The Sun.
London, England, 1847-07-13 00:00:00

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LONDON, TUESDAY, JULY 13, 1847.

Yesterday we commented u pontle success which
has latterly attended the denationalizing and degene-
rating policy adopted by Louis PuiLirre, and festered
by M. GUIZOT. It becomes a matter
,of supreme
importance to consider the prejudicial effects of this
political recantation at the Tuileries upon the cause of
freedom and civilization. Among all the anomalies
of continental history, it is certainly the most
bewildering:— this of the revival of the spirit of
absolutism in the capital of that kingdom in which
the sovereignty of the people was first distinctly
proclaimed ! It censtitutes one of those incompre-
hensible reactions which are invariable both in our
moral and physical condition. A reaction as mar-
vellous, as unexpected, and as sudden, but of a totally
opposite tendency, has latterly been v ik,is in the
degraded and dependent principalities of Italy. While
a fraternal sympathy for the Northern despots has
been manifesting itself in the Council chambers of the

Citizen King of FRANCE, an august Liberator has
aroused the enthusiasm of the Italians from the Pon-
tifical Palace of the Vatican. What Louis PHILIPPE
is to the retrogression of society, Pits IX is to its
progression—to its advancement—to its elevation. The
cloud which has descended over Paris has carried a
hateful darkness to Lisbon and to Madrid, while the
light of the political and social emancipation of the
Romans has illumined the pinnacles of Turin and
Leghorn, and found even a reflection on the battle-
ments of Berlin. Changes so extraordinary and un-
expected could not possibly occur without being
succeeded by the most violent antagonism from those
whose influence was thereby endangered. Such has
actually been the case. The evidence of national
fervour afforded at the Reform Banquet just attended
upon those heights of Montmartre which overlook
the French metropolis, is not one jot more significant
than the dismissal of the Count VILLA MARINA and
his liberal colleagues from the administration of affairs
under CHARLES ALBERT, the Monarch of Sardinia,
or the interruption of that confidence in the ameliora-
tive character of the present Papal Government
which has heretofore rendered Pope Pius the Ninth
the idol of the Roman population.
Nothing is- more certain than the abhorrence with
which the almost republican people of France regard
the recent proceedings of their SOVEREIGN and his
obsequious Ministers. And the indignation of all
Frenchmen in this particular is not more certain
than the wrath with which the Austrian Cabinet has
watched the progress of liberalism in Italy from
the moment of its commencement. In the rejoicings
of the elated subjects of the Sovereign PONTIFF, of the
King of SARDINIA, and of the Grand Duke of TUSCANY,
the Emperor of AUSTRIA has only heard the exulting
voices of a race relieved from his supreme domination.
His listening heart has spoken rightly, if it has so
spoken to his judgment. In rendering themselves
popular to their people, the rulers of the Italian
principalities are most effectually releasing themselves
from the thraldom of Austrian friendship—they are
securing their own independence in assuring social
and political freedom to their respective communities.
With the consciousness that their power over the

petty Princedoms of Italy is endangered by this

liberative movement, the Councillors of FRANCIS are
animated with a desperate resolution either to retard
the progress of that movement, by raising a multi-
tude of State obstructions, or to prevent its further
development by intrigue, or by open opposition.
Unless the countenance of some Free Government
be extended to the glorious Apostles of civilization
who are now striving to bestow liberty upon the
Italians, the predominant sway of Vienna will be
successful in its repressive exertions. Aid or coun-
tenance from France is hopeless now that the Sove-
reign of France is allied in principle with the
assertors of Austrian supremacy in the Italian penin-
sula. Where, therefore, can Pius look securely for
official approbation ? Where, if not to England ?
Ours is no blind and undiscerning enthusiasm.
Pius the Ninth, as a sacerdotal chieftain, is regarded
by all true Protestant Englishmen with suspicion;
as a political leader he has secured our confidence'
and commanded our admiration. In the English Par-
liament he has been eulogised ; by the English

Prime Minister his panegyric has been pro-
nounced. Surely the Papal Reformer may look
for political countenance to England not ineffec-
tually. Without some such countenance as might
be afforded by Lord PALMERSTON, the cause of liberal
legislation in Italy is in a perilous predicament. With
some such moral assistance Austria would be awed
into submission to the decrees of Destiny, and Italy
would arise again from the ashes of ignorance and
absolutism to a state of real prosperity, of lasting en-
lightenment, and of unparalleled happiness. Upon
the decision of external Cabinets is dependent the

fate of that historic land. Its degeneracy and its
vigour are oscillating in the scales of Destiny. Which
will preponderate ? Should Pius be abandoned, his
country may be again plunged, and that irreparably,
into the woes of that foreign domination from which
she has been very nearly rescued through his illus-
trious instrumentality.

When an individual who is receiving at the hands
of another benefits that should awaken sentiments of
the deepest gratitude, chooses to repudiate every feel-
ing of obligation, to insist upon his moral right to
much more than his benefactor has been enabled to
effect on his behalf, and to vituperate that benefactor
for that which has been omitted, his exaggerated
claims excite the atrongcst indignation io every mind.
He speedily is abandoned by every former associate,
and no one will be found ready or willing to make
any effort for the advantage of one who has taken
such erroneous views, and who has been guilty of
that which has been described "as worse than the
crime of witchcraft." The same may be said of
communities and nations, if the recipients of bounty
impugn the motives or undervalue the exertions of
the donors. Indeed, in the latter case, the folly of
some few wrong-headed persons will, to a certain ex-
tent, cast a stain upon the whole of their brethren,
and too frequently occasion irreparable injury to the
future prospects of their country. Ireland has
been peculiarly unfortunate in this respect. How often
have the acts of our Legislature for her benefit,
although hailed with gratitude by the general body
of the people, been maligned and vituperated. How
frequently has a torrent of abuse been poured forth in
return for deeds deserving of a very different recep-
tion. During the present session we have repeatedly
had to direct the public attention to resolutions
adopted by certain Roman Catholic clergymen of the
diocese of Tuam, which contained the most unjust
and unfounded charges against our Government, and
which in every sentence were characterised by what
has well been called the " Anti-Russell mania." We
had hoped, however, that these opinions would have
been confined to the districts from which they
emanated, and that we should not have any
exhibitions of a similar description within the walls
of St. Stephen's. It was, however, with the deepest
regret that we found the Noble Lord the Member
for Leitrim on Saturday describing the whole of the
Irish legislation at this crisis as "unjust and unfair
to the last degree," condemning the Legislature and
condemning the Government in wholesale terms, and
objecting to any portion of the recent advances being
demanded from the Irish landlords.

We do not desire in any degree to interfere with
the opinions of Lord CLEMENTS. Either as an Irish
gentlemen, or as a Member of the Legislature, he
has a perfect right to give utterance to hissentiments,
and, if possible, to induce his fellow-Membersto
Bcon-
form
thereto, and to adopt his peculiar views.
as we conceive these views to be extreme] tt,
y
dan-
gerous, and calculated, if not immediately contra-
dicted, to prove highly prejudicial to the interests of
Ireland, we feel it an imperative duty to state that
they are not participated in by any considerable or
influential portion of the Irish people, and to call upon
our own countrymen not to suffer any feeling of
irritation that might be occasioned thereby to induce
them to pause in their benevolent course, or to visit
on the entire nation a punishment for the injudicious
observations of an individual. The future welfare
and prosperity of Ireland depends, in a great degree,
upon the capital that may be applied to the improve-
ment of the soil, and the full development of all
her natural capabilities. We are ready to pledge
our credit to obtain the necessary funds, whenever
there is a fair and reasonable prospect of an adequate
return.‘ We offer that assistance, not as Lord CLE-
mis rather unhappily suggested, "as a person
who bestows an alms- upon a mendicant in the
street,
will be
comes informingfor\vard tholm:hat e
expected,". but as one who
athsseistsaanmeee timofe, tahat re-
payment
suf-
feringow o creditbrother,utmosttotax fothhri
esthfuTlvn relief mans
of
tthat
a t and
brother,
hsoanmoeurt,imaned, his ultimateb abilityh. to repay
fc.yaointhfildisenmcoerienhis
integrityhaviog , a atand
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g oeo
oecae s st ahrayt
the advances made or guaranteed
for-
tunate relative. The strictest
in such a case. Let it once be intiwinhas nitel
the loans are to be regarded as gifts,
advantage is taken thereof, and that the whole burden
every
of the repayment is to be permitted to fall upon the
person who had bound himself as surety for the other,
and an immediate stop is put to every further assist-
ance. Should any further unforeseen misfortunes
occur, there may be s claim for further indulgence,
but if there is no alteration in ti.c situLatuil ui the
parties the original compact must be strictly observed.
When the labour-rate was introduced, in 1846, it was
provided that the whole aulow4 of the necessary

TEtE SUN,

outlay should be refunded by certain instal-
ments ; when, however, the great extent of
the calamity became known, it was looked
upon as a national evil, and one-half of the
entire amount was voluntarily remitted, while the
remaining half was to be accepted by instalments
spread over a period of ten years. The boon was
gladly accepted, and we believe that we are justified
in saying that our generosity awakened the liveliest
gratitude throughout the country generally. Nothing
has since taken place to call for an alteration. As yet
the prospects of the coming year are fair and bright ;
there is every appearance of an abundant harvest,
and a fair hope that Ireland will be enabled to supply
its own wants without further aid from England.
It is, therefore, net a fitting period to effect any
change in the terms of the contract, and any attempt
to do so, if generally participated in, would infallibly
prevent the granting of any future loan.
Lord CLEMENTS, however, stood alone; not a single
Irish Member joined in his views. We may there-
fore hope that what might have proved injurious will
have a contrary effect, and by showing the manner in
which any such proposition would certainly be re-
ceived, prevent the possibility of its repetition.

The Augsburg Gazette of the 7th inst. publishes a
letter from Rome of the 29th ult., containing a
variety of strange reports. It was said that the
POPE intended to abdicate, and that he had sent for
his brother, Count MASTAI of Sinigaglia, to consult
him on the subject. The Liberals assembled on that
day to draw up a petition to his Holiness, in which
they set forth the reforms he could achieve without
compromising his apostolical dignity.

The Levant mail brings accounts from Constanti-
nople of the 27th, from Smyrna of the 25th, and from
Athens of the 30th ult.

COLETTI has managed to procure a large majority
in the new Chamber by the most simple process in
the world. He issued letters de cachet, which he
placed in the hands of the authorities before the elec-
tions came on, and whenever an Opposition candidate
appeared to have the least chance of success, he was
arrested and thrown into prison. General GRIZZIOTI
is among the number of the victims of that illegal
act of this tool of the Tuileries. Camas, a quondam
tool of COLETTI, who headed a rebellion in favour of
the presentPrimeMinister againstMavuocoupAro,has,
it appears, quarrelled with his patron, and attempted
to raise the standard of revolt against him. GRIVAS,
however, became frightened, and without waiting for
the approach of the Government troops, decamped,
and took refuge in the lonian Islands.
An Albanian, named DJOUKELS, had attempted, at
the head of 1,000 men to raise a rebellion in Albania.
The Muchir of Jannina, HAFIz Pacua. routed the
rebels, and took fifty prisoners.
It is said BEDERHAM BEY, the Kurd chief, was
reduced to a powerless state by the troops of the
SULTAN, and would be obliged to take refuge in
Persia.

Madrid papers of the 6th have arrived. The QUEEN
has conferred on General CONCHA the title of Mar-
quis de Douro, and created him a Grandee of the first
class. Her MAJESTY has also conferred on General
PAVIA the title of Marquis of Novalinches.
The contractors of the new loan are stated to be
Mr. SMITH, of London, M. BINHENTAL, and Senor
SALAMANCA.

The QUEEN'S troops have dispersed the Carlist
band of CALVENTE, which of late has infested the
province of Toledo. CALVENTE himself was killed in
the rencontre.

MADRID BoLsa, JULY 6.—The Three per Cents.
were done at 27 for cash ; the Five per Cents. at 17i ;
the Debt without interest at sf; and the Coupons
at 13.