The Sun.
London, England, 1847-04-14 00:00:00

WEDNESDAY EVENIN_Cy, APRIL 14, 1847.

him away!' even from Norley's backers, were prevalent,
still the Manchester men indignantly refused to sur-
render. It was now, ever, from the surprising fresh-
ness of the younger man, a mere question of time, and
the 68th round closed by Norley being fought down for
the tenth or fifteenth time successively; accordingly
M'Donald, though sorely against the brave fellows will,
threw up the sponge, as the signal of surrender, and
with the 105th minute brought the fight to a close, by
hailing Massey
.as the victor. Norley was taken on
board the bolt, while so little was Massey fatigued or
injured that he sat down beside the ring to witness the
second battle, between—

,
SNACKS AND GREENWOOD.—These heroes next made
their salaams, to contend for 10 sovs. aside ; it was a
droll affair ; Snacks, who is an old one, and in his later
Oa) s was defeated by Massey (then a boy),
was pitted
against Greenwood, a loose-made youth of 20. The
Let ds loan is a tubby, Dutch-built little fellow, and
findir,g lung-bowls and long-staying inconvenient, rattled
in wildly, and so pegged away at his slender foeman,
that at the end of 39 minutes the stumpy one was de-
clared the conqueror : twenty-three rounds were fought.
Up was less select than that on the downward passage.
On arriving at Blackwall, a monster train conveyed the
denizens of East and West London to Fenchurch-street,
and thence, per cab, bus, or Adam's own carriage, the
ten-toed machines, to their domiciles. Massey arrived
the same evening at Jem Burns' in tip-top spirits, and
Norley, whose spirit was more depressed by defeat than
personal scathe, repaired to Dismore's. The winner has
now gained 19 battles in succession, with the one ex-
ception of that with Young Reed, lost through an error
in judgment on his own part. We hear that a handsome
subscription was made for the losing man.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.
PORTSMOUTH, APRIL 13.—The St. Vincent, 120,
Captain Milne, was removed from the basin this morn-
ing to her usual moorings off Stony-steps, Gosport,
where she will complete for sea alongside her hulk.
The Thetis, 36, Captain Codrington, C. 8., was docked
this morning to have her bottom examined and repaired.
The Myrtle steam-tender, Second-Master Commander
Balliston, left yesterday afternoon for Plymouth with
supernumeraries. _

The African steam-tug (which arrived here yesterday
from Sheerness to do the duty of the Echo while the
latter is under repair at Woolwich), and the Drake
lighter (the former having Mr. C. P. Bellamy, the
Assistant-Master Attendant, and a body of dockyard
riggers on board), proceeded this afternoon to the scene
of the wreck of the Sphynx, at Brook, Isle of Wight, to
get up that vessel's guns and some of her machinery,
thrown overboard when she was ashore.

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, APRIL I.—MODEL KITCHEN.—M. Soyer
re-opened his model kitchen yesterday, at the special
desire of several charitable ladies, who were anxious to
attend and serve the poor, in the hope of finally dispel-
ling any remaining prejudice on their parts against the
food. The price of tickets of admission was 55., to be
given in charity. The Ladies Ponsonby, Mrs. P. Digges
L.teuche and her three amiable and beautiful daughters,
Sir John Ormsby Vandeleur and Lady Vandeleur, Sir
Thomas Deane, Mrs. Captain Williams, &c., remained
fur upwards of two hours with their own hands distri-
buting food to the poor, of whom upwards of three thou-
sand were relieved. The fish-food, against which the
Rollan Catholics of this country are so blindly prejudiced,
was, where the option was given, almost invariably pre-
ferred to the other descriptions. In the speculations of
Parliamentary Commissioners respecting the neglected
state of Irish fisheries, the fact has rarely appeared,
that the lower orders of the people have hardly
ever eaten fish when they could procure potatoes and
milk, or even salt ; hence the main cause of the failures
in the purely Roman Catholic districts. Now, there is
every reason to hope that this prejudice will be dispelled,
and the great desideratum of markets for fish attained.
There is a never-failing supply of fish on our coasts, and
when the fisherman is reasonably sure of a sale for his
produce he will exert all his energies to increase it.
DINNER TO M. SOYER.—Last evening a number of
gentlemen, admirers of M. Soyer's philanthropic exer-
tions to improve and economise the food of the people
of this country, entertained him at dinner in the Free-
masons' Hall, College-green. Thomas M. Gresham,
Esq., filled the chair. About 40 sat down to a sumptu-
ous entertainment, and in the course of the evening a re-
markably handsome and valuable snuff-box, with a suitable
inscription, was presented to M. :Soyer. In acknowledg-
ing the toast of his health he delivered a feeling and
clever address, expressive of his gratitude for the cordial
way he was received on his arrival in this country, and the
hearty co-operation of, he might say, all classes. He
was himself rejoiced in the success of his plans, not so
much for the éclat it would attach to his humble name,
but for the invaluable advantages the poor of Ireland
would derive from their adoption. True, he had been
subjected to badinage and some rather severe strictures;
but he had no reason to complain of those whom he failed
to convert to his system. He did not despair, however,
and he felt satisfied that if they only honoured him with
a fair trial, all would agree that he bad shown how to
improve and economise the food of the people.
M. Soyer leaves town to-day.
MORE BLOODSHED IN CraaE.--On Wednesday last
Mr. H. Carmody, agent to Mrs. Dwyer, of Knockatanty,
county Clare, when on his way to Killaloe, to enter pro-
cesses at the sessions there against defaulting tenants,
was fired at and dreadfully wounded. The sufferer since
lies in a hopeless state. The police from Kilkishen were
promptly on the spot, but although the dreadful outrage
took place about ten o'clock A. 31., not the slightest trace
of the perpetrators could be obtained. There were two
persons walking with Mr. Carmody at the time, both of
whom were also wounded.
M. Jullien's benefit came off last night at the Music
Hall, and from the serious row which occurred on the
previous evening, fears were entertained for the result
in more respects than one. A party was formed of
young men, who went to the theatre expressly for the
purpose of inflicting chastisement on the person of our
great polka harmonist, for the insult which he had passed
upon the house by calling them a " sixpenny mob," in
addition to his ungracious refusal to allow M. Pischek to
gratify the audience with an encore of one of his songs; at
all events the undoubted Pulkaist had last night to en-
counter a very much irritated and offended public, so
that it was a matter of some interest to learn how the
affair ended. We are happy to say that M. Jullien took
the course which calm reflection must naturally have
suggested, and came forward at once with an apology
and some soothing expressions, not less effective for
the foreign accent in which they were delivered, which
luckily had the effect of diverting the storm that
lowered and seemed ready to burst upon his devoted
head. The audience, however, exacted an encore of
almost everything to signalise their triumph. A swift
obedience met all their wishes, and thus the " Maestro"
and the Dublin Promenade Concert-goers are again " in
tui,e" with each other. We are sorry to say, however,
that some orange-peels, and even rotten eggs, were
aimed at the atoning bealiciare, and with such precision
as to cause them to tell severely upon his dress.
This outbreak of petulance, however, he bore in good
humour, and it is to be hoped that nothing that has oc-
curred
agreeablerredsh visits.allprevet us_ being often favoured with his
very
One of our distillers is said to be preparing his esta-
blishinent to distil from mula.sses.

The flag of almost every European nation now floats
in Limerick Harbour, wh►ch is densely crowded with
shipping. To show the increase above former years, the
lighthouse duties paid at the Custom house within twelve
weeks amounts to 7491. 10s. 6d.; in the corresponding
period of last year it was short of 2001,
The passengers on the Tralee coach to Limerick, on
Wednesday, were shocked at seeing a young man lying
dead ou the road, near Castkisland. He died of starva-
tion.

The potatoes growing about Limerick and Dublin
have no appearance of disease.
On Thursday morning an engine of the Limerick
and Waterford Railway made the first trial over the
line as far as Ballysimm, at the spoed of 35 miles an
hour.

A private soldier of the 67th, in Cork Barracks, was
reproved at parade by Captain Bunbury, for being im-
propery dressed. The private, whose name is Taylor,
was directed to appear before his sergeant subsequently
properly dressed. He did so, and was dismissed. About
six in the evnning, Taylor, fully accoutred, appeared
in the barrack-square and inquired for the sergeant, that
his officer might see he was properly attired. Not seeing
the sergeant, he attached a string to his foot, which was
fastened to the trigger of his musket, and discharged
it, the ball taking off the ring finger of his right hand.
The object was stated to be self-mutilation, or an at-
tempt on the life of Captain Bunbury.
The weather has become again calm, but continues
very wet. It is rather a backward spring, but by no
means an unfavourable one for the country.
The following are elected Governors and Directors of
the Bank of Ireland for the ensuing year:—Governor—
George Frederick Brooke. Deputy-Governor—James
Jameson. Directors—John Barlow, John Barton, Na-
thaniel Callwell, Richard Cane, James Chambers,
Thorns Crostwhait, Isaac Matthew D'Olier, James Fer-
rivr, Hans Blackwood Hamilton, Sir John Kingston
James, Thomas Kt-11y, Samuel Law, John M‘Donnell,
Henry Roe, Thomas Wilson, Esqs.

RELATIONS OF THE UNITED
STATES WITH JAPAN.
The New York Herald publishes the following official
report of the Commander of the late expedition to
Japan :

United States ship Columbus, off the coast of

Japan, July 31, 1846.
Sir,—This ship and the Vincennes sailed from the
Chusan islands on the 7th instant. As your instructions
direct me to ascertain if the ports of Japan are accessible,
I proceeded, upon leaving the coast of China, towards
the coast of Japan.

The Japanese, as you know, have always been more
rigid in the exclusion of foreigners than even the Chi-
nese. The only Europeans admitted to trade are the

Dutch, from Batavia; and their trade is confined to a
single port, and limited to one annual ship. By the
laws of Japan, foreign ships are not permitted to anchor
in any port of the empire, except that of Nagasaki.
Any attempt to penetrate Japan made at that port would
be sure to encounter the hostility of the Dutch, whose
exertions have hitherto been successful against every
attempt to disturb their monopoly. The Japanese
officers at Nagasaki are without authority to treat with
foreign officers; they could not accede to any proposi•
Lions; they could only transmit them to the seat of Go-
vernment at Yeddo. The distance between Yeddo and
Nagasaki is 345 leagues, and the journey between them
is "usually performed in seven weeks," according to a
work on Japan, published at New York in 1841. I con
eluded, therefore, to proceed direct to the bay of Yeddo,
where I anchored on the 20th instant, the Vincennes in
company.
Before reaching the anchorage, an officer with a Dutch
interpreter came on board. Lie inquired what was my
object in coming to Japan. I answered, that I came as a
friend, to ascertain whether Japan had, like China,
opened her ports to foreign trade, and, if she had, to
fix by treaty the conditions on which American vessels
should trade with Japan. He requested me to commit
this answer to writing, and I gave him a written paper,
a copy of which is herewith transmitted. He informed
me that any supplies I might require would be furnished
by the Government. To my inquiry, whether I would
be allowed to go on shore, he replied in the negative.
lie objected to our boats passing between this ship and
the Vincennes ; but as I insisted upon it, he yielded.
Upon anchoring, the ship was surrounded by a vast
number of boats belonging to the Government. The
ship was soon thronged with Japanese. I permitted
hem to come on board in large numbers, that all might
be convinced of our friendly disposition, as well as of
our ability, in any event, to take care of ourselves.
On the following morning an officer, apparently of
higher rank, came on board. He stated that foreign
ships, upon entering a port of Japan, always landed their
guns, muskets, swords, &c. I told him it was impossible
for us to do so, that trading vessels only could be ex-
pected to do so ; and I assured him that we were peace-
ably disposed, so long as they were peaceably disposed.
He informed me that my written paper of the preceding
day had been transmitted to the Emperor, who was at
some distance from Yeddo, and that an answer would be
received in five or six days. I asked him why we were
surrounded by boats, and he replied that they might be
ready in case we wanted them to tow the ship. This, of
course, was not true ; the object, of course, being to
prevent our communicating with the shore. When our
boats were sent to sound at some distance from the ship,
Japanese boats followed them, without, however, molest-
ing them. During our whole stay these boats continued
about the ship. I had on board copies in Chinese of the
French, English, and American treaties with China. I
offered these treaties to the Japanese officer, who de-
clined receiving them, saying that he could not receive
them without the permission of his Emperor. I offered
those treaties subsequently to other Japanese officers,
who in like manner declined to receive them.
It is worth while, perhaps, to mention that, on the
first day, the Japanese undertook to water the ship.
They sent off 180 gallons; and on the second day, 860
gallons; our daily consumption being nearly 800 gallons,
I told the officer, unless they watered the ship properly,
that I would send our own boats on shore for water. lie
said there would be trouble if I sent our boats on shore.
I replied that I should be obliged to do so, if they con
tinned as heretofore to supply us so inadequately. The
result was, that, on the third day, upwards of 11,000
gallons were brought off, and on the following day rearly
10,000 gallons.
On the 25th, not having received any answer to the
paper sent on shore five days previously, I expressed to

the Japanese officer my surprise at the delay, and re-
quested him to inform the Governor of Yeddo that I de-
sired an answer as early as possible.
On the 27th, an officer, with n suite of eight person:,
came on board with the Emperor's answer. The answer
:—"
was translated by the interpreter, as follows A-
ccording to the Japanese laws the Japanese may not
trade except with the Dutch and Chinese. It will not
be allowed that America make a treaty with Japan or
trade with her, as the same is not allowed to any other
nation. Concerning strange lands, all things are fix:..d
at Nagasaki, but not here in the bay ; therefore you
must depart as quick as possible, and not come any
more in Japan." I stated to the officer that the United
States wished to make a treaty of commerce with Japan,
but not unless Japan also wished a treaty ; that I came
here for information on this subject, and having now
ascertained that Japan is not yet prepared to open her
ports to foreign trade, I should sail the next day, if the
weather permitted. This answer, at the officer's re-
quest, was committed to writing, and given to him. The
Emperor's letter I forwarded by the Vincennes to Dr.
Parker at Canton, for translation, and requested him
to transmit to you the original and the translation of it.
I may here mention that Mr. Walcott, our Consul at
Shangai, informed me that he had sold American cot-
tons to some extent to Chinese merchants for shipment
to Nagasaki. In this way the supply of American
cottons in Japan may perhaps become equal to the
demand.
While at Batavia in October last, I was informed that
the Dutch trade to Japan was insignificant in amount ;
that its profits scarcely covered the expenses of the fac-
tory and of customary presents : and the Dutch valued
their intercourse with Japan chiefly because, while their
own flag was admitted, all other European flags were
excluded—a distinction gratifying to their national
pride. This account of the trade seems to be confirmed
by the fact that some years ago the Dutch East India
Company voluntarily relinquished it to the Dutch Go-
vernment. It is confirmed also by the accompanying
letter to me from our Consul at Batavia, Mr. Roberts, a
well-informed merchant, who has resided many years in
the East Indies.

I must now communicate an occurrence of an unplea-
sant character. On the morning that the officer came
down in a junk with the Emperor's letter, I was requested
to go on board the junk to receive it. I refused, and in-
formed the interpreter that the officer must deliver on
board this ship any letter that had been intrusted;him for
me. To this the officer assented, but added that my letter,
having been delivered on board the American ship, he
thought the Emperor's letter should be delivered on board
the Japanese vessel. As the Japanese officer though at-
taching importance to his own proposal, had withdrawn
it as soon as I objected to it, I concluded that it might be
well for me to gratify him, and I informed the interpreter
that I would go on board the junk, there receive the
letter. The interpreter then went on board the junk. In
an hour afterward I went alongside the junk in the ship's
boat in my uniform. At the moment that I was stepping
on board, a Japanese on the deck of the junk gave
me a blow or a push which threw me back into the boat.
I immediately called to the interpreter to have the man
seized, and then returned to the ship. I was followed
on board by the interpreter and a number of Japanese
officers. they all expressed the greatest concern at
what had occurred, stated that the offender was a com-
mon soldier on board, and assured me that he should be
punished severely. They asked me in what manner I
wished him to be punished, and I replied according to
the laws of Japan. I stated that the officers also were
greatly to blame, as they ought to have been on deck
to receive me. They declared that they had not ex-
pected me alongside ; and I was subsequently con-
vinced that, owing to bad interpretation, they believed
my final decision had been that they were to come
to the ship. I was careful to impress upon them
all the enormity of the outrage that had been com-
mitted, and how much they owed to my forbearance.
They manifested great anxiety and apprehension, and
endeavoured in every way to appease me. In the course
of the day the Governor of Yeddo sent an offi-
cer to inform me that the man should be severely
punished, and that he hoped I would not think too seri-
ously of the affair. The conduct of the men is inexpli-
cable, especially as all the Japanese in and about the
ship had evinced great good nature in all their inter-
course with us.

As I was convinced that the outrage bad been com-
mitted without the procurement or knowledge of the
Japanese officers, as every atonement that I could expect
or desire was promptly rendered, I should not have
deemed it nuce!.sary to ccmtnunictite this occurrence,
except to guard against any incorrect statement that may
appear in the public prints.
I sailed from the Bay of Yeddo on the 29th. The
Vincennes parted company yesterday. I enclose a copy
of her orders.

Very respectfully, your most ohedient,
JAMES BIDDLE.

lion. George Bancroft,
Secretary of the Navy, Washington.

CHARGE OF MUTINY AND
PIRACY.

On Thursday, the barque James Campbell, William
Graham, master, of and from Glasgow, bound for Ba-
tavia, and thence to Singapore, with a general cargo of
great value, put in here, with the master in irons, he
having been put there by the men when in lat. 42,
lon. 14 west, being about twenty four days on their
voyage. On the arrival of the ship here, intimation was
conveyed to Mr. Collier, Lloyd's agent, and the captain
was brought on shore, whereon he immediately charged
the crew with assault, mutiny, and piracy, and in con-
sequence summonses were issued agaiast the second
mate and nine of the crew.
On Friday, John Harretta, the second mate, Charles
Moffatt, the carpenter of the ship, Richard Thomas
Lacy, John Skelton, John McPbeagh, Robert Craig,
Robert Wright, Daniel M'Lean, Daniel Wiiellar, and
Thomas Stratton, who were stated to have come volun-
tarily on shore to meet the charge, were brought before
Joseph Whiteford, Esq., borough megistrjite, at the
police-office, charged with assault, mutiny, and piracy,
as above stated.

William Graham, who deposed that he was master of
the barque James Campbell, of Glasgow, which sailed
from Glasgow on the sth of March, bound to Batavia,
and from thence to Singapore. Nothing particular oc-
curred till the 28th, which was on a Sunday, when
they were about 42 lat. and 14 lon. The prisoner Strat-
ton was at the helm between ten and twelve in the
forenoon. lie was misconducting himself, making it
appear as if he were drunk. Witness told him to leave
the helm, which he did. He was then told to go and
grease the masts, which he stoutly refused to do, and
was very insolent. Witness then told him to go below,
and gave him a slight push, upon which he doubled his
fists and offered to fight. Witness then directed the
first mate, Rose, to put Stratton in irons, but afterwards
recalled the order. Others of the crew were then told
to grease the masts, but they all refused. Witness then
called the whole ship's company aft, and told them if
they would not do that they should not have any beef
for dinner. One of the crew, Lacy, said he would have
it in spite of him. Seeing, upon this, that there was a
conspiracy among them, witness went below, got a cut-
lass, and went to the galley, where the beef was cook-
ing. The steward, by his orders, then carried the beef
into his cabin. He (witness) made no use of the cutlass;
he neither cut nor attempted to cut any person. There
was no resistance made. He then fohowed the steward
into the cabin, and, after putting the cutlass away, re-
turned on deck about one. The men were all con-
gregated aft at that time, and Nlaheagh, making him-
self spokesman, said they would refuse to do any more
work. About four o'clock the steward came to the
cabin, and told him (witness) that the men wanted to
speak with him. He went on deck, and found McPheagh
surrounded by most of the crew. He (McPheagh) said,
" What do you intend to do in this affair?" Before,
however, he had time to make any reply, they came
round him and pinioned his arms behind his back.
M‘Lean, Moffatt, the carpenter, McYheagb, Craig,
Stratton, and others, came in front of him, and put
irons upon his hands. Then they lashed his arms be-
hind his back, so that he could not move them in any
way, and put lashings round his legs, just above his
knees. Whilst this was going on, witness turned round
and asked Rose and Harretts, the first and second
mates, who were looking, on, if they would allow this
conduct? Rose replied, "'rho men have taken charge
of the ship; I can do nothing in it, and I am to take her
back to a port in England." After this, witness craw led
as well as he could with the lashings that were upon him
into his cabin, where he found the No mates moving
the ehrt.nomfters and other articles from the cabin.
He asked them to go and see if the men would not
change their mind. Harretts answered that it was
no use; they had gone so far now, that they must go
through with it. Harretts then told him that the cabin
was ready, and he had better go into it. Witness asked
that the irons might be shifted, as they were put on the
wrong way, and were cutting his hands; Harrets did
this, and put them on the right way. He was then
locked into the cabin, and a guard was placed at the
outside of the door with a drawn cutlass. The guard
was relieved every four hours, and the seamen took it
alternately. He remained in this confinement from
about four o'clock on the afternoon of the 28th of
March, till between two and three in the afternoon of
the Bth of April, when he found the vessel at anchor in
Plymouth Sound. During that time the steward gave
him his victuals regularly, and on one occasion the irons
were taken off to allow him to shift himself, by Moffatt,
the carpenter. He forgot to state that the beef was
given to the crew about three hours before he was pi-
nioned. Was quite sober when all this occurred, and
doeodantricosmwoiat
ihnttsh, eeinitheenr bpeefrosroen. al Theyly or
nheavderbehenadonmag
through the mate.
Mr. Edmunds submitted that there was sufficient evi-
dence before the Magistrate to entitle him to remand the
case until Monday, so as to give time for one of the
owners of the vessel to be present.

v The
Magistrate explained to the men that the remand
would
be as desirable for them as the master of the ves-
sel, as they would be able to consult and decide on the
best course to adopt; and, it they should think it desir-
able, for consulting some professional man.
The men said they were quite ready to go fully into
the case at once, and that therefore they wished the
matter to be exatuined ; but after reasoning over the
matter together, they expressed themselves agreeabA3 to
the case being remanded until Tuesday next, at doyen
o'clock.

In the course of his remarks to the bench when ask-
ing for an adjournment, Mr. Edmonds stated, that die
delay that had arisen out of these circumstances, would
be a loss of mere than 1,200/. to the owners of the yes-
sel.—Plymouth Times.

EXPORTATION OF GRAIN FROM THE TAY.—This
week the rare and we believe almost unprecedented cir.
cumstance has occurred of a vessel loading wheat at this
port for France. The grain is part of a cargo imported
from the Baltic last winter. The warehouses here are
still ti,lerably well stocked with foreign supplies.—
Perth Courier.

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f FINAES of-NEW 'ZEALAND.
The follows xt-xtractS are taket from a parliamentary
v‘blurne 1-f.cl i,.:rtlf both (Houses), on the
affairs of New Zealand. They form portions of a dis-
patch from Lieut.-Governor Grey tD the Right Honour-
able Lord Stanley:—
My Lord—One of the most important duties which
has been imposed upon me by your Lordship is the in-
quiry into the sources from which a sufficient revenue
may be most readily and beneficially raised in this
country. I now propose to place before your Lordship
the principles upon which, I think, the future general
financial arrangements of this country should be con-
ducted; and the reasons which have led me to form these
conclusions.

In the first place, I have assumed the amount of the
European population resident in these islands to be 12,000
souls, and the amount of the native population to be
120,000 souls; these estimates are not foundedth upon ac-
curate returns, and probably are each of
ally the latter, far below the real amouenint of the which they respectively indicate ; they!
are, however, sufficiently accurate for the purposes of the
present inquiry.
So great a disproportion existing between the Euro-
pean and native population, one is driven to the inevitable
conclusion, that if any attempt is made (as was formerly
the case) to raise a revenue by direct taxation upon, the
property of the European population alone, from which
the natives are exempted, that it will be found impos-
sible to raise the funds requisite to provide the establish-
ments required for the protection and good govern-
ment of the natives; indeed, it would be essentially
unjust and ruinous to the European population to attempt
to do so.

Since the termination of the war in January last, the
receipts of customs have continued rapidly to increase,
and a trade of great importance is rising between the
European merchants and the native population. There
seems no reason to doubt that this trade will very rapidly
increase in extent and importance ; the natives are now
very generally purchasing small vessels for the purpose
of trading ; they are extremely anxious to procure arti-
cles of European clothing. and luxuries generally, and
they possess abundant means of paying in produce for
all such articles as they may require.
The extent to which British commerce may be carried
on here is limited, in the first place, by the amount of
the population, which I believe has been under-estimated
by nearly one half ; and secondly, by the extent to which
life and property are rendered secure. The short period
of tranquillity which the northern portion of the country
has recently enjoyed has already given a considerable
impetus to trade, and a large augmentation to the re-
venue, which being raised from duties of customs, aug-
ments in the same proportion as the commerce of the
country, and with its increasing prosperity affords the
Government the means of still further securing the future.
tranquillity and order of the colony.
I have no intention of attempting to raise a revenue
by any other means than the imposition of light duties•
of customs on all imported goods ; and, as I have before•
stated, I feel quite satisfied that within a very few years.
from the present time, the revenue realised from this:
source will be found ample to defray the whole of the
colonial expenditure.
The present condition of the colony, in reference to its
financial state, is different from all other portions of the
empire. It is not in the ordinary position of a young
country, the establishments of which could grow in ex-
tent in the same proportion as its population, revenue,
and commerce. The fact is, that a large population
rapidly becoming civilised, and capable of immediately
affording a considerable commerce and revenue, already
exists here; but no establishments have been formed for

the protection of life, property, or commerce, or for the
collection of revenue; or indeed for the controul and
government of this large population, who, if their ener-
gies are not directed into proper channels, and if they
are not governed and kept under controul, will certainly
attempt to set up the government of various ambitious
chiefs, and will keep the country in a constant state of
di,turbance and war.

It appears therefore absolutely necessary that a con-
siderable annual expenditure in excess of the revenue
should be sanctioned for a few years by the British Par-
liament, to provide for the formation of the public build-
ings, roads, and establishments which are absolutely re-
quisite for the assertion and preservation of British
supremacy, for the controul of the turbulent, the protec-
tion of life, property, and commerce, and the security of
the revenue which the country can at once yield.
The advantages which justify such an expenditure are
the impetus which will be given to the interests of hu-
manity and civilisation, the ultimate saving which will
be effected to the country by the prevention of expen-
sive internal wars, which would require the constant
presence of a large naval and military force, the exten-
sion of to British commerce and industry, and the
great increase of the revenue of the colony, which will
shortly enable it to defray the whole of its own expenses.
The amount of such expenditure in excess of the
revenue need not at any time be very great. It may, I
think, be fairly deduced from the following estimate :
Probable general ordinary annual expen-
diture of local Government £27,000 0 0
Probable extra expenditure on account of
natives, police, roads, &c 31,000 0 0

Total expenditure
Probable revenue from this date, but
rapidly increasing in amount

Immediate annual deficiency, yearly de-
creasing in amount £36,000 0 0

Thus leaving the sum of about 30,0001., in addition to
the present parliamentary grant, to be provided from
some extraneous source. It should, however, be
observed that this additional grant would decrease in
amount from year to year, exactly in proportion to the
progress of the colony.
I beg to assure your Lordship, that after having now
visited almost all the important portions of the colony
I feel quite satisfied that the Government cannot be effi-
ciently conducted for a lower amount than that which
I have above stated, and that any attempt to do so will
ultimately only result in great disaster, and eventually
in a much greater expense to the British Treasury than
that which will be incurred under the system I have dp-
tailed, and upon which I intend to act until your Lord-
ship's further instructions can reach me. It Is probable
that I may have stated the estimated revenue at two small
an amount, and I think that I have done so ; but I have
thought it better to incur the risk of erring upon this
side tkan of leading your Lordship to form too favour-
able an opinion of the present financial state of New
Zealand.

The next question that arises for consideration is the
probable expenditure that must ultimately be incurred
for the naval and military protection of this colony. So
soon as there is an adequate military force in the coun-
try, I think that the naval force can be very considerably
reduced, possibly to one steamer and one vessel of war ;
but the presence of a steamer will certainly be always
indispensable upon these coasts. I will, upon the arri-
val of a sufficient military force, lose no time in com-
municating with the senior naval officer upon these sub-
j“ctc, and in reporting my final determination to your
Lordship. _

_
(Signed) G. GREY.
COPY OF A DISPA.TCII FROM LIEUT.-GOVERNOR GREY TO

THE RIGHT MON. LORD STANLEY.

My Lord—l have now the honour to transmit copies
of the corresp, ndence which has passed between the
Lieut.-General commanding the forces in New South
\Vales and myself upon this subject.
Your Lordship will find from this correspondence'that
I consider that a force of 2,500 troops of the line should
for the present be stationed in New Zealand.
I find that my predecessor, in his dispatch of the 9th
of April, 1845, stated it as his opinion that two regi-
ments were required for the maintenance of these islands,
which would amount to a force about 2,000 men • but
after having now visited many portions of the islands, I
should recommend that the force hero should be in-
creased to 2,500 men. _ _

m ora ke
fivet hi
yearss recommendation
force
eu nmdiegrhtth e
be beliefe
ethat o in
four a
single regiment, and that it would be advantageous to
continue as rapidly as possible the formation of a local
pulice force, composed in a great measure of natives;
which force I am now organisin4 with apparent success.
Ihe expense of tkis force could, at the end of a few years,
be defrayed from the revenue of the colony, and would
be one in every way suited to the service of this country.
Indeed, I think it would in New Zealand be found more
advantageous than any European force.

G. GREY.

JUVENILE OFFENDERS.

Sir John Pakington and Sir William
punishment
of
juvenile
The Bill prepared and brought into Parliament
"forl
1 the more speedy trial and
oxjrc e
felonye d i n g
fifteen
years
of
age,
committing
gproperty under false pre-
tences, larcenynote
punishable as such, ?
1 offenders," proposes to enatcttinthastimpepriseo
commit any such offences, may be summarily
tempts to
• by two magistrates, where the value of the
cheats, felonious' receiving of property. or at-
convicted
property does not exceed 40s.
If the magistrates dismiss the case, they shall make
out a certificate to that effect. These provisions are not
to apply if the magistrates think the case a fit subject
for prosecution by indictment. A single magistrate may
admit to bail in certain cases in the same manner as may
now be done by two magistrates. Magistrates, instead
of bailing, may detain the accused in custody, or take
security for his appearance before two Justices, for the
purpose of his being summarily proceeded against.
If the examining magistrates think the offetace
too trifling to merit punishment, they may dis-
miss the accused at once. One magistrate may
convict upon the confession of the accused
in certain cases. Such confession must be pint in
writing, read over to and signed by the accused. The
Act applies to accessories, &c., as well as principals.
Where conviction before two magistrates, they may
I order whipping. Clause 8 relates to the mode of cora-
t yelling the appearance of persons punishable on sum-
-1 mary conviction; and Clause 9 to the application of
; tines, which are to be placed to the general rate of the
county, &c. If fines not paid Justice may commit, and.
Justices may discharge offender in certain cases. Pro-
' ceedings under Act a bar to any other proceedings for
the same cause. Convictions to be returned to quarmr
sessions, and no forfeiture upon convictions under Act.
The Act is not to extend to Scotland or Ireland, sad
may be amended or repealed this sessiom.

PIRATES. SMYRNA, MARCH 19. Two pirabe
vessels, ono manned with a crew of 18, and the other
with 15 men, have been seen off Cape Corba (near Alas •
zattt), and a vessel, under the Greek flag, from Ala:matt
was plundered by them of 63,000 piasters on the 12i h
instant.
POTATOES.—We notice that in several towns pot& -
toes have, become plentiful, and the greater portion Ake
fair quality Prices at Salisbury were on Tuesday hot
full 4s. per sack lower than last week.— Plymouth Jourrviat..