The Sun.
London, England, 1849-01-02 00:00:00

FIRE AT CO TTENHAM.

On Thursday evening last the cry of fire was again
heard ringing through this town, and all was imme-
diately excitement and bustle. The inhabitants hur-
ried simultaneously to the place whence the alarm
proceeded, which was found to be a barn on the pre-
mises of Mr. C. Chivers, of the King's Head. On
arrival at the spot the flames burst simultaneously
from all quarters of the barn, proving that it must
have been in existence for some time before its disco-
very. This barn contained a large quantity of un-
thrashed wheat, which would have been beaten out
on Friday. Water was in abundance in the neigh-
bourhood ; the engine, however, was some time before
it was brought into play, but, when it commenced,
there was no lack of hands to work it, the memory of
the late scene of devastation being fresh in the minds
of all. In spite of the most unceasing exertions,
however, the flames maintained their ascendancy,
and gradually spread to another barn, containing
unthreshed barley, also two large wheat cobs,
one oat cob, one core of hay, the outbuildings
and offices; these, with their contents, and some
live stock—consisting of 12 pigs, a large quantity of
poultry, and a dog who had long kept watch over the
property—were consumed. Reaching and commu-
nicating with the premises adjoining, occupied by
by Mr. William Norman, the fire seized upon some
unthreshed oats, the produce of three acres, the straw
from six acres of wheat and two acres of oats, and
a building in which 30 tons of wurzel were stored;
this latter was so much burned as to be rendered
totally useless ; a cart, a crib, and some other farming
implements, with the stacks above-mentioned, were
totally consumed. On these premises also stood a
cottage and a dove-house, the property of Mr. Charles
Chivers ; these were burned also; the former was in
the occupation of Mr. James Thurlbourn, and is
totally consumed, together with Mr. Thurlbourn's
furniture, a quantity of potatoes, and other effects.
Passing from Mr. Norman's premises, the fire
entered on Mr. Bennett's house and shop, and soon
reduced them, with their valuable contents, con-
sisting of his furniture and stock in trade, to a heap
of ashes. Mr. Chivers' house, ;known as the King's
Head, next fell a victim, and from that nothing was
saved except the furniture of one small room. The
cellar of ale, containing about thirty barrels, was
protected from injury. Mr. Hines' house (a thatched
one), adjoining, was on fire several times, but, the
the thatch being kept in a state of saturation, it
was saved. Thatched premises at various distances
caught fire from falling sparks from time to time, but
a vigilant look-out being kept upon their roofs, the
damage done to them was but trifling. As yet no
correct estimate can be formed of the value of the
property burned, but it is thought that it will con-
siderably exceed 1,0001. For part of this amount
the fire-offices will be sufferers. Mr. Thurlbourn
is totally uninsured. The reflection of the flames
W9B eeen at a great distance, the night being dark,
and alarm and anxiety as to the whereabout prevailed
in several directions, and a concourse of persons
arrived from the neighbouring villages in the course
of the evening. It is worthy of remark that the
last three fires in this place have occurred on
Thursday evenings. The prevailing opinion in the
town is, that this last devastation is attributable to
an incendiary.

CHARGE OF INHUMANITY AGAINST A PARISH
SURGEON.—Yesterday Mr. Carter held an inquest at the
Angel, Lambeth-walk, on view of the body of Sarah
Maria Chevell, aged 21, wife of a bricklayer's labeurer,
residing at 25, Union-street, Lambeth. From the evi-
dence of several witnesses it appeared that the deceased,
who was seven months advanced in pregnancy, was
merry-making with a few friends on Tuesday last
(Boxing-day), her husband and three or four others
being of the party. During the day there was some
little romping, and the deceased, with other females pre-
sent, was dragged by one of the guests under a bunch
of miseltoe. No undue violence was used; but in the
evening deceased, having just previously sat down on
the knee of one of the guests present, complained of in-
disposition, and begged a female present to accompany
her out of the room, as she feared premature labour
was coming on. The deceased retired into an adjoin-
ing room, and the other female, becoming alarmed,
hastened for assistance. After some time medical aid
was procured; but the deceased was insensible when the
doctor arrived, and she expired in twenty-five minutes,
having literally bled to death. Mr. Jeffree, of Paradise-
street, who attended the deceased, described death to
have arisen from a fracture of the plecenta, and added
that it was possible, had medical assistance been at hand
in the first instance to stay the hsemorihage, that the
life of the poor woman might' have been spared. The
jury returned a verdict in accordance with the medical
testimony. At the close of the inquiry Mr. Merredew,
the occupier of the house in which deceased resided,
complained to the Coroner of the conduct of Mr. John
Edward Smyth, of Lambeth- walk, one of the
parochial surgeons. lle said that on hearing of
the poor woman's dangerous illness he ran to Mr.
Smyth's surgery and entreated him to attend directly, as
ho believed the case was one of great danger. Mr.
Smyth asked if the patient was a poor woman, and was
answered in the affirmative, but he (Mr. Merredew)
offered himself to be answerable for any required pay-
ment. Mr. Smyth rejoined that he never went out to
women in labour for less than a guinea, that he could not
do so then, and that application had better be made to
Mr. Wagstaff, the surgeon in whose district the patient
lived. lie was told that Mr. Wagstaff was not at home,
but this had no effect upon him, and he did not even put
a newspaper which he was reading out of his hands. The
Coroner said he was very sorry, but he had no power to
compel a medical man to attend a patient unless he
chose to do so. It was certainly unfortunate that Mr.
Smyth had not attended, as he might possibly hare saved
the woman's life. As ho had before said, however, ho
had no control over the parish doctcrs, and could not
compel them to give their attendance if they did not
choose to do so. Mr. Merredew said he had telt it his
duty to mention the circumstance to the Court, and,
having done so, probably notice would be taken in the
proper quarter.
NARROW ESCAPE OF CHARLES COWAN, ESQ., M.P.
—On Thursday afternoon, about four o'clock, while Mr.
Cowan was driving along in a gig, in the direction of
Clerk-street, in the southern part of the city, the horse
stumbled, and the driver, who was seated beside Mr.
Cowan, either lost hold of the reins or they snapped
asunder in his hands. The animal, as is supposed, be-
came frightened, and set off at full gallop, till it reached
Montague-street, down which it turned. When about
twelve or fifteen yards from the bottom of the street,
which is closed up by a dead wall, the driver threw him-
self from the gig, and, from the velocity at which the
animal was proceeding, fell with some force on the
ground, grazing his cheek, and slightly injuring his leg.
Mr. Cowan kept his seat; and the animal's course hav-
ing been stepped by the wall, against which it came with
some force, shattering the shafrs of the vehicle, he fortu-
nately contrived to get out without injury. He had no
sooner accomplished this, than the horse again set off up
the street in the opposite direction, but, ou reaching the
top of it, its course was stopped by a fall, when it was
secured, and taken to Mr. Dick's, veterinary surgeon,
Clyde-street. We aro happy to state that Mr. Cowan
sustained no injury, and that the driver's bruises are
slight. The horse, which was a valuable animal, also
escaped with some slight injuries.—Eilinburgh Witness.
COST OF SPECIAL CONSTABLES.—The Treasurer of
the county of Middlesex shows in his accounts the sums
repaid by him to the churchwardens of the various
parishes in the county of Middlesex, for expenses in-
curred by them in providing staves and other necessary
i
articles for the use of the special constables, appernte
under the Ist and 2d Will. IV., in the month of April.
i
184 S, when the peace of the metropolis was threatened
to be disturbed by Clll.l-fist meetings held at Kenning-
ton-common sinsn
ton-common and other places. The total of these
is 1,043/. 14s. Sd.
J. Addison, Esq., the Judge of the Lancaster
County Court, has decided that the Lancaster and Car-
lisle Railway Company were liable for the value of three
hampers of herrings, v.hich the person to whom they
were consigned
had refused to take in, as they were un-
saleable from delay in transitu

AN IMPRISONMENT UNDER
WINDISCHGRATZ.
The National publishes the following communica-
tion from a citizen of the French Republic, who, after
having been de t:lired as a prisoner by Winditchgratz
at Vienna, for some weeks, was fortunate encugh_to
effect his escape.
After stating that he was arrested on the entrance
of ‘Vindischgratz into Vienna, and thrown into prison,
the writer thus proceeds :
I found myself with forty-two other persons' in
a place so narrow, that it was impossible to lie down
or even to sit on the ground. I was, therefore
obliged to''stand, and lean in my turn against the wall,
for three days and three nights without receiving
either bread or water, a prey to the most horrible
sufferings, and in a state easily imagined when I
tell you that, on no account could we be permitted to
leave the cell. I am at a loss to know how we escaped
suffocation.
The fourth day arrived. Our door was opened,
and we were ordered to turn out. I obeyed joy-
fully, in spite of the piercing cold. But the ma-
jority of my companions in misfortune could not
walk, notwithstanding the pushing from the butt end
of muskets and with bayonets by which it was at-
tempted to compel them.
The court martial before which we appeared was
comprised of officers who beheld with manifest plea-
sure the pitiful state we were in. Without entering
into any preliminary explanation or. the causes, legi-
timate or not, of our arrest, the Captain who seemed
to preside over this court declared collectively, he
looked upon us as so many " blackguards, anarchists,
communists, republicans, &c.," and that in a few
days, we should not fail to be shot.
" Good !" I could not help exclaiming; and in-
stantly the honourable president turned towards me.
" What !" shouted he in a rage, " you dare to
laugh at me ? You miserable spy ! you shall be the
first shot."
As I had no doubt but that he would be as good
as his word, I answered, " That is just what I wish;
better be shot than your prisoner."
We were almost immediately reconducted to our
prison, where for the first time bread and water was
rationed to us. I had no other food during the whole
time I was with the Imperialists. On the sixth day
of my captivity, well loaded with irons, I was taken
before the Grand Military Tribunal. There, a
miserable lieutenant of chasseurs recognised me as
having commanded a barricade in *** strasse. He
knew, besides, I was an officer and aide-de-camp to a
a certain general.
I perceived that I was lost, but I denied everything.
There was a great crowd on our way back to the
headquarters. Some women approached me and
embraced my manacled hands others wept as they
looked at me. Bouquets were likewise thrown to me.
These marks of interest renewed my courage, and I
could have died without regret at that moment.
On my return to Hetzendorff, I passed another
three days in a dirty:stable among red cloaked. Croats,
always in danger of receiving either from one or the
other a sabre cut or a carabine shot.
On the tenth day I was led into the fields to wit-
ness an execution, which was horrible.
When I had been there a few minutes, twelve stu
dents were brought forward, all very fine, handsome
lads, their hands free, their countenance undaunted ;
they were about to be shot.
Arrived on the spot where they were to suffer,
spades and pick-axes were given to them, with orders
to dig their own graves. . . . . .
As they offered some resistance, they were beaten or
were stuck with the points of the bayonets, which
compelled obedience.
During this mournful task the officers amused
themselves by taking out their watches from time to
time, and I heard them say—" Now, gentlemen, you
have but a quarter of an hour more ten mi-
nutes .... five .... hurry your work !"
The graves were dug. It was then ordered that
the eyes of these young men should be bandaged, but
they refused. When they were commanded to kneel,
one of them cried out, " It is you, miserable merce-
naries, who ought to go on your knees before us.
Come, executioners, do your office !"
Two seconds afterwards these twelve children were
stretched on the ground.
I will not tell you what my feelings were during
this horrible scene. Ah ! that I had been able, even
at the sacrifice of my own life, to avenge those young
men ! _ _

This terrible trial was repeated several times.
Amongst others, I saw a poor woman with her two
children, for having said to Prince Windischgratz,
who refused a pardon for her husband, " I can
neither live nor get a living for my children if you
take him away from me. ➢lurder us, then,
altogether."
They were executed three days after the students
I have mentioned, in the presence of the husband,
who followed them at an hour's interval.
I have seen soldiers on the fronties cut off the
fingers, as a pastime, of two children of the ages of
three to eix months, which had been found in a house
in flames. They afterwards killed them, not having,
as they said, any breast to give them.
You will not require me to go on with these hor-
rible details. I will, therefore, tell you how I
escaped. Every morning I was told that I was go-
ing to be executed. But the Tribunal, who thought
that by questioning me frequently they would obtain
certain useful revelations, delayed the time, of my
death.

Meanwhile the 20th arrived, and my keepers were
changed. With how much pleasure did I witness
the arrival of the Grenadiers (Italians). It was my
first gleam of hope. As I spoke their language, it
was easy for me to pass for one of their countrymen.
I obtained in this manner (the evening of their ar-
rival) some peasants' clothes, and the next morning
I was on the mountain heights. Avoiding roads and
selecting the least practicable passages, seeking shelter
only from woodmen and shepherds, I arrived, very
ill, on the 25th, at G-, where I took my bed,
which I have not left until this morning.

DOVER _HARBOUR OF REFUGE.
We have again much pleasure in recording the
successful prosecution of this great maritime under-
taking of the present age. On visiting the works the
other day we were quite astonished at the remarkable
extent of progress made since we last noticed them.
The works are certainly conducted with an extraor-
dinary spirit of industry. This is evidenced by the fact
that the timber framework of this great sea barrier
has been carried out upwards of 260 feet from the
point of shore at the old Cheeseman's-head ; and by
the aid of several diving-bells, helmets, &c., and a
most masterly arrangement of travelling cranes, the
ponderous stonework has been securely bedded in the
chalk rock to a similar distance, and brought up al-
most to the level of high water, within eight months.
This compact body of beautiful masonry contains, we
believe, no less than 150,000 cubic feet of stone of
large dimensions, and of the finest quality that
this country can produce, and gives evidence of the
ultimate stability of a structure, the beneficial effects
of which are already very apparent; inasmuch as the
frequent heavy sea caused by the prevailing south-
west winds is materially checked at the harbour
mouth, and the entrance of vessels into this desirable
haven during a gale is now rendered almost a matter
of ease and certainty. In addition to the extraordi-
nary appliances already referred to, there is a fine
steam-engine driving several sets of mortar and
cement mills, and a remarkable crane for unloading
vessels. This engine is worked with all the docility
of a child, and has within these few months discharged
about 15,000 tons of stone, and all too with the most
careful and steady results. Altogether, the works
present the appearance of a more successful con-
tending against the destructive action of the sea at
this much exposed portion of the coast than has ever
been before attempted here. The operations
have been inspected by engineers, Royal, civil, and
practical, all of whom have expressed their entire
confidence in the speedy and satisfactory completion
of a work so gigantic and so eminently calculated to
save hundreds of lives, and thousands of pounds
worth of property. Several very high gales, with
tremendous seas from the Atlantic, have lately waged
their fury upon it, but no damage has been sustained
further than occasional interruption to the working
of the machinery upon which so many of
I: oamithel e
free-tradersopera-
tions depend. The successful results here shown are
no doubt to be attributed to the high standing
engineers, and the spirited enterprise of Messrso.f
Lee,the
the contractors, who always avail themselves of
can
most valued exedients that science and practice
d bring
Provide, and which are so highly calculated
n0..0n.8
of tlle
this great monument of human skill a_n_dve
resources to a satisfactory conclusion.
nide of Saturda____—.--_-_,n
district w.ould-jbse
over Chi o-
oagf oßi‘iiEtaFliaßhsmesstti‘eartleEdal:tiTlitt4
. Cobden,
Free-trade
' t. in the
held on L:the 4th ins
t,o
Wednesday se'nnight, the loth
Mr.
meeting is postpone
assemblage is expected.
publicN— Dig; aorunifedcelnriSl;rofrtth
Mr. Mil-
sUrt
ner Gibson, Mr. Bright,number of other Liberal
M.P.'s aro to take part in the proceedings. Resolutions
proposing an enlarged
GI: to.;g; hillisnon numerousisto preside
and a
and
dll bmeosruobmcoitmtepdltioethsyestemof meeting,
registration,
gi tration, both for
boroughs and, shires, in all parts of the kingdom. The
e“orn l
a, registrationrepe4iperr principle e
tdhied
a muchboli t i
on in
otfh et
hope onoiroinl -
lwsoafal l;
and sanguine hopes are entertained that the same princi-
ple will carry Mr. Colkn'a proposition for the reduction
of taxation to the atn Jut 01 10,000,000/. per annum.
THE LATE DR. THOMAS GRAY.—Amongst the
sudden deaths of the present distressing period, it is our
duty
to-day to record that of Dr. Gray. Up almost to
the hour of his decease, this worthy man had been
actively engaged in administering to those suffering with
cholera, and becoming suddenly ill in his own shop, he
sunk down, and almost immediately expired. Dr. Gray
was a skilful surgeon, an excellent and warm-hearted
man, and it was his happiness to be deeply respected and
beloved by his patients, and by all who had the honour
of his acquaintance.—Glasgow Constitutional

THE STRAND OAS -
The following memorial has bee:6'4am* " ToN
the worshipful her Majesty's Justices of trii-Atee for 4
the county of I'lliddlesex, in their Quartei. Sesilons"-f
of the Peace assembled : That pg, *emorialV
represent the parishes of St. Anne;; IF r,-:S
Clement Danes, St. Mary-le-
Covent-garden, the Liberty of the
Precinct of of the Savoy, containing a po bf
nearly 44,000, and contributing to the maintenance
of upwards of 2,500 poor persons, presenting the large
proportion of one pauper out of every 18 persons.
That your memorialists, in the exercise of the duties
imposed upon them, have had frequent oppor-
tunities of observing the minute line of de-
marcation which exists between the ratepayer and
the rate receiver, and that a very small addition
to the burdens of the former is sufficient
to bring them within the pale of the latter. With
the result of this experience before them, your memo-
rialists observe with deep concern that a proposal has
been entertained by your Honourable Court for the
enlargement or rebuilding of the House of Correc-
tion. The immense amount of money already ex-
pended in the erection of the County Lunatic Asylum,
the still further contemplated outlay in the erection
of a similar asylum in another part of the county, the
enormous cost of the erection of the Westminster
Bridewell and the House of Detention, whereby the
county-rates have been mortgaged for a period ex-
ceeding
the limits of one generation—all of which
several undertakings have been conducted under the
management of your Honourable Court—deeply im-
press your memorialists with the conviction that the
position of a large number of the ratepayers of the
county has not been sufficiently present to your Hon.
Court, before this new attempt to increase their
burdens had been contemplated and entertained.
Your memorialists are quite prepared to give full
credit to your Hon. Court for the desire to improve
the comforts and promote the reformation of the
inmates of a prison; but it may, perhaps, be wor-
thy of consideration how far it is desirable to make
our prisons more preferable than our workhouses,
thereby exciting to the committal of crimes, to ob-
tain a better asylum than can be obtained by honest
industry. It is a fact which must have frequently
pressed itself on the attention of members of your Hon.
Court, that the superior accommodation and treatment
of lunatics in the County Asylum has induced many
persons to make their relatives and friends paupers,
to enable them to share in such advantages. Should
it be so with our prisons ? Your memorialists do not
feel themselves justified in giving expression to their
views on this most important matter in any but the
most respectful terms; they nevertheless feel it right
to suggest the possibility, that the high and indepen-
dent position, in regard to worldly circumstances,
which its members occupy, may incapacitate your
llonourable Court from appreciating the shifts and
contrivances which many tradesmen and small house-
holders have in meeting the constant and unremitting
applications of the rate and tax collector."

THE EARL AND TILE SAILOR.—Some little time
ago, the Earl of Arundel and Surrey, in returning to
England, received an act of service from a sailor on
board of the vessel. His Lordship, with his usual
generosity, requested the son of Neptune to call on him
at his residence in London, and he would reward him
for his kindness. Soon afterwards Jack called on his
Lordship, and, on being shown into his apartments, the
Earl presented' him with a five-pcund note, request-
ing him, at the same time, if ho was passing at any
future period, to call again and seo him. The sailor
went away, highly delighted with the kindness and
generosity he had met with ; and some time afterwards,
when his vessel came in, happening to be near his Lord-
ship's house, it again occurred to him that he would call
and see his noble patron. He called at the residence,
was treated kindly by the servants, and, after having
partaken of the viands set before him in the kitchen, his
Lordship having been informed that his protege was be-
low, desired to seo him. The sailor was again before his
Lordship, and, after a few remarks, the Earl presented
him with another five-pound note. So unexpected was
this piece of liberality, that Jack involuntarily exclaimed,
heedless of grammar as of etiquette, " I'm blest if you
aint a Lord."

A QUEER PitorosmoN.—Amongst the papers
distributed on Saturday in the French Assembly was a
proposition presented by M. Antoine, tending to abolish
the duty on potable liquors, salt, and tobaceo, and to
substitute for them the following direct taxes :—Whoever
wears a cloth coat such as is used in full dress, and not a
blouse like workmen, should pay 100 f. a-year. As it
was calculated that 1,000,000 persons would be found in
France determined to wear a dress-coat, this tax was to
bring into the Treasury 100,000,000 f. Whoever wears
a hat in place of a casquctte, or cap, like a workman,
should pay 20f. a-year, which, at the rate of 5,000,000 of
hats worn, would give 100,000,000 f. more. Whoever
wears a frock-coat should pay M. a• year, which, at the
rate of 5,000,000 of wearers, would give 25,000,000 f
in all, according to M. Antoine, 225,000,000 f.

INTREPID CONDUCT OF A YOUTH.—The following
is an extract of a letter from Tortola, Virgin Islands:—
" We have had a very gallant act performed here by a
boy of nine years of age, the son of Mr. E. 11. Drum-
mond Hay, President of the Virgin Islands. The lad, with
a younger brother, had gone down to the shore to bathe.
When stripped he perceived a man who had got out of his
depth, and was in great danger of drowning. He imme-
diately- rushed into the water and swam to his assistance.
On the man attempting to grasp him, he had the pre-
sence of mind to dive, and thereby avoided what might
have proved fatal to both ; then, approaching him more
cautiously, ho seized him by the arm as he was sinking
a second time, and with great difficulty succeeded in
dragging him ashore. The persons present speak with
admiration of the cool and heroic conduct displayed by
the little fellow, and affirm that, but for the noble assist-
ance thus rendered, the man must inevitably have been
drowned, as his perilous situation had not been pre-
viously observed from the shore."
THE CITY OF LONDON NEW SEWERS COMMISSION.
—Yesterday the new Act of Parliament for the sanitary
improvement of the city of London and liberties thereof,
and for the better sewering, paving, and lighting of the
same, came into force. It contains as many as 266
clauses, and several schedules of forms to be used by the
Commissioners of Sewers. Several Acts of Parliament
are repealed, and new regulations will be enforced by the
commission, which will forthwith assemble under the
provisions of the statute, and of which body the Lord
Mayor is ex officio a member. In the Act aro numerous
sections to promote the public health of the City and for
the abatement of nuisances, of a somewhat similar cha-
racter to provisions in the Health of Towns Act and the
Removal of Nuisances Act, passed in the last session
and now in operation. With respect to interments, it is
provided that the soil shall be five feet clear above the
coffins; and, by the 89th section, a place, in the discretion
of the commissioners, is to be prepared to deposit the
bodies of the poor ;—" And, whereas the poor at all
times have great difficulty in obtaining, and frequently
are utterly unable to obtain, a fit and proper
place in which their dead may remain until removed for
interment, bat are compelled to let the corpse remain in
the room which the living occupy, whereby great mor-
tality is often occasioned, especially in cases of conta-
gious and infectious diseases, be it enacted that it shall
be lawful for ;the commissioners from time to time, if
they shall think fit so to do, to provide fit and proper
places in which the poor, under proper rules and regu-
lations, may be permitted to deposit the bodies of their
dead previously to interment, and to cause the bodies
so deposited therein to be decently taken care of so long
as the commissioners shall allow the same to remain.
Additional powers are given to the commissioners over
all sewers, and houses are not to be built without
drains, neither aro buildings to be commenced without
notice to the commissioners. The sole power of paving
and lighting the City is placed in the commissioners. The
Act is a public Act, and to be judicially taken notice of
as such. It is to be designated in all proceedings as
" The City of London Sewers Act, 1848." It is to
_d re-
main in force for two years, and thence to the_end the
then next session of Parliament.
officers oa THE ARMY.—According to the last official
the army is composed of 7,093 regimental
260
full pay, viz., 66 colonels, 266 licutenant-71__
second
majors, 1,827 captains, 2,553 lieutenants,
.1 z'
4 90 reg.'
and 30
lieutenants, ensigns, and cornets,
officers, 185 surgeons, 249 ass,i,stil wiz;
4 non-commiSSiOrled
veterinary surgeons, and
1 --number includes 1, r
officers and rank and file. This
artillery and ","4
19 867 sappers and
caralry, 5,042 guards,
'of the line, 11,621 1) ,
m
miners, 105,033 infantry
and 8,582 to b the a-
-0 strength
tines and marine artillen
is with the exception
of the colonial realm°
hich is included. of the
_s _....eorims-e,lital staff
.—DrsattACEFUL RIOT in the cavalry
of Irish railway labourersrCeatupron. Mounted
assembled in the
Sunday a
purpose of
town attending mass, which is ad-
• tered here once a month b
minis
grntfunotirilmothcbgescr
y clergyman of the
After being dismissed from the
place of meeting, both men and women repaired in
e
crowds to the public-houses, and towards dusk, the
streets of our
appearance
hanf Rooimaen.
usually quiet village presented more the
Irish fair than the quietness and
decency
of a Scottish village.
As the evening ad-
vanced, a number of them quarrelled among themselves,
and commenced fighting ; at the same time one of these
heroes committed a brutal assault on a woman who was
attempting to take her husband from the affray. The po-
lice, however, soon made their appearance, :rand took
one of the most obstreperous of the rioters into custody.
The navvies, then, to the number of 30 or 40, made
combined attack on the officers for the purpose of rescu-
ing their comrade ; and a number of the inhabitants
and special constables, perceiving their intention,
promptly arrayed themselves on the side of order ;
and as the navvies continued their attack, and
tho constables persevered in keeping their prisoner,
there was about half an hour of as good pulling,
hauling, shouting, and yelling, as any patron of Donr
brook Fair could have wished for. Happily, however,
the friends of order and decency prevailed, and the
affray ended in some biz or seven of the boldest of
the navvies getting ensconced in durance vile, for the
purpose of ensuring their appearance on a future day—
Ayr Observer.
The Earl of Zetland has been nominated another
year to the office of grand master of the masonic craft.
Asthe othernNooble ianrol will
tiboen
confirmedbas takenat place,
thethe choice of
meeting of the
grand lodge in the first week of March.
A circular was issued yesterday announcing the
retirement of Mr. Furse, from the house of Heath,
Furse. and Co. The affairs of the firm, under the title
of Heath and Co., will be continued by Mr. J. 13. Heath,
Mr. R. A. Heath, and Mr. W. E. Few.

THE UNITED STATES.
Although the principal details of the report of the
Secretary of the Treasury were forwarded to Europe by
the last steamer, yet a few more items, embracing a
wider field, will naturally excite interest.
The estimated expenditures for the year ending June
30, 1849, are 65,932,276 dolls.—estimated receipts,
35,100,000 dolls.—the excess of 30,000,000 dolls. being
a remanet of the Mexican war.
Then we have an estimate of the expenditures for the
year ending June 30, 1850, of which the following are
the chief items:— Dollars.
Legislative ... 1,169,342 50
Executive ... 918,054 64
Surveyors-general ... 54,920 00
Secretary to sign patents for public lands 1,500 00
Commissioner of the Public Buildings ... 6,290 00
Mints of the United States ... 124,746 00
Judiciary . . . . 583,300 00
Territory of Oregon ... 32,600 00

Annuities and grants ... ... ...
Auxiliary watch ... ...
Survey of the coast ••• ••• •••
Miscellaneous claims ... ...
Special examiners of drugs ... •••
Recorder of land titles in Missouri •••
Assistant treasurers, &c. ••• •••
Contingent expenses of their offices ...
Compensation, &c., to special agents ...
Insane paupers of the district of Columbia
Penitentiary of the district of Columbia
Expenses of loans and Treasury notes ...
Marine Hospital fund ...
Repairs of Custom-house, Plymouth, N.C.
Light-houses, &c. ••• ••• •••
Surveys of public lands ... ... ...
Completing marine hospitals . . •
Payment to be made to Mexico •••
Salaries of ministers to foreign nations...
Secretaries of legation ... ... ...
Minister resident to Turkey ..•
Dragoman to the legation to Turkey ...
Charges des affaires ... ••• •••
Contingent expenses of all the missions...
Ditto of foreign intercourse ... •••
Intercourse with the Barbary Powers ...
Consul at London ••• ... • •
Commissioner to the Sandwich Islands...
Consulates at Constantinople, &c. ...
Commissioner to reside in China ...
Secretary and Chinese interpreter ...
Consuls at the five ports in China ...
Consul-general at Alexandria ... ...
Consul at Beyrout ... ••• •••
Relief and protection of American seamen
Clerk hire, office rent, &c., of American
Consul at London ... ••• ...

Army, proper 6.. ... ...
Military Academy ... ...
Fortifications ••• ...
Armouries, arsenals, and munitions of war
Surveys, lighthouses, 8;c. ... ...
Indian Department ... ... ...
Pensions ... ... ... •• •
Arrearages under Act May 1, 1820 ...

General services ...
Marine corps ....

Total estimates ...

750 00

6,775 00
186,000 00
500 00
6,600 00
500 00
23,000 00
15,000 00
5,000 00
6,400 00
9,830 00
20,000 00
15,000 01

100 00
478,603 00
125,050 00
90,001 00
3,540,000 00

63,000 00
14,000 00
6,000 00
2,500 00
76,500 00
35,000 00
30,000 00
9,000 00
2,000 00
3,000 00
1,500 00
6,000 00
2,500 00
5,000 00
3,000 00

500 00
100,000 00

2,800 00

4,432,286 00
170,142 61
671,000 00
893,581 00
15,700 00
857,473 45
466,400 00
1,000 00

8,524,880 58
333,976 80

..._24,153,100 92

The following incidents in the life of General Taylor
will interest many readers:—Zschary Taylor, born in
Orange county, V., November 24, 1784; commissioned
by Jefferson, May 3, 1808 ; victorious at Fort jlamlin,
September 5, 1812; member of the Militia Board, 1826;
victorious at the Bad Axe, August 2, 1832 ; victorious
at Okeechobee, December 25, 1837 ; victorious at Palo
Alto, May 8, 1846; victorious at Resaca de la Palma,
May 9, 1846 ; capitulation of Monterey, September 24,
1846 ; victorious at Buena Vista, February 22, 1847 ;
elected President of the United States, November 7,
1848.

DISCOVERY OF THE RUINS OF AN UNKNOWN CITY
NEAR BOSOUB, ASIA MINOR.—The Constantinople
Journal gives some curious details regarding a city said
to be discovered by Dr. Bruuner, one of the agents em-
ployed by the Government of the Sublime Porte in pene-
trating into the most remote and inaccessible regions of
the empire for the purpose of a census. While occupied
in exploring the sandjak (excavations) of Bosouk, on the
confines of Pontus, Cappadocia, and Galatia, Dr. Bran-
ner, whose attention was attracted by the bold and
curious passages opened into the living rock, was ace
costed by a villager who offered to show him things far
more interesting on the other side of the mountain if he
would trust to his guidance. After some hesitation, the
doctor armed himself and followed his guide, taking his
servant with him. Half an hour brought them round
the mountain; and then the doctor found himself, says
the narrative, in presence of the ruin of a considerable
town. These ruins are situated to the south-east of the
village of Yunkeui and to the north of the village of
Tschdpi, distant half a league from one another; and the
doctor's profound study of all the accounts, ancient and
modern, of Asia Minor furnish no trace by which he can
identify them. The side of the town is half a league in
length. It contains seven temples with cupolas and two
hundred and eighteen houses; some in good preserva-
tion, others half choked, others half choked up with
their own ruins and with vast fragments of rock detached
from the overhanging mountain. The houses have com-
partments of three, four, and six chambers—and the
temples are also flanked with chambers. The largest of
these edifices is twenty feet long by twenty-eight wide.
far as the ruins would permit the doctor to estimate
it, he conjectures the height of some of the temples to
be from twenty to thirty feet. There are traces of plas-
ter on the interior walls; but not an emblem or indica-
tion, says Dr. Brunner to suggest the origin or date of
the ruined city. All his inquiries on the subject pro-
duced from the natives no better answer than that these
Temains are " monuments of the infidels." Some old
men remember to have seen birds and trees painted in
fresco on the walls. Dr. Brunner proposes his deserted
esity as a puzzle for the archaeologist.—Athenctum.
MARTLEBONE VESTRY.—At a meeting of the
Marylebone vestry, held on Saturday, the Rev. Dr.
Spry in the chair, a communication was read from Mr.
C. Pearson (in answer to a letter directed to be for-
warded by the vestry), enclosing a copy of his report to
the Corporation of London on the subject of district
houses for the temporary reception of vagrants and other
destitute persons, and also a copy of a report relating to
a gaol for the confinement and laborious employment of
petty offenders, sturdy vagrants, and workhouse misde-
meanments. Mr. Joseph, in moving the thanks of the
vestry to Mr. C. Pearson, expressed his conviction that
there was a decrease in the number of vagrants. Mr.
Mitchie contended that there was a very large increase.
Mr. Broughton adverted to the opposite charges brought
against the police magistrates, of committing too many
vagrants and of not committing enough. When the par-
ties were old offenders he invariably committed them
to prison ; when he found they were poor fellows from
the country who had been dismissed from the railways
and had struggled up to seek employment, he dis-
missed them with a caution that, if found begging again,
they would be sent to prison. After some remarks from
the Rev. W. Williams the resolution was carried unani-
mously, and the vestry separated.
THE INCOME-TAX SCREW AT WORK.—The
-Leicester Mercury says—" Disorder, hurry, perplexity,
and distress have prevailed at Hinckley, during the last
day or two, amongst the poorer ratepayers, and all such
as are striving to keep their heads above water. This
has been owing to the vexatious manner in which the in-
come-tax papers have been served upon them. The said
papers did not arrive until late on Monday evening,
when some 500 had to be filled up by Messrs. Gillespie
and Law, which rendered it impossible for many of the
ratepayers to receive their notices until Wednesday
evening, the day of appeal at Market Boswoitliheing on
Friday. Many parties whose income is not half the
amount required by law have been served with these
irritating missives; others have been served with papers
charging them with taxes from income derived from the
occupation of land which they have ceased to occupy for
the last six years; and others have been charged more
for income than the amount of their rental. These par-
ties must either submit to be robbed of their hard-
earned substance, or be compelled to go to Market Bos-
worth to appeal, to the utter neglect of their pressing
business at home. The benefit, too, of the Act of Par-
liament, which gives ten days' notice before the day of
appeal, has been withheld from the inhabitants of Hinck-
ley, through the gross neglect of the assessor. It is pro-
bable that some 200 persons are placed in this awkward
predicament."
IMPORTATIONS OF POULTRY.—Large importations of
poultry are taking place from the Continent. The quality
of the turkeys imported from France is reported to be
excellent, although, generally speaking, not so large
and fine as those produced in England.
SHAKING THE COMMONWEALTH.—A constable in
Pennsylvania had served a legal precept of some sort on
a particular friend of his, who, greatly drank at the
time, rebelled against the law and its myrmidon, seizing
the officer, and shaking him almost to pieces. The par-
ties meeting him a few days after, Jim, the offender, was
profuse in his apologies. "You know, Jake," said he,
" I would not have served you so if I had been sober; it
was the whisky did it all." The officer at last mollified
and relented under Jim's expostulations. "As to the
shaking," said he, " I don't bear any malice, or vally it
a cent. on my own account; but as an officer, Jim, recol-
lect, whoever shakes me, shapes the commonwealth."-_
Pennsylvanian Fuzzyguzzy.
A burglary was committed on Sunday morning at
the house of Mr. Josephs, a jeweller and watchmaker,
near Zion Chapel, Waterloo-road. The family were
aroused by some neighbours, who saw the shop door
open, and it was found that the whole of the stock had
been stolen.

A COW HUNT.—On Thurs3ay, a cow undertook a
somewhat dangerous adventure, which terminated in the
life of the animal being taken. The cow left Johnstone's
byre in New street, and having got into the street, was
startled, and rushed down in the direction of the skew
bridge near that part. In the attempts of some parties
to check the animal, it got furious, and made a spring
amongst the workpeople of the North British Railway
Company. The whole of the operatives took to their
heels, but a policeman got the gate shut so as to prevent
the animal effecting an egress. Several consultations
took place amongst various individuals as to the most
expeditious
way of capturing the brute, but all attempts
were dexterously eluded. After about two hours spent
In attempting to get hold of the animal, which was now
in % violent state of excitement, Crearer, of the shooting
saloon, Was sent for, and after a favourable opportunity
presented, that individual rent several bullets through
the cow's head.—Edinburgh News.
The report from the Amsterdam Bourse gives a
favourable acconnt of the state of business in public se-
curities, which, although not very active, had sufficiently
increased to create a rise in some descriptions, while
others remained well supported.