The Sun.
London, England, 1847-04-30 00:00:00

APRIL 30, 1847 e

RAVESEND STAR and BLACKW ALL
k W PACKETS. Boat and Railway included in one Payment.
From the Brtinswick Wharf, Blackwall, at 9, 10, 11, 12, 1%, 3!,j,
5%. and 7. Sundays, at 9, 10, 11, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7. Tl.e
TRAINS starting oue quarter of an hour before each of these times.
The New Terrace Pier, Gravesend, at 7%, 8%, 9%, 11%, 1,2,
3, ~ and 6%. Sundays, at 7%, 8%, 11%, I, 3,5, G, and 7.
N.B.—No other packets call at the Grays or Greenhithe Plers.
Star Office, Gravesend, April 14, 1847.

To THE CARPET TRADE.
ROYAL VICTORIA FELT CARPETING, manufactured
without; pi nning or weaving. Patronized by her Most Gracious
Majesty, nd used in the Royal Palaces. This description of carpet-
ing has now become one of the established manufactures of this
country. Its advantages are beauty of design (equal to Brussels),
imperviousness to dust, durability, and more especially economy, as
it can be purchased for less than half the price of Brussels. The
Patent Woollen Cloth Company, who are the sole manufacturers
under the patent, having availed themselves of the rapid strides now
making in the arts of design in this country, inform the trade that
their patterns for the present season are now out, and that they will
be found far in advance of all hitherto produced, and suitable for
every description of room and decoration. The public can be sup-
plied through their agents In nearly all the provincial towns in
England, Scotland, and Ireland, and at every respectable carpet
house in I,ondon and its suburbs. They also manufacture table
covers and window curtains, embossed and printed, in a great
variety of elegant act' novel designs ; plain cloths suitable for up-
holsterers; cloths admirably adapted for coach and railway carriage
linings ; waistcoatings ; thick telt for plate glass and marble polish-
ing; gun-waddings ; and of all thicknesses suitable for pianoforte
manufacturers, at a very considerable saving as compared with those
made by hand ; D'Oyleys, Ste, Wholesale Warehouses, 8, Love-lane,
Wood-street, Cheapside, Manufactories, Elmswood Mills, Leeds;
and Borough•road, London.

FOPULAR TREATISE on the HEALTH, LIFE and VIGOU -
of the BODILY FUNCTIONS.
_ _

ICINETEENTIZ EDITION price 2s. 6d. ; Free by Post (in 3 Seale
Envelope) 3s. 6d.,
THE SILENT FRIEND. A Medical Work
on the loss of the reproductive powers, with means of restore
lion. The baneful effects of Indulgence, neglected Strictures, Se•
condary Symptoms, &c., are fully pointed out. Illustrated by En
gravings ; followed by observations on Marriage. By 11. and L.
PERRY and Co., Consulting Surgeons, London.
'7►oi'nbliehed by the Authors; and may be had at their, residence.
Sold by Strange, No. 21, Paternoster-row; Gordon, 146, Leadenhat-
street ; Purkis, Compton-street, Soho ; Hannay and Co., G 3, Oxford.
itreet, and 37, Royal Exchange , and all booksellers.
Part I. of this Work is particularly addressed to those who art
prevented from forming a Matrimonial Alliance, through fear of cer-
tain disqualifications, and will befound_an available introduction to
the means of perfect and secret restoration to manhood.
Part 11. treats perspicuously upon those forms of diseases, either
.n their primary or secondary state, arising from infection, showing
how numbers; who neglect to obtain competent medical aid, entail
upon themselves years of misery and suffering.
The CORDIAL BALM OF STRLACUM is exclusively directed to
the cure of nervous and sexual debility, irregularity, weakness, bar-
renness, loss of appetite, indigestion, consumptive habits, and debili-
ties arising from venereal excesses, &c. Price I Is. and 335. per bot
tie. The Five-pound cases may be had as usual.
The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE. An anti.
syphilitic remedy for searching out and purifying the blood from ve-
nereal contamination, scurvy, blotches on the head, face, and body
ulcerations, and thoie painful affections arising from improper treat.
rnent, secondarysymptoms, and all eruptions of the skin. Price Its
and 335. per bottle.
PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS, price 2s. 9d., 48. 6d..
and 1 I ff. per box.. are the most effectual remedy for strictures, in.
flantmation, irritation of the bladder, Sic., without hindrance to
business.
Consultation fee, if by Letter, It. A minute detail of ease is ne
cessary. Messrs. Perry are in daily attendance at their residence
19, Beniers-street, Oxford-street, London, from eleven till two, an
eve till eight; and on Sundays from eleven till twelve.

ON THE CONCEALED CAVSE THAT PREYS ON THE
HEALTH AND SHORTENS THE DURATION OF HUMAN
LIFE.

ILLUSTRATED WITH COLOURED ENGRAVINGS,
Just Published, in a Sealed Envelope, price 2s. 6d., or free
by post, 3s. 6d.
CONTROUL OF THE PASSIONS : a Popular
Inquiry into the Concealed Cause of its premature Decline,
with Instructions for its Complete Restoration. Addressed to those
suffering front the destructive consequences of excessive indulgence,
terminating in Mental and NerVous Debility, Local or Constitutional
Weakness, Indigestion, and Consumption. Including a comprehen-
sive Dissertation on MARRIAGE, Incontinence, and Celibacy.
Illustrated witk Coloured Engravings, explanatory of the various
Cases, &c.
By C. J. LUCAS and Co., Consulting Surgeons, No. 60, Newman-
street, Oxford-street, London.
Member of the London College of Medicine, &c. &C,
CONTENTS OP TIM WORK,

Chap. I.—Bodily and Mental Exhaustion induced by inordinate
,ndulgence of the Passions, illustrated with Coloured Engraviags.
Chap. 2.—Baneful Results of a Secret Vice on the Mind and Body,
evidenced in the production of Consumption, Epilepsy, and other
convulsive diseases, Insanity, Idiocy, moping Melancholy, Indiges-
tion, Stricture, Impotence, and Sterility, with Observations on the
Duties of Married Life, and on the unhappiness caused by Unfruitful
Unions. Chap. 3.—Debility and Exhaustion of the principal Vital
Functions, the nature and treatment of Impotence and Sterility, and
the imperfect performance of the Marital act, caused by the practice
of self-indulgence. Chap. 4.—Gonorrhoea, its symptoms, complica-
tions and treatment, (Beet, Stricture, and disease of the Prostate.
Chap. s.—Syphilis, and its attendant maladies and treatment. Cases,
and concluding observations, Plates, &c.
Sold by Brittain, 11, Paternoster-row ; fiord as, 146, Leadenhall-
street ; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street; Noble, 114, Chancery-
lane; Mansell, 115, Fleet-street; Winhal, 78, High-street, Bir-
mingham; Whitmore, 119, Market-street, Manchester ; Howell,
54, Church-street, Liverpool; Robinson, 11, Greenslde-street,
Edinburgh; Powell, 10, Westmoreland-street, Dublin; and all
Booksellers.

Persons desirous of obtaining the above work, and not wishing to
apply to a bookseller for the same, may, to insnre secrecy, have it
direct from the Authors, by enclosing 3s. 6d., er Postage Stamps.
Messrs. Lucas and Co. are to be consulted from Tenti 11 Two, and
from Five till Eight in the evening. at their residence, No. 60,
Newman-street, Oxford-street, London, and country patients may
be successfully treated, on minutely describing their case, and enclos-
ing the usual fee of 11. for advice.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
CHESTER RACES.-WEDNESDAY (CONCLUDED).
THE CUP.

The late hour at which the race came off having prevented
our sending any details from the course, we now subjoin
them. The start, as we observed in our last, did not take
place until past four o'clock, the preliminaries having occu-
pied no less than two hours !—a long time to keep an anxious
multitude in suspense, but compensated for by the very clever
manner in which the horses were arranged, according to the
order of drawing, and the success with which 'they were got
oil' at the first signal. Chatterbox and Newcourt, both of the
first rank, jumped off together, and with Farthing Candle,
Mickey Free, Cherry, Mendicant, and several others,
closely laid up, made the pace good to the top turn,
where Mendicant and St. Lawrence dropped into the centre;
Chatterbox gave up his place directly after, and Erin-go-
Bragh going to the front, took up the running at a moderate
speed, followed by Newcourt and Mickey Free, Farthing
Candle, Arthur, and Camera Obscura next, and in the rear
Ratcliffe, the Lamb, and Annandale. They ran in nearly
this order to the back of the course the second time round,
when Erin-go-Bragh, having had enough of it, resigned the
lead, and at once retired from the first rank, Newcourt then
took up the running, attended by Mickey Free, next to
whom were Farthing Candle, Inheritress, Arthur, and one
or two others; Mendicant and St. Lawrence still lying
in the ruck. Arthur was beaten at the lower turn,
and at the last turn Mickey Free broke
down, and was out of the race. St. Lawrence
now began to show in front, and at the distance had deprived
Newcourt of his lead ; immediately after, Mendicant, who
was eighth or ninth at the turn, and apparently shut out,
cleared her horses, and joined company ; at the stand she
was at St. Lawrence's girths, and had the distance been
twenty yards longer she would have won ; as it was she
made a gallant fight of it, the horse winning with the
greatest difficulty by a head. Newcourt was beaten two
lengths, and was run in very closely by Farthing Candle and
Tom Tough ; Inheritress sixth. The Lamb, Annandale,
Clermont (who was coughing), and Ratcliffe, were beaten all
the way, Clermont being absolutely last, and The Limb last
but one. The pace was very moderate. The settling will
take place to• morrow, and is likely to be harmless. The amount
won by Mr. Drinkald—said to be for himself and friends-
-20,0001., (in addition to the stake, which is worth 2,240 i.
clear), coming out of a great number of pockets.

PRICE sn.

CURRENCY.
PETITION OF THOMAS BARBER 'WRIGHT
AND JOHN HARLOW.
The humble Petition of the untileuoigued Inhabitants of

the borough of Birmingham,
Showeth,—That your petitioners regard with great
apprehension the operations of an Act passed in the
seventh and eighth years of the reign of her present
Majesty, intituled, " An Act to regulate the issue of
Bank-notes, and for giving to the Governor and Company
of the Bank of England certain privileges for a certain
period;" and your petitioners are therefore anxious to
call the serious attention of your Honourable House to
the injurious effects which the carrying out of the Act
has already produced upon the monetary and mercantile
and trading interests of the nation, and to the still more
injurious effects which are likely to result from the fur-
ther continuance of its operativns.
Your petitioners would remind your Honourable
House, that the aforesaid Act has been stated to be a
" complement" of other measures, having for their ob-
ject the regulation of the currency of this country by
the Bank of England and the other banks of the country,
and was passed byyour Honorable House, under the pita
that it " woul i mitigate or terminate those evils which
have at various times afflicted the country in cons, quence
of rapid fluctuations in the amount and value of the me-
dium of exchange," and " put a check on speculation,
and insure, so far as legislation can insure, the just re-
ward of industry, and the legitimate profit of commercial
enterprise, conducted with integrity, and controlled by
provident calculation."
That the system of which the Bill of 1844 is said to
be the complement, professes to regulate the circulating
medium of this country by the influx and efflux of bul-
!ion: when the Bank of England holds a large quantity
of hellion it can is Aue an abundance of credit money;
-kbut,•in.proportioni.s the decreases, the Bank is
compelled to diminish the amount of its credit money.
The true uses of credit money are, in the opinions of
your petitioners, thus reversed; for when the country is
in a position to do without the aid of the Bank 'credit,
then the Bank can furnish it most abundantly; but when
credit money is really requirtd, the Bank is compelled
to withhold its help. Your petitioners would refer to
the present position of the Bank as fully bearing out
these allegations. The country is now, labouring under
a great calamity, in consequence of the deficient produce
of the harvests of 1845 and 1846; and this calamity, in
the opinion *of your petitioners, is greatly aggravated by
the present inefficient system of currency, which, as
your Honourable -House will perceive, contracts credit
when credit is most required, and thus adds calamity to
calamity, instead of mitigating the evil.
Your petitioners would humbly submit to your Ho-
nourable House, that, in consequence of the deficiency
in the harvests alluded to, the prices and value of food
have been considerably enhanced, and that the labourer
has consequently to give a larger amount of his labour
for the same amount of food, Your petitioners entreat
your Honourable House to observe the workings of the
system under this state of things. In consequence of the
deficiency in the produce of the harvests of this country,
food has to be imported from abroad, and this food, the
demand for it being sudden, has to be paid for in gold:
the result of this is, that the basis of the credit money of
the country is taken away—that is, the bullion upon
which the credit money is issued—and the paper money,
which constitutes the active currency of the country, is
consequently diminished. The operation of the system
is already rendered painfully evident in the money mar-
ket. The Three per Cent. Consols, which were above
par at the latter end of 1844 and beginning of 1845, and
which, even no further back than June, 1846, were at
971., are now (April 10, 1847) at 861. The unfunded
debt, railway shares, canal shares, and other property,
have been in like manner operated upon. The quantity
of labour finding active employment has already been
seriously lessened; the labourer will, therefore, have to
pay higher prices for food out of diminished wages. The
amount of his labour is lessened at the very time he
should, if possible, have fuller employment. The paying
of higher prices for food is an evil which, under the cir-
cumstances of a deficient' harvest, cannot be avoided;
bat short employment under the same circumstances is
an evil which the present system of currency, by de-
stroying credit money when it is most required, aggra-
vates to an enormous extent. If the credit money were
not destroyed, the diminution of employment would be
small in amount; and, in many cases, would scarcely
be felt.

Your petitioners would entreat the attention of your
Honourable House to the fact, that the amount of legal-
tender money is very small in comparison with the large
business transactions of the nation, and that a slight
diminution of the legal-tender money destroys Jarge
masses of credit. The active circulation of the Bank of
England, for the week ending August 29, 1846, when it
held 16,366,0681. of bullion, was 21,311,8101.; the active
circulation for the week ending the 3d day of April,
1847, with bullion amounting to only 10,246,4101., is
20,815,2341., making a difference in the actual circula-
tion of 496,576/. Ti is diminution, small as it is, acting
coujoin•cly with the ',;strust which the rapid diminution
of the b' ,;lion has cr...►ted,bperates upon more than one
hundred millions of credit in the shape of mercantile bills,
and upon credit in other shapes to an enormous amount.
It is thus evident that, as the trade and commerce of the
nation are carried on and sustained by credit, steadiness
of quantity in the legal-tender money of the country is
of vital importaeco to the trading community. Under
the present system of currency, the fluctuations of the
exchanges acting upon the immense masses of credit
' transactions, render "prudent calculation" impossible.
Had the directors of the Bank of England acted strictly
in accordance with the principles of the late enactment,
the fluctuation of the present time would be much
greater than it now is ; for whilst there has been a fluc-
tuation of bullion amounting to 6,119,6551., there is only
a difference in the - active circulation amounting to
496,5764 on comparison of the two returns before
alluded to.

Your petitioners are aware that the directors of the
Bank of England have been much blamed for not acting
up more strictly to the intention of the Act of 1844.
But your petitioners consider that it must be evident to
your Honourable House, from the facts here detailed,
that the directors of the Bank of England have done the
utmost that a bad system would allow them to do, to
keep free from " alternations and vicissitudes in that
medium of exchange which regulates the value of every
article iu the country." Your Honourable House must
at once perceive that if the directors of the Bank of Eng-
land had reduced their active circulation in the same
proportion as the bullion has been diminished, the de-
struction of credit that must have ensued would, before
this, have brought about a panic much more disastrous
than the panic of 1825. Such, however, is the restrictive
nature of the Act of 1844, that, in the opinion of your
petitioners, the Bank can no longer contend against its
operations. With a much larger amount of bullion in
its possession at the present time, compared with former
seasons of money pressures, the directors have less power
to help the trading community; and have been compelled
not only greatly to increase the rate of interest upon
loans, but have also found it necessary, for the safety of
the Bank, to absolutely retuse paper of a very high class,
such as a short time ago would have been freely dis-
counted.

Your petitioners would also submit, that the evil effects
of the fluctuations of the exchanges are greatly aggra-
vated by the immense fixed monetary engagements of the
nation, and that, these and the foregoing causes ope-
rating together„render the present system of currency
altogether unjust and impolitic, and call for the imme-
diate interference of your Honourable House. The fore-
going statements clearly show that the system of cur-
rency, which it was said the Act of 1844 would render
complete, has not and cannot "prevent alternations
and vicissitudes in that medium of exchange
which regulates the value of every article in
the country ;" on the contrary, your Honourable
House will perceive that it has very much aggra-
vated them, and has rendered them more disastrous to
the commercial and trading interests of the community,
and to the productive classes generally, than heretofore
has been the case.

Your petitioners are of opinion, that the best means
by which the evils re,ulting from the late deficient
harvests can be mitigated, will be by the issue of paper-
money sufficient to sustain the trade of the country
during the absence of the gold currency; and that a
system of paper-money, established with proper checks,
would at all times be best adapted •to the wants of the
country.
Your petitioners observe that, according to the last
rt turns of the Bank of England, the amount held by the
Bank to carry on its business transactions is only
4,391,4701. Your petitioners therefore pray your
Honourable House to take the state of the Bank and the
currency into immediate consideration, and, by the
timely exercise of the. authority of your Honourable
House, protect the population of this country from those
evils with which they are now threatened, and which
cannot fail to visit them if the Act of 1844 is alloried to
continue in operation.
And your petitioners will ever pray for the prosperity
of your Honourable House.
THOMAS BARBER WRIGHT,
Newspaper Proprietor, Union-street, Birmingham.
JOHN HARLOW, Printer,
Summer-lane, Birmingham.

PETITION OF THOMAS GLUTTON SALT.
The humble Petition of Thomas Clutton Salt, 01
Birmingham.
_ .

Showetb,—That the fact-is before your Honourable
House, that, whenever the exchanges become adverse,
gold is exported, and the Bank of England is compelled
to diminish her issue of paper money, thereby effecting
a double drain on the basis of our monetary means.
That a very trivial diminution of this basis has been
invariably accompanied by an abatement of the rapidity
of the circulation of the remainder, and a derangement
of the vast superstructure resting upon it. The dimi-
nished money is incapable of
.paying undiminished debt,
or of supplying the undiminished necessities of exist-
ence; and thus a prosperous, wealthy, and industrious
people, by this weakness of the monetary system, is
suddenly reduced to insolvency, ruin, and pauperism.
That the facts are also before your Honourable House,
that the general depression of foreign markets, and the
prosperity and comparatively high prices maintained in
,
the English markets, has stimulated importations,and
correspondingly checked exportations.
That the general reduction of importdaties_. goods
ssal-
lowed the introduction of large
quantities
hitherto virtually prohibited. m