The Sun.
London, England, 1864-06-11 00:00:00

miles.

Mr I'Anson's Caller Ou, 6 yrs, lOst 21b (Challoner) 1
Mr Savile's Guerilla, 3 yrs, 7st 10Ib
Mr Lowe's Gibraltar, aged, lOst 21b (Custance) 3
Betting-5 to 4on Caller Ou, and 100 to 40 agst Gib-
raltar.

Guerilla and Gibraltar, the former with a slight advan-
tage, made the running, the mare lying off. Descending
tbn 1,9,1 iminley bottom
Challoner brought Caller On up to the quarters of the
leader. On passing the road he loosed her head, and
coming into the straight went alongside, passed him at the
Stand, and went in a winner by ten lengths.
A Plate of 100 sovs, added to a sweepstakes of 10 sovs
each, 2 ft, for 3-yr-olds and upwards. Weight for age.
The winner to be sold for 300 sovs. Swinley course. 5
subs.
Mr H. Joice's Jessie, 3 yrs, 7st 31b...... (J. Grimshaw) 1
Mr Nelson's Gamecock, 6 yrs, 9st (Cowley) 2
Mr G. Angell's Dunkeld, 4 yrs, Bst 91b
.. (Perry) 3
Colonel Martyn's Oberon, 3 yrs, 7st 71b (Morgan) 4

Betting-7 to 4on Jessie, and 100 to 30 agst Oberon.
The latter and Dankeld raced for tho lead into the
straight, where the favourite came up next the rails, and
won a close race with Gamecock by half a length ; a bad
third.

A Plate of 50 sovs, for 3-yr.olds and upwards; optional
selling weights. Half-a_mile. 9 subs.
Mr T. Hughes's Dolphin, 4 yrs, Bst 121 b (X 180)
(T. French) 1
Lord Westmoreland's Wild Thyme, 3 yrs, Bst 31b (£100)
(Morgan) 2
Mr Parker's Divertissement, 3 yrs, Bst 31b (L 100)
(S. Adams) 3
The following also ran :—Hawkshaw, Queen Elizabeth,
Lord of the Manor, Knight Templar, and Donkey.
Betting-7 to 4 agst Dolphin, 7to 2 agst Queen Eliza-
beth, 4 to 1 agst Wild Thyme, and 5 to 1 agst Lord of tho
Manor.

Hawkshaw was the first away, followed by Wild Thyme
and Queen Elizabeth, with Dolphin lying on their right.
From the distance Dolphin and Wild Thyme came on to-

gether, the former winning easily by half a length. There
were three lengths between the second and third, Lord of
the Manor fourth, Divertissement fifth, and Queen Eliza-
beth sixth.

LATEST BETTING.
ST. LEGER.
3to 1 agst Blair Athol (taken)
4to 1 agst General Peel (taken)
sto 1 agst Scottish Chief (taken)

NEWTON SUMMER MEETING.—JUNE 17.
Acceptances for the South Lancashire Tradesmen's Cup.
About a mile and a quarter.

-
Age et lb Age st lb
Blithfield
Flytrap
Borealis
Blondin 4 8 5 Inheritor
Fontenoy
Gaily
EXECUTION OF FOAIMERAIS.

PARIS, Friday.—The execution of Dr. Conty de
a Pommerais took place at six o'clock yesterday
morning. Every night since Mon lay crowds of
ptuplC 12.1..tte, and re-
mained until daybreak. They desired to see the
execution with their own eyes, and resolved to
sacrifice their rest to their curiosity, particularly
as there were rumours that a commutation of the
sentence was probable. They again went to the
ground as early as nine o'clock on Wednesday
evening, and took their station as before. The tide
advanced every hour, and soon after the prison
clock struck one their attention was roused by the
rumbling sound of approaching carts. Any doubts
they might have had were at once dissipated, for
the carts were laden with the pieces of the instru-
tr ent of punishment. As the night wore on the
multitude grew more dense, and before five o'clock
there could not have been less than 30,000 people
of all classes. The bearing of many betrayed the
feeling which urged them to the foot of the
scaffold. An ignoble ballad, called " The com-
plaint of La Pommerais," had circulated for
some days past in the streets of Paris. It was
hummed, or drawled with others of the same
style, close to the place of execution ; and the
pastime was diversified with indecent jests, which
were received with loud laughter by many, and re-
proaches by a very few. Atter the fashion men,
women, and boys passed the hours till every star
had gone out, and the beams of morning fell on
the walls of the prison.
La Pommerais, who was not informed that his
petition to the Emperor was rejected, but who had
evidently lost all hope, seemed much more collected
since his sentence than he had been during his trial.
His father and wife were allowed to see him on
Wednesday. The interview took place in the par•
lour of the prison ; but they were separated by a
double grating, through which they were just able
to clasp each other's hands. The anguish of the old
man and the poor creature who was so soon to be a
widow was heartrending. She clung to the grating
as if she would not be torn from it; her husband
was more self-possessed. They lingered as long as
they could, but at last the moment for parting came.
The prisoner went to rest at the usual early hour,
and still under the supervision of the prison officials;
and he slept soundly the whole night. At half.past
5 in the morning the governor of the prison entered
the cell. La Pommerais started up in his bed, and
before he had time to speak, the governor told him
that all hope was over; that the petition for mercy
was not granted, that he must prepare for death, for
his last hour was at hand. He evinced no surprise;
he only said, "I am ready." In a few moments the
chaplain of the gaol, the Abbe Croze, entered the cell.
The guardians fell back a short distance, but not
out of sight. The convict had previously several
interviews with the Abbe, confessed his sins, and,
it is said, received the sacraments—but what he
confessed will remain a secret for ever. When the
priest made his appearance La Pommerais rose to
meet him, and threw himself into his arms. He
had hitherto been unmoved, but as the reverend
gentleman clasped him to his breast he shed tears.
While undergoing the last preparation, in which the
hair is cut close at the back of the head, he listened
apparently with attention to the exhortations of the
chaplain, and the prayer for those about to die.
When all was ready he was asked to take some re-
freshment, but declined. Before he quitted the cell
the head of the Department of Public Security
asked him whether he had any disclosures to
make, or whether he wished to say anything.
" I have said all I had to say," was the reply.
These were his last words, and from that moment
he answered only by a nod of the head to any re-
mark that was made by those about hien.

The gate of the prison was thrown open at a few
minutes to G, and the crowd outside became sud-
denly silent. La Pommerais, with a paletot thrown
over his shoulders, was seen to mount the steps of
the scaffold, supported on one side by the Abbt-:.
Croze, who held up the crucifix before his eyes, and
on the other by one of the gaolers. The cord which
bound his feet did not prevent him from moving,
and he advanced with a steady step, but with his
head bent, towards the fatal instrument. He
paused for an instant, once more embraced the
priest, gave himself up to the executioner, and was
laid on the plank. The cord that held the machine
was cut, the ponderous blade rushed down, and

exactly as the prison clock gave the last stroke of
six human justice and the inhuman curiosity of the
mob were satisfied.
The headless body was placed in a coffin, and the
coffin in a carriage. The good priest who stcod by
his side to the last moment of his life aid not quit
him in death. He entered the carriage containing
the coffin, end, still praying over it, accompanied it
to the cemetery, and saw it laid in the earth.
The curiosity of the people did not end with the
execution ; they rushed towards the spot where the
carriage stood or to the scaffold, in order to touch
the boards, and it required all the eff/rts of the
large body of police and of the Moua• ed Paris
Guards to keep them at a distance and maintain
order. Though the deed was over, the crowds
lingered some time on the spot, and the morning
was far advanced before they retired.
Had Pornmerais' sentence been commuted, the
penalty of death must have disappeared altogether
from the Code. Now that the wretched man has
paid the penalty of the crime of which he was
found guilty, not to speak of others of which
it is said there were strong suspicions, I may
say that public opinion was unanimous as to his
guilt. The humanitarians themselves, who are
trying to get up a movement for the abolition of
capital punishment, have not a word to say for this
man. Among all classes the conviction is the same
—that—he had committed a foul murder under cir-
cumstances most aggravating, and for vile purposes.
A commutation in his favour would have roused
bad blood among the lower classes. They knew that
only a few days ago a butcher's boy who had mur-
dered a man at Versailles, and mutilated the body
of his victim to conceal his crime, suffered death on
the scaffold. Were mercy shown to one who had
far less to plead in his favour, it would have been
attributed to his position in society ; and not a
working man in France but would have said that
the one had no mercy shown him because he wore
a blouse; while the other escaped the guillotine
because he spoke and dressed like a gentleman.
The Emperor's kindness of heart would have in-
clined him, had there been any fair pretext, to
save the criminal from the ignominy of a public
execution, out of regard to the prayers of the father
and the tears of the wife. But the fact that the
jury, who are ever ready to avail themselves of a
trifle to add the saving clause to their verdict, de
tested not a single extenuating circumstance; tha
the Court of Cassation, after long and anxious de

liberation, absolutely negatived- his appeal ; that

only a minority of the jury would sign the petition
in his behalf; and that the majority of the Minis-
ters urged that the law should take its course, made
it impossible for the Emperor to act otherwise. The
prisoner's counsel, NI. Lachaud, exerted himself

greatly after the sentence was pronounced. As

have already mentioned, he had an audience both
of the Empress and the Emperor. The Empress,
who listened to the supplications, shed tears while
she heard the wife's story, but nothing could be
done to justify disturbing the verdict or the dLci-

sion of the Superior Court. The commutation o

the sentence on La Pommerais would, I repeat, have
been followed by the abolition of the penalty of
death, and the guillotine would have disappeared
from France for ever.

Of the origin and history of this famous instru-
nsent of punishment an erroneous idea generally
prevails. The popular version is that it was in-

vented in 1785 by Joseph Ignatius Guillotin, an
eminent physician, and deputy for Paris in the Con-
stituent Assembly. This is not correct. An instru-

ment differing from the guillotine only in its heavy
and cumbrous construction already existed in Daly.
It was known in Genoa by the name of 2nanuaia,

and it was by that manuaja that Beatrice Cenc

was bcheaded at Rome in 1605. The maiden, an

ioQtrument not unince the guillotine, was long
known in Scotland, and it was employed on the
Mgent Morton, who is said to have introduced it.
It was used, also, in Halifax, Yorksb;re, in the

reign of Queen EiizAbeth. Ttie Duke of INiontmo

reney was beheaded at Toulouse iu 1632 with the

manuoia.

All that Dr. Guillotin, who was a man well
known for his humanity, had to do with the matter,
was preparing the draught of a law in the Consti-

tuent Assembly, in 1789, to the effect that the mode
of inflicting death on criminals should be the same

for all alike, without distinction of nobles or ple-
beians; in fact, that it should be uniform. Before
the Revolution of 1789 the inequality that existed

during life was maintained in death ; the noble was
beheaded, the villain hung from the gallows. But
the inequality was a trifling grievance in compari-
son with the cruelty which accompanied the exe-
cution, There was the stake and faggot for those
convicted of sacrilege or heresy; the tearing from
limb to limb by horses for regicide; the breaking
on the wheel, with the additional refinements of

barbarity for crimes of other descriptions.

Railway and Public Companies in Parlia-

ment,

Further evidence in favour of the East London
Railway occupied the committee on metropolitan
railways yesterday, Mr Bowley, manager of the
Crystal Palace, being examined in its behalf. He
appeared to be of opinion that the proposed line
would furnish facilities to the vast population of
the east end of London, in connection with the
fresh air and scenery of Sydenham, and the at-
tractions of the Crystal Palace, and stated that
since the Palace had been opened, now for some 8
or 9 years, upwards of 15 million people and visited
it. Mr Burke, the engineer of the line, was also
examined at considerable length. The case for the
Stonehouse and Nailsworth Railway was opened.
It proposes to run from their station at Banbridge
to the Great Western west of Stroud, to raise
£27,000 by extension shares and £9,000 by loan,
to attach a preferential dividend to unissued shares
to the amount of £20,000 in the company's Autho-
rised capital of £66,000, and to contract
Engineer-
ing With the
Great Western and Midland to work it.
evidence chiefly engaged the committee on the
b new lines, North Messrs.
h Staffordshire Company's
Harrison
eing examined by
Mr. Denison, Mr. Aspinall, and
others, The com-
mittees on the Brecon and Rhymney, and St. Helens
tails and clauses. In the comenmgiat
and Lancashire lines, were
teed
onall
theday
Sheffieldon dew
Inundation Water Bill, Mr. Denison opened the'
opposition to the measure on behalf of the inhabi-
tants and corporation of Sheffield and the district,
who object to being taxed for damage occasioned
by a public calamity. In Lord Redesdale's com-
mittee the bills of the Oswestry, Ellesmere and
Whitchurch, Royston and Hitchin, Exmouth
Docks, Holy well Railway, East Norfolk, South
Eastern 1 and 3 Bills, and London, Chatham, and
Dover, for establishing steamboats between Rams-
gate, Boulogne, and Rotterdam, were passed.

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