The Sun.
London, England, 1852-09-28 00:00:00

Cheniaa .Imt

LONDriq, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 28, 1852.

England cannot fail to appreciate the noble senti-
ments which dictated the letter in which the First
Minister of the Crown announced to the Home Se-
cretary the wishes of her Majesty the QUEEN, in
reference to the funeral obsequies of the late Duke of
WELLINGTON. Those wishes, we feel assured, will
prove in every respect consonant to the wishes of the
entire population. They evidence a touching recog-
nition on the part of the SOVEREIGN of the eminent
services of the illustrious old warrior whose memory
is about to receive from the nation so splendid and
almost unparalleled a tribute of gratitude and admi-
ration. In every particular the communication ad-
dressed to the Right Hon. SPENCER WALPOLE, and
dated by the Earl of DERBY on the 20th of Septem-
ber from Balmoral, is worthy of the statesman by
whom it was penned, of the MONARCH whose emotions
it expressed, of the people to whose generosity it is
in a touching degree respondent, and of the distin-
guished man whose remains it is intended to honour
by an interment of
very unusual magnificence.
Henceforth this memoraltle document will be en-
shrined is the history of the Duke of WELLINGTON
as the crowning homage offered to a career already
rendered remarkable by so many tokens of veneration
both from the country and from the SOVEREIGN. It
the in-
will be related by the future biographers
Grace, that VICTORIA "received with
riett7i:
telligence of that death in regard
to
which of his
eiI4INIE
would
MINISTER confidently expected that the nation
."
" as one man" "sympathise with her Metaas-re
It will be remembered, moreover, by the annalist
how admirably sensitive her MAJESTY has been in this
matter, at once of the feelings of the relations of the
deceased and of those entertained by the people at
large, and by the members of the Imperial egis.a-
tare. " Although," says the Earl of DERBY, speak-
ing_ in the name of his SOVEREIGN, " although the
QUEEN could not for a moment doubt that the voice
of the country would be unanimous upon the subject
of the honours to be paid to the memory of the
greatest man of the age, her MAJESTY considered it
due to the feelings of his Grace's surviving relatives
that no steps should be taken, even in his honour,
without their approving concurrence"—and accord-
ingly a communication was at once, in the first in -
stailee, addressed by the Noble PREMIER to the
younger son of the departed for the purpose of as-
certaining the sentiments of his family in reference
to the public tribute proposed to be offered to his
" manes" in behalf of his QUEEN and of his fellow-
countrymen. Thereupon the relatives of the late
Duke having, of
course, instantly placed themselves
wholly and unconditionally in her MAJESTY'S hands,
it might have been expected not unreasonably that
the QuEanef would have forthwith issued her corn-
mends for the preparation of the intended obsequies,
without any further delay or any
additional preli-
has net been the course
minary. Such, however,
circumstances by a MONARCH ever
pursued under the circa
alive to the magnanimous sentiments of the popula-
tion. Instead of proceedieg thus
summarily
to the arrangement of the Projected
cere-
monial, her MAJESTY determined, by once more
referring the subject elsewhere, to admit the nation to
participate more immediately is the anticipated oh.
sequie3 than could otherwise have been possible sup-
posing their authorization emanated exclusively from
the personal regrets of the SOVEREIGN. That a tri-
bute of this description was demanded by a thousand
imperative considerations the QUEEN appears to have
understood upon the instant, and without one mo-
ment's hesitation. Her chief Minister has intimated
as much, indeed, in words that cannot very readily
be forgotten. He has said---" The great space which
the name of the Duke of WELLINGTON has filled in
the history of the last fifty years--his brilliant
achievements in the field—his high mental qualities—
his long and faithful services to the Crown—his un-
tiring devotion to the interests of his country—con-
stitute claims upon the gratitude of the nation which
a public funeral, though it cannot satisfy, at least
may serve to recognise." Yet the e O
a-xtu was SO far
solicitous that that act of recognition should be in
every way worthy of herself, of her people, and of
occasion, that she resolved to render it as much as
possible national and popular in its character. The

' manner in which this graceful and magnanimous re-
solution has been announced by the Noble Earl the
PRIME MINISTER of England is too remarkable of its
kind not to be borne in very particular and grateful
recollection. It is entitled to this especial remembrance
inasmuch as it is signally honourable alike to the
fame of the departed, to the generosity of the So-
VEREIGN, and to her implicit confidence in the sym-
pathetic munificence of the population. " Her MA-
JESTY is well aware," said the Earl of DERBY, " that,
as in the case of Lord NELSON, she might, of her
own authority have given immediate orders for this
public mark of veneration for the memory of the
illustrious Duke, and has no doubt but that Parlia-
ment and the country would cordially have approved
the step ; but her MAJESTY, anxious that this tri-
bute of regard and sorrow should be deprived of
nothing which could invest it with a thoroughly na-
tional character—anxious that the greatest possible
number of her subjects should have an opportunity
of joining it—and anxious, above all, that such
honours should appear to emanate from the general
will, and that the two Houses of Parliament should
have an opportunity, by their approving sanction, of
stamping the proposed ceremony with increased so.
lemnity, and of associating themselves with her
MAJESTY in paying honour to the memory of one
whom no Englishman can name without pride and
sorrow." It has, therefore, been fittingly resolved
that the body of the Duke of WELLINGTON shall
remain " under proper guardianship" at Walmer
Castle until the newly-elected Parliament has
ayrreceive
through
ec
as-
sembled, when the wisphpersoafl of the people,
the
QUEEN
il
the final and formal approval
the voice of both Ilouses of the Imperial Legisature.
Perhaps, however, the most beautiful and touching
recognition by the SOVEREIGN of the eminent services
performed to the State by the late Duke of WEL-
LINGTON—perhaps the one which of all will prove the
most to the population—is that
peculiarly acceptable
evidenced by her MAJESTY'S selection of St. Paul's
Cathedral as the most appropriate scene of our Great
Captain's sepulture. There, as the nation desires, he
may be interred " with all the solemnity due to the
mournfulness of the occasion," reposing by the side
of our immortal NELSON-93 the PRIME MINISTER
nobly and truthfully expresses it—" the greatest
Military by the side of the greatest Naval Chief
who ever reflected lustre upon the annals of
England ' Everything augurs admirably for the
grandeur and the glory of those obsequies which
will, assuredly, constitute one of the most
memorable and extraordinary incidents in the
reign of our Gracious SOVEREIGN. Every-
thing promises that the national funeral of The Duke
will crown by its splendour, in a becoming manner,
the honours not undeservedly showered upon him by
the MONARCH and by the Multitude, during the
greater portion of his illustrious and protracted exist-
ence. When these memorable and remarkable obse-
quies shall at length have been completed, England
will at least have the consolation of reflecting that to
one of her greatest sons she has proved herself not
altogether ungrateful. Whatever could be done by
the CROWN and by the Country, whether in life or in
death, to recognise the eminent achievements of the
&parted, will then to the full have been accom-
plished ! And the children of efter generations will
turn with emotions of reverence, not wholly, alas !
analloyed with those of regret, to that great Cathe-
dral Church of St. Paul's, beneath the dome of
which will thenceforth repose, side by side, the two
most glorious warriors of the Anglo-Saxon race—
England having wisely resolved to associate yet more
intimately by the contiguity of their illustrious
tombs the kindred renown of her NELSON and her
WELLINGTON.

The principles and practice of life assurance are
now universally recognised. There are few persons
in receipt of incomes more than sufficient to meet
their daily expenditure--so far as the mere necessa-
ries of life are concerned—who do not deem it ex-
pedient to set aside a portion of their receipts for the
purpose of meeting some extraordinary demand or
emergency, for which they would be unable to pro-
vide from their ordinary resources. Even persons in
the possession of accumulated atid realised property,
who are themselves placed beyond the possibility of
personal distress, so far as human foresight can make
provision for future contingencies, desire to appro•
priate a portion of their superfluities to the acquisi-
tion of additional means. The power of rendering
wives and children independent—of securing the pos-
session of an extra sum, beyond that included in the
marriage settlement, or at the disposal of the husband
or father, or, with a single man, the possibility of
entering into those sacred relations—or even the mere
desire of accumulation, although without any defi-
nite object—are sufficient to make every man of
ordinary prudence set aside or save a considerable
portion of his ordinary income.
If, however, men of property and substance are
thus provident, how much more desirable is it that
those dependent on their own exertions for support,
who owe their daily bread to their daily labour, should
exhibit similar forethought, and endeavour to secure
the means of livelihood for that period of life when
the decay of his mental or physical powers may ren-
der each incapable of " winning his ein bread."
Such persons are grossly culpable if they neglect this
palpable duty, and the acknowledged necessity of
such an appropriation is one of the strongest argu-
ments against the present unjust, oppressive, and in-
equitable assessment of the income and property-tax.
Under such circumstances, it is by no means sur-
prising that the annual savings amount to about one-
fifth, or 20 per cent. of the annual revenue. That
proportion is usually re-invested, and one of the
most popular forms—for the advantages of mutual
support and co-operation are now thoroughly appre-
ciated—is by way of " LIFE ASiURANCE." A man
full of strength and activity, confident in his own
Powers, will brave every danger, so long as life
be spared, but he must succumb to the ordinary lot
4. mortals. Death may approach at any moment,
and he feels that to be the chief, if not the only, con-
tingency
to be guarded against.
It '
S unnecessary to say that many companies
have I
been formed to meet the general de-
mand for " assurance facilities ;" some have
been in existence for many years, and have
accumulated immense property. Any establishment
indeed conducted on just and honest principles must
have succeeded A larger proportion have more re-
cently sprung existence, and they else, whenever
the management hri been
unexceptional, have
, generally speaking,
in their dealings have
exhibited
than the more an-
cient eratinldity
established concerns.
however, recently b,
An onslaught has, been made on
the junior branches by or on behalf of the seniors.
It is said that there is no sufficient se unity for the
assured—that nothing but an
am Y
ple, a colossal
paid-up capital can give that perfect guarantee
es_
sential in such a case. These cavillers appear to
forget that if their arguments were well founded, the
more ancient establishments should long since have
closed their doors in a state of hopeless insolvency—they
could not have successfully encountered the difficul-
ties enumerated, but must either have made heavy
calls on the proprietors and shareholders, or defrauded
the assurers.

We do not wish to be understood as making any
charge against the old companies. They discharge
their obligations to the very hour, pay very hand-
some dividends to the shareholders, and have large
reserved funds ready for any favourable invest-
ment. But these funds have been gained
from " the assured," and the young companies can
(10 the same, and become in due time as prosperous.
=day, more, the great experience now obtained in
matters once obscure and comparatively unknown,
"sable new companies to offer advantages to the
assured, and that without any loss to themselves,
which the traditions of the ancient offices, and the
influence of very re.pectable, but rather antiquated,
officers, prevents their rivals from sanctioning.
As an illustration of these points, we would di-
rect attention to the advertisement of a comparatively
junior company, which o will be found in another co-
lumn. There we find the board of direction com-
prising a body of gentlemen of unimpeached and
unimpeachable respectability, whose characters will
afford ample security against any unfair play or
hwiedi
insolvent. i
we
ieg,fornothngelse can render an insurance
company also
find
that the greatest
objection to life assurance,
which has prevented
many parties from availing themselves of
possibility of its advantages—the being un-

able to keep up the annual premium, is
obviated. An option will be allowed to every
person of withdrawing the sum which the policy is
pay any further premiums,
at hnedn
havingwor worth, or otrh ceasing e aesqi nu
g to pay
value secured at death.
The benefits thus conferred may be best estimated
from the fact that without such a proviso the policy
might lapse, and all previous payments become for-
feited to the society. In addition, there is
every other advantage offered by other com-
panies. "The policies are not void by suicide." Dis-
eased lives, refused by other offices, may be ac-
cepted, and payments received in the manner most
convenient to the assured. The policies will really
be indisputable, for the grounds on which the
liability could be litigated will not be inserted
in the policy, and will, therefore, not
be regarded as a warranty by the assured, a failure
of which would render void the obligation on the part
of the company. The secretary and actuary de-
serves much credit for the manner in which he has
got up the concern, for it is on that officer that
the responsibility mainly falls, and Mr. C. W.
&PAN has proved himself an acquisition to any com-
pany. We doubt, then, if any of the old companies
could offer greater inducements to new customers
than may be obtained from modern companies, and
few offer so favourable a combination as THE DE-
POSIT AND GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
The PRINCE PRESIDENT reached Marseilles from
Avignon at five o'clock, on the 26th instant. When
he arrived at the Porte d'Aix he received from the
hands of the mayor the keys of the town. The en-
thusiasm was at its highest point, when the PRINCE
got on horseback, and went through the Rue d'Aix
and the Cours, in the midst of a concourse of up-
wards of 100,000 inhabitants. Everywhere were to
be seen corps of workmen with their banners and de-
putationsof journeymen. The windows were every-
where dressed out. Upwards of 600 persons of note
awaited the PRINCE at the Prefecture, and foremost
amongst them were two envoys of the POPE and the
King of NAPLES, charged to carry to the PRINCE at
Marseilles the felicitations of their respective So-
vereigns. The Count DE ST. MARSAN, archbishop
in partibus, formerly nuncio at different courts, was
the representative of the Roman Court, and General
ROBERTI, aide-de-camp of the King of NAPLES.
At half-past six, a dinner of eighty covers was
given by the PRINCE at the Prefecture, whilst ladies
of every class of society circulated round the table of
the PRINCE. At nine o'clock the PRINCE proceeded
to the theatre, where his arrival was greeted with en-
thusiastic transports. There, as in the streets, shouts
of " Vive l'Empereur !" were universally raised. At
eleven o'clock he returned to the Prefecture in the
midst of similar cries from an immense crowd.
The municipal council of Dijon have adopted a re-
solution expressive of their wish that the Senate
should confer, within the shortest possible delay, the
hereditary imperial power on Prince Louis NAPO-
LEON. Addresses of a similar tendency have been
also presented within the last day or two by the au-
thorities and inhabitants of Septeme, Hevrieux, Cha-
vagnieux, St. Clair, La Chapelle, and Vernioz, in the
Isere ; and Argeles, in the Hautes-Pyrenees.
The .111oniteur Algerien of the 20th publishes a
fresh list of commutations of punishments granted to
the transported prisoners of 1852 by the PRINCE
PRESIDENT since the let inst. They include 1 from
the Hautes Alpes, 9 from the Aveyron, 72 from the
Drome, 3 from the Herault, 1 from the VaucluEep
and 34 from the Loiret.

The Moniteur de Armee says—" It has been re-
ported that the conspiracy against the life of the
PRESIDENT was hatched at Toulon, where the machine
is said to have been constructed. It was calculated

to make 800 victims. According the same ver-
sion, arrests are said to have been made simulta-
neously at Marseilles and at Toulon, and it is added
that the authors of the plot form part of a secret so-
ciety called the Vengeurs."
The Observateur Beige was distributed by the
Post-office on Sunday, after being interdicted en-
trance into France during several months.
Great activity prevails at present in the different
Ministries, and the chief functionaries are engaged in
preparing Bills for the next session of the Legislative
body.
The Prefect of the Seine and the Municipal Coun-
cil intend, says the Union, to give the PRINCE PRE-
SIDENT on his return to Paris a reception of such
pomp as even to surpass that of the departments.
By a recent decision of the PRINCE PRESIDENT
certain modifications are made in the allowances and
pay of generals, colonels, and other officers. On en-
tering on a campaign a general of division is to re-
ceive an allowance of 6,000 f.; a general of brigade
4,000 f.; and a commissary-general 4,000 f. The pay
of a colonel of infantry in active service is to be 6,6'00f.
a year, and of cavalry 6,000 f.
There is a long article in the Debats on the Uni-
versal Exhibitions of Industry, announced for 1853
in Ireland and New York. The Debats regrets that
these exhibitions should be simultaneous, as this cir-
cumstance must, it thinks, be injurious to both; and
it is, besides, of opinion that neither of them is abso-
lutely necessary, so soon after the Great Exhibition
of London. It is not be supposed, says the Debats,
that in so short a period industry can have made
such progress as to render other public exhibitions
necessary.
The Journal du iliivre says—" We think we may
announce that an influential company is now being
formed at Paris for the purpose of proposing to the
Government the establishment of a line of steamers
between Havre and Rio Janeiro. This company has
among its subscribers almost all the firms which have
commercial relations with the Brazils. It is proposed
that these vessels shall run every month between
Havre, Lisbon, Madeira, Goree, Pernambuco and
Bahia, and be united at Rio to a line which will run
to the other adjoining ports for the transport of pas-
sengers and merchandise."

letter from Chalon-sur-Saone, of the 25th, states
that the vintage had just commenced in the Cote'd'Or,
under very unfavourable auspices both as regards
quantity and quality.
The Bourse opened feebly, but it became:more firm
towards the close of business. The Four-and•a-Half
per Cents. opened at 104 f. 20e,,, and closed at 104 f. 30c.
for the end of the month; the Three per Cents. closed
at 771. 90c.; Orleans Railway Shares, 1,4901.; Rouen,
895 f.; Havre, 416f.250.; Great Northern, 711 f. 25c.;
Avignon, 5251.; Basle, 326 f. 250.; Paris-and Strasburg,
746 f. 25c.; Paris and Lyons,Blsf.; Lyons and Avignon,
625 f.; Westein of France, 655 f.; St. Dizier to Gray,
5451.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, SEPT. 27.
Carlheroi and Erquelines, 161,4—Dutch Rhenish, 67/8—
Luxembourg, 7 'A —Madras, 2% p,—Namur and Liege (with
interest), 7 'A—Paris and Lyons, 22%—Paris and Stras-
bourg, 293/B—Paris, Caen, and Cherbourg, 6 'A—Rouen and
Havre, 16—Sambre and Meuse, 9743—West Menders 4%
Western of France, 1134.