The Sun.
London, England, 1864-04-21 00:00:00

French Academy of Sciences.

A theo e lest i
enormous
sitting
ztsi
inge ll. Valenciennes
tootht f nfoundlilnentheeononleis prticformation
of the neighbourhood of Pcitiers. It belonged to
the genus crocodile- and its dimensions show what
a gigantic saurian the owner must have been. It
is conical, regularly roupded off, and slightly
curved ; the length of the outer side is
14 centimetres, that of the inner one 9, indepen-
dently of the root. It is 30vered with a black and
striped enamel. The ltrgest crocodile's tooth of
the living
specie' Ireserved in the Cabinet of
Comparative Anatomy of the Garden of Plants is
not one-fourth of the size of this fossil one ; so that
if the same proportion was maintained in the rest of
the body, the fossil crocodile of Poitiers must have
been four times larger than the existing species of
the Nile, or about 100 ft. long. The Museum of
Poitiers contains fossil remains of other gigantic
saurians found in the same oolitic bed.—M. Ed.
Fournier produced an artificial larynx composed of
an India rubber pipe and several keys and pedals,
by means of which the action of the natural muscles
is imitated, and sounds similar to those of the hu-
man voice are produced. This apparatus is con-
structed according to the inventor's theory of
the production of sound, founded on a long
patient investigation of the construction and
action of the larylar.—M. Poey sent in a paper on
the azimuth rotation of clouds, in which he endea-
voured to show that the law of the rotation of winds
explained in 1827 by M. Dove is not only perfectly
applicable to clouds, but that it even is the rotation
of the latter which determines that of the lower
winds, and modifies all meteorological phenomena.
M. Dove states that when, in the northern hemi-
sphere, currents of air from the equator blow alter-
nately with polar currents, the wind veers round all
the points of the compass in a S.W.N.E.S. direc•
ton, and that the inverse direction takes place in
the southern hemisphere. Ml. Poey, by tables com-
prising 280,320 observations taken by him from
Jan. 1, 1862, to Jan. 1 1864, shows that the same
is the case with the clouds, which he classifies into
fracto-cumuli nearest the earth's surface; and
cirrocumuli and cirri, according to their
altitude, the last being the irghest.

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MALTA, April 16.—There is little to notice in the way of
the movements of her Majesty's ships during the past week.
No arrivals have taken placefrom Corfu since that of the Ma-
gicienne, 16, Capt. IV, Armytage, on the Bth, with a powder
brig in tow, The Magicienne is now refitting and making
good the damage caused to her by the tender Growler
running into her while at Corfu during a gale of wind.
The only departure is that of the Surprise, 4, Commander
W. H. Whyte, for the Pirwus, on the 9th inst. Telegraphic
intelligence has been received from Corfu to the 14th
inst., at which date her Majesty's ship Orlando, 46,
Capt. G. Randolph, was still there. The Fox, 2, screw
storesbip, Staff Commander T. C. Pullen, was collecting
stores in the lonian Islands for England. The Dromedary,
2, iron screw troopship, Master Commander A. Brown,was
to leave Corfu to-day (16th inst.) with stores for Malta and
England. The Trident, 3, Commander C. J. Balfour, was
at Patras on the 30th March; and the Cossack, 20, Capt.
IV. R. Rolland, is still on the lonian station. The Fox-
hound, 4, Commander W. H, Anderson, is daily expected
at Malta from Corfu and Benghazi. The Caradoc, 2, paddle
wheel despatch vessel, Lieut.-Commander E. Wilkinson
(now in port), is under orders to leave shortly with the
Bishop of Gibraltar, Dr. Trower, for Messina, the Piraeus,
and Smyrna, at which last mentioned place his lordship in-
tends holding a confirmation, after which she will resume
her station at Constantinople, in attendance on her Majesty's
ambassador, Sir Henry Bulwer. No changes have occurred
in the distribution of the other ships of the Mediterranean
fleet, The Revenge, 73 (bearing the flag of Rear Admiral
H. R. Yelverton, C. 8.), Capt. the Hon. F. A. Foley; the
Gibraltar, 81, Capt. J. C. Prevost; the Resistance, iron-
clad, 16, Capt. W. C. Chamberlain, and the Wanderer, 4,
Commander M. C. Seymour, are at the Piraxis, The Re-
sistance has been ordered to Malta, and was to call at Corfu
on her way. The Wesor 6, Commander A. H. J. Johnstone,
and the Cockatrice, 2, Lieut. Commander R. M. Gillson,
are still on the Danube station. The Ph. be, 35, Capt. T.
D. A. Fortescue, and the Chanticleer, 17, Commander J. E.
F. Risk, were at Iskanderoum, on the coast of Syria, on
the 2Sth March. The Meeanee, 60, and the Liffey, 35,
Capt. George Parker, are refitting in Malta harbour. There
are also here ready for sea the Marlborough, 121 (bearing
the flag of Vice Admiral R. Smart, K.H.), Capt. C. Fel-
lowes ; the Royal Oak, ironclad, 35, Capt. F. A. Camp-
bell ; the Pelican, 17, Commander 11. W. Comber ; the
Icarus, 11, Acting-Commander Boger; and the Psyche,
2, paddlewheel despatch vesesel, Lient.-Commander R.
Sterne, an Austrian ironclad, screw•frigate, the Don Juan,
of Austria, 31 guns, and 6JO horse power, commanded by
Capt. Pokorny, arrived here on the llth inst., accompanied
by a screw corvette of 22 guns, the Frederic, Capt. Welp-
plinger, from Pola and Lissa. After replenishing fuel, pro-
visions, and water they both sailed for the westward on the
13th inst., it is understood, to join Admiral Wflerstorff's
squadron in the Tagus, and probably thence to proceed
northwards. The ironclad is sharp at bow and stern, and
is armed with a projecting stem, to be used as a battering-
ram when necessary. She carries her gnus only four feet
above the water-line, and naval men consider her very in-
ferior to any of the ironclads constructed for the British
navy. Accounts from Gibraltar to the Bth inst. say that
her Majesty's screw corvette Racoon was to leave that place
on the 2d of May for Marseilles to embark Prince Alfred,
and then to proceed on a cruise to the coast of Italy and the
Black Sea. Her Majesty's iron screw troopship Tamar, 2,
Capt. F. H. Stirling, was daily expected there on her way
to Corfu, to embark troops, but nobody seemed to know
what had become of her. She had been due for a fortnight
from the coast of Africa. The Italian ironclad ship Re
Galantuomo, which was supposed at one time to have foun-
dered with all on bard, left Gibraltar on the 28th ult. fur
Naples.

By direction of the Lords of the Admiralty a report has
been made by the dockyard officials of the condition of the
Dragon, Hermes, Renard, and Alacrity steamers, attached
to the third division of the Chatham Steam Reserve, which
it is proposed shall be broken up, owing to their unfitness for
further service. The Dragon and the Hermes are both
paddlewheel steamers and pierced for six guns each, the
Dragon being of 1,270 tons and SGD horse power. The
Hermes is of S3O tons, and is fitted with engines of 220
horse power. The Alacrity and the Renard are both screw
gunvessels mounting four guns, and of 200 horse power
each.

The following appointments and promotions have been
male at the Admiralty ;—Francis W, 0. Grant, midship-
man, to the Aurora—Herbert Woolley, in the Alert, Thos.
W. Trail!, in the Jackal, and Robert Brown, in the Hector,
promoted to be chief engineers—Edward T. Read, engineer,
to the Jackal—Philip Gouchy, engineer, to the Hector—
Richard E, Denison, engineer, to the Gladiator—William
Roberts, engineer, to the Indus—John A. Kitt, assist.
engineer, to the Gladiator—John Runnel!, assist. engineer,
to the Indus—James Oldtield, engineer, to the Indus—
D. A, Campbell, John Leicester, George Metcalf, and Geo.
R. Biss alter, first class assist. engineers, to the Marlborough,
for disposal—Christepher Lund, first class assist, engineer,
to the Pembroke—Robert Dixon, first class assist. engineer,
to the Blenheim—Edward L. Carte, Edward J. Whatmore,
Robert W. Allison, Henry G. -Haywood, and George Pur-
kis, second class assist, engineers, to the Marlborough, for
disposal—Thomas Wilmott, second class assist. engineer,
to the Pembroke—James Stocks, second class assist, engi-
neer, to the Blenheim—Bryant G. Little, acting second
class assist. engineer, to the Majestic, for the tenders—John
T. Maggs, acting second class assist. engineer, to the
Marlborough, for disposal— George J. H. Hogg and Wal-
ter S. Chambre, master's assistants, to the Victory, as
supernumeraries—and Francis J. Palmer, master's assistant,
to the Prince Consort,
Lord Colville has been appointed honorary Lieutenant
in the Royal Naval Reserve.

THE ARMY.
The Field-Marshal Commanding-in-Chief will hold a
levee at I o'clock to-morrow.
The following General Regimental Order has been
issued

" Horse Guards, S.W., April 11

" In announcing to the corps the lamented death of Col,
Charles Bingham, Deputy-Adjt.-Gen., Royal Artillery,
the Field .Marshal Commanding-in-Chief considers it due
to the memory of an officer who so ably, uprightly, and zeal-
ously fulfilled the duties of a position of special trust and
responsibility, to record the sense his Royal Highness en-
tertains of the important and valuable services rendered
by Colonel Bingham to that position. This can be but
imperfectly conveyed in the limits of a general order, and
those to whom Col, Bingham was known will understand
how inadequate also must be the expression of his Royal
Highness's regret at the loss of an officer of such tried
ability, kindly disposition, and sterling worth of character,
and for whom the Field Marshal Commanding-in Chief, in
common with the entire corps, entertained the greatest re-
spect and esteem.
"By command of Field Marshal his Royal Highness the
Duke of Cambridge, K,G., Colonel of the Royal Artillery.

"L. GARDINER, Assist.-Adj t.- Gen."
A circular, signed by General H, D. Ross and dated
Horse Guards, April 1864, states that,—
" The desiro of paying a tribute of respect to the late
Col. Charles Bingham, Deputyadjutant-General, Royal
Artillery, having been generally expressed, a committee
composed of the following officers has been formed, under
the special sanction of his Royal Highness the Colonel of
the regiment, in order to afford to their brother officers an
opportunity of giving united effect to what is believed to be
the spontaneous wish of the corps :—President, General Sir
Hew D. Ross, G.C.B. Members—Major•General Sir R.
J. Dares, K.C.8., Major-General J. Bloomfield, Colonel
G. Gambier, C. 8., Colonel H. L. Gardiner. Captain
Forbes, secretary,
"The committee, having met on the 11th of April, 1864,
resolved to submit for the consideration of their brother
officers that the high opinion of Colonel Bingham expressed
by the Field Marshal Commanding-in-Chief, iu the General
Regimental Order of this date, should bo responded to by
the regiment.
"To the superior abilities and untiring diligence ad-
verted to in that order Colonel Bingham united a kindness
of heart and integrity of character, also recognised by his
Royal Highness, that gained him the constant goodwill of
his brother officers, and in putting forward a proposal for a
regimental memorial the committee believe that they are
but meeting the desire of each individual officer to pay a
suitable mark of personal respect to late Deputy-Adjutant-
General of the corps.

" Leaving for future consideration the mode in which
this feeling shall find expression, the committee propose to

invite commanding-officers to take such measures ;is they
may think best for collecting subscriptions, not exceeding
one day's pay, from each officer to apply to such memorial,
or in such a manner as the committee, with his Royal
Highness's sanction, shall hereafter determine to be most
consonant with the wishes of Colonel Bingham's family
and friends, and with the universal esteem entertained for
him by the corps.
"An account will be opened with Messrs. Cox and Co.,
who will receive any additional subscriptions beyond the
day's pay that officers may wish to contribute."
The hired transport Velocipade, 83 days out, has arrived
at Woolwich, with time-expired men and their families,
from the Falkland Islands. There were two deaths, namely,
one woman and one child, and two births on board during
the voyage home. The men have been relieved by a de-
tachment of the Woolwich division of the Royal Marine
Light Infantry.

Persons in debt may obtain instant protection against
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Charges under £5 payable by easy instalments. Offices—
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