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London, England, 1841-05-20 00:00:00

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No. 15,195.

LONDON, THURSDAY, MAY 20,4011.

THE THIRTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL
EXHIBITION of the SOCIETY of PAINTERS in
WATER COLOURS, at their Gallery, Pall-mall ,East,
IS NOW OPEN.

EAST INDIA HOUSE, MAY 19, 1841.
/THE COURT of DIRECTORS of the
EA ST INDIA COMPANY do hereby give Notice,
That a GENERAL COURT of the said COMPANY will
he held at their House in Leadenhall-street. on WEDNESDAY,
the 2d ofJune next, from Nine o'clock in the Forenoon until Six
in the Evenintr, for the ELECTION of a DIRECTOR of the
said COMPANY, in the room of DiEIL REN.rAMiN ED-
MONSTONE, Esq., deceased.
'l'l•te Form of a Letter of Attorney, and of a Declaration
for enabling Pr.)prietors of East India Stock to Vote by Proxy
on this occasion, may be obtained upon application at the
Treasury in this House.

SLAVERY AND SLAVE TRADE IN
CUBA.
__

PARLIAMENTARY DI VISION.

The subjoined memorial, from the Havannah, has
lately been received by the Committee of the British and
Foreign Anti-Slavery Society :
TO HIS EXCELLENCY THE PRESIDENT, GOVERNOR, AND

(From the Totes and Proceedings of the House of Commons.)
MONDAY, MAY 17.
LOUGH FOYLE DRAINAGE BILL.
Motion made and Question proposed,—" That the Bill be
now read the second time :"—Amendment proposed, to leave
out the word ' now,' and at the end of the Question to add
the words, ' upon this day six months :"—Question put, " That
the word ' now' stand cart of the Question :" l'he House
divided :

Open each day from Nine till dusk.
Admittance, One Shilling—Catalogue, Sixpence,
HILLS, Secretary

SCHOOL OF DESIGN
SOMERSET-HOUSE, APRIL 18. 1841.

The COUNCIL of the GOVERNMENT SCHOOL of
DESIGN, with the sanction of the Right Hon. the Presi-
dent-4' the Board of Trade, hove determined to EDUCATE
a CLASS of PERSONS for the purpose of qualifying them
to become TEACHERS in BRANCH SCHOOLS of
DESIGN, and propose to found SIX EXHIBITIONS of
301. a year each, to be paid for two or three years, as may
hereafter be determined, to SIX Students, to be selected by the
Council.

MINORI
Blake, Martin J.- Galway
Bridgeman. Flewitt—Ennis '
Briscoe, J. I.— Werbury
tirotheron, J.—Salford
Huslield, W.—Bradford
Hinter. Hon. P.—Kilkenny Co.
Callaghan, D.—Cork City
Crawford, %V.—London
Dcnistoun, J.—Glasgow
Divett, Edward—Exeter
Duke, Sir James—Boston
Duncornbe, S .—Finsbury
Easthopu, .I. Leicestr r
Ferguson, Colonel—Kirka'dy
Fleetwood, P. H.—Preston
Fort, J.—Clitheroe
Hall, Sir Benjamin—Marylebone
Hamilton, Charles J. B.—Ayles.
bury
Hastie, Archibald—Paisley
Hodges, T. L.—West Kent
Hume, Joseoh—Kilkenny
Hutchins, E. J.—Penryn
Hutton, Robert—Dublin
Langdale, Hon. C.—Knaresbo.

-AYES, 58.
lO'Conn-Jll, John—Athlone
'O'Corniell, M. J.—Kerry
C'Oonnell, Maurice—Tmlee
Oswald, amen—t:lasgow
Pattison, Jame;—London
Pechell, Captain—Brighton
Pryme, George—Cambridge
Rawdon, John Dawson—Armagh
Roche, William—Limerick
Salwey, Lieut.-Col.—Ludlow
Scholefield, J.—Birmingham
Sharpe, General—Dumfries
Stanstield, W. R. C.—Huddersfield
Stewart, James—Honiton
Stock, Dr.— Cashel
Strickland, Sir O.—W. Yorkshire
Strutt,' Edward Derby
Talbot, J. H.—New Ross
Talfourd, Mr. Serjeant —Reading
Tancred, H. W.—Banbury
Thornely,Thos.—Wolverhampton
Turner, W.,-Blackburn
Westenra, Hon. 14 R.—Monaghan
White, Andrew—Sunderland
White, Luke—Longford
White, Lieut-Col.Saml.—Leitrim
Wilbraham, George—Cheshire
IYates, J. Ashton .Carlow

JAMES C. MELVILL, Secretary.

EAST INDIA HOUSE, MAY 19, 1841.
rr HE COURT of DIRECTORS of the
A. EAST INDIA COMPANY do hereby give Notice,
That the RATE of EXCHANGE at which they will receive
CASH for BILLS on BENGAL will, from the present date,
and until further notice, be Is. 10t1. the Company's Rupee,
and for BILLS on MADRAS and BOMBAY, Is. 100. the
Company's Rupee.

A Probationary Class will be opened on the Ist of Novem-
ber next, for all who may wish to become Candidates for the
Exhibitions, and those who are admitted will be taught gratui-
tously for Three Months, at the end of which time the six,
successful candidates will be chosen.

JAMES C. AIELVILL, Secretary.

The qualifications necessary for admission to the Proba-
tionary Class may be learned on application, either by letter or
personally, between the hours of Twelve and Three, to Mr.
Dyce, Director of the School of Design, Somerset House.

MANCHESTER. and BIRMINGHAM
RAILWAY.

THE ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION,
REGENT-STREET.

TENDERS FOR LOANS.
The Dili ECTORS of the MANCHESTER and BIR-
MINGHAM RAILWAY COMPANY are now prepared
to GRANT MORTGAGES (under the powers of their Act
of Parliament) of the TOLLS and WORKS of their un-
dertaking, as a security for Loans of Money, in sums of not
less than 5001. on each mortgage, and for the periods of
four, five, and six years, at the option of the lender.
Interest warrants, calculated at the rate of 5!. per cent. per
annum, and payable at the Company's bankers, in London or
Manchester, on the half-yearly (lays on which the interest will
become due during the whole period of the Loan, will be de-
livered to the Lender with the mortgages.
Particulars, explaining the peculiar eligibility of this secu-
rity, may be obtained at the Company's Offices, No. 43. Pic-
cadilly, Manchester; or at the office of Slater and Heelis,
Princess-street, Manchester.
THOMAS ASHTON, Chairman.
Manchester, January 12th, 1841.

THE FIRST PUBLIC EXHIBITION of
MONSIEUR MOINAU'S PATENTED CLOCKS,
which are kept in perpetual motion, without winding up ; also
the PATENTED CLOCKS, worked by VOLTAIC ELEC-
TRICITY. The DISSOLVING VIEWS, by CARY, with
appropriate music, are exhibited at One o'clock, Half-past Four
o'clock, and in the'Evenings, before the MICROSCOPE, at
Ten o'clock. The PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS, and
the numerous novelties in Working Models, and other Works
which display. eminent :art, science, and ingenuity. The Di-
ver, Diving Bell, Popular Lectures, and Experiments.
Opens at Half-past Ten o'clock. Admission, One Shilling.

rough
Lennox, Lord J. G.—West Sussex
Lister, E. Canliffe—Bradford
Moreton, A H.—Glouce:torshire
Nagle, Sir )t.—Westmeath
O'Brien, Cornelius—Clare
O'Brien, W. S.—Limerick Co.

TELLeRS.

Wood, Sir Matthew—London
lumphery, John—Southwark

MAJORITY.
Alexander, N athan lei A ntriin
Rogge, W.—West Norfolk
Bailey, Joseph—Worcester

.NOES, 78.

IJackson,kr:Serj.—Bandon Bridge
Johnstone, r, I t —Mtn friessh ire
Jones, John—Carmarthenshire
Kemble, H.—East Surrey
Knatchbull, Sir E.—East Kent
Knight, H. G.—Nottinghamshir.
Lefroy, Rt. Hon. T.—Dublin Um
versity
Litton, Edward--Coleraine
Lockhart, A. M.—Lanarkshire
Lowther, Colonel— Wes tmorelatml
Lowther, J. H.—York
Lygon, Major-Gen. Hon. H. B.

„ .
Baring, 11. B.—Marlborough
Barneby. Joh.i—Worcestershire
Barrington, Lord—Berkshire
Bateson, Sir R.—Londonderry
Blennerhassett, A.—Kerry

NATIONAL LOAN FUND SOCIETY,
FOR GRANTING
LIFE ASSURANCES, DEFERRED ANNUITIES, &c.
No. 2ti, CORNHILL.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
EIRECTORS.
T. LAMIE MURRAY, Esq., Chairman.
J. Elliotson, F.R. S. I John Rawson, Esq.
John Griffith Frith, Esq. Jehn Riddell Stodart, Esq.
Hunter Gordon, Esq. I Clement Tabor, Esq.
George Lungley, Esq. Joseph Thompson, Esq.

Bradshaw' James-Canterbury
Broadley, Henry—East Yorkshire
Brownr gg, J. S.—Boston
Bruges, H. L—Bath
Buck, L W.—North Devonshire
Burr, D H.p.—Hcreford.

Cart Wright, Win. R.—South Nor-1
thamptonshire
Chute, W. L. W.—West Norfolk
Cooper, B J . Sligo Co.
Coote, Sir C.—Queen's County
Dalrymple, Sir A.—Brighton
Darby, George—East Sussex
Douglas, Sir C. E.—Warwick
Drummond, H. H.—Perthshire
Dugdale, VV. S.—Warwickshire
Dunbar, George—Belfast
Dungannon, Lord—Durham
Egerton, W. Tatton—Cheshire
Estcourt, T. G. B.—Oxford Univ.
Feilden, W.'J —Blackbnrn
Ferguson,Sii R. A.—Londonderry
Fremantle, Sir Thomas—Bucks
Fre.htield, James Wm.—Penryn
Gaskell, James Milnes—Wenlock
Goddard, Ambrose—Cricklade
Gordon, Hon. W.—Aberdeenshire
Gore, Ormsby—Salop
Grimsditch, T.—:Macclesfield

YVor'ceste'rshire West.
Mackenzie, Thomas—Ross-shire
Mackenzie, W. F.—Peeblesshire
Martin, Thomas—Galway Co.
Marton, Geo —l-ar.cicter

Maunseil, T. P —Northampt‘ nsh.
Miles, Philip W. Skynner —Bristol
Horgan, O.—Monmouthshire
Parker, T. A. W.—Oxtorthhire
, Perceval, Colonel—Sligo Co.
Planta, Joseph—Hastings
Plumptre, John P.—East Kent
Powerscourt, Viscount—Bath
Price, Richard—New Radnor
Riehards, Richard—Marineth h.
Round, Charles Gray—Essex N.
Rushbrooke, Colonel—Suffblk
Scarlett, Hon. 3. Y.—Guildford
Smythe, Hon. G.—Canterbury
Stanley, Edward—Cumberland
Tenneut, J. E.—Belfast
I hornbill, G.—Huntingdonshire
Trotter, Jobn—West Surrey
Verner, William—Armagh Co.
Wood, Benjainin—,.:outhwark
Wynn, C. W.—Montgomeryshire

AUDITORS.

Professor Wheatstone, F. R. S. j Professor Graves, A.M. F. R. S.
ACTUARY—W. S. B. Woolhouse, Esq., F. R. A. S
SOLICITORS—Messrs. Sweet, Sutton, Ewens, and Omman-
ney, 6, Basinghall-street.
LIFE ASSURANCE.

Besides the perfect security to the policy holder of a large
paid up capital, and accumulating funds, the following is one
amongst many of the advantages which belong exclusively to
the princinles of Life Assurance and Deferred Annuities ori-
ginated by the Society, viz.—Power to borrow (without de-
lay, expense, or forfeiture) Two-thirds of all premiums paid
upon a Policy of Assurance.
The annexed is a short Table, showing the Annual Premium
for assuring £lOO on the Whole Lite, or for a Term :

Hayes, Sir E.- Doneg al
Hodgson I Rd.—Berwick-on-Tweed
Hope, Charles—Lin lithgowshire
Ir n, Samuel—Cumberland

TELLS RS.
Jones, T.—Londonderry Co.
Conolly, Edward M.—Donegal

Irvini, John—Antrim Co.

DR. REID'S LECTURES.

On Monday 1)r. Reid gave the introductory lecture to
his course on the chemistry of the atmosphere, at
Willis's Rooms. The principal object for which Dr.
Reid contends is the institution of elementary lessons in
practical chemistry in all schools and academies, as an in-
' troduction to the study of physical science, and insists
strongly upon the pupils being called upon to per-
form experiments themselves. The accompanying ex-
tracts from a printed statement which he has circulated
' embrace the principal points to which he more particu-
larly refers :
Chemistry stands on grounds altogether peculiar, when con-
sidered as a branch of general education, from its practical
relation to the materials that affect man every moment
during the whole period of his existence. No one can study
the phenomena of respiration,—the nature and varieties of
atmosphere to which the human frame is exposed,—the
theory of combustion—the communication of heat—the pro-
duction of artificial light—the purification of water—the evo-
lution of poisonous gases, and other deleterious impurities—
or any portion of the infinite variety of facts which this
science has pointed out or explained, without seeing the im-
portant position which it bears to the general economy and
management of the means provided by the Author of Nature
for the existence and the comfort of man.
Every one in reality is more or less a practical chemist, whe-
ther he shall study chemistry systematically or not ; and the
question therefore is, how far in the present state of society it
may be proper to introduce, as a general branch of education,
a course of such select illustrations as may enable all to be-
come familiar with those facts connected with this science that
influence the comfort and economy of daily life.
Such courses would have the advantage of awakening the
mind of the young pupil to a more precise understanding of
the nature of the material world in which he is placed ; and
thus he would be led to connect with the explanations given in
the
.school-room, a large share of the phenomena of nature
and of art, of which, under ordinary circumstanc s, he is corn-
parativel unobservant from the want of a proper key.
They have net been recommended without a fair trial of
their practicability. Several years ago courses were given to
upwards of a thousand persons, from different schools and aca-
demies, with a view of determining details, and it is submitted
that were arrangements made for their general introduction, an
expenditure of a very trifling sum each school would be suffi-
cient to provide aparatus for illustrating the more important
and essential points in chemistry connected with the general
preservation of hea th, the economy and management of fuel,
and the various departments of this science that are contin-
ually forced upon the attention in every class of society.
It is not contemplated to engage his attention with compli •
cated instruments, but to render him familiar with the use
of more simple apparatus, such as he will have no difficulty in
experimenting with after a little practice, while, at the same
time, it would be sufficient for all the illustrations required, and
be
provided by the manufacturer within the sum that has been
mentioned.
In all the schools where such trials have hitherto been made
the pupils entered eagerly into the prescribed exercises. They
were evidently, when properly arranged, congenial to their in-
clinations and adapted to their capacities. One hour a
week, for one session, would be sufficient to lay. a good
foundation, were no more time granted. And when the illustra-
tions shown by the teacher -are conjoined with a system of
practical lessons in testing with flat glass apparatus, the ope-
rations in n hich the pupils engage individually afford a mental
exercise of great practical importance, while they train, in
early life, those that perform them to habits of precise and
accurate observation.

•
The union of a certain amount of practice with the theory
of the subjects taught, however simple the arrangements by
which all the pupils are enabled to join in this department,
has been found of great importance in carrying these views
into effect. The pupil then, as Chaptal has well observed
of those who engage ie experiments, '• sees in his practice
the confirmation of all that is told him ; he refers all that
is said to all that he does ; be compares the theory with his
own operations, and, in a manner, identifies it with them."
Again, such courses would not only be important in econo-
mizing he means and increasing the comforts of the poor,
but would prove equally advantageous to other classes of society.
Further, they have become essential for young persons in-
tended fur professions where a knowledge of physical science is
necessary, as from the great progress now made in all its
branches without some previous training in elementary schools,
it would be as impossible to expect the medical man, the engi-
neer, the architect, the manufacturer, and all who are profes-
tionally interested in science, to obtain that amount of informa-
tion from the usual course of education which is now required, as
it would be for any one to attain a proper rank as a scholar, or a
mathematician, were he never to enter upon the study of
classics or mathematics till he should join a University. Even
new, in some professions, it is observed that the period of pro-
fessional education is not adapted to the present state of science,
and if elementary instruction, in some branches at least, he not
provided systematically in schools and academies, an- extended
period must be allotted to it at a future time, which would
bear heavily on the means and resources of the advanced stu-
dent, or College and University courses must be kept at a low
par compared with the ground they would take were professors
not compelled, as they too often are at present, to begin their
courses with the most simple and elementary facts, which might
be taught more advantageously before the pupils come to them.
Chemistry, accordingly, may be affirmed to have claims upon
general attention which no other branch of physical science
presents ; and it is also to be considered, from the cognisance
which it takes of the composition of matter, as the basis of
other branches which can be associated with it afterwards in
each peculiar insfftution as local circumstances may de-
termine.

Were the above suggestions carried into effect, a great mass
of information in reference to health, confined among a com-
paratively small number at present, would in the course of a
very few years be much more generally diffused throughaut
the country, and then perhaps additional and more willing as-
sistance might be calculated upon in carrying out the details of
all public measures for the improvement of health, particularly
in that class of society whose want of means and of informa-
tion render them most obnoxious to those causes of disease

which can be alleviated—orTemoved -19 y care and attention.
Nor ought it to be forgotten that these means would establish,
at the same time, opportunities which might enable emigrants
to acquire a knowledge of numerous facts that must be highly
valuable to them after they leave their native country, though
perhaps the establishment of a few local schools for this pur-
pose, in the principal ports from which they embark, would
also be desirable.
The Lecture was illustrated by a number of experi-
ments. The lecture-table is raised upon an extensive
platform about' th irty-feet in length, with a large flue or
tube extending-. all its length, through which, by nume-
rous communications, air can be drawn from any part of
the table. At the extreme end of the table, on the right
ofthe.Lecturer, there is a large glass model of. the Pre-
lent.House of Commons, and on the left hand another
model is placed,
which ascending and descending
movements in the air are made palpable by communica
ting various vapours to them. In the centre is placod
the principal apparatus for producing movements in the
air, more especially,a powerful furnace, such as is used
at the Houses of I arliament, and a fanner similar to
those employed in the Niger steam-ships ; these are used
alternately in conducting the experimental illustrations.

CORN AND CONSOLS.—Mr. Wyld, of Charing-
has published a little table, which will. be found
useful -during the Corn-law crisis. It shows, by ascend.
ins aradesechding lines, the nntinal average prlees of
Zoo barley,-and oats
_i)er quarter, and the mean price
a the Three per Cent. Consols for the last fifty-one years,
and is so simply arranged that the value of either for :my
year during that period can be ascertained with the
greatest facility and correctness, Wheat reached the
when the average for the year was
highest price in 1801,
115 s. per quarter, and was Joivest in 1835, when it fell
Three per Cents.' were at the
to-395; per quarter. The
i vest in 1797, when the aVertio.e for the year was 52,
otritt at the-hithesTiri IS3B;wfieyi,
-F6tiched" 5.5, though
the•average was only 93. . .

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Pincv sd.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS
ram% THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
CHRONICLE.—No contrast could be more striking than
that between the speeches of Lord Palmerston and Sir Robert
Peel, on Tuesday night. Lord Palmerston applied himself boldly
to the question, which he discussed in the most fearless and un-
reserved manner. His positions were conceived with clearness,
and his deductions were close and irresistible. His language,
too, did justice to his thoughts. There was no wire-drawing
—no overlaying—every sentence, every clause, was pregnant
with meaning. Sir Robert Peel, on the other hand, was con-
stantly looking two nays. He was constantly steering between
opposite prineples, say mg one moment and umaying the next;
and though it was impossible to refuse him the ;need of clever-
ness and tact, yet the cleverness was often wasted on matters of
secondary importance, and a' the close of his long speech the
hearer found it difficult to form to himself anything like a dis-
tinct idea of what the Right Hon. Baronet had been so laboii-
ously advancing. The effect of Lord Palmerston's speech, on
the other hand," was distinct and unbroken. Every proposi-
tion went distinctly home to the hearer, and the indistinct im-
pressions left by Sir Robert Peel were dispelled by it, as the
images of night are by the light of the morning.
TIMES.—As the Melbourne Ministry, during the last fire
years, have spun out a wretched existence by all sorts of dis-
creditable shifts, so, in the prospect of that ignominious exit
which now stares them in the face, they seem determined, like
other incorrigibles, to die desperately hard, or rather, if possi-
ble, to postpone and evade their fate. Indeed, their entire
career, from their first alliance with. O'Connell down to the
sudden concoction of their panic budget, presents nothing
more than a uniform course of mean and dishonest expedients,
resorted to for the one sole purpose of providing for their fami-
lies, and of prolonging their official subsistence. Their confede-
racy with the Irish Agitator was originally formed, not because
they approved of it on principle, but because in their notorious
weakness and necessities it was indispensable to their selfish
designs. Could they have obtained a venal English majority,
equally disposed to keep them in power at the price of so many
measures per Session fashioned to that majority's mind, the
Irish Tail would have been as much defied and scouted as, on
the contrary, it has been courted and caressed. Principle has
been wholly out of the question. In point of fact, they mor-
tally hate O'Connnell, because his dear-bought connection
with them is at once the badge and the usurious premium of
their neediness. They detest the fellow's bullying and extor-
tions—but they are fain to submit to them, because without
O'Connell they would have been without office, without
palace favours, without the public purse, and without the re-
quisite_patronage to pen; ion their rapacious clique.
ADVERTISER._Pending the solution of the question—
to resign or to dissolve ?—all others lose, fora moment, their im-
portance. To-night will probably bring the announcement
of the result of the deliberations of the Government, and an
intimation of its future course. We await, with anxiety, this
result, not doubting what it should be, yet fearing lest by some
mischance, that which is so much to be desired may unfortu-
nately not be accorded. We believe, however, that the pro-
bability is, that the Government will persevere in laying be-
fore Parliament and the country the several measures
which compose the Budget, especially the proposed inodifi-.
cation of the Com-laws, and that, if defeated on them, it will
dissolve Parliament and appeal to the country. This
the
course desired by the great majority of the party.
have...o
7..iezuSeidj,utsittea and
ill; t. tuPi
ported the Government, and it is
caottior_n_oeceb.
most prudent ; for, if a contrary
tation of the Tories, that their Itiea.sures have been taken Pup
for the occasion, will appear IQ have been well-founded, whi:e
ity ovn
it is due to the people to give them an o
eating their own rights,- if the Government bet unablef toi givdi-
e
effect to them by AVIV other means.
HERALD.—Ae Ally
national agitation, the Corn-law emeute
is a most miserable piece of imposture, and is as mueh indebted
to the inventive powers of those whose especial delight it is to
magnify it as a momentous struggle, as the siege of Troy was
to the poetical genius of Homer. Where is the gathering of
the masses to be seen ? Where is the concentration of the vex
populi to be heard? An Irish echo, which is proverbial for
giving correet answers, would reply hardly anywhere ! Meet-
ings there arc in abundant:, which the pets of the practised
reporter by habit (for we need not impute the exaggeration
to anything worse) styles numerous and respectable ;" but
where are the public meeting public in the sense
that the existence of a peat national agitation would
imply? Of the few which have been called, be it observed,
the anti-Corn law party have been defeated at more than they
have suceeded, as at Sunderland, Birmingham, &c., and no
wonder, therefore, that thep are extremely cautious in running
the risk of anything like a fair and comprehensive demonstra-
tion of public opinion. Their resource is to get up the sem-
blance of an agitation by knots and sections--to pack the small
dining-room of an hotel as in Westminster, or to huddle to-
gether in a school-room as at Stourbridge, or to take refuge
in a hired committee Teem as at Edinburgh. But a hundred
such picked and packed meetings altogether no more make
one public meeting than a hundred black rabbits would make
one black horse.
POST.—M'hat will happen next? The Ministers have
been soundly beaten in the House of Commons upon a ques-
tion which immediately concerns the means of carrying on
the Government. They have been beaten—not by surprise
—not upon any uncoesidered question—not in a House of in-
sufficient numbers to give the sense of the whole—but they
kave been beaten after, perhaps, the longest debate upon re-
cord—after the fullest consideration of the question—and in a
House where more than 600 out of the 658 Members were
actually present ! What next ? Strange that it should be
left to us to ask. It is a disgrace to the Administration that
there should be anything like a public doubt upon the subject.
W hat next ? Why, what can be, but resignation of office ? The
Ministerial party have often taunted their opponents that they,
even if in office, could not govern the country. That is matter of
conjecture, but we apprehend it is no matter of conjecture now,
but matter of fact, that the present Ministers cannot govern
the country. How can they, when the very first of the pro-
posed means for raising the necessary moneys for the public
expenses has been rejected by a decisive majority of the while
House of Commons ? They may say what they will of their
opponents, but their own time for turning out has at all events
come. They cannot go on with the Government. To at-
tempt desperately to cling to office after the power of govern-
ing had been thus taken away by the House of Commons,
would, we imagine, lead to consequences which even these in-
fatuated Ministers would not like to face. They have already
done much to produce the deep disgust of the people of Eng-
land--let them beware of that people's indignation.

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
CHRONICLE.—There is a peculiar class-interest in the
City, known under the appellation of " bullion dealers," very
much alarmed that the repeal of the Corn-laws would have the
effect of raising the price of gold, to send abroad in payment
of the food that would then be imported. We are rather in-
clined to suspect that " the wish is father to the thought " with
this class of gentlemen, and may, perhaps, be at the bottom of
their fears for the position of the old lady of Threadneedle-street
when the people of this country are—as relieved they certainly
soon must be—from the fetters of the cursed bread-tax. There
is great fallacy in the assumption that a fixed duty on Corn
would drain the Bank of England, but; the heresy is neverthe-
less not confined to the money clr.ngers. A member of the
Common Council yesterday asked, " Did honourable gentle-
men want to bring the Bank of England again to such a de-
graded position as that its governors should have to go again
on their knees to beg assistance of the Bank of France ?"
And there are many persons who entertain the same erroneous
belief ; some affect to believe it, no doubt, who know better,
in order to gain their own ends ; but others, perhaps, give a
fair and honest credit to the statement. They would not do
so, we are persuaded, if they considered the question in its
true sense. The drain of gold in 1839, which compelled the
Bank of England to apply for a loan from the Bank of France,
was no doubt produced by the bad harvest of 1838; but the
pressure on the Bank coffers was greatly increased- by their
own blunders, keeping money cheap, and increasing their
notes in circulation after they saw the deficiency of the home
growth attempting in short, as usual, to fill up the
gap in their gold by an expansion of the currency. The
radical miktake of that system of management has been so often
exposed, that it will not, probably, occur again. If the
Foreign Exchanges be in future unfavourable, we shall confi-
dently expect to find that the Directors of the Bank of Eng-
land will promptly reduce their circulation, and, by so ope-
rating on prices, assist in giving a favourable torn to the
balance of trade. If they adhere to that rule of conduct, they
will find themselves better able to grapple with any similar
emergency, and render a recurrence of it to the same extent
almost impossible, because the ready fall of prices in this
country would send back the gold for goods to the English
market, or prevent it from leaving the country. These re-
mark's would apply if the country were to be prohibited
under the iron grip of the present prohibitory systoni,
which cramps and cripples all its energies and powers
of production ; but when we come to consider
how the Foreign Exchanges would stand under a system
of free trade, and more especially under a moderate fixed duty
on foreign corn, we shall find that such a state of things would
be much more in favour of this country. The clear and natu-
ral result of it would be to steady the supply and demand, and
to equalize prices. It might at first be supposed that when the
Bs. duty came in force there would be an immense extent of
orders sent out for foreign corn, and that these orders would
necessarily be paid for in gold, thus draining the Bank and
turning the exchanges against this country. But the substitu-
tion of a fixed duty for a sliding scale, would not produce such
a consequence. It unquestionably would strengthen the Bank
of England when the system had time to operate, because the
corn would then be paid for by British manufactured goods.
At the commencement of the new system, the amount of
orders fur importation would depend upen the price of the
homeht shillings was to take effect at present, when the
average price being about 645. to 68s. the duty is 225. Bd.,
there would be a diminution of duty on foreign corn at once
of 14s. Bd. But the price of best Dantzic at present at that
port is about 385., and the result of the change would in
crease that price considerably, so that if we add 6s. for
freight and charges, and allow for factor's commission and
the expenses, besides the fixed duty, the price at which it
could be sold in the home market would not be under 545. ;
and it is to be remembered that the best foreign wheat is in-
ferior both in weight and fineness, to our English wheat. We
should, therefore, have a reduction in the price, of perhaps
eight shillings a quarter on our growth, or about half the
amount of the difference of duty. The price, then, of Eng-
lish wheat would be about 565. a quarter ' • and while there
was a sufficient supply of it at about that price,
there would be no occasion to send much gold out of the
country, to impost an inferior article from abroad;
ai least the people would not be obliged to buy
it Air food ; and it is not likely. that speculators
hwaiojul..t
rim the risk of importing it to keep in bond to wait aaeuse
The bonding trade would be materially diminished, the
price, being no longer subject to the fraudullen
averages, importers would not require to keep
hand. They could at all times deliver their shipments
Under the proposed
to supply the demand under a fixed duty. argestgoncikekolny
change in the Corn-laws the Bank onlywouiddin th
bee cealvieeiditulo)ofna,
even in the first instance, to find j
scarcity of- the home supply. Therte could be
movementmovementnoof
the chance,
im-
portation of foreign corn at the firs
if the forthcoining harvest be p°l.tious, and before anothqr
seas.on conies round, the i
mod
ncrea.l3,2zils,
and the United States,
consequent upon the
propitious,
for British manttPae..
tures from the Continentfi
ithe cation of our tariff, would give such
land, that the Bank would be en
object or our province to follow out
into its ultimate settled consequences. We con-
a preponderating turn to tlwbalantciereolyf titiaedlieerinedfm favourre ofunEeansgi:
uneasi-
ness oisn
ntohte,
the subject n
shcoor:e,o.efr,buoullrion.
fine ourselves to a consideration of the immediate influence
which the substitution of a fixed duty on corn, for the sliding
scale, would produce on the bullion in the Bank of England,-
and have endeavoured to show that the fears of those are fal-
lacious who say it would cripple the establishment by drawing
off its gold. An Bs. fixed duty would be first of all attended
with a fall in the price of English wheat, and arise in the price

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