The Sun.
London, England, 1852-12-27 00:00:00

TURKEY.

A dispatch from Vienna of the 21st says :—" The
news, which the Constantinople mail brings us,
state that the Bourse was still continuing. Jobbing
was increasing in spite of the prohibition of the
Government. The difficult affair of the protec-
torate of the sanctuaries has entered on a new
phase of tergiversation. A recent decision is more
favourable to the Greeks, that is to say, to the
protectorate of Russia, whereas the preceding de-
cision was more favourable to the French pro-
tectorate."

ADELAIDE, SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

During the first quarter of the present year 6,298
persons, chiefly adult males, the flower of the labouring
population, left this colony by sea, attracted by the gold
fields of the neighbouring settlements. In the same
period about 4,000 persons, as nearly as can be ascer-
tained, left the province by land, making together a loss
of population during the quarter of upwards of 10,000
souls—the entire population of the colony being only
67,000. During the preceding quarter, the last of 1851,
the loss had been very considerable, though not so great
as in the first three months of 1852, when the gold fever
was at its height. The second quarter of the present
year exhibited a decided reaction in this respect. The
number of persons who left by sea between the Ist of
April and the 30th of June was 2,268, and by land
about 800 ; scarcely more than one-fourth of the depar-
tures of the previous quarter. A comparison of arrivals
during the same periods will complete the evidence of
reaction. During the first quarter 2,872 persons arrived
in the colony by sea, and none by land ; during the second
quarter 4,928 persons arrived by sea, and, probably, 1,000
overland. In the first quarter the colony lost at least
7,000 people; in the second it gained at least 3,000. The
same restorative process has been going on since in an
increasing ratio, but in the absence of official returns it
would be unwise to particularise. At first sight it is
somewhat startling to find that, notwithstanding the vast
reduction of the productive classes, the exportation of
colonial produce was larger during the first half of this
year than during any previous six months of colonial
existence. By comparison of a few items with the cor-
responding period of 1851 this will be very clearly seen.
Wheat and flour, to the amount of 27,0361. 10s., were
exported during the first half of 1851, while during the
first half of 1852 the value of exports of the same com-
modities was 55,997/. 125., showing, in this one item
alone, an excess in favour of the latter period of 29,000/.,
exclusive of the new outlet formed by the opening of the
Overland route, along which an unknown quantity of
produce (estimated 50,0001. value) has flowed during the
latter period against nothing during the former term.
No butter or Cheese were exported during the first
half of 1851 ; during the first half of 1852 butter
and cheese, the produce of the colony, to the value of
4,6841. Bs., have been shipped away. The export of
oats has risen from 6L to 3,7381. 10s. ; of barley, from
61. to 2,064/. ; of animals, from 981. to 2,310/. ; of bacon
and hams, from nothing to 9091. ; of fresh fruits, from
nothing to 2471. ; of hides and leather, from 1201. to
1,1661. Without further detail, it may suffice to say,
that the exports by sea have increased from 358,1391.,
the declared value for the first six months of 1851, to
464,8701. 10s. during the corresponding period of this
present year. The re-exportation of imported goods
has increased in a much greater. ratio ; but as this
affords no criterion of general prosperity, excepting in
connexion with the fact that the merchants of this colony
have reaped very handsome profits from these transac-
tions, it will be unnecessary to go into details. The total
exports from January to June of 1851 were valued at
378,2591. ; the total exports during the corresponding
term of this year amounted to 730,474/. 19s. 7d. After
making every deduction for some amount of capital stock
included in this total—carts and drays for instance—as
well as allowing for the consumption of colonial produce
out of the colony by people who ordinarily would have
consumed the same at home, it must be apparent that
the community of 60,000 persons that can produce and
export in six months, under the pressure of adverse cir-
cumstances, no less than half a million's worth of com-
modities, exhibits no lack or vigour or paucity of re-
sources. An exemplification of the improved financial
position of the colony is afforded by a comparison of the
banking returns of the 26th of July with those of the
26th of January in this year. At the earlier period the
deposits in the three banks—the Bank of South Aus-
tralia, and the Adelaide branches of the Bank of Austra-
lasia and of the Union Bank of Australia—amounted to
211,0071.105. 9d. They have increased to 451,9111. 7s.
9d. The notes in circulation have risen from 84,6051.
10s. to 233,0251. The stock of gold in coin and bullion
has increased from 97,6001. 15s. 3d. to 524,7611. Bs. 6d.;
and in the same space of time the amount of paper under
discount has diminished from 606,826/. 10s. 6d. to
387,0481.175. 4d. The figures will tell their own tale
without comment or explanation. Burra Burra shares
are up to 1281. cash. Interest of money ranges from
121 to 20 per cent., according to the security offered.
Gold dust is selling at 68s. 6d. to 695. per ounce ; but
the supply is very limited, owing to a general desire on
the part of holders to deposit in the Assaye-office.
Sovereigns command a premium of 4 per cent.
On the Ist Sept. the Lieut.-Governor, Sir Henry
Young, opened the third session of the first elective Le-
gislative Assembly. The second session was a very short
one, held in January last, when the council was hastily
convened, and in one day passed the Bullion Act, the
only purpose of the sitting. Thus it is that the third
session is opened within 13 months of the election of the
council. His Excellency's address is a very able docu-
ment, practical in its suggestions and conciliatory in its
tone. It opens with a reference to the social and finan-
cial derangement occasioned by the gold discoveries in
Victoria—a mere refererce, however, because the noto-
riety of the facts rendered it unnecessary to go into mi-
nute detail. His Excellency goes on to state that, in
consequence of this derangement the revenue of 1851
fell short of that of 1850 ; and that during the first