The Sun.
London, England, 1852-05-14 00:00:00

LONDON FRIDAY
%rig [le h 4 t
S MAY 14, 1852.
• T. 7

N°.18,610.]

NATIONAL ASSURANCE AND
INVESTMENT ASSOCIATION
. .

. 7, St. Martin's-place, Trafalgar-square, ondon.
The investment of money with this Association, which was
established in May, 1644, on a plait peculiar to itself, secures equal
advantages to the surplus capital of the aftlaent, and the provident
savings of the industrial classes of the community, and affords an
opportunity for realising the highest rate of Interest yielded by first-
class securities, in which alone the money is employed.
Moneys deposited with the Association, for Investment, are
exempt from liabilities on account of life contingencies. as well as
the expenses of management, which are borne by the Lite Depart-
ment, in consideration of the hilliness brought to it by investment
transactions ; therefore, Depositors enjoy the entire profits yielded
by their capital free from deduction of any kind—an advantage
which no other Institution, either public or private, holds forth, or
can afford, to its members.
Interest or Dividend, is payable half-yearly, in January and July.
Capital Stock, £lOO,OOO.
The Capital Stock is altogether distinct and separate from the
Depositors' Stock in the Investment Department. It constitutes,
with the Premium Fund, a gaarantee for the engagements of the
Association, and has been provided in order to render the security h
of
the Assured complete.
LIFE DEPARTMENT.
This Department embraces a comprehensive
aainidd
system of Life Assurance, with many valuable
provements.. importantim well-regulated.
at the netis.)
Head
moaffit icoenoa,ndt
hper oAsspseocctiTtieosn,maybeor
RRISON, Managing Director.
t o obtained,
respective eec nt
ve A applicationgen gents,
throughout the United,„Kzinrgittomilo
Director.
N.B. Applications for Agencies may be made .to the Managing

ThRITANNIA MUTUAL LIFE
ASSOCIATION.
I, Princes-street, Bank, London.
Empowered by her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent.
DIRECTORS.
CIIAIRMA.N— Colonel ROBERT ALEXANDER, Blackheath Park.
William Bardgett, Esq., 149, Fenehurch-street.
George Bev!ngton, Esq., Neekinger Bermondsey.
F. I'. Cockerill, Esq., Shadwell, and Twickenham.
George Cohen, Esq., Shacklewell.
Miles Coventry, Esq., White Hart-court, Lombard-street.
John DreweA, Esg,
Er.sgins Robert Foster, FAA, 04=WINWAWI""M"UL'
',,=-44A-.7Girdieetstp, 7, Tokeithiluse-yard
H. L. Smale, Esq., Doctors'-commons.
s'rANDING 'COUNSEL.
11. Bellenden Kerr; Esq., 8, Old-square, Lincoln's Inn.
' SOLICITORS.
Messrs. M`Lebd and Stenning, 13. London-street, Fenchurch-street.
BANKERS.
Messrs. Dimsdale, Drewett, Fowlers, and Barnard, 50, Cornhill.
This Instittition was originally established under a different title
in the year 1839, on the plan of admitting the assured to participate
in four-fifths only of the profits ; but the Society has since been re-
modeled so as to become a strictly " Mutual Association."
The whole of the funds and property belong to, and are accumu-
lated for the exclusive benefit of the assured.
The profits are divided annuall' among the policy-holders, and
applied in reduction of the current year's premium ; thus constitut-
ing, in effect, an immediate cash payment to the assured.
Half-credit policies are granted on terms unusually favourable to
the holders, the amount for which credit is given being gradually li-
quidated out of the profits.
Two Tables of Rates have been computed; one entitling the as-
sured to participate in the profits after payment of five annual pre-
miums ; the other considerably lower, in which the period of parti-
cipation is deferred two years longer : the premium ultimately pay-
able by the assured is, however, precisely the same, whichever Table
of Itates may in the first instance he selected.
General meetings of the members arc held annually, to whom full
and complete statements of the affairs and funds of the Society are
submitted, and by whom the division of the profits are from time to
time declared.
At the Annual Ger eral Meeting held on the 27th April last, a di-
vidend of 30 per cent. upon the current year's premium was awarded
to all members who had made the requisite number of payments on
their respective policies.
By order of the Board of Directors,
E. R. FOSTER; Resident Director.
ANDREW FRANCIS, Secretary.

London, May 1, 1852.
*** The "Britannia Mutual Life Association" is altogether dis-
tinct from, and independent of, the Proprietary Office transacting
business under the name of the " Aritannia Life Assurance Com-
pany." The only connexion between the two establishments is, that
their affairs are conducted on the s tine premises and by the same
officers, by which means the entire disbursements of the Mutual
Association are reduced to a small per centage on the receipts.

SECURITY I'o EMPLOYERS.
TO SECRETARIES OF PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS,
CLERKS, STATION-MASTERS, RAILWAY OF FICfALS,
BANKERS' CLERKS, TRAVELLERS, AND OTHERS.
TIMES LIFE ASSURANCE and
GUARANTEE COMPANY.
32, Ludgate-hill, London.
GUARANTEE FOR FIDELITY OF TRUST.
PROFITS DIVIDED.
RATES—From 7g. 6d. per cent. upwards. No charge for Stamps,
An allowance made in the Guarantee Premium where a Life As-
surance and Guarantee are combined.
LIFE ASSURANCE.
Policies Indisputable save in cases of Fraud.
Arrangements can be made with this Office to prevent the loss of a
Policy where the Assured is unable, from temporary embarrassment,
to keep up the payments,

H. 13. SHERIDAN
TIMES FIRE AND PROPERTY ASSURANCE COMPANY:
Every description ofA gents re Assurance. Profits Divided.

11. B. SHERIDAN.

RCH AN T'S and TRADESMAN'S
MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE OFFICE,
5, Chatham-place, Blackfriars, London.
JOIIN• MACGREGOR, Esq., M.P., Chairman.
The Advantages offered by this Society are—
Policies Indisputable, unless obtained by fraud.
All the Medical Fees paid by the Society.
Policies payable during the lifetime of the. Assured.
Non forfeiture of Policies.—Assurers unable to pay their Pre-
miums as they fall due, may have a credit for that purpose on appli-
cation to the Board.
Loans granted on Personal and other Securities in connexion with
Life Assurance.
Prospectuses and every Information may be obtained at the Office.
GtioEORGE THOMSON, Manager.
THOS. MUSGRAVE, Secretary.

LIQUID MINURE.
BURBACH, BROTHERS, and Co., GOTHA,
Manufacturers of CANVASS HOSE without Seam, for Fire
Engines, Pumps, Liquid Manure Tanks, &c., &c., have appointed as
their Agent for all England, F. PETERSON, Water. lane, 'lower-
street, London, of whom may be hat every information, and Speci-
mens of this very superior article, which is about one-third the price
of any ether description of Hose.
Machine Bands, Saddle Girths, &c.

MECHI'S TABLE CUTLERY has long been
famed for its admirable qualities, combined with cheapness.
His manufactory is at 4, Leadenhall-street, four doors from Cornhill.
Balanced Ivory-handles, in sets of 50 pieces, 2/. 10s.. 3/. 10s., 4/. 10s. ;
common kitchen, per dozen, 10s., 125., 165. 6d., 215., 255. Table
steels, patent sharpeners, cases of dessert knives, Sheffield plated
goods, &c. Machi's penknives are excellent and economical, from
Is. upwards. His peculiar steel razors and magic strop and paste
have given comfort to many a suffering shaver, and the ladies pro-
nounce his scissors to be unequalled.

APPETITE AND DIGESTION IMPROVED.
LEA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE
SAUCE Imparts the most exquisite relish to Steaks, Chops
and all Roast Meat Gravies, Fish, Game, Soup, Carries, and Salad,
and by its tonic and invigorating properties enables the stomach to
perfectly digest the food.
The daily use of this aromatic andi!tt dons Sauce is the best safe-
guard to health.
Sold by the proprietors, Lea and Perrins, 19, Fenchnrch-
street, London, and 68, Broad-street, Worcester; also by Messrs.
Barclay and Sons, Messrs. Crosse and Blackwell, and other Oilmen
and Merchants, London ; and enerally by the principal dealers in
sauce.
N.B. To guard against imitations, see that the names of " LEA
and PERRINS" are upon the label and patent cap of the bottle.

MEDICAL ADVICE ON TRE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF
POUT 1 AND MATURITY.
With Plain Directions for their Prevention and Cure.
FIFTY COLOURED ENGRAVINGS ON STEEL.
Just published, in French, English, German, Dutch, Spanish, and
Italian, in a Sealed Envelope, 2s. 6d., or post-free from the Author
tor Forty-two Stamps,
SELF-PRESERVATION; a
Medical Treatise on the Physiology of Marriage, and on the
Secret Infirmities and Disorders of Youth and Maturity, usually ac-
quired at an early period of life, which destroy the physical and
mental powers, diminish and enfeeble the natural feelings, and ex-
haust the vital energies of Manhood; with Practical Observations on
the certain Prevention and successful Treatment of Nervous Debi-
lity, Local and Constitutional Weakness, Syphilis, Stricture, and all
Diseases and derangements resulting from Indiscretion, as adopted
by Lallemand, Ricord, and other eminent members of the faculty of
France. With Fifty coloured Engravings, illustrating the Anatomy,
Physiology, and Diseases of the Reproductive Organs, explaining
their structures, uses, and functions, and the various injuries that
are produced in them by solitary habits, excesses, and infection.
By SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D.,
87, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON.
Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated Member of the University of Edin-
burgh, Honorary tilember of the London Hospital Medical Society,
Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, Member of the Hunterian
Medical Society of Edinburgh, &c., &c.
This work contains a plain and complete description of the ana-
tomy and physiology of the reproductive organs, and of their relative
conditions in health and disease. Dr. LaWert, who has taken the
highest medical honours, as evidenced by the diplomas and testimo-
nials inserted in the work, is the only legally qualified medical man
who has exclusively, and for many years, devoted his studies to the
treatment of these complaints. lie may be consulted with advan-
tageby all those whose constitutions may have become debilitated
through secret practices acquired in youth, or by the excesses of
inter years, whereby the pleasures of life are marred, the objects of
.ng marriage trustrated, and existence itself rendered a term of unceita-
(tester-
Rayncarket.; Gordon,ali,
milt and regret.
Publishedrow. byi the Author, and may be had of J. Gilbert, 49, Pater-
or free by post for
whe
mar
he fortywo-.twanodstfraonimpss,
consulted on
63, Oxford-street : Starie, Titchborne-street,
146, Leadenhall-street ; Mann, 23, Cornhill ;
these disorders personally or by letter,
ix till E from tihgeht.author's residence,
daily ftiom Ten till T

THE SILENT FRIEND,
IN SIX LANGUAGES—FORTIETH EDITION.
col," rAINING THE REMEDY FOR PREYENTIOI% OF DISEASE.
11115trated by One Hundred Anatomical Coloured Engravings.
0 4 PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE I nA-
PACITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE.
N Ai; Edition, enlarged to 190 pages, price as. tid. by post from
the Establishment, 39. fid, in stamps. ' am
TEE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on
the exhaustion and physical decay of the system, produced by
a•ac V.
indulgence, the consequences of infection, or the abuse of
1 „.,-,:natrvve. with directions for the use of the preventive lotion, fol.
Marriage, ana the disquasl.ificuaytioutia. which
prevent
gers-s treet, Oxford-
-ow- C.ol- -by' observations en
preVent it. Illustrated by 100
sCuorlognoorends,El9n,grialovmhl
pERIty and CO ,
ablished by Sherwood and Co., 23, Pternoster-
Consul nig
tre,:t.3;, am Sanger, 'MI, Oxford-street; Der_street, London. P
nr.nnay
Barclay and Son, 95, Farringdon-
row, and sold by
don, 146, LeadAnhall-8 Church-yard ; Edwards,Paul's
street ; W. Sutton, 10; Bow
Church-yard ; and
Butler, 4, Cheap, side ; It. Johnson, 68, Cornhill.
physiology ct the re-rroductive
`ed by 25 Coloured Pam' I. treats of the anatomy
organs, and is Mastro:.l Engravings.
PART 11. treats le effects on stem,
t ts of the consequences resulttihneg fr()mxcpesrsoidvueohl,ng-
d-ilgence, and their lamentab
mental and bodily Er-ravings.
weakness, ncrvoils oxci tem. e and generative
in :opacity. Illustrated by 10 Explanatory
PA3.T 111, treats of the diseases resuilita
t Inignsfrogp Coloure
lunofietedioirne
Ergs ,octiltohnser
toinf
the primary cr secondary form, and aunts
their treatment. This section is illustrated by 61 d ev-
Inas.
PART IT. contain! a Remedy for the Proveil 4on
simple application, by which the danger of infection
iOO fn Disease eoabsvei
ab
a• a
.
,to-
PART V.ist devoted to the consideration of maniag
o, 4d.
tits. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and the '
whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into.
r-
THE CORDIAL BALM 07 STRUM:JR le exclusively employed in
Is 335.
treating nervous and sexual debility, impotence, &,:., 1 - --' and
lltie
per bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essebee, on anti-3jphi
reedy, for purifying the blood In cases of infection,
,secondary
remedy,
symptoms, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, I is. and 335. per
b,tttic. Perry's Purifying Specific Pills, 2s. yd„ 4s. fid., any I Is.
pe,r hex, a csrtain remedy for gouorrhcta glzet, stiicture, ant!
cn -cute baflammation of the bladder. Consu'lta, 'on fee, if by letter,
Li. A minute fetail of the case is required: age, habits, and Po,l*
tri:- in society. 51. Packets, with advice, to be had at the Esta•
blitbment only, by which the f.,e, 11., it saved. Messrs. rem
Sit-gems .are in attendance, daily, at 19, Deniers-street, Oxford.
street, Condon, from Ellllll tll
,sight . . On Sun.
diYireln •EIeTWI to 011 C.

THE NEW WORK ON NEPAUL.
Now ready, in 2 vols., 21s. bound,
•
NARRATIVE OF FIVE YEARS'
RESIDENCE AT NEPAUL.
By Captain THOMAS SMITH.
Assistant Political Resident at Nepaul.
From 1841 t , 1845.
Colbura and Co., Publishers, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

LlEur. OS t3ORN'S ARCTIC JOURNAL.
Just published, in 1 vol. post Bvo., with Map and Four coloured
Prates, price its. cloth,
&TRAY LEAVES from an ARCTIC JOUR-
NAL. By Lieut. SIIREARD OSBORN, R. T., commandihg
11.M.5.V. Pioneer, in the late Expedition, 1850.51, under Captain
Austin, to rtScae Sir John Franklin.
.„,3 This work contains an account of the various traces of the
missing Expedition—the wonderful Phenomena of the North—the
novel application of Steam Power—Blasting the Ice—Attempts to
communicate with the loot Expedition by Balloons—Sledging—Win-
ter Amusements and Occupations —with a brief summary of what
has been done, and of what remains to be done.
London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longman3.

GENZit AL ELECTION. Canvass Books,
Committee Books, all the Books and Forms required for the
Pulling, on a systematic plan, may be had in any quantities. Also,
the Sixth Edition of COX'S L AAV and PRACTICE of ELECTIONS,
giving to Agents and Returning-officers full instructions for the Ma-
nagement of an Election, with all the required forms. Price 9s.
cloth.

Law Times Office, 29, Essex-street, Strand

DEFEAT OF THE GOVERNMENT ON THE FORFEITED

SEATS.

DOUGLAS JERROLD EDITS LLOYD'S
WEEKLY LONDON .I.WSPAPER. • .

The number for Sunday next, May 16 (Price Threepence), post
free, containing Sixty Large tlolumni of the Latest Intelligence
(to the,moment of I' blication) from all parts of the world, by ex-
press Electric Telegraph, and other. means, regardless of expense.
The Number for Sunday Next will also contain :
Editorial Articles : Goths in Italy, the Irish Exiles, Derby's Com-
promise Pudding, the Lest Butt for H irwich, the Cabinet in the
DArk; Solomon on the Field of Mars, the Maynooth War-whoop, the
Brain and thd-Betly7 Mr. Disraeli's "Money or your Life P.' &c., &c.
—P srllament of the week: Debitts.on St. Albans and Sudbury, Mr.
Spooner's Maynooth Motion._Taxes on Knowledge: Defeat of Mr.
Gibson's 'Motion, &c.—The Paris Fetes : Presentation of the Eagles
by Lours Napoleon—Desperato Riot in an Irish Workhouse—A whit
Colliery Accident : Eighty Lives Lost—Murder of a Woman by a
Coal oorter —lnaguration of the Statue of Sir R. Peel at Salford—
Discovery of the Murderer of-Lord Norbury—Loss of Sixty Sailing
Vessels —The Ships on the Iceberg : Captain Coward's Report—Ac-
cident to Mr. Spooner, .M.P.—Lewes and Itewmarket Itaces--Deci-
sioilionithDe,s-casewoEtElltLillyle.
Lll,O'fiNgnpeor:s &c.
NEWSPAPER is published
every Saturday night in time fol• post. Price only THREEPENCE 1!
Post Free.. Send Three Postage Stamps to Edward Lloyd, No. 12,
Salisbury-square, London, and receive one Copy as a sample, or
ord,r of any newsvendor. -

PRINCE'S, 14, Regent-greet, Waterloo- place.
Messrs. PRINCE have the honour to announce to Members
that their SMOKING and READING ROOMS will OPEN on the
17th Instant.

PATRON—H; R. H. PRINCE ALBERT.
a OPAL- L'OL ICTECHN IU INSTITUTION,
Bachhoffner and Defries's new Patent Polytechnic Gas Fire
will be exhibited and lectured on on Monday, Wednesday, and Fri-
day, at Half-past Three, and on Tuesday and Thursday Evenings, at
Nine.-:-Lecture on Vlus,c, by George Buckland, Esq., illustrated by
Modern Songs, every evening, except Saturday, at Eight o'clock.—A
Prevention oPefriPpeirra, ey Esq.,on Glynn and Appel's Parent Paper
and Forgery by the Anastatic Process.
......
the Britannia Tubular Bridge, illustrated by M
forL thee Lecture,cu —Lecture
rebeyv Je
on. n
r. E.
Clarke's beautiful Model.--Lecture on Voltaic Electricity, by Dr.
Bachhorfner.—A splendid New Series of Dissolving Views.—Exhibi-
tion
doinf thisseiohni,lcirso.sicopriec.ti—ooDisivanerdancihilDdivreinng
unßedlie,r &Teo,,n&;e.ars
of
age,
half-price.'

LAURENT'S CASINO,
•
ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street,
St. James's.
Open every evening by Laurent's Celebrated Band. Principal
Comet-a-v.lBton, M. tioulcourt.
Doors open at Eight o'clock. Dancing to commence at nine, and
eerminate at half- past eleven.
Admission—ONE SHILLING.

GENERAL CHANGARNIER AND
LOUIS NAPOLEON.
The following letter, in reply to Louis Napeleon's de-
crees on the oath, has been published:—
Malines, May 10, 1852, 10 o'clock, A. 31.
"M. le'Ministre,—During 36 years I have served
France with a devotion which might be equalled, but
which could not ho surpassed.
" Under tho Restoration I held a grade in the army
proportional to the then obscurity of the services I had
rendered.
"Under the Government of July the chances of war
edaDysueafdt,eAr
uthmearer,oewlahmomatioln
hoafdthjeusßt erpeucbolinc:
raised me rapidly to the station of lieutenant-general.
dwuhle‘tTnedwMoe.lnytheboard the Solon, honouring him with a salute
from the artillery of the Place de la Marine, as if the
King Louis Philippe still inhabited the Tuileries, had
left me the Government of Algeria ad interim.
"I wrote to the Minister of the Interior that I had not
wished for the proclamuti n of the Republic, but that it
did not appear to me to change my duties towards my
country; the provisional Government did not break my
sword, and on the 16. h April it had no cause to regret
being able to make use of it. A short time after that
day I was appointed Governor-General of Africa. I soon
left that high positior, where everything was easy for
me to effect, to respond to the confidence of theeleetora af.
Paris, who called me to the Constituent Assembly.
General Cavaignac, charged with the Executive Go-
vernment, after the days of June, 1848, at which time I
was absent, named me on the 30th of June Commander-
in-Chief of the National Guards of the Seine. On the
14th• of December of the same year General Cavaignac
having desired me to call at the hotel he occupied,
Rue de Vareunes, told me, in the presence of all the
Ministers, that the police believed in a Bonapartist
movement, prepared to profit by the cerenaany of the
anniversary of the translation of the remains of the
Emperor to the Invalide9, in order to excite the pe.pular
enthusiasm to conduct Napoleon Bonaparte to the Tuile-
ries, and to proclaim him Emperor. General Cavaignac
finished by asking my opinion on the measures to be
taken. I gave him it, and finished by saying, 'My
dear General, I have given my hand to Louis Napoleon
to make him a President—not an Emperor. In a few
days he will be President of the Republic; but you may
depend upon it that it is not to-morrow that he will enter
the Tuileries, where you have established my quarters-
general.'
" These words expressed briefly, but exactly, my un-
shakeable determination to remain—what in all my life
I have been—a man of order and of the law.
" Louis Napoleon Bonaparte has several times at-
tempted to make me deviate from the right line which
I had traced to myself, in order to determima ne me
dto
serve his ambition. Ile has offered me,
other persons off ,r me, not only the dignity of
Marshal, which Franco would have seen conferred
upon me without considering itself fallen, but ano-
ther military dignity which, since the fall of the
Empire, has ceased to dominate our hierarchy. He
wished to attach to that dignity enormous pecuniary
advantages, which, thanks to the simplicity of my ha-
bite, I had no merit in disdaining. Having perceived,
when very late, that personal interest had no influence
on my conduct, he endeavoured to gain me over by pre-
tending that he was resolved to prepare for the triumph
of the cause of the monarchy. to which he supposed
that I was devoted by my predilections. All these kinds
of seductions were powerless. I never ceased to be,
when in the command of the army of Paris and in the
Assembly, ready, as I once stated during a sitting of the
Committee of Permanence, after the reviews at Satory,
to defend with energy the legal powers of Louis Napo-
leon Bonaparte, and to give every opposition to the ille-
gal prolongation of those powers.
" It is not to you that it is necessary to tell how those
powers have been established under a new form, and
what iniquitous and violent acts have accompanied his
installation.
" Persecution has not cooled my patriotism. The
exile which I have undergone in solitude and silence,
which now you force me to break, has not changed in
my eyes my duties to France.
Were it to be attacked, I would solicit with ardour
the honour of fighting in its defence.
" The only French journal which I here see has just
informed me of the decree which determines the mode
of taking the oath—which is to be demanded from all
military authorities. A p iragra ph, evidently drawn up
order to be applied to the proscibed generals, gives
,hem a delay of four months. I have no need of deliberat-
,ng so long upon a question of duty and honour.
" This oath—exacted by the perjured man who has
failed to corrupt rat—this oath I refuse.
(Signed) " CHANGARNIER."

RAGGED SCHOOLS.
TO ,THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
. SIR,—S, sing a letter from a Mr. John Lloyd in this
evening's Sun on the above subject, may I be al-
lowed the indulgence of replying to that letter in your
columns?
I quite agree with your correspondent when he says
that there are few societies which have such strong
claims to the support of the affluent as Ragged Schools.
Your correspondent states that there are many who de-
cline to contribute to these schools, not because they
object to the nature of the plan, but to the name only.
Now I certainly have never yet heard or road a single
sentence at all disapproving of the title until I read
Mr. L.'s letter, and I cannot myself at all agree in
calling things by their wrong names. These schools
isi To
immediately oi rlso, v hte o t however e
tvhe
er transformed raggedcont rar hy e,
are schools for the ragged, and why refrain from calling
them ragged schools? The reason that is given in the
letter is that directly a boy is admitted into one of these
mlienitgt
ohlitqrhu.
iaLtve.e
ag,different3 beensombeef
Sunday
before,
being.dhaye
will undertake
eveningassownFbieleldd:latnheero,er
wPil.uuml ntorete-beeouir.otunscdhomolosr,
to say, that out of the whole number
there
a dozen in the ell-nthdanl
state which he describes, as clean
and decently clad; for we do not keep such lads as these
_....as'soon as they attain a certain
situations, or they emigrate, sGc thus level they retire into
others of the ragged population' who,making room for
through the same system, tl3
ust—us perhaps, go
always keeping it a
ragg(.d school.
Hoping you will think this worthy of • •
insertion,
I am, Sir, yours, Etc.,
A TEACHER
AT FIELD LANE RAGGED SCHOOL.
Young Men's Christian Association, May 11.

EXPORTS TO TURKEY.—Yesterday a return, ob-
tained by Lord Dudley !quart, was printed, showing the
quantities and declared value of the articles of British and
Irish produce and manufactures exported to Turkey from the
United Kingdom in each year, from 1831 to 1850. In the
first year the declared value of the goode Was 888,654/., and
in the last yen 3,113,6n1.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

TIMES.—Sir James Graham's address to the electors
of Carlisle is so thoroughly characteristic that, what-
ever its political value, it cannot fail to be admired as a
specimen of the man. Everybody recogniecs in that
man a power—a " Titanic energy," as we save seen it
expresJed, which, like the muscles of an athlete, eV,-
goats tho idea of even a redundancy of strength. That
is tho character of this adnress. It is muscular deve-
lopment at its highest strain, almost at fever point, but
the gi est) is not well directed, and its objects are not
well chosen. Sir James describes in successive para.
graphs, with strenuous indignation, the politic with-
dra.wel of Protectionist claims, the official candour of the
budget, the possible danger of the electors,
the private
opinions confessed by Lord Derby on corn, and by Sir
John Pakington on auger, Mr. Disraeli's views on direct
taxation, Sir Fitzroy Kelly's on the repeal of the corn-
laws, and Mr. Disraeli's renewed assurance of
his good intentions fur the
.farmer; winding up
with is solemn centime against trusting men
who would, if they could, reverse free trade. But,
take the address as a whole, Sir James throws
no new light on the condition of parties, much less on
the prospects of the country. He bas not convicted the
Protectionists of dishonesty, or dragged them from their
reserve; he has not stripped the budget of its merit; he
has not persuaded us that -Lord Derby and Sir John
Pakington will not surrender their private opinions, now
that it is convenient to do s 0; he has not raised Sir
Fitzroy Kelly into a politieal, personage; he has not
proved that to vote for an adherent of Lord Derby is to
aid and abet in the revival of prolection; what is more
than all, he has net--e'en attempted to tell us what is
the alter • , .what sere are to have if we Myra not
eta- lintel - nistsy. We are no admirers of Lord
Derby's Adin nistration. Their position is humiliating
47(4
to themselves and to the (MOM 'We see neitheir in
their passconduct nor in their promises any trustworthy
pledge of the good government of this country;
but we are not prepared to say, with Sir James
Graham, that to be an opponent of Lord
Derby is an indisputable claim to our suffrage.
We are forced to take things as they are, and
occasionally to put up with a had thing for fear of
a worse. Nor is the ". worse" in this case a mere sha-
dowy apprehension. It presents itself to us in the pal-
pable form of a triumvirate, of whom and of whose
policy Sir James Graham says nothing to the electors
of Carlisle. The day that sees the discomfiture, as we
think the deserved discomfiture, of Lord Derby's Cabinet,
will see Lord John Russell, Sir James Graham, and Mt.
Cobden, either called to her Majesty's councils or estab-
lished in some less official, though not less powerful,
fraternity. In those three names we see no pledge
either of good government or of stability. After the
invariable precedent of all triumvirates, one of them
will ultimately carry the day, and jostle his colleagues
out of power. If that one be Lord John Russell, then
we shall simply see the two last miserable years of in-
action over again; if it be Sir James Graham or Mr.
Cobden, it remains to be seen how far either is compe-
tent to provide for all the interests of this country. With
so much uncertainty in that quarter of the horizon, Sir
James's total omission of the consequences involved
in overthrowing Lord Derby, though natural, is by
no means satisfactory. It is contrary to all the rules of
common sense to go entirely by negatives. Sir James
tells Free-traders to ask candidates—" Are you a sup-
porter or an opponent of Lord Derby's Government?"
No rational person would ever act thus in his private
affairs: If his choice lay between two agents, he would
not close with Scylla because he justly suspected Cha-
rybdis. It is very true that men who, like Lord Derby
and his colleagues, confess to private leanings at vari-
ance with what we believe to be the common weal, and
avow an intention of following those leanings as far as
as they can, are dangerous people, and all the more
dangerous if they show signs of being also slippery; but
what if the members of the other only practicable Go-
vernment have their leanings also, their schemes to be
realised as possible, their dangerous points? Are Rus-
sell, Graham, and Cobden necessarily safe because
Derby, Disraeli, and Pakington are unsafe, and Kelly al-
together contemptible? Of the two sides, we feel far
surer that Derby and Disraeli will follow all their elan-
gerous professions than thatCobden will ever swallow his.
When a stranger whispers in the ear of the countryman,
"Don't trust that fellow,
he is a rogue,l'll show you how
to take care of your money," the countrymen, if he has
a particle of common sense, will not infer that, because
one stranger may be a rogue, the other must be honest.
But in this instance electors are asked to do this, for if
they reject one they cannot escape the other. Nor is
the danger diminished when, if they reject one chief,
they will be driven into the toils of a confederacy con-
sisting of three chiefs, who never have acted well toge-
ther, and who, most probably, never will. Without in-
tending it, and misled by the temptation to express him-
self clearly and forcibly, Sir James Graham has not al-
together escaped a degree of unfairness, even to misre-
presentation. Nay, he has defeated his own purpose by
some virtual ineesseleielveiellikikklaitrseribetrthe list shs-
do ,y of protection seeming to vanish in the smoke of a
Militia Bill. Does he believe this to be an actual re-
treat, or only a feigned one? As it is, he claims for his
argument the benefit of both alternatives. He calls the
official Chancellor
h o mo of
homage
e psid t o Exchequer'stru t
h,,, financialand
pronounces"st atementtt an
budget for the current year an adoption of
Peel's policy. Is Mr. Disraeli to have credit for this,
or is he not to have credit? If
, as seems the truest
solution, that homage to truth was inevitable, it fol-
lows, what we thoroughly believe thepresent ve that
Mi-
nistry cannot help themselves, inevitable
and the sum©
necessity will dictate all their ln order
Sir James Graham says, " future budgets.
to manufacture an additional point against the Ministry,
Sir Robert
Robert Peel's financial Policy is the r of indirect
reduction . . , .13
taxation, and the substitution of direct taxation, waist
moderate limits?' He omits toexplainthat one of these
moderate limits was a short term
an im otant branch of Sir
stitution was only desieeedand that
- to be temporary,
when the present Ministry •
came in the tax in its present
form had been already condemned. Where is the sin,
then, of looking to its earl
In the next paragraph of years, that the sub-
the expense of perfect ames has sought brevity
Sir 1 amendment or
at
"the
Chancellor of the Exchequercandour. 'd to his . has returned
ori-
ginal ground • and even budget
"nee his speech on the
he has declared that, ' when her Majesty shall
have recurred to the Sense people, the
Government is prepared to of her . . .
fulfil, as far as lies in their
power, that policy with " Again "he says,
regard to the agricultural inte-
rest which they advocated • • side of the
House.'" Now, Sir Jameson the Opposition
the . e ._.
niug and the end of a passe, has here given the frit,
e, omitting the middle °
though that middle containsg an expression which. consi-
derably qualifies and determines the meaning of aning of the
e the
passage, marking the suppressed
done, we will giv
~ _
have no hesitation in sayin that words in italicssi—l
have recurred to the sense get. when her Majesty shall
her people her Majesty's
Government are prepared t
those remedial measures Whicj: introduce, in due season,
justice, and by regard to the they believe are required
the
country. I think there can bepermanent interests of tt.
this House or in the country no misunderstanding in
e
are prepared to fulfil, as far ry on that subject. W
that policy with regard to the as lies in our power,
agricultural interest which
we advocated on the other side
ex-
pression, " remedial measuresoof-the House." The
that second position which Me' "directs the attention of
lastisraeli and many of
supporters have taken up for the
viz., the demand for
agricultural two or three years,
of certain supposed burdens that relief, on the pretence
land, as a protected interest. had accumulated on the
demand we will not now enter, Inton the propriety of that
mends incessantly made by all classes
considering the de-
taken up by Mr. Disraeli and hi:ss the new positio
less peculiar and obnoxious one than friendsthe
original demand
for protective duties. The expression
.. . .
sures," therefore, considerably alterat " remedial Teea_
passage, and Sir James, while denouncing--e
complexion of the
and mystery, ought not to haveconcealment
omitted
that might help to explain the raearnuitted a single word
of his opponent,
We have made these remarks, lug
them, though we feel that they becauseapply justice requires
guage and tone than to the substannlceOre to the 1
of Sir James - s
address. Brevity is the soul of Wit,
but,
dealing with complex subjects, it is not the especially
soul
of
truth. in
Candour must submit to be occasionally tediouslhe
present knot of political affairs is no more to be • cut by
half a dozen terse sentences than it is by the sword; and
unhappily the brief question which Sir James Graham
puts into the mouth of every British elector, " Are you
a supporter or an opponent of Lord Derby's Govern-
ment?" is only preliminary to another, " Are you a
Jamessupporter. or an opp Mr. Cobden? onent of Lord John
Russell, Sir
"
HERALD.—The dispatches from Southern Africa
contained in the Gazette of Tuesday night, and which we
printed yesterday, are well worthy of an attentive peru-
sal. In thus drawing particular notice to their contents
we secure for their author, Sir Harry Smith, that mead
of gratitude and admiration which.duty to the British soldier or
sailor—having performed his the best of his
ability—never fails, under any circumstances, to obtain
from the English people. When, however, the public
remembers the insult and the injury attempted to be put
on an old and most distinguished officer, by a late Colo-
nial Secretary, these dispatches will be read with a more
heartfelt and thrilling interest. Sir Harry smith,
sup.
posing Earl Grey to bo still in office, with dignified
calmness acknowledges the receipt of tho order for his
recall without murmur or complaint; but at the same
time intimates that the sense of duty which had hitherto
guided him would induce himf to persevere in the pre-
or the expulsion of the rebel
pre-
parstory steps he had taken e
_sumo.This .
Gaikas and Hottentots und rM at every
bred in the scholoslwh
one expected from a soldier _
lington.'nsult or injury from the hands
No amount of i
h
of an official superior bas induced him to forget his duty
to his Queen or country, or . .to relax in those efforts
which under unparalleled di
&tittles seem destined to
complete
be crowned at length with con?ln.success.ate The dis-
patch dated from the Camp t3l! Icw ron the 17th
March, is the completest ofvindicationn
of the ill-treated
genera!, and the severest condemnation . Earl Grey.
affair with That document announces a smart the
enemy, in which the 91st Regiment greatly distinguished
itself, and in,which 100 head of ca. tle and 40 horses
were captured. Important successes have also been
gained against the enemy at the Fish River Bush by de-
tachments of the Artillery and of the 12th and 91st Re-
giment; and still more remarkable successes in that part
of the range called Fuller's Hoek, a very extensive and

densely-wooded locality, where " Macomo'a den,"
deemed to be almost inaccessible, was situated in a deep
kloof. This " den," one of the strongholds of the
enemy, has been carried; many prisoners have been
taken, among others 130 women, among ie hom are
Afacomo'a young and favourite wife, and his " great
wife," Tambookie, much regarded among the tribe.
Between the 10th and the 13th of March Coloneli
Pole, Michel, and Eyre captured near 700 head of
cattle and 150 horses. The flying enemy were on every
side intercepted, and the difficult and heretofore well-
maintained positions of the I&ottentots and Kafirs—
mamely, the Water Klee; Blink water, and Fuller's
Hoek, are now completely cleared. Not content with
these successes, Sir Harry Smith has directed Colonels
Michel and Eyre to move, with five days' provisions, on
the Chumie range of the Amatolas, for the purpose of
dislodging the tribe of Tyalie, and the rebel Hottentots,
and then penetrating into the heart of the mountains.
Sir Harry Smith had been sneered at by some of the
Whig officials and writers as using hyperbolical lan-
guage iu reference to these campaigns, and in giving
lavish praise to the officers under his command. Ag4inet
both charges he defends himself in his'dispatch very suc-
cessfully.- With all the experience of a gallant and dis-
tinguished veteran, Sir Harry remarks that troops acting
in the open field expect not the stimulus of praise. But
the war at the Cape is not a regular warfare in the open
field, but a desultory and most harassing struggle
against a sanguinary and most treacherous enemy.
The troops have to ascend mountains—to penetrate
dense and tangled ravines—to defeat the stealthiest
stratagems, and to endure all the miseries of savage life,
in addition to the labours of a campaign. In such diffi-
cult circumstances a general would exhibit not merely
.unfitness as a commander but ggrose ignorance of human
nature, Who- faired frlitrtt'n highest

encomiums. No man is less addicted to hyperbole than
the Duke of Wellington. The calmness and impassi-
bility of his character—not to say the correctness of his
taste and the reserve of his nature, revolt from all exag-
geration, yet no great commander of our day, excepting
Napoleon, has ever praised the soldiers serving under
him more generously or more sincerely than the Duke
himself. In following so great an example—whatever
Earl Grey may, say to the contrary—Sir Harry Smith
cannot err. In a very short time it is probable we may
again see the veteran ou English ground, where he will
receive a generous and candid appreciation from a Colo-
nial Minister more just and temperate than his predeces-
sor—and a cordial and respectful welcome from a people
who never sanction or support injustice.
POST.—With characteristic force and clearness the
highest military authority in the world answered some
time since, from his place in the House of Lords, the
opinion which had been published on the career of Sir
Harry Smith at the Cape, and the condemnation which
had been conveyed to him by an official authority, then
high and unchecked in power, though, unhappily,
strangely deficient in fair spirit and judgment. Lord
Grey, visiting on the Commander of the Forces the
series of disappointments, the long-delayed success, and
protracted war, for which the weak and short sighted
policy of the Colonial-office was in truth mainly respon-
sible, wrote to recal Sir Harry Smith from his post, in
terms of harshness and injustice which we should hesi-
tate to repeat, except for the purpose of calling attention
to the facts which have since reversed that sentence, by
a contradiction as strong and explicit as that conveyed
in the words of the great Duke. The dispatch to which
we refer, and which called forth the observations of the
Duke of Wellington, atter detailing some of the diffi-
culties against which Sir Harry Smith had been forced to
contend with most inadequate means, proceeded to in-
from him, in words which nothing short of failure the
most utter and inexcusable aould have justified, that
" upon a careful review of the events of the war, and
those which preceded its breaking out, there was evi-
dence which it was impossible longer to resist, that he
had failed in showing that foresight, energy, and judg-
ment which his very difficult position required." This
happily worded and charpteristio communication went
on vary consistently to communicate to Sir Harry Smith
his dismissal from bis post, and to explain to him how
entirely " a careful review" had satisfied Lord Grey
that all others had done well while their comununder had
failed miserably. Such a sentence on a commander
charged with the interest and honour of his countoy as
that which we have quoted, if just and true, would and
ought to be ruinous to bis reputation, and in the case of
an officer who bad served before with such gallantry and
success as Sir Harry Smith, we should, if the evidence
had justified the punishment, have left the painful subject
with sorrow and in silence, so soon as we had
done our duty to the public by its communication.
But, if the sentence be ill-founded, if the punish-
ment be unjust, we have another duty to perform. The
judge and the accused must change places. Something
worse than want of foresight, something more serious
than deficiency in judgment must, we think, be
charged against the author of the dispatch of the 14th
of January, answered, as it has been, first by the Duke
of Wellington, then by successive- mails bringiee-eaets
in full justification of his high opinion, and now: by him
to whom it was addressed, in the manly and soldier-like
e,,plutbilsisbhutt ioudsatyie.e
toT hseirDHoakreryssamidi,tiht
statementwl
be rec
wolhleicchtedw,
to say, that 1, who am his commanding officer, entirely
approve of all his operations—entirely approve of all the
orders he has given to his troops, and of the arrange-
ments he made fir their success." Thia was the first
answer to Lord Grey's harsh, offensive, and unqualified
censure. The next was brought, if we mistake not, by
the first inward mail after the &par:ore of that which took
oat the Colonial Secretary's complaint and sentence, on the
charge that" no advantage of any real importanee had been
gained over the enemy." It was to the effect that this
enemy, over whom no advantage bad been gained, had
sued for peace, and had been driven, with scarcely a
show of resistance, from all but his very strongest holds.
We hear since that the most important of these also
have been cleared at the sword's point, and that the
enemy has fled in all directions, leaving the wives and
effects of the formidable chief Macomo in our hands.
The mountain range of the Water Kloof, supposed by the
Kafirs to be inaccessible, has thus boen completely
cleared; so have other formidable strongholds; and when
Sir Harry's last dispatch was written, the army from
whose command he had been so nojustifiebly displaced,
victorious at all points, under his orders, was about to
proceed to assail every part of the discomfited enemy's
country. These facts were published he a some-
what different form several days since; but in Sir
Harry Smith's dispatch of the 17th March, now before
us, they are concentrated into a clear and continuous
narrative as an answer, and it is the best, the most
manly, and most soldier-like answer that could have
been given to Lord Grey's offensive and unmerited letter
of reproach and dismissal. The folio ming simple and
straightforward lines contain the only notice which the
object of such misplaced harshness condescends to take
of his recal, conveyed as it was in terms which would
have been cruel if well founded, and, as it is, were some-
,hing worse:—

pt
b,
Government
vi
honournekr
nwma teenrtt,
oMhr
eaaordec
ihdv
eel
deemed
on
eldtBhsei2t .las:
me"
that
ayt Lhoerrd
instant, at King William's Town, your Lordship's dis-
patch, No. 732, of the 15th January last, intimating to
unavoidable duty to relieve me from my present position;
that my Sovereign had approved of the measure, and
that my successor was immediately to leave England.
At that period, however, such were the prospects of this
war, and so rapid the progression towards the '
state of
things which can alone perpetuate peace (best shown by
the proclamation issued by me on the 6th of February,
and again inclosed), that a sense of the duty which has
guided me in the service of my Sovereign and country
for so many years induced •me to persevere in the pre-
paratory steps I had taken for the expulsion from
certain strongholds within the colony of the
rebel Gaikas and Hottentots, under the wily
Chief Macomo, a renegade from the au-
thority of his paramount Chief Sandilli; as also for ex-
pelling the Gaika tribes from British Kafraria, and
driving them over the Great Kei. My intention was
communicated to your Lordship in my dispatch of the
16th ult."
Sir Harry Smith was right in thus briefly acknowledg-
ing a dispatch which, had his case been less strong, the
natural tendency of than to self-defence might have led
him to discuss and deny, paragraph by paragraph,
charge by charge. There was no need for this. The
narrative of what has been done, of the condition in
which he leaves the war which he was accused of having
grievously mismanaged, forms the best vindication of the
general, disproves most strongly the allegations against
the well-won honours of a long and brave career in his
country's service, and places the veteran suldier once
more before the public as one who deserved all honour
where the rash bitterness of a petulant and unjust judge
had dealt out to him disgrace and condemnation. We
are glad to have it in our power to give, by every
means within our reach, our testimony to the repa-
ration which Sir Harry Smith so fully deserves.
But we hope that in higher quarters the necessity
of that reparation may be both felt and shown. It
would be too much perhaps to expect candour and
justice from the late Colonial Secretary. but it may be
that some lather Noble Lord, or some indepeudent Mem-
ber of the Lower House, may see fit to draw the atten.
lion of Parliament to the injustice shown to a gallant
and deserving officer, and to the vindication of his cha-
racter audipolicy, which the course of events has brought.
There is one more passage which we may quote from
Sir Harry Smith's letter; it is used by him with re
ference, not to his own case, bat to that of the gallant
men under his orders; still it applies no less to the
commander than the soldiers which he led. Speaking
of the right which the troops had earned to his praise
and approval, Sir Harry Smith says of the solditr at
the Cape, and we may say it of Sir Harry Smith him-
self, and of every man who serves his country in the
highest or the most humble post—" He does his duty ;
but human nature renders even the soldier's intrepid i
heart sensible of the approbation of his superior." That
approbation Sir Harry Smith has already had
from a far
higher quarter than that which censured him. He Rill
have it also from the country which he serves.
DAILY NE virs.--A very grave violation of the
stitutionat privileges of Parliament has con.
been attempted
by Ministers. It has been the understoodprivilege empted
the House of Commons to refuse the supplics t moit
nistry not to their mind; the Lord Chamberlainoa has
turned the tables on the House of Commons—who,
things considered, can scarcely look to
find much
all
in the eyes of that Noble Lord and h. _ favour
15 Colleagues—and
Majesty's,
- - - ‘I
' badCan