The Sun.
London, England, 1847-05-10 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY EVENING TIN
7

NJATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSV-
RANCE SOCIETY.

OFFICE, 26, COItNHILL, LONDON.
Capital 500,0001.

- .
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
The system of Deferred Annuities, originally proposed by the Na-
tional :Loan Fund Life Assurance Society, for the better advance-
ment of the objects of Benefit and Friendly Societies, having received
the approbation of a considerable body of the active members and
officers of those Institutions, and the Directors of the National Loan
Fund Society having been urgently solicited by them to estabiish a
Branch Office in connexion with the.. gocleties and the Operative
Classes generally, In which their services might be successfully en-
gaged, a Committee has been sanctioned by the Directors to open
communication with the different Societies, with the view of more
effectually disseminating the valuable benefits amongst the indus-
trious classes, and a plan has been Jroposed with that object.

ADDRESS OF THE COMMITTEE.
Many praiseworthy but ineffectual attempts have been made to
bring within the scope and operation of the laws of mortality and
money the savings of the industrious classes, as well as various cal-
culations regulating their distribution, having for their object either
immediate, contingent, or deferred benefits.
A slight examination, however, will demonstrate that the con-
struction of :here associations or societies is defective; and that in-
stead of affording an easy access and a free choice of investment,
should be the privilege of every one, they confine too nar-
rowly the 4tannel through which a benefit can alone be secured ;
and, in proportion as their action is circumscribed and embarrassed,
their utilitf is limited. For example, it is not to every individual
or to every class amongst the industrious community, that provision
in case of sickness is an object of such importance as to call for a
pecuniary sacrifice ;
.while to others such a provision appears more
attractive, and the loss of employment caused by sickness is a risk
against which they desire to be guarded. For this anomalous state
of things there is an effective and simple remedy ; that is to say,
Instead of covering, by one weekly or annual payment, two or more
contingent or deferred benefits, so to arrange it that each separate
benefit should have its separate contribution.
It is to not having observed this rule, and to the association of
two dissimilar functions, and by confounding a sick allowance and
an annuity fund in one and the self-same payment, that much of the
evils and mismanagement has arisen amongst Benefit Societies.
No mechanism can be so perfect for the management of a sick -
r ess-fund provision as that afforded by the constant sectional asso-
ciation and watchfulness of the several members composing it. By
this means a thorough and constant check is mutually exercised, and -
none but the really siek are likely to become chargeable upon it.
But the same perfection, or the same security, is seldom attainable
where a fund is to be accumulated through a succession of years,
and where results are to bear oat calculations, money investment
being in general beyond the experience of the industrious classes.
For these reasons it is clear that the funds destined for a provision in
sickness should be kept entirely distinct from the fundlutended as a
provision for old age :- •
Ist Because the laws of sickness and mortality, though apparently
connected, do not depend on the same calculation.
2d. Because there are a great nember who, in order to secure 8.,
larger provision in old age are willing to, take the risk of providing
for probable sickness on themselves.
3d. Because the responsibility of managing a provision for old age,
continued to a distant period is, in a great measure, incompatible
with voluntary associations, fluctuating laws, and individual irre-
sponsibility, and more exposed to a failure in the performance of
such a contract, that when undertaken on the same principles that
ordinarily govern commercial bodies.
4th. Because the expenses of providing for sickness must, when
nailed In the same payment with provision for old age, tend to dimi-
nish still more this provision : nor is it wisdom or good policy to en-
danger the one for the sake of the other.
Impressed with these convictions, and with an intimate knowledge
of the discussions passing within the boson of many of the existing
Friendly and Benefit Societies, the parties whose names are here-
unto attached, have had several meetings, with a view of proposing
or adopting a remedy for those and other evils ; and in this manner
to give an additional force to the principles of brotherhood, unity,
and mutual aid, on which friendly societies are based, by guarding
them from the risks of sudden dissolution.
After much diligent search amongst the combinations ingeniously
proposed from time to time for the attainment of one of the principal
objects of Friendly and Benefit Societies, they have found none equal
in simplicity and comprehensiveness of design, as well as forethought
and sympathy for the wants of the industrious classes, as the plan
proposed by the National Loan Fund Life Assurance Society. It is
true that the author of that plan has furnished an argument against
provision in sickness; but, without concurring in the immediate ex-
pediency of abandoning a yrrovision iu sickness, no one can read the
other part of the plan itself, without being fully satisfied that the
convenience and safety of Friendly and enefit Societies will be I
greatly secured and consulted, by separating the payment of a sick
allowance from an annuity for old age.
A deputation having waited on the directors of the National Loan
Fund, who met in the handsomest manner the overtures made to
them for the establishment of a separate office for the transaction of
business connected with Friendly and Benefit Societies, and the in-
dustrious classes in general, resolutions have been entered into, con-
stituting the undersigned as a Committee, with power to add to its
number, for the promulgation of the benefits contained in the an-
nexed Prospectus, under the guarantee of the Capital of the Society,
and which, without interfering with the numerous objects connected
with the institution of Benefit and Friendly Societies, will in their
opinion greatly enlarge their sphere of utility, and afford a protection
to the working classes in old age and adversity, which nothing up to
the present day has adequately secured to them.
Thomas Burthom, P.C.R., Ancient Order of Foresters.
John Fussell, C.R„ Ancient Order of Foresters.
John H. Gordon, D.S., Ancient Order of Foresters.
James Hale, D.C.R., Ancient Order of Foresters.
Henry Hunt, P.G., Manchester Unity of Odd Fellows.
Joseph Nugent, Pro. C.S., Manchester Unity of Odd Fellows.
Joseph Reeks, 8.0. F., Order of Old Friends.
Samuel Timbrell, D.C.R., Ancient Order of Foresters.
DEFERRED ANNUITIES.
Example.-A person aged 24 next birthday, by the annual payts
-
ment of U. 65., or quarterly payment of 75., or monthly paymen
of 2s. 2d.,:nsay;secure, on attaining the age of 60, the option of re-
ceiving Annuity, 101. 19s. 2d. ; Cash down, 1071. 3s. ; or a Policy
on his Life, 1371. 17s.
Example.-A person aged 26 next birthday, may secure, on at-
taining the age of 60, an Annuity of 101., with the other options, by
the annual payment of 11.65. 9d., or a single payment of 22/.173.3d.;
or on payment of 61. 14s. 3d. for disparity, he will be entitled to
the same benefits by an annual payment of 18s. 11d., the same as
or age 20.
Example.-1. person aged 30 next birthday, by the annual pay-
ment of 11. 68., or quarterly payment of 75., or monthly payment
of 2s. 2d., may secure on attaining the age of 65, the option of re-
ceiving Annuity, 181. Os. 4d.; cash down, 1481. 12s. ; or a policy on
his life 1751. 1 is.
Example.-A person aged 35 next birthday, by the annual pay-
ment of 1/. Os., or quarterly payment of 75., or monthly payment
of 2s. 2d., may secure, on attaining the age of 65, the option of re-
ceiving nnuity, 18/. Os. 4d. ; cash down, 1481. 12s. ; or a policy on
Isis life, 1761. lie.

LIFE ASSURANCE.
Example.—A person at the age of 30 next birthday may secure
the sum 01 1001. payable at his death, whenever it may happen, and
also participate in the Annual Division. 4,f Profits, by the annual pay-
ment of 21. 9s. 3d.

Example.—A person at the age of 25 next birthday, by the pay-
ment of 4a. per month, or Is. per-week, may secure the sum of
1121. ss. payable at nis death, whenever it may happen, and like-
wise share in the annual profits of the Society.

F. FERGUSON C kbiROUX, Secretary.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR-
ANCE SOCIETY,
26, CORNRILL, LONDON,
Capital X 300,000.
• Empowered by Act •t• Parliament.
This Institution embraces important and substantial advantages
with respect to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities. The assured
has, ou all occasions, the power to borrow, without expense or for-
feiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premiums paid (see Table);
also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion •f his in-
terests t• meet other conveniences or necessity.
Assurances for terms of years are grouted at the lowest possible
rates.

The division of profits is annut.l. curl the next will be made in
ecember of the present year.
F. FERGUSON I'ANIROUX. Secretary.

IMPERIAL LIFE IN
CORNHILI

SURANCE COMPANY,
LONDON.

DIRECTORS.
HENRY JAMES PRESCOTT, Esq., Chairman.
GEORGE FIELD, Esq., Deputy Chairman.
James C. C. Bell, Esq. Daniel Mildred, Esq.
Michael Bland, Esq, James G. Murdoch, Esq.
Charles Francis Cobb, Esq. John Horsley Palmer, Esq.
Andrew Colvile, Esq. Henry Pearce, Esq.
George Henry Cutler, Esq. George Reid, Esq.
George Hibbert, Esq. William R. Robinson, Esq.
Thos. Newman Hunt, Esq. Newman Smith, Esq.
FOUR-FIFTHS, or 80 per Cent., of the PROFITS will be as-
signed to policies every fifth year, and may be applied to increase the
sum insured, to an immediate payment in cash, or to the reduction
and ultimate extinction of future premiums, as shown in the follow-
ng example :
PROFITS to POLICIES of 25 YEARS STANDING, entitled to
_ .

- -
participate in the Bonus declared in 1846.

Age Cash paid on'Or Prem. And an-
at Sum Annual Bonus surrender reduced nual re-
Entry. Insured. Premium. added. of Bonus. to. turn of.
£ s. S. d. £ s. d.
15 1000 19 510 451 5 0 174 12 3 8 6 9
20 1000 21 15 10 451 5 0 193 12 2 815 0
30 1000 26 14 2 51 .5 0 236 18 7 710 5
40 1000 33 19 2 51 5 0 284 0 6 4 9 8 . •
50 1000 45 6 8 51 5 0 335 911 .. • • 419 4
60 1000 63 11 4 51 5 0 384 12 5 36 10 6

rates.

Prospectuses,
now given by t
above ; at the B:

lthout participation in profits el

at reduced

and an explanatory statement of other advantages
this Company, may be had at the Chief Offices as
ranch Office, 16, Pall-mall ; or of the Agents.
SAMUEL INGALL, Actuary.

THE NORWICH UNION REVERSIONARY
INTEREST COMPANY.
* Notice is hereby given, That TIIREE of the present Directors and
the Auditors of this Company, ill
O G OUT of OFFICE at the ensu-
ing general meeting, appointed to be held on FRIDAY the the en
of
June next.
The Directors and Auditors so retiring are eligible for re-election.
23, Lincoln's-inn-fields, May 7, 1847.
HENRY NORRIS, Secretary.

ON THE SECRET INFIRM
MATURITY . S ITIE OF YOUTri u
WITH TWENTY-FITE COLOURED ENGRAVINGS.
Just published, Twentieth Thousand, in a sealed envelope, price
2a. 6d. or post paid, to any address, for 3s. 6d. in Postage tamsdirect from the Author's residence.
ELF. PRESERVATION : A Medical Treatise
1.3 on the Secret Infirmities and Disorders of Youth and Matur;•y.
illustrated with Twenty-five Coloured Plates on the Anatomy.
Physiology, and Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Organs,
explaining their various structures, uses, and functions, and showii
the injuries that are produced in them, by solitary habits, and etinrl
excesses. With Practical Observations on the Treatment of Nervous
Debility, Local and Constitutional Weakness, and other diseases of
the Urethra.
By SAMITZL LA'MERT, CONSULTING SURGEON,
9, Sidford-street, Bedford-square, London;
Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Ilonorar
Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate
Apothecaries' Hall, London, &c., Sze.

CONTENTS OF THE TREATISE.
•CHAPTER 1. On the Philosophy of Marriage, with its Hindrance,
and 0 bligations, and on Infelicitous and Unproductive Unions.—
CHAPTER 2. On the Anatomy and Physiology of the Generative
Organs, their flanctions, structures, and secretions, proving that grey
Mental and Physical Power are dependant upon their healthy action
—CHAPTER 3. On Solitary Habits; their various effects on the
Animal Economy ; the concealed cause of Debility of the function
of the Stomach, Lungs, and Brain, and general weakness of the
Mental Faculties. CRAFTER 4. On the Secret Disorders of Youtl
and Maturity, and the Treatment of Nervous and Local Weakness,
Mental Debility, and Premature Decay.—CHAPTERS 5 and G. Or
the Disorsierr arising from indiscriminate Excess, Gontiorlaaa
Cleat, Strictures, and other Diseases of the Urethra.

REVIEWS OF THE WORE.
"The author of this singular and talented work is a legally quali-
fied melt cal man, who has evidently had considerable experience of
the trr Atment of the various disorders arising from the follies an i
frailties of early indiscretion. The engravings are an invaluable ad
dition, by demonstrating the consequences of excesses, which anus'
act as a salutary warning to youth and maturity, and by its perusal
many questions may be satisfactorily replied to, that admit t no ap-
peal, even to the most confidential friend."—Era.
Published by the Author, and may be had at his residence; also
rom Kent and 11lchard.i, 52, Paternoster-row; ilannay and Co., 6
-'ord-street Starie, Tichborne-street, Quadrant; Gordon, ld;
Lasdenhall-street, London; Newton, 16, Church-street, Liverpool
and by all Booksellers.

—At -Home for Consultation daily, rom Nine till Two, and fro
Five till sight ; and all letters immediately replied to, if containin
he fee of 11., for advice,&c.-9 BEDFORD-STREET BEDFORD
IMES, LONDON,

WILSON'S TAINC SOTTISMENTS. H ENTER-
At the MUSIC-HALL, STORE-STREET, BEDFORD-SQUARE.
THIS EVENING, May 10, at Eight o'clock, Mr. WILSON will
give an Entertainment on the
SONGS OF SCOTLAND,
In which he will sing a variety of Popular Songs and Ballads.
In the course of the Evening, Mr. Wilson will, by request, sing
Burns's song of "GO FETCH TO ME A PINT 0' WINE."
PART FIRST.-0 weel may the Boatie row—Of a' the Airts the
Wind can blaw—Whell buy Caller Herring—Name came our gude-
man at e'en—Owen the Water to Charlie—Bonnie Bessie Lee—The
Married Man's Lament—Pibroch u' Donald Dhu.
PART SECOND.—The Flowers o' the Forest—The Auld School—
Woo'd an' married an' a'—Auld Joe Nicholson's Bonny Nannie
Get up and Bar the Door.
Tickets, 2s. ; Reserved Seats, 2s. Gd. ; Private Boxes for Six Per-
sons, lbs. ; for Eight, 11.

AUSTRALIAN COLONIES.
(From the Caledonian Mercury.)
The disposal of our convicts is of vital interest as
regards our social econom, and also enters deeply
y
into the future progress of our Australian colonies.
.It present the whole subject is under the considera-
tion of our Home Government, who are inclined to
restrict the immediate or direct transportation to fe-
males, and retain male convicts to undergo a peni-
tentiary probation in this country, as a preliminary
to a compulsory exile to Asia, Africa, or America, as
they shall choose--the condition of their ransom
being simply that their future lot shall be cast in
remote lands. In introducing an extensive alteration
of this nature into our penal administration, great
weight must necessarily, be given to the opinions of
those in New South Wales who are versant with the
whole working of the convict system,. accordingly, a
select committee of the Legislative Council of New
South Wales was appointed to report on a dispatch
by the Government of Sir Robert Peel, respecting
the renewal of transportation to the colony. That
report has now been published, and along with the
same the evidence of Benjamin Boyd, Esq., a familiar
name in Australia. Mr. Boyd is one of the largest
capitalists, and a most enterprising colonist, employ-
ing upwards of 800 people ; and from his general
intelligence and intimate knowledge both of the in-
ternal resources and foreign trade of New South
Wales, his testimony has been justly regarded of
great value by the committee, who have adopted
several of his leading suggestions.
If it was referred to the inhabitants of this colony,
whether the transportation of convicts should cease
altogether, it is believed that a large majority, and
especially of the operative classes, would gladly be rid
of the taint, whatever might be the effect in retarding
the progress of the colony. They have had too bitter
an experience of the frightful depravity engendered by
the sy stem, as practised of late years, to think that any
mercenary considerations could compensate for such a
gangrene. In this . feeling all classes in the colony
would participate, if the alternative was the abolition
of transportation altogether, or its continuance under
the present revolting regulations where the male con-
victs are aggregated in masses or chain gangs. But
if the convict system was modified, and the colony
saved from those vicious and detestable influences
which are the inseparable results of that frightful com-
bination, then the more intelligent and enterprising co-
lonists consider that transportation might be rendered
a valuable agency in the advancement of the colony. This
opinion is given by Mr. Boyd, and enforced in the report
ofthe committee, but always under the qualification that
voluntary emigration must exceed penal emigration, so
that the noxious elements of the latter may be absorbed
and neutralised in the swelling tide of a free and in-
dustrious population. What New South Wales re-
quires is, labour to keep pace with the productive
agencies of the colony. Now Mr. Boyd estimates
the quantity of sheep in the colony at seven millions,
and of cattle one million and a half. We may men-
tion, in passing, that these multitudinous herds are
all derived from three or four sheep and as many
cattle, that, about half a century since, were sent out
from the farm of George 111. to stock his infant
colony. Taking the increase for the first year at two
millions and a half of sheep, and half a million of
cattle, and keeping in view the geometrical progres-
sion in succeeding years, Mr. Boyd calculates that in
the tending, &c., of these increasing flocks, taking
three men and a quarter for every thousand sheep.
and one man for every 500 cattle—would be afforded
a corresponding outlet for agricultural labour. The
number of men immediately required he estimates at
10,000, and taking the colony throughout, he con-
siders that number rather under than over the limit.
But such is the scarcity of labour, and so inadequate
to these productive resources of the colony, that in
some districts it is impossible to procure hands for
the shearing, and so the valuable fleece is lost. It is
clear that with the finest pastures and breeds,
it is just as impossible to reap the results
without a corresponding human agency as
to expect grain without the usual agricultural appli-
ances. Unless, therefore, New South Wales is pro-
perly supplied with labour, no matter whether by
convicts or freemen, the pastoral and inexhaustible re-
sources we have described, must be stinted ; in fact,
Mr. Boyd says, "unless we get an immediate supply
we must cease to breed."
Having thus shown how rapidly labour would be
swallowed up in the augmenting production of the
colony, the report of the committee and also the evi-
dence of Mr. Boyd turn to the consideration of the
convict system, and how far it is expedient to recruit
this annual demand for labour through transportation,
hvt concomitant with a preponderating influx of free
emigrants. Of the etnigrante who have from time to
been sent out, it has been found, generally speaking,
that they do not constitute so useful a class of labour-
ers as the convicts or ticket-of-leave holders. Where
convicts, on landing, have been at once assigned and
distributed in the interior, without passing through
the probation system, they have, with few ex-
ceptions, turned out to be well conducted and effi-
cient servants. They are extensively scattered over
the remote districts, thus removed from those
contagious influences which would beset them in the
towns, and which, when herding together in chain
gangs, break forth in the most aggravating form.
In short, the institution of those gangs, and the at-
tempted application of discipline and correction to
human beings in such circumstances have proved a
miserable failure. Mr. Boyd says, "as regards the
probation system in Van Diewan's Land, I am,
therefore, of opinion that it is productive of the very
worst results; the natural effects of men of vicious
habits and strong passions herding together, must, so
far from tending to their improvement, only confirm
their vices, and further demoralise them. To use a
pastoral figure, in such a situation, they may be
compared to a flock of sheep infected with the virulent
scab' of this colony—we may dress them with
whatever ointment we please, but we are all aware
that unless at the same time we remove them to clean
pastures, the disease will soon break out worse than
ever ; thus it is that the attempt to amend criminals
in a probation party, instead of removing them from
corrupting influences, must aggravate the moral dis-
ease, whilst, on the other hand, their removal at
once from home, and dispersing them generally
throughout this colony would tend towards their
moral improvement instead of their farther degra-
dation."
In carrying out this scheme of secondary punish-
ment, which is not only abortive in itself but posi-
tively pernicious to .any community, it is calculated
that half a million is annually spent by this country,
besides the cost of penal establishments in this coun-
try, which last, in a great degree, only serve as a
temporary location for the youthful criminals, while
fulfilling that career which ends in transportation.
Now, the committee of the Legislative Council, in
sanctioning the resumption of transportation accom-
panied with the dispersion of the convicts in the
manner stated, expressly stipulate that a free emi-
gration of both sexes, and to an extent at least double
that of convicts transported, must take place at the
same time. The cost of this emigration to the Home
Government, they calculate, would be greatlj, lei-
sened by the saving from the abolition of the conviet
penal establishments. But so advantageous, and,
indeed, essential to this colony is an additional supply
of labour, and in so- far as derived from transpor-
tition, that it should be exceeded by that from free
emigration, that the colonists would rather aid the
Home Government in securing emigration by means
of a loan secured on the landed fund of the
colony, in the shape of a terminable annuity as
suggested by Mr. Boyd, than run any risk of
unduly increasing the convict population. If five
thousand convicts were imported annually, and an
emigration of males and females could be assured by
the Government to the e xtent of ten thousand, such
are the resources of this colony, that this large ac-
cession to the population, so far from being the maxi-
mum, is described as the minimum amount of labour
that the colony could annually absorb. This nes‘d
not be surprising when it is considered that the meat
at present derived from the flocks and herds of
Australia is equivalent to the supply of more
than twenty times the existing population
But the evidence of Mr. Boyd: and which
is here specially founded on by the committee, shows
that the colony possesses other and unexplored cha D-
nels of unbounded enterprise in its forests, mines, and
fisheries. Those first two sources of wealth, the
wood and minerals, are unheeded from the want of
the necessary labour; and the valuable fisheries, from
the same cause, are scarcely attempted by the colony,
although the Americans have no less that 670 what-
ing vessels in the Pacific, employing upwards of
20,000 men, and consuming above '200,000/. value in
provisions. These American vessels come a distance
of 16,000 miles to fish on the Australian coast, and
derive great wealth from their enterprise, while New
South Wales, in its present state, is unable to take
advantage of these fisheries with all the facilities af-
forded by locality.
In short, it is impossible to esti-
mate what this colony might soon achieve if labour
'•
was available, as in this country, to be diverted into
id every productive source.
.0-

LADY ELIZABETH BUTLER.—We are delighted to
learn that this amiable lady is recovering from the effects of
the late very severe accident which befel her.--ifilkenng
Journal.
Bou Maza arrived in Paris on Wednesday morning
by the mail from St. Etienne.