The Sun.
London, England, 1824-10-26 00:00:00

THE LONDON JOURNALS.

DA I ICY
Extracts from the Morning Papers, Oct. 26.

[MORNING POST.)
We will not affect to disguise oar satisfaction
at the manly step which Lord Belgrave has taken
respecting the" Great Northern Whig Club"—
and we rejoice at it the more, because, in stating
hit reasons for seceding, he, in our judgment,
clearly expresses the present sentiments of most
of those who formerly opposed his Majesty's Mi-
nisters. As his Lordship declares " political
differences were now rather differences of degree
than of principle," and as may be deduced from
the subsequent part of the letter, the Whigs
themselves have a very undefined and shadowy
notion of this" degree." For instance, although
Lord Belgrave does not think " the present
system the most perfect that could be devised,"
yet he is " too little confident of the successfnl
results of most experiments that have been sug-
gested to be a sanguine reformer," and then he
scouts the once great If hig Panacea, a recurrence
to trio unialParliaments,as one of the " most doubt-
ful experiments that could be tried." Now we
-ask if these opinions are not in reality held at this
moment by nine-tenths of the Whigs (if Whigs
they may still he called) throughout the country ?
Nay; we are certain, that were it possible for
the Whigs ever to attain to power, and to be
thus made responsible agents of the Public, they
-would not dare to introduce any single " experi-
meat," which out of power and at times of po-
pular ferment they have for mere party pur-
poses lauded and declaimed upon with the
grea'teit vehemence. Lord Belgrave is right to
secede from a Club of empirical politicians, who
avowedly do not know their own minds—He is
heir to a Noble House, of vast possessions, wealth,
and stake in the country, and he could not do
justice to the mighty trust thus reposed in him
by Providence, if, against the plainest dic-
tates of common sense, he sanctioned the pro-
ceedings of men, who from nothing better than
a figetty temperament, contemplate and propound
changes utterly incomprehensible to themselves
in their hearings upon a great and happy corn.
munity. But with the above explicit decla-
ration of his Lordship's relinquishment of
Whiggism before us, and this determination
stated to the " Great Northern. Whig Club,'.'
previous to their last Anniversary, as the cause
of his non-attendance on that occasion, what
are we to think of the candour, the honesty, the
truth of thosZ• who, possessing all this know-
ledge, still had
_audacity enough to tell the
Public that the indisposition of Lord Belgrave's
metheralone prevented him from being: present
at the dinner ? An instance of more impudent
falsification of fact and suppression of important
information is not on record. And further, what
are we left to surmise respecting the other pro.
ceedings of the secret conclave en the Morning
of the." Anniversary," when we know that they
not only withheld the fact of Lord 13e1grave's
secession, but virtually asserted that he conti-
nued a zealous member, and regretted the pri-
vate necessity that caused his absence ? May wo
not rationally infer that many other defections
and schisms took place, and that the " celebra-
tion" would have Colnpletely fallen to the ground
had not the'attractive object, a dinner,'been be-
spoke, and whether eaten or not been to be paid
for? Certain Cheshire folks, in short, are glad
of any excuse to feed together sumptuously ; and
therefore a certain number of them assembled on
the 11th instant at the Royal Hotel " to dunk
the King and the people," (a huge draught by
the way), after they had devoured, under pre-
tence of Whiggery, a table full of substantial
viands. At the end of another year, however,
vie Vellillte to predict that some new pretence
must be discovered, or the same persons will not
be found in the same place pursuing the same
favourite

[Barri in Pa Ess.]
Last night we received .the Paris Papers of
Saturday. The Journal des Debuts is occupied
with the task of provingthe infanty of the French
ministerial doctrine, that the end justifies the
means ; and it remarks, with ludicrous profundity,
that Cicero and. M. de Villele are not agreed as
to that position. The Constitutionnel has a dis-
sertation on the burial of the actor, Phillippe.
'Neither of these articles would be it) the least in-
teresting to our English readers. The Courier
Prancais is engaged in discussing the more import-
ant question relating to the right of artisans to
change their place of abode, and .fix their rate of
wages. This paper laments theignoritice of
French in all matters of trade. 66 Is it not hu-
miliating," it exclaims, 44 that the French, who,.
stience, literature, and the fine arts, are at
least as well informed as the inhabitants of Great
Britain, should fall so far behind them as to
every question respecting political economy
This discussion has originated in the ferment ex-
cited among the silk-manufacturers at Lyons, in
consequence of the progress made lately by our
weavers. The Courier Yrancais says truly,
44 Skilful workmen can be produced only by the
perfect freedom of trade, the spirit of associa-
•tiou, and the abundance, of capital. A nation
which has these elements of prosperity will
soon have workmen who wilt raise its manufac-
tures above competition. These simple and ob-
,vious truths are well understood by the English
Ministers, Messrs. Robinson, Iluskisson, and
reel," The journalist concludes, that. though it.
will be long before France will act on the en-
lightew,d principles of English legislation with
reipect to these subjects, the debates that will
take place in the course .of the prosecutions in-
stituted against the parties at Lyons, for endea-
vourieg to seduce the French weavers to come to
this country, will finally be productive of the
most- benefit* results, by leading the legit)•
biters of France to follow that liberal system,
which we, on this side of the channel,
have found to be so advantageous. The Etude
of Sunday gives an account of the defeat
of the Egyptian squadron, from which the lOss,of
the Mahometans would not seem to have been
so extensive as formerly reported. Enough, how.
has been done to furnish the Viceroy with

ever

a good excuse for withdrawing from any further
interference with the contest, and he will no
doubt hasten to avail himself of the pretext to
leave the Sublime l'orte to fight his own battles.
The impostor or maniac who calls himself the
son of Louis XVI. has, it appears, landed at
llavre de Grace under the title of Charles X.—
He was immediately taken into custody. The
days are gone by for playing the game of Perkin
Warbeck.

1111 E TIMES.]
We have received letters from Mauritius,
dated the 26th of June, the contents of which
possess considerable interest and importance.—
Commodore Nourse was at that island, but was
on the point of sailing for Bombetoc, to meet
Madam, the King of Madagascar, who had left
Ova, his capital, on the 9th of June, for that
place, in company with Mr. Ilastie, the Govern-
ment agent ; the Chiefs of Bombetoc having
fully submitted to Radam's authority. The
progress of events in this long-neglected part
of the world is gradually opening prospects
of the most gratifying nature. Captain
Owen, who commands the surveying squadron
in the Mozambique channel, had arrived at
Mauritius, having on board his ship a Chieftain
from Mobass, an island situated on the coast of
Africa, between the 3d and 4th degree of south
latitude, deputed to offer that island, and the
island of Pemba, in full soveriguty to the English.
It appears that a few men have been stationed
by Commodore Owen on Mombass, until or-
ders can be received from England. This po-
sition is an extremely favourable one for opposing
a further check to the foreign slave-trade, as well
as for the extension of British commerce. It
would, however, be highly impolitic and unjust
to take possession of it without the consent of our

Idly the Imaum of Muscat, of whose dominions
they at present form a part. This Prince, it will
be recollected, was ,the first among the native
Powers to enter into a treaty for the suppression
of the slave-trade with the British Government,
which was concluded about. four years ago through
the medium of Sir Robert Farquhar, then Cover-

nor of Mauritius. The Imam; behaved on this
occasion in most magnanimous and disinterested
manner, entering fully into the enlightened
views by which the treaty was dictated, and
not requiring, like some more civilized Powers,
to be bribed into an observance of the

laws of humanity. Ho even sacrificed on
the occasion a very large revenue, which he and
his predecessors had been accustomed, time im-
memorial, to derive from this source. All the
occurrences that have taken place in this part of
the world tend more and more to the conviction,
that so long as the other European Powers do

not cordially co-operate with England in the abo-
lition of the slave-trade, that scourge can only be
completely rooted out by going to the fountain
of the evil, and, by engaging the Native Powers
on our side, destroying the markets for this in-
famous traffic. The strict observance of the
treaty hitherto by the thulium of Mussat, who
even allows his own vessels, if carrying slaves, to
be captured, shews that this has been effectually
done on the eastern coast of Africa. There is
little doubt that the same system may be pursued
with equal effect elsewhere; and experience
proves that it may be done at one hundredth part
of the expences that have been and continue
to be incurred by the present futile means em-
ployed for the accomplishment of that great
object.

[MORNING HERALD.)
Saturday's Paris Papers arrived last night, and
contain no news of importance. The Male re-
cords the failure of some Greek fire ships against
the fleet of the Captain Pacha. This circum-
stance, even supposing it true, is 'of little im-
portance in itself, and is worthy of consideration
only as it suggests some doubts of naval triumphs
previously stated to have been obtained by the
Greeks. The strength and security of the Capi.
tan Paella's fleet when attacked by these fire-
ships, seem to negative the reports of his pre-
vious defeat—and the dispersion of his squadron.
The Greeks claim fresh victories by land, but, on
the face of their own accounts, not of importance.
The present, we believe the fourth, campaign,
seems drawing to its close, and has exhibited the
imbecility or incapacity of the Turks rather than
the energy of the Greeks. Reports are revived
of the Russsian Army's passing the Moldavian
frontier, but resting upon no probable foundation.
There are accounts from Spain announcing fresh.
arrests, chiefly, if not wholly, of Serviles. The
French Commander-in. Chief, taking compassion
on the wife of the Minister Cruz, who is in close
and harsh confinement, without, it is saidt
any substantive accusation against him, obtain-
ed her access to King Ferdinand at the Escu-
rial, by giving her a French guard to escort her
to the door. Her appeal to the mercy of Ferdi-
nand is a forlorn hope. There is a curious story
of M. de Chateauhriand in the Paris papers. It
is that he has pledged his talents as a writer to a
certain bookseller, undertaking to execute a given
quantity of authorship in a given time, in order
to raise a sum of money for the support of an
hospital chiefly patronised and promoted by
I his lady.

[TUE PUBLIC LEDGEft.]
We have received the Paris Papers of Satur-
day, and the Etoile, dated Sunday. The latter
contains an article, dated' Scio, September 17,
which reduces the triumph of the Greeks over
the combined fleets (Egyptian and Turkish) to
the blowing up of a single vessel, which they
describe themselves as u frigate, whilst it turns
out to be only a transport. Even this trifling
advantage is said to have cost them no less
than twelve fire-ships. But how shall we
reconcile this statement with the subse-
quent inaction of the combined fleets, and
with the obscurity in 'Which their fate and
movements have been ever since involved. Had
their loss been so trifling, we should have heard
no, of the re-appearance of the Captain-Pasha
of Samos, or at least his subsequent movements
would have been ascertained; whereas the mys.
tery that covers them is utterly incompatible
with the intelligence from Selo; and more-
over we have accounts in the German Papers,

which arrived yesterday, which are at vari-
ance with this solitary attempt to detract
from the value of the Greek triumph. The
accounts, besides, are 13 days later, and have
not the vague character by which the former
is distinguished. They were brought on the 9th
inst. to Trieste by a vessel, in nine days, from
Chesme, which is opposite Scio, on the Asiatic
coast, and is celebrated in this war as the
place where the Turks embarked, when they
proceeded, two years ago, against that island.—
The accounts by this conveyance describe the
loss of the Mussulmaus as even much greater
than it was at first represented. Besides
confirming the news of the destruction of
the Egyptian squadron, they say that the
Greeks obtained another signal advantage on the
22d ult. over that part of the Turkish fleet which
had saved itself in the preceding engagement.—
The fruits of this new success are several large
ships, which were burnt, and amongst the rest
that of the Captain Pacha. This triumph, which
would close the naval campaign with extraordi-
nary eclat, is stated to have taken place off
Patmos : and the circumstantial manner in which
it is stated is at least a presumptive proof of its
accuracy—a pretension that cannot be set up in
favour of the intelligence from Scio.

[NEw TIMES.]
We have received the Etoile of Sunday morn-
ing, which gives the closing price of the Rentes
for money on Saturday at 102. 55. Our private
letters mention that the price for the end of the
month was 102. 70. There is absolutely nothing
of the slightest interest in the French news; and
the only occurrences demanding notice arcs
those of Greece, which, however, are very diffe-
rently represented by the different advices. A
long letter from Selo, of the 17th of September,
recounts with much minuteness the particulars of
an attack made by the Greeks on the Turkish
fleet of Stanchio on the 14th of that month ;1
while an extract from the Augsburg Gazette as-
serts the battle to have been fought on the 6th.
Nor is it possible to reconcile these narratives on
the supposition that two engagements took place,
one on the 6th and the other on the 14th; because
the Augsburg account speaks of a captured cor-
vette having entered Syra on the 17th, which was
taken in the battle of the 6th, the Greeks having
proceeded to Hydra with their other prizes
made at the same time. According to this
version the Greeks encountered the Egyptian fleet
alone at Stanchio; burnt five or six ships of war
and eighteen transports, and took one corvette
and thirty transports ; the Capitan niche's fleet
remaining all the while at anchor within sight,
but inactive. According to the other and much
ittbloarteupf rot ibmle )cl
psittaur
ii3euncti,ltlwieerEegybputtiran fleet
rung edand
i u
two lines together, when the Greek vessels,
seventy iu number, attacked them with twelve
fire-ships. The 'lurks being on their guard,
destroyed several of the fire-ships, which
latter only succeeded in burning a single
transport. The Etoile is very successful in expos-
ing the inconsistencies of the Journal des Debuts.
What indeed can be thought of a Paper calling
itself Royalist, and uniting itself with the Old
Times, the promulgator of those detestable libels
t illiebierr a
jl
uuwrrtil tuel
sr
,s
ba
ur et
ostlillkitnoglerCaill}alyrlecsauXtio. ? The
us
in their Books they shew the cloven foot
more plainly. One of this class, a Monsieur
Land, has just published an Abridgement
q. the IlistorN off' Denmark, which begins by
describing the Nobility, the Clergy, and the
Court, in all modern nations, as three powers
whose unions and disagreetneks have always been
alike fatal to the People. This is exactly the
cant of the Old Times and our other Radical
Journals, which uniformly labour to prove that
the higher classes are always opposed to the
doctrine than which nothing can be
more disorganising or anti-social, and which was
so ingeniously confuted in the early periods of
the Roman History by the Fable of the Belly
and the Limbs.

[MORNING
We are quite weary of noticing the misconduct
of watchmen, but people must be still more
weary, we should imagine, of being exposed to
such misconduct. On Friday two French women
were taken to the watch-house by one of these
Dogberrys, for talking French in Greek-street !
The prisoners explained to the Magistrate that
they were merely conversing in their native lan-
guage as they passed through the street, and
stated
that the guardian of the night told them to
leave off their " lingo," and set a large mastiff dog
at them, which tore their muffs and dresses to
pieces, and but for the interference of another
watchman, their persons must have suffered from
the attack of the animal. The fellow denied
the latter charge, but prevaricated in such a
manner that no credit could be attached to what
he said. The Magistrate, Mr. Conant, dis-
charged the prisoners, and observed very pro-
perly on the misconduct of this man, declaring
that he was ready to hear any complaint which
the woman had to make agaiust him ; as however
the person who witnessed the outrage does not fol-
low the most reputable vocation,
they thought it
expedient to drop the affair. Does the parish, we
should like to know, still continue to employ a
watchman who has proved himself so utterly
unfit for his business ?—it is intolerable that the
public should be exposed to the violence of such
ruffians. Tice Courier, however, so far from dis-
covering any
finds something very commendable in it, for we
thing blameable in such conduct,
perceive an account of the affair in its columns
of Saturday, entitled " Au active Watchman."
The outrages of dragging two unoffending
women to the watch-house for talking French,
and betting a mastiff dog at them, are called
64 activity :" really this is giving things their
right names ; but we are glad to understand at
last what conduct our contemporary approves in
those functionaries, whose cause he espouses with
such peculiar warmth. Indeed, we observe, that
wherever a frail fair is concerned, there are fig
limits to The Courier's virtuous zeal, the
bare idea of persecuting or ill using these .un,
happy creatures fills him with glee, and he al-
ludes to such unmanly practices as capital jokes,

sneering at any interference in favour of the suf- 1
ferers as the most ridiculous Quixotism—No tea-
table tabby is more intolerant of frailty than
our worthy cotemporary—Alderman Wood is
scarcely more rampant in virtue—they are
raging and roaring lions seeking what immorality
they can devour. There is a spleen in this violent
respect for decorum, which is unaccountable.
We doubt not, however, that retributive justice,
in the shape of a ruffianly watchman, will one day
overtake out contemporary, but his offence will,
most assuredly, not be that of speaking any fo-
reign language in his walks, unless perchance he
may express himself in the Sandwich tongue, in
which he has shewn himself so eminently skilled.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.

COURT OF KING'S BENCH, OCT. 25.
CABAY V. LLOYD.

This case came before the Court on a special verdict. It was
qn action on a policy of insurance effected at Lloyd's Coffee-
house on three horses during a voyage from Liverpool to Ja-
maica. The policy insured against the perils of the seas, but
contained the usual words, " warranted free of mortality and
jettison." In the course of the voyage a storm arose, and dur-
ing the violent agitation of the sea the horses kicked down their
stalls, and did so much injury to themselves and each other
that they died. The ship arrived at the port of her destination
in safety. The special verdict further stated that, according to
the custom of Lloyd's Coffee-house, no losses are paid on ani-
mals suffering a violent death, where the ship arrives, hut they
are paid where the vessel is lost. The question was, whe-
ther, under all these circumstances, the death of the animals
could be regarded as a loss by the peril's of the sea, or whether
It was excluded by the warranty " free of mortality and jet-
tison." _ _

Mr. PARKE, for the plaintiff, now argued that he was en-
titled to recover, notwithstanding the exception, as the term
" mortality" applied only to death arising from natural causes.
This was expressly decided in the case of " Lawrence v. Aber-
dein," 5 Barnewall and Alderson, 107, which was exactly simi-
lar to the present, except as the present might be varied by the
introduction of the custom. Now, although evidence might be
received to explain terms employed in mercantile contracts,
which otherwise might be liable to doubt, it could not be ad-
mitted to insert a new condition in a written instrument. It
did not even appear that the plaintiff was awareof the existence
of the custom by which his rights were be limited; for the
usage of Lloyd's was no more titan the usage ,o,c any counting-
house in London. Customs might be used -niexplain con-
tracts, but not to insert, conditions; and therefore this case,
substantially resembling that of " Lawrence, V. Aberdein,"
must be governed by the same principles.
Mr. CAMPBELL, for the defendant, expressed_his earnest
hope that the plaintiff would not succeed ; for, assuredly, he
never entertained the slightest idea when the, policy was effect-
ed, of recovering for such a loss. The transaction occurred in
11318, and was only agitated in consequence of. the decision of
" Lawrence v. Aberdein," which had given occasion to many
similar claims, which this case would determine. Now, first,
he would contend that the case of " Lawrence v. Aber-
dein" ought to have received a different termination, and
that the exception included every species of death, where the
ship itself arrived in safety; and, secondly, that the plaintiff
was bound by the custom. The term " mortality" was not
restricted, in• its meaning to natural death, bnt included every
species of risk to which animals are exposed by the possession
of life. It was thus employed by Shakspeare, to whom, above
all English authors, perhaps, we , ought to look for the exact
signification of English words. In the first scene of Measure
for Measure, where the Duke invests Angelo with the power of
life and death, he says—
" Mortality and mercy in Vienna
" Live on thy tongue."
go, in the first part of Henry the Sixth, where Young Talbot
begs death by the sword...-
" Here on my knee I beg mortality,. ;
" Rather than life preserv'd by intang."
This, indeed, was the obvious meaning of the ord.t At all
events it was thus explained by the usage of ClAkOyd's,-Which
must be considered popularly as the custom of merclAzits in
London, as no insurances were effected by private underwriters
in any other place.
The Co ult T here intimated that this did not appear on the
special verdict which had been settled by the Lord Chief Jus-
tice on a difference between the counsel. As, however, many
other dahlia of ti similar nature were started to depend,on. the
issue, and 'as the special verdict might be taken to the House of
Lords by writ of error, they allowed the case to stand over, in
order that the fact might be ascertained ; and, if necessary, the
special fi g
argumentren d e rendered 1
wasmore
defiti i definite.
further The accordingly
postponed to a future
day.

DENNISON v. JOHNSON.
This was an action by Messrs. Dennison and!Co. bankers in
London, against Messrs. Johnson and Co. merchants, to recover
back the sum of 5891. as. lid. paid by, mistake., which now
came on for argument •in the shape of a special case. :The
case stated that the 'plaintiffs were, the ,bankers of Messrs.
Haywood and Co., and the defendants the holders of three bills
of exchange, purporting to be indorsed by that firm. About 11
o'clock on the 3d February last,.a notary employed by Smith,
Payne, and Co., the bankers, of the defendants, brought the bills
dishonoured to the plaintiff's, and they, believing the indorse-
ments to be genuine, paid the amount now claimed, for the
honour of their customers; and, at the same time, drew a pen
through :all t'ie endorsements subsequent to their names. In
two hours, however, they discovered that the names of Haworth
and Co. were forgeries, and immediately advertised Smith,
Payne, and Co. of the fact, and demanded a return of the money.
Notice was, by agreement, given in due time to the other par-
ties; but the defendants contended for their right to retain the
money; and the plaintiffs sought to recover it by action.
Mr. TINDAL, for the plaintiffs, rested their, claim to reim-
bursement on the broad principle, that where money had been
paid on a false consumption of facts, the party paying it hese right
to recover it back ; and distinguished the case on the one hand,
from those cases where the party had adopted and given credit
to a bill, by accepting or endorsing it, and those in which he
had, by some misconduct, deprived the party whom he paid of
a remedy. Here the plaintiffs were no parties to the bill; they
notiz
hp
tre occasionvent the
some d
additional
paid it on a false assumption countenanced by the agent of the
o uagh i
in
plaintiffs; and the mere mistake of cancelling the endow,
t
meats could not make them liable to pay the bills, as it would
uponrecoverable vtehrearude
though
ittsiofirioaml exsptiinerig c expense,
spe-
cial action.

Mr. PARKE, for the defendants, admitted the general rule
that money paid on A false assumption of facts may be recovered
back ; but contended that it was subject to two exceptions—
where theparty paying was in some degreeblameable; and where,
by his act, the party receiving was placed in a worse situation
than he would have filled. Both these exceptions applied
to the prisent case; for the plaintiffs, as bankers' were bound
to know the handwriting of the customer; and by their act,
the endorsers, if not discharged altogether, were placed in a
condition which rendered a suite against them a matter of diffi-
culty and danger. It was doubtful, however, whether they
were not absolutely discharged, as the erasure of their names
was an advised act, and not a mere mistake.
Mr. TINDAL, in reply, urged that the act of the clerk in
erasing the name was as much a mistake as if his hand had un-
consciously wandered over the wrong name, and that therefore
the parties remained clearly liable.
The COURT postponed judgment to a future day.

DILEADPUL ACCIDENT..—An inquisition was
held yesterday evening at the Chequers, Duke-street, St.
Jamee's, before Mr. H loos, deputy coroner for Middlesex, on
the body of James Burustead, beadle of the parish, 72 years
of age. James Tring, journeyman baker, deposed,, he was
passing by Church-passage, Piccadilly, a little before ten
o'clock, when he heard a sudden scream, and on looking back,
saw a man knocked down by the pole of a coach, which forced
the deceased several yards forward ; the horses were going at a
moderate trot, and the coachman pulled up as soon as possible;
and assisted to carry him to Mr. linaggs's,chymist, on the
opposite side, who administered some medicine, which he
swallowed. He recommended him to be taken to the hospital,
but he was conveyed to his houie in a hackney-coach. Some
Called out " Iloilo" when the accident occurred. John Hard-
wicke, the coachman, was returning to Hammersmith, having
brought a fare to town. As it WAS not a regular journey, he
did not wait for, passengers. Passing St. church, a
Fulham coach was a little before him, and suddenly he saw the
deceased trying to get out of its way ; but before witness could
pull up, the pole of his coach knocked him down, and the horse
on the near side trampled upon him. He jumped off as boon
as possible, drew him on the payement,and assisted him to the
shop opposite. There, were lamps to the coach, and he could
have seen hint but that the, other coach prevented him. The
coach belongs to Mr. George Cloud, of Hammersmith. 'The
deceased died in St. George's Hospital. Mr..Holiy attended,
and gave the coachmen au excellent character for careful drip ing,
being in the habit of piing to Hammersmith almost every night
for a considerable period. The Jury returned a= ver of
Accidental Death"—Deodand on the coach and horses,dict one