The Sun.
London, England, 1812-08-01 00:00:00

RUSSIAN ARMY.

" he present situation of the. Northern Powers,
and particularly of Russia, gives a peculiar inte-
rest to the latter country, and must naturally draw
attention to whatever may information as
to the milit»ry strength she is capable of opposing
to the formidable enemy who now seems- bent on
her destruction. We have therefore extracted the
following passages frorn a recent work of Sir R.
WILSON, whose talents am' experience give a high
value to his- productions.,

The infantry is generally composed of athletic
men between the ages of eighteen and:forty, en 7
dowed with great bodily strength,'but-generally
short stature, with martial countenance and corn-"
nlexion ; inured to the extremes of weather and
hardship, to the worst and scantiest food, to
marches of days and nights, •of four hours repose
and six hour progress ; aceustpmed.to laborious
toils; and the carriage of heavy burthens, feroci-
ous. but disciplined.; obstinately brave; and snst-
ceptible of enthusiastic excitements ; devoted to
their sovereign, their chief, and their country;
patient, docile, and obedient, possessing all the
energetic characteristics'of a barbarian people.—
Nature has provided in them the most excellent
materials for a military establishment. No genius
is required to create, mothod is only needed to ar-
range-, and ability to command. The bayonet is
a.truly Russian. weapon. ,The untrained Russian,
undaunted, disdains the protection of favouring .
ground, or the example of his adversary, and pre-
sents his body exposed from head to foot, eitherto.
the aim of the ,marksman, or the storm- of the
cannonade: No carnage- intimidates the survi-
vors; bullets may destroy, but the aspect of death
awes not.
.But although Russian courage is in the field so
pre-eminent, a Russian army, in movements that
'are not in orison with the Russian principle of
warfare and Suwarrow's, presents to an enterpris-
ing and even inferior enemy all the advantages
that may be derived from a state of disorganizar
tion of the military frame ; and the most= difficult
of human operations to the year 1807, was the
conduct of a Russian retreat. When Beningzen
retired from Yankova, on the approach of.Buona-
parte, .and-sought to evade the enemy by foeced
marches in the dark nights of a Poland winter,
although ninety thousand men thundered on. in

close Pinsult, the Russian miirmur at retreat was
so imposingly auclacioms, the clamour 'for battle
so loud and reiterated, the incipient disorder was
so frightfully. extendh!g, that Beningzen was ob-
liged to promise acquiestSence to their cleniand ;
and to soothe their discontents by an assurance
that he was marching to reach an appropriate
theatre of combat. Gratified in this request, they
fought six long days, to secure the undisturbed
march of six longer, more painful and more ter-
rific intervening nights ; yet when this army,
wearied, fatigued and diminished with the loss of

ter thousand-iden, entered at Eylau their aligne-
ment for battle, order regenerated as with the
British at Corinna. The -desolating misery of a
night passed without food, without any moisture
to quench drought hut the iced snow, without any
shelter, without any covering but the rags of their
garhlents, with bare- and wounded feet, without

fuel, without any consolation, and sleep inter-
-
rupted by the groans of the dying, or preparations
fir action, not all this complicated bitterness of
condition could humble the spirit, or weaken the
ardour of this illustrious bust. Ere morning
. dawned they stood to their arms impatient for ac-
tion; and in that most memorable day establish-
ed a reputation, which immortalized their Con,
rage.
The Mussian, nurtured from earliestinfancy to
consider Russia as the supremenation of theworld,
always regards himself as an important compo-

neat Tort of the irresistible mass.

Suw'arrow

professed the principle, and profiting of the 'lpre-
judice, achieved with most inadequate means the
most splendid success. An acquaintance of their
insignificant numerical strength, (never exceeding
thirty-five thousand men) the assurance of the
internal impediments that he had to encounter,
• .

certainly so augment the merit of his exploits, that
he is entitled to the reputation of one of the first
Captains that ever appeared.
Punishment is not so frequent as in other ar-

mies, nor is it very severe ; and the Russians have
had occasion to express astonishment at the cha-
racter and frequency of punishment amongst the
troops of their allies. They exercise with great
precision, and march well. Their •evolutionS are
generally tlic- formation of columns or squares,
rapidly executed, and they art not fretted and tor-
-rnented by goose-step attitudinarians, who consi-
der war to be' the 'science of mountehankS,
.and

victory the prize of distortion.
Tlie design of their.dreSs is good, but the ma-
terials are bad, and -too scanty for active ser-
vice. Their appoidtments are cumbersome, and
their arms so heavy and cumbersome, and their
arms 90 heavy and coarse, that on 'sixty thousand
British stand being distributed, they were /given
or reserved as distinctions for meritorious soldiers.
In the late.war they carried no tents, and con-
stantly bivotticed without shelter in the depth of
the severe winter of 1797, (18070 nor , had they
any additional covering to thei •agged. great coats,
in, which they always marched. Their regular
food is of the plainestt, and coarsest quality ; and
their commissariat was so ill-arranged, that seven

issue was precarious, and their subsistence
d6pendeft on• their own diligence, or rather rapine,
through a country where terror had induced every
inhabitant "to- fly.—The wear and tear however of
a- Russian army is enormaus, in consequence of
these bad arragements*; and the Emperor might
have increased his army one-third .solely by'the
establishment of an improved system.
Infantry and Foot Guards,--The light
infantry is augmenting since the late war • and
-sas.-Russia possesses a population well adapted for
this service in various parts of her empire, she
ought to extend. it considerably. The picked men
FrederiCk the Second observes; that the Russian armies,
in the seven years, although they had been in only four great
battles, kst 120,000 men;, whilst Prussia, who had fought 16
treat battles, bit only 150,000, and Austria, in ten battles,
with two garrisons, lost only 140,000.

ofsirch apopnl ati on asß.ussia, a countryivh ere iiian
is so well grown, compose a, superior body of foot
guards, whose numbers do not exceed 7000.-----
There came.": be a nobler corps, or one of more
warlike des-cription, .and the 'simplicity of dress
gives to the man the full character of his figure
and mien. On every occasion the guard have dis-:
tinguished themselves ; and it is singular in this
service that the whole army prides itself. in their
majesty and excellence:—At Tilsitz the guards of
France, of Russia, and .some of Prussia, paraded
in the same town. Those of France, whatever
may be their military merits, made but a very in-
different appearance, and being generally small
men, the grenadier high cap. had an effect contrary
to ornament or grandeur.---Those of Prussia were
.too much. ruined to be estimated justly, yet the
stature and proportion -were better than those of
France.; but the guards of Russia surpassed-both
" as day-light doth a lamp:"
Cavalry.—The Russian cavalry is certainly the
best mounted -of any upon the Continent ; and as.
English horses never can serve abroad in English
condition f, itis the best mounted in Europe.—
Hungary and Turkey may perhaps produce horses
as well adapted for the hussar and irregular ser-
vices, but the heavy Russian Horses are matchless
for an union of size, strength, activity, and-har-
diness:". They are chiefly bred in the plains of the
Don and the Volga.—During Beningzen's retreat,
and from that period to the disappeafance of the
snow in June, no cavalry ever-encountered greater
hardship. For above six months,-in the severity.
of the extremest Polish.winter,• they were always
at the piquet post without any shelter ; and foe
three months,• or more, they had no other suste-
nance than what the-old thatch, stripped from the
roofs of the cottages, supplied ; and in conse-
quence of this necessity, Poland was progressively
rendered uninhabitable, and war assumed • her
most frightful aspect. The mortality certainly
was great, but it did not render the cavalry. ineffi-
cient or feeble for the service of the most active,
and laborious campaign which succeeded. The'
appoiiqinents are of the best quality, superior to
most of the continental nations'; but, latterly,
France has applied so much attention to -the im-
provement of her cavalry equipment, that she
may dispute the preference. The Russian dra- -
goon is entirely an artificial cavalier; for-the ha-
bits of the*country do not prepare and train for
hOrsemanship, but art and attention. prevail, and
their success attains the essential objects.----The
'officers of'the Russian cavalry attend to their va-
rious duties with great zeal and diligence and the
whole inter:or economy is well regulated and ad-
ministered. No cavalry is -more used oh all occa-
sions, or more-steadily maintains a passive posi-
tion 'under the most destructive fire:

t At least so long as the English Cavalry arc nurtured to
require warm stables,' luxuriant beds, &c.—so -long as el-
ciency abroad is sacrificed to appearance at home.

SPURTING INTELLIGENCE.-

CHELMSFORD .::ACES.
FIRST DAY.-TUESDAY, JULY 28.

The Queen's Plate of •100 gs. by a and 4-year old Fillies; &c.
3-yr olds carrying 7st. flu. 4-yr olds 9st. To.: best of three
two mile heats.
Duke of Grafton's b. f: Pope Joan, 3 yrs olds 1
Duke of Rutland's bl. f. Thalestris, 3 yrs old 2 dr
Same day, a Goldi Cup, value 100 gs. (including 30gs. given by
the Stewards), by Subscriptions of 7g'. each; 3-yr olds to
carry fst. ; 4-yr olds to carry Bst. 41b.; 5-yr olds Bst. 121b4;
6-yr olds 9st. 21b,; aged 9st. 41b. The best of three tu'o,
wile heats.
Lord Petre names Lord Lowther's Dimity, by Trum-
pator; 5 1-rs old 3 '1 1.1
Lord.Lowttier's br. c. by Sancho; dam by Ifighilyer 4 4
Mr. A.Wright's b. c. bf Sancho, dani by Hightlyer;
3 yrs old 2 2 2
Mr. Petre's br. c. by Orville, out of Medina's dam, •
3 yrs old 4 dr.
Mr. Western names Mr. Long s b. g. by Waxey dis.
Mr. Comber's h. 1. Warren Lass, 4 yrs old, named. byl ,
Mr. Kortwright

SECOND DAY.+-WEDNEsDAY, JULY 29. •
The Town Plate of • Fifty Pounds, by 8,4, and 5-year old
Horses, &c. which never won Fifty Pounds, Matches and
Sweepstakes excepted. 3-yrs old to carry ist; ; 4-yrs old, Sst.
41h. and 3-yrs old, 9st. The best of three two-mule heats.
- - Mares and Geldings allowed 314.

Orville,
Mr. Petre's b.. c. by 3 yrs old , , 2 1 1.
Duke of Rutland's bl. f. Thalestris, 3 yrs old 1 dis. fell
The County Cup,, value ray Guineas, • by Horses, &c. which.
have never won more than thervalue of 251. at dny one time
before the day of naming. 4-yrs old to curry 9,q., 41h. ; 5
yrs old, lOst. 41b.'; 6-yrs old, lOst. 121 b.; alid aged,. llst.—
The best of three two-mile heats'. Mares and Geldings al-
lowed 31b. , , ,
Mr. Addy's b. c. Haphazard, 3 yrs old . - 1 1
Capt. Dundas's ch: h. Lysander, aged 3 ' 2
Mr. Caward's b. g. Johnny Raw, 5 yrs old • 2 3

At the late Salisbury Assize's, a cause was tried
at the Nisi Prius, the KING V. PICKERINC, Esq.
removed froM the Quarter Sessions by Certiorari
to the Court- of-King's Bench. It appeared in
evidence that the prosecutor, Mr. James Aldridge,
a Gentleman retired from business; and now re-
siding at Romsey, was on •the 6th of September
last, shooting on the lands of his sister, I\lrs:
Elizabeth Devenisli, ofißuilford near Salisbury.,
near which estate the defendant then also resided-,
'that the prosecutor had marked down a covey of
partridges, which a dog belonging to the.defen-
dant ran in upon and put up ; that on the prose
cutor's requesting the defendant to call off'his
dog, the defendant told him he was not clualified
to kill game ; and on the prosecutor's; replying
that he was as well qualified as the defendant, the
latter threw himself into a most. violent passion,
making use of the grossest ill language, and
which we therefore forbear inserting, and point-
ing a gun at the prosecutor, threatened to blow
out his brains. Mr. 'Baron GRAHAM, in summing
up the evidence, stated to the Jury, that the
conduct of the prosecutor had been proper• and
correct, and that he would have been justified in
knocking the defendant off his horse with the first
weapon he could meet with,; that the only ques-
tion for their consideration, was, whether an as- •
sault had been committed or not, of which, in.his
opinion, they could not entertain a doubt. The
Jury (which at' the instance of the defendant was
special) immediately returned a verdict of Guilty,
and the defendant will be called up to; receive
judgment in the Court -4?)f King's &nal, in
chaelmas Term next. Cotinsel for, the prosecu-
tion. Mr. Seijeant YELL and Mr. BURROW j for
the, defendant, Mr. GASELEE and Mr. REDHEAD
YORE.

SURREY. AS SI LES.

GUILDFORD, THURSDAY, JULY 30.

THE KING V. WEATIIIIRSTONE.

This was an indictment aga:nst -the Defendant
'for a nuisance, in erecting a soap manufactory in
the Kent Road, near the Elephant and Castle, tb
the annoyance of all his-neighbours..
Several witnesses residing in the :immediate
neighbourhood were called, who proved that the
stench was so intolerable that their houses were
.rendered quite uninhabitable. The- place where
the manufactory was built was formerly a stable-
yard, surrounded by respectable houses, which,
since the opening of the soap manufactory, had
been so much annoyed, that the womeu'were
frequently-made so sick as induced a vomiting.
This case being proved by several witnesses,
Mr. Serjeant.'BisT, for' the defendant, con-
tended, that the factory was in. an objectionable
situation ;'that the business must be carried ou
somewhere, and there was not -a less objection-
able •spoeto be found, inasmuch as it was sur-
rounded by manufactories of a like nature ; that
the smell of the soapmaker wasrblended with that
of a varnish-thaker, a catgut-maker, a tanner,_ a
tallow-Chandler, who were all fixed in the same
spot, and that his client only added a little to the
odoriferous smells already planted-there. Ile ac-
cordingly examined whether these trades did not
also incommode the neighbourhood by i*.eir
smells.

Lord ELLE N' nonlovofi observed, that although a
Blau. Was. halt killed by one sti.nk, it was no war-
rant fur another.tO kill him outright with another,
and the fact of the nuisance was clearly proved.;
bat as it was desirable at all times not to destroy a
manufactory 'on- which great SUMS had perhaps
been expended, be wished that it should lie •in-
spected by competent persons, who might point.,
out such modes of working as might reduce the
annoyanee. The Defendant was accordingly fOund
guilty, ;with an undertaking, on his part, that he
would, in future, conduct his business in a man-
ner to be pointed out by two persons named, so as
not to annoy his-neighbours in future. •