The Sun.
London, England, 1841-07-22 00:00:00

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RATIONALLOAN FUND SOCIETY,
ma GRANTING
LIFE ASSURANCES, VEFERRED ANNUITIES, &c.
No. 26, CORNHILL.
Capital £t:00,000.
,Empowered by Act of Parliament.
ausecroas.
T. L AMIE MURRAY, Esq., Chairman.
J. Elliotson, M.D..
.Trybn Par 3 Esq.
John Griffith Frith, Esq. Jehn Riddell Stodart, Esq.
Hunter Gordon, Esq. Clement Tabor, Esq.
George Lungley, Esq. Joseph Thompson, Esq.
A UDITORS.
Professor Wheatstone, F. R. S. I Professor Graves, A.M. F. R.S.
ACTUARY—W. S. B. Woolheuse, Esq., F. R. A. S
SOLICITORS.—Messrs. Sweet, Sutton, Evens, and Omman-
ney, 6, Basinghall-street.

J CIL Y

THE BRIGHTON RAILWAY.

SIR FREDEPICK SMITH'S REPORT.
TO THE RIGHT II ON. HENRY LABOUCHERE,
Sir=--I• have the It snour to acquaint you, that on the
Bth instant, I receivei 1 an intimation from the Secretary
of the London and B righton Railway, of its being the
intention of the Three tors to open to the public, on Mon.
day, the 12th inst., th at portion of their line which ex-
tends from.the kinetic with the Croydon Railway to
Irsaaaa alleath, in the county of Sussex.
censeluence of th.'s intimation, and of previous no-
tices whiclt the Bri glaon Company have delivered to,
the Railway*Departni ant, I appointed to commence the
inspection of the works yesterday, with Mr. Rastrick,
the engineer of the l ine ; and I was accompanied, in
my perforrnance of this duty, not only by that gentleman,
but also by Mr.:Harman, the Chairman, and Mr. Maclean,
the Deputy-Chairman 0 f the Company, by whom every
facility was airorded me for conducting my investigation ;
and I should not omit to mention that Mr. Rastrick, and
Mr. Wood, the (3ecretar3 r, supplied me with all the plans
and sections I req:iired, a.; well as the various returns of
the proposed establishmt_ a it for working the line, and the
code of regulations for the gnidance of the police, por-
ters, and switchmen. T hose for the engine-drivers I
expect to receive on Monday.
I yesterday commenced, and have this day completed
my inspection, and I have :to inform you that I see no
objection to this line belt g opened to the public, on
Monday next, subject to the conditions contained in this
Report.
In
.the first place I am Cles3rous of observing that with
very few exceptions the s works are in a very complete,
sound, and satisfactory of ate, and I have, on scarcely
any
.previous occasion of inspecting a line before its
opening for the public tratfiv, found them in so perfect a
condition. .
The London terminus for this railway is at resent
the same as that for the Cr oydon Company, at 'rooley-
street, and is situated on th e north side of the Green-
wich Company's western ten .ninus. But, pursuant to an
Act of last Session, a static): n-house is to be built on the
south side of the existing re! iway, and two lines of rails
laid on a viaduct which is :to be formed from the in-
tended•station-house, to the point of junction between
the Greenwich and Croydon.:aailways.
The Brighton trains will take in passengers, for the
present, on the same plat form as that used for the
Croydon passengers, and the trains will run on the down
line of the Greenwich Ragway as far as the junction
with the Croydon Railway-, and then along the latter
line as far as the junction 'with the Brighton Railway,
beingg—a distance of about 94 miles. At the former
junction a servant of the Gr aenVvich Company is placed
in charge of the "points," and signals, and at this
junction a servant of the Croy don Company is em-
ployed.
The guage of the three Companies is the same—viz., 4
feet 8 inches, so that the engines of all of them might
run upon either line.
The first or northern station of the Brighton Railway
is at Croydon. It stands in a most convenient situation,
a little to the east of the town, and about one mile south
of the point of junction with the Croydon Railway.
At this station are the carriage-sheds, engine-houses,
stores, warehouses, and other buildings which are usually
placed at the termini of great lines, and it appeared to
me that this is the most suitable position for them, and
that the general arrange:meat of the several buildings is
well calculated to promote :the public safety and conve-
nience, and the despatch of businesr. Not only here,
but at almost all the stations on this line the engineer
has laid down
_four sets of rails, and built booking-
- offices, both for the up and the down trains, so that the
engines and carriages will .not stop upon the main lines,
nor the passengers have to c.ross the rails either in join-
- ing or leaving the carriages. An arrangement which
will tend much to the safety of the traveller, and highly
creditable to the Company.
The stations are as follows :
The Godston
a
with the Croydon Railway.
(7) Stoats-nest
Merstham
Red-hill and Reigate .........12
Horley
.164
Three Bridges . .20
Balcombe
.244
Hayward's Heath
At all these stations there will, I conceive, when they
are entirely finished, which is not yet the case, be every-
thing that can be required for the safety, convenience,
and comfort of the passenger that the nature and probable
extent of the traffic can d emand.
Throughout the whole, length of line now under con-
sideration, with almost the single exception of a small
portion near the north en trance of Merstham tunnel, I
found the cuttings cleared out, and the slopes satisfac-
torily trimmed.
The embankments are generally sufficiently consoli-
dated, and I have no doubt- that with proper care, in the
very few instances where this is not the case, the traffic
may be carried on with perrect safety. I observed with
much satisfaction that nearly the-whole of the embankments
are made considerably wider . than the ordinary dimension.
There are two tunnels on tice portion of railway about
to be opened, viz. the Merstham and the Balcombe tun-
nels. The former is 1,780 yard sin length, and is one of
the dryest that I have met with. The centre half is
lighted with gas, and it is intended to light the whole in
the same manner, a gasometer having been erected for
this purpose, and the same hrs been dono for the Bal-
combo tunnel. This latter is only 1,122 yards in length.
The wet has in some few place is penetrated through the
arch, but the passengers will not in consequence be sub-
jected to any inconvenience, as. these parts of the brick-
work have been lined with lead,hehind which the leakage
is carried off into vertical pipes that communicate with
an ample culvert, formed not only under this tunnel, but
also under the Merstham tunneL
The bridges have been generally constructed so as to
afford even greater accommodation and convenience to
the public than is provided for in the Acts of Parlia-
ment, and they appear of sufficient strength for their re-
spective purposes. There are three of which the parapet
and coping are unfinished.
On this part of the line is that magnificent structure,
the Ouse Viaduct. It is of brie k, and consists of 37
semicircular arches, each of 30 feet span ; the extreme
height of the centre arch is 96 feet.
The whole length of this viaduct is .480 yards, and the
width between the parapets 28 feet.
The brickwork is completed, arid almost all the centres
are struck, but the parapet, which is to be very hand-
some, and of stone from Caen in Normandy, is yet in a
very backward state, and cannot • be finished for some
weeks. In order, however, to aeanit of the masons pro-
ceeding with their work, without interruption to the
traffic of the railway, Mr. Rastrick has established a
moveable scaffolding, which traverses along the Viaduct
on an independent set of relit., and by this means he may
avoid having any of the workmen or their materials
within the line of the parapet walls.
The permanent way is only laid at present on the
West, or " up," line, on this vit,duct ; but with two
other exceptions only, and these ()lily for a few yards in
length, it is complete for both lines. Where these
breaks occur crossings are put, and Mr. Rastrick has
undertaken that the traffic shall be so arranged that two
trains cannot meet on the single portion of the line.
The rails weigh 751bs. in the lineal yard, and are on
the embankments laid on cross Kyanized wooden sleepers,
and in the cuttings generally on stone blocks.
The bearings are, in the middle, 4 feet, and at the ends
3 feet 6 inches ; therefore, there are four to each 15-foot
rail ; excepting in the tunnels, where five bearers are
used, and where the intervals are narrowed to 2 feet 6
inches at the ends, and 3 feet 4 inches in the other spaces.
The weight of each joint-chair is 261b5., and of the in-
termediate chair 22ilbs.
The fences are of a substantial description, and are
complete from end to end of the line on both sides, with
proper field gates, and the mile-posts have been put up ;
but the signal and lamp-posts are only, as yet, fixed at
the Croydon Station. The whole, however, are ready
to be put up, and as this may be done in a few hours, the
deficiency need not delay the opening of the line.
The code of signals is to be the same as on the Great
Western Railway. and the Superintendant of the Brigh-
ton Railway having been an officer in the employ of the
former line, he is presumed to be acquainted with the
system which prevails there.
There an mr crossings of parish roads on the level,
and gates have been placed across these roads, and
watch-boxes provided for the policemen who are to be
stationed at these points. •
The Earlswood embankment having originally been
formed of clay, and in a wet season, has had some slips,
but a better material having been thrown in, the work
seems now tolerably firm. However, in running over
this and some of the other lofty embankments, the
enginemen must use increased caution until all appear-
ance shall have ceased of an extensive subsidence. I
must here remark, that for the
.present the Directors
have very properly decided on limiting the average speed
to 20 miles an hour, inclusive of stoppages.
In order to save time, and as the best means of giving
the Directors of the Brighton Railway Company a know-
ledge of my opinion of the state of their works, I shall
,
forward a copy of this letter to the Chairman of the
nas well as to
the spot, the
Company, who is now residing here, and who I am aware
will take an active part in providing for the public safety,
at and for some time after the opening of the line
and I
Mr.wi
will
upeasrstornicallly
7the engineer,
explaintoTvhato isge alsontlema
on
necessity of the greatest vigilance being used by the
Superintendent and other officers, as well as the servants
, consequently the safety these occur
where ntly
of the Company, to prevent accidents at the few un-
finished parts of the line.
The. points of junction with the Croydon and Green-
wich lines are also matters of some anxiety, for, unlike
the ordinary
thererdhiaryarjeuicio junction of
fcsotalniedr
cora
of the traveller depends mainly on the switchman at each
place.
At the Greenwich junction the management of the
signals and switches.is confided to a servant of the Green-
wich Company, and at the Croydon junction to a police-
man of the Brighton Company. •
It is to be borne in mind that until the new station at
London-bridge is formed, and the additional lines of rails
laid, the engines of the three Companies will work on the
sane-rails from the Greenwich junction. Great vigi-
lance will therefore be required at this junction, and it is
desirable to impress upon the Directoaa
Company

LIFE ASSURANCE.
Besides the perfect security to the policy holder of a large
paid up capital, and accumulating funds, the following is one
amongst many of the advantages which belong exclusively to
the principles of Life Assurance and Deferred Annuities ori-
ginated by th' Society, viz.—Power to borrow (without de-
lay, expense, or forfeiture) Two-thirds of all premiums paid
upon a Policy of Assurance.
The annexed is a short Table, showing the Annual Premium
for assuring :6100 on the Whole Life, or for a Term

FOR LIFE.
A. B.
Age. Without
1 With For One For Five
Profits. Profits. Year only. Years only.
- ----- -- ---
X. s. d. X. s. d. X. s. d. X. s. d.
20 113 7 117 4 017 0 017 6
30 24 4 29 3 019 6 10 0
40 218 8 35 3 13 10 15 0
50 4 4 413 6dl 13 0 116 6
60 613 6 78 4 30 0 39 6

Two-thirds of Profits divj

41 annually amongst the Assured.

DEFERRED ANNUITIES DEPARTMENT.
By the plan exclusively developed by this Society, a single
Deferred Annuity is made, nut only to answer the same object,
but to far exceed in amount the entire benefit of all the ad-
vantages heretofore only obtained by the middle and industrious
classes through separate investments in Savings' Banks, Be-
nefit Societies, and Loan Banks.
1. A small yearly •r weekly contribution will secure the
most ample return for after life; thus-21. 12s. per annum (Is.
a week) at the age of 20, will give the policy holder the fol-
lowing option, at the age of 65 •
Annuity for remainder of life... ... £47 16 6
Cash
...... 394 11 0 or a
Policy, without further contributions, of 466 0 oat death.
Other periods of life (of 50, 55, and 60) may be also taken
with similar advantages.
2. Two-thirds at any time lent on deposit of policy, being a
fund always available during sickness or want of employment.
3. Two-thirds of all payments returned to representatives in
case of premature death.
N.B. Policies, as collateral money-security, for periods of
one to five years, effected at lower rates than are charged by
any other Office, (See Tables A. and B.), with option of con-
tinuance for Life at the usual rates. •
F. FERGUSOtT CAMROUX, Sec.

WESTMINSTER ELECTION.
It will be seen from the following table that in five
parishes, viz. St. Anne's, the Outward of St. George's,
St. John's, St. Margaret's, and St. Paul's, Evans, in 1837.
polled 1,531, and in 1841, 1,542 ; and Leader, in 1837,
polled 1,579, and in 1841, I,6o6—that is. Evans polled
eleven more at the last election, and Leader twenty-six
more, than at the previous one. The election, therefore,
was lost in St. George's Inward. St. James, St. Martin,
and St. Clement Danes :

co u, St. George en 1 r6l c 6 c 6 Ca
- -. r•-
;.
. •
.-, 0
mac) '
r. g rtr 171 r
~ :F 1
g I i
pil 1 git. E. E.
• .....
EvANS 1937, July ...... ... 235 317 561 I 5 2 759 3154320549 149
1841, June......... 254 239 401; I 419 619 32022 19 !38
+l-•-, I I
LEADER -.11,37, May 9lO 244 r•.
874 610 253 273 r. 13 115
1P37, July •44 316 572 I 529 78332183;'556 147
1811, June 2fs 218 311 I 517 601 364 320 445 140
(.........1 I i
Buancrr —.1837, May.... 165 396 1223 6.56 252 2:21
MURRAY ....1.37, July 123 322 651 167 472 177 1;6 3645 118
513 Roy& ....... .1841, June 135 3i.5 87 I 316 5411:65 91i t 1470,109

In this Table St. Mary-le-Strand and the Savoy are comprised
in St. Clement Danes.
The loss of the election must not be attributed to
the growing strength of the Tories, for in every parish,
with the exception of St. John's and St. Margaret's,
where the increase was only thirty-seven in their favour,
it will be seen they polled fewer at the late election than
were polled for Burdett in 1837. Murray's contest must
not be the criterion of the strength or weakness of the
Conservatives, but Burdett's, when they were as well
prepared and as active as at the last election, and when,
contrary to the common opinion at the time, not more
than about 50 Liberals voted for Burdett.

EXTENSION OF THE SUFFRAGE.
Thousands who complain of being politically de-
graded in not possessing the elective franchise, are not
aware, or being aware, neglect to avail themselves of the
means already within their power, for their own enfran-
chisement.
We beg leave to call the attention of such persons, and
all others desirous of obtaining the elective franchise, to
the following :
Every person who is in the occupation of any house,
warehouse, counting-house, shop, workshop, stable, shed,
or other building, worth 101. per year, is entitled to be
on the register of voters for the city or borough in
which it is situated, if he has been in occupation of sudh
premises from the 31st of July last (1840), or in several
such premises in succession in the said city or borough.
It is necessary that it should be clearly understood
what the Revising Barristers hold to be " houses, ware- I
houses, counting-houses, shops, and other buildings,"
which are as follows—
Houses.—" A house is a separate dwelling, ap-
proached by a door from the open air."
Any person, therefore, occupying
.apartments, and
having control over the outer door, is held to be a
householder, although he may allow others the use of
such door. As some misunderstanding has existed on
this subject, it should therefore be particularly observed
that the possession of a separate door is only necessary
for those who claim for a house, and not necessary for
the occupiers of warehouses, counting-houses, shops, &c.
Warehouse.—" A warehouse is a store-room for mer-
chandise or goods used in trade."
' Counting-house. —" A counting-house is a room in
which a person in trade keeps his books and accounts,
whether it be a separate building, or only a room in a
house used for that purpose.",
Shop.—" A shop is a place for the sale of goods, or a
room in which manufactures are carried on," as a work-
shop, which may be either a detached place, or a room
in a house used as such ; so that a tailor, shoemaker,
&c., holding an apartment, or apartments, and working
in one room worth 4s. per week, is entitled to be on the
Register. •
Other Buildings.—May be a stable, shed, storehouse,
stall, separate building used as an office or school, hot-
house, cowhouse, &c.
Any person, therefore, occupying any such premises
as above described, worth 4s. per week, and not rated for
them, should immediately claim to be rated as the Re-
form Act requires ; all persons either to be rated or to
have claimed to be rated.

,),9
am/ d. ,

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY. •
CHRONICLE.—The " time to cry out" against taxation
upon the public for the thirteen new colonial bishoprics which
are projected, will come, says the Times, " when the call is
mad..." A previous warning may not, however, be thrown
sway. It is not much too soon, for those whom it is intended
to tax, to look about them, when the taxers (in purpose) begin
to broach their speculation. The subscribers to this scheme
for accomplishing a factious object under spiritual pretences,
aught also to be considered. Many who have contributed, or
who may he solicited to contribute, are doubtless under the in-
fluence of purely religious motives. They wish, and very laud-.
ably, to extend the influence of their own faith and worship.
But they may not wish to render that extension subservient to
the creation of a body of Tory Church patronage, to be exer.
raised independently of the legal and constitutional head of the
Church. The project, moreover, is worth notice, were it only
to illustrate the principles, in Church and State, which have
regained the semblance of their old and pestiferous ascendancy
over the rights and interests of the people. The claim of her
Majesty, the head of the Church of England, acting by her
constitutional advisers, to nominate any of the proposed thirteen
colonial Bishops, " must," says the Times, " necessarily be
fatal to the whole design." We thought as much from the first
announcement. This fact is quite sufficient to settle the spi
rituality of the speculation. The desire is not far religious
Bishops, appointed by the same authority that suffices far the
Established Church at home, but for nominees of an episcopal
corporation, in which a political faction is pretty sure to predo-
minate. The souls of the colonists, it seems, may go to perdi-
tion, if they can only be supplied with Bishops in the old, legal
constitutional mode ; a mode never yet contested since the
Church of England was the Church of England. The scheme
does not turn upon the wants of the colonists, nor upon the dic-
tates of piety, but exclusively upon the possession of the
patronage. To be without that, although the preten-
sion to it be an unprecedented invasion of both the
Church and State of England, " must necessarily be fatal to
the whole design." In support of this pretension, it is affirmed
that " in all ages of the Church it has been a settled maxim
that the patronage follows the endowment." However settled
the maxim may be, the limitations are very material, and are
quite as settled. There are many cases in which the endowing
I parties have a permanent right of presentation ; but none in
which they have an absolute right of appointment; none in
which they nominate, not merely to the incumbency of a liv-
ing, but to spiritual functions of a dignified order: none in
which there is anything analogoul to the creation of bishoprics
and bishops. In these latter cases there is no exception to the
practical supremacy of the Sovereign over the Church, exer-
cised through the great officers of State. To refuse these ap-
pointments would, we are told, " abridge the spiritual liberty
of Churchmen," and be " a preposterous tyranny." No such
" liberty" having ever existed, we cannot see how it can be
" &bridged." All alliances abridge the liberty of acting as if '
:here were no compact; nor is the alliance of Church and State
any exception. If the Church needs the liberty of making '
Bishops otherwise than by the head of the State, who is its
own head, it must forego the advantages of being an Esta-
blishment--it must cease to be the Church of the 'State. To
combine the emoluments of alliance with the freedom of inde-
pendence would be monstrous. Those who think the lat-
ter worth the price, pay far it by this disadvantages of dis-
sent. Those who do not, let it alone, and stick to the bene-
fits of Establishment. There is no other alternative; nor
can there be, consistently with common justice. "Is the
Morning `Chronicle prepared to contend that the Crown has a
right to name the Bishops of the Anglo-Catholic Church in
Scotland, or of the Roman Catholic Church in Ireland ?" We
answer, no; nor of any other Catholic Church whatever. We
assert its right as to the Church of England—the Church which
it made, the Church which it pays, the Church of which it is
the solemnly recognised head. Neither of the Churches re-
ferred Lois in any such predicament. Both of them are dis-
senting bodies. The Church of England is neither dissenting
nor Catholic; it is an institution of the State,•localised within
certain boundaries. No possible amount of truly religious zeal
and liberality in the Church of England can call forth any ob-
jective feeling. But when the design is avowed of turning
those qualities to account in a mode which would render the
Church a tool of a political faction, and erect a power capable
of commanding the Government of the country, and of enthrall-
ing both Sovereign and people, it is time to protest. The an-
nouncement is probably only experimental ; Toryism is putting
out its feelers in various directions, to ascertain how much the
people will bear without that military coercion to which
(should its new ly-gained power continue) it must come at last ;
and therefore it is but fair to our opponents that we should at
once say that, in our opinion, thirteen new bishoprics, inde-
pendent of the Crown and Legislature, will be something of a
choker.

meter for strict obedience of orders, steadiness, prompt.
ness, and presence of mind, since at this junction, owing
to the frequent *sing of the Greenwich trains, and to
the Croydon and Brighton trains having to cross both
the up and down lines, it will be chiefly on this servant
that the safety of the passenger will depend.
My present duty, however, is with the Brighton line.
and it behoves the managers of the railway to make thou'
engine drivers and conductors fully sensible of the neces
sity of the strictest obedience of all signals, and of their
approaching the two junctions at such a moderate rate o
speed as to admit of their having the trains completell
under command.
I have here to observe that I was surprised to find that
the switchman at the Greenwich junction is instructed tt
i exhibit as a svmbol that the points are right for thi
Croydon and Brighton trains, a red flag, which is ordi-
narily the signal of danger. Some attention on this heaci
is indispensable to prevent confusion and risk to the.pas•
senp.;ers.
The engines about to be used on the Brighton Railway
are both four and six-wheeled.
The carriages are well built, handsome, and convenient.
There are buffer springs to the whole of them, in-
cluding the horse boxes, and carriage trucks, and breaks
to all the second class carriages. These breaks are gene-
rally of an improved construction invented by Mr. Ras-
trick.

The second class carriages and horse-boxes hare col
pees, the latter being intended for the grooms, which w
be fouhd a great convenience.

I have the honour to be, Sir,
Your most obedient servant,
FREDERIC SMITH, Lieut. Col. R. E.,
Inspector General of Railway
Brighton, July 10, .1841.

---
THE QUARANTINE SYSTEM.
FORT MANOEL, MALTA, JULY. 6.—Here lam in pri-
son for the benefit of the general health of Europe, hav-
ing had the misfortune to come hither from Egypt,
where, if I did not catch the plague, I ought to have
caught it—and, in fact, may have it now (as the Maltese
tell me), for aught I can know to the contrary ! Dr.
Grassi, the chief plague doctor of Mehemet Ali, has as -
sured them that the plague may lie dormant in an old
coat for two years, and relates what occurred in the Ro-
man Catholic convent of St. Jean d'Acre, where the gar-
ment of a monk taken out of a box after a length of time
had destroyed eight of the brethren, seriatim ! To les-
sen the mortality in my case as much as possible, the
Maltese authorities have shut up a poor fellow with me
" to take the plague" if it will please to come out and
communicate itself within 20 days. The authorities have
particularly impressed him with the fear of paper, espe-
cially if it be folded or wrapped up ; so he carefully airs
my bank-notes and billets-doux; yet, strange to say.
leaves my books and coats unaired, satisfied with merely,
touchingjtheir backs or corners ; whereas there might
be plague enough within their folds and pages to infect
all Europe two years hence. But that's their affair. I
am suffering quite sufficiently for my country, and, as it
appears, for all the other countries also, from Malta to
Nova Zembla. If a Nile boil break out on my hand or a
musquito or sandfly close up my guardiano's eye, it will
have " a most suspicious appearance," and may perhaps
lead to our imprisonment for 80 days instead of 20. My
fellow-travellers are all more or less suffering from loss of
appetite, derangement of the bile, indigestion, &c., in
consequence of being compelled to bask on this rock
without an opportunity of taking exercise; but nobody
has the temerity to ask for a dose of salts, that would be
- .
equivalent to pleading "guilty of bad health "—a crime
which is punished quite as severely in a lazaretto as
poverty is in a workhouse. The guardiano is the doctor's
spy, and follows "the suspected" like his shadow, to
prevent him shaking hands, borrowing newspapers, and
exchanging plagues with his companions. He watches
their declining appetite, morning, noon, and evening, and
at night locks them up to make all sure that ennui and
" the separate system shall do their worst. There is a
melancholy illustration of the effects of this mode of
treatment in Fort Manoel at present. One of our fellow
travellers, a German engineer of considerable talent,
but of very nervous temperament, who is returning home
after a fruitless tour in search of wealth and
honours—disappointed, mortified, swindled, and so
forth—has become so disgusted and excited by the end-
less touching, and prying, and spying, and meddling,
and questioning about his health, on the part of his
guardiano, that his fancy has disabled his digestion, his
appetite, and his sleep ; he imagines the Italian has cast
"an evil-eye" on him, and puts something into his food
to keep him on the sick list, a prisoner here, toujours ;
but he is on the alert ; he won't eat ; he won't drink ; he
won't slumber ; he won't be poisoned at his hands ; he
won't become ill to gratify him ; in fine„ the poor devil
would starve himself if his fellow-travellers did not send
into town for ship biscuits and bottled porter for him !
The quarantine has not exactly succeeded in developing
the plague in this instance, but it has done something—
, it has elicited 'the waking delirium without the bubos ;
but, unfortunately, it knows just as little how to cure in-
sanity as pestilence.
Some' months since " the suspected gentlemen" were
allowed an opportunity of breathing a little fresh air in a
boat with their guardians (which boat was towed by an-
other boat manned by officials)about the harbour; but un-
fortunately the guardians or the quarantine boatmen per-
mitted some foolish " suspected gentlemen" to commit e
breach of discipline by leaving their boat, and ever since the
authorities of Malta have taken the liberty of punishing
all travellers from cast to west for the fault of their own
officials. The practice in the interior of the fort also
presents some remarkable features which ]hake those
who have any faith in the danger of touch, open their
eyes rather widely. Their guardianos may go about the
lazaretto unquestioned, and get the 'plague wherever
they please at the expense of their " suspected"
wards. The restaurateur has a monopoly and has
made a fortune, though he was but a porter a few
years ago. His trattorio (literally the cook's-shop)
must contain a perfect re-union of res infecta ; fur
thither are carried, after meals, all the breakfast, din-
ner, and supper services, not merely touched, but pretty
well handled by " the suspected," to change hands again
next day, and thereby dish up the suspicious of Alex-
andria with those of Beyrout, Constantinople, Damietta,
and so on through all the localities of the plague alpha-
bet down to Zante, whose quarantine has just been
doubled here, because the Hon. Stewart Mackenzie
has dared to reduce the term of imprisonment in.
the lonian Isles. I am certain that the plates
and dishes are washed, but I am equally certain
that the wooden trays on which they are brought
are not washed, although .freely handled by the
servants who wait upon " the gentlemen sus-
pected." I was awfully impressed with the ri-
gidity of the rules of Fort Manoel,— on landing,
at finding myself obliged to carry my own boxes up
the steep stone-flights into the strong-room in which
they and I were to be locked up (for it appears there is
nobody attached to the establishment whose business it
is to lend a hand on such occasions) ; but my respect for
the sagacity of the authorities was sadly diminished on
the morrow, when I found a schoolboy's slate, with its
wooden frame, which had already passed through several
hands, placed (along with its pencil) in mine, to write j
my orders for dinner ! Again, in sending out some
shillings to make purchases in Valetta, they were passed
with great ceremony through vinegar (which vinegar,
plague-stricken as it must have been, was not thrown
away, but kept at hand for the benefit of the next current
coin), while at the same instant a " suspected gentleman"
was indulged with a pinch of snuff out of the silver box of
the captain of the lazaretto, who politely placed it on
the balustrade within his reach. The gentleman took
it up, helped himself at leisure, and laid it down on
the same stone again, after which the captain put it
into his pocket (" touch " and all) without passing it
through vinegar ! A traveller from Turkey must not
lend his telescope to his friend from Egypt, although
they may have both arrived the same day ; but he may
hand it to his "compromised" guardiano, who will hand
it to his friend, and thus the danger of " contagion " is
avoided ! Contact seems to be the original sin, yet
dozens of " the suspected " from different places daily
handle the same balustrades at the parlatorios, and the
same ropes and buckets at the well, sit on the same stone
benches, and pace over the same confined spot of earth,
as if the hands, feet, &c., were incapable of any other
function but that of " touch." Cigars, too, are handed
about freely, and boat-ropes are voted non-susceptible.
Again, a traveller from Turkey or from Egypt may make
his exit from this prison, and take his passage in the
Great Liverpool or in the Oriental steamer, and find him-
self in free pratique on the rhores of England, twenty
days after the vessel left Alexandria; whilst if he re-
mained to take pratique here, no consideration will be given
to the days previously occupied in his passage, and here he
must remain twenty days more in durance. All appears a
tissue of despotic quackery, childish inconsistency, or
provoking absurdity, as if the "Authorities " were doing
their best to ascertain what piseases could be forced into
existence by so much restraint on freedom, and privation
o.ofxta n
time (in
Godfaet, help the wretchmuchsoi%
in whomusteoflife) h
in
ttheispag
hlotbueed,
or
vexation
developed
on the s
oie
i n quarantinebot
As ;for
what
to
the injuries inflicted on commerce by quarantine they are
incalculable, and would require a separate letter merely
to mention them. Meantime lam glad to see that the
evil is beginning to be properly appreciated even in
resembling it,
here is
know
Malta, and that the Malta Times is foremost in the expose.
We are drinking the stale rain water of 1839, none
(they tell us) having since fallen on the island of Fort
Manoel ; and we are just now so near the bottom of the
tank, that none can be spared to us " suspected gentle-
men" to get our clothed washed. We would be, however,
permitted to import water and washerwomen from Va-
letta., but the cost of the immigration up hill would so
far exceed the comfort, that it is voted much more their eco-
an
nod
leave themical to sen
old ones
to th
to fate. Vescovo to buy new shirts,

The overseer do not V always consider it necessary to
alter the rating where the landlord pays the rates, more
especially for shops, &c., being parts of houses ; but if the
party claiming should be rated he can deduct the amount
from his rent.

No form of claim to be rated is absolutely necessary, a
verbal application to an overseer being sufficient, but the
following may be adopted :
A CLAIM TO BE RATED.
To the Overseers of the Parish of
I hereby give you notice that I occupy a
at No. in Street, in your Parish, and I
claim to be rated to the relief of the Poor in respect of
such premises in order that I may be entitled to Vote in
the Election of Members of Parliament for the City
Dated this day of 184
(Signed)

TlMES.—Dublin, as our readers are happy to know, is one
of the places in which, after all their intimidation, the Liberals
have been unsuccessful. Such was their ferocity under the
disappointment, that when, on the Saturday night, the elec-
tion had terminated in favour of Mr. West and Mr. Grogan
(the former of whom was confined by indisposition to his
house), it became necessary that Mr. Grogan should return to
his residence under an escort ; ancraccordingly he went home
through the streets of that civilised metropolis guarded by a
party of the 10th Hussars! The same spirit which had so
savagely overawed the constituency of Dublin city, continued
to exercise its terrors upon that of Dublin county. The coal-
porters, as berate, were the most conspicuous of the ruffians.
On the night of Sunday, the 11th, the night immediately pre-
ceding the first day of the poll, they set fire to a dwelling-
house near Santry, and forcibly carried off and secured
twelve of the Roman Catholic tenants of Mr. Woods, of
Milvertown, who mere desirous to vote with their landlord
for the Conservatives. When the poll began, armed parties
of these coal. porters paraded the streets leading to Kilmain-
ham and the avenues around the hustings. On Tuesday and
Wednesday, indeo, when the advantage appeared to be with
the Popish candidates, the polling went on more quietly, but
on the night between the Wednesday and the Thursday, the
priests' party seem to have thought that an example was be-
come needful, and consequently a farmer, named Macalister, who
had voted for the Conservatives, was on that night waylaid on
his road home, near the village of Rathcoolc, and treated with
such violence that his life was not only endangered, but would
' in all probability have been sacrificed on the spot, but for the
timely arrival of one of the maileoaches from Dublin. In the
coure of Thursday, however, it became obvious that all these
murderous means would be unavaling ; and early on
the Friday morning the Radical candidates resigned.
It is probably to the near attendance of an ade.
quate military force that the discomfiture of the intimidation,
both in the city and in the county of Dublin, must mainly be
attributed. It will be seen as we proceed with these notices,
that in other districts, where the same assistance was not avail-
able, the violence and terror reached a height yet more bar-
barous, and succeeded in storming a bloody victory. We are
often told that there is no difference between the English and
the Irish people, and that therefore there ought to be no dis-
tinction between English and Irish institutions or franchises.
This difference, at least, between the English and the Irish
Constituencies, we think, is tolerably perceptible--that in order
to prevent intimidation at an English election, the military
mrst be marched out; in order to prevent it at an Irish elec-
tion, the military must be marched in.
POST.—We collect from the Whig-Radical journals of
Edinburgh, that Ministers are endeavouring to force Lord
Jeffrey to retire from the Bench of Justice in Scotland. as
they forced Lord Plunket to retire from the Chancellorship of
Ireland, and for the similar purpose of providing a place for a
hungry and importunate partisan. The Edinburgh Observer
says :—" Considerable excitement at present prevails in Leith,
in consequence of apparently well-founded reports that her
Majesty's Advocate, Mr. Rutherford, is about to retire from
the representation of these burghs, in expectation of being ele-
vated to the Bench, as it is understood great efforts have,
within the last few days, been made to obtain Lord Jeffrey's
resignation, on account of his recent serious indispcsi-
tion." It further appears that, in anticipation of the suc-
cess of this Scotch job, the Whig-Radical electors of
Leith have split into two hostile cabals, the one in favour of
Mr. Robert Steuart and the other in favour of Mr. Joseph
Hume, both in the unfortunate predicament of having been re
jected by other and more judicious constituencies. The Minis-
terial journal above quoted is decidedly of the Hume faction.
It says that, " Although Mr. Steuart's exertions in the cause
of reform are thoroughly appreciated by a considerable num-
ber of the electors, it is understood that the great seal
and unwearied labours of Mr. Joseph Hume have endeared
him to a large majority of the constituency. We
have no doubt that Mr. Hume will be peculiarly ac-
ceptable to the whole body of Dissenters. His career
as a public man has been devoted to the diffusion of Liberal
opinions. To a mercantile community, no man can come be-
fore it with treater claims than Mr. Hume. He is profoundly
versed in finance; and as a thorough Reformer of abuses in
f‘otiu‘ri•tethLriyheniodtichtehp:eavarenitardm,stetnt Mr. Hume stands unrivalled." It may turn
thathfe:v
hdo"aptyehsse
of
fog reoevabettraeyi efforts (:)ni,r teosi
member
dbwejhrei havecffohrfey
t,sh er e
Abs
liegiennniasttmieoranid:i!
may not be successful. In which case there will be no vacancy
triumvirate, Mr. Rutherford, Mr. R. M. Steuart, and Mr
Joseph Hume, will be equally blighted.

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEW s.
FROM THF. MORNING PAPERS OF THIS I)
CHRONICLE.— A further depression took 1 AY.
in the
clay, Consols for P Account
English funds at one period to-
having declined to 894 to %. The . cause of ttheflatness in
Consols may be attributed to various circiuemtestances, but we be-
the present un-
lieve the whole and sole cause merges
settled state of the weather, and the immediate consequences
arising from it. We had occasion last week to notice a decline
avrrliiccuhlawrlas followed yesterday
in the Continental Exchanges, which
by a more marked depression,.
from this circumstance occurring yen Hamburgh ; and
at a period when a somewhat
quantity of foreign corn is finding its way to this
considerable
country, with a disposition on them
epart of speculators to send
out further orders, we need not
Directors should deem it necessary tosuloropkristoed their
rt
etwahe Banposils.
posi-
tion,
and apply the screw in time, should it unfortu-
nately happen that an imortation of grain should be
required to any extent, althougha wel trust. that t
ethzereuLs
no occasion at present to look w
forthcoming crops ; still it behoves thgoseemcoynvnleecwter with the
mercantile world not to launch out too deeply into under-
akings where any contraction of
t the currency may lead to a
disastrous issue. We hive felt the more inclined to touch
upon this subject to-day, from the circumstance that we have
good reason to believe that the Bank Directors have already
seen the necessity of contracting the present already extraor-
dinary low circulation. The method said to be adopted in the
present instance is effected through the medium of the Bank
brok.er, who, it
CO is said, yesterday was a giver of i per cent.
continuation on 150,000 Consols for the Account, the real
operation being that of selling 150,000 stock for Bank notes,
and repurcLasing a similar amount at an advance of A per cent.
for the 26th of August. So that the effect of this operation is
obviously to take out of circulation that amount of notes, and
thus indirectly become themselves borrowers of money; which
Plan, if carried out to any extent, cannot fail to give it an in-
creased value, both in the Stock Exchange and Lombard-street.
TlkleS. The last Gazette contains the usual return of the
amount of notes circulated in England and Wales by private
and joint stock banks during the three months from the 27th
of March, 1341, to the 26th of June, 1841.
From this return it appears that the three months ending
the 26th of June, 1841, as compared with the three months
ending the 27th of March, 184/, show an increase of 284,6131.
bein
on in the last quarter, g the increase in the total amount of country notes in Mr-
as compared with the preceding culati
quarter. Of this amount 121,816/. is the increase in the notes
of the private banks, and 162,7971. is the increase in the
amount of notes of the joint-stock banks.
1841, with
By comparing the three months ending June 26,
tae three months ending June 27, 1840, the corresponding e-
d in last year, the decrease in the total quantity of country
notes is 860,7811., of which 529,218/. is the decrease of the
notes in the private banks, and 331,5631. is the decrease in
- -mount of notes of the joint-stock banks.
~4,n0. June_.26, Ir?i4ele,
2157, 1
10, 1841, wag34l

LNSTRUCTIONS.
Insert the name of the parish, and the nature of the
premises, as house, warehouse, counting-house, shop,
workshop, stable, shed, or as the case may be ; and the
name of the street, court, &c. ; put in the date, and
sign the names of the claimant, and his place of resi-
dence, at full length. Give this claim to an Overseer,
and carefully preserve a correct copy ; the person who
serves the claim should immediately write on the copy to
whom the claim was delivered, and the day of the month.
If any poor's rate be due in respect of the premises occu-
pied by the claimant, tender the amount. If omitted from
the List of Voters on the 31st of July, claim to be regis-
tered on or before the 25th of August.
In those parishes where there have been but one rate
made since the 31st of July last year, as in St. George,
St. Margaret, St. John, and St. Paul, Westminster, the
claimant (provided he claims on or before the 31st of this
present month of July) will be entitled to be on the forth-
coming register, as he will, in conformity with the Reform
Act, have claimed to be rated to all rates made during
the year.

But any person claiming in other parishes, where more
than one rate has been made since the 31st of last July,
will be entitled in the following year, whether rated or
not.

THE HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT.—A number
of workmen are at present engaged in making alterations
in the Houses of Lords and Commons. In both the bar
has been advanced upwards of 10 feet into the body of
the house, which will prove a great convenience on occa-
sions of the examination of witnesses. The chair of the
Sergeant at Arms has also been removed and placed even
with the bar, consequently several rows of seats for
members will be at the back of the Sergeant's chair. The
alterations and improvements going forward are consider-
ed very judicious. In the passages of the House of
Lords, Dr. Reid is making various experiments, the ob-
ject of which is to obtain, if possible, a regular heat and
a better ventilation.

According to the Boulogne Gazette, the number of
passengers that arrived at Boulogne from London and
Dover in the course of last week was 580, and the num-
ber that left was 568. The City of Boulogne steamer,
which made her voyage in twelve hours on Sunday last,
brought 166 passengers, and 20 horses.

~~~-._
1

4„c'13,4:"1yipa,," •

•

-:f .

•

ch
vice renders to Virtue." This
" Conser-
ol'rligi in of the name. of
WHAT IS A " CONSERVATIVE. ?"---" Hypo-
vative." It was the first degree in the sliding
scale. Some of the raw recruitsi are getting cold,
and are throwing off the mask. Colonel Sibthorp says,
Tory ;" and. the la,oy
Sir Goring says ,,
hcroinslyagise thwealsioi7ee
, I
hate the name of a Liberal. '
.Sir E• L. Bulwer said at
Lincoln, ~ I was alw,aip..suyiriso that they (the Tories)
should ti„ -4--: - -- - ,

IN 1839.

rammountipecessity o-f—stivv-a—js urnilLefinvien an • alitie,- "orilL"vb"...."-lualserVuuanyts' buwro."Zan7e their this Important
point a policeman vf wal-Qst blf ng at names when the haveb di • - ~ • ile that of the
11,113,2221!
• . cha y been . snu§sed fyr tlelinquency. ,
.
•--Brietton Herald.
--Ti-e-average of the yeatetini;,4lcoui v

• .

• About 12,000,000/.

_
NG SUN.
•
EVENT
, • ‘`‘ 400
--'441
0111*7. ‘IIP-1. 4.4 • -
; tt,
• -I'4 • ,1/ r-• • • t. , ' , = , / •
•
ID; 011
71.11111111M...Ma11iM.,

By combining the returns of the country circulation with
tie quarterly averages of the Bank of England, it appears that
in the three months ending June 26, 1641, es compared with
the preceding three months, ending March 27, 1841, there is
an increase in the total circulation of 379,613/. The increase
in the stock of bullion held by the Bank of England at the same
periods was 759,0001.
The quarter ending June 26, 1841, compared with the
corresponding quarter last year, ending June 27, 1840, shows
a decrease in the total circulation of 1,099,7811. The com-
parison of the stack of bullion held by the Bank of England at'
the same period shows an increase of 664,000/.
HERALD.—It may be remarked that, although no large
operations are being carried on, and speculation in point of Mee
is entirely inactive, yet the purchases for real investment are
sufficiently numerous still, chiefly however for account of pas-
ties now or lately in receipt of their dividends upon the Three
and 'Three-and-a-Half per Cent. stocks, the latter of which is
now open for transfers at the Bank also.. But for the
state of the weather and the efforts in Mark-lane to excite
exaggerated alarms on that head, there would have been a
strong tendency to a rise in the quotations. An advance in.
the prices of corn in bond of from Is. to 2s. per quarter is re-
ported from the Corn Market. It may be noted that the
weather is by no means so unfavourable for the prospects of a
fair harvest as assumed or asserted by interested parties. FOP
the rain, though heavy and continuous, is knon n to be only
partially so, and limited to certain districts, whilst, after all,
warm south-western showers, if fullowed seasonably by dry
summer weather, cannot fail to he profitable to tke growing
crops. It may be taken for granted also that a much larger
breadth of land was laid down for wheat at the close of last
year than perhaps for several years before.
POST.—It is folly to suppose that the Bank of England
can have any object in keeping down the amount of her note
issues, but the general 'welfare of the nation. The interest of•
the proprietors lies obviously in the contrary policy, could it be
pursued. The choice of foreigners in the exchange they shall
take for the corn and other commodities they send us alter-
nates between goods and gold. If goods be too high among us,
the exchanges make the fact apparent.
To what circumstance do the free-trade economists ascribe
the late awful failures at Vienna,Trieste,and other parts of Ger -
many ? We have had nothing at all approaching them in Eng-
land, and it is not pretended that they have been produced by
Corn-laws.
SUN.—There bas been again a less buoyant market for
Consols, but the Three-and-a-Half per Cent. Stocks,
owing to the plentifulness of money, and the want of
profitable safe employment for it, have improved.'
Consols were kept down by one or two loose reports of
failures, and by the continued rainy weather. For im-
mediate transfer they realised 89k to 894, closing at
89i to 894, and for Account they were 894 ii-, the latest
bargains, however, being at 89i to 90. Exchequer
Bills were 13s. to 15s. prem., and East India Bonds 4s.
to 6s. prem. Bank Stock was firm at 1711, and India
Stock at 2481 to 249 k. The Reduced Three-and-a-Halr
per Cents, were at 99i to i,
For Foreign Stocks a very slow sale was found to-
day. Spanish Bonds supported their price, as the intel-
ligence from Madrid via Paris received by express
to-day, was considered satisfactory. The money, price
was 20k. and that for account touched 201 ;_ Portuguese
New Five per Cents. remained at 301, and the Three
per Cents. at 18i ; Mexican Bonds of 1837 were at 2,
to II ; French Five per Cent. Rentes declined to Il4fi.
75c., and 115 c. ; and Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents-
were neglected at 51 to i.
In the Share market prices underwent no alteration.
requiring particular remark. Great Western brought
18 to 21 ; the New, 84 to 9 ; the Fifths, 54- to ?-, ; the
Birmingham Quarters, 18* ; the Thirds,. 41.4 ; and the
South Western, 15f to 164 premium. North Midland-
shares were 32k, Brighton 74, and Blackwall 94 discount.
T-

HE SUFFRAGE A SOURCE OF
REVENUE.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sru,—As the returns from the different elections
throughout the country render it altogether improbable
that the Ministerial plan for meeting the financial em-
barrassments will be carried into effect, I am induced to
suggest a mode of raising about one million and a half
yearly, and that in a way which, while it would not fall heavy upon any, would confer a benefit upon the many,
in securing in perpetuity the Constitutional right of the
suffrage to all.
It is simply this—to grant the suffrage to every adult
male (subject to a yearly registration as to residence),
for which the fee shall be six shillings. Assuming that,
tie present fee of one shilling covers the expenses, there
will remain five shillings to go to the Treasury, which
on an adult population of six millions would be one
million and a half pounds a year, as I propose.
Now, Sir, Ido not think any cogent objection can be brought against this mode of raising the supplies. It ia
but fair that every freeman should contribute something directly towards the support of the State. Those who
have already got the franchise should not consider six
shillings a year as too much, seeing they will have to
na v the same, or more, to make up the present de-
ficiency in the finances. Those who are as yet unenfran-
chiseci, would, I am confident, be willing to obtain their
freedom on these conditions. In fact, they are contri-
buting much about the same sum at present in their
associations for procuring Universal Suffrage. The
lowest weekly subscription is a penny per week, but
other expenses make it at least threehalfpence per week,
or sixpence per month, which is, indeed, the general
price of their cards of membership, that is, six shillings
per year, the sum I have proposed as the registration fee.
Tnis plan would enrol all the adult male population in
one class, similar to that of the capite censi of Ancient
Rome. And here, I may observe, that Rome, jealous of
h.r liberties, never entrusted the defence of her soil to
any but such as were free. Even whea the calamity of
Cannte obliged her to enlist her slaves, the very act of
enlistment became that of their manumission ; and, in
bearing the arms of the Republic, they cessed to be
slaves, and at once were free. In sacramentum nalitice
liberates servitia. Libertate donati
.fccerant de servitute
Rontanos. Entered on the roll of their peculiar tribes,
they from that day forward were entitled to vote for
-,Ediles Quwstors, frwtors, and Consuls ; those who, in
their donsular and Proconsular, Praetorian and Proprre-
torian dignities, swayed the destinies of the Republic at
home and in her Colonies. Further, this right once ob-
t:zinee, they never lost, but transmitted it unimpaired to
the latest hne of their posterity.
This country has been contented to pay twenty mil-
lions, or about one million per year, to purchase the free-
dom of the Black. Let not the adult male population
grudge to pay somewhat more to secure the perpetual.
enfranchisement of the White, when all classes and all
interests being fairly represented in Parliament there is
little doubt but that every question bearing on the
prosperity of the country will receive the amplest and
the most advantageous discussion within the walls of the
House of Commons.
The source of revenue which I now point out has this .
advantage, that as it appeals to the highest feelings di
our nature—the love of liberty, so it mutt continue to in-
crease with the increase of an enfranchised population.
' I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
WILLIAM VILLIERS SANKEY.
30, Harmood-street, July 19, 1841.

MINERAL PRODUCE OF FRANCE

(From the Moniteur Industrial.)
In the Administration of Mines, as in almost every
other department, there is great dilatoriness, in fact do
advance whatever has been made. Thus we are not in-
formed of the proceedings of the year 1839 till June
1841. It must be the general opinion that this is taking
things a little too leisurely. We ought to add, that in
order to proceed more quickly, and to abridge the labour,
the Administration of Mines has reproduced for the last
three years certain statements in which not a single
figure has been changed !
Before enumerating the details, we think it right to
make a statement of the progressive improvement of the
mines in France, with which the productive power of tho
country is more closely connected than with any other.
The value of all the mineral products amounted
In 1834 t 0....... Franc 5.................. 306,403,016*
was
Thusmadeit. wlitll
mbuespte
11883376 380,345,498
364;371,531
1838 365,402,136
1839 365,631,310
229,374
Excess of 1839 over 1838
rcnoetived,
be concluded fromin te •
act Ua
to produce, or q
.eir
there was any want of power
but only that the crisis
in the supply of ore in our forges,
have lately suffered, from which our manufactories hamleiningydistricts. But
con-
tinued to be felt in 1839 in
our
enter into the different
from the aggregate let
branches ofbemrineorfalliPgrdtuce, n o phriosgtriems
that
worked,
' coal mines, 1i 1 of whichare There are 232
'on.
the remainder are not in operation.
552 coal pits and 41 6 coal quarries open to
upitiotsn, iisn oBrd.B,eroftowthraicche t4hBe
adir-
funandtelinimolfB3w9l.ich
27
are
The number
and 40 not worked. There are 1,374 workmen
worked
employed in these pits.
etfj
mhe dif-
ferent
act
yre. changesar4 4 that
mines
theyo
There are
In these there are upwards
that in 1839
The number of turf pits in France, 3,732, of which
2,027 are worked. The quantity of turf obtained
and 17 nenotemwoprlkoyede.d.
amounts to 4,184,000 metrical quintals, the value of
The Department of Mines has stated the number of
workmen employed at the turf pits to be 41,703. The
difficulty experienced in procuring accurate statements,
with respect to the working of the turf' pits in the
lowvlfl9eiiis6nearly four millions of francs.
communes, leaves some uncertainly as to the number of
workmen engaged in that labour, and the value and quantity
of the turf which they supply. In a great many situations
the communal turf pits are only worked during some days in the summer ; and the turf which is extracted is
exclusively appropriated to the use of the inhabitants,
who have extracted it, or have caused it to be extracted
by their wives and children.
In some departments, on the contrary, the working of
turf is carried on very extensively, and the fuel sup-
plies many important manufactories ; such as sugar-
houses, distilleries, dye-houses, steam-boilers, lime-kilns,
&c. Turf is likewise used in some forges, but the quan-
tity consumed in the manufacture of iron appears to be
rather diminished than increased.

PEEL'S INCAPACITY.—We believe there has
been a sort of va9;ue idea floating in the minds of many
persons, that a IClicistry, of which Sir Robert Peel was
at the head, would be ready with measures of an im-
portant and beneficial character, especially relating to
Commerce, from which the interests that have so long
been suffering in Vie country might fairly expect to derive
considerable refs' and advantage ; and that, in the corn
mercial boroughs especially, this idea has occasionally
had a considerable influence upon the elections. W e
need not say that we do not participate in any such
hopes. Sir Re')erts hostility to the present Militate
rs
his opposition to the measures of relief which they have
proposed, have been such as to incapacitate himYrom ex-
tending effectual relief through the only available chan-
nels, without s fresh sacrifice of his personal character for
consistency and good faith.—Manchester Guardian.