The Sun.
London, England, 1847-04-24 00:00:00

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IMPROVEMENT- in LOCOMOTION.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR,—An article of some length, on " Improvement in
Locomotion," appeared in your journal of Friday, the
19th inst., which is calculated to mislead the railway
public as to the novelty of the invention and its only
recent application.
Your correspondent is in error in attributing the in-
vention and its first application to that talented engineer
Mr. E. Galloway, and is in error in alleging that an
approximation to it was projected by Mr. Vignoles and
Mr. Errixon, and in error in asserting that "mechanical
contrivances of &similar character have been attempted
both in this country and abroad, but have always turned
out to be failures," and " that the wonder will be that for
upwards of sixteen years so really simple an expedient
for obviating admitted difficulties should have escaped
undiscovered."

I hope you will deem it but fair to allow one who oc-
cupied the field before Mr. Galloway, and who has in•
curred large expenditure is carrying the invention into
practice, to correct those errors for the information of
those of the public who are interested in the economy of
railway operations and safety in travelling.
I think Mr. Galloway is not himself aware that in the
years 1841-2 and 1843 I enrolled the specifications of
three varied patents for the same invention, not only in
this kingdom, but also in several countries abroad ; that
in 1842 I publicly exhibited the invention on large work-
ing models at the Baths, City-road, and that in 1845.6 I
carried the invention into practice on a full practical
scale on the Grand Junction Canal, in iti application to
propelling a train of vessels on a canal by a single rail
laid along its margin, and that my specifications described
the invention, as well in combination with the locomotive
engine for obtaining an adhesive propelling power to
surmount inclines independently of gravitation, by add
ing horizontal driving wheels in combination with ver-
tical driving wheels, so as to act on each side of a
middle rail laid between the ordinary rails, and so as to
press simultaneously against the opposite sides of the
rail, being pressed by means of adjusting screws acting
upon springs with any required degree of force, and by
such an arrangement to obtain a bite or adhesion far
beyond what is due to the weight of the engine, and
thereby obviate the difficulties which arise from greasy
rails and heavy gradients, and so as to adjust the power
according to the load or gradient. Thus it will be seen
that it is precisely the same invention described by your
correspondent previously made public in this country
and abroad, publicly shown by extensive experiments,
and without " failure," as assumed by him.
Messrs. Vignoles and Errixon's projection was only a
brake-wheel, acing on one side of a rail, for the pur-
pose only of retarding on a descent, and was not in.
tended for the purpose of propelling adhesion at all,
171 hilst a patent was taken out by me in a foreign coun-
try, in 1823, for the application of guide-wheels, acting
on the sides of rails as a substitute for flange-wheels,
and for retarding on dose have the honour to be,
Sir, your obedient servant,
H. PINKUS.
4, South-square, Gray's Inn, April 14, 1847.

- .
Mr. Joseph Whitworth, the inventor of the street-
sweeping machine, submitted last week, at Paris, a model of
the machine to the Minister of Public Works, the Prefect of
Police, Marshal Soult, M. Arago, and several of the savans,
as well as to several members of the Muncipal Council, all of
whom were much pleased with its great simplicity and effi-
ciency; and its early introduction into France may be ex-
pected, as its services are much needed, and the system of
cleaning now employed, and the formation of the streets, are
both well adapted for its application,

DRURY-LANE THEATRICAL
FUND DIN N
This annual festival took place at the Freemason's Tavern
last evening. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge
was in he chair. His Royal Highness was supported by the
Conte de M the Marquis of Villafr.n;ca, the Duke
de Media, Sulonia, Col. Dan Francisco Antonio 'xi,- my (in
the suite cf the Conde de Montemolin), his Grace the Deka
of Beaufort, K.G., the Marquis of Downshire, the Earl of
Charleville, the Earl of Munster, General Viscount Comber-
mere, G.C.8., Lord Fenterden, Lord Muskerry, Lord .ohn
Manners, M.P., General Sir Andrew Barnard, Sir W.
de Bathe, Bart., Sir Thomas Howe, Bart., Sir Paul Jodvell,
Bart., Mr. Sheriff Kennard, Captain Chappell, R N., Captain
C. Cooke, Quentin Dick, Esq., M.P., W. Collett, Esq., M P.,
J. F. Elphinstone, Esq., M. Gore, Esq., M.P.,T. Hussey, N:sq.,
M.P., C. J. Roberts, 111. D., A. Bunn, Esq., J. Strutt, Esq, G.
Whate'ey, Esq., and several other noblemen and gentlemen.
The musical arrangements were under the direction of Mr.
J. L. flatten, assisted: by the followint; ladies and gentle-
men:—Miss Rainforth, Miss Poole, Miss Sarah Flower, Mrs.
Weiss, the Misses Williams, Miss Messent, Miss Rebecca
Isaacs, and Miss Bassano; Mr. %V. Harrison, Mr. Travers,
Mr. Burdini, Mr. Borrani, Mr. Bodda, Mr. Weiss, Mr. Binge,
Mr. Rafter, Mr. D. W. King, Mr. J. W. Roe, Mr. Stretton,
Mr. Paul Bedford, Mr. S. Welaon, Mr. Hobbs, Mr. Machin,
Mr. hill, Mr. C. K Horn, Mr. Kerridge, Mr. Bradbury; Mr.
Genge, and Mr. Kench.
The•stewards were Mr. B. Webster, Mr. Cooper, Mr. Will-
mott, Mr. J. Vining,-Mr. P. Bedford, Mr. J. Bland, Mr. G.
Wieland, Mr. Howell, Mr. G. Ellis, Mr. Cathie, Mr. S.
Jones, Mr. Honner, Mr. C. Selby, Mr. Hudson, Mr. Brindal,
Mr. 0. S‘nitli, Mr. W. %Vest.
A six o'clock upwards of 200 gentlemen sat down to din-
ner. The gallery and several seats at the back of the room
were occupied by ladies.
The usual loyal and national toasts having been given
(Lord Combermere responded to the toast the " Army
and Navy"),
The Duke of BEAUFORT proposed the " Health of the
Chairman," which was drunk with three times three.
His Royal Highness, the CMAIRMAN, in returning thanks,
said that the institution had been originally founded by
David Garrick in the
.year 1766, that for a time it had
flourished, but that at last it had fallen into the sere and
yellow leaf. In 1814 an effort was made to revive it. His
late brother, the Duke of York, had presided at that festival,'
and from that time the institution had gone on prosperously.
So long as the Duke of York lived, he had presided at their
annual festival. The Duke of Sussex had then presided, and
lie (the Duke of Cambridge) had at first presided as the sub-
stitute for his late beloved brother, who had been prevented
by illness from attending their festival. Sir.ce his brother's
death, he had presided over them, and so long as his life.
should be spared, he would continue to do so.—(Cheers.)
They. had never hitherto met without having a Member of the
Royal Family as their chairman. His Royal Highness having
explained the nature of the institution and having passed
a high eulogium on the manner in which the affairs of the
Institution were conducted, concluded by proposing the
health of their illustrious visitor, the Conde de Montemolin,
and thanks to him for having honoured them with his pre-
sence.—(Loud cheers.)
The toast having been drunk with three times three,
The CONDE DE MONTEMOLIN rose to return thanks. His
Royal Highness, who spoke in English, was very indistinctly
beard in that part of the Hall in which we were located. We
understood his Highness to say, that he thanked the com-
pany for the kindness with which they hag received the
toast, and that he felt highly gratified at the opportunity
which was thus afforded him of assuring them of the admira-
tion which he entertained of the English drama.— (Cheers.)
He had, in studying t he English language, paid great attention
to the works of the immortal Shakspere, and of the English
dramatists, and he entertained an ardent admiration for
them. He had by those studies learned to appreciate the
innate nobility of the mind of Shakspere—(Cheers)—and to
entertain a respect for those who devoted their talents to the
illustration of his works.—(Cheers.) He cordially thanked
them for the manner in which they had received his health.
The following song. written expressly, by A. W. Roe, Esq.,
for this occasion, and adapted to a Spanish national melody,
by Mr. Hatten, was then sung by Miss M. Williams, and
rapturously encored :
Tho' gorgeous the splendour that twineth
Round the state of the monarch, I Crow,
Yet a far purer influence refineth
The scene that we gaze upon now;
For the fair gem of charity shineth
Bright, unclouded on royalty's brow.
Welcome, welcome, royal stranger,
Welcome to our feast to-day.
Tho' darkness and gloom may be hiding
The splendour that once shone so bright,
And the clouds that above us are riding,
May turn the fair day into night,
Yet, let charity still be abiding,
We need seek for no holier light.
Welcome, welcome, &c.
The CHAIRMAIN then proposed" The health of the Master
and Treasurer, Mr. Harley. Drunk with three times three.
Mr. HARLEY then rose, and spoke as follows:
" May it please your Royal Highness, my Lords, and
Gentlemen—Upon these anniversaries, though necessarily
involving details of privation and sorrow, I have been emus •
tomed to meet you with congratulations and smiles; indeed,
I have only to look around this assembly to see that charity,
like her kindred virtues, is as cheerful as the day. It has
been facetiously said that, with Englishmen, one good work
is generally preluded by another; to wit, a good dinner.—
(Laughter.) And why not? The enjoyment of a blessing
(and a most substantial blessing is a good dinner!), while it
warms the grateful heart of its recipient, brings into forcible
and sympathetic contrast the object of its privation. These
festivals have invariably been turned to the account of benevo-
lence; every feast has proved a merry prologue to what, as
regards my indigent brethren, might, I fear, have otherwise
been a fast.—t Applause.) It is not my intention to recapi•
tulate the history of the Drury-lane Theatrical Fund.
Your Royal Highness, thanks to your long-continued _
pre-
sidency and munificence, knows full well that it originated
in the purest philanthropy; that it has been patronised with
d
a liberality and a zeal every way worthy of its high deserts ;
and I believe I may add, that its resources have been de-
voted to those salutary purposes contemplated by its im-
mortal founder. And very many of you, my Lords and
Gentlemen, whose bounty has replenished its coffers. and
whose presence has gladdened this social board, need not be
reminded of its importance and usefulness. Yet I should be
wanting in respect to the new patrons that I have the
honour and happiness to see assembled here this day, it
I did not, with all possible brevity, select a few prominent
points, in order that I might satisfy their judgments
while I appealed to their benevolence. It was hard,
thought David Garrick, that while other liberal pur-
suits had their asylums for decayed members, the his-
trionic art should stand insulated in its destitution.
Experience had taught him the difficulty and uncer •
tainty of his profession ; that where one, like himself, should
start into immediate and brilliant popularity, the great ma-
jority must.be content with moderate success, which success
was still only to be attained by incessant labour and study;
that sudden and uncontrollable contingencies might cast the.
actor from the proudest eminence, or incapacitate him in a
humbler sphere ; what then would be his fate in the wreck of
his means and the winter of his days?—(Hear.) Opulent
beyond the possibility of a reverse, in fortune and in fame,
that great master of the human passions devoted the influence
of his high position, and most liberally the ample resources
of his purse, to the endowment of this fund ; and from the
day this long-desired opportunity was afforded the actor
of making a gradual and economical provision for the
future, the profession has-risen in public estimation. That
the drama, like other national institutions, has its reverses,
many of its professors can too painfully testify. Yet the
cloud that pat tially obscures it, I confidently expect, will
pass away, and that a splendid revival of its ancient glories
will greet every admirer of impassioned eloquence and
classic taste.—(Loud applause.) It cannot fail to be pecu-
liarly gratifying to the patrons of this institution that
Drury•lane Theatre, the honoured temple of Garrick's
fame, has never ceased to solicit and to receive public
patronage. During recent seasons many members have
been admitted as subscribers to this fund. Every ap-
plication that can be fairly entertained is respectfully
welcomed. As the almoners of an important trust, we are
bound to maintain in all its integrity that which is confined
to our care; and if ever we have been induced to deviate
from the strict letter of prescribed rules, our apology must
be the imperative and unforseen misfortune whose appeal
for temporary relief it was found impossible to resist.—(Ap-
plause.) I stand not here to take any credit for y,
dutybrethren
and myself for having honestly done that, whiet cur
commanded us honestly to do. But at these, I may be
allowed to say, annual audits, when you reasonably expect
some account of our stewardship, it would be wrong to
withhold from you the pleasing truth that this fund still
continues to fulfil all the benevolent intentions of its founder,
that many of your old favourites are the grateful objects of
its delicate and unostentatious bounty, and that a large
number of subscribers would, at this moment, be entitled to
its benefits, should necessity compel them to have recourse
to that last trying necessity.—(Great applause.) That two
institutions, devoted to similar objects of benevolence, should
for a long series of years maintain a friendly and most praise-
worthy rivalry in doing good is alike honourable to both.
The Drury-lane and Covent-garden Theatrical Funds
have pursued their charitable course in perfect amity
and with mutual good wishes. A third, amimated
by a kindred spirit, has recently put in its claim
to public patronage. Far from regarding this new
institution with jealous apprehension, we hail it with
hearty and cordial commendations.—(Applause.) Her
Majesty has been graciously pleased to transmit for the use
of this fund a donation of fifty pounds.—(Loud cheering).
We hail this noble gift, not only as an important addition to
our means, but as a proof of her approbation and sympathy.
With united prayers for her health, and that of her august
consort and family, we most gratefully receive the munifi-
cence of our Sovereign.—(Cheers.) Honeyed phrases of flat-
tery would ill express our feelings for your Royal Highness.
You have done this institution good service and great honour.
You have advocated its cause, contributed to its resources, and
our
presence
well-tempered
byy
hilasratynctoiofnietds thefest generousfestive
a nn.,
vreienthusiasm,
sea:rl
puejktnlpciee.
plause.) This devotion of high rank and p
of a right spirit and a
of exalted virtue, the sure indicationw
to the sacred duties of philanthropy it the. true touchstone
ell-merited eulogium.
noble mind. This, Sir, is yourt
Take it, with every are our veterans
(Loud and continue
• d applause). 1%1
blessing tha_ogtraotintryde can invoke I-
-and here I would respectfully remark that by economy and
enpoor not to avail themselves of its
this fund, they are too p
prudence having fairly titled themselves to the benefits of
resources; too proud
that their necessities should be
published to gratify to desire
heartless curiosity ; not only are they
moderately provided for remnant of their
during the brief
sojourn here, but when life s curtain has dropped, their
widows receive a yearly stipend more consistent •
with our
often too limited means than with their actual requirements,
and their children that support and protection of which the
orphan stands so much in need This, your Royal Highness,
my lords, and gentlemen, is my case. Let not, I pray you,
the interests of my clients suflbr from the inability of their
pleader.—(Great applause.)
The healths of the Vice-Presidents was then drunk.
The Earl of CIIARLEVILLE returned thanks.
The TREASURER then read the first list of subscriptions,
amounting to 647/. 10s., including her Majesty the Queen, 50/
the Duke ;
his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, 251. • the Conde'
Lord Tenterden, 5 guineas;of
de Monteinolin, 101. ; the Marquis of Villafranca, 51.
Col. Don Francisco Antonio Merry, Si. ;
W,
vt h.e
de Earlsßa
tohf; Car ••
Beaufort, 20/. ;Lord Saltoun, 51. ;
Lord Ernest Bruce, 51.; Sir P. Joddellss/i.r;
digan, 10/. ; M. Gore, Esq., M.l°., Si.;•
Miss Burdett Coutts, 2-1 ; J. W. Roberts, Esq.,
10 guineas;
ft..
Kennard,utn guineas;
Alfred Bunn, Esq., 10 guineas; J. Strutt, Es
P. Borthwick, Esq., M.P., 5 guineas; Mr. Sheriff
10/. ; Charles Kean, Esq., 201.; and a legacy from the widow
of the late Mr. John Moody, formerly master of this society,
100/.
The CHAIRMAN then proposed "Success to Drury-lane
Theatre."—Drank with three times three.
Mr. BUNN returned thanks. He had been connected with
lane Theatre ever since the 182 during
tphreutriynie that he had had the managementyear 0
he had andadproduced
dramatic entertainmentsof • •
every description, supported by
the highest order of talent—talent that he feared lie should
never again see equalled,—(Cheers.) Many persons sup-
posed that he was wedded to one species of dramatic enter-
tainment only, but such was not the case. He produced
that species of d •
ramatic entertainment which he was
enabled to produce most perfectly. He had a great many