The Sun.
London, England, 1864-01-05 00:00:00

11IPED ....sd.

The Earl of CARNARVON—That would give the visiting
justices entire discretion to scratch out every line of the
report, and ho should place not only himself but the com-
mittee and the Court in a false position i t he agreed to such
a proposition. (Hear, hear.) On the other hand, if the pro-
position of Mr. Esdaile did not go so far, it was only assert-
ing, in other words, what had been assumed. He did not
think that there was anything unreasonably binding on the
justices in his resolution, and believed that it conveyed every
reasonable latitude that ought to be given. It had been
stated that when the report was laid on the table a promise
was given that the subject should be brought forward in a
string of resolutions. No such promise had been given by
him, brat he would go so far as to say that such had been his
intention, and he should have done so had the chairman of
the justices been able to meet, and had he not been driven
to the necessity of acting for himself on account of the pres-
sure of time. The whole point of Lord Cholmondeley's ob-
servations was this, that it was unwise to pledge the Court
by the adoption of this report to any precise details. But
the Court were not drawing up an act of Parliament or ape •
cifying every little detail which might be necessary for car-
rying out the scheme. (Hear, hear.) This was a matter
between the C‘surt and the justices. If they accepted in a
frank manner the spirit of these recommendations all petty
questions of detail might be easily and satisfactorily settled.
If the justices met with difficulties the Court might assist
in removing those difficulties ,by enlarging their powers.
The proposals which had been made for agreement were
almost identical with this resolution, and if they only
meant that they were superfluous and worse than super-
fluous, because they would throw suspicion on the re-
ports, and imply that there was some secondary motive
beyond that which was apparent, he believed the adop•
tion of the amendments would be injurious to the re-
port. They were of two classes. The first and the
third referred to matters of detail, and they were
scarcely worthy of objection; with regard to the plank
beds, he never had any intention of binding the justices
down to any particular number. All he desired was that
the experiment should be tried. (Hear, hear.) But the other
two points were of great importance—the questions of
evening instruction and the chapel arrangements. With
regard to the question of instruction, the proposition of the
justices was this—that the whole or a portion of such in-
struction could not be advantageously given in the evening.
The proposition in the report was not to give instruction in
the day, but in the evening. Now he was at a loss to un-
derstand what objection could be urged to evening instruc-
tion. That system was a practical one, It had been tried
and it had succeeded. In the Irish convict prisons it had
been the practice to limit instruction to the evenings, and
every one knew that the system had answered. And he
could, from personal inquiry, bear testimony to the fact that
such a system was agreeable to the prisoners. But he would
go a step further, and say that he objected to instruction
being given in the day. Instruction given during working
hours was vicious in principle. These hours ought to be
devoted to work and nothing but work. Prisoners were
committed to prison not to be educated, but in the first in-
stance to be punished. Punishment was the primary con-
s deration, Instruction ought only to be a secondary one.
(Hear.) The Court had always shown a deference for the
opinion of Parliament, and when they found that two
bodies differently constituted—a committee of the House of
Lords and a Royal commission, presided over by Lord
Grey—had without concert and communication come to
an identical recommendation with respect to evening
instruction, he thought that fact ought to have considerable
weight with the Court. (Hear, hear.) With regard to the
chapel the visiting justices recommended that no steps
should be taken. The report recommended that with a
view to render communication more difficult the Court
should agree to re-stall the chapel, but supposing the ex-
pense too heavy to be incurred at this moment they sug-
gessted that the alternate seats should be vertical. But
the recommendaton and the alternative had both been re-
jected by the justices, although they admitted they present
system to be unsatisfactory. It had been said that the car-
rying out of the report would be attended with great ex-
pense, but he entertained a very different opinion, and
entered into some statistics to show tha., the amount ex.
pended in the employment of an increased number of officers
to carry out a really deterrent system would be more than
compensated by the reductions in the number of recommit-
tals. To show how lightly the present system was treated,
the noble earl mentioned an instance in which a labourer
on his release from Winchester, on being asked what he
thought of the treatment, replied, "You can hardly tell how
goodnatured and kind and civil they are, they weighed my
food for me every morning ; they came every day and asked
if I had anything to complain of and if I desired any alte-
ration to be made ; and if it had not been for the desire of
seeing my wife and family I should have had no objection

Last evening the Chancellor of the Exchequer
delivered an address to the members of the reading-
room at Buckley, Flintshire. Sir Stephen Glynne
occupied the chair, and the room was well filled.
Mr. Gladstone, after referring to the immediate
object which had called them together—the inau-
guration of a working-man's reading-room—said
there was a striking resemblance between the na-
tural habits of animals and men. It was natural
for the animal to divide its time between labour,
food, and slaep. So it ought to be with man ; but
man ought also to give a portion of his time to in-
tellectual pursuits. What were the competitors
with these institutions for the employment of the
spare time of the labouring man P There was the
public-house, and, though he would not speak in
extrema language of those houses, as was the prac-
tice of some, they would no doubt agree with him
that the public-house was not a desirable place for
a labouring man to spend that portion of his time
which was not required for food or sleep, and that
schools and reading-rooms were greatly preferable.
Having spoken further upon the general question
of the utility of working men's educational institu-
tions of the kind they were then inaugurating, he
dwelt upon the means which working men
generally possessed for forming them. He ob-
served that Englishmen were not by far so
thrifty as the inhabitants of Scotland and
Wales ; but not only were Englishmen less
thrifty than Seotchmen or Welshmen, bat they were
less thrifty than the French labouring man, while
the latter got 20 to 30 per cent. less weges than the
former. It had been for many years the desire and
effort of the legislature of this country to do what
they could to induce the labouring classes of this
country to be thrifty and careful, and with this ob-
ject they had established the Post-office Savings
Banks, so that nothing now was wanting but the
disposition to be provident, and that disposition, al-
though it could not be supplied by an Act of Parlia-
ment, might be greatly encouraged by such facili-
tiesfor investment as those to which he had referred.
They could not possibly confer upon men of an
independent free community like ours a greater
blessing than that of enabling them to serve and
help themselves. The right hon. gentleman referred
at some length to the virtue of thrift, recommending
it for the reasons that it enabled labouring men to
put out their children to trades and businesses, and
also prepared them for a rainy day. Savings banks
had been in existence for nearly a quarter of a cen•
tury, and £40,000,000 had been deposited with them
—that amount being almost entirely the property of
the working classes. Post-office savings banks had
now been established with the object not of rivalling
any other institution, but of encouraging as much as
possible the efforts of the working classes to cave
their money and to secure for themselves a safe
depository for their savings. These bulks, of which
here were 3,000 in the country, were exactly adapted
to the requirements of the labouring population,
who did not want to deposit any but small sums, and
who, having perhaps no secure place in which to
keep their money, could place it there, where it
woutd not be taken away, as it might be when
temptation came if kept in the house. Another
advantage which these banks presented was that,
while there were 3,000 of them, the depositor put
his money into but one bank. The Bank of England
had branches in different parts of the country into
which persons might pay money and receive it at
any other bank. So it was with these 3,000 Post-
office Savings Banks. If a man put money into
any one of these 3,000 banks, he could draw it out
from any other of them. When first the system was
introduced it was not liked, because some people
said that the Government wanted the people to take
their money to the Post-office Savings Bank, and
then the Government, knowing how much money
the labouring classes possessed, would impose some
tax or other which did not then exist. But the fact
was, that the Post-office authorities, although they
had to receive the money, dare not tell anybody the
amount deposited. There was therefore no oppor-
tunity for the inland revenue officer to know the
exact amount deposited, and then report it to Govern-
ment. One thing which kept some people away from
these banks was a fear that they coulu not make their
deposits without the risk of their accounts being
peeped into by other people. He clld not believe
the old savings banks were very particular about
this, for they had not the means of enforcing the
strictest secresy, because it was desirable that
the trustees and managers should be cognisant
of the deposits made. In the Post-office Savings
Banks the Legislature had endeavoured to meet
this difficulty as much as possible, and only one
person, the postmaster, was authorised to see the
accounts, while he was forbidden by law to disclose
to any one the names of depositors. Some people did
not like Post-office Saving Banks, as he had before
observed, because the Government would try
to ascertain through them how much more taxing
the people could bear ; but he considered himself
guiltless of any scheme of that kind, and if there
had been any such intention on the part of the
Government, the law would have been that the post-
master should make a return to the Inland Revenue
Office of the amounts deposited. One great benefit
in connection with the Post-office Savings Banks
was, that all the property of the country was liable
for the depositors' money, and if one, ten, twenty,
or fifty postmasters were to run away with the
money in their hands, the depositors would not be
affected in the slightest degree. His total would
remain exactly where it was, and his money would
be repaid him, notwithstanding the default of the
postmaster. After some further remarks, the right
hon. gentleman concluded amidst loud applause.

REPORTED Loss OF A LARGE PASSENGER
SHlP.—Advices were received on Saturday report-
ing the supposed loss, it was believed, of a large passenger
ship in the vicinity of the Orkneys. The wreck has the
appearance of having been a large class vessel, but nothing
has been communicated as to her name. A number of dead
bodies are stated to have been found in a kind of cave, as if
washed in by the sea. A quantity of wreck has also been
cast ashore.

ADVERTISEMENT.]—Avoid medicines: they always aggra-
vate chronic complaints, but Du Barry's Delicious Health
Restoring Revslents Arabica Food, which saves fifty times
its cost in other remedies, invariably cures them, restoring
perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver,
pure blood, refreshing sleep, functional regularity, and energy
to the most disordered or enfeebled. We extract a few out
of 60,000 Cures :—Cure No. 58,216 of the Marchioness de
Brehan, Paris, of a liver complaint, wasting away for seven
years, debility, with a nervous palpitation all over, bad
digestion, constant sleeplessness, the molt intolerable nervous
agitation, and dreadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lord
Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of many years'
dyspepsia.—No. 49,832. "Fifty years' indescribable aony
from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation,
flatulency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Jolly."
—Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of
thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derange •
ment, and partial deafness.—Cure No. 47,121.
herings Miss Eliza ,
low
beth
Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gat
spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure No. 54,816. The Rev. Jas
T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, "of indigestion and torpi-
dity of the liver, which had resiste i all medical treatment."
In tins, 1 lb., 2s. 9d. ; 21b., 4s. 6d ; 51b., 11. s. ; i2lb., 228. ;
40s.—Barry Du Barry and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, London ;
also Fortnum and Mason ; and all Grocers and Chmisto
is
every town of the United Kingdom.

BUCKS COUNTY ELECTION,

AYLESBURY, Jan. 4.

The official declaration alto poll was made in the County
Hall this morning. The room was well filled, and Mr.
Harvey was supported, as on the day of nomination, by a
strong and influential body of friends.
The High cherifl (Mr. P. C. LOVETT) said it now became
his duty to declare the result of the polling., which wa, as
follows :

. .
Harvey
Lee 313

Msjority for Harvey
The numbers were received with loud cheering from Mr.
Harvey's friends.
The High Sheriff then declared Mr. R. B. Harvey duly
elected to represent the county of Buckingham in Parlia-
ment—(cheers)—and personally congratulated him upia
his success, wishing him health and happiness long to enjoy

his honours.
Mr. HARVEY then stepped forward to address the elec•
tors, and was received with loud cheers. He said it would
be base ingratitude on his part if he attempted to conceal or
refrained from expressing the pride he telt at the result of
the contest. He did not look upon it as a conquest over
one individual, but as a decided Conservative triumph.
Their predictions had been fulfilled ; the old cause was
triumphant; but let them render their victory more com-
plete by holding their ground, and resisting any attempt for
the future to wedge in a Liberal for the county. If one so
young as he might presume to offer advice to his venerable
opponent, it would be that for the future he left out of his
addresses the statement that he had never put the candi-
dates in any county to expense. (Hear.) His good friend
might offer him a cheque, to which he might say, " No."
(A. voice, I'm sure he will.") He did not think he would,
when on New Year's morning he could allow his voters to
walk to the poll—blue and bufi,iudeed they were--(laughter)
—while he (Mr. Harvey), like another Levite, was obliged to
pass them by. (Laughter.) As that was a time of peace
and goodwill, let him hope that if any bitter feelings had
been aroused in the contest they would now be all forgot-
ten. (Hear, hear.) He was proud to be the member for
Bucks. He went to Parliament not as the representative of
one party, but as the accredited representative of all. (Hear,
hear.) He trusted that whenever the time came he would
be found at his post, and that the seat he had now obtained
would never be sullied by defeat in future years, (Cheers.)
Dr. LEE then came forward, and was received with cheers.
He wished all a happ), new year, and then addressed him-
self to the ladies who were present. He was the only one
of all the speakers during the election who had condescended
to notice the ladies. Not one of the boasting Conservatives
—(laughter)—thought them worthy of notice ; but no
doubt if the galleries were filled with hares and pheasants,
they would have been glad to have caught hold of them and
put them in their preserves. (Laughter.) He appeared be-
fore them in the great case of Harvey v. Lee, charged with
high crimes and 'misdemeanours for having put his oppo-
nent to some expense. He could not congratulate himself
nor his friends on the result of the election. (A. laugh.) He
did not regret having continued the contest, as it was done
with the view of giving the Liberal electors of Bucking-
hamshire an opportunity of recording their votes, and of
preventing the county from falling into the hands of parties
whom they must consider as the enemies of all true pro-
gress. In this contest he had no paid agencies, he had not
asked an individual for a vote ; had used no intimidation,
no coercion, no persuasion. The conduct of his opponent
was a complete contrast to that. He had left no exertions
untried ; no legal practitioner unretained ; gamekeepers,
smokers, drinkers, and all the o her electioneering agen-
cies had been called into requisition ; many a bottle of
champagne had had its neck broken in support of his
cause. (A. laugh.) Ile (Dr. Lee) attributed his defeat
to the admirable electioneering tactics of his opponent,
and to the almost total absence of those who were gene-
rally styled the Liberals of the county They had de-
serted him in his utmost need. (Laughter, and a Voice,
"They didn't want you.") He had been asked how he
dared come forward to oppose the brother-in-law of the
Duke of Buckingham—it was ungentlemanly on his part to
oppose him—he had no chance—he would put Mr. Harvey
to great expense, and so forth. His answer to all that was
that he calculated neither relationship noreexpense. He held
certain principles, and was determined to go to the poll
with them. He would not b- intimidated either by Whig
or Tory. If he saw oppression going on in a 'Whig house,
he would sooner vote for an honest, independent Tory than
a grinding, base Whig. (Cheers and laughter) In conclu-
sion, he thanked those Liberals who had supported him, ex-
pressing his pleasure at the absence of all personal and hos-
tile feeling during the election, and wished his friends ani
his opponents all health and happiness.
Mr. HARVEY then moved, and Dr. LEE seconded, a vote
of thanks to the High Sheriff for his just, able, and impar-
tial conduct while iu the chair.
This was carried with acclamation, and the HIGII
SHERIFF briefly returned thanks.
Mr. W. S. LOWNDES then called for three cheers for the
ladies, which, being heartily responded to,
Dr. LEE humorously moved, as an amendment, that no
such honour should conic from the Tories.
The proceedings then terminated.