The Sun.
London, England, 1841-09-07 00:00:00

TIIT UN, LONDON, TILESDAY, SEPTRIVBEit 7, 1841.

in which they were held, that the VICEROY was
compelled to keep a force of from 8,000 to 9,000
men constantly in the garrisons of the island,
independently of the Turkish militia. When
the Treaty of the 15th July deprived MEHEMET
ALI of Candia, the PORTE had not provided for
the government of the island in accordance
with the genius of the people, and the relative
strength of the two races occupying it. The
same blind course which it is now pursuing in
Syria, it adopted in Candia. Instead of allowing
MUSTAPHA PACHA, who, under MEHEMET ALI,
governed the island tranquilly by discouraging
the system of rapine which the Turks were
everywhere pursuing, to remain at the head
of the Administration, a succession of
Governors were appointed, whose arrogance
and insatiable avarice filled the Greeks
with alarm, and drove them to take up arms once
more to effect their independence. Letters from
Constantinople of the 7th ult. led us to believe
that the Candiotes were completely crushed for
the present ; but advices of a date ten days later
apprise us that a formidable body of them still
occupies the almost impassable passes of the
Sphakiote ridge of mountains. In arming the
Turkish population, the Porte is preparing the
way for a war of extermination. The Turks
once armed, will not restrain the indulgence of
their brutal passions; and the Greeks, fighting
for their lives, the inviolability of their wives and
daughters, and their hearths and altars, will
show no mercy. It is surely the duty of the
Christian Governments of Europe to take upon
themselves the tranquilization of Candia. Al-
ready have the Candiote insurgents implored
their protection, and offered to submit to their
award. Generosity, humanity, the very welfare
of Turkey itself; demands that their prayers
should not be rejected.

We publish in another part of The Sun some
highly important Chinese State Papers, received
by the Overland Mail, but too late for our
Afternoon Edition of Saturday. The petition
of the unfortunate KESHEN, addressed iu
the form of a Report to the EMPEROR, and de-
tailing the state of the fortifications on
the Canton River, will well repay the
trouble of an attentive perusal. KESHEN
was unquestionably one of the ablest statesmen
in China, and his loss will yet be severely felt
by the barbarian Monarch, by whose commands
he was so ignominiously put to death. He was
born and educated at the Court of Pekin, where-
he exceeded all his contemporaries in an inti-
mate acquaintance with all the affairs of the inter-
nal Administration, civil and military, and ecclesi-
astical. He was of a restless and intrigming dispo-
sition, and by constantly ferreting out abuses,
which he set forth in memorials to be laid at the
feet of the EMPEROR, he made himself many
powerful enemies; But his great talents and
extraordinary sagacity rendered his enemies
powerless so long as he was within ear-
shot of the Court. It was only when at
a distance that he declined in the Impe-
rial favour, and previously to his last fa-
tal fall he was several times fined, and
even publicly censured in the Pekin Gazette.
But he never failed to defend himself with abi-
lity, and in the end with success; and as he was
a good General, an able financier, without ever
having served in these departments, his
counsels were always of the greatest service
to the Government. As he saw from the
commencement of the quarrel with England that
the Celestials were no match in war for the con-
querors of India, he did all that he could to coun-
teract the mischievously hostile policy •of his
predecessor, the High Commissioner LIN. Ap-
pointed to succeed him, he tried to gain by nego-
elation what he could not achieve by force; but, un-
fortunately for himself, his moderate and saga-
cious views were regarded at Pekin as the result
of cowardice. The bagarian pride of the EM-
PEROR and the Court was wounded; KESHEN
was denounced as a traitor, and LIN, with his
other enemies, fearing the result of his appearance
before the EMPEROR, procured the. tracing of
the lines with the vermillion pencil, which
doomed tha ablest statesman: in the Celestial
Empire to be cut asunder through the middle

The Paris 'Journals of Friday and Saturday
have all reached us. Notwithstanding the great
outcry which they all made against Lord PAL-
MERSTON and the Whig Ministry, so far as we
can gather from them, they are still worse dissa-
tisfied with their Tory successors. The Courrier
Francais, the National, the Siecle, and the
Presse, speak most disparingly of the composi-
tion of the PEEL Cabinet.

The Constitutionnel has the following remarks
on the negotiations for commercial relations be-
tween France and Belgium :
The commercial negotiations with Belgium have for
some days past attracted the serious attention of the
Council of Ministers. The question of the suppression
of the custom-houses being found impracticable, is
wholly abandoned. The object now in view is a
new treaty of commerce upon very wide bases,
with modifications of our tariffs, and a great facility
for the introduction into France of the various
manufactures of Belgium, such as woollens, carpets,
iron, coal, &c. The propositions of the Belgian Govern.
ment have given rise to serious objections in the Council.
The compensations offered by it for the concessions re-
quired, are chiefly the reduction of the Belgian tariff as
regards our wines and spirits. The Belgian propositions
have their partisans in the Cabinet who welcome them
as an opening to more intimate relations between the
two cluintries ; but we know also that they have been
strongly resisted by some of the Ministers who are im-
pressed with a sense of the opposition which they would
experience in the Chambers, and the injury which, if ac-
ceded to, they would bring upon France. We are as-
sured that the deliberations on this subject are indefi-
nitely adjourned, and the Cabinet intends to call upon se-
veral Chambers of Commerce for information, which is
become indispensable, on account of the turn which the
negotiations have taken."
An amusing anecdote is current in Paris, as to the
King of Prussia's reception of M. Thiers. After the in-
terview of the French statesman with the German Mo
narch had been spent on topics of art and general con-
versation, M. Thiers alluded to politics, when the King
of Prussia observed that his political maxim was that of
M. G uizot, La Pair partout, et tourjours—"peace every
where and always"—and that he was not ashamed of it.
The magistracy of Hanover have instituted a prosecu-
tion against an innkeeper at Hertzberg for defaming the
memory of the late Queen.
Extract of a letter from Tceplitz, 25th ult., in the
Augsburg Gazette :—" The Duchess d'Angouleme arrived
here on the 18th, having in her suite the Dowager
Duchess de Blacas, and Count Stanislav de Blacas, who
served in the army of Don Carlos. All the elite of the
society here have been to pay their respects to her Royal
Highness. The Dowager Princess of Reuss Graetz,
who, before her marriage, was a Princess de Rohan.
Prince-Radziwil, the Count de Fiquelmont, and his fu-
ture son-iu-law, Prince de Clary, ahe proprietor of
Tceplitz, went on the eve of the fea of Saint Louis to
compliment the Duchess d'Angouleme. Prince Felix
Lichnowski has passed an evening with the Princess,
whose journey hither is considered as a proof of the satis-
factory condition of the Duke de Bordeaux.
The following account of a valuable and curious-dis-
covery at Trieste appears in the Eco du Monde Savant:
—" The supply of water to Trieste being frequently un-
equal to-the wants of the inhabitants, and there being no
source of importance excepting a little river, the Recce,
which loses itself in the mountains and re-appears only
at a considerable distance, a German engineer, M. Lind-
ler, hoping to give to this river a direction favourable to
Trieste, resolved to explore its course. After penetrat-
ing through the cavities of the mountain without success,
he proceeded to break opeaings, and at length came upon
a cavity, into which he had himself lowered ropes.
It is an immense grotto, 160 feet in height, 2,350 fieet in
length, and through it the river in question flows over a
bed of sand. With a small expense, this water can be
Ibrought by aqueduct into Trieste."
The Revue Orientals has a letter from the Cretan
Committee at Athens, from which we make the annexed
extract :—" It'is true that the Sphakiotes, whether they
had been betrayed, or whether they saw that it was im-
possible to save their fainilies if they fell, left open a
free passage to their enemies. Still the provinces of
Malevison, Messara, and Melopotamo, hold out. The
brave General B. Chalis, having collected some troops,
is determined to meet his assailants. Only a few of tbe
Sphakiotes have given up their arms, the rest keeping
them until reinforcements come to enable them to renew
the struggle. The provisional Government, too weak
and incapable to brave the danger, has given way to a
military government, which has been suctioned by the
suffrages of the armed force, and is more suited to con-
tend with the diftculties by which the country is sur-
rounded. A flotilla was indispensable ; and there has
been formed one as large as the means at our command
permitted."
A few days ago a fire broke out in the forest of Po-
laison, near Draguignan, which burnt down the wood
standing on 400 hectares (the hectare is equal to about
2i English acres) of Royal forest, and from 200 to 300
hectares of private property. On the same day a fire
broke out in a wood belonging to a rich landholder near
Frejus. It was still burning on the 20th ult. These fires
are supposed to have been the work of incendiaries.
The manufactory of M. Morel Porte, in the centre of

Bernay, near Rouen, took fire early on Sunday morning,
and burnt with such violence that the whole of the build
ing and its contents were consumed, leaving only the
walls. Nothing but the exertions of the firemen and the
absence of wind, saved the town from extensive devasta-
tion, as the factory was surrounded by numerous wooden
houses. _ _

The Lyons papers state that the man Collot, who has
just been condemned to death for murdering his uncle, at
that place, is a descendant of the infamods Collot d'Eler•
bois, of revolutionary notoriety.
M. Tiran, member of the Society of Antiquaries of
France, has been sent into Spain by the Minister of Pub-
lic Instruction, to collect rare books and MSS. for the
Public Libraries of France. _ _ _

" The Spanish Ambassador," says the Toulonnais, "i:
stated to have detained at Mahon the Victorieuse cor-
vette until France has paid a sum of 10,000 f., the esti-
mated charges for quarantine expenses. The captain of
the Victorieuse has been warned that, if he attempts to
sail before this demand is settled, the corvette will be
fired on."

M. Lenormand, the ex-Commissary of police, arrived
at Toulouse on Wednesday morning, and was immedi-
ately lodged in the prison of the Senechal.
The three veterinary schools of Alfort, Lyons, and
Toulouse, at which there are 600 students, cost the Go-
vernment 492,200 f. per annum, or, upon the average,
820 r. for each student. The average number of horses
kept in them is 1,332,—viz.: 838 stallions, 127 mares,
212 colts, 99 fillies, and 56 draft-horses. The expenses
amount to 1,921,900 f. In the sheep-farms at Rambouillet.
Perpignan, and Lahayevaux, there are 1,500 animals, the
keepof which, all expenses included, amounts to 116,000 f.

a-year.
The gallery of the Palais Royal, which contains the
series of historical pictures, representing the various
scenes of which that edifice has been the theatre, is

about to have added to it two more paintings—one repre-
senting the reception by the Royal Family of France of
Queen Maria Christina ; and the other the signing, by
her Spanish Majesty, of her Protest against the Decrees
of the Cortes, which deprived her cif her rights as
Guardian of Queen Isabella.

The Minister of Foreiem Affairs, according to the
Univers, has remitted to the Superior of the Sisters of
Charity, at Smyrna, 3,000 f. towards the relief of the
sufferers by the late fire there.
The Moniteur of the 4th of September has no
part.
We find the following account in the Emancipation of
Toulouse of the Ist of September :
"M. Lenormand, our late Principal Commissary,
whom we' have mentioned as being implicated in the
troubles of Toulouse, arrived this morning by the dili-
gence from Paris, accompanied by two police officers,
who did not quit him for a moment. After having
alighted at the Capont Hotel, he was put into a hackney
coach, still attended by two police officers, and conveyed
to the prison of the Senechal. '—Le Constitutionnil.
The Mentor packet, which arrived at Marseilles on the
30th of August, brought the Moniteur Ottomen of the
16th, the Journal de Smyrna of the 19th, and the Im-
partial, a new journal in the French language, of the
19th. The accounts from Constantinople are not very
interesting.
Lord Ponsonby had lately a long conference with Ri-
faat Pacha ; but nothing has transpired with respect to
the subject of their interview.
Great change will take place in a few months in the
principal legation. Lord Ponsonby, it is said, is making
preparations for his departure, and though nothing an-
nounces his recal, it is affirmed that he has expressed his
intention not to return to Constantinople. It is supposed
that he will be succeeded by Mr. Charles Begot.
Count Pontois expects with every courier leave of ab-
sence to return to France, for which he has applied to
his Court. It is affirmed that he, too, when he has once
gone away, will do all that depends on him not to return
to the Levant ; and, in this case, it is thought that M.
Bois-le-Compte will succeed him.
Lastly, Count Konigsmark, the Russian Ambassador,
having obtained leave of absence, will make use of it at
the b2ginning of October.—Le Commerce;
An enormous skate, according to the Brussels jour-
nals, was sold on Monday in the fishmarket at Ghent,
measuring 6 feet square, and weighing 1751b5.
The Emancipation of Toulouse mentions that last
week the receipts of the Savings' Bank there were 24,183
francs, and the disbursements 158,609 francs, thus show-
ing the severe distress, and perhaps distrust, which con-
tinues to prevail there.
The Marquis of Northampton has arrived at the Hotel
Bristol, place Vendome.
The Chevalier Peruzzi, Tuscan Minister, has left Paris
for Florence, and during his absence the Chevalier Bar-
.
gagli replaces him as Charge d'Affaires.
The Moniteur Parisien says:—" The conferences be-
tween the Belgian Commissioners and the French Go-
veinMent for a treaty of commerce will commence in a
few days. It will be remembered that last year, in the
negotiations' for a treaty of commerce with England,
Commissioners were appointed by the French Govern-
ment, and much time was bestowed without any result.
that difficulties may be promptly removed, three of the
On the present occasion, in order to prevent delay, and
Ministers, Messrs. Guizot, Humann, and Cunin Gridaine,
will treat directly with the Belgian Commissioners."
Mlle. de Dietz has commenced her tour under the most
favourable and distinguished auspices. When at Laval
she received a most gracious invitation from the Queen
to present herself at Eu, and display her talents before
the Royal Family. This flattering invitation was ac-
cepted with the feelings our admired pianist is known to
possess, and on the 28th ult. she executed several pieces
before her, Majesty, and the rest of the Royal Family,
whose praises were great, rendered still more valuable
by their own acknowledged taste and science. The
Queen, in token of her own and the general satisfaction,
presented the fair artist with a splendid gold neck-chain
enriched with pearls and diamonds.
A letter froni Dunkirk, 29th ult., says:—" This morn-
ing, at eleven, a fire broke out in the warehouses of M.
Hubert, which contained more than 150 pipes of spirits
of full strength. Not, only are these warehouses burn-
ing, but three neighbouring houses are entirely con-
sumed ; and, in order to prevent the extension of the ca-
' lamity, other houses have been pulled down."—A letter
from Lille of the next day gives the following later par-
ticulars :--" Seven houses became a prey to the flames.
Amongst the merchandise in store was a large quantity
of spirituous liquors, which added to the intensity of the
fire. The loss is estimated at 150,000 f. in buildings,
, I 50- 000 f. in furniture, and 200,000 f. in merchandise."
says the Moniteur Parisien, " by the appear-
., C,?nsiderable curiosiv was excited the day before
plersons, the father, the mother, a child of
yesterday,"
vent,age, and a female, apparently a ser-
who were all ~Iking in the middle of the river,
fianvceeoorfaitxbu;eara
w
loud and Asnieres, with the
core a sort of bathing-
dress,bweattwere between the
to bridgesthe
che os
chest.
S t.•
They
„ries as if they were
but their mode of walking
performing a gymnastic exercise. Wheri asked by the
spectators what they were doing, they made
..:43 reply,
but, placing their arms across their breasts, walked o.'l.
The King of Wurteinberg returned on the 27th ult.
to Stuttgardt. In passing through Graetz, in Styria, his
Majesty had an interview with the Emperor of Austria.
A Berlin correspondent writes that, at a late review
by the King of Prussia, his Majesty was much annoyed
by observing many of the spectators wearing enormously
large beards, and turning to one of the hirsute gentle-
men, he said with a significent gesture :—" Pray, Sir,
go and get yourself shaved, for here you run great risk
of having your beard singed."
Prince Odescalchi, who, three years ago, renounced
the purple of his Cardinalate, and retired into the Je-
suit's College at Modena, died there on the 17th ult., at
the comparatively early age of 55.
The Augsburg Gazette states that the Pope, according
to a letter from Rome, is about to perform a long-in-
tended visit of devotion to the shrine of the Virgin of
Loretto, which circumstances h ive hitherto prevented.
His Holiness is expected to leave Rome on the 9th inst.,
and, on his return to visit the Sanctuary of Fabrino, in
which are deposited the relics of Saint Romuald, patri-
arch of the Camaldules, and the church of Our Lady of
the Angels, which owes its restoration to the present
Pontiff.
The King has given 500 f. towards the monument •
which is to be erected at Bordeaux, by public subscription
to the memory of the late M. Henri Fonfrede.
The Minister of Public Instruction has named M.
Leclerc, President of the Academy of Inscription,
Messrs. Hese, Reynaud, and Libri, of the Institute, and
M. Denton, chief of the secretariat in the department of
public instruction, to be members of the Committee for
drawing up the general catalogue of MSS. in all the
public collections of France, those of Paris excepted.
The Hungarian papers state that the creation of a
national Hungarian Bank at Pesth has been authorised
by the Austrian Government.
The Swedish Government has issued an interdiction
against the publication of any translation from the
German of Strauss's " Life of Christ."
The Impartial of Smyrna relates that soon after sun-
set, on the 15th ult., a bright meteor passed across the
western horizon, leaving behind it two zig-zag trains
of great length, of paler hue, which lasted several mi-
nutes. The superstitious portion of the people considered
the phenomenon as indicating the approach of some re-
markable event.
The report of the Committee on the affair of the Con-
vents of Argau was made to the Swiss Diet in its sitting
of the 30th ult. It is as follows :-Ist. The convents,
respecting which the decree of suppression of Argau is
to be regarded as null, shall have all their constitutional
rights restored
; 2d. The three opinions annexed to thb
present report, as to the convents to be re-established in
their rights, as also the opposite opinion of a single
member of the Committee, shall be submitted to the
deliberation of the
Diet ; 3d. If the affair cannot be de-
cided during the present session, the Diet shall adjourn
to the 11th October, for the discussion of the question.
M. Neuhaus, President of the Diet, recommended that
this body should declare itself satisfied with the conces-
sions of the Canton of Argau. The opinions alluded to
above were modifications of the opinions of the majority.
more or less in favour of the radical party in Argau.
There was little doubt that the question would be ad-
jOurned, as the Berne papers state.
BOURSE—PARIS, SATURDAY, SEPT. 4.
Irst Highest Lowest I.ast
Price Price. Pric... Price
French 5 per Cents .......... 117 ... 117 05 ••• I'6 75 '" 116 75
4 per Cents 99 75 ... 99 75 94 75 99 75
3 per Cents. ex. div 77 4 77 40 ... 70 35 ... 35
Sank of trance 2222 50 -...3222 50 ...3222 50 ..!Mt be
Latina Bank I,ooof. Sharer 1020 ...IC2O
• 5,060(. Shares :3125 OtS ...5050
Belgian Bank
5 per Cents.
103 New Loan lO4 1, 4 104 104
Spanish Active
5.311 ‘..
-46 70 1'.;4 s'/O Neapolitan ..... 104 ^^ 10
•••
.....
RAILWAY ~111AREs.
3t. Germain
Versailles. L. 8......«. 5l 1U 210 ... 207 10 « 207
R. B ................. . 32.5 • 325 315 325
Slontpellier to Cette
215 ... 215 ... 215 ... .AS
,tr.isourg to Balcoharesred. 237 50 . 237 50 ... 437 50 ~. 237 50

ERRATUR.---1, was not Sir Charles Napier's,
but Colonel William Napier's Essay on the Poor-law,
which we adverted to as:printed in the Vindicator.

' A V
1141 Ael F

AND
ilubitt eptrito at.

" Who runs may read."

PON,EIGN.

'lhe news from France yesterday is not important
i'h. Courtier Francais presents its readers with the lot-
loving sketch of the Peel Cabinet, upon which our space
vii nut allow us to offer a word of comment :—" The
;iew Cabinet is not one of such pure breed as the ultra-
Dries could have desired ; neither is it farmed by the
.9alition of the moderate men of different shades who
,fretted the Tory party when in opposition. All the
,pposino• factions are represented from the converted
Whigs, like Lord Stanley, to the most thick and thin
Tories, like Sir E. Knatchbull. The Duke of Welling-
.on gives only his name to the Ministry. He takes no
Ace, and reserves to himself, probably, the task of
'seeping together those Ministers whose antecedents
have furnished the greatest contrasts. Lord Lynd-
hurst resumes the functions of Lord Chancellor.
gothing less would suffice for the direction in
the Lords, than the profound knowledge, activity,
tnd well-known dexterity of the Noble Lord. Mr.
Goulburn, who becomes Chancellor of the Exchequer, is
a man of very doubtful capacity, and will, doubtlessly,
be merely the instrument of Sir R. Peel. The Earl of
Ripon, who is a renegade in political economy, as well
as in politics, is at the head of the Board of Trade, and
we may venture to predict that he will commit more
than one blunder there. He it was who complained re-
cently, in the House of Lords, of the concessions to
France, stipulated for in the projected treaty of com-
merce between France and England. We see hoW little
fruit the example of Mr. Huskisson has borne. Lord
Ellenborough, who is to direct the affairs of India, is an
elegant talker ; but we question whether he be equal to
the post which he is to fill. As to Lord Stanley, who is to
be Secretary for the Colonies, he certainly does not want
talent, but is there no danger to be apprehended
for the department over which he is to preside, from
his irritable temperament ? Sir James Graham, who is
to be the Home Minister, is a madman, who sees double
in politics. Sir Robert Peel will have enough to do to
moderate the passions of these men. We have left to
the last our opinion of the new Foreign. Secretary, Lord
Aberdeen. The only motive for placing him in this dif-
dealt post is his long experience of diplomatic business.
Apart from this consideration, Lord Aberdeen is a very
ordinary man. He hates France, and has shown hatred
on all occasions since he last held office. He will not,
however, come to an open rupture with us, for the Duke
of Wellington and Sir Robert Peel are anxious to cover
their real dislike of France with a veil of friendship.
We may, however, expect from Lord Aberdeen • a
thousand annoyances and a pride and coldness in his,re-
lations with us bordering on hostility. Such is the Tory
Ministry for England and France. We have not gained
much by the change. Lord Aberdeen will, perhaps, be
less bold and violent than Lord Palmerston, but an un-
derhand conflict will continue on every point of the globe
between French and English interests."
The Sleek calls Lord Lyndhurst " the 'sycophantic
servant of the aristocracy," and Lord Elliot "the humble
shadow of the will of the Duke of Wellington." It adds:
—" There are, properly speaking, only three Ministers
in the new Cabinet—namely, Sir Robert Peel, the Duke
of Wellington, and Lord Stanley, but the latter aspiies
to the highest rank with the support of the Church. If
a rupture should take place in the Cabinet, Sir James
Graham, Sir Henry Hardinge, and the Duke of Buck-
ingham, will go over to his side. This is the first
danger of the new Ministry, for Lord Stanley will never
be satisfied so long as there shall be in the Cabinet any
man higher than himself."
An Alexandrian Correspondent of the Semaphore
states that the officers of an English frigate, which had
recently arrived from Beyrout, reported the Druses and
Maronites as having come to open hostilities against
each t:plie!; and that a good number of men had fallen

on both sides. It was al;-o
stated that the British Consul
at Jerusalem had retired to Jaffa., because one of his
Janissaries had been maltreated by the populace, and the
authorities had refused to give satisfaction.

Advices from Lisbon of the 30th ult. represent the
Algarves as very disturbed. GenEral Macdonnell, for-
merly of Don Miguel's service, was arrested on the 24th
ult. at Lisbon, and sent a prisoner to the Castle of St.
George. He was charged in the Chambers with being
privy to some Miguelite conspiracy.
The Emperor o Morocco has sent two ships of war
to exercise on the coast of Portugal. His Imperial Ma-
jesty threatens war unless Queen Donna Maria pays his
demand of 30,000 dollars.

From France, Spain, and Holland, the accounts of the
crops are favourable. The prices of grain are declining.

PAMLIAP/LENTARY.

The parties in the two Houses lust night changed their
places, the Duke of Wellington and the Tories occupy-
in.- the Ministerial, and Viscount Melbourne and the
Whigs occupying the Opposition benches.
Lord Lyndhurst took his seat on the Woolsack.
The Administration of Justice Bill went through a
Committtee.

On the Report, Lord Brougham proposed an amend-
ment not to allow more than one additional Chancellor,
which was negatived.
Lord Campbell moved to insert words which would
ensure the eligibility of Irish barristers of fifteen years'
standing under the Bill, but he consented to postpone it.

The bake of Wellington promised the Earl of Wick-
low, in calling his attention to the subject, that he would
inform his Right Hon. Friend the Secretary of State for
the Home Department, of the fact that the punishment
of Death Bill was not extended to Ireland.
In the Commons the Tories mustered in considerable
force; the Whig Radicals were but few. That Mr.
Wakley kept his old seat amongst the Tories was un-
doubtedly a mistake.
A number of election petiti ;ns were presented.
Lord Scarborough's Indemnity Bill was passed through
all its stages.
Dr. &wring and Mr. Roebuck severally gave notices
of motion relative to the Tariff and the correspondence
concerning M'Leod.

No new writs were moved for as some persons seem to
have expected. That cannot be done till the Bth.

Both houses rose at an early hour.

PUBLIC OPINION.

The Moi ning Chronicle thus defines the character of
the new Tory Administration :—" Sir Robert Peel com-
mences by sinning against the very first principles of
Government. His power, instead of being exercised for
the entire and general benefit, and resembling, in its in-
fluence, that sun which " shines alike on the evil and
the good," is to be wielded for the imagined benefit of
those who have been the means of placing him in office.
He is to rule for the landlord, as opposed to the manu-
facturer. He is to rule for the farmer, as opposed to the
a:tizan. He is to rule for the profit of the agricultural in-
terest, as opposed to that of the commercial. He is to rule for
the counties, as opposed to the cities. Such a Government
is a fraud. It commences with the very worst prin-
ciple of the very worst Government. It adopts and
fosters that system of class favouritism which has been
the cause of all the heart-burnings that have ever roused
a people against its rulers."—lt is impossible that a
Cabinet, constituted as Sir R. Peel's is, can ever adopt
an enlarged or decided system of policy. It has only
one bond of union—that of self-interest. Its ruling
principle will necessarily be, to support one part of the
country to the detriment of the other—to throw the
whole weight of its influence into the scale of the agri-
cultural interest, and do no more than it can possibly
help, to further the good of the commercial classes.
The Times speaks of the Tory Opposition—now the
Tory Ministry—in the following inflated terms of pane-
gyric :—" Never in the history of this nation was there
an Opposition more splendid, efficient, and constitutional,
than that which for some years has been headed by Sir
Robert Peel. The true secret of its strength is to be
found in its moral character. Abounding in talent and
eloquence of the first order, as it undeniably did—distin-
guished,' as it uniformly was, by just and enlarged views
of public policy—and exhibiting, as it never failed to do,
an admirable combination of moderation without feeble-
ness, and of vigilance without ungenerous partisan-
' ship—it, nevertheless, was indebted .or that gradual in-
crease of popularity which has at last placed it in power,
not so much to any or to all of the attributes we have
ascribed to it, as to the high political morality which, in
conjunction with those attributes, pervaded and hallowed
the whole course of its operations."—The " high political
morality" of Sir Robert Peel's party is a qualification
that it has yet to devel2pe—if it be not the most cutting
irony to allude to it ; for where is the " high political
morality" of Lord Ripon—of Lord Stanley—above all, of
Sir James Graham—who, of course, will materially con-
' tribute to give a tone to the new Cabinet ? " High po-
litical morality" is the most absurd phrase our Contem-
porary could possibly have applied to the Tories.
The Post says—" The new Administration of Great
Britain is fully disposed to put a favourable construction
on the acts of the French Government, and, while main-
taining British principles, and respect for establishe'd in-
stitutions everywhere, to co-operate cordially with France
in the advancement of the civilisation, the peace, and the
happiness of Europe." We have no faith in this assertion
when we remember that our Foreign Minister i• Lord
Aberdeen—an avowed disciple and ,;imitator of Metter-
nich, who has always been an advocate for stretching
Prerogative to its utmost limit.
The Advertiser sketches Sir Robert Peel's political
character, as follows :---" Sir Robert Peel is the same
man now he ever was. Considerations of abstract jus-
tice will never weigh with him ; they will never influ-
ence his conduct. In the present ease, we cannot even
expect anything from his notions of expediency. He
never secognises the claims of expediency, until they
have assumed an attitude which menaces the public
peace if any longer resisted. And consequently, as
the disposition of the public mind at present is, un•
happily, to repose in quiet, in the conviction that
Sir Robert Peel meditates some important measures
of political and commercial amelioration—he will bring
forward no such measures, so long as the national
mind remains in this tranquil and passive frame."—
It is only by a show of dogged and desperate determi-
nation on the part of the country, that Sir Robert Peel
will be induced to stir a step. He will reform only on
compulsion. Like Palinurus, he will slumbe • at the
helm, to the last moment, trusting to the apparent se-
renity of the weather. In a word, he is a day-after-the
fair Reformer, who will never yield till it is just too late,
and till concession has lost halt' its value and all its grace.
The Herald thus alludes to Lord John Russell's policy,
as respects our Australian colonies :—" In every one of
the Australian colonies Lord John Russell leaves some
vexatious question behind him. In New South Wales
there is the application of the land fund to purpose*
other than immigralion—a process which realises the
fable of killing the goose that lays the golden egg.
Then there is the projected division of that colony
into three dependencies—a suggestion exceedingly
unpopular at Sydney. In South Australia—the Wake-

field model colony I—his Lordship has broken the
condition on which the settlers went out, and has
been compelled to place it on the foandation of an ordi-
nary Crown 'colony—proceedings which will, doubtless,
heavily, disappoint the colonists, if they do not induce
them to emigrate elsewhere. In Western Australia his
Lordship's meddling Governor, Mr. Hutt, has been un-
necessarily introducing what are termed the new colo-
nial land principles to their fullest extent, to the great
annoyance of the older settlers. Ile has interfered in
every thing in which interference was needless, and has
not interposed where interposition would have been be-
neficial, by protecting the colonial whale fishery against
the depredations of the American whalers."
We quote the following from the Cambrian:—" Power
in this country is always unpopular. The very fact of
being in possession of the Government makes enemies of
thousands. A Jack in office is always an object of dis-
like and suspicion to John Bull. The Whigs lost influ-
ence merely because they were the Government. In a
short time Peel will be the magnet of similar feelings.
Notwithstanding all we have heard of the power of the
landed interest, the colonial interest, the shipping inte-
rest, and the manufacturing interest, we have a suspicion
that there is in this country an interest stronger than all,
and that is the Grumbling Interest."
The Hull Rockingham speaks in the following terms
of the new Ministerial appointments :—" We have not
much fault to find with these appointments, seeing that
a Tory Ministry is inevitable. The most objectionable
name is that of the Duke of Buckingham, but we sup-
pose it was necessary to conciliate the landed interest in
his person. How his determined support of the sliding
scale will be made to comport with the equally strong
predilection of Sir G. Murray for a fixed duty, remains
to be seen." _ .

The Livevpool Chronicle, commenting on " invariable
conduct of the Tories towards the people, observes:—
" They have no feeling for them, they have no sympathy
with them. They are suffering privation. They are
oppressed by poverty. They are afflicted by hunger, and
almost overwhelmed with famine. But what of that ?
What is all that to Tory legislators ? They buy their
seats in Parliament to serve themselves, and not the
people."

The Dublin Evening Post thus alludes to Sir Robert
Peel's late interview with the Queen :—" Eight minutes.
Short enough, in all conscience. But what had the

Queen to do but acquiesce? Where was the use in pro-
longing a disagreeable visit? Sir Robert came with his
list. Her Majesty cast her eye over it, and said yes.
What more did they want her to say ? One thing is
clear, she has not forgotten her dignity."
The British Mercury remarks, in an article suggested
by the new Ministerial appointnients :—" What, how-
eyer, stamps the character of the whole Cabinet, is the
.presence in it of the Duke of Buckingham. Most heart-
sickening is it to contemplate this appointment. It is a
direct challenge to the, starving masses—a throwing-
down of the gauntlet to the manufacturing and commer-
cial classes—and 'an insolent announcement that the tax
upon food will be maintained in all its vigour.
The Scotsman speaks of Lord John Russell's farewell
speech ih the House of Commons in the following terms :-
44 Lord John Russell's speech will be read with painful
interest by every friend to liberal government. It is
precisely such a speech as we should expect from a pat-
riotic Minister, who, having toiled to advance the best
interests of his country, has fallen, through the triumph
of popular ignorance and error, electoral dishonesty,
and factious combination."