The Sun.
London, England, 1824-06-03 00:00:00

PARIS PAPERS.

PARIS, MAY 31.—The sudden departure of
Iturbide for Mexico, and the disasters experienc-
ed by Bolivar its Peru, are events so important
that the issue of the great question of Spanish
America may be even now foretold.
Six months ago every thing announced calami-
ties for the Peninsula. Bolivar victorious, jea-
lous of the glory acquired by San Martin, wished
to give laws to Peru, and make himself master of
South America. Europe believed that it was
done.

In Mexico, the fall of this same Iturbide,
amidst the acclamations of his subjects, and the
establishment. of a republic, made it believed
that the new Government was founded on im-
moveable bases, and the independence of Southern
America was not doubted of any more than the
fortune of Bolivar, which was to dim the glory
of the Pizarros.
To men who know both Americas; their real
resources, their love to the mother-country—to
those who have been actors in the events of the
last ten years, nothing is more melancholy than
to hear the language used in Europe on the
events of America—the greatness which is sought
to be attached to men and events, and on the re-
snit of the struggle which was in progress be-
tween Spain and her trans-marine possessions.—
The circumstance which in their opinion could
decide the question was the recognition of the
independence of the rebel Governments' by the
maritime Powers of Europe—and they allowed
Spain to act.
England alone took the initiative by diplomatic
notes and Parliamentary discussions, and by the
mission of Consuls or Commissioners to examine
whether the established Governments had such a
character of stability that it might be permitted
to acknowledge them as legitimate. But at the
same time she declared imprescriptible the rights
of Spain on the Americas, and the strict neu-
trality as to the efforts which Ferdinand should
make to get possession of them again.
The defeat of Bolivar will make known the
-stability of the Government of Peru, and the
brave Viceroy, La Serpa, will be able to receive
in Lima the English Commissioners, if they have
gone there. -
In a short time the arrival in the Pacific of the
Spanish ship of the line Asia, and two other ves-
sels of war, which sailed from Cadiz in January
last, will he known. Can it be supposed that,
at the moment when the Spaniards are victorious
in Peru and masters of the sea, when the exist-
ence of the Governments of South America is
again problematical—that at this moment Eng-
land is to recognize their independence ? It is
impossible : it would be in opposition to the
principles published to time world in full Parlia-
ment.

The same is the case with respect to Mexico.
When the English Government sent its Commis-
sioners there, there was one republic (probably
; now the number of them is un-
known. If Iturbide be believed, there are those
of Mexico, of Guastimala, of New Galicia, of
Oxaca, of Ducatan (Yucatan ?) and Queretero,
-and other countries. The utmost the English
Comrnissione•rs can do will be to run through
•`these countries in all haste, and learn the names
..of the individuals who govern them.
To complete this state of anarchy, the Ex-
.-Emperor is gone to carry thither his fury and
vengeance. Can England decently recognize
-.such a confusion as legitimate ?
It would be insulting to that Government, on
..inany accounts, barely to raise the question whe-
ther the Government of the person who has es-
•eaped from Southampton would he recognized
.by her.

It appears, then, to us decided, that the recog-
Alition which has been so much talked of, must
ihe adjourned to an indeterminate epoch ; and
that it Kill be left to Spain to prove to
..Europe that the assurance given-by the Cabinet
of Madrid, iu its last note to Sir Wm. A'Court,
will be fulfilled. This assurance is—" That Spain
without foreign aid will he able "to make herself
Juistress of her possessions in Anierica."
It is not to.he presumed that England, like a
`boo famous authority, would by a law set a fixed
'.time on the duration of a civil war, which in no
way approaches to its termination.—(Eioik.)
Letters from Prague announce that the report
is very generally spread that au approaching
in-
-terview of the Emperors of Austria and Russia
is to take place at the waters of Carlsbad. The
'Emperor Alexander's physicians, It is affirmed,
have prescribed to him the use of these warm
baths. It is added, that the Count de Nessel-
rode, Minister for Foreign Affairs, is to accom-
pany-this Monarch to Carlsbad.—(Etoilc.)

RUSSIAN PROJECT FOR THE PACIFICATION OF
GREECE.

The Constitutionnel, which arrived last night
contains the following article, dated Bremen
:
G° BnEmmr, MAT 17.-1 send you an extract of a.Russian
official note on the Pacification of Greece, written in the
year 1824." •
" The Emperor, after efforts to destroy in the south of Europe
the feeds of disorder which had made such dangerous progress,
-thinks the moment now arrived for attending to the means of
pacifying the East.
• It becomes necessary to put an .end to the troubles which
agitate Greece. They produce results injurious to the corn..
merce of Russia and the Levant, paralyzing the industry of a
. great part of the provinces of the Russian empire. The Em_
poror has made great sacrifices to the love of peace, and to the
desire of strengthening the ties which bind him to his allies.
Thanks to the ability of Lord Strangford, the Porte has con_
-seated to satisfy the just demandi of Russia. On this, the
-Emperor dispatched the Cotincillor of State Alinziaky to Con-
•stantinople. If he has not sent an Ainbassador, as he had an-
nounced at Czernowitz, it is because the strongest considera-
tions were opposed to it. The Turks would not fail to regard
the presence of an Ambassador as a decisive victory over the
= Greeks ; and yet, if the contest were to continue,and the Greeks
1 "re successful, the Russian Ambassador would not fail to be
an object of all the suspicions of the Divan. They would sup-
pose in understanding with the Insurgents ; his position
would 1) the same as that of B fF aron Strogono, at the time of
the
criminal enter of the Prince Ypsilanti. The protesta-
tions of this Attilmssadoi were then not listened to, and he
himself was ob
thlifec(tO quit Constantinople.
" In case Turks should triumph, how could a Russifln
Ambassador be able to
barbarousr)epain a spectator of all-the horrors and
,
-Cruelties to which a
eople would not fail to aban-
don themselves ? His presence ould. give occasion to calum-
;plate the tientimeots of the tinpe'rorto impute to him the in-
tention of bringing back the Greeks under an anarchical and
vharolis power, and thus ranging on the same line-Mahome-
tans and Christians.
On the other hand, it is essential that the PJwers who have
.sucexed,d repressinz• the revolutioracts of the two.P.eniastlaa

should take steps to prevent their teeing the cause of the Greeks
reinforced by the re-union of the revolutionists of all the coun-
tries where order has been re-established.

"It can only be by a prompt co-operation of-the Allies that
a long succession of calamities can be prevented, and that effu-
sion of human blood arrested which has already flowed through
three campaigns. According to all probability, the fourth will
not produce results more decisive.
" The Porte, alWays swollen with the pride of its ancient
victories, is desirous of arriving at absolute sovereignty, while
the Greeks, grown warlike by three years of resistance and
success, contemplate an absolute independence. The solution
of the problem lies between the two extremes. The Russian
Cabinet proposes the following means of pacification, as a just
medium between exaggerated and conflicting pretensions, which
appear to secure to the (reeks guarantees become necessary,
and to the Turks useful end real advantages, instead of a
sovereinit liable to be renounced and attacked.
" It is thought, then, according to examples which belong
to Turkey itself, that it may be possible to establish three prin.
cipalities on the Greek Continent. The first will be com_
posed of Thessaly, of Bceotia and Attica, or eastern Greece.
—The second will comprise the coast anciently belonging to
Venice, (with the exception of what now belongs to Austria),
Epyrus and Acarnania, or western Greece. The third will
comprehend the Illorea, to which may be joined the isle of Can-
dia, or Southern Greece.

" The islands would be subject to a municipal regime, and
governed nearly as they arc at present.
" In 1465, the Turks having conquered Walachia, esta-
blished Princes in it, subject to the sovereignty of the Divan,
with the privilege of not receiving Ottoman troops.
" In 1536, Soliman I. granted the same privileges to 3101da-
via, after having conquered it. Subsequently these privileges
have been modified, extended, and placed under the guarantee
of Russia.

" In 1774, Mustapha HI. wished to establish a principality
in the illorea. Unfortunately lie died the same year, and the
project was abandoned. It will be objected, perhaps, that the
Porte has always shown itself extremely opposed to every
foreign intervention in the course of the late negotiations: but
the annals of former epochs furnish likewise examples of the
admission of foreign interference by the Divan.
" In 1774, at the peace of Kainardgi; in 177 A, and in 1802,
the intervention of Russia and Prussia was admitted.

" Russia thinks that the Greeks cannot reasonably carry their
hopes farther. They would thus enjoy liberty and freedom of
commerce, and would have their own flag. The Greek Patriarch,
who would continue to reside at Constantinople, would there be,
• in a certain sense, the representative of the nation. The Turks
would preserve garrisons in several fortresses, having a line
marked out beyond which they should not go.
" There would be, moreover, neither Turkish Pacha nor Go-
vernor, but each of the principalities would pay a tribute pro-
portioned to its extent and its wealth.
" The rules relating to interior organization would become
the object of a second negociation among the Powers. The
Porte, on its side, would find a real advantage in negociating.
A fourth campaign will probably have no better success than
the preceding ones ; while the proposed arrangement would
secure to it peaCe and tranquillity, together with the re-
gular revenues arising front the tribute of the different prin-
cipalities.
" Up to the present time, rebellious Pachas disturb at every
instant its repose, and reserve for themselves the treasures which
they wrest frOm the people. These revolts of ambitious and
grasping Pachas would cease.
" Mahomed 11. granted to the islands the privilege of being
simple tributaries. This mode of conducting their affairs would
possess this advantage for the Allies—that they could guarantee
such an emancipation of Greece without deviating front the prin-
ciples which compose the basis of their policy, and without hay-
ing the appearance of wishing to favour projects of as absolute
independence. Russia, therefore, proposes
" 1. To approve of the views announced in this memoir.
"2. To agree on the point of sending analogous instruc-
tions to the Allied Ambassadors and Ministers at Co: stan-
tinople.
" 3. To leave to these Ministers all the necessary latitude.
" 4. To agree on the power of communicating successively
all parts of the plan of pacification proposed by the Alliance.
" 5. To inform the Ministers that they will fulfil the desire
of the Allies in causing the principle of intervention to be adopt-
ed by the Porte.
" 6. It would be necessary to represext to the Porte, that the
creation of three principalities would diminisl: the efficiency
of the Greek forces; and that as the Porte would bare the
nomination of the Ilospntlars, Princes, or others, it would thus
attach to its interests the most important families among the
Greeks."