The Sun.
London, England, 1864-10-13 00:00:00

SCRATCHINGS AT NEWMARKET.

Newmarket Oaks— All have paid forfeit but the follow-
ing : Fair Sophia, Teneriffe, Syren, Bradamaute, Pre-
scription, Anxiculs, Beatrix, Fille de l'Air, Tomato, Breeze,
Evelina, Molly Carew, Chalybeate, Lady Mary, Bigotry,
Battaglia, and Goldylocks.
Bretby Stakes —The following are loft in :—Elaine,
Klarinska, White Duck, and Convent.
Sweepstakes of 300 Sovs—The following have paid :
Anadyomene and Archimedes.
Sweepstakes of 500 Sovs. R.M.—General Peel walks
over,

The Caversham Stakes at Reading. —This raco has been
awarded by the stewards of the Jockey Club to Nebuchad-
nezzar, who came in first.

BETTING AT MANCHESTER—WEDNESDAY,
CAMBRIDGESHIRE.
6to 1 agst Gratitude (take 100 to 15)
100 to 6 agst Prince Plausible (taken)
100 to 6 apt Bayard (taken)
100 to 6 agst Muezzin (taken)
100 to 6 apt Tattoo (offered)
20 to 1 agat Buick (taken)
20 to 1 agst Stockinger (taken)
25 to 1 agst Accident (taken)
25 to 1 agat Trap (taken)

Important Decision.—Railway Refreshment

Rooms.

It will be remembered that a few days since Mr. Arnold
gave his decision, concurrently with that of his brother
magistrate at the Westminster Police-court in a case of the
legality of considering persons departing from railway
stations as travellers. The question had arisen out of a
complaint against Mr. Robert Fisher, proprietor of the
refreshment-rooms at the Victoria station, Pimlico, and on
judgment being pronounced and the defendant convicted,
Mr. Child, solicitor to the Licensed Victuallers' Protection
Society, availed himself of a suggestion thrown out by the
magistrate, and said he should like to state a case and take
it up for decision to a superior court, but before doing so
he begged to call the attention of the magistrates to the
27th and 28th Victoria, cap. 61, sec. 10, au act passed last
session of Parliament, for the regulation of refreshment'
houses, the last section of which says, " Nothing herein
contained shall apply to the sale at a railway station between
the hours of one and four o'clock in the morning of excis-
able liquors or refreshments to persons arriving at or de-
parting from such station by railroad." Mr. Arnold upon
this begged it to be considered that his decision had not
been given, and took time to see whether it would haveany
bearing on the matter at present under consideratian ; and
yesterday Mr. Child again attended to ascertain the magis-
trate's views on the subject, and, should his decision be
adverse, to state a case, and enter into the necessary recog-
nisances to have the matter decided in the Court of Queen's

Bench.
Mr. Arnold said he had considered the clause of the
act of Parliament referred to by Mr Child, and he did not
think it had any bearing upon the question before him, espe.
cially as the latter part of the sth section of the very same
act said—" Nothing herein contained shall authorise a
licensed victualler to sell exciseable liquors, on any Sunday,
Christmas-day, Good Friday, or day appointed for public
hild way in which
could use
h
thefe Parliament
(the
fast or thanksgiving or otherwise than during the times at
a n A
l argument onlyr
C
which he is now authorised by law to sell the same, or au-
thorise any other person to sell exciseable liquors, keep open
any refreshment house, or sell refreshments otherwise than
at the times and upon the conditions prescribed by the acts
o
magistrate)thatw ou would
behalfd be
to m
thoughtfaoduen. '
d'
The
gument upon it,
that if persons arriving at railway stations were travellers,
then persons departing from stations were travellers.
10th
section i n
Mr Child remarked that was precisely what he intended
to do. If persons arriving were travellers, so were those

departing.
Mr Arnold said the act of Parliament did not speak of
them as travellers. It made an exception for persons"
arriving at and departing from, but it did not designate
them as travellers. The argument cut both ways.
Perhaps his opinion might be erroneous that a person
arriving at a railway station was a traveller. It might be
that he was no longer in the situation of a traveller to
argument ; but the section did not
whom a publican was allowed and in fact compelled to
presen. t case, which seemed, from
give refreshment as he bad finished.. his journey. He did
not think the section applied; it did not treat these persons
newspapers, to have
the
eterest ; and the general
as travellers. If it had refreshment to travellers then there
twouldhrow
any havelibgehe
light upon
stronghapoh the
excitedthe
oconsiderable
g attentiono
supposition seemed to 1:). that a person intending to go by
a railway became a traveller the
.moment he left his house
for the purpose of going to the station, whether in a cab, his
own carriage, omnibus, or in any other
way. If that were
eg
en
andte
the case the pc rson would have a right to stop at any public-
house on the road and receive refreshment, and the result
would be that all the public-houses would be opened at all
hours for persons going by a railway; and he had no doubt
the publicans would let them in, and thus the law relating
to Sunday closing would be a dead letter in a large town,
like London, for instance. He and his colleague (Mr Selfe)
still retained it as their opinion that a person going to a rail-
way station under ordinary circumstances was not a travel-
ler until he had begun a journey. But at the same time he
would not pretend to decide that any person might not be
a traveller, and that there might not be exceptional cases.
Suppose a person arrived at the Great Western Railway
station, and then took a cab to Victoria, he thought that
would be an exceptional case. Their decision, therefore,
was that the parties in this case who came to the station
were not travellers in the meaning of the Police Act, under
which the summons bad been taken out.
Mr Child observed that ever since the passing of this
k statute his worship was a are that there had been a diffi-

Mr Alderman SALOMONS, who was received with cheers,
said the last session had been called a nothing session—
but he found that,while in 1863, 125 public acts were passed,
in 1864, there 121; while there were 329 private acts
against 238 in 1863. But this led to the question, what
did Parliament meet for ? Parliament did not meet for what
might be called sensation business. Happily for all the
great questions were now settled, and Parliament now met
to improve the laws, and to deal with financial questions.
If they looked to the legislation of late years, they would
find that there had been a constant tendency to the ina-•
provement of the laws of the country and to the ease of the
burdens of the people. Last year they had a surplus re-
venue of two mill ons and a half, and during the session
taxes had been reduced to the amount of three millions and
a half, One great question had arisen during the session,
the Danish question. The session opened under gloomy
circumstances. They all felt deeply interested in the fate
of Denmark. The German pc,wers were pressing upon it,
and it became a question whether we should not be obliged
by the treaty of 1852 to make common cause with Denmark.
The Government, however, wisely proposed a conference,
and the Danes themselves were responsible for the way in
which that conference ended. Tho course taken by the
Government was challenged by the opposition,and there was
a great party etruggle on the motion of Mr Disraeli " that
the conduct of the Government had lowered the just info
ence of this country in the councils of Europe, and thereby
diminished the securities for peace." He could not have
brought himself to vote for such a motion as that. (Cheers.)
That was the great question of last session. Every other
question paled before it. They had several other questions
—proposals for reform on a small scale—on all of which he
voted in accordance with his principles. After all, the quee-
tion of reform in Parliament was a question that belonged to
the electors. If they were in earnest in the matter it would
make progress, but it never would make progress if the
people remained equally balanced and divided upon it.
He regretted to find that the civil war across the Atlantic
still continued. He had long thought that the governments
of Europe might interfere, and he thought that they might
now interfere by negotiation—(Cries of " No.")—not inter-
vention. He had been always against intervention. While
the Government had acted on the principle of non-inter-
vention they had upheld the dignity of the country, and
had shown that they were determined to protect our flog.
One species of legislation ho had always promoted, and that
was, all that tended to promote the social comfort and well
being of the people. Under this category he included edu-
cation. The education of the children of the poorer classes
had made great progress. In 1859, the number of children
attending the schools which were aided by Government was
461,445, and they had gradually increased, until in 1863 they
were 1,057,E6. And now, reverting to another sutject, the
subject of trade. In 1861 they had the commercial treaty
with France. Adverting to that subject led him to remark
that he regretted the observations that had recently been
made in depreciation of the ruler of that country, We had
only to speak of him as regarded his conduct and good faith
towards his allies. The mode in which he conducted the
affairs of France was a matter between him and his
people. The Emperor Napoleon had shown good faith
towards this country, and a great deal of the good feeling
between Englishmen and Frenchmen was owing to the
political conduct of the Emperor. He never met the Em-
peror Alen he was in this country before he became Emperor,
but he was introduced to him while he was President, and
he said to him, 4, when you return you may assure your
countrymen that I never shall forget the asylum I received
in England, and I shall do my best to promote the best un-
derstanding between England and France." Looking back
to what had taken place in the last five or six years he
thought they might fairly say that the present Parliament
had promoted peace, and it had reduced taxation to the
amount of not less than ten millions a year. They might
ask whether he had done anything himself. Well he might
tell them that the great art in the House of Commons was
not to talk but to hold your tongue. There were plenty of
persons to talk and but few that the house was willing often
to listen to. The house however would always listen to any
member who was thought to have special information on
any particular subject; and there were one or two subjects
to which he had given special attention which he had ven-
tured to bring forward in the house. One was the justice of
Government being required to contribute to the local rates
and taxes in respect to any establishment it might have in
any particular parish. He believed there were many mem-
bers who were now disposed to pay attention to the ques-
tion, and he trusted that next session he should be enabled
to bring forward with a chance of success a measure which
would put Government establishments on the same footing
as.private manufacturing establishments. Another question
which he was desirous of bringing forward was
the increas-
ing necessity for better roads and additional bridges in the
metropolis. He could not conceive any thing more absut d,
more barbarous, or more injurious to the working popula-
tion than that they should be attempting to force the whole
of the traffic of the eastern part of London over one single
bridge. It had a paralysing effect on the population. Now
that the proprietors of Southwark-bridge were inclined to
take a reasonable sum for it, he trusted that some
i arrange-
ment would be made by the corporation to secure its being
opened to the public. In conclusion, the hon. member said
he was ready to answer any question that might be put to
him, and he trusted that, having had a lease for seven years,
when he came before them, as he probably shortly should,
for a renewal, they would consider that he heal been a gocd
tenant and was deserving of their confidence.
Mr HOLLAND asked the hon. member if he included
Creek-bridge amongst those he intended to endeavour to
throw open.
Mr Alderman SALOMONS replied that he did.
Mr ROCK then moved—" That this meeting having heard
the statement of Mr Alderman Salomons, hereby records
its appreciation of his services during the past session of
Parliament, and its continued confidence in him as one of
the representatives of the borough."
Mr BA=s seconded, and the motion passed with acclama-
tion.
A vote of thanks was then given to Dr. Purvis for his
conduct in the chair, and the meeting separated.

grasp.
I omit mentioning other phenomena ; an account of
which has already been rendered elsewhere.

The next part of the seance was performed_ in the dark.

One of the Messrs Davenport and Mr Fay seated themselves

amongst us. Two ropes were thrown at their feet, and in
two minutes and a half they were found tied hand and foot,

heir hands behind their backs bound tightly to their chairs,

and their chairs bound to an adjacent table. While this
process was going on the guitar rose from the table, and
,wung or floated round the room and over the heads of the
party, and lightly touching some. NOW a phosphoric light
shot from side to side over our heads; the laps and hinds
and shoulders of several were simul;aneously touclAd,
struck, or pawed by hands, the guitar wear while sailing
round ,he room, now near t11‘.3 ceiling, and then sewn; u g on
the head and shoulders of some luckless wight. The bells
whisked here and there, and a light thrumming was main-
tained on the violin. The two tambourines seemed to roll
hither and thither on tge floor, now shaking it violently,
and now visiting the knees and hands of cur circle—all
these foregoing actions, audible or tangible, being simulta-
neous. Mr Itid,out, holding a tambourin?, requested it
might be plucked from his hand; it was almost simulta
mous!), taken frcm him. At the same time Lord Bury made
a similar request, and a forcible attempt to pluck a tam-
bourine from his grasp was made, which he resisted. Mr
Fay then asked that his coat should be removed. We heard
instantly a violent twitch; and here occurred the most re-
markable fact. A light was struck before the coat had quite
left Mr Fay's person, and it was seen quitting him, plucke
off him upwards. It flew up to the chandelier, where it hung
for a uaornent,and then fell to the ground. Mr Fay was seen
meanwhile bound hand and foot as before. One of our party
now divested himself of his coat, and it was placed on the
table. The light was extinguished, and this coat was rushed
on to Mr Fay's back with equal rapidity. During the above
occurrences in the dark we placed a sheet of paper under the
feet of the two operators, and drew with a pencil an outline
around them, to the end that if they moved it might be
detected, They of their own accord offered to have their
hands filled with flour or any other similar substance, to
prove they made no use of them, but this precaution was
deemed unnecessary. We required them, however, to
count from one to twelve repeatedly, that their voices con-
siantly heard might certify to us that they were in the
places where they were tied. Each of our own party held
his neighbour firmly, so that no one could move without two
adjacent neighbours being aware of it.
At the termination of this sdance a general conversation
took place on the subject of what we had heard and wit-
nessed. Lord Bury suggested that the general opinion
seemed to be that we should assure the Brothers Davenport
and Mr W. Fay that, after a very stringent trial and strict
scrutiny of the proceedings, the gentlemen present could
arrive at no other conclusion than that there was no trace of
trickery in any form, and certainly there were neither con-
federates nor machinery, and that all those who had wit-
nessed the result would freely state in the society in
which they moved that, so far as their investigations
enable them to form an opinion, the phenomena which had
taken place in their presence were not the product of
legerdemain. This suggestion was promptly acceded to by
all present.
" '

Betore leaving this question, in which my name has
accidentally been mixed up, I may be permitted to ob-
serve that I have no belief in what is called spiritualism,
and nothing I have seen inclines me to believe in it ; indeed,
the puerility of some of the demonstrations would suffi-
ciently alienate such a theory ; but I do believe that we
have not quite exploded the realms of natural philosophy—
that this enterprise of thought has of late years been con-
fined to useful inventions, and we are content at last to
think that the laws of nature are finite, ascertained, and
limited to the scope of our knowledge. A very great
number of worthy persons seeing such phenomena as 1 have
detailed ascribe them to supernatural agency; others
wander around the subject in doubt ; but as it engages
seriously the feeling and earnest thought of so large a
number in Europe and America, is it a subject which
scientific men are justified in treating with the neglect of
contempt ?
Some persons think that the requirement of darkness
seems to infer trickery. Is not a dark chamber essential.
in the process of photography ? And what would we reply
to him who should say, " I believe photography to be a
humbug ; do it all in the light, and I will believe ; not till
then." It is true that we know why darkness is necessary
to the production of the sun picture; and if scientific men
will subject these phenomena to analysis we shall find out
why darkness is essential to such manifestations.—Yours
obediently, DION 1301JC,ICAULT.
326, Regent-street, Oct. 12.

ELOPEMENT.—The Boulogne 2' Imes has the
following story of an elopement :—" It is very long
since the Flaneurs of Boulogne have been gratified by the
scandal of an elopement, and we regret that last week fur-
nished forth a case, which may provide some business for
Sir 3. P. Wilde. A gallant son of Mars, Captain M—,
whose better half is in England, seems to have won the
affection of a young English demoiselle residing in the Rue
Royale, who had, however, another string to her bow,
whose attentions were very assiduous and somewhat in-
convenient to the captain and his fair inamora4a. On
Thursday last the loving couple had, it is supposed, deter-
mined to enjoy a tour either to Paris or the interior, and
the last train in the evening was to bear them from hence.
A. difficulty presented itself ; the single gentleman suitor
intervened with a proposition to meet the lady fair, and
spend an agreeable evening with her. She was non-
plusso, and sought the captain's aid, who went to work
with stratagem. He invited the loving bachelor to gowith
him to the theatre and witness "Fa," sucessfully urg-
ing him to go. He,was deservedly punished for preferring
the captain's society to the ladye fair. In the course of a
quarter of an hour the captain left his stall. promising to
return in five minutes. Time passed, and he returned no
more. He had flown."

ii
(From the limes' Special Correspondent)
FREDENSBORG, Saturday Night.
To day a grand hunting expedition was organised
by the Royal family, who starteaia.aalah
distinguished guests now staying with them on a
visit, from the Castle of Fredensborg at the early
hour of half-past 9 a.m. The circular court yard in
front of the Chateau of Fredensborg presented a
very animated appearance, the farmers resident in
the neighbourhood having claimed the right of fur-
nishing vehicles acelrding to the usage which ob.
tains on such occasions. In old times it formed part
of the royal prerogative that the inhabitants of the
district through which the Sovereii;n passed should
supply whatever vehicles they p,2sst e6id for the use
of the Royal retinue, nod assist in dragging them
ever the villanous which then existed. In
more modern times the oppressive portion of this
prerogative has been ab,andooed, and the farmers,
grateful for this concession, have voluntarily con-
tinued to furnish the requisite means of transport
whenever a battue is contemplated. N czssaril3- the
vehicles are of a very elementary dr,scriwion, but
the practice is indicative of good feeling between
Sovereign and subject, and, as such, importance is
rightly attached to its maintenance. Of the car-
riages, all ordinary chars a bane of the country,
nearly 20 were required to convey the members of
the Royal party— English, Russian, and Danish—
to their destination, and while these were assema
bling the principal personage a included in the circle
Fredensborg amused themselves by forming
groups on the castle steps for the purpose of being
photographed. High over head, through the open
door leading to the entrance hall, the pale uniforms
of the Royal Horse Guards were dimly discernible
in the shade withiu, their cuirasses now and then
gleaming like sparks of fire as chance movements of
the wearers brought them within the influence of a
ray of light. Upon the level of the courtyard the
band of the regiment was stationed, and performed
appropriate musical selections. The shooting party
consisted of his Majesty the King of Denmark, his
Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, all the ',Lin-
cipal officers of the Danlsh and English housenolde,
and the following nobles and gentlemen in the
suite of the Russian Grand Duke :—Prince Bellied
tinski, Count Woronzow, Gen. Richter, Dr Chestiff,
and Capt. Roslev. With few exceptions the party
were dressed in light shooting costume, some wear-
ing knickerbockers, and others long hunting boots.
The most conspicuous exception from the prevalent
shade of gray was probably Col. Keppel, who tip•
peared in a suit of dark velvet. His Royal High-
ness the Prince of Wales wore his favourite round
hat and plain shooting coat, the facsimile of those
which may be seen in the Sandringham portraits.
The Crown Prince of Denmark and the Russian
Grand Duke were not of the party. Her Royal
Highness the Princess of Wales came as far as the
door of the Palace to wish success to the expedition
—and the Queen of Denmark with the younger
members of her family descended nearly to the bot-
tom of the outer staircase, and appeared to interest
herself very much in all the arrangements. The
cortege having been marshalled in order left the
Palace yard under a salute from the foot guards on
duty, preceded by two forest rangers for the dis-
trict, whose experience no doubt proved very vain*
able during the day, though their costume was of
the strangest. In their stiff brown hats, somewhat
of the high wide-awake pattern, these rangers car-
ried feathers, having in the centre an iris, similar
to that visible ou the tail of a peacock. What would
otherwise have been very suggestive of a livery coat
acquired a certain dignity from the addition of a
hunting knife to topboots already worn by the
bearer, In the seoond carriage, immediately fol.
lowing these rangers, the King and the Prince of
Wales rode, and, in common with the rest of the
hunt, was guided by the country driver of horses,
furnished in the manner 'already described. The
cortege proceeded in the direction of Elsinore, and
became so much interested in the sport that,
although the dinner had been ordered for 7 o'clock,
it Baas nearly 8 before they wete able to reach the
Palace on their return. Toe almc in the Deeieh
forests is limited pretty much to deer, hares, and
foxes. Of these the gross return at toe end of the
day showed that 10 foxes, 6 hares, sod 17 stags had
been killed, 2 hares and a stag falling to the gun
of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, and the
rest being tolerably well distributed among the
retinue. Gen.Knoliys was among the moat blneC2;',S.
`el of the individual shots.

In the course of the afternoon, and while the
hunting party was absent in one direction, a second
circle of notabilities issued from Fredensborg, with
the object of paying a visit to the Castle of Fredes
ricksborg, which lies at the distance of about 6
miles from there. Among those occupying seats in
the Royal carriages were the Queen of Denmark,
and her father, the Landegrave of Hesse, her Royal
Highness the Princess of Wales, the Russian Grand
Duke and his fiancée the Princess Dagmar, the
Crown Prince of Denmark, &c. The drive to Fredes
ricksborg lies through charming scenery; at every
turn of the road distinct views are commanded of
the lovely Essom Lake, which can be reached in a
very few minutes from the PaLce, and affords in
itsel opportunities of enjoyment almost boundless
to pleasure seekers. The Palace of Fredericksborg
shoots up from the midst of a miniature lake, or
sheet of ornamental water, and, though the archis
tecture is very simple, the effect produced upon the
spectators of the fairy-like structure that seems to
rise out of the water is exceedingly striking. The
quaint outline of the building is familiar to many
who have never been in Denmark through the draw-
ing of its proportions made by Mr Reichardt, one of
the best of the Danish modern artists—a drawing
which is so accurate in detail and in proportions
that it has served as the basis for all the designs in
cut glass and china into which this historic Frede-
ricksborg Slot has been imported. The Royal
party spent more than an hoar in examining the
castle and in walking about the grounds adjoining,
returning to Fredensborg in time for dinner. Inter-
nally there is little now to be seen at Fredericks-
borg, the palace having been gutted by fire in 1859,
and its valuable picture gallery, renowned through*
out Europe, in a great measure destroyed. Its boasts,
however, a church probably unique in the richness
and peculiarity of its decorations, the restoration of
which, exactly as first constructed in 1619, was com-
pleted in the course of the year 1863. Upon a pane
of glass in one of the windows in the gallery
may be seen the names of the King, Queen, and
younger members of the Royal family of Denmark,
and likewise those of the Prince and Princess of
Wales, inscribed there on one of the days last month.
that the Royal party drove across privately to view
the edifice, before the visit to Sweden was under-
taken. The excursion to-day was altogether of a
family nature. Oa the part of the few spectators
who witnessed their arrival no attempt was made to
interfere with its privacy. Any curiosity which was
exhibited had reference to the Russian Grand
Duke, the future husband of the Princess Dagmar,
who is a young man of slight and rather delicate
frame—taller, probably, than the Prince of \Vales,
but wanting the breadth of chest and shoulder
which distinguishes his Royal Highness. Like the
majority of his countrymen the Russian Prince is
an excellent linguist, conversing fluently, when he
does sustain a conversation, in English, French, or
German. Yesterday he was dressed with brown
hat, light walking trousers, and loose overcoat,
and while en route drove with the Princess Dagmar
and other members of the Danish Royal family in a
light wagonette. The Crown Prince of Denmark,.as
usual, drove his own phaeton, having Leside tuna
the Princess of Wales, who, to all appearance, had
recovered from the fatigue of her late lourni,y, and
looked charmingly. Her Royal Highness a
hat with a white feather, a cloth j zeket,
comely braided, and a mauve dress. Tartan formed
a conspicuous element in the (tress of her younger
sieter,t
Waldemar,hePrince who llay
in ra, and else of the little
Prince any
station of life would
be accounted a remarkably fine boy, and, with all
a boy's partiality for horses, would manifestly rather
have stayed with the equipages than made acquaint*
ance with the glories and art treasures of the
Fredericksborg Chapel.
'I he understanding at present is that the Russian
Grand Duke will leave Denmark on Tuesday next,
on which day also another Prince, the infant son
of their Royal Highnesses the,Prince and Princess
of Wales, is to begin his homeward journey.

LONDON, THURSDAY, OCT. 13, 1864.

A speech from Mr. GLADSTONE is certain at any
time to attract a large share of public attention,
and to be pretty generally welcomed at this dull
reason as a theme worthy of attention and regard.
A master of oratory, such as the right hon. gentle-
man undoubtedly is, is sure to render any question
for the time being interesting and instructive. We
here meet him, however, not in the sterile arena of
politics, or the dry details of finance, but in the
more genial atmosphere of a public meeting, and
surrounded by an admiring audience, who eagerly
welcomed him to their neighbourhood. The right
bon. gentleman's discourse was long, but it was
listened to throughout with eager attention, and at
its conclusion he was warmly applauded. He dis-
claimed, in a very proper spirit, any individual
claim on his own part to a particular share of merit
in having brought abent the happy results which
they that day witnessed. The pioneers in the cans*
of useful legislation deserved the first recognition,
and he brought to the work a secondary part to
10,n-form. This sounded, of course, very well, but
no one present must have looked upon it as other
than a Eger° of speech when he talked of " neon.
dart' The charge that has taken place
in the relation of classes was happily commented
:ip,)n by the orator in this expressive patsage :
We have seen mistrust and alienation gradually-
fading away like mists before the rising sun, andwe
have
soon throughout all parts of the country,
and throughout all classes of the community, senti-
ments of mutual confidence, respect, and esteem
taking the place of that alienation and estrange-
/wilt." Very effective, also, was the manlier in
which Mr. GLADSTONE touched upon the effect of
Inar.y cf the chengos that have been brought about
a
of late years among us, and which threatened at
first to becomo instruments of strife and discord,
affecting at last but a partial good, and productive
of at least e goal 'warm. He said that all the modern

changes and improvements had really worked out
their end without producing disastrous conse-
quences, and that they had warmed the heart of
the nation in increasing its wealth. Accordingly,
such Acts of Parliament must not be regarded only
in the light of the formal manner in which they
take their place in the Statute-book, but they bear
a deeper and a far wider significance. They should
be looked upon "as angels of mercy, ministers of
peace, and restorers of union through every
part and corner of the land." Times are changed,
indeed, when we thus find a leading statesman, an
important member of Parliament, and an influential
Minister of State deliberately ascribing the bene-
ficial influences at work among the community to
the good sense and improved temper of the people,
aad when he considers ;it a better result of the
tactics of his party that they do not excite the
wrath of his opponents than that they have been
carried triumphantly through an opposing Senate,
and been ordained as the leaders of the land. The
days are not so very distant when no politician of
repute ever thought of appearing in public without
doing his utmost to scatter opprobrium and clever
ridicule upon his adversaries, be they good, bad, or
indifferent. In fact, it was the secret of success to
damage the opposing party more than to exalt one's
own. In the Chancellor of the Exchequer's discourse
we find a comprehensive view taken of public, party,
and social questions which is worthy of his high
position and great influence, and does honour to his
discernment and g3od taste. Of course, so eminent
a scholar would appreciate the efforts made to
establish institutes and such refining and elevating
establishments amid a busy and bustling race, cons
sumed by toil and traffic, and living in the ceaseless
din and turmoil of active life and stupendous
engagements in mighty undertakings. He observed
that he had regarded with satisfaction the growth
of such institutions among them, " all of which are
a testimony to the great truth that man does not
live by bread alone—that he has a mind, a rational
and immortal part—that he is born for the future
more than for the present, and that all real im-
provement which takes place among us is invari-
ably attended with this condition—it looks forward
to and prepares to meet the future." If such an
effect is the end of these works they can seek no
better consummation and aspire to no holier issue.
It is the chief drawback to manufacturing engage-
ments and comnlercial pursuics that they have a
tendency to give the material the ascendancy in the
minds and thoughts of men. Let us eat and drink,
for to-morrow we die, has been the secret
maxim, if not the acknowledged prac-
tice, of many an envied millionaire and
successful speculator, and the sentiment in a
lesser degree is shared by the smaller ones around
them. All that tends to interpose a check upon
such grovelling notions should be welcomed, and
a man of thought and experience like the CHAN-
CELLOR of the EXCHEQUER must be among the first
to acknowledge the fatal error that the acquisition
of wealth, the increase of commerce, and the pro-
sperity of trade are to be welcomed as the objeets
of life, to the neglect of all better, brighter aims—
all upward, nobler tendencies. The people of Lane
cashire deserve great credit for the zeal which
they have ever and anon displayed in the fostering
and nurture of their literary institutions, and they
have reaped their reward in the thought that they
have felt in their hour of need to meet trials with
the fortitude that befits men, and the faith that be-
comes Christians. Mr. GLADSTONE truly said that
they had shown during winters of extreme affl'ction
that they need no preaciting from extraneous per-
sons to tell them how to act, and to comport them-
selves in difficulties. The right hon. gentleman
alluded to the improved prospects which now
dawned upon them in respect to cotton, because the
other countries of the world were found to be cap-
able of supplying, in some theasure at least, the
deficiencies caused by the stoppage of trade with
America. The right hon. gentleman expressed his
earnest hope and well-grounded conviction that the
present evils were temporary, though extremely
severe, and that the time was not so very far off,
when they should see "the vast and gigantic sys-
tem of enterprise :on which the fortunes of South
Lancashire principally depend again restored to the
whole extent of its former operations, with a cer-
tainty and stability which, in the former circum-
stances, it never would have been able to attain."
[here was great moderation manifested in the tone
which Mr. GLADSTONE adopted in discoursing on
public effairs and the conduct of those who took
charge of them. He fearlessly admitted that ex-
cellence was difficult to attain, and perfection im-
possible in such high requirements. " The concerns
of this vast empire are so mighty, and of so compli-
cated a character, that to handle them as they ought
to be handled, altogether exceeds and transcends
human strength." There is more real dignity in
thus acknowledging one's deficiencies than in
parading supposed successes and lauding one's-
self and one's colleagues to the uttermost.
Mr. GLADSTONE briefly touched upon the Legis-
lature as a body, and declared that it for the
most part reflected the temper of the nation, and
represented its opinions. After a hard day's
work people get tired, and thus he considered
Parliament had earned a right to rest after the
many useful acts passed of late years. The right
hon. gentleman concluded by expressing a hope
that never again should we witness such a period
as that which distinguished the reign of WILLIAM
IV.—the crisis of the Reform Bill—but that other
improvements might be as successfully carried in
a milder form, and in a comprehensive spirit of
unity. It must be admitted that Mr. GLADSTONE
lass made a very happy choice of his subjects,
and that he has contrived, in the limits of an
ordinary discourse, to treat upon the most excit-
ing objects of interest and importance to those
around him. Doubtless in future days those who
listened to his flowery discourse will recognise
the truth of many of his prophetic utterances,
and acknowledge that public affairs are not so
depressing as some would affirm, when they come
under the consideration of a master mind.

It was only to be expected that the news from
Lancashire should show a less favourable aspect
as the season advanced, and the Central Relief
Committee, with the prudence that has distin-
guished their operations throughout, took care
some time since to caution the public that a tem-
porary increase of distress was probable. The rise
in the number of uncmployed, and the falling of
from full time to short time, in many quarters, is
due, however, in a groat measure, to oth..r reasons
than the approach of winter. It is true that the
harvest operations have hitherto offered a resource
to a good many of the enforced idlers, and that
these are now concluded; but the fluctuations of
trade have more to do with the increased distress
than either the conclusion of haymaking, or even
the lack of cotton. The condition of the money
market his, it is said, been partly the cause of the
number of closed mills ; and other commercial
reasons, including, of coarse, deficient supply of the
raw material, have contributed to check the tide oi
returning prosperity. At the same time there is
no ground for panic, nor, indeed, for any very
serious anxiety, since the present state of affairs is
not likely to be more than temporary, and is only
what has been foreseen from the commencement of

the better times. There will be many such varies
tions before the stream flows on as of old ; there
will be ebb and flow, prosperity and adversity, in
quick succession; but so long as there is the
prospect of a fair and increasing supply of cotton
from sources wholly independent of the
American war there is no ground for public un-
easiness. In the meantime the question is how to
deal with the present pressure, and the Central
Committee as usual are prompt in action. At their
monthly meeting held in Manchester on Monday
last it was decided that they should assemble
weekly for the next fortnight, so as to act with
the caution necessary under existing circumstances.
The comparative smallness of the balance in hand
renders it desirable to husband their means with a
view to the possible exigencies of the coming
winter, and accordingly at the two meetings of The
Executive and of the Gmeral Committees held on
Monday, various schemes were proposed with this
end. The Executive Committee have good right to
take credit to themselves for the prudent distribu-
tion of the funds entrusted to their care, for, as
they justly remark in their report, the balance now
in hand would not exist if they had not striven to
enforce as much economy as appeared consistent
with the wellbeing of the people. The precautions
hitherto observed are now again enforced, and the
Executive Committee especially recommend " that
an increase should take place in the number of fees
tory operatives employed on public works, and that
a larger proportion of the unemployed hitherto
should receive relief from the Boards of Guardians
or from local subscriptions." They further advise
the separate action in all cases of the Boards
of Guardians and of the District Committees.
With regard to the Public Works Act, the state
of affairs now brought to light is not
altogether satisfactory. Some unforeseen and un-
necessary difficulties seem to lie in the way, and
the result is that although large sums are raised
and extensive works carried on those for whom the
Act was especially intended do not get a fair share
of its benefits. Thus in Manchester, where there
are about 9,000 people out of employment, only
155 cotton operatives are now employed on the
public works, although £85,000 have been received
from the Commissioners. The Mayor complains
that great difficulty has been experienced in getting
from the guardians as many men as they required,
and further stated that the guardians were in the
habit of making periodical returns of the number
of persons who were fit for employment on public
works, and that at the close of September there was
a total of 65, most of whom had aiece been absorbed.
But the standard of efficiency must be very rigid if
so small a proportion of 9,000 are certified, and we
cannot help thinking that such a result does not at
all meet the intentions of Parliament, or the neces-
sities of the population. Even in Blackburn, where
the number employed is much larger, only 340 fac-
tory operatives are employed to 500 labourers. It
appears to be a miracle to carry out these works by
contract, since the contractors naturally prefer to
get the best men they can for the money, so as to
get the work done well and quickly. if the object
is to give the unemployed operatives remunerative
occupation, and so relieve the rates, it is
by no means the best way to attain
it to employ ordinary contractors as agents.
The proportion of able-bodied men to the whole
number of factory operatives may very probably
be much smaller than is generally supposed, but
the best does not seem to be made of the matter.
The public will be inclined to echo Lord EuER-
TON'S remark, that "he never imagined it was
necessary that men should be sent by the guar-
dians before they could come under the Public
Works Act, and that if it were so, he hoped steps
would be taken to extend its benefits to others.'.
The less of a double agency there is the better, and
the local jealousies which are apt to exist between
two authorities are better avoided, as far as possible.
It would be very desirable to stretch the Act a
little further, and to be a little less rigid in the ex-
clusion of those who do not quite come up to the
recognised standard. The High Sheriff, Sir J.
KAY SHUTTLEWORTII, remarked upon the necess
sity which existed for increased efforts on the part
of the local authorities in this matter. He said
very justly that the pressure, which was likely to
occur during the winter months, ought to be met
by increased exertions in placing factory operatives
on public works. It is not fair those districts
which are profiting by the Act to raise money and
carry out lasting improvements in their vicinity to
neglect those to assist whom the Act was specially
passed, and to leave them to depend upon the
diminished resources of the Relief Fund. An in-
crease of 12,000 in the recipients of
relief demands some corresponding exer-
tion, and this is so plain and practical
a way of affording assistance that there is no excuse
for not carrying it out to the fullest possible extent.
It is also very wise on the part of the Committee
to insist upon a fair share of relief being given by
the guardians, so that the two sources of aid may
be kept apart. If the Relief Fund is to be called
upon to supplement the allowance of the guardians
its stores will soon be exhausted, whereas, on the
other hand, if the relief administered is to be only
at the rate of ls. or is. 3J. per head a week, there
is good cause to apprehend disease and famine. We
are glad to find that previous to the resolution passed
by the Committee on Monday, the Blackburn guar-
dians had nearly doubled their rate of relief, and
the determination of the Committee not to make
grants to any town, unless the parochial relief
averages 2s. a head, is likely to induce other dis-
tricts to follow their example. It would be very
shortsighted kindness to the ratepayers were the
Committee to expend all the sum they have in
hand, and leave themselves without the power of
mitigating future pressure. There is little doubt
that, if need be, further subscriptions will be
promptly forthcoming, but there is every reason for
preserving a cheerful and hopeful spirit, since the
crisis is bat of a temporary character, Not only
have we the past to look back upon with wonder
and thankfulness, but we have every ground for
anticipating the constant, if gradual, increase in
our supply of cotton which has already, indepen-
dently of American sources, been augmented to
an amount which most persons would have deemed
scarcely credible some two years since. •

THE NEW REGISTRAR IN BANKRUPTCY.—ThE
Lord Chancellor has appointed Mr, James Stephen,
of the Middle Temple, barrister-at-law, to be a registrar of
the Court of Bankruptcy for the Lecd3 district, in the room
of Mr Samuel Payne, who retires on account of age and
infirmity, after a service of upwards of twenty years, Mr
Stephen was called to the bar in 1846, has obtained the
degree of LL.D., is Professor of English Law and Jurispru-
dence at King's College, and is also Recorder of Poole.

THE QUEEN'S HORSES.—It will be thought very
naturally that tLe finest stud of all classes of horses
is to be found in the Queen's stables. And probably in the
days of Gac.rge IV. this was the ease, but at present the
Sovereign's tastes do not include horseflesh. Probably the
influence of Prince Albert had a great deal to do with the
neglect into which the royal stables had fallen. His royal
highness neither knew nor cared anything about horse-
flesh, and the consequence is that at the present moment
there is scarcely a horse in the Buckingham Palace stables
that can be considered first rate, and many of them are
shocking jades. The public had an opportunity of witness-
ing the second rate character of the animals sent to convey
the Princess Alexandra into London—animals that our
leading nobility would not have in their stables. The
riding horses are of a more inferior nature still ; with one
exception, those used by the Pence of Wales.—Once a
Week,

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

[REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.]

ALGERIA.

PARIS, OCT. 13.

An official report has been received from Gene-
ral Folivet, describing a gallant engagement which
took place on Sept. 291 h and 30th, between his
colunart of troops and a very numerous body of the
Arab insurgents. The loss of the latter was 400
killed and 400 wounded. That of the French is
estimated at 80 killed and 27 wounded.