The Sun.
London, England, 1863-05-13 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 13, 1863.

dom of Italy is based it will not be the less inspired
by those benevolent sentiments of which Russia has
given us such patent proofs. This is not the first
time that disturbances have taken place in Poland;
frequent insurrections, which Russia has always
succeeded in putting down, have at short intervals
devastated that unfortunate country. This series of
movements, always recurring and always suppressed
by superior forces, demonstrates in our opinion that
the military honour of Russia does not require an
additional triumph in this unequal struggle ; it
proves at the same time that the problem to be
solved cannot be done so by force only in a radical
and final manner. By adopting in his wisdom a
system of a nature to obviate the causes of there
crises, the Emperor Alexander wonld acquire a just
claim to the gratitude of Europe by quieting alarm
and assuring peace. He would, moreover, open to
the noble Russian nation a new era of greatness and
glory. I beg of you, M. le Marquis, to leave a copy
of this despatch with Prince Gortechakoff, and be-
lieve, &c., " VENOS Lt."
The following is Prince Gortschakoff's reply :
" DESPATCH OF PRINCE GORTSCHAKOFF TO COUNT STAC-

RELBERG, MINISTER OF RUSSIA AT TURIN.

" St. Petersburg, April 19 (May 1), 1863.

"The Marquis Pepoli has delivered to me, by
order of his Government, a copy of a despatch from
Viscount Venosta, which your Excellency will find
subjoined. The Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs
there expresses synlpathy in the reforms undertaken
by our august master, and a desire to maintain with
us relations of confidence and amity. But the interest
which public opinion in Italy takes in the present
troubles of the kingdom of Poland, and the convic-
tion of the effect which those events may have on
the tranquillity of Europe, lead him at the same
time to express the wish that his Majesty the Em-
peror may in his wisdom adopt a system calculated
to remove the causes of these periodical crises. Our
august master has received with pleasure the
friendly expressions contained in the despatch of
Viscount Venosta. They are in harmony with the
friendly sentiments of which Russia has given to
Italy patent proofs. As for the wish expressed with
regard to the kingdom of Poland, the Italian Go-
vernment has enough experience of political
troubles to be aware that revolution imposes on Go-
vernments charged with the foundation of a durable
peace a task of the greater difficulty because it is
constantly strengthened from without by forces
which are employed for the subversion of order.
Viscount Venosta will certainly admit that the tran-
quillity and welfare of Poland have no less claims to

the solicitude of his Majesty the Emperor of Russia
than to the interest of Europe. But the respect
which the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Italy pro-
fesses for the principles on which the kingdom of
Italy rests, and for the sentiments of public opinion
of which it is the organ, will not permit us to doubt
that he also recognises that in the task reserved to
our august master, his Majesty must be inspired by
the interests and principles on which the Russian
Empire and public opinion in Russia are founded.
For the rest, the manifesto of the 31st of March
(12th of April) has sufficiently made known the
wishes of his Majesty towards his Polish subjecte
render it needless to renew the pledges which they
offer for the welfare cf the kingdom and the peace
of Europe. Be good enough to present a copy of
this despatch to Viscount Venosta.—Receive, &c.,
GORTSCHAKOFF."

The following is the text of the Spanish note :-
4 DESPATCH FROM THE MARQUIS DE MIRAFLORES,
MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, TO THE CHEVALIER
DIAZ DEL MORAL, CHARGE D. AFFAIRES OF SPAIN AT
ST. PETERSBURG,

" Madrid, March 21, 1863.

"As soon as her Majesty the Queen was made
aware, in an official and confidential manner, of the
friendly observations which some of the Powers had
addressed to the Cabinet of St. Petersburg in favour
of Poland, now appertaining by legitimate claims to
Russia, her Majesty took into consideration the in-
dications made by the Government of her Britannic
Majesty. Considering the state of affairs in Poland,
her Majesty believes, as also does her Government,
that it might be of some avail to let the Cabinet of
St. Petersburg hear the friendly voice of Spain, not
to give counsel, which the wisdom of his Majesty
the Emperor does not require, but to address to it
some amicable observations, the result of Spain's
experience in political troubles. The Government
of her Majesty the Queen deeply regrets that the
impatience of Poland has prevented it awaiting the
continuation of the system of concessions granted to
the Poles, concessions due to the wisdom of his
Majesty the Emperor, to his prudent foresight and
knowledge of the age and present epoch, as also of
all the reforms which have far some time been going
on in Russia, and which, so to say, change the social
condition of the Empire in the great question of the
emancipation of the serfs, and which is the most
striking proof that his Majesty the Emperor recog-
nises the supreme force of the ideas of the 19th cen-
tury. Her Majesty deeply regrets that matters have
gone so far that Russian and Polish blood has
been shed. and her Majesty, having acquired the
experience which has proved to her that internal
troubles are more easily suppressed by modera-
tion than by severity against those who, more-
over, are Russian subjects, and who, sooner or
later, will admit their error, her Majesty the
word to his Imperial
MajestyQu eenadbdyressaesskiangfrieculet
friendly word
and indulgence
for the conquered. Such are the wishes of her
Majesty, and she orders me to make you acquainted
with them, that you may read this despatch to his
Excellency Prince Gortschakoff, and leave him a
copy of it, should the Prince
n
edesE mireoinßek.—FLloaßmEs.„
, &c.,
" Marquis

The following is Prince Gortschakoff's reply :
DESFATCH OF PRINCE GORTSCIIIKOPP TO PRINCE WOL
KONSIII, MINISTER OP RUSSIA AT MADRID.

" St. Petersburg, March 21 (April 2), 1863.

" Sir,—The Spanish Charge d'Affaires has, by
order of his Government, communicated to me a
despatch from the Marquis de Miraflores, of which
you will find a copy annexed. Referring to the idea
of a step pointed out to him to be taken with the
Imperial Cabinet relative to the present condition
of Poland, the Minister of Foreign Affairs expresses
the confidence that her Majesty Queen Isabella
places in the sentiments of our august master, the
proofs which he has given of them, and the works
accomplished under the auspices of his high wis-
dom. That confidence might have sufficed to in-
spire the Spanish Cabinet with the certainty that
his Majesty the Emperor will not deviate from the
liberal path traced out to him for the peace and
welfare of all his subjects, despite the difficulties
thrown in his way. Nevertheless, that Cabinet has
expressed wishes to us dictated by a sentiment of
humanity and by the experience it has had in poli-
tical troubles. So friendly a voice as that of her
Majesty Queen Isabella can only be welcomed by
us in the same friendly spirit as that which
animates it towards us. We doubt not that it has
drawn from its own experience the conviction that
it is the first duty of a Government, in presence of
internal agitations, to re-establish the order and
respect due to the authorities, to guarantee the
safety of inoffensive citizens, and to suppress the
attempts of a turbulent minority to disturb the
public quiet. It is only when that task is accom-
plished that recourse can be had to clemency, to which
the hearts of Sovereigns ought never to be closed.
The Government of her Majesty Queen Isabella has
rendered justice to the sentiments of our august
master by not doubting the deep satisfaction with
which his Majesty will exercise that most precious
prerogative of sovereign power as soon as he shall
deem it suitable to have recourse to it, without com-
promising the superior interests of social order and
welfare of the Polish nation, which cannot be ren-
dered responsible for conspiracies organised, tole-
rated, and encouraged outside the country.
"You are requested to read this despatch to the
Marquis de Miraflores, and to leave him a copy of
it, should he desire one, in reply to the friendly com-
munication made to us by his order.—l am, &c.,
GORTSCIIAKOFF."

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