The Sun.
London, England, 1849-10-15 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY EVENING-, OCTOBER- 15, 1819:

the other two had fallen down dead. He, however, liberty, create d innumerable difficulties. Pius IX.
heard some one groaning dreadfully, and at once de- nevertheless, acquiesced in the wishes of France, and
termined upon going in to the rescue. He rushed in published a. proprio motu, in which he granted his
and having got hold of the body of Christmas he subjects the liberties fbr which he considered them
succeeded in dragging him out, but the smell, the fitted. That act was maturely examined by the
excitement, and the exertions had so overcome him committee, which, however, did not conceive that it
that he became quite insensible, and could remember had a right to decide on the merits of the institutions
nothing afterwards. of a foreign. people. A great majority beheld in it a
Inspector Tunstall stated that on Friday valuable concession and a real blessing for
evening he repaired to the outlet of the sewer the Roman people. It granted them most
and found that it had been opened. liberal municipal and provincial institutions. It
He was told that a police-constable had gone in, but contained, it was true, only the first germ of the
had not returned. In the course of the evening the representative form of! government, but were the
body was recovered, when he found it was that of Romans prepared for a system which England had
Walsh. It was carried to the Clarendon Tavern, and required two centuries to establish? Pius IX. had
everything done to restore animation, but to no pur- promised additional laws, and the word of the Holy
pose—life was gone. Pontiff was a sufficient guarantee of his sincerity.
Mr. William Ord, a doctor of medicine, stated that The Committee had been of opinion that the moment
he was called in on Friday night to see the bodies. had not arrived when the Pope could dispense
Christman, he was told, had been sent to the with the presence of the French troops. It was,
hospital, but he saw the bodies of the three however, the interest of France to abridge the
labourers. They were quite dead, and it was his occupation of Rome as much as possible. She
opinion they had died from asphyxia, produced by had not been actuated by a spirit of conquest,
inhaling sulphuretted hydrogen gas. He had seen but a desire to restore the Holy Father to his
patients die under the influence of hydrocyanic acid, throne and effect a reconciliation between him and
which was similar to sulphuretted hydrogen, and his people. That object had been already partly
through the medium of a test paper he had satisfied attained, and the instant France had accomplished
himself that tine sulphuretted hydrogen gas existed in her mission her troops would be recalled from the
this sewer to a large extent. To inhale that gas which Italian shores..
was produces Iby the decomposition of animal M. Thiers leaving concluded, the Assembly ordered
and vegetable matter in a closed sewer was instant that the report should be printed and distributed
death. The bodies of these unfortunate men were among its Members, and that a day be ulteriorly fixed
quite blue. r..rhe discolouration was produced by the for its discussion.
action of the, gas on the iron in the blood. The
exisience of the gas could be easily ascertained by
lighting a candle. The candle would flicker and burn
blue if the atmosphere was impregnated with the gas.
There were other tests, but this was the most common.
Mr. Lorrink, the assistant surveyor to the Com-
missioners of Sewers, explained the process of flushing,
and then stated that he was the superintendent
of the flu shing department of the Commis-
sioners. 0 a the 6th of October he received an

TATTERSALL'S—THIS EVENING
Su. o'CLocK.

CAMBRIDGESHIRE.
8 to 1 agst Rathmines
10 to 1 agst Ribxldry
12 to 1 agst Crucible
12 to 1 agst Raby
16 to 1 agst Collingwood
20 to 1 agst Legerdemain
25 to 1 agst Vanguard
25 to 1 apt Robert de Brus
25 to 1 agst Jock-o'-Sot
25 to 1 agst Minimum

intimation that the Warwick-street sewer re-
quired cleansing, and he gave directions
to the local i aspector to ascertain the state of the
sewer. He 3 !eceived a report that the sewer required
inspection, al 3d these men, who were sent down to
take the ler gth of the sewer and the amount of
deposit in it for the purpose of completing the in-
spection. Be and those , engaged under him were
aware of ti le occasional existence of bad gasses in
sewers, and directions
.were always given to the
superintendents and local surveyors always
to take precautions to ascertain if such gases existed
in a sewer if it was operated upon. One of the ob-
jects these men had in view was to ascertain if the
sewer was fr,se from bad gas.
By the CO.RONER—But is it necessary to send men
info the gas to ascertain the fact of its existence ?
Witness—lVo ; there is an opening in Warwick street
for that purpose.
The CORO •rma—Yes ; but that opening appears to
be too small for the extent of sewer.
Witness— -That is the only means we have of
ascertaining the existence of foul air.
The Coe nst ER— By sending the men into it !
Then these I lad calamities may occur every day when
sewers are catered by labourers ? 'Witness—l don't
think so, because if you carry a light it burns blue
for some tim e before danger commences.
The Cone ,NER—And do you think these peer men
were aware of that ? Witness—l do.
The Com )NER—What lights do your men use ?
Witness—A. Davy lamp.
The Cone iNER—W hat is the principle of that tamp ?
Witness—lt; is surrounded with a gauze wirework, to
prevent the flame acting upon the air.
The CORIIONER—Then this seems to be the worst
of all lamps to use in testing the existence of gases,
for the air you say cannot act upon it so as to pro-
duce the blue appearance you have already spoken of?
The witnes s—No doubt that may be so, but for our
work that is the best lamp.
The CORONER—WeII, I really think you ought
always to have recourse to some chemical test before
you allow nien to enter a sewer.
A Juror--Do you attribute any blame to any one
in connexica with this calamity ? Witness—No.
Mr. Henry Butterburo, of No. 4, Malden-road,
Haverstockehill, stated that he was an inspector of
flushings in the service of the Metropolitan Commis-
sion, and in the disohorge of his duty he inspected
the Warwick-street sewer with Gee and Peart, on
Monday last. They went through the whole of it,
and passed about ten or twelve feet along the sewer
in which these men were destroyed. Gee went in
a little further, and said he could see very curious
blue lights. He felt that the sewer was hot, and
damp and called Gee back. They returned by King
Scholar Pond Sewer, and when they got out Gee ob-
served " W;aat a curious smell was in that sewer;
it smelt rancy, like rotten cheese ;" and
he asked him if he did not know what
that was. Gee said he did not. He told him that it was
gas, and Peart said it was very like some gas he had
once experienced at Paddington. He then told them
not to go into that sewer or any other that was close
without haring man holes first opened.
The COILOSOR— Then you were aware of the
existence of bad gas in this sewer ? Witness—Yes ;
because we returned an account of its existence.
A Juror--Was any one else present but the dead
men when you gave the instructions you have men-
tioned ? Witness--No.
A Juror--Were you aware of the existence of this
sewer before ? Witness—No, but Gee, I understood,
was through it before.
A Juror—Should you have any fear of going
through this sewer in the event of any further in-
quiry being required ? Witness—No.
Mr. T. Jennings, a surgeon, of Warwick-street,
stated that he was called in to see the body of Mr.
Wells. He found Mr. Wells was quite dead, and
recommended that he should be taken to the hospital.
A juror—Did you not attempt any restoratives?
Witness—No.
A juror—Mr. Wells was your opposite neighbour,
I think ? Witness—He was.
A juror—Why did you order him to be taken to
the hospital, then ? Witness—Because ',did not re-
cognize him.
The inquiry was then adjourned till. Thursday, at
two o'clock.
- -
FRANCE.

DERBY.
18 to 1 agst Clincher
20 to 1 agst Mildew
20 to 1 agst Ghillie Callum
25 to 1 agst Sweetheart
40 to 1 agst B to Epirote
40 to 1 agst Pitsiord
40 to 1 rg4t Vultigeur

A BUOUGH HILL TADIK. A Westmoreland
farmer, who had several times been taken in by the
Yorkshire horse-dealers, in retaliation contrived the fol-
lowing scheme to deceive the biters. At the last Brough
Hill Fair, he had a pony of good shape and action, but
unfortunately by some accident it had lost one of its
ears. On making application to a currier, he was readily
supplied with one just the same size and colour as the
one lost, which he fixed upon the pony's head by the
bridle. The plot was successful; the pony was sold to
a Yorkshireman, a bargain soon made, the money paid,
and the bridle of course was given over, the farmer dis-
appearing in the crowd. The purchaser, on going to put
a halter on the pony, took off the bridle, and to his xur-
prise the false ear also. He made fOILIC search for his
brother " biter," but he was no where to be found, for he
had made off from the hill in great glee at having suc-
ceeded in deceiving the Yorkshireman. Carlisle
Journal. _ . _ _

COWES, OCT. 13.—The Philomele, Ilamburgh to Mes-
sina, put in here to-day with damage and leaky, having
been on shore off Nettlestone, where she struck heavily.
It is blowing a heavy gale from E.N.E.
PORTSMOUTH, OCT. 13.—Wind E.N.E.—Arrd. Wil-
liam and Joseph, Fraser, Qnebec, for Dover. 14th.—
Wind E.—Garonne, Myers, Baltimore, for Rotterdam.
The Queen, Shediac, for Bull, which put in here, 11th
inst., leaky, has been placed on the mud in Camber.
WHITSTABLE, OCT. 13.—A ship's quarter-board,
painted white, marked " Knapes," in black, was picked
up this morning at Swale Cliffe.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
WORSHIP-STREET.

A poor woman, who stated her name to be Murray,
applied to Mr. Arnold for assistance under these
circumstances :

The applictint stated that, in consequence of the
badness of trade in this country, her husband, who
was a shoemaker, was advised by his acquaintances a
short time since to go over to America, where he was
assured he could get plenty of employment, and sup-
port his family in comfort. His friends subscribed
together to pay the passage-money, and her husband
set sail in a merchant vessel, with directions to her to
follow him, with the family, in a few weeks after-
wards ; but the next information she heard of him
was that the ship in which he had taken his
passage had been run down by one of the large New
York packets, and that her husband, with several
others, had lost his life in the collision. She applied
to the shipping agents in Change-alley, who con-
firmed the distressing intelligence, and she and her
five children were now left entirely destitute, and
without any means of support, except 2s. a-week and
a loaf or two of bread which the parish overseer was
kind enough to allow her. The applicant handed in
a letter from a lady named Camplin, of Compton-
terrace, Islington, and a second from a person named
Cooke, head master of a school at which two of her
children bad been educated, the writers of both of
which spoke in the highest terms of the woman, her
dead husband, and children, and seconded her applica-
tion to the magistrate with much earnestness.
Holland, the warrant-officer, also stated that on
being referred toMr.lngoldby, a surgeon in Finsbury-
square, to inquire into the facts of the case, he had
done so, and that the character given of the family by
that gentleman was couched in similar terms to those
employed by the schoolmaster and lady mentioned
in the letters produced.
Mr. ARNOLD said that it certainly appeared to be
a very distressing and sudden bereavement, and or-
dered a donation to be presented to the applicant
from the funds of the poor-box, which the poor
woman very thankfully received.
Mr. ARNOLD requests us to acknowledge his receipt
of letters enclosing the following donations :-31.
from a gentleman using the initals "E. M. W." for
the relief of poor families suffering from visitations of
cholera; ss. for an aged woman named Jennings,
whose cruel robbery by her grandson, a watchfinisher,
25 years old, was lately mentioned in this paper ; and
1/. from " A Friend to Humanity;" ss. from " J. M."
Birmingham ; 10s. from "S. D." and ss. from Mr.
Hunter, of the Vane Arms, Stockton-upon-Tees, for
the benefit of a working gunsmith named Jones,
whose oppressive treatment by a loan society, under
an execution from the Palace Court, we have more
than once noticed. All the benevolent donors expressed
a wish to see an acknowledmeut of their contributions
in this paper.

During the course of the sitting of the Legislative
Assembly on Friday, M. Thiers ascended the tribune
to rtad the report of the committee to which the
bills relative to the credits demanded for the main-
tenance of the French army in Rome had been
referred. M. Thiers said, that the Government had
acted wisely in submitting to the Assembly, at the
resumption of its labours, a series of projects of
law, which would afford it an opportunity of giving
an explanation to the country on that important
question. No serious discussion had arisen in the com
mittee on the required credits. It approved of the use
made of them, and of the economy observed in their
outlay. The political question alone had occupied
the attention of the committee, and it had maturely
inquiredlinto theiconsequences of the expedition, and
whether they were honourable and conformable to its
original object. Three years ago, when the noble-
minded Pontiff gave the signal of reform, all the well-
wishers of liberty and of Italy hoped that the people
would be satisfied with prudent reforms, and not com-
promise by excesses the cause of liberty. They ex-
pected the less advanced would confine themselves to
demand municipal institutions, and that the more
civilized would not exceed the limits of constitu-
tional monarchy. Unfortunately, the faction who
at one moment were masters of Europe,
from Naples to Berlin, plunged Italy into an
abyss. Everywhere they excited the people to
claim institutions which were not in accord with
their civilization and wants, and turned against their
respective Governments the arms they should have
united against their common enemy. They, more-
over, forced them to undertake an inopportune war,
the result of which was, that Austria, after driving the
Sardinian army from Lombardy, entered Piedmont,
and would have overrun all the peninsula. The fac-
tions of Rome afforded her too plausible a pretext to
invade the Papal States. It was under those circum-
stances that the French expedition to Rome was re-
solved upon. After her victory of Novarra, Austria
could dispose of all her forces against Rome. The
Catholic Powers became alarmed, and conferences
were opened at Gaeta, at which it was de-
cided that they should unite in restoring Pope
Pius IX. France naturally thought that she could
not allow Austria to dominate morally and physically
in Italy. Two: means offered themselves to prevent
it—war, or the occupation of Rome by a French army.
M. Theirs then contended that the expedition was
enjoined, first, by the interest of France ; secondly,
by the interest of Christianity ; and, thirdly, that of
Italian liberty. It was the interest of France that
Austria should not be omnipotent in Italy. The
interest of Christianity required that the Pope should
be independent, and the conduct of France had
sufficiently proved that the liberty of Italy had
nothing to apprehend from her intervention. He
then examined ;the question whether the con-
stitution had been violated. It provided—
" France respects foreign nationalities, as it
intends making its own respected. She under-
takes no war from views of conquest, and never
employs her forces against the liberty of any nation."
Had France, he asked, gone to Italy to suppress Italian
liberty and that of the Romans in particular ? Facts
spoke loud enough to render the reply easy, and to
prove that the Constitution was neither violated in its
text nor spirit. After the servicas rendered the Pope
by the French army, France had a right to entreat the
Holy Father to adopt means calculated to satisfy
his people, and recommend him to achieve such
reforms as would reconcile the Romans with the
Pontifical sovereignty. France had found the
Pope as generous and as liberal as he was in
1847; but circumstances had changed, and the use
made by the afiarobiets of what they termed

Two officers were also sworn as to assaults upon
:hem.

Mr. COMBE directed Nesbitt, the usher, to bring
the prisoner back in order to reverse his decision.
On entering the cell Nesbitt found the prisoner
hanging, and nearly dead. She was brought into the
court helpless, and in a faint state she said to the
parish officers, " You drove my sister to this, and
you'll drive me to it. I won't live."
The prisoner was fined 51. for the assault( upon Mr.
Lloyd, or two months' imprisonment, ani 605., or
six weeks for the assault upon the officers.