The Sun.
London, England, 1852-11-30 00:00:00

LITERATURE.

A Treatise on the Law and Practice of Copyhold
Enfranchisement ; with all the Statutes, Forms,
and a copious Index. By GEORGE WINGROVE
COOKE, of the Middle Temple, Barrister,, Author
of Treatises on " Rights of Common," "Inclo-
sures," " Agricultural Tenancies," &c. Stevens
and Norton. London, 1852.
Mr. Wingrove Cooke has made the . subject of
Agricultural Law Reforms very much his own, and
has had no small share in the preparation of the
Acts by which they have been carried out. The
plan of this work is to make the Copyhold Enfran-
chisement Acts comprehensible, and to enable
every country attorney thoroughly to use the
whole machinery. In one hundred and sixty pages
the author gives an epitome of the whole law
relating to manors, fines, fees, heriots, services, and
all other incidents to his subject. He then prints
the four statutes at length, axinotapng every clause
and collating each provision. A very copious
Index completes the work.
The Lord or Steward of a manor, or the Enfran-
chising Copyholder who does not buy and read this
book, will certainly be taken at a disadvantage 17
him who has done so.

The Marvels of Science. By S. W. Fullom. Secon
edition. Colburn.
It is not surprising that this work has so rapidlY
reached a second edition, when we call to mind the
interest and importance of its subject, and the very
delightful manner in which that subject is treated.
In a style most vivid, and even eloquent,
the many marvels of science are here set
before us in a way that cannot fail at once
to impress the imagination of the enthusiastic,
and to enlighten the intellect of the uninformed.
A mere enumeration ,willme of the subjects intro-
duced in this volume, be sufficient to indicate
its important and interesting character. The mar-
vels of the celestial world, the sun, the stars, the
comets, and the milky way first astonish, as at
every fresh investigation they cannot fail more and
more to astonish the inquirer. Electricity, the
thermometer, the prism, the steam-engine, the rain-
bow, the tides, the various wonders of the animal
and vegetable kingdoms, and the human
com-
plexion, and the race of man ; these are only some
among the wonders of which Mr. Fawn
speaks. He has given, moreover, no dry epitome
of facts, and yet he has contrived to introduce into
his very effective descriptions sufficient informa-
tion to render the " marvels"more comprehensible,
and consequently more attractive to those general
readers who are not already
mysteries of science. deeply versed in the
Weo can imagine no more
delightful introduction to
that study than is
afforded by this charming work, while from those
who, having already passed the threshold, can
better appreciate the unexplored wonders of the
realms of knowledge. Mr. Fullom's treatise cannot
fail to receive its due meed of admiring
tion. commonda-

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT,

HOUSE OF COMMONS—(YESTERDAY).
(Continued from our Third Edition of last night.)

Sir A. COCKBURN having explained to the house
the discovery, at the County Tavern, Derby, o
the letter signed "W. 8.," proceeded to say—.
Besides this, the police found upon the man two
cards, similar to the one he held in his hand, which had
been delivered by Radford to Flewker, with the address
of "J. Morgan, Shrewsbury." This man was brought
before the magistrates, and when there he made no
secret of the business he had been engaged upon--
he admitted frankly that the book did contain the
names of voters who had received sums of money
from him, and others who were yet to be paid, and
he added, " after all it is but a very small affair, that the
voters were satisfied with 2/. or 3/. a piece, but at
Shrewsbury two votes would be worth as much as 20 in
Derby." (Hear, hear, and a laugh.) There was one
thing he (Sir A. Cockburn) thought perfectly clear from
this statement—that this man Morgan was at the
time engaged in corrupting the voters at Derby by means
of bribery. (Hear, hear.) That was a point which
admitted of no doubt. (Cheers.) But then came the
far more important and the more painful question. How
far, on the evidence of this man, the right hon. gentle-
man the Secretary at War was to be considered as hav-
ing been accessory to this work of corruption ? This
letter he had read, had been sworn to be in the hand-
writing of the right hon. gentleman. It was found in
an envelope addressed to Mr. John Frail, clerk of the
course, Shrewsbury, and bore the impress of the seal
and postmark which, to some extent, went to show that
the letter was a genuine one. (Cheers.) But beyond
this, the right hon. gentleman had never denied that
the letter was genuine, and he took it that it
must be assumed to be so. And, if so, how far did
the letter implicate the right hon. gentleman ? One
thing cannot fail to strike the most casual observer. That
was, that this man went to the place, where he was
committing this bribery, by the direction and at the
instance of this letter of the right hon. gentleman's.
(Hear.) The letter, it would be observed, contained a.
course of explicit directions, and it would be found that
Morgan, the briber, complied with those directions so
given, to the most minutel particular. The letter di-
rected that a man should be sent from Shrewsbury to
Derby immediately on its being received. Now, the
letter was dated on the Monday and not the Tuesday
morning. Morgan was seen on the platform of the
railway station at Shrewsbury, ready to start by the
8 o'clock train. That train, however, did not go by
way of Stafford, and he was obliged to wait for a later
train, which was the earliest that would arrive at Derby.
The next direction was that that he should go to the
County Tavern, which he would find in the centre of the
town ; and on his arrival went immediately and estab-
lished himself there, and the County Tavern became
the scene of acting, and the place where the bribery
was carried on. Next, the man was directed to send
his card to Cox, Brothers, and Co., lead works. On this
point he had the statement of the landlord of the inn,
given with great reluctance, for the man was a staunch
partisan, and not willing to give evidence against his
party if he could avoid it ; but he stated that no sooner
had Morgan arrived at the inn, than he gave a card to
him to take to Mr. Cox, at the lead works, which he
gave to the ostler, who delivered it to Cox. Then the
letter directed that the card should bear the address
" Chester," and on the card which he (Sir Alexander
Cockburn) had in his hand, and which, in all human pro-
bility, was the one sent to the lead works—on that card,
as well as on the one seized by the police, there was the
address, "Chester." All the directions, then, were
obeyed to the very letter. Another observation on this
part of the case. It was quite impossible that this
letter could have been written by the right hon. gentle-
man without previous concert with the parties at
Derby—that was with Radford and the others. In
the first place, the right honourable gentleman
could not himself have known the County Tavern,
or that it was a place that would afford the necessary
facilities ; but Radford, it could be shown, was a gene-
ral frequenter of that tavern. Nor was it likely the
writer of the letter would have directed the man to send
the card to Mr. Cox, at the lead works, on his arrival,
unless there had been some preconcerted arrangement
by which the card, on being sent there, would be certain
to do its office. He next turned to the letter, to see if
it threw any light on the object for which the man was
to be sent from Shrewsbury to Derby, and for which all
this machinery was set in action. And the first thing
that struck him, as showing the animus of the writer,
was—for what legitimate purpose was a perfect stranger
to be sent all the way from Shrewsbury to Derby—a dis-
tance of seventy miles ? If a safe man for the election
was all that was required, could no such man be found
in Derby, or in any of the neighbouring towns ? The
experience which they have all had in the cases in which
systematic bribery had been brought to light must
have made them acquainted with the fact that when
wholesale bribery is about to take place, it was always a
stranger that was brought into play. The presence of a
stranger was always less suspicious, and if you succeeded
in cutting off the trail, detection was less likely to follow,
and was sometimes impossible. Any article would, there-
fore, be used for cutting off the trail in a case like this.
Then came the next question—why was a false address
used ? (Hear, hear.) Every one knew that if a stranger
could be got for the purpose of bribery, and he could leave
the place without leaving any trace behind him, detection
was so far less easy. No one wanted a false address for a
legitimate purpose. If you wanted, after a man had done
his work, to cut off all chances of following him, then
one of the means would be for him to give a
false address. He (Sir A. Cockburn) then asked for
what purpose did this man give a false address ? Nothing
was so common as for a guilty man to endeavour to
shroud himself from detection by shrinking from creating
ordinary suspicion, and he could only say that if the
right hon. gentleman laboured under any suspicion, he
had only himself to thank for having been accused of a
guilty purpose. He (Sir A. Cockburn) looked back on
all this as part of a combination ; and he would take the
liberty of putting this case : He had himself assisted in
the administration of justice, and he saw before and
around him a number of legal friends who were equally
accustomed to do so ; and, at the same time, he ob-
served many hon. gentlemen, who, in different districts
of the country, were in the habit of assisting in the admi-
nistration of criminal justice ; and he would put to them
the case of a man taken, flagrante de2icto, and on him was
found a letter directing him to a certain place, directing
him what to do when he got there, and putting him in
communication with a person who was to instruct him
with regard to the result of the work he was about to do,
and directing him to assume a disguise to prevent detec-
tion ; and if on a criminal trial the party writing the
letter was charged with being an accessory before the
fact, would it not be the duty of a judge to tell the jury
that [such facts, unanswered and unexplained, was evi-
dence of complicity 1 He said only if unanswered or
unexplained ! Heaven forbid that he should say that the
present case was not capable of being answered or ex-
plained ; all he meant to say was, that demandeditehe
had often
in-
quiry. In his long professional e
what seemed an irresistible seen how appearances.. mitihglhetadnedceoivxleervv,enahneericmhionwg
case,often,
thine
introduction of new facts put the matter in a new light.
He did not say that this was not such
a case, but he did
saywhich demanded sifting and inquiry,
n
would not be satisfied without
such an
which
inquiry.
(Hear.) But for the circumstances
t
public
mind
case
wasnow about to advert, he should
thatthat it
the was
a aohe
leave the case here, satisfied that he had done enough to
induce the house think it worthy of an inquiry. But
there were other circumstances which rendered in ne-
cessary to go further. The right. hon. gentleman had
spoken out, and declared at a meeting of his constituents
that the facts which he had stated were the result of a
conspiracy and infamous fraud, and that the case against
him was supported by fraud and perjury ; and he (Sir./
Cockburn) had heard from all quarters that the friends
of the right hon. gentleman declared that the letter
found on Morgan, even if genuine, had referencen.ot
wasto
the election of 1852 and
, but to a prior election,
lities of office, land therefore
of the
house to rake it up. (H
ear)
written when he was not fettered with thfeairrespanodnsuibni
un-
generous to visit him with the ictonws
an o
eas qencleds.anldf
staletha
transaction,
hypothesis were true, and if this was. he agreed that it wsoualvidnbge
hear thorthiys
app
tioners to brimth
lied to by the peti.
he (Sir lA. Cockburn) wasbefore the house, he felt it in-
cumbent his mind whether there wan
a conspiracy against the
right hon. gentleman,
or that the letter in question
priorre-
ferred to 1852. Not only was such
foun Zantio hmi n
for ethg caseea r satisfy
fY as
any
ferred to an election
honan. gentleman,tofifind
that b
het
ithad been
a course
for nothing would give himgreater
mortification to himself ;
rightet than
mortification an
the instrument of carrying out
due to tdheregr
a base and villain-
outmade
the right hon. gentleman.
plot against He had to
satisfy his own mind on the point, and he found that
materials were not wanting to guide him in the investi-
gation, for the charge of conspiracy having been con•
coded, had put every one in Derby on his mettle.
Mr. Flewker, and those who had adopted his infor-
mation, were anxious to throw light on the matter,
and to obtain information in order to show whether
the letter which was in Morgan's possession row
ferred to the election of 1852 or to a prior election. Hip
had found on inquiry that it appeared that the right hon.
gentleman had corresponded with Mr. Flewker on a
previous occasion with regard to an election at Derby,
but he was satisfied that the letter in question had no
reference to any election previous to 1848. It appeared
that the right honourable gentleman had not interfered
in the election for Derby in 1847, and that Mr. Frail
was a stranger to that borough so far as electioneeringon
matters were concerned, till 1848. It was
important
pso by ttltioe
make this clear, and he should be able to
himself. Mr.
correspondence of the right
hon. gentleman
for Derby in 1847,
Strutt and Mr. Gower were returned
their return. The
and a petition was presented against
to for his assistance in
right hon. gentleman was appliesnd lie wrote to Mr. Flewket
carrying out that petition, a
1849 "Ashbury-park
on the 21st of November,
letter in
I received your London yea-
Dear sir,
was starting. I should think it a
terday, just as I
good thing, indeed,
to unseat Mr. Strutt for Derby."
did
He (Sir A. Cockburn) notcomplain of that.
were all influenced by kindly and amiable feelings to-
'wards each other ; but when they came to an election
they were not over nice. The letter went on—" But I
fear that I have not the means of accepting your pro-
posal, as I have not funds at my disposal, just after the
expenditure attending a general election, to pay the costs
of the petition." He (Sir A. Cockburn) supposed that,
after this election, considering the number of petitions,
the funds were more flourishing. (Hear.) "If you get
up a case, and a subscription for the purpose, I can pro.
aubtaiption of IQQ but I mut do !mot% $