The Sun.
London, England, 1847-07-19 00:00:00

THE POTATO DISEASE•

_ -
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. ,a
Sin,—A letter has appeared in the Standard, ;Tv%
from it has been copied into many other papers/ s_Aats
of
that the potato disease has shown itself in hundrelo
acres in the neighbourhood of Barnstaple." I believe
the author of the letter in question (Mr. Charles Robert,.
of Beckington, near this place) did not intend it for phis
lication, but that it was sent to the papers (without 6,4
knowledge) by the gentleman to whom he had sats' s,
it as a private communication. Be that as it wastari
the statement is one calculated to occasion olio,„hoot
in the public mind, I think it my duty to say (vin.
imputing to Mr. Roberts, in the slightest degree, tbe
tention to excite unnecessary apprehension with rehgliset
to the crop), that the reports made to him on the su'rhot
are not confirmed. I will not undertake to 6191
this
nothing like the potato disease has appeared 112
neighbourhood ; but, if it bad exhibited itself at ow
it certainly is as yet to a very limited extent, and,l.k: be
that in many places in which the plant seemed "
attacked a fortnight or three weeks ago, it has ehic%nts
covered a perfectly healthy appearance. I do not kest.his
to pronounce that the appearance of the potatoes 10 '47;,
district (as of all the other crops) is generally most P
'lasing, and inspires sanguine hope of abundanc.e• or
this note relates to a matter of fact, and of great imp to
Lance, I append my real name, and have the hollow'
remain, Sir, your obedient servant,
W. AVER.',
Mayor of Barnstap •
Journal Office, Barnstaple, July 17, 1847.

ri
The Belfast News Letter says that Mr. Sherl
Knowles " indignantly declined the offer of Lo
rd
Russell" to settle on him a pension of 1001. a year. the
A premium of 1,000/. has been offered by a
Royal College of Chemistry, for the discovery °la.,
method of rendering iron, when applied to ordinwl P
poses, as little liable to rust as copper.

LITERATURE. I THE TREATY WITH THE
IVPRMAIV'S BRIDGE ; OR THE MODERN ZOLLVEREIN.
111/D4S. By the Author of Emilia Windham. 3 Vols. The following are extracts of •the more interesting
All who remember " Emilia Wyndham" will, like portions of the papers relative to, the notice given by
littetiorselves, rejoice in the appearance of a new work of Prussia, on her own behalf and on behalf of the other
nby the same author Among the numerous states of the Zollverein, of the termination of the treaty
navel d • • concluded with Great Britain on the 2d of March, 1841
3an romances which have appeared since the
Publication of " Emilia Wyndham," we have not met (just presented to both Housesessof Parliament by her
Majesty's command):—
With one which, to our thinking, has surpassed or
even
cui_equalled it as an interesting domestic nove , Iyin- THE CHEVALIER BUNSEN TO VISCOUNT PALmEnsTorf.
(Translation.) '''tlag a sound moral lesson. The main incidents
Prussian Legation, May 10, 1847.
nesf.t?..e. story were certainly at variance with the ordi-
..y laws of The Prussian Government, in its own name,
,and in
fou_, . romance, and, perhaps, in consequence, ' the name of its confederates, the members of the Z. ollve-_
tovuu little favour with the " sentimental" class of I rein give notice of its intention to cause the provisions of
wasel readers. Nevertheless, the story, on the whole, the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation, concludedce
npor one fully calculated not only to reflect credit : with Great Britain on the 2d of
f March,jnclaB4l,to tahsaei
au
___t , its writer, but to confer a benefit upon !
tin sutchshmaallnnneerlothnate,rfrhoemcetnhseidlesrted
as
in 1848,reyx'istence, or
et. who might attentively peruse it—the benefit !
.: good example. Generally speaking, the most ! arsebaiyndin upon theg two high contracting parties.
The reasong of this determination is to be found solely
je probable legend, or the most impossible fairy tale,
in the conviction that the treaty in question, according
___,o.nerpod to inculcate one moral by its denoiiement !
h almost invariably exhibits the punishment of ;
vice7ll l to the experience of the years which have elapsed since
its conclusion, has not produced that development in the
times
the reward of virtue, to effect which, some- commercial relations of the Zollverein with Great the most unlooked for transformations take
Place,ill .and the most marvellous achievments are ac- to
tarn which had been looked for. The concession nalcdhe
the ships of the Zollverein in the first article, by h
Wyndham" plashed.
but rln so much the story of " Emilia the ports between the Meuse and. the Elbe are to be
the,l, esembled its more romantic ootY'reres considered as ports of the Union, has hardly been
..‘s heroine happy result which crowned the fortunes of utility. Butwhat appears to the
found of any practical
was
%eau,. obtained only by very ordinary. Prussian Government to militate principally against
Placed in a most trying situation in the efficacy of the treaty of 1841 is the want of re-
themidstof
unpropitious circumstances, she ciprocity unhappily existing with respect to the laws
which rule the navigation of the two countries. For
be s rendered ultimately happy by no lucky chance or
verseudden change of fortune, but in patience and while the Prussian legislation, founded on the principle
of liberty of navigation, allows British ships to import
tie; vErance, and a zealous discharge of daily du- into Prussian ports the produce of all parts of the world,
va “e Pursues the even tenor of her way, and the the ships of the Zoliverein can only import into British
eh to
becomes smooth and her lot peaceful. The ports (as regards the enumerated articles, including
ehoekeles in her path are overcome, by no violent almost every article of importance) the produce of their
bl but are rather melted away impercepti
,iv., !Ls the dripping water wears away the stone.
- own country. These enumerated articles were, morn-
-1827, subsequent to the treaty ofrecie-
over, increased in
lesson consequently,likely to be effective— procity
a " battle ' • was of 1824, by 13 articles, among which are to b
reach
~ of life," fought with weapons within the found wooll
of an °! MI. The story of " Norman's Bridge" is
oexfcreepaltiona reciprocity
arneasure could not but augment the want
to the prejudice of the Prussian flag.
Kision, urPpbosite character ; it aspires to teach by re-
le beauty er than attraction. Not by pourtraymg The treaty of 1841 does not allow Prussia, as the
aggrieved interests and public opinion in Germany,
tlillos likewise," virtuous life, does it bid us "go and which powerfully support those interests, would require,
Yse,e"f a
but by exhibiting its baneful effects it to restrict in an analogous manner the admission of Brie
negin s US with detestation for an unhappily but too tish ships; for the second article of this treaty accords
a whe°lll Sin--" covetousness, which is idolatry." As to Great Britain the right of the most favoured native
e E_:i.e, perhaps, the story is hardly so pleasing as with respect to the importation of sugar and rice.
eeedwi_in;t Wyndham" but individual portions are ex- The expiration of the treaty at the end of the present
earnest beautiful. The style is forcible and year will restore that liberty to the Prussian Govern-
Therei arid runs on in an easy and agreeable manner. ment, and a change in the laws affecting navigation has
4,...,4,superabundance
certain abruptness in the manner of narration be,ernbethenosmubijaeaettiooaf seorfioaus
Parliamentaryconsideration. Committee to
vv`gie`, _u
separate of breaks, dividing the chapters examine the English navigation- laws, and to report
Zt
of a_e fragments, which perhaps savours some- during the present session of Parliament thereupon, has
effect. 1,, attectetion, although it certainly produces nevertheless held out to the Prussian Government a
bary
retinue story ;
-8 so entirely different from the ordi- hope that Great Britain will at no remote period, by
its chief incidentsne ithout briefly mentioning some of means of a general legislative measure, cause the re-
al' idea 0., it will be - impossible to give even strictions to disappear which at present weigh upon
begins
withl• its
PecUliarities. he first volume German navigation and commerce, and which so noto-
alluded. ,ta, the suddenness to which
we have riously impede the development and commercial relations
Take heed ake heed and beware of covetousness. of the two countries.
covetous i uIY brethren, I and beware of Animated by the desire to see these relations con-
ness ; fora
mansl.f say,. and
h ot in the stantly extend, which could
and to avoid everything
abundancet of the th;
--ogsl
whiche hceonseiss!etssetnh.„
This evenhfotr ao
bbrief space of time retard a development so
this e thein
mountains
of. a sermon preached inP a little chapel in went of hies Prussian wished for for both countries, the Govern-
russian Majesty joins to the preceding
eentr_. a.ins of Scotland one Sunday in the last notice relative to the cessation of the Treaty of 1841,
here aind heroine
the humble congregation are the the following proposition.
raoder "eroine of our tale. Michael Grant, the The Treaty of 1824, as general treaty of reciprocity,
il,litstatn Midas" whose chequered career serves to shall remain the recognised basis of the relations of
IseePherd the demoralising influence of avarice, is a commerce and of navigation between the two countries,
wh.,., youth, whose early life had passed some • and shall continue to remain in force as heretofore, as
ano;l1lie that of the far-famed Norval ; but like many long as notice shall not have been given of its cessation.
lone, horrible individual, Michael is ambitious, and The existing status quo shall, moreover, by means of
ien:ls6 to fill a prominent place in the world. Survey- diplomatic declaration, be de facto maintained, and do-
tes
_Mankindpartmental orders shall be issued for that purpose to the
with a shrewd, but superficial pri result of his.glance, respective authorities in order to afford to the high con-
shows that
rile agent • reflections
that the in the affairs of men, and, conseq tl standing •
uen Vapplicationof the principle
possessel with respect to an
great man. %or of. great wealth is necessarily a of reciprocity as perfect and extended as possible.
money ? "N
That is birth in comparison with Notwithstanding the expiration of the treaty, a modes
after the a ho at
for a Duke in rags ? Who asks vivendi would thus be established, which need not termi-
4, who
askeseestr of
the Poor r' Or knowledge— nate till three or six months after one of the high con-
resolves to after the abilityrich of the poor .
? " Michael tracting parties shall have made a declaration to that
effect.
. considerable - Man, and, possessing
la no abilities In order to render this status quo endurable to Prussian
t impossible,' the task, though
and the arduous, commerce, and, in as far as practicable, conformable with
and . first velum_ lleproceeds to England, _
the principle of reprocity, the Prussian Government ex-
jp, Parsinsen,
Nola e records his perseverance peels with confidence that the British Government, from
Ills a large ••'
establishmentefilling the office of clerk feelings of equity, and out of regard to the intimate
wages +, and endeavouring, out of relations which unite the two Governments, will accord to
ter h• .i wc save u
s ip in the b 13 money enough to buy a part- the vessels of the Zollverein the same concession which ,
aleecelnPanied from'llsi_ness• But he is not alone, he is has in late years been made by Great Britain in favour of
-seam- e , Scotland by his young bride. other Powers, relative to the ports of the Baltic, a conces-
n r) than we
Wiy, ~... , hors
, never Scottish Mary was more sion which at present greatly injures the interests of P.n.'s-
This Der lovely, more e sia. It will no doubt be considered but fair by the British
ur is tender, or more true.
very be Y a very beautiful Government that the vessels of the union shall hence-
b.. autif 1 and natural character,
'sages 1..,n Y and naturally pourtra ed. The forth be permitted to • port freely the produce of all
import
reveal , whin relate more especially to Yher, which the note Prussian ports of the. Baltic, as
if
those vessels
In_ her secret emotions came from Prussian ports, in the same.. _manner as Bus-
'', trlals her devoted land
ions, love her Prussian
sian and Hanoverian vessels arriving from
genuin ) are written with much simplicity andthe Baltic• d with their cargoes in the
re e feelin ports of are receive
ore es„... ,g• It is in these portions of her work, ports of England, as though they had arrived from na-
'vithsteiVtlY, that the authoress is revealed, not- tional ports.
lean," ending her assumed d* • The " Old The undersigned, &e.
1 under disguise.
"ave entered whose name she writes, would hardly (Signed) BUNSEN.
0..
ered soTO THE CHEVALIER BUNSEN.
VISCOUNT PALIIEItsTON
a Partin readily •
into Mary's sorrowful feelings,
ever g from her Foreign-office, June 14, 1847.
-3' Wool early friends, or have told us how
roof, lookslovesherfather's
she
the receipt on the .
volume of Ev e ing - him on the 10th by the Chevalierßunsen, &c., giving
;s e when uitt• - Paradise." the first
'sing i''', Perlis q ing enotice on the part of Prussia and of the other States of
knat aps, the most interesting, it con- the Zoliverein of the termination, on the Ist of January
history
_,. a perfect story in itself, namely, the next, of the treaty concluded with Great Britain on the
.alary" the early troubles of Michael and 23 of March, 1841; but at the same time suggesting
aftervi'arrasioned chiefly by poverty, but which that the provisions of that treaty should, after its expira-
kid. Tial gave way to others of a more painful tion, be allowed to remain in force provisionally, until
covert e old but often refuted adsa—" When the high contracting parties shall have seen whether they
at
ral!'sed. Cornea in at the door love flies out may not be able to come to a more satisfactory under-
reversed, reVe WindOw,''._was exactly standing; provided, however, that the privileges granted
, in their case
414141 As their poverty decreased, their by Great
Britain
to the shipping of certain other States
l be in the meantime extended to the shipping of the
Shall
ylikewise,
States of the Zoliverein.
thou ar'ee of Michael • - • - • his wealth,and In
gh f.,.., increased with
say that her Ma-
With lira gold
attached to his wife he could not part jesty's Government has already communicated to the
to here gold even to gratify her wishes or contribute Prussian Government, through her Majesty's Minister
thou °lnferts, and she became aware of this, and at Berlin, their view of what was understood to be the
e
left
all stilt d
for him, to him as entirely as when she intention ot the States of the Zoliverein as regards t
became "un, the love subsisting between them treaty of 1841. In the communication so made, the un-
re,wcra UltiMately somewhat akin to the light which dersigned had the honour to explain to the
tPrussianto_
keeps 1. darkness visible," or " the hope which Government, that if the engagements of the treaty f
keinia,lve despair:, 1841 have been unproductive of advantagel to Jates
In this, as in other instances,e Great
tura;,set fulfils his character of the " Modern Midas,,, of the Zoliverein, they have proved.,s toeGquaelrynrasoent
like :if what Britain ; and that herMaee y would
he touches into gold. But, nevertheless, ofstthat treaty,ev because it
sese,e Other misers reve • the 11of the hi. only regret the termination.
r..cl's stn.., rsing spe - puts an end to relations which were conceived in a
roe • vue—that was intended to transmute base •
the B into a ' friendly spirit, and from which there
delire
of Precious one, but they literally fulfilling reason to hope that mutual advantage to all parties con-
pin* their Brutus " coining their hearts and drop- cerned might arise.
efientien,.blood for drachms," only convert priceless The reason assigned by the Chevalier Bunsen for the
but arn ',and precious feelings into what is after all notice thus given by Prussia and the other States of the
barteredetal, and base when compared with what it is Zoliverein, is the want of reciprocity in the navigation
Portion f°r• We have lingered so 1 over this laws of the respective contracting parties.. Butthat_nao
den... ~.tat we can only enumerate the other inci- great benefit has resulted. to Great fromßbircibtaintbe attht
te.._ ,
of
MiChael's indirect trade with Prussian
s,,w
.. ,
career, many of them poste
the Prussian law enables Chet 1 russian brovernment
th7,4eue.refurnuch and even immediate interest owing to
to grant, is sufficiently manifest from the fact which
Ntessint_
events,
stance of their being interwoven with has already been stated to the Prussian Government,
le o% 8:
and nts, fore xample the famine and distress of through the Earl of Westmoreland—namely, that in
hear a
co the influence of a paper currency which the year 1846 only four British vessels, of the aggregate
On the cons influence
part in the fortunes of the miser. burden of 530 tons, found it their interest to avail
Usual for:p.proach of the famine, Michael, with his themselves of the privilege which, under article
sight, buys
afterward up corn at a low rate to sell it one of the treaty, British vessels enjoy, of en
lucrative sat a high one.tering Prussian ports from third countries;. and
This speculation, however,
Ms IV as it him the undersigned cannot, therefore, but believe that,
e, he ultimately seized proved, ?lad nearly cost
however insignificant the corresponding advantages. may
corn riot, and g upon by the mob during a
be which are derived by Prussia from the provisions of
rence of Lord "1•Y rescued by the zealous interfe-
that same article, the concession made by Great Bri-
""ing propel_Strathnaer, a young nobleman, cos- tarn by this article may at least be regarded as a full
e,onVeyed toY in
the neighbourhood. Michael is equivalent for that which is made by Prussia. The
the effects his house ; and here, while recovering from undersigned would also beg to observe, that if the prin-
darin , of the injuries he had received, forms ciple of strict reciprocity is to be assumed as the indis-
do,.._g• Plans for the future. Looking from the -win- pensable basis of the commercial relations between
nenswsof Lord Strathnaer's castle, which is situated Great Britain and the Zollverein, there does nohtescecem
ha': the mouth of a river, he remarks how the waters ' to be any good reason why that principle should
whir-
,s_re receded during a few years, leaving a bare ex- fined in its application to the navigation laws nor_the
rey.
10.1ase of unsightly mud banks. Me proposes to Lord it should not also be applied to the tariffs of
otratbnaer to confine the waters by a dyke and flood- spective parties.
gates at the mouth of the river, and then to drain As, however, it appears, from the Chevalier Bunsen's
the estuary, and convert it into corn fields, thus note, to be equally the desire of the Prussian Govern-
affording to the starving population present employ- went, as it assuredly is of the Government of her Ma-
Meat, and a prospect of future plenty. Lord Strath- jesty, to endeavour by negotiation to come to an under-
naer agrees to the proposal, but Lord Strathnaer is standing more conducive to
.the interests of both parties,
the undersigned will refrain from further examining
poor; Michael advances the money. Foreseeing, how- this portion of the question at r t nd ill t ever, that his supplies, great though they be, will be state how far it 'll be in the esen
' a w a once
wi
exhausted before the remunerative repayment can Government to accede to the wishes of the Prussian Go-
take place, Michael, who enjoying the unenviable vernment as stated in tke Chevalier Brunsen's note.
tithe of miser, is possessed of credit almost in- . Her Majesty's Government are ready to consent that
finite, resolves to turn it to account ; and, the provisions of the treaty of 1841 shall provisionally
accordin sets up a bank, and pays in paper.
remain the acknowledged basis of the trade aid nevi-
The sudden .effected by the employ- transformation cation
would between the two countries, but the undersigned
at the same time
~nlentof labour and diffusion of money in the hitherto
be given of suggest that the term of notice to
"31) d• •
o„ ,011 in villae of Norman's Bridge is very vigor- the cessation of such provisional
ment should be six months rather arrange-
than three, as the
—stY described, and bears out the observation of the latter term might not afford sufficient time for '
4u„. .
ofmoney in the body the arrangements which making
author that ~ the circulation
Politic • "ndi- to a change of the commercial relations
necessary previously
d cis as the circulation of blood in the body i . between the two
vi
-Icirculationis what invigo- countries.
aa • A free and rapid
rates th p inert and languid .
With respect to the additional co • ncessions which the
twouri he frame ; the same mass Government requires -
Prussian in order to render this
the story
s es not." It is needless to pursue .
further; provisional arrangement, as the Chevalier Bunsen states
endurable to Prussia, the undersigned has to express I).'
ressegs and is likely,
therefore' " materials of general interest, regret that the advantages accorded
by Great Britain to
included
,to afford amusement to many not generally certain other States asregardsports of the
. . Baltic, should
•
(I_, in the class of novel readers. While the be considered to have been injurious to Prussian com-
tnestio That they should be so was assuredly not the
have already mere,
allud career of Mary, to which we .
the British Government, which, in grant-
kid 7 and the history of her grand-daughter Joan,. intention of
the f •
ter.,amity of Lord Strathnaer, will serve to in- ing those advan ,
tages was solely guided by prilciples
rest those
the ... of a more romantic taste. Apart from of equity.
of the above-mentioned
The privileges accorded to such
voh;noral which they are intended to convey, these
states as are German States, but not members of the
Of ',tiles are chiefly attractive from the general spirit
'Zollverein, are only such as, in consequence of their
genanclliness by which they are pervaded; from the have acquired
geographical position, those States would
4041 nine simplicity and naturalness with which the
under the treaty of 1841, if they had become members
tereati.s.tic incidents are pourtrayed ; and from the in-
of that union ! and surely the Government of P rssia
cldef.Ling and life-like delineations of some of the could not expect that Great Britain should withhold
is ee Personages of the tale. The moral of the whole from States which have always treated British commercesttes
Ilaver? forcibly expressed in a sentence hy Bishop in the most liberal manner advantages which those
with
a
oftejlcige, on the title-page, which can hardly be too might have acquired by associating themselves
British
as repeated " Will riches' do it ? No ; I may system of commercial policy less favourable tothe other
bear' undertake 4 Undertake to fill my barns with grace as my interests. Her Majesty's Government have, on
Virtu With gold; and as easily stuff my bagssuch of the
with hand, no desire to withhold from Prussia.
do
not
e a ever satisfy my desires with wealth.' advantages in question which Prussian vessels
Te_ .____
say that the British Government is willing, during the
existence of the proposed provisional arrangement, to
consent that Prussian vessels, together with theireargoes,
when coming from any port between the Meuse and the
Elbe, and between the Trave and the Russian frontier,
shall be admitted into the ports of the United Kingdom
and of the British possessions abroad, in as full and
ample a manner as if the ports from which such vessels
may have come were all within the dominions of Prussia.
This would add the ports of Mecklenburg and the port

tlf iriPECTION OF THE FOOT ARTILLERY.—The who le
Ivel,e.iten battalions of the Royal Artillery at Woolwich.
• -
I4helt.-,:pect,d on the Common, at ten o'clock on Friday,eoalk g order, Sir Thomas Days n ,
119 a,alltiantlnarc ofhin the garrison and his staff of officers.
battil?'lrance of the men and the reports of the officers
!hkid at gave great satisfaction to the commandant,
e e-a-etibue conclusion of the inspection of each company
"Yoid were permitted to march to their barracks to
914140%110y exposure to the sun.