The Sun.
London, England, 1841-04-14 00:00:00

FOREIGN FUNDS.

Austrian, 5 per cent ' Portuguese, 5 per cent.
Belgian, 5 per cent lO3 Ditto, New Ditto 334
Brazilian 80nd5.... 69i Prussian, 5 per cent.
Buenos Ayres, 6 per cent 24 ;Russian, 5 per cent —
Chilian, 6 per cent...... Ditto, Metallic —
Colombian, 6 per cent... Spanish, 5 per cent 23;
Ditto, 1824. 22 Ditto, Deferred ... 12i
Danish, 3 per cent....... French, 5 per cent. —f. —e.
Greek, 1825, 5 per cent. Exchange —f. —r,.
Mexican, 5 per cent. ... 30Z French, 3 per cent 7Bf. 5Cc.
Ditto, 6 per cent, 1825. Dutch, 2i per cent. ... 52*
Peruvian, l 825, 6 per et. 184 Ditto, 5 per cent 9Bi
SHARES.

Cheltenham and Great Western (621 paid) 321
Eastern Counties Railway (23 paid ...... pg-
Ditto Debentures ( 4 paid) 8
Great Western Railway (65 paid)
Ditto New Shares (50 paid) 6,'
Ditto Fifth (4 paid)
London and Brighton (50 paid)
London and Blackwall Railway (25 pd)
London and Birmingham Railway (90 pd) 159
London and South Western ... 574
Ditto Tenths
London and Croydon Railway (Trunk) ..... . 131-
Manchester and Leeds (70 paid) ...... ... .... 661
North Midland Railway (100 paid) ...... ...
Ditto New Shares (40 paid) „
York and North Midland Railway (50 pd) 81

PRIVY COUNCIL-(THIS DAY.)

WOOD AND OTHERS, V. GOODLAKE AND OTHERS.

Sir FREDERICK PoLLocit (in continuation from our
First Edition) said—But notwithstanding these cases
the question was what was the rule and what was its appli-
cation. Did B refer to A? The reference must be to
something which, without the possibility of mistake, was
the document produced. B directed the disposal of the
estates "as directed by my instruction," but the instruc-
tions contained no directions with respect to a part
of the estates, and did not, therefore, correspond.
Their Lordships would observe that in paper A, the words
" Instructions for the will of me, James Wood, Esq., of
Gloucester," were not connected with the rest; there was a
considerable space between them, and these words might
have been supplied afterwards. He threw out this suggestion
as one among others for their Lordships' consideration.
The reference should be so clear and stringent that a stir.
position to the contrary could not be admitted. Was
the reference here of this nature ? In no re-
spect did paper A correspond with the instructions re-
ferred to in paper B. The only point of correspor._
dence was the solitary word " Instructions." But
if they were referred to, there might have been
other instructions rather written, or parole, which were
not forthcoming. Then could A stand by itself? It was
altogether in the handwriting of Mr. Chadborn.
Mr. Chadborn ought to have instructed Mr. Wood
that such instructions should have been in his own
handwriting, or he should have called in another attorney,
and if, as his Learned Friend had suggested, Mr. Wood
had objected to the exoense,
he might, in such a ca,e,
have paid the fee 'himself. The paper bad been
in Mr. Chadborn's possession up to the time of its
annexation, and under these circumstances it ought not to
be admitted to probate without a great deal more
of proof than that of handwriting. He contended that
if the document bad been attested by three rvitnese,,
yet, being in Mr. Chadborn's handwriting, other evidence
would be necessary to establish its validity. If it were
entirely in the handwriting of the testator, lie still con.
tended other evidence was necessary. He thought
there was the strongest reason to believe this
paper had no existence be fore paper B was
executed. If it had been it was impossible but it must
have been then produced. If produced would it not have
been annexed or at least ostentatiously exhibited ? There
was not the slightest eri 'ence that Mr. Chadborn had
b.cn at the testator's on the 2d of December, when it bore
date.

Lord LYNDHURST observed that ho thought it was a
very clumsy instrument to have been fabricated by an in-
telligent attorney. As the Learned Gentleman appeared
to be proceeding to a new part of the case, he thought
they had better adjourn.
Their Lordships then adjourned to the 17th May.

The son of a farmer named Patker, seeing that
Captain Seymour and some other gentleince, who were
out with her Majesty's hounds last Saturday, were about
I:idirg over his father's crops, attempted to stop them, and
In doing so a pole which he had in his band at the time
came in contact with the Captain's eye. It is said that he
purposely struck Captain Seymour, 1013 contenaplatv
legal proceedings against his appailant.

S IRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
(From the Globe.)
The Hertfordshire Tories sustained a severe defeat
on Monday last, by the decision, in an unprecedentedly
numerous meeting of county Magistrates, which goes
to substitute a County Police for the proverbially in-
efficient parochial constables. It is true that the ques-
tion was not strictly a party question, and ought not
to have been so regarded by either the supporters or
opponents of the proposition. It was, however,
wade to assume that character by those who resisted
the introduction of the New Police system. The Mar-
quis of Salisbury being the leader of the Opposition,
the great bulk of the Tory Magistrates, including nearly
all the Parson-Justices (of which there are a large pro-
portion in the Commission), were, of course, of opinion,
with the Noble Lord, to whom they owe so much,
that the old system is preferable to the new one, both
for its efficiency and cheapness ; and that both the
property and persons of the people in rural districts
would be far more secure under their protection than
by the presence of a regularly disciplined and con-
stantly employed day and night police, duly inspect-
ed, and responsible to superior -officers for their per-
, sonal conduct and activity, and also for the state of the
respective districts committed to their charge. Hap-
pily, although but by an unit, common-sense prevailed
in the Court over the attempt to perpetuate the parish
constables in the county of Hertford—to the great
satisfaction of the bulk of its inhabitants, who see plainly
that the Tories, as a body—there are exceptions, which
become more honourably conspicuous because of their
rarity—oppose the most. obvious and imperatively-de-
manded improvements, if by so doing they can but gain
a paltry temporary advantage, which they may be able
1 to exhibit as a proof of superior numerical strength.
(From the Standard.)
The real business of the Session may be expected to
commence at the re-assembling of Parliament next
week. The rival bills of Lords Stanley and Morpeth—
the bill of Mr. Colquhoun for the " Emancipation " of
the Romanists clergy from the mock control of the
Government—the motion of Sir RThert Inglis for ex-
tending the means of religious worship in some approxi-
mation to the wants of the country—will all soon
force themselves upon public attention—and, lastly,
that most peremptory of all days, the day of
reckoning, the day of "the budget," is promised to ar-
rive before the end of the month. Of' the two Irish
registration bills it is not necessary to say much. The
public of all parties concur in the acknowledgment that
the present vile and abominable system of the Irish
elections cannot be longer endured ; and the Chartists
and Radicals must, by this time, have learned
from Mr. Lyon M'Kenzie, if they did not
know it before, that universal suffrage, such as
Lord Morpeth's Bill would establish, whether es-
tablished with or without " the ballot," is not
only no remedy for fraud, perjury, and corrup-
tion4but the most effectual means for rendering all three
of easy practice, and therefore all but universal. Lord
Stanley's Bill may be rejected, but it is impossible that
Lord Morpeth's Bill can ever pass ; and the rejection of
Lord Stanley's Bill will be no more than a simple de-
claration, on the part of the majority, that they
have an interest in the villainies of the Irish elec-
tions, which villainies they confess to the full extent
of their atrocities, but which, nevertheless, they vote
to perpetuate. The principles at issue in the rival
bills is now perfectly clear to every one. Let gentle-
men take their side in the dispute according to their
notions of profound honesty and political morality,
and let the public judge of their conduct when
next they shall present themselves at the hustings.
Equally clear are the merits of Mr. Colquhoun's
Bill. It is plain that under the existing law the
College of Maynooth fulfils none of the conditions
upon which it was first established and has since
been supported. However proper it may be to inves-
tigate the causes of the failure, by a minute inquiry into
the discipline and course of study in the college (and
such an investigation were highly proper), at present it is
enough for us to know that the institution has not pro-
moted the loyalty of the Roman Catholic clergy (its
ostensible purpose), or even recommended itself' to the
care and affection of the Roman Catholic population.
(From the Courier.)
Nobody has doubted for one moment since the esta-
blishment of the new Poor-law, that is nobody out of
the sphere of a foolish fox-hunting squirearchy, that
coequally and contemporaneously with it Corn-laws
could not long be tolerated, and to speak truth, ought
not to be. It is impossible in a free country like this
that one law for the rich, but another and a totally dif-
ferent law for the poor, should long exist together.
Now, fire and water would almost blend as harmo-
niously together physically, as Corn-laws and new
Poor-laws morally. The principle of each in many
respects is essentially and vitally hostile the one
to the other. The Corn-laws are protective of the
interests of one part of the community, that is,
of the agricultural classes in especial ; the new
Poor-laws are destructive of the interests and hap-
piness of every class of the community, save the proud
and pursy landlords of the soil and the millionaire tra-
ders of the city. The question which must come to be
solved therefore sooner or later is, how long will the
masses be disposed to submit to the one-sided legislation,
by which their old Poor-law protective rights have been
swept away, and replaced with the decimating despotism
of new Poor-law gaolery and starvation, whilst they see
the upper classes revelling in all the exclusive wealth
and enjoyments springing out of property rights well
and rigorously protected. It is not difficult to foresee
the result to which this " experimentalising" new Poor-
law legislation will lead eventually ; for an " experi-
ment," although a long one, the new Poor-law is, ac-
cording to Sir Robert Peel himself.

RENEWED TITHE WAR.

ST. ANDREW'S, HOLBORN.

Yesterday a Middlesex Petty Sessions was held in the
workhouse of the Holborn Union, Little Gray's Inn-lane,
for the purpose of hearing the complaints of the Rector,
the Rev. Mr. Robinson, against upwards of twenty parish-
ioners, for refusal to pay tithes.
The Magistrates present were—Mr. M'William, Chair-
man ' • Mr. Mackinnon, Mr. Russell, Mr. Armstrong, and
Mr. Kempshed.
It appeared that no title had been paid by any of the
recusants since 1836, hut the summonses were issued only
for the claims of the years 1839 and 1840, as the
trates have no jurisdiction in cases of tithe due more than
two years.
The first eae called on was that of Mr. James Sher.
mendine, owner of the houses Nos. 21, 22, and 23, Fill.
woo i's Rents, from whom the sum claimed for two years'
lithe was 2/. 16s.

Mr. Shermendine being asked why he did not pay the
remand, stated that the houses in question were not tithe-
able. The first el made was that of the last Rector,
Mr. BeresfLrd, wh', after much litigation and contention
will his parilhioncra, excused the houses in question of a
part of the sum claimed, on account of the poverty of the
inhabitants, and the matter was supposed to be finally set-
tled in 1835, since which time no demand had been
made, and the defendant had no notice of the revival until
Saturday morning, when he receiked the summons to
which he now appeared. He denied altogether the Rec-
tor's claim to tithe upon those houses, repeating that the
question was first raised by Mr. Beresford.
Mr. Turner, the Rector's Attorney, said that the right
of the Rector to tithes from the premises in question, and
from those of all the persons now called upon to pay, had
been established by the Court of Chancery six years ago,
and, in point of fact, the defendant had recognised the
Rector's title by paying, in 1835, according to the decision
of the Superior Court.
_ _ _ _

Mr. Armstrong—Why has he not been applied to since ?
Mr. Turner—The Rev. Mr. Beresford did not press his
claims afterwards whilst he remained in the parish. He
was, for the remainder of the time, satisfied with establish-
ing the right of the future incumbents. There are a great
many in the parish who will not pay now.
Mr. ARMSTRONG—There was formerly a great part of
the parish not covered with buildings, and until those spaces
were filled up, no tithe was claimed for the vacant inter-
vats. This desuetude seems to have given rise to the ex-
emption claimed for the houses since erected in such
places. It was a great pity that no agreement was come
to at the time when it was attempted a few year; ago. I
generally differed from Mr. Beresford upon most subjects,
but I could not help thinking that his proposal at that time
was very moderate. He proposed to commute the whole
tithe for 5001. a-year, and if that proposal had been ac-
cepted, a great deal of irritation and expense would be
avoided. The question seems to be now as unsettled a 3
ever. I have a very great objection to tithes myself, but
after the decision of the Court of Chancery, and the pay-
ments made by those part es themselves, I think that
sitting here as Magistrates, we must enforce the law.
The defendant said that in consequence of the poverty
of the persons who oceupi.'d his houses, he could not pay
the tithe.

Mr, M‘Wit,niAst said that he would be glad to exempt
the defendant on that plea, if he could do otherwise than
administer the law as he found it, He asked Mr. Turner
how long he would allow the defendant to take for pay-
ment?

Mr. Turner said he would give defendant any time he
asked. It was not the Rector's wish to be harsh, but only
to eqiblish his right, In these cases he would not ask
even for costs.

It was then decided that the sum claimed should be paid
in 21 days.

The next case was that of Mr. Chaplin, No. 10, G e-
ville street, who was summoned for 10s. A person who
attended for the defendant paid the amount, under a pro-
t:st against the illegality of the decision against him.
Mrs. Howard, nf No. 53, Gray's Inn-lane, was sum-
moned for 16e., the amount of two years' tithe, for which
Mr. Turner, upon her plea of poverty, consented to take
Ba., it bring, be said, only his object to establish the right.
Mr. Purdy, of 45, High Holborn, summoned for two
years' arrears of tithe, amounting to I/ , said, that what he
objected to was that very thing that Mr. Turner wanted,
" establishing the right." In 1835 Mr. Bell, the Rec.
tor's attorney, took advantage of many of the inhabitants
by false pretences, getting them to give him a small por-
tion of the sum demanded, by way of settling the mat-
ter for ever, but really for the purpose of entering it
upon the face of the collector's book that they had
paid, and thereby virtually acknowledging the Rector's
right. The Rector published a notice to the whole
parish, pledging himself that if he could not trace the
payments back to 1776, he would abandon the claim.
He (Mr. Purdy) and others consented to take the Rector
at his word, and said if the claim was so established

th-y would not refuse to pay. The Rector faile I,
hoe ever, and notwithstanding his pledge summoned
him (Mr. Purdy) to Hatton-garden, where the case
was twice dismissed, and upon a third summons the
Magistrate gave Mr. Bell (the attorney) a month's
time to make out a case for the Rector. In the meantime,
Mr. Bell called upon him (Mr. P.) several times, solicit-
ing to settle it amicably, but this was firmly refused, until
one day Bill called on him, when he was in the lettry of
business, and said if he would give him even I/. for the
demand of 31., he should have a receipt for the whole, and
should hear no more of the tithe claim. He was taken'
by surprise, and to get rid of the annoyance paid
the pound, protesting at the same time against
the injustice and the illegality of taking even that much
from him. It was most unfair that ho and others should
be inveigled by such means to furnish a sort of evidence
against themselves, and then be dragged like criminals
before the magistrates, at great loss of time, and with
detriment to their business. He would never pay the de-
mand until the Rector proved his right.
Mr. Al' Wiruram—lt is not our intention to allow the
Rector to ride rough-shod over you. We must make the
order against you ; but if you wish to make the payment
under a protest, and to follow up that by ulterior proceed-
ings, we will give you some time to consult with your
fellow-parishioners as to what steps you ought to take.
After much discussion it was decided that the order
should be issued for payment in fourteen days, to give Mr.
Purdy time to consult, as recommended by the Chairman.
In the remainder of the defended cases the same deci-
sion was agreed to, Mr. Turner saying that he would not
ask for costs unless he wet e put to further expense.
Mr. T. J. Woollcr and three or four others did not ap-
pear to their summons, and judgment being given against
them, Mr. Turner asked for costs.
_ _

Mr. M` WILLIAM was not certain the Court had autho-
rity to grant costs. He kacw it was doubtful in some
cases of disputed tithes.
Mr. Turner reflrred to the Actc, the 7th and Bth Wil-
liam 111. c. 6, and the 53d‘Geo. 111. c. 137, to show that
in the present cases he was entitled to costs.
The Magistrate., after a short consultation, said that in
the present cases they would allow only the smallest sum
that would cover the actual expenses, and for this they con-
side-ed :as. in each case sufficient.
The Court then adjourned,

The King of Hanover has given directions for
the dismantling of his apartments in St. James's Palace ;
waggon loads of valuable articles are daily sent off.
THE VOLUNTARY PRINCIPLE.-011 Friday
last the anniversary of the Sabbath Schools connected with
the congregational denomination of Dissenters in this town
was held, when an interesting address was d« livered to
them by their beloved pastor, the Rev. W. IL Griffith,
B A. ; after which they were plentifully supplied with
plum-c tke and tea. The day was spent in the most inte-
resting and delightful manner. Considering the smallness
of the town, and the tyrannizing, persecuting spirit of tha
State Church, the number of children is truly aitonishing,
there being 580 scholar a and 70 voluntary teachers !!!
Chard, April 1.
Yesterday evening between seven and eight
o'clock, a respectable married woman named Mary
Parker, whose husband keeps a chandler's shoo, at No.
16, St. Anne's-street, Westminster, and is well to do in
the world, threw herself, as is asserted, out of a first floor
window. Sne is about 35 years of age, and is in the
last stage of pregnancy. The husband's account of the
melancholy affair is, that he and his wife having had some
word; on Tuesday evening, she ran up stairs into the
front room and bolted the door on the inside. He fol-
lowed her up and tried to obtain admission, but his wife
threatened that if lie forced the door she would throw her-
self out of the window. He kicked at the door and a part
of it gave way, and at that moment he heard the window
raised, and something heavy fall to the ground. He im-
mediately ran down stairs ant' found her lying OR the
ground. From the woman's condition, little or no hopes
are entertained of her recovery.
MORTALITY AMONGST INFANTS.—Yester-
day an inquest was held at the Robinson Crusoe, Earl-
street, Lissen-grove, before Mr. Wakley, M. P., on the
body of a female infant, aged 13 weeks, that died on Fri-
day night last. The Coroner observed that the number
of sudden deaths which occurred amongst fine healthy
children under the age of eighteen months was enormous,
and had latterly very much increased. He could not at all
account for it. Immediately on an infant being found
dead in bed it was invariably rumoured that it had been
overlaid ; but no such thing, not one in a hundred met its
death that way; death was the result of some internal
complaint.

BRUNSWICK, MARCH 27.—1 can give you
from good authority the following intelligence, which is of
much importance to the north of Germany. Our negotia-
tions for the prolongation of the customs union with
Hanover and Oldenburg, have been decidedly broken,just
when they seemed to be near to a favourable conclusion,
and the renewal of them is out cf the question. Hanover
made demands which could not possibly be acceded to,
without knowingly sacrificing the interest of the country.
TRIESTE, APRIL 2.—The accounts, so many
letters speaking of the breaking out of the plague at Malta,
are to be looked upon as reports but little entitled to
credit. At Athens (from which city we have accounts to
the 27th "of March) eight bankruptcies (some of them
cor.siJerable) have taken place. According to accounts
brought by the steamer which arrived yesterday at Dal-
matia, a sanguinary conflict has taken place between the
Montenegrins and the Austrian troops on the frontier, in
which an Austrian Captain was mortally wounded.
During the formation of the dams for the bridge
about to be erected at Springfield, for the Eastern Coun-
ties Railway, the workmen discovered a large number of
horns, seven or eight feet below the bed of the river. They
consisted of a fragment of a stag's horn, a goat's horns,
with a portion of the skull, small horns of an ox or ram,
and many others of a similar character. A curious knife
was also found : it is 1 ft. 4.in. long; the blade, which is
10 in. in length, and tharp at the edge, being curved like
a woodman's bill. These relics of a former age are all
in a good state of preservation ; and by some are supposed
to be the remains of a Roman sacrifice.—Essex Herald.
JOHN KNox.—At the anniversary meeting of
the Literary and Antiquarian Society of Perth, very
great interest was excited by the presentation, at the same
time and from different quarters, of the walking-stick of
John Knox, and the candle-stick which stood before him
at the time when an attempt was made against his life, and
through which the bullet passed which wa., aimed at hint
tl,rough the window of his lodgings. The cane was a
donation from Mr. Laing of London. The candlestick
was a presentation from Mr. Murray of Aytoun, h n:1 both
were accompanied by memoranda, which left no hesita-
tion as to their being veritable memorials of this great Hiss
former.

SECRET LETTER WRITING.--FOr several

weeks past letters have been received through the
Ro-
chester and Chatham post-offices by several respectable
farnilie. These letters are written by some villain,
who states that the son of the partiev, who is sta.
tioned out at such a place (naming it) is either
killed, drowned, or has died of some disease ; thereby
throwing families into the utmot distress. It
appears the wretch finds out respectable families
who have a son abroad, and then immediately
wri'es to them a most distressing letter, detail-
ing their deaths. The fimily of Mr. Hillier have had
three or four of these letters; also a widow lady living
in Rochester, having an only son. The writer assured her
that her son was drowned at the place he was stationed
abroad. It however happened that her son was in this
country on leave of absence, and eras visiting at Stafford.
Some clue, has been obtained to the villain, and we hope
soon to hear of his being placed before the tribunal of
justice.—Maidstone Gazette. _ _

CITY ANTIQUITIES.—On Wednesday last the
labourers engaged in excavating the foundations of the
French Protestant Church, in Threadneedle-street, found
at a depth of fourteen feet below the surface a fine speci-
men of Roman tesselated pavement, and not a stone with
an inscription on it, as has been erroneously stated. It is
a very per feet specimen of tesselm of the third or fourth
century, and is about nine feet long and six feet wide.
Mr. Moxhay, the proprietor of the ground, has not only
liberally allowed the pavement to remain as it was found,
at the base of a pillar near Threadneedle-street, but has
placed over it a platform in order more freely to allow
public inspection. Many persons have the last few days
availhd themselves of the opportunity of witnessing this
ancient tpecimen of art in the earlier domestic architec-
ture of this country. The site of the church, it may be
presumed, is that of a Roman house of the higher order ;
and it is singular that within the last few years similar
specimens have been found, in nearly a direct line, in
Bartholomew-lane and within the Bank. which may show
a connected series of these villas. Unhappily all rem-
nants of these were lost to the public, as they were broken
np by the workmen, as was the ease about two years since
in excavating the sewers in Paternoster-row, where a fine
mass of tesselated pavement, of about forty feet in length,
was thus broken up. The site of the late Royal Exchange
has produced few objects of interest to the antiquary, but
within the last few days the excavations approaching
Cheapsidc have disclosed some solid specimens of Roman
masonry. Under St. Bartholomew's Church were found
some curious structural arches coeval with or antecedent to
the Norman period. _ _ _

The British races at the beginning of the seven-
teenth century amounted scarcely to 10,000,000, and at
present they amount to 50,000,000 in both hemispheres. It
was only at the beginning of the seventeenth century that
the first permanent British colony was planted in America.
In 1780, the British races there amounted to 2,000,000.
It has been calculated that, independently of fresh emigra-
tions, they double themselves about every twenty years, as
the following will show :

In 1780 2,000.000
1800
1820 8 000,000
1840
_

According to this calcula'ion, in the year 1940 these
races will amount to 567,000,000, and so on in regular prc-
gression until arrested by the chief physical checks to po-
pulation—want of food and want of space. —,Work by Dr.
Verity.
FAST-DAY IN SCOTLAND.—The following
from a Scotch paper gives a strange account of the mode
in which sacred days aie observed in Scotland. Addi-
tional watchmen were required to keep in order the theta-
sands who poured in by steam-boats and railroads to wor-
ship in this city, so renowned for its religion : —Thursday
last being Fast-day in Glasgow, and the weather being
exceedingly tine, we had an immense number of visitors.
On the joint line there were about 6,000 passenprs con.
veyed—on the Greenock line about 4,ooo—and on the
Ayr line about 3,000 The Canal Company, too, had far
more than they could take in their gigs, and had to set on se.
reral trading boats to convey the surplus. The number
carried amounted to 3 072. The steamers on the Clyde
were filled to overflowing, and the Rearm Railway was
well patronised ; but we have not heard the numbers stated
that went by either of these conveyance:. The streets
were, of course, much crowded during the day, but all
went on quietly. The night watchmen were increased in
case of need, but there wcre no disturbances worth notice,
and before eleven o 'clock the town was as quiet as usual "

E VENI NG 14;DITIoN-