The Sun.
London, England, 1852-06-02 00:00:00

S .U 4 *;
JUNE 2, 1852.

quickly as possible." So viProus, however, was the
pursuit, that it appears by a subsequent report from
General Somerset, dated the ist inst., that some of the
enemy endeavoured to t- id •akr their way
back to the Amat the Major-
General's mounted I these, and
on the 28th ult. cap
14. On the event,
from Colonel Miche
body of Kafirs had

d a report
tts and a
4, and in-
glf Valley
)nald, and
force upon
as caused
and Per-
Theis, al-
the latter
lair usual
inland re-
ly had fled
that many
tuld hang
possibly
)43 Gaik a
in, as -ap-
'ult. (In 7.
tt notice,
for they
by ag-
Subse.:
Itn written

terrupted detaohme;
or Dea :and neighl
that it was his in

them. I regard th
by the temporary
oeval. Their dieta,

though not great, w.
to rally and assail di

custom. Althoug]
ported their convict]

irooi the Amatolas,
of their warriors an+

about the monotaii
there maintain them,

commissioner, enter

pears by the latter.p
closure No. 2). I ill
warned the colonist.;

zatty rest assured tbk
lirlerous bands of ro

quent reports from
trom the abancloaef
Amatolas, are of chi

in the
hie non-
Out ; and
~usly pur-
he watt to

tinned operations ha,
Lieutenant-Colonel

sued the enemy ink

be foend.

15. On nay wive at King William's
, that the Chief Stock had ' I learnt
Pato to use his in-
, tercession in his favour. Inclosed is a copy of the T'Slam-
bie Consmissioner'a report on the subject.
Messrs. Fynn and Conwaydis-
patchedis to convey the an-
nexed message to the chief.
be
eamaaaining their9woa,
ypatind
Konintghe 10th himpaasid a
fine,9lt3
andof the
the
.e his -
are reported to
17.
,The fickle nature ofWthileijaK7uaiifia:TdProewliiig:i.lits in change,
in some way, to his
which he ever believes will turn,
.13:iade by me on my
own advantage. Peace haeinsganblei7
folly impressed
sfiesmtsioner, under date the 4th ult., a copy of
, with
hivathl
einidKeaaftrhaartiaainsilmBi4ia7r,
be pursued, on
afir feeling on this
to express my deep
yforituhminessthorelettlierheofiv:
Gaika
riraievwoaeml l
lmo
. Brownlee, the
a body, uponwhosa
whlisc.h,lmettarnkneodtNaov.oBid, isaenneceloinseod.ve
ation. of the 7th of
yintouprutedtiespreatezhwiofh
part of the war,
mortification that the Burghers, as
signallyaad failed in their
aid I so much calculated in the early
and again on issuing my proclamation.
dFuetbyrutearyth,elivBsQ2a,
esehno,utled
thhaeve so
colony,
the 14th of
January
ayaoruyr i Lordship,
ast, to their families.
appears
to
them, a want of a proper conciliator _t. reference to
draws a comparison between me and that
tatsposition, and
officer, Mr. Pine, I transcribe a portion eaft able public
a letter ad-
dressed to me by the Lieutenant-Governor on_ the 20th
ult.: —" Your Excellency has been pleased
your approbation of the policy I h aye•
to express
with regard to the Boers of
this pursued
feel it, however, now my duty to say that
tha district. I
was emphatically yobr own; and if 1 have t policy
been
able to carry out that policy more effectually than
.
you could do, it has been Simplyewlag to
my having been on the spot, whereas you were
compel-
led to carry it 'out by means of agents who either did
not or would not. comprehend its spirit. The Boers,
hbwever, perfectly appreciate your views regarding
them; and it is a source of the greatest pride to
think that my name is, and perhaps will here me to
hereafter
gratefully mentioned along with your own in
the r be,
home-
steads of these honest-hearted men." Your Lordship
will observe that Mr. Pine, with that candour hch
i w
his guide, attributes his success to my
.exam ldis
may fairly say that if an honest and straightforward and I
courses desiring to promote the interests and well of
itre
a people, fails in its object, I have nothing with which to
reproach myself.
19.- I- ism now reported to your Lordship the pro-
gress of events
up to the date's= which I relinquish the
the governmentof the colony of the Cape and command
of the army. My position has been-as arduous, and one
of as great -difficulty, as ever man was placed
in.
The origin of this war involves a most • ' intricate
and truly complicated question, requiring a general
It I
view to be taken of antecedent subjects.
Ksfir
incontrovertible fact that the ' people were
most contented with the -
Kat ' • while rule established in British.,
raria, shortly 16 -Fr outbreak
prov, . to the a
restlessness on the part of somethe of the chiefs be-
came apparent. At this period
fickle aid ungrateful Hottentot treachery of the
of them,possessing just Sufficient eduoation to make them
mischievous and capable of
public meetings held within observingtae colony to resist and op-
what occurred at
pose every, measure of a
eru
—ov
regarded as the exercise of ment, which the colonists
copetitutional rights, though,
in point of fact, such proceedings approached the brink
confusion,eould not discriminate between
national remonstrance and
the belief that they wereopen resistance. Filled with
race," they proceeded covertly an
" oppressed and ill-used
those hostile schemes which
to concoct with the Kafiri
turity, when my presence 0 were fast approaching ma-
cures I took, most 11 the frontier, and the mea-
the conspiring parties fortunately
were
precipitated the war ore
collected. Had it been otherwise
prepared and their means
have been far more erwise the outbreak would
formidable even than it has been. I
tried every expedient to avoid •
sion which would ' have war short of that conces-
Majesty's authority; yet 4 lowered the dignity of her
outbreak was, that no spe Pacific
peculiar feature of this
nor •any redress sought, ztfic reason was ever assigned,
frequently called upon 37 the Kafir chiefs, though
restlessness, if such te state their. cause of
Gaika people professed actually existed; while the
.
ing order of things, and attachment to the exist-
were
tented with a rule which apparently most. On-
All mission stations con-
protected them from tyranny.
than usually attended. During flourishing and more
were pessive—some doubteding this time the Hottentots
them—and from several pia their loyalty—tbis roused
I received public assuranueseesia even from the Kat river,
CiOn. When the war broke °-
their fidelity and deco-
and every other funcionary en% it was regarded by me
as 4 Most unpopular' revolt
Of the Gaikas to support sandilli in error• the other
chiefs openly expressitig themselves;
torch tumult, however, to that effect. The
means o
were for months myth lYls
soon blazing; and my
only 1,700 Britfsh troops! Inacir quate, amounting to
occupied twelve theunavoidabl greater part of whom
available to control 4,000 Lte garrisons, leaving 800
fal loyalty, and to meet these hordes of well-armed,
had to be carried on over an
in the field. Operations
teen Great Britain and Irelanettent of country larger
difficulty, intersected as it is be, of the greatest natural
and filled with woods and rocky mountains and rivers,force enabled me alone to maintain, fastnesses. My scanty
determination, every position. with „unflinching
falla-
ciously, on the inhabitants re 11,,, I relied, most -
troops, and they have themselves round her Majesty's
the horrors and miseries thei, kenvto blame for many of
of the enemy; all which I predicted"; e suffered at the hende
1 tion of the 3d of February: in my proclams
happen, unless they should f 1851, must inevitably
resist the torrent. I encountered . out en masse to
already shown- moat unexpected ed a revolt—as I have
' whole of the eastern ..,cb --- of nearly the
formerly so useful against :u• thttentot population,
an extensive defection in a corps efe, Esfirs ; as also
most loyal, and of the highest u,.,t,nat class, previously
The Hottentots had been taught""tY in Kafir warfare.
marked impression to which I have or had imbibed the
they were an oppressed and al before alluded, that
• Holy Writ, which they tare very ill-used race;" and that
them they were justified in fightin..4 of quoting, taught
try of which they regarded themseigy to regain the coun-
rounded as I and Major.Generai Some: as deprived.' Sur-
people drawn from the eastern
cu®
were by these
one false step or untimely exercise oftvestern district-,
1 tial law would have plunged the whole Power .and mar-
revolution; her Majesty's troops mos., info a chaos of
their advanced positions, and fallen, L'
it have abandoned
Town; and the T'Slambie tribes as weld oil Graham's
headed black from Cape Town to Natal, 1%8 every Curly-
-20. During the prosecution of this .
riors, according to the Kafirs' own statementwar 6,000' war-
including 80 chief men, all of them of
a_, have fallen,
80,975 head of cattle, and innumerable °use distinction;
taken from the Gaikas, Tambookiea distinction;
taken been
the latter having suffered an arlditiona'On, gnat from Srelli,
re-
moval of 7,000 of the enslaved pia,,,oe loss ky the
with them 15,000 head of cattle; man 'by arraee. bringing
900 horses have been captured; the enemylns and nearly
driven, with great loss, from the atrea,,4.. has been
so determinedly held; and, throughout the whole
he
locations, the crops of the Gaikas have ~ of their
been utterly
destroyed.
21. Thus have these most formidable barbarians been'
visited with the punishment their murders
.rob-
beries merit, the result of that
which horrid war and
so wantonly commenced, fraternising with the leh
they
ful Hottentot race; and which the military migrate
men sures-
now in effectual course of operation for their
expulsion
from the fastnesses of the Amatolas will en •Plete• The
foresight
effect must be, as far as humanra
can predict, to
establish permanently that peace and tranquillity
for, and to relieve the which
the colonists hope Imperial
Trea-
sury from a recurrence of an expenditure which
has
been indeed enormous, notwithstanding my
exertions, by every practicable and energetic
to control it.
22.- I am accused in your Lordship's dispaoh of i..ey"
' ing " failed in showing that foresight, energy and ;"
judg-
ment, which my very difficult position required; ; and
censured for not having sooner brought this war to a
termination; although in your Lordship's dispatch, n, Nol
592, of the 850 March, 1851, the following remark
pears:--"It is a great satisfactint to me, in the uisP.
in which I am placed by the intelligence whichl—tlY
reached me, to. know that I. may rely with 03 -hits
confidence, not only iipon Sour vigour an
d 'judgment entmoat
your military operations, but 'also upon yon e in
eued 'amino,. Tbio bo, bower' re b n ight"
a ' bey a war

unavoidably of gradual progression to insure the result -
I anticipated and have attained, and one which could
not have been conducted differently. I speak with 'some
experience in war on a large scale as well as of a de-
sultory character. When regular armies are opposed to'
each other a signal victory may decide the fate of a na-
tion. In a war with barbarians, who fight only when
it so pleases them, avoiding concentration, but who are
still determined to resist, the contest is necessarily of
long duration. I may, therefore, proudly derive satis-
faction from the reflection which has led me to record
these facts, that this war has been brought to the re-
quired conclusion with that expeditio❑ which all the
peculiar circumstances permit, while ' during its pro
-
grass neither soldier nor troop horse has ever wanted
his daily ration. Every fort and post is well supplied
with provisions and ammunition; large depots of the
munitions of war are at head-quarters and at Graham's
Town, and I have thus been recently enabled to make
considerable reductions in the transport—a very expen-
sive branch. I have, br en well supported by the Com-
missariat and the Civil Department of the Ordnance,
and I enclose a copy of my General Order as a record
of their respective merits.

23. I transfer the Civil Goveknment without a single
particle of business in arrear, and with a treasury with-
out a debt; while all the civil officers have worked under
me with energy and zeal. The War impending over the
Orange River territory, with -all- its evils • end horrore;
has been averted; while, had its proseeutiotf,become im-
perative, I had collected•an -ample depot of commissariat
supplies at Bloem Fontein. Amicable relationship.haa
been established with the Trans Vaal Emigrant Boers—
the refractory native chiefs are restoring their plunder,
and submitting to the conditions imposed on theca-,--the,
turbulent Bdefa within the Sovereignty, whets convicted.
of overt acts of disloyalty, have bad heavy pecuniary
fines inflicted on them, many of which, to the amount of
1,0751, have already been promptly paid, Which I have
caused to be placed in the Imperial chest to its credit—
property rises considerably in value—and the revenue of
the Sovereignty exceeds its expenditure. The flourishing
condition of Ntetal is deeply indebted to the able and
judicous government of Mr. Pine, who, in a • letter to
me of. the 20th of March, thus 'expresses himself:—
"The only service I have really rendered your- Excel..
lenoy was'the sending the contingent into the Sove-
reignty, and the greater part of any merit there maybe
attached to that service belongs partly to you. It
is an easy thing for a subordinate-officer to do his duty
when he feels that he has a chief above him who, pro-
vided he acts honestly and straightforwardly, will sup-
port him whether he succeeds or fails. • Such a chief I
have had in your Excellency."
•• 24. I relinquish the command of the troops as ex-
pressed in the General Order annexed, at a period when,
according to the reports I have received. from officers in
command and other sources, the ma,s of the Gaiktis
have been expelled from the-Amatolas; when. the Kafirs,
cis as well as trans Keisn, have repeatedly sued for peace,
and when the war is virtually terminated; its continuance
having been prosecuted to visit these turbulent savages
with that retribution which justice demands, and accord-
ing to the injunctions in your Lordship's dispatch of the
13th of May, 1851, conveyed in the following terms:—
" Your first care, before any permanent arrangements
can be thought of, must be to put an end to the war;
but desirable as it is that this should be accomplished as
speedily as possible, I cannot too strongly express my
opinion that you ought on no account. to accept from the
rebel tribes any imperfect submission, and that yon
should not allow hostilities to be concluded by anything
but their complete . subjection and unconditional sur-
render. It is thus. only that a real peace, and not a
short and hollow truce, can be obtained."—l have, &c.,
H. G. SMITH.
P.S.-Bth of April,lBs2.

Since closing this despatch, while waiting to receive
the Governor and Commander-in-Chief, I have received
the accompanying cAnmunicaticn from the chief San-
dilli, through Lieutenant-Colonel Perceval, commanding
one of the column, in the A matolas. The Governor
and Commander-in-Chief, whose proclamation and ge-
neral order announcing his assumption of the government
and command of the army, by which I am removed
from authority, have been promulgated, is expected every
hour. I have, therefore, given it as my opinion to
Colonel Mackinnon, the chief commissioner, that he
should reply to the effect that Sanddli is aware he ought
to make application to the Gaika Commissioner placed
by me at Fort Cox for the express purpose of receiving
such messages, and I have also given Colonel Cloete,
the Quartermaster-General, my opinion that he should
direct the officers in command of columns in the mean-
time to continue hostilities.

Lieutenant-Colonel Perceval reports of his opera-
tions—" On the sth instant I moved up the Gulu River,
and searched the kloofs between the Gulu and Doorn
Mountains. Under the krantz. and in one of the kloofs,
we succeeded in capturing 219 head of cattle, killing
two Kafirs, without any casualty on our part. At three
o'clo6k, A X., on the 6th inst. I marched along the ridge
between the Gulu and Keiskamma rivers to a krantz
ander the Doorn Mountains, where we succeeded in fall-
ing in with the enemy's cattle, killing two K,firs, whose
assegais were secured, and wounding some others, and
one Hottentot. After searching the various kloofs we
captured 296 head of cattle, together with some horses.
We returned to camp at half-past four o'clock P,M after
two days' very fatiguing work."
Colonel Perceval's exertions are most meritorious.
Major-General Somerset has just reported 'that Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Napier, in command of a patrol, captured
on the 7th inst. (yesterday), in very difficult ground,
near the Thomas River, 3 120 head of cattle, 70 horses,
and 1,500 goats, killing upwards of 50. of the enemy.
This makes a total of 4,500 bead of cattle captured by
the troops under the Major-General in his pursuit of the
enemy from Balfour.
Captain Tylden, Royal Engineeri, 'whose force from
Whittlesea was attached to Major-General Somerset,
thus reports:—".The' party who ascended on the left
flank and first turned the cattle, were led by Com-
mandant J. Holden Bowker and Lieutenants Mason and
Warner, and that on the right by Captain AUsten and
Lieutenant Arnold, North Victoria Native Levy; and I
have on this occasion brought the names of these officers
to your notice on account of the gallant and deliberate
manner in which 950 head of cattle and 50 horses were
wrested from the enemy in the face of a powerful re-
sistance, the enemy attacking our rear and both flanks in
order to recapture their cattle. Being, however, in strong
ground, favourable for taking the cattle out of the
ravines, we succeeded in bringint them up to the open
heights, although the enemy followed on our rear until
repeatedly repulsed.
A very gallant affair occurred as a sergeant of the
Cape Mounted Rifles, with 17 men of his corps, was
conveying these reports from the Major-General. He
fell in at night on the Golonci, a rivulet thirty-five
miles hence, with a party of Kafirs and caqle. The
Hottentot sergeant immediately attacked them, killed
several of the enemy, took arms and assegais, and
brought off five horses and 19S head of cattle.
It graciaus ,me much, to be thus able in my last dis-
patch to report so favourably of the Cape Corpe.
The position of affiirs in British Kafraria is now
clearly developed, and the contents of the above dispatch
corroborated.. H. G. SMITH.

Schedule of Enclosures in Governor Sir H. Smith's Dia
patch to Earl Grey,•No. 56, of 7th April, 1852.
I.—Arrang,ment of movements, 20th March. In-
structions to C Perceval, 20th March.
2.—Letter from Gaikii Commissioeer,26th March.
• 3.—Memorandum of movements, 24th March.
4.—Governm,:nt notice, 2d April. .
s.—General order, 6th April.
6.—Report of T'Slambie Commissioner, 20th March.
7.—Message to Umhala, 27th March.
B.—Letter, of Mr. Brownlee, 4th March. .
9.—General order, 2d April.
10.—General order; 7th April.
11.—Extract of report of Colonel Perceval, Bth April.
U.—General order, 9th April, 1852.

eu to tarn; and make th
toles with tlleir cattle. Th
force cametpon a part of t]
ptured 1,50 bead of cattle.
ing of the 2 h ult. I received
let that tbi,..,:rebel ,Hottentot
collected If the Amatolas,
ants of our"troops in the W 4,
ibourhood o(oMount Macdoi
atention to Move his whole 'fo
us movementuf the enemy t
absence of Olonels Eyre a
tattoo from:- :is:nest of re
was still au';,', ent to enable tl
detachment, ' .. ording to the
;11 all the 1 : 4rs in comm
Lion that th::-' %fits generally
I was al -4)"ti of opinion th
id of the rep "'Hottentots woi
ins act ion, pi they could
13:1"1*". ~ t; Brownlee, thi
rtained the -. a- impression
Put of his 1: ' . of the 26th 'I
have, throu t 4, Goverunlencl
4 to contin4,-* vigilant, .:
e COUlatry .... 1 bp-Waited
)bbers for ,N . theto;aotaew
Colonel
, one of trim
Ali' ."'
red Rotten encampment
he most s: factory" kind;
.
'avue betil I. - fly successt
... °reeve'
.. -4,0 vigeron
evi!4P1146,-", ' - .• • wilich he