The Sun.
London, England, 1823-07-24 00:00:00

THE LONDON JOURNALS.

DAILY

Extracts from tut Morkiing Papers, July 24.

traotomto Porra
Bayonne Papers arrived last night to the 16th
instant.t Their contents are of some importance,
as they indicate the existence of an opinion in
the leaders of the, French army that the war is
lie from being terminated, And that it is neces-
sary for them to obtain a "pointerappui6 in the
Peninsula„ which, notwithstanding the extent of
territory which they occupy, they do not es yet
possess. This point d'appui is to be songht for on
the line of the Ebro, that is to say, within a ve).y,
short distance of the French frontiers ; so that,
notwithstanding the embition's advance 'of the
enemy to the flay of Cadiz, and their reiterated
assurances that the %vat' must speedily end with
the fall of that city, it appears that something
has lately occurred to inspire different thoughts,
and to create a more provident feeling. In order
to establish this defensive line, the sieges of St.Se-
baitian' Pampeluna, and Santona are to be com-
menced, and, we are told, carried on with vigour.
But as the heavy artilley had not yet quitted
Bayonne, and it is doubtful whether it has more
than a nominal existence, those sieges will pro-
bably resemble the decisive operations which
Moncey was to execute in Catalonia, and at the
end of two or three months will still remain to
be undertaken. Meanwhile, depots of grain are
forming on the frontier, and fresh troops are
assembling. An extraordinary admission, how-
ever, is made with respect to the spirit with
which they are animated ; far we find Marshal
Lewiston haranguing the 20th Regiment of
Light Infantry on its arrival at Bayonne, and
telling it that there had been " some hesitation
about permitting it to take the field." Surely this
was not the mode best calculated to secure its
loyalty ; for want of confidence on the part of
the Chiefs is generally followed by want of fide-
lity on that of the soldiers. It is, however, a
circumstance of considerable promise under every
point of view : for whilst it shows that the feel-
ing of the French troops is hostile to this unjust
and unprincipled war, it also proves that their
losses in Spain have been so great as to render
immediate reinforcements necessary, and that
the French Government has no other means
of supplying those reinforcements, than by erre-
ploying troops upon whose fidelity it does not
rely. These Papers also state a fact of great lin-
portance, if it be correct ; it is the march of a
strong column from Madrid, with six pieces of
cannon, to assist the Swiss Guards, who bad been
attacked in the vicinity of Toledo, and had lost
part of a rich convoy which they were escorting
to Andalusia. The Empecinado is also repre-
sented as acting with much spirit at the head of a
strong Guerilla, and as laying heavy contribu-
tions upon towns and districts whose inhabitants
lied espoused the cause of the invaders.

[MORNING CHRONICLE.),
The Journal des DAats, which we are far
.from classing with the other Papers devoted to
the cause of the Bourbons that is, the
cause of tyranny, civil and religious—con-
tains occasionally articles written with good
feeling, which may be read with much benefit.—
To this description belongs a Review in the num-
ber of Monday last, by Malte-Brun, of a recent
Statistical Work of Balbi, in which a valuable
light is thrown on the state of Education of
France and several other countries of Europe.—
It appears from it that the Provinces of France,
tho most superstitious and the most attached to
the Bourbon system, are the worst off with re-
spect to education ; that while Alsace, Bur-
gundy, Franche-Comte, Picardy, French Flan-
ders, &c., have Ng out of every 1000 males
sharing in the benefit of public instruction,
the loyal and superstitious Provinces of the
South-Westthave only forty-nine out of 1000.—
Thar inference which these profound politicians,
the Duke and Duchess d'Angouleme, will draw
from this will no doubt be the same which our
great Civil Historian of Rome (Mr. Bankos)
drew, that the diffusion of education is a very
bad thing. M. Malte-Brun, however, who had
the benefit of a northern education, is fond of
dwelling rather on the advantages of education,
as a meantrof civilising and improving the morals
of mankind. Among the other consolatory proofs
which he has adduced, we find one derived from
Austria, the Government of which, he says, " em-
ploys the means the most efficacious, and the most
methodically combined to spread liberally ele-
mentary education." Such has been the success
with respect to moral improvement, that it appears
from very recent administrative Reports 44 the
number of crimes has diminished in the ratio of
the increase of primary schools."---In this coun-
try, with all deference to the Civil Historian of
Rome, the efficacy of education in rendering a
population orderly and moral is a question which
has long since been settled. Whatever may be
thought of the higher ranks of Scotland (and we
do not believe that they are worse than those of
the South), no one wilt deny that the lower
orders of that country are morally, as well as in-
tellectually, greatly superior to 'the lower orders
of the middle and South of England, where edu-
cation is still comparatively rare. Though they
do not differ so much from the same classes of
the North of England, which are better provided
with the means of instruction, yet they are gene-
rally superior to them 'also, and that in nearly
the ratio in which the different districts fall
short, more or less, of the Scotch average in edu-
cation. The idea of insecurity never enters into
the head of any person in the country parts of
Scotland, because he lives at a distance from
neighbours so comparatively rare in the commis-
sion of crime.

ITHE TIMES.]
Under the hes of " Greek Captives" is in.
serted some intelligence which will shock the
better portion of our roaders.—(See another
column ofTutr. Surr.)—Eoglish subjects lending
for hire their vessels to the intidels--prosti.
luting the holiest flag of England, for the con-
veyance of Christian captives to a market where
they are sold as slaves! The history of this