The Sun.
London, England, 1847-05-13 00:00:00

1.

LONDON, TH URSDAY V! V
G SIT NI

THE UNITED KINGDOM ARTESIAN
WATER COMPANY.
Capital 500,0001., In 50,000 Shares of 101. each.
Deposits 7s. 6d. per Share.
Provisionally Registered, pursuant to 7th and Bth Victoria, chap.
110; and Notices, Specifications, &c., for an Act of Incorporation
served on the Woods, Forests, and Land Revenues, pursuant to 9th
and 10th Victoria, chap. 106.

"44 Bonus Bonus in igg Assured
U Premium' ,12 added. Cash. cg g may
p: 3 Borrow.
1837 £217 15 14100 011 £l6 0 4 £445 0 0
X Xs. d. 1838 192 30, 87 1 4 13 10 2; 395 11 1
60 1000 3 4 1839 165 11 10 74 1 9 11 3 1 34 . 2 3
1840 116 7 G 54 0 101 718 10/ '296 13 4
1841 111 6 11; 49 10 01 710 4! 247 4 8

- -
The division of profits is aannal. and the next will be mode in
ecember of the present year.
F. FERGUSON CAPIROUX. Secretary.

THE EXPERIENCE_ LIFE ASSURANCE
COMP.
Edinburgh, 15, George-street. London, 58
Established 1843, Xing Willlare-street.
.
Capital 300,0001.
This Company's Tables are based upon the EXPERIENCE OF
THE SEVEN TEEN LIFE OFFICES,as contained in the Report
of their Mortality published in 1843. The Company embraces, is
its constitution, the advantages of both the mutual and proprietary
systems of Assurance. The SHORT PERIOD RATES will be found,
in comparison with other Companies, to be exceedingly favourable t•
Insurers, and the rates for the whole period of life as low as is
consistent WITH PERFECT SECURITY.

_ .
For prospectuses, &e., apply at the offices as above, or to any of
the Agents throughout the kingdom.
By order of the Directors,

T. YUILLE WA-16ROP, secretary.

STEAM to ABERDEEN, INVERNESS, and
the NORTH of SCOTLAND.
The Aberdeen Steam Navigation Company's splendid and power-
ful ships will start as under, weather, &c., permitting :
For ABERDEEN, the CITY OF LONDON, on Saturday, May
17, at Ten, Morning.
For INVERNESS, the DUKE OF SUTHERLAND (New Iron
Steam-Ship), on Monday, May 24, at Nine, morning, calling off
Burgbead, Invergordon, Cromarty, and Chanonry Point.
Offices: Spread Radio, Regent-circu., or 257, Wapping.
CHARLES WILLIAM WILLOUGHBY, Agent.

CARSON'S ORIGINAL ANTI-CORROSION
PAINT, specially patronised by the British and other Go-
vernments, the Honourable East India Company, the principal
Dock Companies. most public bodies, and by the Nobility, Gentry,
and Clergy, for out-doo work at their country scats. The Anti-
Corrosion is particularly recommended as the most durable out-
door paint ever invented, for the preservation of every description
of iron, wood, sons, brick, compo, cement, &c., work, as has been
proved by the practical test of upwards of 60 years, and by the nu-
merous testimonials (between 300 and 400) in its favour, and which,
from the rank and station in society of those who have given them,
have, perhaps, never yet been equalled by anything of the kind
hitherto brought before the public notice.
Lists of prices, colours, and other particulars, will be forwarded on
application to Walter Carson, 15, Tokenhouse-Yard, back of the
Bank of England. No agents.

WRITING, BOOK-KEEPING, &c.
Persons of any Age, however bad their Writing, may, in
EIGHT LESSONS, acquire permanently an elegant and flowing
style of Penmanship, adapted either to professional pursuits or pri-
vate correspondence. Arithmetic en a method requiring only one-
third the time usually requisite. Book-keeping, as practised in the
Government, Banking, and Merchants' Offices. Short-hand, &c.
Apply to Mr. SMART, at the Institution, 7, New-street, Covent-
garden.
" Under Mr. Smart penmanship has been reduced to a science."—
Polytechnic Journal.

ON NERVOUS DEBILITY AND GENERATIVE DISEASES.
JUST PUBLISHED, THE THIRTIETH THOUSAND,
An Improved Edition, revised and corrected, 120 pages, price 29., in
a sealed envelope, or forwarded, post-paid, to any address, secure
from observation, for 2s. 6d. in postage stamps, illustrated
with numerous Anatomical Coloured Engravings,
A H • 0 0 D:
M The Causes of its Premature Decline ; with Plain Direc-
tions for its Perfect Restoration.
A Medical Essay on those diseases of the generative organs,
emanating from solitary and sedeitary habits, indiscriminate ex-
cesses, the effects of climate, and infection, &c., addressed to the
sufferer in youth, manhood, aid old age ; with practical remarks on
marriage, the treatment and cure of nervous and mental
debility, impotency, syphilis, and other urino-genital diseases.
by which even the most shattered constitution may be restored, and
reach the full period of life allotted to man. The whole illustrated
with numerous Anatomical Engravings en steel, in colour, explain-
ing the various functions, secretions, and structures of the reproduc-
tive organs in health and disease; aitl instructions for private cor-
respondence ,ca.ses, Ere.

By J. L. CURTIS and 0., Conpulting Surgeons, 7, Frith-street,
Soho-square, London.
IZYIEW OF THE WORK.
" Cuans on Mint-mon. ( Strange). Having for many years been
the standard work on these diseases, its originality is apparent, and
Its perusal breathes consolation and hope to the mind of the patient.,
—Naval and Military Gazette.
Published by the Authors, and may be had at their residence ; sold
also by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street;
Mann, 39, Cornhill, London ; Sowler, 4, St. Ann's-square, Man-
chester; Philip, South Castlo-stree t, Liverpcol ; Campbell, 146,
Argyle-street, Glasgow; Robinson, 11, Greenside-street, Edinburgh;
and in a sealed envelope by all booksellers.
Messrs. CURTIS and CO. are to be consulted daily at their resi-
dence, No. 7, FRITH-STREET, SO,lO-SQUARE, LONDON, and
Patients can have this work privately forwarded them, by initial or
otherwise, to any part of the United Kingdom, direct from the
Authorto 's Residenc
stamp e, or fro
s. m any of the above agents, on remitting
fir.64l, Footage

THE WELLINGTON SURTOUT
CAUTION.—The great success of the Wellington Surtout
having caused several unprincipled persons (against two of whom
proceedings have been commenced) to imitate this registered coat,
although in a material derogatory to its reputation, all persons are
hereby warned that to make any garment (having sleeves) whether
worn by male or female, WITHOUT SHOULDER OR SLEEVE.
TOP SEAMS, whatever may be its shape in other respects, is a
direct infringement of the patentees designs, and will in every case be
visited by an action at law.
Every genuine coat has a stamp bearing the royal arms, with a
number indicative of the size, also the name and address of the
patentee, JAMES FOUGERE, 6, CONDUIT-STREET, REGENT-
STREET, and 11, POULTRY, near the Mansion-House. LONDON,
to imitate which is felony. - •

EAST INDIA HOUSE, MAT 19, 1847.
THE COURT OF DIRECTORS OF THE
EAST INDIA COMPANY do hereby give Notice,
That the RATE of INTEREST payable upon the Company's
Ponds will be from 31. 106. per cent, per annum to 41. 10s. per mat.
per annum from and after THIS DAY.
JAMES C. 'MELVILLE, Secretary.

EAST INDIA HOUSE, MAT 12, 11147.
rHE COURT of DIRECTORS of the EAST
INDIA COMPANY, do hereby give Notice,
That a SPECIAL GENERAL COURT of the said COMPANY
will be held at their [louse in Leadenhall-street, on WEDNESDAY the
26th Instant, at Eleven o'clock in the Forenoon, at the desire of
nine Proprietors of East India Stock, as expressed in the following
Letter, viz.:—

"To he Honourable the Chairman and the Directors of the East
India Company.
" Honourable Sirs,--iire, the uedersigned,Proprietors of East India
Stock, request that your Honourable Court will convene a Special
General Court of Proprietors, at the earliest convenient period, for
the purpose of taking into consideration the acknowledgment re-
turned by the Board of Commissioners for the Affairs of India, to the
Resolution passed by the Special Gene-al Court of Proprietors, held
on the 25th March last, in order that the Court of Proprietors, hav-
ing due reghrd to the responsible trust vested in them by law, may
determine upon the course which it becomes them to adopt on this
extrardinary occasion.

" We have the honour to be, Honourable We,
" Your most obedient !servants,
" ARTHUR JAMES LEWIS.
" JOAN BRIGGS.
" JOHN POYNDEB.
" I. SULLIVAN.
"JOSEPH HUME.
" HOLT MACKENZIE.
" CHAS. FORBES.
" ROBERT J. BAGSTIAW.
" CHAS. GRANT."
JAMES C. MELVILL, Secretary.
London, May 8, 1847.

BEERSELLERS' ANNIVERSARY DINNER.
THE THIRTEENTH ANNIVERSARY
DINNER of the METROPOLITAN NEW PUBLICANS'
PROTECTION SOCIETY". will take place at White Conduit Tavern,
Pentonville, on TUUESDAY, August 5, 1847.
The ANNUAL STEAM-BOAT EXCURSION to the RIVER
.MEDWAY, will take place on TUESDAY, June 8, 1847.
Office, 51, Threadneedle-street.
J. BISHOP, Secretary.

SOUTH ON ACCIDENTS.
Now ready, foolscap Bvo., price Five Shillings, with Woodcuts,
HOUSEHOLD SURGERY; or, HINTS ON
EMERGENCIES.
13y JOHN F. SOUTH, Surgeon to St. Thomas's Hospital.
EXTRACT FROM AUTHOR'S PREFACE.

" The object of this work is to give some useful hints as to the means
which all people have it in their power to employ when accidents
happen which require immediate attention, and no medical man is at
hand and cannot be obtained for hours. Such cases are neither few
nor unimportant, and many serious consequences, nay, even death,
may be prevented, if a judicious person, having been put on the
track, make use of the simple remedies almost every house affords,"
London : C. Cox, 12, King William-street, Strand.

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
LECTURES in illustration of ANIMAL MECHANISM, by
T. Rymer Jones, Esq., F.R.S., Professor of Comparative Anatomy at
King's College, on Tuesday, Thursday, aud Saturday, at Half-past
Three o'clock. On CHEMISTRY, on Monday, Wednesday, and
Friday Evenings, at Nine, by F. H. Holmes, E+q. On ARTIFICIAL
LIGHT, and the Agents employed in its production, by Dr. Bach-
hoffner. Experiments with ARMSTRONG'S HYDRO-ELECTRIC
MACHINE. The WORKING MODELS and MACHINERY ex-
plained. The varied Optical Effects inelade, New DISSOLVING
VIEWS, the OXY-HYDROGEN MICROSCOPE, &c. EXPERI-
MENTS with the DIVER and DIVING-BELL, &c., &c. The
Evening MUSIC, under the direction of Dr. Wallis, commences at
Seven o'clock.

ship. lam of opinion that if thenavigation laws were re-
pealed, the quantity and amountof British tonnage would
decline. I can show the effect of competition on British
shipping at Rio Janeiro. Tht port of Rio is open to
the ships of all countries. In 1846, 635 vessels, mea-
suring 142,000 tons, entered thst port with cargoes. 01
that number 105 were British *hips, measuring 23,262
tons; 158 were Americans, treasuring 38,400 tons; 1
Argentine; 74 Swedish, measuring 18,680 tons; 34
Austrian, measuring 10,131 tons; 14 Belgian, measur-
ing 3,654 tons; 36 Spanish, measuring 6,637 tons; 10
'Bremen, measuring 2,290t0n5; 1 Chilien, measuring 167
tons; 58 Danish, measuring 12,149 tons; 54 Sardinian,
measuring 8,628 tons ; 3 Dutch, measuring 481 tans ;
23 French, 8 Norwegians, 1 -Oldenburgh, 44 Portu-
guese, 4 Prussians, and 7 Russians. The whole of the
foreign ships measured upwards of 119,000 tons. During
the same period 630 vessels left Rio with cargoes, only
67 of which were British, 28 Austrian, 18 Belgian, 15
Bremen, 54 Danish, 2 Dutch, 22 French, 23 Hamburg,
3 Lubeck, 12 Neapolitan, 6 Norwegian, 45 Portuguese,
4 Prussian 6 Russian, 53 Sardinian, 17 Spanish, and 60
Swedish. If the navigation laws were repealed, British
ships would be as successfully competed with by
foreigners in our colonial trade as they are now
in the trade with Rio. The principal articles of
export from Rio are sugar and coffee, and the chief
articles of import are flour and wine'— the flour
is generally brought from the United States, and
the wine from Portugal. They are brought in vessels
that take in return cargoes. If we cannot compete with
foreigners at Rio now, we could not hope to compete
with them in our colonial trade, if the protection given
by the navigation laws was done away with. The Go
vernment requires us o take seven men and one boy for
ever 100 tons in and five men and ene boy
for ewer, i-00 4n trig. tint ships-
By Admiral Dur&b7t"--We ctadutate the tonnage by the
old measurement.

Admiral Dundas—What is your opinion with regard
to the general characters of the masters and mates in
the merchant service?

Mr. Dunbar—l LArk that they are a very respectable
body of men. I am of opinion it is desirable that masters
and mates should undergo a course of examination before
entering upon service in their respective capacities; but
I think it would be difficult to make a compulsory system.
The masters and mates I myself employ all undergo an
examination with the view of testing their ability in
nautical affairs.

By Mr. Liddell.—The average rate of wages given to
able-bodied seamen in vessels trading to the East Indies
is from 40s. to 455. per month, and the average rate
given to the same class of men in ships trading to Canada
and the north of Europe varies from 555. to 655. per
month. I have taken these as the average rates for the
last five years.

Mr. Ricardo—Can you state the rate of wages given
in any particular ship—say a ship of your own ?
Mr. Dunbar—Yes. My ship the Ramales sailed a few
weeks ago with passengers for Auckland. She is a ship of
635 tons according to the old measurement, and 740 tons
according to the new. The captain's wages (I am now
speaking from memory) are 10/. per month ; but he has
perquisites, 51. per month for finding extras for his
cabin, 2i per cent. on all the freight the ship earns,
and in case she carries passengers, as she did in this in
stance, he " finds" them, and a.lows me one-fourth of
the profit. The chief mate gets 61. per month; the
second mate, 41. 10s.; the third mate, 21. 15s. to 31.; the
steward, 21. 15s. to 31.; the carpenter, 51. to 51. 10s.;
the boatswain, 31.; the cook, 21. 15s. to 31.; and the able
seamen have 21 each. To navigate the Ramalese there
are required, besides the captain, three mates, six petty
officers, twelve able seamen, eleven ordinary seamen, and
five apprentices, makieg a total of thirty-seven persons.
I am perfectly satisfied with the ability and nautical
skill of the captain and the officers of the ship, and I
place every confidence in them.
By Mr. Liddell.—l think that the rates of wages
given to the officers and crew of the Ramales is as low
as they could possibly be placed at, consistently with
the position of the parties.
Admiral Dundas—l ask you, as a landsman, if you
were going to America, and had the choice of two ships,
differently officered, one by men who had undergone an
examination by a board of nautical men, and the other
commanded by persons who had not undergone any
such course of examination—I ask you, which ship
would you prefer sailing in ?
Mr. Dunbar—lf I knew the owners I would as soon
sail in one as in the other.
Admiral Dundas—That is not an answer. As a
stranger to the owners, which ship would you choose
to sail in ?

Mr. Dunbar—l should say that I would go on board
the vessel that was commanded by the officers whose
nautical knowledge had been tested before the board.
By Alderman Thompson—l always make strict in-
quiry with regard to the integrity and ability of masters
and mates before I employ them.
By Mr. Liddell.—During the last twelve months the
lowest contract rate for taking out emigrants to our
colonies was 101. per head, and the highest rate was
under. 14/. per hesA,
Admiral Duidas.—The Government require that
the officers employed in taking out emigrants or convicts
shall have passed an examination on nautical matters.
By Mr. Liddell—I very seldom send out my ships to
Australia with the expectation that they will get return
freights which will pay me. When they cannot get
freights at a remunerative rate I have always ordered
that they shall no on to India. I have known ships to
remain for three months, and even longer, at Sydney
before they could get freights. The freight for wool has
generally averaged from ld. to lid. per lb.; but that is
by no means a remunerating rate ;-lid. per lb. would
be a remunerating freight ; and if my captains cannot
get that rate they take the ships on to India in search of
cargoes. -
By Alderman Thompson_l have never beard of
foreign ships being preferred to British ships at Aus-
trade.
tralia,
or at any of the other ports to which my vessels
By Mr. Liddell_] have heard of a few, very few, ships
sailing from Bremen and Hamburgh with emigrants
to the British colonies; and I have been told that they
are by no means as well provisioned as British emigrant
ships. I was told that a British ship sailed from France
for Rio a few days ago, and that they had on board only
a little meal and barley to feed the crew and passengers.
Mr. Ricardo—Do you know this ?
Mr. Dunbar—I was informed of it by the owner of the
vessel, who is in this room. She is a vessel of 250 tons,
and had 200 emigrants on board. She was not provided
with a medicine
have already described.
By Mr. Liddell—The Emigration Commissioners have
made out a scale for the regulation of passengers, and
the provisioning of them. Under that scale the expense
of providing each of the emig
from
to rants with water, medical
amounts
comforts, and berths, 71. Bs. to 74 12s.
per head.
By Mr. Ricardo—I do not think that foreign ships
taking out emigrants to the British colonies are obliged
to comply with the regulations of the Emigration Com-
missioners.

By Mr. Liddell—.I do not believe that emigrants can
be conveyed from this country to Australia at a less ex-
pense than I have stated.
By Mr. Villiers—I send my ships from Australia on
to India in ballast, because I considered that lfd. per
lb. freight for wool would not remunerate me for my
trouble and the outlay of my capital, but other parties
are found who bring home wool at that rate.
Mr. Ricardo—l believe that shipowners are not in the
habit of doing anything without being paid for it.
Mr. Dunbar—Yes, indeed, they are. I believe that
the shipowners of England are the worst paid body in
the country, taking into consideration their risks and
expenses.—( A laugh.)
By Sir G. Clerk—'rhe ships I own range in burden
between 500 and 700 tons, and are a very valuable class
of ships. The reason why other shipowners
wool from Australia at lid. per lb.is oftenin conse-
quence of their not having capital to send on their ships
ne bring
to India in search of a freight, and frequently because
the captains have orders not to go further than the port
to which the ship originally was outward bound with a
cargo. I certainly have found it more advantageous to
send my ships on to India than to let them bring home
wool from Australia at a lower rate than 14d. per lb.
By Mr. Mitchell—Bringing home wool for lid. per lb.
which is paid by the ship-
inpger, ton, which leaves only 31.
freight would give some, but very small remuneration to
the ship owners.
By Mr. Liddell—One penny and one-eighth per lb.
sitittos7c.ould not remunerate the ship
for wool would amount to 5/, per measurement ton; and
Plothenwws: in": rrt ah,;neaidtmeWtll3oll2l.letnnl tdssaetnitaook'ofuel nearly 50 per cent. more adequately
there for exporting the produce of
to pay
I h brought copper
ore from Australia. ave never heard of any difficulty
him. My ships have frequently
tinhenbetoalionni7 shHipowpienvger, from the quantity of ore that has
been discovered unexpectedly there, there may have been
1 some temporary difficulty in obtaining ships to export
a ton ; but I have known,
it. I have never allowed my ships to wait in Australia
eharsee vessels to have brought ore
for cargoes. I have desired'that they should leave for
India immediaaly, in case they did not get a certain
amount of freight. My vessels have brought over cop
for 4/. 12s. 6d. a ton. I presume the additional freight
was given in consequence of the increased supply of ore
in the colony.
bring
Mr. Ricardo—You ore for four guineas per ton,
ffeorw fmouonrogsu,int
and yet you require 61. ss. per ton for wool. How do
account for that ?
pwei rt
h int. ea
Mr. Dunbar—A ton of ore does not take up near half
the space that a ton of wool does. A ton of ore doex
not take up more than 17 square fee.,
t whereas a ton of
wool takes up about 50 square feet.
Mr. Ricardo—How do you make that out ?
Mr. Dunbar—You must know
that there is a great
difference between a ton measurement in loading a ship,
and a ton weight ; a ton weight of wool would occupy
100 square feet. Wool is certainly a better cargo than
ore,lighter ;
because it is but the cargoes from •
Aus-
tralia are generally mixed.
By
Alderman Thompson—l should not take an entire
of copper oro-3/, per ton for copper ore, and LW.
per
carglob
for
wool, would give a fair remunerating freight.
.
Ricardo—In point of fact, you require 141. per
By Mr..
ton weight for wool.
Mr. Dunbar—Certainly ; but—_
Mr. Ricardo—l only want your own view of the
i question.