The Sun.
London, England, 1852-01-22 00:00:00

E S

faction to the masses of the people, now discontented
by being excluded from the Parliamentary franchise;
and I would entreat those men of rank and influence
who have hitherto stood aloof from the reform move-
ment, to join cordially in promoting contentment
amongst the millions, and in giving to them an in-
terest in preserving the peace, and in protecting
the liberal institutions of the kingdom• I have
seen with satisfaction the proceedings of the
Reformers of Manchester, and am pleased that
they have adopted the scheme of Reform
submitted by me of late years to the House of Com-
mons ; and I hope the Reformers of Edinburgh will
also give their countenance to those safe and consti-
tutional reforms. I would here guard Reformers
against an error into which many well-disposed
persons have fallen, of requiring, as a qualification for
the voter, that he should pay up the taxes for which
he has been assessed and registered. The payment of
taxes to enable electors to give their votes was one of
the most prolific causes of bribery and corruption
in Westminster, Southwark, and other places, before
1831-32, and: ought, therefore, in any change
that is made, to be altogether done away with.
The assessment, registration, and residence, should
be the qualification to distinguish the householder
from the vagrant, which is all that ought to be done.
The rate and register book and time of residence
should be the proof of qualification; and the payment
of the taxes or rates for which the householder has
been assessed should be left in the same category with
all other debts due by the householder. The laws to
enable the collector to collect the taxes have equal if
not more power than fur the collection of other house-
hold and personal debts ; and, therefore, no distinc-
tion should be made in those debts.

"I think, when in Edinburgh, I stated carefully
the distinction I have now more particularly made ;
and I hope that the committee for preparing the reso-
lutions for the meeting will keep that distinction in
view.

"In conclusion, I would say that the events on the
Continent of Europe should induce all classes to
concur in improving the liberal institutions of our
country, and implanting them on a still more perma-
nent basis, which has always been and is my object
and aim as a reformer.—I remain, &c.,
" Josurn ITUME.
" Burnley Hall, Norfolk, Jan. 6 "

INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS.
Oh Tuesday, (James Meadows Mendell, Esq , Pre-
sident, in the chair), the paper read was " On the
Alluvial Formations, and the Local Changes, of the
South Eastern Coast of England. Second Section—
from Beachy Head to Portland ;" by Mr. J. B. Red-
man, M. het. C. E.
Westward of Bsachy Head the effects produced by
local variations in the beach were traced—the "fulls"
tailing across the outfall of Cucktnere Haven, and
driving the outlet eastward, creating a barrier of
beach at Seaford—at an early period the outfall of
Newhaven Harbour—where an ancient outlet existed
on the site of the present entrance, subsequently pro-
jected eastward by the passage of shingle from the
westward, until rendered permanent by piers. The
recent degradation of the shore along Seaford Bay,
from the shingle being arrested to the westward, and
the unavailing attempt to stop this movement by
blasting the cliff at Seaford Head, were noticed. The
waste of the coast at Rottingdean, the modern changes
at Brighton. the great variations in the outlet of
Shoreham Harbour, until rendered permanent by
artificial works, were examined, as well as the ana-
logous effects on the coast generally at Pagham,
across the entrance of which a spit had been formed,
similar to those at the ancient harbours of Romney
and Pevensey. The anchorage of the Park, oft
Selsey Bill, once presumed to have been a portion
of the site of a bishop's see, prior to its removal to
Chichester, owing to the progressive waste of the
shore. At the back of the Isle of Wight, the
peculiarities of the land-locked harbours, and
the protection afforded by the shore defences to Ports-
mouth harbour, so little altered in its general outline,
since the time of Henry the Eighth, were described,
as also the remarkable promontory called Hurst Point,
many of the characteristics of which were similar to
those of the Chesil Bank, Calshot Point, and other
formations, such as a low flat shore to leeward (east-
ward), and a highly inclined beach seaward, with a
tendency to curve round to the northward and east-
ward, and eventually to inclose a tidal mere, or
estuary. The elevation and size of the pebbles in-
creased towards the extremity of these points, and in
places on the sea slope an intermixture of coarse sand
and shingle, which bad become solid and homogene-
ous by age, cropped out through the modern beach.
The remaining portion of the coast of Hampshire,
end that of Dorsetshire, as far as Weymouth, were
then minutely described, and the paper concluded
with a particular account of the Chesil Bank, which
in magnitude far exceeded all other formations of the
kind, and which it was considered might be attributed
to the waste of the great West Bay.
Numerous diagrams, compiled from ancient and
modern maps, together with sections and sketches of
the various alluvial spits along the coast, were exhi-
bited, and it was shown that all these local accumula-
tions had many features in common, and were subject
to the same alternating effects of loss and gain, and
were the resultant of causes in constant operation, the
whole exercising a most important influence on har-
bour and marine engineering generally.
In the discussion which ensued, in which Sir C.
Lyell, Sir E. Belcher, Mr. Rennie, Captain O'Brien,
Mr. Scott Russell, and the author took part, the pe-
culiarities of the different parts of the coast were still
further described, and the formation of the moles of
shingle were attributed,:by some of the speakers, to
'
the action of the tidal currents, but more generally,
by others, to the mechanical power of the waves
alone, which appeared to account for the apparently
anomalous fact that the largest pebbles were always
found on the summit and to leeward. Chesil, Hurst,
and Dungeness beaches were referred to, us re-
markable instances of results produced by such causes;
and the effect of the severe storm of November, 1824,
on the base of Hurst Beach was alluded to.
A short account of Mr. Deane's Submarine re-
searches on the Shambles Shoal, off the Bill of Port-
land, was read, describing that shoal to consist entirely
of a bed of small broken shells, arranged is parallel
shelves, or steps, instead of, as bad been supposed,
being formed of boulders and pebbles. Tnis peculiar
arrangement of light shells, at depths varying from
four to nine fathoms, must be the result of the action
of the currents forming a spot comparatively with-
out motion, and induced curious speculations as to
the causes of the accumulation, and the effects that
might be produced on similar aggregations by artifi-
cial works.
The discussion was adjourned until Tuesday, Jan.
27, when, if time permitted, the following paper was
announced for reading :—" Description of a Cast Iron
Viaduct erected at Manchester, forming part of the
joint Station of the London end North-Western, and
Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire Railways,"
by A. S. Jee, M. Inst. C. E.

E SITY INTELLIGENCE.
d ates who intend to offer them-
selvesUN' UNIVERSITY
20.—The Junior Proctor will receive
Term, on
from two till three o'clock.
the 26th instant,
tillMonday,three o'clock.
Responsions in Hilary
the° xFortr namespt 'ho of Under
Tuesday,
28th, from twelve till three o'clock.
Wednesday, the .
ther bring in person, or trans-
mit Each candidate must either the 27th, from one
theLreligiisstnrittart.
through his tutor—
• ts and books in which he pro-
paper, or a copy of it attested by
2. A list of the subjects
poses to be examined.
th!Tii.l3l; may need a
te
—Those in order to their
dispensationhaving
from the Vice-Chancellor and Proctors, are required attend at the Vice-Chancellor's house on Tuesday, the
the
27th instant,lat ten o'clock, and to bring with them the head or tutor of their college or hall a written state-
ment of the grounds on which the dispensation is sought.
The Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History (Mr.
Hussey, of Christ Church') proposes to begin his lectures
for this term on Monday, the 16th of February, with two
classes, reading Eusebins and Bede.
The lectures are open to members of the University
who have passed the B.A. Examination; and all who
wish to attend them are requested to call on the Pro-
between at 25, Beaumont-street, on Saturday, Feb. 14,
twelve and two o 'clock.

n..., Jervis was
HCAoIToRn nil henry court-martial,
ofl wArhicCh
sident, assembled in Chatham Barracks, f 20.—A ge-
neral
M`Cormick, of the 16th Regiment of nerCal°cTioßuTr;
otlfie trial
.„ oflorivate
J. S. Wood, the brigade-major of the garrison,"Qt* -;alatain
deputy judge-advocate, and read the charges officiated as
prisoner. Charge 1. For having, on the nigat:fgainst the
the
26th
December, 1851, threatened to strike Lieutenant and
C. S. Flower, with a life-preserver; 2. For threatening to
Adjutant
shoot the Adjutant-Lieutenant C. S. Flower; 3or
at-
tempting to strike Corporal P. Linehan), 16th Foot; and aadditional charge charged the prisoner for having, at Hythe
Barracks, used threatening . language to Lieutenant: and
Adjutant Flower, on the 7th instant, by saying, " 111 have
my revenge of you, Lieutenant Flower, you b—, dead or
alive." To the charges the prisoner pleaded not guilty.
Eleven witnesses were examined for the prosecution, and five
for the defence. The prisoner was found guilty. Several
former convictions were proved against hm. The sentence
of the court is not known.
THE LIVERPOOL COAL TRADE.—We are indebted
to Mr. Hamilton Laird for the following comparative ac-
count of the co trade
1 a 'of Liverpool, in the years 1850 and
1851:—Countries bordering on the North and Baltic Seas,
1850, 3,559 ; 1851, 2,337. France, 1850, 17,9 P• 1851,
. - - ,
16,666. Countries and islands bordering on the Mediterra-
nean Sea, 1850, 30,184 border .
; 1851, 44 81,3 Countriesborder-
ing on the Black Sea, 1850 '- . , 1,0 .
98 West Indies, 1850,
12,642; 1851, 15,957. Portoal the Azores, and Madeira,
1850, 6,822; 1851, 8,810. Spain • 1850,
6,152 ; 1851, 5,459. North America,
and the Canarnie_s, _
~_,
~
1810, 83,5,ai.; 1 01
73,198. South America, 1850, 60:4coai East
Indies and China, 11'50, 19,0, .1 ; 1851, 3809,. _
Islands, 1850, 654; 1851, 869. ' Africa,
28,617. Channel
a, 1850, 1,493 ; 1851,
6,97'. Australis, 1850, 2,161; 18-
400. Total, 1850,
251,601; 1851, 245,903.
FURNESS Afip PILE HARBOUR RAILWAY.—The
the
cost of this proposed new line, with branch fromOrgrave
Tramway, is estimated by the engineer at 45,0511,

LONDON,