The Sun.
London, England, 1864-07-19 00:00:00

HOUSE OF LORDS—La; st Evening,

The LORD CHANCELLOR took his se at on the woolsack at
five o'clock.

METROPOLITAN RAZZ WAY.

The Earl of SHAFTESBURY presented a petition
from the inhabitants of Finsbury-square against the ex-
tension of the metropolitan railway to Trinity-square.
Lord REDESDALE gave notice that on Thursday he
would move that no petition be received against the metro-
politan railway schemes unless they should have been pre-
seated before Friday next.
THIRD READINGS.

The following bills were read a third time and passed :
Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (Blackburn new lines)
—West Sussex Junction Railway—Edinburgh and Ghia_
gowßailway—London, Brighton, and South Coast Railway
(new line)—Rickmansworth, Amersham and Chesham
Railway—llfracombe Railway, and Lancashire Union
Railway,
LAND SECURITIES COMPANY BILL.

The Earl of DONOTJGEIMORE presented a petition
from the Land Securities Company, and moved that the

bill be committed.
Lord REDESDALE objected to the motion. He con-
tended that the bill was the introduction of a new principle
into private legislation, and therefore he hoped their lord-
ships would support him. Every day new schemes were
set on foot for money-lending by limited liability companies,
and he was satisfied that these schemes should be regu.
lated by public and not private acts of Parliament.
Lord TAUNTON said he should give his hearty support
to the noble lord who had just sat down.
After a short discussion, the motion for the committal of
the bill was rejected.
BURIALS REGISTRATION BILL.

. - ---- -
This bill passed through committee and was reported
with an amendment.
THE SPANISII SLAVE TRADE.

Lord BROUGHAM said if there was one thing more
than another that gave him great satisfaction in re-
Reding upon a long parliamentary life, it was the
act he had been so fortunate as to induce Par-
liament to sanction, namely, that making the slave
trade piracy. He was glad that a great amelioration had
taken place in the condition of the negroes in certain parts
of the world, but he had now to complain of the manner in
which the Spanish Government had set at naught the ob-
ligations they were under by the treaty they had entered
into, by a continuance of the slave trade. He
was not one of those who held that it
did not become this country on any account to interfere
with anything going on in a foreign country. In some
cases it was honourable to do so—in others it sometimes
became a daty. The noble and learned lord then proceeded
to comment upon the slave trade carried on in Cnba. The 1

planters and the people of Brazil were both against the

slave trade; and it was, therefore, impossible that it should
be revived. Good faith, therefore, on our part seemed to
require that we should repeal the act to which he had re-
ferred. The noble lord then presented a petition from a
public meeting held in Jamaica, and presided over by the
bishop, complaining of the conduct of Spain.
Earl RUSSELL said that every successive Foreign Sec-
retary had remonstrated with Spain against her violation of
her treaty engagements ; but we had never been able to get
her to fulfil them. The Spanish Government did indeed
profess their willingness to do so, but they had steadily re-
fused to pass efficacious laws for the purpose. From time to
time the Cuban slave trade was diminished, and he believed
that the present governor was in earnest in his efforts to
suppress it. But almost all the authorities of the island
were disposed to connive at the traffic, and he did nct feel
any confidence that a future governor might not do so too.
He strongly objected to the proposition to reimpose a dif-
ferential duty upon slave-grown as compared with free
labour sugar. But he would assure the house that he
would continue to urge upon Spain the fulfilment of her
obligations.

The Earl of MALMESBURY eulogised the sincere and
successful efforts of the Government of Brazil to suppress
the Brazilian slave trade, and said that in his opinion the
time had come, or nearly coma, when the Aberdeen Act
should be repealed. In fact, before his death, the Earl of
Aberdeen had himself arrived at the same conclusion.
After a few words from Lord BROUGHAM in reply, the
subject dropped.
The Mutual Surrender of Criminals (Prussia) Bill, and
Thames Embankment and Metropolis Improvement Loans

Bill, were read a second time.
The Street Music (Metropolis) Bill was read a third
time and passed.
The Inland Revenue (Stamp Duties) Bill was read a
third time and passed.
The Railways (Ireland) Acts Amendment Bill and the
Drainage and Improvement of Lands (Ireland) Bill were

read a third time and passed.
The Administration of Trusts (Scotland) Bill was read
a second time.

The house then adjourned.

HOUSE OF COMMONS—Last Evening,

The SPEAXER took the chair at 4 o'clock.
PRIVATE BUSINESS.

The following bills were read a third time mid passed:—
Earl of Egmont's Estates and New Brighton Pier.
METROPOLITAN RAILWAY DISTRICTS BILL.

Ou the order for the third readiug of this bill,

Mr CRAWFORD moved an amendment to the effect
that the bill should be read a third time this day month.
He said that the most serious objections existed to
the construction of this railway, and he contended that
the interests and the feelings of the public would be con-
sulted best by acceding to his 'notion. This project was not
the result of a company, but merely an engineering specu-
lation, and he argued that that circumstance should induce
the house to regard it with great jealousy. (Hear, hear.)
A considerable difference of opinion prevailed in reference
to the necessity or advantage of this Metropolitan Railway
scheme.

Mr AYRTOINT and Mr. GOSCHEN opposed the bill,
Lord STANLEY supported the bill. He said he was
chairman of the select committee on this bill, so that he had
opportunities of judging accurately of the whole scheme,
which induced him to approve of it. (Hear, and no, no.)
Every attention had been paid to the bill in transit3/4, and the
opinion he expressed was shared in by the other members
of the committee. Differences of opinion, as well as differ-
ences of interest would exist on all matters, but he thought
that if hon. members would read the evidence they would
see that the conclusion to which the committee had arrived
was justified by the facts as developed by the statements of
the witnesses which had been examined.

Mr HANKE Y opposed the motion for the third reading,
on the ground that it would not be duly considered by the
House of Lords at this period of the session.
After some further discussion the bill was read a third
time and passed.
CASUAL POOR OF THE METROPOLIS.

Mr LYALL asked the president of the Poor Law Board
whether he would bring in a bill this session, in order to carry
out the special recommendations of that part of the report
of the poor law committee, which relates to the casual poor
of the metropolis, so that relief may be afforded to that class
by legislation before neat winter ?

Mr VILLIERS said that it was his intention to bring in
a bill this session, and that the house would have time to
consider its provisions fully, as it would be very short.
SEA FISHERY (IRELAND).
In reply to Mr BLAKE, #

Mr PEEL :said that he had not had time to Keceive the
annual report of the Sea Fishery Department of the Board
of Public Works in Ireland from the department in ques-
tion.

Iwith that country? That was a state of things so unsatis-
factory that we were entitled to ask what was the present
Polley of her Majesty's Government towards Brazil. The
case rested, he was obliged to say, on that medcling and
mischievous policy—(hear, hear, from the ecnservatives)
—which was never content except wn,n interfering
with small States to subject them to trou ,le and injustice.
Tills was not only tyrannical to Brazil, but was
ieljtuiotur to England. From 1822 to 1844 Brazil
was in such a state, from the disorder of its finances
and the weakness of the executive, that the slave trade
was carried on to a considerable extent ; but he was pre-
pared to show that since that period the policy of Brazil
was essentially anti-slavery. By the convention of 1826 the
Brazilian Government agreed that any slaver found in their
waters should be deemed guilty of piracy. This provision
remained in force until 1845, when such was the repugnance
of the Brazilian Government to the right of search that it
was resolved that this rule should cease and terminate, and
to this the British Government agreed. The first act of
the convention of 1826 still remained. At this time the
Aberdeen Act was framed, authorising British cruisers to
seize Brazilian ships on suspicion of their being engaged in
the slave trade, and to carry them before a British Admiralty
Court for condemnation. This was extensively put in prac-
tice, and several ships were carried into the Admiralty courts,
producing extreme bad feeling in Brazil towards this coun-
try. The act was condemned by Sir Thomas Wilde, the
Lord High Chancellor of England, who said that so mon-
strous was that act that it was impossible to enforce it
against any power except one that was unable to resist.
Another ornament of a Whig Government, his hon friend
the member for Ashton-under-Lyne (Mr M. Gibson) had
also resisted that act. Would that he would do so now, and
use his influence on the noble lord (Lord Palmerston) to
bring about amicable relations between this country and
Brazil. If he raised his voice against that act when the
slave trade was carried on to a considerable extent in Brazil,
how could he reconcile himself now to sit cheek by jowl
with the noble lord? (A. laugh.) Some time after this
Lord Aberdeen, recognising the steps taken by the Brazilian
Government against the slave trade, said the English Go-
vernment, as soon as they were able to do so, would recom-
mend to Parliament the repeal of that act, The Brazilians
were in a weak state, they had no navy, and all they could
do was to protest against this act as a violation of the law
of nations. Well, what did the noble lord (Lord Palmer-
ston) do when he came into office ? Not content with
what existed, the noble lord in 1850 ordered our cruisers
to do an act which had never been done before—actually
to invade Brazilian ports and waters. They did so,
and for two years did this system continue. The British
cruisers went into Brazilian ports, and taking out ships
from there sent them to St. Helena to be adjudicated upon,
creating the greatest ill feeling against England. Now the
slave trade was not carried on by the Brazilian Government
themselves, who were greatly opposed to it, but by Ameri-
cans, Spaniards, Portuguese, and he believed by some Eng-
lish—because it had been whispered that Liverpool mer •
chants, at least, were engaged in it—while the Brazilian
Government, disgusted with their experience of the Eng-
lish Government, probably winked at it. An effort was
afterwards made by the Brazilian Government to put down
the slave trade. and so much was this so, that the noble
lord at the head of the Government complimented the
Brazilian Government upon it, and said there could be no
doubt that in another twelvemonths the slave trade with
Brazil would be entirely extinguished. That was in 1851,
and so far were the efforts of the Brazilian Government
successful, that in 1852 Lord Malmesbury withdrew the
order authorising British ships to enter Brazilian waters,
and he must say the whole conduct of Lord Malmesbury in
this Brazilian business had been immensely to his credit.
The Brazilian Government continued to put down the slave
trade, and since the year 1855 he (Mr Osborne) was pre-
pared to prove, on undoubted authority which could not be
disputed, that no slaver had been run on the coast of Brazil,
and that the slave there was entirely extinct. (Hear.)
Nearly 200 miles of railway had been made by English
companies in Brazil, and no such thing as a single slave had
been employed on those railways. The slave trade there
had received a blow which it never could recover. It was
thought, therefore, that this house would repeal the act of
1845. But the house did nothing of the sort. The 'acme
had been content to wait year after year, to leave the enor-
mous trade of England with Brazil without P.dy protection,
and they never took any steps to repeal the act of 1845.
They all knew the case of the Brititele frigate which made
severe reprisals on the Brazils, Cee question arising from
which was referred to the Kin ;-,1 of the Belgians, who decided
that the British officers were altogether in the wrong. (Lord
Palmerston intimated Caat the hon. member was mistaken.]
Did the noble lord contradict that ? He had the face to
contradict anything. He (Mr Osborne) had not provided
himself with the despatch, and this showed how careful
one ought to be. (A laugh.) At any rate the decision was
not in our favour. The noble lord would not say that. He
might get off in some quibble of words; but the decision
was not in our favour; and in 1862 the British Charge
d'Affaires was empowered to apologise, that being the first
apology he believed the noble lord had ever made. They
had had debates on the subject; but why or wherefore,
after the question of mediation had been referred to the
Portuguese Government, irritating and offensive language
should be used, passed his comprehension to understand.
(Hear, hear.) He should like to ask the noble lord whether
he thought the Pcm4.ft,suese Government would continue
their mediation in the face of such language. (Hear, hear.)
He held in his hand a document which he should quote
for the information of the Foreign Office, which was at once
ignorant and insolent. (Laughter.) By a decree of Decem-
ber, 1858, the Brazilian Government forbade altogether that
any emancipated negro should be apprenticed to private
individuals. That was a most material step ; and it further
appeared, from the report of the Brazilian .Minister of
Justice, that in 1860-61, 201 "emancipacloes" were set free;
in 1862-63, 147; and down to May, 1864, 71—upwards of
400 altogether since 1860. It was stated by the noble lord
at the head of the Government that there were twenty re-
quirements which the Brazilian negro should satisfy before
he could obtain his freedom ; but what would the house
think, when he told them that those requirements were
taken from an opposition paper, which was a sort of half
Owl', half Punch—(laughter)—and that they were written
to ridicule the delays of the law in Brazil ? (Hear, hear, !'..n a
laughter.) What would the noble lord say if the Brazilian
Government quoted in their house "Punch's essence of
Parliament ?" (Laughter.) And yet, if they did so, they
would simply parody the proceedings of tile noble lord him.
self. (Hear, hear.) But what was the policy of the noble
lord with regard to Brazil ? Wee it a hostile policy ? Let
him tell the noble lord that se great was the feeling in this
country at the irritating sad mischievous policy which was
pursued towards Brazil, that it had only to resist to upset
his Ministry and to repeal the act of 1845. Language of
menace and irritation was not the way to treat a country
like Brazil, which was no longer in its infancy, but which
ought to be treated on terms of perfect equality—(hear,
hear)—and if we wished to get on, not only with Brazil,
but with any other country, we should employ terms of
conciliation, and not terms of irritation. (Hear, hear.) In
conclusion, the hon. member declared that if the act of 1845
had been repealed, Brazil would have at once entered into
a consular and postal convention ; and that so long as the
present policy of irritation was continued the result would
be injurious to the commerce of this country. (Hear, hear.)
Lord PALMERSTON—The hon. gentleman recom-
mends mildness of language. Sir, he is not himself a great
master that way—(laughter)—and it is my intention rather
to follow his precept than imitate his example. (Hear,
hear, and laughter.) The hon. gentleman says that lam a
great hand at denying. If I may be allowed to return the
compliment, I would say that he is a very great hand at
asserting. He knows—everybody knows—the source from
which the hon. gentleman draws his information—
Mr OSBORNE—I do not. Name, name.
Lord PALMERSTON—He knows whom I mean.
Mr OSBORNE—I deny that; name, name. (Cries of
" Order, order.")
Lord PALMERSTON—Everybody knows that there is
an active Brazilian agent ready to supply information to
those who are anxious to undertake the cause of Brazil. I
do not blame him ; but I wish that those who adopt his
statements would, in their duty as members of Parliament,
be quite sure that the facts which they repeat are correct.
There was much in the speech of the hon. gentleman that
would provoke me to go into an angry discussion.
Mr OSBORNE—Be provoked. (Laughter, and loud
cries of " Order.")
Lord PALMERSTON—Never mind—l will not bepro-
yoked. (Laughter.) Her Majesty's Government are now
engaged, through the Portuguese, in negotiations, the ob-
ject of which is to re-establish diplomatic relations between
this country and Brazil. Now, I don't think the hon.
gentleman has shown great judgment—(hear, hear)—in
endeavouring to bring on a controversial discussion upon
such a matter at such a moment. The necessary conse-
quence would be if I were to go through his statements,
that I might be led to say things which he would again
condemn—(laughter)—as being unfavourable to the success
of the negotiation. Therefore I trust the house will think
lam better performing my duty in abstaining from going
into his statements. (Hear, hear.) In reference, however,
to the commercial disadvantages which he says not only
our paeseiat relations with Brazil, but also those which
have existed for some time, impose upon our merchants,
' I will take our exports from, and imports to, Brazil for a
certain period of time, and see how that matter stands.
From 1850 to 1852 the imports from Brazil varied from two
millions to two millions some hundred thousands, and the
exports Irons two millions to three millions. But from
1860 to the present present time our imports ft om Brasil
£2,2oo,ooo;have been : lB6l, £2,600,000; 1862,
,£4,4oo,ooo;iannldB6°,
1863,1,500,000. That is not a state of
things which shows
£st ,oofoaor,
,00 therefore,e ; 186
l:
as our
.that our commerce has suffered. Our
710:0 ,dlOBOO6O/10:o t think that they have suffered
exports have been:
manedrciinalliBn6t2er-6es3t,s
go,
in consequence of this matter. It is quite true that the Bra •
silian slave trade ceased in 1852, and that the Brazilian
Government have since that time passed laws and estab-
lished regulations which have, I believe, prevented any
material importation of slaves into Brazil—(hear)—but still
it must be remembered that out of her populaLion,seven and
a half millions, there are three million of slaves, only one
million short of the number in the Southern States of Ame-
rica.r
00si3oit
ftheseNloE,Ofmhoraev.e been emancipated.
Mr
Lord PALMERSTON—That makes rather against the

hon. gentleman. He has told us that 3 years 400 have
been set free ; but if so it will be a long time before the
10,000 are fully emancipated. I must decline going into
any controversy with the hon. gentleman. I am anxious
that the negociations going on should succeed—and I think
the house would do better to drop the discussion than to
allow things to be stated which might revive angry feeling
and embarrass the negotiations which the Portuguese Go-
vernment have, with the best motives and in the best pos-
sible spirit, undertaken to carry on. (Hear, hear.)
Mr S. FITZGERALD congratulated Lord Palmerston
on the moderate tone of his language as contrasted with
that of last week, in which ha spoke of the conduct of the
Brazilian Government as flagitious and disgraceful. He
believed that that Government was using every effort in its
power to carry into effect the treaty stipulations for the
liberation of the emancipados.
Sir H. CAIRNS said that the impression on the part of
English capitalists and merchants having an interest in
Brazil were almost universally opposed to the policy of her
Majesty's Government. With regard to the Aberdeen Aot,
as a question of international law, he had never looked upon
it with any other feeling than that of amazement.
Mr NE WDEGATE complained that the Brazilian Go-
vernment were endeavouring to coerce the house into the
repeal of the Aberdeen Act by persecuting English resi-
dents in Brazil, and he mentioned in particular the case of
Mr Christie, our late Minister at Rio, and of a Mr Reeves.
He also denounced the corruption of the legal tribunals of
the country, and described the internal slave trade as of a
most iniquitous and inhuman character.
Mr T. BARING having described the policy of the Go-
vernment towards Brazil as taunting, irritating, and unfor-
tunate, the subject dropped.
Mr PACE brought under notice the report of the in-
spector of reformatories on the state of the St. Bernard's
Reformatory at Whitwick, in Leicestershire, and to the
recent outbreak among the inmates of that establishment,
which he described as a nuisance to the neighbourhood.
Sir G. GREY described the precautions that had been
taken by the Government to prevent the recurrence of
similar outbreaks.

Lord J. MANNERS and Mr NEWDEQAM expressed their
hope that the institution would be removed from the county
altogether.

Mr fIEYGATE saw no necessity for so extreme a
coarse.

The house then went into committee on the remaining
civil service estimates. The vote for the packet service
estimate and a vote to pay off Exchequer Bills were
agreed to.
The vote of £14,355 on account of civil establishments on
the West Coast of Africa led to some discussion on the
Ashantee expedition, and Sir JOHN HAY moved the reduc-
tion of the vote by £2,500.

_ .
Mr ADDERLEY gave notice that, early next session he
would move that the whole subject be referred to a select
committee.

Ultimately the amendment was withdrawn, and the
vote was agreed to.

On the motion of Lord C. PAGET, a supplementary navy
estimate, amounting to £220,000, was agreed to for the
purchase of the steam rams now lying at Birkenhead.
The whole of the supplies having thus been voted, the
chairman quitted the chair amid faint cheers from the 50
or 60 hon. gentlemen who formed the committee.
On the motion for going into committee on the New Zea-
land (Guarantee of Loan) Bill,
Sir J. TRELAWNY moved, as an amendment, that a
select committee be appointed to inquire into the relative
financial position of Great Britain and the colony, with a
view to adjusting any outstanding balances and other mat-
ters connected therewith.

On a division, the amendment was negatived by 79 to 32,
and the bill went through committee, after an ineffectual
attempt of Mr Morrison to reduce the amount of the ,
, gua-
rantee from £1 000 000 to X 500,000.

The Fortifications (Provision for Expenses) Bill was read
a second time.

The Bleaching and Dyeing Works Act Extension Bill,
the Turnpike Acts Continuance, &c., Bill, the Portsmouth
Dockyard (Acquisition of Lands) Bill, the Militia Pay Bill,
the Sheriff& Substitute (Scotland) Bill, and the Bank Notes,
&c., Signature Bill were severally read a third time and
passed.

Several other bills were advanced a stage, and the house
adjourned.

AMERICA.

(From the Times Correspondent.)
NEW YORK, JULY 1.
A sensation-loving public has been gratified with
a sensation that might have been and was antici-
pated, bat which, nevertheless, possesses all the
charms of novelty. Mr. Chase has either resigned
the office of Secretary of the Treasury, or been dis-
missed by the President. There is a Ministerial
crisis which threatens to involve the whole Cabi-
net—if such a word can be applied to eight gentle-
men who never meet for the transaction of business,
who manage their own departments without re-
sponsibility to each other, to Congress, or to the
people; who. au/ uutty UUL LUe
President, whom they severally despise, and who
agree in nothing but in their hatred or distrust of
each other. The commercial and banking interests
of this metropolis experienced a sensation of rend
when the announcement was made. But it was a
moment only. They were informed in the same
paragraph which told of Mr. Chase's disappearance
from office that his successor tad been appointed in
the person of Mr. David Todd, ex-Minister to
Brazil, ex-Member 01 Congress, and ex-Governor of
Ohio, and that Mr. Lincoln had sent his name to
the Senate for confirmation. The transitory feeling
of sati4action was succeeded by incredulity, and,
w}.en incredulity was no longer possible, by dis-
gust. Mr. Tod's antecedents were known. He had
no experience, was neither statesman nor financier,
was once of opinion that it would be better for the
Northern States to become colonies of Great Bri-
tain than to suffer the South to be independent, and
was generally in favour of a war of extermination.
Nor were his personal and social qualities found to
be of a higher grade than his public qualifications.
He was, it is true, a particular favourite of the Pre-
sident. A congeniality of humour had made them
friends. Next to himself, Mr. Lincoln admitted
Mr. Tod to be the best teller of a story in all the
West, an estimate which most people who were
acquainted with both admitted to be correct,
the only difference being that while Mr. Tod was
Mr. Lincoln's equal in the pruriency, dirtiness, and
broad vernacularity of his jokes and anecdotes, he
was somewhat his inferior in the copious fertility of
the fountains whence he drew them, So great was
the alarm created by the announcement that it was
calculated gold would rise 50 per cent. if Mr. Tod
accepted and the Senate confirmed the appointment.
But Mr. Tod proved to be wiser than the President,
and telegraphed from Ohio that he declined the
honour. Once more commercial men felt relieved,
though many who while Mr. Chase was in power
considered him a dangerous Minister would have
been glad in view of the worse dangers that might
have resulted if Mr. Lincoln's next choice should
have been as absurd as that of Mr. Tod, to hear that
the difficulty had been arranged, and that Mr. Chase
had consented to resume his portfolio. But of this
there was no chance. The feud between Mr. Lincoln
and Mr. Chase was final, and both parties intended
it to be so. Mr. Lincoln did not hesitate long, but
appointed Mr. William Pitt Fessenden, the senator
for Maine, to the dangerous post. The Senate seeing
no objection, personal or political, hastened to con-
firm the nomination, and took only two minutes
about it. Gold, which had risen to 282 on the resig-
nation of Mr. Chase, fell to 260, and when, at a
later hour in the afternoon, it was announced in
Wall-street that the Senate had repealed the stupid
Gold Bill it fell to 225, showing a fluctuation of 67
per cent. in a few hours.

It is asserted by Mr. Ch.:iise's friends that he
resigned, and was not dismissed ; that he long
meditated withdrawal from an Administration with
which he could not agree, and from the service of
a President whose incapacity he could not but de-
plore, and whose place he considered himself infi-
nitely better qualified to fill; that he would have
resigned some months ago if it had not been that
charges of corruption in his office had been publicly
brought against him by Gen. Blair, a person high
in the confidence and friendship of Mr Lincoln ;
that an investigation into these charges had been
ordered by Congress, and that, pending the inquiry,
his resignation might have appeared to his enemies,
if not to his friends, as a tacit admission that the
charges were true. The investigation having closed
end the insinuations against Mr Chase having been
dismissed, as without warrant or excuse, he deter-
mined to carry out his previous purpose and place
his resignation in Mr Lincoln's hands. It is
asserted by others, who claim to be in Mr Chase's
confidence, that he was further impelled to this
c9urse by the refusal of the President to appoint the
person whom he designated to succeed Mr Cisco in
the important office of Sub-Treasurer in New York,
and of Congress to pass such a stringent system of
taxation as would meet the interest of the public
debt, and pay at least some portion of the current
expenses of the war, Furthermore, it is believed