The Sun.
London, England, 1852-03-05 00:00:00

HUTCHINiON V. PERRIER.

This appeal from a declidon of tbo Court of Session
in Scotland was continued this morning. The action
was raised by the appellant against the late Charles
Ferrier, for the purpose of recovering damages
from him on account of his having wrongtully
taken possession of a certain gateway and a small
piece of ground which were alleged to form
part of a larger portion of ground, in which the
appellant had a right of tenancy under the magis
trates and town council of Edinburgh. The pursuer
rook an issue, and at the trial he tendered cer-
tain writings in proof of his alleged right of tenancy.
These were objected to as unstamped; and it was ruled
by the Lord Jusfice-General, the presiding judge, that
the writings could not be received for want of stamps,
and that the tenancy could not be proved without them.
A. bill of exceptions against this ruling was disallowed
by the first division of the Court of Session, and against
this judgment the present appeal was taken. Two points
were raised in the court belew—first, whether these
were documents which rtquired to be stamped; and
second, whether it was incompetent to prove the matter
of tenancy in any other way than by them. On the
first point it was held that this was a contract of lease,
and that it would be a violation of the Stamp Act to ad
mit them; and, on the other hand, a d4,ubt was expressed
whether verbal evidence could be resorted to when writ-
ten evidence was shown.

YOUNG POETS.—The step between the sublime and
the ridiculous seems to be frequently taken by " aspiring
poets," and they insist on makii,g that respected and gene-
rally ♦ery prudent old lady, dame Nature, behave as it she
were the most outrageous and disorderly person created. If
she did and thought halt the things imputed to her, she
ougt t to have been burn in a straitjacket. See what a
" poet' sent us the other day, in "Stanzas written in a
Churchyard :"
-

..
6' I've wept my burning eye-balls,,blind
Beside my dying friends,
And here am I still left behind,
To count their latter ends."
And because we declined our praises we were deemed
" jealous;" but we leave the justice of the accusation to be
decided by " a generous public."—Elizu Cook's Journal.
PERFORATED POSTAGE STAMPS.—Everybody must
have found it more or less troublesome to cut the pos-
tage labels one from another for useful purposes. It causes
delay. Reflecting on this, a Mr. Archer invented a machine
to " notch" or "puncture" them in their natal hour, which
would enable people to tear them away at once, without the
application of knife or scissors. A correspondence with the
" Stamps and Taxes" was then opened on this matter, and
Mr. Archer's proposal—particularly as he wanted no pay till
the plan was ,uccessful—was favourably listened to. Mr.
Archer was offered by the Treasury four hundred pounds
rtebr
the purchase of his perforating machine, and two hunditg
pounds as a remuneration for the invention. Dissatisfiedtawm s
the sum proposed, Mr. Archer offered to furnish thanes
sandenmatis
five hundred
ahtuandcoresdt wpuhuicnhdawpouerldansnauvme
ajpuisetcethoel
isthporoup:
:17'B:faker, churchwarden,
posal made the authorities prick up
othectial_, being
economy that would cut down no fh
aednned.-
vice, they wrote off to Messrs. Perkins.
thing—but, instead of giving.th(e?rf"ceuolajurtarr—seY course,
made Mr. Archer's proposal a lever , , a
the
tgoinventor.iraectwhuned,boaewnndenfipttheoetteshebi,gs
tlemen in their charges—in which the • S, .nps and Taxes',
succeeded • and, satisfied with this noble achievement,
L thisp IsP E
institutionN SA RY;ras
" Their Honours" left Mr. Archer to his fate.T hlje pantnOutallie
present moment, Mr. Archer's machinery—good,h ebiaddy,
eosrteirri--
different—remains unused, somewhere in limbo.—Dickens's
Household Words.
read the re-
day, at the Dispensary, 26. Burto- crescent • b
, Ir. R. T. Cox,
meetingin
tS h Te.
chair.
ofA Nt
Ch
eigi Or
.vGeTr.En
port, from which it appeared that the
to the poor of the neighbourhood h efficiency of the charity
ring the past year 3,'264 • had touch increased. Du-
patient
whom 205 remained under s had been admitted, of
treatment;
1837 of 35,069 poor patients making a total since
relieved. The expenditure of
the year amounted to 366/
was much indebted to the vicar and clergy of the parish for
rendered the institution. Dr. Cogswell had
been elected
usual routine . physician, in the room of Dr. Taylor. The
business
the meeting was then proceeded with, after which
separated.
1111'. Merle, the senior of the dramatic feuilletonists
of the Paris press,
died
on Friday, aged 67. He came to
Paris in 1803, and was employed until 1805 in the (Aces of
the Minister of the Interior. lie then entered the army;
which he quitted in 1808, to return to I anis, where he gave
himself up entirely to literary pursuits, and particularly to
the dramatic art. He was attached as theatrical critic to
several journals, amongst which were the Mercure, Gazette
de France, Quotidienne, afterwards to the Union, for which
journal he wrote the theatrical feuilleton from 1823 to 1851,
when ill health compelled him to relinquish bis pen. From
1822 to 1826 he was the director of the Porte-St.. Martin
Theatre, where he introduced several
chefs-d'oeuvre of the
English theatre. In addition to the festilletuas he wrote '
' t number of vaudevilles and melodramas, • a
great which had
success, amongst others the ei-devant
great . . . t
Jeune klomnie
M. Mei le was a egitimis , and under the R •
wrote several pieces in honour of theelder estorat ion he
branch. He os-
d a very independent spirit, and P
sesse under the Empi,e he
constantly refused to write in support of that
was married to Madame Dorval, the actr gos,ernment. He
actress.
The audience given by the Queen, before the levee
on Wedne‘day, to the Earl of Derby, is understood to have
been of unusually prolonged duration, occupying fully two
hours, and the subject is re
meeting held at ported to have been the important
Anti-Corn-law League Manchesterwas
on the previous day, when the
Dr. Travers Twi S s -as
reconstituted.—Morning Paper.
of Canterbury .has been appointed by the Arch-
bishopterbury. on the ' y l of the province of Can-
resignation of Sir '
Dean of the Arches and Judge dohn ll..dson, appointed
Canterbury, La
Yot, the r99E4 Qf the late 51r lierbert Jenner

INSTITUTION OF CIVIL. ENGINEERS.
On Tuesdey, lei ere.. 2 (Janos M. Render, E,e . Pre:
sident, in the chair) the first paper read was on the
Electric Telegraph, and the principal improvements in its
construction," by Mr. F. R. Window, Assoc. Test. C.E.
Alter a brief notice of some of the early systems of
telegraphs employed by the ancients, such as beacon
fires. and the escape of water from pet forated vessels, as
described by Polybius, and illso a few of those of mo-
dern coestruction, sech as Amon;on aid Chappe's serna•
phor•s and the Ueiversal Telegraph invented by Major-
G neral it Charles Paley; a description was given of
some experiments made in the last and present cen-
turies on the possibility of transmitting electricity to
considerable distances, with the view of adapting this
power to telegraphic purposes. Among there were
mentioned the experiments of—Du Fay, who, in France,
in the year 1733, discharged a Leyden jar through Cr
wards of four miles of wire; of Wieckler, who, at
Leiezic, in 1746, discharged a Leyden jtr through
long wire, a portion of the riser ?kiss being included
in the circuit; aid of Dr. Watson, who, in 1747, sus'
pendee a length of two miles of wire on posts it
Shooter's Hill, and sent electrical currents through it,
the circuit being completed by the earth. This was
particularly noted, because in all the earlier inventions
of the present century a separate wire was reserved for
this purpcse.
'The general existing: system of electric ttlegraPhs
was then examined, aid divided by the author info
three distinct department:-Ist, the battery, or t°l/
motive power; 2d, the wires and their insulation, or 1-4°
means of conveying the erthteorethewapslacl
and, 3s, the instrureents or the means of using the
power. Of the two formerpow
attar-
lated, iuspmuch as they had received scarcely any
non from inventors, which the author regretted, n!,b,,,,e
thought these departments offered the widest field
substantial improvement.
The ordinary voltaic batteries were then described'
together with the method of obtaining electricity from
the permanent magnet, as employed by Cooke and 1)14
Henley, and the manner in which it was adapted to t
eittolfe its
so
action;
and,
use of the telegraph. The means of insulation iseri
mentioned as specially needing reform; the preset,
aboveground system being uncertain and imperfte.;
its action, and the underground systems too exPel39l
in their construction. It, was explained that the object()
of Mr. Edwin Clark's metallic capped insulators 019
prevent dew from being deposited upon the no,rr;ig
~as
cups, as was always the case from the good ta°ll-tilsa
qualities of all non-conductors. The invention cons's'„,
in surrounding the insulators with a metallic substance'
by which, from the bad absorbing properties of metals'
radiation trom the porcelain was greatly checkhe
dewand p
it was thAusshproervtentedfrorn description ewe's:s hen n
in downg below
fw the
principal existing instruments; amongst which
Cooke's five needle, Cooke and Wheatstone 's dote
and single needle, Wheatstone'd indicating, Bain's cri,
mical decomposition, Henley's magnetic, Brett's Pr'n
i vei oehr
mg, and Bakeweli's Copying Telegraphs. a eel
The paper concluded by asserting that the Prld,.
systems of electric telegraph must by no means be, 71-
turn their attention to the improvement of the batter' to
and the means of insulating the wires, rather al% is
the production of new instruments, in which div/101
was stated that perfection could probably be carried 7,
little further, until some important changes were efffew"
in the other two departments.
The s• curet paper read was " The History, Thoel,
and Practice of the Electric Telegraph," by blr.
Adley.
The first portion of the paper contained a descri•tiod
of the various modes of transmitting signals Pr°riees
and adopted prior to the electric telegraph. Their
of Cardinal &mho, the Marquis of Woscester, esubeer
re
Hooke, Amanton, Marcel, Linguet, and ChaPPe'
noticeo.
Tee various forms of telegraphs, in which elect-gal
waswe were
the
dividedexciting
tt o
tcause, a
eras the
were,
etlheoentrodsteastcirnibaenda
eieecetnrto.,
dynamic. The electrostatic era comprised all telegrera
in which statical, or frictional electricity was lbe ajnati d,
principle, such as the plans of Other, Lesage, 1-Ic'';rhe
Betancourt, Reiser, Cavallo, Salve, and Ronald
electrodynamic era included ail telegraphs in ssbiell;te
talc, or •es mimic electricity was the prime mover, OS
the telegraphs of emmmerring, Schweiger, Wedge"ler,
Coxe, Ault Dyar, Schilling, Gauss, Alerts°
he•atstone, &c. roPh
This brought the chronology of the electric tel (0
to the year 1837, and the history was then concludedls.
the year 1851, by a classified list of the various Ps" tee
The second part of the paper was devoted tf, die
theory and practice of the electric telegraph; sle.
subject was enlarged upon under the following besrias
Ist, The priuciplee adapted; 2d, The materials e.,.„
played; 3d, Pracical oifficult es, and remarkable
ranging causes, with investigations as to their origl,,P:
4th, Tee laws which govern the action of the telegraP
sth, Theories of the mode of transmission of the ele°li;
fluid, and or the earth-circuit; and, 6th, Practical 6r.
ptications and concluding remarks. 00
These heads were again subdivided, and the i'srl
were noticewda.s entegejo see
portions of the telegraph were treated of separate,.
g Variousfa ults,
The modes of connecting the instruments at the stati°l3,4
were given in detail, together with several praetlcro,
autlieosu foofr
aline.detectin
practice were pointed out, and the consideration of iv
medics was invited.
The action of the Aurora Borealis, the demagnetisdi:
rangement by other disturbances,
tionwhich oncurreu
of the needles by lightning, and their frequent .-
daenfdectsthe general roan:pia
A lengthened and elaborate investigatioa
into. with a view of arriving at the origin of the peri_e..'r
disaffections of the magnetic needles, which the au
r,,„
attributed chiefly to the electric variations of the atefrie
sphere, magnetic storms, earth currents, thermo-el
currents and caloric. tb°
An original law which governed the deflections 0f.130
magnetic needles was introduced by the author•
laws of Professors Wheatstone and Ohm were also r
no.,
as well as the theories of Dr. Faraday, Magrini, O
and other philosophers. rap
h
The various app 2d,lications of the Electric Telfg for
were then described, such as:-Ist, for printing; 3d,
working a series of clocks isochronously togethetrb:
for
for the comparison of the pendulums; 4th sad for pre'
registering meteorological observations• 611), oarscese
diming explosions for blasting; 7th, 'for cotop
for r°
astronomical observations; Bth, chronoscopee,
suriug the flight ot cannon balls &e , . and nubile
After citing proofs of the commercial valve
-Andel
service of the electric telegraph, the paper. 0„
with a few observations as to the ultimate
world wide utility of so wonderful an invention.
eiectrio
It was announced that the discussion on theusrais 9,
telegrapri would he resumed at the meeting ofe7iubjeors
wren the entire evenin would be devoted t°tb
oses were
Ac the monthly ballot the following can
R Gar'
duly elected:—Messrs. J. Beatty, S. Diewsl; Whiq'
rett, J. Vaughan, J. Whiebeord, and Cap
as Asacciates.

buoveyreydienyvessibreleTs'ohnTwhFeerlanklin Psse6l°lll:l-1
THE ARCTIC SEARCIi 4 the
We extract from a recent American Joan-
the
'ollowing letter by Captsin Wilkes, relsstive to k.
best mode of pursuing the search for Sir John Fr°
lin and his companions : • e to
Many have been the inquiries made of me relatt/ ~.,
,be plan I would propose tor the relief of Sir Pe".
Franklin. I desire now to say a few words on the subjete
1. The great desideratum
risking of any more valuable lives in the attempt to rri
bstt oeho :le err
cob
wherenestand believe to have now /366001
l!ehviel
stthnotsheers,
whom
meapnYwith hope, still
belief that relief may yet be in time.
2. To make the relief both as speedy and Effectual Si:
possible. Great loss of time has already been the reit',
refore I pro Poses
winter 1845-6, at the mouth of
which can be annually
,non, provided with all the
(oit
~,
cfcs:et
boats, &c.,
ceu.ot,
harbour
of the
approached Linton Cno eto
by vessels; the ~,0
means necessary, vis., 81i' ' e
:11,
to cling
sh
strObol
place a temporary Colony of i., d bo
uetwfaen 400 se, doh
r. ll°
ion; and for this tam most lappropriaw until the
whole Arctic region is temporary
colony to remain .
_,,,,
this poiut. This searched in all directionektere;
effectual explorationforcein
n would be adequate o,dwhe sob'
two seasons, and '
ject to nu more risk than vi"
untered
such climates,
which, . what may be en'r former eV
peditions, have by the experience of ...t
not been tound to be subject to gees
casualties than other portions of the globe, a and
well readily be admitted that a well-plante
~010,
3ci, provisioned colony, ind, pendent kJ' ships or wo Di
. a well provided with the most approved impleceepauld•
both boats and sledges, could not tail, under the ristp•
11ce m e.n
ainnda
pleolricah, i 8 t o avoid
of energy and perseverance, to bttcceed in ea ;sane
,d• apprenension of any kind to those
tirily exploring this region. and with out inconveei'dis
, engaged ii!,. as..
service, except the necessary fatigues and discorofortashe
tending such arduous service; and il! it shotild be the
good tortune of any of the exploring parties to di c,,,0s
Sir John and his companions,
of not only effectually rescuing them, but of tiff°. le
them all the comforts apP i '
a temporary colony could a
sow
i t h
Thisout
greatncnit.vehecentyi inconvenience to lldd. b anlotetbtebi
Deoffni.:ti;
andthemselves.
this
v v
with lesser ones,
viz., the dete,n nuation h bpi
geography of these Arctic regions, whie WO
so long engaged, the poen
tb°
and at great co: it,
of the British Government. To this II would hatjb 3il
investigation of many subjects of Beim ce, to Iv--serve
unnecessary for me but to allude. Th ese would ce,
.to amuse as well as usefully employ the to:Dr:alto
buy during the season of darkness. Believing thatoo,
outline of proceedings will give all an it lea o theboille
tier of affording effectual relief, and of its praotio%sery
without incurring the loss of lives, I deem it unnee' solo
to touch upon the details of such duties., Those Rho
will have the performance of them will
hest .he bestibutity,
of what they may require; and having vere,t'lwaeto
they should have their wishes acceded to visd their
well supplied. r h We
Having full confidence in the practibility 0. t-f , result
above sketch d out, I am equally confident t he t't'
root
—whether it be in the humane effort of 4ff,-, rdteg
o tribil'
to sir John Franklin, determining his tate, or il:' elighli
tient, to our knowledge and science—must pit vile iliac
Indlourable to our country; and I therefore b°P:rougls
both branches of Congress, before whom I hav 'es t.coo,
a teem-resl, brought the subject, will not de 14Y.r; time
but pass the approprialion required, as but a 13,:". 0011-
is left to make preparations in orthr to meet t"'
tug of the season of navigation in the north. 1
ODOS'
CHARLES
Washington, Feb. 11•
_

011;11lll..:
LIE FATAL PUGILISTIC ENCOUNTI3S
citark-L.—Yesterday Mr. Baker held a lengthei led
iliged
at the London Hospital on the body of John Sc eeeN' a lean
50, who lomt hip lite outiq a pugilistic wocouoter
e
named Dani Gallaher, at the Red Lion and S, pread e re-
Whitechapel-a road. The jury, after heariug the evidlej DI
turned a verdict " That tho decea9oCl'4l .40011 V (45 Cit
claw medley."