The Sun.
London, England, 1864-03-23 00:00:00

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THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MARCH 23, 1864.

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per character of Divine revelation and of the faith.
We know, also venerable brother, that among the
Catholics devoted to the study of the higher sciences
there were some who, reckoning too ranch on the
strength of the human mind, have not allowed them-
selves to be stopped by the fear of encountering
error, and who, while wishing for science a deceit-
fal and scarcely sincere liberty, have been carried
beyond the limits which may not be crossed, at
least to the renouncing of the obedience due to the
Divine authority which the Church has received to
teach, and to preserve intact the who le deposit of
revealedtruth. Whence it has happened that these
Catholics, dupes of unhappy illusions, often find
themselves in agreement with those who declaim
against the decrees of this apostolic see and of our
coegregations, saying that those deerees aro an
obstacle to the free progress of science, and thus
exposing themselves to break the sacred ties of
obedience which, in the order of the Divine will,
ought to attach them to that same apostolic see,
see, instituted by God Himself to be the interpreter
and defender of the truth. We were not ignorant
either that in Germany had prevailed false preju-
dices against the ancient school, and against the
doctrine of the great doctors whom the Universal
Church reveres for their admirable wisdom and the
holiness of their lives. That false opinion has even
attacked the authority of the Church, since it is the
Church herself which, daring so many successive
ages, not only permitted the cultivation of theologi-
cal science according to the method of those doc-
tors, and according to the principles consecrated by
the unanimous accord of all the Catholic schools,
bat has also very often bestowed the greatest praises
upon their theological science, and has strongly re-
commended it as offering the best means of defend-
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its enemies.

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The very important duty of our supreme apostolic
ministry, and special love with which we embrace
all the Catholics of Germany, a very dear part of
the Lord's flock, solicited and drew our mind
towards all these thoughts, when it was preoccu-
pied with so many cares. Moreover, having re-
ceived the intelligence of the projected Congress,
we were anxious that the matters explained above
should be signed to you. When it had been
briefly reported to us that, yielding to the en-
treaties of the authors of that Congress, you had
accorded, venerable brother, authority to hold it that
you had solemnly inaugurated it by the celebration
of the holy mysteries, that:consultations had there
taken place in such a manner as not to deviate it
from the doctrine of the Catholic Church ; when
by the same missive the members of that Congress
implored our apostolic benediction,we yielded with-
out any delay to our pious wishes. However, we
waited with the greatest anxiety your letters, that
we might learn from yourself, venerable brother,
and in the greatest detail, all that could be reported
respecting this Congress. Now that we have re-
ceived from you what we desired so ardently, we
hope that, with God's aid, this assembly, as you as- '
sure us, will be of great service in Germany for the
Catholic Church. Iu fact, all the members of this
Congress, yon write, have proclaimed that the pro-
gress of the sciences, and the means of avoiding and
refuting the very unfortunate errors of our age, en-
tirely depend on an intimate adhesion to the re-
vealed truths taught by the Catholic Church ; they
have recognised and professed this truth, which
true Catholics, devoted to the study and develop-
ment of the sciences, have always kept np and
transmitted. Resting upon this truth, learned men
true Catholics have been able to cultivate the
sciences without peril, to labour in their develop-
ment and to aender them useful and certain. But
this result could not be obtained if, even in the
search of truths which it can obtain by its faculties
and its own strength, the light of human reason,
circumscribed in its limits, did not above all respect
as it ought to do the infallible and unoreated light
of the Divine intell:gence which burns admirably
on every side in the Christian revelation. Although,
in fact, the natural sciences rest upon their own
principles, ascertained by reason, it is necessary
tat Catholics who cultivate them have always
before their eyes Divine revelation, as a star, which
guides them, and whose light aids them in preserv-
ing themselves from dangers and errors when in
their researches and studies they perceive that they
may allow themselves to be led, as very often hap-
pens, to utter words more or less contrary to the in•
fallible truth of things which haNe been revealed
by God. We do not wish to doubt that the members
of the congress, knowing and professing the truth of
what we have reminded them, have at the same time
wished to reject and fully reprobate that recent
and false method of philosophy which, while admit-
ting Divine revelation as an historical fact, sub-
mits to the investigation of human reason ineffable
truths taught by that same revelation, as if these
truths arose from reason, or as it reason, by its own
strength and its natural principles, could acquire
the knowledge and the science of all the super-
natural truths of our holy faith, and of mysteries
which are so much above it, that it can never become
capable of understanding them, or of demonstrating
them by its own forces and in virtue of its natural
principles.
We address eulogies that are deserved to this
assembly, because, rejecting, as we expected it, that
false distinction between philosopher and philosophy
of which we have spoken in our previous letters,
they have recognised and affirmed that all Catholics
in their writings are held in conscience to obey the
dogmatic decrees of the Catholic Church, which is
infallible. In giving them praises which are their
due for having confessed a truth which necessarily
results from the obligation of professing the Catholic
faith, we wish to persuade ourselves that they have
not intended to restrict this duty of submission, by
which Catholic professors and writers are strictly
bound, to the sole points defined by the infallible
judgment of the Church as dogmas of faith which
all ought to believe. And we persuade ourselves
that they have not wished to declare that this per-
fect adhesion to revealed truths which they have
recognised as altogether necessary to the progress of
the sciences and the refutation of errors could be
obtained if faith and obedience were only granted
to the dogmas expressly defined by the Church.
Even when the submission due to the Divine faith
is the only question, they could not restrict it to the
sole points defined by express decrees of oecumenical
councils or Roman pontiffs and of this apostolic see;
it would be necessary further to extend it to all
which is transmitted as divinely revealed by the
ordinary body of instruction of the whole Church
dispersed over the universe, and which, for this
reason, Catholic theologians, with universal and
constant consent, regard as belonging to faith.
But as the question is of the submission which
is due in conscience from all those Catholics
who give themselves to the study of the specu-
lative sciences in order to procure to the
Church new advantages by their writings, the
members of the congress ought to recognise
that it is not sufficient for Catholic sevens to accept
and respect the dogmas of the Church of which we
come to speak, and that they ought also to submit
themselves both to the doctrinal decisions which
emanate from pontifical congregations, and to the
points of doctrine which by common and constant
consent are held in the Church as truths, and as
certain theological conclusions, and that the oppo-
site opinions, although they cannot be qualified as
heretical, merit, nevertheless, some other theological
censure. We do not think that those who took part
in the congress at Munich were able or wished in
any way to contradict the doctrine above stated, a
doctrine which proceeds from true principles, and
which is that of the Church ; we prefer, on the
contrary, to hope that in devoting themselves to the
culture of the most elevated sciences they had at
heart to conform to this doctrine, and to take it for
their guide. That which specially causes our con-
fidence, venerable brother, are the Tetters which
have come to us through you; for we have seen in