The Sun.
London, England, 1852-10-13 00:00:00

• 1= •
• e 7. ss erm rx.l
r., it • OCTOBER 13, 1852.
N°.18,740.] LONDON, WEDNESDAY
41.1
••• d, •
7

FAIR HEAD HARBOUR and NORTH of
IRELAND MINING COMPANY.
NO FURTHER. APPLICATIONS for Sit RES in this Company
will be received after THURSDAY next, the 14th instant.
DEVON, Chairman.

THE QUARTERLY REVIEW,
No. CLXXXII., is published THIS DAY.

CONTENTS:
I. British Bards and Stonehenge.
11. lonian Islands..
111. Irish Salmon.
IV. Dr. Chalmers.
V. Sindh.
VI. Lord Langdale.
VII. Gold Discoveries.
VIII. Parliamentary Prospects.
John Murray, Albemarle-street.

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the question of the shipping interest of this country,
he might be snowed to say a few words. He had
seen Mrs. Chisholm on the occasion of an emigrant
ship sailing from Gravesend, and one remark which
she then made Strongly impressed him. It was
that shipowners bad hitherto treated emigrants as
they would bates of Manchester goods. He
had felt that the gross injustice that was
done to the passengers re-acted also very
disadvantagecusty on the shipowners, bscause it must
tell on their interests in the long run. He had
adopted Mrs. Chisholm's suggestions, and made
some alteration in his ships. He had not yet, how
ever, attained perfection—(A laugh)—and he thought
Mrs. Chisholm had thrown out some excellent hints
that night. The-plan of having a separate compart-
ment of the slip for the emigrants' provisions, to be
kept under lock and key, was one which, on the
ground even of self-interest alone, shipowners ought
to adopt ; andfrom that moment forth he should in-
troduce it into the next ship he dispatched. The
principle of this storeroom would be something like
that of the bonded warehouse, there being two pad-
locks upon it. One person, appointed by the passen-
gers, should have the custody of one key, and the third
officer of the ship the other, so that no person could get
at the contents till both parties were present. With re-
gard to the barbarous custom of shaving on crossing
the line, it was a humiliating and villainous ordeal, of
which he had unfortunately had personal experience
—(Laughter)—and he was not surprised' that the
stout men of Kent were afraid of it. For himself
he had inserted a close in the regulations of his last
ship, prohibiting the practice altogether, and also the
exaction of money from the passengers for exemption.
Emigration was 'eoly now in its infancy, and he be-
lieved it was &Jae tyas- well as the interest of the
shipowtiter4emitire -MI passengers -as comfortable-as
they possibly could within the limits of a ship. The
first move he intended to make in this matter was to
have a ship fitted entirely for emigrants, of 2,500
tons burthen, or 1,800 tons register, to be called the
Caroline Chishalm, and which would convey that
lady and her fellow-emigrants across the seas to the
Australian colonies, and be the forerunner of a line
of ships of the same character.—(Cheers.)
A person in the body of the meeting asked Mr.
Lindsay his opinion of iron ships ?
Mr. LINDSAY would answer that question by say-
ing that he was building iron ships now himself, be-
cause: they were superior in strength and security
to wooden ships. This he thought was illustrated by
the fact of the Great Britain iron steamer, when she
ran ashore, being got off, after knocking about for a
number of days, without any other injury than the
rust, whereas another vessel, while going down a
quiet river to Bristol, struck the beach, and became a
total wreck.
Mr. ROBERT LoWE, M.P., said that, having resided
for eight years in the Australian colonies, and having
had ample opportunities of judging of their resources,
he was convinced that those who could not provide a
good, comfortable, and sufficient maintenance for
themselves here, could not do better than go to a land
which came as near to his notion of an earthly Para-
dise as any country in the world, and where, with
common industry and care, a certain competence and
even affluence awaited every man who kept from in-
temperance. There the climate was most exhilirating
—there there were no blue devils—(Laughter)—they
had no November fogs, and no days which suggested
P
gently to a man to go and hang himself.—(Laughter.)rovisions, too, were exceedingly cheap, and he had
often bought the best hind quarters for his family at a
farthing per lb. Tea was Is. a lb.; and sugar and all
other necessaries proportionately cheap. Much cloth-
ing was not required, in fact the clothes that were
worn were more for look than for use; and houses
to live in did not require to be made of stone or
few slabs cut from a tree constituted suffi
c -
materials to erect a dwelling. In fact, if there
not a single grain of gold in the whole country
attractions of the colonies were sufficient to in-
btdwhi rueaei
:es
et —a k
any labouring man who considered his position
and was not comfortable here to transfer his ener-
gies to them. For his part he considered that the
gold did not constitute their advantages, but only
drew attention to their advantages, because if people
saw that in a few years they could rise to comfort,
affluence, and independence, and that was the case
long before the discovery of gold, they would say that
fact was quite sufficient to lead reasonable men who
wished to escape from poverty and want, to go
thither. And therefore it was not merely on the
ground of the gold discoveries that he advocated
emigration, because the field would be as good, and
possibly in some respects better, if there was no gold.
He would just touch on some of the causes which power-
fully checked emigration to our Australian colonies,
and diverted the stream to a rival power, the United
States of America. The two causes most strongly
and violently operating to deter our people from going
to Australia and preferring America were the high
price of land in Australia and the system of trans-
portation. In America the emigrant could buy land
for a dollar an acre from the Government ; in Aus-
tralia the Government would not permit land to he
sold under 11. an acre ; so that the emigrant to Aus-
tralia went three times as far in order to buy land
for five times as much. That was the way in which
our Government protected our colonies and stimulated
people to go tbere; and the consequence had been up
till very recently, that whilst upwards of 250,000
subjects of this country annually went to the United
States, only 30,000 went to Australia; and yet the
parties paid their own passage to America, while those
who went to Australia were taken out at the expense
of the colonies. We were actually obliged to bribe
people to go to our colonies, instead of going to a
place not one-twentieth as eligible for emigration.
If, therefore, they wanted to promote the best kind of
emigration, they ought to advocate the reduction of
the price of land to the American rate,by which means
they would get the people to settle and fasten on the
land, which was much better than, by opposing as great
obstacles to their obtaining an inch of the soil in
fee-simple in the colonies as they experienced in the
old country, to make them a migratory population,
which would leave its regular employment at the first
word about gold diggings or any similar discovery.
It was in vain, therefore, for Mrs. Chisholm to plan,
or Mr. Lindsay to execute, when the Government, by
a gross and glaring policy, were doing everything in
their power to counteract their efforts. The second
hindrance to emigration to Australia was the system
cf transportation, which appealed to higher and
nobler motives—to a man's conscience and his feelings
as a husband and a father. They said to a man,
"Go by all means to the colonies, but you go under
a penalty that you must bring up your sons and your
daughters in contact with convicted felons." In
order that the colonies might continue good and vir-
tuous, we ought to keep as far as possible from them
this contaminating flood which we were now pouring
over them month after month. It might be said that
Van Diemen's Land was the only colony to which
convicts were sent ; but it must be remembered that
that island was very near to the other colonies, to
which the passage was cheap, and the facilities for
escape great, and that penal settlement must become
only the filter through which the foul stream flowed
to all the other Australian colonies.—(Hear, hear.)
The proceedings, which were protracted to a some-
what late hour, terminated with a vote of thanks to
the chairman.

FAMILY COLONIZATION FOR
AUSTRALIA.
Last evening Mrs, Chisholm held another group
meeting of intending emigrants in the Boys' Paro-
chial School-room, Clapham-common, the Rev.
Wentworth A. Bowyer, rector of the parish, in the
chair. The subject announced for discussion was—
" Government inspection of provisions not sufficient
protection to emigrants." Long before eight o'clock
(the hour for commencing the proceeding,) the room
was crowded with an audience of the working classes,
and large numbers of both sexes congregated outside
were unable to obtain admission, from the want of
accommodation. On entering the room Mrs. Chis-
holm was received with loud applause. Beside her,
on the platform, were Mr. R. Lowe, M.P. for Kidder-
minster, Mr. W. S. Lindsay, the large shipowner, and
several other ladies and gentlemen interested in the
emigration movement.
The Rev. CHAIRMAN having briefly introduced the
business of the evening, and expressed his regret that
the room was not double the size, so as to contain the
crowd outside,
Mrs. CHISHOLM rose to address the meeting. She
said that the usual mode adopted to persuade people
to emigrate was to give bright and glowing descrip-
tions of the colonies, so as to tempt them to go to
them ; but, as a friend to emigration, she would ven-
ture to point out, some of the dangers connected tvith
it. Several gentlemen connected with shipping, as
well as provision merchants, were present that even-
ing to hear the remarks which she had to make on the
present mode of provisioning ships. From upwards of
30 villages and towns in England she had received re-
quests to visit them, in order to hold group meetings ;
and she was also under a promise to visit Scotland for
a month; and she did not like to go there until the dif-
ficulties 'with which she was now surrounded 'Were-
brought fairlybefore the public. The Act of Parliament
did not meet them, but they could be met by a gene-
rous spirit amongst those engaged in the trade. They
found in all the newspapers that there was an inspec-
tion of the provisions consumed in emigrant ships
made by Captain Lean, the Government officer, than
whom there could not be a man more fitted for
or more honest in the discharge of his duties,
and one whose tack and management bad often se-
cured for the emigrants many comforts which the Act
did not enforce. But if she were to-morrow to buy
and pay for the best provisions she could get, and put
them on board the emigrant vessel; even although
they passed the inspection of the Government officer,
she was under the necessity of stating that that in-
spection did not afford sufficient protection to the
emigrants. The Act gave the Government officer
the power of rejecting unfit provisions, but this
operated no further than merely to prevent large
quantities of bad provisions from being put on board
ship. Provisions that were allowed to pass were put
into the hold ; there was no separate place to keep
them in, and it was seldom that more than one man
—generally the third mate—was employed in serving
them out to the emigrants. The consequence was
that they frequently heard reports of bad provisions,
sometimes within a few days after the ship left
Gravesend. She thought there would never be suffi •
cient security for the emigrants getting their proper
provisions, until a cupboard was specially set apart in
the ship for containing them, the key of which should
he kept by a person who could be entrusted with it.
She had known provisions served to emigrants, 14
days after they left port, that were not the same as
those which had been put on board for them. The
Emigration Commissioners had done all in their
power to guard against this evil—they had insisted
that the same quality of provisions should be pro-
vided for the emigrants as were used for the officers
and crew ; and it was not likely that Jack would
have the worst for himself ; but this rule did not
prevent beef from being bought at a low figure, and
afterwards exchanged for what had been provided for
the emigrants. Now this was a very hard thing for
the respectable provision merchant, because his cha-
racter was likely to suffer from being left at the mercy
of the temper or the honesty of not only one indivi-
dual in the ship, but of half a dozen; and, indeed, this
difficulty was so great, that a number of most respect-
able men were deterred from entering upon emigration
as a business. It had been her rule never to speak of a
difficulty unless she could tell bow to overcome it, and
she never mentioned one in public until she had first
tried to surmount it in private without success.
She wished the shipowners to listen to this matter,
because it was the cause of a want of confi-
dence which impeded the full development of emigra-
tion among the working classes. The amended Act
of Parliament now enjoined that for every 100 emi-
grants taken on hoard there should be a steward, who
should assist in giving out the provisions. Now she
had herself examined the cases of 947 emigrants who
had gone in the ships of the most respectable houses,
and the question they were accustomed to put was,
"This is a good dietary table, but do you think we '
shall have these provisions ?" because letter after letter I
came stating that in certain cases the quality had n
1
been good, and even the persons who shipped the
provisions entertained strong doubts of the articles 1
complained of ever having been put on board by them.
The effect of this want of confidence was to increase 1
the cost to the emigrant very seriously. Out of the 1
whole 947 emigrants to whom she referred, there was
not a single man or single woman among them—they 1
were all married men and women with their families, 1
whose only anxiety was to provide themselves with
proper food; and she found that of bacon, beef,
and biscuits they had provided a store for them-
selves to the amount of 2/. 17s. 6d. per adult. Of that '
sum only 33. 6d. per adult was spent in luxuries—if
one pot ofj am for each family could be called luxu-
ries—so that 2/. 14s. worth of provisions bad been
put into the ship by each adult, not because they
were wanted, but from a dread lest their proper pro- i
visions should be changed on the voyage. Now she
thought it would be very easy to meet that difficulty
by having a pantry for the emigrants. Itom c had been
suggested that an Act should be passed tocompel
ships with emigrants to carry a surgeon and surgeon's
mate, the first duty of the latter to be to see the pro-
visions when examined by the Government officer;
after being approved of by him, the surgeon's mate to
take charge of them, and put his own mark on every
package, and to see them stowed away in a store-room
set aside for that purpose on board ship, the key of
which to be kept in his possession ; the whole of the
provisions to be served out by the surgeon's mate
only, and at the end of the voyage he should have to
render an account of the ship's stores in duplicate,
together with such remarks as might be necessary on
their quality and condition; the one to be forwarded
to the owners or charterers of the ship in England,
the other to be delivered to their agents at the port of
destination. As the health of the emigrants
meat depend much on the provisions, the me-
dical officer was the fittest person to be made respon-
sible in this matter. What she wanted was to save
this sum of 21. 17s. 61. to the poor working man,
because if emigration was made cheaper the separa-
tion of the members of families would not be so great
as it was now. Arrangements for washing and iron-
ing on board also economise the means of the emi-
grants ; and nothing tended more to check infection
when fevers were about so much as the hot ironing of
the clothes.—(Hear, hear.) The next thing the men
engaged in emigration ought to do was to abolish the
barbarous custom of shaving on crossing the line—
(Laughter)—and extorting money from the passen-
gers to buy exemption from the operation. It irritated
the emigrants as much as it would annoy any woman
present to be stopped on leaving the room and told
that, as it was the first time she had attended Mrs.
Chisholm's meetings she must pay 55., or she should
have a bucket of cold water thrown over her, unless
she " cashed up" immediately.—(Laughter.) Mrs.
Chisholm then cited an aggravated case of a boy
who was a cabin passenger having been compelled
to give is. 6d. to the sailors to buy spirits
with when crossing the line ; and afterwards, when
he would not submit to still further exactions
his head was dipped in a pailful of filthy grease,
technically called lather; and an excellent suit of
clothes which he wore at the time was ruined. Cases
of that kind she said were frequent, and she believed
the shipowners had only to threaten to discharge all
captains who did not suppress the disgusting practice,
which she believed more than anything else intimi-
dated the stoutest men in Kent from emigrating, and
this relic of barbarism would at once be put an end
to. She would only add another suggestion, and that
was that there ought to be some further improvements
made in the cooking grates used for the emigrants,
and their comfort would be considerably increased.
She would not detain the meeting any longer, as Mr.
Lindsay and Mr. Lowe, M.P., were there to address
them ; the formei of whom would take the lead in this
movement among shipowners, and she hoped that by
Christmas next there would be a neck and neck chase,
not for the greatest amount of profits, but for the
, would speedily
and the great business highest character between the merchants and ship-
owners, and that emigration, which had been too long
considered by shionoewesnoefrs.thmeenrealtyiona.s_a(clihtetleersj.7hing,
business
pay a humble tribuptheiloafntiir
become their great business
Mr. W. S. LINDSAY said that he had attended there
not for the purpose of speaking, but to
that evening,
respect to Mrs. Chisholm and
philanthropy of
connected wh
the great cause of
with
cit:
hshe h
ewas u
esso:
emigration was intimatelyA
noble a representative. however, the. subject of
tion iilhich be had studisa from his boyhood, namely,

BlpiloeoTptnirece,inheiclnttegwarEst,hati
the
SEARCHsatisfactory.
seastnheengaged
nrg,todyeb(ted. FOR FRANKLIN.
ihrts`
hritwotenihmniNeeteitolheetrmehot
phemaTeeytrlrlinn 11,saoktnerusds:wll
adventureeeoials tissbitienor
t
The intelligence received from the Arctic Expsdi •
ac-
complished. It would be premature, afterrifaatitEdward
gnel
interval that hifs elapsed since the departure of Sir
John Franklin and his brave companions, to give
way to hopes that may prove visionary; but at least
we shall know whether all hope of seeing them again
alive must be absolutely resigned. This time the
icy seas will in all probability be fairly searched; for
Sir Edward Belcher appears to have commenced his
progress into their secret recesses under circum •
stances as favourable as those which attended upon
Franklin's own advance. In the case of every
single expedition which has been directed into
these icy regions in search of our missing coun-
trymen an inclement sky and a premature setting in
of the frost have baffled the efforts of the navigators.
There may have been vacillation of purpose ;
there may have been involuntary error; such
incidents are almost inseparable from all human
struggle, but it may well be doubted whether, until
the present moment, the utmost amount of energy and
skill would have enabled any officer to follow closely
upon the track of Sir John Franklin and his com-
panions. It should also be remembered, in justice to
the conductors of all previous expeditions, that, al-
though they certainly failed in accomplishing the
direct purpose of their mission, their efforts have not
been without beneficial result. Warned by their
failures, Sir Edward Belcher is enabled to concentrate
his energies upon a single point, end that point the
-one which offers the moat reasona.hle. chances of suc-
cess. The process of examining these regions with
effect is an exhaustive one. Our missing countrymen
may have advanced into the Polar Seas by any one of
four or five routes; but it was difficult—not to say
impossible—to determine a priori in favour of which
route lay the balance of probabilities. We are
now speaking in some measure at our ease—we
are judging calmly after the fact. We now know
that the most reasonable hope of getting on Sir John
'Franklin's track lies in pursuing the route by Wel-
lington Channel; but our knowledge is the result of
experience and the fruit of failure. It should be a
subject of thankfulness to all persons interested in the
fate of Franklin that an unusually " open season" has
favoured the efforts of the present searching expedi-
tion, now that so much of certainty had been obtained.
It is very probable that Sir Edward Belcher is ad-
vancing in the right direction, and it is also probable
that he will be able to advance in that direction with
effect. Such is, in point of fact, the sum and sub-
stance of the intelligence which was brought home
by the Prince Albert searching vessel, and which
was published on Monday last in the columns
of this journal. Very considerable efforts appear
to have been made by Mr. Kennedy—the gen-
tleman under whose directions the search was con-
ducted—and his people to discover any traces of
Franklin's expedition that might yet be forth-
coming, but without effect. Late in June the Prince
Albert searched the ice, and proceeded by Pond's
Bay up Lancaster Sound. When she reached Bar-
row Straits, in the beginning of September, the ice
had already barred the passage. It was determined
to proceed to Port Leopold. At this point Mr. Ken-
nedy and a boat's crew well nigh met with a death
as dreadful as the Polar region could inflict. He had
lauded to make inquiries, but before he could return
on board a barrier of ice was interposed between the
shore and the ship; to crown the misfortune the
Prince Albert was carried away by a current up
Prince Regent's inlet. Fortunately for the bold ad-
venturers Sir John Ross had left a store of provisions
near the point at which they had landed, and so they
were enabled to pass six dreary weeks without un-
dergoing any very intolerable privation. They were
finally relieved from their disagreeable situation by the
efforts of M. Ballot, a French gentleman who accom-
panied the expedition, and succeeded in reaching Batty
Bay, where the ship was housed for the winter.
From this place Mr. Kennedy and M. Bellot, with a
party of fourteen men, set out on sledges, crossed
Melville Bay, and discovered a new channel to the
westward. Six of the party set out to explore the
channel, while the others were sent back to the ship.
It is unnecessary for us very minutely to follow the
enterprising travellers in their perilous journey, as it
may be found detailed at length in the Times of
Monday last. Suffice it to say that their exertions
appear to have been of the most creditable kind, al-
though unfortunately not attended with success. No
new traces were found of Sir John Franklin and
his companions. Without the slightest wish to detract
from the merits of the search, we cannot but feel
that the most important portion of the intelli-
gence brought home by the ship's company of the
Prince Albert is that which informs us of the move-
ments of Sir Edward Belcher and the greater
expedition. We find among the correspondence
which has been received a letter from Captain Pullen
to the Secretary of the Admiralty, written on the 23d
of August. Sir Edward Belcher had started up
Wellington Channel on the 14th of the same month.
Now this is the language of the officer who witnessed
the departure of the expedition, and was acquainted
with the condition of the water at the time in ques-
tion :—" All were in good health and high spirits, and
Itwo
thinking
i tanht
nkh
deie
n,v9gewrt
hihys
icvhnhesortpraenvooti
open,
jestaneu:dc
for
off
nrrs s
af Thisrshoemt
heev thee seneyi asneus
gomncon
ioluf
ltocduao nn
rneßeechy
lpp,
01ept
open,
nWellingtonatnhde n little Ce shoalonurnt
een:
0,
wiociret
httoo
htbehree
ts
eewne ends::: a
arcd, both a
da
ptsaaiinl
ewidieeorl en-
in
the 15th of August—the day after i Sir Edward
Belcher's departure—for Melville Island, to de-
posit there all necessary supplies of provisions,
fuel, and clothing for any parties which might
have been dispatched from the expedition under
Captains Collinson end M'Lure, and have reached
a point so distant from Behring Straits. Captain
Pullen in the North Star was to remain as depot at
Beechy Island. We will not, after so long and so
afflicting a delay, permit ourselves to play upon the
feelings of those who are deeply and directly in-
terested in the fate of Franklin and his companions.
All appears to have been done for their relief, if
they yet survive, that human sagacity could suggest
or human energy carry out. Now or never the seas
of the North Pole will be thoroughly searched, and we
shall know all that can be known with regard to the
fate of our gallant countrymen. It will be an honour
to humanity that a deep sympathy with the suffer-
ings of absent men has roused their country to greater
exertions than scientific curiosity or love of enter-
prise. If ever the problem of a north-western pas-
sage be solved, that solution will have been attained
by Englishmen, not for its own sake, but in order to
relieve a gallant band of their adventurous country-
men from a dreary confinement in the icy regions of
he Polar seas.

IRELAND.
ENCUMBERED ESTATES COMMISSION.
DUBLIN, TUESDAY.-"An extensive sale, by order
of the commissioners, took place in Belfast on Friday
and Saturday, of ground rents arising from several
plots of ground, dwelling-houses, and premises, held
in fee simple, in Belfast, in the matter of the estate
of Mr. Alan Gardner Brown and Mr. Charles
Grainger, owners and petitioners. The entire pro-
perty produces a clear annual income of about
1,8401. 17s. The property was put up in 94 lots, a
tew of which were sold by private contract. The
amount realized by the sale was-by private sale,
2,3501.; by auction, 30,4501.; gross amount, 32,8001.,
for an annual income of 1,9401.175.
THE NAVY PROVISION CONTRACTS.
The Cork Examiner quotes the names of the suc-
cessful contractors for the annual supply of pork and
beef for the use of the Royal navy, together with the
prices accepted, as follows :-
" Allen and Anderson-1,300 tierces of pork, 51. 18s.
10d.; 700, 31. 19s. 4d.; 100, 31. 17s.
" Jones Brothers, London-300 tierces of pork, 51.
175.; 900 barrels of ditto, 31. 193. 11d.; and 600 tierces
(liamborgh cure), 51.55.
"E. M'Swiney, London-100 tierces, 61. 25.; 100
ditto, 51. 17s. 9d.; and 500 barrels, 31. 19s. 2d.
" Allen and Anderson-1,500 tierces (half Irish, half
American), 3/, 19s. 11(1.; end 100 ditto, 31. 163. BJ.
" Jones Brother E-3,000 barrels (llamburgh cure),
31, 12s.
"Sirnnas-1,450 tierceq, 5/. 13s. 61.
"Clare-300 tierces, 51. 11s. 7d.
" Barkwoll-600 tierce*, Si. 63. 6d.; and 450 barrels,
31. 15s. 10d.
" Knowall-400 tierces (liamburgh cure), 51. ss.
" About 1,000 casks of the above beef and pork have
been taken for account of Messrs. P. lidurphy and Son
and S. Clare, of this city."

,lolcvohmenottihvies
f eourse
A PEDESTRIAN CIIEAT.--..A man lately undertook
for a wager to walk from Bristol to Bath in avers short space
oefeftoirmtse.byHcptewtalys,rhignegveure,hdinisdcoavellrye..d aiod
Tra4 tOnti 911 t he. 4' eVaP9litto."•—•,Brutoj

Island (where her commander received the dispatches
of Sir Edward Belcher from which we extract these
particulars) the squadron under the orders of that
po i gallantnt commander
indicated
e t btyhe hadapt
distanceain Penns,
steamede u
nny, up the
had not re-
turned
the channel to the
isshort, and if no such
passage had existed, Sir Edward Belcher, on detect-
ing the mistake, would indubitably have returned to
the rendezvous at Beechy Island. We may take it
for granted, therefore, that the passage does exist,
and that Sir Edward Belcher has entered it. May
we not equally infer that Sir John Franklin did the
same before him ? It is, at least, good for us to
think so, for that is the only hypothesis on which
can be grounded the strong belief still cherished by
many that some at least of that gallant company still
survive to reward the expectation of their anxious
country. In the present seate of geographical science it is
difficult if not impossible to come to any other con-
clusion than that Sir John Franklin—not having
passed down Prince Regent's Inlet, nor weathered
Cape Walker, nor returned home—must have gone
up the Wellington Channel and entered the Queen's
Channel. It is true that adverse winds or currents
may have afterwards driven him to the eastward and
southward of his course, and that his vessels may at
last have foundered in some of the straits which are
supposed to connect those channels with the upper
portion of Baffin's Bay. In that case Sir Edward
Belcher and the ships under his command may fail to
discover the traces of the lost squadron; but the
boats and sledges under the immediate command of
his surgeon, Mr. M'Cormick, may be more fortunate.
That gentleman, a few hours before the departure of
the Prince Albert, had started from Beechy Island in
quest of a passage from Wellington Channel into
Baffin's Bay. The strange tale of the cairn of stones
and the bivouac seen on the shores of Jones's Sound by
the crew of a passing cvnrer will, at all events, be now
cleared up by' Mr. M'Cormick. Some surprise has
very naturally been excited by the absence of all de-
finite memorials of Sir John Franklin's intended
route. It is hard to account for the omission; but
so it is, that not a document was left by our unfortu-
nate countrymen at any one of the stations which have
been visited, by which their future course could be
even guessed at. But it is scarcely less extraordinary
that there should have been nothing in Sir John
Franklin's instructions—minute as they were—to
lead him to suppose that such was the pleasure of the
Admiralty. He is directed " frequently to throw
overboard a bottle or cylinder," for the purpose of
ascertaining the currents of the Arctic Ocean ; but,
of leaving landmarks, or dispatches, or any other in-
dications of his route for the information of those
who might come after him, not one syllable is said.
Nevertheless this neglect on his part, in a matter
where he is not bound to await instructions, is as
unaccountable as its consequences have been un-
fortunate. Shall we conclude without drawing public
attention to a matter in which the honour of a great
and generous nation is deeply concerned ? Services
the most important have been rendered by Lady
Franklin to the cause of humanity. Her private
fortune has been expended in their accomplishment.
The Prince Albert, which for the second time, anti-
cipating all other means of communication at the dis-
posal of the Government, has conveyed to the Admi•
ralty the tidings of its own commander's discoveries,
and of the progress of those of the squadron actually
engaged in the Artic Seas, is nevertheless a mere
merchant ship—purchased, equipped, and manned as
such at the expense of Lady Franklin. Is it credit-
able to this nation that it should allow such sacri-
fices to be made for an object which concerns not
alone the sorrowing family of Sir John Franklin,
but also hundreds more, and, above all, the country
which they have served, and in serving which they are
perishing, or have perished? Parliament should see
to this.

(From the .Herald.)
The safe return of Lady Franklin's private expe,
dition with the glorious news of open water up the
Wellington Channel, which was supposed by some to
be for ever blocked with a barrier of ice, is a matter
of no small moment to those who are deeply inte-
rested in the subject, and to Captain Penny it must
indeed be a source of the highest satisfaction. It
will be remembered that it was his " conviction that
Sir John Franklin bad gone through the strait
leading north-west out of Wellington Channel (which
for the present he bad named Queen Victoria Chan-
nel), and that he bad gone off in clear water, and was
beyond their reach."
That this will now prove to be the case there seems
to be a most reasonable prospect, as Sir Edward
Belcher and that gallant young officer Lieut. Sherard
Osborne have proceeded in " clear water" into the
Queen's Channel, wish the Assistance and Pioneer steam
tenders. That they may have passed out of the Queen's
Channel, and through Penny Strait, to the north-
westward, is more than probable. If so, we may
fairly hope that before they house in for the winter,
they will have come upon the second winter-quarters
of Sir John Franklin. Mr. Kennedy's voyage is alto-
gether so remarkable that it will take its place
amongst the foremost of any. A solitary little vessel,
of some 90 tons, manned by a few gallant men,
dauntlessly proceeds to brave all the dangers of a
frozen sea, trusting to the guiding hand of Providence
to protect them on their mission of humanity. Alone
in that vast solitude of eternal ice and snow no fears
disturb them—no dangers appal. The mazy laby-
rinth of ice is threaded with the utmost patience and
indomitable perseverance till the vessel gets into the
open water of Barrow's Straits, and happily finds
a secure harbour in Prince Regent's Inlet
to pass the winter, now rapidly coming in upon
them. Preparations are at once commenced to
search for our missing countrymen. The noble John
Hepburn and Captain Leask are left in charge of the
ship, and, for the first time in the annals of Arctic
history, a journey, unexampled in every respect, is
commenced in the depths of winter to explore an
unknown portion of the Polar regions. These brave
men, guided by their brave leader, Mr. Kennedy,
and his no less brave companion, M. Bellot, of whom
Mr. Kennedy says, in his dispatch, " he cannot find
words to express his admiration," are absent from
their ship for aye months, sleeping in snow huts, fre-
quently confined to them for days together by stress
of weather, and travelling at night over the dreary
wilderness of snow by aid of moonlight, and eating
snow and ice in the morning as a substitute for cocoa
or tea! having little or no fuel ; yet all undergone
with the utmost cheerfulness. The noble conduct of
M. Ballot, a young French officer, in going out in
this little craft, from the purest and loftiest motives,
will, we are sure, meet with the universal admiration
of our countrymen ; and we trust that the Minister of
Marine will in some way mark his approbation of his
heroic conduct, remembering that, although in a
foreign service, on such an occasion as this—
" One touch of Nature makes all kin alike."
We cannot expect to bear any further tidings from
Sir Edward Belcher's squadron till this time nex,t
year, unless, indeed, his passage through the Queen
Channel and Penny Strait was unobstructed, andaces o hef
should have come upon further important Cranes
such moment as to induce him to detach a party to
the North Star, and thus, with the Mary yacht, to
endeavour to communicate with the whalers in the
west waters. This is only an idea which occurs to
U 3 as just possible, and no more. Our new Arctic
news will probably be from Behring Straits in
December, when the frigate whichnotice hge up with
turned with dispatches;
intelligence we may hope to receive from Captain
Maguire and from Captain Moore (who is coming
we anxiously await the
as we
swoemhe
supplies for the Plover m ande expeasctedon to have
doubt Captain Captain Collin-
son his proceedings at
Point Barrow, which we hope will have been visited
the I this summer.
home
w ibl yl
haveh e r)
left

(From the Daily News.)
The expeditions to the icy North have thrown no
light upon the fate of the gallant seamen who sailed
with Sir John Franklin in the Erebus and Terror.
Those who have watched from time to time the re-
sults obtained by each successive navigator who has
gone on the search must have noted that the only au-
thentic and undoubted information which has been
gleaned is that which Captain Austin, R.N., and
Captain Penny obtained in the autumn of 1850, at
Cape Riley and the neighbouring points of the coast
of 'Wellington Channel. It was ascertained that Sir
John Franklin passed on those shores the first winter
of his hazardous enterprise—that during that winter
only two deaths occurred amongst the companies of
his two vessels, and that in the ensuing spring
it
squadron again set sail, without leaving behind TUE MARVELS OF SCIENCE, AND; THEIR TEsTI-
MOWY TO HOLY WRIT. 1 Vol.—This popular manual of
the knowledge we possess. Yet,
emallbastsacleis ;bout the sciences, from the pen of S. W. Fullom, Esq., which :1.1:s
highly probable that if the unhappy pears under the auspices of the King of Hanover, is rt•n.
otte which at l st
any indication of its course. This is the suthm.sTailt 7:
professsional jealousies and naval etique _ , a characterised by the Globe:—"The book has or
°L 1
nom and that of geology were not
formidable at an earlier portion of ar
atd the field of as rfoor
the most.
favourableuld seek
Sir H. Austin nor ourselves would now have even
obstructed Captain Penny's exertion shhisadcabreeeenr:enqeuitahlleyr uy sant
ea
dl . e l
Itoq ue
wouldnc e,
aapnpde a
of. All beyond the production of such testimonies as the writer would
ent of these two
that modicum of knowledge to boast . to elicit; the skill displayed in the treatment
As to `the
Yet we are not without some
is left to conjecture.
Ye
rob able. Subsequent sciences is not the least marvel in thou olume.
' ' the race of man,'
clue to make conjecture pro a e. re- world of plants,' 'the animal king of
the reasonings our author are
searches—and for these we must not forget that the and `the n
.c. frraemssee,',_
d end calculated to make a deep
country is indebted to e energy and unfailing forcible,inaression fluently e p ifietrisetesiguhntiftohramtly correct and
te e...
Genuine service has beenic done
it
so the cause of
bounty of Lady Franklin—have ascertained almostmore than a
Revelationp by the issue of such actbioono.„. which
beyond the possibility, ofdoubt that Sir literary triumph. It
is
a good
action.
beyond this week
John Franklin s squadron, on leaving their The accounts from New
terattenti embrace
winter quarters, did not pass either to the few points of commercialinteresre,
p sidentiar conteeisntg greatly
southward or westward of Barrow's Straits. The absorbed in the approachingeirathei easier terms, and the stock-
pioey in n e Albert, a little vessel of some 80 tons, twice was obtainabslteeaup.
dk. The preparations for the expedition to
equipped by her Ladyship for the enterprise, has now market an had ashwadbeen actively resumed, and it was to consist of
returned from her second voyage, after passing up- jthaep three large war-steamers Mississippi, Princeton, and Al-
wards of a twelvemonth in the Arctic circle. The re- le hang The immigration returns up to the end of Septem-
sults of the labours of her indefatigable commander, her of th e
v pTlse sheandt y.eea n
bn r
`2(6)917660mbue
trerinarkable results. Then
Mr. Kennedy, in that perilous investigation, were yes- total ay
g nativesia of Ireland, as
has
alwaysst ehaedr e
teoffot
rhee mb
eaejno rtiht ye
terday communicated to the public. it is now perfectly case, the largest number were from Germany, the total from
clear that even if Sir John John Franklin and the lost that country being 92,686, while from Ireland it was 88,664,
ships reached Cape Walker, they never got beyond it. and from all other countries 45,626.
Captain Penny's discoveries have made it tolerably
4 TUE HUNTING SEASON.—The sporting world will
clear, that northward and north-west of the Wel- be glad to learn that foxes are generally plentiful in this and
lington Channel there exists a passage open when thoeodneighbouring counties, and especially in the neighbour-
Barrow's Straits are closed, leading into a c.limate
hounds werexcubd..b
cub-hunting
atS aikrurtdha-m,
y 1 wonhitlhee ter lof Berkshire
-
comparatively temperate, and fitted for the habitation
don's estate, several of the persons on' foot viewed as many
of man, and extending probably to the eastern shores as seven foxes.
In Lord Redesdales and Mr. Drake's coup-
of northern Asia. it further appears, that some five ties it is alto
stated that foxes are numerous...-,73erkshire
days before the Arrival of the rillloo Albert A )3eecbY Chronicle,