The Sun.
London, England, 1841-03-10 00:00:00

frill SY:7c, LONDON, IVEDNI-4:SDNY, MARCH 10, 1841

INDIA,

CALCUTTA, JAN. 22,

TI .e character f rlr a advises on bit h sides of the Isthmus
cf &ex is now suet as to inspire f:11 confidence in the
mainteha ce of peace, and to lea I to a a el'-grounded hope
ihat the commerce and alriw:titre of British India will
fed, at no di,tsnt period, a fresh stimulu3 from tl.e
prosperity of E glish manufacture:, and the effects of a
just and equal system cf duties on Indian produce.
Our affAirs in the north-west of India and in Affghanistan
are in a st.tisfactory position. The reinforcements in
Sdnde have secured one good base of military operations,
and, whatever may be the result cf the different pretensions
to the rule of the Punjaub, there can Jrardly be a doubt
that the influence of the British Government in Indi.t must
be strengthened, and its authority, if not territory, incl. eised
in that quarter.
With Nepaul and Ava there is no reason to suppose
that any hostilities will occur.
The Government having just notified that the rate of ex-
change for advances on produce will be 2s. Id. in lieu of
2s. 21, a considerable increase of the exports cf all our
staples may to anticipated in the next two ori three months,
and much ac ivity in emir markets.
The exports of sugor still continue on a large se tle, hay.
ing in the year 1840 been to Great Bri ain 53,000 tons,
against 25,500-tons in the preceding year; but this quantity,
large as it is, is by no means commensurate with the apparent
wants of Great Britain, and with what India is capable of sup-
plying under fair encouragement by the equalization of the
duties on the produce of all British colonies.
In indigo much less has been done up to this period than
during the corresponding period of last year, but the prices
of the finer sorts have been well maintained, and have very
nearly reached those of last year.
The intelligence from China, up to the date of the de-
parture of the regular mail, on the 17th inst., was such as ap-
parently to menace nothing but violent hostility as the inevi-
tittle termination, though by the news up to the 18th Decem-
ber, it appears that the Imperial envoy Keshen had so far
shown a desire to conciliate, by releasing Mr. Stanton, the
gentleman who had been kidnapped at Macao, and it is slid has
offered to pay $5,002,000, or about • 1,000,0001. sterling, in
full of all demands, and to reopen the trade ; still he has
gained the point of not going to treat personally with Captain
Elliot, and the negotiation on his part was carried on through
inferior mandarins.

The preparations for defence appear to be unremitting, and
a report on the state of the Bogus forts by an officer deputed
for the purpose has been published, in which they are declared
to be impregnable. The tone of all the public reports and
documents is of unmeasured hostility to the English, and the
popular feeling at Canton is said to have been highly excited
against Keshen, who, it was rumoured, intended to proceed to
the.Bogue to meet Captain Elliot.
The most unsatisfactory termination that could happen, and
what, to judge from Captain Elliot's proceedings hitherto,
I fear is not unlikely, would be the patching up of peace for
the sake of securing an early reopening of the trade.

We are glad to observe that the mercantile community of
Bombay are eager to call the attention of Parliament to the
state of the proceedings adopted on behalf of the British Go-
vernment toxards the Chinese. We subjoin the copy of a pe-
tition on this subject which has been proposed and circulated
for signatures :
TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE LORDS SPIRITUAL AND
TEMPORAL OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRI-
TAIN AND IRELAND, IN PARLIAMENT ASSEMBLED.
The humble petition of the undersigned European and
native merchants, resident at Bombay, in the East
Indies.
Showeth—That your petitioners are all engaged in trade
at Bombay, one of the most considerable and important
branches of which trade has hitherto been the commerce with
China.

That previous to the late interruption the annual exports to
China amounted to 2,568,5031., and the imports to 1,669,1931.,
while it has always formed a most valuable channel of remit-
tance, and afforded in this ',respect the greatest facilities to the
direct trade between Great Britain and India, and has besides
given employment to a large number of vessels, not only be-
longing to shipowners in Great Britain, but also to native
merchants resident in Bombay, the latter of burden from 400
to 1,400 tons each, solely engaged in this branch of commerce.
That early in the year 1839 this valuable trade was suddenly
interrupted, under circumstances so well known to your Right
Honourable House as to render any detail of them here unne-
cessary, and up to the latest date from China, 17th December,
1840, it was still obstructed.
That though a partial trade has been carried on since the
first interruption occurred, yet the merchants genera'ly have
been unwilling to risk property in it, and this fact is evidenced
by the official returns of the Bombay Custom-house for the
year from the Ist of May, 1839, to the 30th of April, 1840,
which give the value of the exports at 634,2401., and the im-
ports at 405,059., exhibiting a decrease from the amount
already stated for the same period in 1838-39 of 2,034,263/.
in the exports, and in the imports 1,294,135/. Not only,
however, has the interruption with China resulted in the de-
pression of the direct trade with that conntry, but has also
occasioned a serious and extensive derangement of the other
branches of general trade.
That a period of nearly two years has elapsed since the first
obstruction of trade, and by the latest intelligence its speedy
re-establishment on a firm, stable, and honourable footing con-
tinues uncertain.

That your petitioners, without inquiring into the nature of
the instruction received by the British authorities in China, or
how they have been followed, would now briefly draw the at-
tention of your Right Honourable House to the events as they
occurred during this period. In May, 1839, all British sub-
jects were expelled from Canton, and the trade virtually
closed. On the 21st of June, 1840, Commodore Sir J. J. G.
Bremer, with the first division of the expedition, arrived at Ma-
cao, proclaimed a blockade of the river and port of Canton, and
sailed to the northward. On the 28th idem the Admiral also
entered Macao, and two (lays afterwards followed Commodore
Bremer with the second division. The sth of July was
marked by the capture of Chusan and the occupation of
the island by the British troops. On the 29th of July
the Admiral and Captain Elliot, the Superintendent, pro-
ceeded to Pe-che-lee, where they arrived on the 10th of Au-
gust. On the 30th of August Captain Elliot held a confer-
ence with the Imperial Commissioner Keshen, when it was ar-
ranged, at the request of the latter, that further negotiations
should take pl ice at Canton, whither it was understood the
Emperor would send a High Commissioner to ti eat on his
part. On the 21st of November the Admiral returned to
Macao, and about the same time Keshen, the High Commis-
sioner deputed by the Emperor, also arrived at Canton. On
the 29th of November the resignation of the Admiral was pub-
licly announced, and it was notified that his duties as Commis-
sioner had devolved on the remaining Commissioner, Capt.
Elliot. On the 4th of December, at Canton, Keshen is stated
to have declined to meet her Majesty's Plenipotentiaries, and
that the 1 Ater gave notice that they would await him until the
17th, when, in the event of his non-arrival, they would imme-
diately have recourse to hostilities—which is the latest intelli-
gence your petitioners have received.
That the demonstrations of the force of the British arms
which took place at Chusan, Macao, and on some occasions
along the coast, struck terror and consternation for the time
into the minds of such Chinese as were witnesses to them, and
led all interested in the success of the expedition to anticipate
the best results from its future progress ; but in the interval
which has been allowed to elapse the effect has been greatly
diminished, if not entirely lost, for it would appear by the last
intelligence that the mandarins and other officers at Canton
have again assumed the haughty tone of insolence which be-
fore marked their behaviour.
That though the facts already stated clearly demonstrate
how much the intere,ts of the port of Bombay in particular
are affected by whatever stops or interrupts the British
trade with China, and prove that your petitioners are
not led to make the present appeal to your Right
Honourable House without strong and urgent reasons tor
so doing, yet in a general point of view the question is one
of such magnitude and imp stance, involving as it does alike
the direct trade between China and England, and that between

India and China, and the large revenues derived both by the
British and Indian Governments from these important
branches of commerce, that your petitioners are the more
confident in now praying that your Right Honou, able House
may be pteased to take the subject of our present relations
with China into early and favourable consideration, with the
view of urging the Government to adopt such vigorous and
decided measures as may seem to your Right Honourable, House
best calculated to effect the speedy renewal of the trade on a
firm and permanent footing, such as may tend alike to the se-
curity of property and to the honour of the British name.
And your petitioners, &c.

SCINDE, CABUL, AND KOHISTAN.
(From the Overland Courier.)
These three localities, the intelligence from which has occu-
pied so large a portion of our space for months past, require
this month but little room to be devoted to their affairs. When
we were nearly ready for press, we received letters from Sukkur
of the 15th, and Candahar to he 4th January, the substance of
which we subjoin as the very latest intelligence from these
once more war-threatened regions. The following is from the
pen of a Correspondent, to whom we are under heavy obliga-
tions-for Cutchee intelligence, and on whose accuracy the moat
implicit reliance may be placed:—
" Our letters from &uncle inform us thst our troops are
likely to be fully engaged—the wing of the 40th and 21st, and
a body of irregular h6rse, left Shikarpore for Poolajee on the
15th—the cavalry, the 41st, and Captain Pontardent's artillery
are expected to follow in a day or two. The latest news is of
n character. we would seareely have expected, and the details
are not known; but the Murrees are reported to have broken
from the negotiations with Captain Brown at Lehree, in a very
sudd, n way, and to have returned to the hills, taking with them
• -

Behoe Gunjan.
Letters from Candahar also mention that the country is in
a state of insurrection, and that the instigator to the rebellion
is proved to be Yai Mahomed of Herat. In a day or two we
shall have more of this news, and be enabled to judge better of

its correctness.
The troops at Darfur seem to suffer considerably from ulcers,
a species of troublesome complaint well known to all who were
engaged in last year's campaign. At Shikarpore also fever
was prevalent among the Queen's troops, which was attri-
buted to the great variations of temperature, the thermometer
being in the morning 27 without a tent, and rising to 133 de-
grees during the day.

PROPOSED DISTRIBUTION OF THE SCINDE
ARMY.
Quetta.-4th Troop Horse Artil!ery, 1 Company Golun-
d tuze, 1 Company t.,appers and Miners, 3d Cavalry her Ma-
jesty's 40th Regiment, 20th and 21st Regiments Bombay Na-
tive Infantry, and 2 Ilissalas Skinner's Horse.
Khelat.—Half a Cnmpany of Gulundauze, and the 25th
Bombay Native Infantry.
Dadur.—Half a Company of Golundauze, and the 6th Bom-
bay Native Infantry, -
Shikarpore.—Scinde Horse.
Sukkur.—lst and 2d Grenadiers, and 23d Regiment Native
Infantry.
Kurachee--Her Majesty's 41st Regiment, aid sth and Bth
Bombay Native Infantry.
Our latest inte'ligence from Candahar of January 4, re-
ceived by way of Upper Scinde, gives very unsatisfactory ac-
counts of the state of the country. An insurrection had
broken out, which fortunately was detected in time and nipped
in the bud, otherwise the whole country would speedil) have
been up in arms. An engagement had taken place 'about the
beginning of the month, betwixt the 2d Benoit Native In-
fantry, with a couple of field-pieces, and about 1,200 of the
rebels. Particulars have not reached us further than that•tno
guns were taken, and some 60 of the enemy slain by U 3 ; while
eight of our men, with one native officer, were killed, and two
Lieutenants wounded. The worst part of the matter is, that
the present insurgents are the Dooranees themselves, the osten-
sib!e supporters of the Schah Soojah, and it is known that had
anything occurred to p 'stpone discovtry, or prevent our im-
mediate and entire success, a general insurrection would have
ensued. Every man belonging to the army of the Indus who
can be spared from Scinde and Cutchee is on march towards
Quetta.

official instructions to " protect" all the Greeks who might
demand their assistance against local oppressions. At Damas-
cus a circular letter had been addressed to the resident Consuls
by the Archbishops and Bishops of all the Christian sects and
churches of that country against the persecutions practised on
the Jews. After receiving the Sultan's envoy and &a-ms on
the 20th ult., Mehemet Ali visited and inspected the Great Li-
verpool steamer.

Mehemet Ali was very busy in raising money, and had de-
manded a loan of 100,000 dollars, without interest, for a year,
from each of seven of the principal houses in Alexandria It
was expected that he would obtain it, notwithstanding the sin-
gularity of the demand, and the precariousness of his position.
ALEXANDRIA, FEB. 17.
Ibrahim Pacha is still at Gaza with the remains of his army,
now reduced to 5,000 men. His father has been in great
anxiety respecting him since he became acquainted with the
intended treachery of the Turks to permit his forces to become
weakened at Gaza by exchanges and embarkations, and then
to fall upon him and the remainder, and to exterminate them.
I understand that the British officers on the coast (Colonel
Rose, Major Wilbrahim, Captain Stuart, &c.) had considerable
difficulty in persuading them to firego their atrocious scheme.
Ibrahim would probably have embarked for Damietta on the
14th inst., if the severe N. W. gales had not cut off all com-
munication between the shore and the shipping. The captain
of the Haji Baba steamer, which was w- icing to receive him,
believing his vessel to be in danger, slipped his cable and stood
out to sea to save it. He returned hither on the 15th, merely
bringing the news that Ibrahim was better, and that the -ves-
sels remaining there, two frigates and two brigs, were in great
danger of driving ashore, especially as they had all suffered in
the previous gales.
If we are to believe the official news from Constantinople,
everything has been arranged in favour of Mehemet Ali, for
the firman restoring to him the government of Egypt in here-
dite has been publicly read, and we are now in expectation of
the speedy arrival of the Commissioners, who were to leave the
Sublime Porte on the 15th instant, bringing a splendid dia-
mond decoration to throw a brilliancy over the reinvestiture
of the Pacha, &c. ; but private advices exhibit things in a
very different light, and anticipate anything but a reign of
peace and good will towards Mehemet Ali. Ostensibly every
justice will be rendered to him, but the " certain just and in-
dispensable conditions" alluded to will be made as onerous as
possible , • in fact, impossible to fulfil, either to the letter or in
spirit, and so as to leave the unfortunate Pacha and his heirs
at the mercy of the Sublime diphoatists to the end of the
chapter. The strict and hasty enforcement of the treaty of
commerce and navigation with England would alone suffice to
upset all existing financial arrangements in Egypt, and compel
the Pacha to declare himself bankrupt; for everything here is
a State monopoly, conducted on the most coercive and in-
deed ignorant and wastefulsprinciples; but, although England
will, of course, have patience and consideration, it does not
rest with England to save him harmless. The Sultan may
claim the right to enforce the Hatti Sheriff, and this also
involves the total alteration of all social, administrative, and
productive arrangements in Egypt. Every native here
is the Pacha's slave, and be works and treats them accordingly.
If it were once ruled by the Sultan that " the labourer is wor-
thy of his hire," and that the labour is his personal property,
Mehemet Ali could not move a step comme tordinaire, with-
out committing the high treason of disobeying him.
We hear that the four Consuls-General are speedily ex-
pected : their flag-staffs are even now in progress of re-erec-
tion. Colonel Rue, of Leghorn, it is said, comes to replace
M. Cochelet, on the part of France ; and a M. Kudriafsky
comes in lieu of M. Laurin, on that of Austria.

FEBRUARY 22.

We have arrived at a serious crisis in the affairs of Egypt.
Submission has been made, pardon granted, power restored,
and official formalities fulfilled to the letter, yet there is " no
peace," nor any prospect of it at present ! The Sultan's fir-
mans have arrived, acid been received with all the honours.
The Pacha declares his gratitude and high contentment, and
is more dissatisfied than ever ! He accepts his restoration, of
course ; but protests against the conditions " with which his
enemies would fetter the Sultan's act of grace," as alike dan-
gerous to his power, his honour, and the existence of himself
and his family
The first firman conveys the Pacha's pardon and restoration
in heredite to the Government of the Pachalic of Egypt.
The second declares the necessity of the practical execution
of the Hatti Scheriff of Gulhane, and that the Pacha, shall not
build any more vessels of war without the permission of the
Sultan.

The third. nominates Mehemet' Ali Pacha of Sennaar,
(a new title in the Ottoman Empire), and expressly pro-
hibits the practices of hunting for slaves and making eunucs.
The Pacha declares himself perfectly satisfied with theze
written conditions, but very dissatisfied indeed with some
which the Envoy Extraordinary has announced to him as not
less indispensable to aceedc to. 'I hese are understood to be
his recognition of the Sultan's military, naval, commercial,
and financial commissioners, who are to reside here to assist
him in the administration of these departments. The three
y ears'kdebt of tribute is to be paid up under the superinten-
dence of this commission (it now amounts to 17,000,000
piasters, or 170,0001., which the Pacha does not dispute),
and the future years are equally to be entrusted to their
charge, but under a new valuation,—a proportion of the
entire revenue of Egypt, which, on dit, is intended
to be taken at 25 per cent. The Commercial Commis-
sioners will chiefly have to see the Treaty of Commerce
and Navigation with England fairly carried out—a point
which the Pacha has frequently promised to fulfil when he had
a little leisure ; but on which, in fact, nothing has 3et been
done. In naval matters, it is understood, only a partial dis-
arming of his large fleet wilt be demanded at present ; but the
contemplated Changes in the military department are extensive
and sweeping. The army will, it is said, be required to be re-
duced to 20,000 men, and the Pacha precluded from nominat-
ing to a higher rank than an Adjutant without the approba-
tion of the Porte. The affair of the individual succession is
to be reserved for the especial consideration and choice of the
Sultan ; and, when the occasions shall severally arise, he is to
exercise the privilege of nominating to the Pachalick of Egypt
whichever of the family of Mehemet Ali he may deem most
fitting to assume the reins of Government.
The last requisition is deemed by the Pacha the most in-
supportable of all He has openly declared to Commodore
Napier that he will not submit to such an interference with
his paternal authority, nor consent to an arrangement which
would clearly be male the means of sowing the seed of discord
and death amongst his offspring. He has not, I understand,
much objection to the appointment of the Naval and Com-
mercial Commissioners, especially as these may be considered
henceforth almost " British departments" in the Levant; but
he avows that the appointment of the other two (financial and
military) authorities would virtually deprive-him of all prac-
tical powers of government, and render his authority and titles
mockeries un übstantial and dangerous. The Commodore ap-
pears much interested in the fate of the Pacha, and awaits his
answer to the Sultan's Envoy before he sets out to join the
Admiral at Marmorice. At present he expects to leave this
to-morrow in the Stromboli steamer.
The presents sent by the Sultan consist of the Order of
Nishan Iftikar in brilliants, a sabre, a harvani or robe of ho-
nour, and a fez, with a chaleuk or aigrette of diamonds in the
front. The Pacha has accepted the first, second, and third, as
marks of investiture, but begs to decline the ornamental cap,
as not well becoming his aged head.
His sou Ibrahim was safely landed at Damietta by the Haji
Baba steamer, which arrived here iesterday from Gaza (to-
gether with the Nile), bringing Lieutenant Loring, of the
Carysfort, and the remnant of the Egyptian army, whose safe
departure he had stayed to witness both by land and sea.
Ibrahim is much better for his repose at Gaza, and the attend-
ance of the surgeon of the Benbow—not the surgeon attached
to the staff of General Jochmus, as we had been erroneously
informed. It appears that this officer will have a serious ac-
count to render for the consequences of his proceedings in op-
posing the retreat of Ibrahim, after positive orders to the con-
trary from the British officers in authority on the coast. We
are assurred that no less than 12,000 Egyptian troops, beside
women and children unnumbered, fell a sacrifice to the yin-
tlictive policy which he followed up so pertinaciously.
Mehemet Ali appears to have made up his mind that he must
be prepared to defend himself eventually, for he had ordered
(previous to the arrival of the firmans) the French Colonel of
_Engineers still here to make a survey for the execution of pro-
per fortifications around Alexandria.
We have more bad news from Syria. The Sultan's Alba-
nians statioesed at Beyrout have quarrelled with the moun •
taineers of Leltanon, and the latter are now shouldering their
muskets on their own account, ready to set Sultan and every-
body at defiance. Next, the plague is making progress at
Jaffa, Acre, and along the Syrian coast. Lastly, the Jews at
Damascus are in trouble again, as appears by a circular letter,
dated the 24th January, signed by the archbishops and bishops
of the various Christian sects and churches of tint Pachalic,
and addressed to the several European consuls residing there,
praying them to use their influence to put a stop to the perse-
cution to which the Jews are now subjecting them.
The homeward-bound Turkish fleet was met by Fird Bey
off Kelymos, on the 16th February, and Walker Pacha's ship,
the Mahmoudieh, in the Sett of Marmora.
The Pacha had expressed his intention, from the first ap-
pearance of the Great Liverpool steamer in his harbour, to
visit and inspect it ; and on the arrival of Captain Engledue,
on the 19th inst., informed him that he would have the plea-
sure to go on board the next day. The next day, then, al-
though the Sultan's Envoy Extraordinary arrived with his fir-
mans of investiture, he contrived to fulfil his promise subse-
quent to the audience, and at 2 o'clock appeared on board of
the stean'er, accompanied by Hekekian Bey and Khosrew Ef-
fendi, as interpreters, Sarni Bey, Achmet Ferzi Paella (the
traitor), kc. He entered the cabin and seated himself about
ten minutes, admiring the happy combination of arrange-
ments for ornament and use, but refusing to partake of any
refreshment. He was afterwards conducte through the yes-
s,l by Captain Engledue, inquiring into the uses and ad-
vantages of the various novelties that presented themselves ;
even carried his curiosity so far as the cowhouse. He
examined the wool of the fine breed of sheep 'brought
hither in the steamer on their way to India, and waited pa-
tiently to be introduced to a fine English pig; but the pig
was obstinate, squealed lustily, and would not be presented.
Captain Engledue next exhibited the effect of a new detonat-
ing lock for cannon of his own invention, and at the Pacha's
desire placed it in the hands of Mohamed Bey, the naval ar-
chitect, to have some made for the Egyptian guns. Commo-
dore Napier, Commander Williams, and Fird Bey had also as-
sembled on boasi the Great Liverpool, and at the Pacha's invi-
tation accompanied him on board his own three-decker Accra,
or "No. 6,' to witness the exercise of the Egyptian sailors at
their guns. The performance, on the French system, was as
good" as could well be expected," and the Pacha appeared much
pleased with the commendations of the British officers. Sub-
sequently, by the Pacha's previous invitation, Captain En-
gledue went through the exercise of the British navy, and ex-
plained the points of difference, with the advantages arising
from them. The Pacha has ordered that a number of his young
men, who speak English, shall be in readiness to receive the
imstructions of Captain Engledue on his next visit to Alexandria.
Captain Engledue is further charged to bring out to Egypt for
the Pacha a small steamer, for the river Nile, of the most ins-
proved construction.
The Great Liverpool performed the trip this time as fol-
lows;—It left Southampton at 8 a.m. on the Ist of February,
vith the mails of the 31st of January ; arrived at Falmouth at
h elf-past 2 a.m. on the 2d of February, and left at 3 p.m.
same day, with the mails of the 30th only (the Southampton
station enabling the Post-office to despatch the mail next after
that already sent to Falmouth); arrived at Gibraltar, after a
b ad passage, at 7 p.m. on the 9th of February, and sailed at
1 a.m. on the 10th, after six hours' stoppage ; arrived at
Malta at 2 a.m. on the 14th ; stayed 21 hours, and left at 11
p.m. on the same night, and arrived off Alexandria at 2 p.m.
on the 19th instant. The outworks of the paddle-boxes suf-
fered something in the heavy weather off Gibraltar, and the
Paella's workmen are now engaged upon the repairs with all
the aid which his arsenal can afford. He will not hear of any
remuneration.
The plague continues in Alexandria, and is still on the in-
crease. The entire of last month the cases were only 32,
out of which 20 are marked deaths. Of this month only 22
days are elapsed, and we have already 39 cases, out of which
16 have been fatal. Dr. Grassi is pursuing his mission at
Tanta, on the Nile, where the great fair is held every Au-
gust, followed by another in a neighbouring town, named
Mohaleb Kebir. The plague is scarcely ever out of these
two places, 17 died in Tanta per diem last August, and
since then the cases have been varying with the population,
which still keeps up, in consequence of its commercial repute,
the love of traffic still attracting crowds of strangers thither,
despite of its peztilent liabilities. The cases there just now are
nearly similar to those occurring in Alexandria—from two
t
three per diem.
The small-pox is at present a more deadly, scourge in Egypt
than the ordinary plague. At Alexandria 287 died of the dis-
ease from last April to December inclusive. Last month 74

died, and this month, up to the 19th inst., 52 have fallen vic-
tims. This week the mortality is serious. Yesterday five
died; the day before five, and the previous day nine. At Da-
Inietta a' prevent it is equally alarming, and durirg the last six
months of 1810 was truly destructive, for 248 died in a popula-
tion only one third that of Alexandr.a.
ALEXANDRIA, FEB. 24.

The Great Liverpool has been detained until this day at
moon, to carry the despatches of Commodore Napier, at this
eventful crisis of the affairs of Egypt. The Pacha will not
submit to the conditions attempted to be imposed on him by
the Por:e, and declares that he looks to England (on
whose good faith he had always relied) to save him from
the disgrace and danger involved in them. There can be
no doubt, that if they are permitted to be enforced, and sub •
sequently acted upon by his enemies in the Divan, Egypt would
in a short !time be thrown back into such a state of disorder,
that neither Mehemet Ali, nor any Englishman, could live in
it. Negib Said, having received the Pacha's refusal, is about
to leave Alexandria, and return to Constantinople, with Ford
Boy, in the Turkish steamer, which is already getting up its
steam. He has not declared the negotiation at an end, which
looks so far so well. The Commodore still rem&ns here in the
hope of assisting to terminate it amicably. lam happy to be
abL. to send you a cony of the conditions brought by this ex-
traordinary envoy. The Articles No. 1 and No. 6a e the
only ones rejected altogether by_the Pacha.
FIRAIAN OF THE SULTAN, INVESTING MEHEMET
ALI WITH THE HEREDITARY GOVERNMENT OF
EGYPT.
" Vizier,—l have beheld with satisfaction the proofs of sub-
mission which you have just given, as well as your proteAa-
tations of fidelity and your assurances of devotedness towards
my august person, and for the interests of my Sublime
Porte. Your long experience and your knowledge of the
affairs of the country so long placed under your adminis-
tration, do not permit to doubt of your ability, by the zeal
and prudence you will display in this same Government, to
acquire fresh titles to my kindness and confidence in you ;
and that at the same time, grateful for my benefits, you
will endeavour to transmit the qualities which distinguish
you to your descendants. On this consideration I have de-
termined on confirming you in the Government of Egypt,
according to the limits traced on the map which is sent you by
my Grand Vizier ; and on conferring on you, in addition, the
prerogative of the heirship of the Government on the following
conditions :

"1. When the Government of Egypt shall become vacant, it
shall be confided to such one of your sons as I shall select, and
the same mode of succession shall be applied to his male chil-
dren, and so on. In case your male line shall become ex-
tinct, the male issue of your feminine branch shall have no
right to the succession. The son appointed to succeed you
in the Government of Egypt shall come to Constanti-
nople to receive investiture there. The prerogative of inhe-
ritance conferred on the Governors of Egypt shall not
give them any rank or title superior to that of other viziers, nor
any claim to precedency, and they shall be treated on the very
same footing as their colleagues.
"2. The provisions of my hatti-scheriff, of Gulhane, as well
as the administrative laws now in force, or hereafter to be
made within my empire, and all treaties concluded, or to be
concluded, with friendly powers, shall be equally executed in
Egypt.
•' 3. All the taxes which shall be imposed in this province shall
be collected in my name, and in order that the inhabitants of
Egypt, who form part of the subjects of my Sublime Porte,
may not be exposed to extortions and irregular exactions,
the tenth duties and other impositions shall be regulated
upon the same system as is followed in the rest of the empire.
One-fourth of the revenues to be derived from the custions,
duties, tenths, and other impositions in Egypt, shall be paid,
without any deductions, into the treasury of my Sublime Porte
—the remaining three-fourths shall servo to cover the expenses
of collecting the civil and military administration, the mainte-
nance of the Governor, and also to make payment for the corn to
be sent annually to the holy cities of Mecca and Medina. The tri.
bute above made payable by the Governor of Egypt, and the mode
of payment, shall continue for five years, dating from the year 1257
(22d Feb., 1841). They may afterwards be regulated in a man-
ner suited to the future state of Egpyt, and the nature of new cir-
cumstances. As it is due to my Sublime Porte to be made
acquainted with the annual amount of the revenues, and the
manner of collecting the impositions, and as this object re-
quires a commission of superintendence in the province, this
shall be ulteriorly provided for according to my imperial will.
" 4: The very important regulation of the coinage having to
be settled by my Sublime Porte in a way to admit of no more
variation, either as to the intrinsic or the current value,the gold
and silver coinage, which it will continue to permit in Egypt,
in my name, is to be equal to that of the Imperial mint of Con-
stan,icople, as to value, form, and model.
"5. In time of peace, 18,000 troops sufficing for the inter-
nal guard of Egypt, this number cannot be exceeded ; but as
the Egyptian forces are no less destined for the service of
the Sublime Porte than the other forces of the empire, they
may be augmented in time of war in the proportion which
may be considered proper. According to the new system of
military service, which has been adopted for the whole of my
empire, the soldiers, after having served five years, are to be
replaced b~• new soldiers, and this system will also be fol-
lowed in Egypt. Thus, out of the last recruits of the Egyptian
troops now serving, 20,000 men will be chosen to commence
the new service, of whom 18,000 shall be kept for Egypt,
and 2,000 to be sent here to serve tl.eir time. The fifth of these
20,000 men having been replaced each year, there shall be
chosen annually in Egypt 4,000 recruits, according to the
mode prescribed by the military regulation cy lot, and ob-
serving all necessary humanity, impartiality, and diligence;
3,600 of these recruits shall remain in Egypt, and 400 be
sent here. The soldiers, who shall have served their time,
either in Egypt or here, shall return to their homes, and
cannot be called out a second time. Although the climate
of Egypt may require a different military clothing,
as to the cloth of which it may be composed, the uni-
forms, distinctive emblems, and colours of the Egyptian
troops shall not differ from those of the other troops of the
empire. This also shall be the case with the costume and
distinctive emblems of the officers, sailors, and soldiers of the
Egyptian navy, and the colours of the vessel shall be the
same as these here.
6. ihe nomination of officers by sea and land, up to the
rank of lieutenant inclusively, shall belong to the Govern-
ment of Egypt, that of the superior officers shall depend on
the Imperial pleasure. In future the Governor of Egypt shall
not be allowed to build any vessels of war without my express

permission.
" The grant of the hereditary government of Egypt being
subjected to the above conditions, the inexecution of either
of them shall warrant the immediate revocation of this grant.

The present hatti.seheriff is therefore addressed to you, in
order that yol and your de,centlants, recognising the impe-
rial favour, which I have just granted to you, may direct
v,,ur attention to the careful fulfilment of the conditions
therein laid down, to protect the inhabitants of Fgypt against
all k7nds of violence, providing for their safety and welfare, ar.d
taking care not to infringe my orders ; and, finally, that you
may communicate to the Sublime Porte the important affairs of
the country confided to your Government.
" The 21 Zithiclje, 1256 (13th Feb., 1841)."
The Great Liverpool is starting.
The Commodore remains in hope of arranging this business.