The Sun.
London, England, 1841-11-18 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY, NOVENIpER is, 1841.

LONDON:
TIIVBSD.AY, NOVEMBER 18, 1841.

We were not wrong in anticipating a great
support from the Liberal Press for Sir ROBERT
Pr.F.es and Lord STAN t.Ev's presumed scheme of
emigration on a large scale. The Vor ' •
Chronicle yesterday carne forth as the- avowedClilli
advocate of such a scheme, which it denomi-
nated a most excellent thing.
It has no fear
that enlarged emigration will prevent the repeal
of the Corn-laws, hut recommends us, if we can.
to get an extensive scheme of emigration first,
and go on stedfitstly to ecorti
e,the repeal of the
i3u
Corn-laws afterwards.
some f distress was re-
lieved by sending awayhalf.or a million of
labourers, most of the motives for
urging a re
l which pecu-
ers liarly
peal of the Corn-laws, -except those l
weigh with a few mill
-cm
'
, and those
which arise from a deep conviction- of the utility
of justice, which operate on only af' -
ew persons.
and on them but coldly, would almost cease "
exist : and though a few enlightened eulighteneadvocates
of repeal might remain, they would no more b •
attended to than they were between 1830aridlsnr
The assumption is that a large scheme of
emigration is to be adopted by the Tories, who
strenuously deny that the Corn-laws cause the
Present distress, in order to remedy that distress;
and the view of the Tories is practically sup-
ported by the Cbronicle. Our Contemporary

says :
But the great and immediate benefit produced in this
country by emigration arises from its raising up new
communities of customers out of the superfluous popula-
tion that hung before as a bumf= on our hands. The
untrodden forebt, the coast unvisited by trade, are thus
made to furnish new marts to our manufactures, and
new outlets to our trade. A civilised and kindred race,
having the same habits and wants as ourselves, is thus
placed in circumstances which enable it to supply its
own wants by furnishing a demand for our industry.
On the coast of New Holland, where the lowest race of
naked savages formerly fed on grubs, and stared at a
spade, a large awl thriving population now exports a
sure supply of the material of otir manufactures, and
takes in return the largest proportionate amount of the
entire consumption of the wares of Sheffield and B• ' trrna;g
ham. and the fabrics of Leeds and Manchester.

If emigration is to produce the immediate
benefit of raising up new communities of cus-
tomers, and if such communities are to take
great quantities of manufactured goods from
Leeds, Sheffield, Birmingham, and Manchftter,.
emigration must be a panacea for our distress
and late Ministry acted erroneously by pro-
posing etty measures of c:nnn►ercial reform,
when, on the showing of the Chro.,llcle, they
ought to have proposed—as the Tories mean, it is
said, to ProPese—a large scheme of emigration.
The arguments of the Chronicle cut away from
the Corn-law repealers all the. ground on which
they have hitherto stood, and substantially con-
cede to the Tories that the Corn-laws do not
cause the distress of which the people complain.
Throughout the controversy on the Corn-laws,
the Tories have said, " Build up.:our, own
colonies, extend that trade which you can politi-
cally command, encourage emigration and the
extension of piur own dominion, and your

people will be happy and. your empire safe." A
large scheme of emigration is suitable to their
theories, and to this scheme and to those theories
the Chronicle assents.

All the advantages which are offered by civi-
lization, and many more, are offered by a free
trade in corn. The acres of the United States
woo the industry of our people ; the immediate
benefit would arise, were the Corn-trade free, of
new communities of customers demanding the
produce of our manufactures : •but all these ad-
vantages the Tories, who propose to ship off the
people to New Zealand or New South Wales,
Will not allow them to enjoy, because they
Would then escape from the control of the aris-
tocracy, both at home and abroad. Those who
freely went to the United States would no longer
be the slaves of the landlords; they would pay
no tithes, and do no homage to Bishops; and
those who got wealth in England by a free trade
with the republicans of America, would soon find
much more evidence than the existence of the
Corn•laws that the privileges of the aristocracy
are injurious to the national welfare. But, by
not allowing a free trade to America, and by
sending off the people to the colonies, where
there are numberless posts for the connections of
the aristocracy, and where the hierarchy flourish
in lordly magnificence, the people are continued
in subjection, and the power of the aristocracy
maybe preserved. We kre not surprised, therefore,.
that the Tories like the emigration scheme ; but be-
cause they like it, and because it would, at least,
stave off repeal of the Corn-laws till emigration
had been tried, the Liberals should now strenu-
ously oppose it.
When are the Whigs to learn practical
wisdom ? They are nothing, and can prevail
in nothing, without the help of the people ;
yet they foolishly cast away their sup-
port by carrying out a theoretical conclusion
concerning the poor, fur the behoof of the land-
lords, with a severity that has made them unpo-
pular in every part of the country. The emi-
gration scheme is founded on a similar theore-
tical view of population, which certain Li-
berals would carry into effect without
consulting the persons who are to be sent abroad.
The people do not ask to be transported ; they
isk primarily for political rights in their own
country, and secondly they ask for a free trade
in bread and meat. Their prayers are met by
the Liberal Chronicle with a scheme for sending
them to till land at the antipodes, which they
ire never likely to own, for their scanty wages
will not enable them to pay 20s. per acre. The
.vorst part of the emigration scheme is that it
will infallibly, like the new Poor-law, be looked
in by the people as an injury to them, and they
will look on the Liberal party which supports it,
as more anxious to banish them than give them
political rights in the land of their fathers.
The terrible schism which still prevails
amongst the middle and lower classes is further
evidenced by what occurred at Birmingham on
Monday, where the Chartists opposed the Anti-
Corn-law party ; and a public meeting, to hear
Mr. CURTIS, was, from beginning to end, a scene
of violence and uproar. Amongst the cries were
heard repeatedly, " Remember the Bull-ring ;"
thus the fatal attack on the people, by Liberal Ma-
gistrates, acting under a Liberal Ministry, which
we always deplored, now rebounds against the Li-
beral party, and the exasperated Chartists even
refuse them a hearing. We state a fact ; we do
not excuse the conduct of the Chartists, which to
us appears wholly unwarrantable and indefen-
sible. But so it is; their passions get the better of
their reason, like the passions of other men, and
they revenge now the injury done to them in
1839, by opposing the wishes of the party then
in power. All Liberal politicians, all who side with
freedom against restriction and oppression, shoul d
now endeavour to reconcile these classes, and make
the working men forget the neglect and the in-
juries they have experienced at the hands of
those who attained power by their means. When
that is so desirable it is inflicting, we think, a
serious injury on the Liberal cause, for a Liberal
journal to advocate the supposed Tory scheme
of transporting a multitude of the people, in order
to relieve the present distress, and to put an end
to agitation for free trade and political rights. To
defend a great scheme of emigration, which is
unasked by the people, is to break up and sacri-
fice the Liberal party to a theory of population,
which experience has shown to be unfounded
in fact.

The meeting of the friends of free-trade at
Sheffield on Monday—elsewhere noticed—pre-
sents a favourable contrast to the meeting of the
Anti-Corn-law party at Birmingham on the same
day. At Sheffield all was order and decorum,
and resolutions favourable to free trade were
unanimously carried. At Birmingham all was
riot and disorder, and no person who attempted
to address the meeting—be his party what it
might—could obtain a hearing. Accordingly
the Birmingham meeting is a general theme for
ridicule or sarcasm ; while the Sheffield meeting
is honoured by its friends, and respected by its
opponents. We are told, however, by a Corre-
spondent, that the men of Birmingham will
Teedily redeem themselves, and stand forth
worthy of their former fame—the most energetic
champions of order and freedom.
For the unseemly proceedings on Monday we
cannot imagine an excuse. Such conduct brings
public meetings into disrepute, and, depriving;
public opinion of all weight, leaves no alterna-
tive but a despotic Government. If the Bir-
mingham Chartists have no regard for them-
selves, they ought to respect the wants of the
Paisley weavers, and of the suffering multitudes
at Bolton, Stockport, and other places, and de-
mand with a voice of thunder that the bread of
the people be untaxed. Till the Chartists gene.
rally do that, they will be held in a great measure
responsible—after the aristocracy—for the misery
which is inflicted on the people.
' The letter read at the Sheffield meeting from
Mr. WORTLEY is worthy of notice. The Hon.
Gentleman implies that the present Ministers
are not indisposed to review the whole question
of the import duties, though they are not likely
to agree with the gentlemen assembled at Shef-
field. Perhaps Mr. WORTLEY is not good autho-
rity for the intentions of the Cabinet. If he
were, we should say that the Ministers are in all
things imitating, but in a most humble and awk-
ward manner, the gentlemen they so recently
displaced.

From Madrid our letters and papers are of
the Bth inst. Four officers of the Princessa Re-
giment were condemned to death on the 7th,
and it was expected that two of them would be
shot on the Otl. The other two would be par-
doned.

A letter from Pampeluna of the 10th in-
stant states that
General Itonii, had
ae p
or-
tiered all the fortresses
in
ehensai the Bisque prove of a Frenchtviiiieicpeesoptole,bewhd
oeniaroelisl
pd a protection for
invasion; a strong military force •
is to be stationed
in the different provinces. In Navarre an army
of twenty battalions of 1,000 men each 1,000
y, is - horses, and four batteries of artillery,to oc.
cupy without delay the extent of •
territory
which lies brtween Vera, on the borders of
Guipuscoa, and Arragon, along the French
tier and from Panipeluna and Estella to Tu.
dela, on the Ebro. Eighteen battalions, with
a corresponding force of artillery and cavalry,
will retain possession of the Basque provinces.
The two branches of this force are to be called
the right and left wings of the Army of the North,
the whole of which will be under the command
of ItontL, whilst the divisions are to be under
the immediate orders of AYERBE tbr Navarre,
and ALcALA, promoted to the rank ofLieutenant-
General, for the Basque provinces. All the of-
ficers of the insurgent battalions have likewise
been dismissed.
The following affecting incident is from a letter
from Pampeluna, dated the 10th inst. :
A melancholy scene took place here on Saturday even-
ing last, the day before the Regent left Pampeluna for
Saragossa. This was the interview between Espartero
and the mother of the unfortunate Fulgosio, who had
Leen condemned t death by the Military•o;:t—•
mmi.uu of

Madr:d. 'The unhappy lady, who is considerably ad-
vanced in years, set out for Pampeluna the moment
when it became evident that there was no chance
of safety for her son, and travelled by post, night
and day, until she arrived here. The moment she
alighted from her carriage she proceeded to the apartment
of the Regent, who, though somewhat indisposed, was
then engaged with some of the members of,the munici-
pality of Pampeluna. Here she was attempted to be
stopped by the Aide-de-Camp in waiting, who informed
her that the Duke was then busy, and that she should
be admitted when her turn came. Knowing that every
moment was of value, the distracted woman threw him
aside and rushed shrieking into the room ; she could
only fling herself at the feet of Espartero, and cry
" llfi Hijo ! He tried to induce her to
retire, but she clung to him with all the tenacity of
despair, and held him grasped in her arms with a
strength far beyond her strength or years. He in-
formed her that it was out of his power to prevent
the law from taking* effect, and endeavoured again to
disengage himself from her grasp. When she heard no
words of hope or comfort her force gave way, and losing
all sensation she fell motionless to the ground, and was
conveyed out of the apartment by the attendants. There
were young and thoughtless Aides-de-Camp loitering
about ; there were aged men, and men of business, who
had passed through a long life of reverses, and in whose
hearts there did not linger much softness ; there were
rough soldiers long accustomed to scenes of horror ; but
amongst them all there was not, I am sure, one from
whose eyes the tears did not come, though they scarcely
knew it, freely like those of an infant.
When the news of the acquittal of M'LEoD
arrrived in Madrid on the Bth inst., an eye-wit-
ness writes that it elicited the following general
remark :—" We shall hear no more of troubles
on the frontier, or intrigues on the coast. Eng-
land's hands are free to help us, and France will
let us alone I"

The interior of Spain presents some danger to

travellers. Two chainfuls of presidarios (con_
victed felons) have lately escaped, and are now
exercising their old vocation of robbers. The
diligence was stopped last Tuesday night on the
Samosierra road, and all the passengers plundered
and stripped even to their shirts. Amongst them
were four English ladies, who were also left
nearly naked on the road, but the eighteen pre-
sidarios who were plundering the party became
alarmed and took to flight, happily without a:-
tempting personal violence.
On the Madrid Bourse on the Bth the Three per Cents.
were done at 20 for cash, and 30s for the 13th and 20th
inst. One transaction took place in the Four per Cents.
at 26 11-16, at sixty days, and 37 in the Five per Cents.
at 264 for cash, and at 27* 4if 281 :1 and 'l9, at dif-
ferent dates. The debt bearing no interest sold for 6at
sixty days.

The French Ministerial Journals announce
that two armies are to be concentrated on
the Spanish frontier; the one consisting of
:25,000 men, to have their head-quarters at Per-
pignan, and the other, of 25,000 men, at
Bayonne. These armies are to compose a sort of
cordon sanitaire, .to shut out the contagion of
Spanish ideas, and, if possible, to get into some
squabble with the Basque authorities, so
as to justify an invasion of Spain, for the
purpose of upsetting the Spanish Constitution,
and disposing of the hand of the young QUEEN.
LOUIS PHILIPPE adheres to his first policy,
notwithstanding the recent triumph of ESPAR-
TERO and the utter discomfiture of the partisans
of Madame MUNOZ. But as all is riot sunshine
in France, a force of 12,000 troops of the line
has been ordered to Toulouse to keep down the
discontented in that quarter. The Presse, a
Government Journal, admits the intention of an
interference of the Continental Powers in the
affairs of Spain, without the concurrence of Eng-
land. This Journal says
France has seen the Whigs destroy the policy and
the ministry of those persons supported by her on the
other side of the Pyrenees. At present no one thinks of
reviving the chimera of the Quadruple Alliance, and fur
that reason it will be perfectly easy for France
to effect an arrangement with the other European
nations respecting Spanish affairs. In this question our
interest is conformable to theirs. The same motives
which separate us from Great Britain will ever prevent
the Cabinets of the Continent from joining her. In a
word, we are convinced that the Spanish question offers
us an excellent ground for taking full satisfaction for
the state of isolation in which the British policy placed
us in July, 1840."
We can tell the Presse that England will not
permit the Powers that were the last to recog
nine the Government of Spain either to modify
her institutions, or to dispose of the hand of her
SOVEREIGN. Spain has a Government of her
own choice, which, during its brief career,
has manifested a degree of wisdom, modera-
tion, and firmness, which France failed to
purchase by the Revolution of July. We will
have no bastard imitation of a Holy Alliance for
robbing Spain of those liberties which she pur-
chased by seven years of civil war. The KING
of the FRENCH had better restrict his solicitude
to the Government of France. He has there
enough to reform—more than enough, if such
be his mood, to weep over.
The Augsburgh Gazette contains an explanation of the
late disturbance in Livonia. It appears that promises of
grants of land in Russia were actually made to the pea-
sants of the German portion of Livonia by the Bishop of
Riga, on condition of their entering the Greek church,
but that, as he had not been properly authorised to make
these promises, 'the grants never took place. A great
effervescence ensued, and it would have become a re-
gular revolt had not Government interfered.
Madanie Lebaron, a lace-manufacturer at Caen, but
who has a depot in Paris, in the Rue Thevenot, was
robbed two days ago of lace to the value of 11,000 f. by
a man whom she had taken into her service imprudently
to carry her pattern-boxes when she went round to her
customers. It appears that her servant being ill, she
hired a man who sold matches about the streets to fill
his place, and this man for some days served her faith-
fully, but suddenly disappeared, and another match-
vendor offered his services, stating that the former had
been arrested for some irregularity. Madame Lebaron
engaged him, but on the very first day he absconded
with the stock which he was carrying, whilst his mis-
tress was in a shop in the Rue Saint Denis. The police
have arrested the two match-venders, and also a man
and woman who are suspected of being their accomplices
but none of the property has been recovered.

About a month ago, two thieves, named Wolff and
Dupleix, who were being conveyed to prison in a cellu-
lar van, mado their escape, the door baring by error
been left unlocked, and every attempt by the police to
discover their retreat was vain. A few days ago, how-
ever, a notorious,thief, having been taken, told the com-
missary of police before whom he was conveyed that if
he would regale him with a good dinner he would put
him in the way of making a famous capture. The
commissary, althopgh he did not place much confi-
dence in his word, treated him with the dinner, and
immediately afterward the thief took some gendarmes
to a house in the Rue Rochechourt, where seven men
and two women were found, whilst dividing the spoil
resulting from several thefts which they had recently
committed. Amongst them were Wolff and Dupleix,
but Wolf contrived again to make his escape, and was
recaptured on Fridaf last.
_ _

The National, in an article on the Hospice of Salpe-
triere (for aged and lunatic females), says :—" The in-
curable lunatics have lately had given to them for their
physician M. Trelat, a man mild and persevering, who,
taking his unhappy patients in commiseration, and wish-
ing to afford them all the diversion of which they are
capable, conceived the idea of making them sing. This
having succeded, he is now teaching them to read. This
is done by two persons, who have undertaken this diffi-
cult, and in many instances painful, task gratuitously.
The poor patients have become much attached to their
teachers, and are pleased with their lessons. They hasten
to their classes as soon as their friends appear ; and
those who have not yet been admitted, have no other de-
sire than to be so. Some already begin to read fluently,
and some are able to make out the music given them to
learn. The music is taught them by a colleague of M.
Wilhelm, and the reading by M. Teste, a brother of the
Minister. They are also taught to work with the
needle. Their work is excellent, and done much quicker
than by ordinary hands, but purchasers are wanting."
The Sentinelle des Pyrennees of the 9th instant says :
"On Tuesday last a Spanish boat, having on board a
person who is supposed to be an emigrant general, was
on its way from.. the coast of Biscay to Socoa, and had
arrived off Saint Sebastian, when it was perceived by a
trincadour, which pursued it to within a distance of the
coast over which French jurisdiction extends. Arrived
there, a combat it is said took place. A small French
vessel, kept on the coast for the mail service, fired upon
the trincadour of Saint Sebastian, and compelled it to
abandon its prey, and to respect French limits." The
same journal adds—" A battalion of the 38th Regiment
of the Line left yesterday for the extreme frontier of
Spain. The staff goes to Saint Jean de Luz, and several
companies will be cantoned at Hendaye, Behobie, and
other places. Night and day merchandise is being
_a person
packed at Bayonne to send to Spain, previous to the I
Gaite, exlgliobiintegdt‘w"h
car-
rying into execution the customs law, or rather the tariff
establishedA by the Government of Espartero."
pickpocket,
furnished eilveenpi2nfisnagigoforintiii)istffipelaTeeheaatrtle.edue_
oialmiisedattractedthe pro-
fessedtwiohtoiceemoitfriavedtoobtain a seat in the pit next to the Delleehamps, ofthe treasure.
owner.
While the attention of his intended victim vas deeply'
engrossed by a scene on the
stage, our adventurer
thought he could sec
for himself,
from
the
eure his coveted prize. Unfortunately
densenessstake of the audience, Delle-
champs made a slight mistake,
the pocket of a Municipal Go,aaridid putting his hand into
who was next to. th
purse-holder, grasped instead. of the pair
_of
scissors, the points of which reproved himlnrse a '
so severely,
that forgetting his customary caution,h
-claniation. This attracted the notice of f. ethe
uttered an ehxo
at once seized the unlucky Dellechamo soldier, who
at by the collar,
and conducted him to a neighb •
miring guard-house.
The Constitutionne/ states that
a letter has been re-

ceived from St.'Laurent de Cerdans, announcing that
the soldiers of the Spanish post of la Mouga had pur-
sued two of their fellow-countrymen, and fired upon
them on the French territory. The Spanish soldiers
did not return to their post until a Company of the 25th
French Light Infantry came up.
The price of bread for the remainder of th• month is
fixed at 35c. the kilogramme. •
The Anti de la Religion states that Father Jean Bap-
tiste de Frascati, the Carmelite monk, who built the
convent on Mount Carmel, in Palestine, has returned
from that place to France, and is now in Paris
collecting subscriptions for making some additional walls
of defence for that establishment.

The Siecle states that the Bishop of Beauvais, who
had been seriously ill for some days, died the day before
yesterday, aged 73.
Extract of a letter from Algiers of the 3d inst., given
by the Toulonnais :—" During the last three days the
six months' drought has been followed by such a de-
luge of rain, that the lower town, cr modern Algiers. has
been converted into a lake. The streets, become rivers,
are no longer passable, and the arcades are a benefit
which all experience ; for otherwise the liquid mud,
thrown in all directions by the carts and cattle passing
along, would cover all the pedestrians. The works at
the gates are stopped, and all passage through them
would be impracticable, were not men kept constantly
employed in removing the encumbrances brought down
by the torrents. Several of the terraces have been
crushed by the weight of the water. The hospital of
the Saltpetriere has narrowly escaped being inundated
with all its patients. A conduit, which carries into the
sea the waters from the Dey and the mountain being in-
sufficient to disgorge a quantity so great, the current, di-
verged from its course, broke into the wards by the
doors and windows, and bad risen in them to the height
of three feet invading the beds, before it was possible to
make a passage out for it
Last week a well-dressed man accosted the portress of
a house in the Rue du 29 Juillet, and, in the broken ac-
cent
of an Englishman speaking French imperfectly, in-
quired his way to the Hotel de la Madeleine. Whilst he
was speaking, another person came up and asked the
portress what the gentleman wanted. The portress told
him, and the pretended Englishman offered this man a
Napoleon if he would show him the way. At first
he refused, 'but at length consented, generously offer-
ing, however, to give the portress half the gratuity, if she
would accompany them to receive it. Tempted by the
prospect of earning ten francs so easily, the_ portress
consented, and they set off together. On arriving at
the Rue Tronchet, the pretended Englishman expressed
a wish to enter a house of doubtful reputation, which
was pointed out to him by his male' guide, who observed
that he would do well to confide the bulk of the money
which he had about his person to the portress, who
would wait at the door. The advice being followed, a
purse was put into a handkerchief and placed in the
hands of the portress, but, as a guarantee for the safety
of the deposit, she was asked to place her watch in the
hands of the man who was to share with her the
promised Napoleon. The portress, judging by the weight
of the purse that there was gold enough to purchase half
a dozen such watches as hers, which, however, was of
gold, with a gold chain, did as was requested, and took
up her station at the door. After waiting nearly an
hour, she became uneasy, and opening the purse, found
that it contained only bits of lead., The thieves had, in
the meantime, made their escape by another door. 'ln-
formation having been given to the police, the men were
soon afterwards apprehended, and recognised as two no-
torious thieves. They have just been tried, and sen-
tenced, one to seven years' imprisonment, and the other
to five.

It appears by letters which we have received from the
Spanish frontiers, that the Regent is received in Navarre
with the same enthusiasm as during his passage in the
Guipuzcoa. At Pampeluna he was received us a King,
and conducted himself as a King. After having passed
a portion of the day in inspecting the damage caused by
the late bombardment, and having had presented to him
a list of the losses suffered by the town, he decreed
that the property of live of the chiefs of the
rebellion, belonging to the noble and monied aristocracy
of Navarre, should be applied to the rebuilding or re-
pairing of the 253 houses and edifices which were de-
stroyed and injured by the fire of the citadel. This mode
of disposing of the fortunes of citizens is altogether
royal, but perhaps it will not appear to be very constitu-
tional. The Town-hall of Pampeluna has principally
suffered, as it offered a good mark for the in-
surgents, who knew well that the political
and municipal authorities were always sitting there.
A military commission has been appointed to try the
conspirators, but the conduct of Espartero relating to
the prisoners of Saint Sebastian Fives reason to hope
that no more blood will be shed.—Temps.
A letter from Carpentias of the 11th has the following
paragraph :
" The Jury of Vancluse sitting at Carpentias, yes-
terday, acquitted the Marquis de Forbin, after a most
brilliant defence delivered by M. de la Boulie, formerly
a deputy.
" M. Forbin, as is well known, was prosecuted as the
author of a pamphlet, in which he laid down, as a prin-
ciple, the illegality of the Census (re-assessment), ac-
cording to the mode prescribed by M. Humann, and his
object was to prove the necessity of passive resistance
in questions relative to taxes and violation of domicile."—
, Constitutionnel.
We are requested to make known the following act of
justice of the King of Prussia :—" It is notorious that,
in conformity with a policy adopted during the last war
in Poland, the German Journals have not ceased to re-
peat that General timinski, a prisoner of state at Glogau,
was upon parole, and that he violated it, by leaving and
taking an active part in the war against the Russians. The
General did not fail to refute this assertion, which was an
attack upon his honour, by positive proofs ; but the hatred
against him was not disarmed, and one of the principal ma-
gistrates of Prussia went so far as to repeat the accusation
in an official letter. The General did riA hesitate a
moment to make his complaint to the King of Prussia
direct, and to supplicate him to become his judge in an
affair which affected his honour so closely. The King
ordered all the documents connected with the residence
of the General at Glogan to be presented to him, and,
after having examined them himself, he decided that the
accusation against him was unfounded, and gave orders
that the result of his inquiry should be communicated to
the General. Thus, by a truly royal act of equity, is
an end put to a calumny which has existed for ten years.
The well-known Hotel des Trois Bois, at Basle, has
just been sold for 260,000 E The purchaser intends to
pull it down, and to erect a new and splendid building,
to be called the Hotel Baur, in its place. This specula-
tion has been entered upon in the expectation that the
Strasburg railroad will, ere long, be completed up to the
town.
An extraordinary suicide lately took place in the
forest of Argues, near Dieppe. A young man had been
seen for some days wandering on the borders of the
forest, and as it was supposed that he was a criminal
concealing himself from justice, the gendarmes went in
search of him, but he was not to be found. A few days
ago, however, he was discovered by some sportsmen
hanging from the branch of a tree at only a few paces
from the road. There was found upon him a memoran-
dum hook with the words " Augustus Renard " written
in it, which is supposed to have been his name. The
medical man who examined the body declared that
before the man hanged himself he had nearly starved
himself to death.
A circular order has been issued by the Danish Go-
vernment, directing the bailiffs of districts to discover
whether secret associations of workmen exist in their lo-
calities, and to report upon them. It is stated in the
circular that tile Government, in concert with those of
the neighbouring Status, has agreed to make mutual de-
nunciations of all such associations in their respective
territories.

SUMMARY NE-5

AND
Public Optuton.

" Who runs mug read."

FORZEXGN.
There is but little political news in the French papers.
The France asserts the truth of the following curious
statement :—" M. Olozaga having demanded from M.
Guizot the expulsion from France of Maria Christina,
the Minister asked if he made the demand in the r.ameof

Queen Isabell;. -7.iiieS;;;;ish Ambassador replied in the
affimative, and M. Guizot then observed, that in order
for such a demand to be regular, it was necessary for
him to produce a note as the Minister Plenipotentiary of.
Isabella. M. de Olozaga, who is usually so accute, fell into
the snare, and sent the note in the sense required, and it
was communicated to some members of the diplomatic body.
The Neapolitan Ambassador protested against such a
demand, observing that hospitality could not with de-
cency be refused to a female who was daughter of a
King, widow of a King, sister of a King, and mother of
a Queen, and that her expulsion from France would be a
monstrous and even an immoral act. The Austrian
Charge d'Affaires was of the same opinion. The other
Ambassadors of the Sovereigns who have not recognised
Isabella, said they could not offer an opinion without re-
ceiving instructions from their Courts on the subject. As
the hosts of the Tuileries are politically very moral,
Maria Christina of Bourbon will, if it suits her, be her
own mistress to pass the winter at her villa of the Rue de
Courcelles."—So because Mad. Munoz happens to be the
daughter, widow, and tnother of a sovereign, she is to ob-

tain an immunity for crimes for which her accomplice: have
already forfeited their lives ! Kings' widows, like kings
themselves, can do no wrong. M. Guizot has certainly
precedent on his side, for when in the reign of Louis
XIV., the ex-Queen of Sweden, Christina, murdered her
chamberlain, the Court of France held her excused be-
cause she had been a crowned head ! Such is the mora•

lity of Governments, especially that of France. Need
we wonder to hear of the existence of communist revolu-
tionary fraternities after this ?
The Pres.se contends that Franco has no ambitious de-
signs upon Spain. Why, then, assemble an army of
25,000 men at Perpignan, and 25,C00 men at Bayonne ?
Does Spain threaten to invade France ? Or with the
proceedings now going forward in the Chamber of
Peers, will the French Cabinet have the assurance to
affirm that the Government of Espartero in Spain is not
more popular than that of Louis Philippe in Prance? Louis
Philippe may withdraw his armies from the frontier, for
he can neither overthrow the Constitution, nor dispose of
the hand of Queen Isabella. Spain will not permit it, and
were she wanting in the elements of successful resistance,
England would be bound to assist her. Louis Philippe
need not flatter himself that he will be permitted to play
over again the game of that old fungus of corruption
Louis XVIII.

The Moniteur announces the arrival at Brest on the
12th inst. of the squadron under the orders of Rear-
Admiral Casy. consisting of the ships of the line, Le
Suffren, Le Jupiter, Le Scipion, Le Triton, and Le
Jena, from Toulon.

M. Guizot is now in his 55th year, having been born
at Nismes on the 4th of October, 1787.
"The baton of Marshal of France," observes the Na-

tional, "is no lenger borne except by septuagenarians
and octogenarians. Marshal Moncey is in his 89th year;
Marshal Soult is in his 73d; the Duke de la Tarentein

his 75th ; the Duke de Reggio in his 75th; Count Mo-
litor in his 71st; Marshal Clausel in his 70th; Marshal
Grouchy in his 76th; Marshal Sebastiani in his 70th.
The two youngest are Marshal Gerard and Marshal
Valee, who, however, are both in their 69th years. The
joint age of all the Marshals is 737 years—the average
age 73 7-10."
The Pope has announced that a perfect reconciliation
has taken place between the Courts of home and Portugal.
Mr. Lyell, the eminent English geologist, is lecturing
before crowded audiences in Boston, in an establishment
called the " Lowell Institute," founded by a wealthy

man of that name, who bequeathed to it 200,000 dol-
lars, the interest of which is to be devoted to the disse-
ink ation of useful knowledge among the reople, free of
charge. The trustees have adopted the plan of engaging
the services of eminent lecturers, to deliver courses be-
fore the people, on their respective branches. Hence
Professor Lvell was engaged to come over, and receives
100 dollars for each lecture he delivers.
PUBLIC OPINION.

The Morning Post observes, in a leading article on the
subject of the education of the Roman Catholic clergy :
—‘• The present Government is fortunately in a position
of strength, based upon the solid foundation of public
confidence, which warrants and commands it to confront
the difficulties which surround the subject of the educa-
tion and social state of the Roman Catholic clergy of
Ireland, the most difficult and intractable subject with
which any body of patriotic statesmen has ever been
summoned to contend—a position of strength which not

.
only warrants and commands them to confront these
difficulties, but affords them a reasonable ground of
hope that they,may, by subduing them, achieve the great-
est and most valuable triumph that patriotic statesmen
ever won since the progress of human civilization first
began to combine the ideas of government with those of
philanthropy in its highest sphere of int! uence —of phi-
losophy in its noblest field of investigation ; of energy,
and moral courage on the loftiest stage for their display."
—These allusions to the strength of the Ministers,
founded on the public confidence in their integrity and
patriotism, are so absurd as to wear the appearance of
irony. There may be partial, but there can be no lasting
public, confidence in a Government of which such a
shameless apostate as Sir James Graham for:ns one of
the most influential members; which is compelled to pay
deference to the opinions of such a determined monopo-
list as the Duke of Buckingham; which is alternately
wheedled and bullied by a Stanley; and which acknow-
ledges as its head a statesman so wholly devoid of vigour,
decision, promptitude, and enlarged sagacity, as Sir Ro-
bert Peel !
The Chronicle contains an article on the subject of
Sir Robert Peel's industrious habits of business, in the
course of which, after observing that a man may be busy
to very little purpose, our Contemporary goes on to say :
—" If he has a laudable ambition of writing his name
in the book ,of posterity, he will take care of his pre-
sent opportunity. Now or never will he rise into a
statesman. Now or never must he comprehend his
position, if he wish to retain it. Now or never will he
' disprove the current opinion that, clever as he is, he is
but a superficial politician, a mere master of expediencies.
Let him, then, wisely improve his time—let him be
prepared for the next session of Parliament. His dan-
ger, on one side, arises from the party that has brought
' him into power. It were the poorest folly to deny that
they consider him as their servant, brought into office
for their own purposes. To assert his independence is
to convert them into his antagonists, or, at best, his
lukewarm supporters. And yet if he throws himself
entirely upon his party, his downfal is as certain as that
the sun rises to-morrow. The present system cannot
be upheld in the face of a decaying empire."—
Sir Robert Peel can only rise into a statesman by wholly
changing his habits of thought—by altering, in fact, the
entire structure of his mind,which is scarcer to be expe led
from a man considerably advanced on the shady sid: of
fifty. He may still continue, by means of his well-
known tact and plausibility, to keep himself afloat as a
party politician; but he will never exhibit to a tvantage
as a legislator of an enlarged and philosophical turn of
mind. He has been brought up in a bad school. His
intellect cannot take in a whole. It has a limited and
partial range; and takes microscopic views of things.
The purblind party that made him, will unmake him ere
long. They have got him so fast in their clutches, that
he must, perforce, sink or swim with them; and it needs
no great foresight to predict that, however it may
triumph for a season, Toryism—in its present form—
must eventually sink, and be heard of no more.
The Times remarks on some recent Tory public
dinners in Shropshire and elsewhere-:--" Few things
have contributed more to consolidate and strengthen
the Conservative party than those loyal constitutional
festivals, which, in later years, have become so frequent
in every part of the kingdom. By means of such as-
semblages, in which convivial gratification has ever been
subsidiary to a much higher object, the sounder ele-
ments of political society have been brought into useful
and systematic co-operation ; gentlemen whose talents
and activity qualify them for rendtwing essential ser-
vice to the good cause, have been drawn from a leisurely
retirement into a well-defined field of exertion ; an en-
lightened zeal for the preservation and improvement
of public institutions has been more widely diffused ;
Conservative registration societies have sprung into
vigorous existence ; the insolence of democratic aggres-
sion has been extensively checked ; and the current
topics usually discussed on such occasions have given
a beneficial impulse to the national mind in canvassing
and modifying the general policy of the country."—
God help the persons who expect to derive—what the
Times so magniloquently calls—the sound elements of
political wisdom, from the speeches made at Tory public
dinners ! Infinite will be their disappointment if they
hope to glean from such speeches one idea beyond abso-
lute common-place. Allusions to our glorious Consti-
tution in Church and State ; trite panegyrics on our na-
tional virtues, which render us the envy and the admi-
ration of all surrounding nations ; discourses on the
patriotic propensities of the House of Lords, mixed up
with special eulogiums on Toryism in general, and on
the present Ministers in particular—these form the staple
of Tory after-dinner oratory ; and he who can glean
any of the sounder elements of political wisdom Irons
such backnied common-places, must be a man far indeed
below the average of humanity in point of intellect. It
is not from the lips of Toryism that maxims of political
wisdom can ever be expected to fall. " Can any good
come out of Nazareth ?"
The Herald thus speaks of Lord Alvanlev's recent
pamphlet :—" Lord Alvanley in proposing that a Pro-
testant State should take into its pay a Romish clergy,
resembles the Indian who fells the tree that he may
gather the fruit, the Arab who plunders the caravans of
commerce, or the thoughtless Romans who pillaged and
wounded the pilgrims visiting the shrine of St. Peter ;
his Lordship overlooks the future in the present, and
would relinquish for the possible momentary enjoyment
of tranquillity the long and secure possession of the most
important blessings. Lord Alvanley, or the subtler
spirit who is allowed to use his Lordship's name, would
purchase peace at the expense of principle—for expos
diency he would resign conscience, and sacrifice to an
ideal object advantages which can, if lost, never be re-
gained. Lord Alvanley is a man of the world, or at
least of that portion of the world which is to be found
in political clubs, and fashionable society—yet he, or
some one for him, has put forth a proposition wholly in-
consistent with worldly knowledge."
The Dublin Pilot says—" Peel, in the tottering condi-
tion of his Government and of the country, has, in every
instance, resorted to postponement instead of measures
and intrigues instead of force. On no question has in-
trigua been so busy as iu relation to Repeal. Yrow,

Home to Galway, from Manch ster to Carlow, every de .
vice has been employed, every soft point acted upon,-
every infirmity of temper or principle tampered with, to
try even from the bosom of the Irish people themselves,
to get some of them, as of old, to roast each other, their
country, and its most vital measures on the political spit."
The following is from the Brighton Guardian :
" There is no cessation of public distress. On the con-
trary, more persons at Nottingham, Manchester, and
Paisley continually requiru relief, and several additional
failures, it is said, have occurred at Glasgow. Some
little expectation was excited by the acquittal of AtiLeod
as removing one chance of hostility with the United
States ; but the condition of our trade is less dependent
on such contingencies than on our own legislation, and
till that is altered there will be no revival of our pros
perity.
he Tyne Mercury remarks, in an article suggested
by the signs of the times:—•' rhe pressure from without
forms itself gradually by the impinging as it were of
one mind upon another, till that vast combination is
produced which goes by the name of public opinion.
Never was the process of intellectual amalgamation so
powerful as it is at present. Almost every newspaper
you take up convinces you of the truth—almost every
man you meet with adduces to you, in ordinary con-
versation, some evidence of the forming of one of those
immense phalanxes of thought and feeling which are
preparing for great and overwhelming achievements.
We ever expected, as, indeed, we have frequently de-
clared, that such things would arise from the accession
of a Tory Ministry. That accession was required to pro-
duce the reaction which is approaching."
We quote the following from the Cambridge Adver-
tiser:—" We shall soon feel the disastrouS effects of the
rejection by the Tories of Lord John Russell's proposi-
tion of a reduction upon the duty paid for the admission
of Brazilian sugar. Manufactured articles to the value
of nearly five millions of money are annually exported
from this country to Brazil, while by the imposition of
a duty, which amounts almost to a prohibition, we vir-
tually refuse to take :thy portion of Brazilian produce in
exchange."
WIONEY—TRADE-601121YLMRCE.

At Paisley during the past week, the number of work-
people, with their wives and families, depending on the
Relief Committee for existence, has increased to upwards
of 2,000: the total number being no less than 8,435
persons, who have no means of supporting themselves
except by charity.