The Sun.
London, England, 1864-10-12 00:00:00

5,7, 9, REGENT-STREET.

DR. SCOTT'S BILIOUS AND LIVER
PILLS.—A NEVER FAILING RESlEDY.—Pre-
pared without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr.
Scott, of Bromley, Kent, will be found invaluable to all who
suffer from bilious and liver complaints, indigestion, wind,
spasms, giddiness, Oizzinebs of the eyes, &c. For habitual
costiveness, as a family aperient medicine, and as a purifier
of the blood, they are truly excellent; mild in their opera-
tion and grateful to the stomach, they create appetite, pro-
mote digestion, and strengthen the whole nervous system.
Sold by W. Lambert, 8, King William-street, Charing-cross.
London, and by most druggists, in boxes,ls. lid., and three
times the quantity in one, 2s. lid. Be sure to ask for Dr.
Scott's Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine are a square
green package, with " William Lambert," engraved on the
stamp.

MICROSCOPE and TELESCOPE combined,
just introduced, both of wonderful power, in Case, 255.
POLKET 'TELESCOPES, define 5 Nines, 10s. 6d.; )0 Miles,
215.; Ditto, and for Astronomy, 40s. MICROSCOPES in
Cabinets, 3 Powers, 10s. 6d., magnifies 15,000 times; Ditto,
magnifying 3C,O(P, 215., with Animalcule Cage, Life Box, &c.
Lare Compound Achromatic Ditto, power 65,000, 84s.
The most powerful Race Glasses, made with sling cases,
at 40s.

ATAGIC LAN TERNS ar.d DISSOLVING
AL VlEWS.—Magic Dv:Acres and 36 Picivres, 7s. ed. ;
Larder Size, 10s. 6d. Dissolving Apparatus complete, 70s.
Descriptive Catalogues fur two stamps. Post Orders pay-
able Upper Baker-street.
BERNARD DAVIS, 410, EUSTON-ROAD, LONDON.
Optician to the Institutions.

PECTACLE S.—Lenses gronnd on a new
LY principle, requ'ring less than half the usual maenifying
power, and with which the smallest print m ,y be read to ex-
treme old age,
(From the "Medical Circular," Nov. 16. 1850.)
"We have seen Mr. Davis's improved spectacles, and by
heir aid the most defective vision may be improved."
Steel Frames and Pebbles, 10s. 6d. and 7s. 6d. Glasses,
ss. 6d., 4s. 6d., 3s. . Country residents suited by stating
age.

SHORTHANI).-PITMAN'S PHONOGRA
PHIC TEACHER. W. ; free by post, 71

SHORTHAND.-PITMAN'S PHONOGRA.
PIIIO MANUAL. Free by post, le. 6d.

QH 0 It THAN D.—"PITMAN'S PHONO-
GRAPHY forms an exceedingly efficient -probably
the MOST efficient -system of Shorthand that exists."--Sir
Rowland RIM

NEWMARKET :SECOND OCTOBER MEETING.

TUESDAY.

The heath did not present so crowded an appearance this
morning as the fine weather and the interest of the occasion
led us to expect. We were not ridden down by the irregular
Cambridge cavalry as on the Two Thourand day, nor over-
whelmed by a flood of Cockneydom as has been the case on
former anniversaries. There was room and to spare, and
the day was more enjoyable in consequence.
The betting underwent some fluctuations before the start,
Gratitude displacing Mail Train from the position of first
favourite, Charmian and Planet being also backed for some
money. There was little or no delay at the post, which,
considering that 29 horses faced the starter on this occasion,
is deserving of praise. The start, too, was an admirable
one, and as they came through the ditch, and the colours
were first discerned from the Stand, the cry of " they are
all together," broke simultaneously from many lips. But
the tailing soon began, and when they reached the bushes
Gratitude and Thalestria seemed to single themselves out
from the crowd, and struggled home up the trying hill,
young Grimahaw on Thalestris sticking pertinaciously to
the favourite, .and landing Lord .Coventry's colours by a
short head. Mail Train going well up to the bushes tried to
bolt in among the crowd at that point, and extinguished his
chance then and there. The Calista colt was about tho first
beaten in the race.

The Clearwell was carried off cleverly by the French colt
Gladiateur. The other events call for ao particular com-
ment.
The Royal Stakes of 200 soya each, 120 ft, for 3-yr-olds ;
cllts Sat 71b, and Mika Sat 21b; winners extra; the
owner of the second horse to receive back his stake. A.F.

5 subs.
Baron Rothschild's Breeze, Bst 21b
Lord Portsmouth's Hengist, Bst 71b (Wells) '2
No betting.
They came on together into the cords, when Breeze drew
away and won in a canter by a length.
Match. Last half mile of R.M. 100 h ft.

Marquis of H-astings's Catalogue, 2 yrs, 7st 1 lilb
(Fordham) 1
Mr H. Savile's La Mechante, 2 yrs, Bst 61b ..(Aldcroft) 2
Betting opened 11 to 10, and closed even, on Catalogue,
who waited until half way in the cords, where she got up
and won a fine race in the last stride by a head.
Handicap Sweepstakes of 15 sous each. 10 ft, for 3-yr-olds
and upwards. Ab.M. 8 subs.
Lord Coventry's Umpire, aged, 9at (J. Adams) 1
Mr J. Osborne's Lyra, 3 yrs, Est
Mr J. Kent, jun.'s. Diomed, 3 yrs, 6st Illb (Loates) 3
Col. M. Martyu's Oberon, 3 yrs, Est 131 b.... (S Adams) 4
Lord Bateman's Moulsey, 3 yrs, 7st 61b (Covey) 5
Mr H, 1,. Wigram's Melrose, 4 yrs, 6st 7lb
(J. Grimshaw) 0
Betting-5 to 2 each agst Umpire and Moulsey, 4to 1
each agst Diomed and Oberon, and 6 to 1 agst Lyra.
Melrose got away in advance and made the running for a
short distance, when he was headed by Lyra, Umpire, and
Diomed, who c true on nearly in a line to the curds, wnen
Umpire drew slightly in front, and I won a fine race by a
bead, a like distance separated the second and third ; Obo •
ron finished a bad fourth.
Match—both 2-yr-olds. First half of Ab.M. 100 h ft,
Merquis of llastings's Lady Florence, 2 yrs, Bst 31b
(Fordham) 1
Mr H. Savile's Haarlem, 2 yrs, Bst 10.b......(A1der0t0 2
Betting-6 to 4 on Haarlem.
Lady Florence made all the running, and won cleverly
by a neck.
The Town Plate of £•i0; for 3-yr-olds, 7st 71b; 4-yr-olds,
Bst 71b ; 5, 6 and aged, Bst 121 b. The winner to be sold
for 200 sovs. T.M.M.
Mr Barnes' Buckfoot, 3 yrs (Loates) 1
Mr J. Osborne's Vanessa, 3 yrs (Whiteley) 2
Lord Uxbridge's Rattler, 3 yrs (T. French) 3
Mr E. Brayley's Corinthian Tom, 3 yrs .. (Cannon) 4
Mr Whittaker's Pixie, 3 yrs

Betting-2 to 1 agst Pixie, and 4to 1 agst Rattler.
Buckfoot cut out the work at a good pace, having Vanessa
and Pixie lying up to the entrance of the cords, where he
drew away and won by three lengths; a bad third. The
winner was claimed by Mr Osborne.
The Cesarewitch Stakes, a free handicap of 25 sovs each,
15 ft, with 200 added, for 3-yr-olds and upwards. Win..
ners extra. The second to receive 60 sous out of the
stakes. Cesarewitch Course. 90 subs.
Lord Coventry's Thalestris, Ly Kingston, 4 yrs, Gst 21b
(J. rimehaw) 1
Mr W. Robinson's Gratitude, 4 yrs, Gat (Carroll) 2
Mr H. Hill's Ackworth, 3 yrs, 7st (Cannon) 3

The following also ran :—Blackdown, Miner, Despair.
Joco, Tomato, The Brewer, Beaver, Lady Hylda, King
Charming, Charming Woman, Mail Train, Crisis, Dr.
Syntax, Planet, Suspicion, Beatrix, Pearl Diver, Calista
colt, Cathedral, Castle Espie, Wandering Minstrel, Auri-
cula, Holy Poly, Charmian, Battaglia, and Speculation
(late Belooche).
Betting-3 to 1 agst Gratitude, 7to 2 agst Mail Train, 8
to 1 agst Thalestris, 10 to 1 agst Charmian, 12 to 1 agst
Calista Colt, 100 to 7 apt Planet, 20 to 1 agat Brewer, 25
to 1 each agst Lady Hylda and Cathedral, 100 to 3 agst
Suspicion, 50 to 1 agat Blackdown and Ackworth, 100 to 1
each agst Beaver and Wandering Minstrel.
After they had taken their preliminary canter, they pro-
ceeded to the starting-post, attended by a large cavalcade of
horsemen. At the first attempt Mr M'George was enabled
to despatch them to an excellent start. The Brewer, after
running a few strides, took a decided lead, lying in the
centre of the course, having Planet, the Calista colt,
Thalestris, and the favourite on his right, with Mail Train,
Cathedral, Beatrix, Tomato, and Ackworth on the -lower
ground, the next division being brought up by Dr Syntax,
Joco, Beaver, Lady Hylda and Suspicion. They ran thus at
a strong pace through the ditch, but as they entered the flat
Brewer somewhat improved his lead, and the rearward
horses began to spread, and shortly after Blackdown, Holy
Poly, Charming Woman, and Despair were hopelessly tailed
off, their numbers being increased by the retirement of the
Calista colt and Auricula. The leaders came on nearly in
the line to the new ground, where Brewer was beaten, and
the lead was at once taken up byThalestris,who with Grati-
tude on the right came on is advance to the " bushes,"
where they singled themselves out, and on descending the
hill were two or three lengths in advance of Mail Train, on
the far side, close up with whom were Planet, Ackworth,
and Cathedral. Half-way down Mr W. Day's colt ran out,
and it was with extreme difficulty that S. Adams could keep
him straight, and he was passed as they entered the dip by
Planet and Ackworth, the latter heading Mr Craven's colt
as they entered the cords, but without having a chance of
reaching the two, who raced for the lead into the cords,
where Gratitude got her head in front, but dying away at
every stride, Grimshaw was enabled once again to resume
his lead, and Thalestris, running with wonderful gameness,
won on the post by a short head ; three quarters of a length
separated the second and third; Mail Train was fourth,
Planet filth, Beatrix sixth, Tomato seventh, Dr Syntax
eighth,and Cathedral next. Then came, at wide intervals,
Lady Hylda, Beaver, and Suspicion. The last lot com-
prised Auricula, the Calista colt, Despair, Charming
Woman, and Holy Poly.
Selling Handicap Sweepstakes of 10 sous each, for 2-yr-olds
and upwards ; the winner to be sold for 100 soya if de-
manded, &c. T.Y.C. 13 subs.
Mr Cart's Sister to Knave of Trumps, 3 yrs, ist
(Loates) 1
Mr Elphinstone's Zora, 6 yrs, 7st 71b (Wadham) 2
Mr Coventry's Kathleen, 2 yrs, 6st .... (J. Grimshaw) 3
The following also ran : —Barter, Deception, Village
Belle, Wild Huntress, Blue Bell, and Silverlocks.
Betting-3 to 1 apt Wild Huntress and Kathleen, 6
to 1 agst Blue Bell, 7 to 1 agst Silverlocks, and 8 to 1 agst
Zora.

Kathleen jumped off in front with Sister to Knave of
Trumps, Dora, Deception, and Blue Ball lying up--Wild
Huntress bringing up the rear. At the cords the leader fell
back, and Sister to Knave of Trumps took up the running,
soon headed her, sad won cleverly by half a length, a neck
separating Kathleen from Zora. Mr Elphinstone claimed
the winner, and Mr Coventry Zora.
The Clearwell Stakes of 30 goys each, 20 ft; for 2 yr-olds ;
colts Bst 101 b, and fillies Bst 81b. T.Y.C. 44 subs.
Count F. De Lagrange's b o Gladiateur, by Monarque
(Edwards) 1
Captain White's br c joker (Challoner 2
Marquis of Hastings' br c Pantaloon (Fordham) 3
Mr T. Valentine's iteginella (31b ea) (French) 4
The following also ran : —Oatregor, Don Dasilio, New-

r J. H C. Windham's Tragedy, 2 yrs, Est 121 b
(H. Covey) 1
Mr Wright's Hurrah, 2 yrs, bet 121 b (Gorton) 2
Mr H. Coventry's Bossy, 2 yrs, 6st 121 b (Loatea) 3
Betting—Even on Bessy ; 5 to 4 agst Tragedy.
Hurrah made play to half way up the hill, when Tragedy
headed him and won after a good race.
LATEST BETTING.
100 to 15 agst Gratitude (taken)
100 to 7 agst Prince Plausible (taken)
100 to 6 agst Tattoo (taken)
100 to 6 agst Muezzin (taken)
20 to 1 agat Bayard (taken)
20 to 1 agat Ackworth (taken)
20 to 1 agst Brick (taken)
100 to 3 agst King of Clubs (taken)

The Bridges at Blaekfriars.

None of our metropolitan improvements have over been
carried forward with less waste of time than those connected
with the great bridges at Blackfriars. Only 16 months have
elapsed since the foundation stone of the railway bridge was
laid, and already it is completely finished to its least details.
Never has a new bridge been built across the Thames in a
shorter time. Only four months ago old Blackfriars-bridge
was closed and given up to the contractors, Messrs. Thorn
and Co., yet already all the superincumbent mass of rubble
and masonry above the turning of the arches —nearly 20,00
tons in weight—has been removed, the centerings fixed
beneath the arches, and this very day the work of pulling
down the arches themselves will be begun by the removal
of the keystone from the second arch on the Surrey side.
In another four months the foundation stone of the new
structure is spoken of as to be laid with formal ceremonial,
and in two years from that date again the public may look
forward to the opening of the completed work, which will
have no superior and few equals of its kind in Europe. It
is a curious fact, and one worthy of note, that with the cone-
pletion of new Blackfriars-bridge every metropolitan bridge
across the Thames will have been built within the last 50
years, and no less th ‘n seven, including railway bridges,
within the last six years. Three more for railways are pro •
greasing fast, and these, with the proposed opening of
Southwark-bridge to the public toll free, will give facilities
enough for transpoatine communication from every point,
whether by road or rail. The railway bridge which has just
been finished is the finest work of that kind which we have
yet got across the river, and but for the close proximity of
now Blackfriars, which destroys its outline from the water
it would really be a grand ornament to the Thames. Un-
like that at Victoria, where ceremony was studied at
the expense of effect, or that at Hungerford, where the
exigencies of railway traffic had to be reconciled to the
architecture of a light suspension bridge, Blackfriars
enjoys the advantage of having been designed for its
work from the outset, and no one can look at its massive
groups of columns and the bold yet light superstructure
of girders which they carry without feeling that Messrs.
Cubitt and Turner, its architects and engineers, have been
singularly happy in their choice of its design. In the
course of a few weeks more, when its columns are painted
of a deep chocolate colour, and their capitals enriched with
gilding, when the ornamental castings which conceal the
junction of the girders ere painted with enamel and gilded
iu parts, the general tfrect will be even more considerably
heightened. There aro few, however, when these two fine
structures are completed, N%1A,.., wilt iwt ic,,ict the unlucky
fatality which placed them just so far apart as to prevent
their being united in one, and yet just EO close together as
to hide each other and bring their inharmonious lines into
the most unsightly conjunction possible. This unlucky
juxtaposition of sites seems to be Mr Cubitt's engineering
fate. At Rochester ho was obliged to build his railway
bridge in such a position as to quite destroy the effect of his
father's beautiful steno bridge across the Medway. Now,
at Blackfriars, he is obliged to put his rail viaduct so as to
completely kill new Blackfriars, which is also his own.
The fatality at Rochester was called parricidal, but this at
Blackfriars is suicidal, and nothing less.
During the progress of the works connected with this
bridge full accounts from time to time were given in our
columns of its method and general principles of construc-
tion. It is not necessary, therefore, to re-enter upon a de-
tailed description here, more than to say that the bridge is
a girder bridge for four lines of rails. Only three girders
are used, that in the centre, having to bear the weight and
strain of all the cross beams from both the outer girders
which meet upon it, being made in proportion much deeper
and stronger. The lattice bars of iron which form the open
work sides of these girders are made to resist alternately
compression and tension. The tension rods,if we may so call
them, are mere bands of wrought iron, but the struts to resist
compression may bekno wn by their great solidity,and by each
pair being coupled together with powerful iron stays to keep
them rigid and prevent them yielding outwardly under the
pressure which always tries wrought iron so severely. These
bracings are made to intersect each other everywhere at
their points, so that in case of an engine getting off the rails
and cutting one it would have no effect on the stability of
the structure, a great improvement on some other glider
bridges, where there are no intersections of the struts and
ties, and where a similar accident happening would infalli-
bly bring down the whole span. Every part of the iron
work which is exposed to the action of the air has been so
placed as to be easily painted by the most ordinary hand
labour, while the troughs of the girders have been thickly
lined with asphalte, so that the slightest chance of rust is
carefully guarded against. The latter is an all-important
precaution, for rust eats faster into wrought iron structures
than most people would readily believe. This year, it is said,
no less than 40 tons of iron rust were taken out of the Menai
tubular bridge at one thorough cleaning.
The whole of this superstructure of floor and girders is
carried on groups of cast iron columns, each group of four
carrying a-girder. These castings are built on solid well
masonry on the inside, and rest on massive stone pillars,
which are carried down on an average of 35ft below the bed
of the river, and deep into the London clay. The bridge has
been virtually completed for some weeks, and nothing now
delays its opening but the works connected with its passen-
ger station in Bridge-street. Of course, before being used,
it will be formally tested for strength by the Government
inspectors. The greatest load which can be placed upon it,
if filled from end to end on its four lines of rail with
locomotives and tenders, would be short of 1,000 tons,
or at the rate of about five tons weight to each sectional
inch of iron. As, however, there are 176 sectional
inches of wrought iron in the united girders, which
have been tested to 22 tons per inch, it follows that the
bridge is more than four times stronger even than ithe
excessive weight will be accumulated on it for testing.
The expansion and contraction is provided for in each
girder separately, eight inches in total length of the bridge
being the greatest difference between excessive cold and ex-
cessive heat—not more than the difference in the Menai
bridge, which is only about half its length.
The rest of the works on the Middlesex side are being
hurried forward towards completion with all possible ra •
pidity, but it will be well on towards Christmas before the
public can be admitted to their facilities. The viaduct across
Ludgate-hill is intended to be tho handsomest of its kind
ever built. That it will be highly ornamental may be judged
from the fact that whereas the mere inner iron bridge itself
only costs £9OO, its decoration and internal ornaments in
iron will cost £2,500. The space between the permanent
way and the floor of this viaduct is to be carefully filled in
with a substance lige tan, eo as to completely silence to
those beneath and around all sound of the passing trains.
A comfort so obvious as this latter precaution en-
sures might, one would think, have been guaranteed by the
Legislature in the case of all metropolitan viaducts, and not
have been left to the spontaneous thoughtfulness of even
the Chatham and Dover Company. In justice, however,
we are bound to say that this line, both in its bridges and
stations, has set an excellent example to other companies
entering the metropolis.
With regard to the City bridge at Blackfriars the work has,
as we have said, advanced very rapidly. It is just about a
century since the old bridge was built,and little more than a
quarter of a century since it has been daily threatening to
tumbled down. Any corporation more sanely governs than
our own would have replaced this tumour obstacle with a
safe structure long ago. .As it is we must only be grateful
for the lucid interval which has permitted its demolition be-

fore it fell, traffic, passengers, and all, into the river. Since
it has been given into the contractors' hands everything has
been removed but the actual masonry of the turned arches
themselves, The spaces between the springing of the arches
and the roadway.above appear to have been filled with river
ballast, to judge from the quantity of bones and old-
fashioned tobacco pipes found in it. The work, however,
appears to have been everywhere well performed, though
the masonry of the arches is thinner than one would sup-
pose from an external inspection of the stonework. An en-
graving is extant which represents with wonderful power
the process of building this bridge in 1760, and the aspect
which it then wore is almost identically similar with its ap-
pearance at this day. If the three-cornered cocked hats of
the labourers were suppressed and steam cranes substituted
for hand jocks this old engraving might pass easily for a
picture of the present works. The presence of steam cranes,
however, makes an important and most suggestive altera-
tion. Old Blackfriars-bridge took ten years to build. It
will take less than a year to remove it to its last foundations
and less than two to substitute in its place another double
its size, strength, and beauty. In some cases, where the
stonework occupies the site or part of the site of the foun-
dations for the new structure, every part of the old bridge
must be removed at these particular places, and must be
quite done away with before the new one can be begun. In
other places, however. where the new piers cattle in the
centre of the water way of the old arches, the work of re-
moval and reconstruction can proceed simultaneously. The
scaffolding which now intersects the bridge like a high back-
bone of timber will, as the work of demolition proceeds, be
carried down through the arches into the bed of the river,
and form the staging with which the erection of the new
work will be carried on.
As far as can be jadged, there is no reason to
doubt but that the same cause which destroyed
Westminster has been fatal to Blackfriars—namely, the re-
moval of old London-bridge, which so largely increased the
downward scour of the ebb tide. Every bridge then built
—that is to say. Vauxhall, Blackfriars, and Westminster
—suffered more or less from this cause. The completion of
the Thames Embankment is not likely to be without effect,
and from the same cause, on some of the older structures.
The downward scour is certain to be very greatly increased
by such an important diminution of the river's breadth,
from Whitehall to close on Waterloo. Already those con
netted with the bridge works at Blackfriars can observe an
increase in the scour, which has removed much of the mud
and laid bare the gravel on many parts of the Surrey side.
While on the subject of bridge communication, we may
congratulate the public on the prospect afforded them of
having the use of Southwark-bridge toll free. This struc-
ture, with its approaches, was completed and opened in
1819, at a total cost of £660,000. The new bridge could now
probably be built for less than half what it then cost,
though, on the other hand, there is not the slightest doubt
but that the approaches at the present day would cost more
then the whole of the original work, It is nee- less to say
that this work has never paid its promoters, who have now
accordingly offered its use to the city for six months, toll
free, trusting, like Sam Slick with the clocks, that by the
end of that time they will have got used to its facilities and
so convinced of its utility, if not necessity, as to leave them
no optkn but its purchase. The sum which the shareholders
ask for the sale of the bridge at the expiration of the six
months being only £200,000, makes this a very tempting
offer, and one with which the city authorities would do well
to close. The bridge. though entirely of cast iron, is im-
mensely strong, and like all well kept structures of that
metal, is as good now as the day it was opened. At all
events, the six months' trial which the city would have
would give their engineers ample opportunities of seeing
_that all was perfect before the bargain was concluded. In
the interests of the public we certainly hope that the com-
mittee will give the bridge a trial, and that the bridge it-
self may come out of it with sufficient credit to justify its
being given to the public for the moderate sum asked for it.

The Church Congress,

BRISTOL, Tuesday.

The Bristol Church Congress was opened this afternoon,
the members and a large number of visitors attending Divine
service at the cathedral in the morning. Ihe doors of the
venerable edifice were besieged at an early hour, and soon
after they were opened every part of what is left of the
cathedral, the chair, transepts, aisles, and even the elevated
clerestory were crowded with male and female occupants.
The Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol, Archdeacon Thorpe,
and Canon Guthrie were among the dignitaries of the
cathedral present.

The sermon was preached by the Dean of Ely, who took
for his text Luke x., part of v. 37, "Go and do," On this
brief text tho very rev, preacher spoke eloquently and
practically on the objects of tho congress, in the course of
which he expressed his approval of the migratory character
of the congress, and alluded to the progress that had been
made in science, social economy, medical jurisprudence and
Practice. and are! a33logv. bytheholdixgof these miaratorY
meetings. He did not sec why religion should not receive
a stimulus by the same means. In conclusion he alluded
to the numerous subjects which it was proposed to discuss
at the present congress—extension of the episcopate, sub-
division of dioceses, the education of the clergy, pews, and
open seats, &c.—and condemned the recent changes in
cathedral management. He concluded by enjoining tem-
perance in their discussions.
At two o'clock meetings were held simultaneously in two
rooms at the Victoria Rooms, Clifton.