The Sun.
London, England, 1847-09-25 00:00:00

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ONDON, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 1847.

The inquest on the bodies of the unfortunate suf-
fereis who lost their lives in the shocking accident
that happened on board the Cricket steamer, on the
27th of August last, has at length been brought to a
conclusion. The jury, after a patient and careful
investigation, continued during a period of four
weeks, have returned their verdict, finding that the
several parties came to their deaths by the bursting
of the boiler of the Cricket, and that HENRY HATS-
MAN, the engineer on that day, is guilty of man-
slaughter ; and they further state that " they con_
alder CLA2IKE (the man by whom the practice of
introduced)
highly down the safety-valves was first
highly culpable, and unfit to hold the situation of
iengineer ; and that Mr. SMITH'S conduct was shame-
fatly negligent in not properly investigating the
ccroplaint against CLARNE." Nothing that could
by a possibility have thrown a light upon
the sul)ject-matter of the inquiry was omitted—
every fact of the slightest importance was adduced.
A gentleman of high scientific attainments, holding
the important situation of chief engineer and inspector
f machinery of the Royal Navy, was deputed by the
'Government to inspect and make every necessary
-experiment and calculation, in order to test the ma-
terial of which the exploded boiler was constructed,
and to explain the principle on which it acted, the
;amount of pressure per square inch that must, in all
;man probability, have arisen before the explosion
.mould have taken place, and every point on which in-
formation was desirable. The proprietors were re-
-presented by an eminent Queen's Counsel, who at-
tended every sitting of the Court. The person by
whom the boat and the machinery was supplied had
also a barrister of considerable ability to watch over
-his interests. Every person in any way connected
-with the company were permitted to come forward
Anil to make their statements exculpatory of them-
selves. CLARKE and HAISMAN were, at their own

xeqn.est, sworn, and allowed to record their evidence,
eithough as parties implicated in the transaction, and
w:Ao might possibly have been made criminally re-
spousible for their share in the unfortunate occur-
:ranee, 'hey were not required to do so. In fact no
poins were spared by the Coroner (in justice to whom,
and Oat he may receive the full credit to which his
judicioLls, patient, and disinterested conduct, during
the whole investigation, so eminently entitle him, it
should be stated, that he will not receive any higher
remuneration for the time and labour devoted to the
ease, than for the shortest and most trifling inquiry
tl hat v.iould be terminated within a few minutes), and
theintelligent jury with whom he was associated,
it.
to 'ander the proceedings as perfect as possible, so that
the may know what precautions should be
to prevent the possibility of the recurrence
adopt
of a sisitailo. accident.
It Is strani3.6 that, in this country, such precautions

are seldom tlben until snore fearful eatatrophe has 1
h,ppentd, by uhich Ole public are awalc,lied to a
due sense of the cark.lessness and apathy with which
they have regarded matters which he slightest con-
sideration must have shown wou..d inevitably lead 1
to some such calamity. Day by day we
have 'witnessed the seeds of disease and
death disseminated from decaying and putrid sub-
stances, from stagnant cesspools, from overcrowded
churchyards, deficient sewerage, inadequate ventila-
tion, and the various other causes by which our bills
of mortality are increased, and yet there are to be
found persons who object to any legislation on the
subject, or to the adoption of those unitary measures
by which the health and the lives of their fellow-
citizens may be preserved. The state of the river
steam-boats has long attracted attention, the necessity
of an adequate authority being established for the
conservancy of the River—the great highway along
which so much of our commerce is borne, on which
traffic to so vast an extent is carried on, and so
many thousands are daily passing, has been uni-
versally admitted ; but still little, if anything
has been done. True it is, there are laws
against the over-crowding of vessels, hut they are
practically inoperative. No person is appointed to see
that the regulations are strictly observed, that the
boats and engines are properly constructed, and fit to
be entrusted with the lives of our fellow-creatures.
Like the railways, the mines, and the collieries, they
are left entirely in the hands of those who choose to
embark in a pecuniary speculation, and human
life and limb may be jeopardized to gra-
tify the cupidity of those who only seek
their own individual gain, and who are totally regard-
less of every consideration that interferes therewith,
or by which their actual outlay may be increased.
Any punishment inflicted after the occurrence of an
accident, whether criminally to the under agents and
subordinates employed, or in the shape of heavy da-
mages to the proprietors, will be quite insufficient to
provide a remedy for the evil. The man who will
deliberately hazard his own safety, for example, by
tying down the valves, as in the present case, by
going into a suspected part of a mine without using
the safety-lamp, by over-crowding the boat en-
trusted to his charge, or by any other species of rash
and reckless conduct, will be little influenced by any
additional penalty he may be condemned to. The
proprietor will balance the increased risk of possible
loss by the certainty of present profit, and,
until too late, they will disregard what may
be obvious to even a casual observer. Habit
will reconcile them to the danger that is constantly
occurring ; they will slumber contentedly on the
volcano. But should they be permitted to involve
others in similar peril ? Most certainly not. Our
present Government has shown that it is desirous to
introduce measures for the preservation of the public
health. Let it also regard the public safety ; and
wherever a private speculation must necessarily in-
volve the safety of any portion of the public, let such
a surveillance be enforced as will necessarily lead to
the adoption of every reasonable precaution and
safeguard.

sent to the Greek Cabinet. It is said that an order
has arrived to AIEHEMET ALI 0) hold a certain num-

ber of vessels, as ;Nell as troop,, ready to act against
Greece on the first intimation from the Porte. I
cannot say to what point we ought to place faith in
all these versions and rumours ; we are inclined to
believe that the requirements of the Porte are much
exaggerated ; and the mystery which is here thrown
round the arrival of the Turkish vessel and her mis-
sion, contributes to give birth to conjectures which
ought not to be admitted but with great circum-
spection."

The following is the decree appointing a regency,
promulgated by the Duke of Lucca after his hasty
flight :
" We, Charles Louis de Bourbon, Infante of
Spain, &c. The state of our health requiring some
absolute repose, and being desirous that the expedit-
ing of the affairs of the State may not be delayed by
our temporary absence, and feeling persuaded that
our Council of State, composed of the most honour-
able persons most highly esteemed by the people, will
not cease to occupy itself with ardour with the public
interests, we have ordained and do ordain as fol-
lows :—Art. 1. Our Council of State shall have the
faculty of expediting the ordinary affairs of the State,
as that has been already done during our absence ;
but on the occasion it will have besides the direction
of all affairs as a Regency of the Government, for
which we give it the power, under the presidency of
the Marquis Mazzarosa.—Art. 2. According to the
terms of our motu proprio of the Ist September, the
Council will endeavour to adopt the reforms which it
may believe to be useful, rather following, however,
than preceding Tuscany. Nevertheless, we do not
mean to sanction measures which may injure our
rights as Sovereign.—Art. 3. Our President of the
Council of State and our Ministers, each in what con-
cerns him, are charged with the execution of the pre-
sent ordinance.

" Given at Massa Ducale, the 12th September.
(Signed) " CHARLES LUDOVIC."
The decree was published with the following noti.
fication

" In the name of his Royal Highness Charles
Louis de Bourbon, Infante of Spain, &c. &c., Duke
of Lucca :

" The President of the Royal Council of State
makes known that his Royal and Imperial Highness
our well-beloved Sovereign, having believed it right
to suspend for some time, on account of ill-health,
the direction of the affairs of the State, has deigned
by his venerated ordinance, dated from assa Ducale,
the 12th of this month, to confer on the Royal Council
of State the necessary powers, not only for the
direction and expedition of all ordinary affairs, but
also for the realisation of the benevolent reforms
announced and promised in the royal motu proprzo
of the Ist of this month, which was received with so
much joy.
" The public will see in this sovereign act a new
confirmation of the excellent and paternal intentions
of his Royal Highness for the welfare of his beloved
subjects. (Signed) "A. MAZZAROSA.
" Lucca, the 15th September."
It was rumoured that after issuing this decree the
Duke had been seen at Parma. The people were
greatly irritated at what he had done. The chiefs of
the movement represented that his departure was an
abdication, and talked of sending a deputation to
Florence to beg the Grand Duke to cause the throne
of the duchy to be immediately filled up.
As on the death of the present Duke of Lucca, that
duchy will be incorporated with Tuscany, it is not
improbable that in consequence of the flight of the
Duke "leaving the throne vacant," the Grand Duke
of TUSCANY may comply with the request of the de-
putation.
The Gazzctta di Firenze of the 16th contains an
official letter of the Secretary of Finance to the
Gonfaloniere of the Magistracy of Florence, in which
we remark the following passages, in allusion to the
great national festivity that took place on the 12th :
"It is the will of his Imperial and Royal Highness
that his sentiments of paternal consolation, and sincere
acknowledgment of the popular manifestation of at-
tachment to his person, be this day formally renewed
to you, and it is also his special desire that you com-
municate the same to the other members of the ma-
gistracy of Florence, and to the members of the
committee, who, together with the magistracy, took
a part in directing so successfully a national festi-
val, so remarkable for exemplary order and tranquil-
lity, observed throughout during the movement of so
great a mass of population, unanimously bent upon
expressing its fervent desire of uniting more strenu-
ously than ever with their prince and father, by whose
assistance, seconded by the efforts of all, they justly
hope to see everything promoted, that is conducive to
the honour and advantage of the nation, that has given
new proofs of the noble loyalty and generous intelli-
gence which distinguishes it. His Highness has at
the same time directed that the various municipal
banners which the Municipality of Florence offered
in homage to his Highness on that evening, be con-
spicuously placed in the Church of Santa Croce, of
this capital, in grateful memory of the event."

By the re-establishment of the Salique law in Spain
all the difficulties of succession would be removed,
and the KING 'of the FRENCH effectually check-
mated. So rational and decisive is this means of ex-
tricating the Peninsula from its present dynastic
dilemmas, that it should obtain the cordial and unani-
mous assistance of all lovers of Spanish nationality.
Those who object to the measure, as an innovation
upon the very statute by virtue of which the present
SOVEREIGN has been elevated to the throne, lose the
recollection that the law, as it originally existed, ex-
cluded females from the regal authority, and was only
abrogated by a hurried decision of the Congress, to
satisfy the selfish ambition of a King who had all the
capacity for becoming a parricide, and all the foolish-
ness to distinguish himself as a fanatic. A precedent
therefore exists, and a precedent of a very modern and
startling character. The proposed change, instead of
jeopardizing the power of the Monarch who is at this
moment installed in the palace of Madrid, would only
stabilitate her influence, would disarm the Monte-
molinists, would baffle all the perfidious machinations
of the Afrancesados, and would immediately tend
to the conciliation, if not to the actual identification,
of the Moderados and the Progressistas. By returning
to the old Salique highway of succession, the perils
which beset the Spanish Government along a path-
way never traversed before the demise of the royal
embroiderer of petticoats would be at once and for
ever avoided. The development of the national re-
sources, the facilitation of political progress, and the
general restoration of tranquillity to a country which
has been unceasingly embroiled during the last half
century, would be the immediate consequence of this
most astute of all diplomatic evasions. The sharpness
would be taken from the sword of her assailants, and
the opportunity would be withdrawn from her in-
triguing enemies by the adoption of such a policy by
the Legislature of Spain. An Ararat would be at
last felt under the keel—a resting-place after the pro-
tracted horrors of that moral deluge which has so long
flooded the fair provinces of Castile and Navarre, and
driven the Ark of the Nation to and fro over the
abysses of anarchy, and through the tempests of
foreign invasion.
That some such ingenious proceeding is essential
becomes each day more and more manifest. The
vicissitudes of Administrations in Madrid testify the
necessity for the adoption of a policy more daring
than that hitherto adventured upon by the predeces-
sors of SALAMANCA. Beyond the frontiers, as well
as in the capital, the exigency of the case is visible.
It is to be recognised in the council-chambers of the
Tuileries, in the drawing-rooms of Alalmaison, in a
public hotel and a private dwelling-house in London.
The fact that the misfortunes accruing to the Spanish
dynasty have originated in the immoralities of
MUNOZ and GODOYiS not more undeniable than that
the miseries of civil contention throughout the pro-
vinces of Spain have arisen from the rash repudiation
of authority by CHARLES IV., and the selfish innova-
tion contrived beside the death-bed of FERDINAND
VII. Had the PRINCE of PEACE never emerged
from his original obscurity, the concessions had never
been elicited from his SOVEREIGN in the memorable
interview at Bayonne. Had the Duke DE RIAN•
ZARES fingered tobacco instead of crown jewels, the
cupidity of CHRISTINA might have abated, and many
domestic agonies might have been spared her august
and unfortunate daughter. It was when the unnatural
quarrel arose in the Escurial between CHARLES IV. and
the Prince of the ASTURIAS that the real disasters of
the kingdom commenced ; it was when the voice of
the Legislative Chamber rescinded the law of many
centuries, at the mandate of a dying madman, that
the difficulties of the wretched Spaniards were multi-
plied, and the land of the CID was wantonly given
over to butcheries and spoliation.
The re-establishment of the Saliqu e law, therefore,
appears to us the most facile and reasonable method
of removing the obstacles to the tranquillisation of the
kingdom, and the permanent conciliation of the
various opposing factions. Were the Congress to
regard the matter in this light, and to act accord-
ingly, the views of Louis PHILIPPE in reference to
the Duchess DE MONTPENSIER would be imme-
diately thwarted, and the establishment of an Or-
leans dynasty on the throne of the Spanish
Bourbons would appear more than ever impracticable.
Then,:indeed, might the patriotic Duc DE LA VIC-
TORIA be in a favourable position to serve his coun-
try, by aiding the cause of Donna ISABELLA, and by
throwing into the Administration of SALAMANCA
the popularity which will most effectually render the
audacious designs of NARVAEZ innocuous. That
Administration has already prepared the way for the
revival of the Salique law by those acts of clemency
which have endeared the SOVEREIGN to her subjects,
and restored many unfortunate exiles and prisoners
to liberty, dignity, and riches. With the ulterior
hope of seeing the offspring of the Infanta LUISA
excluded from the succession by such an enactment
as the one to which we have alluded, we regard with
a double satisfaction the preliminary measure of the
political amnesty. If SALAMANCA only permit his
judgment and the judgment of his colleaguesestedilobye
guided by the spirit of patriotism, we may p
anticipate the discomfiture of the treasonous Afran-
cesados, and may yet behold in ESPARTERO the
AVATAR of Spanish independence.

The intelligence from Palermo is up to the 12th.
Tranquillity had not been again disturbed, and the
insurrection appeared to be everywhere repressed.
On the sth the population of Palermo was thrown
into alarm, by the explosion of a certain quantity of
powder in the fortress. According to the opinion of
the authorities, this explosion was connected with
some project of conspiracy. After it took place pre-
cautions were redoubled, and several domiciliary visits
were made. The papers of the Prince GRANATELLI,
a very honourable man, were seized. In consequence
of the measures taken discontent existed among the
the people. Many arrests had been made at Messina,
and Major-General LANDI had received the alter ego,
that is to say, unlimited powers. On the Bth he
published the following proclamation :
" 1. Military commissions shall be established in
the form and according to the instructions which may
be given. 2. As the duty of every good citizen, of
every good Messinese, is to unveil every machination,
or to denounce those who endeavour to promote such
execrable things, I will receive and listen to all those
who, apart from all private hate, and only on behalf
of :the public welfare, will come and state to me all
that may disturb order. Their names shall be buried
in the secrets of the police, and a prompt recompense
shall be accorded to them, according to the im-
portance of the information they may have given.
3. I require that the tribunals shall proceed with the
greatest promptitude possible with the prosecutions,
which, being of a criminal nature, depend on them, in
order that the justice which must punish the guilty
may not be delayed, and that good citizens may be
re-assured."

It was rumoured at Palermo that the town of
Reggio had remained in the power of the insurgents
to the 4th. On that day two steamers arrived from
Naples with troops, under the command of the Count
D'AQUILI. Masters of the fort, the insurgents fired
on the troops, and attempted to oppose their disem-
barkation. The vessels fired some shots, and went to
disembark the soldiers at a little distance from the
town. Abandoned to their own resources, and not
receiving the assistance from Messina which had been
promised, the insurgents dispersed after a short
struggle. Numerous arrests are said to have been
made.

Letters from Naples, of the 14th, deny the cor-
rectness of all the rumours which have been spread of
disturbances having taken place in that city.
Another letter from Naples, of the 15th, gives the
following account of the progress of the insurrection
in Calabria :

provisional makes
progress in Calabria. A
" The insurrection
Government
the tax
been established. Its
first act was to abolish th
to its views. On the
13th several battalions all the functionaries o
is
for Calabria,
tax on salt, and to change
that nnenvinerptehlleledess theya increaseeh in Puglia, and the Abruzzi.
empowered
tois saidb that the insur-
gents the fort of
Thehave
butK ibeenng
has
meersasil Landi to
organize military commissions at
. num-
ber.lu I a zzn'
nhia; for the
trial of the insurgents who fell into Rower.
Twenty-five have already been shot. At Reggio the
nephew of Romeo would not follow the insurgents in
their retreat. He was shot two hours
afterwards by
the royal troops."

The Journal de Constantinople of the 7th announces
the defeat of the Albanian rebels by the troops of the
SULTAN. The cholera was rapidly approaching
Trebizond. A letter from the city, dated Sept. 4,
says—

" All intercourse is interrupted with Persia, and
yet our city can prosper only as the intermediate
point between the two empires. The Commissary of
the Porte in Kurdistan has just arrived, though with
difficulty; Raghb-Agha has organized, well or ill,
the administration of Djezireb, Musch, Bayezid, and
Diarbekir; but the insurgent kurds often placed him
in danger in his peregrinations ; they occupy all the
defiles and passages, and levy contributions on every-
thing that passes, caravans amongst the rest. in
Persia, if report is to believed, a revolution is immi-
nent. Already the palace of the Schah at Teheran
was regularly besieged. As a fire of musquetry had
commenced, and as the life of the Sovereign was in
peril, it was necessary to come to some arrangement
with the rebels, who demanded their arrears of pay,

A letter from Alexandria of the 9th says—
`e We are here occupied with the arrival of a Tur-
kish vessel which came in last evening. She brought
to his Highness the ultimatum which the Porte has

for the revolution is a military ore. It required all 1 and impute to him the sterile results of the last ses- 1 MOT E P.'1,1 CO MMER CT A L Wc.
iladji-Mirz4, the l'fitne '2,141116L0', • :.Z
the difficulty; ho promised the
e..lyment .1 what they asked for, tuta for the
moment he permitted the insurgents to pillage the
shops. At the end of the month he will have no more
money than at present, but before that period has
elapsed, some expedient or other will turn up, as, for
instance, to declare war on Turkey ; already he has
broken the treaty elaborated with such solemn slow-
ness during six years in our walls, between Nourri„-
Effendi and Abdallah."

Madrid journals of the 18th have arrived.

The Gacetti contains a proclamation addressed by
the Captain-General of Navarre to the troops under
his command, inviting them to be on their guard
against the emissaries who might seek to sow dis-
union in their ranks, and preach revolt arid insubordi-
nation. From the tenor of that document it was
evident that the Captain-General did not mean to
designate either the Carlists or Progressistas, but that
it was solely directed against the ultra-Moderados,
one of whom, Brigadier NovinAs, had been ordered
to quit Pampeluna and proceed to Saragossa.
This may be looked upon as an official sanction
to the rumours in circulation as to the attempt of
NARVAEZ and the other agents of the French Court
to seduce the military from their allegiance.
The Gaceta also publishes a decree suppressing the
general direction of the navy and replacing it by a
junta, the members of which will directly represent
the Minister of Marine in the transaction of public
business.

The Infanta LuzsA TERESA (sister of the KING)
and her husband the Duke of SEA have arrived in
Madrid, and been graciously received by the QUEEN.
According to the Heraldo, orders have been sent to
the frontiers to prevent ESPARTHRO from entering
Spain. On such a matter, however, the authority of
the Heraldo is worse than apocryphal.
The Eco del Cameral° publishes an extract from a
letter said to have been written by General CORDOVA,
the Minister of War, in which he declares that the
decree appointing ESPARTERO a Senator, was a deter-
mination of the QUEEN which the Ministers could
not resist.

A Carlist band of 104 men has appeared in the
neighbourhood of San Roque.
MADRID BOLSA, SEPT. 18.—The Three per Cents.
were done at 26g, for cash ; the Four per Cents. at
161; the Five per Cents. at 17*; the Debt without
Interest at Si ; and the Coupons at 14.

We have received the Paris papers of Thursday.
They all, with the exception of the Debats, com-
ment on the appointment of M. GUIZOT as President
of the Council.

The Conservateur, of course, is fulsome in its eulo-
gies of the new President. The Presse considers the
change as of little importance, and the Constitutionnel
gives the following sarcastic critique of the policy of
the new Prime Minister :

man of talent, of the qualities of .a
Filar, party •:,. to adopt quite
a new course, and this catinui, Ise ,tone without sacri-
ficing the President of the Council."
The Xbats has a long article on the English
commercial crisis, and is of opinion that the worst is
past. It says—
"The evil is serious, but the resources of England
are almost infinite. The English capitalists are the
holders of a great part of the mercantile riches of
the world. In such moments as the present they
realisd this property in every market at once, and it
is that which explains the lowness of the funds
throughout Eur..,pe. Realisations are effected by
making sacrifices, bat there is drawn from it what is
wanted for the present emergency. They reckon on
the industry of the country to recover what they may
lose. Certainly, if great political complications should
be aided to the commercial crisis, that crisis might
acquire an irresistible force, and sweep away fortunes
with the impetuosity of a hurricane, but unless this
should happen, which appears to us every day more
and more improbable, English commerce will soon see
better days, and that is an event which must be de-
sired for the interest of all Europe."
The price of wheat still continues to decline, not-
withstanding the ravages of the potato disease, which,
in the neighbourhood of Caen, has destroyed one-
tenth of the crop.
The sum of 324,047 f. has been collected in France
to assist the starving Irish.
Mr. SALAMONS has, it is said, succeeded in making
arrangements for facilitating the payment of the
English shareholders in the Bordeaux and Cette Rail-
way Company.
At a grand Reform banquet, held at St. Quentin
on the 19th, M. ODILON BARR(); in censuring the
Government for its disgraceful subserviency to
Austria and Naples in the affairs of Italy, declared
that if Austria interfered, Frenchmen would rise
and oblige the Government to support by force the
cause of Liberalism in Italy. The applause with
which this sentiment was received was enthusiastic.

statt4ntan

" M. Guizot has become President of the Council.
This nomination was not unexpected, and indeed we
may say ought to have been made long ago. From
the time Marshal Soult gave up the War Department
he paid but little attention to the business of the
State, and was only nominally President of the
Council. If he came to Paris during the session it
was all he did. A constitutional fiction carried a
little too far, and which lasted too long, was sub-
mitted to in thus considering as President of the
Council a Minister without a portfolio passing three-
fourths of the year at more than 1.50 leagues from
the centre of affairs. Several important measures were
resolved upon by the Cabinet in the absence of the
Marshal, and when it was utterly impossible for him
to have any acquaintance with the facts, while he in
a constitutional point of view bore the principal re-
sponsibility. When once the Ministry resolved to do
away with this false and extra-parliamentary state of
things, and decided upon having a real president, the
choice could not be for a moment doubtful. It re-
verted legitimately to M. Guizot. This was not be-
cause he was the directing member of the Cabinet;
no one could pretend to this in a Ministry without
direction, without a policy, without independent
views ; but from his services, from his experience,
and, above all, from his talents, M. Guizot was the
first among his colleagues. He had as much docility
and greater pliability than any one of them. As a writer
and as a speaker, the disproportion between him and
them was immense. M. Duchatel has a more practi-
cal mind, a greater understanding of business, a
greater fecundity of resources. M. Gaiaot alone knows
how to invest in magnificent language the common
miseries, and to furnish to the majorities pretexts for
deluding themselves. In fine, upon him falls the bur-
den of grave discussions, however they may originate.
It is therefore but just that, while bearing the whole
charges of the presidency, he should enjoy its honours.
In a constitutional light, then, we cannot but applaud a
nomination which places appearance in accordance with
reality, and brings the Cabinet back within parliamen-
tary rules. As Oppositionists, we can congratulate
ourselves upon this. The accession of M. Guizot to
the presidency under present circumstances is the
most faithful and complete indication of the systeme
which governs us, and which is personified in M.
Guizot. The Liberal party has at last placed before it,
face
, any equivocations,
any incertitudes. It is henceforth evident to all, that
to
no falocen,g ether any system
aembiin guailtlies its purity, and there
are
the question is now put to the partizans of reaction,
as it was formerly to a famous order—sing ut sung, out
distinctness,
nsiCittnles sO, w
But things will remain in their present state. The
uhriscihtutahte situation thuseral acquires an openness, a
party can only applaud.
title of President will not give to M. Guizot the taste
and habits of exertion, and a conception of business.
No one has been so unjust as to impute to Marshal
Soult the dilapidations in the War Department, the
ruin of our navy, or the disorder in our finances. It
is not by the fault of the direction that all has been
brought to the present deplorable condition. It
is not only from the want of capacity in the Minister
of Public Works, the want of superintendence on the
part of the President of the Council, that the railroads
have been divided out, and multiplied in such a
manner as to become injurious to public credit—it is
because the systeme, in order to sustain itself; had
need of them to convert them into a mint for elec-
toral purposes. In this, the presidency of M. Guizot
has not made any change. It will not give to the
Minister of Finances greater firmness in resisting the
demands of his colleagues—demands which were the
consequences of a common policy. It will not render
the present Ministry more active or more vigilant, it
will not prevent it from enjoyfug quietly the sweets
of the villegiature, though the Exchanges of London
and Paris may be in the most alarming crisis, when
the Treasury may have exhausted its resources, and
can find no one to grant it a loan. Admiral de Mackau
was worth as much as much as his successor. It was not
frcm want ot capacity in him if our navy has been becom-
ing constantly impoverished—it has been because it
has not been desired that France should be powerful
and prosperous on the seas. We do not believe that
the presidency of M. Guizot will be the commence-
ment of a new era for our navy, or that he can con-
vert M. de Montebello into a Colbert, or M. de
Trezel into a Demosthenes, or a Richelieu ; and be-
cause there will be the experience of Marshal Bu-
geaud at least in Africa, with the superin-
tendence of M. Guizot at Paris, we do not
believe that the affairs of our colony will
be conducted with greater intelligence and acti-
vity, or that the assimilation of Algeria to the
mother country will be expedited by one hour. We
shall be very much surprised if we see M. Guizot, as
President of the Council, bring forth from his port-
folios, or out of his brain, plans of administration,
finance, and colonization, which no one has hitherto
ever suspected him of conceiving. We shall have no
such example of a prompt and complete metamor-
phosis. All then will go on as in times past, with
the same rectitude, the same attention to the inte-
rests of the country, the same elevation of thought,
the same attachment to liberal ideas. On no point
will the policy of the Government be changed ; the
respective positions of parties will remain as they are.
The Ministry will be neither weaker nor stronger ;
only the state of things will be more regular and
more evident to all the world. Errors and miscon-
duct can be no longer attributed to the absence of a
real chief and the outbreaks of personal independence.
A decisive and incontestible experience is about to
dissipate the late illusions. Ms Guizot is no longer
merely the most considerable member of the Cabinet
—to superiority of influence and talent he now adds
that of rank. He has become the chief, and may
make his will prevail. We shall now see whether he
has any policy, or whether his policy consists in
having none at all:'

The Three per Cents. closed on the Bourse on
Thursday at 75f. 75c. ; the Five per Cents., 114 f.
95c. ; the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,1721. 50c. ;
Rouen, 9231.; Havre, 5451. ; Great Northern,
5251. ; Avig non, 5421. 50c. ; Vierzon, 5461. 25c. ;
Bordeaux, 4401. ; Boulogne, 3421. 50c.; Troyes and
Montereau, 2301. ; Dieppe, 2501.; Basle, 1621. 50c. ;
Paris and Strasbourg, 3861. 25c. ; Tours and Nantes,
357 f. 50c.; Paris and Lyons, 3851. ; Lyons and Avig-
non, 452 f. 60c. ;
LYONS, SEPT. 21. - Paris and Rouen, 8931.
75c. ; Avignon and Marseilles, 5061. 25c. ; Vierzon,
522 f. 50c.; Northern, 505 f.; Paris and Lyons, 365 f. ;
Orleans, 1,127 f. 50c.

i,*TE.II 7'v" 7'f

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, SEPTEMBER 24.
_ .

Boulogne and Amiens, 135/B—Central of France (Orleans
and Vigrzon), 15:%—Luxembourg, %—Namur and Liege,
3%--Northern of France, 103/4—Orleans and Bordeaux,
4 ex int.—Rouen and Havre,`:2ll4.

CRIMINAL COURT.-(THIS DAY.)
uLD COURT.

The decline in Cotton at Liverpool this week has
!)(,en pi,r lb. on ALleth-•an, though yesterday prices
were again looking limner. Sales yesterday, 4,000 bales.
Railway Shares were rather firm.
The following are the principal points in the Bank of
England return for the week ending the 18th instant,
compared with the statement to the 11th :

Notoi issued now £22,205,405
Decrease . . 101,735
Rest, now
Increase
Public deposits now 5,749,178
Increase
Other deposits now
loereas, 204,080
SCYPTI 6.y and other bills now 816,722
Itreraase
Government Securities, no alteration.
Other securities now
Increase
Notes reserved now
Decrease. . 193,635
Total Bullion now 8,880,490
Decrease 34,582
Active circulation now
Increase

(Before I,lr. Baron PLATT and Mr. Justice WILLIAMS.)

The return is chic fly interesting, as showing the
greatly increased amount of securities taken in by the
Bunk, which, by an addition to its active circulation, and
by the partial employment of the augmented deposits,
was in a position to assist. It is, wa be neve, long since
the other securities stood at so high an amount:As to the
reduction of bullion, we are still of opinion that it does
not arise from exports to foreign parts so much as from
the disposition of a few mistrustful individuals to possess
either gold or Bank of England notes in times of pres-
sure, in preference to any other security.
Every one in the City is asking particulars concerning
the rumour that Messrs. Rogers and Co. have recovered
the large amount of notes stolen from them nearly three
years since, and so extensively advertised from time to
time. We are gratified in being enabled to annoutue
that the rumour is correct. Messrs. Rogers have re-
ceived back the whole of the notes, which are now de-
posited for examination at the Bank of England. The
sovereigns (1,2001.), stolen at the same time, have been
" melted" by the thieves long since, and according to the
statements made Messrs. Rogers lose about 2,500/.

MUItDER BY A LUNATIC.—Thomas _Mad& Ish Da-
vidson, a gentlemanly-looking man, but a confirmed
lunatic, was placed at the bar charged with the mur-
der of Louk Mountford.

The Funds have been rather firm again this morning,
but are not looking quite so good just now. There
seems to be en impression that in order to participate in
the new French loan, certain wealthy parties must bring
a good deal of stock to market ; but it may be that due
preparation has already been made, the high rate of
interest offering profitable temporary employment to
money withdrawn from the Funds for a special purpose.
Consols have been 86 to 861- for Transfer, and 861 to
86k for Account. East India Stock has been marked
236. Exchequer-bills have been Ba. to ss. premium.
The Foreign Bonds have been tilt. Spanish Five per
Cents. have been marked 191; Brazilian Five per Cents.,
821 ; Belgian Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 901 to 90i- ;
and Dutch Four per Cents., 861.
Railway Shares are steady, in the absence of any
dealirgs of iteportance. The• French lines participate
in the improved tone.

Upon Mr. Straight, the Clerk of the Arraigns,
tokii,g the prisoner whether he was guilty or not, he
made no answer.

MNE cl.'2till`sG
:It1(,1-:, ,1,1, i:iirislii FUNDS. •)'t-'LOCK, VRIC.,:S.
3 per Cent. Consols Annuities B6l/4 86 86
India. Stock 236 236
1.-.dia Bondi, I,ooo'
I Ditto under 1,000/. .. ...... .. 2 p 2 p
Consols for Account B6 >8 14 % 86%
Exchequer Bills. 2d.
1,00 f.;/.
5!10/ ..... ... .. 7 11 6p 6p
Small

Mr. Bonk IN, on behalf of the prosecution, stated
that the unfortunate gentleman at the bar was in that
state of mind that rendered it totally impossible for
him to plead ; and he had therefore, under the statute
of 314 of Geo. 111., to ask the Court to have the jury
sworn to try the state of the prisoner's mind.
The jury having been sworn for that purpose,
Mr. BODKIN called several witnesses for the pur-
pose of proving the insanity of the prisoner, among
whom were Mr. Cutfield, a surgeon, of Tottenham;
Mr. M'Murdo, the surgeon of .Newgate ; and Mr.
Holding, the deputy surgeon, all of whom gave it as
their opinion that he was insane, and incapable of
understanding anything that was then going on.
Mr. Cutfield stated that be had attended the prisoner
for some time, and the unfortunate victim was the
person to whom he was most attached.
Mr. Baron PLATT having shortly addressed the
jury, they found the prisoner of "Unsound mind."
Mr. Baron PLATT—Let the verdict be recorded,
and judgment postponed, and let the p.iisoner remain
in the custody he now is until her Majesty's pleasure
shall be known.
The prisoner was then removed.

THE MURDER IN MAR YLEBONE.—Mary Ann Hunt,
the female who was convicted last session of the mur-
der of an old woman named Mary Stowell, was placed
at the bar this morning.
The Clerk of the Arraigns then asked her if she
had anything to say why execution should not take
place upon her for the crime of which she had been
convicted.

The prisoner, in answer, said that she believed she
was with child.

Mr. Baron PLATT—A jury of matrons must be
empanelled, to see whether or not she is pregnant with
a quick child.
At half-past one o'clock a jury of matrons was em-
pannelled and sworn, and
Mr. Baron PLATT having told them what their
duties were they retired, and after an absence of
three-quarters of an hour they returned into court.
The Clerk of the Arraigns then asked, whether
they found that the prisoner Mary Ann Hunt was
pregnant with a quick child or not, to which
The forewoman replied that they had all agreed in
their verdict that the prisoner was not pregnant with
a quick child.
Mr. Baron PLATT—Let her be removed from the
bar, and the law must take its course.
We unierstand that such a proceeding has not
taken place in this court for the last half century.

THAMES.—(THIS DAY,)
James Payne was charged with assaulting Mr.
William Parker, coal•merchant, 22, Alfred street,
Bow-road.

The complainant stated that last night as he was
proceeding down the Bow-road, towards his own re-
sidence, the prisoner suddenly rushed on him, called
him a rascal and a swindler, spit in his face, and
struck him with his clenched fist.

In his defence, the prisoner declared he was a man
with a large family, and they were in a very desti-
tute condition. tie was a boot and shoemaker, and
had made the complainant two pair of boots, but
could
,not,get the money. He had sued him at the
Bow County Court, and obtained a judgment for
thirty shillings, but Mr. Parker only laughed at him,
and would hold up his leg to him in derision, saying
the boots fit uncommonly well. Ile was aggravated
to do what he had done.

Mr. YARDLEY—If your story be correct certainly
it is a hard case, but that does not justify your as-
saulting Mr. Parker, for which I fine you 205., or
eight days' imprisonment.

_ .
-Prisoner (bursting into tears)—Then I must go to
gaol, and my family must starve.
Mr. YARDLEY, addressing the complainant, said
I think you ought to pay this poor man, and thus
prevent his going to. prison.
Complainant (haughtily)-oh, let him call at my
office.

Mr. YARDLEY-Stuff; you don't keep your money
all at your office. I will take the prisoner's own re-
cognisance to appear here on Friday next, and if you
have not paid him in the interim I shall not inflict
the fine.

This decision was received with applause, which,
however, was instantly checked.

SOUTH AMERICA.—LIVERPOOL, FRIDAY.—By the
Alecto, arrived at Plymouth, we have advices from Bahia
to the 9th ult. There is no change to notice in com-
mercial affairs. Exchange on England, 27i to 27g. In
consequence of the plentiful supply of shipping freights
had declined,—to Hamburgh, 80; for the continent, call-
ing at Cowes, 75 to 80.

The Union Monarchique insinuates that M. Du-
CHATEL is speculating on the approaching fall of M.
GUIZOT in consequence of his crooked foreign policy,
but as the KING is to the full as deeply implicated in
the foreign policy of the 29th October as the Minis-
ter, M. DUCIIATEL, if he indulges in any such specu-
lations, will probably find himself mistaken. After
announcing the appointment of M. GUIZOT, the
Union Monarchique thus proceeds :
" M. Duchatel, after raising some obstacles to the
elevation of M. Guizot, has consented to occupy the
second place. He, nevertheless, continues to be the
man essentially necessary; he considers, perhaps,
that our foreign policy may shortly occasiem the
downfal of M. Guizot, and that he should reserve
himself for an impending contingency. The Con-
servative party regard M. Guizot as totally inefficient,

ONE
sfri.OcK ritICES

THE HOLBORN MIDDLE•BOW NUISANCE.—The
proceedings at Middle-row, Holborn, where four houses
have been pulled down in order to rebuild them, have
produced the utmost astonishment amongst all classes of
people, as well as the deepest feelings of regret. The
question which you put is continually asked, "Can
nothing be done to prevent the perpetuation of this
great obstruction in so important a thoroughfare as Hol-
born?" I really think that Government might under-
take purchase, on its own responsibility, certain that the
House of Commons would not only grant indemnity, but
thanks. Where is the Metropolis Improvement Com-
mission? Will nobody make an energetic remonstrance
to Government against letting slip this L.vourable oppor-
tunity tor abolishing such a nuisancs as Middle-row,
Holborn?—Correspondent of the Builder.
FALL OF A PRINTING-OFFlCE.—Yesterday morn-
ing the printing-office of Messrs. Taylor and Co., near
Dale•street, Liverpool, fell .down, in consequence of the
walls being undermined by certain excavations going on
in the neighbourhood. Fortunately, a timely notice was
given to the printers, who made their escape.
CHIEF JUSTICESHIP OF IN EWFOUNDLAND.—The
Govt rinnent have appointed Mr. Francis Brady, of the
Irish bar, to the office of Chief Justice of Newfoundland.
Mr. Brady is a rising b,Arrister, thoroughly well ac-
quainted with his profe,sion. He is a Roman C.itholic,
moderate in politics, and taking little part, in them.
The quantity' of wine consumed in France is forty
millions of hectolitres. The quantify of wine imported
from all ciaintr.es into England is only 360,000 hecto-
litres ; so that France coin: nines upwards o! one hundred
times at, much wine every year as E:,g!and d ws.

APPROACH OF WINTEft —On Sunday the top or
Benloniond and neighbouring hills were covered with
bilOW.—Nortlt British Mail.