The Sun.
London, England, 1840-05-11 00:00:00

C

N, lii

OTICE TO THE PUBLIC.
GENERAL POST-OFFICE, MAT 7, 1840.
In those cases where Adhesive Stamps are used, it is re-
quested that they may be placed on the Front of the Letter
upon the right hand corner on the upper side. Should
is direction not be attended to, from the rapidity with which
e duty must be performed, Letters which bear Stamps will
frequently be taxed, while the Parties receiving them/ will
put to much trouble in obtaining a retu: n of the Postage im-
properly chargel. In all eases of complaint, whether of over-
chaige or of any other irregularity, the Cover of the Letters
must invariably be kept and sent to the Post-office, as affordin
the only means of investigating the complaint,
ly command,
W. L. 111AI3ERLY, Secretary.

EXHIBITION OF TULIPS.
lIGROOM-, Walworth, Surrey, by appoin
• ment Florist to her Majesty, respeutf Hy informs th
Nobility, Gentry, and l'ublie that hi Eperb colection of
TULIPS is NOW in FULL BLOOM, and will continue in
perfection until the 21st of MAY, and may be viewed every
day from Nine o'Clock until Five, Sundays excepted.
Admittance Is.

LINE OF COMMUNICATION
BETWEEN LONDON AND DUBLIN.

AMP
that a suitable extension of tho proposed pier may be
taken into consideration previously to the commence-
ment of any of the works.
We have ascertained that stone may be had at a con-
venient distance from the port, and may be readily con-
♦eyed thither by railroad, and we have computed the
probable expense of all the works which will be re-
quired to complete this harbour at about 200,0001,
allowing 3s. per cubic yard for the rubble pier, and 4s.
per cubic yard of stone, which may be considered a
covering price.
(Signed)

REPORT from Rear-Admiral Sir James A. Gor-
don and Captain Becehey to the Lords of the Ad-
miralty, relative to the beat means of communi-
cating between London and Dublin, and the rela-
tive capabilities of the Ports of Holyhead, Ormes
Bay, and Porthdynllacn.

Holyhead, Jan. 14th, 1840.
Sta—We have the honour to acquaint you that, in
obedience to the directions of the Lords Commissioners
of the Admiralty, conveyed to us in your letter of the
2d of December, 1839, desiring us to report upon the
best means of communication between London and
Dublin, and more immediately upon the relative capa-
bility of the ports of Holyhead, Ormes Bay, and
Porthdynflaen, for cxpediting.and receiving the steam-
packets to and from Dublin, we have proceeded to
those and.carefully examined into every circum-
stance bearing upon that question.
We have considered the respective distances of those
places from Kingstown ; the effect of tides and pre-
vailing winds upon the passage, and every point which
might affect the expeditious and certain transmission of
the mails ; the effect of races, prevalent swell, the form
of the shore, and influence of adjacent mountains ; with
reference to the certainty of making the port, or to a
ready and safe entry or departure of the packets there-
from at all hours of the day or night, as well as to the
perfect and immediate security when in, and to the
facility of landing or embarking their mails and passen-
gers ; the works which it would be necessary to con-
struct at either of the above-mentioned places, and the
probable expense that would attend their execution.
We have used all possible diligence in inquiring into
all these matters ; and we have the honour to acquaint
you, for the informationoL4cir Lordships, that we arc
decidedly of opinion thef-hieth Ormes Bay and Porth-
dynllacn are under such great disadvantages, as com-
pared with Holyhead, whether as regards the distance,
the passage, the convenience as a station, or the ex-
pense of constructing works, that we have no hesitation
in recommending Holyhead as the most fit and eligible
point for the departure and arrival of the packets on the
eastern side of the Channel.
In coming to this conclusion, we beg to state that
the reasons which have mainly induced us to decide in
favour of Holyhead, are based upon the superiority of
the passage across the Channel from that place to
Kingstown, as compared with the run between the last-
mentioned place and either of the other ports ; and as
the merits of these passages may be deemed a most
material part of our inquiry, we have dwelt upon them
somewhat in detail, and beg to refer their Lordships to
their discussion in p. 41, under the head of " Remarks
upon the Passages." We shall here merely observe,
that, duly impressed with the importance which at-
taches to the subject, we have given it our full and
most deliberate consideration.
As regards the relative capability of the ports for
the reception and accommodation of large steam-
packets, or the construction of works suitable to a
packet establishment, we have the honour to observe,
that upon visiting the places specified in their Lord-
ships' instructions, we found Ormcs Bay and Porthdyn-
!Jaen mere open roadsteads, and that the harbour of
Holyhead was far too limited and shallow for the recep-
tion of large class steamers ;"so that at whichever place
it might have been thought advisable to establish a
station, it would have been necessary to construct a
harbour purposely for their protection and accommoda
tion.

J. A. GORDON, Rear-Admira
F. W. BEECHEY, Captain.
More O'Ferrall, Esq., &c. &c. &c.
Admiralty.

BURMESE PRIZE MONEY.
SECRETARY'S OFFICE, Royal Hospital, Melsea

May 1, 1840..
The Directors of the Honourable the East India Company
having paid over to this llospital the amount of the Unclaimed
Shares of Prize Money, on account of the Troops of his late
Majesty which served with the Army under the command of
Major-General Sir Archibald Campbell, G.C. 8., at the Cap-
tures made in the Burmese Territory, which prize money was
authorized to he distributed pursuant to his late Majesty's war-
rant : Notice is hereby given, that payment of such Unclaimed
Shares on account of the said Troops will commence on 1110
DAY, the Ist clay of June next, and be continued at this office
on each succeeding day, between the hours of ten and two.
RICHARD NEAVE, Secretary and Registrar.

We have, &.....,

Referred to in page 39 of le.ter.
Remarks upon the Passages between Kingstown and
Holyhead, Porthdynllaen, and Ormes Bay.
The respective distances between these places are :
From Kingstown to Holyhead 54 geographical miles.
Porthd3nllaen 60
Ormes Bay
But as the packets from Porthdynllaen will have to
round the Kish light vessel, it will be proper to reckon
the distance from that spot, in order to draw a just
comparison.
From the Kish to Holyhead Bay, 48 geographical miles.

ENTLEMEN VISITING LONDON
3f will find SUPERIOR ACCOMMODATION on
Moderate Terms at EVANS'S GRAND HOTEL,
PIAZZA and KING-STREET, COVENT-GARDEN.
Bed and Breakfast
Coffee-room Dinners Two Shillings each.
The Harmonic Meeting every Evening as usual, at Ten

F JONDON and BRIGHTON RAILWAY.
The Publie are informed that the SHORE-
HAM BRANCH RAILWAY will be OPENED on
MONDAY, the 11th of May inst., and that on and after the
12th of May inst., the Trains of the Company will start as
under, until further notice:—
From Brighton—Morning, 9, 1 1 ; Afternoon, 1,3, 5,7, 9.
From Shoreham—Morning, 8, 10, 12 ; Afternoon, 2,4, 6, 6.

Porthdynllaen, 54
Ormes Bay ... 78-
From this it appears that Ormes Bay is thirty miles
further from the Kish, and consequently full three
hours of time more distant from that spot than Holy-
head ; and as the packet, for about four days in every
fortnight, would, during the first part of her passage,
have to stem a tide running from two to three and a
half knots per hour, this distance would occasionally be
increased to thirty-six or forty miles, or very nearly four
hours of time, even in moderate weather.
This great excess of distance by sea, between the
Kish and Ormes Bay, over that between the Kish and
either of the other ports, is quite sufficient, in our opi-
nions, to put Ormes Bay wholly out of the question as a
packet station, whilst there is a possibility of either of
the other places becoming one ; we shall, therefore,
limit our observations to the relative merits of the other
two passages.
It is shown above, that Porthdynllaen is six miles
further from the Kish, than Holyhead ; and as in thick
or hazy weather, it will be necessary to give a wide
berth to the Kish and Bray banks, to compensate for
the errors to which so long a route is liable, from
steerage, lee-way, and the irregularity of the tides, this
distance will occasionally be so much increased, that
we shall not err far in giving the number of miles 8 or
10 more than that between Holyhead and the Kish.
It is to be observed, with respect to the Holyhead
route, that there is no necessity for this precaution, as
the course of the vessel is at right angles to the danger,
and an error in the direction, arising from either of
the abovementioned causes, does not bring the vessel
into peril until she has arrived within a mile of her
true distance, as may be seen by the diagram which
accompanies this Report.
To show more clearly the necessity there is on the
Porthdynllaen route of giving a wide berth to the
dangers which skirt the Irish coast, and which lie
directly in the route from Porthdynllaen to Kingstown,
there is traced upon the diagram the effect of an error
of a point in the course from both Holyhead and
Porthdynllaen ; upon the Holyhead line it will be seen
that this error will not endanger th'e vessel until she
has arrived within a mile of her supposed distance
from the Kish ; whereas, the same error upon the
Porthdynllaen line will put the vessel upon the sands
before she has run within nine miles of her proper dis-
tance ; and as this deviation from the supposed course
may happen during bad weather, from steerage, lee-
way, or influence of the tides, without any neglect of
the officer in command of the packet, it will be abso-
lutely necessary to guard against such a possibility by
keeping well to the northward, and making a circuit
which will considerably increase the distance to be
finally run.
The tides also operate more unfavourably upon the
Porthdynllaen line than upon the other ; a whole ebb
or flood upon the Holyhead passage increases the
distance to the Kish about one mile only, whilst upon
the Porthdynllaen passage the flood shortens the dis-
tance about two miles, and the ebb lengthens it five,
making the distance from Porthdynllaen to the Kish,
under such circumstances; 10 or 12 miles more than
from Holyhead to the Kish, and about 13 or 14 miles
more by observing the necessary precaution before men-
tioned, of giving a prudent berth to the said banks.
This effect of the tides upon the distance to be run
on dark and hazy nights, when the lights cannot be
seen far, and when an officer has nothing to guide him
but his distances and his sounding, will render extreme
caution necessary on approaching the danger, especially
when it is known that a slight error in the course, as
has before been shown, will place the vessel among the
breakers before she has run four-fifths of her distance,
and will, in fact, ever deny to this route the confidence
which has long been established and is so fully war-
ranted upon the Holyhead line.
The extreme accuracy with which the distance may
be run between Holyhead and the Kish, will be seen in
Table 1 A, which contains a register of 22 tracks to
and from the Kish and Platters in Holyhead, run by
the Doterel, with the African's patent log ; the second
and fifth columns (Table 1 B) contain these distances
corrected for the known set of the tide according to the
time of high water between the Platters and the vici-
nity of the Stack, where alone this route is liable to dis-
turbance, and an inspection of these two columns will
show that out of 22 trials, there is but one by which
the distance shown by the log erred a mile from the
true distance between the two places, and that the other
21 trials are within a quarter ofa mile of the truth.
With regard to the races and swell on either of these
tracks, we consider them to op.2rato equally on both
lines, except that we have always understood that a
heavier swell from the S.W. and N.W. tumbles into
Caernarvon Bay, than is felt in other parts of the
Channel and that the race off the Stack need be avoided
only at the springs, when the tides arc running in an
opposite direction to a strong wind.
We cannot discover, from the data we have collected,
that the prevailing wind is more favourable to one route
than the other.
Table 2, abstracted from the African's log, shows the
number of hours the wind prevailed in each point
of the compass during 12 months, in which she
was surveying between Dublin and Holyhead ; and
Table 3, abstracted from a year's kg of the double
line of Holyhead packets, shows the number of days
throughout the year on which the wind was on each
point of the compass.

o'CloCk.

BOULOGNE-SUR-MER,

HOTEL FLOcUHRtYu;s4ES. RUE NEUVE

This Hotel is in one of the best streets in Boulogne, and in a
central situation, being near the Theatre, the Post-office, the
Paris and Calais Coach-offices, and the Harbour. There is a
Table d' Hote every (lay at Five, for the moderate charge of Two
Francs and a Half. Excellent Wine and Spirits are furnished
on the most reasonable term•. The apartments are well fur-
nished, and have lately been newly decorated.
Stables and Coach-house.

LONDON and CROYDON RAILWAY.
DAY TICKETS.

In order to afford the public an opportunity of viewing the
beautiful scenery upon this line, more at leisure than the rapid
transit of the trains will now permit, the Directors have given
orders that Day Tickets shall be issued, which will enable the
holders, by paying the fare to Croydon and back, to stop at all
or any of the stations, and proceed by any other train in which
there may he room to or from Croydon.
On and after Friday, the Ist of May, trains will start to and
from Croydon as under, via.

Mottxtriu.—Every hour, from five minutes after eight until
five minutes past twelve o'clock.
ArrEttwooN.—Every hour, from twenty minutes after two
until twenty minutes past nine o'clock.
SUNDAYS.—Morning : Every half hour, from five minutes
past eight to fire minutes past ten o'clock. Afternoon : Every
half hour, from ten minutes before two to twenty minutes after
nine o'clock.

All tho trains will stop at the intermediate stations—viz.,
Newcross, Dartmouth Arms, Spiel-111am, Anerly, near Wes-
ton-hill, Norwood, and Jolly Sailor, near Beulah Spa, and
that part of Norweed.—By order of the Board of Directors,
R. S. lOUNG, Secretary.
200, Tooley-street, April 23, 1E340.

Marquees, &o. are erected in the wood, close to the Anerly
station ; and passengers by the railway are permitted to angle in
the adjacent canal, which abounds with fish.

A FIRST-RATE HOTEL and BOARDING HOUSE
ADJOINING, in CHELTENHAM.
ON LEASE or SOLD, for-
TO BE LET
merly well-known as FISHER'S tIOTEL and
BOARDING HOUSE, but since named the CLARENCE
HOTEL, &c., in consequence of his late Majesty having so-
journed there when Duke of Clarence. This Establishment
has enjoyed for upwards of thirty years a very extensive con-
nection, and has been a principal resort of the most distin-
guished visitors to Cheltenham. The Hotel and Boarding
House are distinct buildings, contiguous to each other, and arc
situated in the centre of the Town, in a most convenient posi-
tion for access to all the spas, walks, and drives of that favorite
watering place, and very near to the depots of the Cheltenham
and Great Western Union and the Birmingham and Gloucester
Railways.
The Hotel contains thirteen Sitting-rooms, thirty-eight
best Bed-rooms, thirteen Servants' Bed-rooms, with all requi-
site offices. The Boarding House contains four large Public
Dining-rooms and Drawing-rooms, eleven Private Sitting,
rooms, thirty-four best Bed-rooms, and ten Servants' Bed-
rooms, with all necessary offices. Attached to these buildings
are Baths, a Brewery, Pleasure Garden, Coach-houses, with
standing for twenty-four Carriages, Stabling for thirty-one
Horses, loose boxes, and numerous convenient offices. These
extensive premises will be let for a term of years or sold if re-
quired. 1
_ _

For further particulars, and to treat for a Lease or Sale, apply
(if by letter, post paid) to Mr. Lawrence, Solicitor, Ciren-
cester. Immediate possession may be had if required.

PUBLICATIONS.

MR. JAMES'S NEW NOVEL.

This day is published, in 3 vols, post 8;o., p;iCe 1/.lls. 6d.,
THE KING'S HIGHWAY: a Novel.
By G. P. R. JAMES, Esq.
Author of " Henry of Guise, or the States of Blois ;" " The
Huguenot, a Tale of the French Protestants;" " The Rob-
ber ;" " Life of Edward the Black Prince ;" " The Gentle-
man of the Old School," &c. &c.
London : Longman, Orme, and Co.

TO WEL6FI TOURISTS.—THIRD EDITION.
This day, in I thick vol. Bvo., 205., cloth lettered,
NICHOLSON'S CAMBRIAN TRAVEL-
LER'S GUIDE, in every direction ; containing Re-
marks made during many Excursions in the Principality of
Walos. Third Edition, revised and corrected by his Son, the
Rev. ENIILIUS NICHOLSON, Perpetual Curate of Min-
sterley, Salop.
London: Longman, Orme, and Co.

;®/TAPS OF THE SOCIETY OF THE
LV.I. SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USE-
FUL KNOWLEDGE.

No. LX. XXIII. Italy, General Map, and Ancient Africa,
1., will published on the 25th instant; and
No. Ll\ XXIV. The Islands in the Pacific, in two Maps,
on the 15th June.

The Fourth Number of the POLITICAL SERIES, will
appear on the ]sth instant.
59, Lincoln's-inn Fields, May 7, 1840.

;i;This day is published, in B'lo. (pp. 60), price One Shilling,
CONSIDERATIONS on the. STATE a
the LAW regardini MARRIAGES with a DE.
CEASED WIFE'S IS TE, R.

By A BARRISTER of the MIDDLE TEMPLE.
London : Longman, Orme, and Co.
MARRIAGE ACT, sth and 6th Wm. IV. c. 54; com-
monly called LORD LYNDHURST'S ACT.—Parties ag-
grieved by the above Act, which prohibits Marriag ,s with a
Deceased Wife's Sister arc earnestly solicited to co-operate
in an endeavour now making to obtain its repeal. The pro-
hibition has no foundation either in Religion or Morality, and
cannot be supported upon any ground of rational expediency.
Communications to b. addressed to Messrs. Wilson and
Ogilvy, Printers, 57, Skinner-street, Snowhill.—Names will
be scrupulously concealed, if desired.

Just published, price 2s. 6d.
i_AL PRACTICAL ESSAY on the DEBILI-
TIES of the GENERATIVE SYSTEM, their Va-
rieties, Causes, Treatment, and Cure
By a MEMBER of the ROYAL COLLEGE of SURGEONS,
London, and Surgeon to a Metropolitan Infirmary.
" I an; impotent, and no' fit, to live,"—Last's Records of ,
Suicide.
Sold by Onwhyn, Catherine- street, Strand; Ross and
Nightingale, Liverpool ; and all Booksellers in Town and
Countr:•.

N.B. Persons in the Country may have this work forwarded
by post (free), upon addressing either of the above Booksellers,
and inclosing a remittance of 3s.

TO THE CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER
AND W. MULREADY, R.A.
PR AY do not Alter the Post-office Cover so as
to exclude the Angels particularly, as the arguments
used by Sir R. Peel in the House of Commons on the Bth May
cannot in reality apply to them, and they serve to show forth in
some manner of approximation the only national symbol that
exists of the name of the land we live in, viz. Angel Land.—
See long Advertisement in The Sun, sth, 6th, and 7th May,
wliich was. previously rejected by the ..Times and- Morning
Chronicle, showing the same system of opposition to the recep-
tion of truth as existed in the time of Galileo.
ANGELUS, Author of the " Angel or English Queen."
Sold by Maddon and Co.,- 8, Leadenhall-strce. Price Is.

BROOKMAN and LANGDON'S ORIGI-
NAL DRAWING PENCILS, SIXPENCE Eacn.
The Public are r !spectfnlly informed, that, these superior
Ankles, manuraetured on the principles which have acquired
for them such extensive patronage, particularly during the
last Fl7Tr YEA Rs, may be procured of all respectable stationell•
in London, and the country, at the above mentioned price:
The division into different degrees of hardness adapted to the
various purposes to which Pencils are applied, and appropriately
distinguished by letters marked at the end, viz.—H (hard), H H
(engineering", very hard), H H H (ditto, extremely hard),
II B (hard and black), B (black for shade), B B (very black
for dine), F (fine drawing middling degree), an invention
which proceeded, in the first instance, from their house, though
now universally adopted, is still continued by them. B. and L.
also make drawing Pencils, distributed (like their best Pencils)
into seven degrees of hardness, these Pencils, which bear the
wends SECOND QUALITY impressed On each, are sold at
half the price of the former; they are confidently recommended
as very superior articles, being entirely free from those silicious
or rather adamantine partic'es, which, unfortunatelylfor reasons
which cannot be explained in the compass of an advertisement,
it. is now impossible entirely to avoid in the others, though,
from the expensive nature of their production, they are neces-
sarilv charged at a higher rate. To avoid spurious imitations,
by the frequent occurrence of which Brookman and Langdon,
in common with all manfacturers of celebrated articles, hare
suffered considerably in reputation, purchasers are advised to
stake choice of the most respectable shops, and to be on their
guard against articles offered as best drawing Pencils, at a re-
duced price.
Pencils made to order, at any price.
Manufact ory, 28, Great It tissell- street, Bloomsbury, London.
1N1.13._....A1l communications .by post to be pre-paid.

CAPTURE •OF A FRENCH SMUGGLING
Uric:ult.—On Saturday at half-past one, P.M. the Cameleon
revenue cutter, commanded by Lieut. Shairp, R.N., observed,
whilst cruising off Portland, a large French- lugger, of sus-
picious appearance, then about fifteen miles from land, anal
made all sail in pursuit. After a smart chase of upwards of fifty
miles, which lasted five hours, the smuggler wag compelled to
heave to and surrender. During the chase she threw the whole
of her cargo overboard, which must have been upwards of 200
four-gallon tubs of French spirits of brandy ; fourteen only
were picked up by the Camelion, the remainder of course arc
entirely destroyed. She proved to be the Augustaine, Simon
master, of Chem bourg ; is almost a new vessel, and is known to
be one of the fastest tuggers out of that port, and her capture
may alone be fairly attributed to the superior sailing qualities of
the Cameleon. Her crew consisted of five Frenchmen and one
Englishman. She was brought into the harbour on Monday
last, and will be forfeited. The Frenchmen are liberated,
having been taken out of the bounds of limitation a; described
by law. The Englishman, William Champ, is in custody, and
will undergo au examination. Ile is somewhat unfortunate,
this being his third capture, and on each occasion he has fallen
into the hands of Lieut. Shairp.—Dorset County Chronicle.
SHOCKING ACCIDENT.-011 Friday evening
inquest was held at the St. George's Hospital, on the body of a
journeyman glazier, named 'Milner. Deceased, on the tith of
April, was cleaning the second-floor windows of a house, situate
No. 41, Hertford-street, Mayfair, when he 1-nissed his hold of
the sash, and fell on the area railings, a spike of which pene-
trated completely the fleshy part of the left thigh, and held
him impaled until disengaged. Mr. Gascoyne, the house sur-
geon, said deceased was admitted with a fracture of the hone
of the left thigh, and
will,a severe wound passing througlie
h a
faire mass of the
principal inuceles the fractured limb.
went on ;la until a week before his death, which took place
on the 7th inst., from the effects of the injuries caused by the
fall. Verdict, " Accidental Death,"

Upon a careful examination of each of these places,
by land and by sea, aided by the boats of the African,
and the surveys recently executed by Captain Beechey,
Commander Robinson, and Lieutenant Sherringham, we
found that a better harbour could be constructed at
Holyhead, and at a leis expense, than at either of the
other places. That from the nature of the coast about
Holyhead, and the absence of rivers in its vicinity, a
harbour formed there would not be likely to fill up ;4,
whereas the other bays being faced by high precipitous
cliffs of loose earth and sand, and washed daily by a
long ebb charged with the sands of the Dee and Mersey
in one case, and with the silt and sand of the Menai in
the other, there would be great probability of any har-
bour constructed at either of them being rendered so
shallow by the enclosure of a space for that purpose,
and by the obstruction of the current which now scours
the bays, that it would shortly be available only for
vessels of small draft of water. At Porthdynllaen,
especially, we are of opinion that this would take place
earlier, from the falling away of the range of cliffs of
loose sand which overlook the bay, and rise precipitously
from the high-water mark, to the height of 120 feet ;t
and that any harbour constructed in this bay would
require these cliffs to be partly faced with masonry,
to prevent the mischievous effects of this evil, all of
which would add materially to the expense. Or if,
in order to obviate this, it were proposed to build a
breakwaker, and allow the tide to rush through the
anchorage and the sound, the harbour would be greatly
inconvenienced by the current, and; always subject to
a heavy ground swell ; and as the outer end of the
breakwater would have to be carried into very deep
water, and the stone for its formation to be water-
borne, the expence of this fabric alone would far ex-
ceed that of all the contemplated works at Holyhead.
Porthdynllaen also is particularly deficient in accom-
modation for buildings of any description ; and if at any
period it should be required to combine with the packet
station an establishment for effecting the repairs of the
packets and their machinery, which it is extremely de-
sirable to do, it could not be conveniently done at
Porthdynllaen, as the buildings there would either have
to be erected upon the beach at high water mark, and
the sea to be walled out, or be perched upon cliffs of
sand 120 feet above it, and all the heavy work of the
yard to be carried up and down the face of the cliff
along inclined roads.
In accommodation of this nature, Holyhead is so pre-
eminently superior to either of the other places, that it
is only rrecssary to allude to the Government estab-
lishment already there, and the ample space of Crown
land adjoining the yard, for the extension of these works,
if it should hereafter be thought advisable, either from
the increase of the packet establishment, or the exigen-
cies of a war ; and there is also a capacious dock at
Holyhead, for the reception of the packets, whenever
their copper may require to be examined, or their
bottoms repaired. But above all, we must not omit to
notice the great advantage which would be derived from
tie present harbour, which, although too confined for
large steamers, would form a distinct and most acceptable
asylum for the numerous coasters, sometimes amounting to
upwards of .50 t at a time, which continually seek shelter
from gales and.adverse winds, and thus rid the packet
port at Holyhead of an inconvenience which, unless
provided against, would be ,seriously felt at either of the
other stations ; a consideration of much importance,
both as it may affect the accommodation of the packets,
or the size and expense of the works to be undertaken.
All these advantages in favour of any particular spot
are, we admit, of minor -importance compared with the
expeditious dispatch of the mails across the Channel ;
and we have to assure their Lordships that we should
not have bestowed a moment's time upon them, had
not the great object of our inquiry been decidedly in
favour of the place possessing these advantages.
Having come to the conclusion that Holyhead is in
every respect the most fit and eligible situation for a
packet station, in connection with that of Kingstown,
and stated it as our opinion that it will be requisite to
construct a new harbour at the first-mentioned place,
for the reception of large class steamers, we proceed to
observe that we have seriously weighed and considered
this matter, and have the honour to transmit to their
Lordships a plan, in .vhich the proposed works are de-
lineated.
By that plan, it will be seen, that we propose to ex--
tend the present pier about SOO feet in a north-easterly
direction, and to face it on the northern side, and ren-
der it in every way convenient for the packets steaming
alongside it to receive and land their mails and passen-
gers, and to project a rubble pier from the northern
extremity of Salt Island, so as to
enclose about a square
quarter of a mile of water, varying in depth from about
16 to 24 fact, at low water spring tides. There will
thus be left an opening of 450 feet between the pier
heads, upon the northern one of which it will be neces-
sary to place a light-house : and as we have ascertained
that the present one, which will then be no longer re-
quired, can be readily takea down and re--!reeted, we
submit the propriety of its removal to that place.
In prescribing limits to this port, we !lave assumed
that the establishment of packets will consist of six
steamers, of the class of the Merlin and Medusa, and
have placed the piers with reference to this number,
and the space in which a vessel of this class can con-
veniently come round under steam, in order to take up
her berth.
We have thus limited . the size of the proposed
harbour to what we consider essential to the use of the
packets ; but it is evident that as soon as it is known
that there is a port upon the coast capable of receiving
ships of burden, it will be resorted to by the pasting
trade during gales and adverse winds ; and as it will
be impossible to deny access to these vessels, it appears
to,:us to be proper to mention the circumstance, in order

* As a proof of this, . the workmen employed in the
diving bell in 1831, in setting the stones round the founda-
tion of the outer part of the Northern Pier, found several
railway plates, a handninson's. haminer, and other tools
which had been lost overboard in setting the foundation
under the lighthouse in Pirl. These implements were
found lying upon the bottein, not at all buried in sand or
silt.

Both Holyhead and Porthdynllaen are particularly
conspicuous, ftom the remarkable mountains in their
vicinity ; but from some cause, probably from their in-
creased elevation and vicinity .to the great Caernarvon
range, the Rivals and the other hills about Porthdynl-
laen are seldom to be seen with southerly and westerly
winds, whereas Holyhead is scarcely ever obscured.
There is another rather important advantage upon
the Holyhead route. In running for the bay in hazy
weather, there are three lighthouses within six miles of
each other ; the Stack on the south, the Skerries on the
north, and the Picr Light in the centre of the bay, so
that it can hardly happen that a vessel will ever be at
a loss to know her position ; but in running into Caer-
narvon Bay the route from the Kish to Porthdynllaen
passes the Stack 17 miles on the north and the Bard-
sey 14 miles on the south ; besides which, the Bard-
say is shut in several miles before a vessel approaches
the coast about Porthdynllaen.
We come lastly to the form of the shore, and, as
immediately connected with that questlon, the confi-
dence which an officer feels in running for his port.
Holyhead, from its prominent situation in the
Channel, and without any dangers about it, may be run
for at any time with the greatest safety ; and if, by
chance, it should be passed unseen, a vessel, upon disco-
vering her error, has room to haul up north or south, as
the case may be ; and if the gale blows too hard for her
to steam against it, she may set her sails and carry off;
whereas Porthdynllaen is situated in a bay upon a long
extent of coast, which, with northward gales, form a
most dangerouo lee-shore upon which the sea heaves in
furiously, from the contrary titles along it, and the pre-
vailing in-shore stream running against the prevailing
wind. With a gale blowing upon this shore it is ne-
cessary to observe the utmost caution in approaching
it, and to be quite certain of making the port (sup-
posingonc to be formed there), for in the event of missing
it, and in a vessel that could not steam against the gale,
inevitable destruction would await her. Although such
such a contingency as this does not, by any means, con-
stitute an insuperable objection to the Porthdynllaen
route, yet it, nevertheless, appears to us to be a sub-
stantial reason for refusing to bestow upon it a choice,
when no such necessity exists. Liverpool and other
places, at times, unquestionably form as dangerous a
lee-shore as Porthdynllaen ; but the consequences of
this is, that the packets• frequently ease their engines to
lia-to till daylight, a delay scarcely ever known upon the
Holyhead line.
The letters of the officers now employed upon this
station, and of Lieutenant Davies, ho was fourteen
Years in command of one of the packets, and copies of
'which are annexed to this Report, will show the confi-
dence they have always felt in running for Holyhead
under the most difficult circumstances, and the neces-
sity there is for this feeling in order to insure the requi-
s:ta dispatch of the mails. If this cannot be established,
—if a vessel, by a slight error in the course, is liable to
be stranded upon sands before she has run four-fifths of
her distance,—or if there is any doubt of rnaing her
port and of saving the vessel in the event of. her miss-

t Taken from Lieutenant Sherringliarn's plan.
# See the Report of Mr. Evans, hal butr-master.

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SUNDAY.

irg it,—the transmission of the mails will be rendered
uncertain, and, in fact, taeir delivery will be affected by
every gale that blows.

From this minute investigation of the question of the
passages, we have been so strongly impressed with the
advantages of the Holyhead line, that we have, at the
commencement of our Report, ventured to speak warmly
in its favour ; and we think, that when large and fast
steamers are put upon this station, that the mails will
not only be remarkable for the regularity of their de-
livery, but the average length of the passage across the
Channel will be reduced to five hours and a quarter.
(Signed) JAMES A. GORDON, Rear• Admiral.
F. W. BEECHEY, Captain.
Holyhead, January 14, 1840.
I 111

PROVEMENT IN STEAMERS

TO THE EDITOR OF TILE SUN.
Sin—Although greatly averse to intrude on your
columns, I request you will allow me to make a few
observations on a letter inserted in The Sun of the 21st
inst., headed " Improvements in Steamers." From the
ignorance exhibited by the writer, many might think it
unnecessary to take any notice it, but I consider it may be
; better to correct him a little, and make him more cautious
for the future. In the first place, the patents for
our " Improvements in propelling vessels" were ob-
tained about two months before the publication of his
letter. This " fact"is rather unfortunate for him, as to
the invention being " originally" his. The claim he
also makes as to the " original discovery of the prin-
ciple" is truly !udicrous ; but probably he may be in-
duced to resign the benefit of " his discovery" to the
public, and the value of it may then be ascertained.
He his, however, made some more blunders, which may
be noticed. We make no claim to being the first in-
ventors of a method for propelling vessels without paddle-
wheels ; we know of patents for propelling without
paddle-wheels upwards of twenty years ago, and pro-
bably twenty other patents for the same object. As no
description is given in the notice you inserted of our
improvements, it is rather inconceivable how he can
state, " Now the filet is, the invention is originally
mine," and " was published by me in a letter to the
Limerick Chrome& of the 11th of May last." Our
patents being granted two months before that time, he
will find his " right of disposal" rendcred null, so far
as refers to them. But it may be fair to refer to his
: he says in his letter, "it occurred to me that
ships may ba propelled by the agency of hydraulic or
aquatic pressure. In the progress of a steam-vessel, a
current of water is produced on each of her sides by
the concussion oilier paddle-wheels. To this necessary
effect I would propose that the current should be pro-
duced through the body of the vessel. The action of
the common syphon represents, in sonic degree, lay
idea. Probably the aid of a small steam engine and
forcing pump might be required !!" Pet haps " his dis-
covery," or " invention," will enable him to propel ships
with something like " the action of the common sy-
phon," and " by the agency of hydraulic or aquatic pres-
sure," probably without" the aid of a small steam engine
or force pump." This, and the rest of the letter, is to
me so perfectly unintelligible, that I must plead inabi-
lity to comprehend it. He may be assured, however,
that I shall not " dispute the profits of his invention,"
nor would I presume to compete with such an " original"
inventor.—l am, Sir, your's, &e.
JOHN
Edinburgh, 25th April, 1840. RUTH YEN.
[The duplicate of this letter, formerly sant, never
reached us.]

DELIVERY OF LETTERS ON

A meeting was got up hist week in Norwich, to
adopt resolutions against the delivery of letters on the
Sunday in that city and other country towns. The re-
quisitionists, however, were beaten three or four to one,
an amendment having been carried to the following
effect :

" That it is the opinion of this meeting that every
endeavour should be used for the better observance of
the Sabbath in this city, by abstaining from all wordly
business and unnecessary labour, and from all places
of public amusement and recreation, and that the Sab-
bath should be employed in the performance of religious
duties, and works of necessity, charity, and mercy. At
the same time this meeting deems the delivery of let-
ters from the Post-office to ho essential to the public
convenience and comfort, and which delivery does not
and ought not to interfere with the high and important
duties connected with the institution of the Christian
Sabbath. This meeting, therefore, deprecates any at-
tempt to interfere with the present regulations of the
Post-office delivery, except so far as any practical alte-
ration may be suggested for the greater convenience of
the parties who are employed therein:"
In the course of the proceedings the following letter
was read from the Bishop of Norwich :
" 38, Lower Brook-street, April 22, 1840.
" D.mr Sir— No one can be more anxious than my-
self to promote a due observance of the Sabbath, and
every judicious and rational mode of effecting it will ever
meet my sanction and warm approbation. I must, how-
ever, cordially confess that there are some objection-
able consequences Which may be anticipated from
an unqualified adoption of the prayer of your petition.
For instance, in how many cases of sickness, or various
domestic events, exciting deep interest, might not even
the most religious individual regret that he was pre-
cluded from availing himself of intelligence which he
had every reason to believe was within reach at the
Post-office. At the same time, respecting as I do the
object and motives of the subscribers, and the high
characters of many of them known to me, I cannot
object to aid my name, which you will oblige me by
annexing ; and if a meeting should, in consequence of
the petition, take place, may I request you to read this
letter, expressive of my sentiments on the subject.
" I remain, your's respectfully,
" E. NORWICH.
" John Skipper, Esq., Norwich."