The Sun.
London, England, 1847-10-29 00:00:00

No. 17,192.] LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING S Ny OCTOBER 29, 347.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE
ASSURANCE SOCIETY.
26, CORNIIILL, LONDON.
Capital £300,000. Empowered by Act of Parliament.
This Institution embraces important and substantial advantages
-wlth respect to life assurances and deferred annuities. The assured
'has, en all occasions, the power to borrow, without expense or for-
feiture of tho policy, two-thirds of the premiums paid (see Table);
also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion of his in-
terests to meet other conveniencies or necessity.
Assurances for terms of years on the lowest possible rates.
DIVISION OW PROFITS.
The increasing prosperity of the Society has enabled the Directors
at the annual meeting held on the 12th May, 1847, to declare a fifth
13,,nus, varying from 35 to 85 per cent. on the premiums paid on each
policy effected on the profit scale.
XAMPLES.

Perma- Sum the
4.4 Annual (Policy Berms in! vent Re- Assured
_Av. ;2, Pre- 'taken addition , Boius in duction of may bor-
. MiURI. out in Assured. Cask. Annual row *a
co w Premiams. Policy.
-,-- - -
£ s. CI £ s 4. £ s. 4. £ s. d.
r 1837 243 9 3112 8 5 18 4 6 494 8 10
1838 218 4 8' 99 8 10 15 13 5 445 0 0
X X
60 1000 74x3 4. d. 1839 192 1 101 86 9 3 13 4 9 395 11 1
I 1840 143 8 10 66 8 4 919 1 346 2 3
1841 136 14 21 61 17 6 9 9 2 296 13 4
1842 111 6 81 49 10 0 710 4 247 4 5

The Annual Report, with tables of rates, &c., may be had at the
?office, or any of its branches in the country ; or, on application. will
too forwarded post free.

F. FERGUSON CAMROITX, Secretary.

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
First Introduction to the Public of TWO LECTURES by Dr.
BAC HHOFFNER—one on the Laws of Nature, applicable to the im-
portant subject of SANITARY MEASURES; the other on the va-
rious modes of ♦ENTILATION, in which the PHYSICAL PRO-
PERTIES of a JET of ;,TEAM will be exhibited, with Novel and
highly Interesting Experiments, daily at Two and Half-past Three
o'clock. These Lectures will be given alternately in the Evenings, at
Eight o'clock, except on Saturdays. The ELECTRIC TELE-
-GRAPHS worked. The WORKING MODELS. explained. An
:entirely New Series of DISSOLVING VIEWS. DIVING BELL and
DIVER. with HYDE'S NEW APPARATUS for CONVERSING
,under WATER, des. &c.

Admission, Is. ; Schools, Half-price.

THE REGISTERED SYRIAN PALETOT,
pursuant to 6 and 7 Vic , cap. 65. _ _

Messrs. SWAIN and CO., in announcing the preparation of this
:garment, desire to have known that it bears no affinity to the ccm-
-mon produce vaunted as built of the " Llama wool ;" a material pos-
sessing no property by reason of which it can be woven to a cloth,
and which is, to every manufacturer in the empire, or of Europe, a
Viing unknown. In securing to their house the entire and exclusive
importation of the costly material from which the SYRIAN CLOTH
is formed, they are enabled to preserve it in its unmixed character ;
maxi to impart its beauty to the garment formed from it, which is of
too select a species to be approached by any other extant, or to be
devised.-379, OXFORD-STREET.

PUBLICA TIO/ s.

Messrs. BLACKWOOD'S MONTHLY P cni ICATION S, for
NOVEMBER.

BLACKWOOD-'S 'AIA.GAZINE.
No. CCCLXXXV. Pr.ice 2s. 6.€1.
CONTENTS,

I. The Navigation of the-AntIpOTeS—II. Ar tunican Copyright--
II E. Evenings at Sea, No. 2, Henry Meynell—lV.. Was Rubens en.
lourist?—P. The American Library—Vl. Unit s, Tens, Hi.inclreds,
Thousands—Vll. Research and Adventure in At tstralia—Vlll. Ma-
gus Muir—lX. A November Morning's Reverie, by Delta,—X. Vale-
dictory Visits at Rome—Xl. Highland Destitutie O.
11.
A LISON'S HISTORY 03 ? EUROPE.
vol. XI. of the New Edition, publishing in arenthly Volumes,
handsomely printed in Crown Bvo. Price 6s.

T II E
ATLAS TO ALISON'S ?EUROPE.
Part VII. Publishing in Monthly Parts, ear At containing Fite
dinburgh, and E
Plates. In Crown 4to, price 2s. 6d., and on Largez paper, to range
with the First Editions of the History, 3s. Gd.
Wiliiant Blackwood and Sons, 45, George-street ;,
37, Paternoster-raw, London. Sold by all Bookser iers.

FRASER'S MAGAZINE for J goirEmBER,
Price 2s. 6d., contains :

The Sanitary Commission, and the Health of the Metropolis.—Re-
cent Poetry: Lyrical and Dramatic.—Lives of Lord Lo vat and Dun-
can Forbes.—The Guerilla.—Hints upon Pils,tory.—Tieck's Vittoria.
Accorombona.—The Old Judge ; or, Life in a Colony. By the
Author of " Sam Slick, the ClockmaY.er." A Pippin ; or, Sheer-
skins and Garters.—The Barrack-yare,.—Rome, 1844.--Aunt Lair,a,s
Room.—A Chapter on the Art of F,ating.—An Adven tare in I►' ick-
low.—Thoughts on Jewish Disabilities. A. Letter fr. om Pre,fessor
Maurice, of King's College.
London : John W. Parker, West Strand.

•••.••• ..0................1
" WHY is a drover's spiked stick lil :e part of
Buckinghamshire ? Because it runs iit4 ;IP, Oxon and
Herts." When it is stated that this is really a poor sp, yeimen of the
jokes in the
NOVEMBER Number of " TUE MAN IN THE licyoN,,,
it is fervently hoped that the City authorities will tap at waive mea-
sures to prevent accidents from the crush •n publist dug day. The
Panic in the City has not affected the price, which rer aajus steady at
Sixpence.

Office, 17, Warwick-lane. '

On November 1,
THE JOURNAL of PUBLIC EALTH and
MONTHLY RECORD of SANITARY I SEPROVEMENT,
published under the sanction of the Health of Tc awns Association,
No. 1., price is , stamped.

London .; Henry Renshaw, 356, Str I.

..._ _ .._
don made.—
1.
gp
.ADIES' GOLD CHAINS, Lot,l
I Drawings of the various new patterns ar
ar-
kept for the
ikth
pose of sending by post to any part of the coon try.---For facility or
sovereigns ; the
reference the weight is given by comparison 15
quality of the gold is warranted equal to any that is worked into
articles of this description.
T. COX SAVORY and Co., Goldsmiths, Ece a., 47, Cornhill (seven
doors from Gracechurch-street). London.

THE BEST REMEDY FOR rarDIGESTION,
NORTON'S CAMOMILE PILLS are confi-
dently recommended as a simrdlo. but certaia remedy, to all
who suffer from Indigestion, Sick Headache, Billicnas and I dyer Com-
plaints ; they act as powerful tonic and gentle aperient, imparting
strength to the stomach, and composure to the nervous sy stem. Sold
in bottles at Is. I ;id., or 2s. 9d. and 11s. each, by A. WiLoughby and
Co., late B. G. Windus, 61, Bishopsgate Without, and !no arly all Me-
dicine Venders.
Be sure to ask for NORTON'S PILLS, and do not 'De persuadedt<
purchase an imitation.

A R R IA G E.
m- One half the world are desolately single y And the ether
supposing them married, questionably contented. Diffidence, or a
sense of right determine the former, and miscalc ttlr Lted hopes em-
bitter the latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea
of caution and worldly prudence, and the indissobal de, regret un-
coliaprosing hurry ; but the truth lies deeper. Phyni cal incapacity,
and broken health, are the great hindrances to dope, estic happiness
and social content. The dowry should not be the or.a y marriage set-
tlement. Honour and justice demand tkat health sb,ot rldform an item
in the compact; it alone dignifies the alliance. .811 gkted hopes or
neglect wound more sorely than poverty or misfortun e. Reader, if
these surmises concern yea, procure Dr. CULVEI. :WELL'S little
MEMOIRS 'On Single and Married Life," pub. In 2 vols., Is.
each (by post, in stamps, Is. 6d. each). Let lie, imaginatively
reined, yr prudish feeling deter you, by their title: I, nor be hindere4
by misinterpretation of their supposed contents,, from obtaining
them. They are not intended certainly for mere i He curiosity, but
for the closet perusal of those more deeply int (rested, to
whom
they are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on
the above subjects, by unqualified authors, -which alone or
together, are a disgrace to the age. Furth, !lame, two other
little publications claim your attention (sap se prise Is. each,
by post Is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and
Avoid," and " How to be Happy-" They are not merely
pamphlets, but equal in quantity a library volunne, nor are they the
mere ephemeral scribblings of the hour, but the sta. dy of the author's
life, who owes his present existence, health,, and position to this ob-
servance of the maxims he would inculcate —ta 'do unto others as he
would be done unto—to live after nature's laws. —and to keep always
-
on the "sunny side of the way." The abcryle 'works may be had of
3S9h,ecrwornhoodill, 2;3,NPaiasteornfr
45st7e,r-lryort;sCtraranvdal;ho,
Fleet street ; Mann,
r wise) from the author (who may be r direct (by post or other-
mornings and evenings), JO, Arg9ll-Ple Joaferred with personally,
ksellers.
eta Regent-street; and all
Nro

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.
LISBON, OCT. 22.—The Howe, 120, Captain Sir
James Stirling, has just anchored off Belem Castle.
The whole of Sir Charles Napier's squadron was
under way to receive the Queen Dowagor, who was
on board. The ships were formed into tw,, lines off
Belem, when the Howe passed througla them, the
ships and castles saluting the Royal standard, which
was flying from her main.

The- 11-owe will proceed with the lQueen Dowager
to Madeira on the 26th.
Mr. Biddlecombe, Master of thes flag-ship St. Vin-
cent, was selected to pilot the Howe into the Tagus,
and will take her out again whe n she leaves for Ma-
deira. This officer has been o,Lieutenant Commanderl4tside the last week in
the Jackal iron steam-vessel,
Western, surveying the entrance to the Tagus.
The Vixen arrived three days since from England,
with. the Duke of Palmella and suite and Mr. Percy
Doyle, the new Minister to Mexico.
PORTSMOUTII,THURSDAT.—Arrangements were this
day made in this dockyard, following out the plans
of Colonel Jebb, the Surveyor-Gerierallof Pri-
sons, for the separation of the convicts from the free
labourers in the establishment in future. Conse-
quently their working sheds, and, other matters con-
nected with their work, have been removed to situa-
tions where no communion can 'take place. In future
they will labour entirely separate from the respect-
able artisans of the yard.
A quantity of stores was put on board the Amphion
this morning by the Echo steamer, and at eleven
o'clock A.M. that ship weighed anchor, and proceeded
round the Knab light, under steam only. As this was
the first time the Portsmouth people had seen her under
steam, considerable interest was manifested, and her
progress narrowly watched. On her first starting she
appeared to make very slow progress, but she soon
gathered way, and appeared to round the light vessel
in a comparatively short time. But on turning to
proceed westward her speed apparently slackened, and
as long as she was in view she progressed at a slow
pace. The cause of this seemingly anomalous move-
ment was the tide, which was strong flood, and ac-
celerated her speed as far as the Knab, while it
equally retarded it afterwards. The weather was
eminently favourable for her, the wind being exceed-
ingly light, and the water, in consequence, as smooth
as a mill-pond.
The Hecate steam-sloop, Commander Moorman,
anchored at Spithead this afternoon. She will remain
here but a very short time after receiving " advance,"
which will most likely be paidher crew to-morrow. We
drop this hint for the benefit of all who may have
letters, &c., to send out to Sir Charles Napier's fleet,
for she goes direct to the Tagus with supernumeraries
and dispatches.
The Myrmidon iron steam- vessel, Lieutenant-
Commander Roberts, was removed from the basin
to. day and the Lightning taken in.
Wind S.W. by W., light breezes; weather cloudy
with drizzling fine rain, 5 P.M.
WOOLWICH, OCT. 28.—The African steam- vessel
arrived at Woolwich to-day with boys from the flag-
ship at Sheerness, to serve in the Blazer steam-vessel,
commissioned here by Commander Smith.
The Speedwell, formerly tender to the Blazer, has
been commissioned to serve independent of the latter
vessel, and left Woolwich yesterday for Harwich,
under the command of Edward K. Calver, formerly
master to the Blazer.

The Fisgard, 42 guns, Commodore Sir Gordon
Bremer, K.C.B. and K.O H., has been taken out of
dock and into the basin, and her bulwarks have been
taken down that the vessel may be thoroughly cleansed
after returning from a foreign station.
The Justitia convict ship is to be moored about 100
yards further up the river than her present station,
opposite the Royal Arsenal, to place her in a safer
position than she is at present, owing to her proximity
to the butt in the Royal Arsenal, where the testing
of guns takes place. A channel is to be cut on the
river side to allow of her removal without her being
taken into the middle of the river.

SUICIDE OF A CITY MERCHANT.—Yesterday Mr.
Payne, the coroner for the city of London, received in-
formation of the death of John Henry Deffell, Esq.,
who committed suicide under the following extraordi-
nary circumstances : The deceased gentleman, who
was in the 70th year of his age, was a merchant, and had
offices in Billiter court, City, whilst his residence was
in Upper Harley-street. He had recently, from some
unaccountable cause, been exceedingly despondent, and
between ten and eleven o'clock ho left home yesterday
morning to go to his chambers, and when he arrived in
Whitecross-street he entered a chemist's shop, and asked
in Latin for some prussic acid, giving his name as Dr.
Bendel]. Tho shopman, not having the slightest sus-
picion, from the rational and plausible manner of the
question, immediately got down from the shelf the
prussic acid bottle, which the deceased seized directly
and drank off a quantity. An alarm was raised, and
the parties in the shop tried to secure him, but he
managed to run out as far as 108, Fore-street (a baker's
shop), where a surgeon was called in, and the unfortu-
nate gentleman removed to the Cripplegate Dispensary.
Every effort was made to expel the poison, but the de-
ceased expired in a few minutes.
The Journal du Havrc publishes a report from
Captain Brisson, commanding the French trader the
Sultan, complaining that his vessel was illegally de-
famed for twenty-five days before Vera Cruz by
American cruisers, and his crew ill-treated.

MEETING OF PARLIAMENT.
From
e T.)
Parliament has (
bee the
n summoned to meet for the
dispatch of business on the 18th of November, when,
it is understood, after the formalities which usher in
a new House, Ministers will immediately ask a
legislative sanction for their late measure. The
public press does not usually show much anxiety for
the commencement of a session, or much concern at
its close. In this instance, however, we should think
there will be a tolerable unanimity as to the wisdom
and even the necessity of convening the Legislature
at the earliest possible date. Three weeks are quite
long enough for so considerable a burden to remain
on the shoulders of the Executive; but te
wait three whole months for the results an
experiment which hangs the solvency of the
who strenuously, and, as we th.lnk, very
nation on a thread would argui
or an ignorance almost incredible,
argued against the proposal tr The statesmen
courage
wisely,
legally competent to su
c r!.ets, evidently felt their
grave responsibility. ,a
permitted a formal part from the coolness of
make Government
going at large for e.
quarter of a year, after having
anothersettii cgouapl almost ludicrous the
of the, Legislatlrre to be committed, there would be
'act of treason against majesty
mpeated, or rather
sett a
and
tb e
ni n
another,
nt
oh
teh e
rcontingency
panic f
returned, and perhaps another still, constituting a
a tprolonged,
Christmas
in theellnc t of rebellion
against Parliamentary law.
There are those
who would have no objection to
find Ministers passing
amuse-
ment of breaking up a law. The enthusiasm with
which the exhibition has been received might be
reb
considered to justify a repetition of the performance.
In fact, in thp riptpu„,e,x)4itsttiqp,,pe.-th.r. applauders
we reCognite-ilie ligeculiar tone of those savages who
crucify unfortunate singers with their greedy and
senseless encores. These divinities of the gallery will
hardly cease so long as there is any hope of having
the same song twice over for their money. It is,
we
therefore, with the utmost satisfaction
ex our
belief that in this instance there exists thepress greatest
possible disinclination in the performers to indulge
this propensity. Lord John Russell and Sir
Charles Wood have no taste for cumulative
offences. What they have done they have done to
meet an emergency of the most extraordinary, and,
we must add, of the most terrible character. They
saw as it were the gradual rise of a hurricane which
was driving into the breakers first one, then another,
of a goodly merchant fleet ;—they saw the coast
strewn with wrecks, and insatiable ocean swallowing
its prey ; at every fresh aggravation of the storm
another cable, that had so far stood the strain, snapt
asunder, and in one instant one more victim was
entombed. There they stood, not altogether power-
less spectators. They were able, at a future and
indefinite cost, to create a present lull, and give at
least a breathing time to the efforts of those who were
labouring on the sea, and the grief of those who be-
held from the shore. At such a moment they acted
as necessity, as humanity, in the judgment of most
men, would require. They acted for the best, and
time alone can prove that they have acted wrong.
The principle of suspending or modifying the
operation of a law when a great necessity seems to
require it, is one so thoroughly recognised by our
constitution, and so abundantly justified by prece-
dent, that it is a waste of words to say that our ob-
jections do not refer to this point. In a most delicate
and debatable question, or rather calculation of con-
sequences, we have come to a different result from that
implied in the late Ministerial act. Our difference
relates to the nature of the pressure--that is, of the
aggregate demands on the common stock of mercan-
tile credit. It is our painful conviction, formed on
what seems to us very solid data, and expressed in
these columns till they have passed into a byword
with our more hopeful contemporaries, that the credit
of this country is now fearfully low, and the demands
on it unusually great. By credit, we do not mean
confidence or opinion, we do not mean an aggregate
of mutual confidences, or a general presentiment of
wealth, but a very substantial and definite mercantile
quantity ;—the nation's creditor account in the great
bank of the world ;—the sum total of our legal
claims on the universal stock : we mean something
as material and definite as the credit of a London
firm in its London bank. On the other hand, by,
" demands" we understand something equally tan-
gible. We understand the debtor account of the
nation; the aggregate of its undertakings and other
obligations. Of course, too, we are forced to look on
the national credit and the national demands as living
and growing things. Were it possible for the nation
to stop payment at once, and submit its affairs to a
meeting of creditors, a value could be put upon the
items severally constituting the two sides of the account.
National insolvency, however, takes a different form.
We can only look on it in progress, in aggravation, in
abatement, in flux and reflux, in rise and fall. But
still the calculation concerns real and definite quanti-
ties; not fancies, not feelings, not anything in the
head or heart of man, but produce in fields, in stacks
and in stores, goods in warehouses, ships and their
cargoes, money in coffers, written securities, accounts
in ledgers, things visible, tangible, and negotiable.
With regard to these solid and assignable antecedents,
we believe that the old and respectable firm, England,
Ireland, Scotland, East and West Indies, and Co.,
having suffered great losses, and having been put to
unusual expenses—having also launched into most
extravagant speculations—is now very low both in
money and in credit. It is clear to us that many re-
spectable authorities, including the Ministers them-
selves, look on the question as one much more of
feeling than of fact. To use an ugly word, we are
more materialists than they are on the subject. That
is the nature of our difference.
We will not for one instant suppose that Sir
Charles Wood, or any other member of the Govern-
ment, doubts the reality of the pressure, and puts it
all upon panic. Nor could we imagine men of their
calibre thinking it possible to build credit with paper,
like a castle of cards. For the present, we will shut
our eyes to the Limbo of Inconvertibles. In point
of fact, they have no such reason to glorify themselves
at the expense of the Bank Charter Act. As we ob-
served on Tuesday, the Ministerial measure is about
as guarded and cautious as such a measure could be;
and, though the Inconvertibles profess to like the
meat, it is evident their palates revolt against the sauce.
We only fear that, under the circumstances, a well-
intentioned and most allowable present relief will
prove an eventual evil. We fear, that while a fresh
impulse is given to the mental confidence of the na-
tion, still greater demands will be made on its
actual and material credit. Whether we look to
Ireland, to our factories, or even to our railroads, we
see the causes that have brought us to our present
pass still in full operation. Ireland, it is evident, will
again make great demands upon the common stock of
food. We shall again have to pay a good price to
America for a less than average quantity of cotton.
Though many new railway works are suspended, and
many postponed, and though Ministers will, doubt-
less, propose in the November session some very effi-
cacious checks and exits for these disastrous specula-
tions, yet it is too likely that the expenditure will
continue for some time at its present rate. All this
augurs a continuance and aggravation of the present
pressure, and renders it very conceivable that the
"relief" afforded by Government may be used to
the extent of three millions, resulting in a drain to
that amount on the gold in the Bank. Should mat-
ters come to that pass, there would [then be more
panic, more difficulty of discounts, more demands for
relief, and perhaps a run for gold, which Government
would have to meet at a great expense of character
and money. Our apprehensions of such a result in-
cline us to the opinion that it would have been better
to let things now take their course. We are charged
with cruelty or indifference, because we prefer a less
evil now to a great and accumulated evil hereafter.
A glance at the last six months will suffice to answer
this accusation. Is it not manifest that all the houses
that have failed would have shown better accounts
and done less mischief, if they had wound up their
affairs six months since instead of floundering on
with discounts at 10 per cent. ? We do not predict ;
we only reason from the past. Had the Ministerial
measure been adopted six months since, when some-
thing of the kind was loudly clamoured for, the re-
sults show that it would have caused a fearful aggra-
vation of our present calamities. At the end of
another six months we fear it will be found to have
done so now.

TRADE IN BIRMINGIIAM.—We are happy to state
that, notwithstanding the mischievous and scandalous
rumours which have been circulated during the past
week, nothing has occurred to injure credit or excite
apprehension. The foreign merchants are fall of orders,
but exhibit a judicious reserve in the extent of their
operations. We cannot too strongly deprecate the in-
famous propensity evinced by vain and idle persons to
whisper away the characters of respectable men, for no
other purpose than to exhibit their wretched self-im-
portance. On Saturday, if rumour had been credited, a
house of as undoubted solvency as any in existence would
have been seriously injured, if not totally ruined.—Bir-
mingbam Advertiser.
Mr. Gay, the surgeon, tied the carotid artery of i
James German, a child only seven months old, whilst
rendered completely insensible by the inhalation of
etherial vapour. The child had a large swelling of a
highly dangerous nature on the right side of the face,
which required so formidable an operation, and it is
likely to be cured. The operation was performed at the
Xtoyal Free Hospital, Gray's Imi-road.

THE UNITED STATESI
AND MEXICO. I

By the Royal Mail steam-s'''ip
LIVERPOOL, THURSDP MoRNINC.
Hibernia, Cuptain
Ryrie, we have advice!,
from New York to the 15th,
Boston to the NO'
, and Halifax to the 18th instant
respectively.
12,000/. i- She brings ninety passengers, and
'specie.
Ttie Hibernia spoke the Cambria on the morning
the 18th between Halifax and Boston, where she
would arrive on the evening of the 18th.
Our accounts from Mexico, though mere rumours,
are interesting. Santa Anna was stated to be at
Guadaloupe, whence it was expected he would retreat
to Oaxaca. This, however, is contradicted by ru-
mours which report that the American troops, after
taking the city of Mexico, had numerous severe con-
flicts with the almost innumerable swarm of Leperos
who inhabited and surrounded the capital, and that
the latter finally became so annoying and destructive,
that they obtained the advantage over the American
troops, who were finally under the necessity of retir-
ing from from the eity. It is further said that Santa
Anna had left his quarters at Guadeloupe, and re-
turned to the capital at the head of an army of
10,000 regular troops, and that fighting had been
resumed and was still going on desperately at the
last accounts.
it was fut4hcr stated that in consequence of the
above report the Mexicans had become inspirited,
and were flying to arms throughout the country.
Three thousand were reported to have gathered at
Victoria.

In consequence of these reports, great anxiety was
felt for the troops under General Scott.
A rumour, which is confirmed, states that Santa
Anna had resigned the Presidency, and that the in-
strument of resignation was dated from Guadaloupe
the 16th of September; but that the Mexican people
were not disposed to receive it, and had again placed
him at the head of the al'my.
There is no confirmation of the report that Santa
Anna had been wounded.
Among other improbable rumours, it is stated that
General Herrera is now in command of the army, and
will proceed with 14,000 men to station himself at
Queretaro, where it is intended that the Mexican
Congress shall re-assemble. It is also said that Santa
Anna has moved towards Puebla with 2,000 horse,
and that Paredes is raising troops with some success
in the state of Jalisco.
The New York Express says—
" There was a report by the last arrival from Vera
Cruz, that General Quitman, with 4,000 men, had
left the Mexican capital for the purpose of opening
communications with thecoast. But we hardly think
General Scott would deem it advisable to weaken his
force in the capital so much as would be necessary to
carry out this movement. Obviously the communi-
cations ought to be opened from below."
General Rea is said to have gained full possession of
Puebla, but the Americans were pouring a deadly fire
upon his troops from the surrounding heights com-
manding the town.
Large reinforcements of American troops were on
their way from Vera Cruz to the Mexican capital.
By the last accounts from Vera Cruz, September 25,
there was an American force of 2,500 men at the
National-bridge, under General Lane; another of
about 1,000 men at Jalapa, under Major Lally; a
garrison of a few hundred men at the fortress of
Perote; and another of about 1,000 men at
Puebla, under Colonel Childs. The greater part
of the force at the National-bridge was imme-
diately to march for Jalapa, where it would be
joined by Major Lally's command, or a part of it,
and proceed to Perote, and thence to Puebla and
Mexico, to reinforce the main army under General
Scott. General Cushing's division of about 2,000
men was daily expected at Vera Cruz from the
' Brazos, and would forthwith advance to the sup-
port of General Lane. As Lane's division will en-
counter opposition from the guerillas, particularly
at Cerro Gordo, where considerable fortifications
are said to have been erected, it is probable that
by the time he reaches Perote, General Cushing will
come up, which will swell the advancing column to
5,000 men.
Previous to the storming of the capital Santa Anna
issued the following address :
" The President Provisional of the Republic and
Commander-in-Chief of the Army to the Nation.
" Countrymen,--The enemy, availing himself of
idle pretext, has determined to commence hostilities
upon your beautiful city. Presuming us to be dis-
heartened and humiliated by the reverses of fortune,
he expected that I should subscribe a treaty by which
the territory of the republic would have been essen-
tially reduced, and the republic covered with shame
and ignominy. Mexicans do not deserve a fate so
ignominious, and, having been called upon spontane-
ously to direct their destinies, I have felt it my duty
to respond with all loyalty to their signal mark of
confidence, preserving those precious rights which
cannot be alienated, and thus affording an example
of energy and firmness which are the glory of nations.
" The enemy had proclaimed that they would pro-
pose to us a peace honourable for both nations, and it
became our duty to listen to them, that their treachery
might be made known. Their propositions, and all
the sequel of the negotiations, are to be published,
so that the civilized world may see that we were
ready to sacrifice all that our honour would permit us
to sacrifice; and that on the other band our enemies
set up measureless pretensions, which would have
destroyed the republic and converted it into a
miserable colony of the United States. To such
audacity we could oppose nothing but our firmness
and our valour.

" Mexicans ! You will find me, as ever, leading
in your defence, striving to free you from a heavy
yoke, and to preserve your altars from infamous vio-
lation, and your daughters and your wives from the
extremity of insult. The enemy raises the sword to
wound your noble fronts ; do you draw it likewise to
chastise the rancorous pride of the invader.
" Mexicans ! For ever live the independence of
the_country!
" ANTONIO LOPEZ DE SANTA ANNA.
" Mexico, Sept. 7, 1847."
The following is the official Mexican account of
the capture of the city :
" To the Generals of the Several Departments.
" Most Excellent Sir,—After the important and
great events that have yesterday taken place, there
remains no other alternative to the Government of
the Union than that of abandoning the capital, in
order that other means be adopted and pursued for
the harassing of the enemy. Accordingly, his Ex-
cellency orders me to inform you, in order that
through you the Honourable Congress of the State
over which you preside may know it, that his Ex-
cellency is firmly resolved to prosecute military
operations against the invaders ; and that, whatever
be the consequences resulting from the war, his
Excellency is determined to wage it in every possible
manner and by every attainable means.
" A heroic resistance WAS made in the capital for
the space of six days, but at length the enemy estab-
lished himself in places and positions from which his
missiles and projectiles could reach the peaceful
thousands of the lefty ; then the Supreme Govern-
ment, seeing the state of affairs to be such as war-
ranted their departure, changed their abode ; and
very soon I shall have the pleasure of
announcing to
your Excellency the site upon which it will fix,
`which at present is impossible for me to do, as it ac-
companies the army, and as yet is not agreed upon
the residence of the supreme power of the natio*.
But as soon as the latter is known I will give your
Excellency a detailed account of everything that has
occurred, but now I shall confine myself to the single
following statement
The American army charged yesterday at day-
light
with all its force upon Chapultepec, which, after
a spirited
defence of six hours, yielded at last to the
attack of the enemy, who immediately marched to
take possession of a fortification situated between the
sentry-box of Belen and St. Thomas, St. Como and
the Citadel. The first advance was checked by the
troops his Excellency the President led up, disputing
the ground inch by inch, till finally the invader was
routed from the citadel, after nine hours' hard fight-
ing. The capital being in this situation, his Excel-
lency was anxious to avoid a bombardment and to
sisare the tumult and confusion attendant upon an
assault, which would have given room for a thousand
calamities, and a repetition of those acts in which the
army of the foe has manifested so instinctive a spirit
of extermination.
" His Excellency the President of the Republic

1...11111111,..___
-.mu. ,

morr-
hc_rpeE i that yOttr Excellency will endeavour to pre-
serve and reanimate the public spirit, in order that
the w r may be carried on with tS,It vigour and
energ2 r which the national honour and the rights of
the rep 44 'the so imperiously demand.
4.LCORTA, Minister of War anti Marine.
" Gu. tc4 ;loupe Hidalgo, Sept. 14, 1847."
The e Xe( .ution, by order of General Scott,
,of the
Irishmen ire the Mexican service, had called forth the
following a ddress, published in a supplemental v
n umber of t he Diaro del Gobierno, the official organ,
of the Mexic an Government
" Mexican s !—Among the European volunteers
whom the A merican army has hired to kill us, there
are many us 'fortunate men who are convinced of the
injustice of this war, who profess the same Roman
Catholic relil ;ion we profess, but who, being harassed
by the mise/ y which prevails in Europe, from the
want of eMS doyment, and the failure of crops, have
consented t o enlist. Some of these men, abjuring
their errors, and following the noble impulses of their
hearts, have passed over to our army to defend our
just cause. From these his Excellency the President
formed the I foreign Legion, known under the name
of the Ca St. Patrick. At La Angostura w ?any of
and at Chi ,rubusco they bore themselves with the
highest ir itrk yidity, and after the enemy had gained
possessio a o 5 . this last point, which was only after its
defenders iv id exhausted their last cartridge, they
were my ,dc visoners.
" The ge..lerals of the American army, who ca not
count ul A in their soldiers in a war so iniquitous, save
through LI 'te influence of acts of ferocity, were deter-
mined to shoot these Irishrneen. Scarcely was this
known to t he city before every breast was filled with
horror at tl le thought. His Excellency, the Minister
of Relatioo;f 3, in a couching leiter to the English Con-
sul, the eat imable lady of her Britannic Majesty's
Minister, various private individuals, both Mexicans
and foreigt. ters, we ourselves, and even the ladies of
families res. iding at Tacubaya, interceded for these
brave mesa; and we expected that if they could not
be pardmed, they would at least be spared capital
punishmf ant.
"It w ould have been deemed base and repugnant
to the la ,ws of civilization as practised in modern wars
to offer the bloody spectacle of the execution of these
men ; at id yet it could have been palliated to a certain
extent 7by the part which those men took in the de-
fence of Cherubusco, but they had no share whatever
in the sl aftghter which was made the day before yes-
terday upon the heights of the King's Mill. Well,
then, will you believe it, my countrymen ? this day,
in cold blood, these Caribs, from an impulse of super-
stition, and after the manner of savages, and as prac-
tised in the days of Homer, have hung up these men
as a holocaust—they have themselves said it--to the
manes of the general or generals who there fell ! And
in what manner did they hang them ? Noosing them
by the neck as they stood upon the ground, and so
suspending them that they died by 'inches,' strangled
by their own weight, the mode adopted being such
that their horrible agony lasted more than one hour
—a spectacle worthy of such men, or rather of demons
escaped from hell. This they did with eighteen of
these unhappy men, and among them the brave Cap-
tain Reilli, whose head they stuck upon a pike, and
planted at Cherubusco. To six others, who proved
that they had not volunteered but been impressed,
they gave 200 lashes each, and compelled them to dig
the graves of their companions.
" Mexicans ! These are the men who call us bar-
barians, and say they come to civilize us. These are
the men who have plundered the houses of the sur-
rounding villages—who have stolen children from
their families—who have slept in the niches devoted
to the sacred dead—who have, with blasphemous re-
velry, clothed themselves with the ornaments of the
altars—who have thrown upon the ground the body
of Jesus Christ, and have made themselves drunk in,
drinking out of the sacred vessels ! Accursed may
they be of all Christians as they are of God!
" Countrymen! The Supreme Government com-
manded its commissioners, as you have seen it already
published, that they should inquire of their commis-
sioners, first of all, why they had brought war upon
our republic, with blood and fire ? what injuries we
have done to them, that they should thus seek to re-
venge themselves ? Their mode of concealing their
confusion at not being able to reply to these inquiries,
and of satisfying their displeasure because we would
not consent to an ignominious peace, has been to light
up anew the flames of war, to send us from the King's
Mill,r,the day before yesterday our assassinated coun-
trymen who had in no manner offended them, and to
glut their diabolical rage upon the defenceless men
whom they had in their power.
" Mexicans ! The Supreme Government conjures
us in the name of the honour of our race—in the
name of our dignity as men, and of God himself, that
we should all unite, by one unanimous and continued
effort, to revenge these great outrages, to yield never
to dismay, and to wage this war without truce and
without relenting. May remorse seize upon every
selfish or cowardly Mexican who cannot say to him-
self that he has fulfilled every duty as a public officer
and a good citizen; who has not contributed by every
means in his power towards this war—with his per-
son, with the influence of his position, with a part of
his fortune, with his labour, by maintaining a number
of soldiers—by aiding every way those who fight, and
who has not so employed the means which God has
given him for his service and that of the country in
which God has placed him, that his images shall not
be cut down, nor his holy name blasphemed.
" Mexico, Sept. 10, 18472'
The loss suffered by the United States' troops, from
the Bth to the 13th September, is stated to be 25
officers killed and 47 wounded, and 490 men killed
and wounded in the last battle.
Our Canadian accounts are uninteresting.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
(From the New York Courier and Inquirer.)
NEW YORK, OCT. 15, P.M.
Cotton—There appears to be but little animation
in the market—the sales thus far, to-day, do not ex-
ceed 500 bales. Should the present cold weather ex-
tend to the south, holders will decline selling at pre-
sent rates.
Flour—The receipts yesterday were nearly all
sold previous to arrival ; the market is very firm at
6 dolls. 50c. for new Michigan, Genesee, &c. Extra
brands are in demand at 7 dolls. 1,000 barrels,
Hiram Smith,' brought 7 dolls. 25c. ; Southern
flour is firm and in fair request at 6 dolls. 50c, ; meal
is steady at 3 dolls. to 3 dolls. 25c. for western, and
3 dolls. 25c. to 3 dolls. 75c. for Jersey and Brandy-
wine.

Sales of yellow flat corn have been made at 75c.;
mixed lots range from 72c. to 73c.
Provisions are inactive. Mess Pork 14 dolls. 25c.
to 14 dolls. 37ic. ; prime, 10 dolls. 50c. Lard is in
fair request at 104 c. to 113-c. in barrels and kegs.
Cheese, 6.ic. to Tic.
Ashes are firm. Pots, 6 dolls ; pearls, 8 dolls. per

001 b.
ed. to 3-16 d. per lb. ; flour and turpentine. The rates of freight are—to Liverpto.oinle,. flosr. cotton,
3d .
to
i s
dr,d'apridrobthuesrhealr.tic:lleos
London,. 6d. per
2s. barrelGd .
per; grain,barrel od
for.
fi to _o u
in proportion. To Havre, for cotton, :id. per lb.;
flour, 70c. per barrel ; ashes, 8 dolls. to 10 dolls. per
ton ; rice, 10 dolls. per ton.
A slight improvement took place in stocks this
morning ; the transactions, however, have been quite
moderate. Treasury notes were firm, at 1 premium;
sterling exchange dull at 109; francs, 5 23i,
Foreign exchange is rather tending downwards.—
Bills on London range from 9 to 9i-, the last being
difficult to obtain. Bank of England notes, to a con-
siderable amount, were sold at rates varying from 9
to 9f and 9i. On Paris, bills command 5.23. The
next sailing packet for Havre will carry out from
150,000 to 200,000 dollars in silver, some Mexican,
mostly French. There is less doing in exchange for
this packet than usual, by reason in part of the near-
ness of the next steamer from England, now eleven
days out, and the apprehension that she may bring
tidings of additional failures. This apprehension
prevents, it is probable, the offering of many bills in
the market, which the parties here are not willing to
negotiate until they have the assurance, by the next
packet, that their constituents on the other side stand.

FOREIGN EXCHANGES.
10842 t o 109-i
Exchanges nges on
Paris..Lond (2
5.22 k to 5.25
Amsterdam 40 to 40i
31 Hamburgh 35 to 344
' Bremen ..• 784 to 79-1
(From' the New York Express of Oct. 15.)
A vast portion of the embarrassment that has over-
taken many of the large flour and grain houses in
England and different parts of the continent has been
occasioned by the injudicious manner in which ship-
ments of grain have been made. The demand for
breadstuffs was so great that corn, wheat, and rye
were sent forward in the utmost hurry ; everything
in the shape of a vessel was loaded; and most of them
without any judgment. The consequence been
that many have foundered at sea, others have never
been heard of, and a large number have been com-
pelled to return, or put into some foreign port with
cargoes shifted and damaged. These have occasioned
some losses and disappointments. But yet a greater
evil has been experienced from a want of care in hav-
ing the grain properly dried and prepared previous to
being shipped. A very large portion of the grain
sent out has been found, on arrival, to be so heated
1 and damaged as to be worth less than the mere