The Sun.
London, England, 1847-01-07 00:00:00

No. 16,94 a LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING SUN, JANUARY 7, 1847.

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Contents of No. 1 of Vol. 111., or No. 53, of
THE PEOPLE'S JOURNAL.
Edited by JOHN SAUNDERS.
ENGRAVINGS.
1. Love and Jealousy. By W. Harvey.
3. The Neglected Genius. By W. Hunt.
ORIGINAL PAPERS.
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S. Social Geography. By Mary Leman
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7. Love and Jealousy. By Andrew Winter.
S. The Removal of the Chinese Exhibition.
9. Black Gang Chine. By Goodwin Barmby.
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ALEDONIAN ASYLUM, COPENHAGEN-
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On Sunday next, January 10th, 1847, :TWO SERMONS will be
Preached in Wells-street Chapel, Oxford-street, by the Rev. R. RE D-
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COMMERCIAL BI
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DIRECTORS.
RICHARD WALKER, Esq., M.P.. Chairman.
JOHN TAYLOR, Esq., Deputy-Chairman.
Thomas Barnewall, Esq. Jonathan llopkinson, Esq.
William Beresford, Esq., M.P. Edward Oxenford, Esq.
William Sprott Boyd, Esq. George Rennie, jun., Esq.
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Dated Jan. 6, 1847. A. R. CUTBILL, Manager.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR
ANCE SOCIETY,
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Capital .S.-SOO,OOO.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
This Institution embraces important and substantial advantages
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:rests to meet other conveniences or necessity.
Assurances for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible
odes.

BRITISH COLLEGE of EIEALTH, New-
road, London.
REPORT fer 1847 of RICHARD TOTIIILL, Esq., of
Ileavitree, near Exeter, of the Cures effected at the Exeter Hygeian
Dispensary, 91, Fore-street-hill, Exeter, by Morison's Vegetable
Universal Medicine.
I. Abraham limiting, aged 52, cured of a complication of disorders
of 40 years standing.
2. John White, aged 34, cured of pains in the stomach, side, and
back.

3. Maria Stonelake, aged 20, cured of tightness of the chest, which
completely prevented sleep or rest.
4. William Woodley, aged 62, cured of a liver and Stomach
complaint.
5. Elizabeth Plymsole, aged 50, cured of an ulcerated leg.
6. Ann Warren, aged 38, cured of nervous debility.
7 John Carter, aged 45, cured of rheumatic gout.
8. Elizabeth Wood, aged 46, cured of violent pains In the head and
chest.

9. Mary Balstone, aged 41, cured of severe pain in the right side,
arising from ulcerated lungs.
10. Charlotte Trump, aged 26, cured of a liver complaint.
11. Rebecca Middich's children, cured of St. Vitus's dance.
12. Ann Lewis, aged 7, cured of a scorbutic complaint.
13. Diary Ann Gardner, aged 41, cured of general weakness and
loss of apetite.
14. William llurrige's child, aged 6 years, cured of diseased arm.
15. William Sargent, aged 18, cured of Thematic complaint and
glandular swelling.
16. James Todd, aged 14, cured of fever, accompanied by delirium.
17. Ann Down, aged 25, cured of inflammation of the bowels,
18. Elizabeth Tucker, aged 38, cured of a scorbutic complaint.
19. John Drew, aged 19, cured of typhus fever.
20. Benjamin West, aged 56, cured of a general deranged state of
health.
21. May Squance, aged 16, cured of a violent cold producing in-
flammation of the eye.
22. Louisa Partridge, aged 11, cured of abseess.
23. Emilen Hall. aged 43, cured of a severe stomach complaint.
24. Ruth Maddock, aged 22, cured of pains in the head, &c.
25. John Randcock, aged 57, cured of rheumatic affection.
(Signed) R. TOTHILL.
N. IL —The full particulars of the above cases appear in the
monthly numbers of the " Ilygeist," to be had of all tke honorary
members of the British College of Health, and at the Office, 368,
Strand, London.

THE CIGAR WAREHOUSES, LONDON.
Fine Foreign Cigars of all Makers, 17s. 6d., 18s. 6d., 205., and
21s. per lb. ; Government Manillas Cheroots, 17s. per lb.. British
made, from the finest tobaccos Imported, Cheroots, 6s; Mexicans,
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Esparteros, Dos Amigos, and Estrellos, 9s. 6d. per lb., warranted first
quality. The Union Cigar, equal to any foreign, 12s. 6d. per lb.
Single pounds may be had. Messrs. Tosswill and Co., Commission
Merchants, Importers, and Manufacturers, have a large stock of
the above, well worth the attention of large buyers. Warehouses, 6
and 7, Pudding-lane, Eastcheap, three doors from Gracechurch-
street and King William-street, City.

LORD GEORGE BENTINCK.
A highly-finished Engraving' of this Nobleman, pronounced
to be an excellent likeness, with an interestimg Biographical Sketch
of his Political Life, will appear in THE FARMERS' MAGAZINE,
published on the Ist of January.
We apprehend that there are few farmers but will desire to pos-
sess themselves of the portrait of one who has exhibited a degree of
energy and public spirit in their behalf, which, although unsuccess-
int, can never be forgotten, or remembered without feelings of gra-
titude.
This number will contain 224 columns of matter on various agri-
cultural topics of a practical character; amongst these will be found
a full report of the discussion upon " Agricultural Statistics " at the
London Farmer's Club ; proceedings at the Anniversary Dinner of
the Members of the Club, and of the Smithfield Club Cattle Show
Resolutions of various local farmers' clubs on the subject of " Tenant
Right," &c. &c. &c.
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SPENCER'S CHINESE LIQUID HAIR DYE.
The thousands of individuals who for upwards of twenty
years have used this celebrated liquid, pronounce it to be the only
article extant which effectually changes, in a few minutes, red or
grey hair, whiskers, moustaches, &c., to a dark brown or black,
without trouble (by simply combing it through the hair), and pro.
luces by one application a pleasing and permanent change ; and it
can be incontestibly proved, that while many dyes tend to destroy
the hair by their pernicious properties and dangerous process of ap-
plication, that this article promotes the growth of hair, nourishing
the roots till the latest period of life. Price as. 6d., 65., and 105
per bottle.
To be had of the Proprietors, 20, Nottingham-place, ITloldgato
,treet, Whiteehapel-road, London • also of Mr. Johnstone, 68, Corn-
hill ; Butler, 4, Cheapside ; Prout, 229, Strand ; Sanger, 150, Oxford-
street; Barclay, Farringdon-street ; Atkinson, 24, Old Bond-
street; Hooper, 43, King William-street, London bridge; Finnigin,
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Perfumers and Medicine Vendors in town and country. Sent to
any part of the kingdom by receiving a remittance, pest-paid.
Please to ask for " Spencer and Co.'s Chinese Liquid Hair Dye."
glitati Pal rroPritteell wan you the wrapper,

NATIONAL SECURITY BANK.
NOTICE.—No applications for SIIARES in this undertaking
win be received after SATURDAY, the 16th day of January, as the
Directors will, after that date, proceed to make an allotment.
Applications for shares may be addressed to the Secretary, at 163,
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the sources of profit, Re., will be forwarded, post free, if written for;
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Capron and Co., solicitors, Saville-place, New Burlington-street; and
to Messrs. Sutton and Co., stockbrokers, Royal Exchange_

TO QUADRILLE BANDS.
The COURT DANCES, arranged by TINNEY, for a
QUADRILLE BAND, in score in nine b00k,,, each Is. 6d., 25., and
45., comprising the Morgenland, Douro, Albion, and Themes Festk-
lange Waltzes, by Labitzky. Also his Die Rosen, Kinder Freuden,
awl Narcissen Polkas, and his Rusalka and Immergrun Galops;
and Strauss's Rusalka Galops, arranged by Bernard Lee, for a
Quadrille Bank. In parts : Die Elfin, Deutsche Lust, Adelaiden,
Dublin, Dalkeith, Die Tanzmeister Waltzes, by Labitzky and Strauss,
each 6s. ; and the Annen, Salon and Heiterer Sinn Polkas, in one
book, 7s. The above dances are nightly encored.

London: Published only by C. Cocks and Co., 6, New Burlington.

street; Music-sellers to the Queen.

ANOTHER CURE of ASTHMATIC COUGH
AT THE AGE OF SEVENTY, BY
DR. LOCOCK'S PULMONIC WAFERS.
Dated " Nov. 2, 1846, 1, Lowgate,
" Gentlemen,—Mary Crouch, greengrocer, Spring Bank, late of
Cogan-street, being seventy years of age, has been reduced to such a
state of weakness, by a severe Asthmatic cough, as to have become
incapable of performing her domestic duties. By the use of this
medicine, however, she has been restored to a surprising degree of
health and vigour, the cough having been entirely remove, and she
is able to walk a considerable distance without fatigue,
(Signed) "J. S. WEIR."
TO SINGERS AND PUBLIC SPEAKERS
they are invaluable for clearing and strengthening the voice ; they
have a most pleasant taste.
Price Is. 1%c1., 2s. 9d., and I ls. per box.
Agents : Da Silva and Co., I, Bride-lane, Fleet-street, London ; sold
by all medicine venders.

THE NAVY.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES.
SlR,—The remarks in the Times of Friday upon what
you justly term " the most important point of all in naval
matter, that of securing an effective supply of trained
sailors to man our ships in case of emergency," and your
promise of recurring to the subject, induce me to tres-
pass on your indulgence.
There is so=much in your observations exactly in
accordance with my own views, as expressed in a little
book which you were pleased to notice favourably last
July, that I trust whenever you recur to the subject you
will afford me space for some practical suggestions of my
own. For the present, I would only enforce the necessity
of not postponing so vital a question as that of manning
the navy until war breaks out, and would urge one or
two obvious inexpensive and ineffectual measures for sup-
plying our first wants. It cannot be too seriously consi-
dered that the defect of organization which leaves Eng-
land
without those resources for any sudden emergency
which other Powers possess is no longer a secret. Not
only has it been officially admitted in England upon the
best authority that in the critical times of 1840 and 1844
we were completely a deecouvert to any hostile attack,
from our inability to collect seamen in time, but foreign
countries are now fully aware of the fact, and caculate
upon it. The subjoined extract from a very clever and
singularly impartial History of the late War, by an in-
intelligent French naval officer, establishes the truth of
an assertion which I believe I was the first to bring pro-
minently forward last summer. Captain E. Jurieu de la
Grav;are, after detailing the straits to which England
was reduced at the brejtking out of war in 1793—a
war for which we were unusually well prepared, on ac-
count of the Spanish and Russian armaments of 1790,

says :
" The difficulty which the Admiralty experienced in
forming the first crews at this epoch presented itself
again in 1840. It will present itself every time England
finds herself obliged to face unforeseen embarrassments,
and will always give to an active and enterprising enemy
the advantage of most favourable chances during the first
months of a war."

Here we have a judicious and dispassionate French-
man exactly confirming my own assertions as to a fact
which, though controverted at the time by a large part
of the daily press, has since been officially admitted in
Parliament. Would it not, then, be lamentable apathy
and inexcusable neglect, if, with our eyes open, we con-
tinued to tempt other nations to insult us, by gratui-
tously offering them chances of easy success against us?
Are we again to enact the old farce, the transparent
cheat, of moving " demonstration ships" about our har-
bours, sticking their masts in, painting their sides, and
trying, by tills demonstration, to frighten foreign Powers,
like naughty children, when they are perfectly aware
that it takes us several months to man a single line of
battle ship? Are we to pay above 7,000,000/. annually
for keeping up a navy, and yet leave it a demonstrable
fact that we are behind France and Russia in the power
of makinr, any effective demonstration in case of emer-
gency, and that we have not advanced one step beyond
the crude, and now uncertain expedient, of impress-
ment for manning our fleets? I am happy to think there
is reason to believe that the present Admiralty do not
intend to sleep over this danger, or to tolerate so dis-
creditable a state of things. But, as any great measure
involving (as it must) the interest of our maritime popu-
lation, requires the support of public opinion, I trust
the Times will afford its powerful aid in establishing the
necessity of some change. We may shut our eyes
to the fact, but it is undeniable, that the present
is a new era in naval affairs, and England might just as
well trust to her old feudal levies for a regular army, as
to impressment for an adequate supply of trained sea-
men, capable of meeting the disciplined forces of other
Powers.

known. f
Otohuue rr
by navy,sfimernesdrtcan itg ea
ht
The optimists and quietists of the press may argue in
favour of doing nothing, but no Government can leave
things as they are. The experience of 1840 and 1844
forbids it, the admission of 1846 forbids it, and the too
well-grounded calculations of foreign writers forbid it.
A few words upon the general principles by which the
merchant seamen may be made available to the State.
It is certain that whatever may be circulated to the pre-
judicepni
ss,t
ht l
hi es
peea
snas
os
seamen;
nnow;up
aloadrpnubd:
ena
hrot
otowwmwh earcrekaetenc i t
ttehi
dbs
,es
tbesttlelbe
done r.
i
ckonnodwitnbioutnoted tenders, but ships deserving the name) to
our commercial ports, where they are never seen by any
chance? I do not mean to raise volunteers, but merely
to show themselves in all the attractive " pride, pomp,
and circumstance" belonging to a well-ordered " Queen's
ship." Ido not theorise here, but can assert, from my
own experience, that the ship of war, at her first ap-
pearance, will be regarded with distrust and dread, then
with distrust alone, next with indifference, and finally
with a strong desire to join her smart, cleanly, rakish-
looking, happy crew.
This would do much, if steadily and systematically
carried out; but more would be necessary in order to
dispel the strong prejudices which alienate our maritime
population from the Royal Navy. A further measure I
would suggest is an enactment requiring that all boys
apprenticed to the sea should serve some stated time, be
it ever so short, in her Majesty's navy. They would
then learn the truth concerning that terrible bugbear
they had heard so much of; and, of ten boys who should
spend two months in the navy, eight at least would wish
to remain in it. They would, while in it, acquire habits
of cleanliness, order, and alacrity, which would be use-
ful to them afterwards ; and they might be sufficiently
instructed in the gun exercise, to make them doubly
valuable whenever called into the service of their coun-
try. Ido not say that this would do all that is neces-
sary, but it woula undoubtedly place our capabilities of
defence on immeasurably higher ground than they now
occupy, and might prepare the way for abolishing a
practice which we may make necessary by our own im-
providence, but cannot justify on the plea of a necessity
which had been foreseen for years and might have been
provided against.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant.
G. PLUNKETT.

Captain Plunkett's letter, as given above, will be
read with attention by all who remember his claims to
be beard upon the subject in question. We took occasion
roe theyisuesrna oh day, day, in
neighbours
iwi
dhiwche he
er
ecaroyeemfveismrdusee:nnettltoyli
evidently extracting
on the
heeoxmptaerraktcht
oianntgFn
the
tfrhreoei
from
warnings
lessons
paarsnhistoricalnwegxhspich
e.
o
iooanflulsrut
trainedrdouew instructive
comprisent i.vi
net
the
Toeet
uaohsnareu otherpla
noticen sGovernments
for
of
mtahnisning subjectw ouril will
navy,nots ora besome
o days
whichlost uapgwo
one:
laylorefatdwyo
idniffthereegn tuceleanss,sespoayf
and men—first,held
ensiTnemt
h.c
weoerpent)
idersthseaat
leanoyr ordinaryn uy
ntrained
aissued
o;
ma
annd
or
br
of
f,
the
these
u c h a
would
o haveul
ddiscreditable hitherto
furnish
practice
übeen
with
it raisedfh a
corps
o r op ns s au ne
impressment.any
seamen,
as we have never possessed yet, the latter would supply
our old personnel by fairer means ; one provision
is adapted to the advanced state of naval
warfare, the other to the enlightened state
of public opinion. If the other navies of
Europe remained in the condition in which
rneargdsroe:l
former
mv:wyee of fora b
they were left at the conclusion of the war, it might not
be necessary to extend our care beyond measures for
the abolition of that practice which justice, humanity,
and policy, alike condemn ; it would be sufficient simply
to secure such sailors by enlistment as we formerly ob-
tained by impressment, and we might then trust to a like
training for a like result. Such, however, is notoriously
not the state of affairs. Though we have happily had
no occasion for proving our relative strength on an ele-
ment we have been taught to consider our own, yet,
making all allowances for exaggeration, it is clear
enough, from fact within our actual cognisance, that the
improvements in artillery practice and naval architecture,
backed by the novel and scarcely appreciable power of
steam, have supplied our opponents with such resources
as leave us no longer at liberty to reckon upon a day's
breathing time after the declaration of hostilities. We
must be prepared with fighting-crews at an hour's
notice ; and these can only come from a regular
reserve. A full complement of volunteers from
the merchant service though in the finest
ell as heroes. No
pose. They must be gunners as w
t • cap am,
spirit and condition, would not answer the pur-
doubt a couple of months' practice, under a good
would make them all that could be desired; but to se-
cure them this few weeks' law, a trained and disciplined
crew must be at hand to bear the first brunt of the war.
As no doubt can be entertained of the necessity of this
_
provision, so few differences can exist as to the mode of
as man-of-war's
insuring it. The men must have served
men, for in no other school can they learn their duty;
and they must be kept either afloat or ashore, either in
marine barracks or additional guardships. The only
difficulty on this point would be found in the repugnance
felt by seamen to enter for any but a particular ship or

undert in p
a particular cea,ptain; but the loss of this freedom
owrereele
cntoiotntbmoiogglibtt bteocoborempensated by a small improve-
of continuousinstead of pt
efr srppl
oyercamt r oe
yf t e
terbaypt
tnohygesm,
eaeedvtve.ann itTfa
eet
expediency of prolonging the present term of a seaman's
engagement is admitted by almost every writer and
speaker on the subject, and can hardly be doubted by
the men themselves. A discharged sailor is as helpless
as a disbanded soldier, and is the worse off as his desti
lotion is almost sure to recur. Nor are the old stories
about these matters altogether inapplicable to the pre-
sent day. It, is barely eleven years since 15 per cent. of
certain ships' crews were summarily turned adrift, al
though their engagements had been understood by them
as extending to the whole period of the commission. 1
is clearly, however, impracticable to increase this reserve
of trained men to such an amount as would at once send
to sea all the ships we might require, although it should
undoubtedly be strong enough to constitute, along with
those afloat, an effective squadron, and to furnish a nu-
cleus of good hands on board ships less advanced in dis-
cipline. Next, then, there arises the qu.!stion, how the
bulk of our sailors are to be obtained without recourse
to impressment when necessity requires. One of the
schemes for this purpose which has obtained the
attention of two successive Administrations is that
of Lieutenant Bowdon, of which the following
is an outline : Every merchant vessel is to carry,
for every 150 tons of her register, one "Queen's man"
and one " Queen's boy," the first to be an able seaman,
and the second not under fifteen years of age. The
former is to be liable at any time and under any circum-
stances to serve in the royal navy, and the latter is to
stepinto his full rank at the age of twenty. The term
of the Queen's man's engagement is to be five years,
renewable at its expiration for a like term, and then en-
titling him to a pension ; and both he and the boy, in
addition to their regular wages, are to receive a small
monthly allowance from Government. It is calculated
that from London and Liverpool alone some 13,000 or
14,000 able seamen could thus be procured at a few
days' notice, even if only one quarter of the vessels bad
been enabled to enter the prescribed number of Queen's
men. The readiness of the men to accept these terms
is presumed from the considerations that their wages
would be increased, their time of servitude;defined, their
pension certain, and their chance very good of enjoying
the advantages of the royal service without ever actually
serving. Nor is it conceived that the masters o
merchant vessels would be otherwise than consenting
parties, inasmuch as they are not required to enter these
men over and above their proper compliments, but only
as part of them, and since these men, and these only,
would be liable to be taken away from their ships by any
of her Majesty's vessels, a regulation which would in-
form them of the precise extent of their liability in the
event of any sudden demand. The possible efficiency of
merchant seamen for the higher duties to which they
may be rendered liable, is a consideration only second in
importance to the regulations for securing their services
by an equitable contract ; and a former suggestion of
our correspondent's deserves attention as well as the
hints thrown out in his present letter. It is to the effect
that as this class of persons are exempt from the militia
ballot, they should be required to attend a drill of their
own on board an "exercising ship" at certain periods
while within certain limits of a port ; and we are en-
tirely of the gallant author's opinion, and that a few
trifling prizes and a little tact in the captain-
superintendent would soon make this exercise a
great deal more popular than skittles or nine-
pins. If any person should be impressed with an idea
that our sailors have degenerated in a long peace, or
that improved treatmeut has relaxed their nerves and
subdued their hardihood, we commend to his notice the
story of the shipwreck of the Osprey, as reported in our
tpaperan last
which wfeeewk .eve Arni accidentinvolved
lessof a
culpability, most gr 1 e vwoauss
reme-
died to a singular extent by the behaviour of the officers
and crew under circumstances far more trying than the
hazards of an unequal battle. After the lives of all had
been saved by the most energetic promptitude of action,
the ordnance material and provisions were landed
through a heavy surf, and guarded with effective disci-
pline, among a population who would have been excited
by the slightest relaxation to pillage and murder. Al-
most all the stores of the ship, including even her copper
copperle boofl tdse,
ewpe
sr
ae
nsda.v e dA,
fatne dr ttrhaenps
rpoovritseido
nasc rhoasds mb
eoerne
tahnadnam
expended,h
wole
ship'sduring
a company
period o
wasf two
mustered and months'
m ceaselessarehe
dI
toil,l
the
miles across a savage and unknown country, the disci •
pline and behaviour of the men, during nearly a year's
exposure to these severe duties, being so admirable as to
have been honourably recorded by their captain in the
course of his own defence, and to have received from the
Court a testimony which both Captain Patten and his
crew merited almost as fully by their improvement of an
inevitable misfortune as they could have done by any
instance of less costly, though snore glorious success.-
1 bites.

CONVICTS UNDER SENTENCE OF

TRANSPORTATION.

A letter, of which the following is a copy, has been
transmitted to the visiting magistrates of all the county
and borough gaols i❑ England, and has caused consi-
derable discussion at the several quarter sessions, many
of the prisons not being sufficiently capacious to accom-
modate more than the usual number of prisoners
sentenced to short terms of imprisonment:—
" Whitehall, Dec. 31, 1846.

" Gentlemen,—l am directed by Secretary Sir George
Grey to acquaint you that, in consequence of the sus-
pension of transportation of male convicts to Van
Dieman's Land, it will be requisite to make immediate
provisions for the confinement and imprisonment in this
country of the greater portion of such offenders. In
order to facilitate the measures requisite for the accom-
plishment of this object, it appears to Sir George Grey
that the .temporary imprisonment in the county and
borough prisons of a proportion of male convicts under
sentence of transportation may be necessary, where
there is sufficient accommodation for their reception, and
where proper arrangements exist for reformatory
discipline. I am, therefore, to request that you will
state, for the information of Sir George Grey, what
number of prisoners can be conveniently lodged in the
prison under your superintendence without interfering
with its discipline and good order—what has been the
greatest number of prisoners actually confined in the
prison at any one time during the past year, and what
system of discipline is now in force in the prison. Sir
George Grey directs me to inform you that a vote
having been taken in the last session of Parliament for i
defraying the cost of maintaining convict prisoners in
gaols, no additional expense will be imposed upon th•
counties and boroughs in respect of the maintenence of
prisoners who may be retained in, or sent to, any prisons
in pursuance of the convict arrangements.
" I am, gentlemen, your most obedient servant,
s. M.
" To the Visiting Justices, &c. sx.”
By the adoption of this plan the Milbank Prison,
which has now between 1,000 and 1,500 convicts under
sentence of transportation within its walls, will be pre-
vented from being overcrowded.

LIME V. RATS.--A gentleman who had occasion
to use considerable lime about his premises, which had
hitherto been much infested with rats, says that those
destructive vermin had Suddenly ceased to appear and
annoy him. " Before using the lime," says he,
." you
could scarcely walk across the yard at night without
treading on them." Around the principal holes he de-
posited a small portion of fresh unslacked lime, which
evidently had the effect of driving them from these places,
which they before resorted to in great nu.mbe!s. The
above is a simple and cheap method of getting rid of this
annoying and destructive pest.—Sherberne Mercury.
GOLDEN Rur,Es IN SHOOTING.—Never take a Shot
from Sour neighbour, although, should h. e be a bungler,
be always prepared with a barrel to give the coup de
grace. Never walk with the muzzle of your gun pointed,
except towards the ground or to the sky. Always un-
lock your weapon in crossing a ditch, or getting through
a fence, or over a gate. After firing one barrel, never
fail to ram down the other, as the charge may have got
loose. Never load one barrel with the other cocked,
the ramrod down it. In cover shooting, be . or
. particularly
careful to ascertain where your companions, beaters,
"Ine.youar powder
dogs are, so as not to mistake them for Always and
un-
load your gun, or see it done yourself. Keep
Never
or copper caps dry. Never put your hand or
brlotaly into
the muzzle of a gun, or lean over it. Over.
the barrel of a gun, and always treat it as •
1 as loaded."
loaded ; for no sooner does an accident take plalfcel,ttwhaans
brothers
the first exclamation is, "I had no idea it vf
remember
b ers walking
Never take a loaded gun into a house •
Anglesey'swit oth ,
witboarrels loaded,
hearing of one of Lord
across the hall at Goodwood,
and the cocks wentsecond
caused
parent reason, both off, and' fight
u:
any aP;
the hall
fortanately, no one considerable havoc ;
at the time. Be particularly careful where
keep your powder, for housemaids where you
dren will poke their noses into en b and ail-
drawers with lighted candles. NeverP oards and
a hayrick or any outbuildings. wb fire near
come to a difficult pass, such as a lar enes.rer you
fence, high gate, wall, or very thick covert° ditch, stiff
copper caps. In the event of your rani:r ,dtake off your
in your gun, do not allow a clod to try t ° sticking fast
his teeth, but, having removed the Cap fo extract it with
by knocking it against a tree. To the,seorce the ramrod
maxims, the one from Colonel Hawker I will add two
Daniel. The Colonel thus writes :_____,: the other from
gun at any time to be held in the direction Never suffer a
or bea!t." And the author of " Field Sof
either
man
following excellent advice :—" in bport.s" gives the
stranger, who. perhaps keeps his gun es
ooting with a
usually. pointed to the left, plead for trkFd, and muzzle
tion, and urge that you cannot hit a . ? right hand sta-
left. With a gamekeeper, take the
,hird ft ;
--.Y.ng to the
ceremcny."—Sporting Magazine. light hand without
Another claimant to the Estate and
Crawford
.and Lindsay has appeared' Earldom of
William Lindsay Barfoot, Esq., 30 in the person of
ware-road ; (the title has lain dormant
street, Edge-
He claims as a lineal descendant of Siri:ruant since 1808).
Lind-
say, of Dumod, (A. D. 1500, or thereabout)Alexander
mediate steps are about to be taken to, and im-
mediate
the House of Lords, where bbring his claims
success.. In consequence of his predecessors,ecalculates upon
generations, having been clergymen their for five
been kept with great care and regard records have
for orrectuess.

THE FATAL ACCIDENT ON THE
NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY.
An inquiry into the circumstances attending the late
fatal accident at the King's Langley station was com-
menced yesterday, at eleven o'clock in the forenoon,
before Francis Osbaldeston, Esq., Coroner for Hertford-
shire, at the Bell Inn, Primrose-hill, a small hamlet in
the parish of Abbot's Langley.
Mr. Hayes (of the firm of Parker and Hayes," solici-
tors to the Nofth-Western Railway Company) was pre-
,ent to watch the proceedings.
The bodies of the deceased were lying in an apartment
at the rear of the house. The remains were respec-
tively proved to be those of William Assup, aged twenty-
two years, engine-driver, and George Mathurs, aged
thirty-two years, fireman.
James Owen was the first witness called.- Tie said—l
am an engine-driver in the service of the North-Western
Railway Company. I came into their service in April
tast. On Monday last, being in charge of the engine
No. 16, I was directed to pilot (assist) the goods train,
which left Camden station at half-past one, to Wolver-
ron. I did so, and remained at Wolverton until
half-past eleven at night, at which time a luggage train,
consisting of twenty• six waggons, came up from Rugby.
Eight coke trucks were here attached, and I was directed
to pilot (assist) this train on to London. The' first
station we stopped at after leaving Wolverton was
Leighton, where we left one waggon. The deceased
William Assup was the driver of the engine behind me,
and after the waggon had been detached I asked him
whether I should take in water there or at Tring. He
said, as he had nothing to leave at Tring, it would be
better to take water at Leighton, and I did so. The
conducting of a train, where the same is driven by two
engines, is under the control of the driver of the second
engine, except with regard to looking out for signals,
which devolves upon the first driver. We did not stop
at any station after leaving Leighton until we came in
here, about three minutes after one o'clock on Tuesday
morning.
CORONER—And when you got in here what_hap-
pened 2 Witness—i saws red signal. -
CORONER—Was the night foggy ? Witness Yes,
very. I did not see the signal until we were within
about two hundred yards of the post. I then opened my
whistle, let off the steam, reversed my engine, and put
the steam against her. Ido not know whether my mate
had actually applied the break. When we advanced a
little further I saw three red lights on the main line,
and the next instant a red hand signal lamp. lat once
saw the danger we were in, and jumped off the engine
on to the line. On a clear night there would have been
no difficulty either in observing the signal or in stopping
the train.
CORONER—Did Assup let the steam off his engine ?
Witness—l cannot tell. I was too busy in minding my
own duty.
CORONER—You can surely tell whether his steam was
let off or the engine reversed? Witness—lndeed I
-cannot. He might have been working his engine by
expansion, and then I could not hear its beat. If I
must answer the question, my impression is that Assup
had certainly not reversed his engine.
CORONER—What happened after you jumped off your
engine? Witness—The luggage train ran directly into
the coal train.
Examination in chief—After the collision I went to
look for the guard of my train. I found that he had
been sent back by the policeman on duty at the Langley
station, to stop all up trains. That policeman's name is
Thomas Smith. He was the only man on duty at the
station when the accident occurred. When a train
passes a station, it is the duty of the policeman to turn
on the red signal for so many minutes, and subsequently
the green for a similar time, before showing the white
light. After the accident, the policeman gave me two
fog signals, and directed me to follow the guard down
the line towards Boxmoor, and place them upon the rails.
I went down the line until I overtook the guard. I did
not see the station master. On my return, the police-
man told me he had gone on to Watford, on the coal
train engine, for assistance.
CORONER—And what had become of the poor fellows
who were killed all this time? Do you mean to say
they were left unattended? Witness—Yes. The po-
liceman told me they were dead very shortly after the
accident, but owing to the steam and water, which was
flying about in all directions, it was impossible to afford
them any assistance, or indeed to get near them until
nearly an hour after the accident.
The witness was further pressed by the Coroner, with
a view to show that unnecessary delay had taken place
before any attempt was made to extricate the deceased
parties, but nothing of a character to bear out such a
presumption was elicited.
Examination in chief—My engine lay upon her side
athwart the rails of the up and down lines. The leading
wheels of the second engine had mounted upon my ten-
der, and the second tender had crushed the footplate of
the deceased's engine. The bodies of both the deceased
were crashed by the second tender. The fireman was
fastened between the reversing lever and the fire box
when I first saw him. He was very much crushed and
quite dead. I did not see the driver. I was so shocked
at the sight of the firemen that I did not go to look fur-
ther, but I heard that he was in a similar position on
the other side of the engine. My opinion that deceased
had not reversed the engine arises from this nest ; for
had he done so, both men would in all probability have
been found on the reversing lever side of the engine.
When on the road the driver and stoker generally stand
one on each side of the boiler, as the deceased parties
were found.
CORONER (addressing the witness)—Now, Owen, one
word as to your regulations. Does any one time the
luggage trains? Witnes—Yes, the guard. Our train I
was late on Monday night. We were late in leaving
Wolverton.
CORONER—What time did you expect to get to Wat-
ford? Witness—l cannot say exactly,
CORONER—The policeman at the Langley station
knew that goods trains were likely to pass between one
and two o'clock? Witness—Yes, there can be no doubt
of that fact.
CORONER—And, knowing that, he leaves a number of
waggons on the line? Witness—He was going to put
some of the trucks back into the siding. The luggage
trains have been very much behind of late. We have
had a difficulty in getting through our journeys some -
times, especially during foggy weather, when the rails
have been damp.
CORONER—And, in the face of all this, a number of
carriages are left on the line, on purpose to cause an
accident.
Mr. Hayes (the company's solicitor) here rose and ob-
jected to the Coroner making remarks, unsupported by
evidence, which were calculated to bias the jury.
The CORONER expressed his regret if he had implied
any wilful neglect by his observation, and begged to re•
tract the same.
Examination of Owen continued—Under ordinary
circumstances we can stop a train in 500 yards; but in
foggy weather, and when the rails are damp, we require
a longer distance. The deceased, Assup, had been
ployed four years as a stoker on the'
line, andabeoniu;
three months as a driver.
The CORONER here suggested that perhaps_ the jury
would like to visit the scene of the accident before they
proceeded further with the evidence.
Several members of the panel expressed a wish to do
so, one juror remarking that he thought they had
already heard enough to prove that
extraordinary rules
ought to be enforced in foggy weather.
Mr. Bruyeres, the superintendent of the railway, re-
marked, that he thought there could be little doubt, if
the driver of the second engine (No. 115) had observed
and acted on the signals as Owen had done, the jury
would not have had to sit there that day. Mr. Bruyeres
kere read the folio wing rule from the book of regula-
tions :—" The engine-man is at all times to use great
caution in foggy weather, and especially on approaching
stations, from the difficulty of discerning the regular
signals until close upon them ; and he is to be prepared
to bring his engines to a stand should it be required. In
cases of this sort the whistle is to be kept frequently
going."
Mr. Bruyeres (addressing the witness Owen)—You
have said that on observing the signals at tho Langley
station you shut off the steam and reversed the engine.
Do you not think that if Assup had been equally vigilant,
your train might have been stopped in time to avoid the
' collision ?—I am not sure of that, but, at any rate, he
would have been prepared to jump off as I did.
CORONER—The fact is, Mr. Bruyeres, this is where
the shoe pinches. Although it was perfectly understood
that another train was coming up the line, a number of
waggons were left directly in the ordinary track.
Mr. Bruyeres hoped that this matter had been satis-
factorily explained. The fact was simply this. If the
Coroner or any other gentleman, in coming up from
Birmingham and wishing to get out at Tring, were
brought on all the way to London, it would be no satis-
faction to him to be informed by the guard that the train
was a quarter of an hour late, and therefore could not
stop at Tring. The proper course would be to stop at
Trine, as usual, taking care to exhibit proper signals.
So, with a coal train, having to detach waggons, the
same principle applied. In the present case the signals
had been all duly exhibited, and he contended that the
accident could not have happened but for the neglect of
the deceased parties.
The jury then left the room with Mr. Bruyeres, who
accompanied them to the station, and explained scienti-
fically all that had occurred to him in explanation of the
manner in which the accident happened.
On the return of the jury,
William Heaver, stoker to the last witness, was exa-
mined. He stated no new fact. After jumping off the
engine, he became, for a time, insensible, and knew very
little of what had occurred.
Thomas Smith, police-constable, 211, in the service of
the North-Western Company, was next called. He said—
I have been in the service fouryears and four months.
It is my duty to turn on the red signal on the arrival of
a train, and also to start all trains which arrive l • uring
the night. I recollect the night of Monday last. On
that night, or rather on Tuesday morning, a goods tran
passed up the line about half-past twelve. A coal train
was the next to arrive ; it was a special train, and came
about one o'clock, five minutes under or over. This
train consisted of eighteen waggons and one engine.
CORONER—When was the next train due? Witness—
They come so irregular, I cannot say exactly.
CORONER—Oh, indeed. Did you expect any before
daybreak ? Witness—Yes ; I am always expecting
trains.
CORONER—Oh, then, am I to suppose they run at

PRICE SD.

pleasure? Witness—No, :sir ; but there is a great un-
certainty as to the time of the goods trains arriving.
CORONER—How long had the coal train been at the
station when the collision occurred? Witness—About
three minutes.
CORONER—Did you start it ? Witness—No, sir. I
was assisting the breaksman to detach some waggons
when the collision happened. I had previously turned
on the red signal lamp on the stationary post.
CORONER—Hare you not got fog signals? Witness—
Yes, but there was no time to use them.

CORONER—How do you mean no tirne? You have, I
believe, only to throw them down on the line? Witness'
—On, dear no, sir. They would have had to be placed
on the rail at a distance of 500 yards from where I was
to be of any service.
CORONER—Did you not think it requisite to employ
them on such a night? Witness—Highly requisite, and
after the collision I gave some such signals to the driver
of No. 16, in order to place on the rails as a caution to
any advancing train.

The witness here stated at length the course he bad
adopted after the collision, in order to obtain assistance;
and explained to the Coroner that so soon as the steam
and fire allowed any one to apprcach the spot, every
exertion was made to extricate the deceased parties.
He further stated that on hearing the approach of the
goods train be ran down the line about a hundred yards,
waving his red lamp, and doing all in his power to stay
its progress.
The foreman said he thought if the fog signals had
been used no accident would have happened. Several
other members of the jury expressed a, similar opinion.
Patrick Tomey, police-constable 232, in the service of
the company, was next called. He said, I remember the
night of Monday last. I was on duty at the Boxmoor
station about twenty-five minutes to one, at which time
the special coal train arrived. I expected this train
in consequence of a signal attached to the preceding
train. When it arrived the driver told me he had
five waggons to detach at my station. The night
being very foggy, I brought out the porter and asked
him -to uncouple the waggons and attend to the points
while I returned down the line to stop any train
which might come up. I went about a quarter of a
mile, and remained until I heard the coal train go on. I
then returned to the station, and went into my hut,
where I trimmed my hand lamp, on which I came out
on to the line again, when I fancied I heard a train
coming up the Boxmoor Bank. I ran down to the
signal post, exhibiting my, hand lamp as I went, but
before I could get there the driver of the leading engine
blew his whistle, and I believe he slackened his pace.
The coal train had been gone by at this time about 11
minutes. As soon as I arrived at the signal post I
showed a green light, to denote that the driver ought to
proceed cautiously. Had there been no coal train so
recently in advance I should have shown a white light.
Even as it was, the time had expired for the exhibition
of the green light, but being a foggy night I was in no
hurry to take off the red signal, and had allowed it to
remain eleven minutes instead of five, as laid down in
our regulations. If the red light had been allowed to
remain on, the effect would have been to stop the goods
train. As it was I was under no apprehension that the
goods train would overtake the coal train.
The foreman thought that if the same degree of
caution had been shown at Langley as at Boxmoor no
accident would have happened.
Mr. Bruyeras—But, sir, you will remember that there
was not the same time between the arrival of the trains.
The foreman—Had there been a porter at Langley as
at Boxmoor, even then I think the collision might have
been avoided.

Mr. Bruyeres—l assure you, under ordinary circum-
stances, the hands employed at Langley are more than
sufficient for the work they are required to perform.
Mr. John Weaver, foreman of the locomotive depart-
ment at the Rugby station, said he knew the deceased,
Assup, who was an industrious and intelligent man. Wit-
ness had furnished deceased with the necessary rules on
his entering the service, and so late as the 29th ult. had
examined him as to his knowledge of his duties. Befere
being employed as a driver he had acted as a stoker in
the company's service,
Mr. Weaver was examined at some length as to his
opinion whether the deceased had reversed his engine
or shut off the steam. He was inclined to believe that
the position in which the lever was found was attribut-
able to a blow from the tender, and not from the driver
having touched it.
Richard Ashby, the driver, and Langley, the breaks-
man of the coal train, were successively questioned, but
their evidence threw no new light on the matter. Ashby
said he travelled about sixteen miles an hour, and was
not aware of having lost any speed between Boxmoor
and Langley.
The foreman said an impression had gone abroad that
the deceased men had been overworked, and in conse-
quence had fallen asleep while on the engine. He should
be very glad to have this point cleared.
Mr. Weaver was then recalled. He said they came on
duty at seven o'clock on Monday night, having had 14
hours' rest previously.
The jury expressed themselves satisfied on this point.,
and no other evidence being forthcoming,
The CORONER summed up. He said the case appc.ared
to him to be a very simple one. If blame attached to
any person, he thought it was to the poor fellows who
had lost their lives. He thought it quite unnecessary to
read over the evidence, inasmuch as he had na doubt the
jury would agree that neither the railway company nor
any other person were to blame in the matter. The
law of deodand, as no doubt they were all aware, had
been abolished, and in its stead, a sta'.,-ute, entitled "The
Accident Compensation Bill" had, been passed. This
measure, by the way, he might remark, was a most ex-
traordinary one, for while it professed to give a remedy,
it took away the means of oblaining it (so the Coroner
was understood to say). He did not know whether the
royal Member for Sunderland was in the House when
the Bill passed, but for his own part he should think it
was him who prepared it. However, without making
any further remark, he would leave the case in the
hands of the jury, who would say whether in their
opinion, the accident had arisen from the negligence or
carelessness of any individual.
The jury, after consulting for a few moments, found
" That the deceased, William Assup and George
Mathurs were accidentally killed;" and in returning
this verdict the panel felt it their duty to recommend
that more servants should be employed in future at the
King's Langley station.
Mr. Bruyeres remarked, that if twenty servants had
been employed he felt satisfied the accident would still
have occurred under the circumstances proved in evi-
dence.
The proceedings, after extending over four hours,
here terminated.

A RIGHTEOUS DECISION.—Some time ago, a poor
fugitive escaped from .Maryland, and, hotly followed by
the pursuer, on his way to safety beneath the broad flag
of England, in Canada, was overtaken and seized in
Vermont. The abolitionists instantly got out a habeas
corpus, and carried all parties before court, to see what
warrant they had to arrest any man in Vermont
who had committed no crime. Three judges were on
the bench, two of them young and energetic, one aged
and feeble, who came to his seat by the habit of
years, but seldom spoke, his eyes being dim and
his strength abated. The counsel spoke—the defence
wished to know why the man was kept in custody.
The lawyer for the slaveholder rose to reply, and
said he should move that the offender was guilty of
a breach of the laws of Maryland State ; he Ras a
slave, and had stolen himself. The other lawyer then
said he should require proof that he was a slave.
The slaveowner then stood up and held forth a docu-
ment ; this, he said, is a bill of sale, made in my favour,
for this man, signed by his original owner. Then the
old judge rose to his feet, and with a voice of thunder,
strangely loud for one so old, demanded " who signed it,
Sir ?" " John Williams," replied the astonished owner.
"Take it away ! take it away 1" said the old man, rais-
ing his hands to heaven. "It is not valid, Sir ; it is
falsely signed, Sir ; it is a blasphemous forgery ; none
can sign the bill of sale but God Almighty." The court
was electrified ; the slaveholder slunk out, and Vermont
awakened like a sleeper, gave twenty thousand abolition
votes at the next election.—Extract of a letter from Troy,
State of New York, Oct. 1845.
MARY ANNE WELLINGTON, BY THE REV R. COB-
BOLD, M.A.—This work, which has been dedicated, by
permission, to her Majesty the Queen Dowager, is one
which possesses very peculiar claims upon the favourable
consideration of the public. It is not only extremely
interesting in itself, but the object which the author has
in view, is to obtain relief for the heroine of the tale,
who, after having braved the perils of the whole Penin-
sular campaign, during which her kindness to the sick
and wounded made her generally known to the army,
and attracted the attention of the Duke of Wellington
himself, now finds herself, in her old age, in a state of
destitution. The daughter of a soldier, the wife of a
soldier, and now the mother of soldiers, she may be said
from her very cradle to have
4 In the pitched battle heard,
Loud larums, neighing steeds, and trumpets long."
The work gives a full account of her personal
adven-
tures, comprising a very stirring narrative of the
work,princi-
paltheon
events of the Peninsular campaign.
the whole, we have no doubt, will attain a far greater
popularity even than " Margaret Catch
pole."—Sunday
Times.
Already has the address to his Holiness the Pope
from the Animals' Friend Society, of 18, Strand, been
responded to by the humane Pontiff, in his causing an
edict forbidding all dog fighting at Rome, even among
the English residents ; and having also passed some
other regulations of a like nature. The address, as we
understand, caused a strong sensation on the Continent;
and owing to the exertions of the society, through its
foreign lion. Secretary Dr. Forster, cruelty to animals
is
now checked by the police there. The society also, last
week, caused Wm. Shrale to be fined in costs at the
Southwark Court by Mr. Seeker for great cruelty to a
horse.
In consequence of the public announcement from
Mr. Byng, that it is not his intention to offer himself
again as a representative for the county of Middlesex,
we understand that the electors in the different districts,
who have carried their venerable Member through so
many struggles, are taking steps to get up a requisition
to Lord Robert Grosvenor, requesting him to come for-
ward as a candidate for the metropolitan county, when-
ever a dissolution may take place.—Titues.