The Sun.
London, England, 1847-10-26 00:00:00

lfliflj

LONDON, TUESDAY. OCTODER 26, 1847.

The Act of 1844 has been weighed in the balance
and found wanting. The predictions of the London
bankers have been completely verified. That influ-
ential class (with the single exception of Messrs.
JONES LOYD and Co.) stated their apprehensions
" that the absolute limitation of the issue to
14,000,0001., without any power of expansion being
reserved, whether that amount be in itself a proper
amount or not, will create a general feeling of un-
easiness throughout the country, and by preventing
the satisfactory reception of the measure, will deprive
the scheme of many of the advantages it possesses
and interfere with its success." We believe that
few can now be found with sufficient hardihood to
deny that it has had that effect, and that the
present panic, which has caused :such wide-spread
ruin and general distress, has been chiefly, if not
altogether, occasioned by the knowledge that no power
whatsoever was reserved to the Bank of extending
its issues, no matter how great the emergency, or
how pressing the necessity for such a step. The
Act is now ainit'al even by the most throrough-
going bullionists to have proved a failure. It has
proved wholly inadequate to carry out the objects
for which it was enacted, and the Act of 1819 will
be abrogated in consequence of the injurious working
of the subsequent measure, which was passed in
order to guard against the possibility of any
dereliction from its principle, to secure its perma•
nence and perpetuity. The repeated fluctuations in
the value of m)ney, the periodical depreciation in the
price of produce and property of every description,
proved the injustice and impolicy of that Act, and the
accuracy of the opinions of the merchants of London,
embodied in their petition to the House of Lords
against the resumption of cash pay ments, to which
we
referred in The Sun last week;,but the increased
stringency of the Act of 1844, which imposed further
restrictions upon our trade and cominerce, and cast
impedimenta
possibility
the w
additionalclasses, im
averted
Yoa the productive
the o
that rellef which
f
possibility
alone preserved the credit of
and has led, we believe, to the do nation in 18'25,
system. The Act of 1819 prevented of the entire
e
our attaining that permanent prosperity to which,
under wiser monetary laws, we might reasonably have
aspired, but the Bank, by bold and vigorous action,
was enabled to prevent the fatal results that might
otherwise have ensued. True it is, that the principle
of the measure might possibly have bean endangered
thereby ; and in 1825 it was by the merest chance
that the Bank was enabled to maintain its cash pay-
ments; and the country was within. twenty-four
hours of a state of barter, The Act of 1844 deprived

it of the power of making the attempt; where under
the former law, there should be general distress
and embarrassment, under the latter there must
have been hopeless ruin and a national bankruptcy.
Her MAJESTY'S Ministers struggled to the last
against an admission that the Act had failed. They re-
mained for a considerable period deaf to the demands
for relief that were reiterated from every part of the
country. They hoped, even against hope, that the
panic would subside, and that confidenov would be again
restored ; and they, consequently, steeled themselves
against every application for assistance, and would not
hold out even the slightest hope of any change or altera-
tion in the law that had created that panic. They
have at length admitted the fallacy ;of these hopes;
and after the property of the nation has been depre-
ciated to the extent of five hundred millions sterling,
or nearly two-thirds of the national property—after
mercantile firms of the highest character, and almost un-
bounded credit, acquired during many years of business,
had been forced to bend to the storm, and to suspend
payment from want of the usual facilities for carrying
on their operations—after factories were closed, and
productive
*employment was gradually taken away
from the operatives—and, finally when the honour
and integrity of the British name had become tarnished
in other lands, and British credit had been so far
depreciated, that bills on England were no longer
acceptable on the foreign exchanges, and that pay-
ment should be made in specie for what we might
still require,—the Government at length came to
the conclusion " that the time had arrived when they
ought to attempt, by some extraordinary and tempo-
rary measures, to restore confidence to the mercantile
and manufacturing community." Few will be dis-
posed to assert that this conclusion was prematurely
arrived at, or that matters could still be permitted to
take their course, and to await the deliberations of
the Legislature assembled at the usual period. We
believe that the late Premier, the parent and
author of the measure, was himself aware of
the absolute necessity for its suspension,

and that he was an assenting party thereto. Under
any circumstances the fate of the measure is now
sealed. It cannot be consistently maintained by
those 'who have consented to its suspension. Sir
ROBERT PEEL felt that if the corn-laws were once
suspended by order in Council, that they could never
again be renewed. He had been blamed for not
taking that decided step when he admitted the urgency
of the crisis, and the propriety cf the alteration ; but
he excused himself, because it was more constitutional
to allow the Legislature to decide whether the prin-
ciple they had formerly affirmed should still
be maintained, or for ever abolished, and if
even a temporary relaxation had taken place,
it could never be re-established ; and he was
so far right. It would be impossible to induce those
who had even for a few short months had a free
and unrestricted trade again to submit to the
doctrines of protection, and the monopoly against
which they had so long and so energetically strug-
gled. The Act of 1844 is, therefore, virtually con-
demned, and can never again be put in force.
It is, however, now incumbent on the Govern-
ment to lose not a single hour in calling together
the representatives of the people to receive their
assent to the change which they have made in the
laws of the country. It is a constitutional duty.
which they owe to the nation, to take the earliest
opportunity of consulting Parliament on the pro-
priety of the alteration. Whenever a step is
taken that will require the passing of an Act
of Indemnity to justify the parties who have
trangressed the law, it should be done without a
moment's unnecessary delay. An act wholly opposed
to the principle of a measure deliberately adopted by
the Legislature has been sanctioned ; the departure
from that law should not be continued for a longer
period than until the Parliament can be got together
to review their former decision. All admit that the

necessity of the case justified the suspension of the
law, but it may form a very dangerous precedent, if
the law should remain for many months suspended
without an appeal to the only power by which it can

constitutionally he changed.
The present indulgence, too, is of so limited a cha-
racter, and imposes so high a rate of interest for
money--a rate so injurious to our merchants and
manufacturers that it constitutes an additional reason
why the opinion of Parliament should be imme-
diately taken on the matter. Eight per cent. is now
the minimum rate of discount at the Bank of Eng-
land, and that not merely for the additional sums they
are authorised to issue under the letter of the Pre-
mier and the Chancellor of the Exchequer,
but also on their entire circulation. The rate ,
has been raised at once from five-and-a-half
per cent. to eight per cent., or more than fifty
per cent. Can our commerce long sustain the burden
of such interest ? Can manufactures flourish or pro-
duction be carried on while subjected to such a
charge ? It is manifest that when the minimum rate
of the Bank is eight per cent. the public cannot hope
for accommodation from other sources at less than
ten or twelve per cent. This cannot long
be submitted to, and requires immediate attention,
We do not deny that, even with that great draw-
back, the power of issuing an unlimited quantity
of notes will be highly beneficial, and that it will
probably have the effect of restoring the confidence
that was so greatly impaired, but it is not a state in
which the nation can be kept until the ordinary
period of the assembling of Parliament. It is
hardly reasonable either that the Bank of England
should long be expoed to additional labour
and additional risk, and that the extra profit should
belong to the public, that the whole should be gra-
tuitously encountered. Let then Parliament be im-
mediately summoned. It is at the same time the
only constitutional course for the Government to
pursue, and it is that which the exigencies of the
nation most urgently requires.

Whilst the illustrious Republic, consolidated by the
military genius of WASIIINGTOX and the diplomatic
wisdom of FRANILLIN, is tarnishing the glory • of its
banner and the lustre of its reputation by a she meless
incursion upon Mexico, a melancholy spectacle is
presented to the world by the dissensions which still
continue to convulse the cantons and estrange the
confederates of the European Republic of Switzer-
land. A lust of territorial aggrandizement bras led to
those butcheries which have dyed the swore; of the
United States with the damning guilt of inhumanity,
transforming their bravest soldiers into marauders,
and their most distinguished captains into buccaneers.
The torch of religious fanaticism has, on the other
hand, ignited the inflammable sentiments of anti-
pathy which have so long been concealed under the
semblance of an indissoluble friendship. We -may be
inspired with feelings of indignation against the un-
principled ambition of Mr. President PoLx, because
we recognise in the consequences of that ambition
the agonies of Mexico and the degradation of the
United States; but in reviewing the correspondence
which has arisen between the federal canitons of
Switzerland we are disposed rather to employ the
language of regret and lamentation.
A moment's inquiry into the aircum-
stances which have led to the 'warlike
preparations of the Diet, and to the hostile• move-
ments of the seven cantons constituting the
Sonderbund, will attest the accuracy of our obser-
vation that these suicidal dissensions among Vac free
population of Switzerland have originated in religious
fanaticism. For the maintenance of a dogmatic pre-
dilection, the latter are ready to sacrifice the nselves
in the tempest and the torments of battle ; for the
gratification of a prejudice, the former are et ger to
elicit obedience from their fellow-countrymm even
at the point of the bayonet. The one is exc it ed by
the fanaticism of devotion, the other by the far ta ticism
of reform. Both have drunk deeply of the intoxica-
ting draughts of egotism ; they are exalted alLike by
the delirium of conviction—a conviction that': the
cause which they severally advocate is the one
authorised by justice, required by reason, and
sanctified by Christianity. Such are the passions
which have gradually fermented among the p es ceful
valleys and secluded mountains of the Confe-
deration—such are the jealousies which_ have
been
ee Isleoafu r;rgaed ne e
aann
Afomented
ably; e
etniai he i swi dhi oi
cubs
at first displayed itself in a sort of legislative logo-
machy has at length forsaken the harmless wea pons
of sarcasm and vituperation, and developed itse,lf in
the arming of the citizens and the enrolmen t of the
downpeas and mutually
antry.Thegauntlet has been mutually thrown
accepted; and the free citizens

of Switzerland are harnessed for the struggle—the
struggle of creed rnd discipline, not sharpened by
logic, but enforced by gunpowder.
Preparatory, however, to the crossing of the swords of
the confederates the Diet has assembled and there is an-
other chance of reconciliation. Would to Go]) that the
noble propositions contained in the Proclamation of
the cantonal authorities assembled together in this
oFederalosoms
ofD ietth"osueld fintoda congenial response in the
whom they are addressed—the
people of Lucerne, of Uri, of Schwyz, of Unterwal-
den, of Zug, of Valais, and of Friburg ! Would to
GOD that the generosity, and wibdom, and tnodera-
don which are combined in that dignified and honour-
able document to carry reason among the fastnesses
of the Sonderbund, could deprive MuLnEft, and Am-
MANN, the adventurers from Baden and Thurgovia, of
their pernicious and deplorable influence, could snatch
the wand of sacerdotal despotism from the hand of
Father Ron, the Jesuitical editor of the Kutholischi
Staatszeitung, and, by leading at once to the disso-
lution of the Sonderbund, conduce to an eternal fra-
ternization among the inhabitants of Switzerland I
The:spirit of this glorious Proclamation is conciliation;
its principle is justice; its end is legality; its senti-
ments are those of affectionate solicitude. All that is
required from Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden,
Zug, Valais, and Friburg is, the immediate disso-
lution of the Sonderbund, the expulsion of the Je-
suits from the canton of Lucerne, and the appointment
of a general commission for the revision of the federal
constitution. That the Government has a perfect right
to demand the fulfilment of these requisitions is undeni-
able. It is empowered, for example, to require the
dissolution of the Sonderbund, because the sixth pa-
ragraph in the Federal Treaty ordains that no single
cantons can enter into alliances between themselves pre-
judicial to the interests of the Confederation, or injurious
to any portion of Switzerland. The Sonderbund
comes within the meaning of such a separate alliance,
and therefore the Sonderbund should be abolished.
Secondly, the Government has a perfect right to
esist upon the expulsion of the Jesuits from

Lucerne, because it should, as the guardian

of the liberties insured by the constitu-
tion, prevent the possible monopoly of supreme power
in any political faction or ecclesiastical clique. That
such a monopoly would be not merely probable, but
certain, in the event of the continuance of the Jesuits
in Lucerne, is obvious from the:following considera-
tions Lucerne the disciples of LOYOLA exercise
supreme cantonal authority ; its citizens obey them
with the blindness of credulity and the fervour of
fanaticism ; the voice of the Jesuit is the law at
Lucerne, and that law is recognised by the seven
cantons of the Sonderbund. Besides this, Lucerne
is one of the three Vororts which, according
to the arrangements of the Federal Treaty,
are vested in succession with the supreme

executive powers of the Confederation. Zurich and
Berne are the other two. Whenever the turn arrives
for the temporary establishment of the supreme
power of the Executive at Lucerne, the will of
Fattier Ron and his monastic associates would act as
mysteriously and awfully as that of a RODIN over
the length and breadth of Switzerland. Therefore,
again, is the Diet justified in demanding the instant
expulsion of the Jesuits from Lucerne. Thirdly,
and lastly, the right of the Federal Congress to de-
mand the appointment of a commission for the revi-
sion of the Constitution, is the summum jus of every
legislative assembly; and the advisability of such a
convocation is proclaimed in an undeniable manner
by the miseries which have so long impended over
the Confederation and which are now on the eve of
bursting forth in the bloody storms of intestine war-
fare ! Therefore especially is the Diet acting judi-
ciously when it requires a speedy and comprehensive
revision of the constitution.

While the envoys of the Liberal cantons are
issuing this rational and pacific Proclamation in the
Chamber of the Federal Diet at Berne, what are the
sentiments entertained, or the advances made towards
a reconciliation by the people of Lucerne, Uri,
Schwyz, Unterwalden, Zug, Valais, and Friburg,—
the vassals of the unconstitutional Sonderbund ?
Unhappily, there is little probability of any concession
on the part of those citizens of the Swiss Confedera-
tion, who, contrary to the views of the Sovereign
PONTIFF, have arrogantly assumed to themselves the
title of the Catholic Party—A Catholic Party being
a term as anomalous and contradictory as An Univer-
sal Fragment. Whatever may be the consequence of
the present negotiations in Switzerland, the Liberal
cantons will have the consolation of knowing that
their requirements were just, and their mode of pro-
position conciliatory. The gonfalon will in no event
be stained with the infamy of an illiberal aggression.

In the sitting of the Swiss Diet of the 20th Octo-
ber, M. KERN, the Deputy of Thurgovia, as reporter
from the Committee of Seven, presented the follow-
ing draft of a proclamation to the cantons of the Son-
derbund, which had been agreed on by the Com-
mittee :

" Faithful and dear Federates,--The situation of
our country though happy is grave, and of a nature
to inspire serious uneasiness. The division which
reigns among the federates threatens to disturb pub-
lic order. Anxious to fulfil the duty which is im-
posed on it in maintaining the internal security of
the Confederation, and penetrated with the sine. ere
desire to preserve peace to the country, the Diet feels
itself called upon to address to you some candid and
benevolent words of federal friendship.
" A clear enactment of the federal pact, article 4,
runs thus he cantons cannot form betwen them-
selves any leagues prejudicial to the Confederation
or to the rights of the other cantons.' Now the Go-
vernments of the States of Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Un-
terwald, Zug, I riburg, and Valais, have formed a
peculiar alliance between themselves, which, as soon
as it came to the knowledge of the other states, neces-
sarily caused numerous and serious apprehensions.
After repeated deliberations in the councils of the
cantons, and in the federal assembly, the Diet has pro-
nounced that this alliance, which makes the rights and
duties, which are regulated in the same manner by
the common pact for all the cantons, the object of a
separate pact, and thus imposes obligations on some
cantons which, in certain circumstances, are incom-
patible with those which they have to fulfil towards
the Confederation—the Diet, we say, has pronounced
this alliance to be contrary to the unequivocal letter,
as well as to the spirit and meaning of the federal
pact. In fact, an alliance which places the contingent
of troops of the cantons, which makes part of it, un-
der the orders of a separate council of war, pos-
sessed of full general powers, and thus removes them
from the federal authority, is prejudicial to the first
interests of the Confederation, and injures the rights
of the other cantons. An alliance which, after the
declarations of some of the seven states, is also
directed against the Diet itself and its decrees, which
organizes in advance an armed resistance against its
decisions, cannot Continue to exist in the general
Confederation and by the side of it, without placing
the internal security of the Confederation in danger,
and without causing the dissolution of that common
tie which unites the federal states. It was for that
reason that the Diet, by its decree of July 20 last,
declared 'this separate alliance incompatible with the
pact, and consequently dissolved.' The supreme fede-
ral authority having thus pronouncedits opinion, its
decision must be respected by all the states, otherwise
anarchy would take the place of right in the Confede-
ration. Nevertheless the decree of the Diet has not yet
been recognised by the cantons against which it was
directed. They have even gone the length of de-
claatg in the Diet that they would oppose an armed
resistance to any attempt to carry it into execution,
and with this object they have made extraordinary
military preparations. The Diet cannot longer tole-
rate such a state of things unless it annihilates all the
consideration due to the federdit assembly—breaks the
strength of legitimate power—and sacrifices the
honour of the Confederation. We cannot, and will
not, yet admit that you, faithful and dear federates,
will persist in a position irreconcileable with your
federal duties, when we shall have frankly pointed
out to you the real intentions of our decree of the 20th
July, as ought to be done between federates and
brethren. Distrust and unfounded fears could alone
have led you into the path which you have till this
time followed. You fear danger to the liberties which
you have inherited from your forefathers—to your
future position in the federal alliance, to your faith,
and to your religion. But we give you the
solemn assurance that any intention of attempt-
ing to injure these most precious gifts is far
from us. They must remain inviolable, as being
your sanctuary. flow could the federal au-
thority entertain the design of committing an
injustice towards co-states, which for the most
part belong to the oldest members of our alliance ?
The Federal Diet does not desire the oppression of
federates, the annihilation of cantonal sovereignties,
the violent overthrow of federal institutions. It de-
sires no military Government, no violation of your
rights and liberties, no danger to your religion. It
rather wishes to accord to all the cantons the protec-
tion which they have a right to demand of their co-
states against unjust attacks, as the object of common

alliance demand. It is for that reason, brethren, that
you will withdraw from a separate alliance whicl-. is
not necessary when .the di p:rsitiona which it contains
are in harmony with the common alliance, and which,
on the contrary, is inadmissible in federal law when
it is not in harmony with it. Do not forget that
such separate alliances are already contrary to the
sense and spirit of the oldest treaties between the
federalists. The present pact guarantees you a suffi-
cient protection of your rights. Do not persist, then,
any longer in a position which saps the basis of
federal right, divides the federalists into two hostile
camps, and also compromises our independence and
liberty abroad.
" You now know the motives which determined
us to adopt our decree. Federal representatives
whom, according to the old custom, we delegate to
you, will point out these motives more fully to you.
Receive them as friends; listen with confidence to
the overtures they will make to you ; weigh well the
grave responsibility which will weigh on your heads
if you continue to set at nought the resolutions
founded on the unequivocal provisions of the pact,
and the benevolent warnings of the supreme federal
authority. The consequences which, by persisting in
such a line of conduct, you may draw down on your
selves and on the whole country are incalculable. It
yet depends on you to prevent them. Take such re-
solutions as a sense of federal duty, the peace and
happiness of the Confederation, as well as of your.
own cantons require. As brethren and as confede-
rates let us only belong to one and the same alliance.
What we desire is legality, the maintenance of the
internal security of the Confederation and of order.
Faithful and dear confederates, let us, like brethren,
give each other the hand to attain this object, which
is prescribed to us all by the duties which we have
sworn to fulfil. May God preserve and protect our
dear country."
This proclamation, after a long and animated dis-
cussion, was agreed to by a majority of twelve and a
half cantons.

The following decree was proposed by a committee,
and also adopted by the Diet :
" The Diet decrees that the federal representatives
who shall be delegated to the seven cantons, in virtue
of the decision of the 18th of October of the present
year, shall be charged. to make to the governments of
these cantons the demand—
" 1. That the proclamation adopted in the sitting
of this day shall be immediately circulated.
" 2. That, on the other hand, the authority charged
to give instructions to the Deputies of the Diet shall
be convoked without delay. The federal representa-
tives are moreover instructed to support by their own
representations the contents of this proclamation
before that authority, or before the Landgemeinde, if
it shall be convoked without delay after the procla-
mation shall have been circulated, and in general to
act according to the spirit of this proclamation towards
the authorities to whom they shall have access.
" Lastly, they are charged to for ward their reports
with all possible dispatch to the Diet. If one of the
two representatives cannot or will not accept this
mission, the present warrant is valid and obligatory
for the other member."

In the course cf the discussion on the proclamation
and the decree, a letter was read from the Government
of Berne to
.the Directory, announcing that some
troops of Lucerne were stationed on the frontier, and
that those of the Valais were preparing to pass the
mountain of Lunabeh, to march to the assistance
of the canton of Friburg. Letters from Argau
and Vaud, respecting the movement of the troops
of Friburg and the Valais were likewise read,
as was also one from Zurich to a similar effect.
Another letter of a later date from Argau set forth
that the landwehr of Lucerne had been called out ;
that a battalion of Lucerne Lad arrived at the bridge
of the Gysikon, and that a battalion of Schwyz was
stationed at Kussnacht. A further communication
from Berne stated that 2,000 armed men of the
Valais had entered Lucerne, and that bullets had
been cast in every house in the Valais. The Prefet
of Schwarzenberg, in Berne, wrote that the gen-
darmes of Friburg stopped travellers, and that the
road on the Friburg side, in the vicinity of Schwar-
zenberg, had been barricadoed. In consequence of
these proceedings of the Catholic cantons, power was
conferred on the Vorort to call out a portion
of the general staff, and the Diet nominated
federal staff officers. Some sensation was created by
the Deputy of Zug, one of the Catholic cantons,
stating in its name that it would withdraw from
the separate alliance, provided the question relative to
the Jesuits should be set aside, and that positive
guarantees should be given to the Catholic cantons.
He, in conjunction with the Deputy of Basle city,
subsequently presented a proposition to the Diet, re-
quiring, as a condition of the dissolution of the Son-
derbund, the renunciation on the part of the Diet of
all right to demand the expulsion of the Jesuits. This
was rejected, and the Diet appointed M. DUFOUR, of
Geneva, Commander-in-Chief of the Federal Army,
M. DUFOUR, is an old officer of engineers, and is
the author of some valuable treatises on for-
tifications. He was a pupil of the Polytechnic School
in its palmy days. M. FREY HERosu, of Aarau,
was named chief of the staff Most of the federal re-
presentatives left on that day for the cantons of the
Sonderbund, which still continued their warlike pre-
parations.

The intelligence received from Naples says that the
Minister SANT •ANGELO still insists with the KING in
obtaining a general amnesty, a law on the press, the
institution of a National Guard, a separate constitu-
tion for Sicily, and the suppression of the Department
of Police, the latter to form only a division of the
Department of the Interior. It is even added that
SANT-ANGELO has submitted to the KING the fol •
lowing composition of a Cabinet :—Foreign Affairs
and President of the Council, Prince DE SCORDIA ;
Interior, SANT-ANGELO ; Justice, PARISI ; Ecclesias-
tical Affairs, Prince CAMPO-FRANCO ; Finance, BIA Rs.
CRINI ; Agriculture and Commerce, Prince SANTE-
ELES ; War and Marine, DEL CARRETO, from whom
it appears that the KING will not separate on any
consideration.
_ .

Piedmont has frankly adopted a liberal system of
policy. King CHARLES ALBERT accepted on the
evening of the 20th instant the resignation of the
post of Governor of Turin tendered to him by M.
THAEN DELLA. TORRE. Thi3 functionary belonged
to the Austrian party, and has been replaced by the
late Minister of War, M. VILLAMARINA. The func-
tions of the Governor of Turin are the highest in the
State. He is the alter ego of the KING, whose orders
he directly receives ; he is, in short, a sort of Viceroy.
We are assured that M. VILLAMARINA accepted those
functions on condition that the persons arrested
during the recent manifestations should be imme-
diately liberated ; that liberty of the press be
granted, and reforms introduced into the Administra-
tion. King CHARLES ALBERT had adhered to those
conditions. This intelligence had filled the people of
Turin with joy.
Some rioting occurred at Ferrara on the 14th, ar►d
the Austrians fired on the people, without, however,
wounding anybody. The inhabitants threatened to
ring the tocsin, but the Cardinal Legate interfered,
and having obtained the liberation of one of the
citizens who had been arrested by the Austrian sol-
diers, tranquillity was restored.

The Post-Congress of all the German States, for
the purpose of introducing a uniform postage in all
the States belonging to the German Confederacy,
had opened its sessions at Dresden on the 19th inst.,
and, according to the papers before us, an expectation
was entertained that their deliberations would con-
clude in fixing upon a low and uniform postage for
all the states belonging to the German Confederation.
It is the opinion of well-informed people that the
arrangement of this certainly very useful and impor-
tant scheme may take several years before it is carried
into full execution.
Private accounts from Hamburgh, of the 19th
instant, state that the rate of discount bad come down
to four per cent., and that not the slightest fear was
any longer entertained of a reaction from our, finan-
cial crisis. Similar accounts have reached us from
Frankfort and Augsburg.
Several of the Wurtemberg and Baden papers
again publish leaders on the policy and propriety of a
divorce between Donna ISABELLA and Don FRAN.
CISCO, and the subsequent marriage of the former
with the Conde DE MONTEMOLIN, as the only means
of effecting peace in the Peninsula.

Madrid papers of the 19th have arrived.
The captivity of the unfortunate Queen ISABELLA
is complete, and the virtuous wife of MuNoz reigns
paramount in the palace. General DOMINGUEZ has
been removed from the post of second in command
of the Halberdiers, and replaced by the Count DE
PUNON ROSTEO, a tool Of CHRISTINA'S. He is vir-
tually the commander of the corps, as the Duke of
BAYLEN (CASTAXOS), who is the Captain- General, is
upwards of 90 years of age. Fumuoso, the brother-