The Sun.
London, England, 1864-08-25 00:00:00

MR. ALFRED MELLON'S CONCERTS
EVERY EVENING, at Fight.
ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA HOUSE, COVENT-GARDEN.
BEET HOVEN NIGHT, THIS EVENING.
3ltllle.C. Patti, Mdlle. Krebs, Madame liudersdorff; Mr.
Levy, Mr. J. Wiut,:rbottom, Mr. Patey, and Mr. Carrudus.
BAND OF ONE HUNDRED PERFORMERS.

r eethoven's Pastoral Symphony.
Operatic selection, "Don Giovanni," ,tc.
Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON.
Promenade. Amphitheatre Stalls, and Amphitheatre, One
Shilltn,g ; Dress Circle, 2s. Ed. ; Private Boxes, £1 is. and
10s. ed.
The Box Office Is open from 10 till 5.
To-morrow (Friday), a Selection from Ross"ni's Stabat

On Saturday next, a Grand VOLUNTEER NIGHT. First
Performance of the " Faust" elect
this season. Rand of
the uoldstream Guards (by permission o: Col. Mark W,..0d).

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.-
Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining.
THIS EVENING, BORN TO GOOD LUCK. Paddy
Vitatferiy, Mr. Dominick Murray.
Alter which, THE ir,TREET3 OF LONDON. Messrs.
Vining, J. W. Ray, D. Fi her. D. Murray, J. Nelson, H.
Forre-tcr. H. Mellon ; Mrs. Henry Maiston, Miss Emma
Barnett, and 'Miss Finny Gwynne.

N6W THEA LEE-ItO YAL,
Sole Procriator and Manager. M. B. Webster.
THIS EVENING, MY WIFE'S MAID. Ifessrs. J. L.
Toole, F. Bedford, R. Phillips, and Mr-. Alfred Mellon.
After which, MASKS AN 1) FACES. Messrs. B. Webster,
. Bedford, R. Phillips, Billington, Stuart; Dirs. tirlihg,,
Billington. and Miss H. Simms.
To conclude with THE ACTOR'S RETREAT. Messrs.
J. L. Toole, P. Bediord, R. and Miss Woolgir.

Commence at 7.

NEW BOWER OPERE rTA HOUSE.--
Senora Georg' Cardinal, the eminent Spanish Come-
ic
menne, in Smyth Lee's new and eminently, successfal Come-
dietta, HER ONLY FAALING ;,
wlo, together with
CYMUN AND IPHIGENIA..
1(.31%D CHAMPAGNE, and
THE KISS AND THE ROBE, will be repeat.d EVERY
NV-ENING.

MOSES AND SON
_i_u• respectfully call attention to their large and well-
assorted stock of JUV!%NILE CLOTHING, The newest
taorics are combined with the latest and most fashionable
Designs, and the beet workmanship. E. MOSES and SON
give particular attention to this important branch of their
ialSinese, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices
az'e such as must satisfy the most economical. Tnis depart-
went is in a distinct part of the premises, which will be t ound
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MOSES AND SON
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welt-assorted
SUMMEis. STOCK.

w MOSES AND SON'S
-11-41 "SANDR IN GH AM" WRAPPER
ulroduced by them, is the newest and most fashionib:e
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MOSES AND SON'S
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MOSES AND SON'S
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sumed until li o'clock.
Al, articles are marked the lowest prices in plain figures.
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List of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion
Card, and our new pamphlet, " The Tercentenary ; or, The
Three Hundredth Birthday of William Shakspeare," gratis
^get post free.

COALS.—The LILLESHALL COMPANY'S
COALS.
Direct from their own Collieries.
Marquis'.......23s. per ton. Double... ...... 20s. per ton.
Top .225. „ I Mt_•p
Well screened and delivered within five miles of their De-
pots, Westboume Park-road, \V., and 17, south Wharf,
Paddington, W., and Maiden-lane, N.
Best Coke lss. per chaldrott.
Terms cash.
JOHN SCOTT, Sole l_gent.

YV-1.1!: THUM EDITION OF THE SUN,"
J Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENQSE,
eau be had Every Evening of
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THE LATEST EDITION of '° THE SUET'
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HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAL—Morning, 7h. 40m.—Afternoon, B'l. 12m.
ro-lioßnow.-Morning, 81. 48x.—Afternoon. 9a. 32m.

1r; ,541%
so ^fr
lilt

LONDON, IHURSDAY, AUGUST 25, 1864.

It is quite time that something was done to im-
prove the physical condition of our troops in India,
if we are to judge by the revelations of the Corn.
mission of Inquiry. There have indeed long been
rd,sgivings as to the defective sanitary arrange-

m:nts of our barracks and depots in that country,

and since public attention has been called to the
matter the rough figures which have been given
have been startling enough to arouse the most in-
different, But the full particulars gathered by a
commission of no mean weight or authority and I
lc.id by them before the War-office, leaves no excuse
for future neglect or inattention to a subject in-
valving the lives of so many men. Politicians and
statesmen of all grades pride themselves on their
reluctance to involve us in war and their unwills
ingness to sacrifice the lives of so many brave
men, and the health and comfort of so many more
as would necessarily b 3 the result of a protracted
struggle with any of the great Powers. But the
yearly campaign of disease among our 'lndian
forces gives returns of killed and wounded that are
overlooked. Whole regiments melt away,
and where a thousand fine stalwart men
land from England in one year, not
less than a hundred remain eighteen or twenty years
later without a shot being fired, or any military duty
undertaken to account for the deficiency. A special
instance of the truth of these calculations is afforded
by a return laid before the Commission by one
Brigadier-General, showing that oat of 1,064 non-
commissioned officers and men of his regiment, who
arrived at Moulmein in 1842, only 93 landed in
Este and after 17 years' service. The regiment that
returned was, therefore, almost a new one ; and
when we are further told that the mean term of
Indian service is B'6 years, and that 11 recruits are
annually requisite to keep up a force of 100 men, we
shall have some faint idea of the drain upon
the physical strength and public exchequer of the
country which is represented by the Anglo-Indian
army,
The natural question that follows is how
flr such an extravagant rate of mortality as 69 per
1,000 is traceable to the climate, the occupation, and
or her influences inseparable from their profession.
But it appears tbal: the rate ot mortality among the
officers is Only 88 per 1,000, so that nearly one-halt
of the deaths among the privates and non-commis-
sioned officers must be attributable to some other
causes than the inevitable evils of an Indian life.
The same difference is apparent between the deaths
of English women ot different ranks; the
officers between
wives ofthe ages of 20
000, whereas the
)
and 40 die at the rate of 14 in I
wives of the non-commissioned officers and soldiers
die at the rate of 35 per 1,600. It is very plain,
therefore, that if the heat of an Indian sun has
anything to eo with the extraordinary rate of mor-
tality, it„ffe,,t, can be in a great measure conn-
terac'ed. Among the chief reasons for the exces-
sive mortality among the men is their living and
al;eping in crowded barracks, while their officers

have their separate bungalows. The officers have
another very great advantage. They are able,
when ill, to move to a healthier spot, at least tem-
porarily, and can recruit their strength by
the fresh breezes of the hills. The hills
are India's native sanitarium, and the
advantages which they have over the lower levels
are clearly manifested in the children reared in the
Lawrence Asylum, who are strong and healthy,
looking, as a native chief remarked, like lions' subs,
while little Anglo Indians pine and droop unless
sent to England in good time. The enforced idle-
ness of troops in barracks is an unmitigated evil
even in England, but in India it is disastrous in its 1
consequences. It induces the men to drink, and
drink :s one of the prime agents of disease in India.
There is, therefore, as much practical prudence as
kindness in the new system of establishing regi-
mental workshops and allotting small gardens to the
men. They have availed themselves most.eagerly of
the means thus offered to dispel the ennui of their aim-
less existence, and already the CommandeteinsChief
is able to compliment the men at several stations
on the result of their handiwork. Fresh vegetables
and more wholesome food will also be attainable
by means of the gardens, while the pleasant recrear
tion will draw off the men from the vicious indulge
ences which have helped to swell the death rate.
Besides the 69 per 1000 lost annually to the service
it seems from the statistics furnished that 84 per
1000 in the stations of Bengal are, on an average,
constantly in hospital. The average mortar
lity in the native troops in twenty years was
18 per 1000; 19 per 1000 being the rate of the
invaliding. Allowing for all difference of
constitution, the commissioners attribute the chief
part of the native superiority in point of health to
the fact of their generally living with their families
in small bamboo huts, instead of being crowded in
barracks, where many sleep in one small, perhaps
ill-ventilated, room. The Commissioners are san-
guine that, from the experience now gathered, the
mortality may be reduced from 69 to 10 per 1,000.
It now remains for the public to watch carefully
the progress of reform, and to see that official negli-
gence and indifference are net suffered to trifle with
a matter so vitally important. Plenty of air espe-
cielly in sleeping rooms, pure water, good food,
and temperance appear to be the primary requisites
for health in Indian stations as elsewhere, and they
are none of them sufficiently unattainable to justify
a rate of mortality four times as great as the highest
I in England.

It is a pity that Lord PALMERSTON cannot learn
the propriety of keeping silence at times. His
conduct during the past session was not of a chae
ratter to elevate his reputation, and it is a mistake
for him to be perpetually referring to the policy
of the Government. It would seem as if the mis-
guided course that was taken by the House this
year had completely obliterated the sense of shame
that ought to be experienced by all in power re-
garding the line adopted in the question of the
Dario-German war. For a Minister to take credit
to himself or his colleagues concerning our foreign
policy at present is really quite absurd and a
mockery to common sense persons. Lord -PALMER.
STON seems to be one of those whose glory is their
shame, and he endeavours to put forth all the mis-
deeds of himself and his Foreign Secretary, for the
purpose of pronouncing a laudation upon them,
First of all, ha begins with Poland, and congratu-
lates his hearers that we had not been reduced to
lend our succour to the Poles; this he declares to
have been a great advantage. If it be true that it
was not desirable for us to be involved in a war, it
was not justifiable for the noble lord at the head
of Foreign Affairs to induce the Poles to believe
that our sympathies were all enlisted on their be-
half, and that at the worst they would receive
assistance. Then as to America, the course pursued
by our Government has been most prejudicial for
our interests in a commercial form, and created
many evils in various ways, while their mean spirited
subserviency to the Federals has been a disgrace to
the country. Great as are the blunders and mis-
takes made in connection with other countries,
however, nothing at all comes up to the
enormity of the conduct pursued towards
Denmark, and the remarks of the Premier
on that subject are quite unwarrantable. Ile has
adopted a tone at Tiverton that he dare not have
used in the House of Commons, and it is perfectly
scandalous that the First Minister of the Crown
should employ such terms, in speaking of this coun-
try's resources, as he has done. Much may be
allowed to speakers in the heat of debate, and, of
course, all officiel personages get used to comment-
ing upon their management in a bombastic tone;
but it is too much when a man deliberately gets up
and discourses as Lord PALMERSTON has done at
Tiverton. It would have been better to have said
that the Government did not see any call to go to
war, and that the Danes had acted imprudently.
Anything would have been better than to traduce
the fame of England and the character of her army
to cover the errors of policy, of which he must be at
heart ashamed. Everyone at hil competent to
judge of the affair must know that England is more
than a match for Germany at any time, and for
Lord PALYERsToer to state that we could not have
succeeded in rescuing the Danes from the grasp of
their greedy foes is perfectly preposterous. Such
language will lower him in the esteem of all inde-
pendent persons, and for ever diminish the influence
that he ought to possess in the country. It is, in-
deed, seldom that one in his high position so com-
promises himself. It is almost incredible that the
Prime Minister of this country should
.thus ex-
press himself:—" We have no means of sending out
a force at all equal to cope with the three or four
hundred thousand whom the Germane could have ,
pitted against us, and such an attempt would only
have insured a disgraceful discomfiture not to the
army indeed, but to the Government which sent
out an inferior force and expected it to cope
with a force so vastly superior l' If the
Government have escaped discomfiture they
have decidedly reaped a double rshare of dis-
grace by their dastardly conduct. What can Lord
PALMERSTON mean by thus scattering to the winds
the reputation of a long career, and throwing away
the renown ha has won by half a century's service
to his country. There was a time, in past days,
when his name sounded stirring in the ears of the
enemies of this country ; it was a trumpet blast to
remind them that England possessed a minister
with spirit to defend her rights, and enterprise to
consider the affairs of other nations. It was, indeed,
very suitable that Lord PALMERSTON should have
endeavoured to pass an eulogium on the peace
party—it is on the principle of making friends with
the mammon, of unrighteoasness—and certainly the
only consistent part of his speech. If he has
rightly read the history of his country he must
have seen that in the battles where the
English gained enduring renown, their num-
bers were always inferior to those of their adversa-
ries. Surely it is too much for the impertinent
exaggeration of ministerial parlance to assert that
the German legions are to be compared to the
armies of NAPOLEON. It is but seldom in the hiss
tory of the world that such a military genius
appears, and if we could conquer his battalions,
flushed with their unrivalled success, it is ridi-
I culo2s to speak of the Gerrain troops as inyini ,

cible. It is indeed true that, at present, there
seems no prospect of a PITT or a Fos to rule
our councils, or a WELLINGTON to lead forth
our armies; but the national spirit is not dead,
and that is the true secret of self-reliance. When
Lord PALMERSTON talks of sending a fleet in mid-
winter to the Baltic, he chooses to forget that
the spring was far advanced before any of the
more decisive engagements took place in the late
war. If it is to be broadly asserted that the course
of our policy is to take care of ourselves and let
others take their chance, it will be a ruinous one;
and let the country be ever so great, ever so rich,
or ever so strong, the seeds of decay will be sown
in her coutitution. It is time we hed statesmen at
the head of affairs who recognise some principles of
justice and conform to some notions of honour. At
present we present the picture of a great nation
always ready to make a boastful parade of cur
strength, and never willing to prove it; and while
we rush in to interfere with all foreign questions,
we retire in unseemly haste when our mediations
are treated with deserved contempt and no resource
is left but an appeal to arms. Such a course
is most derogatory to the character of a
people, and it is most lamentable that our present
Cabinet should have pursued so reckless a path of
policy. Nothing is easier than to compromise one's
character politically or otherwise, and nothing is
more difficult than to rehabilitate it. Perhaps the
recent speech of Lord PALMERSTON at Tiverton is
the most suicidal act of his long career, He openly
identifies himself with the clique who have set out
with the dishonourable cry that we cannot light;
such are far more contemptible than the peace at
any price party, who are at least consistent. The
language that was uttered at Tiverton was not suit-
able for an English Statesman, not in accordance
with the knowledge that should be possessed by a
public man of so much experience, but, above all, it
was unworthy of the position of the First Minister
of the Crown.

Declaration of the Danish Plenipotentiaries.

(REUTER'S EXPRESS.)
BERLIN, Aug. 22.

According to the tenour of the armistice protocol
signed by the Plenipotentiaries of Prussia, Austria,
and Denmark upon the Ist inst., the Danish pri-
soners of war were to be set at liberty upon the
assurance being given that they should not serve
again in the Danish army until the conclusion of
peace. By order of their Government, therefore,
the Danish Plenipotentiaries in Vienna have des
livered the following declaration to the Prussian
Ambassador in that capital :
Vienna, Aug. 8, 1861.

The protocol signed upon the Ist inst., in execution of
Ar,icle 4 of the peace preliminaries concluded the same day
between Denmark upon the one part and Prussia and Aus-
tria upon the other, contains the following stipulation in
its Bth paragraph:—
" Prisoners of war and political prisoners will be liberated
upon the assurance that:the prisoners of war shall not serve
in the Danish army before the conclusion of peace."
In reference to this stipulation, the undersigned Pleni-
potentiaries of his Majesty the King of Denmark, by order
of their Government, have the honour to give by these pre-
sents to Baron Werther, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary of his Majesty the King of Prussia, the
formal assurance that the Danish prisoners of war at pre-
sent detained in the States of his Majesty the King of
Prussia will not serve in the Danish array before the con-
elusion of peace.
The undersigned take this opportunity of offering to his
Excellency Baron Werther the assurance of their high
consideration.

(Signed) QUAADE,
KAUFFMANN.

The Grouse Season.

At Gannochy Lodge, on Saturday, Capt. Peareth
killed 53k braca of grouse and 1 rabbit ; Captain
O'Hara, 20 brace and 2 snipes ; the Hon. Charles
Carnegie, M.P., 20 brace and 2 snipes; and Capt.
Carnegie Lour, 30,1 brace, 2 hares, aad 4 rabbits.
On Cordovon Moors, Viscount Holmesdale, M.P.,
and Sir Edmund Phillimore, M.P., on the 12th,
bagged 30 brace of grouse on the moors attached to
the Lodge. On the same moors on Friday last,
Viscount Holmesdale and party were out again
grouse shooting, and bagged 32 brace. On Satur-
day Lord Holmesdale went out deerstalking and
was successful in bringing do wn, right and left, two
noble stags o❑ the hill to the north-west of Iver-
cauld House. One of these stags possessed a fine
head. The Hon. George S. Duff was out deer-
staking in the Alton Ower Forest on Thursday last
killing a fine stag. The Earl of Fife, on Monday
week, when on his way to Crocklach Lodge, Glen-
dee, to go out grouse shooting, was fortunate in get-
ting a capital stalk on a fine herd of deer. His lord-
ship brought down three splendid stags,one of which
weighed 17st. 121 b. clean, and had a magnificent
Royal head. Another stag weighed upwards of
15st. avoirdupois. Since then the noble earl has
been grouse shooting daily cn the Baynoch Moors
adjoining the Croclach Lodge, and has had excel-
lent sport during the week, killing upwards of 120
brace. On Thursday he had the best day's sport of
the week, bagging 34 brace grouse. On the Glen-
callater moors good sport was got by Mr John
Marshall, Gilbert Wilkinson, E3q., and party bag-
ging daily from 20 to 30 brace grouse, 30 brace
being the highest reached on any day of the week.
On these moors there are plenty of birds, bat there
is the usual complaint that they are very strong
and wild, and, to use a gamekeeper's phrase, are
"packing," or collecting together into large flocks
on the moors, which materially impedes the progress
and success of the sport.—Dundee Advertiser.

On the 12th August Mews. Garald Fitzgerald
and two friends killed, at Gawe, Dingwall, 95
grouse, 5 hares, and 2 woodcocks. Shooting small,
birds plentiful ; since the 12th sport has been good.
On Farr Moor, near Inverness, Messrs. Joseph W.
Pease, John W. Pease, and H. F. Pease, killed 165
grouse and 25 hares. The broods were generally
good and strong ; a considerable number of barren
birds, the result of the snow in May, caused the
bags to be light. The 12th and 13th were exend-
ingly hot ; for the last four days the weather has
been wet and unfavourable.
CASTLE CARR MOORS, NEAR HALIFAX.--Colonel
Edwards, M,P., entertained a succession of visitors
this year, as usual, including his suns, Viscount In-
gestre, H, W. Wickham, M.P., Mr. Alfred bun-
combe, Hon, Colonel Duncome, Lord Warncliffe,
Sir J. Lyster Kaye, Bart, Sir J. Armytage, Bart,
Graver Browne, Esq., Hon Captrin Lawley, Gen,
Hall, Captain Dearden and Rowland Winn, Esq.
The weather has been very fine and the sport excel-
lent. The three first days 406 brace were shot over
the dogs; the five days following 703 brace in
"driving," the total bag in the first eight days
being 1109 brace.—Halifax Guardian.

LIFE AMONG TUE SAVAGESTIENS.—We are sur-
rounded by forests which are infested with ele-
phants, buffaloes, rhinoceros, tigers, and wild boars, and tho
ground all about the pools is covered with their footprints.
We live almost as in a besieged plats, every moment dread-
ing some attack of the enemy. and keeping our guns don-
stoutly loadc.l. Sometimes they come close to our quarters,
and we cannot go even a few steps into the woods without
hearing them. As a general rule, however, they fly from
the approach of man, and in order to get a shot it is neces-
sary to lie in wait, either among the branches of a tree, or
hidden amid the brushwood near the spots where they come
to drink. Scorpions, centipedes, and, above all, serpents,
were the enemies we most dreaded, and against which pre-
cautions were chiefly requisite; but the muquitoes and the
leeches, though less dangerous, were the most troublesome
and most inveterate plagues. During the rainy season you
cannot be too much on your guard ; going to bed or getting
up, you are ever in peril in putting your hand or foot on
some venemous snake. I have killed more than one in my
house with a gun or hatchet. As I write I am obliged to
be continually on the watch, fearing to see one re-appear on
which I trod this evening, bat which made his exit without
hurting me. From time to time, also, I stop to listen to
the roaring of a tiger, who is wandering round our dwelling
and looking longingly at the pigs through their fence of
planks and bamboos. Again, 1 hear a rhinoceros breaking
down the bamboos which oppose his progress towards the
brambles encircling our garden, on which ho intends to
bacquet.—Moulict'a Trards in inck:China.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTEII.3 ETLEGRAMS.)

THE CAPE MAIL.

PLYMOUTH, Auo. 25.

The Cape mail steamship Athens arrived here
this morning. She left the Cape on the 21st,
Helena 30th, and Ascension on the 3d. The Athens
brings 72 passengers, including the lion. Mr Raw..
son, the late Colonial Secretary, who has been ap-
pointed Governor of the Bahamas, Colonels S. G.
Rawstorne and tier, 'Mrs. Stoltz, and seven children
of the Moravian mission.
Parliament was still in session. The whole of
tLe Government taxing bills had passed, together
with a bill to provide for the formation of a sinking
fund. Business continued dull, and money was
seeking for investments. There was every prospect
of a good harvest, the extent of land brought under
cultivation exceeding the average of the previous
years.

Owing to the stoppage of the Government works,
a large number of working men had flocked to Cape
Town for employments which could only be obtained
at low remuneration.

The intimation that free passages to New Zea-
land would sbortly be offered by the Government
of that colony, had induced numbers to determine
to emigrate there.

The prices of all kinds 3f colonial grown provi-
sions were low.

The bishop of Cape Town had returned from
Natal, where he was very warmly received.
The barque Saxon seized by the United States
steamer Vanderbilt, at Angra Pequina, but released
by the New York Prize Court, had returned to
Table Bay.
Further news had arrived from the frontier of
dissensions among the natives, and war between
some of the tribes was considered certain. The
small-pox had also broken out among them in the
neighbourhood of Griqua Town.
In Damaraland two commandos were going out
against the Hottentots to recover cattle stolen by
them.

The Athens mails have been landed here, and
forwarded by to-day's trains.

SWITZERLAND.

GENEVA, AuG. 25.

The Grand Council of Geneva have decided to
submit the affair of the late election to the judgment
of the Federal Council.
The town is tranquil,