The Sun.
London, England, 1864-10-11 00:00:00

s

LONDON, TUESDAY, OCT. 11, 1864.

The arrival of the Bombay mail brings Es varied
intelligence, although none of it is happily of a very
important character. The general tenour of the
news is pacific, though there are not wanting in-
dications of the increasing dissension between the
Indian Governors and the central authority at
Downing-street. Sir CHARLES WOOD, indeed,
seems to be outdoing himself in his Indian per.
formances, and the report which we mentioned as
a vague rumour merely, that on the retirement of
Sir C. TREVELYAN no other Finer C 9 Minister will
be appointed, now comes to us in the Bombay sum.
Diary with the authority of a statement. " It is
stated,' that Sir C. TREVELYAN will leave India
in April next, and that thenceforward the manager
of the finances will be merely a secretary. The real
head of the Indian exchequer will, we presume, be
that accomplished financier who once ruled in this
metropolis, and who gave anything but satisfaction
to the English public. If Sir CHARLES Wood is
going to carry his marrow and oppressive theories
into the Finance Department, just as the Indian
exchequer is flourishing, we m 'y look for a very
uedesirable change in the administration of the
public money, Very certainly ho will not imitate
or continue Sir CHARLES TREVELYAN'S liberality
towards public works, for, although our Indian
S.cretary prides himself upon the encouragement
I,e has given to railroads, he has shown anything
but a favourable countenance to the water works,
which in India are of even greater consequence. It
is an extraordinary t step v take to withdraw the
Finance Minister altogether, and we expect that
Parliament will have something to say to it. Sir
C. WOOD'S proceedings are not looked upon with
much favour in India, and the Governor of Madras,
Sir W. DENISON, has actually refused to carry out
his instructions relative to the position of the Indian
local affairs, on the grounds that they are opposed
to the Royal wishes, and are in open contravention

of the guarantee granted by Parliament to the
officers of the late Company's army. This is a
bold reproof, and no doubt expresses the senti-
ments of a large proportion of Anglo-Indian
officers. Meanwhile affairs in India itself are being
carried on with the promptitude and vigour which
we should expect to distinguish any administration
of which Sir JOHN LAWRENCE is the head. The
Governor of Bombay has assembled a Public Works
Conference in Poona with the object of determining
the operations of that department, so that Govern-
ment may arrive at the best conclusions with a view
to improving the communications of the country.
A commission has been appointed to examine into
the working of the telegraph throughout all India.
It seems that great delays and irregularities have
occurred, so that their causes and origin are to be
investigated, and the efficiency of all the employes
inquired. This is a very necessary step, since the
safety of a province might depend on the prompt
and accurate working of the telegraph, and it has
been relied on by competent authorities for virtually
adding a large number of men to our reg&ar army,
since by its means, in conjunction with the rail-
ways now opening throughout the country, troops
can be quickly and readily summoned to the scene
of action from distant quarters. With regard to
the pending dispute with the Bhootanese, there is
a prospect of their being brought to terms, for an
old pretender to the Throne in Thibet has chosen
this opportune moment to threaten Thibet Proper,
having raised a large force in Chiaoh. Conse-
quently, the Bhootanese will lose the assistance of
the Lama, upon which they had been rely.
I
ug. A large supply of ordnance has been
shipped from Calcutta to Assam, and other
preparations are progressing, so that we may
hope the affair will be brought to a speedy set-
tlement. Russia is still pushing on her designs
upon India, and we have just now very evident
proof of them, for an embassy has just bcen de-
spatched from Kokand, an independent state in
Central Asia, to ask the advice and assistance of
the British in reference to the Russian attempt to
make a highroad for troops through that king
dom. The inhabitants of Kokand are apparently
sharp enough to see what this forbodes. What
the Viceroy will advise !emains to be seen. He
is now en route for his Durbar at Lahore, at
which he is to receive all the chiefs of the
Punjab. For the first time since the rru-
tiny of 1857, which added so terrible a
celebrity to its name, Delhi will be one of the
stations selected. We regret to find that the
Viceroy's expedition has been chequered by
domestic effiiction through the accidental death of
Sir ALEXANDER LAWRENCE, son of the late Sir
HENRY. All must sympathise in the Viceroy's
'sorrow for the sudden and premature death of his
1 young relative. His return is looked for with in-
terest, since it will bring with it the opening of the
Legislative Session at Calcutta, which is expected
this year to be of considerable importance. The
members have certainly need to be on the alert to
counteract, as far as it lies in their power, the per-
sistent efforts of the Home Government to centralise
the administrative power.

Sir GEORGE GREY'S remarks are always worth
attending to; the right hon. gentleman has a con-
siderable amount of practical knowledge which he
turns to very good account in his speeches. Last
Friday he addressed a public meeting in aid of the
Morpeth Young's Mutual Improvement Aaisociatien.
Sir G. GREY occupied the chair, and very ade-
quately fulfilled the task that was assigned to him.
It is true that it was by no means a discouraging
praspect that presented itself to his view in contem-
plating the affairs relating to the society then die. ,
cussed. During the two years that it has been in
existence it has made great progress in many way.,
and it has become possessed of several valuab:e
works, besides hating enjoyed the privilege of
many lectures on divers subjects. It is a great thing
for any town to have such an institution within its
walls, for it must tend in a great meek ure to pro-
mote the welfare and improvement of its citizens.
There are advantages to be derived from these
societies that are above and beyond the mere in-
tellectual acquirements that they induce and foster.
The habit of devoting idle hours to refined and
elevated employments works twofold in a beneficial
sense, it improves the whole character of the indi-
vidual, and also it prevents many undesirable and
deleterious pursuits being carried on. Sir G. GREY
pointed out to the young men that such a society,
if they availed themselves fully of its opportunities,
would benefit them in various ways. Besides reli.
gieas and moral instruction, they would have faci-
lities presented to them of preparing themselves for
those competitive examinations which were now the
doors to all employment in the civil service of the
country. There is no doubt that the temptations to
which idleness so invariably exposes have been the
means of involving many young men in difficulties,
and inducing them to lose their acquirements for
want of practice ; thus when their time of trial has
come they have failed either partially or entirely,
and thus ruined their prospects at the outset
of their career. The chairman very effec-
tively impressed upon his hearers the necessity
that existed for training the mind after the routine
duties of school were over, and quoted in connection
with this subject of education as distinct from in-
struction some striking expressions of the Arch-
i bishop of YoRK. " Education is the training of
the whole mind for the world around it, for the
duties it has to discharge here, and the services it
has to perform to its GOD and Saviour, the mental,
Imoral, and religious training of souls marked by
God for His own," This is as good an explanation
and as true a warning as could be given on this
difficult and much debated subject. How few
really take it in this sense, what with " cramming"
I.for examinations, and reading up exactly what
1 is supposed to be wanted, very little care or thought
is bestowed in many cases on what ought to be
the chief aim and object of all such undertakings
—the improvement of the mind and the formation
of the character on the highest and holiest princi-
ples. How true was the remark of Sir G. Gnu/
that many waste their youth iu all sorts of unpro-
fitable engagements, while, on the contrary, they
should bear in mind that youth was especially the
season for mental culture, fur the acquisition of
knowledge and the formation of principles. " la
was the seed-time of a rich harvest they were all
to see hereefter." The more such topics are dis-
cussed, and the greater stress that is laid on these
matters, the better, for the indifferent may thus be
won over and in time made to see the error
of their ways in cornumiug their precious time
in idleness or wasting their energies by acquiring
superficial knowledge of things that require Minute
and careful investigation. Great credit is due to
those gentlemen occupying a distinguished position
in society, who have EO often come forward to
further the objects and promote the efforts of such
societies and institutions as that now discussed.
the advantages of their attendance cannot be too
much overrated, their names are a tower of strength,
they incite and emulate the rising generation, and
urge them on in the path that lies before them. II
the young members of such institutes find that their
progress is considered a matter of importance to the
most eminent men is the land, that their mental
culture and moral Advancement are thought to

be consequently affecting the welfare of the com-
munity, it must encourage them to go on and
prosper in their up-hill task. Too much praise can-
not be awarded to those who thus persevere in their
attempts at training and improvements. They are
often surrounded by temptations, and beset with
those who ridicule their endeavours, but if they
succeed in their noble works their reward is certain
and their success is sure. No losses of fortune that
they may meet with in after years can deprive them
of their own intrinsic wealth, a well regulated
heart and a cultivated mind. 'These will remain to
be their inalienable possessions to smooth the rough
road of the highway of this world, and lead them
on in their efforts to reach another and a better.

It must be a matter of general regret to all who
take an interest in the welfare of trade and the
well-being of their fellows that the attempts which
have recently been made to bring about an under-
standing between the masters and men of the
Midland collieries have hitherto proved fruitless.
The origin of the strike is doubtless familiar to
our readers. There has lately been a fall in the
price of iron at the rate of about Ll per ton, and
in order to neutralise the effect of this it was
resolved to reduce the wages of the colliers six-
pence a-day, many of the masters being both iron
masters and owners of collieries. The colliers
loudly protested against this reduction, but
in vain, and some two months ago twenty
thousand of them struck work. They argue with
some show of reason that the burden should fall on
the workers in iron rather than in coal, but the
masters retort that coal is the principal ingredient
in iron manufacture. The colliers ought to bear
the loss. However this is hardly just, since if the
price of coal were greatly reduced the colliers
would suffer for it, not the iron workers. So the
matter has gone on for two menthe, with all the
usual features of a prolonged strike, the loss of stop-
page to business, and inconvenience on the part of
the masters, the hardships and struggles on the
part of the men and their families. The iron-
masters have been forced to get their coal
from North Wales and the North of
England, thus introducing a dangerous rival
into the trade whose advent both masters
and men may hereafter be disposed to regret. Under
these circumstances Lord LEIGH, the Lord Lieu-
tenant of the county, and some other independent
noblemen and gentlemen, wisely and kindly endea-
voured to meditate between the contending parties.
They convened a meeting of the owners and the
delegates, and made a modest proposition to which
the men acceded, but the masters unhappily refused
to ogres. They have thus prolonged the unhappy
dispute which has already occasioned so much die•
tress to the men and loss to themselves, and we
cannot help regretting they should not have shown
a fairer spirit of conciliation and compromise when
they had so favourable an opportunity of making
up the quarrel.

University Intelligence.

Oxroßn, Oct. 10.

In a convocation holden th!s morning, being the first day
of the Michaelmas Term, the Rev. Samuel Joseph Hulme,
M.A., of Wadham College, was, upon the nomination of the
vice-chancellor, appointed one of the masters of the school,
whose duty it is in conjunction with his three colleagues to
examine candidates for " responsions."
In a congregation holden immediately afterwards the
following degrees were conferred, viz, :
M.A. COMITATIS CAESA —Rev. Augustus Kerr R. Gran•
ville, M. A , Corpus Christi College, Cambridge.
BACHELOR OF ARTS.—Henry Walter Mooro (Fellow),
Exeter College.
NEW COLLEGE —The Rev. T. Rokers, M.A., of this
college, has been elected to a minor canonry in Durham
Cathedral,

CAMBRIDGE, Oct. 11.
ST, JOHN'S COLLEGE.

The undermentioned appointments in St. John's College
were made on Friday and Stturday last :
Exhibitioners,—Johnson's, Kempthorne and Sparkes—
Lupton and Henlethwaite's, Pitman and Redhead—Mun •
steven's, Stokes --Newcome's, Gammon—Somerset (Here-
ford School), Balmer—do. (Manchester School), Jams
2harlt3n—do. (Marlborough), Beor—Dowman's, Bower
and Ellis.

Siz,trs—Ashe, Atkinson, Bower, Braithwaite, Brewer,
Charlton, Ellis, Gannon, Lester, Geo. Smith, G. H. Smith,
Stoddart, and Wilkins.

TRINITY COLLEGE.

The undermentioned gentlemen Nero this day declared
the successful candidates for fellowships at Trinity. There
were five vacancies and 15 candidates—Thomas Dale, third
wrangler, 1862—Henry Jackson, third classic, 1362—Wm.
Knyvett Wilson, 21st senior optime and fourth classic, 1862
—Edward Tucker Leeke, second wrangler, 1863—Arthur
Sidgwick, 15th senior optime and second classic, 1863, Bell
and Porson scholar.