The Sun.
London, England, 1852-05-04 00:00:00

THE FRENCH

REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
Several .of them hestovr expression of admiration
on the English Chancellor of the Exchequer, for the
tact, eloquence, and ability manifested in his finan-
cial statement.

M. LEBEAU, member of the Council General of the
Pas de Calais, has refused to take the oaths to the
PRESIDENT Of the Republic.
The Pays has a long article, under the head of
peace or war," which, under the appearance of dis-
cussing a general question, really points to the one
inquiry, whether France, declaring herself an empire
under LOUIS NAPOLEON, would thereby provoke the
powers of Europe, parties to the treaties of 1815, to
make war ? The Pays concludes that so long as
France does not menace any other country she may
do as she pleases at home, and that she will not
menace or invade her neighbours is confidently
assumed by the writer, who affirms that it is the am-
bition of Lours NAPOLEON to merit the title of the
NAPOLEON of Peace. The article, nevertheless, is one
calculated to prepare the public mind for another
change in the form of government.
The Sicle takes up the question of the Orleans
property for the purpose of protesting against the
threatened absorption by the' State of the judicial
powers. This paper professes not to feel any inte-
rest for the Orleans family, but looks to the matter
with reference solely to the principle involved. It
argues that if the State may in this instance take a
disputed question out of the hands of the ordinary
tribunals, and make itself judge and jury through the
interference of the Council of State, it will to-
morrow or next day take libels charged against the
press from the jury, and suppress the offending jour-
nal. In fact, it says, there is no telling to what
lengths such an encroachment by the State on the
judicial power may not be pushed, and it therefore
views with alarm the step that has been taken on the
subject of the Orleans property.
We read in the Debats on the subject of America
and Japan—
" The English and the Americans are not simply con-
querors; they are the missionaries of civilization, of
humanity, of the right of nations, or, in a word, of
Christianity. At the bottom, it is still and always was
the struggle of the old and the new world, of old reli-
gions and the Christian religion. The Chinese and the
Japanese will not recogniz3 the rest of the human race;
foreigners are regarded by them as barbarians and
enemies; they close their gates against them at'id mur-
der them whenever storms drive them on their coasts;
it is the principle of the Jews who would not recognize
the Gentiles; it is that of the Pagans, who designated
foreigners and enemies by the same name. On the
other side is the principle, which rays that ail men are
the children of one family, and owe each other mutual
assistance; that no nation ca'i '.shut its doors to
the shipwrecked, or reuse them • assistance; that
hospitality is a day, as asylum is n rieit; that no nation
has a right to isolate itself from general society and
common responsibility; that all Lava duties to fultit one
towards another, which al! may mutually claim and de-
mand the accomplishment of. This is the Christian prin-
ciple, the principle of charity, fraternity, and sociability.
This is the real struggle that exists in the old Asiatic
world; it is the struggle of progress against immobility,
of the spirit against the letter, of grace against the law.
how can the i2sua of it be doahtful? What is now
doing by the Americans is the realisation of the dream
of Christopher Colurabus."
A Bill oa nublic education, which is at present be-
fore the Council of State, is shortly to be presented
to the Corps Legislatif. The following are the heads
of this Bill :--France is to possess fifteen academies,
viz.—at Aix, Besaccoul Bordeaux, Caen, Clermont,
Dijon, Grenoble, Lille, Lyon, Montpelier, Paris,
Poitiers, Rennes, Strasburg, and Toulouse. The
number of rectors is to be limited to one for
each academy. Each department is to have an
inspector placed under the direction of the rector.
Each rector is to be assisted by an academic
council, over which he shall preside. The council
will be composed of departmental inspectors, deans of
faculty, and of the clergy, of the municipal and legal
authorities, and the Council General. Independently
of the Academic Council there is to be a Council
establishedin each department, which will be composed
of the Prefect, the Bishop, an ecclesiastic, a member of
the non-Catholic Consistories, of Inspectors of the
Academy, of two Members of Public Instruction, and
cf two members of the Council General. There is to
be no change made in the mode of primary instruc-
tion. The masters are to receive the yearly salary of
400 f. in towns where the population is less than 1,000
souls; 600 f. where the population is above 1,000 and
not exceeding 3,000 ; and 800 f. where the population
is above 3,000. A previous permission is necessary
for the opening of secondary schools. Numerous
changes are to be made in the establishment of Se•
condary Instruction. No candidate can receive
the rank of Bachelor of Letters or Bachelor of
Sciences until he shall have attained the age of 18

years.
The Bourse was dull, which was accounted for by a
statement currently reported that the Emperor of Russia
had given orders to sell his French rentes, and that
operation had been commenced, The Five per Cents.
opened at 100f.30c. rose to 100 f. 35c., fell to 1001.. and
closed at 100 f. 20c. for the end of the month; the Three
per Cents. closed at 70f. 60c.; Orleans Railway Shares,
1,192 f. 50c.; Rouen, 7801.; More, 287 f. 50c.; Great
Northern, 591 f. 25c.; Avignon, 270 f. Vierzon, 3801.;
3681. 75c.; Paris
Basle, 247 f. 50c.; Sordeaux, 618 f. 750.; Paris and
Strasburg, 5701.; Tours and Nantes,
and 4009, 615 f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, MAY 3.
Charleroi and Erquelines,
13% East Indian, 21 ya
Indian Peninsula, 6—Luxembourg, 474—Namur and Liege,
4 _Great
6N—Northern of France, 23% ex d.—Orleans
deans, 151/2—Paris and Lyons, 10.
—ROUen and Bor-
-111/2 —Sambre and Meuse, 54 Flanders, —West Fland and Havre,
,