The Sun.
London, England, 1852-06-03 00:00:00

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 3. 1852

be the case in more cultivated regions, is not likely to
be taken up by private speculators. Neither is it to
be expected that the entire coat would be incurred by
Government. A considerable period would of neces-
sity elapse before the traffic could become sufficiently

extensive to yield a return for the outlay of
capital. In the meantime the measure could
only be regarded, not in the light of a
pecuniary speculation, but as a political
attempt to improve the social position of a hitherto
neglected and wretched district. Such an attempt
would be eminently worthy of Government, but the
impetus should emanate from, as well as a cordial co-
operation be afforded by, the great landed proprietors,
wbo derivq their wealth from the extreme poverty of
their dependants. They it is who are the natural
guardians of a poverty-stricken population, and it is
their bounden duty to foster the interests of those
humble and attached friends by whom they are sur-
rounded, performing their duties as " trustees of land
for the behoof of the people," and abandon-
ing that apathy which has freezingly retarded
the advance in social comfort of the
whole population of the Western Highlands.
A speedy wholesale revolution in the proprietorship
of land is probably after all the sole effectual remedy
for the unfortunate state of things there. Emigra-
tion is of course a great relief but not a radical cure
in such an exigency. " Emigration can enly be a
temporary alleviation of the injurious effects of a
redundant population. The population of the
Western Highlands is not redundant, but the,reverse.
To be efficacious to any community it is necessary
that those left behind have ample means of employ-
ment. What beneficial effects can emigration in-
duce to an agricultural district of country where
there is neither capital nor energy amongst
any class to carry on any settled course of
industry whatever ? To be of use in pro-
moting the effect intended, there must of ne-
cessity be an emigration of landlords as well as of
people. The miseries of the latter are so unquestion-
ably the result of the mismanagement of the former
that the mere removal of the minor evil, while the
greater is allowed to exist, can only serve to coun
tenance and perpetuate a system which an examina
tion into facts demonstrates to be barbarous."

THE QUEEN OF THE SOUTH.
We some time back gave an account of the trial
trip of the General,Screw Steam-ship Company's
new vessel the Queen of the South to the Nore Light,
which proved highly satisfactory, during which she
attained an average speed of ten and a half miles per
hour. Nye have since personally inspected her in the
East India Docks, when, through the courtesy of Mr.
Ford, the superintendent of the company, and Capt.
Hyde, her commander, from whom we received every
attention, we were enabled minutely to inspect the
various arrangements for the comfort of the passen-
gers. In our former notice we described fully the
dimensions of this splendid steamer, we will there
fore only mention a few particulars which the Captain
kindly furnished us witb, and those which we our-
selves observed. She was built by Messrs. Mare
and Co., and is a very fine specimen of
iron shipbuilding. She is divided into
seven watertight and fire-proof compartments, an
unu,ullly large number, which must prove a great
security in case of accidents similar to those of the
Amazon or Birkenhead. Had the Birkenhead been
similarly con-trucced, it is probable that, the damage
being confined to a smaller space, the ship might still
have floated, and so great a loss of human lite pre-
vented. Her engines, which are of 300 horse power,
were constructed by .llaudslay, and are on the direct
action principle, by which means the shaft of the
screw is brought into direct connection with the
.
engines, whereby a great reduction is made the
complication and space occupied by the machinery,
which, by this contrivance, is almost entirely
below the water line. Her small horse power,
which is but, three hundred, enables her
owing to the consequent economy of fuel, to continue
under steam for a longer period than would other-
wise be the case.

The following are a few particulars which we
received from Mr. Ryder, her chief engineer :
Diameter of cylinder, 55 inches ; length of screw-
shaft, 23 feet 6 inches ; pitch of screw, 17 feet.
Several important improvements have been made in
thT. machinery, which we stated in our impression of
the 17th ult.

The Queen of the South is fitted up with
every possible care and attention to the comforts of
passengers ; she has accommodation for 130 ; is
lofty between decks ; can stow 600 tons of coal,
and 800 tons of cargo. She is a remarkably fine
vessel of upwards of 1,800 tons. Her bulwarks are
remarkably high, and slant inwards, affording thus
convenient protection to the passengers during bad
weather. She will sail on the 10th instant for Ply-
mouth, from which port she will take her final de-
parture for the Cape on the 15th : and, in fine, we
return Captain Hyde our thanks for his politeness
and attention ; and wish him and his passengers a
prosperous and pleasant voyage.

THE Auzer.—We understand that orders have been
issued for the 40th Regiment to prepare for embarkation
from Cork for Australia, and that in consequence the 15th
will remain at Ceylon, and the 59th at Hong-Kong, it having
China, tad the 59th to AvistraliA.
arranged that the Isth should proceed to
been previously

serious social drag on those other portions of our
empire, where a population possessing the essential
requirements of cisilizstion support,
,by a well-
direc'ed industry, the dignity and honour of a great
national name." And it is observable, that in the
Northern Highlands, Ross, Sutherland, and Inver-
ness, where the Celt is considerably modified by a
Scandinavian or Saxon admixture, no such appalling
distress is to be beard of as that witnessed in
the west. But the grand root of the evil
is to be found in the policy, or rather
want of policy, of the landed .proprietors.
That class have, through a long and steady course of
bad management, brought themselves to pretty much
the same pass as the Irish landlords. It is a fact that
the landed property in the Highlands is at the
present moment burdened to the extent of upwards
of 75 per cent—the average amount of burden over
the whole of Ireland prior to the operation of the
Encumbered Estates Act. It is manifestly impos-
sible that men mortgaged and encumbered cbin- deep
can, even with the best intention, aid or assist, them-
selves impoverished, their impoverished tenantry and
dependants. The landlord cannot, in self-defence, with
a fearful amount of yearly interest gnawing at his vitals,
afford to make a remission of rent in bad years. He
cannot in this manner supply the tenant with capital to
enable him to use those proper and necessary ap-
pliances for the requisite cultivation of the soil.
" Necessity on the part of the landlord to keep up
his annual interest, forces him to exact the
pound of flesh from the tenant, and from a certain
peculiar attachment which the Celtic people, beyond
any other, seem to have for the soil of their birth,
they are induced, year after year, to submit to the
hard terms, rather than remove to some other lo-
cality, where, possibly, a new mode of industry might
be opened up for them." But, as in this unnatural
state of things, matters must be becoming daily
worse, the unhappy tenant, before any great distance
of time, goes to utter ruin. Would not, then, the
adoption of such a measure as is in Ireland, rescuing
properties from the impotent hands of over-involved
proprietors, introduce a new class of landlords, and so
tend to effect that infusion of Anglo-Saxon blood,
under whose influence the capabilities of those dis-
tricts would receive a sure development ? The in-
gress of capitalists being thus facilitated to the
Western Highlands, employment would be afforded
to the resident natives, and encouragement would be
given, by the demand for labour, for the settlement of
lowland labourers among them also. Thus would the
commencement of mixture of blood be established,
and in a generation or two we might expect to see a
people arise combining the best qualities of the two
races, and much of the misery of an interesting por-
tion of the empire become a matter of tradition.
The great territorial noblemen, who are still men
of wealth, are likewise reprehensible for a proper
want of public spirit and regard to their dependants'
interests, and to which is to be mainly attributed the
inattention on the part of the Imperial Government
to assist by legislation the development of the natural
resources of this portion of the kingdom. There
could be nothing better calculated to improve the
industrial capabilities of the Highlands than bringing
the Lowlands into prompt and easy communication
with the principal highland towns—and those
industrial capabilities are very great ; for in-
stance, the establishment of railway communication
from Oban to Glasgow would be the means of con-
veying every species of industrial produce from the
remotest quarter of the Highlands to the Lowlands,
in the space of four hours, the line passing through
districts susceptible of the greatest possible improve-
ment. Yet it is 'evident that a scheme necessarily
promising a remuneration more remote than would

THE FRENCH REPUBL

We have received the Paris pap-ra of yesterday.
There is a long article in the Pays on the Bill for
preventing the agglomeration of dangerous characters
m Paris and Lyons. The Pays expresses a fear that,
if this Bill were to be adopted in its present shape, it
might lead to consequences injurious to natural rights,
and which are not in the intention of the framers,
but it admits to the fullest extent the necessity of
legislation on the subject, and recommends modifica-
tions of the measure with the view of rendering it
conclusive as well as just. It says in conclusion
The example of England, pointing to in the expose
des motifs, appears to us to offer a system capable of
satisfying at the same time the wants of society and
the rights of justice. The Act of George IV., therein
mentioned, gives the constable the power of arrest-
ing, without any previous order or warrant, every
idle or disorderly person who disturbs the public peace,
or who is suspected of evil designs. as well as every in-
dividual found from sunset to eight in the morning
lying down, or wandering about, on the public way, and
not able to give a satisfactory ,account of himself. All
these facts are subject to penalties which the magistrate
can apply. Why should not the same system be adopted
in FruncP? There would no doubt be an additional
category of offences in oar laws, but social interest
would be safeguarded as it deserves to be without the
principle of the separation of the powers being compro-
mised. Such a course would constitute a compromise
alike feasible, Efficient,
and usefu 1 to public safety, and
to the liberty of each; and which, in our opinion,
would above all have the great advantage of taking
away from the intended measure, in the eyes of the
public, the character of a measure exclusively poli-
tical."

The PRINCE PRESIDENT will, it is said, take up his
residence at St. Cloud almost immediately, and will
remain there until his journey to the South. The
receptions and Cabinet councils will be held at the
Tuileries.

M. DE PERSIGNY, the Minister of the Interior, is
about to take a leave of absence of ten days. M.
LEFEBVRE-DURIIFLE, the Minister of Public Works,
will, by decree of the PRINCE PRESIDENT, dated
yesterday, Carry on the business of his department in
his absence. M
DE PERSIGNY has left Paris for Fon-
tainebleau.
M. FRANCOIS CHANIBOLLE, son of the ex-repre-
sentative, has addressed a letter to the journals con-
tradicting a report that his father was about to publish
an Oriental journal at Genoa in conjunction with M.
MARTINET. He states that his father is not at
Genoa, and that he had'no intention of having any-
thing to do with any journal, and that he believes
the report is equally unfounded with regard to M.
MARTINET.
General Count DE GoxoN has recently pardoned,
in the name of the PRINCE PRESIDENT, seven per-
sons in the department of the Loire who had been
condemned by the mixed commission to transports.
Lion to Algeria, or to be sent out of the department.
He has commuted the punishment of eight others.
The file of the distribution of the eagles to the
different regiments in garrison at Lyons took place
OD Monday and yesterday. General DE CASTELLANE
reviewed the troops, and in presenting the eagles to
the regiments delivered an appropriate address, which
Was received with loud marks of enthusiasm towards
the PRINCE PRESIDENT and his government. There
was a tilting match given at the Hippodrome by the
Dragoons and the Cuirassiers, with various other
amusements, and in the evening of yesterday there
was to be a grand ball, and a part of the city illu-
minated.
The Gazette du Midi says, it is positively assorted
that Mme. LAFARGE has had the remainder of her
sentence remitted, and that the Prefect of the Bouches-
du-Rhone had given orders for her immediate re-
lease.

The Bourse was animated, but prices were not so firm
at the close of business. The Four-and-a-Half per Cents.
opened at 100 f. 10c., and closed at 991. 90c. for the end
02t5t1 ;he month; the Three per Cents. closed at 71f. 90c.;
Orleans RAilway Shares, 1,210 f. ; Rouen, 8001.;
Havre, 293 f. 75c.; Great Northern, 600 f.; Avig-
non. 350 f.; Vierzon, 6021. 50c.; Basle, 245 f.; Bordeaux,
6
Paris and Strasburg, 5701.; Tours and Nantes,
373 f 75c.; Paris and Lyons, 621 f. 25e.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Ju 2.
Charleroi and Erquelines, 14%—Grand Junction of France,
.1,1% —Luxembourg, 334—Namur and Liege, 6—Northern of
France, 2314—Ditto, 20/. 3 per Cent. Bonds (formerly
Boulogne and Amiens shares), 133/4—Orleans and Bordeaux,
155/8 ex d.—Paris and Lyons, 10%—Paris and Rouen, 31
—Western of France, 7:1.i •

30 -31
29 -80

29% - 80%
28% - 29%
18% - 19
45 -47

SG% -86%

4%- 5%P

111 - 113
55% - 56%
26 -27
[03% -.10414
12% - mix
25% -- 24;

17 _lB

,-; - •••
ut -63

... - ... p

2334 - 24%
9% -9%

1 3,1 - 1

so Z 1634

~io9 : o:

41%
16% 17

31'
5% Ys

.

20% 14

39.5 i I,‘
92% %

723 71A

105% 105
122% 122 %%%
[122

92 91%

82% lA

[68% 67%
168 67% 68%, 67 /a

11%%
6%

7% Y 4 %
35,fi

36%

104 li

21%

3054

~;ousole
Ditto Account, June 9

lot 3003

~ ~.

PORMIGN.

Business done
Railways. Nomint 1 Price.. today.
Cent. France (0 V.) all 23 % - 23%
Charl. & Erquei all pdl 14 -16
Demerara all . -•3 dis.
Dutch Rhenish .8/. pd .3
Y 8
East Indian 181. pd .4
% 4% P
Do. Do. ~ 201. pd . -
GL Indian Penin. all p %-1 js p
Do. Do 494 pd 1 - P
Grnd. June. of Fra. 4 pd -
Louv. ala Satnbre . . -
Luxembourg l3/. pd .4% -
Do. (Railway)lol. pd -
Do. .- .... . ...... 1/. pd % - %
15
Do. (Canal) ...2z. pd % - %
Maria Antonia 27i pd 8 -10
Do. New . . B% pd . . -
Namur & Liege all pd *6
-8%
North. of France,l6/.pd 231% - 23% 2394 %
Do. 20/. 3p. c. Bds, all p 13% -14
Orleans & Bor 111. pd -4% p x.d 15% x.d
Paris & Lyons -.6/. pd - 4Va p 10% %
Paris & Orleans all pd 47 -49
Paris & Rouen ...all pd 31 - 31%
Paris & Stras. ...all pd 2294 - 22% 22%
Rouen & Havre...all pd 11% - 11% 11% %
Sambre &Meuse all pd 4% - 5
St. Andrew's & Quebec
(A) 4/. pd -
Tours & Nantes 17/. pd - 5 %dia. x.d 11%
IVes of France
tFlarider3.
6. pd ..8341pd
MINES.
-Es 1 p -3,1 x.d
West.
Agua Fria all pd is - % p %
Anglo-Californian, all p % - p '%
Asturian 151. p -
Australasian 2/. pd 3% - 1 p
Australian Si. pd % -
Austr. Freehold all pd % - dis. 94
Ave Maria all pd 1/2 - % dis.
Blaenarvon I. & C. all p -
Brit. Austr. Gold all pd % - % dis. 34
British Iron 13/. 15s. p . . -
Braz. Im. (is. sp) 2434 1% - 2
Do. Coca. & CUJ. all p -
Do. St. Joh. del R. 15/.
Carson's Creek all pd par - %
Cobra Copper ...401. pd 33%
Colonial Gold 11 pd par - % p
Copiapo 141 pd .
Eng. &Aust. Cop. all p - 1 dis.
General all pd -
Gold Mountain all pd % - % dis.
Great Polgooth all pd - p 3A
Lake Bathurst all pd % - % dis.
Lon. & Cal. Gld Quartz
Crushing Corn-all pd
Mexi. &S. Amer. 9/. p - .
New Granada all pd %- % dis.
Nouveau Monde, all pd %dis. - par 1
Port Philip l/. pd' par -
Quartz Rock all pd % - % dis.
Santiago de Cuba 10% - 10%
South Australian, 1 pd %dis. - par
Tin Croft 7/. pd 11 - 11%
United Mexican all pd 2 - 2 %
West Mariposa all pd %- % dis
Liberty, 1%.
JOINT-STOOK BANES.
Australasia all
56
d 45% -46
Brit. Nth. Amer. all pdp 55 - % „46
Colonial ......... 25/. pd 13% - 14%
Com. of London 20/. pd 25 - 26%
Lon. & County 201. pd -
London Jt. Stk. 10/. pd 18 -183/_1894
Lon. & Westin. 20/. pd 28% - 29% 30
Nat. Prov, Eng. 35/. pd
Do. New
~101. pd - - . .
Nat. of Ireland... 221/$ . p 34 - 20.
Orient. Bk. Corp. all pd 34 -36 36%
Prov. of Ireland 25l pd. 441,E - 45%
Do. New ....... all pd 167/8 - 17%
Union of Austral. all pd 42% - 43%
Do. New ..... 2% pd 3 -3%
Union of London 10/. p 15 -16%
Union of Madrid all pd
MISCELLANEOUS.
Austral. Roy Mail 2 2- 2% 2
Canada .. . .....
.. 32% pd 48 - 49%
Eastern Steam.. 2s. pd ... -
Gen. Stm. Nay. 14/. pd 28% -29
Gen. Screw Steam Ship-
ping Company 501_ p -
Irish Beetroot Sug. 2 p 2 -23 A
Penin. & Or. St. all pd 82% -83 84
Do. Do. _l5l. pd 34% -35
Royal Mail Stm. 60/. pd 7794 - 78% 77% %
Universal Emigration
and Colonization, 2/. p

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
CITY, O'CLOCK
The sales of cotton at LiverpooTWO
l, yesterday, were esti-
mated at 8,000 bales, of which 500 American and 500
Surat were taken for export, and 100 American on
speculation. The market closed very firmly with prices
of all kinds l -16 d. per lb. dearer. The sales comprised
6,000 American, 400 Pernam and Maranham at 54c1. to
600 Egyptian at 6id. to Bd., and 1,000 Surat at 3d.
to 4id. per lb.—Railway Shares were dull at rather
lower prices.
In reporting upon the state of the Indigo and dry-
saltery, as well as the general markets, during the past
month, Messrs. Wilkinson and Jewabury remark that
there has been considerable activity and that advanced
prices have been readily obtained. The Continental de-
mand has been good. As to the stocks they have been
increased by large arrivals.
The six weeks' average price of Wheat is 40s. Bd. per
quarter, and the last week's sales officially returned were
90,158 quarters.
Now shipping is being so freely taken up for Autra-
lian emigration, statistics bearing upon the probable
supply of vessels are interesting. It has long been
stated that a large number of vessels have lain idle at
Sail Francisco, owing to the desertion of crews, but
as the excitement wears off, the seamen evince less dis-
position to abandon their favourite occupation, and those
who have made money at the "di, gins" are anxious to
work their way back. In this case we may assume that the
number of ships in California is much smaller than it was.
Another matter, however, that has to be considered is,
whether craft of a very inferior class was not sent to
San Franoisco upon the assumption that they would have
to be left to rot there, and if this be so, they are
not fit for the conveyance of emigrants. Inquiry
and experience alike tend to satisfy us that there will
be plenty of vessels available, and although the owners
and brokers witl naturally exert themselves to make
hay while the sun shines," and push up their charges as
much as possible, competition will prevent any serious
hindrance to emigration. The Government agent at the
port of London has his hands full, and among
recent examples of his vigilance, we are pleased to re-
cord tee fact of port-holes having been ordered to be cut
in a first-class clipper vessel, adapted perhaps more for
speed than passenger accommodation. In corroboration
of the view we take that ships are getting away from
California, we may call attention to the subjoined table
of the commerce of San Francisco during January,
February, and March, which showe more departures
than arrivals, especially of United States' vessels:—
No. of No. No. of No.
Arrived. Vessels. Tons. Departed. Vessels. Tons.
British
French
Dutch ...... 4 2,315 Dutch ...... 3 724
Hamburgh 5 1,233 Hamburgh ..... 1 278
Bremen
Sardinian
Prussian 1 492 Swedish
Dsnish 2 318 Danish
Chiiian
Brazilian
Peruvian... 1 190 Hawaiain
Mexican ..... 10 1,459
Hawaiain ...... 6 759 Total foreign
- American

Total foreign 75 23,862
American

I Total
I, The Englibh Stock Mat ket has been extremely firm,
although there is scarcely any speculation. The know-
ledge that there are orders to buy for investment when-
ever the market recedes necessarily keeps up the
values. The Bank of England has not yet inti-
mated that it will lend on stock, aed Ex-
chequer-bills on lower terms than heretofore,
but it is considered that few persons will be content
with the present abundance of cash to give more
than li per cent. Consols have been 100 f i for
Transfer, and are 1001 for the July Account. Bank
Stock is worth 2214 ; and South Sea Stock
1121. Exchequer-bills of March are 795. prtmium.
Foreign Securities are very quiet. Mexican Old
Bonds-are 31i t and the New 241 to 2. Brazilian Old
Stock is at 100 f. Austrian Sorip is quoted i premium.
Spanish New Deferred Bonds are 21i i, and the Three
per Cents. 47i to 48. Venezuela Bonds, are at 39f to
40f. Dutch Two•and-a-Half per Cents. are 62 to i.
Railway Shares are all better, and the Gold Mines are
steady.
this dThe
ay, last wee
round figures as under:_
P
NGreat Western:... 1852. 1851............. 19 522 2,251
orth-Western ................ 49 .£
143 530
,053
South-Western....,
Brighton (Epsom) .
........................ .£.
12,879 12,876
Midland ..............13,875 10,008
tiouth-Etsiern
.......................... 22,289
.
20,892
13,376 13,780
North 5ch..4%.,;.rei
.............. ' ......
....... . 4,947
Caledonian ' ...........
7,717
an ........................ 8.478
4 910
Great Northern
Lancashire and Y., rkbhire
15,403
York and North Midland 7 359 7.081
Newcastle and Berwick
QUA UT"? 11)100Til R-EB•1
100*

tKICKS OF it to.ritm FUNDONY;
O'CLOCK.
Mink iSt4;Ch. .. ~ ....... 221%
3 :'. Cent- Reduced .4nna, ...... ..... 993/ Ve
a oar Cent. Console Ann uitiee.. ...... 100% %
New 3i per Cent. Anna , .. . ...... 102%
or tz Anne. to mxpire Jan. 1860 ... 6743
South Sea Stock ... . . ............... 112;fi
Ooiole ior Account . ...... ... 1005/8
x
,zohequer Sills. 150. March.
1,0001. ..
5001. ... 79 81 p

PRICES OF EGERTON FITNDt.,
Austrian, 5 per Cent .........
186.. ..... 100%
••
Ditto, Scrip
...... 104
Dittßon 5 per Cent. % P
o, Near, 1829 and
Milian Bonds 6 per Cent ••• 9914
gquador Bonds .
..
5 '..
Ditto, Accounten . 18 -
...-
Ditto, 3 per ...........
Por••• ........... 5
,-5-7 9 per cemc ........ 98% 99%

ONE
1-oCLocit,

v:L081-),0
purcus
222
99%
100%
102%
CYB
112%
100%
June. i

CLOSING
PRICES.

1 p
00
99%
101