The Sun.
London, England, 1823-12-25 00:00:00

Chamans a ill cammand the Dragoons and Chas- !ELECTIONS oiCOMMON COUNCILMEN.

sours.

We learn frem Spain that the city of Valencia
has just presented a sword to Colonel Count
d'Asrorg, as a testimony of gratitude, for the ser•
vices which he had rendered to the city, and of
the order which he has maintained in it since he
has had the command of it.
Cardinal La Fare arrived at Toulon on the
16th, on board the gabarre La Chevrette, on his
return from Rome.

FRANCE, ENGLAND, AND RWSSIA.

The Journal des. M;buts gives an account of a

work of M. Dupin, in answer to the Parallel be,'
tweet England and Russia, by the Abbe de
Pradt, in which be attempts to shew the humble
destinies that await France and all the other Eu-

ropean Continental Powers. England and Russia,
according to M. de Pradt, will hereafter he the
only European nations who will enjoy indepen-
dence, under the protection of one of which all
the other nations of Europe must place them-

selves ; and he strongly urges France to culti-
vate that of England. M. Unpin, in his answer,
attacks most of the positions of M..de,Pradt, and
particularly, that relating to the Protectorship of
England; and in reply to M. de Pradt's as-
.ertion, that England cannot be happy but in

doiog good to others, says—
" England in her commercial relations with other nations
does them good, when their gond agrees with her own—and
evil as soon as she thinks herselfinterested either for her menu-
facturesor her policy. This is no reproach to her more than to
any other power—for all nations have hitherto followed this
line of conduct, They have only differed in the shades of their
selfishness and cupidity.
" The interests of commerce influence also in another man-
ner the policy of Great Britain; That nation, the views of
which are very extensive and profound, knows perfectly that
the superiorhy of its commerce and its strength depends on the
happy balance of its institutions, the full enjoyment of all its
liberties. Thus, even to these latter times, has she appeared
little desirous to insure, on the Continent, the same benefit to
other nations. •

" In a very remlrkable Parliamentary inquiry on the trade
of Ureat Britar, compared with that of other nations, Mem-
bers of, Parliament charged with the inquiry, asked merchants
of„Lontlon, Do you not think that France, if she preserves
her new institutions and Constitutional Government, will not
find in them elements of prosperity for her commerce, which
yhe has hitherto been without ?' ' Undoubtedly,' replied the
►k ilful merchants.

" Englund, then, has no pecuniary, interest in the presenta-
tion by France, of her.present form of Government, and the
liberties guaranteed by the Charter. She sees in them means
by which we may struggle against the monopoly created by
her manufacturing superiority. We do not say thence that
England would help with pleasure to overthrow this fine mo-
nument—the eternity of which is our hope. We would only
say, that she has no mercantile interest to prevent such a sub-
version. Her views in this respect should not be a motive to
us to implore her Protector:lllp."

After having established, says the Journal des Wats, the
absurdity of the English Protectorship of M. do Pradt, M.
Dupin considers the power of Russia in all its relations. This
is the most novel part of his tract. 111. Dupin chews how inis-
t,iken Europe is in considering Russia as barbarian. The
happy condition of the peasants, the Corporation rights of the
town's, the incorporation of whole nations accustomed to free
i
nstitutions, toe taste for science and letters diffusid among the
Rtuisian Nobles, all lead Mons. Dupin to the conclusion that
Russia is less backward in civilization than Austria; a con.
elusion which will surprise some readers, but which is skilfully
supported. ,

" What appears to me to deserve deep meditation (he says)
is, the,spirit of the Russian Government, viewed in its relation
to the great art of assimilating to its Empire the population of
invaded countries. Since • Rome, the laws of which seemed
rands for the conquest of the world, no country has been
framed lika Russia to extend, and, above aIL. to ,preserve its
conquests. Russia having seen itself destined, like ancient
Rome, to compose her. Empire of a crowd of nations of dif.
ferent religions, customs and languages, she has made it a rule
to leave to each nation all the ideas that are. dearer to it than
political existence."

He then chews how Russian policy conciliates all religions,
preserves every where the use of national idioms, leaves old
customs standing, and even lends itself, as in Poland and Fin.
land, to constitutional ideas.
In painting the military and defensive power of Russia, M.
Dupin has made us acquainted with a new institution which has
not excited sufficient attention :—" The Emperor Alexander has
eeneeived the idea of founding in different parts of his Empire,
Military colonies, or rather castes.- In them all the male dill.
dren ore born soldiers; they are to enter the army at the
age of 15, and,remain enrolled till 60. In becomirig soldiers,
according to the Muscovite law, they cease to be slaves.
Thence, the military state, which in other nations is regarded as
a time of servitude, has for them the double benefit of freedom
and glory. • .
“ The Monarch appropriates, from the domains of the Crown,
the lend necessary for the establishment and subsistence of Abe
colonised regiments. In return for the lands thus conceded, these
warriors are,M support themselves and their horses, so long as
they shall not be ordered out on any foreign expedition, ,By
this means large armies will be kept on foot during the peace,
without any expence to the Public Treasury.
" The pay of these corps is to commence only when they shall
he called out of their respective Colonies—this pay will be inn.
lic.,.rate in proportion to the limited wants of a people newly co.
Whiled, unacquainted with-luxury. This military population
will bear arms without exception, and will be constantly exer-
t ieed. They will maintain their warlike spirit, like the stand,
ing armies of the Roman Empire, at the most formidable pe-
tiod of their conquests. • *
When this project shall have been carried into execution,
empire will reckon three millions of males in its military
colonies. From among these three millions, therefore, the Au.
toerat of All the Ruasias will be able, by a simple Ukame, to
make, all individuals march from the age 4)1'15 to 60, that is to
say, "at least one million five hundred thousand soldiers.
" At present 40,000 horsemen are thus colonised; a single
colony not far from Petereburgh, near .Novogorod, reckons
70,000 trghting men. The total of the military caste, already
consituted, is 400,000 soldiers."
These (Intik are very carious ; but instead of 'refuting the
opinion of M. de Pradt on the dangers with which the power
of Russia threatens Europe, they only modify it. It is as a
Barbarian Power that M. tie Pradt would have us fear the
'Empire of the Czars ; it is as a eivillied and polite power that
this empire is worthy of all the attention, all the vigilance of
Statesmen.
__• _ • _

There is only one way of.maintaining the independence and
the honour of European nations. It is not in the balance of
power, often chimerical and always precarious, that we can find
a solid guarantee. Nations Must henceforth hope only from
their own strength, and, above all, their moral strength. We
agree in this respect with 31. Dupin, when he says, " Let us,
establish every where strong institutions which may be the re-
ciprottal guarantee of monarchs and subjects; let us favour the
progress of science and arts, the instruction of the people, in-
dustry, and commerce. bet us render citizens happy and in-
telligent, that they may prevent the dangers which may threaten
the State, and, in the time of need, die with enthusiasm in de-
ft:rice of at country which gives prosperity to their families, and
guarantees the continuance of thut prosperity'to their posterity.
.France may occupy the first station In the .noble career, which
,will be at once the security and glory of Western Europe; she
May command by her example, and direct by her Intelligence.
This is the natural part she has to act. This is the sole destiny
worthy of her greatness."

FARRINGDoN WITHOUT.

The noun MAYOu arrived at St. Sepulchrei
Chnrch a fevr minutes after twelve o'clock yeti
terday, and the poll having been re-opened:,--

Mr. THOMPSON wished to call the attention of his Lora.
ship to
,a circumstance of some importance to the different can.
dilates. It appeared that some of the gentlemen of as
poll-clerks were rather hard of hearing, and were therefore
liable to commit mistakes, from not correctly marking the
names given in by the voters; he had thought•it necessary to
mention this fact, that some means might be resorted to for
providing against the possible inconvenience that might result
from the circumstance he had alluded to.

The Lonn 3lavon.—lf any mistakes have occurred, I am
very sorry to hear it ; but the poll-clerks should see that the
names of gentlemen for whom votes were given were repeated
audibly.

Mr. SMITH, a solicitor, but who officiated as poll-cleric, oh-
served, that he conceived the allusion to hare been made to
him in consequence of an error into which he had fallen yes-
terday, but which had been duly and openly stated and cor-
rected ; he however, take care that no similar inaccu-
kacy should occur through him this day, as he would not only
eep his own cars fully distended, but would also see to the
fact of the mouths of the voters being equally open to the due
conveyance of sound.
Mr. SAvaoE explained,' that perhaps the complaint now
made had originated in the fact of two gentlemen having voted
for him, which had been, in the first instance, incorrectly
marked.
The Loan MAYOR conceived it possible that Mr. Smith
might find it difficult to insure the necessary distention of the
mouths of the-voters. All that could be done was to give due
attention to the names, as given in ; and thus, his Lordship
thought, all mistakes might, with an ordinary degree of ease,
be preventetl.
The poll then proceeded, and continued briskly for upwards
of an hour.
Shortly after it had commenced, a circumstance similar to
that noticed yesterday, occurred in a voter declaring his ina-
bility to read.
11 is Lordship read the names over to this gentleman in re.
gular order as they ttood on the list; Mr. Butterworth was the
17th and last; the voter assented to the first sixteen whose
names were read over to him, and his Lordship did not men-
tion that of Mr. Butterworth.
On the recurrence of another similar instance, his Lordship
haring, proceeded in like manner, and the circumstance agree-
ing in every respect with that above noticed,
Mr. Buvrr.ltWOßTH observed, that his name had not been
read over by his Lordship.
The Loan 31avost.—'lour name, Sir, is the 17th on the
list; and the voters having assented to the names of the sixteen
first read to them, cannot vote for any other candidate; "and
are not therefore in the' slightest degree interested in thb name
of the 17th gentleman on the list.
His Lordship's attention having been called to the circum-
stance of some card. lying upon the table, in which the name
of Mr. 13utterworth was inserted in the order of priority which
the previous day's poll had given the different candidates, or-
dered them to be removed.

Mr. BUTTERWORTH observed, that the list of names and

.number of voters printed en the card complained of, was as
correct as any that could have been prepared.
The LORD MAYOR.—It is usual on these occasions to allow
the official list only to lie upon the table, and I see no reason
for making the present an exception.
A third instance of inability to read occurring, his Lordship
noir read over the whole of the 17 names on the list, and then
that of each candidate,for the assent or dissent of the voter.—
This gentleman, as all those similarly circumstanced bad done,
gave his vote to the first 16 names read to him. of course omit-
ting that of Mr. 'Butterworth, which stood last on the list.
On a Mr. Botten tendering himself as a voter, it was object- '
ed that his name was not entered on the parish books.
The Lonn lk'Avon referred the question to Mr. Carter, of
the Lent Mayor's Court office, whose legal knowledge would
enable him to decide upon the objection raised with more pro-
piety than himself.
Mr. Mitten then, in answer to a question put to him by
Mr. Carter, stated that he had been four years a partner in
the firm of Batten, Gillman, and Rotten ; 1
t he Wti% a free-
j man; that he paid his share of the rates chargeable to the
firm, and that'such 'portion of them amounted to more than
thirty .
Mr. CAltTjat said that it was then immaterial whether or not
his name was 'entered in the parish books—he was certainly en-
titled to vote: •
The Loan MAY on, guided by this opinion, decided for the
legality of the vote. tendered.
11.1 r. 1111 T TEItIVOItTii asked if his returning thanks to gentle-
men as they retired, who had given him their votes, was con.
trary to any. order of his Lordship.
The Loup IllAyoit—l understood that the candidates had
come to a resolution not to do no, as it might prevent the voters
from being distinctly heard by the poll-clerks.
Mr. BUTTEItW9IIIII—SO it was also resolved, I believe,
my Lord, that no cards should ba delivered to voters as they
came up to poll.
A gentleman observed, that such a course of proceeding had
not been adopted until Mr. Butteworth's friends had been seen
giving cards to the voters us they entered the church.
The LORD Mavon thought it desirable that voters should
be distinctly heard, and certainly the less'noise the Candidates
or their friends might make, the more likely was it that this de.
aideratuhi will be attained. _

Mr. Iln TT E RWO tyrrt.—My Lord, I am no party to any
of these resolutions; 1 knew nothing about them until this
moment.

The LOAD MaTon believed this laudable taciturnity of
Candidates had been in general practice for some few years
past.
On the occasion of a ding's freeman presenting himself, he
was rejected on the ground that his privilege was restricted
to the advantage of carrying on trade in the city where he
resided. Several similar instances occurred in the course of
the day.
Mr. litrrrEawonTu addressed his Lordship on a point of
order. The parish beadle of St. Andrew's had given a vote
one of the printed lists as he came up to poll, and on being re-
monstrated with, stated that he was ordered to do so by his
Lordship ; he (Mr. Butterworth) protested against any such
interfetence; and appealed to his Lordship, as an advocate for
the impartial and unbiased exercise of the elective franchise,
whether the officers ought to be allowed to interfere in any
way.

The Lona ilLtiroa had given no such order as that alluded
to ; he had directed the parish officers to see that a sufficient
supply of the official lists was laid on the table far the use of the
voters.

At half-put !five o'clock th
chided, when the members app
W.J.Reeyes, Esq. dbputy,
North side - 515
Wm. Griffith - 475
Jomes erbok - 477
John Blackett ' - 461
W. A. Beckwith 461

e election in this ward was con-
eared us under :

C.A. Savage - - 477
Wm. Patten - - 411
J. Webb Southgate - 41111
S. Roberts 419
G. Turner - - 423
T. C. Mansard - 430
- Young - 460
"henry Butterworth - 382
Alexander Galloway, - 373

Richard Taylor -
Vinoent. Figgins -
W. Vale, Esq., deputy,
South aide - 496
This Ward returns 16 Members.

- 450
- 444

On the numbers being announced, a violent uproar, in
applauses and hisses, was manifested by different parties
ou the names of Mr. Butterworth and Mr. Galloway being
mentioned. The LORD MAYOR declared the first sixteen
gentlemen to be elected.
The various Members returned thanks.

Mr. eitoox in doing so, observed, it was his intention to
have brought before the Meeting the subject of the coal duties,
but at such a late period of the evening, a full and fair discus.
sion of the subject could not be expected ; he would therefore
defer it to another opportunity. It was, he observed, a very
heavy impost on the citizens of London, and one which required
their serious attention.

Mr. SAYAGE, in reviewing his own conduct, said he had
been placed on the Committee to inquire into the tithes within
the city, and he was happy to say that in a neighbouring parish
(St. Andrew's) the Clergyman had been defeated,. and by an
Act of Parliament compelled to accept of one-third of his ori-
ginal demand. Wherever he found abuses he was ready to
assist in reforming them. There was another thing which
had long been a tax on the citizens—he meant the London
workhouse_(loud coughing o—lie would contend that it'
was, not intended that tins workhouse, which had exist.
ed for near a century, should have been an impost on the city,
and. yet it had cost it upwards of 86,0001. (coughing still); he
was, however, happy to say that that establishment no longer
existed (cries of No no I)_" I say," added Mr. Savage 44 that
it does not exist, for Sir W, Rawlins, the treasurer, has given
up the deeds and seals of office." The Worthy gentleman
thanked the inhabitants for their support at this election.—
(Applause.)
Mr. PATTEN said, when he first presented himself to the
notice of the ward, he professed to be a friend to civil, piaiti.
cal, and religious liberty, and he hoped that his conduct had

been found commensurate with his professions, and that he was
a declared enemy to hypocrisy.—(Great applause.)
Mr. Butterworth was received with a mixture of applause
and disapprobation.
The Long MAYOR hoped that every gentleman would mee
with a fair and patient hearing.
Mr. BuTTrawoirrii observed, he had not anticipated the
proud- majority he possed, and consequently was unprovided
with a speech—(a laugh) ; but if they would-receive the honest
declarations of a candid mind, he would declare to them that
he would discharge hilduty to his constituents to the utmost
of his exertions. He hoped, now the contest was over, that
all animosity would be forgotten,and that when again head the
plea Sure of meeting them, that they would find he had not for-
feited their good opinion, nor the confidence reposed in him.
Mr. GALLOWAY rose amidst great applause, which lasted for
some time. It was his duty to make some observations on a
subject in which their interests were concerned. The contest
was not one of personal kind, but was one in which the best
principles conducive to the welfare of the Ward of Farringdon-
Without were concerned. He had no less than 378 flee and
unsolicited votes.—(Cries of " No, No.")--He would still
say, that the 378 who had thought him worthy of their
suffrages, he begged to return his grateful thanks for the ex.
ertions they had rendered on his behalf; and those who had
voted against him, he did not doubt had done their duty,
and given honest and conscientious votes—(applause;)—for
those he also entertained great respect; there were two de-
grees of respect as there are degrees of other things--to
those who had supported their principles, and those who had
forfeited their principles to support a party. He had never
been a candidate for their suffrages, for he had been brought
forward and proposed, unsolicited, and thereby he did not
trammel himself to any party of men. It had been endeavoured
to mix bins up with irreligion, hut he was glad to say that their
endeavours had proved futile. His creed was this—he loved
liberty without licentiousness, and religion he esteemed with.
out bigotry.—(Great applause.)—He did not feel it right to
answer such interrogatories as had been put to him, because he
conceived no person was entitled to propose to him questions
upon so sacred a subject, as it would be laying down a pre-
cedent which would be most injurious to the Ward as well as
to thepublic in general. Now the contest was at an end, his
opponent—for lie would call him so, because he had that day
declared to him so—who was very young, lie hoped would do
his duty to his constituents, and attend to their nghts and in-
dependence ; and if he did so—if the inhabitants conceived he
was a free asserter of their privileges, he (Mr. Galloway) would
esteem him as much as he should hope to be; he should there-
fore not regret that he (Mr. 0.) had gone out, and Mr. Butter-
worth got in.—((Great applause.)
THOMPSON said, he rose with mingled feelings of re.
gret and pleasure—regret that a man should succeed upon such
fanatical principles (applause and hisses)— and pleasure, that
in spite of such fanaticism he should only have a majority of
four. He respected Mr. Butterworth as a gentleman, and
throughout the contest lie had behaved himself in a most gen-
tlemanly manner; he wished lie could say so much of his
friends, who on the first day proposed to Mr. Galloway ques-
tions which they had no right to do ; and it was for that reason
that he had called on the Lord Mayor to prevent such questions
from being asked. When such questions were put, he (Mr.
Thompson) expected to have seen a man with a long face; but
he was surprised to see a short, punchy, full-faced man, who
seemed more likely to be a votary of Bacchus than of the Deity.
(Applause and hisses.)
The Loan MAYOR said hissing was very indecent and un-
becoming in any person, and he hoped it would not be repeated.
Mr.-TsioatPsosr said he was not surprised to hear the hiss-
ing of the party opposite. Mr. Butterworth's friend had said
the King of England was not only the political but the theolo.
gical King of hngland.—(A laugh.)—He did not know what
that gentleman meant, unless it was that his .Majesty's seclu-
awitearecccanountteand fdorhbyypolicirsisstyu
carried on theology.
—(A
day, that a person, whom he could name if it were necessary,
Ssioonfawr le a u g
presenth .
and who was often making long speeches at the Egyptian-hall,
told him (Mr. Thompson) after he had one day left the hall,
that be did not care a word about it. The object had not been
to catechise Mr. Galloway, but to injure his reputation, and to
ruin his interests. He (Mr. Thompson) would have asked the
person who asked Mr. Galloway the questions whether be was
a Christian, and he would answer yes. He would ask him
again if he believed in what was called " St.' Athanasius's
Creed ;" and if he answered yes, he (Mr. T.) would tell him
to go home, get a keeper, and put on a strait waistcoat; if he
answered no, he would tell him he was not a Christian.--
( Laughter.)—The Inquisition was not established at one step, but
advanced progressively, like the system of hypocrisy would if the
Ward permitted other persons tit the same party as Mr. B. to
be elected as their representatives. The inhabitants had been
very negligent to let Mr. Butterworth come in, and to eject
Mr. Calloway ; however, If Mr. B. acted free end Indepen.
dently, and for the benefit of the Ward. the perry who
eup-
} him. throughout the contest would in a short time desert
him, and by next year he would have to light his battles
against his own party. Mr. Thompson then submitted a mo-
tion to the effect that it was most daring for any man, or set
of men, to interfere with the creed of any man ; and that none
but the greatest bigot would put those questions.
The motion being put, was carried with a few dissentient
hands.

Mr. FEAUON then followed Mr. Thompsdn in nearly the
same argument. If e proposed a vote of thanks to Mr. Gallo,
way, for his conduct during the time he held the office ; which
was carried also with a very few dissentient voices.
Thanks having been voted to the Lord Mayor, the wardmot e
was dissolved.

LANGBOURN WARD.
The contest in this ward Was concluded yesterday, when the
following appeared to be the state of the poll :--
Joseph Carter, Esq. deputy 157 William Rice
Thos. Ayres - - 143 "—Haswell -
Richard Dixon - - 141 "—Layton -
Robert Elliott 153 Samuel Joyce
I
Benjamin Stubbing - 133 "—Stewart -
John Hohnes Gibson - 133 *—Unwin
Thomas Milroy - % 122
This Ward returns 10 Members, and of the above number
he first 10 were declared duly elected.
CRIPPLEGATE WARD WITHIN.
- 129 "Mr. Gates
=' 113 Mr. Herron -
- 113 "Mr. Smith -
- 113 Mr. Capel
- 107 *Mr. Thorow,

- - 142
- 110
- 109

Mr. Kerl .
*Mr. Wilshire .
Mr. Waterhouse .
Mr. Field .
Mr. Forsyth .

- - 70

~:tnyth _ r
and
This Ward returns 8 Members,and of the above number
the first 6 were declared duly elected.
Fresh instructions were given to the Common Councilmen
to obtain a solemn decision on the question of the increase in the
number of representatives. Thanks were voted to Alderman
Wood for his unabated assiduity in the performance of public
services ; and the Wardmote separated.
BREAD-STREET WARD.
Samuel Hayward, deputy $7 John Hellen -
William Mathie 61 Robert Burra
Thomas Coleman - . 49 John Biden
Matthew Topham Gibson 48 John Degrave
Benjamin Blakesley .48 'M. E. Legge
Jonathan Croker - 46 W. Lawrence
John Southby Bridge . 47
This Ward returns 12 Members, of the above number the
first 12 were declared duly elected.
[Those marked thus • are new candidates]
Mr. CROCKER, in returning thanks, said he should con.
tinue that line of conduct which his constituents had sanctioned
by returning him to serve another time. He should continue
hls attention to the financial expenditure of the Corporation,
and oppose such votes of sums of money as had been made re-
cently, on two occasions perfectly fresh in the memories of those
who heard them. lie opposed the votes of money on those
occasions, because he was convincedthat they were illegal, un-
constitutional, and, as the event had Proved in one Instance,
utterly. useless. Finance was a subject to which he had
devoted much time, and to that subject. which he conceived
the Most important, he should chiefly , confine his attention.-
I—(Applanse.)
1 Mr. BRIDOE, in returning thanks, expressed high gratifica-
tion that the Ward had returned him to serve with colleagues
amongst whom so much good-will prevailed, and he hoped
they would continue bound up together like a bundle of sticks,
strong in their unanimity. Ile hoped they were coming into
more quieetimes, when politics would be more dispensed with.
Mr. LEGGE, the new candidate, would declare that he would
not compromise his conviction, nor become either a subservient
Ministerialist or an outrageous Radical.—(Applause.)
Mr. LAWRENCE, the unsuccessful candidate then addressed
the meeting, and said when the nature of the votes in the poll-
book were examined, it would be found that he had with him the sentiments of one-third of the inhabitants, who came for-
, ward unsolicited to support a candidate who put hirnself forward
anon the principles of reform. Mr. Crocker had professed his
strong attachment to every. thing that would promote economy
and retrenchment in the civic expenditure, and was doubtless
sincere in that profession. Now one of ie greatest sources
of expenditure was the dinners of the Committees, where the
eating and guzzling at the expellee of the city were enormous.
He should therefore conclude by moving, that the Commcn
Council should be instructed to support any motion for the re-
ductions of the dinners given to the Committees. To this roe-
.tion he should add another, on the subject of abuse, which was,
that they should also support any measure for the abolition
of the odious system of fees of office; instead of which re-
gular salaries should be given.—•These motions were put and
negatived.
Thanks were then voted to the Alderman for his conduct in
the chair. A petition for the repeal of the coal duties was very
numerously signed.

- 911,
- 97
- ea
- 76

ood

- - 47

: :/g

- 44

- - 49

- - 10