The Sun.
London, England, 1841-05-08 00:00:00

Zbit Aun.

LONDON:
SATURDAY, MAY 8, 1841.

Nth Houses were engaged last night with very interesting dis-
cussions, the Lords on the Corn-laws, the Commons on the Sugar-
duties. Every night the former is likely to occupy their Lordships'
attention, as they are intensely interested in it. We shall not,
for want of space, further notice the debate, than to say tEat
it was spirited, and that we were glad to hear the Marquis of
LANsnowNE give there, as Lord JOHN RUSSELL gave in the.
other House, a flat and unqualified contradiction to the
statement, that the Cabinet had taken up the question of
the Corn-laws and the Sugar-duties on the spur of the moment,
and after they were defeated on the Irish question. The de-
bate in the 'Lords arose on presenting a petition, and led to
no other result than the debate itself.

In the Commons Lord J. RussELL announced the duties
that he proposes to levy on corn : Bs. on wheat, ss. on rye,
4s. 6d. on barley, and 3s. 4d. on oats. The announcement
immediately excited the ire of the Earl of DARLINGTON. and
Mr. HANDLEY declared in the course of the evening that they
were lower than the most sanguine opponents of the Corn-laws
would expect, and would be worse than no protection at all.
On the Order of the Day for going into a Committee of
Ways and Means being read, Lord JOHN RUSSELL made a
masterly speech on the policy of the Governmentom the state
of the finances, on what was due to the people of England,
and on the proposition which the Ministers have submitted to
Parliament. The Noble Lord spoke for nearly two hours, and
though terser and more pointed speeches have frequently been
heard, a speech more replete with good sense and right feeling
towards the' people of England, and replete with more compre-
hensive views, was perhaps never heard within the walls of Par-
liament. Nor tvas it destitute of caustic remarks applied to
the Tories, who now trade in philanthropy, and wish to seize
the Government by pretended or sudden affection for the slave
population, 1 acing themselves a hole to creep back to
taxation and trade when their present purpose is answered.
It gratified us to hear views which we have laid before
our readers, both of the conduct of Ministers in proposing
these measures, and of the bearings of those measures, con-
firmed and corroborated by the observations of Lord Jost
RUSSELL. His remarks on England being unable to supply the
Brazilians with cottons if we would not take the produce of
slave labour from them, were excellent, as were many of his il-
lustrations. But the crowning excellence of his speech was
the vigour with which he enforced oa the House the duty of
attending above all things to the people of England. Of the
condition of Bolton, for example, as contrasted with the blacks
of Jamaica, he drew a most mournful picture, which made
us wish that the negroes would send fo:th from Jamaica to'
emancipate the starving slaves here. Lord J. RUSSELL con-
cluded his speech by an eloquent vindication of the principles
of free trade, and an admonition to the House not to lose the
opportunity of acting on them. He left the House to adopt
the plan ; the Ministers had done their duty by presenting it.
LordSaNDON followed, and after a heavy speech full of sta-
tistics, to show that there would be plenty of sugar without al-
lowing foreign sugar to be imported, he concluded by moving
the resolution which we have already published.
Mr. Hocc seconded the motion in a neat speech, in which
lie was all far the East Indies, and making common cause with
the West Indies in assaulting the pockets and the health of the
people of England.
Mr. Haw ES made a speech full of good details, but it did not
tell with any force on the House.

Mr. HANDLEY explained that he meant to vote against the
Ministers, and plainly avowed that he unitedwith the West In-
dians and the East Indians in wringing taxes from the people
of England.

111r.JasiEs assigned a few reasons why he meant disinterest-
edly to support Ministers, as he has an estate in Jamaica.
The Crash speech of the night, however, after Lord JOHN'S'
a speech very much to the purpose, more to the purpose than
any other speech, from the familiarity of the speaker with the
subject, was the last of the debate. It appeared to make a
;great impression on the House, and we regret to say it was
againht our cause. Dr. Lusniticrox spoke with energy, and
carried conviction because he spoke with sincerity. He op-
:posed the Ministerial measure, as tending to encourage the
slave-trade, to make slavery in Cuba and other places more
hateful, to increase human misery, as unjust to our colonies, and
he said there is no necessity fur it. He dwelt at considerable
3ength on the supply of sugar for this year, which he had esti-
misted at 205,000 tons ; he was eloquent on the misery of the
:slave trade and of slavery ; where slaves only are emplo3ed, and
are used up and then cast out to die like hack horses. He ex-
patiated on the propriety of continuing the proteetb.rt on sugar
for the sake of the emancipated regroes, and he justified all
Isis statements by qt:otations from loiters, authorities, and books.
He could boast of his own undeviating consistency, and de-
clared though others had changed he had not changed one
iota of his opinion. It was impossible to hear him and not
Seel that he must be answered, or the Ministers will
:suffer in character. We trust they will find some man of
treater calibrethan Mr. EwAaT, who rose to speak, but moved
ekie adjournment of the debate—some practised orator, as well
skilled in the arts of his trade as Dr. LUSHINGTON himself,
to refute his speech.

Dr. LEAMINGTON is obviously fanatical for philanthropy.
Such a man cannot be answered by the cold calculations of a
31olitical economist, who weighs, balances, and refines doubts,
and yet dogmatizes, but who never is and can never be pas-
sionately in love with a theorem. Dr. LUSHINGTON must be
answered by some man fanatical for justice. He must be
reminded there that he is not sent to the House
of Commons to legislate for the blacks of
Cuba, or to extinguish sin in the world_a far
greater than he has been unable to accomplish that—but
to promote the happiness of the people of England. lie is to
3egislate for them, 'am for the Alricans, the Brazilians, or the
Spaniards. He 'must look at the real misery at home, not
gloat over the factitious and imaginni misery of the slave-ship
or the sugar plantation. To the people of England he owes
the du.4 of justice; to the suffering Africans he
must be content to give his compassion. But when
he taxes the people of England to the fraction of
a. farthing on tile supposition that he is thereby conferring a
benefit on the negroes, he commits a positive injustice, and is
as criminal to the houseless and starving poor of Bolton as
the Brazili.an planter is to his slaves.
Dr. 1.-CSHINGTON has no faith in his own principles. He
profep,es to be an advocate of free trade, and he has no confi-
dev ce in it. Hence he fancies that the man who bhp slaves
Can grow sugar cheaper than he who finds labourers un-
bought. How much the wages of a labourer in Jamaica surpass
thecost of buying and maintaining a slave in Cuba was not told,
nor was the division of labour, which can be extended only
+Along free men adverted to, neither was the ingenuity which
ilaves cannot possess taken into consideration. When these
plaiints are carefully examined, we have no doubt that slave la-
' 'hour will be found dearer even now than free labour, and that
.Jamaica, if left to itself, would soon undersell Cuba. But Cuba
has not to maintain a large wealthy proprietary in Spain ; there
• are few or no mortgages there hungering for interest on money
.borrowed on the supposition that sugar was never to be sold
ar less than 46*. per cwt. ; and if Cuba had these plagues, with
great protecting duty, the sugar grown there would be.
,dearer than the sugar grown in Jamaica. If Dr.

-im.4l • ...

LUSIMGroN had looked on tome of the gentlemen
around hitra, he need nEft of ibe
efficacy of iltO labotti, slid Weil iltise to his own creed. If
Dr: LtieiikNE3ijv be opposed by some man who is fanatical
for justice, who has a strong
• conviction of the duty of a legit-
lator to the
people of England, he may be answered and
refuted, but he will not be answered by any pert, insincere,
mere man of expediency. The Ministers must put up a good
matt to answer Dr. UstiINGIToN.
The Debate was adjourned.

We rejoice to see the address of the Anti-
Corn‘litiV. Lettgtie. They remain true to their
principle, and still demand the TOTAL AND DI-
MEDIATE REPEAL OF THE CORN-LAWS. Their
declaration has relieved us from a difficulty. We
adhere to the same principle; we were not quite
sure how the League might act, and we have
been comparatively silent, lest we might
be a cause of embarrassment to our friends.
We can agitate with a clear conscience
for the total and immediate repeal; to agi-
tate for a fixed duty, however small, would
be to sanction an abominable bread-tax. By the
declaration of the Ministers that the landlords'
tax, and the public taxation, and the na-
tional prosperity, are hopelessly incompati-
ble, a blow has been given to the worst
monopoly that ever cursed a nation, un-
der which all the monopolists of the em-
pire reel like drunken men. It depends on
the people to send that blow home, and extin-
guish the bread-tax for ever. Let us all work,
then, in conjunction with the League, for a total
and immediate repeal. To agitate for that will com-
pel Ministers to act boldly. All the possible evils
of agitation will be as much caused by agitation
for a fixed duty as by agitation for the total abo-
lition of the law. He is not a good surgeon who
risks a patient's life by a large amputation, and
yet fails to cut away every atom of the dis-
ease.' The good of the country, the ne-
cessity of avoiding a future agitation, requires
the people now to exert themselvei, let who will
be Ministers, and insist on the total repeal of the
scoundrel bread-tax. Up, then, men of Eng_
land, and wipe awa3 this badge of sla-
very. It is a hateful poll-tax. Show
yourselves worthy of your sires. Exhibit
their energy combined with your own modera-
tion and wisdom. Till the Legislature—tell the
owners of rent—tell all the brood of monopolists
who have so long sucked your blood, under the
name of PROTECTION, that you will be their
slaves no longer.

The Earl of ABERDEEN last session tried in
vain to settle the long-agitated question of Non-
intrusion, yet, another Scotch Peer, the Duke of
ARGYLL, infinitely inferior in every respect to
the Noble Earl, has had the courage this session
to introduce a Bill which he hopes will produce
harmony among the discordant members of the
Scotch Church. When the Bill is printed, we
may possibly have something to say respecting it,
though if the object of it is to legalise the veto, as
we are to infer from what occurred on Thursday
evening, it would be only a waste of words. The
CHALMERS' party say they will be satisfied with
nothing less, and the House of Lords will never
concede even the one-half. Is the Duke of
ARGYLL so infatuated with his crotchet, and so
blind to his own weakness, as to imagine that he
can induce Bishops and Peers to give up their
splendid and lucrative Church patronage to
gratify the whims of such visionaries as CHAL-
MERS, CANDLISH, and Company ?

Public opinion has prevailed, and " CHARLES
ELLIOT, Esquire, a Captain in the ltoyal Navy,
Chief Superintendent of the Trade of British sub-
jects in China, and holding full powers under the
Great Seal of Great Britain and Ireland to exe-
cute the office of her MAJESTY'S Commissioner,
Procurator, and Plenipotentiary in China," as
the late functionary delighted to write his names,
styles, and titles, is now plain Captain CHARLES
ELLIOT. The incompetency of the late Chinese
Plenipotentiary was more than a match for the
Court and Parliamentary influence of the EL-.
LIOTS, and the Government has been forced to
recal him. Sorry are we that such a step was not
taken when the circumstances attendant upon
the delivery of the opium to Commissioner
LIN were first made known in England. The
history of that bungled transaction ought to have
satisfied the Government that Captain ELLIOT
was totally disqualified to discharge with dig-
nity and advantage to the country the duties of
his high office. Had his removal then taken
place, the country would have been spared the
expense of an expedition to China, which has
served no purpose but to render us ridiculous
in the eyes of the Celestials, and to caken our
moral influence in every part of Central Asia.
But, knowing that the policy of our Government
in China will not be ultimately affected
by the past misconduct of British agents,
we calculate the national loss at little
mole than the time which must be
wasted in the conducting of fresh negotia-
ations, the broader characters of which, we pre-
sume, will be first traced by the sword. For
other., losses we must, and will have suitable
indemnities—indemnities which shall serve as a
warning not only to the Chinese, but to such na-
tions on our Indian frontier as may have heard
of the exploits of the late Plenipotentiary. We
are therefore thankful to the Government for
even now recalling Captain ELLIOT, and replac-
ing him by an officer so creditably known in In-
dia as Sir HENRY POTTINGER. With all John
Chinaman's craft and chicanery, he will yet find
a match in plain, honest John Bull.

The French Papers of Friday have been
received by Extraordinary ExpreSs. .1 They
bring the important news that the SULTAN, at the
request of the Four Powers, has conceded to
MEHEMET ALI the succession in the direct line
to the hereditary Government of Egypt, and
the nomination of all officers to commands in the
Egyptian army and navy. We trust the next
arrivals from the Mediterranean will confirm
this intelligence. The interest of Turkey and
Egypt imperatively call fbr a speedy settlement
of all disputes between the SULTAN and the
VICEROY. Both countries stand in need of re-
pose to replenish their exhausted resources. The
continuance of peace is absolutely essential to the
regeneration of the Ottoman Empire. For this
purpose the protecting Powers ought to exert
all their influence in calling into operation the
immense resources of Turkey. The situation of
Constantinople as a mart of commerce is one of
the finest in the world, and were the Turks only
prevailed upon to devote themselves more to
trade, their country might again become one of
the most flourishing in the world. Manufactures
are the true handmaids of the arts, and where-
ever they flourish barbarism must disappear.
That under the operation of bad and restrictive
laws they tend to deteriorate the human race
we admit, because what evil is there which bad
laws may not effect through the instrumentality
of any institution ? But when left to themselves
their results are good, not evil—beneficial alike
to the operative and to society.
From Madrid the Papers are of the 29th ult.,
but their contents are uninteresting.
The Quotidienne, a Royalist Journal, checks
the exuberant glee with which the Doctrinaire
Journals hailed the prospect of a Tory Govern-
ment in England. The foreign policy of Eng-
land, this Paper contends, is the same whether
administt-red by Whig or Tory. We quote an
extract from the Quotidienne:—

The policy of Great Britain is invariable, and belongs not
more to one party than another. lint, to go no further back
than !MO, we may say that it results from the position in which
the Revolution placed this country. When the elder branch
was overturned, England at once comprehended the necessities
and difficulties of the new system. This system, without sup-
port in Europe, could not help falling under the protection of
Great Britain, and this point being understood, the Cabinet of
London proceeded without disguise to extend its influence at
our 'expense. It gained ground in Belgium, Portugal, Spain,
and allowed us to go on quietly. Since then a change has
taken pl ire. England, which possesses eminent statesmen,
perceived that there was to be found in the system directed by
MM. Thiers or Guizot, as • much bad faith as weakness. In
her eyes, the Ministry in France was only capable of unsettling
affairs, without ever bringing about a result of any importance.
Not only did it evince duplicity at London, but perfidy at St.
Petersbiirgh, Vienna, and Berlin. From that moment Eng-
land entered into a new etimbination, and commenced against
the system of our Cabinet a series of attacks more or less opm.
uizot boasted that he would attach Loll raltentou to

prance, and all have seen how hula his boasting has been
realiied. M. Gtiitot has taken part in the conclusion of the
Treaty of July 15, which is the finishing stroke of English
policy. England may be forced by the grave questions of her
domestic policy to change her Ministers ; an Administration
may be formed under the Duke of Wellington, but domestic
dissensions have never in England changed the course of her
foreign policy. Whigs and Tories—all are English.
Taken in a restricted sense, this is an equivocal
compliment. Our statesmen are not more Eng-
lish that the Members of the Paris Chambers
are French, if by such a designation is meant an
attachment to their native country, a pride in
its glory, and a fondness for its recollections.
But the true Englishman, and the true French-
man is the man who, in either country, squares
his policy by its interests, and not by his own or
his party's narrow prejudices. Much of our fo-
reign policy is not English, because it is restric-
tive, and founded on the delusion of supporting
one interest at the expense of another. Were
our statesmen what the Quotidienne represents
them, we would not now hear of duties to protect
corn-growers, distillers, timber-growers, and
rum producers.
The rumour of an abolition of our Corn-laws
has created a great stir in France. M. LAN...
JUNOIS, in the Chamber of Deputies on Wed-
nesday, said that nothing but the abolition of
the Corn-laws was wanted to enable us to grasp
the commerce of the world. This is an exagge-
ration, although we well know that the abolition
of the Corn-laws would increase our trade to
an extent wholly inconceivable, and, of course,
thereby enrich directly or indirectly every in-
terest in the kindom.

On the subject of the much-talked-of loan, we
find the following remdFks in the Commerce:—

We learn from a source on which we can place every reli•
ante that M. Humann has come to the &termination of issuing
his loan soon attcr the close of the session. The Minister pro.
poses to ask for 150 to 200 millions, and for the balance of
what he may require he will i-sue Exchequer Bills, for which
he is duly authorised by legislative enactment. The loan will
be made at 36 per cent., the payment to be made by 20th parts,
monthly, with a six months' dividend, which is calculated in
such a way that the contractors will receive a bonus of twelve
months' interest. Government will engage not to carry into
effect the conversion of the Fire per Cents. until after the ex-
piration of ten years.
These are the details which we have gathered on the subject,
tied we do not think they will be contradicted. The Court
will, in this way, attain the two objects it has most at heart ;
by the embastillement of Paris it renders a loan necessary, and
by issuing a loan it prevents the conversion of the Five per
Cents.

TRE EASTERN QuESTION.—The Gazette of Upper Ger-
many states :—" We leans from a credible source that the
Porte has accepted unconditionally the decisions of the Confer-
ence, and as the last instructions sent to Lord Ponsonby leave
him without the power of raising any fu, ther obstacles, we may
consider all the difficulties attending these affairs as finally re-
moved."

SMYRNA, APRIL 19.—The Austrian Rear-Admiral Ban-
deira anchored in our roads on the 16'h, returning from Mar-
morice, which he left on the 13. h. The French brig Alci-
blade and the English corvette Daphne, the only ships of war
at Smyrna, fired the customary salute, which he returned. The
Daphne and the Clemenze arrived here yesterday. Admiral
Bandiera's flag-ship is the frigate Venere.
The accounts from Candia, received by way of Chios, say
that the troubles in that .sland continue—that the insurrection
was kept up by the Candias, who had taken refuge in Greece,
or by some Greek subjects who had come to Candle. It was
said, however, that the Pone was going to send fresh rein-
forcements to restore order.— Gazette de Smyrne.
We should think the works of the fortifications would cause
the police to be more vigilant in the environs of Paris. This
is not the caie, since the Bois de Boulogne is not safe at this
moment, and we are informed that several laiies were robbed
there a few days age.—Le Commerce.
BOUItSh.—PARIII, WEDNESDAY, MAY 5.

f first Ripest Lowest Cast
Price Price. Price Price
i',en,tl !, ;a : e its
4 Dec Cents 99 20 ... 99 20 ... 94 20 .. 99 20
3 per Cents 79 20 .. 79 3U ... 79 20 ... 19 30
Rink of etance
Lattitte Batik 1.0091. Si ores lies° ...ICBS. ...It 80 _lasi

s,i)(lof.Sß.ares 5157 50 ...51,7 50 ...5157 5C ...5157 50
36.1gian Bank .. 785 ... 745 ... 785 ... '785
1841

5 per Cents.
3 per Cents 7l 20 ... 71 .20 ... 71 21 ... 71 '2O
New Loan 1011,( ... 1 1% ... 10114 ... 101%
;I,4liish Active r434 ... '24% ... 14% ... *2 %
Passive 5% ... : ... :,% ... 5%
N:2ap9l i t A t I
Roman 1041x& ...104 ... 104 ... 101

RAILWAY SHARES.
St Germain
Versaillcs4t. 13 :4ls_ 56) ... 36.5

L.B 238 75 .. 249 ... t3B 75 ..:38 75
Orleans . 487 48? 75 487 IA) 488 75

Bourdeaui to La Testo 4(O ... 400 ... 400 404
.nra,oulg w tiaic V36 25 ... 1,35 25 ... 236 25 . Z. 6 25

DEATH OF THOS. BARNES, ESQ.,
PRINCIPAL EDITOR OF THE " TIMES'?

We announce with extreme regret the death of
the above eminent Gentleman, which took place
at his house in Soho-square, in the 56th year
of his age. Mr. Barnes had been for some
time labouring under a disease of the bladder,
and he sank under an operation performed yes-
terday morning, between seven and eight, in the
presence of Messrs. Liston and Lawrence.
The public will recollect the great services
rendered to the cause of Reform by the Times,
previous to and during the passing of that Bill.
Many a stirring article emanated from the pen
of Mr. Barnes in his fervent advocacy of that
national measure ; and although the Times has
since receded from the cause of the people, we
believe Mr. Barnes still continued true to his
liberal principles.

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