The Sun.
London, England, 1841-12-13 00:00:00

No 15,372

No. 3, Winchester Buildings, Dee. 9,134 t.
WEST INDIA STEAM PACKETS.
The DIRECTORS of the ROYAL MAIL STEAM
PACKET COMPANY hereby give Notice, That, in order
to be prepared for the Distribution of the Mails of the Ist Ja-
nuary, the following Steamers will leave Southampton for their
respective Stations as follow :

The FORTH, on 7 hursday, the 16th instant, at One r.m.
for Havana, calling at Nassau, proceed to New Orleans, Tam.
pico, and Vera Cruz, and thence return to Havana.

The SOLWAY, on Saturday, the 16th instant, at. One r.
for Barbadoes, proceed to St. Lucia, Martinique, Dominica,
Guadaloupe, Antigua, Montserrat, Nevis, St. Kitts, Tortola,
St. Thomas, St. Juan's, Porto Rico, Grand Key, Turk's
Island, Hayti, St. Jago de Cuba, Belize, and thence to Havana.
The TWEED, on Saturday, the 18th instant, at One P. M.,
for Barbadoes, proceed to St. Vincent's, Grenada, Trinidad,
La Guayra, Porto Cabello, Curacea, Santa Martha, Cartha-
gena, and thence to Jamaica.
The CLYDE, on Saturday, the 18th instant, at One r. m.,
calling at Madeira, and proceed direct to Surinam and Deme-
rara, calling off Berbice, thence to Barbadoes, call at Tobago,
and from Barbadoes to Grenada.

Tworother Steamers will be dispatched on or before the 25th
of the month, and timely notice will be given of their route.
From and after the Ist January Steamers will be regularly
dispatched with the Mails, at intervals of fifteen days.
Applications for Berths to be made at the Offices of thesCom-
pany, No. 3, Winchester Buildings, Old Broad.street.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND SOCIETY
FOR GRANTING
LIFE ASSURANCES, DEFERRED ANNUITIES, &c.
No. 26, CORNHILL.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Special Act of Parliament.
DIRECTORS.
T. LAMIE MURRAY, Esq., Chairman.
J. Ellioteon, M.D., F. R. S. I John Rawson, Esq.
John Griffith Frith, Esq. John Riddle Stodart, Esq.
Hunter Gordon, Esq. Clement Tabor, Esq.
George Lungley, Esq. ileieph Thompson, Esq.

A LIDITORS.

Professor Wheatstone, F. R. S, I Professor Graves, A.M. F.R.S.

ACTUARY—W. S. B. Wqolhouse, Esq., F. it. A. S
PILYSICI A N—J. Elliotson, M.D., F. R. S.
SURGEON—E. S. Symes, Esq.
Somcrrofts—Messrs. Sweet, Sutton, Ewens, and Omman•
ney, 6, Basinghall-street.
BANKERS—Messrs. Glyn, Halifax, Mills, and Co.
LIFE ASSURANCE.

ADVANTAGES.—Perfect security from a large paid-up Capi-
ta' and accumulations—Equitable Rates—Power to borrow
Two thirds Premium paid, without expense or forfeiture—and
Profits annually divided. _ _ _

N.B. Policies for Short Periods at Lower Rates than at any
other Office, with option of continuance for Life, at the usual
rates.

DEFERRED ANNUITIES.

The best and most varied provision for after life hitherto of-
fered—.E2 12s. per annum (Is. per week) at 20, will at 65
give the policy-holder the choice of an annuity of £47 16s. 6d.,
or £349 ls. cash, or policy at death of £466. Similar ad-
vantages at 50, 55, and 60—Two-thirds payments lent at any
time, and Two-thirds returned in case of premature death.
The detailed Plans, and Last Annual Report to be had at
the Office, at any of its Branches, or ors application will be
forwarded post free.
F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Secretary.

Just published, in demy Bvo. (490 pages), price 215., elegantly
bound in cloth, or 30s. in morocco,

JHE BOOK OF THE POETS, from
Chaucer to Beattie, with Biographical Notices, and a
History of the Rise and Progress of British Poetry. Embel-
lished with 45 Vignette Illustrations by the most eminent En-
gravers.
It contains an entirely new selection from the ample range of
our National Poetry, in which an attempt has been made to
give a distinct idea of the excellence of each poet, combined
with the most scrupulous attention to admit nothing that might
in the slightest degree unfit it for universal perusal.
* * On Dec. 26, there will. be published a Companion
gt.
Volume, containing THE MODERN POETS (of the
Nineteenth Century), with the same number of Embellish-
ments, on precisely the same plan.
London : Scott, Webster, and Geary ; and sold by all Book-
sellers.

THE HOLY BIBLE, in One beautiful Pocket
Volume, eiegantly bound in morocco, with Maps, and
Tables, Priee 12s. 6d. Larger Edition in boards, 15s. 6d.
Containing the Old and New Testament, with 20,000
emendations, derived from ancient and modern Versions, from
original and scarce Manuscripts, and from the works of more
than 300 of the most learned and pious men of the last two
centuries. It is freed from many obselete, obscure, and inde-
licate words; and printed in paragraphs; the poetical parts
being in parallelisms.
Published by Longman and Co. ; Barritt and Co., London;
and to be had of all Booksellers.

LONDON, MONDAY, DECEMBER 13, 1841.

PUBLICATIONS.

pUNCII ; or THE LONDON CHARI-
VAIII.—The Illustration this Week is the POLITI-
TICAL JACK SHEPPARD. Amongst a great variety of
Political, Humorous, and Satirical Articles, are—" Loyalty
and Insanity," " Physiology of the London Medical Student,"
" The Puff Papers," " Pen and Palette Portraits," " Punch's
Fashions," "Fashionable Intelligence," &c. &c.
Published every Saturday, price Threepence. Office, 13,
Wellington-street.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF SATURDAY.
POST.—The American papers received by
the last.steamer from Boston notice, as a remark-
able fact, that in the midst of the downfal of
State credit and the breaking up of the bank-
ing system by which the recent history of the
union is distinguished, " the country is in a
prosperous condition, and all the substantial in-
terests, embracing the welfare of the masses, are
in successful and healthy action." Agriculture
and manufactures are represented to be both
thriving—commerce equally so, for while those
of the merchants who, neglecting their legitimate
pursuits to engage in the speculative enterprises
which prevailed in 1835 and 6, have been swept
away, or are inextricably involved, a new race
have sprung up who are already carrying on "a
regular, safe, and lucrative business." It is ex-
pected that many of those who have been crip-
pled for years will be emancipated from their
difficulties by the operation of the bankrupt
law, and that the new order will be strengthened
by the accession of "men of industry and en-
tcrprisP who, having been taught a severe lesson
by the experience of the past, will observe eau-
' tion and prudence for the future."
• The effect of the " downfal of State credit,
and the breaking up of the banking system," to
which reference is made', has not, however, as
yet, been felt in the full force that it will be in
the course of a short time. The Americans, from
the period at which they acquired their inde-
pendence, have been deemed the trustworthy
customers of the mother country, and their
credit in our markets has been unlimited; but
the state of the exchanges proves, beyond all
doubt, that the mercantile position of America
is undergoing a melancholy change. The resulta
Mississippi was influencedde.
of the late election for
party who have
in a material degree by a
clared•themselves favourable to the non-payment
of the State engagements,. to the robbery of
the British capitalist who has lent them
money for the prosecution of r public
improvements, their
improvements, by means of which they have se-
curedto themselves large revenues. Michigan
has
sympatbised largely in the finanancial sentiments
of Mississippi, and the immense decline which

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FROM TILE EVENING PAPERS OF SATURDAY.
GLOBE.—While Sir Robert Peel is collecting
statistics from abroad to justify his disregard of
the public distress, facts are transpiring every day
at home which plainly indicate the necessity that
something should be done to alleviate the people's
sufferings. If the emissaries of the Premier, whi)
are said to be now exploring every beggarly hole
on the Continent to find ou t where the lowest wages
are paid, should discover that there are places in
Europe where the working classes have even less
to live upon than our own, we shall not accept the
fact as a reason for making food dear in Eng-
land. If we are to abdicate the rank we have
always held among nations as the first in wealth
and in industry, we may begin to calculate how
low in poverty our people may fall without ab-
solutely perishing from want, and how far we can
restrict our commerce for the benefit of the land-
owners at the sacrifice of the manufacturing pre-
eminence which we have enjoyed hitherto. We
should not be astonished if Sir It. Peel were to
come forward in Parliament with something like
"a million of facts," intended to show that the
poorer classes in England enjoy luxuries which
are elsewhere wholly unknown; and he will per-
haps be prepared with " statistics" to prove that
a labourer with six shillings a week has no right
to complain, inasmuch as there are certain per-
sons at Naples, called Lazzaroni, who lie in the
sun, and live upon maccaroni—their earn-
ings being not more than a shilling or two in
the week—a sum, as we may be plausibly
infinmed, much below the very lowest wages
of any English workman. The fault of the Pre-
mier's statistics collected from abroad will be
their inapplicability to facts existing at home ; for
though the population of some European States
may from circumstances be in a position to live
at little expense, it is not the case with the inlca-
tants of this country, where climate and habit
render it necessary that the strength should be
sustained by a diet more generous than that
which in other places would suffice for nourish-
ment. Besides, sunshine and maccaroni might
be well enough if it were possible to get them ;
but in a country " on whose empire the sun
never sets," and in whose capital, at least, the
sun scarcely ever shows itself; the opportunity
for basking in its rays is not very often to bo,
found, while maccaroni at half-a-crown per lb.
renders it impossible that our poor should imi-
tate the Lazzaroni of Naples by making it the
food on which chiefly to support themselves.
STANDARD.—We, and all others who op-
pose the Tractarian party, are, by a respectable
Contemporary, stigmatised as " Low Church,"
and as the allies of infidels. It is impossible to
offer defence against a nickname, because a nick-
name means anything or nothing, at the caprice
of bun who employs it. Our defence against
the charge of an alliance with infidels is, how-
ever, easy, and we will make it short. We
will walk in what we conscientiously believe
the straight path, whoever may walk the same
path with us. This is a matter in which we are
commanded to have no reserve—be it that others
serve the cause of truth, "of envy and strife"---if
we participate not in their ill-nature," we do re-
joice, "yea, and will rejoice, in their activity."
But what are High and Low Church at the pre-
sent day ? We do not agree with our accuser in the
grave charge which it brings against the clergy
—" We have repeatedly granted, when taking
retrospective views of the more recent history of
the Church of England, that at no very distant
time the fervent, earnest, zealous piety of the
Church was almost entirely with the ultra-
Protestant or evangelical' party. We have
shown the vices and extravagances—the vanity,
and ostentation, and love of popular display into
which this party gradually advanced, not, indeed,
through their piety, but through the un-Catholic
presumption which accompanied it—through the
pride in their own judgment as to spiritual
things in which they were accustomed to indulge."
This is unjust to the Church. We are old enough
to remember the clergy of the last generation,
and although among the clergy, as among the
laity, diversity of character was more strongly
marked 40 years ago than at present, we can
truly say that we remember altuost as great a
proportion of zealous and pious ministers as the
Church can boast even in this, its happiest and
-proudest clay, notwithstanding the errors of some
of its sons. If the clergy of the last generation
have left few distinct monuments of their zeal
and piety, it is because they were not challenged
`from the discharge of duties strictly pastoral.
COURIER.—We have been greatly amused
at sonic of the " fantastic tricks" lately played
off by the burly mountebank now filling the
civic chair in Dublin, as well as at the eagerness
evinced by the whole pack, of which he is the
worthy leader, in pursuit of what they pre-
tended to consider a real, lusty, bona fide
grievance. It was not of the assertions of our
Irish Whig-Radical Contemporaries, backed by
the sympathetic whining of the Whig Press at
this side of the Channel, a mere shadow of a
grievance, the coinage of a factious brain, that
they were then complaining of—it was neither
the wrong done Ireland at norsince the Union,
it was neither the injustice of the tithe-rent
charge perpetrated by the Whigs, nor the in-
sufficiency of the measure of Corporate reform,
nor the blundering betrayed by the framers of
the Irish Poor-law Bill, nor the insult offered to
Ireland in the accession to power by a Con-
servative Administration, nor all these to-
gether, that constituted the terrible griev-
ance under which the whole of Ireland
was then groaning. What then could it be ?
Was it that the returns of the "tribute Sunday"
were " growing fine by degrees and beautifully
less," that the repeal exchequer showed no dispo-
sition to expand, or that the remittances from Yan-
kee-land, so much vaunted of, were mere " pro-
mises to pay," or that a large and respect-
able portion of the Roman Catholic clergy
were determined to discountenance in future
all attempts at wringing from the horny hands of
the worst paid and worst conditioned peasanty
in Europe, a portion of their miserably inade-
quate earnings under the pretence of patriotism,
and in order to enable a bloated demagogue and
his pampered family to revel in ease and luxury ?
Or was it that any attempt to abridge the elec-
toral rights acquired under the Relief Bill or Re-
form Act had been made or threatened ? Any one
of these would doubtlessly be sufficient to try
the temper of the most self-denying anchorite,
and afford to grievance-mongers or manufac-
turers ample materials upon which to work ; but
astgreatgieyanceilatsheexlcasitteadetsoofmauncth-
iryniedttiiinae l
anti-
national al despotism--which
indignation and alarm in the sister country, and
so much sympathy in this—is no way connected
with any of these things.

PRICE 5d

has taken place in the value of the. stocks of
Illinois and Indiana is, we fear, but too certain
an indication of the prevailing
,disposition of the
electors of those two States. The anti-bond
party have succeeded in returning .their chosen
officers, both legislative and executive, by large
majorities. The election turned upon this point
of robbery or no robbery, and, being decided in
favour of the former, the unprincipled demo-
cracy call it a " triumph."
It-is not thought that the repudiation of debt
will be sanctioned by a general vote of the Le-
gislature, as that would be "an act of such out-
rageous dishonesty, an act so infamous in its cha-
racter, as to call down the scorn and 'execrations
of the whole civilised world." It is considered
that the point aimed at will be effected upon the
silent principle of, inaction—by the omission on
the part of the members to provide for the ffiture
payment of div idends to the stockholders.
This conduct will be just as base as an open
avowal of repudiation, quite as well understood
by the world at, large, and the consequence of
the adoption of so disgusting a course will be,
and in fact is, a total annihilation of American
credit in Europe. The bonds of New York,
Massachusetts, Maine, Ohio, and a few other of
the States of the Union stand at a comparatively
high price in the London market, and the in-
terest upon them will, we dare say, be regularly
paid as heretofore, but they are no longer the
negotiable securities they were, and hence the
necessity to which the Americans are driven of
sending specie for all the purposes of trade.
The situation of America is precisely that of an
individual who, from a non-observance of good
• faith towards those who have trusted him, can ob-
tain no further supplies of the commodities he
needs, otherwise than upon the payment of
money down. Her word, her bond, and her
honour are equally out of fashion, and although
the expedients of the banks may check the drain
of specie for the moment, gold must continue to
flow this vay, or the foreign commerce of the
Republic must continue a dead letter.
Two Governors, namely, Reid, of Florida, and
M'Nutt, of Mississippi, have plainly and un-
equivocally told the creditors of the States that
they will never be paid, and it remains to be
seen how far they will be supported in that view
of affairs.

TIMES.—A gentleman from the City called
at the Treasury yesterday, where he gathered
that as soon as Parliament meets there will be
an inquiry into the Exchequer bill fraud; but
that there is no intention to appoint any com-
mission to decide upon the case of the innocent
holders of the forged bills. This is anything but
consolatory to the parties so situated, for a Par-
liamentary inquiry will be sure to occupy a very
long time, and then, for aught that appears to
the contrary, the point elicited will be, rather
how to prevent such frauds in future, than any
consideration for those who have been the suf-
ferers by them. Hence it is clear that nothing
is to be expected, either from the Treasury or
from any voluntary assistance, in the way of
promoting compensation, when Parliament shall
assemble, in which alone the proper remedy
must lie.

The suspension ofpayment by Messrs. Rocher,
Casanas, and Co., wine-merchants, was men-
tioned on 'Change to-day. The death of Mr.
Rocher, of Oporto, is assigned as the cause, and
it is said that the firm entertain hopes of ulti-
mately paying every creditor in full.

THE EXCHEQUER BILL AFFAIR.

It is, we apprehend, not less the duty of an limiest
and independent press to state to the Government from
time to time such movements of the public mind as re-
quire attention, than to inform the public at large of the
purposes and plans of Government, so far as they may
be accurately ascertained and usefully imparted. Such
considerations as these induce us to say a few words on
the present position of the Exchequer bill affair.
There can be no doubt that the recent disappointment
of the public curiosity has operated prejudicially on the
character of the Government. That disappointment
may have been inevitable ; it may have been morally
impossible for the affair to have been with propriety
worked in any other way ; but not the less certain is it,
that the sudden fall of the curtain, and disappearance of
the chief performers, without the least disclosure or ex-
planation, has furnished an opportunity for calumnious
invention and the spread ofscandalous reports which has
scarcely ever been equalled.
People had generally taken it into their heads that in
transactions of this magnitude there must have been
other and greater criminals than Smith and Rapallo.
They waited with patience for the public trial, believing
that in the course of such an investigation the whole
facts of the case would, somehow or other, be developed.
But, lo ! in one short half-hour, the whole scene passes
off ; the accused appears, makes his -bow, reads his ad-
dress, is sentenced, and retires, and his fellow-prisoner
is permitted to depart unquestioned ; the eager public
knowing, if possible, almost less of the real history of
the transaction than they did a week before !
That the mere force of disappointment should produce
" evil surmisings," was almost inevitable. Accordingly,
the ill-disposed towards the Government have instantly
embraced the opportunity of declaring everywhere that
" there were those implicated in the affair whom it was
convenient to screen ; that at least two Noble Lords,
more or less connecte with the Administration, were
involved with the affair ; and hence it was contrived to
cut the whole investigation short, and to suppress all
the evidence."

It is impossible to be surprised, considering what hu-
man nature is, and how unwilling men always are to be
balked of a tale of romance, or a promised discovery—
it is impossible, we repeat, to wonder that imaginative
invention on the one hand, and eager malice on the
other should create such fictions as these out of what was
probably a very common-place affair.
The main ground on which these assumptions are or-
dinarily found to rest does not appear to us to be a suffi-
cient one. " What can have become of so large a sum
of money ?" it is asked ; " Smith has it not—Rapallo is
poor ; who, then, has had all this vast amount ?"
To those who are unaccustomed to the scenes which are
daily passing in the Bankrupt Court this question was
likely to carry the inevitable conviction that some more im-
portant persons than Smith andßapallo must have been con-
cerned, and that some great hoard of wealth must still exist,
the result of "the Exchequer bill conspiracy." But to those
who have been used sometimes to read and hear of city
failures, whether mercantile or on the Stock Exchange,
there will appear nothing strange or unaccountable in
the utter dissipation of 300,0004 without any gain to the
parties ; nor any expectation that a hoard could be dis
covered, even by tracking every single bill through al
its stages to its ultimate resting-place.
The present autumn has already witnessed several, nay,
many failures, in London and the larger towns, of amount
equalling, or even exceeding, the Exchequer bill fraud.
and in each of which it might with quite as much pro-
priety be asked, " What can have become of all this mo-
ney ? We have seen bankers worth _300,000/., or
400,000 L, now deficient, perhaps nearly as much ; book-
sellers, in a few years, minus 100,000 Z or 150,0001. ;
and warehousemen who, in two years have dissipated
80,000/. ! Yet none of these occupations offers so easy
and rapid a method of getting rid of money as the time-
bargain system on the Stock Exchange. Where, then,
is the wonder, that two or three persons, without exciting
any great observation, should, in the time which seems
to have been spent in the work, have got rid of the sum
now in question ?—not 300,0001. we apprehend ; but
only such amount as may have been advanced on Ex_
chequer-bills apparently of that value ?
For our own part, therefore, we discern no facts which
lead to the conclusion that " there must be something in
the back-ground." But at the same time we think it
our duty to point out to the Government the use which
is being made of the recent occurrences by those who
a
bear them no good will ; and we will venture to
add the
recommendation, that if any means can be found, whether
through the medium of the Bank of England, or by any
other channel, of letting the public understand the real
character and full extent of the transaction, such a
taken.—
course should
s. possible at once, and with all le frankness, be
Time

CHINESE ARMS.WOOLWICH, DEC. 9.--Lieutenant-Colonel Knowles,
commanding the detachment of Royal Artillery at pre-
sent serving in China, recently transmitted to this coun-
try a complete assortment of Chinese war arms, with
specimens of shot and the costumes of the soldiers of the
Celestial Empire. The whole of these articles, and a
figure of a Chinese soldier in his tiger dress, have,
within the last few days, been arranged in the Royal
Repository at Woolwich, where the public have free ad-
mission to witness them ar.d the other curiosities con-
tained in it, between the hours of nine and twelve A.M.
and one and four P.M., on week days. .
t whostrangely
the Brother of the Sun and Moon contrast The appearance of the arms of the soldiers serve
and With the other modern arms in the Repository
har-
monize more with the Antique firearms
of war
the building. Part of the Chinese ,
.of "Robin
arm deposited in
and arrows
remind us of the ancient
boas
sile the ordnance pieces
Hood and his merry
usedr to those which have been
exactly resemble tlswilumseielne
fifteenth centuries, in the fourteenth and
found and said to have"
ee sent home by Lieut. Colonel
men," while
to the Spanish Ar-
mada. The largesti)p
be
ie
about seven feet long, and is formed
together, and hooeed withrings,
of pieces ofiron , welded
hole, length about four inches distant
Knowles appears to
throughout its w
from each other. Another piece, with a plain musket-
shaped barre-
i, is about five feet long, and i 5 mounted on
three legs,
presenting a similar appearance to the tele-
scopes used in this country, only it has an additional
moveable leg at t
he breech to regulate the elevation.
The charge of this piece is l
aced i p n a separate iron
chamber, which, when loaded, is inserted at the rear end
of the muzzle, and fired.by_a matchlock. The Chinese
swords appear formidable, and in the good sol-
hands of