The Sun.
London, England, 1847-10-29 00:00:00

COLONIAL.

Su-GAlL—Rather more Clisposin to do business has
been apparent this week in the market for British Plan-
tation, and somewhat improved rates have been obtained.
Barbadoes by auction has realised 43s 6d to 45s for fines
yellow, and 39s to 40s 6d for mid. Berbice has been
taken in 33s 6d to 34s per cwt.
REFlNED.—Standard lumps have been quoted 52s to
52s Gd per cwt.
EAST INDIA.-10,658 bags Mauritius sold at 6cl to
Is advance; low brown 27s Gd to 28s, mid to good 29s
6d to 31s, and ord to fine grey 33s to 38s per cwt.
Madras 4,252 begs sold 6d higher, mid soft brown
27s 6d, and low 29s 6d. Privately white Bengal has
been 6d to is dearer, and by auction 1,470 bags sold at
42s to 45s for mid and good white; 1,746 bags Manilla
sold at 36s to 38s 6d for washed and damp yellow, and
643 baskets Java at 41s to 46s 6d for good and fine
yellow, and at 38s 6d to 40s 6d for low and mid.
COFFEE.—Jamaica has realised fair rates, ranging
from 24s to 90s per cwt. Ceylon has been sold at 31a
to 64s Gd; good ord, 32s to 32s 6d; and low mid coloury
plantation, 50s per cwt. There has been only a mode.
rate business privately in other descriptions.
COCOA.—Trinidad has been sold at 42s 6d per cwt.
Rum.—Jamaica and East India have realised fuller
prices.

RICE.—The market has been rather quiet since this
day week.

SPICES.—The transactions in Pimento, Cassia Lignea,
Pepper, &c. have not bt en extensive.
COTTON.—This article is at rather fuller rates.
TEA.—The market is quiet.
TALLow.—P.Y.C. has been at 44s 6d to 45s per cwt
on the spot, and Town 48s.

CRIMINAL COURT.—(THIS DAY.)
OLD COURT.
(Before the CHIEF BARON and Mr. Justice
CRESSWELL.)

The following sentences were passed this morning :
Mary Ann Johnson, for uttering counterfeit coin,
to seven years' transportation. His Lordship, in
passing the sentence, said, as she was an old offender,
it was necessary to visit her repeated course of con•
duct in guilt with a severe punishment.
Edward Jones, described as a sailor, and found
guilty of rape upon Ann Pipe, to two years' impri'
sonment and hard labour. His Lordship said then
were mitigating circumstances in this case.
John Ridley, found guilty of stealing an iron
weight and a bag, the property of his master, Daniel
Cloves and another, to eighteen months' imprisonment
and hard labour. The prisoner, on leaving the dock,
thanked his Lordship in an impudent manner for his
sentence.

NEGLECT OF A BANKRUPT TO ATTEND ma FINAL
EXADIINATION.—George Hilton, a grocer, aged 28,
was indicted for felony, for not attending to be ex-
amined at the Court of Bankruptcy, he having been
adjudged a bankrupt.
Mr. Clarkson and Mr. Bodkin attended for the pro-
secution ; and the prisoner's case was conducted by
Mr. Ballantyne and Mr. Parry.
Mr. Cr.Auxsoil opened the case for the prosecution.
He said that a fiat of bankruptcy was issued against
the prisoner on the Bth of March last, and the neces-
sary notices were inserted in the Gazette on the 16th.
He then surrendered to the Court of Bankruptcy on
the 224 of March, underwent an examination on the
25th, and his final examination was appointed for the
27th April, on which day, however, he did not appear
at the court. On inquiries being made by the soli-
citor to the fiat, it was found that he had absconded to
France, and that be was in the habit of occasionally
making trips from the French coast to England. An
officer was therefore sent to watch his movements,
and he was taken into custody on the English coast
a short time previous to the present indictment being
laid against him. The Learned Counsel then sub-
mitted that the proper notices having been given to
the prisoner under the 32d section of the Bankruptcy
Act, he was bound to attend to undergo his final
examination, and that his neglect to do so amounted
to a charge of felony.
James Johnson, clerk in the Bankruptcy Court,
produced the fiat, dated the Bth of March, and also
the notice in the Gazette, dated the 16th of March,
and deposed to the prisoner's non-attendance on the
27th of April, for the purpose of undergoing his final
examination.

Edmund Miller, officer in the Bankruptcy Court,
proved the service of the necessary summonses upon
the prisoner.
Mr. BALLANTYNE and Mr. PARRY both addressed
the Court on his behalf, and contended that having
submitted to a first examination he had complied with
the Act of Parliament as far as any penal consequences
were concerned.

Further arguments having been adduced by the
counsel on both sides, _

The CHIEF BARON, in summing up, said he con-
ceived the offence with which the prisoner was
charged to be one of the least criminal acts which a
man could commit, but he also conceived it to be one
of great iniquity and criminality. On the present
occasion he would recommend the jury to find a
special verdict. It appeared to him that all the alle-
gations in the third and fifth counts were made out,
except the charge that the matters done by the
prisoner were done with intent to defraud his
creditors, for no evidence had been given to show that
he had committed any such fraud.
Mr. BALLANTYNE submitted to his Lordship that
the case should be reserved for the final decision of the
fifteen judges.
The CHIEF BARON said there was great inconve•
nience in bringing all the judges together to hear,
perhaps for a whole day, the arguments on any par-
ticular point of law. No doubt, where the life and
liberty of a subject was concerned, it was the duty of
the judges to give their solemn and serious attention
to hear arguments at length upon a point of law, but
it was his duty to take care that the public time was
not wasted in the consideration of matters with respect
to which there was no doubt. He could not, there-
fore, by any means pledge himself to have
the case brought before all the judges. He
expressed a wish, however, that there was some other
mode of disposing of points of this kind. The third
count alleged that the prisoner had been adjudicated
a bankrupt ; that he did not appear on the day
allowed him to finish his examination after notice
thereof in writing had been left at his house; and
that he intended to defraud his creditors by not so
attending. The sixth count was similar to the third,
and it appeared to him that these counts had been
clearly made out, except that part charging the
prisoner with the intention to defraud. His Lordship
then concluded by recommending the jury to find a
special verdict to that effect.
A special verdict was then returned, and the pri'
soner, under a motion in arrest of judgment, will be
brought up next term to receive the sentence of the
Court at Westminster.

MIDDLESEX SESSIONS.
(THIS DAY.)
(Sittings at Westminster.)
The formality of holding a session at the Guildhall,
Westminster, took place this morning, when thirty
six grand jurors were in attendance, besides a large
body of petty jurors.
The grand jury having been sworn, retired, and in
about eight minutes returned into court, and informed
the Judge that there was not one indictment to be
laid before them.

The ASSISTANT-JUDGE— Well, gentlemen, you
have discharged your duty, you may go now, and
thank you, in the name of the county, for your at-
tendance.—(A laugh.)
The ASSISTANT-JUDGE said the whole of the trai.
verse jurors might leave the court, with the exce p.
tion of twelve, who would be required for the bearing
of two cases, which remained over from yesterday s
sittings at Clerkenwell.

Edmund Mulroy, who keeps a beer-shop in Eden-
larre North, Pimlico, was indicted for assaul ting
Police-constable Richard Langley, 222 B, while in
the execution of his duty.
The prosecutor said that, on last Saturday fort-
night, at a quarter to 12 o'clock at night, he was called
by a soldier to take the prisoner's son in-law into
custody for assaulting him, which he did, and was
about taking him to the station-house when he was
attacked by the prisoner and two others, who knocked
1;1111 down several times, and rescued the son-in-law
'rem his custody.
In reply to Mr. O'Brien's cross-examination, the
Witness said he was confident the soldier gave the
3r°llrig man into custody, and when he (witness)
came up he saw the soldier Jying upon the ground,
51)(1 three men ill-treating him. At one o'clock the
Witness went back to defendant's house and took him
r,the station-house. The defendant had on neither
s hat nor coat, and he was locked up until five
°clock on Sunday.
Three witnesses. were called in support of the
I)4l'°secution, one of whom stated that the soldier was
°t, upon the ground at all.
eni..Ayrie, a private in the 2d battalion of the
enadier Guards, -was then called, when he stated
tacto he was at the beer-shop of the defendant on the
11;84 in question. The defendant's son-in-law put
c'°l outside the door, but in doing so used no unne-
essary violence. lie swore distinctly that he never
re the man in charge, nor had he (Ayrie) been
,11°c1ced down and. ill-treated while lying upon the
°r°und, in the meaner states by the constable.
The ASSISTANT'-JUDGE stopped the case. The
constable 4 had clearly no right whatsoever to interfere.
Ayrie had sworn distinctly that he had never given
roan in charge, and also that he had not been at-
cleked while uponi the ground, and another witness,
who
0. was called by the prosecutor, made a similar
eitement. When such a discrepancy as this ap-
P;ared between the prosecutor's statement and those
; his witnesses it; would be quite impossible for the
4111'Y to convict.
:-F„he jury having returned a verdict of Acquittal,
fir. O'Brien complained strongly of the harshness
and tyranny shown by the constable in dragging a
respectable tradesman through the streets, without
at or coat, at half-past one o'clock in the morning,
fW,hell he knew he could be found at any hour on the
..110.vving morning, and locking him up in a cold
The
only a portion of his clothes on.
SSISTANT-JuDon agreed perfectly in the
remarksA
of the Learned Counsel. Even assuming
that the defendant had committed the rescue, he (the
48aistant-Judge) thought it most reprehensible that
Policeman should go to the house of a respectable
;au at one o'clock in the morning and drag him to
11e station-house in an hour after the alleged offence,
Wien he knew he coul4 find him the following day.

BOW-STREET.—(THIS DAY.)
It will be remembered that in the case of Samuel
italphs and Andrew William Barr, who were yester-
day charged with defrauding Mr. Julius Carey of
upwards of 1,4001., by means of foul play at cards, it
Was stated that a warrant had been taken out against
tPerson named Brewer, who has since been captured
y the police, and was brought before Mr. Henry this
teorning..
Ile gave his name as Charles Brewer. He was
Lefended by Mr. Clarkson, who said that he supposed
the Magistrate would take the same course in this
ail" as in that of Barr and Ralphs, that is to say,
()%v the evidence to be read over pro forma, and re-
%and him till Thursday next, in order to bring the
ree
p for examination together.
'"•C.r• HENRY assented, and the statements of Mr.
en and the confederate Lewis, were read over.
sm.":llen Lewis's statement was being read the
(10-.L'Y magistrate inquired what profession he
-rihed himself to belong to.
1„,,-,ene Chief Clerk—l think you said you were a
geon ?
Le •
TisMs—No. I did not say I was anything.
LL's Clerk—What are you then ?
ewis—l am a sharper—a gambler.
k r• Clarkson (to the clerk)—Take that description
doh a
sharper and a gambler."
to bail r• litriltY: remanded the prisoner, admitting him
Vi in the same amount as the other prisoners,
t
his '0 wo sureties in 250/. each, or one in 5001., with
wn recognizance in the same amount.

n-ri,.
—4IBWEL L'S MENAGERIE IN
WINDSOR CASTLE.
, leeti TIIEB6DAY EVENING.—The great. col-
I'W°ll of lions, tigers, elephants, &c., kno” as
•Aol:obwell''s Menagerie," which has been exhibiting
of lndsor fair these last two days, was, by command
theyCh,Majesty, brought into the great quadrangle
oli e lAstlo this morning, and exhibited before the
do:rt and Royal Family. There were at least a
undoun`den large caravans, and these having been arranged,
large
the direction of the resident officers of the
raLar,(l of Works, in front of the Queen's private apart-
"B( on operation which occupied nearly two hours,
PlL'aiesty and the Prince Consort, with the young
Iter":'la and Princesses, and the Duchess of Kent,
1,41-"lPanied. by the Marquis and Marchioness of
atoPdowne and his Excellency the Belgian Minister,
cohattended by all the ladies and gentlemen of the
ter;Art) descended into the Quadrangle, and en-
wa„;" the area of the exhibition over a boarded
eri,„,'" laid on the gravel, and covered with
ille—nas°4 drugget, the band attached to the
The aerie, saluting them with the National Anthem.,
eea 37°11ng woman denominated " The Lion Queen,
oft cu in rather a splendid howdah on the back of one
11. (elephants, made her obeisance to her Majesty
yol"e passed. In the course of the exhibition the
woman entered the dens of the lions and tigers,
put With as much daring as Van Amburgh or Carter,
clue„tilein through a variety of rather alarming exer-
thZ: Her Majesty and the Prince having expressed
th„-baPprobation of the whole affair, the Court and
itri" "(la' children returned into the Palace; and
adit•"rds all the members of the household were
lit Ate&
'The boys of Eton College were also in-
biteif,437 her Majesty's command to witness the exhi-
te:',,and they came in great numbers. Pending this
at o„e' ner Majesty and the royal children were seen
the of of the windows of the private apartments, and
144 'Zero greeted by loud shouts and cries of "God
liorn„r Queen." The menagerie band, assisted by
"wenty or thirty ophicleides, cornets-a-piston,
Etee"opanied by the roaring of the lions, and the
tberalning of the macaws, &c., &c., forming altoge
a concert as never was heard in the royal
Was Lt:.ef°re• It was nearly dark when the castle
tade 4ored to its usual quiet, and the giant caval-
Nirtl "eended the hill and wended its way to less
y Scenes.
prey Majesty and the Prince Consort, with the
ekifr"
of Wales, the Princess Royal, and Prince
clamed, walked in the Home Park after the exhibition

bYlliti.ll.lsll MUSICIANS.—A trial of new compositions,
took members of the Society of British Musicians,
took
4 Flace Yesterday morning at the Hanover Rooms,
Prep.,,`"Y nUmerous band, led by Mr. F. Eames. The
eere''amnle contained a concerto for the pianoforte,
14._psed and
Played by Mr. C. E. Horsley; overtures, by
Haite,
C. Macfarren, A. Mitchell, C. E.
and G. A. Macfarren; and several songs,
he essrs. Haite, Thirlwall, Grave; Rea, and Cocking.
ko_9,l3amber concerts of the society will be resumed on
T., evening.
are a" MISSES PlNE.—These talented young ladies
Of
tv.Ppointed principal soprano singers at the Chapel
136 P°llndling Hospital.
XATEI Or Da. Tarr.—We regret to have to an-
gentleman the death of so well-known and respected a medi-
,_p!itlenian as Dr. Tait, connected with the city police
lonlitshment. The doctor, a few days ago, while fol-
mwling his usual vocation, was seized with a fever, which
I,..tne present time abounds in the city, and expired
''terday afternoon.—Edinburgh ll'eehly Register.
We have much pleasure in stating that Madame
rill and Signor Mario have, with true feeling and
tenerosity sent a donation of 501. to Mr. Frederick
tti'Q4l% for 'the benefit of the children of the late Madame
bettazzi. We sincerely hope that others may follow
example of these distinguiihed artistes.
__ltntaur SUPPLIES.—The consignments of articles
tq!. food frora the United States of America to the so-
tlreland established for the temporary relief of the poor of
s'eland, continue to take place. A vessel arrived from
Y(rilt has brought, as a portion of her general
:4r:160, 468 bags of corn, 309 barrels and 9 other pack-
V of general provisions, and 320 barrels of corn meal,
dressed to the " Society of Friends, Dublin." This
rival took place at the port of Liverpool, on the way
its ultimate destination.
sp. tIIEESEMONGERS' BENEVOLENT INSTITUTION.--
pterday ya meeting of the subscribers and friends of
e above institution was holden at the Londn Tavern,
tl:l,t.seunteral business and the election of additional an.
s from a list of fourteen candidates. The report
stl":k4l that tho institution was making an increased and
Cutd,_Y.progress. During the past year they have had
the four
males and seventeen females on the funds, the
males received 244 and the females
.164 eaeli per
yeaniutn, which, together with the two candidates elected
arleiletlaY, would amount to the large sum of 6.00/. per
The society has
ais„ .01 disbursed in pesionary relief.
F`'lnvested in the funds 6,795/. 4s.
ATAL ACCIDENT ON TIIE BRISTOL AND BIRMINcG.:
thORAILWAY.--.GLOUCESTER, TIEURSDAY.—An ac
; attended with fatal consequences, occurred on
tn • 'A" of railway, near this city, this morning, to an
grPldriver, named Henry Farmer. The particulars
sorieflY as follow appears that the engine which
theeed the melancholy catastrophe was proceeding on
atuteu,P line of rails, with some empty goods carriages
Inlet ued- The unfortunate deceased, who had just left
the 11.er engine on the down line of rails, was going in
the „Ireetion of the engine-house, and while crossing
treiLPPesite rails, the buffers of the up engine came in
i4trict with his person, whereby he sustained such
injury, that death ensued very shortly after-
qtiillee AND PISTOL STOCKS.--The vessel, Fairy
hag i3„' which has arrived off the Tower from Antwerp,
00446,"/111
~ 6t 6,000 gun stocks and 250 pistol stocks,
U•the British Ciournment.

RAILWAY BILLS.
TO THE EIGHT HONOURABLE THE COM-
MISSIONERS OF RAILWAYS, &T.

The Memorial of the Directors of the Chamber of
Commerce and Manufacturers at Manchester, re-
spectfully sheweth,—
That:your memorialists, deploring, in common with
all, the calamities by which the country is on every
side beset, witness, with deep concern, the aggra-
vating effects of the rapid drain of floating capital
for railvvayt purposes; and it being painfully manifest
that the competition for money between the railway
and commercial interests is now wasting the resources
of both, they deem it imperative that some means
should be vigorously and promptly adopted, whereby
the existing pressure may be relieved.
That the present derangement of our monetary
affairs, the injury inflicted on mercantile credit, the
prostration of trade, and the alarming depreciation of
every species of investment, are the consequences
predicted during the activity of rail way legislation,
and foreboded by this Chamber in its petition to the
House of Commons of the 18th of April, 1846, and
in its memorial to the Board of Trade in July of the
same year.
That your memorialists unhesitatingly reiterate
their conviction, that the recent course of legislation,
in reference to railway Bills, has not been of that
judicious or comprehensive character which so im-
portant a subject requires; that railway Bills were
passed without regard to the aggregate amount of
capital which it would be necessary to collect toge-
ther, or to the prudent requirements of the country;
that lines have, in consequence, been constructed, or
are in progress, which have absorbed, and continue to
absorb, an enormous amount of capital, with little, if
any, corresponding advantage to the localities pro-
fessed to be served, whilst in many instances the re-
sources of the country have been literally wasted;
and it is a painful reflection to remember, that the
facilities for this were unsparingly granted by the
Legislature, at a time when the failure of the potato
crop and a deficient harvest obviously demanded an
opposite course.
That your memorialists do not ascribe to this error
of the Legislature all the evils by which they are at
present encompassed : the pressure on mercantile in-
terests, arising from the late deficiency of food, is of
itself a sufficiently grave evil to contend against ; but
the intensity of the pressure is greatly increased by
drains of money for purposes which, in many cases,
might be postponed, with less loss to all parties, were
the term for the completion of them enlarged by Par-
liament.

That your memorialists are not unmindful that, in
many cases, the shareholders in the various lines of
railway throughout the kingdom might, by a resolute
and energetic remonstrance with the respective
directors, avert some of the evils which oppress them,
and your memorialists would gladly see such a
course universally adopted by shareholders ; but the
Legislature invested directors with extensive powers,
at the same time that it imposed a limit for the com-
pletion of the works, within which it was obviously
impossible that the requisite capital could be raised;
and thus has arisen an eagerness, in some cases a ne-
cessity, for collecting compulsory calls which have
entailed, and are still entailing, frightful consequences
—not alone upon shareholders and railway interests
—but upon the general community and especially
upon commerce.

That your memorialists hold it to be among the
first and paramount considerations of Government to
look to the prosperous condition of the commerce and
manufactures of the country, any serious interruption
to which must lead to disastrous results, as is now
painfully verified ; and they respectfully submit that,
as much of the existing calamity is attributable to
the course pursued by Parliament, so is it just that
Parliament should interpose to retrieve its former
error, and assist in arresting, or at least in diminish-
ing, the present antagonism between commercial and
railway interests; and, as they consider such inter-
vention necessary and urgently called for now, your
memorialists earnestly pray
That your Right Honourable Board may forthwith
prepare a general measure which shall have reference
to all the private Bills for the construction of public
works which have been sanctioned by Parliament;
which shall provide powers, for extending the limit
within which former Acts required the completion of
the respective works,—for affording facilities to com-
panies to reconsider their position or to dissole them-
selves,—and for granting such other relief as the ne-
cessities of the country and your wisdom may sug-
gest ; and that such a Bill may be presented to Par-
liament on the first day of the approaching session.
Manchester, October 21st, 1847.

Office of Commissioners of Railways,
Whitehall, Oct. 27th, 1847.

Sir,—l have been directed by the commissioners of
railways to acknowledge the receipt of your commu-
nication of the 23d instant, transmitting a memorial
from the Chamber of Commerce at Manchester ; and
I am to inform you that the memorial will receive
the consideration of the commissioners and the Go-
vernment.

I have the honour to be, Sir,
Your obedient servant,
H. D. HARNESS.
Capt. Railway Engineers.
Thomas Bazley, Esq , President of the
Chamber of Commerce, Manchester.

Chamber of Commerce and Manufactures,
Manchester, October 28, 1847. _ _

Sir,—Under a resolution of the Directors of this
Chamber, I transmit to you, for the information of
the board of directors over whom you preside, a copy
of a memorial which they have recently forwarded to
the Commissioners of Railways; and I am to express
a hope that your Board will concur with them in
thinking that the measure which they propose would
be a salutary one, and tend in its effects to restore, by
legitimate means and with the least injurious inter-
ference, that ease and confidence in monetary affairs
which is so necessary to the resuscitation of commer-
cial activity, and to the preservation of the property of
the country.
It would give pleasure to this Board to know that
the sentiments of your directory are so far in accord
with the prayer of the memorial_as to induce your
energetic promotion of the end in view.—l have the
honour to be, Sir, your obedient servant,
THOMAS BAZLEY, President.

THE MILITIA.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SlR,—The importance of the subject will, I trust,
be considered a sufficient excuse for my troubling you
with a few remarks regarding the militia, which, as
at present organized, all military men must regard as
a most inefficient resource in the want of a sudden
emergency calling for an increase to the military
power of the realm.

As regards the officers, I incline to the opinion that
three years' service in the regular army would be found
to qualify a gentleman for the charge of a company
nearly as well as the possession of 3001. per annum in
land; and so of the superior ranks, the whole of which,
as well as that of captain, I am convinced, could be
supplied from the half-pay list, or from those who
have retired altogether from the service, provided
some slight inducement were held out to the latter
class, such as restoring them to their rank in the ser-
vice, but without pay, and allowing them to retain
that rank after a certain number of years' service.

With respect to the non-commissioned officers and
privates, I consider that, were the same amount as is
at present expended upon the militia laid out upon an
increase of the number of the non-commissioned
officers of the regiments and depots, which are
stationed at home, and were the men, when first
called out, handed over to these regiments and depots
to be drilled and disciplined, they would acquire the
requisite knowledge in far less time, and with far less
drilling and punishing, than if they were at once
formed into separate corps.
The men being drilled, there could be no difficulty
in organizing them in regiments, especially if a
certain number of the oldest non-commissioned
officers were taken from each regiment of the line.
If the oldest were taken, these men would merely
finish their service in the militia, and as they would
be quickly entitled to pensions, were they to continue
in the regular army, but little expense need be in-
curred on their account should their services be no
longer required in the militia.
In conclusion, I have to express a hope that I have
suggested a system that would on trial be found an
efficient one, and that would not prove more costly
than the present one, and
I am your obedient servant,
London, Oct. 28, 1847. N.

Advices from Brussels, referring to the failures,
six in number, whichr took place recently at Ghent,
having interferedposptoects, owing to the Govern-
mentspeak of improved
alreadycted ttoakreeows
T promote freer discounts on
the part of the banks.
cfiertmit,s
havingNN e r
eexpeone of them, P. Vin-
cent,
rieLutleEnUaTnEt 'Uoctrioae7shtreepe. of the suspended
-NCAoloinel°Wirliani Moulden Burton,
EL BURTON, ROYAL
s .loloeld_
an old and distinguished officer of the
on Wednesday, at his resid,mee in Wood N
tir urines, died
on e
wich. The deceased entered the corps as second Lieu-
tenant,December,
August 1800, and his subsequent
ember,
21st
August,
.o . 8 t h
dated as follows :—First Lieutenant;,
Brevet
Major,
1804 ; Captain, Bth of April, 1824
of June, 1838 ; Lieutenant-Colonel, 20th of
1839. Re served in the Baltic, on the coast of Spain,
and in the \Vest Indies, in 1801 and 1802 ; in the North
Seas and West Indies in 1803, 1804, and 1805, and was
wrecked off the West Indies in his Majesty's ship Astrea
in 1808; was Adjutant of the second battalion on the
coast of Spain in 1812 and 1813, and during the whole
of the campaigns in America 1813 and 1814, besides being
frequently ct)4age:l with the enemy in gun-boat affairs.
His demise occasions a vacancy in the Lieutenant-Col-
, onelcies of the corps.

RETROSPECT OF IMP( )13,TANT
EVENTS DURING THE LAST TW YEARS.
(FROM A CORRESPONDENT.)
In continuation of the retrospect ins rted in The
Sun on the 19th, I send you the letter which was
transmitted to Lord John Russell, Sir .tobert Peel,
and others, about the 27th Dec., 1845.
The letter, I am informed, is as folio, im

" There never was a time when the 'prosperity or
adversity of the community depended so much on
legislation as at the present. As SOO' .1 as the mer-
chants importing corn cause an expo) 1. of bullion to
i
pay for it, the Bank of England r lses the rate of
discount, and diminishes the curry ncy. This di-
minishes trade, and thereby lesse' .15; the demand for
corn, agricultural produce, manufa cfmres, and every-
thing else. The banks thereby less, :n the demand for
corn, and stop the export of bulP.o- a. If the Bank
was to allow the bullion to be expv:ted to a consider-
able extent, it would be obliged to stop payment, as
it did in the last century, and Qui disastrous conse-
quences that would follow to the, •whole community it
is quite impossible to estimate.

" The quantity of bank-notes. in circulation in Ire-
land. is generally four or five, rriillions ; in Great.
Britain it is usually about thiity • or forty millions.
The quantity of gold that circul: rtes in Great Britain
is certainly more than eight tin ies the quantity that
circulates in Ireland. What is. the cause of this great
dirference ? The cottages occup led by labourers and
artizans in England are at lersi ; of eight times the
value of those in Ireland. The furniture in the
English cottages is more than: .eight times the value
of the furniture in the Irish cotta .ges. The houses on
building leases and the mansions in England are at
least eight times as valuable as those. in Ireland. The
furniture in them is in the sr us in proportion. The
machinery, the improved harboors, the floating docks,
the canals, and the railroads, :are all of eight times
more value in England than in :Ireland. The durable
transferable property in Engla ad produced by the in-
dustry of its inhabitants is at he as t of eight times the
value of that in Ireland.

" It is obvious that so much. transferrable property
floating among the community must keep in circula-
tion a corresponding quantity of gold and battk-notes,
or it must fall in value below ilk price in other coun
tries, and this appears to me to be the chief reason
why there is more gold and wytes circule.ting in Eng-
land than in Ireland or any other country.
"It is further obvious that the mare this durable,
transferable wealth is increased, the greater quantity
of gold and notes it will keep in circulation. Within
the last fifteen years, nearly 100,000,000/. sterling
has been added to the permanent wealth of this king-
dom in railroads. It is proposed to increase the
wealth of the nation about 80,000,000 i. more by the
railroad Acts passed last session, arid there are 600
plans for railroads deposited with the Board of Trade,
in order to obtain Acts next ses4on. As this in-
creased wealth will materially incre.ase the circulation
of gold and notes, which also incl..ease the price of
and demand for corn, and all other' ananufactures—as
it will increase the rent of land wad increase the re-
venue, it is highly important tha nothing should be
done to prevent it. _

" The increase of the wealth (if the nation in rail-
roads and other durable property is in danger of
being impeded (and probably will be impeded) by
excessive importations of co,:n, and the consequeltt
export of gold to pay for it, :and by the export of gold
to pay for the constructimi of railways in foreign
countries.
"The natural course of coming events, may at pre-
sent be stated as follows :—First, an unprecedented
demand for labour in the manufacture of iron, rail-
roads, and railroad machinery. This will enable
millions to procure an ample supply of bread who
have been obliged to live on scanty meals of bread or
potatoes. This will produce un unprecedented de-
mand for foreign corn, which will occasion an unpre-
cedented export of gold to pay for it. To stop the
export of gold the banks must diminish the currency,
and refuse to make advances, and raise discounts to a
much greater extent than ever it did, before ;# and
to bring the gold barzk the currency must be dimi-
nished still more. This will lessen tne value of all the
property in the kingdom to an enormous amount ;
throw thousands of the industrious classes out of
employment ; bring thousands at present in comfort-
able circumstances to absolute want; ruin bankers,
merchants, and railroad shareholders ; impoverish
landlord and tenant; and make a considerable dimi-
nution of the revenue.

"To avert these evils, I propose that two Acts
shall be passed, of which I send you outlines.:—
" The First. An Act to allow corn to be imported
at a moderate duty (or duty free), and to pre-
vent gold being exported to pay for it.
" Second. An Act to prevent gold being exported
by speculators in foreign railways and foreign
lotteries.

"If these two Acts are passed an increase in the
revenue, rents, the profits of business, and the value
of property rnerally may reasonably be expected for
several years."

-
(TO DE CONTINUED.)
* Oct. 1, 1847.—The Bank refused to make adyances
on Exchequer• bills for the first time.