The Sun.
London, England, 1864-08-15 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 15, 1864.

gister of proprietors, resolutions to the above effect were
carried, and the meeting separated.

WEST YORKSHIRE.

The report of the directors stated that the expenditure to
the 30th of June last, exclusive of the hlethley Railway,
had beenX3Bo,77B. The receipts for the half-year on revenue
account had been £14,438, the working expenses £3,570,
leaving a net sum of £10,868 applicable for dividend. The
total sum at the disposal of the directors was £20,653,
out of which they proposed to divide £10,148, leaving
£10,505 for the reserve fund. The directors referred with
satisfaction to the steady increase of the general traffic, and
stated that the opening of new lines shortly would cause a
considerable augmentation of income. The completion of
the Batley and Methley branches was an event not far
distant,

STATE OF TRADE.

LEEDS, Friday.—We have to report a quiet trade
in the warehouses during the past week. Few
buyers have been in the market one or two of the
wholesale London houses have been represented;
with this exception there has been comparatively
little doing. Fine black unions have been the chief
things inquired for, and although these goods have
not been in such great request as of late, still the
supply is not yet equal to the demand, the falling
off of which will enable the manufacturers to satisfy
the wants of the merchants better than they have
been able to do for some time past. Low-priced
unions have not been much inquired for, and as
many manufacturers have been engaged in making
this class of goods, the stocks in their hands are
now accumulating. Witneys and pilots, in plain
and fancy makes, and black all-wool cloths have to
a fair extent changed hands. Manufacturers are
fully employed, and rates firmly upheld in all de-
partments. The increased value of money and the
apprehension of higher rates save checked the de.
mend for English wool, and little has been done
during the week. Many manufacturers are well
supplied at present. Clothing wool is in moderate
request, and for some sorts at the public sales
prices have not been fully maintained:
MANCHESTER, Friday.-012 Tuesday, and still
more on Wednesday, the general feeling was one of
great depression, and on all sides business was re-
ported to be at a stand. But there ensued rather
more ease in money circles, and the apprehended
further addition to the rate of interest did not take
piece yesterday. A sense of relief has consequently
spread over this market, and we have been receiv-
ing more cheerful reports from both sellers and
buyers, especially in the latter part of to-day. Yarn
—A limited business has Leen effected by German
merchants in 60's to 80's twofolds, and some singles
also, including 28's to 32's, and as low as 12's water,
principally on Russian account, and all at full prices.
Something has been done, too, in 50's to 100's mule,
but not in 40's, for Calcutta, and in 30's mock water
for Bombay. We hear of no transactions for the
Levant, unless a little extra hard may have been in-
tended for that quarter. Manufacturers have ven-
tured upon cautious and sparing purchases of twist
and weft cope and throstl© warps. They have,
however, scarcely touched 32's twist cops, but they
have taken higher numbers, especially of wefts. As
regards prices, we may state that, a couple of days
back, buyers might have found a weakness among
the spinners of short staples, except certain superior
articles, which they did not meet with to-day.
Naval and Military Intelligence,

The Board of Admiralty, consisting of tho Duke of Somer-
set, K.G., Vice-Admiral the Hon. Sir Fred. Grey, K.C.8.,
Rear-Admiral the Hon, J, R. Drummoad, C. 8., and Mr
Childers, M.P., the Civil Lord, with their secretary, Lord
C. Paget, M.P., disembarked on Friday morning from the
Admiralty yacht, at 11 o'clock, at the Royal William Vie.
tualling-yard, Plymouth, Their lordships were attended by
the Controller of Victualling, Mr Charles Richards, the
Director of Works, Capt. Clarke, ILE., and Sir R. Mayne,
K.C.8., Chief Commissioner--and Mr Mallalieu, Inspect-
ing-Superintendent of the Metropolitan Police. The Com-
mander-in-Chief, Admiral Sir 11. Fremantle, K.C.8., ar-
rived immediately afterwards. Their lordships were received
by Captain Superintendent Douglas Curry, R.N„ Com-
mander Wheeler, the Master-Attendant—Mr Samuel Tris-
cott, storekeeper—and Mr Thos. Ingram, clerk of works,
&u. After inspecting the slaughterhouse and bakery their
lordships proceeded to the office of the Capt, Superinten-
tendent, where they formed a board, and deliberated nearly
an hour on some affairs connected with the department,
They inspected the store in which the officers' mess traps
are deposited. Quitting the establishment by water they
proceeded to the Royal Naval Hospital, through the wards
of which they were conducted by the principal medical offi-
cers. The rooms being erected for the recreation of conva-
lescent patients were also examined. Having lunched on
board the Osborne their lordships proceeded to Torpoint
and reviewed the men belonging to the gunnery ship Cam.
bridge. They were divided into six companies, under com-
mand of Capt, C. J. F. Ewart, and Lieuts. H. F. Nichol-
son, Clayton Mitchell, and Cecil Stanley, and deployed
into line, broke into open column, formed squares, in
a very creditable manner. From four field-pieces on the
ground a salute of 19 guns was fired. The band of the
Royal Adelaide was in attendance. At about five p.m.,
their lordships went on board tho training ship Itnpreg-
nable, 78, Capt. Frmicis S. Tremlett, in Hamoaze, and
inspected the boys at general quarters and gunnery and
small-arm drill, as well as sail drill, and examined
the register books showing their progress in school. Since
the last Admiralty inspection 600 boys have been trained;
the Impregnable, with the Implacable, St Vincent, Bos-
cawen, and Wellesley, sends about 3,000 lads annually into
ships as they are commissioned, and to vacancies on foreign
stations. All boys of 16 capable of passing the examination
are rated first class. The sailing brig Squirrel takes them
occasionally from Devonport into the Channel for sea exer-
cise. After short visits to the training ship Impregnable, and
the flagship Royal Adelaide, Capt. F. B. P. Seymour, C. 8.,
the Duke of Somerset and his colleagues landed on Mount
Edgcumbe-park. In the evening they dined at Mount Wise
with the Port Admiral, and they subsequently were present
at the ball under their patronage at Pearse's Royal Hotel,
Plymouth, in aid of the funds of the Orphan Asylum.
On Friday Earl de Grey and Ripon left Devonport in the
steam tender Princess Alice, and inspected Tregantle and
Scerasdon forts in Cornwall, and the land defences in Caw-
sand Bay, at Bovisand, and on Staddon Heights. In the
afternoon Admiral Drummond and Mr Childers visited
Tregantle,
On Saturday morning at 10 o'clock the Lords of the Ad-
miralty reviewed the men belonging to the Steam Reserve,
who are commanded by Capt. Wm. Edmondetone, C. 8., of
tho Indus. The inspection took place on the jetty at Key-
ham steatriyard, and their lordships seemed pleased wills
the appearance of the force and the arrangements for its
government. At half-past 10 the Duke of Somerset held a
levee at the office of the Admiral Superintendent, while
some of his colleagues went on board the new screw steam
ship Megaira, G, in Ne. 2 dock, fitting for a store transport,
and training ship Implacable, 24, Commander Samuel B.
Dolling, in Hanioaze. Shortly after 2 o'clock the Duke
of Somerset, Admiral Sir F, Grey, Admirals Eden and
Drummond, Mr Childers, M.P., and Lord Clarence Paget,
inspected the Plymouth division of Royal Marines Light
Infantry in the Barrack-square. The division presented
arms, and the companies were marched past in slow and
quick time. There were under arms 1,061 of all ranks; the
present strength is about 1,800, for which number the bar-
racks since their enlargement have sufficient beds. In 1860
there were but 919 beds. The area of the parade, 369 by
133 feet, will soon be enlarged to 432 by 204 feet, iu conse-
quence of the purchase by the Admiralty of all the eastern
side of Durnford-street contiguous to the barracks.
To-morrow the Lords of the Admiralty will reach Ports-
mouth, in their steam yacht Enchantress, from Devonport.
The Duke of Somerset will hold a levee at the Royal Naval
College in Portsmouth Dockyard on Friday next. Naval
officers intending to be present must leave their names as
early as they can possibly do so at the college. The usual
official dinner will be given by their lordships during their
stay at Portsmouth, on board their yacht ; the Port Ad-
miral and Naval Commander-in-Chief, Vice-Admiral Sir
M. Seymour, G.C.13„ will entertain their lordships and a
large party at the Admiralty-house in the dockyard, and
their lordships will patronize the usual ball given each year
for the benefit of the Seamen and Marines Orphan Schools
at Portsmouth.

A naval court martial assembled on board her Majesty's
board her Mai serving as third lieutenant on
ship Victory at Portsmouth on Saturday for the trial of
Lieut. Henry C. Wogan,
of drunkenness. The prisoner pleaded guilty, and was
esty's screw troopship Orontes, on a charge
sentenced to dismissal from the Orontes and to lose four
years' seniority.
The experimental signaling between her Majesty's
steamer Pigmy in the Channel, St. Catherine's Down, in
the Isle of Wight, and the Semaphore tower in Ports-
mouth Dockyard, conducted by Capt. F. Bolton, of the
12th Regiment, and Commander Colomb, R.N., has been
resumed, and will be continued during the visit of
the Board of Admiralty to Portsmouth. On Thurs-
day last at 10 p.m. Vice-Admiral Sir M. Seymour received
a message at his residence in the dockyard from the Pigmy
in the Channel to the following effect ;—" Pigmy at sea,
15 miles off St. Catherine's. Heavy sea running. Has the
Admiral any commands ?" The experiments have been
attended with the most complete success. A perfect and
rapid system of signaling will be established for the conjoint
use of the army and navy, which will be of great impor-
tance in our system of national defence.
The Fiagard, flagship of Commodore Dunlop, C,8,, at
Woolwich, now undergoing a thorough overhaul at her
moorings, has been found overrun in many of her timbers
with a species of rot and decay, which it is stated will inca-
pacitate her for any lengthened service, and render useless
any attempt at repair so as to fit her for the practice of the
heavy guns daily in use for training lads. The masts are
likewise rotten and unfit for service. The old frigate, after
being withdrawn from the list of her Majesty's line-of-
battle ships soon after 1810, was taken up for her present
duty, and has been moored off Woolwich dockyard in yearly
commission since that period. Her accommodation is con-
sidered too scanty for present emergencies, and it is conse-
quently proposed to replace her by a ship of larger capacity.
Captain Blakely's 11-inch cast iron gun, hoopad with
steel, and which broke one of the hoops under proof a short
lime o
lawgioc,hbutthaving
on Saturday. b eeanrr eday.
pair e d was again proved at the
Woolwich T, h e
gun is 15 feet long, 43
inches in diameter at the breech, and 20 inches at the
muzzle. The gun was fired two rounds, with a charge of
5211 b. of powder, and a cylinder weighing 5401 b., and

showed no signs of strain or damage. Major Freeth, lt.A.,
Inspector of Ordnance, Captain Gordon, C. 8., Superinten-
dent of Military Stores, and other officers mere present,
and conducted the proof, and also Mr. Campbell, represent-
ing the Blakely Ordnance Company. The gun, it is stated
is manufactured to the order of the British Government,
and will now be despatched to St. Petersburg,
Lieut.-Gen. the Hon. Sir. J. York Scarlett, the Adjutant-
General, and Lieutenant-General Sir Richard Airey,
Quartermaster-General, have left the Horse Guards for a
few weeks' leave Of absence from their offical duties.

The Himalaya, screw troopship, Capt. E. Lacy, sailed
from Portsmouth, on Saturday, for Kingstown with the
53d Regiment on board, under the command of Col. Ha-
rence. The 53d will disembark from the Himalaya at Kings-
town, en route for the Curragh. She proceeds to Canada from
Kingston with detachments belonging to different regi-
ments serving in Canada, and will return to Portsmouth
with two-thirds of the Guards now serving there.
The Urgent, screw troopship, Capt. S. Henderson, will
embark at Portsmouth on Tuesday draughts of men to join
the service cpropanies of their respective regiments in Ca-
nada, and will return to Spithead from Quebec with one-
third of the Guards now serving in Canada.

in consequence of the harness issued to the troops on lb-
reign service in numerous cases having been found unfit for
use on its arrival, a committee of officers, appointed by the
War Department, has been ordered to make an official sur-
vey of the stores at Woolwich and report on them. The
officers, consisting of Lieut.-Col. Austen, commanding the
2d division depot brigade, R.A.—Brigade Major Sherring-
ton, Military Train—Capt. Fenn, superintendent of the
harness depot—and Mr Parkyn, assist.-superintendent of
military stores at Woolwich, made the required survey on
Saturd.::, last. Various portions of the stores of harness and
saddlery were selected by the committee, and subjected to a
heavy strain under the hydraulic machinery. Those portions
only which bore the test well returned to store,
Capt. Andrew Clarke, R.E,, is appointed by the Duke of
Somerset, Director of Engineering and Architectural Worke,
in the place of Col. Godfrey T. Greene, whose resignation
of that office we announced a few days ago.
The following appointments have been made at the Ad-
miralty :—Commander P. W. Pellew, to tho Warrior—
Lieut. G. Morice, to command the Hardy, vice Campbell,
superseded—and J, E. Bearcroft, nominated to a naval ca-
detship.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS,

THE " SPECTATOR" ON THE O'CONNELL DEMON-
STRATION.—There is to our minds something almost
impressive in the accounts of the Dublin procession
in honour of O'Connell. Englishmen always turn
with a sensation of disgust from accounts of Irish
ceremonial, and very often they are as righa as they
are discourteous. Incompleteness is the character..
istic of the Celt as completeness is of the Saxon,
and the mixture of tawdriness and squalor, bright
colour and wretched rags, magnates in uniform and
paupers in frieze, brilliant eloquence and rubbishy
declamation which make up an Irish demonstration,
will never be tolerable to a people who least of all
nations understand the Orientalism with which the
true Milesian is so deeply tinged. On this occasion,
however, the imagination, which in Ireland as in
Asia so often does duty for the heart, was honestly
touched, the people gave themselves up to their
own ideas, and every incident was marked by a
genius utterly alien indeed from our own, perhaps
inferior in type, certainly inferior in results, but
none the less real and worthy of respect. The middle
class Englishman who despises it despises also the
poet who can only sing songs which stir millions for
generations, but who has no capacity for making a
fortune or even perhaps earning his daily bread.
The banners were we dare say tawdry enough,
Irishmen are pretty sure to concentrate themselves
on the device and leave the streamers ragged, just
as Englishmen are sure to have their silk all perfect
and their devices grotesque; but imagine an English
crowd adhering in that way to a central idea, and
that idea a memory of the past In the long pro-
cession which took two hours in passing each point,
and must have numbered therefore two huadred
thousand persons, thousands of disconnected minds
had been at work, yet there was not a device, or a
banner, or a scarf which did not strive to recall a
lost nationality. Always that green colour, always
that sad Hibernia—the figure which runs through
all Irish sculpture, and poetry, and caricature, as if
the very soul of the wittiest race in Europe had been
steeped in melancholy—always the harp, and the
crown, and the emblems telling of a time which
never existed, but which lives in the popular ima-
gination as if h had but just passed away. The
symbols were present on the trades' banners, on the
flags of the societies, es en on the grotesque ensign
the Adam and Eve with which the Dublin tailors,
by a bull only Irishmen could have devised, indi-
cate their trade. Imagine an appeal to the tradi-
tions of Essex or Suffolk ploughmen or artisans !
Only in Ireland of the three kingdoms would a
procession so full of symbols have been appreciated,
only in Ireland could that strange air of sad memory
have been thrown over a great popular demonstra.
Lion, only in Ireland would men have found men-
cures to march to flke " Let Erin remember the days
of old." It is all very unpractical, and visionary,
and disheartening to men who think that life
ought to be a struggle instead of a regret, 'out if it
had occurred any where else, in Switzerland or
Italy,EngliOimen would have recognised that there
was poetry in the scene, quick sympathy, warm
imagination, capacity for realising abstract ideas
among the people who devised it. Those qualities
arc not so useful perhaps as calmness, and judg-
ment, and industry, but after all Attica is an ideal
as well as Manchester. The object of English Libe-
rals should be to give the Irish free scope for the
qualities they do possess, to use the great addition
they make to the intellectual resources of the Em-
pire, not to exclaim hopelessly that such qualities
are naught only because they are not their own.
The hearty conciliation of Ireland, the absorption
of the island into the Empire as Scotland has been
absorbed, the creation of a unity so cordial that
there should be but one Britain, north, west, and
south, would be worth all our conquests, and it can
never be achieved, never be hoped for, till Eng-
lishmen understand not this or that Irish demon-

stration, but the nature which makes such demon-
strations possible. The expectation which now re-
tards all liberal action for Ireland, that of the
emptying and re-peopliug of the island, is we believe
mere delusion. We cannot forget that we once re-
duced her native population to less than a million
and a half only. to see it advance again unchanged
and unchangeable. Even if it wore not, if it were
coriceiveable that Ireland should one day be filled up
withSeotchmenove should have gained in temporary
political ease, only to lose infiaitely in all that
variety which makes up political strength. On the
object of the demonstration English opinions will
of nourse differ very widely. O'Connell has, how-
ever, now been dead long enough for a fair estimate
to be formed of his merits and his life, and English-
men are after their wont sloNvly beginning to shed
bit by bit their old opinion of his career. Unscru-
pulous he certainly was, for the Orientalism of his
countrymen, the inability to perceive as well as to
sp!ak the exact truth, from which the Saxon is,
often from sheer dulness, unable to depart, was of
course most conspicuous in their representative man.
Agitator he certainly was, but it hardly lies in the
mouth of the men who carried the Reform Bill and
the repeal of the corn laws to pronounce agitation
in a good cause a crime. Hostile to the empire he
certainly was, but;he was a Roman Catholic man of
genius bred under the old penal laws, and we who
believe that the French Opposition have a right not
only of agitation but of revolt for freedom, cannot
honestly condemn the man who hated a power
which placed every native Irishman under disabili-
ties, which barred up every career, doomed every
man with ambition to insignificance, refused even
the one right Napoleon concedes--a right to a voice
in deciding the amount of property to be eurren.
dereu to the State. O'Connell faced us fairly, by
action carefully restrained within the limits of the
law carried a legislative measure by a use of the
right of meeting granted to every opponent of the
corn laws, by an organisation not so dangerous as
that which in 1831 made of every open space in
Birmingham a nightly drilling ground. Possessed
of almost royal authority over six millions of his
countrymen, taunted and assailed every week by
the dominant two millions, refused a voice in Par-
liament, refused the career open to every Irishman
who happened also to be a Protestant, he carried
Catholic Emancipation without revolt and without
bloodshed, and in so doing added all the potentiali-
ties of usefulness existing in six million brains to
the Imperial strength. It was a grand service done to
England as well as Ireland, a heavy crime removed
from the conscience not of Ireland but Great Britain
and if we have not the self-restraint to perceive the
truth, so much the more credit to the Irish that after
the man who secured them justice has been absent
17 years they can still meet by scores of thousands
to keep his memory green. Wu English are not
playing that, never shall play that part, towards the
trainer of our Emancipation Act—the Reform Bill
of 1831. No reasonable Englishman now doubts
that emancipation was an act of justice, and for a
nation to repay the man who secured that justice
with gratitude, even with exaggerated gratitude. is
surely no sign of want of national heart. Do we
blame Neapolitans because they almost canonise
Garibaldi? and why is not kindliness as fair to our
poor countrymen of the West—for the Irish are
countrymen just as much as the Scotch—as to the
race equally Southern, equally Catholic, equally
Oriental, who prepare similar demonstrations in
Southern Italy ? We appreciate the podesta who
heads a procession in honour of Garibaldi, why sneer
at MacSwiney, because he similarly honours a man
who did for his people as much, and who can,
vyiney make
to himself no return ? Is it because :llaeS
sounds to Jones and Smith and Higgs a comically,
common-place name P With the latter part_ of
O'Connell's life have of course, LO flytupai,,hy.

Repeal is not an act of justice but only a mischiev-
ous delusion, an effort to degrade Ireland from a
component and equal part of a great empire either
into the mere dependency she was till Castlereagh
terminated her humiliation, or a poverty-stricken
and powerless republic. Whilst her rights are pre-
served, while her share of representation is equal
and her sons promoted indifferently with Scotch-
men and Englishmen, while one Irishman can be
Premier and another Viceroy of India, Ireland has
no more right of revolt than Wales, or Cornwall, or
Lincolnshire, and the right of every nation to exist
would justify any measure of repression. But it is
just a little odd that the men who so savagely cen.
sure O'Connell for advising Repeal by moral force
are those who justify Mr. Davis in securing Re-
peal by arms. Is slavery the higher law which
hallows every act undertaken in its defence. O'Con-
nell distinctly believed that the divergence between
the two islands, the difference of race, creed, and
aspirations, of history and of sympathies, of manners
and of necessities, rendered a genuine unity hope-
less, and he drew the corollary that for the weaker
party separation was the alternative. That separa-
tion he strove to secure morally, by the machinery
which, it having already secured emancipation, he
looked upon as irresistible. He was, we believe,
utterly in the wrong, wrong in his avowed object,
which was independence, wrong in his secret object,
which was, we fear, union with France, wrong in
his choice of machinery, most wrong of all in be-
lieving that it was possible for an English Ministry
to consent to his plans. But Ireland, which suffers
from all the differences he so keenly perceived,
from that haughty want of appreciation we display
towards all whom we do not eomprehend, may well
be forgiven for honouring the man who suggested
an unwise course out of abounding love for her, who
holding in the Imperial Legislature the balance of
power was willing to sacrifice a position such as no
Irish Catholic ever attained in order to secure, as he
thought, the future of the people who believed that
having secured them justice he could win for them
Utopia. He failed, as he deserved in such a cause
to fail, but to our minds the fact most creditable to
the people of Ireland in all this demonstration is
that O'Connell having once manifestly, egregiously,
ridiculously failed, they have forgotten the grievous
failure to remember only the grand success. When
we are as sympathetic to our great men, place
Cromwell by the side of Elizabeth, the man who
won the Reform Bill by the side of the man who
won Waterloo, we shall have earned a new claim to
the admiration of the world. And when we do we
doubt not we shall feel the American sneer at our
admiration for such doubtful excellence, as Irishmen
feel now our sneers at their appreciation of O'Con-
nell.

THE " SATURDAY REVIEW" ON THE LAST EVENTS
OF THE WAR IN AMERICA.—The military move-
ments in America has never been more interesting
than at the present moment. The most important
of the operations is the siege of Atlanta. It is sup-
posed that Johnston thought it prudent to abandon
the town, and that the appointment of Hood to the
chief command represented the resolution of the
Confederate Government to risk a battle for the
• maintenance of the position. The whole progress
of the campaign proves the great superiority of the
Federal force, and Sherman appears to have pro-
fited by his advantages with remarkable skill and
daring. For more than a hundred miles, he turned
every defensive position which impeded his ad-
vance, and he reached the outskirts of Atlanta
without having been forced to engage in a single
pitched pattle. As the Confederates were, as usual,
weak in cavalry, the Northern horse passed with
impunity southward, and in a wide circuit through
Georgia and Alabama they destroyed railroads and
property, and temporarily interrupted the com-
munication between Atlanta anu Montgomery. In
the meantime, General Sherman, after crossing the
Chattahooehie, approached the suburbs of Atlanta,
when he was attacked by Hood with the usual
vigour of the Confederate leaders, and for a time
was exposed to considerable danger. Two days
afterwards a general engagement ended with re-
sults which are for the present doubtful, as both
parties claim the victory. As Sherman's official
despatches have been withheld from publication,
there would be sufficient reason to trust in the
Confederate account, if it were not also stated that
Atlanta was undergoing bombardment, and that
a part of the town was already in flames. The
capture of the place would complete the triumph of
the Federal arms in the West, and Atlanta, like
Chattanooga, might in its turn become the base of
a new advance through the yet unconquered regions
of the Confederacy. On the other hand, a check in-
flicted on Sherman might involve dangerous conse-
quences, as the outlying forces of Wheeler and of
Forrest are at last moving towards the Federal rear,
end it is stated that the Confederates have taken
a Federal camp at Decatur. The American
habit of repeating popular names of places
causes frequent confusion, and the friends of
the North endeavour to persuade themselves
that General Hardee's enterprise has been directed
against Decatur in Alabama. It is, however, far
more probable that the Confederates are endeavour-
ing to cut the enemy's communications at Decatur
in Georgia than that they are gratuitously fighting
in the heart of their own country with an enemy
who is not known to have found his way to the
south of Atlanta. If Longstreet's corps has really
been detached from Virginia to Georgia, the Federal
superiority of force may perhaps be reversed. The
knowledge that such a movement had taken place
would account for Grant's renewed activity, though
it is difficult to conjecture his reasons for his recent
change of position. His Northern admirers for
some weeks asserted,with vociferous unanimity that
the Lieut.-General would starve Richmond into
surrender by operating with his left on the pivot of
his position before Petersburg. But he found it
ne-
cessary or convenient to move on his right, and to
place his troops on both aides of the James River,
in the neighbourhood of Fort Darling, which is on
I the right bank, and within ten miles from Rich-
mond. It would seem that the task of Lee and
Beauregard must have been greatly simplified by
the change. From later accounts it appears that
Grant must have afterwards returned, with at least
a portion of his force, to his former position before
Petersburg; for he is stated to have successfully
assaulted a line of Confederate entrenchments at
that place, though the ultimate result of the en-
gagement, which was still pending, is not yet
known. It may possibly still his intention to
make his main attack on Richmond from the south,
but such a course would be by no means free from
risk. Fort Darling repelled M'Clellan's gunboats
in 1862 with little difficulty, and the river above is
defended by the Confederate rams. If Grant attempts .
to cut the Danville railway in the immediate neigh-
bourhood of Richmond he will expose his flank
and rear to the attacks of the garrison of Peters-
burg. The direct line of advance on the left bank of
James River, by Malvern and White Oak Swamp,
has already been considered and disapproved. Even
the correspondents and writers of the New York
papers will scarcely pledge themselves to a ninth
or tenth plan of campaign, after adopting all
Grant's previous combinations with enthusiastic ap-
proval. There is no reason to suppose that the de-
fences of Richmond have been neglected in the
direction of Malvern or Fort Darling ; but it is
not impossible that the garrison may have been
largely reduced by detachments to Northern Vir-
ginia, and perhaps to Georgia. If General Lee felt
himself safe in his fortifications at Richmond, he
might be glad to economise his stores by movements
which at the same time promised considerable mili-
tary advantage.

TILE" EXAMINER" ON THE HEALTH OF WATER.
ING PLACES.—Some of the watering places are very
much displeased, and not without reason, at the
figure they make in the Registrars General's tables
of mortality. And necessarily there is fallacy in
these accounts, for it is impossible to distinguish
the deaths of visitors from the deaths of residents ;
and the former swell the death-rate in some in-
stances very considerably, and at the same time
unduly as regards the question of salubrity. We
will take two extreme examples, Brighton and Bath,
which have the high death-rate of twenty in the
thousand. To compare that death-rate with the
death-rate of a rural district would be like compar-
ing the death-rate of a hospital with that of a pro-
portionate number of private houses, Brighton is
the great sea-side hospital of London. The ailing
and convalescent go to Brighton to get health and
strength, and the incurable go there for their last
chance, and to die. It is probably becahse the
place is so healthy that its death-rate is raised so
high by the mortality of its invalid visitors. It is
impossible to traverse the cliffs without seeing both
the health the air will give, and the stages of
diseases and decay which are past cure. Brighton
is, indeed, the incurable patient's forlorn hope.
The death-rate, which is swelled by this class, must
not be taken as the criterion of the ge-
neral sanitary condition ; and the same remark
applies to three other places which have the same
high rate, probably from the same cause—Ton-
bridge Wells, Buxton, and Malvern, all haunts of
invalids. Bath is another example, but not quite
of the same class. It is the refuge of the aged, and
balks death of many who have long passed the all'•
pointed threescore and ten. Dryden says of his
good parson—

Of sixty years he seemed and well might last
To sixty more, hut that he lived too fast.
A description which must not be understood in the
present sense of the phrase, as the model pastor
4( mad e almost a sin of abstinence," and lived too
fast in speeding to heaven. Neither this sort of
excess, nor any other, is to be seen in the folks who
well might last to a hundred in Bxtll; but we be-
lieve that temperate good living contributes much
to the extraordinary longevity of the place, and
uwhtre is marketing bitter and cheaper. But

the inevitable hour: must strike sooner
7 deat
the city of the aged has a correspondir4,
of averasde
And here let us suggest that a column °f
later, .an
ago would throw light on the death atee )lacesan
serve to distinguish from unhealthy piaci. s• )f
sought. for health and prolonging life. at ion
Wight has the lowest death rate in comp etie
for. all its other rates of the very highest. jf any
live too fast there it is in the way of Drydo 6 g
parson, but the abstinence is not indeed alrme.lt a 'let
Th,3 1 sl e.
but very much of a necessity, and to this, P Ps' e
the standard of health is referrible. No o tie sit
too long at table, and the tough meats and s tri
nttiy
.fowls make a case of repletion an utter iinf°
allay. We can imagine nothing more advise,
for the high liver than- a course of the Isle „.
Wight. It will fine him down better than ant
training, and lighten in person not less than 12
pocket, which is saying much indeed.
THE " LONDON REVIEW" ON THE CLOSE OF
DANISH WAIL—We have now before us the
official text of the preliminaries of peace con-
eluded between Austria and Prussia on tits one
hand and Denmark on the other. This adds little to
the information we had previously received thfouq:h
the medium of the telegraph. But undoubtedly teef
details do not in any degree soften the harsh e"
the substantial terms which have been exacted Jr. ta
the weaker. and defeated Power. The arrangeroeii,t
b. 37 which Denmark surrenders portions ofd utlanc!
oin•
in exchange for a so-called equivalent served
of Schleswig, is more disadvantageous to She
Northern Power than we bad hoped might Prnor
to be the case. Nor can there be any sa."
opinion. as to the determination which Austria
Prussia have. shown to exact the full pound of fiese;
from their victim, by stipulating that whatev,e.l
troops they may choose to retain in Jutland, tin i;i3
the signature of the final treaty of peace,
fed. and lodged at the expense of that unhappy Pr
•
'mice. It would only have been a little decent
after taking 89 mucn territory, they had ohovil
016
slight. amount of generosity in the matter of potteutc;
shillings, and pence. But magnanimity seemly,.
b e a virtue unknown at Berlin and Vienns•
the Gerll3o-._
ing robbed their enemy of his estate,
Powers are not satisfied until they have picked IT
pocket also. But it is no use to dwell upon th... 5
matter.. All is over so far as Denmark is concerned.;
The. interesting question remains as to them rder
which the spoils are to be appropriated. It is clew
enough from. the miserably abortive meeting held•
few. days since at Kiel, that Prussia is already 9.
ing to set on foot in Schleswig-Holstein move,
ment. for. the annexation of the Duchies to het the
dominions. But it is not surprising to fiod that
people of these provinces are by no means
by an ardent desire for such an arrangeraerit%ilee.
however, M. von Bismarck cannot obtain P„°P-nne
support. h. eis just the man to do without it. un `:
point it is understood that both he and the .Austri.aet
statesmen have made up their minds—that the P.lO,
shall have no voice in determining the destleatidis
of conquests which were made in its name. In
the
nary lite we should give a very hard namo pro-
conduct of an agent who obtained possession of
n 01Y
perty on behalf of his principal and thee ca be
appropriated it to his own use. But it NW.'
oasis
absurd to cast in the teeth of Austria and Fr on
penetrateif
reproaches founded on a breach of that comili3O
honesty which they discarded at a very early
.steror
of the recent transactions. We may take it for
granted. that they will do what seems best for
own interests, without regard to any considers
field
which are not supported by an army in the 11111,7
the et
pre
That Bavaria, Hanover, Saxony, and-
small States, which are now fretting, funiieg! Pti
.testing, and threatening all kinds of motions°. fright
Diet, will appeal to force in defence of
to a voice in disposing of the plunder of Denfaa
we do not for an instant believe. In spite of
.siegiv3;
talk and elaborate despatches their troops frowiln ta
fore long be civilly or uncivill ejected evei" wh at
Holstein, and then we may poyssibly be told.
Or It
Austria. and Prussia have decided upon"
suit those Powers to conceal their private, a.1,11„.6i1it le
ments for a time; and in that case We ue'; „,1 its
doubt that Europe, which has aimed)" °Tr' aticl
farthe. r,
on
forbearance so far, will carry it a little
inquiri es
abstain from making any unpleasant their mar
_
•
the subject. Nothing seems left for us but the eleire
Our ,only
cise of a rather inminious patience.
consolation must bed that England has (dread] ~d
this. unhappy business lost as much in character an
influence as she well can do.