The Sun.
London, England, 1852-09-29 00:00:00

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.LES.

[PRICE SD.

Total wrought iron

Total cut iron ...

ILIGENCE.

FLOATING OF THE SECONI) GREAT TUBE
ACROSS THE WyE, AT CHEPSTOW.
Extensive.., preparations have been making, for
some days past, towards floating the second great
tube for the second line of railway across the Wye,
at Chepstow, which was accomplished yesterday
morning. Mr. Brereton, the intelligent assistant of
Mr. Brunel, the engineer, has been unremitting in
his attention to the works in the absence of his prin-
cipal, through indisposition, in Italy.
Previously to the elevation of the first tube, on the
19th of July last, the passengers by the South Wales
Railway were conveyed from Chepstow west to the
other side of the Wye, in omnibuses, &c., over a
stony and disagreeable road, about two miles in
length. Up to that time, also, there had been no goods
traffic into Wales, or from that country—thus with-
holding a large weekly revenue from the shareholders.
The formation of the railway across the river, how-
ever, removed this difficulty, and also increased the
passenger traffic, so that since that period the revenve
of the company has increased some 5001. or 6001. per
week. The further opening to Carmarthen (not yet
sanctioned by the Government inspector, though per-
formed by the directors on Friday week) will increase
the revenue by a considerable amount, and particu-
larly in the goods traffic department.
sbaTllhebobrciodmgeplaetteCdh, ewpisltloftso', whrmoenne tohfe
the
eumble ostroadway
magni-
ficent objects that scientific men, engineers and others,
will desire to look upon. The river Wye is one of
the most picturesque of our English or Welsh rivers.
Its banks abound with objects of classic and varied
renown. The celebrated ruins of Tintern Abbey lie
on its left bank, a little way below Chepstow. The
ruins of Chepstow Castle, almost contiguous to the
railway bridge, on the right-hand side of the road
from London, can easily be observed by the traveller
or tourist frowning over the bosom of the " beautiful
Wye ;" while the bridge itself, towering high enough
above the river to allow tall ships to sail beneath,
will not be the least attractive of the spectacles abound-
ing so profusely here.
Tha Wya is a rapid navigable river, upon which
there is considerable traffic. The Admiralty, it may
be remembered, when the project of a bridge at this
particular point was suggested, refused to sanction
any structure that should not have a span across the
river of 300 feet, and be elevated no less than 50 feet
above the highest spring tides. In strict accordance
with this resolution the railway bridge was laid down.
Its full length, from the westward embankment to
the eastern shore of Gloucestershire, is 600 feet.
There are three 100 feet spans on the Monmouthshire
side, upon the land, supported upon cast iron cylin-
ders, inch thick and 6 feet in diameter. The
average depth to which these cylinders were sunk
was 48 feet, through strata of clay, quicksand, marl,
&c., down to the solid limestone rock, which was
found to dip at an angle of 45 degrees. There was,
coyonlisoedqeuresntly, were careful
level.
o n tTalb
el e
svieblkl ing a
ibg,
ofn d
these
cylinders was a work of much difficulty. Excava-
tionsprosiowd dereocwaro by heavyriedonwi
within them, and they were
engine was also required to pump out the water,
which was constantly breaking in, especially during
was'
the rising of the high tides. It
ght'. A 30-horse
Weights.
ih river salt water
was not found in these sinking's, a remarkable
fact, that although the Wye is a tidal
cylinders
having having been sunk were filled with a concrete
Port-
land cement, gravel, and sand, which set in quickly,
as as hard as adamant. Six pillars thus formed are
upon the Monmouthshire land, upon which the now
line was laid, together with one of the girders for the
second line. The three cylinders upon which the
other girders, together with the road for the second
line, will rest, have been sunk, but do not come above
the level of the ground, so that their continuations,
which are lying on the yard in a complete state, have
yet to be erected. The tube itself is 300 feet long,
to cross the full span of the channel. At every third
part of the tube Mr. Brunel has introduced a stiff
wrought-iron girder, which connects the tube firmly
with the road girders. To the ends of the tube are
attached the suspending chains. These, with the aid of
adjusting screws, and the wrought-iron girders on the
tube are stretched as nearly straight as could be de-
sired. There are other diagonal chains connecting
these points, so that at whatever part of the bridge
an engine may he passing, by the arrangements
described its weight is fairly distributed over all the
tubes and chains.
When this second tube is completely elevated,
which will be performed by a slow process, it will be
fixed upon the iron standard on the Monmouthshire
side ; and on the Gloucestershire side will be free to
move upon rollers at the top of the masonry standard,
according to the expansion to which it may be sub-
jected, though the greatest expansion the fellow-tube
experienced on the hottest day did not exceed one
inch. The tube is apparently a alight structure.
Within, it is strengthened by the ineroduction of
diaphragms or discs at every thirty feet, rendering it
both light and stiff. The girders for the roadway
are formed of a deep thin plate of iron, stiffened at
intervals. There is a strong triangular cell at the
top to mist compression, and extension is resisted by
a double plate of rivetted iron at the bottom. The
girders upon which the road is to be laid will be laid
diagonally and rivetted; while upon them creosoted
planks will be secured in the contrary diagonal direc-
tion—thus producing a stiffness and security. Above
these planks eighteen inches of gravel will be laid ; and
then, upon longitudinal sleepers, the permanent rails
will be fixed.
The extent and ponderosity of the works may be
gathered from the following statistics, furnished to
our reporter by the efficient manager of the works :
Tons. Cwts. Qrs.

Two wrought iron tubes, each 312 feet
long•
Wrough iron beam on the standard, to
support thn tubes ...
Wrought iron, in three spans of 100 feet
each, double line
Wrought iron in the girders, floor-
bearers, and other works, of the main
span of 300 feet, double line...
•••
Vertical trusses
Tie girders to connect the Column caps
Suspending links in the main chains and
diagonals 256 5 2
••• • • ••• •••
Saddles at points of suspension rollers••• 41 10 6
Adjusting screws ••• 2 10 0
M 717 3ain tube rollers ••• 211 3
Rulers of girders •••
Bolts •••
.•• ••• 315 0

1,231 2 3

Dtttc setaapritirodr pars. Pets 21 0 0
Cs.st-iron bar plafes for trusses 24 6 1
s
128 6 0
Ditto
Ditto cylinders in supporting piers 830 0 0

... 1,003 12 4

... 2,234 14 4
The masonry in the abutment and pier is calcu-
lated to contain 3,240 cubic yards, and the total cost
9f the
The fl i
Total
oating of the mmense tube was a work of
o,:wrought and cast iron...
ge complete, 65,420/.
tive ease, so perfectly had Mr.Brereton ar-
ranged his plans. A railway was formed upon the
tl aonad
rtaoi
ltsia,ka eT the
mtube
dofnr opmi
ems-,h
ee
xr et
eint
dhi
na dg beenu
tte3sot
oe d on
feet
out to the iron standard. There the end was taken
upon a floating raft of three iron canal boats, inverted
upon another three, forming pontoons. This raft at
the highest tide yesterday morning was floated to the
other side of the river, the tube gradually leaving the
land railway, and occupying exactly one hour and
ten minutes in its transit. When it extended its
great length the full width of the river, a powerful
tackle was fixed to the end, and the work of lifting
commenced, amidst the cheering of a large numlier of
persons who had assembled to witness this trium-
phant undertaking.
The work has been carried forward under the
talented superintendence of Wm. George Owen, Esq.
the resident engineer, assisted by Messrs. Sayers and
Dibbin. All the elaborate calculations, drawings,
&c., had been made under Mr. Brunei, by
assistant in London, Robert P. Brereton, Esq.
Messrs. Finch and Willey,his able
con-
tractors for the iron work ; and Liverpool,
now engaged in the contract between Carmarthen
and Pembrokeshire, was the contractor for the
11r.
Sharpe,
werearpe, the
w ho
is
masonry.

Among those present to witness the interesting pro-
ceedings were Mr. I. K. Brunel, the engineer; Capt.
Claxton, R.N.. Mr. Frederick Saunders, secretary
to the Great Western Company ; Lieutenant San-
ders, Mr. W. Jones, C.E , Mr. Edwards, C.E., Mr.
Dorn, C.-E.; Mr. Brodie, C.E., and the Government
Inspector, Captain Galton, who, with Mr. Brunel
and Captain Claxton, were upon the platform at the
end, superintending the important works.
The process of lifting began at a quarter past-eight,
on the Gloucester-hire side, and ,will probably occupy
about a week. We are glad to say thst not a single
accident of the slightest kind has occurred throughout
1 the whole of the proceedings.

PLYMOUTH AND TANISTOCK.—At a meeting just
held at Oakhampton resolutions were passed recom-
mending conferences with the authorities of Barn-
staple, Bideford, and other places, to ascertain their
probable support, and the amount of traffic likely to
pass over the line from Plymouth to the North of

Devon.
LONDON AND Nowrn.WESTERN.—it is stated
that Mr. Glyn is temporarily succeeded bt Mr.
Smith, as chairman of the board of this company, Mr.
Glyn still retaining his seat as a director, to advise
and give information.
HATFIELD AND LUTON.—Exertions are being
made to obtain the support of the landowners of
the district to the construction of a line from Luton
to Hatfield, which is intended to form a junction with
the Great Northern Railway.