The Sun.
London, England, 1852-10-07 00:00:00

ITALf.

In its sitting of the 28,..h ult., the Royal Court con-
tinutd the examination o: Guerrazzi. An order of his
was produced, directing the Minister Adami to pay
60f. to le icolini. Guerrazzi stated it was the price
of a carbine which Nicolini had made a present of to
his nephew, which he (Guerrazzi) disapproving of, be
ordered the price to be paid. He added that Adami
had erroneously put that sum to the account of
the public treasury, it being a private debt,
which defendant would have Rsid had he had
time to think of it. The decree by which the
Provisional Government declared itself consti-
tuted and named its Ministers, being then read
in court, Guerrazzi called the attention of the bench
to the fact that the Provisional Government had made
every effort to maintain as much as possible of the
constitutional form of government. The clerk next
read the proclamation addressed by the Provisional
Government to the Tuscans, and collectively signed
by the three members of the Government. The
expressions were moderate, and the document
was chiefly intended to remove any uneasiness
existing among the inhabitants, as to the
possibility of acts of violence from conflicting
parties. As to the removal of the Grand Ducal
escutcheon, Guerrazzi maintained he had not ordered,
but only consented to, its removal in those places
where collisions might have arisen on account of it.
Whereupon the President of the Court asked him to
explain a letter addressed by Mordini, Minister of
Foreign Affairs, to the governor of Leghorn, direct-
ing h rn to communicate his nomination to that de-
partment to the Tuscan consular agents, and
to command them to remove the Grand
Ducal army. Guerrazzi answered that the said
letter was no act of bit, and could not be laid
to his charge. To the charge of having imposed the
oath of fidelity to the Provisional Government upon
the troops, defendant replied that he had not imposed
that oath, since every one was free to take it or leave
the service ; and that in many places the taking of the
oath was deferred, in order to prevent the troops from
disbanding. This statement was also borne out by
the next document read by the clerk—viz., a letter
from the Government delegate of Massa, under which
were written the following lines by Guerrazzi :
" My dear Prefect,—Hold out by all weans; do what-
ever you may think proper; organise riflemen, defend
the front'er, flatter, praise, and excite Dc Leugier's sen-
timent, of honour. Let him be deeply convinced that
Leopold 11. has abandoned the country to anarchy and
invasion, without a pretext or plausible motive. He has
taken as much gold with him as possible, and on the
very utmost border of the coast he is meditating civil
war, with one foot on a British vessel, and the other upon
land. We will create an army, we will find money, and
if we can do nothing we shall all be blown up (andrenso
all' Aria)."
Gnerrazai explained this letter by stating that it was
written on the 14'h of February, one of the most
tempestuous days of that period, when the republican
hordes were really strong, owing to the weakness of
the Government that had no troops on which it
could rely. So it happened that the chiefs of the
faction were constantly besieging the Ministers,
imposing measures, and dictating their will.
Here the defendant's counsel protested against that
letter bs ing produced in court, when it was not
proved tear, it had ever been dispatched to its ad-
dress. Guerrazzi, on examination, answered be did
not know whether it had been sent or not ; but
that it often happened that dispatches were written
under the pressure of the demagogues, and then never
sent off.—To the decree, directing. thet instead of
Leopold 11., the Provisional Government should be
named in publics acts or sentences, defendant stated
that that decree was caused by the magistrates having
abstained for two days from pronouncing sentences,
not knowing in whose name to pronounce them, and
added, that by so doing they indirectly admitted the
legitimacy of the Provisional Government. The
President of the Court then rose, and solemnly denied
that the Tuscan magistracy had ever acknowledged
the Provisional Government as a legitimate one.
The Court adjourned to the following day.
A letter from Naples of the 25th ult. states that on
the previous day his Majesty and the Royal Family
came to the capital from Caserta to offer up his devo-
tions at the shrine of Sr. Jenuarius. On returning in
the afternoon, the railway train which carried his
Majesty ran into another train which had started
about three-quarters of an hour before, but which had
been stopped by some impediment on the road. The
driver of the second train stopped his engine in time
to prevent the shock of the collision being very great,
and no injury was received by any of the royal party,
with the exception of a slight bruise on the head of
one of the Princes Royal. The engine-driver was
slightly wounded on the shoulder. The King on
leaving the carriage said—" It is nothing, no one is
injured. Providence has protected us.

HEALTH OF LONDON DURING 7.11 E WEEK.
(From the liovstrar-General's Report.)
In the week that ended last Saturday 1,251 deaths
were registered in the metropolitan districts. It is
necessary to state that the increase which this return
exhibits over previous weeks is not the effect of an in-
creased rate of mortality, but is produced by an ac-
cumulation of cases, principally violent and sudden
deaths, on which inquests had been previously held,
but which had not been formally registered till the
close of the quarter.
In the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1842-
51 the average number of deaths was 1,000, which,
with the addition of a tenth for increase of population,
and for the sake of comparison with last week's return,
would be 1,100.
The following are the fatal cases, as enumerated in
this week's table, under the several kinds of zymotio
disease :—Only 6 cases, 2 of which were in the
Smallpox Hospital, occurred from smallpox, 5 from
measles, 13 from hooping-cough, 8 from croup, 2
from thrush, 2 from influenza, 4 from purpura, 1
from ague, 2 trom remittent fever, 1 from rheumatic
fever, 4 from puerperal fever, 51 from typhus, 6 from
erysipelas, 2 from syphilis, 72 from diarrhea and dy.
sentery, and 2 from cholera, while 81 were caused by
scarlatina. The fatal effects of this last complaint in
particular instances are noticed both by registrars and
medical men.
The following are the two deaths from cholera
registered in the week :
In the Grove-end-road, St. John's, Marylebone,
on the 27th of September, a doctor of medicine, aged
eighty-three years, died of "diarrhea (3 days),
cholera (2 days)."
In High-street, Putney, on the 22d of September,
the widow of a captain in the army, aged 63 years,
" cholera ocoidentalis (12 days and 12 or 14 hours),
secondary fever, exhaustion (12 days)."
In Kennington, at Brown's-buildings, on the 24th
of September, the son of a labourer, aged 5 years, died
of " scarlatina, anasarca, effusion on chest and abdo.
men ;"and at the Potteries, on the 29th of September,
the son of a labourer, aged 10 years, died of " scarla-
tina (8 days), anassrca (3 days)." With reference to the
house in which the former death occurred, the medical
attendant states that " this is the fourth death from
scarlatina and its sequelre which has occurred in
it within the last month. A short time ego there
were )7 persons living in this house, which has
four or five small rooms and a stable adjoining. A
mast offensive privy and drain are close to the en-
trance; also an immense heap of purrid vegetable and
other matter has been su&rei to accumultee for
weeks. The sanitary condition of the house is shock-
ing in the extreme, and renders it quite unfit for ha-
bitation."
At 8, Newcastle-street, Farringdon-street, on the
26th of September, the daughter of a brewer's servant,
aged 9 years, died of " scarlatina (14 days)." Mr.
Forteacue says—" This is the fourth death I have
registered in the same family within eight days from
scarlatina. The disease is prevalent in my district."
In the sub-district of Hackney-road, at 1, Gibral-
tar-walk, on the 24th and 28th of September, the son
and daughter of a porter, aged respectively 9 years
end 6 pars, dial of typhus, each after a fortnight's

THE SUN,

illness. Mr. Murray makes the following observa-
tions with respect to this house :—" There have been
three deaths in the same family in three weeks, the
first-, from scarlatina, and the last two from typhus;
and two chidren are now in a precarious . state from
he latter disease. Informant states that the drainage
has been in a very defective state, causing
oppressive
smells, but has been remedied by opening a commu-
nication with an existimr, sewer during the illness of
•
these children."

In lioxtonOld-town, at 8,
Old Ivy-street, on 12th
September, a boy, aged 6 years, died from "scarla-
tina maligns." Inquest. Mr. Pearce adds :—" This
is the fourth death registered in the same family from
scarlatina maligna within a month."
In the sub-district of Camden-town, at 3, Wait's-
place, on 25th of September, the son of a house-
painter, aged 5 years, died of " tabes mesenterica
(12 days)." Mr. Holl describes this court as " dirty
and unhealthy, badly drained, and insufficiently sup-
plied with water."
In the sub-district of North St. Giles's-in-the-
Fields, at 21, Alfred-street, a medical student, aged
20 years, died on the lst of October, of " erysipelas of
the head and face." Mr. Simpson mentions that " the
deceased came to enter at a medical school in London,
and, having taken a cold, applied a leech to his nose,
which produced erysipelas that caused his death."
The wife of a baker, aged 26 years, died in Leather-
lane of "enlarged liver and spleen, disease of the left
kidney (3 years)." The medical attendant adds :
"I made a post mortem examination of the body, and
found the spleen and liver each increased to a weight
of twelve pounds and a half."
A market-gardener, aged 54 years, died of
" rheumatism (30) years, carbuncles and abscesses
(2 months), diarrhea." In the thirteen weeks of
the last quarter 15 persons died of carbuncle. Last
week an engineer is stated to have died at 32, Dean-
street, Shadwell, at the great age of 100 years and
11 months. Two deaths of children, on which in-
quests were held, and which are now registered,
though they occurred at previous dates, were caused,
one at 7, Charles-street, South St. Giles, by diar-
rhoea, from living in an unwholesome cellar, and the
other at 11, High-street, North St. Giles, by suffo-
cation, from inhaling impure air.

STATE OF THE WEATHER DURING THE PAST WEEK.

SUNDAY.—The sky was overcast throughout the day,
with the exception of a short time between 4h. and sh. P.M.,
when the sun shone. Fog was prevalent early in the morn-
ing, and again at night.
MONDAY.—Fog in the morning; the sky was overcast
throughout the day.

TuisDAL—Rain fell to the amount of 0.6 in. between the
hours of 2h. A.m. and 9h. A.M., and less steadily till 2h.
P.M., at about 3h. the sun shone for an hour, and the weather
was fine, at skb. P.Y. a thunderstorm with heavy rain, and
the sky, with the exception of a short time at 812. P.M., was
cvercast. The reading of the barometer decreased rapidly,
and to a low point.
WEvNICSDAY.—The day was generally fine; showers of
rain fell at about lh. P.M. and at 4h. P.M.

THURSDAY.-Till the evening the sky was about one-half
covered with cloud, and was overcast at night. The day
was fine.

FRIDAY.—Rain fell early in the morning, after which the
day was generally fine, at times in the morning the sky was
clear, but for the most part it was covered with cloud, and at
night was overcast ; cirrostratus.
SATURDAY. - Rain fell early in the morning, after wb ich
the day was fine till after 3h. P.M, occasional thin rain app ;ain
fell, and the sky continued overcast. 7 here was much lif ght-
fling in the S. S.E. at night.
No electricity was shown during the week.
The mean reading of a thermometer placed on the !main-
mast of the Dreadnought Hospital Ship, and read each day at
9h. A.M. was 52.6 Q ; and the mean reading at 9h. p.m c. was
50.8° ; the mean readings at the Royal Observatory for the
same times were 53.1° and 50-3° respectively.
The reading of the barometer decreased from 29.90 in. at
the beginning of the week to 29.79 in. by 9h. A.M. on the
26th ; still decreased, bat very slowly, to 2911 in- by 3h.
P.M. on the 27th ; then decreased very quickly to 2,9.63 in.
by 9h. P.M. ; after this time the decrease was rapid -, by 9h.
A. M on the 28th the reading was 29 27 in., this quick de-
crease continued till about 10h. 15m. P.M, w'tien the
mi,imum took place, viz., 28.86 in, ; after which time it in-
creased to 29.55 in. by the end of the week.

MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS.
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN
THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, OCT. 2, 1852.
Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ...*2:162
Diseases of Uncertain Seat ...
Tubercular Diseases ... 1.94
Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 1.:33
Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels .51
Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs of
Respiration ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••. 1.51
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs
of Digestion... ... ... 70
Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. •• . .•• 9
Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, &c. I 1
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles
Diseases of the Skin, &o.
Malformations... ••• ••• •• • •• •
eremature Birth • • •• • •• •• •
Atrophy ••• ••• ••• ••• •••
Old Age ••• ••• ••• ••• •••
Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intemperance
Causes not specified ...

...
... 2
...
... 3:3
... 4-1
... 4'2
... 4-6
... 137
... 7

DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES
Populatien Deaths in cone-
Enumerafed, sponding week
1851. of 1851.
!vest Districts... 376,427 .. 151 ...
North Districts.. 490,396 •• 207 ...
L'entral I ►istricts 393,256 ... 182 ...
ast Districts ... 485,522 ... 193 ...
outh Districts.. 616,635 ... 281 ...

1,25 1
Death s
in the
Week .
164-
214-
213
282
378.

rotals... 2,3132,236 ... 1,014 ... 1,25 L
Males 697
Females ... ... ... 554