The Sun.
London, England, 1847-07-26 00:00:00

i,!4r tening

LONDON. MONDAY. JULY 26, 1847.

Nothing whatever can now justify the Liberal
electors of the United Kingd..m in procrastination.
The time of preparation has departed—the time of
action has arrived. Electioneering addresses from the
different candidates have been already transmitted to
the principal constituencies. It, therefore, devolves
upon the possessors of the franchise to discriminate
between the qualifications of those candidates, and to
proclaim their choice at the hustings and the polling
booths with independence, with promptitude, and with It has seldom fallen to our lot to notice a more un•
unanimity. Within this present week several of the justifiable, and in every respect injudicious docutnent,
most important borough elections will be decided, than that which has emanated from the grand jury of
Consequently it behoves every one individually to the county of Clare, under the date of the 16th of
continue on the alert—to allow no advantage to es- July instant. A severe censure is attempted to be
cape through indolence or indecision— to sustain his passed on the Government for their conduct in regard
enthusiasm in the cause of Liberality up to the very to the several measures adopted for the relief of the
denouement of the contest. Any abatement in that distress that pre.ailedin every district with such fear-
enthusiasm may he disastrous to his own interests, ful universality. In furtherance of this attempt the
body and prejudicially affect the interest of the whole entire circumstances of the case are apparently for-
of his fellow-countrymen, by dimini'hing the gotten. It would naturally be supposed, on reading
strength of the popular majority in the House of the ' the statement, that the Government had compelled
national representatives. The axiom of the illus- the resident landowners to adopt these measures; that
trims Junius
must not for an they were forced most unwillingly, and in opposition to
instant escape from
our recollection ;
we must remember that we are' their urgent and oft-repeated protests, to assent to the
struggling not for the benefit of " faction, or of party, :
1 introduction of public works into their districts; :hat
or of any private individual;' but for advancement 1
they had themselves, as the owners and representa-
the entire population. In 1841 the people were de- of the rights and the extension of the immunities of'fives of the property principally responsible for the
1
maintenance said support of the people, fully and
luded by the clamours of a body,,obsolete 1 in character, I efficiently performed their duties, and provided the
and unstable in its association. A commercial and emp 1o..) meet that was so much required in that season
Political reaction delivered the whole
legislative
i
of destitution and suffering, or at least that they had
authority into the hands of the Conservatives, in i not in any degree contributed to the mischiefs occa-
whose estimation the cries for constitutionai reforms ; sinned b the extraordinary extent of the public
were little less culpable than the yells of a flagrant i works, aynd the consequent demoralization of the
sedition. In 1841 the terror entertained at the mere . idleness and
people by the creation of habits of
suggestion of an abolition of the c.rn- aws, and of the fraud, which the grand jury •'has so patheticially be-
restrictive duties levied upon importations, was almost :
reswailed in their resolution. This is certainly bad
universal ; and for the assuagement of those pre-
enough, but what follows is indeed far worse—so
House of Commons were -
dominant fears the seats in the
entirely and manifestly false and without foundation,
to the upholders of
awarded almost unconditionally d that ' falsehood so easily and so imme-
has since then an
Protection. During the interval which . diately discoverable, so readily to be refuted,
t free trade
elapsed all the erroneous prejudices agains
have been dissipated. The of logic, diffused by_ that any body of gentlemen could be induced to
the polish of oratory, has scattered the darkness of sanction the publication of such statements, which
ignorance which had been hitherto prevalent upon the must affix an indelible stigma on every person who
great problem of political economy. Not only has participated therein. They deliberately assert " that
this light penetrated among the shopkeepers and agri- at the commencement of the session the Secre-
calturists of England, but it has carried conviction
even to the tart' for Ireland declared that the calamity with
judgments of our most distinguished which PROVIDENCE has afflicted us (the Irish)
statesmen. The reason, therefore, which consigned should be viewed as an
„imperial calamity and
met by
the supreme power of the Government to the Con- imperial resources ; and added, " that the
servatives is no longer in existence. In 1841 it lived course now about to be pursued, which makes the
only in a delusion and a misapprehension. In 1847 land of Ireland liable for a moiety of all the money
the suffrages of the people are again at their disposal, applied under the ,Labour-rate Act, is in direct con-
Aritkostiany such delusion or misapprehension as was - d 1 ation "
r
AIMS
..:,.t,„.zubollied in the.protectave system, to cloud tradiction to that declaration."
ar •
becu solemnly

\.
•

put forward, it is right that the real facts of, the case
should be simply stated, in order that the public might
judge the degree of credence to which twenty-three
gentlemen of property, selected from the most re-
spectable inhabitants of the county, and forming its
grand inquest, are entitled.

When towards the close of the last session of
Parliament the existence of the mysterious disease,
the sad calamity which involved Ireland in such
misery and wretchedness, became known, although
its full extent could not then be even guessed
at, the Ministry, with the most praiseworthy
promptitude and decision, brought forward and ob-
tained the legislative sanction to a measure by which
the Lord-Lieutenant was authorised to appoint
special sessions to be held in any district where
distress existed. These sessions were enabled
to approve of, and to pass presentments
for such public works, as might appear to be of local
or national utility, and the money required to carry
the same into execution was to be provided by the
national exchequer ; but the whole of these advances
were to be charged upon the several districts, and to
be repaid by instalments, spread over a period of ten
years. Fortunately it was provided that the works
so presented for should receive the sanction of the
Board of Works before they should be commenced.
It was distinctly and clearly expressed, that every
shilling of the expenditure should he provided for, and
ultimately defrayed by the property in the districts,
and stringent provisions were inserted for the sum-
mary sale of the property of defaulters. Not the
slightest hope or expectation was held out
that any portion thereof would be remitted or
borne by the State. It is almost unnecessary to say,
in how different a spirit that statute (the Labour-rate
Act) was acted on from that contemplated by the
Legislature. It was immediately regarded as the
sole means by which the able-bodied labourers of
the country were to be supported. Private individuals
suspended the undertakings they had previously
been carrying on. Labourers were discharged
who had usually received permanent employment;
that which was intended as, and would have proved
a most valuable auxiliary was, in a great degree, de-
prived of its efficiency and value by being made the
only means. A general congratulation ran through
the country because no limitation was placed on the
amount to be provided. Every proposition
was hailed with boisterous acclamation, and
carried without a semblance of opposition,
the slightest vestige of which was at once over-
whelmed by clamour, violence, and every species of
intimidation. A day of reckoning was wholly for-
gotten in the joy and exultation of getting English
money into the country. In some districts present-
ments were passed to the extent of five or six times
the annual value of the property out of which the
advances therefor were to be repaid. The Board of
Works happily pared down and reduced this wanton
extravagance to the utmost limits ; but still, when
760,000 able-bodied labourers were driven to road-
making, as the only way of obtaining a means of live-
lihood in the absence of their usual mode of employ-
ment, a large expenditure was unavoidable. After
a time the landlords began to find out that
it would be much pleasanter for themselves if that
labour was employed on their lands—if they were to
be drained, cultivated, and cropped by the nation,
while they stood by with folded arms and reaped all
the benefit. This was, of course, too absurd ; but
the late estimable Lord-Lieutenant, anxious to take
away the slightest ground of complaint, on his respon-
sibility and trusting to a Parliamentary indemnity,
enabled presentments to be made for the improvement
of private property, whereon the owner undertook to
repay the entire amount of these presentments. This,
however, did not suit the gentlemen complaining, who
wished to get everything without any return. It is
well known how few availed themselves of the privilege
thus accorded, or made application for presentments.
On the meeting of Parliament, when detailing the un-
fortunate manner in which the labour-rate had been
carried into execution, and the enormous expenditure
in consequence, the Secretary for Ireland stated
that to a certain extent the Irish famine should be
regarded as a national calamity, and that the Ali-
nistry had therefore decided on recommending the
Legislature to remit one-half the amount, and only
to charge the remaining moiety on the several dis-
tricts ; and this is the declaration that is now at-
tempted to be tortured into a totally* different meaning
by the veracious grand jury of the county of Clare.
We regret to find that any Irish gentleman can be
found to act in such a manner as to justify an unwil
lingness in this country again to interfere in their
behalf, or to make advances which the recipients of
their bounty are so unwilling to repay.

The debate on the Sonderbund, or Catholic League,
was resumed at Berne on the 20th, at nine in the
morning, and lasted with great animation till six in
the evening. The Liberal party obtained the ma-
jority. It was resolved by 42 states and two half
states—first, to declare the Sonderbund dissolved—
and secondly, that this decision shall be obligatory
on the Cantons of the League. The Cantons which
voted in favour of these resolutions were Zurich
Soleure, Schaffhousen, Argau, Tessino, Geneva,,
Vaud, Thurgau, Grisons, Appenzell-Interior, Bale-
Country, Glaris, and Berne. St. Gall and the Crri
suns, which had reserved their decisions, also gave
their assent. Lucerne, the Valais, and Zug inserted
a protest on the minutes.

We learn from Rome that Cardinal FERETTI, the
POPE'S new Secretary of 'State, arrived there on the
14th. Mgr. RUSCONI is nominated Under-Secretary
of State in the room of M. CORBOLI BUSSI. Prince
RosriGuosi is made Commander-in-Chief of the
National Guard of Rome. Prince Oastrii is con-
firmed as senator. On the 11th there was another
marked demonstration of the popular feeling, on the
occasion of transporting the statue of Pius IX. to
ti,e Piazza del Polopo, where it is to be erected.
The enthusiasm was ev.,n greater than on the anni-
versary of the accession.

A letter from Rome, dated the 18th, says—" There
is a most extraordinary report current at Rome which
has excited great agitation. It states nothing less
than the discovery of a conspiracy, at the head of
hich was a Cardinal held in great suspicion by the
people. I dare not mention the projects attributed to
the conspirators until they are in some degree
officially made public. It is affirmed that at this
Moment several great personages are being arrested,
and that they will be sent in the course of the day to
the Castle of St. Angelo."

Intelligence from Lisbon to the 19th, and from
Oporto to the 21st, has been received by the Penin-
sular and Oriental Company's steam-ship Iberia,
which arrived this morning at Southampton.
The Algarve Battalion of Queen's troops have been
behaving in such an outrageous manner to the officers
of Des ANTAS, who were released from Fort St.
Julian on the 10th, that the British Minister has
called upon the QUEEN to have the Algarve Battalion
instantly removed from the capital.

A part of SALDANHA'S army have returned to
Lisbon. They were met on the way by King FER-
DINAND, who placed a wreath of laurel in the colours
of the regiment. A more appropriate mode of re-
warding the valour of those who did not take Oporto
could scarcely be imagined. King FERDINAND is
the worthy who at St. Übes (like the King of FRANCE
at the head of 20,000 men), " rode up a hill and then
rode down again," the said riding down again taking
Place before the troops of SA DA BANDEIRA had ad-
vanced within " long shot" distance.

General CONCHA and his staff arrived in Lisbon on
the 14th, and after a stay of a few days returned to
his army.

The following proclamation has been issued by
SALDANHA

" Comrades! the authority of her Majesty is now re-
established throughout the entire kingdom. The faith-
ful troops ai:d loyal subjects of her Majesty, in
cobjuuction with the powerful and efficacious co-opera-
tion of ber allies, have clearly demonstrated, even
to the most incredulous, that her throne is Equally
shielded from the assaults of republicans and the attacks
of despotism.
Tne pacification of the country is complete, and
order is no longer likely to be disturbed, for a loyal
army, constant in its devotedness to her Majesty the
Queen, guarantees to the authorities a force necessary to
maintain it.
"Comrades ! my gratitude to you will be eternal! for
the confidence, fur the willing spirit with which you have
served with me.
Betura weseparate, and with the enthusiasm which
has ever an,inated us, let us once more nuke the welkin
tin g with our hvr Ma'est • the Queen and the
e°1"4114°3141 chairser. Vi' ag Yo: btr Blejt:(00y

Madrid papers of the 19th have arrived.

The Gaceta states that the documents published by
the Faro (the Afrancesado organ), purporting to be
the correspondence between Senor PACHECO and Mr.
BULWER, on the affairs of Portugal, are forgeries ;
and that the real correspondence will be published
officially in a few days.
The Heraldo states that. General ALzAA, who was
arrested at Bayonne, was the bearer of orders to
General VILLAREAL, the Carlist Commander-in-Chief
in Navarre, to take measures to strike an immediate
blow. The Captain-General of Catalonia, General
PAVIA, defeated a Carlist band at Torre del Espanol
on the 11th, and took one of their commanders pri-
soner. In Burgos, Toledo, and Gerona the Qut-en's
troops have likewise succeeded in dispersing various
Carlist bands.

The QUEEN has left Madrid for La Granja, and
the KING has arrived in the capital. TheirMAJEsTIEs
did not meet, and it is said that General CottuovA
has waited on the KING from the Minister of War,
with an order prohibiting his MAJESTY from taking
up his resid nce in the Palace.

Senor BRAVO MuaiLLo has been dispatched to
Paris to consult M. GuizoT and General NARVAEZ.

The Faro says it was reported that the Union
Bank was desirous of backing out of its contract for
taking the Treasury bills of 100,000,000 reals, and
that many of the shareholders of the Bank had assem-
bled to protest against it. The shares of the Bank
had declined in value.

It is said that Don ENIBQUE, who is at Bagneres
de Luehon, has offered himself to the Span;:4h Go-
vernment as a mediator between Queen ISABELLA
and her consort, Don FRANCISCO DE Asses. He
has at the same time written to his brother, urging
him to reunite himself to the QUEEN. The Spanish
Government has not yet returned any answer to the
Prince. It is added that Don ENRIQUE has written
also in energetic terms to his father Don FRANCISCO,
protesting against the projected marriage between the
Infanta JOSEPHA and General Porm.r.r.o.
The Correo, notwithstanding the denial of the
Duke of SOTOMAYOR and his colleagues, maintains
that during the latter period of the Sotomayor Mi-
nistry, the KING usurped all authority in the palace
to such an extent, that he would not allow any one to
enter the QUEEN'S apartment, or have an interview
with her MAJESTY, without his permission.

MADRID BOLSA, JULY 19.—The Three per Cents.
were done at 26t for cash; the Five per Cents. at 17k
for paper; and the De bt without interest at si.

We have received the Paris papers of Friday and
Saturday.

The Mon;teur publishes a royal ordonnance,
founded on the decision of the Chambers, proroguing
till the 31st of January next the laws of the 28th
Jan and 24th Feb. last, relative to the importation
and transport of corn.

It also contains an account of the destruction by
explosion, on the-21st inst., of the marine storehouses
situated at the extremity of the arsenal of Rochefort,
from which they were separated by a canal. Ac-
cording to the list given to the Prefect, there were
14 artillerymen and civilians in the stores at the
time of the explosion. Two of the artillerymen and
four civilians escaped without serious injury. Thir-
teen dead bodies were conveyed to the hospital, to-
gether with four wounded, one of whom died imme-
diately. The fire, which raged during three hours
after the explosion, was finally extinguished. The
most perfect order prevailed during the fire, and the
operatives employed in the dockyard exerted them-
selves to the utmost to extinguish the fire. The
cause of the calamity has not been ascertained.
The trial of M. PELLAFRA took place before the
Chamber of Peers on Friday. In reply to a question
from the Chancellor, the accused gave the following
account of the part which he had taken in the cor-
ruption of M. TESTS :
" I was requested by M. Cubiii es to take some steps
with M. Teste to entreat him to hasten tSe concession,
Which had been applied tor the mines of Gouhenans. I
saw M. Teste on the business without thinking that
should have to occupy mv,eli with corruption, and I
represented to him that the persons interested in the
leHießnepturiteitaedkitt'ehesbares
affair were very anxious to obtain the largest concession
pi .ssible, and, above all, to ohtein it before the vacations.
M. T. ste replied that (-very affair could only come in its
turn, and in the course. of the conversation he told me
his word facilitated to me an overture,
that he regarded the tunes of Uouhenans as an excel-
-I:llnitcalifflllll.r.Cubieres had made to me, that the parties
pers..n. I committed the grave fault, I con •
were ready to make a sacrifice, if there were shales to
give some
stotmiesay to the Mitaster, 'lf you think the affair
but have no money;' on which I said,
good, why should you not take an interest in it?' He
:sype(Ts-ible that you may not be asked for any.'
ime M. mnies,""PlP'have reflected well; I can
Tecs,t,teivLrisdattito
in an affair of dthfis)ritiahfautrdea;yl,.
p,A,,fne:ttre-
ceiving the value of the shares. Have you any disos-
able funds?' I replied to M Teste that a turd of
100 0001. had been creattd. This is all the part that I
tot,k m this unhappy affair up to the day when I gave to
M. Teste the value of the shares."

subsequent part of the proceedings M.
PL gave an account of the ultimate disposal of
thEeDlOArOiFil,aoo a
01., the investment of which led to the dis-
covery of the means of convicting M. TESTE. TLe
accused said—

" When I
and
ave to M. Teqe the 100,000 frgaancs, which
he
had been promised to him, he put the sum into his
drawer. Some days afterwards I saw him again,
said—My dear Mend, as you are willing to be' my
banker, employ this sum for the one which it in my
drawer. I had purchased some time before bills in Paris
for a sum not of 93,000 f., but 122,0001'. I showed them
to M. Teste, saint, see' if "theft) is anything there that
will suit you. Ile r. p ied, I want from 7,000 f. to B,ooot.
for some urgent expenses. I will take for 93,000 f. Dis-
count them and purchase Treasury bills with the money.
" The Chancelior--,What was the amount paid by you
to, M. Teste?
" at. Pellapra-100.000f. in bank notes.
"The Chancellor—Of this sum M. Teste retained
B,ooof. for urgent xpenses?
" M. Pellapra-7-000 and some hundred francs.
"Some more papers were here shown to M. Pellapra.
" The Chancellor—The sum of 94,000 f. was employed
by ycu in Treasury hills. Amongst those which have
just been shown to you, there are some of two dates; the
first are to your order, the second to the order of M.
Chides Teste, son of the Minister. You had then en-
dorsed the first to his order?
" M. Pellapra—Treasury bills are almost always ea -
dorsed in blank, and circulate like commercial bills.
"The Chancellor—You acknowledge your participa-
tion in these opt rations of placing the funds for the ac-
count of M. Teste?"
The Court, on Saturday, pronounced a verdict of
guilty, and sentenced M. PELLAPRA to civil degra-
dation, and a fine of ten thousand francs. The fine
was paid and the accused discharged.
The Presse takes the opportunity of the conviction
of PELLAPRA to reiterate the charges brought by M.
EMILE DE GIRARDIN against M. DUCHATEL, and
to demand a judicial investigation.
The Gazette des Tribunaus
says—" We hear that
the health of M. TLSTE is not recovering from the
violent shuck which he experienced from the last dis-
cussions in the Court of Peers. Since his arrival at
the Conciergerie he appears threatened with cerebral
congestion. Applications of ice to the head have
been employed, but without the success that was ex-
pected."

The Chamber of Deputies, on Friday, passed the
Government Loan Bill. The Dieppe and Fecamp
Railway Bill, the Lyons and Avignon, the Versailles
and Chartres, and the Montereau and Troyes Rail.
way Bills have likewise beat paned by the Gbamber,

Donna Maria Segunda. Viva the Allied Sovereigns. The session may be considered as virtually at an
Viva the Constitutional Ch the Kinly, our end, although the Peers will sit a few days longer.
bravel'ommander7in-Qhi.f. Viva chi. Price... Royal and
M. TALanor, the great mine contractor, against
the-Roy'al Family. Viva General Concha. Viva the ,
Army of. her Most. Catholic Majesty. Viva the loyal whom the Courrier Francais has brought certain ac-
troops of our own gallant army.
•• DUQUE DE SALDANHA." cusations respecting the conce,sion of mines in
Algeria, was, some days since, elected one of the ten
The English steam-ship Terrible has been dis-
candidates to be presented to the KING from among
patched to Angola, to bring back the Tares Vedras
rthoin his MAJESTY was to chiiiHe the colonel of the
prisoners.
second legion of national guards of Paris. M.
The America frigate, with some English and
HaLrHEN the mayor of the second district, being
-Spanish steamers, has just gone to reduce Madeira ;I aware that according to ordinary routine M. TALABOT
and the Azores.
would be appointed, waited on the Minister of
It is said that a change of Ministry is imminent,
I the Interior, to request the postponement of such
and the Count 'JAMBI() and Senhor FONSECA
appointment until the result of the action brought
MAGELIIAES will be members of the new Cabinet.
by M. TALABOT against the Courrier Fray xis should
The Iberia fell in with the English brig Jane, of
be knon. The Mini-ter refused the request, and
Leith,,GoßLE, master, laden with Indian ccrn, from
appointed M TALABOT, upon which M lIALPHEN
Salonichi, bound to Liverpool, in a sinking state in
Cadiz Bay. She had a signal of distress flying, and and hi- adjoint resigned.
The Journal des Debate, of Saturday, has the fol-
was four miles from Cadiz, for which port she was
making. Her crew were exhausted from the fatigue lowing comparison between Sir R. PEEL and Lord J.
of pumping. RUSSELL :
Ships of War lying at Gibraltar—The Virago,
I " Sir Robert Peel is in advance not only of his party,
but liKewise of public opinion. If he had any preten-
Portuguese brig-of-war Serra de Pilar, and cutter slum; to return to office. it is probable that he would not
Conde de Thomar. At Lisbon Her Majesty's ships • thusou cot ittbnprornis(et
,huitnsleilce ibbustehl,ceis
aeut
present c• mpletely
Hibernia, Trafald he waits his op_
gar, Superb, Canopus, and Bull Dog porturot). e "Lori John Russ, 11, less disinter, sled in tbe
steamer;
A r Spanishin Isabella II.; and French question, consults and follows the current of public
frigate
edee. frigate
eporto—Her Majesty's frigate
ensuing elec i .as
and it appearsla
t thatt
at hime
and America,brig, steamers Polyphemus II
cf shgrievdes and paters,mpBjuullrilil'on all sites at once, and
representing ail the parties to which he is at present
Nautilus
addressing hi.nselt —viz., the Protectionists, who de-
test Sir Robert Peel ; the Conservatives, who wish to
maintain the Protestant Constitution- ; and the Liberals,
Gladiator. and
who cannot forget that the descendant of the Russ.lls
is the most illustrious anti the most beloved of their
party, the author of the Reform Bill, and hitherto the
defender and the patron of the religious dissenters of ail
denominations."
The body of Mr. O'CoNNELL reached Havre on
Thursday, where it was depo sited in the Church of
Notre Dame.
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on
Saturday, at 771. 45c.; the Five per Cents., 118 f. 30c.; the
Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,2601. ; Rouen, 971 f 25c. ; Havre,
642 E 50e. ; Great Northern, 5661. 25c.; Avignon, 5971: 50c. ;
Vierzon, 5521. 50c. ; Bordeaux, 475 f. ; Boulogne, 3451. ;
Troyes and Montereau, 2601.; Dieppe, 3001.; Basle, 182 f.
50c. ; Paris and Strasburg, 4071. 50c. ; Tours and Nantes,
3901 ; Paris and Lyons, 4101 ; Lyons and Avignon, 435 t. ;
Bordeaux and Cette, 4571. 50c.; Spanish Three per Cents.,
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE,JuLY 24.

Boulogne and Amiens, 141/2—Namur and Liege, 61/11—
Northern of France, 124(3—Orleans and Bordeaux, 55ii
Paris and Lyons, 43/4 —Rouen and Havre, 25.