The Sun.
London, England, 1864-08-30 00:00:00

working classes themselves, who are no more
willing to sacrifice their children's health and lives
than the ranks above them, however much they may
be compelled by force of circumstances to send them
out into the world. We may wonder, indeed, at
the mother voluntarily abandoning those duties
which should be her chief pleasure, but s'Lle is in
most cases ignorant of the risk she is running, and
the temptation is great. In the aaanufexturing dis-
tricts almost every girl is brought up to some kind
of work, and there are many.of the lighter kinds
for which women are peculiarly fitted, and at
which they can earn a good deal of money. The
wife and mother who finds the house-
hold expenses increase with her increasing
family, without any corresponding rise in her Ins.
band's wages, very naturally thinks of her old trade
and resolves to bring in something herself. So
many round her do so that she sees no harm in
leaving her children to take care of themselves,
and very often to take care of the baby also. The
same thing with the same result occurs in most
of the agricultural districts, where women are em-
ployed at light work in the fields, The medical
officer of the Privy Council has brought forward
an array of facts and figures which might convince
the most incredulous of the manifold evils pro-
ceeding from so false a system. The quese
tion is how far the Legislature can step in
without unduly interfering with personal liberty,
and without pressing hardly on the industrious
poor, It is manifestly impossible to decree that no
mothers of families shall be allowed to work for
their living; but something might be done to
remedy the evil without rutting obstacles in the
way of those wives and mothers who are compelled
to labour for their families. It is possible to regu-
late the hours of labour on the principle of the
Factory Acts, which descend so much into detail as
to limit the ages at which children may be employed
in factories, and the number of hours they may
work. Something of this kind it is proposed to do
with regard to married women, and there is no
reason why the experiment should not answer
equally well; The women themselves have much
to consider—the displeasure of their employers, the
needs of their other children, the fear of losing
work, &e. The Legislature has but one thing to
do—to care for the lives and welfare of the popu-
lation, and to guard them from those evils from
which, through ignorance or necessity, they cannot
guard themselves.

The letter to the limes of yesterday concerning
the imprisonment of an English gentleman in
Cuba, details a case of great hardship, and it is
to be hoped that this affair will not be passed
over in the same indifferent manner which has so
often before characterised the proceedings of our
Government, It is quite evident that the chief
party to blame in the transaction was the com-
mandant of the Ulorro. This individual—doubt-
less for want of some excitement, or eager to prove
his zeal in the discharge of his duties—made him-
self very unnecessarily and disagreeably officious,
by meddling with two innocent and harmless tra-
vellers. It does not seem that there existed the
slightest ground of suspicion against the two gen-
tlemen who were wandering about in the vicinity
of the Ulorro. The slightest pretext that could
exist of permission being required to visit the
environs is done away with by the fact that the
friends met the Commandant at the commence-
ment of their expedition, and asked him where
they could procure some water. If it were contrary
to regulations thus to visit the place, why did he
not inquire whether they had the necessary privi-
leges ? instead of doing so, he only allowed them
to get ttirly into the trap, and then clutched his
I prey in the most *unceremonious fashion. The
inci-
dents related by the brother of the English gentle.
man so unjustly detained are calculated to arouse
the strongest indignation, for it seems as if the
authorities in the town, and the troops at the for-
tress vied with each other in brutality and harsh-
ness of treatment. This strange conduct was
the more remarkable, since one of the
travellers was well known in the place, his
brother-in-law being the physician to the garrison
at Santiago. This circumstance was well known at
Santiago, and yet no attention was paid to the
fact. It was not until Dr. BERTRAM went to the
English Consul that they were discharged from
custody. This is too great an affront to be passed
over in silence, and those who would counsel such
a course are greatly mistaken ; it is by allowing in.
cults offered to our countrymen abroad to be suf-
fered with impunity that our prestige among foreign
nations has been lowered. Surely the troops were
capable of keeping these gentlemen in honourable
detention until a messenger had been sent to the
city to report whet had passed, or they might have
been taken to Santiago at once. The fact was that
they were accused of taking plans of the fortifica-
tions, 'whereas they had not taken any materials for
such a purpose with them. If the commandant
acted under a mistaken notion, at least he might
have apologised for the error he had fallen into,
and also have shown more care in the confine-
ment of his prisoners. Nothing whatever was
proved against the accuser, and therefore there
was something very inconsistent in the whole
affair; there is not the excuse given that they
were trespassing that can be relied on, for it is
not usual among the inhabitants of the place to
obtain permission previously to visiting the for-
tress, and if an exception is to be made in the
case of foreigners, it ought to be announced in
such a place and manner that no mistake can
be made by ignorant newcomers, They were given
no food whatever during the nineteen hours they
were in charge of their gaolers, and it was not until
they reached Santiago the next morning that their
friends sent them some refreshment. This circuma
stance alone'proves the enormity of the conduct of
the authorities, because it was a shame, if the pri-
soners had friends or acquaintances in the place,
and it is to be presumed, according to evidence, that
had they been so situated they would have been
left to starve, or at all events to suffer great priva-
tions and injury to their health: They were
marched through the town on Sunday morning like
common prisoners under charge of a heavy crime,
and thus made a disgraceful spectacle. It is surely
too much to say that this is in conformity with the
rules and regulations of foreign countries, and
must, therefore be submitted to without a murmur.
It is not thus that reason speaks or justice should
decide upon a case. Without the shadow of a
charge that could be proved against him, an Eng-
lishman has been subjected to insults and hardships.
The Consul appears to have done his duty in insist-
ing upon his instant release, but something more
remains to be done by those in authority at home.
They must demand an apology to be made for this
outrage, so that the world may see that our sub-
jects are net to be tamely insulted and
wantonly ill-treated to suit the fancies of
testy commandants of fortresses and tyran-
nous governors of cities. The brother of
Mr. GOODMAN, concludes his letter very properly
in these words—" I am sure that your readers will
join with me in the hope that the matter may be
duly attended to by her MAJESTY'S Government,
and that they will at least demand an explanation
and apology from the Spanish authorities for this
disgraceful outrage eu the person of one of her

MAJESTY'S subjects.

This is no more than is rea-

aonable to expect, and all who rightly comprehend
the importance of such a question in an abstract
form, apart from its personal and individual coml.
derations, will acknowledge that it must not be
allowed to drag into obscurity. It may suit the
whims of the Foreign Office to take no notice of the
affair, but it comes to this, why have we Ministers
at all if it is too much trouble for them to be on the
alert when the interests of the subject are at stake.
Of what avail are all the hosts of officials if amidst
them no. care can be taken of English rights. Ac-
cording to the advice generally tendered now-a-
days, it would seem as if the best thing every one
can do is to stay at home. But this is not in accord-
ance with the love of enterprise and the rovin,s,
spirit always displayed by Englishmen, and it seems
a disgrace to the adminhtraticn of our day if it is
no longer possible for our countrymen to be pro-
tected. If the arbitrary regulations of other States
permit them to put their own subjects into prisons
not fit for human beings to enter, and keep them an
immense time without food or drink, on visionary
charges of impracticable offences, it is not too much
to demand that an exception be made in favour
of her MAJESTY'S subjects, and that a little more
respect be shown to this country. Also, when
the charge cannot be substantiated, and it has been
proved that all the indignity has been suffered for
nothing, ample apology should be made to the party
who has sustained the gratuitous insult. It is all
very fine to argue in a circle, tut this is the only
correct form of viewing the matter, and it remains
to be seen whether proper notice will be taken of
it, It is time for some attention to be paid to
these things, or the pebp:e of this country will
find that so many injurious precedents have been
established that they will have a hard struggle to
maintain their rights abroad.

Mr Alfred Mellon is engaged in the preparation
of a Quadrille, certain to become popular, to be called the
"Toole and Bedford Quadrille," introducing various well
known Adelphi airs, including that of the " Norrible Tale.'
—The Con:t.
" GOOD NEWS" E. 110211 " OLD DRURY."—A round
as of that of the old, pleasant, and peculiarly play.
going time, reaches us from Drury-lane. There, Shakspere
is sbout to can a new and splendid course. Old Drury will
indeed Open its approaching campaign with the "Henry
the Fourth" which was one of the great features of last
season; but this will only be by way of introduction, as it
were, to the Second Part of the same chronicle play, which
is to follow.. In October, " Cymbeline" will be restored,
with great magnificence, to the stage—Miss Helen Faucit
returning to it to enact Imogen. Mr Phelps will play his
old part of Posthumus, and Mr Creswick is happily cast for
lachimo. Still true to Shakspere, Messrs. Falconer and
Chatter:on will next produce " Macbeth," in a style of
great scenic grandeur, and with all the appliances of Lock's
music and the choruses. Miss Faucit and Mr Phelps will
sustain the principal characters. This speaks of bustling
times in Shakaperian revivals; added to which, there will
be a new romantic play, by Mr Theodore Martin, the
heroine of which will be acted by Miss Faucit. For the
after part of the season, the prospect is equally brilliant.
A DISII OF STEWED PIG Two THOUSAND YEARS
OLD !—(Allusion being here made to the age of the
dish, not of the pig I)—Among the relics of a house (re-
cently discovered at Pompeii) preserved in the local museum,
says a Neapolitan correspondent of the ..dthenaum, is one
which throws a curious light on the domestic arrangements
of the Pompeian baker, being no other than one of the
dishes which were actually in process of preparation for
dinner on the very day of the catastrophe I Upon the cook-
ing-stove in the kitchen was found a stew-pan, half filled
with ashes, and in the bottom appeared an indurated mass,
which Signor Fiorelli rightly conjectured to have been
produced by some of the viands which lay within the pan,
and which, although long since decomposed, had left
their impress on the now consolidated ashes. Acting upon
this happy thought, he applied in this instance the same
ingenious process which was so successfully adopted
in reproducing that painfully life-like group of human
figures, described with such terrible fidelity in one of your
former numbers ; and the result has fully justified his anti-
cipations, being an exact facsimile in bronze of a young
pig, which was being stewed for the family dinner at the
very moment when they were surprised by the stroke of
doom.

GREAT FIRE.--DARTFORD, Tuesday Morning.—
A. fire of a very alarming and destructive character,
and nearly attended with fatal results to a whole family,
happened in the wed known old hostelrie, the Eight Bells,
High-street, in this town. The discovery was made by
one of the local constabulary about two o'clock in the morn-
ing, et which time Mr "Woodyear, the landlord, his wife,
and six children, were in their beds asleep. By repeated
knocking at the door the inmates were made aware of their
impending danger, but they were unable, owing to the
violence of the flame,s, to effect a retreat by the staircase,
and it was feared that the whole family would have perished.
Fortunately a ladder was procured, and the endangered
persons were saved. The flames rose so high through the
roof as to ignite the adjoining premises of Mr W. H, Smith,
oil, cekur, and Italian warehouseman, when the destruc-
tion of every building near appeared certain. The engines
of the parish, the Royal Exchange, and the Kent fire-offices
quickly attended, as well as Mr Superintendent White with
a powerful engine belonging to the corporation of Gravesend,
No time was lost in getting this force into lull play; but,
iu spite of the water thrown upon the flames, they con-
tinued their ravages, and the mastery could not be accom-
plished until the entire building, except three rooms, was
destroyed, and the roof burned off. The premises of Mr
Smith have the roof burned off, the back rooms, first floor,
and atcics, used as warehouses, partially destroyed. The
property belonging to Mr J. Kerr, linendraper, is also
~nuch damaged by water, &0., and part of the roof is de-
stroyed. The total loss, which is considerable, will fall upon
the Phoenix, Kent, and Suu fire offices. The fire, it is sup-
posed, was caused by some partially smoked tobacco falling
between the timing boards in the parlour.
THE LATE JOSEPH LOCKE, M.P.—On Friday
last Baron Marochetti visited Barnsley for the put.
pose of arranging the site on which to place his bronze
statue of the late Mr. Locke, the engineer. The place
selected is the Locke-park, some little time since presented
to the inhabitants by Mrs. Locke, in remembrance of her
husband's early connexion with the town, and the deep in-
terest he took in all that related to its progress and pros-
perity. It is expected that this statue, which will be on a
granite pedestal, will be permanently fixed in about a
month,

THE SYSTEM OF GRANTING P nBLIC•HOUSE
LICENCES —Yesterday, the aenual licensing sessions
for the borough of Liverpool was opened before a full oench
of magistrates, and, before the applications were heard,
several of the magistrates gave expressions to their views
Upon the subject of granting new licenses. It having been
stated by the clerk to the justices, in answer to a question
put by Mr Robertson Gladstone, that of the 64 new licenses
granted in 1861, none of the holders of these had been fined,
and only six fined who had licensee granted in 1862 and
1363. It was stated by Mr Stitt that, in fernier years, it
had been the habit of the court to take into •onsideration
the wants of the neighbourhood, but the Act Jf Parliament
only required them to inquire into the fitness of the person
applying, and the accommodation which the applicant's
house afforded. It was an ascertained fact, that beer-houses
were productive of much more evil in the shape of drunken•.
nees than the regularly licensed public-houses that were
under the control of the magistrates ; and the records of the
court showed that the offences against the law, whether for
Sunday trading or permitting drunkenness, were eleven-
sixteenths by beer-houses as compared with five-sixteenths
by public-houses. He ()Ir Stitt) would grant licenses to
all men that applied whose premises were sufficient, Mr
Robertson Gladstone said th people who were now enjoy-
ing a license were enjoying a monopoly, and although there
were people who held conscientiously that to increase the
number of public-houses increased facilities were given for
people to get drink, he could not see, unless persons holding '
licenses were willing to give a bond to the bench that they
would not sell more than at present, that drunkenness
would not increase. But supposing such a guarantee could
be given that no publican would extend his business, he
wished to know who would undertake to say how the
quantity already offered for sale, and sold daily, was to be
distributed amongst the community. They had for years
been endeavouring to put down monopolies, and if men of
good character were refused licenses for fit houses, he could
not think that it was not giving publicans a monopoly.
This opinion appeared to be concurred in generally, and the
bench proceeded to hear applications. Throughout the day
the magistrates granted applications to beer-house keepers
who had not been tined, and to people of good character.
A MATRIMONIAL ROMANCE AT QUEENSTOWN,—
Within the past few days an instance occurred at
Queenstown of extraordinary promptitude and decision in
the fulfilment of a matrimonial engagement. At the last
regatta ball, a captain in her lelrjesty's land forces became
the conquest of Miss 3—, a young lady who has been
spoken of as " one of the nicest girls in Queenstown ;" and,
immediately after, the nuptials were arranged to come off
two or three months hence. The gallant officer received on
Monday last an unexpected order to join his corps in Hali •
fax, and as that altogether destroyed the previous arrange •
meat as to time of their marriage, the affianced pair quietly
wended their way to the church on Wednesday morning,
had the ceremony performed without any bother or display,
and the Hecht that evening bore this most exemplary of
lovers and his pretty wife towards the shores of the New
World,— Cork ,llorak,

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

GREECE.

ATHENS, AUG. 29.

An insulting letter addressed to the King by a
member of the Opposition, gave rise to an excited
sitting of the Assembly on the 26th inst.

Exasperation prevailed in the capital, and pro-
tests were signed by large numbers of persons.
On Friday the Assembly expressed its indig-
nation at the letter by a raDjority of 193 to 27, 28
members abstained from voting.

LISBON, AUG, 29.

The Royal Mail Steampacket Company's ship
Oneida has arrived here from Brazil, &c., and
will leave this evening for Southampton with 61
passengers, 547 rolls of tobacco, 250 bags of coffee,
and 147 barrels of tapioca. The Parana left St.
Vincent far Brazil on the evening of the 20th
August.

THE CONGRESS AT MALINES.

Yesterday, Monday, the 29th instant, the pro-
ceedings of this the Sfc)nd Congress at Malines
were formally inaugurated; when—according to
L' Opinion Nationale, not only did M. Leopold de
Gaillard fail to make his appearance, but other
personages of far more importance were looked for
in vain—among these latter M. le Comte de Mon-
taletnbert, M. de Broglie, M. Cochin, and Monsignor
l'Eveque d'Orle ans.

FRANCE.

The 7oulonnais says—" The steamer Dix•

Decembre is preparing to leave this port at the
beginning of September to lay down the submarine
electric cable between Oran and Carthagena in
Spain. This submersion will be superintended by
M. Ploix, naval engineer. The steam despatch
boat Eclaireur, which is at present on the coast of
Algeria, will assist in the operation."
The Akhbar of Algiers records a lamentable
accident which caused the death of M. Purchet a
master well-sinker, who has been successfully en-
gaged for some time past in making Artesian
wells in the colony. He was on the day of
the Emperor's fete, at Maison-Blanche, superintend-
ing the boring of a well, when he ascended a scaf-
folding about 30 feet high, in the hope of being
able to catch a sight of the fireworks at Algiers.
From some cause unknown, he became giddy and
fell from the platform, and was so severely injured

that he died a day or two afterwards.
" Baron Ayme d'Aequin, recently appointed
Minister of France in Morocco," says the dl oniteur, ,
" arrived at Tangier on the 21st, on board the
steamer Jura, of the Imperial navy, After anchor-
ing, she fired a salute of 20 guns, which was imme-
diately returned by the fortress of the town. O❑
leaving the vessel the lion. Minister was saluted,
according to established usage, with 17 guns, and

the cannon of the town fired a similar salute when he
reached the shore. On landing the baron was re-
ceived by Siddi-Mohamed-Bargache, the Sultan's
Minister for Foreign Affairs., and by all the mem-
bers of the French Legation. At the gate of the
town, the Pacha governing the province awaited
the baron's arrival, and accompanied him, with an
escort of honour, to the hotel of the Legation."

The Siecle has the following :—"The secondary
States of the Germanic Confederation appear still
to wish to strive with the two German Sovereigns,
who are prepared to set themselves up as Suzerains
of the small kingdoms or principalities. By what
expedient will the small Powers be able to neutra-
lise the absorbing action of Prussia and Austria,
which countries are united in the same feeling of
ambition ? This question is asked with uneasiness.
The abandonment of Denmark by the Western
Powers has released William I. and Francis•
Inseph from the danger of a European war.
They are masters at home ; they may exercise a
sovereign empire over Germany, and in any
European question that may arise, they mo:cover
count on tho support of the Emperor of Russia, who
is quite decided, notwithstanding the deplorable
state of his finances, to march in ciao of need to the
aid of absolutism. The Russian Correspondence of
St_ Petersburg contains the most precise details of
the financial situation of the Russian empire. There
is no difficulty at arriving at the conclusion that the
situation, instead of improving, is becoming more
and more critical. A few days back the rate of
exchange was thought to have reached its lo west
term ; the last price list, however, proves the con-
trary, and the Russian Correspondence makes no
secret of the fact that the Treasury is now in a des-
perate state."

In consequence of order; sent from Paris, says the
Journal du Havre," to the maritime authorities of
the different ports to hasten the departure of the ves-
sels selected to bring back from Mexico the troops
which are to return to France in October, three
transports sailed in the middle of last week, and
two others, the Mire Meuse, left Brest on Friday,
Four more are destined fos the same service. All
these vessels are to rendezvous at Martinique. They
will arrive together at Vera Cruz, and begin to
embark the troops withcut delay."
The bulletin of the Paris Observatory gives the
following as the atmospheric state of Europe yes-
terday—" The fa '1 in the barometer has made fresh
progress on the coasts of Portugal and on the
western coasts of France. Tne wind is strong from
the S.W. at Corunna, although it has remained
from the N.E. on the coasts Df the Atlantic. The
probability is that the squall which has already
been felt at Corunna will soot reach the shores of
the Atlantic and the Channel. The sky is generally
fine, or only slightly cloudy,"—Since Saturday
the barometer at Paris has slightly fallen ; it has
again reached 768, without any tendency either
up or down.

BOURSE, Aug. 29.—The market has been rather
more animated, and prices have slightly improved.
Threes, for the Account, are now at 66fr. 40c., and
Mobilier at 1,012 fr. 50c. Railway Nfarket quiet,
but with previous quotations up to the present time
pretty well maintained. The market again became
heavy towards the close, and left off as follows :-
41 per Cents 94 50
Do. end month —
3 per Cents
Do. end month 66 35
Credit Mobilier.... 1008 75
Do. end month 1008 75
Bank Shares 339,5
Credit Fonder 1220
Roman .....
76

Italian Loan 67 60
Do. end month 67 70
Ditto Threes ..
New Mexican .... 56 25
Russian
Austrian
Spanish Threes —
Home Debt ..
Deferrei

BAIL'

rA.YB.
Cash. Account.
888 75 .. 890
986 25 ..
916 25 .. 915
635 .. 636 25
522 50 ..
495 .. 495
348 75 .. --
436 25 .. 435
638 75 .. 540
408 75 .. 410
NO .. 497 50
215 .. 210

Orleans
Northern
Lyons and Mediterranean
Southern
Western
Eutern
Sardinian
Austrian
Lors bard
North of Spain
Saragossa..
Ditto to Barcelona

ALGIERS.

The .4khbar of Algiers has the subjoined intel.

,ligence :—" The insurrection movement in the south
of the subdivision of Medeah has not made any
fresh progress. The rebel tribes are in the neigh,
bourhood of Bel Kheitar, suffering much from want
of water and pasturage. They send by night goums
who endeavour to take in their silos the corn which
they have left there. On the 19th a rather consi-
derable number of horsemen from Zenakra Mahon-
cha advanced so close to Boghar that a part of the
garrison was obliged to march against them. After
having exchanged shots with the genres attached
to the French s3rvice, the hcrserxn retired, before
the arrival of the French troops. Those marauderswho
thus return towards the abandoned encampments
of their tribes render communications between
Boghar and Djelfa impossible. They have among
them MM. Dollard and d'Equilles, as well as the
men who despoiled and ill-treated some carmen
and pillaged their waggons. Those murders, rob-
beries, and acts of brigandage are the object of
judicial investigations which, when tranquillil
shall have been re-established, will throw all the
responsibility on the really guilty persons. They