The Sun.
London, England, 1864-01-27 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON WEDNESDAY EVENIN*G, JANUARY 27, 1864.

,lity.

misdemeanour, but it is a very common thing to
hear complaints of impositions of a different sort
being practised upon the unwary. The law of trade
marks was passed with a view of protecting the
public from a deception which is only too tempting
to unprincipled dealers. The substitution of the
name of a firm of standing and character f)r one
insignificant and worthless is a very easy and con-
venient mode of trebling the value of an article. To
protect the public from this very common fraud the
Trade Marks Act was passed, whose infringement
we have lately been hearing so much about. Messrs.
COLLARD and Co. have very properly come forward
to defend their own interests as well as those of the
public. It must of course be a matter of annoyance
to those gentlemen to have inferior articles passed
off as of their manufacture, and it is certainly a
great annoyance to the purchaser to discover that
the fine, strong looking instrument with the name
of one of the first makers of the day staring conspi-
cuously on it, is worth about a quarter of what he
has given for it. Yet, thanks to an obscure name
being printed in very small letters above the more
prominent title, this deception was passed off on
many without being brought under legal notice.
Messrs. COLLARD and Co. have, however, taken
it up, and have pushed the matter resolutely
forward, being apparently determined to
avail themselves of the full powers of the act to
protect the public from imposition and themselves
from discredit and damage. Another commercial
difficulty which has been just brought before Mr.
Justice SURE, has been decided against the defen-
dants by a jury. A young attorney from the
country came to London last May, when his atten-
tion was attracted by an auction-room in St, Paul's
Churchyard, where persona were bidding for pic-
tures. Wishing to buy some, he entered the mart
and commenced bidding for them: Part of those he
purchased were for himself, part for others—though
why he was appointed to an office which requires
some special aptitude and judgment is a question
that may very fairly be asked. He admittted that
he was no great lover of the fine arts, a fact that
was tolerably evident without that admission, yet
hs had come to London to buy pictures, which pur-
pose he accomplished in St. Paul's -churchyard, by
laying out £l5B 7s. Various opinions were given
as to the real value of the pictures bought. It was
contended that some of them were not by the artists
of note whose names bad been appended to them,
but the defendant had a moat ingenious excuse
ready, asserting that they were the production -
other gentlemen of the same name—which was no
contradicted. It was admitted that the pictures
in the plaintiff's possession were worth £lOO, bat
the point that went against the defendant was
the assertion, not disproved, that the same people
were constantly in his shop bidding f6r pictures,
and having them knocked down to them, but
never removing them. It was further admitted
by the defendant and his son, wbo was a picture
dealer cn his own account, and divided his time
and attention betvceen the action-room in St.
Paul's Churchyard and a tavern in the Hay-
market, that the son had been compelled by threats
of proceedings to return 1;1,200 to a gentleman
who had purchased pictures of him. Under these
circumstances it is not surprising that the jury
should have given the plaintiff a verdict for £5B 75.,
being the balance of what he had paid, after
deducting the estimated value of the pictures in
his possession. The overcharge was not the worst
part of the business, since the purchaser was not
compelled to buy the pictures, and certainly brought
his troubles on himself, by entering on a business
he knew nothing about. So long as dupes are so
readily obtained there is little hope that persons
will not be found to take advantage of their impru-
dence. It must be the work of the law to repress
such impositions as far as praeticabl and the rest

every man must do for himself—by securing the
assistance of some well qualified adviser in matters
with which he is himself unacquainted, and by only
dealing at places of known and assured respec-
tabi

The borough members appear to think it neces-
sary for them to take some steps to acquaint them-
selves of the wishes of their constituents, and to set
forward their own opinions previous to the meeting

of Parliament. Lord FERMOY and Mr. HARVEY
LEWIS addressed their constituents at some length,
and their remarks appear to deserve attention. Lord
FERMOY spoke with energy and earnestness, but
his views seemed too much in accordance with the
tactics of Ministers to afford scope for the delivery

of any original opinions, or to enunciate a particular
line of policy. Even in this limited arena, however,
it will be difficult to follow him altogether. In the

.., ..
first place, he and his friends will find some diffi-
culty in persuading the House of Commons as glibly
as he did his hearers the other evening, that a

" more prudent course was never adopted by any
Ministry than that of Lord PALMERSTON and his
colleagues in relation to the American question."
Neither does it appear altogether so evident that if
we had adopted a different hne of action, we should
have made things worse instead of better. If Lord
FERMOY'S oration is the text-book from which the

speakers on the Treasury benches are to draw their
discourses, and bears any semblance to the line of
defence about to be taken, the Government and
their supporters will have a weary time of it. The
seizure of the steam rams is also glorified in by his
lordship. When he dropped these vexed questions

of Ministerial agency, and proceeded to discuss
the Schleswig-Holstein affair, however, he appeared
to far greater advantage, and gave utterance to

some home truths which might be of very great
service to those whom they were intended for, were

- _
it but possible to persuade them to take notice

thereof. For instance, what could be better or more

to the point than the passage which refers to the
inconsistency and insincerity of Austria and Prussia
in making so much ado about nothing, and insisting
on the principle of nationality being carried out in
all its integrity. Why do they not apply it at home,
forcibly argued the speaker. Why does not Aus-
tria relax in her treatment of Venetia ? How much
she regaids its value. Also Prussia might well be
called to account for not relinquishing that part of
Poland which she now grips." This is the only
way in which to treat this subject ; and it is gratify.
ing to meet with so spirited and satisfactory an ad-
dress on the eve of the meeting of Parliament.
Were many to re-echo its sentiments, much benefit
might accrue to the good cause of freedom, and pro-
gress might be made in impressing upon these con-
tinental tyrants the glaring inconsistency and
manifest violation of justice which marks the course
of their actions and shapes the fashion of their
policy. The fact is that there is great cunning in
all this parade of "nationality ;" and all those who
are adepts in tyranny and well skilled in oppres-
sion can, when it suits their purpose, become the
warmest advocates of constitutional measures, and
discourse with glowing eloquence concerning the
rights of nations and the claims of the people;
at all events, there is much satisfaction in
turning to the prophecy of Lord FERMOY,
that if a war is in reality to take place the two
States which have provoked it will be themselves
the first to suffer for it. If ever a retributive event
took place this would be one, and all right thinking
individuals would rejoice to hear that the effects of
the sinister catastrophe prepared for another had
recoiled on these whose cupidity and want of proper
feeling had occasioned the dilemma. With regard
to home matters, Lord FERMOY'S remarks were
very appropriate. The passage which bore reference
to courts-martial is a very suitable one, and aptly
illustrates the case. Who can say that the present
system is not safe, cheap, or sound, and above all
that it does not answer the ends of justice. It is
satisfactory to find this all - important subject
treated in the right spirit, and it will be for the
interest of the army, the benefit of all concerned in
future disputes, and the great advantage of the
country generally, if these spirited remarks are the
herald and precursor of others, similar in meaning
and synonymous in aim, delivered within the walls
of the House. Also, we find an allusion to the
question of condemned criminals, and the able
exposition of the failures and fallacies of the law in
this respect elicited loud and universal applause. At
any rate Lord FERMOY does not seem to propose
either for himself or his fellow members a repetition
of that dolce far niente, in which the occupants
of the benches at the right hand of the
Speaker have been wont to revel in during
past years, greatly to their own convenience
no doubt, but seriously to the detriment of the
public interest, the injury of their political reputa-
tion, and the gradual extinction of their influence
and importance. Mr. HARVEY LEWIS made some
observations on the subject of metropolitan rail-
ways, which is likely to engage a great deal of
attention this session, and concerning which some
steps must be taken, or the results may prove as
inauspicious as they were once thought to be pro-
mising. The hon. member also advocated the re-
duction of the interest on insurances, and truly said
that the effect of lowering the duty from three
shillings to one would be of great benefit. It is to
be hoped that the essay may be made at all events,
and thus a valuable service rendered to the many
who stand in imminent need of it. The first day of
the session and the last might almost bear compa-
rison with any of the lost chances, or shattered
castles in the air of legendary romance or fairy
hallucination. So much is 'to be done, so many
advantages gained for all, is the universal cry during
the whirl and excitement which ensue at the spring
dawn of every new session ; but what affinity does
the last bear to the first, when fictions must give
place to facts. May the present session be an ex-
ception to the rule, and if no very shining or bril-
liant achievements distinguish our foreign policy,
at any rate let some of these urgent home questions,
so earnestly and eloquently advocated by the mem-
bers for Marylebone, be taken up with energy, and
.reated with promptitude and foresight.
of I

THE GOLDEN LEGEND—HISTORIA CRUOIS.-
When Adam was about to die, Seth went to the
gate of Paradise to implore oil from the Tree of Mercy, but
the Archangel Michael gave him a branch of the Tree of
Knowledge, saying that when the tree bore fruit his father
would be cured. Meanwhile Adam had died, and Seth
planted the branch upon his grave. It grew into a large
tree and was cut down by Solomon for his Temple. After
various difficulties it was laid aside and came to servo as a
bridge over a pool of water. The Queen of Sheba, prompted
by a vision, warned Solomon that one who would be sus-
pended on that tree would by his death cause the destruc-
tion of the Jewish empire; and Solomon consequently
had the tree buried deep in the earth. On that spot
was afterwards formed the Pool of Bethesda, and the
healing qualities of the wood appear to have impregnated
the waters. At the appointed time, the wood rose to
the surface, was taken by the carpenters to make the
Cross, and, after the Crucifixion, was once more buried
in the ground, where it remained until the period
of the pious resesirches of Constantine and his mother
Helena. The pictures, with doggrel verses below them,
are 64 in number. The wood is made in this narration to
pass successively and in immediate contact, with Moses,
David, Solomon,Pybilla, the Queen of Sheba, Abias, Pilate,
and Helena. The lioly Cross was not even then allowed
to remain undisturbed after this ; but the Empress Helena
took half of it away with her, and, the remaining portion
was carried off by Cosdras, a conqueror of Jerusalem.
Heraclius engaged to rescue the treasure, slew the plun-
derer on a bridge acres a the Danube, and making a sudden
appearance before the heathen father of Cosdras, sum-
moned him at once to e mbraee Christianity. Without ap-
parently giving time for a reply he struck the tyrant's head
off, as he sat upon his th roue, and finally restored the relic
of the Cross to Jerusalem ‘-4thenomm,

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

LREUTER'S TELEGRAMS.]

SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN.

HAMBURG, JAN. 27.

News received here from Schleswig states that
the Danes continue to fortify the Dannewerke.
Six thousand soldiers are daily at work forming
entrenchments in order to command the Hadde-
byer and Movenberge road. Two batteries have
been erected in the entrenchments.
COPENHAGEN, JAN. 27.

It is rumoured that the Rigsraad (common
assembly for Denmark proper and Schleswig) will
be convoked very shortly.
_

VIENNA, JAN. 27.

The Danish note proposing a delay of six weeks
for compliance with the Austro-Prussian summons
of the 16th instant, to withdraw the November
Constitution, was
presented the day before yester-
day to Count Rechberg.

SPAIN.

MADRID, Jan. 26.

The Opposition has agreed not to ask questions
of Ministers until after the accouchement of the
Queen, ;which is expected shortly.

Po it TUGAL.

LISBON, JAN. 25.

The American corvette St. Louis sailed hence
to-day to intercept an English barque with guns
and stores for the Confederate cruiser Rappahan-
nock.
The late loan is now being discussed in the

Cortes.
The Government procrastinates in settling with
Mr. Lindsay.
A corvette has been launched at the Royal
Arsenal. The King was present.

__ __-

THE BOMBAY MAIL.
SOUTHAMPTON, JAN. 27.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam-
ship Ceylon has arrived here with the heavy por-
tion of the above mails-27 passengers, 6 packages
of specie, value £942, and 486 packages of cargo,
including raw silk to the value of £35,000.
Exchange on London at Gibraltar, on tho 22d
inst., was quoted 50i for 90 days' sight; on Paris,
526 ; Madrid, 8 days' sight,i premium. Freights
were unchanged.
Sir Moses Montefiore, with a numerous retinue,
left Mogador on the 17th inst., on his journey to
Morocco. He wus received at Mogador with the
same demonstrations of gratitude that welcomed
him at Tangier. Sir Moses gave £2OO for the poor
of Mogador.
The Ceylon spoke the steamer Ripon on the 24th

instant.
The Ellora was to leave Gibraltar seven hours
after the departure:of the Ceylon.

FRANCE.

PARIS, JAN. 27

The judicial investigation in the case of the Italian
conspirators against the life of the Ethperor is not
yet completed. The trial will probably not come
on before the latter half of February.
_ _

BOURSE, Jea. 26.—The arrival of the English
funds with a decline of a has caused the market to
be dull, but prices have been, notwithstanding,
pretty well maintained. For the Account, Threes
are now at 66fr. 40c. Mobilier have slightly re-
ceded, being now quoted at 1,015 fr. Railway
Market quiet, but firm. The market closed as
follows :

41 per Cents . . 95 10
Do. end month....
3 per Cents
Do. end month 66 50
Credit Mobiber...,lols
Do. end month 1018 75
Bank Shares 3277 50
Credit 1, oncier 1225
Italian Loan . 68 45
BAIL,

Do. end month 68 50
New ditto
Do, end month —
Russian
Austrian .. —
Spaniel Threes 5l
Rome Debt
Deferred
Roman
AYR.
Cash. Account.
992 50 .. 990
951 25 .. 952 50

Orleans ...............
Northern .... .........
New ditto ............. -
Lyons and Meditsrnmean 930 .. 932 50
New ditt0......
Southern 656 25 .. 653 75
Western
Eastern
Sardinian 3BO .. 380
Austrian
Low bard
North of Spain
Saragossa 570 .. 575
1 25
Ditto to Barcelona - .. 29

the legislature, recommends a conciliatory policy
to the South, and declares emancipation, peace,
and the reconstitution of the old Union should be
the sole object of the war.
A. National Democratic Constitution for the no-
mination of a candidate for the Presidency will be
held in Chicago, on the 4th of July next.
The New York limes has come out for the re-
nomination of Mr. Lincoln to the Presidency.
The municipal report on the condition of the
barracks on Broadway, near Astor House, has
created much indignation. Sixty men, arrested
for various military offences, were found confined
in a room 15 by 20 feet square. Many had been
there for months with no accommodation for sitting
or lying down. The report states that they were
covered with filth, and treated worse than wild
beasts, and that the existence of such a place was
an outrage on humanity, bringing disgrace to a

nation.
The judge of the Halifax Admiralty Court de-
clared
that he shall treat the Chesapeake case as
piracy throughout.
Southern journals report that the steamer Hero
ran ashore, on the 11th inst., off Wilmington, after
having landed the navy officers. One Federal
steamer was blown up, and 24 prisoners were cap-
tured.
The pirate passengers who lately captured the
schooner Garety, from Matamoras, for Havannah,
took her into Honduras, and, after selling a portion
of her cargo escaped.
The Sidon and the Glasgow have arrived out.

NEW YORK, Jan. 16, Morning.
Chattanooga despatches of the 11th instant report
that General Longstreet has been reinforced by
12,000 infantry. His entire force consists of 34,000
infantry and 12,000 cavalry. He is fortifying him-
self at Bull's Gap.
In Cleveland and TenneSsee General Longstreet
has levied all able bodied mon by conscription.
Washington despatches assert that the reported
raid by General Stuart upon Leesburg is an unim •
portant affair, es he has not sufficient force to make
a demonstration against the Federal right.
General Lee is being reinforced by conscripts and
is organising his cavalry for the spring campaign.
General Butler has sent a messenger to City
Point to arrange for an exchange of prisoners, and
ordered the Confederate prisoners to be brought
into his lines to await release.
The New York Legislature has passed a bill to
enable soldiers in the field to vote.
The steamers Dare and Bendigo have been de-
stroyed off Wilmington.
The Federal steamer blown up off Wilmington is
supposed to be the Iron Age.

COMMERCIAL.
NEW YORK, Jan. 15, Evening.

Money easier. Gold advanced to 551 this morn-
ing, but has since been receding under more pres- I
sure to sell, and closed at 55 per cent. prem.
Exchange on London—Bankers' Bills, 170 to
1701 ; Paris, sf. 28c.
Stocks steady. New York Centrals, 1334;
Illinois Centrals, 123; Erie, 1111, ; Six per Cent.
United States Bonds, 1051. Cotton improving—
Middling Upland, 82 to 821. Flour slightly firmer.
Wheat advancing. Corn heavy. Provisions tend-
i❑g downwards. , Coffee quiet. Sugar good in-
quiry. Molasses dull. Petroleum inactive—crude,
311 c. to 32c. ; refined, 46c. to 48.
NEW YORK, Jan. 16, Morning.
Money easier; gold, 591 per cent. prem. Ex-
change on London, 1704.

QUEENSTOWN, JAN. 27.

The Inman steamship City of Baltimore, from
New York on the 16th inst., arrived here this
morning with 91 passengers and 856,156 in specie.
She landed eight passengers, and proceeded at
3.45 a.m. All well.