The Sun.
London, England, 1847-10-21 00:00:00

truing 2i,ut

LONDON, THURSDA7. OCTOBER 21, 1847.

We frequently read in old legends of prophecies
fulfilled, predictions verified, through the operation
of the very means that had been adopted to defeat
their realisation. In the common daily transactions
of life we repeatedly find the most elaborate calcu-
lations defeated, and undertakings that have been
commenced, in order to attain some particular object
leading to a directly opposite result, and occasioning
the very evils against which they were especially
directed. A close examination will show that a
similar fate has attended the laws which, since the
termination of the late war, have been enacted for
the regulation of the national currency. One of the
chief arguments urged in behalf of the Act of 1819,
was, that by means thereof a fixed and uniform value
would be given to money, and that so soon as the
principle was fully established and brought into per-
fect operation, there would no longer be any danger
of those violent fluctuations, those repeated alterna-
tions which are so deeply injurious to the productive
classes,l and are so much to be deprecated by
aI lany manner interested in trade or corn-
merce. This was considered so extremely desirable,
that, although the then directors of the Bank
of England felt it
,n,
lecessary to offer a. protest
against the measure
lay any possibility their
silence might be con'struae:dta intof a tacit acquiescence
in a system which tookeonsideyratr.om the Bank anything
like a discretionary
the necessities
and distresses of the commercialnwoofrld " and which,
as they stated, " 'night possibly
allcom,:)hromise the
universal interests of the empire inrelations
of agriculture, commerce, and revenue,"e thLe Act.
received the almost unanimous sanction o the
lature, its consistent and zealous opponent Legis-
lature,
MATHIAS Arrwoon, having been induced to, lea:a.
the House when the question was put. But the
directors of the Bank were not the only parties who
expressed their fears as to its probable conse•
quences ; the protest of the Bank directors was laid
before the then:Chancellor of the Exchequer for the
consideration of the Ministry, but that of nearly 500
of the most respectable merchants of the city of Lon-
don, was presented to Parliament, in the constitutional
form of a petition, in which they expressed their opi-
nion " that it would tend to a forced, precipitate, and
highl,p injurious contraction of the circulating medium
of the country, and that the consequences of such
contraction would be to add to the burden of the
public debt, greatly to increase the pressure of the
taxes, to lower the value of all landed and commer-
-414 property, seriously to affect both public and pri-

vate credit, to embarrass and reduce all the ope-
rations of agriculture, manufactures andcommerce, and
to throw out of employment (as in the calamitous
year of 1816)0 great proportion of the industrious
and labouring classes of the community." Never
was the warning voice of a prophet poured forth to
more incredulous ears. Never was a vaticination
more thoroughly disregarded, and seldom has theca
been a more perfect realisation of a foreboding. The
Trojans were not more indifferent to the predictions
of CASSANDRA than the Legislature to the arguments
of those merchants who, from their past experience
and their own observations of the fatal effects of a
restricted currency whenever it was attempted to be
introduced, drew their deductions that similar results
would necessarily follow similar causes. Sir
CHARLES WOOD himself could not be more confident
" that there was not any just cause for the apprehen-
sion which the mercantile body seemed to entertain."
The flippant assurance of Mr. RICARDO, " that the
whole question was one of three per cent." (an opinion
which he afterwards admitted to be erroneous), was
received with greater attention, and had more weight
attached to it, than the calm and deliberate declara-
tion of men whose whole lives were devoted to com-
mercial pursuits, and who must, indeed, have been very
stupid if they were not competent to form a sound
judgment of the effects of the monetary restrictions
on their business operations.
Well, the Act was carried almost by acclamation,
and, it is scarcely necessary for us to say, that it
utterly and signally failed in giving that invariable
value to money which it was intended to do. The
changes since that period have been more frequent,
and attended with more disastrous consequences than
at any former period of our financial history. It
was not merely that a debt of 600,000,0001., borrowed
during the time of war for the preservation of the
property of the country, was placed as a permanent
burden on the industry, the labour of the people,
but it was now required' to be liquidated in
a currency very different from that in which it was
contracted, and.its weight thereby nearly doubled. Re-
strictions toe were imposed wholly inconsistent with
the national prosperity, and which prevented the pos-
sibility of maintaining that amount of circulation
which was required to supply the wants of commerce
and active industry. Need we point to the crises of
1825, 1830 to 1832, 1833 to 1837, or of 1839 ? In
every instance the prosperity was accompanied by an in-
creased circulation of bank notes, to which it was
fairly attributable; and the misery and calamity that
ensued was attended, and indeed we may say, occa-
sioned, by the reduction of the amount, and the con-
sequent depreciation in the value of every description
of property.

As if the country had already not suffered suffi-
ciently from the ill-considered and injurious Act of
1819, advantage was taken of one of our periodical
fits of apparent prosperity to introduce a new Bill,
by which the law was rendered more stringent, and
the Bank directors were deprived of that discretion
which they had formerly been allowed, and which
was exercised so beneficially for the national credit
in 1825 ; all that was required from them by the Act
of 1819 was, that they should at all times be enabled
to exchange their notes for gold at the Mint price of
31.175.10 A. per ounce. So long as they were enabled
to do so they might judge of the cause of any panic,
and deal with the disease according to its origin. If
the demand for money was to obtain gold to send out
of the country—if it was occasioned by over-trading
or undue speculation—it became their duty, as
well as their interest, to withhold the accommodation
by which this spirit might be increased and fostered,
and to put on the screw; but when the foreign ex-
changes were favourable, when the necessity and
pressure was purely domestic, there would be no such
necessity. On the contrary, it would become expe-
dient to exhibit confidence, to issue freely their notes,
which are quite acceptable to the whole trading popu-
lation, and thus to avert the unreasonable fears, the
absurd panic, that would cause greater mischief than
a real calamity; this however, is not now lawful, they
cannot by any act of theirs remedy such a panic, and
the national credit may be destroyed—the people
may be sacrificed to preserve the security of the
standard. The object of this Act was to enforce the
retention of gold in the country, or to bring it back if
it should by any means be exported, but this
may likewise operate in a manner wholly different
from the intentions of its originators. The wide- I
-414141EgghtgiffIgme2:' ll-;-71171,1,!- \Viiiicektfvfiirnia.

ie solvency
of British merchants cannot now be relied on, as in
former days. The value of Bills on England
are, consequently depreciated, from the fear
that they may be returned dishonoured, and
payments in other lands can therefore be snore
profitably made in specie than by bills, and as a na-

tural result the bullion will still leave the country,
no matter how anxiously our rulers may endeavour to
retain it. Either that must be the case, or there
must be a total cessation of our commercial pursuits,

and all classes must be exposed to the greatest misery
and privations, and for what ? " That the integrity of
the standard may be preserved !"

Lucca is emancipated. By his spontaneous abdi-
cation, the son of the late ex-Queen of ETRURIA. has
anticipated the change which would have resulted
immediately upon the decease of the ex-Empress
MARIA LOUISA. Lucca is not only emancipated
from the thraldom of this most incompetent personage,
but its perpetual prosperity is ensured by its incorpo-
ration with the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. Ulti-
mately this fortunate transference of authority
would have been inevitable, but the recent move-
ments made throughout the Peninsula by the So-
vereigns of Piedmont, Tuscany, and the Papal
States have so far affected the ruler of the duchy
of Lucca as to precipitate him from the throne of
that principality before the demise of MARIA
Loum had removed him to the presidency of
Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla.

Before we comment upon the advantages which
must necessarily result, not merely to the Lucchese
themselves, but relatively to the Italian population in
the aggregate, from the moral consequences of this
dynastic alteration, it may be advisable to recapitu-
late the outlines of the arrangement entered into in
181,5, by the Sovereigns of Europe, in reference to
the order of succession in the smaller principalities of
the Roman peninsula. By that most memorable,
because most recent and comprehensive of treaties,
the Treaty of Vienna, the ducal, grand ducal, and
regal crowns of Italy were placed contingently upon
the brows of different distinguished personages. And
among other remarkable stipulations entered into by
Great Britain, Austria, France, Russia, Prussia, and
Spain, the 101st and 102 d articles ordained that
Lucca should be granted to the daughter of King
CHARLES IV., of the last-mentioned kingdom,
the Infanta MARIA LOUISA, ex-Queen of Etruria,
and to her male descendants. Providing, however,
that the ducal throne of Lucca were vacated by the
death of the INFANTA and her male descendants, or
in the event of their accession to another principality,
the duchy of Lucca was rendered the property in re-
version of the Grand Duke of TUSCANY. That the
latter contingency was inevitable, is manifest from a
supplemental treaty, dated the 10th of June, 1817,
which ordained that the duchies of Parma, Piacenza,
and Guastalla should, upon the decease of the reign-
ing Archduchess, MARIA LOUISA, ex-Empress of the
French, be transferred to the possession of the
FANTA or her male descendants. Until the death or
abdication of the august widow of the Emperor NA-
POLEON, the Spanish Bourbons were, however, to
be sustained in their sovereignty over the Lucchese,
and their revenues were to be enhanced by the
annual payment of 500,000 f., abstracted from the
income derivable from Bohemian property called the
estates of the Bavaro-Palatinate. All these con-
ditional engagements—so comfortably dynastic, so
conveniently dove-tailing with the interests of here-
ditary royalty, so consonant with the character of the
epoch in
.which they were concocted—have been
jumbled Into confusion by the sudden and un-
expected abdication of the son of the ex-Queen
cf
tEheirßaud cemuvia_to.Yeentt it is ab
ii e
ra t confusioniNo cw
nhuiscreh
intfenthdes
to of the
Italian peninsula. It relieves the couat
another incubus ; it destroys another of they from
damn-
ing spells of the Viennese Comes ; it break
another-of the brutalizing wands of the CIRCE of
Absolutism ; it snaps another chain ; it overthrows
another obstacle ; it is another step—and a glorious
one the onward march of a Free People.
The Imperial Archduchess still weilds the

triple sceptre of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla,
Yet the subsidization of the Bavaro-Palatinate
has terminated ! The inane and effete intellect
of the descendant of the ex-Queen of ETRURIA
still proclaims to the world its inalienable stupidity—
yet the Spanish Bourbons no longer preside over the
destinies of the Lucchese population I The Duke of
Lucca has not succeeded to anymore brilliant establish-
ments—yet his principality is at this moment incor-
porated with the Tuscan possessions of the enlight-
ened LEOPOLD ! The cause of this surprising with-
drawal is obvious. The principles of social and poli-
tical liberation had been imbibed by the Lucchese;
the irresistible pressure of circumstances unfavour-
able to the maintenance of the Austrian interests had
forced a consciousness of peril and impotence into the
stagnant and saturnine imagination of its ruler; from
all directions floated to his ears the acclamations
of the surrounding Italians acclamations
fraught with disaster to himself and his Go.
vernment,—" Eviva Carlo Alberto!" attested the
predominance of Liberal opinions in Piedmont—
"Eviva Leopoldo S'ecundo !" proclaimed the joys of
Tuscany "—"Eviva Pio Nono!' announced that the
place in which the popular enthusiasm had been first
evoked was on the holy and historic hill of the Aven-
tine, and that the brows of the Sovereign PONTIFF
were crowned with the laurels of a Liberator, as well
as with the coronet of a Count, and the tiara of more
than an ecclesiastical Tetrarch. The streets con-
tiguous to the ducal palace resounded with Rossrm's
hymn—the hymn of Prus—the national hymn of the
Italian people ! The cohorts of METTERNICH already
recoiled beyond the bank of the Po, before the
majesty of an offended and a manumitted race.
The gonfalon of the Peninsula already streamed in
the air. The National Guards already marched
under the national colours—red, white, and green.
Even the Romagnese, until recently the manu-
facturers of comfits for the carnivals, or the indolent
consumers of the tobacca of TORLONIA, even the Ro-
magnese were rising like one man, under the
colours of the PONTIFF, under the gold and
silver embroidery of the labarum. Among those
classic acclivities, which of old gazed down upon
the legions of the Imperia! CrESARS, the helmets
of the civic soldiery were again visible, the
pillar of Trajan again cast its shadow, as it
were, upon the ranks of the Praetorian guard,
the princes of Rome were emulating each other as
leaders of the national army—they were aspiring
even to the dignity of being regarded as its centurions.
In the palazzas of Turin, of Florence, of Leghorn,
and o!" Bologna, there was a cry to which the hearts
of many millions responded—" Viva l'independenza
r' Troops assembled under the windows of
the Quirinal ; there was a clamour amongst them—a
brief but significant clamour—" Huzza ! for the first
cannon shot !'' Such were the startling sounds and
sights which enforced the emeutes of the Lucchese
themselves, and brought dismay and despair into the
councils of the son of the ex-Queen of ETRURIA !
Such are the circumstances which have corn
bined to impress him with a conviction of
his incompetence to withstand a movement
that is rendering immortal the present generation
of Italians, and that circumstances have at length in-
duced him to forestall the arrangements of 1815, and to
abdicate in favour of the good and sagacious LEOPOLD
of Tuscany. Glory be to the memory of Gronean !
for he it was who first dreamed of the possible eman-
cipation of his countrymen. His dream is being
realised. Another portion of the Peninsula has just
been released from the thraldom of the Absolu-
tists, and the incorporation of Lucca with Tuscany
inspires us with a hope that a similar fate awaits the
other miniature principalities ; and that Parma,
Piacenza, Guastalla, and Modena, will, like the
districts of Borgo, of Fivizano, of Massa, of Petra-
Banta, of Castiglione, of Gallitano, and of Minnuc-
ciano, be merged into the larger territories, and be-
come ultimately the provinces of that regal confede-
racy which may, before long, ensure to the liberated
population of the Peninsula the preservation of their
independence and the perpetuation of their prosperity.

Civil war in Switzerland now seems inevitable
The Grand Council of St. Gall has determined by a
majority of three in favour of coercive measures
against the Sonderbund. A letter from Berne, of
the 15th, says--

" Loud shouting this morning at the post -office
greeted the intelligence brought by the mail from
;oh of the 17f1tP Af the
_Grnd Council of St. Gall,
.ch, ny a majority of to to 7a, closes the series of
cantonal instructions relative to the Sonderbund in
the sense of coercive measures should pacific ones
fail. Never at any period,' says a letter from St.
Gall, did a question excite so high a degree of public
interest. During the three days that the struggle
lasted, the building where the Grand Council held its
sittings was besieged by a compact crowd, which not
being able to find room in the public galleries,
affronted with a resignation without example the tire-
someness of a long attendance. All the canton of Swit-
zerland, without exception, were represented in the
crowd of spectators who thronged the galleries. On both
sides the speakers did their utmost to olsfain the victory.
All the arguments for or against the decision which
was at last come to were brought forward over and
over again without public attention being fatigued.
The length of the discussion was equal to the vivacity
of the combat. Having been recommenced at eight
o'clock in the morning of the third day, it continued
without interruption until three the next morning, or
nineteen consecutive hours. I doubt if any parlia-
mentary assembly in any country in the world can
offer an example of such perseverance, and what is
not less characteristic is the steadfastness of the two
parties in their respective political views. Although
it is notorious that attempts at indirect corruption
were made in order to weaken the ranks of the
Liberal party, these could not be moved ; the Ra-
dicals, the Liberals, and the Tiers-parti voted toge-
ther as a single man against the ultramontanes. A
Liberal Deputy, gravely indisposed, got himself
carried to the sitting to vote, and the town of St.
Gall received with manifestations of the most
lively enthusiasm the news of a result so long
doubtful. The federal commissioner sent to Neuf-
chatel returned from Berne last evening, bringing
to the Vorort a letter, by which the Neufchatelese
Government engages formally to take fitting mea-
sures to prevent all passage of arms and ammunition
through its territory for the states of the Sonderbund.
A new incident has just arisen relative to this kind of
convoy. The day before yesterday there were
seized a cargo of seven cases, filled with arms and
ammunition, at Rheinfelden, in the canton of Argau ;
this cargo, which, it is said, came from Strasburg by
Bale, was addressed to the Custom-house of Zurich,
without doubt to elude the vigilant look-out that is
kept ; for if it be shown that it is really the
communal council of that place which commanded
these arms, it will be responsible for such an
act to the Government, but it is generally
supposed that the intercepted cargo was intended to
be carried to the primitive cantons by the aid of conser-
vative einployes at Zurich. The news from Morat an-
nounces that all the militia of that district repaired
yesterday to the Prefecture to declare that they re-
fused to accede to the summons sent them to go and
swell the numbers of the Sonderbund troops. This
determination has caused a great irritation in the
ultramontane party, and the most violent measures
have been proposed in the Council of State of Friburg
by the deputy at the Diet, Fournier, for the purpose
of overcoming the resistance of the district of Morat.
The Federal Council of War (the highest military
authority of the Confederation) has been sitting for
the last two days, and is busy in devising means to
place the federal army in a state to respond to the
appeal which will be made to it by the Diet. Ac-
cording to letters from Vienna, the Austrian Cabinet
has given orders to concentrate on the frontiers of
Switzerland an army of from 20,000 to 30,000 men.
On its side, the Gazette de Bale announces that, on
the French frontier, orders have also arrived to pre-
pare military cantonments in several localities of the
department of the Haut-Rhin."

Madrid journals of the 14th have arrived—

The Ileraldo gives the following, which may be
considered as the official account of the reconciliation
of the QUEEN and her husband, and of the reception
of the latter at the Palace on the 14th :

" When the present Cabinet arrived at rower-the
first object of its efforts was to bring about a result
which the situation of the country urgently de-
manded. To attain that object, the influence of the
Nuncio of his Holiness, whose sacred character gave
him great authority in a matter of the kind, was,
among other measures, employed. The efforts of
Mgr. Brunelli, in conjunction with the removal
already effected of some of the principal obstacles to
the reconciliation, completely attained the desired
object. His Majesty the King heard with the bene-
volence which characterises him the reasons which
were urged by the representative of Pius IX., and
did not delay to accede to the ardent desire of all
Spaniards. Her Majesty the Queen having been in-
formedroyal
permission forthisisiohappy the
result, deigned
of her g
nedto concede her
Consort_ to the Palace of Madrid, and in the morn-
ing of yesterday the President of the Council of

Ministers hastened to convey to the Pao the august
words which sealed the reconciliation, and which
put an end to that painful state of things, which by
the meliation of God has just disappeared for ever.
At three o'clock in the afternoon of the 13th, the
Duke of Valencia, in company with Mgr. Brunelli
left Madrid to place themselves at the orders of the
King, and to accompany him to the uroyal palace;
and in a little time after his Majesty c me away in v.
carriage with the President of the Council of Minis-
ters, and the Nuncio of his Holiness, followed in
another coach by his suite, composed of the Marquis
de Alcanices, the Marquis de Castelar, and the
Marquis de Palacious. In the meanwhile the Cap-
tain-General of Madrid, with an escort of cavalry,
was waiting for his Majesty at the Puerta de Hierro
and the political chief was waiting with an escort of
the civic guard on horseback at the royal residence
of Florida. At the latter place two of the royal
carriages were also waiting, and his Majesty en-
tered one of them with the two personages who
accompanied him, and the other was occupied
by his suite. At about four o'clock the "King
entered Madrid followed from the Puerta de Hierro
to the royal palace by some persons, who greeted him
with repeated vivas. The attendance of the curious
was, howevertpnot numerous, because the event was
so unexpected that there were few persons at Ma-
drid who knew of it. On the entrance of the King
into the palace, he was received by' the guard with
all the honours due to his elevated rank, and he was
joined on the principal staircase by the other Minis-
ters and the high dignitaries of the palace, who had
been waiting for him, and they accompanied him to the
door of the royal apartment. Her Majesty the Queen
was in company with the Infanta Duchess de Sessa,
cousin and sister-in-law of her Majesty, who imme-
diately retired, and their Majesties remained alone
together for some time. At length the President of
the Council of Ministers was called to their presence,
and shortly after his Majesty the King retired to his
own apartments."
A Madrid letter of the 14th states that Queen
CHRISTINA and the Duke DE RIANZARES arrived in
that city at five o'clock on the morning of that day,
having accomplished the journey from Paris in four
days and a half. They had only a single domestic
with :them. At one o'clock in the afternoon they
went to the Palace with General NARVAEZ, and at
three o'clock they were still in family conference.
The KING had not left his apartments, and up to that
hour had had no interview with the members of the
Royal Family.

It was only on the night of the 13th that Queen
ISABELLA was informed that CHRISTINA was expected
in Madrid.

The Eco del Comercio announces a conspiracy
of the Afrancesados to depose the QUEEN.
The Espanol states that there is no truth in the
rumour of the appointment of General CIL&CON to
the Governorship of Madrid.
MADRID BOLSA, OCT. 14.—The Three per Cents.
were done at 27 for cash ; the Five per Cents. at
17 ; the Debt without Interest, at 58; and the Cou-
pons, at 13k.

We have received the i'aris papers of Tuesday,
and judging from the appearance of an article on
England in the Journal des Dibats, we should
imagine that M. GuizoT has either received some un-
welcome intelligence, which he wishes to keep from
the public as long as possible, or that he is medi-
tating some coup d'etat—some fresh attack upon the
liberties of the French people, or the perpetration of
some outrageous job. Whenever such is the case,
the Journal des Debats trails a red herring in the
shape of an attack on England, in order to lead the
French public off the scent, and in the Debats of
Tuesday we find a long tirade against the people of
England, anent the Irish poor-law.
Probably M. GuizoT may be meditating the adoption
of more active measures in support of the Jesuit re-
bellion in Switzerland, and may wish to draw
off attention from his proceedings in that quarter,
but France will never consent to become the catspaw
of Austria in Italy and Switzerland, not even to pur-
chase the Spanish crown for the younger son of " the
best of Republics." France has not forgotten the
barricades of July, however convenient it may be to
others to affect to forget them ; and that France will
not quietly submit to have her resources squandered
in support of a re-actionary, ultra-montane, and
Jesuitical movement, the universal voice of the
French press, with the exception of the Ministerial
organ, unanimously declares. Indeed, if the fol-
lowing statement, which appears in the National, may
be depended on, M_ GuizoT already perceives that he
is standing on the verge of a precipice, and is medi-
tating the possibility of retracing his steps :
" Wh.. lb wn, _ _
that the French Government made clandestine
expeditions of arms and ammunitions to the revolted
cantons of the Sonderbund, in order to facilitate
their means of resisting the decrees of the Diet, the
Ministerial journals pretended that the arms were
those which had been set aside as unfit for use; that
the Government is accustomed to sell these arms
every year to commerce; and that the emissaries of
the cantons might purchase them as well as any
other persons. The Ministerial journals impudently
imposed on the indignant public. The following is
Councilneral Torfe ze l
the truth on this odious episode of the 'great
, without doubt on a deci-
sion Ministers, gave orders to the
policy'
of thecommandant of the artillery at Besancon to deliver
5,000 muskets in perfect conformity with the regula-
tions, and moreover a certain quantity of munitions
of war. The manner in which this delivery was
:—General
Ge
effected gives a formal contradiction to the ver-
sion imagined by the Ministerial journals. When
the State sells condemned arms, an adjudi-
cation is proceeded to according to certain
forms fixed by the regulations, and the purchasers
remove the arms by their agents without any
mystery. But in this case the arms were taken from
the arsenal, and packed up by the artillerymen, as is
done with arms destined for any public service. In
order, however, to dissimulate their destination, this
inscription was placed on the carts which were to
convey them : Machines and mechanical objects.'
However the fact of these clandestine expeditions
soon transpire at Besancon, and notice was given on
the road they had to pass. The Prefect of the Doubs
informed by public notoriety, and a witness of the
emotion produced by the news, visited the com-
mandant of the artillery, who showed him his orders.
At Baume-les-Dames the mayor was desirous of
stopping the first convoy; but on the representations
of a deputy, he permitted it to proceed. When the
second arrived he renewed his opposition ; and in-
structions were demanded from the Government by
the telegraph. Meanwhile the first convoy which had
passed thc, frontier had been discovered by the
patriots of the canton of Neufchatel, and delivered
to the authorities of the canton of Vaud. The French
Government reconsidered the matter, and the other
convoys were countermanded. Such is the informa-
tion which we have received on this dark and odious
affair, from a trustworthy person in a position to be
well informed."

As a proof of the spirit by which France is ani-
mated, we give the following extract from the SiZcle,
the organ of the ODILON BARROT party, a party
which has hitherto professed, and professed sincerely,
sentiments of the greatest loyalty to the dynasty•
" Courage," says the Sicle, addressing the Govern-
ment, " courage. Go on to the utmost. Show the
world to what extent a Government of Parvenus can
carry their passion for apostacy. These excesses
were, perhaps, necessary to bring back the whole of
France to one unanimous sentiment of reprobation
and contempt. Go on—one step more—and, as a
great orator has told, the light will shine forth, and
justice will be done."

In commenting on this passage, the National calls
upon those who have hitherto supported the dynasty
to awake from their dreams, and thus explains the
motives which induce the French Government
to aid the Sonderbund. " A powerful interest

alone," says the National, " could/have induced the
Government to violate the neutrality of Switzerland,
which is guaranteed by treaties. Most assuredly it
is not in the cause of justice that such violation is to
take place ; the right is on the side of the Diet, but
the interests of the dynasty are to be considered before
justice, and as the Siecle justly observes, that interest
has prevailed. The system hostile in its domestic
policy to every idea of reform or of progress, is forced
in its foreign policy to be the adversary of every
approach to a liberal movement, or a democratic ten-

dency. Its reactionary policy would fain destroy
for its own private profit the rights of other nations,
and our own liberties. Absolutism abroad, and
tyranny at home, these are its objects and its aims."
A reform banquet was to have taken place at Cosne
on the 17th, but has been postponed for a few days,
in consequence of a disagreement between some of
the persons engaged in getting it up. In order, as it
was supposed, that the KING'S health should not be
given at this banquet,
it was proposed by some of the
members of the committee that no toast unconnected
with electoral and Parliamentary reform should be

given. The proposition being rejected by the ma.
jority, M. GAMBON, one of the minority, and a

Judge of the Tribunalof Cosne, published a letter,
in which he charges the majority of the committee
with having resolved on giving the toast objected to
by his own party, to prevent the leading reformers of
Cosne from attending the banquet. This disagree-
ment has led to the postponement of the manifesta-
tion ; and we learn from the Moniteur that a prosecu-
tion has been ordered by the Minister of Justice
against M. GAMBON for breach of discipline in pub-
lishing the letter in question.
The Semaphore de Marseilles of the 16th instant
contains the following notice issued by the Chamber
of Commerce of that city :

" Marseilles, Oct. 14.
" It follows, from a decree of the Supreme Magis-
trate of the Board of Health at Naples, that spun
cottons, imported from England, France, or Austria,
will not be admitted to free pratique unless they be
accompalied by a certificate of the superior authori-
ties of the district, proving that the said cottons were
spun there. The certificate, moreover, must be veri-
fied by the Consul of the Two Sicilies, attesting the
signature and character of the agent by whom it was
delivered. In the absence of such a document the
cottons declared at the Customs'-office shall be re-
moved to the lazaretto to be purified, according to the
regulations in force, and agreeably to the decree
issued on the 30th of June last, in consequence of the
appearance of the yellow fever at Vera Cruz "
It is said that CABRERA was at Nice last week,
where he remaioed two days, and from whence he
proceeded to Genoa.

The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse
on Tuesday at 75f. 35c. ; the Five per Cents.,
114 f. 80c.; the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,153 f.
75c.; Rouen, 897 f. 50c. ; Havre, 507 f. 50c. ; Great
Northern, 5221. 50c. ; Avig non, 5151. ; Vierzon,
632 f. 50c.; Bordeaux, 453 f. 75c. ; Troyes and
31ontereau, 245 f. ; Dieppe, 2411. 25c. ; Bask,
150 f. ; Paris and Strasburg, 388 f. 75c.; Tours and
Nantes, 370 f.; Paris and Lyons, 380 f.; Lyons and
Avignon, 472 f. 50c.; Spanish Three per Cents. 28.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, OCTOBER 20.
Boulogne and Amiens, 13,4—Paris and Lyons, 4%—
Sambre and Meuse, 5%.