The Sun.
London, England, 1852-06-17 00:00:00

TITURSDAY

EVENING, JUNE 1

1-IE,ILTHOF LONDON DURING THE; WEEK.
(From the Registrar-General's Report.)
The mortality of the metropolitan districts, which in
:le previous week rose to 1 000, declined in Vie week
that ended last Saturday to 898. In the ten weeks cor-
responding to last week of the years 1842.51 the average
number of deaths was 872, which, with a correction for
increase of population, becomes 959. The present re-
turn, therefore, exhibits an amount less than the esti-
mated number by 61.
In the table of fatal cases it appears that the class of
zymotic or epidemic diseases numbers 209 cases, which
nearly coincides with the corrected average; tubercular
diseases, including phthisis,, 181 cases; diseases of the
organs of respiration, 110, which is also near the usual
amount of the season. In the week that ended
May 15 bronchitis was reported as having been fatal to
79 persons; thereafter it declined, and the uniformity of
its rate of mortality during the four weeks that followed
deserves notice. In the week ending the 22d of May 50
deaths were referred to it, in the next week 49, and
in each of the two following also 49. Pneumonia ex-
hibits a decrease, having been fatal in the last two weeks
in 53 and 43 cases respectively.
Among the 21 complaints of which the epidemic class
is composed, scarlatina and smallpox last week produced
the greatest number of deaths, the former having been
fatal in 45 case, the latter in 36. It will be seen, 'also,
from the registrars' reports that scarlatin abounds in some
quarters. Nine of the victims of smallpox were of 15
years of age and upwards; and with regard to five whose
ages were respectively 7 months, and 2, 22, 26, and 27
years, it is stated that vaccination had been previously
performed. Four deaths wore registered that occurred
in the Smallpox Hospital, the particulars of which are as
follow:
On the 6th of June a porter from Middle-yard, Great
Queen-street, aged 24 years, "smallpox, confluent, un-
protected (13 days)."
On the 6th of June a wine-cooper, from William.
street, Pimlico, aged 27 years, "smallpox, confluent,
unmodified (16 days)." Vaccinated in infancy at Strood,
Kent; one pretty good cicatrix.
On the 9th of June a carpenter from King-street-
terrace, Islington, aged 23 years, "smallpox, confluent,
unprotected (29 days)."
On the 10th of June a female servant, from Victoria-
road, Kentish-town, aged 21 years, " smallpox, confluent,
unprotected (15 days)."
In the rectory sub-district of Marylebone, at 5, Ken-
dal's-mews, on the 4th of Juno, a girl, aged 2 years.
died of " confluent small-pox, unvaccinated (3 weeks),"
and at 16, James-street, on the 12th of June, a girl,
aged 7 years, died of " variola (7 days), unvaccinated."
Mr. Joseph, the registrar, adds:—" Smallpox is exceed-
ingly rife in my district at present. The houses of the
poor are continually visited by me for the purpose of
vaccination; but although the prevalence of this disease
and its fatal results are known, yet it is well nigh
im-
possible to overcome the dislike which the poor enter-
tain to the means of prevention." On 3d of June at
13, Windmill-street, Lambeth, the sou of a labourer,
eged five years, died of " variola (seven days), unvac-
cinated." Mr. Mears states that " the mother assigned
as the reason why vaccination had been neglected that
the child had been weakly from birth." The state of
Windmill-street and its environs, with their heaps of
dung and garbage, has been repeatedly described. Mr.
Butterfield, of the east sub-district, Islington, regis-
tered three children who died of smallpox; in one
Case it was doubted whether avaccination had been
performed, in another it had been omitted through
neglect, in another from ignorance of the parents.
The medical attendant of the last case writes on hie
certificate as follows : " There can be no doubt
that the present system of vaccination is radically
bad ; fatal epidemics of smallpox will be fre-
quently prevalent unless an improved system is este-
.aished." In Haggerstone West, at 11, Labtirnam-
terrace, on Bth June, the son of a watchmaker, aged
seven months, died of "smallpox (three weeks) con-
vulsions (20 hours)e vaccinated five weeks ago with
affect." It is mentioned by Mr. Bowring that " this is
the second child that has fallen a victim to this disease
within a month in the same house."
In the sub-district of Kensington Mr. Gorhem regis-
tered four deaths from scarlatina, two of which, along
with the death of a child from " convulsions," occurred
.n one house, 10, Addison-terrace. The three inmates of
.his house who died were a gentleman, his wife, and
ion. The Registrar was told that a " prejudice existed
.n the mind of the gentlemad against medical treatment.
ae recently returned from Scotland, where it ap-
pears that scarlatina maligns was raging. A few days '
after his arrival home one of his children was taken
ill with this disease; he refused to send for medical aid
until all hope of recovery was past; five days thereafter
he died of the same complaint; three days afterwards
ttis wife also died; her sister, who came from the
country to attend them, was seized with the
malady, was removed from the house, and has since
died. One servant and two other children also suffered
from the same disease, but were removed to Brighton,
and, it is stated, have no rrcovered." The Registrar
ass made an inspection of the house, but cannot trace
anything prejudicial to health. The gentleman was ec-
centric in his habits, having been known to live for
many months on brown bread and water, although pos.
bossed of large property.
In Pentoaville, at 9, Chapel-place, on the Bth of June,
the son of an omnibus conductor, aged 3 years, died of
" scarlatina (8 days), angina maligns (3 days);" at 2,
Mount Zion, on the sth of June, the daughter of a drover,
aged 1 year, of "scarlatina, acute meningitis, pericarditis,
broncho-pneumonia;" and at 2, Russell-place, on the 7th of
June, the son of a porter, aged 3 years, died of " malig-
nant scarlatina (9 days)." Mr. Pyne was informed that
" scarlatina is still raging very mveh in these localities ;
the houses are small and very thickly iuhabited by poor
persons; the di ainage is very bad, and the smell arising
from it very offensive. Almost every family has had
part of it ill with the disease."
In South St. Giles's, at 15, Little White Lion-street,
on tho 29th of May, the daughter of a barman, aged
3 years, died of "hydrocephalus (4 days)." o Tbis
child (says Mr. Faulkner) was kept after death nearly
a fortnight; in the meantime another child, aged 5
years, died from typhoid fever, and the bodies were
not removed until some neighbours complained to
the authorities, who caused them to be taken away im-
mediately. Informant states that the parents were
averse to have the children buried by the parish, and
were all this time endeavouring to raise the money for
burial. Another child is very ill; five:persons live in
the room, which is very small."
At 116, Waterloo-road, on the 3d of Jane, a tailor,
aged 63 years, died of "anthrax (4 weeks)."
On the 6th of June, at St. Luke's workhouse,
a girl aged ono year, died of " diarrhoea from
destitution;" on the 21st of February, at 6, Sey-
mour-place, Marylebond, a man, aged 56 years
from " exhaustion, caused by disease of the lungs and
want of food." Inquest. Post•mortem. And on the
13th sf March, at 12, Adam-street West, Marylebone, a
boy, aged 17 weeks, from " disease of the lungs, caused
by improper food." Inquest. Post-mortem.

STATE OF THE WEATHER DURING THE PAST WEEK.
SUNDAY.—The clouds were occasionally broken during the
afternoon, otherwise the sky was covered with stratus and
cirrostratus. Rain fell during the morning. Electricity—
Positive, and tension weak during the afternoon.
MONDAY.--The sky was overcast throughout the day;
cirrostratus. Rain fell generally. Electricity—Nothing was
shown throughout the day.
TUZSDAT.—The sky was overcast till Gh. r.ar., and the
amount of cloud was variable afterwards; cirrostratus.
Rain fell during the morning and afternoon. Electricity—
Positive, and tension weak during the afternoon.
WEDNESDAY.—The sky was overcast throughout the day.
Rain fell heavily, and almost without intermission. Elec-
tricity—Negative, and very active during the morning;
sparks were shown.

TIIIIRSDAY.—The sky was overcast till sh. P.M., soon
after which time the clouds became broken, and during the
remainder of the day the sky was for the most part clear.
Rain fell during the morning and afternoon. Electricity—
Nothing was shown throughout the day.
FRIDAY.—The sky was overcast till evening, and the
amount of cloud was variable afterwards ; cum ulostratus and
cirrostratus. An aurora at nieht, and the magnets were
much disturbed. Electricity—Nothing was shown through-
out the day.

SAVIRDAY.—The sky was overcast throughout the day;
cirrostratus. Thin rain fell occasionally. Electricity—
Nothing was shown during the morning. The apparatus
was under repair afterwards.
The mean reading of a thermometer placed on the main-
mast, and read each day at 9h. A.M. was 55.5 u; and the mean
reading at 9h. P.M. was 55'2° ; the mean readings at the
Royal Observatory for the same times were 55.214 and 53.7 Q
respectively.
The reading of the' barometer decreased from 2966 in.
at the beginning of the week to 29•34 in. by 3h. P.M. on the 7th;increased to 29.51 in. by 9h. P.M. on the Bth; de-
creased to 29'10 in. by 9.h. Rat on the 9th; remained at this
reading, nearly, till 9h. r.ar. on the 10th ; decreased to 29.36
in. by 9h. A.M. on the 11th ; and increased to 29'61 in. by
the end of the week.

A company has been formed for the construction of
a railway in the presidency of Madras. The capital is to be
500,0004 in shares of 201. each, with a guaranteed interest
from the East India Nouse of 4i- per cent , and the line
is to proceed from the city of Madras into the interior,
passing through Conjeveram, Wallajanuggur. and Vel-
lore, and ultimately reaching Bangalore. The facilities
for the work, as regards the nature of the country,
are stated to be unquestionable, and the existence of a large
population throughout the route, and the absence of all com-
petition from water carriage, are likewise referred to as cir-
cumstances that would give a certainty of success to the un-
dertaking, wholly
In the first instance only a single line of rails is to be laid
apart from the security of the guarantee.
down, so as to enable the road to be carried as far as the
capital will permit, and to insure the earliest return of
profit. The general conditions of the contract with the East
India Company are precisely the same as those entered into
with regard to the railways already in course of construc-
tion in Bombay and Bengal, with the exception that in
those cases the guarantee is 5 per cent. The lands are to be
granted for 99 years free of charge. On the opening of
the line one-half of any surplus beyond hli per cent.
is to be applied to reimburse the India House for the
interest they may have already paid, after which the railway
company will take the whole, subject to the right reserved
by the Government of requiring a reduction of fares when-
ever the dividend shall exceed 10 per cent. The India
House are also to have the power of purchasing the line at the
end either of 25 or 50 years at a price equal to the average
value of the shares for the three preceding years ; and, e`ni
the other hand, the Company, after it shall have been ()Vald
id
three months, may at any time surrender it altogether,
demand the return of their capital.
\ e they so er
excitement—felons rest quietly the night beF.r
bered at the
Indians, in the intervals of torture, have slumbered
sleep fell
SLEEP.—Men sleep during periods of distresirsin!
stake. " With mesas the author of Y
Member to have ever
soft on the hardest beds and I doh not
rsetTetched myself be..
enjoyed a deeper repose than when
neath a walnut-tree after the fight o
of Mont St. Jean, I
the battle of Waterloo.
harrassed and hungry, at the retreat
Advices from Odessa' awet rye the night before
ftiQuatre Bras ; or when,
couched in my cloak on a sword °. ,
plies from the interior, and
Soldar s Life.
tnhoetweixthpsetoatnadtiionog
ofan "—Aof the 4th instant, state that
sthhiepspartiielel ofae e
kiwheatilg
frei h
g t
well maintained. The number
..,
tinueu firmness,
was the cause 0014 c9i1...
Livsaenif:o;ispit

IRELAND.
THE CORK EXiIIBITION.

The Lord-Li7,TienaT,t hu.s Ltddresseq ;he following
let:cr to the Mayor of Cork:—
" Viceregal-Lodge, June 14.
" Sir,—l am directed by the Lr,rd•Deuteclnt to ex-
press to you the great pleasure be exp,rienc d during
his recent visit to Cork, and to return to you and the
other members of the Council, as well as the citizens,
the thanks of their Excellencies for the numerous acts of
kindness and attention that were shown to them on that
occasion. I am also to convey to you that hie Excellency
was much gratified at the orderly conduct and kindly
feeling that were displayed by all classes, and that he
will always have a lively recollection of the courtesy
with which he was treated, on his recent and agreeable
visit to your city, by all its inhabitants.
" I have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient humble
servant,

" W. CAMPBELL, Private Secretary.
" The Right Worshipful the Mayor of Cork."
The number of visitors to the Exhibition on Monday
was close upon 1,600.
IRON WORK—AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, SLe..—A
largo display of agricultural implements, manu-
factured by Mr. 11. Sheridan, of Dublin, at his foundry
in Bridgefoot-street, deserves particular notice.
This is a branch of manufacturing ingenuity which de-
serves to be encouraged, as it is ono of importance to
agriculture and to Ireland generally. Among them is
a new description of straw-cutter, which can be adapted
to cut or chop the straw into pieces of any size. In com-
mon straw-cutters there is no way of lengthening or
shortening the sizs of the shreds—this defect frequently
becomes of importance, especially when the straw is to
be employed in the finer kinds of manufacture. A large
quantity of straw is now annually converted into paper,
and for this purpose especially the contrivance intro-
duced into Mr. Sheridan's straw- cutter is of peculiar
value. The next from Mr. Sheridan's foundry is a
churn, worked by a hand-turning windlass. Near this
is an immense fire-proof safe. It is composed entirely of
wrought iron, painted to represent oak, which is so
naturally imitated as at once to challenge the admiration
of the beholder. It has double doors, lucked by 28 bolts,
aed contains five compartments, for arms, books, gun-
powder, two drawers, and one secret drawer, all fire proof.
The third and smallest of the three safes which Mr.
Sheridan has sent for exhibition has a single door, but,
like the others, is all lined fire-proof. It has seven
bolts, acted on by one of Chubb's key's the same as the
other safes. The next object in Mr. Sheridan's collec-
tion is an iron eagle, of the species known as the Irish
sea eagle, made of cast-iron and weighing 3 cwt. To-
wards that part of the machinery department set apart
for the centrifugal fountain, Mr. Sheridan exhibits a row
of six bells, all of different sizes, one of them weighing
7 cwt. They are all composed of the purest metal, and
cast accurately to the proper note, thus requiring no
filing. In the making of bells three matters of consi-
derable importance have to be attended to—first,
the composition of the metal; second, the form; third,
the mass; as all three have have great influence on the
pitch an quality of the tone. In all three points the
belle of Mr. Sheridan's foundry have acquired a Euro-
pean reputation; and orders for bells have frequently
been sent to the firm from places in England which used
formerly be supplied from foundries in England and
Scotland.

THE CAMPBELL MONUMENT.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES.

Sir,—l see a meeting has been held at the house of
Lord Lansdowne, for the purpose of erecting a monu-
ment to Thomas Moore. Four or five years ago a simi-
lar meeting of the " friends and admirers" of Thomas
Campbell was held at the house of Lord Brougham.
Subscriptions were opened, and, for the last two years.
the finished statue of the " Bard of Hope" has been
standing in the studio of the artist wrapped in inglorious
packsheet, although there was a written contract to erect
it in Poets' Corner eighteen months ago. Can any of
your readers explain this? Does the committee still
expect the Poles to redeem their promise and send a
pedestal of Polish granite? or, are the Dean and
Chapter of Westminster still resolved, dragon-like, to
swallow up a large proportion of the entire funds for
the privilege of placing the monument over the body of
the poet? There is great neglect somewhere; and the
subscribers have a right to complain of this apparent
unfaithfulness to the memory of Campbell.
And Glasgow, too, the honoured city of his birth,
boyhood, and student life,—where are the wealthy mer-
chants, once the " dear boys" as the kind-hearted poet
called the Glasgow students, when, with unequalled en-
thusiasm, they thrice elected him Lord Rector? Has the
"Campbell Club" gone to sleep? Where are the
"schoolfellows, personal friends, and admirers" who re-
solved to erect a monument to his memory, but whose
zeal evaporated in an unseemly squabble about the
choice of an artist? Verily, a prophet hath not honour
in his own country.—Yours, &c.,
Jane 16.

A SCOTCIIMAN.

ADULTERATION OF COFFEE.
The necessity of protecting the public against the
adulteration of coffee has been brought under the notice
of the Treasury, through the intercession of his Grace
the Duke of Montrose, and the most Noble Viscount
Torrington.
The retail dealers who supply the middle and higher
classes have found that a public discussion of the subject
was alone wanting to enable these classes to protect
themselves. But the continued adulteration of coffee in
the more densely populated districts shows that nothing
short of the interference of the Government will avail
to protect the poor from the unscrupulous practices of
the unfair trader. It is said that the present Govern-
ment are by no means disposed, like the last, to lend a
tacit sanction to a demoralizing system of fraud, and
that they aro disposed to interfere to protect the colonial
producer, the revenue, the fair trader, and the poorer
classes of consumers, from the admixture of noxious and
deleterious substances in coffee. All that the movers
of this question require is, that the Treasury minute of
1840 should be rescinded, and that the minute of 1832
should be altered, the effect of which would be to allow
grocers to sell chicory as chicory, and coffee as coffee.
Some such solution of the question is considered the
more probable from the fact that the celebrated analyti•
cal chemist, Dr. lire, has, within the last few days,
declared that " No problem in science is simpler or more
certain than the detection of chicory or similar sub-
stances in coffee powder." Dr, tire also pointed out a
cheap and simple apparatus for giving test results of
sufficient precision. This opinion, together with what
has previously been said on this subject, will it is hoped
induce the present Government to make some speedy
alteration.
COPY OF DR. URE'S OPINION ON THE Pow OF
DISCOVERING TEE A.DDIIITURE OF CHICORY WITH
COFFEE.
"No problem in science is simpler or more certain
than the detection of chicory or of similar substances in
coffee powder. Ground roasted coffee imparts to cold
water merely a pale sherry colouie. whereas when it is
adulterated with ground roasted chicory, it communicates
a brown colour, of greater or less intensity to cold water.
If three glass tubes set upright be charged respectively
with a few grains weight of
1. Pure coffee,
2. Coffee mixed with a little chicory,
3. Coffee mixed with much chicory,
and if into each of these tubes a like
quantity of cold
water be poured, and if, arter agitation, the tubes be set
upright at rest, the solid particles willsoon fall to the
bottom and the transparent liquids in the stems of the
tubes will show by the variabe depths of the tinctures
the presence and proportion of coffee and chicory in each
of them. An apparatus for making this experiment may
be had for ono shilling, and would give test results of
sufficient precision.
(Signed) " ANDREW URE, M.D., F.R.S., &e. &c,
Forwarded to Charles H. Burton,
14, Furnival's Inn."

ANIMAL MAGNETISM.
We find the following story in the Siecle:--6, Madame
do IT.---, of the Rue Neuvo St. Augustin, 62, went
two days ego to M. Marcillet, the professor of animal
magnetism, and demanded a consultation from his
somnambulist, Alexis. Having been placed •la
mr
commu-
nication
with Alexis, she said. 'D,
ye
o y-soulikenldo3awo.eth.wehymiceoitive which has brought me here?'
come to ask me to find for you a sum of 3,
has been stolen from you. The lad
it was, and Alexis proceeded to statey admitted that
how the sum
was made up—namely, of three notes of 1,0001. each,
100 f. in English sovereigns, and
Ma-
dame de V— said
thteh
answered. w. 0 n 3c
c)(3wihr• e io:t ' ha ai al
dva edr
r. oabsMbk :add-
Alexis if he saw per-as
her. ' Perfectly,' he
s last is
She
ee
has
smleasrtgiec
whom you discharged on Monday
shoulders, is little, and limps 4 That is true.
. To find her you must go towards the
heßarriere du Mon-
ceaux. She lives with one. of her acquaintances in
a street which ascends
--wait a moment—it is the
Rue—Rue du Rocher. I
her, who appears not to seebe aalssotratin g young
er
t e
Go to that place, and tmheana affair.
you will find the woman and your
money, with the exception of about 300 f., which she has
spent.'
Madame de V— returned home, and to her
surprise found her late servant
with the concierge. On
e made her go up to her apartment, and
locked her in the bedroom. She then went to the com-
missary of police and related to him what Alexis had
said. The commissary offered to go to the Rue du
Rocher to find out the girl's lodgings. At that moment
a commissionnaire, who bad carried her box when she
left, came in, and said that the number was 11. The
Commissary caused the girl to be conveyed to the house
indicated, and Madame do V— accompanied her. A
minute search was made, but led to no result. The do-
mestic on this became very insolent, and threatened to
have her mistress prosecuted. Presently, the commis-
sary, continuing his search, found a box which
wa
locked, and ordered it to be opened. The servant on
this became greatly agitated, andenatidfotrh, aatnidt dinidthneotbboex-
long to her. A locksmith was
se
buying was found the sum stolen, less, as Alexis had said, 300 E,
which tho servant bad spent in dresses. She
was sent to the Prefecture of Police

THE PROGRESS OF LOCOMOTION.—It is understood
that a contract has been entered into by the directors of
the London and North-Western Railway Company with
Messrs. Fairbairn, of Manchester, for the construction of
a; number of " express-train" engines, which have been
designed by the company's locomotive engineer, for the
attainment of high speed. It is fully expected that these
engines, which Messrs. Fairbairn have undertaken to com-
plete in four months, will run from Euston-square to Bir-
mingham, a distince of 113 miles, with loaded trains, in two
hours ; and it is not, therefore, unreasonable to anticipate
that, before the close of 1852, the important manufacturing
and commercial districts of South Lancashire,
, nuwoiir of
be
s I
brought within an easy journey of three -and-a-half
the metropolis.
e, taken
We understand that the Governmengtorcitr
at may
means to prevent by our naval power any eiust th
ale Virgin
be attempted bk. American adventurers gigs
Istikucto,—fiera

1682.

THE AUSTRALIAN GOLD DIGGING.
The Vimeira, Captain Neathby, pasbed the Lie of
Wight on Siturchly afternoon, from Sydney. New*
South Waled, which pluei she left on the 10th or
March, coascquently bringing the latest news from
the gold regions. She has brought about, 15,000
ounces of gold. The Blackwell and General Hewitt,
merchant-vessels, had left three dap before the
Varyiro, the former having 58,000 ounces and the
latter 18,000 oz. on board. Among the passengers by
the Vimeira are Messrs. Leslie and Mr. Fairfax; the
latter is editor of the Sydney Morning Herald, and
has come to England to make extensive purchases of
machinery, type, &0., and to engage a number of com-
positors and pressmen, which is rendered necessary
in consequence of departures to the diggings. The
country was much distressed for labourers; although
it appeared there was no difficulty in getting sea-
men
fer the
ia
eight
per month. Money was
realising; per cent., tt.e banks charging
V generallyim er t 74
six. Some 15,000 persons had left Sydney for the
diggine, whilst there had been no influx of nearly
20,000 people at Melbourne. The Vimeira signalled at
noon on Friday the Herald, 26, Captain Denham, and
the Torch steam-vessel, in company en route to tho Paci-
fic; also the Nile Indiernan, outward bound.

THE STATE OF (From the Sydney
'THE.fleral,doONY.eLf March 6 )
Our friends in England will naturally be anxious to
bear, by ships now on the eve
on d
uof departure from
furora w o
Port Jackson, how we are gett
cwiercumwsetraonaturallynces
which
anxious
stohear h
befallen the colony,
the
lony, as
first intimation of those circumstances would be
received by them. Both parties have been somewhat
disappointed in their expectations. Onur side it was
generally thought that the tidings of our
gold fields would
in England be received with considerable
they appear to have been received
was withgenerallyexcitement; consider-
able sang froid. On their sido it
thought that the discoysry would throw the colony
into universal confusion, and put an end to all
the usual pursuits of industry; no such results have
as yet been witnessed. Perhaps neither took a suffi-
ciently comprehensive view of the facts connected with
the other. On our aide it ought to have been remem-
bered that the news would reach England just as the
public mind had become exhausted by the prolonged
excitement of the Great Exhibition, and was for the
time in a state of nil admirari on which scarce any-
thing could make an impression. The people had
witnessed all the glories of the world centered in
a single focus ; and 80 dazzled had they been by
the resplendent vision, that the glories of the Austra-
lian Ophir were comparatively dim in their sight. On
their side it ought to be remembered that when the dis-
covery was made, the colony was in a state of general
and almost unexampled prosperity, and when, conse-
quently the temptation to relinquish a bird in the hand
for the sake of two in the bush was not likely to be very
maddening in its effects.
It is not quite ten months since our auriferous trea-
sures were first brought to light; yet within that brief
period the colonies of Now South Wales and Victoria
have each shipped about one million's worth of gold, or
two millions' worth iu all. And when it is considered
that this has been the produce of unskilled mining,
of labour untrained to the peculiar employment, un-
taught by science, unsustained by capital; that, in
our own colony at least, the number of diggers has
ever borne the most insignificant proportion to the ex-
tent and richness of the field, and that every day new
regions of auriferous deposit are found in almost every
part of the interior, to the north and to the south, as well
as to the west; our friends at home may form some esti-
mate as to what Australia is to achieve hereafter, with a
population less inadequate to the work she has to do,
with the lights of science and experience to guide her
operations, and with the aid of capital to give fair scope
to her energies.
And we rejoice to add that this million of gold pro-
duced in New South Wales has been gathered with-
out any serious detriment to our other interests, and
with the least possible disturbance of public or-
der and tranquillity, Our corn-fields have still
been cultivated, our sheep have still been shorn.
Our metropolitan city remains a busy scene of com-
merce, and stately buildings are rising up in her streets.
Our mining operations have assumed the character
oi settled industry; our gold is collected without
bustle or confusion, and securely carried to market
by the regularly-established Government escorts, at
moderate expense to proprietors; while the quantities
brought to town and shipped for exportation are
reported in the newspapers, as well as those of any
other of our raw productions. The admirable order
which has all along been maintained at our diggings,
not by military restraint, but by the good sense and
moral rectitude of the great mass of the diggers them-
selves, is indeed a just cause of pride to the colonists,
and ought to encourage thousands of our fellow-subjects
at home to come over and help us.
We need their help. Our flocks and herds are in-
creasing, while the labour market is exhausted. Wages
have consequently advanced at rates averaging on the
whole somewhat about 30 per cent. We have ample
employment for many thousands of emigrants provided
they be men 'who really give a good day's work for a good
day's wages. We do not want idlers, neither do we want
any more of that swarming class of young gentlemen who
can do nothing but sit on a stool and handle a quill;
of these we have always more than enough. But persons
accustomed to hard work, whether mechanical or rural,
and persons having money to invest, whether of large
amount or small, will find in New South Wales a finer
opening than any other part of the world presents, or
than was ever before presented. Let them remember
that for mildness and salubrity our climate cannot bo
surpassed; that our soil is capable of producing all
that man requires for sustenance and most of the lux-
uries which he prizes; and at the time our gold fields
were discovered the population of less than 200,000 souls
possessed above 100,000 horses, 1,500,000 horned cattle,
and more than 8,000,000 sheep, yielded an annual in-
come of 600,0004; and exported of her own produce or
manufacture to the extent of 1,100,0004 per annum, in-
dependently of her gold. Coupling those facts with the
great fact mentioned above, that in ten months we have
shipped.a million's worth of our new found product, the
fruit of peaceful industry, and the earnest of a still
brighter future—our friends in England must admit that
our shores have strong attractions for all who think it
bettor to emigrate than stay at home.
(From the Sydney Morning Herald of March 10.)
The quantity of gold officially advised to have been
transmitted to Sydney on the sth instant, from the Ara-
luen, Braidwood and Bell's Creek diggings, and expected
to be received here under escort this morning, is as fol-
lows :

From Araluen oz. 1,345 12 0
, 1 Braidwood... 784 3 0
21 Bell's Creek 520 16 9

Oz. 2,650 10 9
The gold received by the mail of yesterday from So-
Pala (the Turon) was 173 ounces.
--

TASMALIAN GOLD FIELD.
(From the Hobart Town Courier.)
The fact of the discovery of gold at Fingal has
created considerable excitement, and the particulars
which we are able to furnish are all of a confirmatory
character. At an early hour on Saturday placards were
affixed to the walls announcing that a stage coach was
laid on direct for Avoca, within a few miles of the
"diggings." Additional information was received by
the Government yesterday. An individual from this
city who has been up reports that the utmost efforts to
extract gold which have yet been used amount only to
prospecting, and thinks that if operations were resorted
to as at Mount Alexander, and diggings carried to some
depth below the surface, it would be obtained in large
quantities. Several practical men have gone up by the
mail. The number of police sent up are a dozen potty
constables, in charge of two sergeants.
OPHIR, MARCH 3.—A very good example has been set
diggers generally at Ophir, by the grand operations of
the party belonging to the Messrs. Samuels and M'lntosh,
under the highly creditable superintendence of Mr.
Benjamin White. That gentleman has, with his as-
sistants, so directed the labouring portion of the party
that now the hole which so very lately was an extensive
basin of water is nearly dry, and but for the under-
ground filtration the small body of water in the pump
well could easily be thrown up in less than an hour.
This must now be called " the golden basin of Ophir,"
for its yield o ithe precious metal will, it is anticipated,
be more thanTt the e prerosupirtieotofrtshor
of
et
dayshis diggings,a m anticipatedend ending
ga
week ago.
at six r.m. this evening (March 3), is as under:—.
CZ. dwta. grs.
Monday ...............
5
9
Tuesday ............... 6 ......... 0
Wednesday ......... 48

62 17 10
it appears that the vein now opened has yielded up to
the present time an average of little more than an ounce
a foot. These are repesented as indisputable truths,
written by moonlight at the scene of operations. The
gold aampies taken consist principally of nuggets, vary-
ing in size from about five ounces downwards, with very
little quartz attached. The prospect is a glowing one
to Messrs. Samuels and M'lntosh. Up to the present
time more nuggets of the value of U. have been taken
out of tbis bole than fish since May last (1851).
Other diggings at Ophir are also in good working. At
Golden Point, so often spoken of, a largo quantity of
the precious ore has been taken during the past month,
the nuggets varying in size from 27 ounces to a few
pennyweights.
SOFALA.—An endeavour was
nwaesebeesisnigty forma wdeahtitch washisata
station
to establish an hospital, h
ap-
parent on all sides, and liberally,countenancettis
district
A TURON NUGGET.—A nugget founds jar
Assistant-
is at present in the possession of
8 dwts. 22 gra.
Commissioner Zoucb, weighing 53 oza.ightest particle
It is solid gold, free from the
yesterday
(march
of earth, and was turned up
within hearty t distance
2) in some dry a in shape,
digging'' wbles Mr. Forbes, of the
and Bi.°sfaolta. a. rfeth somewhat
and brillianrwetaheeoomiozghed this splendid
Sydney and Turon Bantib, weight of gold to Sydney,
Air. Rain° 281bs ditto. The
moil;
nd • •by yesterday s q " daily increasing, and the
yield of gold in t_ bard at work.
specimen, tr,asusmhaiititie;daaa3:ter
bed claimants:!raue"ou 2.—Thaised
utuhde ghrearned
thepoint
gold
VICTORIA, wthe diggers,
rendezvous of
1, earth itself, being daily on the increase
like
offerings to the perseverance of the
nri
ai e turnsa
rieth:e Pra:
Tog gANGING ROCK DIGGINGS,—These diggings
have not turned out so profitable as was anticipated by
the first discoverers.
ORANGE.—These diggings were still in high favour,
and yielded handsomely to the endeavours of the adven-
turers. But the numbers employed upon them are in-
significant as compared with more loudly reported
districts.

THE OUTILERN GOLD FrEram—A letter from the

•
Rev. W. B. Clarice received at Sydney on the btti I
ain working out a most interesting
March, says:
1"414Y, quite on the boufldary line of the two colonies.
I hav,, tound gold in the Dileate and Reodoc rivers and
in Maharatia Crei,k. It is very fir's ard is well coloured.
lc occurs on a local alluvial detrius of slate and guar's
bound together by sand and earth.'

MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS.
WEEK ENDING NlAnna 6.—About 150 licenses hoe
been taken oat for the new gold field at Little River,
near Braidwood, the reports from which are still
favourable.

Two or three scientific men from California have been
prospectinc, at the new diggings to the northward, where
it is reported they met with gold in abundance. They
worked only five hours in the neighbourhood of the
Hanging Rock, and obtained seven ounces of pure gold
in nuggets and grains.
The escort brought in this week from Sofala 1,782 05 ;
Ophir, 127 oz ; Bathurst, 204 oz ; and the mails from
Sofala, 1,167 cz.; Braidwood, 333 oz.; Bahurst, 197
oz.; Mudgee, 13 oz.; in all, 3,898 oz ; value about
12,668/. In adddition to this an equally large quantity
has been received by private hands.
From Victoria the escort last week brought into
Sydney 21,784 oz. The Shamrock arrived at Sydney on
Sunday last, brought in 37,000 oz.
Tho Government assay office in South Australia is in
actual operation, and on the first day 0,910 oz. were depo-
sited. The. Government were taking steps to open up
a road direct to Mount Alexander, in order to bring the
gold from thence under escort to Adelaide.
The price has fluctuated considerably during the
week, and was expected to fall still lower after the de-
parture of the Vimeire, Blaekwall, and General Hewett:,
Some sales were made in the early part of the week to
665.. 655., and 645., and at the auction mart on Fridays
the sth of March, it came down to 635. 4i and tile
large quantity coming into market was likely to depress
the price to 60s.

MORTALfT Y in the METROPOLIS
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED I-„-
THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JUNE 12, 1k152;„ 09 244
Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Dist:3Bw •••
Diseases of Uncertain Seat ...
•••
Tubercular Diseases ... ••• ilBl
io
Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ••• ^35
Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels ... •••,.
Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs 0'
Respiration ... 110
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs „
of Digestion... .. "
• .• .•• •••
Diseases of the Kidneys, &c.. ••• 9
Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, So.
Diseases of the Joints. Bones, and Mucks
Diseases of the Skin, &a. ...
Malformations..

Premature Birth

.•• 9
••• 3

Atrophy
Old Age
Sudden ... ••• •••
Violence, Privation, C;o1c1, and Intemperance •'•
Causes not specified ... •••

24
5
DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES 898
Deer"
Population Deaths in corra- in the
Enumerated, spooling week Weal"
1851. of 1851. 146
West Districts... 376,427 • • 143 181
North Districts.. 490,396 ,•• 178 169
Central Districts 393,256 ... 164 167
East Districts ... 485,522 ... 181 ..• 235
South Districts.. 616,635 ... 265 •••
898
448
448
•••

Totals... ..... 2,362,236
Males ... ...
Fematos ~.. ...

931