The Sun.
London, England, 1864-09-22 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 22, 1864.

TO 1-)ERSONS SEEKING LANDED
ESL ATES, TOWN AND COUNTRY RESIDENCES,
FREEHOLD AND LEASEHOLD INVESTMENTS, AND
PROPER TIES GENERALLY—
To BE HAD GRATIS, at the principal Railway Bookstalls
throughout the kingdom, or at the Auction and Estate Offices,
No. 67, Chancery-lane, London, Messrs. E. and H. Lumley's
"FREE PROPERTY REGISTER," containing ft varied selection
of landed and house properties now in the market, from
the nobleman's mansion, with its manorial domain, to the
cottage with its few acres.
OWNERS OF PROPERTIES wishing to Sell or Let can em-
brace the opportunity that the medium of this Reg,isier
affords, by sending the particulars of their properties to the
Estate Offices, 67, Chancery-lane, London, as the Messrs.
Lumley can in most cases introduce immediate customers,
where the property is of an eligible character, thereby avoid-
ing the disadvantages of delay and its attendant incon-
veniences.
'THERE IS No CHARGE incurred, unless a tenant or pur-
chaser is introduced through Messrs. Lumley's Agency,
and then only the usual moderate commission.
Auction and Land Offices, 67, Chancery-lane, London.

VURNITURE, CARPETS, B EDDING, and
FLOORCLOTH, CARRIAGE-FREE to any house in
the kingdom, regardless 01 amount or distance. First-class
goods at second-class prices. Terms peculiarly liberal to
Clergymen and Gentlemen. An Immense stook to select
from, displayed in Showrcoms occupying an acre of ground.
Every article warranted.
CLERGYMEN and GENTLEMEN ABOUT TO FUR-
NISH are respectfully informed that Messrs. Cobbett and
. are publishing an entirely New Edition of their un-
equalled HOUSE FURNISHING GUIDE, illustrated by4lo
achn,-able engravings of every description of Furniture and
Bedsteads, with prices attached. A copy sent gratis and
post-free on application. This costly work also contains
complete estimates for furnishing on the following revised
soak :

A Six-roomed Parsonage £74 3 0
An Eight-roomed ditto
A Ten-roomed ditto ........
A Twelve-roomed ditto

Together with a Price List of purified Bedding, and a mass
of valuable informationto all requiring househ3ld furniture,
carpets, or bedding. References kindly permitted to Clergy-
men and gentlemen in or near Great Malvern, Southampton,
Chichester, Bury, Ely, Preston, Grimsby, Ryde, Plymouth,
Wells, Oxford, Brighton, Gainsborough, Margate. Kidder-
minster, Wellington, Croydon. Cambridge, Staines, Dorking,
St. Alban's, Worcester, Ipswich, Peterborough, St. David's,
Wrexham, and above 500 other places in all parts of Great
COBBETT and CO., General House Furnishers, Deptf ord-
bridge, London. S.E.

Lancashire in the order named. The lot ran in close order
for a mile and a quarter, when East Lancashire went to the
front, was never afterwards approached, and won by 20
lengths ; Real Jam was fourth, and Bombay last,
The Military Stakes of 3 soya each, with 15 added, list 71b
each, gentlemen riders, winners and
professionals extra.

One mile and a half. 4 subs.
Lieut. De Burgh's The Rogue ........
(Captain Alfrey) 1
Mr R. Harrison's Staring Tom, 5 yrs (Mr Ward) 2
Mr Churchman's Sharpshooter, 6 yrs (Mr Bevill) 3
Mr Collins's Vengeance (h b) aged ........ (Mr Pollard) 4
Betting—Even on Sharpshooter, who made play for half
a mile, when The Rogue went ahead, but ran out, and lost
at least 150 yards, but being persevered with he caught his
horses at the top of the hill, and, sailing away home, won
by three lengths ; two lengths separated the second and
third.

BETTING AT MANCHESTER—YESTERDAY.
For the Great Eastern Handicap several horses were in-
troduced at the prices quoted, but only to small sums. For
the Cesarewitch, Suspicion and Gratitude were in most re-
quest, the latter having been backed to win a large sum at
20 to 1. 25 to 1 was offered on the field for the Cam-
bridgeshire, and taken a few times about Baldwin. Closing
prices :

GREAT EASTERN RAILWAY HANDICAP.
25 to 1 agst Gemma (taken)
25 to 1 agst Biondella (taken)
25 to 1 agat Vivid (taken)
25 to 1 agst Umpire (taken) -
25 to 1 aget Peignoir (taken)
25 to 1 agat Pupil (taken)

CESIREWITCIT.
15 to 1 agat Suspicion (taken)
20 to 1 agst Gratitude (taken freely)
25 to 1 agst Calista colt (taken)
100 to 3 agat Thaleatris (taken)
40 to 1 agst Battaglia (taken)
100 to 1 agst Baldwin (taken)
100 to 1 agat The Brewer (taken) .

CAMBRIDGESHIRE.
25 to 1 agst Baldwin (taken)
100 to 3 agat Brick (taken)

Mr. Disraeli on Agricultural Topics.

AYLESBURY, Wednesday.
The annual meeting of the Royal and Central Bucks
Agricultural Association took place this day. The show
generally gave great satisfaction, and the attendance of
visitors was numerous.

The dinner at the George Hotel was presided over by Mr
Acton Tindall, and among the guests were the Right Hon.
B. Disraeli, M.P., Mr T. T. Bernard, M.P., Mr S. G.
Smith, M.P., Sir A. Rothschild, Mr N. M. de Rothschild,
Mr J. Hall, the Rev. Dr Booth, the Rev. Mr Fremantle,
Mr G. Stone, Mr Dauncy, Mr Tredwell, and numerous
other gentlemen connected with the district.

The health of "The Queen, the Prince and Princess of
Wales, and the rest of the Royal Family" having been
given, and drunk with the usual honours,
The CHAIRMAN proposed "The Army, Navy, and Volun-
teers," expressing his satisfaction that all political parties
were desirous, if possible, of preserving peace. (Cheers.)
Lieutenant FREMANTLE, on behalf of the Volunteers,
briefly acknowledged the compliment.
" The Health of the Bishop and Clergy of the Diocese"
was responded to by the Rev, Dr BOOTH.
Mr DAUNCY proposed "The County and Borough Mem-
bers," with three times three and one cheer more.
Mr DISRAELI, on rising to respond to the toast, said,
—Mr Chairman and Gentlemen,—l wish very much that

my colleagues were present to express on their part,
better than I can, their sense of the very kind manner in
which you have received the propositions of their healths.
I amsaythat the
is one
position s u r
we
hI
ionly w
we
speak u
ptheirfeelings
rou when
your
confidence,
which may well satisfy the highest ambition of any Eng-
lish gentleman, and to be received with those expressions
of good feeling by those among whom we live, and
who must be tolerably well acquainted with our cha-
racter and conduct, is a reward which I and they fully
appreciate. (Cheers.) I always took a great interest in
these annual meetings of the Royal Buckingham Agricul-
tural Association, I was present at its first dinner—l will

not say that I hope to be at its last—(a laugh) ; but cer-
tainly as long as I can attend I shall be happy to do so. It
is a very long time since we first met together—more than
30 years—and at that Limp, and for some time afterwards,
hero was a very sharp criticism respecting these associa-
ti ,ns. For myself, I. never doubted that the principle upon
which they were founded was a sound principle, and, throw-
ing aside all other considerations, if their only effect were
to bring together the various classes of agriculturists, that
alone would be a very great benefit. But, gentlemen, since
these agricultural associations were first instituted, which
are now sprrad over the whole country, the very critics we

_... __ .. .
met have followed our example; but with respect to their
exhibition of manufacturing skill and manufacturing inge-
nuity, I shall never offer the criticisms which they have
made upon us. (Hear.) I very much admire those exhibi-
tions. I think they have done a great deal for the country,
and I am glad that those who were violently opposed to us
have followed our example. In fact, any means by which
the great body of this increasing population can be more
conveniently brought together must be for the public ad-
vantage. I view with equal satisfaction the philosophical
and archaeological associations which at this time of the
year are rambling all over the country. I believe their
effect is very beneficial, lam also favourably disposed to
excursion trains and harvest homes. I think all these things
show that the sort of shy and silent character which during
the last century and at the commencement of the present
seemed to be the characteristic of Englishmen is not really
so, but that we are fast returning to what was the original
character of Englishmen. England in the olden days was
called " Merrie England,"
instead of that somewhat sulky
England which in the days of our boyhood we recollect. I
think all these means by which different classes are brought
together, and new objects of interest and new sources of
interest are open to them have a beneficial effect on the
general temper and condition of the country. (Hear.) I can
upon this occasion congratulate you upon an event which,
upon the whole, is the most important that can occur in a
country—that is the harvest. (Hear.) I congratulate you
that you not only have a good harvest, but a very good
harvest. My opinion is,
from all I can learn, and from some-
thing which I have observed, that it is a capital harvest, and
that the general result of the harvest has never been done
justice to by the press , and, for some reason or other, there
was an apparent attempt to persuade the people that nature
and Providence had not been so bountiful to them as they
ought to have been. As far as the country generally is con-
cerned, I believe the harvest to be of a very high character.
I have reason to believe that of all the counties of England,
there is no county in which the harvest is more complete
and prosperous than in the county of Buckingham. I have
seen in several districts of the county crops which are not
by any means inferior to those of last year. It is true that
the root crops have not been so successful. You cannot ex-
pect that everything should be so successful. Some of the
causes which occasioned the grain crops, tvoebrye esxuuccbuelreanntt,
and plentiful acted against the root crops,tabtutfaevvoeunrittheewroiotht
crops are not so bad as many supposed them to be, after
impress upon you
all. It is possible you may not be able to produce those
colossal globes that sometimes obtain prizes at agricultural
0 you have
gentlemen,
ill afinvderi
lajwuviaecrnyyt rgtorooe
what an important event a good harvest really is. It is
very expedient that the country should contemplate what
is the effect upon its fortunes of the difference between-
a good and a bad harvest. .A. :bad harvest is, in fact,
shows,a
theia del bcekbl believe
vt
a substraction from the national wealth, which perhaps
may be equal to the whole amount of those gold mines
of which we have of late heard so much. But it is more
than that, because it is a lo"
which must be repaired
and that is to be repaired. It can only be repaired by our
sending out an equal amount of gold in order to obtain
those means of supporting the people which are wanting.
I should like to ask any gentleman here—and there are
many who ara competent fully to consider the question—
vie effect
what would have been upon England if this year
there had been gold drains and you had been obliged to
send out £20,000,000 of gold in order to import sustenance
for the people of this country. Why, it is difficult to oal-
culate the injurious consequences which
must have followed.
The country is said to be—and I doubt not it is—in a state
of great prosperity. The profits of trade have been very
great now for a series of years, and I am not at all inciined
to be one of those alarmists who always prevail, and when
there is a state of great prosperity are always preparing you
for a condition of affairs very different. But every impartial
man who clearly observes what is taking place in this coun-
try cannot withstand the conviction that the commitments
of the country are too great, and that we have entered into
engagements which it is difficult to fulfil. (Hear.) Well,
a good harvest has not only put money into your pockets,
has not only enriched an important class, but has averted
the ill consequences of an extreme state of excitement and
speculation, and probably, if it has not entirely saved us
from the injurious consequences of such a condition, it has
postponed their occurrence, and by postponing
their occur-
rence has given the opportunity of having recourse to more
prudential arrangements which may mitigate these ill con-
sequences. (Hear, hear.) Gentlemen, I hardly like to
dwell upon this topic, although it is one which really indi-
rectly concerns us as well as all other classes. I am willing
to believe that the prosperity of this country, which has
been so striking, although it may receive some temporary
sources of diminution, is founded on sound principles, and
that on the whole we may not find the collapse of which
some persons are afraid. But, assuming that the country
is in that state of great prosperity, I would for a moment
consider what is the general condition of those classes with

which we are particularly connected—l mean the agricul-
tural interest, on all its various classes of proprietors and
cultivators of the soil, and of the labouring classes
connected with it. Gentlemen. I am not disposed to think,
although we hear of the great- fortunes which are made by
some, and the great prospects of prosperity which are open
to others, that on the whole we have no great cause of com-
plaint. It is very true that a proprietor of the land does not
get 20 par cent. for his money. (Laughter, and hear, hear.)
In that remark I am sure every one present will agree. (A
Voice—We should be satisfied with five.) I don't know
that any ono has ever indulged the dream of getting 190,
which I observed the other day was announced to have
been distributed as a dividend by a society of apparently
great eminence and promise. (Laughter.) It was said in
days of old that if a man invested his property in land he
ought to be satisfied with obtaining as good an interest as
if he invested it in Consols. I doubt very much whether
any landed proprietor can accomplish that. Doubtless, if a
man buys a single farm he may by good fortune obtain a
good return. But a man who has a large estate does not
obtain a large return, and he does not seek to obtain it, be-
cause he is remunerated in a different manner and by dif-
ferent means. He is the possessor of property which by the
constitution of this country is invested with the perform-
ance of public duties, and does not look for those returns
which other sources of' investment provide. But although
a landed proprietor may not obtain the greater return which
proprietors of other capital obtain, he must remember this,
that he possesses a property which has this peculiarity—
that it is always increasing in value, and that its increase
Qf value does not really depend upon the rate of interest it
produces. his is kvery remarkable, but uudeniable cir •
cumstance. (Hear, hear.) In a country of advancing
prosperity, increasing population, and increasing wealth the
landowner possesses a property of which there is only a
limited portion, and however slight may be the return
which he obtains for the investment, still, from the popu-
larity of the property, from the manner in which our social
system has invested it with the performance of public due
ties, and the consequent respect and honour, it is a pro-
perty always increasing in value ; and if that be so,
the owner of such property has no right to complain. Let
us look for a moment to the condition of the occupancy of
soil. It is said that the farmers are never content. Well, I
have lived a good deal among farmers. They are my best
friends. They are very content with me, and I cannot agree
to that position. But it is said that the farmer pursues a
calling subject to great vicissitudes. Now, the vicissitudes
of nature must be viewed on a very great scale. You must
not decide by the experience of one or two years, and it has
always been my opinion that there is a profundity in the
dispensations of Providence which we cannot always solve,
and I do not believe that those vicissitudes of which we
sometimes complain may not produce effects of a very bane-
cial character, But this I would impress upon the farmer,
that although he in his calling is subject to the vicissitudes
of climate, he is not subject to vicissitudes of another cha-
racter—namely, that of fashion. The farmer follows a call-
ing which never becomes obsolete. He may cultivate the
soil which his father cultivated before him, and if he likes
he knows his son may follow him in the same calling. (A.
Voice—Not always.) Whereas it is a fact that of all
"flashy businesses" we hear of, wholesale or retail, who
advertise their goods and their pursuits, and who are said
to be realising large profits and great fortunes, none of
these businesses are of a permanent character. You would
be quite surprised if you had had, as I have had, the duty
to it quire into the average duration of many of these pros-
perous businesses, which while they flourish fill the ear of
the public—you will be surprised to learn how slight is
their duration, Tweleve or 13 years is the average duration
of those businesses, which, when I hear of the rapid for-
tunes they are making, I naturally connect it with some
period which applies to our own calling, whieh has existed
for generations. The farmer must remember that it is his
peculiar privilege to follow a calling that never goes out of
fashion, and that if in businesses that are followed by more
rapid results where a man turns his capital five or six times
a year, the farmer only turns his once. The farmer may, in
one respect, be compared to public singers. We hear of public
singers being paid large sums every night, but they sing for
only a short time, and the farmer should recollect that he is
pursuing a calling which, as I have before said, never goes
out of fashion, and that is an element of great happiness to
a man, and gives him great confidence. The farmer must
not only remember that, but he must remember this also,
that the objects which he produces have increased in variety
and in number, and he therefore has new sources of profit,
and will have, no doubt, still further sources of profit.
There is another point on which, from what I have seen to-
day. I cannot help touching, and that is a Production which
of late has very much interested farmers, and that is wool.
That now is one of the most important features in our agri-
cultural life, and is a sourso of very great profit to those
who cultivate the soil. I cannot help being surprised that
in this county, especially in South Bucks, with which I am
more intimately acquainted, our fl-ickmasters continue only
to breed flocks which produce short wool. The great prizes
are given for long wool, and I cannot understand why we
continue to produce merely short wool in the county of
Buckingham.sl should suppose it would_have been easy to
cross with some of the Glocestershire and Leicestershire
breed, and to produce a very choice long wool, with some of
the advantageous characteristics of all this short wool, and
when I look to the relative prices of long and short wool, I
am surprised that we still go oa adhering to the system of
merely breeding downs and producing short wool, I men-
tioned this fact to a friend of mine, a neighbour, who has a
considerable flock. He perfectly agreed with me, and thought
we ought to cross the Downs with the Cotswold. But he
said "the great price of wool has been occasioned entirely
by the American war, and I have just read in the newspapers
that there is going to be peace." He asked my advice on the
subject. Now. I don't like giving advice, because it is an un-
necessary responsibility under any circumstances—(laugh-
ter), but I could not help saying that I did not entirely agree
with him that the high price of wool was mainly occasioned
by the civil war in America. The tendency of late has
been that all articles of raw material, particularly wool,
have been rising in price, and when I look at the fact that
mixed fabrics, that make the industry of Yorkshire, are be-
coming more popular in the market, it is clear that wool is
an article of raw produce for which there is a greater de-
mand, and if there had been no civil war you would have
had a high price for wool, and it would have been the best
wool. (Hear, hear.) 'With regard to the civil war in
America I would rather not say much. But when it broke
out I was dining at a table of a similar character—l think
in Buckingham. Great anxiety was manifested to know
what would happen in America, and I took the opportunity
of saying—being obliged to give my opinion, that that war
would be a very long war. The general idea was that it
would be a very short war, and the American Minister of
State announced it a war of 90 days. I ventured to say that
it would be a long war, because the causes of that war had
been for a long time in preparation. I therefore did not
believe that it would be a short war,. and the causes of that
war are causes that do not lead to short wars. The eman-
cipation of race, the creation or the defence of national in-
dependence, or the maintenance of a great empire—when
causes of this kind lead people to enter into war they must
not be confounded with those comparatively small causes
which have brought about the generality of European wars
in modern times. (Hear, hear.) When nations go to war to
what they call rectify a frontier, or employ a army, these
are causes necessarily of a brief duration,because their fron-
tier is rectified or not, and the army which wants to be em-
ployed has either a sufficient number shot or promoted,and
peace naturally takes place. But the issues in the American
war are vast and profound, and it is not to be supposed
when men enter into struggles of that kind, they will
tluilSw them asidelike children tired of anew toy. I, therefore,
have great hesitation in believing—l cannot bring myself
to believe that we are so near peace in America as is sup-
posed. The fact is that there are occasions when the des-
tinies of nations demand wars, when war is the only solu-
tion of difficulties which perplex the ordinary means of
human wit, and the struggle in America is a war of this
kind. I do not look upon the peace demonstrations that
we have:read in the newspapers, although some have accepted
them as proofs that we are nearer a settlement, as anything
than mere electioneering devices, and therefore, to bring the
point to a practical issue, the result of my speculation is that
I shall eross my Downs with Cotswolds, and I do think that
it is a deficiency on the part of the farmers of Bucks—
although I trust that I shall not be offending some of my
constituents—in adhering so closely to the old system of
merely breeding Downs. There is another class of agricul-
ture on which I should like to say a few words, and I will
tell you my views on the subject, and that is with respect
to the condition of the labourer. I think the condition of
the agricultural labourer is one which requires and deserves
great public consideration. I am not entering at all into the
ion of the remuneration which he receives. The wages
cluesoftthe agricultural labourer, like every other class of la-
bourers, are totally independent of legislation. The mole) we
the more injury we should do
interfere on such subjects,
them. But it is a subject of congratulation to us that there
is in the county of Buckingham and has been for many
years past a tendency to an increase of the wages of the agri-
cultural
I should say this is the case
labourer. (Hear.)
generally throughout the country, bat it is so moet decidedly
in South Buckinghamshire. But although wo do not wish
to interfere with the wages of the agricultural labourer,
there is a portion of his life which requires our attention,
and that is the habitation which he occupies. This is not
the first time by many that I have ventured to refer to the
subject, and a year or two ago, when I announced that we
had no thatched cottages in South IBuckinghatnehire, one
of my best friends thought I was casting some reflection on
North Buckinghamshire, and vindicated thatched cottages.
I consider it of the utmost importance that agricultural
labourers should bo well housed. (Hear.) In my opinion,
it is more important than a question of food or raiment.
I believe we all eat quite enough and many of us drink a
great deal too much, but this I will vulture to say, that