The Sun.
London, England, 1864-08-04 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THMISDAY EVENING, AUGUST 4, 1864,

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29 Si
1021 I

Lord Sohn Manners on Agriculture,

The annual gathering of the Leicestershire and
Waltham Agricultural Society took plan) yesterday
at Market Harborough. The show was good and
th© attendance very large. Upwards of 600 ladies
and gentleman sat down to dinner in a large pavi-
lion on the showground. Lord John Manners, M.P.,
presided, and among the guests were Lord Berners,
Viscount Ingestre, M.P., Lord Curzon, M.P., Mr.
Packe, M.P., Mr thrtopp, M.P., Mr Hunt, M.P.,
General Gisborne, Mr R. Gough, Mr W. W. Tailby,
Mr Spofforth, Mr Bennett, the Dean of Waterford,
kc.

After the usual loyal and constitutional toasts
had been given and duly honoured, _ _

The " lit,alth of the Members for the Counties of
was divan and warmly
Lre,:iecie:etder. and Northampton',

The toast was acknowledged by Mr Packe, Lord
Curzon, 11Ir Hartopp, and Mr Hunt.
The CHAIRMAN rose to proposo the toast of the
day. After complimenting the company on the
show, which, he observed, had never been exe,eiled,
the noble lord said—You will now expect me to
take stock of the agricultural proceedings and
operations during the past year. A good deal
has been said of the ravages which the disease im-
ported in foreign cattle has made among our own
beasts; but still, in spite of those ravages, I think
I may say that, with the exception of the low price
of wheat, produced to some degree, no doubt, by the
abundant supply which was vouchsafed to us by the
last year's harvest, speaking generally, the agricul-
tural community has not had much meson to com-
plain. With reference to that low price of wheat,
I think I am not wrong in asserting that the time
has come when it behoves the farmer to consider
deliberately and maturely whether for the future
wheat ought to hold that primary place which it
has hitherto held in his affections, and to say whe-
ther to a certain extent some other crop may not be
introduced to supply the place of that which may
in some degree be profitably diminished. (Hear,
hear.) Now, in order to arrive at a just solution
of that question, I think it absolutely essential for
a moment to glance at the condition not only of
English agriculture, but of English
manufactures;
and if in that wider glance we see reason to believe
that a crop not hitherto cultivated to any appre-
ciable extent in England may profitably be substi-
tuted in some measure for that crop which during a
series of years has in the opinion of many practical
men failed to give a sufficient remuneration to the
grower, I hope I may be excused if I venture to
draw your attention to that not unimportant sub-
ject. (Hear.) Soon after the outbreak of the pre-
sent desolating American war I ventured at a large
gathering in Leicester to call attention to the pro.
bable increased demand which would arise for flax
woollen goods. With regard to wool, we are
well aware of the enhanced price of that commo-
dity, and I think no English farmer—and certainly
no Leicestershire farmer—requires to be reminded
of the remuneration which he is receiving from a
diligent cultivation of wool. But with respect to
flax I fear that the question assumes a different cha-
racter. I rejoice, however, that during the last few
months two members of this society have ventured
on that experiment, and with your permission I will
add a few words which I hope will induce others to
follow their example. Within the lest few months we
have had an important Government official report
upon this subject, and that report has been published
by the Government for the edification and instruc-
tion of the people. In that report Mr. Baker ex-
presses his anxious desire that every English far-
mer will for the future grow no less than five acres
of flex. I do not presume to be so sanguine as Mr.
Baker, but I venture to express an earnest hope that
the soil will be found sufficiently favourable for that
venture to the farmers of England, and that the
farmers of Leicestershire will not shrink from trying
that experiment. (Hear, bear.) I may be told that
there is little soil in this county that is favourable
to the growth of flax. I cannot set my opinion
against that of any practical gentleman present, but
I think, speaking generally, that some misapprehen-
sion exists on this subject of the soil. True un-
doubtedly it is that what is called a good dry loam,
a strong subsoil, is the most favourable ground for
the cultivation of flax; but, after all, the main point
is to arrive at a clean, dry, deep bed for the flax seed,
I think I see a sufficient representation of agricul-
tural skill before me to know that other soils besides
those foams can be very easily made available for
that purpose. [A Voice—Hos7 will it pay P] I hear
a gentleman inquire, " How will i: pay ?" And that,
after all, is the important question ae issne—(hear)
and the gentleman will find a full and amble answer
in a little work which has recently been pu;;Jished
by a practical farmer, who has for many years trsed
the experiment. Mr. Charley gives you a course of
practical results, and shows that the lowest clear
prcfit per acre is £3, and
the highest £l5 10s, and
that
profithavet is £9.
(Hear, hear.) I do not
presume
been the mean profits of
ht cultivation during the last six years in the
wheat
et a the
c meantlo ask
country, but I believe that if you can get a profit of
£9 per acre it will not be an unprofitable mode of
asked," Can you depend or.
c(tlllineleiciavOnaiiinnßg;:auteeetonifrtytahyraebgtee' a portion of your farms.
reat demand which at present
in
linen
exiets ?" On looking at the report of Mr. Baker I
great demand for flax linen
find that there is a very
goods not only in the United Kingdom, but through.
out Europe ; that at the present moment the
France are working day and
manufacturers are cry-
ing out for more flax—that upwards of 200,000 new
have been ordered at
flaganpi night--that
:Ispindles
hfao tr manufacturerstHag
machinery
Irish
Leeds and Bradford during the last few months—
and that there is among those conversant with the
subject an apprehension of a flax famine. (Hear,
hear). I think you may rely upon it there is no fear
of any present remunerative demand for linen goods,
and I may say, further, although the Irish farmers
have been lately so stirred u-
p that they have added
during the last year 64,000 acres to the cultivation
of flax, upwards of one ball the raw material worked
up in the United Kingdom comes from abroad, and
that supply is estimated at not less than six millions
of money. (Hear.) The 84 millions of money we
are now sending to Archangel, to India, and good-
nees knows where, for the supply of that charming
little plant which might be grown on our own soil
to be afterwards worked by our own countrymen.
(Hear, hear.) If there be say disposition in the
Leicestershire agricultural communit-
y to make this
as I think an easy and hopeful venture, I shall be
proud and pleased to offer a humble prize for the
best sample of flax that can be shown at our newt
meeting. (Cheers.) Having addressed myself to
that topic which seemed to me to be most in ac-
cordance with the objects of this
meeting, I will
now say a few words on
.the uneventful Session
which has just closed. With the exception of the
abortive attempt to legislate on, and if possible to
prevent, the entrance of diseased cattle into our
ports, I am not aware of any important measure
that has received the sanction of her Majesty di-
.; rectly affecting the interests of agriculture. A
measure, it is true, has received the Royal assent;
but when four members of Parliament have ad-
dressed you without making any reference to it, I
think I may be pardoned if I assume that it is not
one that greatly stirs or excites the agricultural
mind. I allude to the Act which Permits those who
are interested or engaged in agriculture to malt
barley for feeding cattle. (A laugh.) I heard the
mention of that Act received with derisive cheers,
and t confess I am not in the least surprised at such
a reception. But although the Act is a dead letter,
yet indirectly I think we may attribute a certain
degree of importance to it. A movement took place
daring the autumn and winter in favour of the re-
peal or a great diminution of the malt tax. But
tending 1 before any proposition in that direction
could be brought before Parliament, the Chancellor
of the Exchequer feeling, as I suppose, the impos-
sibility of maintaining under a system of free trade
a law which prohibited the producers of barley and
the manufacturers of meat from dealing as they
might think best with an article of agricultural
produce, introduced the measure to which I have
referred. When its burdensome and troublesome
provisions were made known, I do not think there
was a practical man in the country who believed
that any good would come of it, and I am not stir-
-1 prised that en agricultural assemblage attaches no

importance to the mutter directly, but indirectly
I think the measure, after the admission of the
Chancellor of the Exchequer, will tend to a great
reduction, and the question can no longer be treated
with lighteress or derision. (Hear ) My belief is that
if the discussion of that question is persevered in
with moderation and temper, and if the interests of
the great body of consumers are identified with
those of the producers of barley and the manufac-
turers of meat, the question may be pressed in a
future session to an eventful issue. (Cheers.) Inte-
resting, painfully interesting, as the past session
has been to all who love the good faith, honour, and
dignity of this country, I am not aware, with the
two exceptions I have mentioned, that anything has
occurred which necessarily calls for any remark
whatever. Speaking generally, I should say that
the partial collarse of that great industry which de-
pends entirely for its raw material on foreign sup
plies, the continued and remarkable advance of these
manufacturing industries which ci!aw their supplies
of raw material either altogether or eLietly from our
own country or our own colonies have, in spite of
the comparatively small imports of foreign ea!tle,
all have combined to create in public opinion, both
within and without the walls of Parliament, a far
greater appreciation of the enormous national
importance of those homely old-fashioned opera-
tions to which you, as a society, are devoted. I
believe that the run of common sense has in that
respect set in, and that there is not at the present
moment a manufacturing township in the north in
which the transcendent importance of a good har-
vest and of agricultural improvement is not fully
and cheerfully recognised--(hear, hear)—and when
we talk of agricultural improvements we do not in
this society mean only the application of fresh skill
and industry and capital to the soil, we do not mean
only the increased return from a grateful soil which
will follow that application of capital and industry,
but we mean the advancement in the social scale of
that great and deserving class, the tillers of the soil,
whose virtues, whose skill, whose industry, and
whose good conduct, this society recognizes and en-
deavours to encourage and promote. Animated,
then, by the conviction that the promotion of agri-
culture subserves the best interests of all classes of
the English community, and that these societies
and these gatherings tend to promote that bene-
ficial result, I ask you to join me in drinking
"Prosperity and success to the Leicestershire and
Waltham Agricultural Society." (Loud cheers.)
Several other toasts were given, and duly
honoured.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE—This Day.

MARLBOROUGH-STREET.

THE EXTRAORDINARY CHARGE OF EURGLARY,—A
few days ago a young man, named Philip Selby Moss, who
gave an address at Manchester, was charged at this court
with burglariously breaking and entering a house in War-
dour-street, he having entered the house by climbing up
the street door and forcing himself through the fanlight.
He told the persons in the house that he had come there
for protection in consequence of being pursued by several
thieves. The prisoner's conduct was so singular that Mr
Knox considered that no burglary was contemplated and
that the young man's mind was affected. He therefore
remanded the young man that his friends might be commu-
nicated with.

This morning Mr Smith, a wholesale stationer, ac-
quainted with the family, attended, and stated that he had
seen the young man at the House of Detention, and that
he believed he was not in his right state of mind. Amongst
other things he had told him that he had been pursued by
12 men, snd that he had 10 sisters.
Mr Knox said he had received a letter from Mr Alder-
man Heywood, of Manchester, who knew the family, and
from inquiries that gentleman had made, he found that,
having been refused admission at a late hoar by his sister
to their house, he had left the place, and nothing further
was heard of him till the reports appeared in the papers.
Mr Smith said one of the young man's sisters would
attend and take him back with her if he was allowed to go.
Mr Knox said he should have no objection to give him
back to his friendr, being under the impression the young
man was not in his right state of mind.

A gentleman said the young man had been subjected to
fits, and once jumped from a high window, but that was
two years ago, since which time there had been no recur-
rence to the fits.

Mr Knox observed that the best thing that could be done
would be to put the young man under medical treatment,
When the young man was brought before him to-morrow,
if his friends were in attendance, he would be given up.
A SOLDIER CII.IIIGED WITH WILFUL DAMAGE.—James
Edward Smith, a private of the Grenadier Gnat de, was
charged before Mr Knox with wilfully, while drunk, da-
tnaging two bell handles, the property of Mr Parker, of 21,
Portland-street, Soho.
Mrs Parker said that on the previous afternoon an oyster
shell was thrown through an open window on to a landing
of her house, and shortly after she heard violent knocking
and ringing. She went down to the door, and found the
prisoner violently ringing the bells, and making use of the
most disgusting language. Damage was done to the bell
handle to the amount of 6s.

Mrs Williams, residing in the same house proved seeing
the prisoner hammering the bell handle with the buol►le of
13.9 belt. He accused her cf having robbed him. The
priso:ler was very drunk.
Sergetoat Edwards, C 2—Saw the prisoner, who was very
drunk, stan,ling at the door of the house surrounded by a
large crowd. The prisoner, who had his belt in his hand
at the time, admittei breaking the bell handles, but said
he would pay for them.
The prisoner said he went down the mews at the side of
the house and some water wag thrown over him, and he
only went to the house for satisfaction when a piece of
crust of bread was thrown in his face.
The prisoner's sergeant gave him a fair character, but
paid he had been absent five days.
Mr Knox ordered him to pay the damage, a fine of 10s.,
or in default to be committed for 14 days.