The Sun.
London, England, 1864-04-23 00:00:00

FRANCE.

BOURSE, April 22.—The market continues firm,
but without any further advance in Rente ; Threes,
for the Account, being unvaried at 67f. 50c. Mobilier
have again improved, and are now quoted at 1,272 r.
50c. Railway market quiet, but firm. The market
left off as follows :

41 per Cents. .. 94 2 Italian Loan 63 80
Do. end month.... Do. end month 6B 70
3 per Cents
Do. end month.... 67 25 Do. end month —
Credit Mobilier.... 1227 50 Russian
Do, end m0nth....12z5 Austrian
Bank Shares 3960 Spanish Threes —
Credit F onmer ....1310 Rome Debt
Roman ... 76 50 J Deferred
RAIL WAYS.

OrleanH
Northern

Cash. Account.
896 25 .. 891 25
975 .. 982 50

New ditto
Lyons and llediturranean 952 50 .. 955
New ditto 9OO ..
Southern 670 .. 670
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
Austrian
Lombard
North of Spain
Saragossa 5BO .. 580
Ditto to Barcelona

Bhakspere's Doctors,

(From to-day's Lancet.)

Six doctors are leprobenzed in Shakspere's
dramas. The allusions to physicians and surgeons
are very frequent, but fi x only actually appear
upon the stage in propria persona.
In the play of " Henry the Eighth" Dr. Butts
appears. This is the only occasion upon which
Shakspere has introduced a physician who had
really figured in history. William Butts, we learn
from Dr. Munk's "Roll of the College of Physi-
cians," was educated at Gonville Hall, Cambridge,
of which he became a Fellow. He was physician
to Henry VIII., and enjoyed his confidence to a re-
markable degree, being knighted by the King
under the title of Sir William Butts, of Norfolk.
Shakspere pictures in a few words the physic;an's
powerfr.l infllence with tha monarch. Cranmer's
enemies at court have contrived that he shall be
kept waiting amidst the servants outside the door
of the council chamber. Butts remarking this, says—
" This is a piece of malice. lam glad
I came this way so happily; the king
Shall understand it presently."
Cranmer, upon this, exclaims—

" 'Tis Butts,
The king's physician : as he passed along,
How earnestly he cast his eyes upon me I
Pray Heaven he sound not my disgrace!"

Dr, Caius, who plays such a prominent part in the
" Merry Wives of Windsor," is described as a French
physician. The character seems to have been de-
vised simply for the sake of the fun which is get
out of the foreigner's broken English. In the whole
play there is scarcely an allusion to the doctor's
profession, and he might for all practical purposes
have belonged to any other. Oar laughter is entirely
directed against the man, i❑ no respect against the
physician.
The poisoned goblet ever accompanies the dagger
as en emblem of the tragic muse. The treacherous
draught has been, from earliest times, employed by
the dramatist as the most terrible of all the means
by which life is taken upon the stage. Shakspere
makes frequent use of this agency. One might be
led to expect that occasions of this nature would
furnish opportunities for the introduction of the
physician into the play ; but, curiously enough,
this only happens once—in the play of " Cymbe-
line." When the Queen is plotting the destruction
of her step-daughter Imogen, she applies to Corne-
lius, her physician, for some poisonous drugs.
The physician cautions an unskilled woman
against experiments which seem to be dictated by
curiosity and can lead to no useful result. Had
not the action of drugs been tested by himself or
some other skilled ob:crver, ho would nit have
been in a position to substitute in safety those he
gave her for the poisonous kinds which she desired,
and Imogen would have perished miserably. He
communicates (to the audience) the reason of his
justifiable deception in the following passage :
"I do not like her. She does think she has
Strange lingering poisons: I do know her spirit,
And will not trust one of her malice with
A drug of such damn'd nature. Those she has
Will stupefy and dull the sense awhile :
Which first, perchance, she'll prove on cats and dogs;
Then afterwards up higher ; but there is
No dangerin what shcw of death it makes,
More than the locking up the spirits a time,
To be more fresh, reviving."

It is interesting to contrast the conduct of Corne-
lius with that of the Apothecary in "Romeo and
Juliet," under somewhat similar circumstance—
" Meagre were his looks,
Sharp misery had worn him to the bones,"

The poor wretch, starving and over-tempted by
Romeo, makes but a brief resistance to the bribe
of forty ducats; but, as he parts with the poison,
there is evidence of a painful struggle in his excla-
mation—

"My poverty, but not my will, coneents I"

Following Dr. Johnson's example, we might here
express a hope that Romeo, were he living now in
London, might find as much trouble in procuring a
dose of poison a 3 he did in Mantua. We fancy,
however, that he would not need either to seek out
a starving drug vendor, or to give him such a sum
as 40 ducate, so much have we improved in these
matters during the last three or four centuries.
Two doctors figure in "Macbeth"—an English-
man and a Scot. The former has very little to do.
He merely describes to Malcolm how the King
(Edward the Confessor) is curing a crowd of per-
sons affected with" the evil" by a touch of his royal
band. The latter has a much more important part.
He is present with a waiting gentlewoman when
Lady Macbeth walks in her sleep. Not a gesture
escapes his attention ; and with judicious care, when
Lady Macbeth speaks, he takes written notes of her
words. He is soon struck by their terrible import.
The physician sees in the condition of mind of his
patient a danger of suicide, and properly takes pre-
cautions against it. To iNhcbetla's inquiry, shortly
afterwards—

" How does your patient, doctor?"
he replies—

" Not so sick, my lord,
As she is troubled with thick coming fancies,
That keep her from her rei,t.
MACB. Cure her of that :

Canst thou not minister to a mind diseased ;
Pluck from the memory a roofed sorrow;
Raze out the written troubles of the brain;
And, with some sweet oblivious antidote,
Cleanse the stuff'd bosom of that perilous stuff
Which weighs upon the heart?
DOCT. Therein the patient

Must minister to himself, -
MACB. Throw physic to the dogs, I'll none of it I"

It is curiously significant of the error often pro-
duced by isolating passages from their context that
this last expression of Macbeth has been interpreted
into a disbelief on Shakspere's part is the power of
medicine ! The question which the remorse-haunted
Thane has addressed to the doctor is evidently in-
tended quite as much on his own account as on that
of his wife; and the reply, shattering the last rem-
nant of hope, fills up the measure of his misery,
and forces from him the cry of impatience.
Not less admirable is the picture of the physician
in " King Lear," It would almost seem, indeed,
that Shakspere had some living representative
in his eye whom he esteemed and wished to
honour when he conceived these two characters, so
much do they resemble one another in the qualities
of judgment and candour. The old king, maddened
for a time by the ingratitude of his daughters, has
roamed about the country, exposed to storm arid
cold. Cordelia, whom he has so wrongly judged
and harshly treated, and who is overflowing with
affection for her father, succeeds in housing him in
the shelter of her camp. In intense anxiety at the
old king's delirium, she addresses herself to the
physician :
" What can man's wisdom
In the restoring his bereaved sense ?
PHYS. There is means, madam ;
Our foster-nurse of nature is repose,
The which he lacks; that to provoke in him
Are many simples operative, whose power
Will close the eye of anguish."
The means employed are successful; after a long
and refreshing sleep the king awakes. Never,
probably, has anything more true and tender been
written than the scene which follows.
The physician's concluding advice is Equally be-
fi ting the circumstances :

" BC comforted, good madam : the great rage,
You see, is killed in him ; and yet it is danger
To take him even o'er the time he has lost.
Duke him to go in : trouble him no more
Till further settling."

Such is a very brief sketch of the medical charac,
tern introduced into hie plays by the great poei
whose tercentenary we celebrate this day.

It should be our especial duty to venerate Shak-
spere, for never have we had so powerful a cham-
pion. His estimation of our art is marked by the
character of the representatives of it which he bi-
traduces. With un worthy examples, doubtless,
before him, which were as open to his ridicule ab
ever were the doctors of his age to Molie re, he never
condescends to picture the class from base and ex-
ceptional models, but draws the character of tee
physician with a liberal and loving hand.
Turee hundred years have passed since then, and
with them great changes have come over the charac-
ter and position of medical men ; but their purpose
in life is still the same, and, mindful of this, they
will treasure in their remembrance his just appre-
ciation of their art—

"Bequeathing it, as a rich legacy,
To all their iseue."

cur.
t
grallOr

HER MAJESTY.

OSBORNE,
The Queen walked and drove in the ground°
yesterday morning and afternoon. 1)
Princess Helena rode on horseback, attended 7
the 'Hon, Emily Cathcart. April 22.

•
SOUTHAMPTON, Wednesday .—His Royal Iligll4
nees Prince Alfred, attended by Major Cowell, Earl GreY's
and Lieut. Haig, embarked from the docks at half-Paost
mter•
this afternoon on board the Royal yacht Fairy,

Commander Welch, BIZ roic'e for Osborne. had
His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge -
a dinner party last evening at Gloucester House, Park'
lane. Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cambridge,
the Grand Duke and Grand Duchess of Mecklenbur'
Strelitz, the Princess Mary, and a distinguished circle were
present.
The Duke of Noweastle was enabled to take a
carriage airing yesterday with the Countess of Lincoln. III:
grace's health has wonderfully improved during the 185
ten days.
The Duchess of Marlborough has issued cards fer
an assembly on the 12th of May, at her grace's residence
in St. James's-square. cp
His Excellency the Count Kleczkowski, Frent
Ambassador at Pekin, with the Countess Kleczkowski
Tudor) and family, have left the Brunswick Hotel, Jerra/w
street, for Paris.
His Excellency M. Armand L. do Balan, Pleni:
potentiary at the Conference, has arrived at Maurigf"
Hotel, accompanied by his suite, from Berlin.
Viscount and Viscountess Daneraile have arrived
for the season at 20, Hertford-street, from Lincolnshire. a
The marriage of Prince Augustus of Sweden en
Norway, Duke of Dalecarlia, with the Princess of Sase;
Altenburg, took place on the evening of the 16th bast.
the Altenburg Palace.
ONE OF MR. AUGUSTUS BOUVIER'S ChaTll3l
pictures, in the collection now on view at 53, Pall'it
(" The Caryan Slave "), bas recently been purchased
her most gracious Majesty the Queen.

Rondeau sur Shakspere,

25 AVRIL, 1861.
Cest un dtvoir de celebrer Shakspere,
De presenter et I'encens et la myrrhe
Au noble autenr qui nous dota d'Hamlet,
Da Romeo, d'un thel re complet
Qua l'univers depuis longtemps admire.
C'est un devoir—qui peut me contredire ?
Pour qui du beau se soumet a ['empire,
De rendre hommage a talent si parfait.
C'est un devoir !
Voila pourquoi je m'empresse de dire :
Au demi•dieu qui fit vibrer la lyre
Si cta.nement, avec si grand effet,
Honneur et gloire . . . et j'incrusto le fait
Dans ce rondeau que pour lui viens d'ecrire.
C'est un
LE CHEVALIER DE CHATELSIS.

• tit
The fifth number of the Autographic illirrorOu t
published, is peculiarly interesting, as it contains an el°,,c,
copy of Shakspera's will and lac similes of all his autograph
taken from official documents.
The Tercententary number of Punch is sta°ll7,
the best literary productions in honour of the ShaksPer'-

Festival now in progress of celebration.
SITE FOR THE SHARSPERE MEmoRTAL.-1P ire
glad to hear it rumoured that the Beuchers conte".
plate the erection of a commemorative bronzo statue >3
Shakspere on that part of the Thames Embankment v"P-6
will abut upon the present river frontage of the gar
A more appropriate site could not be fixed upon in L°O"A-Ig.
The Gardens are the scene of the assumption of the "" d
tinctive badges of the White and Red Rose of York (41.
Lancaster in the first part of " Henry VIA" (°ll.'
Scene 4)—

" This brawl to-day,
Grown to this faction in the Temple Gardens,
Shall send, between the red rose and the white,
A thousand souls to death and deadly night ;"
to remind one of which, now that the smoke nuisance "(
abated, there the white an-I red roses flourish again f°lo
yore in the days of the Plantagenets. It is within "to
more than a stone's throw of Playhouse-yard, close
Apothecaries' Hall, which marks the site of the Blecl%
friars Theatre, of which Slaakspere was, according to t-
Ellesmere papers, if we receive them as genuine, part pro'
prietor, and, at all events, for which he wrote some of 16
„
plays, in which he himself acted. At Bankside, tmi:
other side of the river, stood the Globe Theatre, at
most of bis plays wet e performed, under his own niece,
ment, the site of which adjoined Globe. Alley, which 11'
been swallowed up by the ample range of buildings forming
the celebrated brewhouse of Messrs. Barclay, Perki es,

Co.—the Reader.
PUBLIC MEMORIALS TO SHAKSPERE.--The Bri°
tie!' Institution has on its front a large bas-relief bi
Thomas Banks, R.A., which cost 500 guineas, representiao
Shakspere between Poetry and Painting—Aoide, withtilt
double mask of Tragedy and Comedy, instructing the Pee„of
whilst Painting, looking towards the spectator, introdu;t
him to more ex ended notice by the sister art. Vile' 0
present, is the only outdoor monument to ShaksPereri
the metropolis, and owed its erection to 6 Pi:
vate mercantile speculation, During this Teree;
tentary week it may not be out of pie' of
mention that three other public memorials
Shakspere are to be seen in London—the first of ti1:110
being Roubiliac's statue of the poet, in the Hull of no
British Museum, on the left of the British Museutof,;)
the left of the entrance to the Grenville Library, vAir
was executed for Garrick at a cost of three 11'113%-ecf
guineas, and bequeathed by him to the nation ; the see°-,e;
the somewhat undignified statue by Kent in Weal:allied,'
Abbey ; and the third, the Chandos portrait of Shagge—he
which had belonged to Davenant the poet, Bettertou r-ht.
actor, and Mrs. Barry the actress, and which was boa;
at the Stowe sale in 1848 by Lord Ellesmere for
hundred and fitty-five guineas, and has since been Pr-;
seated by him to the National Portrait Gallery, open eCe-
r
day during the present week.—. The Reader.
SHAKSPERE 111EDAL.--A medal, which Was al,e:
signed by Mr. John Bell, and engraved by
C. `Won, has been produced by Messrs. Hunt and Ros'-og,'
to commemorate the tercentenary of our great peer' by e
the obverse is a profile head of Shakspere, surrounded
e
"glory" of his own works, the likeness being chiefly ret;c,
from the Stratford bust and Chandos portrait.
simile of the autograph, beneath the head, is encircicula,
a wreath of wild flowers, such as primrose, cowslip, 11100
rose (in which " a bee sucks"), honeysuckle, SO* ;4,51
larger bindweed twining round a magician's wand d
or witch-elm. On the reverse is an apotheosis of the 00
centenary. The last two centuries have already laictgeat
wreaths on the scroll on the poet's knee, while the Pre-

century is in the act of crowning him.
ELIZA COOK, after a long absence from litel.vittntirde;
cornea before the public again this day with ao
written for the occasion of the " Working Men's
spere Celebration, and planting of an Oak on Primrool9;tici
to the Poet's Memory." Russell-square is the spot self
for the meeting of the Ancient Order of Foresters and °,,E..116
similar societies, accompanied by the Havelock one
Volunteers, under Colonel George Cruikshank,
o'clock. The ceremonial itself will take place at two da;ci.;
i
and the sapling, from Windsor, is to be planted, vieavit
by the hand of Mr. Phelps. In the evening the " vrert";
men" will attend a grand musical and dramatic eht'l
meat at the Islington Agricultural Hall.—fhe Reads
etir
LA NDSEER'S NELSON'S LIONS.—Are -
nearer the final payment to the memory of Nej j cia
than in July last, when a spasmodic effort was made
'
fanfare announced that one lion had been modelled 0 are
as an instalment towards completing the four that
wanted in bronze? Has Sir Edwin Landseer eooPle,l;triV
his studies in the Zoological Gardens, are all the liens
establishment dissected and done with, and no satisfae."o
results expected ero the coming of a fresh batch or Prideolel
lions," as the hunting-books have it. If the latt is ilia
ease, let us send for a legion of lions; our gallant tillY'
proprietor of that great lion-walk, Algeria, would 1)00-it
too happy to supply the tardy sculptor with lions, ae'oho
Edwin may taste the delight of the Assyrian Iting6.,BV
kept a Paradise wherein to enjoy lion battues before DL"hio
fast. Who would envy him the sports ? who begrudge
the beasts ? Nobody envies Sir E.,iwin Landseer the Oel-s4'
eior., of aught so much as the sole and unrestricted Pr.ooo
lege he enjoys of seeing in his mind's eye the
statues that will some day render Tratalgar-ecluers,,,C°oo.
able. Let it not be to:gotten that we expect to he-frota
distinct and original lions, wholly differing in ckeigil, oito
each other; not a mere repetition of the same aniille"
the position of his head and tail slightly altered, 10
art
hint look, to the thoughtless, another beast. Aleder3ir
deals too freely in machine repetitions for a melt
like Sro'
Landseer to omit the opportunity he has of enterlig 3 0,6
test against the practice, and, at the same time, 101'°:fotir
Nelson ungrudgingly. The great Admiral gave u
on
original victories : let us give him—ntoney not Of'
object for our consideration—four original lions.
ultsr,
We are desired by Messrs. Herries,. Fog
and Co., to give the most unqualified contradievro,
to the unjustifiable report inserted in this morning's dap re'
templation, no
sethativeasna
namalgamationßank.isabout
Thereto take
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d
13ileeenre,
everan y
bseuecnhthame asllgigahmtaestitoncoitunractionnicati
pleaarsttiefsouabnodvaationr
foerd;uncognryepootrhte.r which could afford tt's
on between tP