The Sun.
London, England, 1847-10-20 00:00:00

TEIE SUN, LONDON,

a moral and physical character, is the continued insuf-
iPncy "r ,:11 I.!nr ,1,,rir,2• *!-- 7'.-;•‘-,t tif. f,--• hollr,lf",
,Lapets. F,nni .: i, t, i'.p.i.,,_i,,..1_..1 r.:.- :i)i
alderman CHALLIS by the inhabitants of W,,t
Smithfield, it would appear that scenes of a most
demoralising and loathsome description are witnessed
every successive evening in the vicinity cf the West
London Union, from the indiscriminate congrega-
tion of destitute persons of both sexes, seeking
in vain to obtain admittance or assistance.
The knowledge of these transactions at our very
doors, the announcement of their continued repetition
close at hand, should be sufficient to arouse for the
unfortunate victims of penury that practical com-
miseration which would in some measure diminish
their own wretchedness, and tend to the general
advantage. If such miseries are scarcely endurable
during the genial atmosphere of October, what must
not be the anguish of their recurrence during the in-
clemency of November ? If an autumnal nightfall
is thus desolate, how desolate must not be the desola-
tion of a wintry exposure in the streets ? The
sorrows of the houseless have evoked the eloquent
lamentations of BARRY CORNWALL. Shall they not
elicit an eloquence more thrilling than that of ballad-
monger or lyrist—the eloquence of deeds instead of
songs, of pecuniary sympathy instead of the sym-
pathy of theoretic philanthropists ?

While the habitual wretchedness of the more im-
poverished inhabitants of London clamours loudly
for some immediate efforts of sanitary amelioration,
the advancing horrors of the modern plague—the
Cholera Morbus—gives a new and terrible voice to the
popular Necessity--a voice that shrieks to the Legis-
lature for aid and encouragement. There is no
longer any doubt that the awful scourge of the
Cholera is advancing with a swift, but
stealthy precision, across the continent of Europe.
It rages on the shores of the Black Sea without in-
termission. It has desolated the streets of Odessa,
and veiled the people of Samsoun in mourning. The
breath of the invisible Destroyer has thinned the
population of Bagdad, of Huila, and of Meshed, it
is extinguishing lives by the hundred in the populous
districts of Trebizond. It has destroyed the Arch-
duke FREDERICK of Austria with such appalling
suddenness, that :opinion was at first divided as to
whether his death was the result of gastric fever ac-
companied by jaundice, or of assassination by some
subtle poison. The Cholera has advanced further. It
has stricken down one man in the city of Vienna.
Such is the intelligence which, day by day, startles
the population of England to a sense of the peril in-
curred by the perpetuation of our civic filth and of
our municipal lethargy.

We have received by Trieste intelligence from
Constantinople to the 30th ult. The affair of Greece,
it would seem, is being arranged; propositions to
that effect have been made by M. GLAROBI, the suc-
cessor ad interim of M. COLETTI. Meanwhile the
measures against the coasting trade have been carried
into execution, and the Porte has ceased all commu-
nication, official or non-official, with the Consul-
General of Greece. The insurrection in Albania
is not losing ground ; the chief of the in-
surgents, DJOULEKA, it is said, lately applied to the
Greek Government for reinforcements. This circum-
stance has induced the Divan to address a note
to the representatives of the Five Powers, in-
forming them of the demand, and stating that,
though it believes the Greek Government
to be far from inclined to listen to such a
proposal, yet it thinks it right to state what
has reached it, with a view to preventing the Greek
Cabinet from ever thinking of such a project. The
cholera continued to rage at Trebizond. The Turkish
sanitary board thought necessary to submit all vessels
coming from that town to a quarantine, which takes
place at the Dardanelles.

Letters from St. Petersburgh of the sth state that,
on the authority of the official reports received by
the Government, the cholera continued to advance
towards the north and east. Cases of it had occurred
at Orel, at Tonle, and even in the village of:Pensa,
situated at only fifty leagues from Moscow, In the
province of Astracan, in which there were 31,300
inhabitants, 5,915 cases had occurred, and 3,131
deaths. The disease still raged with great severity
at Tscharno Jarsk and its environs. At Saratof, the
capital of the province of that name, 2,500 persons
had been attacked, 1,991 of whom died. In the
country of the Cossacks of the Don there had been
12,651 cases, of which 7,017 terminated fatally.. At
Charkov 53 persons had been carried off, and on
the 15th of September there were 588 sick at Kursk.
At Woronesch, a town with a population of 44,000,
the cholera broke out on the 4th of September, and
420 new cases, and 150 deaths, had occurred daily.
On the 16th there were 1,019 persons ill of the
cholera in the hospital, 418 of whom were attached
the same day. 'lhe number of deaths on that .day
was 152.

A letter from Berne, dated October 14, says--•
" The display of military in the mixed canton of
Neufchatel continues. Every point on the shore sof
the lake is guarded by detachments of armed :men
against invasion from the troops of the Vaud„ At
least this is the pretext set up in order to excite the
exasperation of the faithful. The steam-boat will
probably continue its mission until the meetirli ; of
the Diet. Nothing is decided in the canton of St.
Gall about giving supplementary instructions tc, its
Deputy in the Diet. The parliamentary tactics and
discipline in each of the camps of the legislative
bodies of this canton have been admirable ; out of 150
members of the Grand Council, composed of ',12" Li-
berals (of whom 59 are Protestants and 18 Cath,i)lics)
and 73 Ultramontanes (all Catholics except one o f the
Reformed Church), not one has made default d u ring
this inveterate conflict. We learn that in: the
primitive cantons terrorism is the order of the
day. Every man in this cradle of Helvetic fre eilom,
who is only a moderado, without being a libe rs 1, is
an object of inquisitorial vigilance and every sp. ?cies
of vexation. Consequently, the small number ,of li-
berals among this fanatic population wait in breath-
less expectation of the moment when the bri Rging
into execution of the decrees of the Diet will d eliver
them from the oligarchy which now so heavily
oppresses them. Berne daily assumes more. and
more the aspect of a town under military g( mrt Tn-
ment. In order that all the militia of the canton* :may
be at liberty to move in any direction without coax)] ro
mising the safety of the capital in which are to be
found elements of hostility to the present orde r of
things among the ranks of the patriciate, a:, well
as among the adherents to the late Governm en t, a
civic guard has been formed, composed of voi tun-
teers belonging neither to the elite nor to* the
reserve. The numbers inscribed amount to five
hundred, and are organized into four companies, The
Government of Friburg has addressed a lett;e: r to
the Vorort, complaining in strong terms of the C :an-
ton de Vaud for sending out an armed cruiser on the
lake of Neufchatel, and which assumes the ri3•l it of
searching all boats that appear off the shore of Fri-
burg.—Eight, evening—l close my letter at the 1 'ost-
office. There are more than 1,000 persons wal ting
for the arrival of the mail from Zurich and S ,aint
Gall. The mail is come in. The struggle is Doi z yet
over. Several Members have spoken for two or three
hours each. The debate is adjourned till to-da:r. As
a compensation, news is brought that the can to n of
the Grisons has voted the executive measures 1 )3T a
much greater majority than was expected. 1.11 ,ere-
fore, it remains with Saint Gall to decide this g Teat
question. The resolution of the Grisons is, thus
worded If pacific means are found to be fruit less,
the deputation is authorised to vote for the el up loy-
ment of force for dissolving the Sonderbund. Ibis
was adopted by a majority of 38 against 17."
The Grand Council of Geneva has invested the
Council of the State with extraordinary powor s, to
enable it to arm and equip without delay the t roops
of the federal contingent, of the first conting a nt of
the landwehr, and the corps of volunteers; ai 3( 1 has
enacted the most severe penalties against the c it izens
who should not respond to the appeal of the deral
authorities.

The correspondent of the Journal de Frangro rt at
Berlin writes on the 12th :

" I am able to assure you that the Northern 1 '0 wers
are perfectly in accord as to the line of conduct 1 o be
pursued in the affairs of Italy and Switv r) and.
Prussia and Russia approve of all that has bees 1 done
by Austria at Ferrara, and not only admit t 1 st she
has acted within her rights, but approve of the n .eans
she has employed to maintain them intact. .A! s they
are convinced that Austria will do noth? iug to
prevent the difference in question being settled
in a manner consistent with her own integrity, and
compatible with the peace of the world, it is cot rcluded
acknowledgedeeeei
ty()fprese the
ry
ieright that the Austrian Government will not relinqt fish the
occupation of Ferrara until the Holy See sha 11 have
her
own
n shall be
Austria,s 0
fndoerfeansc leo a aggallins
sat
retention of that occupation dictated by the ne-
.
the passions of the mass of the people of Italy, Al if 1 the ,

I good, though Utopian, intentions of the Holy See. This
1-cf nnir views the ?fflirg of It u'-der ifs vpforming
view, wit'n, ,!.kinx• iwt,:ceaunt the
:•arol),, 2nl of the itwian
Stin,eo, and the reiaLien hablecn
Therefore it would be unjust to impose upon this
Power measures which do not appear to be justified by
circumstances and by her special situation. Austria
is faithful to the principle of non-intervention, which
is comprehended by the French Government. But
this Power has to fulfil duties in Italy, imposed upon
it by the principle of peace, by the necessity for pre-
serving the balance of power in Europe, and by a
sound national policy. I learn from a good source
that the two other Powers will not only leave it the
free choice of the means by which it may hope to
attain this object, but are ready to lend it all their
concurrence in case evil passions should attempt to
gain the mastery over that wise policy which has
hitherto presided over the destinies of nations, and
which, without aspiring to make conquests, has held
firmly to its own rights and to the faith of treaties."
The Augsburg Gazette announces, almost officially,
that the Austrian Government is at present lining
the Swiss frontier, from the Lake of Constance to
Lago Maggiore, with troops. The necessary in-
structions have already been given to the military
commandants in the Tyrol and Lombardy. Although
the number of troops already assembled on the
frontier is considerable, reinforcements will never-
theless be sent on all the points of communication.
There will be 5,000 men at the Vorarlberg, in the
Tyrol, and a similar force will keep the defiles of the
Engaddin. It is not known, says the Augsburg
Gazette, if the other neighbours of Switzerland will
follow the example of Austria, the negotiations com-
menced some time ago for that object having been
without result. But, even should her demonstration
be isolated, Austria hopes, it is said, that it will not
the less contribute to the maintenance of the internal
peace of Switzerland.

Letters from Naples state that the KING has re-
fused to make any concessions to his subjects, or to
grant an amnesty, and that the insurrections had
in consequence again broken out in Calabria and the
Abruzzi. Count FERRETTI has returned to Rome.

On the 9th instant the English steamer Pasha
arrived at Civita Vecchia, with dispatches for the
POPE, from England, which were immediately for-
warded to Rome.

The Alba of Florence states that the Austrian
Minister, the Count of LUTZOW, had waited on the
POPE, and informed him that the Austrians were
willing to evacuate the town of Ferrara. The POPE
replied that he would not be satisfied with the
evacuation of the town alone, and insisted on the
Austrian garrison being likewise withdrawn from the
citadel. COMA DE LUTZOW, on leaving the palace,
repaired to the French Embassy. Count Rossi, in
his turn, called on the POPE, with whom he remained
two hours, without, it appears, being able to prevail
on his HOLINESS to alter his opinion.
The Act of Abdication of the Duke of Lucca was
published at Florence on the 11th, with a motu pro-
prio of the GRAND DUKE, incorporating Lucca with
Tuscany.

Madrid journals of the 13th have arrived.

The KING was expected to return to the Palace
that evening. The QUEEN had consented to permit
his return on the evening before. NARVAEZ, on the
13th proceeded to the Pardo, accompanied by the
Pope's Nuncio, and it was expected they would ac-
company the KING to the palace in the evening.
The troops of the garrison were drawn out under
arms to receive him, and the Captain-General, the
military governor, and the political chief were waiting
at the gate of San Vicente to receive him.
The Duke of GLUCYSIIURGH, the French Ambas-
sador, entertained NARVAEZ and his colleagues to
dinner on the 13th.

General MANUEL LORENZO died at Madrid on the
12th instant.

The Eco del Conzercio says that the leaders of the
Progressistas who attended the QUEEN'S ball were in-
vited by her MAJESTY'S special command.
The stage coach plying between Gerona and
Perpignan was stopped on the evening of the 10th, at
the Col d'Oriola, by the Carlist chief GIBERT, who
was at the head of a band of 100 foot soldiers and 12
horsemen. GIBER; after addressing a few questions
to the guard, allowed him to proceed on his journey;
but shortly afterwards he stopped the mail from
France, and carried away its dispatches. Two bat-
talions of the regiment of Astorga, and two squadrons
of cavalry, had arrived at Gerona, to keep open the
communications.

CONCHA was strictly enforcing the blockade along
the Catalonian frontier.

The main body of the Carlists have retired towards
the mountains, in the neighbourhood of Tortosa, for
a junction with CABRERA, on
theth e pbordersurpose
of
ff effectingValencia.

MADRID BOLSA, OCT. 13.—The Three per Cents,
were done at 271 at .50 days ; Five per Cents. al
161 for cash; and the Debt without Interest, at sf.

We have received the Paris papers of Monday.
The following account of the state of affairs in
Spain, evidently from the pen of M. GUIZOT, appears
in the Journal des _Wats:—

(I According to the brief accounts which we have
this day received, we believe we may announce in a
few words that General Serrano, the new Captain-
General of Grenada, has quitted Madrid to repair to
his post, that the Bing (Don Francisco) has returned
to the palace of the Queen, and that Queen Christina,
having arrived at the Queen's residence, was received
by her with an affecting demonstration of feeling
which neither a long separation nor culpable ma-
noeuvres could alter. 'These facts, which succeeded,
if we are well informed, in the order which we have
assigned to them, reply sufficiently to the accusations
new Spanish Ministry. It is not
u to the unworthy and calum-
nioussod pi rerecctd:
nereportsagainst
here
propagated
atons thenew
replyby
at Madrid and elsewhere re-
which the Ministry presided
over by the Duke of Valencia arrived at power. That
which we have just stated appears to us to justify it
completely in that respect. Its accession to office has
been marked by a double result--by the re-establish-
ment at once of good harmony between the public
powers and of good understanding between the royal
persons. The element which appeared to dominate
in the composition of a Cabinet directed by a fortu-
nate and popular General—the very conditions which
appeared necessary to its strength and its duration—
might have been calculated to inspire some distrust
as to its tendencies. We are happy to observe that
such uneasiness will henceforth be unreasonable, and
we find a guarantee for the liberal and constitutional
disposition of the new President of the Council in his
eagerness to convoke the Cortes, and to demand of the
Legislature the sanction of the events which restored
him to power. Had the return of the Moderate party
and its most eminent representative to office produced
a mere negative result—had it solely prevented the
success of the immoral intrigues already the object of
public execration—we should still have reason to con-

gratulate the Queen and the Spanish nation upon it.
We are happy to have to announce results more posi-
tive, and, we trust, more durable. We do not create
illusions for ourselves, nor do we forget to what
extent a long and sad succession of revolu-
tions must leave events in a country like Spain, un-
stable and uncertain. But, we repeat, it will be an
honour for the Moderate party, and for the new Ca-
binet, that their accession should have coincided with
the return of order in their public and private rela-
tions, and have secured the tranquillity of the country
and the dignity of individuals. We shall say no
more. It would be with regret and repugnance that
we should find ourselves compelled to establish a con-
trast between the present situation of affairs and that
which foreign influence would have substituted for it."

We give the above as another proof of the system
of " enormous lying" which the juste milieu adopt
in order to carry out their reactionary and Jesuitical
policy. That the Cortes, which sanctioned the Mont-
pensier marriage, will also sanction any other mea-
sure which Louis PHILIPPE may propose, there can
be no doubt, and it is matter of grave suspi-
cion against SALAMANCA that he did not, on attaining
power, at once dissolve them. The sums of money
expended by Louis PHILIPPE and Queen CHRISTINA to
bring about the late changes have been immense. As
a proof of the continuance of the attempts on the part
of M. GUIZOT to repudiate the revolution of July,
1830, to which alone his master owes his throne, we
quota the following from the National:—
" M. Guizot, at the bottom of the report on the
Consulships lately inserted in the A loniteur, calls him-
self the faithful subject of the King. It is the first
tliaie this qualification has been taken by a Minister
c e the protest, which a speech pronounced in the
Chamber of Deputies by M. de Montalivet, called
forth, and in which he employed the expression
subjects when speaking of the nation. This protest,
drawn up by M.O. Barrot, was signed by 167 Deputies ;
but France was not as yet in the path leading back
to the customs and usages of the old monarchy."

The Union Monarchique, which is in general well
informed on Italian affairs, says—
" The attitude assumed by M. Guizot in the affairs