The Sun.
London, England, 1841-05-06 00:00:00

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LONDON:
THURSDAY. MAY 6, 1841.

The Peers did not meet yesterday.
After the presentation of numerous petitions in the Com-
mons, Sir R. INGLis gave notice that on the 18th he should
call the attention of the House to Church Extension.
Mr. Muicrz gave notice that on the 13th he would move an
Address to remove the Earl of CARDIGAN from her MA.
JICSTY'S service.

Sir G. CLERK for Lord SANDON, announced the words of
the Noble Lord's motion on Friday, to the effect that the
House is not prepared to support her MAJESTY'S Government
in proposing a reduction of the duty on foreign sugar.
Lord JOHN RUSSELL met this announcement with another,
to the effect that if the House did not go into a Committee of
Ways and Means, and Lord SANDON'S motion were put from
the Chair, he would move a resolution that it is practicable to
supply the present inadequacy of the revenue by a judicious
alteration in the protecting and differential duties, without in-
creasing the public burdens, and at the same time giving relief
to the industrious classes. On those questions the House and
the country will now have to decide. If the Tories carry
their views into effect, they will give another proof that the
House of Commons is thoroughly regardless of the interests of
the bulk of the people of England, and must be purged by
Chartism.

In reply to Lord DUNGANNON, Lord Jorix RUSSELL
stated that non 3 of the surplus funds in the hands of the Eccle-
siastical Commissioners had yet been applied to augment the
poorer benefices.

TY. e House was occupied through the greater part of the
evening with the County Coroners Bill in Committee, and the
majority of the Houso seemed more eager to disfranchise the
present race of electors of coroners than anything else. They
were generally successful. After a protracted discussion,
on the various clauses, and several divisions, the Chairman re-
ported progress. At Half-past One the House Adjourned.

The value and importance of the Ministerial
propositions are proved by the fury of the Tories.
If they were not calculated to benefit the people,
all the corrupt and sinister interests would not
so zealously combine against them. In
all quarters, however, the corruptionists are
mustering all their forces, and employing
all the arts with which they are so fa-
miliar to get up a powerful resistance to
the Ministerial scheme. Whether they shall
succeed will depend on the people. If the latter
are in love with dear bread and cramped trade, if
they are resolved to pay a double price for their
sugar, to foster tlvAuxury of West India plant-
ers, if they wish to strengthen and fatten the
vermin which now prey on them, and if they
are contented to have their hands pinioned,
that they may be the more easily plundered,
they will do right not to give themselves the least
trouble to resist the corruptionists. If, on the
contrary, they wish that the propositions of the
Ministers should be successful, they cannot too
soon exert themselves, for the host of corrup-
tionists is enormous, their zeal fiery, and their
combination formidable. To oppose them there
are-only truth, justice, and the people; but these
will, in the long run, prevail over all their oppo-
nents. To ensure their present success, the
ople have no time to lose, nor exertions to
Re thrown away.

The Whigs and the Liberals were the active
agents in putting an end to the slave-trade, and in
emancipating the slaves. Through the whole
contest, which was begun by CLARKSON, and ter-
minated by the Whigs abolishing that trade in
their short administration in 1806, the Tories
were the advocates of the abominal►le traffic.
From that time till the second administration of
the Whigs in 1833, when they also achieved slave
emancipation, the Tories in the Government were
the steady opponents of measures to promote slave
emancipation, and the Whigs in opposition were
the zealous promoters of such measures. Who are
now most anxious to put an end to the slave trade,
Dr. LUSHINGTON or Dr. LEFROV, Sir F. BUX-
TON or Sir G. CLERK, Mr. O'CONNELL or Col.
PERCIVAL, Lord J. RUSSELL or Sir R. PEEL
Again the Whigs are active in their work, and
are sending out an expedition to the Niger,
which is an evidence of their zeal, if not of
their discretion. Thus from the beginning to
the end the Whigs have been the constant, sin-
cere, and steady friends of negro freedom, while
the Tories have been its secret or open enemies.
No sooner, however, do the Whigs propose a
measure to give a little relief to the over-taxed
people of England, without inflicting the
smallest injury on the black resident population
in the colonies, however much it may affect the
rent of the white estate owners who live in Eng-
land, than the Tories oppose it on the ground
that it will encourage the growth of slave-
grown sugar, and keep up the slave-
trade. This is of a piece vith the
whole conduct of the Tories. Plunder the indus-
trious people by law, is the single unvarying article
of their creed, while they prostitute the hallowed
names of liberty, humanity, and religion to ob-
tain that end. Their conduct answers two pur-
poses, it degrades the general morality, and fits
men for slaves, and puts pelf into their own
pockets.

We are not particularly friendly to the exer-
tions of Messrs. POWELL BUXTON, LUSHINGTON,
and Co. We deem it more worthy to put an end
to slavery at home than slavery abroad. We deem
it even dishonest to take a single farthing from
the taxed people of England to carry into effect

a romantic scheme for civilizing Africa. We not
only deem it to be dishonest, we know that the
whole scheme of the anti-slavery party has been
unsuccessful. At the expense of much treasure
and much blood it has engendered and increased
the evils it was meant to prevent. The Tories,
however, appeal to that as the justification of
their opposition to the reduction of the sugar tax,
and make this unseemly waste of our blood and
tioasure a justification for continuing to impose
an unjust burden on the people.
Last night Sir G. CLERK announced in the
following terms the amendment which Lord
SA:NDON is to move on Friday:—
"Resolved, that considering the efforts and sacrifices which
Parliament and the country had made for the abolition of the
slave trade and of slavery, with the earnest hope that by our
exertions arid example we might be able to lead to a mitigation
and final extinction of this evil in other countries, this House
is not prepared, especially with the present prospect of the
supply of sugar from the British possessions, to adopt the mea-
sure proposed by her Majesty's Government, for the reduc-
tion of the duty on foreign sugar."
The Tories are all at once, then, most sensi-
tively alive to the evils and horrors of slavery
and the slave trade, and have no other object in
resisting the proposed reduction of the duty, but
to promote freedom and humanity. All the
planters, and those who kept whips and thumbi-
kins on their estates, as long as possible, who
compelled pregnant women to labour at cane
hoeing, or at the tread-mill, till they fell ex-
hausted, and flogged them till they could not
stand, will, with a view to mitigate the evils
of slavery in the Brazils and Cuba, vote for that
resolution many landlords will probably join
them. They will vote to keep up the price of
sugar, which is so detrimental to the farmers,
and they will still call themselves the farmers'
only friends. The hypocrisy of politicians, and
of all those classes who seek to enrich them-
selves by protecting or discriminating duties, is
truly sickening.

An excellent illustration of the fudge habi-
tually practised was afforded last night by the
people of Antigua petitioning, through Dr. Lusn-
INGTON, against the introduction of foreign sugar
into England. They pray that slave-grown
sugar may not be allowed to enter the limits
of the British dominions. Will the reader believe
that these Antigua people use slave• grown
sugar themselves, and use it because it is cheaper
than their own growth ? Here is the proof of
our assertion. The following passage in. Mr.
IWGREGOR'S evidence before the Import Duties
Committee has already been quoted. in The Sun :

The difference in respect to refined sugar, strictly speaking
is likewise intended to protect the refineries in this country,
inasmuch as the British colonies are not allowed to refine
sugar. They use foreign sugar refined in bond here, Bra-
zilian and Cuba slave-labour sugar. All the refined sugar
used in our sugar colonies is foreign sugar refined in bond,
and sent from England. It is sent to the West Indies, to
British North America, and to Australia. To all the British
colonies, I believe. They are altogether supplied with fo-
reign sugar, the produce of slave labour, and refined here in
bond. All the other colonies, not sugar-producing colonies,
are supplied from England. We compel our other colonies to
take sugar from us. The refined sugar is all, I believe, from
this country. Those colonies confine themselves to use sugar
from this country. They have no means of getting refined
sugar, unless it be smuggled from the United States.
Sugar is allowed to be imported from the sugar-producing
colonies to our other colonies, but the difference of price be •
tween colonial and foreign sugar being more than 100 per
cent. they come here, and consequently vurchase foreign re-
fined in bond. The produce of slave labour being cheaper,
the sugar refiners who have been with me on the subject,
have stated that it is all slave-labour sugar that is refined to go
to the colonies. That sugar goes to the West India Islands,
wh( ra slavery is abolished, and to the North American colo-
nies, and to our colonies generally. It has always been the
practice to supply the American colonies with sugar refined in
bond in this country, but not with foreign sugar refined in
bond until the last few years.

We see by the financial papers published by the
House of Commons, that the quantity of sugar
exported in 1839 was equal to 573,388 cwts. of raw
sugar, and of that, the whole which was not foreign,
and therefore was slave-grown, amounted only to
10,470 cwts. Of that foreign and slave-grown
sugar so exported, not less than 92,004 cwts.
went to our own possessions, and was consumed
there at less than half the price whicli our people
are allowed to consume sugar which is the pro-
duce of those possessions. No less than 14,252
cwts. were exported to the West Indies, and in
addition to that 333 cwts. were actually exported
L•ont Ireland to the West Indies. The planters
and the emancipated blacks, the colonists of New-

foundland and Canada, may consume slave-grown
sugar, but the people of England, who are sup-
posed to have more money than they know how
to spend, must not.
The worthy West Indians would send to
England, of which market they have a mo-
nopoly, every particle of sugar they can
make or smuggle (for we believe it is by
no means uncommon for them to smuggle
sugar from Cuba, and ship it to Eng-
and:as :of their own growth); they them-
selves use only slave-grown refined sugar,
and they actually petition to prevent the people
of England from obtaining any portion of the
same commodity. All the planters—the GRANTS
and the GLADSTONES-will support the prayer of
that petition, and will continue to tax, if they be
allowed, the people of England, on the pretext
of discouraging the use of slave-grown produce.
If they can possibly hope to succeed, how they
laugh at the prodigious gullibility of the
the people.

The principle laid down in Lard SA NDON'S re-
solution, and on which the Antigua people ask us
to act, cannot be carried out. It is impossible to
distinguish between slave-grown commodities
and others. Our own factory children are
the most wretched of slaves. The working
classes of England are far worse off than
the negroes of the West Indies. Cotton,
tobacco, coffee, &c., are slave-grown products,
which we must and do admit. Nor is it possible
to make the political condition of any foreign
people, or their political principles, the basis of
our taxation. No such absurd principle can be
acted on by any Legislature ; yet on that absurd
principle, as illilstrated by the Antigua petition
and the Antigua practice, the Tories are to resist
the reduction of the discriminating duty on suga r.

The Tories having little or nothing reasonable
to say against the proposed alterations in the
bread tax, the sugar tax, and the timber tax,
furiously assail the Ministers on account of the
time and mode in which they make the proposi-
tions. Let us say a few words on each branch
of these objections.

First as to the time. It is said, " Oh, if you
contemplated making an alteration of the Corn-
laws you should have mentioned it in the QUEEN'S
speech, and you only do it now because you are
defeated on the Irish franchise question, and
care not how much trouble you prepare for your
successors." Aye, there's the rub. The Corn-
laws cannot be stigmatized by the Government
without making it a very troublesome question
for those Ministers who insist on governing ex-
clusively in behalf of the landocracy and the
priesthood. How the proposed measures may
affect the country is not for a moment considered
by the Tories; how they may affect themselves
is a pinching subject. They cry out bitterly be-
cause they are hurt, and we feel as much plea-
sure at their wailings as ever a mother felt at the
smiles and caresses of her first-born child.

But we shall grapple closer with the objection.
The Ministers had not made up their minds on
the opening of Parliament to meddle with the
Corn-laws. Their whole conduct and all their
opinions prove their unwillingness to entertain
the question. We give them no applause for
that, but it is a truth. They supported the bread
tax in its present shape as long as possible. They
engaged in the plan to change it at length most
reluctantly, and after the most overwhelming
evidence had been brought before them that it
was impossible to maintain the revenue and the
Corn-laws.

Last year they laid on an addition to all the
taxes. What was the result? The revenue was
three millions less than it ought to be. Accord-
ing to Mr. WILSON the new taxes yielded only
97,270/. According to Mr.VILLIEEs they yielded
530,0001.; and, according to Mr. HUME, they
caused a decrease of 300,000/. The Ministerial
scheme, then, was a complete failure. How
were they to make up the revenue ?
Even if they had chosen to embrace the alter-

native of imposing direct taxes, there was no
chance that they could have carried them in oppo-
sition to the landowners. Diminish the expendi-
ture to any great extent they would not, for the
bulk of the empire was demanding more navy,
more army, more priests, more commissioners,
more laws, more interference, more Government
We do not exonerate them from having unneces-
sarily expended the public resources. As Mr.
HUME said, having advocated economy, we have
a right to complain of extravagance; but only a
small section required frugality, and the great
majority of the nation demanded, and the majo-
rity of the representatives eagerly voted, a mag-
nificent expenditure.

It has been at length found in the months of
March and April of the present year, that the
revenue lagged most materially behind the ex-
penditure, and that it was impossible for the in-
dustry of the nation to answer all the demands
made on it by the State, by the landowners, by
the sugar planters, by the shipowners, and by
the whole brood of what are called protected
classes, who live nominally on trade or agricul-
ture, but really on taxes wrung from the half-
starved people. This is the exigency which has
forced the Ministers most reluctantly to endea-
vour to improve the revenue, by removing the
shackles from industry. They are bound to look
to the State, and acting according to their duty,
they prefer the State taxes to the landlord's and
the planter's taxes.

" But why," say the Tories, " did they not
know all these things before, ascertain the
difficulty in which the State was placed in the
month of January when Parliament was opened,
and announce it in the QUEEN'S Speech, as well
as the intention to get over it by abating the pro-
tecting duties." The CHANCELLOR of the Ex-
CHEQUER has given the answer. It is not yet a
twelvemonth since the additional taxes were im-
posed, and only nine months of the financial year
had elapsed on the opening of Parliament. In
the first half of the year, according to the CHAN-
CELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, the new taxes had
more than answered his expectations. The great
deficiency occurred in the last six months. It
was only partially known in January, and fully
ascertained at the beginning of April. The CHAN-
CELLOR and the other Ministers might hope, in
January, having seen at times the great elasticity
in the resources of the country, that the revenue
would recover before the termination of the next
quarter; but it did not, and while their ignorance
and their hopes naturally kept them silent on the
subject in January, their full knowledge, and
their thorough conviction, compelled them to
speak when they brought forward the Budget.

To us these cireumstances seem to afford a full
and complete explanation why they did not men-
tion the Corn-laws in the QUEEN'S Speech, and
why they did on the 30th of April. We have
long known the ruinous effects of the Corn-laws.
The Ministers, unwilling to believe, only became
convinced when the starved people, obliged to
pay the landlord's tax before they could eat,
were unable to pay the taxes of the State, which
are humanely levied, comparatively, at least, on
something more of a luxury than the staff of lite.
A great outcry, however, is made about the
propositions being submitted to Parliament on
the heels of a defeat. But the day for bring-
ing on the Budget was appointed before the holi-
days. It was by no contrivance of the Ministers
that they were defeated on the !9th, as the
CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER had to make
his explanation on the 30th. He persevered in
bringing it forward on the day appointed; if it
had been postponed for a week,. the Tories might
have well said that the propositions of the
Budget were the offspring of disappointment.
Those circumstances exculpate the Ministers
from the charge made by the Tories.
But then it is said, and this relates to the
mode, " W by mention the Corn-laws in conjunc-
tion with revenue V' Why, indeed; because these
law:: are the pivot on which the whole prospe-
lit), of the nation, including the revenue, turns.
They explains why there is so great a deficiency,
why the Customs and Excise are unproductive,

and why it is impossible to add to the taxes on
con.3umption. To bring forward a Budget with-
out mentioning the Corn-law, is omitting the
part of HAMLET from the play. The alteration
in diem was looked to as a source of fresh life in
all the departments of the revenue, indepen-
dently of the sum expected to be directly derived
from the alteration. In those circumstances
we see an explanation of the conduct of Minis-
ters in making their propositions in the mode
and at the time they made them. The fierce
attack of the Tories is only a proof that they
have been deeply wounded by the blow : it re-
mains for the people to complete the work, and
make the Tory wounds terminate in mortification
and death.

The Paris Journals of Monday have all been
received. They are filled with accounts of the
celebration of the KING'S fete and the Christen-
ing of the Count de PARIS, of which ample de-
tails will be found in another part of The Sun.
The infant Count, who is just two years and eight
months old, performed his part in the ceremo-
nies with great good humour. Though there
were three Cardinals present at the baptism, the
Royal neophyte did not, like Madame JUNOT'S
daughter, take a fancy to the head-gear of any
of them. He contented himself with affection
ately kissing his nurse two or three times, to the
edification of sundry husbands, wives, and
lovers who were watching his every move-
ment. Kissing will, therefore, be fashion-
able in Paris this summer. When the
sword was presented the Count said to
the Municipality " Merci," (thank you) a
" maiden speech which," says the Moniteur,
" deeply affected the Metropolitan Municipals."
We do not wonder at it. The Parisian Munici_
pals are a tender-hearted race, and a monosylla-
bic speech so very full of pathos, must have
touched them deeply. The Moniteur should
have told us that all present were dissolved in
tears at such a rare instance of Royal precocity of
intellect. The Prefect of Police of course
swooned away, and required the attendance of
the Court physician, although the Moniteur says
nothing about it. The Parisians are above me-
diocrity in comedy, but in farce they are un-
rivaled. Their travesties of sentiment are the
most laughable things in the world. Take as an
instance the following extract, from the address
of the Municipality of Paris, read to the KING
by the Count DE RAMBETEAU, Prefect of the
Seine :

What a grand bpeciaele in that cathedral ! The King, the
chief of a dynasty, who has saved his country from so many
evils, and has done it so much good; the fine tamily, in which
every virtue is taught and transmitted by example ; the
Prince, on whose brow valour sits radiant over precocious
sagacity ; the young mother, whose noble, penetrating, and
gracious looks reveal the destiny for which Providence has
gifted her ; the Royal infant, bending his young head under
celestial grace :—all this, Sire, was holy and beautiful ! It will
be easy for him to be just and strong. Happy infant, whose
career will have been smoothed by so much wisdom, and who
will find so near to him powerful and noble lessons of instruc-
tion ! Sire, deign to permit the Comte de Paris to accept the
sword of the city of Paris, and may this souvenir ever be a
pledge of union between the Prince and the city !
A sword a pledge of union ! A pair of tailor's
scissors a pledge of the indivisibility of broad-
cloth ! And then the picture of the Duke of
ORLEANS, with " Valour sitting radiant over
precocious intellect on his brow !" So the radi-
ance of valour outshines intellect in the heir-
apparent. The Duchess too, " whose noble,
penetrating, and gracious looks" proclaim her
" every inch a Queen," is complimented, not for
her virtues but her air of dignity. The " bend-
ing of the youpg head under celestial grace" is
one of those flowers of rhetoric which could only
bloom in France. How a really sensible man
like Louts PHILIPPE could have listened to such
servile twaddle without laughing in the face of
the deputation, is only to be accounted for by his
proficiency in King-craft. The Prefect of the
Seine might study the words of FENELON and
Boss urr with advantage.

The Opposition Journals are angry with the
KING for concealing his route to the Cathedral,
and for going in a carriage only drawn by two
horses. These Journals ought to be aware that

there is no human being without some wealness,
and that among those of the KING must be
clissed his extreme dislike of being shot at by
his loving subjects. Though sometimes reason-
proof, his MAJESTY is not bullet-proof, and there-
fore he objects to the Parisian practice of mak-
ing a target of him on all great State occasions.
Nor do we blame the KING for exercising due
precaution when he makes his appearance in
public. Thq war-faction has shown itself capa-
ble of attempting murder on a scale less limited
than the theatre of Europe. Nor were the dis-
contented altogether idle on Saturday and. Sun-
day, as appears from the following extract from
the Debatg of Monday :
The factious, with that fatal sagacity which never fails them,
were perfectly aware of the advantage -to he' -derived at the
approach of so important a popular movement, from the melan-
choly success which they had recently obtained in the presence
of justice for a moment blind and impotent. A profusion of
copies of this deplorable trial was distributed amongst the peo-
ple ; they were thrown by thousands into the reading-rooms,
coffee-houses, and shops of the metropolis. It was expected at
least to irritate the people's minds, if they were not able to ex-
cite them to acts of violence.
" such was the calculation of the factious. The event has
proved that it is false. The factious had calculated without
eonsi :ering the good sense of the people, who repelled all their
insinuations, and treated their calumnies with more justice
than the Jurors themselves.

There was no shooting, however, because the
KING, being the only object upon which a Pari-
sian mob spends powder and shot, was not visible.

Our readers know that the new constitution adopted by the
great Council of Lucerne must be approved by the Com-
mercial Assemblies of that canton on the Ist of May.
The Heretic, of the 30th of April, has the following remarks
on the subject :
" The accounts which we receive this morning from that
canton are favourable to the liberal cause. As the day ap-
proaches which is fixed for the people to vote on the fate of the
new constitution deserters become more considerable in the
rank., of the Constituante, so that we are almost obliged to
doubt whether ultramontane aristocracy or liberalism will
triumph in the great struggle that will take place on this oc-
casion.

The Eidgenosse, of Lucerne, says that the new charter will
not obtain any vote in the valley called Surenthal, it is pro-
nounced, says the same journal, that it will be also rejected in
the whole of the Wiggerthal, and in several communes in the
district of Willisau, and at Eschenback, Munster, &c.
This sudden revolution in the minds of part of the people
has arisen because the ultramontane aristocrats have not kept
fair premises when they set about the work of revising the
Constitution. They have betrayed here and there a tendency
to reaction by relieving the convents from the principal bur-
dens by requiring the payment of a certain amount of taxes as
a qualification for admission to the discussion in the Com-
munes, and by neglecting to lighten the burdens of the payers
of tithes.—Le Commerce.
PA Ras, MA Y 2.—The Duke of Orleans has transmitted to the
Archbishop 10,000 francs, to be distributed among the parents of
poor children who shall be brought for baptism to-dly, tomor-
row, and the day after, in the several parishes of Paris.—Le
Constitutionnel.
BOURSE.—PARIS, FRIDAY, MAY 3.
-

first Highest Lowest Last
Price Price. Pricy. Price
Fre ch 5 per Cents ll3 75 ... 113 75 ... 113 65 ... 113 70
4 per Cents 99 20 ... 99 20 ... 99 20 .. 99 20
3 per Cents 79 40 —. %9 45 ... 79 35 ... 19 30
dank of ',ranee .... .......
tseigian Rank
1841....
5 per Cents.
New Loan ......
ipanish Active :4% ... 24% ... '..41,4
_... 243„
Passive 5% ... 5% ... 5% ... 5%
Neapolitan
Roman

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