The Sun.
London, England, 1823-09-02 00:00:00

LITERARY NOTICE.

GRAPHICAL and LITERARY ILLUSTRATIONS of
FONTHILL ABBEY, Wiltshire; with Heraldical and
Genealogical Notes of the BEcxFo um Family. By JOHN
BRITTON, Fellow of the Society of Antiquarians of Lon-
don, &c. &c. &c.

The beautiful mansion to which the present
work relates has long been considered as one of
the chief modern ornaments of this country. It
would seem strange that, after having ex-
pended a princely fortune in the erection and
embellishment of so magnificent a place, the late
proprietor should he induced to resign it, if daily
experience did not manifest the fleeting nature of
all human enjoyments. The place, however, has
excited so much notice, that people of all ranks,
who could afford means for the journey, have vi-
sited it, in order to take a farewell view of what
will, perhaps, soon be closed to the Public at
large.----This object of general curiosity naturally
attracted the attention of Mr. BRITTON, and has
led to the publication of this elegant and beau-
tiful work. To those who have not had an op-
portunity of visiting the spot, it will be pecu-
liarly acceptable, as it affords a full description
of the whole, as far as relates to its architectural
formation. Those also who have seen its va-
rious beauties, will feel great pleasure in having
their recollections recalled and embodied, as
weu may graphic and literary trea-
sure. which are well exe-
cuted, ,exhibit the edifice and the surrounding
s Tshaey engraving;, b ytllis
scenery in various points of view ; and the
beauties of the interior are also represented
in a very striking and interesting manner.—lt
might be supposed, that as this work was chiefly
excited by the notoriety of the subject for some
time past, it was brought forward to gratify
the fashionable humour of the moment, but, in
justice to the Author, it is proper to state,
that it is evidently the production of deep re-
search, laborious industry, accurate science, and
refined taste, and it must occupy
.a distinguished
place among works of the same nature, and be a
valuable addition to every public and private
collection.

ELECTION OF A NEW POPE.

Preparations, it appears, are making at Rome

for proceeding-to the eleCtion of a new Pope

The Constituiionnel gives the following historical
account of the mode of election, and of the cere-
monies observed on that occasion :
" The manner of giving, Chief to the Church, has, like
other worldly things,"experienced many changes. The four
first Popes designated their successors. After them the Clergy
of Rome appropriated the right of election to itself. The '
Western Emperors, the'Greek Alonarclis, and the Successors
of Charlemagne, afterwards wished to obtain a share in it ;
but little by little, the Romans having shaken off their depend-
ence on the Emperors, ceased to invite their Ambassadors to
the election of Popes. The Clergy of RQme then began by
degrees to deprive the people of the part which it was used to
take in the election, and succeeded in excluding it entirely
about the middle of the twelfth century; and thirty-six years
after, the Cardinals assumed the right of election exclusively
to themselves. As soon as the Holy Father has expired, the
Cardinal Chamberlain in a purple dress presents himself at the
door of his chamber and "knocks three times with a gold ham-
mer, calling each time the Pope by his Christian, family, and
Papal names. Aftera short time he says in presence of the
clerks of the chamber and the apostolical notaries, who take
act of that ceremony : "He is then dead." The Fisherman's
ring is: then brought to the Cardinal, who breaks it with the
same hammer. He then takes possession of the .Vatican in
the name of the Apostolic Chamber. After haVing established

his authority in that place, he Benda guards to take posses.

sion of the gates of the City and of the Castle of St.. Angelo,
and when he has provided for the safety of Rome, he quits the
Vatican in a carriage, preceded by the Captain of the Pope's
guard, and having by his side the Swiss who generally accom-
pany his Holiness. When this march begins, the great bell of
the capital is tolled, and as it only tolls on this occasion, an-
nounces to the 'whole city the death of the Sovereign Pontiff.—
The body having been embalmed, is clad in its pontifical dress,
and, with the Mitre on its head, lies in State during three days
on a bed of parade. It is next carried with great pomp to the
Church of St. Peter's, where it 'remains nine days exposed to
public view, after which the burial takes place. The next day

the Cardinals assemble in the same Cathedral, where the oldest
of them celebrates the mass of the holy Ghoit for the election
of a new Pope. Another Prelate in a Latin oration exhorts the
Cardinals- to choose an individual worthy of so eminent a
station, after which they all march in procession behind the
Papal Cross, the musicianisinging the hymn, " Veal, Creator!"
to the Hall of Conclave, which occupies a large portion of the
Vatican. The large rooms of that Palace are divided by tem-
porary partitions, into what are called cells, which arc subdi-
vided
_again into little rooms and closets. Every Cardinal has his
own, for him, and his assistants, and it is only large enough to
hold u bed, five or six chairs, and a table. The hour of holding
the Conclave being come, a bell is rung to cause the Ambassa-
dors, Princes, and Prelates, and other persons of distinction,
who flay be present to retire. .When they are all gone out, the
doors and 'windnws are walled up, with the exception of one,
which throwa but a dim light upon the Conclave. The only
communication with the exterior is by the means of tours in
the "Same shipe as ilioke used in• Convents" ef Nuns. Ono
door is also kept for the, removal of any Cardinal who may
be ill, but who loses, the 'eight of giving an active vote, if
he retires. The mode of election now in use is by secret
ballot. Two Chalices stand on a long table in. the Chapel of
Sixtus, into which the Cardinals deposit their Bulletins con-
taining the name of the individual for whom they vote. One
of the Scrutators reads it aloud, whilst two others mark the
number of votes for each individual, , by the • side of his name,
on the large tablet where all those of the Cardinals are inscribed.
Whoever obtains two-thirds of the votes present is canonically
elected. Ills name is immediately proclaimed aloud, and the
Cardinals sitting on his right and left rise and quit their places.
Ills consent is asked, when it is given, the Cardinals, beginning
by the oldest, perform the first " adoration ;" that is to say,
kiss big foot, and then his band I The first Card* Deacon
announces the election to the people, and the artillery of the
Castle of St. Angelo and the bells of the city spread the news
afar. Tha people are then allowed to break into the Conclave
and to carry Wall they can."

were gone to Oti Sunday, whilst the family
divine service some daring thieves, by means of
picklock keys,
opened the 'front door Of Mr. Gillmun's house,
iu Orange-place, Vauxhall
road, and stole several articles.

In our preceding columns we have given some
extracts from the Moniteur and other Paris Pa-
pers of Saturday, the principal intelligence of
which was, however, anticipated by the arrival
of our Express yesterday. If any thing more
had been wanting to prove the real quality
of the French accounts, it would be found
in the concluding passage of the Bulletin trans-
mitted by Major-General Count GuiLLEMINOT,
where it is asserted, with the utmost composure,
that the French army of Catalonia have obtained
brilliant advantages over the Constitutionalists,
not only, in 04 siege of Barcelona, but urn all
the affairs that have taken place during the
campaign !! ! " This is really excellent !—Who
can doubt that the Cortes are.the mo't sapid and
obstinate of men, now that it has been declared,
On the authority of the Duke Ot_4SiGOULEME'S
Major-General, that even in Catalonia their
troops have uniformly done nothing but yield
brillinat advantages to the French ! The Bul.
letin is dated on the 19th at Port St. Mary, three
days after the arrival of the Prince Generalissimo.
So far from saying any thing of negociations,
it speaks of the new activity which will
be given to the operations againt Cadiz, in
consequence of the arrival of the reinforcements !
Neither is there a word of expectation that the
KING will soon be liberated, or that Cadiz will
be speedily delivered up! Alicant and Cartha-
gena continued to hold out, notwithstanding the
orders for their submission, alleged to have been
sent to them by BALLASTEROS. Indeed, it
is suspected, not without some shew of reason,
that the pretended orders of BALLASTEROS
to the different garrisons under his command
are pure. inventions of the French. Both
BALLASTEROS and MoLZroa continue in their
former positions, as if an armistice only had
been agreed on between those two commanders;
and it is even asserted in 'a private letter, that
the former is to resume hostilities if in a given
time the terms of his proposed capitulation
are not ratified by the Cortes. There is no pos-
sibility of arriving at the whole truth in this
matter. One thing only is certain, on the
shewing of Count GUILLEMINOT himself, and
that is, that the Army of BALLASTEROS has
not actually united with the corps, of MOLI-
TOR, and that on the contrary the continu-
ance of the latter at Granada would seem to be
for no other purpose than that of watching the

army of the former ! The story of the' five days"
allowed to he Constitutionalists within Cadiz by
the Duke d'al tiGOULEME, is now treated with ge-
neral ridicule. But a new ground of hope has been
discovered for the partisans of the French, and
Was yesterday adverted to, in the simplicity of
his heart, by our City Correspondent. The
assailants have made their advances to within

istol shot of the Troradero, and after they shall

have stormed that fort, they will be able to
bombard Cldiz ! As 'for the " five days',"
it might almost be thought that there is
something ominous in that number as connected

with the siege of Cadiz ; for General SAILRAZIN,
in his History of the-War in Spain and Portugal,
from 1807 to 1814, 8 a..i/ (p. 120), 4‘ The French
paid dearly for the neglect of five days, as
the delay made them lose
,Cadir, ; and this city
being then the seat of Government, it ought to
have been considered as a focus of patriotism,
which would animate the resistance of the pro.
vinces against their Conquerors!" With regard to,

the Trocadero, the trench had possession of it lit
their former memorable siege of Cadiz, without
being able to derive from it any important
advantage. General SARRAZIN says, (page
r 54), that although many courageous sorties
were made during the siege, they were ren-
dered abortive by the superior numbers ot
the besiegers, and by the strength of the
French redoubts !—" Even In the beginning
of October the French batteries were already
mounted with above thrpe hundred heavy
guns !-7'rocadero, Port Real, and Chielana,
were fortified (by the French), with care!
Marshal SOULT presided over all these works!"
The Duke of ANGOULEME has not the meanS. of

attacking Cadiz with the same effect as Marshal.
SOULT hatl in the last war !—The fate of
Cadiz depends entirely on the Constitutionalists
within its walls, and not on the efforts of the
enemy without. If the Government, the Cortes,
and the garrison, are true to themselves, the
French must ntgociate or retreat !

CIL Y, Twelve o'Clock.--This being a Holiday,
both the Bank and Stock Exchange are closed ;
but the Foreign Market is open, owing ter its
being Pay-day in ail Foreign Securities.—l do not
hear of any failures in the Foreign Market; but
a great deal of accommodation has taken place.
Some private bargains have been done in Consols
at 83 for the Account, Sellers. In the Foreign

Market little is doing : Spanish opened at 368,
were done at 36k, and are now 37. Colombia
opened at 45-44-44 f—to 45,—a1l other Fo-
reign Securities remain stationary. There was a
current report in the earlier part of the morning that
two Expresses had arrived from Paris, with an
account of the Cortes having rejected the terms
of the Duke of Abrooutzstz. I Cannot trace the
above report to any authentic source. The pub•
lic are anxiously waiting the arrival of the next
Express from France, which, no doubt, will corn•
municate important events.

Dispatches, transmitted by an estafetle, by
way of Dover, were received this morning at the
Fureign Office, Downing-street.

Yesterday morning an Italian courier arrived
at the Foreign Office, Downing-street, with dis-
patches from Rome.
Letters from Berlin say, that his MAJEPTY in-
tends visiting the celebrated Baths of Doberan,
in Mecklenburg!), prior to the military reviews
in autumn.

The iron trade in the counties of Salop and
Stafford are in the fullest state of activity ; the
, prices are low, but the 'demand for the article
lexceeds the supply ; and almost every one that
can handle a hammer is employed in the nail
trade ; the population are contented and happy,
yet many of our workmen from the furnaces are
enticed over to France, with a promise of higher
wages, but the climate and living does not agree
with the English constitution. Some of the men
have written to say that they have begun to eivilize
the French character, by teaching them the hu-
mane and pleasing amusement of cock-;fighting
and bull-beefing; and which they can enjoy with-
out having the fear of the constable before their
eyes.

GOLDEN•LANE BREWERY.--The anntial gene.
ml meeting of the proprietors of this extensive concern took
place at the City of London Tavern on Thursday. last, Mr.
SwAsr in the Chair. Much anxiety was expressed by some of
the shareholders to ascertain ay.-amount of dividend about to
be declared, as the price of malt and hops had been so favour.
able to Brewers in general ; and inquiries were made with
respect to several eligible offers that had been received for the
purchase of the whole property. The Chairman in an eloquent
address explained the various points • and previous to COT!.
firming the minutes of the last general meeting, a resolution
was proposed and carried by a large majority, that a committee
of respectable shareholders should be appointed to act with the
directors to investigate certain matters, and to detide on the
propriety of entertaining any offer that had or might be made
for the purchase of their valuable property.—The meeting then
adjourned till November next, when the. annual election of
directors and auditors will take place.
The roaster of a Greek vessel and his crew
astonished the inhabitants of Marseilles a short

time since by carrying thecargo of their small
vessel, consisting of rice, to the market-place
and distributing it gratis to the poor. It may
easily be supposed that their customers increased
hourly when the circumst.ances were made known ;
and several other cargoes might have been speedi.
ly disposed of on tire, same terms. These pbor
men, it seems, were caught in a dreadful storm
in the Mediteraneau ; and having betaken them-
selves to prayers, according to the forms of
the Greek Church, they made a vow to give their
cargo to the poor if Providence should be pleased
to spare their vessel and their lives for the sake
of their wives and families. The storm abated,
and they gaitied Marseilles in safety, ►+ here they
rigidly performed their vow.. It is to be observ-
ed, that the master and crew of a Greek vessel
are all joint owners, in certain proportions, of
ship and cargo.

We arty sorry to state, that the difference be-
tween the Knareshro' Linen Manufacturers and
their Weavers are not yet adjusted.—(Leeds
MercurN).

DIiEADFUL SE/ICTOE.-011 Sunday, between
twelve and one o'clock, a soldier of the 3d regiment of Foot
guards, named Bradshaw, was seen walking through Portland-
town with a female, apparently of. low character; they went
into Alr. White's, Portland Arms, Portland-town, where the
soldier drank half a pint of porter, and the woman a glass of
gin ; he then appeared perfectly collected, and paid for what
he had, and walk.,d up into the fields. In about 10 or 12 ins-
nutes after, the woman ran out of the field to three soldiers who
were walking als%-ig the road, and in very great agitation ex-
claimed, " For Ciact's sake make haste into the next field, a sol-
dier says he will cut his throat—le has got a razor;" but they
laughed at her. In a few minutes after a man crossing. fho
field saw a soldier in undress clothing lying on Hi face, appar-
eruly asleep, hut on nearer appro.:eh he found the soldier was
weltering in his bloods he turned the body, and found the man
had nearly severed his head from his body. The body was
removed to the Portland Arms, and there it was discovered to
he that of the soldier who had drank in the house only a little
time before. This female has not since been beard of,