The Sun.
London, England, 1823-10-24 00:00:00

THE MARKETS.

CORN EXCHANCE, Our. 24.
Our supplies continuing to arrive rather more freely
caused a visible effect on our market,, the price of every atticie
in it being exceedingly dull, and scarce any sale was efrected,
although some tine Wheat was offered on lower terms than oa
last Monday, front which circumstance a reduction is expected
in the price on our next market day, but at present we must
quote our prim nominally as on Monday lust.

SI‘IITIIFIELD MARKET, OCT. 24.
The market WAS well supplied this morning, but the trade
was rather heavy at last Alonday's prices; in consequence cf
which, all kinds of Cattle are somewhat lower in price.
To sink the Offal, per stone of 81b.
Beef 2s 4d to 31 4n Veal
Mutton 2$ lid to 3$ 8d Pork
Lamb Os 0( to Os Od.

lIAT ♦ND STRAW, PER LOAD.
Ilsy 4C4 Os to ,£4 las I Clover
Strew C Os to £2 fis.

By a detailed account of the success of all the
ship employed in the Greenland and Davis'
Straits fisheries, it appears that the whole produce,
up to this period, is about 16,597 tons, which fall
short about 1,200 tons of the average of the .yearx
1820 and 1821, but Is 2,760 tons more.thara
the average of the nine years, from 1814 to 18122,
both inclusive. It is supposed that the produce of
whalebone will be materially short of an average
in proportion to the quantity of oil, because the fish
this season have been smaller than ever recollect-
ed. The price:of bone varies between 1601. and.
1701.—(Threrness Journal.)
TitteAn-Mmt.B.---The conversation which took
place among the Surrey Magistrates at the Kingston Sessions,
on the defective construction of one of the County Tread-Milli
did not relate (as had been stipposed) to the Brixton Mill, but
to one which has been erectad at Guildford. The.wheel at
Brixton is considered, after long and minute examinattoa by
the Magistrates, to be perfect inks construction.
NARROW ESCAPE FROM AN ELEPHANT.-1110
friends of Captain Gambier, R.N., *ill peruse with interest
the following account of a most miraculous escape front
immediate d . estruction On a recent elephant-shooting
party at Ceylon, Captain Gambler and Mr. flay, of the
Royal Engineers, had separated from their compameni, anal
were following a large female elephant ; when pretty close
to her, she suddenly and unexpectedly turned upon them ;
escape appearing impossible, they both fired, but with little
effect; the animal immediately charged, knocked Capt. Gam_
bier down, and pursued ,Mr. Ilay, who fell ; Capt. (lotaxisier
having recovered, and observing the imminent danger of ).Ir..
Hay, gallantly ran with another gun to his assistance. Tit,
elephant, en perceiving Captain Gambier's approach, turned
round, seized hint with her trunk, and raises/ him rani the
ground with as much ease as if he had been a straw ; she then
knelt down, and laid him on his back, still retaining her hold;
she now began gradually to lower herself, and he had already
felt the pressure which appeared the forerunner ,of certain de-
a ruction, when, most unaccountably, the animal soddenly rat'
nod retreated, leaving him without other injury than it severe
bruise on ons knee, which he probably received when. site first
knocked hint down in pursuing :11a-. flay. So providential a
rescue from apparent certain death may perhaps 'be accounted
far by the elephant having been enntltaed by the Aring,.or. by
her elan» at becoming so far detached from the rest orate herd.
tnarnt.ay ~arty, may 14, 11123.)
Sr:ttious ACCIDENT ON THE Riven --Yes'er-
de y a scene of the wtmost confusion and dis.itster
oc4.urell below bridge, between Horseferry and
Pigeon stairs. A fleet of colliers and other vessels,
making for the pool, were, through. the strong
influx of the tide, occasioned by a northerly wind,
driven one against the tithe,. with a general
crash, and much mischief occasioned. A Dutch
brig was run foul of by a Newcastle collier, the
boss sprit of which coining against the anchor of
the brig, forced it up the fore-stay nearly to the
foremast top, from whence the rote being obliged
to be cut, it fell on the collier's deck, and nearly
occasioned the loss of many lives. Another 'col-
lier lost all her masts and rigging, and Was thrown
on her beam ends, and the crew saved from
drowning with much difficulty. We are sorry to
add;that a respectable young man belenging
to Rotherhithe lost his life, being washed
overboard, and was seen lifting his Itnuels in
a supplicating attitude, without' :possibility
of assistance being rendered hiM. Ile was
after Wards taken up in a lifeless state, and
the Vertebrr of his neck found to be divided ; the
body was conveyed to the Sarre)? Canal Bridge-
house. Another seaman had his eye 'knocked
out. The afflicting scene was chosen by soirtie
thieves as a prop moment to exercise their
calling, and commit depredations on the property
of the sufferers.

TUE LONDON JOURNALS.

DAILY

Extracts from the Morning Papers, October 24.

[THE TIMES.]
It was reported some days ago, on the autho-
rity of a private letter from Gibraltar, that Ar-
pieties had escaped from Cadiz, and had arrived
in 'the English territory. We cannot positively
state that such is the fact, but it is highly pro-
bable. Lord Nugent, before he left Cadiz, had
given passports to Arguelles, Galiano, Calatrava,
nod Quadra, and had provided two brigs, by
either of which the four Constitutionalists might
escape. As it was not difficult to elude the
French fleet, which appears to have been
wretchedly manned and appointed, it is reason-
able to suppose that Arguelles and his friends
have arrived safely at Gibraltar. It should be
meUtioned to the honour of Arguelles, that he
was fully prepared to endure the consequences of
his conduct ; that he was ready and even anxious
to terminate his natural with his political exist-
ence ; and that he not only abhorred the iden of
flight in the moment of danger, but wished
to give his country all that remained to him
to give•—the example of an heroic death on the
scaffold in the cause of liberty. His friends as-
sured him that they would not have insulted him
with any proposal of flight, if his stay could serve
the Constitutional cause, or if even his death
could operate as an useful example ; but that he
ought to consider that his efforts must be utterly
useless when once Cadiz had fallen, and that he
could not choose the mode of his death, which,
to be an example, should be public ; but that he
would be probably slaughtered is the general
and indiscriminate carnage of a town taken by
storm. He yielded to this reasoning, but was
anxious that the Cortes before they dissolved
should do a t least one act worthy of the high tone
which they had so long held. Ile proposed that
they should make a solemn protest, declaring that
they submitted to irresistible force, that they made
no treaty for the surrender of the constitution, but
that it was trampled under foot by hostile
soldiery— that Spain, and with it the Cortes, ware
subdued by French bayonets—thatrbeing con-
quered, they were of necessity dissolved, but
that they gave up no tittle of the great principles
of liberty, nor abated one jot of their hatred of
absolute monarchy. This noble protest, which,
if voted by the Cortes, would havo redeemed
their last days from disgrace, seems never to
have been carried, for what reason we have
Hot present means of relating ; but we think we
can vouch that A rguelles was not the man to
flinch from the execution of this last honourable
duty. It is painful to turn from the contempla-
tion of a respectable character like this to that
wretched creature Valdez, to whom the defence of
Cadiz had been intrusted. The most effectual,

indeed the only effectual means of defending
Cadiz were the gunboats in the, bay. It will
Scarcely be believed that he had not taken
single step to procure a serviceable marine by
exercising the suitors, und'etrcitstoming .them to
naval tactics. This was'the morn inexcusable, us
be well knew that the Spanish soldiers, notwith.
b landing their gallantry in land-battles, lost all
confidence as soon as they found themselves on
another element, 111)(1 therefore required constant
practice to make them etlident. Thus the boats,
which, if properly manned and served, might
have saved Cadiz, became utterly useless, and
mere mementos of the imbecility or treachery of
the Commander-in. Chief.

[MORNING eon.]
Dutch Papers to the 23d instant brought us
last night the Speech of the King of Holland on
Opening the extraordinary Sessions of the States
General at the Hague nn Monday last. It is
that of a Monarch who pays more attention to
the welfare of his people than to the proceed-
ings rand revolutions. of other states which do not
affect the interests of his own. With the ex-
ception therefore of a general assura►►ce that his
relations with all the Powers Of Europe were con-
stantly distinguished by testis►onies of reciprocal
4triendship and good-will, we did not find the name
'or the conduct of any other Government once men-
' tioned. But we find what must be more gratifying
to his subjects, that continued exertions are made
for the accomplishment of the Constitutional in-
stitutions of the► country, and the promotion of
the general happiness; that education advances
rapidly both in the high schools and in the lower
ones amongst the plople : that the arts are in a
flourishing state, the condition of the farmers and
consumers such as not to require the interference
of the Legislature ; and that the negociations
opened with foreign Powers to obtain a regular
exportation of national produce have reached a
point which holds out hopes of favourable results.
These statements and the whole nature of the
Speech itself appear to us to display the charac.
.teristics of a wise and truly paternal Government.

[hie ttiviNo cuttoNict.E.]
We received last night Dutch Papers, con-
taining the Speech of the King of the Nethef.
lands on opening the Extraordinary Sessions of
the Statei-General at the Hague On the Wth
instant. in this Speech we have a striking in-
stance of the good sense of the Dutch. Agricul.
tursl distress in Holland and Belgium, from the
extraordinary outlay of capital on the soil, in
Holland more particularly, during the war,
when the Dutch commerce was completely at
it stand, was very great on the conclusion
of peace, and our readers will recollect that
that distress was at such a height last year,
that a Committee was appointed to inquire
whether it would not be expedient to lay
restrictions Mk the importation of foreign pro.
duce. The result of the inquiry, however, has
been a conviction that the prosperity of the
rtout►try would be best promoted by the freedom
of trade. " The low price of provisions," says
Iris Belgian Majesty, " favours all the undertak.
kV of national industry." England owes much
to the Dutch who preceded: her in arts and Civil•
isation, and we suspect, though there may be a
less plentiful crop of orators at the Hague than at
Loudon: our Legislators may yet learn something

from the less aspiring Statesmen of Holland. The
Speech forms altogether a strong contrast to the
inflated nonsense with which our Ministers gene-
rally cram the Royal Speeches. It dwells on
objects really interesting to a people, to the pro-
gress of their industry, the improvement of col-
leges and schools, the progross made in that most
important of all undertakings, a code of laws, the
exercise of hospitality towards foreigners, &c.
We observe that a plan for establishing associa-
tions for lending money on agricultural produce,
with a view to' prevent the necessity of selling at
ruinous prices in years of excessive abundance, is
in agitation. These associations, however, will
be conducted, like other banking establishments,
with a view to profit.

[IMMIX PREM.!
That the punishment of the tread-mill should
have been inflicted on untried prisoners, is so
obvious an outrage on all the common principles
of justice, that but for the presentment of Mr.
Martyn Stapylton at the Sessions at ,Northaller-
ton, addressed to the Magistrates of the North
Riding of Yorkshire, we should have felt dis-
posed to doubt that any such instance had oc-
curred. We are still willing to persuade our-
selves that it must have been confined to this
district, because the infliction of this punishment
before trial is so totally unwarranted by the stat. 4
Geo. IV. and is so wholly unsupported by any
construction, however strained, that can be put
upon it, that we think no body of Magistrates
in any part of the kingdom would venture upon a
proceeding, of the legality of which they must be
aware, and by which they must incur so public
and so serious a responsibility. Persons in office
are apt enough to violate the maxims of the Con-
stitution, but they seldom do so without some
adequate motive ; and we can see nothing here
which should lead to it. When any political
example is to be made, then indeed some ram
will be caught in the thicket, and there will be
no dearth of assistants at the sacrifice ; but in the
ordinary detail of magisterial duty, so flagrant a
breach of law, and so punishable an abuse of
power, us this would be, we believe to be rare.—
It is on this ground that we feel inclined to de-
fend Mr. Peel against the imputation in the
Morning Chronicle of yesterday, of avow-
lug himself " 4 partial to whipping," with refer-
ence to its infliction on any innocent or untried
individual. We have certainly no very rooted
attachment to Mr. Peel, but we should readily
acquit him of any deliberate fondness for oppres-
sion of any kind. If colloquial pleasantry and
natural goodness of heart were all that was re-
quired to form a great statesman, the Ilome Se-
cretary might take rank among his colleagues.
But the political wisdom, the persevering inte-
grity, the manly, firm, honest independence,
which go to the formation of that character—is
quite another thing. In the mean time, let us
give our thanks to Mr. Stapylton : such conduct
in any of his Majesty's Justices of the Peace is
an admirable example to them all ; and such an
example, in that quarter, was never more
wanted ; it is a quarter to which the public at-
tentio►t is at present very steadily directed.

[mourn:se manat.e.]
We see by some of the provincial Papers that
the Weevers and other work people in various
parts of the country are striking, as it is called,
for an increase of wages. We hope that this
contest between them and their employers will
terminate without violence. We see with much
pleasure that the old system of masters applying
to the Magistrates to put down combination is
comparatively abandoned. We hope that the
work people will properly appreciate this new
dawn of light on the part of their employers, and
that they will not have recourse to rude measures
against such as do not chose to become
parties to their combinations. For our part,
we think it as fair for 1,000 work people to say
to one master, we will have so much wages, or wo
Hill not do your work, as it is for that master to
any to the 1,000 people, if you do not work at
such a price, you may all depart, and I will get
those who will. Our opinion of combination is,
that, as an evil, it is greater on the part of him
who employs 1,000 men, than on the side of the
',Mown employed ; and if it be fair for the
master to turn off his people at a short notice, it
is also fair for them to turn him off at the same
short notice. If we were a Magistrate, and
both cases came before us at the same time,
we would favour the men in preference to
favouring the master. This staunchness on the
part of work people shows, that " manufacturing
prosperiry," however, as it is called, is reviviug;
but it was not to be expected that British goods
should long remain at the very low prices thdy
have been for these last two or three years.—
Their extreme low prices caused them to force
themselves for sale and consumption into all
parts of the world, and. therefore an increased
demand was the necessary consequence, which
may account for the comparative scarcity,
of which the weavers are taking the advantage
they are justly entitled to, of getting up
their wages ; precisely on the same principle as,
when there is a redundancy, th© masters make
no scruple to pull down the weekly earnings of
the men. But Mr. Huskisson, last Session of Par-
liament, mentioned that early in the next Session
he would bring the subject before the House us
to the propriety of either altering very material.
ly the present absurd Combination Laws, or of
doing them away altogether. We hope that
he will propose the total repeal. At the same
time, we wish that every Act of Parliament made
to regulate prices between masters and their
work people will also be done away with. It is
high time that the Legislature should retrace its
steps, and remove by degrees all the shackles
they have been so busily employed, fur so many
centuries, its fastening on manufactures and corn..
merce. All that a Legislature has to do is to
keep the peace with a strong arm, but to let
masters aml men, manufactures, shipping,
and commerce, alone, to take care of them-
selves. It has been an unfortunate thing for this
country, that for so many centuries so many
lawyers have borne the principal sway in the
Houses of Parliament ; for those gentlemen, in
general, think that every evil is to be remedied

by a Bill : but there never was a greater mistake.
It is also an error on the part of the people to
look up to lawyers in most things with so much
veneration.

[NNW MIS]
To those who feel an interest in the character
of the English Press, it must indeed be mortify-
ing' to see how degraded a certain portion of it
has become in the eyes of all Europe. Most cut-
ting is the remark of the Austrian Observer of
the 19th instants-44 The mass of uutruths cir-
culated by the <English Opposition Papers, es-
pecially respecting the affairs of the Continent,
partly from ignorance, and partly from evil inten-
tion and factious spirit, is so prodigious, that to
keep a list of them would fill a bulky volume
in a few months."—One instance is adduced,
because, says the foreign Journalist, "it is
strangely and strikingly contrasted with the real
facts. The Morning Chronicle stated that the
King of Sardinia had made bitter complaints to
England, because the Austrian troops did not
manifest the smallest disposition to leave Pied-
mont, and especially the fortress of Alexandria.
The facts were, that a time was fixed at Verona,
with the entire approbation of the King of
Sardinia, for the departure of the Imperial
troops from Piedmont—that the term of this
agreement were punctually observed—that on the
30th of Sept. the Austrian troops left the fortress
of Alexandria—and that at this moment there
is not an Austrian soldier remaining on the Pied-
montese territory !!!"—To this curious instance
of accurate information we beg to add one out of
at least twenty thousand that have fallen under
our own observation. On the With of April
last The Morning Chronicle said, in so many
words, " Never was a nation of twelve millions
of souls more unanimous in the defence of their
Constitution, their fire-sides, and their families,
than the Spaniards are at present ; and daily are
they furnishing the strongest proofs of their ardour
and patriotism !I !" Comment on this monstrous
assertion is altogether superfluous.—lt is not for
the idle gratification of pointing out errors in a'
cotemporary work that we notice these gross mis-
representations. Our wish is to impress on our
countrymen the idea, that constant and systematic
untruth, whether it be the result of ignorance
or malevolence, is disgraceful to the English
Press; and that foreign nations laughs us to scorn
for the credulity with which we swallow re-
peated deceptions, day after day, from the
same sources. What, for instance, could be
more profligate than the successive contradic-
tions of The Times in its accounts of, the Nea-
politan Campaign I And yet it's besotted
readers gave implicit credit to falsehoods just
as gross, in its accounts of the Spanish War.
They seemed to entertain neither displeasure nor
distrust on account of having been deceived be-
fore. They evinced a repugnance to truth ; and
hugged the Misleading Journal because it had
mis-led them, and was sure to mislead them again.
If this habit of courting and encouraging false
news be carried much further, the Public Opinion
of Englifnd must become a by-word and term of
contempt all over Europe. The expression of the
Austrian Observer is literally correct : a mere list
of the untruths in the English Opposition Journals
would fill a. bulky volume in a few months. And yet
every one of those untruths was believed in its
turn. People were just as ready to believe that
Cadiz would never be taken, as they had been to be.
Here that the French were repulsed from Corunna,
Ballasteros and itiego were to cut off the retreat
of the Duke d'ingonlewte, as Palarea and Cam.
pillo were to raise all Galicia in the rear of Gen.
13ourck : and Sir Robert Wilson's wondrous
powers in war and diplomacy were to be dis-
played in the Gnditaniau Island just as success-
fully as they bad been employed against General
Morillo !