The Sun.
London, England, 1852-07-24 00:00:00

RUSSIA.

CoMMtRC or RE; sia WITH CaterA.---After the
year 1729,, the epocn when l'e,TEa the Great con_
a
oilmen the first 'Teary with China, the, commercial
intertoor-se was couducted by caravans belonging to
•tllft Government. It was at that time a eort of mo-
nopoly.. 10 1763 CATHARINE I. prOChlitned!firedolll
.of trade, "
11)6 record period—that of free 'same._
was trlminated in 1800 by the ;aria' e lir
G.- stischts.
This tart& imposed ft ebh laws upon the commerce.
The Chinese matte continual complaints
of the dis-
orders'that prevailed, and the ootnoteres was greatly
iitoveliV,&by•-the- Custatosja". (,)f:Altiroh,-1800. - A
company. Was then. formed to which was cetinnitteo
t: m, -0-.l4o,tatil -4tteo-"ar3f. CLinose maims

conveyed the silks of Nankin, as well as precious ;
stones, mink, gold and silver work, &c.
The Gov. rornent resfrvfd to ifbelf the rhubarb
trad•-• onl,, hut suh..-cpiently renounc..d it, and aver
1800 tea became the grwat article of commerce.
The third commercial period terminated in 1842,
when come-rce had acquired regularity and sta-
bility. China furnished the nyerchandise, which
Russia could not replace by Equivalents elsewhere;
and she was then obliged to have recourse to foreign
countries. Prussia, Poland, and Silesia exported
woollen cloths to Kischta, under the name of cloths
of M,-,serits, and the Polish cloths came into great
rtque-t. The present period commenced in 1842.
The ds,velopment of Russian manufactures led to
the establishment iS protective duties. The inipor-
iarion of articles from abroad by way of Kischta gra-
i‘ly declined, and was finally replaced by the
iwional manufactures of Russia.
The superiority of the Russian cloths over these
of Moserits gave them a decided preference in the
Chinese markets, notwi.hstanding the cheapness of
the latter. _ _ _

At the present day the wholesale trade is in the
hands of Muscovy merchants and commerciAl com-
p4nirs, while the Siberian tribe of burglaetes has the
retwil trade. _ _

Tne wholesale trade takes place only twice a year,
and is a complete interchange of goods, of which
black tea forms The staple; it cannot be replaced by.
any other article ; it is brought to Kiecht4 from the
northern provinces of Chine, and is very preferable; to
that exported from China by the English and Dutch
from the southern pr.,vinces. The green tea is consumed
by the Kalmuck, Tartars, and Siberians. The duty
on tea yields an annual revenue of from twelve to
fifteen silver roubles. The Cninei.e claim this sole
advantage from this important commercial corn-
modi'y : The Chinese will take any,hing but
cloth in return, and thus the consumers of tea
tire the persons who are the cloth manuhcurers.
I'ne Russians themselves derive no pecuniary ad
vantige from ibis trade. They might make some
profits and the consumers. pay less tor their teas if tee
trade were not monopolised, and if the tea might be
exported from S'. Petersburgh to 0 teams on pay ment
of a moderate duty, the northern
,provinces of Ching
would he oblige.t to lower the price of. their tea. tor
which they have no other marker.—Harnburgh Bor-
senhalleJuly 20 ;

THE G NERAL ELECTION

STATE .OF POLLS.
BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.-(THIS DAY.)
Nutt t HUNNERLAND.
FINAL CLOSE t F THE PULL.

Louvouo
thselston
Grey

FLINTSEIIRE
FINAL CLOSE OF THE PAL.

Mosty

LON I iONDEHRY t OUNIY.
OFFICIAL DisCLARATION.

Batson

Jones

Green

KILDARE.

Cogan
Hel chy
Kentody
DUBLIN COUNTY.
FINAL CLuSE cr 7HE P. LL

Toylor
Lout,igne
Craven ...