The Sun.
London, England, 1864-01-26 00:00:00

THE EMBARRASSED in Town and Country
should read " THE PLAIN GUIDE TO BANK-
RUPTCY AND COMPOSITIONS," showing what can be
legally dyne, and the exact cost. To be had gratis and post
free of Mr. Wetherfield, Solicitor of the Court, 25, Moorgate.
street, Bank.
N.B. —Debts recovered on commission, without law ex-
penses to clients.

(IRNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library,
and Dining-room, consisting of a new and eiegant assort-
ment of VASES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Ink-
stands, ~eautiful inlaid Tables, Paperweights, &c., in Italian,
Alabas er, Parian, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, &c.
Imported and manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mine-
ralogist to her Alajesty, 149, Stand, W.C., Lonnon.
Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS,
MINERALS, ROCKS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly
facilitate the interesting study of MINERALOGY, CON-
CIIOLOGY. and GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas
each.
PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE-
RALOGY is given by Mr. TENNANL at 149, Strand, W.C.

JA.AMBERT'S ASTHMATIC BALSAM.—AN
_ILA EFFECTUAL TIEMEDY, without confining the bowels
or affecting. the head, truly efficacious and pleasant, is ad
mitted to be the best medicine for immediately relieving
coughs, colds, confirmed cases of asthma, and incipient CO7i-
sunaption. It frequently cures persons whom the faculty
pronounce incurable, admirably allays the tickling which
Provokes frequent coughing. In approaching consumption
its effects an truly beneficial. Persons deprived of sleep, or
even lyin,4- down for fear of sufLfcation, may depend on relief
fri, a few minutes after taking. it. Prepared on,y and sold by
'IN. LAMBERT, Chemist. S, King-William-street, Charing-
cross, London, and by all drugg•sts, in bottles, 1.3 d., and
three quantities in one, 2s. id. each. Be particular- and ask
for Lambert's Asthmatic Balsam, The name and address ae.
engraved on the stamp.

There is still a " downwtrd tendency" in affairs here, and
during the past week there has been a very serious increase
in the distress. At present there are about 1,000 more per-
sons in the receipt of relief, either charitable or parochial,
than last week. A great increase is apprehended this week.
A few of the mills in the town have extended their hours of
labour, but for every move in this direotion there are two in
a contrary way. Manufacturers appear to be in a " fix ;"
they want to open their mills fully, but dare not; prices are
irregular and dangerous; stocks rise and fall, and continu-
ously fluctuate in quantity, quality, and value ; the basis of
operation is superficial ; and until prospects become clearer
and cotton cheaper, better, fuller in supply, and less sub-
jected to the whims of speculators, no practical amelioration
will ensue in the condition of the operatives. Just now
cotton buying, and selling, and manufacturing seem to con-
stitute a game rather than a trade. In Preston there are
28 mills entirely closed, and 11,299 operatives totally out of
work. The number working full time is 9,119 ; the number
employed short time 7,006. In the whole union of Preston
there are 5,344 cases of pauperistu,,inclucling 14,367 persons,
whose weekly relief costs upwards of £9OO, This week as
compared with last there has been an increase of 152 eases,
420 persons, and nearly £3O in expenditure. In the town of
Preston alone the aggregate number of parochial cases is
4,323, comprising 11,685 persons, whose weekly relief costs
over £750. Of the increase above named 144 of the cases
and 392 of the persons live in Preston. The guardians have
2,144 ablebodied men and women in their employ. To .day
the guardians will make application to the Poor-law Board
to borrow another sum of money to meet the expenditure
of the union in excess of the amount raised by the rates.
The local relief committee have at present on their books
3,912 cases, comprising 14,024 persons. As compared with
last week, these figures show an increase of 130 oases and
478 persons. In the town of Preston the number of persons
relieved by the charitable committee and the guardians is
nearly 26,000. Last year at this time the number was about
50,000. Active preparations are being made for improving
and beautifying some of the public parks under the Public
Works Act, but it is feared that much of the labour re-
quired will bo too fine, too ela9orate for such unskilled la-
bourers as the operatives—and yet before the end many
operatives may be brought into requisition. They appear to
be very willing to learn, and many of them speedily initiate
themselves into all the mysteries of spade and barrack
work. In Preston there are hundreds of operatives who are
now capable of competing with some of the very best la-
bourers in the country, and they have improved themselves
in manual and muscular dexterity to such an extent and
" acclimatised" themselves so rapidly to the duties of out-
door labourers that those who had no knowledge of their
antecedents would be decidedly of opinion that they had
been "brought up" to such like work, and had never
touched a loom or a spindle in their lives.
A circular has just been issued by the Preston Weavers
Association, which shows what the operatives of the town
in connection with the body named think of affairs gene-
rally, past, present, and prospective. The circular says :
" We are emerging from a calamity such as the world
never witnessed, and we hope will never witness again—
and we rejoice to know, that, as a body, we have borne the
affliction without any external aid from any quarter, and
have stood together through the dire calamity with a for-
titude and patience that shows the value we set on our
trade union; but we have, for soma time back, seen a ray
of hope, and that ray is gradually expanding, and ere long
will, no doubt, shine conspicuously. We have had this de-
pression in our trade to contend with now some three
years, and we find that some of our employers have taken
advantage of that depression to lower our wages, and we
think the time is fast coming when we shall be enabled
to bring those employers up to the standard list of
prices, which list has been adhered to by the general body
of masters faithfully ; but we cannot command lan-
guage strong enough to designate the conduct of those em-
ployers who took advantage of us in our hour of need to en •
rich themselves out of our humble means, thereby enabling
them to sell their productions at a less price than their
neighbour who scorned their example. All honour then to
those employers, and when trade resumes its wonted pro-
gress, our intercourse with them will be the better in conse-
quence. We have lately seen some encouraging statistics
' issued by several eminent firms in the cotton trade, all pre-
dicting an improvement in our trade, and this, coupled
with the fact that large numbers of our body have emigrated
—some across the Atlantic, others to the antipodes, and it
is well known to all that there have not been many taught
the last three years. These three causes combined must
soon make themselves felt in our department, and will tend
materially to prevent the recurrence of such a calamity as
the one through which we hope we have nearly passed.
We have had an Emigration Society at our institution for
some time, but we are sorry that it has not had t hat mea-
sure of support we anticipated it would have received; but
when we reflect on the difficulties of your position, the won-
der is that you have been enabled with your scanty means
to exist at all, but we have it in contemplation to commence
collecting weekly, and thereby enabling us to use our sur-
plus money, to remove such of our members to other lands
as should desire it, thereby benefiting both themselves and
us by making them customers for cloth instead of producers,
and also by lessening the labour in the market, enabling us
to avoid the necessity of resorting to strikes in future ; we

therefore hope that you will coincide with us in this matter
and pay the subscription cheerfully and willingly, and we
have no doubt it will repay you a thousandfold."

BLACKBURN.

The groat decrease of employment in the cotton manufac,

tories during the past fortnight is now being sorely felt.
During last Thursday and Friday no fewer than 300 appli-
cations were made to the Relief Committee by persons
whose families numbered 1,500 souls. The ablebodied in
90 cases, chiefly heads of families, were put to outdoor
work on private contracts, and the rest had general relief
administered to them. In this way the number of persons
employed by the Labour Committee and the corporation on
private contracts and on public works under the now Act
has been augmented to nearly 1,200, little more than one-
third of whom are engaged by the corporation. The great
bulk are employed on private contracts and in improve.
ments in the parks by the Labour Committee, the funds of
which are provided by the Relief Committee and the Board
of Guardians. The great depression of trade has been felt
throughout the union, and considerably increased the
demands upon the public rates. In the Blackburn relief
district there has been an increase of 595 recipients of

parochical relief during last week, 4,956 persons having

been relieved with £264 4s 63, against 4,E61 persons with
£221 15s in the preceding week. In the union the entire
number of persons to whom parochial relief was administered
was 6,768 at a cost of £3712s 4d, against 6,236 persons with
L'324 2s in the past week, and 9,951 persons, with £617
9s 4d, in the corresponding week of 1863. Of those re-
lieved, 1,022 belonging to the Oswaldtwisle district received

£65 is 7d, and 790 belonging to the Darwen district re-
ceived £ll 16s 3d. Taken collectively, it will be observed
that last week the increase of recipients of relief in the
Blackburn district only was quite 2,000 persons, or con-

siderably more than the increase of the previous month

It is also to be deplored that the condition of the cotton-
trade renders it almost certain that a large decrease of work
will ensue this week in this district, especially in the weav-
ing departments of the extensive cotton manufactories of
Blackburn and the surrounding manufacturing townships.

WOODEN PAPER.—M. Barboux, a manufacturer
of Poitiers, is said to have made a discovery which
will effect a revolution in the manufacture of paper. He
has succeeded in manufacturing paper from various descrip-
tions of timber, such as oak, walnut, pine, and chestnut.
and from vegetables, and without the addition of rags.
Samples of various descriptions of paper are exhibited at the
office of the Journal des invenleurs. M. Bardoux asserts
that his invention will cause a reduction of from 60 to 80
per cent. in the price of paper.
ADVERTISEMENT.]—Avoid medicines: they always aggra-
vate chronic complaints, but Du Barry's Delicious Health
Restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, which saves fifty times
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Beraerhsa, n
d, Paris, of a Aver complaint, wasting away for seven
y
with a nervous palpitation all over, bad
digestion, constant sleeplessness, the most intolerable nervous
agitation, and dreadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lord
Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of many years'
dyspepsia.--No. 48r
v 320.0 sn" eFs asthma, tyyayears'
s'
indescribableough
from dyspepsia, constipation,
flatulency,
sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Jolly."
n9e,
—Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of
aney, spasms,
thirty years' diseased lungs, Spitting of blood, liver derange •
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Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low
spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure No. 54,816. The Rev. Jas,
T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, "of indigestion and torpi-
dity of the liver, which had resiste i all medical treatment."
In tins, 1 lb., 2s. 9d. ; 21b., 48. 6d ; 51b., lls. ; 1218,, 225. ; 241 b
40s.—Barry Du Barry and CO, lick 77, Regent-street, London;
also Fortnum and Mason ; and all Grocers and Chemists iN
every town of the United Kingdom.