The Sun.
London, England, 1841-11-01 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, NO'SrIBER 1, 1841.

MORNING SUN

and those connected with the establishment. By gated on Tower Hill, and at one o'clock the Commis-
this time the flames had attained an alarming sioners seat down an additional twenty men of the G,
ascendancy. Engine after engine arrived from the and at two o'clock the same number from the K divi-
various stations belonging to the London fire esta- sions of police, to assist in keeping the thoroughfares on
e blishment, as well as those belonging to the West of the hill clear. While the fire was raging, the reflection
About half-past ten on Saturday night, a fire 1 ,rte re
England 'and the County. Independent of these,
otuhte, of the flames produced a curious appearance on the vast
out in the Tower, which, we regret to state, has boast
six belonging to the Tower were brought mass of persons. From the parapets, turn the eye in
attended with great loss of property. The flames Idi rlsiatevery direction you might, a countless host of human
and placed at various distances from the burning 'le
forth, according to some accounts, from the house c_ f_t
id
and that was all ; although every engine was mannedpi faces met the gaze, which produced a sensation as
Paymareer-Sergeant, next door to the Queen's lie; _
by full complements of the flower of the English army.
curious as it was impressive. To the judicious orders
public-house ; and, as soon as seen by one of the Emit I-
the Foot Guards, as well as efficient relays, there they issued for not admitting the populace within the walls, in
nels, the drums beat, the alarm bell was rung the goo! ;s
stood,for not a drop ofwater
hours
. could be got. Two
a great measure_ may be attributed the non-occurrence of
of the firemen in the river engines were heard in AIR d , i-any accident except those already stated.
elapsed before anything like a plentiful supply
rections, and the whole of the soldiers in garrison eves 'e
could could be obtained, and in the interim, the fire raged with About 7 o'clock last night the fire began again to rise,
speedily on the spot. A large body of the City polio when orders were sent up for fresh detachments of
uncontrolled fury, the flames extending from the centre
were quickly in attendance. By this time the tire ha 1
of the building, both eastward and westward si ltae the Guards to come down from the Wellington and
gained a fearful height, and the first engine that enters I
neously, threatening destruction to the chapel randa the- Charing Cross barracks, and the various engines were
the North-gate was the parish engine of Allhallovin i.
jewel-office, the latter of which has shared the fate of also ordered to remain. To the officers of the different
An expresschad been despatched to the brigade fore e, ‘
the armoury. About eleven o'clock a strong body of regiments of the Guards, and those belonging to the
and Inspector Inspector Braidwood and his men were soon thundee •-•
police, under the direction of Mr. Superintendent Pea lery, the utmost praise is due. Like the men, they were
ing down, and in a few moments they had commenced a
of the H division, arrived, and was followed by detach-rce, actuated with but one feeling,—that of using their indi-
well-directed play of their hose on the flames. The publi, n
ments from the various other
thedivAisi,onnsa
18, l r
m,L accompanieden vidual exertions, as well as -their united ecergies, to
house of the Queen's Head now caught the flames, ar d
by Mr. Superintendent May of step the progress of the flames. The same meed of
the scene inside the gates became terrific. A guard wt s
In addition to these a bod of the Citya Police.• ' praise is due to Mr. Braidwood and the whole of the
placed at the western entrance, and the most rigid e: .- were in
attendance, headed by InspectorY Lloyd ;being, with Brigade, as well as to Messrs. Connorton and Carter, of
elusion prevailed. Egress and ingress was denied :to
the exception of Mr. Superintendent . Pearce, all military the West of England and County. To particularise
every one but the soldiers, the police, and the firemei i.
men, the orders which they issued were of one person above another would be unfair, for
The flames now reached the armoury, and the total di n the very utmost importance, as they co-operated upon no previous occasion, even when the two
strnetion of the north-east end of the building seems ,dHouses of Parliament and the Royal Exchange
with the military. In addition to the regiment of Scots
inevitable. The exertions of the fire brigade and the
Fusilier Guards, three hundred men of the Grenadier, were destroyed, did men exert themselves more
soldiers were beyond all praise. The screams of women out -
and the like la from the Coldstream than they did during the raging of the conflagr -
side the gates, who had relations within, was most heart - downfromnucmhaer.
and Wellington Guards, came
lion. To the various Superintendents and Police the
rending ; and a great number of persons of the first re - the
berinagd-r(oiss barralcks,
and to these company of theArtfi lery same meed of praise is due. All were actuated by one
speetability, who made the most urgent entreaty to b 3
stationed acommon feeling. At the same time every information
admitted, were repulsed. At half--past one a battalict a
force,' aided byp the firemencalaresentin etheaTeoem
of thew Tower ; the whole
oo
delnns
librigade,bl, West
Tft E. g was given by every person connected-with the Tower to
.. of the Foot Guards arrived, to render further aid ; anal ,_
C
police, oun y, an ustom- ouse, esi es t.e ; the reporters. It is rather a singular circumstance that
as they entered the north gate a terrible rush took pia xe Major Etrington, who has been at Weymouth for some
re acted as one man, and every movement wasaie-r--
to obtain admission with them, but the public we.time past, arrived at his residence late on Saturday
formed with military precision, yet, in spite of the great-again repulsed. night, and during the whole of the eventful night ren-
cat exertions the fire every minute extended its ravages,
Accordidg to other accounts, the fire broke out in it , dosed as much assistance as any of the individuals pre-
and it very soon became evident to every person present
workshop occupied by persons engaged in the finishing
that__ thlerJelvel•house would full a prey to the contlegra- sent. The exact loss of property at present cannot be
of armoury', and in a very short time it spread over anthe
estimated
; but to restore the building, arms, &c., it is
Ir. Superintendent Pearce, with several of tne
immense building of 342 feet long and 64 wide. After la it"estimated will exceed a million sterling.
coastables, proceeded to this place, and began to remove
the alarm was given, Mr. Pearse, the Superintendent of
the gegalia, the whole of which, we rejoice to say was
the II division of police, with a strong body of consta-
saved, And carried to tho house of Major Elrington ;
Ines, arrived on the spot, and used every effort in their
and, as fat as our Reporter could learn, not a single arti-
power to remove the property that was likely to fall a
sacrifice to the flames, which by this time had gained a cle or jewel was lost.
Upon the arrival of Mr. Braidwood he directed the
most extraordinary ascendancy, but owing to the scarcity
of water from the ordinary pipes, their efforts were un- engines belonging to the London Fire Establishment to
availing, and in a short time the whole range of building be placed in the following order :—the A's facing the
was one entire mass of flames. At this time the Crown Clock Tower and the centre of the Armoury ; the
jewels, which are estimated at the value of 100,0061., be- B's at the west end and round the Chapel ; and the
C's and D's at the eastern and Jewel-office Terrace and
came. an object of peculiar consideration, and Mr. Pearse
the northern point of the White Tower, while one of the
and others urged the propriety of removing them
upon Mr. Swift, the person appointed to have the Custom-house engines was drawn up before the Gun
care of them ; but their removal was a task much Bettery. The West of England, under the direction of
more difficult than ordinary persons could imagine, the foreman, Connorton, took up its position directly op-
It may be in the recollection of those who have visited Posite to the chapel ;while Carter, the foreman of the
the Tower, and particularly the Jewel-room, that they County, directed his attention to the White Tower.
were separated from the precious and valuable baubles The engines belonging to the place, and the CuStom-
by a very strong iron nailing, behind which the jewels house were placed at such distances as to render their
were placed, and were described by the female who Powers of the utmost utility. Unfortunately but little
usually went; round with the visitors. Mr. Swift, the or no water was to be obtained ; and for nearly five
hours the fire remained unchecked in its progress,
master of the Jewel-room, occupied the outer key to the al-
Jewel-room, but the inner key was in the possession of though there were nearly two thousand men in attend-
her Majesty's Chamberlain, and therefore a most formi- ance to work upwards of twenty engines, which were
dable difficulty presented itself in reaching the diamonds ready to pour hundreds of tons per minute on
through the strong iron railing. Such, however, was the the fire, and before they could be put
urgency of the occasion, that it was decided on to force operation the entire building told one pile of
or break open the bars, and take out the diamonds. flames. At this period the sight was one of the most
'This was much easier conceived than executed, for after magnificent which can possibly be conceived ;it required
hammering away for at least twenty minutes at the grating, but a small stretch of the imagination to liken it to a
it was found that very little effect could be made town on fire ; and, certainly, if the looks of the spectators
could be considered as an index of their feelings, it would
upon that portion of it which consists of wrought
iron, therefore the attention of those present was realize the picture ;it seemed as if every one of them had
directed to a portion which was cast-iron, and in ham- sustained a personal and individual loss, and the heart-
mering at it a. sufficient space was made, in about a bursting exclamations which fell from their lips, told
quarter of an hour, to admit Mr. Pearse, superintendent how strongly they felt the calamity. While the fire was
of the II division of Police, and he instantly laid hold of thus raging, hundreds of the soldiers were employed in
the crown, and handed it out to Mr. Swift. He after- removing the new patent muskets, and it is with plea-
wards handed out the other various valuable antique cu- sure we learn that not a single stand of them was lost,
riosities ; and while doing so he was repeatedly called those which are destroyed being the old lock and flint
to get out of the place as soon as possible, else the build- muskets. As soon as water could be obtained, the steam-
ing would fall about him. He, however, with the ut- engine attached to the garrison was set in motion, which
most coolness, removed every article before he left ; and throughout the rest of the morning kept continually at
Mr. Swift, guarded by the police, succeeded in removing woldr, forcing the water into the various reservoirs, while
his precious burthen to the house of Major Elrington, the Southwark Bridge and Rotherhithe floating engines,
where he deposited them in perfect safety. By this time which came up at the turn of the tide, poured forth immense
the whole range of building called the small armoury bodies of water upon the flames, but with no effect; for
was one mass oe'f flame. Such was the heat emitted from exactly as the Tower clock struck the hour of one, the
the clock, tower, and roof of the building, fell in with a
the burning pile that it was impossible to remove any
tremendous crash; the effect which it produced it is im-
portion of the property from destruction.
ossible to describe; for a few seconds the burn-
At one period of the conflagration it was supposed 13
that the destruction of the Jewel-office, the Ordnance- ing pile was enveloped in a dense cloud of smoke
offices on the east terrace, from which a great number and dust, and upon its clearing away the flames ascended
of the maps and charts had been removed, Is well as to an extraordinary height in a pyramidical form, illu-
that most beautiful and antique portion of the ancient minating towh and country for miles round. So in-
fortress, the White Tower, must have fallen a sacrifice to tense was the hest of' the flames that it was almost
the flames, but by the well-directed efforts of the firemen impossible to stand before them, and thence arose the
they prevented this additional calamity, as they played dread that the window frames of the White Tower. would
with their engines continually on those buildings. There have caught, and that this portion of the Tower of Lon-
was another point to which the attention of the firemen don, which has been immortalized in the pages of Shak-
was directed, and that was the beautiful and truly an- speare, Gay, Pope, and' other writers, and with which
tique specimen of architecture, the church, at the south the annals of English history are so identified, would
end of the building then in flames, which was commenced catch fire, and become, like the Armoury, a heap
in the reign of Edward 1., and finished in that of the of ruins. To Carter, the foreman, and the firemen
late monarch, William IV. By the judicious manage- of the County, may be attributed the safety of
meat and strenuous exertions of the firemen, under ihe this precious relic of our history, as well as the records
superintendence of Captain Walker, of the Fusilier which are deposited within its walls. As long as the
Guards, it was preserved, and at five o'clock the fire was slightest danger was to be apprehended so long, did the
got under, being confined to the building in which it County engine play
.upon the massive walls ; relays sue
broke out, but which at this time was reduced to a heap ceeded relays. So intense was the heat of the stones
of ruins. In addition to Mr. Pearse, the Superintendent that as the water was poured on them it dried up, while
of police of the district, with Inspectors Donnegan and at the northern end the engines of the brigade per-
Norman, and a large body of constables, there w ere Su- formed the same good and efficient service. At this
perintenclents IPLean, of the It division ; Mr. Young-, of period the fire was extending its ravages towards the
the K, with a number of his men ; Mr. May, of the A divi- terrace on the east and the chapel on the west. This
sion ; and a number of the City police, with two of their in- latter building, with which so many historical reeol-
spectors. During the whole of the time,from half-past 11 tin lections are associated, was saved from destruction
til two o'clock, the appearance of Tower-hill, the Minori es, through the united efforts of Connorton, of the West of
and Lower Thames-street, presented the appearance of England, and the Southwark-bridge float. Our reporter,
with some of the, officers belonging to the
a bright day. The smallest print could be easily read so along
high up as the Custom-house. Guards, and Mr. Braidwood, entered the chapel, and
London, Southwark, and Blackfriars' bridges were singular to relate the interior was as cold as if the
crowded with spectators, and from these spots the sight fire had been miles distant. Indeed the principal
was the most magnificent that can be well imagined. cause of apprehension for the safety of the sacred
The flames were distinctly visible, and, the night being edifice arose from the explosions which took place in the
hazy, the whole horizon appeared a complete blaze ; immediate vicinity, and whence arose the rumour that
thousands of rounds of ball cartridge were in the vaults
every now and again a. body of fire shot upwards, as
though it were projected from the crater of a volcano, beneath the Armoury. While by far the greater body
and again subsiding, it would sink into an apparently of the military and firemen had their attention directed
sudden calm, but only to vomit forth its burning embers to the part on fire, the company of Artillery were most
with increased fury. actively employed in removing the large quantity of
Daring the progress of the fire, cabs and vehicles of ammunition which was lodged in the White Tower. This
every description were employed to convey documents to dangerous material was removed to the Lower Magazine,
various places of safety, and these were guarded by de- which was quickly filled, and the remainder was thrown
tachments of soldiery and police. The scene altogether into the river ; and, as a precautionary measure, every
was one of the most stirring and intense interest, and blanket which could be found was immersed in water,
the circumstance of the oldest building in London con- and when completely saturated, was placed upon the
nected with our historical recollections being about to cartridges and barrels of powder six and seven deep.
fall a prey to the destructive element, gave a pang of While these precautionary measures were being
severe regret to the bosom of the most indifferent spec- adopted, the fire was making rapid progress at the
tator that surrounded the Tower. 'lndeed, the feeling east end, and shortly after one o'clock, the fire caught
was unlike that we ever saw or felt on a similar occasion. the upper window of Mrs. Lloyd's residence, the corner
It appeared as if every spectator had said to himself—" I of the Terrace, and a large body of water was directed on it
have sustained a personal loss in the destruction of this when it was extinguished; in the course of afew minutes
national building." the flames again caught, and were again extinguished.
(ANOTHER ACCOUNT, with particulars received up to a A third time the fire caught, and began to assume a very
late hour last night.) alarming appearance, and great fears began to bo enter-
It is with feelings of the deepest regret we have to re- tamed that the house of Mr. Lloyd would fall a semi-
cord the total destruction of the small armoury in the five to the flames, which, had it happened, no human ex-
Tower of London, a loss which we regret to state is a ertions could have saved the Map-office and the line of
national one, and which will be severely felt from one houses on the Terrace or the Irish Barracks. The cause
end of the country to the other. When the report was of this part repeatedly catching fire arose from the wind
first circulated throughout the metropolis at an early blowing from the north-east ; but, as if Providence in-
hour yesterday morning, it was generally disbelieved; terfered, on a sudden the wind dropped, and in two mi-
when the reality broke upon the inhabitants but one nutes after it blew from the south, thereby carrying the
feeling predominated, that of sorrow for the loss and current into the body of the fire. But for this sudden
total destruction of one of the national monuments of the change the whole Tower must have been utterly consumed.
country, a loss which is irreparable, for the arms which Between four and five o'clock the fire began to slacken,
were used in the wars of Queen Anne, under Marlbo- and it then became evident that all further danger was
rough, in Flanders, Fontenoy, and Blenheim, and which at an end. Unfortunately we have to record the loss of
raised the military glory of England to such a pitch, are one life, and a serious accident in another instance, both
totally lost, and upwards of 100,000 stand of arms are of which occurred to firemen. About one in the morning
buried in the ruins, while all that remains are the naked as Wright, one of the firemen of the County, was in front
outer walls of the building in which those records of the of the Armoury, the upper portion of the wall imme-
nation's greatness were deposited. Shortly after the out- diately above the Royal Arms gave way, when some of
break of the tire up to the period when it was got the brick-work struck Wright on the side and knocked
under, our Reporter was present, and from being him down, upon-being taken up it was discovered that
an eye-witness, as well as from the inquiries Which
two- of his ribs were fractured and otherwise seriously
were made upon the spot, from the officers of the injured. The poor fellow begged to be conveyed to his
Guards and Artillery, 'and wardens, the following own residence, which was accordingly done,_ but last
par-
ticularn ofo the melancholy catastrophe may be de- night, in coneequence of the orders of Mr. Beaumont,
pended n- That part of the Tower which had he was removed to the hospital, and is, we are happy to
fallen apreyto the Conflagration, is situated opposite the state, in a fair way of recovery. The other is
'White Tower, and was joined on the weatcrn end to the a more lamentable instance of the uncertainty of
Chapel; while, at the eastern end, was situated the Jewel- human life. From the immense body of fire
office; the back abutted on what is termed the •
Old Mill which raged at the eastern wing of the Armoury
length of
Barracks, the the building being about 300 the stone work became completely disjointed,
feet, and 60 or 80. feetin depth, and which, from the and during the whole of the morning at various
band of the Regiment o
i f Guards stationed in the Tower intervals large masses kept falling; the dangerous state
performing on a Sunday afternoon, was a place of consi- of the wall was noticed by Guards Mackay, Wing, Cum-
derable resort to the inhabitants of London and its envi- mings, and Howell, who were on duty at the end of the
rons. Since the reduction in the price of admission, the Terrace, and which was pointed out to the soldiers and
- portion destroyed became more particularly known to the others, and particularly to Wivell, the deceased, but so
country at large ; but, singular to state, a very few per- anxious was he to fulfill the instructions which had been
sons visited the Armoury on Saturday; and after the given him, that he continued beneath the wall, playing
place was closed, the IVarden, whose duty it was to exa on the burning ruins. About half-past eleven, and with-
mine the place, went over at four o clock,when every out the slightest intimation, a large mass of the stone
thing was perfectly safe, and not the - work fell, and an immense stone alighted upon the helmet
tom of fire was either apparent to the sight or of the unfortunate man, and forced it in. Ho was int-
smell. Within the last few weeks, two new pa- mediately dragged out and carried to the guard-room,
of the where
tent stoves have been placed in the centre he was attended by the garrison-surgeon who
building, while, in that part of the Tower known used every exertion to restore life, but without effect ;
as the Old Mill Barracks, a carpenter's shop was erected, the immediate cause of death appeared to be from con-
and which communicated with the Armoury, and where dussi 'on of the brain. The deceased was about twenty-
the fire is supposed to have originated. About half f past four years of age, and was a remarkably fine young man,
ten o'clock, the sentry, belonging to the Scotch I +usher belonging to the Chandos-street. station, and had been
about three years '
Guards, which are at present quartered in the Tower, in the brigade. Singular to state, the
and woo was upon duty on the ramparts next to Tower- mother
other of t h
e deceased called in the morning at Chandos-
hill, was alarmed by observing a large body of smoke to street t , o ascertain if any of the men were killed, as she
i
ascend, as if from the centre of the Armoury, and he had an
impression on her mind that something had hap-
immediately gave the alarm by discharging his musket. I a iene to
her son. She was informed that nothing
In the course of a few seconds the whole of the garri- serious
ad happened, when the poor woman went
son and officers met, and immediately afterwards the away overjoyed that her fears were unfounded. Al-
Armoury was discovered to be on fire. Unfortunately though so dreadful an event took place, it had no effect
not a drop of water was at hand, from it being low tide. is keeping the soldiers and others away, who, in a few
and the ditch empty. Although every exertion was minutes afterwards, placed themselves in positions equally
made to procure water, none could be obtained. Had dangerous. At seven o'clock yesterday morning Mr.
even the small quantity of about forty pailsful been pro- i Superintendent May, of the A division, made a report
cured, the flames would have been subdued, and the I of the fire and loss to Colonel Rowan and Mr. Mayne,
great loss which the country has to lament, would the Commissioners of Police, who directly transmitted an
have been avoided. From the dryness of the building, account to Sir James Graham, the Secretary of State,
coupled with its massive timbers, the total destruction and also to his Grace the Duke of Wellington, as Go.
of the Armoury became inevitable. The drums beat the vernor of the Tower; and about half-past eleven o'clock
alarm, and messengers were despatched to the one of his Grace's grooms came down with a letter to
various fire stations for the engines, several of which Major Elrington, desiring to be informed of the particu-
were at a fire in the Strand, which broke out about ten lars and origin of the fire. In a subsequent part of the
o'clock ; in a few minutes the parish engine of Anibal- day Lord Hill and several General Officers, besides a
d'lows, Barking-lane, arrived, followed by the engines from nnmber of the Nobility, came and visited the scene.
0r- Wellclose-square, under the direction of
Mackay. Upon Amongst the implements destroyed was the Sword of his
-----. arrival at the entrance next Thames-street, the Royal Highness the Duke York,of.
irifdd :-
tfihreeinarenfound the gates closed, which
Valenciennes,
wore, weandwtz were
~,-: iii refusing to
open
them, upon
and
the sentry upon duty given to understand, at the siege of
which Mackaydeclared that exquisite ornamental guns, which were unique. 'The
n..,(ss - ' he woad cause the 'gates to be burst open,
whenthe
buding destroyed was built in the reigns of William
sentry replied:Pat the first. man wha dared to make the and Mary, and upon its completion the Royal Pair dined
- attempt he wohld run hint thrqugh with his bayonet ; within its walls, attended upon by the workmen 6,11-
'l\
.....it..
nod./ his orders wire not to open the gates,- and until those gaged at the building, and consequently it was the most
Ns' instructions were rescinded, he dared not open them. modern portion of the Tower, except the barracks.
At length, after the engines, three in number, had been From the time of the outbreak of the fire, throughout
detained seven minutes, an order came to admit them the whole of yesterday, thousands of persons congre-

GREAT FIRE IN TI?EIL
TOWER OF LONEOO-1

On Saturday night, at ten o'clock, a fire broke out in
No. Golden-buildings, a small court next to the New
Strand Theatre, adjoining Mr. Dickson's, the baker's, r t
the house of a Mr. Cabers. The flames buiPst forth from
the attic, and for a short time threatened the most fearful
consequences to the densely-drowded neighbourhood, th
court being so small that an engine could not be brougl t
to work, except from the house of Mr. Dickson. Th 3
Phoenix engine of St. Mary-le-Strand, was first on th
spot, and was immediately followed by the engine of St.
Clement Danes, they were quickly followed by the bri-
gade from Chandos-street, and, after half-an-hour's
active exertion, the flames were got under. The excite-
ment in the immediate neighbourhood was very grew,
and the Strand was fur a short time impassable. The F
division of police kept the most excellent order.
FIRE NEAR THE MONUMENT.—About two o'cloc
on Saturday afternoon a fire of a very serious dt -
scription was discovered raging on the promises of Mr.
Abel, Bed and Furniture Warehouse, No. 43, Fish-
street-hill. Immediately the police received information
of the occurrence they hastened to the spot, whil. t
others proceeded to give the alarm to the different en-
gine stations in the City ; but long before any arrived,
four small parish engines were on the spot, and had
they been in working condition, the destructive element
might have been easily subdued, but only one was able
to play. When the firemen belonging to the Watling-
street brigade arrived, the flames had reached an alarm-
ing height, the whole of the store-rooms and workshops
at the top of the building beirg in a general blaze.
However, by the skill and ability of the firemen, the
fire was prevented from descending, and by three o'clock
it was entirely subdued. The amount of property con-
sumed and damaged is very considerable, and the upper
part of the house is nearly gutted. The property is in-
sured to the full amount of the loss.

in to

--
IMPORTANT NEW WORK ON AMERICA.
Now ready,: in 2 vol 3. small Bvo., with Portraits of Sir John
Henry and General Scott.
A RUN through the UNITED STATES,
DURING the AUTUMN of 1840.
By Lieut.-Colonel A. M. MAXWELL, K.H.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Marlborough-street.

SEQUEL TO " GILBERT GURNEY.'
Now ready, in in 1 vol., with 2 Illustrations, price only 6s. bd.
MR. HOOK'S GURNEY MARRIED,
A SEQUEL to " GILBERT GURNEY."
Forming the New Volume of
COLBURN'S MODERN STANDARD NOVELISTS.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

weakly to death, and they are as effectually put
to death by withholding food from them as by I S wilpy or NEWS
throttling or drowning them, only the process is
much more lingering and painful. If the land-
lords continue to uphold such laws-, their authc-
rity will be as surely rejected as if they were to
command us to drown infants, and stone the aged
to death.

Somewhere about two years ago Mr. MACAU-
LAY found it necessary to vindicate the rightof pro-
perty at great length in hisaddresses atEdinburgh.
I t had been seriously assalledbylarge bodies of the
people. His eloquence did not settle the ques-
tion which is now continually mooted, and nu-
merous bodies of the people have of late em-
phatically asked what right have the landlords
to possess the land. In France and America
the duty of political obedience hangs practically
very loose on the people. So it does in some
parts of this empire. He must be a most ig-
norant or foolish man who supposes that these
subjects, which touch the very foundations of
political society, can now escape discussion. In
fact such discussion now continually takes place ;
and it is apparently the will of the Post's masters
that the people should come to •it maddened by
hunger. Carried on under a calm temper,
when the people were prosperous, at their ease,
and well fed, the result would be the improve-
ment of political society, and the establish-
ment of legislation on a sound basis; carried on
as at present, with the multitude rendered savage
by hunger and insults, while their rulers are in-
flated by vanity and ambition, it can only end
n exasperation and destruction. We say then
;o the Post's masters—be warned !

AND
pubttc Optuton.

ARMY A

THE NOVEMBE
THE UNITED SE
and NAVAL AND MI
Contains, among other
Operations in China, with the
whole of the Despatches
Anson's Expedition
Syria, during the Campaign
against Mehemet Ali
A Three Weeks' Ramble and
Cruize in 1841, by John Bar-
row, Esq.
Historical Details relative to
the Military Force of Great
Br itain.
England's Wooden Walls—The
Vanguard
Notes from the lonian Islands
Henry Colburn, Publisher, I

" Who runs may read."

POREXON.

- _
Galignani's Messenger of Thursday asserts that there
is no truth in the statement of the Gazette de France
about the French Government having notified to the
British Charge d'Affaires that it intended to occupy -
Spain, with a view to put down the Republican movements
in Valencia and Barcelona. This we believe to be cor-
rect. Still we may ask, what does France mean by con- ,
centrating a force of from 40,000 to 50,000 men along
the Spanish frontier ?
The Memorial Bordelais has the following :—" The
Spanish Cortes are to be convened for the 19th of No-
vember, the fete day of Isabella 11., in order that the
political centralization of the popular juntas, established
at. Barcelona and elsewhere, may be checked. A general
amnesty will be granted to all the Carlists, without ex-
ception, on the Queen's fete day. An army of observa-.
tion of 50,000 men is to be assembled between Alcala,
Burgos, and Vittoria, to keep down the northern prb-
vinces, and effect at an early period some modifications
of the fueros, which may be in harmony with the Con-
stitution and the monarchy.
The Prince Royal of Naples is now five years old. Ac-
cording to the etiquette of the Neapolitan Court his
Royal Highness has received the grade of sergeant in the
army, and each year will receive a fresh step, so that by
the age of 15 he will attain the rank of Marshal. Heaven
help the armies that are commanded by such officers.
By a Royal ordonnance, dated the 19th instant, the
peace establishment of medical men for the French
army is • fixed.. as follows : Physicians of different
ranks, 127 ; surgeons, ditto, 1,137 ; Pharteacians, ditto,
113. Total, 1,377.
The last returns made by order of the Municipal
Council show that there are 53,481 vehicles employed in
Paris, viv., 948 hackney and other four-wheel public
coaches ; 1,533 public cabriolets ; 10,000 four-wheel
private carriages ; 11,000 private cabriolets ; and 30,000
carts, tumbrils, trucks, and drays. There are also 34,92"
draught horses, but no more than 1,316 saddle horses.

At Boston, in Lincolnshire, on Monday last,
Mr. CHRISTOPHER; the Member for the Lindsey

coiinvaßczaz arkort.m.

division of Lincolnshire, made a long speech, in

which he followed the Duke of RICHMOND

A public meeting ,of the inhabitants of Paddington
for the repeal of the'Corn-laws, will take place to-night
at eight o'clock, at the Paddington Reform Committee.
room,, Load of Hay, Praed-street.
AGRICULTURAL.

informing Sir ROBERT PEEL that the landlords
placed him in power, and the landlords would
turn him out if he did not aid them in their ex-

ortions; eulogized the present Corn-laws, and

denounced the Anti-Corn-law League and the

mport Duties Committee. Nevertheless, Mr.

CHRISTOPHER is not quite satisfied with the

Corn-law, and thinks, like most of his party, that

it needs some alteration. However much the
Pro-Corn-law men may rave in general terms,

when they come to speak of particulars they all
find fault with some part of the present law.
Mr. CHRISTOPHER, for example, thus speaks of
the mode of taking the averages under the best

The Royal Agricultural ociety of England, to meet
at Bristol in July, 1842, will give their gold medal fur
the best account or record of the prognostics or natural
causes of changes in the weather. Rules Nvill be drawn
up, and twelve months' trial on thcin given.
NAVAL AND 11,ZIXALTAIM

of all possible laws :
Nothing can be more fallacious than the present
system of taking the averages. The benefit is reaped by
a few brokers and speculators, both in England and on
the Continent, who combine to keep up nominal prices
in order that they may inundate the market with a
quantity of foreign grain ; whereas, inasmuch as these
prices are purely fictitious, the British grower derives no
benefit from them, and tho landed interest incur the
blame of selling their produce at. extravagant prices to
the poor people. Is it nut perfectly notorious that these
frauds have been lately practised to a large extent ?
So completely is the corn trade in the hands of
Jew speculators, both here and on the Continent,
that under the present mode of taking the averages,
fictitious prices may be returned, to the injury of
the grower in this country, and to every person who
pursues an honest trade in that article.
Of course Mr. CHRISTOPHER has his- plan for
remedying these fictitious sales and fictitious
prices, which it will be time enough for us to
discuss when it is propounded to Parliament.
According to our view, the disease has got too
much a-head to yield to such palliatives. It is,
however, satisfactory to find Corn-law gentle-
men denouncing "fictitious prices," and proving
that they are the consequence -of their own fa-
vourite law. But while Mr. CHRISTOPHER is
thus loud in his condemnation of these averages,
he is equally loud in praising them. The
" purely fictitious prices" of the Jew speculators,
both here and on the Continent, produced the
following results :

I will endeavour to ensure to the people a supply of
of food from the Continent, in the event of a deficient

The Map-office is being moved from the Tower to
the building lately occupied by the Soldiers' Female
Orphan School, near Southampton. The new locality
oGrs many advantages in room and light, which are re-
quired for the increased scales now used in the Ordnance
survey.

harvest. This is the principle of the Corn-law, and to a
great extent it has answered the intentions of thosc who
framed it. Within the last few weeks, two millior.s and
a half of wheat have been set free at a duty of ls. a quar-
ter, when the average price reached 73s ; whereas, on
the principle of a fixed-duty of Bs. a quarter, the con-
sumer must have paid 7s. a quarter more for that wheat
which was set free at a duty of is.
He would, however, alter that part of the law
which has brought about such benefit to the
consumers. We see what the cunning man
would be at. He would alter the sliding scale
so as to take it out of the power of the " Jew
speculators" to import so much corn at such a
low rate of duty. He would levy a duty of
never less than ss. a quarter on wheat, what-
ever may be its price, and 20s. should it fall to
50s. While the consistent and honest gentle-
man praises the present system, because it al-
lowed 2,500,000 quarters of wheat to be set free
at ls. duty per quarter, he wishes to take effec-
tual means, if he can, to prevent such an occur-
rence in future. He is all love for the sliding
scale at one moment as compared to a fixed
duty, and at the next he actually proposes a
minimum fixed duty, to put an end to the very
advantage for which he lauds the sliding scale.
Whether such talk be the offspring of conceited,
forgetful, illogical ignorance, or sheer iinpu-
dence,'we cannot tell; but the speech of Mr.
CHRISTOPHER resembles the Speeches of most
of his class, and they all proceed from one or
other of these despised qualities.

We have given in another part of the Paper
full details of the great fire which took place in
the Tower of London on Saturday night; and,
while willing to pay every tribute of praise to
the energy of the officers and soldiers of the
garrison, we cannot sufficiently reprobate the
negligence of the authorities who have charge of
this ancient national establishment. According
to various accounts which we have received,
no water could be bad for at least one
hour. No preparation, in fact, , appears to
have been made for such an occurrence ; the
very fire-brigades who came to render assist-
ance, were shut out; and though the Thames was
' flowing past its walls, and a thousand active men
were ready and ,willing to save the place from
destruction, this venerable building was as desti-
tute of protection as the most lonely cot in a
rural district. We civilians should have sup-
posed that when so many national relics were con-
tained within its walls, and they were entrusted
to the guardianship of the Army, under the Duke
of WELLINGTON as High Constable, some means
would have been adopted for obtaining a supply
of water at any period of the tide. This could
easily have been done. - A communication with
the river, at a trifling expense, could easily have
been made, by which an ample supply of water
could be had at .any hour, and thereby have
saved not only a million of money, but also glo-
rious monuments of a nation's fame, which no
money can restore. What is the use of a Consta-
ble of the. Tower and a Deputy Constable, and
fifty other nominal guardians of the place, unless
they perform the duty for which they are amply
paid? Many thousands a year are paid to
' them by the public for guarding the place; they
'make their offices sinecures, and the people are
the sufferers.

The Paris Journals of Thursday have all
reached us. What interesting news they bring,
will be found in our Foreign Summary.

BOURSE—Penis, THURSDAY, OCT. 28.

- - -
/trot Highest Lowest Last
Price Price. Price, Price
Ft t nth 5 per Cenci.— ...... . 115 55 ... 115 55 ... liS 50 ... 115 50
4% per Cults ..... lO5 50 ... 105 50 ... 105 50 ... 105 50
3 per Lent, 79 70 79 75 ... 79 tis ... 79 '75
Loan
Bank oi elm:mt.
Ile gian,Banr OM '762 50 ... 7ss2 50 ... 762 50 ... 7C2 50
Now 10:0 L.. 1510 ...if 10 ...IOU)
Belgian 5 per Cents.
I.er ccut:., 1840 102% ... 102% ... 1C2% ... 152%
Span tsb Active 2.2 .. :2 ... 22% ... 22%
Pass', 5 ... 5% ••• 5 ... 5%
Deferred ini ... 9li .• • 934 ... ioji
Neapolitan lO5 'A ... 155 7.0 .., $95 02 ... 'O5 20
Roman
_..,.11:4 ... 11:3 ... 104

RAILWAY SHAIiEs
Versallles,lL.B ......,.. 201 25 .. 202 be ... 201 25 202 50
It. 13
Orleans .
Strasburg tollalf .shares red 2,5 . 235 ... 235 ... 235