The Sun.
London, England, 1852-08-23 00:00:00

THE SUN,

REDCLYFFE, recently returned homewards, and that the
latter diplomatist will resume the seals of the Foreign-
office, in the place of the Earl of DIALMEBI3URY—
the last mentioned nobleman assuming the post va-
cated by Lord COWLEY es Ambassador to the French
Government. Whatever likelihood or unlikelihood
there may be in these rumoured alterations—it is, at
any rate, certain that some little show of probability
is imparted to them by the circumstance of the simul-
taneous presence at this moment in London of Lord
COWLEY, the present Ambassador at Paris, and of
Lord STRATEORD DE REDCLYITE, the late Ambassa-
dor at Constantinople.
The misunderstanding which has taken place between
President FILLMORE and Secretary WEBSTER at Wash-
ington may be readily traced, we conceive, to the
intemperate and unstatesmanlike tone in which the
latter had addressed the adulatory mob at Marshfield,
in reference to the Question of the British North
American Fisheries, As regards the
diplomatic
changes contemplated at the same time by the En-
glish Cabinet—such are evidently entertained
at the present juncture by absolute neces-
sity —it being manifestly impossible to leave
for a much longer period vacant embas-
sies so singularly important as those at Wash-
ington and Constantinople. The removal of Sir
HENRY &EWER from the United States to the
Court of Tuscany, and the arrival of Lord STEAT.
FORD DE REDCLYFEE in England from the position he
clearly enough that
has so long and ably maintained at the Sublime
DERBY in . reference to the
Porte, are the facts, proving
her Britannic
some new appointment has become imperatively
required from
proper representation MAJESTY
at the head-quarters of the American and Turkish
Lord
of
As to the British
Governments. Embassy at Paris,
the arrival of Lord COWLEY in London—an arrival,
by the way, which we were the first to mention on
Thursday evening—naturally gives rise (as we inti-
mated at the time of its announcement) to a variety
of conjectures, some of which appear to be in a fair
way of solution by these rumoured changes in our
diplomatic administration.
Wnatever may be thought
by way of objection in
one or two particulars, it must be acknowledged that
the Earl of MALmESBURY, while be blundered rather
lamentably in the
beginning of the IVIATBER corre-
spondence, has shown himself in the F. • Fisheries Ques-
tion an able • and vigorous, and we will add, too, a

prompt and patriotic administrator. It remains

to be seen whether the Noble Lord would
be qualified to display the same eminent
capacities as a diplomatist (in the event cf his being
removed from the Foreign-office, in Downing-street,
to the Parisian residence occupied by her Britannic
MAJESTY'S Ambassador), and thereby reveal that he
has inherited the abilities as well as the title of his
distinguished progenitor, the first Earl of
MALMBSBURY. It remains, moreover, to be
seen, whether the Lord STRATFORD DE REDCLYFFE
is as admirably adapted to preside over the
administration of the Foreign-office as he
has shown himself to be long capable of influenc-
ing the diplomatic relations of England with the
various countries of the Levant. Upon one parti
cular we may rest tolerably well satisfied—namely,
that the Earl of DERBY for the sake of the country,
and—what is of not less consequence to a Prime
Minister—for the sake of his Cabinet, will not act
in these matters and under present emergencies with
any degree of precipitation.

" Looming in the future," beyond all doubt, is an
organic reform in the Income sad Property Tax—an

impost which has been repeatedly denounced by the
present CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER as partial,
oppressive, unequal, and unjust. His individual con-
demnation of the tax, albeit of great importance
relative to his position, might not go for very much,

if it were not backed by the opinion of Many in
Parliament, and a vest majority of the public. A
Parliamentary inquest has been held on the subject,
and the report of this Committee is plain, candid, and
ought to be decisive. Their opinion is, " that, to be
equitable, the tax should, every year, be levied
on the value of the property, labour and skill
being the property of large classes in the country ;
and that each person having more than a
minimum amount of income should contribute
in proportion to the share of tbat value i❑ his
possession." This minimum amount the report fixes
at 5001., and each person would have his income
estimated as to its present value, not paying the tax
if this value be under 5001., and, if paying it, having
this 5001. first exempted from payment. This would
amount, if carried out, to a tax on Property, or rather
on its value. _ _

The property essential to mere existence should not
be taxed. The difference between realized property
and income arising from personal labour of mind or
body should be recognised, and the assessment pro-
portioned accordingly. It i 3 monstrous that the
landed proprietor, who neither toils nor spins, but
simply receives an inherited rental, should be
put in the same category with the artisan, the
mechanic, the professional man, the artist, the man of
letters, who earns his subsistence, be it great or small,
by his hands or his brain, and by the visitation of
Vr OD may suddenly and permanently be deprived of
the means of so earning it. Independent and indus-
trial income are so essentially different that this dif-
ference should be considered in the taxation. All
incomes, whether industrivl or independent, can
surely be capitalised (or valued) and rated accord-
ingly. This would prevent the numerous and well-
grounded complaints of unfair and unequal assess-
ments.

The Committee have done good service by report-
ing in condemnation of the present principle of the
tax. They say that " the inquiry establishes the
truth of the public judgment on its injustice, and
leaves no doubt, at the same time, that a tax assessed
on the value of all the property and on the capitalised
. _

would be, in theory and in
n
ipnrcaocmticees,omf
equitabletohreepopulatiJti,
th _
tax exclusively on the rent n the present taxes. A
pe
of land, on the rent of
houses, on wages, or on any single class of property,
as well as a general tax on all properties in no con-
stant proportion to their value, defines prices, and
alters exchangeable values. It produces a deprecia-
tion of taxed property, and is, in fact, as far as the
inequality
goes, a confiscation." Neither, on its
present principle of inequality, can the tax become
permanent. The Committee truly say that " a partial)
aireet
taxation,
or an unequal, or uncertain tax, unsettles the security
of property, and
paralysesaxait"nicionu,stwryhe'n
be confessed that
equal But a itn d Tun:,
lS preferable to any other. Not so an Income and
Property Tax, which leans heavily upon industry,
and leans lightly upon capital.
various reports are afloat as to Mr. DISRAELI'S
intentions with this tax. By
ioten, respect to some, he is
be inclined t
said to to carry out the suggestions of
the pa,wa
i• mentary Committee, as above stated, by
t ted to have resolved
be is 3 3
On a
others
distribution of the tax, le. •
_.,,nal
-vyino.
more '1"-
lowerof income
minimum ow. :r
it upon a the present rate on incomes
with
601. a year)
and trades, and a much increased
from professions
One thing, we hope he will do
rate upon property. 1n the actual excess
o
payable only
—make the tax
At present
over the taxable amoUn.t . if a man have
exempt, but if he have 151/.
he is
under 150/. a year,
the extra pound, but
he pays, not sevenpence up€
eighty-seven shillings and sevenpence, or one hundred
and fifty-one sevenpences on the overplus of twenty
shillings! Anything more monstrous,
in the whole
imagined. On
range of fiscal enormities, cannot be a
single penny over the limit of 1501. this 4/. 7s. 7d.
is levied. Yet to this we have submitted for years !
•
As we are upon the subject of rumours, we may
add the on dit that, by the adjus:.nent oi. 4- the tax, its
amount is expected to realize over Ten Millions
sterling, without any pressure on the working classes
—the busy bees of the community—and that the
overplus would allow the abolition of the duty on
malt, the gradual reduction (by threepence per —11;.
per annum) of the duty on tea, until it came down
to sixpenc‘, per lb., and the abolition of the duty on
paper. WO
only hope that rumour anti • t t
cipa ea ruth.
•II , .
la, y in this respect.
SBA'.

made MACBETH complain
JuAKaptpx, long a 2,
of the weird sisters,raesa:., "keeping the word of promise
to the ear, and
breakingf it to the hope." The
the example of the
witches, "so withered anodwing
ewild are their attire."
The PREMIER
promised that Parliament" should meet
before Christmas"—so the Mini •
sterial papers admit,

but our own recollection serves to the extent of the
promise being that we should have a session "in the
autumn." The PREMIER would net allow the session
to commence in October, which would give
it a couple of months before Christmas, but
cavalierly puts off the evil day. It is now
said that Parliament will meet " for the dispatch of
business" late in November. Some time will neces-
sarily be taken up in swearing in the Members,
which will throw all business over until the middle of
December, when (of course) it will be too late to do
anything, and there will be a suspension of business
until the end of January or the beginning of Fe-
bruary. Is this Lord DERBY'S way of keeping a
promise
his promise ?—Hansard is an awful re-
o;
uminder, a perpetual repeater of faded memory. Last
March, we had. Lord DERBY saying,
next autumn ought not to be allowed to v4ICASTLE— 4 I say that I think the'
4to p reply
as s t o
over,
will
not without the country having had an op-
e havingYnt ppoarrtuna only
mni
of coming to that decision, but without
an o
eing, definitively and finallyp,poirttsuonpitiynioonf
apnrdoninoudgn-.
meat upon the course of policy which may then be
adopted on the part of her MAJESTY'S Government.
I will give no pledge, however, that either in the
month of April, of May, or of June, that appeal shall
be made to the country. I say that before the ordi-
nary time for commencing the next session of Par-
liament those questions shall have been so far decided
and adjudicated upon by Parliament that the business
—the ordinary and current business—of the next ses-
sion should not be interfered with by discussion upon
the general commercial and financial policy of the
country." October is rather past the autumn of
which he spoke, but he will not let Parliament meet
in the autumo,-nor even in October. He drives his
" autumn " into November and Christmas. We
should not wonder if Parliament will make " the
winter of his discontent" prompt and unmistakable.
Over and over again the PREMIER pledged himself to a
session, preliminary to the usual one. He said to
Lord MINTO, "I contemplated, no doubt, an au-
tumnal session." He affirmed to the Duke of NEW-
CASTLE, "I stated- that I thought it was expedient
that the autumn should not pass over without the new
Parliament having an opportunity of discussing par-
ticular questions of great importance ; and I added,
in almost the words which I have repeated to-day,
that I thought it was expedient that those questions
should be disposed of before the ordinary period of
assembling Parliament for the session of 1853." We
ask, and the public will not be satisfied with silence,
or a shuffling reply, what is the reason of Lord
DERRIes breaking his promise ?
That " the RUPERT of debate" should become
afraid of his own policy (or want of it) no one anti-
cipated. But he actually appears frightened at what
his colleagues have pretended to be nothing more than
a shadow—an opposition composed of many and
variable constituents. This delay in meeting Parlia-
ment is the very thing to solidify that opposition, by
showing symptoms of " the white feather."
bold spirit and free hand, the PREMIER With a
might have
done well—but if he appear afraid, all is up with him.
In such a case, boldness would " make ambition
virtue." If the PREMIER, thus early, exhibit fear (or
what may be taken
,for its symptoms) his Govern-
ment will be a forlorn hope, and his Ministry " no.
hing more nor less than an organized hypocrisy.

LONDON, BRIGHTON, AND SOUTH-COAST
RAILWAY.
Traffic—Week ending Aug. 21, 1852 ... £12,746 15 2
Traffic—Week ending Aug. 23, 1851 . 14,148 18 1
Total of the half-year, to this date, 1852 ... 113,163 16 4
Total of the half-year, to this date, 1851 ... 120,183 15 5
Total number of Passengers—Week ending
Aug. 21, 1852 ... 82,981
...£10,429 11 8
2,317 3 6

Passengers
Goods

Total ... •• £12,746 15 2
Total miles open, 1852, 17314; ditto, 1851, 1731/1.
London Terminus. Aug. 23, 1852.

Parliament will not be called together for the " dis-
patch of business" before Thursday, the 11th of November,
when it will be assembled for a short session before Christ-
mas, of four or five weeks, unless something important and
unforeseen shall
_occur in the meantime, and will then be ad-

journed for the Christmas holidays.—Sunday Paper.

DEATH OF LADY DEL AMERE .—This noble lady
whose sudden demise occurred on Wednesday last, at Yale

Royal, Cheshire, was in her G6th year. She was sister to
the late Sir Watkin Williams Wynn, Bart., and aunt to the
present Baronet, and by her marriage with Lord Delatuere
has left issue.

DEATH Os' COL. CROKER, C.B.—We have to re-
cord the demise of Colonel Croker, C. 8., a distinguished
officer, who died a few days since. The deceased gentleman
was for many years the colonel-commandant of the 17th
Foot, and with that corps he on two occasions landed in
India--a solitary instance of such an occurrence in the an-
nals of the British army. Colonel Croker died at the age of
64. At an early age he embarked with his regiment to our
Oriental possessions, and was actively employed from 1804 to
1824, when he returned to England ; but in 1836 he once
again took up his sword, and proceeded with his regiment to
India. He served during the whole of the Affghanistan
campaign, and took part in the storming and capture of
Ghuzneo and lihelat.

The Grand Duchess Catherine of Russia and suite
came over to Portsmouth, from Ryde, in the Fire Queen,
yesterday afternoon, at five o'clock, and received salutes
from her Majesty's ships Blenheim end Victory; landed at
the dockyard, and came to town by the quarter-past five
train.

-----
Ma. FEARGUS O'CoNNolt.—This gentleman's health
is rapidly improving under the care of Dr. Tuke, of whose
maison de sante he is an inmate. Moderated diet and restric-
tion from intoxicating liquors, together with abundant exer-
cise, and the absence of excitement (political, pecuniary, and
personal), have brought round this favourable result. As
yet Mr. O'Connor has not been allowed to see his friends.
DESECRATION OF THE DEAD.---011 Saturday the
neighbourhood of Lisson-grove was horrified by the follow-
ing occurrence :—A number of boys, while playing near a
garden, observed a large hungry dog darting out of the
ditch, with something very large in his mouth, which the
animal commenced gnawing and eating. The boys pur-
sued the dog, and, taking from it what they supposed to
be a piece of beef, commenced kicking it about the streets,
until a passer-by, suspecting it to be the body of an infant,
had it examined, when his suspicions proved to be correct,
for it was in reality the body of a newly-born infant, which
was so mangled and torn by the dog that not only the fea-
tures, but its identity as a human form, were nearly de-
stroyed.

HORNCASTLE GREAT HORSE FAIR. --- This gnat
mart for horses is now being nearly brought to a close.
Buyers have been plentiful for good animals, and first-rate
horses were eagerly sought for at extraordinary prices.
Hunters and park horses have fetched 1001. to 2001. each,
and in two or three instances higher prices than these were
obtained. Carriage horses, well matchci, 180/. to 3001. per
pair. Ready customers for good horses are always found at
this fair. Superior dray horses, 50/. to 601. each, and if well
matched they realise more money. Hacks and harness
horses, 251. to 301; and if superior, 40/. to 501. Fancy ponies
were scarce, and fetched high prices. Messrs. Potter, of
Melton Mowbray, brought 46 Irish trained hunters; their
paces and leaping were tested in the Queen's Head paddock,
which was fitted up with a pole for the occasion; they found
customers for nearly the whole, at good prices. Large arri-
vals and a good demand have continued throughout the fair.
Colonel Wingfield, of the Royal Horse Artillery; Colonel
Lawrenson, of the 17th Lancers : Colonel Shewell, of the Bth ;
Mr. Jex, of the Greys; and Colonel Moore, of the 6th, are
buying large numbers for their respective regiments; and
Colonel Mundy and Captains Drake and Fell are also pur-
chasing for the army. This is the largest fair we have wit-
nessed for the last ten years— stamford Mercury.

The South-Western excursion train yesterday, to
Portsmouth, was an unusually large one, consisting of about
twenty-four carriages, chiefly open, andi containing about
1,000 persons. They arrived at Portsmouth at about twelve
o'clock, and remained there till a quarter to eight in the
evening, many availing themselves of the opportunity of
taking a trip to the Isle of Wight, passing through the
squadron at Spithead.

_ -
The Duke of Wellington has, during the last ten
year.su ensuring
T,,,h weeeNk
days been actively engaged in completing the necessary pre-
liminaries for the formation of the militia in Hampshire and
intends
nenthaes
the Tower Hamlets, over which districts the Noble and
Gallant Duke is Lord-Lieutenant. His Grace has been de-
tained in town longer than customary at this season of the
ofborle
I.Dvauilimeerlecavasetsl
et,owwnhoorenhWis edc‘nreasedeay
to reside till
ACCIDENT the second week in November.
lIE ticc
John. emue NT ON BOARD THE RAVENSBOURNE.
board the Ra,vthe seaman who had his arm blown off on
the queen at
trsbQurne steamer, whilst she was saluting
Hospital. Th,ut.w)erl3, has been taken to the Portsmouth
steamer RetributiOrn has sent 25/. fer him, and H.M.
of the Retribution,
onsbcrew have subscribed Cl. A seaman
unloading the foremostoard which vessel Castle was sent, in
be disturbed, also had cr", in order that Castle might not
T''
,e mercantile account
e of his arms blown off,
inst. state the condition of
tbs from Vienna of the 18th
rather more unfavourable. Ti3hoill°fle:7-market to be again
and on silver 183%. Theprtemium on gold was 257,4,
return
cula.t ion at the end of July show° a lie State paper in cir-
of 1,913,195 lire of Lornbardo-Veneti6s'Bl2,29lf., exclusive
At the end of the Preceding
month
hreasury assignats.
167,883,981 f. The highest amount allowed to total was
under the proclamation of the 15th of May • i b® issued
From Trieste the letters of the is 75 00 000 c
16th report that, —
owing to
the difficulty of getting mopey for bills payable in Vienna,
in the restrictions imposed
in consequence . . by the Austrian'
r on that city was saleable only at 7 per
« and other descriptions only at 9 or 10
cent. discount,
discount.
Rom TEIE PRINCE OF WALES.
A T , Es.
A very gratifying _
testimonial was presented on Thundav to
Mr. Bullrnore, boatswain Victoria of the royal yacht
and
Albert, by his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales. The
•
present consisted of a gold call and chain, and was given
greathonour on theunder circumstances that reflected . reci-
pient, her Majesty, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, Lord
ladies of the
A. Fitzelarence, and several of the lords and
court, being present.
TOTAL DARKNESS.—The town crier at Hull was
once
fire round to give notice " That in consequence of
re at the gas-house there wOnld be no light for three
days.”