The Sun.
London, England, 1852-03-25 00:00:00

On the Ist of-April extra idipwrights-will be placed
on the St.cjetiu d'Acre arid Pl tebe; the latter. vilUe
launched in the summer_' Fifreerveaulkers are to beient
froth DevoupOrt;toi-Peittbreke'docirxerd.'to- eirperEte the
Windsor Ca,tle•aodtsr) fri are- • -
Wo.oLwlca, NARCIf .24.—The-: Antelope steam-
'vessel, Ltfutenunt-Commander. Young, lett Woolwich
yesterday for Greenbitbc, and, after'. having -het bom.
passes adjusted by :Giptein Johilson,,w4l4,,prceped_to
Portsmouth and wait furtiatr orders: .!(,;;;
The Pluto steam-vevel,Lientenant-ComnianderWeat,
left Woolwich 'ihi4 morning, , cud . wilt .vall.
mouth, and then proceed- for service von Alie:westycoaat
of Africa.

COMBINATION OF 111.EC.HANICAL,
' INSTITUTIONS, • .: .
_--,
...,
. .
The following Lahr and set of~Queries have been.
,addret,sed by the SOciety,of Arts.tothe'seP„tryries.bf
lthe-tilltW.iastittitleajthrotigh;Ait Ole cititi,tify :--
''' S.Atetyof Arts, Dianufttcturel,:and-Cortinue:tce,
• r , .." Adelphi, London,".ll.o.rch 20„.14%.,,:
Sir,--I am directed by. the .Council _to, request yott to
submit to the-committee of your institution 'oe-0/Closed
copy of a letterA ted Novtinber 2a, f 8571; 'from No..
:lErry Chester to the Secretary of this society. This.
letter has been for some time under the' serious con-
sideration of the Council.
It will be seen that the opinions' and proPosals put
forth by Mr. Chester are founded on his experience as
the president of a-literary and scientific institution; and
the publicaliou of his letter in tlae Weekly.paperf the
O
society on the 21st Feb. 1852, has elicited from many
other persons connected with local institutions very
favourable expres,ions of opinion respecting the benefits
r,hich this society might confer.upon them by adopting .
bat gentleman's proposals, and by receiving the- institti-
ions into union with the society forth phii3Otswhich,
nisdleitmtep.rorctoanntte 'OA y • . :"--•
rapworlakt:ps.rq.ided that' it van' b9:,Preiitrisly
The Council is fully disposed to-eliters-uperr tiiiit'new
howntbat i sufficiently_ large number-ef.tusiiiiiiii4
re in favour of such- a proceeding, and aradismiatd
to
avail themselves bt the advantagevvhiehititicipatir,
With..the Society of Arts "might retisaiabli'&4:6/ ,-;14
to tdord, The Council does not desire that your brat.
Con sfiould at once pledge itself to the aile4W4afat,:toro,,
iletailfWf th.lencloied letter,but it is:re . • :tet) t , -lc
0./he genera, idea which_ Mr. Chester has sketnivittleiiti,Tot
1 coitOiruttion of local institutions in untonlitith;Abb•
the mottopohtan- Society of Arts be fa:it:4ll.i* 'after.
tairfed'lni.3•Our institution, the qUeries_.in.OlkeneNied -
list mgy.be answered;-and-that it maybe stated.whether
,
it wunid ba convenient to-yotr.to natnei; etesentati've
:.l t attend a electing which it is propoketi:_tet *Ad; in
odlioli' soon after Easter, for the purposettiotisicatt:
c
f re:ncebetWeen the representatives of Taititutietesie3/44
the Council of this society, is order,4*.pAra?al 4ta` -4.tte -=
hest• modes of PrOceeding in reference to the wanti-and..
wishes of the-institutions,rand to the soc
iietyyraltinti of
A-• ;I .• ~.1.0
-
meeting therm i11•46 So good~
am particularly to rattiest that you w
at to .favour we, if possible, with a reply to this -letter'
oi- .... ,-., •.,..i .
b fore.the Mb of-April next.
I hive the liono4r td be, Sir, your obedient seivant,
G. Giovs,,Seo. See: Arts.'

I LIST OF QUEIIIF.S.
Title of the Institution
Name and address of Correspondent .on. behalf 'of I the
lustitution •
1. What is the total number of dour eivrisLir.c:
2. Are you. in favour of the
Chester has b kutebed, of thenoratanation of many local
institutions in union with the Soviet of Arts?
3. What are the chief
,red-rentaiot
.w)libh you expect
to derive from such a combinetion.eud union?
4. About ~wbet number•tof • leetuves,,df rvarious-kinds,
would you desire to haVeye.eflyt ' '''
At what seasons? • • "" . -.-
• . ~.
__
_, ...!...r.
5. At What rate, on an average, -coaddyouvrfFord-to pay
for such lectUres? . ' .'"'-, • - ~,"'--,- •-•
6. Which would von prefer,' --- - .
...i.fliii,..- . ••' • -...,..,,, -.,..., -
a. that iha; loy should receive ,frent....you,an an.
nual subscription, equal-W444e overage cost of the
lectures, and supply 1 yon-OithleCtiKersanfodr
mthaekyeenarr.,
(~ • atthat no
thefu srtheor3ieextypensaheoutiody. endreecgotlivare, t: or
.
' ' rangements, between- you, . and • tbe lecturers, and
(receiving from you a
,sraall annual contribution to
defray the Society's actual expanses' bf corre••
spondence, &c.) leave it entirely to yourselve to
remunerate theyketureia ' tipon Such-terms tis might
be agreed on? • 7 - . • • . - -
.7. Do you consider it desirable to have occasionally
' kixt ibitions of useful - inventions
,Whic6 --trave" received
meals from the. Society. of Arts, provided that ,such
arrangements. could be made by-the Society as would
enable you to have the exhibitions Without: hay serious
liability, and with the chance of such-mxhibitiens being
.ejti-supporting?
81 Is there any opening for ;•the establishment of
Drawing School, or a' Modellinm..Paidotin connexion
with your institution? , icl. ' - . -

, • INSTITUTION OP'CIVIL; ENGINEERS.
On Tuesday, James M. Irendit/iEsq , President, in the
char, the first paper residivas " On' the Results of the
use f Tubular Boilers, or of Fthe'Boilere of Inadequate
Stir ce. or Impeerfect Absorption of, Ltret,Peby.Adeatral ."
E.-;t Di kl
ntdona. - ----
T is paper advocated the generalintroductiou.of what ,
were termed "economical heat trap boilers," Or'boilera
having vertical water tubes, instead of oblique fire
tubes, contained within a Chamber, ' into the upper of.
which the hot products of combusion were introduced,
and allowed to circulate until, by the abstraction of
heat, they descended to the bottom, and passed into the
chimney at a temperature little exceeding that of boil-
ing water. From some triala which -had been made at
Woolwich and .Cieeebasn in 1844, as well as free] the
experience which had been gained by their actual appli-
cation to some of the North Ameripen transatlantic
steam-packets, and some inthe service of the Emperor
of Russia, it was contendedr4hat-these boilers possessed
greater evaporative powerseand'weie more economical
than those ordinarily in useCnnebemoreover, that their
safety was much greater, owing to the products of com-
bustion passing iuto the chimney at a ieryliiii teMpera-
turE, instead of the usual higletemperature;fiem which.
it was apprehended , muchedaigger, had been;uid might
'still be, incurred.( ‘. -- .
The second paper read was, " Ott certain points in tie
construction of Marine Boilers,'_' by Mr. J. Scott Russell,
M. Inst. C.E. . - - -.ea
The author having 'arrived4Weertain practical rhsulli
relatiie to the construction of 7marine boilers, put them
into practice about ten years back, in designing 'the
bailer for the Royal'Mait Steam Packets Clyde, Tay',
'Nee , and Teviot; and '
1
as they bad been in constant
work ver since, running _from 42,000 miles to '48,000
miles per annum, without material repairs, be belitered -
their durability, combin d with effective combustion and
ecenoity of fuel, had been, fully esteblished.e.e.
Tho principles on which theseebeilers were oonstelitited • •
iiffaed from those generally recognised. letherwit
plece it was considered,. tbal a judicious distributieh-e)f -__
,the most intenselyheated surfeces would be condo 'Live
to durahility; and for thiepuepiee instead of ' teibihipi
the flues over the foetal-lb the top of the furnaces ts4l'
the hottest flues were brunglet.to the surface of the water,
eaied the cool, r, or return flees were taken to the bottom
of the, water. The water wasseadmitted at the be tam
'and was gradually wended
,tis it rose, the greatest
heat being imported at the last Moment,
'byi which means the -bubbles of steam were
, and their ,
pre-
vented from accumulating ".in contact with i
heated metal. In the next place the capac4l'9oifkii,eehlY. -
fhuuesruingsailic.te
bs
Ti
vohwree fire
cthv ea
ep_bi 1
lo s cer,2ltatnsi ,ode.g7:suu
surface
t:sfettatiesreifli
surface
mnel leyu
tcflhhoa
err
sggee
rvbeeoaritylef
ostotw
a:::,
elso much more than customary, there beeing no less,
than three feet of evaperating
off was previtia.
furnace bars. Theurte4c4isfhoeerf
tfithilising
collection and furnaces
&Intl:, i
underservoi r
st
for by b
tiysap:arcaensg, iansgre
off of brie() and other, elppo:it,
'lle lest paper Wei ...
principle upon which , this steam
" A Description of a Diaphra jetie•
Stearn (senerator,". by M. Boutigny (n'Evreux). 6,:gd
was that " bodies evaporate
surface
f of 11-P3
This being received
the evaporating as cialy from
generator
thueirnel:essarily
follow that in the constructionanaxiom' it in,totileis, either
its utmost limit, or then owamtei flout waerfscea."
Qal ' bsolpeg 6j:extended to
its evaporatingmulti lied, as to arrive at
surfaces
the same end, of obtc.es. be
thseo izrateampunt. of steam
The steam generator was by the expenditure aolfmnhge least amount of fuel.
fd be so divided, and
described to consist of verti-
cal cylinders of wrought iron, 25 inches high by 121
inches diameter; the terminating in a hemisphe-
rical c losed by a
end, and the upper
par
upon which was attached the usual steam and safety
valves, feed steam, and other pipes, &c. The interior
d h • 1
with a number of s, an • eying alternately con-
centained a series of diaphragms of wrought iron, pierced
surfaces.. They were suspended by
vex and conaav°a.t given stances apart, in such a man-
nerrtoodt contact with the heated exterior, or
as not lei When any water was admitted
through the feed pipe it. fell upon the upper (convex)
which had a tendency to spread it.to the periphery,
disc, 'largest quantity falling through the perforation in
ishhreelleoif"tPlie bo . . ;
tie
shape of globules; the second diaphragm being
concave,
tended to direct the fluid from the circum-
ference to the centre, and so on, until if any fluid
reached the bottom of the cylinder, it mingled with a
thin film of water, in a high state of ebullition, that
being the hottest part of the boiler. It appeared, how-
ever, that in its transit through these diaphragms, the
water was so divided, that expaing a very large sur-
face to the caloric, it was transformed into steam with
great rapidity, and with great economy of fuel. The
boiler described had been worked for a long time at
Paris with great success, giving motion to a steam-engine
of two horses' power. The consumption of coal was
stated .to ho very small, 7891bs of water having been
converted intb'eteam by 182ibs of coal in nine hours,
under a pressure of ten atmospheres.
The chemical part of the question was carefully ex-
amined, and it was shewn, that at that temperature the
iron was exactly in the best condition to bear strain.
The practical application on a large scale was sub-
witted to the engineers, the author having only proposed
the system for mall boilers and tinder circumstances of
wanting to obtain a motive power in situations of re-
stricted space, and where first cost was a great object.
It was announced that at the meeting of 'Tuesday,,
March 30th. the monthly ballot for Members would take
place, aud the followie
g paper would be read, " An Ac-
count of the drainage of the
under the authority of the Metropolitan Commissioners
of Sewers in 1851,', town of Richmond, Surrey,
by Mr. George Donaldson, Assoc.
Inst. C.E.

.Her Royal Highness the
Duchess of Gloucester,
we, are happy to state, continues in the enjoyment of im•
proved bealta at Gloucester House, Park-lane. The vene-
rable Duchess, now the only surviving offapring of King
George 111., will c,ompicte Lex 76th yeg oa tb 2501,0 tlit*
cagiliagEllgatth