The Sun.
London, England, 1847-03-11 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY_ EVENING, MARCH 11, 1817.

13, Great Marlborough-street.
1“-11. HEWLETT'S LAST WORK,
111. " GREAT TOM OF OXFORD."
By the Author of " Peter Frigging."
A few copies of the above work may still be had, in 3 vols. post Rvo.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

NEW WORK BY THE ACTIIOII OF " THE RANSOM."
New ready at all the Libraries, 1M 3 vols., post Bvo.,
K IRKHOLME PRIORY;
or, Modern Heroism.
By the Author of " The Ransom."
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street.

LAST WEEK BUT ONE.
HENRY RUSSELL AT THE STRAND
THEATRE.

Composer of Woodman spare that Tree—lvy Green—The Gam-
bler's Wife —The Maniac—Ship on Fire—The Life Boat—l'm Afloat
—Newfoundland Dog—and other Popular Songs, will give his
VOCAL ENTERTAINMENT THIS EVENING, AND EVERY
EVENING. He will sing several new songs—The True Men
of Old—lvy Green—Woodman spare that Tree—and the Demon
Ship—Songs and incidents of Negro Life and Character.
Boxes, as. ; Stalls, 2s. ; Pit, Is. ; Gallery 6d. ; Private Boxes, 1/. Is.
Box-office op, n from One till bar daily.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Mr. A. Young should apply to the Emigration Commissioners,
or to Mr. Hawes, the Lnder-Secretary for the Colonies.

ilk WEATHEIt.—SI7I4 OFFICE, MARCH 11.
Tz2Enatomirrza, Lowest, 20; Highest. 36; Noon, 31.
BAROMETER, 30.32.—Wind W., fine.

WATER AT LONDON-IllainlE THIS LAY.
Morning .. 33 minutes after 7. Evening .. 16 minutes after 8

mercy—the fairest prerogative of the Crown—it may
be exercised in their favour. '

What we yesterday observed in reference to Por-
tugal might be applied almost without alteration to
Mexico. The prosecution of hostilities has been so
protracted in both countries as to indicate either a
treachery that is as yet quite impenetrable, or an in-
capacity that is equally beyond our comprehension.
According to the dispatches just received from Ame-
rica, it would appear that the Government of the
United States is endeavouring to accomplish the dis-
memberment of the Alexican territories by a stra-
tagem more dastardly than was perhaps ever entered
upon by the most unprincipled legislature. It will
be remembered how the soldiers of this Republican
Government violated the line of demarcation between
Texas and the gigantic federation of which it was
originally a portion ; it will be remembered how the
invaders marched triumphantly upon the Rio Grande
under the banners of General TAYLOR, how dissensions
were fomented by American emissaries in the capital of
Mexico, how SANTA ANNA was allowed to slip through
the blockade, under the expectation of his delivering
up his country into the possession of its assailants,
how that distinguished captain repaid their guile by
the declaration of his heroic patriotism, and how a
questionable victory was obtained under the walls of
Monterey, and its advantages sacrificed through a
contemptible timidity. These circumstances cannot
very speedily be forgotten ; and it will be equally
difficult to lose a recollection of the paltry prevarica-
tion upon these transactions inserted by Mr. President
Fora in his Message to Congress, or of the noble and
emphatic proclamation written to his fellow-citizens
by the first soldier of Mexico, SANTA ANNA. The
conclusions which could be alone drawn from occur-
rences of this nature were, that by its geographical
peculiarities, by the parsimony of the United
States' population, and by the moral supe-
riority of the cause of the invaded republic,
Mexico was safe from the possibility of its annexation
to the already enormous dominions of its assailant.
It might be conquered, it might be desolated, its
pastoral scenes might be ravaged, its cities taken and
sacked, and its people butchered in battues, but
Mexico could never be permanently vanquished.
Until the whole of its inhabitants had been extir-
pated, and its solitudes rendered populous by the in-
troduction and propagation of many thousand colo-
nists, that was impossible. Europe saw this—the
World saw this—Mr. POLE saw this, and he acted
accordingly.

We repeat that expression—he acted accordingly.
The forces were directed to pause at Saltillo. Cali-
fornia and New Mexico had already been formally
transferred to the protection and direction
of the United States—the embryo powers of
their new Governments were placed in an apparent
state of organization. General TAYLOR had bee❑
gathering laurels in the kitchen-gardens of
Monterey, but the prying disposition of sundry re-
presentatives in Congress had prompted them to
submit those laurels to a sort of distilling process in
the course of the discussion, and, as is invariably the
case, poison was detected in the leaves of victory—
the terms of the capitulation at Monterey were inex-
plicable, exc?pting under the idea of something
much more odious than undue precaution and a very
little better than actual cowardice. The consequence
was General SCOTT was nominated Commander-
in-Chief of the invading army of the United
States. Coupled with this arrangement came
a demand upon the citizens of that warlike
and avaricious republic for an odd million or
so of dollars to defray the expenses of the invasion.
Thereupon the said invasion fell instanter into the
worst possible repute. The purse strings of the
nation were tied into a Gordian knot, and Mr. POLK
was at a nonplus. Then comes the master-move-
ment of duplicity to which we would direct especial
attention.

Nothing, be it observed—nothing whatever which
could be dignified with the term of success, has yet
illustrated the American feats of arms on the Rio
Grande. And although Mexico herself has gained
no single battle in the conflict, her position is, if pos-
sible, stronger than it has been since the commence-
ment of hostilities. Precisely at this moment it is
intimated to Congress that peace must be made at
once with Mexico ; that Mexico must indemnify (! )
her invaders by making over to the United States
the provinces of California and New Mexico ; that
the United States, in consideration of this arrange-
ment, must pay into the exchequer of Mexico the
sum of 3,000,000 dollars, and—NNhich is the very
heart and vitality of the stratagem —that the Presi-
dent of the United States vouches for the fact of
having received secret information from a high source
that Mexico is prepared to enter at once into this ne-
gotiation. The meaning of this magnificent inuendo
is obvious. But upon whose authority are we to
believe this incredible statement ? Upon whose ?
UPON THE VOUCHER OF MR. PRESIDENT POLE.I
Surely the fair name of patriot never before depended
upon thread so brittle ! The fame which SANTA ANNA'S
recent conduct (his voluntary resignation of the
Presidentship, his march, sword in hand, to the van
of the protecting army of Mexico, his memorable
words on taking the command of that army) has
acquired cannot, however, be whispered away by a
whole generation of Folks. Upon the personal and
as•.;ertained acts of SANTA ANNA himself can alone
depend his eternal glory as a patriot, or his lasting
infamy as a traitpr.

We have seldom risen from the perusal of a
publication with greater pleasure than has been
afforded us by the Rev. JOHN DUTTON'S pamphlet, re-
cently published, on National Education. Two things
are aimed at in this publication ; first, to exhibit the
character and extent of national education at present
existing in this country ; next, what it ought to be-
come to render it worthy of the designation it bears.
Great credit is due to the writer for the matter he has
adduced, and the style in which he has accomplished
his twofold object. No one can read the essay with-
out finding his judgment improved upon a subject to
which the public mind is at length beginning to turn
with feelings of the deepest interest. Mr. DUTTON'S
views are given with clearness, his facts, with due
fidelity, from authentic sources, and his reflections with
correctness and moderation. His preliminary pages
are devoted to an exposition of the fallacy of using
the term " uneducated" in connexion with the
human mind. Abstractedly considered, non-educa-
tion does not exist, idiots' excepted. We are born
with minds which have been well compared to blank
sheets of paper. It is the duty of parents and
guardians, either of themselves, or through
the instrumentality of competent instructors,
to become the means whereby the cardinal
outlines of religious and moral principles shall be
carefully traced out on the virgin soil of the infantile
intellect. If this duty be neglected, the child of
tender years will take the initiative on himself, and
become the architect of his own mind; the almost in-
variable consequence of which is, that prone by nature
to what is evil, unaided by the lights of experience,
unassisted by wise counsels, and influenced by bad
example, he is hurried headlong into vicious courses,
and carries with him the seeds of his ultimate ruin.
Upon this subject, Mr. DUTTON appropriately intro-
duces the anecdote of a lady once telling Archbishop
Suattrz that she would not communicate any reli-
gious instruction to her children until they had at-
tained years of discretion, when the shrewd prelate
replied, " Madam, if you do not teach them the
Devil will!" The mistake, then, is a palpable one
which many people inconsiderately fall into, of
imagining that the subject we are writing on resolves
itself into the alternative of education or none at
all. The human mind will not stand still
any more than the earth will cease to range
in her accustomed orbit; hence, in the matter before
us, the choice simply lies between good education on
one side and bad on the other. Mr. DIMON next
adverts to the statistics which we possess relative to
the education, or otherwise, of those who have been
inmates of our prisons; and, though these are some-
what meagre at present, yet, as far as they go, he
incontrovertibly establishes that the effect of even
the most elementary knowledge has been
to exercise a salutary influence in restraint
of crime. Having settled the point that
universal education ought to be promoted, as well in
furtherance of individual happiness and prosperity
as of national greatness, we are led to the considera-
tion of the means by which the end desired can be
best attained. By whom, and upon what principles,

shall this grand object be undertaken and developed ?
Shall it be by the Church alone, by the principle of
Voluntaryism alone, or,by the State alone ? Not by
the first, for, though the Church some time since
stoutly put forward her claim to sole 'governance
in this respect, yet it is notorious that she
now completely waives it. This was acknowledged by
the Rev. Dr. iloox, the Vicar of Leeds, in the speech
which he addressed to the large meeting held in that
town on Monday last, to canvass the merits of the
scheme recently breached by the Government. This
admission is the more important as it was made by
a member of the Church of England who has given
much of his time to the consideration of this absorb-
ing topic. The Rev. Dr. HOOK is far from
standing alone in his opinion. It is fully participated
in by the Rev. Mr. DUTTON, who ably writes "that
national education does not mean simply the educa-
tion of the poor, for the poor do not constitute the
entire nation. A truly national system must be so
comprehensive as to embrace every class of society.
The Church cannot undertake the direction of such
a system for many reasons, but most especially for
the very obvious one, that the Church is not co-
extensive With the nation." Shall the education of the
people at large be exclusively consigned to the opera-
tions of voluntaryism ? Like other agencies that have
been at work in this field, voluntaryism has done much,
but it has left much undone, and there are indisputable
calculations, so notorious as to dispense with any
necessity for our entering into them, showing that,
anticipating the most favourable progression under the
auspices of this principle, ignorance and its fearful
concomitants, would still continue to characterise
large masses, of the people, whose rapidly increasing
numbers would aggravate, to the most alarming
extent, the evils by which our social system
is at present beset. But, from some who were
formerly among the leading disciples of voluntaryism,
we have the same confessions of its inadequacy
to secure the education of the people, that
have been candidly made by the authorities
of the Established Church. The Reverend Dr.
VAUGHAN, residing in Manchester, where voluntary
exertion has far exceeded in its results,what has flowed
from its adoption in any other part of Great Britain,
has boldly avowed, that it is utterly incompetent for
meeting the national exigencies. This we have from
one whe, it must be recollected, is the earnest and
powerful advocate of the voluntary system in the
maintenance of religion. To the same effect were
the remarks of Mr. JAMES GARTH MARSHALL, of
Leeds, at the meeting to which we have above
alluded. He there said
" I will yield to no one in the value I attach to the volun-
tary principle, rightly understood ; I trust my actions
hitherto have shown me to be a true voluntary, and I am not
going to change now. I hope I am entirely incapable of
knowingly joining in any act of intolerance or injustice to-
wards the conscientious religious convictions of any class of
my countrymen. I do not think any such are involved in
this measure. I would sincerely and earnestly entreat the
voluntaries who object to this measure, for their own sakes,
to reconsider the position they had taken up. They can join
the rest of their countrymen in the great work of education
on an equal footing, and yet maintain inviolate their prin-
ciple of the absolute independence of their religious com-
munities. That would be a strong and clearly defined posi-
tion ; their present one is weak and untenable."

On the other side, we have Mr. EDWARD BAINES,
who has taken a part more conspicuous for its ardour
than remarkable for its judgment. Gratis anhelans,
inulta agenda nihil agens. We shall resume this
subject to-morrow.

Intelligence has been received from Rome of the
25th ult. On the 221 Mr. COBDEN was honoured
with a private audience of the Pops, and on the 24th
his holiness granted a second private audience to the
Turkish Ambassador.

The Nuremburg Correspondent publishes a letter from
Vienna of the Ist, which gives credit to a report that
the Austrian Government, with a view to reduce its
budget of expenditure, which has been constantly in-
creasing, has resolved upon a diminution of the army.
The Augsburg Gazette states, that in conseqw-nce
of the importance attached by some of the journals
to the protest of Sweden against the incorporation
of Cracow, the Government of that country has
been asked by the three great Northern Powers whe-
ther it really intended that tl,e protest should be re-
garded as a menace, and has received in reply an
as,urance that the proper sense to be applied to the
protest is an expression of regret that revolutionary
movements should have rendered necessary an infrac-
tion of th's treaties of Vienna, and a hope that no•
thing will arise of a nature to lead to further modifi-
cations.

Advices from Lisbon to the 3d inst. have been received.
Count MENSDORFi, Sir H. SEYBI,IIII, and Colonel
WYLDE, had renewed the offer of British mediation, but
the QUEEN end the Government had shown no disposi-
tion to accept it.
SALDANIIA had arrived opposite Oporto, and was
waiting for CABAL, LAPA, and VINUAES, to effect a
junction with him before undertaking further opera-
tions. Oporto was perfectly tranquil, and abun-
dantly supplied with provisions. DAS ANTAB had
resigned the chief command of the troops to General
Povoes, who had entered Oporto with a reinforcement
of 2,000 men. The QUEEN'S troops had dispersed a
small guerilla of 70 men in the neighbourhood of
Coimbra. On the 26th Count D& MELLO had attacked
Estremoz at the head of 1,080 men from Evora, and had
been repulsed. It was reported, however, that he had
on the next day renewed the attack, and succeeded in
capturing the place. Should this turn out to be the case,
it will be a heavy blow to the cause of the QUEEN.
The Duque d'Oporto, steamer belonging to the Junta,
was wrecked on the bar of Oporto the day after the loss
of the Tiber, and all on board perished.
Her Britannic DIAJEsTv's ship Superb has been
ordered to Vigo to watch the proceedings of the Spanish
authorities.

Madrid papers of the 4th have arrived.
The caf,ta of that date publishes the royal decree
appointing Senor ISTURITZ Ambassador to the Court of
London.
Tho discussion on the Address still continued in the
Chamber of Deputies, th e Ministers carrying all before
them by largo majorities. 31 ON and Pipet, both dis-
tinctly declare that the Spanish Government had no
participation whatever in the expedition of General
FLORES.
Mr. I.ltTLwEa had announced to the Duke of SoTo-
MAYOR that England was desirous of concerting mea-
sures with Spain to prevent the return of Dom MIGUELto Portugal. Connected with this object probably is the
journey of her Royal Highness the Infanta Donna ANNA
of Portugal, who on the 6th passed through Bayonne,
en route to Madrid and Lisbon. There is reason to
suppose that she is charged with a diplomatic mission
to certain personages in the Spanish and Portuguese
capitals. During her sojourn in London she had seve-
ral interviews with Dom MIGUEL, and highly disapproved
of his attempt to dispossess the Queen of PORTUGAL.
Her loyal highness travels incognito, under the title or
Countess DE BARULLO.
The Herald° declares that the force of the Carlists in
Catalonia has beerfkl'e'atly exaggerated. By the ftllowing
extr-ct from a letter published in the I'hare de Bayonne,
it would, however, appear that affairs there are be-
coming serious. It is dated the 13t March, and the
writer says—
" The day before Yesterday the Carlist Burgo entered
Lampourdan, with about twenty officers of Don Carlos's old
army. They were all armed with muskets with percussiou
locks. To-day proclamation has been issued at the Jun-
querie, calling on the inhabitants to take arms at the
fourth sound of the tocsin. It is probable that this pub-
lication is the result of the return of Burgo, and that it has
been circulated throughout the whole of Lampourdan. In
Upper Catalonia nothing is spoken of but the return of
Cabrera; the rumour was circulated that the whole country
between Tarragona and Barcelona was for hie), and it was
added that a party of Carlists had beaten the Queen's troops
at ten leagues from Barcelona. If this be true, the demon-
stration by which the insurgents succeeded in drawing
General Breton into Upper Catalonia was very able. A few
days will show us the result of all this. We shall then
know whether Cabrera has disembarked or not. It is abso-
lutely necessary to keep a good look out on the coast. It is
only from abroad that real danger is to be apprehended.
The Carlists in the interior may cause some disturbance, but
nothing beyond."
Ainaip-BonsA, MARCH 4.—The Three per Cents. were
done at 30N for cash; the Five per Cents. at 19; the Debt
i wthout Interest at 6 ; and the Coupons at 17.

We have received the Paris papers of Tuesday.
The Debats has a long article on the financial state of
the country, in the course of which it admits that the
uncovered debt amounts to 26,240,0001. sterling, which
is to be covered by:a new issue of Exchequer-bills ; that
this deficiency is constantly increasing; that last year
the expenditure exceeded the revenue by 19,000,000 f. ;
that. zthis excess of expenditure over revenue is the
ordinary and constant state of the French finances, and
yet, in the face of these admissions, it contends that
France is at the present moment more rich, more inde-
pendent, and more prosperous than she ever Las been—all
which is attributable to the admirable system of MLG utzoT.
In consequence, however, of the financial working of
this " admirable system," a great portion of the public
works, including the railroads, for the construction of
which money has actually been voted, will have to be
stoptuded during the prima 7ar.

M. HEBERT has been appointed Minister of Justice—
the official announcement was to appear in the Moniteur
of Tuesday.

A petition, signed by the Bishop of Nancy and nine
hundred of the clergy of France, praying for the total
and immediate abolition of slavery throughout the French
colonies, was presented to the Chamber of Peers, on
Tuesday, by the Count DE MONTALE3IBEBT.
DUFAURE, whose opposition to the system of the
Ministers for the government of Algeria is well known,
has been chosen President of the Committee of the
Chamber appointed to report on the supplementary
credits demanded for that colony.
The price of corn is advancirg every moment.
Every week for months to come 400,0001. in
cash will leave France to pay for supplies of foreign
corn. The Echo de l'Agriculture contains the following
remarks on the food question:—

•" During the last week the rise has made further progress
in most of the markets, and the movement has all the ap-
pearance of a panic. Everywhere the petty consumers, who
possess some money or credit, lay in a small stock of pro-
visions, as if we were threatened with a scarcity, and the
quantities of grain thus withdrawn from circulation are
very considerable. This is an evil, no doubt, but there is
no possibility of obviating it; it is the evil of fear. Tne
municipalities themselves, on different points, were the first
to set the example, which was imitated by their subordi-
nates. These stores, however, are not buried for ever, and
will be again available when necessary. They form a re-
source which will appear at the moment when the crops in
the ground can be determined. Public opinion will then
recover the confidence it had lost. We should also observe,
that the holders of corn take advantage of the panic to raise
their pretensions, and part with only a small portion of their
produce, in the hope of selling the remainder at a still
higher rate. The constantly increasing augmentation in the
price is, no doubt, a misfortune ; but its result must be to
bring provisions into the markets, and the great question,
the principal question, whether we shall have a sufficiency
of corn to meet the forthcoming crops, is no longer a matter
of doubt to us. We see no cause for apprehension ; in no
department will there be an overplus, but everywhere there
will be a sufficiency."

The price of the first quality of flour rose to 111 f. and
112 f. per sack at the Paris market on Monday.
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on
Tuesday at 78f. 40 .; the Five per Cents. 116 f. 50c. •
the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,2781. Mc. ; Rouen, 872 f.
50c. ; Havre, 690 E ; Great Northern. 630 E; Avignon, 8201. ;
Vierzon, 572 f. 50c.; Bordeaux, 528 f. 75c. ; Troyes and
Montereau, 3201. ; Basle, 210 f. ; Dieppe, 330 f. ' • Paris and
Strasburg, 453 f. 75c.; Tours and Nantes, 452 f. 50c.; Paris
and Lyons, 487 f. 50c. ; Lyons and Avignon, 480 E; Bordeaux
and Cette. 451 f. 25c.

MARSEILLES, MARCH s.—Marseilles and Avignon, 830 f.;
Northern, 628 f 75c.; Paris and Lyons, 4921. 50c.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT TILE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Macs 10.

Boulogne and Amiens, 14— Dutch Rhenish, 4 —Luxembourg, 2
—Namur and Liege, 4%—Northern of France, 123(—Orleans and
Bordeaux, 7 %—Paris and Lyons, 7 % —Paris and Strasbourg, 3%
—Rouen and Havre, 26.74 —Sambre and Meuse. 6%.

RAILWAY COMMITTEES.

(THIS DAY.)

HOUSE OF COMMONS.
GROUP I.

This Committee met to-day at twelve o'clock, for the first
time, in Room 25. MemberS present :—Lord Granville
Somerset, chairman ; the Hon. NV. 0. Stanley, the Marquis
of Chandos, Mr. Bannerman, and Mr. Hildyard.
The following Bills, being those proposed for the accom-
modation of the South-eastern district, have been referred to
this group.
South Eastern (Mid Kent and direct Tunbridge).
South Eastern (Croydon and Brom:ey Branches).
South Eastern (Maidstone to Chart).
South Eastern (Strood to Maidstone).
South Eastern (North Kent Line).
London and Brighton and South Coast Railway (Kent Rail-
way to Maidstone, Canterbury, and Tunbridge).
Herne Bay and Canterbury Junction.
Messrs. Austin, Q.C., Alexander, Q.C., Merewether, Laing,
.and Burke, appeared on behalf of the South-Eastern Railway
projects; and Mr. Talbot, Q C., Mr. Paget, and Sir W. Rid-
dell, in favour of the rival scheme promoted by the Brighton
Company, and .in support of several petitioners against the
former lines.

The usual preliminaries having been gone through,
The CnainstAir informed Counsel, that except in tpecial
cases they would not allow any Learned Gentleman to cross-
examine a witness who had not been present at the exa►ni-
nation in chief.

Mr. AUSTIN then addressed the Committee at some length
in explanation of the South-Eastern scheme, contrasting, as
he went over the details, the advantages which he alleged
the branches of the company for which he appeared had over
the branches of the rival umpany.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.,
CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.
The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were 2,000
bales for immediate use. The market was dull. The total ;
sales yesterday were 4,000 bales. Shares were flat.
The arrivals of shipping in the Thau'es have been less con-
siderable within the last two days,and this has served to give
some firmness to the provision markets, especially as ,
as our consumption is still on a large scale, and the sales of
grain keep up at a higher quantity than at this time last
year. The supplies of many other articles, especially sugar,
&c., are considerable, and this moderates prices. As to the
proportion of payment, that will have to be made in bard
cash or manufactures, this is difficult to determine, though
we feel convinced that we shall receive very liberal orders
from the countries whence we draw our chief supplies of
food Where, indeed, should we have been without the
timely repeal of the corn-laws ?
There are more countries than are yet counted wpm which
will supply us with articles of aliment, in addition to the
staff of life, and take liberally of our manufactures in return.
If grain from certain parts of America can be sent cheaper
to the United States, sea-board, than by the St. Lawrence,
thecolonists have other resources. A communication come to
hand by a late arrival states—
" If Canada should lose the transit trade of the American
grain and flour to England, which as yet is by no means
certain, other sources of profitable business are available,
and we know of none that present such advantages and is so
feasible as the dairy business. Our attention has been
called to this point by a well-informed "settled inhabitant,"
who possesses, together with sound judgment, an extensive
acquaintance with the province. The wheat growing districts of
Canada are not of very great extent, and are limited in a
great degree to the upper portion of the province; but all
parts of the colony present capabilities for becoming one of
the finest countries for the production of butter and cheese
known. The climate being colder, it is better adapted for
such a purpose than the warmer and more southerly latitudes
of the United Stites; the voyage to England is shorter, and
the articles do not undergo the injurious process of a voyage
through the tropics, as all produce shipped from the Missis-
sippi and its branches necessarily must. Looking to Eng-
land as the great market for the sale of the surplus provisions
of North America, it would seem that Ohio and the ad-
joining states are adapted for the export of beef, corn, and
maize; Michigan, Winsconsin, &c., for the export of
wheat and flour; and Canada for that of butter and cheese.
Canada possesses tracts of the finest and richest land,
either alluvial, or that which was once submerged by vast
lakes; her climate, as we said, is comparatively cool, and,
therefore, favourable for manufacturing these articles—for
they are emphatically manufactured—and the voyage to
England is short, and made entirely through the temperate
latitudes. We grant that the more north-westerly portions
of the United States are, perhaps, equally well adapted to
dairy purposes, but the comparative proximity of Canada
to the British market gives her great and controlling ad-
vantages.
" A person commencing the dairy business in Canada,
should keep steadily in view the three grand essentials for '
ensuring success. First, to secure a good and profitable
stock ; for a cow with a small bag will eat as much food, or
nearly sp, as the most productive Durham : secondly, to
take especial care that the animals be kept in warm, dry, and
clean stables : and, thirdly, that the food be good and plen-
tiful, varied, and sufficiently salted—for the farmer who
starves his cattle, will, most certainly starve himself."
The English stock market has been very agitated, and
there is mach excitement still. The Bears are anxiously
anticipating some further restrictive action on the part of the
Bank of England, and have succeeded therefore in getting
down Consols to 881 for Money, and 88% % for April,
though the latest bargains have been about 1.4 per
cent, higher. The scrip is reduced to % %
discount. Exchequer-bills have been quoted par to 3s. pre-
mium. The New Three-and-Quarter per Cents. have been
worth 89% 3g. There is no notice at the Bank.
The few bargains made iii Foreign Stocks have been also
at lower rates. Spanish Five per Cents. have been quoted
2114 to 22%; Mexican, 21%; and Austrian, 10914. Dutch
Two-and-a-Half per Cents, have been .5714 to %.
Shares are lower.
BRITISH FUNDS. ONE CLOSING
O'CLOCK. PRI,:ES.
Three per Cent. Reduced Annuities ~ 88% 88%
"three per Cent. Consols Annuities .. 8834%;% 58%
New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cent. Anns. 87%% 87%
Ditto, for Opening, ex div. 89%
Long Annuities, Expire Jan. 5,1860• .„
Ditto, 30 years, Jan. 5, 1860 •„ 9 5-16
South Sea Stock •• •• •• •• •• ••
Ditto, Old Annuities .. 87%
Ditto, New Annuities , 87% 88 88
Three per Cent. Annuities, 1751 88
Consols for Account, April 15 . . • .. 88% % 88%
Consols, Scrip • • • • • • • • • • • • 0% psjB P
exchequer 114 d. I%cl.
1,0001... .. •• • • 3 P par pm, 3 p
5001. . • ••• •• 3 pin. par
Ditto. Small .... 4 pm. 4 p
ONE CLOSING
FOREIGN FUNDS. PRICES.
Austrian Bonds, 5 per Cent .. 10914 1094
Buenos Ayres Bonds, 6 per Cent .. 40 40
Danish; 3 per Cent • •• • • •• 88% 88%
Mexican Bonds, 1846, 5 per Cent ..
Ditto, for the Account .. 21% 21%
Portuguese Four per Cent •• ••
Ditto, for the Account .. 33
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent ..
Ditto, for the Account • • •• .. 22% 22%
Ditto, 5 per Cent. '38,39,40, div.lB4o 213 2134
Ditto 1841 21 21
Ditto . .. 1843 19 19
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Dutch Two-awl-a-Halt per Cent .. 57%4 % 5714
Ditto. 4 per Cent. Certiflea:es .. 91% % 9138
PRICES OF BUSINESSCLOSING
RAILWAY SH PAID. DONE AT
ARES. PRICES.
ONE O'CLOCK.
Aberdeen.. .. 30 .... 26% 2734 • • 27%
Amber., Notting., Boston, and
Eastern Junction 2%.... 2%4
Birmingham and Oxford Junction 5 .... 13% %%• • .... 13%
Buckinghamshire .. .. 6/. 45..... % p........ 34 p
Caledonian
Ditto, Half Shares .. .... 214 ... 24,
Direct Northern Scrip .. •. 235 .... .......... 234
Eastern Counties .. .. 20 .. 19%3Q%...... 20
Do. Perpet., 5 per Cent. No. 1.61. 13s. 4d. %34 p ...... 34 p
Ditto, York Extension .. 4 .... % •• •.
East Lancashire •• .. 17 •• • • ...... •• • •
Ditto
Ditto, ditto New Scrip .. .... 2% 2%
Edinburgh and Glasgow .. .. 50 .... 74 ..... 74
Ditto, Quarter Shares 1234...• 17 .. • • ...... 1834
Great Northern (London & York
Regd.) 238 .... 2%.... 2%
Do., do (Direct Northern Regd.) .... 334 %•• • • • • 334
Great Southern & West. (Ireland) 2734 .... 233 ••• • • • .... 2338
Great North of England . —lOO
Ditto, New .. 1 155 .
Great Western .. 85 .... 114 112 ll2
Ditto, Quarter Shares .. .. 12% .... 16 17%
Ditto, Fittlis .. 20 .... • •
Ditto, New .. .. . • 8 734 •• • •
Hull and Selby .. .. •• 50 ••.. .
Ditto, Half Clare 25 .... 51 51
Lanc.Fter amid Carlisle
Ditto, New . • . .. 5 .... 10 ....
Leeds amid Thirsk • . 22% .... 20 • • .. 20
Lircrp., Manch., & Newc. 236 ....
London, Brighton, and S Coast .• 50 .... 53 5234 • • 534
London an North-Western —4OO 178 179 • • 179
Ditto, Quarters . .. 2 .... 194 18% .... 183!4
Ditto ditto, New Shares .. .. 2 .... 133 e 123 .. • • 123
Ditto, Fifths 2 .... 16% 17 .... • • 17
Ditto, 101. Shares M. &B. (C) 1 .. • • 6% 7. •
London and South• Western ..4 IL 6s. 10d... 62 61 • .... 61
Ditto, New .. .. 2238 .... 24 ..........2411
Ditto, Tenths (Consolidated) •• 50 • • 53 .... ••• • • • 53
Ditto, Scrip • • .. • • • .. 5 .. • . 5% ••••• • • • • • 5%
Ditto, ditto • • 4 .... 4 • • ........ 4
Lon.lon and York Extension Scrip 23q • ... . 24
Lynn and Ely .. .. 20 .... 22 .... •• • ... 22
Lynn and Derehain .• .. 15 .... 16% 31 •• .. 16%
Manchester and Leeds .. .. • • 82 • • ..105 .
Ditto, Quarter Shares .. 12 .... 15% 1634
Ditto, 5
Ditto, Thirds (Reg.) 45..... p...... • • 2% p
Manchester, Buxton, & Matlock 425..... p
Midland .. .• .. —lOO .. • 116 114-- • • 114
Ditto, New 30 .• .. 34 3334
Ditto, New .. .. 2 .... 5% 434 54% 4%
Ditto, Birmingham and Derby 100 .... 89 89
Midland, Binning. & Gloucest.• .100 12334 122--
Ditto, New (iss. at 7% dis.)• • 17% 31 30% 3u%
Newcastle and Berwick .. •• 20 .• • • 32% 33 ....
Newmarket and Chesterford .. 10 •• • • 104 ••..•• • • • • 10
Ditto, Extension .. 2/. 12s.
Norfolk .. • • 105 —.137 .....
Ditto, Half Shares .. .. 10 . .. 13% •• • •
Northern Counties Union .. •• • •
North British . .. •• 25 •• • • 3338 ••••• • • • • • 33%
Ditto, Halt Shares 12%.... 16 ..
Ditto, Quarter Shares
Ditto, Extension .. • . .• %.... 1 u
North Stattordshire .. '5 .• .. 7% 87%• • • • 7%
Oxiord,Worcest., & WOlverhinpin. 1734 1 0%14 .. • • 1034
Preston and %Vyre 25 . .
Ditto, Half Shares (A) • • • •
Ditto, ditto (8) 14 •. ty,
Reading, Guildford, and Reigate 5 •• • ........ • • 414
Seoi,,ish Midland 17%.... 23% 2,14 23% 2334
Shrewsbury and Birmingham .. 3 .... 39;.......• • • 3%
Ditto, c lass B •• • • 1 •• • • ••••• • • • • •
131
Shrol shire Union .. .• . 42s 1 %
South Staffordshire Junction ..11.1:.s.141 3i p •... p
South Eastern and Doyor 3338 •••••• • • • • _
Ditt ew (iss. at 321.) No. 1. 20
Do.. New (do. 30/.) .. No. 3. 15... 15% 16 .••• • • 16
140., 1 evr (do 15/.) .. No. 4. 3% •. .• • 4364 •••• • • .• 434
Swans. & Loughoz & Cameron's.. 2 •• .. • • 3
West Riding Union • • .. .. 1/. 2s. •• .. 13434 e•• •• .. 1% p
Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth 15 .... 836 8
York and Newcastle .. .. 25 .... 35x4 34% •• •• 343
Ditto, New.. .. .. 10 ... 153454... • • 15%
Ditto, Preference .. .. 4 .... 8% 7 A
York and North Midland .. .. 50
Ditto, Extension • • .. .. 20 .... 36% % t
,4 •• •• 364
Ditto. Preibrence • • .. .. 2 .... 114 11 11
Do. E. and W. Riding Exten.•. 10 .• . 21 20% 21.... 21
FOREIGN RAILWAYS.
Boulogne and Amiens .. •. .. 18 .... 13% %.••••• • • 13%
Namur and Liege .. .. • • • • 10 •• • • 4%
Northern at France •• .. • • 8 12% ••.. • • • • 12%
Orleans and Bourdeatix .. 6 .... 7 • • ......
Paris and Lyons • • .. g •• • • 734 6';:. •••• •• 67e
Rouen and Havre .
JOINT-STOCK BANKS.
British North American .. .. 50 .... ••••• • • • • • 44
London Joint-Stock • • .. .. 10 .... ••••• .......... 1536

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