The Sun.
London, England, 1864-11-02 00:00:00

Commissary-General S. M. M‘Lean Sutherland—
Apothecary S. Jones.
The officers of the 9th Depot Battalion at the
camp at Colchester are about to preset t a testi-
monial of respect to Ccl. Knox, C.B.
The annual sports of the 14th Hussars came off
on the Royal Pavilion Cricket-ground at Aldershott
on Thursday afternoon.
Her Majesty's iron steamship Valiant, 4,063 tons
and 800 horse power engines, built by Messrs.
Westwood and Bailie at Millwall, and masted and
rigged in the Victoria docks, yesterday went down
the river at the two o'clock tide for Sheerness, in
command of Commander Luke, steam reserve at
Woolwich. On account of her great draught of
water it was considered necessary to lay to at Green-
hithe for the night, and proceed this morning to
Sheerness, where she will receive her armament
from Woolwich and be completed for sea.
The launch of a fine ship of 1,500 tons, likewise
built in the above-named yard (now called the Lon-
don Engineering Iron Shipbuilding Company), is
announced to take place at 2 p.m. to-day. She is
to be named the Royal George,
The following is a list of the naval and military
stations to which the Contagious Diseases Preven•
tion Act is intended to apply—Portsmouth, Ply.
mouth, Woolwich, Chatham, Sheerness, Aldershott,
including the limits of the parishes of Pirbright,
Ash, Compton, Peper.Harrow, Frimley, Patten-
ham, Seale and Tongham, Elstead, Farnham,
Birley, in the county of Surrey, Aldershott, Yately,
Crondall, Dogmersfield, Wincbfield, Hartley.
Wintney, Cove, Eversley, Farnborough, Binstead,
Bentley, in the county of Hants ; Sandhurst, in the
county of Berks ; Colchester, Shorncliffe, the
Curragh, Cork, and Queenstown,
The Eigar, screw line•ofbattle ship, Capt. G. P.
Hereby, bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral S. C.
Dacres, C. 8., Commander■in-Chief of the Channel
fleet, accompanied by the iron frigate (screw)
Warrior, 40 guns, Capt. the Hon. A. A. Cochrane,
C. 8,, anchored at Spithead yesterday from the
westward.

The Himalaya, screw troopship, Capt. Lacy, went
out of Portsmouth harbour yesterday on trial of her
machinery, preparatory to her proceeding again on
foreign service. The trial was perfectly satisfaes
tory, and the Himalaya returned to the harbour to
complete the necessary preparations for her voyage
and the embarcation of troops, &c. _ _

The Aurora, 35, screw frigate, Capt. Sir Leopold
M'Clintcck, steamed into Portsmouth harbour yes•
terday to refit atter the Baltic voyage.
The ships of war on the Australian station at
the date of the last advices were—the Harrier, 17,
Capt. Sullivan, at New Z3aland (ordered home) ;
the Miranda, 14, Capt. Jenkins, at New Zealand ;
the Eclipse, 4, Capt. Mayne, at New Zealand ; the
Caracoa, 23, Commodore Wiseman, at Sydney; the
Esk, 21, Captain,_ Hamilton, at Sydney ; the Fal-
con, 17, Capt. Parkin, at New Zealand ; and the
Salamander, 4, Capt. Carnegie, at New York.
Yesterday General Todleben, the Russian General
and defender of Sebastopol, paid a visit to Chatham,
for the purpose of inspecting the naval and military
establishments at that port and garrison, as well as
the system of fortification carried out at that mili-
tary station. The General travelled by the London
Chatham, and Dover Railway, arrived at Chatham
at half-past 11 a.m. He was accompanied by Gen.
Sir J. F. Burgoyne, G.C.8., Inspector-General of
Royal Engineers, and bis aide-de-camp ; Capt. the
Hon. G. Wrottesley, Royal Engineers ; Gen. Sir
J. M. F. Smith, K.H., M.P., Royal Engineers;
Mr. E. J. Reed, Chief Constructor of the Navy ; and
an Attache from the Imperial Embassy in London.
On the platform awaiting the arrival of General

Todleben were Major-Gen. Sir Robert Walpole,
K.C.8., commanding the troops in the Chatham
district, with his aide-de-camp, Liento,Col. T. B,
Collinson, Lieut,-Col. J. W. Lovell, C. 8., Royal
Engineers and other officers of the garrison. A
number of carriages were in waiting in the station-
yard, in which the visitors entered, and were driven
in the first instance to Chatham dockyard, where
they were received by Capt. \V. IL Stewart, C. 8.,
superintendent ; Mr. Thornton, senior master ship-
builder, and the other principal officials. At the
moment of their entering the dockyard the work-
men were leaving for dinner. This, however, did
not prevent the General and the other visitors from
witnessing the extensive operations in pro.
gress relating to the construction and repair of
the largest descriptions of iron-clad vessels
of war. After spending a short time in the
offices, where the drawings and plans of the
principal iron ships were examined with much
interest, the General proceeded to the dock in
which the Bellerophon ironclad frigate is under
construction. The whole of the workmen having
been withdrawn from the ship, every portion of the
interior of the frigate was traversed, and the vari-
ous parts of the vessel pointed out by Mr Reed, the
greatest apparent interest being shown by the Ge-
neral in every portion of her construction, which
differs very remarkably from every other vessel of
the kind yet built. Leaving the Bellerophon Ge-
neral Todleben and party proceeded through the
yard, passing the docks and slips on which several
wooden vessels are standing in various degrees of
progress until they reached the ship on which the
iron.plated frigate Lord Warden is under construc-
tion, also from Mr Reed's plans. The brief time
occupied in the visit to the dockyard would scarcely
admit of any of the establishments being visited,
and shortly before two o'clock the General, with the
other visitors, quitted the yard and proceeded to the
Royal Engineer establishment at Brompton. Lun.
cheon for a party of 50 guests was served in the
Royal Engineers' mesaroom, to which most of the
heads of' departments were invited. General
Todleben afterwards briefly inspected the companies
of Royal Engineers, who were drawn up in front of
their quarters in fatigue dress, previously to pro.
seeding on the field works for their engineering
operations. The hells of study for the Engineer
officers, schools, and Royal Engineer museum, the
latter containing a varied and choice collection of
models connected with military engineering, as well
as an equally interesting array of articles of all de-
scriptions obtained during the Russian, Caffre, Chie
nese, and other wars were visited, and their contents
inspected with evident interest. General Todle-
ben afterwards proceeded to the Royal Engineer
depot field works—a considerable extent of ground
stretching from the fortifications to the Med.
way, and admirably adapted for the instruction
of the officers and sappers in everything relating to
military engineering, the construction of earth.
works, formation of bridges, &c. Upwards of an
hour was spent upon the works in witnessing the
operations of the Sappers and Miners and the re-
sult of their labours during the past summer, and it
was late in the afternoon before General Todleben
and the other visitors quitted the ground. They
returned to town by the London, Chatham, and
Dover Railway, the General before his depar-
ture expressing the pleasure his visit to Chatham
had afforded him.
The following appointments and promotions have
been made at the Admiralty : —Capt. J. G. Good-
enough, to the Victoria, commissioned—Comman-
der Mountford S. L. Peile, to the Espoir, commis-
sioned—Lieuts. H. L. Perceval, Hon. H. B. Hamil-
ton, Hardy M'Hardy, Walter Stewart, and A. H.
Markham, to the Victoria—W. H. Drysdale, master,
to the Victoria—Sub-Lieuts. Alfred T. Bagge, H.
S. Hutchings, and C. P. Pelly, to the Victoria—
Alleyne P. Pascoe, midshipman, to the Meeanee—
E. J. Fellowes, midshipman, to the Racoon ; Mar.
ens M•Causland, Robert L. Smart, Henry W. A.
Littledale, Henry A. Askew, Meyrick T. Daubeny,
William F. S. Mann, George H. Bruce, and Robert
0. Webb, midshipmen, to the Victoria—Frederick
C. Bonltbee, nominated to a naval cadetship—E.
A. Williamson, promoted to paymaster-in-chief on
the retired list—Frederick W. Le Grand, M.D.,
vitals and Fleets, en
promoted to be Deputy Inspector- General.of Hos.
the retired list—Sidney J.
Spark, paymaster, to
the Victoria—J. H. Manley,
assist.-paymaster, to the Blenheim—Henry W.
Andrews, Wm. Phillips, and Henry Ellis, assist.-
paymasters, to the Victoria—the Rev. S. K.
Stothert, chaplain, to the Victoria—the Rev. J. W.
llassell, chaplain, to the Liffey--the Rev. Henry T.
Clerk, chaplain, to the Blenheim—F. Brinckley
naval instructor, to the Victoria—Frederick M.
James, clerk, to the Victoria—Henry Stubby and
%Vali= W. Perry, assist.-clerks, to the Victoria ;

On Monday about 150 gentlemen dined at Manchester
under the auspices of the Committee of the Warehousemen
and Clerks' Orphan Schools, A glee party sung a number
of glees, &c., between the toasts.
Lord STANLEY, who presided, in proposing "The Queen,"
said—Those of us who have lived to middle age have seen
stormy times in this country, and we may see such times
again, although all present appearances are in a contrary
direction. But it is the happicess of our modern political
system that under it no serious unpopularity can ever attach
to the Crown, except by the faults of the Crown. It may be
a paradox, but I believe it is the truth, that in proportion
as the sovereigns have parted with that direct power and
authority which they exercised in former days, in precisely
the same proportion they have gained in popularity and
even in social influence. (Hear.) The more men feel them-
selves free and self-good, the more ready they are to pay to
the highest authority in the country that which no law can
exact or enforce—the willing tribute of their loyal respect,
(Hear.) I am not in the habit of flattering royal persons
either present or absent, but it is bare justice to her Ma-
jesty to say that in the long list of English sovereigns there
is none who has more uniformly made public duty and public
interest the rule of her life. (Hear.) A court upon which,
during 27 years, no reproach can be cast, is at all times a
rare spectacle in English history—(hear)—and considering
the influence which the Queen exercises upon social life in
this country, I think we cannot doubt that she has thereby
conferred a very real and substantial benefit upon public
morals and on our English social life. (Applause.)
The CHAIRMAN, in proposing the health of "The Prince
and Princess of Wales and the rest of the Royal Family,',
said in this country the heir to the crown occupies a pecu-
liar and somewhat difficult position. He is shut out from
any direct and active participation in public life, but he is
bound to study and take an interest in the course of public
affairs. He is naturally the most impartial and disinterested
adviser of the Sovereign, but he is bound most scrupulously
to avoid any interference with the functions or rights of the
Minister of the day. (Hear.) In his position he can never
be wholly free from ceremonial restraint, yet he is expected
to see and to be seen. He must maintain a certain social re-
serve, yet he is expected to take part frankly in the plea •
sures and pursuits of English gentlemen. To fulfil these
various duties, to satisfy these expectations, is not altogether
an ease matter. (Hear, hear.) Those who think as I do, that
State shows and ceremonies are about the hardest work a
man can be put to, would find, if they were to try it, that the
highest station has its drawbacks, and that ample allowances
may be very hardly earned. (Hear, hear.) We have not
had the opportunity of knowing much of his Royal High
ness. What we do know is this, that wherever he has gone
he has acquired for himself personal popularity and respect.
(Hear, hear.) I hope some day or another he may give us
a chance of making acquaintance with him in these dis-
tricts. lam sure he ought to be glad to see Manchester;
and I am quite sure that Manchester will be glad to see him.
(Applause.)
The CHAIRMAN gave " The bishop, clergy, and ministers
of all denominations,', and said—Truly glad I am that here
at least, without dispute or objection, we are able to give
that toast in that form ; because it shows that among us
sectarian differences are not rife. (Hear.) I suppose we are
too busy. I have always noticed that when people had
nothing else to do they took to quarrelling; and whether
met are minded to quarrel, religious differences often serve
to that end. (Hear, hear, and laughter.) I think, how-
ever, the feeling here is that ministers of religion are not
antagonists or rivals, except in a friendly sense, but aro
rather allies, fighting in different uniforms against one com-
mon enemy; and if I know anything. of these things they've
got their werk before them. (Hear, hear, and laughter.)
There is plenty of vice to combat ; they will meet plenty
of opposition of all kinds ; and what is more, they will meet
men who are not much in the habit of submitting to any
authority, and who are accustomed to speak their mind out.
I recollect a friend of mine, an old clergyman who had a
largo experience in various parts of England, saying to
me that he would much rather deal with Lancashire
men than with people from simply rural districts. " They
are not so smooth-spoken, they are not always so civil to
you, but they understand what pu say; and it you can
once get them to :agree with you, and to say that they
agree with you, you may be quite sure that they do,
because they wont say it if they do not mean it." (Rear,
hear.) I believe that is true, and I believe that the work-
ing classes in Lancashire, more than perhaps anywhere
I else, have that kind of intelligence and shrewdness that
they know a genuine man from a humbug, (Hear, hear,
and laughter.) Therefore, if a clergyman is minded to
throw his head and his heart into the work he has to do, I
do not know that he could wish to be better situated than
in Lancashire. (Applause.)
The Rev. Canon RICHSON responded, and heartily com-
mended the Warehousemen and Clerks' Schools to the
mercantile community, whose duty be said it was to raise
the £lO,OOO needed for the erection of the contemplated
buildings. He thought the necessary guarantee for the
commencement of the work ought to be obtained in a
fortnight.
The CHAIRMAN proposed "The army, navy, and volun-
teers," and said—A few years ago there might be many
persons to whom a toast of this kind would seem out of
place in this city; but as we grow older we grow wiser—
at least some of us do. (Laughter.) I think within the
last two years we have discovered two things—one, that
the world is not quite so near to that state of lamb-like
innocence as some of us thought a dozen years ago, and
that if we, working bees, intend to secure the use and en-
joyment of our own honey, we shall have to show that we
are ready occasionally to use our stings—(" hear," and
laughter),—though I hope, like bees, we shall only do
it in self-defence. (Hear, hear.) The other thing is that
science and mechanical skill have as much to do with the
arts of war as they have with those of peace. That isn't a
new lesson. It is as old as the days of Archimedes, and
probably older—but it is a lesson which we had rather lost
sight of in recent times. Now, in our state of society, when
occasional war must be contemplated as a possibility, I
think there is no feature about it more aatisfactory than the
extent to which the results are influenced by scientific
skill and by mechanical appliances, That is satisfactory,
because it is a guarantee, as far as anything can be so, for
the furtherance of our actual civilisation. It is a security
to the civilised and educated nations of the world, that their
power and skill will prevail against mere brute force and
mere animal courage. I believe we may congratulate
ourselves upon having here in Manchester contributed
not inconsiderably to that result ; and if we should be
unfortunate enough to be drawn into future wars, I believe
that the historian of those wars will record the name of Mr
Whitworth as that of a man who has done as much for the
military successes of the country as our most victorious
generals. (Hear, hear.) I believe we have an army and a
navy which, though undoubtedly they have been very
costly, aro yet efficient. I say that especially of the navy,
although in that respect we are in such a state of transi-
tion that nobody precisely knows where we are. (Laughter.)
But I believe we have maintained, and are maintaining,our
relative superiority over other countries. And if, as the
general belief is, success in maritime war depends upon
three things,—the quality of our iron, the length of our
purse, and the courage of our men, why, we have the biggest
ironfields of any country, I believe we have longest purse,
and as for men, if we only do as well as they did in the
days of our grandfathers, I do not think we have any rea-
son to fear. (Hear, hear) One word upon the volunteer
force. I look with great respect upon that force, and I
think it is quite as important in a moral—(hear, hear)—l
mean in a political and diplomatic, as in a material point of
view—because it shows that though we may not have a
warlike Government we are at the bottom a military nation.
You may have a Government making a great parade of
driving on a war, men who would much rather be quiet in
their homes—(hear, hear)—but in this country all our Go.
vernments, I don't care who they be, all those who are re-
sponsible for the conduct of affairs, all thinking men, are
only anxious to be able to keep honourably and safely at
peace. But, if you ono rouse the military spirit of the
country, there is that in us that if we aro driven to war,
I believe we shall go to it with a will. I believe the volun-
teer movement to be good in all ways. For gentlemen
engaged in sedentary pursuits is bas been excellent as a
sanitary measure, a sort of anticipation of Banting.
(Laughter.) It has given to many men who were idle
against their will, idle because they had a competence
and no sphere of usefulness open to them—and
there are many such in English society—the pleasure of
employment, and the sense, for the first time, of feeling
that they were making themselves useful to the commu-
nity; and that is a pleasure which no man need despise.
(Hear, hear.) It has brought together clasees who had not
an opportunity of meeting before in •he same way ; and last,
but not least, it has done a great deal to put an end to those
discreditable panics to which England used to be liable from
time to time. (Applause.) I believe we may reckon at the
present time upon an Efficient volunteer force of 150,000
men. I mean that there is that number on the rolls, of whom
two thirds would be available at once if they were wanted ;
and large as that force is, I believe it is only the nucleus of
the force which might be available if auy national exigency
should require it. (Applause.)
The Hon, A. EGERTON, IMP,, responded.
The children of the schools were then introduced,
The noble CHAIRMAN said—The introduction of these
weleAne visitors shows that I am about to propose the toast
of the evening, 0 Prosperity to the Manchester Warehouse-
men and Clerks' Schools.', I rise under some difficulty in
proposing that toast, not on account of the weakness of tho
case which I have to submit, but because on such a subject
it is hardly possible to say anything that your own experi-
ence and knowledge of the world will not have already Bug-
gested. Tho proposition is to enlarge, or practically to found
anew, thcso schools, for the benefit of orphans and ACCOEdi-

tons children of persons employed as warehousemen and
clerks. The questions we have to consider are—ls this thing
wanted ? Are there any reasonable objections to its exist-
ence ? And if not, are we setting about its establishment in
the right way? As to the first question, lam afraid lam
not very well qual:fied to give an opinion. I have not with
me a fact or figure showing what the number is in these
districts Of the class for whom we undertake to provide. All
I know is that where a million of people are employed in
industrial pursuits, that class must necessarily be large.
You cannot have any place of business without a clerk, few
without more than one ; and those who have visited those
magnificent palaces called warehouses, which are an equal
honour to the public spirit anti to the taste of Manchester,
and which brings strangers from distant parts of the country
to inspect them, must be aware that not all the ingenuity
which Lancashire can command, not all our laboursaving
machinery, can avoid the necessity of a large amount of
human labour being there employed. Then you have a
numerous class to deal with. I may assume that you have
also a poor class. I take it that very few persons go into the
business of a warehouseman or a clerk who have any con•
siderable private means independent of what they can earn.
(Hear, hear.) I may assume further that, although men in
that position may and do rise in society, yet in the earlier
years of life their remuneration is rather small, and the sum
that they can lay by is therefore insignificant. (Hear.)
Give then those facts, a poor and numerous class, and you
have this also certain, that out of every large number of
persons there will be, a certain per tentage—an insurance
office could give you the precise figures—who will die per-
maturely. That is a matter of experience and calculation.
It follows, therefore, necessarily that in that class you will
have a certain amount of poverty and destitution. Yon will
have a certain number of children thrown upon your hands,
and the question will be what to do with them. I see only
three alternatives. One, of course, is the workhouse, I
think those who look round this room will see reasons
stronger than I can suggest why it is not expedient to leave
children in that position to that resource. (Hear, hear.) But
feeling apart, and as a mere matter of national economy, 1
should say that it was an unwise course. In this country
to pauperise a man is to degrade him. (Hear, hear.) It may
be right or wrong, but the fact is so. Poverty to a mode-
rate extent is a stimulus. But when a man gets to the very
bottom of the social scale, he is under fearful disadvantages
if he ever tries to make his way up ; and the same
remark applies still mere strongly to a woman. In addition
to that the workhouse training is bad, and on the whole I
think you will not require me to argue at length that you
would not like to see every orphan child of a warehouseman
or clerk left simply to the tender mercies of the union. The
second alternative is—Can or ought the employer to take
care of them ? The practical answer is very simple ; there
are some who can't, and a great many who won't. Though
I am the last to wish to discourage private liberality or mu-
nificence, still I do not think that it would be very desirable
that, as a general rule, there should be an expectation
created that wherever children were left orphans or desti •
tute, the employer should, as a matter of course, be bound
to take care of them. I will tell you why I think that would
not be a good general rule. We all know that men in that
class of life can only provide for their families by pinching,
by self-denial, by refusing themselves many little luxuries
and comforts. I think it would he not a wise thing, I think
it would be a premium on imprudence, if you were to put it
into men's heads to argue in this way, " Why should I
argue, and pinch myself, and be so careful to make provi-
sion for my family? If I live they will take care of them-
selves ; if I die I may look upon it as a matter of course that
my employer will take care of them; therefore anything I
lay by is saving his pocket and not mine." (Hear, hear.) If
you were to establish that as a general principle, the effect
would be to create a very general feeling of dependence and
imprudence, which two words mean the same among that
class. I put the alternative, therefore, out of the question.
It seems to me, then, that you are inevitably thrown back
on the resource of some institution such as that we are now

promoting. Ido not think it is open to the objection that
applies more or less to simple charity, the simple giving o
alms, because the leading idea of the institution is the corn,
bination of the principle of insurance with the principle of
charity, It is perfectly true that the help which is given is not
absolutely and strictly limited to the children of sub-
scribers ; but it is equally the fact, that, in all cases where
the merits are equal, children of subscribers will have the
preference. What virtually the institution says to persons
in that position is, if you will help yourselves we will help
you—(applause)--if you will make a certain provision for
your families in the event of your death, and being unable
to provide for them we will put something down; we will
for every shilling you put down put down another shilling,
and so we will help you, and encourage others to make a
similar provision. I can conceive it possible that men may
say, " Why in such a case aro you to give any help at all ?
Every man can and ought to insure his life, and no man has
a right to marry unless ho can make it reasonably certain
that he can provide fur the children whom he brings into
the world." My answer is that that is a thing very easy to
say, but not equally easy to enforce. Of course there is
truth in it; I do not deny that there is a certain practical
logical truth in it; and I freely admit that if all men were
perfectly wise and perfectly prudent there might probably
be no need of such an institution as that we are now sup-
porting. But that is not precisely the state of things in the
world in which we live. Men aro not machines. They are
not merely reasoning beings; they have passions and feel-
ings, and if you are to condemn every man who marries
upon small means or doubtful expectations, and if you are
to look into the biography of notable men in this country,
you will find that you are censuring many of those who have
subsequently held the highest positions, and done the most
eminent service to the State. (Applause.) And let this also
be remembered, and in this presence I merely touch upon
it, that if in one sense a family is a burden, in another
sense it is a stimulus to exertion and a moral restraint.
(Hear, hear.) Take the case, we all know it, of the army.
Soldiers, as a rule, cannot marry; moving about as our
army does from country to country, it is hardly possible
that they should. Here I won't say more ; but we all know
what the result of that is ; we all know that soldiers are not
worse than other men, but if in some respects they appear
to be worse, it is because they have not what most other
men have—the comforts of a home. (Hear.) I think, there-
fore, that you would be straining too far a sound economi-
cal rule, if you were—wherever a man marries upon uncer-
tain prospects, fails in his expectations, cannot make provi-
sion for his family, dies unexpectedly, and leaves that
family in distress—to say that you will punish, not him, for
he is beyond the reach of punishment, but them, by con-
signing them to total ruin. Further than that I should say
an institution of this kind is no real encouragement to im-
prudence. We cannot help, or pretend to help, all who want
assistance; we can help comparatively only a selected few.
We require, I suppose, in every case evidence of character;
we require in a great majority of cases to know that some
contributions have been made by the father; and if on the
one hand, we make it somewhat easier for a man to provide
for a future family by giving him these means of assisted
insurance, on the other hand we lead many men to make
provision for a family which they have, which provision
without such assistance they would not think of making, I
think you may fairly set one against the other. I have only
one word more to say as to the principle of the matter. In
cases of this kind experience is worth a great deal more
than theory, and we know there is hardly a trade, profes-
sion, or occupation in England which has not thought it
expedient to make some provision of this kind for its mem-
bers. I am speaking of London only, because it is the place
I know best. Literary men, artiste,
newspaper men, and
railway servants have done it, so have farmers, grocers,
gardeners, and licensed victuallers
; and I believe there
are many more of which I know nothing. Schools
founded on the principle of this are being founded every
year, and those that have been founded are regu-
larly and steadily supported. Of course I don't say that
is an absolute proof that we are right in the principles
we have adopted ; but I do say that when a large num-
ber of persons in different occupations, unconnected with
one another, all of them interested in the result, adopt the
same means to accomplish the same end, that is strong
prima facie evidence at least that a
general want is felt, and
that there is a general agreement as to the manner in which
that want ought to be supplied. (Hear, hear.) I do not
carry it further, but it Seems to me that argument is sound
as far as it goes. Speaking
in this company, I need say
nothing as to the union of classes as to the duties the rich
owe to the poor, or to the expediency of obtaining, as far as
you can, the support and good feeling of those who work
with you. Everybody knows that gratitude and goodwilli
are not things which can be bought with money, but so fa
as money can help to buy them that is the beat investment
of his capital which even a Manchester man can make.
(Hear, and laughter.)
Just ono word before I sit down, on
matters of practical detail. These schools have existed for
eight years ; there have been 61 children elected, the num-
ber now in the school is 31, The income, excluding special
donations, is about 41,000 a year, and there is a reserve
fund of £1,500, which I hope we shall not touch. The im-
mediate necessity is to obtain money for a new building.
I believe the schools have been carefully attended to, and
as far as possible under the circumstances, economically
worked. But there is a saying that nothing succeeds like
success, and the converse of the saying is equally true that
nothing is so expensive as poverty. (Hear, hear.) The cost
of the staff of the house, what may be called the fixed ex-
penditure, has been, 1 believe, very nearly as heavy in the
case of these schools as if they contained double the number,
(Hear.) Therefore, it is a mere matter of economy to re-
duce that expenditure per head by doubling the capacity of
the scho Is. (Applause.) I think you will see from what I
have said, there is plenty of room for any exertion you will
be inclined to make. I rejoice to see that many of the leading
names of Manchester aro associated with this movement.
I see some present; our president, Sir James Watts; Mr
Ponder, Dr Fairbairn, and I might mention others who
when they once take a thing in hand, are not in the habit
of letting it drop through. (Hoar, hear.) Ido not believe
that it is the practice in Manchester to give to any cause, or
to any institution, a merely idle and nominal patronage;
and I am quite sure that those who have given their names
on this occasion as stewards will give something more sub-
stantial. Though this is comparatively a small matter, I
confidently believe that in this, as in every other
matter, Manchester will not ,forfeit, but rather increase,
that great name of judicious liberality she has obtained
during the two years of the cotton famine. Pardon me for
detaining you so long, and let me ask you to join with me
in drinking, with all the honours, prosperity to these