The Sun.
London, England, 1847-11-08 00:00:00

TILE SUN, LONDON,

meeting of Parliament. The questions of tenant
right or tenant compensation, and many others re-
lating to the
,due development of the industrial re-
sources of Ireland, although of the deepest interest
and of the most vital importance to the permanent
welfare of the Irish people and the permanent tran-
quillity cf their country, may be postponed until the
ordinary period of the assembling of Parliament, but
the means of feeding the people throughout the winter
admits of no delay. In common with the monetary
laws, thathave occasioned such fearful calamities in our
own country, it demands instant attention and imme-
diate legislation. The Irish themselves will participate
as fully as the British people in the benefits to be derived
from the abolition of the fatal enactments that have led
to such repeated fluctuations during the last twenty-
eight years ; they suffer, perhaps, more severely than
we do from a restricted currency, inadequate to the
exigencies and the wants of the empire. An enlarged
and adequate circulation will carry prosperity even
to the most remote districts in Ireland. It will en-
able the enormous mass of labour in the country to
be put in motion and directed to useful objects. The
suggestion of the Irish Council, that the Government
should issue at least 2,000,0001. in Treasury deben-
tures receivable in payment of taxes is a valuable
one, but there is no reason why the advantages
thereof should be restricted to Ireland, or why Eng-
land and Scotland should not share the boon. The
present fearful depression, the depreciation in the value
of every description of property, the impossibility of
procuring funds for any speculation, however promising,
is owing, as we hare repeatedly pointed out—not to
any want of real capital, but to a deficiency of repre-
sentatives of that capital. When that radical defect
is remedied—and until it is so, there can be no per-
manent or real prosperity for the nation—there will
be no want of funds for effecting internal improve-
ments. Let the Irish representatives then co-operate
with their English brethren in giving the
death-blow to the Acts of 1819 and 1844. Let
them not be satisfied with any half measures, or any
propping up of the condemned principle, but demand
a new financial code, giving free trade in gold as
well as in everything else, and they may be assured
that in so doing they will effect more for their native
land than by the triumphant success of any measure
exclusively relating to Ireland.

A letter from Ancona in the Augsburg Gazette
states, on the authority of accounts from Athens, that
the French party has lost ground considerab'y since
the death of M. COLETTI, and that the English Am.
bassador now exercises great influence.

The Prussian Universal Gazette of the ad has a
long and not very mild notice of the different articles
of ,the Journal des Debuts, recommending the union
of the minor states of Germany, with a view to
counterpoise the influence of the Great Powers.
The Gazette says—" To divide and corrupt, if not by
money at least by honeyed words, and to excite the
small against the large states, is the manoeuvre of the
Debuts."

The inhabitants of Fivizzano positively refuse to
be transferred from Tuscany to Modena, and have
shut the gates of their city against the Modenese
troops.

Letters from Pontremoli say that the inhabitants of
that place have seized the citadel, and have armed the
city guard with the muskets found there.
It is stated in a letter from Rome that a criminal
prosecution of the Prince DE CANINO (LucIEN Bo-
NAPARTE) is to take place, for his conduct in the
events of the 7th and Bth September.
It is said that the POPE has received a petition from
the Catholic College of the Grisons, praying him to
order the Jesuits to withdraw from Lucerne, and it
is added, that the POPE is about to assemble a con-
clave, to which he will submit a proposition for the
abolition of the society of the Jesuits.

The writer of a letter from Berne, dated Nov. 1,

in allusion to the reports which have appeared, of a
collision between the troops of the Vaud and those of
Valais at St. Maurice, says—
" I have just read the last official dispatches, and
am able to tell you that up to yesterday nothing of the
kind has taken place, although the contact of the two
armies, and the extreme irritation which prevails on
both sides. may easily bring on acts of hostility much
more quickly than could be wished. To-morrow, or
the day after, at the latest, the Diet will issue the
decree for carrying its resolutions against the Sonder-
bund into execution ; and it is probable that on
Wednesday or Thursday hostilities will commence at
all points. In the meanwhile troops are continually
passing through this town. To-day four batteries of
i3ernese artillery, making a ♦ery fine appearance,
filled our principal street from one end to the other.
We are expecting immediately the troops of the
Vaud, who, according to the testimony of eye-wit-
nesses, cannot be equalled in zeal and enthusiasm.
The municipality of Berne, where the Conservative
elements predominate almost exclusively, and which
has never been upon a good understanding with the
Government, having pretended that it was not bound
to provide a building for the offices of the federal war
commissariat, has been compelled by military force to
appropriate a part of the Hotel d'Erlach, which was
the residence of the French Ambassadors under the
empire and the restoration."

A Lucerne journal announces that the triple
landrath of Zug has decided, by a majority of 114 to
31, to adhere faithfully to its allies of the league
against the Federal Government. As soon as this
decision was known, says another account, Schwytz
sent two companies of troops to occupy the town of
Zug. The canton of Lucrne has been placed in a
state of siege by a decree of the 30th ult.

The Bale Gazette, of the 4th, states that it has been
decided to establish two councils of war, one at Berne,
and the other at Zurich.

The Government of the Grisons, which has met
with great difficulties in assembling its contingent,
has, it is said, sent three Deputies to Lucerne and
Berne, instructed to use language of conciliation.
It appears that the Friburgers have resolved to cut
off the two magnificent suspension bridges leading t(
their capital, which, it is well known, are thrown
from one mountain to another over ravines many
hundred feet deep and nearly as many wide.
It appears that the division of the Federal army
under the command of M. OCHSENBEIN, the President
of the Diet' has occupied the canton of Neufchatel
without firing a shot. This occupation has the double
object of forcing Neufchatel to fulfil its federal obli-
gations by furnishing its contingent against the can-
tons of the Sonderbund, and to intercept the commu-
nications between Friburg, Lucerne, and the exterior.
Bale- Ville is said to have decided on sending..its con-
tingent to the federal army.
The Swiss Federal Gazette, of the 3d, has the fol-
lowing from Rheinach, in the canton of Argau, dated
the 2d :--

" This evening five soldiers of a battalion of Land-
sturm, of Lucerne, took refuge in the territory of
Argau. They state that on the first opportunity
there will be numerous desertions from their bat-
talions."

The Federal Government of Switzerland has ad-
dressed the following proclamation to the army :
" Citizen Soldiers—The Swiss Confederation, our
common country, has called us to arms. You have
responded to the summons with a promptness worthy
of mea of courage, ready to shed their blood in the
accomplishment of the most holy of duties, the safety
of the country. You are now going to march against
the separated alliance, called the Sonderbund. This
time again you will confound the calculations of those
who have done you the injustice to reckon on your defec-
t don. The enemies of the country are endeavouring
to make it believed that it is in order to destroy the
cantonal sovereignty of the states of the separate alli-
ance that you are summoned to march ; that it is to
destroy their political and religious liberty—to
subject them to the yoke of tyrannical majorities—
to overturn the federal institutions—to constitute a
unitary government on their ruins, and to sap the
bases of social order. These are dious calumnies.
You have to make the compact, which is the Federal
Constitution of Switzerland, respected—to re-estab•
lish order, tranquillity, and the security of the
country—to put down revolt—to preserve Switzer-
land from anarchy, and to bring back to obledience
to the laws and to the federal authorities populations
led away by those who turn their credulity to ac-
count. You will have to deliver Switzerland from
those evil-minded persons, who for more than half a
century have been fomenting troubles, with a view to
put down and falsify the principles of liberty, of
equality before the law, and of justice, which our
forefathers established and set down in the constitu-
tions of the confederated states. That party, under
lying pretexts, has
incolingnocluded the separate alliance,
known by the name of the Sonderbund, the real'
object of which is
ournatrei
de-
mocracy to its undermine our
order. to render it subservient
rto bend principles,
to keep the
yoke,T.
to odious designs.
This impious league is a poison

IVI. 0 N I) A Y

' which Switzerland ought to fling away from her
bosom. Thus, in order to preserve the confederation
from such a cause of dissolution, Art. 6 of the federal
compacts declares expressly that the cantons cannot
form unions prejudicial to the confederation or to the
rights of the other Swiss states.' But the Sonder-
bund is one of the unions prohibited by the compact.
A private political alliance, forming a confederation
within a confederation, is destructive of the common
, alliance; it is a germ of destruction and death that
must be extirpated, concluded as it is to resist by
force of arms the decisions of the Diet, which are all
founded on the provisions of the compact; the sepa-
rate alliance is an act of rebellion by a factious
minority against decrees passed by the competent
authority. It is in consequence of that clear and
express declaration that the Diet, on July 20, 1847,
passed a decree asserting that—' 1, The separate
alliance of the seven states of Lucerne, Uri, Schwitz,
Underwalden, Zug, Friburg, and Valais, is declared
incompatible with the provisions of the federal com-
pact, and consequently dissolved. 2, These cantons
are responsible for the observance of the present
decree, and the Diet reserves to itself the right to
adopt, if circumstances demand it, ulterior mea-
sures to cause it to be respected.' In place
of submitting to this decision, the Sonderbund
protested against it, addressed to the people incen-
diary proclamations, caused arms and ammunition to
be brought from foreign countries, erected fortifica-
tions, collected together and armed troops. However,
before having recourse to arms, the Diet attempted
all that was in its power to prevent the effusion of
blood. It addressed to the cantonal authorities and
to the people of the seven states a proclamation full
of kindness and respect for the sovereignty and rights,
the liberty and religion of these cantons. It delegated
to them federal representatives. But in vain. Except
at Zug, the federal representatives were not admitted
to speak to the Government, still less to the people.
It was forbidden to publish the proclamation of the
federal assembly ; the Lucernese Government even
went the length of menacing with imprisonment and
criminal prosecution such citizens as should distri-
bute it. Other attempts at conciliation have pro-
duced no result. The Deputies of the Sonderbund,
by making unacceptable propositions, by, above all,
demanding a general laying down of arms, have
shown clearly enough that they desired to paralyse
the execution of the law, to give themselves the
appearance of being anxious for peace, and to create
a pretext to quit the Diet, crying out injustice and
tyranny. They have, in fact, withdrawn from the fede-
ral assembly, and quitted the Vorort, on Oct. 29, after
handing in a declaration and a manifesto already
printed. Such is the manner in which the Sonder-
bund has raised the mask, and thrown down the
gauntlet to the Swiss Confederation. Soldiers, you
will know how to take it up ! In presence of that
declaration of war, and after having exhausted all
pacific means, the Diet considered it its duty, in
virtue of articles 1,6, and 8 of the Federal Compact,
to have recourse to arms to enforce obedience, to ob-
tain a complete reparation, and reduce the abettors of
rebellion and disturbance to a state of impuissance to
injure Switzerland. The Governments of the Son-
derbund have acted contrary to their duty towards
the Swiss Confederation in breaking with it, and in
taking up arms. Thus, such citizens of the separate
alliance as shall openly declare for the Confederation,
shall enjoy full protection. Soldiers of all arms and
grades, Switzerland and the world have their eyes
fixed on you. The nation places unlimited confidence
in your courage, devotedness, and discipline. To
the fanaticism of your adversaries, you will oppose
that well-considered firmness, that calm energy, that
self possessed valour, that serenity of enthusiasm,
which the sentiment of a good cause and the en-
lightened conscience of duty impart. You will prove
to your contemporaries and to posterity that you
have not degenerated from your valiant ancestors,
and by your conduct in battle you will add a fresh
wreath to that crown which encircles the brow of our
country; and you will inspire foreign powers with a
salutary respect for Switzerland and her army. You
will conquer those who would resist you, arms in
hand, or who may have the boldness to attack you.
But, whilst obeying the inexorable laws of war, you
will know how to unite magnanimity to the necessi-
ties of combat ; you will never forget that your op-
ponents are for the most part misled men, confede-
rates, and brothers, whom you have to cause to return
to their duty. Your flag is that of the authority of
the confederation, of the integrity of a common coun-
try which shelters the cantons and their sovereignty,
of Swiss nationality, in a word, with liberty, order,
and security. It is to put down the standard of sepa-
ration, that you have hastened to range yourselves
under the red and white banner of Switzerland with
its federal cross—a banner which is the symbol of
faith and of bravery; it is to extinguish the incen-
diary torches of discord and to save Switzerland from
anarchy, that you have risen en masse; it is to insure
to twenty-two cantons a durable peace that you have
taken up arms. A grateful country will recompense
your services, and will take care of the widows,
children, and parents of such of you as shall have
shed their blood for it. May the God of armies
watch over you, fortify your hearts, enlighten your
minds, strengthen your bodies, and support you in
the fight ! May God protect Switzerland and bless
our cause I"

The minor Council of Bale has received peremp-
tory orders from General DUFOUR to place its con-
tingent at his disposal. Its battery of artillery is to be
immediately marched to Liestall and thence towards
Soleure. The battalion of infantry is to remain for
the present stationary in the city, but from the pre-
sent moment is to consider itself as attached to the
federal army, and wear the red and white brassards
on their arms.

The forces of the federal army, consisting of the
contingents of the cantons of Zurich, Berne, Glaris,
Soleure, Bale-Campagne, Schaffhausen, Saint Gall
Grisons, Argau, Thurgau, Tessino, Vaud, and Ge-
neva, are seven companies of sappers, twenty4our
batteries de campagne, seven batteries de position,
twenty-one companies of cavalry, twenty.eight
companies of carabineers, and fifty-eight battalions
of infantry. The forces of Bale-Ville and Neuchatel,
the neutral cantons, are two batteries de eampagne,
two batteries de position, two companies of cara-
bineers, and three battalions of infantry. Those of
the Sonderbund, consisting of the contingents be-
longing to the cantons of Uri, Schwytz, Uuterwald,
Lucerne, Zug, Friburg, and Valais, are three batte-
ries de campagne, one battery de position, 2i com-
panies of cavalry, twelve companies of carabineers,
and fourteen battalions of infantry.

Madrid papers of the Ist instant have arrived.
The Clamor Public° states that there is a split be-
tween NARVAEZ and CHRISTINA, and that MoN,
PIDAL, and GONZALES BRAVO are plotting the over-
throw of the Cabinet.

The Eco del Conzercio announces the departure
of General CONCHA from Barcelona on an expedition
against the Carlists. The same paper contains some
exposures of abuses on the subject of the capitalisation
of the QuBEN-MoTirsa's pension, and the payment
of arrears by the intendencia militar—the steamer
contract, and the accounts of the house of ARDOUIN
and Co. with the Government. With respect to the
last, it says—" Is it true that the house of ARDOUIN
and Co., whose accounts with our Government are
unliquidated, has offered the Government 600,000,000
of Spanish Five per Cents., with 15 coupons attached,
which form part of the immense security which re-
mained in their hands since the conclusion of their
agency, provided they receive four millions and odd
reels, with the confirmation of their remaining secu-
rities? Is it true that Don CESARE° MARIA SAEZ
went to Paris with a special commission to settle this
business, and that the demands of ARDOUIN and Co.
were granted on September 27 ? Finally, is it true
that ARDOUIN and Co.,
instead of being creditors,
are debtors to the Spanish Government.
General COHHIN, charged with a secret mission
from the Tuileries, arrived at Madrid on the night of
the 28th ult.
It is said that various new arrangements of offices
in the palace had been effected, in consequence of
the establishment of the post of governor.
The Political Chief of the Canary Islands has or-
dered that all articles coming from the island called
Great Canary shall be subjected to a quarantine of
five days, in consequence of an epidemic disease
having broken out. Measures have also been taken
at Cadiz to prevent the disease from entering Spain,
and a medical commission has been sent to examine
into it. Earnest hopes are expressed that it may not
turn out to be the yellow fever.
,M
The Bank of San Fernando has arranged with the
of Finance to pay the dividend on the
Three per Cents. due on the Ist of January, 1848.
It being the Feast of All Saints, the Bourse re-
mained closed.

We have received the Paris papers of Friday and
Saturday.

The hebats of Saturday states that there is reason
to believe that the Caisse des Depots et Consignations
has decided not to take any part in the new loan.
The National of Friday propounds the three follow-
ing objections against the proposed bidding on the
part of the Bank of France for the loan—first, such
bidding is illegal, inasmuch, as by the Bank charter,
the directors are forbidden to immobilise the capital