The Sun.
London, England, 1847-10-16 00:00:00

AUL
„A

LONDON, SATURDAY. OCTOBER 16, 1847.

Faitipi7A.ND, King of Naples, is trifling on the brink
of a precipice. It is said that he has a heart of suffi-
cient susceptibility to overcome the prejudices of his
dynastic education, and that the Sovereign of the Two
Szctußs is ambitious of being beloved. The conver-
sation which is reported to have recently taken place
between his Neapolitan MAJESTY and the Papal
emissary, the Count FERRETTI, indicates that he has
some inkling of his most perilous position, and that
an insatiable and egotistical thirst for popularity may
yet possibly diminish his disinclination to concede to
the wishes of his subjects—to the aspirations of those
eiormers who have been hitherto treated as political
incendiaries, and as rebels only worthy of perishing
by the bullets of a fusillade, or the axe of the guil-
lotine.lf PARDINAND would but open his eyes to the
re cognition of that sublime truth which is being
Ought upon the very frontiers of his dominions,
namely, that the most indestructible founda-
tion to a throne is in
the affections of a
liberated people ;
if he would only con the histories
Nv
of those crowned personages
who have been placed
in a precisely similar predicament
to that in which
he is himself at this moment involv
e
d; if he would
but discover the accuracy of the doctrine
which
maintains that loyalty and maypatriotism be
ren-
dered synonymous terms if the Legislature h
conducted with sagacity, the character of his
reign
only
might even at the eleventh hour he redeemed, and his
memory enrolled among those of the most memorable
benefactors of humanity. No throne in Christendoni
tottered more frightfully than that of the Sovereign
PONTIFF immediately before the dissolution of Gas-
601Y XVI. ; and yet from the wise and provident
clemency of his successor, that throne was, within
a few weeks after his accession, rendered as strong,
if not stronger, than any in the Eastern and
Western Hemispheres. Such has been the extent
and suddenness of this alteration at Rome, that those
who bearded the Pontificate during the stubborn
rule of CAPELLARI have bowed the knee in homage
before the puissant liberality of FERRETTI. The
Marquis AZEGLIO, who spoke so terribly and threat-
ingly of the decrepitude of the Papal Government to
`IiEGORY, has already become the panegyrist of the
policy introduced into the council-chambers of the

Vatican by Pius. Those extraordinary changes should
speak with a thrillingeloquence and an imperative logic
to the heart and head of FERDINAND. But, in dreaming
of the possibility of such a concession of prejudices
from a Bourbon Prince, we should be exposing our-
selves to deserved ridicule ; we should be as ridicu-
lously sanguine of temperament as though we poured
molten brass into a crucible, and expected it to har-
den into a cake of gold.
Louis XVI. is said to have pondered in the clois-
ters of the Feuillants over the history of JAMES 11.,
and to have even meditated, as JAMES 11. had done
before him, over the destiny of CHARLES I. CHARLES
X. may have mused in like mannerover the narra-
tions of those ill starred potentates, upon the eve of
that revolution which in three days witnessed the
discomfiture of MARMONT and the ;Victory of LA-
FAYETTE, the accession of Louis PHILIPPE and the
dethronement of himself. His last reveries in his cabinet
at the Tuileries may have been in reference to the
dismal flight in the fishing smack and the ignominious
deaths upon the scaffold, inflicted by the block and
the guillotine. FERDINAND may delude himself with
the notion that his is not the age for the recurrence
of any such catastrophe, but so also did CHARLES 1.,
JAMES 11., Louis XVI., and CHARLES X. ln
1649, in 1688, in 1793, in 1830, the debasement of
those several monarchs may have seemed to
themselves equally improbable. The divinity
which is supposed to hedge a King blinds him as
to the perils reserved by futurity, and when the
crisis has arrived he discovers, as a most eloquent
historian has recently observed, that his fall is "long,
deep, and appalling."
FERDINAND of Naples and the Two Sicilies is be-
traying the same ignorance of the dangers with
which he is every day surrounding himself by his
obstinacy in retarding the liberation of his subjects.
His conduct in reference to PIETRACATELLI, the late
President of his Council of Ministers, has displayed in
a significant manner the blindness of the SOVEREIGN
and the futility of such hopes as would induce us to
anticipate the voluntary abandonment of his re-
pressive policy. LONGOBUCCO must abandon
the woods of Calabria, and march his fol-
lowers in triumph to the gates of the Neapolitan
Palace before FERDINAND will accede to the demands
of the population. PIOTINO must emerge from Sila,
and threaten the capital from the ruins of Hercula-
neum before a favourable response will be given to
the demands of the insurgents. BONFIGLIO must
annihilate the Royalist troops at Monteleone, before
the iron sceptre will fall froiri the grasp of FERDI-
NAND, and the naked sword from that of STATELLA.
And why are these anticipations inevitable ? Be-
cause the blood of the Bourbons beats in the pulses
of the KlNG—the same blood which throbbed in the
heart of the great Louis, when he uttered his famous
blasphemy against the people L'etat c'est moi !
There is a constitutional and dynastic reason,
in'fact, why FERDINAND should emulate his imperial
namesake of Vienna, and forego a glorY such as that
which has recently been acquired by Pius, by
CHARLES ALBERT, and by, LEOPOLD,- Neapolitan
and Calabrian patriots cannot obtain their liberties
as readily as the Romans, as bloodlessly as the Tus-
cans, or as unexpectedly as the Piedmontese. The
8,000,000 of people in the dominions of FERDINAND
cannot so satisfactorily reach forth their hands and
find the fetters of ages shattered with the mere wish
for their destruction, as 5,000,000 have lately done
in the territories of the House of Savoy, as 2,700,000
have done in the Papal States, and as upwards of
1,000,000 have done in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
The emancipation of the Neapolitans and Sicilians
is, however, merely postponed; their aspirations must,
like those of the 4,700,000 Lombardo-Venetians, be
ultimately realised.

We yesterday pointed out the general depreciation
' in the value of property of every description, and the
injury to the national credit occasioned by the at-
tempt to get back a few millions of gold a little
sooner than they would return in the ordinary course
of trade. It is not the amount that is exported from
the country alone that creates the mischief. The very
fact that there is a limit beyond which the Bank
cannot go, and that it must necessarily contract its
issues, whenever the amount of gold lying idle in its
coffers is materially reduced, considerably increases
the evil. The moment it increases the rate of inte-
rest, or refuses the usual and ordinary accommodation
to houses of established credit and reputation, the
directors, as it is termed, "putting on the screw,"
there are numbers of persons ready to follow the
example thus set. When a certain degree of pre-
caution is exhibited in the Leviathan esta-
blishment whose especial duty it is to regu-
late the monetary affairs of the country,
that precaution is invariably ascribed to alarm, the
alarm becomes contagious, every one begins to hoard
for the coming storm, which the financial operations
of the Bank indicate with almost as much certainty
as the lowering of the mercury in the barometer
forebodes the approaching tempest; the dangers of the
crisis are magnified ; each man fears that if he
should part with the funds then at his command,
although he may not require them at the moment,
nor for some time to come, he may not be enabled
again to procure them when actually wanted. He
prefers the loss he will sustain by locking up his
money in his strong box, and relinquishing the
certain profit that he would receive for its temporary
use, either by lending it to parties of acknowledged
solvency, investing it in the purchase of any descrip-
tion of securities, public or private, or applying it to
mercantile or commercial speculations. He contracts
all his operations to the very lowest, lest he should
be deprived of the means of meeting his own obliga-
tions, and carrying on his business, on which his
future welfare must mainly depend. It is thus that
at a time when money becomes more than usually
valuable that it is withdrawn from general use, and
suffered to remain unproductive. We have already
shown that it is only the money in actual circulation
that affects the general prosperity of the country, and
upholds or deteriorates the prices of every species of
commodity, of every article of merchandise. For all
practical purposes, the gold might as well be exported
from our shores, as remain locked up in private hands.
There may be abundance of hoarded money, while
the money in actual circulation is insufficient for the
general wants of the community. The panic, ridicu-
lous and unfounded as it may be, increases tenfold
the difficulties of the period ; and every one who
acts on the selfish principle is really doing his utmost
to impair the national resources, and to injure the
property of his fellow-subjects, acts that may, and
frequently do, recoil upon himself with fatal effect.
The fear of some possible danger leads to a real

calamity.
A shocking accident, which occurred on Sunday
last, affords a fair illustration of the manner in which
the, monetary derangements, the financial difficulties,
have been precipitated. A large congregation had
assembled at the Wesleyan Association Chapel,
Bacnp, to hear a lady preach; suddenly a woman
in the gallery was heard to scream, as if
alarmed for her personal safety. It was
immediately supposed that that part of the
chapel was giving way. Every one rushed to the
door attempting to escape ; the instinct of self-pre-
servation rendered each indifferent to everything but
his own personal safety. Alen, women, and children
were strewn upon the ground, trampling on and
bruising each other in a frightful manner ; the dresses
of some were actually torn off, and of others hang-
ing in tatters from their persons. A man, a woman,
and a boy lost their lives in the melancholy trans-
action, while very many others were much hurt. On
subsequent investigation it was found that there was
no real danger, the alarm was perfectly without
foundation ; a staple had fallen out knocking against
a PiPe, and making a slight noise as of something
broken ; a fe.nale cried out, and the exclamation of a
timid woman led to the death of three human
(b,
eeyfil
,ncoinbeednr
t.
the
S ordinary
it
beings, and the serious injury of a considerable
ru
iswith our national resources. A
iharvest
led
cituoanatintyimportation
eorficafonosdaftaldr
Russians, who supplied our wants, were not aware of
thethe
produce
ef their demand
so
soil, or
that
theincreased
there
wouldee s bouuee r c fores
that would be at their disposal ing
They did not, therefore, order a proportionate
amount of our manufactures sufficient to liquidate
their demands on us. The balance of trade was in
their favour, and consequently the surplus was paid
in gold. The additional prosperity thus occasioned
would naturally have produced a demand on,

their part for extra comforts or luxuries.
A greater quantity of our manufactures would
be required, the balance of trade would
be altered. Thanks to our bountiful and abundant
harvest, we would not require so much from them,
while they would demand a larger quantity at our
hands and the departed gold would speedily be re•
turned, without any extraordinary exertion on our
parts, and without any depreciation of property, if
matters were permitted to find their own level. But
at this stage of the proceedings our monetary laws
interfere, and, like the timid female in the gallery,
sound the note of alarm. So much gold has been
drawn from the Bank cellars. Everything must be
sacrificed to get it back at once ; prices mast
be forced down to tempt the foreigners to pur-
chase. True it is, that without any such
interposition the foreigners would naturally come, and
readily pay the former, or even still higher rates, in
consequence of the increased demand in their own
countries, occasioned by the greater wealth of the
• people; but we cannot wait for that period, they
must be stimulated to hasten their movements.
True it is, the money will come probably
before it is wanted, but we want it violently
and immediately, like a spoiled child crying
for a toy, and we encounter real evils to avoid imagi-
nary danger. Each person endeavours to secure
himself; sauve qui pout becomes the universal rule of
action, and the ruin of some, the serious injury of
very many others, is the result of the undue haste to
escape. In truth, our present monetary system—a
fixed price for gold—an immediately convertible cur-
rency, is inconsistent with free trade. We
are prevented from realising the full benefits
of the late measures for the emancipation of
our trade and commerce by the odious laws that
fetter and restrain our enterprise, and which must be
completely reformed ere the nation cast hope for
permanent prosperity.

A letter from Berne of the sth says
" I send you a short resume of the important news
received to-day by the Vorort. Whilst the patriots of
the Val de Travers were seizing the four waggons
laden with ammunition from the Verrieres, another
convoy of seventeen carts entered the Neufchatel
territory, at a part in which the people are very much
devoted to Prussia, and thus succeeded in arriving at
Rochefort, a village situated at two leagues from
Neufchatel, on the great road to France. The convoy
was still in that locality yesterday morning. It had
been escorted from its arrival on the territory of
Neufchatel by a detachment of men, commanded by
Captain Houriet, which •is a compromising circum-
stance for the authorities, who proved or tolerated
this species of foreign intervention on the Swiss ter-
ritory. The Federal-Directory has also received in-
formation that ten waggons containing ammu-
nition, equally destined to the canton of
Friburg, had arrived at Pontarlieu in the
night of the Bth, and that they were in
depot at the Sub-Prefecture. There was one general
cry of indignation against the conduct of the French
Government in this affair, both in the Doubs and in
S witserland. Dispatches from M. Stockmar, the Federal
Commissioner to Neufchatel, were received this evening
by the Vorort, but nothing has yet transpired as to
their contents. As the Prussian General de Pfuel,
Governor of Neufchatel, recently arrived in the prin-
cipality, where his presence is always demanded in
critical circumstances, it is probably with this foreign
statesman that the Federal Commissioner will have to
discuss the delicate points of his mission. We are
assured in private letters that already very warm
words have been exchanged between them. The
Federal Commissioner is a man of firmness as
well as of capacity. The Industriel steamer is
now perfectly armed, and is commanded by an
inhabitant of Vaud, who was formerly an
officer in the English navy. Day and night this
vessel traverses the lake in all directions, and it
is seconded by about twenty little vessels, occu-
pied by carabineers. As, however, the fog is very
thick, it is possible that, if the Neufchatel government
decides to send off the convoy which is at Rochefort,
it may escape the sureillance organised by the popula-
tions of Vaud. To prevent the convoys of gunpow-
der from proceeding in the direction of Morat, the
government of Vaud has caused artillery to be placed
at Suage, a hamlet situated at the opening of the
river La Broie, which unites the Lake of Morat to
the Lake of Neufchatel. The grand Council of Glaris
has, by a vote of 79 to 11 decided to give instruc-
tions similar to those of Zurich for the execution of the
decrees of the Diet, and it has besides set aside its
deputy, M. Blumer, the landammann who was consi-
dered deficient in energy."
The steamer Industriel, according to another ac-
count, has captured a large boat laden with arms for
Priburg, and it is said that the authorities of Neuf-
chatel have promised to sequestrate all arms passing
through the territory to the Sonderbund.
•
A letter from Genoa of the 7th says—

" The Sardinian Government has refused the estab-
lishment of a civic guard, and to take measures for
securing the freedom of the press, as required by the
committee over which M. Doria presided, in a peti-
tion which excited great expectations here. This
refusal has caused much coolness in the public feeling
towards the Government. For the 2d, the anniver-
sary of the birth of the King Charles Albert, it was
announced that the Theatre of Charles Felix would
be illuminated, and that a hymn in honour of the
King would be sung. A public demonstration was
immediately prepared, and would have been executed
with great enthusiasm ; but the police having doubled
the posts, a feeling of dissatisfaction was shown by
preserving a dead silence during and after the
singing the hymn. The house
.was crowded, but
not a single cheer was uttered. Our saloons are
almost exclusively occupied in discussing what has
happened to the heir of the Duke of Lucca on
passing through Lerici on the 29th ult. The travellers
entered the town, and after going to visit the fort and
to walk by the sea-side, re-entered their carriage,
and proceeded on the road to Massa. This direction
at once made known that they were the Prince of
Lucca with his wife and mother. A crowd imme-
diately surrounded the carriage, shouting—" Italy
for ever ! " Long live Pius IX ! " Tuscany for
ever !' The Prince was compelled to salute those
who uttered these acclamations. It is said that an
inquiry has been instituted as to this species of
popular coercion."
The Sardinian Government having resolved to
fortify Suae, a village situated at the foot of Mont
Cenis, which forms the head of the great road to
Turin, and h considered the key of the mountain,
plans have been drawn up by the military engineers,
and the works are to commence next spring. A strong
garrison is to be established in the place.
The Felsineo of Bologna of the 7th states that the
Austrians still occupy Ferrara.
Madrid journals of the 9th have arrived.

The Gaceta publishes a royal decree, nominating
Lieutenant- General Don FRANCISCO SaaaANo to tho
Captain- Generalcy of Grenada. This may be looked
upon as a banishment. It is said that SERRANO soli-
cited the Governor-Generalship of Cuba, but was
refused. His uncle, General DOMINGUEZ, has also
been removed from his post of second commandant of
the Hal berd iers.

Another decree directs that Senor CARRAMOLINO,
lately named Civil Governor-General of Cantabria,
shall return to his functions as Fiscal of the Special
Tribunal of the Military Orders. Another names
Don ANGEL GARCIA LOSGORRI, Count of Vista Her-
mosa, Political Chief of the province of Madrid, and,
ad interim, Alcalde-Corregidor of the capital. LI-
GORRI was Under-Secretary at War during the period
of NIRVAEZ'S first Ministry, and was considered as
his most confidential agent and partisan. Another
names the Marquis of SOMORUELOS Royal Councillor
in Ordinary; and Don Jose SOLER T ESPINOSA Po-
litical Chief of Valencia.

General RONCALI has been nominated Captain-
General of New Castile, in the room of General
MENDEZ VIGO. PIDAL has returned to Madrid.

The Popular makes a statement which will be
received with surprise, and for which probably there
is no foundation—it is, that it was asserted that
General ESPARTRRO was about to be nominated
Spanish Ambassador in London ! The same journal
states that it was considered certain that General
PRIM was to be appointed Captain-General of Porto
Rice.

It i 3 determined, it is said, to remove General
Comcna from the Captain-Generalship of Catalonia.

The Eco del Coiner€io declares that the Afran-
cesado party is engaged in conspiracies in the army,
the provinces, Madrid, and even in the highest cir-
cles, to create disturbances, so as to disgust the QUEEN
with the throne. The appointment of the Countess
DE MON TIJO as Camarera Mayor is said to have been
made by General NAEVAEZ, in the hope that she will
obtain an influence over the QUEEN suffieient to coun-
teract that of two ladies of liberal opinions attached
on the 6Athw,
to her MA4ESTY'S person.
aasndcloNsektkevdAwaizthhaNd.taitwvezzarfdors aanloinng_
SALAIIANC
ervew with SERRANO.
timei
SALaztAisCia paper, the