The Sun.
London, England, 1841-04-22 00:00:00

MORN IN G EDITION

THE EASTERN QUESTION.
Lord Palmerston's account of his interview
N!it'a Baron Brunnow, the Russian Plenipoten-
t!ary, relative to the occupation of the Straits of
the Bosphorus and Dardanelles by Russia and
„z- England.
(Prom the Correspondence presented to both Houses of
ta
Parliament.)
tre rsco LN• • T PALMERSTON TO TPIE MARQUIS OF CLANRICARDE.
Foreign-office, October 25, 1839,
Mir LORD,—Your Excellency has been already informed,
through the Russian Goveinm'ent, of the particulars of the
communications which Baton Brunnow was sent hither to
Take, and of the nature of the answer which her Majesty's
‘icvernment gave to those communications; but in order
that the details cf the negotiation carried orr between the
!damn and her Majesty's Government may be upon record,
thi k it right to recapitulate them in this delsatcb,
Baron, Brunnow arrived in London on the 15th Sep,
tember, and left England on the 12th of October; and
duri ‘g the interval between these two dates
sal keg cenversetions with rneseis
Le7s of her Majesty's c'
connected
t • R.'
eaesta„
The sub-tance of all his communicationson these different
tatters was extremely satisfactory ; and nothing could he
more conciliatory than his manner upon every occasion.
He waa frank and unreserved in his conversations; and his
Mission, whatever may be its result, as to the main point
uPon which it bore, cannot fail to produce beneficial effects
uPon the relations between the two Governments.
Baron Brunnow, on his sr, ival, stated that the principal
purpwt for which he was sent hither, was to explain
the end without reserve, to her Majesty's Government,
"Q views and opinions of the Russian Cabinet upon the
affairs now pending in the Levant; and to ask for an
!quail), candid explanation of the views and opinions of
Cr Mjesty's Government.
He said, that the Russian Government had been
grati-
fied
at finding that. the sentiments of the two Cabinets on
these matter:, as far as they had been mutually explained,
appeared to be so nearly alike ; and he said, that the
Russian Government had witnessed, of late, with great
"alio,aetiee, evidences, as they conceived, of greater confi-
dence on the part of the British Government, in the sin-
tCrity good faith of Russia with regard to the affairs of
tkey ; that the Emperor felt that he deserved tat con-
4clence, and as anxious to confirm it by the fullest expla-
t'stions, and thus to draw closer the ties tetwe, n Great
'iritsin and Russia.
The Baron said, that the Emperor could take but one
'iew of the relative positiens of the Sultan and Mehsmet
^li t that he looked upon the Sultan as a sovereign who
PS his a'ly, and entitled to his support; and that he con-
i'dered Mehemet Ali as a revolted subject : That he saw
that the quarrel between these two might lead to events
which might occasion serieus diffteeaces between the
Powers of Europe, and endanger the general peace ; and
that he was therefore most anxious that some perma-
Pent arrangers ent should be made between the two par-
ties, which would ensure future tranquillity : That his
Imperial Majesty was convinced, that if England and Rus-
tle could come to a clear and full understanding on the
Matters, the arrangement which they might determine to
support would ultimately be carried into effect : That the
kusrian Government understood that her Majesty's Go-
vernment were of opinion, that the arrangement best cal-
culated to prevent future collisions between Mehemet Ali
and the Sultan, would be that, which, conferrinr upon
Mehemet Ali the hereditary Pe.chalic of Egypt, would re-
store immediately to the direct authority of the Sultan, all
the other portions of the Ottoman empire now occupied
by the forces, and administered by the authorities, of Me-
hemet Ali : That the Russian Cabinet entirely concurs
in preferring this arrangement, and is perfectly ready to
co-operate in carrying it into effect; but that compulsion
of some kind might become necessary to induce Mehemet
Ali to consent to this plan; and that the Emperor, not
choosing to embark in a plan without seeing his way to
the execution of it, and not being willing to begin an un-
dertaking with other parties, without being certain that
they had made their minds up to go through with it, in
,conjunction with him, his Imperial Majesty was desirous,
before this arrangement should be proposed to the Sultan
and Mehemet Ali, to know what Powers were prepared to
concur in the measures which might be necessary in order
to carry it into effect.
Baron Brunnow then proceeded to discuss those mea-
tuses, and to consider what they might be. He stated
that the Russian Government very much approved of the
series of coercive measures which had been proposed by
her Majesty's Government, namely, the intercept'on of all
communication by sea, between Egypt and Syria ; the
blockade of the ports of those two provinces; the seizure
and detention of all ships under the Egyptian flag; and
the occupation of Candia, and its restoration to the direct
authority of the Sultan. And he said, that if these mea-
sure; were taken by a pow, rful alliance, acting in support
of the Sultan's rights, or even if such parties were to inti-
mate to Mehemet Ali their determination to take such mea-
sures, should they become necessary, little doubt could be
entertained that Mehemet Ali would yield to superior force,
and would submit to inevitable necessity. But the Baron
said there was a contingency connected with these mea-
-1 tures which could not safely be overlooked. Mehemet
Ali had declared, that if coercion were attempted against
him, he would immediately order Ibrahim to advance to
the shores of the Bosphorus, and to threaten Conatantino-
Ple. This m; ht be an empty menace, which perhaps
never would or could be put into execution ; but, on the
tther hand, Mehemet Ali might, in a moment of despera-
tion, make such an attempt ; and it might be the more
likely that he should do so, if he thought such a movement
would take the Powers of Europe unprepared, and would
create dissensions among them. Consequently Baron
Brunnow said it was of the greatest importance that Eng-
landand Russia should settle beforehand what should he
'"`vi,e in such an event.
That it was clear that the Sultan was not at present in a
Cato to defend himself against such an attack : his army
having been defeated and dispersed, and his fleet having
been delivered up to Mehemet Ali. But the Sultan c old
loot be abandoned, and left to be a prey to Ibrahim. 'I hat
tome of the Allies must come to his aid, and that the Em-
peror fteught that, from local position, Russia was the
Poser which could most easily afford assistance. That
Ibrahim would take about twenty days to march trom his
present positions to the Bosphorus ; and that there would
be time enough during that peri d for a Russian naval
force to occupy the Bosphorus, and for a Russian land
(Wee, if necessary, to take post on the Asiatic side of the
strait.
Baron Brunnow said that the Russian Government
Vita well aware of the feeling which exists in this country
about the Treaty of Unkiar Skelessi, which, whatever may
move passed about it, the Emperor nevertheless considers a
binding obligation ; but in the present case, the Russian
Government proposed that die aid to be given, if necessary,
by Russia, to the Sultan, should be given, not in virtue
'of the separate engagements taken by the Emperor, but in
'virtue of the engagements about to be entered into be-
tween the Powers of Europe and the Sultan. That this
'succour, therefore, would be an act of the Alliance, and
tot of Russ;a alone ; that the Russian force would arrive
as the force of the Alliance, and would retire as the force
KI the Alliance, when, ver the purpose fur which it can.e
nthould have been fully accomplished. He said that the
Errin :ror was perfectly willing that all these matters should
'be settled' by a previous convention between the parties
concerned ; that this Convention she uld d, fine the objects
to be attained ; should determine the means to be em-
ployed ; and should assign to each of the co-operatieg
Powers its appropriate share in the execution ; and that
the arrangement which, on this matter, he, Baron Brun-
tow, had to propose, was, that all the operations which
artight become necessary in Egpyt and Syria, should be
un(!eetaken by England, and Austria, and France ; and
that whatever might be requirile within the Straits, and
jo Asia Minor, should be executed by Russia.
fle said, that with respect to the Straits of the Boy-
Phorus and Dardanelles, he understood that her Majesty's
'Government were of opinion, that as a permanent principle
And standing rule, the best arrangement would be, that
labile Turkey is at peace, both of those Straits should bo
'abut against ships of war of all Powers ; and he could as-
lure rr,c, that the Emperor would be perfectly ready to
'agree to such an arrangement, and to consider the Hos-
lehorusi as being as much closed against Russian ships of
Ivan, as the Dardanelles against the ships of war of other
Powers ; and the Emperor would willingly agree, that an
Article to this effect should be inserted in the proposed

, nad sOvc-
..." and with other mem-

, - vorernment, upon various matters
..cn the relations between Great Britain and

Canvcrition.
Baron Brunnow further sakl, that if England and Russia
,should happily come to an understanding on these matters;
and if such a Convention as he had described, were to be
aligned, he was authorised to say, that in such case the
Emperor would not renew the Treaty of Unkiar Skelessi.
The Baron further said, in reply to a question which I
!put, that the Russian Government did net make the ac-
Tession of France to these arrangements a sine qua non ;
,and that although the co-operation of France would un-
doubtedly render the execution more easy, Russia would be
Perfectly ready to act without France, if France could not
Le persuaded to concur, and if England was willing to go
cur •without her.
As soon as it was possible to assemble the Cabinet, a
uneeting of her Majesty's confidential servants was held, to
beoroider what answer it would be proper to give to these
'overtures from the Russian Gcvernment; and the com-
munication which thereupon it became my duty to make to
Baron Brunnow, was to the following effect :
I stated, that her Majesty's Government highly appre-
ciate the friendly sentiments towards England, which
Prompted his Imperial. Majesty to send Baron Brunnow with
the communication rtith which the Baron had been charged,
and that her Majesty's Government derives the highest sa-
ti,faction from finding that the views and opinions of the
two Governmf,nts upon the important matters in question
Were so entirely in accordance.
That 65 Russian Government had justly interpreted the
feelings
.rf that of Great Britain, when it supposed that
Vißr.atish Cabinet repose full confidence in the sincerity
u good fdi'h with which Russia is acting in these affairs ;
'1.4 that her Majesty's Government ere most anxious to
give proofs of that confidence. That her Majesty's Go-
vvernnaent arc ready to adopt the whole arrangement pro-
`Posed by Baron Brunnow, with the exception of one sing'e
Point, upon which I had to propose a modification, N/ ilieb,
without essentially altering the plan, would remove a diffi-
culty which her Majesty's Government would otherwise
And insurmountable.
said that her Majesty's Government con,
tlat the only way of p:eventieg futur.-
colli"s'inuenet t 64 t"
t_htsebn
e Sultan an'..l 'Mehemet AU,
clanger the peace of Eure;,,, was to he.--nt k °l-
- v:alch might tteyeo..
ac th
nei of Egypt the. 'state tf ticupationofp I.lblthetreet
; the Sultan at the granting to the ac a, as a
..eropensation for t.t.'e sacrifice which he would thus make,
an hereditary tenure in the Pachalie of Egypt. I said
that we reentinue to be of opinion,
that if the Five Powers
`Were to agree to assist the Sultan in imposing this arrange.
went upon Mehemet Ali, the latter would, however relue
tent to do so, yield to the force of a confederation which he
,Would know himself unable to oppose, rather than expose
tinaself to the risk of forfeiting by resistance, those advan-
tages which the proposed arrangement would afford him.
That even -- if •
toe French Government we-e;nduced, by do-
.feestie considerations, to decline being -a
party- to the pro-
tc:sed_Con:en_tioe, yet if such a Convention were signed
rF p oar onto, and were made know 4 to 1"

hemet AP, there seems good reason to think, that it would
induce him to ticqueEct; but that at all ev(nt., the means
of the Four Powers to eeforce the arrangement would be
amply sufficient And that Oreat Biltiin was ptepated to
become et raity to such an agreement, and to take a share
In the execution.

I said, that with respect to the Straits of the Bosphorus
and Dardanelles, Baron Brunnow had rightly understood
the opinion of her Majesty's Government; and that this
opinion res.s Cron a ti-eeeest shit fitedeteentfil printip!e of
the La* of Nations. Every State is considered as hav-
ing territorial jurisdiction over the sea which washes its
shores, as far as three miles from low water mark ; and,
consequently, any Strait which is bounded on both sides by
the territory of the some sovereign, end which is not more
than sik miles wide, lies within the territorial jurisdiction
of that Sovereign: But the Bosphorus and Dardanelles
are bounded his both &leo by the ttqiittiry of the Sultan ;
and nh iii Pet;si parts less than six miles wide ; and conse-
quently the territorial jurisdiction of the Sultan extends
77: ,non of those Straits ; and the Sultan has a right to
exclude all foreign ships of war from those Straits, if he
,hould think proper to do so. Now, by the Treaty of
1809, Great Britain acknowledged this right on the part
of the Sultan, and promised to acquiesce in the enforce-
merit of it; and it is but just that Russia should take the
same engagement; and her Majesty's Government are of
opinion, that the exclusion of all foreign ships of war from
the two Straits would be more conducive to the mainte-
nance of peace, than an understanding that the Straits in
question should be a general thoroughfare, open at all
times to ships of war of all countries.
But, I said, hrr Majesty's Government being willing to
acknowledge by treaty, as a general principle, and as a
standing rule, that the two Straits should be closed for
a'l foreign ships of war, are of opinion, that if for a par-
ticular emergency one of these S:raits should be opened
for one party, the other ought, at the same time, to be
opened also for ether parties; in order that there should
be the same parity between the condition of the two
Straits, when open and when shut; and therefore her Ma-
jesty's Government would expect, that in that part of the
proposed Convention which would allot to each Power its
appropriate share c f the measures of execution, it should
be stipulated, that if it should become necessary for a
Russian force to enter the Bosphorus, a British farce
should at the same time enter the Dardanelles. I said,
that this was no proof of any want of confidence in Russia ;
for, in truth, the very fact of the Emperor becoming party
to the proposed Convention, would make it impossible for
any one to breathe a doubt as to his Imperial Majesty's
good faith ; and that, as the bulk of the British squadron
would probably be required off the coasts of Egypt or
Syria, the smallness of the number of ships that could be
spared for going up the Dardanelles, would of itself show
that their presence was intended to record a principle and
to manifest union, and not to proclaim distrust or to exer-
cise control.
Baron Brunnow expressed great regret at this decision
of her Majesty's Government, which must necessarily sus.
peed for a time the progress of the negotiation ; because
his instructions did not provide lor this case ; and he
should therefore be obliged to refer the question for the
decision of his Government, and much valuable time
would thereby be lost, which ought to be employed in
action. But he pressed me much to consider whether
this question night not be put aside, and be reserved for
future consideration, without preventing the two Govern.
meets from proceeding to act upon other points, with re-
spect to which they were agreed ; and he expressed a
strong desire that the Allied Powers should make an im-
mediate demand for the restoration of the Turkish fleet,
or for the contemplated territorial arrangement. or fur any
other thing upon which they might be agreed ; and that
if their demand should be refused, they should begin by
putting in force those measures of coercion in which they
might all concur, leaving the question about the Dar-
danelles to be settled it, and when, it should arise.
I said, that her Majesty's Government had indeed pro-
posed that the demand for the restoration of the fleet
should precede the demand for the ,erritorial arrange-
ment, and should be made immediately; because it ap.
peered to us, that whatever differences of opinion might
exist as to the territorial arrangement, there could be no
difference as to the propriety and justice of demanding
and compelling the restitution of the fleet. But Austria
and France were against such a course ; and both recom-
mended that the question about the fleet should he allowed
to merge in the larger question as to the final arrange.
seem ; and her Majesty's Government bad yielded to the
wish of those two Powers. _ .

But certainly, Austria, Russia, Prussia, and Great Bri-
tain, being agreed as to the arrangement which ought to
be enforced upon Mehemet Ali, might at once, and with-
out France, if Fiance should be unwilling to join them,
call upon Mehemet Ali to submit; and they might begin
to execute the progressive measures of coercion, if he
should refuse. But in that case, Mehemet Ali might
order Ibrahim to march to the Bosphorus; and then would
come upon us, in the most inconvenient manner, and with .
out our being prepared for it by any previous agreement,
the very difficulty which we were at present unable
in to
solve ; and I said, that unless we should come to a satis-
factory understanding as to what was to be done such a
contingency, it would not be wise to take steps which
might directly tend to make that contingency happen.
The Baron, however, still pressed upon me the great
anxiety of his Government that something should be done ;
and the strong conviction of that Government that some
act or other would become necessary, on the part of
some of the Powers of Europe, within a very short period
of time ; and from himself, but not by any instruction
from his Government, he pressed me to submit to the Ca-
binet, that Great Britain might, by herself, take some pre-
liminary measures, which, either as demonstrations, or as
a commencement of coercion, could nut fail to have a de-
cisive influence on Mehemet Ali.
I said I knew that, in the present state of things, bet
Majesty's Government would not begin to act alone in
these matters. That we attach very great importance to
the attainment of an European concert upon these ques-
tions; and that we by no means as yet despair of arriving
at such a result, that if it should be found impossible to
uni:e the Five Powers, or a sufficient portion of them, in
a common course of action, it would be necessary for the
British Government then to consider what it might be
fitting for Great Britain to do ; but that till the present
negotia ious should have come to some conclusion, it
would be premature for her Majesty's Government to
take into consideration a contingency which has not
yet happened.
It was then agreed between Baron Brunnow and my-
self, that we should each draw up a report of what had
passed between us; he, for the information of his Govern-
ment; I, for the information of your Excellency. I was,
however, prevented by a heavy and continued pressure of
business, from preparing my despatch ; and Baron Brun-
now's Report, of which he gave me, confidentially, a
copy, and of which I herewith inclose a copy, contains so
full and so faithful a report of the converaations to which
it relates, that I felt it unnecessary, at the time, to add
anything thereto ; and my season for writing this deTatch
is, that I am desirous of furnishing your Excellency with
a statement which, though less full in detail, embraces a
greater range of time. I am, &c.,
(Signed) PALMERSTON.
BARON BRUNNOw TO VISCOUNT PALNIERsToN.

London, July 3, (15) 1840.
My Lord,—The third article of the Conveniiim which
we have just signed, anticip-tos a conti,g,ney, and an-
nounces, in that case, a co-operation concerted in conimun
between our Courts. .

To ca,ry this intention into effect, in such a manner
as to avoid the delays which distance from the spot might
occasion, I have the honour to request yi.u, my Lord, to
have the goodness to enable me to apprise the Imperial
Cabinet of the extent of the succour which her Britannic
Majesty's Government would have it in its power to place
at the disposal of his Highness the Sultan, for the accom-
plishment of the object which the Courts who have signed
the Convention of this day, aim at obtaining, in the com-
mon interest of the pi eiervation of the Ottoman Empire.
Receive, &e.,
(Signed) BRUNNOW.

VISCOUNT PALMERSToN TO BARON BRJNNOW.

Foreign-office, July 15, 1840.
M. le Baron,—l have to acknowledge the receipt of your
letter of this day's date, and entirely agree with you that,
in the present state of things, and cor,sidering the distances
which separate our respective Courts from the places
where the measures mentioned in Article 111. of the Con-
vention of this day would be carried into effect, it is desira-
ble that we should at once come to an understanding as to
the co-operation stipulated for in that Article.
Recent events in Syria have indeed rendered it less
likely than ever that Ibrahim should venture to march upon
Constantinople. but, nevertheless, we ought to be prepared
for such a contingency.
There can be no doubt that if such a case were to arise
the Russian Government would be able, from its disposa-
ble means in the Black Sea, to scud to the Straits of the
Bosphorus a sufficient succour either of land or of naval
forces, according to the nature of the case, fur the defence
of the Sultan ; and it is not therefore fur the purpose of
completing a force which would otherwise be deficient, that
the British contingent would be sent.
But it has been wisely judged by all the parties to the
Convention which we have this day signed, that we should
best promote the great objects of European policy which
we all have in view, by so arranging the execution of (very
part of our measures, that we should in every step of our
progress give manifest and indisputable proofs of our
union and mutual confidence ; and in this view cf the
matter it becomes cf great importance that a British force
should co-operate with the Russian force in the contingency
provided for by the Third Article of the. Convention.
But the amount of naval force which we could spare for
such a purpose, must necessarily be limited by a consPera-
tion of the aggregate amount of our squadron in the Meci-
terranesn, and of the other services which that squadron
will have to perform; and I had occasion to make known
to your Court, by a despatch which I addressed to Lord
Clanricarde in October last, that in such a case we should
be able to send but a small number cf ships to tho Dar-
danelles and Sea of Marmora.
I have now communicated upon
Tinto, and I have to this ;natter with Lord
squadron consists "ge that our Mediterranean
partying list • .ue ships mentionerk
in 4he at crttt-
that - , and considrrjnr, 4H.e Vati-iolts diitlet tklaioh
.aluasiross haVe to perfoiiii, according to 'VIC
areasvg@tisSt.o a'g'reed bpati bet'Ween the Four Pow,
and We could 'n't;),t „Con'sreni4lit.ll7 timer
take 't'd'etaVhflnore th 46. 16.4'.26 ea tour ships of the lire,
iv;t!t A .r)4 nt':lion of frigates and steamers, to ce-operate
with the Russian ships in the event of the Sultan requiri:-.6
the aid of the naval forces of the Two Powers f9r the de-
fence of his capital.
But the Admiral commanding Mir stittaihoh In the Medi-
terranean will be ordered to hold the above-mentioned
force ready to sail to the Dardanelles, under some steady
acneitientlizamtiohnerthAal,ajtehsety
has
sd oarp
pa
lt
eCO ofn6irt
Ouch as-
ar • -
and competent officer, the moment the Admiralshall rc
ItillOr
shtacce. 'BSuAltamnba
I am, &e..
(Signed) 'PALMERSTON.
List o Sill,
vs composing the Mediterranean Squad,-
Princess Charloite
104 elms Captain Faashawe
Asia ........ '•
. 64 ... Captain Fisher.
Ganges .......... 84
... Captain Reynolds.
84 .„ Captaja Napier.

trif;:
_ •

Thunderer B4 ... Captain Berkeley.
Bellerophon
Implacable 74 ... Captain Harvey.
Hastings „4 72 ... Captain Laurence.
Benbow .... ... „ 73 „. Captain Steuart.
Edinburgh 72 ... Captain Henderson.
Belleisle 72 ... Captain Nicolas.
Revenge
Castor
Dido
C,fysfott .„,r, 26 ... Captain Martin.
Talbot
Tine ....
Daphne 26 ... Captain Dating.
Magicienne
Hazard
Wasp l6 ... Commander Manse).
Jaseur
Zan . .... l6 ... Commander Stopford.
Scorpion
Weazle
_Lieutenant Simpson.

Steam-Vessels.
Gorgon
Cyclops
... Capta;. T. Austin.
Commander
Rhadamanthus
Hydra 4 ... Commander Robinson.
Phoenix
Contiince .., 2 ... Lieutenhnt E. Stopford.

CANDIA.
The Sod of Marseilles, in its Levant correspondence,
has some further details concerning the affairs of Candia,
and states that, on the sth ulf., the Consuls of England,
France, Austria, Russia, and Greece, met at the Guyer-
ner'a residence, and drew up the following resolutions :
" We, the undersigned Consuls, in the presence of Capt.
John Laurence, of her Britannic Majesty's ship Hastings,
called upon by his Excellency Mustapha Pacha, Governor
of Candia, and in his presence, to consult on the measures
to be taken on the subject of the emigrant Candiotes, and
the inhabitants who have joined them in arms, have re-
solved:—Two of us shall go without delay and bring
in English ships such among the emigrants as form the
Epitropi (commissioners). They shall be informed that
the Governments of the undersigned entirely disapprove
of their arrival in Candia, and that all those of the coun-
try who have answered their appeal must lay down their
arms. The emigrants must deliver themselves up to the
British Commander to he placed on board a ship ap-
pointed by Mustapha Pacha, in which they shall remain
at Suda, under the protection of the British tlAg, until
orders shall be received from Constantinople ; or, if they
prefer it, they shall quit the island immediately. His Excel-
lency Mustapha Pacha promises pardon to such of the in
habitants as shall lay down their arms, and a safe conduct
to all such emigrants as shall submit. He will also give
safe conduct for the departure and return of the Epiltopi,
who must quit the country with the other emigrants. In
case these persons should not submit, the Commandants
and consuls shall prepare a proclamation in order to make
publicly known their disapprobation, after which the
Pacha still be at liberty to take measures as he may think
fit. This proclamation shall be submitted to the approval
of Captain Sir David Dunn, who is detained on board his
ship by indisposition. This proces verbal has been drawn
up at the residence of the Pacha, by the undersigned, this
6th March, 1841.
H. S. ONGLEY, English Consul.
J. B. CH A RPENTIER, French Consul.
J. STIG L I H, Austrian Vice- Consul.
P. THO RON, Russian Vice- Consul.
S. PEROGLOU, Greek Consul "
On the 14th, the five Consuls, after basing made a report
to the Governor of the sitting of the previous day, held on
board the Hastings, when the Greek Commissioners had
refused to give any satisfactory explanations of their inten-
tions, issued a joint proclamation to the inhabitants, con-
demning the proceedings of the insurgents, a,.d declaring
that they gave up to the severity of the Ottoman Govern-
ment all who should attempt to disturb the established
order of things.

THE BRITISH QUEEN STEAM-

SHIP.
Extract of a letter from a passenger on board the British
Queen, outward bound :
" HALIFAX, MONDAY, MARCO 29.
" The date of my letter will a little surprise you. Yet we
are not arrived, but if the present wind and sea continue we
shall be at Halifax to-morrow. Nineteen days and nights
have I passed since I left Portsmouth, full of heart and
health and hope. For two or three of hoc days all went
stuoothly, but alas 1 fur the ten or eleven following, never
shall I forget them. Our Ire paddles or floats, from some
accident or mismanagement, began to drop off daily, until
opt the 16 h inst., not one of them remained upon that
wheel. At this period Providence gave us exactly six hours'
calm, during which we took half the paddles from
the starboard, and fixed them to the larboard wheel. That
night we had a hurricane which scarcely ceased or mode-
rated for 220 hours. The steam power of the ship
crippled, as she was, was totally inadequate to the size of
her and the storm. We rolled helplessly in the mighty
billows. Every sail was split into rags, and we were
completely at the mercy of the waves. Oh I it was
an awful time ! I went not to bed for sev,ral nights, and
bed not my clothes off for many. My deck berth I was
afraid to remain in. I sat op in the main saloon. The
rolling of the huge mass was terrific. From beamend to
beamend the watery mountains hitched her with fearful
violence. Her paddle-boxes and wheels alone brought her
up ; but how her timbers shook 1 Her sides rebounded,
her bulkheads cracked, her rudder thumped, while the
roaring of the storm was heard abi ye all. One of our
officers was injured ; another was ill. The crew could
hardly bear the weather, and were lashed. 1, in the
meanwhile, was in a nervous state of terror, though the
world saw it not. We ought to have pushed for Fayal
when our floats disappeared—say when we were five or
six days out. I hinted this to the captain, but he pressed
onwards into the great Atlantic, until the violence
of the storm and size of the waves rendered it uns,fe to scud
before the wind, and our only chance was to face it with
half paddle power. The consequence was, we were twice
(each time for four or five hours) in the trough of
the sea without steerage way, and as helpless as a raft.
Nothing saved us but toe prodigious strength and buoyancy
of our noble ship, which only wants 150 more horse power
to make her uuconquerable. However, the danger is I
hope now passed. The wind is light, the sea smooth, we
are past Sable Island, and within eighteen hours of Ha.
lifax at our preAsat sailing, seven knots—all she can do.
We have sotoe six or screa days' coal left, but are prepared
fur another storm on a lee shore, and go in to refit and
refuel. It will probably be a week snore ere we reach
New York—twenty-six days.

" Wednesday, March 31.
" We got on shore last night, after a most disagreeable
day, dreadfully cold and gale from N. W., with a snow-
storm, which covered our ship with ice and froze every-
thing in our rooms. We have no fires on board, and
some arc frostbitten. Today the sun is shining, and I
bavo been some hours wandering about this miserable
town. We leave to-right at six or seven o'clock, hoping
by that time to have our paddles ready and coal in.
" We have some seventy passengers of all kinds and
rations, principally Germans. A motley uninteresting
group they are. The fore-cabin have been let loose upon
the aft passengers, and turned the saloon into a bear gar-
den. Th, race of this line of steamers is run. I have
done with them for ever. It has been a miserable passage.'

JUSTICE I)E PAIX, PARIS.
(From L' Audience—Paris Journal.)
RECIPE FOR O1FTI:s13 P.IONEY FROM A USURER.
M. Crettcorps is a viliatiou,looking old man. Never
did a face wore plainly Lear the stamp of avarice and
usury, and seldom could his have been seen to greater dis-
advantage, for be was now excited by anger, which rarely
adds to beauty.
Judge—Minat is your complaint, M. Cretccorps, against
M. de Linage, whtm you have cited before this Court?
Creteeorps—For the restitution of 200 francs, which he
has swindled me out o!.
M. de Linage, who was a handsome and well-drostel
young man, stunted disdainfully.
Judge (tu complainant)—Do not be insolent, that will
only injure your cause; confine yourself simply to a state-
me:at of facts.
Crettcorps—You should know that I have several times
obliged M. de Linage, by getting a friend of mine to lend
hint money, for 1 In.ve. no money of my own.
M. de Linage (laughing)—Oh, the old story.
Cretecorps—This friend of mitre has generously ad-
vanced him from 5,000 to 6,000 francs upon my recona-
menlation.
M. de Linage—Generously ! Yes, at an interest of 25
pet cent.—(Laughter.)
et,corps—Th it is your affair, not mine. lam only
the agent fur a capitalist.
M. de Linage—Who, doubtless, would be anonymous in
this matter. _

Crctecorps—Bc that as it may, M. de Linage never
having repaid his loans, he refuses to lend him any more.
Not that he is afraid of losing his money. No. For M. de
Linage will inherit a large fortune from his uncle, and
there is no doubt of his paying ultimately ; but it is a te-
dious thing to wait for a dead man's shoes. But to pro-
ceed. The other day I received a note from M. de Lin-
age, begging the loan of 200 francs. I refused. Baton
the following day, what think you I saw in the newspapers?
Why, the following paragraph:—
" We learn with regret that M. the Count de Linage,
the head of a noble family, is so ill that no hopes are en-
tertained of his recovery. He is indeed at the last ex-
tremity, and yesterday received the last offices of religion
at the hands of his priest. The count, we learn, has made
a will, by which he leaves the whole of his immense for-
tune to his nephew, M. de Linage."—( Laughter. )
Judge— You read that in the newspaper, do you say ?
Creteeorps—Oui, Monsieur, in a little paper which was
sent me by a person who also owes me money. I had no
sooner reiAti the paragraph thin I &Mel myself arid went
ec Linage. I said to him, " l yesterula:i rt;f2sed to
lend you the '40() francs you wanied to borrow, but on re-
flection I am now willing to accommodate you."--( Laugh.
ter. 4 ", Hold 4,01 i tOlitAtleii' sttid lle; tiutlino title hand on
ib illontli and thh other on the rheney.—( Muth laugliteY.)
Let us not trouble his list moments—Adieu, non ami-..:
lelize me. lam much afeeted:"
*Judge—Very.naiurall . . . •
CAteEvrPiS=l:4.ittii!..aoiiiiieed ; and I was fool cnuiigli
to go away without ever takig a receipt for the money.
In acemni.anying me to the door the servant said to titre,
~ ri- - Count cannot last t the day." " Good,"
. tie pi,'"
,
aanreireianrsp.a's--s-
-s(aNi 'du ci h; l':u"g.'detseltlajl.l get
et
Well, reimbursed
down for
satilv i or
su,r
i,,g along the boulevard, whom should I meet—snort Dieu I
__why, be old Count himself, whom I supposed almost in
the agonies of death, but who was, on the ch,:sntrlaarsys,
at
tthe
Com-
placently sr:wising his cigar, and,
above all
'. of M. de Linage vi as beard .
in which the yoke •
girls like a young fellow of 2Q! —7rc.krienmgendougs laughter,
the rest. )
' `JUDGE—HOW is this? . . , h
nephew, M. \
money
s e _l'et
dv.ti 21c2 r:tiv:ehp
of , tt cr
purpose Le tub my
" Monsieur, it was a trick oaf the
de Linage, who had get the paragraph
se
i7a:lebrYliur the express
a joe to outwit his ruoney.le , it was only
a the Judge ordered tb®
.. ..._ .
enev,.ed laughter.)
After questioning M. de Linage, who said