The Sun.
London, England, 1864-01-01 00:00:00

siuplus Balance beyond the charge of the Consolidated Fund, for the Quarter
ended Dec. 31, 1863, viz. :
Great Britain
Ireland

went of railways tons of them were often employed
in manuring the land. Fishermen are sometimes
not alive to their own interests when they thought-
lessly permit fry to perish on the beach after hauling
in their nets, and it is to be feared that most of the
oyster beds off our coasts are now suffering from
over-fishing, and want of attention to their renova-
tion. Yet it is just as easy to cultivate a bed of
oysters as to grow a crop of turnips, and there are
hundreds of bays along our coasts admirably adapted
to their habits which now lie fallow, but which in
time we hope may be utilised. Various reasons have
of late years directed public attention to this inte-
resting subject of the increase and preservation of
fish, both for sport and the table, and the results
have been a better acquaintance with their modes of
life and a gradual improvement in the condition of
our rivers. Much, however, remains yet to be done.
It may be safely asserted that ten times the number
of our best sorts of fish now to be found within the
limits of these islands, including salmon, trout,
grayling, and perch, might with ordinary care be
produced in our fresh waters. Some rivers require
stocking with a proper selection of our most approved
species ; trees and weeds might be judiciously
planted on the banks of lakes and streams, where
required, for the purpose of breeding insects ; and
we are persuaded that when owners of property in
fish shall have become thoroughly alive to their own
interests they will pay more attention than they
have hitherto done to their preservation and increase,
thereby benefiting themselves as wel. as the general
public. The immense resources of our fresh waters
have been sadly neglected in times past. Let us
hope that a better time is coming, and that, with
the help of the improved modern methods of stock-
ing waters, they may, in the course of years, become
as productive of food and sport as they were in the
olden time.
TIMES.—Nut withstanding the great dispropor-
tion between the numbers of the free population of
the Confederate States of America and of the Fede-
ral States, there can be little doubt that, had the
struggle been fought out with the resources of the
American continent alone, the North would have
been defeated for lack of men with whom to continue
the struggle_ The Southerners made war like one
of the States of antiquity, in which the names of
freeman and soldier were almost synonymous, leav-
ing the cultivation of the land and the management
of the ordinary business of life to their wives, their
children, and their slaves. The time that was spent
in amusement, in the sports of the field, or in the
listless enjoyment of life in a half tropical climate,
was devoted to war, and the motives to exertion
being extremely passing, and opinion vigorously
supporting. the conscription, it has been found pos-
sible to maintain under arms a number of men ex-
tremely, we might say unprecedentedly, large as
compared with the gross amount bf the population.
To be sure such an army cannot be efficiently re-
cruited. It pays the penalties of all aristocracies
which dare not put arms in the hands of the labour-
ing classes. Sparta, from the smallness of the num-
bers of her privileged class, could not recover from
the single defeat of Lenctra, and there is something
touching in the calculation of the Southern news-
papers that every year a number of youths grow up
to an age at which they can bear arms, and so sup-
ply the otherwise irreparable gaps which every
conflict leaves in the ranks of the Southern armies.
Still this resource, feeble as it seems, has not yet
been exhausted. The Southern armies have been
less numerous than the Northern, but they have been
almost uniformly victorious, and there is no reason
to suppose that the resources of the South would,
even if the men had been forthcoming, have enabled
them to support and bring into the field armies much
larger than those which have hitherto offered so
stubborn and so successful a resistance to invasion.
In the North, on the other hand, the case is very
different. There is in every free community a cer-
tain number of men who, ,from idleness, from the
love of adventure and excitement, from the want of
regular means of subsistence or of settled habits, are
always ready to swell the ranks of an army. With
this kind of material America was particularly well
supplied, as having been so long the city of refuge
for all the unquiet spirits of the times. But when
that material began to be exhausted it was found
exceedingly difficult; even by the most extravagant
inducements which could be devised, to supply its
place. The very causes which have made the _reat-
ness and prosperity of America fought, and continue
to fight, powerfully against the maintenance of a
regular army. The dream of the nation is conquest
and foreign war, and yet this is, perhaps, the only
phase of national life for which its splendid destiny
does not fit it. The causes of its prosperity—the
abundance of land and the high appreciation of
labour—are the most powerful counteractors that
could be devised to the maintenance and replenish-
ment of the waste of a great standing army. These
things, for ever bidding against the Government,
and exposing it to a ruinous competition with its
own citizens for the soldiers that it requires, are the
most serious impediments to long and destructive
wars. Even now the resources of the North in men
would have been utterly exhausted had not the
high wages of labour, and the enormous amount of
bounty on enlistment which the Government has
been, forced to pay in order to compete successfully
with the native capitalist, drawn over from the
poorer countries of Europe a supply of men suffi-
cient hitherto in some degree to fill up, though not
completely, the tear and wear of war, of disease,
and of intemperance. In the first year of the
war the South confronted the resident population
of the United States. Those levies are now replaced
by men of whom America is the stepmother—the
children of other lands, whom she tempts into
quarrels not their own—mercenaries who go to
shed their blood for no other consideration than
their bounty, their pay, and their allowances.
Having mortgaged the labour of generations yet
unborn to pay for the war, and secured the souls
and bodies of people whose lives they consider as
so much dross to fight and bleed for them, no
wonder that the Americans at the present moment
feel entirely at their ease, and believe that to
morrow shall be as to-day and much more abun-
dant. Surely with such advantages as these they
might reasonably rest satisfied ? Agents for ima-
ginary railway companies have been long engaged
in Ireland, sending men across the Atlantic, who
find on their gni* the musket put into their hands

instead of a mattock, a knapsack laid upon their
shoulders instead of a hod, and their strength
directed to destroy their fellow-creatures, and be
destroyed by them, instead of to revolutionise the
surface of the harmless and impassible earth.
Surely with all these advantages, the Northern
States ought to be content ? They have got so much
by these means that it is really inexcusable in them
to seek for more. But, according to the report of
a case heard before the bench of magistrates at
Queenstown a few days since, it seems that the
American navy at any rate is not content to conform
to the municipal laws of this country so far as to
abstain from enlisting the subjects of her Majesty
within the jurisdiction of our courts, but that an
American vessel of war called the Kearsage has
been, without, it should seem, any very great at-
tempt at concealment, shipping sailors in no less
public a place than the harbour of Cork itself. The
men so shipped were committed for trial at the
assizes, and we purposely forbear from a discussion
of the details of the case from a wish not to preju-
dice pending proceedings. But at any rate there
can be no harm in recording that John Sullivan
stated that he passed the doctor of the ship at Brest ;
that Edward Pyburn states that he was examined
by the doctor's mate, and that Thomas Leary went
on board at Kingstown, and did not come on deck
till he reached Brest. Why were they on board at
ali? Why were they examined ? Why were they
kept below ? Whatever be the case of each of
these men, it seems abundantly clear that this ship
of war has employed herself in taking on board
seamen just as if she had been a merchant ship.
When we consider the manner in which the sur-
inim3 (for nothing like proof was ever offered) that
the English Minister was privy to attempts
to enlist American citizens in the service of
England during the Crimean war was visited upon
this country, we think we have some right to ex-
pect that the Northern States will content them-
selves with the recruiting of emigrants on their
arrival, and not employ their commissioned officers
on board their vessels of war to violate, in the face
of day, the well known provisions of an Act of
Parliament. We have heard and read the most
furious denunciations of our own Government, be-
cause they did not interfere when they were not
furnished with sufficient evidence to arrest the de-
parture from their ports of vessels which were
subsequently armed and equipped for the service
of the Confederate Government. It is not too
much to expect and require that they shall weigh
themselves in the same balance as they weigh us,
or, if this be too much to ask, at any rate that they
shall not employ their vessels of war, and officers
bearing the commission of the United States, in the
direct and open enlistment of sailors within the
mite of British ports.

Robbery of Five Hundred Pounds in Bank

Notes.

About half-past 4 o'clock yesterday (Thursday) afternoon
a respectably dressed man, between 30 and 40 years of age,
accosted one of the G division of police while on duty in
Shoreditch, and in great tribulation made known to him that
he had been robbed of ten £5O Bank of England notes under
the following circumstances :—He stated that about nine
months since he kept a tavern near Buckhurst-hill, in
Essex ; that his wite recently had come into possession of
about £2,000 , and that being desirous of taking a London
house he came to town for the purpose of purchasing one.
While pursuing inquiries with this object he noticed a pub-
lic•house in Shoreditch, entered it, and after a few preli-
minary remarks offered the landlord £350 down instanter
for the house. This sum was refused, and he was told that
the property was not in the market. When on the point of
leaving a man, whom he had not before observed, followed,
and stated that he knew a house to be disposed of which
would exactly suit, and they both repaired to a beer-shop
near the City Theatre in Norton Folgate, where they par-
took of some ale, and then his new acquaintance accom-
panied him to another beer •shop up and down some turn-
ings, but where he could not afterwards find out. home
more ale was called for, several other men joined company,
all respectable-looking and behaving, except one, and he
remarked to him " Why, you have not money enough to
pay for beer in my opinion." The reply was by the pro-
duction of a canvas bag from the left side outer pocket of his
great coat, and which bag contained the notes mentioned;
he at the same time saying " Here's enough to pay for
more than beer." He thrust the whole quickly back, and
while drinking and leaning on the counter soon found him-
self alone, the others having left the house ; very quickly he
discovered his loss, and sought a police-constable. He
produced his card as authority of his being the person
mentioned, and his story,when inquired into by the officer,
proved correct.

A huge balloon is being constructed in Paris, to be
called the Eagle, in honour of the Emperor, with
whose arms it is to be decorated. Four gigantic eagles are
to extend its wings over its ♦ast circumference. The wings
of each eagle measure 61 feet in extent. The circular wicker
car is 12 feet in diameter. A stove six feet in diameter is
placed in the centre, which is to heat the air by which the
balloon is to be raised. Twenty people may sit at ease in
the car which is to be attached to the balloon by chains and
not by ropes. The seams of the balloon are not less than 17
miles long, and 100 women have been employed in stitching
them for two months. The balloon is to be exhibited at the
Palais de l'lndustrie, but it cannot be fully inflated there
as it would be twice as high as the building.

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exhaustion, spitting of blood, perspirations, hollow cheeks,
emaciated to a skeleton. She is now, thank God, a perfectly
healthy, blooming, fleshy girl.—N. Lange, Commissaire de
Police. Cure, No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley
Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver
derangement, and partial deafness.—Cure, No. 47,121. Miss
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gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure, No.
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