The Sun.
London, England, 1847-02-04 00:00:00

THE SUN,_ LONDON, THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY

I4ER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. MRS. GORE'S NEW WORK.
The following outline of the ARRANGEMENTS for the SEASON Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
1847 is respectfully submitted to the Nobility, Patrons of the Opera, fl
EMPTALUWAN AND ATONEMENI'.
and to the Public. it is presented with the confident hope, that the
By Mrs. GORE.
successful ex !rtictis made to secure. under circumstances of peculiar Authoress of
Theatre in "
difficulty, a ooinpany still more worthy of the first
iimmt
on Mothers and Daughters," " The Banker's Wife," &c.
Europe, and &its distinguished Patrons will insure the coi Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough street.
of their support.
ENGAGEMENTS FOR THE OPERA. RAILWAY SHARES BY PUBLIC SALE.
IVIESSAS. LAMOND and Co., RAILWAT
Mdlle. Jenny Lind (her first appearance in this country), Madame
del Carmen Montenegro (her first appearance at this Thfierasttrae).;
Fagiani, and Madame Solari (their p SHARE AUCTIONEERS, beg to thank their Friends
einusedalessupopfornt
allasiwdaypatros
Mollie. Stanchion, Mdlle,
pearance in this country) ; the Contralto, Mdile. Yietti and Mdlle. ro.
antnh3eutlce'ublltchattbrthetniretr
pucobiiiit
Daicascio (their first appearance in this country) ; and 3laclaine aShares,e &a .d,
flastellan. Signor Fraschini, the great Tenor of Italy (his first ap- , take__
of
Place every Tuairear and Flt LIDA, at One o'clock, at tlic
pearance in this country) ; and the favourite Tenor, Signor Gardoni,
!lanCornuieru, Threadneedle-street, London, to which place,
wof the Italian Opera, Paris, having lately withdrawn, at a great favours, containing instructions (with a reference), are respectfttlly
ipecuniary sacrifice; from the Academie Royale de IVlnsultle (his first j leg/tested to be addressed.
ance in this country) ; Signor Superchl, the distinguished All scrip and Share Certificates mast be deposited, the day
appearßaritone (his first appearance in this country); Signor F. Lablache ; previous to their being offered ; and advices of results will be
signor Borella (his first appearance in this country) ; Signor Corelli ; I brwarded by the first post after the sale, and the proceeds 'male-
the celebrated lia3tto Cantante, Herr Staudigl (his first appearance); Gately disposed of according to hastrcctions.
and signor Lablache. In addition to the above, arrangements are i Ofilccs, Mall of Commerce, Threadneedle-street. London.
pending with Signor Coletti, of the Italian Opera at Paris. ---
That great composer, the Chevalier Meyerbeer, has arranged to
visit this country, to bring out the CAMP DE SILESIE, and
another of his admired chefs-d'oeuvre ; the principal parts in the
Camp de Silesle, by Mae. Jenny Lind and Signor Fraschini.
The celebrated Dr. Pelts 3lendelssohn Bartholdy will likewise
visit England, and produce an Opera expressly composed for her
Majesty's Theatre, the libretto founded on THE TE3IPEST of
Shakspere ; written by M. Scribe.
Miranda..
Ferdinand • • ..
Caliban .......
Prospero •••••••• •• • • • • Sig. Lablache.
It is likewise announced, with great satisfaction, that Signor Verdi,
having recovered from his severe illness, has expressly composed for
this theatre a new Opera, of which the plot is founded on the ROB-
BERS ef SCIIILLER.
Rossini's Opera of ROBERT BRUCE, lately produced at the Aca-
demie Royale, has also been secured.
Mesdames Castellan, Sanclsioli, and Montenegro ; Signora Gar-
den!, Superchi, and Fraschini, will appear before Easter.
Mdlle. Jenny Lind, whose engagement commences in March, and
extends until the end of the season, will appear immediately after
Easter.

THE WEATHER—SUN OFFICE, FEBRUARY 3.
TnEn.nomvrint, Lowest, 30; Highest, 39 ; Noon, 34

BAROMETER, 29 96.—'WIND N.N.W., rain and sleet.

ifrGti WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE TElls
Morning .. 17 minutes after 4. I Evening .. 35 minutes after 4.

Director of the Music and Coniuctor, Mr. BALFE.
In addition to the above, several Operas, new to this country, will
be produced, and the repertoire will be selected from the chef§•
d'ceuvro of Mozart, Cimarosa, Rossini, Douizettl, Mercadante, Bel.
UM, &c.

The strictest attention has been paid to all the details, so that an
ensemble may be prestatted perfect in all its parts.
A NUMEROUS ORCIiESTRA,
_ . . .

of the most distinguished talent and power, has been selected from
some of the best Orchestras of Europe.
TIIE CHORUS has been chosen with the greatest care from Italy,
Germany, and England ; and will comprise upwards of Eighty Per-
formers.

ROYAL SURREY THEATRE.
Lessee, Mrs. Frances Davidge.
THIS EVENING
Will be performed a new Drama, entitled RALY RATTLER; or,
The Progress of a Scamp. Characters supported by the whole
stgength of the Company.
To conclude with a grand fairy Pantomime, called THE KING
OF THE CASTLE ; or, Harlequin in the Land of Dreams. Har-
lequin, Herr Deulin ; Pantaloon, Herr R. Deulin ; Columbine, Mdile.
Theodore ; Clown, Herr N. Deulin ; Punch, Herr E. Deulin.

the ruinous effect that the diminution of the
duty on rum would have on the distilling
trade throughout Ireland, and to claim, on
grounds of justice and sound policy, that
the projected diminution of duty should be of a te.n-
porary, and nct of a permanent character." Hitherto
the extraordinary duty charged on rum has nearly
banished it from the Irish market. In 1809, the
average annual consumption of rum in Ireland
amounted to no less than one million gallons, whereas
for the last four or five years it has diminished to
thirteen thousand, twelve thousand, and even eleven
thousand gallons in each year: this was owing chiefly
to the duty being Gs. Bd. per gallon higher than that
on spirit manufactured in Ireland. It was not for
the purpose of encouraging the consumption of
ardent spirits, or the trade of the distiller in that
country, that the duty on Irish spirits was fixed at
the low rate of 2s. Bd. per gallon ; of all articles
it was that which might most justly be taxed,
and the diminution in the production of which would
be hailed with the greatest delight by the philan-
thropist. But its use could not be wholly abolished,
or even materially checked, by any amount of tax-
ation, or any restrictive measures. An attempt to do
so would inevitably lead to illicit distillation on a
gigantic scale, and the demoralisation of vast num-
bers of the peasantry—indeed of all classes of
society. As the Chancellor of the Exchequer
most truly stated, " the only limit to the
amount of duty on spirits is the risk of illicit dis-
tillation ;" the measure of the duty should therefore
be the facilities and opportunities afforded in each of
the countries for the production of contraband spirits.
This varies materially in different localities, for while
7s. 10d. per gallon can be levied in England, it was
found that 3s. Bd. was the maximum that could he
obtained in Scotland, while any attempt to raise a
higher duty than 2s. Bd. in Ireland was invariably
defeated, and led to the most injurious results to the
fair trader, and occasioned the working of an in-
credible number of potteen stills, and almost universal
breaches of the Excise•laws in that country. For
that reason, therefore, and that reason only, the
duties in the several parts of the United Kingdom
were fixed at 7s. 10d., 3s. Bd., and 2s. Bd. respec-
tively, and a great boon was thus given to the Irish
distillers, which it is not desired or intended to take
from them.
The reduction now about to be made in the duties
on rum is a just debt due to our West Indian
colonists. They are our fellow-subjects, and entitled
to all the rights and privileges of British citizens.
Up to the last session of Parliament a certain pro-
tection was afforded to the staple commodities of the.
West India islands, which was than withdrawn for
the general benefit of the entire kingdom:; the colonists
had a just claim for the abolition of all injurious
restrictions on the use of their produce. It should,
in justice to them, have been contemporaneous with
the withdrawal of protection. But, although the
equity of the claim was acknowledged, and a Minis-
terial, indeed a legislative, promise given forttheir re-
lief, the measures calculated to effect the object were
necessarily postponed to the present time. A
differential duty of sixpence per gallon, it was,
on due investigation, found, might justly be retained
as an equivalent for the disadvantages to which the
home distillers are subjected by the Excise regula-
tions, and that is given to the Irish and Scotch as
well as to the English distiller; and, therefore, none
have any just cause of complaint. If the Irish dis-
tillers sought an abolition of the restrictions on the
use of Irish spirit in this country, and that (on pay-
ment of the difference of duty) the same freedom of
transit from Ireland to England should be
allowed that is now sanctioned from one part of Ire-
land to another, their claim would receive the sup-
port to which it was justly entitled, and its concession
would lead to a great increase in the quantity of Irish
spirits consumed in this country.

Holland the entire possession of Sumatra, anti to England
that of the peninsular of Molacca. It confirms the rights of
Great Britain to Singapore and the abandonment of all pre-
tensions on her part to the islands situated to the south of
that establishment; it stipulates the reciprocal admission of
the vessels and subjects of the two Powers to all their pos-
sessions, except the Moluccas; it treats of the Celebes, Timor,
Ceram, of little isles like Battam, Bintang, or Lingin, but it
says not a word of Borneo, and contains nothing which can
apply to the present matter. In even reading attentively the
treaty, and the documents annexed to I', in studying their
spirit, and seeking to explain the results which they are
destined to produce, it is difficult for an impartial mind not
to arrive at the conclusion that in what concerns Borneo and
the isles dependent on it, the intention of the negotiators was
to reserve the question, or still better, to allow it to follow its
natural course without making it the object of any particular
stipulation, and to have recourse for the future to the pre-
scriptions of the law of nations."

The debate in the Chamber of Deputies on the Address
commenced on Monday, but as the Address is debated
paragraph by paragraph, it is supposed that the discus-
sion on the Spanish marriages will not take place until
Thursday. The following addition to the paragraph in
the Address on the Montpensier marriage will be pro-
posed by MM. BILLAULT and Durauna
" If, on the occasion of that event, any difference has ma-
nifested itself between your Government and that of a
neighbouring people, France has a right upon reckoning that
the good relations shall be re-established, without costing
anything either to her interests or her dignity."
On Monday, M. ROGER (du Nord) opened the de-
bate by censuring the conduct of the Ministry, in regard
to the occupation of Cracow, as wanting in dignity; he
was followed by M. DESMONVEAUX DE GIVRE, who de-
fended the Ministerial policy with regard to Cracow ;
and after a speech from M. GARNIER PAGES, the general
discussion closed, and the first paragraph of the Address
was agreed to.
The Three per Cents. fell 60c. on the Paris Bourse on
Monday, apprehensions being entertained that public
tranquillity might be disturbed in that capital in conse-
quence of the increased price of bread. As measures of
precaution, the military posts had been doubled and the
troops had been confined to their barracks.

The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on
Monday at 77f. 70c. ; the Five per Cents., 117 f. 80c.;
the Otzleans Railroad Shares, 1,220 f. ; Rouen, 875 f.
Havre, 680 f. ; Great Northern. 606 E 25c ; Avignon, 820 f. ;
Vierzon, 570 f. ; Bourdeaux, 540 E; Basle, 205 E; Paris and
Strasburg, 4701.; Tours and Nantes, 466 f. 25c.; Paris and
Lyons, 487 f. 50c.; Lyons and Avignon, 4801. ; Bourdeaux
and Cette, 450 f. ; Spanish Three per Cents., 34.
MARSEILLES, JAN. 27. Marseilles and Avignon, 842 f.
50c. ; Northern, 620 f.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, FEBRUARY 2.
Central of France (Orleans and Vierzon), 12% —Dutch Rhenish,
4—East Indian, 36—Great Southern of Madras, I,6—Namur and
Liege, 23,6—Northern of France, 121,6—Orleans and Bordeaux, 7
Sambre and Meuse, 6%—Tours and Nantes, 3}6.

It ►ill be remembered that one of the first acts of the
Provisional Government of Geneva, after the late revolu-
tion, was to declare that it would hold the members of
the last Council re:ponsible for all the damage caused by
the troops in the attempt to resist the-insurrection. The
amount of damage having been estimated at 42,000 f.,
the members of the late Council were ordered to pay it.
They refused, on the ground that their condact in the
insurrection was imposed upon them by the law for the
preservation cf public order; but a decree having been
obtained from the tribunal for immediate payment, they
yielded to force, and paid the money. A few days ago
several of the citizens of Geneva held a meeting for the
purpose of raising a subscription to repay the sum thus
unjustly wrung from the members of the late Govern-
ment. The latter, however, have, in an address to their
fellow-citizens thanking them for their sympathy, de-
clined receiving the proposed reimbursement.

Madad papers to the 26th ult. have arrived. They
cont in no intelligence. No Ministry bad beentformed
up to that date.

MADRID BOLSA, JAN. 26.—The Three per Cents.
closed on that day at 31 15.16; the Five per Cents. at
21 15-16; C.tupons at 181.

Accounts from Constantinople, dated 13th January,
announce that the Circassians hare gained a brilliant
victory over the Russians. On the 19th December they
stormcd Marquki, having completely defeated /he Rus-
sians, and killed great numbers of them. The loss of
the Circassians was 300 men. When the accounts left
they were preparing to attack Abouhour.

We have received the Paris papers of Monday.
The note of M. GUIZOT, in reply to Lord PALMERS•
TON, is the subject of comment in all of therm. The
Debats, the Epoque, and the Presse are the only
papers that support M. GulzoT, and it is easy to judge
of the necessity to which they ate reduced, when we find
the Epoque actually praising M. GUIZOT for the " can-
dour, uprightness, and frankness" which he has ex-
hibited from the beginning t) the end of there nego-
tiations. The Opposition papers of all shades 'consider
this last note as a failure. The Constitutionszel says
of it—

r• There is nothing new in this fresh pleading of ➢f. Guizot,
no serious refutation of the conclusions so clearly to 1)t) drawn
from the documents produced by each party ; nothing can
be more empty than this last document, drawn up ns if by
a Procureur, who fancies he is refuting arguments 'by pre-
tending not to have heard them."
The Sicie comments on it in the same strain, and
adds the following:—
" M. Guizot devotes a great portion of his dispatch to
prove to Lord Palmerston that it is the latter who, by direct-
ing several of his criticisms against the acts attribn ted by
him to inviolable persons, has dictated the principle art Emitted
iu England as in France, that the King can do no wrong.
This argument would make a good article in the columns of
the Journal des Dibats ; but it is not the less true that the
only means of seriously carrying this principle into practice
is never to speak either of the acts or personal opiniaus of the
Prince, and to deliver up to controversy only the ;acts and
opinions of the Government."

The Commerce considers the conduct of M. 4G UIZOT
from the moment Lord PALMERSTON entered office to
be proof that the French Minister, and the with
whom he was acting, were engaged in an intrigue to
overthrow the Whigs and to bring back the Toees.
The Quolidienne and the France are to the full as
severe in their strictures on M. GUIZOT as the liberal
papers are. Speaking of the justification offered by
the Deka for M. GUIZOT'S reserve to Lord NOR-
MANDY, the France says—

" Nothing authorised M. Guizot to reveal his sal ets to
the English Ambassador; nothing prescribed an imp-rudent
confidence in the man charged viith the support of ri val in-
terests; but there is a distinction between the reserve com-
manded by policy and the mesquineries and falsehoods dis-
avowed by a sense of dignity, which M. Guizot appoars to
have disregarded."

The Presse is outrageous with England for -.taking
possession of Labuan; and, following in the wake of the
National of the preceding day, splutters a vast de:il about
the violation by England of the treaty of 1824,1 u such
taking possession. It is evident, however, fro m the
manner in which the subject is treated, that the It :arned
Theban who wrote the article has never read the treaty.
This argument from the treaty of 1824, which wat; used
by the National of Sunday, is disposed of by the Jinzrnal
des Debats in the following satisfactory manner r—
"All the argumentation of the National consists in this
—the occupation of the island of Labuan by England is an
usurpation committed in direct violation of the treaty passed
in London on March 17, 1824, between England and. Hol-
land, of which latter country the treaty guarantees tag rights
1 over Labuan. The National appears to think aat we
are ignorant of the existence of this treaty, andi of the
representations which the journals of the Maggie and
Batavia, in grounding themselves on it, have put forward
whenever there was a question of Labuan. It is nm•staken.
As we said on Saturday, it is a long time since Vita matter
has been projected, and however ill-informed we :may be
thought, it is not reasonable to suppose that some neat
the discussion that has arken in England and 801 l and on
this subject should' not have reached us. Far from. that, we
desired to search into the matter ourselves, and we 'aaye done
what the National ought undoubtedly to have dime before
launching forth somewhat rashly into the quest.4.ori. We
have read the treaty of 1524, the basis of the diseu. isi on and
of the rights of both parties. 'We have it at this; :moment
before us, and we affirm that in none of its 17 articles is it
possible, unless one is blinded by personal inter( ;at or by
foolish passions, to find anything that is contrai:y to the
creation of English establishments at Labuan, or e stem in the
independent part of Borneo. This treaty, which re gm fates at
present in a sovereign manner the respective sits tat ions of
England and Holland in the Malay archipelago, iillows to

MAGAZINES CONTINUED.
DOUGLAS JERROLD'S.

By far the most important article in the present
number is the one entitled " Prospects of British
Commerce in Japan." We entirely agree in opinion
with the author of this article, that the fact of the
failure of the American and French missions is a
reason why no time should be lost in sending an
English mission, organised upon a proper scale of
magnificence, to the Court of Juddo, and we also
believe that such mission would be successful.
France has so little connexion with the East that it
is not likely the Japanese Government would pay
much deference to any mission from a nation with
which she is so little acquainted. The Americans
have appeared in the Eastern seas much too recently
to have made any deep impression on the minds
of a people who look with reverence on anti-
quity. The Dutch, self-degraded by their unworthy
concession to Japanese prejudices, ate looked upon
with sovereign contempt, as beings of an inferior race.
The Spaniards and Portuguese are hated, on account
of the attempts made by their Priests to subvert the
Japanese Empire, and which led to the expulsion
and exclusion of foreigners from the Japanese terri-
tory. Indeed, we suspect that the profession of the
Roman Catholic religion by any nation, would be a
bar to its entering into any relations with Japan, for
the present at least. Certain we are that the appear-
ance of a Roman Catholic Priest, as, an attache to
any mission to Japan, would be a serious obstacle to
its success. England, however, is not Roman Ca-
tholic. Unlike Holland, she has never succumbed
to Japanese prejudices ; she is an ancient nation,
having heretofore had treaties with Japan upon perfect
equality. Her flag is well known in the Japanese
seas. Her success in the Chinese war, her moderation
in the hour of victory, and her faithful adherence to
treaties are known and appreciated by the Japanese.
The great majority of the nation, it is evident, are
most anxious to be permitted to trade with strangers,
and from the tenour of his answers it is manifest
that the reluctance of the Emperor to re-establish
commercial intercourse with the rest of the world
arises more from a respect for the old traditions than
from conviction of the truth of the arguments ad-
duced in favour of the policy of exclusion ; and when
he shall be solicited by his ancient ally to again enter
into terms of amicable relationship, on a footing of
perfect equality, there can be but little doubt that he
will listen t) the overture, and, giving way
to the representations of his subjects, consent to
renew his ancient treaty of commerce with England.
Before the exclusive system was adopted the Japanese
were among the most enterprising traders of the
world, trading even as far as Java in their junks.
Of the value of the Japanese trade we may judge
from the fact—

"That the Portuguese, when they first opened a trade
with Japan, made prodigious fortunes in the course of a
few years. Macao was entirely built with the profits of
this trade, which, during a certain period, were literally
incredible, upwards of three hundred tons of gold having,
it is said, been shipped off annually. The lowest gain
upon which the merchants reckoned, as the result of a
voyage of two or three weeks, was cent. per cent. both
ways ; and the Dutch, when they succeeded to the Por-
tuguese, being a still more needy and unscrupulous peo-
ple, sometimes raised this to five hundred per cent. Nay,
one of the most respectable writers who professes to
based his statements on the commercial archives of the
Dutch Company, avers that occasionally as much as five
thousand per cent. was cleared.
" These facts we mention, not as aiming at or desir-
ing such gains, but merely by way of illustrating the
value of the epadese trade, the riches and extent of
which, in the present state of our information, it is im-
possible to calculate. Nearly all the latest accounts con-
cur in rspresenting the population of the group at be-
tween forty-five and fifty millions, aIL of whom have
made some progress in civilisation, and might become
customers for the good of Europe and America; though,
from indications not to be mist:4l:(.n, we may conclude
that English manufactures and the productions of India
would be the universal favourites."

Such is tha market which if we employ the proper
means will most assuredly be open to us, and there-
fore do we trust that the Government will lose no
time in employing for us those means, and achieving
for themselves one of those bloodless victories, the
glories of which far transcend all the triumphs of
war. " The Dreamer and the Worker "is continued
in this number. The story does not advance a step,
but we have some pretty descriptions of Welsh
scenery. Angus Reach contributes a pleasant
prolusion, entitled " John Bull and his Bul-
locks," the bullocks being the denizens of the
Smithfield Bullockery, against which Angus Reach,
in common with every other sensible man, raises his
voice, and raises it in vain, for Smithfield will not be
put down until an alderman shall have been tossed
up ; then, and not until then, will the nuisance be
abated. The remaining articles of this number are of
average merit. We, however, miss St. Giles and St.
James.

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