The Sun.
London, England, 1841-06-30 00:00:00

Hawes

D Eyncourt
Baldwin

ONE O'CLOCK.

Hawes
D'Eyneourt
Baldwin,
Cabbell

TWO O'CLOCK.

Hawes
T. D'Eyncourt
Baldwin
Cabbell

THREE O'CLOCK.

1,618

1,587
1,391
1,247

1,906
1,874
1,631
1,516

0,000
0,000
0,000
0,000

Hawes 2,368
T. D'Eyncourt
Baldwin
Cabbell

GREENWICH-(THIS DAY.)

Barnard..
Dundm...
Cockburn

TEN O'CLOCK.

ELEVEN O'CLOCK.

959
891
716

Barnard
Dundas
Cockburn
TWELVE O'CLOCK.

Dundas ..
Barnard ..,
Cockburn..

1,242
1,200
919

ONE O'CLOCK.

Barnard .
Dundas .
Cockburn

1,352
1,411
1,023

BREAD AND CORN-LAWS.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sir,—To prove the important consequence of the
Corn-laws, take the following result, which will show
that the advocates for the continuance of those laws have
a strong intention to maintain them. Taking
the population at twenty-seven millions, and
each individual to consume one pound of bread
per day—an advance of one halfpenny per lb.
in the price of bread is equal to 20,475,000/. ? Yet Lord
Ashburton denied that the effect of the present Corn-
laws is to levy more than the public taxes; when it is
obvious that lid. rise in a pound of bread is equal to the
enormous sum of 61,425,0001.—Y0ur'5, A. F.

INCREASE OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC.—At a
late meeting of the Manchester and Leeds Railway, the
chairman gave an account of the traffic of some of the
leading railways when they first opened, and their pro-
gressive increase ; from which it appeared that the
Manchester and Liverpool line opened in September,
1830, and for the first three months their traffic averaged
1,5001. per week ; for the whole of the year 1831 it ave-
raged 3,0001. per week, being 100 per cent. increase on the
average of the first three months ; and in 1840 it averaged
5,100 weekly, being an increase of 240! per cent. on the
first three months. The Grand Junction opened in
July, 1837, and their traffic for the first 25 weeks ave-
raged 4,4501. During the same period, in the following
year, it averaged 6,5001. a week, being an increase of 46
per cent. The average weekly traffic on that line, for
1838, was 5,500/. ; for 1839, 7,750/., and for 1840, 8,400/.,
being an increase of 90 per cent. in the course of three
years and a half upon the average of the first six months.
'The London and Birmingham line was opened
in September, 1838, and the first three months the
average traffic was 8,9001. per week. During the
same period, in the following year, it was 12,0001.
weekly, being an increase of 35 per cent. ; and, in
1840, it averaged 14,700/. par week, being, in two
years and a quarter, an increase of 65 per cent. on the
receipts. Now, this statement clearly shows that it is a
work of time before a railway can fully develope its
resources ; and, as there are a number of shareholders
in railways just opened, or about to be opened, who
are unacquainted with those facts, and who run in the
market and sell their shares at a loss, because their cal-
culations are not at once realised, I trust that you will
spare a place for this in your next, and, by so doing, it
may arrest the attention of some holder who may be
prevented from heedlessly sacrificing his property, and
thus accomplish the object of the writer.—Correspon-
dent of the Railway Times.
THE HOUSEHOLD FAMILY EXPENSE Boox.
—This is the title cf a very curious and useful production,
the object of which is to elucidate to the full convie.ion of
every holder the actual working of the various taxes which our
legislators have impcsed upon him. The book is in the cus-
tomary form of an account book, containing a page for every
week in the year, but in addition to the column appropriated
to the price of each article of the usual household consump-
tion, there are also parallel columns to bring constantly before
the eye of the account-keeper the additional tax levied upon
his comforts under the head of Landlord's Tax, East and
West India Merchants' Tax, and Government Tax. Thus,
upon the item of beer, which we will suppose in a family
whose weekly expenditure is 51. 3s. costs 45., a tax is paid to
the landlord of Is., and another to the Government of the
same amount, making the total tax 2s. for one week in that
one article. Upon the weekly expenditure of 51. 3s. we find
the householder paying
Ist. The Government Taxes £o 11 11
2d. The Landlord's taxes
3d. The West India Tax ...

£1 19 1
One of the most important facts that is thus made to stare the
tax-payer in the face is, the small proportion which the taxes for
upholding the naeional establishments of the country, including
the weight of the enormous national debt, bear in comparison
with what proceeds immediately, and without any redemption of
utility, into the pockets of the monopolist. We venture to pre-
dict that the man who has faithfully jotted down every week
the items in the columns of this useful book, will be-
come by the end of the year impervious to the eloquence even
of my Lord Sandon himself, overpowering as we have some-
times found it. We cordially recommend the work to our
readers, whom we refer to the advertisement in another
column. We subjoin, as a pendant, the following facts from
the preface to the book, which contains a great deal of politico-
commercial information :
COMPARATIVZ TAXATION OF ENGPAND AND MEIER
COUNTRIES.
Taxes upon Land in England... ...£1,531,915
Taxes upon Land in Prussia
Taxes upon Land in Austria ...
Taxes upon Land in France
Taxes on the People in England
Taxes on the People in Prussia
Taxes on the People in Austria 7,700,000
Taxes on the Peopie in France
—Liverpool Times.

TREATISE ON ►SOILS.--Mr. Moreton, of
Chester Hill, Gloucestershire, author of a pamphlet on this
subject, and who is carrying on Lord Ducie's Example Farm
at Crom Hall, Gloucestershire, whilst engaged in surveying
farms in Sus!ex, being asked his opinion of the proposed
change in the Corn-laws, replied, " In the years 1833, 1834,
1835, 1836, and 1837, wheat averaged 455. the quarter. lie
had 1,500,000 quarters of bonded corn, and in 1836, exported
so much to France and America as makes it probable, if
the Corn-laws are changed, the price of wheat will not on an
average be under 48s. per quarter. For the last fourteen years
wheat has averaged 565., and should it fall to 485.,
which is a shilling a bushel, this would not be a loss to the
farmer of a 7th part, but only of a 14th part ; because no
good tenant taken two seed-bearing crops in succession, and
roots often pay the farmer better than wheat. I have raised
twenty-six tons of turnips per acre, and sold them to farmers
for twenty-six pounds, and the increased demand for fatted
meat, when wheat was low, occasioned the Scotch farmers to
give in evidence before the House of Commons, that by im-
proved agriculture, with wheat at 40s. a quarter, they were
making handsome profit."—June 24, 1841, with what else ap-
peared in the Mark-lane Express of June 28. This is offered
in hopes of allaying the fears of a change in the Corn-laws,
which at this time was felt by many well-wishers to their
country.

STOP, ELECTOR, READ AND PONDER THE
FOLLOWING UNDOUBTED FACT BEFORE YOU GO TO THE
POLL.—A few days ago a gentleman of high respectability
related to me the following fact :—He said, " I belonged to a
manufacturing firm in a south-western country. Our buildings
cost us 50,0001. \% e manufactured fine woollen goxis largely,
for the American market. Our correspondent wrote to us, say-
ing, Gentlemen, it is impossible for us to pay you for your
goods any longer, unless you will take half in produce. Money
we cannot get.' We replied, We cannot do so ; the law will
not allow us to import sour produce, except at a ruinous loss.'
Our orders ceased, and we were obliged to shut up our
manufactory. Part of our men emigrated to America,
and are there employed in making the same kind of goods
which we had made. Part went to Russia, and compose vi ith
others an establi.hment which the Emperor has established
there, employing 7,000 men. Our buildings, which cost us
50,00:1., we have sold for 4,0001. to be pulled down. Thus
the whole business is lost to England for ever, and gained
by America and Russia, with all its collateral branches." This
is a specimen of what the Corn-law has done, is doing, and will
do for your working men, manufacturers, and merchants! Go
now and vote, if you please, for the supporters of this law, and
thus seal your own destruction and that of your country ere
long Correspondent of the Liverpool Times.

FACTS FOR FARMERS, &c.

EY OWEN OWEN ROBERTS.

Mr. Roberts has brought together in this little
pamphlet of 50 pages a great deal of useful in-
torination. The main idea is to consider the
farmer as a consumer, while the Corn-law advo-
cates consider him only as a producer, and point
out the effects of the law on him in that charac-
ter. After some very judicious observations on
keeping accounts carefully, and oil the main
points: which a farther Aould take into considera-
tion on taking a farm, Mr. Roberts observes:--
The only amount of rent which any land can afford to
pay will be the value of the overplus produce after de-
ducting the cost of cultivation, including taxes, wages,
tithes, the interest of capital,, as well as a fair allowance
towards the wear and tear o'f implements, the deteriora-
tion in value, and the casualties to which every kind of
live stock is liable; together with the injury and the ex-
tra-expense which inauspicious seasons bring upon the
farmer. The agriculturist should also recollect that in
the cost of production, his own labour, and that of his
family, ought to be charged at what they -would be fairly
worth in the service of another.
We presume that the agriculturist considers
all these circumstances, but Mr. Roberts, by the
warning which lie gives;implies that the agricul-
turist very often sacrifices his own interest, and
toils to put into the.rent-owner's pocket money
which the tenant ought to keep in his own. We
shall quote, not only because they are curious
and place the Corn-law question in a new light,
but because they ought to, be studied by farmers,
several passages, principally showing in detail
how the Corn-law injures the farmer. In the
preface there is this general statement :
In average years, with eight returns, out of the
63,000,000 quarters of wheat, barley, and oats produced,
the agriculturists and their dependents consume directly
45,503,018 quarters, whilst the surplus available for sale
amounts to only 17,496,982 quarters.
Agriculturists may also be said to consume indirectly,
in the shape of manufactured goods of various descrip-
tions, a proportionate share of the bread consumed by
those who were employed in manufacturing those goods.
The agriculturists have therefore to purchase as it were
again from the manufacturer a large portion of what they
had previously sold to him in the market.
EXTRA EXPENSE FOR SEED CORN,—According to the
" Statistics of the British Empire," by James M`Queen,
Esq., an author considered to lie perfectly orthodox by
the supporters of Corn-laws, there are annually in the
United Kingdom 5,000,000 of acres under wheat, 2,000,000
under barley, and under oats 8,000,000, which, calculat-
ing the returns at eight in ordinary years, will yield of
produce 15,000,000 quarters of wheat, 8,000,000 of bar-
ley, and 40,000,000 of oats, making a total of 63,000,000
quarters, which, enormous as the amount appears, is
barely sufficient to meet the home consumption.. An
advance of ten shillings a quarter, if produced by any
means independent of a deficient supply, would be a di-
rect tax upon the consumers of no less than 31,550,000
pounds sterling ; an amount exceeding by 3,500,000 the
interest of the National Debt, and equivalent to nearly
thirteen shillings per acre, good, bad, and indifferent, of
all the arable land in the United Kingdom of Great Bri-
tain and Ireland. Out of this amount, the agriculturists
would have to pay, merely as producers, in seed corn
alone, within a trifle of 4,000,000 of pounds. To this
amount, even should the succeeding harvest prove abun-
&int, they would be losers, it being an extra item in the
cost of production ; for if the succeeding crops be more
than aft average return, the prices would be propor-
tionably reduced. But, supposing that in two succeeding
years, such, for example, as in 1838 and in 1839, the re-
turns should prove to be very much below the average,
what would be the situation of the agriculturist ? Why,
in many districts, his seed corn would amount t.) one-
fourth of the whole quantity produced on his land, so
that it would, under any circumstances, render it impos-
sible for him to obtain in money value more than four
returns upon the seed sown. The harvests of 1838 and
1839, in many localities, did not average four returns,
and even those returns made up of grain of such inferior
quality, as to render it hardly saleable at any price. The
agriculturist would have to put in the ground, in conse-
quence of the scarcity that caused the prices, two pounds'
worth of seed instead of one ; and though the following
harvest might prove abundant, still the reduction of
prices necessarily attendant upon an increased supply,
would leave him, even as a producer, comparatively a
loser of one pound. in every eight, or 121 per cent. This
would arise from the expense of production having been
increased by the extra cost of his seed corn.
CONSUMPTION OF THE AGRICULTURAL POPULATION.
—Corn is by far the most important article, and the
heaviest item, in the list of agricultural charges. The
quantity of corn consumed by those employed inlgricul-
ture, and directly dependent upon it, is so enormously
great, that one cannot but feel surprised that its gigantic
magnitude should have been so completely overlooked.
Tha edvocotcs of the Corn-laws seem to have viewed the
agriculturist solely as a producer.
According to M'Queen's " Statistics of the British Em-
pire," a w Irk deemed perfectly orthodox by the Corn-
law advocates, the relative numerical proportion borne
by the families of the agricultural population to the fami-
lies of the rest of the community is thus stated (p.
" Agricultural, 1,845,463 ; trade and manufactures,
1,684,232 ; all other families, 1,269,536."
In page 84 of M`Queen's work, is the following re-
mark relative to the population returns :—" Those selec-
tions relating to the male portion of the population of
the United Kingdom,.together with the preceding queries
taken from the population returns, will show how the
population has been classed, and how unfairly, too,' for
the agricultural interest. The vast proceeds from the
labour of that interest, and the power and the capital
employed by it, will show the considerate reader that a
proportionate number of every one of the remaining
classes are connected with, work for, and are dependent
upon, that interest alone ; were we to take this at nearly
two-thirds, or, say three-fifths of the whole, we should
not miscalculate greatly either way."
Allowing this estimate to be correct, but withcut
going to the full extent of the proposition, and taking
only three-fifths of the families that are not classed in the
table as belonging either to agriculture or to trades and
manufactures to be connected with, working for, or being
dependent upon, agriculture alone, and giving the re-
maining two-fifths to trade and manufactures, the rela-
tive number of the population will stand thus :
Agriculture. Trade and Manufactures.
Families... 2,0,4
2,192,046
Population 13,349,369 10,922,211
giving a numerical advantage in favour of those " con-
nected with, working for, or being dependent upon,
agriculture alone," of 2,427,158 souls, or, in other words,
making those employed in and directly dependent upon
agricultural pursuits, in round numbers as 11 to 9
of those employed in trade or manufactures, and conse-
quently showing that those " connected with, working
for, or directly dependent upon, agriculture alone " con-
sume, or ought to consume, 111. worth of bread corn for
every 91. worth consumed by those connected with, work-
ing for, or dependent upon, trade and manufactures alone.
WHEAT.—Agriculturists, and those dependent upon
them alone, will therefore require for . consumption, ex-
clusively of seed, 7,218,750 out of the 13,125,000 quar-
ters of wheat available as human food, making the con-
sumption of the agriculturists and those dependent upon
them alone, including seed corn, 9,093,750 quarters, and
leaving as a surplus available for the market, to be used
by those employed in manufactures and trade, 5;906,250
quarters, which, at 565., will produce 16,537,4991., whilst
the quantity consumed by farmers and those dependent
upon them alone, will produce, at the same rate,
25,462,4991.

BARLEY.—Regarding only the relative numerical pro-
portion of those employedin agriculture, as estimated
by M`Queen, the consumption of barley will stand thus :
by the agricultural class, 4,850,000 quarters, and by the
other classes of the community, 3,150,000, showing an
excess of consumption by the agricultural over all. the
other classes of the community of 1,700,000 quarters.
The farmer, it is true, in most cases, disposes of his
barley to the maltster in the first instance, but although
he then receives the money for it, still he should keep in
mind the fact that agriculturists, and those directly de-
pendant upon agriculture alone, consume their propor-
tionate quota, and have to pay for it to the maltster,
brewer, or distiller. Nor should he ever lose sight of
the fact, that his class consumes 4,850,000 out of the whole
8,000,000 produced ; thus making, at 32.5. per quarter,
his own consumption 7,760,000/., and the quantity avail-
able for the market, 5,040,000/.
OATs.---The quantity of oats therefore consumed by
the agriculturists as seed corn, as a portion of their food,
in rearing young stock, keeping horsrs, workinc, oxen,
pigs, poultry, and cattle, and in fattening them for the
market, will amount in money value at 245. the quarter
to 37,991,121/. whilst the portion available for the market
will make only 10,008,878/.
The consumption of the different classes is
brought distinctly before the reader by the fol-
lowing table :--
Consumption. Produce.
Wheat
By Agriculturists, &c.... 9,093,750
By Trades, &c. 5,906,250
Barley
By. Agriculturists, &c.... 4,850,000
By Trades, &c. ............ 3,150,000
Ooats 40,000,000
By Agriculturists, &c.... 31,659,268
By Trades, &c 8,340,732
From these data it appears that.out of the 63,000,000
quarters of wheat and barley and oats grown upon an
average in the United Kingdom, agriculturists and those
directly dependant upon agriculture alone, as Mr.
M`Queen would say, consume 45,603,018 quarters, whilst
those employed in trades and manufactures consume only
17,396,982 quarters.
The next table we shall quote states the value
of the produce :
In average years the money value of the grain that the
agriculturists can dispose of as a surplus with justice to
their class is as follows:
Quarters.
Wheat, 5,906,250 value at 565. 16,537,500
Barley, 3,150,000 ?, 325. 5,040,000
Oats, 8,340,000 ~ 245. 10,008,378

Total X 31,586,378
The money value of the portion consumed by them
selves and their dependents amounts to
Wheat £25,462,500
Barley 7,762,500
Oats

Total £71,216,121
Mr. Roberts subsequently shows that when
the return is sevenfold, instead of the average
eight, the deficiency in value is 10,507,9531. ; at
six returns it is 21,739,5031.; at five returns the
agriculturists will have to purchase oats for their
cattle to the extent of 1,132,075/. ; and at four
returns there will be an insufficiency of all kin&

of grain for their own consumption, supposing
all other persons were left to starve. These car-
culations, he concludes, show that the agri-
cultural portion of the community is in reality
the most serious sufferer whenever the supply of
grain becomes inadequate to the demand. With
an increased production the reverse is the case,
and with an improved husbandry, promoted by
the competitiOn of free trade, the returns mi,litt
be latterly taken at twelve, and the agriculturists
would benefit to the extent 0f23,631,6711.
It cannot," says Mr. -Roberts, "be too often repeated,
that under the present general system of agriculture, the
13 1-sth individuals located upon these 73 acres of and,
or upon this farm, will require the same quantity of
bread to satisfy the cravings of hunger, and to keep
them in working order ; and the same quantity will also
be required fOr seed in one year as in another, without
any reference to the high or low price of grain. The
live stock, also, whether working. rearing, or fattening,
will require the same quantity of corn, e' rice in
the market,. 20s. or 40s. the quarter. In a state of pros-
perity., therefore, the consumption of corn by the farmer'
and by his dependents, as well as by the live stock upon
the 73 acres, ought, as to quantity, to be the same in one
year as in another."
The character and condition of farmers is• in-
dicated in the two following paragraphs, which
confirm some remarks we have more than once
laid before our readers :

Under the system, if it can be so called, of apiculture,
now generally followed upon nine-tenths of the land in
the kingdom, agriculture can by no means be fairly
deemed a profitable occupation. In the majority of in-
stances farmers can barely make both ends meet, and if
here and there one can be found who has saved money,
as it is called, it will turn out in ninety-nine cases outof
a hundred that the sum saved amounts to barely five per
cent. upon the value of his stock without any allowance
whatever being made for the time, skill, and labour of
the farmer, and the different members of his family. In
fact, instead of the farmer having made money, it will
appear on a strict examination that he and his family
have expended their time, skill, and labour for a series
of years without any other return than food and raiment
of the coarsest kind, the money saved
.amounting to
barely four or five per cent. upon the value of the stock.
This amount they might easily have obtained free from
risk upon a mortgage security. They might have had
from an employer as wages for their skill and labour be-
yond food and clothing, and independently of such in-
terest, a far larger amount.
A free trade in Corn is a stimulus indispensable to the
prosperity of the British agriculturist. It is absolutely
required to rouse him from the listless apathy by which
he has long been distinguished. In comparison with
other productive classes, the land-occupiers, with some
exceptions, indeed, but with exceptions like angel visits,
" few and far between," are absolutely stationary, mak-
ing no progress, and availing themselves but seldom and
with evident reluctance of the improvements which are
made, from year to year, in every scientific pursuit.
They rarely manifest a sufficient degree either of skill or
of energy to meet the increasing demands of an increas-
ing population, and thus to augment their own wealth
and secure their own prosperity. They resemble the
waggoner, and begin to pray to some Parliamentary
Jupiter for assistance, instead of manfully putting their
shoulders to the wheel, and by the vigorous exercise of
their own powers, rescuing .themselves from their
dilemma.

Agriculturists look to the Legislature for that pros-
perity, which their own resources and their own industry
can alone ensure ; and in hunting that phantom, they
become the dupes of, necessitous or of crafty men, who,
under the disguise of aiding them in the attainment of
their object, swindle them out of their cash and their
civil rights. making them in the one case beggars, and
iu the other slaves.

In this little work there is a good deal of sound
sense, worthy the consideration of the working
agriculturists.

We will add to these remarks a short extract
from a letter pnblished in the Chelniqford Chro-
nicle, which displays some of the errors com-
mitted by landlords.
Lord Western had written—

Suppose a farm of two hundred acres of arable land,
at 255. an acre, farmed on the four-course husbandry,
which will give fifty acres of wheat, fifty of barley,
twenty-five of beans and peas, and twenty-five of clover.
Acres. Qrs. Qrs.
50 of Wheat
50 of Barley 5
25 of Beans
25 of 'clover
50 of Fallow

Suppose the reduction in the market price to
amount to ten shillings a quarter -on an average, one
sort of grain with another, and the deficit in the farm-
er's receipt for the year will be exactly the whole amount
of his rent.

To this an occupier, aware of the facts and
writing in the same sense as Mr. Roberts, re-
plies:—

Upon his illustration of 200 acres, I find the tenant
requires the following quantity of seed corn, &e.
Bush. Qrs. Bush.
For the 50 acres of Wheat, 2f per acre 15 5
50 Barley, 4 ditto 25 0
25 Beans, 3 ditto 9 3
*Six plough horses and one market horse
will consume 2 bushels of corn each

per week during the year, namely—. 91 0
Ten quarters of barley sent to maltsters
during the year, consumed on the farm 10 0

Making a total 0f...

151 0

X s. O.

This must be a set-oft' at 10s. per quarter reduc-
tion in price, making a saving of 75 10 0
This item his Lordship has omitted.
Now let us go through with a few of the ex-
penses on the 200 acres ; suppose the rent-
charge to be at 6s. per acre, and to vary with
the price of corn—deduct one-fourth—we
have a reduction of ls. 6d. per acre, amount-
ing to
Take the present capital at X.`1,,000
With the proposed reduc-
tion of stock and crops,
&c. 5001. less will be
sufficient 1,500

-15 0 0

spercent. 25 0 0

500
At present assessei
Four 9d. rates, 3s £33 0
At reduced rent, say 16 10

at 2201.

Saving £l6 10 0

1G 10 0

Total £132 0 0
Here we have a saving entirely unaccounted for in
his Lordship's calculation of 1321.. which •is the actual
rent that his Lordship contended was entirely lost. We
here see the point on which the whole question turns
between real and artificial rent, leaving 118/. as an " ade-
quate reduction to be made by the landlord."
In the above calculations I make no reduction of the
farmer's income, on the 200 acres of land, nor any re-
duction in the labourers' wages, so that each party will
have the full benefit arising out of the reduction in the
necessaries of life, in consequence of the reduction on
corn, viz. bread, meat, pork, butter, cheese, poultry, &c.
&c. which I estimate at 25 per cent ; but that his Lord-
ship should not be alarmed at the gain which the " new
lights" will give the agriculturist, I will take it at 20
per cent.

X. s. d. X.
Suppose the tenant's profit 300 0 oat 20 per cent. 60

Eight labourers, at 12s. per

week 249 12 0
Extra wages, such as har-
vest,haying,thatching,&c. 40 8 0

£290 0 oat 20per cent. .58
Annual saving .£llB
Being 7L5s. per annum clear gain to each labourer.
The account between Lord Western and the "New
Lights" will stand thus :

Dr.
Deficiency of receipts
on 500 qrs. of corn, at
10s. per qr

Cr.
Saving on farm account
by reduction of price
and expedition
Adequate reduction of
rent by landlord llB

Saving on farm, &c. 250
Ditto on Tenant... £6O
Ditto to Labourers 58

Ils

£2501 £368
Is this, I would ask, " loss and ruin to the agriculturist,"
when, after paying rent, tithes, and taxes, to have saved
1181. in amount exactly the same as shown from Lord
Western's illustration is under the present scale of
" sliding duties," and by its mysterious working, taken
from the pockets of the farmer and his labourers, and
put into the landowner's ?

' --s
HAND-LOOM WEAVERS.—The privations of
this class continue with undiminished severity, and a large
portion of them are still in the receipt of daily assistance
in the shape of rations, or employed in breaking stones,
though, we are afraid there still remain many whose cases
have not been overtaken. At the request of the Relief Com-
mittee, the Superintendent of Police has caused inquiry to
be made into the circumstances of about 300 heads of families,
who have applied for relief, and the following has been the re•
suit:—"The three hundred heads of families have de-
pendent on them 1,279 children, 529 of whom are under
ten years of age. Of the three hundred heads of families,
153 are natives of Ireland, 140 natives of Scotland, and two
natives of England. The persons employed
. in breaking
stones are 279, and the number' of natives sewed daily at the
soup-kitchen, for the last few weeks, amount to 1,300. We
believe the poor fellows employed in breaking stones find the
work sufficiently hard for them, and it is little to be surprised
at, therefore, that they are occasionally found grumbling. It
is exceedingly desirable that some softer description of work
could be found ; spade labour would be much more agreeable
, for them, and we trust that something of this kind will yet be
resorted to. We have occasionally heard at the Council table
proposals for sloping and beautifying the banks of the river
along the public green. Could this not be done by the idle weavers
during the present summer.— Glasgow Aryus.—[We would
suggest, since the public pays such a vast annual sum to stimu..
late agriculture, that all these men ought to be employed and
well fed by the landowners. ]
ACCIDENT TO LUMLEY COTTON, ESQ.
Yesterday afternoon this gentleman, who resides in Euston-
square, was riding a high-spirited horse in Hyde Park, when
the animal
suddenly became restive, and shying from one side
of the road to the other, threw his rider with great violence.
Assistance was procured, and Mr. Cotton was removed in a
carriage to his own residence, where he was found to have re-
ceiveds severe concussion on the brain.