The Sun.
London, England, 1852-09-08 00:00:00

THE HARVEST.

The harvest almost over; thi4 year's wheat is
finding its way into the market; and we are beginning
to have particular information of the crops abroad. So
what Says Mark-lane, and what is the language of the
agricultural journals, usually so ominous and pathetic at
this time of the year? AS to the harvest itself, the ac-
counts are various. We never remember when they
were not, and can only bow to the wisdom of Provi-
tidohegantcoetahleanmpsioietnygtytehnoaetfratolhleyeemhodifying, timing, and distribut-
tthh oe line
s deficiency
u summer
omf e
dor
if
as
ntai another. oottthilioeenr: whole nation
shall s h aml
make
ot
us up ff rot, atitcle
o unseasonable
umrbaei
rains
s soefe
Augustm s this
have
se
vs re
to na akfiers itt
sprout,
cavil!
tt,h
so
or
at
th
S
ain,
it is tshaeidn,
though
obgl blight it,
agri-
culturalconspired,ten murmurs are always to
ethheeraeheaerivseedst
hwaiathbeeann
allowance. North of the Humberw
better got in.
while thbre:in farmersh are,
crops,ms t veryanoe sh, ea an vdy
leeaogsfrtit the parching heats of
of
fir corn
later,nde
ranthdetshel2circu
it is said, still too busy in the fields to
to harvest; nobody knows what to call the prfc,etandwheat
—and even bad news of the potato crop here
more in Ireland, seems to make little positive impressionatill
on prices. The averages are rising, the last was 435, 7d.
" But who gets the average?" asks the south-country
fermer, whose wheat lay for a fortnight, till the weeds
bound it to the ground. So far, then, as regards the ex-
pectations of the farmer, we may set down wheat at the
figure it has almost stood at for several years. Forty
shillings a•quarter seems now the safest guess for the
long run. Is that a good or a bad look out? It is the
prospect now before the farmers. Yet we venture to ask,
where are the lamentations? where the piteous cries for
help? where the appeals for something to be done?
where the sullen resolves to quit the country if some-
thing were not done that we have had for the last seven
years, particularly at this season. The farmers' friends
aro in power, and so little pressure is applied to them
that they intend to wait near three months, that is to the
end of November, before they produce their grand spe-
cific; and the farmers themselves are the chief apologists
of this delay. What unwonted patience! What newly-
acquired resignation! Was it for this the 300 gentlemen
making the country party seceded so long from office,
fared up into agitators, and subsided into misanthropes?
Was it merely that at the end of seven years they might
learn to sit like patience on a monument, and smile at
40s. a-quarter? That, in fact, is what they are now
tu.

The truth is, that agriculturists have at last discovered
that whatever is to be done must be done by themselves.
They have passed through the worst—that is, the tran-
sition itself—and they now see that they can manage to
get on, like other manufacturers and tradesmen in this
much-peopled and much-taxed country. They are also
observing that time itself, as Bacon says, is tho greatest
innovator, and is just now unusually busy at innovations.
Indeed, changes are now occurring of the most momen-
LOUS character, and that require as much vigilance on
our part as if we were passing through icebergs at the
tweak up of an Arctic winter. Man, hitherto adr ug,
rbreatens to become precious. On the one hand wages
must rise, and our men will be masters. They will ask
:or good cottages, and that near their work. They will
have their little homesteads, their pigs, and even their
cows. Ou the other hand, they will become more
educated and more intelligent, as well as physically
stronger. They will do their work better.
Then the burden of pauperism will almost dis-
appear: it is going rapidly. Of our present vast
pauper expenditure little will remain, after a few years,
but the establishment charges. We may even live to
see our huge union workhouses actually shut up, or only
tenanted by a few old people. Then the law of settle-
ment—that knot which has puzzled so many states-
men and economists—which makes the man a slave
to his master, and the master a slave to his man,
but which nobody has yet been able to mend, will be-
come a mere shadow under the operation of changes that
destroy all local ties. The whole population are adrift.
Every petty station, every little market town, sees the
emigrant on his way to Australia. Adding this new
drain to that still undirninibbed from Ireland, we shall
probably fital chat not leas than half a million of our
people have left our shores in the year 1852. Sokuntur
risu tabula., We may now say of those Settlement
questions, that for a century have disturbed the
peace and drained the funds of every parish in this
kingdom. Nothing has hitherto stood in the w stY
a vast quantity
of agriculture so much a 3 the necessity of employ-
ingbof unskilled and even insubor-
dinate dinate labour. Though the necessity has neots.,ll
in
so stringent of late years, yet most farmersraraa,y
"new
this case, that it they employ machinery,tteor labourers
mode of cultivation, or if they invite
from a distance, they find themselves
incompetent hands.
compulsion to go on using their old
disappearing, and
All compulsion of this sort
is
now
to the use of reap-
ing machines and all the otblien:dwieb
ing labour. The labourer, pedients for economiz-
taught, will learn bow to machinery, and do the
la-
work of two, or half a dewte fsaurft
The quicker the men as have hitherto
worked and cncumberedn
by
in whieh ho is placed, the better
ducatiou for the new and more
advantageous position
bourer is prepare.d
will it be for him.
f years have sVoio opened the eyes of the
The la" few
bility of other crops and other modes
ucle% for xis employer.
of cultivation .
now lying before us the last number
There is n
Pthett9in those he has inherited from his
ffsatrhmeersr.° thei
of the Royal Agricultural Society, and
of the Journal
wei British farmer can profitably cultivate man-
find in it a serious discussion of the question whe-
ther " 1 for the manufacture of sugar. The balance
• .iven in a .
f your of the cultivation, the only g
ift-
leased being the want of a manufacture on a
cuity con
leased
large scale. Again. should wheat obsti-
uelimaly stand at its present price, barley and oats will
igsol:lwrz
Provo more remunerative ; and even stall-feeding, which
the other day was pronounced a ruinous occupation, is
now found once more to pay. Notwithstanding all this
emigration, our towns, our factories, our ports, our
docks and harbours, seem to thrive as much as ever;
and it is in these seats of skilled industry that the far-
mer's best customers are found, rather than among his
own ill-paid labourers. But, as we have pointed out
above, the more skilled and better paid labourers that
will now do the work of the farm will be much better
customers for the produce of it than the poor squalid
creatures that carry horns on the Saturday night a mi-
serable pittance of Bs. or 9s. for as many mouths. We
are come upon an age when the value, the powers, and
the wants of man are suddenly and considerably raised,
and when everybody gives more, and receives more in
return. How fortunate that on the threshold of this
new state of things,
revolution could have brought us to, we have already
more wonderful than any which
_
got rid of Protection, and have not that old fraud to mar
our present good fortune. We have committedandrrovi.
our-
selves to the general laws of Pro
dyne° now rewards our confidence
with the
such as men
so-
cial improvements and unexpected hi,
is a' new era that
isra cha-
racter ianni:ci toit
its results
had not dreamt of ten yeas Providence,
vista of
questions ; but the fact
doubt. Its exact cha-
theieraon in all the relations
of a great, spontaneous revoi
as
in other sciences, is by
of society, and in agricultural
e !alas prepared for the change.
this time evident to those
—Times. Th arelt ur e acgaoa.

GLASGOW, SEPT.
.4.—Cotton—There has been a
appearance at the heginning. Consider-
fair demand in our market during the past week, which had
gbeen made, prices ruling much the same CA
There seems, however, to be a general
thosear abtlhe esraoalf
eldsars
hot oa,pvvieene k
..
anticipation of a rise as the year advances. There has been
demandf for
prices
r goods,
both for home trade and export,
are fully maintained. Pig Iron--
Since our last report the pig iron market has been rather in-
active, without, however, any change in the nominal quota-
tions. Mixed number warrants, 455. 6d. cash, sellers; buyers
danuraincgtie
the
shy, and only offer 455. For shipment, No. 1 may 14c,. quoted
at 455. 3d. ; No. 3, 445. 6d. ; No. 1 Gartsherrie,ns. d.
week, and
Bars are from 61. 10s. to 61. 155., and plates 9/. tO 11.1031
with great activity ih the latter,

( o
"up
eigi;lrrOk,l'iaTila t..A.it
..., ).,7- 4,,,,)--v , ‘:./ • . 41-y
LONDON, WEDNESDAY. SEPTEMBER 8, 18;2.

Our contemporary Fraser—under pretext of per- I
traying the Personnel of the New Parliament—has
sorrowfully enumerated the losses of the Old Parlia-
ment. One by one he has caused the rejected repre.
sentatives to move past like so many captives mar-
shalled in chains before the .triumphal procession of
their successors. The spectacle revealed in the
mere catalogue, it must be confessed, is sufficiently
melancholy. It betrays either 2n extraordinary
amount of popular ingratitude, or a very lamentable
flaw ;r1 our representative system. Perhaps we
should more correctly assert that it affords evidence
of both one and the other.----?.vidence of ungrateful
conduct on the part of the electors and of miserable
faultiness in the machinery of the elections. Other-
wise it would be scarcely posale to account in
aisony reasonable manner for the rejection of
many eminent men simultaneously in so
Many •,
different parts of the United King-
dom. Legislators,
gifted with capacities remark-
able for theiry
constituencies brilliancy and originality, have been
abandoned b
upon which they have
reflected honour by
icb
acting as their representatives.
Others, distinguished
the consistency of their
views and by the athnit, yd
men of btpinesa in aiding b value of their habits as
routine of legislation,
have been discarded elsewherete no less summarily and
unexpectedly. While, as
f to
enhance the ungra-
ciousness
of the possessors of the
havefranchise
instances alike—the eminent menoeen ousted by
new calialidates without the advantage of
Po
n any orfhose credentials hitherto regarded
oassEbeyss itnhe
at the hustings, and which are better kw
now popular technicality of antecedents. As cc Regina''
has in the article already referred to pointed outre,
significantly, all the ordinary calcolations of pan'
have been set aside as absolutely futile and extravZ.,
gant, no matter whether the party in question were
Whig, or Tory, or Radical, or Conservative. Mr.
Beurtan and Mr. GREENE were alike supplanted in
the favour of the electors, the former at Rochester
and the latter at Lancast9-, although the abilities of
both, we may add the services of both, were through-
out the rest of the country to the full appreciated—
as the veteran Chairmen of
Committees ; Mr. GREENE,
under the PEEL, and -Air, II
ERNAL' under the RUSSELL
Administration. Yet more incomprehensible
conduct of Liverpool to was the
the Right Hon.
EDWARD CARDWELL, end
that of North
Northumberland to Sir GEORGE GREY—the
former one of the most important
practical statesmen, tha lattPr one of
the
among our
of our Liberal administrators. „,-,..he most efficient
Lawn
was
ti,
owu
aside
by lar. CORNEWALL
Herefordshire, and Sir