The Sun.
London, England, 1847-01-20 00:00:00

THtl SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENINO, JANUARY 2O, 1847

its power to render the son of Don Carlos possible.
Would the House then believe that till the 26th
June following the French Government, took
steps to forward the policy which had since to
been carried out;
In Jane. 1846, the French Government submittedthe 111er.-.
(psis of Villa Franca, six propositions on the subject, promising
the influence of the King of the French in favour of the Conde
de Montetnolin, Yet the French Government had taken the
course which was so well known to them all, though the Conde
deMontemolin had shown every disposition to do whatever was
in his pewee to effect such an arrangement as would terminate
the struggles and bloodshed that had hitherto characterised
that unhappy country. One thing he would state to the House,
that if warfare and strife again distracted Spain, the world
would know that it did not rest with that much injured Prince,
but would be charged to those Ministers who had not hesitated
to pursue the policy they had done with no other object than to
gratify one fatal ambition of the Napoleon of Peace.—( Hear. )
Lord JOHN RUSSELL, on rising, was received with loud
cheers. He said—Sir, in rising to address the House, on the
present occasion, and during a period of great calamity and dis-
tress, I must express my opinion that I think the disposition
shown to consider not only the extent and character of the ca-
lamity, but the measures that are necessary to meet it, without
party violence or blame, is such as to render that which, under
any circumstances, would be a most difficult question, some-
what less difficult than it would otherwise have been. I cannot
wonder at the observations which have fallen from the Hon.
Member for Limerick, when he takes her Majesty's Govern.
ment sn severely to task on the policy they have pursued, be-
cause the opinions of that Hon. Gentleman are quite the oppo-
site of theirs. If his opinion was well founded, then the
Government has been guilty of great neglect ' • but I
maintain that the policy of the lien. Member for Limerick,
supported as it had been by the Noble Lord the Member for
Lynn (Lord George Bentinek), is a policy which no Govern-
ment should undertake. It is a policy that would lead to cer-
tain failure, and tried by the fairest test would lead to greater
evils than those which existed. A greater number of deaths
from famine would take place than had yet occurred. What
would be the effect if the opinion was to get abroad that the
Government of this country wanted to purchase food, that they
were about to become buyers of grain in the markets of Europe
in order to feed the people of Ireland. In the first instance,
as soon as the intention of Government was declared—as de-
clared and known it would be—there would be an end of all
private enterprise, of all application of the capital, and means,
and skill of the mercantile classes ; all traffic in grain would be
abandoned to a Government that had shown itself
so presumptuous—(Hear, hear)—in having the orders of the
Government coming in, with but a limited supply to meet
the demand, what would be the price asked when it was
known that the English Government had become purchasers?
The Noble Lord talks of an increase from 3s. to 9s. on Indian
corn, but this was nothing compared to what the rise in price
would take place then.—( Hear, hear.) But suppose the Go-
vernment undertook to supply the people of Ireland, they could
not stop there. They,must undertake all the retail trade, and
supply every one that was in need of food. We have heard of
the staff of officers now required, in connexion with the Board
of Public Works ; but what is that staff, great as
it is, compared to what it would be, if we un-
dertook the retail trade for the supply of the people
of Ireland with food.—( Hear, hear.) He would
further be expected to supply provisions at what were con-
sidered fair prices, and under prime cost. What would be the
consequences of should a proceeding to the rest of the popula-
tion of the United Kingdom ? Why, we would be robbing
them, as the price of food must of necessity be enormously
raised in England and Scotland. The labouring people of
other parts of the United Kingdom would thus be made to
suffer, and they would have good reason to turn round and ask
us why we kad thus acted—why we should fly in the
face of all principles of political eoonomy in favour of the
starving Irish people alone, and why we should not give the
labouring classes of this country, as well as the people of Ire-
land, the advantage of food at a fair price.—( Hear, hear.)
Some Hon. Gentleman had said that the trade in different
parts of Ireland had been interfered with, by the provisions
which the Government had made for the supply of the people,
and there were some instances in which it was possible that
such might have been the case. There were 21 and 22 places
west of the Shannon, where they had established depiits; but
they had chosen places where the provisions of the Govern-
ment would interfere as little as possible with private trade ;
and he had reason to know that in those places where depots
had been established, several persons who intended to set up
shops, had given up the design, as soon as they learned the
intentions of Government, on the supposition that they would be
altogether unsuccessful. 200,000 quarters of corn could not
be issued into the country without disturbing the market, but
then they had to feed the people of Ireland. There was cer-
tainly one point which arose out of the measure which had been
passed during the last session of Parliament to which there was
considerable objection—that was, to employ the people under
the Board of Works. No man was more sensible than he was
of the objections in employing the poor on unproductive works,
for the matter was daily under his attention, and he only men-
tioned the facts now, in order to show the difficulties under
which they laboured in obviating the effects of the great ca-
lamity which had befallen Ireland, and he must at the same
time say that the principle was a sound one. Their object was
to employ the people on useful works, and the question was
not whether they should be so employed, but the means by
which they should be so engaged. The way in which they
attempted to meet the case was not by throwing the people into
workhouses, but by giving them employment. In this there
was nothing which was at all novel, nothing which was
not usual in the endeavour to obviate distress without
disturbing industry in this country. It was a common course
in this country when distress prevailed, to employ the people
in breaking stones—not that there was any demand for broken
stones, but that the labourer might be employed upon a work in
which the labour was the hardest, and the reward was the
worst, until more permanent employment could be obtained.
As soon as a change came over circumstances it was found
labourers entered into private employment, and the rates were
relieved. But, in Ireland, he was sorry to confess, that such
was not the case, for there the labouring population found
the market and the public works the best, instead of the worst
they could find for their exertions ; and that, consequently,
when other opportunities arose the public fund was not re-
lieved. He mentioned this, also, in order to show the diffi-
culties with which they had to contend. In employing
300,000 or-400,000 persons, it was necessary to employ also a
number of persons to superintend them; and many of those
persons were unquestionably people cf objectionable character,
yet it was necessary to have them ; and he could not think
that in the employment of 470,000 persons, representing, he
conceived, a population of not less than 2,000,000, that this
was a draw back at all to be taken into consideration. lle
ound by the last week's account, that no less a sum than
158,0001. had been paid for work during that week. He quite
agreed with his Hon. Friend, near him, that this calamity was
to be looked upon as a national or general calamity, and not
only as a calamity that had befallen Ireland. No measures
which the Government could adopt, would prevent severe
suffering and mortality in many places. seeing that there were
not the ordinary resources there which they had in this country;
that they had no means on which to fall back on, the failure of
their staple food, he could not see that any measures which the
Government could propose, would reach the nature of the
present calamity. With regard to all they had done, he con-
sidered that they alone were to be held accountable, and they
did not consent that any of their sub-ordinate officers should
bear any part of the responsibility. Mr. Trevellyan had been
alluded to in the course of the debate, and of that officer he
had to state that he acted with the greatest inteliigence, judg-
ment, and indefatigable, and untiring zeal, both with regard to
the orders he rec eyed, and the orders he transmitted. If,
therefore, censure were to be passed let them bear the blame,
not him. It had been said with regard to the proposed sus-
pension of the duties on the importation of grain, and the
alteration in the navigation laws, that these duties should have
been suspended in November last, and not now. In reference
to that he had to observe, that that subject was carefully consi-
dered at that time, and it was considered unwise to resort to
such a course. He bad done so, acting upon the advice of the
Government in Ireland, and of every one of intelligence con-
nected with that country, who were all of opinion that serious
injury would then result by the withdrawal from it of those
who occupied seats in both Houses of the Legislature. Then
with regard to the re-assembling of Parliament, it became a
matter for consideration whether the distress had reached such
a height as to demand so unusual a course. The duty then was
not 16s. or 14s. per quarter, as during the previous year, and
although he thought it right to recommend now the suspension
of the present duties, he did not think that the reduction of
price, which would result from this, would be any thing consi-
• derable. With respect to the supplies from America, he did
not think that they would be accelerated in their course
to this country from that cause, and in consequence of what
had arrived, prices in two or three weeks had fallen to 625.
For these reasons, and seeing that the benefit to be obtained
would be so slight, they did not consider it advisable to call
Parliament together till the present time. They did not
think that the effect would have been such as to warrant so ex-
traordinary a course, or that the inconvenience attending it
would have been commensurate with the advantage to be
gained by it. With regard to some other points, there were
a few to which he would briefly advert. The Hon. Member
for Bath had alluded to the Montpensier alliance, and gave it as
his opinion that it would have been desirable to have maintained a
good understanding, and not to have interfered with the affairs
of France. He should have been quite content to await the
discussion of this subject till the correspondence of the Noble
Lord had been laid before the House, but he could not assent
to the doctrine laid down by the Hon. Member, that the
British Government had no right to interfere in such matters.
This, however, he knew, that if serious injury occurred to this
country from a cause f this nature, public opinion would
blame, and blame deservedly, the Ministers of the Crown by
whose neglect it had been produced. He could not but regard
the matter as one of the most serious moment, and deserving of
the greatest consideration, and though he was of opinion that the
attempts made by Louis XIV. and Napoleon to bring about
the union of kingdoms by such means rather tended to an
opposite effect, still he thought that to obviate dangers that
might possibly arise to the interests of the country from such
a source was an object not unworthy of the attention of statesmen.
The other subject to which he would turn was the marriage of
the Infanta of Spain, and he wished to speak upon this subject
because it had been reported, and was industriously set about,
that. it was the desire of the Government to advance Prince
Leopold of Saxe Coburg as a claimant to the throne of Spain.
He did not know the young Prince entertained any wish upon
that subject, but he had felt it his duty to give an intimation
to his Sovereign that it was not advisable to support Prince
Leopold as a candidate to the hand of the Queen of Spain, and
he must say that his Sovereign had acceded, in a most gracious
manner, to the force of his representation. He was the more
particular on this point because it had been asserted that
the desire of the British Government to advance a candidate to
the throne of Spain, in consequence of the impression that
there was a wish on the part of the French Royal Family to
advance a candidate of their own ; and this was made to appear
as the
teoper view of the transaction. He did not conceive that
ithil'irorPeoerition was entertained at that moment by Prince
'" that he had recommended the course which had been
pursued, because he believed that we ought not to be at all con-
cerned in the future internal government of Spain. His Hon.
Member Friend the for the University of Oxford seemed dis-
p
fr os
omed
tot say th
oat
at the present moment we ought to refrain
g enerferi
any opinion at all. But he
(Lord John Russell) tlliureahti9ttg:as more frank and more be-
coming to *he character of this
position,-to state
the objections which he entertained
and its
n"edto the marriage of the
ealontpteonsttr.C.Furotr
otfherranrecae:
Infanta of Spain to the Duke d
sons they had stated their objections
prfectly agreed that. with rega4 to these matters,
wasthe not o n to
because Rhea
provided Prince who remained in S •
whom they could object upon clear groundPtson't
complain ; and yet he admitted that treaty,thlOrewaity
they coutd not
of Spain must be considered of paramount importance to this
kingdom. Even those who_ most disputed the
Utrecht admitted that one and the same Prince ought net to
?sign both in France and Spain. There could be no doubt
of that. For his owl part he would say that it was with
the most sincere regret that he found himself
opposed in opinion to what had been done merely by the
Government of France. He did, however, feel how desirable
it was that this country should be on the best terms ot friend-
ship with France. This country had never done anything
which was calculated to disturb that understanding. He sin-
cerely lamented that by no fault of theirs a separation of good
feeling had taken place between them with regard to the late
marriage.—(Cheers.) With i egard to other subjects re-
lating to foreign affairs--the extinction of the free state of
Cracow—he thought there was so little difference of opinion
in that House, or anywhere else, that he really felt it
unnecessary to say, then, that it seemed as if from the first
partition of Poland to that unholy act which was, perhaps,
the most to be condemned of any act amongst the nations in
the history of modern Europe—from that fatal day misfortune

seems to have attached to this last remnant of the Polish state,
and to have induced the Powers who were parties to the an-
nexation of the free state of Cracow to the dominions of the
Emperor of Austria, who seemed to have acted precipitately,
and, as appeared to him, without any just motive to have used
their power without considering the relations of justice in
which they were bound. He did not knew that it was neces-
sary for him to address the House with respect to any other
parts of the speeches which had been delivered that evening.
He would have an opportunity very shortly of bringing for-
ward the separate measures of the Government. On Monday
next he proposed to give an outline to the House of the various
measures with regard to Ireland which would afterwards form
the subject of separate Bills, and which would therefore come
fully under the consideration of the House.—(Hear, hear.)
If his Noble Friend the Member for Lynn bad
any better plan to propose, let him state it to the House, and
let them all endeavour to find those measures which may best
be calculated to raise the condition of Ireland—to unite her
more closely to this country by sympathy and temperate govern-
ment; giving her not only all that which bare justice would
require, but giving that help in her necessities which he
thought any part of the United Kingdom was entitled to claim
if placed in a similar condition.—(Loud cheers.) He
believed much injury had been done to the feelings of the
people of this country by the language that had been used
in Ireland with respect to the conduct of England during the
past year. He felt bound to state this. He believed that that
language had induced many to forbear making such exertions
as they otherwise might have felt inclined to use on behalf of
Ireland at that moment; but still he believed that the general
wish of the nation was to do everything that could by any pos-
sibility be useful to Ireland. —( Loud cheers.) He believed
that, this was the desire of the country. He lamented that there
was not in Ireland at that time so much of general combination
and exertion as had taken place in Scotland—in those parts
which were suffering from a similar calamity—bat he rejoiced
to see, independently of the separate resolutions proposed and
the various plans propounded, that at a meeting lately
held in Dublin, men of all pasties united—men of all
religions were combined together to endeavour to concur in
plans likely_to be useful to the country. He thought it was a
good sign for the future welfare of Ireland. He thought, if
Irishmen would allow him to say it, that what they had reason to
complain of was not so much the hostility of England as the
hostilities of parties of their own people.—( Cheers.) He
believed likewise there was, with scarcely an exception, an
absence from any language at that meeting either to-
wards the' Government, or towards any with wham
they. might have relation, or who might differ in
opinion with them of an irritating nature—(Hear,)
He trusted that when they . came to the discussion of
those measures, that a similar spirit would prevail—(Cheers)
—and then, however great the present calamity might be—
however appalling to the imagination—however painful to dwell
upon, he hoped that Ireland might yet prove destined to enjoy
years of prosperity, and that in strict union with England,
they should present the spectacle of a country whose freedom
and civilisation ,had made admirable progress. (The Noble
Lord resumed his seat amid loud cheers.)
Mr. DISRAELI would endeavour to imitate, though he
feared unsuccessfully, the address of the Noble Lord who had
just resumed his scat. As to what he had stated with re-
ference to one subject, namely, the condition of Ireland, there
could be no difference of opinion. He was sure it was the
desire of this House, and all parties in it, to assist in the set-
tlement of Ireland in a manner that would conduce to the
future happiness of that country—(Cheers)—and in bring-
ing on such an occasion to the Ministers of the
Crown a temperate, indulgent, sympathising spirit.
But, unfortunately, that was not the only subject
on which the Noble Lord had anticipated there could be no
difference of opinion. He had, indeed, imagined that the
subject of the Spanish marriages would not be brought under
the consideration of the House that night, as the debate
seemed to threaten a termination. The Noble Lord had ex-
pressed, 'with perfect propriety the general feelings of the
House with respect to the subject of their foreign
policy, which had been brought under their no-
tice by the Speech from the Throne. It was
certain, however, that the improvement of the condition
of Ireland would not be assisted if differences existed
between this country and France. The Noble Lord had laid
down some principles of policy with which he thought no per-
son could agree. He said that France had no right to exerci,
a predominant influence over Spain. What he said with re-
spect to those marriages was not exactly apposite. The
case before them was this —They knew from authentic informa-
tion that an estrangement had taken place between the
two countries, and were told in the Speech from the Throne
that the Infanta of Spain had married a French Prince, and
that in consequence some correspondence had taken place be-
tween the two countries. Now one would naturally have
thought that the correspondence would have been of a congra-
tulatory nature—( A laugh )—but they were not informed that
the Noble Lord had protested against the infringement of the
treaty, which he alleged to have taken place. ( Hear.)
But the Noble Lord had protested against the
infringement of a treaty by the greatest Power in
Western Europe, and they were informed in a paragraph which
immediately followed that he protested against the violation of
a treaty of more importance by the greatest Power in Northern
Europe. He believed there had been no violation of any
treaty in either case. It was possible that the destruction of
the political independence of Cracow might have been as great a
blunder as the destruction of Poland might be a great crime,
and if we protested against it such a protestation ought to be
made on intelligible grounds, and not on perverted views of
rights and privileges. He did not think that the object of
the Treaty of Utrecht was to prevent an alliance between
the French and Spanish families, because he could
not agree that the object of the French Minister was
to secure exclusive advantage to Philip and his posterity.
The sixth article of the treaty positively declared that not to be
the object of the treaty. Whether that treaty was right or
wrong it was within- their province to decide. It was the
policy of Louis XIV. to promote an union by marriage or
otherwise between the two countries, for the very first act of
that Prince was to marry his daughter to a Spanish Prince.
That alone was conclusive as to the meaning of those who
signed the treaty. There was not, therefore, in his opinion,
any violation of the Treaty of Utrecht; into the policy
of the subject he would not then inquire.—(Hear, hear.,
Was this a violationlof the Treaty of Vienna? Let them look
merely into the legal merits of the question ; for that was the
only way in which the question ought to be regarded. Of
course he did not wish that any Gentleman should accept
his opinion except as to the legal merits of the affair, but
he would ask them, without prejudice or passion, to decide
it merely on its legal merits. It was unnecessary for him
to comment on the transactions of affairs at Congress ;
it would merely be convenient for him to remember its
result. It was merely a treaty of the various Powers of
Europe after a general war, in which these Powers settled
the different questions of different treaties ; for instance, the
Treaty of Utrecht. They had nine different treaties all em-
bodied in that one. That final act which they called the
Treaty of Vienna had in it seventeen treaties—diplomatic
instruments of the highest class. When the Treaty of
Vienna was negotiated it recited at its commencement that
the powers of Congress were anxious to give the general
result of various negotiations included in one common ratifi-
cation for the settlement of affairs at Utrecht, and of the 181
sections of that treaty about 60 were original stipulations, and
the rest were merely quotations, or merely portions which had
formed other treaties, and in order to prevent any misconcep-
tion in the 118 articles comprising portions of these, 17 treaties
were specifically recited. The House would remember that of
these 17 treaties three were Polish, negotiated between three
Polish Powers, and not a single word in the Treaty of Vienna,
except the clauses in these instruments, were original stipu-
lations ; and any violation of these clauses would not be a
violation of the original instrument. It also contained sti-
pulations for various personal rights, and for certain privileges
to the provincial states of Germany, and by the principle of
the present discussion any violation of these would be a viola-
tion of the Treaty of Cracow. That instrument at this mo-
ment regulated all the rivers of Germany, and that regulation
was in the same category as the Polish treaties in the Treaty
of Vienna. One of the stipulations of that treaty at the present
moment enacted that a German Prince could not appoint any
inspector or sub-inspector of rivers except the appointment was
for his life, and there were many instances in which these in-
spectors had been appointed, and not for life,
and that act was a violation of the treaty. There
was immense difficulty at Congress to arrange
the precedence amongst its members, and M. Talleyrand at last
arranged articles of precedence by which the various diplomatic
agents should be received, and if their claims were equal, they
were to cast lots for the precedence. That was one of our
treaties in the same category as the Polish treaty; and if the
Swedish and Spanish Ministers quarrelled about precedence,
and one of them were to take precedence of the other without
casting lots, the Treaty of Vienna would be violated initheir per-
sons. The King of Sardinia in his treaty, which was a basis of
other treaties, agreed to give certain privileges to the Univer-
sity of Genoa, and within five years after those grants were vio-
lated. Could they believe that the great man who drew up
the Treaty of Vienna, would make a stipulation like this a means
of upsetting the whole, and that, too, after 30 years' constant
communion with the greatest diplomatists? To his (Mr.
Disraeli's) surprise, this fact was reverted to in the Queen's
Speech ; but he was more surprised that the Noble Lord, who
must understand the question, should so far have de-
ferred to public clamour as to have allowed any
one of these circumstances to be a breach of the treaty
any more or less than the late events in Cracow, and should
have no better course to adopt than the present one. It was
an acknowledged principle of public law that a superior instru-
ment could not merge into an inferior one, and he defied the
Noble Lord to show him a single instance in which the solemn
stipulations of any specific treaty of the time had not been re-
presented as embodied in the general stipulations of the final
act at Congress. He could show the Noble Lord authentic
precedents, but to prove the case beyond all question it was
not necessary to do so, and be would only produce one of them.
He did not mean to say that in a case like the present he sup-
posed that he could influence their opinion by foggy references
to some obscure transactions. He would take public trans-
actions of as great importance as those in the Congress of
Vienna, where the actors were eminent men, and dealing with
circumstances as great as those in the Congress of Vienna.
He alluded to the treaty of Westphalia. The treaty of West-
phalia was the foundation of the public law of Europe until
the French Revolution, and was only suspended by the Treaty of
Vienna. This question settled at Congress was an analogous
instance in which the Powers of Europe were placed in the
same position as the one they were now placed in, and in
which they were called violators of treaties. The question
had been discussed by the first juris consults of that learned
age, Cardinal Richelieu amongst the number, and they were
called upon to act under circumstances of greater importance
than those which had recently taken place at Cracow. He
would put to the Noble Lord the particulars of Westphalia,
negotiated at the Congress of Minister, when Germany
was at the conclusion of a great war, and parallel
to the late war when the greater Powers met. The treaty
settled all the great questions with regard to the balance of
power, but it was found impossible to deal with the affairs of
Germany, where, first of all, religious grievances were to be
settled between the Protestants and Roman Catholics, besides
the claims of 150 German princes. They said that
they could not settle all this at Minster, and that the con-
tending parties should go ''to Osnaberg and have a Congress
to be sitting at the same time as the one at
Minster. The Emperors of Germany, the Princes of
Germany, and the King of Sardinia, who afterwards got
, Pomerania, were parties to this treaty at Osnaberg, and all
the affairs settled at Osnaberg were declared to be parties to
the treaty of Minster, which was signed by all the Powers of
Europe. The imperial cities of Grmany obtained, through
the influence of the Swedish Court, the privilege of voting in
the Diet, so that they should have a voice like German
Sovereign States. The Emperors and Princes of Germany
never allowed these free cities those rights guaranteed to them.
The Diet was the arbiter of all the differences on the
The parties to
4biect, and in three years, if the grievances of these
cities were
cities were
and they not settled, all the other German free
obligedt to declare war in their cause.
of Cracow is a viOlatAtirl°
catered
ateise treaties were nothing more than witnesses,
treatie but not of tre
guarantee whatever. The absorption
precedents of the same kin of the provisions of the "seventeen
treaty of Vienna. There are several
'timid how did the Noble Lord him. 1
self act? Look at the disru
:rifled to for assistance by the
kingdom of the Nether- I
lands. The Noble Lord when of
the
fug: the ground of the
King of:the:Netherlands,interfe:
it sneovtenteen treaties.
violation of the treaties of Vienna, iut°ot
is
powers, for
In the case of the partition of Cracow,
Cracow to call upon the guaranteeing
they are not a party to the seventeen treaties. Thera
was a great difference between the original stipule! I
tions of a treaty and the clauses quoted from it, t
as might be seen in the original stipulation, as in the comes- '

sion of Saxony to Prussia, for in that England, as a guarantee-
iog Power, was bound to go to war immediately if called upon
in consequence of an infraction of the treaty.
Lord P ALMERSTON—There is no special guarantee in
the Treaty of Vienna for the concession of the kingdom of
Saxony to Prussia.
Mr. DISRAELI—The Noble Lord would find it if he looked
to the treaty when he left the House. He was now, for the
first time, really alarmed at the state of the foreign affairs
of the country, when the Noble Lord the Foreign Secretary
had stated that there was no special guarantee of the kind he
had alluded to in the Treaty of Vienna.—(Hear, hear.)
Nothing was more important than a proper under-
standing of the treaties. If the country were to
adopt the modern interpretations of those treaties, no
language could express the mischief which would result.
When he found that the Treaty of Vienna was so manifest, he
thought the inference was very clear.' He thought, in
determining upon this question, that they ought to
take the authority of Cardinal Richelieu on the prin-
ciple involved in the question before the House at pre-
sent. It was most necessary for this country to have a
good understanding with the great Powers of Europe. He
did not regard the marriages that had taken place on the con-
tinent in the same light as otheri had done. He did not regard
with jealousy the power of Russia in Germany, or of France
in Spain. England held the balance of peace in her
own hands, and they could have all the advantages of
amicable relations instead of the evils or rivalry. ,
Colonel CON OLLY said, in justice to the minty lie re-
presented, he must deprecate the language of the Hon. Mem-
ber for Bath, who had made use of the most unwarranted
language that had ever been used by a MemLer of the House, ss
well as the greatest perversion of fact. He considered the
statement of the First Lord of the Treasury as a vet y dexterous
exculpation of himself, but he was of opinion that the country
suffered severely from the non-interference of Government
in the case. He hoped that Government would not be
carried away by idle theories, but determine upon some com-
prehensive and efficient measures for the relief of Ireland.—
( Hear' hear.) He had been in that country ever since he had
left that House, and he could confirm the patience with which
the people were suffering. He should be exceedingly. sorry to
embarrass the Government; he was ready to bear witness to
their anxieties to meet the distress, but ho conf !seed himself
to be much mortified at the fiat refusal of the Noble Lord to
make any exertion to keep the markets down. The prices of
everything had nearly trebled, and the landlords had not re-
ceived anything like one-half of their rents. He would con-
jure the Noble Lord to throw his principles of political economy
for once to the winds, and to listen to the voice of a patient and
starving people.—(Hear.) He hoped that the House would be-
lieve his assertions with respect to the awful character of
the distress. He stated it on his word and truth, and he hoped
that the House would not listen to the virulence and unquali-
fied statements of the Member for Bath, who had calumniated
the character of the country.—(Hear, hear.) Before he
concluded, he desired to bear witness to the manful exertions
of the Catholic clergy to mitigate the evils by which they were
surrounded. _

Sir ROBERT PEEL said he was not about to interrupt
the unanimity which seemed to prevail on all sides of the
House with respect to the Address. They would be better
able to discuss the topics which had been en-
tered upon in the Speech from the Throne when
the promised information should be laid upon the
table.—(Hear, hear.) The Noble Lord had stated that with
respect to the marriage which had been entered into be-
tween a son of the King of France and the Infanta of Spain,
that the whole of the correspondence would be laid upon the
table. That correspondence, which had appeared in the
French papers, he apprehended was but a portion.—(Hear. )
He trusted that the Noble Lord would give, as freely as should
be consistent with his duty, all the documents connected with
the part the Government had taken in reference to that oc-
currence. Conceiving, as he did, that discussion would be the
more satisfactory to all parties, he should therefore at
present abstain from adverting to that subject ; he would only
observe that during the period that the late Government were
in office, no attempt was made to advocate the connexion of a
Prince of the house of Coburg with that of Slain. For his
own part, he deprecated any such connexion, for he thought
that the interests of the people of England would not be bene-
fited by any such alliance. He thought that its effect would
be to introduce them more intimately into the domestic con-
cerns of Spain—an introduction which he considered would be
anything but beneficial to the interests of England.—( Hear,
hear.) It was his belief that her interests were,
that Spain should be really an independent Power,
and that she should maintain the high character of an
independent nation, and that she should conduct her own ad-
ministration without tolerating any interference. He hoped to
live to see the day when Spain would place herself in such a
a proud position, and become a powerful and independent
country.—(Hear, hear.) But, speaking of the late Govern-
ment, he could with truth assert that not only did they not di-
rectly, by any official act, but he hesitated not to add, that
net any indirect means were resorted to for the purpose of ad-
vancing the pretensions of a Prince of the house of Coburg.
In referring to another portion of her Majesty's Address, he
could not but express his regret that the extinction of the
free state of Cracow had been determined on by three of the
Powers which bad been parties to the Treaty of Vienna.
While he admired and acceded to certain portions of the
speech of the Hon. Member near him (Mr. Disraeli), the
Hon. Member must be aware that there was an assurance given
to Europe at the peoriod when a settlement of its affairs took
place—there was a public assurance given that that last rem-
nant of Polish independence should be maintained—(Cheers)
—and that Cracow should not be annexed to another country
as it had been lately annexed. There was therefore a distinct
and positive departure from their engagements in the course
lately pursued by the Courts of Vienna, Petersburgh, and
Berlin.—(Hear, hear.) True, they assigned as a reason that
Cracow had given refuge to insurgents in the last disturbances;
yet, surely, they might have thought that these three great
Powers might have protected themselves from any danger to
which they might be threatened by an invasion from Cracow.
—(Laughter.) Their true policy would have been to have
given to Cracow all the rights and privileges to which she was
entitled, taking at the same time effectual security against any
danger arising to their peace or prosperity from that re-
public. It danger were really apprehended, e
wnfee-
ence, with the sanction of France and England, might
be held with the other European States, and a new arrange-
r ment effected which would be deemed binding on the contract-
ing nations. But he could not find in the circumstances any
suffieient justification for the Let which had been committed,
and he was grieved and astonished that Austria should have
consented to that distinct breach of the Treaty of Vienna.
Suth an act was inconsistent with true policy, and calculated
to shake tl.e confidence which ought to exist between the great
countries of Europe.—( Hear, hear.) There was another
subject adverted to in the Address from the Throne which he
hailed with great pleasure—he meant the intention of
the Government to introduce some measures for improving
the sanatory condition of the people. No one could possibly
exaggerate the importance of sanatory regulations as conducive
to the wealth and greatness of a country, or to the happiness
of its people; and he trusted, therefore, that the measures in-
troduced would be of a most extensive character. It was not
merely in large cities that such a measure was required—it was
equally necessary that smaller towns should be benefited, and
he trusted that power would therefore be given to municipal
authorities in these smaller places to make such improvements
as they might consider necessary. With respect to
Ireland, he was disposed, from his knowledge of
the difficulties all Governments had in dealing with
this question, to make every allowance for the difficulties her
Majesty's Ministers had to overcome. He knew how easily it
was, by superfluous care, to create unnecessary alarm, and on
the other hand the greater danger that might arise from a san-
guine idea of abundance. He could not, therefore, blame the
Government :that they did not anticipate in September the
miseries which affected the sister island at this period. It was
said that there were 420,000 persons employed upon public
works, at an expense of 158,000/.—(Hear, hear.) New he
I thought measures ought to be taken to restore these
people to their former position, for setting them to
• work to cultivate the soil, so that they might have
a prospect of a future harvest, and next to improving and drain-
ing the land. It was perfectly legitimate ; perhaps it was the
best means for a Government to employ the surplus labour of
the country upon public works. There were many public
works which had amply repaid the outlay, but still there ought
to be a limit to this mode of employment: The time for intro-
ducing that limit had arr ved, and he thought, with the aid of
the landed interest of Ireland, the labour engaged upon
public works might , easily be transferred to the
' cultivation of the soil. The Noble Lord at the head of the
Government proposed to suspend for a time the existing duties
upon corn, the navigation laws, and to facilitate the introduc-
tion into this country of other articles of food. Now, it was his
intention to give these proposals his cordial support. He
thought the advantages to be derived from them would not be
se great as if they had been adopted at an earlier period. Cir-
cumstances were different now to what they were in November,
1846, but although the advantages to be derived from the
measure might be less than if it had been adopted at an earlier
period, before France and other countries had commenced im-
porting corn, yet he thought they were bound to do all they
could to increase the supply of food in Ireland. The
Right Hon. Baronet then continued to say—l think it
possible that cargoes which might be diverted to other coun-
tries by the 4s. duty, might be retained in this country by the
abolition of the duty. I think it also possible, with regard to
corn in Egypt and other distant countries, that a temporary
suspension of the navigation law might be advantageous. But
feeling enters into this question as well as reaeon, and seeing
the rapid rise in the price of c irn, and seeing that there are
—I won't say hundreds—but many dying of starvation in Ire-
land—seeing that although outrages exist in greater number
than before, on the whole their privations have been borne
with great patience by the people, and looking at the state of
that uneomplaining country, Scotland, and knowing that in the
western islands and highlands of that country the severest dis-
tress exists, although it is scarcely brought under our cogni-
zance by a murmur,—seeing all this, I shall not object,
the price of corn being what it now is, to the imme-
diate adoption of any temporary measure which those
responsible for rescuing the country from its perilous
position may think it necessary to advise and re-
commend. I am confident that the cordial assent of this
House will be given to any measures likely to mitigate the
existing suffering. With respect to measures of a permanent
character for the improvement of Ireland, it would be prema-
ture at this moment to enter upon any discussion of them.
The Noble Lord has promised, on an early day, to make a
statement of these measures to the House, and I should be
unwilling to prejudice his cause by embarrassing him in any
degree by provoking any discussion prematurely on the matter.
But we must not be too sanguine in reference to any such
measures of permanent relief. The evils which we are now
called upon to combat are of long standing. On that very
account it is all the more requisite to proceed with caution
to lay the foundations of future improvement. We should
not be too sanguine in expecting that a system of emigra-
tion would operate favourably on the existing disorder. Be-
fore such a system can be pursued with advantage we must
have better communications with those countries to which
we direct the emigrant, whom it will not do to
turn loose in any colony without some previous pre-
paration, by which we would not only inflict an evil upon
the colony, but fail to confer any benefit opon the party
sought to be benefited. Such a system of emigration as
would be unwise from being too hasty, would not operate
as a relief to the sufferings of Ireland. But that a well•con-
cocted system of emigration, gradually adopted, and steadily
pursued, would add to the strength of British power in the co-
lonies, and operate as a relief at home, cannot be denied. But,
he would be too sanguine to suppose, that any scheme imme-
diately adopted, no matter how expensively and eagerly
carried out, would tend very materially to mitigate the
evils which press upon Ireland. The present misfortune is one
of so suspassing a magnitude, that it would be unjust as well
as impolitic to make Ireland alone responsible fur it. I am
willing to consent that this part of the empire shall bear its
proportion of the burden. But it must be recollected that the
Government has no fund of its own from which relief can be
obtained, and that a grant of money for the purpose of reliev-
ing Ireland is neither more nor less than an increase to the
taxation which presses upon the different classes of this
country. The only mode which exists of granting money
to Ireland is by taxing the people of this country to procure
it.—( Hear, hear.) But, en account of the peculiar na-
ture of the present emergency I am sure that the people of
this country will not refuse at being called upon within proper
bounds to bear their share in mitigating the evils which, at this
moment, are so heavily pressing upon the different portions of
the empire. But nothing could be more injurious to Ireland
herself than an unbounded or misplaced and ill-judged
liberality towards her. Ireland should feel it incumbent upon
herself to make great exertions on the present occasion for the
maintenance of her own poor. An habitual dependence for •

this upon this country is not only unjust to this country, but
fails to benefit Ireland herself. Every class in that country
should entertain a due sense of their several obligations, so that
by observing their mutual relations, and assisted, as they have
a right to be, by wise and provident legislation, they should
neither seek nor require to transfer to this country the burden
which properly appertains to themselves. I shall certainly ap-
proach this whole subject, when it comes more in de, ail before
us, in a spirit such as is properly recommended in the Speech
from the Throne, a spirit free from all party feelings or con-
siderations.—( Hear, hear.) Our own interests are most in-
timately connected with the welfare and prosperity of Ireland.
Ireland cannot be a suffering country without Englail suffering
to a great, if not an equal, degree. We have, the efore, the
highest interest in promoting the welfare and conducing to the
prosperity of Ireland. I, for one, will therefore congratulate
her Majesty's Government, if, respecting the rights of property
in this country, they may be able, by wise and provident
legislation, to make permanent provisions for the improvement
of Ireland.
Lord PALMERSTON said he did not wish to occupy the
House at any length. but he wished to say a few words relative
to the Treaty of Vienna, which had been referred to b., the
Hon. Member for Shrewsbury (Mr. Disraeli). The lion.
Gentleman had talked as if the treaty was of no va'ue. Now
he (Lord Palmerston) wished to know what portions of the
treaty there were that were valueless? The Hon. M. reber
also says that there are no distinct engagements in the treaty,
nor general guarrntees ; that there were only some special
arrangements that were agreed to be (tarried out. On this
point the Hon. Member was quite mistaken on the treaty as
it regarded Cracow. He maintained that it was only a treaty
binding on the three Northern Powers, without the interven-
tion of the others. If the Hon. Member could only look to
the 6th, 7th, dth, 9th, and 10th sections of the general
treaty they would find that they related to the free and inde-
pendent state of Cracow. If that were so, then said the Hon.
Alember, the treaty would enforce also the free navigation of
rivers. He (Lord Palmerston) admitted that it was so, that
such was the construction of the treaty, and it had been so
considered by all the states of Europe. The Ministers of a
Court took precedence at the Courts to which they were accre-
dited from the time of their arrival. The fact was, that
the first two protocols were not signed by himself, but
by the Earl of Aberdeen, under the Government of
the Duke of Wellington. The Noble Lord opposite
(Lord George Bentinck) was mistaken in the supposition
that the renunciations of the Duke of Orleans and
the Duke de Berri were inoperative, because they did not form
portions of the municipal law of France and Spain. That was
e mistake, for these renunciations had since been made parts
of the law of those countries. But he wished it to be dis-
tinctly understood that it was not the treaty of Utrecht on
which the Government took its stand. The ground which her
Majesty's Ministers assumed was, that it was agreed that the
two crowns of France and Spain should not descend to a mem-
ber of the family of Orleans. But this was not the proper
time for entering upon the subject, and when the proper time
came and the papers were laid upon the table he should be
quite prepared to defend the course which her Majesty's Go-
vernment had taken.
The Address was then passed without a division, the depu-
tation to carry it up to her Majesty was appointed, and the
House adjourned at a quarter past one o'clock.

TUESDAY NIGHT'S GAZETTE. 1
At the Court at Buckingham Palace, the 18th day of
January, 1847, present, the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty
in Council. Her Majesty in Council was this day pleased,
upon the representation of the Right Honourable the Lords
of the Committee of Council on Education, to appoint the
Reverend Alexander Thurtell, M.A., Fellow and Tutor of
Caius College, Cambridge; the Reverend J. J. Blandford ;
the Reverend Edward Douglas Tinting, M.A.,; and the
Reverend Muirhead Mitchell, M.A. to be four of her
Majesty's Inspectors of Schools.
WHITEHALL, JAN. 18, 1847.
The Queen has been pleased to present the Rev. John
Russell, M.A., to the rectory of Llandrmio, in the county of
Montgomery, cum Melverley, in the county of Salop, and
diocese of St. Asaph, void by the death of Dr. William
Carey, late Bishop of that see.
The Queen has also been pleased to present the Rev.
Mune() Campbell to the church and parish of Salen, in the
presbytery and isle of Mull, vacant by the transportation of
the Rev. James Dewar, late minister thereof, to the parish
of Kilchoman
OFFICE OF ORDNANCE, JAN. 19.
Royal Regiment of Artillery—Second Lieutenant Cadwal-
lader William Elgee to be la irst Lieutenant, vice Hughes,
deceased, Jan. 1.
MEMORANDUM—The dates -of promotion of the under.
mentioned officers are to be altered as follows viz. :—First
Lieutenant O'B. B. Woolsey, Nov. 26 ; First Lieutenant A.
W. Drayson, Nov. 28.
BANKRUPTS.
George Sharp and Samuel Sharp, stone masons, Com-
mercial-road. Lambeth, to surrender Jan. 27, and March 2,
at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell, official assignee;
Lawrence and Plews, Old Jewry-chambers, City.
William Wiles, pawnbroker, Dulwich, Jan. 26, at two, and
March 2, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Belcher,
official assignee; Lawranc3 and Plews, Old Jewry-chambers,
City.
Joseph Dorey and John Hiskens, brewers, Woolwich,
Jan. 26, at two, and March 2, at twelve, at the Court of
Bankruptcy. Belcher, official assignee; Miller and Carr,
Eaitcheap.
John Edwards, ironmonger, Nag's Head-court, Grace-
church-street, Jan. 28, at half-past eleven, and March 1,
at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Turquand, official
assignee, Old Jewry-chambers; Phillips and Co., Size-lane.
Henry Andrews, plumber, Angel-place, Islington. Jan. 28,
at half-past twelve, and March 1, at twelve, at the Court of
Bankruptcy. Graham, official assignee, Coleman-street;
Pitcher, New Broad-street.
John Delf, linen-draper, Drury-lane, Jan. 28, at twelve,
and March 1, at half-past eleven, at the Court of riankruptcy.
Graham, official assignee, Coleman-street ; Pullen, Basinghall-
street.
John Goulty, mast and oar-maker, Stangate, Lembeth,
Feb. 5 and 26, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards,
official assignee, Frederick's-place, Old Jewry ; Lewis and
Lewis, Ely-place, Holborn.
John Dixon Parry, sharebroker, Manchester, Feb. 1 and
24, at eleven, at the Manchester District Court. Pott,
official assignee, Manchester; Potter, Manchester; Johnsoe,
Son, and Wetherall, Temple, London.
Thomas Lightfoot, grocer, Nottingham, Feb. 5, and March
5, at twelve, at the Birmingham District Court. Bittleston,
official as&gnee, Nottingham; Coope, Nottingham.
Michael Sloane, licensed horse dealer, Lower James-street,
Bath, Feb. 4, at twelve, and March 2, at eleven, at the Bristol
District Court. Millar, official assignee, Bristol ; Gray,
Bristol.

Robert Strong, dealer in stone, Box, Wiltshire, Feb. 4, at
half past twelve, and March 2, at twelve, at the Bristol
District Court. Acraman, official assignee, Bristol; Gray,
Bristol.

(Dividends, &c., in our next.)

MARKET IN TELLIG CE

(From the London New Price Current of January 19.)
SUGAA.—To-day there was much desire manifested to
purchase all descriptions of West India Muscovado for every
purpose, and advanced rates were offered; but the high prices
insisted upon by merchants operated considerably against
business, and the quantity sold in the private market
amounted to only 30 hhds and tierces, for which an advance
on the quotations of Friday of 2s to 3s per cwt. was given.
There was no public sale of Barbadoss. If holders had taken
a small advance on Friday's prices the market would have
been cleared.

EAST INDIA. —This afternoon Bengal Sugar was in ex-
tensive request ; and at public sale 3.624 bags were all sold
at an advance on the rates of Friday of is per cwt.
REFINED.—To day the inquiries, were numerous after all
sorts of Refined goods for home consumption, and further
advanced rates were offered, but the supply scanty. Bonded
crushed Sugar is much in request, and prices have risen to
34s 6d a 35s for first quality.
FOREIGN.—To-day every kind of Foreign Sugar was
much sought after by exporters, the home trade, and specu-
lators, and higher rates were offered, but business of momeat
was prevented by merchants insisting upon a considerable
advance—indeed some refuse to make a price, and several
parcels have been withdrawn from the market.
MAuarrais.—This afternoon the demand was animated
for Mauritius Sugar of all kinds, and 7,437 bags at auction
were all disposed of, at en advance on those of Friday of 2s
to 2s 6d per cwt for all descriptions.
COFFEE.-1:11i3 afternoon most kinds of Foreign Coffee
were in excellent request; at public 5a1e.2,421 bags Costa
Rica were nearly all sold at full rates for the better sorts,
but inferior went a little cheaper.
TE.t.—Duty has been. paid on 406,4901bs at this port
during the past week, and 6tooo packages arrived. The
market has been in an inactive state for green Tea, and the
low and middling qualities are offered rather under previous
rates, the supply being large; but for good and tine late
quotations are insisted upon. The better sorts of Congou
are little wanted, and can be obtained at a shade under last
TueSday's rates. Pouchong is not much wanted, and 4d to
9d is the value of low to fine quality.
FRUlT.—There has only been some partial business doing
privately; a parcel of damaged Patras Currants sold at 525,
Elemes, in cases, from 43s to 455, and some drums Turkey
Pulled Figs from 44s to 465, and one parcel fine at 565.
fSigetEs.—Pitnento is in small supply, and being much in
request, a further advance in prices has taken place. In
Illack•Pepper a good deal has been doing privately in all
sorts, but no improvement in value can be noted. For
White the demand is on the increase, and prices on the rise.
For East India African Ginger a good demand existed, and
stiffer rates are paid. Cassia Ligr.ea has been sparingly dealt
in, and prices are going down.
signers.—To-day there was little desire evinced to operate
in Rum, and which is to be attributed to the probability of
the unrestricted use of sugar and molasses being allowed in
the distilleries and breweries; still holders were not inclined
to take lower rates.

INDIGO.—East India is held with firmness at an advance
on the rates of last quarterly sale of 2d to 4d per lb.
Thera has been a fair business transacted, the home trade
being the chief operators.
COCIIINEAL.—The demand has fallen off, and the market
having been well supplied, a decline in the value of id per lb
took place, and 158 bags of Honduras Silvers, at auction,
were only in part sold, at 5s 7d to 6s for mid to fine quality.
NITRATE OF SODA.—There has been more activity in the
market, and prices have advanced to 16s 6d to 17s per cwt,
at which good business has been done.

TurtrEi,ii—Spirits have been sparingly dealt in, and
there are willing sellers at 46s to 475, the stock being
large. In Hough the operations are upon a more extended
scale, but not at better prices, 103 being taken. Tar is in
fair request, and the stock is still small.
OiLs.—For Linseed Oil rather lower rates having been
submitted to occasioned the demand on the spot to be good
at 25s to 25s 3d per cwt, and the export orders executed
have been upon rather a larger scale. For forward delivery
there are few purchasers, although there are sellers at the
moderate rates of 25s 6ci to 26s per cwt. Rape Seed Oil has been
in excellent request, and prices are still on the advance. Olive
has been disposed of to some extent, at further advanced rates.
Palm cannot be quoted dearer, but the demand has been active.
For Cocoa Nut higher rates have been obtained. The ar-
rivals of all kinds of Fish Oil have been again to a small
extent only, whereas the deliveries are still large, and likely
,o to continue.
TALLow.—The market has a very firm appearance for all
descriptions of Tallow ; the stock is on the decrease, and the
deliveries are going on largely—although prices are much
above those of this time last season.

TEMPTATION AND ATONEMENT. Mrs. Gore's
clever novel " Men of Capital," is to be succeeded by
" Temptation and Atonement,"—a tale written in a very
different style, and which exhibits the extraordinary
versatility of the author's genius. The heart stirring
earnestness of Godwin is said to be rivalled in the pages
of this story, which is one of the most thrilling interest,
and appeals to all the better sympathies of our nature.
Its appearance will, doubtless, be hailed with satisfaction
as affording proof that one of our most popular writers
has not been slow to profit by the hints of the press,
and is turning her unquestioned talents to sterling uses.
" STILAWDERRYHILL" is once more attracting atten-
tion, but instead of being invited to a sale of its literary and
artistical treasures, the public is entertained by an introduc-
tion to its personal celebrities, in a very remarkable work,
just published, under this title, from the pen of the author of
" Maids of Honour," " Shakspeare and his Friends," &c. In
its lively pages Horace \% alpole makes an extremely in-
teresting hero, and when we say that his associates, in the
clever and amusing story in which he figures so prominently,
are the facetious George Selwyn, the brilliant Charles
Townshend, the famous Bubb Doddington, the witty Sir
Charles Hanbury Williams, with Bolingbroke, Pulteney, Pel-
ham, and the other active spirits who were such prominent
features in the society of a century since, and that among
their fair contemporaries we find the eccentric Lady Town-
shend, the gay Lady Archibald Hamilton, and such of their
celebrated rivals in wit and beauty as were regarded as the
chief ornaments of the rival Courts of George 11., and his Heir
Apparent, we have sufficiently indicated the great attraction
ialsNi
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GILROY'S ART OF WEAVING.—We are glad to see
re-issued, at-a price (nearly one half its original cost) com-
mensurate with the means, not only of the master, but the
working manufacturer, this valuable and important work
compriseing a Practical Treatise on the Art of Weaving, by
Hand and by Power, with recent improvements, English
and Foreign, and a History of its Rise and Progress in
adoadp
Ancient and Modern Times. Illustrated with numerous
engravings, with Calculations, Tables, &c.,
use of the Master, or Working Manufacturer a
Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton has intimated to
Lincoln his intention of again presenting
himself as a candi-
date fur the representation of their city
at the next general L .
his
friends in
LINCOLN.—
Weaver.t'd
t
REPRESENTATION OF THE CITY OF
the field—viz., the two sitting
Members,
Bulwer Lytton and
and Mr. W. R. Collett, and Sir Edward
the title of the " citi-
zen Charles Seeley ,v who has adoptedn candidate" made some
candidate." A second " citizeo
election. The;.e are, therefore,. alreadizrsf,oucrolocanneldisdiabttelsorinp
dis-
coveredthoasridsiinetclelethenow quitted the field.—
of Mr. Seeley, and has
Ipswich Express.
pretensionsdenonstrations a. short time
ADVANCE IN T town made an advance of
end of the
the bakers at the west .
that he was brought
of bread of the second quality.
"the price .
one halfpenny in
BGtoc.;bethPieur
oaf ;
In Tottenham-court-road, nE PRICE OF BREAD.—Yesterday
loaf sells at 914 d. ; household bread
d, 0 x filaodgrrebdeut,to Drury-lane, Clare-
market, Clare-
country bread, unweighed, from
41bundressed meal at Bd. to 81,0. per 41b.,
l flour (second) 9d. per quartern. The
Whd. to 7 % d-. per
in
price from 104 d. to 111,0. ; and in some
best bread chargedvaries
s- for the 41b. loaf. On the Surrey side
instances ls.
is o al price for seconds is 9d., and for the
of the river the general
b., t ii,-,,,1 11,:. prr 411 h.
, . .
i" .:11P Ile NL,ritt:nolin *J.-a' tir,..=. tit. iv Intl a
I .
wHimeaainrgliefeatd,CtUred fromchaser ;
• ,: ::.,. ii::.. c-I !..-ed, :,•i_3te-day durilz; ',Le .1).:-.
Parliament. Ilis Royal Highness and suite occupied the
seats in the gallery generally allotted to visitors of his rank.

MARKET N

HIS DAY.) 1

CORN-EXCHANGE-WEDNESDAY
The arrivals of English Wheat for our market, this week,
have been considerably on the increase—they having
amounted to 4,230 quarters, chiefly from Essex and Kent.
To-day the show of samples was tolerably good, owing to
which, and the thin attendance of buyers, the demand was
inactive, yet Monday's quotations were mostly supported.
The show of free Foreign Wheat was by no means large.
On the whole the trade was dull, at previous currencies.
Corn under lock was in fair request; but we can notice no
alteration in value. The sale for Barley wa.; heavy,
owing to the Government having determined to admit
Sugar into the distilleries, and prices were a trifle lower.
In Malt next to nothing was doing, and the rates quoted on
Monday were with difficulty supported. Oats were held at
higher rates, from want of supply. Beans, Peas, and Flour
as last advised.

ARRIVALS.
Wheat. Barley.
4,230 qrs. 2,540 qrs.

English • • •• • •
Irish. ••• • • • ••
Foreign .. •• .•

200 I 4,170 I
Malt. 4.340 qrs.
WZIXTECHAPEM.

Oats H'lou•
I_o qrs. I 2,760
1,340

Rather large supplies of meat were on sale here to-clay,
yet the general demand was steady, and prices were well
supported. Beef, from 2s 10(1 to 3s 8d; Mutton, 3s 8d to 4s
8d ; Veal, 4a to 4s 10d ; and Pork, 3s 10d tc 4s 10d per 81bs
by the carcase.

COWES, ISLE OF WIGHT.
(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
TIIE SPHYNX.-LOSS OF EIGHT SEAMEN,

JAN. 19.—Three steamers are lying at anchor off, where
the sea is as smoo:h as glass, but there is a heavy groused
swell on the beach. The Sphynx lies well in on the flamers,
and appears not to have been so much damaged in her bottom
as reported.
A barge, with eight men from one of the steamers, cap-
sized yesterday while rowing round her, and all were
drowned. . . . . . .

To-day sixty shipwrights and engineers with their tools,
from the dock-yard, are leaving Cowes in waggons for Mot-
tiston.. The ill-fated vessel's masts were. cut away yesterday.
Arrived, the Swedish schooner Robert, Gerfstrom master,
from Charleston for Bremen, with rice and cottoe; having
been run into on Sunday last by a large vessel, name un-
known. She carried away her bowsprit and foremast, and
did her other damage. She makes a good deal of water.
She had been in tow of a Dutch ship, but was towed here by
the Glasgow steamer.

-----
SPORTING IN TE LLi GE NCB-
(RECEIVED THIS DAY.) •
BETTING AT MANCIII,STER.—TuOnAT. 36
CHESTER Cur.-35 to 1 agst Antler (offers to,,,take)&n.
to 1 agst Newcourt (offers to take), 40 t I agst Crime'
(taken), en 1 agst Camera Obset;ra 1000
Flitch (tal), 1,000 to 20 agst Jenny Wren (taken)/ /
ch
to 20 agst Mickey Free (taken), 1,000 to '2O agst to 10
I,ooo)°,n_
(taken), 1,000 to 50 agst Burgundy (offers`ll),
each agst Lightning,Wolfdog, Mentor, androynton (oftertur
(taken), 45 to 1 49
1,000 to 20 agst Lady Sarah (offered). t/ Ann to 6°
DEnnY.-1,200 to 100 agst Epirote (offerad)9 ,v /%10
-.',"
agst Planet (offered), 450 to 10 agst Projectile 011 ear
others named.

DISTRESS IN THE SOUTH t°4

SCOTLAND.
(FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) t petv
In several towns in the south of Scotland benevolene
sons have establised soap-kitchens for the relief of th
517;
at this inclement season. At Langlichen, in Dlireillies/. of
75/. was raised in two or three days for this purpose, has A ,
which was presented by the Duke of Buccieuch, The
seat there, and possesses the property for miles arounnieroet
Scotch are proverbial fur enduring privations of the,_sir he'
kind without complaint. The national pride of tile octet.
racter induces them to suffer without a murinurrand rs
hoping, almost against hope, and suffering for Ye'lBpror
acutest misery, in the expectation of better and ma.i. pOr
perous days ; but many thousands of the poor being, Id 1:5(1.
Siblo, in a worse condition than the poor of Ireland,
ing that Ireland is having relief doled out to her 113, sigt
they have made th:-:ir condition known, and fve, don
will be benevolently dealt with.
DARING HIGHWAY 1101313-1;‘
AND MURDER. 100ded
SHEFFIELD, JAN. 18.—A most unprovoked and cold-h
murder has been, within the last few days, committed ucio
this 0°4132:Mr
Mr. John Riley, a respectable tobacconist of
inquest upon whose remains was opened on Saturda:( uSjog
West log
before Mr. Badger, one-of tbt coroners for the
of Yorkshire. The facts arelliese :—Mr. Riley, afte.iir ger
his place of business, which is in Wain gate, wreDt:: Mead°
day evening last to spend an hour or two with 807.
Wbi
at the New Market Hotel, in the Cattle ger,keZdeloc.Al4
place lie left perfectly sober soon after Orel: ~ituaw
in order to proceed to his residence, wrichio'.z to
a.short distance from the town. On the road' je',„itle bed
village named Grimesthorpe, it would appear 4`"-,. t ion
proceeded in safety until lie reached a sommvoi',,,,ylllll'
place, about 300 yards from the last line of housegelbyta°
is called Spital-hill. At this place be was attackar., ...V•1 4
or three men, who, after one of them had exclairriel"
him, here lie is," struck him so violently the f°lostsal.•
with a life-preserver or other bludgeon as to produnel4.ol
insensibility; for, although he so far recovered at ..0"
quent period as to be enabled to crawl home, a d,isires,w
about a quarter of a mile, he was incapable of
eu
.10 ..
other account of his assailants than that they had
hand
him about 30s. in money, his silver watch, his h
wal king-stick. tb° •
After being insensible for upwards of an hour %piste
ground where he had been knocked down, and in a f°,7050_,,
pool of blood, he reached his house about twenty
two o'clock. His face at that time was covered vr",0,1 DP.
and dirt, his right band pocket was turned oat," edr_nt"
braces were broken. Each eye was fearfully blaci";), lan
the extent of nearly an inch all round; he had a 1id.,141,011
on the centre of his forehead ; and his nose was stlias'ofor',
covered with coagulated blood. His hands also Wer,?,..,,isse;
with blood; and there were severe abrasions and u..„-ise,Sv"
both his knees. There were likewise serious h'dicawji
various parts of his person, all of which sufficiently' intosem
that he must, although perhaps unconsciously t°
have struggled violently with his assailants. ifs 01
On reaching home his first words uttered to his ♦o:4s_
_A.
" Mary, they have nearly killed me." His weriaedil,
bruises were bathed and poulticed by his wife, an'"..,45,11-
and surgical aid were called in in a few hours aftera'_!:,,,
notwithstanding their skill, the unfortunate gentletoce dieD
gered until two o'clock on Saturday morning, vibeilbeil beg)
from the effects of the barbarous usage to which be
subjected. hp, Or') etbrltS
There seems little reason to doubt that r'-'‘,.Al 01,1 V
assailants had been in ambush, awaiting the a,ilLl- oPF:4I.
victim; the entrance to a narrow lane imnredialescro
to the place of attack affording ready shelter a„.13 the of
ment. It is somewhat singular, that altholg...'„, riles
spot was on a public footpath, and within thin., , of
one of the public gas lamps, that the watch:oat). 110,',
_ eve.
duty it was to pass and repass the place once in 0
should not have seen the unfortunate gentle of
laid in this insensible state. The only mforrnati
bearing upon the matter which this official is ca,rosall'dp
giving is, that shortly before the time at which the oith nip
stipposed to have occurred he had a conversation „ciao
men, at one part of his beat, who said they, welltlePl be
Grimesthorpe, and who then went in the directioaohisoy do
where the robbery and violence were committed. 011,0,,
considered in some degree confirmatory of a stOmLice 0`,40,
by the dying man, that he thought he knew the.'-klitbs.ros
of the men, and that he came from GrimesthorPhoortoti
however, the affair is involved in mystery, e,--0014-
police are nuking every exertion to discover the P'"'
tlioa
of the diabolical outrage.
only an 06.0
The circumstances, of which the above is on- rifr
were detailed by various witnesses before the log,
fad
Saturday evening, but to give time. for further eYelaeg, to
to allow a post mortem examination of the deco
made, the inquiry was adjourned to Thursehl "
4i110.11

The extraction of a tooth is universally .-- the -04
give a most disagr, eable shock; Dr. Brewstera%x,„ be. 005
rotsoevetii
known American dentist, of the flue tie la. -9,14.110 e
aware of this fact, from daily experience, so 0)10
toot. tryhis tphaetieeffnetcst.s oHfethtehenreewfordeisperoovpery of °het. 06- Ili
Mr. J., a young American gentlemano,seadge,tdlllllwah;
ihil:'
suffering dreadfully frem toothache. Yester...eoo
g e passedntlemi inn thise°n saF.
jar, from which issu:—edTahemeotvhcearbreaps
nayt.ed very readily, and the eXPe alsiO
being . .....
piec,, fitted to the lips. The Patient.' and in allo-
the operating chair, inhaled the vapour,
two minutes was iu a state of unconsciousness;
_;liyi
muscles became all relaxed, and Dr. Brewste.
_,,etiAtc
ippeo:ire!
evidently do with him what he pleased. The e2ott_rct 1.!
instrument was then applied, and the t !hot.
moved. The effects of the ether lasted t"red 1
minute after, and the patient, on being rest°•ii Pir
consciousness, could not believe that his
tn°t,n itt
been removed, until he felt the hollow IA 4.t..f
gum. He declared that he had not felt the lee Is'
pain—that the sensation, when under the influhee stri,°9
the ether, was perfectly delightful; he seeruea, ,7004
to be borne rapidly through space, and then '5" no
fall to the earth. He experienced afterwards isfele
effects from the experiment, nor was the gnr° P$ Or
as is generally the case after such operations:oo 00;
other patient was Mr. N—, aged 24. 11° bet
then tbsn r
conscious under the influence of the ether in leas out be
minute and a half, and the moment the tooth Vio, 4
started to his feet, the shock having awoke be OA
also declared that the sensation was delicious; but
o;
however, he remarked, a sort of conscioustless'or 0°,6
no power to move; he had felt no pain whateere hut%
the extraction. The teeth in both cases vv a, etoeot
molar ones. Several persons were present, ethers,
the rest, three ladies. Looking at the use °the or° oe
thus " cheating nature of her pain," to user,uoce4a,
tor's expression, the discovery must be proo:mtaft_at• ,
of the most important of modern times.-- PPies • '
SHOCKINGLY FATAL ACCIDENT IN 1:i illstttiS
WARE-ItOAD.—Yesterday a very shocking a-,,,5c1, ,',
neously fatal accident occurred in the Edgivare„-;:d be" 44" er.
at the corner of Cambridge-street. It haPPe"" wb° itlf
eleven and twelve o'clock, and hundreds of persons 4 bees et
hurrying to see her Majesty proceed to Parlianoeo"o.,lldr
cognisant of it. The unhappy victim was a wa„gog„`',ers• r,401+
Richard Head, aged about 30, in the employ 0 .1"'„,.." hicili"oo
coal merchants, of the Harrow-road. At the h°"*" rag,'"
he was driving a team of horses that were ii: . Rite
towards Hyde-park, with a waggon laden with eoi vie 0 map
tion of the harness got deranged, and whilst Heaurtooff,ofer
to arrange it,without stopping the horses, they '''in...aighV
threw him down, and one of the wheels pa,,sed 5, 0 tom
op
his head, crushing it to pieces. The brains 'verde tbe,ln ii'
pletely squeezed out, that the policeman scooP,e,,t Wel"
with his hands. Of course death and the acejae" ita°
multaneous. E 101
THE LORD-ADVOCATE AND THE l) tilifll-edic,e.
AND GLASGOW RAILWAY DIRECTORS.—WeaiI' P-4011%
week Dr. Christison, the eminent Professor of Pm-thigl,-00"
in the University of Edinburgh, was requested hY...„ Boeditity
cers of the Crown to proceed forthwith to Stranrn43 to Pllti
an official report to them immediately t n his re t'" OVi •t°
burgh. Arriving in Glasgow by the railwaY traii!„,,°oll3lget
on his way to Stranraer, he took the precaution; 001
to the railway people that, in case he c°ll .dl,llll
back in time to catch the latest train lor.ta 07,,tr,
on Saturday night, he would require a sZeenlig WP-Or
Sunday morning, and he requested to iu'ope. p0.0.1i
they would be ready to provide him Wituaion .'''• IV
directors —or at least one or other of pre'',
lively refused ; and as Dr. Christison was tilled tile ter
from reaching Edinburgh till Monday, be refo4o,4e
cumstance to the Lord-Advocate. The L0r07;,,, 00, ff.'",
mediately held a consultation with her DittiesAvretssu'Oet
General ; and the Solicitor-General, we unueag 10,07,
directed some communication to be °l,e -tbort ra
directors. IN e do not, of course, h°,e,lerora',. tit,"
nature of it. But we hope the ‘s7,tors, °I," sti'',-
the country will soon sweep away these di of
the entire managemeut of this railway out tdv ei 'en;
For supposing that occasion might arise fora otheruy ilt;tres;
to be sent from Edinburgh to Glasgow, or te to -000.
upon` this line, are these fanatics to be PerulitteGogerilds fir
the Queen's service, or to mock the Executive scat
of the country. with their canting reselutious?" ,r 0
--
former's Gazette. r Alt a, °Le
SURGICAL OPERATION WITHOUT -at 0,- Sly%
ETHER ANTIDOTE.—An experiment was Inat-unClit Jilt
Infirmary, Edinburgh, on Saturday, by Dr. _A Wbu'-of IP"
patient was a young man, weak and emaciate", . ~318 of
it was deemed necessary to amputate at the,ll3l..cabOnat the
thigh. After inhaling the vapour of ether 1% onlAjog
minutes, he became quite insensible to Pnliti'esteedroin;
operation was proceeded with, the anodyne 1. 04 ° abe •
00 go •tts
maintained during its progress, by the c° open,. el
stration of the ether. His eyes continued
describe netts
readily answered the questions put to him, fled 'IlLe re'_,
great calmness that he felt no pain of any hlne'ry other:011s)
of the patient remained unaltered, and in eveciferis",
spect the appearances at the operation were Pr 04,..-eiasiel-
Wee* the elajaedsr
to others of the same kind.—Edinburgh
Dispatches were sent off last evening, frlopian ,
office, for the Lord High Commissioners of ther.
........_____.„<",%
ant2l- the....G...iovernottnd Gibralta------ •
______--- #.7055, or
1001
BIRTH& llefrplace, fi .
On the 18th inst., at 20, Princess-street, Jub daughter.oool
F. J. Willis, ::3q ,of her Majesty's Customs, of ~,„ istlY of toil
Or
On the 16th inst., at Walton-place, Chelsea, "'-
Cripps, Esq., of a daughter.
On the 17th inst., at Caiver, Derbyshire, 30.. as ote.
. , 006 Cr° ..-ift
Bentley, of a son. of 1"Ila )"
On the 17th inst., at Leamington, the latlY
the e.cf. '
Esq., of Sandown-bay, Isle of Wight, of a son.
of ... .
On the 18th inst.. at Charterhouse-square, the+.-
V. Povah, M. A., of a son. iel'll:
MARRIED. . tor,lN"'" IV.
mers, of Newport, Salop, to Louisa, eldest da ~,
On the 14th inst., at St. Margaret's, Westm
Strang, Queen-square, Westminster. )316e"ttl;
- --- DID. Christopher ~.. so
Or thelsth inst., at Mr. Ingham's, at Westoe, , ~Inent Pl'
Olt'
Esq., of tVylam, aged 59, Member in the last I tin.. Ilt il
the Illg
Northumberland.
On the 7th inst., at Ringrove, near ICingsbridg:
,g e 4 t.
Stapleton John De Courcy, Baron Kingsale, agel Esq., cc, e-
Inu.liter of fir'
On the 14th inst , at Shepton Mallet, W.ilum en__, eic, 11
fe *try,
On the 16th inst., at Denham,- 13tieltiughamshlre
~,,,i gli•Al'' .
Ilaggitt, tged 79. ~---
Ir:" t ''' 0.,-,,n Ann.str,et. cse .
..---- g
....—vu: i,Lua Witt i'llUlLitted Loy Al_ isl)_,.
_.., in a,
_..,
Strand, Printer, at The Set' Cflizo, N 0.112. Stre:::,edoceiq
of the Savoy, in the County of atadiese "
nuary 20, 1847.