The Sun.
London, England, 1852-06-17 00:00:00

7 JUNE ,1 8
.; 4 3 t« 2 =. ic r keTir
-
N°• 18,639.] LONDON THURSDAY rq- - /ro
, I 4442 I
•
44,

To THE ELECTORS. OF TUE BORouG-11
OF FINSBURY.

GEIZ±LEAEN,

Ihave been honoured • with requisitions, numerously signe;d, re-
questing me to ly.;comesx Candidate at, the ensuing Election for the
representation of your ilerou:tt in Parliament.
PosseSsink the confidence of a small, :but intelligent constituency,
and not wishing 19 intrude myself upon the ellectors of any. DorOugh
returning Liberal Members to Parliament, I solicited the requisi-
tionists to afford me opportunities of ascertaining generally the
wishes and" feelings of the Electors of the Borough of Finsbury.
Public Meetings have been held in different parts •of the Borough,
and resolutions have been passed by large majorities, affirming the
principles of the rdquisitions, and pledging themselves to support mo
at the ensuing Election. After an opinion so widely
expressed, and
almost unanimous, I can no longer hesitate to declare myself ready
to accept the onerouniut high distinction of becoming. a Candidate
for your suffrages.
During the time I have had the responsible honour of a seat in
Parliament, I have silt-ported, by my votes,
the great pride )1c of,
Commercial anditeligious Freedom, Of which I have , ever been the
advocate in private life; but in presenting myself as a
Candidate for
the suffrages of so large and important a constituency as the Bo-
rough of Finsbury, I feel it to be my duty, as far as the natrow
limits of an'address will permit, to give you a general outline of my
political opinions.

I AM IN FAVOUR OF
the Extension of the Right of Voting for Members of Parliament,
and that, to protect the poor and honest voter in the free exercise of
his suffrage, the Ballot should be substituted for the present mode
of voting..
That the Duration of Parliament should. never extend heiond
Three Years, and the Act requiring a property qualification for
Members of Parliament should be repealed.
Attached to the -principles of 'ree Trade, I will not only
strenuously oppose .every attempt to restore the Corn-laws, but
will, with my utmost ability, aid in procuring the removal of all
restrictions upon the free exchange of the products of our national
industries with those of aliother countrles.

Our financial policy. based..upon no just political or economical
principle, requires to be thoroughly revised, co as to reduce our
expenditure; and render-m.li system of taxation more equitable in
its operationtei ‘ ' •
In our Military, Naval; Diplomatic, and Colonial ltstablishinents,
large savings may be; effected • without impairing their efficiency.
The Incoroe"Tax, Probate. Duty, and Post-Hire Duty, are examples
of the mode -by which some chtSies of the community and some
descriptions of.property arc unfairly and iniiiriaperly assessed.. •
As one of the representatives of the people, it would be my duty
to endeavour, unceasingly, to liromoteteconoraref expenditure and
to support the introduction-of measures by. which all classes- ina.l
contribifte.their fair. proportion to the revenue ,of the State. The
reasons offered for the increase of our standing army are, to my
mind, inconclusive, and I have therefore opposed, and shall continue
to oppose, a forced and unequal conscription in the form of a Militia.
In a free state, religious opinions should not prevent either the
enjoyment of civil rights or of political, power, and I have always
supported, the removal of all disabilities on account of religious faith,
and I have been; and shall be, the humble but energetic advocate of
complete religious equality.
I am opposed to the payment of any religious denomination from
the taxes raised for secular purposes, and I am deeply convinced
that a large amount of the demoralization and crime which unhap-
pily exists in these islands erisea from a deficiency of education in
the masses of the people. .

I should, therefore, give my earnest and active support to any
measures which would diffuse sound secular education amongst all
classes of my fellow-subjects.
The Reform of the Court of. Chancery. the Abolition of the Eccle-
siastiCal Courts, tie Government of our Colonies, by and through
their own freely-chosen representatives, are subjects which must
occupy the attention of Parliament during the coining Session, and
in the consideration of these great questions my conduct would be
guided by the great principles of a steady, impartial, and inexpen-
sive administration of the laws, and of full, fair, and free popular re-
presentation.
Believing that the freedom which is enjoyed by the British people
is mainly owing to the diffusimn of municipal institutions, and the
exercise of the power of local self-government, I am opposed t 6 the
centralization in the hands of Government-appointed Commissions
the administration or control of local affairs, but that the people
should govern themselves through their freely-Chosen represen-
tatives. •
The vast and important interests in the Borough of Kinsbmy re-
quire from its Members of Parliament a carefuratti-ntion to its local
affairs, and should I- have the honour to be chosen as one of your
representatives, it will be my duty, as well as my pleasure, to devote
an assiduous and energetic attention to the general affairs of the
Borough, as well as to the imperial interests of the country,
1 have-the honour to be, Gentlemen,
- ' Your obedient 'Servant,
Park Village West, Regent's-park. JAMES WYLD.

111 HE ROYAL 'BRITISH BANK, on the
IL Scottish Systeth (Incorporated by Charter), besides the trans-
action of all ordinary Banking business, grants •
CASH CREDITS, and allows 3 per cent. per annum on Sums of
any amount deposited for. Sis months. •
HUGH INNES CAMERON, General Manager.
LONDON---H.Eart OFFICE, 16, Tokenhouse-yard. BRANCHES,. 429,
str,ind ;-47,'Mtidge-street, Lambeth ; 97, Goswell-road; Islington.

THE' WINIS of FRANCE and GERMANY
have been carefully gathered, in their respective localities, by
with all other FOREIGN WINES, they can be
JAMES CAMPBELL, for Sale, at the REGENT-STREET WINE
at Moderate Prices.
'°CbEAtaLtitilieeAncliß:bol rwisahniperaleirel3cularly directed to 'a fine BORDEAUX WINE,
at 28s, peedoien, in one, two, or three dozen cases, which, with the
.bottles, are included in the cost now described by the proprietor,
whose reputation has been appreciated by thp public in his city Es-
tablishments during the last 25 years.
Post-office orders, remittances, or town references should be ad.
dressed to JAMES CAMPBELL, 158, REGENT-STREET, London.
•

GLENFIELD PATENT STARCH.
CAUTION•
TO WHOLESALE GROCERS, DRUGGISTS, &c., &c.
It having lately come t) my knowledge, that some unprintipled
person has for some time past been imposing on my Customers, and
the public generally, by offering for sale a Spurious and Trashy
imitatian of the Glenfield Starch, This is to give Notice, that I
am the Original and Sole. Proprietor and only Manufacturer of the
GLENFIELD PATENT STARCH, and that none is genuine unless
my name be distinctly printed on every Packet, and only can be had
from my Wholesx',o Depots, 40, Dunlop-street, Glasgow, or 40, King
William-street, CAt,,v,, London.
This caution is published by me to prevent furtherimpositiOo upon
the public, 'and serious injury to myself. .
ROBERT-WOTHERSPOON.

Glenfleld Starch Works,
ralsley, June, 1852.

PATRON-H. R. H. PRINCE ALBERT.

OYAL . POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
poj Madame Bregazzi will give Vocal Illustrations of the Melo-

dies of different Nations in their respective Languages, daily at' Four
o'clock.—Llachhoffner arid' Defries's new Patent Polytechnics Gas
Fire exhibited and lectured on, on Monday, Wednesday, and Fri-
day, at llalf.nast Three, and on Tuesday and Thursday Evenino, at
Nine.—Lecture on popular Music, with Vocal illustrations, by George
Buckland, Esq., assisted by Miss Blanche Young, R.A. of-Music,
every evening, except Saturday, at Eight o'clock.—Lectures by
J. U. Pepper, Esq., on tie Alleged Adulteration of the Burton Bitter
Ale with Strchnine, and on the Prevention of Piracy and Forgery by
the Anastatic Process.—Lecture by Mr. Crispe on 'the Britannia
Tubular Bridge.—Lecture on Voltaic Electricity.—A splendid' New
Series of Dissolving Views. —Exhibition of the Microscope, &c., &c.
Admission, is.; Schools and Children ander Ten years of age,

LAURENT'S CASINO,
RGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill- street,
St. James's.
Open every evening by Laurent's Celebrated Band. Principal
Cornet-a-Piston, Fioulcourt.
Doors open at Eight o'clock. Dancing to commence at nine, and
,ierminate at half-past eleven.
Admission—ONE SHILLING.

THE G'o L D FIEL 'D S.
A QUESTION FOR THE ELECTORS OF Trt car OF
LONDON:
Gentlemen,
When you are again called upon to exercise your electorial privi-
leges. Peculiar claims from the country will meet your attention.
You have hitherto exercised your influence with the judgment and
patriotism of worthy citizens : approving valuable institutions, and
encouraging laWful commerce, by which the prosperity of tnedargest
city in the world is maintained. You have shown your approval of
measures calculated to promote the greatest good of the greatest
numbers, and have encouraged those whose daily exertions have
been directed to this important object ; thus have you on all occa-
sions honoured the efforts of E. MOSES and SON, the Representa-
tives of the people, as Merchant Tailors, Clothiers, natters, Hosiers,
Boot and Shoe Makers, and' Outfitters to all parts of the world.
Thousands are leaving our city and the country, but 'they do not
leave the precincts. of our Government, nor will they be forgotten in
the Legislative proceedings of the British Parliament. Government
has at its disposal 10,000/. for assisting Emigrants : to Australia
they purpose dispatching eight ships every nut • weeks, which will
carry about 2,400 persons per, month; add to this the tens of thou-
sands who go on their own resources. then what a form will this
qnestion assume. E. MOSES and SON aro acting their, part, with
the industry, experience, and success which has alwasrs attended
their exertions.. Their perfect acquaintance with the Outfitting bu-
siness renders them fully competent for the special claims of the
times ; they have made the most ample and, complete arrangements
for supplying everything requisite for the emigrant, and their Many
years' experience enables them to do this superior and more feason..
able than any other house in the world. •It is certain that all Emi-
grants sent out by Government or otherwise must have en, Outfit,
and for every class an indispensable Outfit is provided by E. MOSES
and SON. This combines every essential to comfort for every Emi-
grant, whatever his profession or occupation, perfectly suited; to his
passage and his station.. Every article of guaranteed utility and un-
rivalled quality is comprised in E. MOSES and SON'A superlative
Outfits' for the'accornmodation of Emigrants. E. MOSES and EON
maintain a separate department in their gigantic Establishment ex-
pressly devoted to the Outfitting Branch. . •
All necessary information gratuitously supplied to Emigrants. A
full list of Outfits may be had on application, or post free to any
part of the kingdom. •

CAUTION.—E. MOSES and SON are under the necessity of
guarding the public against imposition, having learned that the un-
tradesmanlike falsehood of " being connected with their Establish-
ment,"• or "It's the same concern," has been resorted to in many
Instances, and for obvious reasons. They have
NO CONNEXION WITR ANY OTHER HOUSE IN OR OUT OF LONDON,
except their own Establishments, as follows
-

- -
Lindon City Establishment, 154, 155, 156, and 151, franorlea, 83,
84, 85, and 86, Aldgate, opposite the Church, all communicating.

London West-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New Oxford-etreet, ), 2,
and 3, Hart•street, all communicating.
- -

Bradford (Yorkshire) Branch, 19, Brldgo-ttnet.
ablericad Branch, 36, Fugate.

Merchant Tailors, Clothiers, Batters, nosierS, Farriers, Boa
and Shoemakers, and General Outfitters for Ladles and Gentlemen.
The Establishments aro closed from sunset Friday to snrifiot on
Saturdays, 1, hen business is resumed till Twelve o'clock.
A new Book, entitled " The Library of Elecance," containing a
fall list of prices, and directions for self-measurement, can be had,
kingdomgratis, on application, or forwarded, post-free, to any part of the
.

Aon appli some Almanac for the year ending 1852 can be had, gratis,
ion "

fci I'on parle Francais. 1 Qui 81 parla Italiano.
Hier =let man Deutsch. 1 Aqua so habla Espanol.

fatstiliat
, neat,'
most
CLOTHING is EDUCATION h---------en .
duces in the minds of youths and children W it pro.
inseparable from virtue and respectability, but self-respect,
and Servieable dress only can do this. B. MOSES andi"staMe
niticent preparations for the ensuing vacations are characterized by
abgy.
novelties in innumerable styles and fashions. A staff
eelebrated artists, British and Foreign, and the best workmel/T1
trade are expressly employed by E. MOSES and SON for the Jnnythe
vile Department of their gigantic trade ; by this arrangement, ailed
from unlimited resources, E. MOSES and SON furnish the most
novel, neat, stylish, and substantiat,Tuvenile Clothing; the Ncullar-
, , and
andadmirable ' ity of the ent, affords perfect ease and freedom in all exercises
at the same time secures a correct
.every pattern• colour, and device, give the amplest_ • satisfaction to
all tastes. Cheapness,
combinedlwith every excellency, are plain
reasons why universal patronage is bestowed on E. MOSES and
SON'S Juvenile Clothing. .
public against imosition,
CAUTION.—. MOSES and SON regret having to guard the
Establishment," or ",It's.
having learned that the untradesmanlike
falsehood of "Berlg connected with their
the same concern," has been resorted'to in many instances, and for
obvious reasons. They beg to state that they have
,No CONNEXION wrrn ANY OTHER HOUSE IN OR OUT OF LONDON,
except their
London City Establishment-154 and 157, Minories ; 83,
84. 85. and 86,
Airmant-154, 155, 156, l
intntinica ng.
London West End 1.1 gate
own Establishment s, as follows :
rancla-1, 2, and 3, Hart -Street,
(opposite the Church), al co
eating. all colputial-
.Bradford (Yorkshire) liranc
Sheffield, Branch, 36, Fai.f4,—;ll, 18, Bridge-street. • '
Shoemakers, and General Outfitters
cow for Ladies and Gentle Me- •
Merchant Tailors, Clotaleme., 73 t.t„.._ rucd„,,,,_
The Establishments are
set on garnrdn't a, ~.,-1,4, buCliesichlrirm sunset on FrmlaS a till sr3l"
A new Book, entitled ~ The Library till 'twelve o'eltae.k. ,
list of prices, and directions for self-inrraQf
a - --, --..., Furriers, Boot sad
on application, or forwarded post free tosurEle
any Part of the kingdom.
A handsome Almanac for the year ending Elegance," containingfull
meat, can be had, gratis,
1852, can be had, gratis;
on application.
. let l'on Pula Francais.. ..
KlivilPitilrillitlA Ma apla, l4al. Aqualo /a .
ra3palia,' .

Now ready, in 3 vols. .ayo., with fine Portraits, 425. hound,
UWE OF MAPLE DE. MEDICIS, QUEEN;;
' HENRY IV.._arel REGENT of FRANCE.

Alia. I'ARISOE. -
"A fascinating book. ' A biography combining the attractiveness
of romance with the reliableness-of history, .and_whiell, taking a
place mid .vay between—the--` frescoed plleries' of Thlerry aad the
philosophic watch-tenter' of Guizot, has ail the pictorial brilliancy
of the one with much of the reflective speculation of the other."—
,
Daily News.
Colburn and Co., Phlilishers,-13, Great Marlborough-street.

THE TRAVELLER'S LIiBRAR Y.
On Wednesday, June SO,' will be published, in 16m0., price One
- Shilling,
IFIRITTANY ani the BIBLE ; with Remarks
IL JI en the French People and their Affairs. By I. HOPE.

Also, on the same dav, iu 16mo„ price Ono Sla llitig, •
The NATURAL HISTORY of CRZATION. By T. LINDLEY
KEMP, M.D., Author of "Agrirultural Physiology," B.;c.
m.,* The above Ivotks wi I form the 23d and 24th Parts of TIIE
TRAVELLER'S LIBRARY.
Just published in ibis Series,
Mrs. lIMESON'S S_KETC/IT,S In CANADA and RAMBLES
among the RED MEN. Price Ilalf-a-Crown ; or in Two Parts, One
Shilling each.
Loudon: Longman, Drown, Green, and Lonznians.

MRS. CROMAND'S NEW WORK.•
This (by is pulinshQd, price Six Shillings,
. Y. . .D 1.
A. WOMAN' ROOK. • .
By Mrs. NEWTON CROSLAND,

• -(Gate Camilla Toulrain.)
"A WOman's Book it is in iti'delicacy of sentiment, gracefulness
of style, and quick appreciation of character."—Literary Gazette.
" Mrs.. Crosland's `Lydia' is an exquisite portrait of a true
woman."—Critic. • • • - -
London: Groombridge and. Sons, 5, Paternoster-row.

• Published This nay—Price One Penny.
A N 'ANSWER to. JOHN SMALL (of Fetter-
rx. lane) and to his DISINTERESTED "CAUTION "to the
BRIGHTON SHAREHOLDERS and the PUBLIC at LARGE,
against the.CRYSTAL PAIaCkl 'removal to "Sydenham."

By a BRIGHTON SHAREHOLEiER,
Pelham Richardson, 23, Cornhill. •

TRA BUN A L.S -OF CO. NIME'II:tR
At a PublieMeeting, held at tlie London Tavern this day,
MONTAGUE GORE, Esq., in the Chair, , •
Thb'following resolution was unantmous'y carried :
Moved by Mr. Tnemes LEi, and seconded by Mr. Thomas ASTON,
That the resgnation of th 6 following gentlemen he accepted, viz.-
31r. J. 3f: FR Asta. •
` Mr. R. C. POLHILL.
" Mr. DAVIEL MACFARLANE.
Mr. CHARLES wHfr.E.
And that they do hand over to Mr. Francis 'Lyne, the Honorary Se-
cretarf to this Movenient,-all Reeks and Documents in their posses-
sion, and the' balance of any Cash in their hands.
FRANCIS LYNtI, honorary Secretary.
12, Mark-lane, June,l6, 1852.. .

EXTRA STEAMER to thit'CAPE of GOOD
HOPE.---The GESTRIVAL SCREW STEAM-SHIPPING
COMPANY'S screw steamei HELLESPONT, 530 tons, W. WATTS,
Commander, will sail from Plymouth, punctually, on the 25th inst.
She has excellent accommodation for Passengers, and space for a
limited quantity of fine goods.
For passage apply al the Offices of the Company, No. 2, Royal
Exchange-buildings ; for freight, to I.TeSsrs. Balfour, Laming, and
Owen, 157, Fenchurch-street.

I._,INCOLNSIIIRE and NORFOLK
RAILWAY. •
PROVISIONALLY REGISTERED.
At a Public Meeting,
,of. the Inhabitants, of Holbeach, and other
parts of the District between Spalding and LYnn, traversed, by this
proposed Railway, held In the 'Market Room, in Holbeach, on
THURSDAY, the 10th ip9t.,, '
JOHN CARTER, Esq., in the Chair,
It was resolved,
That the CONSTRUCTION of a RAILWAY between SPALDING
and f4YNN, with a BRANCH tq WISBEACH, will be a great benefit
to the Agricultural and Merpantile interests of this district.
Until the Prospectua fs publialled, all communications in reference
to this Railway, to be adißessed•to Hr. T. L. Marriott, Solicitor,
10, Tokenhouse-yard, London.

•
THE EBRO CANALIZATION' COMPANY.
COPIES of the REVISED PROSPECTUS nay now be had
on application at the Offices of 'the Company, N0..4, Adam's-court,
Old Broad street, London.

By. order,
C. STEWART, Seen

CLERKS' MUTUAL
lOOIATION (enrolled under the
EVOLENT. FUND.
Led 1840.
srms.
Thomas" Baring, Esq., M.P. IW. G. Prescott, Esq.
Thomson Hankey, Jun., Esq. Baron L. de Rothschild, M.P.
TBEABUREICOF TIM BENEVOLENT FUND.
John Abel Smith, Esq., M.P.
For the important adKantages offered by this Association to Clerks
and the PLINIO in general, apply to the Secretary.
42, Moorgats c
-street, London,3llty 1, 1852. BYRNE, Secret try.

ore. tem.

THE PROVIDENT
LIFE ASSURANCE AS
Friendly Society's Acts) and BE:
•
, , Establisl
,_ • ~, TRIM

IMPORTANT .MEDICAL AND SURGICAL:WORKS,
Just publithed, by H. BaiMere, 219, Regent-street, London.
9v0., in cloth, price 61 I.
by post free, M. 6d.,
• PALSt SPERIVIATORMICEA ;
ON TRUE &
with the View to the. Correction of wide-spread, Errors
in relation to the Treatmeat and Cure of Sufferers Irons Debility of the
Gererative System, or Sexual Hypochrondriasis. Tnutslated,from
the German of Dr. TICKPORD, of the University of Heidelberg.
Dr. Pickford is knoWn to English readers by his freqiienf practi-
cal contributions to German. medical literature. This is the first
time, he informs us, that he has acidres,ed himself to the non-medi-
cal reader. We' trust this may not be• the last, if he shall
detect any other equally-flagrant evil which it may be in his
power p. correct."—London Medical Gazette, May 30, 1851.
—" The editor has Conferred 'a great boon on the sufferers from this
distressing malady by translating this little book, and by laying bare
the scandalous practices of unqualified. adventurers, who profess to
care a disease of which they know nothing, with no other object
than to fill their °WTI purses. The difference between true Sperma-
torrhcea and the various forms of disease which resemble it are
accurately described,. and• thus: a safe guide is offered for the
treatment of the malady "—Medical Circular, May b, 1852.
—" We have delayed so long upon the contents of the preliminary
chapter, that we have scarcely left ourselves space tbr any notice 'of
the subject specially treated of by Dr. Pickford ; buethe moderate
Price at which the brochure' is sold, places it within the reach of
every One interested in the matter."—Dublin Medical Friss, April
38,1852.

- 1T9.. I.
Bvo., In cloth, price 33. 6d., by post free, 43.
THE CURE OF. STRICTURE OF TILE URETHRA., on Princi-
pies at wide Simple, Safe, and Efficient, in even its most Inveterate
and apparently Intractable Forms. To which is added, PRACTICAL
OBSERVATIONS ON‘ THE TREATMENT OF SPERMATORR-
WEA. BY CA.UTERIZITI)N ; its Tneljlelency. and
.Danger„
BY F. B. COURTENAY,
Member of the itby
al College of Surgeons ef England.
"Those( ,who complain most loudly are those only who know no t
how to-use-the common instruments
geons has been maned with all hinds of violence, an indifference
about the shaple care of diseases, and a passion for operations and
all the excesses and botrors'.of surgery."—lohn Bell's Surgical
Observations.-=." In proof of his views he (Mr. Courtenay) has
given the history of a great many casei successtbily treated, as bad,
as any which
Such are cases ix., xl odi., and xvill. No Ix. had resisted, for a
Mr. Syme adduced, and on which he had operated.
period of twelve ye iri;, the treatment by dilitation, and WAS finally
removed in as many Weeks. But cases xviii. and mix. appear, both
in duratioo, severity, and complication of symptoitis, of a, more ag- •
gravated character than any detailed by Mr. Sytne, and yet the
treatment adopted by Mr. Courtchay proved eminently successful."
—Professor Lizars on the Treatittent of Stricture..

•
TOUT'? AND MATURITY.
With • FlOll Directions for their PITTCIIOOII and. Cure. ..
7411DICAL VICE ON VIE SECIttIT INFIRMITIES WI:.
net published, in French,. English,. German,
FIFTY COLOUR E EN CI RAVINGS 0.1,1" STEL
Italian, in Sealed iivelope,U ed., or post-free from tho Author
,or Forty-two Stenis; Dutch, Sean is n, and
a
SE LF-PRESERVATTO.N,;. a
Medical. Treatise the Ph itry of Marriage, and on the
on ys o • a
.3eeret Infirmities and ..Disorderiiif Youth and Maturity', usua y o-
mired at an early period of life, which destroy the physical and
mental Powers, diminish and enfeeble the natural feelings, and ex-
haust the vital energies of Manhood ; with Practical Observations on
the certain Prevention. and succiassful Treattnent Of Nervous Debi-
Ity,.Local and Constitutional Weakness Syphilis, Stricture, and all
DiseaSes and derangements resulting frOm Indiscretion, as adopted
by Lallemand, Iticorti,.and other eminent Menfbers of the faculty of
Physiology, and Dieeates- of the Ileproductive Organs,
Prance. With Fifty coloured Engravings, illustrating thee natomy,
!heir structures, Haas, And functions, and the various injuries OA
are produced in them by solitary habits, excesses, and infection,
plaining
•By SAMUEL LA'MERT,
BEPF 0,21 D-S QUA It E,--YONDO
N.
Dxtor of Medicine' 'Matriculated Member of the University of Edin-
burgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society,
Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, Member of the Hunterian
Medital Society of Edinbargli,
This
work contains a plain and complete description of the ana-
t.onay and physiology of the repiodUctlie organs, and of their relative
conditions in health and disease. Dr. Taa'Mert, who has taken tits
highest medical honours, as evidenced by the diplomas and testimo-
nials inserted in the work, is the only legally qualified medical man
who hasexclusively, and for many years, devoted his studies to the
treatment of these complaints:. He may be consulted with advan-
tage by all thole whose constitutions may have become debilitated
through secret ,practices acquired In youth,. or by the excesses of •
later years, whereby the pleasures of • litb are marred, the objects of
marriage frustrated, and existence itself rendered•a term of unceas-
ing misery and regtet.
Published by, the Author, and May be had of J. Gilbert, 49, Pater-
noster-row • Hanhay,-63, Oxford-street ; Starle, Titchbornd-street,
Elaymarkee; Gordon; 146, Leadenhsll-street; Mann, 23, Cornhill ;
or free by post for forty-two stamps, from the author's residence,
who may be consulted on these disorders personally or by letter,
!type in Ted 11l Two. and from Six till Eight. •
. .

RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS.
, BRISTOL, JUNE 16.
STOCK EZZCHANGE. —The share market was more than
usually buoyant to-day,- and prices were firm.' The transac-
tions reported were—Bristol and Exeter, 97 %—Great West-
erns, 92%—Taff Vale,- New, 234 p.
LIVERPOOL, JUNE 16.

Sirocx ExcErmroE.—Thererwas an improved feeling ex-
hibited in the share market to-day, and •a large business
has been done at higher prices. • The transactions were as
follow :—Caledonian, 20%—Eastern Counties, 978 East
Lancashire, 18%—Lancashire and Yorkshire, 75w—Ditto,
Fifths' 5% xlis.—London and North-Western, 125—Ditto,
New Quarters, 55/8 p.—Ditto, Fifths, 4% p —Midland,
691/8—Shrewsbury and Chester (Oswestry and Chester),
1414—South-Eastern and Dover, 2114—York and North
Midland, 241—York, Newcastle, and Berwick, Preference,
unpau
. •
l-up, 25/8. dig: •
MANCHESTER, Jura: 16.

Coun-
ties, 9
proved appearance to-day, and prices generally had a ten-
SpocK EXCFIANGE.The share market presented an
dency upwards. The transactions were as follow: Black-
burn 031 Preference, 5--Caledonian, 20%—Eastern
Yorkshire, 75
3/1,--East Lancashire .Quarters 18—Lancashire and
NTOCK EXCHANG:•--anTilserteou:
5/e—London and-North-Western, New Quarters,
51:4 P.—Midland, 69k.
done- to to-day. 13:10nrNg ilthEfeAsMalesjeuffNeEcteld6. were—Birming-
a;raal feayi i amountlo%B—Shrewsbury
sohfr
ebwu business
ham, Wolverbiampto d
and Birmingham (B),
[A-

.flvEnTismlENT.]---.Elolloway's Pills an efficient
remedy for Sickness of the Stomach; Loss of and
General Debility.--The 'wife of Mr. Thomasss
2 boot
maker, of 14, Maxey-road, 'Plumstead, had sufferel;mor
re
than seven years frem sickness of the stomach and loss
orfnaep-
petite, and was so debilitated as to be compelled to keep her
bed. She had bden to the hospital for advice, and under dif-
ferent medical men, but without benefit, and at this time her
life was despaired of.. As a last resource Holloway's Pills were
tried, and, to the astonishment of all her friends, they produced
immediate relief, and soon restored her to sound and robust
health.--Sold by all Druggists and at Professor liolloway's
Establishment 244, Strand, London.
RESOLVE, NOT TO BE POOL—Whatever you have,
ss. 'poverty is a great enemy to human happiness.
liberty,. •
and extremely Johnson.
proctic,lible Irceddlaeinly destroys y, and.t makes some virtues int-

1' .‘ Lucrura AT THE SOCIETY OF ARTS.
I TIIE AUSTRALIAN
ye,verdly evening the most crowded 'meeting ever
soon' within the walls of the Society of Arts: assembled
to hear Mr. a - v-n Shilling, eit
eravi recently returned from
the Australian gold fields, reada.paper descriptive ofthe
" diggings," :their geological f GOLD FIELDS.
pare?, present position,
and futuro prospects. Some * ens of quartz and
" nuggets," provided by the le ttentioa of Professor
Tennant, were exhibited, but
-,Cgreat was the crowd
that only a few in the inainedirt ' Aeighbourhood of the
table could gratify their curiosi 'by en' inipection.
The chair having "been taken ': Mr. WinekwortO•
,
Mr. bItILLING read the fullo g paper:—
"The 'Australian cordillerciettic in a line with tee
coast, and. at an average di/tan. 'f less than one hun-
dred mile; . from the shore.
L rid the waters are all
tributaries of the Darling anellurrembidgeet which
unto to form the Murray, f .
g into the sea near
Adelaide. Gold hes been fon lec both sides of these
cordillera, and chic fly, as wo all see, is the smal-
ler streams and bends or the „ vers; but the basin
of the Murray may be said to . onstitute the Austra
lian , gold field. It is well lino ''-
chiracter of these ranges is then she as that of the Sierra
Nevada of California and I.TrAI, mountains of Russia.
And in Australia, as -in these 'countries, by far e
t. lr il - r-ild hr
pror that the, geological

na Thisbereenv.(,):
river
at
timeB
Sgo'flC:isl;gbeetilhr4hilretdhofr6ameciuhme accumulated
landarg ebsetd.sau it!
fp lryi
rivers
masses of debris, either torn from the mountain sides by
of past ages. Even although a hundred-weight
of nature, or brought down by the floods
found in the matrix at one spetcrst would be assuming
more than we have any founded°. .
for doing, to say that
gold may anywhere- he found .
,•.neentrated in large.
quantities; every circumstance. '
4. flier tends to prove
thaeit has existed but rarely le .
i ~! • asses, or at any rate
and disseminated amongst the.. . •
f mountoies. that.
that thsse have been so brokenditt.o
-gold. The
it is now almost hopless to search after matrix
weight has been
very outline of these hills and mountains, almost
exception rounded, and with precipices et, any magni-
tude, but seldom showing themselves, would make it
probable that their surface irregularities have been caused
by detritus,. so as to give this peculiar charecter to the
scenery, the only distinguishing feature that the gold
field perhaps possesses. Imagine a number of enormous
ac
lomu course ofwi
tabgoeust,
haycocks, from sto 1,500 feet high,
together as impenetrable substances of euch.a shape
could be generally crammed, in ranges, but sometimes
isolated ; their steep. slopes covered to the. summit with
the thin evergreen, or rather ever-brown; bush of 4tns;
tralia, and you will have a very fair idea of the general
appearance of the gold districts. Its ether features are
such as are common to mountainous countries, with the
of as close
limpid stream winding down the deep valley between
the projecting spare; or noisy' orrent rushing impetu-
nouoswlynieclro,wda s
etrh:o attjooinnainmge genuilyly. f
a‘ter heavy rains ; at
,useetitemeds' tPoefirhnatipeit's wbyey atvietthredeitaffileelywfbroiemb
onst of the rivers,
a succession of
other times they Fe little. hater 1.17 a
often,water
ihnodl
ee
es
d;
one hole to another ; yet precipices, formed by the tear-
ing away 'of steep banks, show not ;infrequently the
force with which their swollen waters must at times have
rolled; In New' Sohth Wales, the range takes the
name of Blue' Mountains, which in the early days of the
colony opposed a formidable barrier to
Many attempts had been made to cross them in vain ;
but the drOught of 1813 led to another attempt on the
Part of the, three gentlemen, of whom Abe
its extension.
Wentworth
the opening of the Bathurst district, taking its name.
was one ; it was completely succeseful, and
from the town then founded, to which a road was
at once cotnmenced. - This road has been since
LS not the
resulted in
This barrier thus removed, nothing
, has since
liemaPstrevaerad by
theBtr triumphs 'of ea:fedi/le:ring slim._
stopped the progress of the settler in his search for
new pastures, wet the consequence is, that about two of the small population ofg2oolo:oboeoaraitn'egvaetrryeatmhihn:Y.
scatterer) an enormous territory; the other one-third
are town populetio. The choicest valley's in the moun-
tains have tines become -occtipied by e. s,
see- P stations or
small settlers, and for years the
been used for; domestic purposes, and the 'soil tilled
without gold having been discovered. .Thha may at first
excite surprise; but it Must be remembered that gold is
Etshooelisptabauraritfignoloytaa.tohrinadoiymi6inonuthteelypdrois,seeamo,ninfe
wteditsbthbargoutthaot throughout the
re-
veals itself. ~.?There is scarcely more appearance of it on
that, ef, Wimbledon-common or
Putney-heath. Indeed, es Mr. Hargreaves, the disco-
verer, wrote from California.to* his brother. when he
says, " I am very forcibly impressed that I have been in
a gold regienin New ;South Wales, 'within 300 mites of
Sydney;
_unless you know-how to find it you may live
for a century in the region and know nothing of its
existence.", - This, was dated March 5, 1850, and per-
hapa originated a rumour which circulated in the news-
papers long previous to the discovery; bat, years before,
several geologists, especially Sir R. Murchison
and the Rev. Mr.-Clarke, bad predicted the existence of
gold. Mr. Clarke, indeed, pr.-ogee-1r that he could hen.
found it, bat would not, as it was inexpedient, the colony
being a convict one. A shepherd had even been known to
have sold gold in considerable quantities in Sydney, but
he kept his secret in spite
until' now Ophir was proclaimed in Mat, las year,
was-the mystery of his wealth revealed. The locality
thus named by Mr. Hargreaves
se is a deep ravine, through
which flows the Summon:in Creek, from the lofty
Cemollus, between 4,000 and 5,000 feet high. So deep
is the ravine that the diggers enjoy very little of the
of the geologists, and not
sun. On ono side it is baunded
schist, in some, places almost The ex-
citement caused by the discovery, as yea tney readily
imagine, was vary great, and the mail was besieged by
crowds, who had waited with im
—Patienc "for confirmatory
perpendicular.
accounts. These had no sooner arrive than en almost
by rocks of
inetanianeous change took place in the spec' of things,
and it was impossible to stir out in th streets or walk
quartz and
along the high Tend
,vvithout pereeiei the alteration.
Cradles'and digging paraphernalia in uding upon the
pathway, half-finished houses deserted by the workmen,
ii
and a large proportion of the shops closed, gave a new
many a page ; for more
and melancholy appearance ,te,
the streets. The•
road .would have furnished to a le
'motley crowds or stranger
outfits than thoSe of the hundreds who joined ill the
first rush to thee mines . could scarce) he conceived.
At the came nape provisions, . and YespeciallY flour,
rose to hitherto! undbeard-of prim. The 20). loaf.
.
previously 3d., liecaeue 28 Mee'
a as 9 I. at SYdesPealti° flour at Ophir was scarcely to 1,
- -0 had kkr neiney, lee' a
ton was even advertised to take, it there, 150 miles; The
necessity of takipg provisions with them acted a' a
&sickens Matter for
check upon the 'number ut diggers, eau it is estimated
that while; during the first ten- nays,
Ophir, these hadiincreased in another fortnight to 2,000,
with hundreds still on the road, The space within which
they had to work wee limited,, and
thsy were but badly
provided for the winter, whieh
, is tile mountains, i'
111:trhrceohr sun° fai
nnaedsh betterea umsaeristih
quite another thing te what At is s, sydneete During
Juee aud July alinost e.,. lee
' .13Y were tone Seen return-
ing from the ratnessas had Os sere bee going there,
ansi,.mostly in very sorry plight.
The severe . 82250L1,
heavy rains, and perhaps in part the extravgant hope'
there were 400 at
Steer bteh this tsreverse.
in
part
because extravagant.
difficulties, thought Flopeful they bad les-
sened of the labour,
faswoenirlidimie
dmeadae;t:hosoenui
fiardeotd:ffit h a pr 0 a
ts ; an a wh e a
different,n returned in disgust; such, at least, Was the case
ny of the;Sydisey adventurers. Tlse consequence
' that the diggings became rho best place to air° IS'
WAS
place to live, for lour And pro-
visions had been sent up .to_ supply _
'Y a population which
had vanished. As instance of this re.
)the cheapest
ection may mea-
t*, found it all so
tion one case,
were aft - o re- in
hlting,up-stores which °.!wards taken part.
brought d
ment, and than
e 'y
n again to the ports in
in which a party .was
e proved a lesson
to many in the colony, and especially, x inangine, to these
Government clerkswho t npiVe 401. for
had ,°IIIY hesitated about going
well en. uce the:Jeri
to
'r apeointissent
that none who left thei
3 onld have them
about to leave
this country to consider
.thenrnootwo fitaess, before they
madly encounter difficulties
,nt Perhaes,
e to navvies
been urers. In New,
again. And it may
of those who thugY the sedentary and
weak. But many o
should be over returned only
waited till the winter .. nto understand
ittent in its ~ fever,' as it may
well be called, is interm
ointed egai 's°tioh. ' and once
end strong
seized by it, though issPPins,
and the!. anlin
ag"D' in
men, but insurmountable
the s gel fever
they were
patient,
discontented and en t e
resolved to try againse;t
means to try his luck ene et so much as
e more.
the shee while, this re-action enabled Psovvneee to s -
some months before - " get in
TAOSt -caies the disease riseiliMr fact,t
as ..t was the accounts
last year's clip, i
she next discosterere
from the Turon, where
the
the advent, explored by
want of the mea
diggers from Ophir; re-attractedd dreads otaitien,hrsepy
, ,one of the year
principal
diggings, and as many as
township estimated to have
The
of 8 s
been there at one time.
and at the end eiala has
been founded with its
South Walei the Turon halohZeratroo
est the
church, .
two public-houses of which on
hoard, took 5001. 4ofala i
its opening day, I
d 18 throughi the ?, about 30
miles from Bathurst,
gut
so lofty, but he 114111 fret°
ogether i.
The bedrock is r the most Dart
deserves the name.
h d after sinki throueh `--:i
schistose, and is reac
e and pebbles bak d haesrt a tell
clay, a strata of clay
had been licensed
Ophir. The hills are no
rather
to resemble rock,' °r
sand bound ,so hlsre is a red saedstone
the
then
hard e miner
another layer of
sometimes below this
and pieecte),
comes to strata of
Soapstone;iver claims. l'here is
°am'
in°ll in some a -the.
rof the hills• Nor banks,
are other
tikS, . and
claims on the tort
the anrifereua earth to the
bake. Sometimes
but several car wei-e. toenvthe
d,
stream is very greats
load, and on radle eat-s fake&
in doing this, at ls. a
These dry di ings, of •
four cartloads per day._
of never being flooded, Whicours.e,
have the adventegoto
h winter of last year, is eh in
a wet season, like
unceraver
tY
the labour of carrying .
os in the creek and river'AinY
beds,
in
them than ill 84
' attentione' soon enable a
*here experiance and d .-en of certainty,man to
with borne denier, f ere
choose a Tido -
features more
dideed;
eons places having' r the gold is deposited in ne
than in others. nardleh!' '4,r
for dePoeits, are pretty
rocks in its bed lying wt.': ee t
ered with the detritus wtfthbee
gentle slope from ridges coy
tarns in -the stream, ° t
auriferous rocks, short sharp
with unturned edges, am, and
ges, end erevioes,
forming receptacles or pocees
. abundance is IQ be got and
sure indications that geld in
._.
e.. 4
...
th 6 gteateat deposits axe a* i 9 P °PP 14 the tam
plentifullyb u her
e is
.much
.mores

of the stream .on and near the projecting points,- but, in
the dry diggings, there is little to guide the digger; he
has no idea nettl he has actually tried and dug a hole to
the bed rock what his fortune is likely to be, end the
depth to which he has to dig varies from sft. to'2oft.,
and oven more.. Atter passing through the loose top
soil and red clay ho comes to the mixture of red manly
earth, in which are bedded gravel and pebbles. The
pebbles increase in sixd. sa he gets n.earer to the bed rock,
where he.finds boulders a 100Ibs. and upwards in weight,
evidently worn by the attrition of water through cen-
turies. At this depth the soil is white and clayey. The
mixture of earth and pebbles is extremely hard, and
picks worked on it require to be pointed very often.
After working down through.this to bad rock, the gold
digger may be rewarded handsomely, and he may, on
the other hand, have thrown all his labour away. Some
such holes, 16 or more feet deep, yield barely a quarter
of an ounce a day during washing, while others not half
the depth may yield from five to ten ounces. Oakey
Creek is the richest of those falling into the Turon, and
immenraholes, piles of rubbish, heaps of pebbles, and
cradle tablings, showed even last November that it had
been well explored. A smaller creek of thesame name,
separated from it by a dividing ridge, is also exceed-
ingly rich. About two miles up it the banks become
very precipitous and regged, and there is a fall of about
&teen feet. Aboye the fall it is a mere watercourse over
table land occupied as a sheep station. The women even.
at the sheep station took knives and pint pots, and ga-
thered the gold from the crevices of the rocks, but the
scarcity of water prevented any extensive cradling.
What must babe been the sensations of the people at the
sheep station 'at seeing so much gold dug out of the spot
where they have been for years in the habit of filling
their tea-kettle? The rocks about both these creeks are

schist and quartz, and appear to be much worn, the tops
and sides of the ridges being covered with their detritus.
Where exposed to the weather, the schist is of a , are/.
'Vend ofd zed- c-orour,Miitin riT6 wrort creek it is often
blase and green, and has - a polished appearance.
Quartz veins traverse it in a north and south
directiOn. The prices on the best claims on
the l'uron will afford some clue as to its richness. The
best one was sold for nine hundred pounds, and
the purchaser allowed two days' trial, in which he got
160 t. 'towards the purchase-money.' The bed rock was
nine .feet from the surface, and very uneven, jutting up-
wards in masses, forming huge pockets for holding the
precious metal. Another claim, sold for 7001., did not
repay the purchaser, though 71bs. were found one day,
and 51bs. the next. One party, called rangers, procured
1,500/, worth in four or five weeks; but, says the corre-
spondent of the paper, the enumeration of such remark-
able successes can only have a prejudicial effect in
giving a false notion of the general success of the
miners; .for besides the rich golden Point, Sheep Sti-
tion point, and Satin. Hill, there is a Pennyweight hill,
'a
city of refuge to those who fled to it from utter wee%
To expect more than a bare subsistence was out of the
question, and yet to see them toiling at their miserable
task, delving away like mad, carrying huge bags of soil
to be washed, and the whole hill like an ant bill with
bustlo and burry moving with active life, you would
fsncy they were making their fortune, and almost
breaking their necks to make it soon, As an instance of
the floods with which these mountainous districts' are
sometimes visited, I will read a description of one which
occurred in Oakey Creek in the middle of December.
It is suppesed to have been caused by the breaking
of a water-spout during a thunder-storm, for the pro-
digious volume of, water which, in less than an hour
from the commencement of the storm, poured its devas-
tating flood down the creeks, could scarcely owe its rise
even' to the heaviest fall of rain. A loud roar, like a
coming storm of wind, was the only warning, and before
miners had time to think, the moving mass of waters
was upon them; cradles and other implements were
swept away to destruction; holes and excavations filled
up, and heaps of useless earth thrown up by miners
were levelled down, burying what tools were not carried
away, and restoring somewhat the former appearance of
the creeks before they were disturbed by the pursuit of
gold. Miners barely escaped with life, and there were
one or two fatal accidents. After the flood, the waters
of which subsided almost as quickly as they rose, the
banks of the creek, especially about the highest water-.
ntalkowere thinly sprinkle's] with gold, which the miners
nugget of one ounce was picked
of New South Wales, next-in import-
sugtptliic. I think, Braidwood or Aralven
diggings, in the county of St. Vincent. The correspondent
et, the Empire, Dec. 10,
caktTloyhthegaadthiTggeurgnts,
wero,
says, I was astounded at the
busy scene; :the entire bed had been rooted up from
20 to 2,5 feet, and in each excavation from 6 to 10 men
were engaged in dislodging the auriferous soil; and
conveying it tolhe cradles near the water coarse, for-the
purpose of separating the gold from the detritus. The
Mapes Creek (which has proved the richest) is pro-
perly a swamp, covered in most places with long silky
grass in tusfocks. The surface soil is black and rich in

the extreme, suitable for garden ground. This runs to
and
considerablep as passing through
sisine
e these
are:
found
u mass the depth of .from 5 to 8 feet, under which. is a, stratum
of d&composed granite, the richest veins are blue and
adssbeonfesaotlhidl rock
ailkof
jacent hills are granite and anriferous to a greater or
lees extent. Some, thirty .miles to the north of the
Turon is the Naroo, a creek, or river, in the county of
bouldersgreena n
of
Wellington, flowing into the Cudgegong; it has never
been so well tried as either of the others; and, being on
a much larger scale, offords room for thousands.
Gold is here found in surface earth, in black and
red gravel; and uneer the gravel, in blue clay, which,
is generally considered the most promising, as it re-
tains the gold, in' fact, gold can scarcely be looked for
in gravel, as the gravel, so easily disintegrated, will have
allowed the heavy metal to fall through to the bed of the
stream; but the clay is perhaps never thoroughly disin-
tegrated, and the masses, when deposited, have still gold
disseminated throughout them; but Ibis clay is very bad
'io work in the cradle. Not unfrequently it rolls up in
balls about the size of pills, and carries the gold with it,
as it clings so tenaciously to the crevices of the larger
stones that uo ordinary amount of rocking will separate
it from them, and the stones may be thus thrown away
with no inconsiderable quantity of dust clinging to the
sides. The day eihould perhaps be steepedin a trough,
or better still, dealt with in some . kind of a puddling.
,rho Louiwereek, so famous on account of 'the cut, is
a tributary of the Naroo; but here the diggings aro on
e table land some distance from, the stream. The , his-
tory of the cut I presume, too well known for me to
repeat. I will only mention that, while staying et the
Cotnniisgioner's, I saw. revere' times the black who
pointed it out to Dr. lierr, and having squandered
his .reward, he was 'cuttieg bark for the barracks at 4d.
a sheet. Another magnificent nugget, valued ae I be-
!love, 1,e001„ was found :male months after by Ides nun's
party, and several smaller once since. A company is
now working a half-acre claim in this locality, so that
the 'diggers have been driven from the choicest part.
Their average got up to the. time of my leaving was 10
ounces a day, with 30nsen employed, who received V. Zs.
wageS and rations. This is much above the average of
•he previous diggerS, kho wint the great advantage of
syitem. I had the pleaSiare of dining with the company
on Christmas-day off 'roast- beef and plum-pudding, the
thermometer being 10e deg. in the shade. About 55,
miles from Bathurst are the Abercrombie The
river may be described as tthe Turon on tv grand
the monntaina loftier, creeks and gullies deeper, and
river a more important stresne. Its geological features
are precisely similar, consisting of slate, alter-
nating with trap and porphyry, and that peculiar
gravel deposit under which such abundance of
gold has been discovered at the Turon is to be
seen cropping out at many points of the river; but
the work at the Abercremble is mere hen-scratching
compared ta the Herculean labours at the Term. But
it would be,tedions and .inipossible to go. throng.% the
long list of diggings, and the probability es that in the
out-of-the-way valleys and gullies there- are yet other
generally unknown ones where many a digger may be
racking his cradle and saving 'his license fee. The ones
I have mentioned are the chief in New South Wales.
Of Victoria I can only speak from report. The first ac-
count of its goldfields which reached New South Wales
were quite Unwarranted by facts, so that for some time
all Victoria gold news was received with discredit. It
has since, however, been incontesttbly shown that their
mines
'are the richest: they are nearer, too, to the capital,
eacoounts for the greater yield, as it was
which in Par •teiPopulation, while Sydney was at
almost drained
s.
no time perhspa more than decimated. Buninyong wa
the first discovered. It is about • forty miles from
Geelong, and is described as on the edge: of
peri forest in the raid"
of.magnificent
an o
• ltural country. A pretty valley, clothed_
tsgT 1011
ther side, with a verdant meadow spread
timber on either
which
ripples a stream hin-
t the bottom, through
oat scolour and
probably till the search for gold gave it a .
pid pro On one side a
• tem, more resembling pea-soup.
COIIOIS
'llprojects into the basin, and is honey-
little round
Mount Alexander
combed with holes eight feet square.
is re to the north, and as in New South Wales, it
more
mew the Ile • hest yield of gold is obtained from a strata
f blue dd
clay found at.a depth of from two feet to nine
readily be •
o From these circumstances it will
feet.
two kinds of diggings—river dig-
me-
awed that there arc
'• and dry diggings: at the dry diggings, away
dig-
gings the stream, rold must be found near
„ether away from
b—
the surface. But we will suppose a party of diggers
over all the difficulties of the road and arrived on the
seals
field.
g 0 , ess the are so fortunate as to have
Unl y
cl• •
' when some new iggings have been
• ed at a time
arm'
s ered, and before all the claims are occupied, they
tel:ilciViave to prospect in search of one: so while some are
-
left in • charge of the property, others, provided with
pickaxe,spade, and prospecting pan, start on the pro.
.
eenug tour •
the pan is merely a large round
6P
gat-bottomed shallow tin dishb into which, as
soon as they come to what they consider a good
, they will throw a spadeful of earth and stones
r--e,ieirying it down with them •to the stream,
—thee,- will here dip it into ehe water and shake it,- thus
allowing ing the particles of gold, ' if there, to descend by
• ight through the upper layer of agitated earth
their we •
and stones, then holding itto that the water may carry
and
the earth through-which it will have passed, they
twat
• dip it in the water, end repeat this simple preens
„„til thO earth is all carried away and the gold only
foie. As Boon as they find it in what they consider
P• 11 le „g quantity, they will, ehoose'some convenient place
on the stream where they may establish their cradle.
The cradle is exactly the same thing as the common
&Wilk) article, With an upright woodeu handle at.,

[PRICE SD.

as a couvenient machine tacbed to it, and is used selely
for rocking an iron sieve placed at one end of it. Uuder
the sieve is fixed in the cradle a board sloping down-
wards, with a couple of ledges across dividing it into
three nearly equal parts. The earth and stones are
thrown into the sieve, when the cradle ought to be
from the stones?'
vigorously reeked, water being all the time poured on
so as thorough' to separate the mud, clan, and earth
,
them away Without looking
cient to tell if there are any nugget; of gold among the
Fleets—though,When this is &nee, a glance is Butte-
f • k or that matter, the risk of throwing
so rarely is it the would not
that there are any.
The sieve is then filledca"
, be very great,
the stones thrown out, awe
accumulation of mud at the ledges
FrequentlythBe7"
process repeated until the
again, the cradle rocked,
ledges is considered suffi-
cient, which is then carefully
gold picked out.
taken out. In the case of dry diggings
only a few grains, but occasionalel ed away, and the
is none, sometimes
many ounces are
been supposing, the soil will of cen ree
seme distance to the cradle at the s‘ticgire
that we have
to be carried
extend their
hemmed in by other claims the diggers will
and if not
operations at the surface, to save labou
r'
find the yield as they go down more thancounrepleessnate
they
But river claims are considered the most valuable,
here it is not such a sine qua non to procure gold e'
andh
at
surface, because they look to the holes and crevices t-
e
the original rock had of the stream—pockets as. they call l
them—for the chief reward of all their toil in-reaching
it. So the prospecting party will most likely direct
their steps is the river, and examine well all its peculi-
arities. Perhaps- they will choose some promising bar,
where if with the prospecting dish they procure gold in
any tolerable quantity it settles the point at once, and
they will bring down the cradle, pitch their tent, &o.
But the soil may be gravel, and they can scarcely then
expect to produce gold, by washing, near the surface; for
the gravel being easily separated by the current will have
allowed the gold to oass through to the bed of the stream;
but if after removing the top --stones that almost in-
variably find their way to these bars they reach a tena-
cious clay, as it will never is all probability have been
thoroughly disintegrated by the current, they may cal-
culate on finding at once. A blue clay especially is con-
sidered very promising, though it gives of course a great
deal of trouble in the washing, being exceedingly diffi-
cult to get thoroughly away from the stones and pebbles
that it clings to so tenaciously. If they determine upon
working this bar they will dig a trench, and by the aid
of back troughs divert the stream. They will then dig
till they reach the original bed, after removing in their
way to it enormous slabs and stones—a labour which is
not unfrequently for nothing. Or the party may choose
some bank or spur over which at some ancient date the
river has Tweed. Here they will notice where the point
would have been, and probably will choose the spot
where they thick the eddy caused by it has existed.
Should they not procure gold at the surface they may
yet, according to circumstances, determine to work it.
and very often holes twenty feet deep and upwards may
be seen, out of which not a particle has ever been
procured. As before, they will 'dig till they reach
the original bed, and ahould they be so fortunate
as to obtain a good yield from its pockets, following
their direction, they will tunnel under the adjoining
banks. Sometimes it happens that while in one bolo
hundreds of pounds worth ore thus procured in one day,
the next claim will have yielded nothing. Many, in-
deed, work for weeks without meeting with any success.
During last winter, the wettest known for twenty years
at the mines, the working of the bed claims has been
most seriously impeded; in fact, it has been impossible
to work some of them at all for months together; but
this circumstance, so unfavourable to the New South
Wales diggers, has proved quite the reverse to those at
work on Mount Alexander, notorious as it is in ordinary
seasons for its want of water; even before I left Sydney
this complaint was again abroad, and I hear that sixty
men from Sydney had returned disappointed in conse-
quence. It would be extremely desirable to determine
how far mining, as at present carried on, partakes of the
nature of a lottery; but the data are so contradictory,
exaggerated, and inaccurate, that this is almost impos-
sible; still I believe the present impression to be unwar-
rantd by facts; it is very questionable whether the ac-
tual gross yield of the mines has as yet equalled the ex-
pense incurred in consequence of their discovery—isolated
facts, accounts of individual success create undue im-
pressions, people are apt to forgot the oblivion that
attends failure in reading the glowing accounts of one
suddenly enriched. Now there have been numerous
failures at all the diggings, even at Mount Alexander;
but there are no certain data by which we can arrive at
the average earnings. The licenses issued afford no
chte, as et one time only a portion of the diggers took
them out, and it can scarcely be doubted that in the nu-
merous out of the way willies, there is many a digger
rocking his cradle and saving his license fee. We cm
only surmise them from the accounts of the diggers
themselves : the average earnings of the first 400
at Ophir appear to have been about 10s. a day; but
their success was most unequal. Mr. Forbes gives
it as his opinion that where one got 204 or 301,
fifty earn 10s. a day, and forty-nine scarcely their ra-
tions. Later still a newspaper correspondent estimates
' the average earnings at 21. a week, atulsays no ono would
set it above 31.; few rated the average earnings at
the Taron above 11. per week. At Louisa Creek,
the correspondent of the Empire puts it at 10s. a dee
per man, when succcssfal ones were getting a quarter of
an ounce daily, and scores not earning rations; at Braid-
wood, at the best time, 15s. to 30s. At Mount Alex
ander some estimate it to have been at one time as high
as 31. a day per man; but the commissioners at tat
same time puts it at from 15s. to 30e. Comparing an
the accounts, it seems probable that at a time when the
mail and weekly escort were bringing down between
5,000 and 6,000 weekly, the number engaged in mining
operations approached at least 25,000; but failures were
very numerous, so many totally unfit for the work en-
gaged in it, to bay nothing of other causes. Indeed, ge-
nerally, I do not think the fit character of the only
proper persons fo emigrate can be too strongly insisted
en. Both in Australia and New Zealand I have met
many who should never have left their own country."
The CHAIRMAN said that he felt much indebted to
Mr. Shilling, in common with the meeting, but would
feel obliged if ho could throw any light on a fact
,which
had been communicated to him. A friend had sent out
800 sovereigns as a venture to purchase gold, and the
result of the transection, after paying all expenses, was
a profit of only 11. 15s. 9d.
Mr. SHILLING suggested that the gold might not
have beau properly assayed. '1 here was only ono person
in Sydney who knew how to assay gold.
A Gentleman present read extracts from a Sydney
paper just received, to show that there were numbers of
persons out of employment there, and cocking it at
small salaries, also !hat the average earning was about
an ounce and a quarter per week per man. From this
paper the gentleman inferred that wages had not risen at
Sydney.
. Mr. ...letrantled raid when he lea Sydney wages were
rising rapidly. Tiemen got 3/. per week, and bakers 2/.
Mr. S. SYDNEY said there was no doubt there was
ample employment in Australia for strong men, but per-
sons of the better class who thought of going out
would do well to recollect that the work was something
like laying gas-pipes in London. There were many
young men here who dressed well but had very little
mousy in their pocket. If they were not afraid when
nut of sight of their friends to become shepherds or
bullogcoko-d wages.drivers, they might get plenty of employment
and
Mr. J. SAUNDERS said he had resided thirteen years
in the colony, and believed that those advertisements for
situations we're from men of bad character, who would
not get employment anywhere.—(Hear, hear.) He be-
lieved that forty or fifty thousand hands could at this
moment be absorbed by the, labour of the colony with-
out inconvenience.

In answe► to an inquiry, two or three gentlemen
simultaneously said that sovereigns wero the best ven-
ture that emigrants could take with them, and Mr.
Shilling added that tho expense of living at the diggings
was about 15s. a week.

Mr. FOSTER proposed a vote of. thanks to Mr. Shilling.
Professor TENNENT, seconding the vote, dwelt upon
the necessity of some chemical and mineralogical know-
ledge, as preliminaries to the Australian voyage. Many
were now going who did not know one ore from another,
and the best advice he could give to intending emigrants
was to go down for two or three weeks to the mines of
Derbyshire or Cornwall, and there study the variouepro-
ceases connected with digging, washing, and smelting the
ores.—(Hear, hear.) Toe Learned Professor, in eon. elusion, observed, that without some previous study of
this kind, the emigrant from Saxony and Prance would
have great advantages over the English, as, generally
speaking, they were much better educated.—(Dear.)
The vote of thanks was then passed by acclamation,
and the proceedings terminated.

LATE FATAL RAILWAY ACCIDENT.
AYLESBURY, WEDNESDAY.—ThiS forenoon, at ten
o'clock, the Coroner for Backingharnshire, AIL Joseph
Parrott, and the jury empannelled on Saturday last, t°
investigate the death of George I
&len, the guard, killed
by the extraordinary accident which took place on the
line of the Aylesbury Railway on Friday, re.assemble_d
at the Aylesbury Arms Inn, at Cheddington, for the par"
of further prosecuting their inquiry.
Inspector
Captain Douglas Galton, the Government Insfev to
of Railways, who had been down ou the prevfous.wien,
examine the line and to institute his own inveisl'",L P.
was present during the inquiry, eu ryas 'Also n, chief
Bru'ores, general superintendent; Mr. lkie"°annseperin
of the locomotive department; Mr. neresfTilata of the tentletit of the railway police, anti other OD°'
any,
London and North-Western Railway 00111_,P—
Several witnesses having btion exarnicetoing delibr-
The court was cleared, and the kill'ed the following
rated for upwards of an hour, returD special verdict :
,_. , Allen came by
"We find that the deceased George accidental cir-
his death on Friday, the i irh
canisttinces, ill consequence of the train of
of tbjeueel3l7,l4'ffictt)he line of the
which he was the guard jumping
Aylesbury Railway.
,„„;nr to the clay sub - il BO , the
" The jury think that, 0-- t care,
' I:4MR
rails and sleepers require
COevidence thatattention thereand is sot
and that it appears from
tehbeove the 'clay; that the bear-
in places sufficient 13,3115't" juryconsidering that there
e
jugs are too far aart; the
-- - I
under each rail.
should be another Siege/.

NAVAL j 'ILL.LI GEN CE. •
The following officers attended his Grace the Duke of
Northumberland's levee yesterday :—Vice-Aalnairal
Thomas, Rtar-Admiral Sir John Ross, Rear-. Admiral
Sir Henry Baker. Rear-Admiral Sir Joshua Rowley,
Rear-Admiral Walpole, Admiral Sir Graham Harnond
Captain Sir Cornweis .Rieketts, Lieutenant T. A. Butler,
Lieutenant C. R. Bamber, Lieutenant C. Dike, Captain.
H. G Mitford, Clarkin Sir Frederick Nicholson, Com-
mander J. N. Gladstane, Commander Graham Hewitt,
Sir John Liddell, Lieutenant E. Robinson, Captain
James Dawmar, Lieutenant F. Maenamara' Captain
Chada (But:lent), Lieutenant Harry Smith, Captain
Berkeley Maxwell, Liauterant Alexander J. Smith,
Captain James Brasier, Commander C. W. Riley, Lieu-
tenant Horace BulLck, Captain J. L, Stokes; Lieutenant
Lindsay.
We are g1,,r1 to find, by our letters from Queenstown,
that the hospital at Haulbowline is undergoing a com-
plete repair; and we have no doubt ultimately that the
establishment will be worfhy of the first naval port in
Ireland. We most cordially congratulate the esteemed
Director-General of the Medical Department of the
Royal Navy on this move in the right direction; and we
are quite sure that the ;erica:a strictures which have
been lately passed on the hospital, in a professional con-
temporary, would have been perfectly unncessary had he
been made acquainted, as he ought to have been, with
the true state of matters,—Herald.

' The Vestal, 26, Captain C. B. Hamilton, fitting at
Sheerness, will proceed as soon as ready, to the West
Indies, to relieve the Alarm, Captain Ramsay, whose
period of service expires in August next. Captain Ha-
milton v:sited the Superb, SO, on Saturday last. This
ship is now paying off at Chatham, and the captain of
the Vestal succeeded in manning his ship from volun-
teers in the course of the day.
It is reported that Captain Robinson, in the Arrogant,
36, screw steam-frigate,
various screwwill proceed in a few days to
sea, taking with him the Dauntless, Captain Halsted; the
Agbilyer, Captain Matson; and the Encounter, Captain
Gordon, for the purpose of testing the merits of these
service on which vessels.
presume with the Arrogant, vi her present officers
stud men will be
We this will be the last
commission since employed, as
Y
PORTSMOIITII.
' --- ....- the have now been in
The Reeribution,l3
arr March, 1849.
Drummond, came into 41;
to-day, atter rulell- ahl2-1- lialated, returned to Spdboad
2mg_ coals,
steam-frigate.
~calatl"TF 16.—The Dauntless, 26,
.screw
B:e., to wait orders.
A number of outwr;rd-b
rat crchttnt.ship
the purpose of coalin.- paddle -steam-frigate, Captain
aroour to-day from Spithead for
sequence of the strong westerly taken shelter in St. .Heien,:ua -
afternoon bound
Green, of
mucelornwedhesrt
that
avt roadse vessels ea lvi
nse
.have
wvaaPilllen:rc2loplltaTllin,
IT,huoErnst:
Black-
London,
Chancel.
She
left
sydbey
on
7thi
traoon, bound up
cargo of wool worth 50,000/, and a rfchl and has a
valued at nearly 250,0001., which
is
greater in
of gold
than ever exported at any one time from Sydinlie amount
accounts confirm those per Vimiera. The il. lies
had 106 persons in all, crew and passengers. Landedaskwall
here, Messrs. Robert Campbell, Brierly, Roderick,Tra-
vers, vers, and Adolphus Young. the last of whom hatira-
nugget of pure gold, which from its resemblance is called
Punch's lif-ad. It weighs twelve ounces, and w" pro-
cured from the Ballarat diggings near Geelong.
W EDNESDAY.—The officers and crew of her Ifinjesty's
ship QueLn, 110, Captain Wise, will be paid down to.
day. and the men will have 14 days' leave.
was
('
ff.
l'
l y a:boreal t h—o
n Tg
tihnh:gidisYd

The topgallant masts of the screw steam-blockship
Sans Pareil were got up on Monday; and the same day
the steam-ship Vulture left at 11 A N., took a cruise
roand tht! Eddystone, and returned at 4 20 P.N.
Six joiners, three shipwrights, six sawyers, and four
labourers were entered in the Devonport-yard on
Tuesday.