The Sun.
London, England, 1841-04-19 00:00:00

AUSTRALIAN EMIGRATION.
AT a numerous and bighly respectable
the MEETING cf persons interes.ted in the prosperity of
tit(E Al' COLONY of NEW SOUTH WALL'..3, held
It, the George and Vulture Tavern,.Wthe City of Lender, on
alonday the sth day ofApril, I'l4l convened for the se
t't elmsid •
b ering the "CONDITIONS" recently promulgated
_)_,,!ne Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners, touch-
-1,,e; the future conduct of Bounty Emigration, and to decide on
se measures ne• essary in order to obtain their annulment,
and thereby avert the alarming injury they are 'calculated to
t.'dtice as respects the future supply of labour to New,Sonth
ales,
CHARLES
...
It Was ARRY BALDWIN, Esq., M.P., in the Chair,
moved by STUART DONALDSON, Esq., seconded by
CHARLES LEE, Esq, and
_Resolved unanimously,
That the latest accounts from New South Wales represent
tb" demand for labour in that colony to be more pressing and
*.trynt than at any former period ; wag-eshad risen enormously,
72"ytt.re exi-ected to be still higher ; the flock owners were
finable to obtain shepherds at all approximating to the number
alliolutely necessary for their proper care; great apprehen-
awillr,were
.entertained that moot of the forthcoming harvest.
v‘xil promised to be very abundant, would perish in the fields
av:d 'ant of a sufficient supply of labour to reap and store it;
NI all the great interests of the colony were very seriously.
_ rn
anger, d from the alarming deficiency of labour. A Co-
letttee of the Legislative Council,of which the Bishop of A ustra-
ws Chairman, in their Report to the Council in September
Zistale, that "Every department of industry is cramped;
no undertaking. public or private, can be prosecuted ex-
vet at an inimei.se expense, owing to the exorbitant rite of
wages, and the inconceivable difficulty in procuring workmen,
servants, or mechanics, upon any terms whatever; there is no
?art of the colony in which it may not be truly said that there
ilal, &viral dearth of binds to carry on the ordinary business.
the instance of skief p farming, the distress arising from want
0
` shepherds is almost ineredibl,. Thus a very fatal check is
tut upon the advancing prosperity of the Colony."
s was moved by 'THOMAS Icybev, Esq., of New South Wales,
seconded by ALEI3NDER SMITH, Esq., of Liverpool, and
Reselre a' unanimously,
That in the opinion of this meeting it is in the highest de-
fro" important that the supply of labour from these kingdoms
New south Wales should be encouraged and promoted by all
Practicable means, and that every possible facility ancl encourage-
:ffowt, consistent with the existing law of the land, should be
ded to all persons engaged in supplying it. In a. Report
of the Committee of the Legislative Council of New South
dales, they state "that to permit immigration to be suspended
checked in its extent, would be to seal the death-warrant
~felonial prosperity, and to expose to certain ruin the
heated
flourishing and extending interests which have been
ter! in the Colonyland it may also be truly affirmed that any
in the supply of labour to New South Wales is also cal-
-Ivd, by reflection, to be highly injurious to the best inte-
ts of the Mother Country.
,s4k;t,,ssas moved by EDWARD DtvErr, Esq.. M.P., seconded
91a 'lollx GitcnßlST, Esq., of Glasgow, and
*Nt-ftltesotired unanimously,
i-*Xtat In Meeting considers -The Bounty of Emi-
Vq°ll.", ovhiel was originated and established in the Colony,
If i,70 Colonial authorities, under the administration of Sir
tgjpjiißourke, to have been a most valuable means of ob-
wng the necessary supply of Labour, and to have conferred
benefit on the Colony. It is estimated that upwards of
sh."'u persons emigrated to New South Wales last year under
(Is2Peration of the Bounty system, and in the present year,
au there is reason to believe that a vastly increased supply
a_.'"u be furnished under this invaluable system, if left, as here-
"sre, to the energy of those engaged in sending it out,
141abackled by the imposition of unnecessary and obstructive
`'conditions 4 In their estimate of the great value of the
Cunty system, this Meeting has the entire concurrence of Sir
orge
pps who, in a despatch to the Secretary of State
fa; the Colonies, present, d to, and printed by order of Parlia-
teeth, says " the Bounty system, however, has been found so
far u "or to that Of Government Emigration, both as
to
the d pef.
escrOon of persons supplied by it, and the cost
", their, passage, . that it appears to me very doubtful
whether any other should be persevered hi ;" and in another
de sPateh the Governor, speaking of the Report which had then
recently
t been presented by the Committee on Emigration in
the Colony to the Legislative Council, thus expresses himself :
:I' lam in no way able to dispute the correctness of the con-
usions of the Committee, in respect to the superiority of the
'runty system over that which is carried on by the immediate
per of Government. The Bounty system is found to be 4/.
head, or about 21 per cent. cheaper than the Government
11stern, reckoning men, women, and children all alike, and
making no difference for the quality of the emigrants ; but if
Luis difference be taken into consideration, and especially the
~,11"iler proportion of children introduced b the Bounty sys-
rf, the advantage of that system must he estimated consi-
7erably higher, and I sin inclined to think with the Ccrnmit-
r, that 200 Government emigrants cost as much as 300
a,eunty ones of equal value to the Colony." This, it should be
"!inctiv borne in mind, is the voluntary testimony of the Go-
lernor of the Colony, in his official communications to the
"eretary of State. As respects that most important consi-
deration—the comparative 'tate of health on board Govern-
tent and Bounty ships conveying passengers to New South
.n'alee, it was stated in evidence before the Committee of the
"".14at•v Council at Sydney in 1839, that the relative loss of
•
ail the voyage was as follows, viz. :--
Government BOunty

Ships. Ships.
Of the aggregate number on board lin 16 ... lin 34
Ditto of Adults ... lin 45 . lin 99
Ditto of Children
2,1 the Report of the Committee of 1840, on Immigration,
presented to the Legislative Council, of which the Bishop of
Australia was the Chairman, the Committee state—" In pri-
e ships,under the Bounty system, there were embarked 884
..dolts, viz., 423 Males and 4t31 Females, and 170 Children—
itghty male and hinety female. The register of deaths among
gern has not been preserved, as will be found stated i n the
Ndence. As, however, no ships of this class have been placed
iti quarantine during the past season, it is reasonable to believe,
141 it is, indeed, a matter of general notoriety, that the irnmi-
kanta by Bounty ship-have arrived invariably in a state of good
Ith:end that the casualties at sea have been exceedingly few."
LivaS and
by JAMES JOHN CUMMINS, Esq., seconded by
Nxii. CAMPBELL, LsQ., and
Resolved unanimously,
That thus proved beyond all quectien, as the superiority of
Pplioutity system has been, as a medium for supplying labour to
Colony, it is a duty of the most urgent obligation on the
Vrt of the Government of this country, to encourage and pro-
-4_ • that system by affording every possible facility and free-
tauus. from all unnecessary interference with those engaged in
lattll.4 it un, consistent with the provisions of the existing
2,42', the lard, and the stringent regulations in force in
c," Noah Wales. as respects all persons introduced into the
''.lol:iy under the Bounty system.
It was moved by WILLIAM BROWN, Esq., seconded by
ROBERT Bitooxs, Esq., and

Resolved unanimously,
That this Meeting has learnt with great alarm, that, acting
Issder the representations made to him by the Colonial Land
d Emigration Commissioners, the Secretary. of State for the
.. silonies has permitted them to interfere seriously, and most
t!'isriously, with those engaged in conducting Bounty emigra-
,'so in virtue of authority from the Colonial Government, and
under strictly-defined conditions and regulations on the part of
that Government; that the Commissioners have actually
Issued
certain " conditions" of a most oppressive, and, as this
Lseeting entirely believes, wholly uncalled for nature ; which
Conditions" are a direct infraction of the contracts entered
ri
ts by the Colonial Government with persons resident in the
e.I
1611 y, the effect of which, if persevered in, will, this Meeting
hay reason to believe, be the immediate and large diminution
‘lt the supply of labour under the Bounty system, and its even-
t and early abandonment by those engaged in it.
eyed by Jolts LAMBERT, Esq., seconded by HENRY
FLOWER, Esq., and
That
unanimously,
lhat these consequences, so pregnant with cause for alarm,
tIo and so greatly to be deprecated, will have a powerful tendency
th diminish, if not almost entirely to stop, the sale of land in
Colony ; the source,svhence the means of furnishing the
44.1ajsite supply of labour is derived, inasmuch as in the event
rrf the aftels owners being comp.elled to diminish their flocks,
a's the impossibility of obtaining shepherds and labourers_,
a3' cannot require any increase of pasture, nor will fresh
littal be invested by others in the production of the grea•
;t4ple of the Colony: thus the means of defraying the cost of '
411veying out emigrants will be seriously endangered.
sved by WILLIAM WALKER, Esq, seconded by GEORGE
HAY DoNALDSON, Esq., and
Resolved unanimously,
That this Meeting is desirous that all practicable security
/'tl'l comfort should be afforded to all persons emigrating under
h._ Colonial Bounties ; and is of opinion that the all-sufficient
rvisions of the Passengers Act, and the stringent regulations,
,Igidly enforced as they are, by the Colonial Government, as
,4Pects the introduction of labour under its authority (with-
ilkt- full and literal compliance with which the parties intro-
Zeil.ss it cannot obtain payment of the bounties), afford ample
rte.stion and security to all persons proceeding to New
Oath Woks at the Colonial cost ; and this Meeting is fully
ivt,arne out in this view by
tees of the Legislative Counc;l, acting
dived
the appointment of the Governor.
by J. GORE, Esq., seconded by H. BUCKLE, Esq., and
Resolved unanimously,
That the following Gentlemen (of whom five shall be a quo-
-1%
. :f1), viz., Stuart Donaldson, Esq , Thomas Iceley, Esq. Ed-
u, Divett, Esq., M.P., John S. Brownrigg, Esq. 111.P.'
Charles Barry Baldwin, Esq., M.P., Thomas Walker, Esq.,
ilk~liam Brown, Esq., Francis Mowatt, Esq., William Walker,
",li• Robert Brooks, Esq., Arthur Willis, Esq., James John
3 Vin us,
Esq., Henry Buckle, Esq., George Fife Angas,'Esq.,
olio L, A dEsq., John Gilchrist, Esq. (of Glasgow),
Tex. Smith, Esq. (of Liverpool), Robert How, Esq., and
rJohn Gore, Esq., be, and are hereby appointed, a Committee,
1-0 tilts such measures, by communicating with the Secretary
*I State for the Colonies, the Members of the Legislature, and
°therwise, as to them shall seem to be expedient, in order to
avert the serious evils which this meeting apprehends will in-
. Ivitably be produced, as respects Bounty emigration, if the
a; °Posed interference of the Land and Emigration Commis-
Vuers shall be permitted by thee Secretary of State.
"wiled by ARTHUR WILLIS, Esq., seconded by CHARLES
GORE, Esq., aid

resolved unanimously,
t,,i4at should the Committee,contrary to the earnest hope and
Bute
of this Meeting, fail in inducing the Secretary of
ilte to order the annulment of the " conditions," dated
ll.! March, 1841, promulgated by the Land and Emigration
missioners, a Petition be, without delay, prepared, signed,
/14 presented ie the House of Commons, praying that
etlotrabls House to appoint a Committee to investigate
.tatements made to the Colonial Department by the Land
,te
a„, 1 , .migration Commissioners, respecting Bounty emigration,
which were presented to the House of Commons on the
tota of February last, and printed by its order, and generally
kr inquire into and report thereon, and on the best means
Ninfurnishing the requisite supply of labour to New South
their and that until such Committee shall be appointed,
r report presented, and the measures consequent thereupon
nil have been definitively decided upon, Lord John Russell be
p"Peet etfnlly dons,ry earnestly solicited to direct that the
condi ' promulgated by the Land and Etnigra-
ttonst, umwrnissioners, touching Bounty emigration, be entirely
)415ended.
"ed by Enwsao DIVETT, Esq., and seconded by ARTHUR
Wants, Esq., and
Resolved unanimously.
iltat the warmest thanks of this Meeting, as well as of all
V.:‘ons feeling an interest in the great Colony of New
allth Wales, and in the well-being and comfort of the
Z7oriNng population of the mother country, are justly due to
MARSHALL, Esq., for the eminent services he has
1..
list;,,uered in sending out a large and steady supply of efficient
`st "ur, under the Bounty system.
"4 by DAVID FORBES, Esq., seconded by
GotsviN, Esq., and
Thßesolveji unanimously,
rtee.
the authorised to publish these Resole.
tic, at the Comm.;roing Herald, Morning Chronicle,
• and in such other publications
tbn4l 118 in the Times, ~:
tCra, The Sun, and Globe, —;ew of giving the most
I",kten,lYmay deem proper, with the
Alovern Publicity to them.
by Jonx MARSHALL, Esq., seconded by
Baowx, Esq., and
Carr.
g„ le bl,
nat thed besy taccan thksamati ofon this Meeting are due to Charles
(14 trhY Baldwin, Esq., M. P., for his kindness in taking the Chair
side,,ll occasion, and for the manner in which he has pre-
CHARLES -BARRY BALDWIN, Chairman.

WILLIAM