The Sun.
London, England, 1852-10-16 00:00:00

LONDON, SATURDAY

LITERATURE.

THE POPULAR EDUCATOR. John Cassell.
The first volume of this excellent assistant towards
promoting the education of the people has been com-
pleted. The numerous subjects which have been
partially treated of in the present will, it is an-
nounced, be completed in the succeeding volume.
History, Languages, and Science in various branches,
receive a clear and happy handling in the pages of the
Popular Educator, and it certain►y is entitled to rank
among the, most useful cheap publications of the day,
embracing as it does so many subjects, the knowledge
of which tends both to profit and to pleasure. A most
eligible companion to the individual, it supplies a
mine of multifarious information to the family circle,
and as a sound promoter of useful knowledge we
strongly commend the Popular Educator.

THE MILITARY HISTORY OF THE
DUKE OF WELLINGTON IN INDIA.
A little volume indispensable to the completion of
a thorough knowledge of the main features in the
glorious career of the departed hero. The imperish-
able fame of Wellington appears to the majority to
be exclusively based on his great achievements in
European warfare, but a perusal of these pages will
afford convincing proof that the paramount military
qualities which shone so conspicuously in the fields
of the Peninsula and Belgium were early and re-
markably developed in the plains of Ilinclostan. In
these pages we read the First Act in the mighty
drama of his life, clothed in perspicuous and graphic
language.

BRAZILS AND RIVER PLATE.
SOUTHAMPTON, OCT. 15.—The Royal Mail COM-
pany's steam-ship T. Captain F. E. Mos, with the
Braziiian and River Plate mails, in charge of Lieute-
nant
Dennehy, R.N., Admiralty agent, arrived this
afternoon at two o'clock.

Oa the vorage home the Tay Experienced strong
hcad winds from Rio do Janeiro to Pernambuco,
from thence to Lisbon moderate weather, after
which there was a continuance of strop; northerly
wiDds.

The Tay brings mails from the following places,
to which the latest dates are affixed : --Buenos Ayres,
Ist Sept. ; Monte Video, 4tti ; Rio Janeiro, 14th ;
Bahia, 1911; Pernambuco, 221; St. Vincent, 30th;
Teneriffe, sth Oct.; Madeira, 7th ; Lisboa, 10th.
The freight of the Tay comprised spcie to the
amount of 2751., diamonds to the value of 17,2801.
199 bags of cochineal, 45 boxes of oranges, several
cases of tapioca, and a large number of packages of
general merchandise.
• BUENOS AYRES, AUG. 28.—0 n presenting his cre-
dentials, on the 11th instant, Sir Charles Hotharn
addressed his Excellency the Provisional Director, in
the following terms : .
" Sir,—The Queen, my august Sovereign, being de-
sirous to strengthen the bonds of amity and goodwill
which happily subsist between the two nations, has
entrusted me, in conjunction with the French Envoy,
with a special mission to the Argentine Confederation.
The forbearance end humane consideratinn of all inte-
rests and all persons which your Excellercy has shown
during your recent campaigns, have inspired her Ma-
jesty and the British public at large with confidence in
your wisdom and judgment. Her Majesty feels assured
that your Excellency will lend your earnest attention
to such measures as in the execution of my instructions
I may at the proper period bring to your notice, and
that you will consider her wishes are directed to the
furtherance of objects, which, whilst they connect more
cloiely together the family of nations, she hopes and
believes telid to promote the interest of the countries
over which you preside. Sir, I now do myself the
honour to present my credentials, convinced that on ail
occAsions you will afford me support and 49Bists.nce."
To which his Excellency General Urquiza made
the following reply :
" Mr. Minister,—The Argentine Government, which
feels the most lively sympathy for the British people and
for the Government of her Majesty Queen Victoria,
sincerely desires to fortify in a permanent manner the
bonds of amity that happily exist between the two
states, and that they may be perpetual, for their recipro-
cal benefit and convenience. It accepts with cordial
complacency the courteous expression which the Minis-
ter addresses to it, in the name of his august sovereign
and the British people, and will endeavour in its policy
not to belie the confidence it has inspired. The mis-
sion which her Majesty bas confided to your Excellency,
conjointly with the French Envoy, is an eloquent proof
of the intentions that animate the policy of her Majesty,
and the Argentine Government will do everything in its
power to draw closer the relations of amity and com-
merce between the two countries. It affords me much
satisfaction, Mr. Minister, to receive the powers that
have been given to your Excellency for tne discharge of
your mission, and in its exercise I will lend every pos-
sible co-operation, that it may have a successful issue."
On the same occasion Chevalier de Saint Georges,
on presenting his credentials, spoke as follows :
" Mr. Director,—l have the honour of manifesting to
your Excellency, the powers, in virtue of which lam
appointed to discharge, conjointly with the envoy of
England, an extraordinary and special commission near
the Government cf the Argentine Confederation. On
confiding to me that honourable task the Prince Presi-
d nt of tile Republic, felt complacency in giving your
Excellency an evident proof of his sincere desire to
maintain the most friendly relations with the Argentine
Government, and to see developed the commercial in-
terests that so happily exist between the two countries;
according to the principles of justice, and cqulty, ap-
plicable to all friendly nations. Prince Louis Napoleon
has entire confidence, Mr. Director, nut the personal
character of your Excellency, in the elevn of your
sentiments, and the wisdom of your views.l fulfil
the orders that have been given me,
assurance
uradischargencet
a
very welcome duty expressing this to
your Excellency, uniting my most
sincere and fervent
wishes for the happiness and prosperity of the Argen-

- •
tine people."
To which his Excellency the Provisional Director
replied as follows :
" Mr. Minister,—It affords me great pleasure to be
informal of the powers, in virtue of which your E.
cellency is appointed to discharge, conjointly with the
Envoy of England, an extraordinary and special mission,
near the Government of the Argentine Confederation.
In this step
taken by the President of the French Re_
public, I see with pleasure the desire he entertains of
establishing the friendly relations that have united
re-establishing
with the Republic I have the honour to
direct ; and to cement, in a manner honourable to
both countries, the basis of a solid development of the
great commercial interests that unite them. This sen-
timent is not less cordial and lively on my part, and
I will use every effort compatible with the obligations
imposed upon me by position, and with the honour and
interests of the Confederation, that the wishes of the
Prince President, which aro also my own, may have an
effective realization. It has been satisfactory and affect-
ing for me to learn the confidence which the President
of the Funch Republic has in DIY personal character,
and to be acquainted of his prayers for my felicity and
fcr the prosperity of the Argentine people. I most
cordially appreciate them. The prayers are not leas
sincere and ardent, which I present to the Almighty,
for the happiness of the Prince President, and for all
that concerns the welfare and prosperity of France.
I trust so to evidence it, during the course of the mis-
sion that has been confided to the lofty capacity of
your Excellency.'
Drs. Carril and Lahitte have been declared duly
elected as the two representatives for the province
of Buenos Ayres. With the exception of Don Angel
Elia and Dr. Diego Alvear, for the province of Riojs,
we are not aware that any of the other appointments
have transpired.
We read in the British Pachet:--
" The Charg6 d'Affaires of Bolivia has presented a
protest against the fourth article of the Paraguay treaty,
as compromising the right of his Republic to the joint
navigation of the river Paraguay. Without admitting
the protest or in any way prejudging the pretension of
the Bolivian Government, the Argentine Government
has
referred the case with its antecedents to that of
Paraguay; and in the present mood of South American
diplomacy, an equitable and amicable solution may con-
fidently be anticipated. The opportune recognition of
the Republic of Paraguay has cut the gordian knot of
old and 'overate negotiations, and it is currently reported
that Sir Charles Hotham is about to proceed to Ascune
Mon in her Majesty's steamer Locust ; and we have no
doubt that in a very short time the Plate, the Parana,
and the Partionay will be constituted What Providence,
all wise and all good, evidently intended them to be—
the thoroughfare of nations."
The same journal says
" We aro happy to announce, on the authority of
official documents that the ominous schism which gave
rise to the proclamation of General Benavides, has been
amicably adjusted; and that the legal governor proprie-
tary is reinstated in his honours and authority, without
shedding a single drop of blood, or any kind of hostile
collision. Having inserted the proclamation, partly to
warn our friends at a distance, that complications and
mischief were probably brewing, we now request special
attention to the interesting fact, that the danger is past
and gone. The importance of this pacific triumph, to
the grand cause of national organization, it is impos-
sible to over-rate ; and the friends of order, and the
advocates of progress and humanity, have double cause
for complacency.
"As regards commercial prospects, the amicable re-
cognition of the political independence of the Republic
of Paraguay, and the consequent opening of our interior
rivers to foreign flags, the right hand of fellowship and
intercourse extended to Bolivia, and the convergence of
Argentine interests in a national focus, cemented by re-
ciprocal interests, and guaranteed by recognised rights,
cannot fail to give a salutary and lasting impulse to the
trade of the River Plate. In due course Paraguay must
become an important outlet for European manufactures;
but, after tho fairy tales that have been told of its
wealth and teeming population, we think there is a
danger of its immediate importance, as a consumer of
foreign products, being greatly overrated. As to pri-
mary necessities the Paraguayans require nothing, as an
isolated existence of more than forty years clearly de-
monstrates, and a reasonable period must be allowed to
foster, if not create, a taste for the fineries and luxuries,
that will doubtless follow in the coarse of their progres-
sive advancement. We record this opinion distinctly, in
the hope of moderating the effervescence of a speculative
enthusiasm, which:might prejudice individuals, without a
corresponding benefit to any cause or interest.
" The substance of the preceding remarks applies
equally to several of our interior provinces, whose ex-
port resources must be developed before much stress is
laid on their consuming ability.
" That the province of Buenos Ayres is in good
earnest, may be inferred from the unflagging energy of
the Administration, the many important social and mu-
nicipal reforms already effected, and the respectable list
of announced and projected enterprises. Of the latter,
bearing directly or indirectly on mercantile interests, we
may mention a mole or docks, several lines of railway,
the opening of two or more ports to the south, a steam
navigation company, a public exchange, a provincial
code, and, to crown and concentrate all, the national
constitution. In short, two of the most hopeful symp-
toms of our case aro the increasing interest evinced by
the public in the discussion of these projects, and the
ready and hearty co-operation of the most opposite poli-
tical colours in carrying them into effect. Active em-
ployment in matters of public' interest and beneficence,
and the contact resulting from their daily deliberations
are the best recipe for softening party asperity; and of
this agency his Excellency the Provisional Director
has availed himself with consummate tact and sa-
gacity."
The following is the text of the treaty signed be-
tween the Argentine Confederation and the Republic
of Paraguay :
H. E. the Provisional Director of the Argentine Con-
federation, General Don Justo Jose de Urquiza, and
H. E. the President of the Republic of Paraguay. Don
Carlos Antonio Lopez, with the view of fixing definitely
the relations between the two States, founded on the
principle of reciprocal interest, community of origin,
and other circumstances that naturally unite
them, have resolved to establish in the more neces-
sary part their territorial limits, establishing at the
same time the basis on which their commerce and navi-
gation are to he arranged between the two Republics;
and for that purpose have named as their plenipoten-
tiaries, viz.;-11. B. the Provisional Director of the