The Sun.
London, England, 1864-08-03 00:00:00

The British Archaeological Institute,

WIAWICIE, Tuesday.
The proceedings of the annual congress closed to-
day. The excursionists to Maxstoke-castle did not
return to Warwick until a late hour last night.
They were entertained at the castle by Mr. Feather-
stone, on behalf of his brother, Mr Fetherstone Dilke,
and Mr Fetherstone read a paper giving a history
of the castle, which was built by Sir William de
Clinton in the reign of Edward 111., and remained
in the possession of his family until Henry VI„
when it passed by exchange into the hands of Hum-
phrey, Earl of Stafford. It subsequently passed into
other hands until it was purchased from Sir Thomas
Egerton Knight by Mr Thomas Dilke, which family
now retains possession of it.
This morning the annual meeting of the members
of the institute was held at the Court-house for the
transaction of business. It was resolved after a good
deal of discussion that the country meeting next
year should be held at Dorchester, and it was re-
ferred. to the central committee to consider whether
the meeting for 1855 should not be held either in
London or Windsor. Lord Leigh and many new
members were elected into the institute,

Lord Neaves subsequently presided at the read•
ing of papers. There were present also Lord Leigh
Sir R. Kiiby, Mr Repton, M.P., Mr Greaves, M.P.,
Mr Beresford Hope, Mr Tucker, Mr Bracebridge,
the Rev Mr Hill, &c. Papers on the following stab•
jects were read :—On " The Discovery of a Roman
Villa at Chedworth, Gloucestershire," by the Rev S.
Lyson. This villa was accidently discovered a short
time since by a gamekeeper, who, putting his hand
into a rabbit's-hole, drew out a handful of tesserm.
This led to research being made, and the discovery
of the remains of a Roman villa was the result. This
villa is at the foot of Chedworth woods, on the
property of Lord Eldon, whose uncle and trustee,
Mr. Farrer, M.P., is conducting the researches with
great zeal. The ohief feature on which Mr Lyson
dwelt on these remains was the discovery of two dis-
tinct instances of the Christian monogram. One of
these was found on the under part of the steps lead-
ing out of the corridor into the villa itself, showing
that the builder of the villa was a Christian, and
singularly confirming the tradition of a custom
common in ancient days of placing beneath the
foundation.stoues of buildings some token of the
religious faith of the builder, as shown by St Paul,
2 Tim. ii., 19,—" The foundation of God standeth
sure, bearing this seal." One of the two specimens
is two inches in diameter ; the other is not so deeply
incised, and is in form more like the common
specimens found in the catacombs of Rome.
This is four inches long. Some years ago,
added Mr. Lyson, there was discovered in
the same parish, about a mile distant, and appar
ently an appendage to the villa, a bath, the greater
part of the bricks with which it was constructed
being marked with the letters A RVIR I, which
was precisely the legend given on the coins attri-
buted to Arviragus, the British king, said by oar
chroniclers to have been friendly to the Rimans,
and to whom Claudius is said to have married his
daughter. Mr Lyson described the extent of the
villa, and promised a more elaborate report when
the explorations were finished. In conclusion, he

stated that he had just received a communication

from Pyddocke describing the discovery of some
human bones and a stratum of burnt animal matter
at Bixley, in Gloucestershire—a parish teeming
with ancient remains. In reference to these he
should have much ti say in his forthcoming work,

" Our British Ancestors ; Who and What They
Were." "On some Medi[eval Remains at Beaude -
Bert, Staffordshire," by Mr Molineux. This was
rather a lengthy paper on some remaias believed to
be those of an encampment on the tops of the hills
of Cannock Chase. The encampment described in
the paper i 3 on the highest point of those hills, 900
feet above the level of the sea, and known in the
locality as Castle Ring. It contains a series of banks
and ditches, which have been ascribed by various
writers to the British, Saxon, and Danish races, but
Mr Molineux had reason to conclude that they were
part of a chain of posts which, as at Bury Ring,
near Stamford Bury Bank, near Stone, and pro-
bably other places, occupied the highest point of the
range of the hills running parallel to the valleys of
the river Trent. Mr Molineux related the disco•
veries ha had made there, among which was a
bronze spear head, in an excellent state of preserr-a•
tion, deer bones, some flints, which must have been
brought there by human agency, a piece of rudely-
worked granite, and two querns in millstone grit.
Excavations were being made at the expense of the
Earl of Anglesea.
This concluding the sectional business, Lord
Neaves resigned the chair to Lord Leigh, who pre-
sided over the concluding meeting.
Lord LEIGH said they had now brought to a close
the business of the congress, and he was sure they
would all agree with him that their best thanks
were due to the mayor and magistrates of Warwick
for the facilities they had afforded to the members
of the institute and their visitors during the past
week. He therefore moved, with the greatest plea-
sure, a vote of thanks to. the Mayor and Corpova•
tion, not only for their gratifying address of wel-
come, but also for their hearty co-operation in all
the proceedings of the week.
This vote, having been carried by acclamation,
was acknowledged by the Mayor in a brief speech.
Lord NEAYES next moved a vote of thanks to the
Earl of Warwick for throwing open his castle and
grounds, and affording the institute facilities for
their inspection. He could not refrain from re-
marking that the meeting had been most successful.
The museum was a most excellent one, and their
reception on every hand had been most kind and
gratifying. Lord Leigh had especially entitled
himself to their thanks, and they had derived the
greatest gratification from their visits to Warwick
Castle, Coventry, Lichfield, and Stratford-on-
Avon. He congratulated them on the success which
had attended their meeting, and moved the vote,
which was carried unanimously.
Mr. BERESFORD HOPE next moved:—" That the
cordial acknowledgments of the meeting be offered
to the Corporations of Lichfield, Coventry, and
Stratford-on-Avon for the liberality with which
they have placed the public buildings of their muni-
cipalities at the command of the institute, and espe-
cially to the Corporation of Coventry for the highly
interesting museum organised by them in St. Mary's
Hall."

Mr. HOPE, in moving the resolution, remarked
that when a child he had a sort of Tagua dread at

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, - AUGUST 3, 1864

fairly he drawn that there his boon a previous similar act
or event, it may be, shown. It was on that principle it w
held some years ago by the Court for Crown Cases Re-
served, In eases of murder by p)ison, that a previous death
by poison in the prisoner's house might be proved, with a
view to show that the death of the deceased by poison WAS
not aceidental, and he had lately (as he mentioned at Maid-
stone) himself followed that decision in a similar case—
Garner's case on the Midland Circuit. The principle was
not to be doubted, and most important, that it was open to
the prosecution to prove the actual happening of several,
or some other, similar acts or facts, but in this case the
evidence offered was not of that character, and was far too
loose to be admitted in the present charge.
The case was then proceeded with, and it appeared that
there had been a previous fire on the same premises, but
which was not traced to the prisoner. The prisoner's iden-
tity was only spoken to by two or three persons, who ob-
served a man at a distance of from 4 to 20 feet, at night.
The learned Judge left the case briefly to the jury, with
a strong intimation of his opinion that the evidence was
unsatisfactory, and that it was only a case of suspicion.
The jury found the prisoner not guilty.
Mr Lilley said he had six witnesses in court ready to give
the prisoner a good character, and
The learned judge observed that this must strongly weigh
in a case of doubtful identity.

A respectable-looking middle-aged woman named Tolson
was indicted for bigamy.
Mr Wood conducted the ease for the prosecution ; the
prisoner was undefended.
The eme of the prosecutionwas attempted to be proved in
a novel manner, In 1855 the prisoner was married to a man
named John Edward Tolson, a soldier in the Inniskilling
Dragoons. This man was sot forthcoming as a witness,
but evidence was given by a sergeant of the 7th Dragoon
Guards that in 1858 he was stationed with his regiment at
Canterbury, and that one John Edward Tolson was there in
the regiment, and that they afterwards went to India, where
he left that man alive in 186& He was shown a photograph,
which he recognised as the likeness of that man, but the
attesting witness of the first marriage, being shown the
photograph, could not speak positively to it as being the
likeness of the man to whom the prisoner was married. In
1860 she married another mar. named Hinds at Faversham,
in Kent, being then described as a widow, and he lived
with her for three years, and then, hearing of the first mar-
riage, gave her into custody for bigamy. The prisoner's
defence in substance was that ale did not know her first hue-
band was alive.
Mr Justice Willes, in summing up the case to the jury,
said that if the second marriage took place after the first
husband had not been heard )f for seven years the offence of
bigamy could not be commited, but here the observation
did not apply, for the first marriage was in 1855, and the
second in 1860, only five years afterwards. The offence,
however, could not be committed if the first husband WAS
not alive. And the eviderze as to this was doublcal, be-
cause there was great doult as to the identity of the first
husband with the John Edward Tolson proved to have
been alive in 1863; and the photograph was not evidence
to be relied upon. The jury must be satisfied that the first
husband was alive when AU married the second.
The jury, after a brief °nictitation, found the ➢risoner
Not Guilty, at which them was the beginning of a burst
of applause.

folding-door of the parinurs, the door of which he had burst
open. He was hanging torward in a sitting position, with
his teet touching the ground, so that, he could have saved
himself if he liked. The rope by which he was hanging was
a skipping-rope (produced). Found in his pockets the key
of the parlour-door, which he had locked and put in his
pocket. Found also SOISO money, a latch-key, and part of a
Metropolitan Railway ticket from Gower-street to Baker-
street. Found a savings•bank book of the Marylebone Bank
in the name of Bishop, £BO is 6d, had been paid in, but
had been repaid all but £2 15s 10d. The last payment in
was, £1 on the 13th July. There was no Christian name to
the name "Bishop." Brown went by that name as well as
her. The last receipt for rent was made out from Mr Bishop,
dated March 26, and signed by Mrs Summers, the landlady.
On searching the back kitchen found the hearthstone had
been taken up, and the earth recently disturbed, but there
was a drain passing under it. There were marks of blows
and also blood on the ceiling of the back kitchen, which
was very low.
Wm. Royalance, the person referred to by the witness
Murphy as having heard the statement of Mrs Loader—He
said he lived at 16, Smith• street, and on hearing of the
murder he jumped over the back wall and saw Mrs Loader.
She said she was there when the murder took place, for,
hearing screams, she opened the back kitchen door and saw
the woman bleeding on the floor, having heard screams and
a heavy fall previously. She exclaimed, " My God, Brown,
are you murdering the woman r and he said, " No, only a
faint ;" and he sent for some beer, which she fetched, and
that he then sent her out for some liver and bacon, and
when she came back she asked where Mrs Bishop was, and
he then said she had gone out and stood at the window
and made faces at him.
By a Juror—Remember Mrs Loader distinctly stating
that she saw the poor wretch bleeding in the back kitchen.
Elizabeth Royalance, wife of the last witness, gave cor-
roborative testimony on this point, and added that Mrs
Loader told her that she was so unnerved by the sight of
the blood that she went for the beer and had three half-
penny worth of gin to settle her nerves. Witness told her
instead of acting as she had done she ought to have brought
in a policeman with her,

Mrs Loader was recalled, and asked what she had to say
in answer to this evidence. She said she was very excited,
but did not recollect saying anything of the kind. In answer
to questions, she said she heard the screams and a cry of
" Murder," and a blow and a fall.
Mr Winkworth said there were five dents in the ceiling ;

fcur as if struck with the edge of a hatchet downwards, and
one blow which had cut through the ceiling with the edge
of the hatchet.

There being no further evidence,
The room was cleared of strangers, and after a conference
of half an hour the court was re-opened, and the jury re-
turned the following verdicts :
In the case of Rosetta Bishop—" That the said Rosetta
Bishop died from the fracture of her skull from blows given
by means of a hatchet given by James Brown, and that the
said James Brown did feloniously and maliciously kill and
murder the said Rosetta Bishop.
" That the said James Brown did wilfully and maliciously
subsequently destroy himself by strangulation, being at the
time in a sound state of mind, and that the said James
Brown was guilty of fib de se."
The Coroner said it was now his duty, in accordance with
the law, to direct that the body of the said James Brown
L should be buried within 24 lamas, and that the said buri a
should take place without the ceremony of the Church, of
any other religious ceremony being performed over it.
The witness Loader was then directed to be brought into
court.
The Coroner said he was requested by the jury, to censure
her most severely for not having called the attention of the
police to the fact, clearly established, that she had seen the
poor woman covered with blood and heard her screams. He
had also to tell her that her evidence throughout had been
mast unsatisfactory and prevaricating, and that she was de-
serving of the most severe censure for her conduct through-
out this most dreadful affair.
The proceedings, which excited deep interest, then closed.