The Sun.
London, England, 1840-12-15 00:00:00

THE sUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, _DECEMBER 15, 1810.

TORTONI'S, SUNDAY, DEC. 13.
HALF-PAST Two.—After the presentation yesterday of
financial projects to the Chamber of Deputies, opinion still
is that there is not to be a loan for some time. For the
Account the Three per Cents. have been done at 771. 30c.
and 771. 35c., and the market has been &tn.

upon the pilot's putting back. On his refusal they drew I
their swords and killed him. About a dozen persons took
to the boat to get away from such compnny ; the boat cap-
sized and they were all drowned. The ship was then run
into the Dardanelles, where by last accounts she was still
lying. These troops were radii (militia) and not regulars.
The Egyptian frigate which lately arrived here full of
prisoners was, on the passage from Syria, the scene of
dreadful distress. She had 1,400 Egyptians on board be.
sides a Turkish crew, and the captain hit upon a most in-
human manner of getting money. He sold the water, and
such of the unhappy wretches as had not money to buy
it were left to die of thirst I Out of the number upwards
of four hundred thus perished 1 The infamous wretch is
to be tried for his life, and will, of course, be condemned ;
but what punishment is sufficiently severe? That lie willba
beheaded at Topkhane, or strung at the Arsenal, there is no
doubt. There ought to have been no want of water, as at no
period of the voyage was the ship ever 12 hour's sail from
a port where it could have been procured in abundance, if
wanted. A small barrel was sold for about three pounds
sterling, and this to the men who were 22 months in arrears of
pay, and could not be otherwise than in extreme destitution.
On Saturday evening, being; the 27th of Ramazan, we
had the ceremony of Kadir Guedjessi. It is supposed that
tile tablets on which is written the fate of each person for
the ensuing year are this night delivered to the ministering
angels charged with the execution of the Almighty's
and all devout Mussulmans consequently have, on the oc-
casion, recourse t• earnest prayer. The Sultan went to
the Imperial Mosque at Topkhane, which was splendidly
illuminated, and joined in the appropriate Namaz. After-
wards fireworks were discharged, and the Sultan withdrew.
A salute was fired on his arrival and departure, as usual.
It was a holiday at the public offices, and the crowd col-
lected at Topkhane was immense.
The Sultan has, we understand, directed that a splendid
brilliant necklace, to be composed entirely of diamonds of
the first water, be immediately prepared as a present to
her Majesty Queen Victoria. It is intended to be a token
of his esteem for our beloved Sovereign who has been
his Highness's best friend in the hour of need. Wo are
most happy to have it in our power to be or testimony of
the shining qualities of the young Sultan. Ile is of course
indebted to his ministers fur many of the results of expe-
rience, but in point of natural discrimination, judgment,
openness to conviction, and true wisdom, he promises to be
much superior to his late father. His hours of recreation, in-
stead of being spent in useless frivolities, are deviated to in-
strutive reading. He peruses carefully all despatches, exam-
ines accounts, and refrains from pronouncing a decision until
he has qualified himself to form a sound opinion ou the
merits of the subject before hire. The development of his
faculties under the career of royalty has been rapid and
vigorous ; a becoming dignity is gracefully blended with the
good humour of a lively, joyful temperament, and a nice
sense of justice is ever apparent in all he says and does.
All these recommendations, distinguishable in the charac-
ter of Sultan Medjid, entitle us to hope that he will ren-
der his people happy, and be the true regenerator of his
beautiful country.
TRANSLATION Of a PROCLAMATION addressed to Izzett
Mehmed Pacha, Brigadier-General Khalil Pacha, the
Colonels and other Superior Officers of the Ottoman
Army in Syria.
" Ever since my accession to the imperial throne, my
first wish, my meat ardent desire, has been for the .me-
lioration of the condition of my subjects, and to settle the
Egyptian question which has been an obstacle to the hap-
piness and prosperity of the inhabitants of Syria, one of
my hereditary possessions. With this view, in union with
my allies the Four Powers, I concluded tie Treaty of Lon-
don, and in order to execute its stipulations, it has been
necessary to have recourse to coercive measures.
" Scraskier, Generals, Colonels, Officers, and Soldiers!
Numerous SUCCCSSCS and brilliant victories have been the
fruits of your innate fidelity, your courage, your emulation
with the Admirals, Generals, and Officers of the allied
forces in heroic gallantry. Your exploits will yet be able
to render your Sovereign many honourable services, and I,
on my part, shall not fail to requite thorn by distinctions
and rewards. It is, therefore, with the greatest pleasure,
the most sincere gratification, that I here publicly express
my entire satisfaction at the laudable manner in which you
have performed your duty ; at the gallantry and good-will
of the Admirals, Generale. and other efficers of the allied
forces, and at the obedient fidelity of the inhabitants of S)ria.
" It is in testimony of my admission that the present
proclamation, decorated with the sign-manual, has been
issued and sent. Let it be opened and read in the pre-
sence of all, that my approbation may be declared to the
whole army. Every one Kill, lam confident, cheerfully
exert himself to the utmost to remove radically, as soon
as possible, the destructive will that has debarred the in-
habitants of Syria from the enjoyment of the security of
person and property, the welfare and prosperity, that
have been extended to my other subjects. The renewal
o! your strenuous efforts to be instruments for the produc-
tion of this great good will secure you my especial re-
gard, which will be hourly strengthened and augmented.
Conformably to my former orders you will be careful on
all occasions to preserve the most amicable relations with
the commanders and officers of the allied forces, and to
act cordially in union with them. Exert yourselves to
promote the Cause of your Sovereign, and every one of
you will become the praise and admiration of future ages."

The son of the Commander-in-Chief Izzett Pacha, Ata
Bey, who brought the despatches acquainting the Porte
with the fall of Acre, is about to be appointed to an honour-
able and lucrative post.
The Ministerial dinners usually given during the Rams-
zan have taken place, and the dragomans of the foreign mis-
sions have come in for their share of Turkish hospitality.
Letters from Bucharest mention the discovery in Walla-
chia of a conspiracy that had been formed for the purpose
of assassinating the present Prince, upsetting the whole
system of Government, and introducing in its stead a
constitution. A nephew of the hospodar, Prince F:li-
pc:•co, was in the plot, and we hear that M. Valliant,
a very clever Frenchman, drew up the charte. We arc
further told that a national council was intended to be as-
sembied, at who-c head was to be placed the celebrated
Walliichian patriot, Col. Camptniano, who ha: long been
hostile tv toc existing form of Government.

lsztt Pacha has✓ finally been withdrawn from Syria,
being appointed Mushir of Adrianople, and hii post as
Pacha of Acre, &c., Governor pro tempore of Egy pt, and
Seraskier of the army in Syria, has been conferred on
Zekeria Pacha, late Rumeli Valessi and commander of the
troops in Asia Minor. The new Rumeli Valessi is Said Paca,
Mushir of Nanina, who is again repheed by Osman Pacha,
late of Adrianople. Until the arrival of Zekeria Pacha
at the theatre of war Lieut.-Gen. Sclim Pacha will have
command of the troops. Salami Effendi, the musteshar
of the army, has been raised in rank to a functionary of
the first order.

LLO YD'S SHIPPING-(THIS DAY.)

LONDON, DEC. I.s.—Wind this day at noon, fresh
breezes front E. to N. E., with snow.
DEAL, DEC. 14.—Wind E., fresh breeze. Sailed the
Chase. ttitchie, for Pernambuco ; British Monarch, Park,
Jamaica. The Sophia, Strombeek, from Gifle to Har-
fleur, is wrecked on the Kentish Knock, crew saved.
GRAVESEND, DEC. 14.' .The Nledora, Lawson, bound
to Banff, whilst at anchor below here, was run into by the
Eliz ibeth Bentley, Harot, bound to Savannah, and lost her
bowsprit, &c.

LIVERPOOL, DEC 14 —Sailed the Veita, Sheen, for
Rio Janeiro ; Atne.ia, Teesdale, ditto ; Britannia, Atchc-
son, Mobile. The Hector, from Calcutta to this
port, was on shore at Diamond Harbour sth October.
The Cayman, hence to Demerara, which put into
Dundalk, pricked on her anchor on the night
of the 11th instant, and filled. The Lochinwar,
Ailcn, hence to Trinidad,
has put into Waterford, with
damage. The Snowdon steamer took fire this morning in
the Clarence Dock, but it was extinguished without doing
any serious damage. Tho Scotland, from Quebec, on
shore near the Magazines, was got off yesterday, and into
dock.

PORTSMOUTH, DEC. 14.—Wind E. N. E., strong breeze
and squally.—Arrived the Port Glasgow, Frost, from Que-
bec, sailed 17th ult. The Old Maid, from Quebec to
Yarmouth, was abandoned 28th ult., in let. 46, lon. 41,
being water-logged ; the master, mate, and six men were
taken on board the Lady Gordon, from Bay Chalcur to
Cumberland, and six on board the Port Glasgow arrived
here.

Codas, Dec. 14.—Siiled the Cuba, Kissock, for Syd-
ney, New South Wales.
Baixitax, Dec. 14.—The Europe, Welburne, from
London to Sines, on shore in Torbay, bas become a total
wreck.

Far.stotltt, Dec, 13.—Wind N. E. to E. N. E., strong
breezes.---Arrived the Septima, Gutterson, from Quebec,
with loss of bulwarks, &o. ; Lady Wood, Salmond, X,
and
is
ramichi, ditto and leaky. Sailed the Hebe, Douglas, Ber-
bice. The Osleo, Solflnk, from Odessa to this port, was
m 409, thu
long.t o Van 6:
were Di Dig_
man's Land,.
abandoned It sta with twelve feet water in her hold—crew
saved by the
Laddy on R
9a
le
put on board the Ankathor, arrived here
PLYMOUTH, DEC. 14. .--.,Wend N. g. sailed the
Twhaaki .
The Belle Alliance, (steamer), Wisbart, for Sydney, New South
Jepson, from Antwerp to St.
Übes, on shore in Bigbury Bay, has been got off, and came
in here to repsk, en's instant,, in in P
lo ar Portsmouth
s
SWASsa, Dec. 13.—Arrived, the Janet, Wilson, from
Valparaiso.
PORT TALBOT, 1:66. 13 ....,..the Bravo, Brown, from
Quebec, sniffed fur Neatti, yesterday, to discharge the re-
mainder of her eargoLand lad up for the winter.
OW. De, 12.—The British C,lu( en, from Dublin, to
Newcastle; is on shore on the N. W. polnt of Seruba, part
Zit materials saved.
llAR'"t,lliall. 14.-..:.'11ie Sophie, ot Goole, has heed
assisted off the Pye Sand, waterlogged and abindoned,
and carried Into Panikeet Water:
soutovaLb, Dec. 14 —The stern ot a hoat, martail
Gorsail, 11 John
.-,enn ," quarter board marked
" Triune, of Sunderlyand,"pa eabin-dotir painted green,
and marked 'l'. 1-1. Theo, here been picked up off hire.

DEPTH
of the
EPTH OF THE N,—(Front Attlet;Call
18th Sovember.)—The sea was recently
sour de 1 by lead and line in lat. 57 deg. south; and 83 d g.
min. west long, from Paris, by the ofticers of the Vrerich
ship Venus, during her voyage of discovery, at a depth of
3470 yards, or o
miles, no bottom was found. The wea-
ther was very serene, and it is said that hauling in the lead
took sixty sailors upwards of two hours. In another place
in till Pacific Ocean no bottom was found at the depth of
4,140 yards.
THE AMERICAN WHALE FISHERY.--The
number of vessels engaged in this fishery in 1834 was 434,
whose total value was 1 and employing
0,130,000 dollars,
about 10,900 men. Of the common oil taken in that year,
about one half found a market in Europe, one quarter in
the West Indies, and the remainder in the United States.
The greater part of the sperm oil is used in the United
States in steam-boat and other machinery. The Ameri-
cans are able to bring to this country the sperm oil at a
duty of 25/ per ton, although at that high rate they are
still gainers.
GREAT NORTH OF ENGLAND RAILWAY.
We understand that the Great North of England Railway
will be ready for the conveyance of coals on the 4th of
January next.—. Railway Times.

THE LATE ADMIRAL DRURY•

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUE.

Sut—Having seen in your Paper of the Bth instant,
which was brought under my. notice last evening, a most
unfounded charge against the memory of as distin-
guished, brave, and zealous an officer as the navy had ;
distinguished in particular at Lord Duncan's action off
Camperdown, where, as Captain of the Powerful, he
contributed in no small degree to the happy results of
that day, and being now his only representative in the
navy, I feel that I have a right to expect you will insert
the following statements of facts in your Paper relative
to the expedition to China in 1808.
Admiral Drury, whose flag-lieutenant I then was—a
situation which gave me ample opportunity of knowing
all that passed—was ordered by Sir Edward Pellew
(afterwards Lord Exmouth, who then commanded in
India), to China (his flag in the Russell), taking under
his orders the Dover, Captain, now Sir Edward Tucker,
K.C.11. ; Phtwon, Captain, now the Hon. Sir F. Pal-
lew ; and a brig, with 400 of the 30th regiment, for the
purpose of occupying Macao, in trust for the Portu-
guese, which service was performed, and the trade with
China stopped in consequence.
A lengthened correspondence between the local au-
thorities then took place through the supercargoes,re-
lative to the re-opening of the trade.
I beg it to be observed, that after the occupation of
Macao, Admiral Drury's further movements, of course,
in a great measure depended on the recommendation
of the supercargoes.
After several months of inaction, by ne means agree-
able to an officer of Admiral Drury's decided charac-
ter, an official communication was addressed to him,
saying that several millions of dollars belonging to the
East India Company were detained, and requesting the
Admiral to take some steps to enforce the payment.
In pursuance of this requisitiou, the Adnera-1 ad-
vanced in boats with a force of about 1,000 men to
Canton, but was met on the way by all the Chinese
navy, moored across the river, who commenced a fire the
moment the boats appeared. However, from their guns
being fired at a fixed elevation, the beats soon got
within the range without the loss of a man, fortunate),
fur their junks ! A few bnat.s under C.ptain Pellew's
orders were then sent on to el ar a passage (the fire
being still kept up), which was •ffacted without even a
show of resistance. The Admiral then proceeded to
Canton ; the money was instantly given up, and hiving
performed all that was required—Canton at his mercy.
and the Chinese utterly astounded, he returned to his
ship.
Under all these circumstances, I cannot but feel
that it is very unfair (to say the least of it) to charge
the memory of so gallant an officer as the late Admiral
Drury with pusillanimity, especially against such con-
temptible opponents as the Chinese. If, however, as is
probable, the meaning of the expression in your Paper
of the Bth is to charge my late uncle with a want of
moral courage and energy in his transactions with the
Chinese, the injust►ce of the charge is equally great, for
Admiral Drury was bound by his duty to attend to the
wishes of the supercargoes, as far as was in his judg-
ment prudent ; for, let it be remembered, that the occu-
patio❑ of Macao (on such terms) was not considered
then of
.such moment as to risk an open rupture with
China, and, consequently, a lengthened stoppage of
all trade. In point of fact, he did fully comply with
all their requisitions, and what more could he do ?
XVith the political and commercial results of the
means adopted I have nothing to do. I merely step
forward to clear the memory of my gallant relation
from an attack which, on reading the above, to the
truth of which I pledge myself, I feel sure, you will
admit to have been unjust to the memory of a merito-
rious officer. The troops were withdrawn at the re-
) quest of the supercargoes, the trade re-opened, and nil
quiet, and the Dover, Captain Tucker, left on the Ad-
miral returning to assume the chief command in India,
which was ample force, not only to protect the trade, but
to have destroyed the forts at the Bogue, and all the
junks on the Chinese waters, in a very few hours.
I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
H. DRURY, Commander R.N.
Elizabeth-place, near Gosport, Dac. 13.

[Captain Drury's zeal in wresting the memory of
his gallant relative from unmerited obloquy is
highly praiseworthy ; but the misrepresentation, if
such it be, of which he complains originated not
with us. There is nothing which we hold in
greater abhorrence on the part of the public press.
nor against which we endeavour to guard more
carefully, than the circulation of any calumny
painful to the feelings of the living, or injurious to
the memory of the dead. Therefore, in charac-
terizing the conduct of Admiral Drury in China as
morally, not physically, 6' pusillanimous," we were
guided by the following passage, which Captain
Drury will find in Mr. Davis' book on China, pub-
lished by Charles Knight, under the superinten-
dence of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful
Knowledge. Mr. Davis having been Chief Com-
missioner of the British Trade in Chinn, and inti-
mately acquainted with the whole history of our
traffic with the Chinese, we were fully justified in
assuming, from his high character, that his state-
ments were not only substantially correct, -but that
where he felt himself constrained to blame the
conduct of British officers, he did so with some-
thing like a leaning in their favour We quote
from the last, one volume edition, column 2, pp. 36
and 37, leaving the public to judge as it pleases of
our impartiality, and of the relative value of the
two statements now before it.—ED. Sun.
EXTRACT FROM DAVIS' CHINA :

" Early in 1808 information reached India of the pro-
bability of ambitious views being entertained by France
towards the East, and of the danger to which Macao
might be exposed by the vicinity of Manilla, if the
French should make that Spanish colony their own.
In consideration of Treaties by which Eugland was
pledged to protect Portugal and its settlements against
aggression, as well as of the interests which the English
themselves bad at stake in the neighbourhood of Can-
ton, Lord Minto having garrisoned the colony of Goa,
by a convention with the Governor of that place, deemed
it fit to send an expedition for the protection of Macao,
which, he apprehended, might be threatened by an
enemy's fleet. It might reasonably be questioned how
far such a measure was well advised. Alter the expe-
rience of the similar expedition just six years before,
when it plainly appeared that the Chinese treated Macao
as a portion of their empire, and the Portuguese as
mere tenants at will ; the result at least was an utter
failure.
" The Portuguese Governor of Macao, with his two
or three hundred starved blacks, could of course pre-
tend to offer no opposition ; he, in fact, soon received
an order from Goa to admit the troops ; hut, under a
thin veil of compliance and affected friendship, it soon
appeared that the Portuguese were doing everything in
secret to misrepresent the designs of the English to
their Chinese masters, by whom they were forbidden to
admit any force into Macao without permission pre-
viously obtained. It being determined, however, by
the President of the Committee, and by Admiral Drury,
who commanded the naval force, that the troops should
land, a convention was signed on the 21st of September,
and they were disembarked quietly on the same day.
An order soon came from the Viceroy for the troops
to depart ; and when this was not complied with, the
trade at Canton was stopped, said provisions denied
both to the Indiamen and to the squadron of his Ma-
jesty's ships. An edict of the Chinese observed.
Knowing, as you ought to know, that the Portuguese
inhabit a territory belonging to the Celestial Empire,
how could you suppose that the French would ever ven-
ture to molest them. If they dared, our warlike troops
should attack, defeat, and chase them from the face of
the coentry.3
" The Admiral (Drury" proposed to the Viceroy by
letter that they should have an audience at Canton to
accommodate matters ; no answer whatever was re-
turned. All British subjects were soon after ords red to
jdin theif fe§fiectite Vesgelg, and his Majesty's ships
were removed higher up the river. As the fteroy
still refused an audience to Admiral Drury, and declared
that he knew no English authority but the Company's
Chief, the Adrrilral proteeded to Canton in person, and
insisted on an interview, saying, he would tie in the city
in the course of half an hour. The Viceroy persisted
in declining the visit, and the Admiral, instead of verse-
tiering in his intent:ollf, returned to his strip.
some time after this, the hosts of all the men-of-
*dr and Indiamen were manned, and ariVid, for the
purpose of proceeding an t 4 second visit to Canton, and
fbecing their way through the line at Chinese vessels
rwhich were mooted tit f 0,14 the ritier, filled wdli soldiers
in order to prevent the Admiral's appooth. On teaching
tfig litiei he pulled up in his own boat to add' ess the prin.
tipal Mandarin, through the medium of a Portuguese
Priest, who acted as. interpreter ; no parley, however,
Was admitted, dnd after being fired at for some time, one
elf the Admirals men was wounded, whop he wdered the
signal to be made for attack. The signal was not ob-
served, and ordered not to be repeated. The Admiral
Men declared his intention not to
_force the Chblese tine.
and returned With Me boats to the fleet. Tnouih a
man of undisputed courage. as onser%ed in the
evidence before the House of Commons in 1830, Aebni-
to/ Drury ' seems not to have possessed that cool and
deliberate judgment which was essential to the success (1
the business he had been engaged in.' The attempt to
proceed to Canton in the boats ought either never to have
been made, or it should have been carried through. A
Pagoda was built by the Chinese on the spot, to com-
memorate their victory over the English.
" The trade still continued at a stand, and the Vice-
roy issued an edict to repeat, that while a single sol-
dier remained at Macao no commerce could be allowed.
On the Bth of December, it was therefore determined
to act on a document lately received from the Emperor,
1 which afforded a fair pretext for relinquishing the point
in debate. A convention was concluded in a few days
after at Macao ; the troops were embarked, and Ad-
miral Drury sailed away in the Russell for Bengal on
the 22d of December. Thus, after a fruitless discus.