The Sun.
London, England, 1824-11-05 00:00:00

THE LONDON JOURNALS.

DA MY
Patraets from the Morning Papers, Nov. 6.

[MORNING POST.I
It appears from the New Tariff of Duties, sub-
mitted on the 22d ult. by the King of the Ne-
therland, to the Second .Chamber of the States-
General, that the laws of that country, relative
tothe import and export of Grain, have hitherto
been framed on principles very different from
these which the present distresses of its agricul-
tural classes have brought into vogue. The ob-
ject of former enactments was to keep corn cheap
by heavy duties on the export of that species of
produce, and comparatively low duties on its im-
port. The project recently presented to the Second
Chamber of the States is intended, partially and
gradually, to reverse this policy, and render corn
dear. The import duty on Wheat, Rye, Bar-
ley, and, Oats is accordingly augmented, and
h*ed at 24 florins the " last" on the first-15
ditto on the second-12 ditto on the third—and
seven ditto on the 4th : while the export duty on
the same article is reduced, and fixed respective-
ly at 20y 15, 20, and 10 florins per " last." It is
likewise worthy remark, that the King proposes
to reserve to himself, in case of the new law being
adopted, to reduce the augmented duty on
these four kinds of grain, " in proportion as the
circumstances which have given occasion to the
present increase, shall undergo any changes."—
We hence think it may be justly concluded that
public opinion► in the Netherlands has been,
and is decidedly in favour of cheap corn,
although to conciliate temporarily the suffer-
ing agriculturists, the Government is obliged to
modify, but only modify, the tariff heretofore in
' operation. 'We are thus particular in pointing
out the motive and hearing of the late project,
-because a contemporary has unfairly affected to
turn it into ridicule, by asserting that the King
inconsistently recommends in one and the same
breath an import and export duty on grain.
That, notwithstanding the new tariff, there will
be such duties, no one certainly can deny ; but
if the amount of augmentation in the one case be
added to the amount of reduction in the other, it
must appear that considerable encouragement (so
far as such regulations have power to encourage
or do otherwise) to the agriculturists of the
Netherlands, is given and intended to be given
4y the Decree. Still we cannot withhold from
our view the wish which stares through the whole
proceeding, to preserve bread and the other
necessaries of life immediately derived from the
soil at a moderate price. The advisers of King
William are too well aware how indispensable a
. Constituent in national prosperity is cheap food,
to run the risk of eventually sacrificing it even to
relieve the severe distresses which for a time
afflict the landed interest. The lesson, we are
sure, will be duly attended to by this country
and Government. Bread is now rapidly advanc-
ing here in price, although much old and da-
maged flour is palpably mixed up with several de-
leterious ingredients besides, in the article baked
for the use of the lower and middle classes, and
sold something under what is termed "full
price." There is further a confident expectation
that before Christmas the quality of a (portent
loaf, which this week sells for 10d. (and but a
few weeks back sold for 8(1.) will have risen to a
shilling ; while butchers' meat, and every other
produce of land necessary to existence, will of
course keep pace with the rate of bread. Should
we then calmly look on at. these alarming symp-
toms, and let scarcity proceed till our manufac-
tures are driven back, on account of their dear-
ness, from foreign markets, and a vast portion of
the community once more ‘4 knocked idle," and
ready, from absolute want, to join in any wild
scheme of sedition which evil disposed persons
many think proper to propound ? The Con-
tinent is a natural granary, in the actual
state of Europe, for the supply of this
country, and by purchasing the corn of
our neighbours, we at the same moment
net only Macaw the number of our foreign
customers for British goods, • but we preserve
to ourselves a monopoly of their ptoduc-
tion. So important an opportunity ought not
to be lost. The Landed Interest itself would
eventually profit by some modification of the Corn
Laws ; for, while they continue, we cannot hope
to escape a round of extraordinary enhancements
and extraordinary depressions of price. Let this
most essential portion of the public reflect, that
the distresses which they laboured under twolhilr
three years back, mainly resulted in consequence
of the distresses from want of foreign markets,
which our manufacturers just before endured.

[tRLITISII PRESS.]
The accounts from Peru are somewhat dis-
cordant. in some of them, Olaneta is repre-
pented as still acknowledging, to a certain extent,
the authority of the Viceroy La Serna, by paying
him a certain monthly contribution towards the
expences of the war. Valdei is stated to be in ill
health ut Arequipa, and the jealousy between that
General and Cantarac is stated to have reduced
tife Viceroy to the necessity of consulting thorn
`both on a very important measure, lest, either
of them should secede from his duty. From
other quarters we bear that Valdez was marching
with a considerable force against Olaneta,. who
had publicly renounced his subjection to the King
.of Spain. Whatever may be the true state of the
intestine dissensions amongst the Royalists, it
.seems to be agreed that Bolivar was advancing
froin TruXillo towards Lima, at the head Of en
army 14,000 strong, which, when the reinforce-
meta§ 'should join it, would consist of upwards
of 18,000 effective men. Ile was, at the date of
ha last Accounts, at Xuuxa or Jauja (the sound
0 the ..aintie in Spanish) within three leagues of
; and the Royalists, afraid to risk-a battle,
..tv'ere._retrest.ing before him.
Itt one letter it is said,
Wat the SpaniSh authorities had withdrawn them-
selies for safety to .the fortress of .Callao, but;
there thely are certainly not out of the reach of
:Ahingerois: part of the garrison had lately mu-'
tinled, with the. design of surrendering the place
to the Colombians. The power of the Spaniards
cannot endure much longer in Peru. If the