The Sun.
London, England, 1852-12-16 00:00:00

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 16, 1852.

THOMAS HOOD'S GRAVE.—At a General
Meeting of the Subscribers to the HOOD MEMOItIAL. held
Dec. 2d. at the Whittington Club. it was resolved that the Subscrip-
tion List be CLOSED on the Ist of February, 1853, and
Miss ELIZA COOK,
Ma. MUIIDO YOUNG, and

NR. JOHN WATKINS,
were appointed Trustees to the Fund.
The amounts subscribed are depo.,itod at interest In the London
and C(lnmercial Bank.
Contribations are received by Mr. William Strudwicke, at the
Whittington Club, Strand ; by Miss Eliza Cook, Treasurer, 54,
Great Ormonde-str, ct, Bloomsbury; and by Mr. John Watkins,
Hon. Sec., 34, Parliament-strest.

Among the subscribers are the following :
His Grace the Duke of Devonshire, ........£25£25 0
The Right Hon. Lord John Russell, M.P. 5 0 0
The Right Hon. B. Disraeli, M.P . 50 0
The Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay, M.P........• 5 0 0
Sir William Frazer, Bart .••• • • • 60 0
James Harmer, Esq.... ••••• • • • • •
John Macgregor, Esq., M.P ••••• • • • • • ........ 5 0 0
Arnold Rogers, Esq. .. ...... •• • ........ 5 5 0
Mrs. Robert Elliot ... ••• • • • ..... . 5 0 0
Richard Dawson, Esq., M.D..... ••• • .• ........ 5 0 0
George Peabody, E5q........ •• .• •.• 5 0
Edward Moorman, Esq. •••• • • • • 50 0
David Salomons, Esq.. ••.. • • • • 55 0
Messrs Spalding and Hodge... ••••••• • • • • • •• 5 "
Miss Eliza Cook ...............•.•.......•..•• 5 0 0
Miss Cushman.... • ... ••.•••••• • • • • • • • 5 0 0
Proceeds of an " Evening with Hood " at the
Whittington Club... • • ..... 8 8 0
Murdo Young, Esq., and family ...... •• • ...... 4 4 0
Samuel Rogers, E5q.............• ........ 3 0 0
C. W. Mike, Esq... •• •• .... 3 3 0
Charles Lushington, E5q...... • • ....... ..... .. 3 0 0
Elias Davis, Esq..• •••••••••• • • • • • • • '• •• '• 3 3
The Right Hon. the Earl of Ellesmere • • 2 0 0
Sir James Duke. Bart., . .... 2 2 0
R. Monckton Milnes, Esq., ••. • . • .... • ... 2 • 2 0 0
B. W. Procter, Esq., (Barry Cornwall) •• • . 2 2 0
Douglas Jerrold, Esq.... •.......•
T. K. Hervey, Esq. ••.• • • • ..... .. 2 2 0
Rowland Hill, Esq., General Post-office ••••• • .. 2 2 0
C. Mackay, Esq., LL.D. ...................... 2 2 0
C. W. Dilke, jun., E5q.............. •• ~...... 2 2 0
Edward Moxon, E5q.......... •• • • 2 2 0
James Coppock, E5q..... • .
Rev. Thos. Wilkinson, Durham •..•• .. • • .... . 2 2 0
Jas. Wyld, Esq., and family .... •.• • • • 2 0 0
Mrs. Theodore Martin (Miss Helen Faucit) 2 2 0
A few Young Men at Simpkin and Marshall's— 1 5 6
Nine half crowns from Manchester .. 1 2 6
The Right Hon. the Earl of Carlisle •• • • .... 1 1 0
The Right Hon. the Earl of St. Germans •• • • 1 1 0
The Right Hon. Lord Brougham• •..•• • • . 1 0 0
The Right Hon. Lord Dudley Stuart, M.P: . 1 1 0
The Hon. and Rev. S. G. Osborne...• • ..• • ..... 1 0 0
Alfred Tennyson, Esq. (Poet Laureate)......... 1 1 0
Lady Sandys —••••••••••• 1 1 0
W. M. Thackeray, Esq.-- .......
Charles Swain, Esq, .......... ......... 1 0 0
W. C. Macready, E•q... • •
J. Westland Marston, Esq ... ••• • . 1 1 0
Albert Smith, Esq. ......... ...... ...... • .... 1 1 0
Lady Morgan.. ........... ..... . ..... 1 1 0
W. CM. Kent, Esq. ......... • • ............. 1 1 0
Alfred Crowquill, Esq. ......
William Jordan, Esq.. ....
Hepworth Dixon, E5q........ • ........ ..... • • 1 1 0
Charles Gavan Duffy, Esq., M.P... • .. •• .. 1 0 0
R. Swift, Esq., M.P.. .. • .... • • 1 1 0
James Macgregor, Esq., M.P....
B. Oliveira, Esq., M.P.. •
W. S. Fox, Esq.. M.P ............... •
Sir JohnKerle Haberfield, Knt.. Bristol •• .• 1 1 0
Mrs Milner Gibson .................. ..... 1 0 0
Thomas Creswick, Esq. • •
J. B. Buckstone, E5q......
Mrs. Fitzwilliam •• • 1 1 0
Rev. Felix Palmer, Frierning .... ••.. • ....... 1 1 0
Horace Mayhew, E5q...... • • ........ ...... 1 1 0
C. Cowden Clarke, E5q..... •••• .. • • .......... 1 0 0
Dr. Robert Elliot, Stratford ••••• • • • • • ........ 1 1 0
Elocution Class, Walworth Literary Institution .. 1 1 0
Rev. J. C. Collins ..
Eight half crowns from Preston.... • •
In pence from Bideford 0 18 8
In pence from Bristol.• •••• • • • • 0 i 2 6
Miss Mitford 0 10 6
W. C. Bennett, Esq. •• . . •••.. . • .. 010 0
L• Blanchard. 0 10 6
A few Poor Neediewomen......... .
In other sums „ 182 19 0

£3BO 4 $

Future subscriptions will be announced in The Times and other
papers. Every subscriber's name will appear in Eliza Cook's Jour-
nal. JOHN WATKINS, Hon. Sec.

MERCHANT'S and TRADESMAN'S
MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY
5, Chatham-place, Blackfrlars, London.
TRUSTEES. -

Thomas How, Esq.

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Assurances of every description effected.

Non-fbrfelture of Policies.

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No. of Age Annual Sum Bonus Amount
Prems. when now
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paid. Assured. Assured.
£s. d. £ £s. d. £s. d.
5 50 45 19 2 1000 94 13 0 1094 13 0
4 40 32 19 2 1000 65 0 0 1065 0 0
3 30 24 15 0 1000 43 14 5 1043 14 5

GEORGE THOMSON, Manager.
THOS. MUSGRAVE, Secretary.

ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF MARRIAGE, AND THE SECRET
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37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
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IMPORTANT MEDICAL AND SURGICAL WORKS,
Just published, by H. BaLlliere, 219, Regent-street, London,
No I. _ _

avo.. in cloth. price 14. by post free. sa. 6d..
ON TRUE & FALSE SPERMATORRHCEA,
with the View to the Correction of wide-spread Errors
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Translated from the German of Dr. PICKFORD.
"Dr. Pickford is known to English readers by his frequent practi-
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- -
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FRAGMENTS FROM THE FOUNTAINS. Two Vole.
Vol. I.
VISIT TO THE LAKES; SKETCH OF EDINBURGH, &c.
Vol.
THE LAKES OF KILLARNEY ; REMINISCENCES OF
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111.
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'•What passions hurt the body—what improvs;
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THE MARRIAGE STATE.
"To be or not to be, that is the question."
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ilgure, tot aecuro healthy offspring, with the art of rearing them.
Physical defectiveness and its removal. Sterility and its conversion.
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By R. 3. CULVERNSTELL, M.D. (1841),
M.R.C.S. (1827), L.S.A.
(1824). Twenty-five years Medical and Forensic Referee in these
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IALLE ROBIN, 232, Piccadilly, opposite the
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THE BUDGET.-SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC
JOURNALS.

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
TlMES.—After a debate of three nights, the
House of Commons has bethought itself of inquir-
ing seriously what is the precise issue upon which,
when the torrent of eloquence is fairly exhausted,
it is to divide. The formula of words in which

that question is contained is even yet hardly de-
cided upon, for before the rising of the House of
Commons on Tuesday night, Lord John Russell
expressly reserved to himself the power of deciding
whether it should be upon the first, or upon the
second, or the third paragraphs of Mr. Dis-
raeli's motion, that the division should be taken.
Having carefully considered this subject, and ar-
rived at a conclusion which appears to us satisfac-
tory, we think we should be doing good service to
gentlemen of all parties in the House of Commons
by pointing out to them as clearly as we can what
is the issue they have to decide, and by which reso-
lution it will be most properly raised. We are only
too happy to discharge the office of a judicious
" bottleholder" on this occasion, and thus proba-
bly add an hour or two to the night's rest of weary
senators, which is otherwise only too likely to be
spent in the efforts of rival parties to overreach
each other by verbal, subtleties. The following is
an abridgement of the first proposition :—" That
after the sth day of April, the duties on houses in
Great Britain, made payable by the 14th and 15th
of Victoria, chap. 36, according to their annual
value, shall: cease, and, in lieu thereof, there
shall be made payable on such houses the
following duties." The second imposes a
duty of one shilling on a certain class of
houses worth ten pounds or upwards ; and
the third a duty of eighteenpence on another class.
Now, on which of these resolutions ought the
division to be taken ? There is a difficulty in the
construction of the first, arising from the use of
the words " such houses," which might seem,
on a strict and technical construction, to imply
that the houses spoken of were only those men-
tioned in the act of Parliament, and consequently
that the first resolution only pledged the house
to the increase of the duty, and not to the ex-
tension of the area of the tax. Mere verbal criti-
cism might suggest this ; but in no case would
mere verbal criticism be more misapplied. We
cannot comprehend the sophistry of those who
would represent a distinct resolution on a specific
question as a mere abstract declaration of approval
of the principles of the budget, of confidence in the
Ministry, or of anything else but that which it
really declares. Taking this resolution in connec-
tion with what follows, we think that its fair con-
struction was given to it last night by Mr. Disraeli,
and that it affirms two things,—first, that the
house is willing to increase the taxation on in-
habited houses ; and secondly, that it is willing
to extend the area of that taxation from houses
rented at twenty pounds to houses rented at
ten. We cannot conceive that those who, like
the Opposition, are opposed to both these pro-
positions, can creditably or consistently pass
them by in order to take a narrower issue
on their detailed application. The first reso-
lution affirms two principles, and those prin-
ciples, if disputed, ought not to be conceded—if
conceded, ought to be carried out. We therefore
think that the division ought to be taken on the
first resolution ;—that it fairly raises the issue be-
tween the parties, and that by it the question of the
Ministerial policy on the house tax, and therefore
on the budget, will be properly decided. Those
who are against both propositions, the increase of
the house tax and the extension of its area, will of
course vote against the resolution. Those who are
in favour of both propositions will of course vote for
it ; those who are in favour of one and against the
other have the choice between approving something
they dislike or rejecting something they approve—
a misfortune which unavoidably results from coup-
ling together two independent propositions in the
same resolution—and will vote for or against the
two, according as they attribute more or less
weight to the one proposition or to the other.
Having done what we can to clear up this vexed
question, we may remark that upon the decision ar-
rived at on this resolution really depends the fate of
the budget in its present form. The poverty of ways
and means is such as to admit of no further reduc-
tion. The Kafir war has woke up again, as if for no
other purpose than to devour two hundred and fifty
thousand pounds of Mr. Disraeli's surplus. The an-
ticipated loss from refining sugar in bond has not
been explained, and it seems therefore very proba-
ble that the West India interest will swallow two
hundred thousand po rinds more. No answer has been
given, though three Cabinet Ministers have spoken,
to the forcible objections against the appropriation
to the annual service of the principal or the profits
of the Exchequer loan, nor to Mr. Goulburn 's es-
timate of a larger deficit on the malt tax. Under
these circumstances, Mr. Disraeli will require both
the double amount and the extended area of the
house duty,
and should rather be .thinking of find-
ing fresh ways and means than throwing out hints
of diminishing those he has proposed. We ought,
however, to state these difficulties with diffidence,
because the debate has been hitherto really all on
one side. Sir John Pakington has protested
against, denied, disowned, disclaimed, denounced,
ad condemned every argument brought forward
by the Opposition ; but has answered none. He
has protested too much, and reasoned too little.
Mr. Walpole has snapped up various admissions
which nobody oontagt4 laid down several principles
which nobody admits, and quoted many statistics
which nobody cares about. The only part of his
speech, however, which drew much attention from
the house was an exaggerated and fulsome eulogium
of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, which he had
the singular infelicity to conclude by quoting as
the greatest hap
piness of Mr. Disraeli, and the
highest aim of human life, those very pursuits
which Lucretius alluded to as constituting the
folly and misery of our mortal career. Mr. Wal-
pole favoured us with a translation of this un-
happy quotation—genius Contending with rank ;
but if contendere nobilitate was meant as a
playful allusion to Mr. Disraeli's contentions
with the nobility within the Cabinet and the
landed aristocracy without it, Mr. Walpole should
not have spoilt the appositeness of his quotation by
coupling it with certare ingenio. With the nobil-
ity, undoubtedly, Mr. Disraeli has often contended,
and never more, we suspect, than in that series of
Cabinet Councils which led to the proposed repeal
of one-half of the malt tax; but with genius, with
wit, with talent, he had not to contend. He has
had to contend with the nobility, with dogged pre-
judice, imperviousignorance, and oracular stolidity;
but not with genius, only with rank. It is his
misfortune to associate with men whom he cannot
even trust to praise him, and therefore till his re-
ply comes we shall not know what is to be said in
favour of the financial scheme, or what answers can
be given to the harsh and dogmatical criticisms of
Sir Charles Wood, the experience and authority of
Mr. Goulburn, or the masterly argumentation of
Sir James Graham, seeking to protect agriculture
from its friends. But the worst of it is, that al-
though the speaking power of the Government is
quite exhausted, the Opposition has still several
formidable champions in reserve. If Parliamentary
discussion be a good thing, we ought to be provided
with a Government containing at least two men
of talent ; for Hercules himself must yield to odds;
and it is rather hard to expect a single champion
to keep at bay the united leaders of two politi-
cal parties, carrying into the contest twice the abil-
ity and experience that is necessary to constitute an
ordinary Government. Surely the originators of
this policy ought to defend it, and not, after hav-
ing involved their only leader and supporter in in-

extricable difficulties, to leave him to contend alone
with the perils and obstacles they have created.
The rash and foolish leader who forced his colleague
into the battle of Cannes saved himself from
destruction, and left his colleague to expiate the
consequence of his own errors.
HERALD.—The vote which will be taken this
evening, and which may probably be supposed to
decide the fate of the budget as a whole, will be
taken under circumstances which have likely never
occurred before. - A great coalition of Whigs, Peel-
ites, Cobdenites, Scotch Radicals, and the Irish
Brigade is to be brought to bear upon the Ministry,
in order, if possible, to reject the budget, and de-
feat the Government. And yet there is scarcely a
single leader of that coalition who has not explicitly
declared his entire approval of some points in that
same financial plan.- In fact, the best eulogium we
could frame for the budget and its author would be
composed of those separate opinions of Whigs,
Radicals, and Peelites, which have been expressed
in the debate which is now concluding. Eight or
nine of these testimonies we will now quote, pre-
mising that the speakers are all opposed to the pre-
sent Government.

Sir Charles Wood said, " I approve of the right
hon. gentleman's proposition with regard to the
tea duty. I think he is right in dealing with the
tea duty, and in the mode in which he proposes t o
deal with it." " I have never swerved from my
opinion that the house tax is a good tax." "I do
not object to the extension of the house tax."
Mr. Cobden said, " With respect to the modifi-
cations of the income tax, I think that this part of
the budget reflects great credit on the Chancellor
of the Exchequer. I give the Government full
credit for this alteration."

Mr. Osborne said, " He was willing to give credit
to the Chancellor of the Exchequer for two main
points in his budget. He felt that ho was entitled
to credit, in the first place, for the relief he had
afforded to the shipping interest. He likewise
thought that the right hon. gentleman had taken a
sagacious and statesmanlike view with regard to
the tea duties."
Mr. Hume said, " The right hon. gentleman
deserved the thanks of the country for the man-
ner in which he had dealt with the grievances
affecting the shipping interest." "He thought it
a bold step for a Chancellor of the Exchequer to
take, to establish a distinction between fixed
and precarious incomes." " But he was .con-
&lent that the right hon. gentleman met the com-
mon sense of the whole community ; and that this
distinction must obtain and become established."

Sir James Graham said, " I think the arrange-
ment with reference to the shipping interest is an
arrangement perfectly justified, and it meets my
entire approbation."
Mr. Monckton Milnes said, " The question of
the tea duty rested on an entirely different prin-
ciple. He considered the remission proposed
most reasonable and prudent, and was prepared to
give it his support. He believed that in recognis-
ing the distinction between fixed incomes and in-
comes derived from trades and professions, the Go-
vernment had not only accepted what the common
sense of the country declared to be the truth, but
that they had acted according to a very reasonable
and feasible system of taxation."
Mr. H. H. Vivian said that "he thought that
many important benefits would be gained by the
propositions of the right hon. gentleman, and that
he had made some steps in the right direction."

Mr. Alcock (East Surrey) said that " the
country owed a debt of gratitude to the Chancellor
of the Exchequer for having been bold and honest
enough to propose a diminution of the malt tax."
Mr. W. Williams (Lambeth) said, "He must
express his thanks to the right hon. gentleman for
declaring his intention of causing all moneys to be
paid into the Exchequer, and also to introduce an
improved administration of the public offices • and.
he hoped that the right hon. gentleman would re-
main in office long enough to carry out those
objects."

We might largely increase this list of testimonies
were we to turn over former debttes, and were we
to cite also the praises of the Whig and Free-trade
press. And what can present a stranger spectacle
than to see 250 or 260 gentlemen, of the most op-
posite views on all conceivable questions, banded
together to defeat as a whole a fitlancial scheme,
every part of which has been laud6xl by some of
their own body ! The plain truth is, that the ag-
Igregate vote of these gentlemen, intended, if pos-
sible, to overthrow the Government, is pre-emi-
nently a factious vote. Had the plan of Mr.
Disraeli combined every excellence that statesmen
and financiers ever imagined the result would pro-
bably be the same—parts would be praised, the
whole would be, if possible, rejected. Men who
can act in this manner should be dealt with in a
way which is level to their feelings and under-
standings. The probable consequences of the
course they are taking, if successful, should be ex-
plained to them. For, in truth, there are those
among them who, if they perceived the political
extinction to which they are hastening, would yet
pause and draw back. We take for granted that
as the real nature of the vote to which the House
of Commons will come is still unknown—the
Cabinet cannot have deliberated upon it—cannot
have adopted any resolution. Still, Lord Derby's
most recent language in the House of Lords plainly
alluded to a defeat as a possible event ; and to a
retirement of the Ministry from power, as a conse-
quence of such defeat. Now, the class of persons
who must feel the deepest interest in this matter
are, not the noble earl and his colleagues, nor the
Whig or Radical leaders. All these have only
something at stake. But there are about 100
members of the House of Commons who have
everything to lose. The persons of whom we speak
are those who have with great pains and trouble
gained a seat in that house, but whose re-appear-
ance there after another election is a matter of
great uncertainty. The reason why these are the
persons most interested in the issue of the present
contest is so plain as scarcely to need explanation. The
first but most inevitable result of a change of Govern-
ment would be another dissolution. If the present
Ministry cannot get on with the recently-elected
House of Commons, still less hope is there that any
other Ministry can transact the public business in
that assembly. The present Government can
reckon more than three hundred supporters in that
house ; but no other party could find so many as
two hundred, unless by a coalition, sacrificing prin-
ciples on both sides, and certain of a speedy disrup-
tion. The only chance, therefore, of any new Mi-
nistry would be to dissolve as soon as possible, and
to strive very earnestly to gain, if possible, some 40
or 50 votes by the new election. Now this prospect
should be gently, but faithfully, suggested to the
House of Commons itself. Such a renewal of the
strifes of August last, would be hurtful to the
country itself. But, to at least 100 of the present
members, it would be political annihilation.
_ _

HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK.—The official
report says : In last week's report it was shown that
the mortality rose to 1,042 ; from the returns for the
week that ended last Saturday it appears that the deaths
remained at nearly the same amount, having been 1,012.
In the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1842-51 the
average number was 1,210, which, if raised in propor-
tion Co the increase of population, gives a mortality for
the present time of 1,331. Compared with this estimated
amount, the deaths actually registered last week exhibit
a satisfactory reduction ; but it will be borne in mind
that the average of the ten years is increased by in-
fluenza, which in the corresponding week of 1847 was
fatal to 2,416 persons. In the last four weeks the total
number of deaths returned have undergone considerable
variation, these having been 922, 947, 1,042, and 1,012;
but under the two principal heads, namely " zymotic
diseases" and "diseases of the respiratory organs," the rate
of mortality has been remarkably uniform ; zymotic ; of
epidemic diseases in the aggregate produced in the seve-
ral weeks 184,207, 210, and 212 deaths, while those of
the organs of respiration (exclusive of phthisis) caused
167,172, 171, and 171 fatal, cases. During the same
periods hooping-cough alone of the diseases in the for-
mer class shows a steady disposition to increase, though
it has not yet become fatal to any considerable extent ;
the numbers referred to it were 17, 20, 24, 34. In the
same times scarlatina was fatal to 59, 72, 59, and 62
persons ; typhus to 50, 37, 47, and 55. The mortality
from small pox continues low, and last week it was fatal
in only two cases. Five persons died last week of in-
fluenza. Last week the births of 810 boys and 769 girls,
in all 1,579 children were registered in London. In the
seven corresponding weeks of the years 1845-51 the
I average number was 1,371. At the Royal Observatory,
Greenwich, the mean height of the barometer in the
week was 29.520 in. The mean temperature of the week
was 49.3 degs., which is 7.2 degs. above the average of
the same week in ten years, and also 7 degrees higher
than the temperature of the previous week. The mean
daily temperature was above the average on every day
of the week, and this excess on Sunday, Friday, and
Saturday amounted to 10 and 11 degrees. The wind
blew daily from the south-west. .
" MURDER WILL OUT."—Three men have been
arrested by the police on suspicion of being concerned in
the murder near Mullinahone. The poor victim, in his
struggles with his merciless assailants, tore a piece of cloth
out of the coat of one of the party, and retained it in his
grasp when the body was discovered. This piece of evi-
dence was taken by the police as a guide in their search,
and finally led to the arrest of the three prisoners.

[PRICE SD.

MR. CHRISTOPHER AND HIS CONSTITUENTS.

The following extraordinary letter has been pub-
;hed in a Lincolnshire paper :

"TO THE ELECTORS OF LINDSEY.

" G-entlemen,—Two advertisements appeared in the
last number of the Stamford Mercury, one bearing the
signature of R. B. Christopher,' the other that of
Montague J. Cholmeley.' The former of these being
an impudent forgery, I pass it by without further com-
ment.

"The latter proceeds from a person who, although re-
jected by you (from his inattention to business and
general incapacity) at the last election, still aspires to
the distinction of representing you in Parliament, and
on that account only do I consider it deserving of
notice.

"The writer commences his letter by a wilful perver-
sion of facts, and draws inferences prejudicial to my poli-
tical integrity and personal honour.

" He slate's that .on my assumption of office my reason
for doing so was my conviction that the Government was
prepared to reverse the whole financial and commercial
policy of the country. He adds, "How often this was
repeated in Mr. Christopher's canvass you well know."
He further states that I uplifted the banner of Protec-
tion at Wainfleet on a late occasion ; and insinuates that
my votes in Parliament have not been in accordance
with my declarations.

"Now, gentlemen, I can safely appeal to you whether
these insinuations of Sir Montague Cholmeley be the
offspring of a distempered imagination, or of a mind in-
capable of discerning the truth—whether they are not at
variance with the tenour of every one of the numerous
addresses I delivered during the last contest. Many of
these addresses are in print, and I defy even the most
prejudiced, if he will refer to them in =tens°' and not to
garbled extracts, to arrive at any other conclusion than
the reverse of the inferences which Sir Montague's slan-
derous insinuations are calculated to convey.
"On my assumption of office I declared that it was
the desire of the Government to reverse the system of
financial and commercial policy which, in my opinion,
had proved injurious to the interests of native industry
and capital ; and I stated, in language too clear to be
misunderstood, that, whatever might be the desire of
the Government, the question would be settled by the
constituencies of the United Kingdom, and that it would
be in vain for Lord Derby or any Minister to oppose
himself to the deliberate judgment of the people, consti-
tutionally expressed through their representatives in the
House of Commons. I placed before you two courses,
either of which the Government might consistently
adopt— the one a Protectionist policy, involving the im-
position of customs duties, if a Protectionist Parliament
were returned'; the other, a readjustment of taxation, if
a Free-trade arliament were elected.

'The complexion of the Parliament rendered the for-
mer of these courses impossible. The Government have
been compelled to adopt the latter, and have presented
to the House of Commons a financial scheme which,
although there is only a surplus revenue of 1,300,0001.,
will relieve the agricultural interest of a vexatious im-
post to the amount of 2,500,000/.
So far from uplifting the banner of Protection at
Wainfleet on the 13th of November last, I can appeal to
all who were present whether such an assertion is not
the reverse of the truth.
" Sir Montague expresses his surprise that I still re-
tain office. I can without vanity affirm that my personal
honour rests on a more solid foundation than the caprice
of Sir Montague Cholmeley. I shall retain office as long
as I can strengthen Lord Derby's Conservative Adminis-
tration. I am ready to relinquish it at a moment's
notice for the same object; but, inasmuch as I value our
monarchical institutions, I will not relinquish office to
gratify the petty pique of Sir Montague Cholmeley or
his Radical associates.
"Gentlemen, I havdthe honour to be,
" Your very faithful servant,
"R. A. CHRISTOPHER.

' London, Dec. 6."

AN AFFECTING SCENE IN COURT.

(From Jerdan.'s Autobiography.)

I have elsewhere given one of my yet regretted com-
rade, William Pollock's, amusing tales, and I will take
leave not to dismiss this volume without (as well as I
can) repeating another of a more affecting nature, and
which to hear him tell would beguile even the careless
and callous of their tears. In his clerkship he was tra-
velling to Winchester Assizes, and made acquaintance
with two young men, officers in the army, who were
going to surrender and take their trial on a charge aris-
ing out of a duel in which they had been seconds. One
of the principals was killed, and the survivor, Captain
Sooper, was also to be tried. It was understood at that
time (a year or two before 1817, when William died),
that the attention of the judges had been called to the
frequency of duelling, and the Government were deter-
mined to make an example, in order to put a stop to this
prevailing evil. The seconds surrendered. Captain
Sooper was already in custody. The grand jury threw
out the bill against the seconds altogether, and did not
put them on their trial even for manslaughter ; but they
found a true bill against Sooper for murder. At the trial
the case was fully proved, that is, that Sooper and his
antagonist met in the field of honour, so called, and the
result was the death of Sooper's opponent. Justice
Dampier presided, and laid down the law with more than
usual firmness and severity. Sooper listened to his
charge with great interest and anxiety. He was a married
man with a family of children. He had watched the
earlier proceedings with some indifference. He knew the
grand jury had thrown out the bill against the seconds,
and, in his own case, he expected the common result,
either a verdict of acquittal, or, at most, of manslaughter,
followed by a short imprisonment. But the tone of the
judge's summing up roused him from his dream. He
fully understood the import of every word that fell from
the banch, and he listened with increasing alarm. Some-
times there was even a slight movement in his face, as
of a spasm ; but in all other respects he maintained his
perfect composure.
At length the jury were dismissed to consider their
verdict, and were absent about half-an-hour, a delay
which led to the hope of a favourable result. Their
names were called over, there was the deepest silence,
every one in the court was interested, and the verdict was
waited for with breathless expectation. It was pro-
nounced, " Guilty of Murder ! " and the moment
Sooper heard it he fell down as if shot with a mortal
wound, and, amid the profoundest silence of the audi-
ence, uttered one loud, long groan. It occupied several
minutes to restore the prisoner , but, in a short time,
he was sufficiently recovered to receive the sentence of
the court, and was called upon in the usual form to say,
" Why sentence of death should not be passed upon
him according to law ? " He began by apologising for
the interruption he had given to the business of the
court, which he said he hoped would not be im-
puted to the fear of death, which he had faced un-
moved in the field of battle, and the more fatal
climate of the West Indies. But, he had a wife
and children, to whom he had trusted to bequeath his
only fortune, the unstained character of a soldier and a
man of honour ; but now he was to die the death of a
felon, and to leave to his children the infamy of a mur-
derer. -

He then adverted to the circumstance of the duel,
which had come out in part during the trial, that his
adversary was the aggressor, and had publicly offered
him an insult which he dared not overlook; that he had
been willing to accept any apology, but could get none ;
that he had no alternative but to send a challenge or
lose his commission ; that it was well known, he averred
to every one acquainted with the army, that if he had
not sent a challenge to vindicate his honour, and the
honour of the service, the next post would have brought
an intimation from the Horse Guards that the King had
no furthor occasion for his services; and he pointed out
strongly the strange contrast between the practice of
the army, not only authorised and encouraged, but ex-
pected and exacted by the highest powers, and the stern
sentence of the law with reference to the same transac-
tion. He spoke of the deceased with affection and re-
gret, and declared that nothing but a sense of what he
owed his profession would have led him to send the chal-
lenge ; and he bitterly lamented that a false idea of
honour had precluded a friend, whom he esteemed, from
yielding the apology which would have prevented the
result he now deplored.
_ .

This is but a faint outline of Captain Sooper's ad-
dress, and, ever so feelingly repeated, nothing equal in
effect to the manner in which my dear informant de-
scribed it, as delivered with a firm voice, and in a manly
style of speaking to an audience, which was moved be-
yond all example. Scarcely a dry eye was seen, and in
many parts of the crowded court sobs proclaimed the
deep sympathy excited. The judge was taken quite by
surprise. He was an able and a good man, and full of
the kindest feelings. He listened attentively, and was
obviously much interested. Soon lie stooped forward,
and leaning on his elbow, resting his chin upon one hand
clenched ; presently he added the other, clenching both
hands, apparently to control his emotions. At length
tears started from his eyes and rolled down his fine
manly face. He raised his head, unclenched his hands,
and covered his face, still leaning on his elbows, and
thus awaited the end of Captain Sooper's appeal. At
the conclusion, lie omitted all comment on the offence,
and made no remark of any sort, but simply said, "The
sentence of the law is that you," &c. But, whilst the
judge was moved, and his face covered with his hands,
as I have stated, during Captain Sooper's address, when
the prisoner, after alluding to the necessity of his posi-
tion and his sorrow, said, "And for this I am to be led
to execution like the vilest feion and murderer," Dam-
pier, overpowered by the appeal, said to himself, but
loud enough to be overheard by the High Sheriff, who
sat close by, " I'll be -if you shall !" Yet I be-
lieve he had some difficulty in procuring a remission of
the sentence ; but it was understood, at that time, that
no capital punishment was ever inflicted against. the
opinion of the presiding judge. Dampier was firm, and
Sooper was ultimately pardoned !

The United States mail steamer Pacific, Captain
Nye, commander, left Liverpool yesterday shortly before
noon, with the mails for both the United States and
Canada, and about 64 passengers. Great dispatch has been
used in getting the Pacific ready for sea, as she only arrived
from New York on Saturday morning.