The Sun.
London, England, 1864-09-24 00:00:00

The Nile Sources.

Richard F, Burton, F.R.G.S., in a letter to the Times,
says :
" Sir,—ln your leader of the 19th of September there is
an allusion to the discovery of the Nile sources, on which,
perhaps, you will allow me to remark.
" The sad event to which your excellent article refers must
seal my mouth concerning many things. But without dis-
respect to the memory of Captain Speke I may say that the
popular version of the discovery of Lake Nyanza and of the
' settlement of the Nile sources' is in advance of fact.
" On cur return to Kazeh I was preparing a march upon
the Nyassa Lake, since laid down by our great African, Dr
Livingstone. My journals were also to be written up. For
these reasons I despatched my second in command, Captain
Speke, to prospect a water—' the Nyanza'—of which dubi-
ous tales had bean reported by Arabs and Africans, This
most energetic explorer returned with a conviction that he
had discovered in it the sources of the Nile. Now, the
sources of rivers are not in lakes ?
"After his return to England Captain Speke was enabled
by the recommendation of the Royal Geographical Society
and the liberality of her Majesty's Government to organise
another expedition for the purpose of deriving the Nile
from the Lake Nyanza. My project was to sat out from
Mombas and march to the but two explorations at
the same time were not considered necessary.
Captain Spoke succeeded in striking the N.E. shoulder of
a water which many geographers think is a broadening of
the Kitangule river, not his original Nyanza. Oa the other
hand, the Assua affluent, coming from the S.E , is accord-
ing to most foreign geographers the true Nilo. Again,
Drs. Livingtone and Kirk, after visiting the Nyassa lake,
and finding no affluent faum the Tanganyika, compel us to
believe that the latter drains into the " Luta Nzige," and
is thus tho western leke reservoir. of Ptolemy—Nyanza
being the eastern.
Being about to publish a pamphlet upon this subject, I
will trespass no more upon your valuable space. You
will, however, perceive that in recounting the last brilliant
episode of Captain Speke's brief but useful and eventful life
the discovery of the Nile sources can hardly be held a thing
settled in all future time.

- _
RICHARD WIIITTINGTON.—But no exaggeration
was needed in dealing with the merits of so remark-
able a man, When his story is stripped of every extraneous
ornament, and reduced from its romantic aspect to the sim-
plicity of truth, it will be impossible to withhold from him
a liberal raced of praise. The example of his successful career,
and of the admirable uses to which he dedicated his great
wealth, must often have stimulated or confirmed young
citizens in zealous industry or christian benevolence. The
tale of " Whittington and his Cat," almost rivalling in
interest the stirring legends of the nursery, must have fre-
quently fixed many an apprentice's fancy on the possibility of
a prosperous future, may have filled troubled and desponding
hearts with the echoes of distant joy-bells, promising a
happy and honourable life. The value of such wise histories
can scarcely bo overrated. :le who muses over the stone at
Highgate, or in the College garden adjoining, and in his
poverty (if it be not criminal) comforts himself with a hope
that, like the despised Richard Whittington, he may one
day conquer fortune and position, should not be laughed at
as a mere dreamer, Within our own memory several chief
magistrates of London have reached that dignity fro the
humblest ranks. One rode in the gilded city coacher
roads he had once assisted in paving ; a second, who became
a singularly astute and- fortunate merchant, was for years
a tide-waiter at the Custorn-b.ouse ; and a t.hird handled
,thideoNalsanzoirodn-ishiaouysoer,. wlhteries,
the trowel, a working bricklayer, almost within sight of
tho glory of London
einspracZ:yo life, ho was to pre.
that such unlooked for events in the annals of commerce
are of everyday occurrence. No clerk, no warehouseman,
no apprentice, need suppose ho must always be doomed to
an interior post. llogarth, in his graphic delineation of
the career of two poor boys—the idle and industrious ap
prentices—tells us in the indelible symbols of art, governed
by the hand of genius, that the highest rewards belong as
of right to the all-achieving force of integrity and perse.
verauce, and that poverty can never be a disgrace or an
ultimate injury, unless it be associated with sloth mad im-
moral ity.—City Press,
OPENING OF At;TON HALL AND PARK.—On
Thursday afternoon the formal transfer of the property to
the municipal body was celebrated' by a banquet given by
the e mayor in the great gallery in the hall—a fine old man-
sionsaand
of the Elizabethan era, in excellent repair. The guests
numbered about 2,000 persons, and included the members
of tho council, several of the county gentry, the borough
officials,
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icmrrdee
apotfui
obt hal
iecolfpe atandr
eki n
pwgeihonpi hcl
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aateinh tebs
etoeofnwßadi re
wmd
iiictnhagti
ohndatinhto
t h e.
T h s is
e d
the
n
e use
last few years. The hall, it is understood, will bo fitted up
and furnished as judges' lodgings, in the event of the Go-
vernment authorities granting the prayer of the memorial
of the corporation to constitute Birmingham an assize
town,