got rid of before we can hope to
attain the maximum rate of progressing through the
water by steam. We have long ventured to express
our doubts of the accuracy of the received theory of
the resistance to solid bodies moving through fluids, and
we have stated our reasons for differing from the pretty
general opinion resp2cting the maximum speed of
vessels through the water. In our publication of Octo-
ber 8, 18:30, we oberved that the " resistance to solid
bodies moving through a fluid, according to the recog•
nised theory, increases with the speed in such a rate as
to preclude all hopes of impelling vessels of any descrip-
tion much faster than our best sailing ships now
move by the action of the wind." We have always
thought, however, that if ten or twelve miles were the
maximum speed of a sailing vessel, the fact is not to be
received as a demonstration that a body of the bulk and
exact form of our largest vessels could not by any means
;sc impelled through the water at a much greater rate
than that we have just mentioned. In our opinion, if a
sailing vessel cannot be impelled at a greater velocity
than ten or twelve hoots, the circumstance is not to
ha wholly ascribed to the resistance which the fluid
presents to the progress of the vessel, but to another
cause. If when a sailing vessel, with all her sails
spread, has attained her maximum speed, more sail
could be set, he consequence would, in all probability,
be either that the oasts would give way or the vessel
would go down by the hea:l- If we arc correct in our
theory, the fact that sailing vesst's have never exceeded
the rate assumed is no evidence that a Feater speed is
unattainable under any circumstances. That botfies
which present much greater surface, and of coarse much
greater resistance to the water than our largest sailing
ships do, can move through the water four or five times
f.,stjr than any of our vessels,is proved by the vast ra-
pidity oi..!be motion of the whale, although its head, or,
as the sailors would say, its bow, is much more bluff,
and ill adapted la penetrating the water, than the bows
of a ship. A whale s7hen struck by a harpoon will
dart perpendicularly down Cith such velocity that it is
necessary to moisten the rope attaielea to the harpoon,
to prevent the friction of the rope ign:tirlthe gunwale
of the boat. We are aware that a whale :g gifted with
this extrordinary power by the great author o: nature,
no doubt for the wisest of purposes, and that any 7t"
tempt of human skill to impart the same energy to our
inanimate ships would be futile ; but still we maintain,
that the rapid progress through the water of so an-
wieldy a body as the whaN with its huge bluff head,
proves that the limit ordinarily assigned as the rate of
sailing ships is not to be ascribed to the mere resistance
of the water, but to the impossibility of carrying more
sail. That vessels are capable of moving at much
greater speed through fluid than our best sailing vessels,
has long since been fully proved by the rate of our su-
perior steamers ; and it the statement we are about
transcribe from a recent number of the Greenock Ad
verfiser, can be implicitly relied on, the speed of steam
‘essels exceeds that of sailing vessels thirty or forty pci

(From the Courier.)
That spawn of Unitarianism, the Affi:mation Bill,
„went through Committee last night, It is a satis-
ruition which is shared by every good Christian and
by, every righteous man, of whatever religious
faith he may be, that, if the Bill eventually pass
the Commons, it mast come under the scrutinis-
ing revision of that House on which, since the inun-
dation of thy Cernmong by the turbulent streams
of renublicanism and infi.leljtY, the nation I:as eon-
tidontly placid a reliance whic:i has never yet been
.disaopeinced. Vv o are glad that this chance remains of
continuing that security in the good faith 64 witncsses on
civil and criminal cases, and of the jurymen who try them,
idch has existed from the most remote ag,.- 5, and Ohich
has been adopted, under different forms, it is true, by ad
nations under the sun. The pretence for the proposed
substitution of the bare word for the solemn oath,
which carries wiLh it so many sacred obliga-
ti..ms, is perfectly ridiculous. It is stated that the main
object of the Bill is to relieve persons who entertain
conscientious scruples to taking an oath, under the im-
pres,ilon that swearing to the truth of an allegation is
:forbidden by the word of, God. Can anything be more
absurd than such a notion ? We are bound by the
Mosaical Decalogue, and not by isolated portions of the
criptures. 'Cunt code forbids us to take "the name
of the Lord our God in vain," which clearly means that
we shalt neither use his holy name in idle conversation
nor iu attestation of that which is false.

cent. :
« STEAM WONDERS.—The same day which saw the
Archimedes pass the quays of Greenock also witnessed
the first trial of the elchdies, previous to her taking her
place on the station for which ehe ha:. been built, be-
tween the Clyde and Liverpool. This splendid ship is
about 1,000 tons burden, and has eoginee of larger size
than the Great Western. Although the day was un-
favourable, blowing a gale, the speed of the ship was be-
tween fourteen and fifteen miles an hour through the
water. Tuis extraordinary speed was accomplished by
the engines, which ha-, e a stroke of seven feet, making
nineteen and twenty revolutions per minute with the
greatest steadiness."
We shall not venture to offer any decided opinion as
Lo the speed which it is possible to communicate to a
steam-vessel, but we shall venture to express our con-
viction that the maximum has never yet been at-
tained. We lay considerable stress on the velocity
at which a huge and bluff-nosed whale is known to be
capable of swimming, which demonstrates that the fluids
may be penetrated by moving bodies with much more
rapidity than is generally imagined, provided an adequate
impellent power be applied. That is the mechanical
problem which remains to be solved, and when we bear
in mind the fact that locomotive steam-carriages have
lately been moved on our railways at a rate five or six
times greater than scientific men believed to be pos,
sible when the Liverpool and Manchester Railway was
first formed ; and when we further reflect upon the
various improvements in steam machinery now in pro
cress ;-0: hen we take all these things into cousidera-
Lion, why should we doubt that our steam-vessels 'hay
at some future, and probably not very distant time,
be brought to such perfection as to make the voyage
between Liverpool and New York in five or six days,
or even less?
Those who may laugh at what we here deliberately
commit to paper, would have believed any man mad
who, but a few years ago, should have predicted that a
locomotive engine should in the year 1840 tr ►vel at the
rate of seventy•five miles per hour! and yet this mecha-
nical phenomenon has recently been witnessed on the
North Midland Railway.