The Sun.
London, England, 1852-08-24 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON,

the highest point of our course, small star-shaped
crystals of snow of perhaps 1-25th or 1-30th of an
inch diameter were seen falling (possibly their appa-
rent fall was due to the rise of the balloon). Ob-
servations of the thermometer, hygrometer, and
barometer, were taken at very short intervals during
the ascent, and during the first portion of the de-
scent, until it became necessary to provide for
the safety of the instruments. Specimens of the air at
different elevations were taken for analysis. The
descent was accomplished with much ease, at about
twenty-five minutes past five P.M.; and the balloon
was secured with little trouble near the village of
Swavesey, in Cambridgeshire, about 60 miles north
of London. This distance was passed over in about
an hour and a half, showing that an immense mass of
air was moving rapidly from the south. Accounts
received from various stations seem to show that this
strong south wind was prevalent over a large portion
of country. The thunder-storm which broke out on
Tuesday evening had not commenced during our
voyage, nor was any indication of it visible except a
shower at some distance. The sun was obscured dur-
ing almost the whole period.
At the elevation to which we attained no personal
ionncloynvenie
perceivednce oaf a any moment was experienced ;
slightl
temples—but no difficul
ling perceived, besides, a very slight difficulty in
t oyp p
irne s
bs iroena
tahbi
no
gu t. them er
.a rss
iae and
breathing before reaching the greatest height, but the
feeling went quickly off, even before we began to
descend. So light was any inconvenience which
we experienced from the rarity of the air, that it did
not in the least interfere with our regular work of
observing and recording. The cold would, of course,
have become disagreeable had we continued long in it.
The first voyage should be considered chiefly as a
preliminary and educational one; neither the ma-
naging committee nor the observers.e having had any
previous experience whatever aerostation. It will
not be surprising, therefore, if tb
ga-
thered from the ascent of Tuesday should lead to
considerable alterations in the instruments and mode
of observing in future experiments of this nature.
firstare inattheomppest
tharse
doubtless of much value;t
The results obtained frombutthwise
by some alterations in our mode of procedure a
greater amount of instruction may be derived from
subsequent voyages.
The Kew committee have been peculiarly fortunate
in obtaining the zealous co-operation of Mr. Green.
His great experience and well-known ability and
caution afford a guarantee that the risks attending
these expeditions will be reduced to a minimum. The
confidence which his dexterous management of the
immense but beautiful instrument cannot fail to in-
spire, will contribute much to that calmness in the
observer which is so necessary in the presence of un
usual phenomena.--I am, &c.,
Kew Observatory, Aug. 19.

JOHN IVELSH.

THE MONEY MARKET.
(From the Derbyshire Courier.)
The depression of every description of securities
which has occurred during the past week, forms a
noticeable comment on the unsettled state of monetary
affairs, and on the principles to which such fluctu-
ations may be traced, and which have been so repeat-
edly brought before our readers. If we were to credit
certain writers, the state of this country is rapidly
advancing towards unexampled prosperity. We
have had the advantage of being long secure from the
social and political disturbances which have so inju-
riously affected our continental neighbours; the great
masses of our population are rendered contented and
peaceful by the cheapness of all the necessaries of life,
emigration is drawing off in a continuous stream the
unemployed portion of our own people, and fast
emptying Ireland of a race apparently uoim.
provable under the circumstances with which
they are surrounded in their own country ;
wo have en active trade, and agriculture itself
is recovering, in some of its branches at least,
from the depths of its depression. Now under
these auspicious appearances a most unexpected and
powerful auxiliary has presented itself in the dis-
covery of large amounts of that precious metal which,
in the eyes of many political economists, seems to be
regarded as the great arbiter of the wealth of nations.
Not in California alone, but in our own colony of
Australia we have the promise of a return of the golden
age. It is true that few attempt to explain to us
bow the discovery of a certain yellow metal is to be
fraught with the predicted wonderful advantages, but
that such will be the case is very generally believed.
Low comes it then that nothing appears too incon-
siderable to shake the public confidence ? In such
a nation as ours there is, as a matter of course, no
period without some cause of public anxiety.
Just now we have the Kafir War and the
dispute about the American Fisheries both
subjects deserving of attention, but certainly
neither of them destined to exercise a very powerful
effect on the nation's prosperity. But there is another
cause which during the last week has been depressing
the mercury in the money market. Recent reports
speak much less favourably of the coming harvest
than did former accounts. We have had also a
few showery days ; the men of corn immediately
begin to ask for a rise in wheat, and the men of
money simultaneously augur a fall in the funds. Now,
can it be supposed that all our vaunted prosperity is of
so flimsy a character, and that England is a country
living so very near its means that a deficiency in the
cereal crop to the value of a few millions of money,
should excite serious apprehension as to the con-
tinuance of the nation's prosperous condition ?
Yes : the philosophers of the Stock Exchange have
reason and experience on their side. What have the
gold discoveries so far really done for us ? They
have done this. They have enabled the Bank of
England to get out and keep out an amount of paper
circulating medium greater by two or three millions
than has tor a considerable time been in the hands, of
the public. The effects of an increased circula-
tion have been witnessed again and again in
this country during the last half century.
'Whenever it has occurred, the money finding its
way from the Bank of England through private
bankers, into the bands of traders, is employed by
those traders in enlarging their transactions, carrying
on their affairs with more spirit, employing more
hands, increasing production, and thus stimulating
consumption. With an abundance of money every
branch of industry thus improves, and the improve-
ment of each branch acts upon and increases that of
every other trade. The poor man finds a readier
market for his labour, the clever and intelligent find
a more active demand for their abilities. The
nation is pronounced to be "prosperous." But,
as we :said, the &lions of Change.alley know how
soon all this may be reversed. A bad harvest comes ;
a few millions of quarters of wheat come into the
country. A few millions of gold are withdrawn
from the Bank. Then the Bank reduces its issues.
money becomes scarcer. The L ,ndon and provincial
bankers are less ready to accommodate traders.
Every kind of industrial pursuit receives a check.
The evil tendency of a restricted circulation makes
itself felt from one end of the country to the other.
The depression of one kind of trade injures another.
Things get worse till a commercial panic ensues.
Now all this is well known in the money market.
And in spite of all favourable appearances, as it is
evident that if we have to buy corn, gold may go
'3:lt faster than it can find its way into the coun-
ty„
and that if thegoldout, our circulating
medium goes
will be
be diminished, and the:, if our circu-
lating medium be diminished distress and ruin will
le`-therefore, mere whisper of mildew, and
eaffteheut:doenr thunder-storm rmm
oinney-m harvest,ark e tp produce
u thec e
their singdepree
metropolis.

ORNA
The ancient custom of -
rating monuments with
prevailing at different C_EMETERIES.
111.-E15177-----AL
planting cemeteries and deco-
pegaort
carried to some extent in
In the "Flory Domestics," it will111:0
Romans alluded to the practice
strongly garlands of flowers, strongly
va:l foreign, countries, was
parts of England.
observed that the
in their wills a
reprobated by the primitive Ch " •' an- were
the time of Prudentius the latter had aciroletleme, but in
is expressly mentioned both by Si, ArabrosPetaedeP, which
At the present time in Germany and Switzerland
very usual to observe the tombs cultivated with tlsh' it i:
and flowers, and the monuments adorned with
festoonsrub-
of roses and jessamine. In the beautiful little h
e ureh...
yard at Schwytz almost the whole of the ground is
covered with pinks; but amongst the numerous spots
appropriated to the purposes of '
cemeteries there is none
equal to the churchyard of
Wirfin in the valley of the
• h
Selza. The tombs are ornamented with arabesque
forms, with pendant vases, in which are placed flowers,
and on either lido per.-3nnial shrubs are planted,
and, in addition, some graves are daily strewed
over with fresh-gathered flowers, by friends or
relatives of the inhabitants. In some parts of this
country, about the middle of the last century, the
practice was very prevalent of strewing !prigs of rose-
mary upon tombs, particularly in the north, and likewise
to place a basin of sprigs of boxwood at the door ef any
house at which a funeral was to take place, as alluded to
in the following by Wordsworth:—
" The basin of boxwood just six months before,
Had stood on the table at Timothy's door;
4.coffin over Timothy's threshold had passed,
One child did it bear, and that child was his last."
While in an
Secstone '4:ion to the practice, we may Rxelaini with
, Oh customs meet and well!"—Builder.

A. CHILD KILLED BY FALLING FROM A WINDOW.--
On Saturday Mr. Longhorn held an inquest at the Charing-
Cross riosPital, on the body of Sarah Cope, aged 6. The
deceased lived with her parents at 61, Dudley-street, and
on Wednesday afternoon was looking out of a second-floor
landing window, when she fell over and pitched on her
head on the stone pavement beneath. Verdict, " Accidental
death."

RpTAL ARSENAL.
enter d are select —The labourers now 1)61)5 daily
ed froth the Master-General's private
fore left
list," e
at thin the hands oe Ordnance-I:lazf ;t1 e,
= London, and not as hereto-
tha
jratm /tiffany, official authorities here.--

ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE.
NORTHERN ClRCUlT.—Liverpool, Aug. 23.
CIVIL SlDE.—(Before Mr. Justice WiGuTmert.)

CRUICICSHANK. V. FOSTER.

This case, which was not finished on Saturday,
was commenced to-day.
Mr. Sergeant Wilkins and Mr. Addison appeared
for the plaintiff ; Mr. Watson, Q.C., and Mr. Ma-
nisty for the defendant.
It appeared that the plaintiff resided on his pro-
perty at Radcliffe, and that the defendant was a corn
and flour dealer, carrying on business in Hulme,
Manchester. In 1847 the plaintiff purchased a pro-
perty in Radnor-street, Hulme, and the defendant in
1851 purchased a plot of ground in Walnut-street,
and erected a large baking concern, which extended
before the houses in Itallnor-street. With the baking
were connected eight tall chimneys and twenty
ovens, and there were also twenty-eight small win-
dowsin the building, from which the steam was
allowed to escape. Large quantities of coal were
used instead of coke, and the plaintiff complained of
the stench, filth, and soot, which, he alleged, made
it intolerable to reside in the neighbourhood. Before
tha establishiner,t of the bakery all the houses were
occupied at rents of 201. per annum, while, after its
erection, they were almost untenanted, although the
rents had been reduced to 161. per annum.
A number of witnesses were called on both sides.
His LORDSHIP having summed up,
The jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff—
Damages 401.
This case concluded the civil business of the
Northern Circuit, with the exception of two cases
which are likely to be settled.

MIDDLESEX SESSIONS, Aug. 23.
The sittings of the Court for the August adjourned
general session were resumed this morning at
Clerkenwell, instead of at Westminster, before Mr.
WITHAM (who presided for the Assistant Judge),
Mr. Turner, Mr. Warner, and other magistrates.
There are 109 prisoners for trial-99 for felony, and
10 for misdemeanour.
Mr. WITHAM explained to the grand jury that the
reason of the Court sitting at Clerkenwell instead of
Westminster was, that the Sessions House at the
latter place was under repair, and had been so recently
painted that it would have been very unpleasant for
the Court to have at there this session.
George Doubleday, 16, was indicted for having
stolen 151. the moneys of Christopher Lamb, his
master. He pleaded guilty.
Mr. SPICER said he appeared for the prisoner, and
it was by his advice that he had pleaded guilty. The
evidence clearly made out the charge, but the offence
was committed, according to his instructions, under
these circumstances :—The prosecutor had threatened
to discharge the prison©r without a character, and in
consequence the latter made up his mind to go to
Australia, and having no money of his own, he bad
at various times stolen small sums from his master,
which he regularly deposited in a savings bank to
form a fund to carry him to the gold diggings) of
which such almost fabulous accounts had been re-
ceived. He hoped the Court might see occasion to deal
mercifully with the prisoner.
Mr. PAnne said the prosecutor was a
pawnbroker
in Sloane-street, and the prisoner had committed the
thefts with great art and cunning, having by destroy-
ing some tickets and keeping back others, screened
himself from detection. There was the sum of 51. in
a savings bank, which the prisoner acknowledged he
heft stolen from his master, and which Would, if the
Court made an order to that effect,
be given up to
Mr. Lamb.
Mr. WITHAM then sentenced-the • prisoner to be
kept to bard labour for six months, and ordered the
money to be given up to the prosecutor.
Joseph Smith, 22, was indicted for having stolen
I,Boof. belonging to Maximilian Lamiot.
Mr. W. Cooper prosecuted ; Mr. Parry and Mr.
Metcalfe were for the prisoner.
It appeared that the prosecutor, who is a French-
man, became acquainted with the, prisoner through
staying at the same hotel, and eventually they took a
lodging jointly, in a house kept by a Frenchman in
Frith•street, Soho. Oa the 2d of August, he went
out, telling the prisoner that between ten and eleven,
o'clock at night, he should be at M. Poitien 8, a
mutual friend of theirs, and about that hour the pro-
secutor went to Poitier's expecting to meet the pri-
soner there. Shortly afterwards the prisoner returned
to the house, and inquired if M. Lamiot was absent,
and he received an answer in the affirmative from one
of the servants. He then went up to the room and
remained for about ten minutes, after which he again
left the house and repaired to Poitier's, where he ar-
rived about half-past eleven. He found the prose-
cutor there, and they walked home together, and on
entering their room, it was found that the prosecu-
tor's trunk had been ransacked, and I,Boof. in notes
of the Bank of France had been stolen from a hand-
kerchief, in which they had been tied. The prisoner
was given into custody, and a policeman examined the
trunk and a box belonging to the prisoner, which also
bed been opened, and he came to the conclusion that
the latter had been opened by a key, whilst the
prosecutor's had been wrenched open. The prisoner
said thas eleven sovereigns had been stolen from his
box, and in conversation with the prosecutor, at the
police station, he said that, rather then be subjected
t.) the disgrace of being taken before the magistrate,
he had no doubt his friends would pay the amount
that bad been lose. The prosecutor was a baker, and
about to sail to Australia, where he intended to start
in that line of business. It appeared that all persons
in the house had access to the room. None of the
money had been found.
bead
Mr. PARRY addressed the jury for the prisoner,
stated
been
educated
a theids
client
contending that the facts were perfectly reconcileable
wi t h the e
say
prisonersnun innocence.lrishman,who
He
on the continent, and had most wealthy and
ble connexions.

A number of witnesses, including Mr. R. F. Max-
well Fox, .M.P., county Longford, were examined as
to the character of the prisoner; but most of them
ere acquainted only with the family to which he be-
longed. It appeared that he arrived in London on the
7'..h of July, and that for the past two years and a
half he bad been a student for the Church at a semi-
nary at Paris. Whatever money he had required his
Eiends would have supplied.

The jury pronounced th 3 prisoner Not Guilty.
(Before Mr. TURNER.)
William Rose, 68, was placed at the bar to receive
ludgment. _ _ _

The prisoner was convicted last week of committing
frauds by representing that he was an officer of the
°curt of Chancery, and that the persons he defrauded
were entitled to property which he could recover
for them.

Mr. TURNER slid the prisoner had been remanded
in order that inquiries might be made, and those
inquiries led him to the conclusion that it was full
time a stop was put to his career in this country.
The sentence was that he be transported for seven
years.
Eliza Price was indicted for stealing a travelling.
b eg, value 243., the property of William Day and
another ; and Charles Edwards was indicted for
having feloniously received the same.
The prosecutors are portmanteau-makers in the
Strand, and the female prisoner was in their service
as a domestic. In consequence of a considerable
quantity of property having been missed, a watch
was set, and on the morning of the 7th iost. police-
constable 142 F detected the female in the act of
han3ing a travelling•bsg to the other prisoner. The
constable followed, and took him into custody, and
found on his person at the police-station 49 duplicates,
of which 15 related to property identified as belong-
ingto the prosecutors. _ _ _

The prisoners were found Guilty, and sentenced
each to six months' hard labour.
Mr. Birnie was for the defence.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
MANSION-HOUSE.

William Thomas Ingram, an elderly man, who re-
sides at West Ham, was brought before the Lord
Mayor, charged with having defrauded Mr. Thomas
Hall, of No. 103, Bishopsgate-street, linendraper
and haberdasher, of goods to the amount of 58/.
103. 41d.
Mr. Lloyd, the solicitor• to the prosecutor, in
brie
fly stating the circumstances, which were borne
the Boardinonfl
out nby evidence, represented hat the property had
aDon obtained under the false pretence that the pri-
was a contractor and a creditor to the Govern-
ment,er,
and that he was about to receive the immediate
Payment of a large sum of money due to him from
received from the in
.onrdnance, there being no pretence what-
ever for
at his
consequence of a letter which I
was Prisoner on the 22d of June, stat-
paper house
Mr. Halislil such a statement.
account he Would going to Australia, on which
called upon himonrequire a number of articles, I
at West Ham. The letter
was written
Mr. Ingram was gun sponge maker having
a bill-head, stating that
Ordnance. I told himpoi'gwe maker to the Board of
order, and he then said that his in
possesSion of his
Ist or 2d of July for Australia; Botnh was to sail on the
convenient to pay the money until
lt it would not be
thfoif that
month, when be was to receive a large suem
from the Board of Ordnance for gun spono.inonq
which ho bad contracted to supply the g— with
whichartillery. He
brought me at the same ti one of the sponges
which he had engaged to supp me
ly, and I agreed to send
the goods to him.
The LOUD MAYOD—Did you, upon the faith of the
statement that there was a large sum of money due
to him by the Government for gun-sponges, supply
him with the goods be ordered ? Witness—l did.
The goods consisted of hosiery and haberdashery. He
told me that he purchased them for his son and family,
11,130 might, if they did not use.them advantageously,
uispose of them as a speculation. On the 29th July
I:saw him at his house at West Ham, and he then
said be tald been put off by the Ordnance, but he