The Sun.
London, England, 1852-09-02 00:00:00

7, -7); 2
°.1805.] LONDON, THURSDAY." attaAl U
ritt.
SEPTEMBER 2, 1852.

ROYAL HOTEL, LOWESTOFT.
The Proprietor of this Hotel has much pleasure in informing
his Friends and the Public tha: during the winter he has provided
extensive suites of bedrooms, in addition to the wing constructed last
summer ; this wil prevent a recurrence of those disappointments
which so frequently took place from his inability to accommodate
his friends in the past year. It is his intention to persevere in that
course which has already given such general satisfaction, viz., to
combine the nest Mines, Viands, Attendance, and Cleanliness, with
Moderate Charges.
The sa!ubrity of Lowestoft, the excellent bathing, and beauty of
its neighbourhood, for riding, and walking, are too well known to
require comment. S. lIOWETT has only, therefore, in conclusion,
to call attest on to the easiness of access and lowness of fares from
the plsces, a list of which is subjoined, and to express his hope that
he will continue to experience that liberal support with which he
has already been favoured.
Every Wednesday and Saturday, until further notice, Passengers
may be booked as under -

may DC Ill,t,Cu as ...,..,- -
--------
After- Fares to Lowestoft and back.
From noon ---- ------
at Ist Class. 23 Class. 3d Class
.......,.......------------ -----.--- --- ---
H. M. s. d. s. d. s. d.
20 0 15 0 10 6
London.... ...... .. •• • • .... 2 0
Cambridge .......... .. •• .. 345 12 0 9 0 6 0
St.lves.... ..... ...•• •• .... 2 5
Chatteris . ...... ... •• • • .... 233 14 0 10 0 70.
Peterborough ...• •• • • ...... 3 0
W Isbeach.. ..... ....• • • .... 315
March ... ..... .. ••.• • ..... 340 12 0 9 0 6 0
9 0 6 9 4 6
-------------
-

* Arriving at Lowestoft at 7 45.
Tickets will be available for the return journey by
the trains leav-
ing Lowestoft at 3 r.rt. on week days, or any train on Sundays,
within seven days of the date of issue.
In addition to the ordinary established trains, fast Express Trains
will, on and after the let of August, leave Lowestoft4P.M. at b`e
in
7
A.NI., arriving in London at 11 o'clock ; past , arr fing
London at 10. And from Ilishopsgate Station at 5 P.M., arriving at
Lowestoft at 25 min. past 9.
Family Tickets are issued at the London Station by all trains to
Lowestoft at about the charge of a single fare, available for the re-
turn journey any time within 28 days of issue.

CREMORNE GARDENS.
On the Hanks of the Thames, King's-road, Chelsea.
Waterside Entrance close to Battersea-bridge Pier.
Fare by Steam-boat from London-bridge or any of
request the interme
be-
diate Bridges or Wharf Piers, 3d. Strangers should to
anded at Battersea-bridge for Cremorne. Fare by Omnibus from
Charing-cross, 3d.; from the City and remotest parts o f
md, 6d.

N.
Proprietor, Mr. T. B. SIMPSG
The Pyrotechnic Displays by the Chevalier Mortram.
Open for the Season.
By Desire.—Re-engagement of Louis Soullier's Cirque Oriental.
A new Grand Spanish Comic Ballet, entitled Le Barbier de Cadiz,
TP vueersyd
ayand
Evening
Friday, the Italian Brothers in their Double Tra-
Tuesday, Friday, and Saturday, Signor Devani, the celebrated
peze Performance, at an elevation of 90 feet.
Ourang-Outang Contortionist.
Wednesday and Saturday, Grand Globe and Wheel Ascents, by
Herr Franz de Bach. on a Narrow Platform, 160 feet long.
TIIIS DAY September 2, a most extraordinary Hippodro
th mat:c
Spectacle, , conducted by M. Soullier, who has engaged e cele-
brated Parisian A*ronaut, Poitevin ,who
Brotherse a Grand Balloon
Ascent, accompanied by the Italian on the Double Tra-
peze. Admission on this occasion, 2s. until Seven ; after Seven,
Is. The Hippodrome Peformance begins at Half-past Four, and
the Balloon ascends at Half-past Six.
An uninterrupted succession of Entertainments from Three o'clock
until near Midnight, including
Every evening, at a Qiarter to Nine o'clock, in the newly-decorated
Pavilion, in addition to the following attractions, Louis Soullier's
Cirque Oriental, and the best Equestrians of the age. For particu-
lars, see Special Bills.
Principal Artistes:—Messrs M'Cullom, Albert de Bach, Franz de
Bach, Jean de Bach, Devani, Mackney, Victor Soullier, Kemp, Leoa
Soullier, Signor Vilderini ; Madlles. Clementine and Olga Soullier.
Admission to the Circus from the Gardens:—Promenade, Pit, and
Boxes, Is. ; Amphitheatre, Gd.
Open at Three o'clock.

Admission, Is.; Children, Half-price.
On Sundays, after Four o'clock, by Refreshment Card, price 6d.
Table d'Rote at Six o'clock, 2s. 6d.
Private Room for Dinners and Coffeo.

LAURENT'S GRAND CASINO,
%RGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street,
St. James's,
Lessee, Charles Emele Laurent, Onslow House, Brompton-road,
Licensed pursuant to Act of Parliament, 25th of King George 11.,
Are Re-opened for the Winter Season.
During the recess the Rooms have been entirely Re-decorated, by
G. S. Bryer, regardless of cost.
Laurent's Matchless Band every evening. Principal Cornet-a-
Piston, M. Boulcourt.
Admission—ONE SHILLING.
Doors open at Half-past Eight o'clock. Dancing to commence at
Nine, and te-minate at Half-past Eleven.

ON TILE PHILOSOPHY OF MARRIAGE, AND THE SECRET
INFIRNII HES OF 'YOUTH AND -MATURITY.
WITII FIFTY COLOURED ENGRAVINGS ON STEEL.
In French, English, German, Dutch, Spanish, and Italian, in a
Scaled Envelope, 2s. f,d., or post-free, for Forty-two Stamps,
SELF-PRESERVATION; an
Analytical Investigation of the Physiology and Functions of
Marriage, in all the bearings in which that important subject affects
the health and happine. s of Man, with its Disqualifications and Impe-
diments, tracing their origin to the effects of juvenile solitary habits,
youllitul excess, tropical climates, or close study ; followed by prac-
tical remarßs, founded on twenty years' experience in the treatment
of Impuissance. Nervous Debility, Local Weakness, Sperinatorrlicea,
Syphilis, and all diseases of the Urinary and Generative Syst em. Il-
lustrated by 10 coloured Enzravingo, on the Anatomy of the Repro-
ductive Organs and their relative conditions in Health and Disease.
By SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D.,
37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
_ .

Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated Member of the University of Edin-
burgh, Honorary Hember of the London Hospital Medical Society
Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, &c., &c,

The essential object of this treatise is to point out the fearful
consequences resulting from irregularities and excesses, which
have produced more misery in Youth, degradation in Man-
hood, and premature decay at all stages of life, than, perhaps, any
other class of disease known to modern pathologists The treatment
adopted is founded on experience gained in the most celebrated
schools of medicine both In this country and in continental Europe.
The results of the knowledge thus acquired are here condensed under
the personal supervision of Dr. La'Afert, himself one of the few
legally qualified physicians who have devoted their whole and un-
divided studies to this important branch of medical science. In short,
every peculiarity relating to the treatment of the diseases incidental
to the generative system, and the means of immediate relief and
thdeelmiesaetlevecsonusniddeerrathioins care
ultimate cure are described in detail. The professional reputation
of Dr. La'Mcrt, who has taken the most distinguished medical
and academic honours at home and abroad, is in itself a sufficient
will, in every instance, and
guarantee that those whmoeetmwa
yithpltalemet
inviolable secrecy which are so requisite in the treatment of these

cases.
Published by the Author, and may be had of J. Gilbert, 49, Pater-
noster-row ; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street : Starie, Titchborne-street
ilarmarket ; Mann, 23, Cornhill : or tr3e by post for forty-two
stamps, from the author, who may be consulted personally, or by
letter, daily, from Ten till Two, and from Six till Eight.

R. CULVERWELL'S NEW WORKS.
To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; CarvaLho
47, Fleet-street; Mann, 39, CRrnhill ; or direct from the author
price One Shilling each; by post, ls. 6d.

ENJOYMENT OF LIFE.
"Health, teereation, and Rational Use of Time."

CONTEN rs :—Early Rising—Spring and Summer Mornings —.Ex-
c irsions about the Environs of London—The Parks, Lanes, hills,
F irests, Fields, .iligh-roads, and other pleasant places—Country
Trips and Ramt,les—The Sea--London at Night—Evenings at Rome
—Music—The Drama—On Eating, Drinking, Sleeping, Bathing,
Air, Rest, Ease, Occupation, &c., &c.

FRAGMENTS FROM THE MOUNTAINS. Two Volt
Vol. I.

VISIT TO THE LAKES ,
Vo l K.II SETCH OF EDINBURGH, &C,
THE LAKES OF KILL 4.RNEY ; REMINISCENCES OF
DUBLIN, &c.
WHAT TO EAT, DRINK, AND AVOID,
"That three score years and ten our course may run."
A popular review of slmost every form (cause and cure) of ner-
vously-debilitated health and enfeebled constitution, that harasses
the young, besets the man of pleasure, business, or study, and em-
bitters old age ,• with tablas and rules for the diet and physical rep-
_stlon of every-day life.

rv.
Tim PASSIONS.
"What passions hurt tho body—what improve,
Truths as refined as Athens ever heard."
Scanor :—Life's pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The ad'
vent of the passions. Chastity and its infringements'. The casual-
ties oflicentiousness and dissipation, with illustrations graphic, nar-
r hive, and remcdiative. Advocacy of early marriages.
V.

THE MARRIAGE STATE.
To be or not to be, that is the question."
raouximsit :—Laws and obligations of nature, society, and reli-
gion regarding marriage, to be observed by either sea. Time and
choice, on both sides, as to age, temperament, complexion, and
figure, to secure healthy offspring, with the art of rearing them.
physical defectiveness and its removal. Sterility and its conversion.
Cases, &c.
By R. .T. CULVERWELL, M.D. (1841), M.R.C.S. (1827), L.S.A•
(1824). Twenty-five years Medical and Forensic Referee in these
matters. Reception hours daily till Five. Evenings, Seven till
Nine. 10, Argyll-place, Regent-street.

Oat straw, from 7s Od to 9s Od per kemple of 16 stones tron ;
wheat ditto, Ss 6d to 98 6d ; barley ditto. 7s Od to 8s Od.
Hay, from 9d to lid per stone ; new ditto, 7d to Sd.

COAL MARKET.— IESTIRDAY.
Prices of Coal per ton at the Oose of the market :
New Tanfield . ........ 12s 6d St awart's ... .... ••• 153 9d
Redheugh Main . ..... 12s 3d fiartlepool
Wylam ... ............... 13s 6d Heugh, Hall
Wall's End, &e. 'Kelloe .. 15s Od
• ,

Harton .............. .. 14s Od South Hartlepool
Walker
Eden Main .......••••• 143 f,d Thornley
Belmont l4s 3d Backhouse l4s Od
Braddyll
Iletton
Haswell lss 9d Nixon's Merthyr and
Lambton ......
Russell's Hetton ...... 15s 3d
Ships at market, 57 Sold, 48.

RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS.
BRISTOL, SEPT. 1.

STOCK EXCHANGE. —Oar share market to-day was again
very inactive, the bnsiness done being of minor importance.
LIVERPOOL, SEPT. 1.

STOCK EXCHANGE.—The share market opened heavily
this morning, and throughout the day there was compara-
tively but a small amount of business transacted, at reduced
prices. The only transactions reported were—Caledonian, 21
—Eastern Counties. Wfi —Lancashire and Yorkshire, 833 Z,,
—Ditto, Fifths, 3 11-16 dis.— Ditto, 201. F, 1-16 p.—Mid-
land, 75V, Shrewsbury and Chester, New 13 1-31. Shares,
10'/2—Shrewsbury and Hereford, 11/2 dis.—Dutch Rhenish,
dis.

THE GUILD OF LITERATURE AT
MANCHESTER.
Mr. Charles Dickens and his friends having been
solicited to visit Manchester a second time,
for the
purpose of repeating their amateur theatrical repre-
sentations in aid of the fund designed to establish a
Guild of Literature and Art, the owners of the Free
Trade Hall very liberally placed that Iluilding again
gratuitously at their service for last evening, and on
the previous evening a public banquet was given to
them at the Athenaeum. About 250 gentlemen were
present, under the presidency of Mr. Robert Barnes,
the Mayor of Manchester, and amongst the leading
ay,
Mr. Jos.
company assembled to do honour to the guests were
Mr. Thos. Bazley, president of the Chamber of Com-
merce,aiis Schwabe,SirElkana
juh
r. Armitage,E.R.
L
Sirngw Jeorhthn'',
oMtte•Pr'.9MCr'.
s
Brotherton, M.P., Mr. Alex. Henry, and Mr. R. N.
Philips.
E
The guests were : Sir E. B. Lytton
Dickens, Esq., D. Costello, Esq.,
.4 C. Knight, Esq., J.
Tenniel, Esq., F. W. Topham,‘eq., A. Egg, E,
Wilkie Collins, Esq., Frank Stone, Eaq., P. can.
ningbam, Esq , W. H. Wills, Esq,, R. Bell, Eqq• ;
and after the cloth bad been removed, Mrs. Dickens
and several other ladies occupied seats in the ban-
quetting room.
The CHAIRMAN having given, " The members for
Manchester and Salford,
Mr. JOSEPH BROTHERTON, Mx., responded to the
toast.
Mr. JAMES CROSSLEY, in proposi—
see the toast of the
evening, said it becomes my most pleasing duty to
express the high gratification we must all feel in re-
ceiving in this city, on such a eni,B•lol4
and seeing
premiss .on this occasion, as spr egue,,itip.tne„idistirkt..
guished company who represent the friends-of the
Guild of Literature and Art, who to bring to bear
upon us the old artillery of genius, wit, humour,
learning, dramatic talent, and scenic power, to coerce
by means the most effective, by means the most
delightful, our adhesion to this grand scheme of
judicious and far-seeing benevolence.—(Applause.)
The Guild of Literature and Art originated under
such auspices as scarcely ever gave sanction or
authority to any similar public undertaking, and
supported by a series of brilliant,: efforts which have
scarcely a parallel in our annals. There can, Sir, be
but one opinion—that it is a noble design, and that it
has been as nobly sustained.—(Cheers.) There is no
one who is in the slightest degree conversant with the
literary history of his country—and a sad, melacholy,
and humiliating history it is—but must have been
aware of the necessity of some such- provision as,
without, infringing upon the high feeling of rianly
independence, without impairing the self-respect of
the individual, should extend to the author and
the artist that assistance which at certain
stages of each of their precarious prefessions
may prove of most inestimable benefit ; some such
provision, in short, as, interposing like a good angel,
might have rescued Chatterton from " grimvisaged,
comfortless despair ;" might have saved many a bitter
pang to the lofty soul of Johnson, and many a cor-
roding anxiety to the amiable, the exemplary, the
most accomplished, but over-worked and over-toiled
poet of Keswick. To afford that provision by some
adequate endowment, united with arrangements of
an economical and provident description, became the
anxious study and care of those whose splendid, and
splendidly deserved, literary success has never caused
them to lose their interest, or their sympathy with
the sufferings or the wants of the very lowliest of
their species ; least of all with that part of it to which
they were knit, and attached by kindred feelings,
and whose history, whose habits, whose peculiarities,
and whose requirements they understand so well.
These distinguished leaders of the public mind, com-
bined with as powerful a phalanx of friends distin-
guished in every department of literature and art as
ever actively co-operated in any work of good, pro-
posed, in aid of that great design, entertainments
which have electrified and delighted all parts of this
kingdom, and all classes, from royalty downward,
[ and which had afforded us that grand desideratum
in these days, when every invention of luxury
seems almost exhausted—a new pleasure of the
most exhilirating and agreeable character, while
engaged in gravely performing the duty and second-
ing the beneficent intentions of the founders of
the guild. To those founders, and gratifying it is
to know that now, on this occasion, we have the
honour of entertaining them—will ultimately, in all
human probability, belong the praise—and a prouder
or or a loftier it is scarcely possible to imagine—of
having infused new elements of happiness, indepen-
dence, and security, into the condition of those whose
profession and whose mission it is to civilise and in-
struct mankind, who give us the only true and real
endowments, and whose gifts are the only perpetual
inheritance of their species ; and we, therefore, may
surely claim, as matter of right in their hour of need,
some endowment of the perishable and transitory
goods of fortune. To realize that endowment, we
have seen, and we now see, with what hearty
good-
will, with what harmonious co-operation,
in these
but
days when so much is said of literary jealousies, 8
that
'
which appear to me to be like those mists
d oun-
are said to gather around the base of the sacre
alished
tain, but never obscure its top—two distingu.
their way
spirits of the age, who have deservedly won
their
to the pinnacle of literature, have exerted
estimation of
va-
rious and matchless powers. With my
dertak-
the value of this most wise and provident
undertak-
ing, own
log, with my opinion of the value even to their.rt
it,l
high reputation of the parts they have taken
doubti would humbly say, that brilliant, and no of
per-
manently fixed and enduring as will be the fame
those admirable pictures of life and manner'', those
ht,
most powerful representations of character, of -th
.oe g
and passion, by which the two great m a
asters I
com-
position that I have referred to have conferred such
s ener-
getic and such extended delight, ye. their_
t active
getic endeavours by this great scheme
of
of
benevolence to improve and exalt the
condition
with lite-
rature who may be professionally connote-
Claim to
rature and art, will constitute not the
leastfi t of pos.
affection and gratitude in the irreversible
: a a for the
terity.—(Cheers.) I might, Mr. Chalm" ati'ser upon
subject insensibly leads me on, remark
further
with
the many points of hope and promise connected
1 with
the establishment of the guild, and par '
Liebe discharge
what might be reasonably expected from t
ears to me
of its appropriate duties, in which it PP.
a d which are
that the public is so much ccnoerned, 01'
i as to the
annexed to the offices of guild ; as
well
in fostering
effect which may be reasonably expected
men.
But,
prudent and provident habits in literarYl
i had to say,
Sir, I feel that in further extending wha
of an ample
I am merely depriving this good comp
an arlYwithout fur-
feast of solid enjoyment, and therefore,toast which
they preface, I shall proceed to read thewever, before
has been entrusted to me, observing,
hcl
I do so, that as this is fi, I believe, the
rst occasion on
with whose name
which the distinguished individual vi
in this city, I
it concludes had been publicly present l
and Many
trust I may be allowed, on behalf of myselftbie opportunity
others who are now present, to take
the high grati- I
of expressing our grateful thanks
f°rcontributions to .
fication we have received from
his and so excellent, I
literature, so extensive, so varied, atm
always 1
and from the manner in which
hilenours of the lite-
rary
sus-
tained, in his own person, the honours is..-." Prospe-
rity character.— Cheers. The toastand Art, coupled
rity to the Guild of Literature
Bawer Lytton, Bart.,
with the Health of Sir E.
M.P."— (Loud cheers.)
Glee—" Spring's delights."
,DIPs, then rose, and
Sir E. L. B. LYTTON, Bart., long continued cheers.
was received with loud and
tlernen,—lt is, indeed,
He said—Mr. Mayor and gn I rise to reply, on
with no ordinary emotions thates, to the ,very eloquent
behalf of myself and my colle agabeen proposed, and to
manner in which this toast has
the cordial warmth with
which you have received it.
of Manchester, in this
But here, indeed, in this town
industry, we authors may
great capital of intellectual
nd bero(
well hope to find feIIOWShiPEL as the people of Man-
hear)—for we, too, the Ba f skilled labour.—(Hear,
Chester, are the children 0
everything that has elevated
hear.) Everything great, ever.:
civilised the world, comes
man, everything that has s
from that principle whiche as familiar in the mill of
.
the closet of the scholar—
the manufacturer as it is in ,
bout at 4'o command of skill.
and that principle is,
,4 anitallS.) Our first father was
--(Hear, hear, and st-' weat of the brow ; but the
ordained to live by the a
brow is the domain of thought, and the moment that
labour begins, thought A
, awakened.—(Hear, hear.)
Not that we value all labour alike • , we estimate its
worth, not according to the amount of work that is
done by the hands, according . gto the degree of
intelligence which is but see
brought to bear upon the
originall capital,
the f 0
work. If labour IS
bodily labour is only the raw material, and
mind is the great manufacturer.—(Near, hear.) Gen-
tlemen, wherever we look we
commercial roe
•te of the people is proportioned
perhi
c
b mental energy controls phy-
to the degree in which mental
which has enabled
sical force. It is this int
England to grasp the wealth of the world with one
.
it with the other throughout
hand and to diffuse h ls. If,at this thousands of reproducture.c Tr
interior Russia ' mo-
ment, we could annihilate in e .of ussm a
number of people equal to the population of Man-
chester, the loss would
province
Id strike Manchester froth
; but if we could
the map of these isles, the link that unites together
the ends of the world would be snapped asunder. In

with them not only cotton
one case we should only destroy
other case we should destoy 'cl beers ) The
ships that carry your goods
sf eahs.—(C •
rotmheymb
haven to haven bear
ebearn andcivilisation.
n
And here it is that we authors m
con-
tribute even to the material wealtha thatoastfthat we
ghts those
vessels ; because you owe more of that freights
wealth to the
ideas which you and your forefathers
from books than you do to all the have gathered
mines
labourof Peru.
Well, then, gentlemen, if it is to mental
kings owe their purple, and havens their vessels, thatd
markets their merchandise, you cannot wonder thatan
we, a handful of authors, not craving honour
needing aid for ourselves, are still inspired witsh or
a
sense of the dignity of our class, in the great hier-
archy of mental labour, and do desire to lift
above the chance of degradation all those
and ennoble the order to which we b I e ong.—(llear.)
This is the main object of the guild; and now, on
behalf of myself and colleagues, I will very shortly ex-
plain the origin and purpose of that institution. It is
not quite two years ago since a few gentlemen, emi-
nent in art and letters, met at my country house for
the purpose of a dramatic entertainment ; you have
seen those gentlemen perform, and you can well con-
ceive the delight that their acting would give to a
rural audience.—(Hear, hear.) Well,'one day when
we were conversing together, it occurred to us to have
some play performed in the provinces for some bene-
volent object; and one said, " And why not, for the
sake of some distressed man of letters ?' and another
said, " Why not, for some permanent benefit to litera-
ture itself ?" and thus, in the course of that general
conversation, the outline of our present scheme be-
came visible. Ido not think there is one of us who
„maid w •to arrogate-to himself the exclusive merit
of
ethit i.itiioselfut of Our general interest in
the cal* and was ripened by our general enthusiasm.
—(Cheers.) As I have no taste nor talent for acting,
it was settled that my contribution should be a play,
which has been raised far beyond its merits by the ex-
my colleagues.—(Hear.) When the
salient acting of
I ventured, with the concurrence and
play was written,
my colleagues, to draw up an outline
co-operation of
for the general design and constitution of the guild—
in abort, to embody our common notions. Now, we
were all agreed first upon this—as a principle, that
we would endeavour to divest this institution, as much
as possible, of the mere character of a charity. It is
in vain to boast of the dignity of letters, unless we
can inculcate that which is the foundation of all dig-
nity—l mean independence—(Hear, hear)—unless
we can establish a kind of right to whatever aid or
relief our funds may enable us to bestow. Now, we
attain that right at once, by adopting the principle of
a benevolent and provident society, in connexion with
assurance against the contigencies of the future.
Every member of the guild must therefore be bound
to contribute something towards its funds, and some-
thing towards some insurance company either con-
nected with the guild, or any other company which
he chooses to prefer. By this we obtain a secondary
advantage—that we do inculcate those habits of self-
reliance, of prudence, and of foresight, in which it
has been said that men of genius are too often deficient,
but which no man, whatever be his genius, has a
rig ht to consider himself above.—(Hear, hear.) It
has been said in an old Latin proverb, that no deity
is present where prudence is absent , and we do not
desire in behalf of literature that any one of its
labourers should call upon others to help him,
until he has shown that be has done his best,
like a man, to help himself.—(Hear, hear.)
Now, gentlemen, having thus laid the foundation of
this institution upon the principle of a benevolent or
provident society, we adopt the name of " guild," be-
cause that is the old English name for those associa-
tions in which members of some particular class or
calling co-operated for the benefit of each other. Our
next object was to raise a man of genius, an eminent
man of letters, from the absolute necessity of daily
task work, which is always very precarious in its
profits, and which may often oblige a man indefinitely
to postpone some work which might immortalise
himself and instruct a nation—in fact, to take a man
of genius from being a mere bookseller's hack We
therefore propose, if our funds allow us. to institute
a certain limited number of life annuities, which,
though they shall be sufficiently modest, will still
suffice for all the simple wants of a scholar. We
shall not consider it necessary that any candidate for
these life annuities should make a profession of
poverty or destitution • because, if we were to
make poverty a qualification, though what we de-
sign be a tribute of gratitude to merit, we should
give to a distinction the character of a humilia-
tion.—(Hear, hear.) While we propose that these
annuities should be given to those more eminent men
of letters, to those whose years are matured, or whose
reputation is ackhowledged, we shall propose also
a secondary mode of relief to those who have
struggled upwards in the more arduous part of their
career. We are sure that there are very few profes-
sional men of letters who will not recal one period of
their lives when they were almost in a despair of the
morrow—when a small pecuniary aid, if assured for
one or two years, might have enabled them to face
all difficulties, and have saved them from broken
energies and shattered health ; and enabled them,!per-
haps, to accomplish some work which would have
raised them to independence and reputation. Now,
there was such a crisis life
in the of Schiller, the
great German poet. At a time when beset with
cares and difficulties there was danger that that fine
genius would have been bowed to the rudest drud-
gery and have had his character soured to misan-
thropy, two foreign noblemen prevailed upon him.to
accept a small annuity for a period of three years,
and it is to the effect which that aid produced on
him that we must ascribe the wonderful change that
took place in the direction of his talents and views of
mankind. From that period he devoted not only his
genius but his conscience to his art, and he became
one of the most elevated and moral of the writers
which modern times have produced, instead of be-
coming what his earliest work promised, one of the
most dangerous and revolutionary.—(Hear, hear,
and applause.) You, therefore, see, gentlemen, that
the modes of relief we anticipate to be twofold ;
first, a permanent mode of relief in the way of life
annuities to those whom the public recognise to be
the chiefs of arts and letters ; and next, assistance
for a more limited period and to a smaller amount
perhaps, for one, two, or three years, according to
the discretion of our society, to those who shall have
given sufficient promise of industry to enable us to
hope that they may one day rise to be chiefs them-
selves. We do not profess to give anything like a
momentary relief, by way of alms or charity. We
leave that to the noble institution of the Literary
Fund, which is amply sufficient for this purpose ;
although by the laws of this society, it does not, and
cannot, fulfil our object, since it cannot give more
than fifty pounds at a time, and cannot bestow any-
thing like life annuities. The Artists' Fund is also
subject to similar limitations. Our next object will
be, if the society flourish, to connect it as much as
possible with the great body of the people by some
link of general utility and instruction ; if for instance
we should be able, so we hope we may be able,
to make the guild undertake, as a corporate body,
to give lectures gratuitously at all the principal
mechanics' institutions and at other associations in-
tended for the instruction of the people through-
out the kingdom.—(Applause.) At all events it is
with a view to some purpose of that kind, to show
that we attach tuition to whatever emoluments we
bestow, that we have borrowed something of acade-
mical names for those who will receive the emolu-
ments—calling the life annuitants professors or fel-
lows, and calling those who are admitted to salary for
a limited period by the name of associates. I, for
one, consider it indispensable that we should attach
something of educational duties to the salaries which
we give, as a general principle; because the moment
we attach payment to the duties all sense of degra-
dation vanishes.—(Hear.) Gentlemen, it would
detain you far too long to enter into the complicated
matters connected with anything so complicated as a
constitution. At the same time, I do think that we
shall conquer a great practical difficulty—that is, of
obtaining a fair and impartial tribunal to decide on the
claims of the candidates. I think we shall be able to
establish a fair and popular electoral body ; and I am
sure that we shall spare no pains to render the choice of
candidates as free as possible from the preponderating
influence of any particular sect or clique, and open to
the wholesome check of public opinion. Gentlemen,
I do hope, and I do believe that ultimately it Will bet
a distinction to be a member of this guild, and tha
the salaries will be regarded as a recognition of ge-
nius, and not as a mere charity to dists.—C
have ettectea
hear.) But in the meanwhile we shall
ted a prin-
at least these objects : We shall have
invested
adorn our
cipal of pecuniary aid given to those
wcharacter than
country with a more just and elevatedlhave
inculcated
they have yet assumed. We s.hhat
amongst all our
habits of prudence and fore
fislogurishes it will be his
brethren ; and if our society
eminent man of letters
own fault hereafter if any ,
neeea a patron or dread a
should in his old age e_ithtefve shall establish a familiar
gaol. Ido hope also that we
themselves, which at
link not only between.
Hy
e wanting, but between our
the present time is wholly
and those associations and
more scholastic learning
institutions in which the menh •
c and operative bring
2111
their soul for knowledge, and their generous en-
thusiasm and, i fact, if we can carry
for its masters
out ultimately a
11 our objects,n I hope that we shall

have laid the foundation-stone for an institution which
may serve authors as a guild, and tend to instruct
the public as a college. In the meanwhile we are not
to forget that this is the first time in our own country
in which authors have come forward manfully to pro-
vide for themselves in the time of infirmity and old
age, without cringing to the Minister for a pension—
(Hear, hear)—or without lowering the respect due to
their talents by a painful exhibition of distress.—
(Hear, hear.) It is a reproach to our age and our
country when some grey veteran—some Belisarius of
Letters—stands in our streets, showing the wounds
feelings, which he has received in his wars with the Goths and
their
the Vandals, and begging for pence after he has served
an empire.—(Applause.) Gentlemen, it does not be-
come me here to say what I think of the services of
my colleagues, authors end artists, themselves prac-
tically acquainted with the condition and feelings of
rendertheir brethren.
literature Seeing in this guild something
that may raise that condition and respect those
foremost
en a theyrgie s ,
theirhav e
talents,de v o t e d
andto thisthei r cause
time,
eamongst all operations, forward amongst all diffi-
culties,
thatamidstism aalalwswenahelcavils,mhaasehbe
to
popular,and the people literary.
More on another
occasion I should say, but I content
myself with this passing that must
sneers sh.
aasn
ddAonnde a n
r homage to a Dame
be rising to everychlp—l mean the name of Charles
Dickens.—(Loud Gentlemen, of the ulti-
mate success of this eneirlsd. )1
do not entertain a doubt ;
and very much of thatg
hassuccess it will have owed to
the encouragement itreceived in this town of
Manchester. It is true we h
of our Gracious Sovereign and have obtained the favour
her Illustrious Con-
-tortr-tsieltice# had the active me' ration and sym-
pathy of one whose princely Pe
mind dignify him more than heartbis coronet and his
and expanded
honours—l mean his Grace the Duke
of Devonshire,
foremost amongst our list of subscriber
name in rank and letters; but likestill,sand our first
all human
institutions, the guild would not have secured the
elements of vitality and duration, if it did
not enlist
the hearts of the people in its prosperity and
progress.
—(Hear, hear.) And it is to you in Manc,
hter,
and to others, whom I may perhaps call our fellowes
operatives in skilled labour, in the various towns in
which our design has been made known, that we
owe something much more than a munificent addi-
tion to our funds—we owe the influence which
your example has given to the circulation of this
great truth, that all departments of intelligence have
a common interest in securing dignity to noble labours,
and raising up into an aristocracy of our own the
artisans of thought and the craftsmen of civilisation.
—(Cheers.) We may, indeed, as was said by my
friend Mr. Brotherton, differ widely in politics—we
may take different views as to the contests of party or
as to some of the theories of civil government ; but as,
after many ages, we have established in these isles
the sublime doctrine of liberty of opinion, so let us
raise above the influence of that want which often in-
flames the judgment and sours the patriotism, those
writers who, from their silent closets, do send forth
the opinions which ultimately govern the market and
the senate; and perhaps more and more, in advancing
time, we may find that indeed men of books are wise
conciliators and gentle arbiters in the strifes and con-
tests of men of action.—(Hear, hear.) Gentlemen,
you all remember that story of Aladdin, which we
have read in our childhood, in which a poor youth de-
scended into a cavern, and brought back from its re-
cesses an old lamp. Accidentally he discovered that
by the mere friction of the lamp a mighty genius ap-
peared at his command. Awed by the terrors of the
spirit he had summoned, he at first only ventured to
apply its powers to satisfy his common and his hum-
blest wants —to satisfy mere hunger and thirst.
Bat gradually accustomed to the presence of the
gigantic agent, he employed it to construct palaces, to
amass treasures, to baffle armies, and to triumph over
foes, until, at the close of the story, the owner of the
wonderful lamp is the sovereign of a peaceful em-
pire, assured to his remote posterity. Gentlemen,
that story is the type of labour at the command of
knowledge—(Hear, hear.) When we first find the
lamp, we are contented to apply its genius solely to
our common physical wants ; but as we are accus-
tomed to the presence of that spirit we have sum-
moned, we find we have obtained a secret which
places the powers of earth, air, and ocean, at the com-
mand of man.—(Applause.) That genius, left to
itself, would be a terrible and a threatening minister,
because that genius here is only rude physical force,
but to him who possesses the lamp, the genius is a docile
and a benignant minister, because her physical force
is the slave of intellectual will.—(" Hear, hear," and
applause.) Now, gentlemen, in that same physical
force—which in the phrase of the day is sometimes
called the "power of the masses"—lies a grave
problem for all thoughtful men to resolve.—(Hear,
hear.) Knowledge has brought us face to face with
it; and knowledge must either instruct that force, or
it will destroy the invoker. May, then, therefore, all
those who possess that knowledge, who are gifted with
the lamp, use it only for generous and useful pur-
poses, so that the genius whose strength could rouse
the earthquake, and whose breath could bring down
the storm, may only come to enrich the treasury and
Gentlemen, I have
assure the empire.—(Cheers.) .
by
the ohs
erva ti
ow s
on
now the pleasing task of concluding .
which I have trespassed upon you, showing b
much we do desire to connect our institution with
l h
to lace institutions of a popular nature—how muc a
fore us
o we
desire, if we become a corporation, p e
the example of perhaps the most popular corporation
that exists in this country; since I have now to pro-
pose to you " The health of the Mayor of Man-
chester." said that both in his
'l7he MAYOR, in responding,
he felt exceedingly
public and his private capacity' ity health had been
gratified at the manner in which hisb
received. Blanchester had hitherto een exceedinglyhi
successful in the selection of mayors, and he with s
best wishes and will should endeavour to tread i
at if he
n their
footsteps—(Bear, hear)—and he was sure th
could by any means contribute to the well-being of
the inhabitants of this town, he should be exceedingy
gratified.—(Applause.) The next toast was one which
he could have wished had fallen into abler hands than
his ; but he was relieved from saying a great deal
upon it, because it was well known to all present
that they were visited by men Of very extraordinary
powers ; and remembering the sacrifices which
they made in coming on this errand of mercy,
they ought to respond to the toast which
he had the honour to propose with all the good-
will and unanimity which it deserved. Coinciding,
as he did, with the sentiment that the day had now
arrived when civilisation could no longer forget or
neglect the civilisers, but that rather some extraordi-
nary eftbrt should be made to protect during life
those who after death were revered as the molllltneti.a
of their time, and regarded as the loftiest nobility of
the land, he had great pleasure in proposing, and was
sure they would join him in wishing health and hap-
piness to "The Amateur Company of
the Guild of
Literature and Art, coupled with
Charles Dickens."—(Loud a l the name of Mr.
applause.)
Mr. CHARLES DICKENS, who
e.)
was received with.
loud and hearty cheering,
gentlemen, on behalf of the said—Mr. Mayor companyfu.ido of friends who
act with me in more senses than one, and on my owl'
part, who am their representative and mouthpiece
here, I beg to tender re
f the
you our best thanks or .
splendid recognition with which you have honourertt
us to-night. I do so with a feeling of
uulisuu.sidseaare
neatness, because I myself and all those friends
deeply and truly, sensible of the heartfelt
this noble
with which we have ever been receiv
edn:pution of the
a
town.—(Cheers.) From our first aswsnorn.out man of
actor's craft here, on behalf
°cler:it dramatic pieces
letters—the author of many axle stage, but with no
still constantly produced upon 1
lf d with no kind of re-
kind of advantage to hin.tsewer
heard of—down to this
membrance of him thatl audience has been so true
happy hour, a Manchesteru
affectionate towards us,
to us, so hearty With e nave always felt as if we were
that in playing tic:ea thearted friend. And Ido as-
playing to °ant:
en
12 our little curtain shall fall to-
sure you till ht for the last time, probably, upon that
morrow
°Oguntenance and that encouraging voice,
beaming ° wso often gladdened us, we shall feel a
that have no
kind, and
a regret at parting that
of no mimic .
sorrow
long outlive the fiction of the scene. After what
willvou have heard so eloquently said by my friend Sir
Edward Bulwer Lytton on the scheme to advance
which this little body of friends have been associated
together, I feel that it would not be reasonable in me
to trouble you with any observations respecting its
general claims, or the immense service which had
been rendered to it by Manchester. In taking the
field to promote that object, we thoroughly and sin-
cerely knew it to be a good one—thoroughly and
an
d
to knew it to be a just reproach to letters
to art that it bad been too long neglected—and were
thoroughly and sincerely resolved to do all that in us
lay to help the need which we knew to ex • ist. Our
little labours have, indeed, been
labours of love.
Careful business consideration of every detail of this
project, and the most solicitous regard to the more
pressing exigencies and weaknesses of our order, must
now constitute the strength of the gui •
ld, and must now
be the foundation of its steady claim
to general
public support. What we have done has merely
been to set it going, and to give it,
as we hope and
believe, a deady, onward impulse. If I wanted,