The Sun.
London, England, 1852-05-21 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING,

ROYAL SURREY GARDENS.
Yesterday afternoon the first flower show which has
taken place at these gardens this season was exhibited
with unusual éclat. As might be expected from the
backwardness of the spring, the show was almost en-
tirely confined to greenhouse plants, which, however,
were put forward in sufficient variety and beauty to more
than compensate for the absence of cur usual vernal flori-
culture. Some of the varieties of cape heaths were par-
ticularly beautiful, and attracted much attention; but
the display of azaleas was unsurpassed by anything we
have witnessed for some time past. Some very gorgeous
devices in flowers, and a magnificent show of hearts-
ease also camp in for their fair share of admiration.
Though the weather towards the latter part of the
day was very threatening, the- gardens were thronged
with a most numerous and fashionable assemblage of
ladies and gentlemen, most of whom waited for the
finale to the evening's entertainments—the eruption of
Etna. The whole day passed off remarkably well.
The following is a list of the prizes awarded by the
Royal South London Floricultural Society:—
To CLASS THE FIRST.—PRIVATE GROWERS, NOT
CULTIVATING FLOWERS, &C., FOR SALE.—For the best
coil, ction of stove and greenhouse plants, 15 pots (or-
chideous plants excluded); a silver tankard with cover,
elegantly embossed emblematical of Horticulture, pre-
sented by Francis Staff, Esq., value fifteen guineas—
Mr. W. Cole; for the second best ditto, large gold Vic-
toria medal—Mr. Over; for the third best ditto, gold
Albert medal—Mr. Roger; for tho fourth best ditto,
large silver Victoria medal—Hamp; for the fifth best
ditto, large silver Linrmsn medal—Mr. Rhodes. For the
best six specimens of orchideous plants in flower, small
Victoria medal—Mr. Cole. For pelargoniums, in col-
lections in six varieties (in 8-inch pots), large silver Vic-
toria medal—Mr. Robinson. For fancy pelargoniums, in
collections of six varieties (in 8-inch pots), small silver
Victoria medal—Mr. Robinson; for the second best ditto,
small silver Linnaean medal=Mr. Roser. For Cape
heaths (in collections of six varieties), large silver Al-
bert medal—Mr. Cole; for the second best ditto, small
silver Victoria medal—Mr. Roser; for the third beat
ditto, small silver Linnesan medal—Mr. Over. For
azaleas (in collections of four distinct varieties), large
silver Albert medal—Cole; for the second best ditto,
small silver Victoria medal—Mr. Over; for the third
best ditto, small silver Linea en medal—Me. Ramp.
For twelve tulips, roses, 14blomeas, and bizarres (four
of each), large silver Albert medal—Betteredge, Esq.;
for the second best ditto, small silver Victoria medal—
Treacher, Esq.; for the third best ditto, small silver
Lineman medal—Mr. Hardstone; for the fourth best
ditto, small silver Albert medal—A. Lane, Esq.; for the
fifth best ditto, bronze medal—J. Phillips, Esq. In ad-
dition to the above first and second prizes, Mr. J. R.
Lawrence, of Hampton, offers 51. value of tulips, selected
from his bed when in bloom, divided as follows:-31. for
the first prize, and 21. for the second. For heartsease
(in stands of 24 dissimilar blooms, and well contrasted
varieties), large silver Albert medal—A. Lane, Esq.;
for the second best ditto, small silver Victoria medal—
Betteredge, Esq.; for the third best ditto, small silver
Lineman medal—August, Esq. For vegetables (six
sorts), small silver Lineman medal—Mr. Hamp.
To CLASS THE SECOND. NURSERYMEN AND ALL
PERSONS GROWING FLOWERS, &C., FOR SALE.—For the
best collection of Store and Greenhouse Plants, 18 pots
(orchideous plants excluded), gold Albert medal
Messrs. Rollisson and Son; for the second best ditto,
large silver Victoria meda—Mr. Pawley. For Pelar-
goniums, in collections of eight varieties (in 8-inch pots),
large silver Victoria medal—Mr. C. Turner; for the
second best ditto, large silver Linualn medal—Mr. N.
Gains: For fancy pelargoniums, in eallections of six
varieties (in 8-inch pots), small silver Victoria medal—
Mr. N. Gains; for the second best ditto, small silver
Lineal) medal—Mr. C. Turner. For the best six spe-
cimens of orchideous plants in flower, small silver Vic-
toria medal—Messrs. Rollisson and Sm. For Cape
heaths (in collections of eight varieties), large silver
Albert medal Messrs. Rollisson and Son ; for the
second best ditto, large silver Victoria medal Mr.
Fairbairn; for the third best ditto, small silver
Liman medal Mr. Pawley. For mikes (in col-
lections of six varieties), large silver Albert medal
—Messrs. Lane and Son; for the second best ditto,
small silver Victoria medal—Messrs. Ivry and Son; for
the third best ditto, small silver Linnaan medal—Mr.
Rollisson. For twelve tulips,* roses, by blomens, and
bizarres (four of each), large silver Albert medal—Mr.
Laurence, for the second best ditto, sisal silver Victoria
medal—Mr. Turner; for the: third best titto, small silver
Lineman medal—Mr. Bragg; for the fourth best ditto,
small silver Albert medal—Mr. Norma; for heartsease
(in stands of thirty-six dissimilar blooms, and well-
contrasted varieties), small silver Victoria medal—Mr.
Turner; for the second best ditto, small silver Lint:lsom
medal—Mr. Bragg; for the third beat ditto, small silver
Albert medal—Messrs. Hart and Nicklen.
OPEN TO BOTH CLassEs.—For the Lest single speci-
men plant (any genus), small silver Lineman medal—
Mr. W. Cole; for the aecond best ditto, small silver
Albert medal—Messrs. Rollisson and Son; for the third
best ditto, breeze medal—Mr. Cole.
EXTRA PRIZES OFFERED BY MEMBEAS.—By Messrs.
J. and J. Fairbairn, of Clapham, to Class the First—
For the best six Indian azaleas, small silver Victoria
medal—Mr. R. Rosier. By Mr. C. Turner, of Slough,
to Class the First.—For the best twelve pansies (cut
varietie;) sent out by Mr. C. Turner, small silver Vic-
,ori medal—A. Lane, Esq.

INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS.
On Tuesday, James. M. Bendel. Esq., President, in
the chair, the paper read was " Observations on Arti-
ficial Hydraulic, or Portland Cement; with an account
of the testing of the brick beam erected at the Great
Exhibition," by Mr. G. F. White, Assoc. Inst. C.E.
After detailing the experiments made by the late Sir
Isambart Brunel, the paper noticed the peculiarities in
the practice of the English and foreign engineers in the
use of cements and limes. It was stated that in Eng-
land the natural cements were plentiful, and the mode
of construction being generally in brickwork, quick set"
ing cements were preferred; whereas abroad the natural
cement stones were, comparatively speaking, rare, and
the use of bricks rather the exception than the rule. In
some cases it was found, that even the best natural hy-
draulic limes did not set with sufficient rapidity, in salt
water, to do away with the necessity for using pone-
limos, and some of the attempts made at various periods
to substitute artificial pozzalanos for the very
expensive
natural products of that nature, were then described.
The unfavourable results of these attempts, and the
manner in which M. Vicat explained them, were de-
tailed. A sketch was then given of the course of inves-
tigation followed in England by Mr. Frost and General
Sir Charles Feeley, from which it appeared, that
until
the introduction of the Portland Cements, no artificial
compound had been discovered which possessed the same
—or greater, powers of resistance than those of the
natural cements. The advantages of the Portland Ce-
ment were stated to be, that it had nearly all the qua-
lities of rapid setting presented by the natural material's
of the same class; and in addition, that as it was capa-
ble of supporting variable proportions of sand, it could
be used as a mortar, the rate of setting of which
might
be modified at will, and the powers of resistance
which were stated to be much greater than those of
either the cements or the limes thus replaced.
A general description of the manner in which the
Portland Cement was now manufactured, and of the
methods of testing the article, were then given, and it
appeared that after seven days the cohesive strength of
the neat cement was equal to about 1001bs. on the square
inch; and that after six months this became equal to
not less than 4141b5. per square inch. M. Vicat had
stated, in 1851, in a communication to the Annales des
Ponta et Chaussies, that by the use of Portland Cement
alone, or what he termed " overburnt lime," it would be
possible to form immense artificial blocks, capable of re-
sisting the action of the waves and of the shingle upon
the sea shore, an action which it was well known rapidly
destroyed the natural cements, and the penalanic mix-
tures, whether of natural or artificial pt,zaslanos.
The several applications of the Portland cement as a
concrete, as a mortar, and as a stucco, were then alluded
to, and reference was made to the early failures in form-
ing large artificial blocks, and an account was given of
the mode now adopted in constructing them at Dover
and Alderney harbours of
employed to protect the extreesetioe of the breakwater
refuge,
of Cherbourg. At Dover the hearting of the piers,
and likewise of those
below high-water mark, was executed in blocks of con-
crete, composed of cement and shingle in the proportions
of 1 to 10, and occupying about three-fourths of the
volume of the separate materials measured in the dry
state. Each block contained from 30 cubic feet to 120
' and weighed from 2 tons to 7 tons. At Al-
cubic
dne
and
of concrete composed of cement, sand,
was placed in a mould with rubble stone,
proportions being
of foreign mate..
adrn eyt
shingle,
a feet
masonry of not less than 712
shoat
td onirregularly e
par
t o f i n
cement thethe
to mass,systente m thepa
adoptedr t
was to build
s
hckersboofurrgubble
cubic feet, and weighing about 52 tons. These blocks
immenserialsA tbClo
were floated out from the places where they were con-
structed, and sunk as " pierre perdue;" but this had not
on all occasions been able to resist the transporting
power of the waves. The manner of using the cement
was in the form of mortar, composed of one part of
cement to three parts of sand.
It had been stated by M. Vicat, that the powers of
resistance to compression absolutely required, in sub-
stances exposed to the action of the sea, must be at
least equal to 401bs. per square inch, and of that to ten-
sion at least equal to 2lbs. on the square inch. Now,
the resistance of the artificial stone blocks, after an in-
terval of nine months, was not less than 1,7001b5, per
square inch, when the effirt was one of compression, or
than 2001bs. per square inch when it became an effort of
tension, or little interior to that of Portland stone itself.
Attention was called to the fact, that the Portland
Cement adhered more energetically to the Portland stone
than to any other material. The degree of adhesion did
not seem to depend so much upon the absorbent powers
of the substances connected together by the cement, as
upon some coincidence in the manner of their crystal-
lization.
The applications of Portland Cement to the purposes
of stucco for external works were noticed.. It advan-
tages
were stated to consist in its . agreeable colour,
ofpaint or lime white, its
without the intervention power
of resisting frost, and its freedom from regetation; all 'which " were attributed to the close contact of its consti-
tuent parts, and to the surface being perfectly non-
absorbent. For the. it same reason, was asserted that
the Portland Cement was eminently adapted for the con-
struction of cisterns' and baths, and for the various de-
scriptions of statues and .o f untains, &c., now made of
artificial stone. escription of the Brick-
The paper concluded by a d
beam experimented on at the Great Exhibition of 1851,
an account of which has already appeared
in the scien-
tific journals of the period, and from which it was de-
duced that the strepgth of Portland Cement, as com-
pared with Roman Cement, was in the ratio of 21. h to 1.
Attention was called to the several tables and diagrams
which were exhibited, illuetrotive of the various powers

of resistance of the cement under efforts of compression,
extension, and tearing asunder.
It was again announced from the chair, that the Pre-
sident's Annual Conversazione would be held on Tues-
day evening, May 25, for which the cooperation of the
members and others was requested, so that an interest-
ing collection of models of engineering constructions
and machinery, and of specimens of works of art, might
be made.
At the monthly ballot the following candidates were
duly elected:—Messrs. E. Flachart, G. Harrison, and J.
T. Woodhouse, as members; P. D. Brown, E. Chap-
man, 8.E., L. Gisborne, and T. Thorneycroft, as
associates.

SPORTING NOTES.
No. CCXXXI.

THE PROBABLE FATE OF THE CANDIDATES
FOR THE SEVENTY-THIRD DERBY.
(Continued from No. CCXXX )

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SIR,—In continuing my remarks on the Newmarket
division of the Derby horses, the next that invites my
attention is Mr. Walker's br c TREASURER, by Vern.
lam out of Makeless. This horse is much fancied by his
owner and certain parties at head-quarters, principally
upon the strength of Cavan's running, to whom he is
eight or ten pounds superior. This, however, in my opi-
nion. does not warrant my placing any faith in him for the
Derby.
General Anson's b c by Orlando, out of the Princess,
has managed to run up twice this year; but the winner
in each instance having been anything but first-rate, his
chance is a forlorn hope.
Lord Clifdeu's once extensive string will, if it is re-
presented on the Downs at all, be so by SACKBUT, the
son of Touchstone and Concertina or Poodle. I need
not glance at these horses' performances, for they are
very inferior, and they cannot possibly win on Wednesday
next.
Mr. Armitage's HIERARCHY, by Charles XII., out of
Remember, was some time since said to be a starter; bat
whether it turns out to be so or not matters little, as he
cannot win,
Having concluded my remarks on the Newmarket
horses, I shall now turn my attention to those in the
northern stables, commencing with Fobert's.
Lord Eglinton's b c CLAVERHOUSE, by Birdcatcher, out
of Blue Bonnet, by Touchstone, out of Maid of Melrose,
by Brutandorf —Whisker—Orville, as a two years old
ran four times and walked over once. His first essay
was, considering his condition, his worst; as, in running
for the July Stakes, when called upon to fintsn, down
went his tail and all was over, Robbie Noble winning
in a canter by two lengths. The second performance,
in direct opposition to the first, was his best; for, car-
rying Bst 101 b, he won the Ham Stakes very easily by
two lengths, beating ,Harbinger, Bst 71b, and eight
others! At the same meeting he was fourth to Filius;
but being at the time dead amiss it was somewhat ab-
surd to start him. His fourth appearance was at Don-
caster, where he won the Municipal Stakes easily,
beating three inferior animals. This horse has been
doing first-rate work for a length of time, and is very
much fancied in the North. As I once before remarked,
he is somewhat slow, but possessed of first-rate staying
qualities, and his build is well suited to the Derby
course. I entertain a very respectable opinion of his
chance, and expect to see him finishing in one of the first
four places.
Lord Zetland's ch c AUGUR, by Birdcatcher, out of
Castanette's dam, ran twice last year and walked over
once. At York he won the Colt Sapling Stakes from
Young Hawthorn by three or four lengths; and at Don-
caster won the Champagne Stakes by half a length,
beating Daniel O'Rourke, Bay Rosalind, Homebrewed,
Stilton, and four others. In my analysis in the early
part of the year I looked upon this horse's chance in a
very favourable manner; but in consequence of his slight
increase in size, I am not by any means sanguine of his
success on thee nsuing Wednesday ea
fact, I think he
will not obtain a place.
The betting this morning ruled jest the same as at
Tattersall's yesterday.
I am, Sir, yours, &c.,
THE SPIRIT OF THE TURF.
May 21, 1852.
(To be concluded on Monday.)

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
TATTERSALL'S—YESTERDAY.
DERBY.
5 to 1 agst Mr. Merry's Hobble Noble—taken and
afterwards offered
7 to 1 agst Mr. J. Arnold's Little Harry—taken and
afterwards offered
9 to 1 agst Lord Orford's Alcoran
11 to 1 agst Duke of Richmond's Harbinger—taken
11 to 1 agst Lord Eglinton's Claverhouse—taken
13 to 1 agst Mr. Stebbing's Alfred the Great
14 to 1 agst Mr. Harrison's King of Trumps—
taken and afterwards offered
15 to 1 agst Lord Ribblesdale's Kingston—taken
25 to 1 agst Mr. Farrance's Joe Miller
25 to 1 agst Mr. J. M. Stanley's Orelio
30 to 1 agst Lord Zetland's Augur—taken
30 to 1 agst Lord Exeter's Stockwell
33 to 1 agst Mr. J. Clark's Elcot
40 to 1 agst Mr. Bowes's Daniel O'Rourke—taken
50 to 1 agst Mr. S. Hawke's Wumersley—t to 501.
Hohbie Noble was backed for a moderate amount in
the early part of the afternoon at 5 to 1; the odds, how.
ever, being always currently offered. 1,000 to 150,
several other bets at the same figure, and some at 13 to
2 were first taken about Little Harry, and 7 to 1 to
1,0001. laid subsequently, the layer offering repeatedly to
double it. Harbinger, Claverhouse, and Kingston were
in some favour; but did not improve on the previous
quotations. Augur was at one time at 40 to 1, and
Daniel O'Rourke, who had been backed in the morning
at 1,000 to 30, at 50 to 1, each, however, closing at an
improvement of ten points. The prices returned
against Alcoran and Alfred the Great are governed by
offers—we did not hear them backed. Stockwell was
friendless.