The Sun.
London, England, 1824-09-14 00:00:00

STATE OF BUENOS-AYRES.

We yesterday gave a brief description of the
present condition of Mexico, as it could be gathered from a
series of five or six weeks of the journals published in that re-
public. We have since received materials which would enable
us to give a similar outline of the state of the provinces On the
Rio de la Plata, and we should have much pleasure in doing
so, did not the able and candid statement of Ribadavia, publish-
ed i❑ this journal about a month ago, render such an under.
taking superfluous. We cannot, however, refrain from briefly
alluding to the contents of the file of the Argos, a Buenos Ayres
paper, now before us. This part of Spanish America was the
first to throw off the yoke of colonial bondage, and has been the
most persevering and successful in maintaining its independ-
ence. From the year 1010, to the present hour, it has not seen
a single hostile Spaniard on its coasts, and during those thur-
teen years of trial, has shown, both by the maintenance of its
amicable relations with the rest of the world, and the generally
judicious management of its internal affairs, that it was worthy
of the freedom which it had acquired. The file of papers be-
fore us, which include those of June, relate in their political
matter principally to two topics—the defence of the Republic
from foreign aggression, and the settlement of its internal Ga.
vernment.—( Times. )

DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS.
The Argos of the Ist of June contains an announcement of
the arrival of the official papers, presented to the British Par-
liament at the beginning of March, on the relations between
Legitimate Europe, and Insurgent America. The publication
of these documents seemed to have created a kind of sensation in
the IA Plata, and to have increased the partiality both of the
people and the Government towards the English Cabinet. They
are faithfully given in two successive numbers of the Argos, both
in their original English dress, and in a Spanish translation.
The sentiments manifested by the Ambassador of France, in
his conference with Mr. Canning respecting Spanish America,
continued to keep alive the jealousy entertained towards the
political conduct of that power. In this state of mind it scarcely
required the fabulous vigilance of the Argos to discover French
Government spies or French political intriguers in the (perhaps)
innocent merchant or adventurer who had the misfortune to
live under the Holly Alliance principles which directed the in-
vasion of Old Spain. Accordingly, We find an account in the
paper of the Ist of June, of the certain existence in Buenos-
Ayres of a French cavellier, " who had acted as an agent of
police in Paris." The patriotic journrlist alludes with serious
alarm to the arrival of this agent of despotism, and points out
his arrest and banishment as an exploit worthy of a republican
policd. The same jealous vigilance discovers another agent of
France in a M. de la Sune, who had a year ago paid a visit to
Buenos-Ayres in the command of a French ship of war, and
who, according to reports which reached the Rio de la Plata
from Brazil, now holds a kind of roving commission from the
French Government to all the new republican governments in
Spanish America. The editor of the Argos very properly de-
sires his countrymen to be on their guard against this man and
his attendants, who (according to him) are employed to take
plans of their cities and fortresses. "If you come as a friend,"
says a certain character to Apollo in a Greek play, " why that
bow?" " If you mean peace," says the editor of the Buenos
Ayres Argos, why these military engineers ?" Although the
whole of the rumour regarding the presence of the French spies
in South America may be unfounded, we think that the perfi-
dious conduct of the French Cabinet, in its recent invasion of
Strain, and its mysterious acquiescence in the principles of the
Holy Alliance respecting South America, justify the strongest
suspicions on the part of the new republics. While the eastern
coast is guarded with a proper suspicion of European aents
of despotism, the Republic of Buenos Ayres is not insensible to
the dangers that eareaten the tranquillity, if not the independ-
ence, of its western provinces from the political dissen-
sions and civil warfare of Peru. Accordingly we are told, in
an article dated June 5, that preparations were making
at Salta to resist any attempt on the part of the enemy's
vanguard. An auxiliary force had been sent from Tu-
cuman to that province, with artillery and ammunition,
and the province of Cordova was to follow the example in send-
ing a squadron of cavalry. "We are authorized," adds the
journalist, " to state that circular letters have been addressed
to all die Governments of our territory, requiring men for the
army which is to be organized at Buenos Ayres, in addition to
that forming at Salta for the common safety ; and that in the
plan adopted, a provision is made for remunerating every man
who shall join the ranks for this object." In the paper of the
Bth of June we see another proof of the watchful attention di-
rected by the people of Buenos Ayres to the events happening
on their western frontier. The movements of Olaneta are there
alluded to with great interest; but as no date is given, we can
derive from the passage no precise knowledge of the state of
matters in Peru. The same paper informs us, that on the
4th of June the Government of Buenos Ayres addressed a note
to the Hall of Representatives, reminding them of the state of
things in Europe and Peru, and pointing out to them the ne-
cessity of taking such steps as were calculated to secure their
independence against all aggression. For this purpose, the
Government, after communicating with the Executive Power
in Peru, Chile, and Colombia, had entered into an agreement with
the Governor of the province of Salta to organize there a regular
force, to act us the vanguard of a defensive army. The Govern-
ment of that province entered with zeal into the project. Anus,
and every kind of ammunition, were, in consequence of this
agreement, to be supplied to Salta, beside a monthly allowance
of 1,509 dollars. This not appearing sufficient, a regular force
of three squadrons of cavalry were to be sent to Salta, and
maintained at the expense of the General Government. The
Hall of Representatives sanctioned these and other measures
for defending the Repuhlic on the side of Peru. Among the
defensive measures taken by the Government of Buenos Ayres
may be reckoned its eager disposition to cultivate the friend-
ship and secure the alliance of this country. Accordingly, we
find in the paper of the 9th of June a circular of Mr. Riba-
davia, addressed to the provinces, informing them of the ar-
rival of Mr. Woodbine Parish as his Britannic Majesty's Con-
sul-General to Buenos Ayres, and of the appointment of Mr.
linnet, the respectable merchant of London, to act in the
same capacity for the state of Buenos Ayres in England.
ltibadavia takes occasion in the circular to state, with great
precision, the question of American independence, both as it ap-
pears to the Government of England, and the Cabinets of the
Holy Alliance.