The Sun.
London, England, 1841-10-02 00:00:00

upon the agricultural States, in which the inequali-
ties in the rates of exchange are most severely felt.
Nor are these the only consequences ; a resumption
of :specie payments by the banks of those States
would be liable to indefinite postponement—for, as
the operation of the agencies of the interior would
chiefly consist in selling bills of exchange, and the
[
purchases could only be made in specie or the notes
of banks paying specie, the State banks would either
have to continue with their doors closed,
or exist at the
mercy of this national monopoly of brokerage. Nor
can it be passed over without remark, that, whilst the
district of Columbia is made the seat of the principal
bank, its citizens are excluded from all participation in
any benefit it might afford, by a positive prohibition on
the bank from all discounting within the district.
These are some of the objections which promi-
nently exist against the details of the Bill ; others
might be urged of much force, but it would be
unprofitable to dwell upon them. Suffice it to add,
that this charter is designed to continue for tweakty
years without a competitor—that the defects to which I
have alluded, being founded in the fundamental law of
the Corporation, are irrevocable—and that if t4e objec-
tionswell-foundedi%t,.he it would be over-hazardous to pass
anxious solicitude to meet
tpi eo
en' fu,
l)
fl y a to
Fiscal say,
the wishes of Congress i
all . adoption of
that
hh et B
Ilbl lehiavteo afellat
constitutional objections,
In conclusion, I take
mostle.anv
etmheostadroes
conflicting opinions. Actuated by
should harmonize
readyto yield much, in a
this feeling, I have
been
inions of others. And
conciliation, to the op
spirit of
Agent, which, avoiding cons
time in the same Session.
differ from Congress a second
Session, inclined from
At the commencement of this.
will, I submitted to
it is with great pain that I now feel compelled to
choice to defer to the Legislative
a Fiscal Agent
Congress the propriety. of adopting,
which, without violating the
the Executive separate the public money from
con-
trol, perform the operations of the.
Treasury, without
onstitution, would
expensive to the Government. It is deeply
to be re-
gretted Government can-
being burthensome to the people, or inconvenient or
that this department of the
Legislative department in this last measure
proposedlnief
not, upon constitutional grounds, concur with the
space between the
to attain these desirable objects. Owing to the
Period of the death of my lamented
predecessor and my own installation into office, I was, in
u
fact, not left time to
=rePare and submit a definite re-
commendation of my own, hi my
regular Message; and
since, my mind has been 'wholly occupied in a most
anxious attempt to conform my action to the legislative
will.

In this communication, I am confined by the Con-
stitution to my objections, simply to this. Bill but the
period of the regular session will soon arrive, when
it will be my duty under another clause of the Con-
stitution "to give to the Congress information of the
state of the Union, and recommend to their consi-
deration such measures as I shall judge necessary
and expedient." And I most respectfully submit in a
spirit of harmony, whether the present difference of
opinion should be pressed farther at this time, and
whether the peculiarity of my situation does not entitle
me to a postponement of this subject, to a more aus-
picious period for deliberation. The two Houses of
Congress have; distinguished themselves at this ex-
traordinary Session, by the performance of an im-
mense mass of labour, at a season very unfavourable,
both to health and action ; and have passed many laws,
which I trust will prove highly beneficial to the interests
of the country, and fully answer its just expectations.
It has been my good fortune and pleasure -to con-
cur with them in all measures except this. And why
should our difference on this alone be pushed to ex-
tremes ? It is my anxious desire that it should not
be. I, too, have been burthened with extraordinary
labours of late, and I sincerely desire time for deep
and deliberate reflection on this the greatest diffi-
culty of my Administration. May we not now pause,
until a more favourable time, when, with the most
anxious hope that Congress and the Executive may
cordially unite, some measure of finance may be deli-
berately adopted, promotive of the good of our common
country ?
I will take this occasion to declare that the con-
clusions to which I have brought myself, arc those
of a settled conviction founded in my opinion on a
just view of the Constitution. That in arriving at it,
I have been actuated by no other motive or desire,
than to uphold the institutions of the country, as
they have come down to us from the hands of our God-
like ancestors—and that I shall esteem my efforts to
sustain them, even though I perish, more honourable
than to win the applause of men by a sacrifice of my
duty and my conscience. JOHN TYLE R.
Washington, Sept. 9, 1841.

CABINET RESIGNATIONS.
(From the New York Commercial Advertiser.)
Well : the evil hour has arrived. The machinations
of the conspirators who have been labouring for three
months past to separate the President from the Whis.;
party, and to drive from the public service " those ster-
ling patriots and sound-headed statesmen, whom public
sentiment and his own knowledge of their merit induced
the lamented Harrison to place in charge of the several
branches of the Executive Government," have been so
far crowned with success, that the Cabinet is broken,
Messrs. Ewing, Bell, Badger, and Crittenden sent in
their resignations on Friday, and successors in their
several departments were nominated to the Senate on
Saturday. The Madisonian of Saturday morning
states, as the impression then prevailing; that the Post
Master General would remain at the post which he has
filled with so much honor and general favor. But sub-
sequent advices assure us that in the course of Saturday,
Mr. Granger gave the President notice that his com-
mission would be placed at his disposal on Monday
(to-day).
Thus, of that Cabinet which was not only the pride of
the venerable patriot who formed it, but of the na-
tion, Daniel Webster only remains. His position,
it is not to be denied, is critical, but he does not
remain without having fully surveyed it, and calcu-
lated its responsibilities. We know, and he himself
knows, that he will be assailed for not having relin-
quished his post with his late associates. His motives
will be impeached by some and questioned by more. But
in the belief that duty to his country, in the present cri-
tical position of our foreign relations' requires him to
remain in his present position, at least for a time, at the
special and urgent solicitation of the President he will
remain. And those who know him need no assurance
that having arrived at a:conclusion founded upon the
basis of public duty, he will stand
Like Adis firm,
Though storm and tempest thunder on his brow,
And ocean roll her billows at his feet.

The determination of Messrs. Ewing, Bell, Badger,
and Crittenden to resign, was formed at a meeting on
Thursday evening, at which Mr. Webster was not pre-
sent. There was a wide difference of opinion among
the Whig members of Congress, as to the course Mr.
Webster ought to pursue. The younger and more ar-
dent politicians demanded his resignation also. Not so
the abler and more experienced men. Most, if not all,
of the Eastern Whig members, particularly from Mas-
sachusetts, as wenre advised, insisted on his remaining
in office. Mr. John Quincy Adams was particularly
urgent upon this point—believing, as he affirmed, that
the question of peace or war with England, in a measure,
hangs upon his continuance in the State Department.
The President himself is equally anxious upon this
subject.
For the present, therefore, at least, Mr. Webster re-
mains, being determined not to act rashly, or in any r% ise
to compromise the interests of the republic by a mea-
sure of mere party policy. And we have strong confi-
dence that time will show the wisdom of his determina-
tion. In this city, so far as we can gather the evidences
of public opinion, that opinion among those who have
substantial interests at stake, and who look more to the
welfare of the country than to the influences of party
politics, is strong and clear in favour of the course upon
which Mr. Webster has decided.

THE NEW CABINET.

(From the New York Commercial Advertiser of the
15th instant.)
Walter Forward, the new Secretary of the Treasury,
is a native of New England, but has long been a resi-
dent of Pittsburgh, in the State of Pennsylvania. He
is a lawyer of eminence, and some twenty years ago
was a member of Congress, supporting Mr. Crawford
for the Presidency, in the memorable contest which
resulted in the choice of Mr. Adams.—lt has been er-
roneously stated that Mr. Forward was a supporter or
General Jackson. Such was not the fact. He was a
stanch friend of the American protective system, and
his views upon the policy of standing by the great
manufacturing as commercial .interests of our own
country are unchanged. He was an able Member, and
we believe an officer of the late convention of Pennsyl-
vania, for reconstructing her constitution. He was ap-
pointed First Comptroller of the. Treasury by General
Harrison, and it is admitted on every hand that he pos-
sesses all the requisite qualifications for the head of the
Treasury Department.
Abel P. Upshur, of Virginia, is the new Secretary of
the Navy. He is a resident of Mr. Wises district, and
a warm personal friend of the President. He. has never
been in Congress, but as a Member of the Virginia 1.e..
gislature has often shown himself to be an able debater
and an acute reasoner. As a Member of the Virginia
Convention for re-modelling her State Constitution, in
1829—a body combining the highest talent of the State
—Mr. Upshur obtained a proud intellectual rank. In-
deed, the honour of the projet of the new Constitution,
and the " form and pressure " it received in the course
of the discussion thereon, are in chief due to him.
His labours were so well-directed and so efficient
in the Convention, that Mr. Madison, Mr. Monroe,
and John Itandolph, united in pronouncing him its
ablest Member. On the decease of Judge Barbour of the
Supreme Court, just at the close of Mr. Van Buren's
Administration, Mr. Upshur, then a Judge of the High
Court of Appeals of Virginia, was named as a suitable
candidate for the bench ; but being .a Whig, his high
claims were, of course, disregarded, and a mar. greatly
his inferior was appointed. Judge Upshur is an accom-
plished scholar ; and, as a political metaphysician of the
Virginia school, is said to be the greatest man at split-
ting a hair in the old dominion. But .as ropes and not
hairs are used in the navy, there will be little room for
the display of that sort of skill in that-department. We
regret deeply to part with George E. Badger ; but
" what must be, must ;" and we see no reason why Mr.
Upshur may not fill his place well.
John M'Lean, of Ohio, if he accepts, will be the new
Secretary of the War Department. This gentleman is
now one of the associate Justices of the Supreme Court.
He has been too long mid constantly before the public to
require an introduction, and yet we cannot consent to
pass him by in the new station to which he has been in-
vited, without notice. Twenty years ago he was ayoung
but able member of Congress from Ohio. In 1822 or
1823 he was called to the officeof Postmaster-General by
President Monroe, as the successor of the late Return
Jonathan Mein's. 'He was continued in that office
during the Administration of Mr. Adams, because of