The Sun.
London, England, 1852-08-10 00:00:00

______
.
I - ..., ~ • j., wag . .
.
~ 1 U
~ .
101 1852.
LONDON, TUESDAY :r.
r - '44
~. }e -,0 ..t f
.R Far 4 - rif.
~,,, . Af.,
i ..- .... : v"• 4 ' '' " '
... _ ,
........4...................„....„,_ AUG UST

N° . 18,685.]

PENING of the STOUR. VALLEY RAIL-
,.
'‘VAI".—CIREAI' REDUCTION of FAMES from LONDON
to CHESTER.anoI LIVERPOOL, via SHREWSBURY.
NOTlCE.—is4engers fromiondon I. Chester and Liverpool, by
taking tickets at "uston 'tation, to Birmingham only, will effect the
i &lowing imnortant saving:— .
.....

Through Tickets from London to Chester and Liverpool will cost—
Express. Ist Cl. 2d Cl.
From London to Che5ter.......... 40s. 6d. 335. Od. 245. Od.
„ London to Liverp001........ 458. Od. 375. Od. 275. Od.
REDUC ..D FARES.
London to Cheater.
London to Birmingham •... 255. Od. 20s, Od. 15s. Od.
Birmingham to Wolverhampton
(Stour Valley Railway) ........ Is. 6d. Is. 6d. Os. 9d.
From Wolverhampton to Chaster

(Shrew;•sbury Lines) .6s. Od. 6s. Od. 4s. 6d.

325. 6cl. 275. 6d. 20s. 3d.
As against...:.. 40s. 6d. 335. Od. 245. Od.

Showing a 5aving............ Bs. Od.
London to Liverpool.
London to Birmingham .......... 25s
Birminghast to Wolverhampton
(Stour Valley Railway)
Wolverhampton•to Birkenhead and
Liverpool

ss. 6d.

3s. 9d,

Od. 20s. Od. 15s. Od.

As against.... 455-.

ENGLAND anti IRELAND via HOLYHEAD.
GREAT, REDUCTION OF FARES.
•
NOTlCE.—Passengers from Dublin to Wolverhampton, Birming-
ham, irtd London, are informed that the following savings will be
effected by tisking their tickets to Chesterpnly. A..tlyOugis Tieket
taken in Dublin td• Kingstown will cost :-
Ist Class. 2d Class.
To Wolverhampton ...... ...... , 31s. .. 275.
To Birmingham . ................. 40s. .. 30s.
To London .......... 60s. .. 40s.
By booking to Chester, they will en their arrival be able to re-
book by the Shrewsbury Lines (the latter passing through some of
the finest scenery in North Wales and Shropshire), at the Reduced
Fares, Viz.:-

DUBLIN TO WOLVERHAMPTON.
First Class.

Dublin or Kingstown to Chester, 205., Chester to Wolverhampton 6s.

• 265. against 355.
Second Class.
Dublin or Kingstown to Chester, lbs., Chester to Wolverhampton,

als. 6d.
19s. 6d. against 275.
Thereby shoring a saving of 9s. Ist class, and 7s. 6d. 2d class.
DUBLIN TO BIR~SINGITAM.
First Class.

Dublin or Kingstown to Chester, 205., Chester to Birmingham, 7s. Gd

•
275. 6d. against 40s.
Second Class.

Dublin or Kingstown to Chester, 155., Chester to Birmingham, ss. 3d.
gOs. 3d. against 30s.
Showing a saving of 12s. 6d. Ist class, and 9s. 9d. 2d class.
DUBLIN TO LOND)N.
First Class.
Dublin or Kingstown to Chester, 20s.

Chester to Birmingham, 7s. 6d., Birmingham to London, 209.
475. Gd. against 60s.
Second Class. • •
Dublin or Kingstown to Chester, 15s

Chester to Birmingham, ss. 3d., Birmingham to London, 151.
355. 3d. against 40s.
Ehowing a saving of 12s. 6d. Ist class, and 4s. 9d. 2d class.
By order,
DUDLEY PARSONS, Traffic Manager
to the Shrewsbury Companies Through Traffic Committee.
Dublin, July, 1852.
The interference with the Monopoly of the Chester and Liverpool
traffic which the London and North-Western Company have so long
enjoyed, has led that Company to publish a " Caution to Travellers,"
for which there is no justification. A single trial will suffice to show
that the above important savings can be effected, and the journey
per'orrued over the Shrewsbury Lines with the greatest convenience.

GRAVESEND STAR PACKETS.
Fore Cabiu. Saloon.
ro or from Gravesend and L0ud0n........ • . 10d. . is. 2d.
' , Gravesend and Illackwall and Woolwich Bd. .. • • Os. 10d.
Between Gravesend and Intermediate Piers.. 6d. .... Os. Bd.
No other Packets call at the Gray's, Greenhithe, and Purneet Piers.
Me Packets call at the Piers as underlined (weather permitting).

,tme.

t 9
11%
• 1%
11%

FROM TERRACE PIER, GRAVESEND.

WEER DAYS.

Thus.

8%
11%
5
6%
7
7%

SITNDAYB.

Direct Trains from the Boats marked t
Omnibuses from Fenchurch-street Station to all parts of LoadOS
quarter of an hour.
FROM BRUNSWICK wraARF, BLACIEWALL, on the arrival of
ate rollowing rains from the Fenchurch•street Station:*

WEEK DAYS. SUNDAYS.
.1 Q ! 0 2 i
.9
.E.
Time. 8-, al 'N. ~
4 3 '43' 1 8 2rd a
r g
0 1
-- —.......—.
..-- A\ -..—.. -.:.—: --• _ , -- ____, *.... ____
9.‘ , -- —9% .....
io% IG75_ ...._
11. - 11
_ _
__
um
4 14 —.
*6% —
.
—6% —-1 .....

Massages marked * are run direct.
BOAT TICKETS.—TweIve Months, 51.05. ; Six Months, 81.
Three Months, V. Os.: to be had of the Collectors on boar
packets; or Mr. Monk, Terrace Pier, Gravesend.
July 8, 1852.

Os.;
the

PATRON—H. R. H. PRINCE ALBERT.
OYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
LECTURES.
LB,
By J. IL Pepper, Esq., on Testing Gold, and on the Australian Gold
Districts ; and also on the Alleged Adulteration of the Burton Bitter
Ale with Strychnine.
By Dr. Bachhoffner on the Patent Polytechnic Gas Fire ; and on
the Mode of Preserving Fresh Provisions, illustrated by Specimens
from Messrs. Ritchie and M'Call, and Samples of Fadeuihe's and
Moore's Solidified Preserved Milk. _

By Mr. Crispe, on Morrall's Patent Needles.
By George Buckland, Esq., on Music, illustrated by Patriotic and
Old English Songs, assisted by Miss Blanche Younge, R.A. of
Music.

New Series of Dissolving Views. --Exhibition of the Microscope, &c.
k4mission, Is. ; -Actionls and Children under Ten years of age,
Half-price. For flours, see Programme._

Superb Specimens of Patent Silvered Glass

ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF MULRIAGE, AND THE SECRET
WITIHNFFIITTYIi FIESOF
COLOUREDYOUTEINI AND
ENGRAVINGS GA Ts UORNI Tsl; .E E
L.
In French, English, German, Dutch, Spanish, and Italian, in a
GR
Sealed Envelope. 2s. fid., or post-free, (Jr Forty-two Stamps,
SELF-pE,ESERVATION; an
Analytical Investigation of the Physiology and Functions of
Marriage, in all the bearings in which that important subject affects
the health and happines of Man, withits Disqualifications and Impe-
diments, tracing their origin to the effects ofjuvenile solitary habits,
youthtul excess, tronical ciimazes, or close study ; followed by prac-
tical remarks, founded on twenty years' experience in the treatment
of Impuissance, Nervous Debility, Local Weakness, Spermatorrhcea,
Syphilis, and all diseases of the Urinary and Generative System. Il-
lustrated by 50 coloured Engravings, on the Anatomy of the Repro-
ductive Organs and their relative conditions in Health and Disease.
By SAMUEL LA'MERT,
37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated Member of the University of Ea,.
burgh, Honorary Member of the Loudon Hospital Medical Society,
Licentiate of Apothecaries Hall, London,

The essential object of this treatise is to point out the fearful
consequences resulting from irregularities and excesses, which
have produced more misery in Youth, degradation in
other class of disease known to modern pathologists. The treatment
Man-
hood, and premature decay at all stages of life, than, perhaps, any
adopted is founded on experience gained in the most celebrated
schools of medicine both in this country and in continental Europe.
The results of the knowledge thus acquired are here condeused under
the personal supervision of Dr. La'Mert, himself one of the few
legally qualified physicians who have devoted their whole and un-
divided studies to this important branch of medical science. In short,
every peculiarity relating to the treatment of the diseases incidental
to the system, and the means of immediate relief and
ultimate cure are described in detail. The professional reputation
of Dr. La'Mert, who has taken the most distinguished medical
and academic honours at house and abroad, is in itself a sufficient
guarantee that those who may place themselves under his care
in
every instance, meet with that delicate consideration and
inviolable
secrecy which are so requisite in the treatment of these
cases.
Published by the Author, and may be had of J. Gilbert, 49, Pater-
till Two,
; Hannay, 63, Orford-street ; Starie, Titchborne-street,
stamPg, from the autor, who ill
Elaymarket ; Mann, 23, Cornh
letten daily, from Ten; or free by post for forty-two
and from Six till Eight.

CULVERWELL'S NEW WORKS.
Lir To 'bo had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho,
47, Fleet -street; Mann, 39, Cernhlll ; or direct from the author
ptiee ()no Winn g eacEbN;
jboyypmEost,NlT 0
s. 6dv.
LIFE.
ig Haan, tecreation, and Rational Use of Time."
CovizNrs :—Early Rising—Spring and summa morniniu_Ex.
eirsions about the Environs nandThe Parks, Lanes, Hills,
Fore3ts, Fields, High-roads, other pleasant places—Country
Tr:ps and Rmat,les—The Sea—London at Night—Evenings at Home
_msic—The Drasna—On Eating, Drinking, Sleeping, Bathing,
FRIG aPTHEe."II:OIINTAIITS.
Rest, Easebox, Occupation,

Two Vols.

A VISIT TO TILE LAKES ; SKETCH OP' EDni-E
IaRGH,
THE LAKES OF ICILTARN ; REMINIscE nza op
DUBLIN, &c.
WHAT TO EAT, DRINK, AHD AVOID,
" That.three score years and ten our course may run"
A pipular review of almost every form (cause and cure) of ner.
vously-debilitated health and enfeebled constitution, that harasses
the young, besets the man of pleasure, business, or study, and era_
bitters old age ; with tables and rules for the diet and physical regu.
atlon:of every-day life.
IV.
TILE PASSIONS.
~What passions hurt the body—what imprOVl,
Truths as relined as Athens O'er hoorl.”
SCYLTECT L' 3 pilgrimage, from infancy to old ago. The ad?
yes",lfe'
:fireztipasso ions. Chastity and its infringements. The casual.
erausnedieasstiavne.d dpi.sdsivpoacialocny,owf with
liyllusmatritogicals.graphio, car-
ative, and r

V.
THE MARRIAGE STATE.
To be or not to be, that is the question."
and rail-
PaoonAstwe :—Laws and obligations of nature, society,
Time
and
choice, on both sides,
gion regarding naprrive,
astotobeagobe,servternedpebr
mmplexto ,
fitrnre, to. secure healthy offspring, wall the art of rearing them.
Physical defectiveness and its removal. Sterilit ,audits conversion.
)
Cases, aC.
Ey R. J. CULVERIVELL, M.D. (1841), 11.R.C.5. (1827). L.5.A...1,.,ge
1824). Twenty-ilve yameiethnte,r sex.
.a
and
matters. Reception' hours A..
'''.l7 till Flue, Evenims, Seseu till
Year, Medical and Forensic Referee in ~..----
Nisi; Pi ATITUTIaOe. RirieUttet, 'l'

; . • 13, Great Marlborough-street.
CIOLBURN and Co.'s NEW PUBLICATIONS.
To be had of all Booksellers.
I. Miss PARDOE'S LIFE of MARIE DE MEDIC'S. 3 vols.
Bvo., with fine Portraits.
2. -iolonel L ANDMAN'S ADVENTURES and RECOLLECTIONS.
2 vole. 21s.
3. Captain MACKINNON'S ATLANTIC and TRANSATLANTIC
SKETCHES. 2 vols. 21s.
4. Mr. HORACE ST. JOHN'S HISTORY of the BRITISH CON-
QUESTS in INDIA. 2 vols. 21s.
5. Captain SMITH'S NARRATIVE of FIVE YEARS' RESI-
DENCE at NEPAUL. 2 vols. 21s.
6. WILLIAM and MARY HOWITT'S LITERATURE and
ROMANCE of NORTHERN EUROPE. 2 vols. 21s.
7. Mr. DAY'S FIVE YEARS in the WEST INDIES. 2 vols. with
Illustrations. 21s.
8. SAM SLICK'S TRAITS of AMERICAN HUMOUR. 3 vols.

THE NEW MOVING PANORAMA.
THE GOLD FIELDS OF AUSTRALIA,
Painted from Sketches made upon the spot by J. S. Prout,
assisted by T. S. Robins, and C. Weigall, Members of the New
Society of Painters in Water Colours, will be OPENED on WED-
NESDAY next, August 11, at 309, Regent-street, next the Poly-
technic.

dinission, Is. ; Reserved Seats, 2s. ; Gallery, Ed.
At Three and Eight o'clock.

T. MARTIN-IN-THE-FIELDS
mk-7. QT.:
E IG-R A T lON.

To SHIPOWNERS._ OUFITTERS, and Others.
The Board of Guardians of the above Parish are ready to receive
TENDERS from Shipowners, Outfitters, and others who are willing,
forthwith, to fit out and convey not less than twenty and not ex-
ceeding fifty-two able.doodied poor persons who are at present in the
workhouse of the parish of St. Martin-in-the-Fields. to Port Ade-
laide. South Australia. The. persons whose tenders may be accepted
will be required to conform to fill the regulations now in force of the
Poor-hi* Board in refOrence to emigration. Sealed tenders, stating
the amount per bead for the necessary clothing and other articles
which may be required, and also the amount per head for passage-
money, and other particulars, to be sent tome, at the Parochial
Office, 4i, Castle-street, Leieestertsquare, superscribed " The Board
of Guardians of St. Martin-ln-the-Fields=Tender for Outfits," or
" Passage Money," as the Case may. be, on or before Saturday neat,
the 14th inst.

413 y, (artier Information may lie obtained upon application being
made at the Parochial Ofdceras above. • '
I - By order, •
C. ROBfißir3WartntrriorrEff; pargetoUth war&
Aug. G, 1852. .

DESIRABLE. RESIDENCE, EXMOUTH, DEVON.
TO be SOLD, purivant to an ORDER of the
HIGH COURT of. CHANCERY, made in a cause
C.A.RTMEL against PROFFITT, with the approbation of JAMES
WILLIAM FARRER, Esquire, one of the Masters of the Coin%
on FRIDAY, the 24th day of September next,
An elegant and very desirable FAMILY RESIDENCE, with
large Garden, and Pleasure Grounds, called the Temple, at Ex-
mouth, in the county of Devon. The Estate is of Leasehold Tenure,
held for a term of ninety-nine years, determinable on three lives. The
Sale will take place at the Globe Hotel, Exmouth.
The Prem ses may be viewed seven days prier to the Sale.
Particulars and Conditions of Sale may be had gratis, in London,
at the Chambers of Sir Richard Torin Kindersley, late one of the
Masters. in Southampton-buildings, Chancery-lane; of Messrs.
Baxter, Somerville, and Co., 48, Lincoln's Inn-fields; Messrs. Beis-
ley and Co., 1, Lincoln's Inn-fields; Messrs. Cole, Adelphi-terrace,
Strand ; and Messrs. Clowes and Wediake, King's Bench-walk,
Temple ; and at Lichfield- of Mr. John Cartinale, solicitor ; of Mr.
Thomas Hodson, solicitor : of Mr. William Greene, solicitor ; of
Mr. Charles Simpson, solicitors ; of Messrs. Hiern and Moylne, so-
licitors, Stafford; at the place of sale, and at the principal inns at
Exeter.
Dated the 3d day of August, 1852.

ANOII 0 R ASSURANOE COMPANY,
67, Cheapside, London.
For the YOUNGER AGES the Premiums of Life Assurance re-
quired by this Company will be found lower than those of most other
Offices; while the BONUS ADDITIONS that are periodically made
to the sums assured from the-Company's profits, tend still further to
lessen the outlay on account or premium.
Life- Annuities are granted by the Company on terms exteedingly
favourable to the assured. --
Prospectuses may be had on application.
T. BELL, Secretary and Actrary, .
Chief A genies—Manchester, 1, Duce-place ; Glasgow, Buct anan-
street ; Hull, Exchange-buildings; Newcastle-on-Tyne, Boyd Ar-
cade ; Plymouth; 5, Frankfort-street ; and 6, Hermann-struse,
Hamburgh.
Applications for Agencies, in places where none are appointed, may
be addressed to the Secretary.

NATIONAL-ASSURANCE
DIVESTMENT ASSOCIATION, •
7, St. Martin's-place, Trafalgar-square, London.
The investment of money with this Association, which was
established in May, 1144, on a plats peculiar to itself, secures equal
advantages to the surplus capital of the affluent, and the provident
savings of the industrial classes of the community, and affords an
opportunity for realising the highest rate of interest yielded by first-
class securities, in which alone the money is employed.
Moneys deposited with the Association, for Investment, are
exempt from liabilities on account of life contingencies, as wellas
the expenses of management, which are borne by the Life Depart-
ment, in consideration of the business brought to it by investment
either
public
or any kind—an
transactions ; therefore, Depositors enjoy the entire profits yielded
wbyhictlhieniro
ocathpeitrallnsftr
private, holds forth, or
can afford, to its members.
Interest or Dividend, 11 payable half-yearly. in January arid,rmy.
Institution, t fromio n ,deduction

Capital Stock, £lOO,OOO.
The Capital Stock is altogether distinct and separate from the
Depositors' Stock in the Investment Department. It constitutes,
with the Premium Fund, a guarantee for the engagements of the
Association. and has been provided in order to render the security of
the Assured complete.
LIFE DEPARTMENT.

This Department embraces a comprehensive and well-regulated
system of Life Assurance, with many valuable and important im-
provements.
Fall information and prospectuses may be obtained, on application
throughout the United icirgaini.—
PETER MORRISON, Managing Director.
N.B. Applications for Agencies may be made to the Managing
Director.

THE INDISPUTABLE LIFE POLICY
COMPANY,
No. 72, Lombard-street and 24, Connaught-terrace.
TBXSTEES.
Richard Spooner, Esq., M.P.
J. Campbell Renton, Esq., M.P. I James Fuller Madox, Esq.
Richard Malins, Esq., Q.C. William Wilberfikce, Esq.
The POLICIES are INDISPUTABLE, in terms of the Deed of
Settlement of the Company, duly registered, and are thus rendered
CERTAIN FAMILY PROVISIONS, and NEGOTIABLE DOCU-
MENTS OF SECURITY.
This Company has introduced, as more peculiarly applicable to the
Middle and Industrious Classes, a plan of SELF-PROTECTING IN-
SURANCE, whereby in' one Policy for one rate of Premium, are
combined an Insurance of a Sum payable either at death or on at-
taining a specified age, and a pension or annuity after that age ; and
giving the full benefit of all Premiums that have been paid, although
the payments should at any time be discontinued.
ALEXANDER ROBERTSON, Manager.

'UNITED KINGDOM LIFE ASSURANCE
COMPANY,
Established by Act of Parliament in 1834.
No. 8, Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London.
The distinctive features of the Company _embrace, amongst
others:
Tables of Premiums formed on the lowest scale compatible with
security, and constructed to meet the various wants of assurers,
and every risk to which protection by assurance can be extended.
One-half the Life Premium for• the first Five years may remain on
credit.
Loans granted on approved Personal Security.
extra
rsha
premium, by merely
giving the ordinary notice to the Office in London of the intended North Amc ice, and
Assured not restricted in their limits of travel, as in most other
Companies, but may proceed from one part of Europe to another in
manydecked p va
retsss eol
of, yhwithouteLdi csetnast
s,
,aqdithtooutil
visit.
Whole-world Policies granted at slightly Increased rates of
Premium, time rendering a Policy in money transactions a real
security.
Prospectuses, and every information, may be obtained upon appli-
cation to the Resident Director.

GUARDIAN I
ASSURANCE
ti o. 11, LOMBARD•

IRE and LIFE
COMPANY.
•STREET, London.
'TORS.
jun., Esq., Chairman.
R, Bart., Deputy-Chairman,
Stewart Marjoribanka, Esq.
John slartin, Esq., M.p,
Rowland Mitchell, Esq,
James Morris, Esq.
Henry Norman, Esq.
Henry R. Reynolds, Jun., Esq.
John Thornton, Esq.
James Tulloch, Esq.
Henrysq.
A. W. Robarts, Esq.
Lewis Loyd, jun., Esq. John
SEcRETIRY—
G e
ACTUARY—Griffith Davies, Esq., F.R.S.
LIFE DEPARTMENT.—Under the provisions of an Act of Par-
liament, this Company now offers to future insurers four-fifths of
the Profits with Quinquennfal Division, or a Inv Rate of premium
without participation of Profits.
The next division of Profits will be declared in Juno, 1855, when
all participating policies 'whioh shall have subsisted at least one year
at Christmas, 1854, will be allowed to share in the profits.
At the several past diVisions of profits made by this Company, 'he
reversionary Bonuses addectio the policies from one.half the profits,
amounted, on an average of the different ages, to about 1 per cent.
per tdhiessimimss insurer!,a
exceeded 7n7do.tohoeol. total bonuses added at the
four annum on
septennial vi
FOREIGN RISKS.—The extra Premiums required for the East
and West Indies, the British Colonies, and the northern parts of the
United States of America, have been materially reduced.
INVALID LlVES.—Persons who are not in such sound health as
would enable them to insure their Lives at the Tabular Premiums,
may have their Lives insured at Extra Premiums.
LOANS granted on Life Policies to the extent of their values, pro-
vided such Policies shall have been effected a sufficient time to have
attained in each case a value not under 501.
ASSIGNMENTS OF POLICIES—Written Notices of, received
and registered.

THOMSON HANKEY,
Sir WALTER R. EARQUIIA
Henry Hulse Berens, Esq.
John Dixon, ESQ.
Francis Hart Dyke, Eq.
John Harvey, Esq.
`ohn G. llubbard, Esq.
George Johnstone, Esq.
John Labouchere, Esq.
Johk Loch, Esq.
George Lyall, Esq. _

AUDI'

IMPORTANT MEDICAL AND SURGICAL WORKS,
, 1811 s.
Just publlibed, by H. HaiMere, 219, Regent-street, London.
No I.
aro., in cloth, price Is., by post free, 55. ad.,
ON TRUE & FALSE SPERMATORRIREN
with the View to the Correction of wide-spread Errors;
in relation to the Treatment and Cure of Sufferers from Debility of the
Generative System, or Sexual Hypechrondriasis. Translated from
the German of Dr. PICKFORD, of the University of Heidelberg,
—" Dr. Pickford is known to English readers by his frequent practi-
cal contributions to German medical literature. This is the first
time, he informs us, that he has addressed himself to the non-usedi..
cal reader. We trust this may not be the last, if he shall
detect any other equally flagrant evil which it may be to
511
power to correct."—London Medical Gazette. May go
—" The editor has conferred a great boon on the sufferers from this
distressing malady by translating this little book, and by laying bare
the scandalous practices of unqualified adventurers, who Profess to
cure a disease of which they know nothing, with no other object
than to fill their own purses. The difference between true Sperms_
torrlicea and the various forms of disease which resemble it are
accurately described,/ and thus a safe guide is offered for the
treatment of the malady "—Medical Circular, May 5, 1852.
—" We have delayed so long upon the contents of the preliminary
chapter, that we have scarcely left ourselves space for any notice of
the subject
TIIE clam OF
specially treated of by Dr. Pickford ; but the moderate
aro., in
Price at which the ' brochure' is sold, places it within the reach of
evety one interested in the matter."—Dublin Medical Press, April
8,1952.
No. 11.
e the cloth, price 3s. 6d., by post free, 45.
ples at STRICTURE OF THE URE VITRA, on Princi-
ples Simple, Safe, and Efficient, in even its most Inveterate
V.y_parently Intractable Forms. To which is added, PRACTICAL
HaItVATIONs ON
° :o°l%ll tidin instrumentsm oamost
o 11
dl
y
THE TREATMENT OF SPERMATORIt-
how to use 'Y
C-VUTEZIZ kTION - Its Inefficiency and Danger.
ny F. B. 'COURTENAY,
Member
"'Thos.
wh of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
about the simple c sed with all kinds
are those only Tile
pwrlaico.tikc.enoowf
snuor-t
geons has been mar-- of violence, an indifference
all the excesses ask horrors
Of diseases, and a passion for operations and
Observations.—., I `-' horrors of surer "—John Bell's Surgical
In proof of his .
given the history of a ...i. views he (Mr. Courtenay) has
as
any
which Mr.
syLeat many cases successful.
iy treated, as bad
Such are cases ix., xi,
he.
adduced, and on which he had operated.
period of twelve years, the. treatment xviii. No. ix. had resisted, for a
removed in as many Weeks. crnent by dilitation, and wasfinally
in duration, severity, and com
era atoll character than
treatment adopted by Mr. ri
appear, both
put cases xviii. and xix.
any atlon of symptoms, of a more ag..
—ourte detailed by Mr. Syme, and yet "1,
_rnforacr Lizars on the Treatment nay proved eminently successful."
Qf Stricture.

THE COU:TRY MARKETS.
The following is the
corn, &e., received in tl port of Louion from the pot
Essex, from the Ist Ai., 18.5% to the 7th Aug., 1
both inclusive : octal statement of the quantiti

1 •
-t t* • •
I i '' I
Pa X 0 i(4
• 4Si - 50 -I -
.100; ..... 397 - -
1
- 10' 77
1151 - -•- 42,
_ ,

ies C
rt 3 in
1852,

Colchester... ..
Harwich ...
Leigh ................................
Dia'don .................. .

B'O

Wheat, white, 42s to 485 CHELMSFORD, AUG. 6.4 rices to-day were as follow:—
chevalier 28s to 33s ; grill—
s 22s to 28s; malt 55s to 565;
chevalier 55s to 58s ; °stbs to 25s ; peas, partridge, 294
to 31s ; white, 31s to 32s ;laling, 32s to 359; dun, new 28s.
COLCHESTER, AUG. 7.
to 30s; beans, tick, :In; al, 374 to 41s ; barley, 27s to 308:
--s t 335; harrow ticks, 30s to 345;
mazagan, 288 to 323.
to 424 ; oats, 18s to 21s ; btu, mazagan 31s to 325; raj"'
and small 32s to 34s ; per whits 36s to 38s, grey, 30s'to
323; barley, 28s to 308
KIRKALD; AUG., 7.
'-4heat, white 44s to 475; red 38
i following are the quetatils
for grain :—Wheat- 'Buie.
First 42s Od 25
Od
s 11 20s Od —s Od —s
second 498 Od 258 t 194 Od —s Od —8
__,'"4
Third 36s Od —s 0
1 las Od —5 Od —s ve
Oatmeal, per bag of 281simp
Oats. Beans. Peak.
erial, ,Os 0.1.
IIADDINGTON, AUG. 6.• 114 p..

grain at our market to:cia77 101101
Wheat.
First l, Barley.
Second 383 100
474 0129 s Od
273
Third
348 6d 5d
25s Od
Total quantity of Wheat •
11? i
Do. Barleyaiket
Do. Oats
Doh
_X tans
COAL

29s Od to
are the

prim: of
Oats. Beaab.
21s Od 31s pj
19s 3d 29s 11DL1
178 Od 28s 04
555 qrs., 402 sOI,I
42 qrs., 37 sold
254 qrs„, 205 Old
-- 621-v34 :.°O4l

MAJZS.E.
'Prices of Coal per ton at t
,f3ate's West Hartley.. 138 9d
Holy well ............. 14s Od
Longridge'sW.Hartley 145 3d
North Percy Hartley.. 133. 9d
anfield Moor ......... 12s 3d
rantield Moor But 12s
125 Od
Townley... ..... 126 Od
Wall's End, &c.
Northumberland ...... 138 odl
Eden Alain
....... 13s 9d
Eiettou ................. 15s &
Ships at markei

r,

...L.YESTACRDAY.
'hielose of the market
14s 3d
liebton
Ittssell's Hetton
Sevart's
Sltla Hartlepool 147, i6d
Addaide Tees
Covpen Hartley
Culington Small
Nix.m's Merthyr and
Cirdiff .........
..... Sold, 46.

IT of the puluLl6----
JOURNALS.
MES.—We have someviat understated the case
of Tile British Governrnen: in
terms " right of fishing" and" liberty to fish" in the
claims of the United states oil the I
phpizittiottotlefisheries
t by omitting to notice the, distinction between he
treaties relating to this subject The former of these
expressions denotes a positive right ; the latter a pri-
vilege or concession granted l another party having
thatf right. Both terms havebeen employed atclit-
erent times in these negotiatbus, and .not without a
oistinct intention. By the treaty of 1783, which re-
cognised
the independence if the United Statest it
haveti that
was agreed that ." the people of the United States
should continue to enjoy unmolested the right to take
fish of every kind on the gland bank and on all'
other banks of Newfoundlani ," and,
should .further,
" the inhabitants of the United States
liberty to take fish of any kind on such part i of
the coast of Newfoundland as the British
shall use (but not to cure or dry them on the
island), and also on the coasts, bays, and creeks of all
other his Britannic Majesty's dominions in America."
This article was strenuously insisted upon by the
American negotiators at Versailles, and especially by
Mr. Adams; the British Plenipotentiaries at last only
assented to it on . condition of inserting the weed
" liberty" instead of " right" in that part of the article
which relates to the coast fisheries. On this ground the,
British Government considered the shore fishery Ask
privilege, granted by, the treaty of 1783, And forfeited
by the next declaration of war. When the negotia-
tions for peace were again opened at Ghent, England
refused to renew this privilege of the shore fishery
without an equivalent, and some of the Amerman
Commissioners were disposed to concede to us.
the navigation of the Mississippi in exchange
fur it. But they were outvoted, the privilege
dropped, and the Treaty of Ghent as well
as the commercial convention that followed
were silent on the subject. The consequence was
vessels which attempted to,
that some United States'
bad done from 1783'
tcruisers, and, in conseqUegee
v on the British coasts as they
were seized by British
on this occasion, the negotiation a:lftilf was opened
on the subject, and a convention signed, which was
intended, in more ways than one, to repair the omis-
sions of the Treaty of Ghent.
That convention of
1818 has proved an unfortunate one, for one of its
articles gave rise to the queston on the north-eastern
boundary, and another is now under discussion.
But in the article of this convention relating to the
fisheries, it is extremely worthy of notice that the
word "right' is dropped altogether. It is thereby pro-
vided that the inhabitants of the United States should
have liberty to fish in certain
States thereby also renounced any liberty before
enjoyed or claimed by them or their inhabitants to
fish elsewhere on our coasts. The term right does
not recur at all. This is the more remarkable
because, about two years before, a .very full official
correspondence had taken place between Lord; Bite
thurst and Mr. Adams, then ,
London, in which this pointEnvoy in
places, and the United
this.
Lord Bathurst entirely denied, on the part of
wasAmeforilclvan
country, that any claims to the shore fishery cduld
then, in 18,15, be based on the treaty of 1783, which
had been abrogated by the recent war. He added
that " the word right was, throughout that duty,
used as applicable to what the United States werei to
the
enjoy in virtue of a recognised independence, am'
word liberty to what they were to enjoy 83 strictly
dependent on the treaty itself." Mr. Adams asserted
e the
on the. contrary, in the broadest terms, that
fisheries on the banks of Newfoundland, as, well in
considered,
he open seas as in the neighbouring bays. gulfs' And
along the coasts of Nova Scotia'aud Labrador, were,
by the dispensations and the laws of nature'
in substance only different parts of one
fishery, and that it should not be a 'se-
veral, but, as between Great Britain and
the United States, a common fishery." That
was the doctrine contended for by the Americans in
1816. But in July, let 1
- - -8, Mr. Hush and Mr. Gal-
latin were sent to negotiate on this very. subject
(among other things), and wo find by their instruc-
tions, which were signed by Mr. Adams, then Secre-
tary of State, that "the President authorised them to
egree to an article whereby the United States will
desist from the liberty of fishing and curing fish
within the British jurisdiction generally, upon con-
dition that certain other rights of fishing and drying
.fish were permanently secured to them: Ibis ;was
_
substantially the provision adopted by the convention
of 1818, but without any reference to the alleged
antecedent rights, which were consequently tacitly
abandoned; and the case now stands merely on the
terms of this convention. So much for the history of
this transaction. But the practical point which
renwthe
true boundaries of the British maritime ea-is
"bay" in the
fromand whether the use of the word
altogether
con-
vention excludes the Americans
or only
those inlets or recesses of the ocean,
from that portion of them which is within three
dmiles
is open to corm er of the shore. The term " bay"
able latitude of construction. Johnson defines. in
svater is shut. .l
"'an opening into the land, where the
Terfrttorta
on all sides, except at the entrance:'tractsowater,
rights incontestably extend over these
and are vested in the State to which the banks belong;
small extent,
but this rule applies strictly to We of
as Hudson's
.
and' not to such great parts of the seat
eugh
say, which is in truth a mediteiraDean see, n
to
Mr. Webster
- somewhat inappropriately quoted it
illustrate his argument. The correct rule we take to
be that these tereitorial rights are defined by a line
Which mayJ e,
be drawn from headland to headland, and
that within such a line a state maymake and enforce
The most important
part its Own laws and regulations.
ant, practical applica-
Part of this controversy is, then,
tion of these principles of law to the Bay of Fundy,
to which the American fishermen have had access by
rican permission of this country since .1845. The Bay of
Fundy
i is an inlet of the sea, from 30 to 40 miles in
width, bounded on the westV New Brunswick
and in part by the State of Maine, and to the east
by Nova Scotia. Is the central`, portion of this bay
s
accessible alike to American and Britt h fishermen,
or are the British cruisers entitled to guard a frontier
line drawn across it? We are of opinion that the
British jurisdiction begin, from ' the point at which
both shores of the b ay
are British territory ; and
though American vessels are entitled to fish anywhere
at a distance of three miles from the coasts or of
of
renounced the
our provincee, they have explicitly - .
liberty of entering such bays or harbottrs, except for
the purposes of shelter, repair, or water, and for no
other purpose whatever. But it may be contended,
on the other side, that the magnitude of the Bay of
Fundy, and n the fact that the State of Maine touches
one coast of it, take it out of the rule
which is confes-
sedly applicable to smaller inlets of the ocean. This dis.
tinction has been recognised by the law of England
itself in reference to fishing rights in the bays of these
island
"s. By the convention concluded with France in
1839 it was agreed that the distance of three miles
fixed Re the general limit for the exclusive right of

fishery upon the coast of France and England, shall,
with respect to bays the mouths, of which do not ex•
ced ten miles in width,. be measured from a straight
line drawn from headland and headland;" and this
provision was adopted by the Act of Parliament, 6th
and 7th Victoria, chap. 79. Hence it appears,
when the mouth of a bay in this country does exceed
ten miles in width, we do not claim an exclusive right
of fishing in it. But this is the result of special and
reciprocal agreement with France. No such definition
of jurisdiction has been attempted between the British
North American colonies and the United States; and it
would be well if some such arrangement resulted from
this discussion. A sensible writher in the New Yorit
fournal of Commerce remarks, that the claim put for-
ward by the Americans is obviously excessive, for such
ccnstruction would enable, in a like case, British
fishermen to enter Chesapeake Bay and fish within
three miles of Baltimore, though that city is 100 miles
within the American territory. But it is possible
that if American fishermen have claimed in excess,
disregarding even the three mile limit, landing on our
coasts, and sometimes carrying on contraband trade
under cover of the fishery, on the other hand British
authorities may have extended their restrictions be-.
tween headlands unreasonably distant. The true in-
terests of the North American provinces and of the
States of New England rather require a fair partici-
pation in their mutual advantages, and not a mis-
chievous and hostile policy of exclusion. We have
the same right to exclude the Americans from our
coast fisheries as they have to exclude us from their
markets ; but the wiser policy of both countries is to
adopt a more liberal construction of such rights, to
he general advantage of the population on both sides,
and for the maintenance of peace and goodwill be-
, n, the States to which they respectively. belong.
It will bade been seen
. by the intelligence fropu
America which we published yesterday, that Mr.
Webster has note delivered himself of opinions on
the subject of the North-Eastern Fisheries coinciding
in almost all material respects with the views which
w iaexpressed on Friday last. Making allowance for
the declamation in which all statesmen of the Unionindulge, and for the temptations to oratorical extra-
%regimes which the political conjuncture suggested,
we
Marshfield addressed d
kilow lodge that Mr. Webster's speech at
dressed itself with great correctness to
the true points at
a-
issue, though it was beneath the
dignity of such a speaker to expatiate so emphatically
upon the value of the privileges in dispute, and to
make his appeal rather to the covetousness than the
justice of his countrymen. No one doubts the im-
portance or productiveness of the fisheries in ques-
tion; it is this
fact indeed which has given
•
embro t
m
ilent. Neither is it denied
rise to the
ade employs a vast num-
that the fishingling
constitutes Mr. • as Webster ex-
pressed it, the very nursery of the American navy."
But such arguments as. these can no morhe. justify the
encroaching upon the fis mg. ground. s
Americans in
they whd warrant Englishmen in
of others than
seizing the guano deposits of Peru. If the advantages
recapitulated with such unction have been derived
from habitual trespass, they must either be surren-
dered or made the .
subject of fair negotiation. The
waters of the Bay of Fundy certainly do not become
American waters by reason of their convenience ,or
value. It is satisfactory, ho. wever, to observe that the
first impressions on either,side of the Atlantic appear
to be subsiding into a correct appreciation of the ques-
tion at issue; and though there is always consider-
able difficulty in conveying popular ideas of inter-
national difficulties, we
believe the English public
will soon be qualified to estimate this contest at its true
merits. There are two chief points in debate—one
concerning the interpretation of a treaty, and the other
arising from the custom sand usages by which this
now
treaty has been exemplified. By the convention
regulating these matters the Americans are ex-
cluded, on their own express renunciation, from cer-
tain bays and harbours en the British coasts, ex-
cepting for purposes specially defined. About this
exclusion there can be nodoubt , but it has been
maintained in America that bays so large as to in-
clude a sea within themselves were not contemplated
by the spirit of the treaty, however they might be
comprised in its letter. The usage of international
law extends the territorial sovereignty of a coast to
a distance of three marine miles over the waters by
which it is washed, but no further; and it appears to
have been the American dcctrine, that if a bay or
inlet were so spacious as to admit of a vessel's en-
tering without coming , within a leeguee tift,,Aitbitt
I' ow, by the strict interpretation of the treaty, no
less than by the accepted law on these subjects, we
entertain no doubt that the Americans are wrong.
It is impossible, with any semblance of justice,
to strain the terms of ',a convention to suit the
purpose of one of the contracting parties.
The Americans are excluded by their own
act and deed from all bays on certain coasts,
of which the Bay of Fundy is one, and it can never
be permissible that after such a renunciation they
should be at liberty to decide for themselves what
bays should be considered bays, and what should not.
Moreover, the usage of law is again in our favour, for
it has been always held that in the case of coast-
indentations the waters included by a line drawn
from headland to headland pertained to such terri-
tories exclusively, and that the three marine
miles of ordinary jurisdiction were to be rec-
koned seaward of such line. :On this point,
therefore, it will be readily comprehensible that
the case of the Americans cannot be main-
tained, and we observe that, while Mr. Webster in
his latest remarks avoids allusion to it, its validity, as
against the United States, is frankly admitted by
some of their ablest journals. The next point is less
clear. Whatever may have been the limitations im-
posed by the convention of 1818, it is certain that the
Americans have commonly assumed the privilege of
fishing over many of the grounds from which they were
nominally excluded. These'encroachments have not,
indeed, been so general or so undisturbed as they
are now represented, nor, if they had been so, could
any legal rights have been thus acquired. But it is
incontestable that great freedom has been exercised in
this respect, and with less resistance on our parts than
we should have been justified in opposing, so that
when, with abrupt precipitation, and on the very eve
of the fishing season, a powerful British squadronls
all at once dispatched to enforce the strict observance
of the treaty of 1818, the proprieties of intercourse be-
tween two such countries as England and Amerioa
may be reasonably thought to be infringed. As it
seems, too, that within the last seven years the right
of fishing over a portion of the disputed waters was
conceded to the Americans by a British Minister,
and that such concession has not been with-
drawn, the wisdom of our recent proceedings
appears still more questionable, Mr. Webster
accordingly, though he could make little of the
American title, strictly understood, had evidently
reason on his side when he observed that "an indul-
gence of long continuance could not be withdrawn, at
the season when the fishermen were just engaging in
their business, without just and seasonable :notice."
The overbearing pretensions in which Americans are
sometimes wont to indulge themselves can never be
admitted. They divide the northern continent of
America with ourselves, and the fisheries of the coast
are subject to a corresponding division. But while
we say thus much, and while we are prepared to
maintain that the strict rights of the case, so far from
pertaining to the Americans, reside wholly with our-
selves, we should be disposed not only to acknowledge
the claim to consideration which has been constituted
by usage, but to put a liberal construction on the
treaty itself. There is some foundation for the
argument that bays of large extent should not be
treated like smaller inlets, and we may presume
that Sir Robert Peel's Government was influenced
by considerations of this nature in conceding to the
American fishermen the entrance to the Bay of Fundy
in 1845. In applying, for instance, the same rules
to Euronesn states, it would be clearly unreasonable,
supposing France and Spain were under the same
Government, that other nations should be excluded
from the Bay. of Biscay by a line from Brest to
Ferrol, though the Bay of Biscay is undoubtedly a
bay. The opinions, however, so hastily expressed in
the American Senate were without justification in
fact, for the wrong doing was exclusively on the side
of the States, though they might have reasonably ex-
pected that encroachments so long connived at would
be denounced at last with less abruptness and
,adjusted with more consideration for the feelings
of a people so nearly connected with ourselves.
The entire question concerns the liberties of
Americans. in waters confeseedly
British. There is
no mention of any Amertean territory wbatever,
nor has any British vessel been dispatched to Abra,een
limn waters. The fishermen of the States
which
pursuing their calling upon fishing grounds
usage,
pertain. to subjects of the British Crown.
t agbroader
previous coneN:sions, and even arg
and more general kind, suggest
that utistory spirit
should be treated in a liberal and con.c have
unien'shoe question
but the law of the case, to which the Mier.'"
s D
•
st them ;
so intemperately appealed,
s calculated to irri-
, and while we regret that meashurvee
been so hastily
ta'e a sensitive nation is decidedly against
I adopted, we are constrained
precipitate, and that
proceedings have been equally, in
itudl observe that their own
t ofthe Senate are ill
such views as were expressla.
.the dispute. It is
adapted to promote a
that its fiat step ou au ae.
i U 9 credit to either State
settlement

[PRICE SD.

casion like this should have been to equip we* steamers
for action, and we trust test the awakening sense of
both countries may speedily dispatch the affair by a
more reasonable appeal.
CHRONICLE.—The grave misunderstanding be-
tween tbis country and the United States, to which
the question of the American fisheries has given rise
—and which appears, from our latest Transatlansic in-
telligence, to be daily growing more serious—will go
a long way to dispel any amiable prejudices which
enthusiastic persons may entertain is favour of im-
provising Secretaries of State. Sir John Pakington
and Lord Malmesbury have contrived, !by their ig-
norance and folly, to blunder into a position in which
it is impossible for them either to advance with jus-
tice, or to retreat with honour. Brilliant ability and
shining eloquence may, perhaps, be dispensed with
in the chiefs of the Executive departments; but the
very least which can be expected of men charged
with the interests of a great empire, is an average
share of informatiod and a moderate amount of com-
mon sense. The Secretaries for the Colonies and
for Foreign Affairs have shown, however, that they
have not acquired the former, and that Nature never
gifted them with the latter. The state of the case is
shortly as follows. The Colonial Legislatures have at
various times sought to foster their fisheries by the
truly Protectionist system of bounties, but the two Ca-
binets which preceded Lord Derby's Administration
refused to sanction the adoption of a policsawhich they
held to be radically mischievous. No sooner, how-
ever, were the present Government in office than they
hastened to promote in the colonies that commercial
system which they make a merit of having abandoned
at
home. Sir John Pakington is like some Highland
laird who, in Bond-street, succumbs with disgust to
tha.prejudice in
favour of trousers, but who no sooner
plants his foot on his native heath than he reverts with
exultation to the phillibeg thehColonial Secretary
Transatlantichad been discreet
rProtection
tee
tenoughioh .toon
tresthe hrisoaldittleprsicoheeimplee
oletf.
non-interference with the independenced of Colonial
with
exaggerating
gcoo.rneternn tmecelhltnsel
wthoerd,
"localif he
e self-government" f
doc-
trine by allowing the colonies to
with the fundamental policy of the laws at variance
empire—he
have had a plausible, if not a defensible,em —he would
position. But
in alleging, as his ground for identifying
the colonial monopolists the „negotiations
with
with the United States of America for
atthe settlement
ions pending
of the principles on which the commerce
British North American colonies is hereafter be
t ofo the
carried on," he has most unnecessarily betrayed the
real object of the Government in their departure
from the policy of their predecessors. The above
sentence is evidently inspired by Mr. Disraeli's for-
mula, that it is " impossible to fight hostile tariffs
with free imports." The notable project of the Pro -
tectionist Secretary_of the Colonies is to establish
reciprocity by aggression, and to coax the Americans
into giving us more than we possess by taking from
them advantages which they already enjoy. Not
content with endorsing the Colonial Legislatures'
project of bounties, the Government have taken
active steps to ensure to the colonists a monopoly of
the fisheries by sending an armed force against their
competitors. Even if we judge the conduct of Mi-
nisters from their own view of what is expedient,
they might at least have known that the Americans
are about the last people in the world from whom
anything is to be obtained by bluster and bullying.
There are no two countries in which national jealousies
take fire so quickly, or rag so fiercely, on questions
of foreign politics, as in England and the United
States. In Russia or Austria, the policy of the
country is the policy of the Minister ; but
among ourselves and our Transatlantic cousins the
popular feeling is keenly alive, and exercises a poten-
tial voice in all questions affecting the foreign rela-
tions of the two nations. We shall not be understood
as objecting to a bold and uncompromising assertion
of just rights, or a courageous vindication of the
national honour whenever it is really at stake. Bat,
in dealing with a free people like the Americans, it is
above all things necessary that, before a claim is pre-
ferred—and, much more, before any attempt is made
to enforce it—its exigency and validity should be
clearly ascertained and established. It appears,
however, that Lord Malmesbury has proceeded to the
extreme measure of seizing American vessels, on
grounds which are totally inadequate to justify such
a step. It is impossible to contemplate without pain-
ful uneasiness the consequences of so rash and foolish
tW tellat rifirpr,rann'tjtdivisarlygiwiigtrY
raked up an old treaty of the year 1818, by which it
appears that American vessels were forbidden to fish
within three miles of . the British colonial coast.
If a mere custom had grown up inconsis-
tent with the stipulations of that treaty, it might
surely have been a question whether it was desirable
to insist upon a prohibition which had practically be-
come obsolete, and the revival of which would conse-
quently amount to something like an act of aggres-
sion. But at all events, if it were deemed necessaryq
to enforce the strict letter of the convention of 1818,
the least that the Americans had a right to expect
was a timely notice and a courteous intimation. In-
stead of this, the letter of Sir John Pakington, an-
nouncing the withdrawal of privileges which long
enjoyment had invested with a quasi-legitimacy, was
conceived in terms unnecessarily offensive, and has
been followed up by acts of most unjustifiable vio-
lence. Nor is this all. With that peculiar aptitude
, for blundering which seems to distinguish the official
nuggets of Lord Derby's gold mine, the Government
have selected, as the spot on which to effect their first
seizure under the treaty of 1818, the only place
which had been speciallyfromexempted its
operation. It appears that, in 1845,
the
Lord Aber-
deen expressly conceded to the Americans
right of fishing in the Bay of Fundy; yet it is in
that very bay, with regard to which the English
monopoly had been deliberately abandoned by the
English Government, that Ministers have thought fit
to re-assert it by violence. It seems as if the genius
of blundering exercised a special patronage over all
their proceedings. On the whole coast of British
North America there was only one bay where they
might not have effected the seizure with at least a
show of right on their side, and that is precisely the
one which they have selected. The Foreign Secre-
tary will no doubt allege that he had no knowledge
of Lord Aberdeen's negotiations with the American
Government just as he pleaded, in the case of Mr.
Mather, that he had dispatched his instructions with-
out reading Mr. Scarlett's dispatches. Lard Malmes-
bury's ignorance would have been an exceedingly
good reason for not making him Secretary of State ;
but it will be a very poor satisfaction to this country
for finding itself embroiled in an angry dispute
with America—and that, moreover, at a period when
the near approach of the Presidential
elec-
tion gives Transatlantic politicians of all parties
a perilous temptation to adopt and exaggerate the p(3-
violent pular passion of the moment. The most lan-
guage has already been used in the Senate, both
against this country, and against the ' supineness of the
Federal Government in not having
Eng-
land with the same violence which she
once met Eng-
employed ; and it will be se she had herself
en
which we elsewhere publish, that 'from the accounts
even Mr. Webster's
official position and general moderation of political
feeling have not prevented hitt from making a belli-
gerent harangue on the subject
It to a popular auditory.
is but too probable that by this time the fleets of
the two countries
are watching each other in a hostile
spirit. Such are the first fruits of the foreign PRY
eve-
of a Government •
which. Lord Derby not very r
th
rently announced as about to bring „ peace 00 ar..
and good will towards men." We are strono
42'onOsPn'f
nion that it is undesirable to revive the resttliofwb
the treaty of 1818 ; and there can be no creeth-e pay of
ever that the seizure of fishiag-vessalsia
granted by
Fundy, after
the express pernet° -8
to with every
Lord Aberdeen, is utterly irreorfact which grossly
principle of international lavii,ord Derby, as Colonial
aggravates the case is, that
cips.
„ party to the under-
Minister in 1845, was Prai-et the two Govern-
standing then agreed tvv°iii be set up for his conduct
meats. What excuVeet of thirteen sail to enforce a
in sending a hostije himself expressly abandoned, we
right which he bad
denture. Should he allege that
are
lauds loss to co. j
f so important
collection oa transaction
he n 6 re
in his own dos! lent, be will certainly do something
. t
the favourite doctrine of his
towards establishing
f&c
that euil experience is of very little advan-
party, t tg r of the C lnis rown
i. In any
tags to f thee case, the
Government
conduct o n committing this
country to a flagrant aggression on American com-
merce, without taking the pins to ascertain the ne-
gotiations which had previously passed on the sub-
ject, is a very fair sample of the prudence, modera-
tion, and wisdom of the Administration under which
we have at present the good fortune to live.

The clearances from the port of London for the
gold colonies of Australia during the past week show an in-
crease. They consisted of seven ships to Port Philip, of an
aggregate capacity of 3,003 tons (besides an East Indiarnan
of 1,292 tons, freighted in pact for that colony), and of four
ships to Sydney of 2,048 tons, exclusive of the snail-
steamer Sydney. There was also one vessel of 835 tons to
Adelaide, 'South Australia. The exports of manufactured
grants at present constitute the chief por-
goods, as well as of wines, spirits, and tobacco, were again
large, although emi
tion of Australian cargoes, the number of these for the week
Ihaving probably been from 1,200 to 1,500. Among the
miscellaneous exports were two rather large conoignmenta of
hop,