The Sun.
London, England, 1847-10-29 00:00:00

Among other improbable rumours, it is stated that
General Herrera is now in command of the army, and
will proceed with 14,000 men to station himself at
Queretaro, where it is intended that the Mexican
Congress shall re-assemble. 'lt is also said that Santa
Anna has moved towards Puebla with 2,000 horse,
and that Paredes is raising troops with some success
in the state of Jalisco.
The New York Express says—
" There was a report by the last arrival from Vera
Cruz, that General Quitman, with 4,000 men, had
left the Mexican capital for the purpose of opening
communications with the coast. But we hardly think
General Scott would deem it advisable to weaken his
force in the capital so much as would be necessary to
carry out this movement. Obviously the communi-
cations ought to be opened from below."
General Rea is said to have gained full possession of
Puebla, but the Americans were pouring a deadly fire
upon his troops from the surrounding heights com-
manding the town.
Large reinforcements of American troops were on
their way from Vera Cruz to the Mexican capital.
By the last accounts from Vera Cruz, September 25,
there was an American force of 2,500 men at the
National-bridge, under General Lane ; another of
about 1,000 men at Jalapa, under Major Lally; a
garrison of a few hundred men at the fortress
.of
Perote ; and another bof about 1,000 men act
Puebla, under Cl:4°nel Childs. 'he greater part
of the force at the Nalknal-bri was imme-
diately to march for Jalapa, where it would be
joined by Major Lally's command, or a part of it,
and proceed to Perote, and thener to Puebla and
Mexico, to reinforce the main army under General
Scott. General Cushing's division of about 2,000
men was daily expected at Vera Cruz from the
Brazos, and would forthwith advance to the sup-
port of General Lane. As Lane's division will en-
counter opposition from the guerillas, particularly
at Cerro Gordo, where considerable fortifications
are said to have been erected, it is probable that
by the time he reaches Perote, General Cushing will
come up, which will swell the advancing column to
5,000 men.
Previous to the storming of the capital Santa Anna
issued the following address :
" The President Provisional of the Republic and
Commander-in-Chief of the Army to the Nation.
"Countrymen,—The enemy, availing himself of
idle pretext, has determined to commence hostilities
upon your beautiful city. Presuming us to be dis-
heartened and humiliated by the reverses of fortune,
he expected that I should subscribe a treaty by which
the territory of the republic would have been essen-
tiallylreduced, and the republic covered with shame
and ignominy. Mexicans do not deserve a fate so
ignominious, and, having been called upon spontane-
ously to direct their destinies, I have felt it my duty
to respond with all loyalty to their signal mark of
confidence, preserving those precious rights which
cannot be alienated, and thus affording an example
of energy and firmness which are the glory of nations.
" The enemy had proclaimed that they would pro-
pose to us a peace honourable for both nations, and it
became our duty to listen to them, that their treachery
might be made known. Their propositions, and all
the sequel of the negotiations, are to be published,
so that the civilized world may see that we were
ready to sacrifice all that our honour would permit us
to sacrifice ; and that on the other hand our enemies
set up measureless pretensions, which would have
destroyed the republic and converted it into a
miserable colony of the United States. To such
audacity we could oppose nothing but our firmness
and our valour.
" Mexicans! You will find me, as ever, leading
in your defence, striving to free you from a heavy
yoke, and to preserve your altars from infamous vio-
lation, and your daughters and your wives from the
extremity of insult. The enemy raises the sword to
wound your noble fronts; do you draw it likewise to
chastise the rancorous pride of the invader.
" Mexicans I For ever live the independence of
the_country!
" ANTONIO LOPEZ DE SANTA ANNA.
" Mexico, Sept. 7, 1847."
The following is the official Mexican account of
the capture of the city :
" To the Generals of the Several Departments.
Most Excellent Sir,—After the important and
great events that have yesterday taken place, there
remains no other alternative to the Government of
the Union than that of abandoning the capital, in
order that other means be adopted and pursued for
the harassing of the enemy. Accordingly, his Ehx-t
cellency orders me to inform you, in order
h Stateta
through you the Honourable Congress
tohf
tt esEx.
over which you preside may know its,
=tee military
cellency is firmly resolved to
operations against the invaders ;
.aPnrncolis that, whatever
the war, his
be the consequences resulting ±
Excellency is determined to wag
manner in
1. every possible
manner and by every attainable means.
" A heroic resistance was length theenecmapyiteasltafhor.
the space of six days, but at the
lished himself in place! and positions from which his
missiles and projectiles could reach the peaceful
thousands of the (city; thenff .the Supreme Govern-
ment,to be such as war-
ranted seeing the state
their departureo,fcahaairngesd their abode ; and
very soon I shall have the pleasure of announcing to
your Excellency the site upon which it will fix,
which at present is impossible for me to do, as it ac-
companies the army, and as yet is not agreed upon
the residence of the supreme power of the nation.
But as soon as the latter is known I will give your
Excellency a detailed account of everything that has
occurred, but now I shall confine myself to the single
following statement :
" The American army charged yesterday at day-
light with all its force upon Chapultepec, which, after
a spirited defence of six hours, yielded at last to the
attack of the enemy, who immediately marched to
take possession of a fortification situated between the
sentry-box of Belen and St. Thomas, St. Como and
the Citadel. The first advance was checked by the
troops his Excellency the President led up, disputing
the ground inch by inch, till finally the invader was
routed from the citadel, after nine hours' hard fight-
ing. The capital being in this situation, his Excel-
lency was anxious to avoid a bombardment and to
spare the tumult and confusion attendant upon an
assault, which would have given room for a thousand
calamities, and a repetition of those acts in which the.
army of the foe has manifested so instinctive a spirit
of extermination.
" His Excellency the President of the Republic

hopes that your Excellency will endeavour to pre..
serve and reanimate the public spirit, in order that
the war may be carried on with that vigour and
energy which the national honour and the rights of
the republic so imperiously demand.
" ALCORTA, Minister of War and Marine.
" Guadeloupe Hidalgo, Sept. 14, 1847."
The execution, by order of General Scott, of the
Irishmen in the Mexican service, had called forth the
following address, published in a supplementary
n umber of the Diaro del Gobierno, the official organ
of the Mexican Government :
"Mexicans !—Among the European volunteers
whom the American army has hired to kill us, there
are many unfortunate men who are convinced of the
injustice of this war, who profess the same Roman
Catholic religion we profess, but who, being harassed
by the misery which prevails in Europe, from the
want of employment, and the failure of crops, have
consented to enlist. Some of these men, abjuring
their errors, and following the noble impulses of their
hearts, have passed over to our army to defend our
just cause. From these his Excellency the President
formed the Foreign Legion, known under the name
of the Company of St. Patrick. At La Angostura
and at Cherubusco they bore themselves with the
highest intrepidity, and after the enemy had gained
possession of this last point, which was only after its
defenders had exhausted their last cartridge, they
were made prisoners.
" The generals of the American army, who cannot
count upon their soldiers in a war so iniquitous, save
through the influence of acts of ferocity, were deter-
mined to shoot these Irishmen. Scarcely was this
known to the city before every breast was filled with
horror at the thought. His Excellency, the Minister
of Relations, in a touching letter to the English Con-
sul, the estimable lady of her Britannic Majesty's
Minister, various private individuals, both Mexicans
and foreigners, we ourselves, and even the ladies of
families residing at Tacubaya, interceded for these
brave men ; and we expected that if they could not
be pardoned, they would at least be spared capital
punishment.
"It would have been deemed base and repugnant
to the laws of civilization as practised in modern wars
to offer the bloody spectacle of the execution of these
'men ; and yet it could have been palliated to a certain
extent by the part which those men took in the de-
fence of Cherubusco, but they had no share whatever
in the slaughter which was made the day before yes-
terday upon the heights of the King's Mlll. Well,
then, will you believe it, my countrymen ? this day,
in cold blood, these Caribs, from an impulse of super-
stition, and after the manner of savages, and as prac-
tised in the days of Homer, have hung up these men
as a holocaust—they have themselves said it—to the
manes of the general or generals who there fell ! And
in what manner did they hang them ? Noosing them
by the neck as they stood upon the ground, and so
suspending them that they died by inches,' strangled
by their own weight, the mode adopted being such
that their horrible agony lasted more than one hour
—a spectacle worthy of such men, or rather of demons
escaped from hell. This they did with eighteen of
these unhappy men, and among them the brave Cap-
tain Reilli, whose head they stuck upon a pike, and
planted at Cherubusco. To six others, who proved
that they had not volunteered but been impressed,
they gave 200 lashes each, and compelled them to dig
the graves of their companions.
" Mexicans ! These are the men who call us bar-
barians, and say they come to civilize us. These are
the *men who have plundered the houses of the sur-
rounding villages—who have stolen children from
their families—who have slept in the niches devoted
to the sacred dead—who have, with blasphemous re-
velry, clothed themselves with the ornaments of the
altars—who have thrown upon the ground the boljz
of Jesus Christ, and have made themselves drunk ins
drinking out of the sacred vessels ! Accursed mays
they be of all Christian th are of Gld!--44::
" Countrymen ! Theme Government'com-
mended its commissioners, as you have seen it already
published, that they should inquire. of their cknamis-
sioners, first of alrwhy • they had brouga war upon
our republic, with blood and fire ? what injuries we
have done to them, that they should thus seek to re-
venge themselves ? Their mode of concealing their
confusion at not being able to reply to these inquiries,
and of satisfying their displeasure because we would
not consent to an ignominious peace, has been to light
up anew the flames of war, to send us from the King's
Mill4the day before yesterday our assassinated coun-
trymen who had in no manner offended them, and to
glut their diabolical rage upon the defenceless men
whom they had in their power.
" Mexicans The Supreme Government conjures
us in the name of the honour of our race—in the
name of our dignity as men, and of God himself, that
we should all unite, by one unanimous and continued
effort, to revenge these great outrages, to yield never
to dismay, and to wage this war without truce and
without relenting. May remorse seize upon every
selfish or cowardly Mexican who cannot say to him-
self that he has fulfilled every duty as a public officer
and a good citizen; who has not contributed by every
means in his power towards this war—with his per-
son, with the influence of his position, with a part of
his fortune, with his labour, by maintaining a number
of soldiers—by aiding every way those who fight, and
who has not 'so employed the means which God has
given him for his service and that of the country in
which God has placed him, that his images shall not
be cut down, nor his holy name blasphemed.
" Mexico, Sept. 10, 1847."
The loss suffered by the United States' troops, from
the Bth to the 13th September, is stated to be 25
officers killed and 47 wounded, and 490 men killed
and wounded in the last battle.
Our Canadian accounts are uninteresting.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
(From the New York Courier and Inquirer.)
NEW YORK, OCT. 15, rad.
Cotton—There appears to be but little animation
in the market—the sales thus far, to-day, do not ex-
ceed 5OO bales. Should the present cold weather ex-
tend to the south, holders will decline selling at pre-
sent rates.
Flour—The receipts yesterday were nearly all
sold previous to arrival ; the market is very firm at
6 dolls. 50c. for new Michigan, Genesee, &c. Extra
brands are in demand at 7 dolls. 1,000 barrels,
' Hiram Smiths brought 7 dolls. 25c. ; Southern
flour is firm and in fair request at 6 dolls. 50c, ; meal
is steady at 3 dolls. to 3 dolls. 25c. for western, and
3 dolls. 25c. to 3 dolls. 75c. for Jersey and Brandy-
wine.
Sales of yellow flat corn have been made at 75c. ;
mixed lots range from 72c. to 73c.
Provisions are inactive. Mess Pork 14 dolls. 25c.
to 14 dolls. 37ic. • prime, 10 dolls. 50c. Lard is in
fair request at 10Ic. to 111 c. in barrels and kegs.
Cheese, 61c. to 711-c.
Ashes are firm. Pots, 6 dolls ; pearls, 8 dolls. per
100 lb.
The rates of freight are—to Liverpto.ol for cotton,
e' is. 3d. to
id. to 3-16 d. per lb.; flour and turpsTii
. pneirnb.ushel.
.:To
ls. 6d. per barrel; grain, 6d. to
London, 2s. 6d. per barrel for flour, and other articles
in proportion. To Havre, for cotton, id. per 1.13.;
flour, 70c. per barrel ; ashes, 8 dolls. to 10 dolls. per
ton ; rice, 10 dolls. per ton.
A slight improvement took place in stocks this
morning ; the transactions, however, have been quite
moderate. Treasury notes were firm, at 11 premium ;
sterling exchange dull at 109 ; francs, 5 SW/.
Foreign exchange is rather tending downwards.—
Bills on London range from 9 to 9f, the last being
difficult to obtain. Bank of England notes, to a con-
siderable amount, were sold at rates varying from 9
to 9j and 91. On Paris, bills command 5.23. The
next sailing packet for Havre will carry out from
150,000 to 200,000 dollars in silver, some Mexican,
mostly French. There is less doing in exchange for
this packet than usual, by reason in part of the near-
ness of the next steamer from England, now eleven
days out, and the apprehension that she may bring
tidings of additional failures. This apprehension
prevents, it is probable, the offering of many bills in
the market, which the parties here are not willing to
negotiate until they have the assurance, by the next
packet, that their constituents on the other side stand.
FOREIGN EXCIIA.NGES.
Exchanges on London .. 1081 to 109}
Il Paris... ... 5.22} to 5.25
I, Amsterdam 40 to 40}
II Hamburgh 351 to ut
71 Bremen ... 781 to 79}
(From the New York Express of Oct. IS.)
A vast portion of the embarrassment that has over-
taken many of the large flour and grain h
England and different, parts of the'-' ()uses in
continent has been
occasioned by the injudicious
made. The
in which ship-
ments of grain have been m
breadstuffs was so great that corn, demand for
wheat, and rye
were sent forward in the utmost hurry ; everything
in the shape of a vessel was loaded; and most of them
without any judgment. The consequence has been
that many have foundered at sea, others have never
been heard of, and a large number have been com-
pelled to return, or put into some foreign port with
cargoes shifted and damaged. These have occasioned
some losses and disappointments. But yet a greater
evil has been experienced from a want of care in hav-
ing the grain properly dried and prepared previous to
being shipped. A very large portion of the grain
sent out has been found, on arrival, to be so heated
and damaged as to be worth less than the Plere

freight, It Is doubted by men well skilled
corn
dmuorsi mostly in-
;rade whether one half the Indian corn that was
shipped from this country last year reached England,
in a sound state. If this is correct, it is easily ex-
plained why the losses have been so great and so `,\
most
in
boa s
ruinous. Taught by experience, shippers now fir
theg
andlast
sine a
ssounc,
sat tlhooor ocuegnht lsy;
endeavour to profit by the past, and are shipping their ?1,
dry state that those cargoes now going
Corn,
forward will reach their destination without injury.
freight GOc., and other charges 20c. to 40c., making
the aggregate about two dollars, laid down in Liver-
pool. Now the cost is 70c., freight 15c., and other
charges 25c., making the whole cost about 110 c. If
prices should run down to .50c. when our immense
crop comes in—which will be a large pLice—corn
can now be sent to England at less than A dollar
a bushel or about Id. sterling or 2c. a-pound. Oat-
meal, which is the poorest breadstuff in the kiog-
dozn, was selling at the last low prices, lid., or Sc.
a-pound.
The accounts from Great Britain at first had a
depressing effect; but, such is the buoyancy of our
people, that it gave but a sudden check. The money-
market has not been deranged, nor has the produee-
market, cotton excepted, been effected. The fall
season is drawing to a close, and the trade for distant
sections of the country is over. The markets are,
however, well sustained. Breadstuffs are now be-
ginning to arrive freely. New wheat, rye, and oats,
bring high prices ; flour has advanced. Beef, Rork,
lard, hams, butter, cheese, &c., bring high prices-
New corn will appear in a month or six weeks. Ths
farmers of our country received great prices last year,
and are even now getting high rates. The great pro-
ducing interest is flourishing almost beyond all former
precedent; when this is the case, the country must be
prosperous.
The trade of this city this fall has been unexam-
pled, and large as it has been, it is believed that it
has been safe and prudent. Merchants have not been
wild in their credits, nor has there been a speculative
spirit in anything. Our hotels are crowded to their
utmost capacity, and the throng of strangers is truly
immense. The transportation lines are all fully em-
ployed, and goods are pressed forward to the west
with great speed, in anticipation of the closing of
navigation.
Ashes—Pots have suddenly gone up to 6 dollars,
and 6 d0115.25c. are now asked; pearls are very firm
at 8 dollars. The stock on hand is reduced very low
for the season—viz., 1,329 pots, and 549 pearls, and
it is too late for large supplies to be received. There
is every appearance that the season will close with a
less stock than ever has been known.
Coal—Foreign is in demand, and is selling 1 dollar
advance; sales of Pictou at 7 dollars 371 cents. ;
Liverpool, 10 dollars.
Cotton—Operators are all waiting for the arrival
of the steamer. A decline of a full cent. has taken
place, and the market is at a stand. The total re-
ceipts at all the shipping ports are 42,597 bales
against 42,150 to same date last year—an increase of
447 bales. The total foreign exports this year is
38,953 bales more than last—say, 27,111 increase to
Great Britain, 10,690 increase to France, 1,152 in-
crease to the orth of Europe, but 1,809 less to other
foreign ports. The shipment from southern to
northern ports are 2,828 bales less this season than
last ; but there is an excess in stock of 54,454 bales.
Dry Goods—The fall trade is drawing to a close,
and there is less business doing this week than last.
The stock at market is, however, getting small.
There is also but little doing in domestics, either for
home or foreign markets. Nearly all descriptions are
lower; sheetings and shirtings 2 to 3 per cent. lower.
Bleached are firm; prints are very low. The manu-
factories of sotton at the present high price of the raw
materials are doing a losing business. Woollens are
doing better, and all low qualities are wanted.
Flour—Without any demand for shipment, or any
accounts from Europe, the article has gone up half a
dollar on a barrel. The demand has been active for
domestic purposes, and the supply small for the season.
New Genesee, 6 dolls. 50 cents. ; Oswego and Wes-
tern, 6 dolls. 25 cents. to 6 dolls. 37f cents.; South-
ern, viz. :—Richmond county and Georgetown, 6 dolls.
50 cents. ; rye flour, 4 dolls. 75 cents.; New Buck-
wheat, 1,75 to 2 dolls. per cwt. ; corn meal, 3 dolls. to
3 dolls. 87} cents. The receipts down the Hudson
since the opening of river navigation to yesterday
were :—Wheat flour, 2,183,472bb15. ; corn meal,
liK2lAl;ls.'4 Exports from the Ist to the 12th of
iaer :—"Kheat,flour, 7,290bb15.
kVtain—Wheat has risen with flour ; Geneses is
held lit'sl doll. 50c.; and sales at: 164 —oll. 45c.—this is a
rise of Ioc. All dViptions of Western and ~other
kinds have advance in the same proportion.V Corn
has advanced full "Se:; sales of 100,000 bushels west-
ern and northern yellow at 70c. to 73c. ; rye has ad-
vanced to 86c. • no sales of barley ; oats are down to
46c. to 48c. 'The receipts down the Hudson since
the opening of river navigation to yesterday are, of
wheat 1,471,004 bushels ; corn 3,148,782 bushels ;
rye 232,935 bushels. Export from Ist to 12th of
October, corn 849 bushels ; wheat 7,420 bushels.
Provisions—Pork is decidedly dull ; prime, 10 dolls.
50c. ; and mess, 14 dulls. 50c. ; Dutchess County,
16 dolls.; sales of new beef at Bto 12. The stock
of old is small ; Ohio lard, 9 to 11 f cents. Both
butter and cheese are wanted, the latter for shipment
at 61c to Tic.
Rice—The market is dull and declining; sales at
3 dolls. 87ic. to 4 dolls. 75c.
Tobacco--The demand continues fair. We notice
sales of from 200 to 300 hhdwsith some selections of Kentucky
at
and
Virginia, at from 3c. to Tic. , •
higher rates ; 350 bales Cuba, part for export, were
disposed of OR private terms.
Wool—The market this week has not been so
animated as noticed heretofore ; notwithstanding sales
are light, prices remain kwithout change ; about
20,0001 b. fleece and pulled have been sold at 28c. to
45c., according to quality ; also 14 bales Mexican on
terms not transpired.
Money—lt is truly surprising how little effect has
been produced here by the failures, scarcity of money,
and embarrassments in England. The largest bankers
have gone down there, and yet only two or three
firms have been seriously touched in this country.
Formerly the indebtedness and connexion on this side
were so intimate and close, that whenever a revulsion
took place in England it was most severely felt here.
Our position is changed. We are rich and indepen-
dent, and the power and strength is in this country.
The last year's distress in England has thrown this
country over 50,000,000 of additional money, which
has gone principally into the hands of our farmers.
This large sum, so widely and generally spread, has
given great individual strength. There is a demand
for money for stock operators, and for persons who
are large borrowers, to keep up the price of
foralsury notes and Government securities ; but a 1
the legitimate business of the city money. is
trs!
abundant. The offerings at the banks are_
and good paper is taken freely inn. and The tlasti
bank at 6, and at the highest 7 per
IV:
but profit-
year's businessihas been not only
otherreg class, have gone
able; neither merchants, nor any
into wild speculations. P have taken a regular
will be singular under
and natural channel,. and it
h uld be any convulsion
this state of things if there s
in trade. The Government will be the great bor-
rowers—there is no hope for them ; they are so deep
in the war, that even if closed in any reasonable time
vast sums must be wanted. There is nothing to blight
or mar the prospects of the future but the Mexican
war, and that it must be admitted is and will be the
cause of great embarrassment.
EXCHANGES.—Foreign The bill market is de-
cidedly lower than it
was by the last packet. Buyers
are so particular that they seek for those bills drawn
by banks ; consequently the few drawers have vino-
nopoly, and are enabled to get 109 to 109 i. Good
bills :of private drawers are abundant at 108 to 109.
There begins to be some appearance that there will
be an export of grain to a considerable extent; en-
gagements are made for corn.
SPECIE.—There is some demand for silver to go
to Havre, but more for a feeling of security than for
profit.
FRXlGHTS.—Foreign—Freights are slack both to
France and England. Shippers of cotton are wait-
ing for the arrival of the steamer, now momentarily
expected.

STATE SECURITIES.
New York 7 per Cents., 1848
Do. 7 1849
Do. 6 1854
Do. 6 1860
Do. 6 1861
Do. 6 1862
Do. 6 1867
Do. 5-k 1860
Do. 5i 1861
Do. 5i 1865
Do. 5 1850
Do. 5 1851
Do. 5 1855
Do. 5 1858
Do. 5 1860
Do. 41 1849
Ohio 7 1851
Do. 6 1850
Do. 6 1856
Do. 6 1860
Do. 5 1850
Do. 5 1856
Kentucky 6 per Cents. ..•
Do. 5 ..
Illinois 6 per Cents., 1870, special
Indiana Bonds •••
Arkansas 6 per Cents.
Alabama 5
Pennsylvania 5
Maryland 6
Tennessee 6
5

•• 101 i 102
• 1033 1031
• • 105 1051
... 106 107
•• 106 107
106 107
106 108
102 1021
102 102}
102 103
1001 1001
1001 1001
100 f 1011
1001
1001 1011
97 98
104 104}
981 981
981 981
100 100
90 92
87k 90:
1001 1001
83 85'.
42 43
41 42
35 38
6) 62
771 771
85 86
98 100
83 87

Lord John Russell left his residence at Richmond,
yesterday afternoon, for Windsor Castle.