The Sun.
London, England, 1847-01-13 00:00:00

COLONIZATION.

As the subject of systematic colonization is now be-
ginning to engage a large portion of the public attention,
the following memoranda relative to the Nova Scotia
claims cannot fail to be read with interest.
The Baronetage of Scotland was erected in 1825
under express stipulations, that no Baronet should be
created in Scotland except for the sole cause of promot-
ing the colonization of Nova Scotia; that the country of
Nova Scotia should be divided into counties containing
ten baronies, each three miles along the coast, and ten
miles into the interior; and every Baronet should
be a Baron of some one or other of the said Baronies, and
was therein to have tea thousand acres of property, be-
sides his six thousand acres belonging to his burgh of
Barony, to be holden free blanche, and in a free barony
of the Crown, as did the barons of the realm of Scotland.
The charter of the Premier Baronet, Gordon of
Gordonstoun, dated the 28th of May, 1625, and the
charters of the Baronets Campbell of Glenorchy,
Innes of Innes, Wemyss of Wemyss, Macdonald of
Macdonald, and Murray of Cockpool (now respec-
tively represented by the Marquis of Breadalbane,
the Duke of Roxburgh, the Earl of Wemyss, Lord
Macdonald, and the Earl of Mansfield). conferred
from the 29th of May to the 19th of July, 1625, are
made by the Royal Commission of King. Charles I.
to the Lords of the Privy Council for creating Baronets
of Scotland and Nova Scotia (bearing, date the 26th of
July, 1625), the 'regulating fundasitental constitution of
the whole Scottish Baronetage, i.e. of all the families
made Baronets from 1625 to the Union in 1707. These
Charters, to which every patent of Charles 11., James
11., and William and Mary refer, contain clauses and
provisions to the following effect, viz.:—" The said
charters are, and shall be, valid sufficient and effectual in
all time coming in all parts thereof as set forth for ever,
to the said Baronets and each of them, in law against the
king, his heirs and successors, and against all other
persons whatsoever, in all his Courts, and those of his
heirs and successors and in all other places whatsoever
at all times and occasions, notwithstanding whatsoever
law, custom, prescription, practice, ordinance, or consti-
tution hitherto made, ordained, or published; or here-
after, at whatsoever time to be made, ordained, and pub-
lished or provided, and notwithstanding any other cause
or occasion whatsoever."
The Charter of the Premier Baronet was renewed
and confirmed by William 111. in 1698—seventy three
years after the period of the first grant. The proceed-
ings in which the Baronets are now engaged for the
restoration of their rights commenced in 1835 ; and
between that date and the treaty of Paris in 1763 (when
the rights of the Baronets revived under the jure post-
liminii) only 72 years intervene. This is an important
historical fact in a case of this nature, inasmuch as the
precedent of the recognition of the validity of the
rights and privileges conveyed in the Gordon Charter
by the King and Government in 1698, ought to rule the
Crown and Government in the present day.
But the rights and privileges subsisting in the families
forming the Scottish Baronetage are protected by the
Act of Union in 1707, nine years later than the renewal
by William 111. of the Gordon Charter, i. e. eighty-two
years subsequent to the foundation of the Order—a
period almost exactly the same as that which has elapsed
since the treaty of Paris, in 1763, and this date.
Within, however, twelve years from the date of the
Treaty of Paris (viz., in 1775), various meetings of the
Baronets of Scotland, took place, when steps were
adopted for the revival of their common rights and pri-
vileges. Whilst somewhat later, in the months of July
and October, 1783, meetings of the said Baronets, and of
representatives in right of their lands in Nova Scotia,
were expressly held in Edinburgh-Ist, because " mea-
sures were being taken in London, which might mate-
rially affect their interests in the estates granted to them
in Nova Scotia ;" and, 2d, "to consider a memorial to
the Lords of the Treasury on the subject of their grants."

At the last general meeting of the Order, on the 7th
of November, 1844, it was supposed that no proceedings
had followed the meetings in 1783, but within the last
eighteen months two original letters of the late James
Cummyng, Esq., of the Lyon-office (who acted as secre-
tary to the then Committee of Scottish Baronets), have
been recovered. From these documents (which bear
date 30th April and 4th August, 1777) the following are
extracts :—" Our Baronets, not content with the re-
covery of their badge, are determined to apply to Go-
vernment for the lands granted to their ancestors with
their titles, and I have long been employed in selecting
the description of the boundaries of their lots (16,000
acres each) from their charters, and adjusting it to a
plan of the country on an enlarged scale which will soon
be laid before the Board of Trade;" and again, " I have
lately got extracts from the Lord Register's-office of the
patents of all the Baronets, with descriptions of the
lands in America bestowed on them, from which I am
to foam a plan of the grounds, marking each member's
name on his grant." These notices are decisive as to the
character of the meetings in 1783.
Two and a half million acres, out of the eleven in
,ofthtahte
m the
emc claims
rme
ds
since Scottish
this baronets—and
question
wasraitiseids,to in bleB3re6:
New Brunswick as yet unlocated, would suffice to quiet
our Government has yielded up, to the unjust demands
of the United States, a larger portion of the soil of that
province by the settlement of the boundary question.
Further—within the same period, the " Irish Society of
London" incorporated by James I. in 1613 for the Plan-
tation of Ulster, have revived their objects after remain.
ing (as shown by Mr. Hall in his late work) for " above
two centuries as utterly unacquainted with their estates,
as if they had been situate in Kamschatka."
But allowing no such precedents could be cited—
nevertheless the condition of Scotland on the one hand,
overburdened with population, and of New Brunswick,
on the other, now being settled in a way that is certain
to terminate in a vulgar republic, combine to form most
powerful moral and political reasons why the Scottish
Baronets should again exercise the rights and objects of
their institution. The Order was founded hereditarily
to promote " the opulence, prosperity and peace" of the
mother country and the colony—and with famine in the
Highlands, and one-tenth of the inhabitants at large-
-250,000 souls—in a state of pauperism, it is full time
that those concerned should, by a vigorous, united, and
patriotic effort, make the Baronetage the mighty state
engine of practical usefulness whereby (as contemplated
by its royal founder) each baronet in particular, and the
whole Scottish nation generally, shall have honour and
pro fi t."—Boss-shire Advertiser.

MIRACULOUS PRESERVATION
OF A FRENCH BARQUE BY H.M.S. TYNE.
H.M.S. Tyne, 28, Captain Glascock, arrived at this
port on Saturday last, having put in by stress of wea-
ther on her way to Portsmouth. The Admiralty, an-
ticipating the probability of her arrival here, had or-
dered her to remain to be paid off. On Christmas day,
during a most dreadful gale, the Tyne fell in with a
French barque in great distress, evidenced by her hav-
ing the national flag half down on her three mast heads
The Tyne at once closed with a view to hail her, and
endeavour to ascertain the extent of her distress, but
such was the violence of the gale, that all attempts at
verbal communication was impracticable. The gale
raging furiously, with a heavy sea, it was considered
next to impossible that a boat could live on the-
water, if any attempt should be made to board the
barque ; at this juncture, Mr. James Penn, master of
the Tyne, (grand-nephew of the late well-known in-
trepid king's pilot, of Cawsand,) seconded by Lieu-
tenant Selwyn, of the same ship, at the imminent risk
of their lives, nobly volunteered to board the vessel,
supposing her crew wished to abandon her, and take
refuge on board the Tyne. On reaching the barque it
was ascertained she had lost her rudder, and the whole
of her bulwarks on the starboard side, she was also in a
very leaky state, short of provisions and water, and her
crew so exhausted from pumping, &c., that they were
totally unable to continue their exertions, or in any way
assist the vessel. Lieutenant Selwyn promised, on the
part of Captain Glascock, that the Tyne should stick by
him, and render him every possible assistance, as soon as
the weather moderated to allow communication, and in
the meantime a jury spar had been fitted on board the
Tyne, by which the barque could be steered, until a proper
rudder, made on Pakenham's principle, could be com-
pleted and properly shipped. On the 26th December, at
noon, the weather becoming more moderate, the spar was
sent on board, and with great difficulty secured and
found sufficiently effective to wear the barque round with
her head to the northward, and before dark, with the
consent of her captaia the Tyne took the barque in tow.
Between the 26th and 28th, the Tyne's crew were con-
atantly engaged by day and night occasionally casting
off the tow, and employed in the boats towing the two
vessels apart, as the wind fell light and the swell in-
creased, in consequence of the two vessels having a great
tendency to close. On the 29th, at noon, Pakenham's
d fully completed and shipped—the barque
ramplyude vr
supplied
l with
provisions and water, and found
to be so nrviceable altogether, tther, hat the French cap-
tainw ee en x pt
the
expressed s stewdo a
vessels, strong daensdt r e
eachto prosecute
parted
evoyage
alone. Three hearty
thech aeecrsptwaien of reinttherechbaanuighende.
exl
re-
spective
n a t pressingio nto
excessiverepo r t
the gratitude,great andkind snteastsi n g
he his
had determi-
nation en trerri
vmai
his -.
expe-
rienced to the French Government on l
The barque was richly laden, having a general cargo
estimated at 20,000/., from Marseilles to Havre.fastened.
was quite a now vessel, copper bottomed. and
not There
been can s
suppllittle,ied,
i e dh
s if e any
mustleave
lost
rudder
either had
o
Ushant or Scilly. Nothing could exceed the disinte-
rested and generous conduct of Captain Glascock, his
officers, and crew—for, had they brought the vessel into
have
b British port, a large amount of salvage must
sbaeeerni
fi theireed
all
lelw aprede.n n aßu
yt , iekoen
atirdueer
aßt
iroi n
st i s,h
asnaidl o rdse,vtohtey
e d
themselves entirely to preserve a valuable ship and cargo