The Sun.
London, England, 1847-07-29 00:00:00

PLYMOUTH.

The Mayor, Mr. T. H. Bulteel, opened the proceed-
ings at ten o'clock
yesterday at the Guildhall, and shortly
after adjourned toth
e hustings in front of the Royal
Hotel. Two of the principal meproposedrchants, Mr. Col-
lier and Mr. Fox. proposed and seconded Lord
Ebrington ; Mr. Colmady was proposed by Mr.
W G.
W. Sultan, and seconded in an eloquent speech
by Mr. Alfred Hooker ; and Mr. Roundel Palmer
was proposed by Dr. James Yonge, and seconded
by Mr. W. H. Hawker. It was understcod that no
coalition should take place ; but after Mr. Soltan and
Mr. Rooker had done their duty by Mr. Colmady, they
strongly supported the claims of the Noble Lord. A
show of hands being asked for, the Mayor decided that
it was in favour of Mr. Palmer. upon which a poll was
demanded for Lord Ebrington, which takes place this
day.

PRESTON.
(FROM A. CORRESPONDENT.)
BULL INN, JULY 28.—1 am, thank God, but just alive,
after witnessing one of the most sickening and revolting
scenes possible—an electioneering mob and riot, a drunken
and infuriated set of idiots. They have been parading
the streets with banners, countenanced and enc-mraged
by their leader. The signal for onslaught was the at-
tempt of the Tory candidate to speak from our win-
dow. They drove us from our room by pouring in
nearly a cart-load of missiles—stones weighing from 1
pound to
pounds weight. I cannot conceive array.
thing more cus or 6
Ipable than the authorities, agents, c.,
in inflating this blind mob, and taking no steps for pro-
tection or defence—no civil or military force. The
whole frames of our
windowsaere
as c a rbreksqit
wine, :.1111,(11,
wo are obliged to seek refuge
isand saw one
in the kc. The damage to
o
perty is very great, but that not theth this
worst ; house
I sa
poor woman who was thrownby the mob into our room.
She has a fearful cut on the forehead, I question if
hurt. The mob
not fatal. I fear there are many others
who were compeaed of the operatives and navvies, com-
menced their work of destruction soon after nine o'cl, ck
hour.
Thank continued with great fury for nearly an
Thank God, they are quiet now (a quarter past ten).
IGATE
The electioa for thisßE boroun'h. took place yesterday.
The candidates were Mr. T.6S. Cocks and Captain
Parrott. The latter ,gentleman however, declined to
stand, and Mr. Cocks was therefore declared duly eke ted-
RIPON.
The election for this borough was held yesterday, and
there being no opposition to the return of Sir James
Graham and the Hon. Edward Lascelles, those two gen..
tlemen were declared to be duly Fleeted,

ST. ALBAN'S.
The nomiraPion for the borougo of St. A.lban's took
place
.1 estarday. The Coniervative candidate, Mr.
ReptOnt was proposed by Mr. T. F. Gape, and seconded
by Ur. J. S. Storey,

There were three new candidates, Messrs. Craven,
Wilks, and Raphael, all of whom were proposed in due
form, and they severally addressed the electors.
The show of hands was in favour of Messrs. Raphael
and Wilks, and a poll was demanded in the usual man-
ner by the other candidates.
It is said that some very extraordinary proceedings
have taken place in connexion with this election, and it
appears quite clear that this "immaculate" borough
will not lose any share of its former reputation on this
occasion. The general impression is, that Mr. Craven,
the Government candidate, has not the slightest chance,
and that the struggle will be between Mr. Raphael and
Mr. Repton.
SHOREHAM.

WEDNESDAY.-Sir Charles Burrell and Mr. C. Goring
were re-elected without opposition.

SHEFFIELD.
WEDNESDAY EVENING.— To-day the Mayor, Henry
Wilkinson, Esq., proce.ded to the election of two bur-
gesses to serve in Parliament for the borough of Sheffield.
The usual preliminaries being gone through,
Mr. Alderman Dunn came forward to nominate Mr.
John Parker. Mr. Alderman T. B. Turton (the master
cutl r) seconded the nomination.

William Fisher, Eq., nominated Mr. Henry George
Ward. Mr. Alderman Hall cordially seconded the
nomination.

Mr. Town Councillor Briggs, in a lengthened speech,
proposed Mr. Clark, a Chartist. Mr. Town Councillor
Ironside seconded the n,,mination.

The candidates addressed the meeting.
The show of hands was declared to be in favour of
Clark and Ward. Mr. Dunn, on behalf of Mr. Parker,
demanded a poll, which comes off to-day.
SHREWSBURY.
WEDNEsDAY.—To- day the nomination took place.
Mr. SHEPPARD proposed George Tomline, Esq., on
the Conservative interest.

The Hon. Thomas KENYON nominated Robert A.
Slaney, Esq., on the Liberal interest.
Colonel F. HILL proposed Edward Holmes Baldock, a
Conservative.

A show of hands took place, and was declared in
favour of Mr. Slaney and Mr. Tomline.
The friends of Mr. Baldock demanded a poll.
The town is still quiet, but rioting is anticipated, a
number of strangers having arrived from Birmingham,
STOKE-UPON. TRENT.
WEDNESDAY EVENING.—This morning, at 11 o'clock,
the nomination for the above borough took place at Han-
ley. Mr. Alderman Copeland on the Conservate inte •
rest, L. Ricardo, Esq., on the Liberal interest, and T.
P. Healey, Esq., as a second candidate on the Liberal in-
terest, were severally proposed.
Mr. Ricardo and Mr. Healey severally addressed the
electors, after which a show of hands was taken, and
declared to be in favour of Messrs. Ricardo and Healey.

do not manifest towards the Sovereign who now rules
over this country.--(Cheers.) Well, Gentlemen, I wish
to see the Church maintained in al its legitimate influ-
ence—l wish to see the Church gaining upon Dissent,
but I wish to see it gaining upon Dissent by extending
its ministration among the people. I don't want to see
the Church supported by unjust :aws injuriously affecting
those who dissent from its doctrines.—(Hear.) I think
it perfectly compatible with affectionate attachment to
the Church to consult the feelings and do justice to the
rights of those who dissent from her doctrines. These
are the objects of true Conservative policy, which I wish
to uphold. I wish to see the House of Lords in posses-
sion of all it just authority. I attach the utmost impor-
tance to the maintenance of an hereditary nobility. I
believe the aristocracy of the country have done as much,
at least, to vindicate the liberties of England as any class
in it, and I believe it would be utterly destructive of
that mixed constitution under which we live, if the
House of Lords ceas-d to exercise its influence. I wish
to discourage the desire for democratic change in the
House ot Commons. Ido not wish to see it a demo-
cratic body, acting in discord with the Throne and the
House of Lords. I compare this with other countries in
which the form of government is one resting upon a
pure democracy, and I say that you have tenfold greater
security for liberty, for freedom of opinion, for freedom
of action, for freedom of the press—you have tenfold
greater security under the mixed form of government—
under an ancient monarchy—a House of Lords and a
House of Commons—representing not the people told
by the head, but representing the magistracy, the clergy
—representing the great corporate bodies, and the
intelligence and wealth, as well as the mere numbers
of the people.—(Cheers.) I have desired to maintain
the public credit, and to extend the commerce of the
country; and in what one respect have I failed
in upholding those great principles?—(Loud cheers.)
What injury have I done to the just and legitimate ob-
jects of the Conservative policy? This was the public
conduct I pursued while the affairs and the finances of
the country were administered by me. Has the House
of Lords had its influence impaired? Has the monarchy
had its just prerogatives infringed upon ? Has the
Church had its influence impaired? If so, it was by its
own intestine divisions, and not by any act of mine.—
(Cheers.) Well, then, gentlemen, do you disapprove of
the financial policy that I have recommended and advo-
cated?—(Cries of " No, no.") Gentlemen, this is not
the place to enter into disputation about figures, but I
can make what I have done perfectly intelligible to every
man, woman, and child, who is now listening to me. I
will tell you what I have dune, and what has been done
by the last Government with which I was connected, and
you cars then tell me whether you approve of it. You
are all connected with agriculture. You are net a manu-
facturing—you are not a commercial constituency.
Your prosperity depends upon agriculture, and I ap-
peal to you as men connected with agriculture to tell
me if ou disapprove of what has been done?—(Hear,
hear.) I find that in 1841 there were high duties on
flour. I find that in 1841 meat was prohibited,
and cattle was prohibited. That was a state of
things that, if there happened to be a distemper
among sheep and cattle, and that your supply was diml-
nished—and I was told that your supply was diminished
to the extent of 216;000 sheep in the number sent to
Smithfield market in the course of half a year—that you
could not procure an abundant supply. The then state
of things was this, that you could not import, for it was
illegal to bring any cow, sheep, bullock, pig, calf, or any
animal that contributed to human sustenance. You
could not import meat, or salt provisions, or bacon.
There was a high duty upon rice; there was a high duty
upon lard. All these things were now duty free.—
(Cheers.) If your own supply of cattle fails you, you
can import (although it must be necessarily limited in
amount) from abroad. Have you foued the price of meat
so low that this policy has proved ruinous?—(Cries of
" No, no.") You don't then, disapprove of
the removal
of restriction and prohibition? The duties have in
many cases been reduced one-half—some more than one-
half. There were duties on butter, on cheese, on
coffee, on sugar, and these have all been reduced one-halt.
Just look at your weekly bills. Take the labourer and
see what enters into the consumption of a man and
his family. Won't you find flour, meat, salt provi
sions, bacon, rice, lard, butter, cheese, coffee, sugar—
won't you find some of these articles enter into his con-
sumption? I wish you could find all. And of these
articles some have had the duties altogether repealed,
and some have had them reduced one-halr.—(llear,
hear.) The duty on timber has been reduced one-
half, and it was said that Canada would be ruined if
Baltic timber was admitted at a lower duty. Why what
has been the fact ? that there has been a greater con-
sumption of Canada timber than before the reduction
took place. There are many articles which enter
largely into the manufactures of this country on which
the duties have been altogether repealed. The duty on
cotton wool has been repealed. The duty on sheeps'
wool, on flax, on hemp, and other articles used in manu-
factures, such as indigo, raw silk, oils of all kinds, skins
and furs used in manufactures have been altogether re
pealed. Do you think that was unconnected with true
commercial policy? was that calculated to ruin anybody
or diminish employment?—(Cheers.) Gentlemen, io
1842 there was a tariff or list of articles paying Custom
duties amounting to some 1,200 or 1,300 articles.
Before the late Government left office there were 727
of these articles on which the duty was altered or
repealed. There were some 503 articles paying duty,
on which the duty was entirely repealed. (Hear.)
Of these 503 articles, on which the duty was alto-
gether repealed, the most of them concerned the food,
clothing, and comfort of the people, or else they are
the raw material from which our manufactures are de
rived or promoted, and which mainly contributes to the
employment and comfort of the vs °string classes. Tax-
ation to the amount of over two millions sterling was
actually taken off ; and upon the articles on which the
duty was entirely repealed, it was evident that no duty
whatever could fir the future be renewed. In the same
year there were some obstacles in the shape of ditties to
the amount of 100,000/ to the exrort of manufactured
articles. After having made your manufactures, they
were then subjected to a duty on exportation—the duty
on cotton wool aas repealed altogether, and a loss to
700,0001. was sustained by the revenue. The duty on
sheep's wool was repealed, and the duty on glass manu-
factures was repealed, entailing a loss to the revenue ot
634,0001. ; but it appeared to me that having treed such
minutactures as that of glass, which had been subjected
to the constant and vexatious interference of Excis.
officers, watching every stage of the manufactures, it
nppeared to me that if you left that manufacture free,
and permitted skill and enterprise its full scope, that
our glass manufactures might enter into competition
with that of other countries, and that the loss to the
revenue might be amply repaid by the increased
manufacture and increased employment of the peopl:.
But, gentlemen, there were duties absolutely re-
pealed to the amount of two millions, and when a
man comes and says, here is a loss to the revenue upon
these reductions, it is impossible that it should not be so.
Any wiseacre could find out, that inasmuch as cotton,
wool, glass, and other articles pay no duty now, there
must be a loss to the revenue.—(A laugh.) But the
question is, whether we do not by repealing these duties
give such an impulse to industry, and the general con-
sumption of articles of Excise and manufacture, as to com
pensate for the loss thus occasioned to the revenue.—
(Hear, hear.) It may be said that having repealed these
duties to the amount of two millions sterling, they were
lost to the revenue, and that is perfectly true, and if the
same principle was applied to the entire fifty trillions, it
would be all gone ; but none but a madman would do so.
It is easy to speak after the event, but in February 1845.
I observed that I have that reliance upon the elasticity
of the resources of this empire, that I do expect before
the termination of three years, this repeal of taxes will
have produced beneficisl effects, and that we shall find
an increasing revenue, probably enabling us to dispense
with th income-tax. But let the House remember that
the principle on which we have gone, and gone ad-
visedly, is the absolute repeal of taxation in many cases.
We do not diminish a tax on glass, for instance, keeping
on one quarter, or one half of it. We do not lower the
duty on anchors, on wool, on cotton, or on many articles
of smaller import, but we propose the absolute repeal,
expecting from the increased consumption of other
taxed articles, an equivalent improvement in the revenue.
Now, Gentlemen, what has been the result between
1841 and 1846? Although in that interval taxes to the
amount of 7.600,000/. have been removed, yet the re-
venue in 1846 was very nearly equal to that in 1841.
(Cheers.) That is excluding the income-tax altogether,
and speaking only of the revenue derived from the cus
toms and excise, and the ordinary sources. I prophe-
sied that if industry was left free, the loss to the re.
venue would be amply supplied by the increased con-
sumption produced by the increased employment and
content of the working classes. That expectation has
been fulfilled. The present Government has wisely fol-
lowed out the same principles, and have reduced the duty
on foreign sugar, as we reduced that on colonial, and
therefore they are entitled to share the credit of the
result. But look at the state of the revenue, and com-
pare it with that of 1841. In the year ending the sth
April, 1847, putting the ineome-tax out of the question,
and remembering that eight millions of taxes have been
repealed, the revenue was one million better than that of
1841.—(Hear.) You know, however, that these reductions
suGt nocitv:etnrbnoemf
e taxation,n t carriedin resistingt oo
afan rd,as
shall
111 give
ihvael
improvidentltherefore,t,hemd e
mmyasidusps
put.
ooprrpttohirnet
the must
ud
their efforts to uphold the public credit. But it is said
by some that this prosperity is not the result of our
policy, but of good harvests. Now, I don't mean to
deny the effect of good harvests. I believe that when
the benevolence of Providence gives us good harvests,
and asuccesion of them, that there is exercised the most
material influence on the enjoyments, happiness, moralit •
arid peace ot this country, and also on the revenue!'
I (Cheers.) But is it true that we have had a succession
of good harvests, from 1842 to the present time? We
last year lent ten million, for the support of the Irish
people. When the people are starving is that a sign of
a good harvest? When wheat is 90e. or 100 s. a quarter
is that a sign of a good harvest? Why, last year was a
bad harvest, and yet, really one cart hardly bslieve the
figures when they see them, although the harvest was
bad, the revenue of 1847 was increased over that of 1846
by 2,600,000/.—(Cheers)—and all this, notwithstanding
the reductions that have taken place.—(Hear, hear.)
hßaurtveslts am
ar glad to
causehear o
thef argument
increased
e v
eguouoed.
What is that but an admission that cheapness. and
e the
plenty of food are essential to the happiness of the
people, and also to the prosperity of the revenue. Well,
he it so. Attribute it, if you please, to the good har-
vests. Is not the fact a deserved condemnation of the
restraints upon the importation of food? If cheapness
and plenty be so essential to a productive revenue—if
cheapness be so important to the comfort and enjoyment
of the people—does not that very fact make us doubt
whether or not it is wise to impede by legislative re-
straints the bounty of Providence? The Right Hon.
Baronet then proceeded at some length to review his
cornamercial policy, and after referring to the opinions of
r. Huskisson and Lord John Russell, at different
periods, fcT.Ol9 purpose of show that ether atatesmen,

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JULY 29, 1847.

as well as himself, had changed their views on the sub-
ject of the corn-laws, he concluded by expressing a hope
that all enlightened nations would join in putting down
war and promoting sound and commercial intercourse all
over the world.—(Hear.)

. _
Mr. W. YATEs PEEL addressed the electors at length.
The MAYOR then declared the Right Hon. Sir R. Peel
and the Right Hon. W. Yates Peel, duly elected.
Thanks were then voted to the Mayor, and the crowd
separated.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
COURT OF REVIEW, July 28.

EX PARTE ALSAGER, IN RE JOHN F. BROWN; AND EX
PARTE TURNER, IN RE SAME.

This was a petition by the assignees of Evans and Co.,
East India merchants, in the bankruptcy of Brown, a
merchant at Liverpool, and re•lated to accounts on cer-
tain transactions with the house of Foster and Co.. of
Bombay. This case was now brought before the Court
after a reference to the commissioner to take an account
as between the Liverpool and London firms. The corn-
missioßer found that the Liverpool firm was indebted to
the London house to the extent of 4;0001.

Messrs. Swanston and Metcalfe supported the petition,
which was opposed by Messrs. Russell and Wills. For
the petitioners it was urged that the commissioner was
in error—that instead of a relation of principal and
agent it was really one of debtor and creditor.
The CHIEF JUDGE held that the commissioner had
looked to the substance of the case and taken an accu-
rate view of it.

Mr. Russell then applied, on further directions, upon
the question of lien.
The CHIEF JUDGB decided that whether treated as
lien, set-otf, or mutual credit, the result was the same.
He should confirm the commissioner's certificate, and
declare the eleven bills mentioned to have been drawn
by Brown for the accommodation of Evans as a surety
for them, except to the extent of 1,0001. retained by
Brown; the assignees of Evans, Foster, and Co., to take
the Bombay remittance, deducting out of it the costs on
both sides.

EX PARTE THOMAS TURNER, IN RE LEWIS; ROBINSON

RESPI INDENT.

This case related to an action by a solicitor, for pay-
ment of a bill of costs, which has been stayed, and a
question of retaxation.
After the reading of several very extraordinary affi-
davits, containing most contradictory statements, the
further hearing was stopped by the Court.
Messrs. Bacon and Freeling supported the petition;
Mr. Pryor appeared for the respondent.
The CHIEF JUDGE said, this case was too serious to
be decided on irreconcilable affidavits. It was disgrace-
ful and infamous on one side or the other, and involved
the reputation of a member of the legal profession. The
only question now was, whether the investigation should
be made orally before a jury or in this court, for it
would be a flagrant dereliction of duty to proceed fur
ther on affidavits. 401. to be brought into court without
prejudice, the bill of costs to be taxed, and the case to
stand over until further orders, with liberty to arrange a
mode of trying it, either at the current assizes or else-
where.