The Sun.
London, England, 1852-04-08 00:00:00

THE SUN,

division of labour in the manifold offices of adminis-
tration. The reiionsibilities of Government being
diffused among Secretaries of State and other officials
of an influential character, are not, of course, so
intimately affected en these occasicns as when
they are concentrated in a single grasp--which
grasp becomes abruptly relaxed by dissolution. Here,
nevertheless, es we have already intimated, the
prompt exercise of the unrestricted powers of
tyranny comes to the rescue of the State with a re-
solute hand and an iron will. A
single decree, or
ukase, or pronunciamento is sufficient to bind toge-
ther again all the reins of authority which, for the
moment, had become loosened. sNlinisterially (as of
yore royally from the Palace windows of the Tui-
leries) it is still—" The King is dead I long live the
King !" The Minister is dead! long live the Minister !
Whoever may be the successor of SCHWARZENBERG,
it is tolerably certain that, like that eminent adminis-
trator, he will still continue to he influenced in the
conduct of his policy by the antecedents, and it may
be also by the secret advice of the veteran—we
cannot by any po.,sibility say Nenerable—Prince
Mserreassicu, secluded as that political octo-
genarian is at his residence among the vine-
yards of Johanisberg. That the departed chief
of the Vienna Cabinet was guided in a very
great measure by the examp:e, and, as many have sur-
mised also, the direct or indirect councils of his pre-
decessor, was sufficiently maeiiest, we conceive, from
the extraordinary resemblance, we might even say the
actual identity, of their systems of carrying on the go-
vernment. Thfore applying himself to the study of
statecraft he had almost exclusively dissipated his ener-
gies in the delights of frivolous amusements, occasion-
ally, it is true, participating in the duties of
a military career, in which he rose to the
dignity of Lieutenant Field-Marshal in the Imperial
forces, having served, and not without credit to him-
self, in Lombardy, under the orders of the brave old
RADETZKY. Besides these duties, SCHWARZENBERG
had filled others of a very different nature, inasmuch
as he was Austrian Ambassador at Turin, and subse-
quently at Naples, where he was still exercising di-
plomatic functions in the March of 1848, a month
rendered memorable by the outbresk of the revolu-
tion. Sum:Loned to the helm of the Government at
a moment when the vessel of the state appeared to be
foundering in the midst of democratic storms and
insurrectionary darkness, SCHWARZENBFRG for the
first time displayed those administrative energies
which had been long dormant, and which speedily de-
clared him to be in ability the not unworthy succes-
sor of Prince METTERNICH. Between the downfal
of METTERNICH and the rise of SCHWARZENBERG a
variety of Ministerial changes had taken place
at Vienna—each successive appointment prov-
ing, if possible, only more and more disas-
trous in its consequences. FICQUELMOST showed
nimself as incapable of conducting the toils of ad-
ministration as WINDISCHGRATZ bad shown himself
incapable of struggling In the field of battle against the
prowess of the heroic Hungarians. WESSENBERG
displayed yet more apparently his incapacity as
of despair
leader of the Government. And it was in a
kind
of discovering any man able
to cope with the political difficulties at Vienna
as vigorously as RADETZKY had struggled
with and ultimately conquered the military
difficulties in Lombardy, that SCIIWS.RZENBERG
iwnucadsaetdltst sent for from the Court of Naples, and
in =pile of the perils of the position, to as-
sume the supreme administrative pest as leader of the
Austrian Government. Since the moment of his ele-
vation to that dangerous altitude, on the 21.$t of
November, 1848, he has preserved the power of his
imperial master intact, grasping the reins of office
with a firm hand until the hour of his death by apo-
plexy. By his capacity, therefore, he has earned a
right to admiration ; while by the rigour of his
policy, by the cruelty of his acts, and among these,
more especially by the ever-execrable murder of
Count Louis BATTIIYANI, he has given cause to the
races of Christendom to regard his name with exe-
cration.

There is at this moment no property or income-
tax. The unequal and oppressive impost expired on
Monday last. Had it been more fairly and equitably
assessed it would probably have been regarded as one
of the best modes of collecting a large proportion of
the public revenue, but as it was actually apportioned
it could only be viewed as cne of the MC3t stupendous
monuments of national injustice ever perpetrated.
The evils of class legislation were never more power-
fully illustrated than under that iniquitous law which
was permitted to encumber the national statute-book
for ten 3 ears without modification or alteration
lenumerable complaints were from time to time put
forward, but these were directed against the details,
rather then the principle of the measure. The commu-
nity was favourable to direct taxation. There would
have been no objection to even a much higher charge
than sevenpence in the pound on accumulated and
realized property, provided that equivalent reductions
were made on other more obnoxious charges. But a
deep and burning sense of injustice was felt by those
who earned their daily bread by physical or intellec-
tual labour, and who naturally complained of
the hardship of being charged as highly as
those who had a far greater command over the
necessaries and luxuries of life than themselves, no
allowance whatever being made for the precarious
and fluctuating nature of their resources, or fur the
nec.ssity of providing for any casualties that might
arise in the way of death, want of employment, or
mental or bodily incapacity.
Unfortunately the late CHANCELLOR of the Ex-
cm:ewe:it, with that reculinr intellectual obliquity
for which he rendered himself so painfully conspicu-
ous, could not, or more probably would not under-
stand the real cause of the general outcry. Although
his attention was repeatedly directed to the subject,
he continued, with a strange perversity, to as-
cribe every objection made to the apportion-
ment under Schedules D and E to a dislike
to the entire code. He would sanction no amendment;
it should
of
be accepted
thewila all its defects, or rejected
in Coto. This was one of the chief causes of the over-
throw late
incurred Government, and the almost un-
paralleled om
other matters contributed to increase the effect, but
we believe there can be but little doubt that the con-
ductot of r
prominent
neeun At ap
stisitiiB:::2soinop, in reference to the pro-
pertym and incomeqax, occupied one o`; if not the
Crises of 1851 and
from this burden producingp the Ministerial
We cannot, how * h
Dattaluiaovilrnhe.Exchequer, we
Al-
though there is a
3,000,000/,handsome
dof any great duration.
in
thewi7etr' -"Pa that our exemption
t.notorwa
numbersat Trodr afford
fiotNo,
iet give
revival,
uivpabi,a
halfa t
reausitiochnflu;plrriaNlydulusifemicreimwsteeauxidrascdpter:ctoroldouioujoionid)tiktgds:
na seonnt a foundationbl y uck
andbe being
g perhapsplaced we cannot caanpneortmrae
during the
present session. But although a just tind completely
oe
reason
vuii
ot equitable l e arrangementwhy we should n
improvements—whymoay t
endeavour et dhe avmoeu rr to
e impossible,gl makeri there
g is
no
e
w
ri
some
ev-
duces might not be in some degree removed.
ng
On the 19th inst. the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHE
is to fix a day for making his financial stutemen;4ll"' d
he will then explain his views on this interesting and
important question. We can scarcely suppose that
the Right lion. Gentleman will, in power, lend hist
support to matters which he formerly so em-
phatically denounced. lie is too clearheaded to fall
into so grievous an error, nor is it probable that he
would neglect the opportunity of acquiring a high
degree of popularity, even if he could do so without
inconsistency. We may also infer, from the tone of
his reply to the lion. Gentleman the Member for Mon-
trose, on Monday evening, when he stated that " he
should be very glad if the Committee DOW sitting on
the subject should have reported before that time, but
if they lied not, it would not prevent him from going
on with his statement." This short sentence would
seem to indicate that his mind is already roads up on
the subject ; and when we consider that he was a
prominent and painstaking member of the Committee,
and, as such, well acquainted with the views and
opinions
of its leading members, we can easily conceive
that he is fully prepared on the topic.
It will, ther, be for All parties who feel aggrieved
by the present iniquitous system to lend their most
energetic exertions to its modification. They must
closely observe the course that may be adopted, and if
it
be not such as they have reason to anticipate,
andae tho justice of the case may require, ein oppor-

LONDON,

tunity will speedily arrive of ensuring the attentive
consideration of the Legislature. The battle is to
be fought at the hustings. No elector should
record his suffrage in favour of any person
who will refuse a distinct and unequivo-
cal answer on the subject. Whatever may
be his qualifications in other respects, no
man can be a fitting representative who would
lend his sanction to so gross and palpable
an act of injustice as that which, having
been maintained for ten years, may now be num-
bered among the things that have departed.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN has brought a hornet's
nest about his ears by his recent effusions in the
Presse. The organs of the Royalists of the two
Bourbon dynasties are greatly scandalized at the
insinuation thrown out by him against the Royalist
party as tieing capabie of resorting to attempts at
assassination ts; get rid of the empire in the event of
its being formed ; and M. DE LA. GIIERRONIERE, who
was for a long time co-editor of the Presse with M.

DE GIEARDIN, falls foul in the Pays of his ancient
comrade. After sundry professions of personal esteem
and respect fur the delinquent, the writer in the Pays
expresses his profound surprise and regret at finding
an imputation proceeding from his pen " which tends
to stigmatise not only the whole of an honourable

party, but, to a what; point, the political opinion of
the country, made responsible for crimes which, thank
GOD, are not of any party." M. DE GUERRONIERE
then quotes the article in the Presse which has proved
the rock of offence, and thus continues :—" We do

not hesitate to say that these are detestable arguments
to preserve the Republic. No ; wbetever may happen,
whether we remain in the Republic or leave it, in
order to enter on the Empire, there will not be an
ALIBAUD in the Republican party, nor a Meant° in
the Royalist party, to avenge the democracy or to
restore the monarchy. Such monsters, if they could
live again in their miserable imitators, would engage
only their own name and hand before the justice of
GOD and of history. They would not engage any
party. There would be a crime at the charge of a
single man, but that responsibility, altogether of an
individual character, could not imply any moral
complicity with one of the honourable parties which
contend for their convictions and opinions."
The Union pitches in more lustily, in the fol-
lowing style :
" In the opinion of M. de Girardin the establishment
of the Empire would be the signal for the most exe-
crable crimes, for those crimes which are the disgrace of
society and of an age, and the sad prognostication
which we for our part prefer to leave to the editor o
the Presse. We leave him ale the honour of his decla.
mations against royalty, against that royalty which,
according to his account, would not return but to bring
back slavery, and those abuses and intolerances which
would allow us most the Parliamentary regime of the
Etats genera= assembling every 175 years. Such non-
sense does not merit discussion, it only causes universal
derision. And yet this is what M. de Girardin
does not disdain to call his conclusion. Your
conclusion ! Allow us to say that you promised
us something more—you promised us the receipt
for preserving the Republic. That receipt, there-
fore,ttenxdpmeeotnairt.chylLphtiothtehirtso
ytiomuehyaovue
teeh of negatives ; it is time for you
hav
proceedede we
attacked
awe
kabneydt ,
tem and:pp war
now to come to affirmatives, and to tell us how you mean
to preserve the Government which has your preference.
That would be true conclusion, and the real solution of
the problem which has been put forth in the Preset."
M. DE GIRARDIN appears again in the Presse of
yesterday. The article is a reply to the Independance
of Brussels, which had spoken of him as having rallied
to the Government of Louis NAPOLEON. He says—
" If I have rallied,' it must be admitted that the
President of the Republic does not look towards the
Empire; and if he does so, it must then be admitted that I
have not 'rallied' to him. It is necessary to choose be-
tween one or the other of the two affirmatives. The
truth of the case is this: Called back to Paris by im-
perious and urgent business, I only yielded to the voice
of personal interests in stating my personal convictions,
in perfect independence, end at the risk of oppposing
personal views, which it is supposed and pretended are
decided on,-and expecting to receive a fresh order to
return, at my choice, either to Belgium, Germany, or
England. My trunks are ready, but before starting I
wished to state to democracy the result of my two
months' reflections in the solitude of exile. The more I
have reflected on it the more convinced I feel that pes-
simism was the strictest, and consequently the shortest
road to arrive at legitimism. Anything rather than the
European restoration of the last century. It, is for this
reason that, although marked with the seal of ostracism,
and injured in the most serious manner in all my inte-
rests, I have never ceased to write from Brussels to
Paris. 'Let there be no pessimism.' As to the sus-
picious which were not spared towards me before my
return, end even before my departure on the 14th Ja-
nuary, I have paid dear enough during the last year
(more than 500000 for the right of disdaining them,
and I shall make use of that right.",
The Bank of France is henceforth to publish the
returns of its general position on the second Thurs-
day of every month, instead of weekly. This notice
will give much satisfaction, especially as it will tend
to remove the suspicion that the suppression of the
weekly report was for the purpose of concealing com-
mercial depression, as proved by the low state of dis-
count of hills of exchange.
The Putrie publishes the following communicated
note:—
" The continual increase of business rarely permits
the Prince President to grant audiences, and requests for
them must be addressed direct to General Rogues, com-
mandant of his military household."
The strongest demonstrations of gratitude have
been testified by the inhabitants of all the parts of the
country through which the railroads which have
lately been conceded by the Government are to pass.
The municipal councils of Strasbourg, Beschwiller,
and Lauterbourg, have voted addresses of thanks to
the PRINCE PRESIDENT on the subject. The town of
Gray, in the Haute Saone, hailed the announcement
of the decree of concession of the line from Besmes to
that place with a salute of twenty•four guns, and an
illumination, and the Chamber of Commerce of the
town voted en address to the PRESTDENT of the Re-
public, expressive of their gratitude and devotedness to
him. An address of thanks has also been presented to
the PRESIDENT from the municipality of Limoges for
the prompt completion of the Central Railway.
Mortgage banks, according to the basis laid down
by the decree of the PRESIDENT of the Republic, are
being formed in the departments of the Loiret and the
Cher. The names of the most wealthy and influential
persons of the departments are mentioned as con-
nected with these banks.
The PRINCE PRESIDENT has commuted the sen-
tence of transportation to Algeria, pronounced against
Dr. LEPINRUX, for the part that he took in the insur-
rection of the Allier, into banishment into another de-
partment of France.
M. LATOUR-DUMOULIN' formerly chief editor of
the Courrier Francais, has been appointed director
of the printing department of the Ministry of Police.
The Gazette de France says :—" A rumour is cur-
rent that the two Grand Dukes of Russia, MICHAEL
and NICHOLAS, are about to come to Paris on a visit
to the PRESIDENT of the Republic."
Viscount DE TOIIRNON is in a fair way of recovery
from the effects of his accident at the steeplechase on
Sunday last.
An entire change has taken place in the mode of
lighting the Palace of the Tuileries. The bougies
have been suppressed, and replaced by magnificent
lamps attached to the lustres.
There. was very little business transacted. in Govern-
ment Securities at the Bourae. Railway Shares were
more active. The Four-and-a-Gall per Cents. opened
at 101 f. 40e., and closed at 101 f. 30c. for the end of the
month; the There per Cents. closed at 71f. 60e.;
Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,182 f. 500.; Rouen, 7351.;
Havre, 2881. 75c.; Great Northern, 685'4 Avignon,
277 f. eee,,• Vierzon, 5651.; Bale, 2421. 50c.; Bordeaux,
605f.;50Pcar.ispaarnids
and Lyons,
6537051.4 Tours and Nantes,
357 i. FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
,tim2Bur_anpdarLisieanged,
23 —Orleans and Bordeaux, 14%
—Northern of trance,
114—oueNn
BUSINLESOSNDDOONNESTINOCK EXCHANGE, APRIL 7.
Paris and Lyons' 4
n and Havre, 11N —Sambre and
Strasbourg, Name..
11—West Flanders, Sand
Meuse, —Tours and
East Indian, 211/183,—y
—Paris
7i/2.
Western
of France'

SPAIN.
analogy a royal decree relative to
The Gazette publishes
Madrid journals of
tariff. Manuffic-
-B°lne modifications in the Customs.
do not bear any
tures of new invention, and which . ,
will
pay former tariff, will
the od have been received.
rent duty of 15 per
pay for the first time an ad valo
f.el.J and 18 per
cent. if imported by Spanish ves'lan'd. All mer-
chandise if h-y foreign vessels or by .
to articles classified in the
to an
pay the above duties. Where goods subject
r than
chandise in small quantities and of little value will
ad valorem duty: are entered at a price lower
they are considored worth, the Custom-house
per autho-
rities are at liberty to take tin mat the valuation of
the owner 9, adding to
cent. for th 9 expenses.
A duel with swords
Ist, between M. SAGA. TI place
M. MANTILLA, in
TI anti h
cons( quence `of a political dispute. They were but
wounued in the hand, but not seriously.
MADRID Bonnet, AeRIL 0. The Three per
Cents., 40 7-16. Exchst:ekor, Lnd
on at
London,
d money.
---

GERMAN Y.
The conference which lately
took place at Bam-
berg between the Ministers of Ilavarie, SaxonY, a"
Wurtemburg relative to the Customs Congress which
i 3 to be held at Berlin, la to b, followed by another
conference, in which the Grand Duchies of Hesse,
Na.sau and Frankfort will be reprtounsented.
The iVew Gazette of Prussia annceu that Com-
modore SCIMEDEIt had arrived to take posgession of
the frigates Gefion and Barbarossa. They will be
taken in the Ant place to Swinetuuncle.