The Sun.
London, England, 1841-07-05 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, JULY 5, 1841.

the protected articles or not. Verily these legis-
lators think and act as if there were not a soul in
the community to be cared for, but the owners of
rent, and the capitalimts who are engaged in manu-
facturing silk and brass-work.

At the same time, Lord WILLOUGHBY DE
ERESBY, who knows so extremely well what
will be the price of foreign wheat for the next
score of yea's, ought to know that the manufac-
turers are willing to give up these protective
duties, and would most gladly resign them
to get rid of the Corn-laws. He ought
also to know that the legislation of that Par-
liament, of which he is a Member, is
sometimes extremely different from actual facts.
The legislator meant to give a protection of 20
per cent. to some commodities, but he really
gives no protection at all. In several cases, as
most of our hardwares and cottons, the articles
protected are manufactured in greater abundance
than they can be consumed at home; and they
are exported to sell in the foreign market at the
same price as the similar articles of foreign
manufacture. When an article, however, is
exported, the price obtained for it abroad
determines the price at home, and on
all such articles, whatever the law may say,
it is impossible for the law-maker to give
any protection to the British manufacturer.
This pretence, then, of giving protection to some
manufactured articles, is as arrant a piece of hum-
bug, when put forward as an argument for main-
taining a tax on the non-manufacturer's bread, as
the assumption that foreign wheat will always
be purchaseable in England at 365. per quar-
ter. The more we are driven to consider
the starvation laws, the greater reason do
we find to wonder at the patience of
the dupes who submit to such a monstrous
piece of absurdity and injustice, and at the con-
ceited ignorance of those who, uninformed of a
thousand things in their own societyand in their
own age, pretend to be perfectly well acquainted
with what will be the exact price of foreign wheat
for the next score of years. •

Accounts from the City say that considerable
uneasiness prevails there. The late failure of
one banking-house, in consequence of the con-
duct of its agents in a manufacturing district, is
probably one of the earliest indications to the
public that the disease which prevails in the
north has reached the metropolis. It was an-
nounced on Saturday that another banking
company have closed their concerns, and
mean to withdraw from business. From
more than one quarter we have heard that
very considerable distress and distrust pre-
vail amongst the merchants and tradesmen of the
metropolis. We notice this subject here to ob-
serve that this unfavourable condition of things
is not in any way the consequence of Ministerial
measures. The Ministers have been willing to
take measures to relieve and prevent distress,
but they have done nothing to provoke
it. We put this matter at once before
the public, because we foresee that the
Tories will accuse the Ministers of causing the
distress which at present exists, and is likely to
increase. We should not be at all surprised to
find them attributing to the measures which
they have not allowed to be carried into effect,
all the disasters which may fall on the country.

The Queen of HANOVER died on the 29th ult.
She had been labouring under a severe disease
for the last fortnight, and from its commence-
ment no hopes were entertained of her recovery.

We have given in another part of the paper a letter
from Sir ROBERT PEEL to the Duke of ARGYLL OR the
Non-Intrusion question, which lately made such a noise
in Scotland. On looking at the letter we expected no
information as to the Right Honourable Baronet's views
on the subject, and we have not been disappointed. We
defy any man in England to write a letter so plausible
yet so destitute of meaning.

Besides the ordinary French Papers of Friday and Satur-
day, we have received by express the Paris Journals of
Sunday. The Presse of Sunday states that MEHEMET ALI
has sent 1,250,000 francs (50,0001.) to the Porte on ac-
count of the tribute. We believe this sum falls some-
what short of the arrears of the old tribute due by the
PASHA to the SULTAN. A circumstance still more ex-
traordinary is noticed in the same Journal. The SUL-
TAN, who was for plunging all Europe into war, rather
than permit MEHEMET ALI to retain the government of
Arabia and the Holy Cities,, now discovers that it' is
worse than useless to him, and therefore entreats
the VICEROY to assume his sway over a country
in which the authority of the Porte is openly set at de-
fiance. In fact, from the moment the PAsuA's troops
were withdrawn from the holy cities, there was no longer
protection for life or property. The caravans were plun-
dered, the pilgrims robbed, maltreated, and if they
offered any resistance, murdered with impunity. As the
power of the SVLTAN was wholly inadequate to protect
the pilgrims, and as the "powerful Lord of the Lords of
the world, the distributor of all the Crowns of the Uni-
verse," as ABD-UL-MEDJID modestly styles himself;
could not suffer the throats of pious Moslems to be cut
and the tomb of the Prophet to be defiled without
giving great scandal to the " faithful ;" he is noNA
as eager to get rid of Arabia as he was a
few months ago to obtain it. Unless matters are
greatly improved in Syria we shall not be surprised to
hear that the Divan shall have advised his Highness to
dispose of that country likewise.
We are glad to learn from the Courrier Francais that
the French and English Consuls in Candia have received
instructions to affbrd all the protection in their power
to the Christians of that island. Something more than
negative protection is due to such of the brave Candiotes
as are exposed to the barbarity of the ruthless Turks.
On the 30th ult. Rear-Admiral HuooN's squadron
was cruizing off the Balearic Isles. It is difficult
to conceive what object France has in view in keeping
such a large naval force in the Mediterranean.
Austria and Prussia have recognised the Government
of Queen Donna MARIA of Portugal, and are about to
send Ambassadors to Lisbon. They have invited Russia
to unite with them in opening friendly relations with her
most Faithful MAJESTY.

Queen CHRISTINA has taken a house in Paris. It is
supposed that her future residence will be in that
capital.
The King of the FRENCH and the Royal Family
arrived at the Chateau of Bizy, on the 2d inst.
The following extracts include all the miscellaneous
news in the Paris papers of Friday and Saturday.
The squadron under Rear-Admiral Lassusse, which was to
have left Toulon for the Levant on ►.he 2:4th June, has not
made any movement preparatory to putting to sea, and it was
reported that the departure has been countermanded.
Prince Nicholas Esterhazy passed through Aix-la-Chapelle,
a few days since for Frankfort. The France mentions a report
of hia being about to marry a Princes; of the Ducal House of
Nassau.

Al. Thiers and family have arrived at Antwerp.
The following from Tripoli, slated the 14th ult., is given by
the Semaphore of Marseilles :
" The expedition against Fort Claim appears to have been
successful. After severe fighting for three days and nights
Aehmet Pacha made himself master of it ; but his victory cost
hire several of his officers and a great many men. It is
known that Tahir Pasha, when he was Governor of the Re-
gency. after having held his fortress for six months, was
compelled to capitulate, and withdraw himself and his
troops. On the other hand, all the faces of Askar Ali Pacha,
being now collected in this country, they will ere long be re-
called towards the East, where the people of Abdel Gelil and
Tanghuna will greatly annoy them. It is said that in the course
of the attack and defence of Gorian, Ghuma was killed. The
fortress, after all, is said to have only been reduced by famine.
The Uled Busef and other tribes of Arabs, dependent on the
Government of Tripoli, have attacked the Fezzan. They have
had engagements with the men of Abdel Gelil, in one of which,
as we are informed, his own son was mortally wounded."
A Correspondent at Algiers writes, on 22d ult.
A few days ago the Sheik of a small tribe, seated near
Ouled Man dil, which has long been subject to France, brought
in the head of a Hadjoute, whom he caught marauding. He
was praised for his loyalty, and desired to do the same again
whenever he had an opportunity. The chief, who expected
something better than tine words, replied, through an inter-
preter—" What 1 do you pay Isof. for a panther, an animal
which does but little harm, and will give nothing for the head
of a redoubtable Hadjoute ! Away with you, Frenchmen; nei-
ther I nor my people will take any more pains to render you a
service. "
The Courrier de Lyon mentions a rumour of the cholera
having just broken out near Trieste with much intensity.
On Friday morning an attaché of the Spanish Embassy had
along inter.iew with the Queen Dowager of Spain.
The Temps of Saturday says :—" Al. de Rothschild leaves
Paris this day. under pretext of going to the baths of Ems;
he is really going to Vienna to settle the affair of the Austrian
loan with M. de Metternich. He will remain in Germany
until the time when he is to contract for the French loan with
Al. Hamann, that is about October."
The Tempo states that the offites of two Receivers-General
are on the
point of falling vacant, but for what department it
does not mention. It adds :
" The recal of these functionaries from their posts is to be
attributed to derangement in their affairs; and the necessity for
removing them has long been known to the Government, and
too long delayed." •
The following is a Table of the Amount of the Foreign and
Colonial Trade of France for 1840 compared with 1839, in
millions of francs
1&40 1839
General trade-flmports 1,052
Export 3 . .
_

Imports 2,063 1,950
Special trade
.
650
Exports 695

1,442 1,327

The Ministerial evening journal gives the following facts,
as proofs of the exertions made ly the Ministers of War and
the Marine, for the relief of the military hospitals in Africa
:
Three steamers, the Cerbere, Cregeois, and Nleteore, have
been devoted to the transport of invalids to Mahon ( where
there is a hospital containing 567 beds,) Marseilles, and Tou-
lon. The ve-sels arc fitted up vith great care, and each is
capable of receiving 4UO sick ox wounded men, who receive
during their passage the same medicines and attention as if
they were on shore. The three ionve-mentioned hospitals are
capable of receiving together 1,3 W patients at a time."
The Wurzburg Gazette stater that the decoration of the
Black Eagle which was given to r2sen. Boyer by the King of
Prussia, as we mentioned at the inauguration of the statue of
Marshal .Gneisenau, had formerly belonged to Napoleon, and
had been given him by the late King of Prussia. It was found
in the Emperor's carriage alter the battle of Waterloo, and
WAS given to Marshal Gneisenau, being transferred after his
death to the present King, the Hereditary Prince of Prussia.
TRAVELLING IN RUSsIA.—The Prussian State Gazette
mentions the establishment of a line of public vehicles from
St. Petersburg to Tauroggen, on the Berlin road, runniug
seven times a week, and transporting traveilers, according to
the lightness of the carriages employed, in 64 hours, 84 hours,
or 180 hours, at charges of 35, 30, or 17 silver rubles, respec-
tively (the ruble is 4 fr. 13 c. ) The vehicles are made to
hold either two or four persons, and are of elegant appearance,
and good accommodations for sleeping are to be found on the
road.
Adviees from New Zealand of the 17th January are quoted
by the Ilavre Journal. They relate to the French settlers
who went out in the Comte de Paris, and are now established
on Banks's Peninsula. Their condition is represented as most
flourishing—they had a good deal of land cleared and sown,
and wheat, maize, tobacco, vine, &c., grew with great lux-
ul on them. There was every reason to expect that
grapes would succeed perfectly, end the sugar-cane was shortly
to be planted. For a couple of months these settlers had been
able to supply provisions to shi?s touching at Alkatoa Bay.
Two coal -fields had been discmered in the island of Tavai-
Poenammai, one situated at Cool's Strait, near Cloudy Bay—
the other at Morakai, near Otago.
A letter from Turin, 20th ult., in the Augsburg Gazette,
says—" The Archduchess Maria Louisa quitted Parma on the
18th for the baths of Ischl. The Empress of Austria remains
at Modena, but is to leave on the 24th and to arrive at Vienna
by the beginning of July. Nothing positive has yet been
settled as to the 200,000 francs a-year, which the Conserva-
tive courts are to allow Don Carlos ; the declaration of Russia
on this subject is waited for. A letter from Naples states that
the King has formally refused •,o contribute any thing, as he
already makes an allowance to the Infante DOA Sebastian."
BOURSE—PARIS, SATURDAY, JULY 1.
fist Highest Lowest Last
Price Price. Price. Price
French 5r er Cents .....
4% per Cents 104 104 25 104 25 ... 104 25
4 per Cents 99 30 99 30 99 30 ... 99 30
3 per Cents. ex. div 76 60 176 60 ... 76 45 76 45
Bank of trance 3170 ...3155 -.3155
'<Outgo !lank
Belgian 5 per Cents.
New Loan ....... 191% ... 1. 1% ... 101% ... 101%
ipan ash Active 22% ... 12% ',25(,
Passive 5 ... 5 ... 5 ... 5
Dutch 2% per Cents.
..eapolitan lO2 10 ... 102 25 ... it',2 10 ('2 25
Rowan 102►4 ... 102% ... 1(2 ... 102
RAILWAY SHAREh.
St." Germain ..... 685 ... 685 ... 685 ... 685
Versailles. LB 195 ... 196 25 ... 195 195
It. B 325 325 ... 32.1 50 322 50
Orleans . 482 50 ... 482 50 ... 482 50 452 0
Strasburg to Bale ........« 235 ... 135 ... 233 75 ... 235

Madrid Papers of the 26th and 27th ult. have reached
us. The much-talked of loan was still in abeyance. A
rumour was current that ESPARTERO would prorogue the
Cortes on the 7th instant. The Finance Committee had
recommended a reduction of the civil list, to the amount
of three millions of reals. There was still disturbances
between the French and Spanish inhabitants on the
frontier. The two chambers were to meet toge-
ther to appoint the QUEEN'S guardian or guardians. M.
ARGUELLES continues to be spokiin of as likely to fill
that important office.
Letters from Saragossa announce that a violent alter-
cation had taken place in that city between a great many
Spanish and French journeymen bakers. Fortunately
no lives were lost.

We learn from Valencia that a revolt has broken out
in that city, in consequence of the disbanding of the re-
giment of chasseurs of Oporto. The men at first refused
to deliver up their arms, on the plea that a considerable
sum of money was due to them by the Government.
They were at length brought to reason, without the ne-
cessity of having recourse to harsh measures; but, before
this could be effected, it was found necessary to pay
them a part of the arrears due to them. The Portu-
guese Legion, which at first were 15,000 strong, are
now reduced to 3,000, 12,000 having perished in the late
campaigns.
Business on the Bourse was dull on the 26th. Five
per Cents. were done at 261 cash, and 26i for 60 days'
date ; Four per Cents., 20-,f, cash.

PROTESTANT CHURCH IN MALTA.—A great degree
of anxiety was reigning at the last date from Malta
among the English residents at Valetta with regard to the
building of the English church of St. Paul, which had
recently been suspended. The cause of this suspension,
it is stated, is that strong doubts have been expressed by
experienced English engineers as to the safety of erect-
ing the roof upon the interior columns, so long as they
rest upon the present lines of foundation arches, the span
of which has not been calculated in a manner that every
column should rest alternately upon a pier and a key-
stone. It would appear, that in order to diminish as
much as possible the expense of building from the great
depth of foundation rock, the late Mr. Lankesheer had
included in his plan fewer and wider arches than were
adapted to distances between the columns, but which he
designed of a massiveness and strength sufficient to coun-
terbalance this irregularity ; and it is the-opinion of
those Maltese professional individuals who have exa-
mined the lines of arches that they are fully competent
to sustain the weight of the intended superstructure.
The committee are reported to have come to the deter-
mination of suspending the progress of the building until
a complete plan for its continuance shall have been pre-
pared by an English architect now in Malta, who has been
requested to undertake the charge of superintending the
remainder of the work, subject to the approval of her
Majesty the Queen Dowager. It is probable that the
building will soon be resumed, and that the edifice (ex-
cept the tower) will be completed in the course of next
summer.—[lt looks very like a job.—ED.]

AMERICAN NEWS.

ARRIVAL of the GREAT WESTERN.
By the Great Western Steam-ship, Capt. Hos-
ken, which arrived at Kingroad on Saturday
evening, at half-past eight o'clock, we have re-
ceived a copy of Lord Sydenham's Speech at the
opening of the Parliament of the two Canadas,
which is well worthy of public attention. We
have also received our usual files of New York
Papers to the 19th ult.
The Great Western brought 84 passengers.
She had the ill fortune to sail in the midst of a
tremendous storm, which compelled the packet-
ship " England' to put hack, and she has en-
countered nine days of easterly gales, and in the
midst of fog, as her log shows.
LORD SYDENHAM'S SPEECH.
(From the Supplement of the Quebec Gazelle, published by
authority at Kingston. )
PROVINCE OF CANADA.
Legislative Council Chamber, Kingston, June 15, 1841.
This day, at two o'clock, r.ai., his Excellency the Governor
proceeded in state to the Chamber of the Legislative Council,
in the Parliament building, the Members of the Legislative
Council being there assembled. His Excellency was pleased
to command the attendance of the Members of the Assembly,
and that house being present, Mr. Austin Cuvillier, M.P.P.
for the county of Huntingdon, informed his Excellency that
the choice of the Assembly had fallen upon him to be their
Speaker. The Speaker then demanded the customary privi-
leges, which his Excellency having granted, was pleased to
open the first Session of the first Parliament of the province
of Canada with the following Speech from the Throne :
" Hon. Gentlemen of the Legislative Council, and
Gentlemen of the House of Assembly,
" I have deemed it right to assemble you at the earliest pe-
riod which the circumstances of the province and the duties
imposed upon me by the Imperial Act for the union of the Ca-
nadas, under which the Legislature is constituted, have ad-
mitted ; and it is with sincere satisfaction that I now meet you
to deliberate on the great and important interests committed
to our charge.
" A subject of her Majesty, an inhabitant of this province,
has been forcibly detained in the neighbouring States, charged
with a pretended crime. No time was lost by the executive
of this province in remonstrating against the proceeding, and
provision was:made for insuring to the individual the means of de-
fence, pending the further action of her Majesty's Government.
The Queen's representative at Washington has since been in-
structed to demand his release. Of the result of that demand
I am not yet apprised, but I have the Queen's commands to
assure her faithful subjects in Canada of her Majesty's fixed
determination to protect them with the whole weight of her
power.
" Arrangements were completed during the course of last
summer by which, under the directions of the Treasury, the
rates of postage between all parts of this colony and the united
kingdom were greatly reduced; and a more speedy and a regu-
lar conveyance of letters between different parts of this pro-
vince has since been established by arrangements made by the
Deputy Postmaster-General under my direction. A com-
mission has been appointed by me to inquire into and report
upon the whole post-office system of British North America,
and I confidently anticipate that the result of its labours will
be the establishment of a plan securing improvements in the
internal communication by post within the colony, equal to
those which we have already obtained in the communication
with the mother country.
" Many subjects of deep importance to the future welfare of
the province demand your early attention, upon some of which
I have directed bills to be prepared, which will be submitted
for your consideration.
" Amongst them, first in importance at the present juncture
of affairs is the adoption of measures for developing the re-
sources of the province, by well considered and extensive
public works. The rapid settlement of the country—the
value of every man's property within it—the advancement of
the future fortunes, are deepl y affected by this question.
"6 The improvement of the navigation from the shores of
Lake Erie and Lake Huron to the ocean—the establishment
of new internal communications in the inland districts, are
works requiring a great outlay, but promising commensurate
returns. . To undertake them successfully large funds will un-
doubtedly be required, and the financial condition of the pro-
'Once as it stands at present would seem to forbid the at-
tempt. But I have the satisfaction of informing you that I
have received authority from her Majesty's Government to
state that they are prepared to call on the Imperial Parliament
to afford their assistance towards those important undertak-
ings. In the full belief that peace and tranquillity will be;h4p-
pity re-established in this province, under the constitution
settled by Parliament, and that nothing but a relief from its
most pressing difficulties is wanting to its rapid advancement
to prosperity, they will propose to Parliament, by affording the
guarantee of the Imperial Treasury for a loan to the extent
of no less than 1,500,0001. sterling, to aid the province, for
the double purpose of diminishing the pressure of the interest
on the public debt, and of enabling it to proceed with those
great public undertakings whose progress during the last few
years has been arrested by the financial difficulties. I shall
direct a measure to be submitted to you, embracing a plan
for this purpose, and I shall lay before you, for your in-
formation and that of the people of Canada, extracts from
the despatches which convey to me this most gratifying as-
surance.
" In immediate connexion with the outlay of capital upon
public works is the subject of emigration, and the disposal and
settlement of public lands. There exist within the province
no means so certain of producing a healthy flow of immigra-
tion from the mother country, and of ultimately establishing
the immigrant as a settler and proprietor within the colony, as
the power of affording sure employment for his labour on his
first arrival. The assistance of Parliament for the public works
which may be undertaken here, will in a great measure pro-
vide for this; but with a view further to aid immigration, I
am authorized to declare to you, that her Majesty's Govern-
ment are prepared to assist in facilitating the passage of the
immigrant from the port at which he is landed to the place
a here his labour may be made available, and that a vote of
money for this purpose will be proposed to the Imperial Parlia-
Ment. The conditions which her Majesty's Government attach
to this measure will be submitted to you, at the same time
that I shall draw your attention to a scheme for the settlement
and disposal of the public lands.
" It appears highly desirable that the principles of local
self-government, which already prevail to some extent through-
out that part of the province which was formerly Upper Ca-
nada, should receive a more extended application there, and
that the people should exercise a greater degree of power over
their own local affairs. I have directed a measure upon this
subject to be submitted to you, and I solicit your earnest at-
tention to the establishment of such a form of local self.go-
vernment for those districts of the province which are unpro-
vided with it as may insure satisfaction to the people, whilst
it preserves inviolate the prerogative of the Crown, and main-
tains the administration of justice pure from party and popular
excitement.
6. A due provision for the education of the people is one of
the first duties of the State, and in this province especially
the want of it is grievously felt. The establishment of
an efficient system, by which the blessings of instruc-
tion may be placed wiihin the reach of all, is a work
of difficulty, but its great and overwhelming impor-
tance demands that it should be undertaken. I recom-
mend the consideration of the subject to your best attention,
and I shall be most anxious to afford you in your labours all the
co-operation in my power. If it should be found impossible so
to reconcile conflicting opinions as to obtain a measure which
may meet the approbation of all, I trust that at least steps may
be taken by which an advance to a more perfect system may be
made, and the difficulty under which the people of this province
now labour may be greatly diminished, subject to such im-
provements hereafter as time and experience may point out.
" Gentlemen of the House of Assembly,
" The financial accounts of the province will be immediately
laid before you, and I shall direct the estimates for the public
service to be submitted to you with the least possible delay. 1
rely upon your co-operation in the financial measures which it
will be my duty to propose to you for taking advantage of the
assistance which her Majesty's Government propose to afford,
and for carrying into effect the public improvements which are
deemed most desirable. I shall earnestly endeavour that what-
ever you may appropriate for this latter purpose shall be eco-
nomically employed and rendered effective.
" Hon. Gentlemen and Gentlemen,
"In your wisdom and prudence I confide for the regulation
of the different important matters which must necessarily come
before you. Canada, united under a constitution which the
Imperial Legislature has framed with an earnest desire for the
welfare of this portion of tl e British empire, cannot fail to
prosper under prudent and sage counsels. The generous aid
which I have already announced to you—the determination
which I am also empowered to state on the part of the Govern-
ment to devote annually a large sum for the military defences
of the province—the fixed and settled determination which I
have the Queen's commands to declare, that her North Ame-
rican possessions shall be maintained at all hazards as part of
her empire, are pledges of the sincerity with which the mother
country desires to promote the prosperity of Canada, anti to
assist in the well working of the new institutions which it has
established.
" The eyes of England are anxiously fixed upon the result
of this great experiment. Should it succeed, the aid of Par-
liament in your undertakings—the confidence of British capi-
talists in the credit you may require from them—the security
which the British people will feel in seeking your shores and
establishing themselves on your fertile soil, may carry improve-
ment to an unexampled height. The rapid advance of trade
and immigration within the last eighteen months affords ample
evidence of the effects of tranquillity in restoring confidence
and promoting prosperity. May no dissensions mar the flat-
tering prospect which is open before us—may your efforts be
steadily directed to the great practical improvements of which
the province stands so much in need, and under the blessing of
that I'rovi,'ence which has hitherto preserved this portion of
the British dominions, may your counsels be so guided as to in-
sure to the Queen attached and loyal sbbjects, and to United
Canada a prosperous and contented people."