The Sun.
London, England, 1852-01-13 00:00:00

trillit
•

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LONDON, TUESDAY JANUARY 13, 1852.

Among the numerous disappointments to which
Lady FRANKLIN has been subjected, perhaps the
bitterest of all was the recent abandonment of Lieu •
tenter); PIN'S Expedition Fortunately there is some
slight consolation in store for that noble-heerted
woman through the medium of the almost simulta-
neous announcement of the heroic project of Captain
DONALD BEATOON. Before alluding more particu.
larly to the scheme sketched out for himself by the
last-mentioned adventurous officer, it will be but
reasonable to comment, however briefly, upon the
circumstances which have led to the rejection of the
plan suggested by Lieutenant Pim. That rejec-
tion, it must be observed at once, is solely attri-
butable to obstacles thrown in the way of his
expedition by the authorities of the Russian Govern-
ment. Ostensibly the objections raised at St. Peters-
burgh against the carrying out cf the proposed un-
dertaking have been advanced exclusively on the very
honourable plea of humanity. According to the
opinions of the men in office under the Emperor
Nscuooas, it would be little less than insanity to ad-
venture upon the journey projected by Lieutenant
Pim for a variety of reasons enumerated by them in
an elaborately written statement. A copy of this
official report, forwarded to Sir RODERICK MUR-
CHISON by the Russian Ambassador, was last evening
read before the Royal Geographical Society,
in testimony that the Government at St. Petersburgh
maintained the scheme to be dangerous as well as
extravagant. It is asserted among other things that
the route traced out by the originator of this very
daring expedition is one of such astonishing pro-
longation, stretching across the immense wildernesses
of Northern Siberia, that it would be preposterous to
dream for an instant of traversing it in safety from
end to end, however comprehensive the precautionary
measures taken. "It must not be forgotten,"
says the report transmitted to the President of
the Geographical Society by Baron Bituriseow,
" that, in addition to the enormous distances to be
traversed, vast deserts must be also passed over,
which, buried tinder eternal snows, offer neither
means of transport, nor provisions." Beyond this,
it is energetically put forward by the minions of the
AUTOCRAT, that the deserts here spoken of are, in
reality, " unexplored regions, in which tribes of
savage people are scattered at wide intervals." Let
the admission which follows this confession b e par-
ticularly marked. Moreover, the admission that over
these savage people "the Russian power
exercises the slightest influence," the re
port adding
that their warlike character, barbarous customs, and
hatred of strangers, are such that the Imperial Go-
vernment would find it impracticable to guarantee the
personal security of Lieutenant Fix and his com-
panions in the expedition. As to the arguments
which follow by way of removing that gallant officer
out of his favourite 'project—a project to which he
bad devoted himself heart and soul—they are, to our
thinking, altogether too absurd and frivolous in their
nature to bear a single instant's consideration. Be-
cause Admiral WRANGEL, in the journey undertaken
by him some years since, deemed it advisable to
encumber himself with fifty sledges and six
hundred. dogs, it ii ridiculously reasoned that
Lieutenant Pim would be obliged to take
not only a larger number of sledges, but
(they are marvellously precise in their adverse calcu-
lations !) from 1,200 to 1,500 dogs—thereby, con-
tinues the statement, ruining the unhappy natives by
depriving them of animals essential for tl-emselves,
even supposing it to be possible to collect together so
large a number of these dogs from among the inha-
bitants. Now the roam of All this its obvious enough.

LON

The mere circumstance of a passage across Siberia
having been refused to an Englishman by the Russian
AUTOCRAT h significant. More particularly is the
fact of that refusal significant when it is borne in mind
that the Englishman so refused is one of our naval
lieutenants. Does it not suggest itself to our more
reflective readers, that there is in all this an anxiety
on the part of the Russian Government, to
hide from the eyes of a traveller so ob-
servant, bold, and large-hearted, " the se-
crets," not "of the prison house," but of the
prison land, secrets that might, if known,
be somewhat inconvenient ? Such, at least, will be
the surmise of the majority of those who hear of the
obstacles thrown in the way of Lieutenant Pim by
the Emperor of all the RUSSIAS, on the plea, for-
sooth, of humanity ! So convinced are we that
reasons of state policy, like those already intimated,
are the actuating causes of the recent course pursued
in this matter by the Russian Government, that we
•look forward with the most eager anxiety
to the expression of his own views upon
the subject by Lieutenant Plat. Not but
what we are satisfied at the same time that the
minions of the Czax have proved themselves suffi-
ciently astute to induce them to overload that gallant
officer with their insidious courtesies, to the end
that, he might be blinded to the real meaning
of the Government. Still, through all those
specious attentions, we are sanguine that Lieutenant
Pim may have detected the interior purpose of the
AUTOCRAT, and so soon as he has returned amongst
us we trust that the English publio may be admitted
to his revelations.

Meanwhile Captain BEATSON has again revived the
hopes of those interested in the fate of Sir JonN
FRANKLIN, by the noble project explained by him
in a letter addressed to the secretary of the Royal
Geographical Society, and which was read before Sir
RODERICK MURCHISON only yesterday. Whatever may
be the course pursued by Lieut. PIN after his recent
disappointment, Captain BEATSON is manifestly pre-
pared to adventure upon another such as, we may
reasonably anticipate, may before many months have
elapsed lead to the discovery of the whereabouts of
the missing navigators. Aided only by a
small screw steamer of 200 horse power,
manned by merely 15 sailors, the gallant originator
of this new and very promising expedition, proposes
to leave England by the close of next month, pro-
ceeding at once to the Sandwich Islands, and thence
pushing onward into the meridian of Bebring Straits'
By exploring those regions, it is hoped by him to find
traces of Sir JOHN FRANKLIN and his companions,
who are believed, according to the most recent con-
jectures, to be somewhere north of those Straits, and
certainly not far to the eastward. To this, the latest
adventurer in the cause of humanity, the people of
England, as they have done in regard to all his
predecessors,
,will wish well in the conduct of his
expedition.

It is with deep regret that we find the dispute
between the working engineers and their employers
assuming a still more serious aspect. Each side re-
mains firmly in its original position, and neither will
make the slightest concession to the other. The
masters think the demands of the operatives so un-
reasonable, so subversive of the best interests of all
parties concerned, that they are not satisfied at
the continuance of a hollow truce. They
wish that the question shall be :forthwith
decided, and accordingly insist upon the uncondi-
tional withdrawal of the demands put for ward
through the Executive Council of the Amalgamated
Society of Engineers—on the other hand, the men
declare that they had no intention of making a strike,
or adopting any other active measures to enforce
their claims, but that, still being firmly con-
vinced of the justice and expediency thereof,
they will not yield a single particle.
At this stage of the proceedings many of
the employers have taken the initiative, and
served notices of dismissal, not only on all
the men connected with the society, but even
on their innocent companions. Thirty-six
firms, in fact, have already closed their works.
Thousands of ingenious operatives, skilful men,
who could earn handsome wages and support their
families comfortably, are now walking the streets in
idleness, unprofitably consuming the funds that had
been accumulated for other and very different
purposes. The employers, too, who have abandoned
some contracts, refused to enter into others, and are
not only letting their concerns remain unproductive,
but also compelled to support their apprentices
without receiving any adequate return, are likewise
heavy pecuniary sufferers. Both parties have equal
cause to deplore the present untoward state
of affairs, but neither will abate one jot of
their pretensions, and the question now resolves it-
self into this, which will exhibit the greater degree of
passive endurance so as to obtain the victory—a
victory that will indeed be dearly purchased—when
the conqueror may exclaim with PIRRHUS, " Another
such and I am ruined."

The community at large are also considerably in-
terested in the result. We cannot permit one of our
most important branches of industry to be driven
from our shores—to abandon the proud pre-
tanibence which we have hitherto occupit-d,
in order that wrongheaded men may have the
pleasure of saying to others equally perverse, " You
see, we have conquered !" The matter is now not
merely one between employers and workmen, it has
assumed a national importance, and every dis-
interested and patriotic man should use his utmost
exertions to avert the evils that must attend the pro-
longation of the internecine warfare.
At this moment both parties are deceived—they
undervalue the resources of their opponents, and
unduly magnify their own. The men think that they
can carry out the co-operative principle—that with
a capital of a few thousands they can compete with
men in actual possession of as many hundreds
as they have pounds. On the other side,
the employers think that they can go on
with their apprentices and unskilled labourers. They
can readily detect the fallacies in the arguments of
the other side, but are insensible of the sophisms
put forward on their own behalf. They can clearly
perceive " the motes in their brother's eyes, while
they are indifferent to the beams in their own."
Let them, then, exhibit some portion of sound common
sense in the present exigency. Let them take
the opinions of persons in whom they can
confide, and who are unbiassed on the present occasion.
Extremes on every side should be avoided. The
operatives should think for themselves and
speak for themselves ; they should not be
led away against their own better judg.
went by the arguments, however specious, that
may be directed to their passions rather than
to their reason ; while, on the other aide,
the employers should be influenced by
reason, and not endeavour to crush their
opponents because they fancy that they have
the power to do so. Extremes on either side
should be repudiated. Vce victis should not be the
cry of either party ; but the " great fact" should be
recognised that their interests are, and ever must be,
" one and indivisible."

MORE DISTINGUISHED REFUGEES IN LONDON.—M.
Thiers arrived in London yesterday morning by the Gene-
ral Steam Navigation Company's ship Soho. We learn also
that Generals Changarnier and Lamoricitl:re have also ar-
rived in town. _ _

The accounts of the state of trade in the provinces
during the past week continue to indicate a healthy condition
of affairs in almost all quarters. At Manchester the foreign de-
mand has been good, and stocks being still kept down the
tendency of prices is towards an advance. From Nottingham
the reports show no diminution of the prosperous state of the
hosiery manufactures, and at the same time there have been
indications of a considerable revival in the lace business. At
Birmingham there has been no alteration to call for remark,
and this is also the case as regards the woollen markets. In
the Irish linen trade an active demand has again manifested

SIR. JAMES GRAHAM.—Sit James Graham, Bart.,
M.P., left Netherby Hall for London, by express train, on
Tuesday. It is understood that he was sent for by Lord
John Russell to lend him a helping baud. The gentleman
who came for him was a stranger, but apparently a man of
rank, as he travelled in the same carriage with Sir James,
and they occupied the whole of it, a board being attached
to the door with the notice that the moving council chamber
was " engaged," and not to be intruded upon by ordinary
rnortals.—Newcastle Journal.
THE CASE OF AIRS. CUMMING.—The investiga-
tion under the Commission of Lunacy issued against Mrs.
Cumming still continues. On Saturday her daughter, Mrs.
Ince, oae of the promoters of the superseded commission of
1846, and also of the present. proceedings, was examined, as
was Mr. Hooper, Mrs. Cumming's son-in-law. It was state l
that Mr. Ince, the other son-in-law, was too ill to attend.
Yesterday was occupied in the examination of medical eYi-
deuce in ouppert of the cenarauim,

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
The Moniteur contains the following important de-
cree for the dissolution and re-organization of the N a-
tional Guards throughout France :

"FRENCH REPUBLIC.
" IN TILE NAME 01 THE FRENCH PEOPLE.

" Louis Napoleon, President of the Republic, consider-
ing that order is the sole source of employment, and that
it cannot be established except in proportion to the force
and authority of the Government:—
" Considering that the National Guard ought to be a
guarantee, not against the Government, but against dis-
order and insurrection—.

"Considering, that the principles applied to the or-
ganization of the National Guard after our different re-
volutions, by arming every man without distinction,
have been only a preparation for civil war, and that a
composition of the National Guard, made with discern-
ment, ensures public order and the safety of the country—
" Considering that in the country districts in particu-
lar,
it is important to prevent any new attempt at dic-
order and pillage; that a recent experience has proved,
that a single company of well-disposed citizene, armed
for the defence of their homes, is sufficient to contain
within bounds, or put to flight, bands of evil-doers—
" On the report of the Minister of the Interior, de-
crees as follows—
The National Guards are dissolved throughout the
whole extent of the Republic, and are re-organized on the
following bases, in those localities where their co-opera-
tion may be judged necessary for the defence of public
order. In the department of the Seine, the general-in-
chief is charged with this re-organization, which is to take
place by battalions.
"Art. 1. The service of the National Guard consists
Ist, of the ordinary service within the precincts of the
e; 7t dY
munei of service in detachment out of the
territoryommun o
" Art. 2. The service of the National Guard is c 2corel .
obli-
gatory on every Frenchman, from 25 to 50 years of age,
who may be judged apt for that service by the conseil de
recensement. Nevertheless, the Government will fix the
number of National Guards for each locality.
" Art. 3. The National Guard is organized in all the
communes which the Government may deem necessary;
it is dissolved and reorganized accordingly as circum-
stances may require. It is formed into companies, bat-
talions,legions, according to the necessities of the
by the administrative authority,
swehrivcihee,
so
tor
h determineda ve the
power of creating sapeurs-pompiers.
The creation of special bodies of cavalry, artillery, or
of th engineers,
gine Minister cannot take place except by the authorization
of the Interior.
" Art. 4- The President of the Republic is to semi-
nate a commender-in.chief, and colonels, and lieutenant-
colonels, in such places as he may deem it advisable.
" Art. 5. The National Guard is placed ander the au-
thority
of the Interior. ' sub-prefects, prefects, and Mi-
nister When by the orders of the prefect
or sub- f mayors
thoritypor c
fe.eth
Sub-prefect, the National Guard of several communes
is assembled, either in the chief town of the canton, or
in another commune, it is under the authority of the
commune in which the meeting takes place. Are excepted
from that decision the cases determined by law, in
which the National Guard is called on to perform mi-
litary
Eevy-ee, and is placed under the orders of the
military authority.
" Art. 6. CitiaAns cannot either take arms, or assemble
as National Guards, with or without arms, without the
order of the immediate officers, and these latter cannot
give such order without a requisition from the civil
authority.
" Art. 7. No officer in command of a post can have
cartridges distributed to the National Guards placed
under his authority, unless in virtue of a precise order,
or in case of attack.
" Art. 8. The National Guard is composed of all
Frenchmen and foreigners in the enjoyment of civil
rights who shall be admitted by the comma de recense-
ment, on condition of being dressed in the uniform, which
is obligatory.
" Art. 9. The conseil ale recensement is composed:
Ist, for a company, of the captain, acting as president,
and two members, designated by the sub-prefect; and,
2dly, for a batallion, of the chef de battaillon acting as
president, and the captain of each of the companies com-
plied on occasion by his sergeant-major. Provisionally,
it, the captain being able to have his place sup-
apnodsinugntil the nomination to the several ranks, it is com-
posed of three members per company, and of nine mem-
bers per battalion, designated ,by the prefect or sub-
prefect. At Paris, tho designation is to be made by
the Minister of the Interior, on the presentation of the
commander-in-chief. „The conseil de recensement pro-
nounces on the admiaeione, and fixes the definitive list.
" Art.lo. There is to bo a jury of revision for each can
ton,'presided over by thej ugo de pair, and composed of four
members, named by the sub-prefect. At Paris the jury
of revision is presided over by the head of the staff, and
in case of his absence by a lieutenant-colonel of the
staff,d,ese adanroducoomf
tphoesed staff, o ftowuor
ccahpotafsindseobfattheteillsotna,fft, two chefs
chefchefs
d'escadron, reporter,
captain secretary, an one captain, deputy-reporter, ono
d one lieutenant depaty-secretary.
" Art. 11. The President of the Republic nominates
the officers of every rank on the presentation of the Mi-
nister of the Interior, and according to what is proposed
by the commander-in-chief in the department of the
Seine, and by the prefects in the other departments.
The adjutants, non-commissioned officers, are appointed
by the chef de bataillon, who appoints also to all the
places of non-commissioned officers and corporals, on
the presentation of the captain in command of each
company.
" Art. 12. The communes are responsible, with the
reservosif their proceeding sgainst.the National Guards,
for the arms which Government decrees fit to deliver to
them, such arms remaining the property of the state.
The charge of cleaning his arms, and keeping them
in proper order, is at the charge of each National
Guard; but all repairs, hi case of accident, must bo
paid for by the commune. Such National Guards, in
render themselves liable to be con-
one franc at lead, or five francs at
pos-
session of arms belonging to the state, as do not present
of the commune. Such fine is recover-
their emit; at the annual general inspection prescribed
alp6airnttvie:firlastosi.o f municipal police.
Whenever the National Guard sate on ser-
pseunieseersi superintended ntdheed likeNational al lo t
Guard
other
arebinad ybeurnLsteht;:e;fiidrt
r.
irculteoh3graae.o
ser-
vice with the paid troops, they take precedence of them.
e Art. 14. The expenses of the National Guard are
muni-
cipalvoobti
obligatory
a,
expenses.rtot.rylso regulated,.r The
ph
teiao net dl
expenses
1.
The
obligatory ones are: 1, the
cost of purchasing colours, drums, and trumpets; 2, the
repairs, cleaning, and cost of arms, with the reserve of
having receuree to peoceedings against the national
guards, according to the terms of Art. 13; 3, the rent,
lighting, firing, and furniture of the guard-house's; 4,
the cost of registers, papers, and all the minor expenses
which the service of the National Guard necessitates; 5,
the pay
of the sergant-majors and adjutant-majors; and
6, the pay and clothing of the drummers and trumpe-
ters. All the other expenses are optional.
"Art. 16. When cantonal battalions hove been created,
the distribution of the portion falling on each commune
of the canton in the, obligatory expenses of the battalion,
others than those. of the companies, is made by the pre-
fect, in the outlet' of prefecture, after the advice of the
municipal councils has been taken. That distribution
takes place in proportion to the population of each com-
mune, cud to its contingent in the principal of the four
direct taxes.
"Art. 17. There is in esch legion, or each battalion
formed by the National Guards ot the same commune, a
council of administration charged with the duty of pre-
senting annually to the mayor the state of the expenses
necessary for the service of the National Guard. There
is also, for each cantonal battalion, a council of adminis-
tration charged with the same functions, and which is to
present to the sub-prefect a return of the expenses of the
battalion. The composition of these councils is deter-
mined by a regulation of the public administration.
"Art. 18. In the department of the Seine, there is ono
council of administration for a number of battalions, to be
ulteriorly determined by the Minister of the Interior. It
is thus composed-44 chef de bataillon, president; one
officer for each battalion, the major attached to these bat-
talions being reporter of the council; and, lastly, a secre-
tary, charged with the waitihgs required for the council
of dicipline. A paymaster is named for the same number
of battalions.
" Art. 19. The regulations relating to the ordinary ser-
vice, to reviews, exercises, and being under arms, are
fixed, for the department of the Seine, by the Minister
of the Interior on the proposition of the Commander-
in-Chief; and for the towns and communes of the
other departments by the mayor, on the pro-
position of the Officer in conamand of the Na-
tional Guard, and with
the arobation of the sub-
prefect. The chief officers can, in conforming to
that regulation, and without particular perquisition, but,
after having informed the municipal authority of their
intention, make every arrangement to give every order
with respect to the ordinary service, reviews, and exer-
cise. In fortified towns the National Guard cannot take
arms, or go Out of the barriers, unless the mayor has
informed in writing the commandant of the place; the
whole, without prejudice to what is regulated by laws
specially applicable to the state of war and the state of
siege in such places.
" Art. 20. When the National Guard is organized in
cantonal battalions and in legions, the regulation respect-
ing the exercise iCregulated by the:sub-prefect, on the
advice of the mayors of the communes, and on the pro-
position of the chief officer for each separate battalion,
and of the head of the legion for the battalions united
in legions.

" Art. 21. The prefect can suspend reviews and exer-
cises in the communes and cantons, on condition of at
onco rendering an account of the same to the Minister
of the Interior.

" Art. 22. i:very National Guard:ordered out on ser-
vice is bound to °boy, with the power of afterwards
making representations against the same, if he thinks
necessary, to th:: Offiefir in command.
Art. 23.
titled ' Discipline,' is maintained as far as Art. 118,
Chapter 4 of the law of June 13, 1851, en-
inclusively. Aro abrogated all laws anterior to the
present aceree, as well ,i,,, all provisions relative to the
service and administration of the National Guard which
may be,. contrary to it.
" Given at the Palace of the Tuileries, this 11th day
of January. " Louis NAPOLEON.
" A. DE Mon:iv, Minister of the Interior."

LGAuwarßdEssoTtEhe commander-in
Seine ; ai,
Two other decrees follow, one nominating General
chief of the National
the other appointing M.
VIETR&, colonel, head of the staff of the National
Guard of the same department.
These decrees place theme National Guard entirely
under the control of the xecutive instead of under
the control of the municipal authorities, and gives to
the Executive the nomination of the officers who have
hitherto been elected by the members of the National
Guard thewesiyei, This is precisely the change in

the organization of the National Guard which
CHARLES X., acting under the inspiration of the
parti-pretre, endeavoured to accomplish.
The Pays says :—" We are informed that a second
detachment, consisting of 614 persons, arrested after
the events of the 2d December, left Paris yesterday
morning for Brest, where a vessel is waiting to con-
vey them to Cayenne. We are assured that amongst
the number is M. XAVIER DURRIEU, formerly prin-
cipal editor of the journal the Revolution, and M.
LACHAMBEAUDIE, author of Fables Populaires.'
It is said that M. DE CORMENIN (Timon) has de-
clared against a Parliamentary form of government
for France, as there is too much frivolity and vio-
lence in the French character to render a Parlia-
mentary Government serious : it is, he says, only
fitted for England or Belgium.
M. DR CASABLANCA, the son of the ex-Minister,
has been sent on a mission to Turin, on the subject of
the refugees.
M. DE SALLANDROUZE-LAMORNAIX has just arrived
in Brussels, charged by the PRESIDENT of the Re-
public to present three beautiful vases of Sevres china
to the KING of the BELGIANS.

The Indipendance of Brussels has the following
account of the release of the political prisoners at
:

On Thursday morning the six prisoners, General
Changarnier, General Lamoric'a ro,General Bedeau,
General Le Flo, Colonel Charras, and M. Base
were told that the doors of the fortress of Ham
were about to be opened to them, but on the coudi-
tiou that they weind go to England. Some of
them immediately protested against the designation
of a country to which they were to go. It appears,
however, that the orders were not so rigorous that
they could not bo relaxed. General Lo FlO was alone
taken, on Thursday, by two police agents, not only to
Calais, but even to Dover. The other prisoners ob•
tained permission to go to one of the states of the conti-
nent. All wished to come to Belgium. But the desire
was not acceded to; and only two, General Changer-
Mer and Colonel Charras were allowed to come here.
M. Baze and General de Lamorioilre had to promise to
go, the former to Aix-la-Chapelle, the second to Cologne.
On Thursday, then, General Changarnier, Col. Charras,
and M. Baze, each escorted by two police agents in plain
clothes, were taken to the railway. There the agents
took their places in a train about to leave. They ar-
rived in the morning of the 9th at the frontier, and
the agents accompanied them to Brussels. M. Base only
remained in our town until the time of departure of the
railway train for Germany. He took his place in the
train, escorted by two police agents, who accompanied
him to Aix-la-Chapelle. M. Changarnier and M.
Charras remained at Brussels up to Friday morning,
when the former went to Liege and the latter to Louvain.
As to General de Lainoriciire, he only left Ham by a
second train on Thursday. He was accompanied to
Brussels by two police agents, who took up their quar-
ters in the same hotel. He left for Cologne on Friday
morning. General Bedeau, the last of the prisoners of
Ham, arrived on Friday morning by the goods train. He
was accompanied, it is said, by a domestic and a lady.
We have not heard that lie was attended by any police
agent. To complete this account we must add that none
or the prisoners of Ham, on arriving in Belgium, made
auy complaint to the Belgian Government."
The Emancipation says that. General BEDEAU pro-
ceeded to MOW, where he intends to remain some
days. Tne same journal says that some discussion
arose at Valenciennes between the authorities of that
town and the police agents, who had charge of Ge-
neral CHANGARNIEIt, his papers not being ex rig*.
The General, it adds, maintained the greatest calm,
and said, "It does not belong to me to take part in
any discussion between those who dispute the custody
of my person."
The Bourse was agitated with accounts of warlike
preparations in England, and the consequence was a
considerable reduction in the price of public securities.
The Five per Cents. opened at 104 f. 25c., and closed
at 103 f. 25c. for the end of the month. The Three
per Cents. closed at 68f. 50c.; Orleans Railroad Shares,
1,070 f.; Rouen, 660 f.; Havre, 245 f.; Great Northern,
550 f,.; Avignon, 225 f.; VierzDn, 500 f.; Basle, 1951.;
Bordeaux, 4351.; Paris and Strasburg, 455 f.; Tours and
Nantes, 275 f.; Amiens to Boulogne, 290 f.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Jex. 12.

Boulogne and Amiens, 11% Central of France (Orleans
and Vierzon), 20—Dutch Rhenish, 3!h—Namur and Liege,
6—Northern of France, l9►,—Orleans and Bordeaux, 7%—
Paris and Rouen, 26%—Paris and Straabourg, I.s3l—Rouen
and Havre, 105,4—Sambre and Meuse, 4%—Tours and
Nantes, 8%.