The Sun.
London, England, 1847-01-18 00:00:00

BARNARD V. COLES.

This was an action against the late proprietor of the
Rainbow Tavern, to recover the amount of a bond given
by Argent, the defendant's successor and alleged partner,
the plaintiff, and since the execution of which Argent
had become a bankrupt. The case was tried at the
Guildhall, and a verdict returned for plaintiff.
Mr. BRAMWELL now moved for a rule nisi for anew trial
on the ground of misdirection ; also, because the verdict
was against evidence. Argent on taking the business, at
a rent for furniture, &c., had covenanted with defendant
not to order more than five pounds' worth of wine without
his knowledge, and not to accept bills. This deed was to
the plaintiff; but, in summing up the case, the Lord Chief
Baron told the jury that it did not follow that plaintiff
had read the whole of it. This was the misdirection
complained of. The Learned Gentleman also contended
that the verdict was against evidence.
Rule nisi granted.

COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, Jan.l6.
DAVIS V. LOWNDES.
This is the celebrated writ of right case, in which
Mr. Sergeant Manning, the other day, obtained a rule
nisi to change the attorney of the demander.
Mr. Sergeant BILES showed cause against the rule,
contending that the object of the change was merely
to defeat the arrangement which had been entered into
with the sanction of the Court.
Mr. Sergeant MANNING having been heard in reply,
The COURT directed the rale to be discharged.
PATER V. BAKER.
In this case, which was an action for slander of title,
brought against a survey appointed under the provi-
sions of the Metropolitan Building Act, and in which
the verdict was for the plaintiff,
The COURT ordered the rule nisi for a new trial,
which was obtained the other day on behalf of the de-
fendant, to be made absolute.
The circumstances have been frequently fully reported.

PETITIONS ON PRIVATE BILLS.
HOUSE OF COMMONS.—(SATURDAY.)
(Committee Room No. 22, before Mr. Examiner SMITH
and Mr. Assistant-Examiner FRERE.)
UNOPPOSED LIST.
The following petitions for Bills were unopposed, and
the customary formal proofs having been put in, the
standing orders were declared to have been complied
with.

BRISTOL AND EXETER RAILWAY BILL;
LOWESTOFF RAILWAY AND HARBOUR BILL;
DRAINAGE OF CROWN LAND BILL.
ADJOURNED PETITIONS.

The adjourned petitions were then resumed.
GLASGOW, DUMFRIES, AND CARLISLE RAIL •
WAY. AND GLASGOW, PAISLEY, KILMAR-
NOCK, AND AYR RAILWAY.

The petitions against this Bill were proceeded with,
and some of the allegations as to trifling inaccuracies,
either in the plans and sections or books of reference,
were sustained.

GLASGOW, DUMFRIES, AND CARLISLE, AND
GLASGOW, PAISLEY, KILMARNOCK, AND
AYR RAILWAY (No. 3).
This was the petition of the above company for leave
to bring in a Bill to make a branch from the Crawick
branch of the Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle Railway
to the main line and other small branches. The length
of the whole was forty-six miles, and the estimated cost
900,000/.
The customari formal proofs were completed, but
there was a petition containing 80 allegations against
the plans, &c., the hearing of which was adjourn° WI
Monday (this day).
(Committee Room No. 23, before Mr. Examiner T. E.

MAY and Mr. Assistant-Examiner GUNNELL.)
UNOPPOSED LIST.

The following petitions for Bills being unopposed, the
customary formal proofs were put in, and the statuling
orders declared to have been complied with :
EAST ANGLIAN RAILWAY BILL ;
BIRKENHEAD AND HERCULANEUM DOCKS;
MANCHESTER, SHEFFIELD, AND LINCOLN-
SHIRE RAILWAY;
BIRKENHEAD IMPROVEMENT BILL.
OPPOSED LIST.
GLASGOW, DUMFRIES, AND CARLILSE
RAILWAY, and
GLASGOW, PAISLEY, KILMARNOCK, AND
AYR RAILWAY (No. 2).

This was the petition of the abov'e companies for leave
to bring in a Bill to make certain extensions and branches.
extending to upwards of 36 miles of railway. The esti-
mated cost was 660,000/., and the engineer Mr. John
Miller.

The customary formal proofs having been put in,
Mr. GRAHAM opposed the petition on behalf of a Mr.
Wemys, who complained of inaccuracy and defects in
the plans, sections, and books of references. Some of
the allegations were sustained in a qualified form, and
the case dosed.
READING, GUILDFORD, AND REIGATE
RAILWAY.

Tkiis was the petition of the above company, for leave
to bring in a Bill to make certain deviations in their
line, and to repeal the restricting clauses contained in
the Reading, Guildford, and Reigate Act of 1846, so far
as they related to the construction of a particular portion
of their line. The deviations were only two of a trifling
nature, one extending to a mile, and the other three-
quarters of a mile in length.
The petition was opposed by Mr. Charles PARTIES, on
behalf of several owners, lessees, and occupiers of land,
and the Direct London and Portsmouth Railway Com-
pany, on the ground that the company were seeking for
powers which would seriously injure both the land-
holden and the railway company. One portion of the
Reading, Guildford, and Reigate Railway will pass over
the same ground as the Direct Portsmouth ; but the
latter company by their Act have the option of making
this part of the railway, provided they do so and pur-
chase the land for the purpose within a given
period of time. The present petition was for a
Bill to repeal that restriction, to enable the
Reading, Guildford, and Reigate Company at once to
complete their line in tact. The landowners, however,
object to this, on the ground that their land would be
cut up twice where Parliament had already decided
that it should only be disturbed once.
Mr. Examiner MAY said, it did not appear to him
that the standing orders had been violated in any re-
spect. The question raised did not come within the
province of a standing-orders tribunal.—Standing orders
complied with.
BRISTOL AND EXETER RAILWAY.
This was the petition of the Bristol and Exeter Rail-
way Company, for leave to introduce a Bill to
Tauntonmakbrancehstfirmoaretedcostwas 3
to
52,0Castle00C4rany,d he2t2meilnegiris aneelre,ae a
gmtbr.
The
Charles Hatton Gregory.
were-
pearing to support it, the mist° y proofs
ofnseap
The petition was against themparlanfso,rbniumt
be
sent in, and the standing orders declared to complied
with.
GLASGOW, PAISLEY, KILMARNOCK, AND
AYR RAILWAY (No. 5).
This was the petition of the above company for
Leave to introduce a Bill to make a new entrance and
station in Glasgow. The length was one mile and a
half, and the estimated cost 350,0001.
foundliad
noticesw ere
notto be
beednefseecrtviveed,
withininas-
much The
as formalonone
opf rtohoef s
the time specified by the standing orders.
Mr. GRAIIANE opposed the petition, on behalf of the
Caledonian Railway Company, and succeeded in sus-
taining one or two allegations ll • as to ainaccuracies in the
plans and sections.
GLASGOW, PAISLEY, KILMARNOCK, AND
AYR (No. 4.)
This was a similar petition to the last. It was opposed
by the Caledonian Company, and a few unimportant
allegations were sustained.
The inquiry was adjourned till Monday (this day).

BUSTS FOR ETON COLLEGE.-In addition to the
busts of the celebrated men educated at Eton College
which have already been put up in the school-room and
in other parts of this ancient edifice, there are now in the
studio of Mr. Behnes, in Osnaburgh-street, three busts,
which will be shortly added to the collection. They are
those of Lord Chancellor Camden, presented to the col-
lege by the present Marquis of Camden ; of Admiral
Lord Howe, presented by the present Earl ; and of the
great Lord Chatham. These three posthumous busts
have been modelled from pictures, in the possession of
the decendants of the originals, by Mr. Behnes, sad are
considered accurate likenesses.

It gives us much pleasure to state that a Queen's
letter-vat! shortlybe issued for the relief of the distressed
population of Ireland.—Observer.

31/LITARY
The remains of the late Lieetenanteeolond Nlac-
gregor, of the sth Reyat Scotch. Fasilers. were in-
terred rith military honours, en Tuesday. the 13th
fu-
of
January, at St. Andrew's church, Pl) mouth. I
nerel I)arty, under the command of Lieutenant-Colo:,e1.
Johnsol, sth Fusileers, and consisting of 2 captains,
4 subaltern, 6 sergeants, and 300 rank and file. of the
sth Fusileers, paraded in the citadel a little before two
o'clock. The colours on the ramparts were half-most
high, and in order to consult the feelings of the widow
of. the deceased, the utmost silence prevailed within the
garrison, the gates of which were closed. Previous to
the removal of the body, and at the especial request
of the ft Icily, a portion of the service for the dead was,
in their presence, read by the Rev. J. W. Langmead,
the resident chaplain. Shortly after two o'clock, the
procession slowly moved from the citadel. The funeral
party, carrying their arms reversed, and marching tour
abreast, was followed by the band of the regiment,
which, with muffled drums, commenced the solemn
notes of " The Dead March in Saul," as soon as they
had cleared the foot of the glacis. The miuisters, the
Rev. J. W, Line-mead and the Rev. H. flookey, with the
undertakers and other civilians, in hatbands and mourn •
ing habiliments, preceded the body, which was borne on
a long six-pounder gun carriage, drawn by four plumed
horses, led by grooms. On the carriages were tw am-
munition chests, and en the coffin were the, Colonel's
sword, cap, and The pall bearers were Colonel
Barlow, of the 14 h Rgi m, nt, a colonel of the Royal
Marines, a Colonel of Artillery. a Staff-Offie. r, and four
others of the same rank as the dots aced, whose seddled
charger followed hi,. rtristt-r's 11.4 y, b. arise hls hool, and
spurs. The chief.rn(nrners were Dr. Henderson. sth
Regiment, 1)r. William Wallace, 14th, and Colonel 01.1
field, Royal Engineers. Next came, with side arms
only, about 250 rank and file, belonging to the 14th de-
pot; and about 600 of the sth, being the remainder of
those off duty belonging to that regiment, followed by
the sergoants, sergeants-major, and ether non commis
sioned officers of both regiments. The mournful train
was closed by an imposing cortege of officers of various
ranks, military and naval, all on toot, in full uniform and
in reversed order, beginning with cadets, ensigns, mid
shipmen, and other junior officers, and ending with the
seniors, the last of whom was Major. General Slither
land, formerly Colonel of the sth regiment, who was sup-
ported by two aides-de camp. As the imposing pr,ces-
mon, with measured step, debouched troto this terminable
fortress, ar,d extended its length along the Ci.ad 1 road,
its warlike appearance was finely contrasted by the more
quiet attire of the large concourse of civilians who had
assemblied outside the lines, and partly covered the green
slopes of the fortifications. All business was suspended
as the funeral moved through the town by Saltram place,
I.ockaer street, George-street, and Bedford street, to
St. Andrew's church. Here the firing part), under
Colonel Johnson, halted, and allowed their cernrades to
pass between them, and proceed by the eastern ntrauce
into the venerable fabric, where they were received by
Messrs. Bonn and llingston, the churchwardens, and the
other church functionaries. After the first portion of
the solemn service had been read, the body was removed
on the shoulders of eight men of the sth Regiment, by
the northern entrance into the adjoining burying place,
in the nerth•west portion of which the remains were to
be finally deposited. The sons of the deceased, two
little boyseavere led by Colonel Oldfield from the church
to the side of their father's grave. On the completion
of the funeral service, Colonel Johnson's party
fired over his grave three rounds of three hundred
small arms, the report of which reverberated from
the centre to the extremities of the town. The military
then returned to the citadel. To secure good order
Major-General Murray, Commander of the Forces for
the Western District, had previously communicated with
Mr. Bulteel, the Mayor of Plymouth, under whose di-
rections the police of the borough were in attendance.
The imposing spectacle had attracted to the spot not
only the inhabitants of the three towns of Plymouth,
Devonport, and Stonehouse, but great numbers of well
dressed persons.from the surrounding country. Colonel
Macgregor served in Calabria in 1806, and was present
at the battle of Maids and taking of Catrone. In 1807
he served in Egypt, and was present at the attack on the
forts and heights of Alexandria, siege of Rosetta, and
actions at El Hamet, where he was taken prisoner, and
kept in close confinement for five mouths in Cairo.
Served also in the campaign of 1814-15 in Holland and
the Netherlands, including both the actions at Merxen
and the bombardment of Antwerp.

THE REPUBLIC OF ECUADOR.
The notoriety which has been given to this republic
by the late breaking up of the Flores expedition, and
the disclosures which have since been made at the
Thames Police Court, may render the following account
of the republic of Ecuador, to the Presidency of which
General Flores now aspires to be restored, of some in-
terest to our readers:—
Ecuador is one of the three republics which, before
1831, constituted the republic of Colombia, but since
that time has become a separate government. It com-
prehends the ancient kingdom of Quito with the plains
extending east of it, between the Amazon River on the
south, and the Uaupes, the principal branch of the Rio
Negro on the north. The Rio Negro separates Ecuador
from the republic of Venezuela, and the Uaupes forms,
in the whole length of its course, the boundary between
it and New Grenada. The Pacific forms its western
boundary. On the south, Ecuador is separated from
Peru by a line beginning near Tambez, on the Bay of
Guayaquil, and running in the south-west direction to
the Rio Amazon. Ecuador extends from 5 deg. 50 min.
S. lat. to 1 deg. 12 min. N. lat., and fro:n 69 deg. 40 mm.
to 80 deg. 40 min. W. long. Its surface is vaguely cal-
culated at more than 537,000 square miles, or more than
four times and a half the area of the British islands.
CLIMATE.—The temperature differs considerably in
the elevated valleys, which are surrounded by the high
peaks of the Andes, and in the low countries on both
sides of the range. In the valley of Quito the seasons
are scarcely perceptible. The mean temperature of the
day all the year round is between sixty and sixty-seven de-
grees, and that of the night between forty-eisht and
fifty-two degrees of Fahrenheit. The winds blow con-
tinually, but never with great violence. They generally
come from the north or south, but occasionally shift to
other quarters, without apparently depending in any
degree on the seasons. During the whole morning till
one or two o'clock, the weather is generally delightful,
and the sky serene and clear, but after this hour vapours
begin to rise, and the whole sky is gradually covered
with black clouds, which bring on dreadful tempests of
thunder and lightning, followed by torrents of rain. At
sunset the weather generally clears up, and the nights
are as serene as the mornings. The rains sometimes
continue all night, and occasionally three or four days
in succession. At other times a few fine days without
rain follow one another. The interval between Septem-
ber and May is called the winter, and the remainder of
the year is summer. The winter is only distinguished
by a greater quantity of rain, arid the summer by a
greater number of fine days. The valleys are also sub
ject to frequent earthquakes, of which those of 1698 and
1797 were partcu!arly destructive. In the last earth
quake 40,000 inhabitants are stated to have perished in
the valleys, and it is said that the climate of Quito has
become much colder than it was formerly.
PRODUCTIONS —Agriculture varies with the elevation
of the cultivated line above the level of the sea. Near
the snow line, which in this point of the Andes occurs
at the height of 15,750' feet, the vegetation of the Para
mos (that tract on the summit of the range, from 11,000
to 14,000 feet above the sea) is extremely scanty, con-
sisting only of two or three species of plants. Districts
situated at an elevation of 10,000 feet are covered with
Dean, which afford good sheep waks. Such are the
plains in the mountain knot of Pastos. The culture of
European corsalia and fruits prevails between 10,000 and
4,000 feet, especial!} in the great valley of the Andes.
In those parts of the country which do not exceed in
elevation 4.000 feet above the sea, the vegetables culti-
vated for food are chiefly sweet potatoes, mandioc,sa,
yams, and bananas, with rice, Indian corn, and some
leguminous plants. The most common fruit trees are
pine apples, papayas, and aronas. Amongst the forest
trees is that which gives the Anchor.a. bark. Sheep and
cattle are reared in great numbers, especially in the
val!ey of the Andes, and on the higher declivities of the
mow:tame. Bosses, asst., and mules, are sufficiently
numerous to be articles of, export. In some dis(rets,
especially in the val.eys along the coast, a considerable
quantity of wax is collected, and still higher up iire
some snots where the cochineal insect is re fired. Ecua-
dor is less rich in the pr:cioui metals than the other
countries of South America, which comprehend a pot tion
of the Andes. There are several mines of gold a:d
silver, and a few are still work-d; but the annual pro-
dues is not considerable. Lad and quicksilver occur in
some !daces, and in others sulphur is prepared in conside-
rable qu tntitles. Salt is obtained from sea water along
the coast. . . . _ _

rOIjULATION.—T e population of the Ecuador is coin=
prised o the cli-scondants of Spaniards and the Ahoriginea.
The proportion of both races i 4 not stated, but it would
• appear that the aborigines constitute at least three
-fourths of the population. Those Indians who inhabit
the elevated valleys. belong to- the: race of Peruvian., and
- speak the QuiChna language; they are- mostly agricul-
turists, analcultivate their lands with much care. They
apply themselves also to Manufactures, and make coarse
stuffs of wool and cotton. The In.liaas who inhabit the
eastern plain are much lower in eivil!,ation; they cold:
vai.e only KUMI pieces of ground, and apply themselves
lmost exclusively to fishing a- d hunting. The Jesuits
!Lt. !made • considerably progress in bring=er then: to
tha,ve l'riatti aanity and civilisation. The pulitiedi ev- !its which
xt
ultt since 1812 have driven the m Tilts ou
of- thenountvy il the missions are in ruins, 'and the
Indians have returned to tke forests, and lost al!
n=arks of civilisation. The whole population was
thought to amount in 18270. thto 492,000, with the exception
of the Indian bravos pla in. Ecuador is dividedinto, thrte departments, that Ecuador or Quito, of
Gal:gaga:l
and
of Asuay. atln of
the elevated valleys in
several parts of Ecuador or
Quito,
ancient palaces of the Incas,
anda nrleaT the ruias of the
y districts there
are trac,s of the which, the time of th
great road i
Incas, led from Quito to. the southern extremity of e
th'e
• valley of. Titicana. In the departinent of Assuay the
is a university. The manufactures in cotton and wool
are considerable in Quito. The fabric is coarse, but
strong and durable, and was formerly in great request
in New Grenada and in several seaports. All the n,.
ritime commerce of Ecuador is concentrated in Guaya-
quil, from which: town there is a road to Quito ; the
great read which connects New Grenada and Peru runs
through the valley of Ecuador. Ecuador was discovered
by Francis Pizarro, in 1523, and came into the hands of
the Spaniards at the downfal of the empire of the Incas.
spaiiihrds remained in possession of the country. up
to the year 1812, when the country declared against
At: WS IVI s"' • !'y the convention
, • of Cucuta in 1821, New Gre-
r----• -_ • Venezuela united and formed one republic
•,r,. t name Of -Colombia. In November, 1831
ism v n •
• •4; g resigned the
Nolo a the previous presidency of the republib
year), a new separation took
:tor.
it was decided that the province of Quiti)
i;:; titute a separate republic, under the name of
Irtt- '
, 4
Tnik\, •
s