The Sun.
London, England, 1847-03-25 00:00:00

SIGNING THE TREATY OF
LAHORE.

THE UNITED STATES AND
MEXICO.
The following is an outline of the speech for peace
(referred to in our last correspondence from the United
States) delivered in Congress by M. Sevier:—
" The object of this Bill, as appears upon its face, was
to make peace with Mexico ; and, in urging its passage,
he should abstain from the expression of any opinions
regarding the origin of the Mexican war, for his object
was to excite no party feelings upon any side on a ques-
tion of this sort. He took it for granted they were all
In favour of peace, if it could be obtained upon proper
terms ; and it was proper that he should say that he did
not see how peace could be brought about unless one or
other of the belligerent parties made an advance towards
obtaining it. It was true, they had already made an
advance towards that object, by sending a message to
treat with the Government of Mexico, and had kept
our army out of the country which was claimed by
us for a considerable time before the commencement
of the war, for the express purpose of securing
peace, by showing a forbearance and a disposition to
avoid a hostile collision. In making peace, of course,
the United States would expect to receive indemnity to
some extent, at least, for the expenses of the war, and
they would expect also the payment of the claims held
by our citizens against the Republic of Mexico, and
this indemnity was expected in the shape of territory.
Ile was not authorised to state precisely what territory
this Government would require, but he supposed that
no senator would think that they ought to get less than
Now Mexico and Upper California. 'He did not sup•
pose that a treaty of peace with less than this would
ever pass that body. However, they would be better
prepared when a treaty was proposed to determine
as to the quantity. Having stated, then, in a few
words the object of the bill and its form, the next
question that arose was, whether it was proper that
they should effect their purpose upon these terms.
In regard to that he would say, that, in coming to
the conclusion they had, the Committee were governed
to a great extent by the recommendation of the Pre-
sident, who communicated to them official correspond-
ence which he had in his possession, and after exa.
mining that correspondence, they had come to the
conclusion that peace could be made upon those terms
with Mexico. Ile believed that Mexico, a large part of
it at all events, a large majority of the people would be
glad to make peace. This opinion he derived from an
examination of the correspondence which the President
had communicated to them. It could not be expected,
however, that the President, or anybody else, would be
required to give the names of those who imparted this
information, for it would be a breach of confidence to do
so. It would be sufficient, therefore, for him to say, that
in looking over this correspondence, coming from the
quarter it did, he thought the probability was, that
if this Bill should pass, a peace, upon such terms as
he named, would be effected. They were engaged in an
expensive war—a war attended with a great sacrifice of
life, and ono which exhausted the means of the Govern-
ment ; and, if peace could be made upon these terms,
he thought there ought to be no hesitation about making
it. But it might be asked, could a lasting peace be
made under the circumstances in which Mexico was
placed, divided as that country is into various ramifica-
tions of party, factions existing everywhere, an unstable
government, and with no one party sufficiently strong
to make up peace ? The intelligence possessed by the
President gave them reason to believe that, upon a cer-
tain advance to be made to them to pay the expenses
of their army and other expenses, they would be wil-
ling to cede that portion of their country which he
had named. His object was not to consume the
time of the Senate ; and to avoid everything that
might produce discussion or party excitemeut, he
bad endeavoured, in as few words as possible, to
deans the object of this measure, and to hold out to
the Senate the prospect of procuring a peace. Our
arms had triumphed everywhere. We had got posses-
82_0_1[:.et a f
large part of their territory ; we had got pos-
a" lon of of their seaports, orts and held others block-
aded. W p
e were powerful, and in a condition to force
contributions, and every one in Mexico, or at least the
greater number, desirous of concluding a peace.
He hoped, therefowree,rtbehaedSenate would concur with him
in the view which he expressed,lla and adopt the mea-
sure which the President
d to discuss thed recommended.pqrueesatreo m ore f u If it
should be propose
eNvntluelma ebn desired regard to this war,uheg
got
the
discussion as fully
be would respectfully ask the Senate to let thpisresßeinllt
for he thought it was becoming on thepowerful,
country, and
dour arms
pass, . the most part of this
country, as being mos
thus far, to make the firstas advances to-
bad triumphed
putting wards concluding a
lie thought andthat an end to this
destructive war. a proper regard for
the opinions of the world should
required that they ould
make peace, and that their demands upon Mexico should
be moderate in any treaty that might be made with that
republic."

INSTINCT or BIRDS.—When the lapwing wants to
procure food, it seeks for a worm's nest and stamps the
ground by the side of it with its feet, after the manner
of boys in order to procure worms for fishing. Atter
doing this for a short time the, bird waits for the issue
of the worm from the hole, who, alarmed at the shak-
ing of the ground, endeavours to make his escape, when 1
/?,a . immediately seised, and becomes the prey of this I
, Ingenious bird.

SINGAPORE. 1
(From the Singapore Free Press, Feb. 6.)
Singapore, in the month which has elapsed since the
last issue of our Overland, has not presented any
striking incidents for comment, affairs having run on in
an even course. The junks from China have begun to
arrive, but at this early period it cannot yet be known
whether there will be any great decrease in their num-
bers or not; although in those which have already
arrived, a very considerable alteration in the value of
their airgoes, oompared with former years, has been
manifested; the articles brought by them being of con-
siderably less value than in former seasons.
OCCUPATION OF LAB JAN.
On Tuesday last her Majesty's ship Iris, Captain
Mundy, arrived from Borneo, bringing accounts of the
Island of Labuan having been at last formally taken
possession of by the British Crown. The Iris arrived
at Labuan on the 18th ult., and operations were imme-
diately commenced by clearing a space about three
times the size of the Singapore Esplanade. On the
24th the British flag was hoisted on the island in
presence of many Malays from Bruni, &c., who
appeared to be highly delighted with the proceedings.
The proper salutes were fired from cannon which had
been brought ashore, and from the Iris and Wolf. The
natives, we understand are exceedingly anxious to be al-
lowed to settle upon Labuan, so that as soon as permis-
sion is given to that effect, we may expect to see a large
population speedily gathered together.
We regret to hear that Captain Gordon, of her Ma-
jesty's ship Wolf, died while at Labuan of jungle fever,
and that a number of persons 'belonging to that vessel
and the Iris are also suffering from sickness. Unneces-
sary exposure and over-exertion are thought to be the
cause of this sickness, but which has no doubt been
partly, if not wholly, caused by the unwholesome miasma
produced by the clearing of the jungle. There have
been many instances in Penang and elsewhere of mor-
tality arising from persons inhabiting houses built on
ground where the forest has been newly cleared, which
in all probability, would not have occurred had a suffi-
cient time been allowed to elapse after the clearingof the
ground, before building, so as to permit the miasma
arising from the newly-uncovered ground, as well as from
the decayed jungle, to be effectually dissipated.—Singa•
pore Free Press, Jan. 21.

The following letter from a young Scotch officer who
yeas present at the signing of the late treaty which places
the State and Government of Lahore fourteen years
longer under the protection of the British, gives an in-
teresting description of that showy ceremony. The letter
is dated from the camp at Jundiallah, en route to Umrit-
seer, and is addressed to a near relation in Edinburgh:—
" My dear -- I think the last letter I wrote you
was dated from Jullunder ; and here we are again on
the march. We marched from Jullunder on the 23d
December, and joined the Governor-General's camp
at Berwal Ghaut, on the bank of the river Bess, to be
present at the Grand Durbar, held there for the pur-
pose of signing the new treaty between Lahore and the
British Government. I shall do my best to give you
a description of the imposing scene. We marched down
to the Governor-General's camp at eight o'clock of the
morning of the 27th in full dress, and were drawn up to
form a street, leading to the Grand Durbar tent in the
following order—first, the 2d European Regiment, then
the 73d Native Infantry, after which came the Governor-
General's Body Guards, and a Regiment of Irregular
Horse ; and last of all, the Horse Artillery. After
waiting in the burning sun for the space of about three
hours, a gun announced the arrival of the Maharajah,
who was met by the Governor-General ; and having
been placed on his right hand in the same howdah, the
procession moved up the street formed by the troops,
to the Great Durbar tent. Fancy elephants, to the
number of fifty, moving six abreast, with their howdahs
and trappings covered with gold and silver. One felt
the very ground shake as they passed. On the Governor-
General entering the tent, we were allowed to fall
out for the purpose of seeing the fun. The Go-
vernor-General then made a speech to the Sir-
dars and Chiefs, which was translated to them by Mr.
Currie, Secretary to Government, during which the
&,all Maharajah yawned immoderately. The poor
little fellow was then made to affix his mark of signa-
ture to the treaty,—the former I conjecture, as he
cannot, I should think, be able to write, being only eight
years old, and very *mall for his age. He is a remark-
ably fair and pretty little fellow, and was dressed in a
sort of robe of yellow silk, with a small white turban on
his head, covered with jewels, among which, I believe
was the famous Lahore diamond. The presents from
the British Government were then brought in ; the
thing he seemed most taken with was a neat little rifle,
inlaid with gold. His Lordship put it together for him,
and the little fellow pointed in all directions—snapping
the locks with an avidity quite appalling to behold.
The Sirdats then were brought up, and having been
presented to Lord Hardinge, and received their presents,
the meeting was broken up. They are a very rascally-
leoking set of fellows, but the most amusing part of
them were the military gentlemen ; for instance, there
was General Goolab Singh, dressed in a sort of red hussar
jacket, covered with gold lace and spangles, a white
waistcoat, of the very newest pattern, a pair of bright
yellow inexpressibles, made tight to the leg, with a broad
gold stripe down the sides, and a pair of English pumps
and white cotton stockings, with a long yellow night-cap ,
on, the better to set. off his charcoal visage ! There
were many others of the same profession dressed in
quite as outre a manner. We were all very glad when
it was over, and as we had had no breakfast, and it was
then one o'clock P.M. We are now on our way to a
place called " Umritsur," where the Governor-General
bolds another Durbar, but for what purpose I know not." ,

Average Amcunt.
Oxfordshire Witney Bank. Witney—Williams,
Clinch, and Co 11,079
Pease's Old Bank, Hull, the hull Old Bank and
Beverley Bank, Hull—Pease and Co 46,216
Penzance Bank, Penzance—Batten and Co 11,289
?eterborough Bank -and Oundle Bank, Peter-
borough—Messrs. Yorke
Peterborough Bank, Peterborough—Simpson,
White, and Simpson 11,629
Pcsabrokeshire Bank, Haverfordwest—J. and
W. Walters
Penzance Union Bank, Falmouth Bank, and
Truro Bank, Penzance—Rickets, Enthoven
and Co
Reading Bank, Reading—slmonas and Co 37,529
Reading Bank, Reading—Stephens,Blandy, and
Co
Richmond Bank, Richmond—Stapleton and Co 6,215
Ringwood and Poole Bank, and Town and
County of Poole Bank, Ringwood—Ledgard
and Sons
Rochdale Bank, Rochdale—Clement, Royds,
and Co 4,283
Rochester, Chatham, and Strood Bank, Roches-
ter—Day and Nicholson
Romsey and Hampshire Bank, Romsey—Foot-
ner and Son
Royston Bank, Royston—Fordham and Sons 14,914
Rugby Bank, Rugby—Butlin and Son 14,413
Rye Bank, Rye—Curteis, Pomfret, and Co 20,722
Reigate and Darlcing Bank, and Reigate, Croy-
don, and Darking Bank, Reigate—Nash and
Co..

14,855

_,...
Ross (old Bank, Herefordshire, Ross—Pritchard
and Allaway 4,451
Saffron Walden and North Essex Bank, Saffron
Walden—Messrs. Gibson
Salop Bank, Shrewsbury—Burton, Lloyd, and
Co
Scarborough Old Bank, Scarborough—Woodall
and Co 23,275
Shrewsbury and Market, Dray ton Bank, Shrews-
bury—Adams, Adams, and Co
Shrewsbury Old Bank, and Shrewsbury and
Ludlow Bank, Shrewsbury—Rocks, Eytons,
and Co.
Sittingbourne and Milton Bank, Sittingbourne
—Valiance and Son 2,885
Southampton Town and County Bank, South-
`ampton—Maddicon and Son

Soutliwell Bank, Southwell—Wylde and Co. 12,834
St. Alban's Bank, St. Alban's—J. S. Story 2,566
Salisbury Bank, Salisbury—Messrs. Brodie 22,373
Shaftesbury Bank, Shaftesbury— Brodie and
King 8,765
Southampton and Hampshire Bank, Southamp-
ton—Atherly and Fall
Stone Bank, Stone—W. Moore 6,270
Stourbridge Ban's, Stourbridge —Rufford,
Wragg, and Co 17,449
Stafford Old Bank, Stafford—Stevenson and Co 12,483
Stamford and Rutland Bank, Stamford—Eaton,
Cayley, and Co.
Stourbridge Old Bank, Stourbridge—Bate and
Robins
Shrewsbury and Welshpool Bank, Shrewsbury
—Beck, Downward, and Co. 26,356
St. Alban's and Harts Bank, St. Alban's—Gib-
son and Stuart
....

7,983

2,297
27,491