The Sun.
London, England, 1824-08-23 00:00:00

DUTCH. AND HAAILIWIGII MAILS.

Sr. Ps rr;usttunrx, JULY 31.—The Government has now
received official information of the favourable measures which
the Porte has adopted. for the advintage of the Russian ships
that sail to a port in the Levant.
They are under the special protection of the Porte ; and
so long as there ate no Russian Consuls in the Turk.
ish ports, the Russian subjects are to apply for certifi.
elites to the Austrian or French Consuls. Russian ships com-
ing from the Mock Sea may proceed without hindrance into
the Archipelago, and are not subject to be visited ;' but if they
come from the Mediterranean or the Archipelago to a Turkish
port, they are subject to the regulations laid- down for ships
of all nations.- The day before yesterday Was. the funeral of
the late Lieutenant-General -Belancourt. The senior of our
Generals, Prince Virolchousky, General of Infantry, died the
same flay.
CunisnixrA, A via. 2.—Their Royal Highnesses the Crown
Prince and Princess arrived here yesterday evening in good
health.
SYnevartmst, AUG. Excellency Count Von Essen,
forMerly Otivernor.General of Pomerania, died lately at Utl.
dewaller, (where he went for the benefit of sea bathing), in
the 69111 year-of his age.
The ,Yrate Gazette of the tith announces that his Majesty
has approved •the suppression of the rilmrnnui Journal, ordered
by the Chancellor.
It appeal% by late accounts, that only fifty-nine houses were
burnt at Macstrand. The Insurance Company has to pay only
60,000 rix dollars.
HAstu u atm, AUG. 12.—The English ship Charlotte, Cap.
tam .Stevenson„. which catnelust year to the Elbe front Bombay
direct, and which, on account of its size could not come up to
the city, has made another voyage to India and back within the
year, anti has arrived again in the Elbe. •
UEIIII%IIEII6, Aura. 7.—The folio wing particulars have
transpired relative to M. Von Monger, formerly Chief of the
Police at Cassel :—M. You Monger was a- man very touch
given to extravagance, and it wan chiefly to find means to pro.
vide for his great expenditure; that he continually invented con
• spiracies, because, under the pretext of tracing them,.he oh.
tamed the command of considerable sums of money, under the
head of secret service money, which he applied to his own use.
Besides which be carried on a traffic with all the officers in his
depurrtnent. Thus•• for instance, he sold theplace of Secre.
tary-General for 6,1)00 dollars, to a man who was afterwards
his eccomplice, and in the %equal gave important information
respecting his cr»ninal intrigues. •• After Ins eentence•Was pro-
nounced, he was conducted to the fortress of Spangeenburg,
under an escort of a strong detachment .of the same gen-
d'armerie that formerly executed his own conmiands' and the
sequel shewed the propriety of this measure—the inhabitants
of the towns and villages through which he had to pass being
so incensed against hits, that more than one attempt to do him
violence was made.
Basta» aux, Nun. 14.—Some changes have been made in
the tariff of customs in Sweden. Roasted coffee ie not to he
imported in future. The regulation, by. which the importation
of French, Spanish, and Portuguese wines, as %dins rum,
could be made only from the places where they are produced,
is revoked; as I'm brandy made from grapes, and liqueurs, it
decided that they cannot be imported-Into Sweden, except from
the ports of England, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, and France,
and front those of the Mediterranean, and from ports out of
Europe. The export duties on fish and fish oil have been a
increased, &e, • •
nvivlnuno, Atm. 11._Various reports still continue to
be circulated respecting the relations of Norway and Sweden,
which, whatever may be the object of their authors, arc with.
out any sort of fimmiation. It is true that the Court of Stock.
holm has manifested much dasatisfaction at the late proceed.
Infra of the Norwegian Storthing, notwithstanding the assur-
ances given to King Charles John by the. members who com-
pose it, that it is by no means front a systematic opposition that
certain Royal propositions, for instance, that of the absolute
veto, have been rejected. Nevertheless his Swedish Majesty
persists in-the opinion, that by maintaining the relative veto as
it now is, there will always be an infringement of the Alonarchi-
cal principle ; since, in certain cases, the Monarch is excluded
from all participation in the legislature. It was, however, af-
firmed at Stockhohn, that one of the most influential Members
of the Cabinet had taken upon hiin'the office of' entering a ne-
gociation, on the absolute Veto, with the principal Deputies of
the Norwegian Diet.-

liAttastms,- Auu. 16—Mr. Huskisnon, M.P. Treasurer of
the Navy, arrived in this city yesterday with his family coming
from the klague: _ . . . _ _

His illajtetiy.. the King arrived at the Hague on the 11th.
VIENNA, 11110. 7.—hlnuy letters from Italy •ittly that the
Austrian troops will continue to occupy the kingdom of the
Two Sicilies till the beginning of next year only, unless un-
fin-seen events should render it necessary for them to remain
longer in that country. Their Majesties the Emperor of Aus-
tria-and the King of Naples will have an interview, it is said,
next winter, and Prince .Aletternich anti the Chevalier di Me-
dici will agree in their conference whether the evacuation shell
take place at the above-mentioned time or sot. It is affirmed
that General Primont is going to he appointed to an important
military post in Austria. No successor in his command of the
army of occupation is spoken of: it it at present confided to
Prince Philip of Hesse Homburg. The Austrians, as we hear,
occupy. at present all the Neapolitan ports,' and exercise the
strictest vigilance with respect to all vessels that arrive or de-
part : fur the purpose, as it seems, of preventing, a.. 1 much as
possible, all communications with the Greeks, and with the
provinces famerly belonging to the Turks where they are now
masters. A thing that cannot be doubted is, that Austria is
of all nations that which most zealously opposes all intercourse
with Greece, and it acts accordingly, not only in its own
possessions, but in all those countries where it exercises any in-

fluence.
VIENNA, Amt. 7. —The damage done by the late inunda-
tions in Bohemia, caused by the long continued rains, to build-
ings, meadows, gardens, bridges owl dykes, is estimated in the
circle of liadare3t, at :130,000 florins, in that at Kauzine at
above 500,000, and in that of Poison at nearly 260,00 florins,
exclusive of the loss arising from the carrying away of the earth
'from the fields, and the covering the meadows with sand and
stones to the depth of Several feet. •
Swi wit u Lamp, Auo, fl.---Our Papers give a frightful de-
scription of the ravages caused by a hail storm, which desolated
great part of the county of Argovia on the 30th of July.

TIIE COLONIES.

CANADA.

[From the Quebec Go-attes of the 12th and 15th July.]
QUEBEC, .ItLY 12, 1824.

GEN ER AL ELECTION.

The Parliament of this Province is dissolved
by Proclamation, (kited the 6th instant;• and it is qotifietl, in
the same document, that Writs for the Election of a new As-
sembly were to be issued on the 10th, and be returnable, for
all places except lissiA, on the 20th August, and for Gaspd on
the Ist October next.

The House of Assembly of the eleventh Provincial. Parlia-
ment was elected in virtue of writs returnable on the 25th July
and 12th September, 1820. By the Constitutional Act the
duration of the Assembly is limited to four years, which are
nearly expired. The dissolution always takes place on the
issuing of new writs:
According to the regular course of the duration of the Assem-
blies, the new Parliament ought to be the ninth instead of the
twelfth, which is accounted for by three premature dissolu-
tions ; two of which happened during the administration of Sir
James Henry Craig, and one at the death of his late Majesty
George 111.
• The present Constitution of the Canadas has been in force
only thirty-two years; a period hardly to be counted in the
existence of a people and their institutions. During these thirty-
two years various jarring* and difficulties in the operation of
the (;onstitution have occurred ; they were perhaps inseparable
from the passage of a country from the Government of a few,
(a form essentially arbitrary although tempered by the freedom
of the country, upon which that few was dependent for their
power), to a Government in which the body of the people have
a share. The progression to the new state of things has, how-
ever, been invariable. Thirty-two years ago, the population of
the .province did not perhaps exceed 150,000 ; it is now pro-
bably 000,000; sixty or seventy vessels arriving annually in the
St. Lawrence, carried on the whole external trade of the country,
which now occupies nearly 800 ships. The trade was in so few
handl, that it almost amounted to a monopoly ; it is now re-
gulated by an extensive competition. The inhabitants of the
Colony having, legally, had no voice in its general concerns,
took little interest in what was going on. There were only two
Newspapers in the'whole extent of the Canaries; there are now
twenty ; there was not probably a school in ten parishes ; there
is now one for every two or three parishes, notwithatanding all
the obstacles which have existed. The Freeholders would not
attend the elections of their Representatives. Two angry dis-
solutions, the imprisonment of sonic Members of the Assembly,
and several warmly contented General Elections, brought al-
most every voter to the polls, and spread generally, although
no doubt sometimes erroneous notions of Representative Go-
vernment. It was soon understood that it was an important pri-
vilege, that no new laws could be made, no old laws altered, or
taxes imposed, without the consent of Representatives freely
chosen by the body of the community. The late attempt to
alter the established Constitution, in a way to affect that pri-
vilege, and the almost unanimous opposition which it experi-
enced throughout the Province, shows how deeply the Consti-
tution has taken root ; for although that opposition has been
attempted to be accounted for, as was the case in the old Colo-
nies, by prejudice and the arts of a few factious leaders, in the
one case as well as in the other, had such persons existed,
they must have. been indebted for their success to u general
feeling among the people, of a real interest in opposing the
proposed measure.
• Every day, every event gives new vigour to the system of free
Government, which the justice and liberality of a British king
and a British• Parliament have established by law in Canada.—
It is now indestructible for ages in its constitutional channel,
its course will be placid and beneficent; impeded, it (will swell
and burst forth, carrying along with it a terrible but temporary
desolation. The natural *Woof society in America, the equal
distribution of landed property,
which is even grater in this
country than in any other part of this continent with which we
are acquainted, would have at length introduced here a system
of free Government. Where men are independent of each
other foil the supplying of their necessary wants, there is no
Mode of governing them for any length of time, but by the
public opinion of the conimon interests, founded on that sense
of justice which is so general amongst all mankind : this is
free Government. The population must he consulted, they
must have recognised modes of expressing their opinions, and
of giving them weight; this Is the British Constitution, and the
Constitution under which the Electors of the province are now
called upon to choose those whom they are willing to trust with
the exercise of their constitutional powers for the ensuing four
years.
No one has aright to doubt their discretion in a matter which
so closely concerns them, and of which the law makes them the
exclusive judges. It is one of the advantages of the repreeenta-
tivesystema
iiiitioitstet:,eho peilovpeleanairog
are generally
and have been long
judges of the
character
known. Indeed•in this respect they seldom, if ever, err._
'% shall conclude this article by an extract from an old Eng-
lish Constitutional writer, as expressing a correct opinion of
one essential requisite of a representative body:—
" There is nothing ought to be so dear to the Commons of
Great Britain as a Free Parliament, that is, a House of Com-
cieFzieoensin; their
Freein Persons;theiDi Free
rsnii
Returns
idhie
et;irsnit
net Estates;
mons every Way free and independent either of the Lords or
T.rignei s
trly
rdt-
Assembling ; Free in their Speeches,
Lions ;
Free to complain of Offenders Free in their Prosecu-
tions for Offence* ; and therein Free from the Pear or Influence
of others, how great soever ; Free to guard against the In-
croachments of arbitrary Power ; Free to preserve the Liberties
and Properties of the subject; and yet Free to part with a share
of those Properties, when necessary for the service of the public.
Nor •can he be justly esteemed a Representative.of the People
of Britain, who does not sincerely endeavour to defend their
just Rights and Liberties against all Invasions whatsoever."

Ec rmisEs.—There have lately been two Eclipses, the one of
the Sun, the other of the Moon, both visible in this latitude.—
That of the moon occurred on Saturday night last, and was very
distinctly seen ; the portion of the moon eclipsed was about one
digit and a half, or a little more than one-eighth putt of its disk.
An Eclipse of the Sun,- in which n less proportion of its disk
than in the Moon wasobscured, occurred on the 26th ultimo.—
It commenced 26 minutes before sun-setting, and the Sun sunk
below the horizon while eclipsed. The cloudy weather did not
permit it to be seen at Quebec.
We have had for sonic time past in this City a company of
players, who had been acting at Montreal during last winter.—
Mr. Judah and his wife, who are the principal, 'have appeared
to considerable advantage in several characters. The encou-
ragement they receive, however, is but little.
!qr. West, with his troop of Equestrians, has leased a vacant
lot of ground in the rear of Mr. Mailhot's Hotel, where he in-
tends to erect a circus, -and is soon expected.
The Lapraire steam-boat went down yesterday morning to
Berthier, on the south shore, a distance of about 25 miles, and
returned in the evening. The day was very fine, and there were
about 139 passengers, who were well
.pleased with the beautiful
scenery of the river. Mr. I'onsy, Marchand of this city, while
amusing himself in the fields at Berthier, unfortunately broke
his leg a little above the uncle.
We' are told that M. Gener, who was lately President of the
Spanish Cortex, has arrived at AlailhOt's Hotel in this city.
We understand that Hobert Christie, Esq. advocate
_of this
city, has been appointed Chairman of the Quarter Sessions of
the inferior_district of Gaspe.
NEW STICAM-IIOAT CIIAMILY.—This boat arrived here
yesterday, morning from (;humbly which she left on Monday,
and towed from Lake St. Peter, the Brig Indian, (built at
Montreal last whiter) which InufgroUnded there. The Chem-
bly is u large boat, being 153 feet in length on deck, and 39
feet beam, with a fifty-horse power engine, but drawing only
three feet, which is necessary to enable her to navigate the shal-
low water of the River Richelieu. Her model is a beautiful
one, and we are told that she sails very well.
Another boat, it will be recollected, is buildineor the same
navigation by Mr. Kuper who was a proprietor of the Steam-
boat I)essallabery, which was destroyed by fate near this city
in 1023.
Mr. Molson, with the spirit of enterprprize, to which the
Province is much indebted, has erected a large and commodi-
ous Hotel at Chambly, nod a now wharf and extensive stores
have been commenced, and will soon be completed.
COUNTERFEIT BANK -NoTEn.—A spurious Fifty Dollar
Bill of the Bunk of Canada, was passed yesterday at Mr. Old-
scamp's Retail Boot and Shoe Store, by a young woman when
buying a pair of shoes. In the course of the day,-the Bill, upon
being offered fur payment, was refused ; the woman was looked
for and found, when she alleged that she had received it front
an American, one Danwartz, at the Cove. Constables pro-
ceedeti to the CeVe, and a search was made in town, both with.
out effect. The lodgings of the individual, we are told, were
discovered in TOwn, but he had gone oil' in the day with a
woman of bid character. The woman who passed the Bill
bears a bail character, and is now in custody.
A brig called the New Packet war launched yesterday morn-
ing from Messrs. Sheppard and Campbell's ship yard at Wolf's
Cove. _

Auaus•r liS..—To this date 3211 ships have entered inwards,
and 220 outwards, from the Port of Quebec.
MO tent EAT, JULY o.—(Church Robbery.) —ln .addition
to the robbery of the church of this city and the one at Long
Point, which we formerly mentioned, we have to record ano-
ther thfit happened last week at the village of St. Laurent.—
The church of that place *as entered and all the valuable
articles of silver plate which it contained were stolen, amongst

which was a silver lamp (valued about 701.) containing the s a
cred oil. _ _ _

The new steam boat Climbly, lately built by Mr. Molson,
took a trip down the river a few days ago, for the purpose of
exercising her engine, find ascertaining its powers.
.She re-
turned to this place with the most perfect ease? and we under-
stand that the proprietors are fully satisfied with her perform-
ances in the clement for which she was miginally destined.
FAsitIoNAULE Altitivni.s.—We are glad to See our usual
,summer routine of fashionable ,visitors have ,begun to make
their annual appearance—atl‘fiildktliat the Maosion-House
still retains its attractions as theft stopping place in this city.—
Among others who have appeared within the last week, we
find the following names :—Major Wlntosh, Captain Ferri-
court, Captain Brown, Lord Arthur Lennox, (on his way to
visit Lady Sarah Maitland, his relative), Captain Jordan, Mr.
De Bresson, and Mr. Copal. Our limits will not admit our
enumerating many others.
UPPER CANADA—NinoanA, JuNE23.

The Kinston U. C. Chronicle has become the property of M r.
James M`Farlane, its late Editor._ '

Arrived yesterday, from Quebec, (on board the Kingston
Packet, Buckett, Master, from York), His Excellency Sir P.
Maitland, Lieut.-Governor. On his arrival a salute was tired
from Fort George.—His Excellency proceeded immediately to
his country seat.