The Sun.
London, England, 1852-06-24 00:00:00

ITALY.

Tho Official Gazette of Savoy of the 21st states,
from Turin, that the Armonia, a clerical paper, has
been seized for an intemperate article against the
new Marriage Bill, in which it attempted to prove
that it was contrary to the Catholic religion, aad
that, consequently, in virtue of Art. 1 of the Vied-
naontese Constitution, which enacts that the Catholic
religion is the religion of the State, every one has a
right to refuse submission to the Bill when become
the law of the land.

- .- -- -- -
M. TRIERS left Turin on the 19th for Vevey,where
he expects bis family to join him.
A correspondent, writing from Rome, June 14,
says :
With regard to the case of Mr. Murray, lam
source, that the Pope has at last consented to ant this
happy in being able to state, from
unfortunate young man a pardon.. monsignor Amici
leaves this evening for Ancona, and is the bearer of the
reprieve. The original sentence of death is commuted
into hard labour for life at the. galleys. I
a most trustworthy
have, how-
ever, reason to believe that it will not be fully carried i
into execution, but that before long t will be materially
altered; hopes are, indeed, entertained of Murray being
eventually set at liberty."

THE BREAKWATER.
A very
operation is
in progress at the breakwater now in course of construc-
tion at this place, which is nothing less than the building
intrere°stlngTL auAdN novel ove l engineering
of a bridge across, or rather into, the sea. In order to
render the necessity for this intelligible, it will be better
to describe the general design of the breakwater. This
is intended to consist of two separate portions—the one
extending from the shore into the sea about 1,900 feet,
in an east-north-east direction; and the other about
6,000 feet in length, and isolated,, the nearest point
of which will ultimately be 400 feet from the inner
portion. During the progress of the works, and until
the pier heads forming the ends of these arms are
built, the necessary space for constructing them,
and other contingent causes, will Prevent the
rough unfinished portion of the two arms approaching
nearer to each other than from 800 to 1,000 feet. The
stone with which the breakwater its formed is quarried
by convicts; but the general execution of the same, re-
quiring too much mechanical knowledge for such a class
of men, is under contract. The stone (an admixture of
rough large blocks, from six tons and under, mixed with
a sufficient quantity of small ribble to fill the interstices)
is tipped into the sea from railway waggons
(without
any attempt at regularity, with the exception of a due
regard to a proper proportion of sizes), trains of which
are hauled along the breakwater by locomotive engines.
This mode of depositing the material renders its execu
tion very cheap; and it is principally; with a view of
adopting this manner of construction on the outer break-
water that the bridge above alluded to becomes neces-
sary. This is of course a timber structure, and
although only for what may bo called a tem-
porary purpose, is necessarily, both from its position
and from the length of time it will have to remain,
erected in a manner which would ordinarily be
called permanent. The general depth of water at low
water is about 57 feet, and the roadway being 25 feet
above this level, it follows that the piles
must be about 80 feet in length or height, a", as single
mbaests
Prepared with the necessary iron work connected with
ii) about seven tons. The mode of fixing these in the
made timbersiikwe otuhled
ground is ingenious. They are shod with cast-iron
shoes of Mitchell's patent, having
moaftl i
vreesa s
,n ()eta
cohb t tnibilhl7ll,
g' theyt.t(ls ghatr,inet
a thread or worm
upon them of a large pitch, which are screwed into the
clay or shale by means of a capstan head, and bars
fixed on the head of the piles. Each pile is supported
in an upright position by very strong guys or stay
rods, and upon these piles, which are in rows, 30 feet
apart, the necessary superstructure for carrying three
lines of railway and a horse-track is fixed, making
a bridge of about 80 feet wide. A visit to these
works would well repay
any one who is interested in
these matters, both from the
magnitude of the work and
the speed with which it is executed, the total length of
1,000 feet only taking about four months to do. The
harbour of refuge at Portland is the largest now being
constructed, under the recommendation of the Harbour
Commissioners, appointed some few years back, and the
works have been carried forward with great spirit. The
breakwater staging is now approaching half-a mile in
length from the shore, and the part filled up‘with stone
already affords very considerable shelter in the anchor-
age, the advantages of which are beginning to be felt by
the masters of vessels, foreign as well as British. The
works are being constructed for.the Admiralty, under
the superintendence of Mr. James M. Bendel, F.R.S.,
ergiueer in chief, and Mr. John
Coode, resident en-
gineer. Mr. J. T. Leathero is the contractor for the
same.

THE GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAy.....
RAILWAY TRAFFIC
(Miles in work, 223
—.Return of Traffic for the Week endin
June 13, 1852 :
Passengers, parcels, carriages
horses, dogs, and mails
...
, £5,343 16 4
RETURNS
Merchandise and minerals
5,230 3 4
Cattle •••''' '" ... 259 lg 10
...

Total .. --.
•••
Corresponding week, 1851 (236
~„:, • £10,833 13 6
Passengers, parcels, &c.. "es) :
Merchandise, Cattle, &c. ... £8,052 311
••• 3,570,.12 0

Total ... ... -
...,C11,622_15 (260 1
miles
1
LANCASHIRE AND YOR
June
RAILWAY.
open.)—Traffic for week endingi J
Corresponding week n ast itle 20 £17,657 18 3
i
miles open) .. .. Year, (2do
. ...
...216,521 13 2
CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD ItutwAy.Traffic for the
week ending June 20:—

MAIN LINE.

Passengers
Parcels, H. C. and D.
Goods, cattle, &C. ...
Mails ... •••

••• £1,683 2 7
• 98 15 3
• 502 19 4
*". 575 0 0

Total

• ••
MOLD.

Passengers ...
Parcels, H. C. and D. ...
Goods, cattle, &c. „..

••• £2,859 17 2

Total

£3B 4 8
1 12 11
*** 86 17 10