The Sun.
London, England, 1847-01-16 00:00:00

Queen Isabella 11., is lineally descended from the same
King of France. Did it ever occur to Lord Palmerston
to question the right of Ferdinand VII. or Isabella 11.
to reign over Spain?
Lord Palmerston, in the 19th century, has done pre-
cisely what had been done by his pretcessors (and,in-
deed, by all Europe) during the 'nurse of the 18th.
lle
has not pretended, or so triuch as imagined, that the
right of Isabella IL (or of Ferdinand VII.) was dis-
putable or doubtful; that, by her descent from a branch
of the Royal House of France, which bad renounced its
rights to the Spanish throne, she lost those rights to the
same throne which had devolved upon her as a descendant
of Philip V.
The natural and true construction of the Treaty of
Utrecht carries with it such resistless conviction, that,
till it was questioned upon the present occasion, it has
beeen admitted universally and without hesitation.
Not content with the misconstruction to which I have
just adverted, Lord Palmerston puts upon the treaty a
false interpretation which is more serious still, which
strikes at its fundamental purpose, or rather, I might
say, at its existence.
Lord Palmerston says, 'that the main and real object
of the treaty, besides the restoration of mace between
the contracting parties, was that for which the preceding
war had been undertaken; that the main and real oh.
ject was to avert a too close and intimate union between
the kingdoms of France an Spain; and that the history
of the last century affords many examples to show, how,
notwithstanding the Treaty-of Utrecht, this intimate
union continued to subsist.
Therefore, in Lord Palmerston's ()Onion, the Treaty
of Utrecht did not suffice during the last century (end,
consequently, does not suffice at the present hour) to
accomplish its main and rt al object, and that this
object must be sought, nit in the fundamental condi-
tions of the peace which the treaty established, but in
the purposes of the war by which it had been preceded.
Strange forgetfulness of the lessons of experience, and
of the warnings which it has imparted, in all ages. to
the most powerful human designs! Governments en-
gaging in a war do not attain by it all the objects with
which they had flattered themselves; and when they are
forced by necessity, or persuaded by prudence, to put an
end to the war, peace is re-established (in almost all
cases) on a compromise of their conflicting pretensions.
It was the purpose of England and her allies to prevent
the grandson of Louis XIV., and the descendants of
that grandson, from establishing themselves on the
throne of Spain ; and it was intended by
Louis XIV., when he accepted the Spanish
Crown for a branch of his family, that this
branch should retain its rights to the Crown of
France. Such, during the first periods of the war,
were the objects and aspirations of the parties to it;
but, after twelve years of sanguinary conflict, the spirit of
peace resumed its ascendancy, and the two nations came
to a compromise. England and her allies consented
on the one part, that a branch of the House of Bourbon
should sit on the throne of Spain ; and Louis XIV.
consented, on the other, that the respective rights of the
Royal Houses of France and Spain should be completely
separated. Such was the Treaty of Utrecht, and such
was its main and real purpose. Accordingly, it did not
give to any of the belligerents all the objects which had
moved them to the war ; but it gave to all parties,
through a compromise of their adverse pretensions, the
peace which all of them needed.

- Those who wculd close their eyes to a fact so evident,
stud would seek, not in the definitive conditions of the
peace which terminated the war of the Spanish succes-
sion, but in the original purposes of that war, the prin-
ciples of their pretensions and their policy—those would
in truth be the violaters of the Treaty of Utrecht, of its
spirit and of its h ttcr, and would incur, before Europe,
now peacidul ant happy, the responsibility of the con-
sequences of such a violation.
The Miles Government adheres faithfully to the
Treaty of Utrecht, since it merely wishes to maintain
the bases of the European balarce of power, as that
treaty determined them. On the contrary, Lord Pal-
merston, at the very moment when he is appealing upon
a special point to the Treaty of Utrecht, rejects the
fundamental principles of that treaty, and discloses a
policy which assuredly is not one of peace and of for-
.bearance.

I have now accomplished what I had undertaken. I
have corrected the more serious of the errors contained
in Lord Palmerston's dispatch of the 31st of October,
and I have stated in their real and true light the more
important of the facts to which it relates. In a true spirit
of moderation and of peace, I abstain from every remark
which could merely tend to prolong a controversy hence-
ft,rth without object. lam earnestly desirous of saying
nothing hut what net ssity constrains me to state—no-
thing which might impede, in either country, the return
of a friendly and cordial policy—a policy (I have some
right to assert) to which no one has been, or remains,
more faithfully attached than myself. I think that the
facts have now been sufficiently brought to light to
:justify me in here closing this discussion. In concluding
it, I will endeavour to replace it within its true and con-
stitutional bounds. Lord Palmersto i has introduced a
name which should never hdve ben mentioned ; my
duty commands me to express my surprise, and to recal
to his recollection, that the responsibility of the policy
pursued by the King's Government, in respect to this
question, rests with myself alone, as my honour and
my right.

1 beg you to read this dispatch to Lord Palmerston,
and to give him a copy of it.
Accept, Monsieur ►e Comte, the assurance of my most
distinguished consideration.

(TO Ttr. COVTINUED

THE MEETING OF PEERS, COMMONERS, &c.
DCBLIN, JAN. 13.—Yesterday and this day a vast number
of tickets for admission to the meeting to-morrow were
issued by the committee. We have seen a list of the names,
Which comprise peers, members of the House of Commons.
and landed proprietors, from almost every county in Ireland.
The demand is so greAt (although a charge of ss. is made for
each ticket, to defray expenses), that the committee have
found it necessary to make anarrangement for the continu-
ance of the issue of tickets until eleven o'clock to-morrow
forenoon, one hour before the time axed for the commence li
-
thent of the proceedings at the Rotunda. Either the Marquis
of Ormonde or the Marquis of Sligo is to preside at the meet-
ing—most probably the former. The town is quite full of
country gentlemen.

THE NEW IRISH PARTY.
On Monday last the declaratory resolution: for the forma-
tion of a new Irish party received the signatures of a large
portion of the Irish Peers and Members of the House of Com-
mons, and arrangements are in progress for holding meet-
ings on the subject throughout the provinces. The follow-
ing resolutions have emanated from the Marquis of Sligo and
Mr. Moore, of .%:oore Hall, with the signatures, as we find
there in the Dahlia Eve,ing !Vail of this afternoon:—
" That at this awful period of national calamity it becomes
the first duty of every Irishman to devote his undivided
efforts to the interests of Ireland; and that neither politics,
'parties, nor personal prejudices should influence his mind in
the discharge of such a duty.
"That as we feel deeply convinced that our own divisions
have been the leading causes of tur own misfortunes, and
by weakening our influence in the councils of the empire
have deprived us of our share in the general prosperity, so
we are no lass firmly persuaded that it is by i•aion alone we
can repair the evils that dissension has crested.

" That if the necessity of joint and united action be urgent
and important to Ireland, under ordinary circumstances, it
at this moment becomes imperative and vital, as not only
the future fortunes, but the present lives of millions, may
depend on our exertions, and that dissension at such an hour
is not only a reproach, but a crime.
"That to make such an anion binding and effective, it will
be necessary not only to feel, but to act together, to take
atepa to ensure an united support or united opposition to
such measures as may be produced with regard. to Ireland
during the ensuing sessien of Parliament.
"That for this purpose we venture to suggest to the Irish
Members of the Legislature to meet t rgether at such time as
may be considered most proper and convenient, for the pur-
posa of forming an Irish party for the protection of Irish
interests, and we, earnestly entreat that every 'member of that
'body should resolve as far as possible to consider and modify
bis own opinion so as to meet the united feeling of the gene-
Tal body, and should banish from his mind all considerations
of party or prejudice at a time when the lives and interests
of his countrymen are so deeply periled.
"That we feel confident a union thus formed and carried
on for the protection of all classes will receive the support
and co-operation of all—the aid of the rich and the confi-
dence of the poor. We pray Divine Providence to bless our
efforts in the cause of our afflicted country—to promote
amongst us that feeling of united exertion and self-reliance
-which can alone raise at to our proper place in the great
empire to which we belong."
Mayo And. Armstrong, M.P.
Lorton Wm. Gregory, M P.
Sligo W. S. O'Brien, M.P.
Glengall J. M'Donuell, M.P.
Farnham N. V. Maher, M.P.
James Maxwell, M.P. Valentine Blake, M.P.
' Clements, M.P. Cast lemaine
J. O'Connell, M.P. Dunsandle
• Talbot de Malahide H. Bruen, M.P.
Daniell O'Connell, MP. Timothy O'Brien, M.P.
Maurice O'Connell, M.P. R. A. Fitzgerald, M.P.
Clonniel Riversdale
P. Somerset Butler, M.P. Valentin
Wm. Acton, M.P. A. Lefroy, M.P.
Richard Smithwick, M.P. Cloncnrry
IL Winston Barron, M.P. Rat hdowne
Cremorne Ccnyngham
Donoitghmore Limerick
Headfort Dunally
Clartcarty Dillon
Bandon Erne
Bernard D. D. Ross, M.P.
Kingston Mervyn Arcbdall, M.P.
Desert Cornelius O'Brien, M.P,
Shannon R. Browne, M.P.
G nt J. Boyd, M.P.
Waterford Caledon
Wallscourt O'Neill
C. Coote, M.P. Arran
Doneralle
A. B. Brooke, 31. p, Avonmore
• Crofton Downes
Clonbrock Drogheda
Ormonde Thomas Martin, M.P.
R. B. Osborne, M.P. Hor B. Seymour, M.P.
Mornington C. Powell Leslie, M.P.
Clarina Mu‘kerry
Dunra-en
G. A. Ilimailton, M.P.
Southwell
Kilmatne Charlemont.
The Evening Mail adds, that " many other peers A d Members of Parliament have signified theircortlial -11-
aence in the scheme; though, not having signed the d"neuur•
talent, their names do not appear. Very few have
expressed°e
froul
declared."ma
their 'dissent, and answers are still expe,ie:eydet
whose feelin kgs are well ~,,,. ti,,,,100, n„,

BUTCHER'S Cut RITA BL} iNSTITUTION.--Thursday
evening, the 18th annual ge.,eral:(neeting of the in .mber3 of
tlilis institution was held at ;the Freemasons' Tavern, Great
Queen-street, John Sharp, Esq. (the president), in the chair.
The report read by Mr. Ness (the secretary) announced that
the society now had 1,100 subscribers. Since the last meet-
jinikeight new pensioners had been elected on the funds, in-
ti \ lerciashig the number to 123. The committee had invested
„eerf-44 /I.•.\N S ' ein the Three per Cent. Consols,, making the pre-
t to nt of stock 9,827 Z The total receipts during the
"17,ir-- "_ ia ti- mounted to 2,062/., and. the expenditure, of which
Z..,,-1- • ~,5)294, vt or the support of pensioners, left a balance in the
I
l', -e.".4.:1- Al..* *wrath treasurer of 494/. The report having been ma-
j, , 1/ now* opted, and the officers for the ensuing year
, ',1,•-, • ' oidacka,- ein tringseparated.
..i.
~,..1:-.
~,,

~~

ROYAL SURREY THEATRE.
Lessee, Mrs. Frances Davidge.
THIS EVENING
Will be performed an original Drama, entitled THE HAND OF
CARDS—GAME, LICE, STAKES, DEATH. The characters will
be supported by the whole of the talented Company.
Diana Clarges,
After which, Moncrieff's Farce, called TORUN DOG. Lord
Rochester, Mr. Johnson; Master smith, Mr. Tindell ; Jacob Whit.
tington, Mr. Webb ; Jermyn, Mr. Lewis ; Nym, Mr. Hawkins ; Lady
tk:rs. Saville ; Alice, Miss Terrey.
,F,!reionclifle with a grand fairy Pantomime. called THE KING
cfore, Cle_wn, Derr N.
D
luequinlH "sTLE
; or, Harlequin in the Land of Dreams. Har-
Theo Herr Denim; Pantalon, Herr R Dlsalin 1 Columbllik
eulin •' un-" r's,'' neer E. Dentin. Mdlle.

ROYAL 'VICTORIA. THEA.TRE.
Boxes, ls., Half-price, gg. 4 VII, 6d• , Gallery,
Doctor" receiv.id by crowded audien.c.es with thunders of applause,
tears, and enthusiastic Cheering; and the great " Go.a-Head Pan-
tomime" pronounced,
thenanimous opinion and the public press
the best production of sea.oia.
THIS EVENING 3d.—" The ,Black
, "
Will be performed TIIE BLACK DOcTO.R. Which -
cent, Mrs. G. Lee, Miss L. Pearce, and Mea In
sTs, N. Miss Pin,
Hicks,
Howard, Bird, Searle, Forman, &c., win perform.
After which will be produced a grand Christmas Pantomime, en-
titled THE /31/ITII OF THE STEAM ENGINE ; o
i, Go-a-Laltd," and Joe Miller and his Men. Clown r, harlequin, If,. T, Parry.