The Sun.
London, England, 1852-05-05 00:00:00

14 f NUN

provement in Ireland. No one was more averse to ab-
senteeism than himself, but no measure was more
ealulated to increase the evil than the present
one. The provisions of the 13111 wOuld, if
put into operation, have a direct and permanent
bad effect upon Irish husbandry, and would soon reduce
the country to a desert. It seemed to him that the
Gentlemen opposite had entirely overlooked that
large, poor, and most miserable class of the people
who had borne the brunt of the famine, and were
as much entitled to consideration as the tenant-
farmers. (Hear hear.) No provision was made
to enable the labouring man, on whose industry both the
tenant and landlord really lived, to have a fair valuation
for his day's work. This, therefore, was an utterly ex-
clusive and selfish measure, designed for the
benefit of one class at the expense of ano-
ther. He believed the Bill would never pass;
but he feared great injury would be indicted on Ireland
by Hon. Members opposite by continuing the present
agitation, and holding out to tenant-farmers hopes
which they knew could never be fulfilled.—(Hear,
hear.) He appealed to them to pause ere they pro-
ceeded further in raising the expectations of a credulous
and excitable people.—(Cheers.)
Mr. G. H. MOORE observed that the Noble Lord had
shrunk, as he would from red hot iron, from adverting
to the general principle of the Bill.—(Hear, hear.)
He thought that no objection to the details
ought to operate as a bar to the further progress of the
Bill, because they might easily be amended in Commit-
tee so as to meet the views of the House. Last year
they went into Committee on the Ecclesiastical Titles
Bill, with the perfect foreknowledge that nearly every
word would be amended in Committee. The only ob-
servation made by the Noble Lord as to the principle
applied likewise to the principle of every other Bill.
—(Hear, hear.) He said that our former legislation
on thes:subject consisted of a heterogeneous and
anomalous code of laws, and that the present Bill did
not repeal, amend, cr consolidate any of them; but on
all subjects on which we legislated there was a great
mass of legislation left behind which it was necessary
should some day receive the attention of Parliament.
The principle feature of the debate on the Bill was the
promise of the Attorney-General for Ireland to intro-
duce a comprehensive Bill on tenant right; but he
confessed the antecedents of that Learned Gentle-
men did not encourage him to hope for much.
The landlords of his part of Ireland were aliens in
blood and feeling to the country, while the tenants were
descendants of convicts who were aliens to the land.
The two were opposed to each other, though some por-
tion of each side were inferior to none in honour, gene-
rosity, and worth; but they were the victims of a com-
bined system that had perverted the instincts of their
common nature.—(Hear, hear.) All the improvements
which had been effected of late years on the land were
the unaided work of the tenant, but they had been swal-
lowed up in the vortex called property, and the tenant
remained without remuneration for his labour, let
alone compensation for his fences and drainage.—
(Hear.) The fruitfulness of the land, indeed, depended
in a great measure upon the tenant; he did all the work
of the estate, and at length having created a little estate
upon the earth's surface, he finds at the end of a long
and laborious life the inheritance of his children snatched
from him by his landlord.—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. CONOLLY—Whet: is he turned out?
Mr. MOORE said—Yes; he was either turned oat,
or he was forced to pay an increased rent for the
property which his own hands had rendered fertile.—
(Hear, hear.) As the law stood, a man hired a farm
for twenty-one years, but it gave him no compensation
when he went out for his improvements, nor provided
that he should obtain a renewal of his lease upon
just and equitable terms.—(Hear, hear.) In fact,
the law was made by landlords for the
benefit of themselves, and until the Legislature changed
the system there would be no hope of peace and prospe-
rity fur Ireland.—(Hear, hear.)
Sir W. SOMERVILLE said the last speaker had
carefully avoided both the principle and the details of
the Bill. Now it was absolutely necessary, for the
sake of Ireland's prosperity, that they should
take a practical view of this question, and
having given it all the consideration he
could he could arrive at no other conclusion than that
it was his duty to resist the second reading.—(Hear,
hear.) He could not agree with its principle, though he
might be disposed to acquisce in some of its details, and
there was certainly no alternative open to him but to
oppose it. He had taken a part before now in the
endeavours that were being made to settle this question,
and he could assure the House and the country that it
was his anxious desire to see it speedily set at rest. One
of the pricipal obstacles in the way of its settlement
was this—they were endeavouring to do by Act of Par-
liament what could only be accomplished by mutual agree-
ment between the landlord and tenant. This Bill,
like its predecessor, was intended to be retrospective
as wall as prospective, and if it it were carried the
effect would be that it would forcibly annul existing
contracts which were recognised, and could, if necessary,
be enforced by the law.—(Hear.) He, therefore,
deprecated both the introduction of the Bill and the
agitation that was being kept up about it out of doors;
but it was said the Bill met with the universal approba-
tion of the tenantry of Ireland.—(Hear, hear.) It, how-
ever, did not seek to introduce the tenant right of Ulster
into other parts of Ireland, but went upon a compulsory
scheme, elaborated in a long series of clauses that con-
tained matter for a lawsuit almost in every line.
Its definition of right on either side was uncertain and
defective, and if the Bill passed its only effect would be
to give rise to endless disputes between landlord and
tenant, and ultimately to react with tenfold force against
the interest of the tenant.—(Hear, hear.) He therefore
hoped the House would reject the measure, and leave it
for the Government to dispose in future of this difficult
question.—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. REYNOLDS regretted that the five years which
he had devoted to the office of Chief Secretary for Ire-
land had not enabled the Right Honourable Baronet
to make a more practical speech on the subject of this
important Bill. For his part be did not represent an agri-
cultural constituency, but he knew that a large meeting of
the electors of Dublin had been held, and they had unani-
mously agreed to petition Parliament in favour of this Bill.
—(Hear, hear.) The Bill bore the indorsements of two
of the most distinguished Irish lawyers, and yet the
Hon. Member for Donegal could find no other compliment
for it than this—it was a mere piece of waste paper;
but he could assure the House that it was no such thing.
—(Hear, hear.) It was a most valuable measure,
and in spite of the misrepresentation which had
been made about the contents of the Bill he
was convinced the Legislature would think with
him, if they would take the trouble to look carefully into
the matter.—(Hear, hear.) The past history of this
question was written in blood; for no outrage which had
occurred in Ireland during the last hundred years
owed its origin to anything else but disputes about
the tenure of land.—(Hear.) The principle of this Bill
was nothing less than this—it secured compensation to
the outgoing tenant for substantial improvements, and
unless the House was prepared to leave this
question unsettled for ever, they would take care
to pass the Bill.—(Hear, hear.) But it was said the
Right Hon. the;Attorney-General for Ireland was going
to take the matter up, but, then, what security had he
that the Right Hon. Gentleman would not be raised to
the bench before next session? No man desired to see his
elevation more than he did, but in a question of this
momext
oretne
dt o us
fromimportance
the
u ovtehrehrme
eohutgthhtatto
tbiciiesyo mw
oe
ugl
du ahrea n
re-
sponsible eee
sponsible for the introduction of the Right Honourable
Gentleman's measure before they consented to • e up
this Bill.—(Hear, hear.) The state of give
in Ireland was so unsettled that the Bank of
Ireland, which had power to issue seven millions' worth
of paper without having it represented by gold, could
only afford to issue five millions, so dry were the pro-
ductive resources of the country.—(Hear, hear.) This
he believed resulted from the absence of a tenant-right
prevailing all over Ireland ; for, according to the re-
turn of sales in the Incumbered Estates Courts, fewer
sales had proceeded from Ulster, where, there was a
tenant-right, than from any other part of Ireland.
In fact, the majority of the sales proceeded from places
where there was no such thing as tenant•right, and he
thought this was a pretty conclusive proof that that
part of the country was the best off which enjoyed
a tenant-right.—(Hear, hear.) Well, then, ought
not that fact to make them pause before they consented
to throw out this Bill and plunge Ireland into an endless
and painful agitation?--(Hear, hear.)
Lord CLAUDE HAMILTON said the supporters of
this Bill had not a leg to stand on, when argument
and not declamation was brought to bear upon the
question.—(Haar.) The Bill was advocated for no other
but electioneering purposes; and he hoped the House
would not allow itself to be led away by the declamatory
matter which had been inspirited into this discussion.
The most dangerous and revolutionary principles were
involved in the Bill, which would inflict great injustice
upon the poor labourers and cottiers in the country. Ho
candidly confessed that he did not think so un-
constitutional, barbarous, and unjust a measure
emanated from the Hon. Member for Rochdale.
It Wee a mass of inchoate legislation, which would peril
the rights of property and the fruits of industry. The
real author of the Bill was not the Hon. Member, but
the Rev. Mr.Rntherford ries of " Hear, hear.")
It was impossible
real object of
the
to spoliate the rights measureto .disguise the fact that the
was to rob the landlord and
of the cottier and the labourer.
He had watched the unPrincipled agitation of the Tenant
League, who promoted the
Bill, and he declared it to be
only a recipe of the old repeal agitation, the same dema-
gogues and the same tactics for procuring money being
adopted in the one
as in the other.— Divide.
Mr. Rutherford said he )
consistingieinstly
recognised the
right of landlords as
ofland
its wilderness state, and he advised the tenadnsthry iton
combine and strike, observing that if they d
landlords would soon have to enter the poor-house.-the
(Divide.) He invited the House to reject the Bill,
which he characterised as an insult to Ireland.
Mr. NA PIER said, as an independent Member of the
House, he bad devoted his attention for two years to this
important question with the view of producing
a good
landlord and tenant code, which he believed was essen-
tially connected with the well being of Ireland. He had
now three draft Bills prepared—the first consolidating
about 70 old statutes, the second containing a classifica-
tion of leasing powers, and the third with regard to com-
pensation. They were at present under the consideration
of the Government, but it was apparent they could not
be calmly and dispassiaeately discussed during the pre-
sent session. In proposing them he had no intention
whatever of using them for election purposes. It was
his ambition, before he retired from the House, to pass
as perfect and as just a law for regulating the relations
of landlord and tenant as it was possible to devise.
Mr. S. CRAWFORD replied, and the House di-
vided, when there appeared—
For the second reading
Against it ...
Majority
The House then adjourned.

... 57
... 167
~. .- 119

LONDON,

UNIVERSITY OF LONDON.
(THIS DAY.)
A meeting of the University of London was held this
afternoon, at the rooms of the Royal Society, Somerset
House, for the purpose of conferring degrees, honours,
and prizes.

The Earl of Burlington, the Chancellor of the Univer-
sity, took the chair. Among the members of the Senate
present were—the Vice-Chancellor, John G. Shaw Le-
fevre,
Esq,, C,8., M.A., F.R.S.; John Bacot, Esq.;
Archibald Billing, Esq., M.D., A.M., F.R.S.; Profes-
sor Brande, F.R.S.; Sir James Clark, Bart., M.D.,
F.R.S.; Professor Faraday, D.C.L., F.R.S.; George
Grote, Esq., M.A.; Henry Hallam, Esq., M.A., F.R.S.;
Sir Stephen Love Hammick, Bart.; Thomas Hodgkin,
M.D.; J. H. Jerrard, Esq., F.R.S.; F. Kiernan, Esq.,
F.R.S.; John Ridout, Esq.
The proceedings were commenced by the Registrar
reading the report, and the following degrees were then
conferred:—

Henry Hyde Salter, M.D.,Kng's Coll. ; Robert Grrowse,
M.D., Samuel Osborne Habersham, M.D., John Braxton
Hicks, M.D., Guy's Hospital; Arthur Hill Hassall, M.D.,
James Jones, M.D., Royal Coll. Surgeons, Ireland; Wil-
liam Bird Herapath, M.D., Bristol, and London Hospital;
Charles Bland Radcliffe, M.D., Leeds School of Medicine;
Edward Adam Leatham, M.A., University Coll.; Philip
Chapman Barker, M.A., Spring Hill Coll.; Samuel
Bruce, LL.B,, John Gotch Hepburn, LL.B., Hamilton
Charles Palmer, LL.B., Alfred Wills, LL.B., University
Coll. ; Edward Jackson, M. 8., John Russell Reynolds,
M. 8., Henry Thompson, M.B. University Coll.; Lionel
Smith Beale, M. 8., Samuel Griffith, M. 8., Edward Abra-
ham Hancock Head, M. 8., David Henry Monckton, M. 8.,
King's Call.; Richard Hunt, M. 8., William Odling,M.B.,
John Sherwood Stocker, M. 8., Guy's Hospital; Peter
Lodwick Burchell, M. 8., Westminster Hospital; George
Buchanan, 8.A., Wilfrid Samuel Clear, 8.A., Charles
Henry Derby, 8.A., John Wilson Dubourg, 8.A., Ed-
ward Fry, 8.A., William Gurney, 8.A., Richard Child
Heath, 8.A., Robert Kibblo Hervey, 8.A., Thomas
Hodgkin, 8.A., John William Janson, 8.A., Henry
Carte Oats, 8.A., William Roberts, 8.A., John War-
ren, B.A:, University Coll.; John Charles Addyes Scott,
8.A., Manchester (New) Coll.; Aaron Buzacott, 8.A.,
James Rae, 8.A., Cheshunt Coll.; Georgo Frederic
Holley Sykes, 8.A., Lancashire Independent College.
The following prizes were then awarded:—
Robert Growso, M.D., Guy's Hospital—Medal for Com-
mentary.
Alfred Wills, LL.B., University Coll.—Law Scholarship.
John Russell Reynolds, M. 8., University Coll.—Scho-
larship and Medal in Physiology and Comparative
Anatomy.
David Henry Moncktcn, M. 8., King's Coll.—Medal in
Physiology and Comparative Anatomy.
Edward Abraham Hancock Head, M. 8., King's Coll.—
Scholarship and Medal in Surgery.
Henry Thompson, M. 8., University Coll.—Medal in
Surgery.
John Russell Reynolds, M. 8., University Coll.—Soho-
larship and Medal in Medicine.
Henry Thompson, M. 8., University Coll.—Medal in Me-
dicine.
William Gurney, 8.A., University Coll.—Scholarship
in Mathematics.
John Charles Addyes Scott, 8.A., Manchester (New)
and University Colls.—Scholarship in Classics.
William Roberts, 8.A., University Coll.—Prize in Che-
mistry.
William Roberts, B.A.—University Coll.—Prize in
Animal Physiology.
EXAMINATION IN THE TEXT OF THE SCRIPTURES, &C.
Robert William Dale, Spring-hill Coll.—Prize.

M.B. FIRST EXAMINATION.
Thomas Hillier, University Coll.—Exhibition and Medal
in Anatomy and Physiology.
Julius Woldemar de Tunzolmann, University Coll.—
Medal in Anatomy and Physiology.
William Roberts, University Coll.—Exhibition and
Medal in Chemistry.
Josiah Ramskill, Guy's Hospital—Medal in Chemistry.
Josiah Ramskill, Guy's Hospital—Exhibition and Medal
in Materia Medics.
Julius Woldemar de Tanzelmann, University Coll.—
Medal in Materia Medics.
Julius Woldemar de Tanzelmann, University Coll.—
Medal in Botany.
MATRICULATION.

William Horace Smith, King's Coll.—Exhibition in
Mathematics.
Joseph Abbott Temple, King's Coll.—Exhibition In
Classics.
William Price Jones, University Coll.—Prize in Che-
mistry.
Thomas Edward Burton Brown, Guy's Hospital—Prize
in Botany.
This terminated the proceedings.

MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS.
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN

_
THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, MAY 1, 1852.
Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ...*232
Diseases of Uncertain Seat 44
Tubercular Diseases ... 197
Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 105
Diseases of the Heart end Blood-vessels 37
Diseases of the Lunz,s, and other Organs of
Respiration ... 187
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs
of Digestion... ... ... 55
Diseases of the Kidneys, &a •• 0.• •e • 7
Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, Scc. ... 9
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, said Muscles ••• 9
Diseases of the Skin, •Sco. ... 5

Malformations... ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 1
Premature Birth ••• ••• ••• ••• 34
Atrophy ••• ••• ••• ••• ... 25
Old Age ••• ••• 0011 11•• ••• ... 42
Sudden ... ... ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 9
Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intemperance ... 24
Causes not specified ... ••• ••• ••• ••• 4

DEATHS FAO3I ILL CAUSES ... 1,026
Population Deaths in corm- Deaths
Enumerated, sponding week in the
1851. of 1851. Week.
West Districts... 376,427 .. 141 ... 153
North Districts.. 490,396 .. 203 ... 244
Central Districts 393,256 ... 183 ... 161
East Districts ... 485,522 ... 209 ... 181
South Districts .. 616,635 ... 253 ... 267

T0ta15........ 2,362,236 ... 994 ... 1,026
Males •.• .•. ••• ... ••• 524
Females ... ... ••• ... ... 502