The Sun.
London, England, 1841-03-31 00:00:00

:IDAY, MARCH 31, 1)41.

PUBLICATIONS
ITURRAH FOR OUR BRITISH TRUE
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A Patriotic Song, by J. E. of Jersey.
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A. DEFENCE of JOINT-STOCK
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By the author of 1" Money an, i its Vicissitudes in Value ;"
" Essays on the Formation "id Opi. pions," &c. &e.
London : James Ridgyfay, Piccadilly.

In the press, to be published in a few days.
ALETTER respFxtfuliy addressrd to the
Rev. J. H. NEWMAN von som• Passages in his
Letter to the Rev. Dr. JELF.
By N. WISEMAN, D.D., Bishop of Metipotamus.
London : C. Do!man, 6i, New Bond- street.

THOMAS &GOLD: ;BY, ESQ.
SOME ACCOUI JT OF
Y COUSIN NICHOLAS.
By THOMAS INGOLDSBY, Esq.
Author of " Thylngoldsby Legends, 8:c.
To which is addled,
THE RUBBER OF LIFE.
Ia 3 vols. post 111
IS NOW REA:.OY•
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To be had at all the Libraries.

This day is übli %Ned,
E WESTMINST ER REVIEW,
Na. LXILaor AP; 111., 1841.
•

ATEWTS.
. GOULD'S BIRDS OF AUSTRALI A, &c.; with Illustrations.
I. PERCY BYSSHE SHELLY.
3. GREGORY VII. AND THE OXF(XRD VATICAN.
4. MODERN ITALIAN PAINTERS.
5. COMMERCIAL RELATIONS Ot'S' IGREAT BRITAIN.
PARK 3 AND PLEASURE GAMIN DS; with Illustrations.
7. COLLEGE LIFE AT CAMBRIDGE.
S. MEDIC 31.. CORPORATIONS.
P. CRITICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS NOTICES.

Henry Hooper, 13, Pall Mall '.Last, London.

ZADKIEL'S MAGAZINE for APRIL,
The Horoscope, No. I V., pric, ) l s.—History of Astro-
logy for 5,000 Years.—Robert Owen defeated.—The Moon
proved not to move round the Earth.- --Phrenology not Mate-
rialism.—Rules to make a Planisphere to Measure Aspects in
a Nativity.—Fulfilled Predictions.—The Weather in April,
&c. Sold at No. 4, Paternoster-row, :an dby all Booksellers.

This day is published, No. XXX., price 65., of
THE NEW STATISTICAL ACCOUNT
- OF SCOTLAND.
Containing Conclusions of the Counties of CAITHNESS and
SUTHERLAND, with MAP of SHETLAND ISLANDS.
In 4t0., neatly bound in cloth, price 215.,
/HE COUNTY ATLAS of SCOTLAND.
_IL Consisting of Thirty-one Maps,' accurate)r constructed,
with the Parochial Boundaries carefully coloured.
LACKWOOD'S MAPS of the COUN-
TIES of SCOTLAI iD.
Coloured as above, neatly put up in a case for the pocket.
Price Is. each.

William Blackwood and Sons, 45, Ge,orge-street, Edinburgh,
and 22, Pall Mall, London ; and J. Gumming, Dublin.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

CHELTENHAM STEEPLE CEA 3E.—MoNnAy.
Sweepstakes of 25 soya. each, 5 ft, if declared, &c., with 50
added by the Town, and 25 by Lord t legrave, for all horses
of 12st each; winners extra. (20 subs. )
Col. Charritie nd gr g Grayling
Mr. J. W. Walters nd ch g Zeno .
Lord Macdonald nd Perfecti0n..........._ 3
Mr. A. Robinson nd Physician
Mr. Tilbury aid Consul
sk. J. Probyn nd Legacy
Vto I agst Perfection, 4 to 1 agst Grayling, 8 to 1 agst
Zeno, and 10 to 1 agst any other. Oce of the finest races
ever seen, ended in a dead heat between Grayling and Zeno,
who divided the stakes.
Sweepstakes of 5 soya. each, and 10 added; 11st 71b each, &c.
Two miles.

Mr. E. Wood's Dauntless (Owner) 1
Mr. Lovesy's Waverley
Black Buck, Black Prince, and Conservative, were nut
placed. Waverley the favourite. A ♦ery good race.

HAMPTON SPRING RACES-YESTERDAY.

Those who attended with an expectation of legitimate
racing must have been sadly disappointed, as the entries were
poor, and the sport very indifferent, both in character and ex-
tent. The weather too was bad and the general arrangements
strangely opposed to the received usages of a race-course.
" Fun " seemed to be the order of the day, and of this we shall
not trouble our readers with a long account; it commenced
with

Hurdle•race Stake of 5 sov. each, open to the public;
5 yrs Ilst 71b, 6 yrs and aged I2st. Heats, once round
amd a--Oktance. The winner to be sold for bOl. Five
subscribers.
Mr. Pollan's r m Mad Moll, aged (Lord Drumlanrig) 1 I
Mr. Edmead's ch g Assistance, 5 yrs ... 0 2
Mr. Winch's eh In Pegs, aged ..
Ms. APMahon's ch g Canopus
Won in a canter

• 4

Hurdle Race Stakes, of 5 sovs. each, with a purse added for
horses bona tide the property of officers of the Household
Brigade, 9th Lancers, and 60th Rifles, and ridden by the
same. 5 yrs, list 51b, 6 yrs, and aged, list 10ib ; the win=
ner of the above Stakes ilbs extra. Once round and a dis-
tance. Five subs.
Mr. Clarke's Carlisle

Lord Drumlanrig's b h The Poacher

sir W. W. Wyrin's b g Morbury
Alr. Madden's Defiance

bolted.

Won cleverly.
Match, 50 sovs. Once round and a distance. Mr. Clarkes's
Brilliant, 12st 31b (owner) beat Captain Little's Coronet.,
11 st, cleverly.
Tike Scurry Stakes, of 3 sovs. each. Half-a mile, with one
hurdle leap.
Sir N. W. Wynn's Morbury ..... ...(Lord Glo. Paget) 0 1
Lord Drumlanrig's The Nickerown •
••• 0 2

Two others started.

Won easy.

NOTTINGHAM STEEPLE CHACE—YESTERDAY.
Sweepstakes of 10 Sovs. each, h ft, with 50 added. 4 miles.
Mr. White nd G0b1in...........
Mr. G. H. Mcore's Express 2
Mr. Whittaker's gr g by Grey Falcon
flit Svvreimtakes of 2 sovs. each, and 10 added, 4 miles. were
won by Mr. J. Nichols's b m Needy, beating 4 others.

We are requested to contradict a report that
General Sir Refute Donkin is dangerously ill in Park-
strew, Sir Rufane Doukin has loag been in delicate
health, but not confined to the house, and is now on a tout
for change of 1,,i;•,
COLBURN'S NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE
FOR APRIL.—.Hood has never appeared to such advantage
as in that most amusing production of his, entitled, " The
Friend in Need, an extravaganza after Sterne," in the New
Monthly Magazine for April. We consider that scarcely any
thing so rich in humorous illustration has hitherto been
P cblished. ft combines the raciness of Rabelais with de
spot tivo grace of Addison. hi short, this favourite of tt
public evidently seems desirous of exemplifying the t 0:08
idea of _

-
Mirth that wrinkled care derides,
With laughter holding both his sides ;"
and, latterly, mast a Ireirahly has he succeeded. The
new number of the New Monthly contains also some ex-
cellent papers from the pens of Theodore Hook, Mrs.
Trollope, Sir Charles Morgan, the Hon. E. Phipps,
Nimrod, and the Old Forest Ranger, wit h a very impre--
sive narrative, entitled, " The Poacher's Progress ;" and
a graphic picture of the principal Statesmen of France,
in a brilliant article, called " The French Chamber of
Depntics in 1841."
In the Insolvent Debtors' Court on Monday
Charles Butler, who was described as a " gentleman,
in vo business, applied to be admitted to bail. The in-
solvent, it appeared from bis examination, had been twice
a bankrupt ; the last time, in 1836, be obtained his certi-
ficate. The creditors were paid a dividend of 2s. 6d.
The Chief Commissioner said the insolvent, who had
obtained his certificate in 1827, bad contrived to contract
debts to 9,4301. ; far which no consideration had been re-
ceived, 5,786/. ; and 1,000/. was more than once entered.
The insolvent bad lived at Tonbridgo Wolls, where his
family now resided. He bad six children, and his wife
had 7001 a-year. The Chief Commissioner declared that
it was a very discreditable schedule. The proposed bail
were Messrs. Parry, linendrapers, on Ludgate.hill. An
opposition was made, on the part of a Mr. L. Samuels, as
to the description of their affidavit'. The Chief Com-
missioner asked one of them whether he had known the
career the insolvent had pursued, that he bad been
to amend. the affidavits, and said he
twice a bankrupt, and had led a boundless course of
extravagance, as had appeared from the present exposuro.
permitted to go out on bail.
The proposed bail answered that he knew the insolvent
had been a bankrupt. The Court eventually adjourned
the insolvent should be dis-
twhoeucase
& have every ewrydel
vei:knonbiottr:maaast information
whether, fo.r creditorsexercisebef e soufc h
the a
mHaen
vaesrythmeuicnhso
e discretiona e d o n
POPE PIUS A few days after, Mrs.
SA inburne was preEentad. to him, . and t ,ok the children,
as he came up Iran 1.14 des, tions in The chapel of
the sacrament at Sr. Peter's. She made the chil-
grace, and appears to have prsc-
Ho then held it out for her to
dreu kiss hi
kiss, and next day he sent her some very beautiful
beads and stones of oriental agate. He performs all his
ceremonies with much
tised and studied his actions before he comes out of his
mom. He is very proud of his
6, and feet, and wears
his giwn short to show them. —Swim/nine's Courts
Europe.
uesklay evening, as Mr. Baker was procecdirg
along Whi echapel, on his way to the Landon Hospital, to
11,,1d two inquests, a lad about foul teen years of age, corn-
i :g from an opposite direction, ran against him with great
v:oleace, and tee concussion was so great that both fell to
ill • ground with considerable force. 041 getting up, Mr.
Baker, who had fallen over ti :e youta, dtcc.overed that his
r shoulder was out ef joint, and he is consequence
hurried as fast as he could to the Hospital, M:. Gilbert,
one of the receiving pupils, returned the joint to the
socket, and bandaged up the shoulder, so that in a few
minutes the Coroner was enabled
.to proceed to the in-
quests, which did not possess anything of public interest.
bni:iitf.holt.court,

LEEDS ANTI-CORN-LAW

MEETING.

(From the Leeds Mercury.)
Yesterday (Tuesday) a public meeting of the borough of
Leeds was held, convened by the Mayor, on a most respectable
requisition, signed by a hundred individu-ls-mand firms, compris-
ing many of the first merchants, manufacturers, and gentlemen
of the borough, " to consider the propriety of petitioning Par-
liament for the repeal of the Corn-laws." The meeting sva.?
very numerous. The Chartists, labouring in their vocation as
common disturbers, did their utmost to prevent the speakers
from being heard, and the resolutions from being adopted ; but
they failed to prevent the resolutions prepared by the requisi-
tors from being adopted by a decided rrajoritv of the meeting.
The meeting was at first called to be held in the Court-
house, but when the Chartists, by their weekly organ and by
pkcards, summoned their forces to take early possession of the
blding, the Mayor issued a fresh notice. calling the meeting
for the spacious area of the Coloured Cloth Hall. The Chart-
ists made a secret but vet y natural alliance with tie kindred
Association calling themselves the Conservative Operatives,
and consisting of low persons paid by the Tories to shout at
elections and public meetings ; and not a few of the Tories
assembled to see the efforts of these united bands of disturbers
and opponents of every thing truly Liberal.
When the clock struck twelve, ;the Mayor had not ascended
the hustings, but was just entering the Cloth Hall yard. At
this time there were only two or three hundred persons mus-
tered, though the meeting afterwards consisted of five or six
thousand. The moment that the clock had struck, a Chartist
named Joseph Jones moved that Mr. Joshua Hobson, the printer
of the Northern Star, take the Chair ; and another Chartist
seconded it.
Mr. E. BAINES, jun., said that the Mayor, by whom the
meeting had been convened, had p7omised to attend, and that
he was at that time coming down the area; that this being a
public meeting of the borough, the Mayor had by usage a
right to preside ; that he (Mr. E. Pains) therefore must de-
dare the motion to be irregular, and he hoped the meeting
would not vote upon it.
Notwithstanding this explanation, the motion for Mr. Hob-
son's taking- the chair was instantly put ; the Chartists held
up their hands for it, and as those who refused to recognize the
motion did not vote at all, there was an apparent majority in
its favour. Mr. Hobson came forward and began to address
the meeting ; but at the same time the Mayor (W. Smith,
Esq. ), presented himself, took off his hat, and began to speak.
Mr. E. Baines and others objected to Mr. Hobson acting as
chairman, and called upon the meeting to support the Mayor.
Mr. Hobson and the Chartists, on the other hand, resisted the
Mayor's being ard, and claimed the chair as belonging to
Mr. Hobson.

The MAYOR, amidst great interruption and uproar, opened
the meeting by reading the requisition ; he said that he be-
lieved he had a right, in virtue of his office, by the long esta-
blished usage of the borough, to fill the chair at a public
meeting of the borough. He had on former occasions claimed
that right, and with success, and he should do it again. He
hoped that all parties would be heard.
In the meantime the Chartists kept up a continued uproar,
so that the Mayor's voice could not be heard. Every moment
streams of people were pouring into the Cloth Hall-yard, and
there was a decided majority in favour of the object of the
meeting, that is, the repeal of the Corn-laws ; which majority
became larger every minute. Many of the requisitionists were
upon the steps which formed the hustings and in the area be-
low ; the attendance of merchants, manufacturers, and
clothiers, was very respectable; and great numbers of the
operatives were quite as decided in favour of the repeal of the
Corn-laws as those of the middle and upper classes.
After the contest about the Chair had continued for nearly
half an hour, the MA volt. said that it had never been his in-
tention to do more than open the Meeting, as he had left a
meeting of Magistrates elsewhere, and must return to it. He
hoped, therefore, the Meeting would elect their own Chairman.
Mr. Alderman STartsrELD then moved that Mr. Alderman
John Goodman should take the Chair.
Mr. E. BAINES, Jun., seconded the motion. ' _

The mo!ion was put by Mr. STANSFELD am'dst much con-
fusion, and a majority of the meeting held up their hands for
Mr. Goodman.

The MAYOR afterwards put the motion again, considering
that he bad not left the Chair till his successor was appointed.
In order the better to decide, he requested those who were
in favour of Mr. Goodman to go to the upper part of
the yard (to his own right hand) and those against
him to the lower. The division was made accord-
ingly, but not in a complete and effective manner ;
it left the Chartists nearly in the centre of the meeting, and
made it evident that they all consisted of the lowest class, with
a very few exceptions ; but on their skirts were several broad•
cloth Tories, who seemed to be encouraging them ; and also
numbers who came fresh into the yard stopped at that end of
the yard nearest the entrance, which happened to be the Char-
tist end. These circumstances gave them every advantage ;
but when at length the Mayor called for a second show of
hands on the question whether Mr. Alderman John Goodman
should take the Chair, there appeared a very decided majority
for the motion. The Mayor having declared that that gentle-
man was elected—

Mr. Alderman Joi; GOODMAN took the Chair.
The CHAIRMAN then called on any gentleman who had a
resolution to propose to address the meeting, on which
Mr. Alderman STANSFELD came forward. He was re-
ceived with loud cheers by the majority of the meeting, and by
the Chartists with groans and uproar. This continuing for
some time, whilst Mr. Hobson frequently renewed his attempts
to be heard, but. in vain, Mr. E. Baines at length proposed to
Mr. Hobson, that for the sake of letting both sides be fairly
heard there should be two Chairmen, Mr. Goodman and him-
self (Mr. Hobson). The latter replied that he had been so i I
treated that he would not consent to any arrangement, an.l
that the speakers should not be heard unless they acknowledged
him as chairman. Mr. E. Baines replied, that though de-
sirous of making such a compromise as would allow both
parties to be heard, he most distinctly denied the
right of Mr. Hobson to the chair; and Unit right would
never be allowed; the Mayor was at first legally in
the chair, and now Mr. John Goodman had been placed
there by a majority of the meeting. But if the Chartists liked
to have two Chairmen, he had no objection ; and he had ra-
ther both parties were heard than that they should have a mere
row. 5,, This terminated the negotiation ; it suited the purpose
of the Chartists quite as well (or perhaps better), to prevent
others from being heard as to be heard themselves. The re-
mainder of the meeting was, therefore, a scene of confusion,
and the speakers were only heard by a few of those near them.
Still the meeting perfectly understood the sides of the respec-
tive speakers, and knew when the resolutions were put that
they were in favour of a repeal of the Corn-laws. Mr. Stan'-
feld war cheered by the majority of the meeting; whilst Mr.
Wm. Hill, a Swedenborgian preacher and the editor of the
Northern gtar, who attempted to speak at the same time,
and to move a resolution, was cheered by the Chartists, but not
heard.

Air. Alderman STANSFELD came forward to move the
resolutions, and spoke nearly as follows :—The first of the
resolutions which I shalllave to submit to you is—" That the
Corn Laws being based on the immoral principle of benefiting
the aristocracy at the expense of other classes, tend to dissolve
the bonds of society, and endanger the peace and safety of the
empire."—l need not tell you, my fellow-townsmen, that the
ties which bound together .the operatives and middle classes
are bursting asunder those ties which a common nature and a
common interest. generated, and which confidence in the justice
of each other matured and strengthened. The operatives are
sensible that there is a rank injustice somewhere—they feel
themselves oppressed, and they are sorely oppressed and heavy
laden, and it will be my business to ,show that the cane
thereof is the selfish and unjust conduct cf the aristocracy.
The operatives have their particular specific, on the nature
of which I am now not at liberty to speak, but this I will
say, that when the labourers of the land are made to bear
the burdens of taxation, and the rich go free, as I shall be
able to prove, th:n any measure, if it be likely to prove a re.
mcdy,and is within the margin of the law, is not only justifiable but
laudable. The middle classes generally are not as yet alive to the
urgency of the case, and hol themselves aloof. The operatives
deem all who are not with them to be against them, and tobe sid-
ing and abetting the aristocracy in these misdeeds, which produce
their suffering. Hence the ruptures between these two classes,
whose interests are identical. But there is another estrange-
ment going on between the middle classes and the aristocracy.
In speaking of these latter, warmly and strongly as I must do,
and the man who can speak coolly on the subject does not
understand it, I must be understood as doing so, not against
individuals, many of whom are most estimable and are in igno-
ranee, but against a class who, unfortunately for themselves and
for all, have been entrusted with too much power. Had the
individuals composing this meeting been in their places their
conduct, in all probability, would have been the same. But
the breach is widening between these classes. There was a
time when many like myself honoured and respected the aris-
tocracy—when we regarded with pleasure their noble mansions,
their rich domains, their splendid equipages, as belonging to a
race willing to live and let live, enjoying only their own, and
ever ready to extend the liberal hand to every good object.
But since we have studiedthe subject of the Corn-lawsa change
has come over our dreams, and contempt is taking the place
of respect for them. We now consider their contributions as
but the crumbs which fall from the rich man's table—from

that table groaning with the fruit of the labour of him who is
now forced to play the part of Lazarus, who is obliged to beg
for his own, from those who should have been his protectors,
but who, under the sanction of the law, have taken his pro-
perty to themselves. What are the facts, the unjust deeds,
brought to their charge? I can procure, says the working
man, from the stranger in a foreign land, for one day's labour
food to support three of my children, but from my country-
men, from those who are my legal guardians, I can for the
same work procure food for only two of my children—the
third must starve. Again, by this extra price which they
have wrung from us they have escaped all taxation themselves,
and thrown the whole burthen upon us. Still more, they have
obtained from the other classes and put it into their own
pockets, a further sum equal in amount to the whole national
debt of 800 millions. Lastly, aft .r casting all these burthens
upon u•, which must be paid by labour, they throw us out of
work by their unwise present regulations and absurd system
of import duties. Let us try the aristocracy on these
charges. The inquiry need not be of long duration, for
their own servants have turned King's evidence against them.
The aristocracy have bcen the masters of the land—the officials
are their servants, and out of their own mouths I will prove
the charges I have made. I will quote only two, Mr. Jame,
David flume, who came into office under Mr. Pitt, served
forty-nine years, and wham all must admit to have but one in-
terest at heart, and that one the interest of his country, and
Mr. James M'Gregor, the worthy successor of Mr. Hume, at
the Board of Trade. The first charge is, that the working
man can procure food from the foreigners to support three of
his children, whilst for the very same labour he can only. pro-
cure food for two, from his countrymen—that in fact food is one
third cheaper abroad. I have understated the fact. Mr. M'Gre-
gor estimates bread here to be from 40 to 80 per cent. dearer
than abroad, and adds, that the people of England do not
eat one-third the bread they ought to do, nor the Irish one-
twentieth part of the quantity which the French do. Mr.
Hume states the extra price paid annually for food to
be thirty-six millions of pounds. The second charge is, that this
extra price exonerates the aristocracy from paying any part of
the taxes of this country. Mr. Hume in the celebrated letters
which he wrote under the signature of H.B. T., E xpresses him-
, self to this effect—" That the Corn Bill adds to the press of
agricultural produce a sum which in the aggregate is more
than equal to all the State taxes paid in any shape by the
landed interest. In saying this, I say no more than they say
for themselves. The protection they cling to reaches them
only in the form of increased prices of corn and meat; and as
we may almost despair of their discovering that they might
have those prices, and better too, without. protection, it is n
ce!sary to try the justice of their cl,ims upon their own show-
ing, lest we fail of convincing them of their impoicy. Give
us plenty of rent, they say, and we will not complain
of taxes. There is but ore construction to be put upon
this conduct ; it amounts to a plain avowal that the landed
' interest are in effect to pay no taxes." This is pretty strong
evidence from a man whom they retained in their service

PRICE sd.

forty-nine years. The landlords allege in their defence that
they have burdens to hear in the nature of highway rates and
county rates from which the other classes are exempt. Put
what says their own steward, Mr. Hume ? " I know," he says,
" thatthere are a great many charges which the landed interest
conceive to be pecul!ar on them, to fall upon their pro-
ductions ; but as far as I have been able to investigate these
charger, I think they have services in return for them. I
cannot see any ground whatever for any c,untervailing tax
T
upon corn." h e third charge is, that they have obtaineti
from the other classes, to put into their own pockets, a further
sum, equal in amount to !hr, whole national debt. I arrived
at this conclusion by a calculation of this kind :—The expen-
diture of the country for the French war, say from 1793 t,
1815 inclusive, was, according to a return made by the House
of Commons, 1,500 millions, leaving unyan
millions. This enormous outlay, being chiefly expended on
agricultun.l produce, raised the prices prodigiously ; that it.
was manly laid out in the raw produce, ynu came at in this
way. You will recollect the large army contracts for cloths in
his town. Now what was that cloth made of ?—Weol, which
is farmer s' produce, a 7.11 labour, the wage for which is again
!aid oat in tool, the produce again of the land. The con-
scquence was, that wheat rose from 445. 11d. in 1792,
to 1255. bd. in 1812 ; but, taking the average of twenty-
two 3-eara before the breaking out of the war, and
twenty-two years after, the rise wou'd be from 465. to 80s.
Mr. PLINT, in seconding the motion, said—Mr. Chairman
and Gentlemen, I have great pleasure in seconding the resolu-
tions proposed by my friend, 11:Ir. Stansfeld. I approve of the
whole of them—alike as they refer to the injurious effects of
the Corn-laws on the trade of the nation and the interests of

its several classes, and as they asset t the wisdom and benevo-
lence of free trade. I beg to call your attention to the his-
tory, object, and operation of the Corn-laws. I dismiss all
reference to those enacted prior to 1815. The law of that year
was the type of the successive enactments—terminated by the
law of 1829. The object of all these enactments was to sustain
the price of English grain at a price which was supposed to be
remunerative to the home grower, and although that pr.ce has
not been maintained, still the law has kept up the prices of
British grain at from 40 to 50 per cent. above those of the
Continent, and extent in years of absolute scarcity has prohi-
bited the importation of foreign grain. This is only one of its
effects. It has restricted the interchange of commodities between
this country and other nations, by its practical refusal of im-
port to the principal article of exchange which they had to
offer us, viz. food. It has led to retaliatory enactments, which
have not alone cramped our trade with those nations, but have
raised up strong and powerful interests hostile to a return to a
more liberal and enlightened policy ; and, as a la,t and most
fatal consequence, it has lessened the demand, and, by eons,
quence, the remuneration for labour, throughout all our staple
trades. Special reasons exist why this subject should now be
thoroughly understood and agitated. The nation has endured
four years of severe pressure—much of which is doubtless owing
to a vicious system of managing the currency, and to improvi-
dent banking operations, but which in the main is owing to
the deficient harvests of 1838 and 1839. The Corn-laws, in-
deed, cannot be blamed for the occurrence of bad harvests, but
the Corn-laws, I apprebeed, are clearly answerable for the deep
and aggravated mischief, ruin, and misery, which those deficient
harvests have caused. By forbidding importation until the
price of British grain rises to a high—:even a famine price ;
and by keeping it at or near that level, they have caused so
large, a portion of the earnings of the labourer to be expended
in the purchase of food, that the demand for manufactured
goods has been largely curtailed. Prices have fallen, ruining
the merchant and manufacturer, and employment has been con-
tracted—distressing the labourer. Thus, simultaneously with
the advance in the price of food, the amount of the demand
for labour has been lessened, and by a double operation the
labourer has been depressed and injured. I may not in the
present temper of a minority of this meeting go further into
this part of the question. Before concluding, however, my
brief, necessarily brief, remarks on this important subject,
which we are this day convened to consider, I must allude to
one topic of which much u,e is made by the party who are
now clamouring down all fair argument and discussion—l mean
the subject of wages. It is said that the Anti-Corn-law agita-
tors seek a repeal of the Corn-laws only to depress wages.
Gentlemen, I emphatically deny that the Anti-Corn-law
agitators have any such object. I emphatically assert that
almost to a man they believe, and, on thorough examina-
tion, that the rate of wages is not regulated, except very
remotely, by the price of food. The rate of wages
is dependent on two circumstances, first and mainly, on
the state of agricultural and manufacturing art in any
particular country. A nation producing little can divide little;
no matter what share the labourer and capitalist may get,
neither party can get much, and vice versa; a nation produc-
ing much, that is, a nation in which the arts of agriculture
and manufacture are at a high level of improvement will divide
a large portion, alike to capitalist and labourer. Stripping the
subject of all the mysticism which arises from the introduction
of money prices for labour and commodities, it may safely be
asserted that the rate of wages will be highest in that nation
which (other things being alike) produces food at the lowest
cost of labour and capital. The secondary circumstances which
determine the rate of wages is the state of the demand for
labour. If labour is in great demand wages an ill run to the
highest level which will allow of a profit to capital, equal to
the growth of the population, and sufficient to meet its claims
for employment ; if labour be in excess then wages will fall,
and the amount of the fall *ill be proportioned to the excess
of the supply of labour, which, as in Ireland, may be so great
that the v ale of subsistence and comfort may be of the
lowest possible kind. The argument (if such it may be called)
of the opponents of the proposed resolutions, implies that wages
depend on the mere will and caprice of the employer. '1 he
employer has no voice in the matter, he is the creature of the
market. He must bay labour as he buys all other commodi
ties--cheap, whenever offered in abundance—dear, when it is
much in request. I ask you if wages have been regulated
by the price of food in)this country. I ask, if in 1817, 1818,
1829, 183.8,_ andlB39i, years of high prices, wages were high
or low, employment abtu4ant er scarce ? I ask yno if from
1832 to 1836, years °flow prices, there was not abundant em-
ployment and high wages? A repeal of the Corn-laws would,
as 1 conceive, increase the mass of commodities to be divided
amongst labourers and capitalists—and it would also increase
the demand fir labour ; it therefore follows, according to the
principles that I have lad down, that wages would rise if the
Corn-laws were repealed. I have never heard anything to
gainsay or refute this reasoning. Until Ido I must hold to
my own conviction, and on the strength of those convictions,
I maintain that the charge against the Corn-law tepcslers of
seeking repeal in order to reduce wages, is most unjust. I
[ cordially, second the resolutions.
The CHAIRMAN then put the resolutions to the meeting.
They had not been heard by more than those around the
Chairman ; but. it was perfectly understood that they were the
Resolutions of the Requisitionists, and were in taxoir of the
repeal of the Corn-laws. The show of hands was taken both
ways ; and the Chairman pronounced them to be carried by a
decided majority:
At the same time the sham Chairman, Mr. Hobson, carried
on the farce of putting Mr. Hill's resolution, for which the
Chat ti-tn held tip their hands, whilst the rest of the meeting
laughed at it.
The Chairman having vacated the Chair it was taken by
Mr. Alderman Stansfeld.

Mr. Edw. I.3AINEs, jun., moved the thanks of the meeting
to the Chairman, for his firm, able, and impartial conduct ir
the Chair. _ _

Mr. Wm. WEST said—l beg leave to second the motion of
thanks to John Goodman, Eq. the chairman of this meeting-,
for his conduct in that situation. To take the chair at all in
these times, and in this place, required no
,small degree of
firmness and moral courage, and as a lover of peace and good
order, I rejoice that he ft's shown that courage. I hope that
you will respond to the motion which I now second, that the
thanks of this meeting: be presented to John Goodman, Esq.
chairman of this meeting, for his firm, able, and impartial
conduct in the chair. -
The resolution was put and carried.
Mr. Alderman Joni.; GOODMAN returned thanks, ani the
meeting was declared to be dissolved.

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS

FROU THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.

TIMES.—The premium on gold at Paris is 6 per mille,
which, at the English Mint price of 31. 17s. 101/2d. FT ounce
for standard gold, gives an exchange of 25. 30, and the ex-
change at Faris on London at short being 25. 40, it follows
that gold is 0 40 per cent. dearer in London than in Paris.
By advices from Hamburgh the price of gold is 425 per mark,
which, at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s. 10V. per ounce
for standard gold, gives an exchange of 13.4 i, and the ex-
change at Hamburgh on London at short being 13. si, it fol-
lows that gold is 0.41 per cent. dearer in London than in Ham-
burgh.
'lnc resignation of Mr. P. H. Abbott, one of the official
assignees of the Court of Bankruptcy, with some circum-
stances currently reported to be connected with it, has been
the subject of some general remark to-day in the city. Much
exaggeration has, as usual ;.ieen indulged in, but it appears to
be untrue, as was currently reported, that. he has withdrawn
himself, and any amount of deficiency which he may have in-
curred must be at present entirely matter of conjecture. The
account of the affair which obtains most credit is that he had
incautiously made himself a party to some propositions for loan
contracts to foreign Governments in conjunction with Mr.
John Wright, the banker, of Henrietta-street, under which de-
mands for large advances of money have come suddenly upon
him, which lie is unable to meet. Mr. Abbott is said, indeed,
to hove assigned this as the cause in his letter of resignation,
and, instead of having withdrawn himself, remains to meet the
result of the investigation into his affairs which has been or-
dered by the Court, and which is now proceeding.

POST.—It transpired in the course of the day, that bills
drawn by Colonel Gawler, the Government Commissioner at
Adelaide, on the South Australian Colonization Commissioners
in London, have been protested for non-acceptance, the al-
leged ground of refusal to accept being that the said Commis-
sioners are not in a condition to pay such bills at maturity in
consequence of the Act of Parliament empowering them to do
so not having yet passed. It is feared that much inconvenience
will be caused by this unexpected demur, the bills about tone
returned under protest having, in many instances, gone through
numerous hands in Australia, and been disturbed throughout
the whole of our settlements in that direction.

SUN.—We have still no news from America, and
many parties think the next advices will I,ring us intel-
ligence of the amicable adjustment of all difference?.
The public securities have been brisker to-day. The
current value of Consols for immediate transfer was 881
to 88/, aid Lit time 88/ to 89. The MArtret closed
firmly. The New Three-and-a Half per Cents. were at
97+ to 971, and Exchequer Bits at 75. to ss. premium.
East India Bonds advanced to 75. and 103. discount. A
few dajs back they were as kw at 203. discount. The
.peculators, in the absence of bey later iatelhgenes from
America, arc quite at fault as to how they shall operate.
Money was easy to-day.
The Foreign Market was heavy. Spanish Active Bonds
were marked 23 to 23), ; Portuguese New Five per Cents.
33 to 32a- ; the Three per Cents. 19i to 19i ; Mexican
Stock 29k to 294; • Colombidr, 22 to 221; Brczilian 1 -11
4 ,
and Dutch Twc-and-e- Half prr Cents. 50i.
In Shares a good business w.s done. The Great Western
brought 241 to 25; tiLs New 12 to Ili; the Fifth
6i; the London and Birmingham 64 ; the
e9uartse'r6,4l7to;
the Thirds 20; the New, 21+; the Grcenw;
n, 2li ;Croydon,
and the South Western, IQ- premium. Brighton Shares
II;
were 5/-; Cheltenham and Great Wester
1 ; Manchester and Birmingham,; Shares
Nsok Midland;h Countie,,
Midland New 2i;
and Birmingham and Derby, 28-1
17 ; Northern and Eastern, 23 North
Shares 'esre 81 to 13L and Union die. ; Colonial Bank
The Fore'ga Exchanges w of Australia, 7i prem.
after-
noon. We may he therates for three months paper
were well supported this
thus r—Hatuburgh, 13 9k; Paris, 95f. 65c. to 70c.; Am-

EVENINGr EDITION

sterdam, 12 31 ; Antwerp, 12 2,1; Frankfort, 150 to it
and Trieste, 10 LI/ to 10 2.
The following are the official returns of the exports of
bullion from the port of London f r the week ending
Thursday last : oz.
Silver coin to Hamburg 289 800
Belgium
Calais
Mauritius 84.300
Bars Hamburgh 39,000
Goald coin to Ceylon 250

POLITICAL SUMMARY OF THE
MORNING JOURNALS.

The Times of this morning continues its attacks on the new
Poor-law, and its Commissioners, and glancing incidentally at
the question of national education, observes Every one
knows how much has been lately said in certain quarters upon
the subject of education; but we suspect there are few whose
eyes are yet open to,the existence of a systematic design to
supersede the parental relations, and borrow from continental
absolutism a system which will compel all parents and puar•.
dians, especially the poor, to surrender into the hands of the
State the education and management of their children."
The Morning Chronicle remarks, with reference to the
Church-rate question :—" It is clear that the object of fixing
the qualification for voters for Poor-law guardians was not to
invest Church-rates with any additional security, but to Fro-
v.de that the guardians should be chosen by those who had the
deepest interest in the proper administration of the poor-rates.
he substitution of the term poor-rates for parochial rates
would at once put an end to the evil. The payment of Church-
ates has nothing to do with the qualification for voters for
Members of Parliament, or fur municipal authorities, and why
should it have anything to do with the qualification to vote far
Poor-law guardians ?"

The Morning Post observes, in a leading article on the sub-
ject of the Ministerial system of policy ;—" The Ntinis:-erial
Journals profess very moderate and even Conservative views, te-
cause it is deemed very prudent, and pressingly expedient, to
quiet the apprehensions of moderate politicians who hive
hitherto supported the Administration. But the acts of :he
Government are as much in favour of the movement as the
power and resources of the Government will permit."
The Morning Advertiser, commenting on Mr. Colquhoun's
proposal last night in the Commons, that the religious instruc-
tion of children in workhouse schools should be confined to
clergymen of the Established Church, remarks as follows :
" We regret that this proposal evinced far more of a sectarian
than of a religious character, and was aimed rather at uphold-
ing the undue ascendancy of a State Church than at the incul-
cation and diffusion of those broad and general principles of
religion and morality which all sects and creeds admit to be
essential to the A4-being of the individual and of society.
About creeds opinions may be infinite in variety ; about the
broad duty of man to man a second opinion can scarcely exist."
The Morning Herald observes, in an article on the Eastern
Question :—" Get rid of that incubus on our oriental policy,
Lord Ponsonhy, and we dire undertake that all the intricacies
of the Eastern Question, hopeless as they are deemed to be by
some among us, will speedily vanish before a little English plain
dealing, honest negotiation, and a straightforwa-d, manful re-
solution to fulfil the contract which may be agreed upon."

A WORKING MAN ON CHARTIS 11.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR,—If the Charter is a truth, and people acknowledge
its consistency, they are not obliged to agree to all that
may fall from its advocates. The " People's Charter" is
one thing and Chartism another. The former is a huge
block of principle unwedgible and indestructible, and round
which some future generation may gather to do homage ;
but Chartism, on the contrary, as developed by the speeches
and actions of its leaders, is devoid of all principle, either
of justice or expediency, having fa.len away to mere sec-
tarianism, and is now felt but as a clog on the actions of
the movement party.
The Chartists may be powerful as a sect to work un-
easiness to their Mends, but never, until allied to the
large liberal party of the country, can they be of the least
annoyance to their foes. In fact, it may be questioned if
they—occupied with their tee-totalism and other shallow
theories—may now, in a strict sense, be called a political
party, For a political party, as distinguished from a sect
(the mere propagators of a creed), must act on the public
mind by means of an active and tolerant intelligence
amongst its leaders, applied to the passing every-day oc-
currences of the time, whilst the sectarian, led by the
" blind fire of feeling," fierce and intolerant in the belief
that he alone is right, and that to gibbet the feelings, and
hold up to the ridicule of an excited multitude, ell these
who in any degree differ with him in opinion, is a public
duty which in no case can by him be overlooked.
Where, I ask, is there to bo found in the Chartk
rank that large-hearted and charitable strength which
alone can overcome the obstacles of interest or prejudice
opposed to them? Where the English spirit and Lvely,
buoyant intelligence which bespeaks a confidence in wel'-
tried principles ? Is it, in the puerile and leaky mind
which, child-like, says—" If you don't give me what I
want by a certain day, I will neve: ask }on for it aga n,
but will sulk for a month ?" What but these s( If-atjl,d
leaders of the people has made the Chartist ii liculeus,
and his name a bye-word of contempt.

It is not in the abuse of those who have taken an in-
terest in their proceedings, in the reviling c f all till mea-
sures which have helped us to the present stage of opr im-
provement, that there men can hope for aid or sympathy
from the majority ; nor in dealing broad and sweeping
anathemas against the institu.ions of the count-y, mocking
at the word sacred as applied to them, and wilfully closing
their eyes to .the principle of freedom, which eneilea them
to talk with impunity, as they do, tkat. which it it
was not noneense, would he somethi• g wer:.e, that they
can hope to canvey a conviction to the mind ihat. their
principles arc just and honest.
Do these men, in tl&r senseless opposition to the prty
nesreit therns.clveq, ever rcflect on the arnotat of power
in we,l:h and intelligence Ll', aycd against them as deadly
fees to their Charter ? First, as high. st intellect a-d
the &clients of real power, stand the Pu!c.,ies, a small
but sa;;i lly.increasing party, one that will t've,tuallyt as
the ground lj narrowel between aristocracy and demo-
cracy, ab,orb the majority of the Chive' and Sae
party, as nte..oss:ty forces then to combine for ti:e pr..-
setv,tion of thi is privileges. Next may be w mid the
clergy of the Establishment, which, fir com..inati n and
the spifit of party, is unrivallet, vti h great wealth, red,
by aid of its ca beg, immense influence ; then the aris-
tocracy of privilege, the nobles, the owners of the land,
many of three iDsignificant as ind.viduals. many also of a
high chivalrous epitit, but the who7e united as on:, band
against the Charter. The aristocracy of wealth arc an
ambitious, unscrupulous class, from which the maks of
the above classes tee r.. ern't physically and financially,
all of e.cse hostil • tn the Coarter.

To the n iJd'e classes, then, comprising ill.; literary, the
seientid:;, the prr frssional, and trading, communities, should
the Chaiti t leaders rntr, particularly ci act their
lion ; •this is the numerous and influential body occupying
the &turti at midway 'rstwc ea the two contending powens
in e country, hoichng the ha'anee hetweer. them, and ea-
pthile; at any time as in the case of the Itrf.,rm Bill, of
deciding., by th,r wei;ht of its influence, any me rFure be-
fore the country. They are our fareguard against civil
wars, protecting each prty alternst, ly against the other
by,the nid of public opiniotr, awakened through the public
pros in favour of peace and the rights of buth person and
property. Now is it just or expecient in the Chartists to
kid their most virulent abuse against this prty, the ono
by whose rid alone they can peaceably gain their object;
and to talk of geiai;:g it by force, with this patty in oppc-
siti.m, a:A the whole array of a-istocrzey to boot, whalf
agaita.t both reason and exrrrie :cc.
The above must Le taken as the opinions of a working
roan and for what they ate worth. It is but an attempt on
t'.e part a one who is favourable to the People's Charier,
to chow that all its advocates sae not alike hostile to the
middle classes. .

1 am, Si your obeleat servant,
A POOR WEAVER.

litalfields, March 29._

THE SON OF ROBERT BURNS.—Major
Burns, the son of the justly.crlebrated Scottish pot,
who his recently completed 26 Sears' £C-v:ce in India,
and who now holds an appointment under the factory core-
.- " has been officially engaged dtring the list ten
core-
mission, ,
days
in
the pp
ployed and other factories of the lcearity of
Maidstone, perhaps the mod favourable district for the
causes.
uws
ei
with
two c:no
ft
health of tip's() employed of any in the kingdom. It
would be a libel upon Maidstone to suppose that Major
Burns has not been welcomed by the lovers of the belles
leltres amongst her population. Major Burns is rather of
shorter stature than his highly.gifted father, but possesses
a considerable resemblance to the poet in the upper part of
his face, and much of that conversational facility in which
poor Burns is said so singularly to have excelled, refined
and polished by intercourse with the talented and the
great. A complimentary dinner was given to Major
Burns at the Haunch of Venison lan.on Monday. by seve-
ral ardent admirers of his father
Dover Chronicle.
Loss OF LIFE...-.
at the different fire in-
.a extraordinary genius.
FIRES, AND DREADFUL .
ved
On Monday information was
0 hiss, between five
and deplorable fires :—On .
Th
a dreadful fire happened in
and six o'clock in the morning,
surance offices hs the metropolisrece
touidif the following destructive
The premises were the
which wholly destroyed ?
fed Coupon, residing in the village,
property of a fanner
.natmnants,
is unfortunately uninsured. 'the
who, together with his e n
the village of Leekhampsteardhnuescasr. Newbury, in Berkshire,
g and fatal fire occurred at Eynes-
morning a most distressing three houses were burned to the
ford, in Kent, by
rs
to have originated on the premises oc.
hheissasmcems
ground. It appea ,
fire was occasioned
lauouring man and his family, situate on
copied by poo
the top oabout six
f Crocktio'n Hill, and to have broken out at Biz
the lab
o' lack banfdr::hidaceleidftenhtalom
c . 1 eir work about twenty minutes before, leaving
to oto t i
deaf, and four children '
. who „as in bed asleep On
his wife,
being given the eldest daughter, a fine • '
the alarmne girl, four-
teen years of age, flung herself out of the back room window
of the first floor, with the youngest child in her arms,
and the other two were about following the example, when
one of them, named Ann, turned back for the
purpose
of arousing her mother, who slept in the front
room, and
perished. Both of them were observed at the front room
imploring assistance, but soon after the flooring gave way
and they disappeared. The fire burnt • • 1 nee for
with great vio e
nearly two hours, and was not subdued until three houses
were destroyed. Mr. c held an inquest
arttar, the coroner,
on Friday last at the
Chequers' Arms, in the village, on the
bodies of the sufferers, Hishman and her daughter
Mary Ann Hishraan. The invests
gation lasted several hours,
but no information could .be obtained as to how the fire
originated. The Jury, in consequence, returned a verdict
of " Found burned to,
death. "_On Wednesday, last a de.
etruetive fire, supposed to be the work of an
.incetnodi;y,
took place on the farming establishment
Cambridgeshire,
belonging to
r.
Samuel Witt, at Swaffan Prior,..
inf 50w. on Tuesday pro-
pertymorn-
mg was consumed to the extent, o
at the new mills in Stafford-
mg a portion of the cotton facstory,
Hoachford and Co., were de-
stroyed.shire, the property of
4leessstrimatcd at 1,600/.—On the same
'lhe damage is
fire broke out in the village of Graf-
day (Tuesday) a terribled
three
_
hreo houses fell a sacrifice to the
Graf-
ton, in Warwickshire, an
of 1,0001.
flames. The loss is upwards
. ,
LACHRYMA CHRISTI:--A ridiculous mistake
was once committed by a good honest country squire of
m acquaintance, who had received a present of some of
thewine, and neither unlerstood its name, nor whence it
came. ,r What say you to a glass of wine?" said he one
day to me at dinner ? I bowed, and he continued, " What
shall it be ?" " Anything." ~ Come, then,_ let us try
: some of L—'s wine, that he bought at Christies.".—.
I Swinburne's Courts of Europe.

ENING EDITION.

Now reaey, in 2 vols. bro., with Portrait, 2F.s. bound,
SWINBURNE'S “COURTS OF
EUROPE."
Henry Colburn, Publisher , 13, Great Marlborough-street.

LESSONS .IN LIFE.
ust. published, in 1 vol. Svo:, with Twelve Illustrations on Steel
by Onwhyn, price 12s. cloth boards,
MAXIMUMSK.
AND SPECIMENTS
OF WILLIAM MUGGINS.

By CHARLES SELBY, Comedian.
*„* This series of shrewd and humourous derneations of
real life originally appeared in the' Sunday Times," and from
the numerous inquiries made for them are now offered to the
public in a colleted form.
Printed and published by Chapman and Eleoate, Shoe-lane,
Fleet-street, London ; and may be had of all Booksellers.

THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN.
UNTDER the MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS.
THIS EVENING, MARCH 31
Will be repeated the New Comedy, in Five Acts, entitled
LONDON ASSURANCE.
Sir Harcourt Courtly, Bart., Mr. W. Farren ; Max Hark-
away, Mr. Bartley; Charles Courtly, Mr. Anderson;
Mr. Adolphus Spanker, Mr. Keeley; Mr. Dazzle, Mr. C.
liithee•v; dark Meddle, Mr. Harley; Grace Harkaway,
Madame Vestri3; Lady Gay Spanker, Mrs. Nisbett ; Mrs.
Pert, Mrs. Hurobv.
Afie; which the New Drama, in Three Acts, entitled
'filE EMBASSY. _ _

Duke tie Nevers, 1\1;. Moore ; Viscount Rene de Rohan,
3lr. Anderson ; Baroness du Pont, Miss Ellen 'free i Madame
de Brissac, Ma:'arne Vestris.
To-morrow, Lc'.don ssurrnce, with The Embassy.
Doors tc I e evened at. half-past Six—the pertorniances t•
eosin '.r,; at e7e: o'Clo2l.
Dress Boxes is. ; Set:mid Price, 3s. 61.; First and Second
''irc'es. ; Second Price, •Is. 6d. ; Pit, Si. ; Seconl Price.
2,..; Gallery is.
'Fiskets and plat vs for the Bores to ix taken of Mr. Grogan
at the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season Tif...liets
m :y re Lad ,pon applicatifm.
Private BOM . to be had so'elv of Mr. And:SA.3, bookseller,
:67. New Rend-street.