The Sun.
London, England, 1840-08-14 00:00:00

TRADE WITH CHINA.

In the future conduct of the trade, it would be
most desirable to obtai❑ a commercial treaty with
the Chinese admitting—
First. Admission not only to Canton, but to cer-
tain ports to the northward, say Amoy, Fuh-cho-
foci, Ningpo, and the Lang-che-keang and K wan-
chou,.situated between 29 and 30 deg. north lati-
tude, near the silk, nankin, and tea districts, and
it is on this coast that the chief demand for British
woollens, long•ells, and camlets exists.

Second. Commercial relations to be maintained
at these places, or at Canton, generally with the
Chinese natives ; but if the trade be limited to
certain longs, which we most strongly deprecate,
then the Government to be guarantees of the sol-
vency of such parties so chosen by it.
Third. That British subjects in China carrying
on a legitimate trade, shall not be treated by the
Government or its officials as inferiors, but be left

free, in their social and domestic relations, to adopt
European customs, to possess warehouses, and to
have their wives and families with them, and to be
under the protection of the Chinese laws from insult
and oppression.
Fourth. That a tariff' of duties, inwards and out-
wards, be fixed and agreed upon by the British and
Chinese Governments, and no alteration be made
but by mutual consent.
Fifth. That the Queen's Representative, as Su.
perintendent of the trade, be allowed direct com-
munication with the Emperor and his Ministers, as
well as with the local authorities ; and that he be
permitted to reside at Pekin, or at a given port, for
the protection of British subjects, and the regu-
lation of the trade.

Sixth. That in the event of any infraction of the
Chinese laws, the punishment for the same shall be
confined to the offender ; and British subjects shall
not be considered responsible for the arts of each
other, but each man for his own—the innocent not
being confounded with the guilty.
Seventh. That supposing the Chinese to refuse
opening their ports generally, the cession, by pur-
chase or otherwise, of an island be obtained, upon
which a British fictory could be established.
Upon terms such as these, the British trade
with China could, we think, be carried on with
credit and advantage to this country ; and if force
must be used to obtain them, we cannot believe that

ihe people of Great Britain and the European com-
munity in general, would offer any objection to its
exercise ; at least we humbly suggest that the adop-

.ion of this course is worth the trial ; for i 2 it be not
Followed, the only alternative seems to be the aban-

donment of this important and glowing commerce to
smugglers and to piracy.—Plan suggested by the
East India and China Association.

POPULA PION IN CHINA.

The Chinese lcirns from his infancy that a small
quantity of money will purchase a great many comforts,
and even some luxuries ; and this has taught him to set
a value upon it, which makes him eager to earn it, and
frugal in its use. In this country a poor man some•
times holds up a small piece of money and asks, " What
can I do with it ?" In China, shops are stored to
overflowing with every article of food or clothing at a
low price, to answer that question. The man can,
when hungry, go to a stall and get as much vermicelli,
rice and boiled duck as he can cat, and finish with a
basin of jelly by way of desert, for less than a penny.
The multitude of hands is the cause of this cheapness.
Population thus becomes a blessing.
In China marriage is honourable. The wealthy, in

the language of oontucius, "study night and day"
tiil they have found matches for their children. The
poor, who cannot bestow a dowry, leave the matter in
the hands of their offspring. Still the mother often
discharges the duties of the household, and allows her
daughter to appear neat and gay, in hope that her fair
looks may attract some youth to marry her. The poor
lad who has to make his fortune by good conduct, and is
obliged to maintain his parents. if old, is assiduous at
labour, and parsimonious in spending, that he may lay by
something to furnish a house and to buy withal a beauti-
ful wife. For the dowry in China is like the " dowry"
of the Patriarchs and the Mosaic law—something given
for, and not with, the bride. Population is the result of
these early marriages, which are so greatly encouraged
by the ease with which a family may be maintained.
There is a beautiful reciprocation between the cheapness
of provisions and early marriages. If it be asked why
people marry so early in China, the answer is, because
provisions are cheap. Again, if it be asked wh3 provi-
sions are cheap, the answer is, because men marry be-
times, and thus a rapid increase takes place in the nun:-
her of labourers.
If you visit a country, let the natural resources be
what they will, where there is but here and there an
inhabitant, you find nothing to soothe or embellish life.
If you go to China, where the natives have scarcely
room to move, you find everything. An extensive view
of China and other countries, upon the principles of in-
ductive philosophy, would show us to a demonstration,
that there was never a greater bug•bear than that
dreaded thing, increase of population, when clothed in
the awful garb of geometrical progression. Had our
political economists made a voyage round the world,
and reflected impartially upon what they had seen, they
would have concluded that a country can never reach
its highest pitch of prosperity till the inhabitants are
.
densely crowded together.—Evening Paper Pa • .

WAR WITH FRANCE.—By all who entertain
the slightest appre hms.ion of a war with France on account
of the Quadruple Treaty for the settlement of affairs bc-
tween Turkey and Egypt, the speech of Lord Palmerston
on Thursday will be read with unmixed satisfaction. It is
at once a courteous and dignified reply to the slander and
invective of the French 'Press, and a clear and able
vindication of the line of policy adopted by England.—
Scotsman.

ANIMAL. HEAT.—Dutrochet has found that
the temperature of the frog in the open air is 1 deg. C.
lower than that of the surrounding atmosphere; but that
when immersed in water, its temperature is .03 to .05 C•
higher than the surrounding air. The temperature of the
grey 1 zard was 0 18 deg. lower than that of the atmos-
phere. 'The' temperature of the carp when plunged in
water is the came as that of the liquid. The leech and
snails are colder than the atmosphere.