The Sun.
London, England, 1841-06-07 00:00:00

LITERATI RE

LANDLORD AND TENANT.
By William Berwick, Esq.
(At the request of a correspondent we copy the
following notice 'of this pamphlet from the Scot.
4:44 Pilot, but we cannot see on what grounds
Perwick complains of the Marquis of Down-
Qn"e. The lease had expired, . and the landlord
ask what rent he pleased) :
The author, understanding that Mr. O'Connell had
ttaken up the question of landlord and tenant, has ad-
eased a letter to him for the purpose of acquainting
m with au act of oppression inflicted upon him by his
,s'ate landlord, the Most Honourable the Marquis of
•uownshire, which, he says, will serve to demonstrate to
the world the absolute necessity that exists for the enact-
ment of a law to secure to the tenant just and fair remune-
ration 4i,
J his expenditure of labour and capital, and his
enjoyd.ont oldie lands, paying fair and just rent. The
kitten. saes
" With respect to the motives which actuated his
Lordship in treating me in the cruel, m ijust, and tyranni-
bmanner he has done I shall not pass any opinion ;
Mto enable you and the public to form a correct judg,
;ent on that head, I refer you to the following narrative
o° which I beg leave to solicit your earnest attention.
the first place, then, I wish • you to understand that
* ten successive yeas I was a tenant of his Lordship,
holding under 1i ii the mansion-house and farm of Lis-
mfibreen, in the parish of Knockbreda, in the county
1),()wn_; I regular:y got up petitions to Parliament,
rraYtng fie. the total aboltion of tithes
ofand
endingChurch-cess.
The very head and front of m o hath thisnt, exri-nt, no more." y
The author goes on to say—
" In despite of all the opposition I had met with, I
eealtinued every Sessi t get up petitios weh I for-
warded to Mr. Ituth en , o
Mr. M`Cance,n Mr.hi Sharman
crawf
-urd, Mr. Henry Grattan, Mr. Hume, and your
Z.e_rdly self respectively ; -and, if I mi,•take not, it was
tes-71ntg to the representationi you made, on presenting the
4(14 ton from Knockbreda, against Church cess, that you
mike h good fortune to prevail upon the Minister to pro-
-04 that he would- either modify or totally abolish that
_onstis impost altogether. Mist I was performing what I
„e idered a duty inch I owed my fellow -countrymen, it
isruiequently occurred to my mind that the course I was pur-
ouin.g"koi in direct oppposition. to the wishes of the Mar-
motl 4 Downshire. 1 concluded that my eonduct would
,;:eman'
be overlooked ; that I should be considered a marked
, and that no mercy Would be shown to me when I
thanttii" dettiand a renewal of its lease ; the result proved
was right in my conclusion, thr, when my lease
trio•
r:d) his Lordship was not satisfied' to raise my rent
to all en"rumusly, but he also thought proper, contrary
thinr, Veeedent, to impose a rent on the dwedinghouse,
„ hire unknown in this country !! ! •
prec.,"e e°nsequence was, my property was so much de-
in value, that when I offered it for sale to the
hung l.~da`n Hudso'n, I could only obtain for it three
3 ‘e(l.gililleas, -.although it stood me altogether fully
t bemired
pounds ! thus • sustaining a loss of four-
a hundred and eighty-five pounds."

COMMODORE NAPIER.
The • (I,: om thy. British Queen).
bar aberal electors of the borough of Marylebone
beLLexertecl theinselves with praiseworthy energy during
~st week to obtain for themselves the honour of
cote r(prestnted in Parliament by the Hero of Acre_
*neje, (41°r° Sir CHARLES NAPIER. Other constitu-
they- will confer distinction upon the persons whom
but'ellY choose to send into the House of Commons,
catia°wever gratifying it may be to the feelings of the
nt Commodore receive such a testimony of
epPrnclar to esteem and confidence, it can neither exalt nor
Postt hint in the eyes of his contemporaries nor of
ntattelitY• With his good sword he has cut his own
'l'eith Pon one of the most prominent pillars in the
ic
seat r. °f Paine. In his election, therefore, to a
ether 111 the House of Commons, we shall
Ne witness the expression of public grad-
derio f,"r services so eminent, end of public confi-
gritte:o the liberal principles and high moral inte-
of "f the chivalrous Commodore, than the exaltation
stro" individual to a position to which he had no
akie.ger claim upon his country than the wish and the
of Cb"J. tO be of' use to it in the Senate.
ult great and glorious as were the naval achievements
%o4`;oranioclore NAPIER on the coast of Syria, those per-
raerrrl}judge of half their importance who regard them
the Yas military exploits. They combined in themse yes
44, realiZatiOß of the plans of a great Commander
~,4" the triumph of the policy of a great States-
-1,11% When Commodore NAPIER was first or-
,lll to attack AIEHEDIET ALI in Syria, it is
totetnl.known that France was raising prodigious arma-
liss• I:Eenrding the fortress of St. Jean d'Acre,
ark 4;", for °six weeks successfully resisted a French
ble
etz:manded by the great NAPOLEON, as impregna-
ta
at' I. Tniyits felt assured that before the Allies could
ae ny impression upon it France would be ready to
furtoe field under the banner of the VICEROY. Ar,
'Pean war was therefore imminent. Nothing short
pale most Speedy and decisive success on the
cal: 91 the British expedition could avert such a
taity. All this was known to Sir CHARLES
ri
a4ti:R. Though placed under the command of
into Admiral Admiral who, with the best intentions, was
eo,;l'etent to conduct an affair requiring such
aeit.rke SY and promptitude, the Gallant Commodore
nor g
t! disappointed .the expectations of the Crown
the u. e, country. He comprehended at a glance
tai,ll.ousness of his position in relation to Great Bri-
Would Bay,
that unless the blow was struck at once it
Plished:pBt,rtlek too late, and he immediately accom-
Pstrioti7 that foresight could plan, bravery achieve,. or
cherish •%) require. In a few hours he dispelled i 111:qt:ins
lit3te,,,edA for years by the French Cabinet and ME-
thall -L''LL Acre fell, and the sword of France, more
its c tif drawn was despairingly restored to
:34
itsbai::kunirfdt;i Nor did he less distinguish himself
diplomatist at Alexandria,
Treaty
as
'with tie"fliniander in Syria. It is true that his
and VIcERoY was rejected by Admiral ST.OI:FORDL
less t PDXSONEY in the first instance ; but it is n.o
ceiveriu; that it formed the basis of the Treaty which le-
t', th' the sanction of the Porte and the Four Powers.
coorag,erre, there be one man in Europe to whose
thaii • talents, and patiiotisea we are more indebted
laotoen" anY other for the peace which Europe at this
Content No p, We advisedly affirm that that man is
Irreottore CHARLES NAPIER, candidate for the
lerse_ntation of Alarylebone in the House of Commons I
ine.,Io.YR,IRLEs NAPIER'S political principles are too well
to the bulk of his fellow-countrymen, and espe-
boo?. Mall • to the electors of Marylebone, to render it incum-
ef US to dwell upon them here. He is a Radical
/44,3" right sort, and as decidedly opposed to the Com-
as ci)lw and other restrictions upon the freedom of trade,
1144 iel THOMPSON himself. The people will find
ei,ll:s unflinching on the floor of the House of Com-
elccti„as °ll the quarter-deck of the Powerful. His
such'll we consider certain ; but in the presence of
draw an it would delight us to witness the with-
Wera' "f tr eepopular support from .an adverse candidate.
greatness duly recognized by the people, Sir
NAPIEa's return for Marylebone would be as
Avltlitted as the return of the Right Hon. Joux
cif rottent CROKER for Aldborough in the good old days
-borough representation.

DANISH CLAIMS.
•
Th_ (From the British Queen.)
the question of the Danish claims has how been before
vetP4ol3.lic for years ; and. we are almost ashamed to ad-
tib it, because it implicates, to a certain degree, the
X.h.:),r41 Government which now rules the country, and
bound we trust, will long rule it ; but the subject is so
guillift` uP with commercial interests, that we shOuld be
Vie °f a dereliction of duty in passing it over. We
to not enter into the details of the claims, farther than
eoSttate that, in consequence of the last attack upon
Iva,` "hag en, a great amount of commercial property
e, confiscated by the Danish Government, and that
ofq.Pnsation was made to our merchants for a portion
13,.itt.l''e loss out of funds which were set apart by the
atrisilShg,Government for that purpose. These funds,
wore g 'rem the capture of Danish property, would cover
lets
co than all the losses sustained ; yet owing to the reck-
th e,onduct of the Tories, only a portion was allotted for_
the Denefit of the sufferers, and what became of
tell, rest the advisers of George the Fourth only can
IletliJu considering this qu.estion, however, we have
aationg to do with any particular Government. The
410 4is responsible ; and the reformed House of Com-
el, II; viel‘ing it in that light, have decided that what-
pr,; the Percival or'the Liverpool Ministry might judge_
thi'Per for their own c mvenience, the representatives. of
koe,PeoPle will rot suffer .merchants engaged in a legal-
--- trade '
IlatiA to be robbed of their property by the m. River-
ei pelf any Government. When Mr. Spring Rice
.was
..4a ..
Itgai ,:,:<,)r of the Exchequer, the question was decided
cid l'
-'ll'm by a considerable majority. It has been de-
lio(*(1 in the same manner since he was thrown into the
saolle6 of Peers, and the legality of the grant has been
e„oatt°ed by three deliberate votes of the House. of.
but rrl°ll The present Government cannot deny tined
to follow hancellor of the Exchequer seems incli_
to in the footsteps of his predecessor, and
rule a claim which he cannot, according to the
it ',B of the Douse, refuse. On Wednesday night
The put off on account of the latenesS of the hour.
157 araoUnt altogether is about 200,000/. ; and when it
"ell ku , ' • •
that (An that millions have been voted away after
no Period,, not sanctioned by three successive votes,
L.,_,nestined, as in this case, to relieve claimants who
yge4`res been kept out of their property for nearly forty
cure
! we cannot help saying that this course of procer
acio._ Is unworthy of a Liberal Government. As if con-
werus. Of the injustice inflicted by his party, Mr Cress-
he.2 has latterly brought forward the motion ; he has
ahp supported by Lord Sandon, and by men of both
~,;7,s f the House, unconnected with commercial con-
s:';el.leies ; and though no measure of the kind was ever
Nhill,llly warranted by that branch of the Legislature
ai_ 'Which holds the strings of the public purse, de sufferers
Lion till. left in doubt as to the result. A. general elec-
tgs, however, is coining, when all the Parliamentary
.p0',..,9f .the last four years will be brought before the.
an..`,11.c ; and if, on Wednesday next, when the motion
ro comes on it is shuffled off under any pretext
If,s(c4etever, the claimants, and they are not few nor
o' rless, will take care that this great sin shall not-be.
I;otten.
........_._____
11.

1, -'s Excellency the Count Bjornstjerna, Envyy
fetraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary from the
(),:n" ?I' Sweden and Norway, with his suite, embarko
(ItII% morning at the Custom-house, on bea
Tape
tut'ral Steam Navigation ComLany's steam shims
~ Captain Whittinghana, for arnburgh p
will he seen from the list of the majority
to hue division that the Tories had the i:docen
6„74aPel M. ihttaeld, the' Member for Abingdon, j,o
,11-.44:1 to. th.G vote within a few days after the death of his
rIQ daughter, who was on the point of marriage
etl snateh,2d away from her bereaved paren.
• . :.-. .

OP'.IN'=ON OF E SCOTCH PRESS
ON THE VETO QUEsTION.
(From the Glasgow Herald.)
The debate on Sir Robert Peel's motion has been twice ad
journed, and the House, at its rising on Friday, a
.journed for
the Whitsuntide holidals to Wednesday next. The discus-
sion will be then resumed, and, judging from its character
hitherto, we may calculate on its lasting over several mights
more. The principal speakers on Thursday and Friday were
Sir Robert Peel and Sir James Graham in support of the
motion and Mr. Macaulay and Lord Morpeth against it. Lord
Worsley intimated, early in the debate, that although he had
opposed Ministers on the subject of Sugar duties, and meant to
oppwe them on that of the Corn-laws, he would not support Sir
H. Peel's motion, approving as he did of the general policy of
Miniaters. Several Members similarly situated are expected to
follow his Lordship's example ; but that they would adopt this
course—with what regard to consistency the country will judge
—was, we believe, fully calculated upon from the first. The
division, probably, will he a narrow one; but from the tone of
the Government press, and from other indications, we have
every reason to believe that the resolution will be carried. The
most sanguine supporters of ftlini ters do not expect more than
a majority of three in their favour
The proceedings of the House of Lords have been without
interest.

_
The General Assembly has taken the course whirl' was anti-
cipated, and whi,h, indeed, the dominant party were bound,
in consistency with their previous procedure, to follow. They
have pronounced sentence of depodt,on on the seven ministers
cf S:ttathbogie. and deprived 31r. Edwards of his license.
As to the practical consequences of the sentence of deposi-
tion, as regards those against whom it has been pronounced,
it is manifest that it will be whoil. inoperative. They have
appied, es in former instances, for protection .to the Civil
t_ourt, and interdict has been granted, as a matter cf
course, against the Assembly's tak,ng any steps to carry
their sentence into execution. 'the interdict was served on
the Moderator and other office-bearers on Saturday, and it.
is certain that if the matter be contested in the Civil
C.itits, the only result will be that the interdict will be de-
clared perpetual. The dominant Church party may hold
their own views as to whit ought or ought no, to
be law, and. they act consistently with the maxims they have
adopted in p, oc, edit* even to the last sentence in their
pnwer against these of their brethren who differ from them
iu npininn. taut the Civil Courts must be consistent also.
I hey have solemnly declared the Veto Act to be illegal. They
have held that no one can be allowed to suffer injury for obey-
ing the law, which i, is their province to expound. They must,
as a matter of course, ptiyect to the full extent of their power
those who are threatened with penalties, simply because they
have rendered civil obedience. As they set.asule the Assem-
bly's sent,mee of suspension. they. must set aside their sentenceof eposition pronounc,d in the same' case and on the same
grounds. As regards their protection, therefore, from all con-
segue ,ces of the setrence, the seven bre hren are s,-cure. At
the same time they enjoy the couwenance and support of a
large section of the Church who refuse to acknowlechte the va-
tinily of their deposition, and openly approve of all thit they
have done. TO them the• sentence is harmless. It is to the
Church itself that the consequences threaten to be most se-
riously injurious. , .

( From the Scotsman.)
The violent proceedings of the Church have disgusted sober
men, and will drive many from its communion. They are, in
truth, so utterly indefensible upon any principle of common
sense, that it is exceedingly difficult to understand from what
possible motives so many educated individuals have concurred
in them.' It is 'plain thlit,•as the 134 Stands, the Assembly is
no match for the Civil Courts. It must be worsted in the
dispute, unless it gets some Goierniiient as foolish as it-
self, to pass an Act sanctioning its preposterous chinas. From
the Fories the Non-Intrusi,in tantion has no hing of the kinil to
exiiect ; and, though some illeinth•rs of the Whig Ministry have
coutitenat•ced its wild schemes (little, in our opinion, to
the advantage of their nun party), the Church knows that
the chiefs of the Government shrink from the task of legislat-
ing on the subject. The most ratitical conclusion is, that the
Church is sacrificing its interest to its pride; that, having
been misled into a foolish course some years ago by wrong-
headed counselors, without a distinct conception of the conse-
quences, ,and having boasted and vapoured immeasurably of
what it had achieved and would achieve, it is ashamed to re-
cede from the dangerous position it has tak-n up, and thus
blunders on from one false step to another. That it has great
misgivings, hOwever, is evident from the 6th resolution fassed
on Monday, which speaks of the present circumstances of the
Church as" critical' and '• alarming" and calls on the Legisla-
ture for help. Its prayer cannot be listened to.
(From the Edinburgh Advertiser.)
The high hand with -which the Non-Intruslonists have car-
ried matte, s against their opponents, is we believe without
parallel in any period of the Church's history since the Revo-
lution. In ten days they have deposed ten parish min stern.
And if the dominant party act consistently, the work of depo-
sition must go on a great deal further; for they ought to de-
pose not only the 125 who voted fur Dr. Cook's motion on
Thursday, but every clergyman who signs or adheres to the
protest and declaration tendered by that side of the
House. disallowing the validity of the sentence of the
Assembly against the seven brethren of Strathbogie, by re-
solving still to regard them as members of the Establishment.
On this ground the majority, to be consistent, ought to
launch their spiritual thunder against one half of the Es-
tablished Ministers; for most assuredly the crime of disobe-
dience to the decrees of the Supreme Ecclesiastical Jud c tory
is as justly chargeable against them as against the seven sus-
pended ministers. We defy the Non-Intrusionists to escape
from this dilemma; but the truth of the mister is, their sen-
tences iif depusit ion, in eight cases out of the ten, are no better
than waste paper. •
. _ _

(From the Scotch Reformer's Gazette.)
It will be seen that the ran pant majority of the General
Assembly base actually proceeded to depose the seven minis-
ters of Strathbogie. It now remains to be seen whether the
law of this land will do its du'y, by striking in and energeti.
tally pro:ecting these men from one of the most cruel pieces
of clerical tyranny ever perpetrattd in a Christian age or in a
civilised country.
(From the Glasgow Argus.)
The General Assembly have at 1,4406 reached the crowning
point in their mad career. On Thursday they proceeded to
depose the st.vell clergymen of the Pi esbytery of Strathbogie,
and nit the following day they deprived bin. Edwards, the rni-
nist,7r of blarnoch, of his license. The seven churches were
, declared vacant, and ntimati..n of the sentence was or-
dered to be made f om all Ihe pulpits in the Presbytery, the
Moderator being likewise diree•ed to intimate the vacancies to
the patrons, that they might in due course be supplied •
Myer, in the history of ihe Church, has she appeared in
the helpless attitude in which the folly of the dominant party
has exhibited her at the present moment Never before. in
her annals, were men seen fulminating decrees in fhis childish
fashion, which the% had no lower of currying into effect. An
anxious lunging for ad iitional power, and. :a 'de-ire to strike
down ail who stand in the way of its attaitiment, has been
made abundantly manifest; but evcry onwaid ,step has only
helped to plunge the clergy deeper in the Mire, and they have;
now reached a depth from which they will find it almost im-
possible to extricate th,rnseves.
The movement throughout has been based upon an untena-
ble, as well as a dishonest, pretext, and the defeated jugglers
are, therefore, deprived of the sympathy of any numerous por-
tion of the community.
(From the Aberdeen Herald.)
We are. neither surprised nor disappointed at the step taken
by the wild party. Four weeks ago, we stated that they must
go on if they did net wish utterly to stultify themselves ; and it
is much better that they should have brought the question to a
point at once, than that they shill hang it up indefinitely by
the adoption of a temporizing policy. That many of them
deeply regret having placed themselves in a false pcsition, we
do not doubt, the backing out on the patronage question is a
proof of their secret misgivings-; but they could not for very
shame, after so much boasting and bravado, refrain from ex-
erting the extraordinary powers which, as the dominant party
in the Church, they lay claim to.
. .

If we are pleased with the resolution come to by the majority
of the Assembly, we are much more so by the undisgui,,ed
avowal of the principles on which they are proceeding. Dr.
Chalmers does not mince he meter. He com-s forwird and
avows frankly that the end aimed at by the depositton is, the
ANerticn of the power of the Church, and her determination to
enforce her will, right or wrong.
So far the doctor is consistent. From first to last, the
claim he has chiefly urged has been the right of the Church to
(:o as she likes. His are real priestly motives. Clerical domi-
nation— ecclesiastical power is the great end of all his efforts.
As he said himself, secure the independence of the Kirk, and a
very small share of Non-intru,ion will satisfy him. The
rights of the Christian people, the unscriptural character of
patronage, and the headship, in any other sense except the
supremacy of the Church, do not trouble him much.

(From the Inverness Cow ier.)
GENERAL ASSEMBLY.—it is apparent that the Veto law,
which did interfere with and abridge the rights of patrons, as
laid down by statute, and received by the Church as the dictate
of civil law, was beyond the power of Ecclesiastical Courts, and
could not be enacted by them, any more than they could enact
that a man should pay half his property to the Church, or that
he should violate all. the duties which he owes to the Go-
vernment under which be lives. It. was, consequently, not
obligatory upon the members and office-bearers of the Church,
and their disregard of it could no more be punished by the
Church than it could inflict punishment upon those who would
not, at its bidding, commit crime. Mr. Cunningham spoke
violently in favour of the motion for deposition, and con-
cluded with the following emphatic declaration :—" The sen-
tence of deposition is already virtually passed on them, and I
do believe that you will pronounce this night on earth a sen-
tence which will find a latent echo in your own bosoms, and
which will be ratified in heaven." Language of this) kind
savours veil much of Profanity, and should never be adopted
in party contests. To the•honour of at least two members of
the boo-intrusion party, a more merciful and just course was
proposed, by which the present difficulty could be got rid of,
until the whole question was brought before Parliament.

(From the Ayr Observer.)
Never, perhaps, since the institution of that venerable
Court wai it. the scene of mote intense excitement, or of events
more fraught with danger to the Establi.hment. It is truly
painful to contemplate what may be the ultimate result of the
schi-m wh'ch has now been consummated by the deposition of
the Si rathb gie ministers. The Assembly has no doubt acted
consistently with itself; so has the court of Session, by ex
tending-the arm of the law in behalf of those whose obi dig nee
to its dictates have incurred the pains and penalties of the Ec-
clesiastical Court. Rota judicatories are. putting forth their
strength in their respective spheres, but the struggle is an unequal
one, and all who value the existence of a religious establishment
must regret that it should be placed in jeopardy by 'a stubborn
and wrong-braided contention with the civil powers. Little
hope can be entertained of the pas.ing of the Duke of Argyll's
Bit ; and should the Moderate party adhere to their protest,
by continuing in communion with ihe deposed ministers, the
natural and inevitable consequence will be the deposition of
the whole minority 1 The effect if such a disjunction, however,
we have no inclination to anticipate. Rather shall we trust
that the fate of the Church may 'et be averted by some happy
turn in.the tide of events, not the less likely to happen that it
cannot be foreseen.

(From the Paisley Advertiser.)
Our Edinburgh .papers of yesterday have not come to hand,
and as far as we can learn, no others have 'reached Paisley.
We are, therefore, unable to give the proceedings of the As
tenably on Thursday. We observe that the Glasgow Chronicle
of yesterday has met with a similar disappointment. It states,
however, on the authority of the Edinburgh Observer, that
the Assembly had depos:d the s.vert minis ers of trythhogie,
by a majority of 97, and that ‘• the ruiwirity had taken a so-
lemn- protest against .the validity of the sentence, declaring
that they Kill still rPga d the deposed minister» a, brethren
in the Facr‘d office, an will continue to hold ministerial
Christian communion wth them a, formerly." What, then,
will this lead to? The 97, by tesis ing the decision of the
majority of Asse,l3l,y, and holtliiz Christian communion
with ministers who are tleptis d, become just as guilty
a
as ,he Slrathbogie ministers, and it the Assembly carry out
.its principles, the 97• mu •t next be deposed. From this fearful
extension of th . schitn' it is scarcely pus-ible to see a door of,
escape. , The Duke of Argyll's Bill having been spoken of so
fay,uirablyln the Assembly-. and having had such a large ma-
jeriiy in its favour, hppes might justly have, been held that it
would be obtained, and the divisions thereby healed ; but we
fear these hopes will be scattered to the win& by the decision
above referred to, and the restoration' of peace to a distracted
Church further and further removed.
Sine, the above was in t.pe, we have Seen a private letter
g,i-voi„l,,e division at 22.2 to 123, making the majority as
•

(Froth the ,Dunde; ChrozZth.)
The Anti-patianage Veto-Nun.ilitru imusts are- at a die-
Stailt,42i3 Session, install of carrying their motions by cool.