The Sun.
London, England, 1864-06-29 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JUNE 29, 1864.

four year olds should carry lOst 21b, five year olds Ilst 61b, The next place he visited was Bokhara, distant 10 or 12
and six year olds and aged horses 12st, and that they should days' journey on camels from Khiva. On the road his party,
run four mile heats. So long as that system was me intained, to avoid a horde of Turcoman robbers, were obliged to seek
we had retained our supremacy in the breed of horses; but refuge in the desert of Djan-Batiran (the life destroyer),
by some unfortunate influence lighter weights and shorter where for six days they suffered horribly from thirst, and
distances had been introduced, and from that time the de- lost two of their number. The city of Bokhara occupies more
terioration of our breed of horses had gone on. Mr Dicken- ground than Teheran, but it is not so populous. Some of
son went back 40 years; but when Lord Redesdale had in- the palaces and mosques are built of stone, but the large
trodaced a bill on the subject in 1860 in the other house, he clumsy turrets produce adisagreeable impression. The whole
stated that the same complaints had been made as long ago Khanat of Bokhara he estimated to comprise two million
as 70 or 80 years of the decrease of stoutness and soundness souls, including Persian slaves. The reigning prince is
of our horses. In the same debate the Earl of Derby had Moozaffared-din, son of the Khan who murdered Conolly
traced the gradual diminution of the test demanded of horses and Stoddart. He is a man of good disposition, but is forced
until its culmination in the light weight handicaps of the for political reasons to commit many tyrannical and barber-
present century, and of the great number of two year old ous acts. After spending a month in Bokhara M, Viimbery
horses, which every man must deplore. He believed this was proceeded full of anticipation to the renowned city of Samar-
brought about by the desire of those who had the direction cand. He travelled for six days through a thickly-peopled
of turf matters to induce a great number of persons to come and well-cultivated country, and was greatly surprised at
upon the turf; but it was altogether incompatible with the quick succession of towns and villages on the road.
such a system as would retain a breed of stout horses. But in Samarcand he was much disappointed. He found
He (Mr P. Wyndham) was aware that a great many per- the capital of Timour in a state of decay, and although he
sons would deny that such deterioration had taken place ; saw a few remains of its ancient glory, was convinced that
but they had such evidence to prove that the horses of the ancient reputation of the place was greatly exaggerated.
former days ran distances of six miles or four mile heats, The most remarkable of the ancient edifices were the me-
carryine; 12st and 13st, and that they remained on the turf dresses or colleges, one of which, erected by the wife of
five years, as to leave no doubt on the subject. Horses in Timour, a Chinese princess, was a most splendid building;
thews days performed such tasks that if they were imposed but the magnificent portico, 100 feet high, inlaid with mo-
ttp on modern. horses would inevitably kill the animals. sale in the form of roses, is now all that remains of
As a proof of the structural alteration which had taken it. The palace of Timour he described as very interest-
place in our modern breed of racehorses, the hon. member ing, especially his tomb and a huge block of green
referred to well-known faithful portraits of famous race- stone, the base of his throne, which must have been de-
horses of the last century, which were more like hunters rived from some distant country, although how it was con-
than the modern racer, though they were thorough-bred. veyed to the place is now difficult to surmise. M. Vambery
The hon. member quoted General Peel against handicaps, terminated his narrative with his arrival at Herat in Octo-
as encouraging trickery, and showed that the proportion of her; the country to the north of which place he found in
two-year-old horses on the turf to three-year-olds had in- great disorder, owing to the revolt against the Affghan
creased 2toB in 1829, while in the present year the proper- yoke consequent upon the death of Dost Mohammed.
tion was 8} to 7. He complained that the conditions under Sir H, RearnrstsoN said the country which M. Vambery
Which Queen's plates were run at present pleased nobody, had traversed was interesting in a twofold point of view. In
The distances were not long enough, nor the weights heavy the first place, it had hitherto been a terra incognita, and in
enough, for those who wished to see the old stout breed of the next place it possessed great political interest, as form-
horses encouraged ; while, on the other hand, they were not ing the debatable land which intervened between the Rus-
sufficiently modernised to be in harmony with the present sian Empire and our own Indian possessions. It would be
system of racing. He contended that some alteration should remembered that 25 years ago great alarm was felt at the
be introduced by which a class of horses capable of improv- extension of Russian influence in Central Asia. T hat
ing the general breed should be encouraged. feeling, which brought about the Affghan war, had passed
Sir J. SHELLEY seconded the motion. away, and had been succeeded by a feeling of supineness
Mr NEWDEGATE thought the introduction of railways which, in his opinion, was as little to be justified as the
had something to do with the deterioration of the breed of previous alarm. We have very much lost sight of what had
horses. Agreeing with the hon. gentleman who had brought been going on during the last 25 years. While we have
forward the motion, he suggested that no Queen's plate been imagining that all was quiescent, the Russian and
prize should be run for unless the sum so given was doubled English frontiers have been gradually approximating over
or trebled by subscribers. In this way he thought many a space of 1,000 miles, so that at present there is only a
good horses that were now exported might be retained for breadth of 500 or 600 miles between the twe frontiers. This
the improvement of the breed, is a matter which ought to interest the English public, and
Sir R. PEEL said that abolishing Queen's plates to which attention should be drawn. He begged to be un-
would do away with a certain amount of encouragement derstocd that he attributed no hostility to England on the
for people to run their horses. He trusted the hon. mem- part of the Russian Government in this extension of fron-
ber would not press the motion to a division. 'l'he noble tier towards India, It is a sort of law of nature—stated to
lord at the head of the Government had authorised him to be such by the late Sir R. Peel—that when civilisation
im-
say that the Government, in conjunction with the Master pinges on barbarism, barbarism must give way, The jour-
ot the Horse, with whom rested the power of regulating ney of M. Vambery was therefore of great value, because it
weights and distances for the Queen's plates, would con- will make us acquainted with coun tries full of ao much
eider what alterations could be introduced to test to a political interest to England. Many portions of the route
greater extent the power of horses competing for these which he had followed were entirely new, and he might
plates. He did not think, however, that heavy weights fairly claim the honour of having been the first European
and long distances would be attractive to the public. He who had visited and described Samarcand for 450 years.
saw a right hon. gentleman opposite who, he trusted, would He was glad to learn that an ample account of M. Yam-
be able to inform the house that the breed of horses had not berg's travels was about to be puolished by Mr Murray, so
deteriorated, He hoped his hon. friend would not press that the general public would soon be put in possession of
his motion, as the noble lord at the head of the Government full details.
had given him an assurance that the question of weight Lord Strangford, Dr Worthington, Mr Crawford,'Mr
and distance would be taken into consideration, with a Drach, Mr Markham, and Mr Michell took part in the dis-
view of seeing whether the object of his hon. friend could cussion which followed, and whch related chiefly to the
not be attained. great trade, especially in cotton, which was carried on be-
General PEEL entirely disagreed from his hon, friend, tween Bokhara and Russia.
that the breed of horses had deteriorated in this country; on The PRESIDENT closed the proceedings by saying that
the contrary, he believed there had never before been a long before England had any empire in the East Russia
breed possessed of so great powers of endurance and speed. had carried on a trade with Bokhara, so that there could be
He might claim to speak with some authority on that point, no ground for jealousy in that respect. He announced also
having himself been a breeder of horses for 40 years. He that M. Vambery was making preparation for another
objected to the abolition of these Queen's plates, because journey, in which he intended to penetrate into China,
there was no other prizes for which old horses could run, taking Samarcand as his starting point.
and he further objected to increasing the distance and the
weight, because if they did so to any great extent none but
common hacks would be entered.

TUE CONFERENCE,

Mr GREGORY agreed with every word which had
fallen from his right hon. and gallant friend. In con•
demning these races the house would condemn the very
best thing for keeping up the breed of horses. He wished to
maka a remark respecting the way in which the Queen's
plates were distributed in Ireland. Out of the 15 in that
country 11 were run for at the Curragh. That produced
very considerable inconvenience, for it often happened that
a horse went to the Curragh for one week and took away
all the prizes. Now he wished, not that all these plates
should bo removed from the great centre of racing, but that
three or four of them should be sent into the provinces, and
that they should be run for wherever there was a proper
race—course.

iS The following is the Protocol of the last sitting
of the Conference :
The Protocol of the preceding sitting is read and

proved.

Earl Russell reads the following declaration :
"The belligerent Powers are on the eve of re-
suming hostilities. This determination puts an end
to the deliberations, the object of which was the
restoration of peace.

"Although this object has not been attained, it
is my duty to do justice to the efforts which the
Plenipotentiaries assembled in Conference have
made to arrive at a pacific conclusion, and at the
same time to point out the circumstances which
have prevented the accomplishment of this work of
conciliation.

Mr.FOLJAMBE complained of the great extent to which
tie breeding mares were sent out of the country.
Lord PALMERSTON said he entirely agreed in what
had fallen from the right hon. and gallant gentleman oppo-
site (General Peel). He differed altogether from those who
contended that the breed of horses had deteriorated; on the
contrary, he thought the general breed of horses was better
as to substance and power of endurance. Any one who
went into a racing stable and noticed the size, build, and
substance of the horses could hardly wish for anything
better in those respects, The fact was, that greater pains
were taken in the present day to force on a young horse.
But there is one immediate test, and that had been men-
tioned by his hon. friend. If the breed of horses had dete-
riorated, foreigners would not come to England to buy our
horses; but the complaint was that every year more and
more people came from abroad to purchase horses in Eng-
land. (Hear, hear.) That was proof that the English
horse was a good horse. In regard to the particular motion
before the house, he had no objection to say that the ques-
tion should be considered by the Master of the Horse, who
would communicate with the best judges of tut f matters, in
order to ascertain whether a return to greater weights and
longer distances would not be advisable.
Mr. P. 'WYNDHAM then withdrew his motion.
WEIGHING OF GRAIN (PORT OF LONDON)
BILL.
On the motion of Mr CRAWFORD, the following
gentlemen were nominated the select committee on this
bill—Mr Crawford, Sir John Shelley, Mr Alderman Rose,
Mr Ayrton, and Mr Francis William Russell, and five
members to be nominated by the committee of selection.
BLEACHING AND DYEING WORKS ACTS
EXTENSION.
Mr, BRUCE obtained leave to bring in a bill to place
the employment of women, young persons, and children,
in the occupations of finishers, hookers, lappers, and
makers-up and packers in warehouses under the regulation
of the Bleaching and Dyeing Works Extension Act.
ELECTION PETITION ACT (1848) AMENDMENT.
Sir C. O'LOGHLEN obtained leave to bring in a bill to
amend " The Election Petitions Act, 1848," in certain
particulars.

" With this view the Plenipotentiaries of Great
Britain deposit to-day among the archives of the
Conference a summary of the proceedings which
commenced on the 25th April and which terminate
on the 25th June.

" This narrative shows the importance which the
representatives of the neutral Powers have attached,
since the opening of the Conference, to the mainte-
nance of the reciprocal engagements resulting from
the treaty of London to the Bth of May, 1852. It
shows also their unanimous resolution not to depart
from those engagements before having devised, by
mutual agreement, new arrangements calculated to
provide guarantees for the peace of Europe equiva
lent to those Ythich were the result of the European
Act concluded in 1852.

" With this intention the Plenipotentiaries of
France, of Great Britain, of Russia, and of Sweden
and Norway have devoted their efforts to bringing
about an equitable arrangement, designed to pre.
serve henceforth the independence of the Danish
monarchy, since an unequal contest has inflicted an
inevitable injury on the integrity of that State.
"The bases of that arrangement having been ac-
cepted in principle by the belligerent Powers, the
arrangement of the questions of detail wiiich this
plan, cordially supported by the neutral Powers,
comprised remained to be settled.

" The difference, thus reduced within narrow
limits, would have admitted of a successful solution
if Vie decision of an impartial Power,to which it was
recommended by her Britannic Majesty's Govern-
ment to appeal, had been accepted with mutual con-
fidence.

ELECTION PETITIONS BILL.
The adjourned debate on the amendment on going into
committee on this bill was resumed by
Sir F. GOLDSMID, who said he hoped to satisfy the
house that this was a bill which ought not to receive its
assent. It was founded upon principles unjust and contra-
dictory. The hon. gentleman was proceeding with his re•
marks. when

" This hope is not to be realised. The narrative
which I em about to deposit in the archives of the
Conference will point out the circumstances which
have forbidden the accomplishment of a plan of
conciliation supported by the neutral Powers and
suggested to her Britannic Majesty's Government
by a sincere desire to prevent the recurrence of the
calamities of war.

An HON. MEMBER moved that the house be counted,
and, 40 members not being present, the house stood ad-
journed at half past 8 o'clock.

ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY,

" Public opinion will see with regret that the
hopes of peace have vanished, because the parties
directly engaged in this dispute have been unable
to come to an understanding with regard to the
tracing of a frontier, leaving a difference of some
square miles of territory more cr less to the south
or north. Public opinion will also recognise that a
few days more devoted to reflection, instead of hav-
ing recourse to arms, might have contributed to
calm resentment, to enlighten the belligerents to
their real interests, and to lead the Cabinets to
more pacific resolutions.

the 14th and last meeting of the present session of this
society was held on Monday evening, the 27th inst., at
Burlingto
Ahouse, Sir Roderick I. Murchison, President,
in the chair.

paper read was a description of the island of
KiTshhe
m ,in first
the Pertian Gulf, by Col. Pelly. Kiska lies
line of the overland telegraph to India,
and,
nt etxhaecdiscussion
Which followed the reading of the
paper, Sir H. Rawlinsoet
explained to the meeting the pre-
sent condition of the telegraph.
rei Two years ago he had ex-
faculties in the way of the line
wplhaiinched to
determineditwtahsethsoecnietyth d e i
to
follow,
and also that there
was a method of evading the obstacle by taking the more
circuitous route to the East through Persia. Those antici-
pated difficulties had been realized, tad the part of the line
between Bagdad and Butsorah would always, under the
most favourable circumstances, be preeatious. The alter-
native line had now been adopted, and would be ready in
September, but he reminded the meeting that, at the pre-
sent time, we were communicating from London to Bagdad
two or three times a week—and also with Teheran through
Russia, which facts were not generally known,
The next subject was a communication from M. Vanebery,
a Hungarian traveller, who had recently penetrated, in the
disguise of a dervish, through the territory of the Ture,e-
mans to Khiva, Bokhara, and Samarcand in Central Asia;
travelling through districts which had not been visited by a
European since the days of Marco Polo. After several
years of preparation in a Mahomedan college he joined at
Teheran in March, 1863, a company of poor pilgrims, who
were returning to Tartary from Mecca, giving out that he
was a pious Mussulmen travelling to Central Asia with a
religious object. They crossed the south-east corner of the
Caspian Sea on board a Turcoman corsair and landed at
Geurenshtepe (" the silver hill"), a ,camp of about 2,000
tents of the Tamut tribe. From this place he visited the
ruins of the wall built by Alexander the Great, which com-
mence, on the shores of the sea, near this place, and
stretches about 100 miles inland, in the form of an em-
bankment dotted with turrets and fortifieations. Con-
tinuing with the party, in a northerly direction east of
the Caspian,
he passed the river Attrek, crossing the
Hyreatian desert, a horrible journey of twenty-two days,
and reached Khiva at the beginning of June. The pre-
sent condition of the country of which Khiva is the capi-
tal he described as most wretched. The reigning Prince,
Said Mohammed, a sick tyrant, does little else but slaughter
hundreds of his subjects for mere trifles which he calls
transgressions of the holy religion of Mohammed. M. Yam-
bery made excursions as far as Koongrad, and was asto-
nished at the great fertility of the country, which he
thought superior to anything he had hitherto seen in Asia.

"To-morrow hostilities will recommence,withont
the advice of the Powers desirous of peace having
succeeded in preventing the renewal of a conflict so
deeply to be regretted.

" Whatever may be its issue, the Courts of France,
Great Britain, Russia, and Sweden remain none the
less animated with a sincere desire to see the Danish
Monarchy maintain its independence, as the pre-
servation of that State constitutes an element of
:he balance of power in the North.

" Their wish in separating is that this principle
may continue to be the basis of future operation."
The summary of the proceedings of the Confer-
ence, of which Earl Russell has spoken, is then read,
and this document is annexed at his request to the
present Protocol.
Count de Bernstorff wishes to say a few words in
reply to Earl Russell's declaration, Ha expresses
himself as follows
"It is obviously impossible that we should be
authorised to make an official reply to the declara-
tion which the President of the Conference bas just
read, and with the contents of which we were not
previously acquainted; but I think that, without
in any way binding my Government with reference
to events which belong to the future, and to even-
tualities which cannot be calculated beforehand, I
may remark at once that it was never the inten..
Lion of my Government to threaten the political in-
dependence of Denmark, but that the sole question,
in dispute has always been that of the Duchies."

Baron de Beust icquires what is the object of
the summary which h:►s been read.
The Earl of Clarendon replies that it is an ac-
count of the sittings of the Conference which has

been drawn up by mutual agreement by the Pleni-
potentiaries of the neutral Powers, and which in-
volves no responsibility on the part of the Pleni-
potentiaries of the other ?owers represented in the
Conference.
The Plenipotentiaries el the belligerent Powers,
as well as the Plenipotentiary of the Germanic
Confederation, expressly !eserve to themselves the
right and the power of replying to it.
Count Apponyi says that he has, on his part, a
declaration to make, wtich it becomes, in his
opinion, doubly necessary to read after the sum-
mary which has just been communicated to the
Conference. His declaraton is intended to defend
the rights and the respmsibility of the Govern.
ments of Austria and Prussia. He states, mere.
over, that the absence of objections on the part of
the Plenipotentiaries of tle German Powers to the
acceptance of this summary as an annex to the Pro-
tocal in no way implies taeir adhesion to the con.
tents of this document.
Similar reservations are made by the Plenipoten-
tiaries of Denmark; and NI. de .Krieger claims for
the eventual reply of hi 3 Government the same
publicity as that which w.ll be given to the above.
mentioned annex.
Count Apponyi then reads the following declara-
tion in the name of the Plenipotentiaries of the
allied Courts :
" Daring the whole of the deliberations of the
Conference, the result of which has unfortunately
not been in accordance wits the pacific object which
it had in view, the Germat Powers have not ceased
to be animated by that spiit of peace and of con-
ciliation which induced thorn to accept the invita-
tion of her Britannic Majeity's Government to meet
in Conference in London .co devise means for the
restoration of peace.
"The insurmountable oistinacy with which the
Danish Government witbirew from the engage-
ments which they had contracted, and refused to do
justice to the German subjects of the KingaDuke,
inflicted a severe wound on the national honour of
Germany. After every means of conciliation, em-
ployed with persevering patience, had been ex-
hausted, Federal execution in Holstein, the occupa-
tion of Schleswig, and finally war by Austria and
Prussia against Denmark became inevitable.
"After a succession of sanguinary contests, the
mainland of Denmark fell into the hands of the
allied Powers, and the public voice of Germany
loudly demanded the complete abolition of the tie
which united Schleswig- and Holstein to Denmark,
and the conversion of the two Duchies into an inde-
pendent German State under its proper dynasty.
"Notwithstanding this, Austria and Prussia did
not hestitate to come to the Conference with decla.
rations which were not directed in principle against
the integrity of the Danish monarchy, but only de-
manded that the point of right in the question of
succession should not be prejudged, and that the
political and administrative independence of the
Duchies should be secured.
"It Wad Denmark who peremptorily rejected as
inadmissible the idea of a personal union. Persisting
in its fatal tendency to incorporate Schleswig, the
Court of Copenhagen rejected the only conditions on
which the allied Powers could have consented with
honour to the continuation of the union of the
Duchies with Denmark.
" From that moment the principle bf the separa-
tion of the Duchies from the Danish Crown became
necessary for the German Powers, and the principal
condition of peace.
"Ever, in this new phase of the negotiations their
conciliatory dispositions were in no way diminished.
The great importance which the inhabitants of
Schleswig and Holstein attach to the integrity of
the two Duchies, and to their union in one undivided

State, is well known. These sentiments are deserving
of respect, and it was therefore a considerable sacri-
fice which Austria, Prussia, and the Germanic Con-

between Schleswig and the Danish Crown, with
which that country has been incorporated for more
than a century; nor did it make any alteration in
the relations between the Duchies of Lauenburg
and of Holstein and the Germanic Confederation,
to which the King of Denmark belongs as regards
Holstein and Lauenburg ; and it did not give to
the Germanic Confederation any kind of com-
petence other than that which it possessed
in virtue of the Federal Act and of the subsequent
resolutions legally taken in consequence of that
Act. As regards Schleswig particularly, the Ger-
manic Diet had already recognised in 1823 that
that Duchy was perfectly free from any influence
on the part of the Germanic Confederation.
"Not only all the non-German Sovereigns, but
also (with scarcely one exception) all the more
considerable, and soma of the less considerable,
States of Germany took part in the conclusion of
the Treaty of London, or subsequently adhered to
that treaty. No Federal resolution tan liberate the
German States from the obligations which they
have ,:hus taken ; the Germanic Confederation can-
not release any one of the Sovereigns represented in
the Federal Assembly from the obligations con-
tracted by them in the most solemn manner. A
contrary practice would entirely overthrow the
principle of European international law on which
the existence of the Confederation is based.
"The authority of the Germanic Confederation
is limited by treaties, by the Federal Act, and by
the subsequent resolutions taken legally in conse-
quence of that Act. Its members are not legally
subjected to any vote of the majority. The Danish
Government have never recognised the legality of
the reasons on which the Confederation based the
resolution of execution which was carried into effect
in Holstein during the last winter; but they did not
at the time think fit to oppose it by force, and in
the same manner they submitted to the altogether
illegal suspension of the King's authority in Lauen-
burg.

" Prussia and Austria have invaded by armed
force the non-German countries of the King of
Denmark. Those Powers commenced this war,
alleging as a reason that the King of Denmark had
arbitrarily withdrawn from the performance of
certain obligations contracted with Prusiia and
Austria.

"Denmark, ready to account for her actions, her-
self solicited a mediation in conformity with the
declaration of Paris. She subsequently accepted the
invitation to a Conference, supposing that the trans-
aetions,the pretended violation of which had afforded
a pretext for the invasion, would also afford a basis
for the negotiations. The Danish Government are
persuaded that if a discussion had taken place on
this basis it would have been proved that it is not
Denmark who has arbitrarily withdrawn from the
performance of her obligations; they think rather
that it would have been shown that it is Germany
which has rendered it impossible for the King to
execute the intentions which the German Govern-
ments engaged themselves not to oppose. This dis-
cussion has been rejected by Prussia and Austria,
and instead of availing themselves of the opportu-
nity which still offered to effect an amicable arrange-
ment they have attempted to withdraw from the
European obligations created by the Treaty of
London.

federation made from a desire for the restoration of
peace, in consenting to cede a part of the northern
territory cf Schleswig to the Crown of Denmark as
a compensation for his Danish Majesty's surrender
of the Duchy of Lauenberg.
" The conciliatory disposition of the German
Powers did not stop here. The peace which seemed
now to depend on an understanding of the subject
of the tracing of the frontier might have been con-
cluded it Denmark hnd not raised pretensions which
would have restored to her the capital itself of the
country which the Germans arms had released from
her rule, and the integral union of which .with
Holstein Germany had a right to claim.

" The Danish Pleuipotentiaries need not no w
dilate on the state of things which has been the con-
sequence of the attitude thus assumed by the German
Powers. The Danish Government had indulged in
the hope that the sacrifices which they had declared
themselves ready to make in accepting the proposal
of May 28 last would be sufficient for the restoration
of peace, but that hope not having been realised, it
only remains for the Danish Plenipotentiaries to
refer to the reservation recorded in the conclusion of
their declaration of June 2, and they are instructed
expressly to declare that, in virtue of that reserva-
tion, the Danish Government resume from this mo•
ment, on the ground of the treaty of London of May
8, 1852, the position which they had only abandoned
provisionally from their desire for peace, and on the
condition that, the peace to be concluded should be
adapted to replace the provisions of that treaty."
Baron de Boost expressed himself in these terms :
"The task which was imposed on me in coming
to the Conference consisted principally in maintain•

"It was Austria and Prussia, too, who during the
whole course of the negoliations, and at every op-
portunity, insisted on the necessity of a prolongation
of the suspensicn of arms, or the conclusion of a
formal armistice, in order that the work of pacifica-
tion might not be incessantly compromised by the
continual and imminent danger of hostilities. On
this subject, also, the conduct of our adversaries has
been quite different. Denmark refused the proposal
of the neutral Powers for tte conclusion of an armis-
tice, which would have restored Jutland to her, in
exchange for the complete evacuation of Schleswig.
She only consented to a suspension of hostilities for
one month, and refused to )rolong this tern, already
so short, for more than a fortnight.

" One further fact points out also the moderation
which the German Powers have shown to the last,

After the Plenipotentiaries assembled in Confer-
ence had failed in their efrorts to come to an under-
standing on a line of frontier to be drawn in Schles-
wig, Austria and Prussia, in conformity with the
text and the spirit of the Protocol of Paris of 1856,
declared themselves ready to continue these nego-
tiations in the form of a mediation intrusted to
a neutral Sovereign, not represented in the Confer
once. This last means of arriving at an under-
standing, the acceptance of which would have
naturally resulted in the continuation of the sus-
pension of hostilities, again offered by the German
Powers, was equally rejected by Denmark.
" There remains, consequently, but one duty for
the German Powers to perform—it is that of
solemnly declaring that they decline, in the name
of their Gbvernments, the responsibility of the
blood which will be shed and of the evils which will
result from the renewal of the war. This responsi-
bility cannot fall on the Powers whom they have

_
ing intact a question of right. The Conference
has, I hope, understood how much its accomplish-
ment has tended to limit my personal disposition to
show myself conciliatory and to enter on the path
of arrangement. But I flatter myself that I have
never forgotten the consideration which seemed to
me to be necessary in order to avoid wounding sus-
ceptibilities. I regret the more that it is only at
the conclusion of our deliberations that the first
Plenipotentiary of Denmark has raised questions
on which I was unwilling to enter, and which I
should at least have wished to discuss sooner. Since.
however, the Treaty of 1852 is to be reverted to, I
will also indulge in a few observations on this sub-
ject. It is not for me to decide on the question
whether, after all that has passed in the Conference
the Treaty of London can be regarded as intact,
although it appears to me that either a treaty is
invalid or it is rot, and that from the moment that
the contrary has bee❑ proposed and accepted it can
no longer be pretended that it is so. It is sufficient,
according to my views, that the Confederation has
never adhered to it. I now hear the adhesions of
the German Governments quoted. Such adhesions
did, in fact, take place ; reservations also were made,
as, for example, that of Saxony with regard to the
competency of the Diet. But let me be allowed to
go further. I have never denied that in principle
the object of the Treaty of London was a desirable
one. Some German Governments have themselves
admitted this, but the steps which were required to
bring it into force should have been taken. If the
Danish Government had taken advantage of the
first years after the conclusion of the Treaty to
grant to tbe Duchies the benefit of a paternal
Government, if they had respected their constitu-
tion, and, above all, respected the free use
of the German language, no doubt they would have
succeeded in obtaining the consent of the agnates
of the States, and of the Confederation, and then
it is hardly probable that convulsions would have
taken place at the death of his Majesty King Fre.
derick VII. Bat things have happened differently,
the Diet has had to give its decision under circum-
stances which rendered all adhesion impossible.
"The German Governments have been compelled
to remember their Federal duties, and I deny that
the policy of the Confederation ought to be guided
by the policy of the various Governments. As to
the statement which Count Apponyi has read, I
consider it to be in conformity with the truth ; if a
further proof were required to show that the two
German Powers have shown themselves concilia-
tory, it would be found in an assimilation between
the declarations of their Plenipotentiaries and mine.
"Finally, as regards the summary which has
been read, as I cannot consider it as complete, nor
concur in the views expressed in it, I must beg that
my silence may not be regarded as assent. Each
Plenipotentiary is free in his turn to submit in the
proper quarter a summary of the proceedings of the
Conference."

had the honour to represent in this Conference."
Count de Bernstorff follows this mutual declara•
tion by an additional declaration of the Prussian

Plenipotentiaries, expressed in these terms:—
"It only remains for us to add to what Count
Apponyi has just said in the name of the Plenipo-
tentiaries of the two German Powers, that we also
made, in the lasting sitting but one of the Corder-
elm, a proposal which was essentihlly calculated to
bring about a pacific solution of the question which

occupied our attention, and that, moreover, we
declared ourselves ready in the last sitting to take
the proposal of the Ambassador of France ad refer-

endum, but that the two proposals in question were
absolutely rtjected by the banish Plenipoten-

tiaries."

M. de Quaade must, in his name and in that of his
colleague, decline for his Government all responsi•
bility for the failure of the negotiation, and the
blood which may be shed. He affirms that "Den-
mark in contributing to the work of pacification,
has been deterred by no eacrifi3e compatible with

her own existence, and that the banish Government
are consequently convinced that they have no reason
to reproach thenik elves if an understanding has not

been arrived at. The situation in which events have

placed the Danish Government is very different
from that of the German Powers, and if allowance
is made for this difference a judgment quite con-
trary to that formed by the German Powers will be
passed on the conduct of the rhn.ish Government."

The first Plenipotentiary of Denmark then reads
the following declaration :
" When the Danish Government received the in-
vitation of her Britannic Majesty's Government to

a Conference, the object of which was the restora-
tion of peace, they were under the conTiction that
the treaty concluded a few years before, and de•

Count Apponyi proposes that the Conference
should, before separating, offer its thanks to Earl
Russell. He expresses himself as follows :
" Gentlemen.--At the moment of closing our de-
liberations, I feel that I express the sentiments of
all the Plenipotentiaries in offering, in their name,
to Earl Russell the warm thanks of the Conference
for the spirit of conciliation and the courtesy with
which he has directed its labours.
" Whatever may be the result of our meetings we
shall none the less all of us retain a pleasant recol-
lection of the personal kindness of our President."
This proposal having been unanimously adopted,
Earl Russell thanks the Conference in the following
terms :

signed to afford a further pledge of stability to the

integrity of the Danish 3.lonarchy as an essential

"I thank the Plenipotentiaries for the honour
which they have done me.

condition of the balance of power in Europe, would

"It is through the assistance and support which
they hare afforded me that our discussions have

be maintained by the coecurrence of all who had

taken part in its conclusion.

been conducted in the spirit of moderation and

eourtesy which was necessary for the perfect free-
dom with which our opinions have been expressed.
"I perform an agreeable duty in expressing to
my colleagues in the Conference my gratitude for

" The Treaty of London of May 8, 1852, was not
conditional or hypothetical; it did not depend on
the adhesion of a third party.
" The treaty made no alteration in the relations

the support they have given me." -
At the proposal of M. de Balm), the Conference

offers its thanks to Mr. Stuart for the care which he
has devoted to the drawing up of the protocols.
The present protocol is read and approved.
APPONYI. RUSSELL.
CLARENDON.
BERNSTORPF.

BIEGELEBEN.