The Sun.
London, England, 1841-08-31 00:00:00

PRICE 5d

defendants had in, re than anytking convinced them .of
the truth of the whole of the evidence against them, a- ad
the Bench then withdrew to another room to deliber tio
whether they should not at once commit the defendan ts,
to hard labour in the House of Correction for a mon 'vh.,
and, after an abnno of an hour, on their return ii ito
Court, •
Mr. BAILLIE said the Bench }tad convicted the whc Ie
of the .defendants of the charges made a<minst the; n.
investigation,. and, being desirous of administering
They had done so after a most lengthened and patie )t
te
law without reference to the parties being AO or poc
he had hesitated for some time, and had vOtT7 unwi
given way, his intention having been to" e4).ln
.sge'll of them to the House of Correction for one NO n`"
Under the supposition, however, that•they were g&
men, and moving in that station of society in which la'
a punishment would be a slur upon them during t.
future lives, he had. consented to the infliction of pen '4'
ties, and the decision of the Bench was, that Mr. Ra,
mood Newton pay a 'fine of 40s. for furious driving s!
or one month's imprisonment ; also 51. for assaultim
the policeman Smith, or one month ; 51. for the assaul.
on policeman Travis, or one mouth ; and 40s. for disor-
derly conduct at the station, or one month. ,John Gold-
smith, for assaulting Mr. Ayres, 5/., or one month ; 5/.
for assaulting policeman Keywood, or one month ; and
40s. for improper conduct at the station, or one month.
Richard Boyle, 40s. for assaulting Policeman Keywood,
or one month ; and 20s. for his conduct at the.. station-
house, or one month. Mr. Henry Newton, 405... or one
month, for disorderly conduct at the station. house.
They had made a difference in the case of Mr. 1-ienrY
Newton, but they considered Mr. Raymond Newtt.'n'!,
conduct well deserving of a committal to the House ‘ln
Correction.

Mr. li. Newton inimediately.pulled out a roll of Bank
of England notes, and paid the whole of the lines,
amounting to 311.

SPIRIT of the %PUI3M-e• JOURNALS.,
(max THE IKORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.)
CHRONICLE.— Lord Melbourne announced in the
House of Lords last night, the resignation of himself
and colleagues ; -the acceptance of that resignation .liy
her Majesty, and their continuance to hold their offics...s.
till their successors were appointed. No man knovr::4
better LOrd Melbourne what theeceasion demands;
and confining himself to the bare fact he evinced his
Its.:nal tact and judgment. A change in the Administra-
tion of a mighty empire is an important event ; but it is
important v, ith reference to the interests of the people ;
and as such a change implies either a departure from
'the system on which the Government is conducted, or a
more factious struggle for place ; there is always
a danger, lest, on the one hand, warmth of manner
should- be attributed to personal disappointment,
and, on the other, lest moderation' towards op-
ponents should be mistaken for indifference to-
wards the nation, of which the welfare is at stake.
The termination of an Administration which be-
gan its career by the Reform Bill, and ended it by a
measure of .commercial freedom, is no ordinary event.
That Administration forms an important section in the
history of this empire. We will not allow ourselves to
indulge in gloomy anticipatioas, because we do not be-
lieve that any Administration can repress the indomit-
able energies of the nation, or change its ultimate des-
tiny ; but still the substitution of a Tory Government
for one of which the mission was institutional and admi-
nistrative Reform, cannot be contemplated with indiffe-
rence by any well-constituted mind. It is a temporary
triumph of the evil principle. Its tendency is to throw
damp on the exertions of those who have the inte-
rests of the millions at heart. That the intentions
of the departed Ministry were, from first to last,
honest towards the millions, will be allowed with-
out hesitation, even by those who may think that
a more decided 'course might have better ena-
bled them to realize ' their intentions. But then
the purity of their intentions drew on them the hostility
of the party by which they have at last been vanquished.
Their principal mistake lay in supposing that concilia-
tory conduct towards their opponents might disarm their
opposition. A party banded. together by selfish motives
are to be disarmed by rigour rather than conciliation.
But into this wide field we will not now enter. One im-
portant fact characteristic of the late Ministry and their
opponents we cannot help noticing. The late Ministry
commanded a majority in the House of Commons till
they evinced a determination to prefer the welfare of the
people to the claims of monopolists—till, in the behalf
of the people, they braved the all-powerful class-of land-
owners. We do, not wonder that some of those who
once fought side by side with the departed Ministry.
should, in their triumph, feel the alloy of some uneasy
reminiscences. Lord Stanley's speech affords, we think,
unequivocal evidence that his Lordship already begins to
suspect that he is in bad company.
TIMES.—The circumstance of none of the Conserva-
tive leaders having spoken in the recent debate except
Mr. Goulbarn and Sir Robert Peel, and the former of
these gentlemen having risen only on the spur of the
moment to expose the financial fallacies of the law
Chancellor of the Exchequer, :while Sir Robert Peel
confined himself principally to a statement of the views
with which he is himself about to enter office—these
favourable circumstances enabled Lord John Russell to
make a plausible speech, in which he affected to com-
plain that the Whigs were condemned without having.
the articles of impeachment against them produced. The.
simple reply is, that the Conservatives did not wish to
re-open all the details of a question which was fully ar-
gued in the last Parliament. When a prisoner, who has
been found guilty, after a long and patient investigation,
is brought up for judgment, it is not customary in Bri-
tish courts of justice to go through the whole proves ver-
bal of the trial a second time. It would have been more
appropriate, and far more seasonable, if Lord John Rut -
sell had taken the opportunity which was offered him
three months since to make his defence before the coun-
try returned. its verdict. This, however, does not ar-
pear to have been his own view of the case. He reserved
the catalogue of Whig successes with which he enter-
tained the House of Commons on Saturday morning for
a last dying speech and confession—a funeral oration
over his departing Government. He was disposed, like
Vauxhall rocket, to go off in a blaze. We suspec',
however, that the country will be but little dazzled by
the exhibition. It may puzzle and amuse people for a
few brlef moments to hear men drummed out of a regi-
ment to the tune of " See, the Conquering Hero comes,"
but we doubt much whether there is any one whose rela-
tive notions of success and failure will be at all altered
.
by the phenomenon.
ADVERTISER.—RoyaI Addresses are commonly re-
markable only for their vague generalities, and shallow
and unmeaning tautologies ; but her Majesty, on open-
ing the present. Session, threw off the consecrated gar-
ment of mysticism, and for once spoke to the hearts, as
well as to the understandings, of her people. Her lan-
guage on the subject of fiscal reform was plain, simple,
and intelligent, conveying her determination to direct
the light of inquiry to one of the most enormous evils
ever tolerated in an enlightened country—that of impo-
litic and partial taxation. We have already laid before
our readers the several items representing the aggregate
amount of our taxation, and from them they may form
some conception of its magnitude and importance. But
the cardinal error and evil of the existing system,
is the inequality of its pressure on the several
classes of society. The amount of the burden, heavy
as it is, would be but a comparatively small grievance,
did it rest chiefly upon those who have strength to sus-
tain it. If the seventy millions, which constitute the
Government and local taxes were assessed upon the
property of the country—as reason and justice suggest
that they should be, and not, as now, in defiance of every
equitable principle, upon its industry, or, more properly
speaking, upon the fund required for the subsistence of
the population—the consequences resulting from even a
profligate scale of expenditure would be scarcely notice-
able, because almost wholly unfelt. But very
different is the present system, the evils of which
are, as we have already said, almoSt innumerable.
At each successive step of an inquiry into its details,
some new grievance, operating most injuriously to the
public interests, and pressing with almost intolerable
severity upon the weaker classes, is discovered, and ex-
cites wonder at the folly or wickedness by which it was
devised, and is still kept in existence. We could have
wished that her Majesty's Address had taken a broader
and more statesman-like view of the question, not con-
fining itself to any one detail of the system, but boldly
directing attention to it as a whole ; for, assuredly, no
one part of it can be revised, in any important degree;
without involving the necessity of a thorough reform of
the whole. But however far the Royal Speech may have
fallen short of our desires in this respect,
fail to recognize in it the admission of
sound prin-
ciple of fiscal economy. we cannot
a '
POST.—When the Whig Ministers advised the dis-
solution of Parliament, they either expected to obtain a
considerable accession of strength in the House of Com-
mons, or they did not. If they did expect such a result
the fact indicates such ignorance of the state of political
feeling among the electors, and such vain unfounded con-
fidence:in the popular regard for the Whig Government,
as proves the unfitness of these Ministers for the offices
which they held. Under the present constitution of this
country no man deserves to hold office who is ignorant
of the state of public feeling, or deceived as to its pro-
bable hearing in the event of a general election. On the
other hand, if Ministers did not expect an accession of
strength by the election of a new Parliament, the object
in dissolving must have been to prevent a dissolution un-
der the Conservative Government, which they saw to
be inevitable. The object must have been to gain
for the purposes of the Opposition, certain seats which
are tolerably well understood to be obtained by the in-
fluence of the Government. If this be so, the managers
who are capable of such a trick well deserve all the ill-
luck wh.si could befal them. The unexpectedly large ma-
jority a inst them was a just rebuke against such official
perfidy. But whatever the true theory of the recent dis-
solution may be, and however vexatious its results may
be to the Whig-Radical party, we cannot but look upon
it as a most fortunate circumstance for the Conservatives.
If Sir Robert Peel had taken the Government and con-
tinued the late House of Commons, he would have been
wantipg in that commanding strength which is so essen•
tial to the vigorous conduct of affairs. If he had taken
the Government and then dissolved the House, his ma-
jority would in that case have been attributed to Govern-
ment influence, and not to the popular preference for
Conservative principles and modes of Government.
HERALD.—That portion of Sir Robert Peel's most
eloquent speech in advocacy of a general disarmament,
is full of the most useful truths and the highest thoughts

.. ______.
_...._,.. ... •
t great statesman. The eloquence of his langxae eit
elhough it be, was poor indeed in comparison 1‘ i h
eloqUence of the thoughts and opinions it convcv! 1.
it he .becrin the advocate of the " hewers of w; K 1
d drainers of water" in every country.in Europe. '1."10
fight non. Baronet ploadett for the alleviation of snffei
:g htunanity in every European State.jfeheld up t q
lonarchs.and Legislaturc.s the nrp,leezret i:-! whi6 It
ae strength of nations really lies. Ih) sternly rebukt A
.tubition -and military glory ; he feelingly. point( 11
4',0 the " victories of peace " as the only.nonquests wort ii
achieving. Ile irresistibly demonstra,tecl that th 3
advancement of or.e nation was not necessarily based E
op the lowering or degradation of another, and bold 1:, r
Pr?elatined to the world that while England, under hi a
Fu';ance, -would. submit to no' ingults or ha juri ..s, sb*
' would offer the right hand of fellowship to every State.. J whatever be the form of its Government or the f:tith c
(its people. These sentiments, as honourable to his Itear4 as to. his head, must shortly ,render Sir Roi,ert Pea r s
Popular throughout Europe as he now„,i,: ,in hi., my/4
country ; they are wise and benevolent, v.ither: be.inz:
time-serving and popularity-huntimT; Will, the::. thee
great Powers of Europe adopt :mid' act on opinit;;ls so*
essential to their real intAiihti ? Will they teo;.,,edour. the system graduallyt,:beComing intolerahl 1, of adding-;
.tax to tax, • of raising pile on pile of national debt and,
liability -? Is there to be no end of burdening the people,
.only for the purposes of blood and war ? These are thee :important questions Sir Robert Peel has put to Europe., .A favourable answer depends on France. The respowei
')ility now resting Louis Philip ' and his Minister, M_.
Gnizut, is stupendous; the progress of humanity and the,
advancement of the material interests of the world .are,,, to a considerable extent, in their hands.

MONEY MARKET and CITY 'NEWS-
, TIZERs74-=?Thle MeoxitiztaatiiiriAl
rzinftsMOarrkTi-fllasnia':isTiliat the,
' averages of wheat returned next. Thursday will .-ive th
price at least 715. per quarter, and that . b e
con the,
duty '
on foreign wheat will fall from its present rate of
_l3.s. Bd. to 6s. 841. per quarter. This average will note
he waver, it is said, in any degree represent the present;
sae le of the corn-market, as it will have been struck.
1.11 ncipally on old wheats alone, while during the last;
, fete days the new wheat has been broughtinto the more-
lca -:,, and to-day in particular there was a plentiful -sup-.
pli .. The new wheats, therefore, will scarcely be reps;•-•
,ee.t ited in the averages, which it is expected will f:11
i
st. irtly after their rise. For not only will .
.. .
of I -oreign corn taken outof bond, rhea quantity
and the au »1 • ots
inn wpl„;Town vviivats eeeiduce ' '—
'' ' - l'iie're'' - (t - L.:`,,
4,4ohiptuviat
.rate car wi .. -0 in Tior quality, an .e,,..., In 'w,,' 4. '
''.
go to the bushel, there is an ndditionarcause for a re-
due, 'ion in price. It is to remedy cases like this, when
the, value of the bushel varies according to the quality
of Ate wheat, that the plan has been sometimes sug-
gest/el. of taking the averages by-weight instead of by
/fleas& re, but this has been considered impracticable from
4ie trouble and delay that would attend the
process.
'".. "he papers are all in e American
1. intenance their turn advocating
the m of " an efficient home squadron,"
:ouch.b•-. 'hey
e state would protect them against 'i. •
a one as L. • SU k iwettob,
and allow ta em, to keep pace with the improvements or -
England and'le ranee. The New Orleans papers received.
to-day broach the' same subject, and, pursuing it with
some ardour, say, "We tient the establishment of a,
1 home squadron is the first of a series of measures that:
the Whig Administration will maturely consider, in or-•
der to establish a judichns's System ,of national defence,
e while having in view espectie.ly the iievelopment Of oar-
maritime resources, and the coluidetiorr of a naval arma-.
ment consistent with the wants of out vast commerce-
and spacious seaboard." At New Orleans the yellow
fever was, as usual. in the months of July and August,
taking off numbers of the inhabitants. The .Money
Market was quiet. The speculators in Texan Apaper
currency would not pay the prices that had fonaeriv-
ruled, premising that the low would never be completed,.
and that if it was, no part Veculd he made available t(e•
• pay off the outstanding liabilities of' the republic.
CHRONICLE.-13y the liamburgie mail which ar-
rived this morning a-favourable turn, it appears, had
taken place in the exchange on. London in that .city on
Friday last, the rates having advanced half a sciiilling,
accompanied with a decline in Oil of 14- mark. This
favourable feature in the exchanges contributed to pro-
duce the advance in the Funds we have noticed above.-
It Shows that the drain on the Bank Ines in the .incan-
lime subsided, and that money is likely tq become easier.
by the Directors relaxing their stringent action on the:
currency.
The Quebec papers of the 11th of August cobtain a.
copy. of the first report made by the Committee of the
Legislative Assembly on the subject of the currency,
according to-the recommendations of which u Bill had
been introduced into the provincial legislature, which.,
proposes that all Acts or parts of Acts relating to the•
value of gold, silver, and copper coin in Upper and Lower
Canada, or to the amount thereof respectively to be paid'.
in paymentof debts, and received as a legal tender, or
in any manner .relating to the currency, and contrary
to the provisions of this Act, shall be and are repealed.
It is then enacted that the pound currency shall be
such, that the Pound sterling, as represented by the Bri-
tish sovereign, of the weight and fineness now fixed by
the laws of the United Kingdom, shall be equal to, raid
Such British sovereign shall be a legal tender for one
pound four shillings and threepence currency. Nothing
shall affect the mmning of the words " sterling,' or
" sterling money of Great Britain," in past acts or con-
tracts ; bat in any future law, contract, or agreement,
the pound sterling shall have the value in currency as-
signed in this Act to the British soverejgri. The eagle or
the United States of America, coined before the Ist or
July, 1834. and weighing eleven pen nywairires si-x-gyains
(troy), shall pass and he a legal tender t,'r two poundzi
thirteen shillings and fourpence crirreney ; undo.t.he - -
eagle coined after the said day and befiirirTF-.7-1, wcngn- --
int-, ten pennyweights eighteen grains (troy), shall pass
and be a legal tender for two pounds ten shillings.
lIEHALI).—The Quebec Papers to the 12th instant, -
contain an account of the expenditure and estimated re-
venue of Canada for the year 1841. ' These tables are
very satisfactory and place the resources of the colony
in a favourable liitht. The stun required for the public
service is 357,25E1. Is. 70. sterling, in which are included
5,7801. 4s. Bd. for defraying the expenses of forwarding •
emigrants to their destinations atter arriving in- the
provinces ; 1,500/. on account of making a geological
survey of the country, and 60,8801. 13s. led. for the in-
terest of the public debt. The income is set down at
383,390/. Is. Id., of which the amount _levied on. ini,
ports by sea is 181,5801. ; leaving a surplus of upwards-
or 26,0001. Immigration was still on the increase, the
official returns showing an excess over 1840 of 4,540;
the number in that year being 19,074, and to the 7th
of August, 1841, 23,614. Th quantity of flour and
wheat exports from Canada to this country tie the'loth of
July was 271,154 bushels .of the latter, and 155,223 :
barrels of the former. .
POST.—Money was again obtained • upon the nun-.
rantee of stock on very easy terms ft r limited periods.
The Corn Market, as had been foreseen, was.
greatly depressed, the new English wheats brought for-
ward selling at a heavy reduction on the prices quoted.
this day week. The corn jobbers are always found Ms
resist a coming decline with an obstinacy common to-
monopolists ; but the appearance of things to-day fur-
nished the surest evidence of the difficulty in which
they have placed themselves by a too ready belief in the
insufficiency of the home supply.
The arrival at market of samples of new wheat, and
the uninterrupted continuance of fine weather, must;
put an end to all apprehension for the present sea-
son. Some thousand quarters will, no doubt, be ,
imported, though probably not entered for consumption.
Importation is usually going on upon a scale of in aged-
tude varying according to circumstances, but this ha in,
itself no proof whatever of a positive deficiency in the:
production of the native grower. Prices have been high:
on the Continent, and the parties who may have ven-
tured on importations cannot fail, when their matters
are brought to a practical issue, to realise immense losses
upon them. With a fixed duty of Bs. per quarter, their
case would have been even worse, in cousequenca, of the•
increased. competition there would have been in the.
trade. A money panic and general d,scredit would.
have been the first fruits of the change, bad the Govern-
ment scheme been canned, nor can it be questioned that.
the severest distress commercial as well as agricultural,
would have proved the sequel.
SUN.—The Public Securities exhibit still a very firm aspect
and prices to-day were about i per cent. better. Consols
for immediate transfer were marked 894 to 90, and for
Account 901 to .
Exchequer Bills were los. to 17s. premium,
i
and India Bonds 2s.
to 4s. premium. The New Three-and-a-
%%•ere 98 3 and the Three per Cents. Re-
Half per Cents. 1 to Tf
dueed, 90,1 to if-
The Foreign Market was more active to day, and prices
ranged rather higher. Spanish Active Bonds touched 2011 and
2011. Portuguese New Cents. were 30/4 to i. Co-
lombian Six Five per
..,
per Cents. 20-/- to 21. Peruvian lh to 14, and
Dutch Two-and•a-Half per Cents were 51i to 52.
There was a very brisk market for Shares to-day, and in
most instances better prices were obtained. Great Western
Railway touched Is, the New 7 ; Birmingham 72% to 731/3 ;
and the South Western 155 premium. Brighton were as
high as 24; Blackwell 9; and Manchester and Leeds 1014
discount. Provincial Bank of Ireland Shares were 16 premium.
As the Boundary question is likely to be a source of some
trouble to the New Government, our readers may judge of the
disposition of the Americans from the following extract from a.
payer received to-day :-
" Two or three weeks ago there was a rumour that two com-
panies of the United States troops at Houlton were to be
moved farther north, one company to be stationed at the Fish
River post, and another at Fort Fairfield, on the Aroostook ;
but we have not been able to obtain any certain information
respecting it, other than this, that Mr. Webster informed .a
certain gentleman that it was to take place, and in an off-hand
way referred him to the Secretary of War for particulars.
" Something appears to be on foot, but whether it is a feint or
a reality, we have no means of knowing. We hope it is to ex-
pel the British invaders from our soil ; if so, we go for it heart
end soul. Invaders have descerated our roil long enoegh. It will
even afford us cltisfaction to hear that in six months
the party in power have found out 'that British troops are
within our borders. Last December it was first knowa that
they were removed from Lake Temiscouta to the Madawaska,
30 or 40 miles towards the heart of the State; but the Governor
and the majority of the Legislature, did not appear to be aware
of the fact, so far as any measeres taken to remove them was
concerned, and nothing has been done towards removing them
to this day. Some cool resolves were passed just before the
adjournment of the Legislature about the boundary in general,
and that was all. The bold and active State policy of Gover-
nor Fairfield's Admiuictration, we regret to say, is not fol-
lowed up."

DIED.—At the Royal Naval Hospital, Ply-
mouth, on the 21st instant, Captain Hugh Nurse, R.N., aged
45 years. He held the command of the African station in her
Majesty's ship Iris. " James's Nan! History" records his
command of a tender of her Majesty's ship Tyne, in the West
Indies, in the year 1820, when he highly distinguished himself
in a desperate and successful conflict against a very superior pi-
ratical force, in which action he was most severely wi,unded.
He was sincerely beloved by all who knew him.
A soldier on duty at the prison of Orleans
was, a few days since, attacked by one of the large dogs which
are kept to guard that building, and before any assistance could
reach him was severely bitten. The infuriated animal was
obliged to be shot, in order to release the man from his grasp,
as no one dared approach him.

EVENING SUNT: -

~~3