The Sun.
London, England, 1852-07-26 00:00:00

career by the stumble of-a horse on a summer's evening
ride from Sevres-to Breteuil; yet it is still more remark-
able how many of the companions in 'arms of Napoleon,
who escaped in early life did peril's of innumerable bat-
tier, have died at-last by reore Vulgar aceidentg.
I It is probable.that Eke vaeaa-rcy,thus-crtated---in the
list of 'Marshals of France will giro erlditicinal force to
the claims Of thoie to,Whose military support Louis Na-
poleon is 50 deeply indebted. , It was, hovvever, already
bonteraplated that the mimes of the new Mari-bola would'
be declared on the `lstli of August, and this event will
render their promotion, more easy and natural, for there
are now buff Our French Marshal's in existence, of whom
lereaic Bonaparte is one, and
,two more are -disqualified
,for service ,try eld .age; As political proscription' has
4rwept 'away:Arm most prominent and worthy candidates
`for these eppointments, and as time
,accustoms Men to
any caprices of fortune, we*ehall. probably see General
St..Artiatikan'd General Castellado in the highest rank
of the French army.—Times; - .

,CUTTINO OF THE XOll-I-IVOOR. •
The first-Istep was taken on Friday afternoon in the
progress of an operation intended to bring 'forth' the
beauties of this celebrated diatuoncl into a greater pro-
eniiience than they.have hithertei exhibited. This pre=
eious stone, which was the cyunsure of the. World's Ex-
hibition al 85Is attracted, from multitudes who last-
year gazed tipon it, expressions of disappointment at the
somewhat dim radianeseof itit lustre, not fulfilling the
expectations entorteined from the high flown descriptions
sivhich had been given of the Mountain of Light—a title
which many beholders held to be misnomer. This die-
-appointment having came to the knowledge of those into
swhotet possesaion it had passed, suggested the desirability,
If practical, of effecting such alteration in the shape of
the diamond es would remove the admitted defects of the
oriental cutting, to which it had been subjected by its
original preprieters. With this view, the opinions of va-
hriaous scientific gentlemen were taken and some dotebte
th big beep expressed as to tti-e- possibility of cutting
e gem w4_houriccurling a great risk of its destruction.
Professor Tentrant and Mr. Mitchell were especially
requested to examine and report upon the practica-
bility 'of the suggested improvement. These scientific
gentlemen accordingly prepared areport; wherein
th • •ey admitted the improvement which the proposed
alteration
in shape would effect-upon the Koh-i-Noot,
but expressed fears that • any lateral cutting would
endanger its integrity. It was then determined to sub-
mit the matter to the opinions of practical lapidaries;
and with that view the Crown jewellers,
_Messrs. Gar-
rardsof Penton--street, Haymarket, were instructed to
obtain a report from - competent persons , versed
en diamond mating. Those
consulted Messrs. M. and
sterdam
E. - CLetnetir eznoefn thereupon
'(the diamond cutting trade having been entirelyAn lost to
this country), who, while admitting the .accuracy
'fears expressed in the report of Professor Tennant f and
the
Mr. Mitchell, nevertheless were of opinion that the
dangers were not so formidable as to prevent the in-
tended operation from being safely effected,
provided the necessary skill of superior artists was
employed. This opinion- was sufficiently encourag-
ing eo induce an order for the preparation of the
-requisite niachinery to be erected upon the premises of
Messrs. Garrard, and accordinglya small steam-engine
of from two to four-horse power wail erected, under the
direction of Mr. Joshua Field, of the firm of
Maudslay, Field, and Sons, which was on Friday after-
noon for the first time put into practical operation. His
Grace the Duke of Wellington having manifested great
interest in the precious gem, so associated with the land
of the East, where his first, end not least glorious, lau-
rels were won, attended several times during the pro-
gress of the preparations, and on Friday honoured the
establishment in question with his presence, to personally
assist in the commencement of the delicate operation
about to tabu place, this being the largest diamond
cut in Eerope for at least one century. His Grace
was received by the Messrs. Garrard, and the Kolt-i-
Noor having been embedded in lead, with the excep-
tion of one small salient angle intended to be first
submitted' to the cutting operatiop, his Grace placed
the gem upon the scaife—an horizontal wheel revolving
with ' almost incalculable velocity—whereby the -ex-.
• posed angle was removed by the *Wien, and the
first facet of the new nutting was effected. This,
the first _step in the operation, forms but a small
item of progress, as it is expected that the work, under
the heeds of the two Dutch artists to whom it has been
entrusted, will occupy a period of some months, it be-
ing, as may be conceived, a work of great delicacy, in-
volvieg an equal amount of skill and care. "The Koh-i-
Noor is intended to be converted into an oval brilliant,
and the two smaller diamonds which accompany it are
to be similarly treated as pendents. The present weight
of the principal gem is 186 carats, and the process now
iu course of progress will not, it is anticipated, diminish
in any material degree its weight, while it will largely
incre.ee its value, and develope its beauties. Some con-
versation took piece respecting the doubts imputed to
hate been cast by Sir Brewster upon the identity of
the Koh•i-Noor; but the general opinion amongst those
best ecciainted with the subject appeared to be, that it'
teas impoel•ible for Dhuiccp 3ingh to have palmed off a
4otitionS diambnd, when Lis coeatitriffy -wearing' it on-
rendered it perfeotly familiar
state- c eiiitdeee Mste t he"
'to rekeusee as who Would- Instantly-h..vs. 4:lctee bed ,nny,
attempt subsitution. The more probable assumption
was stated to be, that the weight of the Mountain of
Light had been more Orieatale somewhat exaggerated.
We 'regret to add, that _Mr. Sebastian Garrard,
in superintending the erection of the machinery, had
the misfortune to fall through an aperture in the floor,
thereby busking one of,the .
small bones of his leg • an
present on - Friday
accident whlch preventea, being
lasts --
The; end historical sketch of this celebrated diainond
is as follows :—The Koh-i-Noor was found in the mines
of Gelconda, and was presented by
successors it
the Viceroy of the
Deccan to the Great Mogul, from whose
was taken by Nadir Shah. On the assassination of
Nadir Sliab, it was seized, with his treasury, by
his general, Ahmeed Shah,
the
sedates, who took it
of which ho became
to his native country, Affghanistant Shah Sooja, when
the'. sovereign. His descendalts
him, and throw-
obliged to fly his country, took it with
leg himself upon the protectionof Runjeet Singh, was,
by a little torture skilfully applied to the
made to surrender it to his generous host. On Runjeet's mind and body,
late
death it was inherited by Dbuleep Singh, and on the
revolt and defeat of the elb s was yielded to the
treaty se
British Crown by special clausein theluau
con-
cluded.

RAILWAY —------;-161.N ThLLENC E.
DUBLIN AND DROGHEDA RAILWAY.—The works on,
the extension line of this railway,from NaVan to Kells,
are progrossing,,and it is expected that, in the course of
a few months, it will be ready for traffic,
ENN/SE/LLEN AND SLIGO RAILWAY.—It appears that
the. grand jury at the last ats:zes in Sligo passed a reso-
lution approving of a project for a railway to connect
the towns'of Sligo and Enniskillen, and pledgingproote i
them-
selves collectively and individually to promote
every means in their power.
Tan GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY.—The towns line
of this railway opened on Thursday last, by which the
town of Tuxtord is placed in a position (as regards the
transit of heavy goods, coals, agricultural
_hed
produce,eetr
iee.)
ed o
r The
tooky
which it has never enjoyed before,/ having
rail or water conveyance within six miles of thetown.
opening of this line has long been anxiocuoslnylotoi k
the inhabitants; but no particular demonstration
place on the occasion:- A large party, si
contractors, inspectors, &c., of the works, wistif sgevoefrsaillboi
the' tradesmen of the town, sat down to an excellent
dinner at the Sun Inn; Mr. Dexter, draper, Ste., occu-
pied the chair; numerous toasts having been proposed
songs sung, the party
anctresporided Sc, and several
separated, after spending a pleasant -and convivial
evening. "It is further proposed to celebrate the o
ing of the line, is far as t is town is concerned, by a rut:
lie dinner at the beginning
.•
Hotel, from which inn an - e - month, at Mannell's
omnibus runs to meet, each
train at the station.—Doncaster Gazette: - -
1141r..wiire IN SPAlN.—Projects for the improvement.
of the means of communication
country and another, between ono part. of the
a4Odr
-
h
attention at the.hane
to- be receitieolcdreased_
ti of the'Spaniiii Go4ernment: T
Madrid Gazette publishes the decree ranting their eon-
egIOPEI to the company formed; iLondon: for the ca-
nalization iof the
--- Ebro. The 11-
o r Contains the
semefilk emaarid _to Iran,_
definitive concession of the -.lws
at)_tia royal decree at the i,Zi iiLel:tbariseit-112:
of public property to Abe preyinceaof Eurg°'; 1
Val
nad Z-
Avila, Lokrono, Valencia, Salamanca
aeg"ial' ill in the
more, the proceeds of which are to be We .42
shares of this line,—Railway Record. -
---

F BRIO
y. liiifhl: wo-,ilew
_. deep
•ly. d
A SCENE OF HORROR.
On Monday
tag','eveni us I_7l A mi., cars 'were seized'
f feat and terror. -Every
ening g, ider uP
with the livliest emotion:en°
gathering' in groups, eon-'
where they might be luiroed tones,.and all directing
versing iq. ae1q,1,49 ::inful intensity, towards an ob-
verge of the horizon Westward.,
their gent :wk,h"„n` the
ject just rris"": -wore dimlY
In that du -
of ern.,ke, and red glare '
first tats aPP. ~
At
omentarkty to b© discerned rising clouds
reflected on the still-Waters.
8 esranee 'wits scarcely perceptible;; but
MOM vivid, the smoke thicker,
it beeam''tnfighter, and then there ran from- end
the
flamee,ciff to the other . the exciting intelli-
of
that
there
•NTEIS " a ship en fire in the
pence,, All was novz confusion. Ladies were running
to and fro on the Esplanade, demanding why some-
thit7g was not
,clone---why somebody was not sent out?
Gentlemen poised their telescopes, and, nautically astute,
wer,e,,heertl to declare that "there was a fire in her hold,
—4,terrifie fire in heirliold," "But why are there no
flames ? " asked the bewildered crowd. t` She's
smouldering," answered they with the glasses; "she'd
burst out directly. Now, now., No, that's a signal
of distress run up the , mast., ,Bee, they re: an•
sewing .;it at_ Worthing." The crowd could
see anything. They were answering. at northing.
The flames were bursting out; tbeypzuldsee thein:nw,
antL see the coast-guard rushing down to tile beach, put
off their boat, and make for her, whileother heats were
following.L Ohoihookiug. shocking!. In the midst of the
excitement the.,,Ted glare ,suddenly Vanished. " She's
gone :
ddoWP," own!' shrieked sontele*6le
,s
ct
_peatatort;: 6, She's
reiechoed far and ,wide;_ea the ex-
Jmessions of sympathy and alarm were piteous.