The Sun.
London, England, 1841-08-23 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, AttGUir 23, 184 i.

ANTI-CORN-LAW CONFERENCE.

CLOSE OF THE PROCEEDINGS. •
MANCHESTER, AUGUST 21.
As. it was understood the proceedings of the. Confer-
ence would elOse this day, the number of. clergyinen in
attendance was not -so. numerous as on previous meetirms.
The interest evinced by the public on the important dis-
closures made by the different clergymen seemed by no
means to have abated. •The.portion of the.hall set apart
'for strangers was more crowded than ever.
• .About-half-past nine o'cloek the Rev. THOMAS SPEN-
cult, A.M., of Hinton Charter House, near Bath, the
President of the day, took the Chair. He said there was
one thing on taking the Chair that he regretted, and that
was, that if the Church of England was to be represented
in this Conference, it ought to be represented by the
Archbishop of Dublin, who was a very zefileus
Lorn-
l::w repealer. He knew there was not a man in England
who had clearer views on this subject. That excellent
man said, that, if they were in conversation with tiny
tine, and wanted to know if he were an honest and intel-
ligent person with whom they conversed, introduce the
subject of the Corn-laws. however, this Conference
had acted so well, and had got so much respect, that it
would not be the last Conference, unless the. Corn-laws
were repealed. If they did not wish to see a Conference
in London—if they did not wish to see every minister
attended by three or four of his congregation—if
they did not wish to see Exeter-hall filled by 5,000
people—they must repeal the Corn-laws. He wished
the young men of Manchester, the Young Men's Anti-
monopoly Association, could spare money to go up at the
same tune ; for he was sorry to say there was a gin-
drinking public opinion that wanted to throw out Lord
Julio Russell. And the licensed victuallers also wished
to throw him out, because he wanted to restrict them
and they cared more about selling strong drink than for
the liberties of the peopk. He would like to draw a
little public opinion from here, that when her Majesty
went to Parliament she might go wafted on the breeze
of free trade. And let the Lords spiritual, who did not
think it too secular to attend to politics in the House of
Lords, though they thought it very secular to meet on
the Corn-laws, consider these things.—(Hear, hear.) If
these young men went to London, and lined the ap-
proaches to Parliament, instead of the idle mob who
went for mere curiosity ; if they had a few of the young
suffering men of Manchester there to call out, ".No
Corn-laws," he thought the present Session would see
the Corn-laws destroyed. However, whether the young
Men of Manchester would go up or not, they, the Mi-
nisters of religion, would pledge themselves to answer
the first call.
The lieV. J. W. lnssiF.:•Said it was considered desir-
able to make a small addition to the Committee to wind
up the affairs of the Conference ; that two gentlemen
should be put upon it from Scotland ; and that the va-
rious Chairmen of Conference shotild also be added to it.
He moved " That the following names be added to the
ExeCutive Committee already appointed :—The respec-
tive Chairmen, viz., The Rev. T.. Adkins, the Rev. Wm.
Chaplin, the Rev. Dr. Cox, and the Rev. T. Spencer ;
with Dr. Vaughan, of London ; the Rev. James Robert-
son, of Edinburgh ; and the Rev. Alex. Harvey, of
Glasgow.
The Rev. Wm. WlCEtteow seconded the motion,
which passed unanimously.
The Rev. Mr. HOYLE, of Stalybridge, said that, after
all that had been said of distress in various districts, yet
still there were, in the northern districts near Manches-
ter, 200,000 souls for whom no one had yet spoken, the
great majority of whom were with us in opinion on the
Corn-laws. He mentioned some individual cases of a
distressing nature, in which hunger, sickness, and penury
made the misery most poignant.
The Rev. PETER GUNN, Catholic parish priest of
Eastern Temple, county Fermanagh, said he came to
tender the Conference the moral energies and determina-
tion of -.3,000 people in Ireland against that inhuman
law, which destroyed thousands for want. of food. If the
Irish people knew the Conference as well as he did, who
had not set foot in England till Monday last, they would
unite heart and hand. He trusted that the end of this
beginning would be, that England and Ireland would
know each other better on the subject of the Corn-laws.
When Mr. Spencer, last night, at the tea party, said that
there were Roman Catholic priests attending this Con-
ference, it was received with a burst of cheering ; for
which he returned his most cordial :hanks. A hired

scribe had recommended to the incomieg Government to
seize all the Catholic priests of Irelond, and transport
them ; but the scribe little knew that those who at-
tempted to carry this into effect must climb to the task
over the comes of seven millions of the people of Ire-
land. As to Ireland, that oppressed country, with high
rents, heavy taxes, and tithe to pay, there was poverty
in every valley ; the people were so naked and miser-
able, that perhaps one-fourth stayed at home, though
taught their duty by their church to attend divine wor-
ship, because of their rags.
The Rev. G. HARRIS. Independent minister of Ring-
wood, Hants, came by the wish of Mr. Cobden, to make
a few statements as to the condition of the poor in his
neighbourhood. It was remarkable that, during Con-
ference, not a single communication or statement had
been made as to the state of the people in the great
corn-growing counties of Norfolk, Essex, Sussex, Kent,
Surrey, Dorset, and
.Hants. He thought' it might be
shown, that the agricultural labourers in some of these
counties were suffering. greatly. The other side of
Southampton the labourers did not work twelve hours a
day, and got wood and turf cheap from the New Forest.
A few of the farmers allowed their labourers to purchase
wheat at Gd. per bushel less than the market price.
Potatoes they were allowed to grow in the farmer's fields
at 4d. per rood. One clergyman told him that the farm
men who tcok care of the horses got 9s. a week. The
average amount of wages was not more than 75.; thecom-
men wages were Bs,; but, as there was little work in
winter, 7s. would- be no average of the year. Deduct-
ing 3/. 10s. for rent of their cottas,e and garden, would
leave 181. 10s. or 6s. a week to the labourer ; and, if six
persons in family, that was not quite 2d. per head.
These were the wages throughout the whole agricultural
district in which he lived. :He would ask the Chairman
what provision would be made for any communication
that might be sent hereafter from the country ?
The Rev. WILLIAM M'KEnnow said that many had
been received from agricultural districts, of which a
digest should be made.
The CHAIRMAN said, gentlemen were about to speak
from those very districts, and he would call upon
The Rev. Mr. G OODE, of Gosport, Hants, who said
that he had given a statement yesterday as to the state
of the poor in Hants. He was commanded by Admiral
Boliverie; Governor of the Dock-yard at Portsmouth, to
express his cordial sympathy with the object of this Con-
ference, as also Sir George Staunton's, and a farmer's,
who said, "_Tell the Conference, though I am a farmer,
I would give 1,000/. myself if I could repeal the Corn-
laws."—(Great applause.) [At this period Thomas
Gisborne, Esq., late M.P., entered the room, and was in-
vited upon the pla.forrn.]
The Rev. Mr. MoRGAN, of Chichester, Sussex, said,
the mechanics of Chichester, if they had constant em-
ployment, would be satisfied with their wages, but
they were without work during four months every
year, and suffered much, being above seeking parochial
pay. The labourers' wages were 2s. to 2s-6d. a
day •, but they were out of work Ave or six months
of the year, and were supported by the parish and
private charity. The most respectable agricultural
labourers around Chichester and Western Sussex, two-
thirds being in constant employment, got 11s. to 12s. a-
week, but notwithstanding this they were much distresed
in consequence of the high price of corn ; for, although
their wages had been raised one-sixth, they had to pay
more than double for their bread.—(Hear, hear.) Since
the Poor-law they had lost their "head-money " (an
allowance in proportion to the number of children.) The
labourer could not buy meat or bacon, and lived much on
bread and potatoes.

The Re;.. M. A. GARVEY, Independent Minister of
London, who had been sent, and his expenses paid by
his people, said—he thought they ought to adjourn the
Conference to London, or, if not,,their acts would not
have the same effect on the country generally.
Mr. INCERaow said there had been no motion as to
the adjournment to London. It was a subject which re-
quired serious and calm deliberation in Committee.
Mr. MAssiE announced that there were four resolu-
tions—one concerns the Magistracy ; another the do-
mestic hospitality which the Ministers had received; an-
other regaris the Ministers
.of Conference, as to what

the Cominittee suggests would be expedient for them to
do ; and another concerned the Manchester Ministers ;

another, the most important, he believed, was that the
Council of the Anti-Corn-law League, with a liberality
that had never said " no" to anything of expense relating
to this Conference, were about to present an address to
the Conference, which was to be closed by an address
from Mr. George Thompson. 1 -
The Rev. W. GILES, Baptist Minister, of Liverpool
(amidst cries of " Spoke"), said he contended that if
those cultivating bad arable land would convert it into
pasture, they would do well. Next week 1,100 hands of
Lane and Co., Stockport, would be thrown out of work,
and 900 this week from Kerr and Co.'s. In Liverpool,
60,000 persons were barely existing in dark, damp cellars.
The Rev. Mr. MASSIE moved, and the Rev. Mr.
M`KEnnow seconded, a resolution, calling upon Mr. Gis-
borne, late M.P. for Carlow, to address the meeting.
The CHAIRMAN put the question, and it was carried
unanimously.
Mr. Gissor.NE declared it was alleged that the Corn-
laws were necessary for the protection of the farmer.
Upon that point he had a personal quarrel with those
laws ; because they did not protect him. He happened
to be a large farmer, and occupied 500 acres at the pre-
sent moment. The Corn•laws were made in order to
enable the farmers of Lincolnshire and Essex to grow
corn for the supply of the British people. A price of
from 50s. to 70s. was necessary fo that purpose ; but he
could not grow corn at COs. or 7 .. If he were to at-
tempt to do so in North Derbys re he should be ruined.
Now, he wanted to know why the principle of protection
should be applied to the farmers of Lincolnshire and
Essex, and withheld from those of North Derby ? Why
should the former be raised up to a thawing point, whilst
the latter were left just below Zero ?—(Applause.) That
very circumstance proved that the principle was good
for nothing ; for it was not applicable even to all the
. .

agriculturists of this country.
The Rev. WALTER SCOTT, of Airedale College, near
Bralfurd, said he came there as the delegate from the
Operative Anti Corn-law Association at Bradford, who
were delighted when they heard of this meeting. He
had seen a good deal of the operatives in Bradford, and
a short time ago he went into the cellar of one of them
who had emigrated from the agricultural districts a few
years ago when trade was bad. The change from a
bracing good air to the unwholesome air of a cellar affect-
ed their health. Five of them were dependent upon the
labour of one child at a factory, and one day he found
that that girl had to return to her work without any
dinner.—(Hear, hear). He could state many other facts
of the same kind. This was not merely a poor man's
question for the skill and capital of their employers was
as necessary to them as their industry. He moved

" That this Conference, without wishing to recommend
the exercise of any authority that the constitution does
not give or prescribe any course to be pursued by the
members of it, after its dissolution ; yet this Conference
consider that considerable efficiency may be given to its
proceedings, if, in their several localities, they avail
themselves of the press, and by congregational petitions
to both Houses of Parliament."
.

The Rev. Mr..SOLLY, of Yeovil, seconded the motion,-
-which was unanimously agreed to.
The Rev. Mr. JONES, a Welsh Calvanist minister of
Wrexham, said that nothing had been said about the
mining interest. In consequence of the depression of the
iron trade, there were in the town of Wrexham hun-
dreds of miners who were out of work, and who would
starve but-for the exertions of the benevolent. A short
time ago, 750 colliers came all at once to the Board of
Guardians at Wrexham. There was great alarm, and sol-
diers were sent for; but the men were quite peaceable; all
they wanted they said was work. The Board of Guar-
dians could do nothing. fur them, except a little relief
temporarily ; and about 250 of them were admitted into
die workhouse. Great distress prevailed, and it was the
general opinion that it was owing to the Corn-laws.
The Rev. Mr. SMITII, one of the tutors of Rotheram
College, moved, " That the heartfelt thanks of this Con-
ference be returned to the gentlemen with whcm it origi-
nated, and by whom its preliminary arrangements
were executed; and also to the numerous friends in Man-
chester and its neighbourhood for their hospitality."
The Rev. WILLIAM AULD, of Greenock, seconded
the resolution ; and
The motion then passed ; and
The Rev. Mr. MASSIE said, perhaps it might be pro-
per that the originators of the Conference should ac-
knowledge the compliment which had been paid them.
He and his brother, Mr. M•lierrow, had, in some mea-
sure, the responsibility of the parentage—(Applause)
and they should defer making an attempt at a suitable
acknowledgement until the afternoon.
The CHAIRMAN then adjourned the 'Conference to
half-past four.

AFTERNOON SITTING.
The members assembled at .the usual hour in the af-
ternoon.. The uall was; if possible, more crowded than
at any former sitting. The Rev. Thomas Spencer in
the Chair.
A motion was then made and agreed to for the admis-
sion of a deputation from the Anti-Corn-law League, to
which reference had been made in the early part of the
day.
The Deputation then entered the hall, headed by. Sir
Thomas Potter, with whom was Richard Cobden, Esq.,
M.P., William Rawson, Esq., G. Wilson, Esq., and
Messrs. Kershaw, C. J. S. Walker, Elkanah Armitage,
J. Bazley, jun., A. Prentice, William Bickham, with
George Thompson, Esq., and other gentlemen connected
with the League.
They were received with loud and reiterated applause.
Mr. Ald. CQBDEN then read the following address :
" To the Christian Ministers of all denominations in
Conference assembled, for the consideration of the
laws restricting the food of the people, the Address of
the Executive Council of the Anti-Corn-law league in
Manchester.
" REVEREND SIRS—We beg respectfully to tender you
our -earnest and grateful thanks for the zealous and truly
Christian services which you have rendered to the cause
of suffering humanity, and to express our acknowledg-
ments for the sanction which your dignified proceedings
have given to our past labours, and from which we shall
derive increased encouragement and a new stimulus to
our future efforts.
" The religious world will regard the acts of your
Conference as a noble illustration of the true spirit of a
Christian ministry, whose benign influence can never be
more consistently exerted than when vindicating the
cause of the poor and destitute.
" We highly appreciate the minute and startlin,-: array
e
of evidence brought by you from all parts of the mpire,
and proving on such unimpeachable testimony the physi7
cal and moral degradation of great numbers of the people,
as well in the agricultural as in the manufacturing coun•
ties. You have thus made it manifest that, during the
long continuance of extreme scarcity and dearness of
provisions consequent upon unwise and unjust legisla-
tion, the condition of the labouring classes has rapidly
deteriorated—that the demand for labour has declined—
that wages (notwithstanding the assertion of the mono-
polists to the contrary) have materially decreased—and
that, from these causes, multitudes of our industrious
fellow-countrymen have been cruelly and needlessly sub-
jected to all the evils cf misery, disease, and premature
death.

" SyMpathising with you in the still augmenting dis-
tress of our poorer brethren, and fortified by the facts
with which your testimony has supplied us, we shall
continue to advocate, and with renewed energy, the abo-
lition of these impious laws, which, by limiting the food
of the people, and restricting the demand for labour,
have been the main source of the manifold ills now al-
flicting the community.
" Whilst giving expression to our grateful thanks of
the inestimable value of your present labours, permit us
to beseech your continued efforts in furtherance of the
righteous and philanthropic work in which, as Christian
ministers, you have engaged.
" We would earnestly entreat you, in your respective
spheres of usefulness, individually to use the influence
of your sacred calling in awakening the public mind to
the national importance of this great question.
" We rely on the moral weight of your example ; we
trust much to the efficacy of your pulpit exhortations ;
we feel that to your supplications at the throne of the
the Most High the poor and wretched may yet look with
humble hope, and in the Christian confidence that jus-
tice, so long denied, will at last be rendered them ; and
resting with firm reliance on your pious and patriotic ef-
forts, we look forward with well-grounded assurance to
the early and triumphant issue of a struggle on which
depends the happiness or misery of millions of our fellow-
creatures, and the prosperity or irretrievable ruin of our
beloved country.
Mr. Cobden, on concluding the address, was greeted
with loud cheering.
A motion that the address be received, and entered
upon the minutes of the Conference, was then made and
agreed to.

—[Mr. George Thompson then addressed the meeting.
We cannot find room for the speech to-day, but it is too
good to be abridged, and we shall, therefore, take the
first opportunity of giving it at length.]
Votes of thanks were then passed to the Chairman, to
the Ministers of Manchester, for convening the Confer-
ence, and the Honorary Secretaries, which closed the
proceedings of the Convocation.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAT.
POST.—The position of Ministers at the present mo-
ment is anything but an enviable one. In addition to
the painful consciousness that they are doomed to a
speedy expulsion from the offices. they
,love so ,well.,
thee suffer from several minor causes of affliction 'and
embarrassment. They begin at last, we are credibly in-
formed, to repent the unprincipled tenacity of office
which prevented their resignation when the House of
Commons had declared that they were unfit to govern
the country, and which again forbade them to resign
when the people of the United Kingdom had de-
clared that in this instance, if in no other, the House
of Commons had spoken truly and acted well.
It cannot, indeed, excite much surprise that Mi-
nisters should look 'forward to Tuesday next with
anxiety and alarm ; and still less can the embarrass-
ment and distress in which they have laboured
so diligently and successfully to involve themselves
• excite any commisseration or sympathy in the minds of
honourable men. We see honest and straightforward
men of all classes of society and in every quarter of the
town rubbing their hands with infinite glee while they
j ask each other, " What are Ministers to say in the
Queen's Speech, which the Queen will not speak for
them, on Tuesday ?" The conjectural replies to this
question- are various and even opposite. But however
they may differ in other respects, every reply that can
be given to the question is equally an indication
and presage of the weakness, confusion, and disgrace
to which Ministers are irrevocably doomed—self-
doomed. Will they make the Corn-law question, upon
which they have just appealed to the country, a prominent
topic of the Queen's Speech ?or will they not ? Weak-
ness, confusion, and disgrace must result from either de-
termination. In the former case they will swell the ma-
jority against them on the address by the votes 'of all
those Mmbers who, though disposed to yield to Minis-
ters their general support, have been returned to Parlia-
ment upon the faith that they will maintain without
flinching the interests of British agriculture. In the- lat-
ter they will excite the disgust and incur the contempt
of the whole body of their free-trade partisans, who will
very naturally and justly accuse them of betraying and
sacrificing the cause by so pusillanimous and treacherous
a display of the white feather. Here is one stumbling-
block in the path of Ministers, and we have some reason
to surmise that up to this moment the Cabinet. is very far
from unanimous as to the manner in width they shall
attempt to overcome it.
HERALD.—When men begin to despair of making
head against a successful adversary, but arc afraid to
avow, publicly, the fact of their despair—they are
pretty sure to give out that his forces are distracted by
internal divisions. They attempt to disparage the repu-
tation of his success by ascribing to him a thousand ac-
cidental advantages—which he really never possessed ;
—and to console themselves for the shame of present
defeat, by anticipations of future discomfiture to their
rivals through divided councils, and the factious preten-
sions of their members. The language which is held by
the organs of our Whig-Radical Government has, for
some time past, afforded amusing indications of this
very ancient and somewhat clumsy policy. The
whole stock in trade of their hopes and prospects of a

return to power consists of reiterated speculations on
the difficulties which it is assumed must necessarily
beset Sir Robert Peel in his attempts to reconcile

the conflicting claims and views of his various sup-
porters. One of these organs—a cackling hen, which
sits upon every mare's-nest, entertains that primitive race
of persons who are really its "readers," with a daily
elaboration of this fond absurdity. A great deal of
allowance, of course, is to be made for the habitual im-

pressions on these subjects which the thorough-going
hack in the service of Whiggery " all over the world,"
must have acquired in the course of so long a period
of equivocal services as it has now devoted to the
cause of the most sordid and selfish party to whose hands
the destinies of this empire were ever confided. The
whole of that party seem to treat the notion of a great
public leader attempting to govern this country upon
any certain and defined bases of an enlarged and pub-
lic-spirited policy—without being deterred from the
prosecution of his generous object, by inability to
provide place, office, emolument, or pension for all the
needy relatives and greedy dependents of a party in
possession of power—as a height of romantic virtue oa
which it would be mere idiotcy to speculate. We are
told by one of these organs that " in sober earnestness
there is at the very threshold of power a most serious
division in the Conservatioe ranks." And what (do the
public imagine) is this assumption founded upon ?

need

Upon, truly, a most portentous, a most formidable con-
junction of circumstances. It seems that the Morning
Post has actually fallen out with the Times ! Nay,
more—that the Times has intimated some hesitation and
doubt whether it may feel disposed to extend its patron-
age and support to the new Government I—the Times
condemning the existing Corn-laws, and intimating its
hope, rather than its expectation, that the first official
act of Sir Robert Peel will be to put them down ; and
the Post,on its own " assurance"—of " enjoying the
full • confidence of the leaders" of the Conservative
party—pledging itself with as much energy as may
be supposed to enter into its composition, " that Sir
Robert Peel entertains no such views as the Times
has rashly imputed to him." It is time that this sort
of delusion should cease. Sir Robert Peel is at the
head of a party, the principles of which the Whig-Radi-
cals never will be taught to appreciate. The true in-
terests of the public service, the course which may best
consist with the public honour, the policy whiCh may
best consolidate the public safety, will be the great ob-
jects of all Conservative Government—no matter under
what leader. The same disinterestedness which they
have already displayed in opposition, the same steady
devotion to the I, elfare of the empire,—not to the per-
sonal aggrandisement of the Memers of their own
party,--will be their characteristic qualifications for offi-
cial power, their irresitible claims on public confidence.
The inherent distinction between the principles of the
Whig-Radicals and those of the Conservatives, will
acquire, from day to day, increased development ;
and a grateful country will learn to render due honour
to public men whose first care for the public service
will be—to provide efficient and trustworthy servants
.for the discharge of all its various duties, and the main-
tenance of their establishments on a footing of perma-
nent vigour and activity. Such, in short,is the just
authority or influence, among the Conservatives, of the
principles for the vindication of which they have so suc-
cessfully combined all the various classes of a party
(" of the same name, but of a different nature " as the
Government Journal phrases it)—that the leader of
that party must respond to them. - He will no more ven-
ture, be he who he may, to depart from them, on any
essential points or leaaing questions, even to retain the
" confidence " of the Morning Post (I) or to propitiate
the sanction of the Times, than the party itself will ever
venture to forfeit its popularity and authority with the
country by imitating the shameless nepotism of the
Whigs, in swamping the public departments and the
higher classes of office with their troublesome depen-
dents or needy relatives;—whenever the long line of
Elliots and Cowpers and Russells and Greys and Foxes
which have been provided for, by the especial champions
of Parliamentary Reform, shall have left any vacancies
for other Ministers to supply I•
TIMES.—The fastest friends of the present Corn-
laws, in effect, if not in intention, are the Jacobin blas-
phemers, who, with a profaneness too glaring to be called
hypocrisy, daily pollute the most sacred names and
subjects for the purposes of faction. We say, for the
purposes of faction ; because, although we think it by
no means a mark'of faction to argue against the Corn-
laws, we look upon it as perfectly clear that the mass of
folly, falsehood, and wickedness, which disfigures a cer-
tain portion of the Ministerial press, is not, even by those
who use it, imagined to be argument at all. It is the
misshapen offspring, on the one hand, of the selfishness
of certain class-interests, whose motive for agitating this
question is the desire of gain, which they would wil-
lingly secure to-themselves by any amount of public or
private mischief, and who look upon the excitement of
popular passions and the dissemination of popular
fallacies as the nearest road to their end. On the
other hand, it is taken up by a political party,
always unscrupulous enough, but now in a rabid state,
and gnashing its teeth under the pangs of recent defeat.
Anything to inflame the people is their motto : they
cast about for the materials of sedition with the energy
of men whose existence is at stake. If an opportunity
offers at the same time to degrade and dishonour the
name of religion, it is eagerly seized, as being quite in
the way of their trade. Lr fact, when they take religion
into their loathsome oiabrace, and still more, when they
prevail upon any of the outward professors of religion
to become accomplices in this prostitution o' sacred
things, they probably appear to themselves to be answer-
ing a double purpose, and killing two birds 'with one
stone. But in this, as in many other things, they are
gross self-deceivers. They cannot succeed in -bringing
religion into contempt, because England is a religious
country, and they arc universally known to .be hol-
low impostors, scorners • of everything like real reli-
gious principle. Still less can they palm upon the
people at large (whatever they may do with weak and vain
and not entirely disinterested men like Mr. Baptist
Noel) the belief-that their uncharitable blasphemies are
either-honestly meant, or true in Fact. Every candid op-
ponent of the Corn-laws feels indignation at the at-
tempt to represent what (as the Wesleyan Conference
accurately stated) is "primarily a question of political
economy," as a religious question ; and shudders at the
Jaeobinisra which stigmatizes all who think differ-
ently as tyrants who " cannot with a clear conscience
ask for their daily bread." Such arguments will help no
cause ; they carry their own condemnation palpably
written upon the face of them ; they dishearten and dis-
gust intelligent and honourable friends, inspire enemies
with a confidence, both moral and intellectual, in their
own views, and convince neutrals that measures which
to be so supported must be rotten even to the core

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.
FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
TIMES.—To-day's accounts from Manchester mention
a better tendency in ithe manufacturing market, conse-
quent upon the very improved state of the weather, and
the more staple appearance of the cotton market at Li-
verpool.
The news from China brought by the New York
papers is generally credited in the City, but, at present,
it does not in the slightest degree corroborate that lately
received by way of Marseilles and Paris. On the con-
trary, so far as it goes, it is at variance with it, as none
of the facts, some of which are of an official character,
and by no means unimportant, are at all adverted to,
though the date of the " news" through France was
stated to be much later. However, it is unnecessary to
pursue the subject further at present, as the arrival of
the next mail, which may be shortly looked for, will
set the whole mutter at rest. The feeling of the trade
was strongly shown to-day, as, although Saturday is not
a day of much business in tea, the decline in value was
full 2d. per lb.
CHRUNICLE.—The quarterly returns of the weekly
liabilities and assets of the Bank of England, just pub-
lished, when compared with the preceding returns, show
an increase in the circulation of 407,0001.; in the de-
posits an increase of 210,0001.; in the securities an in-
crease of 737,000/, and in the bullion a decrease of
64,0001.; the stack on hand of the latter being 5,206,000/.
There is an increase in the " rest" of 56,0001. The in-
crease in the circulation may be attributed to the pay-
ment of the July dividends, which always create a tem-
porary " flush" in the Money Market. But the increase
in the securities shows that the Bank Directors had also
been increasing . their discounts when they relaxed the
rule of confining their negotiations to bills not having
over sixty days to run. The impression, however, pro-
duced by a consideration of these returns is not particu-
larly agreeable, for we see symptoms of the bad old
system, viz.. an increase of the circulation simultaneous
with a decrease in the bullion. It was owing to this
pernicious course of policy that the Directors found it
necessary for self-preservation to apply the " screw" with
such convulsive and disastrous force in 1839. We trust
they will avoid splitting on the same rock in 1842.
HERALD.-1t is hardly worth while to revert to the
peevish assaults of the City Times, of which another for-
lorn hope is pushed forward to-day, about the Macao
letter of April 27, the:crying sin after all of which is that
the Herald had it, and the Times had it not, but it may
be as well to remark that, although the Canton news re-
ceived in New York by the ship Akbar may not be con-
sidered as perfectly authentic so far as it rests upon the
sole authority of. Captain Dumaresq, the commander of
the vessel, yet, exclusive of the additional fact that pri-
vate letters of the 16th of April are referred to as having
been seen by the editor of the New York Mercantile Price
Current, which in their tenor render the probabilities of
the Macao letter stronger, it should be remembered that
extracts from Canton papers are actually given to the
I Ith of April, showing the apprehensions of an unfa-
vourable turn in affairs, which it will hardly be sup-
posed were forged by the captain or editor, or both
jointly, any more than Capt. Senhouse's letter of the 7th
of April, which stands in the light of an official docu-
ment. And what object—cui Bono—could these Ame-
ricans have to falsify news or forge newspaper extracts ?
The statements impartially given, both on the favourable
and unfavourable side resulted in lowering the prices of
the Chinese produce brought by the Akbar, which it
should have been the policy of Capt. Dumaresq at least
to have endeavoured to raise. As to the ludicrous in-
crimination of the Times about being "tale-bearers," for
such is the stigma cast for inserting certain news from
Gclignaui's Messenger received by extraordinary express
atconsiderable expense, it is only necessary to say that the
" tale-bearer" at second-hand, as the Times was on the
same occasion, must be by far the most culpable party
(if blame there was) for having sinned with its eyes open
after 24 hours' reflection. As to the " tale-makers," that
is an account: which must be left to be settled by the
Times with its own correspondent of the Semaphore at
Marseilles, with whom the tale originated, and by whom
invented, if invented it was.
POST.—Letters from Lancashire mention that a num-
ber of irregularities have occurred in that part of the
country and elsewhere in the north in the treatment of
bills of exchange. Bills representing bona fide transac-
tions have, in innumerable instances, been refused pay-
ment by the acceptors, who have nevertheless maintained,
and do so still, a respectable standing in the commercial
world. The only kind of settlement that could be
effected has been in the payment of a small proportion
of the amount drawn for in cash, or an order on London,
with a renewal of the remainder at four or six months ;
and this notwithstanding that the bills have in most cases
the indorsements of firms esteemed safe in Liverpool,
Glasgow, and other leading places of business. In the
instances referred to there have been no outward stop-
pages, but, to attempt any other mcde cf arrangement
than that which we have pointed out, has been found
useless, the more general plea offered by parties for a
departure from the usual routine being, that sales of
goods are impracticable, and that the banks are affording
so little or no accumulation.
A system of gambling in corn is going on upon a
large scale, and it will appear a novel one to the majority
of our readers. A speculator engages to give so many
shillings per quarter for the "call" of wheat for the
month of November, and so on, upon the same principle
that a "put and call" may be obtained in the Consol
Market. This desperate game bids fair to result in seri-
ous disaster to the Bulls, or parties going for the rise.
ADVERTISER.--We have reason to believe that
affairs in Canada are going on better than the journals of
America would represent, for the opposition to the exist-
ing Government was no greater than ever, if we are not
misinformed.
The interesting intelligence received from China, via