The Sun.
London, England, 1840-05-08 00:00:00

rate is to be abolished. That both cannot long
co-exist appears to us as clear as it is possible for
any pioposition to be. What is a Church, calling,
itself national, if it is hated or despised by the na-
tion ? How long, we beg to be informed, will it be
able to stand against popular hostility excited
against it, not through any sudden caprice of the
mob, but from the daily recurring evidence fur-
nished by itself that it is founded in tyranny and
supported by injustice and oppression ?
Let not the Church and its abettors rely too much
on its power and its influence. Let them not ima-
gine that because it has survived other shocks,
there is no danger in Church-rate agitation. This
would be a fatal mistake. -The Church, we are
ready to admit, has at all times pressed heavily
upon the people, but the pressure has been in a
great measure indirect, and therefore the reaction
has been less vigorcus and less formidable than it
would otherwise have been. In the matter of
Church-rates, the Church comes into direct collision
with the people. There is nothing to intercept
and mitigate the scorching glare of ecclesiastical
tyranny--•-no intervening medium by passing throur4h
which covetousness and injustice may be disguised,
and made to assume a less revolting appearace. The
" nefarious exaction" comes into actual contact with
the pockets as well as with the feelings of the people.
The ecclesiastical pistol is presented without cere-
mony to- the head of the Chartist as well as of the
Dissenter. "Deliver your money, or you're a dead
man," is the language of the Church of the Apos-
tles, when she makes provision for celebrating the
holiest rite of the Christian religion. Robbery
and plunder are avowed and exhibited in their most
disgusting forms.
Now, we say again that a system of this kind,
keeping perpetually as it does before the public
eye its want of principle, its gross iniquity, its
awfully cruel and vindictive spirit, cannot in the
nature of things exist long. And if our readers
will peruse the report, in another part of our paper,
of a sale of goods seized for Church-rates, which
took place on Tuesday last, at Leicester, they will,
we think, agree with us -in this opinion. In the
proceedings which are there detailed—and they are
only the type of other proceedings which must
follow in many other places—the Church may read
an important lesson. She will there see how the
masses stand affected toward her, what their
sentiments are as to the course she is pursuing,
and may receive a warning which, to be of any use
to her, must be acted upon without delay.

Letters from Constantinople of the 15th, and
Alexandria of the 21st ult., represent MEIIENIET
ALI as determined not to yield an inch of his claims
to the dictation of the Euto pear Powers. This
will bring the settlement of the question to a speedy
issue, if the PAciTA be indeed mad enough to
persevere in his present resolution. France has all
hut come over to the side of England, so that the
VICEROY has now no ally upon whom to depend
for assistance.

All the Ambassadors at the Porte had been in-
vited by the SULTAN to visit his new Palace at
Tcharagon. His Highness made a speech of wel-
tome on the occasion, to which Lord PONSONBY,
in the name of his colleagues, returned an answer.
An entertainment was provided, which was ushered
in according to the etiquette of the Sublime Porte, in
the days of its glory, " Let the infidels be washed,
clothed, and fed ;" and to which their Excellencies
and their suites did justice. On this occasion no
political topic was mooted.
The news from Circassia is important. The
gallant mountaineers had expelled the Russians
from every fortress in their country but Anapa.
Great was the consternation in consequence at St.
Petersburgh, and mighty the military preparations
at Odessa. The Russian officers were dreadfully
alarmed, and the General in command had peti-
tioned the EMPEROR for an inquiry into his con
duct, fearing that without one he might be sent on
his travels to Siberia.

The Madrid Journals received are of the 29th
ult. A new convention, on the basis of the Ber-
gara Treaty, was proposed by ESPARTERO to the
Government, and was under discussion in the
Council of Ministers. No doubt of its adoption
was entertained. The present campaign was ex-
pected to crush every germ of the rebellion
Letters from Tolosa of the 2d inst., state that
on the 29th ult. fol ty-eight Carlist officers crossed
the frontier from France to unfurl the standard of
Don CArtLos in the Basques. The peasantry de-
nounced them the moment they made their ap-
pearance. Seven were taken before they could
re-cross the frontier, and almost instantly and
without trial shot One of the miserable men
wore the uniform of a field officer.
i This is deci-
sive as to the state of public feeling n the Bas lues.

German and Brussels papers have been received
this morning. The following extracts from them
contain all the news they bring of any interest
GOTTINGEN, A ?MI. 28. —Dr. Schaumaan, of Hanover,
has to-day been elected Deputy for the town of Gottingan,
by a majority of the 33 electors. He had twenty votes.
He is considered to be a zealous partisan of the Constitu-
tion of 1833, and this may be the reason of his being
elected, as the majority of the electors, in order to hinder
an election by the minority—viz., by absenting themselves
—rather voted for a person favourable to the constitution.
It is hoped that Dr. Schaurnann will accept.
It is reported that three of the seven professors, viz.,
Albrecht and the two brothers, Grimm, will probably
return to this University, there being no reluctance to bury
the past in oblivion, and to re-iustato them as soon as an
opportunity offers. Whether these three gentlemen will
think fit to separate their fortunes from those of their col-
leagues, is another question.

(;lIRISTIANA, APRIL 23.—The extraordinary grant
voted for the Navy (besides the ordinary grant) is, for the
years 1840, 41, 42, 763,132 specie dollars. Twenty-
three new gun-boats, two bomb vessels, arc to be built,
and a frigate_ of 48 guns to be begun.
Si. FETERqiIIIRG, APRIL 25.--The Directors of the St.
Petersburg Pawning Establishment (the Monte de Picte)
has decided on a measure which is to take effect on the Ist
of July this year, and which is one of the most salutary
regulations of our times. From the above mentioned day
no articles of clothing, linen, furs, or, in short, any thing
of the kind, shall be received in pawn. Every person
will see the paternal solicitude and the humanity mani-
fested by this regulation who is acquainted with the man.
ners of our lower-classes, who has witnessed before and
during the holidays how they bring many useful, nay indis-
pensable articles to pawn, in order, very frequently, to
spend the proceeds in rioting and drunkenness.
BERLIN, MAY 3 —lt has been reported here, for these
two days, that the differences between eur Government
and some prelates of the Romish Church, on the subject of
mixed marriages, arc settled, and that Archbishop Dunin
will, in a few days, be permitted to go to his diocese.
Letters from St. Petersburg's say nothing certain re-
specting the journey of the Empress, but they positively
contradict the report of the Emperor's intention to visit
Germany; they mention the unpleasant sensation caused
by the unfavourable news from Circassia, which calls
to mind a letter received in February, from an officer
of high rank, who said that it would be a grievoui
mistake to indulge in a hope that the courage of the moun-
taineers had been depressed by the last campaign ; that,
on the contrary, they appeared to have been enabled by
their own exertions and ' foreign assistance, to act on
the offensive. This observation has been but too soon
proved true, by the prudence and energy displayed in the
capture of the fort of Sudscha, which was defended by a
strong park of heavy artillery. Among the garrisons
who have been sold as slaves are several young volunteers
of respectable, and two of very distinguished families.
Great anxiety is of course felt respecting the fate of these
unfortunate individuals.
BRUSSELS, MAY 6.—The average price of wheat last
week was 23f. 75c., and that of Rye Mt 37c. The
price of rye having risen above 15f., that grain, as well as
wheat, may he imported duly free, and the exportation of
both remains prohibited.
VIRNNA, APRIL 28.--The Court will go to Schonbrunn
in the second week of May, and afterwards the Empercr
will go to Presburgh, to close the Hanoverian Diet. The
Archduke Charles, before be goes to Heilburgh, his
country seat, near Baden,
will
.make a tour in Hungary,
to visit his estates in that kingdom.

The Sugar question, instead of being one of the
sweetest that could occupy the French Chamber of
Deputies, seems gall and wormwood in the mouths
of the rational representatives. The debate on
the Sugar Bill, as we stated yesterday, commenced
on Tuesday, and continued on Wednesday ; the
advocates of the beet-root sugar growers lustily
crying out for protection as necessary to their exist-
ence, while on the other hand the supporters of
the colonists stoutly contended for the principle of
free trade, .maintaining that colonial sugar was the
mainstay of French commerce, and the nurse of
the French navy. On both sides of the House the
conduct of the Government, in not corning forward
with some final measure, Was complained of ; to
which M. THIERS answered, that the Chamber
must first decide whether the beet• root growers were,
or were not, to receive protection, before the Govern.
ment could fix 1111 V amount of duty. France never
committed a greater. blunder than in promoting bylaw
the cultivation of the beet-root. The French beet-
root ffrowers have now enjoyed nearly twenty years
legal protection at the expense of the Colonies and
the home consumers, and after appropriating for
the cultivation of the root the finest tracts of

country in the north of France, to the great dimi-
nution of corn and cattle, they now tell the Chamber
that they cannot compete with the Colonial sugar
grow'rs unless, in addition to the expense of freight,
harbour-dues, &c., to which the Colonist is subject,
a duty of fifteen francs per hundred kilogrammes
be imposed on Colonial sugars, over and above all
charges upon beetroot produce ! This is worse
than the Corn-law abomination, inasmuch as the
Colonists, whose interests have been thus sacrificed,
ate French subjects.
There is nothing about the Sulphur question in
the Paris Journals.
Mr. LOFTUS OTWAY, Secretary of Legation at
the. Court of Madrid, has arrived at Paris.
The capture of the Mora, on the Ebro, is one of the
most important events of the campaign.
The great importance of Mora to the CarlistA consisted
in making them masters of the ford of the Ebro, so that
they could go backwards and forwards from Arragon to
Catalonia. It was by this way that Balmaceda, after
having given assistance to &.gura, returned to Arragon.
It is by this way that the Catalonian bands come to join
the army of Cabrera. If the Christinos fortify them-
selves on this point, the Carlist armies in Catalonia and
Arragon will be separated from each other.—/-e Conti-
tutionnel.

Letters from Algiers inform us that there is a great
coolness between Marshal Vallee and the Duke of Or-
leans. The Prince wished to accompany the expedition
to the Fondouc, but the Marshal would not consent to it.

The colonists did not expect any decisive result from
the campaign which the Governor-General is about to
command; and the army has no confidence in its com-
mander, whom it considers as the systematic enemy of the
colony, and the best auxiliary of the Arabs. The Vantour
and Acheron steamboats left Toulon for Algiers on the 2d
and 4th of May. No packet is announced as having ar-
rived at Toulon with news fr ,m Algiers later than the 26th
April. According to the Toulonnais, the loss which the
Government sustains by the evacuation of the camp of the
Arbnh is estimated at 500,000 francs. It is supposed that
the loss of the farms protected by that camp will be
more than double that sum.—Le Commerce.

BOURSE.....PAEIS, WEDNESDAY, MAY 6.

First Highest Lowest East
Price Price. Price. Price
tench 5 per Cents ll4 15 ... 114 25 .., 114 10 ... 114 15
436 per Cents lO5 .., 105 ... 104 20 ... 101 20
3 per Cents B4 50 . SO GO ... 81 50 ... 94 50
Rank of trance 3390 ...3:795 ...339U ...:1':-9.4
Lattittc Bank I,ooof. .Sn llOO —llOO ...1100 ...11 11
5,000 f. Sh 5`.'.01 '...5200 ...5200 ..5200
Bolgian flank 92 50 ... 90') ... 902 50 ... 902 50
5 per Cents 10334 ... 10:34 ... 10314 ... 103%
3 per Cents ' 74 10 ... 71 10 ... 74 10 ... 74 10
united States Bank Loan 9734 ... 9734 ... ti 7 i,c, ... 973 Q
ihitch 214 per Cents 54% ... 515.;, • ... 5434 ... 5444
Spanish Active 29% ... 29% ... 29 ... 21)
Passive 7% ... 7% ... 7% ... 7%
Portuguese 3 per Cents 24,2 ... 24 st. ... 24* ... 2134
Neapolitan lO4 15 ... 101 40 ... 104 15 ... 104 40
Roman 10234 ... 102% ... 112% ... 11)21
RAILWAY SHARES,

St. Germain
Versailles. 11. B 592 50 ... 592 50 ... 590 ... SJO
LB 392 50 ... :92 50 ... 391 25 ... 392 50
Orleans .. 5ll 25 ... 511 25 ... 511 25 ... 511 25
Strasburg to Bale 417 50 ... 417 50 ... 4i2 Si) ... 412 50
11ELGI A N k UNDS—BaussEt.s, MAY O.
Actual Deist, '4; per Cent.
Itothschild's Loan, 5 per Cent iii
Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent.
-------- 3 per Cent. 73%
Loan of City, 1832, 4 per Cent _
Society of Commerce, 4 S per Cer. llOl4
Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent kii',i
National Society
Exchange on London (short)
—Brussels Papers, May 6.
AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—VIENNA, APRIL 23.
Five per Costs. Metalliques - lOB%
Four per Cents.... lOl
Three per Cents.
Bank Shares 1833
...411goncine Zeitung. May 2
HAMBURG BORSENHALLE, MAY 5.
Bills. Money.
Austrian 5 per Cents.
Bank Shares lt
Ando-Russian Loan lO9 !MN
Bassi :n 5 per Cent. Ist series, Certificate
Inscription, Ist Series 103%
Russian 5 per Cent. Hope and Co. 3d and 4th
SerLs — 90%
Ditto in Certificates
Dutch Actual Debt, 254 per Cent. 5ll, 51;6
Ditto 5 per Cent 9B -
l'ol i.sh Bonds
New ticket
Anglo- Owlish loan, 3 per Cent 75% 751,6
Norwegian Loan, 1831, 4 per Cent...
Spanish. New 3 per Cents. 21%
EXCHANGES ON LONDON.
lissiatinc, Mar 5.-13. 514—Two months, 13 4.
STOCKHOLM, APRIL 53.—Seventy-five days, 11. 45.
CH RISTIANIA. APRIL. 25.--Threc months, 4 104.
Birusixts, APRIL 58.—Two months, 610.

LINE OF COMMUNICATION
BETWEEN LONDON AND DUBLIN.

We give the following extracts from the Report of
the Commissioners appointed to ascertain the preferable
lines of communication between London and Dublin.
It is a document of great importance, and cannot fail to
be looked to with interest by the inhabitants of the two
countries. We shall, therefore, give the whole or the
greater portion of it to-morrow. It will be seen from
the extracts that the Holyhead line is preferred. The
Appendix also contains some valuable reports, particu-
larly one on the harbour of Holyhead, by Mr. James
Gordon, and Capt. Beechey, which will also be pub-
lished in The Sun,

The Report of the Naval Committee is so decidedly
in favour of Holyhead, that it is unnecessary to put
the parties in question to the expense of preparing the
drawings, &c. we have alluded to, because, although we
are, for want of this minute information, not in a situation
to state which of the two lines would be preferred—seeing
that the advantages and disadvantages are nearly balanced
—we yet are enabled distinctly to say that there is no me-
chanical or statistical superiority, in one line over the other,
that could turn the scale against either harbour that might
be considered the most advantageous for the picket station.
The result of our inquiries may now be briefly summed up.
Holyhead being selected as the port for the Dublin
packets, we are of opinion that the best line of railway for
the communication between London and Dublin is that
proposed by Mr. George Stephenson, namely, by Chester
and Bangor to Holyhead.
Having described the principal features of the three com-
peting lines from London to Portynllacn, it will be ob-
vious that as regards the extent of new railway to be
f')rmed, the facility and economy of construction, and the
time to be employed in the work, the preference should be
given to the route by Chester, Bangor, and Caernarvon ;
and it will be seen by the following tables, that with the
single exception of time to be expended in the journey, in
which the advantage would be decidedly in favour of the
Worcester line, all the tested properties are in favour of
that by Chester, Bangor, and Carnarvon.

TABLE (A) shows the length of line already formed, the
length of line in progress, the length remaining to be formed,
and the total distance between London and Portdynllaen.

(Those marked * have been formed; 4- in progreSs;TiO be
formed.)
LONDON, CHESTER, AND PORTDYNLLAEN.

Miles. Ch.
*London to Crewe 165 49
1-Crewe to Chester
t Chester to Porttlynllaen

Total..

274 76

LONDON, RIIREWSBURV, AND PORTDYNI.LAEN.
*London to Wolverhampton
t Wolverhampton to Shrewsbury 3l 40
t Shrew•sbury to Portdynllaen

Total..

••••••• •••,••• 272 40

LoNnox, ozronn, WORCESTER, AND rOATDYNLLAEN.
''London to Dudcote
Dudeote to Oxford...

Oxford to Worcester . 56 70
tWon:eater to Newtown
Newtown to the junction with Mr. Vignoles's line,
near Dolgelly ...
Pin Vignoles's line, from the junction near Dolgelly
to Portdynllaen

Total..

260 40

If Portdynllaen had been considered the preferable sta-
tion for the packets we should have recommended that
the railway should be formed from Chester by Bangor and
Carnarvon to Portdynllaen. In either case the line of
railway might be completed in about three years from the
period of its commencement.
We cannot close this Report without observing that
frbm the favourable nature of the country for a railway
from the Great Western at Dudcot to Oxford, and thence
to Worcester, and from the skilful manner in which it is
proposed to extend the line to the last named city, we
are of opinion that at no distant period this project will
be carried into effect.

This line would take from Oxford nearly a central
course between the Birmingham and Great Western
lines, and afford railway accommodation to a distance
which cannot derive much advantage frcm ony other line.
This coavenience would extend even to Worcester, not-
withstanding that the Birmingham and Gloucester Rail-
way will pass at no great distance ; for the length of the
journey from London round by Birmingham will be at
least 138 miles, whereas by the projected line through
Oxford to Worcester, it would only be 118 miles_a dif-
ference of 20 miles in favour of the latter; and taking into
account the greater average speed of the Great Western,
there can be no doubt that at least one hour in time would
he gained between London and Worcester, and the travel-
ler would save from ss. to Gs. in his fare.
In cases of emergency alas, a much higher speed is, un-
questionably, attainable on lines of this construction, than
on those of the more usual gauge.
In conclusion, we have only to state that the continua-
tion of the railway to Tenbury and Ludlow would not be
prevented by any difficulties of construction, and if future
researches should lead to the cli3covcil of an easy passage
through the mountains, the line may be eventually ex-
tended to the Welch coast.

MEN OF UNEASY CONSCIENCES.—In ali ages it has
been observed, that great criminals have been solicitous
to obtain the consolations which the priesthood can be-
stow. The tyrant Phillip IL, though he devastated
the Netherlands, was, a so called, most religious Mo-
narch ; Louis XIV., who sanctioned the conflagration
of the Palatinate, and the revocation of the Edict of
Nantes, found consolation at the hands of his confessor.
e are not quite sure that the good old King George
111., and his not goOd young successor, the dandy of
sixty, did nut find comfort under such calamities as the
American war, and the Queen's trial, whch were the
offspring mainly of their vices in the ghostly admoni-
tions of the Clerks of the Closet. It is quite certain
that such admonition is used to give comfort to the cri-
minal at the gallows, who frequently goes out of the
world rejoicing at the coming of that kingdom into
which the hangman is to introduce him. An-
other fact is that our upper and middle classes aro great
Church-goers ; they anxiously seek that comfort which
is so unspeakable to the criminal at the Coot of the
gallows. We hope that they do not want it from an-
,