The Sun.
London, England, 1815-01-09 00:00:00

STATE OF.PARTIES IN AMERICA

" I will endeavour, in this letter, to convey to
you an epitome of American politics, as, they
strike many people in this community, which
may probably prove serviceable, and, perhaps, new
to you, as they were to me until very lately, hitt
which I think is now unfounded. Your acquaint-
ance among their connections may, perhaps, en-
able you to reconcile the principal features of this
Ametian jugglery.
" it is said, that the present war is , merely an
electioneering job, contrived those now in
power, to secure the next election for President,
On whonvevery Officer in the
,United Government
depends. In England, if there is a change in
Ministry, there are not more than ten or a dozen
of the principal- Officers who lose their places ;
but in the United States, as there are but two
Icading parties, and the President is sure to be-
long to one of them, every person in the employ-

'lien, of that Governmentiiiexitably becowe's ti e
ghject of his attention; and the whole list of
Federal Officers, from Georgia- to New Llarup-
shire„ is made t(i conform with the political creed
of' the Chief.
You, no doubt, have heard that the people of
the United States are, generally, divided into Fe-

deralists and Anti Federalists ; the former arc, or

pretend to be, strict adherents to the established
constitution as settled soon after the revolutionary
vt'ar of this class were Washington and Adams,
who. have had their turn in the chair of State dur-
ing tINo elections each, or eight years.. The latter,
called. by their opponents Democrats, affect to
believe that the constitution_ is too closely allied
to the monarchial system, and wish to render it
more popular than it actually is. The fact; bow-
ev-er, is, that the two terms, tare merely 110111 S de
guerre for o‘o political Sects, who have as various
subordinate opinions as there'are individuals com-

posing them.
"Mt. Jeffers6n" liad his two etecrions-or four
years each, and Mr. Madison is in the second year
of his second election :—these two are Anti-Fe-
deralists, and, as it seem to have become a sort of
tacit establishment that no one person shall .enjoy
more than two election's ; and as, at the expira-
tion of Air. Madison's second two yea's, the two
partitiwill each h&ve had their equal term ; it now
,hecomeS a fair contest of which Party the next
President shall be. Thus, you see, the private
interests of the
.Ins and the Outs instigate the
strife every four years very touch ;—every -eight
years still more, but every thirty-tmo years the
contest becomes redoubled both in expectation
and virulence.

"The inhabitants of the States from Delaware
northward are ,chiefly Federalists and tradeis;
those to the southward, principally Anti-Fede-
ralists and. farmers. It is, therefore, not a pro-
bable thing that Mr. -MADISON, who is an un-
doubted Anti, should make war with Great Bri-
tain for the sake of obtaining free ships and sailors'
or.that he should exert his inmost efforts
to obtain time Canadas to become (as they must
in case of.conquesti an appendage to the-Eastern
States, who, in his estimation, arc already too
powerful. reconcile this -seeming contradic-
tion, it was conjectured, by the opposite party,
that, should a conquest be. made of the Canadas,
they would have been given up to the French, in
order to counterbalance the apprehended conse-
quent pr6ponderance of- the Federal States.
" So far the acts of the enemy have, hitherto,
corresponqed with this system ; for the New Eng-,
land States especially, apprehensive of such
hours, have hung back trom the- wat•. •