The Sun.
London, England, 1840-12-24 00:00:00

17 DON, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 24, It4o.

PUBLICATIONS.

'MA published, in On Volume, price 12s.
AN AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR,
with REMARKS on the VARIOUS INCIDENTS
whim have occurred during FORTY-FIVE YEARS of his
LIFE, and a FULL DESCRIPTION of his MODE of
TREATING DISEASES, with REASONS EXPLANA-
TORY of HIS SYSTEM.

By SAMUEL WESTCOTT TILKE,
Medical Herbalist, Author of " Random Reflectiom on In-

digestion,. Gout, Tenia Capitis, Scarlet Fever," &c.

" Mr. Tilke is one of those individuals who, born with a
wooden spoon in their =nabs, have, by the alchemy of thrift and
industry, converted it ink) silver. He began the world as a jour-
neyman baker, but every intermission from the labour of the knead.
ing trough, was devoted to the pursuit of medical science. Any
man who makes such unceasing efforts as he has done to allevia e
the sufferings of humanity, is entitled to honourable mention."—
Times, Nov. 3.
" In this volume we nave the autobiographical memoir of a nsan,
whose career in fife has been a chequered one, but who, by sheer
dint of perseverance, am showing a gallant front to misfortune,
had the utisfactioa of seeing all his efforts crowned with success.
1' Le Memoir is an interesting one, as showing w➢at may be accom
!dished by energy and good conduct; and it is written in a cheerful
and benevolent strain. As a Medical Herbalist, Mr. Tilke has
effected a variety of surprising cures in obstinate cases of gout,
rheumatism, and indigestion. His mode of treating some of these
diseases is fully described in the course of his Memoir, and he has
added reasons explanatory of his system, so that he who runs may
read."— Tile Sun, Nov. 5. _

Published, and sold by the Anther, 8, Thayer-street,
Manchester-square; and by Marsh, Old Cavendish-street.

NEW NAVAL NOVEL!
Just ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
T LIE NAVAL SURGEON,
By the Author of
" Cavendish," " The Flying Dutchman," &c
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

puitsuANT to a DECREE of the 1-11GII
COURT of CHANCERY, made in a Cause
MARTYR?). TONGE, the Creditors of JAMES MARTYR,
late of Otford, in the County of Kent, Ecq., deceased (who
died on or about the 13th day of August, 11;37, arc by their
Solicitors forthwith to come in and prove their Debts before
ANDREW HENRY LYNCII, Eeq , one of the Masters of the said
Court, at his Chambers, in Southampton-buildings, Chancery-
lane, London, or in default thereof they will' be excluded the
benefit of the said Decree.
GEORGE CRAFTER,
Plaintiff's Solicitor,
169 Blnekfriars-road.

•
T4VENING EXHIBITIONS NOW OPEN
_ at the ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION,
and daring the CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS' ; partieular'y
arrar'ged for the instruction and entertainment of the Younger
Class. Monsieur Lau.-ent's new Cornet Band, for therpresent
week, from a Qu4rter to Nine to Half-past Ten o'clock I and in
the Morning from Three to Five o'clock.
The EXTENSIVE ADDITIONS, stored with 1,600
SCIENTIFIC WORKS, various WORKING MODELS,
and WORKS of ART, as well as the LECTURE, MICRO-
SCOPE; and beautiful NEW EXPERIMENTS, are seen
both in the Evening and Morning. '
Open from Half-past Ten to' Five O'clock ; Evenirg from
Seven to Half-past Ten o'clock. Admission Is.
A Modified Scale for Schools.
Annual Subscriptions are front the Ist of January next.
The Extensive LAIS-ORATORY is open to Pupils. The
Chemist conducts Assays and Analyses.
A Prospectus of the School for the Practical Education of
Engine Drivers can he had of the Secretary.

ONDON and 13IRMINGHAM RAIL-
. WAY.—FINAL CALL of EIGHT POUNDS on
he TIIIRTY-TWO POUND SHARES.
The Directers of the London and Birmingham Railway Com-
pany having ,resolved that a. Fourth or Final Instalment of
EMIT POUNDS per SHARE, payable on or before the
15th of January, 1841, should be called for on the 32/. shares
of this Company, the Proprietors of such shares are hereby re-
quired to PAY, on or before the appointed day, to any one of
the undermentioned bankers, the sum of 6/. on each of their
re'pective shares ;
LONDON :—Me6crs. Glyn and Co., Q4.Lombard-street ; or
at the office of the Company, ittistni
I.llamiNcAtAat : Messrs. J. 1.. Moilliet and Son; or the
Birmingham Dunking Company.
Ltvy.nroor.:—The Bank of Liverpool.
AlANcttEntsa :--illessrs. B. Heywood and Co. ; or the
Bank of Manchester. _

The Rankers have been E, er orally instructed to charge in-
terest at the rate of 5 per cent.. per annum (according to the
provisions of the Act of Incorporation), on all sums xshich
shall be tendered after the 15th January.

GEORGE CARR GLYN, Chairman, I Of the Board of
J. F. LEDSAM, Deputy Chairman, S Directors.
Dec. 19, 1840. (By order) R. CREED, Secretary.

CHARIOT to be SOLD ; it is clean and good
as new, having been but little used. Has barouche
seat, rumble, patent axle, C springs, imperial, capcase, and all
the appendages usually attached to highly-finished carriages. •
Nay be seen at 43, Crawford-street, 13ryansten-square.

DURE PALE BRANDY, Vintage 1808,
same Quality as heretofore, 725. per Dozen ; 1 tree
Dozen Cases, 1::10 10s.
HENEKEY, KISLINGBURY, and Co.
Gray's Inn Wine Establishment,
23, High Holborn, London.

PATENT BRANDY versus COGNAC.
THE, approach of that season of the year which
has usually brought with it an increased demand fer
Spirits, induces J. T. BETTS and CO. to renew in the recol-
lection of their friends and the public, that their Patent Brandy
not only leaves behind all imitations of the foreign article, but
even the lower qualities of Frenah Brandy ; while its flavour
vies with that of the best qualities of Cognac ; and it is at the
same time a more pure ac.d wholesome spirit.
The oaly establishment of J. T. BE'L'TS and Co. is the
Distillery, No. 7. Smithfield-bars, where Two Gallons and
upwards may be obtained, either pale or coloured, at Eight eon
Shillings per Gallon, for Cash on Delivery.

PATENT LEVER WATCHES.-Mere.
AVERY and CO., Watchmakers, Ace., 36, Ludgate-
street, St. Paal's (opposite Messrs Everington aid Co.'s),
offer to their Friends and the Public their celebrated PATENT
LEVER WATCHES, capped and jewelled in four holes,
double bottom silver casef, maintaining power, &c., at six O-
rem, and with 84 plate eiglst guineas, of workmanship •f the
highest class of excellence, equal to these charged 95 per vent.
higher. Gentlemen's levers, in gold cases, fourteen guineas
and upwards; Ladies', with gold dial, at twelve guineas and
fourteen guineas. Geed new silver Verge Watches at 525. 6d.
A warranty with every watch for twelve mouths.
immense Stock of Jewellery and Fancy Goods at
25 to 30 per cent. below the usual London charges.

STOVE,

r_rHE VESTA PATENT
70s. plain.
That a Madeira climate in England may he produced by the
VESTA STOVE, plants of the most tender kind requiring
warmth have proved ; in sick rooms it has been found invalu-
able, producing one even degree of temperature throughout the
day and night. The Vesta Stove has no doers, and as there
is not any fire ia contaet with the enter case, warmth is ob-
tained without any of the unpleasant effect) complained of in
the use of others. The fire can be kept alight the whole season,
and the part containing the fire is not open during the time it
is replenished with fuel. The fuel passes front the Hod into
the Stove without being seen, preventing entirely any escape
from (hist whieb
in feet:6,g other stoves, arises from
from the Prod into the Stove, or what is worse, into a funnel
to convvy it into the stove. The ashes are removed without
causing any dirt or dust no raking out with portable rakers,
or the hands, being necessary ; End during their removal from
the interior of the Stove they are not visible. The cost for
fuel (cinders, coke, or Welch coal) will be about twopence for
twenty-four hours, during which time the stove will not require
attention.
Th.., VESTA STOVES arc perfectly free from all liability
to explosions and such unpleasant consequences as have been
met with in the use of Arnott's. A variety of sizes and patterns
descending flues, in iron and
are made with ascending and
earthenware, suitable for warming apartments of every descrip-
tion, Churches, Ships' Cabins, &e.
The Stoves may be seen in use at RIPPON and BURTON'S
Warehouses, Wells-street, Oxford-street. A List of Prices
and a number of references and testimonials will be sent in
answer to a post-paid application.

INFIRMARY for the CURE of STRIC-
JL TURES of the URETHRA SYPHILIS, GONOR-
RMEA, GLEETS, and all DISEASES of the GENERA-
TIVE and URINARY ORGANS.
Notwitlytanaing the above InstitUtic isclosed, Patients hal
continue to receive the GRATUITOUS ADVICE of the Sur-
geon (Mr. Courtenay, 42, Great Marlberongh-street,) by ap-
plying at his own hems instead of the Charity.
Hours of Attendance, from Eight to Ten in the Mornings
anal from from Seven to Nine in the Evenings. On Sundaysin the
Morninff, but. not in the Evening,

MANCHESTER AND LEEDS

RAaiWAY.

TRIP FROM MANCHESTER TO IsfORM. ANTON.
On Monday last the Directors of tais it,jlwAy in-
: vited a few friends to accompany them in an experita7at
I tal trip along the line from the Manclietter station to
the Normanton station, on the North Midland Bane, a
distance of fifty miles. Our renders are aware that the
portion of this line from Manchester to Littleborough
was opened on the 3d of July, 1838 ; and then another
portion (inektdin ten or eleven miles' transit on the
North Midland Linn; hetet needs to Normanton) was
opened from Leeds to Ilebden bridge, a distance of
about 37 miles, on the sth of October last !awing only
a distance of about rine miles unopened, viz. the pdtiee
from Littleborough, through the Summit Tunnel and
Tudmorden, to Hehden Bridge. Of course, therefore,
the objects of attention on Monday were those new par-
titans of the line, especially that stupendous work of hu-
man skill and industry, the Summit Tunnel. The mare
interest was felt about this tunnel, from the recent acci-
dent to a small portion of it, by the pressure of the
surrounding earth or rock, causing portions of the in-
verted arch, that part of the tunnel upon which the
rails are laid, and which is covered by earth or " ballast"
to fall inwards and upwards ; a circumstance respect-
ing which the most exaggerated reports were current
last week in Manchester, it being a part of the proposed
arrangements for Monday, that the Directors and their
friends should walk through the tunnel from one end to
the other, by torch light, so that they might judge for
themselves of the nature of the work as a whole, and of
the extent of this accident, which, in fact, is °nit; un-
fortunate as delaying the opening of the fine throughnut
tor three weeks or a month,—there was considerehle in•
terest manifested on the part of the gentlemen. Direc-
tors, and others, who formed the party on Monday
morning. Amongst the gentlemen assembled on the
nine, at the=7. Mineheitei, station, we observed henry
flouldsworth, Esq., Chairman of the Board of Mee);
tors ; William Entwisle, Esq., Deputy Chairman ;
bert Gill, Esq., Managing Director ; and the following
gentlemen :—Messrs. Samuel Brooks, Brooks, Jen.,
John Burton, John Hoyle, T. Broadbent, Barron, John
Smith, (of Piccadilly), J. C. Harter, William Herter,
John Hargreaves, James Simpson, Leo Sehuster, B
Loyd, Jun., Hou!dsworth, Jun., Heaton (a Director of
the North Midland line). Smith (of Deanstoun), and
other gentlemen. Amongst those efficient' connected
.with the Company, were Mr. George Stephenson and
Mr. Gooch, the Engineers ; Mr. drackenburv, Solici-
tor ; Mr. Jellicorse, Secretary ; Captain Laws, R.N.,
Superintendent of the line ; J. Stephenson, B. Dickin-
son. Mould, Young, Forsyth, &c.
The party started in carriages attached to the ordi-
nary nine-o'clock train, drawn by the Junction engine ;
all the engines on the line being named after the plsces
of its termini and principal stations, the rivers it crosses,
&c. The train left the station at six minutes after nine,
being signalled to start by a boatswain's whistle, in-
stead of the ringing of a bell, as is the usual custom on
railways. In twelve minutes the train had reached Mills-
hill, the station for Oldham and Middleton, and in
seven minutes more the place where the Heywood
branch ie to diverge to that place, a little beyond where
the line crosses the canal. Here the train abated speed
to allow a cursory view of the works for this branch
line, which are in rapid progress. An embankment is
already formed to some extent, near the point of junc-
tion ; and waggons laden with earth were traversing the
temporary rails on this embankment. The length of
this branch will be about a mile and half. The train
reached Rochdale atetwentpeight minutes to ten, or in
about twenty six minutes from Manchester ; and arrived
at Littleborough at eighteen minutes to ten. Thence,
haring detached the ordinary carriages, the special train
proceeded along the line (not yet opened to the public),
to the mouth of the Summit Tunnel, a distance from
the Littleborough station of about a mile and a half, or
fifteen miles from Manchester ; and here the Company
alighted at seven minutes to ten o'clock.
THE SUMMIT TUNNEL,
even at its mouth, presented a very striking picture.
Amidst piles of crags, whose face and form have been
altered by the labours of men and the blasting of gun-
powder, rises a fine, massive arch of masonry, of ndmir-
able workmanship and elegant proportions ; approach-
ing, perhaps, to the Moorish arch in its form, which is
elliptical, but the crown of the arch is formed of the
end and not the side of the ellipsis. Within this arch
were upwards of fifty men, labourers and excavators,
each provided with a torch or lantern ; and the glare
of light already revealed to the approaching party, the
interior proportions of this extraordinary subterranean
viaduct. The party were received by Mr. John Ste-
phenson, the sole contractor for this great work, Mr.
B. Dickinson, and other parties connected with it, and
nnesn ee.en. eeinee •t.... t_-
iiitty'eaverE— I hose To taro passed throng-F-111e tun-
nel at Edge Hill, on the Liverpool line, or other smaller
works of this kind, can form but a faint conception of
this splendid construction. We are unable to ascer-
taia at this moment, the diameter ef either the E lge
Hill, the Kilsby, or the Thames Tunnel ; but so far as
we can judge, the Summit Tunnel exceeds them in this
respect as it does in length. The Edge Hill Tunnel is
about a mile and a quarter in length ; the Kilsby Tun.
nvl 2,398 yards, or 342 yards short of a mile and a half ;
the Summit Tunnel is 2,869 yards in length, or 211
yards short of a mile and three-quarters in length ; ex-
ceeding that at Kilsby by 471 yards, or upwards of a
quarter of a mile. From the rails to the crown of the I
arch, the height of the Summit Tunnel is 21 feet 6
inches ; and 'llia loftiness, together with the Y9nti!ation
secured by means of the various shafts, and the gerterel
dryness of the interior, will make this tunnel one of the
most pleasant, in every respect, that can be traversed.
There is no difficulty of breathing, no sensation of chill
or damp ; and at night, but for the lights carried with
the trains, it would. not be easy for a passenger to dis-
tinguish between the interior of the tunnel and the
open air. Perhaps this is a convenient place for add-
ing a few particulate illustrative of the extent of this
undertaking, the ;about and materials expended upon
it, the rate of its progress, &c. The veetinel shafts
were commenced towards the end of 18137 ; but the fitst
brick of the tunnel was laid at No. Id shaft, by James
Wood, Esq.; then Chairman of the Board of Directors,
oti the 17th AUgilsoB3B. The last brick of the tun-
nel was laid on Wednesday the Ot.h instant; by Mr.
B. Dickinson, the Resident 11.ingineette so that the wend
has bean entirely constructed within a IttenijOrl of two
yettti tind ft.fnr fri9n.ths. Flom the nature °raft, -
pa32e., a depth below the stir
try through which a
face of from 200 to 430 feet (trO:FrfAd at a level a hove
the tunnel by ate Rochdale Canal), it vitV,':,ocessary to
sink eft7Aitqc shafts, fourteen in number". The
relative depths of tilde 31m:its are as follow :—No. 0, f)3l
feet, No. 1, 62 feet ; No. fie 110 feet ; No. 2, 117
feet; No. 3, 209 feet ; N 0.31, 230 feet S No. 4, 228
feet ; No. 168 feet ; No. 6, 213 feet ; No. 7 (the
longest shaft), ji.jd feet; No. 8, 296 feet ; No. 9, 236
feet ; No. 10, 109 feet, (a trial shaft between these
numbers is not included); No. 12, 6`2 feet. These
shifts give an aggregate length of vertical shafting of
2,48'2 feet The diameter of these shafts is ten feet,
The total length of the driftway executed in the work
is 3,080 lineal yards. Of these shafts, Nos. 1 and 12
were worked with gins ; the others, by stationary en-
gines on the bill at the top of the shafts. These sta-
tionary engines, 13 in number, bad an aggregate perrer
equal to that of 202 horses, as ordinarily computed in
reference to the stoant-engine. Besides these engines,
about 130 horses, on an average, have been employed.
The number of hands engaged on the tunnel has varied
from 800 id 1,5100, the average being nearly 1,000. In
the formation of the bannel, twenty-three millions of
bricks have been used (eleltilltely of ashlar stones and
Pierre-pointing), and eight thousatid tans of Roman
cement, the whole of the tunnel having been set with
this cedie•nt, instead of mortar. The average rate of
progress pef month hes been 127 lineal yards of the
tunnel. In One month (December, 1839) as much as
202 lineal ye,rde wets completed.
We must here digress d little, to place on record a
brief account of an admirable inatitartion, in connection
with this great work ; an example worthy of imitation
in all works of magnitude. In August, 1839, Mr, John
Stephenson, the contractor, in conjunction with Mr.
B. Dickinson, the resident engineer, established it sort
of sick and burial benefit society, for the men employed
or. the work, the subscription to which, tat 61 weekly
per man, amounted to no less that: 2,0241.35. 11d. The
Railway Company and Mr. Stephenson commenced this
fund by liberal donations ; the services of a surgeon
were secured to the members in ell cases of accident or
sickness ; and of these, during the progress of the
works, there have been 1,507 instances in which the
members have received medical or surgical attention and
care, as well as support from the funds of the society.
By its rules, an allowance of 10s. a week was made to
every member unable to attend his work ; and upon the
surgeon making a representation that he was not in very
comfortable lodgings, the patient was removed to an hos-
pital provided expressly for the purpose, where he re-
ceived every comfort and attention. A secretary was
employed to attend to the sick members; and in any
case of death, all the funeral expenses were defrayed by
the club ; and if the man left a widow and family, they
received a sum from the society's funds, according to
the nature of their circumstances, but, we understand,
in no case less than 151. After stating these facts, it
is almost needless to add that this institution has proved
a great blessing to the workmen, who beleng to a class
generally but ill prepared to meet a season of sickness,
and its cot comitant needs and privations. About seventy
houses have been erected by the Company for dwellings
for the work people, who have also built for themselves
about 100 huts on the Summit, above the tunnel.
But to return to the tunnel. We have stated that