The Sun.
London, England, 1841-08-05 00:00:00

are the authors of their grievances, the parents
or supporters of Corn-laws, discriminating
duties, restricted franchises, Church-rates, and
of every other evil growing out of legislation of
which the bulk of the people complain. They
will constitute a strong Government and a united
Legislature, only to prevent all and every the
least of those grievances from being redressed.
Having nothing to hope from the strong Go-
vernment of the Tories in executing the laws,
we see, and so, we think, must every reflecting
man, great cause for apprehension in their
forming a united Legislature, to maintain all the
accursed laws which are at present dire plagues
to the people.
If it be said that the Tories will redress the
grievances of the people, will walk in the way
of righteousness when they are in office, why,
every man will ask, did they not do that in op-
position? Why did they not, as their opponents
when in opposition continually did, bring for-
ward measures which they suppose will benefit
the community? Ministers have not yet monopo-
lised—whatever the Tories in their ambition '
may contemplate—the initiative of all laws, like
some Governments on the Continent ; it is yet
open here for every independent Member of either
House ofParliament to propose whatever measures
he pleases. The Tories are as well aware of the
state of the community as the Whigs, and the
only measures which they have proposed, are
Church Extension, restriction of the franchise
in Ireland, and a law to settle disputed elections.
The last was a useful measure, and that passed—
as if to show what the Tories could have done
had they been disposed to effect any good for the
people—without the smallest opposition.
So far as benefiting the community by legis-
lation is concerned, the Tories have had just as
much power to do that out of office as they will
have in office. Why have they not done it ?
They declined or refused, because they were not
Ministers. They thwarted their opponents
in making laws, for the sake of thereby
obtaining place and profit. They could, as
Members of Parliament, elected to perform that
duty, have amended or suggested new fiscal regu-
lations at any time, but they refused to perform
the duty, because they were not also the
QUEEN'S Ministers. They neglected their duty,
to satisfy their ambition. They conspired to
impede legislative improvement, the one thing
needful, that they might usurp the Government.
Those who seize the Government to gratify their
own ambition, will use it to attain that end ;
aid for them the public good will be, as it has
been, a very subordinate object.

We know that it is rebellion to resist the law
and treason to take arms against the QUEEN ; but
we have yet to learn that it is rebellion to resist
the Tories, or even, if necessary, to take ants
against such a selfish, ambitious crew of mere
place, and power, and pelf-seeking politicians. If
the authority of the QUEEN be separated from
that of the Ministers, the fault lies in those who
three themselves into office by dark and crooked
arts against her will, and certainly not with the
concurrence of the majority of the people, though
they are supported by the Monopolists. Know-
ing how the constituencies have been constrained,
intimidated, and bribedj into electing a Tory
majority, we cannot conceive that the com-
munity is under any moral obligation to submit
to their dominion, or be guilty of treason against
the QUEEN in order to sustain their usurpation.
If such nice and important questions are now
stirred in the country, it is the consequence of
strange conduct on the part of politicians. If we
are compelled to make a distinction between the
QUEEN and her future Ministers it is because, in
fact, they will be creatures of a dishonest oli-
garchy, not the freely chosen depositaries of the
power of the people.

All the provincial Tory papers we see quote
the leaders of the Times on the probable policy
of the Conservatives as quite conclusive as to
what Sir R. PEEL will do. They repeat the
recommendations of our Contemporary, and
raise an expectation that Sir ROBERT'S policy
will correspond to the articles of the Times.
There is good reason, however, to believe that
the Times is not the organ of Sir ROBERT, and
that the policy it has sketched out has no other
authority .than its
.own Wishes and principles.
That the Times is not authorised to speak for him
is plain, from the fact that it has advocated the
election of a Tory Speaker, while it is almost
officially announced that Sir R. PEEL will not
oppose the re-election of Mr. SHAW LEFEVRE.
In its columns yesterday it also unwittingly
complimented the Whigs, as it followed out its
own principles, and condemned the Tories. It
advocated self-government, and censured all
endeavours to absorb and concentrate in the
hands of Ministers the various and widely dis-
tributed elements of administrative power. Our
Contemporary said :
For every Board of Commissioners which they 1-dve
created, so much power has been taken out of
h.ands
of the people, and so much actual liberty, Thd still more,
security for liberty, has been lost. P
the New Poor-
law they have drained off the stre.-
..ms and fountains of a
vast system
of self-governmer:.Which circulated through-
out the nation, into a 87
-fall number of main dikes and
ditches, tern-anatint, -An the one everlasting and insatiable
reservoir—themdel4s. The Rural Police Act is another
offspring Of this un-English and anti-popular spirit ;
and we. cannot help referring to the same principle
TAPI: John Russell's arbitrary attempt to make the self-
" Assertion of privilege by the House of Commons para-
mount to law.

We know of no CommisSion which has taken
any administrative power out of the hands of the
people except one, the Poor-law Commission,
and of that the Duke of WELLINGTON and Sir
R. PEEL were strenuous advocates: The Duke
of WELLINGTON, in particular, with his military
spirit, approved of it as the only means of correct-
ing the abuses of the Poor-laws;and took pains,
by recommending the keeping of records, to
make it complete. The other Commissions, such
as the Factory Commission, were constituted to
carry new laws into execution or merely to in-
quire, and took no liberties whatever .from the
people. They were intended, whether success-
fully or not, to protect factory children and
guard them from many injuries.
The new Poor-law, with which the Times finds
most fault, is especially supported by the squires,
who constitute Sir R. PEEL'S majority. It was
exclusively a landlords' measure, passed by them
with acclamation to save their estates. Sir R.
PEEL approved of it throughout, and moreover,
as the leader of a party, he is their creature, and
must do their bidding or retire. His own predi-
lections are for manufactures, of the value of
n
thiemnsielifn sensible;ord eorder
t oburt he is
ready which heto has
sacrificeshov
h
N
the leader of the squires. The P.7.7lain
Police
condemns' Was
Act, which
thtliieeir
passed
_....,vantage, and Is only
or Sir Rotkitt PiiL;
)3 a Motto
polite Poe;
mat a
aw
44111i,5i
tdd, ici
6:111.
junet‘o
a with ,4if it. PEit3 TAM
ivi es of
614 el mons, greatly to the annoyance
ttssitEi, tindeAtlet i.
'the Times. All the measures which the Times
now condemns are notoriously baled
t.v
principles, and Wel-e w 1.464
ta...“..-47. it them the Times
the To4e* icSO VVO,y-
Is at VA:ie§illt In opposition to its own part.,--.
The principle of local self-government! of 111110
the Times is enamour.-A i 5 h. Whig pfli?tirit,
Wilk% the rolug have allVayt dr!viz:6o:
utmost of th.lr -• example
to give popuiar and local government
to the large towns, andproposed that they-should.
elect their own Magistrates, while the Tories in,
sisted on keeping the appointment of tilt MagiS%
trates in the hands of the Crown. Both It'eland
and Scotland are deeply indebted to the Whigs
for carrying out, in their municipal and burgh
reforms, the principle oflocal government to the
utmost extent which the Tories would allow; and
if England he not so much indebted to them, it
is only because they merely renovated here the
beneficial system which they there, for the first
time, established. Our Contemporary did not
mean- it, but his observations render a pro-
i'eund homage to the principles of the Whi,rs
e

and repudiate those of the party to which he
belongs.
Nor is our Contemporary, in using such lan-
guage, even consistent with himself? He wishes
to see power locally and administratively dis-
tributed amongst the people—so do all Liberals.
He argues against an executive despotism,
against which the Whigs contend. At the
same time
.he is steadfastly opposed to en-
trusting the Catholics of Ireland with local and
administrative power, and over them he would
establish the executive despotism of Protestant
England. But principles of government have
nothing to do with principles of religion, and those
which are proper for Calvinists, are equally pro-
per for Mahomedans or Hindoos. The religion of
people, whether Catholics or Protestants, no
more renders them indifferent to good or had go -
vernment than to pleasure and pain, and should
not be taken into consideration.

At the same time, of all religionists the
Catholics of our country, after the Pagans,
if there be any, seem to have the strongest
claim on the benefits of our ancient insti-
tutions. The freedom of our Saxon ancestors,
the basis of our best laws, as contrasted with laws
which all Europe adopted or borrowed from im-
perial Rome, was the offspring of heathenism,
and was in no wise indebted to Christianity for
its origin. If it were polished it was also en-
feebled by our Christian, though Roman Catholic,
ancestors. Nor were our franchises considerably
enlarged, or our municipal privileges much ex-
tended, except during the Commonwealth
(though some alarming specimens of feudal
tyranny died out), at any period subsequent to
the Reformation. If any persons now existing
amongst us may, on account of their religion,
claim a right to have our institutions restored on
their ancient foundations, those persons are the
Catholics; but to them the Times denies the jus-
tice it demands for others, and would establish
over the Catholics of Ireland the executive des-
potism of England.

Our Contemporary boasts, too, of the " connec-
tion now existing in England between Church
and State," as having "made the ramifications of
self-government among the people flow in the
same local channels, and observe the same
boundaries, with our ecclesiastical institutions/
Our parishes, to which our Contemporary al-
ludes, were, in fact, Roman Catholic contri-
vances. They were intended to serve the pur-
poses of the Church more than the State; but
with singular ingratitude the Times, while it ap-
plauds the contrivance, would deprive the direct
heirs of the founders of its benefits.

Adopting that line of argument the Times
takes the Tory side, and is inconsistent with
itself; praising local and self-government, it
takes the Whig side, and quarrels with its pre-
'sent patrons. A journal which is zealous for
Whig doctrines in one sentence and zealous for
Tory doctrines in the next, cannot, however, be
looked on as an authority for any line of policy,
or for any party; and we should not have noticed
its contradictory vagaries at much length, were we
not somewhat desirous of undeceiving our distant
brethren who quote!the leaders of the Times, as a
sure indication of the future policy of PEEL.

The Paris Journals of Monday have all reached
us. The news of the French victories in Africa,
published in our Second Edition of Tuesday,
created no sensation in Paris. Such successes
are in truth of very little moment in any point
of view. While every town garrisoned by the
French is blockaded by the Arabs, and all ex-
terior communication cut eft, it matters very
little whether such garrisons be few or numerous,
or for what number of months they are pro-
visioned.

The Toulouse Correspondent of the Commerce
writes as follows of the state of affairs in that

city :
We are inundated with troops, but the Toulousans do
not appear much frightened by them. They are deter-
mined to stand firm on the ground of legal resistance.
The census will not be taken without violations of domi-
cile, every man being resolved to suffer his doors to be
broken down rather than open them to the agents of the
Treasury. The preliminary inquiries are going on.
Some citizens have become accusers of M. Lenormand,
the late Commissary of Police Extraordinary, pretending
that they have legal proofs of a number of agitators hav-
ing been formed by him into brigades, with instructions
to shout A bas Mahal! A bas Plougoulm ! A bas Hamann!
It is further said, that by the same hands a charivari was
prepared for the arrival of M. Maurice Duval ; but this
trick of the police was defeated.
The Journal de Toulouse states that at the funeral ce-
remony for the victims of July on the 28th ult., in the
cathedral of Toulouse, at which all the civil and mili-
tary authorities, including M. Maurice Duval, Lieute-
nant-General Rulhieres, and M. Nicias Gaillard, were
present, the Municipal Council, who had arrived without
any other escort than some officers of the Nat;iiai
Guard out of uniform, were treated by the
,d -with
great respect. On their leaving the
which was composed chiefly 0.-* .PL.urch the crowd,
Guards in plain clothes, fo- • a13.0U-t 2,000. National
—.lied in line four abreast, and
followed the Counci,
Capitole, where
silence to the interior of the
fore them. —•ine-itook off their hats and defiled be-
than,
M. Arzac, as Mayor ad interim, returned
•
- -.s, and was frequently saluted with cries of " Vive
a. Arzac 1 Vive le Conseil Municipal !"
—ll letter from Cagliari in the Courrier de Lyon
snips t.—" The island of Asinara, a short distance from
the coast of Sardinia to the north of Capo del Falcone,
has been granted by the King of Sardinia to one of his
generals of engineers, to introduce such improvements
as it may be found capable of. This island is six leagues
in length, with the average breadth of three leagues. It
is inhabited by herdsmen, hitherto divested of all civili-
sation. They tate of an unmixed race, preserve all the
fine countenances of the south, and the women are re-
markable for the regular features which characterise the
women of the Campagna di Roma. Game, and particu-
larly partridges, which are abundant, form its chief
articles of commerce, and have given it the appellation of
the Island of Partridges. Porto Torres is the principal
market, where the vessels of the Mediterranean come to
carry on their traffic."
Mlle. Rachel has arrived at Bordeaux.

On the 18th ult.," says a letter from Erreux,
when the rain did so much damage in this country, a
grove of firs, birch, and other trees, which stood on the
descent of a hill near Venables, having become detached
from the substratum by the flood, glided down into the
valley and planted itself firmly on a fine field of oats,
which it covered so entirely that the farmer, on coming
next day to see what injury had been done to his crop by
the storm, was a long time before he could discover its
locality, and then found a part of his oats converted into
trees.'

Dabgui, a man condemned by the Court of Assizes
of the Loire Inferieure, to hard labour for lifer for the
violation of his own &tighter) was to have been exposed
in the pillory at NatiteS a few days agti but bu otithring
his cell to convey him tO the pillory he was found dead,
having hung
The liague papers give the following painful ac-
count of the death of Mme. Rochussen, the young and
amiable wife of the Dutch Minister of Finance. She
had lain in a few weeks ago, but was still in a feeble
state, when her brother, whom she had not seen for ten
years, arrived from abroad. Intending to give his sister
an agreeable surprise, he entered her chamber without
even her knowing that he was in Holland. The shock
was so strong, that Mme. Rochussen was thrown into a
fainting fit, which terminated in her death, before even
the Minister ould be called from his cabinet to receive
her last

Extract of a letter from Corfu :—" Colonel John-
stone has joined his regiment, the 42d Royal Highlanders,
quartered horu, nig corps has a regimental library for
MP use of the iten-commissioned officers and soldiers,
i*higif hag bob egtaitiished since 1830, and generally
4tifls)stfl efs froth 1000 to 2,000 volumes. It has been
ddrkita about with the regiment at home or abroad,
Withtfut an 37 diffietilty4 since its formation, and the sub-
PfiptiFiiiS to it have amounted to 1,0891., all subscribed
By f.I N §oltiii4sl the eAception of oae shilling per
month from each officer. 'MA books are seldom used by
the officers, from an unwillingness to interien; wit 7 the
comforts of the men,"

o letter from Athens,in. the Leipzig Gazette, says
"-Of r,eftigpd accept M.
iriitoupis, as Greek Ambassador to the dottrt of Bt.,
James's ; and adds, that Lord Palmerston hits Written
to the Greek Cabinet that the first duty Of their Govern-
mcnt ji as to ebtoree 6Cofitithy, iti Older to be tiblb tb
the interest of the debt;
phtsitiaft State Gazette announces that the Bra-
kik:ol7 114 edrifefiett ilitiii Mti:lot-Qetterttlithtt.
imseltra Khan Sehamehal and Tarti, hf
il;ithnaekz,el
a\l'aßlni,tiar6ind:rg'hyatikle„sinta.n: the decoration of the Im-
. r0:i,,11. Order of Stanislaus the First, in acknowledgment
.
--ed by him in the war with
the mountaineers of qreassia.
11M and Belles-Lettres,
tits pitiposkid its for tcifiiiVs tur 164 g the following
topiest—" The composition of the Roman tribunals, and
the administration of justice from the Gracchi to Ha-
drian. J;soofr."--‘i The hi-story
establishments in Sicily, 2,ooofr,"—.And for 1843, "The
history of Cyprus under the Prinaca of the Rouse of
Lusignan, 2,000 fr," and progress of the Greek
The body of a young map, well dressed,
was found,
the day before yostere.) w.,
in a. fosse in thi Champs
Elysees, As there was money in his pocket, ,and nn
traces of violence appea red on his body, it is suppood
that he died suddenly, a nd was not murdered., He was
taken to the ltZorgue, .
A Berlin letter, in the Frankfort Journal, states
that on the afternooq the ~1,801 ult., the day of the
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