The Sun.
London, England, 1824-10-01 00:00:00

FRENCH PAPERS.

From Ms Journal der Debar.)
ENTRY OF CHARLES X. INTO PARIS.
PARIS, SEPT. 27..—At 25—minutes after 11, the
King stepped into his. carriage at St. Cloud.—
Arriving at Porte-Maillot, his Majesty mounted
his horse, notwithstanding the heavy rain. The
procession then moved forward in the order an-
nounced in our paper of yesterday.
The King arrrived at half.past 12 at the barrier
l'Etoile, where the Municipal Body was assem-
bled. The Prefect presented to his Majesty the
keys of Paris, and addressed him in these terms :
" SIRE—The aspect of. year Majesty comes to dissipate the
funeral veil which covers these walls. This immense popula-
tion wept for their father ; to.day they recover their King, and,
as in times past, they have wholly surmounted their grief.—
Beloved Sovereign, you will see them faithful and .unani.
mous, manifesting their joy. You
:have reigned for some
days, Sire, and the dignity of the Royal Family is already
extended ; the great thought of the State fortifies itself even in
the centre; and repeated acts of clemency and goodness signal.
Ise the happy commencement of your reign. Enjoy, Sire, your
first benefits,—enjoy the scene offered to your view. Confi-
dence has entered the heart; credit is extending; every thing
takes a new life, and opinions are enited—mingled in one sen-
timent of hope and love, as on the ever.memorable day when
the Capital received you, Sire, and carried you to the palace of
your ancestors. Sire, the Magistrates of Paris come to the
threshold of its gates to' place this faithful city under your
august protection. Your Majesty permits us to expect this,
and your Royal words arc engraved on all hearts. Surrounded
by Princes of your illustrious house, escorted by the glory of
France, you are going, Sire, to enter these walla. Our ancient i
monuments seem to pride themselves in adding another King
to the ancient dynasty which founded them, to the long list of
the Kings your ancestors,. all of whom were pleased to em-
bellish and to promote the prosperity of their capital. Proud
of being the cradle of the most noble and most glorious family
of the universe--proud of possessing its new King, Paris may
aspire to tile character of the Queenof Cities by its magnificence,
as its people will be before all others in their fidelity, their de-
votedness, and their love. Accept, Sire, these keys, the marks
of its submission and its respect ; allow us to lay them at your
Majesty's feet, as we there, lay the homage of the transports
and of the unanimous sentiments of this immense multitude,
who have hastened forth to see their King., Vivo le Roll"
T_he King replied--

" I leave the keys in your care, because I know that I can.
not commit them to more faithful hands. Keep them, then,
Gentlement keep them.
" It is with sentiments of deep sorrow and sincere joy that I
enter within these' walls, in the midst of my good people—of
joy, because I know well that I wish to occupy myself in cone.
crating my life, to my last hour, to secure and consolidate
their happiness."
_

A di;charge of a. hundred and (me pieces of
cannon announced the entrée of the King.
Notwithstanding the rain which continued
during the whole of the morning, the Champs.
Elysees were tilled with an immense crowd of
persons, who made the air resound with their
joyful acclamations. When the procession► reached
the entrance of the avenue de Marigny, the rain
ceased, and did not begin again till the King left
Notre Dame.

The boulevards, the streets, and the quays,
were thronged with people, as if it had been the
finest weather. All the houses were decorated
with white flags and flettr-de.lys. The King
marched with a slow step. The enthusiasm in-
spired by his presence it is impossible to describe.
On every side nothing was heard but shouts of
" Long live the King"—" Long live Charles X."
Long live the Dauphin"—" Long live the
Bourbons." The Monarch evinced the pleasure
he experienced by the affable. manner in which
he saluted his people. llis Majesty deigned to
receive, himself, with the most gracious conde-
scension more than four hundred petitions which
were presented to him. The King often spoke to
the Officers, and even to the National Guard.
The ecstacy of the whole population was at its
height. This was a holiday—a day of general
happiness—destined to be for ever memorable
in our annals.

The King arrived at Notre Dame at ten ml.
nutes after two. His Majesty was received by
the Archbishop, who addressed him on the occa-
sion as follows :

" hearts hnsten before the. King at his return to
hie capital grief and respect can no longer restrain the joy and
the transports of your people. Tears give place to other tears,
and acclamations succeed to deepest silence. Sire, it is love
which weeps, and it •is love which now rejoices. Before
mounting to the Palace of your Fathers—before there taking
that repose which will also be ours—your Majesty comes this
day, in the most splendid manner, to raise religion, beaten
down by the same blow which struck his Most Christian Ma-
jesty. It is your will, Sire, that it should be the first to re-
ceive that consolation which you bring to all. May it bless you.
Enter into its sanctuary—come and give it your royal hand—
and receive from its faithffil mouth the promise of its Divine
gratitude. For us, Sire, who are its ministers anti your sub.
jects, we beg of you, Sire, on the threshold of his Temple, to
receive with favour the respect and the vows which I, at this
moment, am so happy and so honoured in offering to your Ma.
jesty in the character of your First Pastor. Deign, also, Sire,
to accept all those of the venerable Prelates, who share the
labours and the solicitudes of my Episcopacy. Permit, finally,
Sire, that the Clergy and Chapter of the Archbishopric of
Paris swear to you before the living God, and in the front of
his sacred altars, the faith and homage they have preserved
to your illustrious brother."

The King replied—
" Sia—My first duty, as it was my first care, on an occasion
so afflicting to my heart, was to prostrate myself before the
Lord, to solicit from him, through the intercession of the Holy
Virgin, the strength and courage necessary to enable me to ful-
fil the important task which has been imposed upon me. With.
out him we are nothing7with him we can do every thing. As-
sist me, Gentlemen, with your prayers ; I solicit them not so
Much for myself as for France, which my brother has rendered
so happy. Yes, notwithstanding the grief I feel, lam confi-
dent that with the support .of the Most High I shall succeed,
not in making you forget the loss which you have sustained, but
at, least in softening its bitterness."
The King was then conducted to the place re-
setved for him. After Te Deum • the procession
returned to the Tuileries by the quays and
streets already mentioned. In passing before
the Louvre by the Pont des Arts, his Majesty
observed the Marquess d'Autichamp, Governor
of the Louvre, whose great age had prevented
him from being present.at Notre Dame. Ills Ma-
.

jesty approached. this old servant, spoke to him,
and took him by the hand.
The King reached the Chateau at uquarter to
four. In re-entering it, hl .Majeity. said, "I am
not fatigued, and I am satisged:ll
The King has' appointed Count Edward de
Dillon First Chamberlain and Honorary Master
of the Wardrobe.

( From the Quotidierme.
PARISI SEPT. 27.--The entrance of the. King
to-day presented a truly triumphant march. Thouglr it bad
been foreseen from the morning that the day would he wet,
the whole population of Paris repaired to the Bois de Bou-
logne, the barrier de l'Etoile, the Champs Elysies, the Bou-
levards, and the other places by which the procession was to
pass: .

The arrival of the Minister of War, end the Marshals of
France, at the Maillot Gate, before noon, announced the near
approach of the King. His Alajesty, accompanied by the
Princes and Princesses of his family, soon appeared. The
King and the Princes mounted their horses, and proceeded to+
wards the barrier de PEtoile. The brilliant corGye by which
his Majesty was preceded and followed marched between two
lines of infantry. •

(Prom the Btoile.)
PARIS, SEPT. 27. Oil the return from Notre
Dame,. the procession passed before the Statue of Henri 'We
The King, like the representation of Henry, was on horseback,
and returning to his capital. The cry of Viva Henry IV."
resounded in every direction, and was accompanied with that of
" Vive Charles X."

The procession, obliged to goon foot, had arrived at the Bridge
of Arts, when a young woman, about twenty-three years of
age, who for some time had been endeavouring to cross
the line of soldiers, made a fresh attempt. An old 'officer,
who had seen her attempts, went up to her, when, by. one
effort she forced herself in front of the first ranks of thetaYalry
and became suddenly enclosed by them. The soldiers were
about to oblige her to return in the same direction as the en.
tered, but the venerable Lieut.-General went himself to her as-
sistance. She held up and waved a paper, but her tears and
her agitation prevented her from speaking; and my bus-
band," were the only words that could be beard.
This movement, althot!glt made very promptly, had attract•
ed theattention of his Majesty. The very
made a sign with
his hand, " Allow," exclaimed he, with an air of kindness, so
common to Bourbons, " allow her to approach ;" and the
Monarch himself extended his hand to the young woman, who
threw herself at his feet. His Majesty took her petition, thank-
ing her at the same time as if she had done a service. "I am
much obliged to you, my child," ( then oblige, mon erifinst),
said the King. Never did a sovereign return thanks in a more
impressive manner. The people, affected even to tears brthis
action, no longer kept within bounds; their enthusiasm was at
its height ; with the greatest possible difficulty was the crowd
prevented from pressing in upon his Majesty, who was then
accompanied with universal acclamation to the Tuileries.

( From Me Courier Francois.)
Pants, Scar. 27.—The King heard mass in the Chapel of
the Chateau.

. His Majesty set oft' at half-past eleven o'clock for Paris.
The Marquess de la Riviera took yesterday before the King
the oath as Captain of the Wards.
M. de Beaumont, Prefect of tlie-Autle, and Al. Coster, Pre.
feet of the Upper Rhine, also took the oaths.
(From the Pilots of Wednesday.)
(PRIVATE LETTER.)
ZAXTE, SEPT. B.—Mavrocordato, at the head of 3090 men,
has left Missolonghi to attack Omer Paella.
Letters from Salonica confirm the news that flirty Greek
ships disembarked souse troops at Epanonis, a village situated
very near to that town, who defeated in several engagements
the troops with which the Pacha . opposed them. It is stated
also for certain, that they entered Salonica. We are waiting
with the greatest impatience for fresh details.
It also appears, beyond a doubt, that the Turks attempted to
land at Samos, and failed in their attempt. Their fleet, attacked
by that of the Greeks, suffered a considerable loss. ft is assert.
eal that the ship of the Captain Pacha blew up, and besides thee
ship, they lost three frigates, two brigs, and several transports.
The troops which landed obtained no advantage whatever.
The fleet of Mehemet AR Paella sailed from Alexandria on the
19th of July. It is pretended that it has reached Rhodes, but
we know nothing certain about it. The Greek squadron Is in
pursuit of it.
TRIESTE, SEPT. 14..—The packet boat arrived at alit port
from Corfu to.tlay, which place it left on the 3d September, and
immediately the report of the ship of the Capitan Paella being
blown up by the Greeks spread itself through the town. The
letters from Curfu not yet being distributed, this important
news only rested on the statement of an honest passenger, who
had just arrived In the, packet, The following is his account t—
" An English ship arrived from Missolonghi at Cord(,
bringing the news that Canaria had observed the oath which
lie made at Hydra, having blown up the Captain Yacht with
his ship t but Canaria himself had perishod, a victim of his
heroism."

( From the Coneltutionnel.)
111 AD ft ID, SErr. 16.--( Circular from the Minister qf Wur.)
......" Convinced of the necessity of augmenting the corps of
Royal Volunteers, who are the firmest support of legitimacy
t in all parts of the monarchy, and. moreover, well persuaded
that the individuals who compose these corps, and those who
in future may enrol themselves, will never, in any case deviate.
from the qualities displayed by those who, in the melancholy
circumstances of the past times, always showed themselves in
the middle of the dangers which surrounded them, the faith-
ful defenders of the throne and the altar ; wishing, on the one
hand, to repose in them all kinds of confidence, and being,
on the other hand, persuaded that it is the surest method
of preserving public tranquillity, that the power of the pas-
sions and the genius of evil tries in vain to attack ; per-
suaded also, that those who have merited the honourable
title of Royalists will never, by their conduct, give any rea-
son to complain ; and being further decided to bestow on
them all every necessary protection, his Majesty desires that
the Captains-Ceneral commanding the
.provinces, shall im-
mediately occupy themselves in organizing and disciplining,
without sparing any pains, the Royal Volunteers in their
respective departments, putting for this purpose, all the
resources they can derive from their authority, in requisition ;
exciting the zeal of the Municipal Bodies to second the inten-
tion of his Majesty, and taking immediate. steps to On the
corps of Royal Volunteers more strength than they &tyres
.en,
have. You are charged to take care that those who enr umfgq-
selves are the decided friends of the King our master:. and you
are not to admit among the volunteers persons whose conducr
may render them unworthy of this honour, and still less thole
whose opinions, whether political or religious, are at all doubt-
ful, for it is the will of his Majesty that the title of Royalist
Volunteers shall only be given to those who have marred-
themselves worthy, by their morality. His Nlejesty will
consider as a service the eflbrts Made by the Municipal
Bodies to preserve order and security, sustain the rights
of sovereignty, maintain unimpaired the religion of our
fathers, as well as the customs and manners of this gene.
rous nation, which constitute the happiness of chaise who
have been attacked by the corruption of dangerous opi.
nions. His Majesty will he also well pleased if the Muni-
cipal Bodies propose to him without delay the means to adopt
and provide for the expence which may be required for the
armament and equipment of such volunteers as are riot
able to arm and equip themselves, particularly in populous dis-
tricts; for it is there where the organisation of the Royalists :is
most necessary, and requires to be most speedily performed.....;
The Captains-General ought to inform the Municipalities, hat
this important object interests both the security of the King
and the safety of the State. All these measures shall be askipted
till his Majesty, after long reflection, shall judge proper to
rectify, modify. or cause to be executed, the Decree of Feb.
26, last. Ilis Majesty expects, from the zeal of your Expel.
lency for the benefit of his service, that you will hasten to aug-
ment and organize the corps of Royal Volunteers in the. di -
pointingplace
tonu out the nailer your
Ataitlentsy.'slnloisticAelajesty ofm-
ferent towns of the provinces placed under your command, and
that 'll
send me every fbrtnight an account of the effective state WI
ththese" Icon::
Whets peculiar importance to this obiect.
" By order of the King. 66
OSEPII A YMERICA.
" Madrid, Sept. 6."
Fntricri FUNDS, PAWS, SEPT.
101 f. 25e. ; closed at 101 f. 10c. ; Hank 82totk,r4vo2esPert Nespoti-
tanell"one month, 25f. 20c. ; thrL9agmonths, ...".q. -sc.—( C°"/ 4:
Five per Cents. 89# ; Ames d'
London, tie, 10.-Exchangc on
41141 hen ague. )

I N DI A.

:At3BA3l.
TNT. IPREPIENT SEAT OF WAR ON ,THE NORTIT.EASTERN
' FRONTIER OF TIIE 'BRITISH POSSESSIONS IN INDIA.

'Prom the Asiatic Journal for October, 1824.]

The seat of war on the Burmese frontier being now removed
from Cackar to Assam, a short sketch of the latter country will
doubtless be interesting : in furnishing it, however, we shall
carefully avoid all dry detail, and strictly confine our observa.
tions to such particulars as may serve to chew the character of
the country, and the various difficulties and encouragements,
that are likely to be experienced by our troops.
Fire latest and most copious description of Assam, that has
yet appeared, is fromithe pen of Dr. Hamilton. It was pub.
lisped about four years ago, In -the second number of the
" Annals of Oriental Literature," 'and contains much valuable
information, though not precisely of the kind that is most de.
sirable for our present purpose. Dr. Wade,• and various other
minor authorities, being more explicit as to the nature of the
country, climate, &c., will supply, therefore, the greater part
of the information we shall now endeavour to communicate in
an abridged and popular form:

Assain 'is, for the most part, 'a long valley, through which
the Booiampooter passes Prom the British frontier town of
Goyalparo, to the farthest extent of the province, being a dis-
tance of about 700 miles. A range of lofty mountains sepa.
rates it from l3ootan on the north-west, and another range
somewhat less elevated divides it on the, south-east from Jyn-
teeah, Cachar, and the Burman empire. Its average breadth
is estimated at about seventy miles, and its whole area at.
$O,OOO square miles.

The country is intersected by a vast number of inferior
ranges of hills, separated by the most fertile vallics, and wa-
tered by rivers tributary to the Boorampooter. Dr. Wade has
furnished us with the names of between sixty and seventy of
these rivers, most of which he affirms to be navigable for boats
•to a considerable height. He also states that he had heard of
the existence of numerous others, respecting which lie had not
betu.able to obtain any distinct or satisfactory intelligence.
The great fertility of the vallies arises from annual inunda-
tions, which commence with the smaller rivers, and soon place
under water the greater portion of the valley of the Booram.
pooter.t. These inundations are usually at their height in
May. As soon as the waters subside, the most luxuriant vege-
tation springs forth, so that' greater population is all that is
wanting to render this interesting country one of the most pro.
duotive in the world.

(ihergong, the capital of Assam, is described by a Moham-
medan writer (Mohammed Cazint) as situated in a highly cul-
tivated country—to quote his own words, as' " filled with such
an uninterrupted range of gardens, plentifully stocked with
fruit trees, that it appears as one garden. Within them are
the houses of the peasants, and a beautiful assemblage of co-
loured anti fragrant herbs, and of garden and wild flowers
growing' together." •

The bulk of the population is, of course, on the ImI)lis of the
rivers, excepting during the rainy seasons. The houses, twine,
constructed of bamboos, are quickly restored after the inun-

datlofl3.

It would appear, from the description. that is given by the
Mohammedan writer we have already quoted, that in his time
the country was in a more flourbihing state than has been the
case of late years, for he describes the -principal causeway as
the Only spot of uncultivated ground to be seen between Sala—
gereh (Goyalparah ?) and Gliergong. We must make allow.
ance, however, for the eastern style of hyperbole.
The !lame cause which gives the country this extreme ferti-
lity, renders its climate, however, most unhealthy. The exha-
lation which arise when the waters begin to subside arc most
pernicitius. This evil would, doubtless, be lessened if there
was a sufficient number of inhabitants to clear the country,
which. is nearly covered with impenetrable jungles, not more
than one.eighth of it being cultivated.
This deficiency of population is partly, owing to continual
diseentions between the petty chiefs, a circumstance common to
all mountainous tracts, The numerous tribeS inhabiting As.
sam arc as various in character as the face of the country itself.
Those which reside in the most elevated districts are as bold
and rough as their native rocks while the dwellers in the prin.
cipal valley have been occasionally branded with cowardice.
The hourly collision, however, which has always prevailed be.
- tweet) the, various races, has given a hardy, and ferocious eha.
racter to the general IllaNS, of the inhabitants.
Many attempts have been made to conquer the Assamese, but
they were never fairly subjugated until about two years ago, when
the llarreese obtained complete possession of the country.
Whenever their territories have been invaded, they have always
deserted the valley and lied to the mountains, from whence, on
00 'setting in of. the rains, they have descended and cot off the
armies of their enemies. Assam was once invaded by Hossein
Shah, Nabob of. Bengal, with a considerable force. The As-
CNC immediately abandoned the plains to the temporary,
rule of the Moslems ; 'Hossein returned, therefore, to Bengal,
leaving his son with the whole army to complete ie conquest
of the country: As soon as the inundations commenced, the
roads became impassable, and the course of the river could no
longer be traced ; the Assamese, therefore, descended from the
mountains, hemmed up their enclitic:4, and intercepted all their
supplies of provisions. The whole army of the invaders was
soon annihilated, by this judicious style of warfare.
f t Is likewise stated by native historians, that at a subsequent
period Mohammed Shah, Emperor of Ifindoostan, attempted
the conquest of Assam with an army of 100,000 cavalry, which
entered the' country, and was never heard of more. Another
army was sent soon after for the same purpose, but the troops
became so panie.struck, on their arrival in Bengal, that they.
refused to ptoceed any further.
The great Emperor Aurungzehe was equally unsuccessful.—
According to Hamilton, a force was diapatched against Assam
• during the reign of this Monarch, under the command of rtlir
Juinleh ;' his army, however, " was so roughly handled by the
enterprising and warlike Assamese, that he not only was com-
pelled to make a precipitate retreat, but to yield up a large part.
of-the lands which had belonged to the Moslems-before the in-
vasion took Place." 4:
The late success of 'the Burmese in completing the conquest
of Assam may be attributed to two causes. In the first place,
it is most likely that they invaded the country at- a period when
it was greatly depopulated by internal dissentlen. Secondly,.
the nunnese appear to have learnt, by a long course of dear.
bought experience, the best mode of conducting military ope-
rations in mountainous regions. We have described in former
numbers, the-stockades, which they are in the constant habit
of constructing at every stage of d' it progress in a strange
country,, and keeping well supplied with stores of provisions._
We have related, also, that an unsuccessful attack upon one of
these stockades gave us, on aMe occasion, a painful lesson.—
The following extract f a letter from Silhet will be found to
furnish, however, more complete and general information on
this head than has been already given :
" The Burmese are equipped with muskets generally, anti
each men carries, besides, a dhor, a mall knife or two, sunilar
to our chopping knives, and perhaps one or two artificers' fools,
and is obliged, agreeably to standing army orders, to march
with ten small anti ten large bamboo spikes sharpened at both
ends. They invariably stockade at halting places, and chose
generally the hanks of nullahs, or a position possessing natural
(*stacks against a surprise if available, and affording materials
for their purpose. AS other Indians, they do not proceed by
long and continued marches, but by easy stages, never omitting
to mend in advance their scouts to reconnoitre the surrounding

• "1 Dr. Wade accompanied Captain 11.,:lsh's expedition into
Assam in 17113, and remained two years in the country. We
have seen a MS., written by this gentleman, containing various
geographical memoranda of Assam, and copious extracts from
it in another quarter. A larger work was transmitted by him
to Europe for publication nearly thirty years ago, but has not
since been heard ot'.
' t Several gigantic causeways have been constructed by the
natives, for the convenience of passengers during
_the inunda-
tions, and were inexistence when the Mohammedans first in-
vaded the country.
• ; Major Stewart, on. the authority of various Illahomedan
,
writers, has.stated, his history of Bengal, that the remit of
this camnign was successfUl. His account of its progn4s,
Lowe. ver, is certainly not promising as to such result.
Ferislita, who, aa Mithommet fin historian, is anxious, of
course, to draw a favourable picture,, informs us. that the cam-
jd oi of: the anceceding )Tar,Wlo terrninatal by the death of the
ectiiorpler, wbu fdi a vict4ll to the same pestilence that visited
his trOops.
•

country, and levy contributions of grain and cattle for several
days' consumption. After a march of three days, they usually
halt for as many, which time is employed in strengthening
their position and obtaining information, to which end they pro-
ceed very far from their camp, and the most minute thing
rarely escapes their observation. The party in advance, which
probably precedes the main body a day or two, cover them-
selves by means of a small stockade, in the rear of which they
construct a large one, the sire of which is according to the num-
ber intended to be accommodated. if their number is consi-
derable, or if their stay is intended to be long at a place, they
make a succession of them. The usual form of this fortified

camp is an oblong square, having a parapet wall of mud, two
feet and a half high in front of a ditch, the same width and
depth. Sometimes when a stand is intended to be made, the
parapet is four feet high and six thick, with a proportionately
deeper ditch, and a bouquet to fire from.; to this is affixed a
strong fence of large bamboo and beetle trees well bound toge-
ther, from 8 to 12 feet high, matted inside to screen the garrison
from rain, the interior space is excavated, or rather overrun
with sunk redoubts, having trenches communicating with one
another. The approadi to the place all around for the space of
30 feet is thickly studded with pikes inclining outwards, from
four to five inches high ; these —likes are as sharp as the sharp.
est penknife, and then removal in the face of a smart fire of
musketry would be next to impossible, and we have no means
of keeping the fire under, since the garrison are completely hid
from view. Thus their stockades, with perhaps only a single
entrance, and that completely masked, are more formidable by
far than a regular fortihoation, the only means of taking them
being by tiring their cboppahs, which can only be done by
means of shells, the absence of which at the late unsuccessful
attack on Doodpatlee, is very much to be regretted."
It must at once be evident that nothing can be better adapted
for a mountainous country than such a style of warfare ; and
if we are correct in surmising that intestine war had already
thinned the inhabitants, we may cease to wonder that the Bur.
man Monarch has at length succeeded where greater potentates
have .been so often foiled, and mighty armies totally annihi.

fated.
We have now given a brief description of the country which
or
iuvre
dt rforoopnill whei
dr ei
a.'aboluiht
etoceonutnertrywloinentitliele latest
Assaine
sien tbeol lrictern is
se apror
bably the very worst sample, doubtless it is a very bad one.—
A thick reedy jungle on the banks of the Boorampooter, in
some places 30 feet high, through which there are no roads but
only die tracks of buffaloes and wild elephants, is the country
through which our troops must pass, unless they ascend the
river in boats. The distance from Goyalpara to Oohed, which
is the strongest post in the western division of Assam, and is
occupied by the Burmese in considerable•force, is described as
about 70 miles. Allowing, however, for the windings of the
river, we conceive it must be considerably greater.
We are not informed as to the exact amount of force under
the command of Brigadier General Mac Marine, but we know
it to be considerable and are assured that it will not commence
operations without being well provided with all the requisite
materiel for a lengthened campaign in a difficult country. We
have likewise the satisfaction of reflecting that the experience
derived from Capt. Walsh's expedition in 1793, will serve as a
valuable guide to direct the operations of the approaching cam-
paign. That expedition was undertaken under favourable cir-
cumstances, the object of it the restoration of a deposed
Rajah, who had fled into our territories for protection from the
fury of a rebellious faction ; the commander was sure of the
support of a very considerable body of the adherents of the ex-
iled Prince, he experienced, therefore, none of the reverses, and
scarcely any of the obstacles which former invaders had encoun-
tered. He remained also in the country sufficiently long to
make a fair experiment.* The present invasion of Assam, if
such it may be called, is undertaken under auspices of a yet
more favourable nature. The whole country is decidedly hos.
tile to its present rulers, it submits by hard compulsion : we
have not to fear therefore, that the great body of the inha-
bitants will suddenly forsake the plains, and shelter them-
selves hi the mountains, until a fair opportunity offers
of cutting oft' the supplies of our troops, and pouring
down upon them when distressed by famine. The con.
verse of such a picture may be fairly looked for. ‘Vhatever
resources the Burmese may have obtained from the country in
which they are stationed, whatever supplies of provisions, and
whatever contingents of troops, we know that the first will soon
be exhausted, and that the second are but forced auxiliaries.
The best resources of the country, including the active aid of a
hold and fearless population, will henceforth be transferred to
us.—The anticipation of these advantages has doubtless cons
tributed greatly to render the mar so popular, as we hear it has
become, amongst the British and native troops.
There is one consideration, however, which gives us any
thing but satisfaction. We believe that it is intended to pass
the rainy season in the country ; and we fear that such a course
is necessary if we are to assume offensive operations in this
quarter; for even supposing that, by the aid of a navigable
river, our troops should immediately succeed in dislodging the
Burmese from their strong position at Gohati, it must not be
thence inferred that the latter will instantly evacuate the coun-
try. Let it be remembered that the province of Assam is 700
miles in length, and that nature has filled it with natural fast-
nesses. They will fall back, therefore, upon their resources,
fortifying themselves with stockades at every stage of their re-
treat. Rungpore, which is reputed as the strongest fortress in
the country, is. situated nearly at the furthest extremity of the
valley, and close to Ghergong, the capital. We must neces-
sarily follow them thus far, before we can congratulate ourselves
in having obtained substantial advantages. This will doubt.
less be too much for one campaign ; for the rainy season will
commence not many weeks subsequently to the first entrance
of our troops. A considerable body must, therefore, be placed
in cantonments at Gohati or some other favourable station, in
order to secure such advantages as we may have gained, and
to he ready to recommence operations as soon as practicable.
There is every thing to dread from the climate on the term'.
nation of the rainy season. On all former invasions of Assam,
pestilence has been a powerful auxiliary to the sword of the
brave inhabitants. This is a fact which is fully admitted by
even such Mohammedan writers :Ware most anxious to blazon
the successes of the armies of the faithful. We hope, there-
fore, that it will not be deemed. requisite to canton the whole
body of the invading army in such a country :' this, however,
must be left to the discretion of the Commander, as well as the
adoption of such precautions as former. experience has ahewn to
be the most effectual,
When once we have expelled the Burmese, and re-estab-
lished the former Government, it will be easy to make such ar-
rangements as may not only ensure the future independence of
die natives of these mountainous regions, but render them, in
every sense of the expression, friendly and desirable neigh-
bouts.

"We have every reason to believe that the numerous tribes
which inhabit the wooded and almost. trackless mountains
which are so broadly spread betwixt our own possessions and
those of the Burman Monarch, are favourably disposed in
general towards the British power. When contrasted with
their eastern neighbours, we doubtless gain much by the com-
parison. We have never interfered but to assist them. The
Burmese, on the contrary, have carried on • for many years a
worse then predatory warfare, numbers being annually stolen
to be carried into interminable bondage. The Rajahs of Tip.
penal and Jynteeah, and several minor chiefs, have been in
strict alliance with the British Government for several years,
and we are well informed that others are eager candidates for
similar protection.
It was suggested, a short time ago, that it would be expe-
dient to enlist a number of these hill people into our army, and
form them into a corps for the better protection of the frontier.
This measure is now being carried into effect, and will give us
the inestimable advantage of commanding the services of a hotly
of troops, for this frontier of our dominions, not only hardy
and brave, but accustomed to mountain warfare, and proof
against the fatal ravagesof a pestilential climate.
In geography, science, and general research, we may reason-
ably look for considerable advances as the result of the oppor-
tunities which are now opened. We know little or nothing of
van tracts of country stretching eastward from our own pos-
sessions, except from the feeble lights that have been afforded
by uneducated or barbarous natives. Dr. Hamilton [formerly
Buchanan.' has done much to obtain an insight into regions
which he was unable to visit. When attached to Symes's em-
bassy to the Court of Ave, and when subsequently stationed at
Goyalpara, lie collected every information lie was able to ob-
tain from the most intelligent natives, and even procured from
them sketches of various districts. A more accessible field is
now before use and we trust that the example of this eminent
gaoler will be ably and vigorously followed.
But the greatest benefit of all will accrue to the natives them-
selves, as the result of ►►eneral intercourse. Many of the re-
motest tribes are little advanced beyond a state of nature. lire-
published in our ninth volume, page 2.5.1, a short account of
the Koonkees, a savage race inhabiting the more easterly por-
tion of the wooded mountains which separate the British terri-
tories from the Burman empire. These Koonkees may ►erhaps
be ranked amongst the moat uncivilized of the tribes which in-
habit these wild recesses, though even they have maintained a
commercial intercourse with our provinces. •
• The natives of' Assam, and the mountaineers in general,.are
far more open to instruction than our Indian subjects; for
they appear to be nearly, if' not wholly unshackled by that odi-
ous system of caste, which has hitherto been found so grand an
obstaele.to all improvement. Their progress will be slow and
gradual, for their intercourse with us cannot be frequent; but
we trust it will be sure, and that under our protecting care they
will ultimately renounce their predatory and ferocious habits,•
and, yield to the social and meliorating influence of arts, letters,
civilization, and Christianity.

'The best information we possess respecting A ssani, is de.
rived from the partial surveys and inquiries that were made by
various individuals during this opportunity. .