The Sun.
London, England, 1852-05-10 00:00:00

MONDAY EVENING, MAY 10, 1852.

GERMANY.

We have received correspondence from Berlin of
the 7th instant, which conveys the important in-
telligence that the Lower Chamber had rejected the
Government proposition on the organization of the
Upper House. The Lhower Chamber having re-
jected on the 26th ult. the Peerage Bill adopted by
the First Chamber, a Royal message sent on the
28th a new Bill, attributing to the Crown exclusively
the organization of the Peerage. This new bill had
been adopted by 8 votes to 5 by the Committee of
the First Chamber charged to exemine it, but
was, on the contrary, rejected by the Committee
of the Second Chamber, who had substituted for it,
by 12 votes to 9, an amendment proposed by M.
DR BODELSCHWING, nearly the same as the bill re-
jected on the 26th. The telegraph now informs us
that the Second Chamber has rejected alike the new
bill of the Government and the propositions of the
Committee and all the amendments presented. It has
thus swept everything away, leaving alone in force
the articles of the Constitution which regulate the
formation of the First Chamber according to the elec-
tive principle."
It is now certain that the German fleet has ceased
to exist; the crews, consisting of about GOO men,
were all paid off on the 30th ult. At present there
only remain on board each vessel an officer and eight
men, whilst waiting for the sale of the vessels, which
is shortly to take place.
On the 3d inst., while the Duke of NASSAU was
riding in the park of the Chateau, his horse reared,
by which he was thrown off and broke his arm.
The proposed additional tax or excise duty on the
manufacture of beetroot sugar has been thrown out
by the Second Chamber by 134 votes against 115.
The present tax is fixed for a period that does not
expire till thelst of September, 1853, and the Com-
mittee, in its report, declared itself against disturbing
the arrangement; but added, if the Chamber decided
on raising the duty to 4f silber groschen per centutn
(of the raw material) the manufacturer was able to
bear the increase without injury ; the present rate is
3 gros.cten per centum. The Government is pressed
on this question by a difficulty of its own creation.
The advantage it has given to the beetroot sugar pro-
ducers by the high duty on colonial sugar has caused
a loss to the Zollverein revenue of four millions of
thalers, the greater part of it has fallen to the home
manufactures; the State has lost, but the
consumers have not gained it. The Excise
duty on native sugar is also divided among
the states of the Zollverein like an import
duty, and it is to recover some of this vanished revenue
that the additional duty is proposed. But there is a
natural reluctance to break an agreement made for a
term of years, though its terms are evidently disad-
vantageous to the Government. The manufacturers
have made their calculations, increased their works,
and laid out additional capital, on the faith of the last
settlement, and the Government should have waited
till the next period of adjustment to make better
terms. Many who are quite ready to vote for a higher
excise on this article on the termination of the present
understanding, refused to disturb the existing settle-
ment. The Government has looked only at the finan-
cial loss, and asserts a right to make that loss good ;
the Chamber maintains that there is a morality as well
as a strict right in such questions, and that the con-
tinual disturbance of formal compacts is not only in-
jurious to all commerce, but public confidence in the
Government itself. This is undoubtedly the fact, and
the vote of the Chamber is not so much a defence of the
favoured manufacture, as II declaration that an en-
gagement once made ought to be adhered to.
The RING and QUEEN bad left Berlin on the 6th
to meet the Emperor and Empress of RUSSIA at the
Prussian frontier. The EMPRESS proceeds to Berlin,
while the EMPEROR continues his course to Vienna,
thence to Prague, to visit the ex-Emperor of AUSTRIA,
and afterwards come for a few days to Berlin. Ex-
traordinary preparations were made on the road from
St. Petersburgh to Warsaw, for the journey of the
EMPRESS and her numerous suite. When the Est-
reaoa travels alone he generally does se in a more
simple manner. A gentleman who came a little in
advance of the Imperial train describes the spectacle
along the whole line as extraordinary. The road, for
400 English miles, was repaired and swept by hand,
every stone being removed, and at every post station
176 horses were kept ready harnessed, that not
,an instant. might be lost. In Berlin the
expected arrival of the EMPEROR is announced
by the increased severity of the police inspection
of travellers at the railway stations. For
two days past no person had been allowed to get out
of the carriages till after his papers had been rigidly
examined ; all perrons coming from Poland have
been detained, without exception, for special exami-
nation. The police agents have, it is supposed, dis-
covered a conspiracy, as usual ; on such occasions
their inventive powers always feel a stimulus. If the
strictness of the regulations is continued, the tra-
velling public will wish his Imperial MAJESTT'S stay
to be as short as possible.

The sth being set apart in each year by the
Evangelical Church as a day of general " prayer and
repentance " (Buss-tag), all public business was sus-
pended, the Exchange end theatres were closed, and
of course the Chambers held no sitting; The shops
were all shut up, and there was nothing stirring but
the cold east wind and clouds of dust. The city looked
intensely gloomy. Just at this juncture a letter has
been addressed to most of the professors of the Uni-
versity by some person who dates from " Montgomery
county," Ohio, in the " States," warning them col-
lectively of the perilous condition of their souls in
consequence of their total want of " true religion."
The theological faculty is very indignant, especially
as their monitor has, in his zeal, forgotten to pay the
postage of his exhortations. lie tells them that the
real doctrines of Christianity are lightly esteemed in
Germany, because they are in contradiction to the
Rationalism fostered by the philosophical systems of
KANT, FICHTE, SCHRLLING, and HEGEL. In one
passage be says that of the whole sixty-six ordinary
and extraordinary professors of the University of
Berlin but a
small fraction have studied the mere ru-
dirnents of the Christian faith ; and that, though he
respects the learning they possess, such
as it is,
"'yet
he would not be
in any of their places for a thousand
vrorlds." Whether the professors of the other
German universities have been favoured with similar
admonitions is not stated, but it is not unlikely.
It is rumoured that the reigning Duke of BRUNS-
WICK is on the point of marriage---a fact not without
importance in the politics of North Germany. The
present Duke has no issue, and the reversion of the
clued crown belongs to Hanover, the Duke CHARLES
having been not only ousted from his estates in 1830,
but declared by the Germanic Diet incapable of
reigning. The aggrandisement of a
large Protestant prospective
state in North Germany is regarded
by Austria with disfavour, and any tendency to pre-
serve the duchy of Bruussvick in its present separate
state, is certain to find encouragement from the Court
of Vienna.

Martial-
law was re-proclaimed in Presburg on the
25th ult. Incendiary fires are of weekly occurrence
in the city and environs.

ITALY.
A melancholy accident occurred near RGnco, in
Piedmont, on the lst, at a spot where a new bridge,
intended for the railway, is constructing over the
Scrivia. A provisional bridge being constructed for
the use of the workmen, about twenty of them were
standing upon it in two rows, executing the usual
manceuvres of handing bricks to one another, when a
cart, Ltden with 300 bricks, drove upon the provisional
bridge, which suddenly
besides the carter, NW gave way, and fourteen men,
tre Precipitated into the stream
below. Prompt assistance was at hand ; but never-
theless the carter
was found dead, and the other men,
though all saved, were more or less injured ; of
these, two died on the following day ; five of them
are at the hospital of Isola del Cantone with fractured
limbs.
The Communal Council of Turin has granted to
Sergeant Sweat, who saved the great powder maga-
zine from explosion on the 26:h ult., the right of
citizenship.
is to bear his Moreover, one of the streets of the city
mine, and a stone slab is to be placed
in some publics quare, hereafter to bo determined, on
which shall be Inscribed his name, and those of the
citizens who distinguished themselves on the occasion.
SACCHI is els° to receive an annual pension from the
city of 1,200 f.

M3i Or. General James Fergus", to the command of C. 8., is appointed
Lieutenant-General Ellie
the troops in Malta, in succession to
THE RA7c e.
litr D---- AND CHAPTER OP ROCHESTER AND
.711 t. ~lIISTox.-...We
!er hearing of are authorised to state that the far-
ing, is postponed till this case, originally fixed for this morn-
the Hall of Doctors'l Wednesday next, at eleven o'clock, in
Commons.
PRESENT OF ARABIAN HOUSES TO H
Gazell ER MA-
JESTY.—The ship t abar on the coast of
Morocco, arrived e, from Zanz
on Saturday in the London Docks, having
on board two splendid Arabian horses, a grey ani a bay, as
a
present to her Majesty from the Emperor of Morocco.
The royal grooms were in
attendance at the docks, and su-
perintended the removal of the Arabs to the royal mews.
BETTING LISTS.— .Tile subject of betting lists i 3 to
be brought before the House of Commons this evening
(Monday).
RETURN OF MR. BUTT.-1-IA.RWICEI, SATURDAY.—
Mr. Isaac Butt,
withouQueen's Counsel, was this day returned,
opposition as Member for Harwich, in the
room of any
of Sir F. Kelly, who lately- vacated his seat for the
borough.

1 SLIGO COEN T y.--Tho Dublin Weekly Telegraph
states that Mr. Bell, the present Member for St. Albans,-is
likely to offer himself for this county, in conjunction with Mr.
Sheriff Swift, of London.
DEPAUTURE OF THE AFRICA.—On Saturday,
shortly before one o'clock, the Royal Mail steam-ship Africa,
Captain Harrison, left the Mersey, for New York direct, with
a full cargo, about 60 passenger:, and the usual mails for the
United States and the British provinces.
PRINCESS'S THEATRE.—The fairy tale of IVittihind
is now compressed into one act, and is to be
nightly pre-
ceded by Mr. Wigan's capital farce, A Lucky Friday, in
which that mallet:it actor iS seen to the utmost advautige,