The Sun.
London, England, 1852-03-11 00:00:00

THE SVN,

THE NECESSITY OF A SECRE-
TARY OF STATE FOI OUR DEFENCE AND
WAR ESTABLISHMENTS.

L I T;ILITI1 Ili.
THE L.TI"ER,I2IURE AND ROI:VANCE OF
NOI?Th'ERN EUROPE. .By William and
Mary Bated& 2 Vols. Colburn.
Engliah readers have long been deeply indebted to
kr. and Mrs. Howitt for ,an introduction to the de-
lightful novelists of the north, as the many admirers
of Miss Bremer and Christian Andersen will grate-
fully bear witness. In order to add to the obligations
',Which they have already conferred upon us, those
indefatigable authors have now presented us with a
most charming and valuable work, by means of which
113 e vela majority of the English reading public will
he for the first time, and to their surprise no doula',
'node tatquainted with the rich stores of intellectual
Wealth l'ong garnered up in the cold and barren it-
ems or Scandinavia. No less surprising to that
:hams m ejority will be the opening chapter of
work, in which the "great praise and mar-
vel of the Anglo-Saxon name is set aside,
and those characteristics of the English race which
}lave given rise to our conquests and our colonies,
Whichshave rendered us paramount on the see, and
Which have extended our empire "far as the breeze
ean bear the billow's foam," are traced by logical and
eonvincing arguments, not to our Anglo-Saxon, but
to our Dan isn ancestors /—a lingering indication of
"the old Yorse fire in onr veins." If ever "the
• Child is fatleor to the man," say the authors of this
Work, the 0,1 Sea Vikings., remarkable for their in-
domitable en t erprise and their love of martial and
maritime glor v, are the ancestors of the English race,
a race compot inded of the British, the Roman, the
Anglo-Saxon, 6nd the Scandinavian. If, therefore,
*According to Ott arguments here so ably advanced
(and to which we refer the curious reader)—if to our
Scandinavian ancestors we are indebted for some of
our most valued national characteristics, it certainly
behoves us to take some little interest in their intel-
lectual history. That interest will be abundantly
excited by a glance at these records of their literature
and romance. From the famous Edda (grandmother),
a collection of traditions, songs, and legends, whose
origin is lost in the darkness of antiquity, down to
the novels of Miss Bremer and Baroness 'Knorring,
the prose and poetic writings of Denmark, Norway,
Sweden, and Iceland, are here introduced to us in a.
.I,!lanner at once singularly comprehensive and concise.
t is no dry enumeration of names, but the very
!!arrow and spirit of the various works
displayed before us. We have a collection of old
eallads, always fascinating to old and young we
have ancient fairy-tales, in which (another proof of
oter ancestry, say the authors,) we find the germs of
ray of our national fairy tales. We have scenes
from plays, and selections from the poets, with
most attractive biographies of these and other
- great men. The sorrowful story of Evald,
the romantic adventures of Baggeman, the
a:t rious vicissitudes, strange or ludicrous, melon-
y-
and triumphant, which marked the careers of
their fellow-labourers, alternately excite the pity and
admiration of the reader, the necessary consequences
~4eeording to the theor of Violante of any contem-
Atcatien of the heroicy . The songs and ballads
we imagine, translated by Mrs. Howitt,
47.4 those who are familiar with the
isite beauty and simplicity of her poems will
se'lll
• trateela, need any assurance of the charm of these
Qr;nslahons.
Ia the chapter on the modern novelists
:?V.111• the north, many of whom are so well appreciated
;;" egland, we are informed, that when the Howitts
Ana tr
aWated " The Neighbours," the first of Miss
rernees works introduced into England, they could
P.- and n
inoa :21 Publisher willing to undertake it. The public,
tney, were already sick of French and German
elatione. So confident, however were the trans-
"
re that Mies Bremer would find favour in Eng-
o,* - that they undertook the publication on their
more account, but, although the success
than fulfilled their expectations, they
teePed little profit by the adventure, for so great
ilas Miss Bremer's popularity that every fresh tram-
,.„,,i,on of her works was altered, and reprinted, and
r,"l6bed in a cheap form almost as soon as it sp-
. rared. As an evidence that these translations were
liken from the Howitts, they mentionthe fact that
One of them, of which they had altered the title, was
reprinted in the cheap edition, not with the original
' name, but with that which they had bestowed upon
i I
However it may have been with translations, it
cannot possibly happen in the work before us that
those will reap who have not sowed. The laborious re-
earch, and the nice discrimination revealed by these
21times, can be attributed to no others than the inde-
. ''tigable Howitts, who by this work have increased
°,l_le obligations by rendering us more familiar with
;fa rich " literature" and beautiful " romance" of
Northern Europe."
2'-

11-E ADTENTURES OF A BEAUTY.
-'6IY Mrs. Crowe, author of " Lilly Dawson," 6-c.
Colburn. 3 vols.
boubtlesis many who read the title of this book
Rill presume that it chronicles the career of some
Fort paragon, of some reigning belle, some star of
411 e season. They will fancy bright visions of ball
aid
ails
banoteet, and picture to themselves fascinating
of the luxurious life of refined magnificence.
at the fact is otherwise. No splendour, no riches,
~,_4() rank attend the heroine. Born of humble
"rente, bred in a cottage, only half-educated, and
rrnunded by misfortunes, her course of existence
_lfrers widely from that ideal -of delight that
'tftencists• are wont to foreshadow as hovering over
the
flowery path of youth and loveliness. But
truth and nature triumph here over the charms of
feation and the lures of art. Were the archives of
ale beauties disclosed without gloss or reservation,
• of few names would be written on the bright side
,ttle page of those endowed with the fatal gift of
r7sonal attraction. While, on the contrary, could a
•tane be found for half of those whose grace has
en their ruin, even in a virtuous life alone, whose
!earts have been broken, while their every wish was
considered of paramount importance, and who have
c
their death-bed fully verified the sad exclamation,
ad is vanity, and whose last words have de-
• ti!red that each envied crown was one of
deeply
Of such is Agnes Crawfurd. Her story is
interesting, the incidents are not real in
..,rlTon, but in their carrying out much of the strange
d unusual occurs. This is not a tale that will lose
attraction'chapter
by here describing it, inasmuch as the first
. 'apter sees its heroine at the altar of her parish
• Church, married in the stillness of night, with only
• t7° witnesses to the heir of the grand domains in the
ttal'Bbbourhood, the' Hall," to which in her childish days
oi
e had been taught to look up to as the object of a% e
• and reverence. This was not a union of affection on
'either tide. Lionel Grosvenor was possessed of a
• rissing passion for the lovely maiden, heightened in
latensity by-her reserve and dignity. She was led
• ilif!lY by his exalted station and fascinating manners,
sever before having been attached ; therefore she
Consented to an honourable engagement with ene she
did not love. Retribution was in store for both. Mr.
Grosvenor was dangerousl wounded, and carried
abroad .by his fond
rent.
of his m were totally uncon-
scious, who
marriage. Agnes went to London, and
bad to support. herself with great difficulty, being
too
proud to urge claims he did not acknowledge.
Meanwhile her despicable husband was again mar-
ried abroad to an heiress, again without loving the
object of his choice, thus
violating the laws
Of heaven and earth
trufsted, his first
for no single reason
or purpose. lie
and .correctly, in
the • amour propre o
wife, who
'would have endured any p ;
r.vato
°OW
ther than bring the notice of the publ* utne y ra-
• 04 such a delicate and sacred subject.
lc to her name
Besides, she
.) yconcluded that she would not gain the dear-
est wish of her heart, to accomplish which had been ,
her great reason for marrying, namely, that of enter-
g the elite of society, by branding her name' with
the revolting details of a public trial. Pride was the
Sin by which she fell ;" but pride was the virtue by
Which she sustained her fall with dignity, with
°lee and with heroism. The subsequent events are
•complicated. The son of Agnes was stolen by indi-
-11 but the
viduals-not concerned in her fortunes at a ;
Occurrence favours the wish of Watson, the cousin
th of
,eleionel Grosvenor, and the heir to the title of the
`,!nlily, if no sons are left. The child of the second
'4larriage is of course illegitimate. The crowning
• point of interest is when, after the death of Lionel,
• ere are left' living two wives and two sons, the law-
fh
• •1,1 child lost, and the unlawful of most delicate health.
atson calculated his chances whether the first
ee"_
uold be discovered, or if it was better to trust to the
-teeond dying, the world believing him the true heir
grandfather's title. He likewise planned to
thus
proposals of marriage to either widow,
Ils in another way securing the wealth.
tt last, he resolved to choose the second ;
.° called on Lady Georgina, and told her
sister-in-law the fatal truth of the first en-
!,,agetnent, but promised to keep it secret (he was one
the witnesses) if Lady Georgina would become his
,a,-Lie
6.',e• However, the unfortunate second, Lady
Grosvenor, was not informed of this, and when she
Was told afterwards of the melancholy position of her-
self
her-
self and child, she instantly went abroad to bury
had ~ in seclusion. Meanwhile the friends of Agnes
been
very busy in her behalf, several facts had
o brought to light, and'her true priority was re •
efgaised• Her child was found, and restored to her
ter the lapse of four years' absence. Thus her sins
w
• ere indeed heavily visited, and she had a right to
the
enjoyment at last of her dearly-bought grandeur.
euet adversity had purified her character, and in the
‘ Chapter we leave her only prizing the elevation of
11144 and the wealth of mind, as in the first we found
er caring but for the pomp of power and the pride
°f 'place.

Tyi
Of +l.-8 PRICE OF Inorr.—At an adjourned meeting
1/0:", e ironmasters of South Wales, held on Tuesday, at
•thp,"eY's Hotel, the following decision was come to unani-
eljtC,,lY That a ggneral reduction of the make of iron,
illa,,v4gh in itself desirableioes'not appear to this meeting
ceder existi • • •umstances, to be capable a being carried
Qtit ne, cut,
"sr krugwout at tho Nowt Uwe."

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. "
SIR,—I have read with the greatest satisfaction
your most able article, at once judicious and patriotic,
on a Memorandum lately published by Ridgway,
bringing to the immediate notice of the public 'the
vast importance towards economy and efficiency in
our army and navy, of the appointment of a Secre-
tary of State for Defence and War.
Our last Secretary of State for War l—mind, Sir,
he was not Secretary of State for Peace !—was also
our Secretary of State for the Colonies, and the
monstrous absurdity of the j unction of these two
appointments was made self-evident in the contrary
opinions given, by his Grace the Duke of Wellington
and by Earl Grey, on the military operations of Sir
Harry Smith. And let me ask you, Sir, whet
would be more absurd at the present moment than
that Sir Jchn Pekington, just appointed our Colonial
Secretary of- State—heaven know' the superin-
tendence of forty colonies ought to be work enough
for any man—should also be appointed our Secretary
of State for War !
If Ireland is to be for the Irish, in God's name let
the Colonial Secretary be for the Colonies, and release
him from all military or naval responsibility. If he
can give a good account of the colonies, let us be aa-
tisp,ed—he will have done his duty by his country.
But, to return to the Secretary of State for our
Defence and War. The author of the Memorandum
you have in such forcible' language brought to the
notice of us, your readers—and our name is Legion--
ever on the increase—deserves the greatest praise for
thus agitating this most important question. And,
although he candidly confesses he proposes nothing
new, yet his merit is not the less for the very con-
cise and kind way in which he has brought the sub-
ject to the notice of numerous of his countrymen, who
may never have heard of, or given the idea a thought.
We are all too apt to suppose that with Parliamentary
reform comes, as a matter of course, all others that
are required. But I do hope, Sir, that some Member
of the present House win bring this matter under
its consideration, as soon as a proper opportunity
may offer, and that he will not be particular in
choosing one.
.Why, Sir, as regards econony, the saving mould
be immense. Look for an instant at the East India
Company's arrangements—consider its army 'of
250,000 men—and then look at the small establish-
ment in Leadenhall-street,wbence this immense army
is clothed, armed, equipped, and provided for in va-
rious ways ; then inquire into the numerous other du-
ties performed by that department—a detail of which
would fill columns of your paper—and yet to record
the staff of that most effective office would hardly
take up a corner. One inspector and a deputy-in-
spector of military stores are, I believe, the only two
officers who may be said to receive any salary worth
mentioning as sucb ; they are early at their post, and
always hard at work.
It would, Sir, be a curious calculation. Colonel
Sykes, a member of the Statistical Club, and a director
of the East India Company, could no doubt give it,
and then to make a comparison, of the expense in-
curred in clothing, arming, and equipping the 100,000
men, or thereabouts, in her Majesty's service, and
the 250,000 men in that, of the Hon. East India
Company's.
Indeed, Sir, it is of Ino use certain Members in
the House of Commons trying to reduce the expen-
diture of this country in its naval and military de-
partnients until they can establish one uniform
system for the accounts, and one individual responsi-
bility for the head of all their affairs. The number
of useless offices and inefficieut people that would
disappear would be hardly credible. There would
then be one person to whom all evils could be pointed
out, and after that he would be responsible for their
continuance.
A Secretary of State for Defence and War
would, depend upon it, enjoy no sinecure; but
the country would have economy in its departments,
and efficiency in its physical force. It would get
something for its millions, and it would not long be
16,000,000/. that would be required.
Even so far bait as 1837 it was acknowledged
that " the whole charge of the army is nowhere
shown in one comprehensive view. The cost of the
land forces is only to be found divided in different
estimates, prepared and submitted to the Legislature
by different authorities." And it Was further ac-
knowledged at the same time, viz., in 1837, that this
system of account "is contrary to the soundest
principles of finance, and calculated to throw diffi-
culties in the way of a thorough investigation by
Parliament of the military expenditure of the
country !! !" And yet, Sir, this system is allowed
by the country still to continue. What can our Re
form Members be about ? What have they been
about ? What is the Financial Reform Society
about? Sir, I have beard it said by one who is
by no means a bad judge of such matters,
that this little Memorandum, to which. you
have drawn our attention, speaks trumpet-
tongued what ought to be done, and that it should be
in the bands of every one who wishes for economy and
efficiency in our naval and military departments, and
at once clearly pointg out the, necessity of a Secretary
of State to superintend the whole system.
The Daily News, Sir, of the 9th ins'., in a most
able article on military matters, observed that—
" The country has a right to see that the money
which it has earned by its toil shall be properly spent,
and it will triumphantly insist on that right being
carried out, if its leaders do not fail it in Parliament.
The army and navy are without excuse. If the
men thus summoned will but push the assault home
in this direction, they are sure to find a very ge-
neral support from the public, and they may
succeed in converting the year 1852 into
one of the marked constitutional 'eras of
England"—and surely, then, the exposure we 'have
lately bad made of an expenditure of upwards of
16,000,0001. of money, and yet neither soldiers nor_
sailors to defend the immense interest at stake, is
enough to excite the energy and exertions of all true
lovers not only of their country but of the freedom of
the world; for should England fail her allies in the
hour of need, and confess herself unprepared to de-
fend those who seek her shores- for shelter and pro-
tection, the game, in Europe at least, is up, and des-
potism must have its sway. That the advice so ably
given in the Daily News may be speedily followed
up, and that you will not, Sir, allow this matter to
rest, is my earnest wish—and I shall not fail to add
my mite to aid in the good work.
I remain, yours. &C.,
STEWART ELTON.
Birmingham, March 8, 1852.

THE LAST OF THE MARSHALS OF

NAPOLEON.
Marshal Marmont, Duke de Raguse, who has just
died at Venice, was born at Chatillon-sur• Seine, on
the 20th June, 1774. In 1789 he was attached as
sub-lieutenant to a regiment of infantry, and in
1792 made his first campaign with the army of the
Alps, as sub-lieutenant of artillery. In 1797 he was
attached to the staff of General Bonaparte, and in
1797 was sent by him from Italy to present to the
Directory 32 flags, which had been taken from the
enemy. He formed part of the expedition to
Egypt, and returned to Prance with the General-
in-Chief. After the 18 Brumaire, be was
named Councillor of State, and Commandant-
in-Chief of the reserves of the Artillery. He made
the campaign of 1800, and after the battle of Marengo
was raised to the rank of Inspector-General of Artil-
.lery.. He commanded the army of Holland in 1806.
He carried on the siege of Ragusa, and occupied the
territory of the old Ragusian Republic until 1809.
He took part in the battle of Wagram, and after that
campaign was made Marshal of the Empire, and
where
him.d then He made
of Duke de Raguse conferred upon
and Dresden.
made all the campaigns of Germany,
be commanded a corps darrnee. He was
junotioni
of Bllvueilith
present at the apes of Lutzen, Bautzen, Wurtzen,
1814, he received orders to
form a
Mar-
mont occupied the Butter' Marshal Mortier to keep
and to cover Paris. back the army
he
opened
Saint-Chaumont, but, in-
steadiegotiations with the
Prince de Schwartzenbeernepdani
of fighting,
Louis XVII. gave the
his body guard
command of one of the companies
to the Duke de Raguse, and he iestisf
the King. On the second Restorarteido t 9 Ghent with
Paris. 411 en3o
offexile in a foreiir
was disbanded. In 1826 he represennt his
company
France at
the coronation of the Emperor Niebolase
thathe had ad
periodth the commandbehas
been of thea
voluntaryar m y o
land. His name had been struck out from the list of
the marshals of France, and a black, veil. covered hi,
portrait in the Salle des Marechaux at the Palace of
the Tuileries.

A Edition, Vol. 6.—This is
STRICKLAND.—New and Revise,. .
LIVES OF THE QUVENS OF ENGLAND.—,-BY AONEs
interesting volumes. It is devoted to t
one of the most pleasing and welcornehoeflißfeßosfstShterbieekallannidfu'sl
and unfortunate Mary Beatrice of Modena, Queen of James
H. The bioci-raphy of this Princess has never before been
written, while the allusions to her in English history are
slight 'and hays proceeded from no friendly pens, and' yet
ihere was perhaps no Queen of England whose life abounds
in circumstances of more touching interest. AS Miss Strick-
land truly remarks "There are ep ' ochs in her life when she
comes before us in her beauty, her misfortunes, her conjugal
tenderness
tragedyand or romance
pion
Etteirteiiuti‘ygiig
likel one of the distressed
of adverse destiny," The matenials'for the life of the consort
of the last Of the Stuart Kings. . • d from
were chiefly derived
unpublished letters and procureddocuments. from the secret
archives of France through the influence
.
against the decrees
of M. sec.—
Morning Chronicle.
__, _

DEATH Or SIM WM. JACKSON HOMAN, BAAL-
This venerable baronet died a few days since at the advanced
[lgo of 82. The deceased married, in 1797,
the second
daughter of the first Marquis of Bute, by whom (who
died; in 1847) he leaves, with other issue, a son, Philip
George•Staart, bora in 1,80, and. successor to
the title and
estates,

'S ?MIT of tire—PUBLIC JOURNALS:
Preeident of-the Board of Trade
has Added another safe, and inglorious triumph to the
Derby campaign; and has expressed himself on the oc-
casion as cautiouslyeas the rest of the Cabinet. The
'Riatitrllan. Gentleman avowed long ago that there were
no facts". on which to go to the country for Proteo-
- Like...nod that is very Mitch the line 'which he has taken
on the hastioge. Some new and extraordinary facts
havegiven au unexpected turn to the question. Famine
and emigration have brought, us a Natantl relief from the
pros ure which threatened the market of labour; while
California has._ ultimately stayed the: depreciation of
produce by increasing the great medium of exchange.
Neither the labourer nor the landlord has suffered as
much as some had expected, and the tenant farmer and
occupiers of land have had to bear the chief brunt of the
trensitien. ",It had chanced that the blow had fallen
almost entirely upon them." Our reporter was
probably too intent on his notebook to observe
the effect of this touching piece of sympathy on
the three hundred gentry and tenant-farmers, be-
dizened with orange and blue favours, who formed
Mr. Henley's Pim.oriate guard. Deulitless they wept,
thou h' it must have oecurn d to some of them, that if
the tenant was the only ore of the agricultural trio that
suffered by free trade, the landlord was at least able to
help , MreHenley's remarks on -the acfual history
of fie e`trade, as cotapared with previous anticipations,
are valuable, and only defective in ;bar tone, Ishtar, wo
cannot help eeyinee grudges patriotism its sagacity, and
Providence its wisdom. We :speak not' merely of our-
selves, but of theeeneral body of kiwis who, now seven
years ago, wen advccating free trade in the prime ne-
cessaries of life; that they proceeded not merely on 'a
financial calculation, but on a firm reliaace that in this
ever-changing scene, where we knees not what an hour
may brilfg for tb, a tree and natural polio), is safer than
an artificial one; as the former will probably be
rewarded by- events, the latter as probably de-
feated., It is, then, uncandid and unjust to tell
the Free-traders . that they have had better success
than they deserve ; still taore so, considering Mr.
Henley's other admissions, to say, without expla-
nation, but not without inuendo, that since " the great
changes made in the laws affecting the trade and com-
merce of this country we have been afflicted throughout
the length and breadth of the land." What can be the
meaning of such a remark in a man who confesses that
the case for protection has disappeared? We must take
the liberty of telling Mr. Henley that such words, framed
as they are to evade literal contradiction, do not the less
aggravate the, positive eausen. with which a large part of
this people regard a ProtectiOnist. Government, though
purged ever so much of its financial offences. Thus far,
then, the ground is sufficiently clear for any operations
which 'Lord Derby may think necessary to extricate
himself, his party, and his country, from their several
embariasyments. What use he, wilt make of this °olive-
rttly° liberty of action next. 'Mondaynot to-morrow,
as had been expected—remaina to be seen, and perhaps
to be determined. In the meantime. it is credibly
stated that the Cabinet which undertakes to wind
up this long and disagreeable controversy is not
without its "share of the storm that rages around. In
this last hour-of the Protectionist delusion the lauded in-
terest infighting to the uttermost as well for honour as
for profit. Like the Parisian Socialists who boasted with
drunken rage at the February Revolution, " We will not
be deceived." this time! " the Protectionist squires are-
preparing their direst imprecations for those who are the
last to desert them. The class that utters these threats
is unscrupulous, bulky, and compact. They aro as dan-
gerous to be provoked as the. Eumenides, or the goblins
of later mythology. They are the men bat boast they
have a stake in the country, though, in truth, they have
far less stake in- the prosperity, the good government,
the peace of the country, than the poorest artisan ; for,
white they will enjoy their acres for their time at least,
come what will after, tho artisan has no solid ground, no
rest for his foot, except in good order and general pros-
perity. The well- being of the community is the condi-
tion of his existence; everything that he has is pledged
to his country, and he is himself' a perpetual hostage. A
slight error of, legislation may darken all his prospects,
or banish him from his country, if it smite him not to
the earth. He rises and falls, he breathes freely or is
stifled; the very-blood flows in his veins with the fluc-
tuations of trade and the vicisitudes.of public confidence'
and credit. Such is the case of the artisan. It is the
wealthy proprietor who is armed against any probable
amount of national calamity. He has something to fall
back upon. National ruin is a remote and improbable
idea; but, unless he is very imprudent, that is the only
event that can strip him of his acres. This is the class
—so insensible to the immediate results of bad legisla-
tion, that is now throwing the whole of its weight 'in
favour. of a factious obstinacy, and what is more,
fl-tiers itself that at least its pride will be saved in the
decision.. It is confidently boasted that Lord Derby will
not betray the squires, and that next Monday will remove
altdoubt.on this point,.by the promise of an attempt
tore-impose a five shilling duty on corn. So on an al-
:laced 'point of honour Lord. Derby is required to sacri-
fica_bothrhis party and his country, for the interests of
both are indubitably involved in an early renunciation of
the Protectionist policy. Of course, the Premier him-
self has little claim to our pity, for be has been merciless
to the inconsistencies of more then one Government, and
certainly has done much to retard the settlement of this
question. But, if his country has a paramount claim to
his duty, his course is quite clear. He did not come in
on Protection, and he has no call whatever to put. that
question to the country. If it is to be put, and if we
are to witness a convention of the people to
answer " Yee" or " No" to Free Trade, with
the certainty that 'the " Yee" will be irrever-
sible, others may think it their place to summon
that convention and put that interrogatory; they
may think se naturally and justly; but we cannot
see why Lord Derby is called upon to do so. He is
neither bound to put the question nor to abide by the
answer; for, should a majority be returned pledged to a
duty on corn, we can hold no man bound to accept that
answer, and rc- 'pen the controversy. But then it will
not be enough ler the new Ministry merely to abstain
from that controversy. , Lord Derby has justly de-
scribed his lino of duty as the more useful and humble
part, and the people of England certainly expect a cor-
responding " humility" of tone: We cannot go on long
tieing governed by men who .proclaim their attachment
to one set of principles,_ while they admit the necessity
of acting by another, for 'a
country that permits such
an inconsistency in its rulers must render itself ridicu-
lous in the eyes of the world, and expect soon to witness
other divergencies between
principle and practice.
-Statesmen• must not expect to w sa)appearancesaearances at
the expense of their country's good fame. If they are
wrong, they must confess it, and make all the amends in
.
.their-power.

- • THE ASYLUM FOR 113107 W.
Yesterday
evening, the fourth anniversary of this
charity was celebrated by a public dinner at the London
Tavern, with the Earl of Carlisle in the chair, sup-
ported by Lord 'lnbert Grosvenor, M.P., Viscount
Ebrington, 2.1. P., Mr. Samuel M. Peto M.P., and Mr.
Alderman Wire. The general company comprised
about 150 persona. • In proposing the toast of the
evening—" Saccess to the Asylum for Idiots"—the Earl
of Carlisle made an eloquent appeal to the company on
behalf of those who could not plead for themselves, but
who were, nevertheless, worthy of the benevolence of all
humane and intelligent beings. The chairman's appeal
was mest,nobly responded to, as appeared from a list of
'subscriptions read by the secretary, which amounted to
no 'leis a sum than 3,700/. Among the subscribers to
this sum were read the names of Samuel M.
Pete, Big., M.P., for 1,0001..; R. Fox, Esq., 105/. ; the
Earl of Carlisle, 15/. 155.; Viscount Ebrington, 101. 10s.;
Lord R. Grosvenor, 101. 10s.• W. Monk, Esq., 214; J.
11. Shepherd, Eeq., 4001.; drs. E. Pollen, 1051.; Rev.
D. D. Morrell, 1001.; and Hon. Emily Eden, lot 10s.
Lord ROBERT GROSVENOR proposed the health of the
Noble Chair Man, which was enthusiastically received by
the company.
Mr.' PETO, in responding to the health of the Presi-
dent of the society, took occasion to impress -upon the
company the urgent necessity of raising a " building
fund," in order to establish a building in which the
highly important objects of classification could be car-
ried ou'.

From the report which was laid on the table, it ap-
pears that tht.re are at present in the establishment 195
individuals, and that in even the worst of the cases'
among this number .very considerable amelioration had
been effected by the system pursued in the asylum.

ROYAL LITERARY Futio.—:—Yesterday the sixty-
second annual general meeting of the subscribers to this in-
stitution, founded to administer assistance to authors of ge-
nius and leerning, irrespective of country or creed, reduced
to distresi by unavoidable calamities, or deprived by en-
feebled faculties or declining life of the power of literary ex-
ertion—was held at the offices, Groat Russell-street •, 'Sir
Ebert Harry Inglis, Bart., M.P., in the chair, supported by
Benjamin Bond Cabbell, Esq., M.P., Sir Henry Ellis, Sir J,
P. Jodrell, Bart., Dr. Forbes, and other gentlemen distin-
guished in literature and science. The secretary, 0. Blewitt,
Esq., brought forward the report, which stated that the sum
of 1,6351. had, during the course of the past year, been dis-
tributed in relief among distressed authors and their fami-
lies, making a total sum of 40,535/. so applied since the com-
mencement of the institution. This report was ananimously
adopted.' The Right Hon. the Marquis of Lansdowne
officers , pwerere-
sident, the vice-presidents,. council, and other
re-elected; Charles Baldwin, Esq., was elected to the vaeant
office of treasurer, and Bolton Arney, Esq., to that of audtor.
A day was then fixed for the anniversary dinner, to be pre-
sided over by Lord Campbell, and the proceedings terminated
LONDON INSTITUTIOI4.-0118 of the monthly
institution in Finsbury-circus, and
soirees of this association was held yesterday evening at
Iwi(eirrreosrshaodf was very well at-
-0 In the library were displayed a great many inter-
r
eatingconstructed bjecttof science and art, such as microscopes, talbot-
Mr. H. White letittieci•Oloit:lktbs.e.
orierci.oforrther, the means of our national defences,
'YP ' -/ac'sintiles of interesting coins, &c., and even the
effecetaey by
the 'theatre of the institution. *pistols with multitudinous barrels
his lecture td a
and the second to a brief narra-
In
microscopethe cours ea
nodf theits euvseensiiil
in
-n,ot. He devoted the first part of
structure of
its assistance. He
described the improvements,
the microscope,and a description of the
lion of the wonders of nature rev
lens down to the many combinations, from the rude single
pointed out the different methods ernl now employed, and
cal aberration and to' prodUce perfecit) o,;veehd to correct spheii-
nearer approach to these two conditions thr°lflaisin, fur the
instrument; and concluded by a very an? more perfect the
the great knowledge that has been acquired, and
picture of
greater results that may be expected from the improvementsandte still
that are being daily made in its construction. e

The advices from the various continental Exchanges
show in most quarters an increasing abundance of mofi-ey
The railway advance,s of the Bank of France are not, it aii...
limited; to the lines possessing Government guaran.
Seine strictness, however, is exercised with regard to
the total of each individualloan, and occasionally borrowers
on shares find the accommodation party counteracted by
their being allowed a less amount of discount. In Piedmont,
owing to the ease of the moiler market,. the- Government
rears,
rs'
have beep. able to reduce the interest 0 the floating debt.

M. BILLA ULT.

I , TUESDAY.—The appointment of M. Billault
1 to the Presidency of th..i,g Chamber, as efli.
I PARIS T
who met for that and Legislative Chamber,
• cially announced this morninga in the Moniteur, was
' only decided yesterday after a good deal of hesitation.
i‘Tilli
nehsti:rbsj subject was lebnugsitnhesbsythe
to accept. the office, after aantdsoomtheer
yes-
terday at the Elys6o. Of M. Billault's willingness
coquetry, neither the
seemed to have any b President nor his advisers
perhaps the usual show of
do M. Billault had no seat
in the last Assembly, ut.
though he was a member of
the Constituent, having
He had obtained by ng been elected for the
Loire-Inferieure
more than 88,000 suffrages.
Considerable celebrity as an ad-
vocate at Nantes and was member of the Council
General of, the Department e in 1837, when two col-
leges of the department named him Deputy-.e He be-
gan his Parliamentary career in the ranks of the Op-
josition by a vehement on " electoral corrup-
tion,',e
and another on th
fo-
reign countries. Hii
relations of France with
hostility to the Cabinet, and
e..peoially to what were t
Opposi-
tion the " English tendencies" 9 termed by the
of M. Guizot, was in-
cessant and uncompromising, 1n.1842 this was still
more insrked during the strong debates on the Right
lof Search; and in the '
subsequent
llimself of the excitement
session he skilfully
and unscrupulously availed
occasioned by the Pritchard
the Government. Duringlrindemnity to denounce
Admi-
njstration he was named Under-Secretary of State
U I.
Thiers' short
in the department of Commerce
The celebrated Timon (M. de Cormenin)
and Agriculture.
Cormenin) has passed
the following judgment on
Billault :
~ Billault is the most remark
orators, and if he was moreable of all the incipient
precise
would be, as another Phocion, the axe to the in his addresses he
es
of M. duiz)t, the second De speech
Demosthenes. M. Billault
has quite as much of political
principles as a lawyer can
well have; and much more, in
any case, than is requi-
site for a Minister in our day.
M. Thiers he loves to revel, like I,s the Lieutenant of
pere-
grinations by land and sea. I do his General, in
not mean that M.
Billault may not be some day a very useful Minister, in
public
no matter what branch of the revenue. He is
not bound by any precedent either to the Right or to
the Left. He has his petites entrées
at the Louvre with-
out being eithelf butler or pantler. Re enjoys the good
graces of the Opposition without beingl obliged to put
his fingers on the glowing coals of ladidalism. As a
speaker, be is ready for anything, rushes on, beats a re-
treat, and returns to the onset with the same rapidity
of evolution, &c."
It is not yet forgotten that in
the •
various Minis-
terial crises during the (Presidency
M. Billault's
name was more than once mentioned,
and on one re-
markable, and not remote, occasion he was very near
accepting office.
M. Billault being by general consent endowed with
so marvellous a facility of elocution, it has occasioned
some surprise that he should consent to fill the most
silent and passive of all poets in the new Assembly,
from which both eloquence and action
in will be ha-
rushed. He separated from M. Thiersthe Consti-
tuent on the question of the Right of Labour, and it
is not stated that this Socialist tint has beenf got rid
of. Perhaps his political principles are not such a
straight-laced nature as to refuse all compromiseorr ; or
he may have believed that on the occasion
the wind was setting in from that quarter. eerred to
Thereof was
a period when the Presidency of the Chamber Dep-
uties was one of high honour. Whatever ma
of the honour under present circumstances, may be said
the post
has not ceased to be lucrative. The new
80 President
will in all probability have not less than 000 o
perhaps Inn ruin
..,,,,,,,,, francs as salary, and the ' 'r
hotel near the Legislative Palace for residence. splendid All
this would be a strong temptation to a stillsterner
patriot, and such compensation is not insufficient
for
three
months' direction of the dull routine of business
in the new Chamber of Deputies.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
DONCASTER SPRING MEETING—WEDNESDAY.
The Hopeful Stakes of 5 sous. each, and 50 added; for
two yrs old colts, Bst 71b; fillies and geldings, Bst 31b;
winners 31b extra. Half a mile. (15 Subs.)
Mr. J. Dawson na f Anteverta (Basham) 1
Mr. Morris's King David (Bumby) 2
Mr. J. Scott's Eaton ............................. (Holmes) 3
.
Lord Chesterfield's cby Hetman Platoff .., (Nat) 0
Mr. Osborne's Bold Davie ....
......... (Osborne, jun.) 0
(G. Simpson) 0
Betting-5 to 2 agst King
David, 3 to 1 each apt
Mr. C. Spence's Poetess ...........
Anteverta. and Eaton, and 5 to 1 agst Hetman Platoff
colt. Won by half a length; a neck between second and
third; Bold Davie a bud fourth. Run in 52 secs.
The Doncaster Handicap Stakes of 10 sm. each, 5 ft,
and 3 only if declared, with 100 soya, added, the se-
cond to save his stake. St. Leger Course. (46 Subs.,
22 of whom pay 3 sous. each.)
Mr. J. Scott na Hyacinth, 6st 111 b ... (E. Harrison) 1
Mr. W. Stebbing's Knook-Knoll, 7st 101 b (Basham) 2
Mr. G. Barton's Calculator, 4 yrs, Bst 121 b (G. Oates) 3
Mr. J.Wilkins's Abbess of Jervaux, 7st 71b (Charlton) 4
Mr. Martinson's View Halloo, 6 yrs, Bst 51b (Simpson) 0
Mr. J. Osborne's The Proctor, 7st 81b (Osborne, jun.) 0
hlr. C. Peck na La Fiancée, 5 yrs, 7st 81b (Aldcroft) 0
Mr. J. Gill's b c by Irish Birdcatcher, out of Flower
of the Tees, 3 yrs, 6st 51b
Mr. Ch. Thorpe na, zit. Michael, sst 101 b (1-layboe) 0
Mr. T. Wilkinson's Dismay; 3 yrs, sst 101 b... (Alla) 0
Mr. 'l'. Lister's Lizzy, 3 yrs, sst Blb (Kendal) 0
Betting-4 to 1' each agst Hyacinth and linook-
Knoll, 5 to I cgit Proctor, 8 to 1 agst La Fiancé-,, and
10 to 1 agst auy other. Won very
easily by a length
and a half, the same between second and third, and
half a length between
third ;tad fourth. Run in 3 min.
21 sec.

The Municipal Stakes of 5 sovs, each,
and 40 added, for
3 yrs old and upwards; the. second to save his stake.
Sr. Leger Course. ( )
(Cheri
4 Subs.
Mr. Baker's Emma, 4 yrs, 7st 61b (30/)... ton) 2
1
Mr. S. Hall's Jack Rag (late Mogador), 3
Bst 41b (301)
M. R. Briggs's Slapdash, aged, 7st 6ib (301.) *********
Mr. Hesseltine's The Setter, 4 yrs, 7st 91b (301•)•••."
4
Betting-6 to 4 each agst Emma and The Setter.
Won by a length. Run in 3 min. 31 secs.
v
The Sheffield and Rotherham Handicap of 5 8,(:". each,
and 40 added. One mite. (15 Subs.)
Mr. G. Barton's The Surveyor, 3yrs,6 st 91b (Aldcroft) 1
Mr. Osborne's Proctor, 4 yrs, Bst 21b (Osborne, jun.) 2
Mr. 11. Stebbing's Sir Charles Napier, 3
y rs, 6st 13Ib 3
Mr. Harrison's Miss Fanny, 4 yrs, 7st 101 b 4
Mr. Sumner nd Merry Maid, 7st 41b (carried 21b over) 0
T
Mr. T. Smallwood's The win, 4 yrs, 6st 13th 0
Mr. U. Austin's Brawn, 3 yrs, 6st 51b 0
Betting-7 to 4 agst Sir Charles Napier, 3to I agst
The Surveyor, and sto 1 agst Miss Fanny. Won by
half a length, the same between second and third, the
fourth well up. Run in 1 min. 45 sec.
The Innkeepers' Stakes of 3 soya. each, and 20 added,
for three yrs old and upwards; T.Y.C. (4
„8111"., 1)
Mr. Ryder's Lady Ilesketh, 3 yrs (201.)...(0' Oates)
Mr. Baker's Emma, 4 yrs (201.)
Mr. H. Stebbing's Cent°, 3 yrs (201.) ............... 3
Mr. John Pears' Ariel, 5 yrs (201) •••••.• (Arran) 4
5
Mr. Haywood's Houton Lass, 5 yrs (201.)
Won easy. Two
.heats were run for this race, the
horses having in the first been started by mistake at the
Champage post--it was won by a neck by Lady Hes-
ketb, Cerito second.
STEEPLECHASE BETTING AT SIX O'CLOCK.
DONCASTER, .. : ......... (Simpson) 2
5, to 2 agst Miss Mowbray I 5 to 1 agat Sir Peter Laurie
NORTHAXPTON RANDIcAP.
8 to 1 agat Cariboo.
LATEST STEEPLECHASE BETTING.
58
ctt ooRIIO
aux: agst
0410; 1,
vrot
AtOhnieTtri
(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)
6 to 4 agst bliss Mowbray
PARR, 1852.
MORNING.
5 to 2 agst Sir Peter Laurie
Acceptances for the Granby Handicap.
Alonzo, 5 yrs, 12at 81b--Clath-worker, 6 yrs, list
131b—Chief Justice, 5 yrs, list 101b—Lough Bawn, 4
yrs, list 61b—Agis, aged, list 61b—Darkie; 5 yrs, list
61b—Sir Robert. 5 yrs, list 51b—Brother to Dough, 5
yrs, list 41b—Faux Pas, 4 yrs, I Ist 31b—Herbert, 6
yrs, llst llb—Loadstone, aged, list—Warwick, 5 yrs,
lOst 111b-201
lOst 131b—Jack in Corner, 5 yrs lOst 121b—John of
Estafette, 5 yrs, lOst 31b—Ischia, 4 yrs, lOst lib—Don
Juan, 6 yrs, lOst Ilb—Cyclops, 4 yrs, 9st 1
us, 4 yrs, lOst 111b-
31b—The rest
Acceptances for the Gold Cup.
Clothworker, 6 yrs,
pleyr Berwick,
12st 41b—
Chief Justice, 5 yrs,
list Ilb—Darkie, 5 yrs, list
1 Ilb..—Herbert, 6 yrs, list
51b—Lough Etawn, 4 yrs, I Ist 101b--Harpsichord, 4
VsseaYchrs.'
yrs, lOst 71b—Is.chia, 4 yrs, lost 21b---Don Juan, 6 yrs,
lOst 21b—Cyclops, 4 yrs, 9st 13.
Weights for the Handicap of 15 soya each.
B!. s. by Prince Caradoc, Miss Julia Bennett, 4 yrs,
Bst 771b—The Incurable, 4 yrs, 7st 121b—Bardolph, 3
ystrs,
31b. st 10—Evadue, 3 yrs, 7st 61b--Senoritce, 3 yrs,
7

COURT CIRCULAR.
OSBORNp
--, WEDNESDAY:
The Queen and Prince took an early Walk yesterday
morning.
The Prince of Wales, the Princess Royal, and the
younger branches of the Royal P ;1
also took their
usual exercise in the grounds.

01)08noenirye thed
ne s d Firstay next,
will hold her first assembly at
The Hon. William Cowper had an interview with Mr.
Secretary Walpole yesterday, at the lime-office. Mr.
the 17th inst.
Chisholm Anstey, M.P., bad also an interview with the
Lord of the Treasury
Mr. Varker, of NorthamptonN (Justice of the Peace),
and Mr. John Latehmere, of
aoirtlimPton, had an in-
terviewßight with Mr. Secretary dNV . i
P?.e yesterday, at the
Home-Afiee, and submitted depositions on behalf of the
condemned convict, Elizabeth rineltard.

oft -sioerc'lear a harbour as
---___
has not been
that of Livet pool now presents for outward-bound ships.
Often, during the present year, as
na,inly as 100, and on two
an AinstCanLcelfitor
or three occasions 150 ships, a e peen waiting to proceed
to sea. Yesterday, afternoon, however, the seven follow-
ing ships were all that remained,_b from all causes, in the
• h had eela mad
port, the entries of which
i3tl3oellT;s—tPt erno3b•eabrisy
Eurek eat the Custom-
house to the previoui evening: a, for Jamaica ; Brisk,
t •
tor. Azores ; Don Pedro, for Hay i, Tom Roberts, for Naples !
Heroine, for St. Michael's; Renner, for R... ,
'''' '.I. homas ; anu
13srica, for Trieste.
LORD RODEN.—It is confidently stated that the
new Irish Government intend tO' reinstate Lord Roden in
the commission of the peace.

PROPOSED RAILWAY CAPITAL FOR
_NEW RAILWAY. WORKS.
The following is a careful statist:lna! statement, com-
piled from the various official estimates laid beforo
Parliament by the undermentioned railway companies,
applying for Acts for now works this s"ssion, and in-
volving the raising of addition capital:-
alsingstoke and Salisbury ... ••• ...£280,000
Bristol and Exeter (Yeovil branch) ... 23,594
Chester and Liolyheau (Extensions) ... 380,000
Corris and Machjrnidetti Railway ... ••. 12,000
Cork and Bandon ... ..• ... 40,000
Deeside ..„ ••• ..• ... 106,000
Derbyshire, Staffordshire, and Worcestershire 79,000
Dorchester and Exeter Coast ... 490,000
Dundalk and Enniskillen ... 227,200
East Anglian (Daviations and new lines) ... 35,000
Eastern Counties (to River Nene) ... 18,315
Eastern Counties (Junction with East and
West India Docks) ••• •
50 000
Eastern: Union and Great Northern Jurcion 120 000
Edinburgh and Glasgow •• ••• - 4,000
Exeter and Yeovil ••• ••• •• 650,000
Forest of Dean Central... •
20;000
Furness and Pilo Harbour ••• 45,000
Frome, Yeovil, and Weymouth
... 550,000
Great Western (Parchaso of.,7;Kennett and
Avon Canal)
Bells and Cavan ••• •••
Leeds, Bradford, and Halifax Junction
Leven ••• ••• •••
Lancishire and 'Yorkshire •••
Limerick and Foynes ..„
London and North- Wostern and Buckingham-
shire .. 50,000
London and North-Western (Chester to Birk-
enhead and 'Branches) ... 550,000
Londonderry and Enniskillen and Coleraine 152,000
London, Tilbury, and Southend ... 400,000
Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire ... 83,000
Middlesburgh and Guisburgh 72,000
Midland Great Western of Ireland (Longford
and Cavan Branches)
Monmotithshire Railway
Newmarket and Chesterford •..•
North and South-Western and Brighton and
Dover Junction (Wandsworth to Croydon) 85,000
North Staffordshire (Sandbach to Birkenhead
and Colwich to Wolverhampton) ... 300,000
North-Western
Nuneaton and Leicester ... 150,000
Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton (Ex-
tension of Time, &c.) . . ... • 72,000
Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton (Ex-
tension, Wolvercot to Oxford) ... ... 70,000
Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton (Wol-
vercot to Brentford) ... 830,000
Shrewsbury and Chester ... 17000
Shropshire Union (Branches) ..• ... 322 789
Somersetshire Central ... ... 48,000
South Staffordshire 178,000
South Yorkshire (Isle of Axholme Extension) 300,000
Vale of Neath ... 72,000
Wolverhampton Junction ... 104,000
Worcester and Hereford 220.000
York and North Midland ... 60,000
York, Newcastle, and Berwick (Bishop Auck-
land branch) •• ... • 190,000
York, Newcastle, and Berwick (Thirsk and
Melton branch) ...

••• 10,000
••• 181,000

••• 185,000
••• ' ••• 20,000
••• ••• 15,000
... 120,900

300,000
... 80,000
73,000

... 100,000

Total ... £3,642,428

RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS.
LONDON AND NORITI-WESTERN RAILWAY.—Return of
Traffic for the week ending
. March 7:—
Passengers, parcels, &c. £22,262 5 7*
Merchandise ... ... 17,897 5 9
Cattle ... 1,013 17 3

Total ... £41,173 8 7
Corresponding week last year ... 39,404 12 3
Note.—The returns as published are exclusive of the
traffic of the Huddersfield Canal and Shropshire Union, North
Union, Preston and Wyre, South Junction, Manchester and
Buxton, and Buckinghamshire Railways, and of the propor-
tion of traffic deducted under agreement with the North
Staffordshire Company.
* Liverpool races.

THE GRZAT NORTHERN RAILWAY.—(MiIes in work, 241 i)
—Return of Traffic for the Week ending Feb. 29, 1852:
Passengers, parcels, carriages,
horses, dogs, and mails ... .£4,38S 211
Merchandise and minerals ... 6,259 16 5
Cattle ... 156 5 1

Total .. £10,802 4 5
Corresponding week, 1851 (236 miles):—
Passengers, parcels, &c. ... £3,861 12 3
Merchandise, Cattle, &c. ... 3,901 15 11

Total ... ....E7,763 8 2
LONDON AND SOUTH-WESTERN RAILWAY.—Amount of
Traffic for the week ending March 7:—
Passengers ... £6,500 19 1
Goods ... .•• ... 2,376 17 9

Total ... £8,877 16 10
Corresponding week last year... 8,522 8 1

LANCASHIRE AND YORKSHIRE RAILWAY. (260 miles
open.)—Traffic for week ending Mar. 7....£16,477 8 3
Corresponding week in last year (260
miles open) .. ...£14,328 12 1
NORTH STAFFORDSHIRE RAILWAY. - (Miles 0pen,112.)
Return of traffic for the week ending Feb. 29 :
Railway and canal ... £4,687 0 0
Corresponding week last year ... 4,585' 0 0

Note. —The above is exclusive of the receipts available
under the agreement with the London and North-Western
Railway Company.
CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAILWAY.--Traflic for the
week ending March 7:—