The Sun.
London, England, 1864-08-19 00:00:00

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THE SUN, LONDON, FE,IDAY EVENING, A UGUST 19, 1864.

Rooms, Southsea, under the pat:onage of the Lords of
the Admiralty, in aid of the funds of the Seamen's and
Marines' Orphan Schools, and thus materially benefit that
very excellent institution. The fleet is expected to sail again
from Spithead in the course of a few days for a cruise on
the coasts of Scotland. The performance of the Enterprise
(one of Mr Reed's construction), is spoken of by the officers
of the fleet very favourably. Some, who are from their
position capable of giving competent opinions on the subject,
say that a few improvements may be introduced on board
with advantage, but that on the whole she is a very efficient
vessel.

MR. ROEBUCK AT SHEFFIELD,

SHEFFIELD, Aug. 18.
Yesterday evening Mr Thomas Jessop, whs holds the
two offices of Mayor and Master Cutler of Sheffield, gave a
dinner at the Cutlers' Hall to the members of the Town
Council, the Cutlers' Company, an 1 the gentlemen who
have acted with him on the committee for the relief of the
sufferers by the inundation. It was almost exclusively a
local gathering, Mr Roebuck, M,P., being a distinguished
guest from a distance.
Mr THos. DUNN, in proposing the toast of the borough
members, said perhaps he would not be intruding on the
time of the company, being, as he supposed wa were, on the
verge of an election, if he took the liberty of saying a word
or two as to the duties of the electors of the West Riding.
It should not be forgotten that the House of Commons was
now what the middle class of the country made it. The
middle class had taken the responsibility, enjoyed the pri-
vilege, and could not be released from the duty. He remem-
bered a time when the middle classes had very little to do
with the majority of the members of the house. The coun-
try prospered thee, great men were in the house, great duties
were done, and the name of England was held high through-
out the world, When the changes came doubts arose whe-
ther this position would be maintained. On the whole, he
thought, they would now be agreed, whether Tory, Whig,
or Radical—that the position of the country had been up-
held. As to its material prosperity there could be no doubt.
But it was quite possible that the lower interests—mere
mercantile interests—might prosper and yet the country
sink in its own estimation and in the estimation of the
world. England had not come to that yet, and it depended
on the middle classes to prevent any such cala-
mity. All present knew how much he (Mr
Dunn) wished it also depended on some other classes to a
greater extent than it did now; but at present what the
House of Commons was depended mainly on the middle
classes, and what the house was that eventually England
must be—the House of Commons being the ruling power.
What, then, had the middle classes to do ? He was speak-
ing to men of his own party and to friends who were not of
his own party ; he was sorry they were no'—(laughter)—
though he knew they had an equally great desire for the
prosperity of the country. Both parties looked at the means
differently, though they had the same end in view. What,
then, had the middle classes to do, to whatever party they
belonged ? They had, if possible, to sink minor differ-
ences. That, so far as he could see, was the rock ahead
on which they were likely to run. Men were too liable
to fancy they saw things so clearly that there could be
no mistake, and that all who did not see the same were
tools. If this went on, the result would be that whether
a Liberal or Conservative were returned his re-
turn would be in the hands of the minority. In that case
his election would not be the best, for it would not be the
return of the mind of the electors, which was the thing re-
quired. He (Mr. Dunn) wished he could impress on his
friends, and his younger friends especially, the importance
of not making up their minds so strongly as to separate from
their friends on minor matters, on mere questions of detail,
and say, " I will either have all or none." As a nation, we
ought to agree on great things, agree to differ on minor
things, and, as far as possible, pull together. It had often
been asked what had the middle classes done for the House
of Commons during the 30 years the power had been in
their hands ? Where were their men ? To that it might be
answered, compare the position of England now with the
position it occupied 30 years ago. It was not yet all that
could be wished, but it was more than dare have been hoped
for 30 years ago. Notwithstanding that the middle classes,
of whatever party they were, did not sufficiently consider
their responsibilities, and did not sufficiently educate their
young men to enable them to go into the House of Com-
mons, bearing with them that weight which they ought to
have to do good to their country, he was proud to say they
might point to middle-class men on both sides the house
witnout hanging down their head. From the left hand of
the Speaker—he was sorry to find his friend, Mr Roebuck,
sat though he did not always vote on that side—he might
select three names, Mr Hardy (hear, hear, and laughter),
Sir H. Cairns, and the leader of the Opposition, Mr Dis-
raeli, all middle-class men, and he did not think the Conser••
votive party had any need to be ashamed of these, Among
the Liberal members he might mention the name of one
who was lately in the Ministry, and in some degree
under a cloud, which he (Mr Dunn) thought he ought
not to have been—the member for Halifax. (Cheers.)
Mr Stansfeld was a man who, if he lived, was certain to
make his way in the house and the country. Then

The 11-inch experimental cast-iron gun, made by the
Blakely Ordnance Company to the order of the War De-
partment, was fired yesterday at the proof-butt in Woolwich
Arsenal, with a charge of 701 b of powder and a proof cylin-
der weighing 4001 b. A good deal of doubt was expressed
among the officers present as to the result of the proof with
so mach powder, and Mr Campbell, who was in attendance,
together with Mr Vavasseur on behalf of the Blakely
Company, expressed his opinion that the gun must give
way. The first round was, in consequence, most anxiously
awaited. Those engaged in the office of proving the gun,
and, infect, every one present, sheltered themselves within
the bomb-proof cells, apprehensive of danger by exposure
outside. The instant the report was heard a rush was
made towards the spot whence the firing took place, and
about 40 or 50 huge fragments rose with the smoke into the
air above, and were soon strewed about the place. This
being the first gun made on the principle, the experiment
may be considered important, the object
,being to ascertain
if a cheap gun of a large calibre can be made by shrinking
a cast iron jacket over a cast-iron tube. The Blakely guns
to stand a similar charge—namely, 701 b. of powder—are
constructed entirely of steel. This one, however, was pur-
'chased with a view to economy, and hence the result.

The freight ship Percy yesterday sailed from Woolwich
Arsenal, having embarked war stores for Hobart Town ;
and the Avon left Woolwich at the same time, laden with
Volunteers' pontoon equipment for Dowlais, South Wales.
The following garrison of der was yesterday issued at
Woolwich, by order from the Horse Guards, for the infor-
mation of detachments and the numerous corps of Volun-
teers who are in the habit of using the Woolwich range :
" All practice in the Marshes will, until further orders,
be suspended, in conformity with instructions received from
the Field Marshal Commanding-in Chief of the Army."
Yesterday the large portable shears for lifting the massive
iron stem for the iron-clad frigate Bellerophon, in progress
at Chatham Dockyard, were successfully fixed in their place
at the head of No. 2 clock, and the work of raising and fixing
the stem will be undertaken next week. The portion of the
iron frigate forming the stem has been forged in three sepa-
rate pieces in the dockyard smithery, and is the largest un-
dertaking of the kind ever attempted by that department..
The entire weight before its removal to the factory to be
planed and cut to shape was nearly 30 tons, but its loss dur-
ing the operations to which it has been subjected at the
hands of the mechanics will reduce its weight by about 10
tons. The Bellerophon's stem will stretch a considerable
distance forward below the water-line, and will consequently
differ very materially from either the Achilles or the Warrior
—the bows of neither of which have a very formidable pro-
jection. In the Bellerophon, however, beauty of form has
been entirely sacrificed to utility. The curve of the stem is
as nearly as possible in the shape of the letter S, the pro-
jecting portion of which will be hidden below the water
line, and will be thrust forward some 10 feet. As it is
intended to aim this portion of the vessel with a cleaver-
shaped weapon, the destruction of any
ship with which a
vessel of her size and tonnage might be brought in contact
would appear a matter of certainty. Within the last few
days the naval representative of the French Government
has paid a visit to Chatham Dockyard, for the express
purpose of inspecting the Lord Warden and the Belle-
rophon iron-clad frigates. It was the latter vessel, how-
ever, to which attention was chiefly directed, and in a
very minute inspection, on which a oonbiderable time was
spent, the officials connected with the dockyard affording
every information in their power without the least possible
reserve, the opinion was candidly professed that the Belle-
rophon surpasses all other iron vessels of war hitherto con-
structed, and that there is no vessel in the French navy
which can be compared with her. The engines for the iron
frigate are now in course of manufacture by Messrs John
Penn and Son, who constructed those for the Achilles and
the other large iron vessels of war. They are intended to
be very powerful, and although of nominally 1,000 horse
power will weigh, with boilers filled, nearly 1,000 tons.
They are designed with surface condensers, super-heaters,
and to work the steam expansively, with other improve-
ments, by which it is anticipated that they will work up to
even greater indicated horse power than the engines of the
Warrior. The Bellerophon is constructed to carry about
800 tons of coal, but in =sequence of the numerous im-
provements to be effected in her engines it is confidently
anticipated that the consumption of fuel will be compara-
tively small, and the quantity of coal on board sufficient to
propel the ship at a high rate of speed for a much greater
distance than any other ironclad in the navy could steam,
without replenishir g her cial.

there was the member for Sheffield, Mr. Roebuck.
(Cheers, and some faint hisses, immediately drowned in a
renewed burst of cheering.) When men had strong opinions
and had the honesty to express them, they did not always
expect every one to agree with them. But whatever the
views of gentlemen with regard to the political principles of
Mr Roebuck might be, he would appeal to any man whether
John Arthur Roebuck might not be put forward as a
representative—a worthy representative—of the middle
classes. He might name, too, the member for the Univer-
sity of Oxford, Mr Gladstone. These were three men on each
side cf the House sprung directly from the middle classes,
each worthily representing their class, and the moral he
would draw from this was, to urge the middle classes so to
train their young men that they might be able worthily to
occupy the positions held in the House of Commons by
such men as he had named, (Cheers.) Mr Dunn concluded
by proposing his toast.
Mr ROEBUCK, who was received with reiterated cheers,
after some introductory observations, said—ln my converse
with life I have always, when I fell in with a man, endea-
voured to find out in what he may have been concerned, and
the circumstances by which his mind is directed. When I

A general order from the Horse Guards has been received
at Chatham garrison, in which it is announced that as the
Field Marshal Commanding-in-Chief has decided that it is
not necessary for acting assist.-surgeons to wear uniform,
general officers commanding districts and divisions, and
officers commanding depot battalions, are desired to recog-
nise them in the performance of their duties, without being
in uniform.

It was yesterday announced at Chatham, by Admiralty
order, that the iron frigate Minotaur, 26, 6,621 tons, 1,350
horse power, now being fitted for sea in the Victoria Dock,
is intended to be fitted as a flag-ship, but her intended des.
tination is not stated. -Crider this arrangement all the
officers will live on the maindeck in time of peace, the
cabins which have been fitted for the officers on the lower
deck being reserved in the event of war. A suite of cabins
and offices for the Admiral will be fitted beneath the poop.
An Admiralty order has bees received at Chatham ap-
pointing Messrs Barnaby, Crossland, and Barnes assistant
constructors of the navy under the direction of Mr Reed,
chief constructor.

have found that out, 1 have endeavoured to lead him to talk
of that which he understood, and from that I have derived
interest and instruction. I, sir, unfortunately for myself,
am a politician, and I want to talk politics. If I had felt
any diffidence about that, my honourable and dear friend, if
be wilt allow me to call him so, has set me an example
which I shall not hesitate to follow. He has spoken of the

present Parliament as a do-nothing Parliament. (Hoar,
hear.) I understand that " Hear, hear," and I say that the
last session was par excellence a do-nothing session. (Hear,
hear.) Now, just wait a moment. (Laughter.) Perhaps
the idea may receive a different signification before I have
done. (Cheers and laughter ) That do-nothing Parliament
received into its hands a grand deposit. What was that ?
Why, that politically it was appointed to watch over the
welfare and the interests of England. (Hear, hear.) Thirty-
five years ago, or something more than that, there arose up
among the people of England a desire for reform. The re-
form began by liberating the Catholics. Then came the grand
reform—the reform of Parliament itself. We then, sir, re-
formed—I say we, for I formed part of that band 30 or 32 years
ago—we reformed the municipal corporations, of which you
stand forward upon the present occasion as a worthy repre-
sentative; we reformed the Poor Law, we reformed the
government of the colonies, we reformed the municipalities
of Ireland, and then, sir, we freed trade. (Cheers.) That is
the result of the reform of Parliament. (Cheers.) wOll,
now, what is the result of that ? I look round me, and I am
proud of being an Englishman. Thrones have tumbled
down, empires have been destroyed, the model Republic
has been rent in twain ; but England stands serene in her
greatness, and dares the world to oppose her onward pro-
gress. (A. voice—Denmark.) I will touch upon all those
things before I have done. (Cheers.) Well, that is what
we received as a deposit when we began to represent the
people of England in the present Parliament—a precious
deposit. Where was there a nation like it ? Where was there
security for person, for property, and for character like that
which England then gave to all her subjects ? Let me illus-
trate by one of the arts which has since taken place. Have
any of you—l have—watched the painting of a great pic-
ture? The artist began, having made his plan, and coon
covered the canvas ; he stuck in this figure and that figure,
and you said " How rapidly he worked ; he has, indeed,
done great things." But then came the finishing of the
picture. That was a slow process. The things he did from
month to month were not recognised by the uninformed.
That perfectly illustrates what took place in Parliament.
We reformed all the great abuses, and we are now endea-
vouring to perfect the great picture we then began, (Cheers.)
I do not mean to say that there is not yet much to be
done; there is. I am very much of that class of man who
says, think not of rest while aught requires to be done.
That is very much my feeling, but still I cannot help con-
sidering the grand deposit that is in my hands—the great
happiness, welfare, and wellbeing of the great people of
England that is committed to me. Shall I hastily, rashly,
imprudently, do things which shall render doubtful and
dangerous that which lam attempting to perfect. Now,
sir, pardon me, I am only following in the tracks that have
been made for me; pardon me if I say that there were
three things upon which the Parliament of England and
the Government of England acted in a manner foreign
to my view, and yet I am here to vindicate the course
they pursued. First of these was the great schism that oc-
curred in the modern Republic on the other side of the
Atlantic, My feeling was at once to recognise the Confede-
rate States of America. (Hear, hear, and cheers.) That,
I say, was my feeling, and had I been Prime Minister it
should have been done. (Loud cheers.) Though out of
every 20 men I meet 19 are sympathizers with the Confe-
derate States—(A voice—And would recognize them)—No,
no, you are wrong. Though, I say, 19 out of every 20 men
are sympathizers with the Confederate States, still I must
say that the sympathy of England went not to the point of
risking war for the Confederate States. (Rear, hear.)
Well, then, Parliament—that middle-class Parliament of
which my hon. friend has made mention—taking its view,
taking its cue—its command from the kingdom over which
it was destined to rule, said we will do nothing to risk the
danger of war. The Ministry, following Parliament, did
the same thing. I think as a bold politician Lord Palmer-
ston was wrong—(hear, hear, and no, no)—but ho is a
rai4ela older AM tbllla I, and thoup,At do not Accord with

PRICE .4d.
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his opinion I cannoi, mistake the prudence of his conduct.
(Cheers.) He did what England desired he should do. Ho
has followed what is called perfect neutrality, and we are
now as we were at the beginning of that conflict. The next
case in which Parliament acted differently from my view
was that of Denmark. I thought Denmark oppressed by
the bandit powers of Germany, and I would have sent the
English fleet to defend her. Again Lord Palmerston said
" No." He followed the people of England. They felt
for Denmark, but they did not feel so much for Denmark
as to be willing to go to war for her. Lord Palmerston, a
very wise old gentleman—(cheers and laughter)—took his
cue front the people of England, and we allowed Denmark
to be made the prey of the robber Germany. (Hear, hear,and
Shame, shame !) Shame it is ; that is true ; but I cannot help
feeling that the shame rests with the people of England.
(Hear.) Well, now, I come to touch upon a ticklish subject,
It it were not for the leading up on the present occasion I
think I should hardly have had courage to venture upon it.
("Speak up.") I speak as loudly as I can ; you listen.
(Cheers and laughter.) I come to the question of reform.
Now, you have returned a middle-class Parliament. I have
been in that middle-class Parliament; I form a portion of
it ; I live in it from day to day, and from night to night.
I know its feelings ; I have probed its wishes ; I know what
it will do, and it will not reform itself. But still comes the
question, are the people of England in such a State of mind
as to compel Parliament to reform itself ? (No, no.) I say
they are not—(hear, hear)—and Lord Palmerston—again
I quote the prudence of that wise old gentleman—(laughter)
—said, " Parliament is against reform ; I wont propose re-
form until Parliament compels me." Well, now these are
the three great things that the present Parliament have
done. When you say they have done nothing, let me bring
to your mind what would occur to a patient in a high fever.
If I,e sent for a doctor, and the doctor were to determine not
to oleed him, is not that as positive a proceeding as bleeding
him ? I say, then, that determining not to go to war is as
positive a proceeding as if they had determined to go to war.
Though the patient might recover, and you would then say
the doctor was a clever man ; or he might die, and you
might say he was a fool; still the fact would remain that
the doctor had taken a step as complete in the one case as
in the other. If he had bled him he would have been act-
ing; by not bleeding him he would be equally acting. The
do-nothing Parliament, by not going to war, has in every
case been as active as if it had determined to batter down
the whole world. I look around me and ask myself what
is the etate of England ? Is not property safe ? Is not
every man able to say what he likes ? Does not every man
enjoy tnat privilege so dear to Englishmen of grumbling
as much as he wishes ? (Laughter.) Cannot you walk from
one end of England to the other in perfect security ? I ask
you whether the world over or in past history there is any-
thing like it ? (No, no.) Nothing. All I ask, and as
I ask it the trembling and fear comes over me which
came over the old superstitious heathen when a man had
pursued a course of uninterrupted success and he thought
the gods were envious of his happiness and would turn a
great catastrophe against him-1 pray that our unrivalled
happiness—unrivalled I call it, for it is such as the world
never saw before—l pray that our unrivalled happiness may
escape the terrible ending that the superstitions fear and
tremble for. I say to you now that in order that it may so
escape you ought to be very careful how you decide that
your representatives ought to act. You are so happy, you
are so distinguished from the rest of the world, that every
step a wise man takes is taken in trembling and in terror
lest he should in any way whatever render insecure that great
happiness you enjoy, which the world sees and which the
world envies. (Loud cheers.)

The remainder of the speeches were of a complimentary
character.

THE BELFAST RIOTS.

(From a Correspondent of the .)forning Post.)
DUBLIN, Aug. 18.

There was no improvement yesterday in the state
of Belfast. On the contrary, the mobs seemed to
have acquired increased confidence in their strength
and defied the local authorities, who, though sup-
ported by a very large force, both of military and
police, were quite unable to subdue them. It is re-
ported that the greatest indignation prevails among
the people because the authorities do not control the
mobs or put an end to the disturbances, notwith-
standing the immense force at their command. " I
have seen (says thespecial reporter of a Dublin paper)
the police and military march through crowds that
a moment before had been committing excesses
without making a solitary arrest, although the cha-
racter of the mob was plainly discernible, if one
might judge by the large bludgeons they had in
their hands, or the other weapons that a not very
cl .se observer could have seen partly concealed about
their persons." It was utterly impossible for any
person to pass through the streets after nightfall on
Tuesday with safety. Balls whizzed in every direc-
tion, and several persons were more or less injured.
The Pound and Barrack-street neighbourhood and
the fields to one side were the scenes of a series of
pitched battles, the like of which, for ferocity and
daring, were never before witnessed in Belfast.
Sandy-row was quiet, the opposite mob never hav-
ing, in any riot that ever occurred, penetrated into
that locality.

The meeting of Roman Catholics, mentioned in
my telegram, was held at the Catholie Institute at 2
p.m. It was convened ostensibly to consider the
best means of obtaining protection to life and pro-
perty during the present disgraceful riots. About

1,000 persons were present. On the motion of Mr.
McKenna ( Ulster Observer) Mr. D. O'Rorke took the
chair, and addressed the meeting at some length,
exhorting them to peace,and begged them to retire to
their respective districts, to keep within their
houses, and under no provocation to leave their
dwellings. Even if their houses were wrecked, he
would acvise them to retire to the rear. (Here
there were loud cries of " Better be shot on the
streets than die like dogs.") Mr Wm. M'Coy did
not approve of the policy recommended by the
chairman, and moved—" That as the magistrates
had proved false to their assurances, and had proved
themselves throughout the riots thorough partisans,
the Catholic party have lost all confidence in them,
and feel bound to at once take measures of their
own accord for the protection of their lives and pro-
perties." It was carried unanimously, and after a
short address from the chairman the assembly dis-
persed, some of them firing shots.
In the course of the forenoon a deputation of
merchants, appointed at a public meeting, waited
lon the magistrates to urge them to enrol special
constables, and take other measures for the defence
of the people.

Alderman MULLAN stated the object of the depu•
tation, referred to the excitement and terror that
prevailed, and the fact that the mob were in many
parts of the town able to commit outrages with im-
punity. He stated that it was the opinion of the
merchants on 'Change that the course which should
be adopted was the swearing.in of special constables
to assist the civil and military authorities, who were
unable to cope Rith the evil. From 5,000 to 10,000
special constables could readily be procured—most
respectable men—who would not hesitate to under-
take the duties imposed upon them,
One Magistrate asked, whether the special con-
stables could be trusted to act impartially
Alderman MuLLAN said he considered the ques-
tion little short of an insult. He and others who
often acted as special jurors could not act otherwise
than impartially ; and bo w could it be queP.
tioned that respectable men would do otherwise
upon their oaths when the peace of the town was

at stake P Catholics as well as Protestants were
ready to serve, and, as he had said, 5,000 to 10,000
trustworthy persons could be obtained in an Lour
if magistrates would be sent to the various districts
to swear them in. Every one should be in his own
house by nine o'clock, except those charged with
protecting the inhabitants ; and if this course were
adopted no more would be heard of the riots. The
present system, he urged, was quite ineffectual.
From 40 to 50 men were sent to guard public build.
ings which were in little danger, whilst streets and
dwelling houses were left at the mercy of the mob.

No decision was come to at the time ; but at a
subsequent meeting, at two o'clock, a resolution in
favour of swearing in special constables was adopted
and a proclamation inviting persons to tender their
services was posted eVensively through the streets.
A considerable number were sworn in.

The Right Rev. Dr. Dorrian, the Catholic (Coad-
jutor) Bishop, disapproved of the meeting held at
the Catholic Institnte, and, es an antidote to the
inflammatory article in the Ulster Observer, had the