The Sun.
London, England, 1852-12-16 00:00:00

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 16, 1852.

THOMAS HOOD'S GRAVE.—At a General
Meeting of the Subscribers to the HOOD MEMORIAL, held
Dec. 2d, at the Whittington Club, it was resolved that the Subscrip-
tion List be CLOSED on the Ist of February, 1853, and
Miss ELIZA_ COOK,
Ma. MUREX) YOUNG, and
IVIe. JOHN WATKINS,
were appointed Trustees to the Fund.
The amounts subscribed are deposited at interest in the London
and Cemmercial Bank.
Contributions are received by Mr. William Strudwicke, at the
Whittington Club, Strand ; by Miss Eliza, Cook, Treasurer, 54,
Great Ormonle-str et, Bloomsbury; and by Mr. John Watkins,
Hon. Sec., 31, Par:latnent-grest.

Among the subscribers are the following :
His Grace the Duke of Devonshire, K.G... • ..... £25 0
The Right Hon. Lord John Russell, M.l'. 0 0
The Right lion. R. Disraeli, M.P ••..• • • • 5 0 0
The Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay, •• .• 5 0 0
Sir William Frazer, Bart .•• • • • 5 0 0
James Harmer, Esq.... ••••• • • • • •
John Macgregor, Esq., 31P................... •• • •
Arnold Rogers, Esq. .. ••••.. • • • • • 5 5 0
Mrs. Robert Elliot... • ...... • • .... ••• • • ... 5 0 0
Richard Dawson, Esq., M.D..... ••••••• • • • • • • • 5 0 0
George Peabody, Esq.... •• .. ••-••••• • • • • • • • 5 5 0
Edward Moorman, Esq. ..... •••••• • • • • • • 5 0 0
David Salomon% E5q...... • _• • 5 5 0
Messrs Spalding and Hodge. .... •• •• • •
Miss Eliza Cook • • ....
Miss _• • ...• .......... 5 0 0
Proceeds of an "Evening with Hood" at the
Whittington Club... .. •.••..•• • • • • • •
Murdo Young, Esq., and family ... •••••• • • • • • • 4 4 0
Samuel Rogers, E5q......... ..... ........
C. W. Dilke, Esq... ..... •••••••••• • • • • .• 33 0
Charles Lushington, E5q............ ...... 3 0 0
Elias Davis, • 3 3 0
The Right Hon. the Earl of Ellesmere ••• • • 2 0 0
Sir James Duke. Bart.. M.? .... 2 2 0
R. Monckton Milnes, Esq., M.P.. •..•••• • • • • • • 2 0 0
B. W. Procter, Esq., (Barry Cornwall) • . ... 22 •0
Douglas Jerrold, E5q........... .... 2 2 0
T. K. Hervey, Esq. 2 2 0
Rowland Hill, Esq., General Post-office •••••• .. 2 '2 0
C. Mackay, Esq., LL.D. ...................... 2 2 0
C. W. Dilke, jun., E5q........
Edward Moxon, Esq.... ...... ........ • ..... 2 2 0
James Coppock, E5q..... • •
Rev. Thos. Wilkinson, Durham......... •
Jas. Wyld, Esq., and family.... ... • • ........ 2 0 0
Mrs. Theodore Martin (Miss Helen Fancit) .... 2 2 0
A few Young Men at Simpkin and Marshall's.. • 1 5 6
Nine half crowns from Manchester.... •• • .... 1 2 6
The Right Hon. the Earl of Car1i51e.......... 1 1 0
The Right Hon. the Earl of St. Germans.. .• •• 1 1 0
The Right lion. Lord Brougham ••..• • • • . 1 0 0
The Right Hon. Lord Hadley Stuart, M.P. .. 1 1 0
The Hon. and Rev. S. G. Osborne ••••• • • • • 1 0 0
Alfred Tennyson, Esq. (Poet Laureate) I 1 0
Lady Sandys ....... ......
W. M. Thackeray, E5q.......
Charles Swain, Esq, ..........
W. C. Macready, E•q... 1 1 0
J. Westland Marston, Esq
Mrs. S. C. Hall ..... .. 1 1 0
Albert Smith, Esq. ..........
W. CM. Kent, Esq.
0
Alfred Crowquill, Esq. ........ 1 1 0
William Jerrie!), Esq
Hepworth Dixon, E5q.......... •• • • ........ • • 1 1 0
Charles Gavan Duffy. Esq., M.P.. • • .. •• .. 1 0 0
R. Swift, Esq., M.P.. .. 1 1 0
James Macgregor, Esq., M.P • • ........ • • 1 0 0
B. Oliveira, Esq., 1 1 0
W. J. Fox, Esq., 31.1' 1 1 0
Sir John Kerle Haberfleld, Knt. Bristol ......1 1 0
Mrs Milner Gibson ... ..... •....... I 0 0
Thomas Creswiek. Esq. 1 1 8
J. B. Buckstone, E5q.......... • • .... •• . 1 1 0
Mrs. Fitzwilliam
Rev. Felix Palmer, Frierning
Horace Mayhew, E5q..........
C. Cowden Clarke, E5q..... •• • ... • • ...• .• . 1 0 0
Dr. Robert Elliot, Stratford ••• • .• ...• ........ 1 1 0
Elocution Class, Walworth Literary Institution.. 1 1 0
Rev. J. C. Collins .. . ....
Eight half crowns from Preston.... • •
In pence from Bideford ..............
In pence from Bristol....
Miss Mitford ..............
W. C. Bennett.
E. L. Blanchard. Esq.... •...., ...... •• • 010 6
A few Poor Need1ew0men.............. ••• • • • 010 6
In other sums 182 19 0

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- -
BY F. B. COURTENAY,
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
"In proof of his views he (Mr. Ceurtenay) has given
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VISIT TO THE LAKES ; SKETCH OF EDINBURGH. &c.
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THE PASSIONS.
••What passions hurt the body—what improvs,
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NOTICE IS lIICREBY GIVEN, That no Further Applications
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By Order of the Court of Eitedors.
JAMES FRASER CIAT.BRAITH, See. pro tem.
62, Moorgate-street, London, Deo. 17, 1852.

--

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THE BUDGET.—SPIRIT:OF THE PUBLIC
JOURAT4LS.
-
PROM THE MORNING PAi. OF THIS DAY.
TlMES.—After a deb 4 thren mights, the
House of G`ommons Naas bethouglit itself of inquir-
ing seriously what is the precise issue upon which,
when the torrent of eloquence is fairly exhausted,
it is to divide. The formula of words in which

. -
that question is contained is even yet hardly de-
cided upon, for before the rising of the House of
Commons on Tuesday night, Lord John Russell
expressly reserved to himself the power of deciding
whether it should be upon the first, or upon the
second, or the third paragraphs of Mr. Dis-
raeli's motion, that the
_division should be taken.

Having carefully considered this subjeci, and ar-
rived at a conclusion which appears' to us satisfac-
tory, we think we should be doing good service to
gentlemen of all parties in the House of Commons
by pointing out to them as clearly as we can what
is the issue they have to decide, and by which reso-
lution it will be most properly raised. We are only
too happy to discharge the office of a judicious
" bottleholder" on this occasion, and thus proba-
bly add an hour or two to the night's rest of weary
senators, which is otherwise only too likely to be
spent in the efforts of rival parties to overreach
each other by verbal subtleties. The following is
an abridgement of the first proposition :—" That
after the sth day of April, the duties on houses in
Great Britain, made payable by the 14th and 15th
of Victoria, chap. 36, according to their annual
value, shall cease, and, in lieu thereof, there
shall be made payable on such houses the
following duties." The second imposes a
duty of one shilling on a certain class of
houses worth ten pounds or upwards ; and
the third a duty of eighteenpence on another class.
Now, on which of these resolutions ought the
division to be taken ? There is a difficulty in the
construction of the first, arising from the use of

.e words " such houses," which might seem,
on a strict and technical construction, to imply
that the houses spoken of were only those men-
tioned in the act of Parliament, and consequently
that the first resolution only pledged the house
to the increase of the duty, and not to the ex-
tension of the area of the tax. Mere verbal criti-

cism might suggest this ; but in no case would
mere verbal criticism be more misapplied. We

cannot comprehend the sophistry Or those who
would represent a distinct resolution on a specific
question as a mere abstract declaration of approval
of the principles of the budget, of confidence in the
Ministry, or of anything else but that which it
really declares. Taking this resolution in connec-
tion with what follows, we think that its fair con-
_ _ .

struction was given to it last night by Mr. Disraeli,
and that it affirms two things,—first, that the
house is willing to increase the taxation on in-
habited houses and secondly, that it is willing

to extend the area of that taxation from houses
rented at twenty pounds to houses rented at
ten. We cannot conceive that those who, like

the Opposition, are opposed to both these pro-
positions, can creditably or consistently pass
them by in order to take a nal rower issue
on their detailed application. The first reso-

lution affirms two -principles, and those prin-
ciples, if disputed, ought not to he conceded—if
conceded, ought to be carried out. We therefore
think that the division ought to be taken on the
first resolution ;—that it fairly raises the issue be-
tween the parties, and that by it the question of the
Ministerial policy on the house tax, and therefore
on the budget, will be properly decided. Those
who are against both propositions, the increase of
the house tax and the extension of its area, will of
course vote against the resolution. Those who aro
in favour of both propositions will of course vote for
it ; those who are in favour of one and against the
other have the choice between approving something
they dislike or rejecting something they approve—
a misfortune which unavoidably results from coup-
ling together two independent propositions in the
same resolution—and will vote for or against the
two, according as they attribute more or less
weight to the one proposition or to the other.
Having done what we can to clear up this vexed
question, we may remark that upon the decision ar-
rived at on this resolution really depends the fate of
the budget in its present form. The poverty of ways
and means is such as to admit of no further reduc-
tion. The Kafir war has woke up again, as if for no
other purpose than to devour two hundred and fifty-
thousand pounds of Mr. Disraeli's surplus. The an-
ticipated loss from refining sugar in bond has not
been explained, and it seems therefore very proba-
ble that the West India interest will swallow two
hundred thousand pounds more. No answer has been
given, though three Cabinet Ministers have spoken,
to the forcible objections against the appropriation
to the annual service of the principal or the profits
of the Exchequer loan, nor to Mr. Goulburn°s es-
timate of a larger deficit on the malt tax. Under
these circumstances, Mr. Disraeli will require both
the double amount and the extended area of the
house duty, and should rather be thinking of find-
ing fresh ways and means than throwing out hints
of diminishing those he has proposed. We ought,
however, to state these dimeulties with diffidence,
because the debate has been hitherto really all on
one side. Sir John Paking,on has proteSted
against, denied, disowned, disclaimed, denounced,
and condemned every argument brought forward
by the Opposition ; but has answered none. He
has protested too much, and reasoned too little.
Mr. Walpole has snapped up various admissions
which nobody contests, laid down several principles
which nobody admits, and quoted many statistics
which nobody cares about. The only part of his
speech, however, which drew much attention from
the house was an exaggerated and fulsome eulogium
of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, which he had
the singular infelicity to conclude by quoting as
the greatest happiness of Mr. Disraeli, and the
highest aim of human life, those very pursuits
which Lucretius alluded to as constituting the
folly and misery of our mortal career. Mr. Wal-
pole favoured us with a translation of this un-
happy quotation—genius contending with rank ;
but if contendere nobilitate was meant as a
playful allusion to Mr. Disraeli's contentions
with the nobility within the Cabinet and the
landed aristocracy without it, Mr. Walpole should
not have spoilt the appositeness of his quotation by
coupling it with certare ingenio. With the nobil-
ity, undoubtedly, Mr. Disraeli has often contended,
and never more, we suspect, than M that series of
Cabinet Councils which led to the proposed repeal
of one-half of the malt tax; but with genius, with
wit, with talent, he had not to contend. He has
had to contend with the nobility, with dogged pre-
judice, impervious ignorance, and oracular stolidity;
but not with genius, only with rank. It is his
misfortune to associate with men whom he cannot
even trust to praise him, and therefore till his re-
ply comes we shall not know what is to be said in
favour of the financial scheme, or what answers can
be given to the harsh and dogmatical criticisms of
Sir Charles Wood, the experience and authority of
Mr. Goulburn, or the masterly argumentation of
Sir James Graham, seeking to protect agriculture
from its friends. But the worst of it is, that al-
though the speaking power of the Government is
quite exhausted, the Opposition has still several
formidable champions in reserve,. If Parliamentary
discussion be a good thing, we ought to be provided
with a Government containing at least two men
of talent ; for Hercules himself must yield to odds;
and it is rather hard to expect a single champion
to keep at bay the united leaders of two politi-
cal parties, carrying into the contest twice the abil-
ity and experience that is necessary to constitute an
ordinary Government. Surely the originators of
this policy ought to defend it, and not, after hav-
ing involved their only leader and supporter in in-

extricable difficulties, to leave him to contend alone
with the perils and obstacles they have created.
The rash and foolish leader who forced his colleague
into. the battle of Canine saved hiwself from
destruction, and left his colleague to expiate the
consequence of his own errors.
HERALD.—The vote which will.be taken this
evening, and which may probably be supposed to
decide the fate of the budget as a whole, will be
taken under circumstances which have likely never
occurred before. A great coalition of Whigs, Peel-
ites, Cobdenites, Scotch Radicals, and the Irish
Brigade is to be brought to bear upon the l'ilinistry,
in order, if possible, to reject the budget, and de-
feat the Government. And yet there Ls scarcely a
single leader of that coalition who has not explicitly
declared his entire approval of some points in that
same financial plan. In face, the best eulogium we
could frame for the budget and its author would be
composed of those separate opinions of Whigs,
Radicals, and Peelites, which have been expressed
in the debate which is now concluding. Eight or
nine of these testimonies we will now quote, pre-
mising that the speakers are all opposed to the pre-
sent Government.

Sir Charles Wood said, " I approve of the right
hon. gentleman's proposition with regard to the
tea duty. I think he is right in dealing with the
tea duty, and in the mode in which he proposes t o
deal with it." " I have never swerved from my
opinion that the house tax is a good tax." "I do
not object to the extension of the house tax??
Mr. Cobden said, " With respect to the modifi-
cations of the income tax, I think that this part of
the budget reflects great credit on the Chancellor
of the Exchequer. . I give the _Government full
credit for this alteration."

Mr. Osborne said, " He was willing to give credit
to the Chancellor of the Exchequer for two main
points in his budget. He felt that he was entitled
to credit, in the first place, for the relief he had
afforded to the shipping interest. He likewise
thought that the right hon. gentleman had taken a
sagacious and statesmanlike view with regard to
the tea duties."

Mr. Hume said, " The right hon. gentleman
deserved the thanks of the country for the man-
ner in which he had dealt with the grievances
affecting the shipping interest." "He thought it
a bold stop for a Chancellor of the Exchequer to
take, to establish a distinction between fixed
and precarious incomes." " But he was con-
fident that the right hon. gentleman met the corn--
mon sense of the whole community ; and that this
distinction must obtain and become established."

Sir James Graham said, " I think the arrange-
ment with reference to the shipping interest is an
arrangement perfectly justified, and it meets my
entire approbation."
Mr. Monckton Milnes said, " The question of
the tea duty rested on an entirely different prin-
ciple. He considered the remission proposed
most reasonable and prudent, and was prepared to
give it his support. He believed that in recognis-
ing the distinction between fixed incomes and in-
comes derived from trades and professions, the Go-
vernment had not only accepted what the common
sense of the country declared to be the truth, but
that they had acted according to a very reasonable
and feasible system of taxation."
Mr. H. H. Vivian said that "he thought that
many important benefits would be gained by the
propositions of the right hon. gentleman, and that
he had made some steps in the right direction."
Mr. Alcock (East Surrey) said that " the
country owed a debt of gratitude to the Chancellor
of the Exchequer for having been bold and honest
enough to propose a diminution of the malt tax."
Mr. W. Williams (Lambeth) said, "He must
express his thanks to the right hon. gentleman for
declaring his intention of causing all moneys to be
paid into the Exchequer, and also to introduce an
improved administration of the public offices • and
he hoped that the right hon. gentleman would re-
main m office long enough to carry out those
objects."
We might largely increase this list of testimonies
were we to turn over former debates, and were we
to cite also the praises of the Whig and Free-trade
press. And what can present a stranger spectacle
than to see 250 or 260 gentlemen, of the most op-
posite views on all conceivable questions, banded
together to defeat as a whole a financial scheme,
every part of which 'has been lauded by some of
their own body ! The plain truth is, that the ag-
gregate vote of these gentlemen, intended, if pos-
sible, to overthrow the Government, is pre-emi-
nently a factious vote. Had the plan of Mr.
Disraeli combined every excellence that statesmen
and financiers ever imagined the result would pro-
bably be the same—parts would be praised, the
whole would be, if possible, rejected. Men who
can act in this manner should be dealt with in a
way which is level to their feelings and under-
standings. The probable consequences of the
course they are taking, if successful, should be ex-
plained to them. For, in truth, there are those
among them who, if they perceived the political
extinction to which they are hastening, would yet
pause and draw back. We take for granted that
as the real nature of the vote to which the House
of Commons will come is still unknown—the
Cabinet cannot have deliberated upon it—cannot
have adopted any resolution. Still, Lord Derby's
most recent language in the House of Lords plainly
alluded to a defeat as a possible event ; and to a
retirement of the Ministry from power, as a conse-
quence of such defeat. Now, the class of persons
who must feel the deepest interest in this matter
are, not the noble earl and his colleagues, nor the
Whig or Radical leaders. All these have only
something at stake. But there are about 100
members of the House of Commons who have
everything to lose. The persons of whom we speak
are those who have with great pains and trouble
gained a seat in that house, but whose re-appear-
ance there after another election is a matter of
great uncertainty. The reason why these are the
persons most interested in the issue of the present
contest is so plain as scarcely to need explanation. The
first but most inevitable result of a change of Govern-
ment would be another dissolution. If the present
Ministry cannot get on with the recently-elected
House of Commons, still less hope is there that any
other Ministry can transact the public business in
that assembly. The present Government can
reckon more than three hundred supporters in that
house ; but no other party could find so many as
two hundred, unless by a coalition, sacrificing prin-
ciples on both sides, and certain of a speedy disrup-
tion. The only chance, therefore, of any new Mi-
nistry would be to dissolve as soon as possible, and
to strive very earnestly to gain, if possible, some 40
or 50 votes by the new election. Now this prospect
should be gently, but faithfully, suggested to the
House of Commons itself. Such a renewal of the
) strifes of August last, would be hurtful to the
country itself. But, to at least 100 of the present
members, it would be political annihilation.

HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK.—The official 1
report says : In last week's report it was shown that
the mortality rose to 1,042 ; from the returns for the
week that ended last Saturday it appears that the deaths
remained at nearly the same amount, having been 1,012.
In the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1842-51 the
average number was 1,210, which, if raised in propor-
tion to the increase of population, gives a mortality for
the present time of 1,331. Compared with this estimated
amount, the deaths actually registered last week exhibit
a satisfactory. reduction ; but it will be borne in mind
that the average of the ten years is increased by in-
fluenza, which in the corresponding week of 1847 was
fatal to 2,416 persons. In the last four weeks the total
number of deaths returned have undergone considerable
variation, these having been 922, 947, 1,042, and 1,012;
but under the two principal heads, namely " zymotic
diseases" and "diseases of the respiratory organs," the rate
of mortality has been remarkably uniform ; zymotic ; of
epidemic diseases in the aggregate produced in the seve-
ral weeks 184,207, 210, and 212 deaths, while those of
the organs of respiration (exclusive of phthisis) caused
167,172, 171, and 171 fatal cases. During the same
periods hooping-cough alone of the diseases in the for-
mer class shows a steady disposition to increase, though
it has not yet become fatal to any considerable extent ;
the numbers referred to it were 17, 20, 24, 34. In the
same times scarlatina was fatal to 59, 72, 59, and 62
persons ; typhus to 50, 37, 47, and 55. The mortality
from small pox continues low, and last week it was fatal
in only two cases. Five persons died last week of in-
fluenza. Last week the births of 810 boys and 769 girls,
in all 1,579 children were registered in London. In the
seven corresponding weeks of the years 1845-51 the
average number was 1,371. At the Royal Observatory,
Greenwich, the mean height of the barometer in the
week was 29.520 in. The mean temperature of the week
was 49.3 degs., which is 7.2 degs. above the average of
the same week in ten years, wih also 7 degrees higher
than the temperature of the previous week. The mean
daily temperature was above the average on every day
of the week, and this excess on Sunday, Friday, and-,
I
Saturday amounted to 10 and 11 degrees. The wind
blew daily from the south-west.
" MURDER WILL OUT."—Threw men have been
arrested by the police on suspicion of being concerned in
the murder near Mullinahone. The poor victim, in his
struggles with his merciless assailants, tore a piece of cloth
out of the coat of one of the party, and retained it in his
grasp when the body was discovered. This piece of evi-
dence was taken b the police as a guide in their search,
and finally led to the arrest of the three prisoners.