The Sun.
London, England, 1840-07-01 00:00:00

V EKING EDITION.

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LONDON :
WEDNESDAY, JULY 1, 1840.

In the Lords there wai last night another brief dis-
cussien on petitions for Non-Intrusion, when the Non-
Intrusionists were not very handsomely spoken of, and
it was insinu.ded that the people of Scotland were not
with them.

Lord MELBOURNE moved the second reading of the
Cdrida Government Bill, and explained the reason for
proposing it, and its provisicns, as they have already
been explained in the other House.

The Duke of ',VELLino.rom felt great anxiety of this
measure, and thought the Government had not taken
sufficient time to consider it. He differed from those
who entertained a desire to get rid of our American
Co!onics, and he warned the Peers againit the Bill
unless they were quite sure it would not lead to that.
Lord GOSFORD also spoke of the Bill as a dangerous
experiment.

Lord ELLENISOROUGII a7reed with the Duke of
WELLINGTON, but saw no pi rejecting the
Bill. lie looked, like most ci tlnir Lord hips, to its
reFults with apprehension.
'Fhc Marquis of LANSDOWNE thought the observa-
tions of the Noble Lord were against all union what-
ever. ll* did not believe that the Bill would lead to
separation, and he approved of its principle of appor-
tioning representation to population. He thought the
measure was one calculated to dev,:lope the prosperity
of tite Canadas.

The Earl of RIPON followed i i his remarks, ani in
his course of proceedings, not to oppose the second
reading of the Bill, the Duke of WELLINGTON.
Lord Astiflur.eroN made a somewhat sunsible speech,
condemning the practice of governing the colonies from
Donfling-street. He recommended that we should
shake hands with the Canadas, and part good friends.
Verily the wise days of ALEXANDER BARING are re•
turning, and if he would only be as rational on the
Corn-laws, we should desire no better leader.

Lord BROUGHAM tried the measure by tl e principle
of justice, and expressed a doubt whether they had a
right to pass such a law without the consent of the Cana-
diaos, which had not been, and could not be obtained,
in either province. The Noble Lord entered into a
vzirietv of considerations to prove this assertion, and to
show that the Canadians, could they be asked, would be
opposed to the measure. With respect to the future, his
Lordship expressed an opinion that the Bill would Lend
a great majority of persons to the Colonial Assembly op-
posed to the union with the mother country, which
would make it extremely difficult to continue the
ti&on. Such sentiments and statements will ex-
cite a sensation in Canada, and, indicating a separation
at no distant day, will probably make the English at
once ask themselves why they arc to be wrongfully
taxed by indiscriminating timber duties, to promote a
factitious prosperity in a country that is so speedily to
be sernrated from England—we should rather indeed
say to enrich a few shipowners and other jobbers here,
wbo assume to speak for the interest of the Canadians.
Toe Noble Lord adverted to some other probable con-
sequences of the Bill, but seemed to find no consolation
from the prospect, anticipating from the measure the
teveranee of the union amidst a turmoil of bad and
hateful feelings. He did not, however, oppose the
motion.

Lord MELBOURNE replied at some length to the
Duke of WELLINGTON. The Bill was then read a
second time, and their Lordships adjourned till
Tnursday.

In the Commons several petitions Were presented
against Church Extension and Church-rates, and com-
plaining of the treatment of political prisoners, and
asking for better treatment. Oae petition prayed for
the dismissal of Ministers.

A considerable discussion took place on the Green_
-wi;:h and Gravesend Railway Bill, which was, however,
ultimately read a second time.

Notices wure given of motions to throw open the
National Gallery on Sundays, and to inquire into the
cordition of factory children.

_ ....
Sir It bious then brought forward his motion for
Church Extension. We have said som,2thing on his
speech elsewhere ; we shall here only remark that the
lion. Baronet proposed no sum to be given to the
Church ; he merely wanted to enter the small end of
the wedge, trusting to the zeal of the Churchmen to
drivt, it home.

Lord SANDON seconded the motion, and, no person
rising to speak for some time, there was a probability
of a di‘i,ion.
Mr. GALLY KNIGHT then supp)rted the motion by
n short speech. Again there was a probability of a
division ; and Mr. VILLIERS STUART supplicated a
further discussion.

Lord DUNGANNON asked for the opinions of her
Main3ty's

Mr. WARD adverted to the absence of the Tories,
and stated that the motion, by keeping out of view the
wealth of the Church, had not been fairly brought for-
wait'. After a short and spirited speech against the
motion, Mr. WARD declared that he had made up his
mind conscientiously to oppose it.
Mr. R. M. MILNES supported the motion, because
it was consistent with common sense and reason. He
thought the most effectual means of grappling with mo-
ral evil was a resident minister, though he might be
as we have seen, some wretch who would disgrace a
brothel. This young man thinks by a vote to save the
nation from infidelity and fanaticism, as It a few pounds
taken from the pocLets of the people, and in many cases
(I,?t,inst their will, could have any other than the most
immoral efict.
Mr. I3AINES showed that the want of Church aecom-
medation, inc!ulirg the accommodation of Dissenting
Chapels, was not so great as was represented. He
brought a great number of facts to bear against the
ar)tien.

Mr. OVONN ELL described the motion as skulking and
audaciou3. It was demanding an indefinite sun of
money Co: a sectarian purpose. The churches already
built were allowed to go to ruin. The Hon. and
Learned Gentleman opposed the motion most vigor-
ous:y.
A!ter a few words in favour of it from Lord TEIG S-
MOUTH, and a• few words from Mr. OSWALD, Lord
JOHN RUSSELL spoke against it. To throw additional
burdens on the people now would, he said, produce
great irritation. Ho denied that the interests of the
Übureh were in (inger, or were not caree, for.
Mr. VILLIERi STUART wish:d to address tha House,

but in vain, and on a division the motion was lost by
168 to 149. The result is better, and the bigots
received a severer defeat, than we anticipated. We
hope the Standard will show up its absent friends.
Leave was given to bring in a Bill to make provision
for the Government of New South Wales

Some business of course was transacted, and then the
House adjourned.

Sir ROBERT INGLrs brought forward last night
his motion to impose additional burdens on the
people in order to build more Churches and endow
more Churches. The Hon. Baronet entered into
a great variety of statistical and other details in a
speech, which required very nearly three hours to
deliver it. After lie had finished he was compli-
mented by Mr. GALLY KNIGHT, on having com-
pleted his task in an inoffensive manner. Sir
ROBERT had said nothing insulting to Dissenters,
and not much insulting to Catholics ; of that we
acquit him, but a speech more like a sermon, and
more fit for a conventicle than a Senate—a speech
so long and less attractive and less animated, it has
seldom been our lot to hear. His own friends
seem to have thought so, for they were never more
ti-,an thirty strong during the whole of the
oration, and they gave him through the tedious
harangue only one solitary cheer, and allowed him
to drop into his seat at the close as if he had made
a motion for some returns of the boys educated at
the national schools. The Tory party evinced by
their absence their dislike of a motion which, ac-
cording to Sir ROBERT, is to work the regeneration
of the nation. They will hardly convince the peo-
ple by their absence that the motion is of import-
ance, and it will surprise nobody that the only per-
sons who petition for Church Extension should he
the parsons; who are to profit by it, and their imme-
diate friends.
In fact the motion excited so little interest, that
on Sir ROBERT concluding his speech the gallery
was cleared for a division, but Mr. GALLI'
KNIGHT rose and protracted the debate. We air-
prebend that the fewness of the petitions against
the motion, of which the Tories boast, is partly to
be accounted for by the general conviction that the
outrageous motion never would be submitted to the
House of Commons. Such a conviction is now
falsified, and we must be more on our guard as to
what the bigots will undertake, and the House of
Commons will sanction.
In considering Sir ROBERT'S speech we arc, by
his observations, enabled to put out of view the
religions aspect of his motion. Though he ser-
monized about the glory of GOD, and the duty of
Christian men,—as if the worms of this earth, not
the ten millionth part of the great creation, could
do ought to add to the glory of the Creator of the
starry heavens—and, as if the duty of Christians
were not the duty of all men, yet in addressing the
House of Commons it was impossible to recommend
any measure except in reference to the public good,
and accordingly the Hon. Baronet pointed out the
utility of the 'Church in promoting proper behaviour
and political obedience amongst the people, and in
lessening the expense for police, gaols, magis-
trates, &c. &c., as the main reasons why the
House of Commons should vote more money for
the clergy and for building churches. That re-
lieves all public writers from the necessity of inves-
tigating the truth or falsehood of any part of the
doctrines taught by the Church of England, and
mutt-es them only to prove that the extension of
the Church would not be of public utility. To that
one object, and completely excluding al! others, we
shall confine our remarks.

Before we leave the personalities of the question,
however, we must remark that Sir ROBERT
INGLIS took great pains to explain the observation
he made during the debate on Mavnooth, to the
effect that " he would never give sixpence for teach-
ing that as the word of GoD, which he was con-
vinced was not the word of GoD." The substance
of his explanation, shortly stated, was this :—lt is
all men's duty to obey the laws ; the minority
must obey the majority, or there can be no
law or government ; the money voted
for the Church, or to be voted for the
1 Church, is ordained by the supreme authority ; the
Dissenters are not taxed as Dissenters, but as sub-
jects, for the general good ; and while he, as an in-
dividual was justified in saving that he would not
give a sixpence, to teach error, they are not justi-
fied in refusing, like THonocooD, to pay a tax,
though it may be applied to purposes which they
dislike or disapprove of, or conscientiously think
the support of religious error. That was the sum
of his defence ; but we also heard him say, that
what was the duty of men as individuals was their
duty as legislators ; and as they were bound as in-
dividuals to promote the spiritual instruction of
the people, so they were bound to effect the same
object in their legislative capacity. Well, then, it
is the duty of individuals not to give sixpence for
the propagation of error; that Is, according to
Sir ROBERT INGLIS, the command of CHRIST
or of GOD ; but it is the command of the
majority of the Parliament that he shall give six-
pence, or more than sixpence, for that purpose,
and he gives it like a good subject, setting the
Dissenters an example, and calling on them to fol-
low it, of denying CHrusT, and obeying, in pre-
ference, the " tyrant majority" of the 'House of
Commons. Yet Sir ROBERT INGLIS wishes the
would to believe, and he sermonized last night
about " eternal life," that he looks to CHRIST for
salvation, and that the doctrines of CHRIST, which
he thus sets at nought to follow the order of a ma-
jority
`composed of Mr. DANIEL O'CONNELL'S
friends, are the sources of all genuine morality.
Verily, Sir ROBERT will never be a martyr—most
men will doubt if he be even a Christian. At
least he is, according to his own statement, a
much more subservient subject than a zealous
Christian.

The question to be decided lies, we think, in a
nutshell. The public must not, however, rely on
the assertions of the clergy, or the friends of the
clergy—they must look to facts. We know it is a
theory that the priesthood are the authors of all
that is virtuous in man, and honourable in the
nation. Where the Church grows, said Sir
ROBERT, gaols are less necessary. Where a new
church is established schools spring up, order fol-
lows, property is improved, and all is harmony and
peace. Is that so ? Are these facts ? No doubt
an isolated case here and there may be found,
particularly in these latter times, when the clergy,dreading the loss of power and pelf, and stimulated
by the exertions of the Dissenters, have attended
a little to the instruction and improvement of the
people ; but is that the character of an established
clergy generally, or is this only an exception to an
almost universal rule ? We think the present dili-
gence the exception, while the accusation they now
urge against their population, their notorious neglect
through many years, their scandalous and continued
misappropriation of funds destined to the religious
and secular education, or even the nourishment of
the poor, all prove that the general character of our
established priesthood--as of all established priest-
hoods, from the days of the PHAROAIIS to the
days of GEORGE THE For RTH—is inimical to the
morality and happiness of the people.
To confine ourselves strictly to the Church of
England, and to our own time. There arc no
places, according to Sir R. INGLIS, more destitute
of Churches than this great Metropolis and its
suburbs, and the towns of the manufacturing
districts. Now, whatever may he the vices of
individuals, there cannot be a doubt, notwith-
standing this great want of Church, there has
been within half a century—that is, precisely
within the period when the towns have most out-
grown and gone away from the parsons—a great
.mproYement in all the decencies and all the chari-
ties of life. There has been nothing like a formi-
dable riot in Churchless London for more than
twenty years, though in the palmy days of Church
ascendancy, and of the sovereignty of a most reli-
gious Monarch, the Bank, and every establishment
of the City, was threatened by a mob, raised iu the
name of the Church of England. In the manu-
facturing towns at this moment, where the Church
is greatly deficient, the people, though stigmatised
by the bigots as heathenish and irreligious, have
borne with most exemplary patience—in our
opinion, indeed, not exemplary, because it has
gone beyond the bounds of reason—the most
cruel :privations that ever were inflicted on an in-
dustrious nation by an avaricious and unfeeling
aristocracy. The men of Birmingham, Manches-
ter, Leeds, Glasgow, &c., destitute of Church, and
ground down by Corn-laws to the most abject
poverty, have been patient and enduring beyond
all praise, and far beyond the patience of the
Tories under the mere privation of political power,
or the patience of the landlords, who threatened re -
beilion in 1836, if the price of barley was not
raised, under a mere reduction of rent. We affirm

that the conduct of the people in the Churchless
metropolis and Churchless manufacturing districts,
in a complete refutation of the claims made on be-
half of the Church, as the source of good behaviour
is the people.
Look, however, at the agricultural districts.
What have the Poor-law Commissioners told us of
their morality, blessed as they are with resident
priests, and an abundance of Church ? There is
no want of churches in Kent and Sussex, and
those counties were the seats of the dis-
graceful riots of 1830. Nay, within the
sound of the cathedral bell of Canterbury,
on the property of its Chapter, those fana-
tic exhibitions of THoM and his followers oc-
curred which are a disgrace to the nation and the
age. We decide from these examples that the
theory of the priests is unsupported by facts, that
theft exertions contribute nothing to the morality
and improvemerft of the people, and that it will be
a cross mistake to add to their power and their
wealth, on the suppasition that they promote in
any way the public welfare. The Commons, how-
ever, have done better titan we expected, and have
rejected Sir R. INGLIS'S motion.

The overland mail from India arrived by the
steamer Alexis at Marseilles on Monday ; but it
will yet be twelve—perhaps twenty-four—hours
before the letters and papers which she brings can
be delivered in London. The news of the arrival
of the Alexis was communicated to the French Go-
vernment by telegraph, in the course of a few hours
after she entered the harbour of Marseilles.

The Monitear Parisien, of Monday night,
which we have received, together with the morning
Journals of that date, contains the following tele-
graphic despatches, announcing the second defeat
of BALMASEDA, by General CONCHA, and the
retreat of the Carlist chief into France. The
news is highly important :
TELEGRAPHIC DESPATCHES.
DEFEAT, AND ESCAPE, OF I3ALMASEDA INTO
FRANCE.

" Bayonne, June 29, Nine o'Clock.
" THE SUB PREFECT TO TIDE MINISTER OF THE INTERIOR.
" On the 25th in the evening General. Concha beat
Balmaseda between Miranda. de Arga and Tufalla; he
killed a certain number of men, and made 130 prisoners."
" Bayonne, June 29, Two o'Clock, p. m.
" THE SUB PREFECT TO THE MINISTER OF THE INTERIOR.
" Balmaseda entered France yesterday evening by
Larrau, with 3 0 men. It is affirmed that 2,000 men
will also enter to-morrow, or during the night, by the
same point."

Litters from Perpignan of the 25th oh. state
that CA B RERA, hearing of the approach of General
ESPARTERO, had evacuated Berga, alter spiking
the gulls, and committing all the destruction he
could upon the property of the inhabitaws. This
devil incarnate was flying towards the frontier,
which he would have crossed long ago were he not
apprehensive that the French authorities would
treat him as a murderer, and so deliver him up to
the QUEEN'S Government. This assuredly is
what the French Government ought to do. His
cold-blooded butcheries of the English and French
prisoners ought not now to be forgotten, being, as
they were, violations of the laws of civilized war fare.
No additional news was received in Paris on
Monday from Africa. Marshal VALLEE'S con-
duct was universally blamed by the public press, and
hints arc thrown out as if the Government was at
last deliberating upon his immediate recall. The
position of France in Africa can hardly be worse
than it is at present. After a war of ten years' du-
ration the French are in reality but little in advance
of where they started. They have secured the
fidelity of no ally—obtained the confidence of no
native tribe. They are compelled to walk musket
in hand to keep their heads upon their shoul-
ders. They arc the legitimate game of every Arab
sportsman, who bags their heads as an English squire
would snipes on a moor at Christmas. The French
colonists are all so many living targets, who never
stir out of their log-houses but to he shot at. In
this age of wonderful discoveries they require some
invention whereby they may leave their heads at
home when they want to go abroad. This is their
only security, independently of a good musket,
against their being bagged by some yatagan-wield-
ing Isinnaelite of the desert.

Our prediction on the taking of Morella, proves to be
correct, that the few Carlist bands which still kept up the
civil war, would, at no very distant period, be dispersed or
destroyed. Of the two factious chiefs, who still kept the
field, only one ri.mains. Balmascda, the worthy rival of
Cibrera in ferocity and rapacity, has fallen into the snare
lul for him by two of the Queen's Generals. Believing
that lie was not perceived, he passed the Ducas, and con-
ceived the hold project of surprising the two Queens on
their way to Saragossa, where he was attacked by Consti-
tutional Generals, who had followed him, and who have
driven him to the Pyrenees. Thus abandoned by his
troops, he is reduced to the alternative of seeking refuge
in France, or inevitably falling into thu hands of the Queen's
Generals.

As for Cabrera, his position is no less disastrous. Sur-
rounded on all sides, abandoned by the greater part of
his troops, execrated by all the Spaniards, who sec in him
only a barbarous chief thirsting for blood and plunder, he
cannot hold out long against the Queen's troops, now that
he has only a few thousand men, and no support in the
population.

We may now, therefore, consider the war as drawing to
a close, and Spain as on the point of at length enjoying
the tranquillity and prosperity which it may expect under
the Constitutional Government of Isabella 11.
It must be confessed that this happy result is due, in a
great degree, to the skill of Espartero, who has followed
up his plan for the campaign with remarkable perseverance.
Endowed with great personal valour, commanding a pow-
erful army, in sshich he had succeded in introducing the
greatest discipline, the Duke might certainly have shown
himself more daring, and attempted more decisive strokes,
but he has not thought proper to do so, and he cannot be
blamed for it, now that he has replied to his adversaries by
the best of all arguments—success.—Messayer.
BOURSE PARIS, MONDAY, JUNE 29.
first Highest I,west Last
Price I'rice. Price. Price
Pune') 5 per ('ents..
4% per Cants
4 per Cents
3 per Cents B4 70 ... .
84 8.5 .. 74 70 34 85
Rank of france :!550 ...:'551 3'50
...r550
Laflitte Tank 5,0001. Sb 52'.5 —.5225
3clgian Bank
5 per Cents
Dutch 2;.si per Cents 55 55 ... 55 ... 55
Ac ire 27! ... 271,6 27!•6
Passive
... (3',4 6% ... f %
Neapolitan
human lO4 ... 101 ... IC3S, 163;.

RAILWAY SHARES,
Versailles, R. B 5O .. 525 ... 52'2 50 ... 525
L.B.
Orleans

.t•tr.3sburg to Bale 420

... 4)

... 120

4‘2.)

PUNISHMENT OF DEATII.-Mr. Kelly's Bill for
taking away the punishment of death in certain cases,
and substitutinf other puni,hments in lieu thereof, stands
for a second reading this day. The crimes at present
punishable by death are the following—murder, cm-
bezzlem2nt by any servant of the Bank of England of
any note, &c., relating to dividends or annuitios, and
also embezzlement by any servant of the South Sea
Company, of notes, bills, &e., of the Company ; setting
fire to or destroying King's ships ; setting fire to dwelling-
ing-houses or shops, any person being therein ; destroy-
ing ships to the danger of life ; exhibiting false lights,
or doing anything to endanger ships ; riotous and tu-
multuous demolition of churches, houses, or machinery,
prepared for or employed in any manufacture; rape, or
abusing any girl under ten years of age ; or an un-
nameab:c crime ; poisoning, stabbing, wounding, with
intent to murder ; burglary and assault, with intent to
murder ; robbery, with cutting, stabbing, or wounding ;
piracy and assault, with intent to murder. It is pro-
posed to do away with the capital punishment for all
those crimes except the first, and to make them punish-
able by transportation for life, or for any term not less
than seven years, or by imprisonment for any term not
exceeding five years.

LONG' Co,v•ts.--A Correspondent inquires whether
the ladies hive taken to wear long coats like bah-hies,
for nny purpose similar to that which makes nurses hide
the legs of infants ? We believe not. The ladies, out
of pure benevolence, and feeling great pity for the sca-
vengers, have only adopted their present extraordinary
garments to assist in cleaning the streets. This is
very amiable, but not very nice ; and in this catching
weather all the beholders wish for pedestrian ladies
shorter coats and cleaner stockings.

The Briuldon Guardian says that Mr. 131er.-
cowe will stand for Lewes, and that the Tories are in such
consternation at the news, that one of their leaders has already
been heard to declare that in future they must put up with one
member.

COAL TRADE.—The following bulletin has
been issued from the office in Blacket-street, this morning,
(Monday) :—That in addition to the forn.er salutai-y regula-
tions winch have originated in that quarter, they havo deemed
it necessary for the convenience of themselves, and the benefit of
the ship-owners, to fix the rate of freight (supposed to London,
but not so stated in the bulletin) to continue for one week, viz.,
Shields, by vessels and spout, 7s. 6d. ; Hayhole spout, 7s. 7d. ;
Howden Pans, 7s. 9d. ; Wallsend, Walker, &c., Ss.; abovo
Bill Point, gs. 3,l.—Tyne Mercury.
OPENING OF THE HULL AND SELBY RAIL-
wA Proprietors of the Hull and Selby Railway, ac-
companied by the Directors and other officers of the Leeds and
Selby, York and North Midland, and other Railways, and
headed by the Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding, Lcrd Won-
lock, Lord Wharncliffe, and Sir Clifford Constable, Bart., the
Members for the Borough, and other Members of Parliament,
with the Mayor and Town Coucil, and other public bodies of
the Borough, intend to march in process:on round the town,
previous to the departure of the trains to Selby, on Wednes-
day next (this day.) The principal tradesmen have likewise
determined on shutting up their shops and places of business,
so as to give the different parties in their employ an opportu-
nity of ,vitnessingthe opening of this important undertaking.—
Hull Observer.