The Sun.
London, England, 1841-04-07 00:00:00

P: SUN, LONDON, WEDNESD V, At Pjljt( 7US

I made more painful by an utter want of cleanli-
ness, by a total exclusion of the balmy air, and by
a system of treatment altogether improper.
They see heaps of putrifying matter lying about,
gutters stopped, and the soil clammy with foul
water, for want of a means of draining the place.
All these are great evils, but they are only a
very small part either of society or of the
lives and conditions of the individuals in-
vestigated. Never before, perhaps, were
they or their like, seen by the Commis-
sioners, with whom they have no communion
of feeling; they may even want a common lan-
guage to communicate, for the same words do
not represent to different minds the same things,
but on this very temporary, very slight, and
very imperfect knowledge, a law, or perhaps
a whole system of laws, shall be founded, which
are intended, if not to last through all time, at
least to operate over future generations.
This practical conclusion seems to us not war-
ranted by the facts. Men would hardly act in
their own-personal concerns on such very imper-
fect knowledge, but they have no hesitation, at
least the upper classes have no hesitation, when
the lower classes are concerned, to rush upon
them at once with an enactment, and fasten it
upon themsas their rule of life. We are thankful
to Mr. PARKINSON, therefore, for endeavouring
to attract attention to the ignorance of each
other as the great source of much of the misery
of society, and we have only somewhat varied
and extended the application of the principle he
has brought prominently forward.

The debate on Mr. LABOUC HERE'S resolutions,
the evening before last, will be more interesting
to the public than the resolutions themselves.
They are a step in the right path, but the
speeches of the Members went further than
the resolutions, in the same direction. Mr.
GOULBURN, the very model of narrow, bigoted,
restrictive Toryism, had no doubt that the mea-
sure would be advantageous, as applied to the
colonies, but the House was bound to consider
its ultimate consequences on the whole of the
empire. He cannot help, therefore, being at times a
Benthamite, or an advocate for the greatest good
of the greatest number. Of Mr. LABOUCHRRL'fi
sentiments it is unnecessary to say more than
that he is the author of the improvements, and
defended them on the principles of free trade.
Mr. COLQUHOUN, a Tory like Mr. GOULB URN, and
the unrelenting foe of his Catholic fel lo w-country-
men, thought the resolutions did not go far enough,
so that he cannot help being for freedom of trate,
though he is opposed to freedom of conscience.
Mr. HUME'S sentiments are too well known to
require any comment, Lut he performed a most
valuable service by
ions of Lord AS:driuRTON,
'ions the foolish aecusa-
and showing that the
InP°rt nes Committee deserved none of the
-Aire which that apostate Lord had heaped
on it.

cev-

Mr. HERRIES, another Tory, avowed that he
had always agreed with Mr. HUSKISSON in his
commercial reforms, and declared that all the
colleagues of that Right Hon. Gentleman shared
his convictions. Mr. HERRIES maintained, how-
ever, that Mr. HusxissoN was not an advocate for
tree trade, but for regulated protectiOn, a doctrine
which Lord J. RUSSELL disposed of by pointing
out the folly of attempting by any legislation to
equalize protection amongst all classes of pro-
ducers ; now giving an advantage to one, anon to
another, and finally trying to find for all other
classes a compensation. Lord JOHN RUSSELL
declared that it was a vicious system
which sought the advantage of a particular
class instead of seeking the benefit of the
whole. The Noble Lord spoke out boldly;
and so manfully took the part of Mr. J. D.
HUME, the late Secretary to the Board of Trade,
on account of the evidence given before the Im-
port Duties Committee, which he was not obliged
to do, that we are inclined to suppose that the
Noble Lord sees the improbability of much longer
conducting the affairs of the country on the present
restrictive and suicidal system. He is inclined,
we believe, whenever he can, and he will soon
be able if the commercial community backs
him, to give effect to the principles of free
trade. We can, in fact, state on good authority,
that such is Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S inclination,
and such is, we believe, the wish of the most
enlightened members of the Cabinet; and if they,
be not able to act on their inclination, it will be
owing to the supineness of the mercantile and
manufacturing community. A very little exer-
tion on their part now would induce the willing
Ministry to take a very decisive step, and if it
be not taken, the fault will be more in the peo-
ple than in the Ministers.

We have reserved the expression of our satis-
faction at what took place with regard to the
Import Duties to the last. It was cleverly shown
by Mr. HUME and Mr. VILLIERS, and the state-
ments were acquiesced in by Mr. /FERRIES and
other men of business, that the Import Duties
Committee was fairly constituted, and the evi-
dence fairly brought forward. Lord ASHBURTON
said it was one-sided--what did he mean ? The
chief evidence was given by Mr. AFGREGOR,
Mr. J. D. HUME, and Mr. PORTER, all of whom
are or have been servants of the Government,
and they spoke of the system of the Govern-
ment. Whom would Lord ASHBURTON /lave
had called to contradict them ? What under-
scrub of the Board of Trade or the Treasury, who
hasbeen chained to a desk for fifty years, did Lord
ASHBURTON wish to have examined? Would lie
volunteer his own evidence ? Would he depute his
new allyMr.GouLßunN, or some man with a name
like THORNEYCROFT, who figures in the ma-
nufacturing districts as a disciple of Lord ASH-
BURTON, and an opponent of Mr. BARING, to be
examined before the Committee? His Lordship
would be cautious, we suspect, how he subjected
any of his friends to a cross-examination, and
how be exposed himself to be obliged publicly to
reconcile the contradictory statements of Mr.
BARING and Lord ASHBURTON.

The truth is that Lord ASHBURTON, and all
that school of politicians, are quite alarmed at the
facts which the Import Duties Committee
brought to light, and at the manner in which
they were substantiated. They cannot set aside
these facts, they cannot refute them, and these
facts convict Lord ASHBURTON of supporting in his
mature life pestiferous errors which in his earlier
days he fearlessly denounced. Under the weight
of that painful conviction, which he cannot
shake off, the Noble Lord cries aloud with
vexation and anger, that the Committee was
one-sided and unfair. On Monday night the
fallacy of these new excuses of a money-
grubber turned into a lord was made per-
fectly clear, and an additional benefit was con-
ferred on the public by Mr. HUME and Mr. VIL-
LIERS, when they demonstrated that the Noble
Lord had denounced the Committee from igno-
rance and anger. The debate was a proper con-
clusion of the business before Easter, and is more
worthy of public approbation than all the pre-
vious proceedings since the commencement of
the Session.

We have received the French Journals of
Sunday. Lord GRANVILLE continued seriously
indisposed. His complaint is gout—one of those
peculiar diseases which meet with more sympa-
thy in palaces than in parish-workhouses, not-
withstanding that the latter are by much the
more numerous. Lord GRANVILLE is, however,
exceedingly and deservedly popular in Paris, and
at post hour on Sunday the British Embassy was
crowded with anxious visitors. The answer to
all inquiries was that his Excellency was no
better than on the preceding day. We are
happy to state, on the authority of a private
letter, that the life of the Noble Earl is consi-
dered in no danger.

The Chamber of Peers did nothing on Satur-
day but receive the Report of the Committee on
the Secret Service Bill, which was in favour of
that measure. M. HUMANN then laid the Bill
on their Lordships' table, when they adjourned.
The mother of the Regicide DARMES, after an
examination before a Commission of the Court
of Peers, has been set at liberty.
The French fleet at Toulon, under the co" Im,
mand of Admiral HUGON, received orders on the
29th ult..to be in readiness for proceeding to sea
at an hour's notice. The object of the exlieditiOn'
tile`

Immense masses of timber are floating down

the Loire to Indret for the construction oftrans-
atlantic steamers

The King of PMTS eontempihies restoring
the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, of which an-
cient Order thirty-two Knights are still living.
This is the age of steam and comm9rce) not of
chivalry, and when the "plilt Siidi institutions
as the Ortlei• of St. John is dead the resuscita-

tion of their • externals is little better than a

- .
mockery of common sense. Chivalry, if indeed
it can be said to be alive at the inVelitibli of gun-
powder, fell before the drst shot of the match-
lock—its, very ashes were pulverized to atoms,
beyond -the power of human indivisibility, by the
machinery of the spinning jenny, and .all the
galvanism of all the Kings in the world can-
not now so recompose it as to enable it
to stand up for one moment if brought in
collision with a common coal-train upon one
of our railroads. Orders of Knighthood
have now little more than a mercantile value.
They are sought by tnerehants becaii§e they ap-
pear to indicate the possession of wealth by the
head of the firm. Sir JOHN RETAILTAPE and
Co.,sounds better at the head of a circular, or on
a share-list, for which subscribers are wanted,
than mere Mr. JOHN IiBTA ILTA CB, linen-draper
and slop-seller, of No. 5, Mutto.n-broth-lane. The
prefix of " Sir" is also a better passport to matri-
mony and a dowry than " Mr.," which may
belong to somebody, CV'Rq body, and no-
body, indiscriminately. But knaves an
not made honest men nor rakes anc:
blacklegs protectors of the oppressed, and
guardians of female innucente, by wearing
the spurs And mantle of a Templar, or
ai Hospitaller. The spirit of chivalry is extinct.
and is succeeded among all classes by the spirit
of gain. This appears to be very well under-
stood by the SULTAN, who, in conferring the
Order of Merit the other day upon his Prime
Minister, httd the decoration set in brilliants,
and at the same time accompanied by a sub-
stantial gift in solid cash to the amount of fort-•
thousand pounds sterling. If the King o
PRUSSIA wants to restore a chivalrous order lit

MOREY and etimmtEtwAti NEws.

CITY, TUESDAY EVENING.
We have no news either of the Yres.dcnt steamer, or the
India overland MD:

To.daYThepi,l)ii securities werB rditlreir more Itioy,ant, and
there was a goad deal of real business done. For &CMS Chll-
sole irealiS63, EO% to 893, arid for the Account 893/4 to %.
ExEliegiier Bins WiireStkrly nit dS, td Ils. premium, and India
Bonds at par to 2s. premium. The Nett Three.and-a-Half
per Cents. were worth 981 A to 3/4, the Three per •CeilL Re-
duced Annuities 88% to -%
ex dividend, the Three-aul-a-
Half per• Cent. Reduced 9714 to 971/, and Long Annuities
12 11,10 to 1.4: Bank Stdck was Josq, to 170 ex dividend.
The Revenue returns, LIS was dritittlited, still showing a defi-
ciency, checked in some measure the buoyancy Of the llitliket.
No decision has yet been come to respecting the sanction of
the Committee of the Sock Exchange to dealings in the New
or Converted PortugiVse Bonds. Spanish Active Bonds were
heavy all day at 233, Portuguese New Five per Cent=. at 333,
and the 'three per Cents. at 203 to 3. Colombian Bonds were
at an intproven.ent to 23 and 233, Mexican were not higher
than 303, and Brazilian were dull at 693. Russian Bonds were
marked 1123, and Dutch Five per Cents. 98 to 973."
Railway Shares Were Very brisk arid brought fully previous
rates. tlreat We4erii R&l vfty brotight 283, the New 133, the
Fifth 73 to 3, the Gosport June ion 53, the London! and Bir-
mingham 67, the New 213, and the S cth Wester% 183 prem.
Brighton were 4; croydop }, Manchester and Leeds 2, North
Midland dnd Soilth Di:tern and,, Dover 14-1 discount. Na-
tional Provine4l Bank of tngllfid e* Slidle4 were at par.
This afternoon the foreign exchanges were Arai, a tfiream-
stance that cannot but be gratifying' to those who de-ir.• dti
improvement in our foreign trade— one great lever in raising
the productiveness of the national revenue. The rates at
which thr,e months' paper was negotiated were these :--Paris
25f 67%0. to 70c., Hamburgh 13 9% to 3, Amsterdam 12 33
to 43, Frankfort 150, and Trieste 10 2 to 10 3.
The following are the official returns of the exports of bul-
lion from the port of !Anthill fur the week ending 'lhursday last.
SilVer ediu tO Elarrlbiligll •,..1241,000 ounces
Rot erdam
„ bars to Hamburgh WiA do,

(From The Sun of Last Night. )

LIVERP4iOL COTTON Alitattzr, APRIL s.—The Market to-
day his WWI.; in a Tory inanimate state; the sales scarcely
amount to 2,000 bales, without any change in priees; the de-
scriptions purchased cons:st principally of American; the spe-
culaCons or exports nothing to report.
LIVERPOOL SHARE MARKET, APRIL s.—The bu-iness at

the Stock Exchange this day has been to a considerable extent.
The transactions reported with the prices are as follow :
Chester and Birke.lead New Shares, 16A ; Eastern Counties,
debentures, 71; Glasgow, Parsley, and Greenock, 234;
Grand Junction. 209; Great Western lialf-shareg, 64i; Mit°
Fifths, 1f g ; Lon,lon and Birmi,:glia.n, 156 ; Ditto quarter-
:hares, 23; London and Brighton U. C., 46*; Midland
Counties quarter 'shares, 21i ; North Midland, 75; Paris and
Rouen, 5 ; South-Western and Devon, 18i ; London and Bir-
chipshani, 321. shares, 24i.

MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, APRIL 3.—Our mar-
ket still continues very firm ; stock is bat sparingly offered,
and prices higher.—Lancaster and Prest in New, 241; Lon
don and South Western, 56 ; Do. Tenths, 21. 34. ; Midland
Counties, 83 4; North Mid'and, 784 ; Great Western Fifths,
114 ; Lancaster Canal, 284 ; lluddersfield Canal, 264 ; Bank
of Manchester, 73.
The Liverpool letter received this morning states that the
Margaret, from Liverpool, at the Cape of Good Hope, for
-Sydney, New South Wales, had 40 deaths on the passage.
The decrease in the revenue has not had any effect on the
Briti, h Funds to the present time.
Consols opened this morning at the leaving off prices of
yesterday, 894 for the Account, and 89# 4 for Money. The
Hr brews being absent from the market this m „riling owing to
their holidays, consequenly there is nothing doing in either of
the markets as yet, nor is it expected that any business of con-
sequence will be transacted. 1 xchequer Bills 911 prem.
In the Foreign Market the prices are nominal at present, it
being in an inactive state. Spanish Active same as i' left off,
2341; Deferred, 124 4; Passive, 54;Portuguese as they
closed, 334 .T)-t ; Three per Cents. 20 to 4 ; Colombian the
same, 224 23; Mexican as it left off, 304 31; Brazilian, 69
70 ; Chilian 59 61 ; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. 514 4 ;
Five per Cents. 974 984.
SHARES.—Great Western 274 28 prem. ; New 134 4
prem. ; London and Brighton 4 31 dis. ; Blackwall 53/4 4 dis. ;
Birmingham 64 66 prem. ; Southampton 554 564 per share ;
Croydon 134 per sh re ; Greenwich 84 per share ; Man-
chester and Birmingham 154 14i discount ; South Eastern and
Dover 154 144 discount.
PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE.
RAILWAYS. Paid. Per Share.
Great Western
Gosport Junction
Birmingham and Derby lOO ..
Ditto New
London and South Western 3B& 57 ... to

Nori h Midland

Extract of a letter at Lloyd's, from their agent at Patras,
dated Feb. 25 ;—" The Candiot refugees in Greece having re-
solved to return to their own country to raise an insurrection
against the Ottoman authorities, have seized upon several ves-
sels in the Modena waters, and taken them to Carabusd in
Candia ; whether for this or piratical purposes, is unknown.
An English schooner was taken off Sapieneza by a boat full
of armed Ca diots, and taken to Candia. The British Con-
sul at Navarino warns all vessels to give the Sap:enen Iles a
wide berth, as the Isle of Schezza is the place where the Can-
diots lu, k.

Although the British Market as well as the Foreign conti-
nues inactive to the present time, the morning quotations con-
tinue firm.

A report prevailed in the Stock Exchange that the Overland
Jail from India had arrived, bringing very favourable informa-

tion from Ch na. Had thi, been true no doubt it would have
caused some aerations in the in ,rke., at p. esent we cannot
confirm the above report.

Consols may be quoted at the prices in the early part of the
morning, 891 fir the Account, Money, 89k, 1; Exchequer
sills, 9 11 prem. ; Bank Stork, 69 ex dm. ; ludia Bonds
par to 2 prem. -
In the Foreign Market, very little doing, Spanish Active,
234 ; Portuguese, 331 ; Colombian, 231 ; Mexican, 301;
Dutch Two-and-a-Hall per Cents., nothing done ; live per
Cents., 971,
Little doing in Shares, quotations rather lower, Great
Western 93k; Gosport Junction, 45i ; London and Briehton,
45i ; ditto, New, 23-1 -; London and Western, 57 ; North
Midland, 77.

Consols fur Accout. 891 ; ditto 25th May, 90A
Mexican, 30-1 31 ; Portuguese, 334 34; Spanish, 23} if.
Nothing whatever doing.
CLOSING PRICES.
BRITISH FUNDS.
Bulk Stock

3 per Cent Red ~. 831 Ditto Bonds 2 par
3 per Cent Cons B9h Ditto Old Annuities ...
31 per Cent Red 971 Ditto New Annuities...
New 3 per Cent 9B Ex. Bills, 1,000/....2 id 11 pm
New 5 per Cent Ditto 500/ ll pm
Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small l2 pm
Jan. 1860 ... 121 'Bank Stock for 0pg....174
Oct 1859 — India Stock for °pg....
Jan. 1860.
FO itEIGN FUNDS.
Austrian, 13 per cent.... - Portuguese, 5 per cent.
Belgian, 5 per cent — Ditto, New Ditto —
Brazilian 80nd5.......... 691 Prussian, 5 per cent —
Buenos Ayres, 6 per cent Russian, 5 per cent ll2i
Chiliati, 6 per cent...... Ditto, ‘letallic
Colombian, 6 per Wit.: -- Spanish, 5 per cent 23i
Ditto, 1824 .. 23 Ditto, Deferred l2l
Danish, 3 per cent....... French, 5 per cent. —f. —c.
Greek, 18:45, 5 per cent. Exchange
Mexican, 5 per cent.... 301 French, 3 per cent --f. —e.
Ditto,.6 per cent, 1825. Dutch, 21 per cent. ...
Peruvian, 1825, 6 per et. Ditto, 5 per cent
SHARES.
Eastern Counties Railway (23 paid ...... .....
Ditto Di•beriturcs ( 4 paid) 74
Great Western Hallway (65 paid)
Ditto New Shares (50 paid) 63,
Ditto Fifth (4 paid) .. .. .. lla
Gosport Junction Railway (441 pd)
London and Brighton (50 paid) 46
• .
London and Birmingham Railway (90 pd) 157
Ditto New Shares ( 2 paid) 231
London and South Western ... ...........
London and Croydon Railway (Trunk) •••
Manchester and Leeds (70 paid) ...... ...
Ditto New Shares (30 paid) 3O
North Midland Railway (100 paid) ......
South Eastern and Dover (33 paid)... 18h
COURSE OF EXCHANGE—(YESTERDAY).
Amsterdam CF. 12 7 (Gibraltar 4B

Ditto, at sight
Rotterdam ...2 U. 12 7i Genoa , 25 85
Antwerp l2 66 :11ilan
Hamburgh M. B. 13 12& Venice 47
Altona
Paris, 3 days' sight ... 25 60 Palermo, per oz 119
Ditto, 3 months 25 85 Lisbon
Marseilles
Bourdeaux 25 90 Rio Janeiro 2B
Frankfort on Maine... 150 i Bahia
Petersburgh, 3Us ... 37 Buenos Ayres
Perlin.....
.. . .