The Sun.
London, England, 1824-03-24 00:00:00

[MORNING HERALD.]

There is a great mistake on the part of many
Members in the House of Commons relative to
the bounty on linen. Many have asserted that
the bounty was the cause of the starting up of
the Linen Trade in the North and West of Ire-
land. This is a mistake. The cause for the
spreading of the linen trade in that part of Ire-
land was, that in most parts of the north the
cotton trade was superseding that of linen. The
lion. Members should know that if .a weaver
once .weaves cotton after he has been used to
linen, he never will, if he can help it, weave
a piece of linen. The reason is obvious—the
one is so• much easier to weave than the other.
Now, if the people in the north of Ireland
gave up weaving linen, and took to weaving
cotton, it stands to reason, provided the con-
sumption of linen remains the same, that
the . linen must be made somewhere elle;
and as the west and south parts of Ireland are
cheaper than the other districts, of course the
linen vrit.oll.li; isiok root in those parts. Now
we are 62 sri!.:ojeCt, w,e must notice the grant

of 10,0001. voted the other day for the Linen
Board of Ireland. Instead of the country being
taxed 10,0001. a year for such an establishment,
the Linen Halls of Dublin and Belfast ought to
yield a revenue of 10,0001. We wonder what
the silk, woollen, hardware, crockery-ware, cot-
ton, or cabinet manufacturers would say if
Mr. Robinson were to say to them—Gentle-
men, for your benefit I intend to give you
a Board each, which will cost the country
ten thousand pounds each Board ; and the
Boards to direct your trades shall consist of
Noblemen, Admirals, Generals, and Gentlemen.
What would the heads of these several trades say
to such a proposition ? We can almost fancy their
saying, " let us alone ; we want no Noblemen,
Admirals, Generals, or Gentlemen to protect our
manufactures." If Boards are good for one trade,
they are good for all ; there would be just as
much reason in a Crockery-ware Board as in one
for Linen. But if the Linen Track will have a
Board, they ought to pay for it. It is unjust that
the country should be taxed to pay for Linen
Boards, or to support bounties on linen goods.

[Burris"( ettEss.]
Brazil Papers to the 16th January reached us
yesterday. The Diario do Govern() contains se-
veral ordinances of the Brazilian Emperor. One
punder t
the
ea ofe
it) he et
elr Ott
hh
eo fFJirasitl;
account from Risohli
states that the
the frigates Perangaand Nitleroy,tialantd the
At-
lantic schooner,portot
were to sail fromi
an important expedition, under the command of
the Chief
Admiral, the Marquis of Maranham.—
The order was given on the 30th of December.
Another order directs Lord Cochrane to send out
the Atlanta on the 10th to Bahia, with the Bra-
zilian officer Caldeira Brant Pontes, who was to
be landed there with two English Officers of the
brig Bahia. A subsequent ordinance of the 13th
January, after a preamble, which states the de-
sire of Don Pedro to avoid all causes of
rivalship between the citizens of Brazil, what-
ever may be the place of their birth, and that
all may enjoy their rights, under the protection
of the law ; and on the other, that the tranquil-
lity of the empire may never be disturbed by the
influx of persons, who, under the name of friends,
and on pretence of desiring to settle, come with
sinister intentions to sow disorder, orders that the
Intendant General of Police, proceeding to the
most scrupulous examination, shall cause imme-
diately to quit Brazil all Portuguese who, having
arrived since or during the time of the decree of
the 14th Jan. 1823, have not taken in the Chamber
of that city the solemn oath of fidelity to the cause
of Brazil and the person of the Emperor, and also
all those who arrived since the decree of the 20th
of November of the same year. Circular letters
to the same effect were sent to all the provinces.
By a subsequent ordinance of the 16th, Don
Pedro restricts the admissions to holy orders,
and orders the Bishop not to admit persons with-
out his special permission. Priest's orders,
.how-
over, to be given to those already ordained in
sacris. This restriction was necessary, from the
crowd of Priests and Friars in Brazil. The De-
cree states justly, " That the numbers of the
" Ministers of the Church ought not to be in-
" creased without real necessity, depriving the
cc country of the arms of those who might defend
"it against its enemies." Other ordinances re-
late to delays in the proceedings and condemna-
tion of prizes ; and the Reporter in these causes
is ordered to give an account without delay of the
cases which have been decided in the first instance,
and of the causes which have retarded their pro-
gress. The Emperor referred to the Board of
Commerce the petitions of Brazilian merchants at
Rio, who complained of having paid higher duties
than the British merchants. Addresses had been
forwarded to Don Pedro from various places, ap-
proving of the liberal Constitution proposed by
him, and requesting that it should be proclaimed
as a law of the empire, without waiting for the
decision of a future assembly. The conduct of
the American Emperor appears, on the whole,
liberal and moderate, and Brazil is rapidly in-
creasing in commerce and power.

[MORNING POST.]

En the House of Commons last night Mr. Se-
cretary Peel moved for leave to bring in a Bill to
continue the Alien Act for two years. In order
to reconcile the House to the propriety of re-
newing that Act so long after the termination of
war, the Right Hon. Gentleman entered into
extensive historical researches, to shew that by
ancient custom the Crown had exercised a re-
straint over the admission of Aliens. He also
proved that it had not been' abused, and that in
the course of ten years only seventeen persOns
had been sent out of the country under its
operation He declared that it had never
been applied at the suggestion of any Fo-
reign Power, and that not one person had
ever been refused admission into this country
on account of political opinions in his own.—
" England, on the contrary, had opened her
ports to men of all countries, and sustained her
high character of affording asylum to the perse-
cuted." What, however, contributed most to
induce the majority of the House to support the
Bill, was the announcement that it was proposed
to exempt from its operation all Aliens who
should have resided constantly for a space of
seven years in this country. The number of
such amounted, according to the Right Hon. Se-
cretary, to no less than 10,000 persons, and
formed nearly one half of all the Aliens at
present in the three kingdoms. Mr. Hobhouse
opposed the measure on the ground of its
being a pledge of undue subserviency to other
Powers, and moved an amendment, declaring
" that the Alien Bill was a disgrace to
th• Statute Book, and that to renew it for
any period whatever, however limited, would be
injurious to the character of Englishmen abroad,
and destructive of the principles of their Consti-
tution at home." Mr. Wynn supported the ori-
ginal motion, not from the fear that this Govern-
ment would he disturbed by the machinations of
foreigners, but on the ground that this country
should not be suffered to become the focus of plots
against the Governments of other countries. After
a discussion, in which Sir James Mackintosh, Mr.
Wm. Larnb, Lord John Russell, Mr. Warre, Mr.

Hutchinson, and Lord Althorp took part, th e
House divided, and the amendment was rejected
by a majority of 131 to 70. Leave to bring in the
Bill was then obtained by another division, and
a majority of 130 to 73. On the question, that
it be read a first time, Mr. Hume called upon
Mr. Secretary Canning to state. why he gave his
sanction to such a measure, and moved that the
Bill be read that day six. months. Mr. Can-
ning, finding it impossible to resist the 4C win-
ning way" of the Honourable Gentleman, stated
that a case could but rarely arise, and could
not long continue, when such extraordinary
powers would be necessary in this country. He
did think that they had been so for some time ;
he did not think that that time had passed away,
but he thought that the evil which they
were intended to meet had diminished, and in
proportion as he thought so, he was willing to
diminish the safeguard. He did not think that
and in proportion as
this was the case,
he desired still to retain the
it had wholly passed away,
law in question. Whenever the period came at
which the Alien Bill could be wholly dispensed
with, no man would hail its arrival with more
joy than he should. The House then divided
again, and the amendment having been thrown
out by a majority of 129 to 69, the Bill was
read a first time, and ordered for a second read-
ing on Friday. Mr. Bankes then moved for
a Select Committee to consider whether
the new Buildings erected by the side of
Westminster Hall, to contain the Courts of
Justice, and which he described as a mass of
deformity, should be wholly or in part pulled
down. The Chancellor of the Exchequer opposed
the motion on the ground that it was not expedient
to pull down that which was so nearly com-
pleted. On a division however the House went
with Mr. Bankes and the appointment of the
Committee was carried by a majority of 43 to 30.

[NEW TIMES•
The result of the French Elections will
doubless surprise many persons in this country.
The numbers returned are thus estimated by the
Journal des Debats

Royalists - - - - 413
Liberals - - - - 17-430
The whole number ought to be 434, but four
are accounted for by double elections of the
same Candidate for different Departments or
Arrondissements. The French Journalist exults
greatly at the vast majority of Royalists, and
thinks that the Session is about to open under
most brilliant auspices. A contemporary on
this side of the water draws from it very
different inferences. Both are perhaps a little
in error. We must confess, that if the distinc-
tionse
really
of party throughout France were to be only
those two, the representation, as above stated,
would shew a great defect in the system ; for one
bt iea a
the at
all.
Case. But
lVe believew
great portion of the people would in effect be
withoutaetii y s,epitie.ssetuota
the party called Liberals in France to be
like those called Radicals in England,
who some
time since were raised by events I •
nto a temporary
popularity, but have now fallen back into their
original insignificance. We could, perhaps, if it
were not invidious, point to as many as seventeen
of our own Liberals, who are nearly in as desti-
tute a state, politically speaking, as their brethren
in France. Such men are only of consequence
in times of confusiotr and revolution. Our real
and permanent Opposition is an aristocratic
body ; and the great want of France is
a body of sbnilar independence among its
aristocracy. An Opposition, headed by such
persons as BenJanlin Constant, Manuel, La
Fayette, &c. Sce• Cannot have any real weight :
France wants I3edfords and Hamiltons, Gros-
venors and Lansdnwns ; but these it will be
long before she will be able to form from her
impoverished Noblesse. It appears to us that
the error of the Journal des Debals and that
of The Courier is the same. They calculate
mere votes, without considering the personal
influence of their Possessors. Four hundred
and thirteen indiviquals, at the mere dispo-
sal of the Court, would afford the French Jour-
nalist no real cause for exultation ; for they
would neither add strength to the Crown, nor
form any defence for the liberties of the nation.
While, on the other hand, 17 Members of large
property and commanding talent would form by
no means so inefficient an Opposition as The
Courier seems to suppose. In fact, however,
we believe it will be found that the 413
Royalists are of different shades and descrip-
tions of Royalism ; and now that they have
overthrown the common enemy Liberalism,
they will probably divide into separate bodies
with very marked distinctions. In one thing they
doubtless will agree, namely, an attachment to
the Bourbon Family ; but it is desirable that all
parties in a Representative Government should
agree in attachment to the reigning Dynasty. The
Liberal party, now nearly excluded from the
Chamber, all hated the Bourbons—we are not now
inquiring whether they hated them with or without
reason—but such being their real sentiments, they
had no business in the Legislature ; they were out
of the pale of the Constitution, just as those
persons are among us, who profess Republi-
canism, and look up to the United States of
America as the model of political excellence.
Such persons may be very sincere, they may be
honest and amiable men, but they have no busi-
ness to undertake any political trust under the
British Constitution.

Letters from Buenos Ayres, dated 4th Dec.
state, that the Indians had assembled in great
force within ten leagues of Buenos Ayres, de-
feating the Buenos Ayres troops in every in-
stance, and putting to death every one who hap-
pened to fall into their power. They had cut off
all communication with Chili. The latest accounts,
however, state that the Indians had retired a little.

The guards and mail-coachmen who arrived in
town yesterday, stated the great fall of snow
they in general experienced in the early part of
the morning, which continued without intermis-
sion from two till their arrival in Lombard-street.
The waters are also out in many places ; at

llockley-in-the-Hole, near Woburn, in Bedford-
shire, it was up to the girths of the horses. In
several parts of Buckinghamshire it snowed on
Monday the whole clay.

FOR THE SUN NEWSP4PER,
Which has ever been found to advocate " the In-
tegrity of Nations," and the maintenance of
the just Balance of Power in Europe.

MR. EDlTOR—Observing, that through motives
of justice and humanity you have given insertion to letters
addressed to you from such of our countrymen as are holders of
Spanish Bonds, I trust that you will strenuously continue to co-
operate with your respectable contemporaries, in endeavOuring
to place in its true light the unjust and cruel state in which
some hundreds, nay, perhaps thousands, of British families
may be placed, should any step be taken contrary to the
" Good Faith of Nations," derogatory to the true inte-
rests of Monarchy, and the ultimate welfare of his Most
Catholic Majesty. It may be fairly asked, in the first place,
whether the authority for raising the said Spanish Loan
or did, did not, in any ways receive the Royal sanction ?
and, secondly, I may ask, whether the holders of such Bonds
were not led to suppose, from the circumstance of the different
Ambassadors remaining tacit sptctators at Madrid,. and conti-
nuing to be accredited to the Government of the King and the
Cortes, during a space of near three years, that this fact must
and did necessarily tend to lead thousands to suppose that at
all events the Loan alluded to was a most sacred obligation on
the part of the entire Spanish Nation. And down to the period
of the most unjust aggression on the part of France (for so it was
termed by our own Parliament and our own Ministers),no doubt
had been entertained of the validity of the Bonds issued.—All
this I say cannot but prove the just claim and title to protection
that we have from our own Government : (to whom else can
we apply for real help ?)—and since such assertions were made by
the Legislators of our Country, why should not our situation
create in them some commiseration and consideration, and why
should not those national obligations of Spain be fully re-
cognised by his Catholic Majesty—since his Majesty's sig-
nature and sanction thereto was even considered and acknow-
ledged by the Cortes as absolutely necessary to their creation.
Surely a wise and good Monarch could not be the first to fly
from his own word, though the act of signing such a document
might in some measure be contrary to his desire; such being
therefore the case, to the extent of the contract signed by his
Catholic Majesty, to such extent then should the recog-
nition take place ; or the sum thus raised be at once refunded
to the Contractors for the use of the Bond holder.—With as
much justice and more might his Most Christian Majesty have
annulled all the anterior and posterior obligations of the Na-
poleon Government. Had the different Courts—themselves, or
by their Ambassadors then resident at Madrid, given, by the
slightest hint, to understand that the Loans then creating by
the Cortes were contrary :to the interests of his Catholic Ma-
jesty, or in any wise injurious to the general well-being
of mankind, from such silent interference only no pru-
dent person would have thought of holding such security ;
such an act,
we I
airneayi safely ysay, would have prevented all the
dread,—and I further add, that it
would have been more fortunate for the world if his Catholic
Majesty had not, under such circumstance, given his Sign
Manual to Papers of so highly an important nature, in as
much as it regarded and affected the subjects of other States,
their welfare and their happiness, unless, as he had declared,
that it was his intention to fulfil the same : the sum had (at
all events) been raised, and was mostly expended in Spain. I
may also further add, that from history, personal knowledge,
and the speeches of our Prime Minister, and the Right Honour-
able the Secretary for Foreign Affairs, a strong impression was
created, and which led the public mind, especially in England,
to imagine, and with just reason too, that the Ministers of this
country would never consent to throw Spain and her entire re-
sources into the hands of the Bourbon Government, after the
enormous sacrifices we had so oftentimes made to prevent the
same. I shall therefore conclude, Mr. Editor, by observing,
that if the principle of the non-recognition of the entire Loan
of the King and Cortes of Spain is once put in practice, and
thus sanctioned by the different Governments of Europe, they
cannot, or ought not but to suppose that they themselves are
giving a most deadly wound to national faith," and the best
interests of monarchy. None more than this great commercial
and speculating nation, ought to feel the force of this remark.
When the ties of obligation are broken, and morality dispensed
with amongst nations, the foundations of society and the strength
of Empires cannot but fail.—Requesting the favour of your in-
sertion of this Letter in your truly valuable Paper,
I remain, Sir,
Your most obedient servant,
Deal, 20th March, 1824. 111. a H.
P.S. The number of persons and families about these parts
that have been led to place the greatest confidence in the Bonds
of the King and Cortes, is, I am sorry to say, very great, and it
will be sad indeed if so much British capital is to be thus sa-
crificed, even in part only.; for the same reasons that are made
to invalidate a part, must in point of honour and justice invali-
date the whole, and more particularly prove the great injustice
of such a proceeding.

COURSE OF EXCHANGE, March 23.
Amato dant
Ditto, at Sight
Rotterdam l2 2
Antwerp l2 A
Hamburg!' 37 6 2f, Us
Altona
...
Paris,3 Day's sight 2S 60 0 Us.
Ditto
Boiirdeaux, ditto
Berlin
Frankforton the Alain
. Petersburgh 9
Vienirt
Trieste lO 9
Alatirid
Cadiz
Bilboa 25 Effective
Barcelona
srville

Gibraltar

Leghorn 461
Getnia .... 13i-Venice, Ital. Liv 27 0
Malta 45 -Naples 384
Pale MI o
Lisbon .
Oporto
ilioJaneiro
Bahia . 60
Dublin .... 91 Cork 91 pet Ceut.
BULLION.

Portugal Gold,in Colt, 1 .0 0 0 petlia,
Foreign Gold, in Bats 3 17 6
New Doubloons
New Dollars 0 4 Si*
Silver itt Barg, Standard 0 0 0

There is presently living at East Kilbridge,
Lanarkshire, a veteran of the name of THOMAS RUTH-
VEX, aged eighty-seven years. He enlisted into the Royal
Scots Greys in the year 1756, being then nineteen years of
age ; he served under Prince Ferdinand 1., at the battle of
Bergin ; second, at the battle of Minden ; third, at the battle of
Fellinghousie ; fourth, at the battle of Warsburgh ; fifth, at the
battle on the Plains of Lows ; and sixth, at the battle of
Williamsburgh. Besides these general engagements, he was at
16 different skirmishes with the enemy, all in Germany, after
which he was discharged ; he again enlisted in the Argyles, or
98th Regiment, commanded by Colonel Campbell, of Loch-
neil, and General Clark, under whom he fought at a general
engagement with the enemy at the Cape of Good Hope in
the year 1794, besides being engaged in several skirmishes.—
He was latterly discharged at the Cape of Good Hope in the year
1790, with a pension or one shilling sterling a day. During his
long service, and the general engagements and skirmishes at
which he fought, as before noticed, the only wound he received
was from a sabre in his groin, when engaged in a skirmish at
Scrurnburgh. The said Thomas Ruthven is married to a
cleanly good woman for his third wife, he also enjoys tolerable
good health, retains his faculties almost unimpaired, walks as
straight and light footed as the general part of mankind at the
age of 59.—( Glasgow Chronicle.)