The Sun.
London, England, 1841-10-11 00:00:00

4

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LITERATURE.
?ARLEY'S PENNY LIBRARY AND TREA-
SURY OF KNOWLEDGE,' ENTERTAIN-
MENT, AND DELIGHT,
London, Cleave, She-lane.
The First. Part of this publication has lately
appeared, and is to be continued weekly in penny
Parts, and monthly in fourpenny Parts, forming,
certainly, one of the cheapest periodicals of the
day..- The .fourpenny Part contains 144 pages
duodecimo, of small type, but neatly and dis-
tinctly printed, and interspersed with a great
, variety of wooden cuts. Some of these are well
finished, others are not ; and-we would, there-
fore; suggest to the. publisher the propriety of
improving the cuts, even though he should
vasere_
'duce the number by "one-half.. A few executed
, like that of the fin of the whale, and a
-, would
. illustrating. he art of manufacturing
..be orn.aanental as well as instructivell6:'tales with
:KreatlY .to the value of the book. laEas-nd add
which it abounds are in genera \Tvetlheletoinl4focmtlale_
language is simple and intelligible;
of the work
tion
.good ; and the moral tendency
~..vv,e.itcalculated to make a las.tidng.ialnicalpbuebnleifishceiarl,
-- • 'll4Pression on the youthful min
'who.says he has no pecuniary interest whatever
fla the little work, farther than the very slight
portion which attaches to him as publisher, thus
gives an outline of its plan and object :
propose, through the medium of Familiar and
.r.nteresting Conversations,to elicit incidentally such
.
. traits or character as 'require correction, together with
.eontraSli'itg `exhibitions of the nobler qualities ; and our
Tales and Legends, our Poetry and Dramatic Pieces,
twill supply antidotes which, while they exhilarate the
-mind, enliven. the imagination, and enlarge the under-
standing, will neutralise the ingredients of many a poi-
- -soned chalice, at present so indiscriminately circulated.
But these constitute by far the least consequential por-
tion of our scheme. • Strenuous endeavours will be
directed to the formation of a vigorous taste—to the
creation of a just Perception of what is really beautiful,
in contradistinction to the prevailing rage for unmiti-
gated indulgence in sanguinary horrors on the one hand,
:and gross buffoonery or maudlin sentimentality on the
other. The rich and costly stores of the Greek and
Roman classics, of the very existence of which vast num-
, .bers of both sexes never heard, will be popularly pre-
ented to .our readers by an occasional prose analysis of
'some celebrated author ; by which many even of those
who have dog's-eared a school Ovid, and subsequently
arrived •at the distinction of applying their wretched
latinity to the exposition of Greek, will derive more
.knoWledge of the classics from one. of our humble num-
bers,. than could be gathered from all the disjointed and
'fragmental lumber which they have heaped together
in the course of their too generally worse than useless
• studies..
" Natural History will also obtain the share of
due to: its importance ; together with such of and Scienees as are most interesting, to nArts
fer the
, greatest benefit upon man."
The following description of the whale affordS
a fair specimen of the work :
• 'Phe whale is one of the most extraordinary pro-
ductions of nature, and contributes very largely -to-the
comforts and convenience of man, while the extensive
ifiSheries, for capturing that monster of the , ci-
tute an excellent school for rearing hardy an dd
eeepxperionstenced
•-; • seamen, the' importance of which is incalculable, in con-
nection With a great nation like this, which is indebted
tor all its influence and vastness of 'foreign possessions
to the insulated position of the mother country, and the,
.'exercise of almost undisputed mastery on the sea, the en-
. tire length and breadth
.of which may be - said to
portion of the British empire.
But the whale, thou
g a
h
an inhabitant of the depths of ocean, and invested with
amazing power in swimming and directin g its ,
with no legs to walk and. no capacity to exist outcourse of
svater,, its pro
these per element—the whale, notwithstanding
tish-hke qulities, is not a fish, but belongs the
' order of marrunaalia—of an that bring forthto their
Progeny and suckle them with milk ; and its fins differ
in a siugular manner from those of fishes ; they nearly
resetnhle the human arm, and terminate with a hand,
.11aving. four fingers,- as delineated in this drawing. The
l'rthbale is thus ens, as
to clasp its young, and carry
ii 464,. in Us orm, and perform many of those acts of dal-
re"ee and affection for which the mother is distinguished
ng terre'stcial animals. The tail of the whale is also
enrious combination of mechanical powers ; and, in
Thaddititio
'a. to 'the great strength bestowed upon it, the
c,t,lsctef, allow it to be turned any way, with as much fa-
as the human arm ut the formion of te til
of the fish circumscribes its motions oat the limitedh use
I.lr which it was designed; that of directing its course,
-evhile in the whale it presents a most formidable weapon
'of defence, with which it frequently hurls a boat and its
crew into the air, whilst writhing from the anguish of
harpoons buried in its flesh, and striving in vain to escape
from the persevering efforts of its destroyers. The blood
' of the whsle is warm, like that of terrestrial animals ;
its brain is much larger in proportion than that of the
fish ; it eyes have a remarkably intelligent expression ;
• and its, sense of hearing is so acute as to increase very
consi Jerably the difficulty of approaching it near enough
to ir4lict the stroke by which its great strength is finally
overcome.
" The north and south seas abound with whales, and
4-I they are generally discovered by those who seek them. for
the valuable oil they yield, by the fountain-like stream
of water which they eject. 'The moment a fish is seen
from the mast-head of a whaler, the boats are manned
*ad row away in quest of him. They silently as possible
:get near enough for the harpooner to throw his weapon
at the tmormous animal, which, on receiving the wound,
ives to
face wan immense depth, or darts along near the sur-
ith extreme extreme velocity ; but a rope is attached to the
harpoon which has been struck into its huge body, which
rope is allowed to run out freely, or the boat would be
dragged under water ; and the direction of the rope
enables them to follow up their victim, until repeated
Wounds at length leave the monster lifeless upon the sur-
face of the water."

FEVER IN CARLISLE.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE CARLISLE JOURNAL.
ner
Sir—I hand you the following statement of the mini-
of patients admitted in the Carlisle House of Re-
,e6verY, affected with typhus fever, during the last six
'ears- I find it stated. in the Report for the years 1836-7
that the average 'nuMber of patients admitted in each
• ear since the opening of the house till that time, em-
Z•acng a period of seventeen years, had been 63 ; de-
s_'"etng- cases of scarlet fever and small-pox, which are
de-
pot included in my statement, the averagc number of ad-
nuss;ona up to that time in typhus alone would not ex-
Ceed 56 or 57 per annum.
Admitted, affected with Typhus.
From Ist Sept. 1835 to 31st Aug. 1836 31
Ffrom Ist Sept. 1836 to 31st Aug. 1837 ... 74
rPm Ist Sept. 1.837 to 31st Aug. 1838 ... 281
Front lst Sept. 1838 to 31st. Aug. 1839 ... 98
• Prom Ist Sept. 1839 to 31st Aug. 1840 ... 108
Pro m Ist Sept. 1840 to 31st Aug. 1841 ... 232
of Oad n referring ta the Report, I find the great number
tic
° ina the years 1837-8, ascribed to an epide-
as ev
raienc of typhus, which visited Carlisle as. well
1837.1er large towns of the kingdom in the autumn of
1838 but the stead.), and fearful increase Since the year
cause d°es not appear to be attributable to any such
epide--ndeed, it Is stated in our last Report that the only
the tillneie d, it
could be said to have prevailed during
ll„Yror.eding twelve months was measles, and that
was ""° ,;thole autumn, when the number of fever cases
Pitiog,reat, " the atmospheric conditions seemed pro-
. vri4.B ,to;the public health."
tient3"! 'respect to the Class of society to which the pa-
kin* in general belong, I find that out'of 150 patients
130 .ted Ist December, 1839, and .Ist December, 1840,
thr were paid for by the relieving officers ; only 16 of
~ 0443
re 130, however, were brought from the workhouses,
,6_ mainder having been removed di.rectly from their
7 habitation to the hospital.
To„,ltaY observe, that on the Ist January last, it was
raise necessary, on account of the state of the funds, to
to 10 the charge for admission of pauper patients from 7s.
thin
alters 6d. per
has affected the number of admissions. not
• Yours very truly,
le, sth October,
T. 1841 T. RAILTON, Secretary.
—`c•wi.

I;"TATE OF THE BOROUGH OF STOCK-
),,,Wr----As an indication of the distressed state of the
1,,.,- -`)l'er class of rate-payers in this borough, we may
bAlt_ion• that no less than 300 persons were summoned
non-
-1), re the Magistrates on Wednesday last, for
.tptn,iaeynt.mosfetshte:te,. poor-rates. Besidep this striking fact,
that there were upwards of 50 fresh_
t Y'letlorls for relief made to the relieving
last. There are 17
t Ls, township alone, on Tuesdayofficer of
I°:Dships in the Stockport Union, and relief is dis-
tli--se,d by three relieving officers ;
.we have given the
eat-Il:el' of applications for relief in one day to one
'''' r ma ; what the number of applications to the
doper two y be, it is impossible for us to "%lit'
have
_ss%they will be in the s say ;
.bwute,
ame proportion, and
no doubt that there have been at least 200 fresh
Zpilieations heard at the sitting of the Board this day.
a this
„cep a gOeS to prove the melancholy fact, that distress,
his h nd heart-rending, is stead* on the increase in
v,9r°nq' and neighbourhood.—Stochport Chronicle.
.11. A r, .%
41:b ~,,--.,II,IcENT COLUMN BETWEEN Ross
01 /j7,'(roitn --General Browne Clayton, of Adling-
br i'4ll' near irg n who commanded the 12th Light
Ae°ltatitZit'' has erected this column to commemorate the
, ber
~,,,,°,l Efiypt, under the command of Sir Ralph
A' bet ''',o', L... 13. It stands on the rock of Carrig-a-
MeeP,' Noining the mail-coach road, and presents to
°I wilief°l9, of the most beautiful and classic oyenaemetntes
elehr:tt ,i'rOand can boast. It is a fae:sina.ll
Egypt
h
which
,e", POmpey's Pillar at Alexandria, in _ ,
this hr Presented itself to the gallant army on the day
IwOrtt.teeeper°elll_ thatider received Isis mortal wound.—Bol-
Ayr 38*
pleted ,ar steamer has been just built and com-
;nt°l' sea at New York, for the Emperor of Russia...
chati' 2,468 tons burthen, and is called the hams-
b/144". ; on trial it was found that under steam only she..
ass, 111.4° knots, and with the aid of some of her can
I,4Bpthirteen knots an hour ; she has 600-horse power,
ar deck is 240 feet in length, on which she has?
(pais.tien-inc with two eight-inch hollow shot
.Funo.
Atio",.lah's) and ten ate36pours; she is built wholly . t
'''4ll wood and metal, a cost of 400,000 do.lari,.
A G
---- 13 P".--Are you acquainted with Dr.
i:Ze,___ . the Master of Baliol College ? I never heard a
hperfect or excellent pun than his. ' When some one
the Lo"', in a late dispute among the Privy Councillors,
IhqtecthitisplCiti?tri:ellor struck the table with such violence
" No, no, no," replied the Master, drily,
t 1,%, !lardly persuade myself that. lie split the table
2,11),,,.T X believe that be divided the Board"—Mrs.
"‘c.

INSURRECTION IN SPINN
FULLEST PARTICI'''. Ans.
The following will be found
. to•contain the most ample
details relative to the
revolt at Pampeluna ; the facts are
brought from the •t.inee'the movement broke out down to
the latest t, :clod when news had been received, and are
taken"t,artly from the French papers and partly from
ler sources. The following extracts are from the Sea-
r tinelle of Bayonne:—
" At daybreak on the 2d inst. General O'Donnel ap-
peared at the quarters of La Merced, which was 'occu-
pied by the 2d battalion of the regiment of Estremadura,
made it form into line, and led it to the'citadel, where it
fuund another battalion of the same regiment, and a
detachment of cavalry ; with these forces he declared
himself to be in revolt against the present Go.
eirnment. As soon as the news of this reached
General Ribeiro, he proceeded to visit all the bar-
racks, and took every measure circumstances required,
and, assisted by the National Guard and the rest of the
garrison, prepared to defeat the designs of the insur-
gents. Some Spaniards, whom we believe well informed,
assure us that this act of O'Donnell's was certainly in
concert with a party at Madrid, and that we might ex-.
pect to hear of the insurrection breaking out at several
towns. We are also informed that movements similar to
that at Pampeluna have taken place at Bilboa and Vit-
toria. A report is circulated that an attempt at a rising
was made at Tolosa, in the same night as that at Pam-
peluna; that a commissary of the army and a brigadier
endeavoured to seduce the troops, but succeeded only
with a few of the soldiers. With this detachment the
two leaders took up a post at about a league from
Tolosa, on the road to Navarre, and here stopped the
Pampeluna diligence on its way. Not finding the com-
munications they expected, they suffered it to pass
on. General Alcala is at Tolosa with a bat-
talion. He has trusted the keeping of St. Sebastian to
the national militia. He has issued an order of the day,
addressed to his troops, in which, after praising their
valour and loyalty, makes them acquainted with what
has taken place, and expresses his confidence that at
their head he will be able to execute, however difficult,
whatever may be necessary_ for the preservation of the
Constitution, the young Queen, and the present Govern-
ment.. A. commercial traveller just arrived at Bayonne
from Pampeluna, states that the National Guard was
under arms and sent out patrols, hut refused to do duty
at the gates became this task belonged to the army,
while theirs was to preserve the property of their fellow-
citizens. The diligence in which this person was travel-
ling was stopped on the road by an officer, who, after
questioning the passengers as to what had occurred at
Pampeluna, informed them that the movement was to
extend to all parts of Spain, but the discovery of the
plot had hastened its execution at Pampeluna. This
officer had come from Tolosa, the garrison of which town
he had failed in exciting. A report was current at Be-
hobia that some soldiers at Tudela had massacred their
officers, and then went to Pampeluna.”
ORDER OF THE DAY AND PROCLAMATION
OF GENERAL O'DONNELL.
" THE COMMANDER-GENERAL OF NAVARRE AND THE
MASQUE PROVINCES.
" Soldiers—The august Princess whose name was your
guide for seven years to battle and victory; she who in
her zeal for the welfare and prosperity of Spain, opened
the doors of the
.country to exiled Spaniards ; the re-
storer of liberty to this unhappy nation ; she who pre—
ferred at Valencia an honourable exile rather than vio-
late the Constitution of 1837; the mother of your Queen,
in fact, is about to return to you. In vain has an ungrate-
ful man, allied to what the revolution has produced of
most impure, attempted to substitute himself for the
illustrious Christina. That was impossible. You have
been witnesses, during a year, of his odious tyranny.
Incapable of governing the nation, feeble in the presence
of foreign Powers, ungrateful towards the army whose
blood he did not spare in elevating himself, you. have
seen him, in the midst of offended Spain, authorising the
most despotic and immoral, acts, whilst trampling upon
the COnstite.tion to which they had sworn, and glorying
in a brutal firmness 'the revolution and its chief deprived
a mother even of the consolation of educating in the
love of her people the daughters whom she loves with
idolatry, and at Carthagena trampled the national flag
under foot. The Spanish army is dying with hunger in
return for its campaigns ; those worthy officers whose
wounds had compelled them to retire from military ser-
vice, but who were expecting civil employment when the
benevolent era of peace had arrived, have been set aside,
their wounds have even been laughed at, and offices of
every kind hay, fallen into the hands of a scum • atro-
ciously notorious in street revolt, but utterly unknown
in the camps during the seven years' war. Even the
lives of the Queen and of the Infanta, her sister, are in
peril ; yes, soldiers, the lives of these august children,
which are our guarantee against the renewal of the pre-
tensions of Don Carlos. The august Queen-Mother,
who, by the treason of an ambitious man, has been de-
prived for a time of her regency, returns to Spain to
claim the sacred deposit which the country had confided
to her by the organ of the Cortes. You will find by her
side the generals who have so frequently led you to
victory, and whose blood, mixed with yours, has flowed
on the field of battle. For myself, I have no doubt of
your fidelily. Soldiers ! you have been too long made
the dupes of the ambition of one man. Hasten now to
the post of honour assigned to you near the throne of a
Queen. "LEOPOLD O'DONNELL.
" Head-quarters of Pampeluna, Oct. 2."
" Inhabitants of Navarre and the Basque Provinces!—
When, at the expiration of the civil war, you embraced
the Spanish army on the plains of Bergara, your lan-
guage was sincere, and the oath of fidelity which you
swore to Queen Isabella 11. at that solemn moment, has
been kept by you with your characteristic good faith.
But do you remember, Basques and Navarrese, the day
when you received the solemn word of the Chief of the
armies, and that he promised to respect youtfueros and
that the peace which was that day welcomed by' all
should never be disturbed? Do you remember that it was
then the illustrious Christina who governed the kingdom,
and who, more than any person, was anxious tc put an
end to the struggle between Spaniard and Spaniard ? If
so, cast your eyes over what remains from that memo-
rable day, and judge what is likely to occur if you,
the army, and all Spain, do not awake from your sleep.
The man who made to you so many promises whilst you
were in arms, General Espartero, who gave you a hy-
pocritical embrace at Bergara, has deceived the mother
of his Queen, compromised the Spanish nation, treacher-
ously laid hold of the Regency, virtually abolished
your ferret, and will finish by the open destruction of
them on the most frivolous pretext. Under his rule
the most sacred laws of the State have been violated ;
the august Princess, deprived of Isabella 11., has
been compelled to seek refuge from revolution in
a foreign land ; the religion of our fathers is
already tat; eked with effrontery, and this false
and traitorous man only waits for an opportunity
to .drive from the throne of their ancestors the innocent
children who stand in the way of his ambition. Basques
and Navarrere, Queen Maria Christina of Bourbon
is about to return amongst you ; the majority of the
nation and the army expect her with impatience, and
certainly you will not be less eager. In Spain there can
be no struggle between anarchy and the defence of the
throne. We shall triumph—we shall triumph without
affection t
main-
tained i oti to
the Spanish people, your
the effusion of blood. Under the Government of ap
venerable
Queen who has given soany
prooffsueorros will
hera
•
to their full extent, and the respectable clergy,
whose rightful possessions are being taken from them in a
Catholic; revolutionary manner, will be protectedas they ought'to
be in a country which is eminently the Ministers
of the Lord will retain the dignity attached to the worship
of the eternal God. If interests which ought to be respected
o
shOuld' inflict any prejudice upon the purchasersGt
national property, the august Queen Regent and her o
ve!nment will come to an arrangement with the head of
the Church as regards those interests, which shall in no
manner injure the actual possessors. Basques and Na-
varrese, being charged in the name of her Majesty, and
preparatory to her arrival with the command of your
provinces, the inhabitants will and in me a firm defender
of their rights, and a general well known never to have
broken his word. Let the friends of the Queen.rally
round me ; let them throw themselves into the arms of
that army which, more sincere than the man who com-
manded them at Bergara, heartily embraces them ; as
for me I shall always regard as traitors all who act
otherwise.
" The Lieutenant-General Viceroy and Captain-Ge-
neral ad interim of Navarre and the Basque Provinces.
" LEOPOLD O'DONNELL,"
The Quotidienne says that it was between twelve and
one at night when O'Domiell introduced himself into the

citadel of Pampeluna. Some persona (this, Journal adds)
say that O'Donnell took 12,000)000 of francs (429,0000
with him, and not three only, as was stated.
The following, from the Spanish frontier, is from the
Memorial Bourdebis :—" 'We hear that Estella in Na-
varre, and Aspeitia in Guipuzcoa, have adopted the po-
litics of O'Donnell against Espartero. A Junta is to be
established at Aspeitia to provide for the immediate ne-
cessities of existing circumstances. Both these towns
have made themselves remarkable for their zealous devo-
tion to Carlist principles, and therefore it may be ques-
tioned whether a movement, begun under pretence of main-
taining the throne of Isabella 11., may not, in the end,
be turned to the advantage of Don Carlos and his par-
tisans, and thus, by deceiving the moderate party,
supplant it and, bring back the civil war to the point at
which it was before the treaty or nergara./' The Indi-
cateur on the subject of affairs in Navarre, says :—'• On
the 4th some more defections were spoken of, but the
frontier was quiet. The inaction of 0'1.)onnell, who is
still shut up in the citadel of Pamplona, is only to be
attributed to his waiting to hear of his .being seconded
by similar attempts in other quarters. The Govern-
ment, however, informed of what had been for some time
preparing beyond the Pyrenees, had taken its measures
to defeat the projects, and we believe that by this time
the troops which were in Arragon and Castille have been
marched towards Navarre, whither they will be followed
by the Regent in person."