The Sun.
London, England, 1849-12-20 00:00:00

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CRIMINAL COURT.--THIS DAY.)

OLD C:0 UR7'.

(Before Mr. Justice COLERIDGE and Mr. Baron
ROLFE
A respectably attired man, named Hugh Swan, aged
38, described as a draper, was indicted for a mis-
demeanour.
Mr. Clarkson, with whom was Mr. Huddlestene,
appeared for the prosecution, and Mr. James and Mr.
Parry for the defence.
Mr. Cr.aartsoN stated the case. The indictment,
he said, was preferred under the 56th Vic. chap. 102,
sec. 34 and 35, commonly known as the New
Bankruptcy Act; the first-named section provided
that any party in a state of bankruptcy
destroying any papers and documents, or
altering any of his books and accounts,
wi.h the view of deceiving or cheating his
creditors within three months previously to the
issuing of a fiat in bankruptcy against him, should Le
deemed guilty of a misdemeanour, and upon convic-
tion liable to be imprisoned for a period not exceeding
three years. The second-named section enacted that
any party obtaining credit within a certain period
before his bankruptcy, with the same intent as in the
previous instance, should be deemed guilty of a mis-
demeanour, and upon conviction liable to be impri-
soned for a period not exceeding two years. The
defendant in this case was a linendraper, who
formerly carried on business in Hanway-court,
Oxford-street, and High street, Camden-town, and
the facts which it was proposed to prove against him
had been gathered from his own lips. It would
be shown almost beyond a doubt that he had
destroyed memoranda having reference to goods
which were in his possession, with intent to defraud
his creditors. The fiat issued against him on
the 28th April in the present year, but by the
declaration of the defendant it would seem that his
affairs had been going wrong ever since he had corn•
silenced business. In the month of September, 1848,
or thereabouts, however, the defendant made the
acquaintance of a man named Burton, who would be
called as a witness. This Burton lived in the Broad-
way, Fleet-street, where he carried on the business of
an auctioneer, and the defendant had from time to
time been in the habit of forwarding to him large
quantities of goods to be disposed of without reserve.
He made certain memoranda of the goods sold in this
way, and received certain account sales in return
with the amounts the goods fetched ; but by
his own confession it would be shown that
he had destroyed these, and it would be the
duty of the jury to decide whether or no he
did so for the purpose of defrauding his creditors.
That was the offence to be urged against the
defendant under the first-mentioned section
of the Bankruptcy Consolidation Aet. 'With regard
to the second offence it would be brought before the
Court in this way. In the month of March, of the
present year, the buyer of the defendant applied to
Messrs. Porson and Co., warehousemen, to sell the
defendant a certain quantity of goods, but Messrs.
Porson and Co. declined to sell the goods until Mr.
Porson had seen the defendant upon the subject.
Mr. Port on saw the defendant accordingly, when he
represented that his affairs were as flourishing then
as they were in 1847, when he made a large pur-
chase of another representative of .Messrs. Person and
Co's. house, in fact that he was 1,5001. better than
solvent, and upon the strength of this declaration he
was supplied with goods to the extent of 1001. This,
the jury would observe was in March; in the
following month the defendant became a bank-
rupt. The goods sold on this occasion
by Messrs. Porson and Co. had not been
traced since the issue of the fiat, nor could
any papers or accounts be found in the possession of
the defendant having reference to them ; but it had
been ascertained that in the same month of March
Burton sold for him, in the manner already described,
1,0001. worth of goods, while by the declaration of
the bankrupt himself it appeared that in all Burton
had sold for him about 20 parcels of goods within 18
months prior to the issue of the fiat, 3001. or 7001.
worth of which having been so disposed of between
the Ist of March and the 28th of April, 184 g. It
would be shown that the goods sent in this way were
in the same condition as when the defendant received
them from his creditors, and it was therefore quite
clear that the sales between March and April consti-
tuted an offence under the second-named section of
the Act of Parliament.

The issuing of the fiat was then proven, as well as
the adjudication under ; but, upon cross-examination,
it turned out that the examination of the bankrupt
was taken in private, and not before a Commissioner.
The bankrupt, moreover, was examined without any
previous caution, that what he should say would be
taken down in writing, and might be used against
him in a court of law.

Mr. JAMES, under these circumstances, objected to
the admission of the proceedings as evidence, on the
ground that the examination had not been taken
before a Commissioner, as the Act of Parliament pro-
vided, to whom any objection could have been made
of illegality of particular questions ; and, secondly,
because the examination was of a compulsory charac-
ter, and it would, therefore, be opposed to the first
principle of evidence to admit it as evidence against
the examinant. Mr. Justice Pattison had laid it
down that a bankrupt's balance-sheet could not be
received as evidence to establish a criminal charge
against him, En I here the case was much stronger,
since the Court were aware that in the examination
of a bankrupt the examinant was forced to answer
the questions put to him under pain of certain penal-
ties. In point of fact, the bankrupt was a quasi
criminal, for his refusal to answer any of the in-
quiries put to him would have subjected him to be
punished in various degrees at the discretion of the
Court of Bankruptcy.

Mr. Justice COLE-RIDGE intimated to the Learned
Council for the prosecution, that the Court would no
trouble him to reply to the first point, inasmuch as
the examination in this instance was not of a char-
acter likely to make out an offence of perjury against
the exatninant, and hence supposing a caution had
not been given, which did not appear to be the case,
it was by no means certain that any was necessary.
Mr. CLARKSON contended that there was evidence
of abundant caution, but, after the intimation of his
Lordship, he would proceed at once to the considera-
tion of the point that this examination could not be
admitted as evidence, since it had been taken in a
compulsory manner. He insisted that the examina-
tion of a hankrupt was not of a compulsory nature;
on the contrary, it was free and voluntary, and the
strongest evidence of this was the fact that bankrupt's
attorney was present to caution him not to answer
questions that were calculated to criminate himself or
bring him into trouble, or in any way to militate
against his own interest.
The COURT overruled the second objection, and
allowed the examination to be received, hampered
with a note of the objection and facts, to be hereafter
embodied in a case for the opinion of the Criminal
Court of Appeal.
Evidence was then put in to support the opening
statement of the Learned Counsel, a witness being
called to prove that at a meeting of the defendant's
creditors, on the 18th of April, the defendant, in the
presence of his own solicitor, admitted that he had
sent goods to Burton's, probably as many as 20
parcels, in the preceding 8 months ; and that he de-
stroyed the accounts of the sales, and the
memoranda relating to the goods, as he re-
ceived them from the auctioneer. He further
admitted that the statement he made to Messrs.
Porson and Co. in the previous months, of his assets
exceeding his liabilities by 1,5001., was purely ficti-
A statement was put in which had been ex-

ions.

tracted from the defendant's books, from which it
appeared that from August, 1847, when the defen-
dant commenced business, down to and including
March, 1849, his purchases of goods amounted to
8 267/. He had obtained goods besides this to the
extent of 3021., which were not entered in the books.
In the first month, namely, August, 1847, the pur-
chases amounted to only 851.; but in the last, namely,
March, 1849, they amounted to 1,6071. At the
period of his failure, the defendant's liabilities
amounted ,to 4,4001., and his assets to 1,3881. and
costs. It was elicited, however, in cross-examination,
that the defendant had offered his creditors no ob-
struction in ascertaining the state of his affairs, while
on several occasions he stated that he had sold the
goods through Burton, to obtain funds to meet his
engagements with Messrs. Porson and Co. and other
houses in the City and that he had lost as much as
700/. by one of his two shops, which he had held
jointly with a person named Smart.

(The case had not closed when our report left.)

BOW-STREET.—(THIS DAY.)
William Fairchild, a veterinary surgeon, and Charles
Waller, an omnibus proprietor, were charged as fol-
lows:

It appeared that the prisoners and others went into
the Montmouth Arms, Charles-street, Westminster, and '
regaled themselves with several glasses of brandy and-
water, and smoking cigars. Their score amounted to
ss. 6d., which they refused to pay, and left the house.
The prisoners were follows d by the landlord's son, who
asked them for the money. 1 hey refused to give it
him, and then pushed him away. The prisoners pro•
ceeded along the streets, pu.hing against every re-
spectable female they met; and on arriving opposite the
Treasury, they commenced shouting most boisterously.
They were then taken into custody.
Mr. HALL fined them each 20s. for disorderly conduct
in the street, and gave them the alternative, either of
paying the ss. 6d. to the landlord of the Monmouth
Arms, or of being convicted of the assault.
The prisoners immediately paid the ss. 6d., and also
their fines.

MARLBRU-STREET-(THIS DAY.)

THE EFFECTS OF THE BOTTLE.---Caroline Garland,
a woman of dissipated appearance, wa, chaigtql betore
Mr. Bingham, with beiLg drunk, and assaulting Mr.
Charles Wright, licensed victualler, 18, Union-street,
Middlesex Hospital.
Complainant stated that about half-past twelve o'clock

last night, he was shutting up his shop, when the de-
fendant came tip and tried to force her way into the
house. Observing that she was ict fluor he refused to
allow her to enter. She then began to abuse him, and
eventually struck him a tremendous blow on tlal fnce.
He detained her until a constab:e came up, when he gave
her in charge.
It was stated that the prisoner's friends are highly
respectable, but in consequence of her addiction to the
bottle, they had disc,:trduct her.
The prisoner, who has been at this court at least 90
times for being drunk, was fined 205., and in default; to
be committed for a month.

AN IMPUDENT THIEF.— WM. Davis was charged with
stealing from the shop of Mr. Thorp, dreper, 50,
Brewer-street, three boas, value 9s. About dusk last
evening, the prisoner was seen by the prosecutor to enter
his shop and look at some boas which were lying on the
counter, close by the door. Thinking no one w.ts
watching him, he snatched up the three boss produced,
and ran off, closely pursued by the prosecutor, who
overtook him in Windmill-street, and gave him in charge.
The prisoner was fully committed.
AN UNLUCKY REFLECTION.— John Young, a well-
known thief, was brought before Mr. Bingham, charged
with stealing a looking- glass, value 165., the property of
Mr. George Lees, upholsterer, 230, Regent-street.
Frederick Evans, clerk to the prosecutor, said last
night, about seven o'clock, he was in his employer's shop,
when he heard the shop door open very gently and im-
mediately close again. On his going to the door to see
who was there, he caught tight of the prisoner, who
was walking down the street with the glass under his
srm. Directly the prisoner discovered that he was pur-
sued he run off as fast as he could, followed by witness,
who called out "Stop thief." After a sharp chase the
prisoner was eventually stopped, and handed over to the
tender care of a constable Rho happened to pass at the
time.

The prisoner, in defence, denied stealing the glass,
and said a person gave it to him to carry into Oxford-
street, and he was to have sixpence for the job.
Mr. Evans said he was positive prisoner was the man
who stole the glass ; in fact he saw the reflection of his
face in the gla s, therefore there could not be any mis-
take as to the prisoner's identity.
The MA.OISTRATE thought it was an unfortunate re-
flection for the prisoner, and committed him for trial.;
BENEYOLENCE.—Our reporter was requested to ac-
knowledge the receipt of 21. from J. H. H., per Messrs.
Gosling and Co., for the poor-box, and the halves of
two N. notes for the use of this and nine other police
courts.

BRITISH PLIILANTUROPLC PENSION SOCIETY.—
Last evening a quarterly general meeting of this society
took place at the house of Mr. Titchiner, the Red Lion
Tavern, Fenchureh-street, for the purpose of transacting
the affairs of the society. Peter Morison, Esq., the
president of the society, was called to the chair; and
amongst the friends of the society present were Mr. L.
More, Mr. W. Fell, Mr. Browne, &c. The of jest of the
society is to give to pensioners of both sexes, of at least
sixty years of age, a weekly pension, and as a proof of
the value of the society, it net d only be mentioned that,
since its estddishruent, in 1838, the relief afforded to a
limited number of pensioners amounted to 1,1351., and
that the expenses incidental to the carrying on of the
society amounted to the inconsiderable sum of 144/
The president, vice-president, and the committee of
management were re elected; and it appearing that one
vacancy had occurred, it was resolved that, as the funds
were in a healthy state, two l emioners should be ad-
mitted as recipients of the funds of the institution, the
election in respect to whom should take place on the
6th of February next. The Chairman, in the
course of the evening, intimated that the Rev. Richard
Lee, Rector of Stepney, would shortly preach a sermon
in aid of the funds of the institution, and much good
v.as anticipated frt,na this kind act on the part of the
Rev. Gentleman. In addition to the usual weekly al•
lowance granted to the pensioners, it was proposed to
give them a sum of money from the funds to enable
them to obtain increased comforts at this festive season
of the year ; and to enhance this benefit the members of
the society present contributed a further sum. Thanks
were given to the chairman, and the meeting separated.
SAVINGS' BANKS.—By the last Savings' Banks
Act (passed 9th August, 1844,) it is provided that depo-
sitors shall, once in every year, cause their deposit-books
to be produced at the bank for the purpose of being
examined. In consequence of the Rochdale sad affair,
the National Debt Commissioners have issued a circular
to the trustees of all banks for savings, suggesting the
propriety of advertising for depositors to produce their
duplicates at the bank where they have invested, in
order to their being compared with the ledgers of the insti-
tution. Wherever it has happened, that managers—one
manager at least—have not regularly attended on the
banking days, then it would be well to make comparison of
the duplicates with the ledgers, but where the attendance
of a manager has been regularly given, he would, of
course, see the balance of each day was paid over to the
treasurers ; then the plan just suggested need not be
acted upon, inasmuch as it must be clear no fraud can
have been committed.

DISSOLUTION OF PARLIAMENT.—MUTING OP
PROTECTIONISTS AT Caaexaoox.—Yesterday afternoon
a meeting was held under a largo marquee, erected in
the Bowling-green, Cranbrook, tor the purpose of pe-
titioning her Majesty to dissolve her present Perlis-
went. Press of matter prevents us from reporting the
proceedings at length. Earl Stanhope presided, and
concluded a long speech by calling upon the meeting to
address the Queen with a view to a dissolution of
Parliament, and if that did not succeed in getting
them protection, he would then take upon himself the
responsibility of the course which he was sure would
be successful.—(Hear, hear.) The Rev. William Smith
Marriott moved—" That all those' who are engaged
in any branch of British industry have as undoubted
right to demand that it shall be fully and effec-
tually protected against foreign competition in the
markets of this country, and that if such protection I
should not be restored. it would be indispensably neces-
sary to reduce all public and private payment in propor-
tion to the fall of prices." Mr. J. Osborne moved the
next resolution—" That it is expedient requisitions be
made to the High Sheriff, requesting him to convene on
an early opportunity a county meeting, for the purpose
of addressing her N: ujesty on the present alarming con-
dition of the country, and of entreating her Majesty to
dissolve forwith the present Parliament, which no longer
deserves or enjoys the confidence of the country." These
resolutions having been carried, as well as some others
of a routine character, it was stated by several of the
speakers that they were determined to call upon the
Members to resign who would not assist them to regain
protection.
THE MEDICAL PROFESSION.—With a view to raise
the standard of professional education, the Council of
the Royal College of Surgeons have decided that in
future candidates for the fellowship of the institution
shall undergo additional examinations in mathematics
and the Greek, Latin, and French languages. In pro-
secution of this desirable object the Council have just
elected Mr. George Gabriel Stokes, M.A., of Pembroke
College, Cambridge, an examiner in mathematics ; Mr.
Godwin Smith, M.A., of University College, Oxford,
examiner in classics ; and Professor Brasseur, of King's
College, London, examiner in the French language.
The Council have also:elected Mr. Csesar Henry Haw-
kins, surgeon of St. George's Hospital, to a seat at the
Court of Examiners, in the vacancy occasioned by the
decease of Mr. John Goldwyer Andrews, late of the
London Hospital. This election causes a vacancy in the
office of examiner in surgery at the London University.
THE EX-KING OF THE FRENCH.—BIRMINGHAM,
WEDNESDAY.—Louis Philippe, the ex-King of the
French visited Sir Robert Peel at Drayton Manor yes-
terday. He arrived at the Tamworth station about two
o'clock, where he was received by the Right Hon.
Baronet, Lady Peel, and the younger members of the
family. The ex-King returned from Tamworth to
Drayton, to which he was accompanied by Sir Robert
and his family, between five and six o'clock. He was
loudly cheered at the station.
GREAT SLAUGHTER AT LOUTH.—On Friday last,
e-r. Valentine Fell, poulterer, of Louth, assisted by 45
persons, commenced his annual slaughtering of poultry
for the London Christmas market. No fewer than
4,000 geese, which had been for seven weeks in the
stubbles on a farm at Withcall, and which were after-
wards penned and fattened at a farmstead at Monk's
dyke, as well as 1,500 ducks, turkeys, and fowls, com-
prised the number to be slaughtered. They were all
consigned to Leadenhall-market, and were calculated to
weigh upwards of 30 tons. Many of the geese were of
a remarkably large kind, and weighed from 161 b. to 201 b.
each. The weekly consumption of corn by this immense
flock, belonging to a single poulterer, has been no less
than 110 quarters.—Boston Herald.
THE EFFORTS TO IMPROVE THE CONDITION THN
PEOPLE.—Great efforts to ameliorate the condition and
raise the character of the working classes are, undeniably,
being made in England at this moment, and will, there
is every reason to believe, ultimately effect much good.
The direction which these effoits are taking seems a
right one, and if those whom it is sought to benefit
embrace warmly and ingenuously the means which are
offered to them, and strive vigorously to elevate them-
selves, the most important results to all classes of society
will follow, and in a rapidly increasing ratio. Without
their own co-operation—(self-discipline and education,
the acquirement of habits of regularity and foresight)—
nothing effectual will be done : with it, and extended
knowledge, on the part of the upper classes, of our
mutual duties and rights, it is scarcely possible to say
bow much.—Builder.

—THE LAP or LUXURY.-Luxury is generally sup-
posed to be a very comfortable, as well as a very capa-
cious lap, and, like an omnibus, there seems to be
always room for ono more, as if the taking up and set-
ting down were so frequent as to admit of a place being
always ready for a new occupant. We are afraid, how-
ever, that Luxury has not been a careful nurse lately,
for several have tumbled out of her lap who had long
been accustomed to lie in it. The railway mania caused
many a lapsus from this desirable lap, and the fortunes
are numerous which have become so de-lap-idated, that
their former owners have been pitched completely out
of the lap they have been accustomed to. For the
wound inflicted by a downfal from such laps as these,
the lapse of time furnishes the only remedy.—Punch.
THE CHOLERA. IN RUSSIA.—A letter from St.
Petersburgh, of December 4, says—" At present the
cholera has ceased to exist in European Russia, except
on some points of the Baltic, but there it has lost all its
epidemic character. The last invasion of the disease in
this country has not lasted less than three whole years,
during which time it has attacked 1,686,849 persons,
and carried off 668,012. At St. Petersburgh, where
the population is 450.000, the number of cases was
22,022, and of deaths 12,228 ; at Moscow, with 3b3,000
inhabitants, the cases were 16,248, and the deaths 8,025.
In Russia the disease this time followed the same course
as in 1831 and 1832, that is, from south to north, and
from east to west. It made greatest ravages in low
marshy grounds, and was generally preceded by dysen-
tery and intermittent fever. It has been observed that
those districts which were most severely visited in 1831
and 1132 lave suffered less on the present occasion."

OVERLAND MAIL
INDIA AND CHINA.

We have received dispatches in anticipation of the
Overland Mail. We have intelligence from Delhi of
the date of the Bth ult.; Calcutta, the 8:h ; Madras,
the 14th ; and Bombay, the 17th. The papers report
" uninterrupted quiet in India."
The Governor General WAS expected at Lahore.
Sir C. Napier arrived at Delhi on the 30th ult., on
, his tour of inspection. A guard of honour was in
attendance to receive him, but the gallant Commander-
in-Chief dispensed with this ceremonial. The Indian
papers complain of his neglect of form and state, and
insist that a more imposing progress would give him
greater hold upon the native mind. Sir
Charles had departed for Agra. The Madras
Overland Athenceim, after stating that the Governor-
General was to proceed ultimately to Bombay by sea,
says—

" His Lordship's health is not of the best order, and
if nut renovated by the proposed trip, it is rumoured,
though we cannot find any good authority for the report,
that he will proceed from Bombay home. About Sir
Charles Napier's return to England in the early part of
next year there seems to be little doubt; as we stated in
our last overland' Sir W. Gomm is generally talked of
here as his probable successor."

The Bombay Telegraph says :
" The Marquis of Dalhousie and Sir C. Napier are
expected at Kurrachee about the close of the year, and
the Hon. Company's steamer Feroze—which is to be
taken out of the line of packets and made a frigate
for the occasion—is to leave for the above port abcut
the 15th inst., in order to be at the disposal of his
Lordship and his distinguished companion. It will de-
pend mainly on the state of health in which Lord Dal-
housie reaches the ' maritime capital,' of Young Egypt,
whether he will repair at once to Suez on his way
to England, or pay his promised visit to the Western
Presidency. Sir C. Napier, we believe, certainly goes
home; but should the Governor-General resolve to visit
Bombay, he will no doubt accompany him. Sir Wil-
loughby Cotton, who, according to report, was to have
left us last month, is still lingering here, and it is hoped
may be appointed to succeed the hero of Meanee on his
retirement from the high pest of Commander-in-Chief
iii India."

The weather at Madras was most unseasonable,
the heat being oppressive, and very little rain having
fallen. The crops were suffering from drought.
Sir Henry Lawrence is on a visit to his Highness
of Cashmere, for the purpose, it is said, of talking
over certain agricultural and governmental refortns
that it is desirable should be adopted. Major Her-
bert Edwardes, with Major Nicholson, was leaving
Lahore for Bombay, via the Sutlej and Indus, with
one year's lea ye to England.
Some further reference is made to the seizure of
the Seikh chieftains, who, at the conclusion of the
last campaign, had been permitted to retire to their
respective villages under pledges of good behaviour.
The Madras paper from which we have already
quoted, says—
" They will probably be transferred ultimately to safe
keeping on this side the Sutlej. With their imprison-
ment the last embers of disaffection are trodden out in
the country of the Five Rivers; and so certain ap.
pears the prospect of continued tranquillity that the Go-
vernor General has withdrawn the order prohibiting the
female relatives of offical and soldiers from going beyond
Lahore."

With regard to Gholab Singh's part in this affair,
the version generally credited was that he had dis-
closed the purposed treachery and plot to the British
authorities.

From Hyderabad we learn that the contingent had
not been paid fora month and a half; and specula.
tions were current on the probability of the Com-
pany's Government taking territory to provide for
the pay of this force, which costs the Nixam some 40
lacs of rupees a year.
The order for the distribution of six months' batta
to the troops who took part in the Punjaub campaign
has at length been issued; it is to be payable on and
after the Ist of January, 1850.
An order which had been issued by the local Go-
vernment to discontinue the experimental cultivation
of cotton by Dr. Wright, in Coimbatora and Tinne-
velly, at the expense of the Government, and been
withdrawn in consequence of fresh instructions from
the Court of Directors, and Dr. Wight had been in-
structed to remain at his post, and carry on further
operations.
At Calcutta we are told—

" Investigations into the official conduct of Govern-
ment servants is still the order of the day. Mr. Welby
Jackson, one of the Judges of the Sudr Court, has been
appointed by Government to investigate charges of a
very serious character brought by Mr. Cruise, an indigo
planter, against Mr. Pringle, the Session Judge, and
Mr. Pearson, the magistrate of Purueah. Mr. Henry
Palmer, also, the superintendent of stamps, is undergo-
ing a prosecution in the Allpore Court on the following
charges:—viz., that Mr. Palmer wrote to Raja Satto
Churn Gbosal on the 18th of February, 1849, offering
any appointment in the Stamp-office to any one who
would assist him with 45,000 rupees; that in April or
May last, ho intimated to one Rada Madub
Mookerjea that the loan of 30,000 rupees
was necessary as a condition to a nomination
to the office of tavildar of stamps; that he
entered into joint pecuniary transactions with a subor-
din tte officer in his department, viz., Doorga Persaud
Mookerjea, and the tavildar, for the purpose of raising
loans for his own benefit, or that of Doorga Persaud
Mookerjea ; and that on the 2d of August, 1847, be,
jointly with Doorga Persaud Mookerjea, borrowed 500
rupees from one Byrub blunder Pautit, upon a promis-
sory note, %+ hich was renewed in favour of the same
party for 4,000 rupees, on the 11th of May, 1848.'"
Sir T. Turton had filed his schedule in the Insol-
vent Court for 12 lacs of rupees, three-fourths of the
amount being composed of his official liabilities. The
Chief Justice had refused his application for a protec-
tion from arrest. Colonel Pew, chief debtor of the
Benares Bank, has also applied, but more successfully,
for the benefit of the Act.

Colonel Walpole had been appointed to the com-
mand of the southern division, in succession to
General Gibson. Mr. T. H. Davidson, Registrar of
the Sudr Court, had been appointed Judge of Com-
baconum ; and Mr. G. T. Beauchamp, who was offi-
ciating iu the latter capacity, had taken Mr. David-
son's place in the Sudr. It was stated that Mr. S. C.
Bayley had been appointed to succeed Mr. Melvill,
as tinder-Secretary to the Government of India with
the Governor-General. Captain C. Mackenzie, com-
manding 4th S. L. 1., had been appointed a Briga-
dier in the Nizam's service. Major Cooke, of the
17th Regiment, had been, by sentence of court-mar-
tial, dismissed the Company's service.

The business transacted in imports, piece goods in par •
ticular, owing to large arrivals of suitable Manchester
fabrics, has been to a considerable sxtet t, and the prices
have been supported. Cotton yarns have been sold at
about the same rates as reported in our las,. Metals
have not varied much in price.
Cotton-Maintains its value.
Money-Plentiful.
Freights-31. ss.
Exchange-10s. tell
Money Market-There are no spriptoms of money
becoming less plentiful than it has been for some time
past. As the season advances, and when the new opium
arrives more freely, money will of course be in greater
request than it is at present, but we have no apprehen-
sions of a scarcity.
Shares-Bombay Bank Shares are still low; but, as
we have heard of no transactions under 18 per cent.
premium for some days, it may reasonably be presumed
that they have reached a turning point, and that they
will not go lower. Sales of Orientals have been taking
place at 18i and 184 per cent. discount, and of Commer-
cials at 134 per cent. dis. Agras may be quoted at 5 per
cent. discount; but we hear of no sellers at that price.
Colaba Land and Press Shares still maintain their value.
Freights-Large purchases of Cotton having taken
place after the arrival of last mail, and tonnage being
somewhat scame, rates of freight to London and Liver-
pool advanced to 3/. 10s. and 3/. 12s. 6d. About the be-
ginning of this week, however, arrivals became all at
once very numerous, and to-day we cannot quote rates
higher than as follows:-To London, 31. 55.; to Liver-
pool, 31. 55.; to tho Clyde, 31. is. 6d.; to China, 12
rupees; to alcutta, 350 rupees.
Exchange-Bills have not been much wanted for this
steamer, and sellers have in consequence been obliged to
lower their prices. The Oriental Bank has been drawing
at Is. 104 d. we hear, and we quote that as the rate for
other first class six months' sight paper.
Cotton Piece Goods-Owing to the arrival of six
vessels, namely, the William Wallace, the William Penn,
the Huma)oon, the John Bull, the Hope, and the Jhe-
lum, with a plentiful supply of Manchester goods, the
market, for the last five or six days, has been very
active. The Arabs and Persians have entered the
market with great spirit, and, it will be perceived, have
bought largely, giving very fair rates. We are informed
that about 150,000 pieces of various descriptions of
piece goods have been disposed of within the last ten
days.
Cotton Yarns-We are informed that the sales of twist
for the fortnight amount to from 1,000 to 1,200 bales
mule and water. We observe that a slight advance has
been obtained on the price of mule, while water has
slightly declined in value. The stock of the former is
very light, but of water there is a large quantity in the
market.
Woollens-There seems to be some demand for
woollens of various sorts at present, bat the particulars
of the sale have not been supplied to us.
Metals-The demand for metals has not been very
active during the month, but prices have not varied
much. We observe that braziers' copper has declined
about half a rupee per cwt. Sheathing has also cl,
clined from 4to 6 annas. Tile has :experienced an ad-
vance of half a rupee also. British bar has risen a quarter
of a rupee per cwt. Hoop has not changed in value.
Pig lead has been sold at from 10r. 6a. to 10r. 7a. Steel
is quoted at about the same rate as in our last.
Spirits-The only sales we have heard of are:-
11. A.
24 hhds. of brandy ... ... 2 8 per gal.
24 quarter casks ditto ... ... 2 8 „
10 hhds. of Batavia rum •1 12 „
Bottles-In these we hear of the following sales:-
R.A.
53 gross of quart bottles ... 1 0 per doz.
83 do. of pint bottles ... 1 0 „
Cotton-The purchases of cotton, during the fort-
night, we learn amount to about 15,000 bales, at about
the rates quoted in our last Price Current. The busi-
ness reported for publication, however, we subjoin. The
probable yield of crop is still uncertain; the general
opinion is that it will be rather a bad average crop.
Per Candy.
500 Bales Dholera, at ... Rs. 93 0
500 - do. 95.8
250 - do. ••• ••• ••• ••• 90.8
250 - do. 97.8
1,000 - do. (deliverable within a month) 93.0
2,100 - do. do. do. 92.8
400 - Broach ... ... 91.0
530 - do. and Jumbooseer 97.0
500 - Surat and Jumbooseer ... 93.8
500 Candies Compta ... 87.0
500 - do. 87.8
600 - do. 89.8
250 - do. 97.4
200 - do. 89.0
600 - do. 89.8
500 - do. 87.8
800 - do. ..• ••• ••• 89.8
500 - do. 90.0
73 - Cutch ••• ••• ••• ••• 89.4
100 - do. 85.0
300 - Mangalore (all round) 84.4
100 - do. do. 83.8
100 - do. do. 88.0
400 - do. do. 87.8
100 - do. 88.0
125 - do. 83.8
50 - do. 84.0
500 - Jumbooseer ... 95.0
700 - Surat 97.4
Wool-About 100 to 125 candies of wool have
changed hands at 120 rupees per candy.
Mocha Coffee-We hear of a purchase of 1,800 cwt. at
7i to 8 rupees per cwt.
Opium may be quoted at 1,250 to .1 275 rupees. The
quality in the market is inferior, and the stock is small;
probably there is not more than 400 chests. The new
crop is now on its way to Bombay.
Ivory-A purchase of 400 maunds of elephant's teeth
(601 b. average) has been brought to our notice at 89 to
90 rupees.
Pepper-The market is bare of Malabar quality, but
there is no scarcity of Bhutcole, which is offered at 54
rupees per candy of 4 cwt.

THE WELSH CHURCH.

LETTEZ VI.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE STLV
SlR,—There always attaches to the disposal of
C:urch patronage a very peculiar and grave rtspon.
,ibility, but as the bishop is in every case entitled
to a final decision upon the fitness of each several
clergyman for his office, the diocesan becomes in all
cases accountable for the proper exercise of his con-
trolling power over such appointments to benefices.
The responsibility attendant upon the possession of •
Church patronage therefore, greatly enhanced
when the bishop happens to combine in himself the
perfectly distinct privileges of nomination and insti-
tution.
The extensive, continuous, and shameless abuse of

this concentrated power has fur ever disgraced the
memory of our Anglo- Welsh bishops, and spread
durable desolation through their dioceses,
The 6th chapter of Sir 'Thomas Phillips's " Wales,"
(Parker, London, 1849,) comprites a great quantity
of matter, collected from various sources, in order to
exhibit a view of the present forlo7n condition of the
Church in the Principality. Various instances of the
continued prevalence of pluralities are cited there,
and among them (at p. 216) is the fullowng
°come.
" St. Asaph.—A Deanery and a Chancel-
-I,rship
A Rectory
Hereford.—A Prebend.... 920

Iwo Rectories ..

£3,211"
Sir Thomas Phillips abstains from mentioning the
name of the English clergyman who possesses this
monopoly ; but an almanac supplies that deficiency
—" C. S. Luxmore, M.A., Dean of St. Asaph."
The comprehensive and able "Essay on the Causes
of Dissent in Wales," by A. J. Johnes, Esq., of
Garthmyl, Montgomeryshire, (of which the last edi-
tion was published in 1832) has, at the present crisis
of the Welsh Church's existence, a renewed and
powerful claim upon the earnest attention of all
who wish well to religion, to the Establishment, and
to the Principality. Its premises are sound, its
deductions correct, and its facts indisputable, while
the evils which it exposes are still unremedied! In
the summary of the state of the Church in North
Wales, which closes the volume, and among the
kinsmen of Bishops of St. Asaph enjoying exorbitant
shares of Church preferment, to the impoverishment
of the native Welsh clergy and the grievous detri-
ment of the Welsh people, occurs the following
specimen of one, which is easily recognised as the
identical instance previously adduced from Sir Thomas
Phillips's softened statement :
"C. S. Luxmore, Dean and Chancellor. llouse,
&c., belonging to the deanery, 401. ; parishes of
Henllan, 1,5001 ; St. Asaph, 426/. ' • Llan Nefydd,
300/. ; Llanfair Talhaiarn, 2201. ; Darowain, 1201. ;
chancellorship, from fees, 4001.-3,006/. Besides
the above, the Rev. Gentleman enjoys at least 600/.
in this diocese (St. Asaph) as lessee under certain
leases granted to him by his father, Dr. Luxmore
(Bishop of St. Asaph) of tithes and manors belong.
ing to the see. Be also owes to the seine patron the
following preferments in Hereford diocese :—Cradley
rectory, 1,200/. ; Brotnyard vicarage, 500/. ; Prebend
of Hereford, 50/. ; portion of Bromyard vicarage,
501. at present, but on the expiration of a lease,
dependent on a very old life, this preferment will be
worth 1,4001. Thus the Rev. Gentleman is possessed
of no less than eleven sources of emolument. The
total value of all his Church preferments may be
estimated at least at 6,356/."
Sir T. Phillips derived his information on this sub-
ject from the reports of the Ecclesiastical Commis-
sioners • but the exposure which Mr. Horsman has
made of the deceptive nature of the returns sent in
to those Commissioners by yet higher Church digni-
taries, plainly shows the safety of inferring that the
statement of Mr. Johnes is in this case far more
trustworthy.
The annual value of Church preferment still en-
joyed, in 1832, by connexions ,of Bishop Horsley is
stated by Mr. Johnes at 2,690/ ; of Bishop Cleaver,
2,1261.; of Bishop Begot at 1,1001. These relatives
of Anglo-Welsh Bishops, be it remembered, are all
Englishmen, utterly anacquainted with the language of
the country, destitute of the necessary qualifications for
undertaking the poorest cure of souls there, and most
of them absentees, committing pluralities of curacies
to ill paid and discouraged hirelings ; thus offering
to their parishioners a choice only between demo-
ralizing ignorance and the instructions of Dissenters.
It was further estimated by Mr. Johnes (Essay
p. 219) that the amount received from the single
diocese of St. Asapb, by the Bishop and the re-
latives of former bishops alone could not be less than
23,6791.—a sum surpassing the income of all the other
resident clergy put together !
Let the British public, therefore, judge whether
\Vales has not good reason to protest against her
English Hierarchy.
Trusting that you will oblige me with space for
a few more letters on the subject of the Welsh.Chureh,
I am, Sir, &c.,

GORBONIAN.

CLERKS AND ASSISTANTS.
TO THE EDITOR OF TILE SUN.
SIR,—In your paper of yesterday there appeared a
letter signed "A Clerk," in which the writer laments
the dissipation and profligacy which is to be
found in that class of persons who come under the
denomination of clerks and assistants ; this dissipatio❑
is indeed to be deplored, but I deny that it exists to
the fearful extent described. It would appear from
his letter that the young man are bodily proceeding
upon a course which will plunge them into the depths
of crime, and which must necessarily be fatal to every-
thing like morality. The substance of his arguments
tend to depreciate the value of that excellent society
the object of which is to shorten the hours of business.
I hail the Early Closing Association as the instru-
ment in effecting a great moral reformation ; and
surely the cry has been heard often enough from the
opponents of early closing " that increased relaxation
will afford increased facilities to young men to
squander their own and their employers' property,"
without one of those whom this society struggles to
benefit coming forward to re-echo this assertion.
This gentleman appears to have entirely overlooked
those Literary and Mechanics' Institutions in every
part of our metropolis, numbers of which offer highly
intellectual recreation at a less price than the fee he
proposes for the use of reading-rooms. There is like-
wise an institution founded by the merchants of Lon-
don, as members of the Early Closing and Christian
Instruction Associations, of the kind he describes, and
which (if successful) they intend establishing in the
various districts of the metropolis. I am one of
those denominated assistants, and, as an indi-
vidual, perhaps one of the humblest of my class.
I have seen the working of a system of
early closing, and am prepared to state
that in no single instance has the increased leisure
thus afforded served to deteriorate the morals of any
young man. I trust, for the honour of my country,
and as a reward to those great and good men who
have expended their lives in the furtherance of know-
, ledge and religion, that there is more inherent good
principle and virtue in the sons of Britain than that
they should allow themselves to be degraded in the
manner described. If this fearful depravity exists,
does it extend to young men in other classes of
society ? Surely not ; and if not, is it not to be
traced to that system which has served to enervate
and sap the noblest principle in man's nature—his
mind ? Free him a little from the trammels of basi-
-1 ness, allow the wings of thought to expand, and his
mind soon finds for itself food congenial to its exalted
nature.

The hint held out by the writer of the article in
question is worthy the attention of employers and
employed, and it is to be hoped the young men of
London will prove to their employers and the world
that they are not insensible to the boon philanthropic
individuals are conferring upon them.
I trust these remarks will not be deemed personal,
but a defence from one who, while he acknowledges
the existence of vice, repudiates the idea of its univer-
sal extent. Trusting this imperfect letter may find
its way to your columns,
I remain, Sir, your most obedient servant,
A DRAPER'S ASSISTANT.
Dec. 19, 1849.

PARLIAMENTARY AND FINANCIAL REFORM.—Last
night a meeting was held in the new lecture hall, ad-
joining the Castle Hotel, Richmond, in furtherance of
the above object; Mr. Whiteley, of the Vineyard, in the
chair. Mr. Prout said that the principles of the Asso-
ciation to which be had the honour to belong embraced
a Parliamentary Reform as a prelude to a Financial
Reform, and the attainment of the latter could not be
achieved until they had a Parliament constituted to carry
out a system of retrenchment. He disliked an indirect
taxation, but was in favour of a direct taxation, and then
the people knew what it was for, and those that felt it
most would be men of substance, who would do their
best to reduce it; but this could not be done until there
was an increase of independent voters and vote by ballot;
and why should not Richmond as well as Westminster
have its Member? Parliament should not last more
than three years, and be would have no property quali-
fication. He had been a reformer for forty years, and
he hoped and trusted he should die with the same prin-
ciples. After a vote of thanks to the chairman, the
meeting separated.
It is stated that operations are to be resumed as
soon as possible for the completion of the Great Russian
Railway from St. Petersburgh to Moscow. The grading
of the whole line is nearly finished, but the rails are laid
only for a short distance—about eighteen miles. Mean-
while the residue of the iron is on the ground, together
with the locomotives and carriages. The work has been
delayed from the death of the principal engineer, whose
place is now to be supplied by Major T. S. Brown, of the
United States (the engineer of the Erie Rai'wit)), who
has been engaged for five years at a salary 01 12,000
dolls. per annum.