The Sun.
London, England, 1852-03-24 00:00:00

Pura) - 'baton

GERMANY.
We learn from Berlin that L':.ron Linden, Ambas-
sador Extraordinary from the King of Wurtemburg,
has had a private audience of the King, to,. whom he
delivered a letter from the King of Nit urtemburg
containing a satisfactory explanation of certain.. words
used during the late political excitement. After the
audience the ambassador was invited to dine with the
King at the Castle of Charlottenburgh.
It is stated that the question of the succession to
the throne of the Grand Duchy of Baden has been
settled, and that the Prince Frederic wsll be sum-
moned to the Grand Ducal office.
In Bremen the Constitution is abolished. The
senate has published the resolution of the Germanic
Diet of the 6!ti of March, by which that assembly
adopted the moliac proposed by the Senate.
L;tions
It consequently repeals the Constitution, and an-
nounces the grant of a new fundamental law.
In Vienna the Ministerial President has formed a
committee to ciosely investigate the military budget,
and to mike any proposals for retrenchment in the
expenditure that may seem at all feasible. It is
generally expected that the committee, which is com-
posed of experienced and clear-sighted men, will
propose certain reductions which will tell upon the
finances.

A telegraphic dispatch says 1,700 men from Sera-
jeno have marched into Livnor. All the Greeks and
the Roman Catholics are being disarmed. All the
Roman Catholic and Greek clergy, and the heads and
two principal magistrates of every town and village,
have been arrested. Concealment of arms is punished
with instant death. The Turks alone are excepted.
Troops are expected at G-rahowr, Glamock. and
Duvno for the purpose of suppressing the alleged
Panslavistic movement. Travellers, even those pro-
vided with Austrian passports, are exposed to the
greatest inconveniences. Many Christians, quite op-
pressed with the expenses of quartering thel troops,
have quitted their homes, and are wandering about.
The military commander of Prague, Field-Marshal
Count Clam dallas, has issued a proclamation, under
date of the 14th, which suspends the right of associ-
ations, and recalls to mind the prohibition of either
possessing or distributing exciting or revolutionary
pamphlets or papers. Every transgressor of either
of these laws is amenable to the cognizance of the
court-martial.

In Upper Austria the tide of emigration is greatly
on the increase, and this is by no means con-
fined to the mechanics or the lower classes of the
population, bat large farmers and persons
possessed of considerable landed property leave
their native soil for the purpose of trying their
fortune in America. Dr. Anthony Warren, ofNew-
market, formerly Dsputy to the Austrian Diet, has
united with himself above 100 highly-respectable
persons, who will leave for their distant transmariae
home in the course of a few days.
In Bohemia, in a district of Blowitz, an emigra-
tion society has been formed, the object of which is
to establish a Bohemian and Moravian colony in
North America.

—The illness of his Royal Highness the Grand Duke
of Baden has assumed such a serious character that
he is not expected to survive many days.

ITALY.

The latest accounts from Cagliari are of the 17th.
The greatest tranquillity prevailed throughout the
island, but no intelligence had yet been received from
the expeditionary column sent to the Nurra district.
The number of muskets collected at Sassari is 3,800,
of which 800 only belonged to the National Guard.
The rural populations, it appears, has refused to join
in the disturbances at Sassari. General DURANDO
has returned to Cagliari ; the rigour of the state of
siege has been abated at Sassari; only 35 persons ere
under judicial examination.
The Chamber of Deputies of Turin was discussing
the Civil Pension Bill. On the 19th the Minister of
Finance had presented five projects of law to the
Chamber. One of them authorised the National
Bank to increase its capital by 8,000,000 of livrey,
another proposed certain modifications in the tariff,
and a third was relative to the construction of a rail-
way between Turin and Suz=y.
The tliilan Official Gazette of the 18th inst. an-
nounces the arrival of Marshal Radetzki at Cremona
on the 17th.

The Roman Journal of the 15th inst. states that
the Pope had held a Secret Consistory in the morning
of that day, at which four new Cardinals of the Holy
Roman Church were appointed. Amongst them was
the Archbishop of Bordeaux, Monsignor Don❑et.
After the Consistory, Count Thntivoglio left for
France to convey to his Eminence the news of his
elevation.

The Piedmontese Chamber of Deputies met on the
18th inA., to hear the int‘4ellations of M. F,irraccin
relativ3 to the recent events at Sassari. M. Ferraccia
rose and said:—

" Having been summoned, with the other deputies of
Sardinia, by the Minister of the Interior, I did not think
proper to offer any opposition, the state of siege being
already decreed. Any observation I could have made
would have been tardy and useless. Besides, I was not in
possession of the inforrealou I have since received. I am
now enabled to state will certainty that the deplorable
events of Sassari were brought aboet by petty persona-
lities and insults offered by the riflemen to :peaceable
citizens, who were under the necessity of defending
themselves. The proclamation of the state of siege is,
on the part of the Cabinet, an abuse of power. If any body
be responsible for the recent commotions in Sardinia it is
the Government, which never thought of organising the
police or replacing the troops guilty of insubordination.
The Ministry asserts that Sardinia is infested with secret
societies, whose object is to separate the island from Pied-
mont. The Sardinians are animated with sentiments of
union and fraternity. The disorders and offences, re-
pressed o* certain points of the island, have been pro-
duced by want of foresight on the part of the Govern-
ment, by the &testable mode of assessing the
taxes. the obstacles thrown in the way of
industry and trade, and by the apathy of the
constituted authorities. I will never approve
measures of an exceptional character, for they recal to
my mind the period of vice-regal despotism. It would
be preferable, in my opinion, to favour the intellectual,
moral, andaicivil development of the country. I conse-
quently consider that I am fulfilling a duty, in calling
the Ministry to account for suspending the effzcts of the
Constitution in the province of Sassari, without having
been previously authorised to do so by a law:"
M. Pernati, Minister of the Interior, replied—

"The state of siege is only a concentration of power,
to
pnrsevide for extraorditevy eases by extraordinary
c`40750, • If thet concentration of power should abrogate
atutional liberties and vuppress the guarantees of
justice .
~ and individual liberty, it deserves the censure of
Parliament.
confine zft_ee._ But, it it should respect those rights, and
aelitaryZitill to concentrate in one hand the civil and
the latter erity belonging to the Executive Power,
the ConstitutieOn not exceed its attributes or violate
decree plaeina This opinioa is confirmed by the
and by a tuber in a state of siege in 1849,
from French juris of texts which I might borrow
yoked the Sarart en"' I moreover twice con- '
Gov:ales to apprise them of the
intention of the a:ent, and they unanimously
agreed that the measurefrauaisdndispensable. Thus the
Government acted with
February
and loyalty. A few
weeks before the 24th of
corny serious excesses had
occurred in the province.
attacked, and we had afterwards of riflemen was
sasseares.deplore the oc-
currences at Cagliari and
there is
one decide whence
not yet sufficiently certain data toi .If. we have
came the provocation,
il!•treatea thing Positive,
namely, that soldiers were • --• some wounded
and one killed. P, was consequently evident that thre
checked. gene, t°111:
prevailed in the province a spirit of insubordination
required to be energetically
decree establishing the state of siege, of vh,_
rn the
execution is confided to General Durando. Liberty it,
doubt should be respected, but it does not exist "'heath,
Government cannot protect order against all attack.,
from whatever side they come.
M. Stills, who spoke next, said :
" I expected that the Minister of the Interior, in order
to justify the measure, would cite conspiracies, reac-
tionary intrigues, or demagogic excesses. He adduced
no such facts. If ordinary offences be sufficient
to justify the proclamation of martial law,
why not extend it ta Piedment, where such
offences are daily committed? The occurrences at a
masked ball at Sassari were mere individual offences, and
did not constitute a revolt. The Courts of Justice alone
were Competent to try them. I consequently propose the
following order of the day The Chamber, consider-
ing that the Cabinet had no right to deprive the inhabi-
tants of the town and province of Sassari of their consti-
tutional franchises, passes to the order of the day.'

After a few words from M. Asproni, General della
Marmot?, Minister of War, rose and said—
" It is my duty to refute insinuations tending to repre-
sent the citizens as having been assaulted by the troops.
A person perfectly worthy of credit, who left Sassari
ha the 24th February, certified to the Government that
it was trio soldiers who had been ill-treated and me-
naced in their barracks. Officers and soldiers were in-'
stilted by the citizens and the National Guard. Cul-
pable violence was exercised towards them. A corporal
was wounded by a pistol-shot fired by an advanced sen-
try of the Natiolial Guild. The troops behaved rith
germ osity and magnardmity."
M. katezzi and M. Decondia k•nbsfquently vindi-
gated the conduct et' the Government. The latter
declared that the National Guard had dishonoured
its uniform by becoming an instrument of assassi-
nation. M. Sults protested against those words,
asserting that the shots were not fired by the
National Guard, but by citizens armed with fowl-
ing-pieces. M. Lione then moved an order of the
day, by which the Chamber reserved its judgment on
the measures adopted by the Government, but it was
not supported. Finally, on the proposition of M.
Gustave de Cavour, the simple order of the day was
put to the vote, and adopted by a Considerable majo-
rity.v af4..rwarda •
The Aseerubi -- adjourned.

LORD DERBY.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SlR.—Can you spare me a small space in your valu-
able, highly-interesting, and most impartial journal. If
yes, I will venture a few words on the position of the
Ministers and the Opposition. The latter complain—or
would make us believe that they do—that Lord Derby
has not been sufficiently explicit in his explanations.
Has he not been rather too much so for them? It ap-
pears to me that Lord Derby has said, as plain as words
can speak, as clearly, I may say, as A B C, and as cer-
tainly as that two and two make four, that his own indi-
vidual opinion is not in the slightest degree changed as
regards the impolicy of free trade, and I conclude that
he speaks the voice of his party, and the following may,
I think, be considered as a fair summary of his Lordship's
speeches:—A great experiment has now been going on
in this country for some years, of the =policy of which
neither I nor my party entertain the smallest doubt.
On the other hand we are well aware that a very large
and influential body of men who have a majority in both
Houses are of a different opinion, and we are, therefore,
quite aware that it would bo impossible, even
if it was advisable, and the wish of the country,
to reverse this system with the present Parliament.
Consequently, as soon as what we consider the necessary
and most impertant business of the country has been
transacted, we purpose to appeal to and teke the sense
of the country; not on the mere question, however, of a
corn-law, but upon the broad principle of protection to
British interests and British industry. As far as re-
gards protection, we do not even in the next Parliament
propose to meddle with it, unless the voice of the coun-
try is expressed most decidedly in its favour, and then
in bringing forward our measures for protection, wemost
certainly do not mean to exclude the agricultural interests.
On the other hand, again, should the decision of the
country be against us as regards protection, but in our
favour on other matters of hardly less importance, we
propose—not most certainly even then to resign—but to
endeavour to carry out the policy decided upon by the
country, fully and fairly, taking care that no one parti-
cular interest shall suffer more than, or be sacrificed to
any other; endeavouring to equalizs the weight of our
heavy taxation over all branches of industry and all
property equally, whilst at the same time relieving all,
as far as possible, by a strict economy and a steady pur-
pose in our policy. We hope, in short, the great expe-
riment having either passed away or become a fact and
a reality, to guide the nation onward in the path of
glory, and not to be driven forward by a perpetual howl
of discontent. —I am, Sir, your admirer,
FAIR PLAY.

ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY.
On Monday evening the usual meeting of the society
was held at the Royal Institution, Albemarle-street. Sir
R. J. Murchison presided. The Earl of Yerulam,
Captain Pullen, and Captain Washington Carr, were
among the new members elected.
Captain BEATSON was introduced by the President,
and read an interesting paper in explanation of the objects
of the expedition on which he is about to embark in search
of Sir John Franklin and his brave companions. He gave
a minute description of the steamer, the Isabel, 250
tons, in which the search will be performed, the pre-
cautions used to enable the vessel to resist the pres-
pre of the ice, the number of boats, among which
is a life boat, and the general equipments, which are
most complete. He stated that the crew would
consist of twelve persons besides himselr, and
provisions were provided for five years, and could
be made to last seven years, if necessary, while abun-
dant ammunition had been supplied by the Board of
Ordnance. His course, on leaving England, will bo to
proceed direct to the Straits of Magellan, thence passing
into the Pacific to Callao, and from that point proceed-
ing to Behring's Straits. Arrived at the ice, Captain
Beatson proposes to push forward to the north and
wee, along the Asiatic shore, and to get to the north as
far as possible this year. As soon as the winter com-
mences he will endeavour to explore to the east and
north-east with sledges. In the event of not
getting so far this year, he intends to winter
as far to the north-west as possible, previous to starting
in the spring. Opportunity will be taken to erect
cairns on every available cape or hill, in which will be
deposited a bottle containing a notice of his inten-
tions. Every endeavour will be subsequently used to
get to the eastward, but should this be impracticable
on account of the condition of the ice, Captain Beat-
son will make to the north. entertaining, as he does,
the conviction that if Sir John Franklin has arrived
in or about the 150th meridian, he would probably try
to proceed westward in a higher latitude. This course
he propo,es to follow year by year, until he deems that
region sufficiently explored, which the missing naviga-
tors are by competent judges believed to have reached.
In conclusion, the captain expressed his hope that he
would be favoured with moral and physical energy to
perform his task; but should he not be fortunate enough
to meet with traces of Franklin and his crews, he
should at least return with satisfactory proofs of their
not having reached the parts he proposed to survey, and
with the consciousness of having performed his duty.
Thanks were voted to Captain Beatson for his paper,
the President observing that the plan was peculiarly
his own, and that the exhaustive process of search now
in progress would leave no means untried to discover our
missing countrymen. A paper, by Mr. P. L. Simmonds,
" On Animal Life in the Arctic Regions," was then read,
which was strongly confirmatory of the views and de-
tails given by Mr. Petermann on the same subject at a
recent meeting.
Some discussion followed, in which Sir Thomas
Phillips, Dr. Trueman, and other members took part,
a very strong opinion being generally expressed with
regard to the present safety and ultimate discovery of
Franklin and his companions. Adverting to a state-
ment in some of the papers, that Captain Ray, of
the Hudson's Bay Company, had picked up a portio❑
of a fhg-staff with the Admiralty mark upon it,
the inference being drawn that it was from the wreck of
one of Franklin's ships, the President expressed a de-
cided opinion, founded on the last intelligence beard of
the expedition, that this conclusion was wholly errone-
ous, an opinion in which he was supported by the best
geographers.
A paper was read by Mr. Gassiot, descriptive of his
travels in Southern Africa, which concluded the business
of the evening.

CITY OF LONDON GENERAL PENSION

SOCIETY.

The anniversary festival of this useful charity was
celebrated last evening at the London Tavern, Vis-
count Mahon, M.P., in the chair. The Noble Chairman
having given the loyal toasts, with a few appropriate
remarks, in proposing the " toast of the evening," said
such meetings as the present were peculiar to this
country, and it was cheering to perceive that gentle-
men of opposite political principles could unite cordially
in supporting a charitable society. In pleading on be-
half of this institution, he noticed its value in seeking
out and supporting he decayed and unfortunate, who were
deserving of receiving its benefits. And he considered
that it would be much better if individuals were to
contribute to such charities where the merits of the re.
cipients were strictly inquired into, instead of mis-
takenly encouraging those impostors who abused
their benevolence. He drew an amusing pic-
ture of the tricks practised by professed mendicants
from Sheridan's play of The Critic. Mr. Thomson,
the chairman of the directors, proposed the health of the
Noble Chairman, and stated that Earl Sainhope had ac-
cepted the office of the president of the society, and had
been pleased to send a donation of 101. and to double his
annual subscription. The report stated that the sum of
56,9941. had been distributed by the society since its
commencement to 882 pensioners. There were at pre-
sent 56 persons receiving assistance. The donations col-
lected in the room amounted to upwards of 4001. The
following legacies were also announced :-1001. from the
late Mr. J. Thomson; 1,0001. Three per Cent. Consols,
from Miss E. Bebbon; and the reversion of 2,0001. on
the death of a lady, whose name did not transpire.
Having responded to the toasts of the " Corporation of
London," the " Stewards," &c., the company separated.
The musical arrangements were under the direction of
Mr. Genge, assisted by the Misses Wells, Mr. Perron,
and Mr. F. Smith, who presided at the pianoforte.

MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS.
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN
TEE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, MARCH. 20, 1552.
Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ...*l9B
Diseaus of Uncertain Seat ... 44
Tubercular Diseases ... ... ... 224

rise;se-s—of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 145
Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels 51
Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs of

Respiration ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 269
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs
of Digestion... ••• ... •••• ••• ••• 74
Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. •• > „. ..• 22
Childbirth, Diseases of le Uterus, &c. ... ... 5
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles ••• 14
ifteasei, aof the Skin, &c. ... ... ... ... 1
"°'alforraatzion.s... • ••• 4
p,emature
Birth ••• ••• •• • ••
...,,
AtrOphy ••• ••• t ii• ••• ••• uu
old Age ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• •• •31
Sudden ... - - ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 62
Violence, piiv•••. ••• •• ••• ••• ••• 1
Causes not vecatigenci Cold, •
and Intemperance •
... 31
••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 2

DEATHS plum A._
~,
'''" atm= . -
1 208
Emu.,
rolnilati ,
en tom
trued, the in eorre- Deaths
1851, spooding week
West Districts... 376,427 of 1851. in the
Week.
North Districts.. 490,3116 • • 236 ... 195
Central Districts 393,256
East Districts ... 485,522
... 2n5,.0 ... 208
south Districts .. 616,635 ... 43,7,5 a ••• 230
.--.......- •.. 338
_

..... 2,362,236 ••• 1,412
Males ••• ••• ... 1,208
652
Females ... •••
••• 556