The Sun.
London, England, 1812-11-05 00:00:00

than anotbfr; but equally pervading,cvety part-7-
are not the .sourei.,, i)f. imminent peril, it Is; ~at
least, cert..;.in, that they greatly embarrasri qnVern-
ment; and Considerably increase.the diffictiltielejf
raising the imposts and
,conscriptions ; and they
mist be regarded as the causes, More o 1 less dis-
tant, of agitation and debility. I
,The situation of commerce and of th,e.litnces
is the secoridobject which at present,gives Mica-
siness to Government. _ It is possible„ that the
, violent ineaSures lately taken against the English
commerce may hereafter lead to its•destruction ;
but it is certain, that at . this moment tiny effect
the ruin of that of France, The shock which has
distressed the principal 'places of Germany; and
of the North, has been felt at Paris much inure
than 'was expected. To prevent the disasters
Which would have crushed the first houses of the
capital, Government has lent 1,500,000 francs to
Jouston Ravel, who was on the eve .of suspend-
ing his payments. It has destined ten millions to
sustain the wholesale commerce of grocery, which
is principally founded on.colonial commodities.--
These , measures have retarded the crisis ; but the
evil is the same at botom; because Government is
inexorable when itdemands repayment ; and be-
cause commerce has no longer its old meanS
of profit and reproduction : therefore, the efficient
houses, which are liable to withstand the pressUre
of the- times, pay their debts and leave off busi-
ness. The others struggle, only to prolong their

agonies. _
The Emperor holds a Council of Commerce
every week 5. but the fiscal system, which always.
prevails in it, prevents every hope of amelioratiLn
in future. Thus all improvement of the State is
postponed till the epocha of a maritiine peace.
Iti4-,be mean time, several manufacturing- cities,
such as Lille and Rouen, still maintain their con-
sequence ; but the great maritime cities, such as
Bourdeaux; Marseilles, and Nantes, have lost'
the third of their population, and the discontent in
there is excessive. Government troubles itself
very little about the matter, if this state of things
has no influence on the finances ; but, notwith-
standing their apparent prosperity, the moment Of
pressure is not, perhaps, very distant. For these
three years past, instead of drawing 20,000, men,
and 40 millions, from Spain, by the aid of an
--ambassador and a dozen courtiers, France is
obliged to maintain-and pay, on the other side of
the Pyrennees, 250,000 men, who cost her at least
150 millions a year. The gulph, which at Once
swallows her population and her treasure, is not
yet about to close ; and the Emperor, who has
said more , than once, that Spain was not worth
an hundred discharges :of cannon,
,is neVertheless
too far advanced to withdraW.. The contributions
of Austria, Prussia., and of the States of the Con-
federation of the. Rhine, are almost exhausted.
France, then, will . shortly be reduced to her own
resources. It is difficult to impose more on land,
,and to augment the military contributions. A so-
lemn promise was given, to diminish them ;
.and
yet in one year they ‘:nave een increased by a fifth.
The produce of inlposts which strike directly at
.
commerce, such as the stamp duties, necessarily
diminishes With the inferior activity of trade ; and
it was necessary to have recourse to indirect con-
tributions. Tobacco was, in consequence, with-
drawn from the fanners* of it, and delivered over
to the Exchequer. The preamble of the decree
does not dissemble, that the duties, at first very
moderate, might be augmented progressively, ac-
cording to the wants of, Government, which, in
the case of . peace, .of ,maritime war only, or of
war at once both continental , and maritime, are
eStimated,at 600,800, and 1100 millions of francs.
The Emperor wishes to be certain in these three
suppositions of making the receipt equal to the
expenditure : of course, he reckons neither on the
speedy conclusion of the Spanish war, nor of the
duration of public tranquility in Europe ; and
what makes his financial situation more apparent,
as well as that of his empire, is, that with a xeve-
nue ,of nearly a thousand millions—victorious
over all Europe—master of Holland, the Hause
Towns, of Venice, Genoa, and all-powerful in
Switzerland, his GoVernment could .not raise. a
voluntary loan of. 10 millions. All his embarraSs-
ments; nevertheless, would be quickly surmount-
, ed, if it were not for the great cause of inquie-
tude, of chagrin, and expense, which is that of
Spain and Portugal. Although the Spaniards,
formed into large armies, are almost aiwdys
beaten, these pretended victories do not assist the
French. Their general situation is always nearly
the same. Pal-Tram making „any progress on the
minds of the inhabitants, they daily more, disgust
them ; and the Cortes assembled at the Isle of
Leon hold all Spain in a state of revolution.

* Entrepreneurs.

3UONAPARTE'S presence in Moscow, remote
from his capital and resources, may, perhaps,
give sonic interest to the following statement of
distances : they are the direct distances, as the
crow flies, mathematically calculated from the lon-
gitudes and latitudes, and reduced to statute• miles
of 691 to a degree :
From Monscow to

Miles.
1567
.15(31
19/9
Cadiz
Valencia
Naples ......
CapeSpartovento,the
South point of Ca- 1601
labria.

London
Paris
Bayonne

Fronitteiscow to . Miles.
Vienna .
Constantinople
Bagdad ' ' -
Ispahan
Delhi .. 2722
. Bombay
Calcutta ' 3456
Pain' • • 3616

PAVEMENT.--Notwithstanding the repeated
complaints which have:been made respecting. the
condition of the Pavement in all parts of the me-
tropolis, the persons whose duty it is to remove
the evil seem utterly callous to reproof. Even
under the eve of Government, where the District
Surveyors might be expected to be a little more on
the aleil,. the same negligence appears. The
'lflag-
stones between the Horse. Guards and t e Trea-
sury have for many weeks been in a lo se and
broken state, but not the least- notice h4s, been
taken by those to whom the care of the streets is
,
. ,
committed. • ~

The.terms upon which Mr. BETTY has been en-
gaged at Covent-Garden Theatre, are 50/. each
night for twelve. performances before Christmas, ,
and at the same rate for twelve. nights after that
period. He is besides to have a benefit fiee of all
expences,