The Sun.
London, England, 1847-06-25 00:00:00

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.

LONDON, JUNE 24.,—Wind S. W. by S., moderate bree: ze,
and cloudy.
DEAL,' JUNE 23.—Wind W. to S.W., fresh and squally:
Arrd. Apollo, Peake, Grenada; Donna Carmelita, Drysdal 'e,
St. Lucia; Calonia, Rikersten, St. Thomas, and sailed or
Flushing; Sussex, Comin, Jamaica; John Oldham, Cantu ty,
ditto; Carolina, Artana, Havannah ; Clinton, Mantanza a ;
Queen Pomare, St. John's, New Brunswick. Sld. Velore a nd
Aurora, Calcutta.
LIVERPOOL, JUNE 23.—Wind W. to N.N.W.,
Arrd. British Queen, Conway, New Orleans; Mary Cam p-
'Sell, Hannah, ditto. Sid. Ringdove, Port-au-Prince ; Patric
ivalenry, New York. Off port, Washington Irving, Julie t,
a ald Henry Clay.
CLYDE, JUNE 22.—Arrd. Highlander, McMillan, St.
I:itts ; Courier, Thompson, Porto Rico ; Astracan, Ford, New
Orleans; Alexander, Graham, Newfoundland.
CORK, JUNE 21.—Wind N.W.—Arrd. Pods Radulorech,
Now Orleans.
LONDONDERRY; JUNE 19.—Arrd. Elgin, McCulloch, St.
Andrew's, New Brunswick.

MISS LINWOOD'S PICTURES.—SeveraI of the very
interesting and ingenious productions of this most extra-
ordinary and highly talented lady are, we observe, to be
offered to-morrow by auction, by Mr. Phillips, New
Bond-street. _ _ _

THE WATERLOO DINNER.—We regret to find that
Major- Genet al Sir Alexander Cameron, 11.C.8., Colont.l
of the 74th Highlanders, was unable to atteod this festi-
val from severe illness. The gallant General came every
year from his seat in the Highlands expressly to join
his distinguished friends in the commemoration of the
glorious victory. Sir Alexander served with marked
distinction in Egypt and throughout the Peninsula cam-
paign, and at Waterloo, with the Rifle Brigade, where
he was very severely wounded.—Observer.
NEWCASTLE RACES AND THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.
—Anxious to communicate the earliest intelligence of
the above races, we made arrangements at Newcastle
for daily messages per electric telegraph to Rugby,
where envelopes, properly addressed, were provided for
their transmission by the first up-train. On Tuesday
the results of the Produce, Northern Derby, and Tyro
Stakes, were forwarded without delay, and of course,
were received at Rugby, but from some cause that re-
mains to be explained, they have never reached us.
The news, however, was known in town early the
same evening, and the flats were floundered as
usual. On Wednesday the authorities were graciously
pleased to forward our message, and the principal races
appeared in our paper of yesterday; the result of the
Northumberland Plate, however, was known in London
long before our parcel arrived, and the flats were again
robbed to some extent. This is not the first time we,
or rather the public, have suffered from the mis-
management of the electric telegraph on this line, and
we trust our present notice of it will lead to some
inquiry. To-day we have been again disappointed, "The
Cup" has not arrived.

CONTINENTAL COMMUNICATION. - The South-

Eastern and Continental Steam-packet Company's
steam-ship the Lord Warden left Folkestone for Bou-
logne at 5 A. N. Wednesday. The Prince Ernest arrived
at Folkestone from Boulogne at 7 A. N., and again left
Folkestone for Boulogne at 4 P. M., with 116 passengers;
and the Lord Warden arrived at Folkestone from Bou-
logne at 5 r. at., with 50 passengers.
CURIOUS CIRCUMSTANCE.—In the barn-yard of Let-
toch (Mr. Morrison's farm), near Beauly, a hen and a
hen partridge are laying their eggs in one nest. Poor
chuckle is robbed of hers every morning, but of course,
the partridge eggs are left in the nest, and quite a little
war is waging betwixt the fowls for the privilege of
sitting upon them. Should the barn-door hen be trium-
phant, it will be interesting to notice how she will treat
the young birds, and how the young will treat her.
Mr. Morrison has taken every precaution to secure the

nest and the hens from marauding enemies.—lnverness

Courier.

THE MURDER OF A WIFE BY HER HUSFLAND AT
DUDLEY.—Wednesday information was received by the
metropolitan police that the man Hawkless Lovett
Blewett, an itinerant tinker and razor grinder at Dudley,
who absconded from that place on the 17th instant, and
against whom a coroner's jury bad returned a verdict
of wilful murder, for throwing a large quantity of boil-
ing water over his wife, has been apprehended and com-
mitted to gaol to take his trial at
.the ensuing assizes
for the atrocious deed.
CURRANTS.—Although we have heard some com-
plaints as to several kinds of fruit, which, it is feared,
will not prove abundant, the present seems likely to be
an extraordinarily productive year for currants. A small
branch—a mere twig, was brought to our office on Mon-
day last, broken from a bush at Northen, which con-
tained no fewer than thirty-two bunches of currants,
many of the bunches large, and the fruit generally of
considerable size and most healthy in appearance.—
Manchester Guardian.
SERIOUSACCIDENTS.—Wednesday the following ac-
cidents occurred, one of which, it is feared, will end in
loss of life :—The first happened to a youth named
James M‘Gregor, aged seventeen years. It seems that
ho was employed on hoard the Victoria, a trading vessel,
belonging to Goole, Yorkshire, and whilst in the act of
ascending a ladder he missed his footing, and fell a
depth of twenty feet down the hold. He was raised up
in an insensible condition, and carried ashore at Hay's
Wharf, Tooley-street, Sophwark, and from thence to
the nearest surgeon. He had received a severe scalp
wound, dislocation of the clavicle, and concussion of the
brain, and was in such a condition that it was necessary
to remove him to St. Thomas's Hospital, where he now
lies in a very precarious state. Another accident oc-
curred to a man named George Wright, a bricklayer,
living at No. 25, Essex-street, Gravel-lane, Southwark.
He was at work on the roof of a house, when he, by
some means, lost his equilibrium, and fell into the yard
at the rear of the building, whereby he sustained a frac-
ture of the thigh, and such other contusions, that he was
taken to Guy's Hospital. He is progressing very fa-
vourably.
GRAND BALL AT THE MANSION-HOUSE. —On
Wednesday the Lady Mayoress gave a splendid ball, which
was attended by an unusual concourse of persons of high
rank. The magnificent suite of rooms on the floor with
the Egyptian Hall were prepared for the reception of the
numerous company, who began to assemble before ten
o'clock. The Lord Mayor and the Lady Mayoress re-
ceived her ladyship's distinguished guests in the draw.
ing-room, which presented a most brilliant appearance.
THE SHERIFFS DINNER TO THE JUDGES.—Wed-
nesday the Sheriffs of London and Middlesex gave their
annual entertainment to her Majesty's Judges at the
Albion, Aldersgate-street. About 50 gentlemen sat
down to a splendid banquet at half- past six o'clock. At
the head of the table were—Mr. Alderman and Sheriff
Challis and Mr. Sheriff Kennard, the Sheriffs of Lon-
don, who together constitute the Sheriff of Middlesex,
and who gave the toasts alternately ; the Vice-Presi-
dents, were Mr. Under-Sheriff Baylis and Mr. Under-
Sheriff Tilleard. Among the company were—the Chief
Baron, Mr. Justice Patteson, Mr. Justice Coltman, Mr.
Justice Cresswell, Sergeants Manning, Lawes, Adams,
Thompson, Dowling, Bain, C. Jones; Aldermen Sir C.
S. Hunter, Bart., Farebrother, Hooper, Yarncomb, Mus-
grove, H. Hughes, Sidney, Moon; the Chamberlain, the
Common-Sergeant, Mr. Commissioner Bullock, Mr.
Chaplin, M.P., ;Sir W. Feilden, Bart., M.P.,
Mr. J. Laurie, Mr. W. Cubitt, Mr. D. Wad-
dington, Mr. S. M. Peto, Mr. Secondary Pot-
ter, the Rev. Dr. Mortimer, the Rev. W. Web-
ster, &c. After the usual loyal toasts, Mr. Alder-
man and Sheriff Challis gave the health of " the Chief
Baron and the rest of her Majesty's Judges," and noticed
the confidence which all classes had in those high func-
tionaries. The Chief Baron acknowledged the toast, and
gave " the Health of the Sheriffs," observing that there
was no necessity to praise them to those who knew them.
The following toasts succeeded :—The Sergeants-at-
Law and the Bar of Nngland" (acknowledged by Mr.
Sergeant Manning) ; " The Lord Mayor and Magis-
trates of the City" (acknowledged by Mr. Alderman
' Johnson) ; and " The Common Sergeant and Mr. Com-
' missioner Bullock" (acknowledged by the former). Mr.
Harker made a very good toastmaster, and the dinner
and wines were unexceptionable. The musical depart-
ment was conducted by Mr. Hobbs, assisted by Messrs.
Francis, Lockey, Bradbury, and J. L. Hatton.
THE WEATHER.—Wednesday the metropolis was
visited by a thunder-storm, the rain at one time falling
very heavily, causing considerable damage to the fruit
trees around Wandsworth, Barnes, Mortlake, Battersea,
and other places. Towards evening the atmosphere be-
came clear, and the sun shone out with great brilliancy.
It subsequently became very lowering, the wind ceased,
and the night closed in with a continual drizzling
rain.
RowiNG-stATcrt.—.The scullers' match, between

John Connelly and John Warren, both watermen of
Woolwich, for 201. a-side, came off on Tuesday after-
noon, the distance being from Woolwich to Barking
Creek, and back. Warren took the lead, and kept it
for a considerable distance, when his opponent passed
him, retained the lead all the way up, and won by half
1 a mile. _ _ ___

---;
Viscountess Hereford and suite, the Hon. W.
Curzon, the lion. H. Devereux, and General Farquhar-
son and family, were among the passengers that em-
barked at Blackwall, on Wednesday morning, on board
the General Steam-Navigation Company's steam-ship
Soho, for Antwerp, en route to the Rhine.
DARING ROBBERIES OF PLATE, &c.—Wednesday
the police received information of the following robbe-
ries:—On the 21st instant, from No. 43, Mount-street,
Lambeth, a japanned cash-box, containing a chased gold
neck-chain, with gold locket and key, a mourning ring,
a fancy gold ring set with turquoise and pearls, a chased
gold ring, turquoise in the centre, a gold garnet ring,
a handsome bead purse, containing ten shillings in
silver, and 41. 10s. in gold. On the 20th, from 59,
Great Queen, street, six plain silver forks, three dessert
ditto, two salts, pepper-caster, must ird spoon, a double
cased gold antique watch, with the royal arms on the
outside, sixty silver-handled knives (crest, a cat's head,
with mouse in mouth), a silver foreign drinking cup, two
silver table-spoons, two plain ditto, seven teaspoons, a
silver milkjug, and other articles, including medals of dif-
ferent orders. On the 20th, from 57, Lower Grosvenor-
street, Grosvenor-square, five silver table-spoons, four
silver teaspoons, pair of sugar-tongs (crest an arm in
armour, with a ring in the hand)
DESPERATE ATTEMPT AT SUICIDE ON BOARD A
STEAMER.—Wednesday afternoon a most desperate. at-
tempt at suicide, and which is expected to prove
Great Lad-
atal,
was made by a bookbinder, living at No. 8,
street, Long-acre, named John Hodgson
it seems had latterly been in a very low aged 38, who.
state of mind, and at about half-past onaendindtehs desponding
o an
fdLienrg.
noon he was returning from thfreeCmit3• on
to
the
I.le n
gpeernf
onryd baonadt s
as
sthtahte ply from
bthriedgste.deth, eahudnfortunate man madea arriveddesperate
paetrarerloo
precipitated himself into the water. The
boat was, however, soon stopped, and the unfortunate
teNrLsh to
mall rescued, though in an almost lifeless state. Ho was
removed to the Charing-cross Hospital, and put under
the care of Mr. Steggall, the house surgeon, but remains
in a very precarious state. Life was all but gone on his
atinaission.

CHINA.

(From the Times.)

THE EXPEDITION TO CANTON.
(FROM AN EYE-WITNES 8.)
HONG-KO; RG, APRIL 26.
Immediately after the departure of the last mail, a

rumour of an expedition being projected, the destination
of which was unknown, gathered strength, and the unex-
pected arrival, on the night of the 31st of March, of the
Honourable Company's steamer Pluto, from Canton,
with dispatches from the Chinese Government, gays
currency to the report. In the course of the next morn-
ing it transpired that the communication from Keying
had been extremely unsatisfactory, and that the most
important points in Sir John Davis's last dispatch had
been contemptuously passed over, the Imperial Commis-
sioner not even deigning to notice them. in his answer—
a line of conduct probably induced by the character of
the policy previously pursued by the Plenipotentiary,
and by the knowledge of the wea;mess of our force, both
naval and military, at present in China. Towards the
afternoon Sir John Davis decided upon proceeding at
once to Cantoa to demand redress, or OS he had in•
formed the Chinese Government), in thfs event of its
.being refused, to take it. Without present a .eference to
tk'e policy of this measure, it is proposed mei Ply to give
a oithful narrative of the events as they occurred._
events not alone worthy of note from the iminavise in-
terests at stake, and from the boldness which ckarac-
tense d them as military operations, but also from t the
ultimate effect they may produce upon our future rela-
tions with the Chinese empire.
No sooner bad the Governor come to a decision than
General D'Aguilar ordered the entire force available,
after providing for the safety of the colony, to em bark
that night ; and, notwithstanding the lateness of the
hour, being thee past four o'clock, the troops, includ:ng
the detachments from the outposts of Saiwan and Stan-
ley, respectively seven and nine miles distant, together
with the guns, materiel, provisions, and stores necessary -
or the expedition, were all embarked with the greatest
order and regularity by soon after midnight. The rai-
littlry force under General D'Aguilar did not amount
to 1,000 men of all arms, and consisted of her Majesty's
18th Royal Irish, the 42d Madras Native Infantry, ant's
detacltments of the Royal Artillery and Sappers. The
naval irorce, under Captain Macdougall, the senior naval
officer, was composed of her Majesty's ships Vulture
and Espiegle, the Honourable Company's steamer
Pluto, and the Corsair, a small merchant steamer
running between Hong-Kong, Canton, and Macao,
I which having come in at ten o'clock P.M., was instantly'
hired for the expedition. A lorcha was also taken up
by the Ordnance for the artillery, and was speedily con-
verted by Colonel Brereton into a gun-boat. Several
Chinese boats were engaged for the transport of com-
missariat stores, &c., and followed the squadron up the
river. Nis Excellency the Plenipotentiary, the General
and staff, embarked at the same hour on board the Vul-
ture, and about two o''clock, a.m., the squadron was„
under way, the Vulture towing the gun-boats and tw
junks containing the sappers with scaling ladders,
powder-bags, &c. ; the Pluto and Corsair following as
close as possible. The plan (..-f operations arranged by
General D'Aguilar and Captain Macdougall, and ap
proved by Sir John Davis, was that the defences of dal
Canton river should be seized, and, owing to the im-
possibility of occupying them, disarmed, so as to secture
the safe communication of the force with Hong-Kong.
This object being attained as expeditiously as possible,
the troops were to land at the factories, thus placing
the British Plenipotentiary in a position to enforce
every demand of his Government for redress, or to carTy
into execution the intention he had previously intimai'ved
to Keying, of punishing the aggressions upon unoffer td-
ing British subjects by means of a British force, and a lso
to convince the Chinese that, however small the imn le-
diate force at her command might be, England aus
always ready to resent insults, and punish the breach of
solemn national engagements.

At nine A.M., the Vulture, entering the Bocca Tip
was anchored by Captain Macdougall, with three fatimimsi
of water under her stern, within pistol shot of the
Anunghoy Batteries, being also within range of the
forts on the islands of North and South Wantong. Not
an instant was lost, and the troops entered the boats as
they touched the water; a few seconds more and they
were landed; and the Chinese, taken completely by sur-
prise, offered no resistance. The General, accompanied
by Sir John Davis, entered the works, and the guns in
the three forts, to the number of upwards of 200, were
sptked, and the magasines, with all the arms and am-
munition that could be collected, destroyed. Whilst
General D'Aguilar was thus employed, Col. Brereton,
with the force that had been told off for that duty,
crossed over to the strongly fortified islands of North
and South Wantong, mounting more than 250 heavy
guns. As at Anunghoy the garrisons at once yielded,
the guns were spiked, and the ammunition either blown
up or thrown into the sea. Property to a considerable
amount was found in each of these forts, but not an
article was injured, much less taken away, by the troops;
and, with the exception of the disabled guns and empty
magastines, not a trace was left by which it could be
known that they had been in our possession. The ap-
pointed work had been speedily and effectually per-
formed. Five formidable forts, mounting upwards of
450 large guns, had been rendered useless, and thus far
the communication of the expedition with Hong-Kong
secured.

Continuing their course up the river the three steamers
arrived late in the afternoon at Whampoa, and the
Espi4gle, having been obliged to beat the greater part of
the distance, came up during the night. The size of the
Vulture formed an insurmountable obstacle to her fur-
ther progress—indeed, owing to the state of the tide she
had crossed the second bar below Whampoa, with only
18 inches to spare. Therefore, the next morning, the
3d of April, the troops she carried were transferred into
the Pluto, Corsair, and the armed boats of the Vulture,
which were to be towed by these steamers. The gene-
ral and staff, accompanied also by Sir John Davis, went
on board the Pluto, and the tide serving, the expedition
moved onwards, and at half-past nine o'clock arrived at
the barrier—a line of strong stakes extending nearly
from bank to bank of the river, with only a single open-
ing for the passage of ships, and defended by four ad-
mirably placed and well constructed forts.
As intelligence of the capture of the Bocci Tigris
must have reached Canton in the course of the night,
every preparation was made by General D'Aguilar and
Captain Macdougall to carry the forts by storm, and
overcome the expected resistance. In accordance,there-
fore, with the orders that had been given, the works to
the left, forts Pachow and Napier, were simul-
taneously attacked, the Pluto with her division of
boats leading through the barrier, and landing
her troops at the latter, under the immediate
orders of the General, whilst the Corsair dis-
embarked a portion of her force under Colonel Brere-
ton at the former. The massive gates, plated and
thickly bound with iron, were burst open with powder
bags. Their garrisons, astounded' with the rapidity of
our operations, which, indeed, scarcely gave them time
to look round, went out by the landside as we entered ;
the magazines were blown up, and the guns spiked.
While this was going on it became evident that the
forts of Whampoa Creek and Wookongtap were prepar-
ing to receive us, and, accordingly, as two divisions of
boats, supported by the steamers, pulled across to at-
tack them, the Chinese opened a sharp and well-sus-
tained fire from both the forts, at first of round shot,
and then, as the boats approached nearer, of grape.
The steamers and gun-boat instantly replied. The first
discharge of the Chinese was answered with a cheer
from the attacking parties, and then the boats pulled
steadily, and in silence towards the batteries, the firing
continuing on both sides until the troops were landed,
and formed close to the forts. Upon seeing our force
on shore, the enemy left their guns, and retreated
by the rear of the works to a large town in the
vicinity. The Chinese fired remarkably well, and it
is inexplicable how the force escaped without suffering
severe loss ; the round shot passed on either side of
the boats—several between the masts and funnels of
the steamers and the grape-shot fell thickly around
the boats of Colonel Brereton's division, both before
and after a most judicious movement on the part of
that distinguished artillery officer, who, when close to
the Wookongtap fort, seeing that the guns were being
laid for the line of the advancing boats, changed the
direction of his division towards the angle of the fort;
and hardly had it been done when a shower of grape
tore over the surface of the water within a few feet of
the boats. Had even one boat been struck, the loss of
life would have been great, for the men had hardly
standing room, and the paddle-box boats of the Vulture
were carrying 70 men in each, besides their crew. Had
one been sunk, the fearful current and strong tide of the
Canton river, into which if a man falls he rarely rises
again to the surface, would have rendered assistance but
of little avail. The long gun of the Pluto was admirably
served, every shot taking effect upon the Whampoa
Creek fort, and a shell fired from it burst in the centre
of the work, just behind the enemy's guns. All the guns
in these four forts were spiked, in number more than
200, and most of them of very large size; one brass gun
was 24 feet in length, with an eight-inch bore. The
magazines, containing large quantities of loose powder,
ammunition, arms, &c., were blown up. The steadiness
and conduct of the men throughout these operations were
excellent ; not a musket was fired, although the enemy
were seen at their guns through the embrasures, and
not the slightest injury done to private property of any
description.
This portion of the river being now disarmed, the ex-
pedition proceeded as rapidly as possible up the river to-
wards Canton, to provide for the safety of the British
merchants and their property.
At the commencement of the south-eastern suburb of
Canton stands the strong fort known by the name of the
French Folly—a work both from position and construc-
tion one of the most formidable in the river. Armed
with double tiers of guns, the lower is " >i Sear d'eau,"
and the upper is mounted on the summit of a strong cen-
tral tower of solidly-built masonry, completely com-
manding the rea-1 of this river. It was, therefore, ab-
solutely necessary for the safety of our communications
that it should be disarmed. The troops were accord-
ingly landed, the gate blown in,
ne tmagazinehepid destroyed,
rapidity
o f oi
and the guns spiked. Here a
movements saved us; every preparation was making andg,
again
was nearly completed for the defence of this fort when
we enteredit, and even half an hour's delay would have
cost us dear, for the small island upon which the fort
stands, connected only with the bank by a bridge, is so
covered by the works, that only a few feet of mud is
available whereon to place an attacking party, and even
that is commanded by the fort itself an the houses on
the bank of the river.
About four, P. m. , the expedition was anchored off the
factories, and the four forts forming the river defences
of the suburbs and city of Canton were taken possession
of, their gates blown open, their guns disabled, and the
magazines destroyed • forming a total of upwards of
870 large guns disabled since the preceding 1001.11illik

ser—
"Nothing could exceed the hospitality with which the
officers and men were received by the community of
Canton ; houses were placed at their disposal,k and every
one seemed to exceed his neighbour in m
comfortable. The force was immediataelying the troops
landed,ghhsbeing
and
quartered entirely in the new factories,fie the
(e. The
piled in the garden near the English
Consoo-
house, where a Chinese guard is usually stationed,
a nd was-
made the main guard, from its positionaeten es,
entirely
whichem bounds
ing the street of the thirteen
the factories to the northward, f
and also being at the end
of Old China-street, whichPantes the new and old
to the westward. Other
factories from the 'longs se
guards were also
established, aad regular chains of
sentries, most of them double, rendered surprise im-
possible.
It may be here as well to remark the extraordinary
improvements made by the Chinese since the late war,
more
not only in the construction of their batteries, but
especially in their armanents. Not a gun was mounted
except on a regular ship or garrison carriage, after a
European model, and as capable of elevation ordepres-
sion as our own ; many of the guns, moreover, were
furnished with wooden sights for correcting the disport,
exactly, as was remarked by Colonel Brereton, upon the
principle of . those invented during the last war by Gen.
Congreve ; numbers of shells were found (evidently not
of Chinese manufacture) ; much of the ammunition was
regularly made up in cartridges ; rockets were of J.
much larger size than those used four years ago.,
,a,
many other improvements show that some foreir ier
must have been employed. Report (a greater liar,. _i°w-
ever, in China, than elsewhere), says that all this is the
work of an American, who is naturalised and resident
in
the city of Canton.
The night of our arrival passed with vigilance on our
side, and with quietness on the part of the Chinese : the
es the Go-
whole affair had been so sudden they did not knows, which
way to turn ; besides, trusting in our k
vernment and people had thought themwseealvens
up,
and theure. On
the following morning the
.guns were drawn
ot to salute
i
troops under arms to receive Keying, but n
him, the British: Plenipotentiary having insisted that
Keying should wait upon him a
within the factories or, if he the English Consulate,
did not, that he would
not see him at all. To this, to him humiliate ng
proposition, Keying at last reluctantly agreed, and the
hour was fixed. Time passed, and two of the principal
mandarins having arrived without there being any signs
of Keying's approach, it became evident that his delay
was intentional; the troops were dismissed, and when
Keying did arrive he was received at the landing-place
by Captains Kennedy and Sargent, who conducted him
through a crowd of idle lookers-on to the Consulate.
Keying felt his situation bitterly, and although he be-
haved with dignity and composure, his mortification at
being obliged to wait upon Sir John Davis in the sight
of his own populace, was beyond his powers of conceal-
ment. The conference lasted some hours, and in the
afternoon it transpired that the Plenipotentiary had sub-
mitted to Keying the only conditions upon which he
would consent to suspend the operations of the force,
and that he had granted him until 6 P.M. the next day
for consideration. During the day a slight disturbance
took place in the outskirts of the factories to the west
ward, but it was soon quelled, and two of the mob pub-
licly flogged in the streets ; an officer's guard was
posted near Mowqua-street, the scene of the disturbance.
It was thought advisable, on the morning of thescarried
caed
sth,to
w entirely gu
from the city to the central tower would
com-
mand the passage of the river. Accordingly,hi at 9 A.M.,
the fort was blown up by Colonel P Ipotts and the
engineers, covered by a strong party in the armed boats
of the Vulture. Reports were current all day of at-
tacks being meditated by the troops end populace, and
of double-dealing on the part of the authorities, in con-
sequence of which every precaution was taken, the
streets barricaded, and the guard-rooms rendered defen-
sible by Captain Bruce, the Adjutant-General. At five
o'clock in the afternoon the Associate Gentlemen Vo-
lunteers were inspected by General D'Aguilar; 100 well
armed British gentlemen appeared on parade, and the
defence of the factories, aided by a detachment of troops,
was assigned to them during the assault of the city the
following morning. Keying now requested an extension
of the time allowed for consideration till the next morn-
ing, and Sir John Davis granted it to him. This evening
Captain Bruce s attention was drawn towards a large
building at the back of the factories, and on entering it
he found it occupied by a strong party of Chinese
troops ; many of them escaped, but upwards of 40 were
brought in prisoners with their arms. Captain Bruce
had a narrow escape, for one man, drawing his sword,
nade a sudden rush at him, and was seized in the act of
striking. Since the previous day the most indefatigable
exertions had been making by Captain Macdougall and
Commander Thompson to bring the Espiegle close to the
city, and they so far succeeded that they had brought
her up far beyond where any ship of the same draught of
water had ever been before ; but she was still two miles
distant. Her boats were, however, armed, and, with her
crew and marines, were available for the attack. At
daybreak on the 6th Captain Clark Kennedy, the Quar-
termaster-General, and Lieutenant Da Costa, of the
Engineers, succeeded in mounting the city wall in two
places, and ascertaining that they were of sufficient
width fit the proposed operations. At six o'clock all
the arrangements for the assault of the city at ten A.M.
were completed, and the following general order was
issued, detailing the plan of the attack:—
" GENERAL ORDER.
" Head-quarters, British Factories, Canton,
" April 6, 1847, 6 o'clock A.M.
" The following general order is issued to troops under
the expected contingency of their being called upon to
commence the attack on the city of Canton at ten o'clock
this morning. This attack is to be under the immediate
direction of Lieutenant-Colonel Brereton, C.B. and
K. 8., commanding the Royal Artillery. Two parties,
one headed by Colonel Brereton, the other by Major
Aldrich, R.E., each having a detachment of Royal Sap-
pers and Miners, commanded by an officer of the Royal
Engineers, and a flank company of the 18th Royal Irish
Regiment, with such additional support as will be de-
tailed by the Assistant-Adjutant-General, will march
out for the purpose of taking possession of the Southern
or Petition-gate and the Western-gate of that part called
the New City. Colonel Brereton's party will attack the
Western, and Major Aldrich's party the Southern-gate;
and as the latter is more distant than the former, Major
Aldrich's part will set off first, in order that they may
arrive at their respective points about the same time,
Major Aldrich's party to cross the creek which forms
the eastern boundaay of the British factories at the first
bridge, and to proceed along the street which runs close
along the wall of the New City, taking care, on passing, to
stop up the two small entrances or sallyports which
enter the city from the river, in order to prevent all in-
gress or egress by them. Ile will proceed to the
Southern or Petition-gate, and having taken it, will es-
tablish himself and make a lodgment upon the rampart
above. Colonel Brereton, with his party, will set off im-
mediately after Major Aldrich's, and crossing the creek
by a second bridge, he will proceed along Looking-glass-
street, close under the western wall, until he arrives at the
western gate of the New City, and having taken it, he
will effect a lodgment with the troops at his disposal
upon the rampart above the gateway; and the two lodg-
ments having been thus effected above the two gates, a
communication along the ramparts by the force em-
ployed is to be established. The guns will then be
raised and placed at the guard-houses above the gates,
and, by means of these guns and the 24-pounder rockets,
the bombardment of the city is to be forthwith com-
menced. After Colonel Brereton's party shall have loft
the factories, Captain Macdougall has undertaken to
send a party of seamen and marines, under Commander
Thompson, of her Majesty's sloop Espiegle, by the
second bridge at the south end of Looking-glass-street,
and, passing through the archway in the Spur-wall, they
will scale that part of the southern wall of the New City
which lies between the Spur-wall and the sallyports
above alluded to; they will then form on the top of the
rampart, ready to assist either Major Aldrich or Colonel
Brereton, as may be required. At the same time a fourth
party, composed of five companies of the 42d Regiment
Madras Native Infantry, under Major Fitzgerald, con-
ducted by Captain Clark Kennedy, Acting Assistant
Quartermaster-General, will cross the creek by the first
bridge, and, marching along the street that runs south
of the Joss-house, they will proceed as speedily as
possible to the Petition-gate, support Major Aldrich's
party, and occupy the street which leads from that gate
to the river, immediately stopping all the avenues which
lead to it from the eastward, and thus secure completely,
the eastern flank of our position. Previous to the de-
parture of the troops from the factories, Capt. Mac-
dougall, R.N., has undertaken to order the steamer Pluto
to run in as close as possible to the abovementioned street,
leading from the Petition-gate to the river, and which is
situated near the Dutch Folly fort, and when the Major-
General shall make a signal by hoisting a union-jack on the
top of the British factories, she will open as heavy a fire
as possible on that part of the town situated to the east-
ward of the Petition-gate, in order to check any attempt
that may be made to oppose Major Aldrich or to turn
our flank from that quarter. At the same time Captain
Macdougall has undertaken to have the gun-boats of the
Vulture, under Lieutenants Coote and Pascoe, anchored
as close as possible to Mowqua- street and Shoe-lane, and
as soon as the Pluto opens her fire, they will also open
as heavy a fire as possible on that part of the suburbs
which lies to the westward of the factories, particularly
up Shoe-lane, &c., in order to prevent any attempt that
may be made to turn our position from that quarter. It
ttslikewise Captain Macdougall's intention to have the
river
entirely cleared of boats all the way from Shoe-
lane to the Dutch Folly, which will entirely protect the
rear of our position. The Associated Gentlemen Volun-
teers, assisted by a detachment of the 18th Royal Irish
Regiment, stationed in theCfo nsoo-house, and a detach-
ment of the 42d Regiment of
stationed at Mowqua-street guardhouse,
Native Infantry,
-laouse, will maintain
the stockaded posts already establisheduai fbr the protection
of the factories. Lieutenant-Colonel
Cowper,
with four
it will remain
companies of the 18th Royal Irish Regiment,
under arms in the factories, close to the Major-General
ready to a Vance as a reserve to any pc, where their•
services may be required; the tops of the iactories to be
occupied by the Associated Gentlemen Volunteers fcr
the purr se of putting down any attempts by Chinamen
from the roofs of their houses to annoy the troops ad_
vancing through the streets to the attack. These arrange-
ments to be completed iainiediarely after the men have
had their breakfasts, so that the flag which is to be con-
sidered as the signal for the Pluto and the boats of the
Vulture to commence firing, as well as for the troops to
march out for the attack, may be hoisted at ten o'clock.
Between ,ight and nine o'clock, however, it was notified
that Keying had conceded Sir John Davis's demands,
and the assault was countermanded—thus averting the
bombardinsnt of the city by little more than an hour.
For the remainder of the day a portion of the troops
were employed in pulling down the various buildings, so
often complained of, that had been erected against the
garden walls, &c., and the removal of which was in con-
formity alike with the old treaty and the new conven-
tion. A house, in front of which an officer (Captain
Sargent, aide-de-canap to Sir J. Davis) had been se-
verely injured by a large stone thrown from the

-
window, was rased to the ground, and the heap of ruins
remained at once a memorial and a warning to the people
of Canton of the punishment inflicted and due fo r
cowardly attacks upon individuals. The following da: r
(the 7th of April) the barriers were removed, and th
Corsair sailed with the 42d Regiment Madras Native In -
fantry for Hong-Kong; but towards the evening som
delay on the part of the Chinese authorities, or an at -
tempted evasion of their engagements, put Sir Join
Davis's firmness to the proof, and, determined to shov r
that he was equally prepared now as yesterday to enforc
his demands, General D'Aguilar ordered the barricade a
to be instantly re-erected, and the troops to be held .n
readiness during the night. This method of negotui.
tion was crowned with complete success, and the .pnin
in question—the punishment of the Fuhshan
within the factories—was at once yielded. Ey.cly ti do
morning (the Bth) three of the Fuhshan voters it,
brought to the factories and punished 9' the Coto
house, in presence of the British as vo,Tel as of the Chinese
authorities; and every demand of oie J. Davis having
been acceded to, General D'A'guilar made immediate
preparations for w'Ahdrawin the troops, with the c;ex-
ception of a crimpany 'of the 18th Regiment, under
Captain Graves, and P, few sappers, who are to remain
un'.il the improvements are carried out, as well as to
F,uard agains',, any sudden outbreak of the mob upon
the dQpartr,re of the expedition. Shortly after noon the
force re,-embarked, and arrived at Hong-Kong the
following day.
Meantime the position of the town of Victorir.<Hong-
Kong), left almost defenceless during the abeence of the
forces, was becoming perilous, and the drAiger was not,
the less imminent or unpleasant freak its indefioitc
nature. It was ascertained that the Triad societies were
• roused into activity by this opporttnity of ridding Hong-
, Kong of the " foreign devils," and were organizing the
L .Chinese population of the place. The neighbouring
islands and mainland are the resort of the most deter-
; miner!, thieves and pirates in China, who frequently ex-
. tend their attacks into the very harbour of Hong-Kong
itself.

The handful of troops and police left on the island
were unequal to any prolonged defence or guard of a
straggling town, stretching four miles along the water
side, and commanded in every direction from the hills
behind, which afford the means both of unseen approach
and secure retreat to the desperadoes. Happily, the
provisional government and military command of the
island were left in the hands of the Hon. Major Carne,
a host in himself, and equal to every emergency. Had
the return of the troops from Canton been deferred but
one day more, the European inhabitants would have
been called upon to watch and guard, relieving the
fatigued troops, and the ladies and treasure removed to
the European barracks—a defensible position where the
troops would have been concentrated.
Such are the details of an expedition of which the
naval and military operations were as boldly planned
as they were promptly ard vigorously executed.
The policy and prudence of the expedition can be but
briefly alluded to. Those involved in its responsibility
of course applaud their own measure
; while the un-
certainty of its effect upon their position in Canton fills
the European residents there (personally exposed to it)
with much anxiety and uneasiness. Time can alone
justify the measure, or otherwise, by proving whether
it has produced a salutary effect upon the turbulent po-
pulace of Canton. Meanwhile these few plain facts
present themselves forcibly to view.
The force employed on the occasion, while just suffi•
w went to inflict frightful destruction by its distant mis-
siles, was totally inadequate to the maintenance of its
position after the destruction of the city and factories by
fire, and thereafter the retreat of the troops and whole
foreign community (Americans included) to Hong• Kong
and Macao was inevitable.

The providential preservation, while unprotected, of
the foreign residents in Canton during that critical in-
terval after the capture of the Bogue Forts was known
to the Chinese Government and before the British force
had arrived off the factories, must ever be a source of
unmingled thankfulness. No community were ever pro-
bably exposed, unconsciously to themselves, to such im-
minent danger, for no other Government probably would
have hesitated to seize, decapitate, or hold as hostage
every British subject, after such an open and unan-
nounced act of hostility.
The chief object of the expedition, as publicly stated,
was to obtain redress for an outrage committed upon
two British seamen six months ago; and for which
outrage, be it observed, the two seamen and their cap-
tain were punished and fined at the time by the Bri-
tish authorities, and satisfaction then given to the
Chinese.

None of the terms of the convention have up to this
moment been carried into effect; not a workman can be
procured for love or money to erect the walls or build-
ings agreed upon. The river boats have returned, if
possible, in greater crowds than ever to their former
stations, causing the same obstruction as before. A
party of five gentlemen walking in the most respectable
street in the immediate neighbourhood of the factories,
were ten days ago insulted, saluted with stones, and but
for a timely retreat the fracas might have had a more
serious result. Mr. Consul Macgregor a few days after
was also attacked and kicked, his companion in defence
being obliged to knock one of his assailants down, they
themselves retreating hastili.
It is manifestly absurd, however, to suppose that the
points named in the convention, to which therefore little
attention is paid, were the true objects of the expedition
The lives of the whole foreign community would never
have been so imminently endangered, the sacrifice of
thousands upon thousands of peaceable or rebellious
Chinese, with the frightful sequel of misery and rapine
attending the destruction of a huge city, could never
seriously have been contemplated, for such comparatively
insignificant objects; and it is therefore the general con-
viction that some concession of importance worthy of
such sacrifices and risks has been gained, and which it
may not at present be discreet to divulge. Till this is
known, jud;tuent upon the expedition cannot be
passed. The unqualified approval of the whole expedi-
tion is, however, somewhat unreasonably claimed from
the British residents in Canton by Sir John Davis, upon
the plea that they have obtained all they demanded.
This plea is unfairly urged ; the residents were taken
completely by surprise by the presence (against all pro-
bability) of an armed British force in their dwellings,
by the sight of preparation for the immediate burning of
the city, and inevitably also of their factories and pro-
perty. During the brief three days of the Plenipoten-
tiary's stay, the preservation of their own lives and of
their property, in an emergency when the consideration
of insignificant details of streets, and lanes, and boats,
could scarcely with calmness be entered upon, occupied
all the time and attention they could spare from their
entertainment and reception of the force, and from the
attendance as an armed volunteer association to assist
the troops in the attack. The policy that will not
truckle to the Chinese cannot be too strongly recom-
mended or approved of, but whether this expedition wor-
thily carried out that policy has still to be decided.lt is the
universal belief of the Chinese populace that our sole
object by these and previous demonstrations, is to obtain
entrance to the city. Our peaceable and hasty retreat
without palpable accomplishment of this object (which
our small force was qaite unable to attempt) is now
attributed by them to tear and not forbearance on our
part. Hence the uneasiness felt by the British residents
in Canton, from the probably exasperated feelings of the
populace dangerously betraying themselves after the re-
moval of the troops.
In one month more, the Admiral and fleet, with two
additional regiments, will be here, forming a force so
imposing as to have carried every point, that of entrance
to the city included, and to have selected the guilty for
punishment, without recourse to violence.

We take the following additional particulars from the
Chinese Repository for April, 1847:
APRIL I.—This evening a party of troops of the 18th
Royal Irish and 42d Madras Native Infantry embarked
at Hong-Kong on board her Majesty's steamer Vulture,
the Honourable Company's steamer Pluto, and the
chartered steamer Corsair. His Excellency Sir John
Francis Davis is known to have been engaged till a late
hour that evening in council with the heads of the prin-
cipal departments of the Government; and the Pluto,
which had been lying for some weeks off the factories,
had only just returned from Canton, bringing down
Major Aldrich and Colonel Phillpotts, who had been up
to the city reconnoitring. In Canton it was only whis-
pered that they would shortly return.
APRIL 2.—Before dawn this morning, the three
steamers, with her Majesty's brig Espilgle, and some
boats, were under way. On passing the forts at the
Bogue troops were landed, and most of the guns spiked,
little or no resistance having been made, for the Chinese
had been taken wholly by surprise.
Oa Saturday morning, the 3d, rumours reached Can-
ton of what had been done at the Bogue, and an official
report is said to have been made to Keying by some of
his own officers.

By nine o'clock, with the aid of glasses, from the tops
of the factories the steamers were seen moving up the
river towards the provincial city. All the guns in the
forts along the banks of the river shared the same
treatment as those at the Bogue—not excepting those in
the French Folly fort off the south-east corner of the
city, and those in the little red round fort opposite the
factories. Every one seemed to be taken by surprise.
It was said that even the British Consul had no certain
(official) information of what was about to transpire.
About noon his Excellency Sir John Francis Davis, her
Britannic Majesty's Plenipotentiary, &c., landed from
the Pluto, with which the Corsair had been anchored
off the British Consulate, while the Vulture and the
Espiegle were left at Whampoa. In the course of the
afternoon the troops were landed in front of the new
factories, in which they were to have their guar-
ters. A small detachment was stationed in the Con-
soo-house, at the head of Old China-street, and guards
elsewhere, so as to command all the avenues to the
factories.

As yet nothing transpired to inform the public what
was the end and aim of all the extraordinary move-
ments then in progress, while all manner of rumours
and reports were flying in every direction. The
excitement and the anxiety were considerable in
certain quarters, but night came on, and all was quiet.
The Chinese Governmental guards at several posts had
disappeared, and the heavy tread and challenge, " Who
euarn'
°oti'"r,.vi
watchmen,th the beat
of their b
;Tees there ?" were heard during the night watches.
but told however,
were nob
and
tdistudrrbuemds,
the hours of the night in the usual manner.
[Here follows a Government Notification (No. 2),
them
s C
ige
roops in d " George DAguilar, Major
General commanding'
hina; which
appeared in The Sun of
yesterday.]

No.
3.
jointi,y with
"GOVERNMENT PRocLA„
&-eT°4lwang, chief
" Yeh, territorial commissioner,
these
superintendent of the commissariat.; and
judicial commissioner, 84c., of Canton,
instructions fur the purpose of quieting the hea:utseof the
people.
" To-day, it having been reported that steamers had
entered the river and come up to the .ity, we immedi-

ately made careful inquiry, and took the proper action
thereon. As all nations have been in the enjoyment of
free commercial intercourse, all enjoy quiet repose, and
we conceive that there can be no cause tor solicitude.
" Moreover, there are near the city tens of thou-
sands of militia connected with the colleges, who are
banded together, and have in times of peace been trained
and disciplined.
" They have strength, are acquainted with the military
art, and are prep bred alike for peace or war. Never
have they givtli rise to troubles. This we have known
ever since we first came to Canton. You, soldiers and
feoro„, ought to abide in your own places, and, as you
-:a.ve always done, mutually protect and defend each
Other. If lawless vagabonds take advantage of the occa-
sion to create trouble, and you are unable to remain in
..the quiet possession of your property, we will seise the
d isturbers, and instantly punish them without mercy or
11 !pity. Let each tremblingly obey. These are our
T .ressing commands. April 3, 1847.
" To be posted up at the thirteen factories.'
SABBATH, APRIL 4.—Early in the morning it was
generally understood that there would be a conference
at the British Consulate between the two Commissioners,
Kt eying and Sir J. F. Davis. At eleven o'clock, A.3L,
t he appointed hour for the meeting, the troops, with
Artillery-, &c., were drawn up for his reception, when only
two of his subalterns, Chan Changling and Pwan
tiz'shing, arrived; and as it was supposed that they came
only in Keying's stead and not to announce his ap-
proach, the troops were removed, so that on his Ex-
cellency's arrival there was only the guard at the Con-
! sulate to receive him. He was accompanied by Hwang
Ngantung and others, and the conference lasted about
three hours. During the day great crowds of people
astiembled in the streets adjacent to the factories, and
were exceedingly noisy and clamorous.
The following memorandum was furnished (we know
not from whom) to Sir J. F. Davis, before Keying's
arrival at the Consulate;,we borrow it from the China
Mail :

" No. 4.

" WISHES AND VIEW OE THE BRITISH RESIDENTS AT

CANTON.

" Ist. A distinct recognition of their right to go such
distance into the surrounding country as may be tra-
versed either by land or by water in one day out and
home, and full protection on their perambulations from
insults and attacks by the populace.
" 2. A space of ground of about 50 acres at Honan, or
is some other convenient part of the suburbs, for the
erection of warehouses and dwelling-houses.
" 3. A site for a church and a churchyard for British
residents.

—.1747A site for a burial-ground for the Parsee com-
munity, either on Danes, or French island, of an area of
40,000 square feet.
"5. A bridge, to be thrown across the passage of
Hog- lane, to connect the two factory gardens.
" 6. A cook house for Lascars in Hog-lane.
"7. The railing-in of Lower China-street, and the
lower part of Hog-lane, and the garden walls to be kept
free from Chinese buildings, excepting the military and
police stations already erected.
" 8. Removal of the stationary boats which at present
encumber the avenue to the Factory gardens from the
river side.

" British Consulate, Canton, April 3,1847."
Divine service was held at eleven o'clock, A. 31., as
usual, but the attendance was small. About two o'clock
a party of the military were called out to repress the
mob, and to drive them back from the space in front of
Old and New China-streets, through the avenue leading
from the south end of Tehhing-kii (or Danish Hong)
into Lwanhing-street, where Captain Sargeant received
a blow on his temple from a stone thrown by one of the
mob. These proceedings created no small excitement.
Major Aldrich and Major-General D'Aguilar were
both upon the spot. The stone or brickbat was said to
have been thrown from a house in Lwanhing-street,
which was forced open ; and, as all the inmates " pro-
fesssed total ignorance, an ill-locking fellaw was dragged
out and flogged at the door ; and another, who had been
seized by Major Aldrich's party for a similar offence, was
taken to the gate of the British Consulate, and there
received a dozen lashes.

The excitement during the remainder of the afternoon
was great; and as the numbers of the mob constantly
increased they became more and more vociferous. At
length orders were given to the sentinels, if they could
not seize them; to fire on any and all who were seen in
the act of throwing stones or brickbats. As the dark-
ness of evening came on the clamour and noise died
away, and we are not aware that any shot was fired, or
any Chinese or foreigner injured, except in the cases
above named.

MONDAY, APRIL s.—Soon after daylight an armed
party was sent down the river to demolish the principal
parts of French Folly, which was blown up, and the
guns in the Dutch Folly spiked. After the troops had
breakfasted, they were served with ammunition, pistols
were loaded, the artillery, &c., were all put in readiness
for action. The Corsair arrived from Whampoa with
additional troops; the Pluto got up her steam, and most
people were expecting an immediate attack on the city.
At this juncture, between the hours of eleven and twelve
o'clock, A.m., the following circular came out:—

"-No. 5.

" British Consulate, April 5.
" I have been directed by his Excellency her Majesty's
Plenipotentiary to inform you, that as a considerable
portion of the troops may be employed to-morrow in
coercive measures against the city, it becomes necessary
for you to be prepared for defence, in the event of an
attack being made on the foreign factories by the popu-
lace.—l have the honour to be, &c.,

" FRANCIS C.- IkiIACGREG OR."

Fast boats and lorchas, and everything of the sort,
were now in great demand. Books, treasure, &c., were
put on board. All the streets and avenues leading to the
factories were barricaded. Guns, swords, and all sorts
of ammunition were in requisition. Still some, who
could speak very confidently, declared that " every-
thing would most assuredly be amicably settled." Great
numbers of the Chinese, perhaps all who had it in their
power, removed from the vicinity of the factories; and a
few of the foreigners, including most of the ladies, went
on board ship at Whampoa.
In the evening the gentlemen volunteers, comprising
nearly the whole of the British community, were in-
spected by Major-General D'Aguilar, " who explained
to them that, in the event of operations being commenced
against the city next day, ho confidently relied on their
protecting the factories from any attack on the part of
the mob, and that he would leave with them 25 men of
the Royal Irish and an equal number of the 42d."
During the evening a small party of armed Chinese
was found secreted in one of the buildings in the rear of
the Factories, and not far from Consoo-house, nearly 40
of whom were taken prisoners and sent to one of the
guard stations ; the rest escaped, leaving their arms be-
hind them. These proved to be a part of the " impe-
rial forces" who on the evening of the 3d got jostled
out of their place in the Consoo ; and for the night
they were safely housed in one of the upper rooms in
Minqua's Hong.
In the course of this day and evening several placards
appeared on the walls of the city and streets, three of
which we subjoin. No. 6, denouncing Keying, we borrow
from the China Mail; Nos. 7 and 8 have been translated
for us by a friend:—

" No. 6.
" DENUNCIATION OF KEYING.

" The English have rebelled against us, disobeying
our laws and bringing disorder and injury on the
' Flowery Nation.' Keying's heart is inwardly inclined
towards them; ho disregards our families, and, trampling
on the people, he thereby degrades the nation. His
crime deserves to be punished with death: it is therefore
desirable that every one of us should exert himself, that
all uniting together we may set fire to his palace, and
then cast his dead body into the street. To do this is
not exceeding the law.
" Twankang, 27th year, 2d moon, 20th day. (April 5,
1847.)

" An appeal from the whole province.
" No. 7.
" FROM THE MILITIA AND GENTRY OF CANTON.

" It has been represented that the foreigners have long
boasted of their intention to enter the city, contriving
means to levy and collect duties on the vessels of all na-
tions. In consequence of a late controversy about pass-
ing affairs, they have at length ventured to collect from
lliangshan and Singau a thousand or more outlaws, speak-
ing the native tongue, but clothed in a foreign dress, who
proceeding directly up the river of Canton, have burned
and destroyed the forts. They have taken possession
of the foreign factories, and congregated in the offices.
They then constrained the authorities to allow them
money, and extorted from them to the amount of some
tens of thousands of dollars. Those truly foreigners
were no more than about a hundred. By these pro-
ceedings the citizens became greatly alarmed. Lawless
vagabonds of this sort are often thus plotting against
the interests of the people, and audaciously contrive to
league together in order to enforce compliance with their
requisitions. They therefore commit their ravages upon
the inhabitants residing both within and without the
city. The great body of the people and the soldiers are
not able to restrain their indignation at such proceedings.
On the night of the 18th instant (April 3d) the gentry
were all engaged in notifying the country militia at the
places of assembling to be in readiness against the time
appointed. The citizens from all parts of the city were
also to be on the alert and prepared to exert their
strength, proclaiming to the people to come from all
quarters to exterminate and kill the villains. Let them
take these false traitors, dressed in foreign clothes, and
cut them off completely, and not allow them to proceed
a step into the city. This is the decree of the great
body of the citizens. Let it be observed without tardi-
ness or reluctance. It is thus urgently enjoined. The
gentry of the city generally unite with the militia in this
representation."

"No. S.
" FROM THE GENTRY, &C., OF CANTON.
" Whereas we have heard of opposition to the autho-
rities, and not permitting them and the aggressors to
dwell under the same Heavens, it is not possible that
both should subsist together. The English barbarians
take occasion to excite trouble and make a great display
of arms. By public consent they have taken possession
of and occupy the river side of a tract of ground as a
place for trade—in all, thirteen separate hangs. They
wish to build a temple for public worship, and also across
the river in Honan, to take possession of a tract of
ground, and to build a fort. There have lately been
foreign soldiers measuring off the ground for a site.
Our citizens having met to take the matter into conside-
ration, immediately they opened a thundering fire of
artillery upon them, by which many persons were in-
jured. In such as this there is no law nor principle of
justice. The whole body of the people can only gnash
their teeth with rage and indignation. Now the great
body of masons and carpenters in the two cities
(the old and new) of Canton, have held a
public consultation, and have agreed together that
if the English undertake the prosecution of their works
as aforesaid, the men employed in these trades shall
none of them be permitted to engage to complete their
works on their own responsibility. And if at Hong-
Rona, Macao, or Whampos, there should be men who

are willing to undertake it, the people of our two trades
will make it their business to seareh out every workman
of this sort by name and kill him, and to notify the inha•
bitants of the district to burn up the dwelling of every
man who ventures to assume such a responsibility, which
will be done without the least delay. This among the
citizens of the capital it is considered the reasonable duty
of every faithful and obedient person to seek to have
carried into effect. The Emperor, hearing and knowing
of it, will also certainly afford some additional com-
mendation and encouragement. It behoves us to regu-
late our minds and to chastise those who refuse to com-
ply. It will by no means answer to be inconstant in our
purpose, coveting the wealth of these rebels and aggres-
sors. The citizens of Canton have issued this notifica-
tion. If any persons venture to tear it down, that is, any
vile traitors, the citizens will have them seized and sent
to the office of the Kwangchau fu. Let such citizens
assemble at the public office and they will each receive a
reward of two dollars, certificate money."
TUESDAY, APRIL 6.—General orders had been issued
to the troops; a movement was to be made on the " city
of Rams" at daylight, unless the assent to certain "rea-
sonable demands" were gained by that hour ; the recon-
noitring had been completed ; the attack was to be
made at three points simultaneously 1 one party was to
mount the walls at the south-west and south-east corner
of the city, while the Pluto was to take her station mid-
way between, when, at the given signal, to be run up at
the British Consulate, the work was to begin. At day-
break some of the officers were on the walls; and had
the signal been given, and had the bombardment been
driven on for a few hours—but—but the assent came,
and the following was proclaimed by circular in the
course of the forenoon t—

" No. 9.
" GOVERN3IENT NOTIFICATION.

" Diplomatic Department.
"His Excellency her Majesty's Plenipotentiary, &c.,
has the satisfaction to announce that at the last moment,
and when actually awaiting the assault on their city, the
Canton authorities have assented to his reasonable de-
mands, and the impending ruin of this populous place
has been happily averted.
" The following are briefly the heads of the new agree-
ment : _ . _

" 1. At the fixed period of two years from this day,
the 6th of April, the city of Canton shall be opened to
British subjects.
" a. Her Majesty's subjects shall be at liberty to roam
for exercise or amusement in the neighbouring country
without molestation, returning in the same day, as at
Shanv,hai, and any person molesting them shall be se-
verely punished.
" 3. The aggressors on the two seamen in October
last, and on Colonel Chesney and others at Fuhshan on
the 12th of March, shall be made examples of. The
latter being already apprehended will be brought to
Canton, and punished in the presence of persons de-
puted by her Majesty's Plenipotentiary.
" 4. An adequate space on the Honan side of the river
shall no granted on lease to British merchants and others,
for the erection of d\%ellings and warehouses; and his
Excellency will ascertain th site and extent before he
quits Canton.

" 5. A site for the erection of a church shall be
granted on lease in the neighbourhood of the space now
occupied by the foreign factories; and spaces for burial-
grounds shall also be allotted at Whampoa.
" 6. The flying bridge and another building between
the two gardens shall be erected as desired, and sheds
shall not be permitted against the walls.
" 7. For the better preservation of order, and for the
general convenience, the river front before the factories
shall be kept clear of boats.
" By order. " A. R. JOHNSTON.
" British Consulate, Canton, April 6, 1847."
In the afternoon of this day Sir John and Captain
Macdougall, along with two Chinese officers, proceeded
across the river for the purpose of fixing on " an ade-
quate space" for the erection of dwelliu.-s, &c., on the
lionan side of the river. This site, as fixed upon, will
extend from the front of the foreign factories to the
Macao-passage, and from that corner of llonan to the
creek near the fort on the east bank of the passage.
flow far it will extend back from the river we do not
know ; but, if we mistake not, a large part of its surface
is already covered with dwellings, warehouses, &c.
The prisoners taken on Monday were released to-day,
and the house in Lwanhing-street, from which the stone
was thrown on the Sabbath.day, was razed to the ground;
also one in Shoe-lane (?), where the sailors were mauled
in October last. In the meantime the two Chinese
custon-houses, foreign boat houses, &c., near the gardens
before the factories, were removed. The excitement
among the Chinese people and militia was now very
great, and it was rumoured that the latter were about to
make an attack on the barbarians. Sand and sand-bags
were pouring into the city, designed for blocking up the
gates. Cannon were also to be brought into the city.
However, the day and the night passed, and " all things
continued to go on as usual."
Barricades were now removed; parties who had left
their houses or shops began to return with their effects,
and the British troops prepared for embarkation; arid in
the afternoon the Corsair, having on board a detachment
of the 42d, moved down the river to Whampoa, where
the Vulture had remained, while the Empitgle had been
brought up within the barrier above Napier's Fort, al-
most within cannon shot of the city. The four follow-
ing documents appeared during the day:—
" No. 10.

" Keying, member of the Imperial house, guardian of
the heir apparent, an assistant member of the Cabinet, a
president of the Board of War, and Governor-General
of the provinces of Kwantung and Kwangs, issues this
proclamation:—

" As all the affairs of the provincial city at present
are being conducted in their usual manner, there is as-
suredly no cause for anxiety. Ye people, whether abid-
ing in your houses or your shops, you ought all to re-
main quiet and joyful in your respective pursuits. And
if there be lawless vagrants, who spread abroad exciting
roinours, create troubles, and deceive the multitude, it
being clearly ascertained who they are, they shall be
seized and severely punished. Give heed to this special
proclamation and oppose it not.
" Canton, April 7.