The Sun.
London, England, 1823-09-19 00:00:00

BRAZIL.

kErtracipf a Letteidatij Rio.dc Oanciro, July 19.1
" l or some time past the 1110 sister far,Foreign Affairs, Joze
Bonifacio Andrei,* e Silva, has been endeavouring to establish
the new Constitution upon, the ,basis of a limited monarchy
similar to that of England, but in this he has met with consider-
able opposition : a party was formed against him, asserting that
his views were altogether despotic ; and to prove their assertions,
they have not failed to make the most of his-having ordered the
imprisonment of several individuals who entertained more liberal
or republican ideas. On the 30th last month the Emperor frac-
tured two of his ribs by a fall from his horse, which has confined
him to the Palace: this accident presented to the opposition a
favourable opportunity to force the Minister to resign. On the
15th inst. a threatening letter was sent to one of the particular
servants or gentlemen of the Palace, ordering him to deliver
a letter which was enclosed for the Emperor. Report says
that this last intimated to the Emperor that unless he
changed the . present system 'and dismissed the Minister for
Foreign Affairs, and his brother, Martin Francisco Ribeiro
de . Andrada. the Minister of Finance, that his own life
was in 'danger. The Minister, thus aware of the strength
and desperation of the party against him, thought it most
pratent to resign, which lie did on the morning of the pith ;
and on the afternoon of the same day the Minister of Finance
also tendered his resignation. There was some difficulty to find
individuals willing to accept of the 'places of these Ministers,
and it was not till the evening of the 17th, that Joze Joaquim
Carneiro de Campos and Manuel Jacinto consented to accept of
office. Both of these gentlemen are deputies to the assembly,
are possessed of abilities, and are generally respected in private
life. Their political opinions are liberal.
" In forming the constitution, it is now believed that there
will be little opposition to its being even more liberal than
,that
' of Portugal : at all events, the Emperor will not have the veto.
" At the time when these changes were taking place, advices
were received that the Portuguese troops had evacuated Bahia
on the 2d instant, after having embarked on board the squa-
dron: every thing of value. Lord Cochrane was off the port
when the Portuguese fleet, consisting of thirteen sail of men of
war, and thirty-five transports and merchantmen under their
convoy, was sailing out. TiNday one of the merchantmen liat4
arrived here, prize to the Nattierby. She reports that one brig
of war and six of the convoy had already been captured, by the
Brazil squadron, and we are in full expectation that few or
none of them will escape."

RIO DE JANEIRO, JULY 19.
;The Diarlo do Govern° of this date contains the following
article :---

" BAHIA.
" TRANSLATION OF THE DISPATCH of LORD COCHRANE.
" On board the ship Pedro I. before Bahia, July 2, 1823.
"-Most Excellent Sir,—l have the satisfaction to inform
your Fxcellency that the enemy evacuated Bahia today, not
being able to receive any more succour by sea.. His men-of.
war, amounting to thirteen vessels of different sizes, are now
out of Bahia, and many large merchantmen with troops on
board. It is my intention to pursue, as far as it can be done
with advantage. This ship, and the Maria dux Gloria, are the
only vessels in sight of the enemy; the Caroline having re.
turned to the Morro, in conseguence of having lost her foremast,
and the Nitheroy not having joined.
" I hope in my next dispatch to be able to give you some
account of the farther objects which the enemy may have in
view : whatever they may be; I shall endeavour to frustrate
them.

" I have the honour to be your servant,
" COCHRANE.

" To his Excellency the Minister of Marine."
!Es Majesty our beloved Emperor had a severe fall from his
horse on the 20th of June, by which some of his ribs were frac-
tured. His 11Iajesty was for several days in a very weak state,
which caused great alarm : We have the satisfaction, however,
of saying that his health has been for some days in a state of
progressive amendment, and he was able, on the 17th, fur
the first time,. to walk a little in his chamber.
PROCLAMATION.
" Inhabitants of Brazil—The Constitutional Government
which does not guide itself by public opinion, or which is, ig-
norant of it, becomes the scourge of humanity. The Monarch
who doeS not know this truth, precipitates himself into an
abyss, anti his kingdom yr empire into an ocean of misfortune.
Providence granted me the knowledge of this ,truth ; •upon it I
founded my system, to which I shall always be .
" Despotism and 'arbitrary acts are detested by me. I lately'
gave you a proof among many which I have given you. We
may all be deceived, but Monarchs seldom hear the truth, and
if they do not, seek it, it never appears to them. When they
know it, they ought 'to follow it ; I recognized it, and 'did
so. Hence, though at present we have not- a constitution by
which we are governed, yet we have bases, established by rea-
son, which must be ; these are the sacred rights of
personal safety, of property, and the immunity of the house of
the citizen. If they have been attacked or violated hitherto,
are at all timcs~ltnprtrec,
and contrary to the System we have embraced. Be assured they
will from this day forward be religiously maintained. You
will live happy, secure in the bosom of your families, in the
arms of your tender spouses, surrounded by your children.—
Regardless of the incautious persons who seek to call in ques-
tion any constitutional disposition, it will always appear
triumphant, as the Sun dispels the thickest clouds. Depend
on me as I. depend on you, and you will see democracy and
despotism repressed by a just liberty.
" July THE EMPEROR."