The Sun.
London, England, 1847-06-15 00:00:00

HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.

THIS BYEITING, Tuesday,
.(by the Queens command), will be
represented Belll/21's opera of
NORMA.

Worms, lidlle. Jenny Lind ; Adalgisa, Mdme. Barrozil ; Polllone,
Naylor Frani:MA ; Oroyes9, Signcr Lablache.

conclude with a Selection from the admired ballet of
LA ESMERALDA.

La Esmeralda, Mdlle. Carlotta Grist ; Pierre Gringoire, M. Perrot ;
Truand, Venafra ; Clopin Trouillefou, M. Gouriet.
In the Ballet a Pas by Mdlle. R,sati.
The full number of Tickets of Admission to the Pit having been
disposed of, it is respectfully announced that no money will on this
occasion be taken at the Pit doors.
The doors open at Seven. The Opera to commence at Eight.
The Nobility, Subscribers to the Opera, and the Public, are re-
Spectfhily informed, that there will be a grand EXTRA NIGHT
oft THURSDAY neat, when will be presented
A Grand Dramatic and Miscellaneous Entertainment, comprising
She !Went of Mdlle. Jenny Lind, Mesdames Vietti. Montenegro, and
Ca.teflan ; Signori Lablache, Staudigi, Coletti, F. Lablache, Corelli,
&ache, Superchl, Fraschini, and Gardoni.
Including Selections from Haydn's oratoria of the CREATION,
and Cimarosa's opera of IL MA LRIMONIO SEGRETO, and from
the works of Mozart, Mendelssohn, Spohr, Rossini, Donizetti, Verdi,
Neyerbeer, and Beethoven.
On this occasion also will be sung Bstect SIVEDISHMELODIES,
by Mdlle. Jenny Lind.
The Entertainments in the Ballet will comprise the talents
Ca rlotta Grist, C. Rosati, and Cerito, M.M. St. Leon and PerrotofMlles..

ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA, COVENT•GARDEN.
THIS EVENING, June the 15th, will be performed Rossiare
opc ra buffs

IL BARBIEEE DI-SEVIGLIA,
Principal ctaracters by Madlle Alboni, Mdlle. Benin!, Signor
Maly', Signor gonconi, Signor Rovere, and Signor Marini.
conclude with a new gran N
d ballet
LESCIUT.four tableaux, entitled
MANO

'Zenon Leseaut, Mdlle. Fanny Elssler ; M. de Grienx ; Sig. Cants;
Le Marquis du Granville, M. O'Bryan. Also a Pas de Trois, by
Baderna, Bertin, and Demelisse.
Tickets, Stalls, and Boxes to be obtained at the Box-oMce, Bow-
street ; and at Cramer, Beale, and Co.'s, 201, Regent-street.
The Doors will be openedlat Eight o'clock, and the performance
commence at half past Eight o'clock.

GRAND MORNING PERFORMANCE,
ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN,
On FRIDAY, June 18, when will be performed Rossini's
S lABAT MATER;

On which occasion Madame Grisi, Madame Persian[, Signora Corbari,
and Mdlie. Alboni ; Signor Mario, Signor Salvi, Signor Tamburini,
Signor Roneuni, Signor Tagliatico, and Signor Marini will sing.

A MISCELLANEOUS CONCERT.
la the muse of the morning Roesinl's La Carita, by the whole
Strength of the company.
Beetkoven's Grand Battle Sinfonta will be performed by the
Orchestra, under the direction of M. Costa.

PRICES OF amtissiow.
Pit and First Amphitheatre Tickets •• • ..... £0 7 0
0 15 0
First Amphitheatre Stalls .... ••.. • • • • •• 010 6
Second Amphitheatre Stalls .. •• .. • • •....... e 5 0
Grand Tier Boxes .... •••• • • • • ••••• • • • • • 4 4 0
Pit and First Tier Boxes •• .. •• • ......... 313 6
Second Tier Boxes ........................ 2 12 6
Third Tier 80xe5.... ..... ............... 2 2 0
Fourth Tier Boxes ............... ..... 1 11 6
Second Amphitheatre Tickets .............. 0 3 6
Gallery Tickets 0 2 6
Tickets, Stalls, and Boxes, at Cramer, Beale, and Co.'s, 201,
Regent-street; and at the Box-oillce, Bow-street

ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN.
The Nobility, Gentry, and Subscribers are respectfully informed
that a GRAND EXTRA NIGHT will take place on THURSDAY
next, June 17, when will be repeated Bellies opera of

NORMA,
Norma, Madame Grist; Adeigisa, Mdlle. Corbari; Pollione, Signor
Sal yi : OmA-ea), Signor Marini.
To be followed by the First Act of Rossini's Opera
IL BARBIERE DI SEVIGLIA.
_

The Principal characters by Mdlle. Alboni, Mdlie. Bellini, Signor
Bahl, Signor Ronconi, Signor Rovere, Signor Polouini, and Signor
To conclude with the new grand Ballet, in four tableaux, entitled

MANON LESCAi3T.
Tickets, Stalls, and Boxes, for the night or season, to be obtained
at the Box-office, Bow-street; and at Messrs. Cramer, Beale, and
Co.'s, 201, Regent-street.

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Under tho Ilana,.:ement of Mr. I. Webster, sole Lessee.
THIS EVENING

Will be perforraed the new Comedy, called TEMPER. Sir Manna-
duke Topple, Mr. Farren ; Sir Charles Tempest, Mr. Hudson; God-
frey. Mr. Tilbury; Emerson, Mr. Webster; Cyril Tempest, Mr.
Mona; Lady Tempest, MS. Seymour ; Mrs. Herbert, Mrs. Glover ;
iloreneeNilmot, Mrs. Fortescue; Miss Filding, Mrs. Humby.

After which The MAGYAR 311.7LATSAG; or, Hungarian Fetes.
By the celebrated Htingarian Dancers and the Hungarian Instru-
meqtal Vocall,ts.

T be followed by a new comic drama, called THE JACOBITE.
Slr Richard Wroughton, Mr. Stuart; John Duck, Mr. Buckstone
Lady Somerford, Miss Fortescue. •
To conclade with en entirely new and original farce called 11-110
DO THEY TAKE ME FOR? Colonel Templeton, Mr. Howe ;
Terence O'RAilly, Mr. Hudson ; Mrs. Dorrington, Mrs. Seymour;
Xlss Prudence Pickings, Mrs. Humby.

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI.
Under the direction of Madame Celeste.
TIIIS EVENING
Will be performed the original Drama, called THE FLOWERS
OF THE FOREST ; a Gipsy Story. Cheap John, Mr. Wright;
',Unite!, Mr. 0. Smith ; the Kinchin, ➢dr. P. Bedford ; Leybourne,
Kr. Worrell ; Cynthia, Madame Celeste ; Lemuel, Miss Woolgar;
Star! lght Bess, Mrs. Fitzwilliam ; Lady Agnes, Miss Harding.
After which an entirely new Petite Comedy, entitled
FLYING COLOURS; or, Crossing the Frontier. Captain Sans-
Moue], Mr. Webster ; Margaret, Miss Woolgar ; Helen de Montereau,
Ma lame Celeste ; Justine, Miss Ellen Chaplin.
To be followed by the Opera Bed's Sketch, called JENNY LIND.
Principal characters by Messrs. Wright, Paul Bedford, Lambert,
Rblby, Cullenford, and Miss Woolgar.

FRENCH PLAYS.—ST. JAMES'S THEATRE.
Lessee, Mr. John Mitchell.
TO-MORROW EVENING
Second appearance of Monsieur Bouffe,
Will be presented a new vaudeville, entitled LES FLEURS
ANIMEES. :haracters by MM. Pascal, Tourrillon, Priston, Mdlles.
Duv,.rg,er, Vallee, Leyder, &c.
After which the comedic of LE PERE TURF UTUTU. Rigaud,
M. pouffe, Rose, Mdame Grassau ; Adele, Mdlle. Vallee.
To conclde with LE G A,M IN DE PARIS. Joseph, M. Bouffe ;
An:n(le, M. Rhozevil.; Eliza, Mdlle. Vallee.
Boxes, 6s. ; Pit, 3e. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, 3.. ; Gallery, es.
Tlaxes and Stalls may be engaged at Mr. Mitchell's Royal. Library,
Itond-street ; and at the Box-office of the Theatre, which le open
daily front Eleven till Fire.

'.TIIIOPIAN i.E.R.ZNADEKS, ST. JAMES'S TilEAkTut,"

lin consequence of the increasing success which attends every re-
presentation givemby the celebrated ETHIOPIAN SERENADERS,
Pell, Harrington, W bite, Stanwood, and Germon, they will repeat
their usual ENTERTAINMENTS at the above Theatre, THIS
ETENING, and every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday
Evening. Doers wen at Eight o'clock. They will also give a DAY
TERFORMA NCE on Wednesday Morning next, commencing at
Tv...). Thursday next will be for the Benefit of Mr. White.
B 'xes and Stalls at Mitchell's Royal Library, 33, Old Bond-street,
and at the Box-office of the Theatre.

I'RINCES3'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREEi.
J. M. Maddox, sole Lessee and Manager.
THIS EVENING.
' ill be presented GUY MANNERING. Henry Bertram, Mr.
Barker; Dominic Sampson, Mr. Compton; Lucy Bertram, Miss
Anre Romer ; Julia 3lannering, Miss Emma Stanley.
After which a new comic drama, entitled "LADIES BEWARE !"
Colonel Vavasour, Mr. Granby; Sir Charles Vavasour, Mr. James
Yining; Matilda, Mrs. Stirling.
To conclude with a Drama, entitled THE KING AND THE
111P411. Principal characters by Messrs. Hughes, Walton, Barker,
Wynn, Delavanti, Granby, Miss E. Stanley, Miss G. Smithson, and
Miss MarshalL

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE,
P;uprietor and Manager. Mr. William Batty.
Meer the patronage of the Queen, Prince Albert, and the

Royal Fimily.
Splendid combination of Novelties, in addition to which Mr. Batty

has engaged Mdlle. Laurina. the Female Equestrian.
THIS EVENING
(First appearance of Mr. West, late of this Amphitheatre.)
Rill be presented a gorgeous Peruvian Drama, to illustrate the
lilstorical events of the Spaniards' corost of Peru, arranged from
the original text of Brinsley Sheridan ay of " Pizarro." entitled
THE STORMING OF QUITO ; or, the Warrior of the Sun. Rolla,
Ift. W. West.
Coe( nailed SCENES in the CIRCLE, with a brilliant display of
IR Orwil,anship, introducing the Foreign and British Artistes.
' To conclude with the Equestrian Magical Sketch, THE GOLDEN
FOOTED STEED; or, The Charmed Horse of the Black Valley.
Stage Manager, Mr. W. D. Broadfoot.
galls, `Ts. ; Boxes, 4s. ; Upper Boxes, 33 ;. Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. ;
Upper Gallery, 6d. Commence every evening at Seven o'clock,

ROYAL SURREY THEATRE.
Under the Management of Mrs. Frances Daridge, Lessee.
THIS EVENING

Will be proseinted Anber's opera, entitled FRA DIAVOLO. Lord
AlleAsh, Mr. Hornefuttle ; Fra Diavolo, Mr. Harrison ; Zerlina, Miss
Itainforth.

After which Dibdin's emedietta of TIIE QUAKER. Steady,
7ar. Leffler ; Lnbln, Mr. llorncastle ; Gillian, Miss Isaacs.
_4 ti ;dude with the nautical drama of BLACE.EYED SUSAN.
'' ,Z"nl!-Mr. Scott ; 11!ue Peter, Mr. Honmastle ; Susan, blrs. H.
vi!!,713e,5 Dolly Mayflower, Miss Terrey.
K • 4,•, Pit, Is.; Gallery, 6d. Doors open at Six, commence
ii_u.:2L.-1.3e

ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE.
THISVENING
Rill be performed a splendidEdrama, by Fitzball, called JANE
?ALL ; or, the Victim of Persecution. Jane Paul, Miss Vincent ;
Micn
leael Patti, Mr. Hicks; Necker, Mr. Bird; Hedgehog Jack, Mr.
Boa .
Aiter Which THE SPECTRE BRIDEGROOM.
T conclude with the celebrated drama of THE SLAVE. Gambia,
Mr. liCks • Zelinda, Miss Boroughchffe.
1 '
Boxes, Is.; Half Price,
6d. Pit, 6d. ; Gallery, 3d.

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICATLENs.
Under the patronage of her Majesty, his Royal Hi
Albert, the Queen Dowager, ese. g Prince
Open every Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday.
AltiliSSiOrl. One Shilling.
THIRD WEEK OF 3f. JULLIEN'S ENGAGEMENT,
No Extra Charge !
THIS EVENING, June 15.
The Proprietor has much pleasure in announcing to the Subscribers,
Amateurs of Music, andthe public, that he has succeeded in re-engsg.
, I. JULLIEST and the Principal Solo Performers of his unrivalled
,t , inelnding Richardson, Baumann, Barret, Lazarus, Prospere,
• t net, end Her Koenig, for a limited number of nights. Which,
with Mr. GODFREY'S Splendid Band, aided by a selection from
the principal bands in the Metropolis, will form an orchestra of One
Hundred 'Performers.
The Proprietor begs to announce that he has, at a considerable
Slipcase, erected a new Entrance, anti a magnificent Walk, with
flower borders, statues, and a Central Fountain, in front of the
rand Pictorial Reprevlntation of
THE TOWN AND BAY OF GIBRALTAR.
The menagerie contains many specimens, including the Giraffe,
Gazelles, trx. The Promenade Concerts. conducted by Godfrey. A
on of the Porcelain Tower of Nankin. The Gothic Bridge
Iligersnd Pyrotechnic Display, representing the
'4
-AGE OF GIBRALTAR.
~hem
-tbit ent of the Bombardment, partial destrue-
'3
4.•
t„ :-.;;:;',?:•-(. '
(
lowing up Of the Battering Ships.
I
\P--,- t4!--71;fr4 i.

tg;- titninff o`*"' int
LONDON, TUESDAY, JUNE 15, 1847.

Gladly do we announce the amendment introduced
to the attention of Parliament last night by the Hon.
'kGentleman the Member for Finsbury, in reference to
the conduct pursued by Government towards the
people and the SOVEREIGN of Portugal. The amend-
ment suggested by Mr. DUNCOMBE is one precisely in
accordance with the spirit of Mr. HUME'S motion,
and in every way compatible with the principles
enunciated by ourselves as to the propriety of
an armed interference. According to the word-
ing of this amendment, the House of Com-
mons will pronounce it to be " the duty of
the British Government to endeavour by every just
means in their power to secure to the people of Por-
tugal the full enjoyment of their constitutional rights
and privileges." Beyond the gratification experienced
at the introduction of a proposition like this, a pro-
position which will afford a brilliant testimony
of the sympathy with which the Legislature of these
islands regards the blessedness of a liberal and mode-
rate sovereignty, we are in a particular manner re-
joiced at Mr. DUNCOMBE'S proceeding, as it elicited
from the lips of Mr. MACAULAY an explanation of
the sentiments by which his colleagues have been ac-
tuated throughout towards Portugal—an explana-
tion at once so comprehensive, so terse, so masterly
in arrangement, and so conclusive in argument. If
the Right Honourable the Paymaster of her Majesty's
Forces does not absolutely vindicate the necessity
for the subjugation of the insurgent forces of the
Junta by our squadron of surveillance, he, at least,
testifies in an unanswerable manner to the humanity
of the views by which the Cabinet of England has
been instigated to the adoption of such violent mea-
sures; he confirms the opinion we expressed on
Thursday evening, that the Ministerial arrangements
have been characterised throughout by the most
perfect good faith and simplicity of intention.
In the speech delivered last night by the Right
Hon. THOMAS BABINGTON MACAULAY it was elo-
quently explained that the relations subsist-
ing between England and Portugal are of un-
usual antiquity—dating as far back as the days
of the BLACK PRINCE—and, in like manner,
have continued for centuries of a character so
earnestly indicative of a common friendship, as to be
invested, according to the felicitous expression
of CANNING, with a sort of romantic colouring.
Rendered remarkable by this venerable and ardent
complexion, the cordial understanding between the
two countries becomes in a manner more entitled to
be considered as a matter of the most delicate and
estimable importance. It is scarcely, however, by
allusions to the pageantries depicted in what may,
without extravagance, be termed the emblazoned
chivalry of the Chronicles of FROISSART, that any
extenuation can be discerned for the employment of
military or naval armaments for the reconciliation
of a foreign people and a foreign monarch. It is
scarcely by:reminiscences of the gorgeous reception of
the Portuguese ambassadors in the fifteenth century
at the Court of the King of ENGLAND, in the pre-
sence of the renowned JOHN of GAUNT and of the
puissant EDMUND LANGLEY, that any satisfactory
reason can be discovered for the extraordinary course
adopted by the present Government in empowering
Sir WILLIAM PARKER to impel the revolted popula-
tion of Portugal to a pacification through the iron
logic of his vessels• of-war. Had Mr. MACAULAY
restricted himself to such a line of argument, how-
ever brilliant or heroic it might have been in its
abstract bearing upon the discussion, it would have
left the disputed principle as questionable in point of
justice or propriety as it had appeared to many to be
from the very commencement. But the Right
Hon. Gentleman the representative of Edinburgh
assumed a more cogent and comprehensible ground of
argument, and by the earnestness with which in his
exordium he stigmatised the Government of the
Cabrals and their creatures as despotical and as in-
famously subversive of the natural and constitutional
rights of the Portuguese, he prepared even those who
were most disposed to regard the British Ministry as
reprehensible, to coincide with the abstract principles
which had animated the official dispatches of Lord
PALMERSTON.

Cordially and readily do we acknowledge the
speech delivered last night by Mr. MACAULAY
to be conclusive ; and in uttering this acknow-
ledgment we are by no means waiving a single
one of those liberalising principles Ns hich we
have all along endeavoured to advocate as the
only ones consonant with the enlightenment
of this generation and the generous character of
our glorious constitution. Mr. MACAULAY, indeed,
maintained the sanctity of the very principles to
which we are alluding with the recapitulation of
sincerity and in the language of unaffected eloquence.
Speaking of the sentiments by which all representa-
tive Governments should be influenced in similar cir-
cumstances, the Right Honourable Gentleman de-
clared that no doubt whatever could exist but that
the rule condemnatory of interference in the internal
concerns of a foreign country is a sound general rule !
He maintained that the Minister who so interfered
would invest himself with a terrible responsibility !
that the throne of Portugal had unquestionably been
encompassed, for a considerable time past by evil coun-
cillors ! that acts which he was compelled to
designate as cruel had disgraced the Portuguese Go-
vernment ! and that no human doubt could exist but
that " circumstances had occurred which justified the
Portuguese people in receiving with distrust the as-
surances of the Portuguese Government !" In a later
portion of his harangue Mr. MACAULAY asserts yet
more distinctly, " If I be asked what the origin of
the Portuguese war was, then, Sir, I do not hesitate
to say that I believe it was caused by the acts of the
Portuguese Government." Coupling this declaration
with the fact of Mr. DUNCOMBE'S amendment (that it
becomes " the duty of the British Government
to endeavour, by every just means in their
power, to secure to the people of Portugal the
full enjoyment of their constitutional rights
and privileges"), having been cordially welcomed by
the Paymaster of her Majesty's Forces, we cannot
but augur happily for the consequence of what very
naturally appeared (before the utterances of those
avowals) to be a most ominous proceeding. From
the threatened interference of France and Spain in
the disturbances which had continued so long to
desolate the Portuguese provinces, Mr. MACAULAY
maintained that the matter had changed from a
purely internal question to a strictly international
question, and that therefore the Ministry are justi-
fied in resorting to an armed intervention. Upon
the inflexible humanity of England during her di-
plomatic correspondence with the Cabinet of Lisbon
Mr. MACAULAY spoke most effectively and forcibly.
Observe, he exclaims, the process of the arrangement
about the amnesty promised to the insurgent chieftains.
First, MARIA DA GLORIA says, " Agreed that there
shall be no capital punishment, still some persons
must be sent out to the colonies ?" England replies
to that, No ! " They shall not be consigned to a
cruel and miserable exile; they shall not be sent to
Africa ; they shall be sent to Paris ; they shall have
their milreis regularly transmitted, and Government
will add something itself to their incomes I " Not
one mile out of the Portuguese territory !
months ? " Not
i?no,a,n‘tieiLot.ni‘est,o`them
onrt
be exiled for eighteen m
fourteen?" Not one! "For only
one ! Those are the humanedleytetrmen
which thee Chaabveinentohwavaegaulraeraadnytepe that the Ministry
r
oeeeded. Beyond
*
those,will
illn
edeavour to secure to the Portuguese peopi",
w
the full enjoyment of their constitutional rights and

privileges. The speech of the Right Hon. THOMAS
BABINGTON MACAULAY is the eloquent vindication
of the Government.

The intelligence which we published yesterday
from America, in regard to the prominent political
topic, the Mexican war, entirely corresponds in its
character to the prediction we made some time since
touching the probable issue of the belligerent opera-
tions then being carried on in that unfortu-
nate country. Divided in their councils, with an
army badly disciplined, and destitute of the most ordi-
nary means requisite to ensure success, the Mexican
forces have, in every pitched battle with their enemies,
sustained throughout successive defeats. The ordi-
nary tactics of war have been consequently aban-
doned ; all further resistance to the invaders will be
based upon the guerilla system. Of all methods of
warfare this is the most frightful. When fanned by
the flame of patriotism, it drags its slow length along,
with its invariable adjuncts of indiscriminate mas-
sacre and heartless and wholesale plunder, without
producing any decisive result, unless, indeed, the
power of the invader be overwhelming, his
judgment and energy of a superior character,
and the union among his forces unequivocally
firm. The armies of the United States are
far from commensurate in strength to the
object they seek to attain—the virtual subjugation of
the immense territory of Mexico ; and the American
Generals are already feeling the serious inconve-
nience of being deserted by large numbers of their
volunteers at the critical moment when they require
a judicious concentration of all their available
strength to pursue their progress triumphantly to-
wards the Mexican capital. Union, the chief ele-
ment of success, is therefore wanting to them ; and
though they will, in all probability, possess them-
selves of the metropolis, it will be then that they will
find the commencement of their real difficulties.
Then only will they learn the force of the saying,
le commencement de la fin. SANTA ANNA and CA-
xeLes have issued proclamations, commanding the
male population, from 12 to 50 years of age, to
range themselves into guerilla bands for the purpose
of putting to the sword every American, of whatever
age or condition, wherever and whenever he may be
discovered within the frontiers of the Mexican coun-
try. The Americans will, of course, retaliate
in the same way, and the utmost horrors be
mutually perpetrated. A reign of terror will super-
vene. Insubordination and plunder have marked
the proceedings of the American volunteers, who,
satiated with their predatory gains, and their term of
service being expired, are flying homewards, after
having created the bitterest feelings of revenge by
the cruelties they have practised. Meanwhile the
Mexican Congress are averse to all overtures for
peace, and have, it is said, rejected a proposition for
requesting the mediation of England for terminating
the war. This argues confidence on their side that
the Americans will yet regret the unprincipled inva-
sion they have made, in consequence of the detestation
in which their conduct is held throughout the Mexi-
can provinces. Should the war not be speedily
concluded, Mr. POLK will be called to a severe
account at the re-opening of Congress. The origin
of the dispute being so disgraceful in itself, the cost
already incurred, and the immense outlay that would
be required to secure anything like a decent military
occupation of the conquered country, would constitute
national evils of sufficient magnitude to induce
Jonathan himself to re-consider his ways. The
sympathies of Europe are with the Mexicans. Any
reverses which may await the policy of America in
the prosecution of this war, would be regarded as a
just retribution for as iniquitous a proceeding as ever
was taken by one nation towards another.

Were any country, or colony, desirous of manual
labour for the purpose of developing its resources, to
apply to any well-organized State to supply their deft•
ciency, and to receive a reply that they were welcome to
numerous bodies of convicted felons which they were
yearly in the habit of transporting to some portion or
other of their remote possessions, there can he little
doubt that the country or colony would feel itself
not only averse to embrace the offer, but insulted by
such a proposal. People would naturally, and in-
stinctively dread the contaminating evils that would
inevitably attend any attempt to supply their want of
labour from such polluted sources ; and yet how op-
pressive would it not appear if the mother country
should insist upon its colony receiving, nclens volenA,
the scum and criminal dregs of its own population.
Such, however, is actually the course which humane
and enlightened England has pursued unchecked for
years ! Viewed in the abstract, every nation is bound
to punish, and particularly to reform, its law-breakers
in the best way it can within its own territories. It
has no right to palm off upon another the offscourings
of its criminal besom ; and this remark becomes all
the more consonant with justice when it is re-
membered that the amount of crime is, in every
country, more or less attributable to bad laws and
gross neglect, on the part of the State, towards the
wants, physical and intellectual, of the humbler
classes, which always constitute the great body of the
community at large. Are we ourselves free from
such imputations ? Assuredly not ; and that this is
the truth is fully borne out by the anxious desire at
length evinced to contribute in a variety of ways to
the promotion of the educational and moral neces-
sities of the people, and to introduce an extensive
reform in our prison discipline. For though it has
been sufficient to punish, the State has entirely failed to
correct or improve the moral condition of the prisoner,
when he is thrown back upon society at the expira-
tion of his term of incarceration. The contrary is
notoriously the fact, viz., that in consequence of the
absence of proper buildings, and regulations essential
to a due classification of prisoners conformable to
their respective degrees of mental turpitude, the last
state of the prisoner has always been found to be
worse than the first. Our system has been in this
wise : we have first been neglectful, and then we have
been severe, and not only so, but we have exercised
our severity in the most selfish manner towards other
and unoffending communities. We have inverted the
order of nature, and violated the first principles of
humanity. We have suffered people to grow up in
poverty and ignorance; crime has followed, extreme
punishments have been resorted to, and, to wind it all
up, we have sent the felons by ship loads to become a
contaminating curse to lands whose inhabitants,
because they are so remote, should, as subject to the
British Crown, be treated with greater circumspec-
tion and national solicitude for their future welfare.
Captain MACONOCHIE, R.N., has just informed us, in
a pamphlet, of the system he pursued whilst in com-
mand as superintendent of the penal settlement of
Norfolk Island. When he first went there, the ap-
pearance of the convicts he describes to have been the
most demoniacal looking that could possibly be con-
ceived. In three years he completely changed the
condition of the convicts, tG the astonishment of the
Governor himself, Sir G. Girrs. lie gives a general
outline of the plan he successfully adopted in the fol-
lowing terms :

" Besides introducing most imperfectly my own sys-
tem of management among them (for my marks never
had a fixed value towards liberation assigned them,
which could alone make their accumulation really im-
portant), I sought generally by every means to recover
the men's self respect, to gain their own wills towards
their reform, to visit moral offences severely, but to
reduce the number of those that were purely con-
ventional, to mitigate the penalties attached to these,
and thus gradually awaken better and more enlightened
feelings among both officers and men. I built two
churches—got a catechist added to the establisnment to
assist the chaplain—almost every Sunday during all my
four years read the service myself, with a sermon at
some one or other out-station—established schools—dis-
tributed books—gave prizes for assiduity—was un-
wearied myself in my counsels and exhortations wher-
ever I went—and went everywhere, alone and un-
attended, showing confidence, and winning it in return.
I also gave every man a small garden, which was a boon
to the industrious, but none to the idle."

Very much of what Captain MACONOCHIE en-
forced in Norfolk Island to reform the convicts
should be pursued in this country by adequate insti-
tutions. Once imbue with self-respect, and you do
more than anything else to lay the axe at the root of
crime. When, however, crime is nevertheless per-
petrated, we should endeavour to reclaim the criminal
in the manner above adverted to. And seeing that the
Government have evinced their anxiety to establish
their convict discipline upon a similar basis, we hope
and believe that the results will prove commensurate
with the humanity and wisdom by which their efforts
are at present characterised.

Madrid papers of the Bth have arrived.
The Faro states that a plan bad been formed to

organize a Carlist outbreak on a large scale in all the
provinces of Spain. The plans of the Carlists have,
however, been effectually thwarted by the arrest of
General ALZOA at Bayonne.
It is rumoured that negotiations have been entered
into with the KING, the object of which is to induce
him to join the QUEEN at La Granja.
Letters from Catalonia state that the sudden return
of General PAVIA to Barcelona was caused by the
discovery of a Carlist conspiracy in that city. Since
his return seven persons have been arrested and con-
fined in the citadel.

MADRID BOURSE, JUNE B.—Three per Cents.
30?,-; Five per Cents., 181. Exchange on London
49f. 10c.

We have received the Paris papers of Sunday.
A second edition of the Commerce states that Queen
CHRISTINA had just arrived in Paris.
The Journal des Debats states that the Committee
on the affair of M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN were to
meet on Monday to consider the report of M. LA-
VILLE, that the report would be printed and distri-
buted to the Deputies on Tuesday, and discussed in
the public sitting of the Chamber on Thursday.
The National expresses a hope that the debate on
the affairs of Portugal will not be permitted to pass
over without a demand for explanations from M.
GUIZOT on the subject of the contemplated interven-
tion of France in the affairs of Switzerland. "In
Switzerland," says the National, " the designs of the
Ministers may yet be prevented, and we must repeat
how important it is to the honour and the interests of
France that the Chamber should interpose to detach
M. GUIZOT from the policy of Austria."

After denouncing the intervention in Portugal, the
National proceeds :—" But intervention in Switzer-
land would be treason and infamy of, if possible, a
deeper dye. The guilt of this intervention is aggra•
vated by everything that is culpable in the choice of
accomplices. What the Minister dares to accomplish
in Switzerland is to act in concert with Austria
to forward the views and promote the interests
of the Absolutist Powers. Is it not suf-
ficiently disgraceful to have delivered to the
Cabinets of Vienna and of St. Petersburgh, Poland,
Cracow, and Switzerland ? It is impossible that the
Chambers, whatever may be their composition, can
permit M. GUIZOT to force France openly to enter
into this Holy Alliance of hangmen." The report of
M. RENOUARD on the Cubieres affair was to be read
in the Chamber of Peers, and distributed among the
Members on Monday.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT TIIE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, JUNE 14.
East Indian, 1/2—Namur and Liege, 31/2—Northern of
' France 12—Orleans and Bordeaux, 64—Paris and Stras-
bourg, 4%—West Flanders, 334.

HOUSE OF LORDS.-(THIS DAY.)
Their Lordships sat in a Committee for Privileges
today. The Peers in attendance were, the Lord Chan-
cellor, the Earl of Shaftesbury, Lord Brougham, the
Marquis of Bute, Viscount Strangford, the Earl of
Radnor, and Lord Sudeley.