The Sun.
London, England, 1864-07-18 00:00:00

SECON

EDITION.

SUN OFFICE, HALF-PAST 4 O'CLOCK.

BAVARIA.

The Augsburg Gazette states that the new King
of Bavaria (for the first time) received petitions for
pardon from three persons condemned to death.
Their punishment has been commuted by him to
imprisonment for life.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE—This Day,

CITY BETTING--THIS DAY.
NOTTINGHAM HANDICAP.
2 agst Pearl Diver' (taken)
1 agst Fisherman's Daughter (taken)
1 agat Sir Roger (taken)
1 agst Welcome (taken)
1 agst Tartar (taken and offered)
1 agst Dr Syntax (taken)
MEIN 1100 D STAKES.
3to 2 agst Lemonade (taken)
GOODWOOD STAKES.
sto 2 agst Thalestris (taken and offered)
10 to 1 agat Stanton (taken)
100 to 8 agst Bally Edmond (offered)
100 to 8 agat Blondin (taken and offered)
100 to 8 agst Claxton (taken and off,:xed)
100 to 6 agst Fisherman's Danghtar (taken)
20 to 1 agat &atria (taken)
GOODWOOD CV?,
9to 2 agat Dollar (taken)
6to 1 agst Scottish Chief

7 to
6 to
5 to
6 to
7 to
8 to

BT. LEGBR.
3to 1 agst Blair Athol (taken and offered)
3i to 1 agst General Peel (offered)
600 to 15 agst Claremont (taken)

BETTING AT MANCHESTER—SATURDAY.
There was a rather small attendance. The chief featuro
was the anxiety manifested to get on Thalcstris for Oa°
Goodwood stakes; 3 to 1 would hive been taken to a large
amount, but there were no layers. Dollar was in good re-
quest for Goodwood Cup, 5 to 1 being taken when it could
be obtained.—Closing prices :

GOODWOOD STAILEs.
3to 1 agst Thalestris (wanted)
12 to 1 agst Claxton (offered)
12 to 1 agst Blondin (offf.red)
100 to 8 agst Fisherman's Daughter (taken)
20 to 1 agst Bally Edmond (offered)
60 to 1 agst Limosina (taken)

GOODWOOD CUP.
sto 1 agst Dollar (taken and wanted)
sto 1 apt Scottish Chief (offered)
10 to 1 agst Limosina (taken)
10 to 1 agst Claremont (taken)
.00 to 8 agst East Lancat hire (taken)

LEGFOL
4to 1 agst General ;e1 (taken)

RACING FIXTUaES FOR 1864.

JU:IY.

Nottingham
Winchester l9
Southampton 2,)
Ix,

Brighton.. .. 2
Brighton Club .. 4
Lewes ... . 6
Huntingdon . 9
Wolverhampton , 9
Reading
Egham .... 16
Dover

Chesterfield
King's Lynn
Goodwood ........•.•• 26
Tom

Sir

Weymouth
Baden-Baden
Warwick September 6
Bridgwater 8
Leicester 8
Doncaster

Oxford lB
Yarmouth
York August 23
Plymouth
Lichfield
Devon and Exeter ..., 30
Stookton
Derby 3l

IDEL
Brecon .. 19
Richmond
Royal Caledonian Hunt 21
Monmouth 22
Manchester Autumn
NewmarketFirst October 27

A Confederate View of the " Situation" in

America.

(From the Index.)
The turning point of the campaign, both in Virginia and
Georgia, is now come. It is no longer a question whether
Grant shall capture Richmond this summer and Sherman
advance his outposts to Atlanta. But it is a question, and
a verfiserious one, for the Lincoln Administration whether
the Federal army in Virginia is not hopelessly crippled so
far as any forward movement is concerned, and whether
Sherman's forces are not in imminent peril of destruc-
tion. And yet all Mr Stanton can do at such a crisis is
to preserve an " eloquent" silence—a silence, the mute
terror of which proclaims far and wide through the North-
ern and Western States the failure of their last hope of
enslaving the Southern Confederacy. In our last issue we
ventured to anticipate that if Grant attempted to extend his
line by his left with a view to the semi• investment of Pe-
tersburg, he would be severely handled, and the event has
justified our remarks. It is now known that Grant did ad-
vance upon the Petersburg and Weldon Railroad, and that
the Confederates under Gen. Hill, slipping in between the
2d and 6th Corps, fell upon the rear of the former, and com-
pletely broke it up, capturing and putting hors de combat
not less than 5,000 men. The check at once put a stop to
any forward movement, and Grant's whole army fell back
upon its intrenchments on the eastern side of Petersburg.
Thus, its extreme left resting on the Petersburg and Nor-
folk line of railroad, and its right on the City Point line,
Grant's army occupied the position rather of a besieged than
a besieging force, and was obviously far more intent upon
securing its own communications than assaulting Peters •
burg. Indeed the whole efforts of the Federal General seem
to have been directed loss to the capture of Richmond than

:w;,i~Vl ~G1i...Z~

to cavalry raids in Southern Virginia, as if the destruction
for 24 or 48 hours of a line of railroad would produce a panic
in the Southern capital and compel Lee to retreat. In fact
the Daily _Yews is so delighted with Grant's "masterly in-
activity" as to found its only hope of ultimate victory onthose
cavalry raids, and to compare Sherman's critical position in
Georgia with that of Lee in Virginia. But the difference is
obvious. Lee's depot of supplies is Richmond. The town has
been supplied for a siege. It contains within its limits all the
requirements of a powerful army ; it is abundantly provided
with water, it has immense ironworks and other manufac-
tories, and if Grant remained 12 months in his present position
unless he was able permanently to hold the lines of railroad,
he might far all practical purposes be drilling his men at
Bull Ran. How slight the damage he can do to the rail-
read communications at Richmond must be, is shown by
Wilson's cavalry expedition to the Danville line. This force
is reported to have destroyed 20 miles of the road, but on its
return is attacked by the Confederates, finds the way back
to the Federal camp barred by a strong Southern force, at-
tacks and is beaten, and finally compels Grant to despatch
an army of 30,000 men to its relief. The engagement seems
to have taken place at Beam's station, on the Petersburg
and Weldon line ; and according to Federal accounts
General Wilson was unable to accomplish his purpose.
But the despatch of the 6th and a portion of the 2d
Corps will hardly improve the "situation." Already
we hear that the Confederates are moving in the direc-
tion of the Federal rear ; and it is quite possible that the
attack of General Hill's corps will be repeated, and that
the 30,000 men sent on to extricate the cavalry may
also find on their return a strong Confederate force
barring the way. Certainly the Federals aro very
unfortunate in their cavalry expeditions. Sheridan
failed to reach Gordonsville, or to reinforce Hunter ; and
we now hear of his disastrous retreat from West Point to
the James River with the admitted loss of upwards of
1,600 men. If Wilson's cavalry corps meets with similar
treatment, the raids of the Federal army in Virginia will
speedily come to an end. But, for the moment, the most
dangerous enemies of the Northern army in Virginia are
the heat and the drought. Men and horses, it is said, are
dying by hundreds of the fatigue of a campaign carried
on in such weather. Water was not to be had ; the sin'
balances were hard at work all day carrying the sick to the
rear, and in the hospitals men were dying in crowds, a.
iven
army of veterans would become demoralised by thee° •I'erVhat
tions, supervening on constant defeat in the
let
oso ss weaovfe mayl3p escapedisiev cy:awt
chi ionet
of artillery,
wt same
can be expected or hoped of the raw troops
s
command ? is on the point of
underii'i Grant's
And if General Grant has played,
°l;eintest prospect
p:eiying, his last card, without
ofkthhies fellows. Hunter of'
of his force but is
and large with
safety.and
number of
sstuhaie7
front of the Kenesaw lepleaucnetaoifas
e
his track, and it
bleul22 miles of Atlanta, has
men. The Confederates are 0 a is as yet
uncertain that he has been able. to reach
Sherman, after a,
come to a halt in
after having lost a Peat battle andsome 5,000 men, is re-
ted to be retreating% Generals Wheeler and Forrest are
por
said to be in hie rear with powerful cavalry forces; and if
the story is true that Sherman has already commenced his
retreat, it is possible that se ithin a week or two we may hear
of the greatest disaster that has occurred to the Federal
arms. In Nev York and Washington the "situation" is
beginning to be appreciated. Mr. Chase's resignation,
when he has plunged the North into illimitable bankruptcy,
is 6 months too late for his reputation and his country—
while the fluctuations in the price of gold betoken % state of
things that can only precede a grand crash. On the whole
we are inclined to think that within the next fornight, de-
cisive and highly satisfactory news may be expected from
both of the great Confederate armies.

The accounts from the manufacturing districts
for the past week have been again satisfactory. At
Manchester there has been an increased inquiry for
both clothe and yarns, and prices have been steadily
maintained. The woollen trade of Lecds, Bradford,
and Huddersfield has been seasonably active, while
there has been an augmented demand for lace and
hosiery goods at Nottingham and Leicester. In the
hardware districts of Birmingham, Sheffield, and
Wolverhampton there has been little change of

THE SOITTHERN CONFEDERACY,

(From the limes Correspondent)
RICHMOND, June 7.
Once more hay e the shouts of the combatants and
the roar of their numerous artillery been heard in
the streets of Richmond, and by the calm and im-
perturbable Pref3ident of the Confederacy himself.
Gnce more have the hills and valleys in front of
the Southern capital been stained with blood and
ploughed by cannon balls, and the night air made
hideous by the wail of the wounded and the groans
of the dying. For one month the armies of the North
and the South have been wrestling for the mastery
—been grappling each other in a death struggle.
Daring that brief period torrents of blood have
been spilt, and thousands of hearts have ceased to
beat for ever. And yet the Federal army, note
withstanding it has been handled so roughly, has
marched with such rapidity, has made such nume-
rous and desperate assaults, and has lost so heavily,
is believed to be not one whit nearer to t'ne
goal of its ambition than it was when it crossed the
Rapidan. Trae it is not so far from the Confedes
rate capital if you measure the distance by miles or
leagues ; but if you measure it by the obstacles in
the way—the steady lines and glittering bayonets
of Lee's dauntless veterans—the Federal com.
mender would seem to be as far back from the ac-
complishment of the object of his campaign as ',Chen
e stood upon the red hills of Culpepper. Lraoking
back over the period which has elapsed since Grant
put his large and well-appointed army in motion,
we are able to appreciate the merits of a campaign
which seems destined to end in disaster. The state-
ments of Northern newspapers, the admission of
officers who have been taken prisoners, and the ap
parent confidence of Grant himself, leave no doubt
that he fully expected when he crossed the Rapidan
and turned Lee's right flank that the latter would
retire upon Richmond, and that there would be a
race between them as to which should reach there
first. If such were his expectations he was con-
vinced of his error at ti.e, Wilderuer,l and 3potsyl*
vania Court House, where he found that the Con.
federates had not retreated upon the Capital, and
that he with his far outnumbering army was not
equal to the task of driving them out of his way.
The only alternative left him, therefore, was either
to abandon the undertaking or to imitate the crab,
end advance sideways. He adopted the latter plan,
and it must be confessed he has prosecuted it with
energy and success, since he has at the same time
both covered Washington and threatened Richmond.
In this way he has avoided the necessity of leaving
a considerable force in his rear to protect his capital
as M'Cleilan did when he placed Nl'Dowell at Fre-
dericksburg in 1862 with a column of 40,000 men.
It had been wiser, however, if he had declined
battle at Spotsylvania and the Wilderness, since he
lost more men at those places than M'Dowel.l did
at Fredericksburg. Indeed if he had detached the
same force to cover the capital that NH:ellen did,
and had moved with the main body of his army
around to West Point by water, he might possibly
have formed a junction subsequently with the de-
tached column—at all events he might have saved
the many thousand men who now sleep beneath
the soil of Virginia and crowd the fetid hospitals
of the North. It is only his advance that can be
characterised es having been prosecuted with vigour
and success. The plan of campaign itself is faulty
and unwise to the last degree as the result has shown,
Whatever his advisers may urge in extenuation, the
fact will remain that he might have reached his
present position without a battle or the loss of a
men.

self.

On the Ist instant General Lee, suspecting Grent
would attempt to repeat what is known among
the Confederates as his " crab movement," began
to mar ceavre for position. Kershaw's and Hoke's
divisions of Anderson's Corps (the latter tempora-
rily attached to the corps) were sent to the right to
the old battle-fields of Gaines Hill and Cold Har-
bour, with orders to occupy the eminences in that
quarter. They attacked the enemy in the front,
and drove them to their intrenchments. Breckin-
ricige and Mahone of Hill's Corps were equally
successful in gaining certain advantageous positions.
In the afternoon the enemy attacked Heth, aod were
repulsed by Cocke's and Kirklania's brigades, also
of Hill's Corps. In the meantime a force of infan-
try was pushed from the Whitehouse up to Tues•
tall's station on the York River Railway, on the
Confederate right. It has sines been ascertained
that this force constituted a part of Butler's army,
the greater part of which has already joined Grant.
On the morning of the 20 it was discovered that
Grant had edged away to the right, as Lee had
suspected he wculd do. He had not gone far,
however, for Lee hugged his lines too closely
for him to move except under cover of darkness.
The Confederates were put in motion on a parallel
line, while Early, commanding E well's corps (Ewell
being sick) swung round late is the afternoon and
took the enemy in flank, drove him from two lines
of intrenchments, took 700 prisoners, and inflicted a
heavy loss in killed and wounded, his own loss being
trifling. Gordon, who has been made a major-
general for his gallantry at the Wilderness and
Spotsylvanie, was conspicuous for good behaviour
on this occasion. Night put a stop to the conflict.
Meanwhile Breckenridge, supported by Willcox,
proceeded under orders to attack the enemy on
Turkey Hill on the extreme right, and drove him
from it after a sharp contest, thus securing a strong
and important position which the Federals had al•
ready occupied. This hill commands the approaches
from the north and east to the military bridges
which M'Clelian threw over the Chickahominy. It
was evident that Grant was aiming for :these
bridges; consequently Gen. Lee continued to move
his army to the right on the evening of the 2d, until
he had thrown it right across Grant's path, where
the latter supposed he had comparatively a small
force.

Great must have been Grant's surprise therefore
at half-past 4 o'clock on the morning of the 3d,
when he moved against the Confederates, to find
them in greater force where he expected to find
them weakest, and standing firmly up to their work
behind some rude breastworks which they
thrown up the preceding night. His asss:ait ex-
tended along the entire line, except on tb.d extreme
right, and was everywhere repulsed, with heavy
less. It was not repeated on the ',eft until near the
close of the battle, when it we,s again repulsed. The
chief attack was made upon Kershaw's, Field's, and
Hoke's divisions of Anderson's corps in the centre,
and uPou Breckezridge's and Mahone's divisions
of Hill's corps next on their right, the heaviest
and most determined assaults being directed against
Kershaw and Hoke and the left of Breckenridge.
In many respects the battle was a repetition of
that
of the 12th of May at Spotsylvania Court-
house. While he kept up a threatening attitude
along the whole line, Grant massed a very heavy
force and hurled it again and again with tremendous
violence against a single point. For a few minutes
he broke over the breastworks at a salient on Breck-
inridge's left, and captured three gnus—but, in less
time than it takes me to narrate the circumstances,
General Finnegan rushed into the breach with his
Floridians, and swept the enemy out, retook the
guns which they had just finished loading, and
turned them upon their flying columns. Seven dife
ferent assaults were made amainst Kershaw's front,
each one of which, as were all those made against
Field, Hoke, and Breckinridge, was repulsed with
a slaughter that has to parallel in the war except
at Spotsylvania. It is true that each succeeding
assault was feebler than the one that preceded it ;
but the Federals came near enough each time for
the Confederate marksmen to cut there. down in
wide blue swathes stretching far across the field.
The slaughter was sufficient, one would think, to
satisfy even Grant's thirst for blood. The battle
reged with great violence wail half.past 10 o'clock
five hours—when the Federals retired
beaten at all points, and took shelter behind their
intreechtnents near at hand.
Bat few prisoners were lost or taken by either
side. The loss sus!ained by Grant in killed and
wounded i 3 estimated at 15,000 mon. The loss sus-
tained by the Confederates does not reach 1,000.
At first I was disposed to discredit the latter re-
port, but a visit to the hospitals, to the medical
chiefs of divisions and corps, and the medical direc-
tor of the army, has removod all doubt. The testi-
mony of officers in the trenches is confirmatory of
Brigadier
the reports derived from medical rn cp.

General Law, who received a painful though not
dangerous wound over the eye, states that up to

the time he was wounded-9 a.m.—but three men

in his entire brigade had been hurt, including him•

No people were ever more thoron;hly in earnest
than the people of these States. The schools

have all been closed except for boys and girls
of tender years ; women who have been delicately
reared willingly forego the luxuries and comforts
to which they have been accustomed all their lives,
and give up their linen and silks for the coarse fabrics
produced by the looms of the country ; they perform
the postal service in many parts of the country, and
may be found at the wayside "homes," the hospitals,
the sewing establishments, and, indeed, wherever
there is work to be done or suffering to be assuaged.
Wealthy planters and thrifty merchants and bankers

gladly take their places in the trenches, and beat
all the fatigue of the campaigne equally with the
poorest ; ministers vacate their pulpits to preach in
the woods and fields, and grayhaired fathers send
their sons, to the camp and take their places at the

handles of the plough. And now, when the army
is engaged in a mortal struggle with a multitudinous
foe, pious people everywhere, of every sex and con•

dition, in public meeting and private devotions, offer
prayers day and night without ceasing for the sue.
cesa of the cause and the safety of their loved ones.
Can such a people be conquered ? Ought such a
people to be subjugated ? Even boys of 14 and 15
years of age run away from their parents to join the
army.

And what are the horrors from which these
people are striving to escape? The inhabitants re-
siding on either bank of the lower waters of James
River had already suffered all the evils which
usually follow in the bloody track of civil war, but
it has been reserved for General Butler to impose
new burdens and practise additional barbarities.

In some instances the men have been shot down
by drunken black soldiers or scourged to death, and
then nailed to trees and gate-posts, and their
neighbours, for asking permission to inter their re-
mains, have been forced from their homes and
transported to distant prisons. 'Where the men have
been made to suffer thus, the reader may imagine,
though I shall not attempt to depict the unmention-
able horrors to which women have been subjected,
and under which they have actually perished!
Meanwhile, the world looks on with folded hands,
and grave European statesmen even desire the suc-
cess of the party one of whose trusted officers is this
wretch Butler !

Grant renewed his attack on the nights of the 3d
and 4th, and again on the night of the sth, but
without result ; each assault was repulsed with
heavy loss to himself, and hut little to the Confede-
rates. During the night of the .sth he retired his
right wing about two miles, and placed it behind a
swamp, which protects both the flank and front of this
wing of his army. Not content with this security, he
has thrown up strong intrenchments around his
flanks and along his entire front. It should have been
stated before that the battle of the 3d was fought
upon the same ground as the battles of Gaines' Mill
and Cold Harbour in 1862. It was at Gold Harbour
that Jackson first struck M.Clellan's flank and rear
in his first grand flank movement, a fact well-known
to the Confederates, and from which they drew
fresh inspiration. The position of the armies was
reversed in some respects, the Federals occupy-
ing nearly the same ground the Confederates
held in 1862. In the engagements of that year
at Gaines' Mill and Cold Harbour, M'Clelian,
though strongly intrenched, was driven from his
position with heavy loss. Thus far Grant has found
it impossible to dislodge the Confederates from the
same ground. The latter availed themselves upon
some parts of the field of the works from which they
formerly drove M'Ciellan.
Among the killed on the Confederate side are
Brigadier-General Doles, of Georgia; Colonel L. M.
Keitt, of South Carolina, formerly a distinguished
member of the United States House of Representa-
tives, and Colonel Edwin Willis, of Georgia, a late
graduate of West Point, and one of the most pro.
mising officers in the Confederate army. Among
the wounded are Brigadier. General Law, of Ala-
bama, Kirkland of Georgia, and Lane of North
Carolina, the two first slightly. Major-General
Breckenridge had his horse killed under him in the
night attack of the 4th.
On the evening of the sth General Grant sent a
communication to General Lee, proposing, that
when the armies were not actually engaged either
party may, upon notification to the other, succour
its wounded had bury its dead. General Lee re.
plied that he preferred the custom common on such
occasions—to wit, that the party desiring to remove
its wounded and inter its dead should send in a flag
of truce, and ask permission to do so, adding that
the burial party should be accompanied by white
flags. To this Grant rejoined, affecting to under.
stand General Lee as accepting his proposition, and
informing him that he would send forward • a force
between the hours of 12 and 3 o'clock p.m. of the
6th, to care for the wounded and killed, end that
they would be instructed to carry flags of the kind
designated by General Lee. The latter immediately
informed him that he had misunderstood him, and
that if he, Grant, would send out a party for the
purposeindicated without first obtaining permission
under flag of truce to do so, be would cause the
party to be warned off by his pickets. 1 am not
informed whether any further communication has
been received from Grant. His dead and many of'
his wounded still remain in front of the Confederate
intrenchments, the one poisoning the air by their
stench, and the other vexing it by their cries for
help. The Confederate cannot discharge th-, duties
of humanity on account of the fire of 'rte Federal
and Grant is unwill,,e
it g to solicit -per-
mission to do it, since wo,-,id imply Federal
his defeat.
Thousands of his dead were left unburied at the
Wilderness and SPc'tt',-ylvania Court-house for the
same reason.
uP.".derstand that Grant has made the
usual req,:xst for permission to bury his dead, and
that _Ace has granted it.

THE MURDER OF MR BRlGGS.—Explained by
an imaginary confession in the Spectator :—" Yes,
it is all true as you say, and my name is Herman ---

Swiss, of a German Canton, and I will tell you all about it.
I was at Bow, on the station, and I saw this old gentleman,
and I wanted money much, very much. No, I am not a
thief, but I wanted money very much, and the old gentle-
man took out his watch, and I saw his bag, and I thought
how pleasant it would be to take both, and as I was taking
my seat I saw him get into a carriage alone, and I got out
and went to his carriage, and sat opposite him. He sat in
his corner and dozed. I thought I would take his watch, and
to prevent his crying out I would stun him, so I dropped my
glove, and he stooped kindly enough to pick it up, and I hit
him on the back of his skull with a little life-preserver I
carry, and snatched the watch. But the blow was not hard
enough, and ha revived and looked at me, and said he should
know me again, and I thought of a prison, and hit him agaia,
and again, till the blood spurted all over me, and he lay
dead. Then I got horribly frightened, and thought only
how to get rid of his body, and I seized him and stretohed
out my hand over the door, and opened the handle, making
it all bloody, and lifted him up, and struck my knee for-
ward and threw him on to the next set of rails, thinking all
in a moment the next train would run over him. I was in
a dreadful fright, 'and did not search him or take off his
diamond ring ?—how was I to take his ring with the hand
so clutched with the pain— but when he was gone I tried to
open his leather bag, and made it bloody, but it was
empty, Then I looked out, and the body was not
on the rails but between them, and I looked in and saw the
blood on the cushion and the matting, and I got still more
frightened, and when the train reached Hackney I jumped
out, and the porter was looking for sixpences, and the ticket
man worried by people passing him, and I ran down the em.
bankment in the dark, and buttoned my coat over the bloody
shirt, and put on my gloves over my bloody hands, and got
safe away. Next day I wanted to get rid of the watch and
chain, for 1 wanted money very much, but I thought every
pawnbroker's shop would be visited, and being a foreigner I
did not know any receivers, so I went to Mr Death's and
changed tha chain, and took another and an old ring with a
head on it. I didn't want that, but I was afraid to resist too
much, so I took it and stood in the shadow, and walked away
rapidly. No, nobody assisted me, for lam not English, and
I didn't want to murder the man. No, I don't regret it
very much, I wanted mc nsy so much, and he threatened
me. Why did I pitch out the body? Because I was in a
fright, and it was almost dark. Why did I try for the watch
before we reached the station ? Because I thought if I
quietly in the confusion,
stunned him I could say ho was in a fit, and slip away
and you see afterwards I hadn't
many wits, the blood frightened me so: How did I know
that region so well ? I didn't know it, but I wanted to
avoid the door, and so I
:lumped down there, and got away.
Yes, I took his hat in my fright' and should have taken his
money, only I had no time,
and I thought his leather bag
was sure to have money: 1,