The Sun.
London, England, 1823-04-14 00:00:00

BAYONNE PAPERS.

BAYONNE, APRIL B.—Tbe Proclamation of the Duke of
Angouleme does not satisfy those who expected it with so much
impatience. The Constithtionalists see in it a real declaration of
war, though it does not speak in the name of the King, who alone
has a right to declare it. The Ultras, and especially the. De-
fenders of the Faith, are displeased that so little is said of them,
and that they are to be assimilated to our troops, and forced to a
discipline which they have no intention of obeying. We have
various accounts from the frontiers ; it seems certain that Col.
O'Donnell will retire, without attempting any resistance, with
the 000 men that he has in Iron, and throw himself into St. Se-
bastian, where there are already 2,000 men. A courier who
arrived here yesterday says, that preparations are made to blow
up the bridges on all the rivers as far as Madrid, and even
farther, and that the inhabitants are disposed to make every
sacrifice in order to detain, to starve, and to destroy in detail
the invading army. , •
.fattreguy (the Pastor) has obtained leave from his Government
to place the troops under him at the disposal of other Chiefs, and
to raise a free corps to be composed chiefly of young, men of
Billion, St. Sebastian, &c. whose courage and patriotism are
tried. It seems that the Regency will be again appointed, but
that all the late Members will not be re-elected.. Some persons
say that the Duke of Angouleme had expressed a wish to be
named Regent, but that it was represented to him that this
would offend the Royalists, especially the Defenders of the
Faith. Yesterday evening there was a gouncil, in which the fol-
lowing question was discussed :--" hif advisable for the success
of the cause that the Army of the Faith should enter Spain ?"
Those who are against it, say 'that the spirit of vengeance and
plunder which will be displayed by this undisciplined army,
will excite the hatred of the inhabitants; besides they say, it is '
very necessary to guard against a check at the outset, which
would encourage the patriots, and it may be supposed, without
too much timidity, that the Constitutional troops are able to
beat the Defenders of the Faith. Forage becomes more and
more scarce ; provisions the same. The distribution is made
in the cantonements in such an irregular manner, that there
are days when the soldiers are without bread, meat, or vege-
tables. Oats are so dear and scarce, that it is said maize will be
given in stead.
The money lately arrived from England is deposited in the

French Tresetry. -
A traveller who is just returned from A tour along the coast
of Spain says, that in all the ports there are privateers provided
with letters of marque, which will have permission to put
to sea as soon as news is received of the actual invasion of the
territory.

HAM litiltoll PAPERS.
SAINT PETERSBURG'', Mandl' 20.—There is a report
that the Emperor will soon to to Moscow, and thence to
Choczim, in Aloldavia, and to the frontiers of Bessarabia' to
inspect the second army. It is also said, that the whole of the
Imperial Family will reside during the next summer at Mos-
cow ; and that the marriage of his Imperial Highness the Grand
Duke Michel will take place there.
BERLIN, APRIL 3.—Mr. Rose, the British Ambassador,
left us last week to return to London. The long series of years
durin which he has filled this high post, to the satisfaction of
both Courts, has acquired for him the general affection and esteem
of the Citizens of Berlin. On the evening before his departure,
a numerous assemblage of persons of all classes voluntarily col-
lected before the door of the hotel of the Embassy, and testified
in the most unequivocal manner to the Ambassador how sen-
sible they were of his loss.°
WARSAW, MARCH 25.—Prince Adam Czartoxysky died
lately at Sciniarod, in the 90th year of his age.
CHRISTIANIA, MAUCIi 28.—The loan of 2,400,000 rix
dollars, Hamburgh hanco, is now concluded with the house of
Umbra and Co. in Copenhagen, for the payment of the Nor-
wegian Debt to Denmark. The debt is paid,, and converted
into a debt of thesame amount to the holders of the new loan.
WASHINGTON, FEE. 25.—The British Ambassador has
waited on the Secretary of State, and read to him a letter from
Mr Canning, in which the latter formally disclaims all inten-
tion on the part of Great Britain to occupy Cuba, and adds,
that it would not be honourable to take advantage of the pre.
sent weakness of the Spanish. Govermnent for such a purpose.
The Ambassador had formal orders from his Government to
make this communication.--( liamburgh Papers, April 8.)
EXCHANGE ON LONDON, 37. 5.
ST.. PETERSBURG!' Marton 25.--1/xchange on London,
9. 7-Ul—Amsterdam, '9. i.—Harnburgli, 8. 25 32.—Paris,
104 i.

Our intelligence from France chiefly relates
to the passage of the Bidassow, and to the affair
between a part of the French troops and the
Refugees, The opinion gains ground that the
Spanish insurgents will not be found very faithful
allies of the invading Army.

In our last Paper we expressed a. hope that in
the statement which Ministers have engaged to
lay before Parliament this evening, 110 part of
their conduct will appear to have been deter-
mined by any degree of reliance which they may
have been induced to place on the good faith of
the French Government, or on the professiolis
of moderation with which it may have sought to
coverits real designs. If the Government of this
country has abstained from giving assistance to the
Spaniards, from an understanding,either expressed
or implied,that our neutrality is the'condition On
which France shall derive no aid in the contest from
her Continental Confederates,—or if our neutra-
lity be i►► consequence of Ministers having come
to the conclusion that the majority of the Spa-
nish people are really hostile to their present
Government (a consideration, which, while it
would not justify the aggression of France, would

nevertheless render our interference as injudi-
cious as it would be useless),—or if our neutra-

lity is owing to a conviction on the part of Mi-
nisters that the Spaniards are incapable, either
from the exhaustion of their country, or from their
own disinclination to make the requisite efforts,
to offer an effectual resistance to the invaders, even
with such assistance as England could under ac-
tual circumstances afford them,—or if,on the other
hand, the British Cabinet is satisfied that the
unassisted energies of the Peninsula are sufficient
for its own defence,—or if our pacific attitude,
again, be the result of a conviction, whether well
or ill founded, that we are not in a condition
to sustain the burthens and sacrifices of war,

—or even if it be the consequence of Ministers
having changed their opinion of the real character
of the Spanish Revolution, and that they are now
ready to acknowledge that the political interests
of Europe require that it should be abandoned to

the destruction with which it is menaced,—if any
of these or similar considerations have induced
Ministers to adopt a policy which haS certainly
disappointed expectations which they themselves
had by their own language formerly encouraged,

ere can be do doubt that the country will

justly appreciate their motives, and that, though
there may be a wide differenie of opinion as
to the wisdom of their determination, still it
will be a difference on a subject of that kind, in
which it is perhaps impossible to decide which
party is in the right.—Not so, however, if
England has been retained in the situation of an
inactive spectator, while a grievous injury is in-

flkted on an independent nation, for reasons that
could with equal justice be alleged as a pretext
for a hostile attack upon Great Britain herself,
merely because France may have disclaimed all
views of aggrandizement in the crusade which she
has undertaken against the rights and liberty of her
neighbours, and may have given promises and
professions, with whatever degree of seeming
earnestness and solemnity, of her resolution to
exhibit an unprecedented instance of disinterest.
edness, and to soar, in the hour of her triumph,
above every temptation to increase her own in-
fluence and power, by the retention of that
supremacy which she is attempting to establish

over the Peninsula! If Ministers still think

(as they themselves hare declared that they
once believed), that the Spaniards have (lone

nothing to provoke the invasion of their
country,—if they still regard the aggres-
sion of France as that unprincipled, unpro-
voked, and unjust outrage, which it has been
publicly and solemnly pronounced to be by
themselves,—if they believe that Spain would
be enabled, by the aid of British courage
and British resources, to repel the iniqui-
tous attack now making upon her independence,—
and if they still maintain that it is in the power
of Great Britain to afford that assistance which
Spain requires, if, holding sentiments such as
these, Ministers, intend to rest their justifica-
tion, of withholding assistance from Spain, merely
on the promises which they may have obtained,
from France or her Allies,_.- then we hesitate not
to anticipate the expression of that strong sense of
disappointment and disapprobation, with which
their conduct cannot fail to be viewed by the
country.

It is so obviously the INTEREST, and it has
been so notoriously the constant POLICY of
France, to acquire and to exercise a controlling
influence over the councils of Spain, that it is
impossible'for a Statesman to justify his reliance
upon her disinterestedness, on any rational
grounds or Statesmanlike considerations. It
is besides impossible in the
,uature of things,
but that a new Government established
in Spain by French bayonets, must always
defer to the Power to which it will have owed
its creation, and to which it must continue
to look for its support. 'lt was even avowed as
one of the motives for the war, in one of the dis-
cussions to which the preparations of France
gave rise in the Legislative Chambers, either by
M. de CHATEAUBRIAND or by M. de VILLELE,
(we do not at the moment recollect which),
that the continuance of the Constitutional
Spanish Government gave to France a new
frontier, and would always weaken and em-
barrass her in proportion to the care and vigilance
with which, while Spain is independent, she must
rwcessarily look to her security on the side of the
Pyrenees ! What was this but an unequivocal
acknowledgment that if the French Government
succeed in effecting a counter-revolution in Spain,
one of the results which they contemplate
is this, that Spain must virtually become a
French province, and that the southern frontier
of France may in fact be considered as transferred
from the Pyrenees to the coasts of Andalusia,
Murcia, and Valencia, thus placing the stu-
pendous barrier of the Spanish Monarchy before
France, on the only point but one in which she
is vulnerable !

But independently altogether of the tempta
tion (irresistible as it 1.1a3/ be safely- regarded:

which impels France to reap beneficial advantages
from her invasion of Spain, and independently al=
together of the increase of political power and in-
fluence which she must necessarily, even in spite
of herself (if we can suppose France for the first
time to exhibit any coyness in receiving an ex-
tension of her dominion), acquire advantages from
its successful issue,—independenty altogether
of these considerations, which are so plain and so
palpable that they must be perceived by the most
inexperienced eye, there have already been suf-
ficient evidences of her insincerity on the Spanish
question, furnished by France herself, to convince
all who are not desirous of being deceived, that
her promises and professions on this momentous
subject are worth nothing more than the breath
in which they were uttered. Though the Decla-
ration issued in the name of the Duke d'ANaou;
LEM E, for example, asserts that France has endured
4 for two whole years the most unmerited provocs-
Lions," yet at the opening of the Session, on the 4th
of J une last, not one year ago, the King of FaAlict
said in his Speech, " I have the satisfaction to
announce to you that my relations with Foreign
Powers continue to be of the most amicable de-
scription ! " Lest it might be thought, however,
that the assembly of French troops on the fron•
the
er
aollfegeSdpaihna,rm‘evaesy
erfatihieisr
Fionrceoicigsnistent with
Itelas
His MAJESTY solemnly declared that thereti°,ll3l9:
no other motive for the formation of the Cordon
the
Sanilaire than the protection of France from
i odiscover afflicted,m.y
riaennadl
these Itien added,
intentions
imieena
measures
pestilential fever with which Spain was the"
foreign
Sanitaire, however, had received the ominous
appellation of Army of Observation, it might
have been thought that France, no longer
able to conceal 'her intentions, would
ILI
After a
71:11:eeaktn'oe'ricnialfint
only have frankly avowed them, but W°6-
have promptly and boldly adopted them ost,
efficacious means of carrying them into erect'
But instead of this, she used her troops c 431.1
for the purpose of inspiring confidence IR
the insurrections which she stirred 41P and ° •
ganized in Spain,' and for affording Protectiee
to the discomfited Spanish traitors who wee
countrY.;
successively driven by their victorious
men within the French frontier! WheaGnr
had been ascertained that the Spanish
ne.
verument was too strong for its domestic e i
the promises of foreign co-operations
14416,7;ale"lenCe
mies, supported as they were by foreign
tghoelnd at;
off at Vere.nlo.
lowed the farce which was played d 000°
and France, after having solicited a" . d
permission to attack Spain, to the
.711::7
1.-0.
Europe, refused to join in the host'
Spanish suiting
G Noteso v e r
nwhich t were
by
Austria,
u addss tr
ia , eased
itas is
.07
bellatenivi
and
Prussia, and induced the world to
.._,
that she had suddenly Lively Ps
justifiable projects, by the compare
hich she
cific and conciliatory instructions w
t the
separately transmitted to her Minister a
were
still
Court of Madrid ! But while men the
indulging Os
indulging the fond hope that the eyes ° A
.11,..
French Government had at length been 0
,rthi}eir
to the danger as well as to the
se iquity 01. thot
meditated aggression upon tPeninsuiss •
.1.• peel '°'
delusion, notoriously created by .., r- the
sincerity, was suddenly dispelled hi of
relinquished her un.
openillg
on
Speech of Louis XVIII. at the
the present Session of the Chambers
It 11% est
the 28th of January last, when 41.9
tired
hap
Christian Majesty announced that a II for
thousand Frenchmen were ready to rnsfiViree
the purpose of rendering 44 FERDIgAND VI .0
I
ea fiti•
to give to his people institutions which theY -
on,ej
advancedc I aration,
hold but from him !" When France at last av I De,
her resolution to rush into hostilities;the itqa
layshi thehboldly
own elybav
objecte just `tar 'a
the
orp
to be underfaken! This avowed object,holve_vorope
the accomplishment of which the race of I
flog,
was thus to be broken, was_ so universnli/non,
matised with the indignant reprobation Of the
kind, that the French Ministry felt
robie
necessity of alleging some more C: their
fo rq whichu°ted:
w a 5'
5
pretext and justification for the violence ° biisll-
- than that of merely re'esta e
, clisrg
ins a despotic throne in Spain. According'Y' . 4151
Sp
„„ni.
after charge was alleged against die l'''''. ter-
accusing them of having compromised the I"
eat
..rogeal
nal tranquillity of France by the encou
pion
which it was now loudly declared thei ha
b iiie
to the disaffected in that monarchy ;and
barefaced
most be,
motive for the war was with the
not the restoration of FERDII4AND tO big front
* t France I
authority, but the protection 0 ot
and unblushing effrontery pronounced tr°ooer
nen
allega f
the revolutionary poison
into her from Spain ! Never Iva' .dence
more unfounded ! Never was the evi ibst
calumny and falsehood more complete, Legg
..0 the
which exists on this subject; for on turning t
which had been ref .