The Sun.
London, England, 1864-12-06 00:00:00

Great Burglary in Lombard-street.

Yesterday a discovery was made of a robbery of
bullion, bills of exchange, foreign notes, and other
valuable securities, to a largo amount in the
whole, which is supposed to have been effected
some time during Saturday or Sunday night, on
the premises of Messrs. Baum, Sons, and
Co„ long established in Lombardestrect as bullion
dealers and moneychangers. The manner in which
the burglary appears to have been effected, and
many of the attendant circumstances, are mysteri-
ous, and for the present bale all the more experi-
enced of the City police. The premises of Messrs
Baum are situated a few paces on the further side
of Birchinelane, going eastward from the Mansion-
house, and on the northern side of Lombard-street.
They are upon the ground floor, with cellars below,
and the rest of the house, which is very large and
lofty, is let out as offices to merchants and others.
At night the whole house is in the charge of a re-
spectable elderly woman, the widow of a sergeant
and with her a niece and
ohferpohluicsebaansdhroeussiekdee,etPr,hee three occupying the top-
slitadioroases at nights, and is an-
g
omfostthestporiyas.ageAs
and
dtc has the run of the whole
oustomed to bark on the slightest unusual noise.
He was found yesterday morning with a strap,
which had been used in tying up some of the mecu•
rities that had been stolen, hanging loosely round
his neck, but lie was still going at large about the
house, and the circumstance of the strap, inexplic.
able iteelf, unless used in restraining the animal,
which would only have made him the more noisy,
is one of the mysterious incidents connected with
the robbery. Messrs Baum closed their premises
for the night on Saturday evening about 9 o'clock.
They bad then in gold in an iron safe, securely
locked to all appearance, and iteelf enclosed in a
strong room equilly well secured, 62 Spanish and
ono Isabelle. 37M eagles (American), 481
guineee, 7 Louis-d'or, 2442' napoleons, 7ez. of ster-
ling gold, 40z. of ancient gold, and 2oz. of melting
gold. Of notes they bud £7l Irish ; £4B Scotch ;
2,678 French; 120 Belgian; 2,617 thalers ; 1,802
Russian roubles ; 1,745 florins (Dutch); 760
florins (German) ; 225 Austrian ; two five-
pound notes of the Leeds Banking; ;
1:365 inPitiatraliaiil3ote4 ; 46j roper notes; 99 Cs.
!radian dollar notes, 37 American : £1 Nova Scotia,
100 Spanish dollar notes, £5 in Guernsey notes, and
six Baden bonds of 35 florins. They had likewise
certificates for shares in the Thames and Mersey
Marine Company, the Alliance Bank, the Mariquita
Mining Company, and the Austrian Now Loan, two
Dutch and three Russian bonds, two Lombardo-
Venetian bonds, one Portuguese bond, 57 gold and
37 silver watches, numbers of every description of
foreign silver coins, and many bills of exchange.
Yesterday morning, about 9 o'clock, one of the part-
ners in the firm opened the premises, and shortly
afterwards went to the strong-room, accompanied by
a boy with a lighted candle. The room is guarded
by double doors with formidable locks, On Bpply-
ing his key to the lock of the outer door he found
that the ecutcheon had been torn off and the lock
itself had been tampered with. Looking round a
corner of the room he discovered that a hole about
1810. square,
ordinary size, had been out through the solid brickand large enough to admit a boy of
work, and an entrance thus made into the room.
The iron safe
nner door of the room had been wrenched off, empty
was open, three of the locks of the

cashboxes were streiron safe appeared tw
n there about,
was
disorder in other The way in which the
have
been
dotpheen pull a ce
wasw wasmost
inexplicable. The door, indeed, had boon removed
from its hinges,
were lying about
but
although formidablenomar
kvis crowbarsible about
the door to show that any of them had been used in
prising it open, nor were there nay indication of re-.
cent use on the crowbars
the door of the safe been removed by the hinges, but
a most formidable look inside of it had been broken
in pieces, and the
empty,wards scattered about. The safe
was completelyand a couple of morticing
chisels, such as are
used by joiners, and the points of
which had been broken lay on the floor. How the
thieves got into the premi •
ses remains to be ex-
plained. The street '
door, which is common to the
whole house, opens into a passage, on the right hand
of which is a door communicating
with
the counting
house of Messrs Baum. The um. street door cannot be
unlocked from the outsi •
de. It is in two halves,
opening inwards, and night at •
ght is scoured by bolts
and crossbars on the insi• •
de, there being no lock
on the outside or the
inside. A person leaving the
house after it had been l
c osed for the night might
remove the crossbars and bolts inside the street
door, but he could not fasten the door after him,
and a passing policeman would probably soon fad
that it was open as ho went his
round. To prevent
such a discovery the thieves had recourse to an ex-
traordinary expedient. Bee l
ore eaving they actually
screwed a spring latch inside the
door, and on
closing the door behind them as. they passed out it
fastened itself on the inner side, dan so presented
afterwards an appearance from the outside of b •
being
secure. The robbery and the mystery which hangs
about it have excited a good deal of interest in the
city. The Messrs Baum, or some of them, have been
in business in Lombard-street for 30 or 40 years,
and many of their friends and clients called on them
in the course of yesterday to express their sym-
pathy with them on the occasion. They themselves
estimate their loss, though they speak with diffi-
dence on that point, at leas than £lO,OOO. The
firm has offered a reward of £2OO for the discovery
and conviction of the burglars.
The housekeeper and her nephew and niece, who
are reported to be respectable people, are unable to
give any explanation of the affiir. They live at the
top of the house, five or six stories from the base-
ment, and had not been disturbed either on Setup.
day or Sunday night. The dog had barked a good
deal at one part of the night, but that was not at
all an unusual circumstance:
_—.........1...................• Is NM

A Board of officers—composed of a field officer, 3d Bri.
gade (president), an engineer officer, and an assist.-surgeon,
members—assembled at the Royal Engineer-office, Alder-
shot, on Wednesday to report upon the double ball-court
erected near Aand North Camp.

life he showed a warm affection for his old school.
From Eton he went to Christ Church, Oxford, and
in 1821 obtained the Nowdigate prize for English
verse (Pse3tum), and also the Chancellor's medal for
Latin verse - (Etensis). -In 1823- he.grad nsted—earft
first classmnn in classics, and proceeded M.A.
in 1827.
Lord Carlisle's political life commenced in 1826,
when ho was returned for the family borough of
Morpeth; this seat ho retained till 1830. The reform
agitation of 1830 brought him out as a candidate
for the West Riding of Yorkshire, in order to test
the feeling of the people on the subject by the crucial
example of the election for that great constituency.
He was returned as a Liberal, and sat till 1841, and
was again elected in 1846. From April, 1835, to
September, 1841, Lord Morpeth was Chief Secretary
for Ireland, and from July, 1846, to March, 1850,
was Chief Commissioner of Woods and Forests. In
March, 1850, he was appointed Chancellor of the
Duchy of Lancaster, and retained that office till the
accession of Lord Derby's Ministry to office in 1852.
The conciliatory and popular nobleman who was
successful as Chief Secretary for Ireland was most

likely to make an excellent Viceroy. Lord Carlisle
(who had succeeded to his title in 1848) was ap-
pointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in 1855 ; he re-
tired with the Ministry in 1858, and was reappointed
on its return to office in 1859. How well he ad•
ministered this high office is known to everyone who
is conversant with politics. He was fair and candid,
active and zealous in the discharge of his duties,
liberal and impartial in his hospitalities.
Nothing could be more touching than Lord Car•
lisle's farewell to Ireland. His health was broken,
and a visit to hie native county had not improved
it, He felt himself compelled, against the wish of
the Government, to retire from his office, He was
attended to the steamer which was to take him from
Kingstown by a sorrowing group of friends. Ile
paid a final—a tearful—visit previously to his old
college friend, the Right Hon. Alexander Macdon•
nell, the resident commissioner of the Board of
National Education in Ireland. The Lord Lieute-
tient was deeply affected as he bade farewell to the
national schools of which his beloved friend was the
mainstay, and which he himself had done so much
to support. When the steamer bore Lord Carlisle
from the shores of the land whose interests he had
so carefully watched over—the land, it may be said,
of his adoption--there was scarcely a dry eye on
the quay. The earl 51 cod, deeply effected, on the
deck, and so long as the land was in sight waved his
hand in recognition of the friends he left behind him.
Seldom has there been a statesman who has ra-
tired from office with such universal expressions of
esteem and regard. Lord Wodelteusejlissucesssor,
and Sir. Robert Peel, his chief secretary, have, it
may be said, vied with each other in graceful and
kindly eulogies of his character. As representing
the Queen in Dublin society, Lard Carlisle was
the most agreeable and pleasant of viceroys. If
there must be a viceroy at all, he was a model
one; ho inaugurated flower shows, he danced at
balls, he lectured at young men's institutes. A
graceful and accomplished scholar, he was an
admirable lecturer ; ho earned considerable reputa-
tion by his lectures on Pope, for instance, On
the very ticklish subject of theology Lord Carlisle
contrived to hold an even balance between the
Protestants and Roman Catholics, as well as be-
tween High Church Protestants and the Low
Church Protestants. if ho made a Dr. Gregg
Bishop of Cork and a Dr. Versohoylo Bishop
of Kilmore, he at any rate compensated for such
eccentricities by recommending such eminent men
as Dr. Bereaford for the Primacy and Dr. Trench
for the See of Dublin. In short, Lord Carlisle was
an impartial, a just, and a liberal man ; and he
quitted his post--it is strange to say it of an Irish
official—with the respect and affection of both
parties in Church and State.
Lord Carlisle was appointed Lord Lieutenant of
the East Riding of Yorkshire in 1847, ho was
elected Lord Rector of the University of Aberdeen
in 1853, and he received the freedom of the city of
Derry in 1863.
The noble earl was never married, and he is suc-
ceeded in his title and estates by his brother, the
Hon. and Rev. William George Howard, of Christ
Church, Oxford, who was born in Park-street,
Grosvenor-square, in 1808, and has been rector of
Londesborough, Yorkshire, since 1832, The pie-
sent earl is not married, and the heir presumptive
is the lion. Charles 'Wentworth George 'Toward,
M.P. for East Cumberland since 1840, who mar•
lied a daughter of Lord Wensleydale and has issue.
Lord William Howard, the second son o
Thomas, fourth Duke of Norfolk, was " restored
is blood" by Act of Parliament in 1603, and mar-
ried Elizabeth, sister and coheir of George, Lord
Dam of Gillesland, and so became also owner of
Naworth, and Hinderskelle, the site of Castle
Howard. This Lord William, by the way, was the
famous "Bald Willy," or " Bolted Will." His
great grandion, Charles, was the first Earl of Car-
lisle, and was Ambassador to the "Czar of Mug.
covy," and Governor, subsequently, of Jamaica.
The third earl was First Lord of the Treasury; the
fourth earl, Henry, married, es his second wife,
the daughter of the fourth Lord Byron ; and,
through this marriage the illustrious poet, Lord
Byron, became connected with the Howards, being,
moreover, a ward of Lord Carlise, whom he lam.
peened and sneered at.
Several most distinguished families are placed in
mourning by the death of Lord Carlisle. The
Duchess Dowager of Sutherland and Lady Caroline
Lascelles are his sisters ; Sir Henry George
Howard, K.C.8., late Minister at Turin, is his
brother; the Hon. and Very Rev. H. E. J. Howard,
D.D., dean of Lichfield, is his uncle; and the Duke
of Devonshire and the Hon. and Rev. Francis
Grey, rector of Morpeth, brother of Earl Grey, are
his brothers-in.law.
Within the last week or two Lord Carlisle re-
signed his office of Lord Lieutenant of the Etat
Riding, and was succeeded by Lord Wenlock. He
had been a Privy Councillor since 1835, and a
Knight of the Garter since 1855.
Lord Carlisle was as fond as all true scholars are
of classical quotations, and one from his dearly-
loved Horace may aptly conclude this notice as an
illustration of his own character :-
44 Cui pudor, et justitise soror,
Incorrupta Fides, nudaque Veritas,
Quando ullum invenient palm ?"

To say that Lord Carlisle was a great orator or
a distinguished statesman would ba absurd. He
was a graceful speaker, and a conscientious, liberal,
zealous, and impartial administrator. But he may
Well be described in Horace's words as unsurpassed

The deepening of the steam basin of Portsmouth
dockyard by manual labour, with the spade and
barrow, under contract, is being proceeded with as
rapidly as circumstances will permit. The excava•
tion varies from about sft. to 2ft. in depth; and the
result, when the work is finally completed, will be
to give the basin a uniform depth of 29ft. over its
floor at ordinary spring tides. During the time the
basin is being kept dry, to allow of the necessary
excavation being made to give it this increased
depth, advantage is being taken by the authorities
of the opportunity to lower the inverts at the en-
trances to the dock connected with the basin—Nos.
7,8, and 11. No. 7 dock is having its invert lowered
to 27ft.—that is to say, 2ft. above the new level of
the steam basin new floor. This will give it the
same depth of water as now exists over the invert
of No.lo, or the Warrior dock, at present the largest
in Portsmouth yard. No. 7 was originally con-
structed es a separate dock, having its entrance from
the steam basin. On the plans being decided upon,
however, some years afterwards for No. 10 dock, it
was determined to make the latter a continuation
of No. 7, and by this means obtain a south as well
as north entrance to the steam basin from the har-
bour, with the additional advantages of greater
depth of water and readier access. As the.new dock
was of larger dimensions in every way than No. 7
the unavoidable result was that a great difference
existed in the depth of the now channel of entrance
formed to the steam basin by this junction of the
two docks, which, as our ships of war increased in
size, power of engines, Red draught of water, could
not fail to prove a bar to the efficiency of the steam
basin, too serious to be allowed to exist. The time
has now arrived for its removal, and the lowering
of the invert of No. 7 to the level of that of No.
10, at the opposite end of the channel, is the
first step in the matter taken by the auttio-
tido. Tho second and final step, the lowering of
the floor of No. 7, which is now sft above that of
No. 10, will follow immediately on the completion
of the deepening of its invert. These two docks
aro divided by a caisson at their junction, and
with this caisson removed they form one long dock
end channel to the steam basin of 67011 in length.
This dock or channel in the No. 10 portion is 80ft.
wide between the entrance-gatv piers at the coping,
100 ft. wide at the top of the line of Coping, and
-dart- wido--au--thr-11.4..-444.4m--I+l-+lte Mr.- 7 imrtimr
the saute measurements are respectively 80ft.,
100 ft., and' 35ft. No. 8 dock is 346(r. Gin, in
length from the casson to the head of the dock at
the coping. It is 701 i. wide (at present) between
the entrance-gates piers at the coping, 80ft. at the
top of the line of coping, and 33ft. on the floor line.
Its invert is now being lowered to an equal depth
with Nos. 7 and 10, and its depth of flooring will
follow with No. 7. No. 11 dock, now constructing
by Messrs. George Smith and Co., of Pimlico, is
also having its invert lowered from 221 t. 9in. to
27ft., the depths on Nos. 7,8, and 10. This invert
of No. 11 was the commencement of a dock designed
many years since, but it now must form the en-
trance to an enlarged dock, to the width and depth
of which it must be adapted. The naval estimates
for 1864.5 fix the cost of lowering this invert and
altering the caisson at £4,494. The dock, when
completed, will be sufficiently capacious to receive
the Minotaur class of ship, providing that the pre-
sent intentions of the Admiralty engineers to im-
prove the approaches are carried into effect. The
Steam Basin into which all these docks open is as
nearly as possible in the shape of a ship's rudder,
the after part, or shoulder of the rudder, forming
the northern extremity of the present boundary of
Portsmouth dockyard. It was formally opened
in the presence of her Majesty on the 25th of
May, 1848, Colonel Irvine, C. 8., setting the last
stone ; Mr Rolt,the present chairman of the Thames
Ironworks Engineering and Shipbuilding Com•
parry, being the contractor. It has a length of jetty
on its east face of 579 ft., on its south face of 450 ft.,
on its west face of 950 ft., and on its north face or
shoulder of 560 ft. ; 2,500 men were constantly en-
gaged on the work from first to last; and the quan.
tities of material consumed were 1,155,208 cubic fe
of stone, 7,696,000 bricks, and '135,700 cubic feet o'
Memel and beech timber. In excavating it 984,500
tons of earth werwremoved. In excavating the floor
of the basin at the present time to increase the depth
of water a considerable number of blocks of stone
have been recovered which had evidently fallen into
the excavated basin from the barges when its walls
were completing, and have remained ever since be-
low the surface of the basin floor. A large number
of pile heads have also been laid bare by the new
excavations, and these will, as a matter of course,
have to be cut down to the new level. The Steam
Basin and its connecting docks referred to is the
only place in which the authorities of Portsmouth
yard can efficiently refit or repair the iron or other
large ships of her Majesty's navy. Their limited
capabilities have been much felt since the introduc-
tion of screw frigates and line-of-battle ships, and
this has induced the authorities not only to make
arrangements for the extension of Portsmouth yard
which has been the subject of special legislation,
but also to deepen the floors and entrances of the
existing docks and basin in order to utilise them as
far as may be possible for future service. The ex■
isting establishment at Portsmouth, to say nothing
of its absurdly incongruous arrangement, will be
entirely put in the shade by the additions it will
receive in the works now about to commence. The
present extent of Portsmouth dockyard (including
all official residencies, &c., and everything, in
fact, within the boundary walls), is only 115 acres.
Bat the extension will, in the first instance alone,
comprise 177 acres. To efficiently carry on the
onerous duties of this work Mr H. Wood, who has
been for many years Government Clerk of the
Works, and Assistant Civil Engineer, has been pro-
moted to the rank of Superintending Civil Engineer,
and another appointment hes been made of an As'
sistant Civil Engineer.
The screw corvette Cadmus, 21, 400 horse power
got up steam yesterday in Chatham harbour, along.
side the dockyard, for the purpose of testing the
working of her boilers and machinery since the al-
teration and repairs effected by the engineer depart-
ment. Her engines and screw worked satisfactorily,
the propeller being a new Griffith screw, which has
been supplied to her in lieu of the old Admiralty.

bladed screw wleh she had d‘
mission.
Yesterday MriWtitiviorth made . ars c„,
Shoeburyneas with a new shell, design AN *till.
penetrate the Warrior target. The distance was 60t.'
yards. Owing to the target'having- been so much
fired at, a very small space was considered sufficient
to insure a distinct proof;us to whether a 70-pound
gun firing its proper charge of 121 b of powder was
capable of penetrating through the inner skin.
Hitherto it has been th a opinion of those most com-
petent to deal with the question that 70-pounder
guns, although capable of penetrating into armour
plates, and damaging the side of the ship, were una
equal to the task of getting through and bursting
the inner skin. On a previous occuion Mr Whit-
worth fired two of there shells. One went throng's
an old hole, constquently no result was obtaioed.
The second shell struck in the exact spot aimed at,
made a penetration of about 17 inchts, and bulged
the backing; hut it was thought by trimly that the
shell did not burst, or if it had done so it would
have gone through the inner skin of the target. Ithas
since been discovered that owing to a mistake is the
construction of the powder-bag within the shell,
only of powder was used instead of Jill), the
quantity the shell is able to contain. The shell is an
entirely new invention. It is of great strength and
thickness, flat-beaded, and at the point which
comes in contact with the plate there is a steel bolt
fitted sufficiently well to remain unmoved till ex-
pelled by the explosion of the powder which a per•
oussion cap by a mechanical contrivance fires after
the shell has penetrated the target. In practice the
shell is really a small gun, which fires a steel bolt
after it has reached its destination. No. I steel
shell struck the target 41in from the top edge and
66in from the left edge, 7in from the joint---the
shell passed through the plate,stuck in the backing
the base of the shell beiog 3in below the face of the
plate—the powder exploded, blowing the plug
through the backing and the skin along with the
metal punched out. The shell, remained perfect.
-No,* J.Lt-oel aheliziraw-L7,-.4ugh -the plate into -
backing and burst, driving the plug
through the backing against the skin, bulging it
slightly—the skin at the point struck was supported
by a crossbeam about 20in square. The shell struck
40in from the left edge and 15in from the top one
—a bolt was broken—the shell came back and was
picked up 74 yards in the rear of the target, and
in good condition. No. 3 steel shell struck an old
shot which was standing out from the target, and
broke up in consequence. No. 4 steel shell struck
fair on a vertical stringer Oft 6in from the left edge
and 3ft 6in from the top edge. It penetrated the
plate and backing, forcing the piece punched out
against the skin, which was not bulged. The shell
jumped back 104 yards, and was found in good con-
dition.

Steff•Commander Moriarty has been appointed
from the Marlborough, 121, screw three-decker, re■
cently paid out of commission at Portsmouth, to the
command of the Fox, screw transport frigate, Tice
Pullen, appointed to Keyham-yard.
The Royal School of Naval Architecture and
Marine Engineering was brought into full opera.
Zion last week by the commencement of a series of
twelve lectures " On the Principles of Mechanics
and Hydrostatics, Machinery, and the Elements of
Mechanics," by the Rev. B. Morgan Cowie, B. 1).,
rector of St. Lawrence Jewry, and Professor of
Geometry in Gresham College. • This course of
lectures will terminate on the 7th of March. On
Wednesday, the 7th inst., Dr. Percy, F,R.S., will
commence a series of six lectures " On the Mecha-
nical and Chemioal Properties of Iron."

Bursting of a Reservoir in Cumberland.

•
_ _
On Wednesday last, a disaster occurred at the seaport of
Harrington. Cumberland, similar in some respects to that
which spread such devastation around Sheffield in the early
part of this year, though upon a much smaller scale, anti
fortunately unattended .with any loss of life. About
11 o'clock on that day a reservoir, three acres in extent,
situated at a short distance from Harrington, burst and de-

luged the main street with a wide stream, EOM 41t ur 51t in
depth, which rushed down the street with a loud roar, the
ain body of water finally emptying itself into the harbour.
Tho reservoir was one recently constructed to supply the
new ironworks of Mews Bsin, Blair, and Patterson• it
was const►ucted in a valley, the adjacent hills forming two;
sides, and the low end being shut in by an embankment
about 300 ft in length and 20ft high. This bank was sft
thick at the top, : and it gradually spread out towards the
base, sloping on either side, It is about ton months since
I.l,e_nokstrur.lien.uf .11lia...xtservoir commenced. and it wra;
almost completed when this catastrophe occurred on Wed-
nesday. The recent heavy rains had flail it, and the by-
fall which carries the ovorfl ,w into a beck, and so into the

harbour, proved inadequate to carry off the surplus water,
which flowed over the side of the embankment, and washed
away the earth on the outer side, and so gradually dimi-
nished the thickness of the embankment at one place until
it was incapable of resisting the pressure from withiD, and
the water burst through, making a chasm some loft wide.
One of the members of the firm (Mr Patterson) was stand-
ing on the embankment when the disaster occurred, and
just saved himself by a well• timed leap. A man who had
been employed at the dam, as soon as he saw the danger
that was impending, ran down to the town to give the alarm.
At this time the pupils of the national school were breaking
up for dinner and coming into the streets. They wore at
once hurried into cottages, where they would bo out of
harm's way. In a few Minutes after the catastrophe oc-
curred. The torrent came rolling along in high waves of
four or five feet in height down the main street, inundating
houses alone its line of route, and sweeping off all mov-
ables that came in its way. It is stated that the stream
occupied several minutes in passing. Fortunately no one
was injured, all the damage done being confined to pro-,
porty. Some people were carried for some distance by
the flood, and a little boy who had fought refuge at the
railway bridge had a narrow escape from being drowned.
The WhiSehaven !Yews thus describes the ravages of the
flood :—" On bursting the embankment the water had
overflowed the beck below, and, forming a stream several
yards in width, pursued its way down the valley, tearing
up a number of trees in its course. The first obstacle was
the bridge of the beck, the parapet of which, consisting of
three or four feet of brink and stone work, was completely
carried away. Nearly opposite this bridge is a row of
newly-built cottages. These were completely inundated
to the height of from four to five feet ; the furniture was
floated about, and in most instances the fires were put
out. The schoolroom and two or three other houses
next door, being situated on high ground, did not suffer
much,' but at Mr Kendall's brewery the damage was
serious, two brewings, we understand, being completely
wasted. At . a short distance from Mr Kendall's
brewery are three newly-erected houses, occupied respec-
tively by Captain James M'Greavey, Mrs. Glover, and
Mrs. Barnes. At this block of buildings the water seemed
to have dashed with immense force. Two walla at the
back were knocked down, the collars in front filled with
water, the pressure of which raised the flooring of the pas-
pogo and front room, and occasioned serious damage to the
property. At Captain M‘Greavey'e the water rose in the
parlour to the height of about Oft. The water had got into
the room out of the cellar by forcing up the hearthstone,
which was shattered to pieces. The carpets, hearthrug,
to,, were one mass of mud. In the back room similar havoc'
was made. Mrs Glover's house presented a similar scene of
destruction. The water had found vent from the cellar by
forcing up the front room, up which it rushed, carrying a
large sofa out of its place, and knocking over a massive
The wok,. Limn Mlle ill me neignt or aft or 4tt.
From the house of Mrs Barnes, a laun s
dres, several basket**
of clothes were washed away, and at a late hour had not
been recovered. Considerable injury was also dens to the
woodwork of the house. The reason why this block of build.
jugs suffered more than others is owing to their having
cellars attached to them, which becoming filled with water
could only find vent by forcing up the ceilings above. The
many street is in many parts torn up. and trenches 2ft or 3ft
wide and several yards long, leaving exposed the water
pipes. have been made by the action of the water. The
ioundation of the iron railway bridge has also yielded to the
flood. Several large stones, fragments of the beck bridge,
were found near the harbour, having been carried out be.
wean 300 and 100 yards.

BREAKFAST BEVERAGE.—liomcelpathic practitioner/4
and the medical profession generally, recommend cocoa
as being the most healthful of all beverages. When the doc-
trine of homoeopathy was first introduced into this country:
there were to be obt ‘ined no preparations of cocoa either at--
tractive to the taste or acceptable to the stomach ; the nuC
was either supplied in the crude state, or so unskilfully
manufactured as to obtain little notice. J. Epps, of London;
Homeopathic Chemist, was induced in the year 1819 to turn
his attention to this subject, and at lengtb succeeded, with
the assistance of elaborate machinery, in being the first
to produce an article pure in its oomposition, and so refined.
by the perfect trituration it receives in the process it passes
through, as to be most acceptable to the delicate stomas:ll4
For general use Epps's Cocoa is distinguished as an invigo-q
rating, grateful breakfast beverage, possessing a most deli.;
dons aroma. Dr. Hassell, in his work, "Food and itS
Adulterations," aays—" Cocoa contains a great variety of ina.,
portant nutritive principles—every ingredient necessary to
the growth and sustenance of the body.' Again: "As a
nutritive, cocoa stands very much higher than either coffee
or tea." Directions—Two teaspoonfuls of the powder in s
breakfast cup, filled up with boiling water or milk. Secured
in tin-lined Ilb., Ob., and lib. labelled packets, and sold )le,
all grocers, oigeotioners, and chemists.— [A.ny'r.l

. t

COALS.—The LrLLESHAL G COMPANY'S
COALS.
Direct from their own Collieries.
Marquis'. ..... .255. per ton. Double.. 21s. per ton.
Top 245. „ Deep „..225.
/Veil screened and delivered within five miles of their De-
pots, Westbourne Park-road, W., and 17, South Wharf,
Paddington, W., and Maiden-lane, N.
Best Coke

Terms cash.
JOHN 6:A TT, dole Lgent.

HE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN,"
Containing the Lftteat SPORTING INTELLIGENCE,
can be had Every Evening of

G. R. GLP:NIE, NEWS AGENT.
No. 4, Connaught-terrace,

THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN"
supplied, as soon as published every Evening by W. ALEXANDER (late nitooNs), Newspaper Agent, 24, Old Cavendish-street, Oxford-street,

BUSINESSES.-Mr. ANDREW RIND'S
Containin NOVEMBER LIST,
g too Businesses, Prerniscs, Partnerships, Arc.,
Gratis.
Letters, enclose starrip.—Particulars entered free.
OFFICEi—CORNER. OF LITTLE CARTER-LANE, ST. PAUL'S.

TEIGNMOUTR,Devon —Mr. ANDREW
HIND has received instructions. to SELL a Gentle-
man's RESIDENCE, with grounds of about 3 acres. The
house is pleasantly situate; eentains dining. two drawing-
rooms, nine I ed-rooms, three dressing.roomi:
keeper's rcom and offices, conservatory, library, house-
garden, three-stall
stable, two coach-houses, mac. It stands on high ground, and
the views from it are gooi. Distance from the sea about a
mile. Price £2,6oo.—rarticulars and cards to view at the
City Central Estate Offices, corner of Little Carter-lane, St.
Paul's.

is 4111
atio.*
viMC ...le /lit ""

LONDON, TUESDAY, DEC. 6, 1864.

Education is one of the chief subjects of the day
in interest and importance ; but amid the many
conflicting opinions and divers remarks made upon
this qlestion how few are there who have entered
upon the topic with the purpose of dwelling upon
" Self-education." This want has been well sup•
plied by Lord STANLEY in his recent address at
the Manchester Mechanics' Institute; and many
may peruse this speech with profit to themselves
and benefit to the numerous class concerned. It
has truly been said that one of the chief faults of
education is not to teach the young to apply the
knowledge they acquire. It would be better for any
child or young person to learn half what he does if he
thoroughly understood it, and was thus enabled to
put it to good account, than if he merely acquired
a confused medley of information by rote, which
he never took the time to understand nor his
teachers to explain to him. Sir WALTER SCOTT'S
memorable answer concerning a man who boasted
of the immense extent of his reading deserves to
be remembered, and should be applied by all ►o
themselves who look to the letter of the thing,
and not to the spirit. Upon being told that a man
read twenty hours a day he asked, "and how many
does he think P" This is just the case with those
who make overhaste to be learned, and to cram
the minds of children with what they never clan
appreciate, and what it would take many yeara for
them to do justice to. Lord STANLEY is no flit-
terer ; he does not confine his remarks to saying
that the institution commented upon is excellent,
the purpose praiseworthy, and the results most
satisfactory. This sugar-plum style may suit the
requirements of the moment, but can never conduce
to any practical results or confer a beneficial in-
fluence upon those favoured by it. It is surely a
wiser, kinder, and truer task to speak of errors
and mention failures in such a manner that they
may be rectified and remedied than to attempt a
false and unfounded mode of proceeding. In pee.
suance of this stable method, his lordship said
that these institutes had not always succeeded,
because their founders attempted too much
and ventured to believe that consequences would
ensue from them which were more rare than fre-
quent. They talked too much of the benefit of
knowledge in the abstract, but did not apply it
practically to the real business of life. Now, how.
ever, much of this has bean changed, and those ins
stitutions which are likely to last have become less
ambitious in their views but more useful in their
practice. Lord STANLEY forcibly and pithily set
their work before them when he said that they were
to continue and extend the limited and imperfect
teaching which alone a school for the industrial
class, or indeed for any class, can pretend to give.
Most true are the observations we subsequently
meet with as to the absurdity and impropriety of
stuffing children's memories with " facts to which
no definite idea is attached." If a boy mu3t leave
school at the age of twelve it is idle to suppose that
he can be proficient in anything beyond the rudie
meats of learning; but let him acquire these
thoroughly, and he is so far independent but to do
more he must apply his more matured faculties at
a further period of life. Lord STANLEY affirmed
that if teaching on the whole was better adminiE.
tered in the higher than in the lower classes, it was

chiefly because not more but less was taught at an
early age. Time is taken, that the wall is not run
up in haste, that the bricks are set in carefully, and
the mortar allowed time to dry, and so the struc-

tore, whether high or low, is likely to stand. An-

other important fact, mentioned by his lordship,
ought long ago to have occurred to ali who have
charge of the young, and not only been seen by
them but acted upon, that it is injurious for a young
child to be kept so many hours a day learning, or
at least pretending to do so. Not only is mental
growth not attained, but physical health materially
suffers by this unnatural confinement; and what
can compensate for health and strength to those
who have to gain their own livelihood ?
The case is well put hers—'4 Natare says to a child
' run about,' the schoolmaster says ' sit still,' and, as
the schoolmaster can punish on the spot, and nature
can only punish long afterwards, he is obeyed, and
health and brain suffer." How strange it seems
that in this intelligent age such practical truths are
so little recognised, and still less cared for. Parents
and teachers persist in making the attempt to force
the knowledge that belongs to riper years into the
early days of tender childhood, and they think they
can compress the work of years into months. But
a greater teacher than they are says no, and in
many a stunted form, and in many a shattered con.
stitutian, we may read the sad effects of the fatal
errors fallen in to in the golden days of youth by
those who should have been ministering spirits, and
fostering agents, instead of dealing ruthlessly the
fate that has made life a failure and burden instead
of a blessing. Lord STANLEY was careful to guard
his hearers from falling into a common error, and
supposing that a man of talent would be sure to
get on without culture. Because some gifted indi.
viduals did so it was not to be deduced as an in-
controvertible theory, that all might or could be
exempt from training without harm accruing to
their progress. Thus, GEORGE STEPHENSON, a
man thoroughly versed in the requirements of the
class from which he sprang, was always most
desirous that others should enjoy the advantages
he missed, and always spoke in favour of such
institutions. As for State interference and State
support his lordship spoke most strongly against
the principle of it, and made good hie view of the
question. He said that there always existed a
wholesome jealousy among the middle classes of
England as to this matter of State meddling in
this and other things, and he trusted not
to see it decrease as it was sometimes
threatened to do. Self reliance is the chief

feature in our national character, and if we lose
in that nothing can make up for it. It
will be better to expect and endure many private
losses, for the sake of the great public gain con-
ferred by this means on the country ; and individual
discomfort and inconvenience are as nothing in com-
parison with the general principle embodied in the
practice of independence. No nation ever really
fl

louriahed where the Government does the work for

it, It may seem fair and prosperous in times of
prosperity, but if the clouds lower and tho whirl-
Rind rise, the elements of stern endurance will not
he found that can rise to face the danger and resist
the difficulty. It is always among the races that
exhibit self.-reliance and independence that we find
the hardy virtues flourish, and the manly qualities
most in vigour and perfection. It has truly been
said,

'Tie the black north. easter through tho snow storm hurled
Drives our English hearts of oak seaward round the
world 1"

And the same metaphor applies, in its way, to the
social arrangements of society. Lapped in luxury
and guarded from care, the youth cannot attain to

a manhood worthy its duties and its privileges
and so with undertakings and societies and institu-
tions, they must be able to stand on their own merits,
or their foundations will be insecure, and their fate
similar to that of the house built upon sand. As
Lord STANLEY said, the help given to boys and
girls' schools is very well, because this generation
has to make up fcr centuries of neglect ; but further,
the help of the State is not wanted or ought not to
be, State help has not, it is here truly put, done
anything for English manufactures. English farmers
and great engineers are not taught by Government•
"Yet our manufactures travel to every corner of the
earth, our engineers travel to every country, and
our farming, imperfect though it may be, is probably
the highest in Europe." Such things are worthy of
note, and those who peruse this speech may well
ponder over its meaning and profit by its teaching.
Education is the theme which excites ail minds and
bears associations to the thoughtful and refined that
the hardy and sterner employments of existence are
powerless to supply. If simpler ends were aimed
at more solid and sterling advantages would be
gained in early life, and further and more freshness
and vitality would remain to pursue the delightful
journey with more vigour, and to more happy and
honourable results. This discourse of Lord STAN-
LEY'S is full of suggestive subjects, and puts facts
before us that are worthy of all attention. if the
education of the young be neglected generations to
come will mourn the day, but if those competent to
act and able to support the great work of teaching
of childhood and improving youth do their part,
they will be investing their wealth in a speculation
that cannot utterly fail ; and while they may not
live to see the fruition of their works, they will
know that one sows that another may reap, and
that their children's children may rise up and call
them blessed for the practical benefits conferred on
society through their agency. There is no more
satisfactory work for human beings to perform
than to reform and regenerate the fellow-proba-
tioners for eternity, and those who thus devote
their efforts and assist those who do so may rejoice
to think that long after they sleep in dust their
example will be left to others, and that the coming
years will witness the happy effects of the efforts
now made, while, looking still higher and yet be-
yond this transient sphere of human husbandry,
they can trust that useful, honourable, and virtuous
careers may be their abiding monuments, and be
reserved to form a portion of the harvest scene of
the great hereafter.

The naval affairs of this country aro sufficiently
interesting to the general public, to make them
turn with some curiosity to the speech of a Lord
of the Admiralty. Accordingly when Mr. CHU.
DERS, who now occupies the post of Civil Lord,
comes forward to address his constituents, his
words gather some importance from his official
position. It is true that every one is pretty well
prepared beforehand for the substance of an Ads
miralty address, that it is not difficult to foretel
the general defence of the policy of the Administra-
tion, especially of naval affairs, and the assurances
that every effort is being made to combine economy
of public money with efficiency of public service.
Still there are several topics which have recently
occupied a good deal of public attention upon which
Mr. CHILDERS might be naturally expected to
touch, and therefore his observations to his constie
tuents were not altogether words of course. One
of the most prominent of these topics was the
Victoria, a large line-of-battle ship, which is to be
despatched as flagship to the Mediterranean. The
Admiralty has been attacked for sending a wooden
three-decker on such an office instead of an armour.
plated vessel, and therefore Mr. COBDEN has gone
so far as to term our wooden vessels " floating
slaughter-houses," and to object to their being put
in any prominent position. The Admiralty has
undoubtedly sins enough of its own to answer for
without being blamed unjustly, and the outcry
about the Victoria has been altogether out of place.
In the first place, a wooden ship being far more
roomy and more healthy is in every way better
suited for the flagship and its train of supernu-
meraries. This point was especially insisted upon
both by Mr. CHILDERS and by Lord CLARENCE
PAGET, who alluded to the subject in a recent
address at Deal, The want of ventilation in an
armour-plated vessel renders it very unfit for a
large body of supernumeraries, of which there are
sometimes one or two hundred on board the Medi-
terranean flagship. As Lord CLARENCE PAGET
showed, fevers and other diseases would
be liable to break out among a large
body of men crowded into a ship which was
only calculated for immediate action. The flag.
ship in the Mediterranean has hitherto been
a wooden ship, and no complaint was made
when the last was commissioned. But a mania
has now spread about iron ships, which have as
yet been tested theoretically rather than practi-
cally. During time of peace it is the first ques-
tion to regard the health and efficiency of the
crews, and this alone is a powerful argument in
favour of a wooden flagship. But even in time
of war it remains to be seen how far an armour
plated ship would prove so vastly superior. We
observe that the new vessels do not carry the
number of guns which was proposed for them.
Iu some instances they have uo more than half
the number. Great as may be the improvements
made in iron plating, the rapid progress in gun-
nery more than keeps with them. We hold it to
be impossible for any ship to carry the weight of
iron necessary to resist the new shot, bat a very
much slighter quality of plating would serve to
protect the vessel in some degree, by making shots
glance off, &c., and consequently there is no reason
why our old wooden walls should not be turned to
good account, by thus defending them above and
below the water line. Much as has been said about
the merits of these iron clads, we must remember
that they have not been tried in action, and that
their practical advantage in naval warfare have
yet to be proved, while there is no question that
they are less handy, and frequently less sea-
worthy than the wooden ships. It is certainly
well and wise to give every new plan a fair trial,
and therefore, while we need not take it for
granted that the iron vessels are invincible, neitly,r
should we condemn them hastily ; but ie eve are
to discard all others, however sound and tried,
we must say that our fleet consists of a very few
vessels. It is certainly not wise to pledge the coun-
try to the vast outlay required for the construction
of an ironclad fleet, before the advocates of iron
plating can oven agree upon the best method, Mr
CH ELDERS was, of course, not bold enough to admit
this, but he was courageous enough to say a word in
defence of the singular conduct of his Board,
with respect to the Royal Sovereign. Since public
opinion expressed itself so unmistakeably respecting
the treatment which Captain COLES'S invention had
received at official hands, intidthe becomererei
atsapnEdt
Rh
teshfSeaorsehifiei
norne
towe speakare n
not
tn
surprisedhl gh terms
to offi
iaan
oaodnmilestrraaebt
ed
"veryodel,
sue.angd
tt
hh
ee
system
l oS
no Sovereign rheii
which
hn
tf
cessful." However Mr CHILDERS supports the
view of his superiors as to the Royal Sovereign's
want of capacity for cruising, and her consequent
fitness for harbour defence and practice in gunnery,
in which case she is no more than a floating battery,