The Sun.
London, England, 1863-03-11 00:00:00

LoN 10)N, NVEDNLSIJAY EVENING, MARCH 11, 1863.

-CAN rEKBURY HALL.
GRAND SE LECLIONS from popular OPERAS, con-
ducted by Mr. Jonghmans. Principal Artiste—Miss Russell.
The Comic by Unsworth, the modern Demosthene 4, in his
renowned stump speech; Eugene's burlesque songs and
dances ; Frank Hall, Arthur Lloyd, and Miss Laura Sanders,
and a variety of other attractions.

1 [ H E 0 X F 0R1) ,
e, OXFORD STREET.
"THE ROSE OF DENMARK,"
Sung every Evening by Miss Russell and the entire
Company, also
The New Cantata, by Herr Meyer Lutz,
"HERNE THE dUNTER,"
Gluck's ALCESTE, and other Operatic Selections,
Supported by Miss Russell, Miss Townley, Mr. Green, Mr.
Bernardi, Mr. J. B. L-luish, and Mr. Albert,
wills full band and chorus.
Conducted by Mr. Junghm ns.
Drew Dean's Flute Solos.
Ballads by Master Edw.n Sanders, the juvenile vocalist, aged
years.
George Hodson's Irish, Miscellaneous, and Ventriloquial
Entertainment.
Unsworth's great Stump Speech, "Or any other man."
Eugene's burlesque cene A and 'assocs.
W Randall's New Comicalities.
Miss Caroline Parkes' Vocal and Terpsichorean Sketches,
and other varied attractions.
Hall, 6d.—Balcony and Stalls, ls.—Private Boxes, 10s. ed

JULLIEN'S PROMENADE CONCERTS.
At the ARGYLL ROOMS.
..1-VJL •
Conductor—Mons. JULLIE v,
T II IS EVENING, and during the week, THE CARNIVAL
DE VENIS , as originally writ en for the Violin by Nieo'o
Paga ini, will be performed on the Cornet-a- iston, by the
celebrated Mr. J. LEVY, at Jullien Promenade Concerts—
(the first time these variations have ever been attempted on
the Cornet).
Also will be introduced, for the first time, a NEW DANCE,
" L'ALEXANDRA."
On Tuesday, the 10th, only, the. Concert will b, gin at Tea
o't lock, and the Dance will terminate at Two.
Promenade, is.—Re,erved seats, 2s.
Doors open at Eight o'clock
Manager, Mons. GRENET.

THE CHRONOMETRICAL CHART of the
HISTORY of ENGLAND. By DAVID NASMITII.
Folio Atlas, or Map, five feet square, .e! 2s. George Philip
and Son, 32, Fleet-street. See Times, February 10 ; Parthenon,
Ma ch 7.

GENTLEMEN'S D RESS.—Getitiernen who
require good and fashionable dress can depend on
the best materials and latest style (of which specimens are
kept for inspection or sale), at

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QPECT A CLF,S.—The P -trent Newly-invented
L., Tinted SpectaPles are patronised by the majority of the
Nobility, including Viscount Valmerston. They afford extra-
ordinary re ief to weak, di , and detective vision.—S. and B.
SOLOMON S, Opticians, 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly.

DEAFNESS.—The SOUND MAGNIFIER
INVISIBLE VOICE CONDUCTOR, a newly in-
vented instrument for severe eases of deafness. It fits into
the ear, not perceptib e, removes singing noises in the head,
and enables deaf persons to hear distinctly at church and at
public assemblies.—S. and B. SOLOMONS, 39, Albemarle-
street, Piccadilly.

THE FARMER'S BAROMETER, 505., a
new Instnimen`,, by Negretti and Zambra, will cor-
rectly indicate whether the Ba. ometer falls for Rain or for
Wind. Particulars by enclosing stamp.-1, Hatton-garden ;
57, Cornhill ; and 122, Regent-street.

MOORE BROTHERS' TEAS.

Choice SOUCHONG, recommended 3s. 9d. per lb.
suitable for superior purposes, full rich Souchong flavour.
M;xed ASSAM, I ig-hly recommended. 4s. Od. per
of very choice quality, and the cheapest Tea sold.
ld per lb. deduction on 20/b. Bags and 45th. Chests.
Prospectus free.
MOORE BROTHERS, 35, London-bridge, City, E.C.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT

SOUSE OF COMMONS.---Monday.
THE TICKET-OF-LEAVE SYSTEM.
Mr. ADDERLEY rose to move that an humble address
be presented to her Majesty, thanking her Majesty for hav-
ing issued a commission of inquiry into the operation of the
acts relatir g to transportation and penal servitude, and
into the manner in which sentences under the provisions of
those acts have been carried out; and praying that, pend-
ing that inquiry, the conditions on which any remission of
punishment, or licences to he at large, are given, may be
strictly enforced according to the intentions of those acts.
The hon. gentleman proceeded to say that, notwithstand-
ing the assertion of the Secretary for the Home Department
that our police system was the envy of the world, it was a
fact that last autumn it was scarcely possible to walk in the
streets of the metropolis after dark with safety. Fortunately
the garrotters had selected a member of that house as the
object of their experiro ents—(laughter)—and on that account
attention had been aroused in their regard more speedily
than it would otherwise have been. During the autumn
the outcry had become so great that the Government were
compelled to issue a Royal Commission to inquire into the
operation of our penal system. No doubt there was a good
deal for such a commission to inquire into, but the Govern-
ment ought to have done much more; they ought in the
meanwhile to have put the existing law into force. (Hear.)
Let them, at all events, try the existing law before they
altered it; and he could show that the existing law had
never been put in force. He might almost say that. consi-
dering the great powers vested in the Government., they
were responsible for the state of hings which were witnessed
last autumn. Every member of the house would admit that
it was a most serious thing that the principle of this im-
portant criminal law should be utterly at variance with the
practice. Thi,, state of things was quite sufficient to ac-
count for the increase of outrage and crime, and enough to
make people tremble for the security of their lives and pro-
perty. The law said that a man guilty of a crime, just
short of the penalty of death, should be subjected to penal
servitude, and, under that sentence, might ultimately be
removed out of the country, or if not—and that was what
occurred in the greater number of cases—that he should be
subjected to imprisonment, in the first place, for a rigid un-
remittable term of imprisonment, varying from one-half to
two-thirds, and afterwards to a further term, which was
capable of being reduced from one-sixth to one• third by
the good conduct of the criminal while in prison. The con-
dition upon which that remission was given rested with the
Secretary of State, and it was easy to show that neither the
remission nor the conditions upon which the remissions
had been granted, had been carried out by the Home Sec-
retary at all in accordance with the terms of the act, but
rather in direct contravention of them. The remission of a
sentence was meant to be a suspension and not a pardon.
The suspension should be granted on a guarantee of good
conduct and a certain test of labour which the criminal
might perform in person. Nothing could be clearer than
the act, which was based upon the sth, 12th, and 16th reso-
lutions of a select committee in 1856, which stated distinctly
that the remission was recommended as an abridgment of
the second part of the term of imprisonment, the first part
being rigid and incapable of abridgment, and that such
abridgment should involve the sentence still being held
over the head of the criminal, The practice, however, for
the first two years after the passing of the act was to let
prisoners out of prison with the minimum term of deten-
tion, as it they had all entitled themselves to the largest pos-
sible abridgment, and as it the rigid term of imprisonment
was the whole term of the sentence. This course of pro-
cedure rendered the part Parliament had taken in passing
the act an absolute farce, and rendered the sentences passed
by the judges an absolute lie. The terms of a ticket of
leave were that the holder should consider himself out
of prison upon trial ; but the practice had been the reverse,
for the ticket-of •leave holder did not have his license can-
celled unless he committed some new infraction of the
law. The hon. member referred to the conditions under
which licenses were held in Ireland as being very superior
to the same conditions in England. There every convict
had to report himself on his arrival in a district, and sub-
sequently once a month. He could not change his locality
w thout, notice; and any infringement of these rules en-
tailed revocation of his license. There was no reason why
the same system should not be carried out in England.
(Hear.) His simple request to the Government was, that the
Government,pending the inquiry of the Royal Commission,
should put the existing law in force. (Hear, heat.) He
would not have asked the house to press thic., upon the Go-
he when
things.
The cha
ot e a
gentlemant e i r p
concludedrtto alter
tvbheyer readingneniesn it
it G. GREY thought it would be extremely inconve-
nient for the hone to agree to the motion of the right hon.
ni existing h sstoaht ea had
motion.fset
gentleman before the commission appointed to inquire into
the operation of tha Acts relating to penal servitude had
made their report. He thought that to agree to the ad-
dress would be to pledge the house to a resolution which
was not only vague n its terms, but which, while going far
beyond what the right hon. gentleman intended, would still
not effect the object he had in view. The right hon. gen-
tleman had referred to the crimes that had of late disturbed
the public mind, and which he had attributed entirely to
the mode in which the law as defined by the Acts of 1853
and 1857 had been administered. He might observe that
others who were in a good position to form an opinion took
a different view ; but, at all events, the operations of the
police (the particulars of which he did not think prudent
to describe in detail) had led to the principal offenders
being brought to justice, and they were now suffering the
penalties of their crimes. He was bound to say also
that in his opinion the present law was sufficient, and
that no change was necessary. The conditions endorsed
upon a license to be at large (commonly called a " ticket-
of-leave") expressly stated that the convict was liable to
be sent back for his whole term if he associated with
thieves or led a disorderly life. (Hear,) The great difficulty

with the authorities was to prove those facts judicially. It
had been found that a second conviction was the safest
proof ; and the rule had been, that in all such cases (except
a few minor offences of hawking without a licence, drunk-
enness, &c.), the license had been revoked wherever a cri-
minal had been a second time convicted within the term of
his license. The right hon. gentleman having denied all
knowledge of the circular alleged to have been issued from
the Home-office to the mayors of all the tuwna of Great
Britain, asking for a list of ticket holders residing within
their jurisdiction (and which he supposed must have come
from the Royal Commissioners), said he feared the right
hon. gentleman (Mr. Adderley) had been imperfectly in-
formed both in his law and his facts; and for the reasons
he had given, he thought it better that the house should not
agree to the motion.
Mr. H. D. SE YMOUR was glad to find the subject had
been brought forward, and was surprised that the right
hon. gentleman had not given a more sufficient answer to
the speech of his right hon. friend. He apprehended the
reason why the right hon. gentleman opposite had brought
the subject before the house was, that the Home Secretary
had not carried out the conditions attached to the ticket-of-
leave. It was well known there was a large number of
convicts dismissed from prison who were creating terror all
over the country; and there was no necessity for an act of
Parliament to deal with them, as there was power already
existing in the ticket-of-leave itself ; the conditions of which
were that the holders, as soon as they showed any signs of
relapsing into crime, should be deprived of the license to
be at large. The Home Secretary was the supreme head
of the Irish system as well as the English system, and
how was it, if the former one had been found to work so
well, that the latter was not assimilated to it P The
only upholders of the English systeia were the Home
Secretary himself and Sir Joshua Jebb ; and he sub •
milted it was in the right. hon. gentleman's power, with-
out any fresh act of Parliament, to place the whole of
the ticket-of-leave men under the surveillance of the police.
He could not see anything which the commission had to
inquire into that had not already been fully investigated by
the committee of 1856 ; unless, indeed, they were to inquire
into the whole question of secondary punishment. But
the ease was not ripe for so large an inquiry, as the Home
Secret try had not carried into effect his own orders.
Mr. HENLEY said he would not follow the hon. gentle-
man who spoke last into the extraneous matters to which
he adverted, but would confine himself to the terms of the
motion. He thanked God the commission had not to in-
quire into the "whole question of secondary punishment,"
which was a field so wide that he should not wish to traverse
it. Nor would he go into the question of giving the police
greater powers of surveillance. There were many people
who thought the police already possessed powers enough.
He should also abstain from entering into a comparison
between the Irish and English systems ; but would simply
say that he knew of nothing which could lead him to the
same conclusion as the hon. gentleman opposite. He be-

lieved v, hen the facts were accurately examined into, it
would be shown that, if the recommendations of the com-
mittee of 1856 were carried out, there would be considerable
difficulty in following out the Irish system. Ha believed
his right hon. friend who introduced the motion made some
confusion in his mind between the Acts of 1853 and 1856 ;
for he told them there had been a. wholesale discharge in
1856 of the worst kind of criminals, and that the system had
become more lax after a couple of y ears. Well, what was
the result ? It was this, that from 1857 to 1860 there was a
more remarkable diminution of crime than they had over
known. They enjoyed the greatest security for life and pro-
perty at the very time when his right hon. friend com-
plained the greatest abuse of the system was going on'
Why, in 1860, the gaols were nearly empty ; and for 30
years there had not been such an absence of crime. He
admitted things were going wrong again, and that there
was a tendency backward ; but they were not yet quite so
bad as in 1857. He believed the increase and decrease of
crime did not rest upon the treatment of criminals, but that
there were other and deeper causes at work to account for
it—(hear, hear)—and if they were to change their laws
with every ebb and flow of crime the statute book would
become a greater mass of confusion than it was at present.
For his part he thought the right hon. gentleman was not
exercising an unsound discretion when he required more
than a simple statement of the guilt of the holder of a
ticket-of-leave; something approaching to a judicial in-
quiry. He was not one of those who thought any man
should be condemned unheard. (Hear, hear.) He should
vote against the resolution, but he hoped his right hon.
friend would not divide the house upon it.
Sir S. NORTHCOTE thought, whether his right hon.
friend went to a division or not, that he had reason to
congratulate himself upon the results which his motion had
produced ; and looking at the feeling out of doors he
thought it would not be satisfactory if the session were
allowed to pass without having some discussion upon it.
All his right hon. friend asked was that, pending the report
of the commission, the Government should carry into effect
the recommendations of the committee. It was the inten-
tion of the committee that the ticket-of-leave should be a
reality and not a sham. These tickets had been shams
from the great difficulty attending their revocation without
proof of further misconduct. It was reasonable, under the
circumstances, for the Home Secretary to ask the house
not to press him to take steps that would involve the
necessity of action ; but at the same time they must all
teal good service had been done by the right hon, gentleman
bringing forward the question to enable the house to give
expression to what was the prevalent feeling of the country
upon the subject. (Hear, hear.)
Mr. HADFIELD considered the present system had
been successful. During three years, out of 6,000 persons
discharged 90 per cent, of that number had not offended a
second time. In Ireland, out of 724 only 51 men and 20
women had offended a second time. He regretted that no
provision was made for persons when discharged, but that,
having lost their character, they were let loose upon society
without a friend in the world. He considered the Govern-
ment had acted with great propriety. Tho system was a
good one, though no doubt it was capable of modification
and improvement.
Mr. NE W DEGATE said that the majority of the magi-
strates of Warwickshire were opposed to the right hon. gethen-
tleman (Mr. Adderley's) plan, and highly approved
appointment of the commission. He could not condemn the
Government for not carrying out a law which they believed
t, be imperfect, and he considered the feeling of the majo-
rity of
of the people was that the abandotment of the trans-
portation had been a great misfortune to this country. The
lamentable condition of discharged prisoners from their
difficulty in finding employment appeared to him to be proof
of the high tone of morality in the country. It had been
over and over again admitted that prisoners when removed
from the country had a greater chance, and frequently be-
came better members of society than under any other sys-
tem. He expressed a hope that what had been said in the
course of the debate would not prejudice the question with
the commissioners, but that they would be able to dis-
cover a new sphere for transporting our criminals.
Mr. BENT IN CK objected to the resolution, The Home
Secretary had committed a great error in referring the mat-
ter to a Royal Commission, and he was at a loss to under-
stand on what grounds it had been done, as it was impos-
sible for any commission, however able, to become possessed
of better or more information than that already in the
Home-office. Nothing was more mischievous than the
practice which was now becoming general with the execu.
tive of evading their proper responsibility by shelving a
question for months, by referring it to a Royal Commis-
sion. The Executive Government ought to be able to
deal with such a question at once, and it was
one of those cases in which the right honourable
gentleman was bound to act on his own authority
and responsibility. It was the rapid and sudden increase
in a particular description of crime, and by a particular
class of men, and not a general increase of crime, had
aroused public feeling. £hey would never arrive at a good
result until they again resorted to transportation. (Hear,
hear.) That afforded the only possible chance of reforma-
tion.

Mr. CAVE considered the manner in which ticket-of-
leave men were treated in Ireland better than the English
system. The ticket-of-leave was looked upon in Ireland
more in the light of a good character, whereas it was con-
sidered a bad character in England, which he attributed to
the fault of the Home Secretary from the manner in which
the tickets were endorsed. It was extraordinary that a
man having been condemned for a crime must actually
commit another before his ticket could be revoked. Such
a state of things was likely to cause men to commit the
acts of violence they had lately heard of—(hear, hear)—
and if the question had been discussed in that house a few
months since, the benches would not have been so empty
as they were. (Hear, hear.) There was a most unfortu-
nate stagnation in those crimes—(laughter)—now that
they wanted the law to be put in full force. (Hear, hear.)
Colonel SYKES said that unless some means of employ•
ing the ticket-of-leave men were discovered, they must be
always a prey upon society. He believed it was quite
possible to fix upon some one of our colonial possessions to
which our criminals might, with propriety and advantage,
be transported.
Mr. P. URQUHART pointed out that in Ireland there
was no professional criminal class, and that it was much
easier to maintain a surveillance over the ticket-of-leave
men there than in England. At the same time, he did not
think that the English police exercised a sufficient surveil-
lance over the ticket-of-leave men. Ho entirely condemned
the maudlin sentimentality which would permit our sol-
diery to go to any climate in the world, while it called out
against sending convicts to any but the healthiest. (Hear,
hear.)
The motion was withdrawn.
ARMY ESTIMATES.

Sir G. LEWIS then rose to introduce the army esti
mates, He stated that the estimate exhibited a redo

firm of £1,000,113, as compared with last year, being
£15,060,237 to £16,060,350. A considerable sum, above
a million, was introdaced into the estimates for the auxi-
liary forces, the militia, yeomanry, volunteers, and pen-
sioners; and the °same.' es also included the ordnance, in
which was to be taken £680,000 for guns applicable to the
navy. There was also a considerable increase in extraor-
dinary expenses for the army stationed in China, New Zea-
land, and North America. The principal reduction this
year was under the votes for stores, owing to great exertions
in the manufacturing departments of late years, besides
which, as experiments with ordnance were going on it had
been determined not to manufacture guns to any extent fi,r
the present. The house was asked for 148,242 men, as com-
pared with 152,403 in last year, being a decrease of 4,000,
which was effected not by reducing any battalions, but by
withdrawing 100 men from each battalion, except those in
Ceylon and the regiments going on foreign service. He
pointed out that, with the peculiar distribution of our army,
it was not possible to reduce the number of men so as to af-
ford a just system of foreign reliefs. There was an increase
of X 198,000 for the volunteers this year, which was caused
by a compliance with some of the Royal Commission which
inquired into the subject. There was an addition of
£35,000 for the charge for the militia, chiefly for clothing.
In other items there was no change, or, if any, it was in the
direction of decrease.
The first vote of 148,242 men was then put.

Mr. WILLIAMS moved the reduction of the number of
men by 10,000.
On a division the amendment was lost by 77 to 19.
The vote was agreed to.
On the vote of £5,709,733 for the pay of general staff and
regimental pay and allowances,
General PEEL moved a reduction of the vote by £38,000
for the pay of two native Indian regiments in China; but
on a division the amendment was lost by 64 to 58.
Sir M. PETO moved the reduction of the vote by
£225,136, the increase of the sum charged this as compared
with last year.
On a division the amendment was lost by 96 to 28.
After some further discussion on the vote a division was
taken on a motion to report progress, which was rejected by
80 to 25. However, progress was reported and the house
resumed.

The other business was disposed of, and thJ house ad-
journed.