The Sun.
London, England, 1840-01-10 00:00:00

WORSHIP STREET.

REMORSE.—Yesterday• Thomas Holmes, a young
man of very respectable appearance, was finally exa-
mined upon the double charges of bigamy and of having
robbed, his employer.
On Friday last the prisoner came to this Office and
surrendered himself into the custody of Hayward, one
of the pollee constables attached to the establishment,
to whom he confessed that he had robbed, his master,
Mr. Turner, a musical-instrument maker in Leadenhall-
street. His master, he said, had invariably treated him
with the utmost kindness and liberality, and he expressed
a wish to be transported, as he thought a lighter punish-
ment insufficient to expiate the base ingratitude of which
he had been guilty. He also confessed to having com-
mitted the crime of bigamy, and stated that both his
wives were 'alive. He married the first at Islington
• Church in the year 1832, and the second in 1838, at a
Protestant Church in Limerick. - "

The prisoner handed to Hayward the csrtificates of
both marriages, together with an affidavit as to his hav-
ing pawned a portion of his master's property, the du.
plicates relating to which he bad lost ; and so anxious
was he to make atonement for his offences, that he had
spent the greater part of the preceding day in procuring
the documents that his conviction might be ensured.
Upon hearing the above facts, which the prisoner con-
firmed before him, Mr. GROVE remanded h;ni for the
attendance of his master and the pawnbrokers who bad
possession of the property.
Mr. Turner was now in attendance, and he stated in
answer to the Magistrate's question, that the conduct
of the prisoner 'until he had absconded on the Thursday
before had been apparently such as merited his warmest
approbation. The witness identified a musical snuff
box produced by one of the pawnbrokers, but he begged
the Magistrate to allow him to forego any further pro-
ceedings against the prisoner, as it would be very painful
to his feelings to prosecute him, and the pawnbrokers
had consented to give up the property.
Mr. GROVE observed that it was a fortunate
thing for the prisoner that h:s master was so for-
giving, as he had rendered himself liable to fourteen
years' transportation for the felony, besides the further
term of seven years for marrying two wives.
Mr. Turner said that both the wives had called upon
him since the prisoner had been in custody, and declared
that they freely forgave him the wrongs he had done
them, and were determined not to prosecute him. The
second wife said that she would only remain in thi's
country until she saw him safely through his troubles,
and she would then return to her relatives in Ireland.
Mr. GROVE said he did not know how he could listen
to the extraordinary recommendations in the prisoner's
favour, having no guarantee that the latter would not
resume his bad courses when liberated.

The prisoner, who appeared oppressed with humilia-
tion and remorse, as.mred the Magistrates that his suf-
ferings had been so great since he deviated from the
path of rectitude, that ha was resolved never to trans-
gress again.
Mr. GROVE eventually admonished the prisOner ;n
an impressive manner, after which he ordered his dis-
charge.

ALLOWANCE OF WATER TO

HORSES.

It is by no means an uncommon notion, that if horses
are to be got into condition for work, they should be
allowed to drink but a very small quantity of water. On
what physiological basis this opinion is founded, I confess
appears to me to be a perfect-mlstery. Nevertheless us
in,inv persons adopt this treatment, it is fitting to notice
it. For my own part I have ever found that it is an ex-
tremely bad pi ,n to stint a horse in his water, and have
consequently always made a practice of leaving plenty of
it at all times within reach of every horse I have had:
Of course I do not intend to say that when a horse
conies in heated from exiireise he should be suffered to
drink, or-should have a bdyful of water just prior to
being ridden ; but, if a horse be watered • ad libitum in
the morning, he will not require to drink again for some
hours, and should nover be allowed to do so then unless
perfectly cool. Those horses that are only supplied
ith a limited quantity of water at a time, and
are never permaLd to slake their thirst fully,
will be much mare liable to be griped, if at
any time they by chance should drink their fill,
than those who are always suffered to take as much as
Nature dictates to them : but, should' a horse have
been hard-worked, and cents into his. stable-Very hot,
I would, after having seen him well dried,.Oely at first
give, him a small quantity, for two reasons: first, be-
cause his eagerdess for water may lead him to drink •
more ;at a .tirne. than is good for him ; and secondly,
because a large quantity of water will probably cause '
him to break out into a cold sweat, in which he may
remain all night if not looked to. After having taken
a third, or less, of a stable pailful of water, he should -
be kept without any for some time, and-then be allowed
to take whet be pleases. When, however, you intend
to stint your horse in this way, do not suffer your
groom to offer him a pailful of water, and to take it
from him when, he has drunk a small portion of it, but
let just the quantity .you wish him to have, and no
more, be given to him ; he will then feel to a c6rtain
degree satisfied with what he gets : whereas, by taking
from him what he expects to have, he becomes fretful
and discontented. In the first instance he makes up
his wind to. slake his thirst with a short alloWance of
water ; whereas in the second his just expectations are
baulked in mid career, and his imagination cheated as it
wera in the.height of his enjoyment ; and there is much
more in this than may be generally supposed. Phy-
siOlogists arc well aware of the connexion existing be-
tween the stomach and brain ; and those who have not
inquired into this fact must either do so_before they
attempt to refute it, or take what I have stated as
proved.—Old Shorting Ma7azine for December..

RECOLLECTIONS OF JAMES HOGG, " THE
ETTRICK SHEPIIERD."—HIS SOCIAL QUALITIES.—
Ma iy a traditionary tale was told me by Hogg relativ
to the Forest in the olden time, while beating upon the
mountains in search of the gallant black cock ; and
when the sun began to sink in the horizon, we would
bend our weary bodies homeward to his welcome cottage
and hospitable hoard, and then pass the evening, as most
sportsmen do, " over a leetle out of the bottle:"
This reminds me of la laughable scene with the Shep-
herd. We were invited to a dine with a friend of his
in the neighbourhood, to remain all night, and have a
day's shooting on the morrow ; and our host being as
jocose, convivial, and goodhearted a fellow as the Poet,
the Glenlivet punch began to operate upon our friend.
He sang some of his best songs, and his " mirth and
fun grew fast and furious." When giving us " Paddy
O'ltafferty," and he had got to that part of the song—
., Ile-gaed high to the moon,
And then be came down again"—
suiting the action to the word, be gave a awing to one
side, and being a little top-heavy, the Poet fell from his
chair, and "great was the full thereof," for in his de-
scent ho upset the three-footed table, and in a moment,
bottle, classes, tumblers, &c., were flying in all directions
through the room. I was thunderstruck at the down-
fal, and MIS in the act of rising from my chair to assist
the poor fellow to get up. when ho cried in an awful
voice, " Lord, laddie, for God sake bang up the bottle !"
I should observe, that our host had told us a little before
the accident that this was the last of .a particular kind
of old Highland whiskey he had left in his cellar. In a
moment I lifted the bottle, which when knocked
from the table was nearly three parts full, and, strange
to say, was neither broken, nor were any of the contents
lost. I replaced the bottle on the table, which
by this time had been raised by our host ; but
the poor Poet was still lying on the carpet.
I again offered to assist him to rise, but ere I could give
him my hand he cried out, "Is the bottle broken My
answer being in the negative, he then asked if the whis-
key was " a' sltailt ?" and on my assuring him that not
a drop was gone, he said, " I am glad at that, laddie ; it
wed kens th chiel it has to deal wii ;" and before I could
give him the assistance I proffered, he sprang upon his
feet like lightning, and, with a smiling countenance, as-
sisted in putting up the glasses and tumblers which had
rolled to every corner of the room. We then sate down
again to have "one bumper more," the Poet rejoicing at
our good fortune in preserving the bottle. We had an-
other song from him, and then retired for the night,—
Old Sporting Magazine for December.
ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY, JAN. 6.—Mr.
. Newman read a description of a beautiful new beetle
brought by Mr. Schomburgcli,. from Demerara ; and
Mr. Westwood some observations on the family of the
death watch, containing a notice of anew British genus
belonging to it. The President exhibited an interesting
collection of insects from New South Wales and Sierra
Leone, and also stated that accounts bad been received
from Mr. Macleay, the celebrated naturalist, which
announced his safe arrival in New South Wales, with
his extensive collection and valuable library in good con-
dition, and that he was about to commence active re-
searches into the natural history of the colony.

PRICE OF SUGAR.

EFFECT OF MONOPOLY.

Table showing the ex-duty price of Wcst India
Sugar in Mincing-lane, and comparing the same against
that of Foreign Sugars :

LONDON, JAN. 10, 1840.
The Gazelle of this evening will quote the
. . .

average price of British Kantatio; Musco-

Per cwt.

vaclo Sugar, exclusive of duty, at
The actual quantity of Sugar sold on account of tho
importers, in the week endin,r the 4th inst., according to
the returns made upon oath by the West India Sugar
Brokers, in conformity with the Act of Parliament,
and on which quantity the above price is computed,
consisted of 1,769 hogsheads, 85 tierces, and 37 bar-
rels ; and not of 2,000 hogsheads and tierces, as errone-
ously estimated in the market:
Sugar raised by free lablur in the Manilla may be
bought at from 18s. 6d. to 21s. 6d. per cwt.—being
quality for quality-16s. 6d . per cwt. cheaper than
West India Sugar. Crashed Sugars refined from fo-
reign Muscovados, and equal in quality to the double
loaf standard, have been sold this week for exportation
at 345. per cwt. Foreign markets are consequently
supplied with excellent refined Sugar by the London
refiners at 3s. Bd. per cwt. less than the British com-
munity has to pay the West Indians for dirty and un-
wholesome Muscovado Sugar.
The official returns exhibit 'a tremendous deficiency
in the gross amount of the Sugar duties collected in
1839, when compared with 1838 :

From the 6th Jan. 1838 to the sth Jan. 1839, 4,808,558
From the 6th Jan. 1839 to the sth Jan. 1840, 4,226,048

Decrease in one year of 582,510
partly through exorbitant prices.
Throughout the whole of last year we have each
week shown, by comparing the prices of actual sales of
Foreign Sugars, usually those raised by free labour, with
the average price of British Plantation Sugar, pub-
lished in the Gazette every Friday evening, that the
latter has invariably commanded 16s. per cwt. at least
more than the former, that is to say, the people of the
British empire have paid an excess,in price of 16s. per
cwt., nearly 2d. per lb., for all
,the Sugar they have
consumed' in 1839, over an 4 above the price for which
Foreign Sugars might 'nave been, and actually have
been, bought in the London market for re-exportation,
after they had undergone the process of refinement.
The duty on Sugar for home consumption is 245. per
cwt. these sixteen shillings excess paid in price exactly
form two-thirds of the amount of the duty levied for the
public service upon sugar, the annual aggregate amount
of the duty is in round numbers five millions sterling ;
two-thirds, therefore, of five millions is the annual
amount paid by the nation amongst the sugar producers,
who are exclusively privileged by the monopoly laws to
supply it with an article so essential to comfort that
it may not be inaptly classed as one of the minor neces-
saries of life. And when we take into our .calculation
the numerous other articles- with which the West In-
dians are entitled exclusively to furnish our markets,
such as coffee, cocoa, rum, molasses, various kinds of
dyewood, pimento, arrowroot, ginger, &c., we may
safely assume the nation pays five millions a year be-
yond the intrinsic value of the articles supplied, towards
the maintenance of our West India colonies, and these
five millions are in addition to the enormous. sums of
money granted from time to time by Parliament.
If an account were fairly drawn up, debtor and cre-
ditor, and headed " The Mother Country in account-
current with the West India Colonies, commencing
with the year 1800," it would not fail to demonstrate,
after 'giving the Colonies credit for the Continental-
market value, of, their produce, a balance due to the
mother country of many hundred millions of money—
an amount nearly large enough to liquidate the Na-
tional Debt. But to return to the price of Sugar, and
the monopoly law which compels our industrious
artizans to consume an unwholesome' and dear article
in lieu of that which is good and cheap. We will.
point the attention of our readers to the evident,
though most vexatious fact, that the payment of a tax
of 40s. per, cwt. on Foreign Sugars would, to the, 'con-
sumers, be equivalent, as far as money is concerned in
the transaction, to paying, as they. now do pay, 245.
per cwt. to the Crown, :and 168. per cwt, besides
to the West Indians. The annoying difference be-
tween these two modes of paying our money
tests here :—the former would enable the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer to remit taxes, which inter-
fere with the prosperity of the many, to the extent
of the gain arising from the additional duty on the fo-
reign sugar, and the public would have a clean and
wholesome article in exchange fcr their money ; while
the latter mode, besides defrauding the nation, has hi-
therto, by stimulating the cupidity of the Planters, &e.,
only served to promote acts of oppression against the
black population in the 'West Indies. - - -

A TOUCH AT THE ALLIGATORS.—" Why,
as for that you see, Squire, we did not keep right straight
a-bead, for we hunted alligators close upon the
way, and some of the'tarnatio_n critters took us consi.:
derable out of our course„ One on 'em, I remember.
took for the Ohio, and as he happened to be of the
mammoth species, we were bent upon having him any-
how.. It happened to be moonlight at the time, else I
would not be qualified that we Should have been able to
run him down before.,wp reached the lower falls. How-
somever we pulled up in his wake so hard for two nights
and two days and a-quarter, that, finding it was hard
up with him—and they be calculating critters—he sud-
denly wheeled round, gave his tail what the hunters call
a circumflex twist, and before we knowed for certain that
it wera't the shiver of an earthquake, by Judy ! if he
we;n't regularly aboard on us, for 'there he was on the
hoar of our craft 'just like a knotty pine log at the
bottom of a dried up mill•pond, and quietly ehew:ng his
cud on the left leg cf our steersman. I calculate you
Englisbers don't hunt alligators in your puddle-creeks as
you nickname rivers.—Old Sporting Magazine for De-
cember.

WA RWICKSHIRE SESSIONS.—LOVETT AND
Cotims.—Mr. Miller made an application to the
Court for flirther indulgences to be granted to Lovett
and Collins, with referEnce to their diet, that they might
be allowed something rather better than the usual
prison diet ; they bad applied to the Secretary of
State, and he had referred them to the Justices of tie
Peace. Ile remarked, that it would be is, the recolle
tion of the Court that a simirar application was made
and granted to three prisoners, Wooller,-Edmonds, and
Maddox, on a charge cf a similar nature ; and upon
that chiefly he grounded the present application. He
wished also for the-Court to take into their considera-
tion the recommendation of the jury to mercy. The
Reverend J. Randier stated that, as a visiting Ma.
,gistrate, he could assure the Court that every care and
attention had been shown to the prisobers, which could,
in justice to the other prisoners confined in the same
yard, and convicted for offences of the same nature, viz.,
.a misdemeanour, be possibly shown. Mr. Wilmshurst,
the surgeon, had stated that he considered them both
in perfect health, and that at present he did not deem
any additional allowance necessary. It was deeided uy
the Court to leave it to the Visiting Magistrates, with
whose decision they should be perfectly satisfied.

FALL OF A NEWS-110011.—On 'Wednesday
morning the wall in the rear of the news-room gave way,
bringing along with it, with a tremendous crash, a por-
tion of the newsroom and the ac joining offices. Three
hours only before the catastrophe took place the Com-
mittee of the Literary Society had been sitting is con-
sultation as to the propriety of taking the opinion of an
architect with regard to the dangerous or insecure state
of the building. The safety of the lives of those gen-
tlemen may be fairly attributed to the interposition of
Providence. The books in the library have been saved.
Downpatrick Recorder.

DEATH FROMDRINKING SCAIDINGWATER.
Monday evening an inquest took place at Guy's Hos-
pital, on the body of Thomas Bourn, a chlld two-and-a-
half years old. It appeared that on Saturday morning
last the mother of the deceased was washing another of
her children, with her back turned towards the fire,
when the deceased got hold of the tea-kettle,••• which
was standing on the hob, and drank from its spout some
boiling water, and spilt some also down: his chest. He
was conveyed to the hospital in great agony, and ex,
pired from inflamniaticn of the throat, resulting from
the internal scalding. Verdict—Accidental death. •

FINE OF FIFTY POUNDS.—We stated, last
week that the Attorney-General had, upon the case sub-
mitted to him, given it as his opinion that, by an over.
sight, the Municipal Act did not authorise the Council
in visiting Aldermen, elected Mayors, with a fine should
they refuse the office, and that, consequently, the fine
paid ,by Dr. Hastings must be returned to him. The
case and opinion were laid before the Council this morn-
ing, accompanied by a note fiom Dr. Hastings, request-
ing that an order might be made by the Council, for the
repayment to him of the sum in question. After a short
discussion, Mr. Pierpoint moved that an order to such
effect be made upon the Treasurer, which was seconded
by Mr. John Hood. Mr. Alderman Padlore said he
was not satisfied with the dictum of the Attorce3 _
General on the subject, and thought the opinion of Sir
William Follett should also be taken, a portion of the
expense of which he was willing to bear from his own
pocket. He moved an amendment to that effect ;
which, hOwever, fell to the ground for the want of a
seconder, and the original motion was carried.—Worces-
ter Herald.

SOMERSETSHIRE RURAL POLICE.--At a
meeting of the Magistrates, at Wells, on Monday, De-
cember 30, after a discussion on that subject, on a di-
vision there appeared a majority of 17 for the postpone-
ment of the consideration of the Rural Police Bill.
Captain Snob°ll, in opposing it, characterised the Act
as "repugnant to the ancient and constitutional laws of
England, and to the habits of a peaceful and agricul-
tural people."—Bristol Mirror.
A letter from Cobourg states Prince Albert to
have quitted the chateau -of his father, on the 26th
ult., on his way to London, which he was to reach on
the 10th inst. The nobles had given a splendid ball,
anti the Philharmonic Society a concert, in honour of
the future husband of the English Queen.

VENI
Aln