The Sun.
London, England, 1852-10-28 00:00:00

MORTALITY IN THE METROPOLIS.

SUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN
THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, OCT. 23, 1852.
Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ... 251
Diseases of Uncertain Seat ... 45
Tubercular Diseases 162
Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 110
Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels ... 47
Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs of _ _

Respiration ... ... ...
... .
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs

... 209

of Digestion...
Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. •• ... ... 19
Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, Sze. ... 5
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles ... 7
Diseases of the Skin, &c. ... 5
Malformations... ... 8
Premature Birth ... 2t-
Atrophy
Old Age ... ... ... •• • ... ... 46
.)uddeu
Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intemperance 33
Causes not specified ... ... ... ... ... 3

DEATHS FROIII ALL CAUSES ... 1,072
Population Deaths in corre- Deaths
Enumerated. sponding weok in the
1851. of 1851. Week.
West Districts... 376,427 .. 126 ... 155
North Districts.. 490,396 „. 183 ... 232
Central Districts 393,256 ... 161 ... 190
ast Districts ... 485,522 ... 291 ... 234
South Districts.. 616,635 ... 286 ... 261

T0ta15........ 2,362,236 ... 977 ... 1,072

Males
Females

... .530
••• ••• •• •••
•.•... 542
.• ••• ••• •••

BIRTHS IN TIDE WEEK.

Males ... ... ... ... ... 796
Females ... ... ... ... ... 771

Total

-. -.1,567

CLAPHAM CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH.—CIapb 11,M
now boasts of two lofty spires, neither of which belongs
to the " Establishment." One' •1s the " Church of our
immaculate Lady of Victories" (its title tells to which
party it belongs), a very clever work, with some well-
nhi
teo
executed carvings ; the other is the new Congregational
Church,ture adopted ifsewGowtheieek,
opened a
The walls are built with Kentish
on th© exterior, and bricks weeks
o f ago.
gtehße a
gdTe
andch oe r as
the gallery front (a' largew
Th
decorated
et
hp oesfrtioeandr e:
0. Th.
pew framing
. on the interior, finished
aiming on the ground floor and
with stucco,
gallery front. gallery runs all round), are of
thet pews, and open work in the
The apse°
mullion enclosure are all of
and atairease, and the com-
oak, with carved endsto
being dividedatf the
carved oak, too, of an a pro-
end is occupied as aPdea-
cpornia,ste
rdoeosmig,n. The pulpit
Davison, which is fitted with an
the four
organ surmounted
built
by
yy tGhersoyrgaannd
Nixon:st end are filled with
figures of ill
gallery,
the ,
the large centre
church by a screen
open. The windows in "
the m
Evangelists!
stained glass, by Ward and The roof is partly
winow are full-length
sodan the two small windows are
Christ blessing little children,and the representations of
water into wine, at Cana of Galilee. miracle
le of turning
church are minister's and deacons' rooms, s: back of the
and side entrance porch, and an evening chapel for
ing services and meetings, 50 feet long and 20 feert even-
ing
whole is warmed by hot water, the apparatus
which is supplied by Mr. Hall, under the direction of
Mr. Joshua Field. The church is lighted by two large
chandehers, and brackets under the galleries, and the
evening chapel by two smaller chandeliers, executed by
Mr. Rothwell. The works have been executed by mr
Myers, builder, from the designs of Mr. John Tarring,
architect. The total cost will be nearly 8,0001., and
there are seats, it is said, for 1.100 persons.—Builder.
THE EXHIBITION IN IRBLAND.—On Monday the
ceremony of raising the first pillar of the splended edifice
intended for the Exhibition of 1853 was performed by
his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant, in "a
workmanlike
Manner." The committee made quite an event of the
circumstance. A large party of the cite of the city was
invited to meet their Excellencies the Lord Lieutenant
and the Countess of Egliaton. A military band was in
attendance on the ground. After his Excellency bad
inspected the various plaas, orders were given for the
erection of the first metal, which were duly performed.
After this ceremonial, thn Viceregal party. with the
other invited guests, were contic,:-.tpd to the offices of the
committee, in Upper Merrion-street, wile 7c s collation
had bean prepared. Mr. George Roe, as chaiiMar., pro-
; posed the health of her Majesty, which was duly
honoured. He next gave the Lord Lieutenant, which
was drunk with acclamation,

through the soul of the poor jackass ! Then, as to
the division of the prey. Imagine the patient de-
vourer of thistles standing over the bleeding carcase
of a cow. Was it possible that he should see in it
anything but a picture of his own speedy doom?
Maturer reason, however, informs us that the partner-
ship, impossible and absurd as it may seem, is not
lees so than many that occur in private and political
effairs. Invest a modern fact with old phraseology,
and you will soon see that a thing may be incredible,
but nevertheless true. Read—" Once on a time. Dr.
Mac Hale, Mr. John Bright, and Mr. G. 11. Moore
agreed to hunt the Established Church together, and
to make an equal division of the spoil." Is that a
bit less absurd than the old myth about the lion, the
ass, and the fox ? " The Lion of Judah " can
have no other intention than to eat up both his
companions at the first opportunity. Mr. Bright
cannot for a moment be at ease in such company.
He must always be conscious of an odd sensation
at the haunches, a sort of cramp in the legs, and a
hard gripe on the shoulders, as if his partner could no
longer deny himself the ready repast. Surely Mr.
Bright must know that he is only a meal in reserve—
a running larder by the side of his ever hungry col-
league. Then, how can they possibly manage the
division of the spoil ? Dr. Mac Hale has a special
appetite for establishments, and every natural provi-
sion for seizing, lacerating, sucking, and absorbing
them. Cuvier or l3uckland would pronounce him at
once an Establishment-ester, if they saw no more
than the tip of his tail. He is decidedly carnivorous.
Mr. Bright's religious system is graminivorous in the
extreme, though a morbid eccentricity has seduced
him into a sanguinary partnership. But when the
prey is caught, if it ever is, Dr. Mac Hale must in-
evitably have it all to himself, for Mr. Bright cannot
touch it. His tastes and his faculties are equally un-
suited to it. He can only stand by, make some
hideous blunder, and follow his prey down the throat
of his fellow-sportsman. While the sport is going on,
the three partners are all making their usual demon-
stration.. Dr. Mac Hale roars, a good genuine roar,
and a very terrible one, quite enough to paralyze the
Establishment altogether, if it were not, like Mr.
Gordon Cumming, a little used to roaring by this
time. But there is no mistake or reserve about the
roar. It is not an affected roar, or a politic roar, or
a musical and seductive roar, or the roar of a sucking
dove ; it comes from the heart, and goes right home
to the heart of the intended victim. Mr. Bright also
roars, and that at some length, as witness his
speech the other day at Belfast, and an immense
letter in our columns this morning. The animal
who was neither the lion nor the fox in the fable
to which we have referred did not roar in this
instance as he did on another occasion, when it proved
of little service. 2Esop advisedly states, if we remem-
ber right, that he contented himself with braying, and
kicking up his heels—" cutting shines," as Mr. Le-
gree would express it. lie operated in an uncouth,
but genuine, and therefore asinine manner, letting
out the secrets of his heart, and prematurely inspiring
the leading partner in the firm with a contempt of his
judgment and powers. Now, that is what Mr.
Bright is doing now to the very life. Carried away
by the chase, and enjoying a momentary triumph
over his herbivorous equals, be is rather hastily dis-
counting the prey. lu the verdant innocence of his
mind, drunk with the pasture, as the poet describes
calves drunk with tn,lk, Mr. Bright conies out with a
green, smooth, grassy scheme for an equitable parti-
tion of the Establishment among all the parties con-
cerned. The conception is virtuous and symmetrical,
and suggests that the Goddess of Justice for the
future should not only be blindfolded, but adorned
with two long ears, not to mention a tail. There is
something soft, dreamy, and almost voluptuous in the
thought as it slowly distils through three columns of
our paper. Let Church benefices, he says, all lapse
to a commission. When Church property is thus
killed, and lies on the turf for distribution, let the
Presbyterians take a little more than their present
regium &mum. Let the Church take about as much
—it cannot really want more; and let the Roman
Catholics, who now depend on the voluntary system,
take twenty acres of land for every parish, which, in
their case, will be so much gain. Let the rest go to
education. Then each sect will be free and in-
dependent of the State, and the lion, the fox,
and the ass will eat straw together till the
world's end; and so, with another plunge and a
snort, he delivers himself of his benevolent musings.
The whole letter smells of chloroform. It might
make one forget one's own existence, for certainly
Mr. Bright has wholly forgotten his own. He has
forgotten that he is himself as great an offence in the
eyes of the Irish Religious-Equality people as the
Establishment itself. He is quite as good meat for
lions, quite as disagreeable living, and agreeable dead.
His process is a hundredfold more girding and haras-
sing to true leonine feelings than the strong grasp
with which the Establishment now holds the plunder.
Any beast of prey will yield to a stronger beast, as to
a superior necessity, and soon forget his disappoint-
ment. The British Lion has Ireland in its gripe ;
and, though the " Lion of Judah" is by no means
pleased with the arrangement, he is not worried,
vexed, tantalized, much less compromised, by it. Mr.
Bright's plan has all the cruel ingenuity of the
keepers at the Zoological gardens, who alternately
present and withdraw the shank of beef from the
hungry animal. He wants the lion to see the church
property, to touch it, to taste it, to smear his chops
with it, and then he as good as takes it away. He
lays down principle after principle of the most ob-
noxious and intolerableoharacter, and insists on the lion
swallowing them all, just to whet its appetite, and then
gives it literally only a quarter of a meal. The Roman
Catholics are first to admit the duty of a state to
endow the Presbyterians, because they are many, and
because it has endowed them ; then to admit the right
of the Established Church, on the ground of actual
possession, with a further acknowledgment of its nu-
merical claims; then to admit the duty and desirable-
ness of a system of mixed or secular education; and,
for all this, they are to be put off with a little paddock
of twenty acres in each parish, for the priest to graze
in and kick his heels about, for all the world like the
author of this brilliant conception. Really Mr.
Bright must have been pining for just such an etium
cum dignitate when he insulted the Religious-Equa-
lity-mongers with so equitable a scheme. Let him
be put into the pound before he gets into a worse
scrape. Good friend, when will you learn that the
community you have to deal with acknowledges no
establishments, no sects, no possessions, no rights, no
existence but its own ? It enters into no compromise
but what the sword may impose, which, of course, can
he no compromise at all. It respects nothing, loves
nothing, knows nothing, but itself; unless it be re-
spect to avoid blows, love to seek a prey, and know-
ledge to follow it with success. But, of all things, it
hates your symmetrical, well-reasoned, neatly-ba-
lanced arrangements, stuck over with principles and
glued with reciprocal concession. It may be bullied
and conquered, but it will submit to no arbitration ;
its policy is neck or nothing—aid Cesar- aut nihil.
The only equality it will endure is with itself, as even
the smooth, complacent, an 1 self-satisfied John
Bright must speedily discover.
0
correspondent,
h a
vPebSe Te
n.-i-nTd ehbettoez
de
,awl
h iacnd
enables
h o intelligence
ut ess lolti
to-day
ye of o
many
t o
lay ur
occasions
bPe
before
wee
—there being
tvoieuorrn
sret,aid.
tehres,Atihioitu, ;Ph on. l y
rsitnootuhteliiniei,ncgirocfutmhestßanelcgeisanosf
tfirlisst istr that the y grave importance. From the fi i ,nclly representa-
tions
Powers
Cabinet in his country at
to Belgium,tiev,ouowaeirnysferwehnoc,esioargeiv,itongeviatanbelex.iteTnhoee
convinced that guaranteedth ee()ntit‘o
otahoecepoefrintahneesntcayte
ooff
things,
for
pthrOmy iTeaddbey asenif themselves responsible, is seri-
ofoorsly whichoom
these Powers view, without uneasiness The second is, that
Empire, This
in favour of the
ieaftely-th4theerecoor
French people
the recent de-
monstration of the
of recording
latter point we
re-establishment of the Emwp
f mn
me n itd questiona. a
merelymatte r
for mentionrer :'ll:7l.)be
is urgent. In conformity with'
of the
.guaranteeing. powers, the King of the Belgiansatlons
is to ti' it a szne qua non in the formation of anew
Cabinet, that it ahall pre;,ent to the Chambers a bill
to impose some retraint upon the licentiousness of

Rear-Admiral Sir Charles Napier, KC-.8., and Roar-
Admiral the Hon. M. F. F. Berkeley, C. 8., M.P. (late
senior naval Lord of the Admiralty), have given evi-
dence this week before tho committee at Whitehall on
manning the navy. Admiral Berkeley has paid very
great attention to " manning the navy." In his last
ship, the Thunderer, 84, he proved the beneficial effect
of uniform good treatment of sailors. It is not generally
known that Admiral Berkeley, some years since, ad-
dressed a letter to the Earl of Auckland, exposing the
circumstances under which Sir James Graham most un-
advisedly and injuriously separated the Coast guard
service from the Admiralty department, and the gallant
officer has ever been the conkistent advocate for a naval
board, to have under its immediate control and direction
all matters a ppertaining to the naval service. Roar-
Admiral Berkeley has shown what his friend Captain
(now Rear-Admiral) Mingaye, when in command of the
coast blockade, did towards manning the navy, and we
believe that he has some sound practical means of grap-
pling with the monster question at the present moment.
the gallant admiral only wants the money, and he will
soon find the men.
The whole secret lies in a nut-shell, and the kernel is
" quid pro quo."

PORTSMOUTH, WEDNESDAY.
Tho heads of the naval department, the captains and
the commanders in commission, dined with the Board of
Admiralty, at the George Hotel, last evening.
Soon after breakfast, this morning, the Admiralty (with
the exception of the Surveyor of the Navy, Sir Baldwin
W. Walker, who went to the dockyard) proceeded over
to Gosport, to the Royal Clarence Victualling-yard, and
wore received by Captain Superintendent Hope Johnston
and the master-attendant, Mr. Davies, and the Admiralty
flag was hoisted. A tour of the yard was made, the
victualling store provisions, the bakery, and mill were
visited. At about eleven o'clock, the insp-ction being
over, the Admiralty proceeded with Captain Superinten-
dent Hope Johnston to the It yal Hospital, at I.lw.lar,
where about two hours and a half were consumed in
visiting the wards, the insane establishment, &C. They
left Hasler at two p.m., and proceeded to the Marine
barracks at Forton, where they were received by Colonel
Commandant Menzies, K.s,, and the whole of the ofli-
cers of that corps. The marines were under arms, and
the barracks inspected. At about four o'clock tho Ad-
miralty re-crossed the harbour, and cursorily inspected
the Royal Marine Artillery barracks and hospital. Their
lordships and board will dine this evening with the port
admiral, Sir Thomas Briggs, K.C.8,, where a party of
twenty-four are invited to meet them in the evening.
They will attend the ball in aid of the Seamus and Ma-
rines' Orphan School, at the Ring's Rooms, where all the
elite and fashionables of this locality will attend.
Lieutenant Ingram, R.N., of the Neptune, bas been in
attendance with the Admiralty barge, but his services
have not been required. The weather was more favour-
able to-day, but the morning threatened, and his Grace
and party crossed by the floating bridge to Gosport in
coaches.
The wind began to rise about 10 a.m., end by one
p.m., it blew with excessive violence, accompanied by
heavy torrents of rain, which shifted to the south-west,
and gradually subsided, and by four p.m. it was a dead
calm. The chips in harbour and at Spithead struck their
lower yards and topmast and bent topgallant-mast on
deck, and all rode out the gale with safety.
The board leave to-morrow for London.

WOOLWICH, OCT. 27.
The Imperieuse, 50, screw steam-ship, having had the
whole of her boilers put in under the shears in the
outer basin, was taken into the inner basin to-day,
to have her machinery put on board, and the Terri-
ble, steam-frigate, was taken under the shears in the
outer basin, to have her old boilers taken out and
new boilers substituted. Lieutenant David Miller,
first-lieutenant of this frigate when she was paid
off during the present month, served afloat upwards
of 12 years, and more than 11 years of that period
as first and gunnery-lieutenant. Lieutenant Miller ob-
tained his commission at the Royal Naval College, in
June, 1840, having previously obtained the first medal
at that college in 1833. He served as gunnery-lieutenant
in the Rodney, from July, 1840, to October, 1843; in
the Vestal from November, 1843, to July, 1847; the
latter half of the commission as first-lieutenant, and paid
off that vessel; in the Amphion, steam frigate, from
October, 1847, to October, 1848, and was then paid off;
in the Terrible, as first-lieutenant from November, 1849,
to October, 1852, until she was paid off.
There were ab,tut 60 workmen placed on the Royal
Albert, 120, yesterday, and the stern posts for the screw-
propellers will be put up in her present position. The
engines are said to be nominally of 400-horse power, but
guaranteed to work up to 1,000-horse power.

Commander Henry Gage Morris (1846), who was for-
merly commander and acting captain of the Cambrian,
36, in the East Indies, has been appointed to the com-
mand of the Hydra, 6, steam-sloop, at the Cape, vice
Belgrave, invalided, and superseding Lieut. Gordon, now
acting-commander.
Second-Master Henry M'Auland, (1843), who has
served for many years as acting-master, and served as
such in the Reynard, 10, screw-sloop, in China, has
been promoted to the rank of master.
THE CHA.NDIEL SqUADßON.—Prince Regent, 90,
Captain Milton, with the flag of Rear Admiral Corry,
and the Indefatigable, 50, Captain Stuart, arrived in
Plymouth Sound on Tuesday afternoon, from Queens.
town. The Rodney, 92, Captain Graham, C. 8., arrived
subsequently. There are no orders yet for paying off
the Indefatigable ; but we trust that her crew will man
the Imperieuse, 50-gun screw-ship.
Dee, 4, steam-transport, Lieut. Commander G. T. C.
Smith, takes out from Devonport to the Capo orders for
the Styx, 6, steam-sloop, Commander Hall, to proceed to
Rangoon, to bo under the orders of tho commander-in-
chief there.

Hamoaze, lighter, Wood master, arrived at Devonport
on Tuesday morning from Queenstown.
Linnet, 6, Commander Need, has been taken out of
No. 5 dock, Devonport, and the Kestrel, brig Intine, has
been taken in the same tide to be broken np.
Sappho, 12, Commander the Hon. A. Cochrane,
ordered to be paid off at Chatham, without any of her
bulkheads or other internal fittings being disturbed has
arrived at that port.
Ocean, 80, ordered to be taken to pieces, is to be fitted
at Chatham as a coal depot for Sheerness.
Tartarus, steam-vessel, Lieut. Commander, A. Risk,
making good defects at Chatham, will bo out of the
hands of the dock) and the end a this week, and be ready
for sea by the Ist of November.

THE BIRMINGHAM CORPORATION AND THE LATE
DUKE OF WELLINGTON.—At a meeting of the Town
Council of Birmingham, held on Tuesday, it was resolved
that it was not desirable to take part in the funeral cere-
monies of the illustrious deceased, but that the inhabi-
tants be reque,ted to close their shops on the day of the
interment. This was urged on the score of economy!
FRENCH THEATRES.--The Revue des Theatres gives
as follows the general receipts of the theatres, concerts,
and other places of public amusement in Paris during
September:—Theatres receiving subventions, 220,110 fr.
49c.; secondary theatres, 597,562 fr. 68c.; concerti, balls,
Sce., 70,3411 r. 57c; sundry places of amusement, 17,572 fr.
70c ; making a total of 90f1,687tr.411c., being an increase
of 240,00Qfr. 2-ie. in the receipts of the theatres, and a
decrease of 54,656 fr. 83c. in those of the concerts and
Luther places, as compared with the previous month.

"Let me say, in the first place, that I am heartily glad
that any number of the Irish representatives should have
resolved to grapple with a question which, in my opinion,
must be settled on some just basis, if Ireland is over to be
tranquil, and content. „Thescase of the Catholic popula-
tion of Ireland, and, in truth, it is scarcely more their
case than that of every intelligent and just Protestant
in the three kingdoms, is so strong, so unanswerable,
and so generally admitted, that nothing is wanting to
insure its complete success but the combination of a few
able and honest men to concentrate and direct the
opinion which exists. If such men are to be found
among you—resolute, persevering, and disinterested
—a great work is before them, and as certainly a
great result. They will meet with insult and calumny in
abundance; every engine of the' supremacy' party willbe
in motion against them; they will be denounced as con-
spirators' against the institutions of the country, when,
in fact, they combine only against a grievance which it
is hard to say whether it is more humiliating in Ireland
to endure, or disgraceful in England to inflict; but
against all this, having a right cause, and working it by
right means, they will certainly succeed.
" It would be to insult your understanding were I to
imagine that you demand anything more or less than a
perfect equality' before the law for the religious sects
which exist in Ireland—that is, for the members or ad-
herents of the Protestant Episcopalian, the Presbyterian,
and the Roman Catholic Churches. So entirely is it
felt, that you are in the right in making this demand,
that, with regard to it, your opponents dare not attempt
an argument with you; they prefer to say that you
claim something else—namely a supremacy as hateful
as their own, and then they find it easy to contest the
matter with you, writing and speaking, as they do,
chiefly to a Protestant audience. On this point theca
should be no possibility of mistake; and not only should
the demand for equality' be unequivocal, but it appears
to me most desirable that some mode of attaining it
should be distinctly pointed out. We may, perhaps,
imagine an equality' which would allow the Protestant
establishment to remain as it is, or, at least, to con•
tinue to be a State Church, building up at its side a
Catholic establishment; and, to complete the scheme, a
Presbyterian establishment also, having a batch of
Catholic prelates and of Presbyterian divines in the
House of Lords; but, in my opinion, any scheme of
equality' of this description would be, and must neces.
sarily be, altogether impracticable. Lord John Russell,
I think in 1843, expressed an opinion that the Protes-
tant Church in Ireland should not be subverted, but
that the Roman Catholic Church, with its bishops and
clergy, should be placed by the State on a footing of
equality with that Church.' He adopted the torus
equality,' and said that any plan he should propose
would be to follow out that principle of equality, with
all its consequences.' Lord Grey, in 1845, was, if pos-
sible, still more explicit, for he said, after expressing his
opinion that the Catholics have the first claim' on the
funds applied to ecclesiastical purposes in Ireland, you
must give the Catholic clergy an equality also in social
rank and position;' and he went even further than this,
and said, ' I carry my view on this subject so far as to
wish to see the prelates of the Roman Catholic Church
take their places in this house on the episcopal bench.'
From this, it appears that Lord John Russell and Lord
Grey, seeing the enormous evil of the existing system,
were ready to justify almost any measure that promised
political and ecclesiastical s quality to the Irish Catholics;
but they wished that equality to be obtained without the
subversion of the Protestant Established Church in Ire-
land. Of course, if all parties among the statesmen
and the public of the United Kingdom were agreed,
funds might be provided for the perpetual endowment
and subjection to State control of the Irish Catholic and
rresbyterian Churches, and some plan might be devised
to secure them a representation in the House of Lords;
but, happily for sound principles in civil government,
and happily for religion itself, all parties are not agreed
to do this, but are rather agreed that it shall not be done.
The 'equality' which Lard John Russell would follow
out with all its consequences' is a dream, and Lord
Grey's bold idea of giving the Irish Catholics the first
claim to the funds,' and of placing their bishops in the
House of Lords, is not less impracticable. To have two
established churches in Ireland, the one Protestant and
the other Catholic; to have in the House of Lords Pro-
testant and Catholic bishops, elbowing each other on the
right reverend bench,' guarding the temporal and spiri-
tual interests of two churches which denounce each other
as idolatrous or heretical, would be an inconsistency so
glaring, that it would go far to overthrow all reverence
for governments and churches, if net for Christianity it-
self. The scheme is surely too absurd to be seriously
thought of, and if there be a statesman bold enough to
propose it, he will find no support in the opinion of the
English public, except from that small section with
whom religion goes for nothing, and churches and ptiests
are tolerated as machinery in the pay and service of the
Government.

" But there is an (quality' which is attainable with-
out inconsistency, which would meet with favour among
large classes in every part of Great Britain, and which,
I think, if fairly proposed, would be well rectived by
many of the more enlightened and just Protestants in
Ireland. It is an equality' which must start from this
point, that henceforth there must be no church in Ireland
in connexion with the State. The whole body of En-
glish Dissenters, the United Presbyterian Church 0!
Scotland, and the Catholic population of the United
Kingdom might be expected cordially to welcome such
a proposition ; and it is difficult to understand how the
Presbyterians of the north of Ireland, or the Free Church
of Scotland, or the adherents of the Wesleyan Con-
ference in England, could, with any consistency or de-
cency, oppose it; and I am confident that a largo number
of persons connected with the established churches in
the three kingdoms, who are enlightened enough to see
what is right, and just enough to wish it to bo done,
would give their support to any Minister who had the
courage to make such a measure the great distinguishing
act of his administration. But, if this principle wore
adopted—that is, the principle that henceforth there must
be no church in Ireland in connexion with the State,
there would still be a question as to the appropriation of
the large funds now in the hands of the Irish Established
Church. There are two modes of dealing with these funds,
either of which may be defended, but ono of them seems to
offer facilities which do not belong to the other. The
most simple plan would be to absorb the revenues of
the Established Church as the livings become vacant, and
to apply them in some channel not ecclesiastical, in
which the whole population of Ireland could participate.
Tho objections to this plan are, that it would be hard
upon the Protestant Episcopalians, after having pam-
pored them so long with a munificent support, to throw
them all at once on their own resources, and that to
withdraw the Regium Donunt from the Presbyterians of
the north, when they have no other provision made for
their religious wants, would be to create a just discon-
tent among them. There is some force in this, inasmuch
as upon one generation would be thrown the barden
of the creation and support of a religious organisation
which, in voluntary churches, is commonly the work of
successive generations of their adherents,
it and the argu-
ment may be considered irresistible whenis offered to
a Government which does not repudiate, but rather che-
rishes, the principle of a State Church. But, whatever
may be the inconvenience of this plan, they are, in my
estimation, infinitely less than those which areinsepa.
cable from a continuance of the present system.
" There is, however, another mode
of settlement,
which, though open to some objection, is probably
more likely to obtain a general concurrence of opinion in
its favour in Ireland, and to which, I think, a great
amount of consent might be obtained in England and
Scotland. Your present ecclesiastical arrangemenas are
briefly these :—The Protestant Episcopal Church has
500,0001 per annum intrusted to it, or a principal sum,
at 20 years' purchase, of 10,000,0001. sterling. The
Presbyterian Church or churches have 40,0001. per
annum, or, estimated at the same rate, a principal sum
of 800,000/. The Roman Catholic Church has 26,0001.
per annum, or'a principal sum of 520,0001. I will say,
nothing about the exact proportions of population be-
longing to each Church, for I do not wish to give
opportunity for dispute about figures. It is sufficient to
say, what everybody knows to bo true, that the Irish
population is Catholic, and that the Protestants, whe-
ther
of otte Episcopalian or of tho Presbyterian Church,
or are a small minority of the Irish
both. the t
united,
people. I will adroit the temporary hardship of at once
withdrawing from the Protestant sects all the resources
which the State has hitherto provided for them; but, as
the same time, no one can deny, and I cannot forget, the
hardship to which the Catholics have been subjected,
inasmuch as that they, the poorest portion of the people,
an by many times the most numerous, have been shut
out from almost all participation in the public funds
applied to ecclesiastical purposes in Ireland. Is it not
possible to make an arrangement by which the menaced
hardship to the Protestants may be avoided, and that so
long endured by the Catholics, in part, at least, re-

" There comes now the stuestion of the amounts to be
thus given. From some inquiries I have made I have
arrived at the conclusion that if in each parish in Ireland
there was a house and a small piece of land, say from
10 to 20 acres, in the possession of the Catholic Church,
thst would be all the provision that would be required
or wished for, as the general support of its ministers
would bo derived, as at present, from the voluntary con-
tributions of their flock.. There are in round numbers
about 1,000 parishes in Ireland. In many of them there
is now a provision up to the standard above stated in the
possession of the Catholic Church, but I will assume
that in all of them such provision would have to be made.
1,0001. for each parish, taking one parish with another,
would simply make up any deficiency, and this amount
throughout the parishes of Ireland would require the
sum of 1,000,0001. sterling to be appropriated from the
general fund; and this should be made over absolutely
and for ever to the Catholics of Ireland, in such hands
and in such manner as the funds of their church raised
by voluntary effort are usually secured. Under an ar-
rangement of this kind, of course, the special grant to
the College of Maynooth would be withdrawn.
" The Presbyterians under the operation of this act
would lose their annual grant of 40,000/. per annum; but
in place of it, assuming that they have an organis ation
and a system of government which would enable them to
hold and administer funds for the use of their church, a
portion of the general fund should be set apart for them,
equal to the production of a revenue of like amount with
that they now receive by grant from Parliament. This
should also be given to them absolutely and for ever, and
they should become henceforth a voluntary and inde-
pendent church.

" The Protestant Episcopalians should be treated as
liberally as the Presbyterians, with whom, it is estimated
they are about on a par in point of numbers. Assuming
that they could and would form themselves into a free
episcopal church, the commission would be empowered to
grant them a sum equal to that granted to the Presbyte-
rians, and which would be about the same in amount as
that granted to the Catholics. And further, so long as
they undertook to keep the churches in repair, they
might be permitted to retain possession of them at a
nominal rent, for their own use only ; and that when or
where they had no congregation sufficient to maintain
the church, then the buildings should be at the disposal
of the commission to let or sell. as might be thought
best. In the case of tho Protestant Episcopalians, as with
the Presbyterians and the Catholics, whatever sum is
given to them must be given absolutely and for ever, that
thenceforth they may rely on their own resources and
become a voluntary and independent Church. Tho
State would thus have distributed about three millions
of the original fund, and would have relinquished all
claims upon it for ever ; and it would be the duty of the
S!ommission to take care that those grants were applied,
in the first instance, for the Purposes and in the manner
intended by the act. The remaining five or seven
millions, as the case might be, might, and in my opinion
ought, to be reserved for purposes strictly Irish, and
directed to the educational and moral improvement of
the people, without respect to class or creed. This fund
would extend and perfect the edncational institutions of
the country; it would establish and endow free libraries
in ail the chief towns of Ireland, and would dispense
blessings in many channels for the free and equal en-
joyment of the whole population.
" Of course there will be objections started to this
scheme, as there will be to any scheme which attempts
t remedy an injustice which has lasted fur centuries.
The • Church party' may, and probably will, de-
nounce it as a plan of spoliation most cruel and un
holy; but no man who proposes to remedy Irish
ecclesiastical wrongs can expect to find favour with
the sect whose supremacy he is compelled to as-
sail. We must hope that State patronage has not
so entirely demoralized the members of the Pro-
testant Episcopalian sect, either in England or Ire-
land, as to leave none among them who aro able to
see what is just on this question, and who are willing
that what is just should be done. I believe there are
many intelligent and earnest Churchmen and some emi-
nent politicians connected with the Established Church,
who would welcome almost any proposition which af-
forded a hope of a final settlement of this question.
From Scotland, and probably from certain quarters in
England, we may hear of the groat crime of handing
over a millions sterling to the Roman Catholics of Ire-
land. It will, perhaps, be insisted upon that to add to
the means of a church whose teaching is 11E113 to be er-
roneous' is a grievous national sin; and many will
honestly doubt the wisdom of a scheme which- proposes
such an appropriation of a portion of a great public fuad.
Now, there is not a man in the United Kingdom more
averse to religious endowments by the State than I am.
I object to the compulsory levying of a tax from any
man to teach any religion, and still more to teach a reli-
gion in which ho does not believe; and I am of opinion
that, to take a church into the pay of the State, and to
place it under the control of the State, is to deaden and
corrupt the church, and to enlist its influence on the
side of all that is evil in the civil government.
But in the plan now suggested, the Irish sects or
churches would be left entirely free, as is the Free
Church in Scotland, or the Wesleyan Methodist Church
in England. The grants once made, each shush would
possess absolutely its o wn funds, just as much as if they
wore the accumulations of the voluntary contributions
and liberality of past generations of its members, and
thus would be avoided the damage to religion and to
civil government which is inseparable from what is called
the union of Church and State; whilst the sum granted
to each church, being equal to a provision of about
40,0001. per annum, would be too small to create any im-
portant corporate influence adverse to the public) interest.
" As to the complaint that the sum of one million is
proposed to be given to the Irish Catholics, I will ask
any man with a head to comprehend and a heart to feel
to read the history of Ireland, not from the time of
Henry VIII., but from the accession of William 111., and
it he insists upon a settlement of this question by grants
to the Protestant sects, and by the refusal of any corres-
ponding grant to the Roman Catholics, I can only say
that his statesmanship is as wanting in wisdom as
his Protestantism lacks the spirit of Christianity.
If, for generations, a portion of the Protestants of Ire-
land, few in number but possessing much wealth, have
enjoyed the large ecclesiastical revenues of a whole
kingdom ; and if, during the same period, the Roman
Catholics, the bulk of the population, but possessing
little wealth, have been thrown entirely on their own
limited resources, and under circumstances of political
and social inferiority, can it be possible, when an at-
tempt shall be made to remedy some of the manifold in-
justice of past times, that any Englishman or any
Scotchman will be found to complain of the impartiality
of the Government, and, in his zeal for Protestantism,
to forget the simple obligations of justice ? But it may
be objected that it is contrary to sound policy to make
grants of public money to any public body, or corpora-
tion, or sect, not submitting to State control—that, in
fact, a church receiving anything from the State should
be a State church. No one is more sensible of the
weight and soundness of this argument than I am ; but
observe the peculiarities of this case. I start from the
point that " henceforth there shall be no church in Ire-
land in connexion with the State." I have to free the
Protestant Episcopalian sect and the Presbyterians from
their State connexion, and to make the Irish sects
volun-
tary churches for the future, I propose
of about one-third of existing ecclesiastical property
ofi
n
an appropriation
Ireland, with a view to soften the apparent,e severity
and
the change to the sects heretofore paid bytfSthe Irish
to make some amends to that majority of
is
population, the injustice of whose p
admitted by all the world. The
hPermo Teasistvaenst,
because the
Protestants of Ireland
have done hitherto little for
it
bounty of the State has
oeiiriesexhearvtieondso,
noes
made exertions unnecessary.
Paratredatthh
groat poverty, and
much for themselves; but theyl:aartecoinn
has been felt, and
our existing ecclesiastical legislation
grievously unjust. Would it
is now felt by them,
not be worth the concrssro3nof. the sum I have suggested,
and of the deviation from ordinary rule which I venture
to recommend, to obtain the grand result which is con-
templated by the change now proposed?
o t
is cell-
" I have said that there will be objection, t his
scheme, and to every .scheme. The grievance
turies old, and around it are entwined
interests, preju-
dices, fanaticism,
animosities, and convictions. It is a
desperate evil, and whoever waits till the remedy
everybody, may and will wait for- ever. is
pleasant toThe
object in view the tranquillity of Ireland. The moans
are simple, but altogether novel in that unhappy country
__to do full and impartial justice to her whole popula-
tion. I propose to leave the Presbyterians as well cir-
cumstanced as they are now, with this exception, that all
future extension of their organization must be made at
their own cost ; and I would place the Protestant Epis-
copalians in as good a position as the Presbyterians.
The Catholics only could have any ground of complaint,
owing to their numbers so far exceeding those of the
Protestant sects; but in the application of the remainder,
and much the largest portion of the funds, for educa-
tional or other purposes, they would participate exactly
in proportion to their numbers; and I have a strong be-

A few weeks ago, in .clearing out the ruins of an
old chapel at Nuneham Regis, in Warwickshire,
which had been pulled down, all but the belfry tower,
about 40 years since, we thought it necessary to trench
the whole spice, that we might more certainly mark
out the boundaries of the building, as we wished to
restore it, in some measure, to its former state. It
had been used as a stack-yard and a depository of
rubbish, by the tenants of the farm on which it was,
ever since its dilapidation. We began to trench at
the west end, and came on a great many bones and
skeletons from which the coffins had crumbled away,
till, finding the earth had been moved, we went
deeper, and discovered a leaden coffin, quite perfect,
without date or inscription of any kind. There had
been an outer wooden coffin, which was decayed, but
quantities of the black rotted wood were all round it.
We cut the lead and folded back the top, so as not to
destroy it; beneath was a wooden coffin in good pre-
servation, and also without any inscription. As soon
as the leaden top was rolled back a most overpowering
aromatic smell diffused itself all over the place. We
then unfastened the inner coffin, and found the body
of a man embalmed with great care, and heaps of
rosemary and aromatic leaves piled over him. On
examining the body more closely we found it had
been beheaded ; the head was separately wrapped up
in linen, and the linen shirt that covered the body
was drawn quite over the neck where the head had
been cut off; the head was laid straight with the
body, and, where the joining of the neck and head
should have been, it was tied round with a broad
black riband. His hands were crossed on his breast,
the wrists were tied with black riband, and the
thumbs tied together also with black riband. He had
a peaked beard, and a quantity of long brown hair,
curled and clotted with blood, round his neck ; the
only mark on anything about him was on the linen
on his cheat, just above where his hands were crossed;
on it were the letters " T B," worked in black silk.
On trenching towards the chancel we came on four
leaden coffins laid side by side, with inscriptions on
each ; one contained the body of Francis, Earl of
Chichester and Lord Dunsmure, 1653 ; the next the
body of Audrey, Galin tees of Chichester, 1652 ; ano-
ther the body of Lady Audrey Leigh, their daughter,
1640; and the fourth the body of Sir John Ander-
son, son of Lady Chichester by her first husband.
We opened the coffin of Lady Audrey Leigh, and
found her perfectly embalmed and in entire preser-
vation, her flesh quite plump, as if she were alive, her
face very beautiful, her hands exceedingly small and
not wasted ; she was dressed in fine linen trimmed all
over with old point lace, and two rows of lace were
laid flat across her forehead. She looked exactly as
if she were lying asleep, and seemed not more than
sixteen or seventeen years old ; her beauty was very
great; even her eyelashes and eyebrows were quite
perfect, and her eyes were closed ; no part of her
face or figure was at all fallen in. We also opened
Lady Chichester's coffin, but with her the embalming
had apparently failed ; she was a skeleton, though the
coffin was half full of aromatic) leaves. Her hair,
however, was as fresh as if she lived ; it was lohg,
thick, and as soft and glossy as that of a child, and of
a perfect auburn colour. In trenching on one side
of where the altar had been ,we found another leaden
coffin with an inscription. It contained the body of
a Dame Marie Browne, daughter of one of the Leighs,
and of the Lady Marie, daughter to Lord Chancellor
Brackley. This body was also quite perfect, and
embalmed principally with every small coffee-coloured
seed, with which the coffin was nearly filled, and it
also had so powerful a perfume that it filled the whole
place. The linen, riband, &c., were quite strong and
good in all these instances, and remained so after ex-
posure to the air; we kept a piece out of each coffin,
and had it washed without its being at all destroyed.
Young Lady Audrey had ear-ings in her ears—blacked
enamelled serpents. The perfume of the herbs ansickeningd
gums
mentha
employed in digging up t
the coffins were ill also. My
object in sending this account is, if possible, to disco-
gwuemsu were used
all ill
emafbtearlm ininhgaltinhgem it, w
and most
disco-
ver who the beheaded man is.
Lord Thep chapel is en the
estate of John Scott, who inherited it from his
paternal grandmother, the Duchess of Buccleuch,
daughter of the Duke Montagu, into whose family
Nuneham Regis and other possessions in Warwick-
shire came by the marriage of his grandfather with
asso
of
the daughter of Lord Dunsmure, Earl of Chichester.
—Notes and Queries.

THE FREE TRADE AND REFORM BANWIET.—The
sale of tickets for the great Free-trade and Reform
Banquet about to be holden in Manchester, commenced
on Friday morning, and has gone on with unprecedented
rapidity. It is calculated that in the Free-trade Hall
2,800 persons may be seated in the body of the hall, and
the galleries, and on the platform; and the number of
tickets sold up to noon yesterday was 2 500. This num
ber includes almost all that will be issued for the body
of the hall and the galleries, and the further sale of
tickets has been restrio,ed in order to secure room for
guests and friends. A large number of gentlemen have
expressed a wish to be accommodated as stewards, and ti
limitation has had to be placed upon the number of gen.
tlemen who shall be allowed to act in that capacity.
There is, therefore, no doubt that many persons who
have delayed their application for tickets will be distil?.
pointed in obtaining them. Amongst the gentlemen who
have accepted invitations to
Athlone;o,bo present
Rat. tshweirbtanquet
are W. Keogh,
Eeq,
M.P., county of Sligo; Thomas Bellew, Es , t
q., X18g.131.
-.
county of Galway; and Torruns M'Cullagh E
M.P. for Dundalk. ' Kt, late
AN ARISTOCRATIC HIGHWAYMAN, _.A most alarming
case of highway robbery took place near Penrith, in the
county of Cumberland, on the afternoon of the 23d inst.
The facts are briefly as follows ;—Mrs. Williams, the
wife of the Rev. Mr. Williams, of Deere Vicarage, was
returning from Penrith in a gig with a female servant,
where she had been on a visit to the Countess Cassinaki,
when she was overtaken by a youth of gentlemanly ap-
pearance, mounted on a valuable pony. He rode past
her vehicle, and kept in front till he got to a lonely part
of the road, shaded by trees, between Delman and
Dacre. lle then turned round, met Mrs. Williams, and
presented a pistol, at the same time demanding her
money. Mrs. Williams at first refused to give it to him,
when her assailant said he would count three, and if she
did not deliver her money before he had finished, he
would shoot her. Terrified by his threats, she surren-
dered her purse, which contained a considerable sum in
gold and silver. Having made an ineffectual attempt to
obtain money from the servant, he asked Mrs. Williams
her name and residence, and the lady having told him,
" Well," said the highwayman, " I'll see if you are Mrs.
Williams. I'll follow you ; and mind, if you have told
me a lie, I'll shoot you from behind, both you and your
servant; and if you speak to any one on the way as to
what has happened, I'll shoot you. Mrs. Williams then
drove on, the highwayman riding behind as footman.
Sho met several persons, but did not speak to them, be-
ing afraid that her unwelcome attendant 'would make
good his threat. After following her for some distance,
her pursuer turned his pony and rude rapidly away.
TESTS.—The inhab:t ints of Edinburgh intend to pe-
tition Parliament against the attempts that are now
made to revive the use of the tests in the case of lay
chairs of the University, as well as
generally for the
purpose of procuring the removal of professorial tests, a
applicable to the lay chairs of all Scottish universities."
The Lord Advocate stated to a deputation, which waited
upon him on this subject the other day, that it was en.
gaging the attention of her Majesty's Government.