The Sun.
London, England, 1863-12-01 00:00:00

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MAGAZINE DAY.

PRICE. —..— ..4d.
STAMPED ....M.

and shortcomings are of little moment, when en-
countered by such mechanical ingenuity and
Rah e.
resources as at possessed by Colonel Rains.
The details of his difficulties in the powder
mills here are too technical to aff9rd interest to
the general reader; but I may mention that
his substitution of a kind of white poplar,
called cotton wood, in the place of willow, for the
manufacture of charcoal required in gunpowder,
has been most successful ; nor can any one fail to be
struck with the ingenuity of the sensitive tube
attached to one of his projectiles, or at the adapta-
tion and improvement of Captain Blakeley's prin-
ciple of construction for rifled shells, and at many
other successful inventions of Colonel Rains's genius.
lie assures me that, having been summoned to
Charleston to investigate the cause of the explosion
which destroyed Captain Blakeley's big gun on its
first discharge, he ascertained beyond question that
it was due to improper loading. The remaining
Blakeley gun was successfully fired with 551 b. of
powder, and at 21 degrees of elevation, it threw its
bolt for 900 yards, the bolt subsequently careering
along on the top of the water, bound after bound,
for nearly two miles, before it sank. It must not be
imagined, because I have described somewhat in
detail the Government works in this city, that
Augusta is exceptionally conspicuous above other
Confederate cities as a contributor of war material.
It is estimated that Richmond alone furnishes 60
per cent. of all the war supplies needed by the
Confederates.

rep
E, -S APER.
assisted genius for numnfactttring alTs disp
Hindoo becomes stupendous when aided b ,t
measures of the local authorities." Our aptlis ; tly1";-' 0-
Wallah" accordingly recommends as a radis Pg. tricis:: w-
Wallah"
of the seat of government fro Cale
considers "unites every condition of a. perfec y
situation," to some cooler, better drains d,
brious locality. Matthew Arnold contributes an Alay
Spinoza, and the editor, in continuation of his " Ret;ollec-
tions of Three Cities," gives us a sketch of the gamer of the
late Dr. Kidd. Thomas Hughes finds a congenill an bject
in enforcing the necessity of our maintaining an effit
military administration, observing very truly that "It I 8 a
mere costly and cruel sham to pretend to keep up an amtY
without an effective commissariat, and hospital staff am
Wachluery," and that we have no right "to send brace men
into the field to fight our battles, whom we can neither
feed, for clothe, nor shelter, nor tend in sickness." The
second ,'art of "A Son of the Soil" maintains the interest
of the fiat, and chronicles the country lad's initiation
into Scottish university life.
LONDON Roc.rEak—Our aerial navigators occupy
the first place in tLis number, and the history of
balloons is graphical's' and interestingly sketched
in it. Balloons have occa3ionally been put to
other uses than meteorological sstience or the amuse-
ment of wondering crowds. In tare battle of Liege,
during the French Revolution, the succes's of the victors
was attributed to their use, since the weak places in 'lie
enemy's lines were perceived through their means. n
other occasions a surprise was prevented and a fostress
speeted through the agency of balloons. The article con-
cludee by quoting Mr, Coxwell's views on the subject. He
reminds us that balloons have only been invented 80 years,
and that SO years after men first attempted to travel on tins
hwoapt ee
fruthl
aouirk;uversiesselfsrwomertehbeuctosmorprayriasffoani. To be Let, withrs so that he drastsS
Immediate PaeSeSSion" is the title of a sketch which pour-
trays the miseries of a bachelor in a quiet street. " Her-
bert Frenr's Perplelitior is the title of a Christmas love
story, reconnting a lover's troubles; and
``Up in the,
Clouds" terminates the arrative of an amateur ballooner,
being this time not fact but fiction. The topographer will
A' Mayfair a Hundred Years
read with interest the paper on
Ago," and will learn from it some' of the secrets of our street
nomenclature. Mayfair, it seems, derived its nawhile the
me from a.
fair held there in the opening days Of
May,
origin of Brook-street may be traced w I.he brook which
once gave its name to Brookfield as the lilt:Arid north of
Illustrations
the present Piccadilly was then called. The
are, as usual, animated and life. like.
ST. JAMES'S MAGAZINE" The King and the
.
Maids of Honour" is the title of the first article, and
it apparently follows suit to the papers on " article,
al
Favourites," for it sketches the careers of
d'Hautefort and Mlle. de la Fayette, the two pia,-
tonic favourites of Louis the Thirteenth. "Picture
Books and their Makers" is one of the most attractive
essays in the number, telling us the story of the early illus
trators of books, which are some of them curious from
their, antiquity—others interesting from their pathos.
" The .substitute" is a lively sketch showing how a quick-
wittedith Amorican damsel proved too "'cute" for her Eng-
l3oadmirer. " Annabel's Dream" is the story of a terrible
vision fufilled to the letter. " Aubrey Marston" termi-
nates somewhat abruptly, and " Madeline Graham" ap-
proaches a climax, so there is no lack of entertainment for
of
the lovers of fictior. The authorthe essay on " Poems
gives about Babies" us some rellections on "Bridal
Poetry," suggested by the Royal wedding, and the second
part of " The Science of Good Cheer"
will at ract the epi-
cure. Captain Drayson has an article on the wonderful
skill possessed by the dwellers in uncivilised countries in
following the traces of an animal through the wilds.
FBAsEB„—A lengthened and thoughtful paper on
I, Women and Scepticism" considers this attitude
which it best becomes an educated and conscientious
woman to assume with regard to the theo-
logical vagaries of the day. It is followed
by " Sketches in China," well written ands
agreeable enough, although little that is new remains to be
said on such topics. "The Reforms of the Future" is an.
essay from the pen of a writer who does not conform to the
"Rest and be Thankful doctrine of Blairgowrie. " Our
population," says this critic, " grows both in numbers and
intelligence, while neither out lnd nor our instituti,ons
howaever, to be ranked amoisg
grow." He is by no means,
wholesale innovators, and he most approves of that condi-
tion of things in which "the public organism can grow of:
itself and change with the changing state of the people?'
The various aspects of the questions of the day, the matters
in which reform is an urgent necessity, and those in which.
it can afford to wail and forget another generation, aro
inquired into, discussed, and assigned to their respective
places. Without at all expressing wholesale conformity
with his views, many of the theories put forward by the
writer are just and sensible. The conclusion at which ho
finally arrives is that, with the exception of one or two
questions, there is no occasion to be impatient for refikan,
for "much discussion must precede, thoughtful men must
be convinced, and details maturely considered, even.
when principles are agreed upon." It is well for
those who can conscientiously adopt this theory,
since our political practice for some time past shows
little recognition of any necessity for change or pro-
gress. " A Chapter on Croakers " contains much good
sense, although it might have been advantageously com-
pressed into smaller limits. It attacks vigorously and un-
compromisingly thathabit of discontent and repinisg which,
once indulged, paralyses all honest and energetic effort. An
essay on " Plays, Players, and Critics" discourses on
The
ehe
prospects of the modern stage. An article headed " T
Polish Women and the Insurrection ascribes muc pof the
fervour and pertinacity of the Polishnational feeling to
the
high spirited and enthusiastic women of the country. The
story of "Late Laurels" proceeds rapidly. The weak and
unworthy Charles passes finally away from the scene, leav-
ing Nelly very ready to be comforted, and Margaret, it is
to be hoped, to replace his image by that of a more worthy
contribu,
Nasals,
successor. There are two or three poetical
the best of which is a charming little poem entitled luso
Dimittis."

BLACICWOOD.—" The Boatman," by Pisistratus
Caxton, is the first subject met with ; it has already
been discussed in our columns. Butler"
proceeds at some length, and becomes more enter-
taining. It is very ludicrous, when Sir Arthur
Lyle mistakes one man for another, and brings home
to dinner as the Count a very objectionable individual, and
the excitement occasioned by his presence is a good satire
on the actions of people who seem to do nothing but run
after lions, and make idols of certain individuals. Nor-
man Maitland goes on with his clever contrivances, and
hits upon a plan for Tony, which is remarkable for imsort
-
pertinence and assurance. "Tyndall on Heat" is a
of scientific paper, that discusses Professor Tyndall's lec-
tures on the subject. The highest praise is awarded to
them, and the interesting facts that are
on; contained in the
course of the lectures are duly commented up
the same time, while expressing admiration for the
great amount of scientific matter that is met with,
some amusing criticism is entered into concerning the
peculiarity of some subjects treated upon in this able
work. Thus it is said that, " When we are told
that, to produce the impression of a violet colour,
there enter into the eye precisely 699 millions of mil-
lions of these waves of ether per second, we listen with
more of admiration than of faith." From the quotations
that are occasionally taken from the work in this article,
it is evident that those desirous of increasing their know-
ledge in this particular branch, cannot do batter than pos-
sess themselves of the lectures, and to peruse them atten-
tively. "The Navies of England and France, from a
French Point of View," is a paper that is sure to attract
notice at this juncture, and which affords us a very good
insight into some of the views of our neighbours, which
knowledge it is all times most essential to gain. Notwith-
standing the ability, and also, to some extent, the impar-
tiality which pervade these pages, there creeps into the
inquiry occasionally some of that jealousy of feeling,
and disparaging tone of remark, which seem in
some sort inseparable from the writing of a foreigner.
Still it is from these captious remarks that the wise will
learn and the mistaken ones take head to the error of their
ways. Due credit is here given to the spirit which has
animated the writings of M. Raymond ; and, indeed, it is
quite refreshing to meet with anything approaching to
candour or courtesy in the criticisms of a rival. M. Ray-
mond has the sense to appreciate and the manliness to ac-
knowledge the greatness of England in many respects, and
thus accord his tribute of praise where many might content I,
themselves with the declaration of the errors that exist in
the system adopted by a nation, while they withhold all re •
cognition of its merits. " Chronicles of Carlingford" brings
some striking scenes before us this time, and the reader's
patience will be severely taxed with the conduct of Jack,
who is indeed a despicable character. Such men are the
pests of society, ever intent on their own ease, and caring
nothing for the comfort of ethers. It is a very amusing
scene in which the wily reprobate imposes upon his three
credulous old aunts, and affects the returning• prodigal.
No wonder that poor Frank Wentworth was aghast at the
success of the imposition, and also in no small degree in-
dignant at the reflection upon himself which was imputed
to him by these zealous welcomers of the lost and found.
Affairs are becoming more complicated with regard to the
rest of the dramatis persono, and this section of the
"Chronicles of Carlingford" bids fair to rank equally high
in the estimation of its readers as its predecessors. " Per-
sonal Identities" is one of those suggestive sketches that
one is glad to meet with
em no
blend pheiw and thnlosophy in the
with pagefancy.
s of a
magazine, and which se to
A clever idea is started in this article that a new series of
" Imaginary Conversations" might be written between the
"New Self" and "Old Self" of many persons. Certainly
it would be a startling sight to some to regard their
old figures, mentally and physically, in the
mirror of memory reproduced in an undisputable form.
There are many quaint phrases and many homely illlustra-
tions in this little sketch, which may recall the past with
truthful force, and serve to scan the present and foreshadow
the future for us with skill and accuracy. " The Wigtown
Martyrs" raters to some altercations which have arisen as
to the validity or non-validity of Lord Macaulay's assertion
respecting the execution of two women in Wigtown for
their religion. " The Invitation" is a very lively adapta-
tion of a well-known nursery tune to suit the transactions of
a political pastime now in practice. "Books on the Ame-
rican War" cites a goodly number. One of the advantages
which the rest of the world, the celebrated nous autres of
French parlance,gain from these wars and rumours of wars,
is certainly the immediate conflux of books on the subject,
on all sides, and from all quarters. This makes a good
theme for discussion in an article. It is truly said that the
t
involuntary historians who have written these books are
as witnesses in the cause, and " marshal the facts urf;
which the great jury, Posterity, will deliver the verdict.n
At the conclusion of this summary of the work,
are:000 Worthy
marks are made concerning Charleston, which the
of notice. The writer expresses, in the firettoPfull:__
opinion that the place is not inevitably
The example of Sebastopol proves the drifgc.ed:
unlimited supply
ing an uninvested intrenched
foramp with an_tz. In- the case
lty of captur-
of material, and free access reinforce
ed; for whereas
of Charleston these difficulties are 019
o_ulysyzarech the baton by
than ced
at Sebastopol reinforcements could
long ruinous marches, and were air
reinforcements to any
anent loss or fatigue from
wished with supplies b
by the fresh and,troop spathed
France and Engla at Charlevreftournis
troops to Gillmore by
required extent can be sang: seaY
railway, far more rapidly lines of hostile intrenchrnents,
The case is that of two
ition and access are on the side
where the advantages of poe
of the defenders.
This magazine has d •
m
MACMILLAN'S.-- decidedly
te and is at the same time better
improved of la
d more
worth reading all interesting than of old.
by the talented author of " R
The nevi sto./ avens-
is
one of its prominent attractions, being
hoe "
original, and, as yet, full of incident.
decidedly
• carried on in a somewhat complex f •
It c fashion by a double
Burton's
~..ead—Jamesstory alternating with the adven-
rur'es of Mr. Secretary Oxton in a manner less confusing to
the writer than to the reader. It is notdifficult to see how
the two distinct narratives will be
subsequently interwoven;
and, indeed, the author takes no pains to conceal the con-
nection—the escaped convict whom Mr. Osten encounters
in his solitary ride after Lieutenant
Hillyar having been at
once identified by him as Samuel Burton, the black sheep
of the Burton family. Samuel Burton had formerly been
servant and confidant to the eldest son of Sir George Hill-
yar, and now, at the opening of the story,master and man
have alike found h t eir way to the antipodes on different
errands, It is
probable that, as the story goes on, it will
develops into a tale of considerable interest and excitement.
Mrs. Gaskell contributes a memorial sketch of a hero of the
Federal lines who devoted himself to tho care and encou-
ragement of a regiment of coloured troops, and who fell at
their head while storming Fort Wagner. Doubtless both
sides can furnish many such examples of sactifice and
usent-
devotion for what they esteem the general good, and ceo_
for
less homes in all the States of the Union haveTinheouJZ
etters
the dear ones balled away to return no more. The
late
occupied
from a Competition Wallah,"
which
have
are continued,
a prominent position in the pages of Nact7
ict of very serious
and are devoted this month to a
life Lc climate on Euro •
importance—the effect of Indian
litfst:lch should be the topic
peen residents. It is singular thbarou
ght us the disastrous
selected just when the mail hals
Probability long ere this
intelligence that in all hump
has succumbed to toe
another of our foremoskte n
of.
The state of Calcutta and
evil influences here spo
10-Indian official life, are matters
the risks attending
negngage much serious attention, and,
which will b® likely
• description hero given of the sanitary
to scrip
according 3 "itis hi h time that con-
dition of the of 'I
a aces, g at some-
was done to effect some change. Statistics," says
thing g
writer of this article, in speaking of the Black Town,
ti cannot express the state of the native streets. The un-

—..--,.................
Foreign 3/ail Packet List.

AILS I) VE.
Australia and Mauritius, via Southanipton.• • • • .•Doc. 19.
via Marseilles Dee. 13.
Brazil and Cape Verds, by 13ritiAa packet. Dec. 4.
Cape of Good Hoped, e, Ascension, and St. Helene Dee. 29.
China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton. Dec. 2.
via Marseilles Dec. 1.3.1

Falkland Ial:d: ......Dec.*****************************************************
. ......
. 2.
Ceylon,
via Southampton.. Dec. 2.1
so
d vi u.
Marseilles. ...Dec. 13.
............Dec. 12.
=frijol,
evulatta), aa
India (BornbaYi. v!
pnotartta,ugiliwit, . and ........ vi,:.s.o ................ .. DDDlecec... 642-...
via Marseilles Dec. 6.
NewfoOurb,l*.widalilfsh N. :A.. la"e.r;CEt., 'by ..... ..
.pas e.k. es ts DDee: 36.
un_ ............
w.C. of Africa, Madeira, and T
byenUer,iSffe. packet....
by Canadian packet. Dec. 4.
BahamaB, via Now York Dec.. W.
MAllexpiwari.; .o.f.ic; Dec. 17.
California. and British ....Dec. 29.
Cinoelluumditniga.C. Chili, Peru, I Dec. :18.

Horniman's Tea is choice and strong, moderate
in price, and wholesome to use. These advantages have
secured for this Tea a general preference. It is sold in,
Jackets by 2,280 Agents.
STATE NUPTIALS.—The Washington despatch of
the 11th ult. to the New York Times stated that
"Miss Kate Chase was married that evening to Senator;
Sprague in the presence of the President and the Secretarie
and Assistant. Secretaries of Departments, the Foreign Hi"_
nisters, and the relatives of the bride and groom;
cam'
ceremony took place at half-past 8 p.m., and the pull
„17
ception was to last from 9 to 12 o'clock. The bridalcL gl2,rg_
estimated at over 60,000 dels., were to be exhilate.e•lsland
ci
wealthy mercantile connections of the young Rb°Lonials
Senator had been generously profuse in their the
Cit
the y
to the bride. Accommodation for 40 guto_lsinard,B.,, An,
of Providence alone had been engaged lif tlolr, Spragueooo dols,
American paper states that the brother
bought the trotting mare California Dt e .
ride.
as a present from the bridegroom to
sh. D
they always aura.
ADVERTISEMENT.]—AvoId medicilisre
ry. '8 Delicious Health
vats chronic complaints, but Dud,
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Restoring Revalonta Arabica Food. Which
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otfselefirr
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complaint, wasting away for seven.
to the most disordered or
No.
58,216 of the Marchioness de
of 60,000 Cures :_Cu
Paris, ofwith a nervous palpitation all over, bad
cons"—eadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lord
years, debility,
f Ant sleeplessness, the most intolerable nervous
e.
___s c rLbaar bi
al ej anonolly:y,
asthma, cough, constipation,
and va or mi tl inn:,
diag,igteastiti:nn: "Id dr Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of man ,
Stuart de Decies,
__ „
ye
s, . _ . V Years
„.
___Na. 49,8= Fifty
dyspeps,...
from dy,p0,1_,.. nervousness,
flatulency',
___
_r
Cure spasms, sickness,
No. 46,24°- .51 •James Roberts,.. of Primley, Surrey, of
thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derange.
meat, and partial deafness.—Cure N0..17,1,21. Miss Elizabeth
Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low
spirits, and nervous fancies. Cure No. 54,516. The Rev. Jas.
T. Campbell, Pakenham, Norfolk, " of indigestion and torpi-
dity of the liver, which had resistc 1 all medical treatment."
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by the
prevent the whole of the body being jeopardisedranc,
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