The Sun.
London, England, 1847-04-14 00:00:00

JOINT-STOCK BANKS.

Union of London .. • • • • .. 10 •• • • 12%...... • • . 12%
Union of Australia • • .. .. 25 .... •• .. ••• • • • 24%
MINES.

Real del Monte, I7nretrietered .. .... 3%......
...

COURSE OF EXCHANGE.-(YESTERDAY).
Amsterdam ......C.F. 12 5% Gibraltar •••••••
Ditto, at sight • • .... 12 2% Leghorn . .
Rotterdam ...... 2U. 12 6 Genoa .•• .. 26 10
Antwerp •• . ...... 26 5 Milan
ilamburgli M.B. 13 113 Venice... . . .
Altona • • .... ••••• • • • • • Naples •••• • . • • .... • 40%
Parts. 3 days' sight .. • . 25 70 Palermo, perm.. ....• . 120%
Ditto, 3 months.. .. .. 26 Lisbon 53 %
Marseilles ............26 10 0p0rt0.... • ..... • ... • • 54 34
80urdeaux......... • . 26 5 Rio Janeiro • • 27
Frankfort on Maine.... 121% Bahia .
Petersburgh, 3 Us • • Buenos Ayres
Berlin ....... .
Vienna, effec.ffo ••• • • • 10 6 Philadelphia ........ „
Trieste, ditto.... • • .... 10 6 PRICkB Or BULLION, PER OZ,
Madrid ••.. • • ........ 36 Foreign Gold in bars ...f3 17 9
Cadiz • • •.. : ........ 36;4 New Dollars.. 0 4 10%
••" _ _

Bilbao..•• • .

Barcelona .. ..... .....

Portugal Gold Coin .. 0 0 0

Spaniiii Doubloons .. 0 0 0

5eri11e...........
.....

Silver in bare ...... . 0 :- -

BREAD FROM OIL CAKE.—A person named Polak,
residing at Vienna, has just-discovered that the oil cake
made from culeseed. after it has been pressed for ex-
tracting the oil, may be made into a palatable and nou-
rishing bread. The process is, to grind the cake into
flour, then to put water on it, and to stir it about vio-
lently. The water, which is charged with the bitter
parts of the substance, is thrown away after the flour
has subsided, and the flour is then kneaded and baked
like ordinary bread. The new bread has been employed
in the houses of rich and poor at Vienna, and the Arch.
duke Stephen has ordered a large qu mtity to be sent to
the mountaineers of Bohemia.—GalOani.

VAN DIEMEN'S LAND AGAIN.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Silt,—Having read in your journal of the 10th inst. a
reprint of a letter addressed to the Editor of the Times
journal, signed " Audi .Alteram Parton," in relation to
the recall of Sir Eardley Wilmot from the government
of Van Diemen's Land, accompanied by your own edito-
rial observations upon the measures adopted towards that
gentleman (as worthy of admiration as they were cha-
ractetistic of that independent spirit which has estr
distinguished your valuable print), I am induced to bring
under your notice another case connected with the same
colony, invAving, I will venture to say, circumstance;
no less grievous in their features, and no less ce!culeted
to produce ruinous consequences to the individusl prin-
cipally concerned than those which have already evoked
the well-earned mead of your condemnation.
I allude to the case of Mr. Syeney Stephen, late a
practising barrister in Van Diemen's lond, %here he
had, for many years prior to 1842, enjoyed an unsullied
reputation, and an almost un.xampled professional
success. In the above-mentioned year, Mr. Stephen was
called upon by the Judges of the Supreme Court of that
colony to answer to a charge of having acted in some
specified case at Nisi Prius in the twofold capacity of
counsel and attorney. There 'was something in this
accusation calculated to produce ill-natured ex-
citement, the facility of stimulating which is pro-
verbial in all small communities, and criminatory
affidavits were readily supplied, for the purpose of
heaping condemnation upon this gentleman. A judicial
investigation succeeded, the result of which was, that Mr.
Stephen foul d himself deprived of all the honours, privi-
leges, and emoluments of the colonial bar, for which he
had many years before resigned those of a practising
barrister in England ; deprived by a sentence of dismissal
pronounced by the two Judges who composed the Su-
preme Court, and pronounced, so far as relates to Mr
Justice Montagu, in language so redundant of invective.
as to call for the severe reprehension of my Lord
Brougham in pronouncing the judgment of the Judicial
Committee of the Privy Council in reversal of the sen-
tence, declaring that there was no colour whatsoever, for
the charges so preferred against Mr. Stephen, and
stating that that gentleman's character, professional or
otherwise, stood unimneachcd by that unjust decision.
By the Act of the Imperial Legislature, 9th of Geo.
IV., cap. 83, the laws of this colony were declared awl
regulates', the 24th section thereof enacting, " That all
laws and statutes in force within the realm of England
at the time ot the' pa,sing of that Act not being iticon
sister t therewith, or with any charter or hitters patent,
or Older of Council, which might be issued in pursu-
ance thereof, should be applied in the admini.tration ot
justice in the courts of New South Wales and Van Die
men's Land respectively, so far as the same could be
applied within the said colonies. Pity it were that the
Imperial Legislature did not at the same time declare
and enact that all the rules and regulations which moral
obligation and common decency suggests and enforces
in this couutry should be maintained and observed at its
antipodes. Had such been the case, the colonists of Van
Diemen's Land would still have reaped the benefit of
Mr. Stephens's unexcelled judgment, ability, and great
practical experience, that gentleman and his family would
still be in the enjoyment of that ample and honourable
independence which was the just reward of his merits
and high legal attainments. and of which, by the recent
decision of her Majesty in Privy Council, it now lies
beyond the reach of controversy to deny that he has
been illegally and unjustly deprived. In this country-
the duties as well as the privileges of those to whom the
public confide the conduct and management of their legal
affairs are separated and distinctly defined.
Not so in the colony of which lam now speaking.
There the practitioner is permitted to exerci e conjointly
the accumulated functions of barrister, solicitor, proctor,
attorney, &c., &c.
Here no solicitor or attorney ever thinks of usurping
the peculiar province of the advocate, there the profes-
sions are, as it were, thrown into what the lawyers term
" hotchpot." Is it not, tt. erefore: an irresistible con-
clusion that Mr. Stephen has become a victim to "the
delusion, the mockery, and the snare" of this disgraceful
system? And will it not be readily conceded that, e, en
supposing he had been guilty, though pronounced to
have been innocent by the unanimous judgment of the
Privy Council, that the system and not the man would
have been chiefly answerable for the coruequence, nay,
rather I would ask, would it not be matter of surprise
that any class of men surrounded by the seductions of
so vile a system should have maintained the fortitude to
resist contamination?
So far forth as the professional character and reputa-
tion of Mr. Stephen has been assailed by the judgment
so pronounced against it. He has at length, by in
domitable spirit, energy, and perseverance, rescued it
from the damning influence of this colonial adjudication,
but whence is he to seek a sufficient reparation for all
his mental sufferings and anxiety—for that enormous
sacrifice endured (at least to a certain extent) for a
period of nearly five years of that untainted reputation
which is the one thing needful in the estimation of every
honourably-minded man? Where is he to seek repara-
' tion for that pecuniary sacrifice which compelled him and
his family to abandon the home of their adoption, with all
its surrounding comforts and affluence, in pursuit of the
restoration of that peace of mind, that spotless reputa
tion, and that well-earned wealth, through the dangerous
and troubled ocean of expensive and protracted liti-
gation?
Thee relative positions of Mr. Stephen and Sir
Eardley 3'KApntsere?trictly4arallel. The former con-
his character to the judgment of the only tribunal com-
petent to pronounce its re- establishment ; so likewise
did the latter, so far as lay within his own power, and in
each case the parallel has still been maintained, and the
principal objects of each have already been triumphantly
achieved. Sir Eardley Wilmot had no means of sub-
mitting the accusations preferred against him in his
official capacity through the medium of the Colonial Se-
cretary's public dispatch, to the consideration of an appel-
late jurisdiction; to this extent the breath of the Colonial
Minister was omnipotent, but so far as his moral cha-
racter was assailed by the private letter of the same
functionary, he promptly and voluntarily submitted it
to the protection of the most competent authority, viz.,
to that of a tribunal chosen and sea: cted by the Executive
Council of the colony as well as to the scrutinising ordeal
of public opinion, and from each has he received the
confirmation of his most sanguine wishes and expects
tions, testified as it has been, by the voluntary signature
of all the good and the virtuous of that community to
an address which expresses the high sense which they
have at all times felt, and still continued to feel, for his
moral character, but still more powerfully testified by
the continuance of that friendly intercourse which had
never fur one moment been suspended or disturbed. Sir
Eardley Wilmot, in his private capacity, still continues
to reside amongst that community whose esteem and
friendship he has so justly earned, awaiting the an-
nouncement of that retribution which he appears so
amply entitled to expect will be accorded to him by the
present successor of that moral mirror in which the Co-
lonial Secretaries for ages yet unborn must henceforth
delight to view themselves. He awaits the rr stilt in con-
fident reliance on the irresistible strength of a just cause
and the healing influence of that glorious maxim—
.' Audi alteram partem."—l have the honour to be, Sir,
your obedient servant,

A Colonist and an Impartial
OBSERVER.

MR. DOUGLASS and THE BRITISH
AND NORTH AMERICAN ROYAL MAIL
COMPANY.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

regret to find that a letter signed Frederick
Douglass" has been published, in which my name is
mixed up in a manner that appi arsto me to be very ex-
traordinary and unjustifiable. Having been absent from
Liverpool for a week on business, I had not an earlier
opportunity of noticing this, which I shall flaw do as
briefly as possible.
The first time Mr. Frederick Douglass saw or met
with me was not, as he states, before, but after he had
agreed with my people to arrangements and accommo-
dation for his passage on board the Cambria, with which
he expressed no dissatisfaction to me, but the contrary.
Mr. Douglass had no conversation whatever with me
except in the presence of three or four other individuals,
and the whole point of my remarks amounted to this—
that he (Mr. Douglass) when coming from the United
States some months ago in the same vessel, the Cambria,
as a steerage passenger, was , invited by some of the
cabin passengers to enter the saloon, and was the cause,
whether intentionally or unintentionally on his part, of
producing, by the observations he made use of, serious
disturbance on board, which required the authority
of the captain to quell, in order to restore peace
and safety. Under these circumstances I told
Mr. Douglass, aat had he not entered into
the arrangements which had been completed.
I should undoubtedly have considered it my duty to re-
quire of him, before allowing him to embark, a distirct
pledge that he would neither of himself, nor at the
desire of others, follow such a course as was likely to
lead to a repetition of such scenes of confusion as had
formerly occurred. I added that, from the conversation
that had just taken place between us, it was unnecessary
Ilshould act or say mcre upon the subject. I moreover
told him that 1 should have taken the same course had
his name been John Jones, or anything else, instead of
Frederick Douglass, or had he been the whitest man in
the world. These were my words.

All I find fault with is, that Mr. Frederick Douglass
has withheld the entire conversation which took place
between us, and by suppressing the most material facts
and giving a spurious version has misled the public.
I admit, to the fullest extent, my accountability for
what was actually dote, or actually said, to Mr. Douglass
by my people ; but, he having so commenced by misre-
presenting the conversation I myself had with him, I
shall nut discuss, through the press, either now or again,
his al'egations as to what took place with others.—l am'
Sir, your most obedient servant,

CHAS. MAC IVER.
British and North American Royal Mail
Company, Liverpool, April 12, 1847.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES.
SIR,—My accidental absence from town for a couple
of days l
has
the occa7th sione
auml y s dseeing at the same time your
journa of Bth inst., the former of which
contains a letter from Mr. F. Douglass, and the latter
some observations of your own on the subject of that
communication.
You are pleased to speak " of your intense disgust at
the conduct of the agents of the Cambria;" expressions,
in my opinion, equally unmerited and strong.
Allow me, as one of the principal proprietors in the
Cunard Company, and as the person responsible for the
directions given to its subordinate agents in this country,
to place the matter fairly before your readers.
So far as we ourselves are concerned, it is really a
matter of perfect indifference whether the passengers
conveyed by our vessels are black, white, or c:Tper-
coloured. Non olet nummus ; the fare of one man is
.as
good as that of another. But if there
exists, ail dis-
tinctly affirm that there does, an absolute
disgust OU the part of a great majority of white men,

and particularly of white women 1, not less in England
than in America, to come into clot e contact with blacks
mores, are we the proper parties t a be blamed for this
aversion and loathing? Can it be expected by any ref.-
sonable being that the proprietors of a mere carrying
trade shall utterly annioilate, not tt eir profits only, but
their very business, by oppoeteg the feelings or the tan
cies, whatevcr they iaay bc, of aver y great prtipot Lion of
their customers? It is no longer !amok than the 7th of
November last that 43 first class berths having been en-
gaged on board this very easel, it so happened that the
44th and 45th were taken by a blaelc gentleman and his
wife, also a black woman. On this circums awe becom-
ing known only three days before I,he ship sailed, and on
the London agents, who were without specific instruc-
tions on the matter, having ref .iserf to cancel the two last
issued tickets, no less than 2;1 out of 43 berths were
thrown up, and the company su stained a loss exceeding
1,1001. Of the parties thus throwing up their berths, I
took the trouble to ascertain that 10 only were American,
and the remaining 19 English. Are we, I repeat it. to
blame for refusing to renew Ole co,tly txperinunt ?
When the sight and smell of the n:7=jority of your coun-
trymen are so much altered a., that t near eyes can regale
upon the colour, and their n ts,s agi'eeably imbibe the
odour of a negro, we shall gladly welcome the change.
Until then we are compelled ny our own interests as a
commercial company to place upon the issue of tickets to
blacks such restrictions and conditions as were specifi-
cally stated to Mr. Douglass.
Of Mr. Douglass's letter I do not wish to say a word
in disparagement. He has stated the matter plainly.
simply, and without exaggeration ; though he ought, I
must add, not to have omitted menttoninc, that the ticket
was originally issued by a mere le.d in tee absence of the
senior ckik, and that the instant the circumstance was
discovered he was pressed to receive back the money
which had been thus improperly taken.—l am, Sir, your
faithful servant,
CHARLES M. ItURROP,
(Of Asgtll, Virginia, United States),
Head Manager of the Cunard Company of Liners.
1 Maidenhead, Berkshire, April 8.

COURT CIRCULAR. , •
The Queen and Prince Albert visited her Majesty
the Queen Dowager yesterday at Marlborough House.
Her Majesty and his Royal Highness were attended by
Major• General Wemyss and Captain the Hon. A. H.
Gordon.

His Royal Highness Prince Albert rode out on horse-
back yesterday attended by biaEquerry in, Waiting:
~„.vird:
Her Majesty and Prince Albert, attended by flit-
Cinn,tess of Mount EdLecumbe, Hon. Miss Kerr, Hon.
Miss Cavendish, Lord Byron, Major-General Wemyss,
and Captain the Hon. A. H. Gordon, honoured the per-
formance at her Majesty's Theatre with their presence
yesterday evening,
. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge
honoured her Majesty's Theatre with her presence Lst
evening.
The following members of the new Bisholprics' Com-
mission attended a meeting yesterday in Whitohall place:
....The Archbishop of Canterbury, Lord John Russell,
the Bishop of London, the Bishop of Winchester, the
Bishop of Chester, Sir George Grey, the Earl of Chi- ,*4
chester, and the Earl of l'owis.
• Viscount Palmerston arrived in town yesterday from
his seat, Broadlands, Hants.

Mr. Tancred had an interview with Sir George Grey,
yesterday, at the Home Office.
Tho Earl of Clarendon arrived in town yesterday from
his seat, Grove Park, Herts.
• The Duke of Wellington has arrived in town.
The Right Hon..T; Milner Gibson has returned to
town.

The Lord Advocate of Scotland and Mrs. Rutherford
arrived at Farrance's Hotel, Upper Belgrave-street, for
the season, yesterday, from Edinburgh.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
BATH AND SOMERSET COUNTY MEETING•

TUESDAY.

The Produce Stakes of -5
o—s-o-v;.- each, h ft. One mile.

(11 Subs.)
Mr. Griffiths's Lady Lift, Bst 51b (Marlow) I
Mr. Herbert's Tantivy, Bst 101 b .
Mr. Dixon's The Scottish Lassie, Bst 21b (carried

Bst 121 b)
Bto4 on Tantivy. Won by four lengths.
Run in 2 min. 4 secs.

The Weston Stakes-Ot 15 sous. each, 16 ft, and 25 addrd;
for two yrs_ old colts, Bst 91b ; and 611ias, Bst 41b.

Straight -balfmile. (10 Subs.)
Mr. Dixon's Do-it-again, Bst 41b (A. Day) 1
Mr. Di itikald's Good Boy, Bst 9113
Duke of Richmond's Nectar, 84 11b
The following also ran :—Mr. Bateman's Baccball!-
lian, Est 91b ; Mr. Bristow's Fernbill, Bst 61b ; Mr. A.
Goddard's fby Venison, or Seahorse, out of Papas'
Bst 41b ; and Mr. Jones s f by Ishamaelite, out of 800
Shirley's dam, Bst 41b. Betting-6 to 4 agst
7to 2 agst Nectar, and 4to 1 agst Do-it again. WWI.
by a length ; Nectar a good third. Run in 55 secs. ,
The Somersetshire Stakes of 25 Sovs. each, 15 ft, and
5 only if declared, with 100 added ; the second to re
ceive 50'., and the third to save his stake. Two miles,
and a dis. (64 Subs., 53 of whom declared).
Mr. Pedley's Miss Burns, aged, 7st (A. Day)
Mr. Parr's Rosin the Beau, 4 yre, sst 21b .............. 2
Mr. Gregory's Clermont, 3 yrs, 44 6lb ............... 3
Mr. P. P. Pryse's Buscot Buck, 6 3 rs, 6st 81b......... 4
The following also ran :—Sir J. B. Mills' Miss Elio,
,Powlett's Mount Callan, .4
yrs, 7st 81b—Mr. rimelcion NeW orest D. er, 6 yrs,
7st lib—and Sir J. Gerard's Morocco, 4 yrs, 6st 121 b.
Betting-6 to 4on Clermont, sto 1 agst Miss Burns,
and 6. to 1 agst Morocco. Won by three parts of S
length. Clermont a bad third. Run in 4 minutes Oa
11 teconds.

The Selling Stakes race was not run when our sc°
count lett the course.

EDUCATION IN THE UNITED

STATES OF AMERICA.
In the United States an expenditure is incurred O
educate such portions of the people as stand in need °f
it, which by far exceeds anything of the kind in Europe.
The amount of the " school" fund in Connecticut (95
we find it sated in the American Almanack, for 1847)'
is 2,070,055 dollars, or about 500,0001. a year.
In Kentucky the school-fund is 1,221,819 dollars, of
about 250,000/. a year.
The State of New York devotes to the school fund the
enormous sum of 6,374,144 dollars, or about a million
and a half pounds sterling.
Similar funds are raised in nearly all the States, b°
in none so liberally as in New York. The new StateSi
such as Texas, Illinois, &c , and some of the slave State!:
are most behind. In the new States the populetion is
probably too scattered for public schools • in the slave
States, the whites are educated in schools which the,/.,
support independently of the State funds.
Besides the State schools, there are in different placci
of the Union 108 colleges, the students being of variGtls
religions. Others are supported entirely by Catholics,
Baptists, Presbyterians, &c.
The expense of a student at Bowdom is,—for instrne"
tion, 24 dollars; room, rent, and other expenses, 22
dollars; board for thirty-nine ‘%,eeks, 58 dollars; wouut
lights, and washing, 35 dollars; total, 139 dollars, or
about 35/ a-year.
There are, also, thirty-four theological schools, all of
which are Protestants; eight law schools; sled thirty'
two medical schools.
There is as much religious mixture there as here. The
Catholics have 675 churches; Protentant Episcopalian*
1,232 ditto; Presbyterians (old school), 2,794 ditto; Preg"
byt. riins (new school), 1,4f.04 ditto; Regular Baptists.
9,479 ditto; Free-will Baptists, 1,165 ditto; Reformed
Baptists, 2,500 ditto; Christian Baptists (Unitarians),
650 ditto; Unitarian Congregationists, 300 ditto.
The number of church. s b. longing to the Methodists
is not given; but of the various kinds of Methodists
there are upwards of 13,000 nsinisters, and about
1,200,000 communicants;
has been
taxes, they each o
called supporting a " lie;" but, in America, they have
acnclmtarsibaultletliteoswechtastpay State
f them
pinofianithobflep,erfection when any man
and they are willing, iiinr:tyyseett a
hr
Imvesdelfatutphaast
Christian love, to lend a helping hand each to his neigh-
bour, or to his neighbour's children, and to establish
sound, secular, and moral system of education, without
reference to creeds.

WINDSOR, MONDAY EvENING.—This afternoon
aptrian
eqeu acrot enrs
o'
rbte,fowrieth thThree er
ooy'ac
occhki drteh ne Queen a
,t
ham Palace. Her Royal Highness the Duchess ;
is daily improving in health, and purposes to remove
Frogmore to Clarence House, St. James's Palace',
on Wednesday next. The Queen, it is understood, doe
au.teera
sn ojd the
°lio
of twelve days only, left Windsor Castle for Buck;"g
not intend returning to Windsor Castle before the Ist
June (Ascot Races); but it is probable that her Majesty
and the Royal Family will pass a week or two at 0151.".
mont previous to the birthday drawing-room.
HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.—The troupe has re;
ceived another accession of strength in the perasn e`
Signora Vietti, the well- known contralto, who arrival 011
Monday night. Most contraltos having sought for nal
years past to force their voice into soprano notes, operas
are no longer written for them, and they find emploY:
went but rarely—still is the possession of such voice;
necessary to tho completeness of a troupe. News was
received this day that Mdlle. Lind was coining direct IV
the most rapid conveyance.
;
DRURY LANE THEATRE.—The Desert is the
greatest hit which has been made here for years PO"
and is nightly filling the theatre. Last evening Pre-
sented one of the most brilliant assemblages ever
the walls of the theatre.

-----
AMATEUR PERFORMANCE, ST. JAMES'S TREATS°.
—We understand that her Majesty has retained her bol‘
for the amateur performance at the St. James's Thestrei
on the 27th inst. Her Royal Eghness the Duchess 0i
Gloucester, and her Royal Highness the Duchess °
Cambridge, also intend to honour the performance wit'.
their presence.
Ps.—The plants for the coming season fire
beginning to show ; the cold weather of so long coral'
nuance causes them to be a month later than last sPriy4
yet with a fine warm summer that may be overcome, '`)
the well-known rapid growth of the bine soon makes OP
for a late spring ; some of the most prolific season,
were after a severe and long winter, 1828 particulaTX
The gardens have been well manurtd, dug, and clean
during the last month, no better weather could 1104..
been for such operations. Poling about Farnham,
ton, and villages around is becoming general ; and co
the alight hillocks from where the plant shoots, t
white bine plant as well as the golden look healthy'
Two or three weeks' fine warm growing weather wI!"
give an agreeable change in every district where t°ll'
useful bitter is grown.
Extensive preparations are being made for tbet
erection of the proposed spacious railway L
station
Monkwearmoutb. The cost of the structure will
about 8,000?. Mr. T. Moore is the architect, and coy
tracts have been let to M. Wui. Tone, moron ; d
Pattinaon, j Auer ; .Mfr.. Cook, painter and glazier ; att
Messrs. Diumett, &mbar& •