The Sun.
London, England, 1852-08-28 00:00:00

STOCK ExcnAwan.:-The share market was extremely
dull to-day. The only sale reported was Midland
Stock, 76 Tig .

LIVERPOOL, AUG. 27.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The share market to-day
was ex-
tremely depressed, with very little disposition to buy.
There seems to be no orders in the market whatever. The
transactions were as follow:—Caledonian, 20%—East Lan-
cashire, 17 11-16—Lancashire and Yorkshire, 80%—London
and North-Western, 121—Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln-
shire, 287/B—Midland, 753/4—North Union (A), 267.
MANCHESTER, AUG. 27.
STOCK' EXCHANGZ.—The business done to-day was very
limited, and prices had a downward tendency. The transac-
tions were as follow :—Blackburn, 6
Lances—Ditto9-16t, Preference,
lA—Nerth
25—Eastern Counties, 10 s—East 34Cheste
and Birkenhead, 19—Lancashire and Yorkshire, 81—Mid-
land, 7534—Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire 2834
Ditto (No. 1), 10—Ditto. Preference, 12—Ditto, New Pre-
ference, p.—South-Eastern and Dover, 21
Staffordshire, 77/8 die.
BIRMINGHAM, AUG. 27.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The market was more active to-day,
and in some instances there was an advance upon yesterday's
prices. The transactions reported were—irmingham, Woi_
verhampton, and Stour Valley, 111 A— BShrewsbury and
Birmingham (A), 9%.

CHATWORTIL—On Tuesday last his Grace the
------
Duke of Devonshire was honoured with a visit from the
princely
Prince and Princess Macklenburgh, on which occasion the
ducal Palace of the Peak was the scene of one of those su-
perb displays so characteristic of the refined taste and
hospitality of his Grace the Duke of Devonshire.
The Prince and Princess Mecklenburgh travelled from Derby
to Rowsley by speciai train, and were received at the last-
mentioned station by the Duke in person. The magnificent
suite of rooms was thrown open, the waterworks were in
full play, and never
perhaps was Chatsworth seen
advantage than on this occasion. The royal pair were ac-
companied by Madame Taffimovitch and M. Chrontschoff,
to gr
and the following had the honour of receiving invitations :
The Prince and Princess Mecklenburgh, the Duchess of
Bedford, the Earl of Burlington, Lord Cavendish, Lord and
Lady John Manners' Sir Augustus Clifford, the Hon. G. H.
.
M.P., and Lady Louisa Cavendish, the Hon. F.
Leveson Gower, M P., Lady Louisa and Miss Cavendish, Sir
Cjoasveepnicli ih,
Lady Paxton, Miesasna
Paxton and Miss Victoria
Paxton, &c. At eleven o'clock the waterworks were lighted
up with coloured fires, and rockets were fired. The effect
of the green and red lights was both peculiar and beautiful,
and the whola had a most pleasant effectimilicril Reporter.

THE LONDON GAZETTE, Aug. 27.
FOREIGN OFFICE, AUG. 25, 1852.
The Q leen has been pleased to approve of Mr. James
Duncan Thomson as Consul at the Cape of Good Hope
for his Majesty the King of Sardinia.
The Queen has also been pleased to approve of Mr.
George Nowenham Harvey as Vice-Consul at Cork fur
the Grand Duke of Mecklenhurgh-Schwerin.
DOWNING-STREET, AUG. 25.
The Queen has been pleased to appoint William
a'Beckett, Esq., to be Chief Justice, and Redmeed
, sq.
Barry, Esq., to be Puisno Jurige, of the Supreme Court
of the Colony of Victoria ;—James Sim son E , to be
Sheriff of that Colony ;—and James Depnham Pinnock,
Esq., to be Registrar of the Sepreme Court of that
Colony.
Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint George
Dyason, Esq., to be Civil Commissioner and Resident
Magistrate for the District of Graaff Reinet, in the Set-
tlement of the Cape of Good Hope.
WAR-OFFICE. AUG. 27.
•
2d Regiment of DragoonsLieut-Colonel John Gor-
don Geddes, from half-pay Unattached, to be Lieutenant-
Colonel, vice Ricketts, who exchanges; Major Henry
Darby Griffith, to be Lionteriant-Cdonel, by purchase,
vice Geddes, who retires ; Captain Donald J. Macleod
to be Major, by purchase, vice Griffith ; Lieutenant
Henry Sales Scoboll to be Captain, by purchase, vice
Macleod; Cornet George Buchanan to be Lieutenant,
vice Scoholl, Aug. 27.
9th Light Dragoons—Henry Lavington Payne, from
the 17th Light Dragoons, to be Cornet, vied Brickman,
who retires from the service by the sale of his commis-
sion, Aug. 27.
to be Captain, Unattached;
ghe trragoons; to be Lieu-
uttulant George Charles
Dte
naliasbnit httt,
v, Lightifeeo
;nH Horne, p• romoted
gppaoroyonni —ot
ht
eLd f. et
Cornet William Oliver Bird to be Lieutenant, by pur-
chase, vice Dalbiae, who retires; William Henry
Horne,
Gent., to be Cornet, by purchase, vice Bird; Lieutenant
William Veall Greetham to be Adjutant, vice George
Horne, promoted, Aug. 27.
11th Regiment of Foot—Captain Thomas Peebles,
from half-pay Unattached, to be Captain, vice Grant,
who exchanges, Auge27.
54th Foot—Ensign Ernest Le Pellet' to be Lieutenant,
without purchase, vice Lake, appointed Adjutant; Lieu-
tenant Percy Godfrey Botfield Lake to be Adjutant,
vice Thomson, promoted, August 27.
62d Foot—Lieutenant George Porceval Drought, to
be Paymaster, vice Kirwan, who retires upon half-pay,
as Lieutenant; Lieutenant Christopher Minnit, from
half-pay Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment, to be Lieute-
nant, vice Drought, Aug. 27.
85th Foot—Ensign Henry Godolphin Rooper to be
Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Rycroft, who retires.
Ist West India Regiment—Lieutenant Bolton Edward
Stretch, from half-pay 7th Foot, to be Lieutenant, vice
Barrett, appointed to the 19th Foot; Ensign John
Echlin Matthews to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice
Stretch, who retires; John Steel, Gent., to be Ensign,
by purchase, vice Matthews, Aug. 27.
Cape Mounted Riflemen—Ensign Ralph Lovel
Thursby to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice 'Stuart
Wortley, promoted, May 14; Arthur Gonne Bell Mar-
tin, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Thursby,
Aug. 27.
UNATTACHED.—Lieutenant William Frederick Mac.
bean, from the 84th Foot, to be Captain, by purchase;
Lieutenant Benjamin Midgley, from the 27th Foot, to
be Captain, without purchase, Aug. 27.
MEMORANDUM. -- Captain Thomas Southall, upon
half-pay Unattached, has been permitted to retire from
the Army by the sale of his commission, he being about
to settle in Nova Scotia, Aug. 27.
OFFICE OF ORDNANCE, Arra. 24.
Royal Regiment of Artillery—Major-General George
Turner, C. 8., to be Colonel-Commandant, vice Sir
Thomas Downman, deceased, Ang. 12.
Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of Wiltshire.
Ernest Augustus Charles Brudenell, Lord Bruce, to
be Deputy-Lieutenant. Aug. 17.
Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Southampton.
The Hon. Ralph Heneage Dutton to be Deputy-
Lieutenant; Sir George Elliot Meyrick Tapps Gervis,
Bart, to be Deputy-Lieutenant; Sir John Rivett
Carnac, Bart. to be Deputy-Lieutenant; Charles Wil-
liam BeaucleAs, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; John
Beardmore, Esq., to bo Deputy-Lieutenant; Albert John
Hambrough, Esq., to bo Deputy-Lieutenant ; Francis
Jervoise Ellis Jervoise, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant;
Edward St. John Mildmay, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieute-
nant ; John Shelley, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant,
Aug. 14 ; Edward Hulse, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieute-
nant; John Richard Beate, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieute-
nant, Aug. 24.
Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Northumberland.
The Honourable Algernon George Percy (commonly
called Lord Lovaine) to be Deputy-Lieutenant; the
Honourable Charles Bennett (commonly called Lord
Ossulston) to be Deputy-Lieutenant; Thomas An-
dereoe, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; Wentworth
Blackett Beaumont, Esq„ to be Deputy-Lieutenant;
George Burden, Esq , to be Deputy-Lieutenant; Wil-
liam Henry Charlton, Esq to be Deputy-Lieutenant;
Edward John Clavering,
9, to be Deputy-Lieutenant;
John Errington, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; Row-
land Errington, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; Charles
Bacon Grey, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; George
Annett Grey, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant;
Thomas James, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant;
Henry George Liddell, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant;
Edward Riddell, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; Walter
Selby, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; Prideaus Selby,
Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; Sir Walter Calverley
Trevelyan, Bart., to be Lieutenant; Samuel Edward
Widdington, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; Wil-
liam Wharton Burdon, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieut
Bryan Burrell, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; William
Linskill, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; Henry Silver-
top, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; John Cookson,
Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant; William Gray, Esq., GO b.!
Deputy-Lieutenant; Charles nant;
Atticus Monck, E6CI2 14!
be Deputy-Lieutenant; Sir Matthew White Ridley', Dar'
to be Dep
to be Deputy-Lieutenant, Aug. 11.
Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of Lancashire.
Humphrey de Trafford; Esq,,
Ralph Anthony Thickness; Esq,, to be Deputy-
tenant; James Pilkington, Es-
si to be Deputy-Lieu-
Ben
tenant; Jonathan Peel R
' —elle to be Deputy-Lteutenant,
Benjamin Heywood Jones, Esq to be DeeutrL
tenant; Charles Roger Jaeson, ,to be DePtitr
tenant; Gilbert Greenall, ERti •
so be. Deputy-Liutenet,,.
Montague Ainslie, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenent; tot;
ward Every Clayton, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenantt.
William James Garnett, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenan ,
Thomas Littledale, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant, Aug:
14; the Hon. James Lindsay, to be
Deputy-Lieutenant;
Deputy-Lieutenant,
John Smith Entwisle, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant;
John Frederick Foster, 11
Esq'' to
be Deputy
—Sq., to be Deputy-Lieutentin
Aug. 21.
Robert Henry Norreys,
°shire.
Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of Pembrok
Lieu
James Robertson Bryant, Esq., to be Deputy-
neat, neat, Aug. 21.
setshire.
Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Sower .
t Lieu-
Richard King Meade King, Esq., to be DePuYni Ac-
tenant, Aug. 20; Sir Alexander Bateman Perla_
.lip
land Hood, Bart., to be Deputy-Lieutenant►112'
;utenant;
Pleydell Bouverie, Esq., to be Deputy
Lieutenant;
Philip Broadmead, Esq., to be Deputy-Lee ;
t John
George Bullock, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenan
Francis
-Lieutenant,
t,
Halliday, Esq., to bo Deputy-Lieutenant; Uenry
Fownes Luttrell, Esq„ to be Deputy-Lieutenant;
Fran-
Georl4e Moysey, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutentr
ue
cis Wheat Newton, Esq., to be Deputy---te ;
-ten tant.
D
Frederick John William, Earl of Cavan, to be pu 1-
Lieutenant, Aug. 25. John
2d Somerset Regiment of Militia—Frederick J•
Jefferies,
William, Earl of Cavan, to be Major, Yoe
superseded, Aug, 2.5. Kent-
Cernmissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of
eutenant
Charles Henry Tyler, Esq., to be Depot,'"
Llto be De-
;
William Wriothesley Turner Baldwin, Estii:a Deputy-
puty-Lieutenaut; Matthew Bell, 61
° Lieuten ant;
Lieutenant; Henry Boys, Esq., to be Deputy-
tv Lieuteant;
Edmund Barrell Faunce, Esq., to be Depu""b; Deputy-
John Tracey William French, Esq., to
Deputy-Lieu-
Lieutenant; Edward Foss, Esq., to be ety-Liou-
tenant; John Baker Sladen, Esq., Lubbock,ck Bart., to
tenant, Aug. 19; Sir John William
lieufaewell Tylden,
be Deputy-Lieutenant; Sir John me James Chap-
Rut., to be Deputy-Lieutenant ;
enuty-Lieutenant;
man n
, Liq., D.C.L., to be —l;e Deputy-Lieu-
Charles Wykeham Martin, Esq., t°
auty-Lieutenant;
tenant; John Malcolm, Esq., to be be Deputy-Lieu-
William Augustus Munn, Esq, too
Ilugassen, Esq.,
tenant; Edward Hugessen Knatchbu
Woodgate, Esq., to
to be Deputy-Lieutenant; William waiter Charles
be Deputy-Lieutenant, Aug. 20;
Slot ; George Wards
James, Bart., to be Deputy-Lieuten
By, Aug. 21.
Norman, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant, Robert
West Kent Regiment of Militia—eey to be Captain,
Thomas Gybbon Gybbon MellYPe Bart., promoted,
vice Sir Thomas Maryon
Aug. 20.
Commissions by the Lord Lieutenant of the North
Riding "fYorkshire.
to be Deputy-Lieute-
Thomas William Waldy, Rsci;' to be Deputy-Lieu-
neat; Richard Bassett Wilson, lescl•l...
j to
tler, sq., be Deputy-
tenant; William Thomas Hus •
Lieutenant.
North York Regiment of Militia—Joseph Henry
Hudson, Esq to be Captain.
Queen, Aug. 2.
Commission by the ‘44 bt J
acson, Gent.,
r
East York Militia—Simon Fitzheer
or Queen's Royal
•
late Lieutenant and Adjutant in the 2d
Regiment of Foot, to be Adjutants from July 30, viceu
Bell, retired.
Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of the East Riding
of Yorkshire..
h
East York Militia—Adjutant Sin Fitz 21 Bert Jac-
sonAu to serve with the rank of Cap tain, g.
Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of
Cambridge-
shire.
Cambridgeshire Militia—The
9•
Hon- Octavins Dun-
combo to be Colonel, Aug- •-• Michaelickment to be
Lieutenant, June 22.
the Queen.
Commission by
of the
Michael Dickment, Gent., to be Ad'utant Cam-
bridgeshire Militia, July 3* of Debighshire.
Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant
Royal Denbi hshire Rifle Regiment of Militia—Da-
niel Mc Co y, Egsq. (late Captain in the 55th Regiment of
Foot),Adjutant of the Regiment, to be Captain. July 31,
Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Oxfordshire.
Oxfordshire Regiment of lailititv-ZeurY ThQuAl War

C. Rogers, Camborne, Cornwall, draper, Sept 28, at
eleven, at the Court, Exeter.
CERTIFICATES GRANTED.
C. L. Kelly, Woolwich, grocer, cheesemonger, and
provision merchant, certificate of the second class—J.
Stafford, West Smithfield, tailor and draper, certificate
of the third class—Sarah Curson and G. Carson, Ex-
eter, booksellers and stationers, certificates of the first
class—G. A. Davis, Union-street, Berkeley-square, dis-
tiller and wine merchant, certificate of the third class—
D. L. Williams, Thornhill, Carmarthenshire, and Albert-
street, Camden-town, coal owner, certificate of the third
class—J. Marsden, Manchester, lace dealer, certificate of
the second class.
PARTNEUSHIPS DISSOLVED.
Warwickshire, metal-rollers--J. R. and
—w.w.G.auAa
A. King
Greens Norton, Northamptonshire, farmers
D. Pratt and T. H. Joysey, Neahells, Aston-near-
Birmingham,and T. Greenway, Fenchurch-street,
wine merchants—R. Kidd and It. Follett, Bristol,
aw
Oxford,an
d AFe carriers—D. ilearrsk—e r Morgan,oßroad-street,
tree
D.tLTo.n Morgan,don,and
F.
sawyers—
Cheapside, Tyler and G. Goodfellow, Wood-street,
Cheapside, Manchesterßussis,inewreahreahnotsus(eamoenfa—r Jas. CorleegmaradnsanDd.
Archangel,Clarke
Morgan)—C. Morey and N. S. Dodge, Regent-street,
Nisbet, J.-Murray, T. Taylor, and J.
printers
—J.
--B. Jones and J. Evans, Carmarthen,
Watson, Berners-street, Oxford-street, booksellers (so
far as regards J. Nisbet)—J. Cross and S. Plant, Wol-
verhampton, blacksmiths—France! Cockett and F. Bull.
Aldermanbury, warehousemen--r.. B. Cooper, H. W.
Fitton, and M. Maclean, Billiter-square, merchants—N.
Button and E. Lons, Ambridgestre,vsquare, tailors—R. IL and A. Andrews, St.
John-street, West Smithfield., corn and coal merchants
—C. Edwards and J. Spurgin,
hNan ew
Friday S.arumstre, Wet iltsbcoirren
f,
tailors—G. Strachan and W. o , -, ware-
haocut
factors—T.
housemen—G. ms nT—.
ParkinG. Rs m sadned T g on n and. sJh
e
J.
upon-
Hull, joiners—T. Wren and C. Gray, Conduit-street,
Regent-street, surveyors—J. Ingledew and T. Wisden,
Brighton, millers—T. Adams and H. Jordan, Parker-
street, Queen-street, St. Giles s, licensed 'victuallers—
W. G. Laing, J. Laing, and H. W. Todd, Birmingham,
drapers (so far as regards J. Laing)-1 Dixon and T.
Hunter, Liverpool, joiners—B. Smith, J. F. Smith, and
T. S. Smith, Manchester and Ardwick, wine merchants
(so far ti@ regards J. F. Smith)—E. Radcliffe and J.
Webb, Eversholt-street, St. Pancras, glaziers—W. M.
Burt and J. Heap, Manchester, commission agents—R.
Kelsall, J. Kelsall, H. Kelsall, and J. Heap, Rochdale,
flannel manufacturers—J. Amos and J. Featherstone'
Bristol, coopers—J. Hutt, J. Arlidge, T. Randle, J.
Budworth, and E. Sabell, Coventry, ribbon manufac-
turers.

INSOLVENT PETITIONERS.
William Merritt, Birmingham, pin manufacturer.
Thomas Gardiner, Birmingham, tailor and draper.
George Allen, Birmingham, baker.
Edward Bowker, Chester, coach builder.
D.:yid Jones, Swansea, joiner and housebuilder.
Samuel Daniel, Cardiff, butcher and farmer.
Anthony Page, Dursley, Gloucester, attorney 'a clerk.
Henry Grundy, Nottingham, chemist and druggist.
John Leake Heighton, Nottingham, commission agent.
George Fairless. Dunston' Durham, journeyman joiner.
John Gray, Heyworth Shore, Durham, steam-bowl

captain.
Matthew Hastings, North Shields, Northumberland,
publican.
John Wood, Cowpea, Northumberland, publican.
John Newton, Dukenfield, Cheshire, grocer.
John Moss, Chester, porter agent.
George Hardwick, Bristol, beer retailer.
John Thomas, Bristol, stone and marble mason.
SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS.
C. Hutchinson, Glasgow, merchant and dealer in iron,
to meet Sept. 3, and Oct. 1, at one, within the Waverley
Tavern, Glasgow.
J. Hogg, Lauder, farmer and cattle dealer, to meet
Sept. 1, and Oct. 1, at two, within Watherston's Black
Bull Inn, Lauder.
R. Thomson, Leith, carter and builder, to meet Aug.
30, and Sept. 20, at two, within the Royal Exchange
Coffee-house, Edinburgh.
J. M`Lachlin, Glasgow, carter and spirit dealer, to
meet Sept. 2,
and Sept. 23, at one, within the Waterloo
Hotel, Glasgow.
T. Buchan and D. Miller, Leith, wine merchants, to
meet Sept. 2, and Oct. 1, at two, within the New Ship
Hotel, Leith.

PRICE OF SUGAR.
The average price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, com-
puted from returns made in the week ending August 24,
1852, exclusive of Customs Duties paid or payable thereon
on the importation thereof into Great Britain :
From the British possessions in America 225. 4id. per cwt
From the Mauritius ... 20s. 9id. „
From the East Indies ... 275. 2d. I,
Averge price of the three foregoing de-
scriptions of sugar, jointly, computed as
above, and exclusive of duty ... 225. 7d. ts
By authority of Parliament,
HENRY BICKNELL. Clerk of the Grocers' Company
Grocers'-hall, August 27.

AQUATICS.
RICHMOND ROYAL REGATTA.
This highly-respectable aquatic annual, in honour
of his Royal Highness Prince Albert's birth-day, was
contested on Thursday by eighteen free watermen
of the place, for a purse of sovereigns, subscribed
by the nobility and gentry of the neighbourhood.
The weather was very delightful, and the as-
semblage of spectators extremely numerous and re-
spectable, accommodation being afforded the elite of the
place on board the beautiful state barge of Styles's, for-
merly belonging to the Goldsmiths' Company, where a
very excellent band of music was in attendance, which
added materially to the pleasure of the afternoon. The
race was in four heats, the first man of each of the three
first to contend in the grand one.

First Heat.
John Mackinney and Henry Kidner (White) 1
George Jackson and William New (Blue) 0
John Jackson and John Chilly (Red) 0
It was a double scullers race, the distance extending
from Richmond-bridge down to Lord Kilmorey's, up to
the Duke of Buccleuch's, and finish at the bridge. After
a few strokes the winners went in front and kept it.

Second Heat.
Richard Messum and Joseph Borley .........(Green) 1
George Platt and T. Messum, sen (Yellow) 2
James Godfrey and Henry Rigby ............... (Pink) 3
They were
ultimately won easily.
Third Heat.
together for a short distance,buutrpiltowaso
William Platt and Charles Jackson (Stripes) 1
Alfred Chitty and Charles Grippe
,• (Green) 2
Geo. Howard and Ed. Brown (Black and white) 0
......,,,(Stripes) 0
Won by five or six lengths.
Grand Heat.
pace, but owing to
John Mackinney and H. Kidney ... ............ (White) 1
Josephl e s j
aaßte
koarslofienya 0
Richardiv
Theyilli aWilliam
were
el era set st us
a steamer being alongside the pier, and the course being
impeded by small boats, a slight foul occurred between
White and Green, which could not be avoided. All were
at work again in a moment, and after some capital rowing
down to Lord Kilmorey's the winners took the lead, and
run doaffilCd togetherh ar
came in first by six or eight lengths.

meetingb
spine,
sRh oedYfcoo.l.:f
wtt Ohhaeesa
governorshTeeulil
rdoe raxotfi )t chiolceuf
btl HOSPITAL.—The
pSoiPitn:
ls TtliaticLeti
r.
oiFolnn
IT,
es
whichbu r
vh
ue r y ;
qlwr
efu
sr; Yooral.as:ttE,ls:l6;
epoThursdayrptatoifent ;ht
a?
her
a.oJdinabinc
eoiebtntße
committee
dl lmoi
fni
management,t
ehdecd h chair. rin.g Thewo
2secretasi
showing an increase of 228 patients over:fpvarious ages,
year. 12,898 persons of both sexes, and of this cha-
had been relieved or cured through the °
r.e.,
affid, of the in-
rity since its establishment. The fin n '1
abecinumber of patients,
stitution, owing to the increase in
tto meet the pressing de-
were stated to be wholly inadequate
aniraously adopted, and
mends upon it. The report was 3111
man terminated the pro-
the usual compliment to the chair
ceedings.
nni LUNATIC ASYLUMS.—An
COUNTY AND BOIIOU-- everal county and borough
abstract of the accounts of the sa ..„ _es,
al for the year 1851,
lunatic asylums in Englandanoa w
f the whole, twenty-four in
cthrseiasvxrtiyaotu
previous
month'buta:
states that the total receipts
sd. Of this sunk 10,0861. 17s.
number, were 236,724/. 4:
Private patients, and 167,0021. 195.
2d• was contributed by Pr— who tow expenditure was
10d. for pauper 'Atlanta. The
4 207,0171. 18a. Cid!

THE IiiIPRO VED RIFLE MUSKET.
EDlTOReview OFfor TTHE,eThI,MIEBsS.2,
on
The
Sir,—My attention has been lately called to an ar-
ticle in the T:uaTrlitel Ry
Cannon, the Musket, and
Rifle," in which it is admitted
that the musket-rifle (improperly called " Mini 6"), being
constructed on more scientific principles. " fairly beats
poor Brown Bess out of the field;" and the reviewer
states that, " were our soldiers universally mechanicians
or gamekeepers, he would advocate their immediate ar-
mament with either the needle•gun or musket-rifle as
strenuously as the Times, but that our soldiers, in nine
cases out of ten, are either country bumpkins or unem-
ployed weavers." This remark inducad me to make in-
quirks as to the composition of the Chasseurs 'de Vin-
cennes (Chasseurs a Pied), whose superior armament
you first brought before the British public by the inser-
tion of my letter in your paper on the 3d of January,
1852, and I find that when the conscription takes place
the officers employed choose from the body of drawn
conscripts, first, the men adapted for the cuirassiers,
dragoons, engineers, and artillery; next, a certain num-
ber of the most active-made men are chosen for the
Chasseurs de Vincennes, but with no reference whatever
to their former trades or occupations; and the remain-
ing conscripts are put aside for the infantry of the line.
From what I have seen I should say a very large
proportion of the British infantry are such as would be
chosen for the duty as performed b y the Chasseurs de
Vincennes.
It is unnecessary to enter into all the arguments of
the reviewer against the improved rifle musket, as the
re-
cent order of the Duke of Wellington for serving out
100 of these improved
firearms to each regiment is an
answer to most of his assertions;
but as is is evident that
the reviewer is not only an officer who,, has minutely
studied his profession, gt
in the field, one of his assertionshas mustalsoseen much
service
over,
" that the Mini( rifle has no blank point range whatever."
not be passe
This old and experienced officer makes the following
alarming remark:—" Consider what
will be when a regiment armed the consequences
with the Mire 6 rifle is
pressed upon by a lino of infantry
plain bore muskets, the former giving
n wieldingtheir fire eagerly,
improved
perhaps accurately, will be astonished
to
nearer the enemy approach the less fatal find that the
their volleys
become, while the latter, encouraged b
im-
munity from danger which they ex y the p
first shake the riflemen with a telling discharge, will
level their bayonets, and sweep them fromtr then
and so it will be when cavalry fall upon s e field;
which the fire, though very destructive at 2001 u yards,nres, of
even more uncertain within these limits than beyond
isnd
them; such squares will as certainly be broken as they
are attacked." In the last dispatch of General M`Ma-
hon, detailing his late razzia in Algeria, his rear-guard
only consisted of two companies armed with the im-
proved mnsket-rifles. They were attacked by a body
of Arab cavalry, who boldly approached to within 100
yards, when they were received by a volley, which sent
them to the right-about. The cavalry rallied, and again
showed face at a distance of 800 yards, supposing them-
selves in safety, but another volley was poured into
them, producing at that distance nearly the same effects
as the first volley, and they gallopped off in dismay.
That the British public may be able to judge whether
the additional expense caused by serving out this new
firearm be worth the money spent, allow me to give the
results of experiences lately made in France by four
regiments (not picked) of the comparative value of the
old and now muskets, bearing in mind that the British
and French common musket are nearly equal in their
range and the correctness of their fire. General Sir
Charles Napier, in his letter " On the Defence of Eng-
land," calculates the expense of the old musket at about
11., and the new or Mini 6 rifle at about 151. 15s. In
France the common musket costs 11. 6g., and the im-
proved or Mini 6 rifle 21. 35.: and the contract price for
new or Mini( rifles served out to the British army is
under 41. There were nearly 300,000 balls fired by
these four regiments out of the improved muskets with
the Culot or Mini( balls, the TamiSier or solid elongated
balls, and the musket or spherical balls out of the regu-
lation musket, all the different balls being fired by the
same men from the new and old muskets.
From 30 to 100 yards, superiority rather in favour of
improved musket-rifle with Mink': ball.
150 yards—The improved musket rifle with Mini 6
ball twice as good as old musket and spherical ball.
200 yards—Ditto, thrice as good.
300 yards—Ditto, seven times better than.
400 yards—Ditto, eleven times better than.
500 yards—The improved musket-rifle with Minid
ball hit nearly as often as at 150 yards, but no old mus-
kets hit.
600 yards—Ditto, bit nearly the third of what hit at
150 yards' distance.
700 yards—Ditto, hit nearly the same as at 600
yards' distance.
800 yards—Ditto, hit nearly one-fifth, as at 150
yards' distance.
It was found if 150 men of any of these four regi-
ments were armed with the improved musket-rifle and
Mini(' ball, that at distances of from 300 to 600 yards
they would in one minute do more execution than 525
men at similar distances and the same time with old
muskets and ammunition; consequently 1,500 men can
be made equal to 5,250 men, or 15,000 British soldiers
can now be drilled and armed to do as much execution
as could have been done by 50,000 of the Peninsular ve-
terans.
When you published my letter on the 3d of January,
1852, I stated therein that this new firearm and ammu-
nition would make a complete change in the system of
actual warfare, and I am daily more and more fortified
in this by the experience of the oldest and most expe-
rienced officers of the French army who have witnessed
the experiments at Vincennes, Toulouse, and Grenoble.
Their opinion is, that heavy cavalry can now no longer
be used with effect, and that artillery must be restricted
A
to siege operations and defence of tortifieg places.eer the
distinguished officer, upon whose word
a as uuredemeethat
most implicit confidence can be placed, s
he lately saw Captain Minis (the inventor of the Culot
ball) (bal primitif ) hit a butt (target) sev2petimes
outwas
about 100 feet in length, and about eighteen feet in
100 strong showsh a front
height. A company of infantry
I Imagine, s ows about
of about 100 feet. A troop of cavalry,
our Life G
the same front. I suppose the beads of _ _ tzarils,
about 10 feet from the ground.
when mounted, are
nearl correct the
If this calculation as to cavalry is ,
chances are that four out of the seven Captain
ainie would have taken effect even through the
this experiment Captain Weis
cuirasses. In makinT
did not place the fire lock to his shoulda
her, but
bonheld it I
tight against the upper part of his right. u nch e.
have seen a pair of double-barrelled pistels with which
the above distinguished officer has hit a small target
eight times out of ten shots at a distance of 180 yards,
but the range is much greater. The late impartial ex-
periments by these four regiments proved the decided
superiority of the improved musket-rifle over the old
musket; but it may perhaps be interesting to show how
much =lke efficacious the old musket may be made by
being loaded in a peculiar manner. In my first letter I
referred to the " nail ball" invented by Lieut. Nesler,
which, when fired out of the common musket, was
said to be very efficacious at very long distances, but
said I had never seen this ball fired. The nail ball was
used at one of the emeutes at Paris, but there is no
doubt but that it will come into use in future
wars. The ball has been objected to on the score
of humanity, but the same objection may be made
to round shot, rocket, shell, bayonet, lance, and sabre,
and to the red-hot 68-pounder shot lately used by the
Sesostris at Burmah. A nail of about two inches long,
of equal thickness at the head as at the point, i
the hole of the mould of the common muskets put into
the boiling lead is put into the hole, and thus ball, and
the nail is
firmly fixed in the ball. The nail protrudes at one end
only. The engraving of it may be
aeon, figure 75, in
plate 6, of the fourth edition of Cours
tatifs, by Captain Panot. I shall sur lea Armes Per-
now mention what I
have lately witnessed; the experiments were by this
talented author. A
Captain Panot was a regiment was at ball practice;
owed to take one of their fire-
looks. Hs fixed upon it his moveable graduated
_„sight,
which is described in my letter headed " Modern wolf,
fare,"
Published in the Times of 20th January 1854'
fixed
(This sight could easily be pmanently
to the barrel, and only 'required')
y raised when ball
He had seven nail balls. Ho took the coten:37o,„
cartridge, poured in the powder, bit off ?owl,
the
musket ball, and rammed down theolreieg into
point first entering into the barrel a
tee sight at
the powder at the breech. oe .the target,
400 yards, he fired and hit the seerlnr'i the sight he
which was the size of two men.
Alt et as if the shoulder
fired at 500 yards. and hit the "Wled close to the head
of the left man. The next shtorsegre
dto about 650 yards
of the target. Captain Pow g
the Bight, lodged the ball
from the target, and arrang_?,, the next shots so near
at the foot of theta target; au"
front of five men all these seven
that if there had :
effect. The loading with the
shots would hav!ree with the musket ball, and it
nail ball is as clt se advantage over the elongated ball
ricochets corr Some of our sportsmen, deer-stalking on
• • ' ball).
(Mime. 9may
thus make their fowling-pieces
the reounton
fees lees as rifles. It has been attempted in
equally ke cannon-balls upon the same principle,
to ma
France
resented nail was generally broken off before
but the
left the cannon. Captain Panot has tried load-
the ball
two balls, and the effect in battle at distances
load-
ing with
under 200 yards would be terrible, but the recoil is too
es and the firelocks thus used are soon rendered un-
greerviceable.
s
To those military men who take an interest in the com-
parative perfection of the British and French armies, and
who are anxious to see what is going on in the French
army in regard to armament and mancenvring, I would
call their attention to the new publication of Captain
Panot, " Discussion sur l'Organization et lnstruetiorde
l'lnfanterrie Francaise," and they will there find how
strong prejudices are engendered and remain among old
military men of all nations. The French army still con-
tinue to move with three ranks,
and even to fire, except
the Chasseurs de Vincennes, who fire with two, ranks.
The theory is that the third rank do not fire, bur load
their own and the firelocks of the centre rank for the
centre rank to fire ; but I remarked that even in " ball
practice" this system, even with the front rank kneeling,
not only causes bad firing but great confusion, In action
the third rank, in spite of all orders, do fire, and even
though many experienced More pointed out the inefli-