The Sun.
London, England, 1852-05-25 00:00:00

your iticreasal prosperity.—(Hear, hear.) I believe, my
Lords, that I am correct in saying that with all the prospe-
rity tithe country now—with all that diminution of the price
f food, and with the consequent diminution of the relief re-
quired for those paupers, your expenses in the present year
for the maintenance of the poor will exceed in money amount
that which was required for the years 1845 and 1816.
( Hear.) Newel will not take the exceptionable year of 1818.
I will net admit that the increase of your prosperity was
owing to free trade, nor will I admit that since 1848 the
amount of pauperism has been gradually diminishing. I see
in thereturn that has been put into my hands when I entered
the House this evening that there is a large sum required for
increasing workheuses' accommodation—for building new
workhousesand increasing the size of the old ones. Now, that
fact does not look like a symptom of increasing prosperity. But
even admitting, for the sake of argument, that pauperism
has diminished, is it, I ask, a proof of prosperity, when we
know that the bone and sinew of the country is emigrating
by hundreds of thousands to seek for better means of employ-
ment elsewhere?—(Hear, hear.) Has this system of emi-
gration that has been going on for the last few years no effect
on the pauperism of the country ? We are told that there
has been a reduction in the present year of 17,000 paupers in
England. Now, at the expense of the different parishes
alone, there has been 2,000 emigrants from England in the
course of the present year. And that fact takes no account
of the amount of voluntary emigration, which from England
and Ireland together amounted in the course of last year to
500,000 or 600,000. Why, the poorer classes have been emi-
grating from the country`bq wholesale.
Earl GREY—The number is 335,000.
The Earl of DERBY—I perceive that the Noble Earl is
right in saying so. I find it difficult to ascertain exactly
what the precise amount of the Irish emigration is, because
there is included in the returns, from Liverpool for instance,
a large number of the Irish, which is set down as Englre
emigration. But 335,003 of the poorest classes leaving
country in one wear, it naturally follows that there has been
such a diminution of the people of these dominions, caused
by emigration and famine, as it is awful to contemplate.
deny, therefofe, that it is owing to tree trade at all that
there should be such a diminution in the total amount of
pauperism in this country. I did not intend to be taken
into any discussion upon the general condition of the coun-
try as estimated by the amount of pauperism in it. All I
desire to say is this. While 'I do not deny that certain
classes have largely
gained by huyavtengealcnterdodcuoncstiiodneroafbflyrebeytrtandee
—while I believe that
greater cheapness of some of the articles of consumption im-
ported—l believe that,- in regard to the same operation of
that system, that this good is not an unmitigated
good, but that it has pressed heavily upon a
large portion of the community, and upon your
colonial countrymen with a severe and oppressive burden.
Noble Lords opposite have asked what is the policy which
the present Government intend to pursue? Do they intend
to reverse the policy of the late Sir R. Peel, or not? Now,
I have already stated, I think, Very distinctly—perhaps
more distinctiry than discreet—that I had no intention to
reverse the policy of the late Sir R. Peel, understanding
by that the 'policy -which prevailed from 1842 to the period
of 1846. FlaVe no design to reverse the policy of the late
Sir R. Peel, 'as evinced in 1846 by the reduction of duties
upon importation' of foreign corn. I should desire—and I
concur with my Right Honourable Friend the Chancellor of
the Ezchequer in the belief—that a moderate duty on the
importation of foreign corn would not- cause any appreciable
amount of increase= to the consumer, and yet would he for the
country at large the cheapest and the most effectual mode of
givingrelief to the classes that are suffering in Consequence
of the abolition of such duty.—(Hear, hear). "I repeat
again that the
.question whether that alternative shall be
adopted is one upon which the country must decide. I
am glad to give such satisfaction to the Noble Lords oppo-
site by what they call an important declaration made by
me, which was neither more nor less than to say in my be-
lief that, the'result of the approaching election will not be
such SeViill enable me, to propose the re-imposition of a duty
upon foireign corn—that it will not give me such a majority
without which Ilene previously declared I would not pro-
pose the tepeal of the present law. When the Noble Mar-
quis opposite says that I have abandoned all wish or inten-
tion to make such a proposition, I must take the liberty of
saying that the Noble Marquis has gone one step too fare—
(Hear, hear.) I have said that I will not submit the pro-
position without a fair majority. I have intimated that we
are not- likely to have such a meierity, as far as I can
judge from 'present appearances. But if the sense of the
people be different from
,what I anticipate, then I hold
to my former opinion, namely, that there is no ether
mode in ' dealine with the-finances of the country
so advantageous for providing for the exigencies of the
country as that which I have so often enunciated.
Btft, my Lords, the Noble Earl 8,-11 (addressing me), " Hai-.
?lung atAndened all idei of at any time re-imposingla duty on
corn, will you not go a step further, and declare you will
do nothing Whatever for the purpose of what some Noble
Lords please to call 'tampering ' with the existing system ? "
Now, my 'Artie, if the Noble Earl means to ask me whether,
as Minister=if I am unable to afford relief to the suffering
agricialtutal interest one way (in the way in which I be-
lieve it can be most advantageously afforded), I can, there-
fore
propose to abandon them altogether, and seek no other
mode of relieving them—my Lords, t of only have I not said
that, not only will I not say that, but it is the very oppo-
site of what I have' said, and which I will repeat now. I
declare, whatever may be the consequence as to the sup-
pert or opposition of Right Honourable Gentlemen or Noble
Lords, here or elsewhere, that it is the purpose of the Go-
vernment to seek to "atibed a just and equitable relief to
those claeses, ivho, even -if for the benefit of the community
at large, hove been made victims and sufferers.- (Hear,
hear.) And I believe that in the English people there is
such a sense-of justice that they will not see one class, or two
or three claeses, deprived of advantages which they have
hitherto enjoyed, and at the same time subject to an undue
proportion of burdens which they have hitherto borne.—
(Hear, hear.) I say, therefore, my Lords, distinctly, that it
is my intention, and: it is the wish of the Government, acd
the determination of the Government, to direct their atten-
tion to the best mode they can devise of relieving those
suffering intereets.—(Hear; hear.) Tee extent oc the nature
of that relief msy not be within our command or control—
( Hear; heai,)—but to the of fording that relief, and at the
same time with fUll justice to all classes of the community,
I declare now, and I have declared before, the attention of
the Government will be directed—( Hear, hear) and we
shall held it to be our paramount duty, in some shape or
other, to afford that relief to those claeses who have been
suffering for the good, if it be for the good, of the rest of the
community-.—( Hear, heer.)
The Dake of ARGYLL said the Noble Eerl appeared to
admit that the consuming c!as,:es had derived benefit from
free trade; but hadaaakeal at that sacrifice had they
obtained it?'-(Hear, NeVe) 'That was undoubtedly a fai:
way of stating the argnment.—(pear, bear.) Ills answer
was, that whatever the di-tress of certain classes might
have been, it did not, in the ~lielitest degree, counterbalance
the advantages aceruirie to all other claSses of the commu-
nity. It had been said that this was a landlord's question;
but he allowed that if it really injured the landlords, it must
injure the tenants.:(Hear, hear.) He denied, however, that
it had injured other classes. In Scotland the rents had
hardly (in most diStricts) been, diminished, and the labour-
ing classes, in both countries, lie balievfd, were in a flourish-
ing condition. He had heard with satisfaction the declaraT
tion of the Noble Earl, lent' regretted" the Way in which it
had been made; rather like hanging out a secret signal to
his friendst:instead-orgiving a frank and decisive declaration.
The true fact was, that on this question, all parties had been
compelled t 6 boisn'tcrthe jadgmeut of the people and to coni-
pronaisntheir own orienat opinions. Even the Noble Earl
near him (Grey) bad, In 1841, when Lord Hewick, actually
advocated an S. fixed duty on corn as the best possible way
of raisinga revenue and settling the question. - (Hear.)
Earl GREY trither Warmly)-!-I hate always been in
favour of &Wee&

............................... .
The Duke of ARGYLD-Nevertlieless, the Noble Earl, in
1841, made the declaration I hive iilltilefl to—(flear, hear)
•--which'shOWs thit bilthis stiTofeet all pirtieihave compro;-
mised-their own'opinion and there:ore-Noble Lords opposite
ought rot to 152 t aunted.*ltli '66ruProinising theirs in defer.
Z,Fe to thtju4mect,of Vie ni,..,q9U.--,( Hear, hear.) While
qneition of proteCrujii was ni abeyance the question .ot
taxi'
eation- could bothe-seltfed: ' 'lre' agreed with the Chan-
icataofvethe-Exchequer, riat diicct .t.:xation Was not prac-
like con:th ex,.:uiptions, and without exemption ,was very
opinion eolti". - And he re -;;etted h wing,
„found ,that
dress ivitielltlented ili)-ch with di: ,pproval in a certain, ad-
believed tbato.Ntolive elect ,r.i of Carli•tle.—(licar, hear.) ,- He
Noble Mar(l,d,.(ile Lords ou th•it side, and especially the
effect that in f,,,4-.l.laPlA:ae), ha I expressed opinions to the
tion it Would 446.6.4 Vstem of fiaance. on direct taxa-
would rendei it ivy: cult to avold adch exemptions as
agree in th.eolleti.a.l.4o's-tiable.—( Ifear, hear.) He did not.
tion of opmion, on t'il.:s that 'nad been made as to the alters,
thus, ha,,was persulattirt of public men; when,eonscien-
estimation in which tba3gedid not,-at all affect-the
Eirl GREY said be laveArq tell in,---: the country,
duty in as a :geod_doine-1-Itralllt§Poken of 'an L. 83. fixed
Ministerial b'enches,) -I)ol4l,in'uljr —(Elear, hear, fronr,the
raised the re,V,rue—(Hear, hear,
—ant
a duty would have
ra.72,V formed a fair settle-
ment of thekuestion that ti
it. p..),!_sible to mako ;),;.'l..ar, bear.) He had
then believe
agriculeure, on the princjpis Of politic: on the part of
duty.—(Hear, Ileac.) :Built wei a qui,e,te.°llornY7 for a fixed
deemed of doubt and difficulty.- (Ilear;h°n ha had always
The Duke cf ARGYLL SAid he had a, ar:,)
proach at the Noble rid, but had sioapi3,"_.!rev.elled any re-
jell
at-,-for the
tion to show that all pudic man in the 4%11 le his declara-
tion
from prot4tiop t) ffre. 04413 .:-. (hear, few bed
principle of protecyCtn v3111.311.1.uC4 d
duty as in' theilatng scale.--7(40arl bear) • Ss. fixed
The Bill Was. then re.ad'a,scc(nd. timer and their Lori:l3l4l,a
adjourneatidalf:Ast.Ten cycior.:h:.

ROYAIJ4EINCESS'S OXE:ORD-STREET
5 Tinder the'Managernent ot Mr. C. Kean.
Wlll • tA j THIS' VVEICINe4; nERS
be lintibm4 tp,,,oßgicAN iIeDT •
tharectent by mews. c,.., gi;. Wigan, Ryder, Breadows, j.
Vining, ,cassiiter O.
Murray,Robertson, and C.
Leciercq. , , . .
After winde`A'/.I7CEY FRIDAY, in which gr. A. Wigan.wilt
appear. .l (1
To concluanvlth a new' and original s'alt'y
Vornpressed bled
one actMentitiidYWITTIKIND AND HIS gROTHERS LT, the
Seven Swan Princes and the Fair liaelasine. r

'''ROTAtttivtiatir-IefiEATRE..
Under,the4ritAagenaest* 3tadEtine
gole-,Lesseo.. Mr. Chatilee,-Mat)iews;
ErBNIZIO,' •
Will be 'pr •iilced a di4nlV4F-BPAY. eight acts' entitled A
CHAIN OF irt;Nts.. &meter+ by, r.charlea Mathew',
Frank Mattheti,S,'.*tiee nib,f;'ll.elfen; Baker, suter, fforncastle,
Rosier°, Butler; tenitiertifee; Madairieyeatris, dies "Laura Keene,
Mrs. F. Matthewi,- Audi tat: Geor;e, 51153 Wright, 3liss
Oliver, Mrsukipre,..3irs. Macnamarar' yliss uartinchia, ,3fiss•
Miss Grove,ang Nlys FVOte.

A3OIIITBEATR*
glmesS kfl
Under.the .Patronzge:of her 3fajesty and'his Royal
Prince Albert:
Pro;jrictor and .Manager, Mr. W.Batty.
rhe mt-st sueoessfca and popular Theatre tn. Louden,
The Last Week of Bonaparte In Eir6yt, in consequence of the
production of St. George and the DragOn on Whit-Monday.
- THIS VENING,
Will be presented a new Otuici .Military Spectacle, which is now
exciting all rads clAitlod BO.NAPARTE IN EGYPT;' or, the
Battle of Abcitkir!
To be iollowed by Batty'3 ..-•er.es of the Arena.
.„In additicia to tits, extraordinary talent at the abOYQ Establish-
Fooen:1 51r.,• natty has engaged the eei.,brate(T Equeotrlan Mr. A.
aw, llosw:ell the ver.owttned Coniqnc, P.nd Madlle. Re-
becca, the gr..,i
and unique p,,,"....anestrian, the whale forming the most elegant
phltheatre. mance ever ratneeset within the walls of an am-
To condole with a •
Tickets to be ha at th-;;.'"a'''Tr,, ° Ir"
Stags'
otl •
air Eleven till Four daily.
m
snags, r. tericre4.

Rar A L t'%Y zool,f)u '
°Pqaor A-11, kaRDEXS. •
Exhibition of Danson'S totlimaive.on,
ETNA and the CAVES of VULtA,s,II-lE4liglit View of 310LT.N.1
and Interestir4 -Monagorse—Proinin,,Zieujohe, CYCLOPS--S, plenclid.
rivalled Military laVarietrs .I.nunsir4 b3r Go. rep's tie.
Dusk with a •Grand PyrsitechniLk; t—Uonciallng kt
representing the'lnterlor or• the Mountain (the 4: -`essra• SouthbY,
Ancients), with the Caverns 'theg (Jr
,Valm-•4°'nenitun-of the
the whole terminating with Eruption or Wir his Cyclops,
Grand Tableau cos the Lake of Thetis, and the sttrEtdr„„b2,3 aTid a
Armour of • .•
re b 2, th_e
Doors °P*3l frQPIANW.-A•iii aseding sll64niattiv-ativ,.,
M Firework.s at Half-past trine,

ADMISSION, ONE 9EILLINO.