The Sun.
London, England, 1852-11-12 00:00:00

[PRICE 5.D.

The Judges of the Equity and Common Law
Courts were nearly ail in attendance. Their Lordships
occupied the cross benches in front of the Throne ; a
large muster of the corps diplonatique and several of the
Bishops—including the Archbishop of Canterbury and
Bishops of London and Oxford—appeared in the bench
below them.

The Duke of Cambridge arrived early, and tool: up a
politiou near the Throne.

There were altog,,,ther about 100 Peers in the House.
Besides those already mentioned, the Earl of Cardigan,
Lord Abinger, Lord Beaumont, the Margins of Win-
chester, Lord Redesdale, &o. ez,c.

At two o'clock, by which time all the company had
arrived, the House preeentcd a very gorgeous vppear-
ance; the gaily and various-coloured dresses of the
Peeresses, and the other ladies, contrasting well with
the robes of the P,lers, and the uniforms of the corps
diptomatique.

At 20 minut, s past two,thc tiring of cannon ar.nou7ced
the approach of the Queen ; a few minutes afterwards
her Mnjesly entered, leaning on the arm of Prince
Albert, and preceded and followed by the usual Officers
of State and Pages. Tho Earl of Derby carried the
Sword of State, the Earl of Lonsdale the Crown. and
the Marquis of Winchester the Cap of Maintenance.
Her Majesty having taken her scat on the Throne, and
requested her reople to bo seated, the Deputy Usher
of the Black Rod was dispatched to summon the
Commons.

Without many minutes delay the Speaker made his
appearance, followed by the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer, Mr. Secretary Walpole, and Sir. J. PakinE,ton,
and other Ihnourable Members.

Her Majesty then delivered with great distinctness and
emphesis the following gracious SpcfTh, every word being,
heard at the extrem,s end of the House, except when the
bustle crated by the rush of Members to the bar, and
the cracking of the chandelier lights, drowned her

"MY LORDS AND GENTLEMEN,
"I cannot meet you for the first time after the
dissolution of Parliament, without expressing my
deep sorrow, in which I am sure you will parti-
cipate, that your deliberations can no longer be
aided by the counsels of that illustrious man whose
great achievements have exalted the name of Eng-
land, and in whose loyalty and patriotism the in-
terests of my Throne and of my people ever found
an unfailing support. I rely with confidence on
your desire to join with me in taking such steps as
may mark your sense of the irreparable loss which
the country has sustained by the death of Arthur,
Duke of Wellington.
" I am happy to acknowledge the readiness with
which my subjects in general have come forward, in
pursuance of the Act of last session, to join the ranks
of the Militia ; and I confidently trust that the force
thus raised by voluntary enlistment, will be calcu-
lated to give effective aid to my regular army for the
protection and security of the country.
" I continue to receive from all Foreign Powers
assurances of their anxious desire to maintain the
friendly relations now happily subsisting with my
Government.
"Frequent and well-founded complaints on the
part of my North American Colonies, of infractions
by citizens of the United States, of the Fishery Con-
vention of 1818, induced me to dispatch for the pro-
tection of their interests a class of vessels better adapted
to the service than those which had been previously
employed. This step has led to discussions with the
Government of the United States ; and while the
rights of my subjects have been firmly maintained,
the friendly spirit in which the question has been
treated induces me to hope that the ultimate result
may be a mutually beneficial extension and improve-
ment of our commercial intercourse with that great
Republic.
" The Special Commission which, in concert with
the Prince President of the French Republic, I
deemed it right to send to the Argentine Confedera-
tion, has been received with the utmost cordiality,
and the wise and enlightened policy of the Provisional
Director has already opened to the commerce of the
world the great rivers hitherto closed, which afford
an access to the interior of the vast Continent of
South America.
" I have the satisfaction of announcing to you that
the sincere and zealous efforts of the Government of
Brazil for the suppression of the Slave Trade, now
nearly extinguished on that coast, have enabled me
to suspend the stringent measures which I had been
compelled reluctantly to adopt, a recurrence to which
I anxiously hope may be proved to be unnecessary.
" The Government of Her Most Faithful Mejesty
have fully recognized the justice of the claim which
my Government have long urged for the abolition of
the discriminating duties on the export of Wine, and
have passed a decree for giving complete effect to
the stipulations of the Treaty on this subject.
" You will probably deem it advisable to resume
the inquiries which were commenced by the late Par-
liament, with a view to legislation on the subject of
the future government of my East Indian Posses-
sions.
" GENTLEMEN OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS,
" The estimates for the ensuing year will in due
time be laid before you.
" The advancement of the Fine Arts and of Prac-
tical Science will be readily recognized by you as
worthy of the attention of a great and enlightened
nation. I have directed that a comprehensive scheme
shall be laid before you, having in view the promo-
tion of these objects, towards which I invite your aid
and co-operation.
"MY LORDS AND GENTLEMEN,
" It gives me pleasure to be enabled by the bless-
ing of Providence to congratulate you on the gene-
rally improved condition of the country, and espe-
cially of the Industrious Classes. If you should be
of opinion that recent legislation in contributing with
other causes, to this happy result, has at the same
time inflicted unavoidable injury on certain im-
portant interests, I recommend you dispassionately
to consider how far it may be practicable equitably to
mitigate that injury, and to enable the industry of
the country to meet successfully that unrestricted
competition to which Parliament, in its wisdom, has
decided that it should be subjected.
" I trust that the general improvement, notwith-
standing manytobstacles, has extended to Ireland; d
while I rely with confidence on your aid, should igi_nbe.
required, to restrain that unhappy spirit of
bo
nation and turbulence which produces ma
nYation of
gravates all of the evils which afflict -hhataitoption of
insand
my dominions, I recommend to you e_
such a liberal and generous policy from the de-
pressionma encourage and assist her to rallyb the sufferings
in which she has been sank sotards Ireland, as
of late years. yghotf ever branch
ibsrsaunec ha
" Anxious to promote theh evtfie oti
he no
of our National Church,Dl_
d have thought
to me how far, in
Commission to incil.ireitu.
religious educa-
lar Institutions of the coun-
trytheir opinion, thoefU p
beinga made more effective for the
are capable
g
cation, and ecclesiastical
should
igcialus
inquiring into the system of education
"I have directed that
. the report of the Commis-
rest objects of
.relti
pursued. at Oxford and Cambridge,
the governing bodies of those U •
be COM.
Wunicated to
Commis-
sioners for
Univer-
sities for their consideration, and I rely upon your
readiness to remove any legal
clifficulties
which may
impede the desire of the Universities at large, or of
the several Colleges, to introduce such amendments
into their existing system as they may deem to be
more in accordance with the requirements of the pre-
sent time.
"The system of
Secondary Punishments has use-
fully occupied the labours of
• Parliaments,
and I shall rejoice if you shallsufincedessve
itl possible to de-
vise means by which, without giving encouragement
to crime, transportation to Van Diemen's Land may
at no distant period be altogether discontinued.
" The subject of Legal Reform continues to engage
my anxious attention. The Acts passed in the last
session of Parliament have been followed up by the
orders necessary for putting them in operation ; in-

quirks are in progr6Es, by my (111'c:olio: ), with a view
of bringing into harmony the testannu tery jurisdic-
tion of my several Courts; and bills be submitted
to you for effecting further improve: tents in the ad-
ministration of the Jaw.

" T 3 the3e, and other measures affs ding the social
condition of the country, Icm persu ailed that you
will give yonr envnest and v.ealous at.t?ntion ; and I
pray that by the blosing of Almighty God, yuur de•
liberations may be guided to the well-b.ng and
happiness of my people."
After the Speech, her Majesty left the Ir.ouse and
returned to Buckingham Palace, in the same order in
which she arrived.
Their Lordships then adjournet.l during pleasure.
Tel

le LORD CRANCELLOR took his seat on the Wool-
ek a: 5 o'clock.

The el attedance of Peers on the Mit tisteriel side was
exceedingly ntfroereue, halt the Opposi.tion Peers also
mustered strongly.
The Earl of Derby, the Duke of Northu Therland, the
Earl of Eglinton, the Earl of Maimesbury Lord Col-
chester, occupied the Ministerial bench ; aenong those
en the Opposition tide were the Marquis of L untelowne,
the Dare of Newcastle, the Marquis of Clanrioarcie, the
Earl of Carlisle, Lord Brougham, the Earl of Ait)erdeen,
Lord Stanley of Alderley, Earl Granville.
The attendance cf strangers in the galleries
and below the bar was numerous, and the gal-
lery appropriated to Peerenes was filled.
THE ADDRESS.
The LORD CHANCELLOR having read her Ma-
jesty's Speech,
The Earl of DONOUGHMOEE rose to move that an
humble address be preaented to her Majesty, which, us
usual was an echo of the Royal Speech. The first topics
to which it would be his duty to allude, was an Act
which had been passed in the course of the last Seasion,
for the enrolment of the Militia. It had been
judged necessary that the people of this country
should be placed in a position to resist foreign invasion,
not because foreign invasion was considered imminent,
but because it was thought right that this great country
shouldtree be prepared to meet an invader upon C
coasts. That measure hawks happy to say rd been.
most successful. The officers of the Militia deserved
great credit for the manner in which they had come
forward—(Hear, hear, from Lord Derby)—to use their
influence in the organization of this force. The popu-
lation of the country at large had also comp forward in
the most satisfactory manner, and he might state that in
very few iesteeces would it be necessary to have re-
course to the ballot. The condition of foreign affairs was
most setistactory. They were assured by her Majesty
that she continued to receive assurances of kindly feel-
ing from all foreign Powers. The Noble Earl then pro-
ceeded to allude to the present position of Fraece, and
tAaireadverted in strong toms on the freedom with which
the President had been attacked in the public prints.
The ruler of a neighbouring country, he said,
had been subjected to most unmerited abuse. It
was not at this day the feeling of the British
imam to enter upon any propagandism of their politi-
cal principles. The sufferings of the French nation,
which had resulted free a feeling of this
nature, which they had shown at the close of the last
century, was of itself a sufficient warning against tbts.
Ho believed there was on both sides of the House, and
in all parts of the country, a deep appreciation of
the benefits we derived from cur constenation ;
but that was no reason why we should endea-
vour to force our system upon any other nation.
The French nation had for reasons best known to
themselves, thought fit to change their system of Go-
vernment, but that was no affair of ours, and he regretted
that the chosen ruler of France as he might call him,
thould have undergone such undsecived attecks from a
portion of the press of this country. The next topic
in the Royal Speech, relates to negotiations lately car-
ried on with the United States, and that was a subject
on which there had been so much misapprehension, that
he should feel justified in going mere into detail
on it. In 1818 a convention of commerce had been
signed, on the 20th of October, between England and the
United States, in which there was one article regu-
lating the rights of both countries to the fisheries on the
coasts of Labrador and Newfoundland. The United
States there renounced all liberty of taking or drying
fish within three marine miles of these coasts. The con-
ditions of this treaty had been rigidly maintained by the
cuthoritics of this country, and between the years 1221
and 1851 35 American vessels had been seized for in-
fraction of it. A discussion subsequently erase whether
the three marine miles meant a line drawn at that
distance hem the detentations or from the pro-
minent headlands of the coast. It turned eut
afterwards, that the valuable part of the fisheries was
within the distance of two miles from the coast, even
according to the American interpretation, so that had
we accepted that interpretation, the American Govern-
ment would not have enjoyed the cod-bank fisheries—
the most valuable portion. lie was happy, however, to
state that there was reason to hope that the American
Government had now begun to negotiate cordially on
the subject, and he believed that very large and impor-
tant commercial advantages would be gained to our
North American colonies by a settlement of the question.
With respect to the recent opening of the South Amerize'"eeelslo-4,
can rivers, he believed it was impossible to describe the
great advantages which must be derived to British com-
merce from this opening. The next subject which was
alluded to in the Royal Speech was with regard
to the Brazilian slave trade. (Cries of " Hear.")
In the year 1850 the importation of slaves was 23,000 ;
while in the year 1851, it was reduced to 3,000. With
regard to the duty on wine, the present Government
have entered into a treaty with the Oporto
Wine Company, which would tend to abolish monopoly
in that important branch of commerce. The war which
was novi going on in our Eastern possession rendered
inquiries necessary with a view to legislation. He had
no doubt that the general prosperity of the country could
be attributed to the general cheapening of fbed., With
regard to the unhappy state of Ireland, a mild Liovern-
ment, on a sound basis, was the only means of im-
provieg its condition ; unfortunately there still
existing in Ireland a spirit of insubordination and mist-
ime° to legal authority, and until this is removed vary
little could be done. The national Church like all other
ancient institutions, required reform administered with
a temperate had. The question of Law reform is diae of
the same character. In the case of University reform,
considerable steps had already been made in the proper
direction. The most important measures of the last Ses-
sion were those of Law reform, and these measures were
now in operation, and gave general satisfaction. There
was cue more topic he would touch upon—it was now
the chief thought of the people at large. Ile need hardly
say he alluded to the lamented loss of the Duke of Wel-
liugtoo—a loss not only to this country but to, the world.
His funeral would net only be attended. by Englishmen,
thels eh.edn tboefe been
sbtuattebtftdheaptuntoavt,iothnastirgTneatsemvaeurawlacsoujontrel:r• i
European war no general could be found to lead the
in his opinion, the Duke of Wellington
British
fur,roopsto victory. To this opinion he coui.l not
would have lived in vain bud he not set au example to
Euelishmen which ho had no doubt would, at time of
need, be followed. (Hear.) Ile would not longer de-
tain the House, but would move the adoption of the Ad-
dress.

•

14;.'

The Marquis of BATH, in seconding the motion, be-
spoke the indulgence of their Lordships while be ad-
dressed them for the first time. He was sure that the
sentiments which her Majesty had expressed with refe-
rence to the death of the Duko of Wellington would find
an echo from every individual of every class,
none more than from their Lordships. The character of
type of the two
the Duke of Wellington was the very
national virtues—devotion to his Sovereign and attach-
h-
and from
meut to his country. (Loud cheers.)ei
r Tit; subjectp
5 woans
which the Duke had last addressedt
tohbeerve that great
the national defences ; and ho
finrogland for the manner
praise was duo to the people
in which they had come
dwwouelrde
, n forwardiinod h to
d t :1101 therea
sen ranksto
appre-
hend ptrhee.
foreigng power, but they knew
institutions eir altars ,
any
es might take place, they would
not that, whateTerfee::.
militia. The
sttacpke
forpolme o f
have nothing to
ga.red, oranges
(Hear,th phecoapr.l)e ofTEhneglfaone
aonfdtht:
sle e . Prt nd their homes and h -
oYduythsttleor of the topics contained in the Royal Speech,
ui:ir Sovereign and the
(Cheers.) The Noble Marquis then alluded
nns
too
county}wtufidree di.
to 50113 C
strength and vigourclasses
the
not
tion,
equally
bbut his remarks did not reach ,the gallery. There could
be no question that the manufacturing interests had re-
ecenfi butteivedtireh tr
d le agriculturalen.
These agricultural interest had, in fact,
sour ff ei
mr epde
dmi unicehn, t a
tund
the yet
wt ha eyy ohf a dt h teh
freerow n
wnoor
kobstruction
or impediment in the way of the free working of thethe
new system. On the contrary, they were ready to assist,
in every way, in carrying it out. Though the great
inilk of the industrious classes were enjoying great pro-
sperity, their Lordships should not forget that there
were other Englishmen not less industrious, and not less
loyal, who were suffering from the measures which bad
proved so beneficial to the rest of the community. He
trusted, therefore, that it might be possible to devise
tome means of alleviating the distress of the landed in-
terests that would not be prejudicial to a system under
which the rest of the country had been so prosperous.
(Cheers.) He would not trouble their Lordships with
any remarks uponLsw reform or thelJniversity Commis-
, sion, but he would simply beg to second the Address.
(Cheers.)
The Marquis of LANSDOWNE would not have pre-
awned to say a word after the Speech they had heard
from the Throne, and the remarks of the Noble Lords who
had moved and seconded the Address, were it not that
the subject which formed the most prominent feature of
the Royal Speech, and to which the noble Earl had ad-
verted before he sat down, was ono to which ho felt it
his duty not to call the attention of their Lordships, for
that was already fixed upon ;
remarks. -t, on Which to make a few
Although he did not feel himself authorized
either upon this or any other subject, to speak the sen-
timents and feelings of any class of
Lordships' House, he had perhaps some claim as an in-
dividual to address them on this occsspreons in their
;on, not merely
because of the great personal respect he had for the
Noble Duke, who was lost to his country and to this
House—not merely because, without any political con-
nexion with him whatever, the Noble Duke had done
him the honour at all times to consider him as his friend

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