The Sun.
London, England, 1823-12-26 00:00:00

Tlik: MA ILK ETS.

coRN-Exen.ANGE, nytc.
Ire have had no arrivals on aczount of the contrary winds,
hut the expectation of vessels coming in front the coast ennui
the consumers not to purchase at this day's prices ; but few
riffles have been made this morning except by those who are out
of stock, and last Illonday's prices were obtained for all de..
scriptions of Grain of good quality.

SMITHFIELD MARKET, Mc, 26.
Although there was a short market this morning, the supply
was folly sufficient for the demand, as the trade was dull, and
few purchasers, at a lower price than on last Monday.
To sink the Offal, per stone of Alb,
Beef , .... Is 6d to 4s 61 Veal
Maswa... . 64 to 4s 44 I Pork
Lamb Oi Od to Os Dd.

HAT AND STR•W, PER LOAD.
Hoy £4 Os to £5 Us I Clover
Straw £1 las to d.:s $c

The Dukes of TURK and CLA R ENCE left town
yesterday, for the Pavilion, Brighton, on a visit
to his MAJESTY.

ViiCOUIatCSS STaANGFORU and suite arrived at
Sir AIICUILIALEI CURISTIE'S at Chatham, front
Constanrinople, on Monday last.
l'onTsstoum, Dec. 24.—This Artolllooll ar+
rived his Majesty's ship Cambridge, of 82 guns. She will he
paid immediately (probably to-morrow), and having embarked
the respective Consols, Vice-Consuls, Cmrunissiont3rs, Agents,
and their families (some of whom have been here a considerable
time), she will sail for South America. His Majesty's ship
Jupiter, of 60 guns, was towed into harbour on Monday, by
the King's Steamer; she expected to be paid off' on Saturday,
all standing, and re-commissioned Immediately. Orders have
been received to recruit the !loyal Marine Corps, on the same
principica of extent of age and shortness of stature as are 110 W
adopted by the troops of the line.
Yesterday was one of the mildest Christmas
days that can be remembered. The only one
with which it can be compared, is that of the
year before last. The thersnotneter, at 01111
o'clock, that day, however, reached no higher
than 43 degrees ; whereas yesterday, at the same
hour, it reached to 50. lint what has been most
remarkable in the tempereture of the present
Christmas, was the mildness of the preceding
night. The lowest degree to which the mercury
in the night thermonseter sunk in the interval
(wean sun-set and sun-rise .yesterday morning,
was only 45.

Wednesday morning, as some burgetnen were
proceeding in their barge along the Paddington
Canal, they observed something like the body•of
tt human being floating on the surface of llto
water, and, after a Short period, they succeeded
in getting it on shore, when they discovered it to
be the body of an athletic roan, dressed as a
Quaker, perfectly dead, and upwards of six feet
in height. It was conveyed to a neighbouring
public.house for a coroner's inquest ; and every
inquiry is making to ascertain who are the friends
of the► deceased. He appears to be about sirity
years of age.

Liu
W'eSlft EET.---(TH D A /7011 Mi Out-
rage.)—Ellen Connor, Nary KeNhock, Abraham
Tyree, J. Groon, and John Perfect, were put to the
bar uit a charge of the most brutal outrage to a fe.
male about one o'clock this morning, in liow•st rect.
The prosecutrix described herself to have been
beaten in the most disgraceful and shocking man•
ner, and to have been knocked down and ac.
tually jumped upon before her screams brought
assistance. The prisoners were at length taken to
the watch-house. The prnsecutrix, however,
now only charged Jones and Perfect with es-
saulting her, anti they were ordered to find bail.
The watchmen charged the ether three with
being disorderly. The unfortunate female WAR
described to have been literally covered with
blood. They were, however, discharged, nd
the other two locked up,

TIM LONDON JOURNALS.

DAILY
Extracts from the Morning Papers, Dee. 26.

[asoustusa cuttorsicm]
We cannot dwell too much on the observations
in the Journal des Mbats, noticed by us yester-
day, as to the importance of favouring the pro-
gress of sciences and arts, the instruction of the,
people, industry and commerce, of rendering ci-
tizens happy and intelligent, that they may,
in time of need, die with enthusiasm in de-
fence of a country which gives prospers to
their families, and guarantees the continuance
of that prosperity to their posterity. In fact a
country of which the mass of the people are not
in the enjoyment of a certain degree of comfort,
which may be in danger from disorder and com-
'motion, can never possibly be tranquil. The
snily conceivable guarantee for the execution of
the laws, is the persuasion of those living under
them, that they would be losers by their nen-
observance. Place a people so sow in the scale
that their situation cannot possibly be deteriorat-;
ed, and the law ceases to he either an object of
love or fear to them. There is a curions illus.
tuition of the inoperativeness of Law, when un-
supported by the dread of deterioration of cir.
cunastances, in an article in the Hermes, a Ger-
man RevieW, on the condition of the Baltic pro-
vinces of Itussia.
When the proprietor takes his people before the Magis-
trate, he may possibly fail in his application, and then he be-
comes the laughing stock of the boors, who all thereby feel
encouraged to allow matters to proceed to the same extremity.
The Judges themselves are not indisposed to favour the boors,
M the masters in that. case have the expences to pay, while the
boors, when they lose, can pay nothing, us they possess no-
thing. But if the boor loses, still the master is the principal
loser; fur he loses the labour of the former, as he cannot work
while he is before the Court; if thrown into prison, again,
he cannot work for his master, and he sleeps in his prison as
well as in the crib in which he usually divas ; and if he is
cudgelled he pretends the pain and the encts of the blows will
not allow him to work, and the master is again baulk• Al."
What a coutrast between the situation of one
of these proprietors and a landholder of the
North of England, surrounded by an independent
peasantry ! The wealthy can never be too
strongly impressed with the importance of giving
a little play to the imagination of the humbler
Classei.• Man is an apprehensive unhnal, and
however great the evils of poverty and destitu-
tion, he is apt in imagination to magnify them.
The dread of inexperienced evil comes wonder-
fully in aid of experienced good, and indeed may
be termed the key static of the social arch. What
has the Irish peasant, for instance, to fear ? But
hove are nations to be made prosperous and in-
tellient ? 'flow are we to improve the condition
of the mass of the people ? The Emperor Alex-
and,r tells Ferdinand that he must make Ids
people prospereus and happy. But it is one
thiwt to issue Rik Edict, like Peter this Great,
for shaving otf the beards of it population, and
anothOr to transform want end wretchedness into
comfort and abundance.

[1 111: 1?s.1
Letters of Monday evening from Park men-
Sion that the new Ministry at Madrid aro not
ion.; likely to retein their places. They were
brought into office, it is supposed, through the
intrigues of Pozsi di 13orgo, the Russian Minis-
ter ; but the united influence of the French and
English Ambassadors is now said to be predomi-
nant, and that it will dictate the appointment
of the Ministry that will succeed them.. Indivi-
(lnnis will, it is said, be selected who are
guided generally by a more: liberal policy, and
who may be supposed capable of instituting
a controul even ov'er the fickle and arbitrary
disposition of Ferdinand himself. In the af-
fair of the new financial arrangement with
Sp4in, it WIIS supposed that at least a fortnight
would elapse before any thing decisive be
known, and its being brought to a result fa-
4ourable to the holders of the constitutional
hoods ‘vniild probably. depend on the success of
the eirorts for turning nut the existing Ministry.
The notable plan for selling the independence of
South America is now said to have originated
with the well-known M. Ouvrard, the financier
and contractor, who lippearx to have relied on it
to s•tue Verdinanti from the mortification of ac.
knowledging the debts contracted by the Cortes.
We belie,,e NV a may venture to say, with perfect
confidence, that the absurd proposal was never
listened to for an instant by the capitalists who
Irately' visited Paris for the purpose of arranging
the mere open and direct financial negociation
with the Spanish restored Government. There
were difficulties sufficient in that undertaking to
prevent their travelling out of it after schemes of
such difficult or impossible execution.

rigiOnNING POSTI
'The interest -which our foreign relations have
recently excited, together with the alarm prevail-
Mg 00 the subject of the West Indies have pre-
vented us from attending of late as much as we
could wish to the state of Ireland. It is evi-
dent, however, that the affairs of the sister coon-
try will occupy a considerable portion of the en-
*ging Session, and that the eyes of those Conti-
nental Powers most inimical to the welfare of
Great Britain are even now directed to that part
of the Empire, as a suitable held for such in-
trigues as might serve to distract our Councils
anti weaken the efforts of Government in sup-
port of the independence of other nations and our
own peace and prosperity. The internal situa-
tion of Ireland, we confess, almost invites to
schemes of this sort ; and what with the iden-
tity of religion profesbed by the majority of the
inhabitants in common' with those of France,
Spilt, anti other countries, the superabundance
of population, and the ambitious machinations of
the lion Clergy end the leaders of the Ro.
inibit Laity—the aspect of Irish affairs is far
from being. satisfactory. The rnatit alarming
feature, perhaps the only formidable one, is the
studied and consentaneous exertions now making
by the Citt!tolic Priesthood and the Catholic
Association, to enflame the mass of the people with
tin enthu2;siiic vat I'm Popery, t the only true
religion , nor, in our opinion, is the circumstance
to be overlooked, that the " Most Serene and
Very Reverend" Mirace Worker, through whom
this bigotted excitemelnt h►as been produced

is closely connected with one of the most de-
voted champions of the Holy Alliance in the
late war against civil and mental liberty in Spain.
It is really painful to observe, in an enlightened
and an improving age, such a retrogression of the
natural order of things as is at present evident
among the Catholics of Ireland. The fault of
other people has almost invariably been excessive
ardour for the emancipation of intellect from su-
perstition, and the elevation of the very lowest
of society to the dignity of free-minded citizens.
Throughout Ireland the reverse of this generous
purpose is now manifest ; and men of masculine
understandieg in many things are found to pro-
claim and exult in the impositions iu Priestcraft,
in order to gain or preserve ascendancy over the
wills, and sway the actions of an ignorant multi-
tude to their personal or political objects. On this
occasion, We only wish to state, and draw attention
to so important a fact. It is one of a variety of
circumstances which cast a gloom over the prospects
of the sister country, and have operated, a ma-
terial change in a very short period among those
who were before most liberally disposed towards
the Irish Catholics. We think we may safely
say at present, that although the people of Eng-
land are ready, nay anxious, to do every thing
possible for the improvement of the condition
rand the cultivation of the intellects of the poor
Irish, they are almost unanimous in their con-
tempt and indignation at the recent conduct of
the Catholic Laity and Clergy on all ocasions
connected with religion,

[sionsuNG tmasl.l).]
It appears by the Paris Papers that a Royal
Ordouna►►ce for the 'dissolution of the French
Chambers was momentarily expected in France.
A general election at the present moment will
not only give a great impulse to the popular feel-
ing, but, in its result, materially influence the
future administration of the country. Both the
extreme parties, Liberals and Royalists, still
disapprove the dissolution, chiefly because it is
known that the first measure of the new Parlia-
ment, it'- it may be so called, will be to de-
clare its► own duration septennial. The ar-
ticles of intelligynce from Spain describe that
country as in a state truly lamentable.—
Various instances are stated of horrible atro-
cities and reprisals. The French Commanders
maintain quiet within their immediate controul ;
and this is compla►ned of by the vindictive Ser-
riles, as intolerable oppression. It appears that
Constitutionalists venture to appear publicly in
the streets of Barcelona; and this is remonstrated
against as an act of audacity and outrage. But
in other places the Serviles, in the absence of
the French, take ample revenge. The General
of the Faith, Sampere, succeeded the French in
the Government of A lica nt. His conduct has been
so horrible, and his person become so odious, that
he cannot venture abroad without a strong escort,
and has his house protected by pieces of artil-
lery. Ills avowed system is to exterminate all
the partisans of the Constitution. In the pro-
vince►► of Valencia and Murcia 5,000 Constitu-
tionalists have been incarcerated, and by strata-
gem. An order of the Alcades commanded all
absent persons to return to their homes, with a
promise of protection, on pain of confiscation of
property. They did return, to the number above
mentioned, and were thrown into prison. In Gra-
nada, a horrible massacre of Constitutionalists
is reported to have taken piece. Constitutional
bands, on the other hand, have retaliated dread-
fully' in Andalusia ; in particular at Zeres, where,
after plundering and putting to death a num-
ber of Serviles, they were attacked by the
military force, and lost twenty of their num-
ber, who were executed. It has been eta-1
ted that Ferdinand refused to a deputation
of the Clergy the re-establishment of the
Inquisition. liut if what is stated in the
French papers be true, the Inquisition is virtually
re-established at this moment. Au Ecclesiastical
Commission has been selected out of the Chapter
of Toledo, which exercises, by branch commis-
sions throughout the kingdom, over obnoxious
books, and other offences against religion, the
same jurisdiction wl►ich the inquisition possessed.
The functions of simple police are, it is true,
transferred to the Director of Police ; but he is
a man who, according to the ingenuous avowal
of the Madrid. Journal, " will give good Spa-
niards no occasion of missing the Inquisition," as
" he has all the severity of a Grand Inquisitor."

[NEW TIMES.)
Yesterday being a close holiday at all places
of commercial resort, there could be no varia-
tion in the prices of Stock, nor did any news of
importance reach the City. The French Papers
state, that two ships of the line and three cor.
vettes are fitting out at Cadiz ; that their desti-
nation is the Pacific ocean ; and that with this
reinforcement the Viceroy of Peru will soon he
enabled to destroy the revolutionary armies in
Peru, Chile, Etc. If we might be allowed a pun,
we should say, this is a very pacific armament ;
and as lo the effect it will ever produce on South
America, we might as well talk of the effect it ,
will produce in thawing the Polar ice. It is
strange that people talk of fitting out fleets and
armies without 'the slightest reference to the ex-
pence of such undertakings ; and of conquering
provinces and kingdoms without auy conside.
ration of their extent or population. We I
are quite satisfied that the most effectual
mode t 6 establish and confirm democritical
principles in South America would be to
send European armies thither to attempt to
bring those vast regions again under the colo-
nial yoke. Left to themselves, the democra..
tic faction would dwindle away, because their
principles, habits, and feelings, are not those of
the most numerous or influential part of the
inhabitants ; but so long as the republicans are
identified with the advocates of independence,
so .long will they maintain an ascendancy which
time Will at length consolidate. We avow
a general opposition to democracy, because ex-
perience has proved that it is generally mnpro-
pitious to freedom, and therefore it is that we
do not wish a policy to be pursued with regard
to South America, which mutt have the effect of
promoting dereocraticel institutions in that part
of the world. Brazil was, in our opinion, forte-

nate in having been raised to the rank of a
separate kingdom, when Buonaparte's inva-
sion of Portugal drove King John across the
Atlantic ; and the only result at present of
the foolish desire to reduce it again to the
state of a Colony, is to weaken the influence
of Monarchical principles in the Brazilian Pro-
vinces. We are well aware that our Radical
Journals and our Radical speechifiers all con-
found freedom with democracy, and consider that
a Constitution approaches the nearer to liberty,
in proportion as it recedes from Monarchical grin-
; ciples. But this only chews their gross ignorance;
it proves that they know nothing about the
British Constitution in particular, to which some
of them pretend to be attached, but others
more honestly declared themselves hostile.
These men uniformly clamour for South Ameri-
can Independence ; but they would be very in-
different about it, if they were told it was to
lead to the establishment of new Monarchies;
and yet they have never considered whether the
inhabitants are fit for demorratical government,
whether they desire it, whether they understand
it, or whether it might not lead to their debase-
ment and ruin.