The Sun.
London, England, 1864-08-19 00:00:00

THE I,CYN4>OIV, FRIDAY EVENING, AUGUST 19, 1864,

to kfuoNNELL's veromtut to dear with teem so se to do justice to

AIR. ALFRED MELLON'S CONCERTS
EVERY" EVENING, at Fight.
130YA.1. ITALIAN OPERA HOUSE, COVANT-GARDEN
1 HIS EVENING Mdlle. Carlotta Patti, Mdlle. Krebs ;
Mr. Levy, Mr. Hughes, Mr. Pstey, and Ali Ben Sou-alle.
Part Songs and Glees sung by miss FosDrol&e, Mrs. Dixon,
Mr, A. mathisen, and Mr. C. Henry.
BAND OF ONE HUNDRED PERFORMERS.
Conductor, Mr, ALFRED MEL LDN.
Promenade, amphitheatre Stalls, and Amphitheatre, One
Shilpng ; Dress Circle, 2s. ed. ; Private Boxes, £1 is. anu
10s. ed. . .

To-morrow, Saturday, the Second Volunteer Night.

-- ---
ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.-
Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining,

THIS EVENING, BORN TO GOOD LUCK. Paddy
O'Rafferty, Mr. Dominick Murray.

Atter which, THE tiTItEETS OF LONDON. Messrs.
Vining, J. W. Ray, D. Fi her. D. Murray, J. Nelson, 11.
Forrester. H. Mellon ; Mrs. Henry Maiston, Miss Emma
Barnett, and Miss F .nny Gwynne.

dW rhEA ritE-fLo YAL, ADELPHL--
8.31 e Proprietor and Manager. Mr. B. Webster.
THIS EVENING, MY WIRE'S MAID. liessrs. J. L.
Toole, P. Bedford, R. Phillips, and Mr . Alfred Mellon.
After wLich, MASKS AN D FACES. Messrs. B. Webster,
P. Bedford, R. Phillips, Billington, Stuart; Mrs. btirling.
Mrs. Billington. and miss 11. Simms.
To conclude with THE ACTOR'S RETREAT. Messrs.
J. L. Toole, P. Bed.ord, R. and Hiss Voolg..r•
Commence at 7.

NEW BOWER OPERE rrA. HOUSE.-
Senora Georgi Cardinal, the eminent Spanish Come-
dienne, in Smyth Lee's new and eminently successfill Come.
dietta. HER ONLY FAILLSG ; whinn, together with
CYAIoN AND IPHIGENIA. ICED CHAMPAGNE, and
THE KISS AND THE ROSE,. will be repeated EVERY
EVENING.

COUNTRY and SEASIDE DRESSES.
Messrs. JAY, of Regel4-
street,
,have now In stcckWASHlNGvariety of WASHING DREISES, suitatle for the
country and seaside, and at the c earing.out price of only
XI. Els. 6d. the dress.
JAY'S,
^47, 249, and 251, Regent-street.

BLACK SILKS.—The price of Silks in the raw
material has already Nen 15 per cent., and it will soon
reach a far greater per-centage. Messrs. JAY, therefore,
invite their numerous patrons to take advantage of the stock
they have on band, which they can now dispose of on favour-
able terms ; but the same qualities will naturally b., more
coitly as the price of Silk fluctuates to a higher average

JAY'S,
217, 219, and 251, Regent-street.

COALS.—The LILLES HAL L COMPANY'S
COALS
Direct from their own Collieries.
Marquis' 23s. per ton. Double.. 208. per ton.
Top 225. „ De. p
Well screened and delivered within live miles of their De-
Pots, Westbourne Park-road, W., and 17, South Wharf,
Paddington, W., and Maiden-lane, N.
Best Coke
Terms cash.
JOHN SCOTT, Sole 14ent.

T" THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN,"
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Dau be had Every Evening of
G. R. GIANIE, NEWS AGENT,
No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park.

THE LATEST EDITION of '• THE SUN'
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HENRY BROOKS, Newspaper Agent, Old Cavendish-
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tilGti WATEI AT LONDON bitIDUE.
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Z.
1-4 ) SUM

LONDON, FRIDAY, AUGUST 19, 1864.

Out of two childish and senseless absurdities

Belfast allowed thtir animosity

two populous towns—ene in Franca, the other in
Ireland—are now suffering very lamentably. A
rocket fired into the air daring the imperial demon-
strations on Monday evening (the Fete NAPOLEON)
at Limoges, has resulted there in a fearfully destruc-
tive conflagration. A big doll paraded through the
streets of Belfast bythe local Orangemen—afterwards
burnt as a sort of Guy FAUX representative of the
Liberator—the ashes of it being eventually, with
an inlecent mockery, no less of Death than of the
Great Dead, whose memory was thus unprovokedly
held up as a mark of rubiic abhorrence and derision
in the very land where that memory of DANIEL
O'CONNELL is, not undeservedly, revered and be-
loved ! This senseless playing with a big doll in the
streets of Belfast, we say, 11::.a led—thanks to the
savage stupidity of the originators of that counter
demonstration to the Great O'CONNELL Demon-
stration in Dublia—,o the delivering up of
the Town of Belfast, now for nearly one whole fort-
night, into the hands of lawless rioters. Viewing
the latter occurrence as dispassionately as possible
from this side of St. George's Channel, it seems to
us to be only a matter of simple justice that
we should recall to mind a fact already beginning
to be in a great measure :ost sight of ! Namely, the
fact as to theside upon which these riotings in Belfast
began. It requires only to be mentioned thus quite
plainly to insure its revival, upon the instant here
in England, in the popular recollection. The rioting
then it is bat right and fair that we should recall this
to mind—the rioting began, yonder in Belfast, dis-
tinctly, solely, and exclusively on the side of the
Orangemen. Ia the midst of their foolish vagarieswith
that absurd lay figure of O'CONNELL the Belfast
disturbances commenced with the flourishing of
bludgeons, the flinging of stones and brickbats, the
smashing of windows, the attacking and the sacking
of a Nunnery. The occasion for all this, or rather,
the plea for it all, being—a counter demonstration !
A Counter Demonstration at Belfast to the gigantic
and perfectly peaceable Demonstration known to be
then (simultaneously) taking place in Dublin—
where at the very centre of the grandest street of all
in the Irish Capital, the foundation stone of a Na-
tional Memorial to O'CONNELL was being laid,
not precipitately or irritatingly, but calmly
and deliberately, after the great Tribune's
remains had been reposing for nearly eighteen
years in his grave at Glasneven. Eighteen years !
It was time that a monument to O'CONNELL—their
Liberator—should be raised by the Irish people in
the very centre of their metropolis, as a memorial,
not of his name, for that in its mere historical
greatness is certainly _,Ere perennius, but as a
memorial of their love, gratitude, and admiration.
After waiting so long, before thus obtruding their re
gard for O'CONNELL'S memory upon the attention of
those who had no respect for it, on the contrary, the
very reverse—the Roman Catholic people of Ireland
could hardly be reprehended in this matter of
an O'CONNELL monument, and by necessity also
(in laying the foundation stone of it) an O'CON-
NELL Demonstration—the Roman Catholic people
of Ireland, it is but fair to say this, could hardly
in this matter be reprehended for anything like
ofaciousness, or precipitation. It was but reason-
able, indeed, that the men who had been liberated
by O'CONNELL—as not only the Irish
Catholics, but all the other Roman Catholics
throughout the length and breadth of the British
Empire had been liberated by O'CONNELL—it was
rut reasonable that those whom O'CONNELL had,
liberated, should, at length, very tardily, after
this Precise fashion, namely, by raising a great
Monument a National Meinoriel in
11'"8 hen°'ar, evidence their appreciation of him
as their Liberator. How their in 80 doin proceedings went,
g--at leer, after • , so mans years had elapsed
since the death of ley .
CONNELL—We know. The de-
monstration which marked the laying the foundation
stone of this O'CONNELL llenaoriel in Dublin was,
in two ways, exceptionally grand
among
all preced-
ing demonstrations of any kind that had ever taken
place there in the Meta capital. It was thus doubly
exceptional among all the demonstrations that had at is much to be regretted that the prejudices en•
over taken place there in Dublin, because the vastest that had ever been witnessed it was tertained against transportation to Western Aua-
there, and eralia should still remain in full force in many
era, for until more general views are held on the
Iquer-
because, while it was the vastest demonstration, it :
Was a demonstration unmarked from beginning to
natter it seems very difficult to decide what is to be
end by one single accident to life or limb, to person lone with our convicts. Still, while persons sop-
or property, nay, by an
Whatsoever. y the smallest disturbance
posed to be acquainted with the derails, and ap-
It was while this grand, and Peaceful, pe.rentl interested in the bearings o the question,
and perfectly reasonable demonstration was taking w ill persist in
plane in Dnblin, that the ill advised Orangemenl4 'hems, it its all eking so many objections to the
a m
wkward thing foe the Home Csoe

so very dissimilar. It is evident that cotton
does not require the same elements of strength and
neaith as human beings, seeming to flourish best in
the least salubrious places. In the West Indies, es

we have seen, it is thriving, while, on "fair
Madeira's vine crowned hills of health," as MONT-

GoMERY styles them, it absolutely refuses to grow.
In South America it bids fair to Lecome of some
importance. From Peru accounts have been re-

ceived which are very encouraging, and the

Peruvian plants stand the sun so well that they are
well adapted for introduction intc Southern India,

where, if properly watered, they are more remune■

rative than the indigenous variety. The produce
is of fine quality ranking next to Sea Island. They

have been extensively grown in the districts of

_ ....
Kistua and South Aroot, where the yield has been
at the rate of 560 lbs of clean cotton per tawny,
which is equal to an acre and a quarter. The

plant shoot out fresh blossoms before one crop is

wily gathered, At Nellore it has been found that

he yield of cotton (from Ntw Orleans seed) is at

he rate of 150 lbs per acre, but %here irrigation

is employed, once in eight days, it is 250 lbs.
In several parts of Atrica, as we have said, the
cultivation is thriving ; and, indeed, in many places
it already grown in some quantities by the natives.
The Governor of the Gambia gives some valuable

information acquired by Staff Assistant. Surgeon
HARVEY, on his route to the Upper River, when he
saw large inclosures with fair crops of cotton. At
Medina, the capital of Woolli, the people told him
at they could bring plenty of cotton to market ii

wanted. Dr. HARVEY suceeeded in negotiating a
treaty with the King of Woolli, who is very anxious
for the friendship and trade of English merchants,
so that traders may now with perfect safety
establish depots throughout the King's dominions.
Farther north, on the same continent, things are
more advanced, for we learn from Alexandria tha►

money is in great demand, owing to the large sums
sent into the interior for advances on the new

season's cotton crop, which sonic persons value ar
£25,000,000. Should these anticipations be even

partially realised, Egyptian cotton will have a

E eneflcial effect upon the English market, and help
to brighten still further the improving prospects
of Lancashire.

memory to lead them so far in their carrying out
of a counter-demonstration, that—in lighting the
bonfire th at roasted the Effigy of the Liberator,
they may be said to have kindled their own
passions beyond control, thereby igniting a
conflagration more lamentable and more dis-
astrous of its kind than that which has just
reduced two hundred houses to ashes at Limoges.
Whosoever it was among the Orangemen of Belfast
who first set or. foot that ridiculous counter demon-
stration—which diatinctly gave the signal for all this
rioting in Belfast by smashing the windows of pri-
vate dwellinghouses, molesting loot-passengers, and
wrecking a nunnery—whosoever among the Belfast
Orangemen led the way in those first day's
proceedings —is the firebrand that kindled
those evil passions on both sides, which have since
been raging so disastrously, there in Belfast, for
nearly one whole tortraight—passions that threaten
to spread riot and bloodshed irom Belfast to Dun-
dalk, and from Dundalk far and wide through those
north-eastern parts of Ireland.

the whole of the parties concerned. It is of ims
mense importance to the convicts themselves that
they should be sent to that State, for there they can
begin a new life, as it were, when they have worked
out their sentences. it adds greatly to the vexation
of the affair that the objections which are so plen-
tifully pot in against this proposal are not of a
tenable nature, but almost always the result of pre-
judice and the consequence of looking at the ques
tion in a one-sided manner. However, it is well
known that imaginary fears are often more difficult
to overcome than weil-grounded apprehensions, and
therefore it will not lessen the regrets of those who
reed and hear of the many obstacles interposed to
know that experience would prove the fallacy of the
inimical arguments. The Royal commission which
recently investigated the subject of penal servitude
were greatly in favour of this plan of sending con-
victs to Western Australia, but their recommenda-
tions have shared the same fate that usually attends
such advice, and it is greatly to be deplored that
such should be the case. In a letter which has been
addessed to the limes by the late Chief Justice of
South Australia this subject is taken up again: the
various points are discussed with great moderation,
but still the writer is dead against the proposal. It
is rather curious to notice some of the points which
he argues upon, for they seem to contradict them-
seosce in a great measure. In the first place, he
admits that many of the places that now object to
the introduction of convicts among them were
originally penal settlements, and that the convict
labour and the capital of the Government expendi-
ture were the beginning of the great wealth which
they now erjoy. It would seem rather strange,
then, that Western Australia should be deprived of
all these advantages because the old colonists Lave
discovered that they do not like to have
convicts sent out. It cannot be true that
the same evils attend their dispersion in
those distant colonies that are inseparable from
their being sent forth here to mingle in our crowded
cities with their old associates, and resume their
bad ways. It is impossible to have the same checks
interposed upo❑ them here as naturally arise out
there, and the judgment which condemns the trans-
mission 9f convicts is an erroneous one in itself, and
productive cf great and serious evils to many. Why
should it be so :fluch worse for the colonieta to have
hundreds of these men whose sentences have ex-
pired among them than for us at home to have them
constantly about us. It is a cruel determination on
the part of the protesting colonists, and one that is
not likely to do them any credit in the long run,
when the full consequences it involves are taken
into consideration. Ail that tends to lessen the
speed of evil, and decrease the chances of se-convic-
tion by old offenders, should be gladly hailed as a
boon by all wellwishers of their kind, and it is dis-
heartening to witness the predominance of such
selfishness, and the exhibition of so touch prejudice
among those who have gained their advantages in
many instances from the very plan which they now
so bitterly inveigh against. It is some satisfaction
to know that in this country the system of penal
servitude will be carried oa very diff,rently from
what it has been, so that if we are forced to keep
these unfortunate outcasts among us there will not
be the same risk that there has hitherto been in the
arrangements. Tne circular letter addressed by
Sir GEORGE GREY to the judges is a proof of the
improvements that have already been effected, and
doubtless, as time goes on, additions will be made
to the reforms already instituted in this respect.
Some of the most striking of the changes and altera-
tions that have been made exemplify the full im-
portance of the subject, and there is great reason
to raj Ace that so much should h.ve been done to
deter the devotees of crime from the prosecution o
their iniquitous purposes. The short sentences that
have done so much harm are now done away with,
and five years is the least term that can be assigned
for the duration of imprisonment. This regulation
is a very desirable one, since it must increase the
terrors of the law that have of late years been too
much divested of their deterring attributes. The
more stringent measures to be henceforth adopted
i❑ respect to tickets-of-leave are also highly to be
applauded, and strict attention to the rules enjoined
will most likely be attended with a desirable issue,
as here stated the consequence of these arrangements
will be that " nothing is left to accident or caprice,
but the punishment inflicted is precisely that which
was intended." The mode of granting "remissions"
will be changed in a great degree, and it will not in
future be so easy for a convict to become possessed
of this advantage as it has hitherto been ; steady
and laborious industry as well as general good con-
duct will now be requisite towards the obtaining of
the desired end. 'lbis will interpose a salutary
check to the course of deceit practised by those
supposed to be the most hopeful, and put them to a
test which they cannot easily evade. It is especially
desirable that a decided clause should have been
passed in respect to life sentences,, so that when
once a convict has received this extreme sentence it
should be adhered to, and nothing except " tbe
mercy of the CROWN, on special grounds," should
be allowed to alter its course, or put a period to its
duration. Altogether it must be considered that
the changes mentioned are most suitable and satin.
factory ones, and the benefit that will accrue to
society from the introduction of these salutary
changes in our system of prison discipline and
course of penal servitude are most likely to be great.
It was certainly time that something was done to
improve the existing state of things, and it is we!
teat such decided steps have ben taken.

The progress of cotton cultivation in different
parts of the world still continues to excite consider-
able interest, and indeed it can hardly fail to do so
while the necessities of the population are so much
affected by it. All classes have more or less suffered
from the extravagant price and inferior quality of
cotton fabrics, and, like a friend, who makes his
value felt by his absence, cotton has taught us how
useful and übiquitous it is by our constant need of
it now that it is difficult to get, and of doubtful
quality when obtained. The poorer classes more
especially have had cause to lament the American
War, not only as regarding Lancashire, but as put-
ting the common commodities of household economy
almost beyond the reach of heads of families. There
is little doubt, however, that what has caused such
wide distress will in the end be productive of large
and lasting good. Besides the stimulus given to
Indian trade, which has borne it through the first
difficulties, many countries with idle or ill-employed
land have turned their attention to this profitable
cultivation. In several parts of Africa there are
promising indications of a thriving trade, which, it
it should realise the expectations formed of it, may
prove of the greatest service to that country, and
may even serve eventually as a check upon the slave
trade by raising the value of negro labour at home.
The Executive Committee of the Cotton Supply
Association, wt ich has done such good service in
encouraging experiments in cultivation, lately re-
ceived a letter from Durban, Natal, enclosing two
fine samples of Sealslann cotton, valued respectively
at four and five shillings the pound, This kind of
cotton, which is one of the finest sorts, succeeds
well, and is said to be better adapted to the climate
than any other. The weather in tt.at part has been
unfavourable, being very stormy, but the planters
were not discouraged. Cotton in Barbary is de-
scribed as thriving, and the Moors have taken up
the notion with great energy. They are sowing
cotton in quantities, and seed had been in great
request. The West Indies are fortunately well
adapted to the growth of cotton, as might ba sup-
posed from their geographical position. Shoult
they be able to ope❑ a good trade in this quarter it
will go far towards restoring their long lost
prosperity.
From Jamaica samples have been received, valued
as high as 33d. and 34d. per puuud. From the goe
vernor of Antigua a fine sample, grown from New
Orleans seed, has been received, with a despatch
stating that it had been grown under unfavourable
circumstances, as from the period of planting to
that of picking—three months—no rain whatever
had fallen. The Governor is very anxious that the
cotton cultivation should have a fair trial in this
island, as there are many estates now lying waste
which might be turned to profitabee account. Frum
Berbiee and St. Thomas there are favourable ac-
counts, white in Ceylon an individual has made an
experiment with so much success that he has made
application for seed sufficient to plant 50 acres. In
the Navigator Islands the attempt to sow cotton
is also being made with a fair prospect of success.
But the cultivation is not everywhere prosperous,
and the Association chronicles with equal fiaelity
the efforts which fail and which answer. In Madeira
it has proved a decided failure; a plot of ten acres
being in one instance planted three times without
any result. One speculator had been more fortunate
in his first attempts, but subsequently his crop en-
tirely failed, so that experienced men are of
opinion that it wiil not do to try cotton
in Madeira. This affords a curious contrast
to soma other localities not, one would think,

1 AN ENGLISH LADY'S CARICATURE OF PARISIAN
FRENCHMEN.—I was very fond of walking in the
Bois do Boulogne, Parisian Madame is very great there.
Dressed within an inch of her life, she haughtily surveys
from her carriage tho humble pedestrian, I like the ap-
p arance of Madame.—l saw many faces which pleased me
mightily—piquant faces, with bright eyes, clear skins, full
lips, and pert little noses of no particular architecture. I
cannot speak so favourably of Parisian Monsieur ; he is an
ill lookin; animal ; he is fat, stumpy, and badly put to-
gether ; he has short, sunk features, and a sallow dirty
skin. The hat he wears does not improve him. His hair
cut close, after the fashion of the enforced coiffure of her
Majesty's gaols, is not becoming. He shaves off his whis-
kers and a livid blue mask meanders over his fat cheeks.
The nape of his neck is thick and red, and his closely-
shaven head reveals it in all its hideousness. Ido not like
Parisian Mossoo ; he is rude and ill-bred. La politesse
_Franeaise n existe plus—it must have been one of the ear-
hstst victims of the Revolution.—London Society.
IRE NEw CATHOLIC CHAPEL AT LEAMINGTON•
ceremony of consecrating the new Roman
Catholic chapel at Leamington was commenced on 'Wed-
nesday morning, by the bishop, Dr. 1:11a:hrone, assisted by
the Rev. G. Jeffries, vicar-general, and about eight or nine
clergy. The walls of the chapel were first sprinkled, out-
side and inside, with holy water, and afterwards the altar
aas consecrated. There was a Maltese cross in the nave,
upon the two shafts of which the bishop wrote the letters
the Greek and Latin alphabet, signifying the union of
Gi eek, barbarian, and different nations in the one fold of
Ctwist. The celebration of Mass brought the ceremony to
acl sse about eleven o'clock. The chapel, which stands
upon a large and eligible plot of land, in Dormer-place,
oppo site to the Royal Pump Room Gardens is said to be
one of the finest of any of the Catholic chapels within the
circuit chc the midland district. It has been erected by Mr.
W. G. sasscoyne, builder, of Leamington, from the designs
of hlr, Chitton, New Burlington-street, Lonton.
" LORD DUN DREARY" AND "BROTHER SAM" IN
THE Last: .I)lm:um—Under this heading we recently
inserted a paragraph which has, we regret to hear, causec
some annoyance to Mr Clifford (the manager of the Kee.
wick Theatre), a gentleman who holds a respectable position
in his profession, and who is deservedly esteemed in the
Lake district. Our correspondent who furnished us with
this information in good faith was unwittingly made parti-
cipator in a foolish 4944

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

MR, ALFRED MELLON'S CONCERTS.

[REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.]

Another week of these delightful and thoroughly
popular musical entertaiments is drawing to a close,
with, on the part of the public itself, a growing
evidence of their appreciation. The nightly atten-
dance in the Royal Italian Opera House at Covent
Garden, affords evidence of this, of the most conclu-
sive character. Nor is it matter for surprise
that it should be so—particularly now when
the vast majority of the places of public
entertainment (among these nearly the whole
of the London theatres) are closed inhosa
pitably against all sight-seeing Londoners.
Thanks to Mr Mellon, however—now that the Opera
Houses are both of them closed, here at Covent
Gard( n, there at Her Majesty's, when Drury Lane
is shut, and the Haymarket, and the St. James's,
and the Westminster, and Sadler's Wells, and the
Lyceum—when even individual entwaiuers,
like Mr Woodin, have packed up their proper=
ties for a tour in the provinces—thanks, we
say, during this no-season among the generality of
managers, conductors, and entertainers, thanks to
Mr. Alfred Mallon's enterprize in the matter of
these Concerts, we can enjoy any, nay every, night
if we please, a feast of sweet sounds—music by the
most gifted masters, executed by the most accom-
plished performers. Madlle. Marie Krebs on the
piano, Mr. Carrodus on the violin, Mr Levy on the
cornet-a-piston, Ali Ben Sou-Alle on the Turko-
phone, Madlie. Carlotta Patti on that marvellous,
magical organ of her own—her vole I Last even.
ing (another of Mr, Mellon's Thursdays!) was the
night set apart, this week, for the works of
Mendelssohn—as the previous Thursday had been
set apart far those) of Mozart and as next
Thursday (an exceptionally grand attraction even
among these Thursdays) is to be set apart for
the works of) Beethoven.

AMERICA.

Meeting of Crowned Heads at Kissingen,

Galignani publishes an interming letter from
Kissinger), giving a comparative sketch of its merits
over those of other watering places, and containing
an amusing account of the doings of Royal and Im-
perial personages there:—

There are but few French here, and scarcely any Englimit.
In the social aspects of Kissingen there is a commendable
absence of the follies of fashionable life. There is no Casino,
no Kureaal, as at Wiesbaden, Ems, and Baden Baden, and,
consequently, the canons of good taste are not offended by
the pretentious toilettes and vicious excesses which have
rendered those places so notorious. In its secluded position,
its rural environs, and the every day life of the visitors,
Kissingen bears a strong resemblance to Schwalbach. Yet
the appearance of the guests and the character of the waters
in the two places are the very antipodes of each other. At
Kissingen, the majority of the visitors are more or less over-
grown, more or less florid-looking, and the males out-num-
ber the females 10 to 1. The waters, with a plain dietary
regimen and plenty of exercise,are very efficacious in check-
ing any tendency to corpulency, and are useful in the cure
of dyspepsia and all derangements of the stomach. At
Schwalbach the visitors are generally thin, pale-looking,
and the females outnumber vastly the males. As the iron
waters enrich the blood, and the object in taking them is
to add flesh and not reduce it, the exercise prescribed
to those taking the cure at Schwalbach is very
light, while the diet is rich and abundant. At the latte,
place the ladies remain sitting all day long on rural benches
under the trees, listening to the music; whilst at Kissingen
every path and corner is invaded from six to eight in the
morning and four to six in the afternoon by endless crowds
of mostly male promenaders, walking with intense euergy,
and looking as if engaged in the performance of some solemn
religious duty. A flue band of music performs during the
hours of promenade. The visit of the Imperial and Royal
personages here produced no perceptible influence on the
usual routine of life. The Imperial family of Russia set a
notable example by the unostentatious style of their manners
The Empress walked out in the beautiful grounds every
day, dressed in marked simplicity. Wherever she went, she
was the observed of all observers. She is a graceful-looking
woman, of slight physique, Saxon type of features, and ap-
parently about 45 years of ege. She took the cure regularly
under the advice of the best resident physician, whom
she consulted upon her arrival. She looked well, and
was not seriously indisposed, but the cruel rigour of the
Russian winters had tried her constitution severely, and it
was believed by her medical advisers that a thorough
change of air, with the use of proper medicinal waters,
would do her great good. Of the Russian Imperial family
who have been sojourning in Kissingen, there were, besidra
the Emperor and Empress, two of the younger Grand
Dukes, the Grand Duchess Helen, and the Prince Imperial
Cesarowitch, just turned 20, of fine personal presence and
very egret able manners. lie is at present, as you are awate,
making a general tour through Europe. The Emperor was
to be seen constantly during his stay walking about the
public grounds, and not uhttequently in the society of the
new King of Bavaria. His costume was a simple morning
dress, with a plain grey hat, in striving contrast with the
military uniform which he invariably wears in public when
in Russia. In most of his rambles he was accompanied by
his favourite black setter dog, "Mylord," of English stock.
The young King of Bavaria had an opportunity of making
the personal acquaintance of the Emperor of Austria and
of the Imperial family of Russia. He is not yet nineteen,
but very manly in appearance, with a fine Raphaelite face,
and expressive large blue eyes. He has been brought up
with his younger brother, under the guardianship of a
Protestant mother, in a strict and domestio manner, and
has seen comparatively little of life outside of his father's
palace. Indeed, his education was not yet completed, as it
had been definitely arranged that he should go to the 'Uni-
versity this winter, when all at once his father's demise de-
volved on him the duties of Royalty. His portrait, which
previously was scarcely known to the people, is at pre-
sent in every window. For two or three days prior to
quitting Kissingen, he was confined to his apartment by
the effects of fatigue, and his re-appearance on the morning
of his departure, was a signal for quite an outburst of
popular enthusiasm.

Imprisonment of Four Italians in Bokhara,

The Burkaru gives some details relating to the
. imprisonment of the Italian adventurers, now sup-
posed to be lingering in the custody of the Barba-
. roue Khan of Bokhara, or, as is more probable,
condemned to the fate of our own unfortunate
Stoddart and Conolly in the same inhospitable
region :—" The party consisted of four Italians and
an attendant, who acted as an interpreter and gave
himself out as a Russian. They arrived at Bokhara
• in October last and took up their quarters in a cara-
vanserai in the town. Here they were visited by
the Wuzeer, to whom they explained the object of
their mission. He closely examined their effects,
which comprised some merchandise, in the shape of
spring toys, jacks-in-boxes, a handeorgan, and other
curiosities, and after exacting a heavy duty he left
them, intimating that they would be allowed to
purchase small quantities of silk in the bazaar until
the King's pleasure was known. The Ameer was
at this time absent on an expedition to Kuban, and
on being apprised of the presence of these foreigners
at his capital, he ordered that they should be placed
in the principal fort, the B %la Hiesar, but should net
be treated as prisoners. On his return, the Ameer
granted them an audience, and inspected their curio-
sities. Their papers subs( quently underwent a closer
scrutiny, and, unfortunately for the Italians, some
ketches of the country traversed by them, and a
plan of the bazaar of Bokhara itself, were dis-
covered, which roused the Ameer's worst suspi-
cions of their inimical character, and led to their
immediate removal to the notorious subterranean
prison known as ' the Al Knunna,' or Dark Well.
After a week's incarceration in this chamber of
horrors, the Ameer, it is alleged, relented, and
ordered the strangers back to the Bala Hisser, or
principal fort. This occurred in November last,
and later intelligence received would seem to show
that they continued to be detained at this fort
pending a reference made to the Court of St.
Petersburg by the Ameer. On their rerr oval to
the prison of the Dark Well, orders were given for
the confiscation and public sale of their property,
and a few articles belonging to the captives have
thus found their way to the hands of the Punjab
authorities. We have in this circumstance a repeti-
;ion of what happened to a portion of the property
of the lamented Stoddart, one of whose sextants and
several hooks were brought to St. Petersburg during
his captivity at Bokhara. Meanwhile the Chevalier
Bonhomme, as an envoy from the King of Italy, will
have reached Teheran, and will lose no time in for-
svardieg letters which he bears from the Sultan of
l'urkey, as head of the faithful, to the Ameer o;
Bukhara i❑ behalf of the Italian captives. But it is
to be feared t hat, like that of the spiritual head of
Rome, the influence of the Ottoman Sultan in tem•
poral matters is very faint in the ultramontane re
gions of Bokhara. The general impression is that
the influence of Russia alone can save the men, and
it is confidently expected that it will be vigorously
employed."

Frederick Douglass on the American War,

The following is an extract from a recent letter
from Mr. Douglass to an English correspondent
who had helped to send out a box of clothing for
the distressed fugitives in Washington, D.C., and
who wished to assist the society conducted by
coloured people. Mr. Douglass's rebuke of Mr.
Lincoln's Government comes with peculiar force
from one of the sufferers :
My knowledge of the character and efficiency of
the Freedman's Relief Scciety at Washington was
obtained last summer by attending its annual
meeting at the Fifteenth.street Presbyterian Church
in that city. Tt'ere were present about fifty ladies
and gentlemen. But these were to all outward
seeming well entitled to the name I give them. I
never was in a more orderly or business-like society.
Tile sight of these kind, good people endeavouring
to do something towards mitigating the sufferings
of their race, and to assist in their improvement,
would have been gratifying to you. I shall send
your letter to Miss E. V. Brown, the correspond-
ing secretary of the Washington Freedman's
Association. She is better able than I to give
you direct information as to what the society
has done, is doing, and proposes to do. When the
question of %agonising these Freedman's Associa-
cloys was first raised I opposed such organisations,
chiefly on the ground that they would tend to keep
alive the hurtful idea that the negro cannot take
care of himself. And even now .1 insist that these
societies ought not to be necessary, and would not
if the Government and people of the country would
only be just in their dealings with them. These
newly-freed people are victimised on every hand.
Their strong men have been literally swept
iat.) the army, and the weak ones left to endure
untold suffering. Heretofore our Government has
hardly paid them money enough to buy the shoes
they march in. Had we justice we should not need

generosity.
You have said some sharp things in the Inquirer
of the conduct of the Washington Government,
but none too sharp. The more you can say of the
swindle by which our Government claims the
respect of mankind for abolishing slavery—at the
same time that it is practically re-establishing
that hateful system in Louisiana, tinder General
Banks—the better. I have not readily consented
to the claims set up in the name of anti-slavery for
our Government, but I have tried to believe all
for the best. My patience and faith are not very
strong now. The treatment of our black soldiers
—the refusal to pay them any like equal conapen
sation, though it was promised them when they
enlisted; the refusal to insist upon the ex-
change of coloured prisoners, and to retaliate
upon rebel prisoners when coloured prisoners have
been slaughtered in cold blood, although the Presis
dent has repeatedly promised thus to protect the
lives of his coloured soldiers—have worn my patience
quite threadbare. The President has virtually laid
down this as the rule of his statesmen : Do evil by
choice, right from necessity. You will see that he
does not sign the bill adopted by Congress restricting
the organisation of State Governments only to those
States where there is a loyal majority. liis plan
is to organise such Governments wherever there is
one-tenth of the people loyal !--an entire contra-
diction of the constitutional idea of Republican
Government. I see no purpose on the part of Lin-
coln and his friends to extend the elective franchise
to the coloured people of the South, but the con-
trary. This is extremely dishonourable. No rebuke
of it can be too stinging from your side of the
water. The negro is deemed good enough to fight
for the Government, but not good' to vote or enjoy
the right to vote in the Government. We invest

with the elective franchise those who with bloody
blades and bloody hands have sought the life of the

nation, but sternly refuse to invest those who have

. -
done what they could to save the nation's life. This
discrimination becomes more dishonourable when
the circumstances are duly considered. Our Govern

meta asks the negro to espouse its cause ; csks him

to turn against his master, and thus fire his master's

nate against him. Well, when it has attained pence,
what does it propose ? Why this, to hand the negro
back to the political power of his master, without

tt single element of strength to shield himself from

he vindictive spirit sure to be• roused against the
wnole coloured race.

You can exsily imagine that my life during all
this war has been a❑ anxious one. Constituted as

I am, and identified as I am wi►h the hated clays
whose fortunes tremble constantly in the balance,
there is no rest for my spirit amid this terrible

strife. My son Lewis has been honourably dis-
charged from the 54th Massachusetts Regiment,
but he is stilt with the regiment in South Carolina,
acting as sutler's clerk. My son Charles has been
in several of the recent battles round Petersburg,
Virginia. A week ago he was still unharmed. We
take up the paper each morning with a hesitating
nand, for we know not what it may bring. Our
country—l mean the North as well as the South—
seems rapidly tending to ruin. Our financial con-
dition is rapidly IN, aging itself to the level predicted
for it by some of your statesmen as well as ours. Our
people don't want to be taxed to sustain the public
credit, and impose upon our financiers the Egyptian
task of making bricks without straw. Chase's re•
signation, I fear, will prove a heavy blow to our
credit abroad. Ot all members of the Cabinet Mr.
Chase was perhaps the most anti-slavery. I am ex-
pecting to visit the freed men's camp about Wash-
ington and Alexandria soon, and may hereafter give
you sotne account of their condition and prospects.
My friends about Washington think it does some
good to have me go dowu and talk to them. lam
sure it does me good.