The Sun.
London, England, 1852-11-04 00:00:00

PLENDID LIKENESS OF SOULT

EVER TAKEN,
BY TV YO/V,

FOR Vi-HICH THE MARSHAL SAT SIX TIMES,
IS THIS DAY PUBLISHED,
AT THE SUN OFFICE, 112, STRAND,

PRICE SIXPE2VCE.
Sun Office, Nov. 4, 1852.

WOR WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.

TOM DAT ...-Morninv 56 min. after 5 Evening 22 min. after 6
To-Aioaaow—Morning 61 Lain. atter 6 Evening s 4 min. after 7

'FUR WEATHER.—Star Oriften, Nov. 4.
TIT ItRYOMETER, IN THE SHADS.
55 —2igheat s'rno noon yesterday.
40—'owl this morning and daring the night
54 —'bis day, at noon.

BAI OMSTRI4 29.92.

WIND, s.E.—Cloudy and mild weathPr.

DAILY IV EATH ER. TA i3L E.

Stote of the Wind and Weather at each of the following
pt,:cee at Nine o'clock yesterday morning.—The stations
arr. urr,anged in order of latitude.
Helm :gas—Wind S.W., fresh breeze—partially cloudy.
Seirmexprois—Wind S.W.. strong breeze—overcast.
ForAmsToisg—Wind S.W., light breeze—overcast.
Turasninofr—lVind S. W.. gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
BASINGSTOKE—Wind N.E., gentle breeze—slight rain.
vitEEN e WU— Wind S.W.,gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
&mon—Wind S.W., gentle breeze—cloudless.
Swrimoy—S. W. gentle breeze—partially cioudy.
Cot.ctiEsTrns— S.W., gentle breeze—line.
CAM.BRIDGE—S.W.' gentle breeze—cloudless.
I Alimouttl—Wind S.W., gentle breeze—cloudless.
the return from the following places indicate the state of
the wind and weather en Tuesday morning at nine

o',••••c's
S.E., calm—partially cloudy.
pr,rxt--Wind S.W., gentle breeze—rain.
H ST XGS—Wind S.W., gentle breeze—overcast.
1104..1941Ali—Wind S.W., strong breeze - partially cloudy.
LANcAsTEu—Wiud S. gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
Dauctisarox—Wind S., gentle breeze—partially cloudy.
Sukr—Wind S.W., gekAle breeze—partially cloudy.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
We cannot undertake to return rej-cted communica-
tions.

4.7 t 0:111 A
A ( v.tey

el7h-j,11.1t 334 t

LONDON, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1852.

Immediately before the assemblieg of Parliament,
the people of England have enjoyed the privilege of
listening to the opinions entertained at the present
juncture, by one no less eminently qualified to pro-
nounce upon the events of the past, or upon the pro-
Ppects of the future than the Right Hon. THOMAS
BARINGTON BIACAULAY. 1141 oration delivered by
that eminent man, on Tuesday afternoon, before his
constituents at Edinburgh, comprises within it a
variety of characteristic peculiarities, commanding for
it the fulness of the popular consideration. Every-
thing conspired, indeed, to invest the remarks that
might fall at this moment from the lips of Mr. Ma-
c.timey, with an interest of very !-inglibr importance.
During the five last years, the lips of the orator had
been sealed. His genius had within that interval
been concentrating its (rizrgies altnoA exclusively
upon the sedate and secludtd labours of the historian.
e "4 withdrawn altogether from the anxieties
devolving upon
g uPon the Adwiniotrator, and from the
agitating influences
i\i surrounding the existence of the
more
activethe
imi hers of Parliament. Recalled to
by
public life
the
unuvo.ice of his former supporters—
elected by
possessors of the frat7bn:'ll3 decision of the Liberal
in the Capital of Scotland
—chosen by them spo.ni" t
tive in the popular braticuhe"ufslY as their representa-
the Legislature—Mr.
MACAULAY has permitted the
pen be for a v.hile abstracted from
his the annalist to
grasp ; he has
allowed the scroll to be swept frothLis table, and
cod to
replaced by the Blue Book ;11e teas
abandon the allurements of (rwlitien, an a to nsente
once more in the struggles of debate; he has take Part
allowed
his patriotism to predominate over his predilections ;
he has obeyed the summons of his country, and
in in doing so, has magnanimously, for a time,
closed his ears against the persuasive calls of litera.
tare. It was under such circumstances that Mr
MacaunAr, on Tuesday afternoon, presented himself
again before the Liberal electors of Edinburgh. It
was only very recently, moreover, that be had par-
tially recovered from a prdtracted and severe attack
of indisposition. Scarcely any wonder, therefore, i!3

it that no ordinary emotions were excited by the
tardy but cordial meeting between such a constitu-
ency and such a representative.
Naturally enough, on first addressing the electors
of Edinburgh, after so long a separation, Mr Ma-
. CAULAY reverted,lin a rather solemn and pensive strain,
to the changes which had occurred since he last ap-
peared before them in the character of their repre-
sentative alluding in a more especial manner
to the more remarkable losses by death which
within that interval the nation at large has experi-
enced. After lamenting the sorrows of a somewhat
more private, because more local, character, incurred
by himself and his constituents by reason of the suc-
cessive demise of GIBsON CRAIG and FRANCIS JEF-
FREY, the orator pointed with a turn of impressive
pathos to the more conspicuously vacant places left by
the passage of time in the ranks of the former Parlia-
ment. In the House of Commons, said he, " I shall
look in vain for virtues which I loved, and abilities I
admired." Amongst others, he exclaimed, " I shall
remember with regret how much eloquence and wit,
how much acuteness and knowledge, how many en-
gaging qualities, how many fair hopes, are buried in
the grave of poor CHARLES BULLER." Scarcely less
earnest were his commemorative panegyrics upon the
services performed to their country by two other il-
lustrious personages, whom he had left at the
height of power, but who have, nevertheless, both
of them disappeared the one of civil, the
other of military, celebrity—the one the oracle
of the House of Commons, the other the oracle of the
House of Lords—the DUKE of WELLINGTON, whose
victories had guarded the country from the chances of
invasion—and Sir ROBERT PEEL, whose services bad
saved it from the, if possible, yet more fearful perils
of revolution. Within the past five years, moreover,
Mr. MACAULAY reminded his hearers, that death had
not been the only innovator. " Never," said be,
" since the origin of the race have there been five
years more fertile of great events—five years which
have left behind them a more awful lesson." In re-
calling to memory the long agony of those trouble-
ous years of disaster, the orator showed how nation
had waged war against nation, and class against class,
and how even he—the sanguine believer in the in-
destruotability of civilization—stood aghast in the
presence of so many calamities. He acknow-
ledged, of course, that he still bore in
recollection the assertion of ADAM SMITH and of
EDWARD GIBBON, that the world could never again,
as in the ancient times, be ravaged by the terrors of
a barbaric inundation. He remembered that they
argued, and argued too with sufficient reason, whence
were to come the Huns and the Vandals that should
again destroy civilization ? But he saw that while
the civilized portions of the earth preponderated
over the savage, that there would still grow
up under the shadow of our palaces, in the
hearts of our capitals, in the midst of our
political pomps and our social luxuries, " a race of
Huns fiercer than those who marched under ATILLA,
and Vandals more bent on destruction than those who
followed GENsERIC,"—has he not already described
them in one of the last pages of the second volume of
his magnificent history ?—" Heathens in the midst of
Christianity, and savages in the midst of civilization!"
Grandly did Mr. MACAULAY liken the tranquillity
of England during these convulsions of the rest of
Christendom to the land of Goshen with all
the plagues raging around it " everywhere
else thunder, fire running along the ground,
a very grievous storm—such as there was none like
it since man was on the earth !" Truthfully did be
attribute the happy condition of these islands, during
that most perilous emergency, under the blessing of
ALMIGHTY GoD, /to our majestic and venerable
Constitution. Nobly and patriotically did he ex-
claim thereupon,—" Let us prize our Constitution ;
let us purify it; let us amend it; but let us not
destroy it." To this recommendation, the advice of
the illustrious orator resolves itself under every point
of consideration. He recognizes the enforcement
of the truth therein inculcated through all the
shifts and turns of Protectionist tergiversation.
He sees it before him everywhere, even at the hust-
ings and at the polling-booths—what though Lord
MAIDSTONE forgets his verses, and Sir FITZ ROY
KELLY forgets his votes. He beholds it, though the
depth of his conviction is that " no person can dispute
the salutary effect which the repeal of the Corn-laws
has had on our trade and industry." Ile perceives it
afar off in the gold-diggings of Australia and in the
backwoods of America—hearing it proclaimed on all
sides in that grand reality that "everywhere the desert
is receding before the advance of the flood of human
civilization." Everywhere, too, in proportion to that
recession, he hears, and, hearing, repeats, as the safest
recommendation that can be offered to Englishmen—
to Reform, but, while reforming, to Conserve their
wise and august Constitution.

i Whoever has watched the system of legislation
adopted in this country cannot have failed to ascer-
tain how eminently unpractical it is. What have
been called " the mechanics of law making " are
greatly at variance with common sense. We have
occasional nibblings in Parliament at errors in the
laws; but we never think of amending the system,
under which, when the laws are being made, these
errors arise. Perhaps we should rather speak of the
absence of anything like a system—of the preponder-
ance of blunder, haste, and sacrifice to expediency.
A very important Session is rapidly approaching--
indeed the first step, the election of Speaker, will take
place this day ; and without pretending to any
extraordinary powers of vaticination, we may venture
to predict with tolerable accuracy the course that
will be adopted.
When the swearing in of the new Members has
been completed, we shall have " the QUEEN'S Speech,"
framed as usual on the principle of telling very
little. That will be followed in due course by the
debates on the " Addresses." which will, in truth, be
neither more nor less than the echoes of what the
Royal lips are made to utter. The same Ministers
who prepare " the Speech from the Throne " will
also provide "a cut-and-dry " loyal and dutiful Ad-
dress from each House cf Parliament, to which they
will again, in due course, indite her Maeesze's "most
gracious reply." There will probably be discussions
on each Address—for legislators, whether hereditary
or elective, are exceedingly fond of hearing their
own voices, and of being reported in the public jour-
nals (in fear of which they live, while they affect to
despise them). We do not, however, think that there
will be any formal trial of strength, Ministers will
carefully avoid anything calculated to provoke a con-
test, while their opponents will be equally unwilling
to risk a division in that early stage of the proceed-
ings when they must do so, if at all, at a con-
siderable disadvantage. Then will follow a great
deal of word- spinning and sentence- wearing on
the merits
.of the departed Hero, whose obse-
quies will be celebrated by his grateful coun-
try. Until the nation has discharged that last
melancholy tribute of respect and gratitude to its
most faithful and efficient servant, there will be com-
paratively little wrangling, men of all classes and
varieties of political feeling will vie with each other
in exhibiting the affectionate regard they entertained
for the mighty dead. When that is accomplished,
and all that remains of the great DUKE has been con-
signed to its last resting-place, the real busieess of
the Session will commence. Then, if not anticipated
during the debates on the Address, we may expect
certain Ministerial declarations as to the principles
and policy on which they will endeavour to carry on
the Government. We may look forward to a vast
quantity of speech-making on this, by which the
Ministerial equanimity will be very little ruffled or
disturbed.

Meanwhile, even on the first day of the Session,
" Honourable Gentlemen" (as it is the fashion to call
them) will have commenced their " pen-and-ink"
assiults on the virgin purity of the blank pages which
e,nstitute what is yclept " the Notice Book," every
one will rush to that important volume, to enter his
notice of some favourite measure which ho intends to
bring forward. The Ministerial 'Whipper-in will also
give kis notices, including, perhaps, some ten to
twenty new bills, or modifications of old ones. There
will,
in fact, be as much work cut out for the Com-
mons during the first working week of the Session as
they could reasonably expect to get through in
eighteen mouths' " hard labour."
rtLiort
Then, in the fullness of time, will arrive the CHAN.
of the EXCHEQUER'S exP osif'; on of the firm-
cia question,
We shall have his Budget, uud it muss

Minm•