The Sun.
London, England, 1864-10-13 00:00:00

MAILS DUE.

Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton .. Oct 19.
1,,,;.a Marseilles Oct. 13.
Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Nov. 4.
Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Oct. 29.
China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton Oct. 19.
via Marseilles Oct. 13.

Falkland Islands .. .. ••••

Gibraltar, via Southampton Oct. 11.
India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Oct. 19.

-- .
- . via Marseilles Oct, 13.
India (Bombay), via Southampton Oct. U.
via Marseilles Oct. 6.
Portuga1....
Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Oct. 11.
via Marseilles Oct. 6.
Newfoundland
Oporto and Vigo:
U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... Oct. 12.
by U.S. packet....
by Canadian packet. Oct. 7.

Adv:ces from Vienna contradict a rumour pubs
lished by some foreign journals that the Austrian
Cabinet had opened negotiations with that of Spain,
in order to come to an understanding as to the policy
they should pursue in common on the subject of the
Franco•ltalian Convention.

The City of London has arrived from N2W York
with £62,600.
A further sum of £4,000 in gold was taken into
the Bank yesterday.
The failare has taken place of Mr Louis Speltz,
commission merchant, of Liverpool. The liabilities
are stated at £250,000 upon his own acceptances,
and £70,030 on endorsements and engagements on
other bills, of which £50,000 is expected to rank on
the estate. The assets are described as of an uncer.
tain character, and the books have been placed in
the hands of Messrs C. F. Kemp, Ford, and Co.
The suspension has been announced of Messrs.
P. E. Bendir and Co., merchants and commission
agents, of Mark lane. The books have been placed
in the hands of Mr. S. Lowell Puce, and the
liabilities are stated at £35,000.
The last week's railway receipts, ascertained np
to this day, are in round figures as under :

1864. 1863.
Great Western
North-Western 111,161 101,209
South-Western
Brighton
Midland
South Eastern
Great Northern
Lancashire and Yorkshire..
Bristol and Exeter
North •Eastern 63,106 58,970
Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln 19,322 17,807
Great Eastern
These. returns are generally of a very favourable
character. On the Great Western there is an in.
crease of £7,259 ; on the North Western of £9,955 ;
on the South 'Western of £2,695; on the Brighton
of £3,549 ; on the Midland of £6,147 ; on the
South Eastern of £4,649 ; on the Great Northern
of £4,529 ; on the Lancashire and Yorkshire of
£3,220; on the Bri9tol and Exeter of £45 ; on the
North Eastern of £4,13G; on the Manchester,
Sheffield, and Lincoln of £1,515; and on the
Great Eastern of £1,677.
STRANGE STORY.-A letter from St. Petersburg
mentions an extraordinary affair which lately oc.
curred in the town of Orel. A great local landowner had
a large sum (43,000 silver roubles) to receive through the
police-office of that town. On applying for the amount he
was told that the money could not be handed over to him
unless he presented the office with 5,000 silver roubles. He
refused, and immediately reported the case to St. Petersburg,
and the money was paid over to him. But on the evening of
the same day, as he was quietly smoking in his study, a loud
ring was heard at the bell. The servant on
%Ailing the door
was
I-po
instantlya rushed uPsinoi into edand 4 men, their faces covered with
black the
they
room opml
a.i Ty hteo lda nhdiomw nheer a
must
them what they wanted ;
hand over his 43,000 roubles. With the greatest coolness
he went over to his strong box, opened it, seized a revolver,
e
which was laid on the top shelf, and shot two of the rob-
bers dead, the other two immediately taking to their heels.
crapelle t b
h e ne
nsent
removedf orassistance,from the
facesp police, c et
h, &e"
dead endm on the
they
recognised as the head of the police
were
The body of the former has been removed to Nice for in-
terment.
The formation of the great military road between
Freshwater and Chald, on the south-west coast of the Isle
of Wight, has commenced. The most important part of the
work will be the viaduct over Brexton Grange,
The quotation of gold at Paris is about 3 per mille pm., and
the short exchange on London is 25.30 per £1 sterling.. On
comparing these rates with the English !dint price of £3
178. 100. per ounce for standard gold, it appears that gold is
about 2-ICtlis per cent. dearer iu London than in Paris.
By advicr s from Hamburg the price of gold is 423 per mark
and the short exchange on London is 13.51 per £1 stalky'.
Standard gold at the Enßlish Mint price is, thrrefe re, about
7-I•.tlis per cent. dealer in London than in 'Limburg.

Visit of the Chancellor of the Exchequer to

Lancashire.

BOLTON, Wednesday.

The public opening of Farnworth Parka pleasing
and somewhat picturesque enclosure, situate within
three miles of Bolton, took place this afternoon.
The park, containing from 12 to 13 acres, and very
tastefully laid out, is the gift of Mr Thos. Barnes,
M.P., to the local bor rd, for the benefit of the people
of the district. Advantage was taken of the visit of
Mr Gladstone to give eclat to the proceedings. A
general holiday was observed in Bolton and Fern,.
worth. Processions of Sunday and ragged school
children, members of friendly societies, Odd Fellows,
and others, accompanied by brass bands, took part
in the ceremony. A raised platform at the upper end
of the park, draped with scarlet, white, and blue
glazed calico, afforded ample accommodation to the
numerous body of ladies and gentlemen who had
obtained tickets of admission. Immediately behind
the platform a spacious marquee was erected, where
dejeuner was laid out for 700 guests. Shortly
after one o'clock Mr Gladstone, with Mrs Glad.
stone, arrived at the park entrance, accompanied by
Mr Thomas Barnes, M.P., Sir J. P. Shuttleworth,
High Sheriff of the county, the Earl of Ellesmere,
the Hon. Algernon Egerton, M.P., Lieut. Col. Gray,
M.P., Mr Massey, M.P., 31; Bazley, M.P., Mr Pilk-
ington, M.P., Mr Hibbert, M.P., Mr J. Cheatham,
Mr J. R. Barnes, followed by the Mayor and other
municipal authorities of Bolton, and several of the
clergy and gentlemen of the town and neighbour-
hood. The Bishop of Manchester was to have been
there to deliver a prayer, but he was unavoidably
absent. Great delay occurred in consequence of the
length of the procession. It was nearly 2 o'clock
when the ceremony commenced by the Sunday
scholars singing the 100th Psalm.

Mr. THOMAS BARNES, 'M.P., then made the formal
presentation of thn park to his neighbours and
friends, and especially tae working Well LLa
of icarnweeth, for their free use and enjoyment for
ever. He did so in the firm belief that it would
materially contribute to their health, enjoyment,
and happiness.
Three cheers having been given for the donor,
TV.. cei.a...heaJea.ea, W. w tiu was
received with loud and continued cheering, said,—
Ladies and gentlemen, I believe that my first and
formal duty imposed on me by the appointed order
of proceeding is to declare in your presence that this
park is now once and for ever opened and dedicated
to the public good, (Cheers.) As respects the gift
of the park, that has been made in the hearing of
witnesses sufficiently numerous by cur friend Mr.
Barnes, and as regards the acceptance of the park
I ask any of those who witnessed the spectacle of
today, who has seen the whole population, young
and old, rich and poor, and not only the whole
population of this place, but a good auxiliary force
from ail the country round. (Cheers.) I can only
say that if that does not constitute an acceptance of
the park, Ido not know what does. (Cheers.) In
compliance with the religious and wise custom which
prevails, it has been usual that solemn prayer should
be made to Almighty God on occasions like this,
We have learnt why, mainly through the absence
of the bishop, it has been impossible that we
should externally comply with that honoured
practice ; but, as respects the sentiments within the
breast of every one of us, I am sure that none who
listened to the heartstirring accents of the Psalm
just sung can doubt that it is the belief and convic-
tion of this vast assembly that all our works, in
order to bring a blessing with them, must be begun,
continued, and ended in the fear and the love of
God. (Cheers.) I pass on, therefore, to speak to you,
as the time and circumstances will permit, upon the
character of the occasion now before us. The pre•
sentation by Mr Barnes is happily not an isolated
act. It is part of a great system, part of a great
movement. He is, indeed, the representative, and
the honoured representative, of a principle and a
tendency which is among the very best characterise
tics of the age. (Cheers.) In this busy, stirring,
critical, industrious, enterprising, money-making,
money-accumulating age it is well that while these
pursuits have full scope given it should not be for-
gotten that there are other wants and other inte-
rests; and, in particular, I call Mr Barnes on this
occasion the representative of a deep and growing
conviction with respect to the relation that ought
to prevail, and that happily now to a very great
extent does prevail, between the employer of labour
and the labouring population of the land, (Cheers.)
I think, ladies and gentlemen, that it is about 30
years since a gentleman of high character and of
great ability, employed in the public service in Ire.
land, created very considerable alarm and apprehen-
sion by putting forth in a concise and telling form
what was thought the somewhat revolutionary
doctrine that " property has its duties as well as Its
rights," The doctrine was received by many for the
moment as revolutionary—as if it were some mon.
strous conception aiming at the breaking up of
society ; but that dreaded monster, if such it was, has
now become a domesticated idea. (A laugh.) It has
entered with us into every house, and it lies as quietly
by our firesides as if it were the favourite
dog or cat of the family. (Cheers and laughter.)
Property has its duties as well as its rights, and
the relation of the man who employs labour to the
man who gives labour never can be permanently
satisfactory to secure if the exercise and practical
form of that relation is confined to the more sets

tling of the cash account of the wages of the man

(Cheers.) It is doing violence to the principles of
human nature, it is running up a score against
ourselves, it is offending against the will and de-
signs of Divine providence, if we refuse to recog-
nise the fact that moral associations and social and
endearing ties of affection belong to, and ought
never to be severed from, the relation between the
the master and the workman. (Cheers.) Well, now,
circumstances brought about a result which at first
did not appear satisfactory to the manufacturing
districts of this country, but which I believe was a
matter calling for the deepest thankfulness. I
mean this—the relation of employer and labourer
had never been in this country thoroughly and
carefully examined until it came to be examined
in the case of the factory system. When it was
examined much was brought to light that was
highly unsatisfactory. There can be no doubt at

all, as a matter of fact, that partly owing to the
state of the law, and partly owing to human in-
firmity and negligence, much was discovered which
called for amendment. It does not follow that the
state of the factory system even at that time was
in any respect worse than the state of the genera]
relations between the employers and the givers of
labour throughout the country—but you were first
of all placed under jealous and microscopic examine
ation. Much criticism was the result; bugbears
were sent abroad through the country. The idea
began to be entertained in many quarters that the face
tory population, and those who employed them were
a set of tyrants or misers—and, it was believed that
there was something hopelessly incurable in the na-
ture of the system, and you will well recollect that
the ignominious appellation of white slavery was by
many persons in the country applied to it. I don't
know that it was a very pleasant process for Lanca-
shire to undergo that examination, but, after all,
Lancashire has come better out of it than might
have been expected. For what has since taken
place ?—the laws have been amended, and with the
amendment of the laws there has come—what ? No
amendment of the law can of itself secure a wiser,
a kinder, a more philanthropic, a more enlighten
spirit on the part of the employers of labour, a more
ordtrly habit, a higher intelligence, Et stronger con-
fidence, a more affectionate system on the part of
those by whom labour is given. It is not too much
to say, though I doubt not much may remain to be
done, it is not too much to say that something like
a moral transformation has passed over the district
in which I speak, and in no part of England more
than here, in the circumstances of the last few
years. I say the manner in which suffering has
been met—that Surest test of what constitutes the
true man—has sewed the question of the estimation
in which the factory population are to be held by
the rest of their fellow-countrymen. Now let me
turn more closely to
rthe subject that has brought
us together to-day. chose employers of labour—
I mean the masters of factories---who were first of
all placed under critical and jealous examination,
instances, in instances
have now bccAno in many