The Sun.
London, England, 1849-01-05 00:00:00

THE POPE.

The following is the protest of the Pope, made at
Gaeta on the 17th ult., against the creation of a
Junta at Rome:—

"Raised by Divine dispensation, in a manner almost
miraculous, in spite of our unworthiness, to the Sove-
reign Pontificate, one of my first cares was to endeavour
to establish a union between the subjects of the tem-
poral state of the Church, to make peace between
families, to do them good in all ways, and, as far as
depended upon us, to render the state peaceable and
flourishing. But the benefits which we did all in our
power to heap upon our subjects, the wide founded insti-
tutions which we have granted to their desires, far, as we
must in all candour declare, from inspiring that acknow-
ledgment and gratitude which we had every right to ex-
pect, hive occasioned to our heart only reiterated pain
and bitterness, caused by those ungrateful men whom
our paternal eye wished to see daily diminishing in
number. All the world can now tell how our benefits
have been answered, what abuse has been made of our
concessions; how, by denaturalising them, and pervert-
ing the meaning of our words, they have sought to mis-
lead the multitude, so that these very benefits and insti-
tutions have been turned by certain men into arms, with
which they have committed the most violent outrages
upon our sovereign authority, and against the tem-
poral rights o f the Holy See. Our heart refuses to
repeat in detail the events which have taken place since
the 15th of November, the day on which a Minister who
had our confidence was barbarously murdered by the
hand of an assassin, applauded with a still greater
barbarity by a troop of infuriated enemies to God, to
man, and to every just political institution. This first
crime opened the way to a series of crimes committed
the following day, with sacrilegious audacity. They
have already incurred the execration of every upright
mind in our state, in Italy, and in Europe; they have
incurred execration. in all the parts of the earth. This
is the reason why we can spare our heart the intense
pain of recapitulating them here. We were constrained
to withdraw from the place in which they were com-
mitted, from that place where violence prevented us from
applying any remedy, reduced to weep over and
deplore with good men those sad events, and the still
more lamentable want of power in justice to act
against the perpetrators of these abominable crimes.
Providence has conducted us to this town of Gaeta,
where, finding ourselves in full liberty, we have, against
the authors of the aforesaid attempts and acts of
vielence, solemnly renewed the protests which we issued
at Rome at the first moment, in the presence of the Re-
presentatives accredited to us of the Courts of Europe,
and of other and distant nations. By the same acts,
without in any manner departing from the institutions
we had created, we took care to give temporarily to our
states a legitimate governmental representation, in
order that, in the capital and throughout the
state, provision should be made for the regu-
lar and ordinary course of public affairs, as well
as for the protection of the persons and pro-
perty of our subjects. By us, moreover, has been pro-
rogued the session of the High Council and the Council
of Deputies, who had recently been called to resume
their interrupted sittings. But these determinations of
our authority, instead of causing the perturbators and
the author's of the acts of sacrilegious violence of which
we have spoken to return into the path of duty, have
urged them to make still greater attempts. Arrogating to
themselves the rights of sovereignty, which belong only
to us, they have, by means of the two Councils, instituted
in the capital an illegitimate govermental representation,
under the title of Provisional Supreme Junta of the
State, which they have published by an Act dated the
12th of the present month. The duties of our sove-
reignty, in which we cannot fail, the solemn oaths with
which we have, in the presence of God, promised to
preserve the patrimony of the Holy See, and to
transmit it in all integrity to our successors, obliges us
andraise
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.have followed the violence committed upon us, protest-
ing above all that this Junta of State established at
Rome is a usurpation of our sovereign powers, and that
the said Junta has not and cannot have any autho-
rity. Be it knowi then to all our subjects, whatever
may be their rank or condition, that at Rome and
throughout the whole extent of the Pontifical State
there is not and cannot be any legitimate power which
does not emanate expressly from us, that we have, by
the sovereign motu-proprio of the 27th November, in-
stituted a temporary Commission of Government, and
that to it alone belongs exclusively the government of
the nation during our absence, and until we ourselves
shall have otherwise ordained.

" Pius PAPA IX."

THE PENINSULAR. AND ORIRNTAL STEAM NAVI-,
CATION COMPANY.—The subjoined circular has been
issued by the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation
Company, announcing to their shareholders the completion
of a contract with the Government for continuing the con-
veyance of the India and China mails between Southamp-
ton and Alexandria, the termination of the contract en-
tered into Sept. 1, 1840, taking place this day :—" London,
Dec. 29, 1848.—1 am instructed by the directors to ap-
prize you that, since the presentation of their annual
report to the proprietors, on the 13th instant, the Lords
Commissioners of the Admiralty have made a proposal,
and an agreementhas been entered into accordingly, for a
continuation of this company's contract for the convey-
ance of the India and China mails between Southampton
and Alexandria, on the terms of an offer made to their
Lordships by the directors, in consequence of their Lord-
ships having opened the service to public tender in May
last—namely, for aperied of not less than four years,
and afterwards, until notice shall be given by either of
the contracting parties to discontinue it. Payment,
24,0001. for the first year, with an abatement of 5001.
per annum, for so long as the contract shall continue
thereafter—a condition which the directors consider the
gradual development of the company's passenger and
commercial traffic will enable them to afford, and which
will tend to insure the permanency of the company with
the service.—l am, &c., C. W. HOWELL, Secretary."
A Goon HlNT.—There are thousands and thou-
sands of acres in England overrun with a plant of native
growth, the value of which as a forage crop is not hypo-
thetical, but has been established by experience in the
limited area to which it is cultivated for a larger sum
than the finest crop of wheat. It requires no manure
and no cultivation except during the first year; it is not
particular about soil, provided it can have a dry bed,
no mattter whether of loam, sand, ',gravel, or rubly rock,
in which to strike its roots. That plant is gorse—or,
to use a name more familiar in the south of England,
where we would urge its cultivation—furze. If such a
plant were imported from the Falkland Isles or the Cape
of Good Hope, what a treasure it would be deemed! It
covers our own waste, and therefore it is despised, though
the Royal Agricultural Society have set their seal to its
value. In one number of their journal they have told us
that in Ireland land not worth 3s. the acre yields a rent
of more than 5/. as gorse ground, applied to the feeding
of young cattle. They have shown what a powerful
engine it furnishes for the improvement of better soils,
more worthy of surface cultivation. And yet, notwith-
standinginfluential members of the Royal Agri-
cultural Societythis,
hesitate to recommend its cultivation for
laughed at.. We shall, on a future occa-
fea rofb e alling
his
occa-
sion, point out an extensive district in the south of
England, lying at present in a state of nature, large por-
tions of which are as capable of improvement as the once
poor soils of Norfolk, which have been so largely in
creased in value by cloying and marling, and by artificial
-
and animal manures. Gorse flourishes on it in large
quantities, without any culture, and in the greatest
luxuriance, and only requires to be applied to the feeding
of cattle to become the motive power in improvement,
and the means of generating organic manures, which are
essential auxiliaries to improvement by claying and
marling.
—Agricultural Gazette.
REGULATIONS OF THE LONDON BRIGADE IN CASE OF
FIRES.—On Wednesday the London Fire. engine Estab-
lishment issued to the police a code of regulations for the
better guidance of that force and the public generally in
the event of the outbreak of a fire within the metro-
politan district. It is printed on thick cards, and a copy
will, in the course of a few days, be within the hands of
every police-constable in the City and metropolitan dis-
tricts. On one side of the card is printed a list of the
several fire-engine stations, and the names of the com-
panies forming the brigade. On the other side is printed
the following :—" It is found very useful in praventing
the spread of fire to keep shut the doors and windows
of the premises (after the escape of the inmates) till the
water is ready to be thrown, as nothing causes a fire to
burn so rapidly as the admission of air. Any police-
constable who first discovers a fire without having his
attention called to it by any one, is allowed a sum not
exceeding 10s., provided no human lives are lost ; and it
will generally be more prudent for one policeman to re-
main on the spot, and send another person to call the
engines. A
any of the engine stations, is allowed Is. for each station,
Any person giving the first call to a fire at
which will be paid by the engineer. Cab hire or other
)
expenses incurred by a police-constable, for the sake of
expedition, will be repaid, on the charge being certified
by his superintendent —(Signed JAMES Blm:moon,
Superintendent 67, 68, and 69, Watling-street, City,
Tan. 1, 1849."

FATAL ACCIDENT IN A COTTON MILL AT ASHTON.
—On Tuesday forenoon an accident, which terminated
in loss of life, occurred at Messrs. Stanley and Chad•
wick's cotton-mill, Ashton, a young girl having been
taken round an upright shaft and literally dashed to
pieces. From the facts which we have ascertained at
the mill, it appears that a girl of the name of Hannah
Dearden, fourteen years of age, whose parents reside in
Charlestown, was employed at the above mill as a
setter-in for a jack-frame ; that, while at work, putting
in some bobbins behind the frame, her clothes were
caught by the shaft, which is about two feet from a wall
and revolves at the rate of a hundred and sixty times a
minute: On finding that the shaft was taking her round
she gave a loud scream, which attracted attention and
created the greatest confusion. The next moment she
was a corpse.—Manchester Courier.

-LAW INTELLIGENCE.
,SHERIF,T,'S' C')URT. Jan. 4.
(Before Alr. Under-Sheriff Bußcn ELL.)

HOLES V. THE SOUTH-WESTERN RAILWAY COMPANY.

In this care, which had not concluded when our
report left, the jury returned into court with a verdict
for the defeodants—adding, "that thvy considered the
plaintiff had been very harshly dealt with indeed by
the company."