The Sun.
London, England, 1840-09-03 00:00:00

STATE OF TRADE.

(From the Manchester Guardian.)
There is little change in our market this week, though
the demand for yarn, yesterday, was perhaps rather
better than on the preceding Tuesday, but without any
improvement in prices. In goods there was no altera-
tion, but a fair steady business at the rates of last week.
ROCHDALE FLANNEL MARKET, Aun.3l.—The in-
creased de:nand for flannels manifested last Monday,
has been fully maintained to-day. The market has
been well attended, and many pieces have been sold at
rather better prices. There is not much change in
the wool market : the demand is tolerably good at
steady prices.
HUDDERSFIELD MARKET, SEPT. I.—The demand
for most descriptions of goods to-day was equal to the
average for some weeks past, at much the same prices.
In fact there is little or no change to note either in the
raw material or manufactured article. Heavy woollens,
plain and fancy, and superior light fancy goods, are
nus e s there
eitherephuirectihyasienddeomnansdp.ecuViaetrioynf.ewignootdhseawrearel
made er
is a decided improvement. On the whole, a fair busi-
ness is doing at a moderate profit.

„
A LITERARY THIEF.— I esterday (Thursday)
a respectable-looking young man, about twenty-eight years
of age, and five feet eight or nine inches high, wearing a
brown surtout, called at the shop of Mr. C. N. Wright,
and after looking at several books, he put aside a Hebrew
Bible, M'Culloch's Dictionary of Trade and Commerce,
and Loudon's Enclyclopmdia of Plants, and other works,
amounting to 81., and said he would call in the evening
and pay IL deposit, and the remainder on Saturday.
However, he called again when he knew Mr. Wright
was absent, and whilst his son was reaching him some
books, he darted out of the shop with the Enclyclopa3dia
and Dictionary already mentioned, and got clear off.
The scoundrel has a knowledge of the French language,
and knows something of the Welsh.—Nottingham Review._
FOREIGN RAILROADS.—The Grand Duke of
Saxe-Weimar, the Duke of Saxe-Meningen, and the
Duke of Saxe-Gotha have entered into a treaty for the
mutual facilitating of the construction of railroads in their

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SlR,—The statement inserted in your paper of the
26th instant, under the head of " Church Jobbing," has
caused no little sensation and disgust, for although the
affait: was known to have taken place somehow or other,
it was never contemplated to have been so barefaced It
" job." nave only met with one individual (known as -
" a matter-of-het man") who has doubted its correctness,
but even ;ben h.-onfined himself to only one assertion
as being so. The -patsage he alluded to is this—" This
said person is lucky enough to have a son in the Churcl4,
who, within the space of talo years and a half, was the r
actual incumbent of all three (tlVegs) in succession, in'
order to suit his father's mercenary ma Sr The afore-
said person (no doubt a friend of the " fortunate yneth")
being exceedingly indignant at so short a time bein),
named (never reflecting that on some people it never
rains but it pours), is most anxious that it should Of
corrected. Although you never flinch from exposing-
abuse, I am nevertheless aware you would not wish to
wound the tender feelings of any person by a mistepre-
sentat:on ; therefore in order that you may satisfy this
fastidious one, I have ascertained this to be the fact. h
the early part of September, 1838, " the fortunate
youth" was rector of , in the county of —;
in the Litter part of the same month, and in the same
year, he was found rector of , in the county of
; and in the month of March, 1840, he was in-
ducted to the rectory of --, in the county of—.
proving incontestibly that this veracious person had
better leave off intermeddling, and thu;, instead of "a
much longer time" than two years and a haft having
elapsed, it is on eighteen months.
If this is not " Jobbing" pray Sir what is?
A REAL MATTER-OF-FACT MAN.
, August 31.

OF TIM' LAWS RELATING TO
BANKRUPTS AND li;SOLVENT DEBTORS.

Tan law relating to bankrupts is Confined to traders
under certain conditions.

'Fee law relating to insolvent debtors is applielble
only to debtors, whether traders or non-tradeifi,
have undergone a certain imprisonment.
The immediate object of the bankrupt law is the
Equal distribution of the effects of traders who cannot
meet their engagements ; its ordinary consequence is.
the rc...1e..50 of such traders from all future liability of
thee:- persons and after-acquired property:
The object of the law for the relief of insolvent
debtors is the personal discharge of honest debtors,
prolonged imprisonment by way 0; punishment for the
b. amongst
presentdishonest
effects and f r
andnu du
futurelent,anadegaufiarierd pdtr;:oprty ribution of their
their creditors.

It appears to us that there are defects in both these
branches of the law, and that the provisions of each ate
inadeqn ite to the several objects they have in view.
Tice statutes relating to bankrupts were originally
enacted to meet cases of fraud, for which the ordinary
forms of the law did not afford effectual remedy, and
were founded upon principles of extreme severity. By
p;tngressive alterations they have become more lenient,
and have been extended to many classes of persons,
not originally ;;:eluded in their provisions.
The bankrupt law provides, indeed, efficient means for
the discovery of property and the detection of fraud,
but it is defective in provisions for the punishment of
dishonesty ; for if the bankrupt fully discloses his trans-
actions, and submits himself to the jurisdiction of the
Court (even at the last moment, and after a most liti-
gious resistance), his misconduct, however flagrant, can-
not be visited by any direct punishment.
On the other hand, the law for the relief of insolvent
debtors affords no efficient means for the discovery of
property, or the detection of fraud. but does afford
(though to a very limited extent) an indirect power of
pun;shing dishonest and fraudulent debtors by a rsmand
to prison.
There are, then, two systems of law relating to
debtors who cannot satisfy their creditors : the one
being confined to tr.:-
ders comparatively deeply involved,
whom it protects from periznal restraint ; whilst by the
other, those who have contraett.:l debts to a smaller
amount must undergo imprisonment. By the one the
debtor obtains an absolute release, and by ale other a
release only of his person. By the one prompt and
effectual powers for the collection, the discovery, and
the seizure of property are afforded, and by the other
very inefficient means ; by the one there is no power to
punish fraud, and by the other such power is given
(though to a very limited extent); the one operates in
invil ton, whilst the other may be, and can only effectu-
ally be, put in force by the voluntary act of the debtor.
—.Extractfrom the Report of the Commission of Inquiry.

AGRICULTURAL REPORT FOR

AUGUST.

This has been 'a glorious month—a ripening period,
which has set at naught all the fictions that have been
trade current throughout the country, with the sole ob-
j. et of 'keeping up the prices of the necessaries of life.
The temperature has been most benign, for, subsequent
to the 25th of July, four cit;:s only have occurred in
which the maximum has not been at or above 70 deg.,
and on many occasions the mercury bar ranged above
10 deg. higher.
All meteorological observations must to a cerzZin ex-
tent be local, yet we believe it will scarcely admit of
doubt that, from the extreme east of England to the
west of Devonshire, a vast belt of country, the finest
corn land of the kingdom, has experienced little other
than dry weather since May ; theretbre the few rich
and fertilizing showers which fell during the period in-
cluded between the 10th and 21st of August have been
hailed as blessings to the country. Where we reside,
indeed, so droughty has been the entire summer, that
bad it not been for the seasonable supply of rain the
tut nips must have failed, and green fodder of any
sort been extremely scarce. Even in the north and
west, where the outcry of destruction was raised, we
could not but be amused at reading of the great benefit
which was conferred by the late gentle rains. Truly it
is not a little remarkable that a country which has been
deluged by floods of rain during many consecutive
weeks, and ploughed up by water spouts, should, after
little more than a fortnight of fine weather, find cause of
congratulation in the recurrence of rain. Be this as it
may, there is, and has long been, ample cause of grati-
tude and rejoicing—for such a harvest, so rich, so dr),
so secured, has not (as a general thing) been witnessed
during the course of several years.
Wheat is no longer in the fields ; even the springs
sown Talavera is housed ; the grain large, firm,
,and
when compared with that of 1838-9, as respects size
and condition, is as three are to two. Barley is cut and
carried at once to the barn or rick, so trifling and so dry
is the green herbage at the bottom. The Tartar] oats
arc ripening the latest in the course, and are suffered to
remain in sheaves, but, like their precursors, they go to
the rick as dry as the sun and air can render them.

'fae red-chaffed wheat has nobly sustained its honours
and acquited new ones. Beautiful and striking in ap--
pearance, its seeds, when examined closely, have sur-
passed those of the Chittam, the gigantic, or any other
variety ; and we hope to see it everywhere. We be-
lieve, also, that it has established the great fact that
aintzie wheat can retain its character in our soils.
Potatoes must prove ' a varying crop. Our own are
ripe a month in advance ; and so dry has been the
whole season that the yield is very low indeed. In the
north there has, no doubt, been three times the quan-
tity of rain that has fallen within thirty miles of London,
and there the potatoes will yield in proportion ; but the
average, like that of peas and beans, must be at pre-
sent threatening. We have accounts from Bucks,
Nurthamptoa, Hertfordshire, Dersetshire, all gratify-
our own judgment assures us of the welfare
of Berkshire, great part of the south and east of Buck-
ingham, and of Middlesex. Fruit is most abundant
and cheap, and, as a finale, we may safely assert that
nothing has occurred to damp the joy of the harvest to
this day.

Hop DUTY.—A deputation of Sussex Hop..
planters waited on Augustus Elliott Fuller, Esq , of Rose-,
hill. and on G. Darby, Esq.,
M. P., on .Thursday the
9.7tti ult., for the purpose of consulting those gentlemen
as to the means best to be adopted in endeavouring to
obtain of the Lorda of het- Mojesty's Treasury a remission
or postponement of the instalment of hop-duty due in
November next. Mr. Darby and Mr. Fuller agreed with
the deputation as to the necessity for attempting to avert
the deplorable consequences which must necessarily ensue,
bo'h to planters and labourers, should the payment of the
duty be enforced. The result of the interview was a re-
quisition for a general meeting of planters, to be held on
Monday, the 14th of September instant, at the George
Inn, Hope-green; at which the above two gentlemen will
be present. The Hon. C. C.- Cavendish, M.P., and
numerous other gentlemen are also invited to attend. The
chair will be taken by Augustus FL Fuller, Esq., at
twelve o'clock. It is obviously the interest a the various
hop districts to exert themselves in this matter.—Brighton
Guardian.

THE HARVEST.—The result of our reading
reports from all parts of the country relative 'to the harvest
is the formation of a favourable opinion, as regards both
quantity and condition. The rain appears to have done
much less damage than was apprehended. In southern
and midland counties most of ,thetcorn ixobonsed ; while
in the more northerly districts the operations. of the bar-
v. st-ficld are going on actively, and' should favourable
weather continue, the land will soon be cleared., . All ac-
counts do not concur, but on tbe whole, and taking the
at crags, as we just said. the crops, it is confidently anti-
cipated, will turn out well.
iMPORTAgT TO THE Tl,"*.."_ 4R TRADE.--By
en order of the Treasury,' jusi-received at Liverpool, the
difference of duty betweert-the 51. per cent. ,Ishid under
the 3d Victoria, cap. 17, commencing tbe 16th- Mix last,
and that under the 19th cap. of the same session,' tom.
that
The interval,
artiarticles
mencing June 16, will be returned on application 6 the
Board of Customs, specifying the daattisetetsnhse when the duty was
epnaidti.mbeTr hcehadrigffdrenbcyothreetiuornada.bbe
le s esno all articles eic„e— t
awnbdolbeatotfe-atheei:ps,
dpeeralcseanntd. paid
dl
duringends. excepted pay, by
virtue of the last-named Act, )
a small rated duty, so that
the difference between the / 6 . per cent. paid thereon and
that rated data will be returned to them.