The Sun.
London, England, 1852-03-06 00:00:00

DAILY WEATHER TABLE.

by the C3mmancler •in-Chief—uniting with these
also some of the responsibilities at present entrusted
to the Home Secretary. Once established—the
Secretary of State for the Defence and War Depart-
ments would be the man to whom the nation
could at all times of emergency forthwith ap-
ply for any desirable information. He would
be enabled thus to allay every anxiety felt by the po-
pulation. He would be empowered to take every
rational and requisite measure of precaution. He
would be, so to speak, the custodian of the 1E gis of
the Empire, capable at every crisis of extending the
shield of warlike authority over whatever part of the
country might be threatened with assault.
Already we have referred in terms of deserved
commendation to the pampblet* in which this Minis-
terial appointment has very recently been advo-
cated. The importance of its suggestions, however,
induce us again to revert to its pages fur the purpose
of directing upon them the attention of the general
community. They comprise within a brief compass
facts of peculiar significance—facts which are just
now more than ever entitled to a very earnest and
extended examination. After the passage quoted from
it in the course of our remarks on Thursday evening,
the writer goes on to show in a manner very admi-
rable for its perspicuity, the advantages derivable
from the nomination of this fourth Secretary
of State. He ought to be empowered, observes the
pamphleteer, so to organize the whole naval and mi-
litary forces of the kingdom as would enable him
thus to address the nation :—" As there appears at
the present moment to be very great doubt in various
parts of the country as to our security against fo-
reign attack, and as many brave and gallant men
have considered it their duty to sound the
note of alarm—and as several of our naval
and military departments are much found fault
with and strongly suspected of being in-
efficient—and as the Daily Press is earnestly
urging these matters on the notice of the public,
asserting that we are not in a healthy state, either
for defence or for war, and publishing every sort of
suggestion and every man's opinion, of what is ne-
cessary to be done, 1 consider it my duty to assure
her MAJESTY'S loyal subjects, that although we
entertain no doubt as to the honest intentions of
our neighbours, and of their good feeling towards
this country, yet that her MAJESTY'S Ministers have
not been inattentive observers of all that is passing
on the Continent, nor are they resting our security
only on our insular position ; every measure of
precaution has been taken to prevent the proba-
bility, if not the possibility, of any attempt being
made to insult or injure this kingdom by effecting
a hostile landing on any part of her shores ; but I
may add more—for should they, by some chance,

State of the Wind and Weather at each of the following
places at Nine o'clock yesterday morning.—The stationi,
are arranged in order of latitude.
Pia-mourm—Wind E., strong breeze—partially cloudy.
l'ooLz—Wind S., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
Bpjoirrov—W ind gentle breeze--cloudless.
HAsTorGi—Wind E., gentle breeze—cloudless.
Soom.Liarrox—Wind N., strong breeze—cloudless.
lorsizgrosig—Wind N.E., gentle breeze—cloudless.
TIDIRRLDGE—Wind N.E., calm—cloudless.
GREENWlCH—Calni—cloudless.
STROOD —Wind E., calm—foggy.
SWINDON— Calm—frost.
LRIGHTON—Wind E., gentle breeze—cloudless.
COLCHRSTER—Wind N.E., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
Chaeienicoog—Wind S., gentle breeze—cloudless.
Yeamot-TH—W hid S.W., gentle breeze—cloudless.
The returns from the following places indicate the state of
the wind and weather on Thursday morning at nine
o'clock :—.

Latzpic.a.—Wind S., calm—cloudless.
PituLuNGAß—'+'r ind calm—cloudless.
HaulmsGs—Wind E., gentle breeze—overcast.
HOLITIBAD--W ind S.W., strong breeze—partially cloudy.
LLNCASTICH— W ind S., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
WHITBY—Wind S.W., gentle breeze--cloudless, frost.
DerturferroN—Wind S.E., gentle breeze—cloudless, frost.
BEATrocx—Wind S.E., gentle breeze—overcast.

TO CORRESPONDENTS
No communication can be attended to unless authen-
ticated by the name and address of the writer.
Rejected communications cannot be returned.

I. • F 5)
. •
`mot f
••••• „
v

?p;

' Through fog or in darkness get o'er,
They will find ready Britons,
To meet them on shore.'

" In a word, then, I can assure the nation that all
our arrangements, preparations, and calculations are
made, and should any enemy be foolhardy enough
to make the attempt, and by any unforeseen accident,
effect a landing on some part of our coast, it might
take twenty, forty, perhaps even sixty minutes
before he could be effectually opposed, but it would
not be more than three or four hours before, with
GOD'S help, he would be completely annihilated or
driven into the ocean, for his vessels would have been
before that time destroyed or taken. The electric

telegraph will have given us instantaneous informa-
tion from every post, and measures have been taken
for the conveyance of the necessary force to the
spots where they would be required. I may say,
indeed, that every house has its appointed garri-
son—every position its artillery—every hedge its
skirmishers, men of known ability and zeal have
commissions in their pockets, and authority to
assemble their men, for as England expects every
man to do his duty, so every one has his proper
post assigned him, and although all may not wear
red coats all are prepared for action. The Secre-
tary of State for the Home Department has made

the necessary arrangements for, a reserve civil'
power, to carry on the duties of that department, so
that in case of any emergency its whole physical
force, which is extending itself most usefully in all
counties, will be handed over to me for the purposes
of defence and to support our gallant standing army ;
more I do not consider it politic to state, than that
the Government is fully prepared to avail itself of all
volunteer corps, either of cavalry or infantry. I ask
the confidence of the country."
Imagine, for a moment, the satisfaction of the
community at the present juncture, supposing
words like these were addressed to the nation by
his Grace the Duke of WELLINGTON. Let
a Secretary of State for our Defence and
War Establishments be appointed, and let
the present Commander-in-Chief of the Forces be
inducted into the office, and we warrant we should
very speedily have an end of these periodical panics
about invasion. A. change of this character, accom-
panied by the organization of a Standing Navy, and
by the introduction of a system that would place the
Army on a better footing in regard to its efficiency
is—we feel satisfied—the . most reasonable, the most
economical, and in every way the most advisable of
all the precautionary measures that could be taken
by her MAJESTY'S Government.

* " Manorandum on the Necessity of a Secretary of
State for our Defence and War Establishments," Szc,
London: Ridgway, 1852.

ceninti Ant
LONDON, SATURDAY,, MARCH 6, 1852.

A Secretary of State for our Defence and War
Establishments would effectually dissipate the fears
raked by the alarmists, and tend perhaps more than
anything to the consolidation of the British empire.
Is it extravagant to dream of the possibility of
wit-
nessing the establishment of this new Ministerial de-
partment in the Administration ? In the suggestion
itself we can recognise no very enormous temerity,
any more than we can perceive in it any very
egregious culpability. It would not by an.„, J
means
necessitate such changes in the government
of the country, that we should by its ad-
vocacy be aiding in the subversion of any
section whatsoever of the Constitution. Oa the con-
trary, the creation of an office such as the one here
proposed would necessarily assist in securing on
stronger foundations than ever those glorious insti-
tutions to which the people of England have long
dedicated the energies of their patriotism. The con-
struction cf such additional machinery to promote
the labours and extend the efficiency of the adminis-
tration would, we maintain, be an effort rather
of preservation than of innovation. It would
effect the union and concentration of powers
at the present moment deplorably scattered. It
would be the application in another and a more suc-
cessful way of capabilities, the value of which has
been hitherto deteriorated by their want of accord in
action and coincidence in policy.
It must not be imagined for an instant that by in-
sisting upon the advisability of having a Secretary-
ship of State for our Defencs and War Establishments,
we are propounding views in any respect
comparable to those which actuated M.
Louis iILA,_
N c in d
along Ass . demanding from the Na-
the regniation
"aoly the appointment of a 'Ministry for
of labour, for the Organization du
Travail. The latter request,
compli-
ance from tilo authorities by extorting a
would in
so
dolt titles of the French Republic',
g have inaugurated the reign of the
Socialists, if it had not
even a door for the ad-
miss ion of the pernicious doctrines of Communism.
The former request would, if
acceded to, merely con-
duce to the greater
security
the perils of invasion. A s of these islands from
Secretary of State such
of
as the one here spoken would connect together
the powers of the Secretary at
of the Ordnance, of the Board of War, of
. the Master
Admiralty, and of
the authorities at the Horse Guards, presided over

greater tact or judgment. He had intended not to I
have again solicited the most sweet voices of the
voters of the West Riding. He had " intimated
to his friends, that at another election, hejshould re-
tire from the West Riding, and that he hoped his
old friends at Stockport would have forgiven him for
allowing himself to be forced from them, and that he
might again represent them in the LPgislature."
"Not a month ago" he gave that as a final answer,
but circumstances had changed—the Whigs were out
and the Protectionists in, and therefore he was once
more at the service of the largest English consti-
tuency. They might if they thought proper elect
him and he would accept the responsibility. _

We hope and trust that they will do so. We will
not say that RICHARD COBDEN could not be spared
from the Legislature, and therefore must be elected
for the West Riding, for whatever the result of that
election he would easily find a seat; but we should
deeply regret any cessation of his connexion with
probably the most influential constituency in the
United Kingdom. Let RICHARD COBDEN, then, be
again elected gratuitously, and by a large and deci-
sive majority. It will be justly regarded as a de-
monstration in favour of the " big loaf"—of cheap
and untaxed food—and will not in any degree commit
the electors to the Peace Society humbug, or the
other fallacies which the Hon. Gentleman is rather
too fond of countenancing.

But although we would render every honour to the
champion of free trade, that is no reason why we
should elevate him into an irresponsible dictatorship,
and bow down submissively to his high behests, how-
ever strongly convinced of the injustice, the impolicy,
and impropriety of his arguments. We therefore felt it
to be an imperative duty to resist the proposition
which he made at Manchester for a factious and un-
warrantable opposition to the present Ministry—not
in reference to the measures that they may be en-
abled actually to introduce into either House, but as to
what they might be disposed to do if they had
the power. If ever
,there was a point satisfactorily
disposed of, it i 3 that there will be no attempt to in-
troduce anything in the shape of a duty on
the importation of foreign corn, either for
the purpose of protection or revenue during
the present session of Parliament. It has been
clearly, distinctly, and unequivocally shelved until the
voice of public opinion shall, with full notice, be
called upon to pronounce its judgment—a final judg-
ment, so far as the Protectionists are concerned—but
one that would lead to interminable contests if, by
any possibility, the cause of monopoly should gain a
temporary triumph. Why then revive the question ?
Why compel the party either to bring forward un-
tenable measures, or to renounce opinions which
they have a right to maintain, so long as they take
no steps to carry them into practical execution ? Let
us see what may be offered by the Government in
the way of social, legal, or financial re-
forms. The HOME SECRETARY only yester3ay
spoke of the propriety of a re-adjustment of taxation ;
that is our own opinion, and why should we en-
deavour to force back into office those who are
opposed to every amendment, and would retain
the ancient abuses with all their iniquities P
When we hear the Ministerial plan we shall be
equally willing to receive a tender from the Whigs
and Peelites, and then, without reference to former
quarrels, to bestow the prize upon the most deserving
—on those who offer the greatest boons
to the industrious classes. This is our object,
and we believe that it is what would prove
most beneficial for the community ; while we are
firmly convinced that the course recommended by
Mr. COBDEN at Manchester, but, we are
happy to say, scarcely touched on at Leeds,
would be highly prejudicial to the interests
of the community. For that reason, and that
only, we opposed Mr. COBDEN, and as firm and un-
flinching Free-traders endeavoured to point out the
propriety, the justice of showing fair play to the pre-
sent Administration, and not forcing the question
upon them until they exhibit an unequivocal determi-
nation to bring it forward.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
They give much consideration to the treaty passed
between the Government and the Bank, according to
which the latter, in consideration of reducing its rate
of interest to three per cent., and of making ad-
vances on railway shares, besides relieving the Go-
vernment of the immediate payment of the seventy-
five millions due by the State, has its charter con-
firmed to 1867.
The reduction of interest to three per cent. meets
with general approval, as does, indeed, the extension
of loans on deposits of public securities to railway
shares ; yet it is suggested by the Sicle that the
Bank directors ought to exercise a very sound dis-
cretion on this point, or they may be led away
further than they may probably be aware of.
It is calculated that 300 millions of capital will
have to be raised for the execution of the different
lines and branches lately conceded, not to speak of
some important concessions which are in contempla-
tion. The policy of the Government in making
this bargain with the Bank is plainly directed to the
encouraging of railway speculation, which it is
evidently feared may be pushed too far, and at some
future day lead to a dangerous financial crisis. The
Government plan for raising the condition of the
country would seem to consist chiefly in opening
large facilities for borrowing money, at the same time
pointing speculation to railway investments, and all
for sake of keeping the working people employed—a
Mr. COBDEN has entered uon a course of good motive certainly, hut the hints about prudence
p agita- thrown out by the Sicle are not unfounded.
,ion. The premier pas at Manchester has been fol- There is one article of the treaty with the Bank
lowed up by a second effort at Leeds, which we are which is disapproved of, and by which the weekly
happy to say was of a much more satisfactory cha- returns published in the Moniteur are to be sup-
rector than its predecessor, being comparatively free Pressed. Tne Bank will, however, publish a quer-
from many grave errors with which the former might terly statement ; but, as a barometer of the state
justly have been charged. His speech was delivered of trade, the weekly, accounts were held to be of
great value.
in the very heart of the important constituency which The Assemblie Nationale winces a little at the
had selected him as one of its chosen representatives— composition of the Government debt, although at the
selected him not on account of aristocratic birth, or of rate of 20s in the pound ; for to pay a bill with in..
unbounded wealth, but as one of the champions of stalments spread over fifteen years would, in the com-
a principle—selected him, too, without any solicita-
mercial world, rather shake the Ares ige of a firm,
tion on his own part, or canvassing on the part of his although not standing quite so high as French Re-
public and Co.. "Looking, however," says this
personal friends, but because his election, under such journal, "at the first demands raised on the Tree-
circumstances, would exhibit the most conclusive sury by the decrees which every morning meet our
evidence of the unceasing devotion of the numerous eyes, we must acknowledge that every penny is
and intelligent electors of the West Riding to the needed."
The Moniteur contains the last weekly account of
glorious doctrines of free trade, and their and-ringthe Bank, of which the following are the only ins,
hatred of injustice and monopoly. His election was a portant items :
graceful tribute of respect to the unquestionable services Specie ... ... ... 473,994,724
he had rendered to the good cause, but it had another Ditto, departments... ... 116,910,361
Portfolio ... ... ... 36,335.983
and still more important aspect; it was intended Ditto, branches ... ... 70,772,185
to show the utter hopelessness of any attempt to re- Advances on French Public
vive the vexata questio, or to bring back the obnoxi- Securities... „.
.
ous bread-tax. In that light it was considered by Mr. Ditto in departments ..
Advances to the state on Ex-
COBDEN himself, and in that point of view it was chequer bills ... ...
regarded by the country. It was not merely a Ai:lT...es to the state by the
personal compliment, it was the cause, not the indi- Treaty of June,
1848 .. 73,ouu,uuU
Advances to the Ville do
.
vidual, to which the tribute was paid. But Mr. COB- Paris on the provisional
bbEoNastraight well feel proud at being taken as one of loan of 20 millions ... 10,000,000
the most efficient and worthy soldiers fighting under Bank notes in circulation ... 429.432,600
that sacred banner, and to that extent he may justly
almost unparalleled how),
high and Ditto, branches ... ... 123,663,125
Credit to Treasury... ... 100,427,434
of the Accounts current ... ... 119,177,391
urunedonerferrtehde
upcierncuhmimst.ances,
Ditto in branches ... ... 27,669,874
The speech of the uSpecie has increased nearly 4 millions in Paris, and
lated chiefly to Gentleman on. at Leeds re-the subject
on which he had gained more than 11 million in the departments. The portfolio
has again fallen upwards of 5 millions, but im-
his former laurels. During the greater portion of the
time he was addressing the numerous and intelligent proved by more than 11 million in the departments;
thus showing that in the capital business has been
auditory, he was speaking
of the unequivocal ad- going from bad to worse. The notes circulation is
importation of corn into our
vantages of a free contracted 54- millions in Paris, remaining stationary
markets. There was this difference, formerly his argu- have in-
ments were directed to she better than a million. Accounts current
in the departments. Credit to Treasury has increased.
speak of the theory, now he was
enabled to practical results, which more the head
creased 4i millions in Paris, and nearly 11 in the
departments. The item of 75 millions under .
gume expectations of
the 1848, is
of advance to the State by .treaty of June,
"He fought his Free-traders.battles o'er again," that which has been compounded for by 15 years'
than confirmed the most ran •
not easily ;
a very decided vantage-ground, •
and with instalments.
that those who had
the certainty enjoyed the rose to 1061. 80e..
but from
which he was alluding would Five per Cents. opened at 1061. 600.,
blessings to w once I Public Securities were not so firm at the Bourse. The
closed at 106 f. 10c.
possession. t 0 p o tirt ra Y omforts of • 'its closed
which they ' for
tell subsequently to 1051. 85c., and
the end of the month; the Three per Ce. •
Rouen,
analogous to the effort
these advantages m• at 69f, 70c.; Orleans Railway Shares, 1,155 f.;
weArenyi n a actualt
te m p t
be induced to relinquish the c
iv; 1 ~
BUSINESS
, . 1 695 t • Havre, 275 f.; Great Northern,
2401 ; Viorzon, 550 f.; Basle, -
485 E; Paris and Strasburg, 5051.; and Tours Nantes,
be regarded as something
e ___.-- to 322 f. 50e.• Amicns to Boulogne, 320 f.; Paris and Lyons,
50e. 6151.;
Bordeaux,Avignon
To paint the lily, or cast AT THE
gailpderrfeutinineedonPthe violet." ~97F. 50c:
DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS,__
I
best light. His BoulogneLONDON STOCK EXCHANGE. DIARCII 5.
fuiMiy:. COBDEN, however, endeavoured, and succes-
to place these matters in the
illustrations came home to every working man's Indian,o 23L-
,s—LexembOurg -
, 3—Namur and Liege, 6A—
and Amiens 1214—Dutch Rhenish,.3.%—.East
Para and Lyons, 1014 3F— ,-s
and Rouen, 2734
northern of Franep, 90' —Orleans and Bordeaux, 191,
P/iris and
heart, and it is almost unnecessary to say that every
sentence on that part of the subject was greeted with i
and Strasbourg, es%
Manse, 3%—Tours and Nantes, lug.
the most rapturous and enthusiastic applause" 1
The Hon. Gentleman, too, did a little bit of elec.. 1 ex d..... Rouen and Havre, 11%s—Sambre
SPAIN.
tioneering on his own account; and we do not at all i Oar accounts from
The Duke and Duchess
blame him for the readiness with which he turned the
depart the following day for - Valencia
of MONTPENSIER were to
tide of enthusiasm into his own private channels•
brilliant reception,
; they gave a
Madrid are of the 29th ult.
at which General Aurick, the
The most dexterous and skilful agent that ever Frenck Ambassador, was received
dis-
managed A doubtful contest could not have exhibited, Unction. with marked

... 14,147,236
2,853,663

50,000,000

Senor IsTunlTz had departed for his post in London,
as Ambassador from the Spanish Court to that of St.
James. His departure is a natural consequence of the
change of Ministry.
The Madrid Gazette publishes the receipts of the
revenue for January last. They amounted to
76,160,268 reels, being an increase of more than six
millions on those of January, 1851. The Epoca
states that the Spanish Government is about to take
effective measures to clear the capital of the vagabonds
and thieves who infest it.

The 29th being Sunday, there was no Bolsa.

GERMAN Y.

The Wiener Zeitung contains a telegraphic dis-
patch, dated Trieste, February 28, from the Governor,
stating that the EMPEROR left Trieste by the war
steamer, St. Lucia, at five in the morning. Another
telegraphic dispatch, dated Venice, announces the
arrival of the EbIPEROR in that city at three o'clock
in the afternoon, and his enthusiastic reception by
the inhabitants. Dispatches are said to have been
received here from Berlin, announcing the desire of
the Cabinet that the Austrian Government would
take a part in the conferences of the Customs Con-
gress about to be held in that city. It is therefore
concluded that the Government will be represented at
Berlin by the Councillor of State, M. VON HOEK.
The intelligence from Warsaw respecting the
visit of the Emperor of RUSSIA to that capital begins
to acquire more consistency, but it is not known
whether he will go on to Berlin. Preparations are
being made on a large scale at Warsaw, and it is
evident that several illustrious visitors are expected
there.

The railway works for the line from Warsaw to
St. Petersburgh are being carried on with much
energy.

It is said that the Prussian Government has con-
voked the Customs Congress for the 29. h March.
The Diet of Weimar, in its sitting of the 26th ult.,
adopted the project of law re-establishing the privi-
leges accorded to the ancient knights of the empire.
A letter from Vienna, of the 29th ult., in the
National Gazette of Berlin, says :—" Letters have
been received here from Madrid, which affirm that
the Spanish
Government is soliciting the mediation
of the foreign powers, relative to the demand made t
on it by 1, t. 3 French Government for the repayment
of 115 millions-of francs, for the cost of the expedition
of 1823."

adopted, HOLLAND.
DRIES, that
The First Chamber, in its sitting yesterday,
after a long debate and by a majority of 16
against 12, the proposition of MM. VORHEY and VAN -
" Burgomasters after their nomination
shall be allowed to retain their seats as members of
the Chamber."
The
Chamber then commenced the discussion of
the project of law for the liquidation of the debt of
1851. After a very tedious debate, the project was
thrown out by a majority of 30 against 4.
The RING, accompanied by Prince HENRY, set out
this morning for Amsterdam. The illustrious bro-
thers intend visiting Friesland and Groningen.—
Dutch Papers, March 4.