The Sun.
London, England, 1847-03-01 00:00:00

I

carried into effect:—Let a man, desirous to go to our
North American Colonies, obtain a certifieete from his
landlord, clergyman, and nearest local =air.' ate, stating
his desire to emigrate, with a wile and so many chil-
dren, and that he has only part, or no pert, of the
money requisite for that purpose, the Government agent
at the nearest pert of embarkation should, on such a
voucher beieg handed to him, be empewered to provide
them wi h a passage, enclosing it again with a state-
menti of the expense incurred, to the secretary sit the
grand jury, to be by that body assessed on the county at
of
large, or, as I should much prefer, to the chairman
the electoriel division to which the emigrant belongs, to
be recovered by an additional
er rate, be
ocause
it is better for the rate-pay thus t get
rid of a whole family of paupers by at
once paying a certain sum, than for them
for ever to be a burthen on the union, while the
evil of small holdings is pointed out in a most intelligible
manner—through their pockets—to the rate-payers and
public, doing more to undermine and make unpopular
tile system, than all the speeches, writings and enact-
ments of the last half century ; the landlord, of course,
in the first instance, having bound himself in his certifi-
cate that the holding will not again be let to a separate
tenant, hut will be added to the farm of the nearest and
moat improving tenant. The late Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer does not think that any Government ought to be
;intrusted with power to d aw for an indefinite amount on
the Consolidated Fond, but that the Minister should
crime t th House os. Commons from time to time foe the
sum, however large, he may require. There is a cold
propriety in this which will gain some little popularity
in the day-book and ledger portion of a community ; but
in it we can all perceive a holding back, a paralysing of
the hand of succour to be held out to Ireland, and a
clogging of the machinery for her relief. No Minister
will come down to the House of Commons, day after
day, or year after year, with demands upon his liberality,
knowing the long and vexatious debates, and, perhaps,
divisions, to which he will be subject, and with which
money bills are indeed so sure to be assailed
in that House, and especially in certain quarters
of it. The time I may hope is past when
Ireland can be legislated for in such a spirit,
which seemingly confers what it in reality withholds,
better far to fix at once a large and liberal sum as the
maximum to which the Minister may proceed, when all
that the most pinching economist can require is a full
:statement, from time to time, to be laid before the House
of the monies expended to benefit the country ; I would
reiterate the necessity of a revision of the Grand Jury
Laws, especially as regards the great power of assess-
ment, and of those relating to salmon fisheries, as I can-
not help thinking that almost all recent enactments in
.regard thereto have much tended to oppress and embar-
rass the proprietors, while no one else lbin any intelli-
gible degree benefited, unless, indeed, such people as
would grasp and poach tt property they well know they
have no other right to than what is conferred by an
unfair and unwise law. If a, me early enactments do not
.throw these people further from the entrance of salmon
streams, this deecription of property will, in a few years
more, he little worth legislating for. Lastly, Sir, I
would draw the attention of Irish M. mbers to a force
which this country has to support—the revenue police—
the existence of which I cannot help thinking an indig-
nity to Ireland, which, happily, she does not at this
moment afford a satisfactory pretext fur having in-
:flicted on her. Reduce the duty 2s. a gallon
on
whiskey, and then to assert, as some gravely will,
that such a force is more required here than
in England or Scotland, is in my mind exceeding
a formal imbecility? Thanks to Father Matthew, and
the great aid given to that good man by the clergy and
gentry of all creeds and classes, it is indeed not so ; but
it affords large patronage, and will consequently find
many friends and arguments to uphold it ; but I shall
still hope that the day is not far distant when justice
.and scund policy will assail the existence of a most ex-
vensive and unnecessary force ; tar be it from me to :fay
one word which can pain or iiisparaee a body of men
which in zeal, efficiency, an l good conduct are hardly
to be surpassed by any in the service of her Msjesty.
I should simply rejoice to see them absorbed by the
Irish constabulary or the army, where I am certain
their services would he of some greater value to the
state, end somewhat less irksome to themselves. It is
a fallacy to assert that the greater portion of spirits ma-
nufactured in this country is consumed by the lower
orders ; it is not so, and its consumption, therefore, is
not attended with a demoralizing effect. Consequently
There wia be no materially increased demand, and no
ill effect to be apprehended in doing away with the re-
venue police, if the duty on whiskey is wisely reduced.
I would at the same time reduce the duty on West India
ruin, in such a degree, as while it did not interfere
with the Irish distiller, would at the same time operate
eo prevent any attempt at an exaggerated profit, and a
esmseqtr,nt revival or extension of an illegal competition.
should, however, old prejudice still hang around the
minds of some, or a real apprehension that as " the
pledge" wears away with time, and Providence sheds a
greater abundance on the land, illicit distillation may
once In -)re pin ground. I would say, reduce still more
your duty; I would still implore you to abolish the
.principle of inculcating sobriety by the bayonet, or of
iiptlolding morality by hunting the people like wild
beasts upon the mountains. Depend upon it such a
course is unwise, as it is degrading to the country—as
uncalled for as it is detestable. Let me beg of some
Ilnnourable Member in his place in Parliament, to move
for returns of all stills, whiskey and malt, taken or de-
istroyed by the revenue police within the last five years;
also, fur returns of the sums expended in the maintenance
of the establishment; and I would then ask
the Government and the country if the amount
of the one is at all an equivalent for the ex-
penditure of the other, furnishing as it does one of
those many eharmels which divert the Irish revenue
:from the imperial treasury, and resulti; g only in those
Prue! taunts against out country, that in our union with
England we are her degradati. n and her bane. Do
awry. I beseech yotl, with .ilich a force, and spend the
money it costs this country- in a well digested system of
egricultaral, religious, and moral training of the rising
generation, and you will reap a rich reward in ih* sti-
AnulatA industry, happiness, and wealth of a grateful
and a regent rated people. If I have, in thus trespassing
upon your valuable spite, overcome a painful reluctance
and owe to you, Sir, and the public, some apology, I
assured, my only motive will be permitted to plead one
fur me, better than any words I can offer.
I am, Sir, your very faithful and obedient servant,
JAMES HENRY TODD.
Buncrana Castle, County Dons gal }
22d Feb. 1847.

El

MA.RYLEBONE VESTRY.
APPALLI.G DESTITUTION.-011 Saturday, shortly
after the Rev. Dr. Spry had oken the chair, Mr. Hodg- I
kinson. a guardicn, entered the vestry-room and begged
a temporary suspension of' the business to enable him to
communicate to the board some important information
respecting the state of the poor of the palish. He said
that there were 800 men in the workhouse yard at that
moment, imploring for bread, e ithout obtaining any re-
lief, or the prospect of it, as there was no work for
them. Unless immediate steps were taken to give them
food he could not answer for the result.
Mr. LAURIE (city pleader), said that although Mr.
Hodgkittson's statement was the sug_,estion of a kind
heart, it betrayed but little policy. The tact was that
so pressing and so numerous were the claims upon them
that they were compelled to resort to the labour test.
During the last fortnight, the It ish paupers seeking out-
door relief were 70 per cent. as compared with the
English. Such should not be the case; but Irish pros-
perity should be compelled to relieve Irish poverty.
Sir PETER LAURIE never signed a petition with
greater pleasure than he did the one calling upon the
Legislature to force the Irish landlords to support their
own per.
Mr. GLAZIER denounced the conduct of the guardians
in allowing 800 men to starve, as being outrageous and
scandalous in the extreme.
Mr. RAWLINSON (magistrate)—lf there are 800 of our
fellow-creatures starving, why nut ad;ourn this meeting
instanter, and let the guardians assemble and devise
measures to relieve them.—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. M. CIIEL-01 the 22,000 lately relieved in the
workhouse, a vast majority were impostors.
Mr. G. DANIEL—It was lately resolved to abolish the
labour test, anti to afford assistance to every applicant
deserving of relief. If that resolution were acted upon,
such a frightful statement as had been just made would
not have come before them. Every poor person ought to
obtain instant relief.—(Hear, hear.)
The guardians having promised to inquire into the
statement, and Mr. Skase, the surveyor, having gua-
ranteed to provide all the able-bodied with work, the
subject was dropped.

IRISH WASTE LAN----D-IMPROVE-
MEN r SOCIETY.
The usual half-yearly general meeting of the shareholders
of this society was held on Saturday, at the King's Head
Tavern, Poultry; the Earl of Devon in the chair.
After a considerable delay,
The Ciratitmass said that it appeared there was not a suf-
ficient number of shareholders present to constitute a legal
meeting for any efficient purposes. He was not aware that
there there was any very pressing matter for the society.
There would be no call on the shareholders for money, nor
would any resolution be passed, It was, however, the opi-
nion of the directors present that as there were
so many of the shareholders there who might
wish to hear the report of their engineer, Colonel
Robinson, it would be as well to read it, though they
could adopt no steps in reference to it —( Hear, Lear.)
The SECRETARY then read the report, which after alluding
to the distress that existed in Ireland, but which prevailed
less generally on the estates of the society than elsewhere,
and the refusal of the Government to afford them any assist-
ance, proceeded to state that the expectations held forth last
year of the tenants generally having sufficient crops, had
been realised. and hopes were also entertained from the
efforts of the society, that a system of rotation crops might be
introduced. In some cases they had, however, failed to induce
their ten ants to abandon the sole planting of the potato. Those
who had been the longest on the estates of the society, had
showed every disposition to adopt the suggestions that were
thrown out to them for the improvement of their land, and
every means had been need, by giving seeds gratuitously,
promises of reward for improvements, and other means to
stimulate the apathetic, and to encourage the industrious.
The society, notwithstanding all their endeavours, had found
a vast amount of destitution on their:estatee. In some cases
one-fifth of the crops had been lost, and an apathy, in-
duced by their sufferings, existed among the tenants
in several instances, against which all the efforts
of the sociey were ineffectual. The society had,
notwithstanding, given employment to a great num-
ber, and they had every reason to expect that a much
larger portion of land would be shortly reclaimed. In
consequence of the losses that had been sustained, those
tenants who were under progressive rents had not been sub-
jected to any increase in their rents during the past year.
Several applications had been received from persons desirous
of taking land on the estates of the society, but such were
refused, unless it could be shown that there was sufficient
capital to meet the contingencies that were to be naturally
looked forward to during the coming six months. Treaties
had. been entered into for the purchase of five thou-
sand acres of land. On the estate of the society at thd-
linakill there was a loss of seventy-five per cent., and
some of the tenants would not work on the land. No
exertions had been spared to overcome this feeling. Rob-
beries had also become frequent in this district, as well as
in every part of Galway. Wages had been paid in Indian
meal, at the request of tenants themselves. In some cases
there was a loss of 90 per cent. in this district. Since October,
however, 7,500 perches of land had been drained. In Kil-
kerrin it was found that the crops of twenty tenants had
failed, and the losses in some cases varied from 80 to 90 per
cent., but the average was only 30 per cent. What was
scientifically cal!ed nullipora had been successfully used with
manure in this district. A communication had been effected
between the counties of Mayo and Galway ; a grant had
been obtained fur schools, and every effort had been made to
meet the distress that existed in Connemara and Mayo.
The CHAIRMAN said—He thought the meeting must agree
with him as to the propriety of having the report submitted
to theta. It could not in the present state of Ireland be ex-
pected that there would be a return for money invested in a
speculation of this kind, but it was evident that they had
every reasonable prospect of success. He thought that from
the disposition of the Government to forward everything
beneficial to Ireland ; therefore, notwithstanding their former
failure, another application would be successful. To prom. to
this object the directors would use every endeavour.—(llear.)
An How. l'uortunToa suggested, that if application were
made to Government for power to enable them to become
purch isers instead of lessee, it would be desirable.
The CHAIIIMAN said he at proved of the suggestion, and
! 1 he had no doubt application to Government for such a pur-
pose would be successful. It hail been entertained by the
directors, but there was an iniaceenntable jealousy in Ireland
of those who met in the Poultry, by sonic who gave them •
selves the title of " Friends of Ireland," that they did carry
out their views. There was, however, a different feciing at
present, from which he augured the best results.
The meeting then separated.

STATE OF TRADE.

FOREIGN WOOL TRADE, LEEDS, FEB. 26.—There has
been scarcely an average business transacted in foreign
wools this week, but the result of the recent London
sales has given firain as to prices.
ENGLISH WOOL MARKET, FEB. 26.—The sales of
combing and clothing wools have been small this week,
and prices are tending in favour of the buyers.
WAKEFIELD WOOL MARKET, FEB. 25.—We must
still report this market flat, but not worse than last week
ALTHRUEG,FEIA. 6.—A few days ago a courier from I in prices ; and, on the whole, we have had more in-
St. Petersburg arrived here, bringing the portrait of the quiry after some sorts of wool.
Grand Duke Constantine as a present to the Princess Alexan- LEEDS.—Our market at the cloth•halls, both on Sa-
dria. At the same time, the portrait of the Princess was turday and to-day, have been exceedingly dull, and we
sent to St. Petersburg. and to-day the Baron Von Schroeder,
the Russian Ambassador at Dresden, came to this court to never witnessed so little doing on speculation fur the
arrange the affairs of the marriage. An ambassador is ex- coming season, as at the present time. The purchasers
pected in the spring from St. Petersba: g direct, to ask in form continue to buy only for the present need, or to positive
the hand of the Princess Alexandria for the Grand Duke orders ; the manufacturers also continue to limit the
Constantine. production, and stocks are moderate in consequence ;
CHILD-DROPPING AND ATTEMPTED MDRDER.—A prices are steady. A Lumber of country buyers have
newly-born infant, apparently dead, was found on Thursday been in the town during the week, but they have bought
evening, about 8 o'clock in one of the recesses in the shop of lightly, their policy being, during the present depressed
Mr.Clunes. pawnbroker, Brydges-street. Mr. Snitch, the sur- times, to make small purchases and visit the market
ggeon, was immediately sent for, who caused the infant to be ,:ftener. On the w hole, there has been less than an
removed to the station-house, in Bow-street, where, on exa- average business done in the was ehouses during the week.
mination, a ligature of list was discovered tied tightly round HECKHuNDWIKE BLANKET MARKET, FEB 25 —There
the infant's neck. Mr. Snitch having caused the ligature to are a few small orders for the American market, but the
be removed, adopted the useal measures for resuscitation
(immersion in hot water, friction, stimulating the lungs, &c.) blanket trade generally is in a deplorable state. Very
few samples have been bought this week in the market.
and in about three-quarters of an hour he succeeded in co-
rn
BRADFORD MARKET, FEB. 25.—The staplers seem
pletely restoring the child to life. No clue to the discovery
of the depositor of the infant in such a situation has as yet more willing to sell than they were, but the spinners buy
been obtained. with great caution, and on:y for their present limited
CORN RIOTS IN SWITZERLAND.—A letter from demands. We can report no alteration of moment in
Znrieh, February. 21st. contains the following:—" On the price. In yarns there is certainly more business done
lsth inst., some merchants of Tesino having purchased all both for the home and export trade, especially the
the corn in the market at Varesse, on the frontier of Austria latter ; and we have confident hopes that ere long we
and Sardinia, the people became discontented, and began to shall be able to state that this branch of our market is
hoot and assault the Swiss merchants. They sought refuge
in a house, where they remained for some time • but when in a satisfactory state. A trifling advance was in many
:they again made their appearance, in order to take possession instances obtained in prOe. There was to us no difference
in the amount of bus ness dune in the piece market,
ciS: their purchases, the tumult recommenced, and their carts
were stopped and pillaged. Similar scenes took place at though some manufacturers complained that the sales
Gene
sal Sarone. Tranquillity was at length restored were not so good as previous weeks. Prices were firm,
by the ,interference of the armed force, and several errors but only stationary.
were wade. Two days afterwards, a body of peasants, to MANCKESTER, FEB. 25.—Perhaps it may be said that
the number of 3,000, entered the corn magazines at Sexto a little more business has been done in cloth this week,
Calendo, and forced the owners to sell it below th market though at prices, considering the price of the staple, that
price. They were afterwards dispersed by the gendarmerie,
and had two of their number killed, and several wenn ed. may be called all but ruinous. The decreased consump
According to the last accounts from Milan, the exportation tion is beginniug to operate on buyers, and on the whole
of grain was strictly prohibited." more confidence exists tbaa for some time past; but thi'
confidence cannot be called a healthy state of things.
The recent flagrant violation of the treaty •f
rns are not lower, but no large sales are making.
Vienna, in the suppression of the free state of Cracow, has
The orders from the United States are very extensive,
justly awakened feelings of indignation in the heart of every
honest man. Her Majesty's Government has not shrunk and a very large and good business is certain for the
from expressing its opinion upon this utter disregard of the present year. •
.most sacred obligations ; and we are glad to learn that a grand Norrisionasc—The steady business we reported last
public meeting, to petition the Crown with reference to the week in bobbin net•lace has been maintained through the
mabject, will be held on Tuesday next, at the Freemasen's present, and seems likely to be continued through the
Halt. The Marquis of Northampton will occupy the chair, spring, if no untoward public events transpire. Prices
:supported by many distinguished and influential persons, are unchanged. The warp lace trade continues de-
and we are sure that, considering the importance of' the pressed. There are some difficulties occurring in con-
object, the meeting will be fully and respectably attended.— tinental as well as Irish business ; but we think the
_Morning Paper. prospect is in favour of a pretty fair amount of spring
TILE PATENT Tit EATRES.—Thursday the follow-
ing shares in the Theatre Royal Drury-lane were disposed of trade.—Nottingham Review.
LEICESTER.--tVe have no alteration to report in the
by auction by Mr. Lovell, at the Auction Mart. The first lot
home trade. The accounts from America are considered
consisted of two 500/. renter's shares. They entitled the
possessor to the privilege of a free admission, which was favourable, and a good tall trade is expected. Worsted
transferable. and to a charge on the theatre of is. 3d. per yarns are fist, and more spinners are working short time,
night during every night it was open for performance. The but little is doing in wools, at prices in favour of the
sum paid on them. last year was 3/.los. ; and, as tranferable, buyer.—Leicester Journal.
they respectively realised three guineas par annum. They MANCHESTER PRODUCE MARKET, FEB. 26.—There
were sold for 62k. each. The next lot consisted of five 100/. has been a rather better demand for sugar, but prices are
g*oprietor shares. all paid up, and subject to no further unaltered. No change in the quotations for tea ; greens
di:allay. There were no returns upon them, but the holder
ofdeem was eligible to be returned on the Committee of still continue very much depressed. In consequence of
2.laniteeent. The fetched . There three other the sale of silk at Liverpool this week, the business here
similar lots, y each f which wentlol were
for 91. 10s. Mr. Lovell then has been very limited. Prices ruled much on a par with
pat up for sale a 5001. renter's share in the Theatre R•iyal those previously obtained by private contract, being 9d.
Covent-garden. It entitled the possessor to a free admission to Is. lower than at the last puhlic sales. The cotton
(that for the present season having been sold), was held for market has assumed a more active appearance; larger
a term
of nearly fifty years, and the sum of 131. 10s. was sales have been made than for some wet ks back, and
Najd on it annually. The auctioneer stated that there was prices are rather higher.
11.fsmPaecanti,oyf akßea,t.,i.nctr,eaiie in the value of these shares. Thea
MANUFACTURES, FEB. 26.—During the last two days,
itake'ri aleasue'7l. lilt ittrl;xmanagemcnt of that property had
lhad been deposited, whim the
the rent for three ~f' which our market has not shown so much animation as at the
raging the admissions were sold for the beginning of the week. Many of the spinners and
teas; n, these aye •' from 10 guineas to 12 guineas. The manufacturers have demanded a slight advance upon
possessor was entitled to a payment
,rat offer for it was 150
when, alter an active competition, have accaded to the demand ; but, generally, it has had
it was 'mocked down fur 2051 the effect of checking business, and compuraovely few
ROYAL COLLEGE of Criintetwrav, HANOVER- sales have been made yesterday and to-day. Probably,
SQUARE' _.The above college woasf
members, on Thursday, too, the unfavourat le accounts receive I from India by
sbily the first general meeting
poses. The president of the evening was se:rndtigcanpdun- the overland mail may have had some influence upon the
I who was supported by
,Viiischoiluint
illuewTY ornnes, fmoarrket, especially as a better state of affairs was looked
and L
my
~ ws Ewart, Esq., . .p. sey, Es,.. li. in that part or the world. It appears that, owing
galivante. *be:- to the distrust caused by opium gambling, the native
Dr. Arnott, Captaffin Lewis, F.R.S., Sir George mitten, i
Idealers are unable to get bills discounted by the shroffs
h
&c. Professor Ho and,mead a report upon theet
or native bankers, and are consequently unable to exe-
teryal science in Engla and then exhibited a re '''t. es-e-
-eNV principle, the invention of Professor Btu, cute
.the orders which they receive from the interior.—
are eesirous of correcting an error into which we
uPoPsn for the occasion by Dr. Kolbe. It differed We
SAD, an,. lent in stating the export of coffee from
from Grove's battery in this respect—that charcoal pre. fell on Tuesda •
au r
it eodu
sfor experiments lat i um .
pared in a particular manner wincrease of1 14,e aited States at 1,500,000 bags, being an
To show that the substitute Was p h
tin
been passed to the ;exceeds 1,50:11,,,,000 bags. It is the total export which
aserfsuecbtsstivt
Avere performed. Votes of thanks a g
,the proceedings the United State
'1" ti• T b*4l
logeh exports for the year to
Professor and the Noble Lord in the
preceding year.--mafthee ' GZEnst 546,000 in the
terminated. ter n. i