The Sun.
London, England, 1864-03-12 00:00:00

THE S ITN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVEN ttks?, iv ARCH 12, 1864.

perfectly idle to attempt to stop the tide that was now flow-
ing; and not only would the proposal be inoperative, but
it would tend to increase and encourage rather ti.en to ar-
rest emigration.

Sir IL PEEL said that, with regard to the objection
which had been urged against the coat of registering
births, deaths, and marriages in Ireland being defrayed out
of the poor rates, it should be borne in In' nd that in this

country a large amount of money raised by poor rates was
devoted to purposes unconnected with the relief of the poor.

He agreed with the hon. and learned member for tho King's

County that the system of out-door relief in England and
Scotland was a vast improvement on the Irish system. The
arguments of the hon. gentleman, howeve-, would tend to

create an impression that in Ireland no out-door relief was
granted at all ; but his opinion on this subject was alto-

gether incorrect. The endeavour to introduce into Ireland

a system of out-door relief, similar to that of Great Britain,

would not meet the wishes or the requirements of the Irish
people; and if it succeeded, the persons who received relief
would be placed in a higher position than the honest and

independent labourer. Every halfpenny expended in out•
door relief which was not absolutely required was a premium
for vice and misery, and if the system proposed by the how
gentleman were introduced into Ireland, it would be found
that the results would not be commensurate with what was

. .
met with in England and Scotland. As regards ont-door
relief in Ireland, although no doubt the Act of 1838 was
greatly improved in this particular by the Act of 1817, no
individual had a right to receive such relief. When he

introduced the bill of 1862, he proposed that persons hold-

ing a quarter of an acre of land should be entitled to

relief from the guardians of the poor; but an amend-

ment was introduced and arguments were brought

forward to show that under no circumstances whatever

were the occupiers of more than a quarter of an acre to

receive relief. In this country the guardians could afford
relief to an unlimited extent, but it was provided that,
in the case of able-bodied men, part of such relief should
. _ _

be in food and part in money, and that the recipients
should be set to work. Now, in Ireland there was no
system at all like that ; but it was distinctly understood
in 1838, when the poor law was first introduced into that
country, that it should not create a right of relief in all
classes of persons. Let the house consider for a moment
what would be the expense of carrying out this scheme. It

was certain that the burdens of the country would be enor-
mously increased. At the present moment the expenditure
per head on the population of England and Wales was Cs
3d, whereas in Ireland it was only 2s 2d. If, however, Ire-
land were to pay the same sum per head as England and
Wales, the result would be that, instead of £6b2,000 a year
in poor law relief, she would have to pay £1,757,690. He
did not think his hon. and learned friend would be very
much pleased at bringing about such a result. As to the
alleged inadequacy of the Irish system to the requirements

of the people, he would remind the house that in 1849, when
the system was in full operation, with the exception, of
course, of the liberal improvements introduced in 1862, no
fewer than 2,143,766 persons were relieved, and £2,177,000
was expended in the country. There were therefore ample
means to meet any emergency that might occur. The hon.
gentleman had alluded to the emigration, which had no
doubt been of a very vast and extended kind, but it could in
no way be attributed to the operation of the poor law. It
might be interesting to state the amount of emigration that
had gone on and was going on. Last year 119,788 persons
left Ireland ; but of that number 62,988 were men, and
56,800 were females, It was, therefore, not true that
100,000 fighting men had left Ireland, as had been stated.
(Hear, hear.) Of these emigrants, 14,842 were under the
age of ten years. During the first two months of the
present year there had been a considerable increase in the
emigration as compared with the corresponding months of
last year. He believed that this emigration was not dna
to the poor laws, bat to natural causes, which were
in operation and must continue ; and he thought it
better that the people should remove to England or
America, where they could get good wages, than remain
in Ireland, where these was not sufficient remuneration for
their labour. It was only natural, looking to the wages
offered in America, that people should proceed there rather
than remain in Ireland. And when they considered the
prosperity of Irishmen who went abroad, they ought not to
blame the emigrants. These people were quite right to go
where they could find that reward for their labour which
they could not obtain in their native country. He did not
think we had seen the end of the emigration from Ireland ;

on the contrary, he thought that before the state of that
country became what they could wish, another million must
leave. The effect of this would be to relieve the labour
market, which was now glutted, and thus to improve the
condition of those who were left behind. Another cause of
emgiration was the general desire to get rid of the small
holdings, which had done so much injury to the country.
During the last few years the number of holdings under 30
acres had largely decreased, while those above that size had
increased. Now this was a desirable result, for it was im-
possible that any satisfactory result could be attained by
men holding five or ten acres. The condition of such men
would be very much improved if they became agricultural
labourers at good wages. Nor should it be forgotten that
the emigration from Ireland was not a solitary fact ; it was
part of a general movement which was in process from the
west of Europe to America. From Germany especially
there had been an immense increase of emigration, From
England there had emigrated 640,316 persons, and from
Scotland 102,954 persons, during the ten years from 1851 to
1861—and the present annual average was 74,000. He
maintained that, great as was the emigration from Ireland,
there was no general discontent there. They had no
doubt Fenians there, and strong meetings in the Rotunda;
but these demonstrations did not indicate the real feeling
of the people of Ireland. They had in Ireland a rebel
press, whose object was to vilify the authorities and to
retard the progress of the country. Was it to be wondered
at that poor men who read such articles shoal 1 prefer to
emigrate rather than remain in a country of which these
things were written, and under the influence of agitators
like these, whom he regretted that the law could not
reach? He did not suppose that many gentlemen in that
house knew who the Fenians were. He would tell them.
(Laughter,) He found from a note to one of Moore's poems

:hat the ancient Fenians were the nationai militia of Ire

land. (Laughter.) Pursuing his inquiries further, he dis-
covered that in the third century there was a king named
Cormack, who had ten daughters—(renewed laughter)—
one of these married Fin M'Kemma, who, although a man
of independent means, took such a liking to his father-in-
law, that he raised a regular militia called Finnii-Frian, or
the national militia of Ireland. These militia fought the
battles of the king, and gained the greatest distinction. At
last they quarrelled amongst themselves, and the king of
the time said that he could not endure their dissensions any
longer, and at the head of the national army he annihilated
them all with the exception of one wan, who lived until tin
time of St. Patrick. (Laughter.) During the winter they

were billetted upon the people, but in the summer they
fished for themselves in the country. They boiled :their
food in big pots—(laughter)--but before eating they were
obliged to strip themselves naked. (Renewed laughter.)
They slept
,in trees, like the gorilla of the present day.
(Roars of laughter.) They were bound not to marry for
money, but for love, and to fight nine men of any other na-
tion, (Laughter.) The aspirant for admission into their
ranks was obliged to prove his speed by running through a
wood pursued by the rest of the Fenians, and he 'was not

enlisted unless he could get up to and ascend a particular
tree before he was caught. (Laughter.) He hoped that the
Fenians of the present day would confine themselves to this
harmless amusement, and not pursue the course which had
led to the annihilation of their predecessors. He would
now return to the consideration of the existing condition of
Ireland. It was a remarkable fact that the number of cri-
minal offences in Ireland in 1863 exhibited a decrease of
1,200 as compared with 1862 ; and a further improvement
was visible in the present year. Daring the month of Feb.,
1864, not a single homicide had been committed in any part
of Ireland—a fact unexampled in the history of the crime in
that country. It was not true that the trade of Ireland is
falling off On the contrary, there were many proofs that
there was a spirit of enterprise abroad amongst the people,
and many great improvements had recently been made.
The hon. gentleman then referred to the cultivation of the
Sax crop, which he regarded most hopefully, and concluded
by expressing for himself, and his colleagues in the Irish
Government, their earnest intention to do all in their power
for the substantial improvement and permanent benefit of
that country. (Cheers.)
Mr. BRIGHT, while thinking one portion of the speech
of the hon, gentleman was much below the dignity of the
house, complimented him on the moderati'on he had shown,
but remarked that there was not a single argument he had
used that would not be quite right in a discussion in favour
of abolishing out door relief in England. In this country,
in the year 1862, there were 1,142,000 persons relieved, or
more than 5 per °eat. of the population of England and
Wales; in Ireland there were 66,000 persons relieved, or
not more than 1 per cent. of the population of that country.
In England, out of those who were relieved, 13 per cent,
were in the workhouse and 87 per cent, out : in Ireland 91
per cent. were in, and only 9 per cent, out of workhouse.
It might be that the tendency of poor laws in every country
was to promote pauperism ; but we had a poor law of a libe-
ral character in England, one less liberal in Scotland, and
one infinitely less liberal in Ireland. And he would venture
to ask the house on what ground it was that an Irishman
in his own country had no claim for relief from the land,
buildings, and property in his country unless he went into
the workhouse ; but if he came into the county in which he
(Mr. Bright) lived, and in which they had a large Irish po-
pulation, that same man, if overtaken by distress when he
had lived among them three years, had a right f'or relief
from the rates levied on the houses, lands, and factories of
that county, The state of things now was very different from
that which existed in Ireland in 1347, when the poor law,
as it had since existed, was passed. Notwithstanding
the distress which now existed in Ireland, the population
was much less than it was then, and whatever might be
the system of poor law relief, it would be much more easily
administered, and the burden, whatever it might be, on the
land would be much less than it was at that time. It was
to be presumed that a state of things was approaching in
that country under which labour would be more scarce,
wages would be higher, and the proportion of the pauper
population there would diminish year by year. If that
were so,were they now coming to the time—if they had not
now arrived at it—when, without unduly burdening the
land of Ireland, which was its main property—without

adding too much stimulus to pauperism—Parliament might
consent to equalise the law, and make it exactly the same in
Ireland as it was in England ? He could find only two
arguments against that course, One which was very dis-
creditable to Irishmen—that was, that Irishmen had very
little disinclination to accept the relief of paupers ; and the
other was that the right hon. gentleman was afraid that the
Irish proprietors and the whole of the class above the poorest
could not be trusted with the administration of the law so
safely or advantageously as the corresponding class was
trusted in England. That :might be so, but he could not
think we Englishmen need to be influenced b} that argu-
ment, for if Ireland had been a thousand times further in
the Atlantic, we should still have been obliged to leave the
law towards the poor to be administered by the rich. He
was not surprised that the population of Ireland should in
very large numbers find its way to a country where wages
were so much higher ; but it did not follow that we should
retain a system of law which would allow a man in Ireland
justly to tell his countrymen that he had not justice from
the imperial Parliament, and that the only country in which
he could be respected as a man was one in which he (Mr.
Bright) was sorry to say the Irish people would form a very
considerable number of whatever party there was in that
country hostile to this. (Cheers.) The hon. member, having
quoted the opinions of Lord Carlisle, went on to say—lf we
had a good principle in England, we ought to adopt it in Ire-
lend; and if we had a principle rejected in England, but known
to be just, we ought to try it in Ireland. There is no humilia-
tion in Austria speaking of Italy, or in Russia speaking of
Poland—there is no humiliation so great as that which is
attached to this country when it is said we have ruled over
Ireland without dispute by a united Parliament for more
than two generations, and we find it now—by the consent
of every man, Catholic or Protestant—we find it now pau-
perised to a great extent, and disloyal and disaffected to this
house and to the English Government to a greater extent,
perhaps, than at any other period in its history. (Hear,
hear, and expressions of dissent.) I have heard a gentle-
man holding a position in this house say what would be the
result if there landed a French force in Bantry Bay. He

said, not to me, but in the hearing of a dozen persons, that
he believed such a landing would be received with unani-
mous acclamations throughout the whole of the south of
Ireland. lam not responsible for this. I have always
spoken in favour of equal justice to that people. The very
fact of your doing that, even if you did not get any practical
result, would still be a balm to the feelings of Ireland; and
it the noble lord at the head of the Government could make
up his mind to this, and I call it a small concession, he
would be amply compensated by the gratitude and good
will of the people of Ireland. (Cheese.)

Sir J. WALSH admitted the moderation of the Irish
members in speaking on this question, and condemned the
speech of the hon. member for Birmingham as the most in-
tammatory. and the most characterised by demagogism that
he, during his experience in that house, had ever heard fall
from the lips of any speaker. He had only risen for the pur-
pose of expressing his deep regret that an hon. member
whose words would no doubt echo to Ireland, should have
used his power of eloquence to widen the breach and endea-
vour to aim a blow at the interest, prosperity, and good
feeling which ought to exist between Ireland and England.
Mr. MAGUIRE totally differed from the hon.
baronet who had just spoken in his estimation of the
speech of the hon. member for Birmingham, and of the
intention of the speaker. He believed, with him, that
there was a feeling of intense exasperation and discontent
in Ireland. A general opinion was entertained that things
were getting worse every day, and that the sooner the mass
of the people left the country the better. That showed
something to be radically wrong, which ought to induce
the Government to endeavour to find out the cause, and to
provide a remedy. He did not believe that the enormous
misery of Ireland was to be attributed to the poor law. He
would suggest to his hon. friend, instead of the vague re-
solution which he had put before the house, which was open
to comment and misinterpretation, to bring in a bill to amend
the existing poor law in Ireland. One of the notorious
causes of the misery and discontent and emigration from
Ireland was not having in the south the same system of
tenant right which existed in the north. It was the duty of
the Government, as a matter of imperial policy, to deal with
that. if it was dealt with in a proper spirit, he believed it
would bo the best means of stopping the tide of emigration,
which was now carrying away the strength and energy of
the country. Referring to the operation of the Irish poor
law, the hon. gentleman expressed a strong opinion in
favour of the extension of out-door relief, as more economie
cal, and as not tending to degrade the objects of relief so
much as taking them into the workhouse.
Major S. KNOX, in answer to the most intemperate and
offensive speech of the hon. member for Birmingham, would
only say that if a French army did land in Bantry Bay, the
men of Ulster would rise in defence of their rights and
liberties.

Mr, BRIGHT said he had never stated that if a French
army landed in Bantry Bay the people of the country would
hail their arrival with delight. He had merely quoted the
statement of an Irish Protestant gentleman to that effect.
Lord NA.AS twitted the hon. member for Birmingham
with having drawn a most di,mal picture of the condition
of Ireland, and nevertheless suggesting no remedy. It was
a remarkable fact that, although the hon. member pos-
sessed more talents and more eloquence than commonly
fell to the lot of members of that house, and although he
had for so many years enjoyed a seat within its walls, he
had never yet proposed a measure of the least benefit to a
country which he was accustomed to describe as being in so
deplorable a state. (Hear, hear.) His belief was that the
condition of affairs in Ireland had been grossly exaggerated,
and although he regretted to see tile stream of emigration
flowing from the country, he knew full well that it was de-
pendent upon causes far beyond the reach of Parliament.
(Hear, hear.) Those causes were various, but assuredly

the absence of a tenant right was not one of them, for in
the counties where the custom most prevailed, such as Do•
negal and Monaghan, the rush of the tide was greatest, lie
did not blame the poor people for becoming the victims of
delusions, but he did blame those who ought to know better
for ascribing the difficulties of Ireland to wrong causes.
Aud in the present disaffected state of the country—and it
was well known a great amount of disaffection prevailed

there—he was certain that there was no one who had in-
curred a greater responsibility than the hon. member for
Birmingham. He believed that the leading principles of the
Irish poor law ought to be maintained, and that nothing
would more conduce to the extension of emigration and the

increase of evictions than the introduction of a general sys
tem of outdoor relief into the country. (Hear, hear.)

Mr. HENNESSY then announced his withdrawal of the

motion.
THE ROAD ROUND ST. JAMES'S PARK.

Sir W. FRASER called the attention of the First Com-
missioner of Works to the state of the road round St.James's
Park. He hoped the road would be put into decent repair,
and that it would be made a macadamised road.
Mr. COWPER said considerable care was taken to make
the road in question a good one. It was not in a very com-
fortable state now, on account of a large quantity of granite
which had been put upon it, but he had no doubt when the
roller was laid over it the road would be restored to a good
state. The badness of the road hitherto was owing to the
very great traffic and the wet weather ; but he did not think
it was worse than other roads of the metropolis,
SUPPLY.

The house went into committee of supply pro forma and
almost immediately resumed.
VOTE FOR ARTIFICERS IN THE DOCKYARDS
Mr. MASSEY brought up the report of supply.
On the vote for pay of the artificers in the dockyards at
home being read,
Mr. BRAND moved that the vote be re-committed.
The motion was agreed to.
SUMMARY PROCEDURE (SCOTLAND) BILL.
This bill was read a second time.
MARINE MUTINY BILL.
This bill was read a third time and passed.
LAND SECURITIES COMPANY.

Sir J. FERGUSSON, in committee of the whole house,
moved, "That the stamp duty, payable on the mortgage
debentures, transferable by delivery, issued by the Land
Securities Company (Limited), shall be the ad valorem
duty which, by the Act of the session the 16th and 17th of
Vic., C. 59, sec. 14, was prescribed in the case of mortgages
given by public companies as therein expressed?'
Agreed to.

FISH TEINDS (SCOTLAND).
Sir W. DUNBAR, for the Lord Advocate, obtained
leave to bring in a bill to provide for the commutation of
vicarage teinds on fish in Scotland.
CONSOLIDATED FUND BILLS.

Mr. BRAND brought up two bills which were founded
on the resolution passed on Thursday evening.
The several bills were read a first time.
The house adjourned at half-past eleven o'clock.

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MIDDLESEX SESSIONS.—March 11,

(Before the Assistant-Judge,)
The Court sat to-day to hear bail cases, and also those of
prisoners in custody standing over from Wednesday.
The first called on was that of James Edwards, the pro-
prietor of " Wombwell's Menagerie of 'Wild Beasts," and

the indictment thus set forth the offence :—" For that you

unlawfully did erect upon certain land in the hamlet of

Mile-end Old Town, in the parish of St. Dunstan, Stepney,
adjoining to a certain common and public highway,

and near to the dwelling-houses of divers liege subjects of
our Lady the Queen, a certain menagerie or caravan for the

exhibition of wild beasts therein, thereby occasioning a

great number of idle and disorderly persons to meet and

assemble; and by means of divers horns, trumpets, and
other musical instruments did make and cause to be made
in and upon the said land noises and disturbances, whereby
the streets, highways, and other public places adjoining
the said land were greatly obstructed and blocked up, and
the liege subjects of our Lady :the Queen dwelling in the

said houses and passing and repassing along the said streets
were greatly obstructed, impeded, and incommoded, to the
great damage and common nuisance of all the said sub-

jects." There were two other counts in this indictment

varying the statement of the charge.
The defendant in this case is the proprietor of what is

popularly known as Wombwell's Alenageiie, and it consisted

of 14 large caravans, filled with wild beasts. On the Ist of
February last the defendant set up his menagerie on a por-

tion of the waste ground just below the turnpike gate in the
Mile-end-road, and continued to exhibit there for about
three weeks. This piece of land'commenced at St. Mary-
street, Whitechapel-road, and extended down the road to
Charrington's brewery, a distance of about three quarters
of a mile, and varied in width from 4 to 30 yards. This land
is the property of the lord of the manor, but the various
shopkeepers had used the waste land in front of their respec-
tive shops for the exhiaition of their goods, and in some
cases the ground was I€t by the lord of the manor to them
at small rentals. The eay after the defendant brought his
menagerie on to the ground the police summoned him before
the magistrate at Worsaip-street, which was adjourned for
a week, and the summons was then dismissed, Mr. Cooke
considering that there had been no obstruction. The matter
was then taken up by be vestry of Mile-end Old Town,who
preferred this indictment against the defendant. When the
defendant was.before the magistrate it was stated that he
had subscribed to the local charities a very liberal amount
for the privilege of standing upon this piece of ground, hav-

ing obtained the permission of Mr. Faith, whose premises
were in immediate contiguity. It was also urged that the
defendant was a man of the highest respectability, and that
his menagerie had been patronised by her Majesty, and that
he had on several occasions been allowed the privilege of
standing at Windsor Castle, in the quadrangle within the
park, and her Majesty's household and royal children had
frequently visited it, end only a few weeks ago her Majesty
made the defendant a present of two animals for his collec-
tion. It was also said that this was not by any means a
prosecution carried on by the desire of the inhabitants, but
by a few of the vestrymen, and that a great majority of the
vestry were averse tc a prosecution of the proprietor of
Wombwell's Menagerie, as they did not consider it to be
a nuisance.

On the case being called on, Mr. Sleigh applied that it
might be adjourned, as he intended calling upwards of 30 of
the inhabitants of the neighbourhood on behalf of the de.
fendant, to prove that the exhibition complained of was not
a nuisance.

Mr. Poland said if the defendant only chose to plead
guilty, it would not be necessary to trouble the Court with
the case, as the prosecutors would be satisfied with his own
recognizances not to repeat the nuisance.
Under the advice of Mr. Sleigh, the defendant pleaded

guilty.
Mr. Mani said he wished to call his lordship's atten-
tion to to this case, as it had been denied that this was a
nuisance, but the prosecution had been instituted by the
vestry of Mile-end 0:d-town, as these beasts were confined
in carriages, and during the whole night they kept growl-
ing and roaring, accompanied by the playing of bands of
music, the beating of drums and gongs, with a collection of
a mob of 2,000 or 3,000 persons, and the greatest confusion
prevailed. The crowd that assembled was drunk and rio-
tous. The parish did not wish to press for any punish-
ment, but such assemblies must ho prevented, and, as no-
tice had been given that it was intended to hold a fair on
this ground on Easter Monday, it must be understood that
if such should take place the parties so offending woul be
prosecuted.

The Assistant-Judge said that such nuisances as these

could not be allowed to go on in opposition to the wishes of
the parishioners. If the defendant refrained from a repeti-
tion of that which had been complained of he would hear
no more of the matter. If, however, he persisted in going
on and offending, he would be at once brought up to this
court for judgment, and without any further trial would be
sentenced for this offence. He should call upon him to
enter into his own recognizances in the sum of £lOO to
come up for judgment when called upon.
David Jackson, 41, clerk, and Henry Whitty, 33, clerk,
were indicted for stealing six sacks of oats, the property of
John Oakley, the master of David Jackson.
Mr. Poland and Mr. F. H. Lewis (instructed by Mr.
Wontner) prosecuted ; Mr. Orridge appeared for Jackson;
and Mr. Montague Williams for Whitty.
The case occupied several hours, but the facts were briefly
as follow:—T►ie prosecutor is a cab and omnibus proprietor,
keeping upwards of 160 horses, and has three establish-

ments where he carries on his business, one being in Gold-
ington-street, St. Pancras, a second in Grey's. inn-road, and

a third in Little Gray's-ina-lane. The prisoner Jackson was
in charge of the yard; in Little Gray's•inn• lane, and there
acted as foreman while the business was carried on in part-
nership with a Mr. Cranfield for abcut five years. At the
expiration of that period a dissolution of partnership took
place, but Jackson continued to act as Mr. Oakley's fore-
man until the present charge was preferred against him.
Some months ago, in consequence of some housebreaking
tools being found secreted on the premises at No. 155,
Gray's-inn-road, and from other circumstances that came
to the knowledge of the prosecutor, a watch was set upon
him which continued for a long time by a constable named
Thorogood. On the 12th February, between 7 and Bin the
evening, Jackson came to the yard with a horse and cart
and drove to the gateway. Soon afterwards he came out of
the premises on foot, and looked up and down the road as if
to see that the coast was clear. The horse and cart was then
driven down the yard 1y The prisoner Whitty, Jackson fol-
lowing on the foot pavement until it arrived at a corn dealer's
shop kept by a man named Nicholson, in Little James-
street, leading from Gray's-inn-road to Bedford-row. The
cart here stopped, and Jackson concealed himself in a door-
way close by while Whitty took out six sacks of oats, which
were carried through the private door into the corn chand-
ler's parlour. The cart then left, Jackson following, but on
nearly reaching the yard it was stopped, when Whitty got
out and Jackson took his place and drove up the yard with
the empty cart. Whitty went into a publichouse close by,
the Calthorpe Arms, where he was soon afterwards joined by
Jackson. On leaving the publichouse Jackson stopped one
of Mr. Oakley's omnibuses, and told the driver to put his
friend down at the Elephant and Castle. Jackson was
arrested by Sergeant Cooke, who told him that he was
oharged with stealing six sacks of oats belonging to his
employer, and he replied that he did not do it, but that it
was another man. The sergeant asked him who the other
man was, and he said he did not know, when he was taken
to the station-house. The premises of Nicholson were
searched, and in the parlour were found six sacks of oats,
one of black and five of white, which were in sacks bearing
the name of Bowyer. Whitty managed to keep out of the
way until the evening of the Feb. 17, when he was met by
Thorogood, in Southampton-buildings, and accosted by him
as Harry Whitty, but he denied that that was his name,
and that Thorogood was mistaken as to the man, on which
Thorogood said he was not, that he knew him well, and
should take hin to the station-house on the charge of being
concerned with David Jackson in stealing six sacks of oats.
These facts were preyed in detail by several witnesses.
Mr. Orridge and Mr. Montagu Williams addressed the
Court on lsehalf of their respective clients.
The Assistant Judge summed up the evidence with his
usual care.
The Jury, after a few minutes' consultation, returned a
verdict of Guilty against both the prisoners.
Mr, Poland said that in 1850 the prisoner Jackson was
then a private iu the 7th Dragoon Guards, and was tried on
the 11th January, 1851, by court martial in Dublin for bur •
glariously entering the quarters of Lieut. Thomas William
Goff, in Company with Marley, who was executed for the
murder of a Mr. Cope, assistant to a watchmaker, in Par-
liament-street, some years ago, Marley being then a private
in the same regiment. The way in which this forcible en •
try was effected was by making a hole through the ceiling
from the room above. The officer was in his room and in
bed at the time, and being disturbed seized Jackson, who
swore he would murder him, and a scuffle ensued. The
noise caused by this struggle attracted the attention of other
persons in the barracks, and on hearing them come uustairs
Jackson seised a chairs and put it in front of him for the
purpose of hiding his face. He then rushed downstairs,
knocking several people over, and he would have got away,
but the non-commissioned officer who happened to be at the
foot of the stairs put out his foot and tripped him up. Far
this offence he was tried by courtmartial, and sentenced to
be transported for 14 years. He was the companion of
Marley, and gave him a character at his trial.
Mr. Orridge said there was some mistake about that sen-
tence, as it was immediately reduced to seven years' trans-
portation, and he was liberated in two years and a half.
Mr. Lewis said, in addition to this, about nine months
ago, in a room used,'by Jackson, in Mr. Oakley's yard, a
quantity of housebreaking implements were found. One
day also he went into Mr. Oakley's house in Gold ington-
street for some oil, and seeing Mrs. Oakley place £l6O in a
drawer, he went downstairs for the professed purpose of
warming the oil, which he said was congealed. He remained
downstairs until Mrs. Oakley had left the room, when ho
went up, opened the drawer by means of false keys, took
away the contents and disappeared. The drawer also con-
tained a check, but with a man so adroit as the prisoner it
was unnecessary to say that it was never changed.
John Chown, police-sergeant 5 E, said he remembered
the skeleton keys Using found in the room in Mr. Oakley's
yard, and he had to investigate the case, and he had a strong
suspicion that Jackson knew something about them.
Inspector Turpin, of the INI division, proved that Whitty,

was convicted at the Southwark Police-court on the 6th of

October, 1855, of stealing 581 b weight of tea, and sentenced
to six months' imprisonment. Since that conviction he had
been the constant associate of thieves.

The Assistant Judge said at first he was inclined to think
that Jackson had been induced to commit this robbery by
Whitty, but he then thought it was just the reverse of that.
The sentence upon Whitty was that he be imprisoned and
kept to hard labour for two years; but with respect to
Jackson, from what they had heard and what was known
of him, his offence must be visited with a severe sentence,
which was that he be kept in penal servitude for ten years.