The Sun.
London, England, 1823-05-12 00:00:00

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ration of War against France. The Declaration
bears the date of the preceding day. It is
signed by the KING, and states, that as the
Frenchl, by invading the Spanish territory
without a Declaratiop of War, or any of
the usual formalities, have both violated the
law of nations and actually commenced hos-
tilities, his MAJESTY has resolved, by the
advice of the Council of State, and con-
formably to Article 235 of the Constitution, to
declare War against France, and' to enjoin" the

competent Authorities to combat that nation by
sea and land. The communication was received
by the Cortes` with the characteristic coolness
and gravity of its deliberitions. In the sitting,
of the 25th, the opinion of. the Council of State
was read, and was referred to the Diplomatic
Committee. These proceedings indicate any
thing but a disposition On the part of the
Spanish Constitutionalists to yield to the
dictation 'of France. They even seem to fal-
sify. All the rumours respecting .a renewal of
the negociations. It is, however, certain, that
attempts are making to excite a spirit of concilia-
tion, though not by direct negociation between
the Belligerents. Every rational person must
nish success to those efforts. The restoration of
peace, if it can be effected without the sacrifice
of any portion of its real freedom by the Spanish
nation, and without rendering the Spanish Go-
vernment in any degree dependent on that
of France, is' of too much importance to
the repose and to the best 'interests of the
civilized world, to be neglected for merely mi-
nor
considerations. England, in particular, is
deeply interested in the success of- every mea-
sure for the re-establishment of peace, the con-
tinuance of the present conflict involving no-
thing less than her own repose, and inevitably
tending to draw her, as a principal, into that
war which' she used so many efforts to avert.
Those who are so ready to censure the pacific
mulKures attributed to Ministers, must estimate
vt4ry lightly the dangers and difficulties insepu-
ble from our embarking in a contest with the
greater part of the Continent of Europe.

If the accounts which have reached us
from Lisbon through the French Papers are
to be relied on, it would appear that the
Portuguese Constitutional Army has be, n
unable to overtake AMARANTE,—that the fly-
ing insurgents must. have reached the French
lines,—and that even the Spanish General Mo-
ntr.,Lo had not'possessed sufficient force to pre-
vent their junction with the invaders of his
country.- It will be rather an unfavourable omen
fox the, cause of Spain, if the routed Portuguese
itisurgenth haVe really traversed so large a por-
Can of her territory without obstruction. The
Journal des. Debals, however, asserts that both
REGo and AMARANTE have re-entered Portugal.

We have this morning received papers by the
German Mail.—The following are extracts :
VitaxxronT, MAY 3.—lt is affirmed that the Marquis of
Caranian, Ambassador from France at Vienna, has corn-
municated to the Austrian Cabinet the plan of operations
adopted by his government against spain, which has likewise
been communicated to the Emperor of Russia. According to
the reports spread on the subject, this plan is to make
the French army advance to Madrid to establish a Govern-
ment under the name of King Ferdinand, and to convoke the
Cones according to their ancient constitution, which' would
receive such modifications as are called for by the spirit of, the.
age. Besides this, the Duke of Angouleme as soon as be
shall have fixed' his bead-quarters at Madrid,' will organize,
in the name of Ferdinand VII., a new Royal army, which
will be first employed to reduce Andalusia and Galicia, as
well
.as the otherprovinces in which the revolutionary spirit has
mode the most progress. The time that the French army will
remain in Spain to guarantee the stability of all their changes,
will be determined according circumstances shall be more or
less favourable to the new order of things which it is intended
to establish in the Peninsula.
•APRIL 26.--The strongest division of the 17,000
men that come from Naples is regularly proceeding on its march
to. the interior of the Austrian dominions, under the command
of Lieutenant-General Fernier.
PETERSBURG, APRIL 18.—We expect to learn in a short
time the result of our negociations with the Porte. The preser-
vition of peace with that power is no longer a matter of doubt.
de Tatischeff is publicly spoken of as the future Ambassa-
nOr to Constantinople.
For some years there has been found on an immense tract
of count
from Asia, sand mixed with
ry, near the Uralsp mountains, which divide Europe
gold, which has been extracted
with great success.

[PROM A CORRESPONDENT.]
STOCK EXCHANGE, Twelve o'clock.--Consols
cpt.ned this morning at 781 f, but lowered to
7bl at which price they are steady, with little
or no business doing. An Express from Paris
has brought the French Relates at 87f. 75c., and
Spanish 404, on Saturday. Private letters say
that'the French Ministry are greatly piqued at
the speeches of our Ministers on Spanish Affairs.
OREI MARKET.--,Spanish F GN A R panish Bonds opened
this morning at 35k e I 4 I, with little doing.

letter from Bayonne says—" An unfortu-
nate event, which chews that the war begins to assume a serious
and dangerous character, is the assassination of five French
soldiers, which took place at Ernani, three days ago, in a house
where they passed the night. This violation of the laws of
Y'sr and of hospitality will, no doubt, be severely punished ;
but the example that will be given will serve but to inflame the
vindictive character of ;he Spaniards."
A letter, received at Bayonne, from Laredo,
Cites, that when that port was taken, the Army of the Faith
Plundered it without mercy ; and that the garrison of the fort,
which, by the capitulation had liberty to join the constitutional
a:riny, was sent to Bilboa as prisoners of war.
Yesterday the KING received a long visit from
the Duchess of GLOUCESTER.

Yesterday morning, Mr. LATcstronn, the
King's Messenger, arrived at Downing-street,
With dispatches from Spain.