The Sun.
London, England, 1864-11-18 00:00:00

ITALY.

TURIN, Nov. 17.
The discussion on the Franco-Italian Convention
was resumed in Parliament to-day.
Signor Mosca, in continuing the debate, said that
the Emperor had already declared that he did not
regard Rome as the mortmain of the Catholic world.
He interpreted the letter of M. Drouyn de Lhuys,
of the 31st May, in a sense favourable to the eman-
cipation of the Romans.
General Della Rovere, the ex-Minister, is dead.

OVERLAND MAILS.
CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS.
SUEZ, Nov. 17, A.M.
The Golconda anchored at 7 a.m. to-day:
THE BOMBAY MAIL.
MALTA, Nov. 15.
The Massilia left at 4 p.m. for Southampton, and
the Euxine leaves at 7 p.m. for Marseilles.

OUTWARD CALCUTTA AND uHINA MAILS,

The Delta, from Southampton on the 4th inst.,
reached Malta on the 13th at 8 a.m., and left at 5
p.m., for Alexandria.
The Ellora, from Marseilles on the 12th inst.,
arrived at 8 p.m. on the 14th, and left at 1 a.m. en
the 15th for Alexandria.

FRANCE.

PARIS, Nov. IS.

The Constitutionnel of to-day contradicts, as
without foundation, the news given by several
journals that M. Drouyn de Lhuys had addressed
a fresh despatch to M. de Sartiges, the French
Ambassador at Borne ; and also that he had sent
a circular note to the French diplomatic agents at
the Catholic Courts of Europe stating the t France
guarantaes the temporal power of the Pope.
The Emperor has received the reply of the King
of Prussia to the letters of recall of Baron de
Talk yrand-Perigord.
The Duke de Morny has arrived in Paris from
his estate at Nades.

BOURSE, Nov. 17.—The market has been firmer,
with a slight improvement in prices. Threes, for
64f. 95c., and Mobilier,
.aiet. The market closed

the Account, are now a
895 f, Railway Market q'
as follows
por Cents. 92 25
Do. end month
3 per Cents
Do. end month 64 85
Credit Mobilier 875 75
Do. end month B7B 75
Bank Shares 3450
Credit Foncier 1175
Roman
BLILWAYS.
Cash. Account.
837 50 .. 840
985 .. 980
881 25 .. 880
580 580
501 25 ..
476 25
312 50 .. 310
442 60 .. 443 75
508 75 .. 608 75
362 50 .. 262 50
418 75 .. 416 25
15.z0 .. 180

Orleans..c►..•,•••.••
Northern ....
Lyons and Mediterranean
Southern
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
Austrian
Loirb%rd ......
North of Spain ........
Saragossa
Ditto to Barcelona

Italian Loan 65 20
Do. end month 65 25
Ditto Threes ..
New Mexican .... 61
Russian
Austrian
Spanieh Threes 47k
Rome Debt _
Deferred

BANK OF PRANCE.

PARIS, November 17.
The following is the return of the Bank of France
for with the corresponding
figures
e wofteheek, o
p retghe
vioeutearccount
:.....
N0v.17.
Nov. 10.
Da. t c. f. C.
Profits in addition to Capital
Capital of the Bank 182,
(Art. 8 law June 9„1857) 6,709,185 03 6,586,119 62
Reserve ire the Bank and 600,000 182,500,000
its branches
—6,750 14 22,105,750 14
Reserve in landed property 4,000 OOO 4,000 003
Notes in circulation 733,661,325 --, 745,249,825
Bank notes to order and re-
ceipts payable at sight 7
,797
,740 49 5,898,108 44
Treasury tiCJ. cur, creditor 61.722,423 55 57,915,866 68
Current accounts—Paris 126,822,780 81 131,259,216 48
Do. branch-banks
Dividends payable
Discounts and sundry
interEsts 17,867 700 43 17,106,314 18
Re-discounts of the last )
six. months 2,588,735 17 2,588,735 17
Sundries .............. 10,991,048 7) 12,377,855 60

1,200,631,234 16 1,212,902,921 06

CR.'
Cash in hand and branch-
banks ...... . ...... . 284,275,966 33 276,575,577 06
Commercial bills overdue 1,410,356 62 872,467 43
Commercial bills discounted
Do. branch.
not yet due... .. . . 301,196,270 56 324,776,302 66
Advances on deposits of
bullion.... . 21,382,153 95 22,595,853 95
shares
Da. branch-banks,,,
Advanoes on French publi
:2941„712139:220590 2847,,549412:110800
_—
securities .
Do. branch-banks 9,382,510
Advances on reAway
and debentures.. .
Do. branch-banks 19,290,490 19,6.54,600
Advances on Craft Fon-
()ler 80nd5.... ..
Do. branch-banks
Advances to the State
(Conven. June 10, 1857) 60,000,000 60,000,000
Govt. Stock Reserve 12,980,750 14 12,980,750 11
Do. disposable
Rentes immobilisees (Law
June 9, 1857)
... . 100,000,000
Hotel and furniture of the
Bank ..
Landed property, branches
Expenses of management 2,042,635 93 2,021,123 75
4
Sundries

15,607,600 -
9,575,050 -

535,300 -
323,800 -

621,800 --
314,800 --

100,000,000 -

8,467,318 -

1,200,631,231 16 1,212,9121921 06
Certified, the Senator-Governor of the Bank of Vranee.
(Signed) RoUL:A111)..

MANSLAUGHTER OF A WOMAN EY HER SON;
Mr Richards yesterday held an inquiry at the London Hos-
pital respecting the alleged Wallah:tighter of Susannah
Holyolme, aged 64 years. The evidence showed that Edward
Holyolme was in the Duke of York publie.house, Tysser-
street, Bethnal-green, on the 22d of October, and quarrellei
with a man. Ills brother-in-law and sister interfered, and
ha struck both of them. Then his mother prayed him not
to strike them, and he threatened her, and afterwards he
followed her out, and struck her violently on the head,
knocked her down, and her leg was tints broken. She was
taken to the hospital, and there died on Monday from the
injuries received. The jury returned a verdict of " Man_
slaughter" against Edward Holyolme. Thu coroner then
issued hie warrant for the approhention of the accused?

The Western States of America.

A correspondent in a contemporary writes as
follows :—You know more about the American war
than I do, though I am near a field of battle; but,
while you hear about great things, I see small de.
tails. This is a great country, and there is room
in it for all the spare population of Europe—room
and food, work and plenty. I have seen but one
person asking charity, and she was a blind Irish-
woman. As we rush over these vast plains we see
wide oceans of yellow Indian corn, sugarcane, wild
grass, and wheat stubbles, with occasional islands of
green trees. Leave the railroad and take a stretch
into the country, and it is still the same. In a
thing like a tray upon four wlieels we drive where
we wilt, for this is a land of liberty; occasionally
we meet a train of waggons steering out into the
wide world, with a human freight and a lot of gear;
they are farmers who have sold their land, and
are seeking new pastures to plough. When they
get to their new station they knock up a house with
a few pounds, plough up the prairie, and; without
more ado, sow and reap and prosper. I have mea•
cured stalks of natural grass over eight feet high.
I have walked through acres of it higher than my
head. The Indian corn is like a small forest, each
stalk hung with two or three yellow ears, each
yielding 700 to 900 fold. Cattle and horses are fat
and lazy as the pig, and there is a market for every-
thing close at hand. If there were a hill to look
at this would be an earthly paradise, as it seems.
The people I have fallen in with are chiefly
from old countries—Swiss, Germans, Norwe•
gians, English, Scotch, and Irish. Those who
have strong arms use them and get on ; those who
have brains and arms prosper. This is one
side of this fair picture, but no landscape is com-
plete without a shadow, and the shadow here is the
draft. One man has two sons in the war, another
has lost some near relation, a third has come home
broken down a ith hardship, another has lost a leg
and goes limping about on crutches, without pay or
pension, "cussing." At any moment a man who
has spent his strength to make a home is liable to
be drawn and sent to fight whether he will or not,
and dismay reigns in this " bread-basket of the
world." Seme days ago I was quietly reading a stupid
novel in one of the long cars on one of the railroads
which make an iron network in, North America.
We stopped at a country station, and I was over-
whelmed by an avalanche of gray-coated men. They
stumbled in and filled the car to overfiewing. One
sat on my knee, another sat beside me, a third
made a pile of packs and sat on my feet, and a
cluster stood round us. All were sturdy, brown-
faced, hard-handed men, but they did not seem to
fit into their gray clothes, and it soon appeared
that they had been " drawn." The only happy
face among the whole lot belonged to a lad who
was half seas over; he was a substitute; he had
got 1,000 dols. from a richer man who could pay
for his hide, and he was performing -"Dixie" on
a Jew's harp. " What have ;eau done with your
money," said I; "Drunk it ?" The Scotch Yankee
youth winked his eye. "I've put it where I can
find it again if I come back, and if I don't, them
that's at home knows where to get it, I guess," and
then he resumed " Dixie," and worked away till he
wore a raw on his:lip with his forefinger. My neigh•
bour on the right was as grim as a signpost, and he,
too, was a hornyeleanded Scotch farmer. We got
our mouths opened with a pipe, and it soon ap-
peared that he and the rest were " bad"—that is to
say, exceedingly disgusted at having to go to the
war. His brother had his head knocked off by a
cannon ball, and he had been drawn, and he had not
got a thousand dollars to pay for a substitute. As
we smoked his heart seemed to warm up to his home.
There was the town, there the Court-house, there the
local institutions for educating the children of citi-
zens free gratis and for nothing, as well as they could
be taught at Edinburgh or Glasgow. That was fine
land off which a man could get a " turf crop" the
first year, and then sorrow came over the honest
brown face, and he seemed to remember that he was
a prisoner going to be drilled and shot at. It was
evident why sentries with fixed bayonets stood at
the doors. By the aid of an apple and a cigar the
, nearest sentry was set agoing, and he explained
that this lot was "ugly," but that there was no
danger of anything unpleasant as he thought, and
then he puffed placidly and spat vigorously upon
my poor novel which had fallen on the floor. At
the next station we stopped, and the conductor
roared "all out for dinner." " Yes," grumbled
my neighbour, "for them as can get out." " Let
none of our men out of the cars," shouted
a captain. I got out, and dined well and
cheaply, bought a lot of baccy for my neighbours,
and returned. I met my friend getting out, fol-
lowed by a soldier with his loaded piece. " All
right," he said, " I have spoken to the captain,"
and off they went towards the refreshment room.
Ding-dong went the engine bell, and the train began
to move. The captain beckoned, but the train went
faster. He beckoned harder than ever, and the
recruit came hurrying slowly over the bounds. The
train went on, and by the time the soldier of the
Republic got to the step it was going so fast that to
leap in was a serious risk not to be incurred, of
course ; so the Scotchman looked and made signs,
and gradually faded away in the distance. One of
the institutions of this country is a rope, which
passes from car to car, and to the enginn; the cap-
tain seized it and pulled, but by some accident the
cord was loose, and it came away till there was
" quite a coil of it." Then the captain looked round
the corner and " cussed," and the sentry, turning
to me said, with unction, " Well, now, that's
awful ; them's thousand dollar men."
Now, whether the Scotchman and his sentry
" skedaddled" or came on by the next train, I do
not know, but not a man moved a step afterwards
without a sentry at his heels, with his hand on the
lock of his gun. A second human avalanche of
Germans camp down upon us at another station,
and so, packed like cattle on a freight train, we all
arrived at last. Now, sir, this a great country, and
she is shedding blood freely to wipe out the blot
of slavery from her institutions ; perhaps you do
not know whose blood it is, how some of it is got,
and the price of " a thousand dollar man " in the
Western States. This is a great country, but I
don't seem to want to live in it. No, Sir.
One phase of this American war strikes a wan-
derer very forcibly; it is the change in the bearing
of those who are engaged in it. " it is not good for
man to live alone." Young swells in the old country
are sent to school to take the conceit out of them,
and they soon find their level in the crowd ; but in
this vast country men live much alone, and solitude
works ill in their human nature. Those who have
trod the bypaths of Europe know the manners of
the people : the ways of a German beerheuie, of an
Irish whisky shop, of an English country tap ; and
here in the west, a country devoid of graveyards,
la German boor from some wide plain, a Norseman
from his solitary glen, a Swiss, an Italian organ-
, grinder, a Connemara man, a Scotch peasant, or an
English labourer takes up his abode in a forest, or
on a prairie, becomes a farmer, and lives alone.
_With all his native roughness he settles down
where his nearest neighbour is miles away,
and he learns that he is a sovereign per-
sonage, one of the sovereign people, owner and
monarch of all he surveys. So he rusts and rustle
canes for some years, or for half his life, and so his
children grow up, good stuff, but rusty blades. Once
in a while this country class travels. A eon who
has swarmed from the parent hive sets out to visit
Ilia parents, or a parent to visit a prosperous child.
From Rome to Vienna, from Milan to Paris, from
Hamburg to Madrid, or from the Land's Eud to
John o' Groat's house are distances scarcely equal to
many of these visits. With travellers of this class a
vagrant in the Western States must associate, and
so he learns their ways. They are rough country
kings, right good stuff, independent, well fed, well
clad, prosperous, and good linmoured ; they come
of the class who in Nor way say " then" to the king,
but thcy ere very rough clionionll here. Io the old
country they were used to kick up their heels,emoke,
chew, and spit freely ; they have done the same
more freely in their new country home, and when
they are jammed together 100 in one car they con •
tinue their home practice and spit pools. Recruits
are not the most polished members of any society,
and a crowd of recruits sifted from such a class is a
rough lot. In the State of Maine I fell in with a

recruit. He was a lad of 20 or thereabouts, and
he was rather " He spoke of " 0:d
Jeff Davis" and " and what he would
say and do to them. Ho had once driven one
or other in a stage, and he would tell the " darned
old skunk" how to rule the nation and conduct
the war. Every fresh burst ended with the same
chorus, " I am a rock—in the ground." He was
a very rcugh geological specimen, but he was on his
way to the mill. Some weeks later a vagrant friend
happened to meet the same youth, and found him
sad and sober ; all the crow was taken out of the
game chicken ; he had found his level in the
ranks, and his stiff neck had learnt to
bow to authority; a drum mPjor, snore des.
potic than Jeff. Davis, had dethroned the SOYO-
reigu, and he was tamed. Later I was crammed
into cars with selliers returning from the crew,
and their bearing was different ; the " rock
in the ground" becomes a granite boulder by dint of
hard knocks, and the soldier gets hacked and
chipped into form. In a crowd of recruits men
struggle for life and for elbow room ; the weakest
go to the wall, and the strongest only holds his
place by sitting sturdily in it ; but in a crowd of
soldiers it is not so. Ono upright bronzed man,
with stripes on his well worn-jacket, rose unasked
to let two friends sit together ; another rebuked a
waiter for keeping an old man waiting. In endless
nameless ways camp manners outshine the country
manners of rank and file, for the civilian is civi-
lised by discipline.
The way by which the change is wrought is plain
as the change itself. An army of autocrats could do
little in the field, so Liberty has to whip her naughty
boys. She dees not flog them, but she finds ways
to tame her rebellious cubs. The schoolmaster in
" Midshipman Easy" had found out that one caning
was worth two floggings, and the most stubborn
Yankee scholar has to yield when hung up by his
thumbs for a good spell. This charge of demeanour
appears in all grades. Many green cfficers are
noisy roystering blades, full of very strange oaths,
and bearded to their full power. Some " Cap.
tains'' and " Colonels" are like escaped counter-
jumpers; but the old hands ate generally quiet,
silent, courteous men, with the open steady eye and
fixed gaze which men carry face to face with death.
The majority are old hands though young in years ;
they dress the part ill, but they act it well, never-
theless ; their clothes may be threadbare, worn, and
dirty, but they haye the bearing of gentlemen who
are good soldiers. Surely this adversity has done
some goad. The traditional, cute, nasal boasting,
drawling, impudent, long-haired, offensive being.
portrayed by Mrs Trollope and Dickens appeared
last night on the boards of a Yankee theatre; but
the real man, if he exists anywhere, has not yet
crossed the devious path of your obedient servant,
A VAGRANT.
St. Louis, Missouri, October.

The Alleged Federal Recruiting in Liverpool
and London.

Considerable interest continues to be excited in Liverpool
by the stoppage of the ship Gret t Western, bound for New
York, on suspicion that she was engaged in carrying out a
number of young men from Ashton and London who had
been engaged as Federal recruits, though ostensibly as glass
workers. On Wednesday afternoon the Collector of Cus-
toms sent two officers on board the Great Western and pro
hibited her sailing, and at Capt. Cunningham's request do
tectives went on board, who personally asked about 200 of
the suspected recruits whether they would elect to leave the
vessel or to go in her to New York. Of these four men from
Ashton only agreed to leave the vessel. Capt. Cunningham
asked the police authorities yesterday to take about 150 mon
out of his ship and to allow him to go to sea, but he was
informed that the police had no power to do so. At night 50
of the men were sheltered at the workhouse, and yesterday
food was given to them at the expense of Mr Hull, solicitor,
who was engaged during the day in taking the depositions
of a number of the men, preparatory to bringing the matter
under the notice of the magistrates. We were informed yes-
terday afternoon that the municipal authorities had again
taken up the case, and intend bringing it before the borough
magistrates to-day (Friday). They were doubt'ess induced
to take this step from the fact that two young men from
London, who left the Great Western on Wednesday night,
state that they were positively offered commissions in the
Federal army. A number of the emigrants from Ashton
were sent back last night at 6 o'clock.

At the Ashton-under-Lyne borough magistrates' meet-
ing on Wednesday, Mr G. Dalgleish, chief constable, said
he wished to call the attention of the bench to a system
which was alleged to have been carried on in Ashton. under-
Lyne and the district of engaging young men to go to work
in glassworks in New York, Eighty young men had left
Ashton on the previous night, and from what he had heard
he suspected that they were taken away for the purpose of'
being draughts 1 into the Northern army, Mr Dalgleish then
referred to an article and a letter, signed " George Under-
wood," which appeared in the Liverpootiliercuryof Wednes-
day morning, and said he had had a conversation with one
of the agents, who had told him that the firm in New York
had engaged 300 young men in London, but that the crimps
had got hold of them at New York and had draughted them
into the army. The magistrates' clerk said he supposed
these young men had not been accustomed to work in glass-
works. Mr Dalgleish said they had not, and he understood
a majority of them had not a penny in their pockets. lie
had been told they had been offered 15 dole a month. lie
further said he understood there had been an agent in the
district engaging young men, who gave the name of Roupell
or Russell, Maiden-lane, New York. He had, however, it
was alleged, left the district ; and Mr Hugh Shaw, Staley-
bridge-road, was said to be acting for him, and his (Shaw's)
brother to have accompanied the young men to Liverpool
on Tuesday. He had been told that the agent had been told
to look at the teeth of the young men engaged. The ma-
gistrates' clerk further advised Mr Dalgleish to see the
mayor as to the desirableness of summoning a meeting of
magistrates relative to this subject, and Mr Dalgleish said
ho would do so. The matter then dropped.

GENERAL Tom Diums.—After an interval of some
eight years, a visit has been again paid to our shores
by Mr C, S. Stratton, better known to the world as General
Tom Thumb, a title of which ho seems to be as proud now
as when he first appeared among us in 1844. The distin-
guished general does not now come alone, for, following
the example so generally set around him, he has taken unto
himself a wife, and has been fortunate enough to find a
helpmate evidently intended to be his by nature, This
little lady who has linked her destiny with that of her re-
nowned husband is rather the taller of the two, and possesses
a pleasing expression of countent,nce, in addition to a figure
which may be considered faultless, especially by those who
look on a tendency to full development as no disadvantage.
Providence has blessed their union, for with the parents
comes a little girl about 12 months old. This interesting
baby, who partakes of the proportions of her parents, is of a
very lively disposition, though at present rather shy and
disinclined to see too many visitors at once. Another mem-
ber of the family has yet to be mentioned—the sister of
Mrs Stratton, Miss Minnie Warren, aged 18, to whom
Dame Nature has even been more sparing in form than to
her sister or brother in law. The present visit to Europe
is entirely one of pleasure, and would appear to have arisen
from a desire on the part of th-‘ general to renew acquaint-
ance with many of his old friends in Engand, and also from
a laudable wish to gratify his wife's desire to seel" the old
country" and some portions of the Continent. This wish
on the part of Mrs Stratton probably arises in groat part
from the fact that she is of English descent, her grandfather
having been a native of England who emigrated to the
States. The general, his wife and child, and Miss Warren
will remain in London but a few days ; but before their
departure for Paris visits will be received at Cataldi's
Hotel, Dover-street. from all to whom invitations have
been sent. After landing at Liverpool last week the hotel
at which Mr and Mrs Stratton were staying was literally
besieged by persons anxious to sea them; but, in order to
prevent any such inconvenience in London, only those who
have received invitations will be admitted to an int,rview.
As the question of age will doubtless arise in visitors'
minds, it may be mentioned that Mrs Stratton has seen 22
summers, and that her liege lord is her senior by seven
years.

MADAME TUSSAUD'S.—Amongst the many beau.
tifully exccuted models, life ti;zl, which have remtly been
added to the celebrated Historical Gallery, in Baker-street,
we would call special attention to those of Richer] 11. and
his Queen, Isabella; Henry IV. and his Queen, Joan of
Navarre; Henry VI. and his Queen, Margaret of Anjou;
Edward, the Black Prince, encased in a costly suit of
armour; the youthful Edward V , who with his infant
brother, tho Duke of York, was barbarously murdered in
the 'lower of London by order of his uncle, Richard 111. ;
Archbishop Wickham, &c, Sce., all being attired in the
magnificent costumes of the respective periods.

THE BELFAST 11IOT8.—BELFAST, Wed nesd ay.
The commissioners resumed at eleven o'clock this
morning. The first witness examined was the Right Rev.
1)r. Dornan, who stated with reference to the police force,
the Catholics generally have not coviLlenceln them, and he
would prefer a force like the metropolitan. With respect
to the magistracy, he advocated the appointment of R num-
ber of Roman Catholics or liberal Protestant,- Ho gavo
instances of assault and wrecking during the riots, and
considered that if more vigilant measures had been used in
the beginning the riots would have been nipped in the bud.
Mr Sullivan was examined, and detailed the murderous
attack made on him by the Protestant party when the
Bankmoor Penitentiary was being wrecked. A. witness at
great length detailed the attack of the ship carpenters on
the navvief. The last witness examined was Mr Bernard
ilughee, *ho had not finished at the rising of the court.

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