The Sun.
London, England, 1852-06-16 00:00:00

&STIXY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.

"Under the Patronage of her Majesty and his Royal Highness
Prince Albert.
Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Batty.
The most successful and popular Theatre in London.
THIS EVENING,

Will be presented the gorgeous Equestrian Spectacle of ST.
GEORGE and the DRAGON. St. George, Mr. Alfred Cooke.
To be followed by Batty's Inimitable Scenes of the Arena, intro-
ducing the most numerous equestrian company in Europe.
To conclude with a Laughable Farce.
Tickets to be had at the Box-office from Eleven till Four
Stage Manager, Mr. Leolent!.

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.
Open for the Season,
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday.
Exhibition of Danson's Colossal Daylight View of MOUNT
ETNA and the CAVES of VULCAN and the CYCLOPS—Splendid
and interesting Menagerie—Promenade Concert by Godfrey's un-
rivalled Military Band—Various Amusing Novelties—Concluding at
Dusk with a Grand Pyrotechnic Exhibition by Messrs. Southby,
representing the Interior of the Mountain (the Pandemonium of the
Ancients), with the Caverns and Forges of Vulcan and his Cyclops,
the whole terminating with the Eruption of Mount Etna and a
Grand Tableau on the Lake of Thetis, and the Nerelads receiving the
Armour of Achilles.

Doors open from Nine A.M. Feeding the Animals at Five. Con•
cart at Half-past Six. Fireworks about Half-past Nine.

ADMISSION, ONE SHILLING.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tars DAY —Morning 55 min. after 12 f Evening 15 min after 1
To-Moaatow—Morning 36 rein. after 1 Evening 54 min after 1

THE WEAT.H.Fa—Sux OFFICE, JUNE 16.
• TEIMEMONSETSS, ni TEES SHADE.
63--higher since neon yesterday.
48 —lowe9;.' this morning and during the night.
62 =this day, at mon.

BA.B.,oxxram, 2945.
Wnur) S. W.—squally, with plenty of scud, and occasional
rain and sunshine.

At the
a the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean height
Irronaeter in the week was f. 9•175 in. The mean
temperaure
averag
of the -week was 51.9', which. is below the
same week in n years. The mean daily
e of U
temperature was 59-6. on Monday, atter which it fell till it
was only 49'3. on Saturday, or 10Q below the average. The
wind blew from the south-east on the first two days, and
generally from the sonth-west afterwards. The amount of
rain which fell in the week was 2'63 in. More than half of
the whole amount fell on Wednesday.
the

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LONDON WEDNESDAY' '1131% la, 1852.
_ .

--v.•-----

Wonderful reNte, Mansard v 01:,
all human
likelihood, 7-cord !'le N sH7 of 8 bIIV
"I the a.
of 18i2.; author. • th.J Govt rnmrht to blve
u.

yolk i, vvith a convc tneut r:tigut no his ibttu
80,000 militia. Agaiust nie,"ur' people of

fPt4ings of rePe • -
Enghwl entertnin
mance. They regard it as el!`ngolu- yDRIGEquaLe for
ex •
of. which they are
an emergency, about the
unanimous. They consider its CY',,r,tnal operation
therefore, rs almost certain to .be productive of ex•
traurdinary inconvenience to the PDPuI.3'Lion. They
view it,- moreover, as consequently extravagant
in the scheme of its expenditunn frinat the
country -requires an incruase and re-organization
of its defensive force, eNr_ltyb;dy is egreinl.
The
necessity, indeed, is so generAy and so clearly recog'
nisei' that all are united in demanding that two cba-
racteristica of the increase should be FScured• forth-
with—namely, filet that inore,se of defensive power
for England should be spFedy•and effectual. Now,
on the very face of the measure still under the consi-
deration of Parliathent neither of these characteristics
is anywhere discoverable. Even the . most strenuous
among the support?rs of the Bill have every-
one of them confessed that the advnetages it will yield
cannot by any possibility ha immediate. The militia.
Will manifestly require time--.?nd no inconsiderable
lapse of time either—l.:lore i can be brought into
a reasonable Rtate-of discipline. Some think that the
raw recruits of the militia rosy be drilled into this
state of discipline in six innnthen More believe that
double the nurnher thf !IS wll be found alone
adequate to biing the men. into ordiury condition as
soldiers.
Last 'evening the Duke of WELLINGTON
claimed a wider calcalliba, declaring that "eighteenmonths" _would, be the- interval- riecossery to be
passed with industrious drimeg,
order to
bring the troops to the de6ired discipline Yet
the principal plea put
forward in beiwf of the accept-
ance of this singular illeostue by the Legislature is—
that it is imperatively d, handed by a great and
grievous emergency. In fact, up" the strength of
forced
that emergency the Bill ha', bet-11 upon the at-

tentien of both Lords and Commons, has been hastily
debated, has bean hastily driven to the stages already
passed, and gives promise of being hastily
impelled
through the remaining ordeals, until it becomes,
in the midst of all its crudity and unpopu-
larity, transformed into a very unripened and
otherwise, we might even call it, a very green
enactment. Another inconsistency in reference to
the measure is that its more conspicuous advocates
have, while excusing themselves upon the reasoning
of the existence of a great danger for hurrying it
precipitately through Parliament, protested, almost
without one solitary exception, that there is no chance
whatever of a war breaking out between this country
and the rest of Christendom. They proclaim the
danger to beimminent, and yet they admit the inten-
tions of the PRINCE PRESIDENT of France to be most
pacific sad conciliatory. They say in one breath
' that there is momentary peril of an invasion of Eng-
land, and
oa that
m there is not the slightest
probability of
any encroachment upon our dominions from the most
ncrent
warlike nation of the continent. So extraordinary
and immediate is the peril of our position, according
to the supporters of the Bill, that they are solicitous
to raise an expensive force of 80,000 militia, although
six, or twelve, or even eighteen months (if we are to
accept the estimate of the illustrious Commander-in-
Chief as authoritative) must he consumed before
they can he brought into a state of disci.
pline. Instead of building up a rational
fence for the country, they are for planting young
saplings that it will require a preposterous lapse of
time and care to bring to anything like maturity.
The entire project, •in fine, according to the, argu-
ments usually employed in its favour, is one almost
certain to prove useless, because precipitately con-
jured into existence and hurried through the Legis-
lature without proper solicitude or premeditation.
Yesterday the Militia Bill was read a second time
in the House of Lords, and thereupon duly ordered
to be committed on Thursday. The discussion
called forth ?you the occasion, after the
close of the introductory speech of the PRIME
MINISTER, was rendered remarkable by eliciting the
opinion entertained by his Grace the Commander-in-
Chief in reference to the proposed enactment. The
measure has the advantage of having obtained in the
House of Commons the approval of Lord PALMERSTON,
and in the House of Peers the approbation of the
Duke of WELLINGTON. The most rational, and,
therefore, of course, the most forcible argu-
ment yet adduced in favour of the militia
was contained in the remarks which yester-
day fell from the lips of his Grace, and effected
more for the popularity of the Bill than any reason
hitherto advanced. The Duke of WELLINGTON ob-
served, in reference to the intended militia—" They
will enable us to employ in the field others who are
fit for service !" It has already been dreaded in some
quarters that this allusion from the Commander-in-
Chief was indicative of an ulterior design on the
pert of the authorities to embark upon a series of
wars with the nations of Christendom. Any such
supposition as this ive believe to be altogether ridi-
culous. The context of the speech delivered yester-
day in the House of Lords by the Commander-in-
Chief proves it to be entirely ridiculous. What the
observation above quOted had reference to was ob-
vious, from the previous vs well as from the
subsequent remarks of the Duke of WELLINGTON.
His Grace referred not so much to foreign wars, such
as wars with France, or wars with Germany, or wars
in the Peninsula, as to the wars in which we ore
already 'at this moment embarked, such wars
as the war in Kafirland, or as the war in the Burmese
territories. The Duke observed, and with some show
of justice, that in those places our soldiers had fre-
quently to combat, under a pressure of very extraor-
dinary difficulties, arising, as he maintained, from the
insufficiency of our peace establishment. Therefore,
and peculiarly therefore, he remarked of the militia
—" They will enable us to employ in the field others
who are fit for service." Still, though the argu-
ment was ingeniously applied to the approval
of the Militia Bill by his Grace the Duke of WEL-
LINGTON, it cannot be regarded as altogether so sa-
tisfactory as to be conclusive in demonstrating the
necessity of the proposed enactment. The fact re
ferred to by his Grace would demand rather a mode-
rate increase of the regular army than the raising of
80,000 militia. No—still we exclaim—instead of a
militia as a means of national defence, let England
witness the re-organization of her maritime force and
the increase of her marine artillery.

We have never been the advocates for what have
been termed " coercion Acts," except under circum-
stances of great and paramount necessity. We
clearly recognise the principle that it is not until the
powers of the ordinary law of the land have been
brought into full operation, and that they are clearly
and unequivocally proved to be inadequate to the
emergency, and incapable of affording due protection
to persons and property, that extraordinary restric-
tive measures should be resorted to. Nothing uncon-
stitutional in its character—and all coercive enact-
ments must be more or less so—should be
sanctioned, unless it be shown that it is
but a choice of evils, and that the balance
is greatly in favour of the contemplated
provisions. We also admit that the restrictive Bill
should be accompanied, if not preceded, by remedial
measures, so that, while the majesty of the law is
vindicated, every well-founded cause of complaint
that could by a possibility have led to discontent or
disturbance should be simultaneously removed. These
are, we believe, the points usually insisted on by the
opponents of such Bills, and their principal arguments
are direetcd• to establish their validity. It laid,
therefore, materially narrow the issue and shorten
the discussion if in the outset we freely and unhesi-
tatingly assent to the accuracy of these premises.
But, notwithstanding these general admissions, we
think that an overwhelming case has been made out
for the renewal of the Crime and Outrage Act (Ire-
land), 11 and 12 Vie., chap. 89, and that the Go-
vernment would have been guilty of a gross derelic-
tion of duty, if they had omitted to obtain its exten-
sion for a limited period. In the first place, it must
be borne in mind that it is not a now measure
brought forward for the first time, the effects of
which can only be anticipated, and respecting which
no arguments derived from experience can be
adduced. It is a very different thing, in.
deed, to introduce new penal enactments, creat-
ing new climes, or imposing new restrictioes,
or to continue far a farther limited period those,
which had for some time preelously been in ope-
ration. ' In demanding, ns in the present
in itance, a renewal of powers, all that the proposer
would have to establish was, that the untoward state
of affairs, which had in the first instance led to legis-
lation, bad. not completely passed ; 'and,
secondly, that tlt) provisions had been—we will not
say effsetual, the fact of a renewal being required
Would show that could not have been the case—but
`neficial, and in some degree useful for the coe-
tetnPlated objects.
ang. s_these points were established beyond the pE:k-
the o •Y of doubt'
e not only in the facts contained in
Ireland, tqt rent
Of the Attoraey-General of
i Commttee t by the evidence taken before the Select
of
the House of Commons on
crime and Outrage
end Leath. eLee' age in Armagh., Monaghan,
December, 184 a
e first Act bad been passed in
election) agraliafrequent, and the exu
(shortly after the last general
'
, when
outrages had been !unhappily but,
too teeing laws bad been shown to
be ',sufficient either to repress crime or to punish
yearbtlzebre
increased hac b' eennoleisna
bad not pawed away,
the critarinali. tbet
than 620 of such outssg",
and in 1851 t
-0 1,013, or nearly 40 per
o as the
This fearful augmentation d
that
t 9.
the
addition.
to 9esx i7g ncy
co:ncerned, but
c.,prove
more urgent, at the
amount and character of crime was
that it was even present moment
than in 1847, and, therefore,
if the otigioql
•ustiueu, there i,
enact-
ments could at all be .1
cause for their renewal or rather e far greater
ven.
'ions more
especially when we are ,on the eve of acuLatel :general elec-
tion, a proceeding by no
means cm
to calm
down or diminish excitement.
lawof
It cannot be said that the ordinary the land
is sufficient to cope with these outrages, er to render
the perpetrators amenable to justices When we
find that within the last two years there have
net a single
been no less than seventeen murders, En d

person convicted for any one of these sanguinary ants ;
nay, more, when it is shown that there is a wide-

spread and organized conspiracy, by wiiich gentle-