The Sun.
London, England, 1852-01-29 00:00:00

iTHE SIJN,

surprilt of Englishmen of the old school it
is manifest that the forgotten pharaphernalia
of 1804, is altogether useless for any purposes of
defence in 1852. Thereupon ensues a commotion
very little short of actual panic in some quarters.
Now a panic is, of all emotions, the one most pecu-
liarly calculated to interfere with anything like effi-
ciency of arrangements, or coolness of premeditation.
The result, therefore, promises to be really somewhat
lamentable. Too many precautionary measures are
being suggested and planned by one wiseacre or
another : so that matters are in a fair way of becom-
ing more involved than they have been hitherto.
Meanwhile, in the midst of this disturbance,
the people are even now beginning to look with
sorrowful anticipation to the certainty of the increased
expense consequent upon these undertakings. The
memory of the additional debt incurred by the last
war cannot so readily be effaced. Added to which
there is every likelihood of the Kafirs having another
comfortable " haul" upon the Exchequer to the tune
of another million or so I Foreseeing all these liabi-
lities, the nation becomes naturally embarrassed
as to the extent of the sums required in the
way of defensive preparation. Just at the
moment, too, when it was seriously begin-
ning to think of retrenchment Just when
some of the gentlemen at Manchester, moreover, were
talking of considerable reductions both in the military
and maritime departments ! Nothing, surely, could
be more unfortunately ill-timed and inapposite. And
whence, let us ask, comes the agony of mind which
has produced this remarkable movement among the po-
pulation ? Whence ? Why, to all intents and pur-
poses from the affright bred in the popular mind by
the sinister prophecies of the more timorous or the
more unprincipled. No rupture has anywhere taken
place in the friendship sustained by ourselves with
any one ,of the principal states of Christendom.
Amicable correspondence is still maintained with all
the Courts of the European continent. And, oddly
enough, the possibility of war is only mentioned
immediately after the dismissal of Lord PALMER.
STO/4. How often have we heard that distinguished
statesman reprobated by the alarmists as the fire-
brand of Europe ! The Fire-brand! And during
the last five or six years he has been the very means
of preserving tranquillity to England in the
midst of all the battles, and sieges, and
revolutions with which Europe has been
shaken to its entrails:— deluging more than
once with blood, and blackening with gun-
powder the palaces and the capitals of France, of
Prussia, of Austria, of Lombardy, of Hungary, of
Rome, of Naples, of Tuscany, and of the Peninsula !
During the whole of those tremendous occurrences
England has been kept in uninterrupted quietude,
thanks to the course pursued by this so-called fire-
brand, Lord PALMERSTON. Directly Lord PALMERS-
TON is ousted from the Foreign-office—but not till

then—the people of England bear of wars and of
rumours of wars with one or other of the principal
powers of Christendom. Let us hear no more after this
about Lord PALMERSTON being a firebrand between
Great Britain and the contemporary states of either
hemisphere. Men of common sense can no longer
be bamboozled upon that head, recognising in the
statesman thus preposterously designated the very
one to whom the nation is indebted for its prolonged
tranquillity, and who, nevertheless, at the same
time so upheld the dignity of the empire, that the only
talisman of safety required for an Englishman was
the simple exclamation Civis Britannicus sum, or,
in cases of particular emergency, the utterance to the
remotest and most formidable tyrants of the earth of
the dreaded name of PALMERSTON. Such talismans,
however, have been broken by his dismissal from the
ranks of the Government, and the first consequence
of the appointment of his successor, Earl GRAN•
VILLE, appears to be the terror of an invasion
which is frightening almost into hysterics
the old women of both sexes, whose cries of alarm are
now resounding throughout the United Kingdom.
Nevertheless, while reprobating in the strongest
terms the folly of this outcry of the alarmists, we would
not be understood to depreciate in any manner the
wisdom of the innovations suggested and in various
quarters adopted in the way of improving our insular
defences. These defences we would gladly see mul-
tiplied and rendered in every respect more effec-
tual. Not that we are infected by the panic

about an invasion. But simply that we
regard measures of precaution as at all
times advisable. We thought so when the

Duke of WELLINGTON spoke out in his memorable
letter to Sir JonN BURGOYNE. We thought so when

Sir FRANCIS HEAD addressed his well-known warn.
ing to the women of England. We think so still

The same necessity that has always existed for im-
provements of the nature here intimated, still con-
tinues—not increased not rendered imminent—
but replete with all its former exigence. Let us,
then, multiply the defences along our coasts, let us
augment our forces by land—or at any rate by sea—
but let us not render ourselves ridiculous to the
rest of Europe by the childish dread of an invasion,
or irritate a friendly Power like that of France into
unnecessary war by a system of the most odious
calumnies and of the most insolent vituperations.

The Irish Government could not have afforded
stronger proof of the general feeling as to the deplor-
able condition of certain districts in the north of Ire-
land, and of the alarming point at which the Ribbon
conspiracy has arrived therein, than by the issuing of
the Special Commission which has just been opened
for the county of Monaghan. In a few short
weeks, five or six at most, the ordinary gaol
delivery would take place. The Judges would arrive
in due course, and the country gentlemen who were
required to discharge the important duties of
jurors, would have made their arrangements, so as
to sustain the minimum amount of inconvenience. An
additional task is, however, imposed on all these par-
ties, and a heavy expense upon the country. These
things would not have been required on trivial or in-
sufficient, grounds, but it was of vital importance
that the majesty of the law should be speedily vindi-
cated—that a heavy blow should be inflicted
on the infamous system under which the
fearful outrages that have struck terror through-
out the country have been coolly and delibe-
rately planned, and the atrocious edicts delivered to
the sanguinary and reckless assassins to whom their
execution was confided. Innocent blood—the blood
of amiable and highminded gentlemen, who under
other circumstances, would have been regarded as
the benefactors of those with whom they were con-
nected—the objects of general respect and esteem—
cried aloud for vengeance, and any delay or
hesitation in bring the guilty to justice, or even in
obtaining the verdict of an independent jury on their
guilt or innocence, would have been yielding a tacit
connivance. and sanction to the revolting system. It
I:1311T
suchunel 1p
under
ctuheabadleministration of Lord CLARENDON
apathy could be anticipated.
The Noble Lord, while temperingt justice
with mercy, and eady towhere-
ever indulgence could
had always exhibited the safelyae leniently
utmostdvigo.ur. in dealing
be afforded,dealing
with illegal organizations of any
their existence
so long
ethxeistseandoeßli
as the slightest appearance of
perceptible. We find, then, that when
neces-
sity of anticipating the usual assizes was e
recog n. d
yci
theTh e two
Common
every thing was conducted in the most imposing
form,s
to give the utmost weight to the impressive solemnit
Chipea
eflJs were sentustices of the Queen's Bench down,an
that the authority
of the two highest judicial functionaries might not
be wanting, and that, although great inconvenience
arose from the absence of these distinguished judges
from their respective courts at this particular
period. In like manner one of the principal law
Officers of the Crown-was sent down to conduct the
prosecutions, and gentlemen of rank and influence
in the locality called upon to act as jurors.
If any doubt could have existed as to the pro-
priety of such a step, or of the existence of a
wide-spread and organized conspiracy against life
and property, it would be removed by the admirable
charge of the LORD CHIEF JUSTICE. IE3 Lordship
prefaced his observations by declaring that " it was,
unfortunately, too true that alarge portion of that and
of the two adjoining counties' of Louth and Armagh
were pervaded by a rnischievous—a most mischievous
association. There could de no doubt that, in these
counties—ribbonism—for that was the name by
which it was known—pervaded in these districts
in all its horrors, and with all its terror."
From all the circumstances attending on the horri-

ble outrage, he then argued powerfully, so as to
bring conviction to every unprejudiced mind that it
was to the existence of this wide-spread confederation
that the murder of Mr. BATESON was ascribable. He
said, whether the murderers of Mr. BATEsON were
actuated by private and individual hatred, or whe-
ther they were the official assassins intrusted to
carry out the sentence of death pronounced by the
Ribbon Society, it was not just now perhaps a matter
upon which it was very important to be informed ; but
there was one thing clear—these men, however
actuated, never would have perpetrated the offence—
nay, would never have attempted to perpetrate it--at
the time, in the place, and under the circumstances it
was effected, unless they were assured of that pro-
tection, and that support, and that connivance in
crime which the Ribbon Society assures to all
criminals, no matter how atrocions the offence
which they perpetrate. There was no doubt
in his mind that this particular crime was committed
by parties who trusted for safety to that organization.
Was he not then justified in denouncing this ter-
rible body as " the severest scourge of Ireland ?"
Is it not to the atrocities perpetrated under the express
directions of this Celtic vehmgericht, or at least
cast upon those willing to assume the responsibility
of any outrage, however atrocious, that the chief
evils under which the sister kingdom has so long
suffered may be attributed, which has prevented,
and still prevents the influx of capital
into the country ? Capitalists are proverbially
a timid and suspicious race, and they will avoid
places where there is not ample security for life and
property. Heretofore there was that security in the
north of Ireland, and therefore Ulster afforded
a favourable contrast to the other provinces
There was to be found peace and tranquillity, and
their invariable attendants, prosperity and happiness ;
while the sufferings of the inhabitants of the dis-
tricts where the law was set at defiance ex-
cited the sympathies of the people, who forgot
their errors in consideration of their miseries.
Now all this is changed, for the demon which has
vanished from the south has apparently found an
abiding place in the north. Let the people of Ulster,
if they wish to save themselves from the fearful
results of crime—results similar to those which
they have noticed and deprecated in Limerick or Tip-
perary, determine to put down Ribbonism, and to
banish it from the vicinity. If they exert themselves
heart and hand for that purpose they may yet retrieve
their former position. If not, the retribution will be
as fearful as the outrages by which it was called forth.
Let them be wise in time, for their future welfare de-
pends on their present conduct.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
We read in the Constitutionnel—" The Bente went
up one franc yesterday. Hopes were entertained that
a new decree would appear in the Moniteur of this
day, to submit to the Senate and Legislative body the
question of the Orleans property. We were unwilling
to oppose, even by silence, that decree which pro-
nounces a return to the State of a part of that
property. Our devotedness to the cause of
Lows NAPOLEON, which we have always looked
on since December 10th, as the cause of
society, imposed on itself, on this occasion, a
most painful duty. How rejoiced should we be if this
rigorous measure could be subjected to a new exa-
mination, and no longer weigh on the Government of
December 2d."

In the evening papers there appears, however, an
official communicated note, declaring that the report
alluded to b'y the Constitutionnel, that a new decree
would remit the question concerning the domains of
the Orleans family to the Senate and the Legisla-
tive body, was completely without foundation.
A decree of the PRESIDENT of the Republic ap-
points M. CHEVALIER, Secretary-General of the Pre-
sidence, to the post of Secretary-General of the
Council of State.

The Vice-President of the Council of State has
nominated M. ERNEST BAROCHE, clerk at the de-
partment of Foreign Affairs, his Chef de Cabinet.
M. EMILE PEPIN-LEHALLEUIt has sent in his
resignation as member of the Consultative Com-
mission.

The PRESIDENT of the Republic has received from
the King of SARDINIA a letter, putting an end to the
mission of Count DE GALLINA at Paris, as Envoy
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary. The
letter in question was presented to the PRESIDENT by
that Minister. At the same audience, M. DE Pito-
VANO DE COLLEGNO presented to the Prince his cre-
dentials as the successor of Count DE GALLINA.

Several persons were yesterday brought before the
Correctional Police for employing abusive_language
against the PRESIDENT of the Republic on the day
when he went to the cathedral of Notre Dame to attend
the Te Deum. A packing-case maker, named PRE-
VOST, was accused of having burst out into a
stream of violent abuse against the head of the State
4t the moment when his carriage passed along the
Quay Conti. PREVOST, in consideration of his youth
(17 years), was condemned to only two months' im•
prisonment ; a man named MOTTE was also proved to
have used most violent language on the same occasion,
and was condemned to six months' imprisonment ;
and lastly, a basketmaker, named LERIDE, was ac-
cused of having used very gross language against the
PRESIDENT of the Republic on the same day in a
cabaret before some soldiers. The offence having
been clearly proved, LERIDE was condemned to pay a
fine of 100 f. and to be imprisoned two months.
We read in the Union :—" Some persons have been
surprised at not seeing amongst the members of the
Senate the cardinals, marshals, and admirals, declared
by Art. 20 of the Constitution to form part of that
body. As these personages are senators ex officio, a
special decree was not required to name them. Other
persons have made the following objection :—The
Moniteur names 72 persons, and by adding to that
number the 12 senators ex officio, namely, four car-
dinals, six marshals, and two admirals, a total is ob-
tained of 84 members. But the number of senators
being fixed at 80 for the first year, the new decree,
they insist, must be in contradiction with the Consti-
tution. That is also a false interpretation of the Con-
stitution. Art. 19 certainly states that the number of
senators is fixed at 80 for the first year, but that arti-
cle only applies to the members nominated by the
PRESIDENT of the Republic. The result of all this is
that the Senate may be composed for the first year of
92 members ; and that, consequently, eight more
nominations still remain for the PRESIDENT to make."

It is said that the KING of the BELGIANS, as the
husband of the daughter of Louis PHILIPPE, has pro-
tested against the confiscation of the Orleans property.
The squadron of evolutions under the command of
Admiral de la SUSSE, consisting of the Ville de Paris,
the Valmy, Henri IV., Bayard, lona, and Jupiter
ships of the line, Gomer and San 6 steam frigates, and
Caton steam corvette, sailed from Toulon on the 21st.
After passing the night and next day at sea, the
squadron anchored in the night of the 22d off the
Iles d'Hy eres, where they will remain a few days, in
order to exercise the men at the guns. The Uranie,
of 60 guns, was lying in the roadstead of Hyeres
when the squadron anchored. The Genereux, which
is to take on board some of the prisoners sentenced to
transportation, left the harbour of Toulon on the 21st,
and anchored in the outer roads.

The PRESIDENT of the Republic was present at the
representation of Guillaume Tell at the Grand Opera
the night before last. He was accompanied by
Marshal EXCELMANS, General RoonET, his aide-de-
camp, M. DE FREMONT, the Minister of the Interior,
and Colonel NEY DE LA MosEowA.
The Bourse was feeble, with not much business doing.
The Five per Cents, opened at 103 f. 35c., rose to 103 f.
450.; and fell subsequently to 102 f. 80c., at which they
closed for the end of the month. The Three per
Cents. closed at 65f. 15c.; Orleans Railroad Shares,
1,070 f.; Rouen, 660 f.; Havre, 260 f.; Great Northern,
5584. 75c.; Avignon, 230 f.•, Vierzon, 498 f. 75c.; Basle,
250 f.; Bordeaux, 430 f.; Paris and Straeburgh, 452 f.
50c.; Tours and Nantes, 295 f.; Amiens to Boulogne,
281 f. 250.; Paris and Lyons, 5624.50 c.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, J. 28.
Boulogne and Amiens, 11— Dutch Rhenish, 31A—East
207/p —Luxembourg, 34—Namur and Liege, 5%---
Northern of France, IB,4—Orleans and Bordeaux, 774--
Paris and Lyons, B%—Paris and Rouen, 26—Paris and
Strasbourg, 151—Rouen and Havre, 1014—Sambre and
Meuse, 37/B—West Flanders, 214.

SPAIN.

Madrid journals of the 23d have arrived.

It is said that certain changes in the Cabinet are
imminent in consequence of a division in the Cabinet
respecting some project connected with the property
of the clergy. A decree was promulgated at Madrid
on December 19, increasing the import duties on
woollen cloth., leather, china, and paper, from Jan. 1,
1852 ; but on the representations of the French Am-
bassador at Madrid, a fresh decree has been issued,
declaring that such augmentation of duties is not to
be applied until February 20, for articles coming from
France and the other countries of Europe.
The Bolsa was closed.

GEMANY.
The Grand Duke o R
f BADEN, who has been seriously
ill for several weeks past, has become so much worse
that be is unable to receive his Ministers. His
i
situation, however, s not considered dangerous ; but
as the health of
in
the hereditary prince will not per-
mit him to take hand the reins of government, it
is desired by many persons about the Court that the

constitution shall be so modified as to provide for the
accession of Prince FREDERICK, the GRAND DUKE'S
second son, to the throne.
The state of siege in the Grand Duchy of Baden
has been prolonged.
A Lutheran Minister, named EicanortN, in Baden,
having attempted to re-establish the ultra doctrines
of LUTHER, notwithstanding the prohibition of the
Government, has been arrested, and, in virtue of the
state of siege, declared " a prisoner of war."
A letter from Berlin of the 25th says—
M. Carnot, ex-member of the Legislative Assembly
of France, has made an application to the King for leave
to fix his residence 113 Prussia. M. do Humboldt, the
old friend of General Carnot, and his colleague at the
Institute of France, presented M. Carnot's letter to the
King, who at once granted the request made. M. Car-
not, it is said, will reside at Bonn."
The increase which the Minister of War in Prussia
intends to demand in the War Budget is stated to be
between four and five millions of thalers.
The Press of Vienna of the 24th, says it has been
positively decided that the Indian mail shall in future
pass regularly twice a month through Saxony and
Cologne.