The Sun.
London, England, 1864-08-13 00:00:00

Commence at 7.

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The Weather--Sun Office, Aug. 13, 1564.

- P -

THERMOMETER.

This day at Two o'clock

Barometer-30.26.

WIND—N.W. ; moderate breeze, and cloudy.

HIGH 'WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
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£O-moßßow.-Morning, 10n. 46m.—Afternoon, Ilh. 30m

4 1
T 44, .4 7 A S
te 11
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•

LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 13, 1864.

The disgraceful riots at Belfast turn all eyes to
Dublin Castle. We wait to see what will be done
by Lord CARLISLE. According to the last accounts
received by telegraph from the scene of these atro-
cious riots, there was a talk about calling out the
military. The soldiery were already under arms,
the only uncertainty being whether they would
actually be called out. It is of course an extreme
proceeding this calling out of the military, a pro.
ceeding wisely resorted to only under the direst
emergency, and when everything else has been
done towards the suppression of street tumults, with
ft view to the effectual restoration of order among
an insurgent population. Nevertheless, what furs
they provocation has been needed down at Bel-
fast towards the justification of the authorities
there in resorting at length to that last and ex-
tremest proceeding of all—the calling out of the
military ? The brutalities of the Orangemen there
have certainly been sufficiently various and suffi,
ciently destructive not only to justify, but to neces-
sitate the summoning, by the civil authorities, to
their assistance in restoring quietude to Belfast and
its vicinity, the military expressly stationed there
to that very end in the immediate neighbourhood.
The rioting commenced, it will be remembered only
too distinctly, several days back, with one of those
incidents expressive of savage stupidity on the
part of a fanatical population—the burning of the
Effigy of a great man as a sort of mounter demon-
stration to a display elsewhere of grateful admira-
tion towards him on the part of his admirers. In this
Particular instance, down at Belfast, the savage
stupidity of the Orangemen of that redshot Orange
locality was indicated, not by the burning of the
effigy of A Great Man, but by the burn-
ing of the effigy of The greatest Man Ire-
land has ever prodacied. The contrast presented
toview by those two demonstrations—the one at
Dublin and the one at Belfast—is certainly, to say
the least of it, very significant. Yonder, in the Irish
capital, it was, as a demonstration, the very grandest
that has ever taken place there in that land of de-
monstrations, in that metropolis of demonstrations.
It was the vastest, the most unanimous, the most
orderly from beginning to end. The occasion was—
surely, surely, to speak R ithin the mark t—a most
reasonable occasion. It was convened, this grand
assemblage of Irishmen, for the purpose of taking
part in, or of witnessing, the ceremonious lo.ying of
the foundation stone of A .National Monument, indi-
cative in enduring marble and granite, of Ireland's
Love, Admiration, and Gratitude to the memory of
DANIEL O'CONNELL, The Liberator ! T'aat mere
distinctive title of his is indicative of what
overflowing reasons there are, in vary truth,
in his regard, for the cherishing• of hie
memory, perennially, through these and. through
after times, by his compatriots, with all that Love
and Gratitude and Admiration. The Liberator !
Assuredly one of the noblest, purest, lc ,ftiest, most
inviable titles man ever Won. And one moreover,

that is applied in this instance of O'CONNELL in
no spirit of hyperbole. His title, it is, by right
as one pure and simple in its exact truthful-
ness. For if ever man was, is the fullest
meaning of the word, a " Liberator" it was
DANIEL O'CONNELL it was "THE Liberator." To
him, under Heaven, many millions of the loyal
subjects of the Crown sot alone in Ireland, but
throughout the whole of the British Empire, owe
their social, political, and religious liberation—owe
it all, under Heaven, directly and individually to
him, to his piercing eloquence, to his indomitable
determination, to his all mastering genius as the
last and the greatest of the Tribunes of the People.
• Mistakes he made, errors he was guilty of, his
tongue in Oratory was too often loading the air
with words of foul and vulgar abuse, the later
years of his life were, to our thinking, nothing
less than wilfully and most idly wasted in pursuit
of an unattainable chimera. Yet, granting that all
this may be said thus as against him, as in deprecia-
tion of his memorable career and his resplendent
powers, he was A Liberator he was The
Liberator of many millions of his fellow-men—
of the vast majority of his own fellow-country-
men and of co-religionists of theirs in all quarters
of the globe, otherwise to express it, in all parts of
the British dominions. And he was their Liberator
in the fullest meaning of the word—their Liberator
corporeally, mentally, and spiritually—their Libe-
rator in Body, and Soul, and Intellect. If any
one has failed yet fully to realise what DANIEL
O'CONNELL really was, and what he actually did,
entitling him to what no one can now rob
him of, this glorious title of Liberator—
" The LIBERATOR"—Iet them turn to whatever
has been written or spoken of him since the date of
his death by the greatest Liberal and the greatest
among the lay co-religionists of The Liberator in
Christendom, CHARLES, :the Count de MONTALEM.
BERT. Above all, let them turn to that noblest
funeral oration that has been uttered since the
imperial lips of BoSSUET were closed is death,
the funeral oration pronounced upon O'CONNELL
by the Dominican monk LACORDAIRE.
Eighteen years have now elapsed since, in
the autumn of 1847, DANIEL O'CONNELL, the Libe-
rator, then on his way to Rome, breathed his last at
Genoa. And it is only after these eighteen years
have passed by that the foundation stone of a
national monument in his honour is formally laid
in the capital of Ireland by the hands of the chief
magistrate of the city of Dublin, in the presence of
a vast number of the Liberator's compatriots.
Surely a reasonable proceeding ! Surely a pro-
ceeding—after these eighteen years have elapsed
—in no way precipitate! Surely a simple act
of gratitude, of justice, of common decency,
and of common sense. Yet it was as a counter-
demonstration to this display of national gratitude
and right feeling towards the memory of O'Cos-
NELL among a race whom he has so largely bene-
fited, that the Orangemen of Belfast assembled for
the purpose of indulging themselves in what we
have already designated, one of those pieces of
savage stupidity, the burning of the effigy of a
great man. In this instance, as already re-
marked, the effigy of the greatest man Ire-
land ever produced. And now we are witnessing
the just fitting result of this same piece of most
savage stupidity—namely, the delivering up of Bel-
fast for several days and nights in succession into
the hands of rioters armed with stones and brick-
bats and bludgeons. The latest achievements of
these rioters being the attacking and sacking of a
nunnery t If no lives have yet been lost in the place
delivered up now for a considerable interval to these
disgraceful proceedings, lives, there, have been seri-
ously endangered, a girl has been maimed, a man
his been shot in the leg, the whole city and the sur-
rounding neighbourhood have been thrown into
profound consternation. And it is now, in this dire
extremity, that we turn with some curiosity to note
what will be the course pursued yonder, at Bel-
fast, with a view to the restoration of order,
and the vindication of the law by the amiable
Lord Lieutenant.

It was not likely that the Mayor and citizens
of Cork would miss so favourable an opportunity
of enforcing their wishes upon Ministers as the
occasion presented by the grand banquet given to
the Lords of the Admiralty and the officers of the
Channel Fleet, at Cork, in the beginning of the
week. The dignitaries who visited them on this
occasion were, too, the very members of the Govern-
ment whose sympathies the good folks of Cork were
most anxious to enlist in the cause of their harbour
and its prospective dockyard. The Lords of the
Admiralty are now on a tour of inspection, and
naturally included the much-talked of harbour of
Queenstown in their survey. The Mayor and
citizens of Cork at once availed themselves of the
opportunity to show Irish hospitality io full splen-
dour, and to impress upon these flying visitors the
advantages which were offered by their harbour for
the construction of a dock. The Mayor of Cork,
Mr. MAGUIRE, who presided at the banquet, has
lately been often before the public in reference to
a matter connected with this very harbour—the
obnoxious Daunt's Rock, which occasioned
the total wreck of a goodly vessel last
Very recently he has been striving
to impress upon the authorities the necessity
of doing something to lessen the dangers which
this obstacle presents to naval traffic before the
winter months set in, though as yet his remon-
strances have been without effect. At this we need
not wonder, for any one official board or body is
difficult to move, but when it is necessary to influ-
ence three to joint a,-.tion the case is almost hopeless,
especially when it is not very clear whose duty it
is to take the first step. This subject was not, how-
ever, touched upon the other evening ; Mr. MA•
GUIRE, and others interested in the matter, probably
thinking that if the Government took up the mat-
ter of the dockyard in earnest Daunt's Rock would
not long be suffered to bar the passage way.
One topic there was which, though uncon-
nected with nautical matters, was naturally
referred to in the course of the evening, The de-
parture of the Earl of CARLISLE, and his resigna-
tion of the Viceregal dignity, could hardly have been
passed over without some tribute to the public
character and private excellence of that deservedly-
respected nobleman. On all sides, sincere respect
and a conviction of his earnest desire to promote
the welfare of the country, were expressed. Lord
FERMOY, in speaking of him, said that whatever
were their political sentiments, they all felt that
wherever Lord CARLISLE was there Ireland and the
Irish would hav e a friend. There are few English
statesmen, we should hope, who, in occupying such
a position, would fall into the error of identifying
themselves with any sect or party, but the Earl of
CARLISLE has shown an unusual degree of tact and
courtesy, and has contrived to conciliate all parties
by irritating the prejudices of lame. We trust that
when his place is filled his successor may be as
wisely selected, but whether it need be filled at all
is a question that may very well prei,ent itself to
the public. If the office were of any
real advan-
tage to either country, £20,000 a yei r should not
weigh in the balance against natior .al good, but
wise men have long asked where the national
good lies, and whether Ireland at le-.4 it would not

summer.

benefit far more by a judicious outlay of that sum
annually on her public works and similar under-
takings. [lt would certainly go a long way towards
the construction of the naval dockyard, about
which the good citizens of Cork expressed
themselves so anxiously. Lord FERMOY ob.
served, that he considered that the task of
advocating the employment of their noble
harbour in so useful a manner, had been greatly
lightened by the report of the Parliamentary com•
mittee, which had recommended, in the plainest and
strongest terms, the establishment of a dockyard at
Queenstown. After that decision being arrived at
by the committee, which has so fully entered into
the whole question of our dockyard accommodation,
it is, to say the least of it, very unlikely that the
House of Commons would object to the necessary
rate. Those who know anything of the subject
would not, indeed, be likely to cavil at the selection
of a spot so admirably adapted by nature for the
purpose, while all must admit the desirability of
the establishment of a dock somewhere in the
south of Ireland. Mr. AIAGeTIRE, in giving
a cordial Hibernian welcome to his dis-
tinguished guests, observed that they could
not fail when thus on the spot to appreciate
their noble harbour. "It was," he said, " easy of
access—it was one of the best, if not the best,
places of shelter for the fleet ; and there were times
when 500 vessels, armed and unarmed, found
anchorage within Cork harbour and the tributaries
which enlarged its extent." Of course it was natural
that on such an occasion a little discontent should
be expressed, and the Government were .reminded
that while a million of money had been laid out in
the sister countries not a shilling had reached Cork
harbour. In answer to this the First Lord of the
Admiralty took occasion to remind his Irish friends
that the prosperity of a locality depended on itself, and
was usually the reward of its own enterprise or exer-
tions. Portsmouth, despite Government aid, has never
rivalled Liverpool, where there are no public docks.
The Clyde, too, bore evidence of the same character,
and the noble duke, therefore, warned his hearers
not to hope too much from the erection of Go•
vernment docks in their harbour. These obser-
vations were just and prudent, and were not out
of place when addressed to his sanguine and en-
thusiastic audience, who probably partook of the
Iriohman'a favourite faculty of making theoretical
fortunes, But, however wise in tempering the
eagerness of the citizens of Cork, the Duke of
SOMERSET'S r,,marks do not in the least affect the
general bearing of the question. It is greatly to be
desired, indeed, that the trade of Cork may flourish
and _hat Irishmen derive full profit and advantage
from the construction of the Docks; but, after all,
it is a matter of Imperial rather than of local inte-
rest, and whether or not it fulfils the expectations
formed of it on land, it will still be admirably
adapted for the advantage of our ships. It is well
not to be too careful in regard to expense in mat•
ters of great national imporiance which may be
expected to endure through m (any generations ;
but this is one of those cases in whi,ll2 no artificial
expense will atone for the deficiencies of nature,
and it is surely the height of folly to la,vish the
public money in trying to overcome dittaulties
when such harbours as Milford Haven and Queons-
to wn lie on our own shores.

The trial which took place at Liverpool on
Thursday, relative to the Foreign Enlistment Act,
exhibits the conduct of our Government in a most
unsatisfactory light. There is nothing that wins
admiration and commands respect more than con-
sistency ; but, on 1119 other hand, there is nothing
that alienates confidence and draws down censure
more than uocertain and unfair line of action. The
manner in which the Ministers have acted in respect

to the various questions that have arisen regarding
the American contest has been quite unprecedented.
From the outset of the war they have been unjust
in the extreme to all persons nearly or remotely
connected with the cause of the Confederates, while
on the other side their prejudices and partialities
have been developed in favour of the Federals, It
is a most undignified position for a great country
to assume, thus to sanction such an unworthy
course; but it is still worse to reflect upon that
English subjects should be treated with incon-
sistency, and their rights made subservient to the
fantasias of the authorities who for the time being
mismanage the affairs of the State. Such a course
of proceeding is a perfect mockery of justice, and
cannot but redound to the discredit of all concerned
in the transactions. All that the Attorney-General
for the County Palatine deposed on behalf of the
Crown, might with great force have been applied
to the question relating to the Federal Enlistments
in Ireland, of which no notice is taken, or at least
only sufficient to disarm criticism. When we are
told that the charge is preferred against the pri-
soner by her MAJESTY'S Government from a sense
of duty, because he had been guilty of a trans-
gression of the law, common sense may well inquire
how it is that the same principle does not
actuate and encourage them
to arrest illegal
courses towards the other belligerents engaged
in the contest across the Atlantic. One sentence
of the attorney's is a positive exposition of the pre•
sent state of the case as relates to our position in
respect to American dealings with our subjects.
" No one in the country could be ignorant of the
difficulties which were likely to arise if the Govern-
ment did not hold the scale of neutrality with per-
fect equality." This is perfectly true, But what
can be more clear than that they have not thus ful-
filled their duty, and great difficulties have arisen
in consequence. It is not in a court of law that
such discrepancies can be taken hold of; because
there it is only possible for the judge and jury to
deal with the case immediately under supervision ;
but those who look on and scan the affair from a
distance must be deeply sensible of the egregious
errors of the prosecutors on behalf of the Crown,
and painfully convinced that in this affair the
country reaps no honour, and the subjects of the
realm are imposed on, Is it the way to impress other
States with an impartiality thus to curry favour
with one party in the affray, and to heap insults on
the other. In how many prosecutions regarding
the Confederates have we now been engaged, and
who can point to one prominent case in which the
Crown has appeared against the Federals ? Is it
not monstrous to reflect upon that the havoc
wrought by the agents of the North is depopulating
a neighbouring country under the dominion of the
self-same Crown whose name appears in petty cases
like that of Liverpool, and yet that no steps are
taken of a nature that will stop the sacrifice of life
and arrest the flagrant course pursued. We are
told, indeed, that it is difficult to find out exactly
what is being done_ There are none so blind as
those who will not see, nor so deaf as them who will
not hear, and this must account for the circumstance
that it is impossible to obtain that knowledge in
Ireland which seems to come as a matter of course
in England. It is an evil of the apathy of Parlia.
ment that the Government think they can do as
they like, and proceed from bad to worse in their
conduct in respect to American affairs. No fear of
public opinion appears to deter them in their in.
fatnated and mischievous course ; they follow the
bent of their own inclinations, quite impervious to
criticism and indifferent to reason, It is a sort of
satisfaction, at any rate, to protest against such in-