The Sun.
London, England, 1864-03-23 00:00:00

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THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNE DAY EVENING, MARCH 23, 1864.

Cheap Edition, 1 vol., with Portrait, 6s. bound,

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per character of Divine revelation and of the faith.
We know, also venerable brother, that among the
Catholics devoted to the study of the higher sciences
there were some who, reckoning too much on the
strength of the human mind, have not allowed them-
selves to be stopped by the fear of encountering
error, and who, while wishing for science a deceit-
ful and scarcaly sincere liberty, have been carried
beyond the limits which may not be crossed, at
least to the renouncing of the obedience due to the
Divine authority which the Church has received to
teach, and to preserve intact the who le deposit of
revealed truth. Whence it has happened that these
Catholics, dupes of unhappy illusions, often find
themselves in agreement with those who declaim
against the decrees of this apostolic see and cf our
congregations, saying that those deerees are an
obstacle to the free progress of science, and thus
exposing themselves to break the sacred ties of
obedience which, in the order of the Divine will,
ought to attach them to that same apostolic see,
see, instituted by God Himself to be the interpreter
and defender of the truth. We were not ignorant
either that in Germany had prevailed false preju-
dices against the ancient school, and against the
doctrine of the great doctors whom the Universal
Church reveres for their admirable wisdom and the
holiness of their lives. That false opinion has even
attacked the authority of the Church, since it is the
Church herself which, during so many successive
ages, not only permitted the cultivation of theologi-
cal science according to the method of those doc•
tors, and according to the principles consecrated by
the unanimous accord of all the Catholic schools,
but has also very often bestowed the greatest praises
upon their theological science, and has strongly re-
commended it as offering the best means of defend-
ing the faith, and the most terrible weapons against
its enemies.

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The very important duty of our supreme apostolic
ministry, and special love with which we embrace
all the Catholics of Germany, a very dear part of
the Lord's flock, solicited and drew our mind
towards all these thoughts, when it was preoccu-
pied with so many cares. Moreover, having re-
ceived the intelligence of the projected Congress,
we were anxious that the matters explained above
should be signed to you. When it had been
briefly reported to us that, yielding to the en-
treaties of the authors of that Congress, you had
accorded, venerable brother, authority to hold it that
you had solemnly inaugurated it by the celebration
of the holy mysteries, that:consultations had there
taken place in such a manner as not to deviate it
from the doctrine of the Catholic Church ; when
by the same missive the members of that Congress
implored our apostolic benediction, we yielded with-
out any delay to our pious wishes. However, we
waited with the greatest anxiety your letters, that
we might learn from yourself, venerable brother,
and in the greatest detail, all that could be reported
respecting this Congress. Now that we have re-
ceived from you what we desired so ardently, we
hope that, with God's aid, this assembly, as you as-
sure us, will be of great service in Germany for the
Catholic Church. In fact, all the members of this
Congress, you write, have proclaimed that the pro-
gress of the sciences, and the means of avoiding and
refuting the very unfortunate errors of our age, en-
tirely depend on an intimate adhesion to the re-
vealed truths taught by the Catholic Church; they
have recognised and professed this truth, which
true Catholics, devoted to the study and develop-
ment of the sciences, have always kept up and
transmitted. Resting upon this truth, learned men
true Catholics have been able to cultivate the
sciences without peril, to labour in their develop-
ment and to aender them useful and certain. But
this result could not be obtained if, even in the
search of truths which it can obtain by its faculties
and its own strength, the light of human reason,
circumscribed in its limiti, did not above all respect
as it ought to do the infallible and untreated light
of the Divine intelligence which burns admirably
on every side in the Christian revelation. Although,
in fact, the natural sciences rest upon their own
principles, ascertained by reason, it is necessary
that Catholics who cultivate them have always
before their eyes Divine revelation, as a star:which
guides them, and whose light aids them in preserv-
ing themselves from dangers and errors when in
their researches and studies they perceive that they
may allow themselves to be led, as very often hap-
pens, to utter words more or less contrary to the in-
fallible truth of things which have been revealed
by God. We do not wish to doubt that the members
of the congress, knowing and professing the truth of
what we have reminded them, have at the same time
wished to reject and fully reprobate that recent
and false method of philosophy which, while admit-

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Pope Pius on the Study of Science.

TO OUR VENERABLE FATHER GREGORY, ARCH*
BISHOP OF MUNICH AND OF FRISINGUE.
PIUS THE NINTH, POPE.
Venerable Brother, health and apostolic bene-
diction !—We have received with pleasure your
letter dated the 7th. of October last, a letter by
which you inform us what passed'in the Congress
at Munich in the ,preceding month of September,
among some theologians and learned Catholics of
Germany, who were occupied with divers questions
relating principally to the teaching of theology and
of philosophy, The letter which, by our order was
written to you by our venerab'e brother Mathieu,
Archbishop of Neocesaree, and Nuncio of the Apos-
tolic See of the Court of Bavaria, has already
apprised you, venerable brother, with what senti-
ments we had received the first news of the pro-
jected Congress, and afterwards learnt how the said
theologians and other Catholics had been invited to
and assembled at that Congress. We certainly did
not wish to dcubt the praiseworthy end which then
authors and abettors of the assembly proposed to
themselves. Doubtless, they expected from the
Congress of so many Catholics, remarkable for their
science, from their common deliberations and the
pulse would be given to
true science in the Catholic Church in Germany,
united forces, that a new impulse
and hoped that it would thus be avenged and de-
fended against the opinions and the perverse and
very pernicious efforts of so many adversaries.. But
placed, though unworthy, in the sublime chair of
the Prince of the Apostles, in times so difficult, when
the authority of the bishops is more necessary than
ever to secure the unity and integrity of the Catholic
doctrine, and when it is important to preserve it in
all its force, we could not help being extraordinarily
astonished at seeing the Convocation of the above
mentioned Congress made end published in the
name of some individuals in such a manner that
nothing is to be found which came from the impul-
sion, from the authority, and from the mission of
the ecclesiastical power, to which alone it belongs,
by proper and natural right to watch over and
direct doctrine, particularly in matters relating to
theological questions. Certainly this is a thing,
and you know it, quite new, and altogether
unusual in the Church.
This is the reason, venerable brother, why we
have wished to make you acquainted with our senti-
ments, in order that you and your venerable
brothers, the bishops of Germany, may exactly judge
whether the end indicated in the programme of the
Congress was of a nature to prove useful to the
Church. We were at the same time certain, vener-
ablefrom being occa-
sioned to the integrity of
brother, that in your pastoral solicitude you
would employ all the counsels and the efforts of
ysioounredzeianl
thisto prevent
Congress,
whether
the faith and the Catholic dectrine, or to the full
obedience which Catholics of every order and of
every condition owe to the authority of the Church,
and the mission which she has received to teach.
For the rest we cannot conceal that we have suf-
fered considerable uneasiness ; for we fear lest the
aiaosuti tca an l authority,attaok
on the right
of this Congress, assembled without eccle-
sPiritual government
and of legitimate teaching, which, in virtue of the
Divine institution, belongs of right to the Roman
Pontiff and to the bishops who are in union and in
accord with the successor of St. Peter, and that by
raayi
Servet of
s by degrees to bring
reason of this trouble thus introdgh
b
uced into the go-
vernment of the Church the principle of unity and
of obedience in matters of faith may one day be
weakened among many. We feared also that in the
same Congress there might come to be uttered and
sustained opinions and systems which, especially by
the publicity which would be given to them, might
place in peril the purity of Catholic doctrine and
the duty of submission. For we recalled with pro.
found grief, venerable brother, that the Apostolic
See, in order to fulfil the heavy duty which is im-
posed On it, has been compelled in late times to
censure and to interdict the works of some German
writers, who, knowing not how to separate them-
selves from a certain principle or method of a false
science, or from the deceitful philosophy of the day,
have been led without wishing it, as we delight to
think, to propound and teact doctrines which
depart from the true sense and the legitimate in-
terpretation of many dogmas of our holy faith. It
is thus that they have revised errors already
condemned by the Church, and have explained,
in a Pease entirely Wee, the nature and the pro!

ting Divine revelation as an historical fact, sub-
mits to the investigation of human reason ineffable
truths taught by that same revelation, as if these
truths arose from reason, or as if reason, by its own
strength and its natural principles, could acquire
the knowledge and the science of all the super-
natural truths of our holy faith, and of mysteries
which are so much above it, that it can never become
capable of understanding them, or of demonstrating
them by its own forces and in virtue of its natural
principles.
We address eulogies that are deserved to this
assembly, because, rejecting, as we expected it, that
false distinction between philosopher and philosophy
of which we have spoken in our previous letters,
they have recognised and affirmed that all Catholics
in their writings are held in conscience to obey the
dogmatic decrees of the Catholic Church, which is
infallible. In giving them praises which are their
due for having confessed a truth which necessarily
results from the obligation of professing the Catholic
faith, we wish to persuade ourselves that they have
not intended to restrict this duty of submission, by
which Catholic professors and writers are strictly
bound, to the sole points defined by the infallible
judgment of the Church as dogmas of faith which
all ought to believe. And we persuade ourselves
that they have not wished to declare that this per-
fect adhesion to revealed truths which they have
recognised as altogether necessary to the progress of
the sciences and the refutation of errors could be
obtained if faith and obedience were only granted
dogmas expressly defined by the Church.
Even
hen the submission due to the Divine faith
the
only question, they could not restrict it to the
to
iso t
he w
sole points defined by express decrees of oecumenical
councils or Roman pontiffs and of this apostolic see ;
it would be necessary further to extend it to all
which is transmitted as divinely revealed by the
ordinary body of instruction of the whole Church
dispersed over the universe, and which, for this
reason, Catholic theologians,
.with universal and
constant consent, regard as belonging to faith.
But as the question is of the submission which
is due in conscience from all those Catholics
who give themselves to the study of the specu-
lative sciences in order to procure to the
Church new advantages by their writings, the
members of the congress ought to recognise
that it is not sufficient for Catholic sevens to accept
and respect the dogmas of the Church of which we
come to speak, and that they ought also to submit
themselves both to the doctrinal decisions which
emanate from pontifical congregations, and to the
points of doctrine which by common and constant
consent are held in the Church as truths, and as
certain theological conclusions, and that the oppo-
site opinions, although they cannot be qualified as
heretical, merit, nevertheless, some other theological
censure. We do not think that those who took part
in the congress at Munich were able or wished in
any way to contradict the doctrine above stated, a
doctrine which proceeds from true principles, and
which is that of the Church ; we prefer, on the
contrary, to hope that in devoting themselves to the
culture of the most elevated sciences they had at
heart to conform to this doctrine, and to take it for
their guide. That which specially causes our eon-
! fidence, venerable brother, are the letters which
have come to no through you; for we have seen in

gay„, -

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them with extreme consolation the assurance that
in calling the congress together they never had the
intention of attributing to themselves the least part
of the authority which belongs entirely to the
Church ; and at the same time they tell us that they
could not dissolve the congress without having pre-
viously protested the respect, obedience, and filial
piety which they have for us and for the see of
Peter, the centre of the Catholic unity. Since these
are the sentiments with which they recognise our
supreme authority and the power of the apostolical
see—since at the same time they understood the
gravity of the truth which our Lord Jesus Christ
himself imposed upon us of governing and directing
His whole Church, of feeding His whole flock in the
paeturages of holy doctrine, and of continually
watching lest the holy faith and His doctrine should
receive the slightest injary—we cannot doubt that
in devoting themselves to the study and to the
teaching of the higher sciences and to the defence
of holy doctrine, they also recognise that it is a duty
for them to religiously follow the rules constantly
observed in the Church, and to obey all the decrees
which have been given on matters of doctrine by
our supreme Pontifical authority.
_ _

:6T--"E-ii2--"lle.e •Th,.,.,
/j4Z-. ,
___.4r_er...../..z...r,
4.41:1:74.;
o`,
of.: •.,ti;
:o the Geyser ; Edward W. GJldson, assis.
c,
mas.ter, to the Duke of Wellington ; Ehencz, .:
v
Nicholson and Thomas .I\larz,h, assist..paymaste ,
to the 13ombo ; Arthur Hodson, cirri, to the 133kM.
bay ; Frank M. Burney, assist. clerk, to the For-
midable; George M. Jackson and F. H. Trollops,
assist-. clerks, to the Bombay.
Rear-Admiral John Needham Taylor, C. 8., died
at his residence at Brixton, on the 18th inst., in his
78th year. This distinguished officer entered the
navy in 1796, on board the Royal George, and was
present in the following year in the mutiny at Spit-
head, removing next to the Huron, the ship in at-
tendance upon the Royal family et Weymouth:
Atter assisting in various captures, he attained the
rank of lieutenant in April, 1802, and was appointed
to the Leopard, in which he served off Boulogne at
the time of the threatened invasion. In 1801 he
took part in the Catamaran expedition, The Leo-
pard afterwards sailed with six Indiamen to convey
to the southward of the Cape Verd Islands, and
during the passage one of them struck upon a rocky
reef near St. Jago, when, by Lieut. Tayler's noble
exertions in the Leopard's cutter, 30 lives were
saved, notwithstand'.ng e. tremendous sea that was
breaking over the ship. In the Maida frigate Lieut.
Tayler accompanied the expedition to Copenhagen,
during the siege of which place he landed in com-
mand of a party of seamen, and was employed
in a baeaching battery. He subsEquently served
in the Maida, Spencer, and Heroine. On the
27th of August, 1810, he was promoted to the
command of the Sparrow, of 16 guns, and soon after-
wards distinguished himself by a series of gallant
and important services, surveying the different har-
bours and ascertaining the strength of the French
garrisons along the Biscayan shore. In the opera-
tions against St. Sebastian in 1812, he erected a
battery on Lighthouse-hill, an enterprise of the
greatest difficulty. On the 24th of July, Captain
Tayler, by the barsting of a shell, was dreadfully _
injured, and was sent home to England. More than
two years elapsed before his wounds were healed.
As some reward for his services and sufferings he
was allowed a pension of £2OO per annum, and
gazetted a C.B. on the Sth of December, 1815. He
was also voted the sum of £lOO by the Patriotic
Society, and was presented by the Corporation of
Devizes with the freedom of that borough. He was
promoted to post rank on the 16th of August, 1813,
and accepted the rank of Rear-Admiral on the Ist
of October, 1846. Admiral Tayler wi'l be remem•
bered, not only for his services, but on account of
the improvements he introduced in gunnery and his
floating breakwaters, beacons, &c.

We make all these communications to you,
strongly desiring that you should bring them to the
knowledge of all those who assisted at the Con-
gress ; but, nevertheless, if it appears to us that
there is cause for it, we shall not fail to gite ample
instructions upon the subject to you and to our
venerable brothers the Bishops of Germany, when
we know your views and theirs upon the fitness of
these kinds of Congress. Finally, we once more
very urgently appeal to your solicitude and pastoral
vigilance, that in concert with our venerable brothers
the other bishops of Germany, you cease not to con-
secrate all your care and thoughts on the defence
and propagation of holy doctrine. Do not fail to
impress upon all the necessity of carefully avoiding
profane novelties, and of not allowing themselves to
be seduced by those who unceasingly vaunt the false
liberty of science, and who extol, not only its true
progress, but also the errors which they impudently
please to decorate with that name. Do not cease
with zeal and ardour to address to all your exhor-
tations that they use their energies and efforts in
acquiring true Christian and catholic wisdom, and
that they hold in great esteem, as is right, the truths
and the solid progress of science which have been
realised in catholic schools in following the direc-
tions and teachings of our holy and divine faith ;
that in the study of the theolog;cal sciences espe-
cially they attach themselves to the firm principles
and doctrines upon which the wise and learned
teachers, who have acquired immortal glory in ren-
dering brilliant and real services to the Church and
to science, unanimously relied. It is in this way,
assuredly, that in cultivating the sciences, Catholics
can, with the aid of God, know, develop, and make
known more day by day, as much as it is given to
man to do, the treasure of the truths which God has
put in the works of Nature and of Grace, so that
man, after having known them by the light of
reason and of faith, and having carefully conformed
his life to them may contemplate unveiled and in
the clearness of the eternal glory, the sovereign
troth, that is to say, God, and enjoy Him for ever
in the plenitude of eternal happiness.
It is with much joy that we avail ourselves of
this opportunity to renew the assurance of our
peculiar affection for you. Receive the pledge of
it in the apostolical benediction which we give to
you in its fulness, venerable brother, and to the
flock confided to your cars.
Given at Rome, at St, Peter, December 21, of the
year 1863, the eighteenth of our Pontifical,

PIUS IX., POPE.

Naval and Military Intelligence.

THE NAVY.

The work of completing the iron-cased frigate
Achilles, 1,250 horse power, fitting for sea in
Chatham harbour, proceeds as rapidly as circume
stances will permit, but there is still work remain-
ing to ho completed on board which will occupy
several months before she will be anything like
ready to prcceed on her maiden cruise. A consi-
derable delay has taken place in fitting the plates
and tramways for the guns on the main deck, in
consequence of the armament for the Achilles having
been altered from that originally intended, necessi-
tating the return of most of the gun plates and curb-
ing to the Royal Arsenal for alteration. After vari-
ous changes, the armament for the Achilles has been
at length definitively decided upon, and she is now
intended to be supplied exclusively with the
new 100 pounder smooth-bore wrought-iron guns,
20 of 'which she will mount on her main deck. At
present this is the only portion of her armament
decided upon, but it is probable that she will carry
in addition one, if not two, of the 300-pounder Arm-
strongs. From the demand now made on the Royal
Gun Factory for the supply of the new naval 100-
pounder it is stated at Chatham that the summer
will be very far advanced before the Achilles can
receive her armament and be ready for sea.
The ships of war on the Australian station at the
date of the last advices were the Harrier, 17, Capt.
Sullivan; the Miranda, 14, Capt. Jenkins; the
Eclipse, 4, Capt. Mayne ; the Curacoa, 23, Com-
mander Wiseman ; and the Esk, 21, Capt. Hamil-
ton. All these vessels were at New Zealand.
An Admiralty order has been received at Chat-
ham Dockyard in which it was announced that,
with the view of adopting more efficient measures
for the better working of the labour department of
the dockyard, the whole of the junior officers and
workmen who are not in every respect efficient for
the discharge of their duty at the age of 60 are to
be superannuated. Under all circumstances, retire-
ment at the age of 65 is in future to be compulsory.
Under this arrangement the number of hands will
be reduced to that under the order in Council. A
return is to be forthwith prepared of the names of
such of the officers and workmen who are not effi-
cient and capable of discharging their duty.
One hundred mechanics and labourers belonging
to the royal carriage department in Woolwich
Arsenal have this week received notice of dismissal,
thus reducing the establishment to 1,600 men. The
whole of the departments will be closed on Good
Friday and the following Saturday, the work of
Saturday to be made up by overtime, which com-
menced yesterday. Each of the departments in the
Arsenal will cease work consecutively two days each
during Easter week to take stock, for the accounts
at the approaching termination of the financial year.

The general survey of the stores at Chatham Duck-
yard, in accordance, with the new arrangements
sanctioned by the Admiralty, will commence on
April 1 under the superintendence of the officials
from the Storekeeper-General's department.
Their Excellencies Rainandraindraina and Raini-
feringia, on a special mission to this country from
Madagascar, yesterday visited Woolwich and in-
spected the various ships under construction and re-
pair in the dockyard. They were provided with a
special order from the Admiralty for that purpose,
as well as a War Department permit for the
arsenal, whither they were accompanied by Com-
mander Lysaght, of the flagship Fisgard. They,
firat visited the laboratory and carriage depart-
ments, and proceeded thence on board the Turkish
Imperial yacht, where they spent about half an
hour, and closed their visit to the Royal Arsenal by
a lengthened inspection of the gun factories, in
which they appeared to take great interest. They
made, however, very few remarks.
The following appointments were made yesterday
at the Admiralty :—Commander W. Arthur, to the
Excellent; Lieut. C. J. Brownrin, to be Flag
Lieutenant to Vice-Admiral Sir C. Talbot, K.C.8.,
Commander-in-Chief at Sheerness; Lieut. James
Buchanan and Lieut. H. J. Carr, to the Bombay ;
Sub-Lieut. R. B. Wilkinson, to the Prince Consort ;
Stuart Watson, paymaster, additional, to the St.
George; James D. Gilpin, paymaster, to the Bom-
bay; WAlrasley A. Dangerfield, assist,-paymaster,