The Sun.
London, England, 1855-09-01 00:00:00

LONDON, SATUR

SALES BY AUCTION.

FREEHOLD FARM IN GLOUCESTERSHIRE, HOUSE PRO-
PERTY IN LONDON, AND FEE FARM RENTS IN THE
NORTH OP ENGLAND.

TO be peremptorily SOLD, pursuant to a
Decree of her 'Majesty's Court of Exchequer, and an Order of
the High Court of Chancery, made in a cause of "Noel v. Lord
Henley," with the approbation of Richard Richards, Esq., one
of the Masters of the said Court of Chancery, by Messrs. NORTON,
HOGGART, and TRIST, at the Auction Mart, Bartholomew-lane,
in the City of London, on FRIDAY, the 7th day cf September, 1555-
at 12 o'clock at. noon, in 7 lots, a FREEHOLD FARM (land tax
redeemed and sup ject only to a certain small rent charges in lieu of
tithes, which have been commuted), consisting of a well-built sub-
stantial farm-house, with ;onventent out-buildings, and 2•34 acres of
arable, meadow, pasture, and wood land, known as " Upper Clopton
Farm," situate in the parishes of :vickleton and Quinton, in the
county of
Gloucester; an undivided fourth part of several freehold
messuages,
and other buildings. situate in Fetter-lane, in the City of
London, and in Milford-lan6, Duke-street, and King's Head-yard,
Linc,An's-inn-fields, in the county of Middlesex ; a fee farm rent of
481, 6s. Bd., issuing out of the Manor of Ettal, in the county 01
Northumberland ; and an undivided fourth part of several fee farm
rents (the entirety amounting to 5811. 3s Id. per annum), issuing
out of divers manors, and other hereditaments, in the counties of
York, Durham, and Northumberland, and in the town and county of
the to, n cf Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Particulars whereof may be hat in London, at the said Master's
Chambers in Sentlaimpton-buildings, Chancery-lane ; of Messrs.
Law, Hussey, and Hulbert, solicitors, No. 10, New-square, Lincoln's-
inn ; Messrs. Wharton and Ford, solicitors, 8, ;
Messrs. Bischoff, Coxe, and Bompas, solicitors, 19, Coleman-street,
City; of the Auctioneers, N 0.62, Old Broad-street, ity ; of Me srs
Banister, solicitors, Shipston-on-S our ; and in the country at th-
principal inns at Shipston.upon• •tour,. Stratford-u .on- Oven, Eve-
sham, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne; and of Mr. E. F. Boyd, Urpeth,
near Chester-10-street.

Date.' this Bth day of August. 1855. •
LAW, HUSSEY, and HULBERT, Lincoln's-inn.

ITAMPSIIIRE.—The Bossington Estate, in the
beautiful Valley of the Test.-I'o be per, mptoTily SOLD,
pursuant to a Decree of the High Court of Ciancery, made in a
cause of " Elwes v. Trower," with the approbation of the Right
Hon.-the Master of ,the Rolls, the Judy to whose Court the same
cause is Attach:l, at the Auction Mart, Bartholomew-lane, in the
city of London, by Messrs. NORTON, lIOGGART, and TRI,T
on FRIDAY, the 14th day of September, 1555, at 1 o'clock
at noon, in one Lot, the important and valuable ESTATE of
BOSSINGTON, in the county of Southampton, late the property of
J. M, Elwes. Esq., deceased, comprising the manor of Bossington,
with the capital modern mansion-house of Bossington, and the
gardens, pleasure-grounds, shrubberies, stabling, and other append-
ages adjo ning ; together with about 87 acres of arable, meadow,
pasture, and wood land, with suitable farm buildings, labourers' cot-
tages, &c., an excellent flour mill on the river Test, and a malt-
house and other premiscs, constituting the entire freehold manor
and hamlet of Bossington, in the county of Southampton, with lands
adjoining, partly freehold and partly copyhold, in the neighbouring
parishes of Broughton and Roughton. The river 'rest, which flows
through the estate, affords very fine fishing, and adds materially to
the beauty and richness ofthc estate. Bossington is at. tut seven and
a half miles from the town of Rom'ey, three and a half miles from
the Dunbridge Station on the Salisbury Branch of the South-West-
crn Railway, and three miles from Stockbridge.
Particulars may be h id of 'Messrs. Law, Hussey, and Hulbert,
solicitors, Lincoln's-inn ; of Mr. H. L. Footne' , solicitor, stockbridge ;
of Mr W. II Simonds, land agent and surveyor, st. Cross, Win-
chester; at the principal inns in the county of outhampton ; at
the Auctioneers' offices, 62, Old Broad-street, London ; and at the
Auction Mart, London.

LAW, HUSSEY, and HULBERT, Lincoln's-inn.

THE ROYAL BRITISH BANK,
(Incorporated by Charter).
For transacting every deszription of Banking Business on the

SCOTriAR SYSTEM

Drawing accounts are opened fo;aaY parties properly introduced,
a's ',interest allowed on the daily balances, if these do not fall under
11'1. Deposits of any amount arc receivable, at rates of interest,
varying from 2 to 4 per cent. per annum, according to the time for
which the deposits are made Promissory Notes or Bills, at any
date, and with or without interest as may be agreed on, and Circa-
tar Bills or Letters of Credit and Drafts or Orders are granted, pay-
a'sle to bearer by the Correspondents of the Bank in every town of
any note at home or abroad ; and Bills of Exchange or Drafts on
the Bank in Sets, for use in the Colonies, in -India, china, and Ame-
ric ',may be obtained by customers and others, on application at
the Chief Office. Advances for fixed periods on Securities readily
convertible, and Cash Credits, on the Scottish system, are granted
to respectable parties if customers of the lank. Discounts of ap-
proved Bills of Exchange are made for any parties having accounts
with the bank ; for whom also Remittances are made, and Bills col-
lected, in any place where there is a banker ; and Divithnds, &c.,
received without charge.

Forms of applications for opening accounts, &c., will be supplied,
and any further information may be obtained at the Bank, or at any
of the Branches, viz. : —Strand Branch, 429, Strand ; Lambeth
Branch. 77, Bridge-road; Islington Branch, 97, Goswell-road ; Pim-
lico Branch, 1, Shaftesbury-terrace, Victoria-street ; Borough
Branch, 60, Stones'-end, So Lthwark ; Piccadilly Branch, 32, lte-
gent's•circus.

By order of the Court of Directors.
HUGH INNEA CAMERON, General Manager.
Chief Office, 16, Tokenhoise-yard, Lothbury,
London, 4th August, 1855.

ARGYLL RO 0111S.-LAIIRENTS CASINO
RE-OPENS This Evening, SATURDAY, for the Wint,*
Season, on hirh occasion the following Manic will he performed b y
his celebrated Rand :—\larch aux Flambeaux. Waltzs The ill y
of the Valle, (D'Alhert), Zephir Lufte (Gung'l) Fenella ( rinney) ,
Etll,l Newcome (Laurent), La Sultane (Bosisio). c
Rol du Pastel (Lamotte), Les Ilugenots (Laurent), Palermo (D'Al -
bell), Bride of Lammermoor (Tinnev), II Trovatore ( rutton).
Polkas—Des lluiands (Lamotte), Italie (' aviolo), The illian (D' kl-
bert), Des Coucous (Bouluet). The Zouavea (Laurent). Galops—
The Imperial Guards (Laurent), The Recta (Streather). Schottische
—La Guirlande de Fleurs (Bnymet), La Yarsoviana (Laurent) Prin-
cipal Ci,rnr‘t a Piston, M. Boulcours.—Doors open at S. Admission
One Shilling.

Mr. SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY.
(get published, price 25., illustrated with cases; free by post for 26
stamps,
NERVOUS DEBILITY:
Its Causes, Symptoms, and Cure.—An Essay on Spar-
natorrheea, with Practical Observations on a safer and more
successtul mode of treatment of the diseases of the Generative
,ystem, obtained by the use of the Microscope in detecting* and
istinguishing, by urinary examination, the real cause and effect of
every variety of complaint. whether arising from solitary habits,
excesses, occident, or climate, followed by practical remarks, founded
m twenty years' experience in the treatment of Impuissance.
qervous Debility, Local Weakness, gpermatorrhcea, Sce. To which
tre adde I, Commentaries on the Physiology of Marriage, with pre-
nntiona,y hints on the evils emanating from empirical przetice,
and on the dangerous remedies advocated by various writers on
'hose im'ortant disorders.

►ly AAMUEL LAWERT,
, 37, 13EDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
Doctor Or Medicine, Matriculated Member of the University of Edl
burgh, lonorary Member of the London hospital Medical Bociet
%Went at, of Apothecaries' Hall, London, tin., gee.
The e obiect of this treatise is to point out the fearful con
queness resulting from certain habits, Irregularities, and excesses
hich lave produced more misery in Youth, degradation in Man.
ood, ald premature decay at all stages of Life, than, perhaps, an;
they o ass of disease known to modern pathologists. Its perusal it
,articularly recommended to persons entertaining secret doubts o'
their physical condition, and who are conscious of having hazarded
the hel,th, happiness, and privileges to which every human being I.
entitled:
It is absolutely necessary that all men should know, that there arr
,rinciples of personal management which cannot be violated withou
:cu:ring grievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret succeed
.'is heyday of inconsiderate self-indulgence, how these penalties
:icy be mitigated, how the sting of their bitterness may be removed
.nd how the evil and its consequences may be avoided, and above all,
at there is scarcely any decree of physical infirmity or functionr.'
•erangsment to which tho timely aid of science cannot apply a cure.
he Author has for a series of years been engaged In an extensive
aetico in the treatment of these delicate compiaints, which have
fortanately bean too generally confided to the care of ignorant
empirics, who indict great injury on those who are induced to place

fAith in their pretensions.
NERVOUS DEBILITY may to had, price 2c, of Messrs. Sher-
wood and Co., 23, Paternoster-row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street ;
Horne,l9, Leicester-square; Mann, 39, Cornhill; or free by post for
26 stamps to any address fro mthe Author's residence, 37, Bed-
ford-% nare.
At home for :consultation daily from eleven till two, and from six

ING, S.

LIFE IN THE INTERIOR OF RUSSIA.

(Front the .N iza _NO. of " Blackwood's Magazine," continued
front the. Sun. of yesterday.)
Russian Travelling.—Many persons may have given ac-
counts of the different modes of travelling in Russia, but
they for the most part have only travelled on the roads
and better ways of communication, where no great diffi-
culties exist ; it is in the interior of the country that all the
pleasures and pains of Russian travelling are to be found.
If you want to go to any place where there is no post-
road, you must hire a kibitka(unless you have a carriage of
your own) and three horses. A kibitkais, properly speaking,
merely an arched covering of matting that can be put on to
a waggon or sledge ; as the kabitka is useless without the
vehicle, the one name is applied to everything that is covered
in this way. With this you do about fifty miles a-day,
stopping at night to rest the horses in miserable h uts, where
frequently you can procure nothing but black bread and /.
little milk, with straw or hay to to upon, if you prefer
sleeping in the huts, where vermin are generally very
abundant, and the hut crowded. The best way, and that
generally adopted in summer-time, is to sleep in the ki-
bitka. Every little luxury or convenience you must carry
with you, or do without it ; cups and saucers, knives and
forks, plates and dishes, are things unknown in a Russian
hut. All these things are sold packed in neat boxes for
travelling, and without one of these boxes few travel. Ii
iiao weather, or in the winter, when the roads are good, it
is very bearable ; but in the spring and autumn it is fearful
to be obliged to travel, with the mud more than knee deep;
for there are no roads in the: interior of the country, but
merely a broad strip of land that is set apart for the use or
travellers, and called by courtesy a road; therefore it is
easy to suppose what travelling trust be through a rich
alluvial soil, in which you have no hard bottom, but the
heavier the vehicle the deeper it sinks.
I have already given an example of what travellir gis in
1 spring, over such a mockery of roach as I have described.
The Russians say that this state of things only lasts about
three months in the year, and not always that, while at the
1 other seasons you can travel faster than in many other
countries. This is so far true ; I have often done myself
12 miles an hour with a post telega ; but it frequently hap-
pens that at the very time you m est want to use despatch
you are detained by bad roads and want of horses, which
is another grievance that all travellers are subject to, hay
ing frequently to wait hours for horses, which are not kept
in sufficient number to supply the demand. Besides all
these inconveniences there is another that must not be lost
sight of. The ordinary way of harnessing the horses is
three abreast—one in the shafts, which are drawn tight to
a bow attached to the collar of the shaft horse ; and it is
the spring of this bow that keeps the horse in his place, for
he has no traces to draw with ; the other two horses are at_
tached by ropes to a kind of outrigger at the sides. Now,
neither the ropes nor any other part of the harness are ever
examined to test their capabilities, but everything is made
to serve till it gives way; and there is generally a breakage
of something to detain the traveller during every other sta-
tion upon an average. The repair of these things does not
require much time, it is true ; but when they occur fre-
quently during a long journey, then about one hour in ten
is lost in repairing damages. In consequence of the ex-
treme difficulty of travelling, appointments are never kept
with any degree of punctuality. Even in the towns, where
there are few paved streets, it is no uncommon thing to
see vehicles sticking in the mud. I have seen carts loaded
with merchandise obliged to be dug out, and have passed
through streets in droskies with the soft mud running
under my legs, while my feet have been on the driver's
back to keep them out of it. In some Government towns
the ladies have been known to pay visits with oxen to
draw their carriages. Picture to yourself, fair reader, if
possible, your carriage driven up to a door by bullock-
drivers, to the sound of Tsob, tsobi (the ordinary words
laddressed by a little Russian peasant to make his oxen go),
and leaving your cards, or going to a ball in the same
manner.

Siberian Convicts.—Those poor convicts condemned to
Siberia suffer a martydrom before they roach their final
place of punishment. There they are made to work in the
mines, and only allowed to see daylight' once a year ; or
some, for minor offences, are allowed to work on the sur-
face ; others, again, are sent to colonise the country, which
is covered with snow nine mouths in the year ; while the
nobles are merely sent to the towns, where they live under
strict surveillance of the police. I have been told by many
persons who have inhabited Tobolsk and other towns, tha, •
the society to be met with there is most superior, being for
the most part composed of political exiles, and consequently
of men of good acquirements, chiefly Poles. The common
people, before being sent away, are generally sentenced to
receive a certain number of lashes with an instrumout
called a pleit, or knout, which is a thick leather plaited
thong about a yard long, at,t,ached to a handle about the
same length. The .eriminal a paraded thneugh the town
with the executioner and airiest, accompanied by a drum to 1
call attention, and a guard of soldiers ; ho is then taken to
the scaffold, which is generally erected in some conspicuous
place in the town ; here ho is bound and stripped, and the
executioner takes his place at a few yards distance. Upon
his crying " Beware I" Le walks slowly up, and strikes the
culprit across the back, from the shoulder to the hip ; he
then walks slowly back again to his place, where he re-
mains a short time, crying again " Beware !" and striking
across the back in an opposite direction. As every stroke
generally draws blood, and as they are delivered at inter-
vals of about two minutes, there are few who can support
more than 15 blows at a time, some not more than five.
When the unfortunate wretch has received as many blows
as the medical man present thinks ho can support without
endangering his life, he is taken to the hospital, where he
is kept till he is in a fit state to receive the remainder, or
a portion of his sentence, which is only the prelude to his
long and painful journey to the dreary regions of northern
Asia.

Travelling Convicts.—When they set out, they have
gyves rivetted to their legs, and are made to walk with these,
which are excessively painful, chafing the ankles dread-
fully. Those are removed about every four or five hun-
dred miles for two or three days, when they are allowed to
rest. While on the march they are allowed three copecks
per diem to provide themselves with all the necessaries of
life—that is a little less than a penny farthing ! Some of
them—serfs who are sent by their masters for no particu-
lar offence, but simply because they are obnoxious to them
—have no fetters on their legs, but are chained together
with long chains in groups of four. The women are never
chained.

Merchants.— -The class of merchants in Russia is perhaps
the most truly national, the most independent, and certainly
the most patriotic at the present moment. They are chiefly
from Russia Proper, and aro men who by their own exer-
tions have raised themselves originally from the state of
serfs to that of freemen, as far as a Russian can be free ;
they have generally begun as hucksters, or perhaps shop-
men, with a ticket of leave, and a condition to pay their
master a certain sum annually; then they have saved
money enough to buy their freedom, then saved a small
capital, and begun business, which has been gradually ex-
tended, till it has reached colossal proportions. One man
whom I knew, who began in this way, died worth millions.
Of course there are the descendants of those who com-
menced that still continue trade, though many of them are
desirious of seeming noble, and will frequently expend
fortunes that their fathers have toiled for in order to ob-
tain some trifling rank ; those who are more sensible con-
tinue to walk in their fathers' footsteps, extending their
commercial relations and fortunes at the same time.
Among these men are to be found all the old customs that
have now become obsolete among the nobles.
The merchant class complain most bitterly of the
exactions they are subjected to at the hands of the
authorities. Every officer of police must have his pick-
ings out of them ; one has to furnish them with cloth
for their uniforms, another with sugar, a third with tea ;
another, again, will have to make a present of a silk
dress for the wife of a Jack in office, or a piece of line*
for his own shirts ; again, the tailors, bootmakers, and
other tradesmen have to work for them ; in the market
they receive all the provisions they require for their house-
hold. If any one in the market should think of refusing
to let the officer of police have what he likes to take, all
that he may bring after that will be condemned as unfit for
food. The greater the man, the larger theibribe that must
be made to him. Once I was in the cellar of a very large
wine merchant, who was speaking very highly of some
wine that he had by him, and regretting that the quantity
was very small, when the governor of the town entered.
The merchant was cap in hand to his excellency. His ex-
eellency caught sight of the wine we were speaking of at
the time, and inquired what it was, when, to my great as-
tonishment, the merchant told his excellency that it was
good for nothing, and he was thinking of throwing it away,
as, for his own reputation, he could not think of selling it.
The governor said that he was very fond of that wine, and
would like to have some when a better quality arrived,
which he was assured ought to come very shortly. When
his excellency was gone, I asked the merchant why be did
not lot him have the article ho was praising so highly to
me the minute before ? With a knowing look he said it
was much too good for him. " How so ?" " Why, I should
be obliged to send him all T had if he once tasted it, and
my customers would be obliged to wait." " But I thought
you kept wines to be sold ?" " So I do, but not to be given
away ; for during the three years his Excellency has been
in the town he has always honoured me with his custom,
but never by paying any of his bills, which I dare not ask
for ; so, if I am obliged to make him a present of all the
wines he may choose to consume they shall'not be of the
best quality."
If any one should be found daring enough to oppose these
exactions, he is subjected to a hundred petty annoyances
which the police have it in their power to inflict. The
street oppo§ite li* Irmo if 4 b*IlY SWePti and his lomat§

are carried off, and kept for two or three days, to the great
inconvenience of the master, who is eventually obliged to
pay to get them discharged ; then they will pretend that
there is a suspicion that he has stolen goods concealed on
his premises, and 'search for them, carrying off, perhaps,
something valuable to be examined, which never comes
back again, or oven the master himself is sent to prison,
and, though innocent, is obliged to pay smartly to get out
Again. For all this there is no redress, so they find that
the first loss is always the least.
The merchants are divided into three classes or guilds ;
those of the first guild have the right to trade to any
amount, with any part of the world, to establish manufac•'
tories, &c. ; those of the second can only import goods at
one time to the amount of 15,000 roubles ; while those of
the third guild have not the right to import at all, but
must employ agents of either of the other guilds. Of course
the first and second pay more than the third, but it is
very difficult to know what they really pay, as it varies
in different towns—not the duty exacted by the Govern-
ment, but the sum required by the president as a doucour
before he will give the receipts and sign the necessary
papers. They aro also subjected to taxes that vary accord-
ing to the guild, as to the ex actions of the police, before
mentioned.
The Bribery of the Officials.—There is one thing that, so
long as it lasts, will prevent Russia from taking her rank
:mong the great civilised nations of Europe, and that it is
:he vast system of bribery that is carried on in all the
mblic offices. It may appear strange to say a system of
)ribery, but so it is. Bribery forms the rule, and honesty
he exception, in all matters relating to the law or govern-
ment, though, doubtless, there are some few honest and
aonourable men to be found in the Russian empire ; but I
Am forced to say that the number is ♦ery small. Pecula-
ion is again another very prevalent sin, and generally
practised throughout the country, otherwise how could
men live upon the miserable pittance allowed them by the
government for their services ? All this, however, is not
considered as a stain upon men's characters; on the con-
trary, as it prevails universally throughout the country,
here is no dishonour attached to it. As an instance
.f its extent, I will just cite an example that came un-
ler my own observation not long since :—A man, a
4aff officer in the military service, holds a situation,
he salary of which is about 701., and to be able to
etain his place he is obliged to pay, for the protection of
soother man, 1,600/. per annum ! This he not only does,
hut keeps up a large establishment of servants, horses, &c.
It will be naturally asked, how can he do it ? Why, by
bribery, which renders his place worth to him about
1,000/. or 5,0001. a-year. Nobody ever thinks of inquiring
about the salary attached to any office, but how much can
be made in it.

There is a work in the Russian language which unfortn-
'lately I do not possess, in which this system is very well
described in a short dramatic sketch, the subject of which.
is, as near as I can remember, as follows :—A peasant of
the crown, known to be rich, is summoned for having some
utensils for distilling illicit brandy on his premises, which
were placed there on purpose to entrap him by some one
.:mployecl for that purpose. After going on for two or three
years, during which time the poor fellow is made to pay
smartly to the clerks, and secretaries, and other employi:s
of the criminal court, the affair goes to the president or
judge, and accordingly the quasi criminal waits upon the
great man at his own house. On inquiring of the servant if
he can see his master, ho is informed that he is particularly
engaged at that moment, and he is requested to wait. Af-
ter waiting for a considerable length of time, during the
whole of which he has seen the judge through the open door
walking up and down the next room smoking, ho again
ventures to ask the servant when he can see his master,
and on receiving the same answer he informs the lackey
that he wants to see him upon some urgent business, back-
ing his argument by the present of a rouble. Serv.—"Why
diat'nt you say that before? I remember how master told
me to admit you when you called." The suitor is admitted.
Presid.—" Well, my good man, yours is a very bad case ;
all the implements found upon your premises. lam afraid
it will go hard with you, and that nothing can save you
from Siberia." Peas. (falling upon his knees)—" But,
father! protector ! I am innocent, quite innocent; I
knew nothing of those things, and have proved it.''
Presid.—"Yes,- yes, but still they were found ; you can-
not disprove that fact. It grieves me to see so good
s man as you appear to be sent to Siberia, and I would
help you with pleasure ; yet, what am Ito do ?" Peas. :
" sllow, at least, my wife to go with me ; it will be somo
comfort to me in my misfortune." Presid• " I would with
pleasure, my good man, but you know the law must be
fulfilled, and I don't know whether your wife can go or
uot. Do you happen to know where I could get a good
mulch cow? milk is so difficult to procure in a town.
Mind, it must be a good one !" Peas.: " 1 have one at
home that would just you, sir, and she is heartily at your
'+ service. Can my wife go with me, sir r Presid. : " W.II,
I'll see what I can do for you. Don't forget the cow !"
" Peas.: " May the Lord bless your honour ! But, then,
what will become of the children when we are both gone
away? Perhaps you could let them go too, sir ?" Pre-
sid. ; " No, it will be a great favour if I can procure per-
mission for your wife to go with you ; as for the children,
that's impossible, and not to be thought of. Do you
know that my corn-factor has disappointed me, and
not sent in the oats according to contract, and by
to-morrow night I shall have none to give my horses,
and you know it is impossible to procure any in town
Peas. : "I have some at home, sir, and shall only be too
happy to send them. May the children go, sir:" Presid. :
" You may send in at the same time some of the best
wheaten flour for my table, and some ryo for that of my
servants." Peas. : " I will be sure to send it, sir. May

the children go ?" Presid. : " Well, since you wish it so
earnestly, I will try what I can do for you." Peas.:
" God bless you, sir ! But isn't it hard that a poor man
should bo sent away from his comfortable home, where his
fathers and grandfathers have lived before him, because
some ono chose to hide utensils for distilling on his pre-
mises ? Perhaps you could get m 9 off altogether if you
were to try ! Do try to save a poor man from ruin ! I
shall be grateful to you for ever." Presid. : "Oh ! that is
not to be thought of; the whole affair has been sent to the
senate, and consequently is out of my hands. Pray, could
you tell me where I could get a good pair of black horses
for my wife's now carriage ? I am told there are
some good horses in your neighbourhood. I should
like them a good snatch." Peas. :" I have at home just
such a pair as you want, sir, a beautiful match, four years
old ; they are much too good for my use. I will send them
to you, sir, with the cow, the oats, and the flour. Do you
think it likely I may get off, sir 1" Presid. " I doubt it
very much; nevertheless, I will try all I can for you : in
the meantime, you send in to-morrow the cow, oats, flour,
and horses. Stay, you may as well send at the same time,
some fresh batter—say 100 pounds or so ; some honey, if
you have it, or any other little country delicacy." Peas. :
" I will send all you want, sir ; but say, only say, I
shall not be sent to that dreadful place?" Presid.: " You
may call again in three or four days, and I will let
you know what I have done; but mind, I promise
nothing." Peas. (bowing down to the ground): " God
bless your honour, you have made me a happy man."
Presid.: Do not hope too much ; I am not sure that I can
save you, but will do all I can. Don't forget the flour,
the oats, the cow, the honey, the butter, the horses, and
anything else you think I should like." Peas.: " I'll for-
get nothing, sir - (Exit.) Presid. (solo) : " I think that a
pretty good morning's work, when that man's innocence
was proved, and his acquittal made out and signed yester-
day. I have it in my drawer at the present moment. It
will be a lesson to him in future to keep oat of the law."
This is, as well as I can remember, the subject of the
dramatic sketch above-mentioned, and taken from a work
entitled " Scenes from Life." It may be a little exaggerated,
but that similar things have occurred I do not for a mo-
ment doubt. It is a common saying that in London you
can get anything for money; and in Russia, I believe, you
may do anything for money.
It would be well if all the CMSC3 ended as well as the one
above cited. I remember very well a woman, a widow,
being accused of infanticide. She was in very good circum-
stances, possessing two mills and other property, worth pro-
bably some 3001. The affair was arranged as follows : Some
one belonging to the court pretended to discover some flaw
in the evidence, and offered to prove her innocence if a certain
sum were paid down to him. One of the mills was sold to
pay him, and the judge appeared to waver, but eventually
over-ruled the objection. Then the advocate threw up the
case, having received his foe, and another took it up in the
same manner. The judge wavered in his decision again,
and so on, till the poor woman had disposed of all she had,
and paid the proceeds into the hands of one or other of the
members of the court, whe, of course, shared with the
judge. When all the resources were at an end, the woman
was despatched to Siberia, after being kept in suspense for
about 18 months. The way in which all law business is
transacted greatly facilitates this. There aro no open courts
as in England, no oral testimony; everything is done in
writing, and every paper must be stamped. The sale of this
stamped paper is the source of enormous revenue to the Rus-
sian government. The manner of proceeding is nearly as fol-
lows : A owes B a certain sum of money. B writes a paper
stating the fact, and reclaiming through the aid of the law.
which he presents to a particular division of the civil
court. If this paper be not accompanied by a douceur pro-
portioned to the amount claimed, he is sure to have it re-
turned at the end of, perhaps a month, with the observa-
tion that it is not written according to the established form,
or that it is not upon the right description of paper. (There
are several kinds of stamped paper, and rules, which no one
knows, laid down for their use.) B prepares another paper,
which is rejected in the same manner, and so on, till, by
finding that he is losing money and time, he pro
tsatthLo,
required douceur, when A is informed officially
L clailua ouch a vial of Wiwi out reciviod t 2 ;ea wnttea

answer into court, stating whether he acknowledges it a

just debt or not. If A deny the debt, then Bis called upon
to produce his witnesses, whosd affidavit is taken down in
writing upon stamped Paper, subject to the same difficulties

as the first paper. Suppose A has no other defence to
make, then the affair (if a douceur be gi;ien) goes before the
president and councillors of the court for decision, whore it
is likely to remain till the president obtains his lion's share
of the spoils of the poor plaintiff, who is generally -very
fortunate if ho does not lose more than 25 or 30 per cent. of

she original debt due to him. What affords these gentle-

men the richest harvest is a case of disputed. property,

where they are likely to be paid by both parties. - -
As a proof that it is utterly impossible to do anything
without paying, I will cite an instance that came under my
own observation. A gentleman of property in Southern

Russia had a dispute about some property which belonged
to him, but which was claimed by another person. The
affair had been going on for years in the manner mentioned
above, and had been removed by appellation from court to
court, till at length it had reached the senate of Moscow,
the highest court of appeal in the empire. The rightful
owner of the property, in order to hasten on the affair, went
to Moscow himself, where ho saw the secretary of the senate,
who promised him that it should be decided in his favour
upon condition that he should give so much per cent. upon
the value of the property. The gentleman offered the
money at once, but the official said he would only accept of
it when the case was decided in his favour. A month or
six weeks afterwards they met in the street, and the secre-
tary invited his client (if I may so call him) into his office,
where he showed him an entry in the sealed book of the
court, in which the decision was given in his favour. Not
having sufficient money about him at the moment, he pro-
mised to go to his hotel and return immediately ; but on
arriving he reflected that, as the affair was already settled,
entered in the book, and signed by all the members of the
court, it would be useless to pay the secretary now all was
done, ordered post-horses, and set out on his journey home-
ward. When he arrived, he called all his neighbours toge-
ther, and made a feast to rejoice over his success. But it
was "diamond cut diamond." A few days after this he

received the official notification that it had been decided
against him, and that the property was to pass into the
possession of his adversary. It is incomprehensible how
this could have been managed ; for there is a string passed

through every leaf of an official book, with the ends sealed,
so that it is impossible to cut out the leaf and replace it by
another ; but there appears to be some means of cheating
justice even at the last moment, when everything is de-
cided.

I can give another instance of the rapacity of the offi-
cials. Some years ago, a gentleman, a foreigner, had rea-
lised a considerable sum, about 70,000 roubles, by keeping
a school, and, wishing to retire to his own country, gave up
his establishment, giving at the same time notice to all who
were owing him money that he must be paid. I believe
there were about 30,000 roubles owing him by different

parties. Finding that no one paid him, he determined to
have recourse to the law. But notwithstanding his long
residence in Russia, he counted without his host : the affair
went on for some two or three months without any results,

when, getting tired of waiting, he thought he had better
leave the country with what he had, and gave notice ac-

eordingly that he was ready to forego all his claims, at the
same time applying for his passport. The Russian officials
thought it too rich an opportunity to let the game slip
thus through their fingers. He received a notification
that he could not leave the country so long as he had
any affairs unsettled at any of the courts of law. He an-
swered that be declined proceeding any further in the
matter, and forgave all his debtors. But this was of no
avail ; they would not let him go ; and it was only after a
detention amounting to nearly two years, and a sacrifice of
20,000 roubles, that he could get away. Of course the
:30,000 owing him he never obtained, and was only too
glad to make his escape at that price.
I think these instances will give a pretty good idea of
the manner in which these things are carried on. But the
subject is so vast that it would be inexhaustible were ono
to detail all the means that are employed to extort money
or anything else out of the poor suitors. These hawks are
not at all particular as to what they accept. I remember
one poor fellow who had a lawsuit, when asked for a
donceur, said he had no money. But the official was not to
be put off with that excuse ; he inquired what was the

most valuable article the suitor had, and on hearing that

it was a pair of patent leather boots, immediately soized
upon thew, saying that if they would not fit him, they
would somebody else, and promised to call for them in the
evening ! Small quantities of brandy of the value of four-
pence or sixpence are frequently accepted. Nothing is too
insignificant for the swoop of these birds of prey, who are
protected by the double-headed eagle which they wear on

their buttons.
Peculation.—The system of peculation is again equally
extensive, but less generally known;; Vit there is no doubt
that a very large percentage of the public money, that is
destined to useful improvements, finds its way into the
pockets of,those who are charged with the execution of the
imperial projects. Ihe mode of proceeding is very curious.
A bridge is to be built, and a competition is announced for
the contract to supply the materials, although the matter
has long since been arranged between the contractor and
the man who has charge of the works. But this is the form
laid down by the law. If there should be anybody else to
compete, he is either bought off or bullied out of it ; but
this occurs very rarely. Having arranged all these prelimi-
naries, the contractor proceeds to supply the materials,
which are accepted and pronounced good by the officer
charged with the construction, although worth, perhaps,
about half the sum put down in the estimate. This worthy
gentleman pays the contractor a small commission over the
value of the materials, and pockets the remainder. The
business is not yet settled. When the bridge is built it has
to be inspected by some superior officer, who in his turn
fleeces the builder of a part of his profits, and sends in a
report that the bridge is well-built, and likely to last the
required time. This is the way in which nearly all the
government jobs are manage 1, and the consequence is that
you seldom find anything well constructed. The bridge
above-mentioned, which ought to last 30 or 40 years, is
possibly carried away at the end of five or six years, which
is generally attributed to the great floods that take place
in that year ; whereas, had the bridge boon properly con-
structed, it would have stood against any flood, the
strength of which is easily calculated and provided for.
But that is not their object, which is that of the boot-
mender, who to obtain work will repair the boots in one
place and rip a thread in another, so that he may have
another job again soon.
As a proof that peculation is carried on systematically, I
will cite an instance that came under my own observation.
A young German officer of engineers, who was rather more
scrupulous as to peculation than his brother officers, applied
after some years of useful service to the country, to his
superior officer that he would present him to the emperor as
ono worthy of a reward. He was answered that he should
be rewarded for his application to his profession. Shortly
after this he was entrusted with the construction of some
extensive Government works, and sent to a distant Go-
vernment, where he remained two or three years. On his
return he presented himself to his superior, and reported
that ho had completed the works he was charged to su-
perintend, adding that if he was thought before worthy
of notice lie must be still more so now, and that his former
application had never been noticed. The superior said he
was to be more explicit. Upon which he said that he had
never met with any encouragement for his talents ; that,
having completed rather an arduous task, he thought he
might expect some gratification at the hands of the Go-
vernment. The chief smiled, and remarked that ho had
already enjoyed his reward, as, having to prepare all the
plans, conclude and pay all the contracts, he ought to con.
eider himself amply rewarded. The officer stood con-
vinced, at once and for ever, that in that Russian service
honesty was not the best policy. He is living at the pre-
sent moment upon his pay; of about 751. per annum, and
expending not less than 400/. per annum ; yet ho does not
make debts ! The lesson was not lost upon him. We
must only take this case as one that is occurring every day,
and which proves that a man ceases to become "the
noblest work of God" in the holy Russian empire.

THE THOUGHT YAOHT.—A paragraph having gone
the round of all the provincial papers stating that this
yacht was lost in the gale of the 23d, we have much
pleasure in stating that it is utterly without foundation.
She is at present in Dover harbour.
VACANCIES, APPOINTMENTS, AND PROMOTIONS IN
THE CIVIL SERVICE.—Irish Lunatic Asylums Commis-
sion.—The Lords of the Treasury have appointed Mr. J.
L. Donaldson and Mr. James Wilkes commissioners for
inquiring into the cost r.nd construction of lunatic asy-
lums in Ireland. Mr. Spencer Shelley has bee n
lit an ap-
pointed secretary to the commission. etropo
Police,—The office of junior comissionership of metro-
rapolitan police is vacant by the death of Captain William
Hay. Customs.—The office of Comptroller-General of
the Customs is vacant, in consequence of the superannua.
tion of Mr. Edward Owen Pemberton ;
Mr. George
Barrett has been appointed clerk for general business in
rgwaiter at
London ; Mr. Charles S. Paskin has been appointed a
clerk in the Examiner'e Office in London ; Mr. James
Wyrth has been appointed a clerk in the Examiner's
Office in Londonm;_r/5.lrA.
rJcohhibnaldßuLssnenllg,wlialin, tired
d ine .
GlasPow, vice
In-
landßevenue Department (Excise Branchr.
0---;l3.loittrre.dnEto.
APlntyre, first clerk, Store-office, has been promoted' to
rfbeasrtvoerye,liseeeepoenrd, Johnson,vcilceerkl:lvsrt.iocree-rioffla crve,e hraess ibgeneend ; Mr. J. H.
officeri t er,been promoted
be first clerk, vice Mr. M'lntyre,
ey:
has ipromoted
aas
promoted
Farncomb, third clerk, Store.offic.
bLt to
ea t bhi
nei
third
secondcl
droppeder( i clerk,
n t
hpee
rSintoitre7
been promoted to
permit writer, has been promoted'Mr. J. Turner dropped
. the Stine.ofice, Norfollis: to be fourth clerk in
_ _ __ fl evvicc Cit:atc,

GREAT YORKSHIRE _
5 to 1 agst Midsummer (taken freely)
8 to 1 agst Fanny Grey (take 9 to 1)
12 to 1 agst Indian Warrior (taken)
100 to 6 agst Radcliffe Hero (taken)
100 to 6 agst Veteran (taken)

ST. LEGER.
5 to 2 agst Rifleman
7 to 2 agst Oulston
4 to 1 agst Lord of the Isles
10 to 1 agst any of Scott's lot

CESAREWITCII STAKES.
25 to 1 agst Robgill (taken)
25 to 1 agst Atherstone (taken)
25 to 1 agst Elvaston (taken)
25 to 1 agst Mr. Sykes (taken)
30 to 1 agst Saucebox (taken)
30 to 1 agst any other

EGHA.M RACES—FRIDAY.
The Barons' Stakes (Handicap) of 5 sovs each, with 40
added ; for 2-vr-olds. Winners 41b extra. The se.
cond to save his stake. T.Y.C. (12 subs.)
Mr. Matthew's Libellist by The Libel, 7st 91b (Wells) 1
Mr. Fisher's Maid of the Morn, 7st 121 b ...(Hughes) 2
Mr. J. Oliver's Elfrida, Bst 51b (Prior) 3
Colonel Martin's The Spaniard, 7st 91b (Abdale) 4
Mr. Barber's Pretty Boy. 7st 41b (J. Foster) 5
Betting-6 tl 4 agst Elfrida, 3to 1 agst Libellist,
5 to 1 agst the Spaniard. Won cleverly by three.
quarters of a length, half a length between the second
and third, two lengths separated the third and fourth,
and about the same distance the fourth and fifth.
The Eghana Stakes of 5 sovs each, with 25 added, for
3-yr-olds and upwards. Allowances and penalties. The
winner to be sold by auction, &c. If entered to be sold
for 2001., allowed 31b ; 1501., 6th ; 1001., 91b ; 801., 12
lb. One mile. (7 subs.)
Mr. Woolcott's Lady Alicia by Melbourne, 3 yrs (801),
sst $b
(Fordham) 1
Mr. Swan's Freckle, 3 yrs (801.), Get 21b (J. Rogers) S•Mr. Rowland's Matilda, 3 yrs (801.), sst 81b (Bundy) 3
Mr. Steven's Sleeping Partner, aged (801.), 7st 91b
(Prior) 4
Mr. Mellisla's Pyrois, 4 yrs (80/.), 7st 111 b ....(Wells) 5
Betting-5 to 4 agst Lady Alicia, 3to 1 agst Freckle,
Won by a n'-ck ; two lengths between the second and
third. Pad fourth. Pyrois beaten off. The winner was
bomh in for 82 sovs.
The Town Plate of 50 soya (Handicap). Half a mile.
Mr. Mellish's Gossip by Chatham, 5 yrs, 80 51b
(Wells) 1
Mr. Pattison's Hart Royal, 2 yrs, sst 121b(Fordnam) 2
Mr. Woolcott't Brown Brandy, 4 yrs, 7st (carried 7st
21h) (J. G- ater) 3
Mr. B. Land's Vestige, 4 yrs, fist 121 b (G. May) 4
The f,llowintr, also ran :—Mr. Sykes, William
Rufus, Nestor, Pyrois, 'P)holski, Melfi, c by Hartley
Buck, Matilda, c by Clumsy out of Bastile, c by Red
Hrrt out of Refraction, Elfrida, and Who-are-you.

Betting-5 to 1 agst Elfrida, (3 to 1 each agst Gossip
and Mr. Sykes, 8 to 1 agst Nestor, 10 to 1 each agst
Matilda, Hart Royal, and Dastile colt. Won by a head ;
a neck between the second and third, and a head be-
tween the third and fourth. T. d:iolski was fifth ; Eva-
sion colt, Nt-stor, and Pastile colt, well together, were
next. Pyro,s and Alelfi were the last two, beaten off.
The Magna Charta Stakes of 5 cove each, for two and
3.yr-olds. Allowances an penalties. The winner to
be sold for 2001., if eem inded, &c. If entered for
1507., allowed 31b.; 100/., 511). T.Y,C. (9 subs.)
Mr. Sargent'a Jane Shore by Planet, 2 yrs (1007.), Est
llb (Cresswell) 1.
Mr. Saxon's Pretty Girl, 2 yrs (100/.), Est llb
(Fordham) 2
Mr. Parker's Greville, 2 yrs (1007.), Est 61b ...(Alder) 3
The following also ran :—Reuben Martin, Gay,
Haunch of Venison, Piccaninny, Hart Royal.
Beta, g—The betting opened at 6 to 4 agst Jane
Shore, but oloied at 2 to 1 agst her ; 4 to.l agst Haunch
of Venison, 5 to 1 agst Hart Royal. Won by three-
quarters of a length, half a length between the second
and third ; Piccaninny S. as a good fourth. The winner
was claimed by Mr. Saxon.

The Queen's Plate of 100 guineas ; 3-yr-olds, 7st 71b ;
four, 9st ; five, 9st 71b ; six and aged, 9st 101 b. Two
miles and a distance.
Mr. Walker's Winkfield by Alarm, 4 yrs ...(J. Mann) 1
Mr. Thelluson's Rataplan, 5 yrs (Cowley)
Mr. Mellish's Pyrois, 4 yrs (Ashmall) 3
Mr. Blackman's Wait-awhile (h b) carried 31bs over)
(Owner) 4
Betting—Odds ranting from 10 to 1 to 20 to 1 were
betted on Rataplan. Won easily by a length ; the other
two were beaten off.

LATEST BETTING ON THE COURSE.
LEAMINGTON STAKES.
6 to 1 agst Shoreham (taken)
8 to 1 agst Goorkah (taken)
9 to 1 agst Sultan (taken)
10 to 1 agst Pantomime (taken)
10 to 1 agst Kaffir (taken)
BT. LEGER.
9 to 4 agst Rifleman (taken freely)
7 to 2 agst Lord of the Isles (taken)
4to 1 agst Oulston (taken)
10 to 1 agst Grxeulus Esuriens (taken)
12 to 1 agst Capueine (taken)
16 to 1 agst Marchioness (taken)
20 to 1 agst Blooming Heather (taken)
25 to 1 agst Rotherham (taken)
500 to 100 agst Scott's lot (taken to 1000
CESAREWITCH STAKES.
20 to 1 agst Elvaston (taken)
40 to 1 agst Mortimer (by Alarm), (taken)
50 to 1 agst Scythian (taken)
40 to 1 agst Brother to Grey Tommy (taken)
DERBY.
25 to 1 agst Danube (taken)
25 to 1 agst Rogersthorpe (taken)
45 to 1 agst Bucolic (taken)

THE TIP FRATERNITY AGAIN !--We have had a curi-
ous insight into the " new system of betting" advertised
by Messrs. Howard and Clinton, who, although they
"guaranteed a gain in direct proportion to the amount
invested," succeeded in melting a "termer" sent to them
by ,ne of the " Greenhorns," whose only recompence on
complaining to Messrs. H. and C., was the receipt of an
" invoice of the investments" coupled with a hope that
he " would not give up in discouragement, but give us
the opportunity of redeeming your fortuno on the War-
wick meeting! !!" The victim in the, present instance,
however, is bent upon taking some decisive step to re-
cover his money, in the hope of preventing the publie
from being so shamefully fleeced by the whole race of
advertising betting impostors.—Bell's Life.

_
- ---.,---.7-r',fr:7,7C':&:-,y',•,;' .• '
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SPORTING I . LI;ESO ;.:"N.E:lill)A-P--•EX1,„...,,A1
~ ----..,..._ •
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BETTINn-., AT MANCHESTER—Fa-'fir. ' 2cr.'-‘e.'‘.4:9)'.
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,e' r.. rrtFINA- :. , h i
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1
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LEAMINGTON STAKES (WARWICK). if, 4`.•••,,,..";,... . ',' 't.„,,,. , T.,,r4
~ A-',_, --.4-", .-.---t, -, ‘• '',4l',"
,ce, 113 ' . .-_ . .!(.174 r, , '
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nagtsstt
....sShuotraenhatn(taken freely) ',_t. ,01e",.... 001„ .::,..„..,y
..7/7,' (49_ 4'"; - • fel-61.,_ ,
~. .. . . 0, . 1 10 to ~ 1 (taken) 'Ai
1, ' ; - .-:' r ,-;• V
",):' EX A" ''''' - ►---..ri..- / N.: 4 'N. • T-- et% =7
-.,--li*,," -, bil, ,r,. • v:: ':1,,. la/. I. ''', '1 1°) ' i 12Th-ft ~ ..'s'''," 'r li -,
..d i • .1, ,
...,, . . 'l-i
" f 12 to 1 agst Goorkah (taken)
• ''t '" • 12 to Ing 8 t New Warrior (taken) ' ' ta. 11 S '
, .
. • • ' - ' •• • , , 100 to 7 agst Kaffir (taken) , . . ,
..
-.......T.......411
IMMialetriiik - ^ - - ..- . ... ..., .. . . . .. , ..
- - ...-
- ''.
''''''''''''
. . ---LLL-------. ' - . -- -- - - - ..__ „ 100 to 7 agst Cossey (taken)
100 to G agst Cock of the North (taken) . -•,• . . •-•. : .:
ON. SATURDAY EVENING, SEPrI'EMBEit, 1, 1855. [ PRICE 4D. STAMPED SD; ---"-i
!--.
'
GREAT YORKSHIRE HANDICAP.