The Sun.
London, England, 1852-02-04 00:00:00

WEDNESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 4, 1852.

THE SUN,

tntion, and moat fatal to the character of the House of Com-
mons.—(Hear.) He was satisfied that the very essence of
the utility of the House of Commons as a representative body
was that it represented all classes and all denominations.
And he trusted that in the Bill which they were about to ,
introduce her Majesty's Government did not intend to dis-
turb the existing balance between the different classes of the
community, or to give to the population of the large towns
—already powerful, and exerting a powerful democratic ii-
fluence—a still larger influence over the legislation of this
country than they now possessed, swamping the distinction
between the county and the borough voters, and overwhelm-
ing that which it had always been his conviction afforded
the best security for the liberties of the people, the influence
of the land. With himself the extent would not be so much
the question as the principles involved in the Bill, and the
its
introduction. which the Government proposed to accomplish by
introduction. If the party with which he acted concurred
in the object, and believed that the remedy proposed was
well calculated to meet existing abuses, not to do away with
hereditary irregularities and anomalies, but to correct sub-
stantial injustice, then her Majesty's Government need ap-
prehend from them no factious opposition to the introduc-
tion of such a measure. But if the object of the Govern-
ment was to extend still farther the democratic power
in this country, at the expense of those more conserva-
tive influences which might tend permanently to support
the institutions of the country, then, he cared not what step
was proposed, it would be a step in a dangerous direction ;
and so regarding it he should be compelled to give it such
opposition as might be in his power to offer.—(Cheers.) He
had now gone through most of the topics introduced in her
Majesty's Speech. They would have an opportunity of
dealing with many of those topics separately and individually;
and he should therefore conclude by repeating what he had
stated at the outset, that neither in the speech itself nor in
the language of the Noble Lords who had addressed their
Lordships did he see any necessity for doing what, without
a necessity, he always considered unwise and impolitic,
namely, to impede on the first day of the session the presen-
tation of an unanimous address to her Majesty.—(Cheers.)
Earl GREY said he rejoiced that in the speech of the
Noble Earl he found so much in which he could express
his entire and cordial concurrence. The Noble Earl
began with a very good humoured and amusing criticism,
on the order in which the various topics in
the Royal Speech were introduced. Now he thought
he could supply the Noble Earl with a key to that order.
His Noble Friend (Lord J. Russell) whose duty it was to
draw up the draft of that Speech, said he considered that the
right principle was, in the first place, to mention the events
of moss importance which had occurred since the proroga-
tion of Parliament, and accordingly the early part of the
Speech contained an allusion to those events. Then followed
a reference in due course to the financial measures of the
year; after that came the various measures which had been
adverted to, and lastly, there was introduced what was likely
to engross the largest share of attention in Parliament. This
was the key to the order which had been observed. The
Noble Earl then found fault with his Noble Friend for the
sanguine expectations which he had expressed with regard to
an improvement in the state of agriculture. Now, though
he was sorry to incur the Noble Lord's reprehension, he felt
bound to say that in his judgment his Noble Friend's ex-
pression of hope for the future was not in the least degree ex-
aggerated or unwarranted by the present state of things.—
(Hear.) For what was the present state of things? In the
first place, the British farmer, in the greater part of the
kingdom, had had the advantage of a very excellent .crop.
In the next place it was perfectly notorious that prices had
for the most part been highly remunerative—oats, barley,
wool, and cattle, had all sold latterly at good prices.—( Hear,
hear.) Even with regard to wheat, though no doubt the
price had been low, they had witnessed a very remarkable
circumstance. A few years ago no Noble Lord would have
been prepared to see this country exporting wheat to supply
. the exigencies of other countries; but, through advantages
which he had acquired of late years, the British farmer had
been so enabled to reduce the cost of production as to have
become an exporter of wheat. The Noble Earl had re-
served his opinion as to whether it might not be nece-sary
at some future period to impose a revenue duty on wheat,
observing that he feared the effect of the present system
would be, that they would be left to a greater and greater
extent dependent on foreign nations for their supply of the
most necessary article of food. Now, he saw around him
many Noble Lords who had a practical and personal know-
ledge of the state of agriculture, and he would appeal to
them whether, from one end of the country to the other,
the progress of improvement and the increase of cultiva-
tion were not beyond what any of them had anticipated?
—(Hear, hear.) On the previous day he spoke to a
Noble Friend of his who came from that great agricul-
tural county (Lincolnshire), and his Noble Friend told
him that in that county he had never seen draining—that
great foundation of agricultural improvement—going on
with so much spirit and eagerness. He had heard the same
as to Devonshire, he knew the same in reference to Northum-

LONDON,

sent state of the world, the great increase in the armies of
foreign powers, together with those improvements in the
art of war which rendered that increase so much more
formidable than it would otherwise be, dictated to
them the propriety of directing their attention to
this important subject, and not neglecting to pro-
vide the necessary means of defence. He con •
curred with the Noble Lord that any measure which
might be proposed should, as far as possible, be consistent
with an adherence to the pacific policy which had hitherto
prevailed.—(Hear, hear.) The Noble Earl next adverted to
that most distressing subject, the war now raging on the
eastern frontier of the Cape colony. He had already that
evening laid oa the table papers which contained the fullest
information up to the latest date, including dispatches re-
ceived on Saturday last, and as those papers would soon be
in their Lordships hands, probably within twenty-four hours,
it appeared desirable to abstain at present from any discus-
sion of the subject to which they related. There was only
one point to which he would invite attention. The Noble
Earl said that the difficulties of the case were greatly in-
creased by the extension of territory, particularly beyond
the Orange River, and he expressed his regret at such exten-
sion. The Noble Earl did not regret that extension of terri-
tory more than he (Earl Grey) did. In the papers which
were already laid before Parliament it was stated that this
was done without any possibility of obtaining the assent of
her Majesty's Government ; and it having been once
made, the Government had to decide upon a
balance of consideration on both sides whe-
ther they would disavow the act of the governor or whether
they would sanction it. The Government, after duly consi-
dering both sides of the question, decided that it was better
on the whole to retain the territory. The only observation
which he wished to make on this subject was that Sir H.
Smith, in one of his dispatches, said his opinion was the
same as his (Earl Grey's), that he considered it a great mis-
fortune to be compelled to extend the territory over the
district, but that he had been obliged to do so in conse-
quence of the measures which had been adopted by Sir Pe-
regrine Maitland, one of the predecessors of Sir H. Smith,
and who was governor of the colony when the Noble Earl
was Secretary of State. The Noble Earl might deny or ad-
mit the accuracy of that statement, but the defence made by
Sir H. Smith in his dispatch, received on Saturday, was
that he was compelled to extend the territory in conse-
quence of the measures adopted in 1844 and 1845 by Sir
Peregrine Maitland when the Noble Earl was Secretary
of State. Whether he was right or not, that at all
events was his opinion. The next matter adverted to by
the Noble Earl was the state of Ireland. The Noble Earl said
that the peace and order which prevailed in Ireland was
owing to the emigration and famine, and that what he called
the Irish Exodus was a singular proof of the prosperity
which was said to exist in that country. On the subject of
emigration he might be allowed to say, that during the five
years which he had been in his present office, one of the
greatest difficulties he encountered was in resisting the
strong pressure made upon him, by Noble Lords connected
with Ireland, to encourage and promote a larger emigra-
tion from that country.—( Hear, hear.) But be
always held the opinion that any interference of the
kind was unnecessary, and would be unsafe ; that pro-
cesses were in operation which would force emigration to
the full extent to which it ought to be carried, and that
if a vote of money was made for the purpose it would
only check voluntary efforts, impose, withouf necessity, a
heavy expense on the country, and run the risk of not
carrying it to the same extent.—(Hear, hear.) All these
anticipations were entirely verified by the result.—(Hear,
hear.) It was a curious circumstance, and worthy of obser-
vation, that this enormous emigration, which is unpa-
ralleled in the history of the human race, was carried en
not only without expense to this country, but was supported
from funds contributed by former emigrants to their friends
and relatives in Ireland.—(Hear, hear.) This was a cir-
cumstance most honourable to the national character of Ire-
land, and he doubted if any other country in the world
could exhibit a similar regard of relatives, and, friends.—
(Hear, hear.) He did not believe that this emigration, ex-
tensive as it was, was more than was desirable for the coun-
try— (Hear, hear)—and in his opinion Ireland was im-
proving under the process.—(Hear, hear.) He was con-
vinced that nothing but an emigration of this description
would break down the inveterate system of competing for
land, and the bad mode of employing labour which had
been the growth of centuries. But under the emi-
gration this system was rapidly going down, and it
was impossible that the disparity of wages which
existed between the two countries could much
longer exist under it. He was informed that this
curious circumstance was already taking place,
namely, that some of the people who had gone to America had
returned home under the feeling that if; they worked as hardly
in Ireland as they were obliged to do in America they would
be as well off in their own country as in America.— (Hear,
hear.) This discovery had been to a certain extent made,
and he hoped that it would still further be verified. Finding

berland. Instead of land going out of cultivation he heard, that these things were taking place, he hoped to see that re-
the other day, that it was the complaint of persons residing generation of Ireland which had been the ardent object of so
near the Downs, in the south of England, that they had many successive Governments Ifor several years.—(Hear,
reason to fear that in a few years their deligntful rides over hear.) He entirely agreed with the Noble Earl that no im.
the Downs would be destroyed by the encroachments of the provement of Ireland could be expected unless the atrocious
plough. He believed that improvement had never made system of outrage which existed in some parts of it was put
more rapid progress in agriculture than it was doing at that down.—(Hear, hear.) He could assure the Noble Earl that
moment. He could not help saying that he had heard with nothing which depended on the Government would be omitted
deep regret what fell from the Noble Lord with regard to the in order to put down a system of outrage which was entirely
imposition of a duty for revenue. This was really a question inconsistent with that security to life and property
on which it was of the deepest importance both to the agri- which was the foundation of all prosperity and
culturist and to the country at large that they should know wealth.—( Hear, hear.) Everything would be done to
where they stood, and that the determination of Parliament give security to life and property, and if the existing
should be fixed at once and for ever. If they were to have law was not sufficient for that purpose it would be the
duties on corn, let those who advocated them coma forward duty of her Majesty's Government to apply to Par-
and state their case, and let the matter be fairly argued. liament for further powers, and it would be the duty of Par-
-(Hear, hear.) He roust remind their Lordships that when liament to sanction measures, however rigorous, which would
those who were opposed to the old system desired a change, prevent the continuance f such a system of outrage.—
they did not wait till they had a majority ; they did not say (Cheers.) The next point referred to by the Noble Earl
that they had no chance in the present House of Com- related to the constitution of New :Zealand. The Noble
mons, and must wait until thiere was one more favourably Earl made a slight error in his observations on this matter,
inclined to their views. They were constantly stating their which he (Earl Grey) begged leave to correct. The Noble
case. The first minority in which he (Earl Grey) voted Earl said that in 1846 his (Earl Grey's) opinion was that
upon the question was a minority, he believed, of twelve the time had then come when the inhabitants of New Zealand
against five or six hundred ; but from that day till the should be entrusted with representative government; so
day of final triumph they never hesitated or shrunk from far :as the settlers were concerned, that was undoubtedly
discussion. Now he contended that those who thought that true. But a difficulty arose from the non-termination
the present policy was wrong and ought to be altered were of the war, and the large proportion of the native inha-
bound, in fairness to the country, and in fairness to those bitants over the European settlers ; and when he was in-
who differed from them, to bring their views clearly formed by the governor of the probable effect which it would
and distinctly before Parliament and before the have, he should be ashamed of himself if he did not
country, and to let them stand or fall by the result. confess that he he had made a mistake, or if he hesitated to
He challenged them te do so.—(Hear, hear.) And ask Parliament to reconsider the step it had taken, and to re-
when they talked to him of a duty on wheat for revenue, commend that the granting of representative institutions to
he would ask them to settle that question with some of that colony ought to be deferred. He took this step on the
their supporters; for he saw a Noble Earl opposite (the Earl representation of a governor who had been appointed by the
of Winchilsea, as was understood) who had formerly de- Noble Earl, and for selecting whom the Noble Earl deserved
nounced, in most emphatic language, the principle of rais- thanks. The services of Governor Sir G. Grey were of ines-
ing revenue from a tax on the food of the people. Let timable value to the country ' • and his firm and able adminis-
them declare fairly whether revenue or protection were their tration of the affairs of the colony was productive of as much
object. He would tell them, too, that if the object were re-
venue they were bound to impose a duty, not merely on benefit as could be expected during the comparatively short
he was governor. The Noble Lord said that they
the Bill as it originally passed. But was it heat imported, but also on wheat grown at home.—(Hear,
unna-
hear.) The next subject to which the Noble Earl referred that some modification should be made in the Bill after
was Papal aggression. The Noble Earl asked him whether dtftiuuimimdrrtae6ahler in.formation. had been obtained ? The Act passed in
otrhteaaqtpupirleyd considerable modifications it was true, but the
he was prepared to say that the measure introduced last
year had given security to the Protestant faith. That ques •
tion implied that the Bill was designed to do what he had principles on which ich the measure was founded were sound in
never expected it to do. He had never looked to an Act of themselves, and if it came into operation at the time
Parliament to give security to their Protestant faith. it was passed, it was probable that by this time it
would have received those various improvements and modifica-
Th e Earl of DERBY—Protestant institutions.
Earl GREY—WeII, upon .
what did those institutions
tions, which would leave it very much in the condition in
_
rest for their security ? Why, upon the condition of the
great body of the people of this country, of the truth of the which they now proposed to Amiss it.—(Hear, hear.) The
next topic adverted to by the Noble Earl was that portion of
religion they professed—a conviction which could her Majesty's Speech which referred to the state of the revenue.
neither be taken away nor strengthened by an He did not understand the Noble Earl to find any great fault
Act of Parliament.— (Hear, hear,) Such perfect confidence with that passage. He did not understand him to contest its
had he in the triumph of truth—so certain was he that correctness. But he said that a large portion of the revenue
discussion must tend to give additional stability and strength depended on the income-tax. That undoubtedly was the
to that which was founded in truth, that he had never case, and the income-tax must either be renewed or some sub-
looked to Acts of Parliament for protection against what was stitate found for it. The great change in their taxation dated
termed Papal aggression. If the real power of the Papacy from 1831—that was twenty-one years ago. In that year there
was its influence over the minds of the people, that power was a great reduction of taxation, and since then the process
could not be taken away by Act of Parliament. But the of reducing taxes went on, and the alteration of the incidence
object of the Act of last year was, in his opinion, very dif- of taxation, so as to give relief to industry to the utmost
ferent. He must say that he thought a most wanton insult extent possible, was carried into operation by successive
had been offered to the people of this country, and to feelings Governments. A return had been moved for in the other
deeply cherished by the great majority of the people, and it House of Parliament by one of the Members for Liverpool,
appeared to him wise and fitting that Parliament should, by which showed the total amount of the taxation which had been
a solemn legislative act, protest against that insult. He remitted between 1831 and 1850. It appeared from this
believed there was a natural tendency on the part of all paper that the taxes remitted in this period amounted to not
less than 19,290,0001., and that the imposition of new taxes
priesthoods unduly to encroach, unless kept in check by the
laity; and against such tyranny he considered it the duty in the same period amounted to 8,820,0001., so that the
of every man of independent mind to array himself. He balance on the side of the remission of taxation was not less
could not agree with the Noble Earl that the Act was a than 10,500,0004—( Hear, hear.) If he added the remission
dead letter. The dignitaries of the Roman Catholic Church of 1950, which was 1,920,0004, the balance in favour of re-
had practically submitted to it, by taking the greatest pos- duation since 1831 was not less than 12,49J,0001., and with
sible pains to avoid committing themselves by an open tois remission of taxation their Lordships would find that the
violation, and he thought it very important that the ob- ordinary:revenue of the country, instead °flailing off, had in.
ject had been so far attained. The Noble Earl had creased from 56,000,000/. in 1831, to 52,000,0001. at the pre-
adverted te the changes which had recently taken place in sent time.—(Cheers.) No increase of the population would
one of the principal departments of the Government, to the account for this remission of nearly one-quarter of the whole
retirement of the Noble Lord, the late head of the Foreign yearly national revenue, coincident with an increase in the
Office. Now, upon that subject, he thought their Lordships actual receipts of the Exchequer.—( Hear, hear.) This was
would agree with him in thinking that, at this moment it the most clear and complete demonstration which he could
would be the height of indiscretion and impropriety on his conceive of the soundness of the policy, which, to a great and
part to make any other remark than this, that he cordially greater extent, had been gradually adopted by Parliament,
concurred in the tribute which the Noble Earl had paid to with regard to the finances and the emancipation of trade.—
the talents, the ability, and the character of his Noble (Hear, hear.) In the history of the world there was
friend who had ceased to be Secretary of State for Foreign not so remarkable a spectacle of improvement in the
Affairs.—(Hear.) And he would also add the expression of resources and condition of a nation effected by the simple
his sincere and deep regret that circumstances should have receipt of emancipating industry and relieving trade from op.
arisen which had deprived his colleagues of the assistance pressive and injudicious restrictions.—(Cheers.) It was a
and advantage of that Noble Lord's co-operation in the coml. result so complete and so unanswerable in favour of the policy
cils of their Sovereign.—(Cheers.) The Noble Earl next adopted, that he never could believe that either Parliament or
proceeded to make some remarks on the state of France ; and the country would consent to give up one iota of the system
here, again, he had the pleasure of being able to express his which had been adopted, or retrace by one hair's breadth the
unqualified concurrence in every word, he believed, that fell policy which had been pursued.—( Hear, hear.) The last
from him. He had, like the Noble Lord, observed with subject adverted to by the Noble Earl related to ,the contem-
the deepest concern, and, he must say, with the plated amendment of the Reform Act of 1832. Much had
indignation also which the Noble Earl had expressed, been said en this point by the Noble Earl, which he heard with
the tone which had been assumed I)7_ a large portion of pleasure ; but he must protest against the remarks made by
the Press of this country.—(Hear.) He thought that the the Noble Earl upon his Noble Friend at the head of the
denunciations of the person at the head of the Government Government. The Noble Earl had recourse to the taunt—
of France, coupled, as the Noble Earl had remarked, with which he would have called a vulgar taunt if it had been made
the more than exaggerated—he would say the untrue—repre- by any other than the Noble Earl—that some measure of this
I.,netations of the defenceless condition of this country, were kind was promised by his Noble Friend as a lure to obtain the
occupying 'wnor
peeiytgihnhagtn,:hiF,ppornosndiltayionneoewf.himicHhperhuredeldoniicnede,,dhabtdhuatt:otfhesomething far continuance of support to his Government, and as a means of
come
foNrwobalred,Earl .propping up his falling power. He (Earl Grey,) would state
and, the real circumstances of the case.—( Hear.) Three years ago
had been employed; in his emphatic w utterly repudiated the language which various motions were
_made in_ the ether. House of Parliament
ma would join
assurance of the full
repudiation—a repud.
and he trusted that after he had given .for Parliamentary reform, which obtained considerable sup-
aneoncurrence of his colleagues in that port, not only from those who voted for the motions, but
of their Lordsh' lotion in which he thought every one also support in the. expression of opinion on the part of gentle-
Hove and hope that the defects in the present system, which experience
(Hear, hear)—he did be- men of great weight and influence, who declared that there
pointed
wise have resulted from the incalculable evils which might other- were.
lamgua e uremedy. Noble rien ,
that, however these newspapers of the newspaper press oft his won seeing the force of these remarks, and the tendency of public
tent be neutralised ; that it would trYwould to a great ex-
g need by a great part out, and which called for some His F • d
understood in foreign ' f • n opinion, declared that the time might come when it would be
opinions and feelings of their writers,opt the franchise.—(Hear, hear.) His Nbl
o e
might express,the right and proper to make some alteration in the existing law
-., . or of
they did not express which regulated
d feelin2
parliamp°aPreitgynit°.:( . , Noble Earl next adverted bitedbh
countries,
the -s of any great and - Friend expressed this opinion also in consequence of the proof
in this country power-
the Houses of which a
ful Hanear hear.) The
d like
h y fail to concur. tdhebeen given by the country of the loyal feeling exhi-
y people towards the Crown, at that period when
to the defences of the country; and on that subject, too, he all Europe was in a state of convulsion.—(Hear, hear.) Since
had expressed views perfectly just in themselves, and in that period he had to combat more than one of the various pro-
He petals made in the other House of Parliament for altering the
e, ete
(Earl Grey) entertained, Noble Earl, the fullest s It was the opinion of his Noble Friend that if he
Reform Act.
e assurances of friendly feelings which the combat these different proposals, if he said that he
which their Lordships could hardly
confidence in the continued to
Powers never would consent to alter the Reform Act, and would not
believed there existed no serious •
in the world. He
Government continued to receive from all the great
ulten- listen to any arguments on the subject, a shock would be given
tion, or he should rather say not the slightest intention, of to the foundation on which the great settlement ofi 1832 was
attacking this country the peace of the based. He therefore thought it judicious and g .
heconcurred with the Noble well-consideredt to nay
world. But at the same time,._..
be . that he would not be unfavourable to a
however pacific might the inters-time came. It
amendment of that measure when the proper. . .
Earl in thinking that,
er disturbing
ASnot fitting that the se
tiona of our neighbours, it w-- n the permanence of ae
of this country should rest entirely 0.
"s ation ocu' of these propositions, without contracting some pledge. And
amicable relation. (Hear, hear.) Thi n
security on se aced to him to be impossible to take this line in combating
too what time could be more proper for considering the subject
foundation.—(Hear hear.)
of
wimevperorvgelmareningt
high a position in the world to base its ylush a than the present? Was not that " apathy' which the Noble
Earl spoke of as a season for calmly and deliberately consider-
take care that they had the means of protecting themselves ing the question ? Was it not better to discuss it at such a
might be attempted, time, than in the midst of that excitement which would exist if
(Hear, hear.) They were bound always to
against any aggression which
hHoeweve couldr
not
founlikelyrget
was, n o cutblots,
f f
obvious, would be
thautlteivmearyteeottosutrc3c.einas
more than our own to guard against sudden aggression. got rid'of.—(Elear, hear.) But as, in the course of next week,
h—owifeivtehrad been said that no
Even in the United States, which by their position were the nature of the measure would be made known in the
almost exempt from the possibility of invasion, in addition other House of Parliament, it would be premature in him
the might
world ha ardeoanre.
to their standing army, which, though not large, was like to say anything further at present on the nature of the
the navy, very efficient, there was an organised militia measure to be proposed. All he would say now was this,
amounting in numbers more nearly to two millions than one that he fully concurred with his Noble Friend in saying ,
million of men.— (Hear, hear.) If the United States that there ought to be no disturbance of the general settle- 1
thought it necessary that some precautions of that kind ment of the Act of 1830
----(. ' Hear, hear," from the Earl
should be taken, it would hardly Derby.) If
be considered unreasonable of that was contemplated, he could assure the
that this country, so much exposed by its position to at- Noble Earl that he at least would be no party to the intro-
tack,
in the event of a misunderstanding with foreign . duction of such a measure, sad he believed he might say the
powers, should also b 9 prepared to: defeats. In the pre. tame for 911 hi, 99119W91•••(11eir.) Ile believed that the

measure of 1832 was eminently successful—that it was an
immense benefit to this country to the greatest possible degree,
and that it fully realised the anticipations of those who pro-
posed it.—(Hear, hear.) He considered that it was, in the
true sense, and not in the party sense, of the word a Conser-
vative measure, because by its means the people of this country
were placed in a situation of giving effect to their real wishes,
and a deliberate and well-considered public opinion was made
all-powerful in the nation ; because by its means measures
would be carried one by one, slowly it might be, but not the
less surely because slowly, and because it aforded the means
by which the deliberate judgment of the people was ascer-
tained and such improvements effected as the system of
the law and administration required.—(Hear, hear.) They
had seen this in the certain but gradual progress of im-
provement for the last twenty years, during which period
many measures had been carried for increasing the welfare
and happiness of the people.—(Hear, hear.) He agreed
with the Noble Earl in the opinion that no other country did
enjoy the same amount of liberty—of liberty of opinion,
liberty of speech, and liberty of conduct—that they enjoyed in
this country.—( Hear, hear.) He believed the people of this
country enjoyed more of true liberty than the people of the
United States, and there was nothing in the institutions of
that country to envy.—( Hear, hear.) He therefore concurred
with the Noble Earl in thinking that it was the duty of
I every man to cling to the institutions of the country as they
now stood, and to retain them on their existing foundations,
and such he believed was the almost unanimous feeling of the
people of this country.—( Hear, hear.) He heard with great
satisfaction the expression of the opinion of the Noble Earl
with regard to the contemplated measure, and he therefore
hoped that his support, and that of those ho acted with him,
might be obtained far the measure.—(Cheers.)
The Duke of RICHMOND said that the farmers would
hail with delight the speech of his Noble Friend, for it showed
that he still held tote opinion that a revenue duty ought to
be laid en corn for the purposes of protection.
Lord BROUGHAM referred to the revolution in France
said that the proceedings in connexion
in France in 8
with the event were of
of a more abominable character than any
which had taken place since 1792. It was most desirable
18s4 ve;
that the parties engaged in those lawless proceedings should
not be led to the conclusion that the Legislature of this
country regarded all the Governments of France for the
last sixty years as a series of usurpations—an opinion which
was favoured by what had fallen from the Noble Earl near him
( Derby). He (Lord Brougham) could never consent to call
the restoration of 1814, or the Government of Louis Philippe,
a usurpation, any snore than he could call the restoration of
Charles 11. in this country, or the revolution of 1688 a usur-
pation. He entirely agreed in reprobating the incessant at-
tacks that were made by parties in this couatry on the existing
French Government.
Earl GREY wished it to be observed that, whilst disap-
proving of these attacks, he had cautiously abstained from ex-
pressing any opinion on the internal policy of the President
of France.
Lord BROUGHAM said he entirely concurred in the pro-
priety of this course. Even if he had agreed in the condem-
nation that had been expressed of the French Government,
he should have strongly y disapproved of the mode in which
that opinion had been uttered. Deeply deploring the condi-
tion of Ireland, he felt confident that the necessary powers
for restoring tranquillity would be conceded to the Govern-
ment if they did not already possess them. Ireland must be
made a country in which people could live and be happy as
well as in other places. Men must not be in perpetual ap-
prehension of being shot from behind a hedge, or barbarously
murdered. It was this dread feeling of insecurity which had
led in a neighbouring country to the prevailing submission.
Secret societies existed in Ireland as well as in France,
These must be suppressed ; andl the proclamation of the
disturbed districts were not sufficient, they must have recourse
to what were calledthe court-martial clauses of the Act of 1833.
The Earl of DERBY said that, with the exception of the
restoration of 1814 in France, :every revolution or change of
dynasty which had taken place there had been more or less a
usurpation, using the term in a qualified sense. If the revo-
lution of 1688 in this country was not a usurpation, it was
undoubtedly a putting aside of the reigning family.
The Earl of WINCHILSEA censured the Government for
not carrying out the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill of last session.
Within twenty-four hours of its passing, the Romish ecclesi-
astics had met, and purposely and most flagrantly violated the
law. He had foretold that the Act would be nugatory, and
events had proved he was right. An effort was now making
to drive from the north of Ireland the few Protestant
landlords there remaining ; and nothing could prevent
this attempt being successful . but the enforcement of the
courts-martial clauses of the Act of 1833. Along with this,
he would re-impose a duty on foreign corn.
The Earl of YARBOROUGH implored Noble Lords op-
posite not to allow the farmers longer to remain in uncertainty
as to their intentions. He hoped either the Noble Earl
(Derby), or the Noble Duke (Richmond), would state
whether they sought to re-impose a duty on foreign grain for
revenue or for protection.—(Hear, hear.) He could state
from personal observation, that the condition of the farmers
was greatly improving ; during the present winter he had
heard of them executing large drainage and other works. He
was satisfied that so small a duty as 3s. or 45., there being
a duty of Is. now, would not be considered sufficient by the
farmers, so long as they were led away by the hope of regain-
ing what they called protection.
The Earl of DERBY said be should answer the Noble
Lord's question by another, and ask him what was the point
where he supposed that a duty ceased to be a duty for the
purpose of revenue and became one of protection?—( Hear.)
He was quite at a loss to know how the Noble Lord drew the
distinction between the two. His opinion was that any duty
to be imposed, either for the purposes of revenue or for pro-
tection, must to a certain extent act as a protective duty; and
that the amount of protection afforded was to be measured
only by the amount of the duty. The principle was the
same ; the detail might be different. He was desirous of
levying duties upon the import of foreign produce, not for
the purpose of revenue alone, but for the purpose of revenue
combined with the collateral object of affording due pro-
tection.—( Hear, hear.)
The Earl of HARROWBY agreed in the importance of
the public press of this country, while discussing foreign
affairs freely, discussing them calmly and moderately. We
had been accustomed to hear the acts of foreign Govern.
ments discussed in that and the other House, and it would
be exceedingly unwise now to lay down a rule that such
matters should not be alluded to either in the Legislature or
by the press. He believed the press of this country very
fairly to represent public opinion. He should think himself
unworthy of the position he occupied as a British senator did
he not protest against its being gagged on any question what-
ever, and against any restriction being imposed on the full
freedom of debate which the Legislature of this country had
always exercised.— (Hear, hear. )
Earl GREY said he quite agreed with the Noble Earl who
had last spoken in thinking that neither the press of this
country, nor the members of the Legislature, ought to be in-
terdicted from expressing freely and fully their opinions of
any foreign Government; and he never meant to object to any
such expression.
The Earl of MALMESBURY said that he felt as much as
the Noble Lord opposite (Grey) the value of a free press ;
and on that ground he regretted the intemperate language
which had been used by the press, as it must tend to weaken
the salutary influence of that organ. It was not only the
abuse which had been Poured upon the chief officer of a
with at peace
country us, sending an Ambassador to Ou r
Court, and receiving our Ambassador there; but it was t he
strange manner in which certain newspapers had placed side
by side, in parallel columns—first of all, vituperation and
abuse of a country notorious for somewhat of vanity and sus-
ceptibility, and of its President, and then, in an adjoining
column, a statement of the weakness of this country ; in'
viting them, as it were, to revenge on this people the Insults
thus offered. No Noble Lord would object to the freedom of
the press in its widest sense
; its personalities were what they
condemned.
was then
The question put from the Woolsack, and the
Address was agreed to.
COUNTY COURTS.
Lord BROUGHAM laid on the table a Bill, which he said
was the same es the measure relating to county courts which
he had brought forward last session, and been compelled to
withdraw.
The Bill was read a first time.
On the motion of the Earl of MINTO, Lord Redesdale was
re-appointed Chairman of eerarni ,
ttees of the House.
Their Lordships then adjourned at a few minutes after Nine
o'clock until Thursday.

ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE.
ind
Will be performed A CONSPIRATOR IN SPITE OF HIMSELF.
Mr. Inigo Inkhorn, Mr. Farren ; Tiffin, Mr. Compton ; Hastirgs,
Mr. W. Farren, jun., Bertha, Miss L. Howard; Margaret, Mrs.
Bartlett..

After which AN ORGANIC AFFECTION.
To conclude with RED RUFUS ; or, Harlequin Fact, Fiction, and
Fancy. Red Rufus, Mr. Shalders ; Clown, Mr. Edwards; Harlequin,
Mr. Forrest; Pantaloon, Mr. Tanner; Columbine, Miss Lees.

I•UiIICH'S PLAYHOUSE AND STRAND THEATRE.
Lessee. Mr. W. R. COPELAND, Liverpool.
The Warmest Theatre in London.
EVENING
Will be performed THE TWELVE LABOURS OF HERCULES.
After which, The JUVENILE PARTY.
To be followed by a new Chinese burlesque, called THE MANDA-
RIN'S DAUGHTER , or, Willow Pattern Plate. Characters by
Messrs. J. Reeve, Rogers, Romer, Attwood, Hudspeth ; Mesdames
Marshall, Sanders, Bell, Eglinton, and Maskell.
To conclude with MY SISTER FROM INDIA.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
Under tue Patronage of her Majesty and his Roya; Highness
Prince Albert.
Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Batty.
The most successful and popular Theatre In London.

Mr. Batty begs to inform his patrons that he has entered into an
engagement with Mons. FRANTZ BENSOO, the great Rope
Dancer, from Vienna, who will mak e his appearance every evening.

TIIIS EVEtialii,

Will be performed a Magnificent Spectacle, entitled BLUE
BEARD ; or, Female Curiosity, in which will be introduced a pair of
highly-trained Elephants, male and female, allowed to be the most
docile pair ever brought into Europe.
With Batty's Inimitable Scenes of the Arena, combining talent
of the highest order, both Native and Foreign.
With the most popular and only Equestrian Pantomime in Lendon,
entitled MR. and MRS. BRIGGS; or, Flinch's Festival—Mirth,
Wit, and Jollity. Harlequin, Mr. Harvey ; Columbine, Miss Avery ;
Pantaloon. Mr. Ruckman ; Clown, Arthur Nelson, who will in the
course of each evening play a number of favourite airs on the
Itsck Harmonicon.

HIGII WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
TM. DAY —Morning 36 min. after 12 I Evening 2 min after 1
To-Aoasow—Morning 26 min. after I I Evening 52 min after 1

- - ROYAL MARIONETTE
ADELAIDE-STREET, WEST S AN
TR THEATRE,D.
Continuous Novelties—Continuous Success—Continuous APPleuse—
and Overflowing Audiences.
Great Bit of the Bottle Imp.
The performances THIS ),,,,
, ENING and during the week will
commence with a new GRATIX.I.TORY ADDRESS, written and
delivered by Mr. Albany Brown.
After which, a new scene ef Apropos, entitled the MANAGER'S
800 A, with Signor Bari Tone's new Scena, The French Commenta-
tor on Shakspere.
The grand romantic Spectacle of THE BOTTLE IMP.
To be followed by a new v
-eapolltan grotesque Divertissement,
entitled ARLECIIINO FORT'',
--NATO, with the new Italian Mimes.
To conclude with the am
lii
—sal Burlesque of BOMBASTES FU
RIOSO.
A Morning Juvenile Performance To-Morrow said Saturday
next, at Three o'clock. Door,
open at Ralf-past Two.
Il
Doors open at alf-past Seen,
Private Boxes, U. Is.; Baleouy Stalls, 35.; Lower
Balcony, 25.; Amphitheatre, is.
Private ilexes and Stalls ° Stalls, 23. ;
AY be obtained at Mr. Mitchell's Royal
Library, 33, Old Bond-street ; 31 r. Sam's Royal Library, LI.
James's-street ; Mr. C. 011ivier, New Bond-street ; at all the prin-
cipal libraries; and at the Boa-office of the Thealre, Adelaide-
street. West Strand.

----------
THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.
AATLIIS EVENING,
Will be performed raeYerbeees
grand Opera of ROBERT THE
DEVIL. Robert, Mr. Fedor • Bertram. Mr. Drayton; Raimbaut,
Mr. Hangers ; Alberti, Mr.
Laihaga ' • the' Princess, Miss Crichton ;
Alice, Madill,. Eveltua tiarcia.
To conclude with; xew
Grand Christmas Pantomime, called
„ 11ARLEQULN IIOGARTH ;
kT. The Two London 'Prentice&
-01/Ice open daily from 10 to 4.

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Mr. B. Webster, Sole Lessee and Manager, Old Brompton.
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed an entirely new comic Opera, entitled A3IINTA
THE COQUETTE. Don Tenorio, Mr.
Harrison ; Garci Weiss ; Fernandez, Mr. W.
as, Mr. H. Corsi ; Aminta, Miss Louisa Pyne.
To be followed by a DUEL IN THE DARK, in which Mr. Buck.
stone and Mrs. Fitzwilliam will appear.
To conclude with a Fairy Burlesque, called THE PRINCESS RA.
DIANT AND THE STORY OF MAYFLOWER. Characters by
Messrs. Buckstone
, H. Bedford, J. Bland, Caulfield, Clark, Plimmeri,
Mrs. Fitzwilliam, M
rs. Buckingham, and Miss Collins.
----____

A Juvenile Fete on Friday, Feb. 6.
Tickets to be had at the Box-office from Eleven till Four daily.
hia...ager. Mr. T. Thompson.

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPIII,
Lessee, Mr. B. Webster ; Directress, Madame Celeste.
Enormous success of the Yankee Comedian, Mr. Josh Silsbee,
Will be pe THIS EVENING,
rformed the Farce of THE MOTHER AND CHILD
ARE DOING WELL. Lieutenant O'Scupper, Mr. Paul Bedford ;
Mr. Felix Fluffy, kr, Wright ; Maxwell, Mr. Worrell ; Emily, Miss
Emma Harding, -
To be followed by a characteristic sketch, called THE YANKEE
PEDLAR; or, Old Times in Virginia. Hiram Dodge, Mr. Silsbee ;
Morland, Mr. Worrell ; Miss Nancy Bantam, Miss Emma Harding.
After which MY PRECIOUS BETSY. Mr. Bobtail, Mr. Wright.
To conclude with a new and original Christmas Tale, called LIT-
TLE RED RIDING HOOD. Wolfram, Baron of Burliburg (sur-
named the Wolf of Biberich), Mr. Paul Bedford; Scraggenheim, Mr.
Butler; Trudchen (commonly
called Little Red Riding Hood), Miss
Kathleen Fitz williatn.

't°l4l, PRINCESS'S VIKA 11:02., OXYU2w-tatilt.l
.inder the Managementoi Mr. C. Keats
THIS EVEN LNG.
Will be Performed Shakespeare's Tragedy
principal characters bY Messrs. C. Kean, A. of HAMLET. The
Wigan, Harley, Addison
"el.' J. Vining, Meadows C. Fisher, Graham; Was PhilliPa, Miss
Murray, and M n biro. C. Ke '
After which, the Opereatta. of the SWISS COTTAGE (as acted at
Windsor Castle by it
and Mr. A. Wigan
win--eYal Command), in which Mr. and Mrs. Keeley
With a new grandappear.
Christmas pantomime, entitled HARLEQUIN
BILLY TAYLOR; or, The Flying Dutchman and the King of Ha-
ritongo. Harlequin. Mr. Cormack ; Clown, Mr. Fleamore ; Panta-
loon, Mr. Paulo; and Columbine, Miss Carlotta Leclercq.

THE WEATHER.—Sox OFFICE, FEBRUARY 4.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
46—highest since noon yesterday!
34 —lowest this morning and during the night.
45—this day, at noon.
BAROMETER, 30.05.
WIND S.W. to W.S. W.—variable, with rain all the morning,
and likely to continue.

MEETING OF PARLIAMENT

THE THIRD EDITION OF
"THE SUN►►

will be found highly interesting during the present
extraordinary Session of Parliament.
The THIRD EDITION will contain the
DEBATES of the SAME EVENING up to the
HOUR of POST ; also, SPORTING of every
description, with TATTERSALL'S on Monday
and Thursday Evenings in time for Post ; with
the GAZETTES of Tuesday and Friday, contain-
ing Army and Navy Promotions, Bankrupts, &c.,
and ALL NEWS arriving in London up to the
Hour of Post.

EXPRESS EDITIONS
ON ALL IMPORTANT OCCASIONS.

Orders received by all News-agents, and at the
Sun-Office, 112, Strand.
Sun Office, 112, Strand.
FEBRUARY, 1852.

011'min/a .7 11
LONDON, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 4, 1852.

Her MAJESTY yesterday opened in person the fifth session
of the present Parliament.
In the House of Lords, the Address in reply to the Speech
was moved by the Earl of ALBEMARLE and seconded by Lord
Laren.
The Earl of DERBY, after briefly alluding to the dismissal
of Lord PALMERSTON, on whose abilities he passed
high eulogium, censured the violent attacks which had
been made on the PRESIDENT of the French Republic by
the press in this country, reiterated his opinion in favour of
the imposition of a duty on the importation of foreign corn,
and stated that as there was nothing in the speech of either
the mover or seconder of the Address calculated to inter-
rupt the tone of unanimity which ought to prevail on such
occasions, he should not feel it necessary to move any
amendment.
Earl GREY taunted the Proteetionists with their
timidity in not boldly proposing to Parliament the
question of protection or no protection. He concur-
red in reprobating the language which had been
used vituperative of the French PRESIDENT, but
whilst believing that there did not exist the slightest in-
tention of attacking us on the part of any other country,
he still thonght it our duty to be prepared in case we be
attacked.
After a brief conversation, in which Lord 13nouarritist and
the Duke of Ricirmorin joined, the House adjourned.
In the Commons, after several new writs had been ordered,
Mr. HATTER mentioned the order in which certain
measures would be introduced by the Government. On the
9th inst. Lord JOHN RUSSELL would introduce a Bill to ex-
tend the right of voting for Members of Parliament, and to
amend the laws relating to the represent.tion of the people;
on the 13th, the Noble Lord would introduce a Bill to amend
the law relating to the local militia; and on the same day,
Mr. LAnoucirEnz would Introduce a Bill for regulating in-
ternational copyright with France. Oa the 16th, Sir PAGE
WOOD (Solici.tur•General) would introduce a Bill for the
reform of th• t ourt of Chancery ; and on the same day, Sir
GEORGE GREY would introduce a Bill to disfranchise the
borough of St. Albans.
The Royal Speech having been read,
Sir R. A. BULKELEY moved and Mr. BONHAM CARTER
seconded the Address.

Sir BENJAMIN HALL then rose for the purpose of asking
for explanations relating to the late change which had taken
place in the Ministry by the substitution of Earl GRANyn.az
for Lord PALMERSTON as Secretary of State for Fo, eign
Affairs, and adverted to the remarkable circumst.nce that
the Breslau Gazette should have spoken of the dismissal of
Lord PALMERSTON in its publication of the 25th December,
the fact itself having only been announced in London on the
day before. The statement in the Breslau paper was fol-
lowed by rejoicings of an extraordinary kind in Vienna.
Lord Jour RUSSELL and Lord PALMERSTON then entered
into detailed explanations, the importance of which is such
that we refer our readers to the full report which appears in
our Parliamentary intelligence, rather than weaken the force
of them by abridgement.
Mr. H. BAILLIE said that it was his misfortune to differ
from Lord PALMERSTON as to his foreign policy, but having
listened to Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S statement, his conviction
was that the Noble Lord had been offered up as a sacrifice for
the sins of the whole Administration.
Mr. M. MIEN=S, Lord D. STUART, and Mr. ROEBUCK,
expressed similar opinions, more or less strongly.
Mr. DISRAILI took a general review of all the topics in the
Queen's Speech.
The state of Ireland was brought under notice by Mr. B.
OsnoaNE, Mr. E. B. ROCHE, Mr. NAPIER, and some other
Members.

The Address was agreed to ; and at a Quarter to Ono o'clock
the House adjourned till to-day at Four o'clock.

Although the statement put forward in almost the
first paragraph of the Speeeh from the Throne to the
effect that friendly relations with each and all of the
foreign Powers indiscriminately have been up to this
moment uninterruptedly maintained, is calculated, of
course, to relieve much of the anxiety recently felt in
reference to the possibility of another outbreak of
war *in Europe—there can be very little doubt that
the more enthusiastic alarmists will be unwilling to
forego the delights of that course of excitement upon
which they have recently adventured. Their brag-
gadocio affectation of patriotism is not by any means
to be so very easily quieted. They must needs
" strut and fret their little hour upon the stage;'
to the delight of those old women who arew credulous
Never
their enough to place reliance on heroism.
mind what the QUEEN say
de-
luded by any one of the stereotyped phrases of the
document read by her, at the suggestion of her Go-
vernment. —they are not to be
have set their hearts
upon a series of very warlike recreations. For the
Besides which, they
determined to foment
next half-year at least they are
the martial feelings of the population. From all this
there is evidently no help for it. The more
sensible part of the community are fated, it
would appear, to hear nothing for a long
while to come but the silliest of all imaginable
kinds of small talk, that of the more shallow-pated
class of civilians affecting a valour they really have
not, and babbling without cessation in the phrase.
ology of old campaigners. In OA* manner we have
heard more than enough already about rifle-clubs
and extensions of the militia, and so forth, until the
technicalities of the barrack have become familiar in
the people's mouths as " household words." Now, all
along, our views upon this matter have been consistent
in every particular. Long before the commencement
of the late ridiculous panic we in sisted upon the
necessity of increasing the means of our national de-
fences. Aware of the insufficiency of the arrange-
ments already in existence along our coasts, we wel-
comed with no inconsiderable satisfy ction the solemn
warning which, through a letter to Sir JOHN Bug-
GOYNE, was addressed to the cola try at large by
his Grace the Duke of WELLINGTO3 . With similar
satisfaction we afterwards took omasion to refer to
the masterly manner in which the peril of oar
revealed
position as an insular pow, was

ROYAL LiCs.U3,l TiILATRE.
Under the Management of 4adame Vestris.
THIS EVENING,
Win be performed
TTIE GAME OF SPECULATION. Principal characters by
Messrs. C. Mathews, F. Matthews,
Horn, and Miss M.lt. Roxby, ii. Baker ; Mrs. C.
Oliver.
A new and original Fairy
To conclude with
Extravaganza, by 3. R. Planche, Esq.,
entitled TIIE PRINCE OF HAPPY LAND ; or, The Fawn in the
Forest. Characters by Madame Yestris, Miss St. George, Miss
Lanza, Miss 31artindale, Miss Grove, Miss Ellis, Miss Rosina Wright,
Messrs. F. Matthews, B. Baker, Suter, aorucastle, Butler, and
Vffrion.

by Sir FRANCIS HEAD, in the work dedicated
by him to the women of England, What we
were anxious to witness from the outset of the in-
quiry, was the adoption of a new and more compre-
hensive system of defence, calmly, methodically, if
possible sub rosa, but most certainly and most as-
suredly, without the boastful shouts, unworthy of a
great people ; or, rather, worthy alone of a gang
of ignorant and pot-valiant bruisers. Such, unhap-
pily, has not been the course recently adopted.
Toe panic got up by the alarmists seems for a
while to have disturbed the sobriety of the popular
judgment. There has been heard of late an
amount of fustian and bombast in allusion to the chances
of invasion such as is sufficient, in all conscience, to
provoke a sensation of nausea on the part of those
whe preserved their intellects in some degree of se-
renity. Together with this, moreover, we have been
doomed to listen to vituperations upon neighbouring
states calculated more than anything to bring about
the very invasion dreaded by the vituperators. Upon
this lamentable display of ill-feeling, of irritability,
and of a total absence of common sense and com-
mon judgment, the Pants MINISTER commented
in the course of his speech last evening—
alluding to the circumstance in language which we
are willingly the means of disseminating through-
out the population. Speaking of the frequency and
virulence of these ill-judged vituperations upon a
foreign Power holding friendly relations with her
MAJESTY'S Government, Lord JOHN RUSSELL ob-
served, "I confess that I have seen with very great
regret the language which has been used by some
portion of the press of this country regarding the
affairs of France. I remember something as a boy,
and I have read more, of that which occurred during
the peace of Amiens, which rendered that peace of so
short a duration, and which involved these two great
nations in the most bloody war which ever mangled
the face of Europe. I believe that temperate discus-
sion, temperate negotiation, between the two coun-
tries might have averted the calamity of war with
England, but that the language of the press at that
time was such as greatly to embitter all negotiation,
and to prevent the continuance of that peace. Sir, I
should deeply regret if the press of this country at
the present time were to take a similar course." Now
the words here uttered by Lord JOHN RUSSELL
contain nothing more nor less than a repe-
tition of the warning we ourselves have already
addressed through these columns to the more agitated
section of the community. They say in other lan-
guage it is true, but clearly enough—Beware, lest in
the fever and fury of your indignation you revive
feelings of hostility between two races now allied with
each other, and plunge England anew into a bloody
and expensive war by creating another blind and
bigotted anti-Bonapartephobia ! A circumstance
which would be only productive of the more
serious lamentation, if we couple with the
foregoing remarks the observations subsequently
made: by the PRIME MINISTER in his speech of yes-
terday, when he said, " We have indeed the great
advantage over the time to which I refer, which is
that the FIRST CONSUL of France, great as were his
abilities, was totally ignorant of the means and of the
constitution of this country; the present PRESIDENT
of France has that advantage over his uncle, that he
is perfectly aware how much liberty, nay, how much
license of discussion prevails in this country, and that
the fiercest and most unmeasured invectives of the
press do not imply any feeling of hostility either on
the part of the Government of the country or of the
people." Fortunately, by means of that very
fact, England may possibly be spared the necessity
(otherwise we should be inclined to believe inevitable)
of becoming involved in a war, which must, if
once aroused, spread far and wide throughout the
powers and principalities of Christendom.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We bare received the PsiTs journals of yesterday.
The Debats mentions a report that M. VERON and M.
GB...lrma DE CASSAGNAC, of the Constitutionnel, will be
candidates, one at Algiers and the other in Paris; and
that M. LARADIT intends to present himself to the elec-
tors of Auxerre.

Notice has been given to the shipowners of Bor-
deaux by the French Government, that the Haitian
Cabinet has resolved that citizens of Haiti cannot return
to that island without a special authorisation of the EM-
PEROR himself ; and they are accordingly recommended
to take care that all Haitians applying to them for a
passage shall produce such an authorisation.

The—Bourse was agitated, and after various fluctuations Go-
vernment Securities closed with a considerable improvement.
The Five per Cents. opened at 103 f., fell to 1021. 10c., rose sub-
sequently to 103 f. 30c„ and closed at 103 f. 15c. for the end of the
month ; the Three per Cents. closed at 64f. 60c. ; Orleans Railroad
Shares, I,oBof. ; Rouen, 657 f. 50c. ; Havre, 2601. ; Great Northera,
5632'. 75c.; Avignon, 222 f. 50c ; Vierzon, 497 f. 50c.; Basle, 206 f.
25c. ; Bordeaux, 428 f. 75c. ; Paris and Strasburg, 457 f. 50c. ; Tours
and Nantes, 295 f. ; Amiens to Boulogne, 281 f. 251.; Paris and Lyons,
572 f. 50c.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, FEB. 3.
The only transactions to• day were—Boulogne and Amiens,
107.,, ex d.—Northern of France, 18.

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 29th ult. have arrived.
The King-Consort has returned to Madrid.
The Orden, a Government organ, says—" We are
enabled to confirm the intelligence publish. d in one of
yesterday's journals, stating that Lord HownEN will re-
tain his post of British Representative at Madrid. We
rejoice at it in the interest of both nations. Cabinets
see external affairs through the eyes of their diplomatic
agents, who are also their necessary channels of action
—hence the great influence of the character, feelings,
and opinions of such agents. Who has not observed the
enormous difference, under the same British Foreign
Secretary of State, between the policy and conduct of
the present Envoy Extraordinary and the intrigues of
his predecessor? Nations do not entertain mutual rela-
tions for the purpose of injuriog each other, but for mu-
tual good understanding and prosperity. The wisest
policy is the most sincere and loyal one. This was the
impression of the Spanish Government when, on Lord
HowDEN's tendering, in the last change at the Foreign-
office, his conditional resignation, founded on motives of
delicacy, it desired that the distinguished esteem which
his Lordship has succeeded in inspiring in all classes of
society with his noble and high-minded conduct should
be known in London. Good harmony is as useful to
Spain as to the other states with which she is in friendly
relations. _

MADRID BOLSA, JAN. 29.—Three per Cents., 36;
after Boles, 38k. New Three per Cents., 18i; after
Boise, 18k p. Coupons, 9k ; after Bolsa, 9k, Passives,
5 9.16; atter Boise, 5 9-16. Bank of St. Ferdinand,
1031. Exchange on London, 50 90.

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