The Sun.
London, England, 1864-06-10 00:00:00

THE SUI%, LONDON, FI,IDA V EVE.NING, JUNE 10, 1864:

DE

AND GERMANY,

(From the Times' Special Correspondent lately at the
Danish Headquarters.)
COPENHAGEN, June 6.
Copenhagen had yesterday her own Grundslovfest,
or Constitution-day, and a very happy town it was
made by it, from early morning till 2 o'clock after
midnight. It is no exaggeration to say that not
one soul was left in the city. The day seemed to
be made to order, the brightest and most joyous
that could be bad in any climate. Spring is in full
tide at last, even in Denmark, and all the trees,
with the exception of the sleepy oak, are out in full
blossom. It was a sin and a shame to be indoors,
and we went out with the crowd, happy to follow
wherever anybody might lead.
I shall waste no ink in the description of the drive
to the Deer-park (Dyrehave), past the pleasure
grounds of Charlotten Lund, the wateringspiace
of Klampenborg, the Hotel Bollevue, and other
spots mentioned on a former occasion. I beg to
carry the reader at once into the very middle of the
park, close to the Royal Slot pavilion, or hunting
box of the Hermitage, also already described, where,
in the afternoon, between 3 and 4 o'clock, the vast
assemblage of citizens, who have been hitherto early
people, scattered about, reclining under the trees,
and consuming their lunch or dinner, are now com-
ing together from every quarter of the vast forest
ground. A throng of about 20,000 persons are
pressing upon each other on tiptoe within a compass
of two or three square miles round the Palace, creep-
ing under, vaulting over, breakingthrough the long
line of carriages, private or public, that were packed
together as they are at Epsom, round the Royal
Lodge, a building which, notwithstanding the
different use to which it is put, bears in its shape
no little resemblance to one of the great English
race stands.
Just about 4 o'clock a wave-like commotion
seemed to stir the surface of that dense multitude ;
cheers rent the air, a lively strain of martial music
rose above the din of voices, and presently a string
of modest Court carriages, drawn by a single span
of horses each, drove up to the doors of the Lodge.
A gentleman and lady in mourning attire alighted
from the first carriage, a young lady and a boy six
years old from the second, a number of gentlemen
from the following ones. The former couple stopped
ca the threshold, and acknowledged by bows the
applause of the shouting masses. They then went
in and were lost to view for a few minutes. What
occurred within the walls of the pavilion, we, the
outsiders, of course, could only guess. A deputation
from the corporations of the :capital and of the
adjoining townships made, we were led to suppose,
their salaam to their Sovereign, who, no doubt,
answered in " terse and appropriate language."
In the meanwhile, those of us who had ears and
voices joined in the execution of a song—" Til
Kongen"—written and composed for the oc-
casion. As the last notes were swelling in the
air the central window was thrown open, and
the subject of those few lines and his Queen ap-
peared on the balcony. The cheers rose to their
highest pitch, the Royal couple expressed their
thanks by benignant inclinations of their heads.
The tumult was then hushed up, and from the
midst of the awful silence a clear ringing voice--the
King's voice—was heard, each word as distinctly
audible to every man as to every one the throb of
his own heart thrilled with breathless emotion. The
King's words were few. He gave utterance to his
gratitude for the affection so loudly testified by his
subjects, and begged them to join him in his "bless-
ing on Denmark." (" Gud beware Danmark !") The
short speech ended with another bow, upon which
the Royal personages instantly withdrew. Cheers
were then given for the Queen, who once more came
out and bowed her thanks. A new song struck up
" For _Danmark !" but was interrupted by the ap-
pearance of a young fair head just peeping out
above the atone balustrade of the balcony. There
was a nut for Prince Waldemar, whose head in-
stantly ducked under, terrified by its own rashness.
The boy was, however, brought back by his fond
parents, and made to do obeisance, to the intense
delight of the bystanders, There were more songs
for " Constitution," for " Army and Navy,'' and
for "Norden," ie., for the great Scandinavian
Fatherland. A rush to the marble stairs leading to
the Palace then ensued, and from the midst of the
thronged multitude the Royal party made their way
back to their carriages, and were soon out of sight,
on their way to the Castle of Berne.toi ff, his Majesty's
chcsen country residence for this summer, a few
miles eff. Thcre was Lot ene zoldier en duty on the
ground or at the Palace doors; not one policeman;
the people knew how to make room for their beloved
Monarch, and needed no marshalling, no let or hind-
rance.

The whole scene was simple in the extreme, yet
sufficiently impressive. There is something to me
unspeakably touching in the sight of that young,
modest, affectionate, royal couple, who have come
to the throne at an epoch of so much trial and peril
for the Danish monarchy, and who take as little of
the pomp and pageantry of their new station upon
themselves as if they sighed for the quiet domestic
bliss on which the cares of a tempest-tossed State
have so rudely trespassed. The King preserves in
the midst of his newly scorned greatness all the easy
grace, the courteous simplicity which belong to a
thoroughbred private gentleman. It would be waste
of breath to say that the Queen is every inch a lady.
There is in both their fine handsome countenances
an expression of anxious care, a touch of sadness,
conveying very plain hints of the share both of
them take in the sorrows and fears by which the
country is distracted, and making irresistible appeal
to the sympathies of all beholders. The King has
wide immense strides towards the best grounded
popularity a Sovereign should aspire to win among
his people, a popularity grounded in firm faith in
the uprightness of his inventions, and on the ac-
knowledgment of his sterling public and private
virtues. There is not an instance of a familiar face
among the old acquaintance of the Royal pair in
private life whose presence is forgotten, or even not
expressly solicited; no instance of a stranger with
any pretensions to gentle manners who is not wel-
comed in this unassuming household, English
visitors, especially, easily find themselves at home
in a Court bound to their own reigning house by
such near ties, and where their own language is as
readily spoken as at Marlborough House.
When the King had left the grounds, a set of
patriotic gentlemen stepped upon a platform, and
delivered set speeches, of which the songs above
alluded to supplied the themes. I did not wait to
hear the last of them, you may be sure, for greater
attraction was exercised upon me by the people's
lair, which was held in another part of the park,
where there were whirligigs, swinging boats, shoot-
ing matches, trials of strength, and a variety of
other open air exercises of which these good Danish
citizens seem to be inordinately fond. After saunter-
ing from booth to booth, I drove back to town, and
proceeded to Fredericksburg, a park or vast garden,
where the same pleasures, and those of eating and
drinking, were carried on on a very large scale,nnd
where the great treat was to be—please the ever•
lasting summer day of this high latitude ever
to come to a close—a magnificent display of fire-
works. From Fredericksburg we went to Tivoli,
a better sort of Cremorne, a very paradise in the
estimation of these worthy Copenhageners. If a
stranger happened to feel or to look particularly
dull during the winter months, the citizens, jealous
of the good fame of their " merry" town, used to
say, " Wait till Tivoli open:, and you will no longer
complain that time hangs heavily upon you in the
vanish capital." Well, Tivoli opened, and it was
iiirdemhoerenr,edaannd Vauxhall
eingontheagllreoevne,r,mwonitthagmuuessicit,
uwesinese:
balloons, and fireworks. Only the people here do
not happen to tire to-morrow of what they delight
in to-day. Everybody goes to Tivoli, and the pre-
; ae
hn
Icee of . T thhee resgreatpectable t sacta
Tr eisv
hal
iwtahyi s t
dh ea
yd i swr
ae
sp ua-
ut to shame the never-
waning twilight. Ido not know whether there was
a larger crowd at Dyrhave, or at Fredericksburg,
or at the Tivoli gardens. My impression is that
people multiplied themselves and managed to be at
the three places at the same time. Of the behaviour
of all that mass of people it would be superfluous to
speak. Ttiree English gentlemen were with me
from beginning to end, and we all agreed that the

Danes are more entitled to the appellation of
" angels" than even those Angle progenitors of
theirs on whose bare-legged children an old Pope
perpetrated that memorable pun.

The Danes were not allowed to keep holy their
Constitution-day in some other places as they did
in Copenhagen. At Aalborg, Randert, and other
towns in Jutland, the Prussians would not allow the
national flag to be used by the eitiFens, and these
could not or would not celebrate their anniversary
without their wonted show of colours. To be sure,
their Dannebrog—their dear old banner—fallen
from Heaven ! we had a good display of Red and
White both here in town and at Dyrhave and every-
where ; and not only of Danish standards, but of
wand English—of all
European i sh ,
French,ags, only Italian,
Prussian, Austrian, or
S ed
German. hags,
niaont

may ani

Public Companies in Parlia.
Inent.

Yesterday the case for the parties opposing the
proposed extension of the Metropolitan Railway to
Trinity•square and Tower-hill having terminated
in Lord Stanley's committee, Mr. Denison and Mr.
Kerslake opened the case for the promoters of the
East London Railway,the committee deferring their
decision on the Metropolitan Company's project
until they shall have fully gone into that of the East
London, which is proposed to be incorporated with
a capital of £2,015,000 in shares and £670,000 by
loan, The company propose to reticulate the East
end with railways, some thirteen in number, uniting
the localities of the district with the leading metro-
politan railways. The first line will :run from a
junction with the Great Eastern Railway at Tap-
street, Bethnal-green, passing over the eastern end
of the Whitechapel-road and the western end of the
Commercial-road East, to Severnsstreet,,St.George's-
in-the-East, thence under the London and Blackwell
Railway and a part of the London Docks, through
the Thames Tunnel, along the west side of the Grand
Surrey' imber Docks, to the New-cross station of the
brc
London. and
,Brighton Railway, with a connecting
h A second section of railways will connect
the first with the Great Eastern at Bethnal-green,
with the Deptford branch of the Brighton, where it
an
passes under the London and Greenwich, and with
the South Eastern Railway. A third section will
form a janction with the first at Severn.street,
across and under Whitechapel High-street, and
thence by the east side of Houndsditch to a junc-
tion with the Finsbury Extension of the Metropo-
litan Railway at Little Moorfields and the remaining
seotions in their turn connecting with the others
will run from the east side of Moorgate-street ; to
the North London Railway, City Branch, near
Sun-street, and to the Liverpool-street Terminus,
Whitechapel, and London and North Western
depots at Hayden-square. In addition, the com-
pany seek power to purchase the Thames Tun-
nel, to appropriate it to the purposes of their rail-
way and to discontinue its use for other purposes,
and the promoters propose by the bill to pro
vide morning and evening trains for the conveyance
of the labouring classes through the tunnel at a
penny for each passenger. The Board of Trade,
in reporting on this latter object, state that having
regard to the interest which the Government have
in the Thames Tunnel in respect of the large sums
of public money advanced to the Thames Tunnel
Company, and remaining unpaid, it seems to be
proper that arrangements for the purchase of the
Thames Tunnel by the East London and the rail-
way companies, parties to the bi I should be ap-
proved by the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury.
The representative of the Grand Surrey Dock Com-
pany was examined relative to laying the rails on
the quays of the company by Mr. Round v. Mr.
Hely and Mr. Slight, secretary of the Brighton
Company, by Mr. Rodwell, and others, relative to
the merits of the.measure, and the interest that com-
pany proposed to take in it. The bill to enable the
Lynn and Sutton Railway to provide, side by side
with the bridge over the river Nene, a separate
public roadway along the railway, was passed in
that committee. The bills for the Brecon and
Merthyr Tydfil Junction (No. 2) and Rhymney
Railway and Cardiff to Caerphilly were further
considered and settled, subject to the insertion o

some qualifying clauses, what is termed the Pur.
chase Bill, being thrown out. The case for the
North Staffordshire new lines was forwarded a stage
in the shapa of further evidence as to traffic, and
the detailed provisions required in connexion with
the East Gloucestershire and Burton.on-the-Water
and Lancashire District Railways occupied those
committees all day. Mr. Massey passed the South
Eastern (No. 4) Bill, Dublin and Ballinglass, and
Rickmanssvorth, Andershare, and Chesharn. A
committee of the Lords, consisting of Lord Mont-
eagle (chairman), Lord Clinton, Lord Poltimore,
Lard Talbot de i‘lalahide, and Lord Houghton,
met, and, after hearing counsel and evidence,
approved. the bill of the ;London, Brighton, and
South Coast for their proposed Ouse Valley
line, and then took the bill for the Sewage Im-
provement of Edinburgh and Leith, Mr Stephen-
son being examined by Mr Locke. In Lord Redes-
dale's committee the Southampton and Nutley, East
India, Hamilton and Strathaven, Scottish North
Eastern Bills; Denburn Valley, North British
(Abbey Holum and Leegate branch), and Liverpool
and Londo❑ Fire, Earl Egmont's Estates and Chit.
tendeti'6 Disabilities Bills were considered and passed.

Court of Common Council,

A Court of Common Council was held yesterday
1:1 the Council Chamber, Guildhall—Sir Francis
GrahamjMoon presiding as locum tenens for the
Lord
d Mayor.
At the opening of the Court, upon the motion of
Mr Deputy Hawtree, which was seconded by Mr
Alderman Salmons, M.P., a vote of condolence was
passed, sympathising with the family of the Lord
Mayor in the recent loss sustained by them in the
death of his lordship's brother.
Mr CORRIE, the Remembranoer, reported to the
Court the introduction into Parliament of a bill for
facilitating the traffic by
improving the communi-
cation across the River Thames-
Mr. WEBBER brought up a report from the
i ecd intostated
Parliament that a
bill
tißridge House Estates Committee upon the matter,
which
the traffic of the metropolis by improving the com-
munications across the river Thames." They had
examined the bill and found that it proposed to
authorise tha Metropolitan Board of Works to pur-
chase by agreement Southwark• bridge and certain
en had
dd been recently intro-
" A Bill to facilitate
d
other bridges mentioned in the schedule of the bill,
and that any bridge eo purchased should be open
for public use free from toll, and that it should be
the duty of the Board to endeavour to purchase
Southwark and Waterloo-bridges before pur-
chasing the other bridges ; and in the bill
was a clause directing that the Corporation
of London shall contribute out of the Bridge
House Estates a sum not less than £50,000 towards
the purchase of Southwark Bridge, and that When
purchased that bridge should be maintained by the
corporation of London out of the Bridge House
Estates Fund. The report stated that the introduce
tion into Parliameat without the authority or sane•
tion of that court of a bill dealing with the Bridge
House Funds, which are under the control and
management of the corporation, was a proceeding
of so unprecedented and dangerous a character as
to render it in their opinion highly important that
it should be opposed, and they therefore recom-
mended that a petition should be presented to the
House of Commons against the bill, and that they
should be authorised to prosecute the matter in
such a manner as they might deem fit. In moving
that the report be agreed to, Mr Webber said the
committee, seeing the nature of the bill, which pro-
posed without the sanction of the court to meddle
with a fund under the control of the corporation,
and more especially that it was introduced by one of
the members of that Court without consulting
them,
had thought it light to take the matter into consi-
deration and report upon it at once.
A warm discussion ensued. It appeared that the
name of Mr. Alderman Salomons was on the back
of the bill as having introduced it in
to the House of
Ceninfons, and some of the members condemned in
rather strong terms the course
which
had been taken
by that alderman, by introducing into the house,
without even giving the corporation

finical= of his intention, a bill which they said
would interfere with their control over funds placed
in their trust for the public advantage. Alderman
Rose, Mr L. Taylor, Mr De Jersey, Mr P. W. Trus-
cott, and Mr Medwin were among those who sup-
ported the recommendation of the committee that a
petition should be presented to the House of Com-
mons by the corporation in opposition to the bill.
Mr Deputy Harrison and Tlr Cookerell thought,
however, that the Court should pause before they
appeared to oppose a measure which would improve
the condition of the City traffic, Deputy Harrison
suggesting that they should wait and see what was
done at the second reading of the bill.
The motion of Mr. Webber was, however, agreed
to, and a petition directed to be prepared in accord-
ance with the terms of the report.
A petition signed by John Remington Mills, Esq.
MY., Samuel Morley, E,q., and a large number of
other influential gentlemen, was presented by Mr
Deputy C. REED, praying that the Court would
take steps to secure the present condition of the Bun-
hill-fields bury ing ground, and to secure it for ever
sg..7nst any possible perversion to other uses than

those for which it had been for two centuries sacredly
appropriated. The petitioners stated that the spot
mentioned had been set apart by the corpDration of
London as a place of interment 200 years ago, and
for 190 years had been used for that purpose, until
in the year 1852 it was closed by an order in COULCii.
They also stated that 120,000 corpses had been in-
terred there, which number included the remains of
men whose memories were among some of the most
precious of our national heir-looms—men who not
only adorned the age in which they lived, but had
rendered permanent blessings to the land, and whose
names the world would not willingly let die. To
allow the disturbance of a spot so hallowed, they
urged, could not but be regarded as an injury to the
nation. Individuals had bought graves and family
vaults in the ground under the impression that they
were securing permanent and immovable places of
sepulture. The Corporation, too, were evidently
under the impression that it could never be alienated,
and had at various times, especially in 1787, given
assurance that the ground should not be built on;
and to allay apprehensions that had arisen that it
might be converted into other purposes, declared by
public advertisement that every part of the ground
should at all times hereafter remain as burial
ground, and be used for that purpose only.
In answer to Mr. Lowman Taylor,
One of the gentlemen attending to support the
petition said that they had been positively assured
that the Ecclesiastical Commissioners had already
prepared plans for converting it into building
ground.

The petition was referred to the City Lands Com•
mittee.

Mr. H, L. Taylor and Mr. J. E. Saunders were
re-appointed to represent the Corporation of Lon-
don in the Metropolitan Board of Works, under
the provisions of the 18th and 19th Victoria.

A report was brought up from the Library Com-
mittee on the reference to reconsider the report re-
specting a collection of manuscripts belonging to
Edward Tyrrell, E,q., late Remembrancer, and re-
commending that the same be not purchased.
The report was agreed to, and the court shortly
after adjourned.

The Proposed Siege Operations at Chatham,

CHATHAM, June 9.
The following details of the siege operations to
be carried on by the troops of the garrison of
Chatham on Saturday, in the presence of the Prince
of \Vales and his Royal Highness the Duke of Cam-
bridge, with other members of the royal family and
English and Foreign Ministers, are officially an-
nounced, by tee sanction of Major-General H.
Eyre, commanding the district, and Col. H. Her-
ness, C. 8., the director of military field works :-
1. The officers and men of the Royal Engineer
establishment will, in conjunction with the other
troops of the garrison, and with the assistance of
the captain superintendent of the royal dockyard,
and the naval means at his disposal, carry out the
concluding portion of a supposed series of siege
operations on the 11th inst. against the eastern or
lower end of Chatham Lines.
2. The siege works are considered to have been
advanced to the extent seen upon the ground, and
preparation made for opening the place to assault
by mining the escarp and con nterscarp between St.
Mary's barrier and the casemate barracks.
3. Against the assault the besieged are supposed
to have made the following disposiiims :-
4. They have formed countermines, and lodged
charges of gunpowder under the French Cavalier in
front of the demi-bastion, and under the head of the
lodgment on the glacis in front of the left face of
the Redan. They have constructed a boom across
St. Mary's Creek, in which they have also sunk
several torpedoes to destroy any boats which may
attempt to turn the left of the lines ; and as a fur.
ther security to this flank, they have formed a
stockade between the ditch of St, Mary's Hornwork
and the piece of water adjoining the military bath.
ing-pond.
6. The operations will commence, the time being
supposed to be just before daylight, by a party ad-
vancing in a boat up St. Mary's Creek to attach a
charge of powder to the boom, Which being effected
they will retire. On the explosions the assailants
will open fire upon the lines from the batteries and
advanced trenches, and also from the gunboats,
when the garrison will spring their mine under the
French Cavalier, and shortly after that under the
head of the lodgment.
6. After these explosions an armed party in boats
will advance up St. Mary's Creek, when the tor-
pedoes of the garrison will be fired in succession.
As soon as the party in the boats have effected a
landing, the breaching mines of the besiegers will
be sprung. The general assault will then be given.
7. On the left, a column, provided with ladders,
will escalade the lines at the re-entering angle of
the right face of the Redan. In the centre, a column,
also provided with ladders, will escalade •at the
re-entering angle of the left face of that work. On I
the right a column, headed by a party of sappers,
provided with short ladders and entrenching tools,
will storm the breach made by the mines.
8. During the execution of these operations, and
while the assailing columns are establishing theme
selves within the works, the party in the boats,
taking advantage of the confusion in the garrison
consequent upon the springing of the mines,
will press in front of St. Mary's Hornwork, and,
turning its left flank, will breach by means of gun-
powder the stockade near the bathing pond.
9. The assaulting columns will then advance to
the attack of the works near Cumberland Bastion,
which may be considered as an entrenchment.
10. The left column, detaching a party through
the parade of the casematee, will pass between the
ramparts and the soldiers' casemate barracks to clear
the defenders from those works, and will then force
their way into Prince Frederick's Bastion, through
the postern, and over the right face of the work.
11. The centre column will advance between the
casemates and the right face of the Ravelin, and,
passing round its gorge, will effect an entrance
into the entrenchments through the curtain between
the Cumberland and Prince Frederick Bastions.
12. The right column will move over the ground
between the left face of the Ravelin and St. Mary's
Prison, to attack the front formed by the Terrace
and Cumberland Bastions, by the curtain of which
the enter the inner lines.
13. The boat division will proceed by the road in
rear of St. Mary's Prison to the new guard room,
from whence they will advance and turn the left to
the Terrace Bastion by the Fieldwork Terrace, _, C.
Lieut.-Colonel Lovell, C. 8., H.R., will be, the
engineer officer directing the attack. Lieut.-Colonel
Browne, C. 8., R.E., will be the engineer o
ffioi
cer
directing the defence.
The troops will assemble on
Saturday,the 11th,
at 12.45 a.m. on the different parade grounds.

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SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

TIMEs.—It would be difficult to find a more ex.
cellent example of statistical inquley than tha
exhibited in the Report of the Emigration Commis
sioners for the lest year, just presented to
meat. The Report preserves the same broad outlines
of popular movement shown in former years, but
there is a remarkable increase in the volume of
emigration, and the Commissioners have applied a
patient analysis to the discovery of its cause. Ale
though the conclusion of the Emigration Commis-
sioners is irrefragable that no larger proportion of
emigrants from the United Kingdom have sailed for
the United States in the past year than in preceding
years, yet the fact that the proportion should be so
large seems to require some explanation. Two-thirds
of our emigrants proceed to the tLaited States. Out
of 5,482,000 who have left the kiogdom aering this
century 3,303,000 have sailed for the American _Re-
public, and the some proportion was shown last
year, when 146,813 sailed thither out of 223,758
emigrants. Professor Gold win Smith seems to dis-
cover in the circumstance a tendency in the emigrant
to resort to a country emancipated from home con-
trol, but the fact admits of a simpler economic ex-
planation. The man who is driven to seek in other
lands the subsistence which the competition of his
fellows makes it difficult to obtain in this betakes
himself to the country which is at once most easy
of access and most richly furnished with the gifts
of nature. The necessary cost of passage to the
Australian colonies forces the poorer emigrant to
America, and his choice is confined to the States or
to one of the British Provinces. The rugged climate
of our own settlements is the principal influence
which deters him from emigrating to them, but it
is impossible to attribute the climate to the effects
of home legislation. As it is, the Canadians have
the mortification of seeing hardy labourers passing
through their country and disdaining to settle there.
immigrants, not only from Britain, but from Ger-
many, Norway and Sweden, passup the St. Lawrence
en route for the Western States. In 1862 no less than
5,289 immigrants from Norway and Sweden landed
in:Canada, and not more than 40 of them are believed
to have remained there. Last year between 4,000
and 5,000 Germans and Norwegians passed through
in a similar manner, Few Englishmen are aware
of the extensive immigration of Coolies into our
sugar-producing possessions of Mauritius, Guiana,
and the West Indies, nor of the rush of Chinese lute
Australia which frightened the colonists into the
adoption of prohibitive legislation. The influx of
Chinese seems, however, to be less dreaded than it
was, for the Legislature of Victoria has suspended
for two years the tax of £lO imposed on Chineei:
entering the colony by sea, and of £4 on those
entering it by land. The disturbed state of China
may have had some occult influence in lessening
Chinese emigration, just as it seems certain that the
increased demand for Indian produce has checked
the migration of Coolies. The number of Coolies
who have sailed for the Mauritius and the West
Indic s during the last year has been barely ten
thousand, a considerable falling off on the emigra-
tion of former years. The last year witnessed,
however, an entirely new phenomenon in the shape
of inter colonial migration among the West Indies
themselves. The island of Barbadoes has preserved
a reasonable amount of prosperity through all the
vicissitudes of West Indian fortune, because it was
so thickly populated with negroes that they must
work to live. But last spring the nufortunate
summer in 1862 produced considerable distress in
Barbadoes, and labourers began to emigrate to An-
tigua, St. Croix, and British Guiana, until the
platters became alarmed at the loss of their men.
The cessation of the distress and of the consequent
emigration soon allayed their fears, but it seemed
at one time that the migration of negroes might
be summarily prohibited. A similar alarm pre
veiled in British Guiana by the report that the
Dutch planters of Surinam, having abolished
slavery, were enticing Coolies across the border.
One of the most satisfactory facts brought to light
by the Emigration Commissioners is the success of
the legislation imposing regulations on emigrant
passerger ships, Never has the interference of the
Government been better justified by the results.
The small rate of mortality among the emigrants is
every where apparent, but it is perhaps been seen by
the returns of immigrants into Canada, Out of
13,485 persons sailing from Great Britain in steam.
ships only five persons died, and out of 1,746 in
sailing vessels but one,while out of 2,105 emigrants
from Germany 46 died on the passage, and six out
of 1,119 from Norway. These returns show that the
mortality in our emigrant ships has been reduced to
a minimum, and the same satisfactory result is ar-
rived at an inspection of statistics of Coolie emigra-
tion. The rigorous regulations to which the latter
has been subjected have converted it from what
seemed at first a thin disguise of the cruelest slavery
into a beneficeut distribution of surplus labour, to
the advantage bath of planter and workman.
Posr-e-A further suspension of hostilities for a
period of fourteen days gives some hopes of a preli-
minary arrangement being arrived at by the Con-
ference within that period. We confess, however,
that unless the German Powers consent to abate
their pretentious we have but little expectation of
seeing peace issue from the present negotiations.
The prospect which most encourages us in a san-
guine view is our trust that England may at last
take up the position which, in our opinion, she
should have assumed at first, and that, abandoning
anxious enunciations of opinions and wishes, this
country may now speak with a firm resolve. It is
well known that w have made every secrifiee,
even to the destruction of the Treaty of 1852. We
have ourselves proposed the dismemberment of
Denmark, and have suggested that Holstein and
Leuenburg, and the southern part of Sch:eswig,
should be given over to Germany. We have drawn
the line of demarcation at the Schlei and the Dane-
wirke. This proposal, injurious as it is to Den-
mark and unpleasing to ourselves, should at any
rate satisfy the cravings of the Germans, while it
should content all demands founded upon the for-
tune of war. But there is only one way to secure its
acceptance and to ensure peace, and that is, to be re-
solute in carrying out the plan we have fixed upon.
If we waver once more, we shall assuredly see war
renewed, and ultimately find ourselves, however
unwillingly, involved in it. We must take a stand
somewhere. We must either place our back against
a wall, or retreat till we stumble into a ditch. It
is idle to talk of the small importance of a belt of
territory 20 miles wide, It is this very argument,
this very underrating of demands, that has brought
us to this pass. Thus we countenanced the execu-
tion in Holstein. Thus we undertook to obtain the
revocation of the constitution. Thus we allowed
the invasion of Schleswig. Thus we shrank from
opposing aggression in Jutland. This receding
policy, this manner of shirking a dog or withdraw-
ing the'hand from a cat, only provokes the certain
scratch or bite. We have bad much time for reflec-
tion; we have heard and read and seen all that can
be said, written, or done on both sides, and we have
arrived at our conclusion. We have laid down the
line of the Schlei—let us enforce it. The Miner,
however bitter their disappointment, accept it; we
have, then, only to induce the Germans to accede to
our proposal. Let us consider what prospect we
have of this. On the one hand, we have reason and
equity to back our arguments; on the other, we
have the military prospects of renewed war. First,
reason suggests that the Germans ought to be saris
fled with obtaining far more than they required
when they first began their aggression, for then
there was no question of depriving Denmark of
provinces, but only of insisting on a change of con-
stitution which she had imposed upon her German
subjects ; and equity would seem to imply that,
after a victorious campaign for the cause of nation-
ality, it should be required that, in addition to Ger-
mans supposed to be freed from a common yoke,
Mines, in their turn, should be subjected to the like
anomalous fate. Secondly, as to the military
aspect
which the question would assume in the event of the
renewal of hostilities, the Germans would do well to
remember that their present position in the penin-
sula
cannot by any means be considered as either
pleasant or safe. They would infallibly be co
pelted to retire at once to Holstein if a combinedrn-
oaccnuupmieedrothues
iDslaannidesh,eiSthweerdoisfhF, aunndenEorn
fleet. The German forces would be thus outflanked,
English
hen awrmithy
and would of necessity have to retreat to the Eider,
The Allies might thus, merely by this demonstra-
tion, repossess themselves of the Danewirke with-
out striking a blow, and then negotiations might
begin again on more equal though on different
terms. We have nothing to be afraid of in such a
war, if, unfortunately, we are forced into it; and
we are anxious that the German Powers should un-
derstand that we estimate the position of affairs at
its true value. Our extreme unwillingness to en-
gage in hostilities with a kindred race leads them
erroneously to suppose that we are utterly averse
from war under all circumstances. The Americans
were for a long time under this delusion, until the
affair of the Trent taught them a new lesson; and,
when they saw that we were not prepared to sub-
mit to insult, they at once gave way. It is our
earnest desire that our German cousins should in
their turn appreciate more really both the forbear-
ance and the pugnacious disposition of this coun-
try. A Ministry may make great efforts for peace,
may allow much foreign interference, and even con-
vulsion, for the sake of prospective tranquillity in
Parliament and in Europe, but they must not be
driven too hard ; and if the Plenipotentiaries of
the Fatherland are not
empowered to sign the pre-
liminaries of a pacification within the next forte
night, we shall infallibly " drift," as in the Crimean
war, till our 'eronclads are in Danish waters and
our Guards in the islands. If such a situation of
affairs were brought about we should have the as-
sistance of some, and the countenance of moat, of