The Sun.
London, England, 1840-11-18 00:00:00

CERTIFICATES—DEc. 8.

J. Mitchell, woollen-draper, Preston, Lancashire—R.
Hughes, tea dealer, Fleet-street—J. Rae, linen-draper, Black-
burn, Lancashire—T. Watts, victualler, Manchester—T. Mars-
den, machine maker, Salford, Lancashire—A. C. Hurley, coal
merchant, Bristol—W. Dingle, butcher, Plymouth.
PARTNERSIMIS DISSOLVED.

A. and J. Bird, High-street, Whitechapel—J. Pi ince and
J. Johnston, coal dealers, Birmingham—H. H. Marsden and
J. Cook, hardvvaremen, Chelmsford, Essex—J. Mudie and C.
Wilson, stationers, Wigmore-street, Cavendish-square—G.
Bishop and 'l'. Bramley, merchants, St. Mary Axe—R. J.
Culverwell and H. Howgrave, bath proprietors, Lothbury—J.
Humphreys and W. W. Lucking, timber merchants, Waltham-
stow, Essex—W. Farrar and . Stott, corn millers, Elland,
Yorkshire—H. Price and W. Wood, hairdressers, Leamington,
Warwickshire—J. G. Megson and T. Audsley, manufacturers
of woollen goods, Ossett, Yorkshire—J. A. and B. A. Frank-
lin, merchants, Manchester—H. Hill and A. Moyle, board-
ing-housekeepers, Wardrobe-place, Doctors'-commons--11.
and A. Hill, commission agents, Old 'Change, Cheapside—E.
Wilkins and J. Price, Merthyr Tydvil, Glamorgaashire—W.
Sowerby, T. Gash, and J. Todd, rectifying distillers, Alders-
gate-street—J. H. Ritchie and J. Boyd, ship builders, Clyde
Dock, Rotherhithe—C. Cavalier and R. Swann, carcase
butchers, Newgate-market—J. M. Mallan and Co.. cigar and
snuff importers, Budge-row, Cannon-street—G. Waller and
C. Mills, leathersellers, Kingsland-road, Shoreditch—T.
Creer and T. Phillips, tailors, Pall-mall—R. C. Bourne and
Brittan, woollen-drapers, Bristol—J. Jones and J. Boon,
ironmongers, Burslem, Staffordshire—J. and G. D. Porter,
victuallers, Star and Garter, Kew-bridge—C. Tee and J. and
S. Cordeux, linen manufacturers, Barnsley, Yorkshire, (so
far as regards C. Tee)--W. and G. England, clothiers, West-
bury, Wiltshire—M. Hirschmann and Co., tanners, Stratford,
Essex—J. Craven and R. Edmeston, pattern designers, Brad-
ford, Yorkshire—E. K. Fowell and E. T. Crawford, wine
merchants, Boulogne-sur-Mer.
C ANDERSONO SCOTCH
andSEQUESTRATION.CO ~eabinet-makers,
ALEXANDERS
Edinburgh, Nov. 20 and Dec. 11, at one, at the chambers of
Alexander James, Edinburgh.

On Monday afternoon, as two watermen of
Rotherhithe were proceeding down the river in their boat,
they discovered the body of a man fleeting in the water
near Southwark-bridge. There were no marks of violence
on his person. He had on a suit of black clothes, but
there was nothing about him that could lead to a discovery
of who he was. The body was conveyed to Mr. Down's,
undertaker, Great Guildford-street, to be owned and
await a coroner's inquest.
GOLCONDAH.—The fortress of Golcondah lies
about five miles to the north- west of the city of Hyderabad,
and is the place of safety where the treasures of the
Nizam are commonly deposited. Though haring no par-
ticular claims to be considered a place of any great strength,
it is so jealously guarded, that a European is, under no
pretext, ever suffered to enter its precincts; and instances
have occurred of parties of officers who had come to spend
the day anwupt the neighbouring t9val.”, having uecn ra,l
at trove the of the fo:t for I,Avitz pruum-,1 .!F_
proach them too nearly.—Napier's Scenes and Spores,

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
(From the Morning Chronicle).
As the apprehension of an European war passes
away, an argument, which had been created out of
that apprehension in favour of the Corn-laws passes
away also. Already had indications been given, in
Tnry journals and at agricultural dinners, of the ad-
vantage which the food monopoly would have taken
of that dire calamity. Already had the demand been
made, with a solemn face and an insidious purpose,
whether this was a time to cripple agriculture, and
render the nation's supply of food dependent on foreign
countries with which we might soon be engaged in
deadly conflict ; or whose friendliness might be made
unavailing so long as their produce was liable to be in-
tercepted by an uctive enemy. It was willingly for-
gotten that when Napoleon was lord, of the Continent,
and affected to blockade Great Britain, he could not
stop the ingress of foreign corn. The alarmists were
ready only to see the ocean covered with armed French
steamers, and famine (famine to be averted
by a bread tax !) reducing our multitudes to absolute
starvation. A minute dissection of this fallacy has now
happily become not worth while. It was stifled in its
birth. The current of events has passed over it.
Monopoly will not be accommodated with slaughter to
trade upon. The horison clears, and the phantom
disappears. But although the sophism died a prema-
ture death, the fact that it had begun to be urged, and
that there were were symptoms o regarding it with
favour, and of pushing it forward into the front of the
bread-tax battle, may as well be " remembered in its
epitaph." The readiness with which such a notion was
put forth, skews the spirit in which a war would have
been supported by the "Tory party. It would, in
all probability, have received their general support ;
but they were already looking a-head to see what
they could make out of it. The honour of the
country, the aggressions of France, the balance of
power, the sacrifice of party hostility to national
energy ; all these would have been in their mouths,
and bread-tax in their hearts. We are not
making such an imputation gratuitously. The avidity
with which so flimsy a show of argument was pounced
upon, is sufficient justification ; and little as the argu-
ment may be worth in itself, a state of warfare is al-
ways so unreasoning a period, that doubtless the peo-
ple's cause, and their rightful expectation, would have
been damaged thereby. All reform stops in war time ;
and although least of all should that sort of reform be
suspended which tends to give the workman the loaf
he earns, yet even this case might not, and probably
would not, have formed any exception to the rule. We
cannot be too thankful that the occasion is not afforded.
The Corn-law Repealers may press onward in their pur-
pose without being stigmatised (however untruly and un-
justly) as co-operators with a foreign enemy for the degra-
dation of the country. Not that, even under the disastrous
infliction of an European war, there would have been any
soundness in the pretext of the monopolists. No war
could bar from us :hose supplies of food which
the proprietors of the soil render necessary, by failing to
produce a sufficient quantity. It has been remarked
by a Tory Contemporary that diplomacy has changed
its character to a considerable extent, and that the in-
terests of nations have now an allowed weight, in ques-
tions of peace and war, which formerly they scarcely
possessed, or only in subordination to the purposes and
passions of Sovereigns. Future wars cannot be carried

On in defiance of their unpopularity. It has become
requisite not only to fill up regiments, and put ships in
commission, but to arm the nation's mind. For a very
short time, would the people of England be willing to
bear war and bread-tax together. For the former they
would require a demonstrated necessity ; for the latter
they are satisfied that no necessity can be demonstrated.
The excitement of national honour, nay, even the abhor-
rence of being beaten, fail to tell upon empty stomachs.
The monopolists were deceived in their calculation.
War might stop reform, and put the Corn-law question
in abeyance, in the Legislature ; but what would be,
meanwhile, the condition of the country ? The Corn-
laws visit us in peace with one of the worst curses of
war. Invasion we have little cause to dread. The
death of gallant individuals is a heavy loss to their
families and friends ; but the calamity is private rather
than public, and affects a comparatively small circle.
The national bitterness of war is chiefly in the effect on
the price of food, and on the means of employment by
which the millions obtain their food. As much of this
as they can, the monopolists realise at all times. The
duty cuts off supplies more efficiently than hostile fleets
or swarms of privateers. It is, itself, the most atro-
cious kind of privateering, plundering the many for
the few, to be eluded by no skill, and baffled by no
bravery. The evils of war are always partial ; but
Corn-laws produce the mischief of war with all the
world. They make us dependent on a power which
has shown itself hostile to the interests of the comtpu-
nit'', and which never relaxes or relents, The popuia-
tion is in the condition in which it is said
that war
would place us ; even were it to be war with every
nation on the face of the earth. In all circumstances
the operation of the Corn-laws is unmitigated evil ;
they despoil war of its vigour and peace of its
plenty. We see by the local papers that attempts are
making, on the part of the Tory Magistrates, to
impede the Anti-Corn-law lectures. There is a
good deal of excitement on this question in Wilt-
shire. The monopolists having employed a Mr.
Justins in that county to persuade the population
of the great benefit they derived from having their
bread taxed, he has been followed by Mr. Sidney;
Smith on the other
'.de, and a strong impression seems
to have been produced by his eloquent and popular lec-
tures. The Town-hall at Caine had been granted to
Mr. Smith by the Mayor, and the first of a series of
three lectures, the May or himself presiding, delivered
to assembled crowds. At the recent municipal elec-
tions, a Tory was chosen to succeed in the Mayoralty.
The new functionary immediately rescinded the grant of
the Town-hall for the remaining lectures of the series.
The effect has been yet more to stimulate the enthu-
siasm of the people. But the circumstance may warn
the public against under-rating the importance of muni-
cipal appointments. Wherever Toryism has power,
little or much, to the extent of that power no public
right is safe. The worst laws against the freedom of
discussion flowed from the same polluted fountain as the
tax on bread.

(From the Morning Advertiser.)
We insert elsewhere the latest news received from
Syria. They are of the most favourable character, and
are so amply detailed, both in the Gazette and in other
means of communication, that it is unnecessary to enter
upon a special summary of them. Commodore Napier
appears to be the worthy successor of the ever-to-be
remembered star of England, the immortal Nelson, and
to realise what we prophesied the other day—that al-
though the great men of past days had either ylen
into their dotage, or been carried to " that bourne
from which no traveller returns," England was im-
mortal in the race of her heroes by sea and land ; and
that the occasion was only wanted to show that she
could in her might and glory make her enemies trem-
ble, and her doubtful friends succumb to her Wishes.
Commodore Napier has, in tact, displayed talents
which give us the most ample assurance that the flag of
Englandthe French
will be as triumphant in
many
ya as it was against
years
ago ; and
Invinc iblesin Egypt
that in the coming battle on the plains of Syria be-
tween him and Ibrahim Pacha, he will render as good
an account of his opponents as the Duke of Wellingt
did at Waterloo, of the first General and all his on
forces,
upon that famed field.

gave a
neighbourhood,
The Dowager Countess Craven
ball and supper at Hamstead Lodge, near grand Newbury, t
was announced at
it
nh the
honourrinci poafl inhabitants of
nuptialsthat to town and car
—aughter '
Louisa with Sir Frederick John Grimstone, Bart. Lady The
fete was of the most elegant description, and the supper
was very sumptuous. The ball was opened shortly after ten
b,. Mr. C. Johnson and the Countess Craven, Earl Craven
and Lady Louisa Johnstone, and the non.
Frederick
dance was renewed, and
was kept up with unabated spirit until an early hour the
Cravenone o,o'clock,
oacnkl a
fMt
ei
rs Johnstone.spihie
which
the
mazy Supper
succeeding morning.
and Hon.e Colonel Anson, M. P. ,
The Earl and Countess of Lichfield left early in
the past week for Shugborough Park, Staffordshire. On
Wednesday the Noble Earl and a party of friends, includ.
ing the Earl of Chesterfield, Count D Orsay, Mr. Standish,
ways'shooting. The
Thursday, and the two following d
lLefotrdfoSreypmaoeutor,e
sport on days, was ex-
weather, cellent, considering the unfavourable
for upwards
of 1,200 head of game were killed.
M.P.,
for a f

, at i
'- -
Sir
Sir Wm. Dundas, Bart., died suddenly on Fr.
'
day morning last, at his resider
William was previously in perfct ece
health Richmond, and had . S
tr
acted business in town only the day before his death. anfie-
is succeeded in his title and estate by his brother Liei t
nant-Colonel James Fullerton Dundas. The late Baronet
was in the 63d year of his age.

Charles Green,
r
theßsoAnnoßfAß
respectable BARBARITY
O P parents, A j
id.--g at Sunbury, mid:
U STelsCEin
dlesex, was sentenced on Monday week, the 9th inst., by
Sir John Gibbons, to two months' hard labour in the House
of Correction, for having been found with other boys, on
the preceding Sunday, playing at pitch-halfpenny in the
gravel-pits, some distance from the village. The inhabi-
tants generally feel highly indignant at the severity of the
T
sentence, and are using their endeavours to release the
poor boy, who, in justice be it said, was never before even
suspected of doing wrong. Bail to any amount was of-
fered for his future good behaviour, or a fine paid, but no-
tint, Aro t ef pound a flesh wquid z,tisf-
y the cork of
j'!sr Of the tuthappy euts
nu-,y be bt:t.
ter imagined than described.

(TUESDAY EVENING.)
TlMES.—Private letters from Lisbon contain further
instances of the neglected state of financial affairs in Por-
tugal. The Custom-house clerks, it appears, take in the
shape of gratuities about 80i- per cent, on their annual
pay, which gratuities (falsely so called) are claimed under
the sanction of the Minister of Finance. The number of
persons employed is said to be excessive, and the " gra-
tuities," while a great impediment to trade, do not bring
anything whatever to the revenue. As for the internal
consolidated debt, the price of it is said to be considerably
on the decline. The various mixed operations that have
lately taken place, and the recent issues of 5 per cent.
stock, have brought more public securities into the mar..
ket than cautious capitalists are willing to purchase. It
has been remarked at the Portuguese Court that twenty-
nine noblemen have nit yet paid their respects there,
and these are from among the former partisans of
Don Miguel. This has caused some uneasiness at
the Palace. The monks resident at Lisbon, who were
driven from their convents, and deprived of the
property belonging to them, have petitioned the Govern-
ment, being reduced to great distress by the non-payment
of the pension that was assigned to them. The number
of these at Lisbon is 600, besides 2,200 in the provinces,
who are equally destitute; and it is considered that the
appearance of these unhappy persons has an unfavourable
influence on the mind of the lower orders, wbo are less
willing to pay taxes. when they perceive so little anxiety
on the part of the Government to appropriate its reve-
nues to the discharge of its just obligations. A negotia-
tion has commenced between Portugal and Spain, respect-
ing certain modifications of the import duties in the latter
country. Spain has consented to reduce these duties at
its ports ow cotton, and some other articles of merchan-
dise, coming in Spanish ships from the four ports of Ge-
noa, Marseilles, Bordeaux, and Gibraltar. The Portu-
guese Minister desires that Lisbon may be also one of the
privileged ports.
The Portuguese import duties on crockery and porcelain
are, it is said, to be altered to the following rates :
" On common, I,6oo_reis.per arroba of 321 b.

" On common painted with two different colours, 3,200
reis per 321 b.

" On plain transparent porcelain, 4,800 reis per 321 b.
" On transparent porcelain with more than one colour,
6,090 reis per 321 b.

" On gilt, or painted with many colours, or drawings of
places, views, &c., 12,800 reis per 321 b."
The President of the republic of Venezuela has issued a
decree dated Caraccas, the 16th of September last, ac-
cording to which the republic acknowledges 281 per cent.
as her share of the foreign debt contracted with Colombia.
It is decreed that the new bonds for the first capital shall
bear an interest of 2 per cent. per annum for the seven suc-
ceeding ears, which is then to he annually increased per
cent. till it reaches 6 per cent. The dividends arc to be
paid in London every six months. With respect to the
arrears of such of the interest as Venezuela acknowledges
to be due from her, on the same principle as that which
recognizes the division of the capital, as well as those arrears
which form the part of the:6 per cent. left unpaid for the
several succeeding years, according to the proposed ar-
rangement, bonds are to be issued at 1001. per cent. on
the capital, in such a manner that the new capital shall
rise to an amount equal to the first one already acknow-
ledged. These bonds are not to bear interest till the Ist
of October, 1852, after which they are to bear 1 per cent,
for the first year, with an annual increase of 4 per cent.
until it reaches 5 per cent.. which will be their maximum.
The delivery of the new Venezuelan bonds is to be en-
dorsed on the present Colombian bonds, provided the con-
version be riot effected on the part of the Governments of
New Granada and Ecuador.

POST.—Money is tolerably easy in Lombard-street,
the discount of good commercial paper being effected at
the rate of five per cent. per annum. At the Stock Ex-
change the pressure which was felt late in the afternoon
yesterday has been in no degree mitigated, but rather the
contrary. A leading broker gave as much as seven per
cent. for accommodation frcm day to day, and this to a
considerable amount, on the deposit of Exchequer bills—
a proof, we should say, that the reduction made in the cir-
culation and securities of the Bank of England against
the withdrawal of deposits and bullion upon the large
scale exhibited in the last returns is regarded as the pre-
cursor of a more stringent course of action, the exchanges
being, meanwhile, low, and not to be depended upon
from one post day to another.
The opening quotations for the foreign funds, the half-
monthly settlement in which took place yesterday, have
not been maintained. In the absence of news, prices are
apparently affected solely by the unsettled state of the
Money Market, and the prospect there is of the early in.
troduction of some other loans, the effect of which will,
of course, be to absorb capital, and to reduce the competi-
tion for the bonds already in circulation.
The Railway Share Market has been further depressed,
not only by the reports of accidents, and of the inquests to
which those accidents give rise, in the newspapers, but by
a sinister rumour which prevails that Government are
about to lay an impost upon this class of property. That
well-intentioned, possibly, but unenlightened Nobleman,
Earl Spencer (when Lard Althorp), no sooner saw that
the system of steam navigation was brought to something
like perfection, than he attempted to come down upon it
with a tax--a tax, it' we remember rightly, of five per cent.
Ili. Lordship was, however, mot. supported in the indul-
gence of the sort of liberalty the fruit of which would have
been to throw a damp upon the exercise of the mental
powers as applied to scientific objects and inventive enter-
prise ; so that his notable plan for raising supplies through
that ill-selected medium was no sootier conceived than
abandoned.

The railway establishments, although accidents have
lately occurred upon some of the lines, which appear to be
the result of carelessness alone, for which a specific remedy
should be applied, are in the position that the newly-intro-
duced system of steam navigation was. Millions upon
millions have been expended in the development of their
capabilities, the benefits of which the nation is now reap-
ing. Would it not, then, be highly impolitic—highly
unjust—to visit them with the blighting influence of a
Government tax ? They have the countenance of Parlia-
ment—.the most decided and unhesitating countenance that
could be given—and we do not certainly anticipate anj-
thing so extravagant as that the legislative power should
stultify its own proceedings by sanctioning any proposition
of the nature of that which seems to be apprehended. A
tax will tend rather to legalize than to prevent accidents.

H ERA L D.—Although considerable exertions are mak-
ing to bolster up the Funds, it would seem to be a matter
of extreme difficulty even to keep them at existing quota.

Some of the Foreign Securities show a little improve-
ment in the quotations. In Dutch Stocks it may be as-
cribed to a natural re-action upon the late decline, as the
interchange in stock transactions is so speedy, and the
traffic so regular, between Amsterdam and this city, that a
difference between the two of 1-16 constitutes a profit for
transmission of the bonds to whichever of the markets is
most favourable for the operation.
The money pressure has been felt more strongly in the
Stock Exchange to-day, and as much as the rate of 7 per
sent. has been given for it on the security of Exchequer
Bills for a few days. Although accounts have been pub-
lished of the stringent and oppressive effects of Bank of
England restrictive policy in the manufacturing districts of
the north, and particularly in Manchester, it may be
affirmed that that' have been considerably exaggerated.
In lieu of 8 or 10 per cent, being paid for discounts,
as asserted, it may bo stated as the result of private
inquiries in that place and on the faith of statements to be
depended upon, that not more than 6 per cent, has been
demanded or exacted for creditable paper. It may be
that for some of a more doubtful class, but which never-
theless in a better condition of money affairs, would have
passed muster, as much as 7 per cent, has been paid, but
the instances must be rare, and assuredly none can be
cited from actual knowledge. For Manchester, and other
large towns, are not like this metropolis, where there is a
market for all sort of bills at all ranges of discounts from
sto 50 per cent. In the country one kind of practice only
is known. If a bill is deemed eligible it is discounted at
the rate current on the day ; if not of a suitable class it will
not be taken at any rate of discount offered. Excessive
rates of discount would be regarded as usury on all sides,
and notwithstanding the abolition of the usury laws, the
moral feeling against what was once considered usury by law
is still almost as strong against it as ever, now that the laws
have been repealed and that usury is legalised. That man's
character would be damaged who should exact usurious
interest, and his credit destroyed who should submit to it.
The case is different in this city, where all rates of dis-
count varying with every quality of bill paper presented,
are current, asked and paid day by day. But here there
exists greater facilities for the transaction of such kind of
business, and, where reserve is desirable, the secret is less
likely to transpire. There is no doubt that, at present, the
Bank screw is very tightly applied, as indeed the Bank
averages published and commented on in the Herald of
Monday will show. In proof as much as 9 per cent. for
a short period was paid for a considerable sum t?-day by
parties of respectability in trade in the City. This cannot
of course be a solitary instance, for many people of equal
and inferior standing would have, in case of need, , to pay
as much or more. It is understood that Bank actionis, or
will be, more strictly enforced against paper, enown or
suspected to Ue, of loan or stock-jobbin,ts' origin, and
against parties reported to be connected with that sort of
speculation, even if not against bankers or discount houses
more specially understood to advance upon foreign stocks
and whose chief business may lie in Stock- Exchange ac-
counts.

CHRON IC L E.— We understand that a portion of the
Belgian Loan taken by the Messrs. Rotbschilds is ex-
pected to be brought out here to-morrow. The original
amount of the Ican, we believe, was about 1,200,0001., of
which 600,000/. was taken in Brussels, and the remain-
ing portion to be divided between London and Paris. The
price, we hear, is 97f.

SUN.—The Foreign Exchanges were a shade higher
to-day. On Paris the rate was 25f. 55c. to 57ic.; on
Hamburgh 13 53 to and on Amsterdam 12 2i to
4.
There was again an extreme scarcity of money in the
Stock Exchange to-day, and very high rates of interest
were paid for large amounts on the security of Exche-
quer Bills—as much as 10 per cent. was asked and
given, and the consequence of this tightness was a de-
w es,inn is th!2 vqlue of the unfunded debt from 2e. pre-
-1 1, I to 1,, protniiim anal di:“.!oint, II tH,
increased dearness of money on the Stock Exchange

should have the effect of checking that extensive speen •
lation which has recently been carried on in the foreign
securities we shall see little cause to regret it. Hitherto
it has been the complaint that the commercial interests
alone were pinched by the Bank of England screw, and
as loans could he made at 3 per cent. on stock, while 6
per cent. was demanded out of doors, it is by no means
to be wondered at that such an assertion should have
been made. Now, however, we find money full as dear
among the speculators, as it is with the discount brokers.
For present delivery Consols have realized 89 to 894,
and for the Account 89i to 89k. Yesterday there was
no difference between the quotations for immediate de-
livery, and that for the 26th inst. To-day there was a
continuation for the nine days of full 1-16, or say even
k per cent. India Bonds were at I3s. discount. A
parcel of India Stock was taken by the broker acting
for the Accountant-General of the Court of Chancery
at 239 ; Bank Stock was at 160 ; the New Three-
and-a-half per Cents, realised 981 to i ; and the Re-
duced Three per Cents. 88 to 4.
The Foreign securities closed steadily. Spanish
Actives at 24i ; Portuguese New at 361; Mexican at
09i ; French Three per Cents, at 77f. 75c. ; and,Coloni-
bian at 26.

Shares were dull all day, and with a downward
tendency.

The following is the official return of the exports of
bullion from the Port of London, for the week ending
Thursday last --
Silver Coin to liamburgh
Silver Coin to Rotterdam
Silver Coin to Belgium
Silver Coin to British West Indies

Silver Bars to Rotterdam 64,529 oz.
Gold Bars to Rotterdam

TO THE WATERLOO-BRIDGE

PROPRIETORS.

GENTLEMEN,—The horse-toll, although diminished
beyond half, yields more at present than the full toll
used to give, and yet don't bring any new kind of pas-
sengers, therefore a halfpenny foot-toll would exceed the
penny-toll, although only the same kind of passengers
came ; but that lower payment would b ring the work-
people, a new class, to our bridge, which must go forth
i❑ all weathers—which don't leave London when Par-
liament is prorogued—which is far more numerous than
all the rest of society.
Yet this advantage of the reduction does not remove
the undue influence which sways most of your Commit-
tee against it ; I therefore take the liberty of exhort-
ing you to attend the December assembly to protect
not only the public convenience but your own property,
which is more valuable than you seem to imagine.
There are nearly 700 persons interested therein, yet
hardly one-twentieth of them attend ; and Lucullus
himself was foiled when the army refused to act.
So clear to me is the advantage, that if you agree to
reduce the foot-toll one-halt for eight months from the
7th of next December, I will engage to make the re-
venue therefrom equal to its amount in the correspond-
ing period from December, 1839, in case the reduction
diminishes that revenue, on condition that I shall re-
ceive the overplus, if the revenue is more instead of less.
My property in the bridge is ample security for this
offer ; therefore the annuitants cannot lose, and may
gain very considerably.
As to the assertion at our Committee-board, that the
Lord Chancellor has declared his intention to forbid the
reduction, it is impossible that he can have so deter-
mined on a fair statement of the matter ; and the fear of
riots, as in the year 1780, if it became necessary to
raise the toll again, is another bugbear adapted to
frighten weak men, who forget that we have a well
managed police, and that instead of the inert Lord
North* (who lost America by his admired oratory), we
have vigorous statesmen both in office and out of
office, ready to patronise the bridge-owners, if they dis-
played more regard for the general welfare.
The Spaniards are ridiculed for having a grand
bridge, with very little water running under it ; but our
magnificent bridge, the admiration of Canova, the me-
morial of Waterloo, is ridiculed by foreigners for the
paucity of people walking over it ; and what should
be a national honour, is made by us a national stigma.
Either I am an idiot in thinking so different from our
Committee, or else its majority, who seldom attend the
meetings, are grossly misled in deciding (so contrary to
reason and proof) against the advantage of the bridge-
owners, the convenience of the public, and the vital in.
terests of the workpeople.
I remain, Gectiemen,
Your obliged and obedient humble servant,
THOMAS MORGAN.

* General Howe had orders not to kill many of the
Americans, and Captain Stuart had led his company within
the American lines at the battle of Brooklyn so that all
Washington's army might have been destroyed, when he
was ordered off! 1 1

CAPTAIN REYNOLDS AND THE
ELEVENTH HUSSAdS,

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SIM%
Sts,—As I did not intrude upon you with any observa-
tions during the Reynolds and Cardigan scribbling mania,
I trust that you will not refuse me a small space of your
Paper to make a few remarks now the mania has sub-
sided. Last week I observed a letter either in The Sun
or Chronicle, in which it was stated that when Captain
Reynolds is restored to his rank in the army, he must
necessarily return to the 11th, as it would be degrading
to the officers of any other regiment to associate with a
man that could write such a cringing, rod-kissing, slave-
like letter as the one he addressed to the public through
the medium of the Times. I must bee leave to differ
from the writer of that letter, and will boldly assert, without
fear of successful contradiction, that Capt. R. A. Reynolds
is a fair sample of the British officer. They are at all times
ready to fight either friend or foe in order to assert their
net over well-defined notions of honour, but whether it is
in consequence of mental idleness occasioned by the little
necessity there is for them to think for themselves, or
from any other unknown cause, the fact is undeniable,
that they are not, nor ever have been, celebrated either at
home or abroad for any very remarkable power of distin-
guishing between right and wrong. That the majority of
British officers are tyrants to their subordinates, and cring-
ing abject slaves to their superiors in rank, I will not as-
sert, but, from my own knowledge, I can testify to a con-
siderab'm number of them being of that description.
As regards their notions of justice, what right, I would
ask, has a man to complain of being harshly dealt with,
who would have witnessed with perfect ease and satisfac-
tion the living flesh torn and lashed from the back of his
fellowman for precisely the same offence for which he
(Capt. Reynolds) is only turned out of the service,but with
a back as free from scars as when he entered it ? Can he,
or any other Captain, show any mark of distinction con-
ferred by nature to entitle him to have such an immense
difference made in his favour ? The Liberal portion of
the Press has done much towards abolishing the flogging
system, but to me it appears that such efforts are prema-
ture ; the very fact of its existence is a sufficient proof
that the Army is unfit for any other kind of government ;
therefore, instead of abolishing let it be extended—let it
be administered fairly, the same number of lashes for the
same kind of offence, whether committed by private or
officer, until such time as the army can be composed of
men sufficiently rational to disdain to be governed like
slaves or brutes—there would then be required no Act of
Parliament to abolish it for ever.
I am' Sir, your's, respectfully,
AN OLD SOLDIER, AND A CHARTIST.
Birmingham, Nov. 15.

[We publish this letter without concurring in some of
the opinions expressed by the writer. We should be loath
to entertain so unfavourable opinions from a portion of the
British Army.]

PRINCE Po NIATOWSKI'S NEW OPERA.--
The long-expected opera by Prince Poniatowski was
brought out on the 11th ult. at the Pergola Theatre of
Florence, the amateurs of which city agree in pronouncing
it to be a work of great promise. The Prince was called
forward no fewer than eight times. Among the performers
were Mme. Unger, Messrs. Roncani and Musich, who
sustained their parts with all their well-known talents, and
the opera was in all points got up with the utmost bril-
liancy. It is said that the Prince is composing a new work.
FANNY ELSSLER. Fanny Elssler has pre-
sented one thousand dollars towards the erection of the
national monument at Bunker Hill. The American press
has been divided in sentiment as to the contribution for a
national object from such a source, but the liberal portion
of the community have prevailed over fanaticism, and it
will be received in the same generous spirit that prompted
the offer. Her popularity as a danseuse still continues
unabated. She is, we believe, about to rAurn to Europe,
though there are rumours of her visiting the Havannah,
and remaining at the other side of the Atlantic until the
spring.
THE SILK TRADE.—The Coventry Herald
tells us that a new species of machinery has been brought
hits
into operation in the silk trade, which threatens to make
so material an alteration in all its branches, that ' "
become " an entirely new trade, and must be learntwill
as such." The great principle of the division
aorafte labour
classes
very carefully carried out—that is to say, every part in the
process of the manufacture is performed by sap
of operatives. That which in the ribbon trade is
done by the weaver alone, will in future form anoCgccubpeartailolny
for three distinct persons even in the plain branch. Thus
the warp, which in the case of the ribbon weaver comes
into his hands from the warper, is handed over, in the
first place, to the twister, who puts it through the reed or
knub picker,
by
callacya.redlftrotinhenallgoitessktnoottlz
tray proceeds' and
whom it is carefully
the process of vveavilntggoutywith
tfihber
leastfibres, so th at
pos-
sible obstruction.
or reed, are all willremoved , therefore, be seen that when
the warp is woven down,out
te roll,o r
the t hrrouomm,
together,harness, andand slay
h e
re-
placed by others, including the new warp prepared for t
working ; and the
1,,in., to
4 is„, time occupied in making this exchange
' ' ' inmultni, the weaver will ilav,-, crd,cl ,rne
1p.,..e (.„ ~ ,
. . u,p, and cammeaced weaving another,
this trifling