The Sun.
London, England, 1841-04-15 00:00:00

ARN IN G EDITION

- . . . .
Now ready, in 3 vols. post Svo.,Nrith numerous illustrations
by Leech, &c.,
CIOLIN. 'CLIN,K.
By CHARLES HOOTON.
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lIMATRE ROYAL, COVEYE

U DEP. the 31.4. NAG f'IMEIVT of :MADAME
'1 Ills EVENING. APRIL 15 .

Will be repf.,afrd the New Comedy, in Five Acts, entitled

L()\ DoN_ ASSURANCE.
Sir Htveourt Courtly, Bart., Mr. W. Farren ; Max IL: I'k-
away, Mr. Bartley; Mr. Charles CcurCy, Mr. Anderson ;
Mr. Adolphus Spank,,r, Mt. Keeley; Mr. Dazzle, Nlr. C.
Alither;s; .t.l'erk 'Meddle, Mr. Harley ; Grace liarkaway,
Madame Vkstris; Lady Gay Spanker, Mrs. Niibett ; Mrs.
Pert, Mrs. numb,.
After %Aiikh mill be repeated, the Grand Romantic Fairy Ex-

•
tt avv•anza entitled

BEAUTY AND THE BEAST.

Beauty, Madame Vestris : The 13cast, :dr. W. Harrison ;
John Quill, Mr. Harley ; Drefsalinda, Miss Rainforth ; Mar-
ry;olda, Miss Grant; Queen of the Hoses, Miss Lee.
!'o-morrow. Lention Assurznoe, with Beaqty aed the Beast.
e cvnicti hail-iia,t StX—the verknlUMlCe, le
e,ommenea at :even o'Cioek.

tac,.4 ; Sect;nd Pric
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T 60-5 '411.1 Vine.;

3z. Gcl,

First ?nci

; Second Priee

for the 'noses to be taken of Mr. Grogan
fmel Tell till Fein, ‘rhere 'Season

111,:t-offi.
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Privlt,. Flort to he had solely o' :Ir. Aare bookseller,

N,'TV Tlon,!-Ftref,t.

()y,ll. SURVEY 'lIlEATilit.

UNDZ.B, THE MANMAIAIENT OF DAVIDGE

AND ma. wiLus JONES

Thrre New Pieces, supi or!ed by Mr. O. Sraith, Mr. J. S.
Falls, Mr. Hicks, and Mr. J. T. Haines, in addition to the
favourite'. scenery and apFointrnent*.

THIS F.Y1,1411:1G: APRIL 15,
Wlll be floe(' a New Legendary Drama, entitled
TOM MOORE OF FLEET-STREET ; 011,

THE STARLING OF THE OLD SA L0171"E HOUSE.
Tem Mo,re, Mr. J. S. Palls ; aril^elFn Stirn, Mr. 0. Smith.
After which, a Spectacle of Dialarie, called
APOLLYON, THE GREAT FIEND; OR, THE LOVE

TOKEN.
Apol:yon, Mr. 0. smith.
To conclude with a New Farce, entitled

THE UNIFOP,M; 011

, TWO MEN AND ONE COAT,

Characters by 'Messrs. J. S. 13all; J. T. Haines, Neville,
Iltadilngham, kicAlop, Hughes, Mrs. W. Daly, &c.
Entirely New Scenery and Dresses for ail Three Pieces.

" THE CHINA SUN,"
REPUBLISHED ON SATURDAY LAST,

IS NOW ON SALE,
With al i the LATEST NEWS.

THE RAILWAY SUN
MILL BE PUBLISHED
TOWARDS THE END OF THIS

MONTH.

111(“i w3TEr.. AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS _.'tl
11' ol,i1:4 LI Iniliutos after 8 I zuitiutes after 8

• ---xf

,

LONDON:
THURSDAY, APRIL 15, 1841.

The Times cbsarved yesterday :
A Chartered Bank in the United 'Statm appears to be
only a collusi; e designation for a nest of sviindlei.s. ,Vhat
Sir Peter Lpurie has recently laid bare, in reference to
the imposture.; tf the West Middlesex pickpockets, would
br pat'onitcd and dritnried in America by the viedtbier
citizens of the republ c. Joseph Adey, another everlasting
bare nf So. Poser's, sitculd emigrate immediately to New
v.i.(re, as tar as rk.,,ards the proper game of his
vkia not only find ru&titudes perishing for lack
of "anis', thing to their advantage," but discover various
reputst.lc tellow.tzaders who, if they be not over-jealous
cf superior adevts, %lilt at least welcome him as a conge-
ni;: associate. In the ILlted States, bankiog and bur-
glary seem to he eLtinguisl;cl from cech ether only by
c n.strurnents employed by their respective professors,—
charte7s sad ertra bars, as far as concerns the spoil they are
wort el for, scorn to be synon)mous tools.

We dispute not the justice of these severe re-
mat ks, and yet if our memory betray us not,
some transactions by Chartered Banks in Eng-
land within the last ten years would match any
of the proceedings of the American Banks. We
will cuotl two of the worst statements contained
in the Tikes, anti,,-rininding our readers of the
compara:.ively recent banking transactions at
Idary_7le.ster, Wolverhampton, and other places,
as ;yell es of the fraudulent con duct of many
privlLe Leellzerze, lea:,-cethem to decide whether
the Lave any reason to exult over the li-
. celnieue, di orderly, and unstable character et'
den,oefatieiri•stitittions
OE the Bark <f Vicksburg, tie report says, that it was
ergi.ciz,d-tiv'the payment of $lOO,OOO in the notes of the
Canal andlialAdrg Company of New Orleans : also $llO
to tiher, and $lO in gold. The notes were obtained trout
New Oileaus a.y a few individuals, and used by them it,
Payment e,f the first instalment of stock subscribed for by
them, a 11.1-2 e pcition•of which was in the names of otarA-
pertons,. As too,, as the first Board of Directors was or-
pan..zed, the notes of the tell stockholders, who arc mostly
di ectoi-s, were substittued for the notes of the Company
abeve .referred to. These bank-notes were depoti..ed in
the Commercial and Railroad Banit of Vicksburg, and were
inc:ur!ed among its' resources', and, in tact, reported as
spce'e to the Corrmiwioners in December, 1837. Thns a
new &ink was crcet•ed, and an old one enabled to make a
show of ten th:es as much speciLt as she recur possessed !
This Bank has -also v:olatcd her cl.arter by issuinr, notes to
more tnail Cl,Juble tte amount of the caps: al actually pai,l
ir. The Come itoners say,..-." The Conamereill end
Railroad fink cf Vicksburg is now told by the parent
Bank to t CLrc of hers' lf, in provicieg tae means cf
Sustaining her erz-dit.
the
tit
TOM M
BIGBEE RAILROAD COPANY7--The report rates,
that ia January, 1838, the circu.latiln v‘ou,
oo of. dbis Bark w,.,s
le .rly es g.-cat as the caiyital p?aol
the Dir.:erurs, Ming pres:ed for money, resortedpmer t'oatrie
',ll
following method to increase the capitaofßank.
Five of the Direr-VI; had their rotes
0(;)i.050" th.: un!ed'for
$15,096 each at thirty days, netting 617
et: Cr Urcetorr, a day or two aftrratards, had their four
note;
disc,unred Er similar amounts; thus increasing the capital
f the Bank $135.000, and forming a basis for more itsues,,
whichc-c made. The President cf the Bank also too.;
$90,000 of its notes and put them in circulation without
lion r being enured at aril upon tl-c books of the Wink,
end evert without the knowledge of the Cashier. These
uotis were used by the President to lessen his own liabi
lilies, cud loaned to the Directors jor the same purpose !
The last anti worst part of the quotation may
find an appropriate likeness within a short period,
even in the City of London, in the great na-
tional bank, which has for more than a century
enjoyed a monopoly of the power of getting
- hold of other nient3 property, which the Ame-
rican Banks struggle in vain to attain. Not
only can Preeidants and Directors here discount
their own hills, but they know beforehand when
measures are to be adopted to curtail or enlaieee
the currency ; and, being, merchants and dealers,
• they buy and .sell accordingly. In truth the
only apparent reason for our not being equallyshocked at our own practices as at .those of the
Americans, is their Kimiliarity. What can be
more monstrous than a private body, composed
of merchants, having the privilege to control the
currency of the empire at their pleasure? They
borrow, ad libitum, from the public without
paying any interest, and they lend the same
money to the Government, the agent of the
7s-L7-,Public, and charge a high rate of interest.
_ Such statements as those contained in the k-1.1 •
vnes, reflect our own deformities in the prac-
- of others, We learn at once, by seeing
'/ ~r contortions, the agonies of' being plucked;
we have so long submitted to the process, .
at they have grown customary, if not pleasant;
"4" '4"4‘--- and Mlle persOns even assert that we could no I
S

longer exist were the plucking to be discon-
tinued.
The statements of the Times, and the facts
that continually fall under our own observation,
are calculated, however, to awaken a spirit
of inquiry which will not. be satisfied by a
surface investigation. " Charters and crow-
bars," says our Contemporary, in a just spirit of
generalization, " as far as concerns the spoil
they are worked for, seem to be synonymous
tools." The remark seems to be true nearly of
all times and all places; and is as applicable to
College charters and charters of many learned
corporations as to charters for banks. Vie
may say that the Legislature is virtually a
chartered body, though it hare no written parch-
ment as the foundation of its privileges; but it
uses them to the same end as the American
bunks use their charters, and as burglars use
£9O their crowbars. We are willing, however, to
80 _

find an excuse for them in those new moral re-
lations to which -..ve adverted on Tuesday, and
of wi-4ich legislators are as unobservant and igno-
rant as other men. _

The command " Thou shalt not steal" is clear
and expressive, but it gives us no information as
to what belongs to ourselves and what belongs to
others. It may be suppose;] that we are endowed
.with nit intuitive perception of this ; but that
its to the ground, when we perceive
that, in the present state of society, what be-
longs to a man, such as his wages and his profits,
is really determined and settled by no other
6cri-
terion than the huckstering of the market. O
contrary indeed is this supposition from the fact,
that no inconsiderable number of 'philosophers
have asserted that property is altogether the
creature of positive legislation, and that the law-
maker settles and determines what belongs to
one man and what to another. The Legislature
acts in general on this maxim, and, believing that
it creates the right of property, it assumes the
power of appropriating, an immense part of the
national wealth according to its pleasure.
It is plain, .then, that the command " Thou
shalt not steal" has left us in ignorance of what
belongs to each; and the conduct of bankers in
ope, as well as tile conduct of

supposition i

Anierica and Eur

hiOier and more trusted classes, makes us con-
clude, that at present no knowledge is so neces-
sary as the knowledge of what justly belongs to
every individual. Nothing, we are sure, but
ignorance can cause those who call themselves
the conservators of the public morals, who make
laws to punish crimes, and who strenuously en-
force on the public observance the maxim we
have quoted, to continually violate it.

Time n

moral relations which continually come into ex.
istence are not known to them, and their ignor

ranee causes much of the wrong they do.

At tli

same time, as most ofthe disorders which pre
vail in society are connected with property, an(
. _

with violations of property, no knowledge is nov
so necessary as the knowledge of what truly be.

longs to each and every individual. It is clear?;

. _
commanded that one man is not to steal fron

another; but what belongs to each is not as
(l arty set forth; and hence it is that chartered
banks, endowed priests, and colleges of law-
makers, continually violate this great and clear

commar.d

Such is a sample, we think, of that more than
surface investigation to which the conduct of
those who are really the respectable classes of
society both in Europe and America gives rise.
We are forbidden by our limits to pursue the
subject now, and must content ourselves with one
additional remark. Since the division of labour
has become, so extensive that the huxtering of
the market determines and settles what shall be-

long to by far the greater number of persons
in society, why, let us ask, should it not,
undisturbed by legislation, determine what

is to belong to all ? Why should not the wages
of the parson, and the rent of the landlord, un-
influenced by a positive law, be e::elusively deter-
mined by the huckstering of the market as well

as the wages of the handloom weaver ? We, at
least, cannot recognise either the propriety or
the justice of passing laws to bestow a certain
quantum of property on these classes, while
the same laws sternly tell the labouring classes
to trust to the huckstering of the market for
settling the amount of their wages. One princi-
ple or the other should be followed throughout,
and as long as the State endows the priests and.
keeps up rent by zi tax, the labourers will be
justified in demanding that a law should secure
for them ample wages.

The Times yesterday had some excellent re-
marks on the mode in which legislators experi-
ment on the human race. We beg to quote a

specimen :

Experimental philosopbcrs are proverbial fir their in-
difference to the ordinary feelings of humanity. Most
persons have heard of the French physician, who
inoculated his Turkish patients with the plague to
ascertain whether that disease might so be commu-
nicated ; and it would 'be easy to mention other
cases, in wbich individuals have indulged a similar
curiosity at the expense of their fellow-men, and,
for so doing, have been visited with very general censure.
But at length, in the present enlightened age, prejudice of
every hind is fast disappearing ; and while science marches
on with a more fearless and unhesitating step, the foible
humanity is almost brow-beaten out of the field.
Experimental philosophy, as it formerly advanced in its
researches from rabbits to men, has now advanced from men
to na•. ions ; and, no Longo contented with studying the fib-res
and art( ries of animal bodies, has extended its researches
to the finer mechanism and more subtle organization of
those vat moral interests which constitute political so-
ciety. Laws of the most comprehensive nature, involving
the happiness of millions, are passed by Parliament
avoweolly as experiments ; philosophers are selected, from
the nes•l)-urfatcd deprrtarcnt of science, to conduct the
interesting process, with a carte blanche to v.sry the in
strurrerits, the mode, and the mechanism of invest;ga-
tion, as often and as widely as they think proper; and
instead of etti, horses, or dogs, the poor people of
GI est Bii.a n are made the suljects cf their operations.

After an exclusive application of these princi-
ples to the Pcor-law, the Times turns round and
applie4 them to the landed gentlemen. It says—
To take a c3ifferent : the gentlemen to whom we ap-
peal cannot be ignorant that there is a large school of poli-
ticians (a:id, we suspect, the Poor law Commissioners and
their entire sect among the number), who consider the pre-
sent system of Corn-laws to be at least as capital and mis-
chievous an. abuse as the old system of poor-laws ever
wa'. The arguments which they advance for their doc-
trine are infinitely stronger than any which could be
brought forward against the old Poor-lax. At least,
they say, let the experiment be tried, let it he seen whe-
ther the interests of all may not be sufficiently protected
by a modification cf the present law. An entire repoal,
they agree, would be most desirable, aed most beneficial
in the main, Even if all the landowners were to be sacri-
ficed in the transition; but if tie Legislature is not pre-
pared fir this, let us have (they repeat) the experiment
on a smaller scale, and we will see how it works.

Nov, how do the landed gentry, who areoj so very ready
se potohr., to make painful experiments in the person
an-
steer this? They refute flitly. Way ? Because
ex-
periment might be painful or dangerous, either di-ectlisyo
ions consequences, to theanelv s. In: this case they fe2
plainly enouo the cruelty,the •
they consider it) of i,.f1,c.t7 ' _lrjusttee, the robl cry (as
hollow pretence of those ‘lorlai
gothsunermg upon the members of
one tliss for the tenefit'
eemthtrooucgohimtnhiet
themselves to priuciplesund weieruldst—indthtlecye tshe
they exclaim against the smult.r.sittiamil infatuation oa
tf i experiments,o n
of
legislating an d
eityerimentaity upon the
experiment, to those who
as that
otal-A interrsts of the
nation. The trunitric.tl proportionra of these gentlemen
who ini.4lit suffer by a Corn_law
do suffer by the present Pco.-law
of taizs to thousands ; and a poor man has egnuti, is
great
a capacity cf suffetiag as any Baronet or-loekeas Oh 1
that we could either see ourselves as others see us, lock
i
upon others with as much tenderness as we d'scover for
ourselves!
There is only cane small error, we think, in the
last passage. The Times represents the landlords
as resisting the painful experiment of abolishing
the Corn-laws, when the fact is, that the Corn-
laws are the painful experiment by which the
landlords are testing the patience of the people,
and their capacity of suffering-. The landlords,
instead of being the victims of an experiment,
are the experimental philosophers. The starv-
ing labourers are the " li%;ely fowls" mentioned by
our Contemporary, wandering about with the
molten lead of hunger poured into their stomachs.
by the experimenting landlords. They arc the
" unhappy dogs" whose 'brains are partially
removed by the process of vivisection, in
order that the landlords may learn how
men are in dying, and how they ru -tgg el' s to pre-
serve as long as possible a pained
and
wretched
exis.tence. For the many striking illustrations of
suffering inflicted on the people by
the experi-
menting landlords the publicwill
the Times, and perhaps will come to the conclu-
sion that if these
experimentalists were made to
suffer some of the torture they inflict the result
might be beneficial to humanity:
Whatever the landlords may think, we be- i
i
lieve they' - will be- Mistakenf ' they expect I