The Sun.
London, England, 1824-10-05 00:00:00

INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT.—(Tuis DAY.)

This morning the Court sat in the Old Exchequer Chamber,
when the following cases, against whom no opposition was
entered, were disposed of. The undermentioned were ordered
to be discharged forthwith, viz. : —Ambrose Coleman, of Beck.
ford.row, Walworth, oilman ; Geo Hanbury, Charlton-street,
Snmcrstown, grocer; Jas. Eastman,. of Itatersea, carpenter;
Francis Honnor, of Janies'a-street, Covent-garden, fruiterer.
William Warren, late of Richmond-street, old yeoman to the
Sherif& of London, was declared out of custody, and erased
from the cause paper.
The following were discharged, their cases having been ad-
journed from previous sittings, viz.:--John Richardson, Jame*
Allison.
In the case of Stnirc Dukes, who had been repeatedly before
the Court and examined, but remanded for defective service,
was ordered to be struck out for non-attendance.

SUICIDE PREVENTED.--A poor French cobler
having determined to commit suicide, to make his final elcit
,more
lllioeri:ltct,ire,
llreiLaanirliet7lsf
latohsgetr,teoaalntiod:rivnetge:inulelpincriarssialfitidoi
.na:ad_rerrittlitiatnyurgt—ed
Having written this he was about to cut his throat, when and.
dimly he stopped, and said to hitnself--" Hut is it 111oliere who
says so 1 must make sure of this, else I shall be laughed AC*
He opened Moliere, read through a few comedies,
merrily to shoe-mending.
NIETEOII. AND EARTHQUAKE,.-.A traveller, who
happened during the nights of the llth and 12th of August to
be upon the Alps, reports that he saw A globe of fire which
lighted the atmosphere for three minutes; and about the same
time the shocks of an earthquake were felt in several parts of

gIIAKING lIANDS.--Ata lute duel in Ken-
tucky, the parties discharged their pistols without effect ;
whereupon one of the seconds interfered, and pro Posed that
the combatants should shake hands. To this the other second
objected as unnecessary, " for," said he, " their hands have
been shaking this half kour."

Csionsuso rosT4
The appointment of an Ambassador to the
Court of Lisbon of the high diplomatic rank with
which. Sir A'Court is now invested,
musty according to etiquette, be taken as a proof
that the most friendly relations subsist be-
tween the two Governments at this moment.
Such a fart appears of the greater importance
when it is recollected that for some time past
our Cabinet has zealously interested itself both
in the arrangement of the internal affairs of Por-
toga! and of the difference which have so unfor-
tunately prevailed between that Kingdom and the
Brazils. Without saying, therefore, that upon,
every point involved in those two intricate ques-
tions the wishes of Ministers have as yet been
consuerimated, it is reasonable to presume that
the Portuguese Government has 'manifested a
sincere disposition to concur in the views of this
country. %Vith respect to Portugal itself, those
views must in a great measure be confined to the
maintenance of tranquillity and established insti-
tutions ; but with respect to 'the Brazils, we may
ass''rtl perhaps, that our influence has been
amicably employed to a more momentous extent.
lt will be borne in mind, that the Earl of Liver-
pool has repeatedly declared in Parliament,' that
during the struggle between Spain and her Trans-
Atlantic possessions, the friendly offices of this
Government were frequently tendered to the
Court of Madrid ; first, in the hope Of retaining
South America a Spanish dependency ; and next,
when that became hopeless,of rendering it a sort of
independent, yet attached scion of the Parent.
Nation. The same principles and policy which
dictated these propoSitions have of late, been np.
plicable to the state of affairs between Portugal
and the Brazils, and there is every ground to sup-
pose:that this application of them has been made,
and :we are inclined to think with very flattering
success, so far as the Government of his Most
"-Faiihful Majesty is concerned. The situation of
the Brazils certainly affords facilities for an adjust-
ment, ()fits relations with the Mother Country,
which none of the Trans-Marine Colonies of Spain
present ed, and which may be deemed as fortunate
as pecnliar. A Member of,the House of
.Braganza,
and indeed the heir to the throne of Portugal, is
the acknowledged head of the Brazilian State, so
that, hnwei,er its ;independence might be recog
nized, the Governments of the two countries
would Ant' retrain connected. To secure the
pertean'ent alliance of a nation thus circum-
stanced, by admitting its independence, which,
whether admitted or not, was established defacto,
couhl be no great stretch of concession on the
part' of Portugal, at the same time that it con-
ferred advantages iipen both parties, otherwise
unattainable. What the precise terms of such
an arrangement may or ought to he, we shall not
attempt to detail. But this much we may say,
that we trust the Brazilians will oppose no se-
Timis obstacle to the fulfilment of so desirable
project, and that the wise and benevolent inter-
ference of out Cabinet shall thus be crowned
with the acknowledged freedom and lasting-peace
of both Portugal anti the Brazils.

[THE TIMES.]
A report has been current for some days in the
city, that a Spanish expedition, consisting of two
frigates, with transports sufficient to carry 2,0(X)
troops, was getting up at the port of Ferrol,
destined, in the first instance, for Iltivannah, and
ultimately Mexico. We refrained from noticing
the report, not believing a tittle of the intelli-
gence communicated ; and the letters received
yesterday from Cnrun►ra by the Spanish mail
fully confirm us inthat unbelief. The true state
of the case is, that the port of Ferrol, which lies.
opposste•to Corunna, about ten miles' distant, can-
not at present boast of the possession of any
vessel of that:Class ; that the whole province of
Galicia; we might say, the whole kingdom of
Spain, can►ot furnish the, troops necessary for
such an expedition ; and that if these slight dif-
ficulties, were overcome, there is not to be found
in the Treasury at Madrid a single maravedi to•
wards'their pay and equipment.

We have received the Argos, Buenos Ayres.
PP", from the MI) of June to the 4th of July
incluske. The number of the 30th of June con-
tains the official doeurnents published at Cuzco
by the Royalist General Serna, dated on the
6th,,llth, and 21st of March, relating to his re-
signation of the command of the Spanish army in
Peru, and which have already appeared in the
English papers. We only mention them nowito
show how very imperfect the mewls of communi-
cation are between 'Buenos Ayres and Upper
Peru, ,since an event of so much importance has
been more than three months in finding its way
thitheT. There is no accounting for the delay,
but important to bear the fact in mind,
as an argument has been founded on it to dis-
prelie, some, material occurrences in that guar-
tei,,favourable to the independent cause, and
communicated by way or Panama, but which the
silence by way of 'Buenos Ayres is considered
to render doubtful, if not entirely to overthrow.
It is now clear that all such inferences are'
fallacious. A letter had been received at Buenos
Ayres from General Miller, of the Colombian
army, who was at Arica, stating it as an accre-
dited rumour in that part of Peru, that subse-
quently to the publication of the official docu-
meats by La Serna, dispatches had been received
front Ferdinand, declaring La Sernn, and all the
officers tinder his command, as known Constitu-
tionalists, to 'be traitors to the nation, an 4 ap-
pointing Olaneta Viceroy over the whole of
Peru. Accounts bud been received nt Buenos
Ayres from Chile, by which it
-- is ascertained that
tin expedition of Gen. Frey re against Chiloe had
not limed so disastrotp. as at first represented.
Ws loss in the whole did not. exceed 400 men,
and he bad arrived safely with the remainder itt,
Talentlitano, w the proYinee of Conception. Bad
his return been delayed; it, is prebabia.the whole
would have perished, as a violent Storm occurred
four days afterwards, in which it would' !mee been
impossible for his vessels to hove lived. The ar.

[stottNl,!D HERALD.]
There arc strong appearances of another storm
gathering over the unhappy kingdom of Spain.---
The elements of iii explosion seem fast forming
they are not already formed. If the acts.
and words of the Government and the Police be
good authority, they afford unequivocal evidence
of suspicion and error. This dread is principally
inspired by the Freemasons, which. we believe
comprehends all the secret Associations and
Constitutionalists of whatever party or designa-
nation. The capital is almost gutted of its most
useful inhabitants. The law at first framed, di-
recting the expulsion of all who had aided or
followed the Constitutional Government to Se-
ville and Cadiz, would, it was found, reduce the
poptilation of Madrid to about 2000. This would
have been gutting the city, and accordingly its
operation was limited to notorious .partisans of
the Constitution. The Minister' of . Police
has addressed to the persons employed in
his. departrrient a circular, containing instruc-
tions and denunciations so horrible, that they
look more like the charges of the Eastern
Savage of the Mountain, called the Prince of the
Asiassins, and from whom one of the most
heinous of crimes derives its name, than the in-
structions-of a civilized or social being. The
spirit of the Inquisition breathes through every
line of it. 44 Let," he says, 46 him who serves
under my orders, and does not act in my spirit,
tremble and shudder with horror." Now, let us
see !what the spirit is of this worthy Minister
of .Police--" to aid and protect, with all
our 'force, the loyal defenders of the Sove-
reign—search out his enemies on all sides
—follow them in their hiding place to utter
destruction." Ile (the:employe of the police)
who deviates in thb slightest from this
order is told that thunder and the sword of ven-
geance hang over his head. Accordingly the vile
rabble of fools and fanatics commit dreadful
excesses with impunity, and the peaceful have no
protection but in the presence of a foreign enemy.
Constitutional bands were actually' traversing
Cuenca and ha Mancha; and some seven or eight
prisoners taken from them. were executed at Ma-
drid. The confusion has been rendered still
more dreadful by the failure of M. Bermudez to
raise cash in Paris or London. It is stated that
Mr. R. Rothschild, of London, put a veto on any
loan, unless the Constitutional loan.were adopted
both in Fiance and Englund--a mere pretext for
breaking off the negociation.

[MORNING CHRONICLE.]
We refer our readers to a Letter from Madrid,
with an extract from the Madrid G melte• sub-
joined, being an article written with a view to
prove that it. would be the interest of all nations,
instead of trading directly with South America,
to trade indirectly through Spain. The .nr-
guntenfs of the Gazetteer are curious enough,
and afford a pretty unequivocal proof of
the sort of wisdom which the descendant
of St. Louis has placed at the • head of
affairs in Spain. That such absurdities should
be gravely uttered in a Court Gazette, the,organ
of the Government, is certainly not 'a little asto-
nishing. Turkey is really superior to Spain, as
regenerated by the French. And yet, to the
disgrace of the Press. of Englund, the authors'of
till this calamity, the French Bourbons, and the
vile ftiction of Ultras'and Priests which support-
ed theta, 'could not be more tenderly treated, if
they had been, instead of the scourge of Spain,
(he benefactors of the people of that country I
" Mann fig PT. 11, 1024.-1 now hand you the Madrid
Gimette of this day, containing an article' though not marked
efcio/, I consider it as coming directly from the Government,
nothing whatever being allowed to find its way into that Paper
but what has the previous' sanction of the Minister of the day.
The paper in queition, you will obserVe, begins by charging
foreign Governments and Societies with the rebellion in South
America, as well us its continuance. A lesson is here read to
them on South American trade, in which our writer says they will
never do otheraise than lose money, and advises them to leave it
off: Sonia perstnis here think that this admonition will be won
followed by a broad hint in the shape of' a Royal Decree, re.
yoking the Decree issued the beginning of the year, granting a
free trade to all the world with the King's dominions in Ame-
riea. This last mentioned Decree was procured at the instance
and intrigues of France; and the Paris Ministers boasted not a
lade of their dexterity in producing this piece of public decep-
tion to counteract, and make odious in the eyes of legitimacy,
the steps then taking by England as unnecessary, which steps
had the appearance of advancing towards a recognition of South
American Indepetidence The French had no small difficulty
in succeeding even in so plain a matter as the printing of one
Decree, which at any time could be done away by another.
Now that we have the happy prospect of subtitling the Ameri-
cans, we shall wait little inure success, and make your ad-
venturers stay at home. All the misfortunes that have befallen
Spain for the 44 50 years sprung front England—the Consti-
: union was hatched in England, as well as the military revolt
of the year 20—and, above all, the insurrections and inde-
pendence of South America have been set signing and sup-
ported by your British merchants. The present fermented
state of the entire country, where.no one, is safe in his house,
all conic from your perverseness and opposition to Legitimacy.
Were it not for the -kind and protecting hand extended over us
by France, we should be an unhappy people."
LEXTECT FROM TIRE GAZETTE OF' THE llTrr Ow SEPT.
AISOVII AT,LUDED TO.
. IMPORTANT NOTICE TO FOItEIGNERS.
" It cannot escape any politician, that the desire of foreigners
in trading directly with Spanish America, from the belief that
they can thereby derive greater share of produce from it, is the
principal cause of their maintaining and fomenting the insur-
rections of that part of the world by all the means in their
power. This notion, which has no doubt found a place on
all the Thrones of Cabinets and Foreign Societies, I con-
ceive may be refuted by a practical and impartial demonstra-
tion. In the state in which the Americans were, and under
the Legislation which ruled them before their revolutions,
Foreigners carried oft' the two-thirds of their produce in re-
turn for the merchendiie imported into the authorized Ports
of the Peninsula, and which were immediately exported by
the Spaniards to America; and this ingress was the more
secure and favourable to them, as they obtained it with
certain gain, and with much less risk and delay. The Spa-
' niards, in tact, were merely administrators for Foreigners,
and the circumstance of their wanting the necessary menu:.
factures for the consumption of America, placed them in
this microns necessity. bet these same nations contrast the
amount of this indirect traffic with. that which they .actually
carry on directly, and with the greater falling off which
they must successively expect, either 'rpm these countries re-
maining in their present state of' anarchy or should they consti-
tute theniselves solidly, from their attending to their interests,
and prohibiting the importations which are prejudicial to
them, and they will see 'that the result will be an enormous
deficiency, which can alone be made up by supporting
the system- of integrity. and . the slam quo. Perhaps they
will allege tins great gains . which at cerWn periods have
been derived from the American trade. But from what-
& they proceed ? lont the exclusive 'laws, which _were the
cause, that in case of war wlth..any,maritime astioN the risks
were so great as to diminish the importations into America',
and hence the rise in the price of the necessary articles. But
in case of emancipation, and all nations competing freely, can
such a sudden rise happen ? and admitting this competition,

Would not all manufactures sink to the very lowest prices,
from the want of the level which constitutes the essence of
mercantile calculation ? Foreigners are secure as to: the
sale of their manfactures in Spain with certain gains, -little
risk, and much less delay,'and this' is what most assuredly
suits them in every respect. As it has been proposed to re-
consider the affair of America, it will be seen whether it is
necessary to take into consideration these reflections, and
others of a similar kind, in order to combat the many enemies
which badly understood interests have stirred up against Spain
in path."
EXTRACT QV A LETRER moat MADRID, DATED SEPT. 12.
"Arhongst the prisoners taken in the late affair at Almeria,
were a citizen of the United States of America, and 2 British
subjects. The American Consul interfered in favour of his
countryman, and succeeded in getting his case referred to
Madrid. The American Minister here demanded, that the
misguided man be tried according to the law of nations; and if
found guilty, there could be nothing said against' justice being
executed on him. • The amiwer.was immediate--a free pardon
froni the King, on condition that the man be sent out Of the
country. The two Englishmen were exeCuted, and for precisely
the same crime and meitiiire*of offence committed by the Ame-
rican ; for they were token in the same act, and together at the
same moment. I have not been able to learn whether any at-
tempt was made to intercede for the unfortunate Englishmen."

[MUM SIE PRESS.]
By the arrival of the Commodore Hayes, we
have received a Calcutta Price Current of the Bth
April, which is the latest that can have reached
this country, as that vessel left the river on the
day following. From this .Paper it appears,
that commercial matters are much .the. same at
Calcutta as they have heels for some time past.—
Exchange with this country about ,c 4. per rupee,
and at something like this rate it must continue,
so, long as the. imports from Europe so far exceed
the. returns. Indigo 'is still IoW from their hot
having heard, up to that date, of the great rise
which took place on that commodity in this
country in the early part of the year. As it
stands at present, it can be the only return
which will at this time make any thing like a
fair remittance: We quote the following :
" bunco—The demand for this was steady during the
week, and sales to a considerable extent have been efficted,
principally .in small parcels, for itinnediate shipment.
" COTTON—We have heard of no transactions in this since
our last; none of the new crop has yet arrived.
" G RAlN—lies been in active demand during the past week;
Moongy and Ballum Rice and Patna Grain have risen about
one anna per maund. T
" PIECE. Goons--Tie market continues very quiet; our
quotations are almost noihinal.
" SALTPETRE—DuII, at our quotations.
" BuGAR—In moderate demand.

" IVlErALs—Tutenaguc and Speller, steady, at our quota-
tioni ; Block Tin, looking up ; Tin 'Plates, Pig and Sheet
Lead, also on the advance; Iron, steady; Copper, in general,
dull, except light sheathing, which is a good deal, inquired
after ; Steel, very dull. •
" FREIGHT TO LONDON--May be stated at 61. to 91., and
a difficulty in getting tonnage."
•

An audacious demand made. by the .Austrian
Government has been resisted by the Council of
Basle. Two of the professors in the university of
that city, who are, it appears, natives of Ger-
many, bud incurred the displeasure of the Em-
peror Francis. lie required that they should be
given up to hi 3 vengeance ; but the Swiss are not
so wholly base us their oppressors supposed. The
Council offered to try the professors according to
the la wtt of Basle, for the offences imputed to them.
The Swiis Governments have hitherto submitted
so tamely to all the requisitions of the Holy Alli-
ance for the expulsion of political refugees from
their territory, that it seems to have been expected
by the Emperor
(tut' ts eks
that
lie might
sl rti as%tvlittzatthink i
refusalcaitn wouldnotomake.
twith-
stand
his power ;
igivenntee Indeed any
rn'o'
and in this case we fear the
only benefit likely to result to the professors
will be, an opportunity of •esca'ping. lie cer-
tainly will not suffer them to remain at Basle;
bfeurttt)leir banishmentlieto
their
incarceration from that citytii l
the dungeons
wn h eO -
of
Ohnutz. The Catholic Cantons are beset with
difficulties in their attempts to complete their
ecclesiastical arrangements.—(Mid.)