The Sun.
London, England, 1840-05-26 00:00:00

NEW LABEL.

IN consequence of the great variety of Counter-
feit Wrappers of" ROWLAND'S MACASSAR OIL,"
now in circulation, and which so nearly resemble the original
as frequently to deceive the unwary, the Proprietors, acting
under a sense of duty, and regardless of expense in the attain-
ment of their object, the protection of the Public from fraud
and imposition, have employed those celebrated Artists,
Messrs. Perkins and Bacon, who have succeeded in producing
" A NEW LABEL" from steel, of so complicated and intri-
cate a nature, and of such excessive difficulty of execution, as
to amount an impossibility of imitation, and to be considered
by connossieurs a masterpiece in the art of engraving.
The label forms a combination of beautiful designs, a portion
encircling a BUST of her Majesty, the " Queen," which
surmounts the words, in two lines
ROWLAND'S
MACASSAR OIL.
(the ground work is composed of the most elaborate and chaste
patterns of lace-work ). Under which are the Signature and
Address of the Proprietors, in Red,
A. ROWLAND and SON, 20, Hatton-garden, London.
Counter-signed, ALEX. ROWLAND.

to defy
The Label is backed by a design so exquisite and minute as
competition ; it comprises the words << Rowland's
Macas,ar Oil," written nearly 1,500 times, and containing
29,028 letters. _ _

Hatton••garden, London, January 1, 1840.
The Lowest prigo is 3s. 6d. ; the next 7s. ; or Family
Bottles (containing four small) at la?. (id„. ang Double that
size, D. Is.

Some Impostors call their trash the " Genuine Macassar
Oil," and sign it A. Rowland Son," omitting the "&" offer-
ing it for sale under the lure of " cheapness."
*. Be sure to ask for " Rowland's Macassar Oil."
Sold by all respectable Chemists and Perfumers."

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

TATTERSALITS-YESTERDAY.

The room was crowded until near seven o'clock, but business
was not by any means brisk. The Melody colt was again
backed at 3 to 1 to six or seven hundred pounds ; his friends,
however, lagged tow rds the close, and suffered several offers on
the same terms to pass unhe ded. Launcelot's position as
second favourite was undoubted, and for the greater part of the
afternoon the highest price against him was 4 to 1. An advance
of half a point, about half-past five o'clock, led to engagements
to the amount of three or four hundreds; but the layers against
him were numerous, and 9to 2 was the offering- price at the
finish. Theon and Assassin were backed at the odds men-
tioned below, and left off steady. Bokhara, Scutari, and
Confederate were at 23 to 1 each ; 28 to I was offered against
the first of the three in three or four quarters, and 20 and 22 to
1 taken in another, but the average was as We have stated ; his
party was select. Muley Ishmael advanced to 33 to I, which
was taken two or three times. The same odds Were accepted
aboCt Cormorant, and 40 to 1 about Drayton, all to small
amounts. Warclan was declared not to start, in consequence
of being amiss. Closing prices:—

THE DERBY.
4 to 1 agst Scott's lot—taken
3 to 1 agst Mr. Etwall's Melody colt
9 to 2 agst Launcelot
to 1 agst Duke of Cleveland's Theon—taken
8 to 1 agst Lord Albemarle's Assa,sin
17 to 1 agst Lord Kelburne's Pathfinder
25 :0 1 agst Confederate
25 to 1 agst Bokhara
25 to 1 agst Scutari (the Velvet colt)
30 to 1 agst Prince Albert
33 to 1 agst Cormorant—taken
33 to 1 agst Muley Ishmael—taken
40 to 1 agst Drayton—taken
50 to 1 agst colt by Fairy Queen's dam—taken
1000 to 10 agst G ft colt—taken
1000 to 500 on Scutari ag,t Muley Ishmael—taken
GOO to 500 on Prince Albert agst Muley Ishmael—taken
1000 to 5t,0 on Pathfinder agst Cormorant—taken
1000 to 30 agst Mr. Osbaldeston's lot and Scutari colt—taken
THE OAKS.
No betting.

The Queen has given Dr. IVlaclaughlin permis-
sion to wear the insignia of the Legion of Honour, which the
King of the French has conferred upon him, in testimony of
his approbation of his conduct towards the wounded of the
French army after the battle of Salamanca, in 1812.
ALTRINCHANT.—Mr Archibald Prentice de-
livered a lecture in the Independent School-room, Altrincham,
on Monday evening last. After the lecture the Chairinan, Mr.
Webb, invited the opponents of the repeal of the Corn-laws to
come forward and discuss the question with Mr. Prentice, but
no one dared to ccme forward. Resolutions in favour of total
and immediate repeal, and expressing the thanks of the meeting
to Mr. Prentice, to the Chairman, and to the owners of the
room, were carried with loud cheers.—Mapchester Times.

A MATERIAL DIFFERENCE.—A clergyman
of a country village desired his clerk to give notice that there
would be no service in the afternoon, as he was " going to
officiate for another clergyman." The clerk, as soon as the
service was ended, called out," I am desired to give notice that
there will be no service this afternoon, as Mr. L. is going a
fishing with another clergyman." Mr. L., of course, corrected
the awkward yet amusing blunder.
LARGE IMPORT OF COTTON.—WC stated
last week, that not less than 60,000 bales of cotton had arrived
at this port in the course of three days. Since then, particu-
larly on Saturday and yesterday, little short of that quantity
has been received ; making in the space of ten days, a total im-
port of considerably above 190,000 bales. The northern docks
are so crowded with vessels, that the arrivals of Saturday and
yesterday still remain at anchor in the river. —Liverpool Albion.
Mr. C. Woon's VOTE.—But for the desertion
of two Hon. Members from the Liberal party, there would
have been a majority of one the other way ; and we are grieved
to say that the two Members are Lord Howick and Mr. Charles
Wood. We have seldom, if ever, been more pained by any
political event. The adhesion, should such prove to be the
case, of these gentlemen—sons of the venerable Earl Grey, and
of the much respected Sir Francis Lindley Wood—their ad-
hesion to the Stanley faction, and their opposition to the men
and the principles with whom their names and characters have
been so strongly identified, are deeply to be regretted. We
would be angry ; but sorrow has more the mastery over us, and
our painful feelings are aggravated by the reflection that the
blow has been struck by those in whom we reposed confidence
as friends. Cwsar struggled manfully against his assassins, un-
til his eye caught the form of Brutus in the midst of them ;
and then he was paralysed. The pain of the wounds was no-
thing to the mental agony of the thought that his friend Brutus
was amongst his direst foes.
" Keen were his pangs; but keener far to feel
He nursed the pinion that impelled the steel."
—.Halifax Express.
SINGULAR FACT.--It is well known that the
Republic of the Bees is proverbially remarkable for wisdom and
foresight, especially in matters connected with the seasons. The
forward smiles of the present spring howe‘er, have led even
sage wisdom astray : for on the 28th of last month, the tenants
of a hive, belonging to Mr. Peter Brovvnridge, of Emseete,
near this town, invited by the sunny warmth, burst forth pre-
maturely into a swarm, and were securely housed by their asto-
nished and delighted owner. We understand the usual period
is the month of June, the end of May being considered very
early.— Warwick Advertiser.
UNPRECEDENTED QUICK PASSAGE TO AND
FROM DUBLIN.-Our readers will recollect that last year, the
steam ship Fire King, 250 horses' power, the property of Mr.
Robert Napier, the celebrated engineer, of Glasgow, arrived at
this pot t, under fifteen hours from the Clyde. The same
boat, which had been laid up during the winter, ar-
rived here on Wednesday, from Glasgow, under the com-
mand of Captain Chaplain, with Mr. Napier himself on board.
It was resolved to try the speed of the Fire King with the
mail-boat to and from Dublin. Accordingly, on Thursday
morning the started shortly after her Majesty's steam-ship
Medusa. The Fire King passed the Medusa before reach-
ing the new floating-light, in Formby Channel, and rapidly
shot ahead. The Fire King arrived at Kingstown shortly
after four o'clock, one hour and twenty minutes before the
Medusa, having made the passage in little more than ten hours.
She started in the evening, with the mail-boat Queen Victoria,
and performed the distance between Kingstown and Liverpool
in nine hours twenty-five minutes, the quick_e_st pa!sage betwixt
the two ports on record. The Queen Nctotia was above
eleven hours on the passage. The Fire King has thus proved
herself the fastest steamer afloat. She returned to the Clyde
on Friday afternoon.—Liverpool Albion.
CAI"FURE —Aaron Hibbert, commonly called
•
Wig Wobert," was apprehended in a vood_ near Eckington,
on Monday last, and committed under the Coroner's warrant
to the next Assizes, charged with being accessory to the mur-
der of William Coggat', under-keeper to Sir G. Sitwell.
Hibbert was in a very ragged state, and stated that he had been
to Manchester in search of employment ; but not meeting with
any, he returned to the neigbourhood of Eckington, where he
was loitering when taken.
SUDDEN DEATH.--Last week an awful in-
stance of sudden dissolution took place at Pontypool. A fine
young girl, aged sixteen, daughter to a carpenter, was seen to
totter and fall ; she was immediately taken up, and carried for
medical aid, but the vital spark had fled.
TRADE OF SOUTIIAMPTON.—The effects of
the opening of the railway
.from London may already be seen
in the crowded state of the river and harbour. During the past
week, the number of splendid steam-vessels lying around the
pier have presented a very striking and enlivening appearance.
Monday the Archimedes steam vessel paid us a visit, and ex-
cited much attention by the peculiarity of her construction.
Her hull, divested of the unsightly appendages of paddle boxes,
is precisely similar to that of a beautiful yacht, her propelling
power being a newly invented application of the Archimedian
screw. Thursday, at noon, no less than five packets left the
pier together, each with a large cargo of living freight, for
0,0), Torquay, and Dartmouth. Many
Havre, Weymouth
distinguished arrivals have taken place, amongst which were
Lord Exmouth and Lord Adolphus Fitzelarence.— Hampshire
Independent.
THE 45TH.—On Monday morning last the
451 Regiment, now stationed here, marched about three
mites out of town, to a field near Tredegar Park, where they
were practising target firing. They had been firing for some
tirtp, ~ahen Lieut. Edar. Tickell, in proaaeding rapidly faosa his
company to the target, for the purpose of ascertaining the
effect of a volley, was tripped up by the scabbard of his sword,
and thrown forward with (Treat violence, by which he sustained
a fracture of the collar tone, and a severe contusion of the
shoulder.

We have just received several cheap republications
of the works of our standard authors, which Mr. Smith
from thne to time brings out in an elegant and commo-
dious form. Among them, we may mention Dr. John-
son's " Rasselas," a fiction which inculcates, though i❑
a more decent and respectful form, the same doctrine
promulgated by Voltaire in his " Candide"—Walton's
Lives of Donne, Wotton. - hooker, &e., a much over-
rated production—Milton's " Paradiie Lost," of which
we need say nothing—Ritson's " Robin Hood Le-
gemrs," which will be more acceptable reading to anti-
quaries than pocts—Goldstnith's " Citizen of the
World," a delightful work, in which, however, traces
may be discerned of the sonorous Johnsonian manner,
which do net appear in the author's later compositions
—and the " Life of Petrach," by a Lady rejoicing in
the Aldermanic name of Dobson. This memoir is one
of the amplest and most authentic that we possess of
the great Italian poet and friend of Rienzi ; and has
not yet received the full praise to which it is entitled.

THE LAST DAYS OF A CONDEMNED.
Smith and Elder, London, 1840.
" The Last Days of a Condemned," which has long
been. popular in France, is decided!y Victor Hugo's
clad d'teuvre. The picture which it draws of a crimi-
nal's last moments—of the mingled feeling-s: of shame;..
remorse, rage, and horror, which beset him almost to
madness, in the gloomy solitude of his cell—is painted
with terrible fiielity to nature, but at the same time
with a pains-taking minuteness, that at length becomes
somewhat wearisome. There is no relief to the picture
—not even a stray gleam of sunshine ; it is all in dark
shadow—one long agony from the first to the last page ;
and the mind soon tires of such continuous sombre co-
louring. In his preface to this striking work of fiction,
M. Hugo, in reply to a remark of one of his critics
that it was taken from an English production, in-
sists on its perfect originality—a claim which we are
by no means willing to concede to him, inasmuch
as we entertain a confident impression that the
idea of the story was suggested by a little
pamphlet published in Paris about the year 1792, by
a Swiss gentleman named Meard, and entitled "My
Thirty-six Hours' Agony." In this pamphlet, which
was re-published in London by the well-known French
journalist, Peltier, the author described in the most
impressive language possible the tortures which he en-
dured while waiting for two days and a night his sum-
mons to execution at the time of the September massa-
cres ; and entered into a minute analysis of the state
of his mind, noting down his sufferings from hour to
hour, just precisely in the same manner that the " con-
demned" here does in Hugo's romance. As v.,e have
read M 'gourd's pamphlet, we feel justified in declaring
it as our firm belief that the idea of the " Last Days
of the Condemned" was derived from i:s impressive
pages. Sir Hesketh Fleetwood, to whom we are in-
debted for the present translation of M. Hugo's story,
bag executed his task faithfully and elegantly ; and in.
traduced, by way of preface, some pertinent and forci-
ble remarks on the subject of capital punishments, for
the abolition of' which he is a zealous advocate.

THE CO UIV TESS OF SALISBURY. 3 VoLs.
Bentley, London, 1840.
The period to which this tale refers is the chivalrous
reign of Edward the Third, when that warlike Monarch
was just about setting out on his expedition against
France, at the head of one of the best appointed armies
that England ever sent forth into the field. The talc
opens with a description—in which we recognise some-
thing of Walter Scott's manner—of' a regal banquet in
Westrsinster Hall, where the King, excited by the taunts
of Count Robert of Artois, a French nobleman who is
an exile from his country, makes a solemn vow, i❑ which
he is joined by his nobles and courtiers, that be will in-
stantly invade France, and assert his right to the throne
of that kingdom. He does so accordingly ; and with
him goes the lover of the beautiful Alice, who is soon
afterwards elevated to the Earldom of Salisbury, and
marries the object of his affections. Unfortunately, on
his return to England, the King falls in love with the
fair Countess, and effects her dishonour at Nottingham
Castle, by means of an opiate which has been infused
into her wine ; and the tale concludes with an acknow-
ledgment made by the wretched victim herself to her
husband, of the outrage that has been perpetrated on
her by Edward. There are several stirring scenes in
this story ; and among them, we may instance, as de.
serving of high praise, the details of the murder of the
King's father, as related to the son by one of the parties
concerned in-that horrid act of cruelty ; the episodical
references to Van Artcvclde, the well-known brewer of
Ghent, and who forms the subject of a fine dramatic
poem by Mr. Taylor ; and the cursory sketch of the
wars in Scotland that grew out of the ambition of Ed-
ward
the First, which, though by no means essential to
the story, is given with much skill and energy. We
should not omit to add that the tale is a translation from
the French of M. Dumas, and that it is penned in a
flowing, animated, and graceful style.

A LETTER TO THE RIGHT HON. LORD
VISCOUNT MELBOURNE, UPON THE
STATE OF BANKING IN ENGLAND,-c.
By A MERCHANT.

Our table is crowded with pamphlets or. the Currency
and on the state of Banking in England, which seem to
have been awakened into life by the Committee which
the Chancellor of the Exchequer has induced the House
of Commons to appoint. The writers of them are
willing to contribute each his mite to the general infor-
mation, and all deserve the praise of patriotism.
The writer of the present production is by no means
friendly to the Bank of England. He undertakes to
shew " that all the disastrous fluctuations which have
occurred in our Money Market, and in trade, during
the last fortyfive years, have been caused by the pro-
ceedings of the Bank of England." That he fully sub-
stantiates this charge we cannot admit ; at the same

time by tracing the history of the Bank during those
years, and at different periods of convulsion, he brings
distinctly home to that body a great number of faults
and errors. The conduct of the Bank, however, as to
its issues, has been so frequently condemned and so fre-
quently defended, and that point is so directly under
the investigation of the Committee, that we shall not
further advert to this part of the pamphlet. We re-
commend the author, however, to throw off his mask
and volunteer his evidence to the Committee, which will
no doubt receive it and sift it as it deserves.

A greater novelty in the pamphlet than the attack
on the Bank is, we think, the author's account of the
prices of commodities, which, he says, " are more fre-
quently regulated by the quantity of capital employed
in holding them than by their actual cost." As to spe-
culative prices, with which, we are afraid, our merchants
are now much too familiar, the Merchant's observation
is probably true ; but to affirm as a general proposition,
that prices of commodities are regulated by the quantity
of capital employed in holding them, seems to us nb-
surd. There are but few commodities which can be
subjected to such an operation. Sugar, tallow, and
cotton probably may ; but the price of wheat and beef
and flour and cloth is much more regulated by the ac-
tual cost of production of those articles than by the
money capitalists may have to dispose of in buying or
holding them. Be the general truth of the axiom what
it may, we can but see, that many of the Merchant's
objections to the conduct of the Bank of England have
been dictated by its having contributed to the fall of spe-
culative prices by withholding or curtailing the supply of
notes, by means of which those prices were to be kept up.
We are opposed to the B ink of England, but not .
ex-
actly on such grounds ; and though we condemn the
manner in which its issues have been regulated, it is not
because they have prevented capitalists from ke (pin
up prices against the consumer.
Another novelty in this pamphlet is the author's com-
plaint thatin England trust property can by law only be
placed on mortgage or in the public funds, while in
Scotland trustees are empowered by law to lend trust
funds to the Scotch banks. " It is not only as regards
England," says the author, "inconvenient, but absurd,
that the surplus capital of the country should be so
locked up, instead of being employed for the improve-
ment of the agriculture and the commerce of the coun-
try." But this objection applies to the whole of the
public funds, which " lock up" a great many millions
besides trust funds ; and for every pound of trust money
brought into the funds a pound of capital is liberated to
be employed for the improvement of the agriculture and
commerce of the country. In truth, this complaint'
is visionary, so far as the public is concerned, though
trustees may have a right to complain that they arc
prevented by law from employing the money entrusted
to them in the most advantageous manner.
Again, our author has a scheme for improving our
banking system, of which one principal featura is the
establishment of " a Chartered Bank, with a large
capital, in each county of England, and in each Riding
of Yorkshire, to be called the Bank of that county,''
These banks are to be chiefly formed and directed by
the landed gentry, with a few professional men, and
supported by the aristocracy of each county. county
banks under the management and control of the
squires is for us something astoundingly novel. 'We
should have rather looked for a proposal to place the
agriculture of England under the spirited merchants ori
the metropolis. On
.the whole, we cen,eoz praise the
author's plan for the leopeevernetit of banking, though
we agree with hire, that at present the system is not a
good one.
We object to chartered banks—we object to mono-
polies of any kind. Banking is a business, like making
hats or shoes, only it is rather of modern origin, though

not of so late a date as the business of making steam-
engines. On no principle can we comprehend why the
Stale should meddle with the business of the banker, any
more than with the business of the steam-engine maker,
the shoemaker, or the hatter. In no business have greater
improvements been made ; within a few years is none may
mor e improvements be hoped for. W:th that business the
Legislature has•no particular acquaintance, and can no
more hope to direct it to advantage than it can the
business of the farmer. Unfortunately the monopoly
granted to the Bank of England has compelled the
State to interfere with banking, and 'the same me-
nopoi y compels every man in the empire to know, or
pretend to knew, something of the business of the
hanker. Our Merchant may be a clear-headed man of
business—we should be sorry to take his advice as the
basis: of legislation.
The following passage we quote for its moral. The
Bank of England bought the annuity in question by
issuing its promises to pay—that is, it borrowed of the
public, by issues upon the credit of the Bank, the sum
of .10,897,000/., with which money so borrowed of the
public the Bank contrived to make the public pay it an
annuity of 5J35,7•10/. till 'April, 1867. If this ,be not
juggling., and, by juggling, getting money, where shall
we find an example • fia'f, it ?
The Directors liveigiven the whole capital of the
Bank, 14,553,000/. to the Government, holding for it
14,686,800/, of three per cent. Stock, upon which they
get the dividends. With this proceeding I find no fault,
bat they gave further to the Government, between April
1823 and April 1828, the sum of 10,897,8801. out of the
eighteen millions, which latterly, upon an average, they
have raised by issues upon the credit of the Bank, in ex-
change for an annuity of 585,7401. payable yearly until
April 1867—just that Act, the placing upon fixed securi-
ties what they had raised upon their credit, and therefore
not available in csae of need, which has caused the ruin of
many wealthy Banks."

THE FIRST MARRIAGE OF THE

DUKE OF SUSSEX.

(FROM A CORRESPONDENT.)

The folloWing observations are respectfully sub•
mitted by one who warmly participates, and would be
proud to be identified with the editor of The Sun, with
reference to the truth and justice of the claims of the
issue of the marriage of his Royal Highness the
Duke of Sussex with the accomplished and truly unfor-
tunate Lady Augusta Murray.
The validity of the Royal Marriage Act must be ad-
mitted by every constitutional lawyer, to this extent,
namely, that it excludes the children of Lady Augusta
Murray from every honour and inheritence, which
legal right would have belonged, but for the Ttcya.
Marriage Act, to the issue of a marriage which was a
violation of that prohibtary law within the kingdom of
Great Britain.

But it is important to hem- in mind, in consider;ng
this case, that his Royal Highness, when the first mar-
riage was celebrated in Rome, was a Prince of the
Blood Royal, and Baron of Arklow, in the Peerage, of
what then was the kingdom of Ireland.
Under those very peculiar circumstances it will be
impossible to assume that the Royal Marriage Act,
which was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain,
( sithout any corresponding enactment by the Parlia-
ment of Ireland) can operate to annul an otherwise le-
gal Peerage of the Parliament of Ireland, or that any
unsupported Act of the Parliament of Great Bri-

tam can in nny way take away the legal succes•
sion of Sir Augustus d'Este (in the event of his sur-
vi% ing his Royal father) to the leAislative functions,
which will then devolve upon him, of the Peerage of
Ireland. His claim to-elect the Representative Peerage
of Ireland, or his capacity to be elected a Representative
Peer in the Imperial Parliament, will beirresisiible in point,
of law, and for the same reasons the Royal Marriage Act
will be a dead letter, and cannot affect the succession to
any other Crown to which the issue of that marriage
would be unquestionably entitled, but for the Royal
Marriage Act, save and except the Crown of the King-
dol? (I Great Britain.

Those politicians who laugh at the idea of a Re-
peal of the Union with Ireland, little imagine that the
Act of Union has no snore effectually provided that
012 Crown of Ireland and the Crown of Great Britain
shall be for ever inseparable, without any necessary al-
teration of the existing law, than that it was not penal
under the same Act. of Union for Members of Parlia-
ment, on taking their seats, to omit to take those un-
charitable and unchristian oaths and declarations which
it was intended to re-enact—for, in a certain re-
mote, and thank God, highly improbable con-
tingency, the separation of the two Crowns
would, in effect be the dissolution of the Legislative
Union, and this dissolution in that possible event would
be the inevitable consequence of the legal incapacity
created by the Royal Marriage Ant.
To cure this curious additional defect in the Act of
Union with Ireland, and to enact the prudent precau-
tion of rendering the two Crowns inseparable, (as far
as Acts of Parliament can accomplish that object), it is
absolutely incumbent and necessary for the Imperial
Legislature to repeal the Royal Marriage Act, or to
extend its operation to Ireland—but from the adoption of
this last alternative every upright man will shrink with
disgust—and then, and not till then, national purity,
and individual innocence, and truth, and justice, will
prosper, in the deserving persoas of the nobly de-
scended and deeply injured offspring of most noble and
high-minded parents—for such, it appears, that the
parents were, and it is to be hoped that the survivor
still is, as will be demonstrated by his parental conduct
on this subject.