The Sun.
London, England, 1847-09-30 00:00:00

RirgL4ll4ltl STIPTV,MTIE

Mon,teur of yesterday. By an ordonnance dated the
26th Marshal Soult is created Marshal-General of
France. This unexpected and singular promotion,
which is in itself a political event, gives us the solu-
tion of the enigma in the Ministerial farce of which
we have for several days been spectators This is the
secret of the affected resignation of the old Marshal—
the premium given for his disinterestedness. We
had great difficulty in comprehending how such a
fine sacrifice could be made by the obstinate and
tenacious old man, who never resigned any of
his high positions without having in view something
better. The 3foniteur, however, explains the
matter. The Marshalship-General is given to M.
Soult for retiring to his opulent retreat, to console the
ambitious Lieutenant,the insatiable Minister, who, being
already mounted on the summit, aspired to rise still
higher. What can be said to this species of neolo-
gism, this rarely-used title, revived from the old
regime, introduced by an ordonnance into the voca-
bulary of the high dignitaries of the State ? What
is to be understood by this intrusion into the Alma-
nach-Royal of a Marshal-General of France ? Is
there not in this something hypocritical—something
of an ill-disguised trickery, in order to attain, under
another name, a re-establishment of the office of Con•
stable ? This is evidently the end proposed. Too
prudent to attempt to gain it at one step, M. Guizot
wishes to reach it by one of those bye- ways which
are so familiar to him, and thus stifle by slow degrees
in a lingering death the levelling genius of 1830."
There can be little doubt that both M. GUIZOT
and his master would be rejoiced to stifle the genius
of 1830. The Constitutionnel considers the appoint-
ment as preliminary to the revival of the office of
Constable for the Due D'AUMALE. After declaring
that the appointment is contrary to law, inasmuch as
the law does not confer on the KING the right to
create places, the Constitutionnel thus proceeds :--
"It is true that the commentary, with which the
official journal accompanies the ordinance, invokes, in
default of a legislative text, two precedents of the
ancien regime. It is endeavoured to justify the dis-
tinction accorded to Marshal Soult, by recalling to
mind that Marshal de Turenne in 1660, and Marshal
de Villars in 1732, were the object of a distinction of
that kind. We are the first to recognise the military
services of Marshal Soult, but it seems to us that the
great illustrations with which he is so imprudently
associated form a dangerous neighbourhood for his
glory, and that they eclipse more than they protect
it. Moreover, at that time there was the regime of
good pleasure there was no constitution which
limited the exercise of the Royal will ; no law
which regulated the staff of the army, leaving only
to the executive power the choice of the titulars.
But that is not the case in our time. An invincible
tendency is, however, entertained for the superan-
nuated forms of the ancien regime, and the appear-
ances of what cannot be obtained in reality are most
earnestly sought for. Louis XIV. would not re-esta-
blish the dignity of Constable, but as he desired to
recompense in the person of Turenne the great captain
, and the great citizen, he invented for him the title of
Marshal-General, which became extinct with him.
Louis XV. renewed it for Villars, about to start for
Italy in 1732, in order to give him the right of com-
manding the other Marshals, and of enlightening
them by his experienee. Marshal Soult, already full
of honours, has desired a plaything for his old age ;
and so the Government, not daring to do more than
Louis XIV., has renewed for him that which was
done for Turenne and Villars. People will not be
wanting who, 23 things are proceeding, will see in
this creation a dignity superior to that of the Mar-
shalship, something more than a satisfaction given to
an old man, and will perceive in it some design. One
may suppose that the dignity once created will not
die away, and that the successor of Marshal Soult
may be taken from among the members of the Royal
Family. Thus the objection of people who demand
what a Prince can become after having been Go-
vernor-General of Algeria is resolved. The dignity
of Marshal-General will serve for a transition, for a
planche d'essai, to the office of Grand-Admiral, and
Grand-Master of Artillery, which the post of Grand
Almoner, very nearly passing from a dream to a
reality, caused to be foreseen."
The National, in reply to the question what is a
Marshal-General, says—
" We know not; we have been told indeed that
Turenne and Villars obtained this title as a reward
from Louis XIV., but we ought at the same time to
have been informed what this title brings with it, and
of what attributes and functions it is the sign. The
law regulating the staff of the army does not mention
it, and it appears to us on the first blush to be suffi-
ciently audacious to create by an ordinance a dignity
which the law does not acknowledge. What do we
say ? It is not audacity, it is weakness. As a re-
ward for the great actions and deeds of valour which
are recorded in the War office amongst Marshal
Soult's services, a design had been formed to confer
on him a more elevated, a more solemn, and particu-
larly a more distinct title—that of Constable. A
enniatni-ac. sit% _cm rthe tb*,:libat" LT LTIV
King. Ile possesses, like the King, his peculiar
jurisdiction, and every person receiving wages from
the King, from the officers of the palace to the common
policeman, is bound to contribute a day's pay to his
support. We are sufficiently acquainted with Mar-
shal Soult's character to be persuaded that the latter
privilege would be perfectly indifferent to him, but
the possession of the others would, it is said, have
much gratified him. Well, the Government dared
not offer him that consolation ! He must therefore
rest satisfied, like Turenne, with the simple title of
Marshal-General.' We, for our part, do not well
comprehend the scruples of the Court. They do not
arise from a respect for the law, inasmuch as the law
does not authorise the restoration of that title more
than another. Did the Government fear the sar-
casms of the press and of the public ? Assuredly
they will not spare the Marshal-General'' more than
they would the Constable. What, in fact, is the
meaning of this renewal of all the fripperies of the
ancient regimes We had already the Duke Chan-
cellor Pasquier, the Marshal Duke of Isly, and se-
veral other grotesque characters. At present Marshal
Soult is added to them. To-morrow we shall be
given some Colonel-General of cavalry, and subse-
lquently some Grand
Is
to figure near the
Great Almoner. This s called returning to the tra-
ditions of the ancient monarchy, and consolidating
the foundation, already so strong, of the establish-
ment of July. Profound and ingenious restorers!
Long- sighted politicians ! True statesmen ! Tell us
before which of your waggeries we ought to draw
inasmuch a
add to
i t
thera respectss-s the
the curtain."
Marshal SOULT himself must feel annoyed at this
draws ill-timed act of courtesy,
will not ad
attention of the public to certain of his antecedents,
the recollection of which
in which his character is held. The Siecle asks—
" If Marshal Soult had not disowned the Emperor,
and carried a wax candle under the Restoration ; if
he had not covered by a cowardly complaisance, royal
irresponsibility under the present rule, and with
Ministries the most different; if, in short, there only
remained the useful, the honoured part of his career,
would it have entered the idea of the Government to
bestow upon him an extraordinary title, and would
there have been found a soldier in the army, a citizen
in the country, who would have dared to say that
Marshal Soult deserved to be elevated to a rank of
fortune and honour which had been occupied neither
by Marshal Davoust, nor Marshal Lannes, nor the
intrepid Ney, nor Massena, the greatest of all ?"

The Conservateur, in defending the appointment o
the Due D'AuMALE to Algeria is exceedingly bitter
against the Presse. " You affirm," says the Con-
servateur, -addressing that journal; " you affirm
that this nomination is a fault, because, if the Duke
D'AUMALE is neither more clever nor more lucky
than his predecessors, the father, or, in other words,
the KING, will be reached, notwithstanding the
Ministerial responsibility, by the want of success of
the son. We know no iniquity more audacious than
this assertion. Thus, beforehand, the Presse admits
as true that, if the Duke D'AUMALE fails in his
mission, the fault may be imputed to the KING !
Suppose that the prevision of the Presse should be
realised, the National, the Riforme, and the Gazette
de France, the Radicals and the Legitimatists, may,
with the sanction of a journal which has been Con-
servative up to the last session, and dynastic up to
the present day, carry back to the KING the respon-
sibility of a mischance."

Undoubtedly the National and the other journals
will act as the Conservateur imagines, and the
Radicals and Legitimatists ought to feel particularly
obliged to the Conservateur for thus taking note of
the important admission of their dynastic contempo-
rary.

The Duke D'AUNIALE left St. Cloud at eight o'clock
en Monday morning for the station of the Bourges
Railroad, and will proceed by Marseilles to Toulon,
where he will arrive in time to embark' on the 2d of
the next month for Algeria. His Royal Highness,
who travels in strict incognito, is accompanied by
Colonel Baron JAMIN, Deputy, his aide-de .camp, and
Lieutenant-Colonel the Marquis DE BEAUFORT
D'HAuTrouL, and Captain DOUBRET, of the staff, his
orderly officers. The Duchess D'AUMALE will, it is
believed, join the Governor-General in the course of
November, with the young Princes their sons. The
Duke DE MoNTFENsum accompanied his royal brother
to the station.

The Conservateur has the following announcement
of an arrangement of the differences between Austria
and Rome :

"It is announced that au arrangement has been

concluded, by the medium of the Count de Lutzow,
the Austrian Ambassador at Rome, between the Pon-
tificial Government and the Cabinet of Vienna, rela-
tive to the right of Austria to keep a garrison at
Ferrara. According to ,his arrangement Austria, it
is said, is to renounce interferin: in the police and
governmental affairs of the town, and all the interior
posts of Ferrara are to be evacuated by the Austrians
and occupied by the Pontifical soldiers; the contin-
gent of 300 Swiss is to be appropriated to that ser-
vice. Cardinal Ferretti, it is said, has demanded and
obtained, in the name of the Holy Father, that the
right of garrison by Austria shall be restricted to the
citadel, with the faculty for the commander of the
troops to lodge them, if necessary, in the old convents
of Santa Catterina, Santo Benedetto, and Santo Do-
minico, situated outside the citadel, and of which it
has been admitted that Austria could claim the dis-
posal ; besides, it has been recognised by Austria that
the occupation of these external posts has for its only
object to protect the military service of the troops.
This arrangement, which has, it is said, obtained the
approbation of the Pope, only requires, in order to
become definitive, that of the Austrian Government,
which was expected from Vienna."
The Journal des Debats concludes an article on the
financial crisis, with the following on the subject of
the loan :

" Under these circumstances, what conclusion will
the Minister of Finance adopt relative to the loan of
350,000,0001, which he has been authorised to con-
tract by a Bill passed in the month of August last.?
The entire financial world is occupied with this in-
quiry. The Alinister is aware of this fact, and will
no doubt shortly adopt a decision. He will use his
own discretion, and it is not we who would hazard
an advice. He may, if he please, defer the adjudi-
cation. Treasury Bonds, notwithstanding the interest
has been reduced to 41 per cent., are eagerly sought
after by capitalists, and the Treasury has to provide
for no serious demand before the month of December,
or rather before the 22d of March next, which is,
everybody knows, the day on which the interest of
the Five per Cents. is paid. Nor is anybody ignorant
of the fact, that the Three per Cent. Rentes figure in
our budget for a sum less than 70,000,0001. But
if the Government adopts such a resolution it should
make the declaration public, in order that the country
may not be left in expectation of an event which it
had determined to adjourn. Whatever it in its wisdom
may decide should be communicated to the public at
an early opportunity."
M. RESSIGEAC and M. GERMANES, two Conserva-
tive candidates, were elected Deputies—the former
at Carcasonne by 191 votes, and the other at Avignon,
by 335. The Opposition candidates obtained--M.
SARRANS 120 votes, and Al. OLIVIER 198.
The 21Toniteur publishes a notice of the Consul-
General of Spain at Perpignan, stating that the mail
which left that town on the 17th instant was inter-
cepted and burnt on the 18th, between Girona and
Figueras, by a band of Carlists, commanded by the
Cabecilla Marsal.

A reform banquet took place on Sunday, at Meaux,
for the purpose, as one of the Liberal papers expresses
it, "of protecting devotedness to the country's in-
stitutions, love of progress, and aversion to.
wards the present system of Government."
Seven hundred and fifty persons took part in
the banquet, which was presided over by
M. DOUIIOULIN-DULYS. M. ODILON BAaROT, M.
DROUIN DE L'HUYS, M. LARABIT, M. G. LAFAYETTE,
M. 0. LAFAYETTE, M. F. DE LASTEYRIE, and M. I.
DE LASTEYRIE, all Deputies, were present, as were
also a great many public functionaries and eminent
persons of the department. Speeches of the usual
character on such occasions were delivered, and were
received with great enthusiasm.
A funeral service for the late M. FREDERIC SOULIE
was performed on Monday at the church of Sainte
Elizabeth, which was crowded with the friends of the
deceased, persons connected with literature and others.
The pall was held by MM. VICTOR Hugo, Peer of
France, Baron TAYLOR, SAINTINE, and BuLoz. After
the ceremony in the church, the remains were removed
for interment to the cemetery of Pore la Chaise,
where M. VICTOR HUGO, in the name of the Society
of Dramatic Authors, pronounced a funeral oration.
AL VICTOR Huuo's oration was listened to throughout
with intense interest. When it was concluded Baron
TAYLOR made a speech in the name of the Society of
Artists, and was followed by M. BERAUD, the per-
sonal friend of the deceased, who pronounced a last
adieu to the man whom he called his biother. M.
AnoLpun DUMAS and M. BELMONLET next recited
some verses prepared for the occasion. M. DE SAL-
VANDY, the Minister of Pubic Instruction, was to
have pronounced an oration in the name of the So-
fitaiielerleciM Itriaktneys u.L4EirfaVirolx.",---wh.`o
made a very appropriate speech. M. ALEXANDRE
DUMAS was called upon by several persons to speak,
but his emotion was so great that he could only shed
tears.

An announcement has been made by the Chamber
of Commerce of Marseilles that the Board of Health
of Leghorn having been apprised that the cholera
had appeared in different ports of the Sea of Azoff,
had increased the period of quarantine on vessels ar-
riving thence from 7 to 14 days.
The Paris Bourse was more firm on Tuesday than
on the preceding day. The Three per Cents. closed
at 75f. 56c.; the Five per Cents., 114 f. 80c. ;
the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,165 f. ; Rouen, 906 f.
25c. ; Havre, 537 f. 40c. ; Great Northern, 520 f. ;
Avignon, 523 f. 75c.; Vierzon, 537 f. 50c. ; Bor-
deaux, 450 f.; Boulogne, 345 f.; Troyes and Mon-
tereau, 250.; Dieppe, 250 f.; Basle, 160 f.; Paris and
Strasbourg, 385 f.; Tours and Nantes, 365 f. ; Paris
and Lyons, 375 f. ; Lyons and Avignon, 453 f. 75c.;
Spanish Three per Cents., 25.

BUSINESS DOVE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, SErnotaaa 29.
Boulogne and Amiens, 121/2—Northern of France, 10%
—Paris and Lyons, s—. Paris and Rouen, 35%—Rouen and
Havre, 201/2.

MIDDLESEX SESSIONS.
(THIS DAY.)
Pin the absence of the Assistant Judge, Mr.
WALESA! presided.

James Roberts, who had been reared and educated
at the Deaf and Dumb Asylum, in the Old Kent-
road, was indicted for stealing half•a-crown and other
moneys, the property of Susannah Oliver, from her
person.

A jury was empannelled to decide upon the ability
of the accused•to plead to the indictment, when, after
hearing evidence, they returned a verdict to the effect
that he was incapable of pleading, inasmuch as he was
deaf and dumb by the visitation of God.
A person having been sworn to interpret the evi-
dence to the prisoner, the prosecutrix stated that, on
the night of Saturday, the I.sth inst., she was in a
pawnbroker's shop, in Ayr-street-hill, when she ob-
served the prisoner, who stood beside her, put his
hand into her pocket and take the above sum out of it.
The prisoner, who displayed considerable ingenuity
in his cross-examination of the prosecutrix through
the interpreter, put in a lengthened written defence,
which he wrote with great rapidity and apparent
facility in the dock, in which he protested his inno-
cence.

The jury returned a verdict of Guilty, and the
prisoner was sentenced to three months' imprison-
ment.

James Evans, a well known character, who, under
the pretence of being what is termed a " bone
grubber," carried on an extensive system of plunder,
was indicted for stealing a quantity of lead, brass, and
iron work, the property of Messrs. Hoare and Mason.
He was found Guilty, and sentenced to six months'
imprisonment and hard labour.

THAMES.—(THIS DAY.)
A well-dressed elderly gentleman, who gave his
name as Joseph Large, and stated that he was pos-
sessed of independent property, and resided at Streat-
ham, was charged with being drunk.
Police-constable, II 128, stated that he found him
drunk, about seven o'clock yesterday evening, near
Whitechapel Church, and Mr. Yardley was about to
inflict the usual fine, when
Inspector Scott, of the H division, said, I think it
right to state to your Worship that I took 58 sove-
reigns from him last night, and I really do not think
him capable of taking care of it even now—(Mr. Large's
demeanour in the dock certainly substantiated this)
more especially as he was bailed out ; and this morn-
ing two notorious characters followed him to the
Court, and are hanging about here now, and he has a
long way to go.—(Here two men were observed to
make a hasty exit at the back door of the Court.) I
understand him to be an eccentric character, and his
friends are not here. Ile is, however, well known at
Streatham, and if he would be conveyed safe to that
place he would be taken care of.
Mr. YARDLEY then said he would not inflict a fine,
but let the money be applied another way. He di-
rected that a cab should be procured, and a police-
man in plain clothes should accompany him to his
residence.

MADAME CELESTE.—The fair Manager of the
Adeiphi is at present delighting the lovers of the drama
in the provinces by her impassioned impersonations.
The enthusiasm she has excited throughout her provin-
cial tour has been unbounded. She gives, at the Bir
mingham theatre this evening, the first of a series of
eight performances, and on the 9th of October she COEI.
mences an engagement fora week at Manchester.