The Sun.
London, England, 1847-02-11 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 11, 1847.

adjourned till Wednesday next, and the House rose at
Six o'clock.

of yesterday's debate, " This is not a question of
principle, but of degree." The difference between
twelve, eleven, and ten hours, can only be a question
of degree. As far as interference is concerned, there
is no principle at stake ; but as far as the fate
of the measure is concerned, there is a prin-
ciple, and a very great principle at issue, namely—
Will the Legislature forget its noblest attribute,
the power of protecting helplessness ? Will the
representatives of the people refuse to hear the prayers
of the humble, and only listen to those who are able
to protect themselves ? That such will not be the
result will be satisfactorily demonstrated on Wednes-
day next.

a far worse position under the present Ministry than
they had been under that of M. Hl:lmmix, and that the
financial state of the country was becoming every year
more unsatisfactory, but ho boldly declared that it was
the duty of the new Chamber to strike at once at the
root of the evil, and concluded by moving, as an amend-
ment, to add to the paragraph under discussion that "it
is the duty of the Government to re-establish an equili-
brium between the expenditure and the receipt. The
debate upon this amendment was adjourned to the next
sitting.

Session after session has the Ten Hours' Bill been
brought under the consideration of Parliament. It
has been repeatedly the theme of most earnest and
eloquent discussion, it has been ably and vigorously
supported, it has been resolutely opposed, and, though
occasionally triumphant, it has been again and again
rejected. Nevertheless, though continually rejected,
it has been continually increasing in strength, it
has been continually acquiring new sympathy
and support, and is now awaiting its second
reading in the House of Commons with every
prospect of a favourable result. In a few days,
it will, doubtless, be the law of the land.
The long protracted, hardly won victory will be
achieved, and though long protracted, it will be most
welcome. If ever triumph was merited by patient
endurance and persevering exertion, triumph has
been indeed merited by the supporters of the Ten
Hours' Bill. For long years have the anxious opera-
tives, for whose benefit it is designed, prayed and
petitioned the Legislature for assistance, but they
have prayed and petitioned in vain. For long years
have the advocates of the measure brought forward
the most unanswerable arguments and appa-
rently irresistible appeals, but their arguments and
their appeals have been alike unavailing.
And how is this ? Whence arises this determined
and enduring opposition ? The cause is obvious.
The opponents of the Ten Flours' Bill, beginning
with false premises, have arrived at a false conclusion,
namely, that such a measure would be most preju-
dicial to their own interests; hence their opposition
which is perhaps only natural. According to the
way of the world, it is perhaps only natural, that
men should oppose what they believe inimical
to themselves. With this line of conduct as e
do not now find fault (that were indeed useless), but
we find fault with the belief by which it is inspired.
It is adopted on entirely mistaken grounds. A mea-
sure so obviously advantageous to the workman
cannot and will not be found injurious to the master.
The employer cannot suffer by what benefits the
employed. And that the proposed altera-
tion will benefit the employed, has been
assuredly proved beyond all power of gain-
saying. On an impartial investigation how does
the matter lie ? what is the question at issue ?
Simply this. The women and young persons em-
ployed in the manufactures are now compelled to
work for twelve hours in the day ; they are com-
pelled, it is useless to gainsay it—their own neces-
sities render it imperative on them to obtain work,
and the masters, generally speaking, will not, unless
restrained by the law, give them work upon other
terms. It is proposed, by the interference
of Parliament, to relieve these " women and
young persons "—for, be it remembered, it is only
with these we have to deal—it is proposed to relieve
them from two hours' daily labour, and, we ask, hew
will this alteration affect them ? Will it prove a
blessing or a bane ? Let us descend to particulars ;
let us contemplate an individual case. Let us look
on the wife and mother banished from her family,
wearily working the whole live-long day, and then,
wearied and worn-out, returning at a late hour to her
roof—to her roof shall we say ?we are almost at a
loss for a word by which to designate it—we
cannot call that place her dwelling, where
she never dwells ; we cannot call that place
a home, from which every domestic happiness
is banished. Let us picture this hard life of
toil, and think, all she asks from us is two hours of
rest. No, something more than two hours of rest,
something more than the mere interval of two hours
—she asks for an opportunity to hold communion
with her family, to look upon her little children, to
cheer her desolate hearth, and perhaps reclaim her
now deserted husband—for in two hours it will be
possible to effect all this. To those who consider the
duties of domestic life entitled to a moment's considera-
tion, the proposed alteration must appear of incalculable
advantage. If this view of the question had been re-
garded more, the opposition to the Bill must have
been assuredly much diminished. And why has it
not been regarded, is it after all but a minor con-
sideration Y When Naromiox inquired of Madame
CAMTAN what was necessary for the good education
of the youth of France, " Good mothers," she replied.
The Emperor admitted the justice of her observation.
"We have here," he said, " a system of
' education in one word." It is this very
system of education which our present factory
regulations seem fitted to subvert. Their frames
weakened by excess of toil, their understandings by
neglect of culture, owing to the unceasing employ-
ments in which they are engaged from their youth
upwards, the unfortunate factory women assume the
arduous duties of wives and mothers, both morally
and physically disqualified from fulfilling them aright.
It has been proved by a late inquiry that out of every
hundred deaths occurring in the manufacturing
districts more than sixty-one are these of
children under two years of age ! Does not this fully
prove the terrible effects of the present system ?
But these and similar arguments have been already
frequently brought forward by Lord ASHLEY and
others, and although they cannot fail to arrest atten-
tion and excite sympathy, they have as yet been
found inadequate to convince. Unanswerable as
these arguments must appear, innumerable objections
have nevertheless arisen. We are told perhaps that
this is all very well, very humane, and so forth,
but that it will never do in practice, that it is against
all the principles of political economy. So far, in-
deed, has this last objection gained ground, that this
seems to be now almost regarded as a question of
Humanity versus Political Economy—an antagonism
which is absolutely impossible. Let us not regard this
matter, as it is too often regarded, only in a superficial
light ; let us not heed the specious phraseology of
those who seek to disguise their own selfish
schemes under fine sounding names : never mind
what doctrines the so-called political economists
may put forth, let us look at the principle itself.
After all, what is political economy, and what does it
teach us ? Is not its first great maxim, the main
object to which it tends, " the greatest good of
the greatest number ?" Is not this the great ob-
ject of all Governments and of all laws, and
shall we then be told that to increase the
wealth of one particular class is Political Economy!
No matter if the labourer suffer, if his frame be
weakened, his heart withered, his intellect destroyed,
no natter if he die, body and soul, so that his mas-
ter's business prosper—that is the great desideratum!
Let his hands "produce," no matter at what per-
sonal sacrifice, and let his master " consume"
the profits—this is political economy ! In the
same way men "call it freedom when them-
selves are free," or deem themselves religious when
they find fault with the creed of others. Children
may be frightened by shadows, but men are not to
be so deceived ; the ignorant and unthinking may be
confounded by the specious reasoning of these poli-
tical economists, but in this enlightened age their
delusive doctrines cannot long prevail. We are
inclined to think that the true principles of
Political Economy, and at the same time the
best interests of Humanity, had never a more powerful
or more accurate expounder than ALEXANDER POPE.
He has truly and beautifully shown how the good of
one and the good of all are incorporate and indi-
visable. He has told us how "jarring interests" may
produce " the according music of a well-mixed
state."

The Presse, the organ of the party of Count MOLE,
.hus speaks of the amendment of M. DE CASTELLANE

"The remarks of M. de Castellane are worthy of atten-
tion. Speaking, as he did, in the name of the young, en-
lightened, and Progressist fraction of the Conservative party,
M. de Castellane is not one of those who have taken their
seats on the benches of the majority, in order to slumber
more at their ease. His idea is that the promises made to
the electors of Lisieux should be carried out ; he calls for
all the reforms that time has matured, and the necessity
for which cannot be contested. Postal reform—a modi-
fication in the duty on salt—a reform in the octroi duties—
in the indirect taxes—in our immense military system, which
embraces at present 100,000 men more than in 1833, and which
absorbs upwards of 1,000,000 f. per day—these are the points
which the Hon. Member expressed his desire to be first
attended to. We completely participate, as our readers
are aware, in the wishes thus expressed ; and to those who
allege the difficalties of our present position as an argument
against such changes, we must declare that of all the excuses
that they could bring forward this is the one that can least
be accepted. It is, in fact, precisely when times are hard,
when food is dear, when taxes weigh the most heavily on
the existence of the poorer classes, that there is an opportu-
nity—nay, an urgency, to adopt reforms of a nature to dimi-
nish their burdens. bid Sir Robert Peel wait until the situ-
ation was prosperous to commence his reforms? No; it was
in the midst of the very crisis that he acted. If remedies
are necessary, it is when one is ill, and not afterwards. In
favourable circumstances, when living is cheap, the weight of
taxes is easier to bear, and we can conceive up to a certain
point that such circumstances are taken advantage of in
order to postpone all change. But to seek in the difficulties
themselves from which the people suffer a pretext for not
reducing at all the charges that aggravate those difficulties,
appears to us to be conduct as unreasonable as it is unsup-
portable by argument."

In the Parliamentary notices of motions for to-
morrow evening we find the following members
proposed by Mr. RICARDO to be nominated for
forming a Select Committee on the navigation
laws :—Mr. Riciuno, Mr. Alderman THOMPSON,
Mr. lIUME, Sir ROBERT PEEL, Mr. MILNER GIB-
SON, Mr. lIUTT, Sir GEORGE CLERK, Mr. BROWN-
RIGG, Mr. BRIGHT, Mr. M4CARTIIT, Viscount
SANDON, Mr. BROWN, Mr. LTALL, Mr. MITCHELL,
and Mr. THOMAS BARING. The selection appears to
be made with the view of combining the services of
men upon an inquiry of the greatest importance, pos-
sessed of great ability and high integrity. We have
no doubt they will enter upon the task, intended
to be assigned to them, with an earnest zeal solely
directed to promote their country's good, and a
consequent spirit of impartiality that will not fail
to impart the greatest weight to their future views
and recommendations. Whilst we recognize by the
names above enumerated an intention to constitute the
Committee in the fairest manner, seeing that the op-
posite opinions which are entertained on this subject
will be respectively and advantageously impersonated,
we cannot but feel rejoiced, holding the impressions
we have advocated with reference to the navigation
laws, that Sir R. PEEL will be invited to give his va-
luable aid to the Committee. Our gratification at
finding his name among the proposed list is derived
from the knowledge we have of his vast
experience and judgment in all matters affecting
our commercial prosperity, and from the certainty
that, if any good grounds can be substantiated for
preserving the navigation laws, either in their en-
tirety or in part, he will scrupulously support them ;
and from the conviction, on the other hand, that if
those who support the shipping interests, whether
from motives purely erroneous, or purely selfish,
should fail to make out their case before his search-
ing mind, Sir R. PEEL will ably, conscientiously, and
manfully resist any report which should be calculated
to sanction the maintenance of laws no longer suit-
able to the objects for which they were originally
enacted. However tardy Sir R. PEEL was in re-
tracing his former errors, yet did the country feel
grateful, that when he became fully persuaded of the
evils attendant upon a restrictive policy in relation
to our extended commercial intercourse, he determi-
nedly splintered into atoms the wand of monopoly,
at the evident risk of being abruptly hurled from the
powerful position which he held as First Minister of
the Crown. In vain, therefore, as it seems to us, will
the hydra of protection attempt to rear its fallen crest
whilst Sir R. PEEL and Lord J. RUSSELL, with his
Liberal party, shall be found uniting their splendid
talents in resisting every effort to revive the crushed
spirit of monopoly. One stronghold after another
has been successfully besieged by the genius and
indomitable energy of the British merchant, which
has converted the most accomplished statesmen of
the age to the enlarged and benevolent spirit, that
animates its civilising and lofty enter-
prises ; and, in every instance, brief or pro-
tracted as may have been the several contests,
have the enemies to freedom in trade and commerce
been compelled to surrender. The friends of un-
fettered commerce have now fairly laid siege to the
stronghold of the navigation laws ; and the day
cannot be distant when their infatuated advocates
will be forced to succumb, or to capitulate upon
terms advantageous to our mercantile progression
The history of the laws in question powerfully evi-
dences the weak foundations on which they were
erected, inasmuch, as at different periods, and
long previous to the great triumph achieved
in 1846, in favour of the principles of free
trade, their pernicious consequences imperiously indi-
cated the necessity of their being occasionally altered
for the purpose of alleviating the burdens of indirect
and unjust taxation, and of strengthening our mer-
chants in the race of competition that grew cut of
the growing enterprise of commercial rivals. It is
satisfactory to
.know, that this question has been al-
ready to a great extent investigated by two former
committees, who were unable to complete their
labours, and that therefore the inquiry will necessarily
not be of so protracted a character as it otherwise
would have been. Hence, we hope, that the path for
Legislation will be speedily cleared by the prelimi-
nary information to be laid before, and digested by,
the Committee about to be appointed. Per pigro-
quasi sepes sp
rum narum.

It is not improbable that on this financial question
the Ministry may go out of office, and ft MOLE Ministry
be appointed. It was rumoured in Paris on Tuesday
that, in consequence of the gross and unprovoked per-
sonal attack made by M. GEIZOT on the Marquis
of NORMANRY, the latter had suspended all offi-
cial intercourse with M. GUIZOT, and was about to
retire from Paris, leaving Lord WILLIAM HERVEY as
Chargé d'Allizires. All parties in the French capital are
loud in their condemnation of M. Gutzofs conduct
throughout the whole affair, and it is said that it has
been settled in the highest glean that Count MOLE is
to be his successor, as M. GUIZOT has incurred the
royal displeasure by having made an attack on the
English Government is the Chambers, without orders,
and without acquainting the KING of his intention so to
do. It is, therefore, not improbable that this amend-
ment, proposed by a partisan of Count MOLE, is intended
to give the coup de grace to M. GUIZOT for this breach
of discipline. The discussion was resumed on Wednes-
day, but the Chamber bad not come to any decision at
the hour the post left.
It would appear from the following letter from Tunis
of the 14th ult., which is published in these journals,
that the PORTE, roused by the imprudence of the
French Foreign Minister to the assertion of its rights, is
about to take active measures to reduce its rebellious
vassal, the BEY of Tunis, to obedience.
"Three days ago, a vessel coming from Malta brought a
chiaoux of the Grand Signor, but the Bey has hitherto re-
fused to allow him to land, and to receive the letters of which
he is the bearer. Last week several English steamers arrived,
bringing dispatches for the Bey, and each time he demanded
several days to reply. They came to announce the arrival
of the Turkish Envoy. The refusal to receive him may cause
some embarrassment to the Bey, from which all the friend-
ship of the French Ministers may find it difficult to relieve
him. The Bey was generous in France, but tkat was an ex-
ception to his general manner of acting. His voyage in
France is considered here a very serious fault ; and is looked
on as the prelude of great disasters for his people."
COURS AIITHENTR;UE.—PARIS, FEB. 9.—Fire per Cents.,
118 f. 117 f. 95c. 85c. 90c. 85c. ; Four per Cents., 104 f. ;
Three per Cents., 77f. 85c., 80c. 75c., 70c., Bank Actions,
3,262 f., 50c.; Rent de Naples (Rothschild's) 101 f. 50c.;
Romans, 10If. 10014 f.; Belgian Five per Cents., (1840),
101 V.; Ditto (1842), 102%; Belgian Four-and-a-Half per
Cents., 961,2 ; Belgian Two-and. a. Half per Cents., 54 ; Spa-
nish Three per Cents., 34 4 3/4 ; Dutch Two-and• a-Half per
Cents., 57%; Exchange on London—one month money, 25f.
20c. ; three months, money, 25f. 2!4c.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, FEBRUARY 10.
_ _

Boulogne and Amiens, 14 4—Dutch Rhenish, 4%—Narnar and
Liege, 2.,l,—Northern of France, 12!8—Orleans and Bordeaux, 7

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.

CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.
The sales of Cotton nt Liverpool yesterday were 2,000
bales. The market was dull, and American sorts at 614 d. to
to 6%d. per lb. were at a decline of per lb. Other de-
scriptions were at about previous rates. The chief sales of
American were at 610. to 7%d. per lb. Railway shares
were rather flat.

According to a statement compiled by the Dutch
Consul at Odessa, it appears that the shipments
from that port in the month of December, comprising
grain, wool, &c., were to the amount of 27,000,000
roubles banco, sent over in 1,382 ships. Thero were
150 vessels in port early in January, but it would require
1,000 ships to bring away the produce already available, so
large were the supplies from tke interior in consequence of
the fine weather.

Letters from Berlin intimate that a large number of
the merchants of Cracow had written to their correspondents
to state that they were unable to meet their engagements,
and offering a dividend of 5 per ceat., though whether as an
instalment or a settlement in full is not stated. If this state-
ment should prove correct heavy losses will fall upon
Berlin, Breslau, and Hamburgh. The liabilities of the
firm which failed at Breslau recently, are now stated at
800,000 dollars.

There is rather a better market for the English Securities,
and in some cases we notice a slight improvement in the
quotations. Consols have been 90% to :!,/i for present transfer,
and 90% 3 for time. Bank Stock is worth 203%. The
New Three•and-a-Quarter per Cents. have been 92% N.
Excheuer-bills have realised 6s. to !s. premium.
The Foreign Securities have been very dull. Portuguese
Four per Cents. have been quoted 36, and Spanish Three per
Cents. 34%. Mexican Bonds have realisedEl% to 22; and
Brazilian 85. Dutch Four per Cents. have been at 92% to
921 x. The decree revoking the decima tax on Portuguese
foreign debt is advertised to-day.
The
are S
much the
hare Mar
mkseat hase. been dull again, but generally,
prices

A letter from Berne, dated 4th February, contains the
following:—
~ The Council of War of the ultramontane faction is
preparations on .a,
per-
manently sitting at Lucerne. It is from that place that it
armaments are out of
directs all the movements of the league. It is thus that i
natonnd!mmaaidlethmei3Tary
has caused to be visited by experienced officers all the t
vul-
nerable points of the canton of Lucerne, and has ordered
them to be fortified. Never, at any period of their history,
proportion with the feeble financial resources they possess,
more have theext
extensive
it is certain that they receive foreign subsidies. It is even
said that they intend taking the initiative in the struggle
against the great cantons. In any case the members of the
league appear shortly to expect decrees of the Diet with re-
spect to the existence of their association, and on the subject
iluvietiglcea,
of the question relative to the Jesuits; and they continue
to announce boldly that they will oppose by force the em-
ployment of all means of coercion. The Grand Council of
Berne has terminated its labours without the attacks of the
conservative party having, in any respect, succeeded in
weakening the Clovernrnent. The income-tax decreed in
principle in one of the last sittings. has not produced the
effect that the adversaries of the new order of things ex-
pected. The populations have understood that, in relieving
them from the feudal rents which still weighed on them in
several parts of the canton, the wants of the treasury required
a compensation. That compensation will, however, not be
very onerous to the
per for the income-tax will never
penny- per thousand of the capital."
exceed one

BRITISII FUNDS. ONE CLOSING
O'CLOCK. I'ItI,;ES.
Rank Stock .. .. .. .. .. .. 2033 203%
Three per Cent. Reduced Annuities .. .. 9034 91 90% 91
Three per Cent. Consols Annuities .. .. 9034 k % 90%
New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cent. Anna. 92%i t,2%
Long Annuities, Expire Jan. 5, 1860 .. 9 9-16 9 9-16
Thtto, 30 years, Jan. 5, 1860 .. • • 9 5.16 9 5-16
India Bonds, 1,0001. .. .. .• .. .. 10 10
Consols for Account .• •• • • ..........90 90%
Exchequer Bills. 134 d. 140.
1,0001... .. -- •• 69 pm. 9
5(101. • .. .. •• ——-- pm. 9
Ditto, Small .... —— pm. 9

ONE CLOSING
FOREIGN FUNDS. O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent .. .. 85 85
Ditto, Small • . • • .. .. 86 86
Mexican Bonds, 1846, h per Cent .. 22 21% 21%
Portuguese Four per Cent • . .. 36 36
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent .. ..
Ditto, Passive Bonds .. .. .. 5
Ditto, Indemnity • • .. .. .. 67
Ditto, Three per Cent .. • • • • 34% 31N
Dis:dends on the above payable in London.
Dutch Two-and-a-Bali per Cent ..
Ditto, 4 Der Cent. Certificates .. 92% % 92%
PRICES OF BUSINESSCLOSING
RAILWAY SHARES. PAID. DONE AT
ONE O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Aberdeen.. .. .. .. .. .. 25 .... 22S .......... 22y.
Amber., Notting., Boston, and
_ .. . __.

Madrid papers of the 3tl have been received.
Senor MA.IiTINEZ E LA Rose
has been appointed
Chairman, and Senor BENATIDgS Secretary of the Com-
mittee of the Chamber of Deputies, appointed to draw
up the answer to the address.
These papers state that Don MIGUEL had been pro-
claimed King in several towns of the north of Portugal.
The Portuguese Ambassador, the Conde DE THOMAR
(COSTA CABRAL) had a long conference with the Duke
of SoTomAyott on the 3d, fur the purpose, it is said, of
demanding an armed intervention.
MADraD Bowie, FED. 3.—The Three per Cents.,
32a cash, 321 paper; Four per Cents., 201 cash; Five per
Cents., 20 15-16 cash, 20Z paper; Passive, 61; Exchange
on London, 37.

Eastern Junction . •• 2%.... .. •••• •• • • 2%
Birmingham and Oxford Junction 5 .... 133 i% .. •• . 13%
firming., Wolver., and Dudley.. F 97/. ....
Birkenhead, Lancash., & Cheshire

Junction .. 4 .... .. • ... •• .. 4%
uckinghamstdre 84s. .• .. p
Caledonian
Direct -Northern Scrip .. ..... 2%
Eastern Counties2o 211 %% ...... 21%
Ditto, New ..
Ditto, York Extension .. .. 4 .... ..
East Lancashire .. .. • • .. 14 ••• • 16 •• • • 16
Ditto New ..
.• • • 5 .. • • % • ••••••• • • 6%
Ditto, ditto New Scrip • • • • 114 ••••2% % • • .... • • 2%
East Lincolnshire .- . 4

•••• ••••••
Edinburgh and Glasgow .. .. 50
.... 78 .. •• •
73
Ely and Huntingdon .. • • .. 12% .... • ....... 13
Great Northern (London & York
Great North of England . ..100
..
Ditto New .. •.• • •. • • ....
New .. • • ••• • 5 • • 5911 ••••• • • • " 593 i
• • .. 20 .... ...• ..... 57
Great Western .. .• 85 .• —124% • • .
•• .• 124%
Ditto, Quarter Share

We have received the Paris papers of Tuesday.
The speech of the Finance Aiinister in the Chamber
on the preceding day on the state of the French finances
is thus commented on in the Constitutionnel
" M. Lacave Laplagne endeavoured to reply to the accusa-
tions which the deplorable management of our finances drew
upon him from all parts of the Chamber, from M. de Castel-
lane, a Conservative, as much as from DI. Ferdinand de Las-
teyrie, or M. Ledru Rollin. lie endeavoured to show, by
clumsily grouping together figures, that the situation is not
worse now than it was when he succeeded to M. Hurnann.
But some few words from M. Quinettee and M. Gauthier de
Rumilly sufficed to destroy this position of his, by proving
that the total of the augmentations of receipts, of the defi-
ciencies, and of the extraordinary works, representing all
the expenses voted since 1841, exclusive of the amount of
the ordinary expenses, such as it was at that period, was
upwards of two milliards I It will of course be well
understood that in such a situation the Government has
an excellent excuse for adjourning the reforms so long
solicited and expected. Why speak of the conversion
of the Five per Cents., of postal reform, of the dimi-
nution of the salt duty, &c. ? Can such things be
thought of ? If so, the Ministry immediately objects
that the deficiency, which in its own work, prevents
it, and thus it gets rid of measures which it has never
thought seriously of rectlisinc,,. Will it be believed, how-
ever, that the Minister of }IMMO" this day dared to say
that the Conservative party was alone capable of effect-
ing these reforms ? This embarrassment that the Minis-
try has introduced in our finances also affects the general
commercial credit of the country. Fearlessly affirm:ig that
the economies of France are inexhaustible, that the purse of
the public is sufficient for everything, it has occasioned a
financial crisis which at present seriously injures industry and
commerce en masse. To this crisis is added that of food,
which it renders graver by concealing the great insufficiency
of
the harvest, and thus preventing speculation from fur-
nishing a remedy; so that the greater part of the responsi-
bility of the present distressmust be certainly attributed to it.
Such. is the situation which the Ministry has produced for
iu,!;; in presence of a policy which has isolated France in
d,cutineD.pe, we find ourselves with a budget in a state of normal
iency., with finances in disorder, with a loan more or
less near in prospect, with enormous works which profoundly
engage the futare, and with credit deeply shaken."

_..0, ..arter ~ .)s .. ..
Ditto3-;ew . •
% 12% .... 191(
..- • l9
, ..
Leeds and Bradford .. • • .. 3.5 .... 80% •••••••• • • 80% Leeds and Thirsk .. • . .. 22%..,, ........
Ditto, New •.. • • 5.. 4 •• .. 3S
LiYerp., blanch., & Newc. Janet. 2%.... IS 2 ..... ... 2 London and BiackwaU .• 161. 13a. 4d. 84 8 ..... • • 8 Ditto, New, No. 2 „—••.. 1 OS 1% p.. 1% p
Ditto, Extension .. .. 7% ~, , 5 5
London, Brighton, and S Coast— 50 .. . 55 .
Ditto, Consol. Eighths .. .... . ... . 55 .. 10 .... 12 .......... 12
London an North-Western . • .100 ....190 189 191.... ISB}
Ditto, Quarters .. . .. . 2 .... 21 ..•••• • • . • 21
Ditto ditto, New Shares .. .. 2 .... 14 ••••• . • • • • 14
Ditto, Fifths . . .• .. 2 .... ••••• • • • • • ~1„8
Ditto, 40/. Shares M. &B.— 40 .... 72% 72 ••• • • • 7,,,
Ditto, 101. Shares M. &B. (A) 5 .... IIN .... •••
• • • • "'''
Oxford, Watley, •
and. Cheltenham 1% —.• I7i7i••• • • • • • 134
Ditto, Tenths .. .. ••.. .4 .... —•• • " . 514
4 4
Ditto, Tenths .. .• • • • • 4 •. • • —•••— • • • •
London and York Extension Scrip 2% ••••a%••• • • • • • • • 2%
21 Lynn and Ely
Manchester and Leeds .. .. .. 82 •• . • • 10'aDitto, Fift 10}
hs
• % P
Manchester, Buxton, & Matlock 425. •• • • %P••" • • :. 124
Midland .. .. .. .. .. ..100 .. • 122%;; •" • :
.•
.. 5•14
Ditto, New • • .. .• a •• •• • ,5„,%.,(1• •• • . . 313%
Newcastle and Berwick .. •• 20 •• • • "3,,`,4•• :: :: .. 34
North British.. .. .• •• ' • 25„ •• • • -1A 4f•ii •••• ••" • • I%
Ditto, Extension .. • • ••,7s " • ' 354% —•• • • • 3!'i Ditto, Thirds • • •• • • ••; :: : 4ci ........ • • :i7,,
North Western Isytaztoerdriishir.e.
and..: ••• • ~ 2S • • .5
3%
Beading, Guildford, Reigate• ..
-?,-, :: : : 231 ~t l:: ~
: : ••
.: : Y 1 %
Scottish Midland •••• • • • • I.‘ ''' ••••3S••• • • • • • '• 41/a Shrewsbury and Birmingham •• •• ,A, :: : : .. .... . . . . 1 %
Ditto, Class B .. • • • • • • 2
..., 1!.•••• • • • • •- , 11.4
Shrewsbury and Hereford . • •.•
425. •• • • 7.,,i, di,. .... • • 'S dis
Shropshire Union .. • • ''• 33% •••••—'•• • • • . • • • 2-3
South Eastern and Dovor .• •i•
2O ••• 23
Ditto. New (iss. at 321.) No* -' 3., .. 414
No. N,,,, (tin 151.) .. d • • ••' • "
S uth Wales • • • • • • .. .No. 4..
10 .
• • 7.%',
—' • "
South Yorkshire, Doncaster, al.i. 2
.... 17,
..........
Goole .. .. • • • •
Trent Valley
Western.. • • •
NVindsor, Staines, &S.W es -
.. 25
....
_..:i
..........
York and Newcastle • • • •
.. 5
.., 11% .. ....... . 11%
and Midland J nue. 4.29. .... %. , P:: ...........
11
pp
Ditto, New. • • • • • '••
.. 3 .... 8%•• •••• • • • 8•74
Ditto, Preference •._ •
.. ,0
~ . !•;)
...
~
York and North Midlsnd .
...
~)
....
~,,,,
~
..
..., •
Ditto. Selby - -
.. 20 .... 37 LA .• —.•• • • • 7il
Ditte, Extension • • •
2 .... 11A %•• .. .. 11;34
:10 ... - 21% .. ...... • . 21
Ditto,
Th.
E.lau'reafewret:cueltuni•Ex.t..oll...

" Where small and great, where weak and mighty made
To serre, not suffer; strengthen not invade;
More powerful each us needful to the rest,
And, in proportion as it blesses, blessed."
When the great principle of mutual depenuence and
mutual co-operation is generally recognised, as it
must be at no distant day, we shall hear no more of
the contending interests of masters and men—we
shall hear no longer that Political Economy is adverse
to Humanity.
We must refer our readers to the able and eloquent
speech of Lord JOIIN MANNERS for a refutation
of the fallacious arguments against non-intefereece.
" Do we not interfere," he asks, " to regulate the
speed of vessels in the river ? Did we wait for a
mutual arrangement of master and men when we
interfered to emancipate the negroes ?" It semis
almost ridiculous, however, to talk about non-
interference now. Why, if the Ten Hours' Bill
be rejected, because the House must not interfere,
= ":tEthori:io
twelve hours must be repealed on the same principle.
As Lord J. Russzra, said emphatically, at the close

The F.Teech of M. nr Consf-Tvatiro of I
cue 1.110'.6 party, produced a great .ensation in the Chum-
ber. Not only did he declare that the finances were in I,

FOREIGN RAILWAYS.
Boulogne and Amiens 18 •• • • •• 14
Dutch Rhenish 7 .... 41i I,A %......
Namur and Liege 8 .... 2 .. ••• • • • 2%
Northern of France .. .. 8 12% % . ..... 12
Orleans and Bounteous .. 6 .. .. 7 • • ...... 7

MINES.
Real del Monte, Unrezistered 334 • • •• •• . • •• 34

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY)
LONDON, FEB. 11.—Wind N.W , moderate breeze and fine.
DOVER, FEB. 10.—Wind N.W., strong.—Arrd. Union,
Sainthall, Jamaica, for Bremen.
PORTSMOUTH, FEB. 10.—Wind N. to N. W.—Sid. Mary
Ann, Cape of Good Hope and Madras; Miranda, Antigua.
BRISTOL, FEB. 10.—Wind N.—Arrd. Sybilla, Mauritius.
COWES FED. 10.—Wind N.N.W.—Arrd. Louise Caesar,
Weneke;Rio Janeiro; St. Thomas's Packet, St. Domingo.
LIVERPOOL, FEB. 10.—Wind N., fresh —Arrd. Walpole,
Richardson, New York. Sld. Rimar, Valparaiso. The
Charles Brownell, for Valparaiso, and the Milton, for Bahia,
were in contact last evening in the river, and both received
some damage.
CLYDE, Fan 7.—Wind N.—Sld. James Ewing, Jamaica;
Agnes Sophia, Matanzas.
WATERFORD, FEE. B.—Wind N.E. to N.N.E.—SId. Mar-
garet, New York.
Coax, FEL B.—Wind N.N.W.—Arrd. Panama, Wilson,
Callao; Esk, Bahia. The Lovely Mary, Stanton, Waterford
to Newfoundland, has put in here with masts cut away, and
part of cargo thrown overboard in a hurricane, lat. 24,
long. 37.
LONDONDERRT.—Arrd. Canonicus, Copeland, New York.
Shl. Maria. New York.
Lams, FEB. 9.—Wind N.W.—Arrd. Joanna, St. John's.
BRIDLINGTON, FEB. 10.—The Charles, Clay, from Boston
to Stockton, is on the south pier, and likely to be much
damaged.

MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY.)
biIIIATGATE AND LEADENBALL.
There was a very steady trade here, and prices were well
supported. Beef, 2s 8d to 3s 8d ; Mutton, 3s 6d to 4s 4d ;
Veal, 4s 2d to 5s 2d ; and Pork, 3s 6d to 4s 10d per Blbs.
by the carcase.

MEAT

VI S.

SOUTIIALL, FEB. 10.—Prime Beasts and Sheep com-
manded a very steady inquiry, at full prices. In all other
kinds of stock next to nothing was doing. Beef,
from 3s to 4s 4d ; Mutton, 4s to 5s ; Veal, 4s to 4s 103 ;
and Pork, 4s to 4s 6d per 81bs., to sink the offals.
ROMFORD, Fan. 10.—We had an improved dmand for
each kind of stock at our quotations ; —Beet; from
3s to 4s 4d ; Mutton, 3s 10d to 5s • Veal,4B to 4s 8d ; and
Pork, 4s to 4s 6d per Slbs. Sucking Calves, 18s to 295;
quarter-old store Pigs, 16s to 18s ; and Mitch Cows, with
their small Calf, 161 to 181 each.
LEWES, FEB. 9.—Beef, from 3s 4d to to 4s 6d; Mutton,
4s 2d to 5s 2d; Veal 4s 2d to 4s 8d; and Pork, 4s to 4s Gd
per 81bs. A moderate supply, and a steady trade.

CORN AVERAGES.
GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORN
For the Week ended Feb. 11, 1347„•nade up from the Returns of the
Inspectors in the different Cities and Towns in England and Wsles
per Imperial Quarter.
WHEAT. I LARIAT.' OATS. EYE. I BEANS. I PEAS.
PRICE • • 73s 10d 53s id 33s Od 555 9d 545 3d 57s 3d

The Duties on Foreign Grain are now suspended.

HOUSE OF LORDS.-(THIS DAY.)
The House of Lords sat to-day to hear appeals.
WILSON 0. WILSON.

The arguments in this part-heard appeal were resumed this
morning by Mr. TURNIR, following on the same side as Sir
Fitzroy Kelly, who addressed their Lordships yesterday on
behalf of the appellants. The case came before their Lord-
ships upon an appeal against the decree of the Vice-Chan-
eellor of England, by which he had deserted specific per-
formance of certain articles of separation between these par-
ties. The bill filed by Mrs. Wilson stated that in the month
of April, 1839, a marriage was solemnised between the
plaintiff then Mary Wright Wilson, spinster), and the de-
fendant, John Wright Henniker Wilson (then John Wright
Henniker); that previously to and at the time of such
marriage, the plaintiff was entitled under the will of Lady
Frances Wright Wilson, deceased, to a certain freehold
estate called Drayton Lodge, situate in the county of
Southampton, and that she was also entitled under the will
of Sir henry Wright Wilson, deceased, for her life, with re-
mainderto her children and issue, to certain freehold estates
in the county of York, and a small estate in the county of
Essex, and to certain leasehold hereditamenta situate in the
parish of Chelsea, and called the Chelsea Park estate, and
also to a certain leasehold house in Grosvenor-place, and to
money in the public funds. That previously to such marriage
between the plaintiff and defendant a marriage settlement
was executed, dated 27th of April, 1839, whereby it was
amongst other things, recited that all the property of the
plaintiff, except the Drayton Lodge estate and the Chelsea Park
estate, and the sum of 3,0001. Consolidated Annuities, therein
mentioned, should after the solemnisation of the said intended
marriage belong to Mr. Wilson, in his marital right. And
the Drayton Lodge estate and the 3,000 e were then settled
to the use of Mary H. W. Wilson for her life, and the Chelsea
Park estate was vested in trustees for the residue of several
terms of years therein subsisting, upon trust for John H.
W. Wilson, for his life, and after his decease to Mary W.
11. Wilson, for her life, and after her decease, in trust, for
her husband, his heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns.
The bill then went on to allege that soon after the marriage
unhappy differences arose, and on the Bth of May, 1843, the
wife instituted proceedings in the Ecclesiastical Court for
a divorce, on the ground of impotency; that proposals
to prevent the continuance of this suit, and to ob-
tain an arrangement for a separation, had been at first
made by Mr. Wilson, but had been rejected by the lady,
Ultimately, however, certain articles of agreement, dated
June 2, 1843, were executed, by which it was covenanted
that Wilson should allow his wife to live separate from him,
that the estates in settlement should be vested in the trus-
tees of the settlement for her separate use during their
joint lives, and that if he should perform the covenants
therein contained he should be indemnified against the
covenants on certain leases on which he was liable, and also
against all his (this ought to have been her) present debts
and liabilities, and that whilst be should duly perform the
covenants of this deed he should receive an annuity of
1,0001. during the joint lives of himself and wife, charged
upon the freehold estates in the county of York, and that
in the meantime proceedings in the Ecclesiastical Court
should be suspended. On the execution of these articles of
agreement all proceedings in that Court were stayed.
Mr. Wilson afterwards repudiated this deed of separa-
tion, and Mrs. Wilson and her trustees filed this bill
against him to compel specific performance of it. In
this bill, after the allegations above stated, they prayed
relief by a decree for specific performance of the deed of
separation, and offered to correct the error as to the debts,
and to execute any deed to indemnify Mr. Wilson against
the present and any future debts of his wife. Mr. Wilson
by his answer alleged that the deeds had been obtained from
him by fraud and intimidation, and under the pressure of the
terror and degradation and ridicule, which the ground of
suit in the Ecclesiastical Court would bring upon him, by
which he had been induced to give up the benefits he had
acquired under the marriage settlement. his wife, all the
while, knowing that the alleged ground of suit was false.
Mr. Wilson also filed a cross bill containing the same allega-
tions, and further insisting that the articles of separation
Were contrary to public feeling, and praying that the deed of
separation might be given up to be cancelled. The two suits
came on to be heard before the Vice-Chancellor, who decreed
that Courts of Equity had power to enforce the deed of
separation, that in these articles there was nothing opposed
to public policy, and that there was a sufficient consideration
for the agreement, without a covenant to indemnify the
husband against the wife's debts. He therefore decreed spe-
cific performance by the husband of the deed of separation.
The address of Mr. TURNER, on behalf of the appellant,
to-day, occupied their Lordships the whole morning. The
case appears likely to take up two or three more days in
argument.

PRIVY COUNCIL.-(THIS DAY.)
The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat to-day
in the Council Chamber, Whitehall, to hear appeals. The
Lords present were :—Lord Brougham. the Chancellor of the
Duchy of Lancaster (Lord Campbell), the Master of the
Rolls (Lord Langdale), the Chancellor of the Duchy of
Cornwall (the Right Hon. Thomas Pemberton Leigh), the
Judge of the Admiralty Court (Dr. Lushington), Sir Alex-
ander Johnstone, and Sir Edward Ryan.
THE HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY OF GRENADA V. TIIE CHIEF
JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT OF GRENADA.
The arguments in this part-beard case were resumed and
concluded to-day. The case came before their Lord-
ships on a memorial and appeal presented to her
Majesty in council by the [louse of Assembly of
Grenada, complaining of the conduct, ever since his
first appointment, in the year 1832, of John Sanderson, Esq,
Chief Justice of that island, and praying his dismissal from
that high office. The conduct of the Chief Justice complained
of by the memorialists and appellants may be thus summed
up, from the statements in the case of the
memorialists : Exhibiting habitually on the bench
a harsh and offensive demeanour towards the bar, the magis-
tracy, and the grand juries, and addressing them in intempe-
rate and violent language, and expressions unbecoming hie
dignity as a judge: denying the co-ordinate and co equal
jurisdiction of the Puisne Judges, as established by
statute, and taking constant occasion to assume a
superior and independent authority : refusing to carry
the statute law into effect, for which he was suspended, and
only restored upon his undertaking to enforce it. Disbar-
ring
Clement Thomas Richardson, a barrister, without notice
given to him, er an opportunity afforded to him of justifying
or defending himself. Ordering Fielding Browne, another
barrister, to be committed for moving to have the
pre-
vious order of disbarment rescinded, and
who has
not with.
standing the other judge of the crtn,rt lerbeing
made.
co-ordi-
nate jurisdiction, objected to 8n
Procuring from the Governor of the island the suspension cf
Mr. Justice Wells, for rescinding
bthwe
easborvele.o-mkeedntbiyonbedero3rdiaer.
of disbarment; a suspension
jesty, under the advicby which the puisne
England. Making we
ithofotttthnkew_nlocniascvwnlerodtil:geceorra coofnctuhrereCncrenwofntlii'el
puisne judges two rules of t
to transact any business
judges were forbidden
at chambers; rules which_ were rescinded by order
of her Majesty, under the advice of the judicial
committee of this_moathoneurable council. Sentencing
summarily, and without trial, one Andrew Lambie, a witness
for the defence on the trial of an indictment, to a month's
imprisonment, and a fine of 101. for prevarication; a fine
which was directed by order of her Majesty's Secretary of
State for the Colonial Department to be repaid to him,
and an imprisonment which was only not re-
mitted because it had been suffered. Imprisoning
John Ross \l'Combie for three months, and imposing on
him a fine of 1001. for animadverting in a newspaper upon
the committal of the said Andrew Lambie; an imprison-
ment which was likewise half suffered before it could be re•
'flitted by the Governor, though the fine was by his order
never demanded. Ordering Daniel M'Lean, a prisoner on
his trial, out of court during the examination of the wit-
nesses for the defence ; and fining, in opposition
to the opinion of the puisne judge sitting with him,
Robert Gentle, Esq., and Jonas Browne, Esq., two justices of
the Peace, for the alleged i'regularity
of taking down in
writing certain depositions of witnesses in the third
person instead of in the first person, notwithstanding
the custom had been to take such depositions in the
third person, and no warning had been given to
either of such justices that any alteration in such
practices was desired ; a fine which, by authority
of her Majesty's Colonial Secretary, and by the consent
of the Chief Justice himself,
was never demanded.
By the memorial of the respondent, the Chief Justice of Gre-
nada, he insisted that a jetige IN 118 not legal;;• liable for any-
thing done ,a the exercise of his office, unless chargeable
with corruption, and complained of the numerous and
Inveterate controversies in which it had been mis-
chievously contrived to involve him with vast
trouble and ruinous expense in bygone matter
since 1832, and which had frcm time to time been
disposed of by competent enthoeity, being opened and re-
ittoyed. With respect to the cot, ii,ai t O tt‘e respoiel att,
memorialists asserted that the f•ye .gull - qtturs
the respondent stated had been disposed of by competent
authority, had not, in their effect upon his conduct and