The Sun.
London, England, 1847-02-02 00:00:00

ItAILWAY SHAUE3 BY PUBLIC SALE.

3 ESSitS. LAMON 15 -faiL WAY
I SHARE AUCTIONEERS, beg to thank their Friends
and the Public for their continued support and patronage, and
to announce that their Public Sales of Railway Shares, &c.,
take place every TUESDAY and FRIDAY, at One o'clock, at the
hall of Commerce, Threadneedle-street, London, to which place,
favours, containing instructions (with a reference), are respectfully
requested to be addressed.

All Scrip and Share Certificates must be deposited, the day
orevions to their being offered ; and advices of results will be
brwarded by the first post after the sale, aiti the proceeds blame-
:lately disposed et according to instrt:ctions.
021cts. stall of Commerce. Threadneedle-street. Lord( n.

I FIE WEATHER.—SIIN OFFICE, FEBRUARY 1.
THERMOMETER, Lowest, 28; Highest, 43 ; Noon, 34
BAROMETER, 29 7.—WIND W., hazy.

Hliili WATER Al' LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY.
Siorning .. 15 minutes after 3. I Evening .. 31 rrlnut3s after 3.

.I_.

tion, this aid afforded ; that it is to provide full and
adequate employment for the labour of those persons
who would otherwise be supported in idleness; that
it is not merely as a profitable investment of capital,
a speculation that should be encouraged solely on
account of the pecuniary returns that may be looked
for, but that the general occupation that will thereby
be afforded will diminish the burden of the poor-
rates, will render the able-bodied pauper a useful
member of society, a producer of national wealth,
instead of an object of terror to the poor-law
guardian ; that it will lead to an increase of the
general produce, so that a sufficiency of food may be
raised in our own land for the consumption of all its
inhabitants—a far lower rate may justly be fixed
upon. In this respect, therefore, we hope that
an alteration may be announced when the
discussion of the Ministerial measures is again re-
sumed. In every other particular the measure is an
admirable one, calculated to afford the greatest en-

couragement to all parties anxious to discharge the
duties they owe to the public, to bring into the high-
est degree of fertility and culture that portion of the
soil, the property of the State, which was originally
granted for the purpose of being used and made
productive, and not of being suffered to remain
barren and valueless.

The other propositions which are stated to be
under the consideration of the Government, and
which belong to the first class of measures, have for
their object the freeing of real property from the
chains and fetters by which its free transfer is
restricted, and for facilitating the sale of
encumbered estates, and thus ultimately ob-
taining a more solvent and wealthy proprietary,
and also for converting the long leasehold tenures
for lives, redeemable for ever, into perpatuities. This
latter provision was strongly recommended in the
Report of Lord DEVON'S Commission, and will get
rid of much annoyance and inconvenience to all
parties. Means will also be taken, as far as possible,
to establish the same degree of connexion between
landlord and tenant that now happily exists in Great
Britain. It is impossible to overrate the importance
and beneficial effects of these contemplated measures
when brought into perfect execution. The full ad-
vantages may not be immediately attained, but they
will imperceptibly tend to, and ultimately produce, a
healthier state in the local relationship between land-
lord and tenant.

A letter from Berne of the 26th ult. says—
" There is great talk here about a visit made yesterday to
the President of the Directory, M. Frank,
,by the Count de
Reinhard, first secretary of the French Embassy, the osten-
sible object of which was to announce that he would fill
the office of charge d'atfaires during the absence of the
Ambassador, M. Bois-le-Comte. But this interview was of
a much greater importance, if it be true, as asserted, that M.
Reinhard held a language which proves that the affair of
Cracow has had a powerful re-action on the conduct to be
followed in future by France towards Swiss cantons hostile
to the separatist cantons. M. Reinhard is said to have ex-
pressed himself in terms leaving no doubt on this point, that
the French Government had positively refused to join in
the.demonstrations of the Austrian, Prussian, and Russian
Cabinets."

Madrid papers to the 24th have arrived.

The Dui.ceof SOTOMAYOR having failed in his endea-
vours to form a Cabinet, had resigned the task. The
QUEEN then sentfor Senor Moti, who, however, persisted
in his refusal to attempt the construction of a Ministry,
and eventually the Marquis DE MmArLonEs undertook
to attempt, in conjunction with Senor CASTRO Y Ouozco,
the construction of a Cabinet of which Senor BRAvo
MURILLO and Senor PACHECO should be members. As
Senor PACRECO objects to join any Ministry of which

think of identifying the national character of France
with the repulsive and isolated acts of a self-dis-
honoured man. By suffering the diplomatic dispu-
tation to terminate, Lord PALMERSTON would be
observing a silence which could not fail of being
gratefully construed by the French into a graceful
commiseration on our part for the cruel position into
which they have been brought by M. GUIZOT. All
that has hitherto passed in the French Legislature
was based upon the garbled and mutilated documents
which their own Minister had laid before the Cham-
bers. A due vindication of the injuries she has re-
ceived, France herself, it may be safely depended
upon, will not be slow to require. Hu-
manity itself is shocked at the bare contem-
plation of M. GUIZOT'S public career. But yester-
day, as it were, how high and fair stood the temple
of his fame How tremendous the crash with which
it has now fallen to the earth ! The melancholy
ruins will ever present a fearful warning to present
and future statesmen against courting the favour of
royalty at the expense of their country's good.
The last dispatch of M. GUIZOT requires no com-
ment. It is of a piece with all his former ones—
Teluin imbelle sine ictu. Completely jesuitical and
absolutely repulsive throughout, it is at the same time
fraught with palpable contradictions and attenuated
hypocrisy. Untruths are reiterated with wonderful
pertinacity, notwithstanding that Lord PALMERSTON
had previously scattered them to the winds. It is
somewhat facetious in M. GUIZOT to observe " We
must have looked to the things themselves, and not
merely to the form of the communications and influ-
ences." And yet M. GUIZOT'S chief pretext against
Lord PALMERSTON was built upon the fact, that the
name of a Prince of the house of Coburg happened to
be at the head of a list, enumerated by Lord PAL-
MERSTON, of candidates for the hand of the Queen
of SPAIN. This formal arrangement of names
in a dispatch, and not a candid regard to
" things themselves," was insidiously twisted by
M. GUIZOT into a marked preference on our side in
favour of the Prince at the top of the list. The task
would be a loathsome one to travel through the shuffling
discrepancies of the last missive to the French Am-
bassador. They all lie bare on the surface, and speak
for themselves, which happily renders it unnecessary
for Lord PALMERSTON to take any further notice of
a subject which, from first to last, has been charac-
terised, on the one side, by contemptible intrigue,
and, oa the other, by unimpeachable integrity.

We have already expressed our cordial approbation
of the Government proposition for an extended poor-
law in Ireland, giving a right to the destitute and im-
poverished to obtain the -relief which their necessities
may require. Although it came last in order of the
three modes of interference, by which it is hoped that
country may be permanently benefited, its vast im-
portance induced us to give it the precedence it
deserved, and to postpone to a subsequent period our
observations on the earlier suggestions offered by th,
Premier. The first great principle laid down is to
render such assistance to individual proprietors as to
enable them to improve their properties, and at the
same time to afford the greatest possible degree of
employment to the surplus labour of the country.
The measure that has already been resolved on for
this purpose has been for some time befure the public,
having been put forward in the Treasury minute of
the Ist December, and the explanatory letter of Mr.
TREVELYAN. It was at that time fully commented
on, and received with the greatest approbation by all
classes in every part of the kingdom. By the amend-
ments that will be introduced the Drainage Acts wil
be consolidated, the difficulties that have hitherto pre-
vented them from being made fully available and pro-
ductive of that national advantage which might
reasonably have been hoped for from their general
adoption, will be obviated. The tenant for life will
be enabled to obtain that assistance as readily as the
owner in fee, when it shall be established, by compe-
tent evidence, that the improvement, of whatever de-
scription it may be, whether by draining, embank-
ing, reclaiming, or otherwise, may increase the
permanent value of the land to such an extent, that
the persons having remote interests may not be pre-
judiced, or their future incomes diminished
The rate, however, of that increase we conceive to
have been fixed at too high a standard : the
Ist and 2d Wm. 4, c. 33, which, as amended by sub-
sequent statutes, has been taken as the bask of the
new enactments, provides that the increase of value
consequent on such an outlay shall be at least ten per
centum on the amount proposed to be expended there-
on. At the time that this was fixed on as the mini-
mum rate the period for the repayment of the full
loan was far shorter than that to which it is now
about to be extended. The interest, too, was charge-
able at not less than five per cent., whereas 31
only will now be required. The entire advance will,
by the present arrangement, be liquidated by half-
yearly instalments, at the rate of 61 per cent. per
annum ; and surely the rights of the remainder-man
would be sufficiently protected if the estimated im-
provement were equivalent to the annual charge,
and that 61 were substituted for ten per cent.
per annum; indeed, when the object for which
those advances are to be made is taken into considera-

, -
• ',Al—,
i' , , i ott WI .1,44 , , A ,it 4
Ati ' '.ti '•
' • • ' -
I'i'll..-,, - .11110V)V4s, °Z,..,,;:' , . 444 \‘'
, fh.
9„, ' '...s e'L ,c7.'" .:',.,' ~,' ,•.''. t:... ", - XII, '',i,.. s
1S U 1 4 tt,:s.r. : "s' . ....,, ."... ' 40 T
....-- ...-,