The Sun.
London, England, 1864-09-16 00:00:00

The New Tariff and Cost of Living in the

Federal States.

(From the New York, Tribune.)
A large proportion of the articles we eat, drink, and wear
are of foreign growth or manufacture, and for these we are
now required to pay enormous prices in our currency, both
on account of the high tariff and the high prico of gold as

compared with paper money. Tea pays 25 cents per Ib ;
sugar from 3 to 5 cents per lb ; molasses, 8 cents
per gallon ; cinnamon, 30 cents per lb ; lemons,
oranges, pine-apples, &c. 25 per cent ; nutmegs, 50 cents
per lb ; mace, 40 cents per lb ; pimento and pepper un
ground, 15 cents per lb ; and ground, 18 cents par lb ; salt,
in sacks, &c. 24 cents per 100 lb ; end in bulk 18 cents per
100ib ; sardines and anchovies, 50 per cent ad valorem ;
ginger, preserved, 50 per cent; jellies, 50 per cent ; and rice,
when cleaned, 21 con►s per lb. With gold at 250, the rates
of some of the more prominent of the above articles are nearly
as follows, in currency—Tea pays about 63 cents per 10,
sugar 8 to 13 cents per lb, molasses 20 cents per gallon, pep-
per 38 cents per !b, salt 60 cents per ICO.b. Before the war,
the sum now paid for duty alone on many a. tides would have
sufficed for their entire purchase, including the duties then
paid. We find that woollen cloths, woollen shawls, and all

manufactures of wool of every description, which are not
otherwise provided for, pay a duty of 21 cents per Ib, and in
addition thereto 40 per cent ad valorem ; but if such goods
are valued at over 2 dols. per square yard they must pay in
addition to the above five per cent. Flannels, tricoloured,
valued at 10 cents or less per square yard, pay 24 cents
per Ib, and 30 per cent, and if valued above 30 cents, and
when coloured, &c., 24 cents per Ib, and 35 per cent ad
valorem. Silk-flannels pay .50 per cent; woollen hats,,24
cents per lb, and 35 per cent ; ss oollen yarn, valued at 50
cents and not over I dol, per lb, 20 cents per lb, end 25 per
cent ; valued above that, 6 per cent additional. Ready
made clothing and wearing apparel of wool, 24 cents per
Ib, and 40 per cent ; blankets of wool, 12 cents per lb, and
20 per cent, and 24 cents per lb, and 25 per cent, accord-
ing to value. Balmoral°, 24 cents per lb and 35 per cant;
woollen and worsted di ess goods, &c., from 4 cents por
square yard and 25 por cent to 6 cents and 30 per cent;
the same coloured or printed, from 4 cents and 30 per
cent, to 6 cents and 35 per cent. Shirts, drawers, and
hosiery, of wool, 20 cents per lb rid 30 per cent. Spool
cotton, 6 cents per dozen spools, containing on each spool
not exceeding 100 yards of thread, and in addition 30
per cent; exceeding 100 yards, for every additional 100
yards of thread on each spool, or fractional part in excess
of 100 yards, 6 cents per dozen and 30 per cent; cotton
shirts and drawers, woven or made on frames, and cot-
ton hosiery, 35 per cent, cotton velvet, 35 per cent ; braids

lace, &c. 35 per cent; linens, valued at 30 cents or less per
square yard, 35 per cent; valued above 39 cents, 40 per
cent; sewing silk is the gum or purified, 40 per cent ; silk
vestings, shawls, handkerchiefs, veils, shirts, drawers, &c.
60 per cent.

Congress imposed heavy taxes on articles of lvxury. both
of home and foreign manufacture. Liquors, and other
articles, the importation of which in most cases is un-
necessary, and tends only to impoverish the country with-
out any compensating advantages, are subject to the
highest duties. Brandy of first proof is to pay an import
duty of 2 dole. 60c per gallon, and higher proofs to pay in
proportion; while other spirits, made from grain, &0., are
to pay, for first proof, 2 dole, per gallon ; cordials, &c.,
pay 2 dole, per gallon; wines, valued at not over 50 cents
per gallon, 20 cents per gallon, and in addition 25 per
cent ; valued at over 50 cents and not over 1 dol. per gal-
lon, 50 cents per gallon and 25 per cent; valued at over
1 dol, per gallon, 1 dol. per gallon and 25 per cent ad vale.
rem ; other spirituous liquors, 100 per cent, ; ale, porter,
and beer, in bottles, 35 cents per gallon ; otherwise than
in bottles, 20 cents per gallon; cigars of all kinds valued, ;
at 15 dole or less per 1,000, 75 cents per lb and 20 per cent.
valued at over 15 dole end not over 40 dole per 1,000, 1 dol
25c per lb and 30 per cent.; valued at over 30 dol and not
over 45 dots per 1,000, 2 dole per lb and 50 per cent.; valued
at over 45 dole per 1,000, 3 dole per lb and 60 per cent, ;
snuff 50 cents per lb ; tobacco in leaf 3.5 cents per lb, and
manufactured 50 cents per lb; almonds 6 cents per lb,
and when shelled 10 cents per Ib, opium 2 dole 50c per lb,
and when prepared for smoking 100 per cent. ; pipes, meer-
schaum, &0., 1 dol 50c per gross, and 75 per cent. ; dia-
monds end other precious stones, not Set, 10 per cent.
Iron in its various forms is subject to many different rates
of duty. Steel is also pretty heavily taxed. On glass, too,
we find a number of different rates, Those interested in
these articles will find it more profitable to consult the law

in its details than to obtain their information from a news
paper article, necessarily limited. Gutta percha pays 40 per
cent. Carpets are used in every family, and when our
readers glance at the following high rates of duty they will
readily disco a how it is that they now command such enor-
mous high prices. Wilton, Saxony, and Aubusson, Ax-
minster, patent velvet, and tapestry, velvet carpets, Brus-
sels carpets wrought by the Jacquard machine, and an
medallion or whole ca-pets, valued at 1 dot 25c or under
per square yard, 70c per square yard ; valued at over 1 dot
25c per square yard, 80e per square yard ; !lignite and
three-ply carpets, 40c per square yard. Watches of geld or
silver, of which we formerly imported large numbers from
England, Switzerland, and other countries, are now to pay
25 per cent. ad valorem; palm leaf fans pay lc each; soap,
fancy, perfumed, honey, transparent, end all descriptions of
toilet and shaving soap, 10c per lb and 25 per cent ; soap,
not otherwise provided for, lc per lb, and in addition thereto
30 per cent. ; starch made of potatoes or coin, lc per lb and
20 per cent. ; starch made of rice cc my other material, 3e
per lb end 20 per cent.
If any of our readers not familiar with finances has
glanced over the above statistics, and still fails to see
why some of the articles of most universal consumption
command the prices that they do, we will endeavour to make
the matter mere clear by taking
an example. Take the ar-
ticle of spool cotton, which every lady in the land uses to
greater or less extent. Each consumer has been surprised to
find the spools which formerly cost four cents now com-
manding from 15 to 20. The value of a dozen spools in
England is, we believe, about 2s or say 48 cents of our gold
currency. Now if gold is valued at 255 in comparison with
paper money we Bud that if paid for in our money a dozen
would cost in England over 1 del. 22c. The duty on te is
dozen, when brought into the United States, is about 27
cents more in gold, or about 69 cents in currency, making
the cost to the importer in the United States, exclusive of
charges, freight, commission, SA. about 1 dol. 91c. or about
16 cents per spool.
The new tariff law provides that all goods which may be
in the public stores or bonded warehouses on the day the
act weLt into effect shall be subject to no other duty upon
the entry thereof for consumption than if the some were
imported respectively after that day. It also defines what is
meant by the " value" of goods. It is to bo the actual value
of such goods on shipboard at the last place of shipment to
the United States, and is to be secertained by adding to the
value of such goods at the place of growth, production, or
manufacture, the coat of transportation, shipment, and
trans-shipment, with all the expenses included, from the
place of growth, production, or manufacture, whether by
land or water, to the vessel in which shipment is made to the
United States, the value of the sack, box, or covering of any
kind in which such goods are contained, commission at the
usual rate, in no case less than 2} per cent., brokerage, and
all export duties, together with all costs and charges paid
or incurred for placing said goods on siV.pboard, and all
other proper charges specified by law. An important pro-
vision in regard to goods which pay a specific duty is the
following ;—" That on and after January 1, 1865, the in-
voices of all goods, wares, and merchandise imported into the
m manufactures
u rise:rue:
sys
is
United States shall be made out in the weights or measures
of the country or place from which the importations shall
be made, and shall contain a true statement of the actual
weights or measures of such goods, wares, and merchandise,
developed.
without any respect to the weights or meeeuree of the
United States.
made so
Under the operation of such a law as the present tariff,
high to the consumer by the rate of duty
manufacturesig n goods cannot
n butd
imposed, and by
the necessity of paying in gold, while
all other goods are
bought and sold with paper money as the basis of trade, that
manufacturers are doubly
American incited to increase their
• um Though the t •
facilities and business. AmericanThprice of allfore
the axes imposed on home
manufactures are heavy, '3' ere not nearly so great as
rePen goods,
those imposed on fo u

,dofabtehoneoidier
of
the
waggon
ggon
A DESERTEll'Ttrilieedluilitary tribunal
gßreerrhaiollaii)sule'llodnfoaueghhatraggeainst the French troops.
a Spahi named
of laming deserted in
last a detachment commanded by Lieut. Marsot,
0 f TORrlaAnl, (0: 'l
of 15 men of the Ist battalion of Ai'fican light
last week
a civil engineer with his
consisting
presencefAhnaptnirriy
train, the prisoner
Artesirn well at Men-
el-Getouta, 40 leagues from Tiaret. On the 9th April
alarming reports of the revolt. of the Arabs having been
brought to the camp of the little detachment, Lieut. Marsot
assistant,llloh amc I
wweirtehofeocuurrnatives,ioccupied
in b 0 andrin a u
began to fear an attack, and, as a convoy of provisions which
was expect:A on the following day did not make its ap-
pearance, he determined to fall back on Tiaret, seeing that
nightt here therefore
towardsraised
T
irmo-iaret. In the morning
his rations were exhausted, and his men had but little
m
th'a nud u i
marchedtioe
lieutenant found that the four Arabs under the primer's
orders had deserted, and at 5 o'clock he saw 200 Arabs
drawn up to oppose
his pass!ge. Thean left.
all He
e
prisoner Mahomed
immediately galloped off to pin them, threw off his French
uniform cloak, and led the rebels to attack the detachment
he had just deserted. Lieut. Margot formed his handful of
men into a square and repelled the aggressors, He then
resumed his march, but was harrassed for seven hours by
the !Arabs, who at last retired. It appears that the
prisoner, finding his treachery frustrated by the
bravery of the detachment, rode on to Tiaret, and informed
the military authorities of Lieutenant Marsot's danger. A
strong detachment was instantly sent to his aid, and met
him at some distance from Tiaret. The prisoner was then
placed under arrest and ordered for trial. In court the
prisoner pretended that he had left the detachment to obtain
succour from Tiaret, and had not joined the rebels, but the
soldiers of the detachment preyed that he was the foremost
among their assailants, and that they saw hiria fire at them
repeatedly. The Tribunal unanimously declared the priso-
ner guilty, and sentenced him to be shot, after previously
undergoing military degradation, The execution is to take
place at Mascara,