The Sun.
London, England, 1847-04-26 00:00:00

music ever composed. The manner in which the gradations
6t. En. Cam. from loud to soft and the converse, were Accorn-

~ :: ti

x~ ~ i

•• •
e'o in Vtt ,iu.,l:iratiOh. 'ln- bub ,
toles was one likely to advance the reputation of the Sacred
Harmonic Society, which has not been always the case of
late. The principal vocalists were Misses Birch, Dolby,
Kirkham, and Duval, Messrs. Lockey,.Phillips, Noveilo, Peck,
and Stnythson. As in the presence of Majesty rncores are
not the etiquette, there were not many; but on three occa-
sions the performance was so excellent, and the music so ab-
sorbing, that the audience forgot their etiquette in
their enthusiasm, and loudly called for the repel i-
tion of the pieces. These were the chorus "Baal, we.
cry to . thee ;" the trio of angels, " Lift thine eyes to
the mountains," sung by Misses Kirkham, Dolby, and
Duval ; and the beautiful air, " 0 rest in the Lord," sung by
Miss Dolby. Mi's Birch gave the air, " Hear ye, Israel,"
very finely ; and Mr. Lockey's style was chaste and pure in
"Then shall the righteous." Mr. Phillips's first sung was
spoiled by the indecision of the orchestra ; but in his second,
" It is enough," he made amends by his pathos and expres-
sion. The violoncello points in the song were beautifully
played.
At the end of the performance her Majesty ancr.Prince
Albert, rising to depart, were loudly and repeatedly cheered ;
and, subsequently, a tremendous cheer was given for Dr.
Mendelssohn, whose great work had just been performed.
The nuisance of persons rising to leave before the oratorio is
concluded, and the.eby seriously annoying those who are
anxious to hear the whole, was obviated last on Friday by keep-
ing the doors closed until the royal party had taken their de-
parture. Thus the masterpiece of Mendelssohn was listened
to, undisturbed, till the very last note was played. The third
performance will take place next Wednesday.

LITERATURE.
THE 1V ESTMINSTER AND FOREIGN
QUARTERLY REVIEW. Nos. XCII. and

LXXVI.I.
In a cursory criticism upon Sir Bulwer Lytton's
" Word to the Public," the Westminster pronounces
many opinions which we cannot characterise as other-
wise than untenable arid fallacious. Crime it acknow-
._.

ledges to be the legitimate theme of tragic composition,
whether that composition be either dramatic or narra-
tive: and yet it cavils at the employment of crime as a
means of inculcating morality either by the novel-writer
or the dramatist! It illustrates this position by enveigh-
ing against the custom of " copying the dark back-
ground of Rembrandt's portraits." What we should
like to know are the masterpieces of ancient and modern
dramatists, and of ancient and modern novelists (for we
look upon Tacitus and Herodotus as among the antique
romance writers—the predecessors of the feuilleloniste.s
Dumas and Sue), what we ask are the masterpieces of
these dramatists and novelists ancient and modern but
dark backgrounds such as may be compared to the
Blooms of Rembrandt? If we look to the giant
tragedies of 2Eschylus and Sophocles,we shall find there
parricedes, and adulterers, and murderers, and inces
tuous monsters, the habitual dramatis persona? ; we shall
find there rapine and midnight deeds of bloodshed and
violation. In more recent works of what must be-
termed classic excellence, we see the regicide in Mac-
beth, the adulterous assassin in Banda, the cruelties of
untilial friends in Lear, the infamy of bawds and liber-
tines in Measure for Measure, the sins that man has no
words to express, and that would have shamed the habi-
tants of Gomorrah in the Cenci. From first to last, from
t he tales related by the romancing historians of Greece and
Rome, in relation to the concubines of Alexander and
Darius. to those recounted in the torturing suspence of
Caleb Williams," and thsediabolical anguish of " Frank-
enstein," the arch-actors are criminals, the arch-act is
crime—the hue of the compositions is darker than the
darkest background of Rembrandt. And yet a prurient
morality—a morality bred in mawkishness and effemi
nacy would depreciate these majestic originals, because
in holding up crime and criminals to abhorrence—be-
cause in delineating the woes and tribulations conse-
quent upon sin—because pourtraying the deformities of
iniquity and the agonies of remorse, they are suffused
with colours of an appy opriate darkness—they should be
expunged or repudiated! Nay, the Westminster goes so
far as to say " how much would have been softened by
Shakspere, even in the best of his tragedies, had they
been addressed to an educated audience of the nine-
teenth century!" We can only ejacualte with Dominic
Samp-on, " Pro-digious!—Pro-digiousl—Pro-ligious!"
Of a verity this is, indeed, the self-sufficiency of the
nineteenth century ! How much would Shakspere have
softened, say you? flad he softened one sentiment,
abated one iota of passion, refrained from the utterance
of one syllable, rejected the portraiture of one character
—be that character Percales or Pompey Bum—it were
in truth an ineffable bleesing that he lived in the barba
rous days of Elizabeth, instead of the enlightened times of
Victotia. We like not this are gance of generations. But
the Westminsterean appreciate" Dombey and Son" to the
uttermost, if it fails in admiration of " Lucretia." The
Reviewer arrives at the same conclusion which we have
repeatedly expressed during the last tiara e or four
months, that " if we may judge of the work as a whole,
from the early numbers, Dombey and Son' is the best
of the productions of Dickens." In testimony of the
felicitous expression of sentiment by which this inimi-
table genius is characterised, the writer transcribes the
entire scence of the death of Little Paul Dombey. Cu •
_ _

we question whether it might not have been advisable to
have transcribed more largely from the producti..ns of
living svrit than ~•
ranged upon the books',Ql.es.L tbe:e hater poe i,t;
authors there is assuredly no dearth. Watts,
the Brown7ngs, husband and wife, Thinysor,, Mother-
well, and Ebenezer Elliot. It is ungratAous, however, to
make even these exceptions to the delightful volume
presented to the public by Mr. Meade'', affording us, as
it does, such a delectab'e banquet of daintic.s. As ari -
past of literary sweetmeats and poetical confections, the
book is both palateable and nutritious.

riously enough, however, he objects to the two last pas,
sages in that memorable chapter; in which two passages,
to our thinking, are contained the very quintessence of
its pathos. A dissertation upon metaphysicians follows
this introductory article, with especial reference to the
works et Hobbes, Locke, Law, Tucker, Butler, Hartley,
Paley, Priestley, Bentham, Mill, Hutcheson, Adam
-:rnith, Reid, Beattie, Ferguson, Stewart, Brown, Leib-
nitz, Wolf, Kant, Fichte, Schelling, and Jacobi. Many
acute and sensible remarks are uttered in the paper.
After a sort of preliminary lamentation upon the mourn-
ful multiplicity of guide-book, the Westminster rambles
pleasantly through " North Wales and the Lakes." Al-
luding to the poets generally u.,,,•ciu d with the latter
regions of Cumberland, the Reviewer makes the following
truthful observations:—

bound to offer them facilities,-Much teg-ot luncheon, the first
day they went ashore. True, they had plenty of gold ; but
to the nitives it wal anathema—taboo---:1n 1 (I, for several hours

i~.n~is;..rir~

. . „
the smell of sulphur hardly yet shaken out of their canonical,:
—what islander would venture to jeopardise his soul, and
call down a blight upon his bread-fruit, by holding any in-
tercourse with them? That morning the priests actually
picknicked in a grove of cocoa-nut trees; but, before night,
Christian hospitality—in exchange for a commercial equi-
valent of hard dollars—WAS given them in an adjoining
housr.
" Wanting in civility, as the conduct of the English mi:4-
sionaries may be thought, iu withholding a decent reception
to these persons, the latter were certainly to blame in
needlessly placing themselves in so unpleasant a predicament.
Under far better auspices, they might have settled upon some
one of the thousand unconverted isles of the Pacific, rather
than have forced themselves thus upon a people already pro-
fessedly Christians."
Ali h0u,411 this sequel to the "Adventures in the Mar-
quesas" is comparatively defficient in romance and inci-
dent, it is agreablv penned, and evidently written with
the utmost truthfulness. Altogether it is a great im-
provement upon the recent contributions to the " Home
and Colonial Library," and sustains, if it does not en-
hance, the literary reputation of Herman Melville.

MURRAY'S HOME AN I) COLONIAL L I-
BRA h. Y. Nos. XLIIL and X.LIV. ()MOO Parts
I. and 11, By Herman Melville.
So much were we charmed by the previous work of
this admirable American author, that we fear the liveli-
ness of our expectations of the present chapters has mi-
litated considerably against the impression which might
otherwise have been conveyed to our minds by " Otnoo ;
or, Adventures in the South Seas." " Typee" certainly
took us by surprise ; it was a brilliant and fascinating
book from a previously unknown hand. It came upon
us with the freshness of a treasure discovered when nue
was least expected. It has rendered the name of the
American sailor—" a sailor before the mast," be it ob •
served—Herman Melville, henceforth and for ever plea-
sant to . our ears—a name associated with recollec-
tions such as the genius of Defoe and the enter-
prise of Anson could have evoked. But " Omoo," like
many another sequel that could be mentioned, is nothing
in comparison with " Typee." " Typee" is as pure gold
to the lacquer of " Omoo." Yet " Omoo" is lively,
sparkling, hurnourous, conversational, diversified with
little episodes of ocean life and vivid descriptions of
southern scenery. As an example of the latter charac-
teristic, we tender the following pen-and-ink delineation
of the aspect of Otaheite :
" Otaheite is by far the most famous island in the South
Seas; indeed, a variety of causes has made it almost classic.
Its natural features alone distinguish it from the surrounding.
groups. Two round and lofty promontories, whose moun-
tains rise nine thousand feet above the level of the ocean, are
connected by a low, narrow isthmus; the whole being some
one hundred miles in circuit.. From the great central peaks
of the larger peninsula—Orohena, Aural, and Pirohitee—the
land radiates on all sides to the sea in sloping green ridges.
Between these are broad and shadowy valleys—in aspect,
each a Tempe—watered with fine streams, and thickly
wooded. Unlike many of the other islands, there extends
nearly all round Otaheite a belt of low, alluvial soil. teem-
ing with the richest vegetation. Here, chiefly, the natives
dwell.
" Seen from the sea, the prospect is magnificent. It is one
mass of shaded tints of green, from beach to mountain top ;
endlessly diversified with valleys, ridges, glens, aad cascades.
Over the ridges, here and there, the loftier peaks fling their
shadows, and far down the valleys. At the head of these,
the water-falls flash out into the sunlight as if pouring
through vertical bowers of verdure. Such enchantment, too,
breathes over the whole, that it seems a fairy world, all fresh
and blooming from the hand of the Creator.
" Upon a near approach, the picture loses not its attrac-
tion. is no exaggeration to say, that to a European of
,••
any sensibility, who for the first time wanders back into these
valleys—away from the haunts of the natives—the ineffable
repose and beauty of the landscape is such, that every object
strikes him like something seen in a dream ; and for a time
he almost refuses to believe that scenes like these-should have
a commonplace existence. No wonder that the French be-
stowed upon the island the appellation of the New Cytherea.
' Often,' says De Bourgainville, thought I was walking
in the Garden of Eden.'
" Nor, when first discovered, did the inhabitants of this
ch inning country at all diminish the wonder and admiration
of the voyager. Their physical beauty and amiable disposi-
tions harmonized completely with the softness of their clime.
In truth, every thing about them was calculated to awaken
the liveliest interest. Glance at their civil and religious in-
stitutions. To their king, divine rites were paid; while, for
poetry, their mythology rivalled that of ancient Greece.
" Of Otaheite, earlier and more full accounts were given,
than of any other island in Polynesia ; and this is the reason
why it still retains so strong a hold on the sympathies of all
readers of South Sea voyages. The j 'urinals of its first visi-
tors, containing, as they did, such romantic descriptions of a
country and people nefore unheard of, produced a marked
sensation throughout Europe ; and when the first Otaheitans
were carried thither, Omai in London, and Aotooroo in Paris,
were carressed by nohles, scholars, and ladies."
From the peculiar interest which has been latterly ex-
cited in regard to this magnificent island, it may be
pleasant to many ot our readers to peruse the account
given by an eye-witness, of the French interference in
that quarter. MT. Melville speaks out plainly, but, to
oar thinking, very much to the purpose. Trio circum-
stances, here alluded to, have twee so egregiously garbled
by different narrators, that we encroach to no incon-
siderable extent upon the narrative of our American
voyager :
" It seems, that for some time back the French had been
making repeated ineffectual at, empts to plant a Roman Ca-
tholic mission here. But, invariably treated with contumely,
they sometimes met with open violence; and, in every case,
those directly concerned in the enterprise were ultimately
forced to depart. In one instance, two priests, Laval and
Caset, after enduring a series of persecutions, were set upon
by the natives, maltreated, and finally carried aboard a small
trading schooner, which eventually put them ashore at Wal,
lis Island—a-savage place—some two thousand miles to the
westward.
"Now, that the resident English missionaries authorised
the banishment of these priests, is a fact undenied by them-
selvcs. I was also repeatedly informed, that by their inflam-
matory harangues they instigated the riots which preceded
the sailing of the schooner. At all events, it is certain that
their unbounded influence with the natives would easily have
enabled them to prevent everything that took place on this
occasion, had they felt so inclined.
" Melancholy as such an example of intolerance on the part
of Protestant missionaries must appear, it is not the only one,
and by no means the most flagrant, which might be pre-
sented. But I forbear to mention any others; since they
have beerl more than hinted at by recent voyagers, and their
repetition here would, perhaps, be attended with no good
effect. Besides, the conduct of the Sandwich Island mis-
sionaries, in particular, has latterly much amended in this
respect.
" The treatment of the two priests formed the principal
Thouarsfagntirboahe
sleortoaewocti
nutdeerneet;ar
resident
nnatap(dnrevedadai
instance,entetot
nhfiddhel
eednant
finding
ai.dhletsny weahugodsanapapitl
against
insulted,yhpal
na
aresuspended
vgepfis
satisfaction; justifiable
and one)
whichup o n
subsequently w h i c h
led
to his seizure of the island. In addition to other things, he
n
deertaasi
ngagt
ahtdwuneeoatdedfhnrt
erteMbari
typpeffiyever roc,: eovfphenei
eeenchdrttoGthiureo,dt
happened
efanernmpteathmpt
certain
pnesreiceetnr,
premises
Government.
ognssfthuFvoll ,er.
nibeve
ehntet
Aoahcri
Victor,
a low? knavish adventurer from Marseilles, the Otaheitians
pronounced it forfeit.
"For these, and similar alleged outrages, a large pecuniary
restitution was demanded (10,000 dolls.), which there being
no exchequer to supply, the island was forthwith seized,
under cover of a mock treaty, dictated to the chiefs on the
gun-deck of Du.Petit Thouar's frigate. Butnot withstanding
this formality, there now seems little doubt that the downfall
of the poinarees was decided upon at the Tuilleries.
" After establishing the Protectorate, so called, the rear-
admiral sailed; leaving M-. Bruat, governor, assisted by
Reine and Carpegne, civilians, named Members of
the Council- of Government, and Merenhont, the cordial,
now Commissioner Royal. No soldiers, however, were
landed until several months afterwards. As men,
Reine and Carpegne ware not disliked by the
natives; but Brunt and Merenhout they bitterly detested.
In several interviews with the poor Queen, the unfeeling
governor sought to terrify her into compliance with his
demands; clapping his hand upon his sword, shaking his fist
in her face, and swearing violently. Oh, King of a great
nation,' said Pomare, in her letter to Louis Philippe,
fetch away this man ; I and my people cannot endure his
evil doings. He is a shameleis man '
" Although the excitement among the natives did not
wholly subside upon the rear-admiral's departure, no overt
act of violence immediately followed. The Queen had fled to
Imeeo ; and the dissensions among the chiefs, together with
the ill-advised conduct of the missionaries, prevented a union
upon some common plan of resistance, lint the great body
of the people, as well as their Queen, confidently relied upon
the speedy interposition of England--a nation bound to them
by many ties, and whish, more than once, had solemnly
guaranteed their independence.
"As for the missionaries, they openly defied the French
governor, childi-hly predicting fleets and armies from Britain.
But what is the welfare of a spot like Otaheite, to the mighty
interests of France and England? There was a remonstrence
on one side, and a rept% on the other ; and there the matter
rested. For' once in their brawling lives; St. George and St.
Denis were hand and glove; and they were not going to-
cross sabres about Otaheite.
y
comparative
Irs iartasii:tnsnal
sometimes
emi
vmnoty:
denotests Such
h tuponlhaawt tsah
sne
y tei island,farheyanigisaeodh wa
de
taken
a administered
ld
placesee ,
nt h
thetehr ee
ever;e
eet
atenhsgehueiial irt,yt the missionaries:enr3a7wi
everywhere
iaboutinveighing
e prevailed.
n g unmolested,againstNev r t andhtiNeverthe-
less,
e
French (no favourites, by-the-by, throughout
t
Polynesia), and
a
bitterly regretting that the Queen had not, the outset,
made a stand. • •
In the house of the chief Adea, frequent discussions took
place, concerning the ability of the island to cope with the
French : the number of fighting men and muskets amonq the
natives were talked of, as well as the propriety of fortifying
several heights overlooking Papeetee. Imputing these
symptoms to the mere resentment of a recent outrage, and
not to any determined spirit of resistance, I little anticipated
the gallant, though useless warfare, so soon to follow my de-
parture.
"At a period subsequent to my first visit, the island, which
before was divided into nineteen districts, with a native chief
over each, in capacity of governor and judge, was, by Bruat,
divided into four. Over these he set as many recreant chiefs,
Kitoti, Tati, Utamai, and Paraita ; to whom he paid 1,000
&Al& each, to secure their assistance in carrying out his evil
designs.
"The first blood shed, in any regular conflict, was at
Mahanar, upon the peninsula of Taraiboo. The fight
originated in the seizure of a number of women from the
shore, by men belonging to one of the French vessels of war.
In this affair, the islanders fought desperately, killing about
fifty of the enemy, and losing ninety of their own number.
The French sailors and marines, who, at the time, were
reported to•be infuriated with liquor, gave no quarter; and
the survivors only saved themselves by fleeing to the moun-
tains. Subsequently, the battles of Hararparpi and Fararar
were fought, in which the invaders met with indifferent
success. •
" Shortly after the engagement at Hararparl i, three
Frenchmen were waylaid in a pass of the valleys, and mur-
dered by the incenses natives. One was Lefevre, a notorious
scoundrel, and a spy, whom Bruat had scot to conduct a
certain Major Fergus (said to he a Pole) to the hiding-place
of four chiefs, whom t he governor wished to seize and execute.
This circumstance violently inflamed the hostility of both
parties.
"About this time, Kitoti, a depraved chief, and the pliant
tool of Bruat, was induced by him to give a great feast in
the Vale of Farce, to which all his countrymen were invited.
The governor's object was to gain over all he could to his
interests; he supplied an abundance of wine and brandy,
and a scene of bestial intoxication was the natural conse-
quence. Before it came to this, however, several speeches
were made by the i,landers. One of these, delivered by an
aged warrior, who had formerly been at the head of the
celebrated Aeorai Society, was characteristic. This is a very
good feast,' said the reeling old man, and the wine is also
very good; but
you evil-minded Wee-Wees (French) and
you false-hearted men of Otaheite, are all very bad.'
" By the latest accounts, most of the islanders still refuse
"to suhtnit to the French ; and what tarn events may here-
after take it is hard to predict. At any rate, these disorders
must aceel.rate the final extinction of their race.
"Along with the few officers left by Du Petit Thouars, were
several Fr eh pr iests, for whose unobstructed exertions in
the dissemination of their faith, the strongest guarantees
were provided by an article ot the treaty. But no one was

We firmly believe that no set of men were ever .‘ written
up" like the late poets. A very popular magazine—Black-
wood's—for a series of years, seemed to devote all its ener-
gies to this cause; its politics, decided as they were in sup
porting that faction whose every tenet has proved an error,
were held comparatively in abeyance before the engrossing
object of laker-laudation; in those, the palmy days of Black-
wood—the days of the Noctes Ambrosiance "—every one
read, and every writer imitated and echoed, the Black-
woodian dicta, on matters of taste, so that laker-lnudation
became a fashion. Wilson, himself a laker, and one of the
great prose-poets of the age, set the example, which crowds
were too glad to follow ; so that, prolific were the pens of the
lakers, especially poor Southey's, their laudatory were fifty-
fold more voluminous; and, if praise will ensure fame,
Southey may smile serene from the throne of state in the
temple of that goddess, surrounded by Wordsworth, Wilson,
and Coleridge, while Miltons, Shakperes, Byrons, and Cow•
pets are lingering about the portals, or losing their way in
some over-crowded corridor. But after all that has been or
shall be hereafter written in their praise or dispraise, there
is a test from which none can escape, and that is, fitness for
quotation. "As saith the poet," or words to that effect,,are
perpetually recurring; and this, " saith the poet " is accom-
panied by a clear description from Cowper, a burning line
from Byron, a majestic thought from Milton, a nervous
couplet from Pope, a sweet allegory from Spenser, or a soul-
. searchit g thought from Shakspere ; it does not mean a
passage from Wilson or from Southey.
We never can comprehend how any true lover of poetry
can utter the name of William Cowper in the same
breath with the names of Milton, Shakspere, and Byron
—the lilliputian with the Titans—the homely with the
sublime. For we more than susp ct Byron to have been
correct in saying that Cowper never wrote two lines f
poetry in his life—alway s saving and excepting his cx
quisite verses on his mother's portrait. The next con•
tribution is an elaborate inquiry into the authorship of
the Two Noble Kinsmen "—an inquiry as to how
much of that beautiful drama was Sbakspere's, or how
much Fletcher's, or whether Shak-pere in fact had (to
ti,e a vulgar phrase) any finger in the pie. We have
always considered this question as tolerably well settled
by that significant sentence of Augustus William
Sch'egel (see his " Lectures on Dramatic Literature,"
lee. xiii.)—" Amidst so many grounds for doubting, if I
might be allowed to hazard ay opinion, 1 should say.
that I chink I can perceive the mind of Shakspere a
certain ideal purity, which distinguishes this piece
above all the other pieces of Fletcher." Coupling this
peculiarity with a variety of collateral circumstances,
the great German critic declares that he sees no reason
for calling this copartnership in the production of the
" Two Noble Kinsmen "in question. About the " Sires
of Public Monuments " the review has a few pet va-
garies of its own. There has latterly been so much
parade about the erection of the colossal statue of " the
Duke," and there are so many of effigies of the same
personage erected in the most incongruous and
preposterous localities, that his admirers really seem to
dead the realisation (in his regard) of the old adage,
" Out of sight out of mind." Shakspere has no na-
tional statue—but he wants none; Byron has not even
a bust in Westminster Abbey— but he wants none. They
may be so far "out of site," but happily they can never
be "out of mind." An essay on " Population," a summary
of the "Report on Lighthouses," and a very dangerous
and almost blasphemous review of the theological writ-
ings of "Straus and Parker," conclude the Westminster.
In the department of the Foreign Quarterly we must ob-
serve that there is a comprehensive survey of foreign
literature during the last three months. The reviewers
congratulate the public of France on the evident decline
in the "quotidian fever of the Roman feuilleton." A
swarm of minor and miscellaneous criticisms are ap-
pended.

SELECTIONS IN PROSE AND POETRY.
Edited by John Bleaden.
Those who have ever, like ourselves, delighted in the
exquisite fragments from popular literature collected
by Mr. M'Diarmid, will welcome every successive pro-.
duetion of a similar character. The volume just pub-
lished by Mr. Bleaden is precisely of the description
which rendered the work of his predecessor so agreeable
—though we conceive the former might more correctly
have entitled his book" Selections in Poetry and Prose,"
seeing that the metrical quotations immeasurably exceed
the prose both in number and excellence. The editor
disclaims in his introductory preface any intention to
render the volume merely a vehicle for his own com-
positions ; yet those compositions are numerous, and
occasionally meritorious. Sometimes we observe that
the pieces are unaccompanied, by the names of the
authors, possibly from a forgetfulness as to their pater-
nity : for example, at. page 50, there is a charming. little
:.ketch called " The Bride's-maid," which Mr. Bleaden
might as well have subscribed with the initials if not with
the full: signature of Thomas Haines Bailey—the verses
having come from the pen of that clever lyrist. Inst. ad,
again, of giving stanzas so hackneyed as the famous
" Burial of Sir John Moore," by. Woolfe, or Shakspere's
apostrophe to " Mercy," or Moore's " She is tar from
the land,"..or Scott's " Lines on a Tear," or We.,
Hetna-s's " Voice ,of. Spring"—gems that are, already:
enshrined in the memory of almost everybody, and thta,:
consequently are superfluously repeated—We think, it
would:have been preferable and judicious to have intro-
duced others less familiar to the generality; taken for
xample from partially.furgotten poets, such as Qowley,
or Qhristopher Marlow, or George Herbert. Indeed,

- -
KNIGHT'S MON THLY VOLUME. Nos. IX. ard
X. The Philosophy of Health, Vol. 11. First and
Second Half. By Southwood Smith, M.D.
For the continuation of this masterly treatise upon the
physiological wonders of man, and for its publication in
so cheap and popular a form, we are indebted to the
originator of this admirable serial. The wood-engrav-
ings are sufficiently clear to illustrate the written descrip-
tions, and sufficiently neat not to mar the appearance of
the letterpress.

DUTCH MAIL.
THE HAGUE, APRIL 22.—The Avond Post of Utrecht
announces that the King, on the proposal of his Ex•ml-
lency the Minister of the Interior, and with the advice
of the Counsellors of State, has decided that the budget
of the municipal revenues and expenditure, after hav-
ing been fixed by the Provincial Estates, shall be hence-
forth declared public, and deposited for a certain time in
the office of the Secretary of the Town Hall of every
commune, for the inspection of the public. Every
municipality may give the greatest publicity to the bud-
get of its revenue and expenditure, either through the
journals or any other manner that it shall think proper.
APRIL 24.—We have received to-day the Universal
Russian Gazette of the 20th of this month.
It brings us the account of the debate of
the Diet, on the draught of the address, but it
does not yet contain the conclusion of the sitting of
the 16th, when the vote upon the address took place.
The first debates in the Diet were of great importance,
both from the declaration of the Minister, M. Bodel-
schwingh, who defended the letters patent of the 3d Feb.,
and by the language of the Members of the Opposition.
We see, from the Cologne Gazette, that it was expected
at Berlin that the address, would be voted by a great
majority. The same journal affirms that M. Bodelsch-
wingh will shortly be appointed Chancellor of the king-
dom. This dignity has not been conferred on any Prus-
sian Minister since the death of M. Von Hadenburg.
AMSTERDAM, APRIL 24.—The reports respecting a
visit from the Emperor of Russia to Stuttgard and
Paris are still in circulation, but are directly at variance
with each other, while private letters from Frankfort,
received at Paris, positively contradict the plan of this
journey. The German Gazette of Brussels, positively
affirms that the Russian Ambassador, at Berlin, has re-
c,ived notice that his Majesty would be at Wasan, on
the 22d of April, and set out on the 26th for Stuttgard.

Among the donations to the Drury-lane Theatrical
Fund, on Friday evening, was one of 50/. from the Duke of
Bedford, and one of 10/. 10s. from B. Bond Cabbell,
Esq., M.P.
AYLESBURY, APRIL 20.—Mr. Whitworth Russell,
the Inspector of Prisons, has lately been down to Aylesbury
tsr the purpose of ascertaining when the new gaol will be
r(Ady for the reception of prisoners, and he has certified that
everything is now completed, and the Court, at the last
quarter sessions, made an order that all the prisoners should
be removed from the old prison on the 3d of May. It is cal
culated that the expense of the new prison will amount to
50,000/. It is built after the manner of Pentonville, and will
hold 3prisoners. Dr. Lie hai given notice of a motion for
the :()oMidsummer quarter sessions—'That a petition be pre-
sented to rarlian.ent to abolish the game-laws."
There is no truth in the statements that have
appeared of an intention to arrest the progress of any Rail.
way Bills before Parliament this session, on account of the
(we trust temporary) scarcity of money. The heaviest ex-
penses have been already incurred in many instances; and
should Parliament interfere at all with any general provi-
sion, it will be more likely to be one to enlarge the time and
increase the facilities for the construction of the railways in

pro Are-s.— Observer.
Some of the opponents of the. Maynooth Grant, it
is said, intend to put Mr. Spencer de horsey in nomina-
tion for Newport, Isle of Wight, at the next election.
There is every reason tp believe that his Royal
Highness Prince Albert will honour Oxford with his presence
at the meeting of the British Association, to be holden in that
University in June next.
CAITHNESS-SHIRE.--VERY ILL OFF!—The John
0' Groat Journal says, " While we now write, our county
has r.either sheriff, sheriff-substitute, procurator:fiscal, sheriff-
clerk-depute, nor superintendent of police. The town is in
an equally deplorable state. We are minus provost, senior
bailie, town- clerk, and town-officer ! All these officials are
off in a lump to the Justiciary Court at Inverness. Now is
the time for a row !
Mr. Greg, and a deputation, had an interview with Sir
George Grey, on Saturday. The Earl of Devon had
also an interview with the Right Hon. Baronet.
IMPORTATIONS OF POTATORS.—The vessel Moun-
taineer, arrived in the River from Hamburgh, has brought
the very large quantity of 180 tons weight of potatoes, the
production of the Hanseatic district named. The quantity
of potatoes brought by this ship far exceeds anything of the
kind which has before taken place from that port, and, there-
fore, the arrival assumes a considerable degree of interest
and importance. The vessel also brought from Hamburgh
40 head of horned cattle, 13 of which had, according to the
official report of the vessel's cargo, from some cause, been
thrown overboard during the voyage.
ROYAL FAVOUR, FOR Tllß FREE is re-
ported that her Majesty had recently subscribed 2001. in aid
of the Gaelic schools, under the superintendence of the Free
Church. This gift was presented through the Duchess of
Gordon, and was accompanied by an expression of favour
towards the church to which her Grace belongs. —Montrose
Review.

THE SPIRIT TRADE.—On Friday a deputation o
wholesale and retail spirit-dealers bad an interview with
the Chancellor of the Exchequer, for the purpose of pre-
senting a memorial, very numerously signed, praying for an
assimilation of the bonded system applicable to spirits dis
tilled in England, Scotland, and Ireland, to that of colonial
ant.foreign spirits. Mr. Ireland (Governor of the Incorpo-
rated Society of Licensed Victuallers), Mr. ICasley, a past
Governor,
and Messrs. Homer, Bingley, Gurney, and Ste
Yens, who attended, represented to the Chancellor of the
Exchequer, that concurrence with the prayer of the me_
inorialists would produce a competitive market for British '
spirits, a great desideratum both for the trade and the pub-
lic ; that British spirits, like foreign, would improve in
bond ; that the mono of of a few distillers, having a limited
class interested, would be destroyed, and prices be thereby
cheapened, to the benefit of the consumer and the advan-
tage of the revenue, and that there would also be produced a
greater uniformity of rates, by the natural inducement to
distil when corn and sugar were cheap, and.a consequent re-
duction of demand for those articles when scarce and dear.
'Without denying the`" preceding
deductions. Sir Chsrles
Wood at once admitted the zogencY of the last. and, after
asking several questions arising out of the subject, and
having received the information sought, assured the deputa-
tion that he would
take into his serious consideration their
request. It was also named to him,
that whilst the deputa-
tion felt highly gratified at finding that Mr. Moffatt had a
Bill before the House for the object they had in view, the
memo ial of the trade had been determined on without con-
ferring with that gentleman. •
We regret to learn that the health of the Earl of
Besborough, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, gives cau,e for
serious uneasiness to the family and numerous friends of that
most estimable nobleman, whose illness at the present
moment cannot be regarded as otherwise than a national
calamity.—Observer.
Doctor Geldart has resigned the Regius Professor-
ship of Civil Law in the University of Cambridge. Mr.
Maine, of : frinity Hall, Cambridge, will, be believe, be
appointed his successor.—Observer.
CURRENCY MOVEMENT IN SCOTLAND.—The Glas-
gow Herad received on Saturday, mentions that a great and
infinential meeting in favour of granting a temporary per-
.

mission to the various banks throughout the country io Con-
vert the specie at present held by them into Government or
other's,curities has been begun in that place. It is under-
stood that upwards of 2,000,0001. of gold are held by the
Scotch banks alone. which are wholly useless in Scotland, no
one ever wishing to see a sovereign in that country. In the
Edinburgh Stock Exchange a similar resolution has been
come to, and petitions have been prepared for presentation
to Parliament on the subject. It is added, that all Scotland
will be moving in this question in the course of a few days.
Blusn's BONDMAN.—On Friday, the purchase
money for this opera, for performance exclusively in the
Austrian dominions 4000 f., and 801. besides for the right for
the An der Wien Theatre in Vienna, was paid over to Mr.
Balfe, being the first instance on record of an English com-
poser having secured a musical copyright on the continent.
The house of Mechetti, in Vienna, is the possessor of the
opera, as well as of Balfe's Bohemian Girl.
HEN,VIO NANO.—The disposition of th;s person's
"This extraordinary cripple (says our informant) exhibits
the very rare combinations of.perfect symmetry, strength and
rgeimvea nn remains
has
na t o bbeautv, with a great amount of deformity. The head is
remarkably fine in form, and the expression intelligent and
benign ; the . chest, shoulders, and arms, form a perfect
model of strength and beauty; the arms are ex-
ceedingly muscular, and the hands very well and strongly
formed; when standing, the arms could reach the ground
easily, so as to be employed in progression or leaping • in
the place of legs there are two limbs, the left about
from the hip to the •
'eighteen inches point of the toes, the
right about twenty-four from the same points. The feet are
mode of
natural. The easiest explaining the nature of these
limbs is to say, that it seems as though the thigh bones
anti muscles had disappeared, and the knee joints been
raised up to the hips; the bone on the one side is
tolerably liko a leg-bone, on the other it is cons-
pressed into an immensely strong bone of triangular form,
' with the base upwards, and knit to the hip with very strong
furnished
ligaments ; these limbs are with the muscles which
should have belonged to the thigh, and those of the leg
are much increased in size; the muscles of the calf being
comparatively
small, on account probably of mode of walk-
ing, contributing to give the limb the look of a lion's fore-
arm. Nearly double power must have been obtained over
the feet by this arrangement; and this would account for
his extraordinary teats of leaping, such as following a horse
at full speed on the hands and feet, and suddenly Spring-
ing on its back like a monkey, or jumping ten
feet in the air; his mode of fighting too was
most original ; he used to spring in the air, and at the same
instant deal the most terrific blow upon his antagonist's
was a
held,- so that he . very formidable combatant. It is
said that in his palmy days, while driving his cab, a clumsy
carter drove against him, and as usual accused Hervio of
being in the fault, at which our hero sprung from his seat on
to the back of tile man, and gave him a most terrible thrash-
ing: his feats of strength in his monkey characters are well
khown. A very good cast of the entire figure has been made,
which will doubtless be shown to those who may be curious
in such matters. -,Literary Gazette. •

THE SUN, fIONDON, MONDAY MORNING, APRIL 26, 1847

BANK -RETURNS.- -

(Front the London Gazette.)
jp:ir,u:mt t,, the Acs seventh and eighth
_tap. of the Average Amount of Bank
Notes, 0/ the several Banks of Issue in England and
\Vales, in Circulation diming the Week ending Satur-
day, the 10th day of April, 1847: Average
PRIVATE BANKS. Amount.
Abingdon Back, Abingdon—Knapp and, Co..—
Andover Bank, Andover—Heath and Ca- 17,075
Ashford Bank, Ashford—Jemmitt and Pomfret 12.640
Aylsha:.n Bank, Avbham—R. and E. Copeman 5,659
Aylesbury Old Bank, kylesbury—Rickford
and Hunt
Baldock Bank and Baldock and Biggleswade
.ilaldock—Wells. Hogg, and Lindsell... 36,837
Barnitai.ie Bank, Barnstaple—Drake and Co. 15,506
Basingstoke and Odihan. Bank, Basingstoke—
Cole, Seymour, and Cu,
lledtoid Bank, Bedford—T. Barnard
13edford and Bedfordshire Bank, Bedford—
Trapp, Halfhead, and Co.
llewdley Bank, Bewdley—Nichols, Baker, and
Crane ... 15,e63
llicester and Oxfordshire Bank and Oxford
Bank, Bicester—Tubb, Wootten, and Co.

8,458

Birmingham Bank, Birmingham—Attwoods,
Spooner, and Co
Birmingham and Warwickshire Bank, Birming-
ham—Lewis, Moilliett, and Co .. 18,277
Bland ford Bank, Blandford—Bastard and Oak. 8,423
Boston Bank, Boston—Garfit and Co 70,037
Boston Bank, Boston—Gee and Co 14,885
Bridgwater Bank, Bridgwater—E. &J. Sealey 10,106
Bristol Bank, Bristol—Miles, Harford, and Co. 38,312
L3roscley and Bridgnorth, and Bridgnorth and
Broseley Bank, Broseley—Messrs. Pritchard 24,233
Bucking ham Bank, Buckingham—Bartlett,
Parrott, and Co.
Bnry and Suffolk Bank, Sudbury Bank, Market
Bank, Bury—Oakes, Bevan, and Co.. 83,450
I:ant-ury Bank, Banbury—Gillett and Tawney. 44,109
Vatfoury Old Bank, Banbury—Messrs. Cobb 52,209
Bati. City Bank, Bath—Moger and Son 4,539
Bedfordshire Leighton Buzzard Bank, Leighton
Buzzard—Bassett and Grant 36,255
Birmingham Bank, Birmingham—Taylor and
Lloyds
Bradford Old Bank, Bradford, Yorkshire—H
and A. Harris
Brecon Old Bank, Brecon—Wilkins and Co 66,184
Bridport Bank, Bridport—S. and W. E. Gundry 25,144
Brighton Union Bank, Brighton—Hall, West,
and Borrer

31,303

Burlington and Driffield Bank, Burlington— •
Harding, Smith, and Co
Bury St. Edmunds Bank, Bury St. Edmunds—
.T. Worlledge and Co. 5,128
Bromsgrove Bank and Stourbridge and Broms-
grove Bank, Bromsgrove--Rufford, Biggs,
and Co. 16,955
Cambridge Bank, Cambridge—Mortlock and
Sons
Cambridge and Cambridgeshire Bank, Cam-
bridge—Messrs. Forsters
Canterbury Bank, Canterbury—Hammond and
Co
Carmarthen Bank, Carmarthen—Morris and
Sons
Chertsey Bank, Chertsey—Messrs. La Coste
Colchester Bank, Colchester—Round, Green,
and Co. 22,355
Colchester and Essex Bank, Witham and Essex
Bank, and Hadleigh Bank, Suffolk, Colchester
—Mills, Bawtree, and Co
Cornish Bank, Truro—Tweedy and Co
Coventry Bank, Coventry—Little and Wood-
-10,717
cock
City Bank, Exeter—Milford and Co 22,915
Craven Bank, Settle—Birkbecks and Co.
Christchurch Bank, Christchurch—Tice, Welsh,

and Co
Cardiff Bank, Cardiff—Towgood and Co
I,Thepstow Old Bank, Chepstow Bank, Mon-
mouth Old Bank, Monmt uth Bank, Brecon
Rank, and Ross and Herefordshire Bank,
Chepstow—Bromage, Snead, and Co.
I )erby Bank, Derby—Messrs. Evans
Derby Bank, Derby—Smith and Co.
Derby Old Bank and Scarsdale and High Peak
Bank, Derby—Crompton, Newton, and Co
Devizes and Wiltshire Bank, Devizes—Hughes,

Locke, and Co
I)iss Bank, Diss—Oakes, Fincham, and Co
Doncaster Bank, Doncaster—Leatham, Tew,
and Co.
I )uncaster Bank and Retford Bank, Doncaster—
Cook and Co.
Dover Union Bank, Dover—Latham, and Co
Darlington Bank, Durham Bank, and Stockton-
on-Tees Bank, Darlington—Backhouse, and
Co
Devonport Bank, Devonport—Hodge and Nor-

MLR
Dorchester Old Bank and Dorsetshire Bank,
Dorchester—Williams and Co.
East Cornwall Bank, Liskeard—Robins, Foster,
and Co.

2,560
7,118

8,707
14,010
40,239

26,815

18,610
10,412

12,672

64,032

88,905

11,268

45,440

112,092

East Riding Bank, Beverley—Bower, Hutton,
and Co. • ••
Essex Bank and Bishops Stortford Bank,
Chelmsford—Walford, and Co.
Exeter Bank, Exeter—Sanders and Co
Fakenham Bank, Fakenham—Gurneys, Birk-
beck, and Co.
l?arringdon Bank and Bank of Wantage, Far-
ringdon—Barnes and Medley 9,413
Farnham Bank, Firnham—Messrs. Knight 15,175
Faversham Bank, Faversham—Hilton and Co. 7,005
Godalming Bank, Godalming—Mellersh and
Keen 6,221
Grantham Bank, Grantham--Kewney and King 22,595
Guildford Bank, Guildford—Messrs. Haydon... 14,361
Grantham Bank, Grantham—Hardy and C 0.... 29,634
Hastings Old Bank, Hastings—Smith, Hilder,
-and Co. 35,469
Hereford City and County Bank, Hereford—
Matthews and Co.
Hertfordshire Bank and Ware Bank, Ware—
s. Adams and Co.
[lull Bank and Kingston-upon-Hull Bank, Hull
—Smith, Brothers, and Co.
Huntingdon Town and County Bank, Hunting-
don—Rust and Veasey
I Iftrwich Bank, Harwich—Cox, Cobbold, and Co 6,290
Hemel Hempstead Bank, Hemel Hempstead—
Smith, and Whittingstall
lioniton Bank, Honiton—Flood and Co.
I lertfo rd shire, Hitchen Bank, Hitchen—Sharples
and Co.
Hereford, Ross, and Archenfield Bank, and Ross
and Archenfiela Bank, Hereford—Morgan,
Hoskins and Co
Ipswich Bank, Ipswich—Bacon and Co.
Ipswich and Needham Market Bank, Suffolk,
Hadleigh Bank, Manningtree and Mistley
Bank, and Woodbridge Bank, Ipswich—
Alexanders and Co.
Kentish Bank, Maidstone—Mercer, Randall,
and Mercer
Kin ton and Radnorshire Bank, Kington—J.
Davies and Co
Knighton Bank, Knighton—J. Davies and Co 8,524
K'naresnorough Old Bank and Ripon Old Bank,
Kna.-esborough—Terry and Co
ICendal Bank, Kendal—Wakefield, Crewdson,
and Co.
Kettering Bank, Kettering—Gotch and Sons 10,215
Lane Ead Staffordshire Bank, Lane End—C.
llarv..y and Son
Leeds Bank, Leeds—Beckett and Co 54,779
Leeds I inion Bank, Lieds—W.Williams, Brown,
and C

53,930

57,457
36,335

20,622

39,418

35,220

Leek and Staffordshire Bank, and Leek and
Congleton Bank,Leek,—Fowler,Gaunt, and Co. 302
I,,ailester Bank, Leicester—Pagets and Kirby 30,395
fa-wes. Oil Bank, Lewes—Molineux and Co 42,520
I,;,ihFeld Bank, Lichfield—Palmer and Green 21,224
Linco;n Bank, Lincoln—Smith and Co 99,248
1....n,10very Bank and Llandilo Bank, Llando-
e Z:y' —David Jones and Co.
:.ou7hborough Bank, Loughborough—Middle-
t.,ns and Cradock
Lymington Bank, Lymington—C. and S. St ,
Barba
Lynn Regis and Lincolnshire Bank, Lynnßegis
—Gurneys and Co. 43,965
Lynn Regis and Norfolk Bank, Lynn Regis—
Massey and Co.
Niacelesfield Bank, Macclesfield—Brocklehurst
and Co 12,649
tianningtree Bank,Manningtree—Nunn and Co 7,9E3
Marlborough Bank, Marlborough and Wilts -
Old Bank, Marlborough Old Bank, Marl-
borough Old Bank and Hungerford Bank,
and Hungerfordßank,Marlborough—Tanner
and Pinckney
Marlborough and North Wiltshire New Bank,
Marlborough—Ward, Merriman, and Hillier
Merionethshire Bank, Dolgelly—Jones and
Williams
Miners' Bank, Truro—Willyams and C 0...
Monmouthshire Agricultural and Commercial
Bank, Abergavenny—Baileys and Co
Monmouth Old Bank, Monmouth Bank, Brecon
Bank, Chepstow Bank, Chepstow Old Bank,
and Ross and Herefordshire Bank, Monmouth
—Bromage and Snead.
Monmouthshire Newport Old Bank, Newport
—W. Williams and Sons.
Newark Bank, Newark—Godfreys and Hutton
Newark and Sleaford Bank, and Sleaford and
Newark Bank, Newark—Haudley, Peacock,
and Co
Newbury Bank, Newbury—Bunny and Slocock.
Newmarket Bank, Newmarket—Ea: 1, Ham-
mond, and Son .
Norfolk and Suffolk Bank. Diss—Taylor and
Dyson
Norwich Crown Bank, Norwich—Harveys and
Iludsons
Norwich and Norfolk Bank, Norwich—Gur-
neys and Co
Nottingham and Nottinghamshire Bank, Not-
tingham—Hart, Fellows, and Co
Nuneaton Bank, Nuneaton—Craddcock and

7,361

17,506

C 0......................................................
Naval Bank, Plymouth—Harris, Mudge, and

12,771

8,195
17,500

26,900

15,84 g

8,345
28,526

49,293
36,9G2

24,509

2,942

45,08

74,930

10,731

5,915

Co
New Serum Bank, Sarum— fietley, Everett, and

29,8'25

Co
Nottingham Bank, Nottingham—Smith and Co.
Oswestry Bank and Oswestry Old Bank, Os-
westrv—Croxon and Co
Oxti,rd Bank, Oxford—J. and R. Morrell
Oxford '3ld Bank, Oxford—Robinsou, Parsons,

14,672
30,873

16,673

13,55

and Thompson... 34,386
Old Bank Tonbridge, Tonbridge and Tonbridge
Welta-Old Bank, Tonbridge and Tunbridge
Wells and Sevenoaks Bank, Tonbridge—.
Deeching and Sons
....... ....4 10,370