The Sun.
London, England, 1864-07-22 00:00:00

DISEASED MEAT.

Mr CRAWFORD asked the Secretary of State for the
Home Department, whether Alex. Stewart, who was con-
victed at the Central Criminal Court in December, 1863, of
the offence of sending diseased meat from Scotland to Lon-
don for sale, and sentenced to pay a fine of £5O, and
imprisonment for the term of 12 calendar months, had been
liberated tro►a gaol without payment of the fine ; and if so,
that he would state the grounds on which Stewart was so
liberated and the fine remitted ; and, whether applic ,tions
were not now before the Secretary of State for the remission
of punishments and penalties in other similar cases.—He
observed that during the past year no less than 114,0001 b.
of diseased meat and 76,0001 b. of putrid meat had been
seized in the City of London.
Sir G. GREY said that an application to the Home
Office for a remission of the sentence was refused, and he
was liberated only on the statement of the visiting justices
of Holloway Prison, that further imprisonment would
affect his health.
WALES RESERVOIRS.

In reply to Mr FEILRAND,
Sir G. GREY drew attention to the law on this subject
which he said did not, he believed, entitle justices of the
peace to interfere in these matters. However, in certain
companies there wets provisions that authorised justices of
Peace to interfere to co:nrel the repair of embankments.
REFUSAL OF A WINE LICENCE TO WES-
Sir G GREY TON'S RETREA.T.
explained that there was no right of
appeal except in the case when a licence had been already
obtained, and tnat parties applying for licenses had a right
to be heard before they were refused;
FOREIGN PASSPORTS.
that
Mr CANARD said of the French
with the greatest liberalit' the Emperor t
Y'
had
removed all restrictions on
British subjects travelling
to show a passport, it was in
m France,and if they were asked
personalere lto prove their nationality.
He could speak from
subjects were not exp3sed to any experience that British
uleonvenience in regard
to this matter. The other
countriesßava who were not
required to hays passports were
Den-
mark, Italy, Prussia, Spain, and Norway,
Belgium, en-
r way- He rem-
wendedD that Englishmen should carry passports to avoid
any inconvenience.
TEE METROPOLITAN POOR RELIEF
Lord C, IiAMILTON said that copies of this bill, h
was to be committed to-morrow, had not been en iltiNvaiehaicto_
bon. members until yesterday afternoon. This wPaPs
iropertant bi!l, and conferred large powers ou the Beard of
cleating with property in the metropolis.
Works in
Mr GLADSTONE said that the copies had been
distributed yesterday morning, when he and other mem-
bers received them.

After some discussion,
Mr. viLLIERS said that this bill had been considered
upstairs for three years, and was made in conformity with
the unanimous recommendation of the committee who had
duly investigated the subject.
LORD PALMERSTON S NOTICE FOR MONDAY

EVENIN'.
:fir HUNT desired to make an appeal to the noble lord

at the head of the Government respecting his notice for the
rescinding of the resolution relating to the educational in-
spectors' reports. The report of the select c mittee re-
ferred to an appendix which was not yet in t- hands of
members, and that was one reason for not pi oceeding as
yet with the motion of which the noble bad given no•
tice. But there was the further reason, that it would be
most objectionable and unusual, at the very end of the
session, when probably there would not be half the mem-
bers present who had passed the resolution, if the Govern-
ment were to attempt the rescission of the resolution.
(Hear, hear.) He was not, at all prepared to say that he
was opposed to the motion of the noble lord upon its merits,
but he wished as a matter of principle to protest against the
endeavour to smuggle such a notice through the house.
He thought it would be much more satisfactory if the
question were allowed to stand over until next session,,when
it could be properly considered, than discuss it during the
last few days of the session, when, as was well known, the
business of the house was under the control of the Govern-
ment. (Hear, hear.)
TROOPS FOR JAPAN.
Lord R. MONTAGU asked upon whose authority
troops of the line and marines had been sent to Japan. Was
it upon the authority of the Cabinet, or upon the authority
of some subordinate officer ? If it was upon the authority
of some subordinate, he wished to know what the noble
lord proposed to do with the subordinate in question. He
also wished to know it the noble lord was prepared to lay
the despatch of General Browne upon the table before the
discussion appointed for to-morrow evening came on.
MINISTERIAL REPLIES.
Lord PALMERS TON—The noble lord the member for
Huntingdonshire (Lord &Montagu) asks under what autho-
rity a force of Royal Marines has been sent to Japan. Sir,
the force was sent in consequence of a decision of the Cabi-
net, who thought it was desirable to increase our military
defences at that station. With regard to the question of
the hon. member for Northamptonshire (Mr. Hunt), I have
to state I thought it my duty to avail myself of the earliest
moment after the report of the committee was in the hands
of members, to ask the house to do justice to my right hon.
friend the member for Calne (Mr. Lowe), and the depart-
ment to which he belonged, and to rescind the resolution
which it had passed. I apprehend, in all probability, there
may be quite as large an attendance of members on Mon-
day next as when the resolution was passed. There were not
200 members present then, and I think there will be at
least that number present on Monday. Under these cir-
cumstances I cannot postpone the notice which I have
given.

Lord HOTHAM regretted very much the decision which
the noble lord had come to, and hoped he would reconsider
it. He slid that, considering the period of the session at
which they had arrived, and the smallness of the attend-
ance which might be expected on Monday evening. There
was this further objection to the course the noble viscount
proposed to take. There were two parties to this question;
there was the right hon. gentleman the member for Calne
(Mr Lowe), who was there in his place, and would probably
be there on Monday, and the noble lord the member for
Stamford, who was not in his place, and who might not be
there on Monday. Therefore he asked the noble lord not to
come to a conclusion upon a point of form which might be
erroneously thought to affect the facts of the case, and
might give rise to some misapprehension.
The subject then dropped, and the motion for the ad-
journment of the house was withdrawn.
THE INDIAN BU DGET.
Sir C. WOOD made his annual statement of the finances
of India. He began by observing that the favourable anti-
cipations he had made in past years had been confirmed,
and the hopes he had held out had been more than realised.
The result was that, after an equilibrium of revenue and
expenditure in one year, there has been a considerable sur-
plus in three successive years, £8,313,000 of debt had been
paid off, and there was a balance in the Treasury of upwards
of £19,000,000. There had been a steady increase, he said,
in all the items of revenue, the augmentation of the land
revenue having resulted from the large quantity of land
taken into cultiv Ltion, He went over the other sources of
supply to the Indian Exchequer, explaining, as he pro-
ceeded, the nature of each and the modifications they had
undergone, remarking that most at them werederived from
internal taxati. n, falling %on the people of India. He
then adverted to the expenditure, to the increase in the
pr ce of commodities and in the rate of wages. He entered
very fully into the state of the cotton cultivation, showing
that there had been a progressive increase in the produc-
tion and in the importation of East India cotton, and stated
the measures taken to eheck its adulteration. He read
statements of the augmentation of the exports of other
articles of Indian produce—coffee, indigo, jute, woods, tea,
and chincona bark. He gave details respecting the state of
publio works in India, where there was now an excessive
demand and competition for labour; the railroads, tele-
graphs, &c.; and he then, after remarking that tranquillity
prevailed within our own territories in India, traced the
origin of the late operations against the fanatical tribes be-
yond the Punjab frontier, from the time of the Mahomedan
schismatic, Syed Ahmed, to that of the Akhoond of Swat,
their present head, and adverted to the quarrel with the
chief of Bootan and his treatment of Mr Eden, indicating
the inexpensive measures to be adopted to bring the chief to
reason, by occupying the passes of his territory, and cutting
off his communications and supplies. In conclusion, he re-
viewed some of the leading measures of the Indian local
Government daring the past year, and vindicated the policy
and administration of the home authorities. He concluded
by moving the first of a series of resolutions on the financial
condition of the several Governments of British India.
The resolutions presented the following result:--
The total net revenues of the several Presi-
dencies for the year ended the 30th of April,
1863
The total charges

Surplua.of Indian revenue
Interest on debt .. £3,351,680
Charges defrayed in England .... 9,015,601

9,867,281

Surplus of Indian income £1,527,346

Mr 'H. SEYMOUR considered the statement, on the
whole, highly satisfactory; suggesting, however, the more
ready sale of waste lands in India in fee-simple by the
Government.

Mr J. B. SMITH complained that the Indian Budget
was not brought before the Louse at an earlier period of the
session, and that it was not accompanied by the explaua
tions of the Finance Minister in India. He complained
likewise that so little attention was paid to opening out the
internal navigation in that country. He, however, con-
gratulated the house upon the satisfactory character of the
report given of the finances of India.

Cursory observations upon the various topics touched
upon in the statements of Sir C. Wood were made by Mr
Kinnaird, Mr Vansittart, Mr Crawford, Mr Torrena, Mr
Gregson, and other members, some of whom could not help
animadverting upon the state of the house, and especially
the vacant benches on the Opposition side, during this dis-

cussion.
Sir C. WOOD made a general detailed reply to objec-
tions and inquiries.
The resolutions were then agreed to.
On the order for going into committee on the Consoli-
dated Fund (Appropriation) Bill,
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER explained'
the financial changes which had affected the balance be-
tween revenue and charges for the year, the result of which
had reduced the surplus, calculated by him in his budget
statement at £138,000, to £6.5,000.
After some remarks by Sir H. Willoughby, Mr J. White,
and Mr Walpole, upon the subject of the surplus,
Mr AYRTON called attention to he balance of power in
Europe, for the maintenance of which the army supplies
ere appropriated, He observed that Prussia, as en indepen-
dent kingdom, apart from the Germanic Confederation, had
been guaranteed in the possession of a portion of Saxony
by the Treaty of Vienna. He contended that Prussia bad
departed from that treaty by invading Schleswig and Den-
mark and had broken the peace of Europe, and, in the
name of the people of England, he protected against this
proceeding on her part, and insisted that we were not
bound to adhere to the arrangements of the treaty of 1815
in respect to Saxony.
Sir J. FER.GUSSON remarked that if the doctrines now
held were to lot maintained, other treaties might be as easily
set aside.
Lord PALMERSTON said he did not stand up to defend
the conduct of Prussia; but he could not concur with Mr
Ayrtoa in thinking that, because Prussia had made war
upon Denmark, we were relieved from the engagements and
obligations we had contracted, along with other Powers,
under the Treaty of Vienna.
The house tben went into committee upon the bill, the
clauses of which were agreed to alter some discussion.
On the order for the third reading of the New Zealand
(Guarantee of Loan) Bill,
Mr WHALLEY called upon the Government to give
an explicit answer to the question whether Governer Sir
George Grey had not attributed the war in New Zealand
to the machinations of the Roman Catholic priests.
Mr HENNESSY moved to defer the third reading for a
month. He cited testimonies favourable to the character of
the Maories, and denounced the war, which, he said, com-
promised the honour of the country.
Mr CARDWELL reminded the house that the hostile
natives occupied a very limited part of the colony, and he
read a statement of Governor Grey as to the real origin of
the war, the object of which was to put down a conspiracy
by a small minority of the natives.
Upon a division, the amendment was negatived by 75
to

32.
The bill was then read the third time and passed.
The house then went into committee upon the Fortifica-
tions (Provision for Expens,s) Bill, when
The Ala, finis of HA RTINGTON made a short explana-
tory statement, in which he Described the progress and con-
dition of the works.
The clauses of the bill were agreed to, after considerable
d scussion.
The other orders were proceeded with, and the house
adjourned at half past 3 o'clock.

is ru
FECHTER AS CLAUDE MELNOTTE!—If
mowed, says a contemporary, that Mr Fechter intends t(
produce "Tbe Lady of Lyona," and thafl he lb looking for I.
lady to play Pauli4e to his Claude Melaottei Why no'
Miss Kate Terry?

TIM CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA,

(From the Times Correspondent.)
NEW YORK, July 8.

Kentucky has been declared in a stage of siege,
and the habeas corpus has been suspended through-
out its whole extent. Mr• Lincoln has appointed a
day of fasting, humiliation, and prayer, but hesi-
tates to call for the 300,000 or 500,000 men so
urgently needed, lest his electioneering prospects
should thereby be clouded. Gold is up at a pre.
mium of 171 yer cent., and is hourly advancing.
Grant has been fairly checkmated at Petersburg,
and has sat before it for 24 days uncertain what to
(19. Sherman has gone round the Kenesaw Moun-
tain, which he failed to capture, and approached a
few miles nearer than before to the Chattachoochie
and Atlanta, and Gen. Lee has invaded Maryland,
threatens Pennsylvania, and scared all Washing-
ton, lest he should not be satisfied without captur-
ing Baltimore, and thence marching, all but unop •
posed, through Blandenburg into the Federal capi-
tal. Such is a short summary of the situation. Yet,
strange to say, most of the Federal journals find
great comfort in it, and those which more particu-
larly make it their business to support the Admini-
stration are rampant in their exultation that things
look so bright for the loyal and so black for the rebel
cause. The suspension of law and the habeas corpus
in Kentucky is too small a matter for their conside-
ration. The day of humiliation, fasting, and prayer
will please the religious people and the " war
Christians," and will answer exactly the same pur-
pose as if it had been a day of thanksgiving. The
postponement of the draught signifies nothing,
inasmuch as recruiting goes vigorously on, and the
old soldiers are re-enlisting for the bounty. The
premium on gold looks bad, it is true; but then it
is the work of foreign speculators and unpatriotic
gamblers, who will all be brought to grief by and
by, or as soon :as Mr. Fessendenn has leisure to
look into the matter. Grant at Petersburg is in the
♦ery place where he ought to be, and is as 2ertain
to take Richmond, in an easily computable num-
ber of days, as he was to take Vicksburg. Sherman
is slow, but then he is sure, and is " bound" to take
Atlanta sooner or later—a fact which is proved by
the constant retreats of Johnston, who is evidently
afraid to measure swords with so redoubtable an
antagonist. As :or the invasion of Maryland, it is
a mere raid of 5,000 starving cavaliers at the most,
who have gone for plunder, and will not get half as
much as they expect, and who are certain to be cut
off with their booty on their return homewards by
the combined forces of Hunter and Sigel. Indeed,
so little do these easy and happy observers of events
think of the Shenandoah movement, that they ex-
press their fear that Lee does not intend an inva-
sion, and that be has not sent men enough on the
expedition to make the capture of the whole posse
—bag and baggage, arms, ammunition, and horses
—a sufficient dangerous adventure for the Federal
army to make a brag of.

But all Americans are not so easily led astray as
to believe the rosy explanations of such public in-
structors as these without judging of the facts for
themselves. The business community has come to
the conclusion that the garbled and contradictory
reports of the state of Grant's and Sherman's
armies—and more especially of the Confederate
movement in Maryland—are not to be depended
upon ; that it is more likely that Lee with 50,000
or 60,000 men intends to raise the siege of Rich-
mond and Petersburg by an attack upon Baltimore
and Washington than that he has sent 5,000 men to
break up the Baltimore and Ohio Rail way, destroy
Federal stores and depots, impress men and horses,
and provide the destitute people and garrison of
Richmond with food. They admit, without under•
standing the various reports from the startled and
terrified people of the Border, that whatever Gen.
Lee may mean, his invasion is likely to prove a
serious matter for the people of the North, and one
that will tax the military genius of Gen. Grant to
defeat or render innocuous, and that up to this time
the balanceof victory since the passage of theßapidan
has been with the Confederates. It is these consider-
ations, combined with the knowledge that the new
Secretary of the Treasury is printing off greenbacks
at the rate of 2,000,000 per diem, for the payment
of the arrears due to the army and navy, which un•
settle trade and commerce, and send up gold to a

rate that reduces the value of the paper dollar to
about ls. 6d. English money, instead of 4s. 2d., its
normal worth in times of peace, prosperity, and

specie payments.
Nor are the failure of the summer campaign and
the state of the national finances the only causes of
disquietude. To these, serious enough to try the
philosophy of statesmen and the patience of the
people, have to be added the danger of a collision
between the State and Federal authorities in the
chief city and State of the Union.
The great causeof the people of New York against
General Dix has entered into a new phase. The
general, remembering that in every civilised coml.
try where martial law has not been regularly de-
clared the civil law is paramount, surrendered to
the warrant of the city judge, and appeared to an-
swer the complaint of the district attorney, that he
had illegally, violently, and burglariously entered
and reteined possession for two days of the offices
of the .New York World and Journal of Commerce.
l'o give him time to prepare his defence, the case
was adjourned for a week, and will come o❑ again
to-morrow for further argument. Meanwhile, Mr
Lincoln, informed either through the newspapers
or by the direct agency of the legal advisers ot Gen.
Dix that the general had been arresed by civil
precess, wrote to him not to suffer, " under any
circumstances," his personal liberty to be in-
vaded, and to plead the orders of the Commander-
in-Chief as hie justification for what he had
done. In other words, Mr Lincoln has assumed
the responsibility, and has dared Governor S,y-
mour, who is as legally and constitutionally the
executive and chief magistrate of the State ot New
York as Mr Lincoln is the chief magistrate of the
Union, to try conclusions with him on the great
and vital question, whether in a city not in a state
of siege the military or the civil law is supreme. It
seems as if Governor Seymour, aware of the impor-
tance of the issue, had determined to meet it, and,
in view of the possibility of a conflict between the
Federal troops and the Sheriffs and other officers of
the law, has ordered the militia of the State to be
raised to the quota of 75,000 men, by a draught,
pursuant to the State law for the organisation of
the National Guard. He has at the same time di-
rected that no further steps shall be taken towards
enrolling, equipping, and despatching the 12,000
men which Mr Lincoln has called upon him to
supply for the defence of 'Washington and Mary-
land. Thus the state of affairs is eminently critical.
Gen. Dix has a noble chance, such a one as rarely
falls to the lot of an American politician. He is a
member of the Democratic party, accomplished,
gentlemanly, popular. His party—not quite agreed
upon Gen. M'Clellaa, and having no other in view
—is in want of a candidate to run against Mr Lin-
coln. Gen. Dix has but to declare that when the
military and the civil law come into collision he is
for the civil law—to plead in the matter of the
World and the Journal of Commerce that he obeyed
the order of his superior officer, but rather than
incur any future risk of becoming a bad citizen by
acting as a good soldier he has resigned his position
in the army, and he will (supposing always that
Grant's campaign is really at an end, and that no
military successes of any importance ure gained by
him cr any one else between this and Nov. 8) he
hailed with acclamation as the candidate ot the
great and growing party who prefer liberty to the
Union, and the moat formidable competitor that
could be run against Mr Lincoln. Governor Sey
mour has hitherto been braver in speech than in
action. In the case of the World and Journal of
Commerce he is so clearly in the right and Mr
Lincoln is so clearly in the wrong that the friends
of State Rights believe ho has at last mustered
up courage to make a stand. He has done it
in a way that has as much offended and surprised the
advocates of centralization and arbitrary power as
it has gratified the hitherto timid but numerous
class who think dominion too dearly pui chased at
he price of constitutional freedom, and who only
ant a leader o acknowledged ability and boldness
o become the dominant party. A short time will
•'low whether Governor Seymour will maintain the
position he has assumed, whether General Diz