The Sun.
London, England, 1852-06-03 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING-,

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE,
OXFORD-STREET.
Under the Managewent of Mr. CHARLES KEAN.
Mr. and airs. CHARLES ICE AN respectfully inform the pulolic,
that their BENEFIT will take place on MONDAY, June 14, on
which occision will be represented a new and original PLAY, in
dye acts, by the author of " The Wife's Secret," and, for the first
ciime, a new DRAMA, in three acts.
Places and Boxes to be taken a: the Box-office ; and of Mr. Sean,
Torrington-square.

BATTY'S GRAND NATIONAL HIPPO.
DROME,

Opposite the Broad Walk, Kensington-garters,
Is now OPEN for the Season
To-Day, a Grand Balloon Ascent in the itoyal Hippodrome
Balloon, at Six o'clock.
Mr. 8., in announcing his Second Season, and gratefully remem-
bering the liberal patronage bestowed upon past performances, begs
leave to state that he has spared neither pains nor expense in select-
ing the best Artiote from the principal Continental and Foreign
Amphitheatres, to realise the spirit -stirring scenes and exciting con-
tests of the Curiculurn, for which the Romans were EO famous; and
to ensure a perfect production of the various scones, the celebrated
Henri Franconi, founder of the Parisian Hippodrome, has been en-
gaged, under whose superintendence the numerous Stud of Trained
Home, Ponies, Stags, Ostriches, Elephants, &c., will be introduced
from time to time, forming the most complete tout ensemble of
Antique Pastimes ever witnessed in England.
A splendid Brass Band will be in attendance.
Admission—P.eserved Seats, 3s. ; First Class, 2s. ; Second ditto.
Is.; Third ditto, 6d.

Doors open at Five, to commence at Six precisely.

ROYAL MARIONETTE TREAT RE,
ADELAIDE-STREET, WEST STRAND.
TillS EVENING, and every evening daring the week,
Will be presented PUNCH A LA ROMAINE.
To be followed by a grand Ethiopian Musical Entertainment by
an extraordinary Troupe of Ebony Marionettes.
To be followed by an entirely new version of the Grand Eastern
Spectacle of ALADDIN ; or, The Wonderful Lamp, produced with
all the vast resources of tits small establishment.
To conclude with a new Italian Divertissement, entitled EL NANO
DEL VELLAGIS.
Doers open at half-past Seven, and commence at Eight o'clock.
A Morning Performance on Saturday next. Doors open at gay.
Past Two, and commence at Three o'clock.
Private Boxes and Studs to be had, at the Box-office of the
Theatre, and of all the principal Librarian,.

MAJESTY'S THEATRE.
--GRRA'N-D EXTRA NIGHT.
rAsQUALE— ERNNL
DOv
THIS EVENLNGA
,
Will be presented Donizetti's admired Opera,
DON PASQUALE.
Don Pasqua/a, Signor Lablache ; Ernesto, Signor Calzolari ; Dr.
Malatesta*
Signor Ferranti ; Norina,‘ Madame de la Grange.
With the last act of
ERNA NI.
rlvira, Madlle. sone Cruvelli ; Eraani, Signor Calzolari ; Ruy
Gomez, Signor Belletti ; logo, Signor Fortini ; Carlo V., Signor
Ferlotti.
To conclude with a rew Ballet Divertissement by M. Gosselin, the
music composed and arranged by M. Vadaud, entitled
LA FETE DES ROSIERES.
ry Madile. Carolina Rosati, Madlles. Rosa, Esper, Lamoreuz, and
Allegrini ; MM. Di Mattia, Venafra, Gouriet, and Mathieu.
Applications for Boxes, Stalls, and Tickets to be made at the Box-
office, Opera Colonnade, Haymarket.

ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN.
GRAND EXTRA NIGHT.
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed Meyerbeer's Grand Opera,
LES HUGUENOTS.
Valentina, Madame Grisl ; Margarita di Valois, Madame Castel-
lan; Dama d'Onore, Madile. Cottl; ITrbano, hladlle. Seguin ; Mar-
cello, Herr Formes ; II Conte di San Ilris, Signor Polonlni ; Il Conte
de Severs, Signor Tagliafico ; De Cosse, Signor Luigi Mei ; De Retz,
Signor Gregorio ; the Hugenot Soldier, Signor Soldi ; Meru, Signor
Rommi; Raul di Nangis, Signor Mario.
The Incidental Divertissement will be supported by Madlles. Ko-
lemberg, and Leblond; M. Flasse and M. Ruault.
Composer, Director of Music, and Conductor, Mr. Costa.
The performances commence at Eight o'clock precisely.
Tickets for the Boxes, Stalls, or the Pit may be had ,for the
Night or Season), at the Box-office of the Theatre, which is open
from Eleven till Five o'clock ; and of the principal librarians and
Mnsicsellers.

TITEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Mr. B Webster, Sole Lessee and Manager, Old trompton.
THIS EVENING,

Will be performed an entirely new comic Drama, entitled MIND
YOUR c' BUSINESS, by 3lessrs. B. Webster, Leigh Murray,
Buckstone, and Keeley ; Mrs. Stirling, Miss Reynolds, &c.
After which a new Burlesque on a frightfully popular subject, to
be called 0, GEMINI; or, th:s Brothers of Co(u)rse. Characters by
Messrs. Buckstoue, Bland, Woolger ; Mesdames Buckingham, Col-
lins. Caulfield. Honey. &c.
To conclude with BOX AND COX, by Messrs. Keeley and Buck-
stone.

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPIH.
Lessee, Mr. 13. Webster ; Directress, Madame Celeste.
THIS EVP 'NG ,
_ . _

Will be performed SEA and LAND. Characters by Messrs. Paul
Bedford, Wright, Hughes, 0. Smith, Worrell, Emery ; Misses Ellen
Chaplin, K. Fitzwilliain, and Mis. Keeley.
After which, a devilish new Extravaganza, called MEPHISTO-
PHELES. Characters by Mr. Honey, Jlis. Fitzwilliam, and Miss
Woolgar.
To conclude with OCIIe,NATIONAL DEFENCES.

I:0 VAL PRINCESS'S THEITRE, OXFORD-STREET.
tinder the Management of Mr. C. Bean.
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed the CORSICAN BROTHERS. Principal
characters by Messrs. C. Kean, A. Wigan, Ryder, Meadows, J.
Vining, J. Chester ; Mims Phillips, Murray, Robertson, and C.
Lec:ercq.
After which the BENGAL TIGER, in which Mr. and Mrs. A.
Wigan will perform.
Lo conclude with THE CRITIC, in which Messrs. A. Wigan,
Harley, Meadows, J. Yining, Addison; Mrs. Daly, and Mrs. A.
Wigan will appear.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Under the Management of Madame Vestris.
Oiele Lessee, Mr. Charles Mathews.
THIS EVENING,
Will be pertormea

'III?. GAME OF SPECULATION. Principal character 3 ky
IlTessrs. C. Mathews, F. Matthews, R. Roxby, B. Baker ; Mrs. C.
llocu, and Miss M. Oliver.

TAKING BY STORM.

FAMILY JARS.

After which

To coucltide with

ASTLEn• ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.

Under the Patronage of her Majesty and his Roy :1 Highness
Prince Albert.
Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Batty.
The most successful and popular Theatre in London.
THIS EVENDIG,

Will be presented the gorgeous Equestrian Spectacle of ST.
GEORGE and the DRAGON. t,t. George, Mr. Alfred Cooke.
To be iollowed by Batty's Inimitable Scenes of the Arena, Intro-
ducing the most numeroas equestrian company in Europe.
To conclude with a Laughable farce.
Tickets to be had at the Box-office from Eleven till Four daily.
Stage Manager, Mr. Leclercq.

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.
Open for the Season,
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday.
Exhibition of Danson's Colossal Daylight View of MOUNT
ETNA and the CAVES of VULCAN and the CYCLOPS—Splendid
and interesting Menagerie—Promenade Concert by Godfrey's on..
rivalled Military Band—Various Amusing Novelties—Concluding at
Dusk with a Grand Pyrotechnic Exhibition by Messrs. South by,
representing the Interior or the Mountain (the Pandemonium of the
Ancients), with the Caverns and Forges of Vulcan and his Cyclops,
the whole terminating with the Eruption of Mount Etna and a
Grand Tableau on the Lake of Thetis, and the Nereiads receiving the
Armour of Achilles.
Doors' open from Nine A.m. Feeding the Animals at Five. Con-
cert at Half-past Six. Fireworks about Half-past Nine.
ADMISSION, ONE SHILLING.

CREMORNE GARDENS.
Open for the SeaFon.
THIS EVENING

An uninterrupted succession of Entertainments from Three o'clock

until near Midnight, including

A new Ballet—Vocal and Instrumental Concert—The Kafir Chiefs
—Mons. Pochez and his Comical Dogs—Professor Taylor and his Son
the double-sighted Youth—Madre. Violante's performances on the
Tight Rope—The Cremorne Band, conducted by M. Bosisio—Bran-
don Ledgers's Troupe of Ethiopian Ilarmonista—Dancing on the
Platform, &e., &c.

Open at Three o'clock.
Admission, Is.; Children, Half-price.

HUGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
DAT —adorning 15 min. after 2 Evening 39 min after 2
ob-lifeasow-3dornlng 1 min. alter 3 Evening 24 mm atter 3

THE WEATHER.—Sort OFricE, JUNE 3.
TiLiVINOMMIt, iDT TAU SHAME.
highest slack, ac on yesterday.
4§"."4ovreat this morning and during the night.
57.-43115 day, at ncon,

BABOBIBTIO, 29.83.
W IND V .B•NV • ---Str on g breeze and cloudy, with slight rain
at intervals.

Win'A. ----
WEATHER TABLE.
------
Slate of thci d
cr
of
latitude,
and Weather at each of the following
places at Nine o'clock v,,, ,_
sr arranged in ordmorning.-The stations
,PLYMOUTH--Wind W., strong breeze-rain.
.
roaTardouTs-WAn d E., gemie brew- rain.
'it3l, breeze-overcast.
EasTriteol-SVind S.W., a: Tong br"ze-oyercast.
SouTtu.l.Er roff -Wind S.W., atr, eeze--partially cloudy.
FoLKX-STOICF.-- Wind S.W.,
TV:4IBEIDGE-W , gentle bre:eartiall cloudy.
frOsh
GREEN WICEf Wind- S., strong br:,: partially cloudy.
5,,rA009....-wind W., gentle break,.....ar"-t, Partially cloudy.
--' flwvia)on--Viind S.W., gentle bre.....tlY cloudy.
C,;;LolijisTEr4-,liiind S. NV., gentle.breeze_'
1.._ A.,‘,444,u4ix.,,,piiiid. S, W., strong brefz,,__Paartially cloudy.
t. .T4t.hrApuni-Wind S.W.. s%r°D, g oreZe---pPart
Ilaially cloudy.
.. IIY cloud
" - The retuns.from tha following places izal__ y.
the wind and weAtber on . Tu4b.y . :mos-Z.' tue etat„f
o'clock :-- Lug at :line
- ' 3
10.,,Pur4ex-Wind E.. calm- partiakly cloudy.
:..1.1.7.1.Ln1can---:Wind E. geniis breeze-Oyercast.
PLizouvii--W.1...ci W., gentle breeze --p'artially cloudy.
.P4''Llt-Wind S-.W., gr...--tle breeze-cloudless,
S”ertrtc.ctx--Wind N.W.. light breeze partially cloudy.
- HOZYTIITAD - W ind N W., t.tev...itie- breeze-partially cloud
Vn,y
SCAST K.E.—Wilid N Ml ,;-, gentle breeze-partially Cloud
r-Wind N.,-gentle.hreezo-nrincipa.lly clear.
s, w '
,oke--..V And_ W.. gentle breeze- partially cioudy.
jEtzArxocK__ _
.e p
Wind N.W., gentle breeze-partially cloudy.
__ ,

• •k 3;
44. T • z
4
,ir )"' • ;\
.64rer t:1: ( 2; 6
•

A
,IL/"/jUZIMIIt
LONDON, THURSDAY JUNE 3, 1852.

Fortunately for the people of England, the apathy
of the Legislature does not appear to diminish the
enterprise of individuals. Were it otherwise the
country woull be destined, we fear, to witness very
little improvement either in the social or political
condition of the general community. As illustrative
of our meaning upon this point, it is only necessary
to remind the public of the extraordinary progress
made in the sanitary movement-, during the last sixteen
or seventeen years, h ,pito of the apparent indiffer-
ence of the Parliament and of the lamentable procras-
tination of the Goveroment. Although officially i nothing practical in the
desired direction has been
yet accomplished, the reyition ha; been so widely
agitated and so perseveringly
explained, so enforced
by argument and re-enforced by statistleal revela-
tions, that there is perhap no other snhject of equal
.:.impurtance more ccnipleterly or thoroughly under-
stood by the population. This fact has been recog-
nised, indeed, only very recently, by the leader of the
lusting Cabinet Scarcely a month bas elapsed since !

the Earl of DERBY alluded to the necessity for some
immediate and comoreheosive sanitary innovations as
a matter of utual notoriety. Now, we would
simply inquire, how does it come to pass that such is
the case with the Ministry inactive, and the Legisla-
ture negligent ? It comes exclusively from the humane
efforts of private well-wishers of the community! It
arises entirely from the benevolent assiduity of those
very philanthropists who are usually spoken of by
men of business and members of Administrations as
fantastic dreamers, or crackbrained enthusiasts. To
the efforts of these large-hearted and industrious bene-
factors of the community, are the people indebted for
the exposure of evils which, but for their beneficent
perseverance, might have remained unnoticed and
unsuspected. Foremost among all the sanitary re-
formers we have always placed, and must always
continua to place, Mr. GEORGE ALFRED WALKER,
the man who first revealed the atrocious abomina-
tions of intramural interments. By his per-
sonal exertions in collecting evidence of those
very horrible practices, and by his numerous works,
recounting the result of his singularly repulsive in-
vestigations, he first opened the eyes of the people to
the demoralizing influence and the desolating atmo-
sphere in the midst of which the sin and the disease
in our larger cities are engendered. In this manner
he may be said to have originated the sanitary move-
ment as indisputably as COLUMBUS originated the
scheme of navigating the waters of the Atlantic. To
his endeavours, and the endeavours of those who have
emulated his proceedings, we owe the disclosure of
facts such as must eventually lead to some very extra-

ordinary improvements.
Meanwhile the Press, it must be admitted, has been
not altogether inactive. Scercely a journal pubs
lished in the United Kingdom has refrained from la-
, bowing in the good cause, disseminating by this
means truths of the most beneficial tendency through-
out the population. Provincial as well as metropo-
litan organs have participated in this advocacy of the
required innovation. At first one or two almost so-
litary voices were heard—the cry was then gradually
taken up in other directions—and ultimately
the principal portion of the fourth estate
may be said to have broken out into a chorus of
unanimity. For ourselves, we may maintain without
arrogance our right to the credit of having from the
outset insisted upon the necessity of carrying out
the proposed changes with rapidity and comprehen-
siveness. Yet, up to the present moment, notwith-
standing the arduous labours of Mr. G. A. WALKER,
notwithstanding the assiduous efforts of the Press,
both provincial and metropolitan, nothing whatever
of importance has been Effected for the diminution
of the evils complained of, or for the preven-
tion of the continuance of these long ex-
posed intramural abominations. Insomuch so,
that the Great Delineator of human
Life, the most popular Author of his Age, CHARLES
DICKENS, can write in his new story, Bleak House,
page 106, when recording the funeral of Nemo,
that the beadle, with his pauper company, " hears off
the body of our dear brother here departed, to a
hemmed.in churcbyare, pestiferous and obscene,
whence malignant diseases are communicated to the
bodies of our dear brothers and sisters who have not
departed ; while our dear brothers and sisters who
hang about official back-stairs—would to Heaven
they had departed !—are very complacent and
agreeable." Thus, continues the Master-No-
velist, "Into a beastly scrap of ground
which a Turk would reject as a savage
abomination, and aKafir would shudder at, they bring
our dear brother, here departed, to receive Christian
burial." Yet more accurate, if possible, is the de-
scription which follows—a description as exact in its
verisimilitude as it is noble and persuasive in its elo-
quence:—" With houses looking on, on every side,
save where a reeking little tunnel of a court gives
access to the iron gate—with every villany of life in
action close on death, and every poisonous ele-
ment of death in action close on life—here
they lover our dear brother down a foot or
two : here sow him in corruption, to be raised
in corruption : an avenging ghost at many a sick
bedside: a shameful testimony to future ages how
civilization and barbarism walked this boastful island
together. Come night," he cries, " come darkness,
for you cannot come too soon, or stay too long, by
such a place as this ! Come, straggling lights, into
the windows of the ugly houses; and you who do ini-
quity therein, do it at least with this dread scene
shut out ! Come, flame of gas, burning so sullenly
above the iron gate, on which the poisoned air deposits
its witch-ointment, slimy to the touch ! It is well
that you should call to every passer-by, 'Look
here !' " Solemn words, and very touching and beau-
tiful in their solemnity—words through which Genius
has acknowledged that the horrors of Fiction may be
enhanced and rendered yet more fearful by the grim
and sordid horrors of Reality.

Everywhere, indeed, it would appear, there is the
recognition of a necessity for sanitary improvements,
saving and excepting within the walls of the Impe-
rial Legislature. Everywhere the atrocity of the
system of intramural interment is appreciated,
everywhere the perils of its evil consequences are
understood, saving and excepting always within the
hallowed precincts of the Parliament. A Metropoli-
tan Interment Bill, it is true, has been passed,
and efforts have subsequently been made to
bring about the possibility of its amend-
ment ; but hitherto the enactment, as we
ourselves predicted from the first, has proved
wholly and lamentably inoperative. A commission
inno
tdhoeu
nbf
at he ba ene idn
d nrsatwa
ngd.
rdnuo :i nIl3 go
ft hGe
wl ays few
yrHyoeuasres,
but hitherto without any other result that can be
seen, but the printing of many pounds weight of blue
books filled to repletion with an interminable and
fruitless correspondence. These peculiarities, both
on the part of the Legislature and on the part of the
Government, should, we submit, be borne very
carefully in the remembrance of the electors on the
the occasion of the ensuing dissolution of the House
of Commons. Upon the Sanitary Question, not less
than on the Free-trade Question, or the Parliamen-
tary Reform Question, or the Financial Retrenchment
Question, or the Education Question, the possessors
of the franchise should be curious and vigilant. They
should evince no negligence upon this head in their
cross-examination of the various candidates. For
upon the settlement of the demand for sanitary inno-

vations, and first of all, of course, for the great

and exigent innovations relating to intramural
interments, depends, possibly, for the next seven
years, the comfort, the morality, the health, nay, the
very existence of a large portion of the community.
How far we are accurate in so speaking, may be
comprehended when we remark, in addition
to what has been already here observed,
that upon the state of the City grave-yards,

or upon the trtatment of what has been (in a
two-fold sense) aptly called the "Dead Man's
Question," depends in a frightful manner the amount
of the annual mortality.

The l
engn
th d paroxysm of distress with which
Ireland has
lengthened
visited has to so great an extent
monopolised
calamities
public mind in England as regards
the
Celtic population
in our days have thickened
round the
apprehend
directed
avery
inconsiderable portion of attention
le population of these islands, that we
hWasesbteerenn illgillol.snsau te oci.
from the
the
eicptreeds
press'"
condition l
woof r
tthhye
these
states and Islands of Scotland. A little
coofnstihsit:,
unaposiethuiloeeorhgyi.irsi tphaemppehrlue perusal a Justl t' • those who may feel interested in the
i, , remote andt
o tthe
w romanticrit
eregions.
tracedTPr lleiseut
unhappy
Cobs gate
f circumstances
jornl v accordingiii g a complex element.
consideration it is
Celtic
iossible to overlook the
In this
which
of which the
prominent incontro-
vertibly Far less adapted than .
pinonpautleatcihonartahceterer
is the Anglo-Saxon
to occupy a a rest
competitive society like that in active g
st-
ence at the present day. The pure exi
is deficient in progressive Even Celt.
and enterprise.
Wales, integrally connected for five hundred yearsn
with England, there ia, with smzill
exception, an ab-
sence of befitting commercial activity
" The history of Great Britain tells us,.
saythe
writer, " that till alien blood becomes largely min-
gled with that of the inhabitants of
the
purely Celtic portions of the three king-
doms, the latter must ever continue to be a

"The True Causes of Distrus in the Western High-
lands and Illnnds of Scotland." By Wallace Harvey.
London: Ridgway, 1852.

serious social drag on those other portions of our
empire, where a population pe .-4:-.sing the essential
requirements of civiiization support, by a well-
directed industry, the dignity and honour of a great
national name." And it is observable, that in the
Northern Highlands, Ross, Sutherland, and Inver-
ness, where the Celt is considerably modified by a
Scandinavian or Saxon admixture, no such appalling
distress h to be heard of as that witnessed in
the west. But the grand root of the evil
is to be found in the policy, or rather
want of policy, of the landed proprietors.

That class have, through a long and steady course of
bad management, brought themselves to pretty much

the same pass as the Irish landlords. It is a fact that
the landed property in the Highlands is at the
present moment burdened to the extent of upwards
of 75 per cent—the average amount of burden over
the whole of Ireland prior to the operation of the
Encumbered Estates Act. It is manifestly impos-
sible that men mortgaged and encumbered chin deep

can, even with the best intention, aid or assist, them-
selves impoverished, their impoverished tenantry and

dependants. The landlord cannot, in self-defence, with
a fearful amount of yearly interest gnawing at his vitals,
afford to make a remission of rent in bad years. He
cannot in this manner supply the tenant with capital to
enable him to use those proper and necessary ap-
pliances for the requisite cultivation of the soil.
" Necessity on the part of the landlord to keep up
his annual interest, forces him to exact the
pound of flesh from the tenant, and from a certain
peculiar attachment which the Celtic people, beyond
any other, seem to have for the soil of their birth,
they are induced, year after year, to submit to the
hard terms, rather than remove to some other lo-
cality, where, possibly, a new mode of industry might
be opened up for them." But, as in this unnatural

state of things, matters must be becoming daily
worse, the unhappy tenant, before any great distance
of time, goes to utter ruin. Would not, then, the
adoption of such a measure as is in Ireland, rescuing
properties from the impotent hands of over-involved
proprietors, introduce a new class of landlords, and so
tend to effect that infusion of Anglo. Saxon blood,
under whose influence the capabilities of those dis-
tricts would receive a sure development ? The in-
gress of capitalists being thus facilitated to the
Western Highlands, employment would be afforded
to the resident natives, and encouragement would be
given, by the demand for labour, for the settlement of
lowland labourers among them also. Thus would the
commencement of mixture of blood be established,
and in a generation or two we might expect to see a
people arise combining the best qualities of the two
races, and much of the misery of an interesting por-
tion of the empire become a matter of tradition.
The great territorial noblemen, who are still men
of wealth, are likewise reprehensible for a proper
want of public spirit and regard to their dependants'
interests, and to which is to be mainly attributed the
inattention on the part of the Imperial Government

to assist by legislation the development of the natural
resources of this portion of the kingdom. There
could be nothing better calculated to improve the
industrial capabilities of the Highlands than bringing
the Lowlands into prompt and easy communication
with the principal highland towns—and those
industrial capabilities are very great ; for in-
stance, the establishment of railway communication
from Oban to Glasgow would be the means of con-
veying every species of industrial produce from the
remotest quarter of the Highlands to the Lowlands,
in the space of four hours, the line passing through
districts susceptible of the greatest possible improve-
ment. Yet it is evident that a scheme necessarily
promising a remuneration more remote than would
be the case in more cultivated regions, is not likely to
be taken up by private speculators. Neither is it to
be expected that the entire cost would be incurred by
Government. A considerable period would of neces-
sity elapse before the traffic could become sufficiently
extensive to yield a return for the outlay of
capital. In the meantime the measure could
only be regarded, not in the light of a
pecuniary speculation, but as a political
attempt to improve the social position of a hitherto
neglected and wretched district. Such an attempt
would be eminently worthy of Government, but the
impetus should emanate from, as well as a cordial co-
operation be afforded by, the great landed proprietors,
who derive their wealth from the extreme poverty of
their dependants. They it is who are the natural
guardians of a poverty-stricken population, and it is
their bounden duty to foster the interests of those
humble and attached friends by whom they are sur-
rounded, performing their duties as " trustees of land
for the behoof of the people," and abandon-
ing that apathy which has freezingly retarded
the advance in social comfort of the
whole population of the Western Highlands.
A speedy wholesale revolution in the proprietorship
of land is probably after all the sole effectual remedy
for the unfortunate state of things there. Emigra-

tion is of course a great relief but not a radical cure
in such an exigency. " Emigration can only be a
temporary alleviation of the injurious effects of a
redundant population. The population of the
Western Highlands is not redundant, but the,reverse.
To be efficacious to any community it is necessary
that those left behind have ample means of employ-
ment. What beneficial effects can emigration in-
duce to an agricultural district of country where
there is neither capital nor energy amongst
any class to carry on any settled course of
industry whatever ? To be of use in pro-
moting the effect intended, there must of ne-
cessity be an emigration of landlords as well as of
people. The miseries of the latter are so unquestion-
ably the result of the mismanagement of the former
that the mere removal of the minor evil, while the
greater is allowed to exist, can only serve to coun-
tenance and perpetuate a system which an examina-
tion into facts demonstrates to be barbarous."

THE
weseme
tiQeaUeEbacEkNgaGsvFe
aTnHaEc
oSu
nO
tUoTf Ht
h. e
trial
trip of the General Screw Steam-ship Company's
new vessel the Queen of the South to the NreLig
Light,
which proved highly satisfactory, during which
she
attained an average speed of ten and a half miles Per
hour. We have since personally inspected her in the
East India Docke, when, through the courtesy of Mr.
Ford, the superintendent of the company, and Capt.
Hyde, her commander, from whom we received every
attention, we were enabled minutely to inspect the
various arrangements for the comfort of the passen-
gers. In our former notice we described fully the
dimensions of this splendid steamer, we will there-
fore only mention a few particulars which the Captain
kindly furnished us with, and those which we our-
selves observed. She was built by Messrs. Mare
and Co., and is a very fine specimen of
iron shipbuilding. She is divided into
seven watertight and fire-proof compartments, an
uausuilly large number, which must prove a great
security in case of accidents similar to those of the
Amazon or Birkenhead. Had the Birkenhead been
similarly constructed, it is probable that, the damage
being confined to a smaller space, the ship might still
have floated, and so great a loss of human life pre-
vented. Her engines, which are of 300 horse power,
were constructed by Maudslay, and are on the direct
action principle, by which means the shaft of the
screw is brought into direct connection with the
engines, whereby a great reduction is made in the
complication and space occupied by the machinery,
which, by this contrivance, is almost entirely
below the water line. Her small horse power,
which is but, three hundred, enables her
owing to the consequent economy of fuel, to continue
under steam for a longer period than would other-
wise be the case.
The following are a few particulars which we
received from Mr. Ryder, her chief engineer :
Diameter of cylinder, 55 inches ; length of screw-
shaft, 23 feet 6 inches ; pitch of screw, 17 feet.
Several important improvements have been made in
the machinery, which we stated in our impression of
the 17th ult.
The Queen of the South is fitted up with
every possible care and attention to the comforts of
passengers ; she has accommodation for 130 ; is
lofty between decks; can stow 600 tons of coal,
and 800 tons of cargo. She is a remarkably fine
vessel of upwards of 1,800 tons. Her bulwarks are
remarkably high, and slant inwards, affording thus
convenient protection to the passengers during bad
weather. She will sail on the 10th instant for Ply-
mouth, from which port she will take her final de-
parture for the Cape on the 15th : and, in fine, we
return Captain Hyde our thanks for his politeness
and attention ; and wish him and his passengers a
prosperous end pleasant voyage.

THE ARMY.—We understand that orders have been
issued for the 40th Regiment to prepare for embarkation
from Cork for Australia, and that in consequence the 15th
will remain at Ceylon, and the 59th at Hong-Kong, it having
bee❑ previously arranged that the MI should proceed ti
China, and the 59th to Australia.