The Sun.
London, England, 1841-03-25 00:00:00

- -
I,ON DON THURSDAY, MARCH 3

NATIONAL PROVIDENT INSTITU-
TION,
"For MUTUAL ASSURANCE of LIVES,
ENDOWMENTS, and ANNUITIES.
13, Nicholas-lane, King William-street, London.
DIRECTORS.
C. P. Bousfield, Esq. Thomas Hodgkin, M.D.
John Bradbury, Esq. R. Ingham, Dlsq., M.P.
\ViLbm Cash, Esq. Joseph Janson, Esq.
Thomas Castle, Esq. S. Hayhurst Lucas, Esq.
James Crofts, Esq. C. Lu;biotrton, Esq., M.P.
John Fel tham , Esq. John St. ~arbe, Esq.
Joseph Hargrave, Esq. Richard Shortridge, Esq.
Samuel Smith, Esq.

MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
J. T. Conquest, M.D. F. L. S. I Thoma2l3evan, Esq., F.L.
S.
Members whose Premiums become due on the Ist of April
next are heichy informed that the same must be paid within
thirty days from that time.
The Annual Report for the year ending 20th November,
1840, may be had on application at the Office.
JOSEPH MARSH, Secretary.

POLITICAL SUMMARY OF THE
MORNING JOURNALS.

The Times, of this morning, referring to Mr. Darby's no-
tice of an amendment to the New Poor-law Bill, observes :
" The country, 14.;e trust, will fix its attention stedfastly upon
this amendment. Mr. Darby proposes to abolish the work-
house test, and to substitute a labour-test for all able-bodied
applicants for relief. If this motion is carried, the destitute
who desire to enter the wdrkhouse (if any such there be) will
still have that alternative ; the sick, the infirm, the aged, the
widow, and the orphan, will receive at their homes the charity
to which they are entitled ; the able-bodied labourer who can-
not obtain employment, will have employment found for him
and receive the wages of his labour without any sense of de-
gradation ; he will not be stripped of his furniture and
goods, and forced into irretrievable pauperism, upon
the first stoppage of work; he will not be called upon to relin-
quish the enjoyments of his home, or the society of his wife and
children, as the condition of the aid granted him in his dis-
tress. And while justice is done to all these innocent and me-
ritorious classes of poor, the labour-test will be found to pro-
tect the rate-payers against the frauds of the idle and the dis-
solute quite as effectually as the present system."
The ..Adorning Advertiser thus recurs to the questiOn of the
Corn-laws:—" What are the Corn-laws but an attempt to
draw from the vitals of the operatives an equivalent to sustain
the undue ascendancy of the landowners? The poor may
starve that rents may be collected. The system cannot en-
dure. The golden egg is not to be secured by destroying the
parent of its production, though such unfortunately appears to
be the course determined upon by the Legislature."
The Morning Post, alluding •to some recent Poor-law d's-
cussions in the Commons, thus expresses its opinion of the
Whigs and their system :—" Whiggery was always clever in
small matters. It had prying eyes. It was great upon the
greasing of wheels, and could calculate to a nicety the cost of
linchpins for the carriage of the State. Since it has got into
the administration of affairs, the exercise of small ability has
become the order of the day. There is less downright stu-
pidity than there used to be—less thick-headed obstinacy; but
there is no ability that one can respect. We have small dex-
terity instead of extended political views. We have adroit-
ness instead of power, smartness instead i f talent, maxims in-
stead of principles. Instead of a wise and dignified economy,
we have profusion upon gaudy nothings, and a harsh, mean
penuriousness where manly generosity ought fairly and reason-
ably to be exercised."
The Morning Chronicle, speaking of one of Lord J. Rus-
sell's proposed amendments to the New Poor-law Bill, remarks
as follows :—" One very important amendment has reference
to emigration. Ihe power now possessed by rate-payers of
raising money for the purpose of relieving parishes by ensign-
lion is to be given to guardians. The Dissenters have long,
complained bitterly of the persecution to which they are' sub-
jected in not being allowed to attend their own places of
worship. His Lordship is disposed to adopt the clauses pro-
posed by Mr. Langdale, to allow the religious instruction of
pauper children, and the attendance of the inmates of work-
houses at churches and chapels, in accordance with their
own particular tenets, alter altering them in such a manner,
however, as fairly to carry them into effect. As a great outcry
has been raised against the intolerance of the existing system,
this alteration will afford much satisfaction."
The Morning Herald observes, in an article suggested by
Mr. Ewart's notice of motion for the appointment of a Minis-
ter of Public Education :—" ' A Minister of Public Educa-
tion !' as well might we create a Minister of Public Religion.
Mr. Evart is, we believe, of Prussian extraction ; or, at least,
of family connection with the Prussian dominions, where there
are masters of the ceremonies . for teaching men, women, and
children to say their prayers, and to go through all the pos-
tures, evolutions, amusements, pursuits, and duties of ordi-
nary and extraordinary life. Like the monkey who has gone
abroad to see the world,' he is determined the House of Com-
mons shall have the extent and value of his travels and obser-
vations. He is prepared, therefore, doubtless with a most
erudite speech, in which all the mysteries of national education
—from Adam to the present day—taught on thoroughly scien.
tific principles, shall be regularly and chronologically evolved.
The whole Committee of the Central Education Society. have
been promised seats in the gallery, and it is whispered that
Mrs. Sarah Austin is also to be introduced in masculine attire.
What a pity that such worthy characters should not perceive
they are only making spert for the wags of the House, and ex -•
posing thenvelvos to the derision of the whole country."

FOREIGN POSTAGE.

(From Tuesday night's Gazette.)
TREASURY WARRANT.
Whereas by an Act passed in the last Sassion of
Parliament, intituled " An Act for the regulation
of the duties of postage," power is given to the
Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury, frrm
tine to time, by warrant under their hands, to alter
and fix any or the rat :s of British postage or '►.land post-
age payable by law on the transmission by the post of
foreign or calanial le ters or newspaper!, car of any other
printed papers, and to subject the same to rates of
post age according to the weight thereof, and a scale of
weight to be contained in such warrant ; and, from
time to time by warrant as aforesaid, to altar or repeal
any such altered rates, and make and establish any new
or other rates in lieu thereof ; and, from time to time
by warrant as aforesaid, to appoint at what time the
rates that may be payable are to be paid ; and it is
provided that the power thereby given should extend
to any increase or re•luction or remission of postage.
And whereas by a warrant, dated the Ist day of
September last, under the hands of three of the Com-
missioners of her Majesty's Treasury, the said Com-
missioners, in exercise of the power for such purpose
vested in them by the said Act, directed (amongst other
things) that on every letter, not exceeding half an
ounce in weght, transmitted by the post, passing be-
tween Germany (not via France), Denmark, Sweden,
or other parts of the north of Europe, or any coun-
try through Belgium, or Holland, or German•, and
any of the countries or places mentioned in the
third schedule thereto, through tho United King-
dom, there should be charged and taken the rate
of British postage set opposite the name of every
such country or place in such schedule ; and further,
that on every letter, not exceeding half an ounce
in weight, passing through the united Kingdom
between foreign countries, or between any foreign coun-
try and her Majesty's colonies, which should be for-
warded to the United Kingdom by packet-boat, and
from the United Kingdom by private ship, or for-
warded to the United Kingdom by private ship, and from
the United Kingdom by packet-boat, there should be
charged and taken for the conveyance of every
such letter by private ship an uniform rate of
eiglitpence ; and for the conveyance thereof
by packet-boat the rate payable on such etter
under the said Act ; and further, that on every
letter, transmitted as mentioned in such warrant, ex-
ceeding half an ounce in weight, there should be
charged and taken progressive and additional rates
of postage, according to the scale of weight and
number of rates in the said Act contained as to
letters, in estimating and charging each additional rate
at the sum which any such letter would be charged
with under the same warrant, if not exceeding half
an ounce in weight ; and power was thereby reserved to
the Commissioners, for the time being, of her Majesty's
Treasury, or any three of them, by warrant under their
hands, at any time thereafter, to alter or repeal any of
the rates thereby altered, or the regulations thereby
made, and to make and establish any new or other rates
or regulations in lieu thereof : and from time to tame to
appoint at what time the rates that might be pa) able
were to be paid.
And whereas, in consequence of communications
opened with the Post-offices at Hamburgh and Lubeck,
it is considered expedient to alter the rate of postage
payable under the said Act on letters passing direct
between the United Kingdom and Hamburgh, and on
letters passing either direct or via Hamburgh, between
the United Kingdom and Lubeck ; and al►o the rates
payable under the said warrant on letters posted in or
addressed to Hamburgh or Lubeck conveyed direct, or,
as to Lubeck, letters conveyed via Hamburgh by
packet-boat or private ship, and passing through the
United Kingdom to or from the British colonies or

foreign countries.
Now we, the undersigned, being three of the Com-
missioners of her Majesty's Treasury, do, in exercise of
the power or authority in us for such purpose vested in
and by the said recited Act and warrant, direct that on
every letter, not exceeding half an ounce in weight,
posted in or addressed to Hamburgh, transmitted by the
post between any part of the United Kingdom and
Hamburgh direct by packet boat or private ship, there
shall be charged and taken, in lieu of the rates of postage
payable on such letters under the said Act, an uniform
rate of British postage of sixpence.
And that on every letter, not exceeding half an
ounce in weight, posted in or addressed to Hamburgh,
transmitted by the pest, and passing b. tween Hamburgh
and any of the countries or places mentioned in the
schedule l.ereto, through the United Kingdom (con-
veyed baween flamburgh and the United Kingdom
direct by packet-boat or private ship), there shall be
charged and taken, in lieu of the rates of postage pay-
able on such letters under the said recited warrant, the
rate of British postage sct opposite the came of every
such country or place in such schedule.
And that on every letter, not exceeding half an ounce
in weight, posted in or addressed to Hamburgh, and
passing between Hamburgh and any other country or
place beyond the seas, through the United Kingdom,
conveyed between Hamburgh and the United Kingdom
direct by packet-boat or private ship, and conveyed
from or to the United Kingdom to or from any such
country or place beyond the seas by private ship,there shall
be charged and taken an uniform rate of British postage
of Is. 2d.

And we foither direct that on every letter, not ex-
ceeding half an ounce in weight posted in or addressed
to Lubeck, transmitted by the post between any part cf
the United Kingdom and Lubeck (either direct or via
Hamburgh), by packet boat or private ship, there shall
be charged and taken, in lieu of the rates of postage
paya'de on such letters under the said Act, an uniform
rate cf British postage of 6d.
And that on every letter, not exceeding half an ounce

in weight, posted in or addressed to Lubeck, transmitted
by the post, and passing (either direct or via Ham-
burgh) between Lubeck and any of the countries or
places mentioned in the schedule hereto, through the
United Kingdom (conveyed between Lubeck or Han -
burgh and the United Kingdom direct by packet-boat
or private ship), there shall be ch rg,..z.d and taken, in
lieu of the rates of postage payable on such letters under
the said recited warrant, the rate of British postage set
opposite the name of ivory such country or place in
such schedu'e. _

And that on every letter, not exceeding half an ounce
in weight, posted in or addressed to Lubeck, and pass
ing between Lubeck and any other country or place
beyond the seas, through the United Kingdom, con-
♦eyed between Lubeck and the United Kingdom (either
direct or via Hamburgh) by packet-beat or private
ship, and conveyed from or to the United Kingdom, to
or from any such other country or place beyond the
seas by private ship, there shall be charged and taken
an uniform rate of British postage of one slang and
twopence.
And we further direct that on every letter trans-
mitted as is mentioned in this warrant, exceeding half
an ounce in weight, there shall be charged and taken
progressive and additional rates of postage, according
to the scale of weight and number of rates in the said
Act contained as to letters estimating and charging
etch additional rate at the sum which any such letter
would be charged with under this warrant, if not ex-
ceeding half an ounce in weight.
And we further direct that the terms and expressions
used in this present warrant shall be construed to have
the like meaning, in all respects, as they would have had
if inserted in the said Act.
And we further direct that this warrant shall come
into operation on the 6111 day of April, 1841.
Provided lastly, and we hereby declare and direct

that it shall be lawful for the Commissioners, for the
time being, of her Majesty's Treasury, or any three of
them, by warrant under their hands, at any time here-
aft:r, to alter or repeal any of the rates hereby altered,
or the regulations hereby made, and to make and esta-
blish any new or other rates or regulations in lieu
thereof, and, from time to time, to appoint at what time
the rates that may be payable are to be paid,
SCHEDULE.

Spain (via Falmouth) 2 8
Upper and Lower Cana,la, New Brnnmiciek, Prince
EdwarJ Island, and Nova Scotia (the port and
town of Halifax excel ted)
Newfoundland, Bermuda, the pert and town of Ha-
lifax (in Nova Scotia), and the United States of
America ............
Gibraltar, Malta, lonian Island?, and East Indies
(via Falmouth) .............. ..F.
1....
Greece, Syria, and Egypt (Ira amouth)
Portugal
Madeira
Brazil
Buenos Ayres, Chili, and P. ru
Mexico, Columbia, and Cuba
St. Domingo end Foreign West India Islands__
Jamaica and Bri ish West Indros
France
Spain (via France) ...... •• •...........
Malta, lonian Islands, Gr,ece, Syria, and Egypt
(via France) ........................... .
Italy, Sicily, Venetian Lombardy, Turkey, the Le-
vant, and the Archipelago (It:a France)
Switzerland (via France) •••
East Indios (via France)
Whitehall Treasury Chambers, dated this 19 b day of
March, 1841. EHORSMAN.
H. TUFNELL.
J. PARKER.

1 8

2 9

2 2

2 7

1 4

His Excellency Baron Bulow is suffering from
severe indisposition. A surgical operation was performed
on Monday night by Mr. Belinaye, In the presence of Sir
Benjamin Brodie, from which his Excellency has derived
some relief to his sufferingl. •

OXFORD CIRCUIT SHREwsnußr, MARCH 23
Arrs:mrrnn MURDER OF MR. MACKRETIT.
Crown( COURT.—llefore Mr. Karon GunNEy.
Josiah Mister was indicted for (ratting and wonnding
with: m Miller Mackreth, at Ludlow, on the 23th day of
August last, with intent to murder him. There were fuer
ether counts in the indictment, charging the intent to be to
maim, disfigure, or disable, or do some grievous bodily harm
to the said William Miller Mackreth.
(Continued from The San of yesterday.)
Mr. Ludlow, ou examination, related several circum-
stances which occurred on Ids reeetieg with the prhsoner at
the tloicor.i Inn, Shrewsbury, on tile day of the fa'*, eoe'
also at the Angrl, at Ludlow, at which iaa he had slept
in N'. 17, for two years (the room in which Mr. Mack-
rear slept oat the night when he was wf:eked).
Mr. Win. Mackreth was eex• examined, and gave his
evidence as follows :—I was travelltr in August last to
the house of Christopher George and Co. of Bristol. On
the 19th of August I got into the Angel Inn, at Ludlow,
about five in the afternoon, and had t. a. I travelled to
Ludlow in a gig, and had a driving-box with me. I went
into the commercial room and had tea. Some persons
came in after the arrival of the coach and had tea. I
want into a private room up stairs to transact some busi-
ness with Mr. Bradford. I went there about ten and re-
mained for about three-quarters of an hour, or perhaps an
hour. I afterwards took a walk to the top of the street
and down again, and then t eturned to the commercial room,
which was empty. I rang the bell and ordered the boots
to bring clippers and tire chambermaid a candle. I took
the driving-box up stairs with me. I occupied the room
N. 17, at the top of the stairs. I swear most positively
that I locked the door, for I examined the loch. I went
to bed bu.. did not look uncle,- the bed. I was asleep in
about two minuter. When I awoke I found my hand in a
wound in my neck. I cried out " Good God what is all
this?" when I felt the raw flesh. I attempted to rise, but
a hand from the left pressed me down on the pillow. I
shrieked out, and believe that when I did so the wound
across my face was inflicted. In trying to &et out of bed
on ihe right side I was pulled back by the left shoulder.
The cut across the mouth also cut my thumb. My weigh*,
which was on the edge of the bed, carried me down to the
floor with the bed clothes. I went to the bed-room win-
dow and made an alarm. I broke a pane of glass and
called out " Fire ! murder 1" 1 broke a second pane of
glass and heard people run down stairs from above. The
blind was down within four inches of the bottom of the
window, and I had no light to see en;,ti:ing. I groped
round the room•and at last reached the door. I did not
hear any noise in the room then, but when ge.thig out
of bed I heard a rustle at the left, which is the side
next the door. The door was ripened about four inches,
and when I reached it I saw a little light, and thought
1 hea-d I,e3p:e down stairs. The stairs are to the
Idle I went down them, and never turned to the
right. I am positive of this. I went down stairs.
holding by the bannisters, as far as the kitchen door,
I sew the post•boy and Mr. Cooke. Tic latre.. said " Go
up stairs : what have you done ?': I went up its, and
paused a short thne at my door. After I had gat in I
heard some persons say " Who is he ?" and, not being
able to speak, I went to my driving box and took out my
cards, and showed them. I never lost my senses all the
tine, but understood all that was said. After my wounds
were dressed 1 noticed a person, who I learn was the pri-
soner, at the hel curtain, laughing anal exhibiting great
levity of conduct. He said " I have lost my steckjng—
hale any of you seen my stockings ?" He was laughing at
the time. I was some time under medical cite.
Cross-examined.—When awakened I felt the blood hot
upon me. I did not know what I struck against when I
felt the wound—whether it was part of a dress or
no'. I heard a noise from the room over head. The
stairs adjoin No. 17. I cannot say if the partition is
wood. I stood for some time by the door. Mr. Cooke,
the landlord, was probably the first person who entered
the room after the assault. I was in no c rndition to re-
cognise any one particularly. Before Mr. Peach or Mr.
Cross came in, I am not sure if Mr. Crawford, bad ren-
dered me assistance and left the room. I became faint
and exhausted, and held oat my hands for help, and Mr.
Peach assisted me.
Mrs. Cooke, wife to Mr. Cocke, of the Angel Inc,
Ludlow, examined—Mr. C. is in an infirm state : his
mind is disordered : he is not capat:e t., attend to give
evidence. _ _ _

C Joke's deposition was then read as follows :
Edward Cooke sworn—l am landlord of the Angel Inn
in this town. I was in bed, and awoke yesterday morn-
ing ; I sleep fronting the street ; some time about four
o'clock, as near as I can say, I was alarmed by the break-
ing of panes cf glass, and a cry of fire in a faint or broken
voice ; my wife went to one window looking doan the
yard, and I threw up the window looking into the street
and I cried " fire ;" I thou instanily tan down st mirs in my
shirt as I was. I fantisd the billiard room across the way
was on fire, and I ran there to see ; how I got theme I can
scare:Ay tell; I found there was nothing on fire, and I re-
turned into the house, where I met Sam, ore of the post-
boys ; be informed me there was a person isleceiimg on
the stairs ; I went through the kinrimen up t m the
stairs towards the spot ; I discovered a g.e at quan-
tity of blood on the landing of th r stairs near
the di Ling-room door, and aboat the fourth step
of the s.tsi s leading towards the bed rooms ; there I
found a gentleman in his shirt, a hick was much tut n and
covered wit') blood ; he was bleeding profusely from
wounds in his neck ; the stairs wore covered with blood ;
he attempted to speak, but could not as I could undo r-
stand ; I said to him, " Wily, good God, you have cut
your throe.' !" Ii was supporti g himself by holding to fie
st ; I said to him go into your bedroom, and I will
follow you ; he heard wh..t I said, and Le walked up the
remainder of the stairs, tottering as he went, and much
exhausted, and went on into his be !roam, and I fol-
lowed him ; he got on the Led on his side ; as soon us
he got into his room the first person that came to
us was a Mr. Lakin, a f. land of mine who was I.sepirig•
in the house ; Ira remained but a short time ; and then
came a gentleman of the name of Crawford, a surgeon,
from Shrewsbury, who wan also sleeping in the house ;
some one brought me a candle in the course et' two
minutes, and I was going with it to No. 19 bedroom,
a here Mr. Crawford slept, when I meet the prisoner in
the postage leading to No. 19 ; I don't say that I ex-
actly met him ; he stood on one side with his back up
against time left hand wall; he was in his shirt ; he said
something to me, and called me by my name, but I did
not stop ; I went on with the candle for Mr. Craw-
ford to dress himself; I returned to ti e room of the
• wounded gentleman, and Mr. Crawford shortly followed;
he was the first surgeon who came ; we went back t
gether for some things which Mr. Crawford had in his
room, and then me tasted to tire wounded gentleman's
room ; I saw the prisoner again standing in the passage,
as I pasael with Mr. Crawford to and from his bed-room ;
in a few minute.; Mr. Hodges, anothr r surge at, arrived,
and whila the surgeons were dressing the wounds, I re-
member seeing the prisoner come into the bed-room where
we were ; I noticed him in particular ; I observed his
shirt was flack and ditty ; he went out o the room again,
and the next time I saw him was about 7 o'clock ; he was
then in the passage coming from the direction of No. 20
be I-room; he was dressed; but had no boots or stockings
on ; he said he could net dress himself, for he had lost his
stockings; he thought they had born dragged into one of
the other rooms; my wife provided imi.n with a pair of my
old stocking:, which he put on ; I did not see him in tha
room of the wounded gentleman after he had put the stack-
ings and boots on.
Samuel Paget, post-boy at the Angel ; Wm. Roberts,
boots; Edward E ton, ostler; Geerges Brown, servant to
Mr. Bayley, banker ; John Cm oss, tinman ; and Thomas
Peach, shoemaker ; who were all present shortly after the
alarm, related a number cf circumstances in accordance
with Mr. Cooke's deposition.
Mr. Crawford, surgeon, of Shrewsbury, was examined
next, but his evidence oar. unimportant.
Mr. Henry Hodges, surgeon, of Ludlow, gave the fol-
lowing evidence :—I was called up on the morning of the
20th of Augus,, to the Angel Inn ; found a gentleman se-
verely wounded ; he had received two severe cuts, one
nearly horizontal across the free, extending across the
e' ceks, which were cut through to the teeth ; the lea
cheek was cut about three inches and the tight about two
inches; there was a wound in the throat, nearly horizontal,
about sever. inches long, it was very deep, particularly
in the middle of the neck ; I found, on giving the
wounded man water, part of it came through the wound ;
had it teen a little lower down in the neck it would
hsva killed him ; it was just at the 'paint of tha wind-
pipe, which was not cut through ; it must have been
done with a sharp and strong instument ; the woun Is
were inflicted from the right to the la t, and must have
been done by a person on the left side of the bed. I
thought Mr. Mackreth in great danger at first, but he is
now yerfeetly well. I sewed the wounds up ; the blood
had spouted out from some small arteries, which I believed
had been cut. Theme had been a considerable effusion of
blood ore the stairs. After I had dressed the wounds I
saw marks of blood along the passage, not time marks of
any one having stepped in the blood, but drops of blood.
There was one doop of blood at ti c end of the c trpat
leading to No. 20, about arm inch from the door ; they
seemed to be a continuation of the spots. I went into Na.
20. The curtain envelopes the window. I saw marks
of fresh blood, not by dropping; it looked as, if it had
been done by drawing the curtain back. I gave my hand
a swing, and it went about two or three inches above the
mark. lam 5 feet 10 ir., the prisoner is 5 feet in.
I believe Mr. Mackreth could not have gone along tire pas-
sage to the might without the blood having spirted against
the wall, which was the case in going down stairs to the
left. The mark was about two feet front time window.
The v.iodow opened easily. Saw a place in Mr. Wham
more's yard where the razor was found. It was exactly
opposite the prisoner's bed-room. I saw time water-jug
empty, and the slops in the chamber utensil. Timis was
about seven o'clock, after the prisoner had left the room.
I examined the fluid in the utensil, and tasted it ; it was
mixed with alum. I have ma 'e several experiment!, and
find that alum will take the stains of blood out of cloth.
ilstacen nice and ten o'clock I examined time prisoner's
shirt; it was very dirty ; there wart marks of blood on
the lack and two on the sleeve; on the right sleeve raw
marks of blood which appcareu to have Iy-en part'ally
washed or sucked. I saw the prisoner searched, and a
piece of alum found. He had only about twope: cc in
his pockets. I saw under the prosecutor's bed marks cf
a person having laid down beneath it. I saw the in iioner
several times. He did not assist in any way. There was
something in his manner that caused my suspicion, and I
had him taken into custody.
Cross-examined—l found marks of blood on No. 19
door, about three or four spots. .Saw a trsee of blood in
the passage windosi. Did not find any blood on the carpet