The Sun.
London, England, 1864-10-03 00:00:00

COLBURN'S NEW MON TllLY.—Francis Jacox,
who has become a regular contributor to this maga.
zine, gives us the first part. of " A Vocal Exercise,"
which signifies an examination into the significance
of novices, and of the sentiments expressed there-
abouts by ancient and modern sages. An article
on the "Life and Writings of Alexander Weill," is some.
what alarming, both from its length and from the nature
of its subject. "Constitutional Prussia" is another weighty
essay, but Prussia is just now so much the centre of obser-
vation:that it is likely to find more readers, while a little
honest denunciation of her conduct is not unwelcome to
the majority, "The America of an American" is the title
of a paper founded on Dr Nichol's Forty Years of Ameri-
can Life, and it takes an interesting survey of his volumes.
Alexander Andrews contributes a paper on " Cotton Pos-
sibilities," which ranges over various localities, ending
with the Polynesian Islands. Archbishop Whately's
brilliant career forms the subject of another essay, and the
second part of the article on " Andrew Hofer" brings the
record of that great man to a close. Mrs Bushby's story is
continued, as are also " The Quest" and the wild and
romantic tale of " Strathmore."

CORNHILL.—" Wives and Daughters," is con-
t. nued at some length, and the story becomes
more interesting in this portion. A sad fate seems
preparing for poor little Molly, in the approaching
marriage of her father with Clare. This individual
has been very aptly sketched to us before, and with her
cunning, her selfishness, and her want of truth, she bids
fair to be anything but an attractive addition to a house-
hold. The details of the visit of Molly to the Squire's are
very naturally told, and the insight into domestic affairs in
that locality is entertaining. " Middle Class Education in
England" is a most instructive paper, and affords some use-
ful information touching an important subject, which just
now is prominently put forward in various forms of dis-
cussion. Ihe remarks at the ()lose concerning the duty
that devolves upon the community to exert themselves, are
very true. It is said that, in this country, it is not deemed
suitable for the Government to undertake the management
of such things, but that it will not do for the people to be-
come supine, "We must keep before us the sound English
faith that the English nation will deteriorate in its best
qualities in proportion as it learns to depend on the State,
for whatever can be really and truly as well done otherwise,
but not less anxiously must we remember that in the pre-
sent all-important case, an only way of repudiating that
dependence and deterioration is by achieving a capital
middle class education by our own heads and hands."
"Flower Farming" is a sketch that contains the charming
novelty, at all events in its appearance, and it will be found
most entertaining in its animated descriptions. One half
of the world does not know how the other lives is well
known, and also it may be said that few are aware of the
plans and principles upon which many work. Even upon
the businesss of life it is astonishing to reflect how
much labour is expended, and those who think there
is a royal road to perfumery, and such like proceedings,
will find out their mistake. It is refreshing to contemplate
the picture here given of the flowers in their luxuriance and
loveliness, not for ornament, but as it is called, a "staple''
do they grow. "We are driven first in a four-acre field of
roses. Oh, Cockneys 1 oh, my brothers, imagine what a
sight, not half-a-dozen rushes straggling round a mangy
grassplot ; not a row of bushes hedging in a gravel path;
but millions of beds and blossoms burning over four acres."
Sach an account may well arrest attention, and the mode
in which the "pomade" is made is interesting to notice,
We have certainly made some progress in our denomina-
tions of toilet appliances since last autumn, when we find
from the entries of fashionable ladies that they mentioned
the items of their expenditure in this department as
" Orange butter, 65." " Lillie," who was so much pat-
ronised by the wits of his day, mentions in his receipt bock
that " the best orange flower 'butter' and jasmine butter'
came from Florence." "Madame de Montferrato" is a
quaint sketch that brings a reminiscence of past days before
us. It is told in a natural manner, and has a dash of origi-
nality about it that attracts and interests. Doubtless, it
those who passed together some of the bright hours of their
sunny youth were to part until time had done his sure but
stealthy work upon their faces and forms, they would be as
much startled as the little old Italian lady here described.
A Visit to a Convent Lunatic Asylum" will attract the
notice of many readers, and its details are certainly well
told. It is, indeed, a curious thing for study, the pheno•
mena of the most distressing ailment to which flesh is heir,
and apart from morbid curiosity it seems wise to be in-
formed of some of its peculiarities. " A Tuscan Village—
Tuscan Sanctuary" presents us with lively and picturesque
glimpses of charming environs. Ono is tempted to follow
the steps of the traveller, who exclaims, "but who can de-
scribe the woods of Valombrosa, its aromatic breezes, its
crystal waters, the firs which crown its heights, the roses
which scent its air." "The Story of Margaret Denzil"
still continues its mysterious legends, but will soon con-
clude.

MACMILLAN.—A lengthened article on Tubingen
and its University opens a number in which there
are several interesting papers. The Editor con•
tinues his recollections of " Dead Men," and the
subject at present under discussion is of no less
eminence than Dr Chalmers—his studies, opi
nions, and
g
schemes. A discursive paper, bearing the qoupaiinnittsi;le of
" Bodies and Souls," gives a pleasantpi:'icethurie of the vene-
rables i audlhealth-giving city of Bath w
different aspect from that atmosphere of fashion
ahn'bd'tfiivn a
a.
lity in which we are sometimes wont to regard it. D,
Phipson contributes a learned essay on the Movements of
Plants, and the Rev Francis Trench gives us a pleasantly
written article descriptive of Chalons and its camp. Mr
Ludlow draws some striking social and moral lessons from
a careful examination of Mr Tennyson's "Northern
Farmer," who has seemingly brought the uncooth dialect
of the provinces into fashien, for we find on another page
two quaintly-worded Dorsetshire poems byWilliam Barnes.
The two stories of "The Hillyards and the Buttons" and
" The Son of the Soil" are continued with unabated inte-
rest in their very different styles. The one is all action,
the other nearly all reflection, so that they may suit very
opposite tastes.
LONDON SOCIETY is gay and amusing as ever,
still following the sober conviction that lovemaking
and croquet are the two most serious phases of
existence. Its illustrations are, as usual, profuse
and clever, and we are glad to find that feminine
pencils still keep their place among the illustrators. For
the literary contents we have a story which (happy excep-
tion to the general rule I) is complete in the number, and
in which a fortune-hunter fares much better than he de-
serves; a sketch of Canadian sporting life, a graphic,
portrait with pen and pencil of Saturday night in Leather-
lane, the experience of a week's holiday in the Low Coun-
tries, the result of a visit to a madhouse, and sundry
other lively sketches. Besides we have the narrative of a
shy man's difficulties, and shy men are proverbially butts
for less sensitive or more adacious mortals, only if mauvaise
haute is ever to be excused it must certain be when its
victim is among the very Gothic company in which Mr
Blusherly's ill fortune placed him. The st...ry of " The
Ordeal for Wives" is continued at some length, and the
complications of the plot widen. It is a clever but unsatis-
factory story, and the sober-minded reader begins to lose
patience with these fair damsels who seem to have no
thought beyond their own love affairs, which, truth to tell,
they do not al way carry on in the best manner.
THE ST. JAMES'S MAGAZINE.—The indefatigable
Miss Braddon proceeds with her new novel " Only
a Clod," and iu this instalment we get further indi.
cations that the love affairs of Francis Trcdethlyn
and his quondam master will eventually become
entangled ; and we also gain some knowledge of
poor Susan's proceedings after her hasty flight from home.
" An Unfortunate queen" is the name of a paper devoted,
as might be supposed, to Sir Lascelles Wraxall's Life of
Caroline Matilda. " A Fair Conqueror," by W. Russell,
records the happier experience of a more fortunate lady—
Madame Recamier. The career of this lady was an un-
chequered and continual success, She was feted and
adored by all ranks and all parties, and the fame of her
salons is still extant, though not only the eoeiety, but the
whole political organisation of her country has been changed.
" Allotments versus Pauper!sm" is a very useful and in-
tetesting pai.er, showing the beneficial effects of distribut-
ing small portions of land among a group of villagers,
whoseallotments of not more than a quarter of an acre each
were sufficient to improve their condition considerably and
to keep the wolf from the door dining the dreaded winter.
" The Trials of Thomas Atkins" records a semi-comic, semi-
tragic military experience. Dr Scaffeur gives an exposition
of the general principles of telegraphy—a science which a
great many of us talk fluently about, but which very few
really understand.
GOOD WORDS.—Good Words loses none of its

- - _
" Words and Places." In it he gives some curious
instances of the origin and derivation of names,
justly observing that the fundamental truth to be adhered
to in all such researches is that there is no such thing as a
name consisting of mere arbitrary sounds. His critic, in
commenting on this passage, remarks that " names of per-
sons and names of places were once alike significant, or
in-
tended to be se—hence the great value of them as memorials
of language and of historical facts. They often, too, pre-
serve old forms of speech ; though passing frequently from
hand to hand as symbols without a special sense, they are
apt to be worn and altered by constant friction." The
writer remarks on the poverty of invention shown in the
nomenclature of a new country, as evidenced in America,
where the confusion produced is great by not only naming
places after spots in the Old World, but by the frequent
repetition of the same name in the States themselves.
Twenty-five Troys, twenty-two Dovers, thirteen Homes,
and the same number of Rochescers, one hundred and
thirty-eight Washingtons, and one hundred and thirty
Jacksons must be rather perplexing to the moat accomplished
topographers. Perhaps the great civil war will supply
them with a crop of heroes to substitute for the exhausted
stock of old ones. Even the names of stuffs have usually
some foundation which it is interesting to the philologist to
trace. Calico and damask are easily referred to Calicut
and Damascus, while chintz owes its origin to the Hindus-
tan word for colour, and cambrip, diaper, and gauze are
traceable respectively to Cambray, d'Ypres, and Gaza. A
memoir of Ludwig Uhland records the life of an honest and
high-minded man. The article is enriched with numerous
quotations from his writings, many of which, however, are,
thanks to the translators, not unfamiliar to English readers.
The career of the celebrated preacher of Notre Dame is
the subject of another biographical paper, which bears tes-
timony to the eloquence, the fervour, the sincerity of the
gitted Frenchman. A carefully mritten essay on our
public schools examines very fully the report of the Com-
missioners, and enters into the subject of the requirements
of schools and scholars in a manner that shows good sense
and familiar knowledge of the subject. Among the other
papers are articles on " Christian Art" and on " The Cir-
cassian Exodus."

THE BRITISH ARMY AND NAVY REVIEW.—This
is an interesting number of a. well written maga-
zine. It opens with the first number of a series of
papers on Celebrated Trials connected with the
army and navy, in which is given an excellent
account of Captain Kidd, a famous pirate in the West In•
dies some century and a half ago. "Military Ballads," an
inspiriting theme, form the subject of the next paper, which
is well worth reading. The survey of Lee's second cam-
paign in defence of Richmond does honour to the military
discernment of the soldier and to the ability of his historian,
In contrast to the record of Lee's achievements we have
further on a memoir of Gen. Ulysses Grant, which gives a
brief account of his chequered and eventful career. It is
unfortunate that, like most of the American generals, he is
given to excess in drink, but his promotion has nevertheless
been rapid. Among the remaining papers are articles on
" Our Married Suldier6," and " The New French Cruisers."

THE ECLECTIC.—A lengthened criticism on the
new work of Tennyson and Browning will attract
most readers. It is a careful criticism, enriched by copious
extracts from both authors. The labour difficulty in the
tropie ie fi quoativn of 'anal 7110101 ant, fully coasi,lered.
Among he other papers of general Ip.torest are articles on
Australian explorations, and Max Muller's " Msuntain of
Languages."

THE SIXPENNY MAGAZINE.—The singular story
of " Singed Moths" is brought to a clnclusion,
which is tolerably satisfactory, seeing that most of the
m dhs provide themselves with newer and better wings.
The other stories, among which Barry O'Byrue occupies
a prominent place, aro continued as usual. We have also
an episode of the days of Cromwell, the description of a
Russian Fete, en account of gigantic races, and other
miscellaneous articles. The Editor certainly rakes a libe-
ral provision for his readers.

THE ENGLISHWOMAN'S DOMESTIC MAGAZINE.—
This is a very attractive little serial, with elegantly
coloured illustrations of fashion and needlework.
The remarkable story of " Mildred's Wedding," which un-
doubtedly belongs to the sensational school, is continued,
and " A History of Perfumery and the Toilet" will attract
its fair readers. Those who ridicule the costumes of the
present day should look at the picture of what extrava-
gances Fashion can go to as shown in the headdresses of the

last century.
THE BOYS' OWN MAGAZINE, THE BOYS'
MONTHLY MAGAZINE. Beeton.—EVEßY BOY'S
MAGAZINE. Routledge.—Between these three
serials, devoted expressly to their entertainment,

the boys of our day have no reason to complain. They are
all of fair average merit, and well calculated to amuse their
readers at the same time that they extend their knowledge
in various directions.

THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. By Lord Macaulay.
People's Edition. Part XII. Longman.—There
is nothing to be said of this except that it is the
continuation of the popular issae of this world-famous
work, and that it is printed with the care and excellence
that usually distinguish the publications of Messrs. Long-
man.

THE WORKING MEN'S CLUB AND INSTITUTE
MAGAZINE. No. 1. Jarrold and Sons, Paternos-

,er-row.—The need of an official organ for these

increasing societies has, it seems, been long felt, and the
magazine before us attempts to supply the deficiency. It
contains a good deal of interesting matter relating to such
institutions, and gives all the intelligence of the month con-

cerning them.
THE LONDON CITY MISSION MAGAZINE.—The
present number is exclusively occupied with the
narrative of the missionary who attends our police courts in
the hope of doing some good. There are many painful
stories to be learned there, and the account of the cases
which he watched may suggest something to the social re-
former.

CASSELL'S PUBLICATIONS.—The Illustrated Goldsmith,
History of England, Bunyan, Popular Education, and
Natural History, this month are quite up to their prede•
cessors, both in variety and beauty of illust ration.

ENQUIRE WITHIN is a very useful little serial, and one
abounding with information.

THE LIFEBOAT MAGAZINE, published by the National
Lifeboat Institution, this month presents its readers with a
Wreck Chart of the British Isles, some very excellent
literary articles, contributed by Admiral Fitzroy and other
well known writers.

THE BRITISH FORCE IN INDIA.—We mentioned
in a recent issue that Sir John Lawrence has deter-
mined to repeal the income tax. Wo hear that his Excel-
lency meditates large army reductions. He is of opinion,
andjustly, too, that India does not require a large standing
army of 80,000 Europeans. No one knows better than Sir
J. Lawrence what number of troops is necessary to preserve
the peace of the Queen's Indian empire. The Commander-
in-Chief and Sir R. Napier have we understand, vigor-
ously opposed the proposal for military retrenchments.
They point to Nopaul, Hyderabad, the Hojpootana States,
and Affghanistan as the sLurces of future danger to India.
But Sir John, we learn, in three able minutes, has hurried
into pieces the specious arguments of the military members.
He has demonstrated that their fears are quite chimerical,
and that the arrangements proposA by him under the
guidance of a military chief who keeps his eyes open and
knows his duty will render India perfectly safe. Sir C.
Trevelyan :and other members of Council have zealously
supported the Governor-General. All the minutes and
papers on the subject have been transmitted to the Secre-
tary of State, who we have no doubt will fully appreciate
the force of Sic John's reasoning.—/Eindoo _Patriot of
Aug. 22.
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Alt persons billeted with bad legs, sores, ulcers, and skin
diseases, who from want of means, or other reasons, cannot
avail themselves of surgical treatment, may release them-
selves from their complaints by using Holloway's purifying,
soothing, and healing remedies. In every outward ailment
this wonderful Ointment brings about the most beneficial
results by checking inflammations, cleansing ulcerations,
and restoring soundness. Internal pains, rheumatic and
gouty tortures, enlarged joints, scrofulous swellings and
contracted sinews may be overcome by diligently rubbing
this cooling unguent into the skin, In all maladies of un-
usual severity or excessive duration, the Pills should be
taken internally to root out the last seeds of the disorder
and to hasten the desired cure.

Some further State papers relating to the mills
tary operations in New Zealand have just Peen
issued. Among them is a despatch from the Seccea
tary of State to the Governor, dated the 26th of
July. In this despatch Mr Cardwell writes :
" You have stated to your Ministers that you
' have not only to issue orders, on the advice of your
responsible advisers, for the suppression of the re•
hellion, the punishment of prisoners, &c., to the
colonial forces, but also to the senior naval and mi-
litary officers of the forces of Great Britain, and
that there can be no doubt that you will be held
responsible by the Home Government for any acts
of which yru may order the execution by their
forces, or for the ultimate attainment of which you
direct the employ went of their forces, if such gets
appear to the Government and people of England to
be unnecessarily severe or unjust, or even if such acts
would have a tendency to prolong, without sefficient
obj et, a civil war. Oa this subject it will be suffix
cleat for me now to remind you that in my des-
patch of the 26th of May I had stated to you plainly
' that an army of 10,000 Eoglish troops has been
placed at your disposal for objects of great Imperial
concern, and not for the attainment of any merely
local object; that your responsibility: to the Crown
is paramount, and that you will not continue the
expenditure of blood and treasure longer than is
absolutely necessary for the establishment of a just
and enduring peace;' and also that in my despatch
of the 27th of June, when I had received an intimas
tion of the unfortunate difference between yourself
and your advisers, but without the full particulars
which have reached me by the present mail, I a ain
stated th
right and duty of the Colonial Government to deal
with matters of native policy, properly so called,
I considered that, while active operations are being
carried on under the conduct of her Majesty's
officers, and in the main by her Majesty's military
and naval forces, it was for the Government per-
sonally, as representative of the Imperial Govern-
ment, to decide upon the fate of persons who were
taken prisoners in the course of these military
operations.' The question of responsible Govern•
meat in a colony where in ordinary times the civil
and internal policy is directed by the Ministers,
but where in cases of emergency the safety of the
inhabitants is secured, and peace and order are rev
stored, by the aid of the naval and military forces
of her Majesty, is not a question to be discussed in
argument at a moment like the present. Whatever
may be the precise limits of the authority vested in
the Ministers, and of the power and responsibility
of the Governor as the servant of the Crown of Eng-
land, an army like that now operating in New Zeno
land has not been sent to the colony, and will not
be maintained there, subject to any other authority
than of the Crown, and you appear to me rightly to
interpret your position in the observations which you
have addressed to your Ministers in the minute
to which I have referred. Ycur duty as repre-
sentative of your Sovereign is to take such measures
as may, in your judgment, be best calculated to put
down rebellion, to restore peace and order, and to
stop the expenditure of blood and treasure. When
you shall have accomplished these objects, and the
army, maintained at so great a sacrifice, shall have
been reduced to the moderate numbers suited for
the times of regular and peaceful administration
her Majesty's Government will not be desirous to,
withdraw from the Colonial Ministers any part of
that authority in the conduct of native affairs which
has been already vested in their hands. Of th©
policy of realising Ti.ori-cri, or some, and, if so,
how many, of the other prisoners—of the eredenee
to be attached to the statements of native messen-
gers respecting Rewi, and of the effect which the
detention of the prisoners as hostages may have had
in preventing hostile operations, or murderous out.
rages, on the part of any of their friends—it is not
possible to judge without that knowledge of the sirs
cumstances which only presence on the spot can
give—and, even if I possessed that knowledge, I
should feel that it was extremely hazardous to give
you positive instructions from home, to be carried
into elf, ct after an interval or .ate man-tits from the
time at which you had reported the circumstances
to me, and when, therefore, the most material
change 3 in those circumstances must have inevit-
ably occurred. What Ido feel it to be my duty to
Fay to you plainly is that the aid of the mother
country in men and in money is given to the colony,
on the understaadieg that the military nr. asarcs
which have unhappily become necessary shall be
directed by you, in concert with the distinguished
General in command. I shall be perfectly ready to
support you in any measures which, not breaking
positive law of the colony, and after consulting
with the General, you may have thought it uecesa
sary to 'aka on this subject. I earnestly trust, how-
ever, that that sense of consideration due to your
position to which your memorandum of the 29th of
April you appeal, will have been manifested by your
advisers, and that, more especially when they shall
have received the full and deliberate statement
of the views of her Majesty's Government con-
veyed to you in my despatch of the April 26 last,
they will cordially co-operate with you in the trea-
sures which you may feel called upon to adopt in
pursuance of your instructions. lam confirmed in
this hope by the assurances which Mr R. Wood, on
the part of his colleagues and himself, has given me,
as you will have seen in his letter to Sir F. Rogers,
and by the tone which Mr R. Wood has uniformly
maintained in his frequent communications with me
during his stay in England. I cannot for one mo-
ment believe that your Ministers will be actuated
by any other feeling than a patriotic desire to aid
you to the utmost in their power ; and I trust that,
even when their opinions may differ from your own,
a paramount sense of public duty will induce them
to forget these differences, and cordially to support
your efforts and those of Gen. Cameron to promote
the cause which, equally with yourself, they have
at heart."

The Present Commercial Crisis.

TO THE EDITOR OP THE SUN,
Sln,--You are one of the few editors who have adverted
to the pernicious effects of the present system of the cur-
rency. Every five or six years the stringent measures
adopted by the Bank of England Directors to prevent the
(faux of their gold occaeion a crisis, which involvEs in ruin
a great many merchants, traders, and speculators, and by
lowering prices and raising exorbitantly the interest of
money, inflict serious injury upon a multitude of others,
who only by making great sacrifices are enabled to weather
the etorm.

In consequence of opening our ports to foreign nations,
many of whom maintain protective tariffs, the balance of
trade has frequently been so much against England, that
if gold had not been discovered in California and Australia,
Sir R. Peel's currency bill must have been abandoned long
ago. At present, owing to the extension of our trade in the
East. and to the purchase of cotton at a high price in India
and Egypt, the balance of trade is so much against us, and
the demand for silver and gold is so great, that our present
system of currency has become a source of pauperisation.
It cannot be maintained, except by enormous sacrifices, and
it ought forthwith to be suspended ; and, as soon as Par-
liament shall meet, to be altered. What is required is a
well regulated paper currency, which, having no intrinsic
value, will not be affected by the abundance or scarcity of
gold. In order to obtain this, there must be the pressure
from without. Our manufacturers, commercial men, and
traders must not remain inert and silent, like sheep prepared
to be slaughtered. They must demand liberation from
Sir R. Peel's destructive Currency Bill. We moist hopo
that some public-spirited and enlightened member of Par-
liament will take up this important question.
Your most obedient servant,
Burley-on-the-hill, Oakham, Rutland.

Fuccir.

ST. JAMES'S HALL.—The boys from the Royal
Military Asylum, Chelsea (Duke of York's School),
by permission of Colonel Yorke, C. 8., were kindly invited
uy Piofessor Anderson to his Saturday morning juvenile
entertainment. They were 400 in number, with their at-
tendants, and the band, under the direction of Mr. John
Wilson, bandmaster ; and the juvenile soldiers appeared
highly delighted on the occasion, being the wizard's fourth
morning performance. The hell was densely crowded in
every part. The female Danish vocalists, and the Danish
Military Guards' Band (now engaged for Jullien's concerts
at her Majesty's Theatre) were among the visitors, and
seemed much pleased with the entire entertainment, while
they were objects of considerable interest. The Danish
National Anthem was performed by the bald, and the
complimentary remarks made by the professor as to tho
nationality of the Danes gave gene al satisfaction, and were
received with enthusiasm by a crowded and fashioxiabki
audience.