The Sun.
London, England, 1840-06-09 00:00:00

SECOND EDITION•

CHINA.

SUN OFFICE, Seven o' Clock.

THE HIGH IMPERIAL COMMISSIONER'S SE-
COND LETTER TO THE QUEEN OF ENG-
LAND.
Lin, High Imperial Commissioner, a President of the
Board of War, Viceroy of the two Kcang Provinces, &c.
Tang, a President of the Board o: War, Viceroy of the
two Kwang Provinces, &c. &c. ; and
E, a Vice-President of the Board of War, Lieut.-Go-
vernor of Kwantung, &c. &c.
Hereby conjointly address this public deqoatelt to the
Queen (a) of England, for the purpose of giving her clear
and distinct information (on the state of affairs), &c. &e.
(b) It is only our high mighty Emperor, who alike sup-
ports and cherishes those of the inner land, and those from
beyond the seas ; who looks upon all mankind with equal
benevolence ; who, if a source of profit exists anywhere
diffuses it over the whole world; who, if the tree of evil
takes root anywhere, plucks it up for the benefit of all na-
tions ; who, in a word, hails implanted in his breast that
heart (by which beneficent nature herself) governs the
heavens and the earth !
You, the Queen of your honourable nation, sit upon
a throne occupied through successive generations he pre-
decessors, all of whom have been styled respectful and
obedient. Looking over the public documents (c) accom-
panying the tribute sent (by your predecessors) on va-
rious occasions, we find the following.—
" All the people of my (that is, the King of England's)
country, arriving at the central land for purposes of
trade, have to feel grateful to the great Emperor for the
most perfect justice, lor the kindest treatment," and other
words to that effect.
Delighted did we feel that the Kings of your honour-_
able nation so clearly understood the great principles of
propriety, and were so deeply grateful for the heavenly
goodness (of our stmperor):—tberefore it was that we of
the heavenly dynasty nourished and cherished your peo-
ple from afar, and bt stowed upon them redoubled proofs of
our urban.ty and kindness. It is m rely from these cir-
cumstances that your country, deriving immense advantage
from its commercial intercourse with us, which has endured
now two hundred years—bas become the rich and flourish-
ing kingdom that it is said to be I
But, during the commercial intercourse which has existed
so long, among the numerous foreign merchants resorting
hither, are wheat and tares, good and bad; and of these
latter are some who, by means of introducing opium by
stealth, have seduced our Chinese people, and caused
every province of the land to overflow with that poison !
These then know merely to advantage themselves, they
care not about injuring others ! This is a principle which
heaven's providence repugnates 1 and which mankind con-
jointly look upon with abhorrence. Moreover, the great Em-
peror hearing of it, actually quivered with indignation
and especially despatched me, the Commissioner, to Can-
ton, that, in conjunction with the Viceroy and Lieutenant-
Governor of the Province, means might be taken for its
suppression !
Every native of the inner land who sells opium, as also
all who smoke it, are alike adjudged to death. Were we
then to go back :nd rake up the crimes of the foreigners,
who, by selling it for many years, have induced dreadful
calamity, and robbed us of enormous wealth, and punish
them with equal severity, our laws could not but award to
them absolute anrihilation ! But, considering that these sad
foreigners did yet repent of their crime, and with a sincere
heart beg for mercy; that they took 20,283 chests of
opium piled up in their store-ships, and thr iugh Elliot, the
superintendent of the trade of your said country, petitioned
that they might be delivered up to us, when the same
were all utterly destroyed, of which we the imperial corn.
missioner, and colleagues, made a duly prepared memorial
to his Majesty ;_considering these circumstances, we
have happily received a: fresh proof of the extraordinary
goodness of the great Emperor, inasmuch as he who
volurta • ly c imes forward, may yet be deemed a fit subject
for mere), and Isis crimes be graciously remitted him
But as for him who again knowingly violates the laws,
d ffieult indeed will it be thus to go on repeatedly pardon-
ing 1 He or they shall alike be doomed to the penalties
of the new statute ! We presume that you, the sovereign
of your honourable nation, on pouring out your heart be-
fc,re the altar of eternal justice, cannot but command all
foreigners with the deepest respect to reverence our laws I
If we only lay clearly before your eyes what is profitable
sad what is destructive, you will then know that the
statutes of the heavenly dynasty cannot but be obeyed with
fear and trembling !
We find that your country is distant from us about 60
or 70,000 miles, (d) that your foreign country ships come
hither striving the one with the other for our trade, and
for the simple reason of their strong desire to reap a profit:
Now, rut of the wealth of our inner land, if we take a
part to bestow upon foreigners from afar, it follows, that
the immerse wealth which the said foreigners amass,
ought, properly speaking, to be the portion of our own
native Chinese people. (e) By what principle of reason,
then, should these foreigners send in return a poisonous
drug, which involves in destruction those very natives of
China ? Without meaning to say that the foreigners har-
bour such destructive intentions in their hearts, we yet
positively assert that from their inordinate thirst after
gain, they are perfectly careless about the injuries they
inflict upon es ! and such being the case, we should like to
see what has become of that conscience which heaven has
implanted in the breasts of all men.
We have heard that in your own country opium is pre-
hibited with the utmost strictness and severity : —this is a
strong proof that you know full well how hurtful it is to
mankind. Since then you do not permit it to injure your
own country, you ought not to have the injurious drug
transferred to another country, and &hove all others, how
• much less to the central land ! Of the products which
China exports to your foreign countries, there is not one
which is not beneficial to mankind in some sha?e or other.
There are those which serve for food, those which are useful,
and those which are calculated for resale ; —but all are bene-
ficial. Has China ever yet sent forth a noxious article from
its soil ? not to speak of our tea and rhubarb, things which
your foreign countries could not exist a single day without I
If we of the central land were to grudge you w hat is be-
neficial, and not to compassionate your wants, then where-
withal could you foreigners manage to exist ? And, fur-
ther, as regards your woollens, camlets, and longells,
were it not that you get supplied with our native raw silk,
you could not get these manufactured ! If China were to
grudge you those things which yield a profit, how could
you foreigners scheme after any profit at all ? Our other
articles of food, such as sugar, ginger, cinnamon, &c.
&c., and our other articles for use such as silk piece goods,
China ware, &c, are all so many necessaries of life to you,
how can we reckon up their number ! On the other
hand, the things that come from your foreign
countries are only calculated to make presents of, or serve
for mere amusement. It is quite the same to us if we
have them, or if we have them not. If, then, these are of
no matt rial consequence to us of the inner land, what diffi-
culty would there be in prohibiting and shutting our market
against them ?—it is only that our heavenly dynasty most
freely permits you to take off her tea, silk, and other com-
modities, and convey them for consumption every where
without the slightest stint or grudge, for no other reason
but that wherever a profit exists, we wish that it be dif-
fused abroad for the benefit of all the earth !
Your honourable nation takes away the products of our
central land, and not only do 3ou thereby obtain food and
support for yourselves, but moreover, by reselling these
products to other countries, you reap a threefold profit.
Now if you would only not sell opium, this threefold profit
would be secured to you ; how can you pcssibly consent to
forego it for a drug that is hurtful to man, and ass un-
bridled craving after gain that seems to know no bounds.
Let us suppose that foreigners came from another country
end brought opium into England and seduced the people of
your country to smoke it, would not you, the Soseeeign of
the said honourable country, look upon such a procedure
with anger, and in your just indignation endeavour to get rid
of it? Now we have always heard that your Highness
possesses a most kind and benevolent heart ; surely,
th,n, you am incapable of doing, or causing to be done,
unto another, that which you should net wish another to do
unto 300! We have at the same time heard that your
ships which come to Canton do each and every of them
carry a document granted by your Highness's self, on whirl;
are written these words, " you shalt not bo permitted to
carry contraband goods ;" (is this the ship's register?) this
shuns that the laws of your Highness are in their origin
both distinct and severe, and we can only suppose that be-
cause the ships coming here have been very numerous, due
attention has net been given to search and examine; and
for this reason it is that we bar/ address ycu this public
document, that you may clearly know how stern and ssvere
are the laws of the celestial dynasty, aid most certainly
you will cause that they be not again rashly violeted !
Moreover, we have heard that in London, the metropo-
lis where you dwell, as also in Scotland, Ireland, and other 1
such places, no opium whatever is produced. It is only
in sundry parts of your subject -kingdom of Hindostan, such
as Bengal, Madras, Bombay, Patna, Malwa, Benares, '
Malacca, and other places where the very hills are covered
with the opium plant, where tanks are made for the pre-
paring of the drug ; month by month and year by year
the volume of the poison increases, its unclean stench as-
‘caenrydeguodpswtahrderse,
thereat
tnateilt hinigedaveonanittsidf grows angry, and the
You, the Queen of the
said honourable nation, ought immediately to have the
plant inn those parts plucked up by the very roots ! Cause
the land there to be hoed up afresh, sow in its stead
n
the five grains, and if any man dare again to plant
these grounds a single poppy, visit his crime with theof mostGo
severe punishment 1 By a truly benevolent system
and-
vernment such as this will you indeed reap advantaget
do away with a source of evil! Heaven must_stuipspwoirli you,t
and the gods will crown you with felicity I This
for yourself the blessing of long
proceed the security and stability of your descendants I
to this
In reference to the foreign merchants who come
dwellings
our central land, the food that they eat, and the
of
that they abide in, proceed entirely from the goodness
life, and From this willge
fortunes which they amass, have their origin
allots
portion of benefit which our heavenly dynasty kindly
our heavenly dynasty; the profits which theyreoanpl,yairondthtlaiet
them ; and as these pass but little of their time in your
country, and the greater part of their time in ours, it is a
generally received maxim of old and modern times, that we
e
yshoouurldhoncoounjroaibnitelyeouandtmryon,ish, and clearly make knowntho:
punishment that awaits them.
We further find that during the second
moon of this
present year (i. e. 9th April, 1839), the superintendent
la'v in rela-
tiondu! y
m
to the prohibiting cf opEiuliniotta'sveiexCeisnsg hivlelye
severe,
petitioned us, begging for " an extension of the tern, id-
ready limited," siy
Live months for Hindostan and the
different parts of India, and ten months for England,
"after which they would obey and actin conformity with
the new statute," and other words to the same effect. Now
a duly prepared memorial to the great Emperor, have to
lithe
eHomi
and a half may by enrstalte bring opi
feel grateful for his extraordinary goodness, for his re-
doubled 4, to this ecuntry, if
the next year
for his crime I It', however, th
gil:assioii CommissionerlAt otiaendwbCgollweiatgbuiel3s, upon making
he will but voluntarily come forward, and deliver up the
entire
quantity, he shall be absolved from a.l punishment
expired, and thereterm
continue shallto bringba 1;e
it, then such shall be accounted as knowingly violatins. the 1
1
laws, and shall most eassuredly be put to death, on na
are Sti'l personsaPP
This then ea;
dc, f 4 • ,_,,
ieiti skagepe show mercy or -clemercy / ,
.7,..
owill,itoedter
b' 410 truly tPC 6itmlip, of tcwo9rivi'ii! ;ile fiery 1
e P- -.es. - ( ( ..:, e...„' p :. -- e

PRICES OF CANAL,DOCK,ASSUR-
ANCKCOMPANY SHARES &c. Sec. ect..

LONDON, TUESDAY, JUNE 9.
Number Dividend fr.re
of per CANALS. net
Shares. Annum Paid. Shoe
1,766 7 pet cent. Ashton and Oldham-Ai erage97/. ids. sh. 120
5,082 41. Ashby.dr.le-Zouc h A-.rage 1151.5 h 72
1,20 U Basingstoke 1001.6h. 5
1,005 5/, Brecknock and Aber gav cnny 150 i. sr:. -
8,0001. 16th .9/ 6s. Birmingham, 1-10th share B.fl. & 711. 2151
a 000 Ditto and Liverpool Junctl',!l 311.100 pd 26
MO 31. Bridgewater and Taunton .100/ sh. all pd -
400 4/, Chelmer and Blackwater 160/. sh. 101
500 411. Coventry. 1001.3 h. 070
4,545 Croydon.. Average 311.26.10 d. sh . -
2,060 5:. Os, Dudley .. 1001. sh. 99
600 131. Derby 1001. sh . 1: 8
20,000 4 per cent. Danube and Mavne 411.133. 4d .pd 281
1,575; 4/, Ellterr,,reand Chester...Avetzge 1331.811. 83
231 621. Erewassi 1001.511. 800
1,297 301. Forth snd Clyde ....Average &ft3l.l6s.sh. 615
11,60,0 10 Grand Junction 1001. sh 147
2,8491 255.' Grand Union 1001. sh 241
1,500 ..., Grand Surrey
1,000/ 41. percent. Ditto (optional) Loan... lOOl. 63
3.696
(100 131.125. ad. Glamorganshire, Avcr. cost 1%1.133.4.d. 2201
749 10i. Grantham 1501.8 h. 203
6,238 21. Os. Huddersfield Average 571.61.6 d. sit. 3:1
100 Kensington 100 sh. all pd. 10
5.328 11. ss. Kennet and Avon, Ayes. 302.18 s 10d. sh. 28/
2,8974 30/. Leeds and Liverpool 1001.1 h. 760
5454 151/. Leicester l4O/. sh. CO')
1,897 5/. 106. Leicester an 4 Northampton Av cr eq:1.108. 701.
2.400 101. Monmouthshire 100/ .sh. 199
150 10/. Melton Mowbray lON 2h. 200
500 251. Mersey and Irwell 1001. sh. 565
3,000 11. 106. 51accles field 1001. sh. all pd 46
247 171. Neath 1001.66. 325
2,400 41. Peak Forest Average about 781. sh. 91
24,418 lls. Regent's (or London) Av. 331. 16s. Bd. sh. 111
5,669 61. per cent. Rochdale Average 351.5 h. 931
500 81. Shropshire „0251.5h. 133
800 91. His. Somerset Coal 150/. sh. 150
3,600/. 41 p,r cent Ditto Lock Fund Stock 12/. 10s. sh. 11
700 40/. Stafford and Worcester l4O/.lh. 650
500 161. Shrewsbury 125/.3h. 280
900 91. Stourbridge ................ 1451, sh. 396
3,647 21. Os. Stratford-on. Avon average 791.95. Oil. sh. :11
533 161. Swansea 1001.6 h. '45
5,762 IL 15s. Severn and Wyc and Railway Av 35/. sh. 42
2,60043 h. 321. 106. Treat and Mersey, 4 share 100/.811. 600
6,149
I ,000 s h.} 161. Warwick and Birmingham 100/.sn 261
I,oools h.
930 156. Warwick and ilainsn lOO/. sh. 19
6,000 4/.os, Worcestcr and Birmingham Av. 78/.Bs. sh. 07-
5.1'00 255, Ve'ilts and Berks Average 671. 10s. Sd. sh. 31
COO 66. Wyriev and Essington 125/. sh 14
.26 W:eneacn lO5l. sh. bli
1005 1/. Wey and Arun : llOl. h. 221
DOCKS.
11:60,050i8r5h./ Sp. c. Commerc al 1001. sh. 66
East and West India ....Stock 105
3.233,3104/. 60s. p.ct. London Stock 70
Ditto Bonds lOl
2,209 31.65. sd. Bristol
68,324/. 51. per cent. Ditto Notes, various amounts lOB
1.352,752 5 percent. St. Katharine Stock 101
aoomo 4,4 per cent. Ditto Bonds
230.000 4 per cent. Ditto Bonds for 10 years O9l
. .... Deptford Pier 201. sh. 201. pd 10
BRIDGES.

1,500 IN, liammersmitt •
1,231 Southwark, Old .Av. (31.25. Bd. sh. 21
1,700 1/. 15s. Ditto, New, ail r( cent. 5O/. sh. 13
4100
5,000 2`.25. Od. Ditto, Old Annuities of 81. 5Ol. pd 20i
_.
5,000 19s, 3,1, Ditto, New Ditto of 71 40!. pd I,i
00,000/. 51. per cent. Ditto Bonds (94
5,848 17s Vauxhall Average 701. 10s. 3d. sh. 25
ASSURANCE COMPANIES.

.- ,-......- --. .
2,000 3/10s Albion -
_-5001.
sh. 501. pd 73
50,000 /_ an 0 ped
15s.cent.]
Allianceßritisn &Foreign 100/. sh. 111. pd 141
50,000 6 per cent. Ditto, slariue 1001. sh. 51. pd 5/
4,000 /1. per sh. Atlas 5O/. sh. 5/. pd 151
1,20015 h. 5/. Birmingham I. ire 250/. sh. 551. pd 1071
20,000 41.percerit.-British Fire 2501. sh. 501. pd 40
12,000 6!. per cent. British Commercial .501. s 9. 51. pd 51
5,000 51. per cent. Clerical & Meth. 41 Life, 100/.sh. 2/10s pd 41
4,000 -2! 15s County 1001. sh. 10/. pd 42;
20,000 - . st.' • Eagle ,0/ sh. Si.pd ' 5/
~,,„, 15 per cent.] Economic Lile . 10001, sh. 250/, pd ' 406.
`''" and 30/ bs.
• 2,271 -Vs.-Percent: European Li • 2O/. sh. all pd 22
50,000 2s. Ditto, New "0/. sh. 2/. pd 11
1,000,000/. 61. per ct Globe Stock 124
20,000 5/. Gu:..:-dian lOO/. sh. 2711 pd 29
'O,OOO 3. 6:l_ Hope
2,400 51. 7s. (id. Imperial 1. ire 500/. sh. 50/. pd 135
7,500 Os. Imperial Lite 100/. sh. 10!. pd 101
13,459 4/. percent. Indemnity illrainz 100/. sh. 81. pd 2(1
2,020 31 !Os Kent Fire 50/. sh. all pd 92
3/. Ditto Life. 50/ pd 651
10,000 162. Law Lite
.. 100!.:h. 101. pd PO
25/. eh. 12/. Ills. pd 19)
"5/. sh. 12/. 10s. pd 19/
3 :pm
1100: .. London,,onn,el
orn,
j,t,ii rti
e,,,,
1,000,000/. ... ..... M. . 100/. sh.
500,000/.
30,000 ri. per cent. Palladium LW 501. sh. 2/. pd 917 s
Dissenters ters 11,"00/.1.solih.. 21.,/. :XI I lls
()hdli,
;(1.,,F0,, f(1),
44/p.
eiTiir,:eenent.t.
ppPrrrzot,teeis,titeaonnrttFLDi
Lime
100/. sh. 10/. pd N
00,000 5,. Rock Life c'o/. sh. 1/. pd 7
ii 92220/ 5/. percent. Royal Exch,igo Stork... 203
6,000 5 per cent. University Life lOO/. sli. 5/. ?id 51
50,000 4 per cent. United Kingdom Life 100/. sh. 51. pd 71
JOINT STOCK BANKS.
23,000 8 per cent. Agric. and Cum. of Ireland2s/. sh. 10!. pd
5,000 Australasia 4Ol. sh. 40/. pd 61
10006 10 per cent. Ban% of Birmingham 5O/. sh. 10/. pd 131
10,000 10 per cent. Birmingham Bank 50/. sh. 10/. pd 231
31,000 6 percent. London and Westminsterloo/ sh. 251, pd Di
60,000 51. London Joint Stock 501. sh. 10/. pd 113+
3,000 4 per cent. Lancaster 1001. sh. 201. pd 50
25,000 Liverpool 100/ sh. 10/. pd 211
50,000 71 percent, Manchester and Liver.] 111
50/.511. 151 pa'
pool District
20,000 7 per cent. Manchester. 100/. sh. 25/ pd 27
20,000 Provincial Bank of Irelandlool. sh. 251. pd 441
10,, 00 SI er (cat. National Bank of Ireland 501. sh. 171/. pd 114
10,000 6 per cent. National Provincial Eng. 100/. sh. 35/. pd 391
10,008 ...... ~ Ditto New lO/. sh. 10/ pd 101
10;000 Gloucestershire 5O/. sh. In!. pd no
6,000 10 per cent. Hampshire 50/. sh. 5/. pd V
GAS LIGHT AND COKE COMPANIES.
1,500 16s Od Bath 90/. sh, 161. lid 11/
5,000 British 4Ol. sh. 16/ pd ISI
3" f 5/.percent.l Ditto Provincial 20/. sh. 19 pit 25
land Bs. 61.
028 5/ lOs Birmingham 50/ sh. 96
1,250 Y/ Os Bristol' WV. sh. 364

.2,250 31 103 Brighton 94/1 sill Tit
750 31 los Ditto, New 2O!. sh. ISI. pd 9
2,471 4i per cent. Brighton General 201. sh. all pd 9
4,000 U. Os. Continental Consolidated 75!. 69. f 1. pd 110
1,000 101. City of London
1,000 6/. Ditto, New
4,000 3/.os. Equitable 5O/. pd 26
10,4100 2} per cent. Imperial
800 51. per cent. Isle of Thanut '251. sh. 201. pd 191
2,3:-,0 6/. por cent. Independent '301.4h. all pd 50
8,000 4/. per cent. Phoenix 501. sh. 39/. pd 30
1,000 41. per cent. Rateliff 1001. sh. 80/. pd 6:31
4,000 South Metropolitan ..... 5O/. sh. 191. pd 17
9,0110 4/. per cent. United General 5O/. sh. 47/. pd :,=5
240 W. per cent. Warwick 50/. sh. LO
400 51. per cent Wakefield 25/. sh. 22
`2,000 1. Westminster Chartered
0,000 12s. Ditto New :,.....,,511. sh. 10/. pd 11
760 p,r cent. Yarmouth 20!. sh. IS!. pd
WATER WORKS.
- . '

4,800 10s. Birmingham - -----
25/. sh. 251. pd 20
4.434 71. East London 100!. sh. 104
5,500 1 1 Grand Junction Average 41/. 13s. 4d. sh. 6!i
2,000 2/. Kent 100 sh. 44i
372 101. Liverpool Bootle 2201. sh. 327
1,500 21 lOs New River London Bridge Water Ann s9i
6,486 21 lOs Manchester and Salford lOO/. sh. 571
ex Aver4ge fi3/. I2s. 9d. sh. 102
100/. sh. 1041
8.1:19061 4 percent.
I.
YSOuers.tkhtßij'iuildltddilinoesg" Co. Lessee Prop 100/. sh. 35

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, JUNE 9, 1540.

perfection of justice
Our celestial empire rules over ten thousand kingdoms !
Most surely do we possess a measure of godlike majesty
which ye cannot fathom ! Still we cannot bear to slay,
or exterminate without previous warning, and it is for
this reason that we now clearly make known to you the
fixed laws of our land. If the foreign merchants of your
said honourable nation desire to continue their commer- '
eial intercourse, they must tremblingly obey our recorded
statutes, they must cut off for ever the source from
which the opium flows, and on no account make an expe-
riment of Our laws in their own persons ! Let then
your Highness punish those of your subjects who may be
criminal ; do r of endeavour to screen or conceal them, and
thus you will secure peace and qu:etness to your posses.
sions, thus will you more than ever display a proper sense
of respect and obedience, and thus may we unitedly enjoy
the common bUssings of PEACE and HAPPINESS ! What
greater jay ! what more complete felicity than this
Let your Highness immediately upon the receipt of this
communication inform us promptly of the stet:: of matters,
and of the measures you are put suing utterly to put a stop
to the opium evil. Let your reply be speedy 1 Do not on
any account make excuses, or procrastinate !
A most important communication.
P. S. We annex an abstract of the new law, now about
to be put in force.

" Any foreigner or foreigners bringing opium to the
central land with design to sell the same, the principals
shall most assuredly be decapitated, and the accessories
strangled ; and all property (found on board same ship)
shalt be confiscated. The space of a year and a half is
granted, within the which, if any one bringing opium by
mistake, shall voluntarily step forward and deliver it up,
he shall be absolved from all consequences of his crime."
This iinperia edict was received on the 9th day of the
6th moon of the 19th year of Taoukwang, (19th July,
1839), ac whieli the period of grace begins, and runs on to
the 9th day of the 12th moon of the 20th year of Taouit-
wang, (15th January, 1840) when it is completed.

The above is a true and correct translation from the
original, to the best of my knowledge and belief.
Macao, 10th Jan. 1840. R. THOM.
(a) In the original Wang, or regulus, implying that
our sovereign owes feudal homage to the great emperor.
The term Iwuy, to inform an equal, is here used. This
means to say that these high officers address our Queen on
a footing of equality.
(b) The first expression Hunw wei, &c. implies that
the people of a superior country are addressing an in-
ferior country, the reverse is Kung wei, &c.
(c) Perhaps the King's letter sent per Lord Macartney
or Lord Amherst ?

(d) i. e., Chi:mese miler-20 a 23,000 British statute
mites.

(e) The Coramissioner has not studied Adam Smith.
Still we ought not to marvel at the ignorance of a Chinese
mandarin in mrAters of trade, which he is taught from his
infancy to desyis,... ; two or three hundred years ago, how
far were we chaselces advanced in the science of political
economy ?

(j) We have been obliged to guess at the names of
some of those places.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
(From the Globe.)
Tory zeal for tliberty is always an object of suspicion.
Sir Robert Peel. has not added to l.is reputation for
liberality by his conduct at Exeter Hall; nor will his
party be reputed the f,iends of the press for their late
support Mrs Feargus O'Connor, As that gentle-
man, on being- b ought up for judgment, . offered -in
mitigation affidavits that " he had never tbnctioned
physical force," we did not place implicit confidence in his
description of the tortures inflicted on him in York Castle.
That he was subjected for one day to severer punishment
than the law or tilt- Judges intended, is clear; as it is that
as soo►, as this was known Lord Normanby instituted an
inquiry, and interfered, so far as the law allowed him,
to remove the undue severity of such confinement.
The Magistrates distinctly deny many of Mr. O'Con-
nor's facts, and. state that some of the indignities of
which he compliains were the result of his own request.
When first brought to the gaol he was asked whether
lie wished to be, alone, or to have the company of two
(Aber prisoners. He chose the latter; and thus the com-
plaint, that he. was made the " companion of murderers
and thieves," answered. The Southern Star says, that
"the duties which it is stated were performed by him,
were not imposed upon him. He performed them volun-
tarily ; refusing to be exempt from the tasks performed
by those whose fellagv-prisoners he had been made." These
sufferings, and tho.te of Messrs. Lovett and Collins, who
prefer remaining in Warwick gaol to entering into their
own recognizsuces t 9 keep the peace, are very like the
persecutions of Jack, in the Tale of a Tub, who used to
stand at the corners of streets, and solicit thwacks and
kicks, and then she w the marks to his followers, and tell
them what he had endured for conscience.
(From the Courier.)
The necesslty of freeing immigration into the West
India Colonies from the trammels by which it is at pre-
sent injudiciously clogged, becomes more urgent the
more the subject is considered. We assume of course
that the destruction or abandonment of those Colonies is
not contemplateel, and that their preservation and im-
provement are desirable elements in the general prospe-
rity of the whole empire. The promotion by every
means of the ,welfare and advancement of her few Co-
lonies, is considered by France of such overwhelming
importance as to justify the sacrifice of domestic interests
of considerablio magnitude when found inconveniently to
interfere with, the one great object in view. Thus the im-
port duties on colonial sugars have been lowered, whilst
those on beoL-root sugar at home, in the cultivation of
which an enormous mass of capital is invested, and labour
employed, have been surcharged with heavy additional im-
posts, so as to benefit and promote colonial production.
Nay more, the question has been seriously entertained in
the French Chambers, and by the Ministers themselves,
of suppressing the manufacture of sugar from beet-root
altogether, even to the extent of a national indemnifica-
tion for the loss of those interested in that branch of do-
mestic industry ; an indemnification necessarily involving
an immense pecuniary outlay. If such be the extent of
conviction in France regarding the paramount ascendancy
due to colonial interests, as so intimately allied with high
political as well as industrial considerations, what ought to
be their weight in this country, whose colonies arc com-
paratively ccunticss, and whose colonial population num-
bers millions where that of France is reckoned by thous-
ands only ?

(From the Standard.)
There is no member of the present administration who
has escaped public notice so well as the Chancellor. His
Lordship owes this immunity, however, altogether to the
meanness of his talents, and to the timid caution with
which he has slunk back from taking any public part in
polities ; certainly not to any merits as a Judge, a Minister,
or a Member of the Legislature. As a Judge, Lord Cot-
tenham does not give satisfaction. Upon this point
we may safely appeal to the profession and to the
suitors of his Caurt, who complain of him as uniting
all that was thought faulty in his predecessors for
thirty or forty years, without possessing any of
the great qualities by some one of which each
in his turn was eminently distinguished. Lord Cotten-
ham is as deficient in the learning and patie:ice of
Lord Eldon as in the energy and boldness of Lord
Broug,hain, and it need not be told how far he falls behind
Lord Lyndhurst in every qualification for the seals. As
many, however, "are accounted wise only for saying
nothing," so a judge may for a time be thought sage and
impartial only for doing little or nothing ; but this security
cancot last very long, and the Chancellor has, we suspect,
reached its limits : the arrears in his court are, it is con-
fessed, no longer to be borne.

Her Majesty has, we understand, been pleased
to appoint Lady Mount Edgecornbe to be one of her Ladies in
Waiting. Her Ladyship is niece to the Marchioness of
Lan.sdowne.

MARKET IN

(From the London New Price Current of June 9.)
SCGAR.—There has been no variation in prices of
British Plantation Sugar since last Tuesday ; from the
grccers there has been a good demand for all descriptions,
and the refiners have been buyers to a fair extent ; the
purchases fur the three market days have amounted to
1350 hhds and tierces at full prices, and on Fi iday some of
the merchants were not disposed to sell thereat, in conse-
quence of the accounts from the West Indies still reprc-
smtin,g that there would be a 1.01 off to some extent in the
import this sear, this, together with the scanty stocks held
uy the dealers everywhere, causes many of the merchants
to be very firm in their pretensions ; of low dry brown
Sugar none has been sold under 653 Gd.
DEFINED.-For Refined Goods prices have again
advanced 6d to Is for ell descriptions. Standard lumps
at 89s to 893 Gd. Tittlers goon and fine 89s to 945.
Hambro Loaves 90s to 98s ; brown lumps at 863 to 88,?.
Patent Goods 883 7d, and brown low melting lumps 85
to 85s 8d per cwt. Common quality at 36s to 36s Gds
best old make 39s to 393 Gd, patent 38s to 395,
Pieces, fine qualities, at 733 to 755. and low to good at
67s to 700 per cwt. Bastards, common sorts, have sold at
603 to 635, and better 63s to 66s per cwt. Bonded
crushed Sugar, first quality, 34s 6d, and second do 348 to
to 34s 3d. Loaves, 14 lbs at 375. 10 lbs 37s 6d to 38s, and
smaller ones 395. Bastards slowly at 183 to 20s. Pieces
at 223 to 265. Treacle 13s 6d to 14s. Dutch crushed
Sugar on board at Amsterdam 325.
To day few of the Houses were open; a fair business was
done for home use on all articles at former rates. Bonded
Crushed sells steady at 34s 6d to 34s 9d per cwt.
Maoarrius.—Full previous rates for all brown, low
and middling yellow sorts; grey and fine yellow kinds, 41c1
cheaper, good to fine yellow sold at 71s to 735, middling
to‘ good middling 683 6d to 70s. 6d, low
yellow 67s 6d to
68s, good to fine brown 66s to 67s Gd, low 59s to 641,
middling grey 68s Gd to 69s per cwt.
EAST INDIA.—For Bengal previous rates have been
fully maintained : viz. fine white at 733 6d to 1745, good
72s to 723 6d, damp and washed 71s to 73s 6d per cwt.
Manilla, former rates have been maintained. In Java for-
mer rates rule.
FoaxioN.—White Havannah at former rates ; yellow
JS not offered at any further reduction. White sorts of
Brazil n.t at any further reduction in prices; Brownhaats
m.,ntained previous rates. Porto Rico of the new crop
auction at previous rates; good brown fetched 23s 6d,
middling to good yellow 243 to 263 per cwt.
MOLASSES.—At former rates there has been a gcod de-
mand for West India, 250 puns have been disposed of ;
Antigua fine at 39s to 40?, Dominica fine 38s to 395,
Tiinidad good 36s per cwt. Fc-v parcels have been im-
orted since we last wrote, and the stock is upwards of
600 puns less than last year.
:I,':..COFFEE —The home trade have purchased more freely
of all clean sorts of British Plantation Coffee ; the mer-
chants have displayed more firmness, and former
have been sur4:orted ; unclean iiia.vever, still
netJecte?,
. , at public sale 200 casks
04,i4;":? aie peen offered, Jamaica, good middling sold at
12E/3, mid 1103 to 114 s 63, low mid 1048 to 107 s, fine fine