The Sun.
London, England, 1841-10-02 00:00:00

Washington, Sept. 13,1841.
Gentlemen—Lest any misapprehension should exist
as to the reasons which have led me to differ from the
course pursued by my late colleagues, I wish to say that
I remain in my place, first, because I have seen no suf-
ficient reasons for the dissolution of the late Cabinet, by
the voluntary act of its own members.
I am perfectly persuaded of the absolute necessity of
an institution, under the authority of Congress, to aid
revenue and financial operations, and to give the country
the blessings of a good currency and cheap exchanges.
Notwithstanding what has passed, I have confidence
that the President will co-operate with the Legisla-
ture in overcoming all difficulties in the attainment
of these objects ; and it is to the union of the Whig
party—by which I mean the whole party, the Whig Pre-
sident, the Whig Congress, and the Whig people--that
I look for a realisation of our wishes. I can look nu-
where else.

In the second place, if I had seen reasons to resign
my office, I should not have done so without giving the
President reasonable notice, and affording him time to
select the hands to which he should confide the delicate
and important affairs now pending in this department.
I am, Gen,!eman, respectfully, your obedient servant,
DANIEL WEBSTER.

It will thus be seen that, notwithstanding all that has
passed, Mr. 'Webster has strong confidence that the diffi-
culties that have arisen upon the Bank question will yet be
surmounted, and that at no distant day. Most anxiously do
we hope that this confidence may not prove fallacious. The
country needs a fiscal agent., (or rather a national bank, for
we hate the substantial name), and its wonted prosperity
cannot return, its business cannot be transacted with the
same facility and profit' as before, until such an
institution, in some form, shall be organised. Mean-
time, we trust that the exhortations of Mr.
Webster for the union and harmony of the Whig
party—" the entire Whig party"—may not have been
uttered in vain. We regret deeply the entire break-
ing up of the Cabinet, for we must again repeat that
we have seen no good reason why, upon this bank ques-
tion, the Secretaries of War and the Navy, and the At-
torney and Postmaster-General, were required to resign.
The resignation of Mr. Granger, we are told, was not
expected by the President ; and the act was beyond
doubt forced upon him by his Whig friends in the New
York delegation—most unwisely, in our opinion.

RIOT IN CINCINNATI—SEVEN LIVES LOST.
BALTIMORE, AUc. 9.—The Western mail this morn-
ing brings accounts of a riot which took place in that city
on Tuesday night. It had its origin in a fight which took
place on Thursday night, in Columbia-street, between a
few negroes and some whites, in which one of the whites
was stabbed so severely as to make his life long pre-
carious. On Friday night from two to three thousand
persons collected around the negro houses on Sixth, east
of Broadway, and the negroes having armed themselves,
fired upon the crowd. The riot now commenced in
earnes'. A cannon was brought to the scene, loaded
with slugs, and several times fired down Sixth street, rak-
ing the whole street, and it is supposed with effect. The
Mayor went on the ground, and succeeded at length, with
the aid of the military, which he called out, in restoring
order. The Mayor supposes there were two whites and
two negroes killed, and from. 15 to 20 persons wound-
ed, principally whites. On Saturday morning the ex-
citement still contit.ued, an extra meeting of the City
Councils was called for ten o'clock, and a town meet-
ing of the citizens was about to be held.
DESTRUCTIVE FIRE AT THE BAY OF CHALEUR.—
The Pictou Mechanic end Farmer of the 'Bth instant
mentions on the authority of a passenger in the Uni-
corn, who came on board the Unicorn steamer at
Gaspe, that the whole, extent of the forest along
the Bay of Chaleur was on fire, that a great portion of
the new town of Bathurst was burnt down, and that four
or five of Mr. Cunard's vessels were burnt on the stocks.
PUBLIC DEBT OF TEXAS.—The Austin Gazette gives
the following as the amount of the National liabilities of
Texas, exclusive of the bonds sold by the Loan Com-
mis inners :
Audited Drafts Funded $795,351 68

.
Promis,arf Notes funded, previous to the
Ist of July.lB4o,in Ten per Cent. Fund 781,379 00
Land Scrip Funded 80,348 32
Eight per cent. Bonds 849,900 00
Promissory Notes 2,944,988 62

Navy Drafts
Interest on 10 per Cent. Funded Debt to

Ist November, 1841 188,685 05
Interast on 8 per Cent. Bonds to Ist No-

vember, 184-1 71,394 00

$5,827,009 67

BANE OF THE UNITED STATES. —We learn from the
New Yorh American, that the Bank of the United States
at Philadelphia has made an assignment of all its pro-
perty for the benefit of its creditors. The stock of the
Bank was sold at New York on Saturday, to a large
amount, at 9 to 10 dollars per share.
T REA st, RY NOTES.—The amount of Treasury notes
outstanding on the Ist inst. was 7,264,640 dols.
The New York Commercial Advertiser stales, on the
authority of a private letter, that the sum paid
by the Belgian Government for the steamer British
Queen was 70,00C1. It does not appear to what use this
vessel is to be applied.
FROM YucATAN.—Our dates from this new Republic
are to the 3d ult. A Congress was soon to assemble
under the new Constitution, who would have power to
make a treaty with Mexico, and to decide whether the
province should maintain her independence,_ or unite her-
self again with the mother-country. The election of
Senators had just taken place.

CASE OF MR. M'LEOD AND THE BOUNDARY

LINE.
(Further Particulars received by the Britannia.)
M•Leod's trial will come on at the session which
begins at Utica on the 27th of September. Chief Jus-
tice Nelson will preside at the trial. The prosecution
will be conducted by the Attorney-General, and the de-
fence of the prisoner by Mr. Spencer. The United
States Government have taken measures to prevent his
maltreatment by private violence. Mr. Webster has ad-
dressed letters to the Sheriff and First Judge of the
county in which the prisoner is confined, informing them
that he had received intimation from parties entitled to
belief, that an attempt would be made to execute upon
McLeod the summary process of Lynch-law, and direct-
ing them to be on their guard to defeat any enterprise
of the kind. The authorities, upon receipt of this in-
formation, immediately organised a patrol, which is con-
tinually on the watch. The Governor of the State also
appears to have taken the affair into his hands. He or-
dered out the military companies of Utica, who consti-
tute the night guard, and a body of one hundred men are
furnished with arms and ammunition, and are ready to
turn out at a moment's notice in case of alarm.

The subject has been again debated in Congress, and
certainly in, a better spirit than on former occasions.
Mr. Floyd's resolution, submitted some time since, has
been brought forward for discussion. Mr. Barnard,
of New York, took occasion to express his
views on the merits of the case. He commented
with great severity upon the weakness indicated by
visiting on a subject the consequences of the acts
performed in obedience to the command of his Sovereign,
and cited from Mr. Stevenson's despatch to Lord Pal-
merston, on the 22d of May, 1838, as evidence of the
nationality of the transaction. It was then and there
charged by the AmCrican Minister as "an invasion of
the territory and sovereignty of an independent nation,
by the armed forces of tifriendly power.' Mr. Barnard
gave Mr. Justice Cowan a severe reprimand, for having
taken occlsion to deliver from the Bench an extra judi-
cial opinion, which he justly considered as a most
grievous fault, and as forestalling public opinion in the
very neighbourhood in which the prisoner was to be
tried by an attempt to controvert the very positions on
which his defence rests. _ _ _

Mr. Ex-President Adams stated that he was opposed
to multiplying issues with Great Britain. We had
one issue with that country (he was understood to
refer to the boundary question) where we were clearly
in the right and she was clearly in the wrong ; and,
if we must fight, we had better fight about such
a question than about one where we were in the
wrong ; for he desired to declare, in the face of the
country and the world, his opinion, that, in regard to
the affair of the Caroline, a due consideration of all the
circumstances might lead to the conclusion that we were
in the wrong. The question was, and always would be,
who struck the first blow ? The British, it is true,
burnt the boat and killed a man. But the ques-
tion is, what was the boat about, and what was the man
doing in the boat ? The boat was engaged in hostile
acts against Great Britain, it was employed in transport-
ing men and arms to Navy Island, in aid of an insurrec-
tion against the British authorities in Upper Canada.
We might go to war on this matter ; and, after the
blood and treasure of the nation had been expended in
support of it, we should have a peace. And what then ?
The question would still be, who struck the first blow ?
And were we sure we could find among all the Chris-
tian nations an umpire who would not say that we had
been all the while in the wrong
Mr. AdaLns then spoke of another issue which had
been attempted to be made—viz., in relation to the
casepar-
vtiecrueldarbyJudge e
oflliLmevoadn., He spoke of the opinion deli-
of the New York Court, in this
case, and declared his dissent from that opinion in strong
terms,lis andi he
ertay friendsullde from d to theom Nev
sentimentsNYorkon that expreast sedby
some of
floor,
t'.) the same purport and effect as that opinion, with em-
phatic disapprobation. New York had been called the
•'Empire" State, but he said Delaware is as much an
" empire State as New York ; and he regarded it as
both wrong and dangerous, when personswere
heard to
declare on that floor, and in the other end of the
capitol, that New York would try M'Leod, and, if
found guilty, would hang him ; and all because
New York was the "Etnpire " State ! Nobody had pro-
posed to interfere with New York, or the Courts of New
York ; but, by some process, l'..‘Leod ought to be re-
leased, and the President had done no more than his duty
in sending the Attorney-General into New York on this
subject. There was not an enlightened nation on earth
that would not decide against this idea of holding indi•
viduals responsible in a case like this. And the manage-
ment of the whole case belonged to this Government ;
for it was a national matter, anal, if a war grew out of it,
it was not New York that was to maintain war, but the
blood and treasure of the whole nation Must maintain it.
There is no confirmation of the reports relative to
any collision between the parties engaged in the
boundary surveys. Mr. Adams's speech seems to
show the opinion generally entertained on the subject
of the north-eastern boundary question. The
matter has not been made the subject of Congres-
sional action. The Bangor Whig of a late date states that
the United States troops have started to occupy the posts
at the Aroostook and Fish River. The first detach-
ment are said to be provided with all the necessary im-
plements for clearing the roads and erecting suitable mi-
litary quarters and barracks. The same paper expresses
a hope that as the 'United States will soon be upon the
territory, there will be no " backing out" until the mat-
ter is settled. Accounts of the Maine election
render it almost certain that the democratic candidate