The Sun.
London, England, 1823-10-30 00:00:00

ZXPEILIMENT IX.

Animal Loss by
Kind of food. Form. Quantity. killed. digestion.
Roast Veal long and narrow 100 rats 7
Boiled ditto 30

EXPVIIMENT
Roast Veal long and narrow 100 parts 2
Boiled ditto 31
The following materials were next the subject of trial

EXYEUIMZNT XI.

Loss by
Material. Quantity. Animal killed. digestion.
Zilusele 100 parts 4 hours 3tS
Skin * 22
Cartilage 21
Tendon 11
Bone 5
Fat _ ...... lOO

The appearances produced were these :—ln the tt►uscle, a
separation of the dhres by gradual solution of the connecting
media first took [place; and afterwards, the fibres themselves
became broken down into very minute portions
The skin, upon its under surface, was broken down ; but
upon its tipper surface was not altered.
The cartilage was apparently worm-eaten.
The tendon was reduced to a pulpy gelatinous substance.
runAtura EXPERIMENT ON TILE DIGESTION OE lIONE.
EXPERIMEN'T )LII.

Animal killed. Loss by digestion.
Thigh bone 100 parts 3 hours It
Ditto eihours 30
Scapula • 6 hours 100
On the human subject the stomach is capable of acting upon
bone; of which fact the following case is un example :
On Monday the 28th of March, a little girl, nearly four years
of age, accidentally swallowed a domino, which passed the
bowels in rather more than three days. The medical attendant
(Mr. Maiden, of Stratford) obaerving that it was much Smaller
to size than the other dominos of which it bad been one in the
Het, was induced to Weigh it, and found that its weight wan
only 34. grains, while that of the others was 66 grains; so that
it lost by digestion 22 grains. Those surfaces of the domino,
which, when swallowed,. were hollow and blackened, as usual,
were found prominent like buttons.
• Approaching nearly in structure to the stomach of the
huinan subject.

ORIGIN OP THE BEER CALLED ENTIRE.—The
origin of this name is thus• related in the Picture
of London Before the year 1730, the malt-
liquors in use in London were ale, beer, and
two-penny ; and it was customary to call for a
pint or tankard of half and half, i. c. half of ale
and half of beer—half of ale and half of two-
penny. In course of time it also became the
practice to call for a pint or tankard of three
threads, meaning a third of ale, beer, and two-
penny ; and thus the publican had the trouble to
go to three tasks, and turn three cocks, for
a pint of liquor. To avoid this inconvenience
and waste, a breffer, of the name of Hmtwoon,
conceived the idea of making a liquor which
should partake of the same united flavours of ale,
beer, and two-penny : he did so, and succeeded,
callinn, it Entire, or Entire Unit, meaning that it
was drawn entirely from one cask or butt ; and,
as it was very hearty and nourishing liquor, and
'supposed to be very suitablefor porters and other
norking people, it obtained the name of Porter."
This latter liquor is, however, now only a cam.
pound of mild and stale porter, or of the same
liquor in the tWo different states.

The very serious and melancholy occurrence
which happened on the 23d inst. by a number of
vessels which were making for the Pool running
foul of each other, seems to require particular in.
vestigation. A Public Notice issued from the
Mansion House, during the Mayoralty of 'Alder-
man MAGNEY, very properly imposes a special
duty upon the Harbour Masters, with the view
of preventing the confusion and danger which
must arise from fleets of Colliers coming up, when.
the Pool is in a crowded state. It enjoins all
such vessels to bring up at Black wall, if they
find a particular flag flying at the entrance of the
City Canal ; and if, in furtherance of this salu-
tary precaution, the Harbour Masters do attend
to the crowded state of the river, much mischief
might be obviated. But we fear that the measure
after all is a very imperfect one, and that some
more effectual Jemerly must he found.

The dreadful slate of the Port of London to-
wards the close of the► last century, from the want
of regulation as to the mooring and navigating
vessels, Occupied the attention of the Legislature
from the year 1796 to the year 18(X) ; and it was
conceived that the formation of the Wet Docks,
and the establishment of a proper system of
superintendence by the appointment of Harbour
Masters, would effectually remedy the evils ;
but such has been the increase in the nn►nber of
colliers, coasters, and foreign vessels frequenting
the Port, that the state of the River is now
worse than it was then, and equally calls for fur-
ther regulation.
In some of the late inquiries in Parliament it
has been stated, that the duty of the Harbour
Master is either not properly defined, or not duly
attended to. Without meaning to impute neglect
or inability, we may call the attention of the.
Chief Magistrate to his important duty as Con.
sv rvator of the River Thames. If further audio.
rity is wanting, Parliament should be applied to,
and will not be backward in granting that which
seems so essential to the lives and property of
the subject.
That this is the case we have strong reason
for believing, especially as respects the steam.
vessels, which being more dangerous than any
other, ought to be subject to more rigid regu-
lation. The only effectual mode of govern-
ing the navigation of this great River ap-
pears to he by assigning appropriate sta-
lions to each class of vessels, and subjecting
them to separate regulations; and probably a
more united Ilyste►rr of management would be at•
tended with advantage. We refer to the general
authority of the► city, and to the special controlst
of the Trinity House.
We are quite aware that this subject is one
which must be entered ups► with the most cir-
cumspect regard to all its important bearings ;
and, while an impatient haste on the part of the
master and pilot to bring a ship to her moorings
must be restrained, with a view to the public
good, unnecessary delay must be guarded against,
if that, while thee general property in the River is
protected from injury, the interests of the owners
and consignees of vessels, arriving at a period
probably when their cargoes may be its request
in the market, ar•e not disregarded.
We are more especially anxious that what-
over is done in this most important matter, no
opening should be left for partiality or abuse...—
We are lead to make this remark from having
heard an insinuation (which, however we do not
believe) that the salutary regulation to which we
have referred in respect to colliers, has a very
different object from that which is avowed, viz.
to keep back a certain number of cargoes, and
thereby to have an effect upon the market.

These hints are thrown out with the view of
exciting the attention of the numerous indlvi.
duals in this great Metropolis, who are com-
petent to the task of investigating the subject
fully, in the hope that measures may be suggested
before the meeting of Parliament, by which the
dangers and inconveniences of the Port of London,
at present so injurious to our foreign commerce,
may be remedied.
The disgraceful circumstance of some of the
vessels having been plundered during the court'.
sion that arose out of the calamity which gave
rise to these remarks, calls for the greatest vigi-
lance on the part of the Thames Police, and is
not an unimportant feature of the evils, which at
present affect the commerce of the Port.

WostAN.---" I have always remarked," says
the celebrated traveller, LcnvAnn," that women
in all countries are civil, obliging, tender, and
humane. To a woman, whether civilized or
savage, I never addressed myself in the language
of decency and friendship, without receiving ,a
decent and friendly answer, With man it has
been often otherwise. In wandering over the
barren plains of inhospitable Denmark ; through
honest Sweden, and frozen► La►pl►and ; rude and
churlish Finland ; unprincipled Russia; a►►d the
wide spread regions of thu wandering Tartars,
if hungry, dry, cold, wet or sick, the women
have ever been friendly to me, and uniformly so ;
and, to add to this virtue, these actions have
been performed in so free and kind a manner,
that if I was dry I drank the sweetest draught,
and if hungry I ate the coarsest morsel with a
double relish.

PARIS PAPERS.

triorn Me Journal drs De&dal
PARIS, OCT. '27.—Yesterday, after mass, the
Klog receivetlthe Ministers, several Marshals of
France, Lieutenant and Major-Generals, the
Grand Dignitaries, the Marquis de .Sernonville,
Grand Referindaire of the Chamber of Peers,
numerous members of that Chamber and of the
Loltanber of Deputies, the Pope's Nuncio, and the
Ambassadors of Spain and Naples.
On Saturday evening. the Duke de San Carlos,
the Spanish Ambassador, had the honour of pay-
ing his tespecta-to ;Madame.
We announced, on the authority of an evening
journal, the arrival-of M. the Baron- de Dames,
Minister of War. This is ,an error ; his Excel-
letley it not expected in Paris for several days.
(From,* note.)
•
We are assured thatthe Baron de Damns wrote
to his Keyal Highneis the Duke d'Angouleme
'before accepting the appointment of Minister at
War, to locos. whether his nomination would be
agreeable to the Prince.
• SoMe persons consider the actual conduct of
the French army in Spain, (which CO longer takes
any' part in the events of the %vat. in Estrentadu-
, ra and Andalusia, and which appears to have
f abandoned the Army of the Faith to its own
resources,) as a proof of the • disapprobation ex-
preaSed by our Government of the acts by which
Ferdinand VII. has signalized' the recommence.
meat of his sway.
BAYONNE, OCT. 21.—General Guillonet, who
is on his way from Pampeluna with
,a battalion,
succeeds the one now in authority at Bilboa.—
Two thousand French soldiers are garrisoned
in
Gatieia. The most perfect tranquillity reigns in
the Basque provinces.
frn Excellency M. Pozzo di Borgo, the Rus-
sian Ambassador, has left this town to proceed
to MArid, to congratulate King Ferdinand on
his arrival in that capital.
It is confidently asserted, that from 9:5 to
30,000 men, coming from Spain will shortly pass
through this town.

SPAIN.

[From the Restaurador of the 22a of Oetolorl
NOW TO COMPLETE TUE KESEORATION.
kle rho is ?tot against one in my favour.—
Thiti is the great maxim which appears to form
the basis of modern politics, but which in our
opinion is not fitted to consolidate the great work
in which we are eneasred. To show favour to
men who, if not absolutely bad,are at least luke-
warm and indifferent, with the view of gaining
them and augmenting the number of the faithful,
is at the present moment a most absurd 'Armond
one which cannot be adopted without the risk of
overturning the state. When two pretenders
aspire to the satne throne, when a conqueror sub-
dues a province, the victor may win by favours
the vanquished party, or he may dismay it by
menaces; but since revolutions have become the
fruit of a system founded in corruption of the
heartssesince they are prepared with secrecy, and
continued with obstinacy, and resumed at every'
convenient opportunity, there 5 no hope of any
amendment in revolutionists. Wie It defeated,
they thew a counterfeit duty, blazon forth
their fidelity, and are ready to insult those who
Rave aloays been top]. In place they, ,put on
smiling countenances to gain friends, make pro-
selytes, and feather their nests well ; but their
hearts are imbued nith the maxims of disorder ;
their self-love is wouuded by the humiliation of
their party, and they lie on the watch for P. fit.
vourable opportunity to raise it up anew. They
have for their bond of union execrable oaths,
taken in the dead of the night, in the presence of
their inure desperate colleagues, who are deter-
mined never to yield, and to punish those who
forsake their cause. They therefore make light
of the oaths they pronounce at thesfoot of the
throne, and their promised fidelity becomes
merely a safeguard by which they are enabled to
carry on their work. Whether shut up in the
retirement of his chamber, sitting at his desk, or
placed in the front of an army, the revolutionist
feeds his imagination with new commotions, col-
Jects • sinister rumours, contrives dariug
ated, instead of cherishing the, feelings of a faith
-
fel servant of the King, look; as a
degraded slave, whosedtity it is to seize the first
opportunity for breaking his chains. It is not
'wonderful that Europe, for some time deluded,
should not have credited that the deceit and by-
pocrisy of the rebels should go the length of pre-
tending not treunderstand the .views, with which
they were treated. it was imagined that, by
squandering gifts, the affections of the,4l men
might at last he secured, but to the vexation of
those who thus flattered themselves, it has been
found that this imprudent conduct only served to
4;4)01 the friends of legitimacy,
,without producing
the conversion of its enemies. Notwithstanding
that the ideas of virtuesmd vice are independent of
human sanctinn,und in, their essence like God him-
self unchangeable, tint public scandal of ref-Mine-I
.rating a bad action discourages real Intel fond de
.strays drat powerful stimulus to virtue which the
,prospect of u just recompence affords. The wisest
legislators never supposed that they could eX-
peel, from met' so disinterested and so pure a
heroism, that that they would be induced to
undertake treat enterprises merely for the plea-
sure which accompanies virtue ; to say nothing of
the additional mortification of seeing a rivaCre-
warded. Civic crowns; triumphal arches, apts.
theoses, statues) medels, and the booty taken
from the enemy, are records which prove that
the country is not ungrateful to her heroes.
ilitnishment, proscription, and death serve, on the
contrary, to restrain the disloyal, the ambitious,
and the base. Mistakes may be made in the aps
plication of rewards and punishments, but the
distinction between virtue and vice‘remaitts in All
its force. Who can calculate the evils to which
the neglect of this wise and prudent conduct has
given birth ?
Let rewards with open hand be.given to him
who economises labour in a manufactory—to him
who invents a new threshing machine—to him
who writes & poem or composes a useful treatise ;
god .let us not neglect those virtuous actions

without which no knowledge can enable society 1
to hold together. Butit is a circumstance worthy
of remark, that this age, so fertile in wonderful
discoveries, should be so barren in virtuous deeds.
Whence springs this 'monstrous contradictiou
'Because the general tendency of Europe has for
some time coostantly been directed towards a
moral indifference, which, mixing every thing,
has corrupted every thing. There are temples,
where, after the Catholic has concluded the ce-
lebration of the holy mysteries of the true faith,
the Protestant strikes up his steril canticles.
There are assemblies, in which the voice of the
faithful is confounded with that of the sectary.
Intercourse between persons of different religions
is on the increase, and there are even in-
stances in which a Jewish father, an heretical
mother, and Catholic children, all live under the
same roof. It will be said, that in consequence
of this confusion of familiarity, humanity and re•
ligion have not to deplore those sanguinary wars
in which dogmas were decided by the point of
the sword ; but in return, the observer discovers
a tolerance, not merely Civil, bet religious, in
consequence of which diversity of belief is view-
ed as a mere effect of education, which ought to
have no influence whatever. The Protestant,
who in the midst of his deviations contemplates
the Catholic immoveable in his doctrine, now
concedes to him that security of conscience which
he formerly disputed with so much fury and ob-
stinacy. Who can fail to perceive in this in-
difference, the origin of the doctrines which
form the basis of modern politics? If a hand.
fel of men arrogate to themselves the rights
of their sovereign, overthrow the laws of their
country, proclaim liberty, and water that pesti-
ferous plant with the blood of their brethren
—plunder the nation and enrich themselves
with the spoils of the local—how is this crime
viewed ? The victory of the revolutionists is
applauded and when the interference of a ge-
nerous nation casts down the power of the rebels,
and the chains with which the monarch was
bound are broken—when that monarch, on seiz-
ing the sceptre,. condemns the revelation, and
declares all its acts-null, there are not wanting
persons who will exclaim—What, the work of
three years done away in a moment? What, are
the emoluments and the tionours lavished by the
faction not to be enjoyed ? Why, is there
Ito compromise ? No ; there must be no com-
promise, because rebellion is not a right : be-
cause neither the multitUdeof the guilty, nor
their obstinacy and threats, can alter the laws
of society, which always punish the pertur-
hater, the robber, and the assassin--.because
a King, stupid in affliction, cruelly insulted, and
dragged from one prison to another, does not lose
the character of Sovereignty, which the hand of
God engraved on his forehead—because that ma-
gical phrase, " the material interests of the Re-
volution," has lost all its force. There are not
now, nor can there he, other interests than those
of society, whose chief interest is the termination
of the public scandal of seeing the loyal and
peaceable man languishing in want and misery, and
looked down upon by the ambitious rebeljn the
enjoyment of his usurped office and income. The
Sovereigns, as vicegerents of that II ea vettly Sove-
reign whom no bribery or corruption can influence,
swore in his name to pursue this object by stripping
the recolntionists of their arms, the only title they
had to legitimacy ; and their pledge was not
given in vain. The Revolution is no longer to be
found in the field of battle ; but it must be
sought for, not merely in strong places, but in
another kind of haunts. To render it powerless,
it is necessary to inquire whether it may not
shelter itself in the-palace of our Kings, in the
military quarters, in the tribunal, in the public
office. Let their posts be occupied by men of
pure principles—men who have not, served God
and Baal, but who, have constantly served their
God and their King. Let men be employed,
not merely hostile, but who are decidedly in
favour of each other. Let us always keep in
mind that divine maxim—" He who is not for
mo'is against me," and the restoration will be
for ever secure

A RCIIDUICE CILARLF.4.--Dllritig a retreat of the
Austrian Army this amiable Prince passed by
a great number of wounded soldiers, who had
been left upon the road for want of horses to draw
the wagons. The Prince immediately ordered
the horses to be taken from several pieces c►f et._
tilleryi and put to the waggons, eNdllirniVlZ, " the
life done brave man is better worth the saving
than fifty pieces of ordonnance." When General
Morca, into► whose bands the cannon thus aban-
dotted had fallen, heard the motive of this sacri-
fice, l►e ordered the whole to be restored, saying
that he would be unworthy to oppose the Prince
were he to take advantage of so noble an act of
humanity.

Oeessa.—The antiquarian researches made on
the borders of the Black Sea have been attended
with most satisfactory results, and have thrown
great light upon the history of the Greek
Colonies which once existed in those coun-
tries. It has been nscertained by accident,
that the thriving city of Odessa is built upon
the site of an old Greek town. In the month
of March last, a workman, whi:e digging in the
yard of a private, house, discovered, about 4 feet
belaw the surface, some human bones, inclosed by
stones rudely ranged ; and at their side a vase
in terracotta at the left side of the bones. This
vase was found, upon examination, to be of G reek
antiquity, of the sort generally called Etruscan,
elegant in its form, and ornamented with paintings.
The paintings have a reference to religious cere-
monies, known to have been held by the Greeks
of the Euxine. This vase, together with other an-
tiquities discovered not long since,induce the con-
jecture that the Port of the Istrians, meutioned
in the periplas of Arrian, was situated where
Odessa stands at present. Whilst speaking of
Odessa, we may remark, that the science of music
has made great progress there. They have not
only an Italian Opera, which is well got up and
numerously attended, but also a great many con-
certs and musical societies.

On Sunday se'nnight the fowl-house of Mr.
Goose, of ilellesdon, was broken open, and 16
ducks stolen.—(Norwich Pmer.)

THE CAUSE OF GREECE.

APPEAL

From Pie GITEEICCOMMITTBE to the BIIITISII PUBLIC in
general, and eitivoially to the PRIEXDS of RXIAGION.

The Greek Committee having from time to

time communicated to the public the various details which have
reached them relative to the progress of the interesting cause
they advocate, feel themselves compelled to renew their appeal
to their Christi:in brethren, to the friends of Greece', to the
civilized world.

The valour and the virtue of the heroic descendants of the
great masters of art and science; their extraordinary successes
in the midst of incredible privations and active sufferings; the
calm and steady progress of their emancipation towards a re-
gularly organized and national Government, cannot but have
excited the admiration and the sympathy of the generous and

the good.
By sure though slow degrees the classic land of Greece has
been nearly freed of those usurping barbarians, whose tyranny
had for centuries degraded and desecrated the soil. Oppres-
sion had become intolerable from its excesses ; and the poor
and despised Greeks, the inheritors of the language, though
not the possessors of the' land, of their illustrious progenitors,
rose as a man upon their savage and unchristian lords. They
rose unarmed and unprovided—unorganized and alone. To
the Great and Omnipotent Being, to whom they so solemnly
referred their righteous cause, they did not appeal in vain ; but

they went forth " conquering and to conquer." Immense
armies and terrible fleets have been sent against them, only to
be scattered and subdued. Yet they have stood alone—almost
alone in their heroic devotion—with scarcely a hand stretched
out to help or to encourage them. And yet no holier, ho purer
claim was ever made upon the public generosity and compas-
sion. Recollections the dearest to us as Christians, anticipa-
tions the most inviting to us as philanthropists, and associations
the most impressive as intelligent and civilized men, grow
around and decorate the thoughts of emancipated Greece. Can
those, who with active and benevolent zeal are engaged in pro-
pagating the divine principles of Christianity, look with in-
difference on the struggle of a Christian nation against the
opprobrium of oppressing infidelity and the degradation of
intolerable chains ? If we are told that the Greeks are bar-
barous, let us elevate them from their barbarism to light and
knowledge. We will answer the reproaches of those who in-
sult them, by pointing to the proud march of their acknow-
ledged victories; to theirlong-suffering patience, and to their
fortitude; in their establishment of schools ; to their immedi-
ate attention to the administration 'of justice, and to the nu-.
merous projects of improvement with which they have been
occupied. But we cannot look forward without trembling so.
licitude, not for the ultimate independence of Greece, for we
believe that independence is firmly and finally established
against the. Porte ; but, unless the Greeks possess the means of
completely consolidating their power, and of securing, beyond
the chances of interruption, the land of their fathers, we anti-
cipate a long-enduring and bloody and alemoralizing struggle,
leading to the extermination of the one, and the exhaustion of
both; and we.sunplicate.—in the name of the Greek people
stretching out their hands, and demanding our charitable sue-
cours,—we supplicate that generous and effective assistance
which ,may honour the British nation, to which they have im-
ploringly turned, and. which may throw its happy influences
over all future times.
We have watched with the most eager interest the events
which have taken place in the Morea since the formation of the
Greek Committee, and the growing.favour which the cause of
Greece has obtained in the public mind. The Greeks have now
truly established their title to universal sympathy. The struggle
liar been humanized, and every thing the Greek (:lommitee have
seen and heard has served tis atimulate their exertions and to
confirm their confidence in ao holy. .a cause. To the Reports
they have published, from observations made by their own
Agent, Mr. I-Requiem; and collected on the spot, they would
refer without.distrust ; and they call on their countrymen, • by
the love they bear to their fellow Christians, anti by all they
hold dear, to. conic forward and support the cause of (recce.
In their exertions no party-politics I.*ve place; they have dis-
claimed, and they must again disclaim, all other views than to
co-operate in raising Greece, from her political and moral tined-
dam, to a place among the nation% worthy
.of her illustrious
name;—and he who agrees with them only in this, they would
consider as their friend and fellow-labourer.
Limited as liav'e been tivir means hitherto, the Committee
congratulate themselves that their Association has already had
a considerable influence in encouraging and strengthening the
bands of the Patriot confederates ;—the evidence is in a corre-
spondence open to their subscribers :—and as regards the fu-
ture, they have good grounds for affirming, that from, the pe-
culiar state of the conflict at the present time, the assistance of
a few thousand pounds would put the most important results
within their reach ; turn, according to human probabilities,
the suspended scale on the right side ; and thus produce incal-
culable benefits both to the present generation, and to genera-
tions yet to come.
On the ground, therefore, of the highest humanity, and most
Christian duty—if the protection of innocent 'villagers against
merciless marauders ; if the saving of thousandsof fellow Chris-
tians from death, and from captivity worse than death ; if the
introduction of peace and order, in the place of the rapine, ruin,
and turbulence of war, and the thus preparing a whole people
for the extension of the blessingssof Christian institutions and
Christian instruction, be characteristics of humanity anti Chris-
tian obligation—they'call on their countrymen, both as men and
Christians, to come forward with their assistance.
The Committee, who have witnessed the admirable effects
produced by the efforts of an extensive co-operation, even when
the amount of individual contribution has been very inconsider-
able, would fain awaken through the cities, towns, and even
the villages of Great Britain, that feeling of benevolent sym-
pathy which has on so many occasions produced such extraor-
dinary results.
Subscriptions received by Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Smith,
and Snow and Paul, Treasurers to the Committee, and by all
the London Bankers.
Copies of Mr. Blaquicre's Report, and of the Appeal, may
be had by every Subscriber on application at the Bar of the
Crown and Anchor Tavern, or to the. Honorary Secretary, Mr.
Bowring, No. 5, Jeffrey's-square, St. Mary Axe.