The Sun.
London, England, 1864-08-29 00:00:00

The Moors, Forests, and Rivers.

CRIEPF.—Tho sport on the various moors in this district
continues excellent. The grouse, however, are now very
wild and are packing, and it requires good marksmen to be
successful. On Monday the 22d, the Earl of Wilton bagged
on the Locheamside moors 33 brace of grouse ; on Tuesday
his lordship went deer-stalking in the forest of Glenartney,
and killed a heavy slag; on Wednesday his lordship shot 28
brace of grouse, 4 snipes and a few hares. On the hill of
Monzie, Colonel Homo Purvis bagged, on the 24th, 17 brace
of grouse; and Sir Hume Campbell, Bart., shot 16 brace of
grouse and 2 blackcocks on the 25th. At Garrows, on Tues-
day and Wednesday, Messrs Russell and Crawford killed
50 brace of grouse, besides other game.
AYRSHlRE.—Blackgame shooting commenced on Satur-
day, and where parties delayed opening fire on the grouse
till they could shoot blackgame as well, good mixed bags
were obtained. So far as we could see or learn, blackgame
have not improved in the same proportion as the grouse.
There was some cold wet weather in the spring, which is
supposed to have affected the hatching of blackgame after
the grouse had run. At all events, the birds aro not plen-
tiful, and many of the old hens have only three or four fol-
lowers, and some have no broods—casualties from which
the grouse this season were almost entirely free. 'Where
there are good broods the birds are pretty well grown, though
we have seen them much heavier at the commencement of
the season. If the hens are spared, however, there is a good
enough appearance to give promise that like the grouse,
having rallied after two bad years, they will show plentiful
produce, if the season be favourable, in 1865. The un-
broken sunshine which has prevailed since the 12th, though
delightful to the sportsmen, has carried death to the moor
game, by inviting prolonged shooting. A couple of days of
wet weather would have put them all in packs, and left a
much larger breeding stock for next season.—Ayr Athe,r-
t;er.

INVERNESS-SHIRE, &c.—ln consequence of the cold
broken weather of the week, sportsmen did not turn out
in such numbers as during the first few days of the shoot-
ing ; and, consequently, our notes are somewhat limited.
Reports from almost all quarters bear testimony to the
strength and high condition of the grouse, and the forests
are spoken of in terms of equal praise. On the 13th, on
Laggan Cottage moors, Capt. the Hon. F. C. Howard, of
the Coldstream Guards, bagged 20 brace of grouse and 2
snipes, and on the 20th, 161 brace of grouse. One of Sir
Joseph Hawley's party at Laggan Cottage bagged 14/ brace
on the 23d. Mr Wilson, at Ness Park, killed 121 brace on
the first day on which he was out. At Knockie, on the 13th,
Major Wardlaw and Col, Adair bagged 17 brace of grouse,
and on the 15th in five hours' shooting 21 brace and 2 hares.
At Lakefield, on the 12th, Mr John G. Blake had 101 brace
—on the 15th, 10 brace—and next day 16 brace. Shooting
over his estate of Foyers, Mr F. Walker bagged on the 12th
28 brace of grouse, and on the 16th 9 brace, On the
Kingussie moors, on the 15th, Mr. Wilson shot 7 brace of
grouse, and on the 16th killed 27 brace. The Earl of
Seafield bagged 21 brace grouse, 2 snipes, and 1 hare at
Balmacaan on Monday. These birds were strong and
healthy—no appearance of disease. The late opportune
showers of rain have done good on the hills as well as on
the low grounds. The following sport has been obtained
by Sir Chas. Ross, Bart., of Balnagown : —On the 12th,
on the moors of Kincardine Hill, 21 brace of grouse and 1
hare. The grouse are, in point of numbers, a fair average,
but the broods aro very unequal in size and numbers, some
consisting of only one young bird—the largest broods num-
ber as many as nine. The average of the whole broods
seen would be about four birds. Many were young—evi-
dently a second hatching—while others were so well grown
as to be difficult to distinguish from the old birds. There
aro a good many barren pairs, but no diseased birds have
been seen. On the 16th, Sir Charles commenced shooting
about 10.30 a.m. at the Halfway House, parish of Edder-
ton, and having ceased about four, bagged 171 brace of
grouse and one snipe. The portion of this moor tra-
velled over would not exceed three square miles. Sir
Charles was out on the 18:h instant, when, in
a few hours, he shot 15 brace of grouse—and again on
the 20th, when he bagged 19 brace. The after part of
this day was very stormy, with heavy showers of hail, and
the birds were very wild. The grouse were numerous and
the broods large. The young birds are well grown ; in
some instances they are as large as the old ones, and they
are rather wild. The average number in the broods will be
about seven. Only two very young birds and two pairs of
barren ones were seen, and there was no appearance of dis-
ease. At Braomore, on the 12th, Lords Alexander and
Berkeley Paget killed in five hours 261 brace grouse, 4
hares, 4 snipes, and 2 golden plovers. On the 15th Lord
Alexander Paget shot, after half-past 4 o'clock, 8/ braoe of
grouse, 1 hare, and 1 snipe. On the 16th Lord Berkeley
Paget and Captain Billington bagged 24 brace of grouse, 2
hares, 3 snipes, 1 plover, and 1, duck. On the 18th Lord
Berkeley Paget, in four hours, killed 23} brace of grouse, 3
hares, and 1 snipe; and on the 20th the Earl of Uxbridge
and Captain Billington bagged 18 brace of grouse, 3 hares,
and 1 snipe. On the Glenfield moors, on the 15th, Mr S.
Hargreaves shot 16 brace ; Mr G. P. Hill, 14 brace, Capt.
Scott, 11 brace ; Rev. C. %V. Leslie, 17 brace. On the 17th,
Captain Scott bagged 17± brace ; Rev. C. W. Leslie, 18
brace ; Mr Samuel Hargreaves, 26 brace ; and Mr G. P.
Hill, 18 brace. On the 19th Mr Samuel Hargreaves had a
bag of 28 brace; Captain Scott had 14 brace, and Rev. C.
W. Leslie, 13 brace. On the Invercharron moors Captain
Whittingstall and friend have had good sport. On the 15th
they had a hag of 69 brace ; on the 16th, 50± brace ; on the
17th, 64 brace; on the 18th, 72 brace ; on the 19th, 58 brace;
and on the 20th theyhad 2 roe deer, 2 brace grouse, 2 wood-
cocks, and 3 hares. From Strathbran we learn that the
sapreorptlsemnetyn
eafregrnenowee,iannadllntehteairdiesheoaoeteidngbirqdutaer tbeers. eeenT.hmerer
Morrison, who has taken a lease, has had good sport; he
killed about 90 brace, besides hares, in two or three days.
The forests aro also doing well, and the doer are in splendid
condition. Since the opening of the season, Mr J. Fitz-
gerald and party, at Strath Garve, have bagged upwards of
150 brace of grouse. The Hon, Messrs Calthorpe and Mr
G. Drummond shot 50 brace of grouse and 12 hares on the
18th, at Highfield. On the Fodderty moors Mr It. M. 0.
Massey and party bagged 300 brace of grouse in four
days. Mr Massey, jun., shot 33 brace in one day.—lnver-
ness Courier..

[ADVERTISEMENT.]—IiOIIOWay'S Ointment and Pillv.
Redemption from Disease.—The hidden cause, the unsus
pccted source of many a wasting sickness and failing
strength has been developed by these admirable Pills, and
the application of the Ointment to the malady thus disco-
Vered has rescued many valuable lives from a continued
torture and premature end, Pills in all the many forms
under which they afflict mankind, fistulas, strictures, infla-
mations, ulcerations internal, external, recent or chronic,
aro thus safely and speedily brought to a state of ease and
thence conducted to a lasting perfect cure. Both Ointment
and Pills are innocent in composition ; both are healing,
purifying end comforting; both are gentle in operation and
assist each other, ever helping, never harming nature's
Anowledged laws.

of eight chains radius, and that the gradients are as
high as 1 in 15 (those of Holborn-hill being only 1
in 18), it is surprising that the motion should be so

much steadier and pleasanter than ordinary railw
way travelling. The journey of GOO yards was per-
formed either way in about 50 seconds, with an at.

mospheric pressure of only 21 ounces to the square
inch ; but a higher rate of speed, if desirable, can
easily be obtained consistently with safety. Indeed,
one great incidental advantage of this species of loco-

motion is that it excludes all risks of the collisions

occasionally attendant on railway travelling, for it
is plain that no two trains could ever run full tilt
against each other where all the propelling force is
expended in one direction at one time. The worst
mishap which it is said could well happen is that,
owing to some sudden failure in the machinery, the
train might be abruptly brought to a dead stop in

the middle of the tunnel, when the passengers

would have to alight from the carriages and grope
their way as best they could out of the tube. Such

a predicament certainly would not be enviable, but
it might be more ludicrous than dangerous. Whe-
ther in such a contingency there is any possibility

of another train being started before they had safely
made their exit, or any risk of their sharing the

fate of frogs placed under en exhausted air pump,
we do not venture to assert, but probably the scien-
tific engineer could guarantee the traveller against

any such novel peril. The train used on Saturday

consisted of one very long, roomy, and comfortable
carriage, resembling an elongated omnibus, and
capable of accommodating some 30 or 35 passengers.
Patsengers enter this carriage •at zither end, and
ill:, entrances are closed with sliding glass doors.
Fined behind thv carriage there is a framework of
the same form and nearly the same dimensions 42
the sectional area of the tunnel ; and attached to the
outer edge of this frame is a fringe of bristles form-
ing a thick brush. As rho carriage mores along
through the tunnel the brumh comes in close contact
with the arched b:ielt work, so as to prevent the
I escape of the air. With this elastic collar round it,
the carriage forms a close fitting piston, against
which the propulsive force is directed. The motive
power is supplied in this way :—At the departure
station a large fan-wheel, with an iron disc, con-
cave in surface and 22 feet in diameter, is made to
revolve by the aid of a small stationary engine at
such speed as may be required, the pressure of the
air increasing, of course, according to the rapidity
of the evolutions, and thus generating the force no.
cessary to send the heavy carriage up a steeper in-
cline than is to be found upon any existing railway.
The disc gyrates in an iron case resembling that of
a huge paddlewheel ; and from its broad periphery
the particles of air stream off in strong currents.
When driving the air into the upper end of the
tunnel to propel the down train fresh quantities
rush to the surface of the disc to supply the partial
vacuum thus created; and, on the otter hand, when
the disc is exhausting the air in the tunnel with
the view of drawing back the up.train, the air
rushes out like an artificial hurricane from the
escape valves of the disc case, making the adjacent
trees shake like reeds and almost blowing off his
feet any inotittious spectator who approaches too
near it.

When the down journey is to be performed the
breaks are taken off the wheels, and the carriage
moves by its own momentum into the mouth of the
tube, passing in its course over a deep air-well in
the floor, covered with an iron grating. Up this
opening a gust of wind is sent by the disc, when a
valve, formed by a pair of iron doors, hung like
lock-gates, immediately closes firmly over the en-
trance of the tunnel, confining the increasing at•

mospheric pressure between the valve and the rear
of the carriage. The force being thus brought to
bear upon the end of the train, the latter, shut up
within the tube, glides smoothly along towards its
destination,the revolving disc keeping up the motive
power until it reaches the steep incline, whence its
own momentum again suffices to carry it the rest
of the distance. The return journey, as above indis
cated, is effected by the aid of the exhausting pro■
cess. At a given signal a valve is opened, and the
disc-wheel set to work in withdrawing the air from
the tube. Near the upper end of the tube there is
a large aperture, or side vault, which forms the
throat through which the air is, so to speak, exhaled,
the iron doors at the upper terminus still being kept
shut. In a second or two the train posted at the
lower terminus, yielding to the exhausting process
going on in its front, and urged by the ordinary
pressure of the atmosphere from behind, moves off
on its upward journey, and rapidly ascending the
incline approaches the iron gates, which fly open to
receive it, and it emerges at once into daylight.
Such is the mode in which the system works, and it
seems capable of being adapted to railway commu-
nication within the metropolis and other large towns,
or wherever tunnelled lines with steep gradients
exist. The chief obstacles encountered in practically
working the atmospheric railway, introduced some
15 years ago, are considered to have been effectually
overcome by the present modification of the peincin
pie. tinder the former system the tube was of a
very small size, and fixed upon the ground ; a lougi-
tudinal:or continuous valve opening at the top, along
which a rod, connecting the piston with the car-
riages, passed, and the valve closing behind the rod
as it moved onwards. The amount of atmospheric
pressure required to be exerted where the area of
the tube was so small was euormouv, being from 711)
to 10lb per square inch; whereas upon Mr Ram-
mell's principle the pressure is only 2oz per square
inch, and, moreover, the great leakage and waste
of power which rendered the old atmosphere system
so costly in working are here iu great measure
avoided. It need hardly be added that the worst
drawbacks to travelling through tunnels—viz.,
the smoke and eulphureous vapours emitted
from the lecometive and the close, unwholesome
atmosphere of the tunnels themselves—are in this
ease got rid of. Every train, iu fact, carries owe

the main line by a pointsman, but.
they
ha
gone far before a great crash took place.
they not
Oa the
line they were running there were two carriages
standing. The down carriages came into collision
with them, bat they were not at first thrown cif
the rails, and all dashed forward at a speed towards
the station. The two carriages alluded to bounded
forward when struck, but the runaways speedily
overtook them and ran them on the rails, following
the same course themselves imn.,..l.lately afterwards.
Here the accident assumed a most alarming cha-
racter—the carriages were crushing into each other,
rearing up and rolling over in all directions, and
the fearful momentum they had obtained caused
them to spread general aest. uution. Wheels, huge
pieces of iron, foot-boards, glass, carriage sides,
bolts, and chains literally strewed the ground. The
crash was terrible and the damage immense. Five
of the carriages—a first, three second, and one third
—were completely broken to pieces, Happily, no
one was in the carriages, if they had been occupied
every soul would have been cut up and killed on
the spot. If also the pointsman had not turned the
carriages upon the siding when they were coming
down the embankment there would have been a
dreadful catastrophe at the station. A passenger
train was waiting there when the carriages broke
loose, and it could not by any possibility have got
off the line, neither could the passengers have got
out of the carriages in which they were seated in
time to have escaped the collision which must have
ensued. After the accident several of the railway
officials were soon on the spot, and they secured a
number of men to clear the road, A huge fire was
made of the broken timber of the carriages for the
men to work by. It was not until this morning that
the debris was got oat of the way. To-day numbers
of people have visited the scene of the accident mit
of curiosity. The affair created much excitement
throughout the town and neighbourhood, for it has
put many in mind of the dreadful accident which
happened on the same branch of railway, and almost
under similar circumstances, at Helmahore, a few
years ago. On that occasion the carriages of an
excursion train broke loose from the engine, and ran
down an incline, the results of which are known to
all. There can be no doubt that the check which
the rear carriages would experience when left by
the engine was the sole cause of the accident last
night. The coupling hetwun the carriages is broken
at the end of the screw, but the iron appears to be
strong and sound, and nothing but a strain upon
the metal which it was never intended to bear could
have snapped it.

Lord Wharneliffe on the New Penal
Servitude Act.

- -
At the West Riding Intermediate Sessions, at
Sheffield, held on Friday, Lord Wharncliffe pre-
sided, and took the opportunity of making a re•
mark or two with reference to the changes that
have been lately introduced by the legislature in
the operation of the sentences pronounced at assizes
and quarter sessions. Formerly there was a great
deal of uncertainty in regard to the strictness or
otherwise with which sentences of penal servitude
were carried out. This was considered to be a great
evil, and the legislature had passed an act during
the last session, the effect of which was that when
a sentence of penal servitude was passed there could
be no doubt of the proportion of the time that the
convict must serve. It had been wisely decided,
however, still to leave room for certain remissions,
as rewards, not for ordinary good conduct, but for
increased industry and special good conduct, which
would doubtless be accepted as denoting a desire to
reform. Undor the now regulations, no sentence of
penal servitude could be passed for less than five
years, and the first nine months must be passed by
the convict in-solitary imprisonment. The remain-
der of the term is capable of diminution to the ex,
tent of one-fourth in case of the convict's superior
conduct and industry, bat he must serve three years
and four months out of the four years and three
months. Again, a prisoner who had been previously
convicted of felony, could not be sentenced to a less
term of penal servitude than seven years. There
were other provisions as to the granting revocation
of tickets-of-leave, which he need not dwell upon ;
but the act appeared to him to be a most salutary
one, and well calculated to deter persons from crime
because of the certainty of their punishment being
made a reality; Another topic of considerable in-
terest ho would briefly refer to, namely, the change
that had taken place since the last sessions by the
holding of assizes at Leeds. The-grand jury were
aware that there had been an antagonism between
various towns, and that the Privy Council had de-
cided to give the assizes to Leeds; and it was not
for him to say—although he opposed the change—
that they had not decided wisely. The town of
Sheffield had done all that was within their power
to get the assizes held here; but he wished it to go
before the public as widely as possible, that, in his
opinion, the town could not fairly call upon Govern-
ment to incur any expense or to give them the ad-
vantage of assizes, whilst they neglected to do that
which almost every other large town had done,
namely, to appoint their own recorder, and have a
separate quarter sessions for their borough. If Shef-
field wished to attain the position which Leeds had
secured, she must begin by doing as Leeds did—apt
point a recorder and get a court of borough sessions.
Justice would be better administered by a recorder,
who would be, of course, well acquainted with the
law, than by a bench of lay magistrates ; and it
would be found that the attendance of magistrates
would be much larger when the work of the see.
sione was so materially lightened. It was a fact that
30 per cent. of the cases tried at these sessions were
such as would be disposed of by the Recorder of
Sheffield, because they arose within the limits of the
borough. In disposing of the cases that came be.
fore him, hie lordship carried out to the full the new
instructions, and several notorious thieves were sen-
tenced to long terms of penal servitude.

. SALMON FLUTING IN TTI F. TAT.--The salmon "14
mg by net in the Tay and its tributaries was ended
o, n Friday, after the most. unsuccessful season for the last
30 years. In the past week a great number of tacksruen
most of the stations ga" up
between the Linn of Canipsis and the mouth of the Earn
have given up fishing altogether. In fact, the tackamen of
fishing on Tuesday night, and
there is no doubt that there has been a loss of several
thousand pounds to the occupiers of fishings in the past
season. With regard to the red fishing—which is now
about to commence—there are aro doubts as to whether
i it will end on the 30th September or the 10th October,—.
Scotsman,

Ityß. ALFRED MELLON'S CONCERTS
EVERY EVENING, at kight.
ROY A L ITALIAN OPERA HOUSE, COVENT-GARDENrrodus.
Wile.. C. Patti, Mdlle. Krebs ; Mr. Levy, Mr. Ca,
Mr. Hughes, and Ali Ben Sou-alle. The " Faust " Selec—
tion, by the Orchestra of One Hundred Performers and the
Rand of the Coldstream Guards.
Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON.
Promenade, Amphitheatre Stalls, and Amphitheatre, One
ra, tiling ; Dress Circle, 2s. 6d. ; Private Boxes, £1 ls. and
Cd.
The Box Office is open from 10 till 5.
On Thursday next, the Second Mendelssehn Night.
The Beethoven Night will be repeated on Thursday, Sep-
tember S.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.-
Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining.
',MIS EVENING, BORN TO GOOD LUCK. Paddy
Vitafferty, Mr. Dominick Murray.
Atter which, THE bTREET3 OF LONDON. Messrs.
J. W. Ray, D. Fi her, D. Murray, J. Nelson, H.
Fo."re-ter. H. Mellon ; .Mrs. Henry Ma:ston, Miss Emma
Bar.lett, and Miss F .nny Gwynne.

NW TtIEATRE-RO YA L,
aolo froorl.tor and Mana,er, Al 7. B. Webster.
THIS EVENING, A WOMAN OF BUSINESS. Messrs.
J. L Toole, Billington, and Mr.. Stirling.
After waicb, MASKS AND FACES. Messrs. 13. Webster,
Bedford, R. Phillips, Billington, Stuart; Mrs. btirling,
Mks. Billington. and Miss H. Simms.
To conclude with THE ACTOR'S RETREAT. Messrs.
J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, R. Phillipa, and Miss
Woolg4r.
Commence at 7.

,CIOUNTR Y and SEASIDE DRESSES.
J Messrs. JAY, of Regent-street, have now in stock a
%,.Iriety of WASHING DRO-inbS, sultatle for the
country and seaside, and at the c•earmg-out puke of only
lis. 6d. the dress.

JAY'S,
247, 24D, and 251, Regent-street.

he p
material has air 'rice of Silks in the raw
BLACK SILKS.--T
already rsen 15 per cent., and it will soon
centage. Messrs. JAY,
retch a far greater Per therefore,
invite their numerous patrons to take advantage of the stock
they have on hand. which they can now dispo.e of on favour-
able terms ; but the same qualities will naturally b. more
Costly as the price of silltfluctuates to a higher average
JAY'S,
217,219, and 2M, Regent-street.

C
OALS.—The ULU
0:21,1
Direct from thei:

SHALL COMPANY'S
LS.
• own Collieries.

----- -- ---
Marquis' 235. per ton. I Double.. 20s. per ton.
Top 225. „ i Deep ....215. „
Well screened and delivered within five miles of their De-
pots, Westbourne Park-road, W., and 17, South Wharf
Paddington, W., and Maiden-lane, N.
Best Coke
Terms cash.

JOHN SCOTT, Sole !:.gent

THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN,"
j_ Containing the Latest SPOUTING INTELLIGENCE,
Can be had Every Evening. of
G. K. GLif.NIE, NEWS AGENT,
No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park.

THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN
supplied, as soon as published every Evening by
JIKNItY _BROOKS, Newspaper Agent, 21, Old Cavendish-
street, W.

HIGH WATER. AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Morning, h. m.—Afternoon, 12h. 34m
o-strnmovr.-Morning, 12h. 58m.—Afternoon. lh. 20m,

%.4•
4S, iii.L.L64.,„
49,41WW1 4441.11

LONDON, MONDAY, AUGUST 29, 1864,

If there is any one man upon the European Conti-
nent who, himself not an Englishman, does, never-
theless, thoroughly understand our English Consti-
tution, that man is, beyond all manner of doubt,
CIIARLES the Count de MONTALEMBERT. If there

is, on the contrary, any one man, any where die.
coverable upon the European Continent, who does
not, the least bit in the world, understand our Con.
stitution, its nature, its mechanism, its working—
that man we should now quite as confidently
assert is, equally beyond a doubt, in our
mind, M. the Dake DE PERSIGNY. But
yesterday, so to speak, we should hardly have sup-
posed that the ignorance of the latter (in our regard)
was so complete and so absolute. M. DE PERSIGNY
we knew, nay, for that matter, we had pleasure in
remembering, had himself personally resided here
amongst us, in England, in London, and that for
several years, as the Emperor NAP oLEoN's ambas-
sador to the Court of Sc. James's. Upon his recall
from that post, to the end that he might assume a
ministerial office of the highest responsibility, in
its way, amongst his own ccultrymen, it will be
remembered how very gracious, nay, what was
far more, how very propitious were his allusions
to the liberties of speech and of writing enjoyed
here, in this country, by the subjects of the
British Crown. These allusions augured wells
Augured the very best, for the emanci-
petion, if not immediately, at any rate
very soon afterwards, of the Press—of France
generally, of Paris in particular. How futile were
such anticipations, hardly a journalist of any im-
portance in France bat knows full well—some
among them, even, to their cost. M. DE PERSIONY so
long as he remained Minister of the Interior ruled
the French Press, not with a spray of olive, but
rather with a rod of iron. His retirement from
office left that Press still in its old thraldom—only
—with the galling shackles draws a little tighter,
thanks to his benign system of administration !
And, now, indiscreet though he has been often
enough before, and that, upon certain occa-
sions, rather flagrantly it should be said—M. de
PERSIGNY has within the last week surpassed even
the most flagrant among all his former indiscretions
by his astounding speech at St. Etienne!
That speech in which he proposed as a
toast the health of his Imperial master, "NAPOLEON
lll."—(this absolutely being M. DE PERSIGNY'S
way of putting it)—" the Emperor NAPOLEON 111.,
the Founder of Liberty in France I" What was
it TALLEYRAND hinted, so wisely, to one of his
diplomatic agents, some ingenious youth, we will
suppose, who was probably burning to distinguish
himself—O, that M. DE PERSIGNY could somehow
have borne the familiar phrase opportunely in his
remembrance before delivering hie speech the other
day at St. Etienne—Pas de zele ! "NAPOLEON M.
the Founder of Liberty in France!" M. de PRESS
SIGNY, it is simply the wrong word that, in your
over zeal, you have selected. The Founder or the re.
storer of Order, if you will—Yes! The vigorous
restorer of Order ! The magnificent embellisher of
Paris! The daring revivifier of the Napoleonic
Empire ! The rehabilitater of the imperial dynasty
established by the later. and greater than, CHARLES
MAGNE ! Nay, for that matter—we will even go so
far as to believe it—the intending Founder (when
he shall himself deem the right time to have
arrived) the intending Founder, or rather (to
be a trifle more accurate) the intending Restorer
of Liberty to France ! All that, if you like,
M. DE PERSIGNY, when speaking of the
great man who now for more than a dozen
years has ruled the destinies of France with so
much power and splendour, but who has yet to
fulfil his own fair promise of "crowning" the
edifice he has himself built up anew, almost,
we might say, from its very foundations !
While eulogising NAPOLEON 111. thus ex-
travagantly, as the Founder of Liberty in
France, M. DE pERSIGNY caolly essayed to jus-
tify his hyperbolical encomium by contrasting, or,
rather, by placing
bide by side in comparison with
with each other, the Constitution of England
end the Constitution of France ! Evidenc-
ing in this, while he did 80,
such astound.
ing ignorance an to what it is thE.t really
constitutes the former, that he
actually
went the length of saying in
this mar-
a
vellous speech of his at St. Etienne, that—
" There is there (in Engle nd, that is) a Whole poli-
tical class, scattered all over the surface of the
country, which being a traditional heir to the Con.
quest, possesses, since the days of William the
Conqueror, all existing means of influence, which
administers the counties, which renders justice,
Which- collects taxes (!) secures public order; and,

in a word, enjoys all the prerogatives which, ia
France, belong to the administrative hierarchy."
Sufficient, will it be, here, to direct attention, in
passing, to the words above italicized—words that
we should hardly have expected could ever by e,ny
po3sibility have fallen from the lips of a sc,me•
time French Ambassador to the Court 01 St.
James's ! However all this may b e—the
Aroniteur du Moir has ingeniously end'Avoured
to " let down," as far as might be in any way
possible after so preposterous an c,scapade the
perpetrator of this Gargantuan or Brobdingnsgian
panegyric. Quoth the official paper just mentioned,
in touching upon this most delicate indiscre•
tion "M. DE PERSIGNY explained the toast
(to NAPOLEON 111. Founder of Liberty in
France) in a speech, wherein he demonstrated,
that the conditions of liberty were not the
same in all countries—[we should think not, in.
deed !]—that France could only be a loser by bor-
rowing from her neighbours institutions which are
not adapted to her social state—[perfectly jest and
admirably well put !]—that she required a kind of
liberty—[ahem!]—suitable to her temperament, and
that that sort of liberty she had received at the
EMPEROR'S hands." "That sort of liberty!"—
precisely. " Very good of its kind, but the
sort's queer"—is a homely colloquialism that
has here (thanks to the 211oniteur du Soir's way of
putting the above extenuation of M. de PERSIGNY)
a colloquialism, we say, that has here its dis-
tinct application ! No—surely, surely, never did
mortal man have more reason to exclaim, " Save
me from my friends," than the reigning Emperor
NAPOLEON. A great man he unquestionably
is. Whatever Mr. KINGSLAKE, et hoc genus
ne, may think of CHARLES LOUIS NA-
POLEON BONAPARTE-210W the Emperor NAPOLEON
lll.—a great man he has shown himself to be, a
great man he indisputably is, but not the Founder
of Liberty in France ! The Restorer of Order in
France, if you will—the Preserver of Peace again
and yet again among the nations of Europe—the
magnanimous ally (at times under every imaginable
provocation)—Yes, the magnanimous ally of Eng.
land—himself, on the battle-field, the victorious
leader of French armies—the Liberator of Lombardy
in the old world, of Mexico in the new, the former
from Austrian domination, the latter from a ruinous
state of chronic anarchy—a powerful Sovereign, a
profound Statesman, a skilled master in the art of
war (instance his Italiaa campaign) a successful
administrator, in a word, to repeat the simple
phrase with which we commenced—a great
man, but not—at any rate, not as yet M. DE PER-
SIGNY—not the Founder of Liberty in France !
NAPOLEON lll—great and gifted monarch though
he is—has never, himself, to this day, been crowned !
And, for that matter, the same must, in truth, be
said of ,the majestic edifice his powerful hand has
built up anew there in France—that stately edifice of
the Napoleonic Empire, which, according to the
promise of NAPOLEON 111., is yet, in the fulness of
time, to be crowned—with that most radiant
diadem of all—Liberty !

It seems as if we are to have no respite from the
conflicting opinions which are entertained relative
to matters connected with the American war. As
the prospects of peace are most indefinite, it is the
more unsatisfactory that these vexed questions
should be constantly arising. The chief disadvan-
tage under which all labour when these difficult
topics are discussed is that the conduct of our Go-
vernment is inconsistent and uncertain to the last.
If there are wrongs to be redressed who shall say
they will be attended to with alacrity; if there are
investigations to make they may be postponed in-
definitely, and so on to the end of the chapter. The

set scandal committed by the Fe;lerais has been
,he capture of the " Georgia," and it seems quite
an uncalled for act on their part. The whole cir.
eumstances of the case seem to show that the most
unwarrantable liberty has been taken with a vessel
which was pursuing a harmless trade, and cer-
tainly at the time of her capture was not inter-
fering in any manner directly or indirectly with
the United States Government. It will be much
less irritating to peruse the details of this transac-
tion had we a hope or belief that justice would be
rendered, and that the offending parties would be
treated by onr Government with the determina-
tion whieh is needed. There is too much reason
to fear on the contrary that there will be a long list
of communications, questions, and answers which
will little avail in the emergency, and the inquiry
will leave the matter very much as it finds it. One
decided act is worth a hundred speeches, and
it is always found that the shortest muse
to be adopted is the surest one i❑ the end.
Mr BATES has been most unfairly treated, and it is
putting the affair in its correct form to say that he
has a right to demand satisfaction. It is the
bounden duty of the Government to protect him,
and the further this matter is investigated the
plainer it will appear his case is a very hard one.
The ship was registered as a British one on the
30th June, and it seems difficult therefore to deter.
mine how all the impertinence of Federal effron-
tery, and the assurance of their friends over here,
from Earl RUSSELL downwards, can make it out to
be bona Me American property. When it had
been clearly settled that Mr BATES was entitled to
the ownership, negotiations were entered into with
the representatives of the Portuguese Government.
These were desirous of engaging a steamer to pro-
ceed tp the Portuguese settlements on the West
Coast of Africa. It is perfect nonsense to say that
this was in any way prejudicial to the American
Government ; and if, as is stated, tho officers of the
Niagara were in Liverpool some time, they must
have had ample opportunities of finding out
this important information for themselves.
It is most extraordinary that the difference
cannot be seen between a Confederate
vessel and one that has been transferred to an
English owner. There was not even the ex-
cuse to be alleged that she was about to run the
blockade, for it had been arranged that her desti-
nation was in quite a different quarter, and her
basinees had nothing whatever to do with the
Americans. It is therefore not too much to expect
that some practical attention will be paid to this
affair, and that for once our Government will give
themselves the trouble to institute inquiries with
the intention of arriving at an impartial conclusion.
It is time that some decision should be come to in
these matters, for there will be great loss and an.
nuance, besides the dignity of the country will be
compromised if affairs are left to the uncontrolled
jurisdiction of Yankee opinions. Their estimate of
national rights and customs was pretty well evi-
denced by their capture of the Confederate agents
on board of the Trent, and their whole conduct since
has been in keeping with that initiatory act which
inaugurated their proceedings in a very charac•
terietic manner. Had our Mininters gone on in the
way they began, and distinctly told the Government
at Washington that if they interfered with the
rights of our subjects and inflicted insults on
this country, it would be a casus belli,
then different things would have turned out.
We should not then have beard so much of arro-
gant boasting and ridiculous assumption on our
part, or seen so much annoyance and rigorous treat-
ment received on the other. Since the beginning

THE SUN, LONDOIi

of the American war -a
change for the worse has
come over the minds of our administrators, and
there seems to be a total lack of all that sense of
discernment and spirit of enterprise which should
rule and actuate the minds of men in their high
position. The Federals are about the most unfor•
tunate people in the world to treat with such laxity,
and hence there has been a never-ending scene of
recrimination taking place. Infatuated as they are,
Ministers cannot stop the complaints or silence the
murmurs of those who feel how greatly they
have been wronged, and altogether we witness
a state of things quite incompatible with the
dignity, and at variance with the rights of this
great country. This last spoliation that has been
effected is quite outrageous, and it is earnestly to
be hoped that the affair of the Georgia will inau-
gurate a new era in the annals of this American
controversy, or rather restore to us a glimpse of the
days that are over, when no nation was too great,
too powerful, or too highly favoured to interfere
with our rights with impunity. The English flag
was once a sure protection, but now it seems to be
pointed out as a signal for insults and injuries to all
beneath its shadow. Both on individual and national
grounds it is of the highest consequence that this
affair be speedily and satisfactorily settled. Mr
BATES has a claim on his Government that they surely
cannot in conscience, honour, and honesty refuse
to disregard, and we cannot better conclude these
remarks than by quoting a passage from the
Liverpool Courier which most fully illustrates the
affair. "Itis a novel thing for a British ship, with
a bona fide British register on board, and ad-
mittedly engaged in legitimate commerce, to be
forcibly taken possession of and sent into a prize
court upon the shallow pretext that at some former
period, and while under different ownership, she
was engaged in hostilities against the Federal
States." It will be well if Earl RUSSELL ponders
over this plain statement of facts, and they are not
to be slighted with impunity, for the honour and
interests of the community are at stake if our
Foreign Minister can stoop so low as to sanction
this base infringement of the rights of a subject and
this affront put upon the flag of our country.

THE HEIR TO VICTOR EMMANUEL'S CROWN.—
PRINCE UMBERTO, says a contemporary, is only
20, but looks older : ho is very like his father; his face is
bronzed by exposure to wind and weather, and his whole
' appearance savours far more of the " warrior grim" than of
the "carpet knight so trim." His features are irregular,
but there is something frank, open, and manly in his coun-
tenance that is likely to make him popular among a military
people.
THE DEATH OF KING LOUIS PHILIPPE.—Friday
being the anniversary of the death of King Louis
Philippe (who died at Claremont August 26, 1850), the
members and immediate friends of the family met at Woe,-
bridge to visit the vault in which his remains lie, and to
hold a solemn service in reverence of his memory. The
chapel under which the vault is formed is situated in the
private grounds of Miss Taylor, who, at her own expense,
maintains the fabric and service, In this vault were first de-
posited the remains of the first pastor of the congregation
attending the chapel, and likewise those of the founder—
Mr James Taylor. Subsequently, on the death of the exiled
King, it became the temporary receptacle of his body. for
on the tomb we find the inscription "Donee Deo adjuvants
in patriam avitos inter cineres transferantur." The cere-
mony was arranged to commence at a quarter to 11, and
by that time there were among those who had joined the
venerable Queen Amelia in this tribute of love and respect
the Prince and Princess Joinville, the Duke de Penthievre,
the Duke and Duchess de Montpeasier and their daughters
Princesses Amelia and Christine, Infantes d'Espagne, with
the Marchioness de Sella in attendance, the Duke and
Duchess de Chartres, the Count and Countess de Paris, with
Captain Morhain and the Marquis de Beauvoir in attend-
ance, together with other ladies and gentlemen attending on
the different branches of the family. About eleven o'clock
Queen Amelia led the way to the chapel, where a special
Mass for the dead was performed, with a Gregorian re-
quiem, the officiating priest being Mr Cumberbach, of the
Chapel, Weybridge, while the musical part of the service
was conducted by Mr and Misses Butler, of London.—
Surrey Coinet,
THE DUKE OF NEWCASTLE,—,The Nottingham
_Expras has good authority for saying that the statements
which are now in circulation to the effect that his grace has
experienced any relapse, or is in any way worse since his
arrival at Clumber, are entirely without foundation. A letter
was received from the duke this week by a gentleman in
Nottingham, in which he expressed himself as being con-
siderably improved in health.
OUTWARD AMERICAN MAILS.—On Saturday the
Cunard royal mail steamer Scotia sailed from the
Mersey for Now York with mails for the United States,
also a large cargo and about 50 passengers. The Inman
steamer City of Manchester will leave the Mersey on Wed-
nesday next, also for New York, with the United States
mails. Letters, &c., will be received at the Liverpool Ge-
neral Post-office until 10 o'clock (forenoon, and via Cork
till 8.30 p.m.
THE SLAVE TRADE ON THE COAST OF AFRICA.—
It is reported that the slave trade has been carried on very
briskly for some time past by means of steamers of such a
class that our cruisers have no chance of catching them. One
steamer of about 900 tons had got away three times, each
time well laden with negroee. The barraccons are full.-
3t. Helena Guardian.
ENCOURAGEMENT OF HIGHLAND SPORTS.—His
Royal Highness the Prince of Wales has signified
his intention of giving five pounds as a prize to the best
dancer of Ghillie Callum, the sword dance, at the Braemar
Highland games on Thursday next. The Countess of Fife
is to give a like sum to the best strathspey and reel dancer,
and Lieutenant-Colonel Farquharson, of Invercauld, is to
present £5 to the bust runner of a half-mile race.—. Dundee
Advertiser.

THE INSPECTOR-GENERAL OF VOLUNEEERS.—
Colonel MiMurdo has announced his approaching
retirement from the office of Inspector-General of Volun-
teers, which he has filled with such conspicuous success.
He does do in consequence of the rule limiting the tenure
of staff appointments to five years, and under this regulation
each of the assistant inspectors will also relinquish his post
at the completion of his term of service. However much we
may regret to see Col. M'Murdo lay down an appointment
in which it will be most difficult to replace him adequately'
althouh ee may be sorry that the valuable services of some
of his efficient assisstants will be lost to the public, we can-
not but respect the fidelity with which the War-office ob-
serves its own regulations, and declines to fellow the bad
example of the Horse Guards, where they have been shame-
fully violated. How the authorities in Whitehall can talk
of regulations, when the quartermaster-general has been
nearly nine years, and one of the deputy adjutant-generals
almost as long, in their places, in defiance of all regulation,
is more than we can account for.—Army and Xavy Oazzaia.
A BRAVE WOMAN.—Some few days ago, some
very young children were playing in a boat in
Teignmouth harbour. A little boy, between two or three
years of age, overbalanced himself, and fell into a depth of
five or six feet of water. The accident being observed by
two women, they both instinctively rushed into the river
to his rescue. One of them, however, finding herself getting
beyond her depth, retired ; but the other woman, named
Sally Shiggins, wife of one of the lifeboat's crew, pushed for-
ward, and swam a few feet to the child's rescue. She caught
him some depth below the surface, and as he was sinking,
and afterwards safely brought him ashore. The child was
found to be nearly insensible, and must have perished in
the absence of Mrs Shiggin's courageous conduct. Her
husband has been for some years past one of the lifeboat's
crew, and has often assisted in saving life from shipwreck.
HER MAJESTY'S STUD.—The General Steam
Navigation Company's steamship Princess Royal, which
arrived at Granton from London on Friday morning,
brought eleven horses and three carriages belonging to her
Majesty. The horses and carriages will remain in Edin-
burgh till Monday morning, when they will be despatched
per rail to Perth, to be employed in the procession at the
inauguration of the Albert statue.—Scotsman.

MISS JANE HILL, a sister of the late General
Lord Hill, died recently at the ago of ninety-three.
ICE IN AUGUST.-0a Thursday morning, the 25th
inst., a piece of ice was taken from an iron sheep trough at
Kidlington, near Oxford, which, after being carried half a
measut ed 12 inches in length and was as thick as com-
mon window glasa. The next morning ice was taken from
the bottom of a punt on the river ME, near Medley-lock,
Oxford, as thick as a sixpence.
_ _•

MR. JUSTICE WILLIAMS.--We are glad to state
that the learned judge, who is still at Exeter, is very much
improved in health. On Friday his Lordship was drawn
out in a Bath chair for an hour.

Two ONE-LEGGED ('OM lANDERS.—It is observed
by those curious in coincidences that both the commanders-
in-chief of the confronting armies at Atlanta, Hood and
Sherman, have left a leg on the battle-field. General
Sherman has, however, physically an advantage over his
opponent in the use of both arms, while General Hood has
only a stump in the place of one of his. General Sherman
lost his leg in the repulse from Port Hudson, General Hood
in the victory of Chickamauga.-27;e
M. DE LA3IARTINE'S NEW PLAY.—L'lllustra•
Lion gives currency to a rumour that M. do Lamartino is
engaged on a play detained for the Theatre Francais,