The Sun.
London, England, 1852-09-15 00:00:00

THE SUN,

DEATH London, and absolutely struck it clarnb. Its effect;
2, was like that of the opening guns cf Waterloo, at;
'Brussels, for there were
OF THE
Gathering tears and t,remblings of distress,
btIICE OF WELLINGTON aand lips all pale—
every household to which the heavy tidings arrived...
:iTo-day the journals will he perused by many a sor
sixth Edition of The Sun, last evening, ::irowitig and an awe-struck man. When. the ashes.
of
eXClllAiVely, the announcement of the cleat:. the mighty dead shall have found their last resting
hl5 Grace the Duke of Wellington, which .melan-'„ place, then it will he our. time. and our duty, as jour.
%oly
event took place at his marine residence,; nalists, sadly, but impartially, to trace the life,'
ihrner Castle, yesterday afternoon. the 'character, and the exploits, both in the
the Previous state of the Noble Duke's health up' field and„ in the senate, of the great Duke of Wel-
key' '''''rning of the day of his death had not been lington.
Itti as to give any warning of so serious a result,.
klly 4°4e of his immediate circle entertained;
°PProaPPehensi°ll of the painful event that was fast
ttall R Yesterday morning his Grace rose,l
teade aPPearance, in his usual good health, and
fact to complaint of any indisposition. In thel
ta1.:,.°4 he walked out to take his customary!
oho 5e in the grounds attached to the Castle, buti
tlttle'Y after his return home he was seized with a;
that Violent epileptic fit. It was thought, however,
14 th'e attack arose from some temporary disorder
e at°lalach, which the system would soon throw
th,:rattd his Grace's medical attendants, Dr. Macar-i
heaniii Walmer, and Mr. Hulke, surgeon, of Deal,
they ! been immediately sent for, on their arrival
taa4ejeticribed an emetic. This, however, was ad
tftaserecl without producing the desired effect, and
'fia,,iliffering from a rapid succession of convulsion,
Piaci "ar violence, to the first, the Noble Duke ex
tqat quarter past three o'clock in the afternoon.
IN; ''re his death his Grace appeared to be insen
l.,as) and Was unable to articulate. About nine
%tag° his Grace experienced an attack of the
C'tltetciatilrel but his system was then better able tor,
Ltd successfully against the malady.
Tamil 'harks, and Lady Charles Wellesley and
qter there now on a visit at Walmer Castle. Shortly
'6e Noble Duke had breathed his last, a tnes-
'l)o,l4,, dispatched to the Marquis and Marchioness •
oEht.°; who are now staying at Frankfort for the
°;;, the waters, to apprise them of the decease
"instrious
..aleatately
atia, parent. The painful tidings were •
transmitted by telegraphic dispatch
hill liestY and to the Earl of Derby at Balmoral
plloWing are additional particulars of the
I.'4tra° t\,.:ehington's death, which will be found
tc
'4leated° reports already circulated concerning th,
°ccurrence
• for ~..atIOTIS
whatever had prepared the public. •
4t4/1, sudden an event, and the melancholy oc
a'b° weep wat entirely unexpected by those persons
I'l qr."' nnanediately attached to the Duke's person.
altkla,,ce took his customary walk in the grounds
the-`4 tmorning. 8 the Castle early yesterday
Ytaptora,
D: Nob! -` had appeared up to that time, and •
rt,:e orae Duke even inspected the stables, and
ell that arrangements should be mad,
rece ve raey to Dover, where he intended
Nei 4 Lady Westmoreland, who was ex
1% 4,„ "" arrive there in the afternoon. On
l'klietj' '
es return to the Castle, however, he was
~alme9elZed
with an epileptic fit. Dr. M'Arthur,algeo.
and Messrs. William and John Hulk,
of TN
4,1 t tars Deal, were immediately sent for, and on
11,,'51Y -14.111 an emetic was prescribed, but nnfortu
'eve ` any favourable result. Even then,
►kit r, it wa
ett, ato s not anticipated that danger was lin-
-111(1 ‘4
hopes were entertained that the attack
114
BPeedilY pass away. Unhappily these favour-
'tletk''Pectations were yd'oomed to disappointment ;
I,.,lPirecirafPidlY succeeded attack, and his Grace finallyu
Ltbt r°°7l exhaustion at a quarter-past 3 P
.9tta4hent of his death the Duke appeared to pre-
la-ii;aci°Usness though unable
.to speak. •
iNta , gratifying to the public to learn that his
7°1,b4 lit:;ast, moments- were calm, and that he passed
Ores"lthout suffering or pain.
L.i.q4qp a" were immediately dispatched to Lord
fa", Somerset his his Grace's Military Secretary,
• Varkinson, his Grace's solicitor,
is pending
Iklclwo rival no steps can be taken. It not yet
therefore, when the funeral will take place.
;:411:1-:4,Persons, in addition to the medical gentle-
-14-,,ead
1, attendance who witnessed the Duke's death,
441. ' butler, and Mr. Kendall, valet to
tke.
4,tehes were also forwarded to her Majesty
FLordDerby; and to the Mar-
a 4tt , , and to
Ntatt 4Tarchioness of Douro, who are staying at
40
tC•qt ha shop in Deal and Walmer were im
p°tahli,
upon the announcement of this de- .
tat ;14%4, and a perfect stupor appeared to seize
qZS4c),inhabitants, who did not seem able to
important an occurrence.
tr4a r,iel,aufortunate andimmediate
kail tit ,also prevails in the i house-
tad 'utter Castle. Lord Charles Wellesley
a visit to
%(` Well. and family onwereehis Lordship
114"raa, Wellesley,
ttal) aaa a`'' On the preceding day.
. a ire
r, 1,1-0 quantly conversed, with his illustrious
t "usual indications appeared then, and
4tllaad Ph thewhat-
moment of the attack nothing
of
aPPened to cause any alarm or feeling
ess.
he
, u •
noir,b
t,
sea rvatioenronide Chronicle contains the following
on the sudden removal from
itba us
of the great Captain of the age
t•
or s ~udden tidings of the departure of the great
1,44c1
4+e,i4.01t Statesman,osPirinon which will to-day fall like
and
Europe,ite
att ota to nature—so are of so overwhelming an
re—so powerfully calculated, for
tht‘4t the uorinnib the faculties and agitate the soul
ts°st wisest and the calmest, the most clear and
tvepptec
t
sober of intellects naturally demand m
ennte, grasp
fully to weigh, and fully to the
De9af
e'
l se heY e
Proceed to study and to sea? s
character, and the fame of the Illustrious
4:14
d;4e) it may be said, his end was to be expected.
''''lst•-11 his eight -fourth year. Iron as was
lokt44eciltilti.°n, it haYd to bear the weight of a
tta life, passed .
'hal in the extremest mental
V,,sarn "e raost harrowing of anxieties—first
tO ha to t'3Chext, and only in a small degree dimit
4ltleale: senate. Of late years, too, it was no
'tl4, that his frame, both physical and mental,
tto, Lis of
submission to the inevitable and uni-
kith~~it The unsteady gait and the faltering
th
°ccasional though momentary, dim-
VI of aaci°s° faculties which overthrew the greatest
I,,pt,h t%e \‘'llorai prostrate Europe ever groaned
ors told, from time to time, of the gradual
those cold fingers which have closed at
th
closed in St. Helena.
eY
txl, a be, Yet the
were,
'llatver 412aaie—the change which has, asit
Thal hen ordinary every-day ideas—the b o
eeri Struck at our councils, both of peace
social significance—its vast
'll 4he `'e its deep emotional interest to every
t
titki~tlliort~Cannot but render us, for the moment,
t an!hall we usually are to treat at once, ,
the~~lgleattDtr'°ns°m 9d y, life. and the reputation
who has just left us. While
°f Wellington's ashes are yet hardly
liNti'pt bee:, greatest life which was amongst us;;.
'l4ll nut barely offered up—it seems to us
hbit ' hat?' and ungenerously and
4101,4 arigiii
to
treatShia
the career which has
itheo a hurried and impromptu literary.'
'kla i which befits
Itl an ordinary great man
(1 no common event, and it has
h 4° odi
that() as bo,r nary period. Our loss is grievous,
timael.len us in dark, unsettled, and stormy t;
"Itla th At this moment we think more of
the all of the life of the statesman-hero. We
tea e, e
thea„
4, "'merlon of that vast military genius on
°cb .1)(4Bible event of a European war, we
Mail
11'0 elan Such fond reliance. We think of 4
.4
t'
taa-g °f that brain which, in civil matters
‘lia„'st high well %
4-41,h Pring of the shrewdest sense and
the tf t souled honesty ; and, in the immediate
tltt 1) he bet.,
a,troih at , 11,1:eat; ..welaivinegmteonot,,, when the words " Death
C
are as yet strange, an
t the terrible in our ears, we naturally con),
3 he
still alou
raful tenor of our thoughts around
111 4,1_ 4.1 g catastrophe.
ill 141
oeeti
sir I. Wellington died as suddenly as thong
ti,lititijahtn. uck down at the head of his conquer-I
\N'it,er eo.e4 on the field of battle. Perhaps it''
thqllll po He suffered no illness—he languished]
ttpoil
,47. darkening of the soul, Thank God,l
414 "a of IV not die as Marlboro! igh died. Likel
led, "--audd
laci °s% great victories, ame the tidings',
at pia ean
44e
--overwheltning- -but, alas, un
44 nquests were never public surprises
L •
43t tight the neN vs flew through'

Arthur Wellesley, fourth son of the second Earl of
IMornington, who married the eldest daughter of the
!first Viscount Dungannon, was born at Morningtoni
House, Merrion-street, in the city of Dublin, on the;
29th of April, 1769. The year is memorable as„
having given birth to his great rival in the field 4
Napoleon Bonaparte, to his atter opponent and subse-A
quent guest and friend, Marshal Soult, to George./
Canning, and to Cuvier. At an early age the futurda
conqueror of the " child of destiny," the arbiter of 4
nations, and councillor of Sovereigns, came to Engi
land. After a few years of domestic instruction 1)0
wss sent to Eton College, and from thence proceeded,4
being intended for the military profession, to Angiersii
(Maine-et-Loire), and entered at the Military College 2
there as a pupil of Pignerol, to whom French engi-
neers have applied the epithet of " the modern
Vaubon." At this period Napoleon was pursuing
similar studies at the School of Brienne. At 4
the age of eighteen the name of " Arthur
Wesley " was gazetted as ensign in the
73d Regiment, and in December following promoted tk
ro a Lieutenancy in the 76th Foot. In January, iA
1778, he exchanged into the 41st, and in June of theß
same year was appointed to the 12th Light Dragoons.
He received his company and commission in June 11
1791, and in October of the following year was ap-'1
pointed to a troop in the 18th Hussars. In 1790 the .1
family influence of the Morningtons sent him into the'
Commons' House at the general election, where he
represented the borough of Trim. The Gazette of
April 30, 1793, contains his name as Major of the 33d
Foot, and five months afterwards he became Lieu-,
tenant-Colonel of that regiment. In 1794 the 33d,._,
under orders for Lord Moira's expedition to the coast,
of France, was embarked, when counter-orders sent
the troops to reinforce the Duke of York, then makings,
nis blundering coup d'essai in the Netherlands. The,
future Field-Marshal here saw he deadly shock of
nettle ; the fate of the war was ecided, and
s
tenant-Colonel Wellesley, in command of three bat- ,f
rations, covered the retreat. On the 6th of July, "4-
1794, at Alost, he repulsed the advanced guard of the;;.
French, and on the 10th, at Mechlin, he checked''
heir forward movement with much loss. In March, -f:
1795, the regiment embarked at Bremen for England,l
and in July, four months later, Colonel Wellesley
:tad reorganised his regiment, and reported it fit for '.•
iervice. In October, 1795, he embarked at South-
ampton for the West Indies, but the transport was.'
shattered by stormy weather, and driven back tot:
oort. In April, 1796, the 83d sailed for India, and
Wellesley, gazetted as its colonel, on the 3d of May •
joined his regiment at the Cape. In 1797 his"
brother, the Earl of Mornington, now known to his-'.
tory as the Marquis Wellesley, was appointed to the
Governor-Generalship of India, whilst French in-'
I,rigue, French aid, French officers, pervaded and agi-
D'rated the court and camp of the Sultan of the Mysore,
the renowned Tippoo Saib. That portion of his life.
is but so much of the history of the nations which '
formed for the time the theatre of his exploits. Mal- Is
iavelly and Seringapatam were followed by Conag-',
ball, and by the Mahratta wars in 1803, where at
A.ssaye he crushed the fierce and hitherto in- .
sincible cavalry of central India. Honours:
were now showered on the victorious General -.
Wellesley. The inhabitants of Calcutta presented
him with a sword of the value of 1,000 guineas, .„
A gold vase and services of plate, and in 1805 the,
'•
tanks of the King and Parliament were voted for
his services in the Deccan ; the same year be re-
turned to England, and on the 10th of April, 1806,:_.'
married Catherine, the third daughter of the second
Earl of Longford. In the same year he commanded s'
A brigade in Lord Cathcart's Hanoverian expedition ;
but the battle of Austerlitz had crushed all hope of a
junction with the Austrian and Russian armies, and ;
Augereau was hastening with 40,000 men to meet ns. -
Cathcart called a council of war, whereat the young
Illndian general was almost the junior officer. H ,e, in
1-he face of all the older officers, delivered his opinion,
hat beating the enemy was practicable, at a minimum';;
of risk, with the sea open. His rashness was cen-
sured, -.
and his advice rejected. Soon afterwards he
vas returned for Newport. In 1807 his administra-,s-
ive career opened by his appointment to the Chief
secretaryship for Ireland. [n the same year,t
in the expedition against Copenhagen, under Lord 1,
Cathcart, he was second in command. The result Z
?was, after an attack planned in the most strategics?`manner, the complete overthrow of the Danes and 4-
surrender of their fleet, of 16 sail of the line, 9 fri-.
gates, 14 sloops, and numerous smaller vessels, with ss
90 transports filled with naval stores.
In 1808 Sir Arthur Wellesley again received the
shanks of Parliament, and on this occasion made a -
nrief and manly reply. After a few months of ad-
ministrative activity in Ireland, the Government:::
sonsidering the determined, though ill-conducted re- :-
,istance of the Spaniards to the French invasion de-
served
assistance, dispatched Sir Arthur to Corunna
with an auxiliary force. The conceited and silly Junta;
,_a•
intoxicated by the news of Dupont's surrender Aug,
Baylen, fancied themselves able to cope with Bon at
'r
Jarte, and rejected his co-operation. He departed:a- ''
for the Tagus, and landed at Mondego Bay on
3, where he was joined by General Spencer. l e.,.
marched with 20,000 men rapidly along the coast,:-..'
without waiting for his superior officer, Sir John
Moore, fought a fierce battle with General Laborde at ..
Roleia, and was hastening to confront Junot, whose rt
mission was declared to be, "to drive these English 0
into the sea," when he was superseded in the coin-:'t
mend by Sir Harry Burrard, an old, cautious, do- .s
nothing disciplinarian of a bygone school, then on -41
nig way out from England. Sir Harry arrived in
time to see the victory of Vimiera, and prevented t
its being followed by the occupation of Lisbon. The i.
disgust of Wellington at the contemptible convention
'
of Cintra, to which, from respect to the etiquette of 4
seniority he reluctantly assented, followed. Again,
he applied himself to his duties as Irish Secretary,M
and won respect from his rigid punctuality, untiringN
assiduity, and business habits. y-
Sir is ohn Moore's disastrous campaign intervened:s
Portugal fell, and in 1809, Sir Arthur Wellesley, ,s
resigning his Irish secretaryship, and making a sti-
pulation against the then ridiculous jobbery of fre-,'
quent supercessions, took the command of the army 'F
of liberation, which landed at Lisbon on the 22d of•
April, 1809. And now began that brilliant series of T.
military exploits which have rendered the name of'.
Wellington imperishable. Soult retreated after he
had captured Oporto and Galicia, with 25,000 men,
without cannon, baggage, or stores. Marshal Victor,
j
with King Joseph and Jourdan, joined Sault in
June, with a reorganised army of vastly superior
numbers. With 17,000 men Talavery was won,
after a terrific struggle. A peerage, by the style of
Baron Douro and Viscount Wellington was con•
cerred on him. The defence of Lisbon by the lines
of Torres Vedras are " familiar in men's mouths
as household words ;" admitted by all mili-
tary authorities as the most surprising effort of sci-
ence which the art of war, ancient or modern, has
produced. Massena, with 85,000 men, advanced to.
drive the British to their ships; alas for " the spoilt
child of Victory," his fortune had deserted him. i.
Against that impregnable rampart his skill availed,!
nought, ahe retreted after several months, pur- ,
sued by the her tier
Wellington across the frontier
of Spain. Fuentes d'Onor, Albuera, were fought.-
Massena was recalled, and Marshal Marmont, with.
70,000 men, came up with Wellington and 14,000
troops, who effected " a masterly retreat," says the
French historian of the Peninsular war—Foy.
The marvellous campaign of 1812—wherein a
penniless, shoeless, often dinnerless army of brave
men fought, while the profligate Administrations of
Percival and Co. were raising enormous subsidies,
and consuming the substance of unborn generations
on wretched foreign mercenaries—followed. Not-
withstanding this damning record, perpetuated on the
indignant, terse, and always lucid communications'
of Wellington, Soult and Marmont were baffled,
deceived, or conquered at Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz,
and Salamanca. Again and again public thanks
were awarded him, and this year a more solid testk
monial of 100,0001. for an estate,-,and 2,0001. per an-
num, followed. In 1813, came the victories of Vit-
toria, San Sebastian, and the passage of Nivelle ; in
1814, Orthez, and Toulouse. 400.0001. from Par I
hament, in addition to former grants, and the ap-i
pointment of ambassador to the Court of France,l
proved the high estimation taken by the nation of
their distinguished commander.
Napoleon's escape from Elba, and the 100 days)
once more called for the sworl of Wellington, andl
for the last time the Corsican Mars looked over ti,
;field destined at sunset to see the last eclipse of his
'glory, and in July Paris capitulated to Wellington
;and Blucher.
In 1815 the English field-marshal was appointed
to command the army of observation, and on the final
evacuation of France in November, 1818, the Dukei
lof Wellington returned to England- The rest of the,
illustrious Duke's career belongs to civil history. He
assisted at the Congress of Vienna and of that of Aix-',
/la-Chapelle, and entered Lord Liverpool's Cabinet as
1
Master-General of the Ordnanin
Ordnance. In 1826,
to St. Petersburgh on a special embassy ; and
1827 was busily engaged in
Parli,amentary affairs.
He was also appointed with Sir Robert Peel one of,
the Commissioners for India. On the death of the,
Duke of York in &wry, the ihke witsPppOilltedi