The Sun.
London, England, 1864-09-16 00:00:00

way loans. It should be remarked that the direc-
tors have had no ordinary difficulties to contend
with during the last year or two. The long-pend-
ing proceis of amalgamation has even now been
scarcely adjusted, and the task of reconciling the
various interests involved has been an extremely
trying one. Farther, the company has had to
assume no inconsiderable amount of debenture
debts contracted by other companies which it has
absorbed. The feeble:credit of these minor under-
takings is, of course, reflected in comparatively
high rates of interest ; and it is only as debentures
run out that they can either be paid off or renewed
on more moderate terms. By 1867 or 1868, how-
ever, the bulk of the debenture debt of the Great
Eastern ought to be floating at 4 per cent, as the
debentures and debenture stock combined only
amount to 23.81 percent. of the whole capital raised
or created. It may be added that the amount of
capital which the company was authorised at the
close of 1863 to raise was £18,481,577 by shares,
and £5,677,481 by loans. The amount which the
company was authorised to subscribe to other under-
takings was £220,000, and of this amount £89,C00
had been actually paid up. It may also be observed
that during the last session of Parliament very con-
siderable additional capital powers were obtained.
The directors arc making great exertions to de-
velops additional traffic, and from the short state-
ment given above it will be seen that their efforts
have not been unattended with success, although the
working expenses have also considerably increased.
I❑ 1863, the:total number of trains run upon the
system and the affiliated lines was 201,270 (141,260
passengers and 60,010 goods) ; and the aggregate
number of miles traversed was 5,652,733 (3,269,135
by passenger trains, and 2,383,598 by goods trains).
This very considerable train circulation resulted in
the conveyance of 11,011,661 passengers—viz.,
1,288,677 first-class, 2,203,816 second-class, and
7,519,168 third-class and Parliamentary. There
were besides 2,432 holders of season or periodical

conveyed was 10,171,605, so that the passenger traffic
seems to have made considerable progress in 1863.
The accessory business of the quick trains comprised
last year the conveyance of 2,840 carriages, 16,856
horses, and 21,349 dogs. The live stock conveyed
by the slow or goods trains amounted to 267,381
head of cattle, 742,405 sheep, and 160,840 pigs.
Coal was carried to the extent of 684,583 tons, and
other minerals and general merchandise to the ex-
tent of 1,438,062 tons (against 1,237,369 tons in
1862). The average fares charged upon the main
line were 2,10 d. per mile first• class, 1.90 per
mile second-class, and I.ood. per mile third.class;
while the express fares were 2.87 d. per mile first
class, and 2.00 d per mile second-class. These rela.
tively high rates, which were even slightly exceeded
upon the affiliated lines, produced £169,640 from
first class passengers, £214,377 from second class,
and £301,862 from third class, while £23,293 was
also derived from season or periodical tickets, mak-
ing a total of £709,172. The accessory receipts of
the quick trains were £47,348, and £21,400 was also
derived from the conveyance of mails, making the
aggregate earnings of the coaching department
1777,920. The receipts from live stock were
£76,303; from coal and coke, 1113,461 ; and from
other minerals and general merchandise £529,721;
making the total earnings of the slow train service
for the year £719,485. This total, added to the
£777,920 acquired under the head of coaching,
places the general result at £1,497,405, as previ-
ously indicated. To this amount the Great Eastern
proper contributed £1,487,207 ; the Lynn and Hun-
stanton, £7,200 ; the Tendring Hundred, £665 ;
and the Ware, Hadham, and Buntingford, £2,333.
The working expenses of last year may be subdi-
vided as follows :—Maintenance and renewal of
way, £148,316 ; locomotive power (including cost
of working the London, Tilbury, and Southend),
£220,608; repairs and renewals of carriages and
waggons, £50,728 ; traffic charges (coaching and
merchandisa,), £249,193; rates and taxes, £34,660;
Government duty, £23,763 ; compensation for per-
sonal injury, &c., £8,824; compensation for damage
and loss of goods, £4,251; legal and Parliamentary
expenses, £2,883; and miscellaneous outgoings,
£34,276. The chief feature in these figures is the
comparatively sma'l amount expended upon
the way—little more than £2OO per mile ; but
the meagreness of the traffic accounts to a
very great extent for this, the amount earned
upon the system last year haying been only £2,157
per mile, while upon the Great Western it was
12,881 per mile, The rolling stock possessed by the
Great Eastern at the close of last year comprised
330 locomotives, 986 carriages used for the convey-
ance of passengers only, 407 ether vehicles attacbed
to passenger trains, 7,680 waggons of all kinds used
for the conveyance of live stock, minerals, or gene-
ral merchandise, and 150 other carriages or waggons,
making an aggregate of 9,553. Thus, with seven-
twelfths of the mileage worked by the London and
North Western, the Greet Eastern did not possess
half as much rolling stock, while in the matter of
locomotives the proportion was reduced to conside-
rably less than one-third. It is evident, then, that
if ever the Great Eastern should succeed in develop-
ing a traffic enabling a fair remuneration to be ac-
corded to every department of the large capital em-
barked in it, the rolling stock—and more especially
he number of locomotives—must be considerably

extended.
Sueh is a general summary of the position of the
Great Eastern at the close of 1863. In dealing with
the capital account, mention should also be made of
the Colchester, Stour Valley, Sudbury, and Halstead,
which has raised and expended about £300,000, this
concern is leased to the Great Eastern, and a fair
amount of ordinary capital receives about 31 per
cent. Mention sheuld also be made of £240,000 of
preference capital, raised for the execution of a line
to Lowestoft and the improvement of the harbour
at that port (of this £240,000, half receives 4 per
cent. and half 6 per cent.). 'We must also note that
at the close of 1863 the Lynn and Hunstanton had
raised £BO,OOO (£60,000 being ordinary capital
which received 4 per cent. for 1863) : that the Ten-
dring Hundred had raised £26,309 (of this amount
£21,309 was ordinary stock which received nil) ; and
the Ware, Hadham, and Buntingford had raised
£98,660 (of this amount £49,281 was ordinary stock
which received nil). These sums, taken together,
amount in the aggregate to nearly 1,750,000, and
adding this amount to the £23,220,828 raised by
the Great Eastern proper, we may state the capital
represented by the Great Eastern Railway and its
allies at about £24,000,000. Perhaps this amount
is rather below the mark, as at the close of 1863
the company was, and still is " patronising " the
Bishop's Stratford, Dunmow, and Braintree, the
Mistley, Thorpe, and Walton, the Saffron Walden,
Sce. For the purposes of this article we may sum
up the position of the concern by stating its capital
at the close of 1863 at about £24,000,000, for which
nearly 700 miles were in working order, wadethe
rough receipts were about £1,500,000, end the net
profits £720,000 for tho year. It is evident, then
that the Great Eastern is,with all its shortcomings,
an enterprise of very respectable importance. That
the traffic and profits are gradually extending is,
no doubt, a source of legitimate satisfaction,but the
growth of a capital was still more rapid in 1862
and 1803, and the dividend paid upon the ordinary
stock for 1863 exhibited no improvement, but
rather the reverse. This year the traffic has experi-
enced a very respectable expansion, but the holders
of ordinary stock still find their position un-
improved, and the dividend doled out to them for
the first six mouths of 1864 was or ly at the rate of
about 14 per cent. The current half of the year is
no doubt the most remunerative, but the ordinary
shareholders can scarcely expect more than 2 per
cent. for 1864. In this state of affairs the directors
are about to embark in metropolitan extensions,
which will probably saddle the concern with e.ddie
ticnal fixed charges to the amount of £60,000 or
£70,000 per annum, The suburban traffic N,hich
may be cultivated is no doubt very great, and the
existing accommodation is doubtless in,dequatc ;
nevertheless, it appears problematical whether, at
any rate for some years to come, the additional
traffic secured will provide for the extra fixed
charges which will have to be met. One thing is
quite clear. The district accommodated by this
company is unp-ogressive per se; and it is only by
improved communication with the manufacturing
districts, the dece!opment of a SC.. Fide traffic—in

which particular the company has been very suc-
cessful this year—and a reduction in working ex-
penses and interest charges that the position of the
ordinary proprietors can be ameliorate& The
management has of late, however, unmistakeably
improved, and by degrees the at present unsatis-
factory dividends received by the holders of ordinary
stock may also improve.

Murder of a Non-Commissioned Officer
at Malta.

MALTA.—On Tuesday, the 6th of September,
John Burns, aged 22, years, born in Ireland, a
soldier of the lst battalion 22d Regiment, was ar-
raigned on the charge of wilful murder, which
crime he committed on the 16th of August last inthe
barracks at Floriana, by having maliciously and
with the intention of putting the life of Sergeant
Thomas Ludgate of the same corps, in manifest
danger, and of killing him, caused the instantaneous
death of the said Ludgate by firing at him with his
rifle, and inflicting on him a wound in the right
Hide of his neck. The Crown Advocate, Sir A.
Dingli, C. 8., who conducted the prosecution, in-
voked the punishment of death against the prisoner,
as provided for in article 205 of the Criminal Laws.
The prisoner having pleaded not guilty to the
charge, the Crown Advocate opened the case by
briefly stating to the jury the principal facts of this
awful crime, which were afterwards deposed to by
the witnesses ; and after calling on the jurors to
consider well the two points submitted to them—
that is, whether the murder had been committed by
the prisoner at the bar, and whether he had the in.
tention of killing—he concluded by appealing to
the impartiality and firmness of the jury.
The following witnesses for the prosecution were
then called and examined on oath:—
Dr Pisani, Dr Grillet, and Dr Welch, Assistant-
Surgeon, Ist Battalion 22d Regiment, who deposed

that they had been called to examine the corpse o
Sergeant Thomas Ludgate, 22d Regiment. Dr
• -- s e.ea..es in thr, bar.
room at Floriana. He was perfectly dead, and had
a wound iu the neck, caused by a firearm. Death
must have necessarily ensued.
Sub-Inspector Wright said he was called on the
16th of August, at half-past three, and told that a
soldier had shot a set geant. He went to the barracks
and found the sergeant lying dead on his bed with a
wound in the neck. In the evening an inquest was
held, when a piece of leaden ball and a piece of
wood were given witness by a sergeant. W hen these
pieces were found the prisoner was present, but
did not say anything. -Witness spoke once to the
prisoner, who complained of having been ill-
treated by Sergeant Ludgate.
Richard Pratt, private, Ist Battalion 22d Regi-
ment, deposed that on the 16th of August he was in
the barrack-room, and having heard the report of
firearms he ran to the end of the room, and saw the
prisoner placing his rifle against the wall. Ser-
geant Ludgate was lying motionless on his bee,
with a wound under his right ear.
Sergeant William Lepthom, Ist Battalion 22d
Regiment, said Private Pratt gave him a piece of a
ball which he had found near the prisoner's bed. It
was the one exhibited to him in court.
Lance-Corporal Hobson, Ist Battalion 22d Regi-
ment, stated that on the 16th of August, at about
3 o'clock in the afternoon, he was in his roam at the
barracks when he heard an explosion in the next
room. He ran to the room, and was told by the
men that the prisoner had shot Sergeant Ludgate.
He went to look at the sergeant, who was lying
dead on his bed with a wound under his right ear.
He found the rifle with which the sergeant was
shot. It was numbered 442, and belonged to the
prisoner at the bar.
Sergeant Henry M'Leod, Ist Battalion 22d Re-
ment, deposed that he knew the rifle which be-
longed to Private Burns. He recognised it from
the number. Sergeant Ludgate was shot on Aug.
16, at about 3.10 p.m., and it was then that he saw
the rifls, which was in the hands of Corporal Hob-
son. He examined the pouch of Private Burns, and
found a cartridge deficient.
John Gray, private, Ist Battalion 22d Regiment.
said he was charged to write out tickets for each
packet of cartridges belonging to No. 6 and 7 com-
panies. He recognised the ticket existing on the
packet of Burns' cartridges (No. 1,181).
Sergeant-Major A. King, Ist Battalion 22d Re-
giment, deposed that, during the time he was in the
service, no cartridges were ever fount deficient.
Lieutenant J. H. Hamersley, Adjutant, let Bat-
talion 22d Regiment, identified the Defaulters'
Sheet, existing in the proceedings, from which it
appears that Sergeant Ludgate had reported Burns
several times, even lately before his death, for
breaches of regulations.
Capt. A. Monk, Ist Battalion 22d Regiment, also
identified the Defaulters' Sheet. He said that in
June last Burns was reported once, and in August
three times, on two of which occasions by Sergeant
M'Gregor and Sergeant Ludgate, and on another
by Sergeant Ludgate alone. The last report was
made on the 16th of the same month. Burns was
sentenced to two days' drill and two days' con-
finement in the barracks. He recognised the pri-
soner at the bar.
John Melville, private, Ist Battalion 22d Regis
ment, said be knew the prisoner, who belonged to
No. 6 company. Sergeant Ludgate belonged to the
same company. On the;l6th of August, at about
10 minutes to three in the afternoon, witness went
to the room where Ludgate and Burns were, to hand
a book to Corporal Herrington, and found the pri-
soner standing with the rifle in his right hand.
Ludgate was lying on his bed at about three yards
distance from witness. When handing the book to
Corporal Harrington he heard an explosion, and on
turning round (as he had his face towards Herrings
ton) he saw the prisoner with his rifle levelled
against Ludgate. The prisoner soon afterwards
said, "I have done that, and I rill go now to the
guard-room," and then placed his rifle against the
wall. Witness said, "My God, he has killed him."
Corporal John Harrington, Ist Battalion 22d
Regiment, said he lived in the room of the 6th com-
pany, where Sergeant Ludgate had his bed. He
knew that the sergeant was shot on the 16th of
August, at about ten minutes before three in the
afternoon. Ho knew the prisoner, who was then in
the room. When he saw him after the explosion, he
(Burns) held his rifle as if it came down from the
"present," and he subsequently placed it against
the wall. The interval between the explosion and
the time when he saw him in that position was al-
most instantaneous. He saw smoke issuing from
the rifle. Prisoner looked at Sergeant Ludgate,
who was lying lifeless on his bed, and said, " There,
you b-."
John Macnulties, private of the Ist Battalion 22d
Regiment, said he slept in the same room with Ser-
geant Ludgate and Burns. On the 16th of August,
at about 10 minutes to 3 in the afternoon, he beard
an explosion, and soon afterwards ono of the men
said " My God, the man is shot." He looked round
and found the prisoner with the rifle in his hand.
He then seized hold of him and took him to the
guard-room. On arriving there the prisoner said,
" If Sergeant M'Gregor had been there I would have
shot him also."
John Williams, private, Ist Battalion, 22d Regi-
ment, knew the prisoner as well as Sergeant Ludgate.
Oa the 16th of August, at 10 minutes to 3 in the
afternoon, he was in the barrack.room lying on hie
bed, and siw the prisoner holding his rifle as if he
were cleaning it. Soon afterwards he heard the re-
port of firearms, looked round, and saw the prisoner
with his rifle levelled at Sergeant Ludgate. He then
placed the rifle against the wall, and looked at the
sergeant, saying " That will do for you." When
being conveyed to the guard-room the prisoner said
" That is the crime for which you should confine me."
Charles Hargreaves, private, Ist battalion 22d
Regiment, deposed that on the afternoon of Aug. 6,
at about 10 minutes to 3, he was lying on his bed
at the end of the barrack room, where Sergt. Lud-
gate and Private Burns were, when he heard the
report of firearms and some one say "Arrest Burns."
He then arrested the prisoner, who said ho would
have been glad if he had killed the other sergeant.
Sergeant M'Gregor, Ist Battalion 22d Regiment,
said that ho had occasion to report the prisoner re-
cently before Sergeant Ludgate's death.
Dr. Mariani then addressed the jury for the de-
fence. He said that they should not look to the
atrocity of the crime, but only to the fact whether

the prisoner was guilty or not: It was true that
there was very strong circumstantial evidence
against the prisoner, but it was not proved that the
prisoner had loaded his rifle for the pxrpose of kill-
ing the unfortunate sergeant, nor did it appear that
the cartridge found deficient had beer taken by the
prisoner himself from his packet, inesmuch as his
pouch was not kept by him but was accessible to the
other men—which facts showed that if the prisoner
committed the murder he did so accidentally. He
said that the punishments awarded him by his supe-
riors could not have been the cause of the crime, and
concluded by recommending the prisoner to the
jury, owing to his youth and good zonduct.
The learned President summed up the chief
evidence to the jury, and said that the present case
was a very simple one for their consideration, re-
marking that the words uttered by the accused and
the principal circumstances deposed to by some of
the witnesses left no doubt as to the guilt of the
prisoner. He warned the jury that if any of them
were of opinion that the punishments inflicted on
the prisoner had provoked him into the commission
of the crime, this was not admissible by law, inas-
much as those punishments were legal and accord-
ing to the provisions of the law.
The jury then withdrew, and soon afterreturned
the followed verdict The jury unanimously de-
clare that John Burns is guilty of the crime with
which he stands charged in the indictment. The
jury, however, recommend him to mercy owing to
his youth."
On this verdict the Court sentenced the prisoner,
John Burns, to the punishment of death, which was
carried into execution at about half-past six on

the morning of the 10th of September, outside the
Conradino Prison. The prisoner being a Roman
Catholic and not having been confirmed, was at-

tended on for this purpose on the evening preced-
ing the execution by the Lord Bishop of Malta.
The Rev. 1)r. Coghlan. the newly appointed
Roman Catholic military chaplain, and two Maltese
Capuchin friars, afforded him spiritual consolation
10J 1,41.1 1(4,,

Naval and Military Intelligence.
The following is from a correspondent at Malta :—" The
Orlando returned to port on the 6th, having on the morn-
ing preceding at 9 o'clock, when off the coast of Sicily,
near Trapani, been struck by a severe white squall, which
hove her bodily on her beam ends, and when in this position
her main and fore yards were carried away, both breaking
off at about 4fl from the end. As she was at the time of the
accident considerably ahead of the rest of the squadron,
Capt. Randolph waited for
,the Marlborough to come up,
and when Admiral Smart heard what had happened, he at
once ordered her back to Malta to replace her lost yards.
The other ships would have reached Palermo on the 6th,
and after two days' stay will proceed to Naples. Her Ma-
jesty's steamsloop Trident left on the 3d for the Piraeus of
Athens. The paymaster of this vessel was dismissed the
service on the Ist of Sept. by sentence of a naval court-
martial of which Capt. Provost, of her Majesty's ship Gib-
raltar, sat as president, which was held on board of her Ma-
jesty's chip Hibernia. Her Majesty's screw steam corvette
Racer, from Woolwich, Falmouth, Gibraltar, and Algiers,
having in company (the greatest part of the voyage in
tow) the Syrian and Wizard screw steam gunboats, on the
application by telegraph to the Commander-in-Chief at
Palermo of the representative of Messrs. Glass, Elliot, and
Co., is preparing to put to sea to assist the screw steamer
Fanny Lambert, which left for Bengazi on the Bth, in lift-
ing, to seek the ruptured part, repairing, and submerging
the telegraphic submarine cable between Bengazi and Alex-
andria, which ceased speaking' on the night of the 6th of
September. The position of the break is said to be from
180 to 200 miles rem Bengazi, from which last mentioned
place to Malta communication is uninterrupted. Her Ma-
jesty's despatch steamer Pysche left for Palermo on the
forenoon of the Bth, with despatches for the Admiral and
mails for the ships accompanying him to hand from Eng-
land, via Marseilles, by the Peninsular and Oriental ,Corn-
panyis mail steamer the Ellora. The present distribution
of the Mediterranean squadron, composed of 33 steam and
one sailing vessels—namely, four screw steamships of the
line, four steam frigates, two ironclad screw steam frigates,
four screw steam corvettes, eight screw steam gunboats,
one steam sloop, two surveying steam vessels, two de-
spatch steam vessels; two steam tugs, one line-of-battlere-
ceiving ship, and one sailing gunboat, tender to same, is
as follows :—Tbe Marlborough screw steam line-of-battle
ship, bearing the flag of the Commander-in-Chief, Vice-
Admiral R. Smart, K H., with the Gibraltar, Si, screw
steam line-of-battle ship, the Royal Oak, 35, and Resist-
ance, 16, ironclad screw steam frigates, are on a cruise to
the ports ot Sicily and Naples, and this morning were at
Palermo. Tue Revenge, bearing the fli,g of Rear-Admi-
ral 8.. H. Yelverton, C. 8., with the Chanticleer, 17, screw
steam corvette, is in the Bay of Tunis. The Phoebe, 35,
screw steam frigate, and the Foxhound, 4, screw steam
gunboat, are at Swa. The Pelican, 17, screw steam cor-
vette, is at Sfax. The Firefly, 3, surveying steam sloop
off the coast of Sicilly, near Marsala—the Wanderer, 4,
screw steam gunboat, at Corfu—the Magicienne, 16,paddle-
wheel steam frigate, and the Hydra, 1 paddlewheel steam
survey ing sloop, are at Patras—the Liffey, 39, screw steam
frigate—the Surprise, 4, screw steam gunboat—and the
Trident, 3, paddlewheel steam sloop, at the Piraeus of
Athens—the Cockatrice, 2, screw steam gunboat, is in the
Danube—the Caradoc, 2, paddlewheel steam despatch ves-
sel at Constantinople—the Cossack, 20, screw steam cor-
vette, at Beyreut—the Hibernia receiving ship, bearing the
flag of Rear-Admiral Horatio Thos. Austin, C,8., Super-
intendent ot Malta Dockyard—the Orlando,46, screw steam
frigate—the Racer, 16, screw steam corvette—the Weser, 6
—the Tyrian and Wizard, screw steam gunboats—and the
Azof sailing gunboat, and Hearty steam tug are at Malta
—the Meeanee, 60, screw steam line of battle ship—and
Procris, 2, screw steam gunboat, and Redpele, 1, screw
steam tug at Gibraltar—and the Psyche despatch steamer,
is on her way to Falermo from Malta."
The armament for the screw corvette Cadmus, 21, 400,
porse power, shipped from the Chatham ordnance-wharf
on board the War Department transport Bomarsund, was
landed at the dockyard yesterday, and will be placed on
board to-day. The Cadmus takes 16 of the 8-inch 60
pounder cast iron smooth bore guns, for throwing hollow
shot, four 40 pounder naval Armstrongs, and one 110
pounder 81 cwt. naval Armstrong, together with the
usual complement of light Arrnstronga and brass
guns for field and boat service. In consequence of the amount
of work still remaining to be executed on board the corvette
in the way of fitting, the Cadmus will not be sufficiently
advanced to leave the dock during the present spring tides,
but it is probable she will be so far completed as to allow of
her being fhated out of dock by
-nth. The sum originally ordered to be expended on the
Cadmus in the way of repairs— the end of the present
al
£lo,ooo—will be very con-
siderably exceeded, in consequence of the additional work
which it was found necessary should be executed as the re-
pairs were in progress. It is understood that the Cadmus
will join the West India squadron, under the command of
Commodore P. Cracroft, C.B,
The whole of the 100-pounder wrought iron smooth-bore
guns with which the iron-clad frigate Achilles, 20, 1,250
horse power, will be armed have been despatched from the
Chatham gun wharf to that vessel in the War Department
cutters employed ou that duty. Although the Achilles ori-
ginally figured in the Navy List as a 40 gun frigate, her
armament has since been cut down to 20 guns, the whole of
which were to have been of the new kind of 100-pounders.
Within the last few days, however, the authorities at
Whitehall have again decided on some alterations in the
armament of the Achilles, and instead of the iron frigate
carrying 20 of the 100-pounders, in accordance with previ-
ously received orders at Chatham, it is now intended she
shall mount only 16 of that description of guns, the remain-
der of her complement of guns being made up, according to
existing intentions, of several of the 100-pounders which
are to undergo the process of rifling. The decision of the
Admiralty not to place any of the 300-pounders on board
the Achilleshas created considerable surprise in naval circles
especially when it is considered that in any future naval
engagements in which our iron-clads will take part every
other description of armament, with the exception of the
300 pounder and 600 pounders, will be comparatively
ork the t
in-
effective against armour plated ships.
The first step on the part of the Admiralty to dispense
withenexpensive
husreleassyeastetombeof
employedhand
labour iu
min s
t h
been the manufac-
ture
carried
of ships' cables and ropes, and permit the number of
wmtoCrehparthofiamt"
table labour in our royal dockyard., has
Just
dockyard,into eff effect t
whereat t h a
e rop e m
numberak ionf g t
eestablishment
largest o nm
eando most expen-
e a
sive of the spinning jennies for preparing the hemp for the
manufacture of the largest kind of rope cables are now in
course of erection. The machines in question have been
constructed for the Admiralty by Messrs Fairbairn and Co.
of Leeds, who have erected a considerable portion of the
machinery used in preparing the iron work for the armour
clad ships under construction at the same dockyard, and are
of the most approved design and finish. fight of the new
machines are to be erected in the first in ance, and addi-
tional machinery of a similar kind will bo brought into use
as the resources ot the establishment demand it.
An announcement has been received at Chathem of th
intention of the Lords of the Admiralty to shortly make
some important alterations in the rig of the whole of the
vessels composing the squadron of ironclads, the recent ex-
perimental cruise of the iron plated fleet, both under sail
and steam,having adduced some important results as regards
the sailing capabilities of the iron ships with their present
form of rig, It has now become a recognised fact that in
future the rig of our vessels of war must play a subordinate
part to the steaming capabilities of each ship, In our mo-
dern system of naval warfare the ultimate victory will un-
dnoi
sutbitne y a
ui no:c i
vnrei og tahnadt vinesseuepl
eNrs
iho irci ht y coafas beat
ihnegr ant a g
shouldo-
the batter be even as small as a fraction of a knot per hour,
Acting on this well understood principle the Admiralty
have decided on doing away with much of the rigging which

crowds most of the ships cf the ironclad squadron, and
giving each a lighter rig, the fact of the Enterprise and the
Defence beating all the other ships el the Channel Fleet on
a wind, when under full sail, having induced the Board to
take the necessary steps for altering the other vessels of the
squadron to the description of rig of the vessels mentioned.
The machinery of the screw steam frigate Constance, 39,
at Devonport, which is in charge of Chief Engineer Joseph
H Fills, is undergoing some alteration. When completed
she will no doubt be put in commission.
The iron screw steamship Defence, 16, Capt. Augustus
Phillim)re, from Bristol, which arrived in Plymouth Sound
on Wednesday, embarked yesterday a number of men for
the Channel Squadron, and will probably leave to-day to join
the flag of Admiral Dacres at Portland or Torbay.
Yesterday morning the Ist battalion of the Scots Fusileer
Guarda, under the command of Col. Hepburn, Col. Gordon,
and Lieut.- Col, Hay, left the Sheet-street Barracks, Wind-
sor, for the Windsor-station of the Great Western Railway,
en route for the Tower of London. The battalion, which
consists of 17 officers, 693 non-commissioned officers and
privates, 96 women, and 110 children, proceeded to town in
three divisions (the trains starting respectively at 7 10, 7 40,
and 8 15 a.m. from Windsor), via the Great Western and
Metropolitan Railway to the Farringdon-street terminus,
whence the troops marched through the city to the Tower.
The 2d battalion Coldstream Guards, from the Wellington
Barracks, numbering 10 officers and 6C4 non-commissioned
officers and men, commanded by Col. St. George Stepney,
C,8,, left the Victoria Station, Pimlico, at S 10 a.m. yester-
day, and proceeded by special train, via the Great Western
Railway, to Windsor, where it relieves the let battalion
Scots Fusilier Guards. The battalion on leaving the station
marched at once to the Sheet-street Barracks, which it

now occupies,
The following detail of officers and men belonging to the
Ist battalion sth Fusileers from the Tower yesterday
marched into Woolwich garrison and took up their winter
quarters at the Royal Artillety Barracks, vacated on the pre-
vious day by the three batteries of the 13th brigade garrison
artillery on their removal to Dover :----2 field officers, 5
captains, 10 subalterns, 3 staff officers, 27 sergeants, 17
drummers, and 421 rank ftnd file—namely Lieut. and
Brevet-Col. William C. Master, C. 8., in command ; Major
William Lyons, Capts. Thomas S. Bigge, William H, P.
Meara, Brevet-Major Edwin J, Oldfield, Edward Town-
shend, and J. J. Mathew—Lieuts. G. Herrick, J. Hartley,
A. Nichols, and A. M, Hill—Ensigns H. R. W. Miles, J.
H. Clutterbuck, T. A, Cook, J. Marker, J. J. Dakin, and
J. B, Kempts Tynte—Paymaster F. B. F,qrster. Lieut. and
W Erinerbv. and .uraxe—Uo women
and 75 children.
The departure of the head-quarters of the 13th brigade
Royal Artillery, in command of Col, Raniley, from Wool-
wich to Dover, is deferred until the 28th inst.
Major-Gen. A. F. Crawford died at Jersey on Saturday
last. The deceased General entered the Royal Artillery as
Second-Lieut. Aug. 17, 1803, and became Lieut. Sept. 12
following, lie served in the lines in front of Shral, Portu-
gal, in 1809, and was made Capt. Aug. 3, 1810. He was
next engaged at the capture of Genoa in 1814, and subses
quently in the American war, including the taking of
Washington and engagements before New Orleans, His
commissions bear date as Major July 22, 1830—Lieut.-Col.
Jan. 10, 1837—C01. July 20, 1817—and Major-Gen. Nov.
28, 1864.
The following appointments have been made in the Royal
Naval Reserve :—To be Licuts., William Kingcome and
Francis Duncan; to be Hon. Lieut., Richard Wrankmoro.