The Sun.
London, England, 1823-01-04 00:00:00

AMERICA.

'WASHINGTON, .DECE:MBER
This day the Presidetif-of the United States
rangrnitted to both Ilonses.of Congress the fol.-.
itigow

111ESSAOIL
Fellow Citi.l,xs of the
.S.:7tate and .11Juse of Reprelentatlves,

Many causes unite to Make your present meiting pednliarly
interesting to our constituents. The operation of our law, on
the various subjects to which they apply, with the amendments
which they occasionally require, imposes, annually, an impor-
tant duty on the Representatives of a freepeople. Our system
has happily advanced to such maturity; that I an not aware
that your cares, in that respect,; will be augniented. Other
causes exist which are highly inteuts:ting to the Whole civilized'
world, and to no portion of it more so, in certain views, than to
the United States. Of these causes, • and of their-bearing on
the intejests of our Union, I shall communicate the sentiments
which I have formed with that freedom which kt sena* of duty
dictates, It is proper, however, to invite your attention, in the
first instance, to those concerns- respecting • which legislative
provision is thought to be particularly urgent. , •.: ,• --
On the Nth of June last a Convention of navigation and,
commerce was concluded, in this city, bet Ween tie United
States and France, by ,Ministers 'duly atrthorized for the
purpose. The sanction of the Executive havieg,been given:
to this convention, under a conviction that, taking all its
stipulations into View, it rested essentially on a bask of
reciprocal and equal advantage, I deemed it. my .duty.. in
complianCe with the authority vested in the Executive, ,by,-the
second section of the Act of the last Session, of the 6th of
May, concerning_ navigation, , to suspend, by, proclaination,
until the end of the next Session of Congress, tlWwera.
tion of the Act, entitled " An Act to impose a new tonnage
duly on French ships and vessels, and for other purposca," and
to suspend, likewise, all other duties on French. vessels.' or. the
goods imported in them, which exceeded the duties on Ameti-
Can vessels,, and on similar goods imported in them. . I. shall
submit this Convention forthwith to the Senate for its advice
and consent as to the ratification.

Since your last Session, -the prohibition which had been
posed on the commerce between the United States end the Pri..
tish Colonies in the West , Indies and on this. Continent„ has
likewise been removed. Satisfactory evidence having been ad-
duced that the_ports of these Coloniee had been opank'd. to-the.
vessels of the United States by an,A et of the 11,044...jh5e11e.•
ment, bearing date on the' 4th June last, on the Conditions ape-,
citied therein, I deemed it proper, in compliance: witlfehe pro.
Vision of the first section of theActof the.last Section ebtivere-
cited, to declare, by proclamation, bearing date on the 24t1tuf
August last, that the ports of the United. States should thence-
forward, and until the .end of -tlicenext•Seeelon,of Coligress, -be
open to the vessels of Great Britain employedin that,tradeeam,
dcr the limitation specified in that. prochiMatipti.
A doubt was entertained whether the Act of Coregressapplied
to the British Colonies on this continent, as well as to .thozie. In
the West Indies, but, us Ate Act of Parliament opened Ow in-
tercourse equally Itit both, • and it was the manifest intention ;ri
Congress, as well as the obvious policy of .the-United.States,
and as also the Act of Cougrees was supposed to yeet.in tho Pre-
sident some discretion in the execution of it, I thought it advis-
able to give it a corresponding construction.. ' • • • •
ShoUld. the constitutimial,sanction of the Semite begiven, to
the ratification attic tAntventimi with FranCe, legislative provi-,
*ion will he necessary to carry it sufficiently into offset, as it
likewise will be to continnejn foreo, on such eunditiumasseiney--
be deemed .jnst and proper the intercourse which has,bera,
opened between the United State--; and the British Colonies.
Every light in the possession of the Executive, will, in due time.
be communicated on both subjects. •
Resting essentially on a basis of reciproeal and equal ad van-
tago; it has been the object of the Executive, in • transactions
with other powers, to meet the propositions of each withat Jibe-.
ril spirit, believing that thereby the interest of our country
would. be most -eireetually promoted. This course has been
systematically pursued in the lute occurrences with-Fiance-.and
(;rent Britain, and in strict accord with the views of thv,Jeee
gislature. A confident-here is entertaied, thitt, by the ar-
rangement. thus commenced with each, all ditrerences,respect-
ing navigation and commerce with the Olin:lions in question
will he adjested, and a solid foundation be laid thr an active,
and permanent intercourse, which will.prove egnally'adviitize.-
geous to both parties.
The decision of his Imperial .113jes•):ihe tuiperor of Russia,
on the question submitted •to him by the United States and
Greet Britain, concerning the construction of the First Article
of the Treaty of Ghent, has been received. Convention has
since been conclpded between the parties, under the inedieti,
, of his Imperial' Majesty? to prescribe the Mode by which that
Article shall be carried into effiect, in conformity with that de,
vision. I shall submit this Convention to the Senate ter its ed.
vice and Consent, as to the ratification, aed it' obtained, shall
immediately bring the subject before Congreas,.for.such
provi-
sionsns may require the interposition of the. Legislature.
In compliance with an Act of the last SeSsitin, 4:territorial
government has been established in Florida, on the prineiples
this Act. the inhabitants arc secured in the
of our
etiiov system.n
euts oTtheir rights and liberties, and to admission
into the Union, with • equal participation in. the Oovernnient
with the original States, on the condition heretolbre prescribed
mother territories. By a du* in the ninth Artiele of the
Treaty with Spain,' by which. that' territory was ceded to the
United States, it is stipulated • that satisfaction shall be made
for the injuries, it' any, which, by process of law, shall be este-
, Wished to have been suffered by the Spanish Officers, and in-
dividual Spanish inhabitanti, by , the late operations of our
troop' in Florida: NQ provisions •haVing. yet been • made to
carry that stipulation into erect, it is aftmitted to the consi,
titration of Congress, whether it,will not be proper to vest the
competent power in the District-Court at Pensacola, or in some
tribunal, to be specially oiTanized for the purpoec.
The fhical operations of the year 'have been more successful
than had been anticipated. at the commencement 'of the last
Session or Congress.
The receipts into the Treasury:during the three first quarters
of the year have exceeded the sum of- tome= millions seven
hundred and forty-five thousand dollen+. , 'rite payments made
at the Treasury during the same period have exceeded twelve
minions two hundred and seventy-nine thousand dollars •, leaV-
ing the Treasury on the 30th day of September last (including
one million one hundred and sixty-eight thousand five Imitated
and ninetyetwo dollars and twenty-four cents., which were
in the Tresury on the Ist day of January. last), a snit.' ex-
ceeding four millions one hundred and twenty-eight thousand
dollars... •

Besides discharging all demands for the current service of the
year, including the interest anti 'reimbursement of the public
debt, the six per eant. stock of 1196, amounting to 80,800 dollais,
has been redeemed. It is estitnated that, after defraying the
current expences of the present quarter, and mkt rung the two
millions of six per cent. stock of 1820, there will remain in the
treasury,. on the first day of January next, nearly three mil,
lions of dollars. It is estimated that the gross 4tUOUllt, of du.
ties which have been secured, from the Ist of ;January to the
30th of September last, has exceeded 9,500,000 dollars, anti the
amount for the whole year will probably not fall shell .of
23,000,000 of dollars.

Of the actual force in service under the present military esta-
blishment, the posts at which it is stationed, and the condition
of each post, a report from the Secretary of War, which is now
communicated, will give a distinct idea. By like reports, the
state of the Academy at West Point will be seen, as well as the
progress which has been made in the fortifications along the
toast, and at the national artuourks and arsenals.
The position on the. Red River, and that at the Sault Of St. Ma-
rie, are the only new posts that have been taken. These posts,
with those alread-
,r occupied in the interior, arc thotight to be
well adapted to the protection of our frontiers. AU the force
not placed in the garnsons along the coast, and in the owl.:
mince depths, and indispensably necessary there, is placed on
the frontiers.

The Organizatien of the several corps composing the ftrrny is
such as to admit its expansion to a great extent, in case of
emergency, the officers currying with them all the light which
they possess to the new corps to which they it ti,,;ht beappointed.
With the organization of the Staff, there is equal cause to be
satisfied. By the. concentration of every branch, with its 4-.ldef
this city, :in the the,
of the Depart*t, and with 41 grade
in the chief Military station, to keep alive and cherish a military
spirit, the greatest promptitude in the execution of orders,
.with
thogreatest economy and efficiency are secured. The same view

isrtaken of the Military Academy. Good order is preserved in
it, and the youth Lire well instructed-in every science-connected
with the areat-objects of the . institution. - They are also well
trained and disciplined in the-practical parts of the profession.
It has always • been found- difficiilt to control the- ardour inse-
parable: from tiutt early age, in such manner as to give it a pro-
per direction. The rights of - manhood are too often claimed,
prematurely, in pressing which..too far,the respect. which is due
to age. and. the 'obedience necessary ton course of study. and
Stractioa in-every Such institution, -are sometimealost sight of.
The..gxeat objeet to be accomplished is the restraint of that
ardour by such wise. regulations and government as, by direct-.
inlwall the energies of the youthful mind to the attainment 'of
Useful knowledge, will keep it within a just subordination, and
at the same time elevate it to the highest purposes. This ob-
ject`. seeritic to be essentially obtained in this Institution, anti
with great advantage to the Mon. •
. ;De :klilitary Academy forms ;he. basis, in regard to science,
oiiithich the military-. establishment rests. It .furnislief an-.
nuttily, after due examination, and on the reLiort.of the Aratle-
rnic.Stalf, many well-informed youths,. .66-vacancies
which occur in the several corps of dip army, while others, who
retire to private life, .carry with them such attainments, • as,
under the righteeserved to the several States to appoint the of-
ficers and to train the Militia, will enable them, by affording a
wiLler field for'seleetiOn, to promote the great object of the power
vested in Cdlieress, of providing for organiiing, arming, and
disciplining the militia. Thus,. by thamiutual and harmonious
co-operation of the two Governments in the execution ofa power
divided iTetween them, an object always to he cherished, the at-
tainment of a great result, on-which our liberties may depend,
cannotfail-to be secured. 1 have to add, that in proportion as
our regular force is small, should the instruction and discipline
of the militia, the great resouree on which we rely, be pushed
to the utmost extent that circumstances will admit.

R.,..ptirt from the Secretary of the Navy will communicate'
the progress whidt his been made; in the construction of vessels'
of war, with odwr interesting details, respecting the actual state
of the :fli:irs of that department. It, has been found necessary,
fin' the protection 'of our commerce, to maintain •the'tnival
squadron orr the itlediterranean, .the Pacific, and tho Atlantic
coost;extentling dlecruizera of the latter into the West Indies;
where piraey; organized into a system, has preyed on' the com -
tnelte ,of every country. trailing thither.. A cruizer has also-
been maintained on the coast of.Afriea, when the season will
permit for the suppression of the Slaye_Trade t and orders baye
been j ren to th6,CorminnAlm of Ourlaiblie ships, to seize Mir
Own vcasebt, shouhl, they find any. engaged in that trade, and to'
bring them in for. adjudication.
In the West Indies piracy is of recent date, which may cz-
phillt the cause why otherpowers have not combined against it.
v the documents.communicated it,will be seen that the etforta
of ;hc Vnited States to suppress it have had a very salutary
effect: • The lieneVolent provisions'of the Act, under wideh the
protection.has,heen,extended alike, to the commerce of other
nations, cannot fail to be duly appreciated by them.
In compliance, with the act of the last Session entitled, "An
Act to 'abolish' the United States' Trading Establisimtents;"
agents were immediately appointed and instructed, under the
direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, to close the business
of the trading houses among the Indian tribes, and to tile
accounts of the . factors and 'sub-factors engaged. in that trade,
and to cwcute, fdl other respects, the injunction's of that act,
in the mode prescribed therein. - A finatreport of their pro-
ceedings aball Coonnonieatt.d. to Congress as soon as it is
received.

it is with Brent regret that I have tostate that a• serious maletly
haw 'deprived Mt ot many valuable -eitizen'S at Pensacola; -and
checked the progess of some of those arrangements.Whie are
important to, the territory. This effect has been .sonsibly felt in
respect-to the Indians who inhabit that territory, consisting of
the remnant& of several tribes .who occupy the middle, ground
between St.-Augustine and Pensacola, with extensive claims,
but. nriletined boundaries. 'Althotigh peace i.preserved with
those'lntlians,•pit-theirpositiono and claims tend essentially to
interrupt die intercourse between the
,eastern and western parts
ot'tie t..tritery,on Which our inhabitants are principally settled.
t esgt:ntial to the Lmiwth and prosperity of the territory, as
Well as to the inlet course of the Union, that these Indiana
should be removed, by special complies with thent,- to some
other Position, or concentrated within narrower limits where
they are. With the limited means in the power of the Execu..
tive, instructions were given to the tiovemor to accomplish this
Object., se far us it mietht be practicable, whieh was preVented
by the distressing malady referred to.- To carry • it fully, into
itßet in either mode,. additional .6,414 be necessary, to the
provision of which the powers eftongrees alone are competent,
With n-view to stich provision as may be deerned proper, the
Subject is submitted 'to your consideration, unit hi the interim,
further proceedilees are suspended.
It appearing Wet so notch of the net, entithd ".An Act re.
garding the sue of' the army," which passed on thel4th
Vila, as :elates to the. commissariat, will expire in April next,
and the•praetical 'operation of that depertment 'having evinced
itA 47. at utility; the propriety. of its renewal is submit tett to your
consitleedion.
The
View which has been taken of the probable peothictive-
4ess of the lead urines,. connected with the importance of the
material to the public defence, makes it expedient that .they
Should be managed with peculiar hare. It is therefore seggest-
ed whether' it will not comport with the public interest to pro-
vide by-law: for the • appointinebt of an agent skilled in mine.
rangy, to Stlptlillteini them, under the direction of the proper
department.
- It is ,ututemtood that the Cumberland road, which was eon.
strutted at a great expellee, has already stittileti from the want
of that regular supertnteodetiee, atal of those repairs, which
are indispensable to the preservation of such a work. .'This
road isof incalculable advantage, in facilitating the intercourse'
between the Western und.. the Atlantic States. Through the,
whole country, *on% the nothrrn extremity of Lake Erie to the
ltliesissippi, and from ell the waters which empty into each,
finds an easy and direot communieatkn to the seat of Govern.
ment, tutu thence to the Atlantic. The facility •which it tifibrds
to all military and corimiercial operations,.`and also to those of
the post-office department, cannot lie estimated too
This great work is likewise nn orteunent and an honoor to- the
nation. Believing that a competent pnwer to adopt , and exc.
cute a system of internal improvement. has not been granted to
Congress, but that such ,tower, conilllo to greet national .
purposes, and withproper'lnnitarioaa, Weeld be peoductive of
eminent advanutge to our, Union, I have, ..tiought it adVisable.
that an ameudinent of the Constitution to that eifeet should be
reeommendtil to the States. ;A 13111 which assumed the right
to adopt and execute such a systent having been presenttd for-
ixty signature, at the last Session, I was compelled, from the
view which I hail taken of the powers of the General Govern-
ment, to negative it, on which occasion I thought it proper to'
counnunicate tho.sentiinents, which I,had . comet!, .on, mature
• considerationeen the whole subject. To that cduntimnication,
in all the Views in which the great interest to which it Menet,
may be supposed to merit your attention', I have now to
refer. Should Congress, however, deem it improper to re.
e)liimend such an amendment, they have, aceording to my
judgment, the right to keep the road it; repair, by pro_
riding for the superintendence of it, and appropnating the
money necesesary for repairs.. Surely, if they had the .right
to appropriate money to make the road,. they have a right to
appropriate it to preserve the road - front ruin. From the ex-
ereiSe of 7 this power no danger is to be apprehended. Under
our happy system, the people .are the sole, and exclusive foun-
tain of power. Each government originates front them, and to
them alone, each of its prom constimenta, are they r, sp etive--
ly anti solely responsible, for . the, faithful discharge of their
duties, within their constitutional limits. And' that the people
will confine their Oldie agents, of every station, to the strict
line of their constittitienal duties, there is tut rause to doubt.
llavin •, h6wevers• communicated my sentiments 'o ("mg-fess,.
at the test SesSion, fully, in the document to which I have
referred,- respecting the right of appropriation, a- distinct from
the right of Arisdiction and sovereignty over the territory in
question; 1 deem it improper to-enlarge on the subject here.
Fromlite.best informauon-that 1 havebeen able to obtain, it
appears that our manufactures, though depressed intniediately.
after the peace, have considerably increased, and are still in-
creasing, under the encouragement given thent by the tariff' of
11116, .anti by subsequent lawa. Satisfied 1 am, whatever *Tiny
bee the abstract doctrine in favour of unrestricted commerce,
provided all nations-Would concur in it, and it was nut liable to
be interrupted-by war, _which has never occurred, and cannot
be expected, -,that there. are other strong reasons applicable to
our situation, and relations with otht.reCtltltrii,S, Much impoee
on its the obligntion- to - cherish and sustain our manufactures.
Satisfied, however, I likewise Inn, that the Orwrest .of every
part of our 1 rni,n, even of those mom benefitted by nuttnithe•.
titre's, fetiches that this subject should be to netted with the
greatest . caution, andea. critical knowledge. of thteelreet tobe
-produced by the slightest change. On roll consideration of the
'subject, in all its relations; lain persuaded, that a f k erthee au
• •mennitionmay new be made. of the duties on- certain foreign

articles, in filter of our own and without affecting injuriously
any other interest. For more precise details, I refer you to
the communicatioes which were made to congress during the,
last Session.
So great was the amount of accounts for monies :advancitte
dining the late war, in addition to othe of a previous date
which, in the' regtdar operations of the Government, necessarily,
eentained unsettled, that- it -required a considerable length a
time for their adjustment. By a report from the Find,
troller of the Treasury, it appears that on the 4th of Alum))
1817, the accounts then Unsettled amounted to one hundid
and three millions sixty-eight thousand eight hundred and se.
venty-six dollars and-forty-one cents, of which, on the 30th
SepteMber of the resent yeer, ninety-three millions one hun-
dred and severity-hve thousand three hundred and ninety-itix
dollars and fifty cents hattAkeneettled, leaving on that dart
balance unsettled of nine millions eight hundred end ninety.:
three thousand fourhu ndreil and severity-nixie dollars and eightye
five cents. That there have been drawn from the Treasury, in
.
paying the detn; Aug :sF,tamong the, wren-anent mall
its operations acid ills tirseinentie, 'Once the 4th of Al arch. 11117 I
one hundred and lifty:seven naions qne hnndred and ninety-
ninetthousend three hundred and eiglity.dollers and ninety-
six cents, the accounts for which have . .hettn !settled to the
amount of one hundred and thirty-seven millions five hundred
and one thousand four hundred and fifty-one &diets and twelve
Bents ; leaving a balance unsettled of nineteen millions six huns
tired and ninety-seven thousand. nine hundred and twenty-nine
dollars • and eighty-four cents: For precise details respecting
each of these balances, I refer to.the report of the comptroller*
one, the documents which accompany it.
Front this view it appears that our commercial differences
with France and Great Britein have been placed in a train of
amicable arrangement*, ennonditions fair and honourable, in
both instances, to each party ; that our finances are in a very
productive state ;• our revenues being at present fully compee-
tent to all the demands up= it; that our military force is well •
Organized in all its branches, and capable of rendering the most
important services, in ease of emergeney, that its number will
admit of; that due progress has been made, under existintitne
propriations, in the construction of iOrtifications, and in the,
operations of the ordnance department ; that due progresa has
in like manner, been. made in the:canetruction of ships of war ;
that. our, navy is in thet:hest.:conelition, felt. Atil respected in
every sed in which it is employed for the protection of our
*tierce ; that our manufaetures hatteaugmentedin amount and
improved in quality;- that great *greet has been made M the.
settlement of accounts, and in the recovery of, the balances due
by individuals; and, that the utmost economy is secured and
observed in every department of the Administration. •
Other objects will likewise claim your attention, because,
from the station which the United States hold, as a number of
the great community of nations, they have rights to maintain,
duties to perform, and dangers to encounter.
A strong hope was entertiiinedethat pellet; • would, ere this,
have been concluded between Spain and the Independent Go-
unlink-tits south 'of the'United States in this hemisphere. Long
experience having evinced the. competency 01' those Govern- •
meats w maintain the . independence which they had declared,
it was presumed that the considerations which intlheed their re..
eognition by the United States would have had equal weight '
with other Powers, and that Spain herself, yielding to those •
magnanimPue ft:Alpine of which her hisaory.furnishesso many
extunples, would` have iernittialtd, on that haeis, a controversy
so Unavailing; and at the, same time so destructive. • We still
cherish the hope that this result will.notiong be postponed. ••
Sustaining our neutral pqeition, and allowing to each petty,
while the War continues, equal rights, it is incumbent on the'
United States to claim of each with equal rigour, the faithful
obeervautee of our,riglu ts, accoediqg die well-known law of nee ; ,
Boris. From each, therefore, a liter co. operation is expected in .
the Atippression of the piratical practice which has grown out Of
thia ware and of titian:des of extetteiee coasts on both seas,
which, considering the small force • employed to sustain them,:
have net the slightest foundation to rest on.
Europe is still unsettled; end altitottgh the war long menaced
between Russia and Turkey has not broken ',.out, there is no cer-
minty that the differences between thew Powers will be mi. ,
cably adjusted. It impossible to. look to th oppressions of
the country, respecting which those differences arose, without
being deeply affected. Tim mention of :Glreec tills the mina'
with the west exalted sentineetts, and atomics eteeWileitioree
the best feelings of which oar reo ere ;le Superior -
skill,and refinement in the arts, herein gallant in action, dis- ,
interested patriotism. etalutsitistie 'seal end devotion in favour
of public anti presonal librty, ere o,SOCillied with our recent:es
tions of:lndent iretTe. Snoll a country sheuld have been
overtiltelmed, and so long iti,nicit as it were, from the World,
under a gloomy despotism, hes heel) a cause of unceasing rind
deceit regret to generous minds for ages past. It was natural,
therefore, that the re-appearance of those people in their origi-
nal character, contending in favour of their liberties, should pros
due that great excitement and sympathy in their farmer which:
have been SO signally skiplanes throughout the United States.
A simile- hope is eiteetained that this pe,sple will recover their
independence, and resume their equal station among the nations
of the earth."
.1 great effort has been Matie in Spain anti Port te;al to improve
the eondidon of the people, anti it vilest be very cousoling to all
Is nevelt:tit minds, to veetheeXtrionlinary tnieleration with Which
it ;cis teen conducted. That it mays promote the happinessof both,
nations, is the ardent wish of this whole people, to the exprete:
sion of which we confine ourselves; for whatever May be the
feelings or sentiments Which every individual under our tleverne
meat has a right to indnign, anti it is nevertheless usages
maxim, equally with the nment and the people, that the
destiny of every independent nation, in what relates to such im-
provements, of right belongs, and ought to be left, exclusively
to thems.Aves.
„ Whether we reason from the late wars, or from those menac-
ing symptoms which now appear in Europe, it is manifest,.
that if a convulsion-should take piece in any of those countries,
it will proceed from causes which have no existence, and are
utterly unknown in these Staten, in which 'there is but one
order--that of the people, to whom the sovereignty exclosively
belongs. Should waribreek not in any of those eettntries,erho
can foretel the'extent to which it may be carried, or the desola. ,
thin which it. may spread ? ' Exempt as we are frone those
,causes, our internal tranquillity is secure —and tliseinced as we
are from the troubled scene, and ttithful to just principles, in
regard to' other powers, we Might reasonably presume, that we .
should not be molested by them. *Thisehowesti, ought nut to
be calculated our as certain.. Ilnprovoked injuries are ofnei in-
flictedend even the peculiar felicitY of our situation, might,
with some, be a cause for excitement , and aggression. The
history of the late wars in Peirnpe furnishersa complete dernori-
itration, that no system of conduct, however correct in prin.
Cipie, can protect netttrol Powers from injury, front any petty ;
that a defenceless position, and distingiushed hive of-peace, aro
the surest invitations to war ; and there is no way to avoid it,
other than hy being always -prepared and Willing, for jest
cause, to meet it. If there be a people on earth, whose more
especial duty it hied be at all dines. rreepered to defend the
sughts with which they are blessed, and to stirpase othets in
staining the neceettary burthens, and in whit:titans to sacri-
fices to make such preparations, it is tindoubtt dly the petiple.of
•
these States.
When we see that a civil war of the most frightful character
rages from the Adriatic to the Black Setieeeltat strung ey nip tortes
of war appear in other parts, proceed from causes which, slusuld
it break etut, may become general, and be of long aeration--
that the war still. continued between Spain and the ltelepentleatt
Governments, lam late provinies in this hemisphere— that it is
likewise menaced between Portugal and Breen, in conse+ittCflee
or the attempt of the latter to diernewbee itself from the Ammer .
,-anti that a system of piracy, of great extent, i' maintained in
the neighbouring seas, which will require greet vigiltince and
decision to suppress it, the reasons liar austeining the attitode
width we now hold, and for pusliing forward all our measures
of defence with the utmost vigour, apnear to me to acquire new
force. •
The United States owe to the world a great example, and by
means thereof, the cause of liberty anti humanity, at
.‘genttrotus
support. They have so tar succeeded, to the setiethetion of the
virtuous and .enlightened of every country.--There is no rea-
son to doubt, that elicit whole movement will be regulated by
a sacred rey,:etl to -principle, all our institutions being fieinded
, on that The ability to support, our own eause, tinder
s any trial to it Melt it may be exposed, is the great point. on
L. which the public solicitude rests.. It lets been often charged
against free tiovernments, that they have neidter the foresight
'nor the virtue, to provide, at the proper Season, for great tut.'
ergencies that their course is improvident and expensive n;
that war will always find them unprepered, and whatever may
be its calamities, ilea its terrible wiatiinivi will be tli,regneed
and firryinten as soon as peace returnee I have feu eontetesese
i that ties chaise., so hit he rebus to the. United Settee, will ho, .
shown w be utterly destitute of truth.
JAMES. MONROIIt
Witsltington, Dec, 3, 18;12. • , .

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

PAIII9, JAN. I.—Mmiday evening the .King
transacted businesi with Count Corbiere. _ _

On the 24th ultimo M. Juarez, a relation of the
-,Spanish Minister San Miguel, passed through
Bayonne on his way to Paris. It is said that he
comes on an important mission to the French
• Government.

A. courier dispatched by Mr. Rothschild from
Madrid, has been robbed by a banditti at Arret-
chaballeta, in Guipuscon, and obliged to return
to Bayonne. The courier who left Bayonne on
the 20th for Spain was also stopped, and his dis-
patches burnt.
Two papers of opposite principles, the Ultra
Elate and the Liberal Journal du Commerce, are
under prosecution for a libel on the Royal dig.
nity of the King of France, translated from the
Spanish paper called the Indicator. The Journal
du commerce copied the article from the Etoile.
Tpnits, Dec. 23.—Count Alexander de Salmes,
' Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipoten-
tiary from the King of Sardinia to the Imperial
Court of St. Petersburgh, has presented to the
" Emperor Alexander a copy of his work, entitled
the 44 Military History of Piedmont." The
Noble Author has, in return, been honoured with
the following letter from his Imperial Majesty :--
nave received, 11. le Count, the work you have offered
to me.

" You were not mistaken in believing that the Military His.
tory of Piedmont would excite my utmost Attention ; few coun.
tries have supplied more illustrious names to adorn the annali
of war; and the Russian Armies, witnesses of the valour Of
your soldiers, by baying fought under the banners of their an-
cient Monarchy, hare learnt alike to appreciate the merit of
your officers,. numbers of whom have joined their ranks.
" leongratulate myself onilnding an opportunity of render.
ing to your work the justice it deserves, by now expressing the
true esteem I entertain for its author.

" ALEXANDER."
Taterre, DEC. 16..,--According to letters from
Smyrna, which may be • relied on, the Captain
Pacha was not on board the ship of the line which
blew up. But according to the latest news, he
was to be beheaded at Gallipoli, by order of the
Sultan.
A vessel arrived from Durazzo has brought in-
telligence that the fortress of Rolm) in Camila
hits surrendered to the Greeks.
Dec. 18.--A vessel from Cresme in sixteen
days, has brought the following details. After
the burning of the ship of the line- near Tenedos
on the 10th of November, the Turkish fleet en.
deavouretl to take refuge under the guns of the
Dardanelles. But the Commander of the castle
refused to allow them to enter because they were
not provided with a Firman,* which is necessary.
The Turkish Admiral made the most pressing
solicitations in vain. While these things were
going on, the Greek Captain Mniauly came up:
to the Turkish fleet for the third time, and
set fire on the night of Nov. 13.14 th, to a ship pf
the line and two frigates. Sixteen vessels are
said 'to have been destroyed in the 'confusion
which ensued. The remainder of the fleet entered
Gallipoli on the 18th, after having received the
Firman required from Constantinople. This
lIPWS seems to require confirmation.—(Journal
der Dads.)
OnEsaa, Disc. 8.--The extraordinary timidity of the Cap-
tains of vessels from Provence, who do not venture to navigate
the Black Sea in the 'Amer, until those of other nations have
'Meg since ceased to regard the difference of the seasons, it is
difficult to understand; but what is truly lamentable is, thak
though the number of ships sent thither by the French mer-
chants is the least of all, they hOwever have the greatest num.
ber of shipwrecks.
A Turkish vessel, which has entirely Turkish property, enter-
ed the Danube some months ago to take in corn. The Turkish
Captain was taken ill on his return to the Dardanelles and died.l
'the crew, consisting entirely of Greeks, alarmed at this event
And dreading its consequences, resolved to take the ship, which '
• was in bad condition, to Odessa. The Russian Government
immediately ordered the vessel to be repaired and put in the
best condition (entirely at the expence of the Government), put
another captain and a fresh crew on board---the former crew
having refused to serve any longer, fearing they should be made
answerable for the death of the Museulman ; the Russian
Government then sent the ship to Constantinople; where it was
delivered to the Porte, which doubtless appreciated so amicable
a proceeding.
BERLIN, DEc. 21.—The dutitutesehich are levied on the
frontiers of the Prussian monarchy, 'affecting the possessions of
several Germun Sovereign Princes, which are wholly surround-
ed by the Prussian territory, end his Majesty being disposed
to pay into the coffers of the said Princes an indemnity for
.the sums which he receives in consequence of this particular
circumstance; a Convention has been agreed to for this
purpose, by the Prince of Schwartzenburg Rodolstadt,
who is to receive an annual sum, which is to he fixed every
three years according to the average of the three preceding
years. Up 'to the 31st December, 1824, the sum le fixed at
45700 Prussian dollars in silver per annum. ' In consequence of
this there will be an entirely free intercourse between the re-
spective territories.
A law-suit, which the town of Sulmierzyce has carried on
under three reigns, for u considerable tract in the fittest of
Adelnan, and which has lately been decided in its favour, is
now entirely concluded by the Prince of Tour and Taxis hav-
ing declined to appeal, and fully ceded the tract in question to
the town.
NAPLEs, DEC. 6.—A Royal Decree, dated from Verona,
almost entirely prohibits the importation of forcign corn. This
Decree is a disadvantage to the merchants of the capital, where
• the importation of foreign corn, especially of eats, from the
north, lots latterly been very considerable ; hut it is a benefit
tee the inhabitants of Apulia, who are involved in distress by
•the extremely low prices of grain. Another Royal Decree raises
the duty on foreign Woke from the Ist of January, 1823.
A volume in live. er smaller size, to pay three earlins, a ,Ito. six
earlitet, and A folio nine. Formerly only 2i per cent. was paid
on iliteve:utt declared at the custom-house. 'This increase 1s so
considerable that it nearly amounts to a prohibitioo.
VigNNA, DEC. 20.—Uount Czernitaehelf, Russian Lieute-
nal-it-General, and Mr. Gordon, British Minister to this Court,
oave both arriveithere from Verona.
DEc. 21.—The news that M. Lebzeltern is at Constan-
tinople, is not confirmed.
The Emperor Alexander has given the Grand Cross of Saint
slntie, eat in brilliants, to. M. Gentz.
It is said that M. dellatiecheff will go to Bucharest, and per-
. haps afterwards to Constantinople, in quality of Ambassador.
"Note of .the Editor of.theekessrual der Diboll. How can
A finnan h.x neceseeary for a.Turkieh, fleet returning to the port
of Canstentinople ? This circumstance appears to os to throw.
doubt on the recital... 'Thus- the Augsbyrek. riautte says, with
justice, that this news needs coolies-nation.