The Sun.
London, England, 1855-10-12 00:00:00

ho nourable conduct of the War we should
wi [lingly sacrifice the use of Russian produce,
au .d submit to any privations which it would
er ciail.

Once more, then, we trust, that we may hence-
forward be spared the infliction of such letters,
which only occasion a very useless trouble to the
writers, and a very needless annoyance to our-
s alves.

It is an honour, not a disparagement, to his
Royal Highness the Duke of CAMBRIDGE, to
ascribe his reception at Liverpool to his connection
with the army much more than to his connection
with Royalty. The Mayor, in giving his health,
justly observed that there was no need to allude
to personal qualities which had obtained for their
possessor a deserved popularity ; what interested
the people at this time was, " to see one so nearly
I allied to our beloved SOVEREIGN sharing with his
Isoldiers all the hardships of the campaign." His
!Royal Highness is now cheered by every assembly
he meets, from the same feeling which makes
every village and every cottage proud of the
wounded man, or the invalid, who revisits the
land of his birth after having shared the dangers
land the glories of the Alma, of Balaklava, and of
Inkerman. The Duke was known not only to
have been a Crimean Hero, and to have com-
manded in every battle in which the English were
prominently engaged, but to have been also an
active Soldier's friend in the Hospital and the
Commissariat—to have been, in a word, devoted to
the entire duties of his profession. The Duke
openly acknowledged the defective condition of
our army compared with that of the French for
commencing the campaign, attributed it to the
French continued experience in Algeria, and to
our having starved the Naval and Military de-
partments during 40 years of peace ; but, though
we are not disposed to mingle criticisms with
festal rejoicings, we cannot think a service starved
which costs the country some 16 or 17 millions
lannually, nor that India has been a school of
practice inferior to Algeria itself. France, how-
ever, knows no difference between her Algerine
and home armies, unless it be to honour and
trust the former more ; nor does she, on their re-
turn, consign them, except by courtesy, to the
rank of civilians.

The great lesson of the banquet, however, is
from the locality and the audience. While given
to the Duke of CAMBRIDGE, and attended by Lord
DERBY, Lord HARDWICK; and others of the
aristocracy, of course the merchants of Liverpool
were the class whose sentiments were represented
by their MAYO; and responded to by the noble
and military guests. Moreover, the illumination
of the town was splendid and general, notwith-
standing the unfortunate rain of the evening.
The CZAR may learn, therefore, with ease the real
sentiments of our traders and merchants. He
may compare Mr. BRIGHT'S orations on his own
humanity and honesty, and on the horrors of
taxation, with the successive speeches by which
the Mayor of the English Odessa introduced the
healthy of his military guests. He may ask him-
self, if he will, whether the Governor of Odessa,
or the head of the merchants in that place—if
such personage there be—could elicit the same
unconstrained response to a repeated demand for
a vigorous prosecution of the War. A sordid and
cunning Greek merchant might, indeed, in the
land of the knout and beneath the Lord of Siberia,
say anything known to be acceptable ; but the
CZAR must feel that the merchants of his Liver-
pool wish that he and his war had sunk with
the last of his Black Sea navy.
How different at Liverpool. Not a town in the
kingdom which feels more sensibly the effect of
War on trade—not a town which is more affected
by the rise of discount at the Bank, and the fall
of Consols ; yet, with the Bank asking 51- per
cent., and understood to intend asking 6, Liver-
pool has no sympathy with Mr. COBDEN'S falling
back on the Vienna Note, with Mr. BRIGHT'S
falling foul of every movement in the War, or
with Mr. GLADSTONE'S finding a superfine meta-
physical basis for peace in the last Vienna pro-
posals. Lord DERBY will, too, be able to inform
his late Chancellor of the Exchequer, and he
again the editor of the Press, that in the judg-
ment of Liverpool merchants the objects of the
War are not yet attained, and that the second
commercial port in the kingdom prefers all
the War taxes, and all the interruption to trade,
such as it is, to patching up a peace with Russia
on any terms yet to be obtained. All this after
we have seen what one Sebastopol, or half Sebas-
topol has cost, proves beyond mistake that the
commercial courage of the country is the worthy
associate of its military courage. Trade and
agriculture at home are willing to pay for tho
battles of liberty and civilisation, if our brave
soldiers are willing to fight them.
This universal feeling is to be attributed, we
believe, to one opinion, and to one only—the
universal opinion, that the War is one of the most
just and necessary in which England was ever
engaged ; the opinion also that Russia must be
shorn of much of her ill-gotten territory and
strength before she can be safely left again to her-
self. Not enough yet—is the universal sentiment,
in regard to Bomarsund, Sweaborg, the Sea of
Azoff, and Southern Sebastopol. Well so far—
but the unprofessional common sense of every
Englishman plainly understands that this kind of
work must be carried much further. He could
wish it done more quickly—but, quickly or slowly,
done it must be. Odessa, Nicolaieff, and Sher-
son he ranks with the Crimea as indispensable
pledges of security for the Euxine, nor will he
feel easy if Russia be allowed after the War to
threaten the Danube from Ismail and Bessarabia.
Circassia he considers a settled question, and he
knows that Russia holds more of Asia than is
either tight or expedient.

Unless we are much mistaken, too, there is a
serious conviction that Poland and the Baltic
ought to be emancipated. It is felt that all this
fortress-building betrays a guilty
purpose. That
Cronstadt would never have
been made what it
la, unless it had been known that the unmasking
of Sebastopol would bring an English navy into
the Baltic. Vast numbers who know little of
the particulars of the frontier strength which the
CZARS have created by the robbery of civilised
territories yet know that they have done it ;
that CATHERINE and .ALEKANDER, and, more
lately, NICHOLAS, were outrageous and cruel
offenders in that line. The universal sentiment
is, if we mistake not, that all the Russian wrong-
doing should now be put right, once and for ever.
That it will be, eventually, the cheapest, as well
as the most rational mode. Hence the intelligent
patience with taxation. What some deride as
enthusiastic and visionary, and crusading on be-
half of oppressed nationalities, is, we suspect, the
unexpressed, but the real aim of the practical
many. Their wish is to see Russia effectually
humbled. Were we to catechise them as to
whether her retention of this territory or that,
this fortress or that, from Cronstadt to Ismail, or
Batoum, were compatible with effectual humilia-
tion, we imagine the successive answers would
show that it was meant that Russia should lose
everything but Russia. - -

This national sentiment is altogether in accord-

ance with our own, and our Government will be
wise to act accordingly. Odessa, Nicolaieff, and
Kherson are now more important to Prince
GORTSCHAKOFF than the North of Sebastopol and
the line of the Tchernaya. Deprive him of that
basis and he must starve. Destroy it, and he
will soon be obliged to move without the Allies
firing a gun. Our navy, too, can be doing this,
while the army is attending to military duties.
But for Sir JAMES GRAHAM, and his like-minded
successor, Odessa would have been a ruin before
now, and Sebastopol have surrendered months
before.

The present War commends itself so strongly
to the national feeling, on the ground of right as
well as expediency, that the public look with
eagerness for expressions of sympathy, where
active co-operation may not reasonably be expected,
from all countries where the principle of freedom
is in any degree developed, and are proportionally
disappointed according to the extent of that de-
velopment, when such expressions are withheld
or sympathy with Russia is proclaimed in their
place. This, it is needless to remark, is perfectly
natural, but, as with other expectations of a
similar kind, the public, in case of disappoint-
ment, will do well to exercise a discreet forbear-
ance, and, by taking care to acquaint themselves,
as far as they are able, with the causes and real
extent of the neutral or hostile feelings at which
they feel aggrieved, insure themselves against
falling into serious error.
And especially will they do well to follow this
counsel in regard to the United States of America,
to which at the outset of the War they confidently
looked for moral, if not for material, support, and
from which it may be said they have got less of
either than of their opposites. For, after all, it
must be remembered that though America by
descent is essentially British, and possessed to a
large extent of that love of individual liberty and
free institutions more or less inherent in the
Anglo-Saxon race—by constitution she is partially
Russian. As a recent writer remarks, " she is
Anglo-Saxon in her history, and Slavonic is her
experience. Commercially she is allied with
' England, geographically with Russia. It might
almost be said that America contains an England
and a Russia within her borders, for the republi-
can cities of the north can scarcely regard with
indifference our contest with an encroaching des-
potism, whilst the planters of the south see in the
preponderance of Russia, though they could not
themselves explain how, a defence of slavery.
They are simply conscious that there is very much
in common between the serflom of Novgorod and
I Tamboff, and the slavery of Alabama and Vir-
ginia." It is not muoh to be wondered at, there-
fore, that, with such antagonistic principles at war
within her boundaries, expressions of hostile feel-
ing should occasionally reach us from across the
Atlantic, and that those of sympathy should be
, rare and feeble.

And the less surprise will be felt when other
circumstances are taken into account. America,
it should not be forgotten, is the most active and
and powerful commercial rival we have, and it is
next to impossible for close competition to exist
without engendering some degree of jealousy and
ill-will, which naturally finds expression on every
eligible opportunity. The Celtic element too can-
not be expected to be idle, or to fail in operating
prejudicially against us. Distance is said to
"lend enchantment to the view ;" but the only
enchantment it lends to this country in the
eyes of Irishmen in America is that required
to distort or caricature her every feature. The
ill-advised interference of a portion of the British
public in the slave question, it is well known,
gave rise to a bitterness of feeling towards us
which can hardly have subsided, and which, there-
fore, may fairly be taken into consideration also,
for of all grounds of ill-feeling commend us to
attacks on the " domestic institutions" of Ame-
rica as the most prolific. ' In addition to all this,
it should be recollected that the scum of the
American political world is ever on the surface—
that the noisiest and least scrupulous politicians
most largely avail themselves of the facilities for
good and evil offered by the Press—and that the
pirates whose descent on Cuba we, in alliance
with Franco, continue to baulk, could hardly fail
to tender their mouthing sympathies, if not their
active support, to Russia, as the enemy of their
enemy. All things considered, then, it will be
seen there is not so much cause for disappoint-
ment as was generally believed—that, in point of
fact, we estimated America too highly, and ex-
pected more from her than we had a right to do.
While confessing this error, however, the opposite
blunder must be avoided. Because so little sym-
thy with, and so much hostility to us has been
expressed, we must not come to the con-
clusion that this is a fair representation of
America. On the
everye reason
liEgin
to believe that the
e theon tsrtaartye, ofth e publicrthere
is
great majority of the American people are with
us in heart, and consequently, to say the least,
indisposed to take part against us. This much,
at all events, is certain, France and Englani can,
and will, accomplish the great work they have in
hand, and thereby immortalise the present era in
both their histories without the aid of America,
however much, or little sooner, they might have
done so with it. The honour will be all theirs,
though America will reap quite as much of the
material advantages.

DEPARTURE OF PART OF TRE BLACK
SEA FLEET FOR NAPLES.

We extract the following important intelligence
from a letter just received from Constantinople,
dated Oct. 1 :

"The intelligence we have received from the English
fleet mentions the adoption of a rather important mea-
sure. Four ships of the line are to leave the Black Sea
for the Mediterranean, viz , the Albion, 90 guns, Capt.
Drummond ; Rodney, 90 ; London, 90, Captain Jones ;
Queen, 116, bearing the flag of Admiral Stopford. These
four vessels are accompanied by two of inferior size,
viz., the Wasp, screw corvette, and the Leander, sailing
frigate. The Albion is replaced pro tem. by the Queen
oa the station at Constantinople. The Wasp sailed
oy yesterday, without coming to anchor, and subse-
quently entered the Sea of Marmora. A report, well ac-
credited, induce us to believe that these men,of-war, de-
tached from the English fleet, will not proceed to Eng-
land immediately, bat they are destined to assume a
menacing attitude in the Bay of Naples, under the com-
mand of Admiral Stopford.

RETIREMENT OF GENERAL MARKHAM.

G eTnhe
e r
alfollowing
farewell
arkhani t
to
the
onb, y L
on
hisieu te
giving
t.
up the-command :
"The Lieutenant-General being about to leave the
Crimea for England, in consequence of the state of his
health, cannot part from the division he has had the
honour to command without expressing to the officers,
non-commissioned officers, and men, his thanks for the
manner in which everything has been conducted during
the time he has been commanding them, and he confi-
dently trusts that during the ensuing six months nothing
will be left undone to confirm the discipline and good
and cheerful feeling at present existing in the division.
"By order.
(Signed) "R WILBRAHAM,
"Assistant Adjutant-General.'

No intelligence respecting the proceedings of the
fleet before Odessa has been received in Paris. Very
important intelligence is, however, expected in official
quarters, but not before Saturday.
The Marquis de Modena and Captain Leyland and
Mrs. Leyland have arrived at the Clarendon, fromi:/orn-
dovon Lodge, N.B.
Lord and Lady George Quin have arrived at their re•
sidence, in Belgrave-square, from YorkOire.