The Sun.
London, England, 1841-09-04 00:00:00

THE DIVISI

E ADDRESS.

After a debate of four nights the House of Commons
came to a division on the Address on Saturday morning
last, when the numbers stood as follow :
For the amendment
Against it
Majority against Ministers
This majority is considerably larger than was anticipated
in any quarter ; but even if the members composing it
were a united party, instead of one made up of most dis-
cordant materials, it could not be looked upon as the work-
ing majority of Sir H. Peel. Counting the tellers on both
sides, and omitting the Speaker, who only gives a casting
vote in case of equality, there were present 633 Members
—a larger 'House than has been assembled for many
years. The remaining Members are thus accounted for:—
there were two•pairs, three seats vacant, Bradford, North
Yorkshire, and Meath (the latter in consequence of Mr.
O'Connell's return for both Meath and Cork), and three
Tories and fifteen Liberals absent without pairs. Sup-
posing the vacancies' to be occupied in the same manner
as at the last election, and counting the Speaker, the
numbers will stand thus :-29(f Liberals to 368 Tories,
giving the latter a 'majority of sevent-eight. Of the
fifteen absent Liberals one only is known to have pur-
posely abstained from voting—General Johnson, the
Member for Oldham—and that for reasons worthy of
Dogberry himself. On Saturday the Gallant (would
we could say the sapient) General thought it neces-
sary to explain these reasons. They were, in ef-
fect, that he disapproved of the Whigs in some
respects, and had no confidence whatever in the
Tories, argnl he would not throw the obstruc-
tion of his vote in the way of a Tory Ministry.
The General had not the wit to choose the lesser of two
evils, and it was to a similar instance of stolidity on his
part and that of his colleague, Mr. John Fielden, that the
Tories owed their Majority of one on the want of confi-
dence motion in the last Parliament. We wish the peo-
ple of Oldham joy of their representatives. Looking,
however, to the Tory majority, whether it be eighty or
ninety, and leaving out of question its heterogeneous
composition, we do not regard it as a subject of despon-
dency, or consider it as one which can long withstand the
force of public opinion. We have been at the pains of
analyzing the division list, and we have drawn up the
following table, which distinguishes the votes of the
borough, University, and county Members, for and
against the amendment on the Address, including the
the tellers :

Majority

. _
For. Agst. For. Agst,
Boroughs—English and Welsh 156 ... 170
Scotch
Irish l6 ... 20
Universities—English ...... .. 4 ... •••••• 4 •••
Irish
Counties—English and Welsh 138 ... 16 ......122 ...
Scotch ... 19 .. 8
Irish 25 ... 36 ...... ... 11

362

ANTI-CORN-LAW MOVEMENT IN CHICHES
TER.—On Tuesday evening, at the Independent Chapel
a public meeting was held, when the Rev. W. Malden
having returned from the Manchester Conference, gave
an address which extended to an hour and a half, com-
prising an outline of the four days' Conference, and
which was listened to with serious and deep attention.
At the close of the Rev. Mr. Malden's address, it was
moved by the Rev. John Fullagar, the Unitarian minis-
ter of Chichester, and unanimously adopted by the meet-
ing:—" That, in the opinion of this meeting, the Con-
ference of Christian ministers lately held in the town of
Manchester is entitled to the thanks of the nation ; that
the proceedings of the Conference were characterized by
Christian kindness towards the poor, and calculated to
exert a beneficial influence ; and that it is the duty of
this city to petition the Legislature for the total repeal
of all laws which restrict the supply of food to the people."
We learn from Switzerland, that Professor
Agassiz, of Neufchatel, is established, with several
savants, on the glacier of the Aar, in the canton of •
Berne, making observations on the geological phenomena
attendant on glaciers. and superintending a bore which is
driving down through the glaciers. The bore has gone
down 80 feet ; the thermometer marks—one-third ; and
at night falls to six. Lord Enniskillen, Professor
Forbes, Messrs. Robertson and Martins, have visited
Professor Agassiz in his rocky grotto, where his com-
panions are Messrs. Studer and Escher.—Literary
Gazette.
ANOTHER ANTI-CORN-LAW MOVE.—We
learn that a number of large and influential spinners and
manufacturers had a meeting at Manchester, on Tues-
day last, to consider the propriety of withdrawing their
business from all merchants and brokers in Liverpool
who gave their support to pro Corn-law Members of Par-
liament ; and . they came to the conclusion that such a
course- would be quite justifiable, and that they. .saw no
reason for giving business to those who were doing their
best to deprive them of their means of living—no reason
for increasing the wealth of those who were reducing
them to poverty. Another meeting of the spinners and
manufacturers of the town and neighbourhood of Man-
chester was fixed for Tuesday next, -for the purpose of
considering further of the matter, and carrying it into
effect.—Chronicle.
FORCE OF TRUTH. Dreadful limits are
set in nature to the powers of dissimulation. Truth
tyrannizes over the unwilling members of the body.
Faces never lie, it is said. No man need be deceived
who will study the changes of expression. When a man
speaks the truth in the spirit of truth, his eye is as clear
as the heavens. When he has base ends, and speaks
falsely, the eye is muddy and sometimes asquint. I
have beard an experienced counsellor say that he feared
never the effect upon a Jury of a lawyer who does not
believe in his heart that his client ought to have a ver-
dict. If he does not believe it, his unbelief will appear
to the Jury, despite all his protestation, and will become
their unbelief. This is that law whereby a work of art,
of whatever kind, sets us iu the same state of mind
wherein the artist was when he made it. That which
we do not believe we cannot adequately say, though we
may repeat the words never so often.—Essay on Spiritual
Laws.
THE HARVEST.—We have had several days
of the brightest weather, and the sickle has been most
busily at work. The crops are stated to be thin in the
ground, and the rust has in a few instances prevailed.
Should the fine weather last till the end of the week, we
imagine a large proportion of the corn in West Somerset
will be housed.—Dorchester JournaL
A WOMAN'S ADVANTAGES.—A woman may
say what she likes to you, without the risk of getting
knocked down for it. She can take a snooze after dinner
while her husband has to go to work. She can dress
herself in neat and tidy shoes for a dollar, which her
husband has to earn and fork over to her. She can take
a walk on a pleasant day without the fear of being asked
to treat at every coffee-house she passes. She can paint
her face, if too pale, or flour it, if too red. She can stay
at home in time of war, and wed again if her husband
is " kilt." She can wear corsets if too thick, and other
fixins if too thin.—Buffalo Times.
SINGULAR CASE OF SPONTANEOUS COM-
nusTioN.--Between the hours of eight and nine, on
Wednesday evening last, a fire, which at first assumed an
alarming character, was discovered raging in the base-
ment of the preniises belonging to Mr. Archbutt, pawn-
broker and silversmith, No. 110, Blackfriar's-roal, near
the Magdalen Hospital, and on inquiry being instituted,
it was ascertained to have commenced in the cellars,
which were fitted up as store-rooms for the reception of
beds, bedding, carpets, &c. With great exertions the
ravages of the fire were confined to the cellars, and in
about half an hour it was wholly subdued ; but the loss
of property is stated to be very considerable, nearly the
whole of the beds, carpets, &c. that the cellars contained
being all but consumed. There is every reason to
believe that the fire is the effect of spontaneous combus-
tion, and that one of the beds contained rags mixed with
flock, which, by some means, became damp, and being
closely piled one a top of another they heated to a state
of combustion, and ultimately burst into flames. Un-
fortunately Mr. Archbutt was severely burnt about the
hands and face, in extinguishing the flames. The pro-
perty is stated to be insured in the Union and Atlas
Fire-offices to the extent of several thousand pounds.
SOUTH EASTERN RAILWAY.—Some very re-
markable organic remains of those gigantic Saurian rep-
tiles which characterize the Wealden formation, have re-
cently been discovered in the cutting forming the en-
trance to the Bletchingley tunnel, on the South Eastern
Railway. They are chiefly vertebrae of Megalosauri and
Iguanodons, with some of smaller reptiles of the same
class. They are in the possession of Mr. Simms, the re-
sident engineer of the company at Bletchingley. The
cutting from which these relics of a former world were
taken discloses a magnificent section of the Weald strata.
The huge primeval lizards whose skeletons are thus
brought to light must have sported in the waters or
roamed along the bank of the great lake or estuary for-
merly covering the districts of the Wealds of Kent and
Surrey ; the bottom of which lake now forms the exten-
sive level through which the Dover Railway is carried.
The cuttings on this line near its junction with the Brigh-
ton Railway at Reigate are also highly interesting to the
geological inquirer.
NOVEL APPLICATION.—Thursday consider-
able merriment was caused at the Town-hall, Brighton,
by the following novel application :—A comely-looking
dame, " fat, fair, and forty," named Lucy Smith, applied
to the Magistrates for their advice. She stated that she
had two husbands, and wanted to get rid of one.—
(Laughter.) She had not heard of her first husband
until within a few days for seventeen years. Thinking
he was dead, she married again about three years back,
Major Allen told her she had rendered herself
liable
to be indicted for bigamy. The applicant said her first
husband enlisted for a soldier, and left her with four
children.- He had now returned, and came to her house
all hours of the night, creating a disturbance, and
she wished to have a summons against him, as she was
afraid he wonld do her some in,juq, Allen —But
you are his wife, and ho has a pipit to take possession of
you.—(Laughter.) Applicant—But he always:iai used
ill, and I have no wish to live with him. 01. A llenni—e
I cannot alter the law. If the first husband makes his
appearance he can claim you, although he has been ab-
sent so long. You might have learned from the War-

SLAVERY IN THE EAST INDIES. office whether he was alive or dead. Perhaps the - first
----BENGAL.—In- this division of the report the systems and second _ husbands' can agree about the bargain.—
of bondage and slavery prevailing in the territories (Laughter.) You shall have a summons and bring both
which were subject to the presidency of Bengal prior to your husbands here, and we will see if we can Fake au
the year 1841 are treated of under twenty-two separate arrangernent.—(Laughter.) The applicant tha&cd the
heads. Our limited space will, however, only enable us Magistrate, and retired. V
to give a few extracts from the most important of these " Ephraim," said Simon, " what does a young
heads, showing, in a degree, the nature of East Indian fellow look like, when gallanting his sweetheart through
slavery. . a shower ? " " Why, said Ephraim, looking at his
1. PREVALENCE of SLAVERY.—SIavery prevails boot, "he has very much the appearance of a rain beau!"
more or less throughout the whole of these territories ; We have received from a correspondent, now
the number of the slaves in some parts is considerable, a travelling on the Rhine, some particulars relative to the
wealthy zemindar often possessing as many as 2,000,4 Belgian railways, which cannot fail to interest ojir
and it is stated that there are 200 or 250 landholders readers. That part of Germany has already been
who possess that number each. One of the witnesses brought very near to London by the steam navigation;
examined is himself the owner of fifty slaves ; in other and at a very cheap rate ; but the continuation of the
districts the slaves are comparatively few. In the railroad from Liege to Cologne will, in a short time, add
northern, central, and southern districts of Cuttack the materially to the rapidity of the communication. From
proportion of the slaves to the free population is supposed the latter place to Aix-la-Chapelle the line will b
to be as six to ten, but this proportion is considered opened in a few days ; though two years will probabl
excessive, elapse before the part of the line from Aix to Liege i
"In the city of Calcutta the majority of the Mahome- completed, that not having been begun as soon as th
dan, Portuguese, Armenian, Parsee, and Jew inhabi- other, and there being much greater difficulties to sur-
tants possess slaves. In the districts of'Bengal lying mount. The terminus of the Ostend line at Ans, near
beyond the Ganges slavery prevails to a great extent. Liege, is on a very high level, and it is now in the course
In Tipperah the slaves are supposed to constitute one- of being brought down to cross the river Meuse, near
fourth of the population ; in Mymensingh all the great the town, by inclined planes: It will afterwards follow
zemindars have slaves in proportion to their wealth, who the pretty and romantic valley of the Verder to Ver-
are settled on their estates ; one landholder, a lady, pos- viers, crossing the river no less than six or seven and
sesses 1,400 slaves of this description ; even persons who twenty times, and the road six times, by very handsome
live upon small salaries, such as clerks and accountants, bridges, as they promise to be from the piers that are
have generally five or six slaves, already constructed, of very good stone, which is found
In the Delhi territory the keeping of slaves is almost close to the spots where it is wanted. There are
stated to be almost entirely confined to the city of nine galleries, as the French call them on the Simplon,
Delhi, though in all the surrounding independent states, through projecting masses of rock, round which the ri-
especially where the chiefs are Mahomedans, it is ver flows, so that in many instances there is a very hand-
more common. In 1813 Sir C. Metcalfe, then resident some bridge on each side of the entrance to the tunnel.
at Delhi, addressing Government on the means of This will be a most beautiful road to travel on the rails,
checking the traffic in slaves within this territory, ob- and the railroad, with its bridges, stone embankments to
served :—" The natives of this country are undeniably the river, &c., will also form a most interesting object
greatly addicted to the purchase of slaves, especially of to those who travel by the post road, both in point of
the female sex ; some because slaves are kept at a less picturesque appearance, and as being worth/ of notice in
expense than other servants,—others for the sake of the an engineering point of view. From Verviers the road
privacy of the apartMents of their wives,—others for the runs in a different direction to that followed by the post
gratification of their own vicious propensities,—others
road.—Brighton
for the purpose of public prostitution. They will go Gazette.
Filberts are unusually abundant. Fine fruit was
to any expense, and run any risk, to procure slaves.''
offered in our markets on Saturday at sevenpence per
11. ORIGIN OF SLAVERY.—The slavery prevailing in pound, which, at this time last year realised eighteen-
the territories subject to the Bengal Presidency may be pence.—Kent Herald.
traced to several sources : Immense quantities of mackarel have been taken
1. The sale, or gift of children by their parents, or
during the passing week off Portland Beach, and the
other natural guardians. islanders are now busily engaged in curing their winter
2. The sale of children and adults by their mothers, or
stock of this favourite fish.— Dorchester Journal.
maternal relations.
3. The sale of wives by their husbands. The agricultural papers are urging the farmers
4. The self-sale of adults. to do their hoeing during the dry weather. This is ac-
5. Marriage, or cohabitation with a slave. cording to the scriptural injunction, which says, " Hoe,
6. Kidnapping. , every one that thirsteth."
7. Importation. GROWTH OF FREE-TRADE PRINCIPLES.--
8. Birth. The expectation that civilised nations may become, in
Of all the modes by which free-born persons pass into no long time, suffiiciently enlightened to understand the
the state of slavery, the first-mentioned is the most gene- advantages of free-trade is not visionary. ' Even at pre-
ral and constant in its operation. These sales take place sent a progress towards a less restrictive system of cone-
under the pressure of ,any necessity, either to obtain an merce is visible over the whole civilised world. Protect-
advance of money, to discharge a debt, or to preserve ing duties between different parts of a country imme-
life. Dr. Buchanan mentions that in Rungpore poor pa- diately subject to the same Government are now gene-
rents sell their male children with more reluctance than rally abandoned. Yet Turgot's measure for permitting
the female, as being a greater resource for support in a, free trade in grain between the different provinces of
old age, and that in Shahabad they seldom sell them of France, caused an insurrection in 1775 ; the corn trade
either sex. between Ireland and England was first opened by Lord
In the case of wives being sold as slaves by their hus- Grenville's Administration in 1806 ; and the remaining
bands, the marriage is not thereby dissolved, and if the protecting duties between the same, two countries were
husband continues to have access to his wife, the offspring not removed till 1825. in The principle of a free co-
belong to the purchaser. In the famine which visited mercial intercourse has been . extended by the Prussian
the district of Agra in 1813 and 1814 persons were glad league to a certain number of neighbouring independ-
to sell'both their women and children for a few rupees, ent states. And, although every nstior still asserts
and even for a single meal.—Report of the Indian Law the expediency of duties intended for the protection—as
Commissioners, printed by the House of Commons. • it is falsely styled—of native industry and commerce,
and not for the levying of a revenue for the Governmenr,
yet they all show a disposition to diminish the number
and rigour of the prohibitions and restrictions by which
this so-called protection is afforded. Thus slow and
painful are the advances of human reason, made, as it
were, by groping in the dark, and retarded at every step
by the opposition of short-sighted interest, the listless-
ness of routine, and the want of confidence in theoreti-
cal truths! If, however, the Governments of civilized
nations could once acquire so much reliance on the
moderation and enlightenment of the Governments of
other civilized nations as to expect that the latter would
allow an unrestricted trade with their_ own subjects, the
motive for the acquisition and possession of dependen-
cies, which is founded on the assumed folly of all Go-
vernments respecting commercial intercourse, would no
longer exist.--Lewis's Government of Dependencies.
DUNDEE TRADE.—We regret exceedingly to
have occasion to observe that here almost every branch
of trade is at present labouring under great depression.
Unless some improvement takes place, it is fearful to
think of the distress that must be felt, as winter ap-
proaches, by the working classes of the community, more
especially as the price of bread and other necessaries of
life seems to be increasing, as the means of paying for
them are growing less. Flax, which finds buyers 4n
small lots, may be quoted a shade lower, but the price
is regulated chiefly by the character of the buyer. Tow
and Codilla continue scarce, and maintain their prices.
Jute is quite nominal. Hemp and hemp codilla are
without alteration, either in demand or prices. Yarns
and linens of all sorts are of rather dull sale, and may
be noted a shade lower. The proposed imposition of a
duty of 20 per cent. on all linens imported into America
has already had some effect on prices here.—Courier.
TARDY JUSTICE.—During the Assizes just
closed, the subjects of mania tnd monomania have been
more than once discussed on behalf of prisoners charged
with serious crimes.. and examples have been cited from
works of authority on _the subject ; but we think the
Learned Counsellors had no occasion to go so far
out of their way to bring evidence of what was called
monomania, for they have a living example of its ef-
fects generally travelling the circuit with them ; and, as
one tact is worth fifty arguments, the time of the
Court, the patience of the Jury, as well as the evidence
of the medical gentlemen, which, by the bye, was
not of the most satisfactory and explicit nature, would
have been spared. Some of our readers may per-
haps be aware that the Judges of the Northern Circuit
are attended in their judicial route by a genteelly-dressed
female, a monomaniac, who fancies she has a very im-
portant trial at issue, that she has engaged one of the
Learned Counsellors as her advocate, and that the cause
is to come on immediately. Sometimes the officers of
the Court and she have slight skirmishes, as she generally
wishes to take a very prominent part in the hall of jus-
tice, and does not like to submit to any of the under-
strappers. At these assizes the poor lady has been
somewhat at a loss in consequence of the ab-
sence of her supposed advocate, notwithstanding
which, she has attended, and listened very patiently
and earnestly to the trials going on. On Tuesday
evening, just as his Lordship and the few of the long-
robes who remained were discussing the propriety of
finishing the last case that night, or leaving it till the
morning, her Ladyship, who had taken her place in one
of the scats appropriated for the Co unsellors, on hearing
Mr. Watson, who was next her, urge his Lordship to go
on with the case that night, rose, and with great calm-
ness addressed the Judge and Jury as follows :—" Yes,
my Lord and Gentlemen, and I hope, before you go,
you'll do see justice. It is nearly time for you ;my
case has been standing for nine years." A cry of " hush"
from her Learned Friend who was next her silenced the
good lady, and she left the Court, when the Judge re-
tired. We have heard it whispered that this poor woman
lost a considerable sum at one time by a law-suit, the re-
sult of which was the partial bereavement of her senses,
which accounts for her singular conduct.—Liverpoo 1
Mercury.
" THE ROBIN OF OUR CATHEDRAL."—IrI
our Journal of the 14th of February, 1835, we inserted
some beautiful verses under the above title, contributed
by a valued correspondent. Inquiry was made the other
day, what had become of the little songster, which for a
period of nine or ten years had taken up its abode
within the sacred walls ; and the answer elicited the
following anecdote, far more worthy of being perpe-
tuated than many a record inscribed on marble. The
bird has been missed from the church for some time,
and was supposed to have sought again " the ambient
fields of air," as more congenial to its nature than the
" cloistered dome ;" but on removing the altar-screen,
two or three years ago, for the purpose of erecting the
present handsome one of stone, the remains of the red-
breast were found behind it. Perhaps warned of ap-
proaching dissolution, having attained the venerable age
of some nine or ten summers, it had retired there for a
last resting-place. From long enjoyment of security,
and a constant meal supplied by its protector, Mr. Phil-
lips, the subsacrist, the bird had become so tame that it
was frequently seen perched on the choristers' desk,
peering over their books, and seeming to
grave look the merry smile ever ready to brigtiteo up
the face of boyhood, and which its presence_eexce ed ; or,
Pulpit, a mere seated on a pinnacle of the organ, swelling h
!rebuilms`i toitt
praise with the music of its own mellow. pRe ; at Other
times, stationed on the canopy of the
3tieesre.:.
at-
tentive listener than many of God's creatures,e and more
deeply interested in the preachtne's ni
minaithnes
free t h e
netsoo re ftf hr de and Bobby has : hal'd
as yet
Wednesday
found no successor in his honours
edder a
jp o,si t d
andb sas al. fear i. nudn
unities.
Bristol Journal.
last, two well-known professors of the art of pocket-
picking were placed at the bar of the Police-court,
sCvearthe
having been seen .. late the night before in a crowd
CAUTION TO PICKPOCKETS,—On
attempting to make free with the pockets of
their neighbours. The policeman who took them
into custody saw them ease one gentleman of his
handkerchief, and afterwards disappear in the crowd, One
of the rascals thought he was all right under these cir-
cumstances, and very impertinently called upon his ac-
cusers to produce the witness. Mr. Rushton heard wha*
he had to say, and then asked Mr. Parkinson if the ger;
tlemen were of his acquaintance. It turned our
that
the spokesman had only been committed sir- times
before, and his companion about four t;-
s,oen,g umheast
has that to do with it l" exclaimed 0--
a fellno‘ev • very in-
dignantly, " We've suffered for • , ,
wl ai
and that's no reason why —i
bwe we've done before,s
should e.ta en up on. t
charge." Mr. Rush-- -e.
•on replied,—" Having been sixteen
times commits-.' •
-u to gaol, whenever you are found out
late 1.. 1
11- night in the crowded streets the officers do their
duty in bringing you to Bridewell, and whenever they do
SQ 1 VIII send you to gaol for three months as a rogue
end vagabond. Go now." The two walked from the
bar apparently somewhat astounded that their eloquence
had no other effect on the Court.—Lirerpool Mercury.
SATISFACTION.—An Indian shoots his enemy
from behind a tree ; a Turk will strike his handjar into
the heart of his foe while he slumbers ; and a South
American Spaniard will rip up on
w the spot the
bowels of one who has insulted him; while an Eng-
lishman or a Frenchman calls out the man who has cast
a stain upon his honour, and running him through, ac-
cording to the rules of fence, or blowing out his brains at
the dropping of a handkerchief, walks away and calls
this a fair and open•revenge—receiving the satisfaction of
a gentleman.