The Sun.
London, England, 1823-04-28 00:00:00

LORD HOLLAND'S PROTEST.

After the debate and division in the House of
Lords on Thursday last, several Peers who had.
voted in the minority signed a divsentient, and
Lord HOLLAND entered the following protest
to the rejection of Lord ELLENDOROUGH'S mo-
tion :

Ist. Because it appears that we have been baffled in all our
endeavours, deceived by some and disregarded by other of our
Allies, and that the influence of Great Britain on the Conti..
vent has declined to a degree inconsistent With the vaunted
ascendancy of our Councils at the general pacification ofk;urope,
as well as humiliating to the feelings and injurious to the inte-
rests of the coantry.
2dly. Because the failure of our endeavours to prevent a
continental war, is to be traced to error in judgment and want
of firmness in the negociation. Those objections to the designs
of France, which a friendly anxiety for the independence of
Portugal should have suggested, and which a due regard for
our own welfare and even safety should have excited, were
either studiously concealed or pusillanimously softened down
during the whole discussion. Our negotiators were tender to
the aggressors, distant, cold, and even unjust to the aggrieved,
feeble in their remonstrances against the iniquity, earnest in
their representations of the inexpediency and danger of the
meditated war, as if the honour of the house of Bourbon, and
the prosperity of France, were the exclusive objects of English
Ministers solicitude; and the balance of power, the protection
of allies, and even the interests of Great Britain herself, were
but secondary considerations..
3dly. Because it was inconsistent with our professed disap-
probation of interference, derogatory to the character of impar-
tial mediators, and unfriendly to Spain, to suggest any altera-
tions in her internal government, with a 'view of allaying the
fears or saving the honour of France. Moreover, those mug-
gestions, highly objectionable in principle, held out no certain
prospect of advantage to Spain. It does not appear that we
were ever authorized to assure her, that on the adoption of the
modifications we recommended. France would desist front
further demands, and disband the army on her frontiers : on the
other hand, we were not
.prepared to enter into any engagements
for the protection of Spain, if her consent to the alterations in
her constitution so suggested by us had proved insufficient to
avert the hostility of France.
4thly. Because if Spain had been inclined to adopt the sug-
gested modification., as improvements in her Constitution, and
could she have done so with honour after the menacing lan-
guage anti conduct of foreign Powers on that subject, yet it was
notorious that others and serious obstacles stood in the way of
any such adjustment. Her laws forbade any proposal of inno-
vation on the Constitution of 1812 for a period of time which
has not yet elapsed ; and the members of her Government had
taken an oath to abide by that injunction. Prudence, therefore,
as well as religion and principle, deterred diem from comply..
ing with our ill-timed and officious advice. A Government en-
gaged in the great work of restoring and consolidating the an.
cient liberties of its people, could not violate a recent and fun-
damental law, without staking the confidence of mankind in
the stability of its institutions, and without furnishing, at a
moment of much irritation and some civil disturbances, new
grounds for distrust and suspicion, and fresh motives for' di-
vision and disunion.

6thly, Because a firm determination on the part of his Ma.
jesty's Government to resist all hostile aggression against Spain,
and an early and manly avowal of such determination, would,
in all probability, have counteracted that odious defiance of
public law which a great Northern Power is so forward to pro.
fess, and so anxious to inculcate, and might have diverted the
French King from those iniquitous and ambitious projects
which the course pursued by our Ministers has not prevailed
upon him to abandon.
daily, and Lastly, Because the neutrality of England during
a contest between France and Spain must be extremely preca-
rious. Should France prove successful, events would ensue
which would either involve us in immediate hostilities, or ma-
terially impair the sources of our prosperity in peace. The re-
vival of the family compact—the exclusion of our commerce
from all the possessions of both the branches of the House of flour-
bon—the exposure of Portugal to menace, invasion, and subju-
gation—the expedition of combined armaments for the recovery
of South Amenca—and the military ascendancy of France, on
those very coasts from which the most vulnerable parts of our
empire are accessible.
On the other hand, should Spain, by the nature of the war,
be provoked to commit acts of violence and outrage within her
own territories, and to engage in a species of wartare fully au..
thorized by the law of self-preservation, but peculiarly ob-
noxious at this moment to the other Powers of the continent.-
viz. the encouragement of insurrections and revolution in
France—we are not so blind to the lessons of experience, as not
to apprehend that compassion for individuals, and participation
in the fears of other states, may again, in spite of our intended
neutrality, involve us (as it has done before) in an extensive
war of opinion, alike repugnant to the principles of our can. atitutional Government and to every ruaxtin of ancient English
policy.
Even if those dangers be avoided, a protracted warfare be.
twecn two maritime powers, possessing such an extent of coast
as France and Spain, will expose our Merchants to innumerab/o
vexations and injuries, which in all probability must sooner or
later embroil us with one of the belligerents.

E MARK ETS.

CORN EXCHANOE, Amt. 20.

There was a good arrival of all descriptions of grain last
week, especially Oats. This morning our fresh supply is.only
moderate, the Wheat trade was not so brisk as Friday last, anti
the prices obtained this morning may be quoted at is. to 3s. per
quarter higher than last Monday ; Barley continues to sell on
much the same terms as last week ; Beans are 2s. per quarter
higher than this day se'nnight, and scarcely any Peas at Market;
Boiling Peas are again rather higher, and they Peas full 2s.
per quarter dearer; the demand for Oats continues very large,
and notwithstanding the quantity being considerable, this
article is Is. per quarter higher than was quoted last Monday.
Wheat, Red 4os 60s Pease, White .... ....... 32s 4thit
- White iOs 64s - Grey 30s :Us
Rye 24s 32s Beans l.4s 31:a
Barley 110 s 40s Oats 19s 2:;s
Malt 40s 60s Flour 43N Wis
ARRIVALS LAST WEEK..

Bnglish Wheat, 6,995—8ar1ey, 4,lo3—Malt, 9.3lB—Oats,
16,297—8ean5, I,ss4—Peas, 00—Irish Oats, 11,900—English
Flour, 8,650.

AVERAGE PRICE Or CORN IN ENGLAND AND WALES.
Wheat, 50s. 4d. ; Barley, 325. 7d. ; Oats, 225. LW. ; Rye,
28*. sd. ; Beans, 295. 44 ; Peas, 33x. Bd.
The Average Price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, computed
from the Returns made in the Week ending the 234 day of
April, 1823, is 345. 00. per cwt.

SMITHFIELD MARKET, APRIL 28.
The supply at market this morning, although not great, was
fully sufficient for the demand, and the prices of all description 4
of Cattle is rather dearer than on last Monday. Good Beef
was rather in demand, but a high price was asked for that
article.

To'sink the Offal, per stone of 81b.
Beef 3s 4d was 4d 1
1 Veal
:Dutton to utton 3s 4 4* 4(1. Pork
Lamb ,is 00 to fts 00.
RAY AND STRAW, rEll. LOAD.

Hay £3 10s to X 4 4N j Clover X.I Os to X 4 Las
Straw X') 10s to XI: lits.

The following Copy of a Letter from the Admiralty was on _
Saturday posted at cops _ -

*nOrally Olice, 24th April, 1823.
" SlR—Having laid before my Lords Commissioners of the
Admiralty your letter of the 22d inst. enclosing a letter ad-
dressed to you by the Merchants trading to Honduras, and re-
questing that a convoy may be granted from Honduras through
the Gulf of Florida, for such vessels as may be ready to sail
on the Ist of August next; I am commanded by their Lord-
ships to acquaint you, that they have transmitted copies of
vour letter and its enclosure to the Commander-in-Chief at.
Jamaica, with orders to hint to pay such attention to thjs re-
quest as his Majesty's service may admit of.
" I am, Sir, your obedient Servant,
" J. W. CROKER.
" John Young, Esq. Agent to the Settlement at Hondttras,
Upper Gower-street."

Yesterday morning two robberies were corn-
mated in the houses of Mr. Bradshard, Montague-
square, and Mr. Walker, Gloucester-place. In
the former house the thieves entered by the area,
and, forcing open the kitchen-door, succeed, d
in carrying off, after ransacking all the rooms, a
trunk full of valuable w eating apparel, and a ha k
check for 1101. In the latter, however, it is sup-
posed the same gang opened the hall-doer and timi-
ing nothing of a more portable description, the y
removed a handsome hallclock, with which they
escaped.

TIIE LONDON JOURNALS.

DAILY
Extracts from the Morning Papers, April 9.8.

[TILE 'MMES..]
The following are extracts from private letters
received from Paris :
" PARIS, Aram N.—The news from the Spanish army of
the west have suddenly ceased to be interesting. The army of
the Eastern Pyrenees bas now begun its movements, and will
for some time occupy public attention. The same system of
daily government estafettes is established between this part of
the invading force and the capital, as between Bayonne and the
same capital. The telegraph, however, is wanting, which con-
veys the tidings of a victory with such celerity from Bayonne
to Paris. By accounts from Vittoria of the 2.1 d, we learn that
a brigade and a half of the division of Bourck are proceeding
upon..Santona, asea-port of the Bay of Biscay, about twelve
leagues from St. Andero. The citadel or fortress of this place
is regarded as almost impregnable.
" The prisoners taken in the affair of Logrono arc said to
have arrived at head-quarters at Vio.oria on the :'.cl instant.—
They amount only to 1.50 or IQ, The division of Molitor
passed Pampeluna on the 16th inst., and proceeded directly
upon Saragossa.
" The crowds who hair' the French army as deliverers, and
the new Junta as their legitimate governors, shout, under the
dictation of the priests by whoM .they are led, " Viva el Re
absoluto !"—" Viva la Francis !"—" Viva Chrism, y tambien
la sante Inquisicion !"
" The French have been received as deliverers principally
in those places where the Army of the Faith exercised its accus-
tomed cruelties and robberies."

[monsnso ennosici.r..l
Already the general indignation in the Penin-
sula at the conduct of our Government at the
present crisis, begins to find a vent in the Letters
to this country, which are filled with loud but
merited reproaches and invectives. In one,from
a gentleman of high character and good informs.
lion, in the Peninsula, received on Saturday,
there is the• following passage :

" All along, both Spaniards and Portuguese have had their
eyes on England, more from motives of curiosity than interest ;
for, the leading' end enlightened part of our community' have
been well convinced of the duplicity of the British Govern-
ment on Peninsular :Midi's, although, till now, they never
could imagine that it would be supposed that England had
nothing to stake in what the French sought to realize ;
or that she had so far lost her influence on the Conti -
nent, as events have subsequently proved she has. This,
however, is her own look-out—fortunately, we, Pertimu-
lars, nave never trusted to the professions, of the Cannings
or the Londonderrys ; nor have we for a moment calculated on
any real or effective aid they, or their friends, might fed dis-
posed to give trs. We truistto our own resources—to the geod-
ness and justice of our cause---and our energies will render us
triumphant.—Still, let me remark, that we rejoice to see,
and feel the moat unbounded gratitude for the demonstrations.
made, and interest taken in our favour by the British people
and the British press, which wiill always endear Englishmen
to its, notwithstanding the abhorrence we feel towards their
Government, that evidently had made up their minds to sacri-
fice us to the Holy Alliance, long even before the Congress of
Verona uiet. Foreigners have liithrto been accustomed to view
hoth the people and Government of England as the champions
of freedom, interesting themselves for the welfare even of the
African ; but that same Govornment now would. give to us the
Inquisition and chains. They boast, and truly, of the benefits
of their own Constitution, and yet they dare to think we tire
undeserving of the same advantages ! Shame ! Let the British
Government go on ; let them trust to the professions and dis-
interestedness of the French fortunately, we are not so fool
hardy. 'We conquered our freedom once, under worse circum-
stances, and we will now take care we do not lose it again ; and
when we arc triumphant and havocome out of the struggle with
honour to ourselVes possibly the British Government will re-
spect us more. Then it will he ow duty to sec we arc not
cajoled."
IS such is the language of the Peninsulars already,
-what will they say when they read the late
peeches of a flarrowby and a Buckingham ?

[MORNING 11191,D.1
We have received by an express from Seville
a series of the Governtuent Papers, called El
Expectador up to the ]sth April, but they con-
tain no intelligence worth extracting. They are
filled with aecOunts., of petty skirmishes between
the Constitutional and Army of the Faith troops
in various parts of Spain, in all of which the
Constitutionalists claim, the victory. There are
in these Papers various addresses of the Coin.
manders, of the troops which escorted the King
to Seville, thanking the soldiers for their good
conduct, the details of which would. not be of
the least interest to our readers.

[mousixo
The English advocates of French policy, as is
the invariable destiny of all who persevere in the
maintenance of a bad argument or a bad cause,
plunge deeper and deeper into absurdity and
desperation. The party in Spain which effected,
and which now supports the change in her iusti-
tutions, consisted merely, we are told, of a few
rebel soldiers, and a small number of political
demagogues. The party of the despotic king
and of the inquisition, on the other hand, corn-
prehends the great mass, of the community, who,
although they were at first stunned by the au-
dacity of the revolutionary enterprise, and
tleterred from resistance by the concert, the
tottnediate- resources, and the organization of
the daring traitors who undertook it, quickly
began to arrange their plans—to compute and
combine their means, for the recovery of those
national blessings of which the rebel soldiers had
NI cruelty deprived them, Lot us grant, for a
moment, that this representation is correct ; let
it be supposed that the Spanish nation is so igno-
rant and so base as to glory in the atrocities of
the Inquisition, and to view with delight the
bravest, the noblest, and the most enlightened
of his subjects buried in dungeons—loaded with
iii ten the scaffold—at the capri-
ciims will, of a sanguinary, superstitious, and
effeminate tyrant. Let us concede this; for
to, no less than this does the representation
amount; and what justification does it afford to
the invader who violates the independence of a
nation, to enforce principles which are already
by the supposition predominant, and to overthrow
a political edifice already tottering upon
its
narrow foundations, and on the point of tumbling
into ruins, amidst the triumphant acclamations
of an ignorant and fanatical people ? It is a

singularly unfortunate defence of any military
invasion, which does not palliate its iniquity,
but labours only to shew that the iniquity is
gratuitous.

[NEW TIMES.]
In The Morning Chronicle of Saturday ap-
peared the following most impudent and shame-
less paragraph :—.44 Never was a nation, of twelve
millions of souls, more unanimous in the defence
bf their Constitution, their fire-sides, and their
families, than the Spaniards are at present, end
daily are they furnishing the strongest proofs of
their ardour and patriotism." I!! It is really
astonishing that the Public can tolerate such gross
attempts to work on their credulity. Twelve
millions of souls, a population greater than that
of England and Wales, have permitted an
invading army to advance near a hundred
miles into their territory, and to occupy several
of their chief provincial towns, without a shadow
of resistance—and we are told they are unani-
mous in opposing the invaders ! The Constitu-
tion has been established above three years, and
these twelve millions of souls will neither pay
one-third part of the taxes, nor raise any thing
like an army in defence of this beloved Constitu-
tion. And yet the Chronicle very gravely assures
us, that 44 England, if similarly circumstanced,
would not she w equal devotion to freedom." !! The
only way we can explain this is by.reference to the
pages of the Chronicle when England was really
threatened with invasion. Then we were taught
by the friends of that patriotic Journal that it
was folly to resist the invincible Emperor ; and
that the wisest policy for England was submission
to him who 44 sate exulting over the spoils of
prostrate Europe." No, no—Englishmen would
light very dilfetently for their Constitution, be-1
cause they love it better, and because it is more
worthy of, their love.—We are told, indeed, that
the Spaniards have a plan for not fighting! They
are to retire, forsooth, and draw on the French to
their ruin ! We do not envy the intellect
of persons who can listen to this abominable
nonsence. A plan indeed ! Who is to form
it ; ansl, what means are there for its execu-
tion? Look at the Report of the War Ali-
ulster last October, and see whether there is the
form or shape of any thing in 'the least degree
approaching to a military system! There are
neither soldiers, nor arms, nor ammunition, nor
discipline, nor fortresses, nor magazines, nor pro-
vision, nor clothing, nor any other means of
offence or defence, except a few scattered, dis-
jointed bands, fit, at the best, for a partizan
warfare ; but fit for nothing else,

[nluTlslt PRESS.]
We have repeatedly given our opinion that the
present state of discontent in Ireland was per-
manent and deeply rooted. Every day's intel-
ligence from that distracted country confirms the
impression. One great cause alleged for the
evils that inundate Ireland has been the ab-
sence of a resident gentry. It unfortunately
happens that Doneralle and its neighbourhood,
infife county of Cork, now and for• some time
'past the scone of the most flagrant outrages, is
'also Oat where absentees are least knows►, and
wirers there is a must wealthy and respectable
resident gentry. Mr. Creagh (whose house was
lately set in flames, and Hickey, his gardener,
executed for the atrocious crime), is, we under-
stand, an independent country gentleman, and,
in his politics, liberal and favourable to the fair
claims of the peasantry. The whole of that
neighbourhood, in fact, is thickly inhabited
by a rich and resident gentry. The influence of
the Catholic clergy has been the fruitful source of
constant declamation both in and out of Par-
liament. But even that much-deprecated influ-
ence is now fast loosening its hold. On a late
occasion the clergyman of the parish of Done
rails, the Rev. Mr. O'Brien, premised to exert
all his influence, and have the arms of the pea-
santry delivered up by a certain night. Lord
I)oneraile, we are informed, to facilitate this
desirable object, prevented any of the patrols
going round on that night, but not a single
musket• was given in. That every exertion
was used by the highly respectable individual
who promised his aid towards the voluntary dis-
arm►ing of his parishioners, there can be no doubt,
but his best efforts failed. The influence of the
Catholic Priesthood has disappeared in those
districts, marked by nightly burnings and atro-
cities ; their exhortations have no longer any ef-
fect. The fact is, the population of Ireland has
outgrown the antiquated code of proscription now
in force ; it is too strong for the exploded Statutes
,framed to restrain it. Thee peasantry think the
laws made not for them, but against them—not
for their safety and protection, but to proscribe
and assess them. They are a bold and deter-
mined race of men, fierce, and patient of any
thing but injury. The isolated war now raging
in Ireland is most dangerous and destructive ;
it is not general enough to be immediately
alarming, but it is most ruinous both in princi-
ples and coUsequences. 'rite truth is, that all ties
in that country are loosened between the landlord
and his tenant ; the latter now regards the for-
widuble Captain flock as his best friend ;
through him the peasant hopes to see tithes an-
nihilated, and rack rents reduced ; his existence
is one of misery under the present system ; and
the desperate effort to ameliorate it (should it
fail) costs him bat little regret. The exclamation
of the Irish peasant at the gallows invariably has
been, that he was about to die, and that others
might follow, but thousands would. survive,
' and they were sworn to make the opposition
to tithes and rack-rent triumphant, or perish
also. This is the system► now prevailing in that
country ; this is the origin of the still existing
civil war ; for this habitations are set in

flames, and families murdered in their beds.
Is nothing to be done to avert these horrors? Is
Government to look coldly on, and no alteration
whatever to be made ? Are the Orange faction
to be perpetual ? Will the Legislature of Great
Britain adopt n4thing to disarm the. prejudices
of the Irish People ? Or, after bloodshed and
contention are' exhausted, is England content to
reign, like the savage Turk, amid the silence of
the tombs, sooner than cease .to govern amid
iniquity and oppression?