The Sun.
London, England, 1847-01-18 00:00:00

MILITAR FUNERAL.
The remains of the late Lieaterant-Colonel Mac-
gregor, of the sth hoyet Scow. Fusileers, were in-
terred r.ith military honours, on Tuesday, the 13th of
January, at St. Andrew's church, P 1 mouth. The fu-
neral party, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel
Johnson, sth Fusileers, and consisting of 2 captains,
4 subalterns, 6 sergeants, and 300 rank and file, of the
sth Fusileers, paraded in the citadel a little before two
e'cloek. The colours on the ramparts were half-mast
high, and in order to consult the feelings of the widow
of the deceased, the utmost silence prevailed within the
garrison, the gates of which were closed. Previous to
the removal of the body. and at the especial request
of the ft :Lily, a portion of the service for the dead was,
in their presence, read by the Rev. J. W. Langmead,
the resident chaplain. Shortly after two o'clock, the
procession slowly moved from the citadel. The funeral
party, carrying their arms reversed, and marching four.
abreast, was followed by the band of the regiment,
which, with muffled drums, commenced the solemn
notes of " The Dead March in Saul," as soon as they
had cleared the foot of the glacis. The ministers, the
.rep. J. W. Langmead and the Rev. H. Hookey, with the
undertakers and other civilians, in hatbands and mourn-
ing h,biliments, preceded the body, which was borne on
a long six-pounder gun carriage, drawn by four plumed
hot ses, led by grooms. On the carriages were two am-
munition chests, and cn the coffin were the Colonel's
sword, cap, and belt. The pallbearers were Colonel
Barlow, of the 1.4 h Regime nt, a colonel of the Royal
Marines, a Colonel of Artillery, a Staff-Officer, and four
others of the same rapk as the deceased, whose saddled
charger followed his master's body, bearing his boots and
spurs. The chief.mourners were 1)r. Henderson, sth
Regiment, Dr. William Wallace, 14th, and Colonel Old
field, Royal Engineers. Next came, with side arms
only, about 250 rank and file, belonging to the 14th de •
pot; and about 600 of the sth, being the remainder of
those off duty belonging to that regiment, followed by
the servants, sergeants-major, and other non commis-
sioned officers of both regiments. The mournful train
was closed by an imposing cortege of officers of various
ranks, military and naval, all on foot, in full uniform and
in reversed order, beginning with cadets, ensigns, mid
shipmen, and other junior officers, and ending with the
seniors, the last of whom was Major-General Suther
land, formerly Colonel of the sth regiment, who was sup-
ported by two aides-de. camp. As the imposing proces-
sion, with measured step, debouched from this formidable
fortress, ar.d extended its length along the Citadel road,
its warlike appearance was finely contrasted by the more
quiet attire of the large concourse of civilians who had
assembled outside the lines, and partly covered the green
slopes of the fortifications. All business was suspended
as the funeral moved through the town by Saltram•place,
Lockyer-street, George-street, and Bedford-street, to
St. Andrew's church. Here the firing party, under
Colonel Johnson, halted, and allowed their comrades to
pass between them, and proceed by the eastern entrance
into the venerable fabric, where they were received by
Messrs. Bone and Hingston, the churchwardens, and the
other church functionaries. After the first portion of
the solemn service had been read, the body was removed
on the shoulders of eight nett of the sth Regiment, ny-
the northern entrance into the adjoining burying place,
in the north-west portion of which the remains were to
be finally deposited. The sons of the deceased, two
little boys, were led by Colonel Oldfield from the church
to the side of their lather's grave. On the completion
of the funeral service, Colonel Johnson's party
fired over his grave three rounds of three hundred
small arms, the report of which reverberated from
the centre to the extremities of the town. The military
then returned to the citadel. To secure good order
Major-General Murray, Commander of the Forces for
the Western District, had previously communicated with
Mr. Bulteel, the Mayor of Plymouth, under whose di-
rections the police of the borough were in attendance.
The imposing spectacle had attracted to the spot not
only the inhabitants of the three towns of Plymouth,
Devonport, and Stonehouse, but great numbers of well
dressed persons from the surrounding country. Colonel
Macgregor served in Calabria in 1806, and was present
at the battle of Maida and taking of Catrone. In 1807
he served in Egypt, and was present at the attack on the
forts and heights of Alexandria, siege of Rosetta, and
actions at El Hemet, where he was taken prisoner, and
kept in close confinement for five months in Cairo.
Served also in the campaign of 1814-15 in Holland and
the Netherlands, includineosoth the actions at Merxen
and the bombardment of Antwerp.

THE REPUBLIC OF ECUADOR
The notoriety which has been given to this republic
by the late breaking up of the Flores expedition, and
the disclosures which have since been made at the
Thames Police Court, may render the following account
of the republic of Ecuador, to the Presidency of which
General Flores now aspires to be restored, of some in-
terest to our readers:—
Ecuador is one of the three republics which, before
1831, constituted the republic of Colombia, but since
that time has become a separate government. It com-
prehends the ancient kingdom of Quito with the plains
extending east of it, between the Amazon River on the
south, and the Uaupes, the principal branch of the Rio
Negro on the north. The Rio Negro separates Ecuador
from the republic of Venezuela, and the Uaupes forms,
in the whole length of its course, the boundary between
it and New Grenada. The Pacific forms its western
boundary. On the south, Ecuador is separated from
Peru by a line beginning near Tambez, on the Bay of
Guayaquil, and running in the south-west direction to
the Rio Amazon. Ecuador extends from 5 deg. 50 min.
S. lat. to 1 deg. 12 min. N. lat., and from 69 deg. 40 min.
to 80 deg. 40 min. W. long. Its surface is vaguely cal-
culated at more than 537,000 square miles, or more-than
four times and a half the area of the British islands.
CLIMATE.—The temperature differs considerably in
the elevated valleys, which are surrounded by the high
peaks of the Andes, and in the low countries on both
sides of the range. In the valley of Quito the seasons
are scarcely perceptible. The mean temperature of the
day all the year round is between sixty and sixty-seven de-
grees, and that of the night between forty-eight and
fifty-two degrees of Fahrenheit. The winds blow con-
tinually, but never with great violence. They generally
come from the north or south, but occasionally shift to
other quarters, without apparently depending in any
degree on the seasons. During the whole morning till
one or two o'clock, the weather is generally delightful,
and the sky serene and clear, but after this hour vapours
begin to rise, and the whole sky is gradually covered
with black clouds, which bring on dreadful tempests of
thunder and lightning, followed by torrents of rein. At
sunset the weather generally clears up, and the nights.
are as serene as the mornings- The rains sometimes
continue all night, and occasionally three or four days
in succession. At other times a few fine days without,
rain follow one another. The interval between Septem-
ber and May is called the winter, and the remainder of
the year is summer. The winter is only distinguished
by 3 greater quantity of rain, and the summer by a
greater number of fine days. The valleys are also sub
ject to frequent earthquakes, of which those of 1698 and
1797 were particularly destructive. In the last earth-
quake 40,000 inhabitants are stated to have perished in
the valleys, and it is said that the climate of Quito has
become much colder than it was formerly.
PRODUCTIONS —Agriculture varies with the elevation
of the cultivated line above the level of the sea. Near
the snow line, which in this point of the Andes occurs
at the height of 15,750 feet, the v( gotation of the Para
mos (that tract on the summit of the range, from 11,000
to 14,000 feet above the sea) is extremely scanty, con-
sisting only of two or three species of plants. Districts
situated at an elevation of 10,000 feet are covered with
grass, which afford good sheep walks. Such are the
plains in the mountain knot of Pastos. The culture of
European corealia and fruits prevails between 10,000 and
4,000 feet, espeeialle in the great valley of the Andes.
In those parts of the country which do not exceed in
elevation 4,000 feet above the sea, the vegetables culti-
vated for food are chiefly sweet potatoes, mandiocca,
yams, and bananas, with rice, Indian corn, and some
leguminous plants. The most common fruit trees are
pine apples, papayas, and aronas. Amongst the forest
trees is that which gives the Anchona bark. Sheep and
cattle are reared in great numbers, especially in the
valley of the Andes, and on the higher declivities of the
mountains. Horses, asses, and 'rules, aro sufficiently
numerous to be articles of export. In some districts,
especially in the valleys along the coast, a considerable
quantity of wax is collected, and still higher up are
some spots where the cochineal insect is reared. Ecua-
dor is less rich in the precious metals than the other
countries of South America, which comprehend a portion
of the Andes. There are several mines of gold led
silver, and a few are still worked; but the annual pro-
duce is not considerable. Lead and quicksilver occur in
some places, and in others sulphur is prepared in conside-
rable quantities. Salt is obtained from sea water along
the coast.
POPULATION.—Tbe population of the Ecuador is com-
posed of the descendants of Spaniards and the Aborigines.
fhe proportion of both races ie not stated, but it would
appear that the aborigines constitute at least three
feurthe of the population. Those Indians who inhabit
the elevated valleys belong to the race of Peruvian., and
speak the Quxhila language; they are nateely agricul-
turists, and cultivate their I Inds with much care. They
apply themselves also to manufactures, and make coarse
stuffs of wool and cotton. The Indians who inhabit the
eastern plain are much lower in eivilisation; they culti-
vate only small pieces of ground; and apply themselves
almost exclusively to fishing trld hunting. The Jesuits
had made considerable pro'ress in bringing them to
Christianity and civilisation. The political events which
have taker, place since 1812 have driven the m -,nks out
of the country, all the missions are in ruins, and the
Indians have returned to t'se I vests, and lost al!
marks of civilisation. The whole population was
thought to amount in 1827 to 492,000, with the exception
of the Indian bravos of the
into three departments, that of
of As:uay. Ecuador or Quito; of
Guayaquil andln the elevAted valleys in
several parts of Ecuador or Quito, are the ruins of the
ancient palaces of the Incas, and in many districts
tie there
are traces of the great road which, in the of the
t
Incas, led from Quito to the southern extremity of h
valley of Titicana. In the department of Assuay theree
is a university.
The manufactures in cotton and wool
are considerable in Quito.
The fabric coarse,i:at
but
strong and durable, and was formerly in gre
request
in New Grenada and in several seaports. All the
ma-
ritime commerce of Ecuador is concentrated in Guaya_
quit, from which town there is a road to Quito ; the
great road which connects New Grenada and Peru runs
through the valley of Ecuador. Ecuador was discovered
by Francis Pizerro, in 1525, and came into the hands of
the Spaniards at the downfal of the empire of the Incas.
the Spaniards remained in possession of the country up
to the year 1814, when the country declared against
them. By the convention of Cucuta in 1821, New Gre-
nada and Venezuela united and formed one republic
sander the name of Colombia. lii November, 1831
'oBolivar having resigned the presidency of the republic
of Colombia the previods year), a new separation took
place, when it was decided that the province of Quito
should constitute a separate republic, tinder the name of
k:ctiaciOn