The Sun.
London, England, 1812-09-24 00:00:00

AMERICAN MANUFACTURES.

Dr..Mitcheil has compiled from the returns
'made to the Treasury Departments- by the Mar-
shals, Deputy-Marshals, and other persons, pur-
suant to the third census law, the following-inte-
resting view of certain, valuable manufactures in
the United States :

" .5,51 me most valuable infoonation is derived
from. these returns, incomplete as they are. Un-
der the head of sheep,we learn, that-Vermont con-
tains .e stock of 450,000 sheep.; Massachusetts,
399;F2 ; Connecticut, 400,x;00; and Pennsylva-
nia, 6,466,918. These Papers corftain a more
distinct and interesting: exhibition than we fiver
had before of the saltpetre manufactured in the
United States. Thuk.Virginia, prepares 59,175
pounds ; Kentucky,. 201,937 ; Massachusetts, ,
23,600 ; and Tennessee, 162,426; making nearly
half a million pounds of borne made nitre as good
as that usually brought .from foreign ports. It-is
allege,i the quantity may be increased to any de-
sirable amount. " The connexion of this with nu- •
merous manufactories of L.,,u.npowder puts us quite
at our ease as. to the nitre or potash, and as to
the means we possess of compounding it.
" The mannfacture of straw is eminently
worthy of notice. In Massachusetts, where. the
forming of bonnets frntn that material seems to
have first begun, the yearly eanount:of the sale is
not less than 551,913 -tlidars. The.manufa.cture
of straw bonnets has been since undertaken in
Connecticut, and, produces the yearly value. of
27,100 collars ; and it is worthy of remark, that
the labours of two Ivomeh in New jersey,in-'the
same way, yielded theM 141) dollars, amounting to
the stun of '50,228 dollars for the single article
of straw bonnets.. Nor is the preparation of sugar
from the juice of the maple tree, unimportant.
Of this domestic sweet, Ohio• produces, in
one twelve-month, '3,033,8d61b5.; Kentucky,
2,471,6471b5.; Vermont,'l,2oo,ooolbs.; and East
Tennessee, 162,3401b5. • Making a Quantity of
nearly seven millions of pounds in these States
only, wherein tEe returns may conceived to be
greatly. Within the truth. • .
. " Works in horn, ivory, and shell,,-have-made
a progress that is worthy,of notice. The combs,
for instance, which Connecticut prepares annually
for, market, are estimated at. 80,000 dollars ; Mas-
sachusetts, 10,624; and Pennsylvania, 6,240
equalling a sum 0f.156,861 dollars.
" I may mention too the abundance of copperas
which West Tennessee and Vermont afford`. The
quantity .per annum from the former, is
stated at 56,0001. and from the latter at 80001.
The quality of these sophates, of iron, is declared"
to be very fine, and that druggists and dyers may
be supplied to any demand they may "make.
"The quantity of ardent spirits annually dis-
tilled appears, by the returns, to equal the prodi-
gious emount of 23;720,000 gallons ! The ex-
traction of brandy from peaches, of an alkoholic
liquid from elder, and of whiskey from rye, aad
even maize, is carried to this alarming excess. The
products of the distilleries are chiefly consumed
among -themselves, though a portion of the latter is
converted to gin before it reaches the human sto=
mph. White, therefore, we observe the increase
of these home-made fluids, We must reflect on
their inebriating effects. It cannot be disguised,
that their intoxicating quality recommends them
to such general employment. Nor ought it be
concealed, that in a country where a gallon of
this maddening stimulus may be bought for
half a dollar, a gill may be obtained at-retail for
three cents, am.; the seller at the same time double
his money. The fondness of this bewitching be-
verage,.and the repugnancy to an excise upon it,
raise in thp mind a curious association between
the free use of it and of political freedom .;and it
deserves the consideration of all the thinking part
of society, how far disease, idleness, immorality,
and other miseries incidental to'strong potations;
may not degrade freedom to rudeness, and 'some-
thing worse.
" Time number of water and horse mills em-
ployed in spinning cotton on this :exhibition,
amounted-to 330, in the month of August, 1810,
and working 100,000 spindles. These on an
average will spin .annually between 4 and 500,000
lbs. of yarn ; and that the yarn would be suffi-
cient to weave 18,000,000 yards of cotton cloth,
three-quarters of a yard wide ; and thiS.is wholly_
independent of what may be spun in private fa-
milies, although it •vtakes part of what is wove
there. • ' •

The fulling mills returned amount 0.1630 ;
and the wool carding machines, going by water,
to 1835.

" The number of looms returned exceeds.
330,000, "and the total number of yards of cloth
made of wo;1, cotton, and flax, as returned, ex-
ceeds 76,000,000.

. "'Gunpowder mills are enumerated to thy: num-
ber of 207, and though some .-of them are saran,
they pre-Pare yearly 1,460,000 ics. of gunpowder;
furnaces, forgeries and bloomeries,areentime-
rated.

The paper mills amount to 890..
"Connected with this analysis ofvalitablc manu-
factures in the United States," We may with pro-,
priety add the immense progress made in printing
of books, which in many instances, such •as
bibles, testaments, some of the classics,' arid other
elementary hooks of instruction, has nearly su-
perseded the necessity of importation.' We wish
it wett in our power to estimate the capital in
tis department of essential 'industry would
far exceed, if ascertained, the most extravagant
calculation.—Subservient to-boot: printing is the
trade of book binding,which has rapidly increased
within the last ten years, ana which, With the
Consumption of leather employed ,in'this branch
must save great sums to the nation. Independ-
ent of the more common binding of school books,
the United States can produce speciniens of ele—
gant binding, which might vie with London or

Tethers received prom the Island of Antigua,
dated August Ist, it appears that the inhabitants
and military were unusually healthy, and that the
General Officer commanding states, that he had
Dot lost more than one man per month, by tropi-
cal diseases.

Thomas .Casgrove was convicted of ' stealing
wearing apparel and bed clothes of the value of
50s. in the dwelling-house of Michael Clarke.
Wet. ill'Donald and James Bull were capitally
convicted for burglariously breaking-and entering
the dwelling-Louse of Daniel Munro, and stealing
therein several pairs of boots and shoes.
Wm.. White anci*-Wm. Best were tried. ort.an in-
dictment eharging them with stealing 100 pieces
of nankeen, on board'the 1.74ai1 of Balcarras
diaman, at Blackwall, on the l'lth of July last.—
The prisoners were ogboard .the ship, the one as
A Custom-house officer, and the other. as an Ek-
cise officer, at the time in "citiestiow. Upon all in-
vestigation. of the case, however, it appcareit there.
was no ground for the charge brought mains(
them, and they were acquitted.
Samuel Pearmund was convicted of feloniougy
marrying Elizabeth !!aviug been before
married to Mary capo,n„who was still living'
The prisoner positively denied that he was the
man wh43hail tarried Mary Capon, but the.. fact
was positively sworn to by the parish officers of
Isleworth.

On being convicted, lie offered to go into the
navy. The RECORDER, however, said he should
not_go to sea, but if he cbose'to go as a soldier
he might. .The prisoner agreed to this, and was
takerffroui the bar.

James Hinchin was capitally indicted for feloni-
ously assaulting Miss E.. Sims, MI the 14th of the
present month; and taking from her person a two:
pound note, and other propeity.
The prosecutrix Stated, that as she was cross-
inc, the fields from Kenton, where she lived, to
Edgeware, .on the day in question, between one
and two o'clock, ou reaching a style, the prisoner,
came up to her, and ere she had got many steps
from that spot, he caught. hold of her arm. and
dragged her to the ground ; she, beged. he would
not hurt; her, and said she had,money, and wonld
give it to him. He told her to. hold her tongue;
and on her screaming -out, )ie knelt -upon her
stomach, and 'with one,hand held 11.,iL throat. By
the violence'with which he se:ice-A[l,ller, a con-
siderable effusion of blood took: i?iace. He then
tare open her gown, and tiok from her pOeket a
purse, containing a 2/. Bank of England note, a
dollar, and other monies. She did not see him
again until the Saturday following, .when she at
once recognised his person. He was the prisoner
at the bar. _ _ _

Francis Chapman deposed, that he P.-ppre4nded
the prisoner on the Friday followi,,g the robbery,'
at the Crown public-house, at. Stanmore. Qu
the ensuing day he took hi.ai to Miss SimS, who
instantly said " that is the Man."
The prisoner in his defence said, he could pro-
duce witnesses to prove that he was not near the
spot described by the prosecutrix at the time she
had stated the. assault to have.been compitted.
John Hitchener, a shop -keeper at Mill-hill,
stated, that the prisoner was in his shop at ten in
the morning on the 14th instant ; he was then
sober : at half-past one he saw him again, when
Ale was a little intoxicated.
It was further . proved by. two creditable wii-
nesses,- that about the time the rubbery was com-
mitted, 'a than with a short smock.-frock similar
to that worn by the, prisoner, was Seen running
across a field within-half a Mile of the place where
the robbery took place.
The RECORDE'a having snrurried up the evidence,
the Jury acquitted the prisoner.