The Sun.
London, England, 1864-06-25 00:00:00

COURT OF ALDERME IV.

A Court of Aldermen was held yesterday at Guildhall—
Mr Alderman Finnis in the chair.
Mr Alderman STONE brought forward a motion, with the
view of still rendering some of the regulations which had
been recently rejected by Sir G. Grey, the Home Secretary,
available for facilitating the traffic of the city under the
provisions of the act of last year. He sought to show, in the
first place, that so far from there having been any delay or
timidity on the part of the Court of Aldermen in putting
the act into operation, the contrary was the case; and that
they had endeavoured for the last six months to obtain the
opinion of the Home Secretary as to the code of bye-laws,
which they had carefully framed under the powers confer•
red upon them by the statute. Referring to the correspond-
ence which had passed between Sir G. Grey and the corpo-
ration on the subject of the proposed bye-laws, Mr Wad-
dington,
under date of Jan. 28, said the Home Secretary
had felt great doubt whether the Court of Aldermen, in
framing the regulations which they had submitted to him,
had kept strictly within their power of making bye-laws
conferred by the act. Ho referred, for example, to a few
instances only. Bye-law No. 2, he said, prohibited during
certain hours any vehicle drawn by more than four horses
in the streets, that was in all streets without any restriction
or limitation. By bye law 6 delivery of coals, beer, wine,
or other liquid in casks was prohibited in certain hours in
certain streets. By bye-law 12 the sale of a variety of
articles carried upon vehicles was forbidden in certain
streets; and by bye law 15 the court not only appointed
standings for shoeblacks, but delegated its authority in
that respect to the Commissioner of City police. Sir George
Grey could not find that any express or implied power
was conferred by the late act which authorised those regu-
lations, and he therefore asked whether they had been
submitted to the legal advisors of the corporation. Tha
Recorder and Common Sergeant, in a case which was
afterwards submitted to them, gave it as their opinion that
the bye. laws which had been framed by the Court of Alder-
men were within the power conferred upon the corpora-
ti m by the Act, with the exception of the proviso to the
15th, which in future authorised the commissioner of City
p lice to appoint and alter standings for shoeblacks. The
whole question, with the opinion of the law officers of the

corporation, was e,ulistfouentiv leere-^
xseuerat ana me Solicitor General for their opinion, and
they expressed their regret that they could not agree with
the Recorder and Common Sergeant. "Of the bye-laws in
question," they added, " the Ist, 4th, sth, 16th, and part of
the 15th (down to the proviso) are clearly conformable to
the act, and may be enforced by the penalties therein pro-
vided, but the rest of the bye-laws, however proper and
expedient such regulations may be in themselves, seem to
us to be beyond the scope of the authority given by the act,
and therefore not liable to be enforced by its penalties.''
They went on to say, "It seems to us that the words ' such
streets' properly mean only those streets or parts of streets,
which by any bye-laws or regulations to be made under the
act may be ordered to be used by omnibuses, &c., and other
public conveyances for passengers." Taking, therefore, the
interpretation of the act by the law officers of the crown to
be correct, it followed that if the Court of Aldermen might
make bye-laws regulating the routes of omnibuses and other
passenger vehicles through the streets of the City, they
would be enabled by the same clause to make such regula-
tions in other respects for facilitating the traffic as they
might deem it necessary, provided they confined them solely
to the streets in which they controlled the direction of omni-
buses and other passenger conveyances, That being so, the
act might yet be brought substantially into operation, for
their powers to regulate the course of omnibuses extended
to all the main thoroughfares, He therefore moved a reso-
lution to the effect that the Court of Aldermen deemed
it highly desirable that every reasonable endeavour
should be made to carry into effect as far as
possible the provisions of the City Traffic Regula-
tion Act of 185'5, in addition to the bye-laws already
passed ; and that it be referred to the general purposes
committee to further consider the subject, to consult the
law officers for the purpose of framing such other modified
regulations as might appear sufficient to meet the objec-
tions, and to obtain the requisite sanction of the Secretary
of State,

The motion was seconded by Mr Alderman LUSK, and
carried unanimously.

On the bringing up of a report relating to the new City
Lunatic Asylum at Dartford,

Mr Alderman Lusi complained of tho tardy completion
of the building and the delay in removing the pauper
lunatics to it.

The CHAIMINN explained that until the asylum was
finished it could not be handed over to the care of the
magistrates.

The Court then adjourned.

MARKETS--This Day,

COVENT GARDEN,

Our market is seasonably well suppliEd with fruit and
vegetables. Most descriptions of produce command a steady
sale, at the annEx.ed rates.

FRUIT.
S. d. s. 6.!
Pine apples 6 oto 8 0
Colonial do., each 0 oto 0 6
Grapes,per lb 4 0 to 10 0
Foreign do 0 oto 0 01
Melons....
Nectarines, per dz 0 oto 0 0
Apples, per hf-sv. 3 oto 6 0
Pears, per do
Oranges, per 100 5 oto 12 0
Lemons, per 100 4 oto 8 0
Gooseberries hf svet oto 3 0
Strawberries pr pt 0 6to 1 0

s. d. s d
Mulberries,prpt..o 0 to- 0 0
Cherries, per lb. 0 4to 1 0
Foreign ditto, punt) oto 0 0
Filberts, per lb 0 oto 0
Walnuts, per 100 0 oto 0 0
Cobnuts, per lb 0 oto 0 0
Almonds, per bus 0 oto 0 0
Figs, per 10z 0 oto 0 0
Peaches.. •
Currants, per h.sv 0 oto 0 0
Plums, per do. „ 0 oto 0 0
G reeng ages, pr do. 0 oto 0 0

VEGETABLES.
Greens, dz bunch 2 6to 2 9 Shallots, per lb .. 0 oto 0 0
Cabbages, pr doz 0 9to 1 3' Horseradish, pdo 1 oto 2 6
IPici ditto
0 oto 0 0 Parsley, p3r ditto 0 oto 0 0
_
Savoy do., pr dz. 0 oto 0 0 ; Celery, per ditto. 0 oto 0 0
Cauliflowers, pdz 1 cto 3 0 I Beet, per doz. • • 0 oto 0 0
Pottoes,
Broacoli sprouts
per ton 50 0 to 60 0 i Small salac. p. Pri,
New ditto, pr lb 6 otolo 0 ! Mushrooms, p pt. 0 oto 0 0
Turnips, dz bunch 3 oto 4 0 Artichokes, each ° oto 0 0
Carrots,pr do 4 6to 5 0 ) Cos lett, score .. 0 Bto 1 3
Cucumbers • 03to 1 6 ' Mint and saory..o oto 0 0
Garlic, per lb
Sorrel, per sieve 0 oto 0 0 ; Radishes, dzhnds 0 oto 0 0
0 oto o 9
to 1 6 , Rhubarb, per6'
bun 0 2 to 0 4
Spinach 0 oto 0
Brussels sprouts 0 oto 0 0 Se kale, ' bun. 0
0 Aspara,us pr do. 2 6 to 4 0
e, per _ _0 to 0

POULTRY. 0
Turkeys, Os Od to Os Cd ; 5s Od to is Od each
goslings, 4s Gd to 6s ; ducks 2s Od- to 3s 6d ; ducklings:
to Os —d ; pigeons, Os 4d to Os 7d each;
2s Od to 3s Gd; rabbits, 13 Oct 'to is 4d each; wild do"
14s Od to ISs Oct; chickens, 8s Od to 9s Od ; barn door fowls,
4s Od to 7s Od ; capons, Os Od ; hares, Os Od to Os ;
ptarmigan, Os Od to Os Od each •
; pleas nos, Os to Os Od ;
partridges, Os to Os Od ; woodcocks POs to Os Od ; snipes, Oct
to Os Od; teal, Os Oct to Os Od ; wild" ducks, Os Od to Os Od ;
widgeons, Os Od to Os Od ; plovers, Os Od to Od each ;
guinea fowls, Os Od to Os Od ; roastino• Surrey fowls,
pigs, Os Od to Os Oct
each ; Ostend fresh butter, 10d to Os -11-d ; English, Os lld
to is Od per lb ; English eggs, 78 od to os od ; Fron.ch do.,
5s Gd to Gs Od per 100 ; loverets, 2s Od to 4.3 Od ; grouse, Os
Oct to Os Od.

BILLING S GATE.
Salmon, is 4d to is &l; trout, Od to Os : eels, 5d to 10d ;
prawns, Os; pike, skate, sturgeon and halibut, 6d per
lb ; turbots, 3s Od to 12s ; cod, Os Od
to Os Od • brills, 2s Od
to Gs Od ; dorevs, 28 Od to 2s 6d
; mullets, Os 6d to is 6d ;
lobsters, is to 3s Od; crabs, 6d to 2s 6cl plaice and gurnets,
Od to Os Od each; soles, 3d to 33 Od per pair; common
oysters, lOs to 20s ; natives, Gls to 70s per bush. ; whitings,
4s Od to 8s; haddocks, 6s to 12s ; smelts, Os Od to Os Od;
flounders, Os Od per dozen; mackerel, 40s per 100 ; fresh
herrings, 7s to Ss per 100; bloaters, Os to Os per 100;
carp and touch, Os Od to Os per brace.

WHITECIT.,tpEL.
Beef, from 2s 10d to 4s 2d; mutton, 3s 63 to 41 8d;
lamb, 5s Od to 68 Od ; veal, 3s 10d to 43 Bd% and pork, 3s 4d
to 4s 6d per Sibs by the carcase.

NEWPORT.
Beef, from 2s 10d to 4s 2d ; mutton, 3s Scl to 4s 8d ;
lamb, 53 Od to Cs Od; veal, 33 10d to 48 scl; and pork, 38
4d to 43 Od per Slbs, by the carcase.
BREAD.

The prices of wheaten bread in the metropolis are from
61d to 7d, of household do., 5d to 6d per 41b loaf.
HIDES AND SKINS.
Market hides, 561 b to 641 b, 21d to 3d ; 641 b to 721 b, 3d
to 31d ; 721 b to 801 b, 3d to 4d ; 801 b to 881 b, 31d to 41d
881 b to 961 b, 4d to 41d; 961 b to 1041 b, --d to Od ; 10416 to
1121b,—d to —d. Horse hides, lOs Od to 12s Od ; calf skins,
Od to Os Od ; half.breds, —s Oda o —s
Ind' Downs —s Od to
—s Od; lambs, 2s 9d to 4s 9d; sheallgs
light, 2s Od to 4s ; full, 8 to Os Od ; polled sheep, 8s
, 2s 2d 'to 2s 4d.

HAY DIARK2TS.
and straw, 4s to ;fa lOs per load.
SMITHFIELD.—Meadow hay, ..-C£22lsissstot: 4£140:008d;;eclloovveerr;
.€4l Os to £5 10a Od; and straw, £1 is to £1 10s per load.
Trade inactive.
£4Cousmtno-E2sLAirrosD.o—ci
A slow sale.
WnrrEctiArzr, _Meadow hay, £2lsa to £4108; clover,
£4 Os to £5 lOs Od ; £1 43 to £1 10s per load,
Trade dull, gad straw,

Mr William Miller was yesterday appointed
chief cashier of the BAnk of England, in the place
of Mr Matthew Marshall, who recently resigned. Mr
Miller has been employed in the Bank daring a period of
31 years, and has occupied the position of deputy cashier
since 1553. Mr George Forbes, the
second assistant
cashier, has been promoted to the
post of deputy cashier.
REFORM MEETING AT NEWARK,_
On Monday
evening a public meeting on the subject of Parlia-
mentary reform was held in the Corn Exchange, Newark—
Mr Finder, sen., in the chair. Mr John Glover moved,
and Mr. Godley seconded, the following resolution :—" That
the eminent services rendered to this country by the Right
Hon. William Ewart Gladstone entitle him to the esteem of
his fellow-countrymen ; that as a statesman who has proved
himself as conscientious as he is patriotic, as cautious as he
is earnest, and as successful in measures as he is manly and
eloquent in defending them, he has the entire confidence of
the working classes; that whilst acknowledging the many
benefits ho has conferred upon the community, this meet-
ing of the non-electors of the borough of Newark desires
especially to record its thankfulness to the right hon. gen-
tleman for his recent speech on the subject of reform." Mr.
Earp, in supporting the resolution in an able speech, alluded
to 'Nix Gladstone's former connection with Newark. On the
motion of Mr Johnstone, seconded by Mr Gabbitas, thanks
were passed to the members cf the borough for their eon-
, sistent support of reform.

The Danish Blockade.

(From the Supplement to lie _London Gazette of yesterday.)

FOREIGN OFFICE, JUNE 24.

The following note has been received by Earl
Russell, her Majesty's principal Secretary of State
for Foreign Affairs, from the Danish Minister at this
Court :

"Legation of Denmark, June 24.

"My Lord,—By your Excellency's note of June
14, I was requested to give information as to
whether, in the event of hostilities being renewed
on the 26th inst., and a blockade of German ports
by Danish ships of war re-established, due notice
cf such blockade would be given, and due time
afforded to British merchant vessels to leave the
ports proposed to be blockaded. I did not fail to
submit at once your lordship's note to my Govern-
ment, and I have now the honour to state in reply
that if hostilities should be renewed on the 26th
the blockade of the ports of Cammin, Swinemunde,
Wolgast, Greifswalde, Stralsund, Birth, Dantsic,
and Pillau in the Baltic, as well as the blockade of
the ports and inlets in the Duchies of Schleswig
and Holstein, which was raised on the 12th of May,
in conformity with the stipulations of the suspension
of hostilities, will immediately be re-established;
that neutral ships which, after the renewal of the
war, might attempt to enter any of the blockaded
ports, would not, however, be subject to capture
unless where previous notice of the re-establishment
of the blockade had been received by them, either
in the ordinary way or through the ships of the
blockading squadron itself; and that a short but
sufficient space of time would be accorded for leaving
the blockaded ports to those neutral ships which,
atthe time of the re-establishment of the blockade,
might be in those ports.

" I have, 8:2.,

The Roypi RoxrPraisr,

T. BILLET'

The turret ship Royal Sovereign, manned with a
crew from the Steam Reserve at Portsmouth, and
under the command of Capt. H. Caldwell, C. 8., left
that harbour yesterday morning for Spithead to
more fully test her powers of circling under full
boiler power with the use of the pilot house wheel
(the only wheel she would steer with when under
fire), and also to test the steam capstans with whieh
she is fitted below in weighing anchor by steam, and
also by manual labour in the ordinary method with
capstan bars, and her fittings on deck for catting
and fishing her anchor, &a. The two experimental
circles were first made with the pilot house wheel,
the first being made to starboard, with 12 men at
the wheel, and the rudder hove over to an angle of
241 deg. in 59 sec. The half circle was made in 3
min 5 sec, and completed to the full circle in 6 min
49 sec. The second circle was made to port, and the
rudder was hove over to en angle of 214 deg (12
men at the wheel as before), in 1 min. 10 sec. The
half circle was made in 3 min. 1 sec., and the full
circle completed in 5 min. 54 sec. In the first circle
the wheel had 61 turns, and in the second 7 turns.
The diameter of the circles was apparently about
three times the vessel's length. The ship was next
placed in the channel between the Noman and Dean
shoals, and, stern way having been got on her, her
starboard bower anchor was let go in 17 fathoms,
and the cable veered to the fourth shackle et the
hawse-pipe. The chain was then unbitted and
brought to the steam capstan (Brown and Harfield's
patent) on the 'tween decks, and the anchor hove up
again. The object of doing this was, on the part of
the officials from the dockyard, merely to twit offi-
cially the powers of the steam capstan, but to Capt.
Coles, who was present, and to Capt. Cardwell it
proved the power of the Royal Sovereign to weigh her
anchors under circumstances where most other ships
would be obliged to slip them. She might bo lying at
anchor in a river and be suddenly attacked by other
vessels or a boat flotilla, and unable to show a man
on deck, or she might have to defend herself and
get her anchor with her crew weakened by the
absence of men in boats or by sickness, and in this
case a very few men could, with the aid of the steam
capstan, run the anchor up to the bows, while the
remainder could work the guns in the turrets, and
not a man need show himself to the enemy. The
port anchor was afterwards let go, and weighed
again in the ordinary manner with capstan bar 3 by
the crew, exhibiting, however, very clearly the
superiority of steam power for the purpose, A
fear had been expressed that the shackles would
not pass round the capstan so securely as the links
of the cable, and, to test them fully in the manner,
they were passed round both vertically and hori-
zon taliy. They " bit" well in both positions, but
it required care to deliver the chain safely off
the capstan and round the rollers. The cat and
fish gear for securing the anchors, novel of their
kind, like all the other deck fittings of the ship,were
next tested in their turn, and it was found that,
with a few slight modifications, they will answer
their purpose admirably. This concluded the day's
tests, and the Royal Sovereign steamed in through
Spithead and the Channel fleet, and returned to her
berth alongside the dockyard about 5 p.m. The
steering gear fitted to the pilot-house has a lead of
four-fifths the length of the ship to the rudder•head
aft, and under such circumstances neither ropes nor
chains fitted in the ordinary way cpuld convey the
whole of the work of the wheel to the rudder. To
meet adequately a contingency of this kind, the
ship's pilot-house wheel is connected with the
rudder by metal bars forward and a disc aft, the
result being tiAat there is no " give" of rope or
chain, while the die e: imparts the full amount of the
force created by the wheel to the head of the rudder.
We understand this is an improvement on a plan
somewhat similar to the one fitted on board the
mail steamer Adriatic by one of the shipwright
officers of Portsmouth Dockyard.

Confederate View of the Americau

Campaighe

(From t 7 _lndex.)

There seems to be very little doubt that General
Grant has made up his mind to adopt another line
of advance upon Richmond, and that the next mail
will bring us the intelligence of a still closer imita-
tion of 111'CleIlan's strategy, and another change of
base, defeated at Spottsylvania, foiled at Saxton's
Junction, defeated again on the Chickahominy, the
Federal commander has evidently resolved upon
trying a new point in the Confederate armies; and
everything tends to prove that his next move will
be towards the James River. General :\PC:ellan
perseveringly maintained that the James River
route was the real road to Richmond, though it is
only fair to say that he never proved its advantages,
and only discovered them when every other route
had failed, and when it was too late to try
the new one. General Grant has trodden
so closely in his footsteps that it is per-
fectly natural he should try his predecessor's
" forlorn hope," and to the last moment delude
the North into the belief that he is bent upon
marching into Richmond. At the same time, there
is a suggestive weakness in this change of base
which implies far more anxiety about a safe retreat
than an easy advance, and we shall begin to think,
when once Grant's march across the Chickahominy
to the James River is announced, that the end of
the campaign is not very distant. We are, of course,
very much in the dark as to the result of the recent
operations on the north bank of the Chickahominy.
All Southern reports are carefully excluded from
Northern newspapers. The correspondence from
the army is carefully edited by Mr Stanton's sub-
ordinates. Federal victories are magnified, Federal
reverses are dwarfed, and everything is narrated
in the tone most calculated to help Mr Lincoln's
chances of the Presidential election. Take the
battle of the 31 instant. It is now admitted that
a general action was fought on that day—that
the Federals attacked Lee's lines with their whole
force, and were repulsed with frightful loss. It is
even asserted that at one moment they held the key
of the position, but that Grant, unwilling to reap a
victory which would cost him a great loss of life,
withdrew after three hours' engagement and the
loss of 7,000 men. Yet that action was described
in a previous mail as a mere reconnaissance in force,
which cost two or three colonels and "loss not very
severe," although it really amounted to a defeated
attempt to force Lee's lines and drive his whole
army into Richmond. It is difficult, then, to guess
what confidence is to be placed in the reports of
the New York papers or in Mr. Stanton's despatches,
but if we take their own accounts, and draw our
opinions from them, we shall probably not be far
wrong in deciding that the battle of the 3d was
conclusive as to the campaign on the Chickahominy,
and rendered Grant's change of base an actual ne-
cessity.
The question arises for what point Grant will
make. He is, as usual, moving by his left, and is
reported to have reached Despatch Station on the
Chickahominy. This would seem to imply an in•
tention of taking up a position somewhat nearer to
Richmond than Harrison's Landing,and in advance
of Butler's lines. But we are inclined to believe
that if Grant does make for the James River, his
line of march will be nearly identical with the route
adopted by M'Clellan. In that case he will have
arrived on the north bank of the James River almost
on the same day of the year as his predecessor, and
his army will be subjected to precisely the same
malarious influences which decimated M'Clellan's
forces. Bad water, marsh miasmata, and a Vir-
ginian July sun would speedily dispose of his army
without the necessity of a blow from Lee. But
M'Clellan's army, even after the 7 days' fighting,was
formidable. Lee's forces, although victorious, had
suffered heavily, and were not in a condition
to follow up their victory. Things are different
now. Every week adds to Lee's strength. Rich-
mond is secured against a coup de main ; and, since
the advance upon R;chmond is restricted to a single
route, Lee can aff...rd to trust very much to the de

fences of the Southern capital, and make use of his
available forces for a' ow that would speedily com-
pel Lincoln to think more of defending Washing-
ton than of taking Richmond. As it is, there is
nothing to prevent a Confederate force marching to
the Potomac. Confederate guerillas are virtually
in possession of the country from Arlington Heights
to the northern line of Richmond. If Lee can spare
the men, he has already an opportunity of dealing
a blow which will be as useful for the defence
of Richmond as another successful repulse of
Grant's army. But it is said to be the Federal
General's p:an to establish himself on both
banks of the James River, to advance, Ala
Halleck, a mile a week, by the aid of the spade;
and by means of his superiority of cavalry to cut
the communications of Richmond, and compel Lee
to evacuate Richmond without risking the failure
of an assault. Really there is no end to the inge-
nuity of Federals strategists. The attack, which
began on the north side of Richmond, is now to be
transferred to the south side. The route which was
so obviously the only safe advance to Richmond is
to be abandoned, and a new line immeasurably
superior is to be adopted ; and all the time the
Northern press is in ecstasies over the generalship
of Grant, and implicitly believes that Richmond
will fall, like Jericho, at the blast of a trumpet, so
soon as Grant arrives before the walls. For our
own part, we are of opinion that the further Grant
moves to the south, the more feeble must be his
hope of reaching Richmond; that every mile he
places between his army and Washington is a gain
to the Confederates; and that we shall soon hear
of combinations of the Confederate troops which
will effectually relieve Richmond for many months
to come.

Sherman's prospects are not more favourable
than those of the army in Virginia. In Georgia,
also, the Federal army has suffered defeat and loss.
In two battles the Confederates have taken the
initiative. In one the Federals claim a victory, in
the other they acknowledge a defeat. A frightful
list of killed and wounded and sick has been sent
northwards. Southern reports already place at
45,000 the casualties in Sherman's army from one
cause or another. And we learn from Northern
sources that the advance has ceased; that Johnston,
reinforced by Polk and Finnegan, hes turned to
bay; that the news of the capture of Marietta is
false; and that before Sherman can hope to settle
doNin to the siege of Atalanta, he has
got to
fl ~he an army of 600,000 men, commanded
by one of the best officers in the Confede-
rate army occupying an immensely strong posi-
tion. From Chattanooga to Ackwcrth the distance
is 120 miles. A single line of railway is all Sher-
man has to depend on for his supplies ; and Forrest,
with a large cavalry force, is said to be making for
his communications. It is contrary to all experi-
ence that Sherman's army should succeed, and we
believe a very short time will elapse before Sher-
man repeats the retrograde movement he made in
the spring in
the State of Mississippi. In the mean-
time the Confederates are astir in Kontucky ; they
are threatening, Cincinnati—they have destroyed
four gunboats and several transports on the Missis-
sippi, and they are gradually acquiring quite a
respectable fleet by captures in Southern waters.
The Federals have sacrificed everything for the
capture of Richmond and Atalanta. At present
they have achieved no success to compensate them
for the territory they have abandoned and the losses
they have endured.

DANGEROUS CONDITION OF HEENAN.—Among
the most serious sufferers from the recent railway
accident at Egham is John C. Heenan, the:Benicia Boy. It
appears that Heenan looked from his carriage •window when
the first alarm was given, and finding a collision inevitable,
jumped on to the platform as the train was moving, and
falling heavily, injured his spine so severely that he has
suffered from a continuous succession of fits ever since. His
own doctor (Mr Clark) and the ccmpany 's surgeon (Dr.
Solly) have been in constant attendance upon him since the
accident, and from 8 o'clock on Sunday night until S o'clock
on Monday night he was never left by his medical men, as
he no sooner recovered from one fit than a more violent one
succeeded. Heenan, according to the latest inquiries, was
better, but is at present confined to his bed. Poor Ihenan
has been most unfortunate since Lis arrival in this country,
and this lost disaster is the crowning miafo:tune of his
English cater.