The Sun.
London, England, 1852-10-22 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 22, 1852

p'r' that it had always retained its sympathies for the ;
royal family, and was the first; to declare in favour o' the
11,-storati,m. If ever a place was well chosen, it was
Bor,'eAux—it was there that Louis Napoleon ought to
speak against war and revolution. The protest of Na-
poleon egainit war, at a moment when he is chosen by
popular enthusiasm, is of immense importance, for it is
the anti-warlike protest of France herself. Napoleon
could only be at that moment the interpreter of the people
—he could only speak the sentiments of the country. In
addition, it is seen that the President appreciates fully the
profound need of peace felt in our days. The Princejudges
the revolution severely in defining it as an ideology.
There is not a word in the French language more harsh
than that of dreamer. The Prince has also admitted the
want of religion so observable in our epoch, which he
describes so admirably. Napoleon knows his problem
well. We shall see if he will solve it in like manner. It
is possible that Napoleon has become a necessity for
Franc?, sine. he leans for support on the party of order
end peace. The ancient dynasty has ceased to live ;—it
is all over with it."

THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF ROCHES-
R AND THE REV. R. U'HISTON.

REINSTATEMENT OF THE APPELLANT.

THE JUDGMENT.

Tho judgment in the case of the Reverend Robert
Whiaton and the Dean and Chapter of Rochester, is as
follows:

" The Visitor having heard the appeal of the Reverend
It. Whiston against the order of the Dean and Chapter
of Rochester, for his removal from the head mastership
of their school, made on the 19th day of October, 1849,
declares that the pamphlet entitled Cathedral Trusts
and their Fulfilment,' admitted to have been published
by him, and which formed the ground of that removal,
contains charges unjustly reflecting upon the conduct
of the Dean and Chapter, and is libellous, and
that the appellant might lawfully and justly be
punished for it under the cathedral statutes. But taking
into consideration that the appellant may have been in
some degree misled by legal opinions of high authority,
though given on erroneous data, upon the main charge
against the Dean and Chapter, of heving illegally taken to
themselves a disproportionate share of the revenue of the
cathedral property, and considering also that some of the
statutes of the cathedral have not been carried into strict
execution, though such disuse may have been sanctioned
by practice prevailing during a lung series of years, and,
in ono respect, by the opinion of the late Archbishop of
Canterbury, the Visitor further declares that the appel-
lant shall, on the Ist of January now next ensuing, be re-
instated in his said office of head schoolmaster, m ith all
the emoluments app, rtaining thereto; but that he shall
have no right or claim against the Dean and Chapter,
or any one else, for any profits or emoluments accruing
from the said 19th day of October, 1849, the day of his
removal from,his said office up to the let day of January
next; the Visitor being of opinion that the appellant
justly deserved to be suspended during the time aforesaid,
and he directs him to be restored on the Ist day of
January next, on this condition and not otherwise; and
the Visitor having observed that the charges unjustly
made against the Dean and Chapter in the before-men-
tioned pamphlet have been repeated in several editions
published since the first commencement of these pro-
ceedings, thinks it right earnestly to caution the appellant
against the repetition of these charges in any subsequent
publication, as the appellant will not have the same ex-
cuse of his having been misled as to the legal right of
the Dean and Chapter, which has been the main reason
why the Visitor has been induced to mitigate the sentence
of removal.—Dated this 20th day of October, in the year
of our Lord 1852. " G. ROCHESTER, Visitor,

The Austrian Lloyd of Vienna says :
" The telegraphic dispatch was right in calling the
speech of the Prince an event. It is, in fact, one which
has produced the greatest sensation. This speech is re-
markable in every way both in form and substance. The
question is no longer to know whether the empire will
be proclaimed; for it may be said that has been long
since done. The Prince has replied with the greatest
Acing froid, and with the most entire good faith to the
cares, and doubts, and the fears which the empire might
inspire fur the continuance of the peace of the world."

ity, and gaseity, abstract nou-------..„...,......ns
derived
of
co
the familiar adjectives " irrelative,"
" amourrpsabofruzz
Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases. By Pefier , " sinistral," and " gaseous"—it has, we conceive,
Mark Roger, M.D., Fords
, &c. Lonl ;man, Brown, i permanently enriched the language. Speaking him..
i self of the difficulties standing in the way of a lucid
Green, and Longmans.
An Englishman's library cannot—we a, ly it advisedly classification of ideas, Dr. Roget has. directed eaten.
—be regttrded as complete without this , magnificent tion to the circumstance of a neutral idea being some..
product of industry and erudition : wits lout any one times admitted between two others of a completely
exception the most remarkable treasury of the lan- opposite character, and from which it is equi-diatani
gunge. Henceforth, we doubt not belt th at every in- as in the subjoined :
Identity. Difference. Contrariety. s
telligent scholar in the United Kingdo m v till as sedu-
lously turn for assistance to Dr. Roget'. s "Thesaurus" Beginning. Middle.
Future. End.
as he has hitherto been accustomed to re ler in all Leo_ Past. Present
.poihtedl out examples
ments of verbal difficulty to the aid of De •. Johnson's Still more curiously, Le h.
" Dictionary." It must not be imaginers , however, where the intermediate wordas is snip y the negative)
71dw
. e e
by those who are unacquainted with the v York here to each of two opposite positions. As—
Convexity.
Flatness.
Concavity.
submitted to our criticism, that it encroache, i in any
way whatever upon the ground hitherto octal, Died by Desire.
the great lexicographer. Dr. Roger, in eare:e, log out Again, be reminds us that eleewvvihtehrevithhienhintermediate
f,'ed the extremes is compncayre.d:s
his laborious enterprize, has proceeded in a tot a Ily op. word is properly the standard '
ugAicsrency. Redundance.
posite direction—he has not arranged and class)
words in order too btain the ideas, but, reversi, lee the Insuificie
From these •
system, has arraned and classified the ideas in order illustrative facts, it '
to obtain the words. It is the first time in the his- obstacles necessary to be va •
Is obvious that the
Tabular Synopsisvanquished, even in ths
tory of literature that an undertaking of this chi rae- of Categories, by
ter has been actually accomplished. Frequentl. 7it trivial in extent or restricted in werenurnbe- no means
may have been contemplated as practicable, but vast majority have been successfull r. Yet the
hitherto it has seemed to evade the grasp of reali, sa- the compiler, sometimes by conquastyanodvercome. by
Lion. The indefatigable energy, the eclectic kno• )i- by evasion. Having himself triumphed so same
imes
ledge, and the indomitable perseverance of Dr. Rog 9 t over difficulties that, to a less energetic andremarkably*
have at length, however, achieved what has heretofore structed philologist, must have appeareel to be lessin.
seemed to be the despair of the most active and en. wholly insurmountable, we deem it no marvel almosth
lightened philologists. He has been engaged upon. talks hopefully towards the close of his very masterly°
his Herculean task, we are not surprised to learn„ "Introduction" of the possibility of mankind being.'
during many years past, and the extraordinaryvolume, ultimately blessed with one Universal Language. II
now published by the eminent house of Longman is. was the day-dream of Leibnitz—it was the conviction
the fruit consequently of a research entitled to our of Wilkins—and it is still the hope of Roget : nor
most grateful consideration. As the title-page sig- can we feel amazement that such should be the case
nificantly intimates, the work will be found to " faci- in the latter instance, when we scan the pages of the
litate the expression of ideas," and thereby, of course,to , really marvellous compilation before us, and reflect
aid very materially in the process of literary comps- upon the care, and the acuteness, and the vigilance,
sition. A more acceptable boon could not have been and the perseverance, and the indomitable energy,
contrived, whether the compiler considered the re- and the abounding knowledge, successfully colleen-
quirements of the most shallow tyro or of the most trated in the fabrication of this wonderful " The.. veteran bibliographer. Horne Tooke had already, oaurus"—the classified and docketted store of all the
long ago, pointed with his steady nervous finger the riches of the English language.
nature of this grand desideratum. Listen, in testi-
mony of this, to the declaration contained in that one
terse but pithylsentence of the Erea ilrepoEvra—" It
is impossible we should thorougbly understand the
nature of the signs, unless we first properly consider
and arrange the things signified." "It is impossible"
—that was the avowal of a great and profound philo-
logist—avroc curer—" it is impossible." " Rather,
however, should he say now, " It was impossible."
for the dream of Tooke has become the reality of
Roget. The " things signified" have been here, both
"considered and arranged"—considered with all pos-
sible caution, and arranged with all imaginable adroit-
ness—by the keen eye and rapid hand of the author
of "Thesaurus." Everybody knows well enough
that the problem submitted to himself for solution by
the lexicographer, is simply :—The word being given,
to find the idea it is intended to convey, or, in other
words, to discover its signification. In the really won-
derful compilation before us, the problem to be solved is
different. It is this :—The idea being given to find the
word, or words, by which the idea may be most fitly
and aptly expressed. Surely the advantage of a pro-
duction accomplishing this must be, at a glance, suf•
ficiently apparent. Whether he be a writer or not—
there cannot possibly be a man amongst the more in-
telligent classes of the population who has not occa-
sionally experienced the embarrassing sense of a very
painful inaccuracy, or let us say, at least of a scarcely
less painful inadequacy of diction for the revelation of
thoughts or emotions burning in his head or heart for
the relief of utterance. As affording aid at these
moments, the "Thesaurus" must infallibly prove a
resource altogether inestimable. It has permanently
stamped its author's name upon the annals of English
literature as one of our ripest scholars, and one of
our most accomplished philologists.
Was it Fox who said it of Pitt, or Pitt of Fox?
Whoever the author or the object of the eulogium,
however, it is on record somewhere among the anec-
dotes of our national rhetoricians, that it was re-
marked of a brother orator by one of the most elo-
quent luminaries of the British Parliament, "I never
want a word, but he never wants the word !" A
panegyric not capable of very frequent application,
otherwise we should not so frequently encounter, even
in the writings of our most eminent men of letters,
passages of bewildering involution or of stilted
phraseology,—a style happily termed by Dr. Roget,
one " at once laboured and obscure, vapid or redun-
dant, or vitiated by the still graver fault of affectation
or ambiguity." Our conceptions are, moreover, some-
times so fleeting in form, and so subtle in peculiarity,
that a rapid command of diction is essential not only
for their communication to others, but even for their
exact appreciation by ourselves. Thought becomes at
these moments too variable, and, so to speak, vola-
tile in its evanescence, to be followed up without
extraordinary difficulty through all the sequence
of concatenation—and this, more especially, in the
more abstract reveries superinduced by either ethical
or metaphysical investigation. Under this be-
wilderment we may be fain to cry out in the
despairing tones of Horace, Quo teneam vultus
mutantem Protea nodo? Dr. Roget replies to that
appeal by his " Thesaurus." He removes the diffi-
culties which have until now stood, for some insur-
mountably, in the way of graceful and perspicuous
composition. If there be no royal road to learning,
he has at any rate macadamized the old republican
pathway which the majority have traversed only
with unalleviated pain, and unmitigated difficulty.
The manner in which he has accomplished this, is to
us one of the most surprising miracles yet performed
in the miraculous development of our language. He
has contrived—necessarily—a perfectly novel system
of classification. This system, we may observe, can
be at once comprehended with facility by an exami-
nation of his very lucid and ingenious "Tabular Sy-
nopsis of Categories." First of all, he separates the
ideas that require to be catalogued into classes, he
subdivides these classes into sections, and, lastly, he
numbers the minor fragments into which those sec-
tions have, in the end, been paragraphed. In order,
if possible, to explain this skilful system of classifica-
tion, we weuld observe, for instance, that Dr. Roget
has contented himself with distributing the whole
mass of his materials into Six Classes, separating
these classes variously into what constitutes, in the
aggregate, Twenty-four Sections, and partitioning the
whole yet more minutely into what reaches altogether
the sum total of exactly One Thousand Paragraphs.
The six classes are—l. Abstract Relations. 11. Space.
111. Matter. IV. Intellect. V. Volition. VI. Af-
fections. Under the First Class, that of Abstract
Relations, we have as Sections-1. Existence (Nos. 1
to 8); 2. Relation (Nos. 9 to 24) ; 3. Quantity (Nos.
25 to .57) ; 4. Order (Nos. 58 to 83); 5. Number
(Noe. 84 to 105); 6. Time (Nos. 106 to 139) ; 7.
Change (Nos. 140 to 152) ; 8. Causation (Nos. 153 to
179). The example here given of a distinct class
with the manner of its division into sections, and of
its subdivision into paragraphs, will sufficiently dia-
-1 play the ingenuity of the method adopted by our phi-
lologist in his arrangement. " Space," in like manner,
has for its sections four; namely,—Generally, Dimen-
sions, Form, and Motion. "Matter" has
wto
three—
Generally, Inorganic, and Organic. "Intellect"
—Formation of Ideas and Communication of Ideas.
" Volition," two, —lndividual, and Intersocial. And
" Affections," the last of the classes, six—Generally,
Personal, Sympathetic, Moral, and Religious.
How all this is accomplished in the details, details
necessarily elaborate, and, to the superficial observer,
seemingly almost infinitesimal, may be very readily
recognized, as before indicated, by even a superficial
glance
down the Tabular Synopsis of Categories. It
must not be conjectured, however, from what has been
already remarked in the present criticism, that the
labours of Dr. Roget have been restricted to a mere
catalogue of words. Enormous as that task alone
would have been, he has not contented himself with
accomplishing it in the goodly volume under consi-
deration, but to the individual words themselves he
has added a copious variety of phrases and forms of
expression, some of them composed of several words,
as, for instance, " to have a finger in the pie," or " to
turn over a new leaf"—phrases which, according to
the all-embracing judgment of the compiler, " are of
such frequent use as to entitle them to rank among the
constituent parts of the language." All-embracing
we have termed his judgment, and assuredly not with-
out reason, seeing that the " Thesaurus" contains
much that would have gladdened the heart of
Cat-
nach, while it would infallibly have tasted
not
moreChester-
pleasantly than asauntida in the nostrils of
Chester-
field.
We can't help thinking that g_ood , industrious Dr.
Roget, must infallibly be a bit of
a w
as he is cer-
tainly a great deal of a philosopher.f
through the
partiality for a little sprinkling
drier details of the " Thesaurus,„ of un
could never But for his
weby
possibility have discovered (No. 360) under the head
othe
f " Death," such phrases as "to hop twig," and
‘‘ to kick the bucket." Although by admitting these
forms of expression—undoubtedly current enough in
society—the compiler has rendered himself liable to
the accusation of being over-lenient to mere slang and
vulgarisms, he has, nevertheless thereby only yielded
a new and vivid evidence of his anxiety to give his
work the most desirable of all merits for such an un-
dertaking—the broad and paramount merit of com-
pleteness. Occasionally, it is true, blemishes may
reasonably enough, in so complex and l
nove an enter-
prise,detected, either through
bean error of omission
or through one of classification. Everything duly
considered, the whole of the enormous difficultyh
task being borne in recollection, itmust, h of t
be
owever, e
acknowledged upon all hands,and
that Dr. Roget has at-
tained a degree of accuracycomdplettefness that no
one would have ventured to re
issue of the " Thesaurus." If itpwerien in on ro
other
a rly
re-
spect advantageous to the cause of our national litera-
ture, the volume would be welcome, seeing that by no
les° than four worch—irrelation, amorphism, sinistre-

LITERATURE.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

TATTERSALL'S.—TUITREDAT.
A.t the commencement of business Azael was in great
force at 11 to 2, and was first favourite, but subsequently
gave precedence to Babette, who, after several offers of
6to L, left off at sto 1 (taken). Azael receded to 6to
1 on the advance of the mare, afterwards rose to 5 to 1,
taken to several hundred pounds, and finally closed at
11 to 2 (takers.) A good deal of money was laid out on
Ephesus at 10, 11, and 12 to 1, the last bet being 1,1001 to 100. Convulsion, Hyacinth, Westhergage, Hobble
Noble, and the Knight of the Shire were backed for
small sums; nothing else was in favour.

CAMBRIDGESHIRE STAKES.
5 to 1 agst Mr. R. E. Oliver ne Babette (taken)
11 to 2 agst Sir W. Booth's Azael (taken)
11 to 1 agat Mr. Waller's Ephesus (taken)
14 to 1 agst Mr. T. Parr's Weathergage (taken aid
afterwards offered)
16 to 1 agst Major Martyn's Convulsion (taken)
20 to 1 agst Baron Rothschild's Hyacinth (taken)
20 to 1 agst Mr. Merry's Hobble Noble (taken)
20 to 1 agst Lord Bruce's Knight of the Shire (taken)
25 to 1 agat Mr. Morris's Hungerford
25 to 1 agat Mr. Phillips's Le Juif
so to 1 agst Lord Wilton's Lady Evelyn
40 to 1 agst Mr. Waring's Manifold (taken)
1000 to 500 agst Babette and Azael (taken)
CRITERION STAKES.
7 to 4 agat Duke of Bedford's Sittingbonrne
2 to 1 agst Lord Exeter's Filbert (taken)
The room will be opened this day and to-morrow,
For comparing books on the Cambridgeshire.

RICHMOND RACES—TEURIDAY.
The Wright Stakes of 5 sous, each ; for two-year olds ;
colts, Bst 71b ; fillies, Bst 41b ; winners, extra, &c. ;
Grey Stone-in. 7 subs.
Mr. C. Wright's na bk c Hatchet
Mr. Hesseltine's b c by Fitzallen, out of Mrs. Burns's
dam
Mr. Blackburn's Goorkah 23
Five ran. Won by a length.
The Gold Cap Stakes of 10 guineas each, for three-year
olds and upwards ; winner to be sold for 300/., &o.
once round. 7 subs.
Lord Zetland's Radulphus aged, 9st
Mr. Dawson's Farmer's Boy, 3 yrs, ist 61b 2
Won by half a length.
The Rubbish Plate was won by Child of the Mist,
beating Bacton and Dismay by a length.

EPSOM AUTUMN
Beddington Stal

i MEETING, 1852.
&ex. One mile.

at lb
Pelion 8 12
Cheddar 8 7'
Exact
Little David
Lady Louisa 8 0
ICatty Darling
Gossip
Ethelbert
Amazin
Beverlac 7 8
Cor) barites 7 8
Miss Agnes 7 5
Eulogist
Michaelmas Maid
Miss Tennyson
Valour
The .Bintinck P 1
Yrs st lb
Chief Justice 5 8 101
Grecian
Hagley a 8 7
Gladiole
Indian Warrior
Narcissus
Clothwotker
Adine
Humphrey 5 7 9
Frantic
Grey Tommy 3 7 8
Young England 5 7 7
Hothorpe
b g Deceitful
Faux-pas
Poodle 3 7 1
Lady Agnes
ch c Ethelwolf
Dulcet a 6 12
Vermuth 4 6 12.

Psaltery
'2
Diomedia
Rehm 6 13
t byFauE,,h-a-Ballagh 6 13
1 Charming Woman 6 7
Ireland's Eye 6 7
Hubby-horso ...
Lady Flora 6 6
Shropshire Lass 6 6
Hatchet
Altitude
Little Swift...... 6 4
Mrs. John
Feramorz
Fronzy
ToholbkP 5 7
late. One mile.

Swot theart Yrs at lbs
6 10
IThe Proctor
I
Sackbut
Billy Bar
Allegro 3 6 7
Kate
Benita 3 6 it,
Athena Pallas
Lady in Waiting 3 6 2
The Varmint 3 6 0
Sister to Singapore 3 5 12
Happy Joe 3 IS 12
Marianna
Northman
Y. Troublesome 4 5 9
Termagant 3 5 7
Cotton Lady "3 5 7
Snarry
Butterfly (h b)

WILTSHIRE CHAMPION COURSING MEETING.

THURSDAY.
Second Ties for Great Western Cap.

Brandyball beat Madcap, Whirlwind beat Derby, Miss
Hannah beat Lufra, Esprit beat Chrystal.
Second Ties for the Druid Cup.

Bedlamite beat Friar Tuck. Motley beat Savesll, Lady
Dalton beat Raven, Worlds' Fair beat Beverlac, Bierlitt
beat Pilot.
First Tics for the Stonehenge Stakes.

Round Robin beat Whynot, Baron beat Magna Charts,
Ludovic beat Uncle Tom, Gambler beat Billy-boy,

First Ties for the Elston Stakes.

Remnant beat Evangeline, Ballet Dancer beat Jolly
Lass, Rose beat Frenzy, Imogene beat Maid-of-the-Milt
The Beacon Hill Stakes.
Mr. Blenkiron's British Tar beat Mr. Wheeler's
Forester, Mr. Lawrence's Lopez beat Colonel Clowes's
Cspulet, Mr. Riley's Rodney beat Mr. Jeriner's Facto-
tum, Mr. Etwall's Wilstord beat Mr. Longman's Lizard,
Mr. Foley's Bran beat Mr. Jebb's Questionist, Mr. Hall's
Rate-in-Aid beat Mr. Wheeler's Weston, Mr. Riley's
Copenhall beat Captain Wyndham's Wilfred, Mr.
Miller's Merry Monarch beat Mr. Hall's Rajah.
The Everleigh Stakes.

Mr. James's Jezebel beat Sir J. Boswell's Rose
d'Amour, Mr. Riley's Ready-Reckoner beat Mr. Milkea
Whirlwind, Mr. Randall's Black Diamond beat Captain
Wyndham's Vivid.