The Sun.
London, England, 1840-09-17 00:00:00

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
( From the Morning Chronicled
-

The Honourable and Reverend Henry David Erskine
ha: ing vacated the living of St. Martin's, Leicester, for
one more valuable elsewhere, the Lord Chancellor will
be called on to exercise the Crown right of patronage.
As in no one respect have the Whigs been more at
fault than in the bestowal of their patronage, and more
particularly that in the Church, it may be as well that
we should seize this occasion to offer a few observations

on the subject. It will be allowed that the Crown pos-
sesses no patronage which is not necessary to the bene-
ficial working of the Government. When, therefore,
the Sovereign reposes confidence in men who profess
particular political principles, we conceive they owe
it not less to the Sovereign than to the pe.opls
who give to them their support on account of their
principles to bestow their patronage in such a way as
shall not paralyse the Government by leading those
who seek favours to hope they may obtain them with-.
out quitting the ranks of the opposition. Patronage,
therefore, is a trust, held by Ministers on the condi-
tion of bestowing it, not only on persons properly qua-
lified in point of fitness, but professing the political
opinions on which the Government is conducted ; and
the neglect of the condition tends to weaken an ad-
ministration, by creating a belief that it attaches little
importance to its own principles, and by producing an
impression on the minds of aspirants for place that
they gain their object as well by opposing the
Government as by supporting it. We have
always been firmly persuaded that if Govern-
ment had been more anxious to stand well with
its supporters than its opponents, a number of the
latter would long ago have become its supporters. But
we will confine ourselves for the present to the Church.
We have never spoken to a clergyman, of whatever
party in the Church, who
.has not admitted that the
present Ministry have done more by their measures to
strengthen it than any preceding Ministry. The com-
mutation of tithes alone has been of immense advantage
to the Church. How happens it, then, that the clergy
arc so generally opposed to the Government ? In the
first place, the Whigs began by neglecting their
own supporters and bestowing their patronage on
their political opponents. One great blunder that
Lord Brougham committed was of incalculable mis-
chief. The Bishops at the time were nearly all
rank Tories, and yet he made over to the Bishops
the appointment to all livings in the Church under

2001. a•year. The men to whom these livings are an
object, are of all others, perhaps, the most influential.
They are taken from the people, with whose ways and
wishes they are intimately acquainted, and are not cor-
rupted by a luxurious life, or carried away.by fashion-
able vanities and frivolities, but devoted to the con-
scientious discharge of the pastoral office, and in
consequence are possessed of the regard and confidence
of their flacks. These men were thus told that they
had nothing to hope from the Whigs. But the digni-
-1 ties of the Church and rich livings were often bestowed
on rank Tories, on men who had made themselves con-
sp;euous by speechifying against the Government.
(From the Times.)

The whitewashing system of Somerset-house re-
cei%cd a blow at Crediton on the 29th of last month,
from which, we flitter ourselves it will not easily re-
cover. The Board of Guardians of the Crediton
Union, in the true spirit of independent English
gentlemen, felt that their characters were compro-
mised by the manner in which the Assistant Coin-

missioners, Messrs. Gilbert and Parker, thought
proper to conduct the mock inquiry into the circum-
stances attending the death of the paupers Lock and
Dart, to which we hare already found occasion, more
than once, to direct the attention of our readers.
The G:iardians felt that charges made and rumours
circulated of men being cast aside to die i❑ an out-
house, without fire or furniture or bedding (except straw
and a blanket), in the depth of winter, and of these
dying men being driven to the pump and washed in cold
water with a mop in the open air—that such charges as
these demanded, for the credit of the law, for the honour
of all parties concerned in its administration, and for the
reasonable satisfaction of the public, a full, candid, itn•
partial, and open inquiry. They desired to let the public
know, that if such things were done, they at least were
innocent of all participation, either by previous sanction,
or by subsequent knowledge and acquiescence i❑ such
proceedings ; that they had no wish to screen guilty '
parties from exposure or punishment ; that they were
conscious of nothing in themselves, would tolerate
nothing in their subordinates, and would cfreQuate
nothing at the instance of their superiors which would
not bear the light. They saw the inquiry, as it was
called, before Messrs. Gilbert and Parker carried on in
a manner against which they were bound emphatically
to protest, commencing in an unveccdented end un-
justifiable attempt to prejudice the case by impeaching
the motives of the gentleman who challenged investiga-
tion ; and marked during its continuance by a sud-
den and unexplained alteration of the course of
proceeding vexatious to the parties, obstructive of
the investigation, and contrary to the written en-
gagements and public declarations of the principal
Assistant Commissioner. They were bound to show

that the suppression of testimony—the refusal of per-
mission to the complaining parties to conduct their
own case, and produce and examine their own

witnesses in thefr own order—the exclusion of the
public, of the relatives of the deceased, of the
gentleman with whom the complaint originated, and of
themselves, the guardians of the poor, from the court
of inquiry, were acts for which they ought not to be
held responsible. At a judicial investigation, most
deeply affecting their own characters and the interests
which they were appointed to protect, they were net
suffered to be present. Their remonstrances, strong yet
temperate, were contemptuously disregarded. One
course only remained foe them to pursue, and that
course, to their infinite credit, was by them instantly
and unanimously adopted. On the 29th of August
the Chairman and Vice-Chairman, and every other
member of the board, resigned their offices, and by an
entry of that date recorded their resignation upon the
minute-book of the Crediton Union.
(From the Morning Advertiser.)
A Repeal Association which, notwithstanding it has
been three months in existence, only now numbers
twenty thousand members, according to Mr. J. O'Con-
nell's admission, out of a population of eight millions,
does not seem to make that formidable progress which
would require that its existence should be put down by
the sword, as the Tory journals daily demand of the
Government. The cry of Repeal, in fact, languishes
and grows faint in Dublin, either from the temporary
silence of the Agitator's voice, or from the more un-
wonted fact that this time, at least, he has not hit
upon a chord that vibrates in unison with national
feeling. The people of Ireland, in truth, are not merely
di% ide'd into two separate parties on this ques'.ion,
as though it were one of religious ascendancy ;
there is both a great schism among them, of the Shar-
man Crawford party and the Repeal parts, and like-
wise a general apathy. The cause cf this anathy we
have before attributed to the rapid strides in corn.
werce and prosperity which, notwithstanding all draw
i,bi.sitclkis,Glrreealatndßhriatasinm,adaendsittnrcoeretheesppeerciioadllyordhuerrinuniion-
opf period of will and beneficent sway
her Liberal
hist G ogv n'e-
to the Union can show any parallel to.
ment—a progress wl,,ich no
for Repeal arises, we are toA, from the evils
ries demand
ab-
senteeism, and from the injustice of
have madeW h y
assimilating the
burdens of the two count •
it it
ashroeullidgiohues
lleoryofprior
supposed that the priests
question, or what interest they
could have to do so,
we cannot sec, unless they arc prepared to solve
the most difficult and disputed points of the sciance
of political economy,
and declare absenteeism an unmi-
tigated evil, and a
man's personal liberty and power of
spending his income where lie likes, a crime worthy of
purgatory or expatriation. A Mr. Reynolds exhibited
a statement of the sums expended by the nobility and
gentry of Ireland in the year 1800, within the city of
Dublin, all of which are now spent by them in the qua-
lity of absentees elsewhere. Of this hardship we can-
not see the foundations. We cannot sec the right of
Ireland, or the good it would confer upon her, to treat

EVENING EDITION.

her in any other manner than as an integral part of the
kingdom, or to look upon this expenditure of her pro-
prietary as in any degree more prejudicial to her than
that of the proprietary of York, who may spend their
incomes in London. A law to force every landlord to
live and spend his income Within his own parish would
would be just as absurd as :Ft would be baneful to all
parties.
(From thelfprning Post.)

It will be recollected ,tl*; in reply to- the question
put to Ministers tosaildi the close of the Session,
whether it was pro** that the treaty of the 15th of
July would be laid Were Parliament previously to the
prorogation, Lord Melbourne in one House and Lord
Palmerston in the-other said that theratifications must

be exchanged before the treaty could be presented to
Parliament, in conformity with established usage, and
that the SeeSion would probably be terminated before
the completion of this formality. With this answer
Parliament was satisfied. But it was an answer of
which, now that the treaty is before the world, we are
warranted in saying that it could not have been given
in perfect g,:cd falth. The principle upon which it has
been thought generally expedient to withhold the con-
tents of treaties from the inspection of Parliament unt:l
after their ratiiication we take to be this, viz., that until

the formal ratification has taken place, every treaty is
incomplete and invalid, and is subject to the chance
of becoming a dead letter, or one of the phases
merely of a still pending negotiation. But it is quite
certain that this principle does not apply to the case of
a treaty, which, like that of the 15th of July, contains,
as Mr. Urquhart, in a letter to a Morning Paper, reminds
the public, an article to the effect that its execution shall
commence before ratification. It might be inexpedient
or imprudent to lay this particular treaty before Parlie-
meet ; and if Ministers entertained the opinion that it
was so, they were bound to express it. But with this
question iu the present case the formality of ratification
could have nothing whatever to do. If a treaty may be
executed before it is ratified, it may be laid before Par-
liament before it is ratified, or otherwise Parliament may
at any time be deprived of its constitutional control over
the Executive Government by every easy and simple di-
plomatic device. We lament the absence of candour and
good faith in the excuse for the non•production of the
treaty to which the Premier resorted in one House of
Parliament and the Foreign Secretary in the other.
Why could not Lord Melbourne and Lord Palmerston
have said, " We refuse to produce the treaty, because
its production at the present moment might be detri-
mental to the public service ; but we do not advance on
this occasion what might, in other circumstances, be a
valid reason for this refusal—the fact, namely, that
the treaty is not yet ratified—for we arc bound to state
that the treaty is to be carried into immediate execu-
tion, without waiting for the ratification!" Had the
Noble Lords said this, Parliament would not have been
deceived, but would have had the opportunity of adopt-
ing whatever course the circumstances, thus truly stated,
might have seemed to require. We profess we cannot
imagine any reason why the two Noble Lords did not
use language like the above, unless it be that the above
language is that which would have been natural to
straightforward, manly, and honourable statesmen.
(From the Mot niag Herald.)
When to attempt is made, under the dictation of the
Foreign-office, to give an explanation to certain pro.
visions of the Quadruple Treaty for the settlement of
Eastern affairs, with the view of making the public be-
lieve that under that treaty British vessels of war may
not be excluded from the straits of the Dardanelles, let
us see in what way the attempted explanation is sup-
ported. But first let us ask, why, if the words of the

.reaty are a refutation in themselves, as the Palmerton

journal
j asserts, of the sacrifice of British interests,
ascribed by the Morning Herald to her Majesty's
Ministers in their bungling work of Eastern " paci-
fication"--why, we ask, did Goverment carefully
withhold t;ie whole and every part of that treaty
from the public eye 4 Why did they bury their
own vindication in profound secrecy, and obstinately
refuse to give the people of England any authentic in-
formation whatever, though, whether the eastern drama,

P -
now in rehearsal, turn out a " tragedy" or a "farce,"
they, aye, they—the people of England, whom her
" Majesty's servants" disdained to enlighten, will have
to pay all the costs? It is not to any Government
Journal—it is Lot to any part or portion of the Trea-
suu press, which so duly publishes the pr:clarnationa
and registers the decrees of O'Connell to his howling,
Saxon-hating slaves, to which the British public are in-
debted for being made acquainted with the actual pro-
visions and precise terms of the celebrated Anglo-Rus-
sian treaty. No ; all would have been still surmise and
conjecture as to what w.re really the stipulations of a
treaty affecting the interests not of Egypt and Turkey
only, but of England and of all Europe, it' the Morning
Mrald, which originally dragged to light the hidden
beauties of the treaty of Unkiar Skelessi, had not
withdrawn the veil from the blushing Lord Palmerston's
modesty and merits, and given his great work to the
admiring world on the wings of the press. Are we to
ascribe all this reluctance on the part of the Whig Mi-
nisters to put the country in possession of the proofs
of their patriotic attention to the interests of England,
and their best defence against the cakmniators of their
public virtue, to that mock and retiring qua:ity of their
nature, which makes them, whether engaged in " ele-
vating the character" of the Turks abroad, or the poor
at home,
Da good by stealth, and blush to find it fame ?"

~,
Now, however,. that we have done the much-calum-
niated Ministers the service of publishing their " tin-
dication," one would bawl supposed they wouki have
evinced some little sense of gratitude for the favour.

But no. All the return wbich the Alortiing Herald
receives for revealing their merits while it saved their
modesty, is pert official ilvol:.ncc and abusive language.

NEW ZEALAND COMPANY.

[Our Reporter, on applying for admission to the
meeting held on Tuesday, was informed the meeting
was private, yet it appears frern the following that a re-
pot t of the proceedings has been given by some one.]
A general meeting of the shareholders of this Com-
pany was held, on Tuesday, at their house in Beoad-
street-buildings, for the purpose of declroing a dividend.
A large profit, about 27,000/., upon the land sales for
the first 3ear, was announced at a former meeting, but
the D;reetcrs deemed it advisable to await the news of
the safe arrival out ef the several emigrant ships, which
has now been effected, ere they declared a dividend.
The new Governor,Joseph Somes, Esq. (late Deputy
Governor), in the room of the Earl of Durham, de-
ceaeed, took the Chair, when the report was read.
It would appear that several ships sailed last season
from the port of London, one from Vlymouth,
and one from Glasgow ; the quickest passage being
made by the Tory, which arrived at her destination
from London in the short space of 102 days. The
site of the first town has been fixed at Lambton
Harbour, being the inner harbour on the west
side of Port Nicholson, where the surveys were
proceeding under the directions of Colonel Wake.
field, and in the mean time the colonists had
formed temporary residences, and entered into
commercial business with considerable activity. From
numerous letters'from the settlers and the Com-
pany's officers, it seems that the position chosen for the
future town is within a harbour, sheltered from all winds,
with a secure anchorage for the largest ships, and but a
very short distance from the shore. 'file letters from
the settlers exhibited a tone of cheerfulness and satisfac-
tion ; the country being considered by the writers to
be one of great salubrity,, fertility, and rich natural
productions. The labouring classes had readily found
forth there
he
oshea twi
hboeecnousOld
little employmentecasi on at
tioi b emr aalk ew apgreos visiona n
d
not otherwise obtain work, that when the last advice 4
left, only four labourers were on the hands of the Com-
pany. Provisions were at reasonable prices, and im-
portations of stock cattle from Sydney bad insured an
ample supply of fresh food.
A vast acquisition had been made to the Company's
territories by the addition of a tract of land, about one-
third of the area of the whole of New Zealand ; this
land having been conveyed to the Company by grants,
executed by the Native Chiefs in October and Novem-
ber last.

The sales of land since the last report are to the Ply-
mouth Company of New Zealand 10,000 acres ; to the
Church Society of New Zealand •),000 acres, and to
other persons 7,600 acres, equal to 19,600 acres.
The purchase effected by the Church Society shows
that that body has the well-being of the settlers and na-
tives at heart. This Society have also arranged for
the endowment of a bishopric at Port Nicholson.
After the first of November next the Company pLr-
pose advancing the price of land to '2.55. per acre.
Pour vessels have sailed for the new settlements this
season, three from London and one from Greenock,
the
car-
rying in all 877 passengers ; in addition to which
ship Lady Nugent sails early in October. Several
ve.sels have also been chartered by partiesrhu
The Directorsn unconnected
with the Company, for Port Nicholson.
N
after strongly recommending the atteitrie Select Corn.
u tiion of the as-
sembly to the evidence taken before
mittee of the House of Commons onst ew Zealand, or-
1840, declared
dared to be printed the 3d of Aug
a (11v-I:lent of five per cent: upon the
its formationcapitalstotocktheof
the Company for the period from
30th of June last.
---...............,..

ctubrelouctuarffeahir
ttoraanspired • '
t O; t
car-
riage, d UNMARR.lED.s—tep.Apitn
THE MARRIED
gKinlnlatdg:ll,a,
alter the ceremony, the wedding party partook of an ele-
gant, cTicursydma3a•
rila:ta,
pas ma
afo.rlilcodw iilagt.
gant breakfast at the house of a near relation
some inquiry ta
The
brother of the bridcgroont had performed the
.ceremony,
and about to proceed to Aberv,t
and just as the married couple were
with to spend the
honeymoon, the vicar of the parish caused' -
be made about the licence, when hefound, to his infinite
surprise, that none had been obtained,
mar-
riage was totally void. when
thisatred, and that the
known to the bride she fainted circumstance was made
the lady indignantly ordered t, away, and the relations of
of the house. Howevu hthe reverend bridegroom out
ciliation took place, and" lt
re following morning a recon-
ciliation being really procured,
the parties were married 'according to law, and set of for
their pr,:vious destination.—Courier of iVales.

A --

'ENDING EDITION.

THE NEW ORIENTAL ROMANCE.
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vo's. post Bvo.,
THE CASHMERE SHAWL.
AN EASTERN FICTION.
By CHARLES WHITE, Esq.,
Author of " The King's Page," " Almack's Revisited," &c.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

THE NEW NOVEL.
Just ready, in 3 vels post Svo.,
THE HISTORY OF A FLIRT.
Related by HERSELF.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.
To be had at all the Libraries.

Immediately, in 3 vols. post Bvo.,
THE CLANDESTINE MARRIAGE
A Story of the Present Day.
By MISS ELLEN WALLACE.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street.

-IFTIS MAJESTY the EMPEROR of
_I. AUSTRIA having AUTHORISED and GUA-
RANTEED several DISTRIBUTIONS of MONEY
DIVIDENDS, which (though they are NO LOTTERIES)
offer many possibilities of obtaining
LARGE FORTUNES.
HEINE BROTHERS, at HANIBURGH,
Are now SELLING BONDS for the said DISTRIBU PIONS.
Persons desirous t© purchase or the next Distribution, may re-
ceive, PREVIOUS toeivin f g
any order, the PROS-3ECTUS
and PARTICULARS, upon addressing WITHOUT DE-
LAY, a line to
HEINE, BROTHERS, at HAMBUROH.
THE NEXT DISTRIBUTION, managed and guaranteed
the Austrian Government, contains
TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND TWO HUNDRED
DIVIDENDS,
Amounting to £954,888,
The Dividends being
£15,000 £6OO £7O 0 £37 10
7,500 300 50 0 37 0
3,800 200 42 0 36 0
1,800 150 40 10 35 0

1,200 100 39 0
HEINE, BROTHERS, having remitted, during a short
time, 11.4,000/., 9,0001.. 5,0001., 3,6001., &c. &c. &c., to Lon-
don ; 3,6001., 8001., 700/., to Edinburgh ; 3,6001. to Dublin ;
3,6001. to Beverley; 3,600/. to Halifax ( Yorkshire); 1,200/.
to Portleaven Harbour; 9001., 600/., to Literpool ; 9001. to
Newcastle-upon-Tyne ; 900/. to Hull ; 9001., 6001., to Man-
chester ; 6001. to Bideford; 600/. to Cork ; 6001. to Bradford ;
they shall feel glad to remit many Dividends of the said Dis-
tribution to England, Ireland, and Scotland.
The Bonds (which are no Lottery Tickets) can be cashed at
s,ery Banker's cennecteri with Germany in every mercantile
place in the world.
P.S. All those honoring Ilaine Brothers with their kind
ordeis (or application, even if not purchasing) may rest as-
sured that their swishes will be faithfully attended to.