The Sun.
London, England, 1847-11-06 00:00:00

S 117 N 7 NOVEMBER 6, 1847.

creased employment of the people, or the well-being
of society, it is highly expedient that the Legislature
should, with as little delay as the importance and
difficulties of the subject will permit, pass such a mea-
sure for tenants' compensation as will secure to the
improving tenant the property in all improvements
made during his tenancy by the expenditure of his
labour and capital. Accompanying such a measure,
however, it is highly expedient that some cheap and
easy mode should be devised to check subletting and
waste, and secure the landlord from the destruction
of the improvements, after compensation made ; and
your committee consider it also desirable, that in any
legislation on the subject, all existing rights, interests,
and customs, should be expressly and dittinctly saved.
" CLONCURRY, Chairman.
" SAMUEL FERGUSON, 't Hon.
"COLAIAN M. O'LOGHLEN, f Secs.
" Office of the Irish Council, Northumberland •
buildings, Nov. 1."

The first three of the following resolutions were
also adopted ; but owing to the number and length of
the speeches made in submitting them to the meeting,
we are obliged to give them in bulk, with the names
of the proposer and seconder attached.
Proposed by Major BLACRIIALL, M.P., seconded
by Mr. FAGAN, M.P.—
" 1. That we feel it our duty to declare that in
many districts of the country the present means of
relief are inadequate to prevent the ravages of starva-
tion, and the recurrence of the horrors of the past
year.
" That we learn with satisfaction that her Ma-
jesty's Government has thought it proper to convene
Parliament at once, and we desire earnestly to press
upon the Legislature the necessity of devising, with •
out delay, further measures of relief for such dis-
tressed districts, and of continuing, for this year at
least, the suspension of the corn and navigation laws.
" That we are ready to submit to any taxation that
Parliament may, in its wisdom, consider necessary for
the relief of our own destitute population, deeming
the preservation of human life paramount to all other
considerations."
Proposed by Mr. S. O'BRIEN, M.P., seconded by
Mr. J. O'CONNELL, M.P.—
" 2. That while we fully recognise the claim to
subsistence of all our fellow-countrymen, we consider
it but equitable that the necessary charge for the
relief of the destitute should not be borne exclusively
by any particular class or classes, but should be
shared by the community at large.
" That with this object, we would suggest that an
income or property-tax should be imposed in Ireland,
the proceeds of which should be applied to the relief
of the destitute, in aid of local taxation ; and in the
case of absentees we deem it expedient that the per
tentage of such tax should be higher than in other
caees."
Proposed by Sir L. O'BRIEN, M.P. ; seconded by
Mr. J. BEECHER—
" 3. That we fully recognise the necessity of a
workhouse test in the case of the able-bodied poor,
but at the same time look upon the present system of
workhouse relief, whereby large masses are congre-
gated in idleness, as demoralizing and dangerous to
the well-being of society.
" That we are of opinion that any relief establish-
ment for the able-bodied poor ought to be an indus-
trial establishment, and that for this purpose a
sufficient quantity of land ought to be provided in
each union, in connexion with the workhouse, to be
laboured to the best account, in such species of hus-
bandry as should be suitable for the numbers in such
workhouse who from time to time may need employ-
ment, with proper accommodation for the exercise of
trades for the supply of such establishments with all
necessary articles capable of being produced therein,
so that such establishments should, as far as possible,
be made self-supporting institutions.
" That in our opinion, also, the guardians ought,
to have power to extend such industrial relief depart-
ment according to the exigency, and that means
should be taken to provide industrial instruction in
connexion with such establishments.
"That we consider the existing machinery for ad-
ministering out-door relief, in many districts, inade•
quate to the present crisis, and requiring immediate
alteration, so as, by the establishment of electors
relief committees, or otherwise, to secure greater loca
information and control.

" 4. That during the ensuing winter every means
ought to be adopted to increase employment.
" That with this view we recommend that a selec-
tion of the unfinished public works should be com-
pleted under local supervision—that every facility
should be afforded for reproductive employment on
land, by enabling proprietors who possess available
capital to invest such capital in the improvement of
their estates, and to charge the inheritance with the
expenses of such improvement ; and that encourage-
ment should be given to the construction of railways
throughout the country, by loans of money, and
introducing more simple and effective machinery for
acquiring the land necessary for railway purposes.
"That we would also call upon our fellow-coun-
trymen to promote native industry, by giving encou-
ragement, in every case where practicable, to Irish
manufactures.

" S. That the loss of the potato crop, in addition to
the loss of food which it has occasioned, has deranged
considerably the currency •f the country, inasmuch
as in most parts of Ireland it formed the labour cur-
rency of the farmer.

"That to supply the deficiency of currency now
existing, and at the same time to provide funds for the
completion of the unfinished works, the facilitating
reproductive employment on the land, and the pro-
motion of railway enterprise in Ireland, we recom-
mend the issue by Government of at least 2,000,000
of Treasury notes (receivable in payment of taxes),
or of debentures guaranteed by Government, upon
which the banks of issue should be authorised to
issue notes—such notes or debentures to be laid out
on the works:above mentioned, and to be called in and
paid off within a given time, on repayment by the
county, party, or company, to whom they should be
advanced.

" 6. That further to stimulate employment and
encourage the investment of capital upon land, Re
deem it expedient that such alterations should be
forthwith made in the law of landlord and tenant a,
shall secure to the tenant the property in all improve
ments made during his tenancy by the expenditure of
his labour or capital ; and we submit to the public for
consideration the system for tenants' compensation
now laid before us by the Irish Council.
" 7. That the laws regulating the removal of the
Irish poor from England, the amendment of our grand
jury system, the question of emigration or coloniza-
tion, the improvement of our waste lands and fisheries,
the better preservation of the pudlic peace, the
affording facilities for the transfer, participation, and
exchange of landed property, and the establishment
of district model farms, are subjects that require the
immediate attention of Parliament ; and we would
press upon her Majesty's Government the necessity
of introducing, at as early a period as possible, legis-
lative enactments on these subjects.
" 8. That a petition to both Houses of Parliament,
grounded on these resolutions, be prepared and for-
warded to each union for signature : and that the
Irish Council be authorised to call meetings similar
to the present during the session of Parliament if

such should be necessary, or to take such other steps
as may appear to them expedient for the carrying out
the objects of this meeting."
The second resolution on the subject of an income-
tax gave rise to a lengthened discussion for and against
such a measure. Several amendments were proposed
as to the omission of the paragraph to that effect, but
they were all lost, and the original motion was passed
by a large majority.
At four o'clock the meeting adjourned to Saturday,
when the fourth resolution will be taken up. It

would have been adjourned to Friday, but that its
proceedings might interfere with the meeting of Mr.
John O'Connell's council.

OPPOSITION TO RENTS.

Mr. Newel Barron, Chairman of the King's
County, in addressing the grand jury at the quarter
sessions of Parsonstown, alluded to the system of
opposition to the payment of rents in the district,
telling those who were engaged in it that the law
would be found too strong for them, and that they
were sure ultimately to be defeated. lie referred to
the recent shocking murder of Mr. Lucas, who had
fallen a victim to the agrarian conspiracy, stating that
the ejectments brought by that gentleman were
against persons largely indebted to him for several
years' rent. Mr. Barron stated that generally the
landlords in that county were merely seeking for rent
due so far back as the years 1842, 1843, and 1844,
and in no instance had a decree been brought for rent
that had accrued due to November, 1846.

GREAT INCREASE OF LITIGATION.—GeneraIIy at
the quarter sessions, now in progress throughout the
country, there is an immense augmentation in civil-
bill processes, to such an extent that the receipts of
the assistant-barristers will be increased very largely.
At Kilrush, county of Clare, 10,000 processes have
been issued for that division ; about a fifth part of these
will probably be pressed. The Limerick Examiner
states that three hundred ejectments have been served
in one district in that county, and that generally the
landlords are endeavouring to get up their lands from
their small tenantry.
LAW C0LT11T8....• (Tins DAY.) The Court of

Queen's Bench rose this day at a quarter before 12
o'clock, in consequence of the want of business. A
bad look-out. for the lawyers.
This day the Lord Chancellor pronounced judg-
ment on the long-pending petition of Mr. Pallas, a
most respectable solicitor, suspended by Sir Edward
Sudden, restoring him to his rank amongst the prac-
titioners of the court, under circumstances highly
creditable to Mr. Pallas.
DEATII of THE VICE-PROVOST OF TRINITY COL-
LEGE.—The Evening Post says—" We regret to
announce the death of the Rev. Dr. 'Wray, vice-pro-
vost of Trinity College, which took place at his house
in Merrion-square this morning."
Tali LATE MaJolt. MAHON. This gentleman,
whose murder was announced yesterday, was for-
merly in the 9th Dragoons—now Lancers—and suc-
ceeded to the inheritance of the late Lord Hartland's
estates about two years ago, having been previously
managing the property. The lamented gentleman
enjoyed a high character in the district. It is stated
that a son of the Dean of St. Patrick's, who was son-
in-law of Major Mahon, succeeds to the possession of
his estates.

An incident took place yesterday in the office of
Mr. Murphy (one of the Masters in Chancery),
which strongly illustrates the disastrous effects of the
utter insecurity of life and property in this country.
A. fee simple estate, consisting of 288 acres of prime
feeding land, with an excellent dwelling-house, ad-
vantageously situated, in the county of Roscommon,
was put up for sale at 10,0001. for the first bid, being
scarcely one-half of the estimated value of the pro-
perty. While the sale was proceeding, a gentleman
got up, and addressing those about him, spoke of the
dangerous neighboarhood in which the estate lay,
remarking that it was close to the spot where only
the night previous Major Mahon fell by the bullet of
the assassin. The announcement created a powerful
sensation in the office, and .a chilling silence of a
minute or two succeeded. The Master at length
interposed, and having severely reprimanded the
speaker for his intrusive observations, ordered the
sale to proceed. But it was to no purpose. The
blow had struck home; and after an offer of 2,5001,
or something like four years' purchase, the sale was
indefinitely postponed.

COMMERCIAL IN TELLIGEN CE.
(From the Times.)
LIVERPOOL, Nov. s.—There has been to-day an
improved feeling. Discounts, though in Liverpool
the rate continues at the high figure previously re-
ported, namely, 9 per cent., are announced as con-
siderably more easy of attainment in the metropolis;
and gradually, with a better hope than hitherto, we
witness a revival of confidence. There are important
orders for execution in the market, and, should affairs
continue to improve, somewhat of a revival in the
manufacturing districts may be anticipated, and cer-
tainly the price of cotton is extremely low. Another
arrival from Callao took place this morning, but as
yet we cannot learn whether she brought any specie
of moment.
The grain market has again advanced its quota-
tions, the rates for Indian corn and meal having been
respectively enhanced since Tuesday Is. and 6d. per
barrel. As in the United States, farmers are this
year holding back supplies in anticipation of higher
rates; and possibly, should this policy continue, we
may witness in the spring renewed imports from the
overflowing granaries of America. There was a
fair attendance of the trade this morning.
The: cotton trade to-day has again been pretty
active ; 4,000 bales have been sold, chiefly to con-
sumers. Prices are unaltered.
The Stock• Exchange report shows a considerable
advance in the chief stocks. London and North-
Westerns are quoted at 1521; Midlands, 109 g.
The Timis City Article was again received by
electric telegraph from Rugby this morning, and the
intelligence of a rise in the price of Consols tended to
improve the general feeling. The letters received in
town are still free from any report of an unfavourable
cast.

Considerable anxiety is now becoming apparent in
regard to the meeting to-morrow morning of the
Royal Bank proprietors ; and, naturally enough,
rumour is again busy with the affairs of that concern.
Amongst other statements is one to the effect that a
leputation now in London has every prospect of corn-
pitting an arrangement which shall enable the bank
to re-open its doors on Monday next; that the sum
mentioned is 600,000/. ; and that ultimately the bank
ill open an account with the Bank of England, as is
Lhe case Kith other establishments here. These are
nentioned here simply as rumours. The best feeling
;s apparent towards the bank, and there can be little
question that it will to-morrow be determined that it
shall resume operations.
The latest letters received from the Baltic ports
inform us that the embarrassments experienced here
were reacting there with great effect. Great depres-
sion existed.
From Monte Video we have letters this morning to
~he 28th of August. Exchange ruled at 40d. ; bills
,carce. A large importation of specie had tended to
keep exchange low. A rumour was current that
Rosas intended to close the ports, but it was thought
this measure would not be adopted unless Urquiza
took the same step.
THE HAGUE, Nov. 2.—At the Bourse of Amster-
dam on the Ist of November the Bank of the Nether-
lands raised the course of exchange 1 per cent., which
is thus advanced from 4 to 5 per cent. for the discount
on letters of exchange, 5 to 6 per cent. on bills at
sight, from 4} to 5 per cent. for loans on deposits in
the public funds, and 5 to 6 per cent. for loans on
deposits of merchandise. The Dutch Funds, in con-
sequence of the [decision cf the bank, closed lower.
Transactions in Integrals were very animated, a
movement which was occasioned especially by the
liquidations which took place. The shares of the
Society of Commerce were offered at a reduced rate.
The Spanish Funds did not maintain the favourable
state of the preceding evening, in consequence of the
state of Ardouin's, and of the Three per Cents., which
were affected by reason of the liquidations. Almost
all the other foreign funds were equally low.
FRANKFORT, OCT. 29.—1 n this day's liquidation
for the end of October the funds in Austrian Two-
and-a-Half per Cent. Metallics, and Three per Cents.,
in lands, and integrals, as well as all kinds of railway
,hares, were better, and more business was done, all
other kinds of funds remaining high, with very little
business, from the high state of the London Consols.
After the Exchange the Three per Cent. Spanish were
more in demand, and there were reports of more fa-
vourable advices from Paris.

OCT. 30.—The course of the exchange, of every
species of funds, and railway shares, did not gain to-
day, notwithstanding the improved condition of the
London market. Austrian shares were flatter, and
remain, on the whole, very dull.
Nov. I.—Our advices from London are considered
so far favourable by the mercantile world, because, by
the resolution of Government empowering the Bank,
on its responsibility, to deviate from Sir R. Peel's Bill
of 1840, it has opposed a mighty barrier to the present
crisis. This resolution is also considered an indica-
tion that in the approaching session of Parliament
the changes so ardently wished for in that Bill,
touching the interests of our exchange, may be
brought forward. The preliminary conferences
with Sir R. Peel may, probably, have had for their
object the securing of himself and party to those
measures. Even if the English mercantile crisis
has had hitherto no direct influence on the conti-
nent, and Germany especially has remained unaffected
by the failure there, yet the state of depression in
England has, at all events, a negative influence upon
us, inasmuch as it checks speculation in bills of the
state, and induces the holders of ready money to keep
it by them. Here in Frankfort, the rate of discount,
at sight, is 4i to 5 ; for prolongations from 5 to 5f
per cent. ; but there could not be said to be any actual
want of money. In the next few months, when the
discontinuance of the public works will accumulate
much ready money, the state of the money-market
will probably be yet more favourable, :and we must
again report that, as soon as better reports from abroad
shall restore confidence at home, trade will take a new
and permanent progress.
HAMBURGH, Nor. 2.—Business of every kind was
exceedingly fiat on 'Change to-day. London fell
per cent., and was not in demand. Discount at 6
per cent. In some of the railway shares there was an
increased activity,:and there was nothing doing in the
funds.

STETTIN, OCT. 29.—Our supplies of wheat are
only sufficient to meet the wants of the city and
neighbourhood. Rye bad a tendency to rise lately
in consequence of the old standing bargains for de-
livery in this month, but our arrivals yesterday were
so large from various places that there has been a
decided fall.
BRESLAU, OCT. 30.—Business in the wool trade
has not been so slack since last market day, for,
although large quantities were sold, prices are even
more depressed than they were at this time.
ODESSA, OCT. 15.—The continued unfavourable
reports from England have a lowering effect upon the
state of trade here, so that both the prices of wheat
and of freights have fallen. Wheat is 265. 3d. to34s.
6d. per quarter, according to quality. Rye keeps its
price, and as in this article our harvest has been un-
favourable, we shall not have much for exportation.
It is marked at 18s. to 21s. per quarter. Freights to
England are 10s. 9d. to 12s. per quarter.