The Sun.
London, England, 1852-10-16 00:00:00

LON DON, SAT URDAY

L ITE RA T URE.

THE POPULAR EDUCaTOR. John Cassell.
Tne first volume of tnis excellent assistAtt towards
proinotivg the education of the people has been com-
pleted. The numrreus subjects which have been
partially treated of in the present will, it is an-
nounced, be completed in the succeeding volume.
History, Languages, and Science in various branches,
receive a clear and happy handling in the pages of the
Popular Educator, and it certainly is entitled to rank
among the most useful cheap publications of the day,
embracing as it does so many subjects, the knowledge
of which tends both to profit and to pleasure. A most
eligible companion to the individual, it supplies a
mine of multifarious information to the family circle,
and as a sound promo•er ti useful knowledge we
strongly commend the Popular Educator.

THE MILITARY HISTORY OF THE
DUKE OF WELLINGTON IN INDIA.

A little volume indispensable to the completion of
a thorough knowledge of the main fea►ures in the
glorious career of the departed hero. The imperish-
able fame of Wellington appears to the majority to
be exclusively based on his great achievements in
European warfare, hut a perusal of these pages will
afford convincing proof that the paramount military
qualities which shone so conspicuously in the fields
of the P ni❑sula and Belgium were early and re-
markably developed in the plains of Hindostan. In
these pages we read the First Act in the mighty
drama of his life, clothed in perspicuous and graphic
language.

BRAZILS AND RIVER PLATE.
SOUTHAMPTON, OCT. 15.—Tne Royal Mail Com-
pany's stetau-ship lay, Captain F. E. Moss, with the
• Brezitian end Rwer ?late mails, in charge of Lieute-
mint Deuneby, R.N., Admiralty c,gent, arrivtd this
j afternoon at two o'clock.

Oa the voyage home the Tay Experienced strong
head winds from Rio de Janeiro to Pernambuco,
from thence to Lisbon moderate weather, after
which there was a continuance of strong northerly
winds,

The Toy brings mails from the following places,
to which the latest dates are affixed : —Buenos Ayres,
Ist Sept.; Monte Video, 4th ; Rio Janeiro, 14th ;
13ahis, 19 h ; Pernambuco, 22,3; St. Vincent, 30th ;
Tenerife, 5 h Oct.; Maleira, 7th ; Lisbon, 10z.h.
The freight of the Tay comprised .pecie to the
amount of 2751., diamonds to the value of 17,2801.
199 bas of cochineal, 45 Loxes of oranges, severe!
cases of tapioca, and a large number of packages of
general merchandise.

-.7 BUENOS AYRES, AUG. 28.—0 n presenting his cre-
dentials, on the 11 th instant, Sir Charles Ilotham
addressed his Excellency the Provisional Director, in
the following terms :
" Sin—The Queen, my august Sovereign, being do-
sir,us to s.reugthen the bonds of amity and goodwill
which happily subsist between the two nations, has
entrusted me, in conjunction with the French Envoy,
with a special mission to the Argentine Coniederation.
The forbearance and humsne consideration of all inte-
rests end all parsons which your Excellency has shown
during your recent campaigns, have inspired her Ma-
jesty and the British public at large with confidence in
your wisdom and judgment. Her Majesty feels assured
that your Excellency will lend your earnest attention
to such measures as in the execution of my instructions
I may at the proper period bring to your notice, and
that you will consider her wishes are directed to the
furtherance cf objects, which, whilst they connect more
closely together the family of nations, she hopes and
believes tend to promote the interest of the countries
over which you preside. Sir, I now do myself the
honour to pre:ent my credentials, convinced that on all
Occasions you will afford me support and assistance.',
To which his Excellency General tirquiza made
the following reply :
" Mr. Minister,—The Argentine Government, which
feels the most lively sympathy for the British people and
for the Government of her Majesty Queen Victoria,
sincerely desires to fortify in a permanent manner the
bonds of amity that happily exist between the two
states, and that they may be perpetual, for their recipro-
cal benefit and convenience. It accepts with cordial
complacency the courteous expression which the Minis-
ter addresses to it, in the name of his august sovereign
and the British people, and will endeavour in its policy
not to belie the confidence it has inspired. The mis-
sion which her Majesty has confided to your Excellency,
conjointly with the French Envoy, is an eloquent proof
of the intentions that animate the policy of her Majesty,
and the Argentine Government will do everything in its
power to draw closer the relations of amity and com
coerce between the two countries. It affords me much
satisfaction, Mr. Minister, to receive the powers that
have been given to your Excellency for tee discharge of
your mission. and in its exercise I will lend every poe-
eible cooperation, that it may have a successful issue."
On the same occasion Chevalier de Saint Georges,
on presenting his credentials, spoke as follows :
" Mr. Director,—l have the honour of manifesting to
your Excellency, the powers, in virtue of which I am
appointed to discharge, conjointly with the envoy of
England, an extraordinary and special commission near
the Government of the Argentine Confederation. On
confiding to me that honourable task the Prince Presi-
dent of tie Republic, lelt complacency in giving your
Excellency an evident proof of his sincere desire to
maintain the most friendly relations with the Argentine
Government, and to see developed the commercial in-
terests that so happily exist between the two countries;
according to the principles of justice and equity, ap•
plicable to all friendly nations,. Prince Louis Napoleon
has entire confidence, Mr. Director, in the personal
character of your Excellency, in the elevation of your
sentiments, and the wisdom of your views. I fulfil
,he orders that have been given me, and discharge a
very welcome duty in expressing this assurance to
your
Excellency, uniting my most sincere and fervent
wishes for the happiness and prosperity of the Argen-
tine pople."
To which his Excellency the Provisional Director
replied as follows :
" Mr. Minister,—It affords me groat pleasure to bo
informel of the powers, in virtue of which your Ex.
cAlency
is appointed to discharge, conjointly with the
Envoy of England, an extraordinary and special mission,
near the Government of the Argentine Confederation.
Inthis step taken by the President of the French Re-
public, I see with pleasure the desire hd entertains of
re establishing the friendly relations that have united
France with the Republic I have the honour to
direct ; and to cement, in a manner honourable to
both countries, the basis of a solid development of the
great commercial interests that unite them. This sen-
timent is not less cordial and lively on my part, and
I will use every effort compatible with the obligations
imposed upon me by position, and with the honour and
interests of the Confederation, that the wishes of the
Prince President, which are also my own, may have an
effective realization. It has been satisfactory and affect-
ing for me to learn the confidence which the President
of the French Republic has in me, personal character,
and to be acquainted of his prayers for my felicity and
for the prosperity of the Argentines people. I most
cordially appreciate them. The prayers are not less
sincere and ardent, which I present to the Almighty,
for the happiness of the I
--)",ce President, and for all
that cencerus the welfare and prosperity of France.
I trust so to evidence it, during the course of the mis-
sion that has been confided to the lofty capacity cf
your Excellency."
Drs. Carril and Lahitte have been declared duly
elected as the two representatives for the province
of Buenos Ayres. With the exception cf Don Angel
Elia and Dr. Diego Alvear, for the province of Rioj9,
we are not aware that any of the other appointments
have transpired.

IVe read in the British Packet:—
" The Chergé d'Affaires of Bolivia has presented a
protest against the fourth article of the Paraguay treaty,
as compromising the right of his Republic to the joint
navigation of the river Paraguay. Without admitting
the protest cr in any way prejudging the pretension of
thes Bolivian Government, the Argentine Government
has referred tho case with its antecedents to that of
Paraguay; and in the present mood of South American
diplomacy,de en equitable and amicable solution may con-
fintly be anticipated. The opportucte recognition of
the Republic of Paraguay has
cut the gordian knot of
old and inverate negotiations, and it is currently reported
that Sir Charles Ii thaw is about to proceed to Ascuns
n in her Majesty's steamer Locust ; and we have no
doubt that in a very short time the Plate, the Parana,
and the Paraguay will be constituted what Providence,
ail wise and all good,
the tborouglmtreo nations."
intended them to be—
The same journal sass :
We eire happy aenounce, or, the authority of
official documeets, that the ominous achisen tvhich gave
rise to the
Pruckuea;.ien of General Benevides, has been
amicably
adjusted; and that the legal governor proprie-
tary is reinstated in his honours and authority, without
shedding a single drop of blood, or any kind of hostile
collision. Having inserted the proclamation, partly to
warn our friends at a distance, that complication,. and
mischief were probably brewing, we now request special
attention to the interesting fact, that the danger is past
end gone. 'Pane itnportaoce of this pacific triumph, to
the grand cause of national organization, it is impos-
sible to over-rate ; and the friends of order, and the
advocates of progress and humanity, have double cause
for complacency.
"As regards commercial prospects, the amicable re-
cognition of the political independence of the Republic
of Paraguay, and the consequent opening of our interior
rivers to foreign flags, the right hand of fellowship and
intercourse extended to Bolivia, and the convergence of
Argentine interests in a national focus, cemented by re-
ciprocal interests, and guaranteed by recognised rights,
cannot fail to give a salutary and lasting impulse to the
trade of the River Plate. hi due course Paraguay must
become an important outlet for European manufactures;
but, after the fairy tales that have been told of its
wealth and teeming population, we think there is a
danger of its immediate importance, as a consumer of
foreign products, being greatly overrated. As to pri-
mary necessi:ies the Paraguayans require nothing, as an
isolated existence of more than forty years clearly de-
monstrates, and a reasonable period must be allowed to
foster, if not croste, a taste for the fineries and luxuries,
that will doubtless follow in the course of their progres-
sive advancement. We record this opinion distinctly, in
the hope of moderating the effervescence of a speculative
enthusiasm, which:might prejudice individuals, without a
corresponding benefit to any cause or interest.
" The substance of the preceding remarks applies
equally to several of our interior provinces, whose ex-
port resources must be developed before much stress is
laid on their consuming ability.
" That the province of Buenos Ayres is in good
earnest, may be inferred from the unflagging energy of
the Administration, the many important social and mu-
nicipal reforms alrosdy effected, and the respectable list
of announced and projected enterprises. Of the latter,
bearing directly or indirectly on mercantile interests, we
may mention a mole or docks, several lines of railway,
the opening of two or more ports to the south, a steam
navigation company, a public exchange, a provincial
code, and, to crown and concentrate all, the national
constitution. In short, two of the most hopeful symp-
toms of our case are the increasing interest evinced by
the public in the discussion of these projects, and the
ready and hearty cooperation of the most opposite poli-
tical colours in carrying them into effect. Active em-
ployment in matters of public interest and beneficence,
and the contact resulting from their daily deliberations
are the best recipe for softening party asperity; and of
this agency his Excellency the Provisional Director
has availed himself with consummate tact and sa•
gacity."
The following is the text of the treaty signed be-
tween, the Argentine Confederation and the Republic
of Paraguay :
H. E. the Provisional Director of the Argentine Con•
federation, General Don Juste Joe de Urquiza, end
11. E. the President of the Republic of Paraguay. Don
Carlos Antonio Lop( z, with the view of fixing definitely
the relations between the two States, founded on the
principle of reciprocal interest, community of origin,
and other circumstances that naturally unite
them, have resolved to establish in the more neces-
sary part their territorial limits, establishing at the
%erne time the basis on which their comire ree mei Davi-
gation aro to b ,seeerged between the two li.,pu!-Alcs;
and for that purpose have named as their plenipoten-
tiaries, viz.;-11. E. the Provisional Director of the