The Sun.
London, England, 1847-09-24 00:00:00

the old Austrian MEPHISTOPHELES, Florence be-
held a scene such as her palaces and
basilicas have never looked down upon since the ex-
tinction of the Republic and the gradual subjugation
of her citizens. Could NICCHOLO MACCHIAVELLI
have "burst his cerements" and wandered that morn-
ing about the fair city whose fortunes hehisdelpibketreadl
with such a philosophic and poetic pen,
heart would have once more throbbed with hopes and
expectations—hopes more exalted and expectations
more rational than those experienced by him in the
gorgeous days of the Medicis. After centuries of
quiescence, the streets of Florence resounded with the
acclamations of citizens moving in procession, to the
measure of patriotic hymns, to offer a spontaneous
expression of homage and affection to a Sovereign
by whose voice they bad been manumitted, by
whose hands their chains had been broken
asunder, by whose edicts they had been summoned
to partake in the government and protection of his do-
minions. The description of this extraordinary spec-
tacle, such as has been since furnished by an eye
witness, may be regarded as the syllabus of a new
chapter in the history of the Florentine portion of the
Italian Peninsula. Although unaccustomed to the
free expression of their opinion, it would seem that
the multitude, during this memorable jubilation, main-
tained the most exemplary decorum, and that,' not-
withstanding the populace were excited to a state
bordering on delirium by the astonishing course of
recent events, not a single act of insubordination, not
a single instance of drunkenness, marred the harmony
of the popular festivity. Between 100,000 and
200,000 individuals, of all ages and of both sexes,
participated in the rejoicings of the Florentines, and
of those who, like the English visitors and the Ro-
magnesi, sympathised in the exultation of the people
of Tuscany. Tuscans, however, they must no longer
be designated. Italiani non Toscani 1 was one of the
expressive inscriptions upon the civic standards. As
the noble population, upon which he had bestowed so
much happiness by abolishing the most odious and
stringent of the restrictions imposed by his ancestors,
filed in a brilliant and multitudinous procession before
the Grand Duke LEOPOLD, his sentiments of liberality
must have been confirmed, and his eyes opened still
more to the policy of marching in the van of the
great popular movement throughout the Italian
principalities. The tapestried balconies, the
showers of roses and laurels, the glittering
costumes of the populace, the suburban ban-
ners, the silken splendour of the gonfalon, the
motley hues of the national tricolour—red, white,
and green— mingled with the favourite colours of
FERRETTI—orange and silver—must have dazzled
the imaginations of a people peculiarly affected by
the gauds of pomp and pageantry. The cordial
understanding visible among the clergy and civilians
as the bands of Florentine traders were mingled
with those of the secular priest in his sombre cas-
sock, the Benedictine in his serge gown, and the
Franciscan in his rope girdle, must have encouraged
those mainly animated by the ardour of patriotism.
The alternate shouts which rent the air—Viva Leo-
poldo Secundo—Viva Pio Nono—Viva l'lndependeza
d'ltalia must have enhanced the confidence
of those who were inspired by a newly
awakened earnestness in the cause of na-
tionality. To LEOPOLD himself, however, the prin-
cipal subject of consideration in the whole of this
striking- demonstration, from the moment when the
flags were solemnly blessed by the Archbishop in
the cathedral, to that when a murmur of a casa made
the concourse hasten homewards, must have been
the unwonted activity and the unprecedented hap•
piness which had evidently resulted from the liberal
measures conferred upon his people, in imitation of the
glorious policy commenced by the Sovereign PONTIFF.
This reflection must have filled the bosom of LEOPOLD
with fresh sentiments of admiration for that inaugu-
rator of Italian freedom—sentiments akin to those
which induced Colonel PETRONNET THOMPSON (the
Protestant son of a most Protestant father),
during a recent banquet of the Free-trade Congress
at Brussels, to demand a bumper " to our Pio Nono"
—sentiments such as those which caused General
BENTIVOGLIO to address thus the Pontifical troops at
Forli when alluding to their Sovereign, " May GOD
keep and protect him! Eternal honour to whomsoever
may serve him with zeal " While such feelings of
devotion have taken possession of the popular heart in
Piedmont, in Tuscany, in Lucca, in the Papal terri-
tories, in the Neapolitan dominions, and even in the
petty duchy of Modena (and this notwithstanding
the rigorous and bigotted opposition of the young
Grand Duke), it is frivolous to expeet anything like
a revival of Austrian influence in that peninsula.
Venetian-Lombardy must ultimately be affected by
the national tarantula, and march from under the
banners inscribed with the Austrian eagle to the
thrilling measure of RossiNfs Hymn. METTERNICH
may scheme and bluster, but Italy is already virtually
emancipated.

We are always gratified when recording the kindly
greetings, the tokens of mutual regard and confidence
that take place between a member of the Legislature
and the constituency by which he was selected to fill
so important a position. This is more peculiarly the
case when the connexion has subsisted for a series of
years and during several successive Parliaments,
when the trust reposed in him has been again and
(gain restored, and they have unhesitatingly replaced
it in his hands, by whom it was never violated or be.
trayed. These social gatherings and friendly meet-
ings of electors and their representative are at all
times valuable. On ordinary occasions, and when no
dissolution is contemplated, they afford the Member an
opportunity of explaining the manner in which he has
discharged the duties of his station, of vindicating his
conduct, if objected to in any respect, and of ascertaining
how far it has been approved of, and where and in
what respects it has been objectionable to those by
whose suffrages he was selected, and to whose gene-
ral feelings and wishes he is bound to give expression.
We do not desire that a Member of the Legislature
should be tied down or shackled with express pledges,
that he should be bound to pursue a particular course,
to vote in a particular manner under any circum-
stances that might arise, and from which there should
be no deviation. In such a case he would be a mere
delegate, and the most unreasoning blockhead would
he as useful a Member as the most able statesman.
Changes and alterations must take place. There is a
constant progression which must be regarded. What
at one period might be looked upon as a rash and
dangerous innovation, in a few months or years may
become a prudent and necessary reform, which it
would be as unwise to resist as it would previously
have been dangerous to advance. The most perfect
freedom of opinion should, therefore, be allowed.
The duty of the electors should be to select a person
whose
general political views coincide with their
own, who has; ability and power to give expression
to his feelings, and to understand the various argu-
ments that may be addressed on either side of a
question, and to come to a sound decision thereon ;
whose political integrity is such as to render it cer.
taro that no corrupt or improper motives will be
allowed to influence that decision, but that it will be
honestly and faithfully given to the best of his judg-
ment. If a change should take place in his prin-
ciples, if he should decide on quitting the ranks of one
of the great parties with whom he had formerly iden-
tified himself, and as a supporter of which he was
returned to Parliament, he should fully and candidly
explain the reasons of that change, and take the
sense of those by whom he was supported as to the
propriety of the course he had adopted, and be pre-
pared, if a large and influential portion of the body
were displeased and dissatisfied with his conduct, and
unwilling to retain him as their representative, to re-
sign his seat, and to afford them an opportunity of
obtaining a Member whose sentiments and opinions
were more congenial to, and better agreed with,
their own.

Elsewhere in The Sun will be found an account of
a banquet given by the electors of the borough of
Liskeard to their talented, consistent, and honest
representative, the Right lion. CHARLES BULLER, her
Majesty's Judge Advocate-General. In his case
there was no necessity for explanations. There was
no doubtful policy to be justified, no vote con-
trary to the wishes of those who sent him
to the Legislature. He had been but re-
cently before them, and they had for the fifth
time returned him by a large majority for the
borough which he had uninterruptedly represented
since the passing of the Reform Bill, a Bill which he
ha 4 moss strenuously supported, although the

borough of West Loo, for which he then sat, was
thereby disfranchised, the Right Hon. Gentleman
having, as he himself said, " consecrated the interests
of his family to the public good." His speech was
not, however, barren of interest. He traced the
growth and progress of Liberal opinions during their
alternate :elevation and depression, and he showed
how the temporary success of the Tories, in 1841, led
to the greatest triumph of the Liberal party, who saw
their principles adopted and their measures carried
into execution by the ablest and most intelligent of their
opponents, and by the honest and disinterested support
they were enabled to render thereto, proved their only
anxiety was for the public benefit, and that, being unin-
fluenced by private or personal considerations when
the interests of their country was at stake, they were
fitted for the station to which they were called by
their SOVEREIGN, with the assent and approbation of
her people. He showed the necessity for political
combinations, for what is called party, " where
men holding the same
_principles, and think-
ing that the same line of policy will bene-
fit the country, feeling confidence in each other,
are willing to waive minor differences to carry out the
great principles which they hold in common ;" and
also " that party became odious when its connecting
link was not the public good, but private gain." The
most cheering part, however, of the eloquent oration
was that in which he shadowed forth the reforms
which are still to be effected, when he spoke of the
noble career opened to an honest Government, whose
only object was the good of the people. With truth
he said, " that much is yet to be done in the reform
of our financial policy and the state of our laws"—the
laws which he designated as still a disgrace to the
country—both civil, criminal, and ecclesiastical. These
important topics, together with the state of Ireland, and
the sanitary measures, and others of deep and pressing
interest, afford an ample field for the Ministerial
labours, and from the manner in which the Learned
Gentleman, himself a member of that Ministry, spoke,
we may be assured that measures of enlarged and
comprehensive policy are at this moment contem-
plated by, and are under the consideration of the Go-
vernment. We heartily congratulate the Right Hon.
and Learned Gentleman on the compliment that has
been paid to him, and the constituency who have done
honour to themselves by the selectimi, and who have
secured the services of so consistent and enlightened
a politician, and so efficient a representative.

Letters from Constantinople of the 7th state that
the decree of the Porte refusing admission to the
Greek flag in Turkish ports was being carried into
rigorous execution, and that the Dardanelles and the
Bosphorus would be closed against Greek vessels
trading to the Russian ports in the Black Sea. It is
said that, notwithstanding the remonstrances of
France, a Papal Nuncio will be accredited to the
Sublime Porte, in which case the POPE would of
course assume the protectorship of the Eastern
Roman Catholics, which France has so long arro-
gated to herself.

A letter from St. Petersburgh states that the EM-
PEROR has just determined on a measure which will
be of great utility to men in business. He has
ordered the bank to advance notes to all corn-mer-
chants to the extent of half the value of their stock.
It is supposed that this proceeding will tend to relieve
the money-market, which has of late been exceed-
ingly heavy.
A letter from Warsaw of the 12th says—
" The cholera has made its appearance at Kieff,
and is advancing rapidly towards the West. The
Prince of Warsaw summoned several medical men
of that city to wait on him, in order to decide on the
best measures to be taken under the circumstances.
An order was immediately issued to prepare tempo-
rary hospitals and lazarettos. The soldiers have
been furnished with warmer clothing. The camp
which was established in the neighbourhood of that
city has been raised. The Czar, who had set out on
his voyage of inspection, at once proceeded to Kieff
on hearing the first intelligence of the appearance of
the cholera. He is expected here about the middle
of next month. Typhus fever is prevalent in Po-
land, and carries off whole families. The poorness
of their food is considered to be the cause of this
visitation."

The Ardent steam-packet, which arrived at Mar-
seilles on the 22d from Malta, brings intelligence of
the death of COLETTI, the Prime Minister of Greece.
GLARAKI, Minister of Public Instruction, holds the
portefeuille of Foreign Affairs ad interim, and if the
French interest prevails, will probably be appointed
to the Presidency of the Council. The Bavarian
party, which has hitherto been united with the
French, have put forward REGA PALAMIDI for the
Presidentship, and CHRISTIDI for Foreign Affairs.
This rivalry will probably break up the coalition
which supported COLETTI, in which case, as neither
party will be able to command that majority which
in the Chamber supported COLETTI, a dissolution will
probably take place. At all events, the death of
COLETTI will almost certainly lead to a break up of
the Ministry, and so far to the advantage of Greece ;
for a more corrupt and anti-national Ministry
could scarcely be nominated. It was re-
ported that General GRIZZIOTIS had died of
his wounds at Scio, but the report did not obtain
much credit. His followers, to the amount of 2,000,
were still under arms against the Government in
Euboea, and an insurrection has broken out in
Etolia, where the Government troops have been de-
feated. The Vanguard, Albion, and Rodney, British
ships of the line, continue in Phalerian Bay ; whilst
the Inflexible, French ship of the line, bearing the
flag of Vice-Admiral Ilsalloux (ex-aide-de-camp to
the Prince DE JOINVILLE, who arrived on the 29th
of August, in the Cacique, steam-frigate, to relieve
Admiral TURPIN), with the Pluton and Rubis, war
steamers of the same nation, are at the Piraeus, with
the Austrian brig of war Delfino, the Sardinian brig
of war Eridano, a Russian schooner of war, and the
Greek brig of war Minerva.

The Piedmontese Gazette of the 16th brings the
intelligence that Sicily was " perfectly tranquil,"
and that the grand fête of Pie di Grotta had been
celebrated at Naples, without calm being troubled
for a single instant. A letter from Messina of the
11th, addressed to a merchant at Lyons, states that
order had been established for some days previously,
both in that place and in Calabria. The intelligence
from Rome is unimportant. The newspaper La Pal-
lade states that the French steam-frigate, the Ante-
lope, commanded by M. D'ALTEYRAC, had cast
anchor off Civita Vecchia. It was, it was said, to
remain at the disposal cf the French Ambassador at
Rome. The latest advices from Tuscany represent
that public opinion was greatly occupied with the
organization to be given by the Government to the
National Guard.

That exquisite specimen of Bourbon faith and
Bourbon honesty, the Duke of LUCCA, has run off to
Milan with all the plate he could lay his hands on.
This plunderer of silver candlesticks on his arrival
within the Milanese territories protested against the
concessions he bad made to his people, and appointed
a Regent.

in.
The British fleet at Malta, under the command of
Sir W.PAarceu, consists of the Hibernia, 120 ; Tra-
falgar, 120; Superb, 80 ; and Gladiator steam-
frigate.

Madrid journals of the 17th instant have arrived.
It was rumoured in QueenMadridthatery wa Ctilo paRISSTIN.
had arrived at Bordeaux, on h
This report had created great excitement, and it was
said that the Government had dispatched orders to
the frontiers by telegraph, prohibiting any member
of the Royal Family from entering Spain without the
express permission of the QUEEN.
The Eco del Comercio states that the military
conspiracy at Pampeluna, the discovery of which we
announced yesterday, was for the purpose of deposing
the QUEEN, and proclaiming a ',regency composed of
the KING CONSORT, NARVAEZ, and CASTANOS. GON-
zarsz BRAVO has, it is said, arrived at Pampeluna.
A Madrid letter of the 17th says —" It is re-
ported that the Progressists are dissatisfied with what
they call the half-measures of the new Cabinet, and
that in a few days, if more decided steps in a liberal
sense be not adopted by the Ministers, the Progressist
journals will unanimously attack them. Notwith-
standing the authorised denial of the Madrid Gazette,
tthaat Mr. BULWEE had made accusations against cer-
GpAa,r party
thepersisted
Deputy
for
Ah
Senor
in
EAEAz N
the personsait of
conspiring against the QUEEN, many of
v
in theassertion.va,h
as
authori-
tativelye report that troubles contradicted th had
broken out in that
province.

The Faro and the Herald° continue their attacks
on Mr. BULWER, on England, on ESPARTERO, on the
QUEEN, on the Ministry, in fact, on everything and
everybody save the mild NARVAEZ, the honest GUIZOT,
the open-hearted LOUIS PHILIPPE and the most
virtuous CHRISTINA. The public feeling of Spain,
however, is net with them, and addresses of thanks
to the QUEEN for the recal of ESPARTERO are pouring
in from the various cities and towns of every
province of the kingdom.
MADRID BOLSA, SEPT. 17.—The Three per Cents.
were done at 26 3-16 for cash; the Four per Cents. at
164 ; the Five per Cents. at 17i ; the Debt without
Interest at 5i ; and the Coupons at 14.

We yesterday announced that the KING of the
FRENCH had nominated M. GUIzOT President of the

Council.

The Journal des Debats thus announces the resig-
nation of Marshal SOULT and the appointment of M.
Guizor :—" Marshal SouLT has just addressed a
letter to the KING, praying him to accept his resig-
nation of the functions of President of the Council.
In this letter the illustrious chief of the Cabinet of
the 29th of October sets forth that, after having
served the State for sixty-four years, he demands
from the KING the permission to take the repose
which he has merited by such long and glorious
services. The KING, not without manifesting the
profound regret which he felt at the separation, did
not think it right to oppose such a legitimate wish,
so nobly expressed. He, therefore, accepted the re-
signation of Marshal SouLT. In consequence, the
limo has signed an ordinance, which confers on M.
GUIZOT the title of President of the Council."
The Moniteur publishes the royal ordinance, which
is as follows :

"Louis Philippe, King of the French. To all pre-
sent and to come, greeting have ordained and
do ordain as follows Guizot, our Minister Se-
cretary of State for Foreign Affairs' is hereby nomi-
nated President of our Council of Ministers, in the
place of the Marshal Duke de Dalmatie, whose resig-
nation is accepted. Art. 2. Our Keeper of the Seals,
Minister Secretary of State of the Department of Jus-
tice and Worship, is charged with the execution of
the present ordinance.—Done at the Palace of St.
Cloud, Sept. 19."
The ordinance is countersigned by M. HEBERT,
Minister of Justice. The Moniteur also contains the
letter written by Marshal SOULT to the KING, which
it precedes with these lines :

" The King, who will always entertain a profound
sentiment of the great services which the Duke de
Dalmatie has rendered him, and of the faithful attach-
ment of which he has given him so many proofs, has
only accepted with sensible regret his resignation of
his functions of President of the Council of Ministers,
which the Marshal has just addressed to him in a let-
ter full of dignity and patriotism."
The letter is then given as follows :
" Soultberg (Tarn), 15th September, 1847.
" Sire,—l was in the service of my country sixty-
three years ago, when the old monarchy was still
standing, before the first dawnings of our national
revolution. A soldier of the Republic and lieutenant
of Napoleon, I have taken part without ceasing in
the immense struggle for the independence, the
liberty, and the glory of France, and I was among
those who sustained it till the last day. Your Majesty
deigned to believe that my services might be useful to
the new and not less patriotic struggle which God and
Francs have called on you to sustain for the firm
establishment of our constitutional order; and I render
thanks to your Majesty for it. It is the honour of my
life that my name thus occupies a place in all the la-
bours, warlike and pacific, which have assured the
triumph of our great cause. The confidence of your
Majesty sustained me in the last services that I endea-
voured to render. My devotedness to your Majesty and
to France still exists as strongly as ever ; but I feel that
my strength is not equal to it. Let your Majesty
permit me to devote what strength remains to me to
repose and reflection, now that I hare arrived at the
end of my laborious career. I have devoted to you,
Sire, the activity of my latter years—give me the
repose of my old services, and permit me to place at
the foot of your Majesty's throne my resignation of
the Presidency of the Council with which you deigned
to invest me. I shall enjoy this repose in the midst
of that general security which the great wisdom of
your Majesty has assured to France, and to all those
who have served her, and love her. My gratitude for
the goodness of your Majesty, my wishes for your
prosperity and of your august family, will accompany
me in that repose to my last day, and will not cease
to equal the unchangeable devotedness and the pro-
found respect with which I have the honour to be,
Sire, your Majesty's most humble and most obedient
servant,
" Marshal Due DE DALMA.TIE:'

The Union Monarchique speculates at considerable
length on the consequences of the return of General
NARVAEZ to Paris, but inasmuch as the General
NARVABZ who has returned to Paris is General
FRANCISCO NARVAEZ, a general of the old Spanish
army, and not General RAMON NARVAEZ, Duke of
Valencia, we need not notice more particularly the
speculations of the Union Monarchique.
The polemic between the Journal des Dgbais and
the Opposition papers on the subject of the ap-
pointment of the Duke D'AUMALE to the Governor-
Generalship of Algeria is continued, but no new
argument appears to be advanced on either side.
It is said that the Duke DE Nzmoußs will accom-
pany the Duke D'AUMALE to Algeria.

The following announcement of the defeat of ABD-
EL-KADER by the Moors appears in the Debats :
"A letter from Gibraltar of the 11 th confirms the
recital of the recent events in Morocco which we gave
yesterday. The Hachems and the Beni-Amers have
been exterminated, without the Emir, Abd-el-Kader,
whom they were about to rejoin, being able to render
them any assistance, and he himself was attacked by
the Berkekes, or Kabyles of Morocco, and con-
strained to evacuate the provinces of the Rif, where
for nearly two years his power equalled that of the
Emperor. At one time the Moors at Gibraltar, of
whom numbers, entertained serious
apprehensions
thereareas
to the heconsequences which might
ensue should Abd-el-Kader obtain a special advan-
tagebut on the 1I th
their
overfears
rtsh e
were
Emperor's
dissipated, troops ;letters of the 4th
having reached them from Fez, announcing
the destruction of the
.Algerian tribes which
had emigrated, and the flight of Abd-el-Kader.
It appears that after the extermination of the Beni-
Amers:jai Prince, Sidi
m and the
ahhrahied,Hac
and
hishekma4the m
l,alradps
ii,
profiting by the
terror
andAbd-el-Kader
uniting numerous
contingents
edthbythtehiart ecterxhhpus,tinhoad,
beaten
in the direction of Taza; that Abd-el-Kader then re-
treated in the Rif to the country of the Beni Saidt,
and had been pursued there, and conquered or be-
trayed by the Beni Omanis, with whom he had left a
depot ; that, after these diflerent checks, he sought
refuge in the desert of Angad, on the right bank of
the Malonia. He was represented to be seriously
wounded, and a rumour was even current of his
death ; but it was promptly denied. The prestige of
Abd-el-Kader in Morocco is half destroyed; the
quality of Mussulman and of a true believer no longer
protects the Algerians of the Emir ; the goums of
Morocco march against them at the voice of the son
of the Emperor ; a cry of war against the foreigners,
arises in the heart of the empire from Taza to Fez.
The Rif itself begins to throw off the yoke of the
Emir. Conquered for a moment, the Emir
only finds in his retreat enemies attracted
by the hope of pillage. Abd-el-Kader, who is
fecund in resources, intrepid and obstinate in his am-
bition, will, however, probably recover from this
check, and we shall not be surprised to see him re-
appear hereafter, to tempt fortune once more. But
if the facts be such as they are stated to be at this
moment, it will be very difficult for him to re-esta-
blish again that extraordinary positionin Morocco
which he had made for himself at the period at which
Europe and Africa believed him sufficiently powerful
to dethrone Abderrhaman. The Emperor, as we have
already stated, is at this moment at Rabat, occupied
in putting down some rebellious tribes, after which
he will proceed to Fez with his army. The prince,
his son, commands a camp which covers the city of
Taza, of which Abd-el-Kader never obtained pos-
session. Perhaps we shall soon learn that the prince
has made an advance towards the Rif. The letter
from Gibraltar, from which we quote these facts,
states that the dread of war had suspended all com-
mercial affairs at Fez, but that since the retreat of
Abd-el-Kader they had resumed their activity."
It is said that Marshal SOULT has refused the ap-
pointment of Governor of the Invalides.

Mdlle. DE LUZ; will, it is said, be speedily re-
stored to liberty.
The Toulonnais, in announcing the departure on
the 18th, of the steamer Cerbere for Tripoli, says—
" The coast of Barbary is still, or. the part of our
Government, the object of an active surveillance."
The KING and Royal Family arrived at Compeigne
on Monday.
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse
on Wednesday at 75f. 65c. ; the Five per Cents., 114 f.
95c. ; the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,157 f. 50c, ;
Rouen, 917 f. 50c.; Havre, 545 f. ; Great Northern,
518 f. 75c. ; Avignon, 535 f. ; Vierzon, 541 f. 25c. ;
Bordeaux, 432 f. 50c.; Basle, 160 ; Paris and
Strasbourg, 3754; Tours and Nantes, 352 f. 50c.;