The Sun.
London, England, 1841-07-20 00:00:00

MORNING SUN

LONDON:
TUESDAY, JULY 20, 1841.

The provinciq papers are asking, we see,
" What is next to be done." That is a question
we are at a loss to answer; but we cannot think
that the defeated Liberals in England, Scotland,
and Ireland, will lie down and allow the Tories
to trample them out of existence, or chain them
to the oar that is to pull the Tory galley into a
safe harbour. When the Whigs and the Radi-
cals succeeded against the Tories, not one of the
latter could fear any hand of oppression. They
might dread the consequences of extended free-
dom, but they were to have their full share of
the rights their opponents meant to extend or
create. The reverse is unhappily the case now,
and the Catholic Irish and the manufacturers
await from the Tory success fresh attacks on
liberty and trade. At least their success is a
declaration that the Irish nation must patiently
submit to oppression, and the English manufac-
turers must acquiesce in being plundered and
starved. We are not surprised, therefore, at the
interesting question being put, though we are
unable to answer it, " What is next to he done
There is one thing, however, which can be im-
mediately done in England, and which we be-
lieve the manufacturers begin to see the neces-
sity of doing. We quoted some time ago an ex-
tract from a pamphlet, entitled, " The Cure of
Monopoly upon Radical Principles," which we
understand is the production of Mr. GARDNER,
of Salford, an exhortation to the capitalists of
Lancashire to place themselves at the head of
the people. This they can now, and we hope
they will, perform.
At a dinner given to Mr. WALKER, the Mem
her for Bury in Lancashire, on Friday last, Mr.
COBDEN, whose word will go a great way with
brother-manufacturers, used this language
be
But, gentlemen, we must not united capitalists—
we must be united master and man.—(Cheers.) I have
among my acquaintance a gentleman who, while in
London, called up.on a Noble Lord-7a valiant, sturdy
bread-taxer, and in the course
ofconoNie,:nrsa_htieoren
serem y
friend told his Lordship that the people, d
beginning to understand the question,' and they would
not long endure the bread-tai:(flear.) " Oh, oh,"
said his Lordship, ,4 you mean this as a menace, I
suppose ; but, let me tell you, that when your work-
men are nearer to your house and property than
ours, and if it comes to an outbreak, let me
remind you that it will be for you first to look to
your safety."--=(Laughter.) Now, there is some-
thing in this. I believe his Lordship let out a secret to
which the class to whom he belongs trust a great deal.
They trust a great deal to the discord prevailing between
master and man. • Now, therefore, I tell you, take care
that the working-men understand the question rightly,
Let them understand the question rightly, and then we
shall see who has most to fear. I say the non-electors
have great influence, and therefore let them understand
the question. I point to the example set at Bolton, Pres-
ton, Stockport, and Manchester, and I say the best exer-
tions made on this question were made by the non-electors;
and when I look to the towns where the Whigs have
shrunk from this question, and tampered with a fixed
duty, or some other political question of the day, I can
readily understand how the elections have gone against
them. Therefore, I say it is a question of policy to make
the people understand this question ; and, therefore, we
must meet the working men—ay, and the working women
too, for we cannot do without them either.—(Applause.)
Gentlemen, if I might urge an argument beyond those
that I have already given you, to induce you to co-
operate with them, it is that you may avert a danger
t ..it may fall upon us any time. The accident of
a gal harvest would p"a;e your property, as that
Yo -ale Lord said, in great danger, unless you secured
the confidence of the working men by making them un-
derstand this question, and showed them that you had
d,,ne your utmost to avert these evils. Let me tell you
that the tendency of that bread-tax is constantly to di-
trinish foie wages of the labourer. And who is the
patty, you or the aristocracy, who is the immediate agent
to curtail the wages of the operative ? Gentlemen, you
are the party ; you are made the cat's-paw.—(Cheers.)
It is to you the workman will immediately fly—it is at
you, unless you have shown him that there is a co-ope-
rating cause which presses you .down, and which you
havir.
edoneoall in your power to avoid.
Cn DEN afterwards said, indicating the
InealuhY which he expects to prevent the aristo-

crazy, notwithstanding their majority in both
Houses of Parliament, from maintaining their

unjust laws :
He had no eloquence, and if he had, look at the elo-
quence of Grattan. It effected nothing, though ex-
erted during a life time. It was the numbers by which,
the public opinion by which, men were backed out of
doors. Grattan accomplished nothing for the Irish
Catholics, but when Mr. O'Connell went to the House
backed by the millions of the Catholic Association, see
how different was the result. This must be the case
here. It was not till we had a grand aggregate meeting
of the manufacturing classes on Kensal Moor that the
Legislature would be startled into activity and alive to
the necessity of doing justice.—(Cheers.)
Exactly ! Congregated masses, organized by
capitalists, embarked in a common cause with
workmen, and no longer afraid of their humble
brethren in toil—the indispensable helps to their
comfort, opulence, and even existence—congre-
grated masses, whether electors or non-electors--
nothing but congregated masses, can force from
the tyrant, and, let us boldly add, selfish and
unprincipled majority, the concessions which are
due to justice. To organize these congregated.
masses, seems to us one of the first things which
the Anti-Bread-tax party must try to accomplish.
Without their assistance, the capitalists can do
nothing in Parliament, and with it they can do
all. Let them bethink themselves, therefore, in
the first instance, how they can obtain it.
As to the Catholic Irish, it is plain that they
must be instantly on the alert, and show a good
face against the Orangemen. They are already
threatened by the Tory journals—even before
their masters are in office—with military execu-
tion. They are threatened with more stringent
laws, to put up again that sectarian domination
they have put down. They ought to make com-
mon cause with the suffering manufacturers and
the insulted Chartists. Cheap bread and free
trade would throw the burden of the Irish Pro-
testant Church on the Protestant landowners,
and give food and power to the working classes
of England. In the success of a faction pledged
to maintain unjust and disfranchising laws, we
see the demon of discord. let loose over the land.
The angel of misrule chuckles already with de-
light at the coming strife, and he can only be
disappointed by a firm union of all the friends of
free trade and of civil and religious liberty
throughout the empire, in order at once to con-
vince the Tory majority in Parliament, that they
must act on principles of justice.

We copied into The Sun a short paragraph
from the Manchester Guardian, stating that the
operative cotton spinners of Bolton have ad-
dressed a very affecting appeal " To the friends
of humanity and justice, in behalf of fifteen of
their fellow-workmen, who have become the vic-
tims of Tory tyranny and oppression." The Bol-
ton Free Press of last Saturday says on the
subject—

The poor but honest men who lately voted for the
free trade candidates at the late election of representatives
for this borough have all been discharged from their em-
ployment, under Messrs. Bolling, and served with notices
to quit the houses which they occupied, in order that
their places may be supplied by others, who will no doubt
be made as poor and wretched, and perhaps more servile,
than themselves.

The men have each made statements as to what oc-
curred at the various interviews they had with their em-
ployers and the overlookers before and after the elec-
ton, and from those documents we subjoin a few ex-
tracts.

The Free Press gives extracts from the affida_
vits of eleven of the fifteen ejected electors. We
can only give two as specimens, remarking that
the rest are all to the same purport :
Thomas Myers states, " that he has spun for Messrs.
Bolling nearly twelve years. Mr. Bolling- and his ma-
nager came to our mill, and sent for all of us, electors,
down into the warehouse—seven in number—and soli-
cited us for our votes. I stated to Mr. Bolling a many
grievances of which we had to complain ; bnt he
said he did not consider we had any grievance at all,
as we were at liberty to leave any Saturday night, and
the manager, Mr. Greenhalgh, promised that he would
alter me to better numbers. My wife has spun for
Messrs. Bolling upwards of ten years, but on the first
Monday after the election she received a fortnight's no-
flea to quit their employ, though she had no control
over my vote.
William Hulme says, I have spun at the New Mill
18 years, and have been an elector at two elections for
Bolton ; voted for Mr Bonin.- at the election of 1837.
Previous to the late election I up my mind to give
a conscientious vote, and considering the state of the
country and Mr Bolling's conduct in Parliament, I could
not honestly give him my vote. Mr. Greenhalgh, the
head manager, called me to the wheel-ends and asked
me what I intended to do. I replied I was determined to
vote for Dr. Bowring and Mr. Ainsworth. He asked me
was I going to ruin myself and family. I told him that
rested with me. He asked me then who would find me
work. I replied that if you discharge me, I will seek
work elsewhere. I have had no promise, but I trust I
shall succeed in getting employed somewhere. Peter
Lyon and Joseph Cunliffe, two of Mr Bolling's authorised
canvassers, waited upon me on the Sunday before th
election took place, and among other things they aske
me could I wish for a better pair of wheels. I answere
I did not wish any such thing, because if they gave m
a better pair of wheels, they would have to discharg
somebody else from them, and there would be no good
that. In the two weeks before the election I had bun
seven days' work, in which I earned 11. 14s. 3d. ; of thatt
my piecers received 18s. Id., which left for myself
16s. 2d. exclusive of rent, Bs.

All these men with their families, besides being
turned out of Mr. BOLLING'S mill for not voting
in Mr. BOLLING'S favour, were also turned out of
the cottages they lived in belonging to him. Mr.
BOLLING meant, if he could, to rednce these
people to starvation. Fortunately this wicked
malice has not attained its object. "We are
happy to heir," adds the Free Press, " that
there is no lack of sympathy on their behalf,
and that exertions are making to obtain good and
constant employment for them." We trust that
this sympathy will be felt throughout the land,
and that Mr. BOLLING will be taught that even
on earth there is a righteous power in the public,
which can shield the honest and the humble,
from the vindictiveness of the rich oppressor.
Of course the Tories will say, which in our
estimation is the worst feature of the case, that
Mr. BOLLING was perfectly justified in doing
what he liked with his own, that the men were
ungrateful not to give their votes to their master,
and that Mr. BoLLING has only acted with the
true spirit of a gentleman. He has certainly
imitated that model of Tory humanity, courtesy,
and wisdom, the Duke of NEWCASTLE, and his
conduct must merit the approbation of every true
Tory.

Because Mr. BOLLING'S conduct is agreeable to
the general principles of the Tories, it is of im-
portance in our eyes. It is the result of the Tory
theory, not of individual wickedness. Were it
an isolated case, and inconsistent with Tory trea-
chery, we might charitably suppose that Mr.
Bowxo's excessive disappointment had bereft
him of his senses, and that the wreaking his ven-
geance on honest voters was the first symptom
of a disease that would make him end his days
in a madhouse. But we cannot make such an
excuse for him, and we must assert that this per-
secution of individuals, even to death, for honestly
and conscientiously performing apolitical
is a part of that abominable,andevendia duty,
bolical
system of fraud and tyranny, miscalled a Go-
vernment, which the Tories struggle to establish
and
The
maintain.
provincial papers abound in statements of
exclusive dealing, practised by the Tories; of
threats and intimidation used by them •
standleoirf
men dragged to the poll by force ag'ain
will, declaring, while they recorded their tivotes
for one candidate, that they wished his opponent
to succeed. Throughout the elections such ap-
pear to have been the practices of the Tories.
They are held to be legal, and believed to be
right.
The man who has spun for Mr. BOLLING
eighteen years, or the farmer who has cultivated
the Duke of -NEWCASTLE'S land for tea years,
and paid the Duke 5001. a-year rent, has un-
doubtedly done a great deal more for Mr. Bot,
LING or the Duke than ever the Duke or Mr.
BOLLING could do for him. In fact, the work-
men and the tenants create the fortunes of the
masters and the landlords, and confer on them
an immeasurable obligation.
The Tories, however, think that all the obliga-
tion is on the side of those who enrich the masters
and the landlords, and who are enjoined to he
thankful for their slavery. They are required
also to vote for these demigods, and if they ob-
ject, the Tories use the power which the law con-
fers on them, to starve them out of existence.

When opulent men make or pervert the law to

gratify their malignity, or wreak their vengeance,
have they any right to complain that other men
seek similar gratifications, without asking leave
~f the law, or in opposition to its commands? Mr.
BOLLING tries, to starve men who have by their
labours enriched him, through 18 years, who
have done him no wrong, but have conscien-
tiously done their duty to their country on a par-
ticular occasion, at which he takes offence. The
men have no legal redress, the law intends their
oppression and thraldom; and if they are to imi-
tate Mr. BULLING, and try to put him out of ex-
istence, the law would visit them with the utmost
punishment. There being an abundance of
BOLLINGS, and the law enabling them to gratify
their love of vengeance, can it be a matter of
surprise that outraged nature sometimes gets the
better of prudence, and goads the populace into
sedition and riot ? For our part we freely
confess that we are not so much surprised at the
frequency of outrage in England, as at the ex-
traordinary patience and forbearance of the
people under the contumelious treatment
they continually receive from those who are fed,
clothed, and enriched by their excessive toil.
The example of Mr. BOLLING'S spinners is how-
ever very cheering. These men know their
rights, and knowing dare maintain them. They
will have many imitators; particularly when the
public take the part of the honest electors, and
protect them from the malignity of their masters.

The Paris Papers of Friday and Saturday, with inte-
resting intelligence from the French capital of Sunday's
date, have reached us. We have likewise received the
Levant mail with ad vices from Constantinople, Alexandria,
Smyrna, Athens, Corfu, and Malta, a summary of which
will be found in another part of The Sun. As might be
expected, the French opposition Journals violently attack
M. GUIZOT for replacing France on the amicable footing
which she occupied with respect to the other Great
Powers of Europe prior to the disastrous Administration
of M. THIERS. The following is a sample of the ribaldry
of the Constitutionnel, the accredited organ of the his-
torian of the Revolution :
" M. Guizot has completed his work ; he has put an end to
the isolation of France,' a sad success, of which certainly he
will not hale the ati.dacity to make a boast. What, in fact,
is this protocol ? Apparently it is an act ratifying the conclu-
sion of the Eas'..ern question. But what had France to do with
an affair br,gun without her knowledge, and carried into
execution without her concurrence and against her influence.
It ww.ild have been quite sufficient to have remained passive.
IS it not the height of humiliation to affix an exequatur to
what the Government desired, but did not dare to prevent.
Never had M. Guizot the courage to propose this exequatur
to the Chamber ; but what he did venture to say, he has
done. He has signed, after its execution, the treaty which
was concealed from him at its conclusion. As Minister, he
sanctions the trick which was put upon him as Ambassador.
Nothing now is wanting to the triumph of Lord Palmerston,
for the personage who gives his adhesion to the whole of Lord
Palmerstoa's conduct is the same who was his dupe."
The Presse, Count MOLE'S Journal, ably defends, and
triumphantly justifies the conduct of the Cabinet. We
have only space for a brief extract in reply to the attack
of the Constitutionnel

" The condition secured by the Protocol is quite important
enough for France to have been anxious to join in it. It was
besides the only becoming mode of escaping from the sad posi-
tion in which we had been placed by the diplomacy of the Cabinet
of M. Thiers. France has no longer to blush on resuming her
place in the conferences of Europe, now that the powers declare
the treaty of July 15 to he extinct—that Austria has not
blushed to do it, after the kingdom of Greece has been
founded without her participation, and even in spite of her.
Has not England also had her day of isolation ? Was
she not compelled, in 1823, in spite of her protests, to
suffer intervention] in the Spanish Peninsula? And did
that prevent her, at a subsequent period, and on a
proper occasion, from renewing her relations with Europe?
We can easily understand why M. Thiers should attach im-
portance to the dura.ion of the isolation in which his policy
had placed us. It must be very mortifying to him
to see his successors, in less than a year, snatch-
ing France from the consequences of his errors. If the
isolation of France be put an end to without injury, to her
dignity ; if her relations with Europe become more friendly
and confiding ; if public feeling be tranquillised ; if ruinous
armaments be checked ; if the fruitful labours of peace suc-
ceed to the noisy and sterile preparations for war; if States
become more wealthy without the necessity of imposing new
taxes upon the people ; if, in a word, an era of tranquil and
progressive civilization, should come, atter the political and
financial storm created by the cabinet of the Ist March, M.
Thit rs is lost for the future. The eight months of his disastrous
administration will only be remembered to be cursed, and to
serve as a warning against the recurrence of it."

The bulk of the Trench journals appear to regard with
comparative indiffereace the foreign policy of the Go-
vernment. All their predictions within the last year
have already come to nothing. A sense of shame, per-
haps, reduces them to silence.
The license for re .opening the Odeon as a second Theatre
Francais was signed yesterday and delivered to M. d'Epagny,
who is to be the director. One of the most important of its
privileges is, that it is to be allowed to play the old pieces of
the drama—Tragedy and Comedy—on first obtaining the ex.
press authority of the Minister of the Interior. The represen-
tations are to commence in the course of October.

'fhe King of Naples has commuted the punishment of
eight years' hard labour at the hulks adjudged upon the officers
engaged in the late duel at Naples, which we mentioned a
short time since, into two years' service in the ranks as private
soldiers.

The Sud of Marseilles says that great excitement has
been caused there by the stoppage ,:of Messrs. Merentie Bro-
thers ; adding, that on Saturday morning it was learnt that, on
the preceding day, a telegraphic despatch had arrived, ordering
seals to be put on their counting houses, books, and papers,
and to arrest M. B. Merentie, who had left Marseilles for Paris
a fortnight before. The orders for affixing the seals were exe-
cuted on Saturday morning.
The Courier Francais states that the height to which
the water now shoots above the orifice of the Artesian well of
Grenelle is 18 metres, or 59 English feet. It is supposed that
the recent earthquake has had some influence in causing the
temporary stoppage, now removed. The quantity of sand and
clay thrown up by the water, when it first shot out after the
stoppage, was enormous. Baron Humboldt and M. Arago had
quitted the spot only five minutes before. About 300 metres of
the tube have been already got down, and the remaining 250
for the lower part of the bore, are to be made of smaller di-
mensions, and lowered through the portion already fixed.
The King of Bavaria has permitted the Rev. Dr. Doyle
of London to collect, up to September next, in the Bavarian
State, subscriptions for the building of a Catholic church in
London. The King has subscribed 1,000 florins for this pur-
pose from his privy purse."
A letter from Frankfort, in the Cologne Gazelle, states
that during the building of the new Catholic church in that
place, the Catholics performed divine service in the Protes-
tant church of Sainte-Gertrude, the Protestants having, in
order to accommodate them, changed the hour of their own
service. In the consecration of the Catholic church, which
took place on the 27th ult., the clergyman in the course of his
on expressed in strong terms Ins gratitude for the spirit of
brotherly love and conciliation manifested by the Protestants
in the parish of Sainte- Gertrude.

A letter from Berne, of the 11th instant, states that there
was a fall of snow there the night before.
—The Memorial of Pau gives a lamentable account of the
state of the weather in that country, and the effects of the late
storms. A house in that toxin was thrown down on Friday
night, and the inhabitants owed their lives only to the resist-
ance of a beam, which supported the part in which they slept.
An immense mound of earth gave way near the hill of 13izancs,
and for a time stopped all passage on the road; but the authl-
rities had it cleared with promptitude, as fears were enter-
tained that some persons might be buried under it. This was
found not to have been the case • but a carriage had passed by
only a few seconds before the fall took place. Many trees were
rooted up, and other damage done.
The Constitutionne/ publishes a letter from a correspon-
dent at Belgrade, dated Ist inst., containing some more ac-
counts of the excesses said to have been committed by the Al-
banian troops and Turkish authorities in Bulgaria, which caused
the recent insurrection. This letter asserts that 2,500 inhabi-
tants were either killed, burnt, or impaled, near Nissa, and adds
several instances of revolting cruelty. The number of villages
in three districts alone destroyed is mentioned as 225.
The Temps quotes a letter from Constantinople, stating
that 3,0'00 regular troops had been embarked for Candia on
board of a 74, two corvettes, and a brig; and that 6,000 Alba-
nians were to hold themselves in readiness to leave at a mo-
ment's notice. This letter adds, on the authority of a person
who had arrived from Candia, that reinforcements were much
wanted by the Turks, and that in two affairs, on the 28th Slay
and the 4th inst., 6,000 regular troops were unable' to defeat
4,000 ill-armed mountaineers.

A correspondent of the Debats writes, on the Bth instant,
from Barcelona :—" We have had our day of barricades ; but
as no cannon were called into play, we have no loss of life to
deplore. The Captain-General Van Halen, who has the com-
mand of the coast-guard, advertised for sale, at five o'clock
yesterday afternoon,. in a small narrow street, the Calle de
Basca, near the market place, a quantity of contraband goods
which had been seized. The Ayuntamiento, fearing a disturb-
ance, requested the Captain-General to suspend the sale, but
he determined to persevere. Upon this the Alcades sent a
number of labourers with orders to unpave the Calle de- Basca,
and form the stones into barricades, so that all entrance into it
was completely prevented, and no one could reach the place of
sale, which was effectually prevented. The Captain-General
made no resistance to this manoeuvre of the municipality, and
the peace of the town remained undisturbed. In execution
of the decree far reducing the army, the second battalion of the
Royal Guard, in garrison at Barcelona, has just been disbanded."