The Sun.
London, England, 1864-12-29 00:00:00

ppendix to the Pope's Encyclical,

(REUTERS EXPRESS.)

The following catalogue of errors is appended to
the Encyclical, bearing date the Bth inst.:—
Catalogue of the principal errors of our time, pointed out
in the consistorial allocutions, encyclical, and other aposto•
Heal letters of Pupe Pius I X,
SEC. I—PANTHEISM, NATURALISM, AND ABSOLUTE
RATIONALISM.

1. There is no Divine Power, Supreme Being, Wisdom,
and Providence distinct from the universality of things, and
God is none other than the nature of things, and therefore
immutable. In effect, God is in man and in the world, and
all things are God and have the very substance of God.
God is therefore ono and the same thing with the wor Id
and thence mind is confounded with matter, necessity with
liberty of action, true with false, good with evil, just with
unjust. (Sae Allocution Maxima quidem,' June 9, 1862 )
2. All action of GA upon man and the world should be
denied. (See Allocution Maxima quidem,' June 9, 1862.)
3. Human reason, without any regard to G is the
sole arbiter of true and false, good and evil; it is its own
law in itself, and suffices by its natural force for the care of
the welfare of men and nations, (See Allocution Maxima
quidem,' June 9, 1862.)
4. All the truths of religion are derived from the native
strength of human reason, whence reason is the principal
rule by which man can and must arrive at the knowledge
of all truths of every kind. (See Encyclicals Qui pluribus,'
Nov, 9, 1846, and Singulari qaidem,' March 17, 1856, and
Allocution ' Maxima qaidem,' June 9, 1862.)
5. Divine revelation is iu'perfect, and therefore subject
to the continual and indefinite progress corresponding to
the progress of human reason. (See Encyc. ' Qui pluri-
bus,' Nov. 9, 1846, and All. ' Maxima quidem,' June 9,
1862.)
6. Christian faith is in opposition to human reason, and
Divine revelation is not only useless, but even injurious to
the perfection of man, (See Encyc, ' Qui pluribus,' Nov.
9, 1846; All.' Maxima quidem,' June 9, 1862.)
7. The prophecies and miracles told and narrated in the
sacred books are the fables of poets, and the mysteries of
the Christian faith the sum of philosophical investigations.
The books of the Two Testaments contain fabulous fictions,
and Jesus Christ is himself a myth. (Encyc. ' Qui pluri-
bus,' Nov. 9, 1846 ; All. ' Maxima quidem,' June 9, 1862.)
SEC. 11. MODERATE RATIONALISM.

8. As human reason is rendered equal to religion itself
theological matters must be treated as philosophical matters.
(All. Singulari quidem perfusi.')
9. All the dogmas of the Christian religion are indis-
tinctly the object of na'ural science or philosophy ; and
human reason, instrubted solely by history, is able, by
its natural strength and principles, to arrive at com-
prehension of even the most abstract dogmas, from the
moment when they have been proposed as objective.
(Letter to Archbp. Frisiny, Gravissimas,' Dec. 11, 1862.
Letter to the same, ' Tuas libenter,' Dec. 21, 1863.)
10. As the philosopher is one thing, and philosophy is
another, it is the right and duty of the former to submit
himself to the authority of which he shall have recognised
the truth; but philosophy neither can nor ought to submit
to authority. (Letter to Archbp. Frisiny, Gravissimas,'
Dec. 11, 1862. To the same, Tuas libenter, Dec, 12,
1863).
11. The Church not only ought in no way to concern
herself with philosophy, but ought further herself to tole-
rate the errors of philosophy, leaving to it the care of
their correction. (Letter to Archbp. Frisiny, Dec. 11,
1862.)
12. Ihe decrees of the Apostolic See and of the Roman
congregations fetter the free progress of science. (Id.,
ibid.)
13. The method and principles by which the old scho-
lastic doctors cultivated theology are no longer suitable to
the demands of the age and the progress of science. (Id.,
Tuas libenter,' Deo, 21, 1863.)
14. Philosophy must be studied without taking any ac-
count of supernatural revelation. (Id., ibid.)
N.B.—To the rationalistic system are due in great part
the errors of Anthony Gunher, condemned in the letter to
the Cardinal Archbishop of Cologne, Eximiam tuam,'
June 15, 1847, and in that to the Bishop of Breslau,
'Dolere haud mtdiocri," April 30, 1860.
SEC. 111. INDIFFERENTISM, TOLERATION.

15. Every man is free to embrace and profess the re-
ligicn he shall believe true, guided by the light of reason.
(Apost, Let.aces inter,' June 10, 1851; All ' Max-
ima,' June 9, 1862.)
16. Men who have embraced any religion may find and
obtain eternal salvation. (Encyo. Qui pluribus,' Nov.
9, 1846; All. ' Übi primum,' Dec. 17, 1817 ; Eacyc. ' Sin-
gulari quidem,' March 17, 1856.)
17. At least the eternal salvation may be hoped for of all
who have never been in the true Church of Christ. (All.
Singulari quadam,' Dec. 9, 1854; Encyo, ' Quanto con-
ficiamur moerore,' Aug. 17, 1863.)
18. Protestantism is nothing more than another form
of the same true religion, in which it is possible to be equally
pleasing to God as in the Catholic Church. (Enoyo•
Nescitis, et vobiscum,' Deo. 8, 1849.)
SEC. IV.—SOCIALISM, COMMUNISM, CLANDESTINE SO-
CIETIES, BIBLICAL SOCIETIES, CLBRICO•LIEBIAL SO-
CIETIES.

Pests of this description have been frequently rebuked in
the severest terms in the Encyo. ' Qui pluribus,' Nov. 9,
1846; All. ' Quibus quantisque,' August 20, 1849; Enoyo.
Nescitie et vobiacum.' Dec. 8, 1849; All. Sinzalari
dam,' Duo. 0, 1051 , c/au‘v uvuilt.Acsailar woorore,'
August 10, 1863.

S. lr.-ERRORS RZSPRCTINGF THR:CHURCR ♦ND MIR

RIGHTS.

19. The Church is not a true and perfect entirely free
association ; she does not rest upon the peculiar and perpe-
tual rights conferred upon her by her Divine founder, but
it appertains to the civil power to define what are the rights
and limits within which the Church may exercise autho-
rity. (All. ' Singulari quadam,' Dec. 9, 1854 ; Mullis
gravibus,' December 17, 1860 ; Maxima quidem, June 9,

1862.) _
20. The ecclesiastical power must not exercise its autho-
rity without the toleration and assent of the civil govern-
ment. (All. Meminit unuequisque,' Sept. 30, 1861.)
21. The Church has not the power of thfining dogmati-
cally that the religion of the Catholic Church is the only
true religion (Let. Apost. Multiplices inter,' June 10,
1851.)

22 The obligation which binds Catholic masters and
writers does not apply to matters proposed for universal
belief as articles of faith by the infallible judgment of the
Church. (Let. to Archbishop Frisiny, Tuas libenter,'
Dec. 21, 1863,)
23. The Church has not the power of availing herself of
force, or any direct or indirect temporal power. (Let.
A.post. 'Ad apostolicas,' August 22, 1851.

24. The Roman Pontiffs and ecumenical councils have
exceeded the limits of their power, have usurped the rights
of princes, and have even committed errors in defining
matters relating to dogma and morals. (Let. Apost. Mul-
tiplices inter,' June 10, 1851.)
25. In addition to the authority inherent in the episcopate,
further temporal power is granted to it by the oivil power,
either expressly or tacitly, but on that account also revoc-
able by the civil power whenever it pleases. (Let. Apost.
Ad apostolicas,' Aug. 22, 1851.)
26. The Church has not the natural and legitimate right
of acquisition and possession. (` Nunquatn,' Dec. 18, 1856 ;
Encyc. ' Incredibili,' Sept. 17, 1863,)

27, The ministers of the Church and the Roman Pon-

tiff ought to be absolutely excluded from all charge
and dominion over temporal affairs. (All, ' Maxima qui.
dem,' June 9, 1862,)

1 28. Bishops have not the right of promulgating the epos-
.tolical letters without the sanction of the Government. (All.
'Nunquam fore,' Dec. 15, 1856.)
29. Spiritual graces granted by the Roman Pontiff must
be considered null unless they have been requested by the
civil government. (Id. ibid.)
30. The immunity of the Church and of ecclesiastical
persons derives its origin from civil law. (Let. Apost.
' Multiplices inter,' June 10, 1851.)
31. Ecclesiastical jurisdiction for temporal lawsuits, whe-
ther civil or criminal, of the clergy, should be abolished,
even without the consent, and against the desire, of the
Holy See, (All. Acerbissimum; Sept. 27, 1852 ; d.,
Nunquam fore,' Dec. 15, 1856.)
32. The personal immunity exonerating the clergy from
military law may be abrogated without ♦iolation either of
natural right or of equity. This abrogation is called for by
civil progress. especially in society modelled upon principles
of liberal government. (Let. to Bishop Montisregal,
Singularis nobilisque,' Sept. 29, 1864.)
33. It does not appertain to ecclesiastical jurisdiction, by
any right proper and inherent to its essence, to direct doe-
trine in matters of theology. (Letter to Archbp. Frisiny,
Tnas libenter,' Dec. 21, 1863.)
34. The doctrine of those who compare the Sovereign
Pontiff to a free Sovereign acting in the universal Church,
is a doctrine which prevailed in the middle ages. (Letter,
Apost,, August 22, 1851.)
35. There is no obstacle to the sentence of a general
council, or the act of all the nation transferring the Pone
tifical Sovereign from the bishopric and city of Rome t°
s.,me other bishopric in another city (Id, ibid.)

36. The definition of a National Council does not admit
of subsequent discussion, and the civil power can require
that matters shall remain as they are (Id. ibid.)
37. National churches can be established without, and
separated from, the Roman Pontiff. (All. Multis gravi-
busque,' Dec. 17, 1860; Jamdudum cernamus,' March 18,
1861.)
38. Many Roman Pontiffs have lent themselves to the
division of the Church into Eastern and Western Churches

:Letter Apost., ' Ad apostolicas,' August 22, 1851.)

See. VI. ERRORS OF CIVIL SOCIETY, AS MUCH IN THEM-

SELVES ♦S CONSIDERED IN THEIR RELATIONS TO THE

39. The state of a republio, as being the origin and source
of all rights, imposes itself by its right, which is not cir-
cumscribed by any limit. (All. Maxima quidem,' June

9, 1862.)
40. The doctrine of the Catholic Church is opposed to the
laws and interests of society. (Encyc. Qui pluribus,' Nov.

9, 1846. (All, ' Quibus quantinque,' April 20, 1849.)
41, The civil government, even when exercised by a