The Sun.
London, England, 1841-01-15 00:00:00

'NOTICE. •

141.14/
H
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ILOSS OF HER MAJESTY'S SHIP FAIRY.
111 E Public is earnestly appealed to in Behalf
,) or the WIDOWS and ORPHANS of the SEAMEN
„? perished in this unfortunate Vessel.
NtNlbseriptions are received by Captain Phipps Hornby, C. 8.,
.'"lwiell • 1 M C tts and Co.'s, Strand ; and at
, asoat . essrs. ou
Lubbock and Co.'s, Mansion-house-street.

Now ready, in 2 vols. post Bvo., with 12 Illustrations,
11 E SPORTSMAN in FRANCE,
RAM nt Comprising
-ES THROUGH PICARDY and NORMANDY,
And BOAR SHOOTING in LOWER lIRITANY.
By FREDERIC TOLFREY, Esq.
Henry Collnini, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.
To be had of all Booksellers.
RIIS MAJESTY the EMPEROR of
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120 TEEDS several DISTRIBUTIONS of MONEY
eft WNDS, which (though they are NO LOTTERIES)
erraany possibilities of obtaining
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b, E NEXT DISTRIBUTION, contains SEVEN HUN.
"s 0 DIVIDENDS, amounting to £72,170,
T'no Dividends being
R2i,000 £OOO £l2O £BO
?MOO 400 110 70
• '4)00 • 2OO 100 60
1,010 150 • 90 50 Sterling.
too

uNti• HEATRE. ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN.
t'itthe MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS.
W`,ji••• THIS EVENING, 'JAN. IS.
presented Shakspere's Comedy (with Music) of
I; THE MERRY WIVES OF WINDSOR.
theVohri Falstaff, Mr. Bartley ; Master Slender, Mr. C. Ma-
; Pord, Mr. Cooper ; Fenton, Mr. W. _Harrison ; Mrs.
IG, Mr,. Nisbett ; 'Mrs P
. age, Madame Vestris; Ann Page,
4 Raioforth, Mrs. Quickly, Mrs. C. Jones.
Ilk , • After which,
NEB' GRAND CHRISTMAS PANTOMIME will be

THE repeated, entitled
—c• CASTLE OF OTRANTO; OR, HARLEQUIN
AND THE GIANT HELMET.
Pattlequin, Mr. C. J. Smith ; Clown, Mr. T. Ridgway ;
'Fu", Mr. ; Columbine, Miss Fairbrother.
114 °•tnorrow, The Midsummer Night's Dream, with The New
Monday,lie:. the Midsummer Night's Dream, with The
/)„.. ntornirne.
%,`,7rs to be opened at half-past Six—the performances to
i,erice at Seven o'Clock.
• kt,„litets and places for the Boxes to be. taken of Mr. Grogan.
tp,'"e Box-offic.e, froM 'Ten till Four, where Season Tickets
)/ be had upon application.
tird"'.lloxes, ; Second Price, 3s. 6d.; First and Second
%, ss; ; Second Price, 2s. 6d. ; Pit, 32.; Second Price.
16.Pvete Boat. to be had solely of Mr. Andr.ovs, bookseller
s',-,'Zevir Bond-street. • - . .

T ROYAL SURREY ,THEATRE.
—4lnlihant •Success—lmmenseWovelty—Crowded Houses—
. •, Fifth Night of Ainssorth's Tower oft London.
I'H 'IS EVENING, JAN. 15. '
ag ;acted a Grand- Historical Romance, founded on and
• entitled
The abl - THE TOWER OF LONDON.
fm,„7:LeaattVivans, -splendid Costume, and Appointments,
Aft betsigns -of the celebrated George Cruikshanks
which w ill be repeated the Grand Traditionary Pantomi.me,
entitled
nOREY
• 11114.1471 th 144A.NTBIlYSPIADLY. 11---(11iFNI) OGRdStING S.
t unrivalled Artistes, the Boleno Family; Mr.
tiZ43,.the Original Closn; Miss Sharpe, Columbine ; and
wit"--Ir4ll. Gyronastique, Signior Felix Carlo, from Fran-
'Land DinPraamniC
, at
per o .frm • concluding with Brunning's
Synopsis of Syria.

11174---
rhlgßllll WATER AT LONDON'BRIDGE THIS.'AI.
.2.2 minutes alter 7. I Evening • 6:nuvutes atter 7

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LONDON:
, .
FRIDAY, JANUARY ]5, IE4I.
The present duty on heat is 265. Bd., and
altp
Yof our people are perishing from cold and
w4line. We scarcely ever look into a Journal
ithou.
finding, as in the Courier of last evening,
ttte articles with headings of this description ;
`ltAllis
RO M STARVATION. Every such
keltrith ought to be headed CORN-LAW MURDERS,
144 t: it Will probably be useful to the good cause
then t° give) in a few words, a correct description of
Isth r effects of that law. The cases, however,
,IT'ell are broiviht before the public, through the
tnnientality of a Coroner's inquest, do not form
4-the, nor the hundredth part of those whom that
thWi e"tinually puts to death. Men sacrifice other
l
4;tigs to procure food—clothes, fuel, shelter—all
the dispensed with to obtain bread ; and whatever
r.etefore deprives the people of bread deprives them
trt °F clothes, fuel, and shelter.'
Aut weoty•six shillings and eight-pence is now the
61/ °II a quarter of wheat, while the price is
(1.; consequently at this moment, in this
my weather, when the most comfortable cloth-
Ingi) the largest fires, and the driest shelter, arc re-
'c4ll4.ttsed to preserve life and health, the Corn-law
a°fl very nearly one-third of every man's loaf,
.ik'he-h"Prives all the poor of food, clothing, fuel, and
What an unspeakably barbarous and
• crue l jaw.
11ee coal mines of England are inexhaustible ;
"wet to manufacture clothing is absolutely
OOt nliinited and illimitable ; her command (naturally,
"impeded by
full timber duties) over foreign timber,
y equal to her manufacturing powers ; and
41,1 ,B.lnentlY the means of clothing, sheltering,
nu:. "
winning the people, by their own industry, are
Mi
Of and inexhaustible. But all these bounties
Plovidence, 'all these testimonies to its infinite
~,R?°th'ess, are rendered vain and unavailable by the
'''l9kedness of the Legislature in decreeing and in
',41.4ce1-114intaining, in spite of warnings and demands, the
d Corn-law.
br Will the electorS of Walsall by their votes for a
kead-taxer, ismiction and confirm this murdering
t 114? Will they make themselves accessories, now
that_t_ile fact is known, to the wilful starvation of
foe 1"Ple ? Porbid it justice, forbid it humanity,
)41 it reli,Tio
I
the The bread-taxers, we see, impudently boast in
dis
'r's ,111"'"ittp; Post, that ‘,the Wesleyan Metho-
ve, with a very few exceptions, resolved to
te " hatheir influence into Mr. GLADSTONE'S
ttlae The Episcopalians, the Puseyites, the
i;os' Papists, and other deriders of and deserters
0111''cr the upright and fearless Protestantism of our
4,5, would no doubt be very ready to catch the
1
t "leyans in their net. In every part of the coun-
irY the Episcopalian priesthood, whose pecuniary
ofltere3i ls boiled up with the maintenance
fa the Corn-law, have lectured and spoken in its
Svc"ir' and dot vp petitions against abolishing it.
o tcilliec°ontindutert, has added very much in every part
t e
to the unpopularity of the Episcopal
thtit.Y. The names of the Bishops who voted for
..Hlavi, have been paraded in many popular
'• r

0%/ice

!journals... Titcd, apparently,
,of the. ITorri",ir: an
popularity which makes- their religious teaching.
most unwelcome, the EpisCopalians now wish to
*have co-partners in this iniquity, and, impudently
assert that the Weslcyans throw their influence
into Mr. GLADSTONeS -Stale. It is impossible.
No man with a spark, of religion, no man who
wish -es to impress on the world a reverence. for the
ALMIGHTY and make it rely ,on a good and just-
GOD, can vote for a law, or contribute in any way
to support a law, which interposeS, in the man,
. .
ner the Corn-law interposes,. as , above. described,
between man and his Maker. -GOD gives
abundance to our industrious people, but the law
decrees starvation and death. The Correspondent
of the Morning Post calumniates the Wesleyans.
Even if they have, in ignorance of the terribk
effects of the Corn-law, promised Mr. GLAD-
STONE, such a promise cannot bind them to be the
murderers of their hapless fellow-countrymen. If
they support him, they will make Wesleyan Me-
thodism a by-word with the people, who will sepa-
rate from it as from a pestilence.

The subscription which is now opened for widows
and orphans of the seamen lost in the Fairy, of
which an advertisement appears in our columns,
will, we hope, be worthy of the country. On the
seamen it must ever rely for protection, and too
much cannot be done to convince them that if their
lives be sacrificed in the public service the public
will take care of their relatives and friends.

Dr. ADAM SMITH stated, and we beg that
our readers will remember that he wrote the memo-
rable words before our Bank Restriction Act was
called into existence, before the French Revolu-
tionary .Government had issued
.itB assignao, and
before the several anti-Revolutionary Governments.
of Europe, those of Austria, Russia, Denmark,
Prussia, &c., had acted on the same principles as
the Revolutionary Government of France, and
issued immense quantities of paper in payment of
debts which afterwards became almost valueless,
and destroyed the fortunes of many individuals—
Dr. ADAM SMITII, writing somewhere about the
year 1770, and therefore ignorant of the many Mal-
versations of Government, in respect to money,
which have since his time so amply confirmed his
memorable words, said that Government, by tam-
pering with the currency, had " sometimes pro-
duced a greater and more universal revolution in
the fortunes of private persons than could have
been occasioned by a great public ealamity.'i
Since his time the stream of -theory has set in
against enlarging the powerS of- Gov-ernment in
respect of the currency, while the stream .of -prac-
tice has set in the opposite direction, and Govern-
ments have been,
,and are, importuned to' meddle
Kith it. Since his time, however, it has been
found much more easy and convenient for Govern-
ment to practice their scandalous trickS with the
paper money, which is now in-general use, than with
coin, and the brief allusions above made show bow
common has been the practice all over Europe. In-
deed the almost universal degradation of paper money
in Europe about the commencement of the present
century is a somewhat striking example of the influ-
ence of some general laws on the conduct of princes
and statesmen, while they are entirely ignorant of
the influence under which they are acting. •
Governments are supposed, particularly when they
are representative Governments, to be -responsible
to the people ; and yet, though they have acted
under this responsibility, they have first, with me-
tallic money, and since with paper money, continu-
.ally_pliyid,scandalous tricks which have produced
a greater and more universal revolution in the for-
tunes of private persons than could have been oc-
casioned by a great public (or natural) calamity.
We cannot be. surprised, therefore, at the stream
'of theory having set in the direction stated--while
we must feel and express great surprise that the
stream'of practice should have set in an opposite
direction. iMOM

The power has now, indeed, passed in some
measure from the hands of Government into the
hands of merchants ; from those who were, and are,
responsible to the whole people to those who are
only responsible to a narrow constituency of proprie-
tors ; from Parliament acting tin public to a few
Bank Directors, acting in secret. The Bank of Eng-
land, managed by a few merchants, not always of
the most reputable character or most undoubted
resources, is now ". the regulator of the currency."
So it was yesterday styled by the Morning Chro-
nicle aid Times, and so it is frequently styled.
Thus an immense power, which no Government
ever possessed without abusing it, is now, by our
practice, in direct opposition to all sound theory,
placed in the hands of a few irresponsible mer—
chants, who have a strong interest in abusing it,
and who do continually abuse
It has, also, been stated by the great authority
above quoted, that Government cannot direct, with
advantage, individuals how to employ their capital,
and the whole of SMITH'S work is directed against
Government meddling with trade. We have the equal
authority of Dr. FRANKLIN, for declaring tha
an assembly of legislators endeavouring to regulate
commerce is the greatest fool on earth. The wisdom.
of these two great me❑ on this point, has since
they wrote been amply confirmed by many facts, of
which our own Corn-law, Timber-duties, Sugar-
duties, &c., are examples. There is as little reason,
thei.efore, to extend the power of responsible go-
vernment
over commerce as over the currency.
What, then, shall we say when we find the same
irresponsible body, which has become the regulator
of the currency, also endowed with the power of
controlling and circumscribing commerce ? The
monied men and merchants of the city of London
knew what they were about when they decried the
action of Government on money and commerce,
and when they wet-tried that power, from its
hands, and usurped it for the Bank of • England.
This is the language of the writer of The Times'
City article yesterday :

" There is required evidently, in this state of things,
the most careful and judicious conduct on the part of
the Bank of England to give free scope to the new en-
terprise which has arisen among the trailing interest,
without encouraging overtr►ding and speculation. Af-
ter the lessons which the Directors have lately had on
the subject, and the responsibility they arc under at the
present moment to perform their exact duty to the coin
Pierce of the country, it is really to be hoped that they
will give to it all the encouragement that it ought to
receive, and in the manner best calculated to make that
encouragement effective. They have already lost more
than one similar opportunity in taking the alarm when
they ought to have felt and to have inspired confidence,
and have been punished for it by the lowest stock of bid
lion, taking the length of the time it has continued low,
that the Bulk has ever experienced."

So the regulator of the currency is also the
encourager, and, of course, the depressor of com-
merce, and the regulator of commerce. Our un-
taught and unlearned ancestors would have shrtnik
back with shame and anger at such a statement, and
would at once have resolved that these great
branches of society, necessary for the due nourish-
ment of the whole, should not be dependent on a
selfish narrow Company. Liberal-minded English-
men sometimes mock at the meddling of the King
of Pitusst A, or at the French Government, under-
taking to watch over and encourage commerce—
.l*.t what is their usurpation, foolish though it be, to
the usurpation of a few adventurers, stock-jobbers,
and merchants of the city of London undertaking
the same task, and conducting it with a view to
their private advantage
,? This is monstrous, more
monstrous than any proceeding of the most despotic
I.GOvernment :of tkly,(,iyiiti4o,t, and not to, t)e cre-

diied of The country in which the language of
ADAM Smirx is spoken, and in which his books
are considered to be authority.

We have little more than room to call the- at-
tention of the public to the Report of the meeting
held at Manchester on Monday, to 'take into con-
sideration the propriety of dissolving " the Man-
chester and Birmingham, Extension Railway Com 7
pany," and forming another on a much more en-
larged and comprehensive scale. The line, as
originally laid down,, made no pro Vision for the
transfer of traffic from the Great Junction ; and
consequently the town of Liverpool, and the vast
floating population, whose route to and from Lon-
don traverses that p'tace, would have been practically
excluded from the lieneflt of that line. The new plan,
theiefore, is to obviate these defects, and to
afford an opening bir the Trent Line for the
traffic between
.tondOn and Liverpool, as- well as a
vast proportion of that from Scotland and Ireland.
The Company Was accordingly dissovled ; another
will be formed in a few days, and the most active
measures will he adopted for carrying a new Bill
through Parliament this Session. This is a mea-
sure of such national importance that we trust no
personal interests on the part of landed proprie-
tors, or other Railway Companies, will be allowed
to throw obstructions in the way of its speedy com-
pletion.

The Madrid Journals, of the sth instant, have
arrived. By driving the POPE'S Nuncio from the
capital, the Regency has got itself into a very dan-
gerous dispuw with the clergy, which, in the pre-
sent distracted state of Spain, it was the excess of
folly to havte provoked. Queen CHRISTINA had
sent some, elegant presents from Rome to the
Duchess. of VICTORIA, to whom she again recom-
Mended, the care of her.children. The agitation
about the Douro question was subsiding, nor was.it
long's doubted that an amicable arrangement would
be ..made through : the mediation of Great Briton.
The Fives were, on the sth, at 284 on the Bourse
for cash.

There is no political news worth recording in the
French journals of Tuesday. In the circumstance
of the Frenca Government having prevented the
representation at the Theatre de la Renaissance of
a libel • upon her Majesty Queen VICTORIA and
Prince ALBERT, the French Opposition journals find
matter fur a fresh attack upon the SouLT-Gurzor
Cabinet. We have elsewhere given a long account
of this projected base and cowardly attack upon
one of the most deservedly popular Sovereigns and
most virtuous and exemplary women in the world,
nor do wd believe that there is -a man of honour
or a virtuous wife and mother in France, who will
not blush that so scoundrelly an attempt had been
made to asperse the immaculate parity of the do-
mestic life of the:Queen of ENGLAND. We are only
surprised that after the infamous celebrity France
has obtained for the cowardly atrocities committed,
less upon the persoa than the pure reputation of
the beautiful and unfortunate -MARIE ANTOI-
NETTE, there should be found a man of letters in
Paris so utterly loSt to all sense of shame-.. 50 en-
tirely forgetful of every principle of honour and
virtue that dignifies manhood—as to court 'for his
country any additional notoriety in this respect.
But much as it grieves us that such an author
should be found in Paris for the sake of France
herself, we are still more grieved that the suppres-
sion of his mean and malignant slanders
should obtain for him the sympathy of
any portion of the French daily press. Most
certain we are, that were the British stage to be
prostituted to any'attack upon the domestic charac-
ter of the King and Queen of the FRENCH, the
indignation of a London audience would hardly
suffer it to let the actors and actresses escape with
their lives. But, thank GOD, disaffected as are
our people, our very mobs know how to_ respect
domestic virtue in the highest as well as the lowest
rank of life.

The French Government received on Tuesday a
telegraphic despatch from Brest, which stated that
a treaty of peace had been concluded between
France and Buenos Ayres. It was certainly high
time for the settlement of a quarrel the origin of
which was so trifling, and-whose continuance was
so injurious to the commercial interests of France,
England, and the United States. The last ac-
counts from Buenos Ayres stated that the question
would be settled through the mediation of Mr.
MANDEVILLE, the British Minister, but no par-
ticulars regarding the ultimate arrangement appear
in the French Journals.

The following telegraphic dispatch from French
Africa was likewise received by the Government
on Tuesday afternoon :

TOULON, JAN. 11, 1841-ALGIEkS, JAN. 5.
" MARSHAL VALLEE TO THE MINISTER OF WAR.

" The province of Algiers is perfectly tranquil. The had
weather has interrupted our communications with Mcdeah.
" A slight engagement lately took place at Mostaganem,
in which the Arabs were defeated.

" The Constantine mail has not arrived."
The question of the fortification of Paris has lost
none of its interest for the French people. They
arc as eager to see Paris surrounded by strong walls
as if an allied army was again within a day's march
of the banks of the Seine. The correspondent of
a Contemporary, writing:upon this popular mania
for defensive walls on the part of a nation of heroes,
has the following just observations :

It is true that Paris is France, and that a person in pos-
session of the capital commands, by the system of cenlral-
isation latterly adopted, the whole of the departments.
True, so far as Paris is in communication with the pro-
vinces; but no longer true when Paris is isolated, and
cut off by a f,reign army from its usual support in the
interior. In such a case, if ever it should occur, r aris
will be an agglutination of human beings shut ap
within walls, depending for their daily food on supplies
from the outside, and having no means of being re-
lieved from any other quarter. • A beaten army—arid
we suppose the French army beaten, if the Allies
pierce so far as the 3 capital—would retreat fight-
ing on Paris, and take refuge in it. The rest
of 'France is left at the mercy of the enemy ;
and Par;s can only hold out as long as it has provisions
to maintain itself. The river, the great artery of supply,
both above and below the city, would 'ha barred by the
enemy—the roads leading in all directions would be cut
up. A blockade would be established within a distance
safe from sallies of the garrison, and what is to become of
Paris in the course of a few weeks? A million of people
will not willingly starve, and the gates will be opened to
the enemy the moment provision begins to fail. Recol-
lect that the French is not Spanish nature. Parisians
will not bear the same privw.lant endured at Saragossa,
Gerona, or Astorga ; and even if they would, a blockading
force would take care to leave them to their last rat ; for
such a force as should invade France would seal up, I may
say herm'etically, all approaches to the besieged capital.
All this is well known to the French Govern-
ment, and would be seen at a glance by the French
people, did not their ridiculous hostility to Eng-
land blind them to the presence of an engine de-
signed as a bridle upon their liberties. While
they foolishly fancy that they arc raisin, obstacles
to German—and English conquests, they are, in
reality, forging fetters for the limbs, and making
gags for the mouths, of French citizens. But
such is their infatuation, that nothing can save
them from the consequences of their own madness.
A letter from Aix-la-Chapelle, received at Paris yester-
day, announce the arrival of a body of 2,000 cavalry at
Maycoce. Another division of the same strength is ex-
pected in that city.--La Ft anc'.
The armaments continue in all the Italian Peninsula.
The King of Naples is raising his army to 100,000 men,
The King of Sardinia has, at this moment, a fine force of
infantry, which amounts to 72,000 men.
We have already spoken of the terrible hurricane which
commenced at Barcelona on the 22d of December, and
continued two days and three nights. Three ships of tire
French Royal Navy were in the- port—the Meleagre brig,
Captain Belvoze ; the Surprise brig, Captain Rigault de
Gcnouelly, and the Emancipation transport.
A letter from- M. Belvoze, of the 25th of December, to
the Minister of Marine, gives the following details --
‘• I shall not attempt to describe the storm which has
caused such immense disasters. The effects will show
better than any words of mine, the dangers which the
King's ships have so happily escaped. More than ten mer-
chant vessels sunk at different parts in the interior of the