The Sun.
London, England, 1847-07-10 00:00:00

JULY 10, 1847.

SOCIETY OF PAINTERS IN WATER COLOURS.
THE FORTY-THIRD ANNUAL EXHIBI-
TION NOW OPEN, at their Gallery, 5, PALL-MALL
EAST, each day, from Nine till Dusk, WILL CLOSE July 17.
Admittance, One Shilling. Catalogue, Sixpence.
J. W. WRIGHT, Sec.

THREE HUNDRED POUNDS REWARD,
Whereas about eight o'clock on the morning of Wednesday,
the 7th of July instant, a daring attempt was made by three men,
in Mitre-court, Wood-street, Cheapside, to Rob the Lombard-street
Letter-carrier of the Letters he was proceeding to deliver. He was
knocked down and severely beaten with a life-preserver, which was
found near the spot.
Whoever will give such information as shall lead to the apprehen-
sion and conviction of the offenders, shall be entitled to a REWARD
of THREE HUNDRED POUNDS, payable on conviction. Apply
to M. B. Peacock, Esq., solicitor, General Post-office, London.
General Post-office, 7th July, 1347.

LORD FITZHARDINGE.
Ta THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES.
Sir,—Havin g seen a letter in the Times, addressed to
you by Lord F ltzhardinge, I trust you will give this an
equally fair in sertion.
You can put no other construction upon the offer made
to me by Lord. Fitzhardinge than that it was an attempt
to purchase "•the representation of a county."
His Lordship finds there is an objection to swallow
his nominee, Mr. Grenville Berkeley. He can't force
him on the constituency while lam on the field. On
finding this, and it being represented to him that many
of the nominee's sopporters have struck work, he asks
them if they cannot make terms with me.
They then, on his Lordship's part, offer me, the pre-
sent representative and successful opponent of the no-
minee, money for my retirement; and they propose to
bind me, not only not to sit if elected, but also if I retire
I am not to make use of my vote as an elector according
to my conscientious desire; and I am to discountenance
in my friends all opposition to the lordly will.
I say, Sir, that a more gross violation than this of
privilege
t hoef
dPhat ryl i
ea
fmae nt
Peer, o ra
nadn
Laetrt
de m-Lpi te
ua.t
_ _
outraged the history of county repre-_
sieergreatereni natitt,ol
nevh.aaernvi ade r
pc
re
i

Add Co this the fact, that to aid the return of the no-
minee, and to cast a shadow of unpopularity upon me,
the Lord-Lieutenant coerced his tenantry to desert my
troop of yeomanry, through fear of losing their farms,
and you have the most flagrant interference with the
freedom of election before you that can well be
imagined !
The last paragraph in the Lord-Lieutenant's letter
states " that no such consideration as the purchase of
the representation of the county influenced him in ac-
ceding to the terms proposed to me. He had family
reasons for the concession he made."

It is somewhat late for his Lordship thus vaguely t 6
talk of " family reasons," and it would be curious, after
all that the world knows of this quarrel, to hear what
these " family reasons" were, of so much weight with
him as to " induce concession."

As to his having had " the sanction of persons of the
highest rank and character," &c., all I can say is, that
all " the sanction" in the world can't mend the matter,
and that the man or men, whoever they be, whether
high or low, who sanctioned such proposals as those
made to me (they are in writing, and can't be flown
from), coupled as they were with political contingencies,
venal and disgraceful, not only collectively insulted or
endeavoured to entrap a gentleman who now holds them
in utter contempt, but also they were guilty of conduct
unconstitutional, unparliamentary, and infractive of all
usages of society. No matter who sanctioned it, the
monstrous fact cannot be changed.
I am a soldier, a magistrate, and a Member of Par-
liament. The Lord-Lieutenant, colonel of militia, and
head of the local magistracy, who now talks of " family
reasons inducing him to concession," has made public
charges against me, for political and private purposes,
which I have proved, and am ready to prove, to be false.
If his charges had been true, so disgraceful and grave
were they (in writing too), that they ought to have re-
moved me from every honourable and gallant commission
I fill.

In rebutting those charges, I made accusations against
him in return, which, if true, as I publicly uphold them
to have been and to be, coupled with this attempt to
purchase the constituency, ought certainly to remove
him from our Lord-Lieutenancy and colonelcy of the
South Gloucester. On the other hand, if false, my name
should be erased from the commission of the peace for
having made them. _ _

The Lord-Lieutenant is rich, and by acres and posi-
tion powerful, and lam poor. Hence the difficulty of
obtaining redress or investigation into oppression.
I hold it, Sir, to be time for the Government to inter-
fere, and to revoke their appointment to the highest
local office under the Crown, all just claim to the conti•
nuance of which the individual in question has forfeited.
Your most obedient,
GRANTLEY F. BERKELEY.
Cox's Hotel, July 9.

ANOTHER NEW PLANET.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES.
Sir,—Hoping that the weather would have enabled
me to accompany it with this night's meridian observa-
tions of the new planet, whose discovery I doubt not it
announces, I have delayed transmitting you till the last
moment the following copy of a letter which I received
this afternoon from Professor Schumacher:—
" Altona, July 6.
"My dear Sir,—Mr. Hencke, the discoverer of As-
trma, writes me, that he has found a small star that,
indeed, seems to be a new planet. I have received his
letter so late that there is no more time to-day to print
the circular, so, till next Friday, you must be content
with this previous notice. I subjoin his estimated places.
—Believe me, my dear Sir, yours very truly,
" H. C. SCHUMACHER.
" The star is of the ninth magnitude. Its estimated
places (using Hour XVII, of the Berlin maps) are—
Right Ascen. South Declin.
h. m. deg. min. deg. min.
July 1 10 15 (mean time)... 257 7 -aird 3 43
3 11 45 (mean time)... 256 40 and 3 51
Perhaps, however, to the above I may add from the
above data the following approximate places of the planet
for the next four nights, at about eleven o'clok mean
time in London:—

Right Ascen. South Declin.
• h. m. sec. deg. min. sec.
July 9 ... 17 1 22 ... 4 14 24
10 ... 17 0 29 ... 4 18 18
11 ... 16 59 36 ... 4 22 19
12 ... 16 58 43 ... 4 26 6
The star lies nearly midway between Zeta and
Gamma Ophiuchi; it is not in a very rich part of the
heavens, has an hourly motion of about two seconds of
time in right ascension, and of about ten seconds in de-
clination, so on a fine evening it will be found without
much difficulty. J. SOUTH.
Observatory, Kensington, Friday night,
quarter-past ten, July 9.

HIGH BAILIFFS OF THE NEW COUNTY COURTS.-
Yesterday a deputation of the county high bailiffs,
consisting of Messrs. Lewis (Bath), Balme (Gloucester),
and Foley (Trowbridge), supported by Lord Marcus
Hill, Lord Duncan, the Hon. Grantley Berkeley, the
Hon. Captain Berkeley, R.N., W. Busfield, and W.
Pinney, Esqs., &c., M.P.'s, had an audience at the
Treasury Chambers, and presented memorials on the
requirement of a revision of the present very inadequate
high bailiff's scale of fees, when the subject was fa-
vourably entertained, and a desire expressed that all
statistical information possible should be rendered by
the high bailiffs throughout England and Wales, to
enable their Lordships to give the matter a full and due
inquiry.

MUSSEL FISHERIES.—The Lord Advocate and Mr.
Gibson Craig have introduced a Bill for the protection of
mussel fisheries in Scotland. It declares, " That as it is
expedient that certain of the provisions of an Act passed
in the third and fourth years of the reign of her present
Majesty, and for the better protection of oyster fisheries
in Scotland, should be extended to the mussel fisheries of
Scotland, it is therefore enacted, first, That if any per-
son shall carry away any mussels or any mussel brood
from any mussel bed, scalp laying, or fishery, being the
property and in the lawful occupation of any other per-
son or persons, or body corporate or politic, and suffi-
ciently marked out or known as such, every such offender
shall be deemed guilty of theft, and liable to be sen-
tenced to imprisonment, not exceeding the term of one
year. Second, That if any person shall unlawfully use
any dredge, or any net or instrument, or shall trespass
within the limits of any such mussel bed &c., for the
purpose of taking any mussels or mussel-brood, though
none shall be actually taken, every such person shall be
deemed guilty of an attempt to commit theft, and shall
be liable to be punished by fine or imprisonment, or both,
as the court shall award; such fine not to exceed ten
pounds, and such imprisonment not to exced three calen-
dar months. Third, that nothing in this Act shall pre-
vent any person lawfully entitled, from fishing for any
floating fish within the limits of any mussel fishery, with
any net, instrument, or engine, adapted for taking float-
ing fish only. Fourth, That nothing in this Act shall
prevent any person from exercising any right possessed
of taking bait, or any other right which may now be
lawfully exercised by such person within the limits of
any...such fisheryl"
one of
ATURAL HISTORY.—On Monday last,
those very beautiful and rare fishes, the Opah orelisiaog.
Fish (Lampris guttatus of Cuvier), was taken in
mon nets belonging to Mr. Hector of Aberdeen,
estate of Usan. By the care and attentiomneonf Dawasr. James
Jarvis, Mr. Hector's foreman, the p
deposited in our Museum, is capture was
rt
with
aboveg correct,o
l d
on the adjoining estate
made in the stake nets at Boddnin,
is rather singular that in 1841. a similar
our Museum. The one
excellent preservation. It
of Dunninald, which is
also 46
taken on Monday weighed only
spots on the sides,
Ibsfi.
fish
tinged ghi see
dvoe trwhyei
which in the • specimen
except as to the
...et
and the irides, which are not
801bs. Yarrell's description
are pure silvery Wit-
n
t brilliantlyhis
scarlet, but silvery ground,
Montrose Standard.
MANCHESTER.—EXTRAORDINARY DECLINE IN THE
pßics OF NEW POTATOES.—Amidst all the rubbish
which has been written about the potato crop and the
vo,stator," or, as it has not been inaptly termed, the
vast tater, we fear the great decline in the price of the
little tater has been entirely overlooked, in the anxiety
to learn something about its big brother. In our own
market, on the first of the present month, new potatoes
realised from 725. to 120 s. per load ; but the luxury of
early potatoes no longer existing, they are now offered
at from 20s. to 255. Prices will soon range still lower,
and those who for weeks and months have been content
to put up with American beans, hominy, and other sub-
stitutes, may rejoice themselves over a dish of potatoes.
—Manchester Courier.
BIRMINGHAM SCHOOL: On Saturday last Mr. A.
H. Loais, son of Mr. T. H. Lewis, merchant, of _Bir-
mingham, was elected first -exhibitioner of King Ed-
ward's School, in that town. This is, we believe, the
first instance of a young gentleman of the Jewish per-
suasion obtaining this high distinction in any of the
public schools of England.
The brick-
, STRIKE AMONG TILE BRICKLATEn..
layers and labourers of Derby struck for an advance of
.
wages on Monday. The price dea
per
demanded is 24e
week for the former, and 15s. for latter,thebeing
an
increase of 2s. per wan per week,—Derby Reporter.

,THE BURSTING OF (4; VAUIC-
. HALL BALLffoN.
Mr. H. ,'Coxwell, Editor of (he zErostatic Magazine;
has furnished the lessee of the Royal Gardens, Vaux—
hall, with the following particulars relative to the acci-
dent which occurred to Mr. Gypson's "Albert Balloon,"
which ascended with fireworks from Vauxhall on Tim-
day night, taking up Mr. Albert Smith, Mr. Pridmore,
Mr. Coxwell, and Mr. Gypson.
" Various rumours, in addition to conflicting written
statements, having been circulated as to the cause and
result of the precipitate descent of Mr. Gypson's balloon
on Tuesday evening near the Belgrave-road, Pimlico, an.
explanation of the circumstances attendant on the mishap
may probably prove interesting. After rising from the
the gardens with an ascending power calculated to insure
a clear start, and to give full effect to the fireworks,
which were suspended by means of a line from the hoop,
the balloon took a course at first across the river in the
direction of the new Houses of Parliament. A few
seconds had scarcely elapsed, before the first whiz and.
flash indicated the combustion of the pyrotechnics. * For an hour and a half before we started the lightning was
incessant, which elicited from our friends and several of
the spectator apprehensions for our safety, and no sooner
had the fireworks been discharged than a vivid flash oc-
curred, for the moment it appeared as if the heavens
were on fire, and that our destruction was certain. The
appearance of the regions above was awfully grand.
The expansion that succeeded was immense, and we all
were convinced that the gas was escaping from the
neck. Mr. Gyspon immediately took the valve line,
with the view of relieving the upper part of the bal-
loon. That operation was unfortunately delayed a few
seconds too long, for, notwithstanding that the lower
valve was fully open, the silk sustained a fractare,
which occasioned us to drop, and hang a considerable
distance under the balloon. The responsible, and indeed
critical position I filled provoked the charge of my hav-
ing done something that was uncalled for, and in conse-
quence of its being groundless I state thus much. In an
instant the ballast was discharged, and the line connecting
the lower valve to the hoop immediately cut. The silk
then formed, as it were, into a spacious and perfect para-
chute, and we descended with gyrations indicative of ra-
pidity and also danger. Presently myriads of the gas-
lights which shone so brilliantly but a moment before,
appeared to be rising to us, and instantly the car and the
ground came into fearful collision. The spot where we
descended was close to some unfinished houses and
building material• in the l3elgrave•road, Pimlico, about
a mile from the gardens. Our course having been
semi-circular, providentially we all escaped without in-
jury, and the balloon is but slightly damaged. I have
no hesitation in stating that the accident was entirely
attributable to the state of the atmosphere influenced by
the lightning."

A BANKER AND HIS NIGHTCAP.
The Journal du Havrc relates an incident in which
the chief actor is one of the kings of European finance.
The journal prefaces its observations by showing the
danger which there is in delaying the departure of rail-
way trains, a piece of imprudence which has already
caused many accidents. " After such lessons," it says,
" as have already been received, it might be supposed
that no motives would induce the infringement of the re-
gulations of the service, and that the fear only of making
the public run such a risk would be sufficient to en-
sure their maintenance by the companies. If we are
well informed, however, an incident very recently took
place on the Havre Railway, which has fortunately been
fraught with no bad consequences, but which shows
that, in the balance of companies, the grave interest of
public security does not always weigh against the value
of a nightcap! The circumstances are these:—A. wealthy
banker, king of his kind, was called by important busi-
ness to Havre. He had decided upon leaving that town
by the ten o'clock train on the Saturday following his
arrival. Being made aware at a short notice of the
little time left him to get to the train, he quitted the
Hotel Frascati, where he had been staying, and hast-
ened to the station, the preparations for his journey
having been slightly hurried. He reached the station
just as the train was about to start. He had barely time
to jump into the carriage prepared for him, and the
signal was about to be given for starting, when he
perceived that that indispensable covering, with which
he was wont to preserve from the dampness of the
night the seat of those vast speculations which move
the world, had not been left ready for him. His ser-
vants, being instantly called, said that in the hurry of
departure the precious night-cap had been packed up in
the luggage, which was already placed in the truck,
and the time and the hour did not permit even
the thought of getting it out. But no regulation,
however rigorous, can stand against the danger of
exposing so precious a head to a current of air,
which might, by embarrassing the brain, exercise on
the morrow a disastrous influence upen the money
market, and, perhaps, change the destinies of Europe.
The station master was called, and, being informed of
the gravity of the matter, gave instant order for the
stoppage of the train whilst search was made for the ar-
ticle required. A quarter of an hour was taken up in
this operation, and after the delay, of which the
other travellers vainly tried to ascertain the cause,
the train started, and regained by an increased
speed the time which had been lost in searching for
the nightcap of M. de Rothschild. This incident gives
rise to serious reflections. We merely give an account
of it, concluding with a remark which was made by one
of the passengers, to whom the affair was explained, and
who felt astonished at all this fuss about a nightcap,
saying that he never should have thought of such a thing
from M. de Rothschild, who cannot but have been born
" with a eaul."

THE PRISONERS OF TORRES
VEDRAS.

The following is quoted by an evening contemporary
as an extract of a letter from Colonel Forman to Count
Mello:

" Fort St. Michael, Loanda, April 12.
"We arrived here on the 25th of March last, and on
the 27th twelve of us were transferred to this fort, in-
cluding General Celestino, and have remained in close
confinement ever since, divided in two prisons.
During the day our door is allowed to remain
open, but at sunset the adjutant comes to close it
himself. All letters that are either sent by us or received
are read first by Oliveira, the governor of the fort.
The remainder of the prisoners were left on board.
Count Bowfin, and his son Lewis, were sent on board
the corvette Relampago. Six were afterwards sent to
the fort of Penedo, situated at the entrance of the bar,
and six to that of St. Peter. Count Bomfin's son, Joza
Bento, and Major Horta, were sent to Benguela; Girao
and Surumenho to Golego Alto ; Moraes and three
others to Massagano. Count Villa Real and Don Jamie
were sent here yesterday. On the 28th my companions
in this fort addressed a petition to the Governor of An-
gola to grant us some means of subsistance, but up to the
present time we have had no answer. The gen-
rosity of the merchants of this town and ladies, however,
thank God, has preserved us. The first subscribed

1,700,000 milr. (3900, the latter 800,000 milr. (1801.),
not forgetting that of the naval officers on this station,
of 335,000 milr. (801.), as well as that of the Noble Mar-
quis of Fayal, who sent us, before we left Lisbon, all
sorts of provisions, clothes, &c., and placed at the dis-
posal of Count Villa lieal the sum of 100 moidores, to
be distributed among us on our arrival at our destination.
You will, therefore, perceive, my dear friend, should you
be unlucky enough to fall into their hands, what you
may hope for."

SLAVERY in the UNITED STATES.
The following is an extract of a letter from a gentle-
man in New York—an ofee•bearer in a Presbyterian
church:—

" The Bible Society has declared that it will not give
the Bible to slaves even where they are able to read.
The Tract Society has positively refused to publish any
tract against slavery, and the other societies stand aloof
from the subject. I would say further that the slave-
holders have declared that they will not tolerate the cir-
culation of any book or tract if it contains a word
against slavery. Therefore the American Tract Society,_.
the Methodist Tract Society, Baptist Publication
ciety, and Presbyterian Board of Publireatzo
.exclude
sla-
very. Thus, crouching to the slave
from their lists every book that has a
might otherwise
ex-
tinguish all light on the subject
whichnot among the be circulated in the free states, if
behove that slaveholders
popula-
tion of the south. I do not
..
I never knew the
in obtaining admission power,
ss i o nt h et
yo
against
anywould find any difficulty
applicant by member o
as if I had asked a
question put to an
royselo,
Are you connected with
apapmlyinister or
aofsethsseiocnhu(recxhceesptwbere
And when
I have put the question, the other
slavery ?
members of the sessionthhenyvetoiooked
very improper question. In all the churches the same
distinction prevails as in the pro•slavery churches
of the south. They all have the negro pew ; all admi-
nister the sacraments to the coloured members after the
whites. A large majority of the ministers here have
not opposed public opinion by honestly espousing the
cause of the slave. They find the mass of their
churches throughout the states so violently opposed to
the abolition of slavery that their characters and their
livings would be at stake. Nor is this all ; the greater
part of the ministers themselves are opposed to the
freedom of the slave, and being linked together by ec-
clesiastical bodies, it requires a much larger share of in-
dependence of character than falls to their share to take
a manly firm stand against the crime of slaveholding.
They have quite enough light and quite enough con-
science to feel its deep iniquity, but they have too much
regard for their reputation, and too much fear of offend -
ing
their colleagues, to risk the honest expression of
their opinion."—Scotsman.-

HER RING Fl S RING —WICK JULY .—Little has
yet been done in the fishing. On Wednesday morning,
Donald Bain again brought ashore about a crap; but
attempts 'made by others were unsuccessful, until this
morning, when the same individual brought ashore up-
wards or 12 crans of capital fish, another boat had about
7 crans, and another 5. We believe they have been sold
at 265. per barrel, and part at 245. The fishermen in-
form us that Reiss Bay is full of herrings, but that they
or
o om herrings
and
have
are still small, and the nights are yet rather clear. They
g here the
m week,the 14 6e 0w 5s barrels Loch b f
are, however, in high hopes of success, at the proper
Seal-
loway, making a total import, since the 10th of May, of
3,667 barrels. Since last report two vessels have cleared
btielnene. landed Dur in
out with cargoes for the Continent, consisting of 620
barrels.—John 0 Groat Journal.

A report having been industriously circulated that
it is intended by the Jewish electors of the city of
London to vote for Baron Lionel de Rothschild only, and
not for the other three Liberal candidates, we deem it
our duty to state, without fear of contradiction, that it is
the determination of the Jews, as a body, with respect to
this important selection, to give their entire support to
the whole of the Liberal candidates, viz., Russell, Patti-
sou, Larpept, and Aothschild.—Jewish Chronicle.

;~,