The Sun.
London, England, 1841-03-25 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY, MARCH 25, 1841

having 'earned the simple lesson of justice,. as'practically igno-
rant or regardless of the elementary principals of the social
compact. . .
But they sacrifice tlfe good which their co-operation might
ensure, in the unrca,enable and impracticable hope, of coercing
the middle classes into the support of the Charter. To do
that is not practicable ; to cauEe the suspen.ion of public
.

meetings, as at present conducted, is practicable. 'llia vic-
tory is within their reach. They seem on the point of I:chiev-
ing it; and we only wish that every honest working man, hold-
ing the professed principles of the Charter, would seriously
consider the character of such a victory, and ask himself,
wherein consists its gain or its glory.
Ticket meetings will probably be resorted'to, asra measure of
self-defence; hy'ail wherstrivefor any public good that promises
to be more promptly attainable than the Charter. Are the
Chartists and the working men content that such a change as
this should be their first measure of practical legislation, their
prinu2ry innovation upon the common law and customs of the
land?

The Chronicle inserts and comments on a letter
from Mr. HETHERINGTON, justifying the course
of proceedings on the part of the-Chartists ; and
in noticing it we do not now for the'flrst time re-
probate it, while we have been amongst the first
to acknowledge its importance as a sign of the
power now possessed by the democracy, and
of their knowledge how to turn it to account.
Certainly the Chartists have prevented others
from attaining their objects, though they are,
and that is the condemnation of their proceed-
ings, not themselves apparently any nearer
success. But while we therefore reprobate their
conduct, we must say that they give us more
grief than surprise. We are prepared for it, with-
out attempting to excuse it.
The Chronicle talks of their being ignorant of

the elementary principles of the social compact,
which is a mere puerility, for practically the only
social compact they have ever known, consider-
iag the Chartists and the working-classes as
identical, was that they were to bear all the
burdens of the society and be denied all its privi-
leges. They were to fight the battles of the
country, but were never to command its armies
or its fleets. They were to pay all the taxes, but
not to have a vote in levying them. They were

,o submit implicitly to all the laws, but to leave

the enactment of them exclusively to others.
They were to be taxed in their food, and
in their raiment, their industry was re-
strained, and yet they were required to feed
themselves and the rest of the society. The
social compact, if eversuch a thing existed, has
been unknown to them and their ancestors for
ages, and how could they be expected to observe
what they never knew? They are not tar wrong,
we think, in describing themselves as slaves;
however much we may differ from them as to
the wisdom of the course they have adopted to
achieve their liberation. After all, their conduct is
moderate and reasonable, compared to the man-
ner in which other slaves have foolishly or madly
assailed their oppressors.

The Chronicle, and several other Journals, ex-
press themselves as if they thought the Chartists
were exclusively to blame for the present diffe-
rence which exists between them and the middle
classes. That is not our opinion. The middle
classes, as we have more than once stated, very
selfishly took care of themselves as they sup-
posed, and wholly disregarded the working
classes. They obtained the franchise, and then
opposed rather than promoted its extension to
the others. Moreover, when the working classes
met, certainly in great numbers, and were ad-
dressed, we admit, in inflammatory language,
but having for their object the attainment of the
franchise, which is a just, and, we will add, an
honourable ambition, then the middle classes
were the first to take and spread alarm, and, both
personally and through their journals, they
urged the Government to take strong measures
against the Chartists, who were ostensibly seek-
ing only the franchise. We have said before
that, much as we blamed the Government for
the course it took, we knew that it was neither
so prompt in taking repressive measures, nor did
it go so far as many of the middle classes urged
it to go. Circumstances such as these, united to
the fact of the general negligence of the middle
classes to obtain for the lower classes legal pro-
tection equal to that they enjoy, have set the
lower classes, with some reason, as much against
the middle classes as against the upper classes.
We cannot, therefore, go along with our Contem-
porary in ascribing all the faults of the present
schism to the Chartists, and in exonerating the
ru::1(11e classes from all blame.

There is another circumstance which appears
to us worthy nf notice, which ought to make the
middle classes rt.:sist every law which tends to
lower workmen's w.iges. Generally speaking,
they are employers, the working classes are the
employed. The former pay, the latter receive
wages. In that relation there is nothing which
gives either a claim to superiority. The services
are as necessary to the buyer as the wages are to
the seller. One man sells his labour, as another
sells sugar or brandy, the produce of labour;
and tp sell labour is no more degrading than
to sell wheat or land. The lawyer, the
physician, the priest, and the statesman, all
live by selling labour, and they are amongst
the most honoured classes of society. But
the old employments, and the employments •
requiring little education, are comparatively
overstocked with hands, and those who want
labour have a choice of the offerers. Certainly,
therefore, employers who can live for some time
without labourers, while the labourers can scarcely
live a few days without wages, have a superi,
ority over the workmen. who look on them as
determining the amount of their wages.
Comparatively few men are acquainted with the
natural laws which determine or influence the
supply and demand of labour. Still fewer are pre-
cisely acquainted with the effects which legislative
enactments have over the same phenomena. They
do not know, for example, how much the price
of food is raised, and how much employment is
diminished, by a Corn-law. But however slack
may be the demand, and however low the wages,
the employers---the middle classes—are the im-
mediate agents for bringing privation home to
the people. This circumstance the employers
Overlook. They pay, and of course, when driven
to it, they reduce wages. They Maybe perfectly in -
aocent in doing so; nay, the same cause which com=
peN them to dismiss their people or lower
wage:l 10 per cent., may shut up their factories,
and curtail their profits. Nevertheless, as they are
the actual agents in bringing home the reduction
to the workmen, wherever ignorance is great,
they bear the,
_chief blame.
Now, it is a 6:Ct that the condition of our work-
ing classes hasnot improved in proportion to that of
the other classes, Wit have not greatlyde tJriorated ;
and the employers being blamed, though unjustly,
for that deterioration, the hearts of the working
classes are filled with anger against them. They
are held to be responsibly 'for all the misery the
working classes feel. Hence the cry that they
only seek to lower wages, that they are the plun-
I derers of the poor, and other similar unwar-
ranted assertions. These observations explain,
though they do not excuse, the feelings which
prevail amongst the ignorant, and they
ought to convince the middle classes that if
they would not bear all the blame of being the
instruments for executing the iniquitous laws of
the landlords, they ought to exert themselves
strenuously to resist all such enactments, or to
procure the repeal of them. They have not
done this—they have not, we believe, been aware
of the consequences of such enactments on the
conse-
quences of the working classes, and in that
mutual estrangement which no persons deplore
tl.7eyo and ignorance.
are
suffering
the
qmuoernec telsaa
onf •
tvhe do
e irn,eg
the We say, emphatically, suffering, because we
cannot believe that i middle classes look even
with indifference, much less with pleasure, on
the less of the pOwer
they regardto give effect to their opi-
nions by public meetings. Nor can
with apathy, or even without alarm, theftuz
which that loss shadows forth for the country.
the first instance, it ensures • impunity to
the oppression of. the landowners, and . to
every species of bad government. Heavier
privations will consequently fall on the work-
ing classes, and greater will be their ha-
tred of the employers who will seem to cause
them. Finally, will come poverty heavily
creeping.over all classes, and extinguishing all
energy, or else distress will provoke resistance
and revolution, and the despotism of the mob,
or of one tyrant,,will usurp the place of settled
orderold'iabie-id apirerte nt progressive improvement. To
mass of our people,.in their pre-
sent condition of semi-thraldom is impossible,

and either they must be reduced to absolute
slavery, or they will put an ead to every other
part of the political mach;ne as well as public
meetings....

It must be highly gratifying to the members
of the Import Duties Committee, and to the wit-
nesses examined by it, to find their labours at-
tracting such very general attention. Had the
Corn-law advocates passed over the Report in
contemptuous, silence, we should never have
known how much .it afflicted them, but when
we End-them attacking it fiercely we are at once
convinced that it has wounded them to the
quick. The most profound homage yet borne
to the utility of the Committee is that conveyed
in the speeches of Lord ASHBURTON and Lord
MOUNTEAGLE.

Perhaps two more dishonest politicians do not
exist. The latter part of Lord ASHBURTON'S life
has been a complete contradiction to the first, as
one-half of his speeches generally contradict
the other. Mr. SPRING RICE obtained power
by professing a Liberal policy, which he never
comprehended, and which he laid aside as soon
as he obtained the office he was seeking. Shoved
into the House of Peers, not as a reward, but to
get rid of him, his little mind, less even than the
little body it inhabits, swells into pomp with his
poor dignity, and he throws his sneers at' the
Committee and the witnesses as if he were a
great man. To be attacked by two such politi-
cians is a proof both of the truth and the power
of the Committee's labours, of which they may be
well proud.
What Lord ASHBURTON said is not precisely
known, for his tongue wants vigour to give
effect to the folly that is in his mind. What
Lord MOUNTEAGLE said was that it was an ex-
aggeration to assert that the protecting duty on
corn laid a heavier-charge on the people than
twice the amount of the revenue. Let us, if we
can, prove that this is no exaggeration. It is
natural for Mr. SPRING RICE to calculate the
loss to the people, by what enters into the
pockets of the landlord s; but in fiscal regulations
two and two do not make four—more may be
destroyed than is gained—and neither the reve-
nue of the State, nor the increased income of the
landlords, is any measure of the charge which
the Corn-law lays on the people.
The price of wheat at Manchester, but for
those laws, would be determined by the quantity
of labour required in spinning the cotton with
which it was bought when brought from the
United States, or wherever it could be obtained
most abundantly or cheaply. If we estimate
that at one-fourth below the average price, in the
long run, under the law, we shall not exaggerate.
The law makes us pay therefore, 25 percent. more
than we should on all the produce of our soil, had
we no Corn-law. The law applies only to corn,
but the price of the whole produce of the soil is
raised in an equal proportion. An estimate pub-
lished by the Tory Post a few days ago, set the
whole annual value of the produce of the soil at
940,000,0001., one fourth of which is 61,000,0001.
sterling. That is approximating to the sum
which the Corn-law annually takes from the
people. Far from being an exaggeration, it is
much below the amount.

But Mr. S. Itic2 knows that the whole people
do not contribute to the payment. The land-
lords receive the bread-tax; the farmers are
said to profit by it; the wages of labour are said
to be kept up by the law—consequently the
whole of the 61,000,0001. must be paid by thosa
who are not landlords, farmers, • nor labourers,
nor the shopkeeper, who depend on the agricul
turists. On this showing, less than half the
people pay the 61,000,0001. a year. Now, as
those who gave evidence before the Committee
did not, of course, include under the term peo-
ple those who receive the tax, we believe it is
made out to the satisfaction even of the
owner of Mount Trenchard, and the pro-
moter of the scheme for improving the
navigation of the Shannon, in the neighbour-
hood of which Mount Trenchard stands, that the
Corn-law imposes a heavier charge on the
people than twice the amount of the whole re-
venue levied by the State.
The sum, however, gives a fee:)le view of the
miseries inflicted on us by the laws of such men
as my Lords ASILBURTON and MOUNTEAGLE. The
Corn-law annually starves a large multitude of
people out of existence. It annually extin-
guishes an immense and incalculable amount of
wealth and human happiness. It annually dimi-
nishes to that extent .the national means of
bearing the burdens of the State, 'while
for gaols and workhouses—for all the means
of repressive and revengeful justice—it much
enhances those burdens. To say- that the Corn-
law lays a charge on the
.people twice as great as
all the revenues of the State, far from being an
exaggeration, falls at least one-half below the
truth. Four times 50,000,0001. a-year would not
measure the immense amount of loss and evil
inflicted on the trading, industrious, and enter-
.prising community by the iniquitous Corn-law.

The Paris Journals of Monday have all reached
us. The Journal des Debats of Monday has a
long article, in which is analysed the Report of
the Committee on the Budget for the year 1811.
As the state of a nation's finances may be safely
assumed as a sure index of the general policy of
its Government, we shall make no apology to
our readers for quoting this article at length.
The most extraordinary thing about this Report
is, that while it severely censures the extrava-
gance of the TRIERS' Administration, it recom-,
mends a perseverance in the armaments—the
cause of that extravagance. Nevertheless the
article is an instructive one, and as such we re-
commend it to the general notice of the public.
The debate of the Chamber of Deputies on the credits o
1840, has been but the preliminary of the discussion which will
take place in the course of the week on the credits of 1841.
These credits are the sequel of the poll:Mal situation be-
queathed by the Cabinet of the Ist of March, and result fr m
tne so'emii vote of t;.e Chamber, which has sanctioned the
attitude of armed peace whipted by the present Chamber. M.
Bignon has just had distributed to the Chamber his Report,
wh,ch is a document worthy of the most serious attention.
The Hon. Reporter, with that experit nce and skill of which he
has already given proof in the difficult labours of the Chamber,
has ent:Ted into a detailed and conscientious examination of the
different portions of those credits which must add this year to
the usual charges of the Budget more than 176 mitions.
Our financial situation forms in some measure the preface
of the Report; in fact, he admits that the Chamber may be
ue!l aware of it be.ore pledging itself to vote a state of things
of new °Agin. hus a deficit previous to 1833 amounts to
•1.56,028,250 f. This deficit was increased last year by a further
decrease of 183,163,551 f., making altogether a sum of
546,058,8961. deficiency at the end of 1841.
This sum will be increased at the end of next year by
15.1,754,000 f., according to the deficit of the budget of 184,
tsh:ch, added to the 534 millions, proposed for the expenses of
the public storks will amount to the enormous sum of
1,153,974,8961., to meet which sum no effective resource is
created. The 63,300,000 f., for which the re,erve of the
sinking-fund is specially assigned, is not coinjrised in that
evaluation.:

The artnaments made by France, in consequence of the
Treaty of the 15th of July, have been calculated, as it is already
known, at an effective of 493,671 men and 112,774 horses fur
the army, and of 225 armed vessels, manned by 46,418 sailors,
for the naval force, which has besides 19,910 marines and ar-
tillerymen for vie arsenals, the coast, and the colonies. The
credits for the department of the Minister of War, and for
that of the Marine, have eapecially rivetted the attention of
the Commission, which proposes definitively to ma.ntain the
effective as created by the Ministry of the Ist of March. It
considers the formation of new regiments as an unfortunate
measure, uncalled for by. events, yet as it would be necessary
to put more than 1,200 officers out of commission, and it has
received from the Minister of War notice that it entered into
his system of reserve to utilise all the depute of the new for-
mation, the Commission has abstained from propo.,iny, to the
Chamber to revert o_a more economical orgi.nizas ion. It ap-
proves of the creation of '34 batteries, which, giving to the
army 200 batteries and 1,200 field-pieces, would be sufficient
for an army of 600,000 men, but it hopes that the present Ca-
binet will reject the idea which the preceding Mieistry enter-
tained of creating 98 new batteries.
The credit of 0,450,000 f. for the manufacture of 152,000
muskets, has given rise to some very severe observations on
the part of the commission. After having declared that ive
possessed 1,771,311 muskets in a proper state in the maga-
zines and in the corps, and 80,876 in the hands of the na-
tionsl guards, the commission expresses itself in thsse words
as to the impossibiiity in which it placed to reduce the cre-
dit asked for :
" Ihe preceding Administration, which had the idea cf
carrying oat to 400,0u0 the muskets that were besj:oken
of the contractors of our manufactories and 'of the trade in
general, had, from the month of September, made considerable
contracts with the former, and when your commission wished
to make an especial reduction in the credits asked for, the Mi-
nister of War replied that he was no longer at liberty to reduce
the orders, that agreements made with contractors who had
got considerable supplies of wood and iron, and had had en-
gageda great number of_ a-orkresin, did not admit of limiting
vishtai °teh
iwtYas compelled to stop at impossibilities,d
teamount unless attaholonsosnftoranr
tothres.trelansutgi,s wofouthldinbges
an
our c°ll3lllioncredit of the sum whic
only to reduce the h.was not included at
when we were drawing up our resolutions
the moment
to state that it was wrong to takt
This induces us
re ned that it is c
pe. on
rar e coneycts
t y t ery
before the credits w
all rulese administration, since, as the cre-
ditslyiound to indsseimn
principle and to
it rendered the State liable to damages,
constitutional powers had t
119 -oliger their
_.
action ancl freedom of vote.
of the rules of responsibility which is
Another forgetfulness
and mthiagthbtebsiederseftu:e

not less serious, against which your Commissions of Finances
hive constantly declared, and which we must point out to you,
is the advance of one million which has been made to the con-
tractors for the manufacture of muskets from the Royal manu-
factories in the.mnnth of September last, at the moment when
the contracts which we have just cited were being entered
into. To act in this manner is compromising responsibility,
and we must hope that the disapprobation with which we
visit those measures—a disapprobation which the Chamber
will no doubt join in—will prevent a recurrence of those irre-
gularities.
The commission being:less fettered with respect to the con-
struction of cannon, proposes to reduce 1,333 the 2,445
cannons, both in bronze and cast iron, asked for by the multi,
which will produce an economy of 900,000 f. It grants
20,000 f- as a supplement to the reception expenses of the
Presirtent of the Council, as well as l 00,000 f. for extraordinary
missions ; but it refuses the '250,000f. asked by the Minister of
War for secret expenses. To sum up the reduction which the
Commission intends to obtain on the credits asked for by
the Minister of War for the forces at home, will amount to
about twenty-three millions. The greatest reduction of ten
milions and a half has been made on the pay and keeping up
of the non-complement of the troops during the last six
months. The Commission maintains for this year the effectise
state of the army in Algiers, as it exists, and which amounts
to more than 65,000 men, and 11,500 horses, without com-
prising 3,503 native auxiliary troops. It only fears that too
great a di-persing of our forces will render difficult the exe-
cution of the decisive operations which are to take place this
spring.
The credits of the department of the Minister of Mirine are
reduced more than two millons ; they only refer to secondary
considerations. The commission has decided to maintain the
armaments of 1840, and to increase them by five vessels, it
urges thesMinister to give to steam navigation all the develop-
ment which our maritime situation demands. _

The commission winds up its report by approving of art. 7.
which is for the purpse of authorising the Aiini•tei of Finance
to issue Treasury Bonds, and to employ the reserve of the
sinking. fund to cover the deficit of the treasury, and, in accord-
ance with the Minister of Finance, it suppresses the la 4 article
of the project of law which had fur object to transfer to the
budget of 1841, the excess of the expenditure of the budget of
140, because it was useless to burthen one budget with the de-
ficit of another.
News of political importance there is none in
the Journals of Monday. The Courrier Francais
states that a coal mine has been discovered at
Quimper, which promises to be of the utmost ad-
vantage to French /Steam navigation.
Letters from the Hague received in Paris on
Monday announced the alarming illness of the
King of HOLLAND.
The following extracts from the Papers include
the only paragraphs they contain in the shape of
news :

M. LEssoN's BA NIRUPTCT.—" We are informed, says the
France, " that the Ddchess de Dumas will lose upwards of a
million of francs by ti.e failure of M. Lchon. M. de Montan-
Yet loses 1207000 f., and M. Piacatory 200,(‘00f." The same
Journal states the creditors of M. Lehon have held a meeting,
at which it was announced to them that from the first examina-
tions of the state of his affairs, the liabiities appeared to amount
to 6,00'0,000f. "M. M. Pisca'ory, de Moetzlivet, and Jan-
vier," it adds, " have been designated as members of a council
to watch over and direct the affairs of M. Lehon ; the two
former gentlemen, as being creditors to a large amount, and
the latter, though not personally interested, yet acting only as
the friend and adviser of those who_e fortunes are so seriously
compromised."
ABDICATION OF Dole Itlidurt.—The Augsburg Gazette,
in its correspondence from Rome of the 7th instant, announces
th? arrival in that city of the Chevalier Coreira, the Portu-
guese Envoy, with missims—first to induce Don Aliguel to re.
nouncis the title of King of Portugal, and with it all claims to
the sovereignty of that country, and next to reconcile the dif-
ferences which have arisen between the Crown of Portugal
and the Holy See. "It appears," continues the Gazette,
" that the Chevalier will succeed in the fit st part of his charge,
Don Alignel being well inclined to resign both title and in-
heritance on eertain conditions; a disposition towarils
which the Counc Is of Austria and Rome have greatly contri-
buted. The second eifficulty will not be so easily overcome,
as the Holy See requires that all the Bishops who were nomi-
nated by Don Miguel should be acknowledged by the present
Government, a proposal which is absolutely rejected. How-
ever, the Pope has resolved to send a Legate to Portugal in the
hope of bringing this question to a settlement."
The political chief of Granada complains and declares that.
what the Journals have sta'ed about his having taken the valu-
able pictures still existing in the several convents of nuns is a
calumny ; but the honest man, at the same time, acknowledges
that he has bought fourteen splendid paintings of the nuns for
about 251. sterling. How could those forlorn women refuse to
let the pictures go at any price,
when the meg pittance isued
out to them by Government is paid by the said, seylsibled,
purchaser, the political chief? The said fourteen paintings are
said to be worth a considerable sum ; Lut they are supposed riot.
to be the only ones, because the Municipal Chamber of Gra-.
nada is malcMg mo-t minute investigations, in order to asei r-
tain the whole extent of the worthy functionary's speculation
in pi.intings.
The Toutonnais of the 17th contains the following passat:e
" We are assured that orders have just been given by the.
Ministry for all men of war which are equipped for se, vice
and have not any destination assigned to them, and are now in
the ports of the north, to repair to the harbour of Toulon. It
is intended to coil, ct in our roads all the naval force of France.
This decision arises from the new embarrassments in the affairs
of the East. It is reported that the Cabinet of Berlin has re-
quired the recall of M. 13resson, our Ambassador, who was
agreeable to the late King, and, perhaps, for that reason &a s
not please his successor. It is added that AL- Guizot has
readily listened to the injunctions of Prussia, and that M.
Brcsson's successor is already chosen. Notwithstanding the
'roof of weakness which our Government has given, we cannot.
beliele so much humility. The Ministry will, doubiless,
hasten to contradict this statement if it is false."—Courrier
Francais.

Alaacit 21.—We have received the following
letter from Toulon, which will excite painful reflections on
the state cf our navy after the enormous sums which have
been demanded for that service :

Too CON, Matters 16, 11341.—Five ships of the line, the
Scipion Genereux, Trident, Marengo, and Alger, and the
adon frigate are destined to convey troops to Africa. 'The
Scipion and Didon are a:ready gone, and the others will
put to sea to-morrow or the next day. To enable them to
go to sea it was necessary to g;ve them spare sail belonging
to the Triton and the Ville de Marseilles, which are not in a
condition to go to sea at present.
This felt deserves notice, for more than two years the maga-
zines of this port have been without sailcloth ; several ships
cannot he employed for want of scare sails, which are abso-
lutely necessary for their safety. This fact proves that the
Ministry, to satisfy the:press and the public, is willing to have a
fleet in the road, but does not think of employing it in any case.
In fact, if such was not its purpose, it wculd have sought
to exercise it during the winter, instead of leavng it at Toulon,
where the crews become disorganised, and the expense is in-
cressed by useless repairs, as is proved by thefacility with which
they are dispensed with when the ships are at sea.
he ships might have been out at sea when the weather was
fine, and when it was unfavourable they might have entered
the road of Hyeres. There the Crews might have been exer-
cised in firing with balls. In consequence of six ships having
been at sea for a week two months repairs have been needed.
We must be greatlydegenerated, or those who govern us
must be very incapable.
The fleet, howev.r, has served to salute the Duke of
Aumale when he passed through this city. Every ship fired a
salute with all its guns, which makes 1,500 cannon-shot. We
might regret this expense, if we thought our Government ca-
pable of employing the powder more seriously.— Le Commerce.
. . •

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS

CITY, WEDNESDAY EVENING.
All is now suspcnre in the City with regard to the
news expected before the close of the week from the Ur
i-
ted Stares, and the Funds have in consequence been very
b: avy al day. For immediate transfer, Consols have been
marked 88 to 884, and for time 84 to 881, the interme-
diate value being, about the llte:t cf the day. Ira some
degree our market may be said to Le affected by the Re-
port of the Finance Committee in the French Chamber,
showing the enormous deficiency in the budgrt of 1842;
adiel to the proposed expense of public works, of
1,153 974,896 francs, for which it may be said no effective
resource bras been created; so that sooner or later a new
loan appears inevitabl-. IL is probable, however, that the
public here, who have lately evinced such an unequivseal
dispositi As to abstain from engagements or speculation 1
forego stock, would not be very e ger subscribers for the
new debt of our Gallic neighbours. Exchequer Bills,
oveiig to the increased scarcity of money, the rate among
the jobbers bong as high as 4f and 5 per cent. went
down to 7 ald 4;. pte.nium. The Nrw Three-and-a-
Half per Cents. rea'ised 96i to ; and India Bonds were
a' 20a. discount ; Bank Stuck was staly et 170 for the
openiv.
The Foreign Securities were scarcely dealt in. Spa-
ni h Active Bonds were heavy at 23 ; Porugeese New Five
per Ceot.. at 30:41 ; the Three per Cents. at 18k ; ME xi-
can at 29i ; B azilian at 71, and Chiron at 63 ; Dutch
Two-and-c- Half per Cents. were worth 501 to 4, and the
Foe per Cents. 991.
For the Railway Shares not quite such fovourable
prices were obtsi red. The Great Western rca i.ed 23
to 22,4 ; the London and B.rairrehare, 60 to 59i prem.;
the Quarter, 16 rem. ; both Ex New and the South,
15i prem. • G eNswich were 12i ; Manchester and Leeds,
2 ; and No; ther n and Ea7t.ire, 24 discount. Provincial
Burk of I eon(' Shares acre at 18 prem.
The following picture of the prosperity of the labouring
classes in tl.e colony of Demerara presents so striLing a
contrast t) the condition of the peasantry and sr isans of
this country as well as to mtr:t attention. It is extracted
from a Guiana journal :
" In the Court of Policy to-day, was read a petition,
which des rves to be especially noticed. It was from a
tab ,uring roan in the eeighbourhood of Moaliica, whose
house and furniture, t'gether wi h a gig and harness, had
been bur el by an accidental fire; and the prayer was,
that the Court should repair his loss, which, according to
the items specified, and the value petitioner set upon
them, was between seven and eight hundred dollars.
" Rerain:ng, is the mean:ime, from any observation on
the expediency of the Court's entertaining or granti. g
such a request, it night sot be improper to draw public
attention to the extraordinary ci cnmstance of a cirnmen
agricultuvil labourer having seven hundred dollars' worth
of fornitd ein his house. Few, if any, agricultural la-
bourers in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire.
'and cou'd lose one-third of seven hundred dollars' worth
of f.:r li'ure, or anything else, if the whole prope:ty of
th count yin which they reside were burnt to ash: s. This
petition ought to be published, to show the comforts and
independence of labourers in this colony."

LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, MARCH 23.—A mederate
business has been done to-day, she sales are 2,500 bales, of
which 500 are in speculation at Friday's rates.
LIVERPOOL SHARE MARKET, MARCH 23.—The only trans-
actio s reported at the Stock Exchange to-day are ti e fol-
lowing :—London and South Western, 5/. Shares, 41s. 6d. ;
iklid'ancl Counties, 78; Marine Assurance, n.
MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, MARCH 23.—Alanches-
ter :ind Leads, 69k, Liverpool and Manchester Halves, t9l;
Macclesfield Canal, 28; Atanchesler and Liverpool District
Bank, 101. 19s, ; Manchester and Bireninigham 244; London and
Sou h Western, 55 ; Edinburgh and Glasgow, 34 ; North
Midland, 71.

In the Asence of further intelligence from the United States,
a general retort pi exailed at the Stuck Exchange this mottl-
ing that the Patr:ck Henry, which was to sail on the 7th inst.
from New York, had arrived off Liverpool, in consequence of
which numerous inquiries were made at the North and South
American Coffee-house on the subject, which was found to be
without founda'ion, as their Live, pool letter, dated six o'clock
fait night, 4id not mention one word about it. In all proba-
bility in the course of to-morrow we may hear of her arrival,
she bcing a fast-sailing vessel.
Consols 1, ft off y.'sterday at 88;1 4 for the Account ;
Money, 884 *, opened this morning with a slight imp overnent
at 884, for Account ; Money, 81 4, since which they have
not maintained the opening prices, and may be quoted at pre-
-83;--; 4 ; Money, 884 4, and up to the present hour thete
does nit aypear any syil it for speculating until some further in-
formation is received from the United States. Exchequer Bills,
5 7 prem.
In the Foreign Market scarcely anything doing. Spanish
Active; a -bade higher, left off 234. at resent 23 4; Deferred
125; Passive 54 4 ; Brazilian 71 72 i Colombian 214 224 ;
Mexican 29* i; Portuguese same as they left of 305 31 ;
Three per Cents. 19; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents.
504 4; Five per Cents. 994 100.
The Fo. eign Exchanges yesterday afternoon remained with-
out alteration, with little doing.
SHARES. - Great Western 23 24 prem. ; New 114
Erem. ; London and Brighton 74 7 dis. ; Blackwall 54 4 dig. ;
Birmingham 60 62 prem. ; Southampton 545 554 per share ;
Crojdon 124 per share; Greenwich 74 84 per share; Man-
chester and Birmingham 16 15 dis.
Consols which were, in the earlier part of the day, at 884
for the Account, may be quoted at present 884 4; Money,
88 to 4, the above article being in demand and scarce ; New
'Three-and-a-Half per Cents., 96%, have been 974 i Exche-
quer Bills rather lower, 5 7 4 prem. ; Bank Stock for Ac-
count, 170.

The Foreign Market, to the present time, is totally neglected,
the: e being only four quotations. Spanish Active, 23 ; nothing
done in Portuguese; Brazilian, 71, lower ; Chilian, 63; Dutch
Five per Cents., 99A.
hi Shares little doing. Bristol and Exeter, 351 36 ; Great
Wes'ern, ; London and Birmingham, 1.50 ex. div. ; Quar-
ter Shares, 21 ; Midland Ctunties Quarter Shares, 14E.
No further' arrivals as yet.
Conols, Money, Sei ; Account, 881 ; Colombian, 211
22's; Mexican, 29k 1; I.)teried, 91 ; Pot tuguese, 3ta 31 ;
Spanish, 23 A.
No arrival from America by the second train from Liverpool.
CLOSING PRICES.
BRITISH FUNDS.

Bulk Stock .. India Stock
3 per Cent Red — Ditto Bonds 2O dis
3 per Cent Cons BB Ditto Old Annuities ...
3I; per Cent Red — , Ditto New Annuities...
New .3 per Cent 96i Ex. Bills, 1,000/....21c1 4pm
New 5 per Cent Ditto 500/ 6pm
Long A anuities to expire Ditto Small Bpm
Jar. 1860 Bank Stock for Acct ...170
Oct. 1859 — India Stock for Cpg....448i
Jan, 1860.

FOLZEIGN FUNDS. _
Austrian, 5 per cent Portuguese, 5 per cent.
Belgian, 5 per cent Ditto, New Ditto —
Brazilian 80nd5.... 7l Prussian, 5 per cent.
Buenos Ayres, 6 per cent Russian, 5 per cent —
Chilian, 6 per cent Ditto, iSletallic —
Colombian, 6 per cent... Spanish, 5 per cent 23
Ditto, 1824. — Ditto, Deferred ...
Danish, 3 per cent — French, 5 per cent. —f.— c.
Greek, 18:45, 5 per cent — Exchange —f. —c.
Mexican, 5 per cent. ... French, 3 per cent —f. —c,
Ditto, 6 per cent, 1825. Dutch, 2i per cent. ... 504
Peruvian, 1825, 6 per et. Ditto, 5 per cent......... 99a
SHARES.
Bristol and Exeter (60 paid)
.., 36

Great Wes'ern Railway .(65 paid) ...... 87i
London and Thimingham Railway (90 pd) 1491
Ditto Quarter Shares ( 5 paid) ......... 21
Lf ndon and Greenwich Railway (24 pd) 7;

Ditto Scrip. (3 paid) 4
Lon lon and South Western ........... 544
Ditto Tenths
London and Croydon Railway (Trunk)
Manchester and Leeds (70 paid).......... 68
Ditto New Shares (30 paid) 29
Midland Counties Railway (100 paid)
Ditto Quarter Shares (10 paid)
Northern and Eastern (50 paid) . 26

dress to the Queen from the Corporation of the Trinity How.e,
to congratulate her Majesty upon the birth of the Princess
Royal.

he Levee was attended by the Archbishops of Canterbury
and York, the Bishop of London, the Lord President, the
Lord Privy Seal, the First Lord f the Treasury, the Secre-
taries of State for the Home, Foreign, and Colonial Depart-
ments, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the First Lord of the
Admiralty, the President of the Board of Control, the First
Commissioner of the Woods and Forests, the Secretary at War,
the Chief Secretary for Ireland, the Lord Steward, the Lord
Chamberlain, the Master of the HorSe, the Captain of the
Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Alms, Lord Hill, Gold
Stick in Waiting; the Captain of the Yeoman Guard, the
Treasurer of the Household, the ,Comptroller of the House-
hold, the Master-General of the Ordnance, Major-General
Sir Henry Wheatley, G.C.H., Keeper of her Majesty's
Privy Purse ; Sir Henry Parnell, Paymaster-General; Mr.
Backhouse, Under Secretary of State ; Hight Hon. Sir George
Grey, Judge Advocate-General; Sir Edwin Pearson, Lieu-
tenant of the Yeomen of the Guard; the Mager of the Cere-
moni: s, Mr. Thomas Shiffner, Paymaster of the Hous-hold ;
the Adjutant-General of the Forces, the Lord Register of
Scotland, Colonel Couper, First Equerry and Comptroller of
the Hou eholl of her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent ;
Mr. Henry Robinson, Standard Bearer to the llonourable
Corps of Gentlemen at Arms; Colonel Wemyss, Equerry to
her Majesty ; Dr. Frederick Schenck, Secretary to his Royal
Highness Prince Albert; Dr. Chambers, Physician to her Ma-
jesty a:id to the Queen Dowager ; Rev. John Ryle Wood,
Chaplain to her Majesty the • Queen Dowager ; Major Hyde,
Ass scant Master and Marshal of the Ceremonies ; Colonels
Sir Robert Gardiner, Sir Adolphus Dalrymp'e, Owen, and
Wynyard, and Captain Dundas, IL N., A. D. C. to her Ma-
jesty; Mr. James Bunee Curling, Clerk of the Cheque to the
Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms ; Mr. Llierthorp,
Clerk of the Cheque of the Yeomen Guard ; • Revereod
the Subdean of her Majesty's Chapel Royal; Colonel
Richardson, Royal Horse Guards, Silver Stick in Wait-
ing ; Sir Benjamin Smith ; Cap.ain Pechell, R.N.;
Equerry to her Majesty the Queen Dowager; Lieut.-Colonel
Sir Frederic Smith, Sir William Martins, Lieut.-Col. Diggle,
and Mr. Arthur Blackwood, Gentlemen Ushers in Waiting ;
Captain J. Parker Nuttall, Exon in Waiting ; Colonel Sir J.
alorillyon Wilson, and Mr. Mellish, Gentlemen Ushers to her
Majesty the Queen Dowager.
At the general Levee, Mr. Colquhoun presented Addresses
to the Queen, of Congratulation from her Majesty's Council in
Dominica, on her Majesty's marriage.
From her Majesty's Council in Dominica, on her Majesty's
escape from assassination.

Korn her Majesty's Council in Dominica, un the birth of a
Princeis.

From the Legislative Assembly of Dominica on her Majesty's
marriage.
From the Legislative Assembly of Dominica on the b:rth of
a Princess.

From her Majesty's Council in St. Christopher on the birth
of a Princess.

From the Legislative Assembly of St. Christopher on her
Majesty's marriage.

From her Majesty's Council Virgin Islands on her Majesty's
mare iage.

Frorii her Majesty's Council Virgin Islands on her Majesty's
escape from assa,sioation.
The Levee was attended by the following Noblemen and
Gentlemen :—Mr. Bernard Hebeler, his Prussian Majesty's
Consul-General ; Mr. Colquhoun, Agent and Consul-General
for the Hanse Towns ; Mr. Koch, her Majesty's Consul at
Frankfort • Mr. Burge, Q.C., Agent for Jamaica ; Mr.
Mayers, Agent for Barb adoes ; Mr. Birch, House of Lords.
DuxEs—Cleveland, Somerset, Norfolk.
MA RQUIS Es—Anglesey, Cholmondeley, Blee, Northamp-
ton, Thomond.

EA ILLS—Rosebery, Bandon, Lovelace, Clare, De La Warr,
Bradford, Devon, Euston, Denbigh, Cadogan, Shaftesbury,
Cawdor, Veru'am, Jersey, Fingall, Orkney.
ViscouNTs —Chelsea, Maynard, Alford, Templetown, Syd-
ney, , Berehaven, Cantilupe, Ipswich, Howick, Strangford,
Loftus, Villiers, Duncan.

IlisHops --Durham, Lincoln, Chester, Chichester, Ely.
Loans—Paget, Langdale, Ernest Bruce, Ashburton, Wil.
ham Paget, Dalmeny, De L'lsle, Burghersh, Fitzroy Somer-
set, Mahon, Kinnaird, A Fitzclarence, Frederick Gordon,
Fitzaran, Ite.lesdale, Radstock, Douro, eolborne, Norreys,
liotharn, Beaumt,nt, William Fitzgerald, De Freyne, Ashley,
Boston, C. !Fitzroy, Ki leen, Oranmo-e, Hathrrton, James
Stuart, C. Hamilton, Sandon, Colchester.
RIGHT HONOURABLES—CharIes d'Eyncourt, Sir W. Fre-
mantle, Thomas Courtenay, Sir George Murray, Joseph
Plant a. . •

HONOURABLES—Henry Boyle Bernard, Charles Noel, Rev.
E. Moore, George Edgcumbe' R. S. Carew, M.P., C.
lloward, Mr. Ashley, Geoffrey Browre, G. Smythe, M.P.,
H. Corry, M. West, Rev. H. C. Cust, Major Keane, J.
Bloomfield, Captain G. Campbell, Captain Scott, Commander
Plunkett.

BARONETS-Hugh Campbell, Robert Peel, Henry Dukin-
field, Edmund Antrobus, (,harks Lemon, Edward L. Bulgier,
T. F. Buxton, Wiliam Chattert,n, C. Des Voeuz, W. Stir-
ling, A. Grant, J. Mordaunt, J. Hipp6ley, R. H. Inglis,
R. Price, E. Fihner, 31. P., H. Verney, C. Domvile, C.
Staunton, M.P.

Svc s—doses l‘f ontefi,,re, F. R. S. , George Carroll, Charles
Al(ii=, C. Scudamore, C. F. Wil:iams, De Lacy Evans, W.J.
Newton, H. H. Bruce, Bowcher Clarke, J. Adolphus, D.
Norreys, H. Willock.

DE; ris—Salisbury, Chichester.
REV. DOCTORS—Dibdin' Knapp.
REv. AlEssiEuas—Charles Wetherell, William Canning,
H. A. Woodgate, Charles Klavert, John Nelson, W. S. Rowe.
DocTvas—Thomzs Elliotson, Henry Lee, Locock, Robert
Ferguson, John Forbes, L. Loewe, Elkin, Arnold J. Knight,
Bedford.

MAYOR S - Devonport, Newcastle, Portsmouth.
ALDERMAN—Bevan.

SHERIFF—New castle-upon- Tyne.
MEssiEtins- Selwyn, Q. C., Antrobus, Murchison, Moore,
William Robinson, Seymour, John Neeld, M. P., John
Round, Gaily Knight, M.P., Daniel Gurney, Alex-
ander Beresford Hope, Pemberton, M. P., Henry Tufnell,
R. Ormsby Gore, M.P., Sackville Lane Fox, D. 'Witliams
Wire, H. Hymen Cohen, Solomon Jacob Wale, H. De Castro,
Martin, W. Swaioson, Waymouth, Keate, Easthope, M.P.,
C. D. Archibald, C. Smith. C. Balfour, Verschoyle, Rich,
M.P., V. Stuart, Jones, Planta, Vignoles, A. French, Wm.
Talmadge, J. Campbell, 810 mfield, F. Fitzgera4l, B. Wright-
son, F. Calvert, hawes, M.P., Le Max chant, 0. Morgan, F.
Greville, Clive, Longden, Blagden, E. Wallace, A. Oswald,
B. Edenhorough, Edmons.tone, Corry, De Horsey, Dentds-
toun, M.P., It. Hollend, M.P., S. Banlis, J. Pattison, Brad-
dell, Wyse, M.P. J. W. Roche, F. Smith, Alston, Sulivan,
H. S:euart, 11.1.1., Pinney, M.P., Stei henson, Val Morris,
C. J. Grey, J. Wood, Redmond, J. Lord, Disney, Wilbra-
ham, J. Parker, M.P., H. flipi,eiley, C. E. Trevelyan, S.
DickiuQ, B. 'Baring, J. T. Briggs. Elphinstone, V. Smith,
Harcourt, C. Scutt, Saundeis, -B. Paget, Clay, E. Rice,lll.P.,
G. J. Pennington, E. Turner, MP. Ord, M. P. ,
J. Oswald, M.P., W. Lascelles, Hodges, M.P., R. L. Wil-
soa' W. B. Bayley, Palungton, M.P., Waddington, M.P.,
J. M. Brunel, Filter, C. P. Harris, J. Theobald, R.
Bown, C. J. sadler, Bramwell, B.igliaw, Handley, C. E.
Deacon, W. J. Le Feuvre: J. Morley, C. E. Lefroy, J. G.
Shorter, H. Hughes, J. Kemble, J. Lobb, J. Hunt, Hynd-
man, Alilnes, M P., C. Tawney, Sanders, D. APLean, M.P.,
M: Gibson, Harland, Sh'rley, Haslam, R. V. Thurburn,
H. F. Wood, Tancred, M.P , C. Smith, A. Gaeta, M.D.,
A. Daniel, R. Al ton, R. Dry, W. Mackenzie, M.P., Ad.
Kent Oom,' R. Ben-on, A. Burton, 13abbage, WC. Beasley,
W. Ellis, M.P., H. Ludgater, A. Johnston, R. Palmer, G.
Lyall, B. Paget, Standish, \V. Rose, W. Barnes, W. Laurie',
R. Spry, R. Fynn, Philips, Stanley, Lister, Perrier, IL F.
Maitland, Lynch, J. Flood.
FIELD MARSHAL—Duke of Wellington.
GENERA ts—Viscount Beresford, Sir Charles Maxwell,
Lord Seaton, Sir Henry Wheatley, G. C. 11., Hon. Sir Wni.
Lumley, Sir Gilmour, Sir F. Adam, Lomax, Sir I. Pren-
dergast, Sir L. Otway, Sir F. Wetherall, C. Macleod, Sir E.
Paget, Sir 0. Carey, Sir Fitzroy Maclean, White, Sir I. .Mac-
leod, Lord C. Manners, Sir F. Wetherall, Taylor, Sir W.
Gordon, Hon. H. Murray, G. Michell, Sir G. Murray, Sir T.
Gardiner.

COLONELS—Couper, Wylde, Sir F. Stovin, Fox, Sir W.
Colebrooke, P. M. Wallace, Fin!ing, Rawdon, Lacy, Sir E.
Cust, T. Wood, Sir C. Hopkinson, Chatterton, Dyneley, Hun-
ter, Blair, Guldie, Robinson, Sabine, Doyle, W. H. Sykes,
Forbes, Clive, lion. G. Rice Trevor, Grant, Paget, Pasley,
Maxwell, Godwin, Bowyer, Sir T. Wiltshire, H. Roberts,
Marten, Aitchison, Waticott, Yorks, Earl of Cardigan, Sir H.
Ross, Phipps, Wyndham.

11 AJORS—Waymouth, Orange, Vicars, Powell, Hartley,
Vivian, Bell. _

CAPTAlNs—Dundas, Strangways, Greather, H. B. Lynce,
Bloomfield, Bremnen, Pitman, B. Thomas, I. I. I;chn,
Brickenden, Douglas, P. Cameron, F. Villiers, Margary,
Bristow, W. Ridley, Mowatt, Pitt, P. Pack.
LIEUTENANTS—Mayers, W. P. Pollock. De Butts, Edward
At chdall, S. M. Calder, Hornby, E. S. Mildmay, A. Burrows,
E. S. Glen, C. Young, I. R. Gibbon, R. C. Shakes} ear, I.
Anderson, Webb, Wright, Lyle, J. W. Welch, Honourable J.
Colborne, Pipon, P. Scott, Deacon, Bligh, Hoey, Gaisfurd,
Mercer, F. Ward, Hon. J. Murray, G. F. Wallace.
CORNET—Fleming.
ENSIGNS-_H. Wood, W. Parke, Coryton, Fulton.
ADMIRALS--Sir Lucius Curtis, Bart., Honprnan, Lord F.
Beauclerk, Sir 11. Digby, Sir I. W. Loring.
CAPTAINS—Bowyer, O'Grady, F. Liarder, Sir S. Vaval,
C. Graham, Denman, Erskine, P. Hornby, W. F. Lapidge,
Shirreff, S. Lope, G. C. Blake, G. Evans, Bowles, Lord F.
Gordon, Trotter.

COMMANDERS-Geo. Norton, J. Reeve, H. Crease, Russell,
\l'm. Allen C. Thomson, J. Lamont.

The following Noblemen and Gentleman had the honour of
being precenteJ to her Majesty :
The Earl of Lovelace, cn being appointed Lord-Lieutenant
of Surrey, by Viscount Melbourne.
Viscount Bet ebaven, by the Marquis of Thomond. '
Viscount Alford, on his marriage, by the Marquis of North-

ampton.
The Mayor of Deronport, by Sir George Grey.
Lo,d William Paget, by the Marquis of Anglesey.
Lord Paget, by the Earl of Uxbridge.
Lord Beaumont, by the Marquis of Normanby.
Lord William Fitzgerald, by the Duke of Leinster.
Lord Killeen, Bth Hussars, on coming of age, by the Earl d
Fingall.

Hon. —Commander Plunkett, R.N., by Lord Foley.
The Hon. John Bloomfield, Secretary to her Majesty's Em-
bassv at fit. Petersburgh, by Viscount Palmerston.
Hon. Major Keane, on !promotion, by Lieutenant-General Sir
Hussey Vivian.
Hon. George Edgcumbe, her Majesty's Secretary of Legation
at Hanover, on return from abroad, by Viscount Palmerston.
Hon. Geoffrey Browne, on his coming of age, by his father,
Lord Oranmore.

Sir T. Fowell Buxton, Bart., on being created a Baronet, by.
Lord John Russell.

Doctor d'Loewe, on his return from Alexandria and Constan-
tinople, by Sir Moses Montefiore, F.R. S.
Dr. Locock, on his appointment by the Lord Chamberlain.
Sir Moses Montefiore, F. R. S., on his return from the East,
and to. present a fac-simile and translation of the Firman

granted by the Sultan to his Imperial Majesty's subjects
professing the Jewish religion, by the Rizlit Hen. Viscount
Palmerston.
Sir 11. Ilervey Bruce, on his 4ppointment to the First Life
Guards, by lieut-Gen. Sir Andrew Barnard, G. C.B.
Sir. Bowcher Clarke, by Lord J. Russell.
The Sheriff of Newcastle-uporb-Tyne, by Mr. Ord.
Rev. Arthur Woodgate, by Earl De La Warr. •
Mr. David Williams Wire,. on his return from Alexandria and
Constantinople, by Sir Moses Montefiore, F.A.S.
Mr. Daniel Gurney, by the Earl of Erroll.'
Mr. Alexander Beresfurd Hope, by General Lord Viscount
13§mfgrd,
mr. William Robinson' on his appointment as one of her
Majesty's Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms, by Lord
Foley.
Mr. Antr 'bus, by Sir Edmund Antrobus.
Mr. Keats, on appointment as Serjcant- Surgeon to her Ma-
jesty, by the Lord Chamberlain.
lateut.,G6neral Sir Loftus Otway, on his appointment to the
Command of the 84th Regiment, by Lord Hill.
Lieut.-General Sir F. Adam, on his return from abroad, by
Lord Hill.
Dr. Robert Ferguson, by the Lord Chamberlain.
Mr. Wm. Martin, on his appointment as Chief Justice of New
Zealand by
.Lnrd J. Russell.
Mr. Wv‘A. wanthon,
on his appointment as Attorney-General
k
of New Zealand, by Lord J. Russell.
Rev. Henry Arthur Woodgate, by Earl De la Warr.
Dr. John Forbes, on his appointment as Physician in Ordinary
to her Maj
esty's Household, by the Lord Chamberlain.
Dr, Arnow by the IVarquis of Normanby. ,