The Sun.
London, England, 1852-06-25 00:00:00

EVENING, JUNE 254 1852.

of our' continental relations—a man who manifests day
by day his sympathy with the despots who are ranged
on one side in this great controversy—every move-
ment of foreign tyranny becomes of vital importance
to us in re lation to our own liberties. Already our honour
has bean put up to einction in the streets of Florence.
Already we have been insulted by the production in our
Parliam sat of the proposed French Extradition Bill, by
which Lord Malmesbury showed his willingness to let
England be made the eats-paw of the French usurper in
recovering obnoxious French citizens. The resistance of
our Peers had some substance in it, but too much smooth-
ness for such times. However, the Bill is withdrawn " for
the present," and we must be on the watch for its rein-
troduction. More serious still is our relation to the French
Government with regard to the liberty of our press.
With this Lord Malmesbury has, thus far, had no con-
cern, as far as is known, but that which he shares with
the members of the late Government—that of censuring
the out-speaking of our press about the conduct of
the dictator who is crushing France. But can he
be depended on for upholding our liberty of speech
in the conflict which Louis Napoleon has thought
fit to begin? If Lord John Russell and Earl Grey
exposed themselves to rebuke six months ago for
their low tone about the action of the press, is it to be
expected that a Malmesbury will take a higher stand
after a six months' confirmation of the usurper's power?
Tho representative of England in Paris has thus far
done well. Lord Cowley acted like a true Englishman
on the spot, and deserves ell commendation; and we
must look to it that he is not embarrassed by,
the head of his
.department acting like a French-
man at home. We shall presently be without
a Parliament. There will be an interval long or
abort, during which Lord Malmesbury may do an infinity
of mischief, if he be not given to understand distinctly
that the people of England will not be trifled with during
this interval; that they have no sympathy with foreign
despots, whatever he may have, and that every misre-
presentation of English ideas and feelings of which he
may be guilty, will be visited upon him as soon as their
representatives meet again. The worst of it is that the
man himself has no choice whether he shall serve us faith-
fully or not. It is not that he is acting in one way while
he is thinking in another—yielding to any supposed
necessity against his own convictions—it is that his
sympathies are, as far as ho has yet shown, with
the ruling powers abroad;—that ho does not under-
stand English liberties, nor share English feel-
ings, nor perceive the position that England will
choose to hold in any coming struggle for freedom
in Europe. The danger lies in the character of his mind.
We cannot change that. The thing that we can do
is to change the man. This it is that the people will
look to, while wo are without a Parliament. Lord
Malmesbury will be doing what he will in the Foreign-
office; the people must be doing what they will in the
elections; and their will must be to put a true English-
man into Lord Malmesbury's place. There is a time
coming—the time of the next European struggle—when
our island may be—with all the sins and woes that lie
within it—a sort of island of the blest in the midst of a
hemisphere swept with storms; an open air, where men
may still think, and say.what they think, of virtue and
vice, in high places and in low; a solitary kingdom
where monarch and people may understand and love
each other; a lofty platform, where the national honour
so shines amidst the surrounding gloom, that any sha-
dow allowed to pass over it would be an eclipse to the
nations. If such a day should be coming, we cannot
look too soon to the soundness of our State, nor pro-
vide too vigilantly for its integrity. If such a day
should come, we shall hardly choose to have a Malmes-
bury for the watchman on our tower.

ADDITIONAL MATHER, PAPER.

THE HUN. P. C. SCARLETT TO THE EARL OF MALMESBURY,

(Received June 19.)
Florence, Juno 11, 1852.

My Lord,—l have just read Mr. Mather's letter to
your Lordship, published in the newspapers, in which
he alleges that the suggestion of a money compensation
came from the Legation. Such a suggestion was never
made by me or by my authority, or with my knowledge
or consent, nor have I any reason to believe that any
suggestion of the sort was made by any person attached
to or connected with the Legation, nor do I know by
whom it was made, if it was made. I beg also to take
this opportunity of remarking, that it appears by my
dispatches, that Mr. Mather, in the presence of two gen-
tlemen whom I sent to him, Lord Frederic Kerr and Sir
John Orde, declined to receive any apology. It is
certain that the officer who struck Mr. Ma-
ther with his sword was ready, in consequence of my
request made to the Austrian Envoy, with the
sauction and by the command of the Commander-in-
Chief of the Austrian army, Prince de Lichetnsteiu, to
express his regret at having done so, whilst under the
apprehensiontuatMr. Mather intended to assault him.
Your Lardsnip will also remember that the officer with
whom Prince de Lichtenstein considered the fray to have
begun, and who first struck Mr. Mather, was punished
by being put under arrest and strongly reprimanded.
The private honour of Mr. blather, which was in some
degree identified with that of the public, would thus
have received the fullest atonement that any gentleman
could require. It was in consequence of Mr. blather's
repudiation of all apology that I called for an inquiry,
which I understood to be Mr. Mather's expressed desire
to the English gentlemen above-mentioned. This course
I thought expedient, upon the farther ground that be-
tides bringing to light what really happened in the
scuffle, it would give time to the British Government to
consider the proper course to be pursued. I did all I
could to forward the inquiry, and I also recommended
an advocate of the highest reputation, and offered,
in my public capacity, to defray the expense of
the proceeding. I take upon myself the entire respon-
sibility of accepting 1,000 francesconi by way of da-
mages. My reasons for thus deviating from your
Lordship's instructions, by which I was to obtain at
least 5001., are that having repeatedly demanded this
latter sum I was unable to obtain any more than 1,000
francesconi, which was at length offered by the Tuscan
Government. If I had persisted in demanding more it
is certain that they would have persisted in their pro-
test against all liability; and under the present peculiar
circumstances of the Tuscan Government, I felt that her
Majesty's Government could not, consistently with ge-
nerosity and justice and the truth of the facts, insist on
her liability as an independent power. If I am mistaken
in this view, I can only express my regret that I did not
leave this matter to be settled by another hand; but I
hope I may be forgiven the expression
.of my doubt
whether any negotiator could have obtained a larger
compensation in the shape of money from the Tuscan
Government without very serious extremities.
I have, &C.,
P. CAMPBELL SCARLET%

(Signed)

HEALTH OF LONDONDUI?ING THE WEEK.
(From the Register-Generals Report.)
The number of deaths registered in the metropolitan
districts in the week ending last Saturday is nearly the
same as in the preceding week, and amounts to 903. In
the ten weeks corresponding to last week of the years
1842.1851 the average number was 880 a which, with a
correction for increase of population, becomes 968. The
mortality now returned is, therefore, less than the esti-
mated amount by 65.
The mortality produced by diseases of the respiratory
organs last week was 104, and is near the usual amount
for this season of the year. Epidemics were fatal
in the preceding week in 209 cases, and last week in
196, a decrease which would be somewhat more marked,
a complaint which may be expected,
but for diarrhcea,
with the approach of the summer months, to become
prevalent. Smallpox destroyed 28 children under 15
years, and 7 adults, a mortality double the average of
corresponding weeks; in five cases, two of which occurred
at the ages of 22 and 32 years, it is stated that vaccina-
tion had been previously performed. The fatal cases of
scarlatina amount to 41.
Two deaths ascribed to English cholera were regis-
tered in the week; the following are the cases indetail:—
On 16th June, at 1, Shrubland-grove, Dalston, a spin-
ster. aged 47 years, died of " English cholera (3 days)."
On 14th June, at 39, Willow-street, St. Leonard's, Shore-
ditch, a shoemaker, timed 27 years, died of "English
cholera (7 days)." Mr. Yarrow reports that " this man
lived in a small room with his family, which consisted of
his wife and three children; he had been suffering for
some time from diseased liver and diarrhcea."
Four deaths occurred in the Small-pox Hospital.
In the Tottenham-court sub-district of Pancras, at 5,
Cumberland-court, on 17th June, the daughter of a
shoemaker, aged 15 months, died of " scarlatina (10
days), bronchitis (4 days)." Mr. Nodes, the deputy-
registrar, mentions that " scarlatina is raging in this
court, which appears to be almost without ventilation."
On 12th June, a labourer, aged 21 years, who had
been brought from Red Lion-court, Kingaland-road, died
in Shoreditch Workhouse of phthisis. Mr. Bowring
adds:—" Red Lion-court contains 15 or 16 houses,
which consist some of four, others of five rooms; each
room is occupied by a separate family; the inhabitants
are mostly eostermongers; the place is filthy in the ex-
treme, close, over-crowded, and without drainage."
At 24, Crown-court, Aldgate, on 15th June, a female
pensioner on the Hugh Humpstead Gift, died at the ad-
vanced age of 98 years. Mr. Harris states that "she
enjoyed 101. per annum for the last 32 years from this
charity of 10,0001. (left to the parish for the benefit of
six blind persons and widows), which had been in the
Court of Chancery for 40 years."
Mr. Baddely, registrar of Mile-end Old Town, upper
part, registered 22 births and only 3 deaths in the week.
Ho says, " The decrease in my return of deaths at this
season is worthy of observation; it shows an improvement
in the health of this sub-district, notwithstanding a sea-
son apparently unfavourable. From the 11th to the 16th
Inst. I had not a death to register, and for the whole week
only 3, a number at least three-fourths less than the
average. At the same time the births show an increase."
On 10th May, at 14, Pancras-place, Camden-town, a
writer and schoolmaster, aged 51 years, died of "effusion
of serum on the brain, from exhaustion caused by dis-
ease of the lungs and want of food." Post mortem. In-
quest. A man and a woman died of intemperance.
Throe children were registered who had died from suffo-
cation in bed.

STATE OF THE WEATHER DURING THE PAST WEEK.
SUNDAY.—The sky was covered with cloud throughout
the day; cumuli, cirrocumuli, and cirrostrati. There were
occasional showers. Electricity—Nothing was shown at any
examination.
MONDAY.—Three-fourths of the sky were covered till the
evening, and overcast at night; cumuli, cumulostrati, and
nimbi. Heavy showers of rain. Electricity—Positive, and
very active during the time of rain failing; sparks and gal-
vanic currents were shown.
TUESDAY.—The clouds were occasionally broken during
morning, otherwise the sky was covered with cloud through-
out the day; cirrocumuli, cirrostrati, and scud, Showers of
rain. Electricity—Positive, and very active during the time
of rain falling; sparks and galvanic currents were shown.
WEnNEsna,y.—The sky was covered with cloud through-
out the day; cirrocumuli, cirrostrati, and scud. Slight
showers of rain. Electricity—Nothing was shown. .se
THURSDAY.—The clouds were broken at noon, otherwi
the Nky was covered With status, cirrostratus, aact Wes