The Sun.
London, England, 1823-07-23 00:00:00

Froni the LONDON GAZETTE, 'July 42'2.

BANKRUPTCY SUPEMSEDBI3. •
J. O'Brien, Broad-street-buildings, Lendon, Merchant.
BA NKR UPTS.. •
G. Kenning, ChUrch-street, SPital-fields, silkman' to SUN
render,. Jut), 29, -Aug. 5, and Sept. '2, at ten, at the Court of
Commissioners. Attornies, Messrs. Webster and Son,' Qtteen-
street, Cheapside.
J. Sciaccaluga, Old Bailey, London, merchant, Aug. 5,9,
and Sept. 2, at twelve, at the Court of Commissioners. At-
tornies, Messrs. Lavie and Oliverson, Frederick's-place, Old
Jewry.
W. H. Aslor, Sun-street, Bishopsgate-street, musical-instru-
ment-maker, July 26, Aug. 2, at twelve,, and Sept. 2, at fen,
at the Court of Commissioners. Attorney, Mr. Lester, New-
court, Crutched-Friars, Lbndon.
J. Copp, High-street,-Bloomsbury, draper, July 26, Aug. 2,
and Sept. 2, at eleven, at the Court of Commissioners. Attor.:
ney, Mr. T. Gates, Cateaton-street.
It. .11torton, jun. Charlotte-street, Fitzroy-square, paper-
-hanger, July 29, Aug. 9, and Sept. 2. at ten', at the Court of
)
Commissioners. Attorney, Mr. Hill Welbeck-street, Caven-
dish-square, London.
J. liongworth, Liverpool, joiner, Aug. 25, 26, and Sept." 2,
at one, at the York Hotel, Liyerpool. Attornies, Mr. Leather,
Liverpool ; and Mr. Leigh, Charlotte-row, Mansion-House,
London.
M. Davies, Bodynfol, Llanfechan, Montgomeryshire, farmer,
July 31, August 1, and Sept. 3, at eleven, at the Wvnnstay,
Arms Inn, Oswestry, Shropshire. „Attornies, Mr. .T. Rogers,
• Lincoln's Inn-fields, London; and Messrs. Minshall and Sa-
bine, Oswestry.

DIVIDENDS.
Aug. 14. P. Robinson, Kendal, Westmorland, mercer, at
ten, at the King's Arms Inn, Kendal—Aug. 14, T. Parkes,
Stourbridge, Worcesterslitte, grocer, at:eleven, at the Wheat
Sheaf Inn, Bewdley—Oct. 4, J. Manning, Clements Inn,
money broker, at twelve, at the Court of Commissioners—
Aug. 23, T. Belli Lincoln, baker, at eleven, at the Saracen's
Head Inn, Lincoln—Aug. 16 and 30, T. A. 31inchip, W.' G.
Carter, and A. Kelly, .jun Portsmouth, bankers, at eleven,
at the Court of COmmtssioners, London.
CERTIFICATES, AUG. 1;2.
J. B. Inglis and J. Inglis, Mark-lane merchants—J. Baillie,
Aylesbury-street; Clerkenwejl, iron-founder—M. Garland,.
Bunhill-row, merchant—J: Ilitchins, Littlington, Sussex.
farmer—T..Tait 'and J. Tait, Dover-road, Southwark, brewers
—J. C. Edwards; Throgniorton-street, stock-broker--0. Brown,
New Bond-street, oilman.
PART\ ERS II IPS DISSOLVED.
Forpe, J. Cragg, and N. Lawrence, Liverpool, earn.
mission-merchants—C. and J. Stancliffe and J. Tolson, 'Dal-
ton, Yorkshire, yarn-manufacturers--J: Mania and .1. 510 ore,
Manchester, calico-print dealers—W. Nicholson and T. Ito-
binson,Woodgate, ,ancaahire, tanners.—J. Hall .& J. Thom.
son, Oxford-street, boot-tree-makers—V. Chaplin & R. Easto,
Tooley-street, tea-dealers—W. Holmes. W. Deaville, J. Mal-
kin, and G. Pyatt, Cheadle-Eaves, Stairordshire, coal-masters
S. B. Sands and S. French, West Cowes, Isle of Wight, linen-
drapers—T. Dunn and J. Peacock, Manchester,
G. and I. Day, Wollavington, Somersetsbire, lime-burners—J.
King and J. Pinn, Kingston-upon-Hull, linen:drapers—A.
Kurtz, A. Mann, and 0. Tehbs, Thames-bank-place. West-
minster' manufacturing-chemists, so far as regards A. Kurtz—
.l. and It. C. Shepherd, Bishopsgate-street-withip, trunk-
makers,-.R. and C. Hodgson.,
Long-lane, Bermondsey,• soda-
water-manufacturers-4. and "S. Stone, Kingston-upon-null,
sail-makers—B. F. Hopkins and A. ,Macdonald, Barbican,
dealers in tallow—T. and J. Mucklow, Birmingham, stampers
and piercers—J. Caton and W. Leckie, Preston, cotton-spin-
nert—W. Simpson, J. Newton, and It. Simpson, Wallington,
Surrey, calico-printers.

EXPEDITION FOR EXPLORING THE COURSE OF
THE NIGER.

( From the Gold Coast Gazetts. )

The Mission, consisting of Dr. Oudenay, Major Denham,
and Lieut. Clapperton, had on their first journey arrived at
Mourzouk, the capital of the kingdom of Ferrari,, in the Month
of April last, in the best health and spirits, having performed
the journey in forty-two days, a distance of 600 miles. On his
arriving at Mourzouk, the same house was prepared for them
that had been inhabited by Mr. Ritchie and friends in the year
1819, and where he fell a victim to the arduous enterprize
he
had tindertaken.
All those who have read Captain Lyon's interesting narrative
of his journey will recollect the delays and difficulties that pre-
sented themselves to the further prosecution of their object, and
the privations they had to encounter and endure, which paralized
their exertions by exhausting at once their health and resources.
Major Denham, fearing lest his hopes might be defeated by
similar means, and all his endeavours to advance to Bourne
prove inefficient, decided on the hazardous alternative of return-
ing to Tripoli—and he describes his journey in the
s
e made e words
ac-
:—
In pursuance of arrangements which you w
quainted with by my letter from Mourzouk, I left that place on
the 10th of May., and after twenty-three days of great fatigue
arrived here (Tripoli) on the 11th of last month. One Arab
Sheik and two camels comprised, with myself, the caravan.—
Our usual time was from 14 to 16 hours in the 24 on the march;
and in passing the deserts (three and four days in length) al-
ways 18 hours—the camels-I scarcely ever allowed•to rest. The
halt we always made in the middle of the day, to allow the
camels to come up, was by far the most trying part of the jour.
ney—exposed to the burning heat of the mid-day sun, where
nature had not provided shade sufficient for a grasshopper,
lying on scorching sand, and nothing to allay our parching
thirst but wretched water, which had been for several days in
beastly skins, was misery I bad no conception of before.
" At night we generally got a little Kouscacous, with some
fat and s t--tno bad supper—but a cup of tea was luxury su-
preme, as it satisfied our thirst and took off the edge of the pu-
trid state of the bad water. Our fire, which was always made by
scraping together the camel's dung which we found, was con-
sequently uncertain, and even sometimes could not find more
than was necessary for boiling a little water. I had a tent with
me, but seldom pitched it, we wen. all too tired, and my Arab
thought it quite useless. We slipped off our horses, when
nearly sleeping with fatigue and heat, the nose bag was put
over the poor aniMal's head, and a cord round his fire legs.
The loose stones were soon cleared for a space large e
two mo-
ments our troubles were forgotten."
Fah 'arrangements have been now' made by which it is
res
hoped all the difficulties, except those of climate may be avoided.
Major 'Denham has again get forward to rejoin bus a.ssocatea
I shall certainly maktrtlie attempt of
irletsuurbrisiner
home
lee
by the s'thsaeyway of Egypt.
•

BUILGLA RI RS.--Montlay night some ruthons
broke open the shop of Mr. J. Rogers, tailor, 61, Goswell
street,and carried off a great quantity of wearing apparel. The
same night the dwelling..houseThomas lie Wit, copen.
ter, in St. John-street, was burglariously entered, apd robbed of
wearing apparel, home linen, &c.

PROSPECTUS.
Agriculture and Grazing, in a soil and climate.so peculiar as
those of New South Wales, present so many features of novelty
and difficulty, that it must eppear surprising that a Colony of'
Englishmen have been settled five and thirty years in the coun-
try, without associating themselves for the purposes of com-
municating their mutual experience, and benefiting by their
reciprocal advice; still more, for the-purpose of effecting, by
means of a subscription fund, improvements in the breed of
animals, and experiments in the growth of produce, which are
beyond the reach of an individual purse. Soineof the causes
of the delay of this great' and. important association in New
Smith Wales, lie perhaps in local politics, the cinders of which
it will be better not now to disturb : and SO= are doubtlesii to
he found in the slowness and scantiness with which free,;emi-
gration has flowed into a Colony like this. Happily,, this last
cause is now in sure and steady course of' removal ; and we
cannot but congratulate ourselves upon the nombersand•res:pec-
tabiliq of the settlers, whdare deily arriving aniong us, under-the
'administration and auspices dont present worthy Governor and
Patron.-At any rate we know that the procrastination of this
tiesociatien is not to be attributed to eny.selfish or, monopo-
lous views of •the few 'free settlers, of whom this Colony has
always -boasted ; for many of us can remember their constant
agitation and desideration of the measure for at least the last
five years ; and nothing could manifest this desire.better than
the rapidity with which this Society was formed. Upon the
first notice of its intention, a large body of the principal land-
holders and merchants met, and immediately enrolled as its
members almost the whole of the great landholders, stock•
holders, and merchants of the Colony. The time, indeed,
seems now in every way ripe, and fit for its being brought to
bear. The greater part of the land on this side of the. Nepean
has been the arable cropped out by bad husbandry, and the
paSture consumed by surcharge of cattle; so that scientific
farming and artificidgrasses have become absolutely, necessary
for the continued supply, of the victualling. markets of our
towns to which, unhappily, Nature has deprived us of navig-
.
able rivers from the interior. Added to this, the breeds of our
elieep and our 'horses have begun to acquire an exportable value
and reputation, which can only be sustained by constant re-
newal, and skilful selection' and attention ; anti it cannot be
supposed that his-Majesty's Government wll always continue
to incur such an immense outlay ' for the support of convicts
(at least in this part of the territory), whom the revulsion of
England from war to peace, and the late paper system of British
currency, have, for the last seven years, transported in such
numbers to our shores. Already have we seen a diminution in
those numbers; and the measures of the present 14ca1 Govern.
ment will doubtless, in time, diminish their expellee to the
Groin; and thus throw us colonists more and more utron our
own resources. It becomes us, therefore, to provide for our-
selves; to make the most of the land we have cleared ; to nn.
prove our fleeces, our horses, and our mulch cattle ; to look out
for new exports; to improve the present; to distil our own
grein, and to grow our own tobacco ; to listen to the official re-
port of the Navy Board upon the superiority of New Zealand flax;
and upon the worth of some of our native timber ; to try
whether we cannot grow indigo or collect tannin. These, and
many more which the congregated information of an Agricul.
aural Society best can suggest, are all important objects in a 1
Colony like this; and it is with these Views that the present '
institution is proposed. It is nothing to the prosperity of a
Colony, that one or two individuals possess highly improved
cattle or sheep, or can shew a well-tilled field, or a meadow of
English grasses; the plantation can only be said to flourish
when the means of oh'taining these advantage's ate placed within
the reach of all, and when a public spirit of agricultural im-
provement shall be implanted In the breast of all. Competition
and reward (call it emulation or pride if you will) are necessary
(human nature teaches us) to excite this spirit ; and, when
once roused, personal interest and profit will easily keep it
alive. Who, that knows the beneihs.beitowed by agriculture,
does not warn at the thought of the good this Society will pro-
duce,
,when, in its course (after blessing this Colony), it ex-
tends its influence over this new continent, this new world?
connected with this Society are all the improvements in social
life, front the lowest labour of the hind, so the most exquisite
skill in the Fine Arts •• for these are _us‘s- tus •wisonter efferea nf.
the pruspsi„,..„„--aatteliss To us is given by rrovldence, witn
the nation, to which we belong, the high honour to civilize this
new world, and to give our Religion, our Laws, our Language,
and all the civil blessings we enjoy, to this rude, uncultivated
wilderness.
Having
,said thus much of the importance of our Society to
this Colony, let us now point out what appear to be the princi-
pal objects to be kept in view.—There is no Eden in nature
all is from the industry of man. We must do what all nations
have done, before us—collect from every quarter what is adapted
to our soil and climate. We must new clothe our adopted
country ; we.roust hew down the useless gum trees, and . plant
the more useful fruit trees of Europe; and, in lieu of the pre-
sent 'thin herbage, give to our meadows the rich pasture of
Britain. Whilst making our improvements, we must attend to
the prudential advice given so many centuries ago, well to con-
sider " quid mueque ferat regio, et quid quieque recuset."-,I
And, when we listen to this advice, we have abundant reason for
grateful exultation ; as we are just in the latitude of the finest
parts of Europe, where the vine
the olive, the fig and the
mulberry (which is the food of the silk-worn) grow; a climate
,
for tobacco, that friend of the, poor; and a climate for the fine
fruits of Asia Minor. And, as the markets may demand, and
the price of labour may
.permit, hemp and flax, and every
other produce not requiring a tropical climate inay be culti-
vated.
When we contemplate our Colony, as adapted to breeding
of cattle? we have great reason to be eatisfled for, with very
small eflorts, we have attained to considerable merit in our
horned stock; and, though our colony has been formed only
five and thirty-years, we have already begun to supply the
wealthy in the old established Colonies of India and Batavia
with stately horses for their carriages. The importation of still
finer breeds, in which attempt no doubt Government will raise
our cattle to excellence, and make them eagerly sought for in
the markets of those wealthy settlements.
In regard to sheep, no country, in so short a time, and with
such puny means, has improved its flocks so rapidly ; for,
with the introduction of only a very few Merino sheep, there
are now entire flocks with fleeces a' little short of the Merino
wool in excellence, and thousands and ten of thousands rapidly
attaining to nearly equal merit. -With a small present of
eine sheep front his Majesty's !locks, and the free use of the
waste lands of' the Colony, our wealth in sheep will be great
indeed, and our exports of fine wool to the Mother Country a
substantial benefit to her manufactures ; for, in the Colony of
Van Diemen's Land, whore the waste lands were freely opened
to all, the sheep had increased in 'lll2l to 170,391, whilst the
sheepin our Colony the same year were only 119,777.
• No doubt, that as this our staple article Increases in estima-
tion in the English market, every hindrance to the increase of
our flocks will be removed ; and, as the lands of Great Britain
and Ireland can be more profitably employed in growing the
larger carcase and the longer wools, our improvements will not
be envied us by our brother graziers at home.-- In the iin-
provetncntnf stock, too little attention has, in general, been
paid to the introduction of females. The following calcula-
tions have therefore been made to chew the advantage of intro-
ducing a fare portion of fenudes.
The following paper having been laid before the Society of
Agriculture by one of its ablest Members, to shew the advan-
tage of introducing females, when improving live stock, the
Committets has ordered it be printed in the Sydney Gazette, for
central information ; as the doctrine, though exemplified in
other stack
bi applicable to
Remarks for the consideration of the Committee on the sub-
jt•et of importing Merino
sheep; spewing the difficulty or int.
possibility of obtaining Pule blood
without the introduction
IN ewes being put t
of Merino ewes; to one Merino ram, or
to several.
Darn EWES WILL I.llfYna
THE
ONE 1.11-114 0 we lambs, which
and Ist MSS,will produce
the
let year, 5 e
25 e w 14111uSi Whieli will 3d year, and 2d cross, produce the
2 we lams whi
Oth year, and 3d cross, 1 _ will- roduce the
I, ewe lambbs, which will
7th year, and 4th ‘lOB 3 ewe lambs, wide' ~ produce the
9th year, and nth cross, 1 ewe lands. will produce the
,
Ilth veer, and, 6theross,
Then, from the fast importation,i pure
P Mood could not be
useless before the Pith cross ;
obtained, the isms being and, at
the nire
the expiration of II
the r shiould bete would be only "e
ewe and one tam, if even t
)ro healthy, or be sue.
seeded by a fresh arrival. ill I
no blood • aivlmit no doubt Would
be made, but no pure Meri , at the Bth or kith
is en to the fa
cross, any accident should p
as two or three,ll4l"' and probably
it might to so small a
number
lost ; but if,the grand ob-
ject, pure Merino b{oo"t • 1 With ft.few rams

score or two of ewes are imported, the Merino blood is safe ;
say only 20 ewes ;—these will produce
10 rams for sale, and 10 ewe lambs) suppose
6 years 6 years they
(only breed six
60 rams, 60 ewes, ) years. '
You have then, in only six years, 60 pure ewes and 60 pure
rams ; and the first ten ewe lambs having bred, say four, times,
will give 20 rams and 20 ewes; and the second 10 ewe lambs,
having bred three times, will give 15 rams and 15 ewes; 'and
the third 10 ewe lambs, having bred twice, will give 10 rains
and 10 ewes ; and-the - fourth, having bred once, will give 5
rams and t ewes. Thus, without carrying the calculation fur-
ther, you have, in the short apace of six years, 110 pure Merino
rams, and 110 pore Merino ewes. hut, as more of the young
ewes, as the offspring of the first ewe lambs, have now begun
to breed, the produce is greater. Thus, in the space of only
six years, by Importing a score of ewes, we have at once a flock
of pure Merinos, with rams, nearly sufficient to supply the Co.:
lony. On the contrary, by importingonly rams, many years
elapse
must ' before we can obtain pure Alenno blootk; and that
in so small a quantity, that the smallest casualty may ran all
`our hopes..
it is with peculiar pleasure that we advert to the introduction
of,the bee by Captain -Wallis • and, as we have had-no oppor-
tunity of voting bins our thanks, it will stet be improper here
to make honourable mention of him, as a benefactor to the Co-
lony. Nor can we quit this subject without saying, that this
Society ought to take every opportunity of introducing such
subjects as can employ the cottager and his faMily, and repay
them for their industry and care.
Though separated irons the rest of the civilized world. and
from the nation to which we belong, by an immense ocean of
many thousand miles, Yet our nation must see, with great satis-
faction, the exertions which their friends, their coon try} men, anti
fellow-subjects are making in this most distant of the 'British
Colonies ; whilst the Government, conscious of the advantage
of possessing prosperous settlements, will, when informed of
our wants, liberally assist us. We ought, therefore, on
every occasion, and by every means, to whew our loyalty,
even when suffering under any regulations, by which our pro-
sperity may be retarded, and whilst suing for the removal.
After connecting ourselves, by; every mark of loyalty, with
our Government,. the next 'connection We should form should
be With the Board of Agriculture, and the principal Agricul-
tuna Societies, not only -in our Mother Country, but also those
of foreign countries. To the Patrons' f'A gricultur e, amongst
the Nobility and great Land-holders at home, we should Make
known our Institution ; for, we have no doubt that, for so good
a purpose, these Patrons of Agriculture will take a pleasure in
sending from their own private stock what may be requisite to
improve our own. To the British Consuls in climates similar
to our own, we ought also to, 'present our address; for, if not
universally, here and there a friend will be found, who will
send us what may be congenial to our clithate. •
No body of men can more effectually assist us than the Mer-
chants and their Captains, by bringing us from foreign countries
what is adapted to our climate. Vessels, touching in the winter
Months at die Madeira, or the Cape, and other countries noted
for their wine, their figs, or their olives, might bring what, in a
few years hence, may constitute the grand sources of the wealth
of this Colony. The foundation of a fine' vineyard, for instance,
may behrought in cuttings of the vine from the Madeiras, the
Canaries, or it te.Cape in a rejected empty water cask.
To give the Menno fleece to three hundred thousand sheep,
to improve four thousand horses, and breed them for exporta-
tion, and to give the Hereford or Devon carcase, or the Sulh4k
udder, to a hundred thousand head, of horned cattle, are no
Mean objects of pursuit, but are highly honourable to a Colony
of only thirty-five years standing.
That the same unanimity which has prevailed in our Society,
may always continue is our wannest wish ; and we trust that,
by the benevolence of our views, and the utility-of our labours,
we shall be respected and cherished by our brother farmers
wherever we are known, andbe thought worthy of the patronage
of the Government here, and at home.

11,* We have been favoured with the fdregoing Report
respecting a Colony which is likely to become one of the most
important and interesting portions of the British empire. The
Report must be highly gratifying to the people of this country,
partieulsrly as it is marked by good sense, and candour, art well
as by valuable information. It is With.feasure we acid that to
I•ta. —vt: --e'r ITS there is a long list of most respectable Sub.
scribers, by the Governor, Sir Ttios. Ilarsaaivt,
Ke4-13., q.L. & E., and Corresponding Member of the
French Institute, -„
PA." ° FUNIX HA' .nll Esq.
1
Ell., AS V.ll T 0.1,4 ,tk,f •
Judge of the Supreme Court, as lentsints.-T.