The Sun.
London, England, 1847-01-30 00:00:00

THE SUN,. LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 30, 1817.

no such practice had been adopted, and that there was
no other probable cause for this comparative prosperity,
to the operatioi of which it could reasonably be
ascribed. Such a result would naturally afford the
strongest presumptive evidence of the salutary effects
and beneficial actin of this peculiar custom, and that
if brought into general use throughout the kingdom
there would be similar effects. He therefore became
the strenuous advccate for the extension of the Ulster
tenant-right to all parts of Ireland, for affording the
tenant-farmer such a permanency of tenure as would
create a feeling of proprietorship in his mind, and
induce him to expend his capital on the land, to bring
it to the highest degree of cultivation, and to effect
permanent and lastitg improvements, with the full
conviction that he mild receive an adequate return
therefor, either in tle length -and certainty of his
enjoyment of its fruit;, so long as it suited him to
retain the possession of his holding, cr by obtaining a
fair compensation for ha outlay and labour, should it
become desirable for hin to change his residence. In
Parliament and out of Parliament he has laboured
incessantly for the pronotion of this his favourite
project, and we are delighted to find that he has
given notice of motion for Tuesday next, so as to
obtain a full discussion of the subject.

The unjust and iniquitcus penal laws by which our
Roman Catholic brethren were so long and so cruelly
oppressed, by which liberty of conscience was assailed,
and the right of every man to worship his CREATOR
in the manner which he deemed most proper curtailed
and taken away, produced much mischief. By a sort of
retributive justice they :ecoiled upon and injured
the properties of those by whom they were enacted
and continued. This led to the system so injurious
to the country generally—the creation of a body of
middlemen, who, having bat a partial and precarious
interest in the land, and little regard for its perma-
nent improvement, were too often guilty of the
greatest oppression towards the occupiers, and sought
by every means in their power to extort the greatest
present gain, the highest rack-rent that could be
wrung from the hard- working and ill- used cottier. The
landlord was restricted in the choice of his tenant to
those who could alone enjoy a permanent tenure, or
become entitled to the elective franchise—to such
persons long terms were granted, and all the rights
and duties of proprietor devolved upon a class the
most likely to abuse them.

During the late war the value of land was greatly
enhanced, and these middlemen derived very large
profits ; they exacted to the utmost farthing from the
occupier, and as if they supposed that their pros-
perity would be lasting, and that the high prices of
every description of agricultural produce would con-
tinue, they expended the entire amount of their
receipts without making any provision for a rainy
day or a reverse of fortune. On the peace of 1815 a
fearful re-action took place. First, the sub-tenants
became unable to pay the rents they had assumed
during the existence of war prices, and soon after-
wards, as a natural consequence, the middleman
himself was unable to meet his engagements with
the real owner, and he found himself, perhaps with
an expensive family, unskilled in any of the means
by which they might earn their daily bread, involved
in total ruin. He naturally struggled to the
last against this state of things, and while
he got into arrears with the head landlord
he adopted every means to extract the last shilling
from his own dependents. If improvements were
effected be made no allowance to the person whose
labour was expended thereon ; he only regarded
them as a means of obtaining a higher rent, and the
industrious and improving tenant was either driven
from his holding or compelled to undertake payments
which it was impossible for him to liquidate. Hence
careless and negligent farming. No one sought to
ameliorate the condition of his holding. If remon-
strated with, the invariable answer was, " Why
should I make improvements, when I do not know if
I shall be permitted to enjoy them ;" and " the want
of time" was the almost universal topic of complaint
in every part of Ireland. In Ulster, however, it was
different. The tenant who performed his part of the
contract was never disturbed ; he was permitted to
.dispose of his " goodwill," which often sold for ten
or fifteen years' purchase of the rental. He was
encouraged to make improvements, and these improve-
ments naturally followed. Let any on who doubts
which system was most beneficial for the country
compare the condition of Ulster with the rest of Ire-
land, and his doubts will be removed: and he. fAA,
wm hoonmp the advocate of that policy, which is
proved to be of such national advantage.

contentsl'ln
indeed,t M. Guiz o r 'iso
nuraelnptl
Lord PALMERSTON is in receipt of' an answer from
he Frenchpe nGovernmentsmieary marriage.n
ntrequire
tolva
another
his
ts
hi lastne rc e re
l dispatchmissive.
hope upontuhantl
et
sihst the
hiy4onhsoohurwoue,ld be so speciously
framed as to be calculated still further to misrepresent
and distort the actual facts of the case, we can well
as it soon will be, it • . •
afford, consistently with our dignity, and the full
cer the discussion
to allow the cor-
respondencever, the last docu-
ment, is impos-
sible maintenanceth(:demeiaddt
decide
whether
huoneshaetl
Ili.
can, with pro-
priety, be at once suffered to terminate. As the
matter stands at present before the public, Lord
tfiorPretohe lowest point of
PALMERSTON must feel proud of the partA wffahiircsh, Eng-
land His has adopted, under the auspices
degraded.
eroafbhlyis
irrecoverably
humiliation.
diplomatict ra t ion of
adversaryi.a uiGUIZOT Secretaryship
aouTnki
so
He has rendered himself a political eyesore to every
court of the civilized world. M. Guizor is a melan-
choly spectacle. Not many months since, no man
enjoyed a higher reputation than he did. Not only
as an historian, philosopher and a statesman, had he
acquired an enviable and European celebrity,
but his
virtues were esteemed to be equal to his talents.
The fullest reliance was placed in his honour and in-
tegrity, and he was considered a choice representative
of the French nation for maintaining her intercourse
with foreign Powers. In an evil hour M. Guizor
consented to be the obsequious tool of a subtle and
faithless KING, the bitter effects of which he
is now beginning to feel. Henceforth M.
GUIZOT will find himself placed without
the pale of honourable men. For a time, everything
seemed to smile upon his deceitful manoeuvres.
M. GUIZOT and his colleagues embraced the conceit
that their successful legerdemain would cause them
to be caressed and admired by their own polished and
chivalrous country. Tollunlur in altum, ut lapsu
graviore ruant. The hour of retribution is at length
come, and how rapid is the fall of the French
Minister 1 That portion of the press itself, which
comprises the accredited organs of the Go-
vernment, is shamed into silence by the gross
1 breach of faith which,
,it is now as clear as
daylight, stamped the whole of M. GUIZOT'S conduct
in relation to the marriage of the INFANTA. The
tide of public opinion in France herself is rolling
back with fearful strength upon the head of the un-
scrupulous and unprincipled Minister.
We venture to say, that no Old Bailey prac-
titioner would have had recourse to the miser-
able subterfuge to which M. GUIZOT descended
before our Ambassador, the Marquis of Non•
MANBy. The French can never remain passive
till M. GUIZOT be cashiered from office. It cannot
but occur to them, that the Northern Potentates
must chuckle at the idea of receiving a strong
moral protest from M. GUIZOT, upon the recent in-
corporation of Cracow, whose own hands were
reeking at the time with the most flagrant breach
of morality. How devoid of weight must be every
French remonstrance emanating from the pen
of such a ccnvicted Minister! Lord ABERDEEN,
throughout: the voluminous dispatches, has been
besmeared and bespattered with foul and fulsome
praise by M. GUIZOT ; but, in the House of Lords
last night, the Earl of ABERDEEN
said, "I hope the
House may not be called upon to give any opinion
upon. the Spanish marriages." The inference is
plain--there can be but one opinion upon the sub-
ject-matter. Where public sentiment in either
nation is so strongly evinced, it is unnecessary for
Lord ABERDEEN to be more explicit. The French
are keenly sensible that th • •
their national interests have
been selfishly sacrificed to a purely dynastic feat.
The English are satisfied
that, whilst they alone
sought to consult the independence of Spain, and to
observe treaties inviolate, ,they have preserved their I
honour immaculate.

—The citizens of Salisbury' have set an excellent exam-
ple to the electors of Eiglaud generally, and more
especially to the electors of all Cathedral towns. A