The Sun.
London, England, 1852-09-15 00:00:00

LONDON, WEDN ES DAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 15,

from the 6th Dragoon Guards, to be
the 16th
Lieutenant, by pur-
chase, vice Lindam, who retire-, Supt.l4.
the James
ArcolVyl,ll rxr ao yv
.11171e8,501f.
OFFICE OF ORDNANCE, SEPT. 13.
Foot,Bß
in
Royal Regiment of Artillery—First Lieut. Charles
EtVo EbTe. •mesjaoprt
Neville Lovell to be Second Captain, vice Blakely, re-
tired upon half-pay; Second Lieutenant George Sisson
Harward to be First Lieutenant, vice Lovell, Aug. 18;
Brevet Major Piercy Benn to be Lieutenant Colonel,
vice Desbrisay, retired upon half. pay ; Second Captain
George Bueknall Shakespear to be Captain, vice Benn;
First Lieutenant James Francis Eaton Travers to be
Second Captain, vice Shakespear; Second Lieutenant
James Meredith Collingwood Vibart to be First Lieu-
tenant, vice Travers, Aug. 31; First Lieutenant the Hon.
Edward Thomas Gage to be Second Captain, vice Lord
William Kennedy, retired ; Second Lieutenant William
Booth to be First Lieutenant, vice Gage, Sept. 1; Se-
cond Lieutenant William Lambert Yonge to be First
Lieutenant, vice Fisher, resigned, Sept. 2.
Commission by the Queen.
Royal Cardigan Militia—Patrick Francis Durham,
Esq., late Captain and Adjutant 37th Regiment, to be
Adjutant, Sept. 11.
Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Yorkshire.
Henry Willoughby, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant;
Francis Cholmley, jun., Esq, to be Deputy Lieutenant.
Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Haverfordwest.
William Walters, Esq. ,to be Deputy Lieutenant; Wil-
liam Owen, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant ; John Lloyd
Morgan' Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant ; John Evans,
Esq.,itobe Deputy Lieutenant, Sept. 9.
Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Devonshire.
Sir James Hamlyn Williams, Bart., to be Deputy
Lieutenant; the Hon. John William Fortescue, to be
Deputy Lieutenant; William Hole, Esq., to be Deputy
Lieutenant, Aug. 10; the Hon. William Wells Adding-
ton to be Deputy Lieutenant; John Marshall, Esq , to be
Deputy Lieutenant; Thomas Wentworth Boller, Esq.,
to be Deputy Lieutenant; John George Johnson, Esq.,
to be Deputy Lieutenant; John Henry Furse, Esq., to
be Deputy Lieutenant; John Bargusa Yong°, Esq., to be
Deputy Lieutenant; Charles John Cornish, Esq., to be
Deputy Lieutenant; Shilston Calmady Hamlyn, Esq,
to be Deputy Lieutenant, Aug. 26.
In the East Devon Regiment of Militia Charles
Fursdon, Gent., to be Lieutenant, Aug. 9; Samuel John
Maclurcan Esq., to be Captain, Sept. 1.
In the North Devon Regiment of Militia Isaac
Newton Fellowes, Esq., to be Captain, vice Parker,
resigned, June 14; John Marshall, Gent., to be Lieute-
nant; John Sydney Smyth, Gent, to be Ensign, July 31;
Thomas Berry Torr, Gent., to be Ensign, Sept. 1.
In the South Devon Regiment of Militia—Sydney
Strode, Gent., to be Lieutenant, vice Ougier, resigned,
Jane 22.

Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Northumberland.
Ralph Carr, Esq , to be Deputy Lieutenant, Aug. 11.
Northumberland Regiment of Militia William
Matthew Bigge, Esq. (late Lieutenant Colonel in her
Majesty's 70th Regiment of Foot), to be Lieutenant-
Colonel, vice Coniston, retired; Algernon George Percy,
Esq., commonly called Lord Lovaine (late Lieutenant
and Captain in her Majesty's Ist, or Grenadier, Regi-
ment of Foot Guards), to be Major, vice Ogle, retired,
Sept. 8; Edward Smiles to be Surgeon, vice Dennis, re-
tired, Sept. 8.
Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Durham•.
Henry John Baker Baker, Esq., to be Deputy Lieu-
tenet; George Hawks, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant;
Henry Hobart, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant; Robert
Henry Allan, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant, Aug.
26; John Harrison Aylmer, Esq, to be Deputy Lieute-
nant, Sept. 5.
Durham Militia—Frederick Acklom Milbank, Req.,
to be Captain, Aug. 26.
Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Gloucester-

shire and Bristol.
George Drinkwater Bourne, Clerk, to be Deputy-
Lieutenant, Sept. 4.
North Gloucester Light Infantry Regiment of Militia
—John Williams Wellington. Esq., to be Major'
Thomas Warner, Gent., to be Surgeon, vice Filkin, re-
signed, &in. 7.
Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of the East Riding

of Yorkshire.
East York Regiment of Militia—Robert Wharton
Wilkinson, E:q., to be Captain, vice Todd, resigned,
Sept. 9.
Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of Lancashire.
Ist Regiment of the Duke of Lancaster's Own Militia
—Adjutant Frederick William Lane to serve with the
rank of Captain, Sept. 7.
Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Oxfordshire.
Oxfordshire Regiment of Militia—Spencer Field to be
Ensign, vice Fuller, resigned, Sept. 10; Thomas Omman.
ney Pipon, Esq., to be Captain, vice Irapey, resigned,
Sept. 13.
Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire
Royal Montgomery Militia—George Beadnell, Esq
to be Captain; William Slyman, Esq., M.D., to be Sur-
geon, Sept. 10.

BANKRUPTS.
Alexander Eorfar, straw bonnet manufacturer, Dun-
stable, Bedfordshire, to surrender, Sept. 30, and Oct. 26,
at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official
assignee, Sambrook court, Basinghall-street; Crosley
and Burn, Lombard-street; Simpson, St. Alban's, Hert-
fordshire.

Lewis Worms and Matthew Worms, merchants,
Queen-street, Cheapside, Sept, 30 and Nov. 2, at twelve,
at the Court of Bankruptcy. Groom, official assignee,
Abchurch-lane ; Tilleard,lSons, and Freeman, Old Jewry.
Benjamin Salter, brewer, Fulham, Sept. 28, at one,
and Oct. 19, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Ed-
wards, official assignee, Sambrook-court, Basinghall-
street ; Lawrence and Plows, Old Jewry-Chambers.
Henry George Quilter, grocer. 73irmiogbaw, Sept. 20
and Nov. 2, at halt-past eleven, at the Birmingham Dis-
trict Court. Whitmore, official assignee, Birmingham;
Motteram, Knight, and Emmet, Birmingham.
Maurice Richards, grocer, Birmingham, Sept. 29 and
Nov. 2, at half-past eleven, at the Birmingham District
Court. Whitmore, official assignee, Birmingham; Mot-
teram, Knight, and Emmett, Birmingham.
Edward Michelson, woollen merchant, Manchester,
Sept. 28 and Oct. 29, at eleven, at the Leeds District
Court. Young, official assignee, Leeds; Bond and Bar-
wick, Leeds.
Liverpool, Sept. 24 and
ol District Court.
Oct. 15,
d aJtoenleesv,enli,neantdrtahpeeriiverpi
Turner, official assignee, Liverpool; Williams, Liverpool.
INSOLVENT DEBTORS.
S. Slater, tailor, Princes-street, Hanover-square.
B. Jarman, carpenter, Stockwell-grove, Lambeth.
D. L. Marr, fruiterer, Park-terrace, Regent's-park.
C. H. K. Totem, Liverpool-street, City.
E. Oiley, butcher, Morpeth-street, Bethnal-green.
D. Pinkstone, licensed victualler, Hutchinson-street,
Aldgate.
J. N. Brooks, clerk, King's-road, Chelsea.
T. C. Watts, gentleman, Tennison-street, Lambeth.
N. S. Price, accountant, Brompton-crescent, Middlesex.
S. Rogers, carpenter and builder, Old Broad-street, City.
W. Hooper, house painter, Tysoe-street, Clerkenwell.
R. Parpworth, Craven-buildings, Drury-lane.
J. B. Heeles, Gresham-street, City.
J. Pelling, miller, Addle-hill, Doctors'-commons.
R. L. Harbert, greengrocer, Nine-elms, Vauxhall.
R. N. Wilson, Craven-street, Strand.
R, Adams, turncock, Mint-walk, Croydon.
J. H. Page, auctioneer, Hyde-place, Heaton.
J. Jenkins, builder, Southsca, Hants.
G. Rouse, provision-shop keeper, Hulme, Manchester.
S. Campbell, shipowner, Liverpool,
G. M. Bower, master mariner, Liverpool.
J. Thistlethwaite, Levenshulme, near Manchester.
G. Porteus, journeyman shipwright, Durham.
A. Colclougb, Walesby, Nottinghamshire.
J. Moor, cordwainer, Lancaster.
J. Cheaworth, licensed victualler, Liverpool.
P. Johnson, general commission agent, Liverpool.
J. Bate, gardener, Aston, Warwickshire.
W. Kirk, grocer, Morthen, Yorkshire.
Rev. W. P. Burn, clerk, Ulley Paraonage, Yorkshire.
J. T. Bignell, clerk, Devonport.
W. H. Norton, surveyor, Birmingham.
T. C. Sudbury, cabinet maker, Pontefract, Yorkshire.
M. Wood, chemist, Wednesbury, Staffordshire.
N. Samuel, fishmonger's assistant, Bishop Wearmoutb,
Durham.
J. Dring, publican, Chattlris, Isle of Ely, Cambridge-
shire.

DIVIDEND.
In the Country.
F. Raiford, Stourbridge, Worcestershire. banker, Oct.
16, at halt-past ten, at the Court, Birmingham.
NOTICE OF CERTIFICATES.
In the Country.
W. Iliggitbotharn, MaccleAeld, silk manufacturer,
Oct. 7, at twelve, at the Court. Manchester—J. Earp,
Uttoxeter, brewer, Oct. 9, at half-past ter, at the Court,
Birmingham—C. F. Bailey, Burslem, Staffordshire,
bootmaker, Oct. 11, at half-past ten, at the Court, Bir-
mingham—T. Shaw, Birmingham, stationer, Oct. 9, at
halt-past ten, at the Court, Birmingham—R. W. Lish-
taut), Shenatone, Staffordshire, surgeon and apothecary,
Oct. 11, at balf•paat ten, at the Court, Birmingham.

Lanca-
shire, cotton Ennu
CEkTIFICATE GRANTED.
R. W. Street, Oxford-s.:rect, victualler, certificate of
J.
B.
WilliamsonPA -RTNEaRnSdH
J.
ES
eDywlSoSodO,LresDto.n,_
the third
class,
IL Phillips, Fortin
—Mary Tatham, Portman-place
i'acturers—J. Stevens and G. B. Park,
Macclesfield, arLhitec:a—R. Hobbs and
Manchester anCl'
ilorsfEdl, end J. Foulds, Halifax,
Edgware-road, linendrapers
Old-row, Limehouse,
Yorkshire, worsted
PaiDn'aders—H. Miles and C. Miles,
oGiles'-row, Cambridge-road,
Mile-end-road, drapers—
J. P. Tylee and T.
and T.
Langton,
rys,taSffohrrdosphsihrier,e,ourrabOerwselan;
S.
and T. Bentley,
Deane
Owens,.ed j J.
Taylor, Bennett, Bath, chemists—gyreri,—
Taylor, Liverpool, general merchants—A..
Hides, and M. Hillas. Bradford, Yorkshire Hardy, R.
manufacturers—R. Driver, S. Lamer, and,
Sut-
cliffe,worsted-
manufacturers—R.
Haliwell, Lancashire, iJ. K. cotton-manufacturers (so
far as regards J. K. Sutcliffe)—T. Smith and R. Botcher,
Bungay and Beccles, corn-merchants—C. H. Higgins,
B. T. Higgins, and S. F. Knowles, Birkenhead --"k it
Clarke, W. Wilmot, and B. Best, Holloway-terrace, and
King-street, Tower-hill, preserved provision merchants
—R. Bendle, J. Bendle, and T. Wright, Carlisle, solici-
tors—A. Macdonald and J. G. Gollan, Leadenhall-street,
ship and insurance brokers—J. M. Hill and J. Pattinson,
Carlisle, joiners—E. Barber, C. Barber, and R. Barber,
Newton-heath, Lancashire, manufacturers of naptha—
W. W. Tookey and J. Selby, Oundle, Northamptonshire,
silk mercers—R. Sherwin and W. Sherwin, Macclesfield,
brush makers—A. S. Macrae and W. D. Tomlinson,
Liverpool, general brokers—G. Knock and J. I. Clarke,
Piccadilly, linendrapers—T. Flintoff and W. Mickle,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, mustard manufacturers —W.
Abell and L. Owen, Holyhead, linendrapers.
INSOLVENT PETITIONERS.
John Lovegrove, Clewer, Berkshire, fruiterer.
Henry Thomason, Eccleston, Lancashire, saddler.
John Ellis N •
, Norwich, carpenter.
John Bryson, Canterbury, • I
butoher.
Henry Moreton,Wolverhampton.
__,
Samuel Page, Wolverhampton, moulder. J

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE,

SHREWSBURY AND CHESTER

RESULT OF THE EXTRAORDINARY MEETING TO REMOVE

THE DIRECTORS.
CHESTER, TUESDAY.—Our paper of Monday con-
tained a report of the extraordinary meeting of this com-
pany, held at Chester on Ssturday, when a resolution,
moved by George Monroe, of Edinburgh, to remove the
directors, was refused to be put by the chairman on the
ground of its illegality. A subsequent motion for the
adjournment of the meeting to the 20th inst., for the
further consideration of the question, and resisted by the
directors, was lost by a show of hands, whereupon a poll
was demanded, and the meeting adjourned to yesterday
to receive the report of the scrutineers. Lest evening,
at seven o'clock, the scrutineers net being ready, the
meeting was further adjourned to this day (Tuesday), at
twelve o'clock.

At the meeting to-day, Mr. Wardell, the chairman of
the board, presiding, the following report of the scruti-
neers was read:—

" We report that having given effect to the revocation
of proxies, the result of the votes is as follows:
Against the Adjournment.
Persons pre5ent......... 44 representing
Proxies held by ditto... 383 ditto

427 11,143
For the Adjournment.
Persons present .. :.. 46 representing
Proxies hold by ditto... 346 ditto

392 9,043
Majority of votes against the adjournment, ac-
cording to Mr. Lowe's view
Balance of votes eleitned to be deducted by Mr
Gutch, but not allowed or admitted by Mr. Lowe 466
Majority of votes against the adjournment, ac-
cording to Mr. Guteya views, but upon which
he makes the remarks added by him below 1,634
The scratineers, in concluding their report, feel it their
duty to state that two proxies registered in favour of
the adjournment, and watch beer the names of the par-
ties whom they profess to represent appear not to be
signed by them, and have consequently been disallowed.
" WILLIAM LOWE.
"JOHN JAMES GUTCH."
To the report was appended the following observa-
tions by Mr. Gutch
I have further to remark that I have of jected to
proxies representing 3,277 in favour of the motion for
adjournment, on the ground that they were not lodged
within
.the period prescribed by the company's Act,
which 1.3 expressly stated to be five days before the
holding of the meeting—see 7 and 8 Vic., c. 99, sec. 71
--and Mr. Lowe having refused to certify or to admit
this, I have been under the necessity of thus stating
my views. This objection also causes a deduction from
the votes in favour of the adjournment to the extent of
659, leaving a balance against the above apparent ma-
jority of 2,618. Deduct majority, as shown above, ac-
cording to my
views,
of 1,634, haves a majority in
favour of the adjournment, according to my views, of
984."
"There is also a question as to the scale of voting forjoint holdings, on which Mr. Lowe and I have not
been able to agree, but which, so far as I can judge,
would not affect the result materially either way; but as
I differ with him in opinion, I have thought it right thus
to notice it. " JOHN JAMES GUTCH."
The report having been read.
The CHAIRMAN said—l beg to state that the motion
for adjournment is lost.
Mr. MONROE—I do not concur in the opinion of the
chairman. Ido not think it is carried, and I shall—.
Mr. ROY (who had risen at the same moment as Mr.
Monroe)_l beg to move that this meeting be ad-
journed sine die.
Mr. TREVOR seconded the motion.
The CHAIRMAN put the motion, and declared it car-
ried on a show of hands.

Mr. MONROE ---I-b7g—t'o move the previous question.

The CRAIRX&N—it-iS too late; the motion is carried,
Mr. McmioE—Well, then, I demand a poll.
The CnArardarr--Very well. Who shall we name as
scrutineers? I name Mr. Robinson and Mr. Woodford.
Mr. MONROE complained that the chairman's conduct
in naming new scrutineers was quite unheard of, and
showed a want of confidence in the two scrutineers who
had already acted.
Some discussion took place, in the course of which Mr.
Trevor, one of the auditors, charged Mr. Monroe with
making some untrue e:cusations against him in connec-
tion with the company, and bearing upon his (Mr.
Trevor's) former position as the editor of the Chester
Chronicle. After an irregular conversation,
Mr. MONROE withdrew his motion for a poll, " but,"
said he, " I beg leave to announce to the gentlemen pre-
sent that this matter is not yet ended."
Mr. TREVOR (much excited)—And I beg to t3ll Mr.
Monrci that the matter between him and myself is not
yet ended. I advise him to leave the city 93 soon as
possible, and save himself baing kicked ote.—(Loud
laughter.)

Mr. TAUNTON, of London, then came forward, and said
that however opposite might be the views which some of
the shareholders possessed, he thought they ought not
to separate without a vote of thanks to their chairman.
Ho begged, therefore, to propose a vow of thanks to him,
and in doing so he could not help expressing his wish
that the chairman might preside over more fair and
more impartial meetings than he bad recently done.
Mr. Taunton then proceeded, under considerable excite-
ment, to refer to an assertion that had been made in the
meeting to the effect that he appeared there as the no-
minee of the Great Weetein Company. le did not
know that he was bound to take notice of gentlemen
who made nee of unfair language behind his back; but
as one gentleman present, Mr. Gordon Thomson (Mr.
Thomson, Mr. Monroe, and other gentlemen in favour
of the North-Western alliance at this time left the
room), had stated that he (Mr. Taunton) was a paid
agent of the Great Western Company—
A SHAREHOLDER rose to order—The meeting was
not now competent to hear such a charge.
Mr. TAUNTON contended he was in order. A person
had made an unfounded, false charge behind his back,
and he asked was there one person present who dared
maintain it? 110 paused for a reply. He could
answer the charge fully and entirely, and
furthermore, if Mr- Gordon Thomson or any of
his coadjutors would meet him in that area when
the question came to be discussed upon its broad merits,
ho should be prepared not only to answer the charge as
against himself, but he should be prepared to prove that
the London and North-Western Company had, to a very
business of this company.—(Hear and
great extent, its paid agent., who were intmlering with
He was sorry that he had been compelled to
Cheers.)
legitimateseer
diverge from the object for which he had risen. He con-
cluded
connexion with the company (in
in acknowledging the compliment,
by moving a vote of thanks to the chairman.
whichT referredhe
hCelitoheaha
had evs
er
activeAv e r
taken the deepest interest) from its
origin to the present time, and proceeded to say that he
had now a few words to say to the shareholders at large.
It was with great pain he now informed them that that
was the last time he should
appear before them as chair-
man of the board. It was not that he now differed with
any portion of the board, for the directors, with himself,
had no doubt whatever that the policy which they had
pursued was the best for the interest of the company.
Theg ground o
whichu n
h
dof hise oould no longer contend (cataract in retirement was a personal affliction,
against
the eye). In conclusion he said they had his best wishes
neverne be allowed to overcome
theoui d line,
, in connexion with which
right.
After a few words from Mr. Roy, regretting the chair-
man's resignation, the proceedings terminate('

RAILWAY
SHARE MARKETS.
BRISTOL, SEPT. 14
STOCK EXCHANOE.—The share market to• day was very
dull, and closed without doing any business of importance.
LIVERPOOL, SErr. 14.
STOCK Excal*lGE*—The share market opened dull this
morning, but towards the_ elote of the day a better
feeling appeared to preve'l, and operations became more
active. The transactions were as follow :—Caledonian
21 ii,—Eastern Counties, 11Lancashire and Yorkshire,'
88,4—London and North-Western, 121%—Ditto, Fifths,
314 13„..4tarlehester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, Preference,
12—Ditto, 6/. New Preference, Vs I
P.—Midland, 78%—Ditto,
New Preference, 4 per cent., 1- r.
-- P.—South-Eastern and
Dover, 22 l/i.
MANCHESTER, SETT. 14.
STOCK EXCHANGE. The share market was fit in to-da
but there was not much business doing,. The transactions
w-'
were as folio :—East Lancashire, 18,/
IR —Lancas li i r e and
Yorkshire, BSg—Ditto, Fifths, 3Ys dis.—Ditto, F Shares,
1% p.—London and North-Western, I.2l34._midiands
78v,
Manchester, Sheffield,' and Lincolnshire,
r2N—West Ridi 7
29;3 dis.—South-Easern and Dover, 1,46.
n-,
BIRMINGHAM, SEPT. 14.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The share market remains much in
the same state as yesterday. the
only transaction reported
was—South Staffordshire, % dii.

in
-- -
IRELAND.
THE LAV, MURDERS IN TAPPBRARY AND ROSCOMMON.
DUBLIN, TUESDAY.—A
m correspondent of the Even
Mail, writing from Clou,l on Sunday evening, nw
.;.5.2
" I am happy to inform you that the police here and
in the county of Waterford have succeeded in arresting
eight persons for the atrocious murder of our esheined
townsman, the late O'Callaghan Ryon, E'-q., and bay,
lodged them safely in our county gaol. An ics,estiga.
tion will take place to-morrow in our Court-house. It
were
ahrarsesbteedenonrutmheourGeadhitehamt
ousonmtseitiOp!f
alnhdesethfaetllotwhsey
left
their homes the evening the murder was committed.'
A man named Mullooly has been arrested in Ros-
common, charged with participation in :the late murder
in that county. The evidence against him is that he
prevented a servant boy of the murdered man from
rendering assistance to his master when the attack upon
him was made. Mullooly was about sailing for America
when he was arrested.
THE PACKET STATION.
The following letter from Mr. Russell, of Limerick,
appears in the Evening Mail, and, if the information
which it contains be well fo•lnded, the verata questio of
thepacket
thevesrtaytiognrawtiofyulig
dnseeimntetiougbeenscoel, which I have
at last:—.
Un
is m
Union Clyub, pleasingLondo duty to n,Sept.lo, 1852.
my dear
Sir,—lt communi-
cate
received from a high official source, that the Commis-
sioners appointed to inquire into the relative merits of
the Galway or the river Shannon as a Transatlantic
port have reported not only favourably, but very de-
cidedly in preference of Foynee.
" I am satisfied that all will agree that the people of
Limerick are deeply indebted to Lord Monteagle for
the very kind manner in which he represented our in-
terests during the preliminary inquiries on this important
subject. t‘l am, dear Sir, yours faithfully,
" F. W. RUSSELL.
"Mr. W. Carroll, Chamber of Commerce, Limerick,"

BETTING HOUSES.

Races rr.,_rit 411 Ow is taid ttei: favour, but they
produce some fatal efft•cts as well as some very good
ones. If any one should ever in his enthusiasm liken
a race-course to the garden of Eden, half the world
would only recognise any truth in the comparison,
because on the " course," as in the garden, the devil
is seated hard by the tree of knowledge. A " know-
ing one," in the language of the turf, is one of the
most admirable imitations of the father of " lies,"
in some of his attributes, that weak mortality is
enabled to produce. He turns the paradise into a
hell. Through him the wager which was formerly a
harmless venture between men who could afford to
make it, becomes a means of misery and ruin to hun-
dreds who ought never to come under its operation.
While betting was confined to those who owned [he
horses, or to those who were excited spectators of the
race, little harm was done. At any rate the evil
was confined within narrow limits. A proprietor of a
herse backing his property, or a connoisseur in horses
backing his opinion, could scarcely do damage to any
but themselves. The evil would be local, and could
never become national. When, however, the tricks
of the stable began to exercise an influence over the
races themselves and the betters thereon, the betting-
book became nothing better than a rogue's ledger.
Success in betting was not the result of a well-
founded knowledge of the capabilities of a horse or his
rider, but of an acquaintance with the dirty doings
of the stables.

" What is it?" says Nimrod, " that guides the leading
men in their betting? Is it a knowledge of the horse
they back either to win or to lose ?—and is it his public
running that directs their operations? We fear not.
Three parts of them know no more of a horse
than a horse knows of them, but it is from pri-
vate information, purchased at a high price—at a
price which ordinary virtue cannot withstand—that
their books are made up. Again, how do the
second class of betters act? We reply—they bet upon
men, and not upon horses. For so soon Ls they can
positively ascertain that certain persons stand heavy
against any one hors; that horse has no chance to win,
unless, as it sometimes happens, he is too strong for his
jockey, or the nauseating ball has not had the desired
effect. He runs in front, it is true, for he can run to
win; but what is hie fate? Why, like the hindermost
wheel of the chario' he is

" cursed
Still to be near, but ne'er to reach the first."
The evil, however, did not stop here. As long as
the corruption was confined to the bona fide
frequenters of the turf, the result was a mere transfer
of property from the fool to the knave. The knaves,
however, desired and obtained a larger circle for
their operations. The speed of the horse and the
skill of the rider being shown to have no influence
on the issue of a race, and all information on the
subject being supposed to be the exclusive possession
of the " knowing ones," a thousand pretenders to this
distinction sprang up, and offered themselves as safe
guides to the universal public in the road to un-
bounded wealth. The bait took, and the effect was
seen in the establishment first of sweeps and then of
"betting houses." These miniature "hells" brought
ruin within the reach of the shallowest pocket. For
half-a-crown the poor man was promised intelligence
which would put more in his pocket than he could
earn by a mont's labour. Listen to one of these wor-
thies expatiating on the advantages he can offer to his
dupes. He signs himself "Nonpareil," and intro-
duces himself to the public in a Sunday newspaper
two days ago :
I now strongly advise you to lose no time, if you wish
to be on the winners for Doncaster. lam proud to in-
form you that I guarantee a great number of winners,
including the St. Leger, which is a certainty. A list, 10s.
—worth 101. Take my advice, and have a list. A deal
of money is tobe made. * * *
I am well assured that no enterprise is more remunera-
tive than well-directed " turf investments." Very great
advantage in becoming a subscriber. Terms—twelve
months, 2 guineas; six ditto, 1 guinea; single event,
2s. 6d.

Here is a golden harvest placed within the reach of
the poorest classes. Labourers, servants, apprentices,
are all invited to share in the promised prosperity.
Is it wonderful if the temptation should prove irre-
sistible to numbers ? The poor man, in spite of
many opinions, we may say of much legislation to
the contrary, has an appetite for excitement, and a de-
sire to take occasionally irregular means to gratify it
as his rich neighbour. And we all know without the
authority of Nimrod, that the rich man often endea-
vours to make a "good book" in precisely the same
manner As that indicated by the advertising prophet
as the way for the poor man to make his. It is here
where the cause of the evil rests. Sir Peter Laurie
may threaten to put down betting-houses, but if he
succeeds he will soon see that he will have to com-
mence a crusade against the same pest in another
shape. Until the patrons of the turf can purify
the circle of their operations, the wretched
effects which we now see proceed from betting-houses
will never cease. With what face can our legislators
enact laws for the suppression of betting-houses while
they are patronising the very system which is a very
hothouse for betting houses ? The miserable fre-
quenters of these houses know that Lord Derby and
a large number of the Members of both houses who
are in England are likely to be at Doncaster watch•
ing the " odds," and looking for information as
eagerly Ps themselves. If; then, they are debarred
forcibly from a pursuit which they know may be
practised by the rich with impunity, they will only
be strengthened in the mischievous impression—which
is but too justly prevalent—that there are some vices
which are the especial property of the rich, and that
the end of legislation is to secure a monopoly of
these for that class. What effect this will have upon
the national morality we leave the legislators to de-
cide. They must expect to be met on all sides by
the reproacb, "Physician, cure thyself."—Daily News.

1852.

1 THE NAVY.
(F.-,in me Titats.)
We publish to-day a letter from Lord Dandonald,
which will combine a good variety of opinions in its
favour. In all that the gallant Lord says about bounties
and insinuates t,bout protection he will assuredly not
want for earnest sympathizers, and four-and-twenty
hours will not pass, we dare say, without appeal to this
respectable testimony in behalf of Ministerial propensi-
ties. It is certainly true that a large number of British
seamen—some say even 50,000—are engaged in the ser-
vice of foreign countries, and it would surely be some-
what strange if it were otherwise. All nations, in all
times of the world, have always competed for the services
of any particular peopls distinguished in any particular
craft. Once upon a time the best weavers were inva-
riably Flemings, freemasons Normans, and sword-cut-
lers Spaniards, wherever they were met with. Later
in the day gardeners have been Scotchmen and
sculptors Italians, while at the present moment
diamond cutters are only to be found among the Jews,
and public murderers among the Irish. Most nations
have some calling in which they excel, and the fact that
foreign countries come to England for seamen only
shows that our seamanship is the best article of its kind
in the market. It would certainly be inconvenient if we
sold all and retained none for ourselves, but we never
heard that the Swiss lacked soldiers for home defence
when they stocked half the armies in Christendom. On
the contrary, the free exportation seemed rather to sti-
mulate the produce, and Switzerland was never more
powerful than when battles were fought by Swiss in-
fantry as commonly as vessels are now sailed by British
seamen. As to bounties, the practice proves nothing
but the artificial character of the system, and for England
to run a race in such folly as this would be like protec-
ting the sugarcane by enormous premiums against beet-
root.

Omitting however Lord Dundonald's premises, we
can at once acquiesce in his conclusion that " strict
attention should be paid to all that concerns the steam
department of the navy." Whether we shall be driven,
either from the change in naval tactics, or, as our noble
correspondent prognosticates, from absolute want of
seamen, to rely upon steamers in place of ships of the
line may be a doubtful question, but as we do profess
to maintain a fine steam marine, and as we have paid
pretty heavily for its establishment, it is cer-
tainly as well to neglect no method of keeping it in
proper order. Long ago, it will be remembered, we
drew attention to the fact that engines were never
systematically fitted to ships, and Lard Dundonald
now complains that boilers are never fitted to en-
gines. This perversity of arrangement seems hardly
credible, but our noble correspondent plainly alleges
that whereas disproportionately small boilers used to be
attached to powerful engines, small engines aro now
attached to disproportionately large boilers; that in
neither case was there any previous trial, and that in
both cases the result was failure. If any person should
doubt this description of Admiralty practice, we
can only beg him to recollect that practice little less
extraordinary was actually disclosed and confessed to.
It was frankly acknowledged that the builder of the
ship was never put in communication with the maker
of the engines which were to propel her, and some
years did positively elapse before this species of concert
was thought desirable in the national dmkyards.
But the remarks of our correspondent suggest an-
other question, which, indeed, instinctively arises from
occurrences of recent date and terrible significance. How
far is our present system of steam propulsion consistent
with probable security? It was but the other day that
we adverted, for a different purpose, to the excessive
speed at which our Atlantic steamers are driven through
the water, and to the sacrifice of all ordinary mercantile
considerations to this one object. It is quite certain that
for the sake of an hour or two's gain in a voyage of 10
or 12 days we surrender many of the requirements of a
packet-ship, but do we imperil safety as well? Is there
anything in these conditions of build, propulsion, and
compethion on the seas which can be thought to make
the voyage more hazardous than before? Without sug-
gesting any conclusive reply to this inquiry, we must at
once admit that no recent accident seems in any degree
ascribable, as far as we could learn, to the power of the
engines or the speed of the vessel. The Amazon would
apparently have been consumed even if she had been a
very Vulcan for sluggishness, and it is quite mani-
fest that the real Admiralty standard of six miles
an hour brings about many more failures than the
racing pace of the American packets. We acknowledge,
therefore, that on the face of things there is no reason
for presuming that even our exclusive devotion to speed
and power endangers the security of the vessel. Stills
in every other description of locomotion, increased ra-
pidity does bring with it increased need of precau-
tion, and although the course of a ship over the water
is exempt from the worst liabilities of a railway train
on land, the idea involuntarily suggests itself that some-
thing may go wrong under such extreme pressure,
and that the consequences might be worse than
in ordinary cases of failure. Lord Dundonald,
we observe, intimates that Government steamers
are positively ordered not to be worked at
the full power of steam " unless under the most
pressing emergency, to be noted in the logbook, and
officially reported by letter to the Admiralty." Now,
we should very much like to know whether thesein-
structions aro based upon a general conviction that ex-
cessive speed, under any circumstances, involves a cer-
tain amount of danger, or whether they are dictated
simply by a prudent estimate of Government machines
in particular. We can readily understand that if a
boiler is so ill adjusted to its engines as to require either
unnatural straining or equally unnatural restraining a
disaster is very likely to occur; but, as merchant ships
do not usually adopt these anomalies of construction,
are they liable to the same perils, or should they be
handled with the same precaution?
We throw out these considerations for reflection alone.
That there is no danger at present discernible in the
racing speed of our merchant steamers we readily ad-
mit. No voyages across the Atlantic have been executed
with greater general comfort than those performed within
ten or eleven days. But thorn may possibly be limits to
our license in this respect, and if so, we are certainly
going the. way to find them. As to the Government
steamers, if they aro indeed fitted with such engines that
express directions are given never to work them except
where an explosion would be the lesser evil of two, we
must confess that the famous passages of our Vulcans
and Megasras are pretty clearly explained. To these
conditions of progress, however, we have no desire to see
our merchant ships reduced, and, instead of such " pre-
cautions" as our correspondent alludes to against putting
on the steam, we would rather see such an adaptation of
ships to engines, and of both to the duties before them,
as would allow them to be turned to their ostensible
uses without any danger at all.