The Sun.
London, England, 1864-01-26 00:00:00

Lam'

=~

N°. 22,335.

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 26, 1864.

L-IURNI FURS, CARPETS, R EDDING, and
jr 1.00 RC LOT CA RBI AG E- VIZ to any house in
the kingdom, regardless of amount or distance. First class
goods at second-class prices. Terms peculiarly liberal to
Clergymen and Gentlemen. An immense stock to select
rom, displayed in Showrcoms occupying an acre of ground.
Every ariicle warranted.
CLERGYMEN and GENTLEMEN ABOUT TO FUR-
NISFI are respectfully informed that Messrs. Cobbett and
are publishing an entirely New Edition ot their un-
equalled HOUSE FURNISHING GUIDE, illastrated by 41.0
admirable engravings of every description of Furniture and
Bedsteads, with prices attached. A copy sent gi atis and
post-free on application. This costly work also contains
complete estimates for furnishing on the following revised
tale :
A Six-roomed Parsonage
An Eight-roomed ditto
A Ten-roomed ditto ........
A Twelve-roomed ditto i9l 11. 0

WHERE CAN WE MEET AFTER, THE
y PANTOMIMES ? ➢fy dear Fellow, Gentlemen sup
at EVANS', Covent-garden.

Naval and Military Inteligence.
THE NAVY.

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE,

LONDONDERRY AND ENNISKU,LEN.

IZINAHAN'S LL WHISKY v. COGNAC,
BRANDY.
This celebrated Old IRISH WHISItY rivals the finest
FRENCH BRANDY,
It 14 Pure, Mild, Mellow, Delicious, and very Wholesome.
Sold in Bottles, 38. Bd., at the Retail Houses in London ; by
the Agents in the prin 3ipal towns in England ; or wholesale
at

By the mail steamship Cambrian, whirs arrived at Ply-
mouth on Sunday, we l3arn that her Majoty's screw steam
frigate Narcissus, 39, Capt, Joseph G. Bickford, flag of Itc a --
Admiral Sir Baldwin Walker, li.o 8., alth the receiving
ship Seringapatam, Capt. Jas. H. Coesburi, the screw stoma
sloop Ariel, 9, Commander Wm. C. Chapman, and the cor-
vette Scylla, 21, Capt. Richard W. Coartenay, were in
Simon's Bay on Dec. 21. The Ariel left the Mozambique
Channel on Sept, 12. The paddlewheel steam frigate Va-
lorous, 16, Capt. Charles C. Forsyth, from Simon's Bay,
arrived on Nov. 30 at Port Natal, and en Dec. 4 was pre-
paring to sail for the Mozambique Channel. Tho screw
steam sloop Zebra, 17, Commander Charles G. Lindsay,
which had been at St. Helena, arrived at Ascension on Dec.

The directors state in their report that the rent of the
railway for the six months (t 13,000) had been received
from the Irish North Western Company by weekly pay •
ments, less income tax. The transfer fees for the six months
have amounted to £4 2s 6d, the interest received on deposit
to £37 12s 2d. These, added to the balance brought forward
from the last account, of £214 198 4d,• give the gross total
of £13,306 its to the 31st Dec. last. From this amount the
cost of conveyances and land, office expenses, and the inte•
rest on loans from Government and on debentures, amount-
ing together to £1,549 12s, have been charged, leaving a
disposable balance of £3,757 2s towards the payment of
dividends and arrears. The directors recommend that the
dividends, at the rate of 5 per cent, per annum to the 30th
June, be declared and paid on the 12th February next, on
the £3,C62 lOs stock B, described in the Act 1556 and 245
half shares; also the dividends, at the rate of 6 per cent,
per annum, on the £31,850 stuck A ; also the dividends, at
the rate of 5 per cent., together with 1 per cent. on account
of arrears, making 6 per cent. per annum on £247,737 lOs
stock B, leaving a balance of £293 for the next account.
The expenditure on capital account to the 31st December
was £707,795. The total arrears of dividends on the B and
C stocks, after those payments, will amount to £60,803.

8, GREAT WINDMILL-STREET, W.
Obgerve the Red Seal, Pink Label, and Cork branded
Kinahan's LL Whisky."

LANCASHIRE DISTRESS.

Together with a Price List of purified Bedding, and a mass
of valuable infbrmationto all requiring househ )1d turn iture,
carpets, or bedding. References kindly permitted to Clerey-
men and' gentlemen in or near Great Malvern, Southampton,
Chichester. Bury, Ely, Preston, Grimsby, Ryde, Plymouth,
Wells, Oxford. Brighton, Gainsborough, Margate. Kidder-
minster, Wellington, Croydon, Cambridge, Staines, Dorking,
St. Alban's, Worcester, Ipswich, Peterborough, St. David's,
Wrexham, and above 500 other places in all parts of Great

PRESTON.

There is still a "downward tendency" in affairs here, and
during the past week there has been a very serious increase
in the distress. At present there are about 1,000 more per-
sons in the receipt of relief, either charitable or parochial,
than last week. A great increase is apprehended this week.
A. few of the mills in the town have extended their hours of
labour, but for every move in this direotion there are two in
a contrary way. Manufacturers appear to be in a " fix ;"
they want to open their mills fully, but dare not; prices are
irregular and dangerous; stocks rise and fall, and continu-
ously fluctuate in quantity, quality, and value ; the basis of
operation is superficial ; and until prospects become clearer
and cotton cheaper, better, fuller in supply, and less sub-
jected to the whims of speculators, no.practical amelioration
will ensue in the condition of the operatives. Just now
cotton buying, and selling, and manufacturing seem to con-
stitute a game rather than a trade. In Preston there are
28 mills entirely closed, and 11,299 operatives totally out of
work. The number working full time is 9,119 ; the number
employed short time 7,006. In the whole union of Preston
there are 5,344 cases of pauperism, including 14,367 persons,
whose weekly relief costs upwards of £9OO. This week as
compared with last there has been an increase of 152 cases,
420 persons, and nearly £3O in expenditure. In the town of
Preston alone the aggregate number of parochial cases is
4,323, comprising 11,685 persons,'whose weekly relief costs
over £750. Of the increase above named 144 of the cases
and 392 of the persons live in Preston. The guardians have
2,144 ablebodied men and women in their employ. Today
the guardians will make application to the Poor-law Board
to borrow another sum of money to meet the expenditure
of the union in excess of the amount raised by the rates.
The local relief committee have at present on their books
3,912 cases, comprising 14,024 persons. As compared with
last week, these figures show an increase of 130 cases and
478 persons. In the town of Preston the number of persons
relieved by the charitable committee and the guardians is
nearly 26,000. Last year at this time the number. was about
50,000. Active preparations are being made for improving
and beautifying some of the public parks under the Public
Works Act, but it is feared that much of the labour re-
quired will be too fine, too ela9orato for such unskilled la-
bourers as the operatives—and yet before the end many
operatives may be brought into requisition. They appear to
be very willing to learn, and many of them speedily initiate
themselves into all the mysteries of spade and barrack
work. In Preston there are hundreds of operatives who are
now capable of competing with some of the very best la-
bourers in the country, and they have improved themselves
in manual and muscular dexterity to such an extent and
" acclimatised" themselves so rapidly to the duties of out-
door labourers that those who had no knowledge of their
antecedents would be decidedly of opinion that they had
been "brought up" to such like work, and had never
touched a loom or a spindle in their lives.
A circular has just been issued by the Preston Weavers
Association, which shows what the operatives of the town
in connection with the body named think of affairs gene-
rally, past, present, and prospective. The circular says :
" We are emerging from a calamity such as the world
never witnessed, and we hope will never witness again—
and we rejoice to know, that, as a body, we have borne the
affliction without any external aid from any quarter, and
have stood together through the dire calamity with a for-
titude and 'patience that shows the value we set on our
trade union; but we have, for soma time back, seen a ray
of hope, and that ray is gradually expanding, and ere long
will, no doubt, shine conspicuously. We have had this de-
pression in our trade to contend with now some three
years, and we find that some of our employers have taken
adtantage of that depression to lower our wages, and we
_ _

17, and, having refitted, left Jan. 2 for the West Coast of
Africa. The iron steamship Wye, Commander V. G.
Roberts, left Ascension on Dec. 2, for the West Coast, and
was followed on the 17th by the screw steam gunvessel
Philomel, 5, Commander L. Wildman. The paddlewheel
steam sloop Gorgon, 6, Commander J. C. Wilson, from
the Capo of Good Hope, arrived at Ascension on Dec.
24, and left on the 26th for England. The French ship
of war Sarthe, from Cherbourg on Oct. 21, arrived at the
Cape of Good Hope on Dec. 8, and left on the 18th for
Saigon. Le Sais, 8 guns, left Simon's Bay on Nov. 3 for
Bourbon. The American ship of war Mohican, 6, from Rio
Janeiro, on Sept. 16, left Cape Town on Deo. 19, and arrived
at St. Helena on the 29th.

Britain.
COBBETT and CO., General House Furnishers, Depti ord-
bridge, London, B.E,

Mr. Philip Thornton, assist. master shipwright at Wool-
wich dockyard, was yesterday appointed by the Admiralty
acting master shipwright of Chatham yard, in the position
recently occupied by Mr. Oliver Lang, who is about to retire
from service on account of ill-health. In selecting Mr.
Thornton the fill the post their choice has fallen on one of
the most experienced iron shipbuilders in the service. He
was selected about 20 years ago, and was employed in visiting
the principal iron shipbuilding yards in the kingdom with
a view to the information he could obtain becoming useful
to the Royal Navy. Mr. Thornton's appointment augurs
well for the service, as, in addition to his being the senior of
his grade, he is a member of council of the Institution of
Naval Architects, His promotion has given general satis-
faction.

In accordance with instructions from the Admiralty, and
at the request of the Chief Constructor of the Navy, one of
the officials from the establishment of Messrs. Penn and
Sons, who have been selected to manufacture the engines
for the iron frigate Bellerophon, has been directed to pro-
ceed to Chatham dockyard for the purpose of making him-
self thoroughly acquainted with the new and simplified sys-
tem of construction intended to be employed in the hull of
that vessel, This arrangement has been c msidered neces-
sary in order that the massive iron bearers, &c., for the
boilers, engines, screw shaft, and other portions of the
machinery may be incorporated in the hull of the frigate,
instead of being placed in the ship independently, and with-
out reference to the frigate's frames, as is the case with the
Achilles and the iron frigates hitherto built. By this
arrangement, not only will the strength and rigidity of the
Bellerophon be very considerably increased, but the expen-
diture in alterations and fittings for the machinery will be
greatly reduced. It is calculated that the saving will be at
least 100 tons of iron, costing not less than £2,000, in addi-
tion to an equal sum for labour. The only surprise ap-
pears to be that a similar arrangement has not been adopted
in the iron vessels hitherto built.

The following appointmenis were made yesterday at the
Admiralty :—Lieut. H. T. Yeatman to the Duke of Wel-
lington—Lieut. Spencer M. Wilson to the St. Vincent—
Lieut. Adolphus F. M. Meyer to the Impregnable—John
W. H. Harvey, master, to the Gibraltar—Edwin Fenn,
assist•surg.; to the Victory—Andrew J. De Vismes, Geo.
F. Clark, and Marshall Little, master's assistants, to the
Hector—Albert Giles, F. C. L, Neville, and George W.
Henderson, master's assistants, to the Prince Consort.
Three of the old cast-iron guns strengthened on the prin-
ciple of steel and iron tubes have been tasted at the proof
butt in the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, with much success.
The bore of the gun was enlarged so as to admit an inner
tube of 21in thick throughout, constituting the increased
strength. The first gun tested contained a wrought-iron

tube, and withstood 100 rounds. The charge consisted of
281 b of powder and a cylinder, commencing at 601 b weight
and increasing at each round. As it was intended to prove
the guns, to use the technical expression, "to destruction,"
the trial was ordered to be resumed and the charge in-
creased. The gun was destroyed on the second day at the
third round. The second gun contained a steel tube within
one of wrought-iron. This gun burst into fragments at the
first round. The third gun was strengthened with a
wrought-iron tube only, and discharged 80 rounds without
showing any indications of giving way. It burst at the Blot
round. The trials were witnessed with much interest, as
they tend to prove the great advantage of the principle by
which an enormous inoi ease of strength is added to the old
cast-iron guns of which the Government have an immense
supply now lying useless.
A seven-ineh cupola gun, rifled en Sir Wm. Armstrong's
shunt system, and manufactured upon an improved prin-
ciple proposed by Mr. Anderson, Assistant-Superinten-
dent of the Royal gun factories at Woolwich, has been
completed, and vb ill be shortly transported to her Majesty's
gunnery ship Excellent to be tested against the 100.
pounder smooth-bore gun, The same species of shot—
namely, 100 pounds each—will be fired from both guns.
By the appointment of Major-Gen, 8,. Low, to the
colonelcy of the 98th Regiment, a pension for distinguished
or meritorious service is placed at the disposal of his Royal
Highness the Field Marshal Commanding-in-Chief.

think the time is fast coming when we shall be enabled
to bring those employers up to the standard list of
prices, which list has been adhered to by the general body
of masters faithfully ; but wo cannot command lan-
guage strong enough to designate the conduct of those em-
ployers who took advantage of us in our hour of need to en •
rich themselves out of our humble means, thereby enabling
them to sell their productions at a less price than their
neighbour who scorned their example. All honour then to
those employers, and when trade resumes its wonted pro-
gress, our intercourse with them will be the better in cons°.
quenc.. We have lately seen some encouraging statistics
issued by several eminent firms in the cotton trade, all pre-
dicting an improvement in our trade, and this, coupled
with the fact that large numbers of our body have emigrated
—some across the Atlantic, others to the antipodes, and it
is well known to all that there have not been many taught
the last three years. These three causes combined must
soon make themselves felt in our department, and will tend
materially to prevent the recurrence of such a calamity as
the one through which we hopo we have nearly passed.
We have had an Emigration Society at our institution foe
some time, but we are sorry that it has not had that mea-
sure of support we anticipated it would have received; but
when we reflect on the difficulties of your position, the won-
der is that you have been enabled with your scanty means
to exist at all, but we have it in contemplation to commence
collecting weekly, and thereby enabling us to use our sur-
plus money, to remove such of our members to other lands
as should desire it, thereby benefiting both themselves and
us by making them customers for cloth instead of producers,
and also by lessening the labour in the market, enabling us
to avoid the necessity of resorting to strikes in future ; we
therefore hope that you will coincide with us in this matter
and pay the subscription cheerfully and willingly, and we
have no doubt it will repay you a thousandfold."
BLACKBURN.

The great decrease of employment in the cotton manufac-
tories during the past fortnight is now being sorely felt.
During last Thursday and Friday no fewer than 300 appli-
cations were made to the Relief Committee by persons
whose families numbered 1,500 souls. The ablebodied in
90 cases, chiefly heads of families, were put to outdoor
work on private contracts, and the rest had general relief
administered to them. in this way the number of persons
employed by the Labour Committee and the corporation on
private contracts and on public works under the now Act
has been augmented to nearly 1,200, little more than one-
third of whom are engaged by the corporation. The great
bulk are employed on private contracts and in improve.
ments in the parks by the Labour Committee, the funds of
which are provided by the Relief Committee and the Board
of Guardians. The great depression of trade has been felt
throughout the union, and considerably increased the
demands upon the public rates. In the Blackburn relief
district there has been an increase of 595 recipients of

parochical relief during last week, 4,956 persons having
boon relieved with £264 4s 6d, against 4,61 persons with
£221 15s in the preceding week. In the union the entire
number of persons to whom parochial relief was administered
was 6,768 at a cost of £371 2s 4d, against 6,236 persons with
£324 2s in the past week, and 9,951 persons, with £317
9s 4d, in the corresponding week of 1863. Of those re-
lieved, 1,022 belonging to the Oswaldtwisle district received
£65 is 7d, and 790 belonging to the Darwen district re-
ceived £4l 16s 3d. Taken collectively, it will be observed
that last week the increase of recipients of relief in the
Blackburn district only was quite 2,000 persons, or con-
siderably more than the increase of the previous month.
It is also to be deplored that the condition of the cotton-
trade renders it almost certain that a large decrease of work
will ensue this week in this district, especially in the weav-
ing departments of the extensive cotton manufactories of
Blackburn and the surrounding manufacturing townships.

WOODEN PAPER.—M. Barboux, a manufacturer
of Poitiers, is said to havo made a discovery which
will effect a revolution in the manufacture of paper. He
has succeeded in manufacturing paper from various descrip-
tions of timber, such as oak, walnut, pine, and chestnut.
and from vegetables, and without the addition of rags.
Samples of various descriptions of paper are exhibited at the
office of the Journal des lnventeurs. M. Bardoux asserts
that his invention will cause a reduction of from 60 to 80
per cent. in the price of paper.
ADVERTISEMENT.]—Avoid medicines: they always aggra-
vate chronic complaints, but Du Barry's Delicious health
Restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, which saves fifty times
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Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of many years'
dyspepsia.—No. 49,832. "Fifty years' indescribable agony
from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation,
flhuutlreenY'
4,2spasms,7. 0 sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Jolly."
C iMr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of
y years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derange.
ment, and partial deafness.—Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth
t—atrNo. 6
Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low
spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure No. 54,816. The Rev. Jas,
T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, "of indigestion and torpi-
dity of the liver, which had resisted all medical treatment."
In tins, 1 lb., 2s. 9d. ; 21b., 48. Od ; Mb., 11s. ; 121 b., 225. ; 241 b
Regent-street, Loudon ;
Grocers and Chemists in
40s.—Barry Barry as
onn ;
d Co.,an No. 0;1717,
every town of the United Jilugasam,

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PRICE 4d.
STAMPED sd.

Herr von Bismark and the Prussian Chamber.

The following is the reply of Herr von 13ismark
to the speech of M. Schulze, in the House of De
puties Gentlemen,---The last speaker has given
a new meaning to the London protocol, and thaws
from that document the right of succession of the

house of Augustenburg. The speaker grounds his
conclusion on the assumption that the protocol
maintains the rights of the Diet, as far as they de-

pend upon treaties. But that cannot, under any
circumstances, be the meaning of the London pro-
tocol. The principal article of that document, Art.

2, establishes the right of the succession in favour
of Christian IX. to all lands under the Danish
sceptre. It would have been useless to come to any
conclusion had it been intended to annul one para-
graph by another. The last speaker has reproached
us with doing nothing for ' Germany.' Gentlemen,
there must be a great charm in the word 'Germany'
—(very true)—for I see that every one wishes to
speak of it, endeavouring to ;turn it to advan-
tage for party purposes. We have seen times
when it was German to turn to the Diet for
support, and when it was time to pursue a pro-
gressive policy towards it. Yon have reproached
us with having ignored Germany in order to
promote private interests. I can return the same
reproach : you ignore Prussia because it suits you
to do so—you wish to consider Prussia as a domain
of the National Verein, because it suits your interests.
The last speaker has brought forward an entirely
new phrase—he said that the minor States inclined
to Prussia for the maintenance of their indepen-

deuce. The history of the last 15 years teachesquite
the contrary; the minor States have inclined to
Austria since the treaty of Bregeuz, because they
considered their independence was more endangered
by Prussia than by Austria. We have long had to
contend at the Diet again3t the latter in consequence
of the coalition caused by the natural anxiety of the
minor States for the sovereignty, and I have myself
participated in these contests. A new state of Schles-

wig-Holstein, such as they wish for, would in a
great measure look to us for support, for we should
have a country which would be in the same position
towards Denmark as a re-established Poland would
be towards Prussia. Our object is to live in peace
with the Scandinavian States. How are we to attain
this object, if it is to be attained, does not depend

upon us. The speech of the mover, and the con-
clusions which he drew from the present state of
things, compel me to go further into the discussion
than was my intention. We may presume, as we

consider the speaker the representative of the ma-
jority, that you will reject the loan, and that I was
deceived in [the confidence that I placed in you,

Your principle motive for rejecting the loan is your
want of confidence in the present ministry. I have
therefore asked myself, ' What must we, the Y
ministers, do to gain your confidence ? It
would have to completely ignore the Prussian

constitution, the Prussian history, and the feel-
ing of the Prussian people, by consenting to

establish the despotism of this house over
Prussia, and sealing the continued depen-
dence of the crown upon this house by with-
drawing the counter-signatures, of the Ministers.
You have plainly expressed this in the report, and
a previous declaration from me that it was a ques-
tion of a struggle between the House of Hohen-

zollern and the House of the Representatives has
been confirmed. It is impossible to conduct a calm,

orderly discussion with words with which the
speakers combat us, for you will admit that that
which would be allowable in individual deputies is
is not suited to me in this place." The Minister
then passed on to different parts of the report of the
committee, and said—" At page 7 you make the
right of the Crown on war and peace depend upon
your vote. At page 8 you express a resolution to
force the Government to action. That exceeds your
constitutional rights. If anything can wrest the
constitution out of the hands of the Crown it is
this word. One dares no longer say, I act in the

interests of Prussia, and I act as a Prussian. An
open avowal of attachment to Prussian interests
and Prussian nationality is on your part impossible,
and well understood interest is naturally such as
you understand it. At page 15 you say that at
your bidding the King should carry on a war of
conquest in order to win Sleswig for the Duke of
Augustenburg. If we wish to gain your confidence
we must give ourselves up to you. What then
would the Ministers be other than Parliament
Ministers, but with God's help it will not come to
that. According to your version of our constitu-
tion, the King would be a personage with less in-
fluence over the affairs of Prussia than any influen-
tial functionary, with whom it is necessary to
negotiate in order to obtain a majority. You dis-
avow our glorious past in not recognising our posi-
tion; and in placing Prussia under the majority of
Diet, you place party interests above the interests of
the country ; you do not feel, and your resolution
proves it, for the Prussian people. This is why you
wish to express certain suppositions in reference to
the condition of the Prussian army, that very thing
shows how far you are from the people. If the
Prussian people felt as you do, I should have to say
that Prussia had outlivvd herself. But we have not
yet come to that. I remind you that Frederick
William I. declared that before all he would break
the power of the Junkers, and that he would sub-
stitute in their stead the sovereignty as a rock. This
rock, gentlemen, is still in existence, and it forms
the basis upon which rests the position of Prussia
as a great Power, and that you shall not shake
either by your resolution, your votes, or your
National Verein.

, z._______
W-i-e-e,,