The Sun.
London, England, 1841-04-15 00:00:00

LONDON, THURSDAY, APRIL 15, 1811.

ADVERTISERS.

:URNS for 1840 prove
CHRONICLE publishes every
I to

TO THE PROPRIETORS OF EAST INDIA-STOCK.
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN,
VirE beg leave to oWer you our grateful acknow.
ledgments for the honour you have conferred upon us
by re-eleeting us into the Direction.
Trusting that the Proprietors will ever find us deserving of
the confidence they have reposed in us,
We have the honour to be, with great respect,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Your most obedient and very humble Servant:,
JOHN Coil uN
JOHN LOCH
CHARLES MILLS .
HENRY SETA NK
HENRY ST GEORGE TUCKER,
East India House, April 14, 1841.

7 True Suns, or
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10 Planets, or
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isers is therefore obvious.

TO THE-PROPRIETORS OF EAST INDIA STOCK.
LADIES AND GEN.TLEMEN, •
JBeg leave to return von my most grateful Thanks
for the high honour you have conferred upon me in elect-
ing me to a seat in in the management of your affuits, and to
assure you that it will be my constant endeavour to prove my-
self deserving of the confidence you have thus reposed in me,
by a:faithful, diligent, and independent discharge of my duty.
I have the honour to Le, with the greatest respect,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
. Your most obedient and humble servant,
W. H. CHICHELEY PLOWDEN.
El, Devonshire-place, April 14, 1341.

PUBLICATIONS.

Now ready, in 2 vols Bvo., with Portraits.
MEMOIRS of the COLMAN FAMILY.
By R. B. PEAKE, Esc!.
Including their Correspondence with the most Distinguished
Personages of their Time.

" Boswell's Johnson,' and Peake's Memoirs of the Col-
man Family,' will henceforth sue for fellowship on the same
shelf."—Court Journal.
" Two highly interesting volumes, which will doubtless
be read with avidity by a large class of the community."—
Observer.

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ON FRIDAY EVENING, APRIL 16, 1841,7
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•
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THE NEW WORK BY. THOMAS INGOLDSBY, ESQ.
SOME ACCOUNT OF
Y COUSIN NICHOLAS.
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all who desire to kill care, and who have the taste to appre-
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HE KREMNITZ WHITE LEAD
WORKS, BELVIDERE=ROAD,
The Proprietors of the above Works beg to offer to the
Consumers of WHITE LEAD a very superior article in co-
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ment :—First Quality, 245. per cwt. ; Second Ditto, 225. ;
Third Ditto, 20s:—The White Lead is made up in kegs, to suit
Shinners and ethers.

FOR THE SADDLE.
GENTLEMEN who Ride, and who dislike
Indian Rubber Clothing, are confidently invited to in-
spect a new, light, and gentlemanly WATERPROOF GAR-
MENT, made expressly for, and admirably adapted to the
above purpose. as, while it effectually excludes the rain, DOES
NOT (like all others) CONFINE THE PERSPIRATION.
Also, for general use, at •all seasons, the well-known and much
approved

WATERPROOF CODRINGTON FROCK,
which, after more than two years' extensive trial, continues to
be described by these who have tried them as the most con-
venient and valuable garment ever invented. Made only by
W. Berdoe, who continues to supply VENTILATING}
WATERPROOF CLOTHING of every description.
WALTER BERDOE, TAILOR, 69, CORNHILL
(North side.)

WATERLOO-HOUSE, 69, 70, AND 71, ST. PAUL'S
CHURCH-YARD.

HALL AND ALLAN beg to inform their
Friends and the Public that in consequence of a mis-
understanding between the Agent of a large Manufacturer in
Scotland and the principal wholsesale houses in London, they
havebeen enabled fo purehr.se the said Manufacturer's Stock of
Mousseline de Laine Dresses—a decided job The Fabrics
and Desivis are of the very best quality and style, and are now
offered at Bs. 9d. the dress, which, a fortnight ago, sold for
15s. 9d. ; also a lot of Chene de Laine Dresses at 6s. lOid.,
worth double the money. H. and A. having just received a
fresh importation of Shawls, comprising Ottoman and Egyptian
Cord, Embroidered Velvet, Plain and Figured Black Satin,
and Rich Chene, Brouche, and Damask Silk, respectfully
solicit an early inspection. They flatter themselves a moro
superb assortment will not be seen in any house in London.
Milliners arc respectfully informed that they can be supplied
with every material requisite in their business on the most
moderate terms, and have now an opportunity of selecting
from one of the largest and best assorted Stock of Ribbons in
the Metropolis. French and English Satins, Satinetts, Gros
de Naples, &c., in great variety.
Observe 69, 70, 71, ST. PAUL'S CHURCH YARD.

POPULAR EDITION.
Price Half-a-crown, by post 3s. 6d.,
ARRIAGE—Its Intent, Obligations, and
• Physical and Constitutional Disqualifications Medically
considered; with interesting and remarkable Illustrations, gra.
phie, narrative, and remedial : an original, comprehensive, and
important Work, addressed chiefly to Young Men, and called
PROFESSIONAL RECORDS.

Also, Companion to the same, called MEDICAL CON.
SULTATIONS. Price 2s. Gd.

Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street
Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Harris, 25, Bow-street ; and al
Booksellers.

Just published, price 2s. 6d.

AL.PRACTWAL ESSAY on the DEBILI-
TIES of the GENERATIVE SYSTEM, their Va-
rieties. Causes, Treatment, and Cure.

13y a MEMBER. of the ROYAL COLLEGE of SURGEONS,
London, and Surgeon to a Metropolitan Infirmary.
" I am impotent, and not fit to live."—Last's Records of s
Suicide.

Sold by Onwhyn, Catherine-street, Strand; Ross and
Nightingale, Liverpool ; Barlow, Birmingham ; and all Book-
sellers in Town and Country‘
N.B. Persons in the Country may have this work forwarded
by post (free), upon addressing either of the above Booksellers,
and inclosing a remittance of 3s.

Just published, in royal 18mo., cl.th, price 3s. ; and sent in
Town'or Country free, by post, 3s. 6d.,
ANHOOD: the CAUSES of its PRE-
L_Vii. MATURE DECLINE, with. Plain Directions for
ITS PERFECT RESTORATION; addressed to these suf-
fering frzm the destructive effects of Excessive Indulgence,
solitory Habits, or Infection ; followed by Observations on the
TREATMENT of SYPHILIS, GONORRHEA, GLEET,
&c. Illustrated with Cases, &c.

By J. L. CURTIS and COMPANY,
Consulting Surgeons, London.
Published by the Authors, and sold by Ralliere, Medical
Bookseller, 219, aegent-streot ; 59, Pall Mall; Swange, 21,
Paternoster-row; Pattie, 4, Brydges-street, Strand; 8,
D'Olier-street, Dublin; Duncan ,114, High-street, Edinburgh;
and to be had of all Booksellers.

The Work which is now presented to the public is the result
of very extended experience in a class of •diseases and affec-
tions, which for some unaccountable reason have been either
altogether overlooked, or treated with apathy, and almost in-
difference, by the ordinary practitioner. Ts enter into the
details of these afiections, to point out their causes, and to
mark the terrific consequences, social, moral, and physical,
which are sure to ibllow from indulgence, in certain habits,
would be entirely out of place in an advertisement. We have
no hesitation, however, in saying that there is no member of
society, by whom the book will not be found interesting, whe-
ther we consider such person to hold the relation of a PA-
RENT, a PRECEPTOR, or a CLERGYMAN.

Messrs. CURTIS and CO. are to be consulted daily at their
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Five till Eight in the Evening; and Country Patients are re-
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—as to the duration of the complaint, the symptoms, age, ge-
neral habits of living, and occupation in life of the party ; the
communication must be accompanied by the " usual Consulta-
tion Fee of 11.," without which no notice whatever can be
taken of their application ; and in all cases, the most inviolable
secrecy may be relied on.

A, DISCOVER Yofgreat importance, by:the Rev.
-EX GORMAN GREGG, sole inventor of the invaluable
composition, GREGORIAN PASTE, the only certain CURE
for the TOOCH-ACHE and EAR-ACHE ; will preserve and
cleanse the Teeth, the efficacy of which is now well kOvlvn in
the United Kingdom, and many foreign parts. `, •
References of the highest respectability can be given, having
experienced its value.

Sold genuine at the Depot, 3, Opera-arcade, Pall-mall East,
where all orders are executed ; Mr. Keating's, 79, St. Paul's
Churchyard ; 78, St. James's-street ; 20, Mile-End-road ; and
at many respectable. Medicine Venders.

PAUPERISM IN SCOTLAND..

An admirable Report has just been published, drawn
up by a member of the Committee (David Milne, Esq.,
Advocate), appointed in April last veer at a general
meeting held in Edinburgh of landed proprietors con-
nected with different parts of Scotland, called in conse-
quence of the establishment of an Association for ob-
taining an official inquiry into the state of pauperism in
Scotland. The appearance of Dr. Alissia's pamphlet
relative to the prevalence of disease and destitution
among the poor in our large tcwns, and the proposed
which it reeommended of introducing the English
system into Scotland, .had the effect of awakening a
lively inte7eit in the subject. No party called in ques-
tion the general facts adduced by Dr. Alison, far
less did any body dispute the benevolent intentions
of that distinguished philanthropist. But there cer-
teinly did prevail a difference of opinion as to the
propriety of following out Dr. Alison's views to the
full extent, and of entirely changing the system of
pauper relief in Scotland, merely because in two or
three large towns the amount of poverty and its con-
cornitants, disease and distress, exceeded the statutory
and ordinary means of remedy. Whilst some con-
tended for the adoption of Dr. Alison's proposal, and
advised, as a preliminary step, that a Government Com-
mission should be appointed to make inquiry into the
state of pauperism in Scotland ; there were others, who
were decidedly opposed to the' substitution of the Eng-
lish for the Scotch system, and who were persuaded
that no Government Commission was necessary, be-
lieving that the means of inquiry already existing in
Scotland were sufficient. The advoCates for official in-
quiry, and a change of system, formed themselves
into an Association, whose principal objects were
to circulate Dr. Alison's work, end to petition the
Government to appoint a Commission to investi-
gate the state of pauperism, and the whole manage-
ment of the Poor in Scotland. To avert this dan-
gerous innovation upon our Poor-law, and at the same
time to procure all possible information upon the sub-
ject, the Committee whose able Report is now before
us organised themselves, and held various meetings, at
which resolutions were passed explanatory of the ob-
jects they had in vie v. These objects in the first in-
stance were for the purpose of bringing the matter
under the consideration of county meetings, the Ma-
gistrates of royal burghs, and the Moderators of Pres-
byteries, in order to elicit information as to the work-
ing and adequacy of the means provided for the neces-
sary relief of the poor. The result of these arrange.
ments is contained in the Report just published, from
which it appears that a groat number of Counties and
Presbyteries are oppcsed to the projected innovations
upon our management of pauperism. We now subjoin
a few extracts from the Report :
The Committee proceed now to state, what has been
done in different parts of Scotland, by the " natural
guardians of the poor," in accordance with the sugges-
tions in the resolutions transmitted by them as above
mentioned.
In the following counties, at the general meeting of
Justices of the Peace and Commissioners of Supply,
held on the 30th April last, the subject brought under
their attention by the resolutions was fully considered,
and certain resolutions adopted :—Aberdeen, Argyll,
Ayr, Berwick, Caithness, Clackmannan, Fife, Hadding-
ton, Inverness, Kincardine, Linlithgow, Mid-Lothian,
Morayshire, Nairne, Peebles, Perth, Ross, Roxburgh,
Selkirk, and Stirling.
There probably are other counties in which the sub-
ject has been considered and resolutions passed, from
which this Committee has as yet received no communi-
cation. They are aware of only two or three counties
in which it was thought unnecessary to enter on record
any formal expression of opinion.
On the whole, the Committee may state, Ist, That
in none of the counties or towns in Scotland have the
constituted authorities expressed their approval of the
proposed changes on the Scotch system of Poor-laver,
or of the proposed inquiry into the state of the poor in
Scotland by a Government Commission ; 2d, That out
of the thirty•two counties in Scotland, there are twenty
in which the Committee has ascertained that these pro-
posed objects of the Edinburgh Association were c; n•
sidered, and made the subject of resolutions strongly
disapproving of these objects ; 3d, That, to show their
readiness and anxiety to inquire into the existence of
the defects and abuses alleged in the administration of
the Poor-laws, at least fourteen counties have (to the
knowledge of the Committee) already appointed Com-
mittees to ascertain the condition of the poor, and draw
up, a report containing full information on the subject.
The Committee, in reference to the mode of in-
quiry adopted in the counties, would particularly refer
to that followed in Berwickshire, Fifesbire, and Hae.-
dingtonshiro, as examples worthy of imitation. In
these counties, schedules have been printed, with the
view of ascertaining not merely the number and condi-
tion of the poor, but also of eliciting the moral effects
of the existing system, and not on the poor alone, but
on other classes also. Their inquiries invite suggestions
for the improvement of the existhig laws, or the admi-
nistration of them, if such should occur to any indivi-
dual acquainted. with the condition of the poor, whether
in the towns or rural parishes of these counties. The
Committee cannot doubt, from the zealous and able
manner in which the investigations are there carded on,
that a very large and valuable mass of information will
be obtained.
They beg to add the expression of their earnest hope
that the other counties of Scotland may follow the ex•
ample of energy shown by the counties just mentioned.
The method of inquiry pointed, out in their schedules
is extremely easy, and attended with little expense ; and
it is most desirable, whatever may be the result of in-
quiry, or whatever opinions may be entertained as to its
necessity, that a full and searching inquiry should every
where be instituted.

The Committee consider that they have stated enough
to show; that the Scotch counties generally are not in-
sensible to tho importance of the subject, and are ready
to inquire into the condition of :the poor, and the mode
in which the Poor-laws operate for their rolief. They
farther have to state it as their opinion, that, when those
counties, which have not yet begun their inquiries,lea-n,
through this Report, or otherways, the energetic way in
which others arc acting in this respect, they may be in-
duced to follow the example ; for it is believed that the

Sir,—Your Excellency's letter of the 25th inst. to
the address of Messrs. Bell and Co. having been placed
before tL,, the undersigned British merchants, we take
the liberty of addressing your Excellency on the subject.
" By the law of blockade, as laid down by the book
of Chitty, we find it declared, that,
" "fhe receipt of the not!itication will not prevent a
neutral, who at the time of receiving it is lying in the
very port blockaded, from retiring freely ; and it has
even been laid down in the case of the Betsey, that he
may ret:re with a cargo which he may already have
laden, and which has thereby become actually neutral
property ; the distinction being that he is uot at liberty
to make any fresh purchase after the notification.
From the case of the Rolla it appears that the Court
will bold every cargo to be fresh purchase which was
not delivered previously to the notification :either on
board the neutral ship itself; or in lighters.' And again,
" A blockade is broke', as completely by coining out
as by going in. ' re may be instances, indeed, of
innocent egress,' said Sr.r William Scott, in the case of
the Frederick Molke instances where the vessels
have gone in before the blockade ; and, under such cir-
cumstances, it could not be maintained that they might
not be at liberty to re tiro. But the utmost that can be
allowed to a neutral vessel is, that, having already taken
on board a cargo before the blockade begins, she may
bo at libert'i to retire with it. But it nazi •ha eonti.
dered hi 'a rule, which this Court means to apply, that
neutral ships departing can only take away a cargo
bona'ide purchased and delivered before the
ma'.,t of the blockade.'
"'This doctrine we find fully confirmed, and acted
't.r.pon by the British Government in the recent blockade
of the Rio Plata. The following report from an Eng-
lish piper is extracted from the Canton Press of the
27th of June last :
" ' Lord Palmerston, at the instance of merchants
tre.ding to the Rio Plata, took the opinion of the Crown
law officers as to the law in cases of vessels coming out
of a blockaded port with cargo. Their answer is—
" the general law of nations, vessels are not
ralowed to come out of a blockaded port with cargo,
utioless such cargo was on board before the cominenec-
r Dent of the blockade.'
" In the letter to Messrs. Bell and Co., we find it
s ,toted that the late Commander-in• Chief bad formed
£ll opinion, iu which you concur, upon the special cir-
cumstances of the case, that the egress of the two
American ships now in the river would not subject
them to seizure, and the reasons given arc :
" Tuat they ha.d been for some ne:iks or days in
Macao roads before the arrlvA of the expeditiou on
_ , the coast of China, and that their application for leave
ExPr.oawN OF GAS AT THE HOUSE OP TIIR I of
tr. enter had been ha fled by entirely unusual_ troimneil_i
the Chinese Government, arising out ofrho ds
Ray. plots M'NEnnr.—Seme operations have reerntly virbed state of affeirst:
been eatricdon at the house (;f the Rev. Hugh Nl‘N,:ile,
ship Panama
" We beg leave, Nvith reference to these reasons to
in Roscommon-::treLt, with the view o! draining &IT the I? clut out to your Excellency that the _ t L
the(!ecil!.l.• _
,tbgnant water tshish has lodged Loneuth it. For some a rrired in Macao roads on the 19th of June,
block_ are .
days previous. to Saturday last, a ve..y offensive odour of
c .n:t's previous to your Ei:cellency's notice of tie
gas was perceivol by the inmates of the Gentleman's
mansion, On Saturday morning an individual, who sine:_ , - •
, entry in so short a period by very unusual
; and that this ship could only have succeeded in
,sing
intended the new sewer or drain, was, with his son, ' ,a
a ld b Chinese, arising from the fact
examining the direction of the old sewer. They had a lac'h ties c •
05em....0, fern er the Baglish
candle with teem, and had just opened a passage from ono of tl lc blockade being
' The other ship, K
of the vault.; into the sewer, when the pent up gas which.
had accumulated in the place exploded. Both individuals anal afterwards sailing under the American
'acre slightly injured. The explosion blew up mveral flat; a 3 the Alabama, had rep:atel:: been refused entry
large flags in a small front yard where a pump had recently into the port, on the ground (nt,toriously a true one),
stood over a well of stagr." eater, and broke three
r,r that he a. cargo had been taken, on hcgard at the outer
in direct violation of the existing
four panes of glass in the scullery window.--Livor,o/
rt of Canton, which requiredto bring
Courier.
ships
anchora,ges,
9f the I.4),regulations

. -
circumstance which has operated most strongly in
delaying inquiry, is uncertainty as to the best way of
investigating the subject. Several counties have applied
to the Committee for suggestions, and copies of the ne-
cessary schedules. In such eases as these, the Committee
have no doubt that, if they were authorised to send such
schedules, which could be easily framed from those cir-
culated in the counties of Fife, Berwick, and Hadding-
ton, there would be inquiries of the same satisfactory
character as in these counties carried on in almost every
part of Scotian!.

The Committee will.next alvert briefly to what they
have learnt of the opinions and inquiries of other public
bodies.

They understand that in the following Presbyteries,
besides many others, the names of which are unknown to
the Committee, the object of the Edinburgh Associa-
tion for a Government inquiry, with a view to an assi-
milation of the Scotch to the English Poor-laws, has
been deliberately considered, and opinions expressed by
all disapproving of it :—Aberdeen, Alford, Ayr, Bin.ir,
Chirnside, Cupar, Dumbarton, Dunfermline, Dumfries,
Douse, Edinburgh, Fordoun, Irvine, Kirkwall, Kintyre,
Lauder, Isdeigle, North Isles, Peebles, Penpont, Weem,
Wigton.

It was scarcely to be expected that the Clergy and
Kirk-sessions, ;who had only two years ago completed
laborious inquiries into the state of the poor and poors'
funds in their respective parishes, to enable the General
Assembly to make a Report to Government on this
very subject, should be willing so soon to renew their
investigations, especially on the mere suggestion of a
private Committee. it mast also be remembered, that
Presbyteries have not, like county Magittrates, the
means of printing schedules and paying the expense of
laborious inquiric7. But, nevertheless, almost all the
Presbyteries above mentioned, while they declare thero-

selves opposed to any changes in the essential principles
of the Scotch system, which they consider admirably
adapted to relieve destitution, without drying up the

rprings of industry ; at tho came time express their
readiness to inquire into the condition of the poor, both

. •
moral and statistical, and have, with that view, appointed
Committees of Inquiry. One Presbytery has already
sent to this Committee a copy of their Report ; and,
in other Presbyteries, a similar inquiry would appear t 3
be now going on, as the Committee have received re-
turns from the clergymen of parishes in different parts
of Scotland. Most •of the Committees so appointed
have applied to the Edinburgh Committee for the neces-
ary schedules, which, however, they had not the means.
of supplying.—Edinburgh Advertiser.