The Sun.
London, England, 1815-08-05 00:00:00

TO tilE

• ',..Sitik,—The Committee whom you bad Charged
to revise tile nindametital Law of the United
PrhvitibeS., and . td. prophse the intiditieations re=
quire(' try the increase Of territOry, .the crectioa,
Of the Low ebuttliieS into lingdorit, and Ili*
stipitlations of die TrtritieS. of -London and,
ernia, has applied to this Wiirls, with all the zeal
inspired by its importance, and by the desire of
justifying yotir .I%4jeSty's .ednfidenee.
You declared; Sire, to the Notable's assembled
last year in the City of AmSterdani; that yoti had
accepted the B(iVereiglity Oil the. eipresS
that a• fundamental la* shoald'iufficiently gua-
,rantee,persanal liberty, the security of property,
'and, in et, word, all those civil rights i hich cha-

racterise a people realt#
Front these words, which glitikide has oi
gtay.cti:iin" every heart, fEoui the manner and ha-
bits.apte nation; from its publie.ecOnOmy; from
institutions tried by the experience Of ayes, were
&rived with A. distrust of theory too turf( ~isti-
fled byso M ,my ephemeral constitutions; the
Principles of this first law; ivhielt is not,an ab-
§tractititi More ot.lesS.ingenions; but a latv atlopt-
a to the salvation of Holland at.the_ceminence.
meat of the Igth etlittirV.

it has not rebtiilt tvliat IVaS entirely %torn ont
by tittle; but it has railed again it-hat .mighr be
preserved with advantage. It is in till's Spirit that
it has re=established the ProVineial Assemblies,
rtiOilieying their oi-gaiiiation. Ii its relations to
the general Governatent, this organization had
not-al,vaYS been tree froth just 'censure: These
relations have c'ease'd. '

But the Provincial Assemblies, fts directing the
internal administration, had greatly contributed
to the prosperity of the country ; this adminis-
tration has been restored to itheM. The funda-
mental law has also restored AO the cities and rural
districts, all the independence compatible ♦cith.
the general welfare.

it, has invested the SoveiTign AI thority with all
the prerogatives. calcu,lated to make it respected
at home and abroad. •

It assigns the legislative power jointly to the
Prince and the states General elected by the rro-
vincial States, who are themselves elected b'S, all
the inhabitants of the kingdom,who ate interested
in its prosperity.
In such a system of laws and institutions well
combined . together, the Members of the Coin-
mittec . who belong to the. Southern Provinces
have recognized the bases of their ancient consti-
tution ; the principles of their ancient liberty and.
independence ; and it It AS not been difficult to
modify the laws so as to render it common to both.
nations, united by bonds, the breaking-of which
has been followed only by their own, misfortunes
and those of Europe--,-bonds which .it is their
wish and the interest of Europe to render indis-
soluble.

.Cotifined to this tack,
,and taking for the bases
of our laboftirs•this first law, formed on liber4
and- paternal views, •-.le have examined in succea-
sion its general principle, and its particular dis-•
poSitiots.
• We have endeavoured, Sire, to imbue ourselves
with your spirit, and to impress an the Constitu-
tion which is to govern your fine kinidom, that
character of justice and be ievolence' which Is
found in all your actions; in all your sentiments.
We have not had the presumptnou,s pretenstotx
to foresee to regulate every thing; we have left.
room for future experience lo .contribute its pact
to the completion of the walk ; to have only laid
foundations on- which your wisdom, enlighten.ed•
by time and other counsellors, will raise institu-
tions, rather indicated than fixed, and-which will
complete Without useless delay, but without pre-
cipitation, the edifice of which we have traced out.
the dimensions and laid the foundations.

lit -dividing the kingdom into provinces, we have
retained for the northern provinces the division
adopted by the first law.; restoring to each of thent
iti ancient limits, slightly modified for their com-
mon-interest.

Tile same interest has Made us prefer for the
southern provinces a different principle. NVe have
merely changed the names of the departments
(Art. 2).
A lapse of more than 20 years has created be-
tween the inhabitants of each of these departments
ties and connections, which could not be destroy-
ed without touching upon numerous interests,
without causing numerous enbarrasslpents to the
Governments, and useless and injurious to the
governed.
..•

IWe t►ave"placed the .provinces of the kingdom
►n the order which had been adopted previously
to their separation by Charles the Fifth and his
prrilecesSorS.

The province of Luxembourg, 'which takes the
title of Grand Duchy, and replaces in your Majes-
ty's house your.aerinan States, is an acccsiou of
the highest importance to the kingdom.
We' have been informed, Sire, of the rights
which family compacts had given to your youngest
son on the states of Nassau. We !neve recognised
the just claim which that P:ince has to indemni-
ty ; but we have believed that it is for the State-.
'General to propose, either by the cession of do-
niains, or by sonic othey means, the measures
which shall beSt satisfy what equity commands,
and what the gratitude of the nation prescribes.
We venture, Sire, respectfully to express the
,wish that arrangements may he made in concert
with your Allies, that the Urand Duchy of Lux-
embourg may never upon- any account cease to
make a part of the kingdom. This wish, founded.
in the interests of the state, seems to us to b 4;
likewise conformable to khe, interest of Europe.
All the guarantees which the first fundkimental
law had given to individual liberty and property
have been retained. We have found but little to
add to them.

Every arbitrary arrest is forblchlen (Art. 16.9),
If on urgent occasion the Government causes an,
individual 'to be arrested, t,c Louois be brought

--is rcnru incur tials- ornTrt--Trie-Thi :;,C iklf-DITFC 11 triaNfir
ass;gns him (169).
No one eau. un(ler any pretext whatever, be
withdraWn jirisdietibri of this judge.
(167).•
The unjust-penalty of confiscation is abolished.
(171.) •
A IljndicialsentenOcs must he prononneeti in pub:.
iic (17), Those in civil causes most contain the
grout,ds on which they are founded (1730 in cri-
minal cast` they mu t declare the circumstances
of the crime, and the hut applied by the Judge
(172).
No one can be deprived of his property, except
for tl!e public benefit, and for a reasonable intlem-
(tits- (164.)..
The abode of every subject of the King is in-
violable (170).
Time rivbt of petitioning duly regulated, is re-
cognized by the law.(161). It admits of no
vilege in respect to taxes (.198.). ..•
Every subject of the .King-is eligible to all em-
plOyments, withont distinction'of birth or reli-
- giousbelief (11 and.l9B). '
•In reserving the first functions of the States to
natives born of Parents- domieiliated in the king-
dom (8), the law admits :to other employments,
both natives Of the country and those who may be
natimilized in it ; this.hospitable country will a -
. ways offer protection and kindness to those whom
liberal laws, and a paternal government, may in-
duce to settle in it ; hut the right of voting upon
its dearest interests, or of sharing in their direc-
tion, must belong to those alone who have sucked
in with their mother!S milk the love of their

couutrv.
The liberty of the PrcSs will have no other
re-
:tra:nt than the responsibility of him .who writes;
prints, or-distributes (227).
We have placed among the first duties of the
c;'overnmeirt, that of protecting public instrOction,
mhich most spread among all.elasses the know-
ledge useful to all; and atnong the higher' classes
that love of literature and science which embellish
life, make a part of the national glory,-and are
tot itna tely connected hoth with .the prosperity and
security of the State (226).
Fe'.v countries in Europe have done so Muclr as
our ;provinces for the indigent 'Classes—few have
many est-abliShinetits where age andinfirmity
find. an asylum nod succour, and indigent youth
gratuitous instruct ion
!
.The lively interest which is excited in your na-
iests by these monuments of the. piety of the.
Christian charity, of the henevolvtlce of our an-
cestors, is also•pginted otit as one of the. duties of
'our King (228).
The 'most- precious of all rights, that of liberty
f conscience, guaranteed as formally as it is
possible to ,be (190).
'4 We venture to belieVe, Sire, that these divers
Aispositions will fulfil the •condition which )ott
have so nobly _imposed.
The towns, the .rural, communes, and the dis.-
/ricts nhich (tom these. communes shall enjoy
for their internal administration all .the Vertm-
&nue which is. not at Variance, with the general
'good (155).
The local authorities shall govern in their juris-
diction like good fathers of families ; hut this
jurisdiction is a part of the great family, and they
must not have it in their power' to injure its

terests.
The Provincial States approve their budget (156.)
:The Government takes cognizance of them, and
takes in this respect the measures which the ge.'
tieral good prescribe (.159).
It can suspend lir annul all tine Acts of the Lo-
cal AdMinisirationS which may be contrary to the
laws, or detrimental to the general interests.
The rural districts shall have their ancient li-
rnirslimits recently adopted or entirely new ;.
they shall.have their ancient denOtnination, the
mune they have at present, or a new: name, as
circumstances or local interests may prescribe.—
The limits and the administration of the districts
and communes, both rural and urban, shall he
regulated by statutes which the King shall make
in his Council, after the.advice of the Provincial
States, 'of the Municipal Government, Or of
.a
02minittee composed of persons acquainted with
the local circumstnn'ccs of the district, and inte-
rested in its welfare (132 and 154).
' We have recalled to your Majesty's mind the-
good which has occurred t 9 the country from the
administration of the Provincial States, 'free in
future from all participation in the Government,
it will be still mote useful. Equally regietted in
the Northein and Southern Piovinces, where
mimetons in,titutious, public works of a most in-
teresting nature, 'and constantly increasing pros-
perity attested their usetul :influence. • Pteferied
tip till other modes of administration by en-
lightened men in a neiyhbouring country, ;dive
such a regime wits ,not generally kootvn, it will
be for our Government a wholesome means, the
more., proper iu niaXe the laws lored.and, respect-
ed, as it-will inspire more esteem and confidence.
Far, Sire, from your heart are these pernicioei
maxims which separate the interest of the Prince
from.the interest of his subjects, and austake the
strength and the happiness which xesult. front
114 e %r constant and intiniate union.
The Provincial States will lay at the. foot (Attie
throne tue expression of their wants,-the wishes
viyonr'sithkets (131
. Charged with every thing relative to the in-
ternal economy of the province, they make with
the King's approbation, such regulations and
orilinauccs a-, they Shall judge,necessary (146).
They share, according to certain rules, the ad-
ministration of the waters, bridges, and cause-
weir, vitl, a special board, which on fiedOnnt 1)1
its importance, received from the first fundamen-
tal law a constitutionalcharacter, which was con-
tintied to it (215,225).
None of time brancheS of time provincial admi-
Ills:ration must be.tereicp Jo the. States. Bat as
it is of • importance that the menthersshould he
sufficiently numerous, they cannot be.always as-
soliblea. „To
exercise that part of their authority
tvulcli teAttires daily, ditties and incessant care,
they name from-among th.l:ir own hotly a perma-
nent deputatio.l, which gives them an account of
its labours (153),
The States and this Deputation was presided by
a cOmmission named by. the hing, W:ho ertc
a...hcs
over the:interest of the provinces, Oil 040.5 e of

LAS-c.t.e.tion
(137).

• By him the supreme Lead of- the
will be infotmed "of all that ncay deserve, his soli-
thik; this oflic-er can thus, by explaining the
true motives of various dispositions, the Mt entiOn
of whichinight he mistaken, become a vtry
ful•bond 'of unign between the Minisay.of. the
King <a id the. Provincial States:
The first fundamental law did not fix the cont.=
-poSition of. the States,-it has been determined
since, by regulations made in each province who
have received your Majesty's sanction., •They to-,
cal the ancient institutions of Holland, and have
nothing contrary to those of Belgium. AVe have
thought it advisable to insert in the fundamental
law itself the composition of the Spites (129.)
The nobility which may or may not be united
in an equestrian body, the eitits and the country
take a share in the provincial adttiinistration, in
proportions varying according to the circumstances
of each province (131). The principle alone will
be fixed, and uniform, all the rest. may differ ac-
cording to lUcal circumstances, and will be Mo-
dified by your Majesty after the lessons of expe-
rience. •

Happy the nation, which, in- 'forming its Con-
stitution, is not obliged to precipitate any thing,
to. leave anything to chances because it can with
confidence leave to its King the care of complet-
ing andiperfecting its Constitutional Laws.
But we have thought, that ater a certain time,
it was prOper to put a liMit to the desire of ame-
liorating, and that the stability of what was'ac:-
knovvledged tO'be good should be preferred, to the
vague hope of perfection,
We propose to consider, after the lapse.of ten
years, as definitive, and as making a part of the
fundamental law, the dispositions of the Statutes
emanating front your Aljesty, or approved by
you, relajive to the right of electing the Members
of the siNeral Colleges (Assemblies), and the
right of sitting lir them, that is to say, the exer-

vise of ltulitical rights• (7'.)
It is to-the Provincial States that-the project
which lvelay before your Majesty rives the eleC-
tion of the States General. An 'Electoral Body
being already formed, of Members elected either
directly or indirectly by the nation, it was super;
litmus to organize any other. This mode, be-
sides,.enters into the general system of the Con-
stitution, which. makes all powers emanate troth

. .
each other, descending without the inconvenience
of popular elections,' to 'those .classes of society
which bear by a small. pArt in•the bur-diens of the
States, yet, having:an interest to defend, have a
right to be 'represented (133-134)-.
The number of Deputies to he sent by each
province to the States General has been subject
to some difference of opinion. Sonic Members
argued for the most just and simple. proportion ;
plan,sible reasons, and nutneroti; examples were
not wanting to support this
.opinion ; these rea-
sons have been confuted, the justness of the appli-
cation of these examples to the union of our pro-
vinces has been disputed, and it has been observ-
ed that the colonies which acknowledges the
northeren provinces as their Mother Country, the
importance of their commerce, and the many- mil-
lions of :inhabitants subject to the laws of the
metropolis, did not permit, the adoption of 'tbe
European popnlivicm as the only basis of repre-
sentation ; that the only means, of establicbing
perfectly, and fur ever, an intimate and sincere
union between the two con at ties was to give each

an equal. representation. The .majority acceded
to this Opinion. The present number of,Deputies
sent by the northern provinces remains unchanged.
That of the Southern Provinces has been regn-

late(' in au equitable manner. paying p►ittic•ula:r
attention to their population, and to the propor-
tional number of •Deputies by which they have
been already represented -(79).
But there is a part of the States General which
. we have thought -ought not to be subjected to a
periodical 'election. The great increase which
the State has received, the rank it assumes among
the nations of- &trope, the diversity of the ele-
ments of which it is composed, its more .esmpli-
eated interests, have imposed it upon us as a duty
not to disdain the lessons of experience.
We Rave thought that to binder precipitation
in the deliberations, to oppose in ditEcult times a
barrier to the passions, to surround the throne
with a bulwark which may baffle the attempts .of
faction, to give the nation a perfect guarantee
against all arbitrary extension of power, it was
expedient, after• the example of powerful king-
doms and flourishing republics, to divide the Re-
presentatives of the nation into two-provinces.
To- effect' this division, we have not adopted lc),
reign institutions, which might not well a.malga-
' mate with pur .national institutions. We have
sought the principles of this division in the spirit
which induced its adoption. Created particularly
to, binder what. error or passion .may have advis-
ed; this part of the States General has no-right to
make any proposition to the King ; Purely pas:-
sive, it rejects or adopts the propositions .that are
laid .before it. Prudence and wisdom tr.-C. the
chief requisites in its Members. The project re-
quires that they shall be at least 40 years-Md.
They would not afford the whole guarantee that
is hoped for, if they had not the greatest interest
in . the national welfare: '.rhey are therefore
,chosen among the persons most distinguished .by
their services, their birth, or :their fortune ,(80),.
There ate few things which 11101 defend better
than their personal consideration, the remem-
brance- and the recompence of their services.—
Those must be cordially attached to their country,'.
,who 'derive the respect slime' to them. from a
flame which their ancestors have rendered illustri-
ous in its service. _ _

The possessors of a large fortune rested in land
lent to the State, or usefully employed in stip-
poqing the national commerce, gill- carefully
watch that bone of those sources of public ‘l,eoltb
may not be obstructed or, dried tqc Theli would
not be sufficiently independent if they were liable
to be
,removed. •We,prOpose to nominate them
for life. This nomination imist come from the
King.- The spirit of a Monarchical Government
prescribes it—the interest of the nation demands
.it. ;This prerogative will give the Sovereign an
influence over the
.higher classes of the society,
which will he useful to all. It has been the con-
stant rule of our conduct--the inviolable guide of

11.1114'7)111^11PraTIC(a1(1::S lu 11/C e
SCIIi7e Of a linnet(' ‘fonitreliy.
The Kinq prapo,es to tilt.. Cha:ob,r, elecieti 4 the t'rovivi:-
12
I al
Statt,,
the
I et• of WS' which have be.ti dcieberatk d
upon in his Council of !-;t;oe (tu;).
This Chamber e3amioe, them; and, itavitiz adripteci them,
scuds them to the other Chamber, which )1,, to eaaasine ilea]
the same manner (109':

>U S,

•
The Chamber, whose Members are chosen fur life, receives
and disotsses theproposit ions which the other thinks it proper
to nuke to the King. It never makes any itself (I 13-1.15.
It adopts the'proposition and transmits it to the King, who
gives or refuses his sanction (136). •
lit• not adopting, it will fur the most part only save the
King from exereisifig not'only a necessary, hut indispensible
right: but which: it too often repeated, might -weaken that
reciprocal confidence 'so Useful to the Monarch and so fortu-
nate for the people. , In ever); case the law is ,the' result of
the assent of the King and of the two Chambers (119). In
tuost ,of our•prvviuces,. and especially in the northern ones, a
great proportion of the inhabitants took part in the direction
of atfairs,.by the effect, of the organization of the public
thorities ; and this participation kept alive public spirit,
which is the most powerful spring of representative govern-
ments.

The Government finds itself much stronger, it is tutteh
better obeyed when it makes hnown to-the nation the motives
of its determinations, the objects of the sacrifices which it
iniposeti, and of the efforts which it coniniands. Recent ex-
amples prove what vast resources arise to Government; where
the whole people follow from conviction the grand measures
it adopts.
We have thought, that to preserve this precious advantage,
it was necessary to render the sitting of the States-General
public, restraining, however, this publicity within the limits
which way prevent the abuse of it, and remove all kinds of
danger (108).
• To devehtpe the motives of the projects of laws, to make
the views of Government known and appreciated, to faciti-
tate useful modifications, the heads of the diTartments of the
General AdminiStration shall enter both the Chambers of the
States General. • But this right, which is granted then to in-
form the Assembly, dies not give them the right of vOting.
upon the resolutions which it is to take (91)
`We have inserted:in.the fundamental law scene dispositions
concerning ate tnannur df deliberating which may apmndto
be 'never-evil:an:us. They derive the importance which we
attach to them, from the advantage they offer of multiplying
and facilitating the relations between the Memhers elected iv,-
the different provinces,. of making all well acquainted with
the motives of the propositions, and even with the most deli-
cate considerations whicirmay induce their adoption or re-..
jection (107 and 11!.)
.It is also-With a desire to keep up a perfect harmony that
we have subjected to certain forms !lie relations of the two
t.hantbevs with each other, and their communications with
the Government (109, &c.)
We hate no need, Site, to frive.any'reason for inserting in
the project of the fundamentahaw, die forms of.several oaths.
Your Nlajesty reigns over a people who have a religious res.
pc'et for the solemnity of an oath, Who take none bitt with
tine reflection, and faithfully perform what they have sworn to
observe..

The basis of the organization of the judicial p-ower, in the
first fundameutallaw, nearly approaching the ancient laws of
Holland, do not esscotially deviate, from the ancient legisla-
tion of Belgium—we have retained them. -
In civil causes, the Judges in the.first instance sire placed
nearer to those under their jurisdiction (184).
A-court of appeal is for one or more Provinces (182).
A high court, superior to these tribunals, regulates their
tsetse and to this the law which will organire the whole judi-
Vial System, may give more extensive attributes (130).
• In criminal matters, the prosecution and punishment of
crimes are coon-pitted in a certain resort to Magistrates al-
ready invested with the cognizance of civil causes, stud tem-
pering by this double, capacity the habit of severity which may
be contracted by the dully exercise of the right 'of punish-
ing (1831. . •
A high militaey court, composed. of 'military persons and
lawyers, is charged vvith the revision of the sentences of
Courts martial, to which untierons reasons make it proper
to leave the cognizance of. all crimes committed by militery
persons (183);
Codes coMm 's
on to the whole shall lie formed of the
civil, penal, and ciiininercial laws, and of the-Organization of
justice (163).
Thu independence hf the Judges is guaranteed, they receive
• fr""t the public tileasorY a salary fixed Inv the la"', add arc
named by the• King, the must of for opus! the pre.,
sentation Of the Provincial Slates, er of the seems.' Chamber
of the States. General 078; 102, 158;. „
Such, Sire, are. the . of a system of laws, which matured
in your Council, .and sulonitted to the sauction,of the States
General, will .be a new benefit eanferred ou VOttr people.
We have adopted also all the principles laid doWn by the
first, law; for - the defence. of the state, a Permanent army
will be as it were the advaitc,;d:wiara of site isektimi(2o4),...e-e
I A militia, wisely orgainsed, will alWays be ready to fly to
the defence of the cenntry !'21,16 and 212,••
The nation,. wholly included in the guards of the com-
munes, will defend in a mass, if necessary, its liberty and its
ind kepem-nee (213). Some parts of the laws lately adopted
for the militia hare appeared to us proper to be included in
the fit nilarnental law, faccanse -they guarantee- to the state serer
Vices which it has 'a. right to-claim, awl to families fixed and
invarialde roles, insuseiTtible of ,any arbitrary or :inconside-
rate extension.
• In speaking of the sacred duty of defending. the country;
we have called l's mind two celebrated epochs of our history,
the paciheation of Ghent, ,which preceded the unhappy sepa-
ration of the Seventeen Provirees, and the union of Utrecht,
the basis. of the national Tindependuncoe the source of su.
mud!' glory and prosperity, (20 3).
One dav our deseendantsswiil recall with just -Fisic these.
memorable days in which the Dinch stmt the Belgians, before,
they were formed into one natioo, but already united toge-
ther by the hundsnt, esteem -and frinernitv have; under- the
standards of your valiant sons, rivalled tile bravest .on the
banks of the Sambre, and-on the plains of Waterloo, those
:days, when 'worthy' to fight Muter Princes of the House of
Nassau, they have acquired the esteem of your'Allies, souse:
.glory and: laurel, which are ! pledges of the intrepidity with
which they will at all times defend their reentry, their King,
and a social compact, fermed miner such happy anspiccs. .
The.indepentlenee of it nation; worthy to•be trine, governed
by a family, in which Trudenee mid valour sire handed down
from fattier to son, will be respected.by its neighbours.
The Princes of your House will exercise with. prudence
the right of itaking war aunt peace,- which is, inherent in a
well constituted Monarci,y. We have not restricted it ; lint •
we ventort, to say to- your Majesty, that while we were em-
ployed its settling the prerogatives of the Croivii, we never
forgot how much you have at heart the liberty and the rights
•14-the tuition.
We think that the project of the fundamental law gives to
• the Crown all the power whieh the essence of a•Monarchical
Government, the extent of the territiiry, and'an active and
salns protection of every right, of every interest, may render
desirable, and that its duty fixes-the limits which your:Ma-
jesty Would yourself wish to set to thieautlicrity of a Monarch,
Who, in the lapse of tilde, might out resemble you.
.The reciprocal -obligations and promises of the King, and
of his people, will, he cemented by salemn oaths.
The inauguration of the King shall be accolnpanied by every
thing that can give to this grand act the character which he-
. longs to it ; performed accord; ote to anciciet Usages' in-ls pub-
lie situate, it-will belts the presence of a-great number of Isis
subjects that the. King will receive the oaths of allegiance,
which'will 'be taken to ]lien by the nation; that lo.; wili
liini-
self swear to observe the fundamental law, to •have sit-heart
the happiness of his people, to imitate the founder•of the na-.
tional independence, and the first 'King of,tbe Monarchy.
The transmission' of the CroWn in this illustrious
'has been regulated by the conventions which lotyi pacified
Europe. • In inscribing it in the fundamental law, we have
added to it the necessary tlerelopeinents to prevent,- in :All
leases, doubts and interpretations which have sometitnes cost
a nation-so dear.
Several religions comninnities .have been attracteclto ,
land by the mildness of its laws,.and by the protection which
the Government afforded them. This protection will remain
the same (iW);
The law might have stopped there., and lucre left to your
Majesty the care of proving how great is-y:otar care Nl' the
Mioistersof religiolt, but it seemed to es that the•fundamen-
tal law:Might make it a duty for. •titir sucees'sors to tale your
noble sentiments for the rule of their coilduct (8):2.,, and con-
tain liesides.,the assurances that. no form of worship shall
ever Ir""le the liberty Of the rest, all being equally guareiii-
•tced bw the lawa Of the State (19f;):
•We think, Sire, that et Constitutional Law which constitutes
all legitimate rights, ..whosci,pritieiples are derived irons She
manners and character of the nation, may hopy for a longer
duration: than one :founded upon were theory; lint time
. c henges and modifies everything,. and a. means of • revision
'not foreseen nor fixed at :k certain period, but tv,ssli)le it the
necessity of •mute changes should its suns;;!)' tek, seemed to
US' useful it.-aitendea with forimi that preeent " cheek all
spirit of innovation (249, 28:1).
liat;hbuied reserved to die Committee which
,hats dr:iwt•it it 11(5 the i
the three first-years.' wecifiniailittertph'Coi:ti.sittlift

i

t"11:;Itl-fit4i4:114.-:‘:):r-t-7:;d7 'l"i:7il;.lii''';'',:;l.l:l-7----::::1;::17'''':::::::'l''::1.::11:.:1)17ii'tt:::::1:1111'1::';
i
ae
I'CII' il'I.::::::•:11...1.:::14:iSl.',1(ltf t'i't::ltl-t.')l4.:'''st;t"til.';'.liiii;''.''',l-.f;).41l 1;:::.I'E':;i.:ii--Y11€1'ti:...Iti'.1.i.:.:::-';';'-...;I'ir.'::''(‘I''''''''.:1;1;:.f.:'11'‘Il'(:::.11:11:1:).:i.C:)::::'°11::;4..':1:ii:;i'litt4C-11Lirl‘:1:Ai:ill'Ilil4)).(5::1;61::eti'''::1:.•ic;.
ItN..ttcll it .lias rrcs:'.7r,l w• r!,_,,,t,Thu,,ii,,d, twoaatit,6loll2tlo'
nue, the two t',:a,a1;,.1.4 )- -', . sr t .s Geiler;iii a f to;tlV
vl. P.,',' tir ,tu-rwise -.--, • •
nation • - ' ' ' ' -
• thAt :t w.,,at•iolitrilf.`s(hiititaial Art 1.1 , ' gerent
li!s
ii::,.;:itii,lt,:t);','::::::l,,::tt:till;i:::l"l:h:i'el.)::;d;::elf':ii:i.r.ic;,,et.,tajelllc'tliie'e:r(t'lit:ttl.,:(‘;'',‘t.'4:l'l,:::i{:',,,,,;(l•:l,tl4;:iiltei
tru;:;:tdi'cleitce)•;ll,,"!etbai [I
t';'l.",:e".
le,dcstb,s,..; .aws maturely weig-lted; a oil it 004 gives..alt;6).eull
Il
Ni:ii
::::,'11,11) !)tt°) C.l ty' t lll'' 11(1:i•):.'ff,I:r°}-C:tittrl'si I:l.)iljleCitisa't):Aidtd 'cli-jr'rt,el:;2;').°l:fe-ctt:
this ft.tocianteatal law ,-Sire, after havil!.4 .
1 to the 3pir)ou:las:;iitlygnolfeit.'lt:e 'l'-'it(-1,1111,-11('tnitletit.0,1:1:1..):',::";141,![3re
.1;:eti'll-11,
and nourish ti•l; ulna.l' w": ''l i • . ,he C'
the subject so fruitful lirr'itii'..sT.tl:Cull.3lellei'lliit.t..ll)iciae's:o;udiles%st"ili'll`;
you; glorious dvuasty
nague, jiiiv .0, e_ ,11, ..111,t, 113,1 le
18 1 • ,
. [fleiv. follow be signatures.]

i

. .
. • . ~,:.,
JUPITER AND VE.NI-1.7°
go:fithieessseottt:flomg,eraannddltbinetain:tvriesi.:,.)it‘ehea""',aid ti:.;
-------:
. ' the sll
a roil, .
tlirle.leibilillieeoicigit,:tijcilltelioliell'itiiii:iiiiieie.Alsl eofafotll!'ioeuNl;; S.
,tI:—.JY :11":
ti P:br'
r: ;bar:: btrialj;
Pliny to 'approach Venus from the 14as` • of Iter'
end of the month gets within 10 degrees •,,,icti'it
and by the middle of Attivust i 5 in l'uli t ill
with this beauty of the. skies; Vcrots i-,;', r, litcl(
time an horned 'crescent' in grcao.lll° , 'tit a11%16.s
three hours behind the tilt.• They now c,:l or s''
.together towards the sun . for 3 ')(;1'11'011.ttti.
weeks, Jupiter fir'st taking the it'''''' ',,i.ttl'le el,
waiting for 1,15 et:a:pat:ion tibout ihe l''..:litc:1(::,
,
October they. are again in eoi)jalict :oil 11, c:110',
• Other
ill stars. Venus eniergesirom the:so);:;(ieg :5
celerity, followed h ,
..1 • .. she j 5 'l, WO '1,,,
) Jupiter , : he,' ii,
heat, of him the beg-liming ('f 3.Novc°;.--.Jrcr- tol'i,
tc(l)l:el.?ne.illuit;t:tlait'oe)g''gi:icsinti);lP. tbill;c(.:si e;g1::e.1 SI 111
letrerili.' iPtil::ii.l;:tl4.:'l'i.ll:::ri'l:l' e:;
gromid ant} the glint. foot
, by 5 seep " ~,
21:11:1:1:1)Nca, ti.siybe
;pn:saui..raie(tite.e6i4fiTeiti::l
giti.(y)a,ls,ttazit.:%l• ic(iiiet g;r311.1:_))e..:cii.,407:,
bi "1,1,1:1-:agir:1):::;:pc'1,,II:IL:::
,i''')..e th'-' - ve'nt's end ; 46 de!.,,•• aril •--15 l''''
-----i....-......_—:-;----:----.-- eA sfi - '
ye, 1 this s ..00
Riwi'::s;:iiil:r.t:filit'''gig'.l4lll(ytincit'3sisY:sentttfillie'e..sl):\Y"Ers'its:riteill:;:ll''Gintal:te:lollAtv%Ge,ll-11::)1:11c'oit',:1
.(e,sii,::::Dg,iisietat‘tb:lo::lilers,',llN:gl•
ceirap::),t:l..aslii.ii:ii(lcne;gliellnEn:siti.l:iliest:,;(ol,llltilltioill.i,.
iN.ii:JOltt}%.ett,.,i.cart3tcri:::::elifitltec.Tl,2l::::,(::ii,•:li(ti:::;tel(biti:lll,,.:l.l),:lit:•;',
, 1(.111;:eanni '.1)v(I)ite.,;::1 here ale two poo4srthe,:•;l;l"e Vt.t.‘
body o t a boy annul 14 a illi n;ctai(rlst) loti'l)lL'e::l".4,ll'st ‘`l:l,}4'(!
instantly‘ plunged into .the other 1“?`
)I,d circ'l,l,F
ntoki.gl9t qui a ‘i,otnall's cap : this
the ooti 'lll''
stance created noire alarm, and to. ~,e,,iceicii
dragged, when. die hotly of a "•°ll,s 7t11112 it:i.
dtesss..(l was broutt ht -on ; btith )(
'l•9.ter ; tl
to have been fur son.(. dine in Ole s",,licil• ii'.
were carried to the Bone-hoose:to be ° it 00 t co
On /Ve-dr'es lav a Coroncr'ss -ingilOt Sr ~1 0:,
li()(111,S°f EDwA it D W..-rias., at the I(Ytb II ''l..
V.,cl• • Ir'''
'''.'c't=l'e'll"lnt, belOrt.; G.. IIoDC-;-;°' heel) °I ,„,.:
peated-- that th'e dec,,aied had loog -col art`:,,,/,,
sin•vice of Lady How e and w;ts in ge° 4„. a,1"!,1-
~ t oto., -, It
dance upon her .1);“1-vsliin, and tit'''. f be ~,.
, ,sei , 1 Alt
hours previOtisly to- destroying•tiil.l%s root
00.
ig)(.::::lecung,a)t.g. ell,cl ili,aotiticsen.:!,o:4l:l),vi,sictlei:ic,.l:iic:jl::p•
ciiiirec;i;;,
suddenly missed, anitjearcii_f9l. "t' 1 --II ace
-11.
- „I 0» y ~,,.,. ();
be vain, and -tit last he WaS. fort''': 1 tootl'''t't';ilk.
dent-olt—a t»an tight was engg.ll i.i,•.,,iii,t tlie the
Leldy Elo'wt.',''s gr;mrids ;having ran '-.l:'-7,05e1l °,11,,,eit
of the decettsed, he havi , low' iii' bau -
N., r, , , lie .00.:„
I:ough of a .tree. For some. time pas,
.1 e evo .....
I,ti t ' ..,, 0-:' -
in a very !lily state Of mind; all'•
.),,i t.i.e,i fx-,
preceding he was
.obset•ved to tan. 'Verdict,
tared manner to a fellow servant' clior
nary: '
occur' ° ,JO ".
A most afilie,ting- catastrophe occtior ;lonic fiiitC4
(lay se'imilit. - :Is ,:Alr. PARIc-I''' ~,idog thoti4
,n,.... Dudley, was in tlic act o.f bt'e of 5.11° son,
of a fowling'-piece for the Par!
.:ses; his. •11;e.,
some crows" off a rick on the Pre."'"'st„0(1•0('•016'
aged about 15, very incautionsl?7, eo.tchiogis it,.
mouth of the piece, when a 51),31,,,4f, cne,° ita(ll
caused his immediate
lowriiliitei.anig. „till: iti‘,,,Ttt (0)fle, and Jodgcl ''''' •oat°''o'
l'oner's iiiTiest was taken, and aftelt
of.,4cclt. .
' ai
tioti of the circumstance, a VelediC ' I ;rO.
Lane,s" ( e
Decti li was returned. 1 „ ii,(:_,;
• A few days ago, at.iiip 1-1.1,1'1,1(;;,,ip5,1ve",,, fitt*,
!mine bay-makers %vere a4.ll"s'il using the fielt!,l:::,/, .A 4
their labour, in the gamOols P" li,t,ti t0.7.0,01/'[,
youn‘.,,- wontan imprudently at" ' field, h
!,pee',
the
(i:ittitit tit...... 0 rot 11,111,aitleiloot),(iii:11,y,c,;iteis;tatii,„
s',ll all stone wall at the. end Of the .h.she
~t* Whit' • bcr , e
of. a fork, between the ttillr's - 1 i.iring, .0:9)'
one
.61 her hands,* trittl, ntabiog; '. tbe taol;so`, sV
, flipped, when, wail to rela,te'„,,,. of dectii ci''
trated her heart, and in tile 4,.()).1-1.609 I
plucl;ed them out', exclaiming, "
pired immediately,

71 i)is
sa
tt
i.
i.
ik,11:::
11:,:::r:.:) : :.
.I:. '7:l.
................................ ' 1;4
..6.41:" It: ---11:: 6'
. ~.,5i..,•, roce• 0.
101. ,• • . • •
...._s 0,I• "
,
•
;:tml------L-- ----..---
Niiii
---
fAltitik;/). Coa, - 530,-
of I.o°'-' '1 tlig
On l'' ,
,v1r.,..1:.., P.ebert. hi.; he; -E5,„,41.11,0 A' °.
r.h.0.... 6,,,
i_N).l.;oo,,,c.ienit.:....t.:l,_lei,_,.i.i::l:t:‘,li.ti,:ritil.tllse.,:apte.:,:ri:lllsiactlii:;t:b: :r,1.,1,,,,tpti,,,,,,,,:,,,,f- ,511;
III; fAi . ' ins
. at.
. ''
4.'
- CtiE"""'
~ t. 0.. artlmiiiz,.., to 'Miss l..larlutt , . .---------
street, BmitortiL•finai c.: ----
........................./
__—,..-;-...------------
1)1). ~ ~ et,
. . s,rc' , t
'. I
(.1 ti,
ni
:I' i :t) .11
L:,
i,1,1
it,
i). r ;
,Gi
it
t. tls
te : ' !
atnit ' SC:: i
..f le , r:
li tIl et
O.CI ::'''
ibf t': ri : 't..: ::: ::Dort::
,q e::::::::: )1);;::::.
atZe'trf Ed Ward Coiroa: Esq. 4"m,"; )'f bid, -.'i'lit, poil::t,
to gm House of Cotionorii; the du tic' .:f,ction to of 111';011
i ultill,t with 110110L11'..i(i Itirtiielf told s°".ct, ‘‘,.!,l(';`; sod s'' •
I •''Sl. 1% e,. lt Fie 1' • • - AlllOl, .13" ~!,b3t,
I(t.v . '" ' ' " i)-"' • .4. rile ''.
• ..i o.loci Grahame, tuttbur rut '"'"
~...... „,,,.....-•---- ...'. ,I; 1.•,114t'1,' •
lotildioeq; and mil)lcslied nv \Cr: -: -,(i ; s.vilet.7c. Wl'll.°l
.--- l'Ailt• .4 '°) .01 '
I.()NDON :. Prit;ttai bv -11, ('-‘l'‘. :;(31,101- ' ,1,1%.""..,:ik •
'at tilt' :.;,s-OFt'ict•, No. I'l'2, '4l.' tr,.c. Loot
A; di t /
melt 01 Jeri, lAttt: OWSI- . '