The Sun.
London, England, 1852-01-17 00:00:00

SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 17, 1852

abroad. We believe in neither. His mode of dealing
with power has shown a high ambition and a profound
study. The ambition is that of re-constructing revolu-
tionizc I France—tlao study has been the life of the Era-
! parer. I, it probable that sagacity so keen, patience so
remarkable, application so intense, as Louis Napoleon
has shown that he possesses, shoule have learned but half
the lesson of that great life? Hays his eyes been so
long fixed on the daring flight—yet failed to mark the
signal tall? Will not the mind that has taken in so
eagerly
the enduring triumph of Napoleon's glorious
works on the soil of France bear also a deep impress of
the ruin which feel on his great career through the wild
ambition of his march abroad.
DAILY NEWS.--Great ( ffsrts are being made to
get up a cry of " the coast in danger !" All who con-
ceive that political profit is to be gained by a panic re-
carding invasion, and all who discern professional ad-
vantlge to accrue from increased armaments, are ready
to swell the chorus of alarm, and to urge the demand
for augmentations of our naval force. One day we are
told that Sheerness lies defenceless, ready to be seized on
by some piratical expedition of our continental neigh-
bours. Yet hardly 13 the apprehension uttered than ac-
counts appear of the mounting
of heavy guns on the new
batteries of the port in question; whereupon another
turn is given to the affair, and from the fact just men-
tioned, occasion is taken to preach flesh terrors— for if
Gevernmsnt were not seriously uneasy from sense cause
or other, why would these guns be mounted fur tho first
time, just nog ? Again, we are assured that Brighton
might be bombarded some fine night after it had gone
Peacefully to bed, and that Portsmouth may at
any momtnt fall unresistingly into the hands
of those unrivalled mariners, the modern Gauls.
It is within the bounds of possibility that the
good understanding Which for so many years has
happily subsisted between the French and English Go-
vernments may be superficially disturbed by the iteration
on our side of senseless cries. We say superficially,
because we cannot believe that at heart the people of
either country cherish
any other thoughts than those of
improved intercourse for purp
oses of business or pleasure,
and of multiplied relations in every branch of trade and
csmaierce. The small proprietor
of France has as little
to gain by war as the small shopkeeper in England. Both
feel their annual payments
to the tax-gatherer to be
quite heavy enough. They know very well what mili-
tary glory is made of, and understand pretty clearly what
" a splendid victory" usually costs. So long as the Na-
tional Assembly existed, and the Paris press was free to
utter whatever sentiments were likely to find an echo in
the popular breast, we heard nothing of schemes for a
descent on England. We are still inclined to hope—
however we may denounce recent changes—that the
people of France still feel desirous ot keeping up
the cordial feeling which has now So long subsisted
between them and the People
of England. The
Government of France has, it is true, been alto-
gether changed since 1850 ; the
press and the
Assembly exist no more. It is also true that a wayward
and wanton misuse of power may more readily be com-
mitted by an absolute power than by a constitutional
one. But there are countervailing considerations on this
doubt declare war to-morrow without reasonable cause
score of no trivial weight. Louis Napoleon might no
against this or any other country in Europe; but the
risk of eventual failure, even though at first he were to
snatch a temporary triumpb,—must for him be greater
than for any ruler who has presided over the destinies
of France for many years. Military renown would pro-
bably contribute to consolidate his hold on the supreme
power; but the example of his illustrious relative cannot
tail to remind him that the éclat of a dozen triumphant
campaigns may be more than effaced in the national
chagrin at the humiliation and loss of one. A usurper
cannot afford to fail egregiously in any great under-
taking; but, above all, he cannot, without recklessness
amounting to insanity, afford to wage internecine war
with a great and powerful nation.
He may meditate en-
croachments partly by negotiation and partly by over-
whelming force upon those of his territorial neighbours
who are too weak to be ever able to exact retribution. But
to arouse wantonly the indomitable spirit and deter-
mined resentment of the greatest empire in the world—
with no other hope than to win a burglarious notoriety
for the hour—is, for a man in his precarious position,
a somewhat incredible supposition.
thedustyurpor should any-
thing id
We admit at once,
however, that the ultimate futility of any such attempts
on the political independence of Great Britain does not
Ceixeoantemraetaensouorfec
rulersprotftrioomn
against
of the kind be madly designed, now or at any
future time. We consent to pay seven millions annu-
ally for the maintenance of a navy for this purpose.
When, therefore, wo hear it said that " the coast is in
danger," we have a right to ask, where, then, is the fleet?
If not good for this, what in the world is it good for? Let
us make provision de novo, by all means, for the coun-
try's safety; but let us, at the same time, retrench the
7,000,0004 which the naval force—wherein we have
hitherto trusted—annually costs us. The fact is,
however, notorious, that the existing fleet is
more than doubly sufficient for all defensive
objects, were it made use of in that way. We have
ships of the line, steam. frigates, and trained
gunners enough afloat; but instead of being kept within
call, they are scattered ostentatiously and idly all over
the world—some employed in very questionable occupa-
tions in the Indian Sea—some engaged in still more
doubtful pursuits off the coast of Brazil—some floating
indolently in the Levant—and, finally, some learning to
rot in the Tagus. Let us take the last-mentioned squad-
ron as an example. By the last advices brought by
the Peninsular Company's steamer the Iberia, we learn
that on the 9th inst. there ley in the Bay of Gibraltar,
besides smaller vessels, her Majesty's war-steamers
Janus and Dragon, and in sight of the Portuguese
capital no less than five vessels of war, namely, the
Prince Regent and La Hogue (line-of-battle ships), and
the Leander, Dauntless, and Arethusa (first-class fri-
gates). In the name of 7,000,0001. a year, what are
these floating fortresses maintained for there? Are the
war-steamers guarding the impregnable Rock against
a surprise from the
powerless Spaniards or from the
still more feeble Moors? And is a British squadron
such as we have described kept in the Tagus as a com-
plimentary guard of honour of the wretched female so-
p
vereign whom the Portuguese compelled to pay for mis-
governing them? Donna, Maria da Gloria owed her
original elevation to the throne of Portugal to British
money, diplomacy,
and blood. We went intermeddling
in matters that did not concern us; and our reward at
the end of twenty years is the conviction that the imbe-
cile monarch and corrupt administration which
we contributed to impose upon Portugal is
only to be maintained in security
against popular
dislike by the presence of a British fleet at anchor
under the palace windows. So literally is this de-
plorable and disgraceful eta ement believed in Lisbon,
that the standing reply to all inquiries as to why the
squadron does not occasional)
set sail and make a voy-
age elsewhere—if it were forynothing but to keep the
crews in practicc—is, that political affairs are in so pre-
carious a condition that there is no saying what might
happen were the Met to put to seat So that while it
is pretended in England that our own coast is in danger,
we are actually playing
the gaoler over an unfortunate
country in whose internal affairs we have no business
whatever to meddle. If ships are wanted to watch
' call into
Cherbourg or to patrol the Channel, let the Tagus and
13rszl fleets be ordered home to do the duty. Let us
properly employ the force we have, before the people of
England are asked to pa
for more soldiers and sailors.
If England needs defence
t Tagus fleet.
play her natural de-
fenders. Fetch home h

DRAMATIC PERFoRmANcE AT WINDSOR

Upontfolli owing programme : -
CASTLE.
Txg
performance
The
evening,second (dZarm7ajlt t the Castle took place
this occasion, the A Planche
Parts being Je, with the. farce of The Lottery Ticket, were selected
COURT YEWSMAN.)
WlNDSOR,aficlol
em dayc according
d I'l Igo DrtiAoY/3 the d

NOT A
Marquis de Treval BAD JUDGE.
Count de Steinberg ". "'... Mr. R. Roxby.
John Caspar Lavater •
Guests, -Villrager.s.: Mr. C. Fisher.
Christian .- ... ••• ... ... Mr. C. Mathews.
Betman ..• ... - ... ... Mr. G. Everett.
Zug ••• .., •••
... ... Mr. Harley.
Rutley ... ..• -
enery
... ... Mr. Clark.
Notary ... .... ••• ... ... Mr. Graham.
Fritz .. ... •••
... ... Mr. J. Honner.
Louise ..• ... " ... ... Mr. Coe.
Madame Betman . . " .. ... Miss Robertson.
Mrs. Winstanley.
Guar.d-s, &c.
TIIE LO
Capias ... - l'EltY TICKET.
•••
Wormwood •
... ... •-• ... Mr. Lambert.
... ... ".
mr-.Geholrrg.eGE.llEis.verett.
Charles ... ... ... ••• Mr. Webster.
Mrs. Corset
Susan ... ••. ... Mrs. W. Daly.
Director ... ... .'' Miss Yivash.
Assistant director ••• Mr. Charles Kean.
painted by Mr. Tho-
mas theatre arranged and the se •
mas Grieve.
Her Majesty the Queen and his Royal Highness Prince
passed through the
Anelbrtehrtc,ewrriitdherthaenedldeenrtßeroeydalthcehißldurbene,
thus circle of visitors,
room.
o'clock, accompanied by an illustrious Room about eight
the Prince Leopold of
comprising his Serene Highness
I:rtihnecemNaricichuoislaasnoaf
Saxe Coburg, his Serene Highness
Nassau, Chevalier and Madame Bunsen
quantess of Jersey and
Marchioness of Normanby, the Mar
and Countess of Derby, the Earl arid dostiof Granby, the Earl
t Countess Gran-
Lady Clementina Villiers, the Earl
Hon.
hSei r Charlesi3 a
ren
itaengd.
ville, the Earl of Mulgrave, the HI::
Lady Mary Wood, the Baron Hadeln, and
genbach.
The Queen and Prince were attended by the Ladies and
Gentlemen in Waiting.
receiving invitations to
private The t
bandpe rfo ramt
attending
lil ign
ini),
13 Marquise d'Harcourt, Lady Emily
nienceds the Queen's
and Miss
yl3,atrhreinHgtoonn.,
aLnaddyßeCv.haEr..-
eadniataenlyte.
Refreshments were served to the Royal visitors in the
ThroneT he Room.
following
witness the dramatic performance :
had tbe honoudrGLorefadre
Colonel Forester, Commanding
lotte Locker, the Hon. Mrs- Denman, Lord and Lady Yaux
S eLy me Marquis,
i. ad y aCnadrol in e
and Hon. G. Charles, Colonel Hon. C. B. and Mrs. Phipps,
Lady Couper, Miss Couper,
Otlicer, Captain Lord George Manners and Lieut. Breedon,
of the Royal Horse Guards, Colonel Cranford, Commanding
andi‘ir . Coloneli
Dirs.t . l.'
oourp.
Moore,r, L Siri e Georgeu atennd aDnit r.esn.
011icer ; Lieut.-Colonel Lambert and Captain hlontresor, ot
the 2,1 battalion Grenadier Guards ; Mr. and Hon. Airs.
Caulfeild and Miss Caulfeild, Miss .Emily Morier, and lir.
.rs. ChallOnere
--..••••••••••••••,=....*....,

and M:

o
hPoe arcd?nc ka
r,
y onmtehme
boecrc occasion otnh
eo of
chgi
,sijaotiinvge
On Thursday Sir Fitzroy Kelly gave a splendil
eonutterttoailnnmdeiantastoFolfrrt.
Council. There were present Lord Campbell, the Chief
Justice of the Common pleas, the Lord Chief Baron of the
Exchequer, Mr. Justice Talfourd, Baron Rothschild, Sir
Charles Young, Sir Edward Ryan, Sir F. Thesiger, Mr.
Bethell, Q.C., Mr. Walpole, Q.C., Mr. Warren, Q.C., the
BChanakirnotfaEnnogflathned,E:lsrt. India Company, the Governor of the
Dispatches were sent oft' yesterday from the Colonial-office
to the Governors of the North American provinces, and also
to the U9yeram 9( the West Ilubal4lioull.

COURT CIRCULAR.

WINDSOR, FRIDAY.
The following had the honour of dining with her Majesty
yesterday :—His Serene Highness Prince Leopold of Saxe
Coburg, his Serene Highness Prince Nicholas of _Nassau,
Chevalier and Madame Bunsen, the Marquis and Mar-
chioness of Normanby, the Marquis of Granby, the Earl and
Countess of Derby, the Earl and Countess ofJersey, the Earl
and Countess Granville, the Earl of Mulgrave, the Lady
Clernentina Villiers, Sir Charles and Lady Mary Wood, the
Baron Hadeln, and the Baron Roggenbach. ;
The band of the Royal Horse Guards attended in the
Castle, and performed during dinner the following selection :
Overture, " Stradella" Flotow.
Waltz, "Prima Donna" Jullien.
Selection, " Ehjah" Mentleissohn.
The Prize Quadrille . ... J. R. Tutton.
Galop, " Hugo" Gungl.
The Queen had a party last evening after dinner, and in
addition to the dinner company there were present Lady
Emily Seymour, Lady Caroline and Miss Barrington, Colonel
Hon. C. B. and Mrs. Phipps, Colonel lion. Charles and
Mrs. Grey, Sir George and Lady Couper, Miss Couper, and
Miss Morier.

Her Majesty's private band was in attendance in the
evening.

The Queen and Prince drove out yesterday afternoon, in
an open carriage; Colonel F. IL Seymour attended on
horseback.

Her Majesty walked in the Home Park this morning.
The Prince of ►1 ales, the Princess Royal, and younger
members of the Royal Family, took their accustomed walk-
ing and pony exercise.
His Royal Highness Prince Albert went out shooting this
forenoon, attended by Colonel F. 11. Seymour, and accom-
panied by Prince Leopold of Saxe Coburg, Prince Nicholas
of Nassau, the Marquis of Granby, the Earl of Derby, the
Earl Granville, the Earl of Mu!grave, and Sir Charles Wood.

Her Royal IFghness the Duchess of Kent visited her
Majesty today.

Ha Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester received
yesterday at Gloucester House, Park-lane, the Duke of
Cambridge and a select party to dinner.
Baron Bentinck, Minister of the Netherlands, transacted
business with Earl Granville and the Right Hon. Henry
Labouchere, at the Foreign-office, on Wednesday.
Mr. John F. South, President of the Royal CAlege of
Surgeons; Mr. Cxsar H. Hawkins, Vice-President, and Mr.
Arnott, late President of the College, had an interview yes-
terday with Sir George Grey, at the Home. office.
Mr. Neilson had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday, at
the Colonial-office.
Lord Broughton left town yesterday.

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.

LONDON, BRIGHTON, AND SOUTII COAST.

The half-yearly report of the directors to be submitted to
the proprietors on Friday next states that the amount of
capital raised up to the 31st of December is 7,111,2671.,
consisting of mortgage debt 1,458,0371., preference capital
1,037,5961., and consolidated stock 4,615,634/. The amount
of capital raised is purposely kept below the amount ex-
pended, as this arrangement affords the most profitable
means of employing the temporary accumulations of reve-
nue. The additional capital expended during the past half-
year amounts to 51,5441., of which 2,8901. is for the settle-
ment of outstanding accounts on completed lines, 25,9681.
for additional working stock, principally in the goods depart-
ment, and 22,007/. for additional works and buildings ren-
dered necessary by an increasing trade. A margin of
11,527/. still remains of the amount of 7,200,0001. which
was given in October, 1848, as the final limit of capital for
a traffic of 450,0001. a year, This, however, having already
increased to 585,0001. a year, some further expenditure has
become necessary; but the directors do not propose that the
capital account should be re-opened. The whole of the
stock and share capital of the company has now been paid
up, and there are no longer any arrears of calls. The gross
revenue for the half-year has been 336,451/., showing an in-
crease
of 30,231/. over the corresponding half-year of 1850.
Deducting the cartage and rents in both cases, the increase
has been 28,763/., of which 28,3231. has been in the pas-
senger, and 4401. in the goods traffic. The large increase
of the passenger traffic, notwithstanding the drawback of
dividing the Hastings traffic with the South-Eastern Com-
pany, is doubtless attributable in part to the Great Exhibi-
tion. The average increase during the year 1851 over the
corresponding period of 1850 was 8461. per week from the
commencement of the year to the opening of the Exhibition,
on the Ist of May, 1,2881. per week while the Exhibition re-
mained open, and 1034 per week from its close to the end
of the year. The ordinary traffic of the line has been but
little affected, nearly the whole of the increase attributable
to the Exhibition having been obtained from excursion or
other traffic carried at greatly reduced rates. The number
of miles run by the trains in the half-year ending Decem-
ber, 1851, was 845,559, and the total traffic receipts, ex-
cluding cartage, amounted to 328,261/. For the correspon-
ding period of 18.50 the number of miles run by the trains
was 696,240, and the amount received 199,498/. The total
expenses, including cartage, amounted to 126,3641. for the
half-year ending December, 1851, and to 111,518/. at the
corresponding period of 1850. The ordinary expenses for
the half-year ending the 31st of December last amounted to
103,360/., being at the rate of 2s. 51/2d. per train per mile,
and 31 per coat. of the receipts ; and for the corresponding
period of 1850 the ordinary expenses amounted to 91,371/,
being at the rate of 2s. 71/2d. per train per mile, and
301/2 per cent. of the receipts. It will be seen that
while the receipts have increased about 10 per cent. on
the corresponding half-year of 1850, the mileage of trains
has increased more than 20 per cent.—a result which shows
the nature of the traffic. The gross revenue for the year
1851 amounted to 585,086/ ; for 1850, to 533,8841.; for
1849, to 500,4201.; and for 1848, to 453,40 e/. The total
number of passengers conveyed over the line in 1851
amounted to 3,613,887; in 1850, to 2,838,949; in 1849, to
2,658,889 ; and in 1848, to 2,485,778. The total expenses
on revenue account amounted, in 1851, to 233,7191. ; in
1850, to 210,212/. ; in 1849, to 190,968/. ; and in 1848, to
187,0864 The preferential charge for mortgage debt and
guaranteed stock amounted, in 1851, to 119,865/. ; in 1850,
to 121,608/. ; in 184 e, to 116,5561. ; and in 1848, to 104,0411
The dividend per cent. per annum on the ordinary stock
amounted, in 1851, to 4/. 168., with a reserve fund of
36,659/. ; in 1850, to 41. 25., reserve fund 2.5,621/. ; in 1849,
to 31. 17e., reserve fund 15,000/. ; and in 1843, to 3/. 12s,
the company then having no reserve fund. The general re-
sult is that the income of the company has increased (luring
the last three years trom 453,408/. to 585,086/ per annum,
s working
being au increase of 131,6781., or nearly 30 per cent. This
en.s t iarrh
large increase of traffic has of course rendered indispensable
afurther
touurttlhaeyr
fordv e t
of
goods stock,
ewarehouses,
requiring a
sidings, &c. The necessity fur further expenditure arises
from
corresponding increase of working stock and station ac-
commodation ; and the general increase of traffic, requiring
additional precautions to insure the public safety, consist-
ing mainly of fresh sidings, crossings, and signals; ex-
tension of the electric telegraph ; check-rails at curves,
extension of platforms, and improved arrangements at sta-
tions. The
most urgent of these works have been already
executed, and the remainder will be commenced without
delay. The requirements for the goods traffic consist prin-
cipally of warehouses, coal-yards, sidings, turn-tables, &c.,
of warehouses
the most important being the constructionat
Deptford-wharf and Bricklayers' Arms. The total expendi-
ture under all the above heads will der -
able period, and amount to about 12e spread over a consio,ooo/. beyond the libmit
of 7,200,00 i. 1. With regard to the
proposed
the directors say that it is impossible increased outlay,
not to see that the
confidence of the public in railway property depends
mainly on the test of keeping the
capital account closed,
and that successive enlargements
of capital, even lifer the most legitimate
objects, will,
limits
existing circumstances, be regarded with
mistrust. Ac-
cordingly, the directors recommend that the limit of
7,200,000/. should not be exceeded, and that. sixth addi-
tional expenditure as may be necessary to meet the require-
ments of an expanding trade should be considere
p d as a tem-
porary excess to be extinguished in a given e •
taken from revenue. The directors recommend
by a fund
a period of
ten years, or, in other words, that a stun amounting
per cent., in addition to the current interest, onall ytet tem-
porary porary excess of expenditure beyond the limit of 7,200,000/.
should be appropriated each year out of revenue, until such
excess has been extinguisht d. The amount expended in re-
newals during the year 1851 has been 27,0014, which is
about the same as in 1850, and the directors recommend that
a similar sum of 10,000/. should be added to the reserve fund ;
this addition will make the reserve fund amount to 36,6591.
If this recommendation be adopted, 212,396/. will be the
balance available for dividend, out of which sum 32,822/. is
appropriated fur interest on mortgage debt, and 27,907/.
for dividend on preference capital, leaving a balance of
151,6671., out of which is deducted 10,000 a fur reserve
fund, 1,000/. for benevolent fund, and 729/. for insurance
fund, together 11,7291., leaving 139,938/., out of which the
directors recommend the payment of a dividend of 3 per
cent. for the half-year, amounting to 13844694, leaving a
balance to the credit of the current half-year of 1,469/., and
making the whole dividend for the year 1851 amount to
4/. 16s. per cent. The directors are happy to state that the
competition with the South-Eastern Railway Company at
Hastings has been terminated by an amicable arrangement
on the basis formerly offered by this company. In a pecu-
niary point of view the difference is not very important be-
tween competition or a division of the traffic; but it is a
source of satisfaction to the directors to avoid further occa-
sion of conflict with a neighbouring company who work so
many lines of railway in common, and with whom so many
considerations of public safety and convenience make it de-
sirable to maintain amicable relations. In order to obviate
still further any possible conflict of interest between the two
companies, the directors have proposed to the directors of
the South-Eastern Company a similar arrangement re-
specting the Reigate traffic, which is now under considera-
tion. The directors are also happy to say that their rela-
tions with the London and South-Western Railway Com-
pany continue to bo amicable. Several new railway
schemes have been projected in the district intermediate
between the London and South-Western and London,
Brighton, and South Coast Railways, which appear to the
directors to be uncalled for by any public necessity, and
otherwise objectionable; but, as they are assured by the
directors of the London and South-Western Company that
none of these schemes receives any support from that com-
pany, and as it appears evident that they cannot hope to
exist profitably as independent undertakings, the directors
hope to be spared the necessity of any Parliamentary con-
test. It is their intention to adhere strictly to this conser-
vative line of policy, and to confine their attention, as far as
possible, to the development of the traffic on their existing
lines of railway, believing that by this course the true inte-
rests both of the proprietors and the public will be best con-
sulted.
The report of Mr. J. Reeves, the auditor, states that in
consequence of the lamented death of his worthy colleague,
Mr. Mansfield, the great responsibility of auditing the accounts
has devolved upon him, and after the most careful exami-
nation he has found them quite correct. He remarks
that there has been a loss of 1,4411. for repairs done by the
company to a steam-vessel which was working in connexion
with thiscompany, in developing the French traffic, and the
loss has been written off the books during the past half-
year. The sum of 239,8001. has been paid off the mortgage
debt, and only 1e5,250/. renewed, and borrowed dug n the
half year at a less rate of interest. In the accounts lastl.re
derea 56,9011. appeared as the value of surplus lands, a-
has been increased to 61,3201. by reason of certain land 'eh
pur-
chases tmde during the half-year greater in value than
has been disposed of. A sum of 25,005/. has been what
carried
to the capital account this half-year for additional carriage
and waggon stock, and also a sum of 22,0071,
works upon the line, stations, &c. for additionul
The reports of the resident engineer
superintendents represent the permanent and locomotive
way, buildings,
works, anal working stock as being in excellent order. The
stock and share account shows that
au-
thorised to raise 7.440,9301., ofthe company is which
raised, leaving 329,662/. as the 7,111,2671. has been
balance of power unexer-
cised. The mortgage debt a
had been raised on account shows that 1,4'8,037/.
loan, of which 454,500/. was at 5 per
cent.; 6,000/ at 4i per cent. 196 P7l. at per cent. •
40,000/. at Vs per cent. , 758 6101.;and 2,5001.
at 3i per cent. The capital. at 4 per cent.,
account showed that ,
7111267/.
had been received, and 7,188,473/. expended, leaving a
balance against the company of 77,205/. The revenue ac-
count stated that the •ending
the during the half-year
the 31st of December, amounted to 039,7601, including

2,3091. from the last account, and the expenditure to 126,3641.,
including 1°,254/. rates and taxes, and 11,112/. Government
duty; leaving a balance of 212,396/.

BASINGSTOKE AND SA LILSDURY RAILWAY.—The en-
gineering estimate for this railway including all expenses,
is fixed by Mr. Erringtor, the company's engineer, at
280,0001.

DORCHESTER AND E.EXETER COAST EXTENSION RAILWAY
COMPANY. Moorsom s estimate for this new line, proposed
to be applied for in the ensuing session, is 490,C00/.
IMPORTANT TJ RAILWAYS,--Experiments have just been
made on the Paris to Lyons Railway for the application of
electro magnetism to locomotives. The apparatus prepared
for the purpose was applied to an exceedingly large locomo-
tive, and succeeded perfectly, first on a level, and then on an
ascent of thirteen milliemes —the steepest, in fact, of the line.