The Sun.
London, England, 1852-09-16 00:00:00

and out of Parliament, but he doggedly refused to
remedy the evil. He was wedded to his opinion that
his own idea was the best,—because it would involve
much trouble in making the change, and because he
was morbidly sensitive as to admitting that he was
wrong. Yet, what changes of opinion were his, how
decided, how complete, and, we might add, how noble
in their operation for the public weal.

The Bourse recovered is spine rue,,sure I rem the de-
pression of the last two days. The Four-and-a-Half per
Cents. opened at 103 f. 80c., and closed at 104 f. 20c.
for the end of the month; the Three per Cents, closed
at 77f. 60c.; Orleans Railway Shares. 1,448 E 75c.; Rouen,
371 f. 25c.; Great Northern, 688 f. 75c;
AB7vOin; olin,av4r9ek; Basle, 313 f. 75c.; Paris and Strasburg,
713 f.; Paris and Lyons, 795 E; Lyons and Avignon,
592 f. 50c.; St. Dizier to Gray, 540 f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, SEPT. 15.
Charleroi and Erquelines, 15—Dijon and Besangon, 25/8
Luxembourg, 63/4—Namur and Liege, 714—Northern of
France, 27—Ditto, 201. 3 per cent. Bonds, 14—Paris and
Lyons, 21,4—Paris and Orleans, 573/4—Paris and Rouen, 34
—Paris and Strasbourg, 27 y. Sambre and Meuse, 9.

Is 1,000/. made in trade, by a profession, or by
salary (dying when the recipient dies), worth as
much as 1,0001. a year inherited from land ? Or, in
other words, is a life-interest worth as much as a
perpetual property? If not, do justice by putting the
assessment on the property value of the two interests
—that which is of uncertain and that which is certain.
Treat both as property, and assess them accordingly,
If you earn 1501. a year, by manual or mental
labour,—which earning may cease suddenly and for
ever, by the hand of GOD visiting you with ailments
of mind or body,—are you on as good a footing as
your neighbour who has 1501. a-year from landed
property or from the funds ? Of course you are not ;
of course, therefore, you ought not to be put on an
equality, as to the taxation on property, with your
more fortunate neighbour. Where he pays a shil-
ling, you ought not pay to more than threepence.
Two principles will be borne in mind, we hope,
whenever there is an assessment of the Income and
Property Tax. One is, that it shall be graduated, so
that the poor man's proportion shall be smaller (as it
ought to be) than that of the rich man—for the pay-
ment is from one's necessity, and from the other's
luxury. Another is, that whatever is the minimum
exempted from the tax (it is now all under 1501)
the payment shall be on the overplus and not
on the gross amount. Thus, if a man's income be 1491.
193. 11d., he is free from income and property-tax ;
but if he has the misfortune to possess the odd penny,
which raises it to 1501., he must pay his tax of seven-
pence per pound, not on the amount which brings
him within the tax, but on the whole. If his income
be under 1501. he is tax-free, if it exceed it by one
penny, then comes the monstrous injustice and ab-
surdity of making him pay 41. 7s. 6d. income-tax on
that single penny 1

SPAIN.
The Madrid journals of the 10th contain no politica
news of interest.

The Diario announces that it will henceforth ap-
pear only as a literary and scientific journal.
The QUEEN and the KING had paid a visit to the
town of Scgovia ; the Infant Princess of the ASTU-
RIAS accompanied them. They were received with
acclamation.

The Three per Cents. were done at 46i ; the New
Three per Cents. at 24 11-16; the Debt of the first
class at 12k; and that of the second at 6 7.16.

GERMAN Y.
The official Vienna Gazette of the 10th contains a
leader, from which it not only appears that it is the
intention of the Austrian Government to let France
act with perfect freedom with respect to the question
of the proclamation of the empire, but that Austria
even approves of that transition, as being favourable
to the cause
.)f tranquillity and order.
We read In the Augsburg Gazette of the 12th
that Austria wants the Zollverein to be renewed for
five or sixysars, at the same time that negotiations
shall be going on for the conclusion of a treaty of
commerce with her. In signing the protocol of
Vienna, the eoalised states have engaged not to enter
into any negotiations separately. But the Augsburg
Gazette adds that they have also, by secret articles,
enteredinto an engagement with Austria to renew
the Zollverein for five or six years ,only. and gives
this as a reason why Russia insists in its answer upon
renewing the Zollverein for twelve years.
The semi-official publication, the Official Corre-
spondence, of Vienna, contains a lon article on the
state of the customs' question, of which the following
may
.be looked on as a summary :—" The customs'
question is still at the same point in Germany. Austria
and Prussia both maintain the position which they
respectively took up from the commencement.
As to the coalised states, their dispositions are repre-
sented to vary, according as intelligence arrives from
Vienna or Berlin. Thus the partisans of Austria say
that the union continues to be perfect between those
and that in the reply they are to make on the
show that such is the case. According to the
15th states,
of
this
mcntli to the Prussian ultimatum they
will
Prussian version, on the contrary, there is confusion
in the coalition, and though Bavaria and Hesse re-
main faithful to Austria, Wurtemburg and Baden
lean towards Prussia. The truth on this point will,
however, soon be known, as the delay fixed by
Prussia for a definitive reply expires on the 15th.
It is true that some persons represent that this reply
will be evasive like the preceding, and will only cause
new delay. But it must be remembered that Prussia
,
hasdeclared that she will no longer allow any
reply of that kind, and will consider any
dilatory pretext as a rupture of the negotiations. It
seems that this rupture may be considered as nearly
accomplished
at least for a certain time. But it is
not less true that all the rumours of hostility being
likely to arise out of it between Prussia and Austria,
have not the least foundation. If the rupture of
commercial relations be accomplished, Austria will
continue her expectant policy, and Prussia will form
a separate association with the Stales which are al-
ready ranged on her side. And then they will wait
for a more favourable opportunity to come to a
general nnderstanditg—if that time ever arrives."
A letter from Vienna, 9th, says :—" It is stated
that in the commencement of next year, a third loan
of 80 millions of florins will be contracted, but on this
occasion, it will be done abroad. Several banking
houses have already offered to charge themselves with
the affair."

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The Moniteur says :—" Several journals have re-
produced reports which had before been contradicted
relative to a treaty of commerce with England.
These reports are entirely void of any kind of
foundation."
The following details of the PRINCE PRESIDENT'S
tour up to Monday evening are supplied by Galignani:
" The train, which left the Paris terminus with Prince
Louis Napoleon and his suite, amidst the loud acclama-
tions of the spectators, proceeded along the Orleans line
with great rapidity. At every station crowds of per-
eons were assembled to seo the President pass, and
everywhere the train was received with shouts of Viva
Napoleon.' At Vierzen, M. Pastoureau, the Prefect of
the Cher, and the Duke de Mortemart, in command of
the military division, were in attendance to receive the
Prince. An immense crowd had assembled in the
neighbourhood of the railway station, and all greeted
the President with acclamations. The Prefect presented
to the Head of the State the mayor, the deputy-mayors,
the municipal council, and the principal functionaries of
the place. The train only - remained there a few
minutes, and then dashed on across the fertile plains of
the Berry covered with vines, from which might be
seen to spring up the picturesque towers of many a
village church. Here, every station was decorated with
flowers, evergreens, and a great number of tri-coloured
theflag flags.
a t ilonn atl mo
ao cst
bright glare on the thousands of peasants who lined the
oenvseirdye
rpalbalceehuge distanceb onafir
or eusndilluminated
sides of the railway. At about six o'clock the steeples
of Bourges appeared close at hand. The town was
already illuminated, and amidst the blaze might be
seen the imposing mass of the towers of the cathedral.
btoellthoef
sTahinetcEantnieonnneofthuthnederpeodlygfoornthantdheirthewegleroeamte
President. The station was splendidly lit up and orna-
mented with shrubs and flowers. The band of the 9th
regiment of artillery was in attendance, and played
military airs whilst the train was coming up. Immense
acclamations burst out when the President made his ap-
pearance. The Prince was received at the station by
M. Planchet, the mayor, the members of the municipal
council, General Bonne, in command of the artillery,
the colonels of the sth hussars and of the 15th regiment
of the line, and a number of other high functionaries.
Cries of Vivo Napoleon!' here burst out afresh, and
continued for several minutes. Tho Prefect then pre-
sented to the Prince the mayor and the other civil
authorities, and, after a short conversation with those
gentlemen, the Prince moved forward to quit the station.
" No speech was delivered, according to the order of
the Minister of the Interior. The Prince and the Minis-
ters then proceeded towards the city. On entering the
Prince mounted on horseback, and was followed also on
horseback by the Ministers of War and Police, the Pre-
feet, the Secretary-General of the Prefecture, General
Duke de Mortemart, General Borme, General de None,
commanding the subdivision, the Colonel Director of Ar-
tillery and Fortifications; Generals Roguet, de Montebello,
and de Goyan, and Colonel Fleury, aides-de-camp to the
Prince, and all the officers composing the staffof the division.
The mayor, deputy-mayors, and municipal councillors
of the city, together with deputations from the muni-
cipalities of Sancerre and St. Amend, followed either
in carriages or on horseback. A detachment of the
sth Hussars preceded the Prince. A line was formed
along the streets by the National Guards, the 9th Ar-
tillery, and the 15th of the Line. Tho crowd was im-
mense, and along the line of march enthusiastic cries
arose of Vive Napoleon!' The Place and the Porte
St. Sulpice were handsomely decorated. Over the gate
were wreaths, tricolour streamers, and escutcheons
bearing the arms of the city; there were also the
initials of Louis Napoleon surmounted by an imperial
crown. All the houses were handsomely decorated, and
the enthusiasm of the people was very great. The
Hotel-Dieu and the principal house of the Sisters of
Charity were also adorned with wreaths of flowers and
tricolour ribbons, and with the inscription: 'To Louis
Napoleon, the saviour of families, the protector of re-
ligion.' The Smuts de Charisk were drawn up in a line,
and as the Prince passed he saluted them with marked
attention.
"At half-past six, the cortege arrived in front of the
cathedral. Here, with the shouts of Viva Napoleon!'
was intermingled that of Viva l'Empereur !' The Car-
dinal Archbishop of Bourges and his clergy were drawn
up inside the grand entrance of the sacred edifice, ready
to receive the Prince. As soon as the arrival of the
cortege was announced, his Eminence descended to the
bottom of the steps at the head of his clergy, and offered
to the Prince holy water and incense. All formal ad-
dresses being prohibited, he then welcomed the Prince
in the following terms:—
"' Prince,—We wished to lay at the feet of your Im-
perial Highness the sentiments with which we are pene-
trated towards you; silence is imposed on us, but rend in
our hearts, Prince, and you will there seo a devotedness
and a gratitude which can only be equalled by our pro
found respect.'

ITALY.
The Giornale dells Due Sicilie of the 3d announces
that the King of NAPLES has just granted pardons
to 362 political offenders who had been exiled to the
islands reserved for such prisoners. Among them were
seventy men who had served under the late Venetian
Government, the remainder were soldiers of the corps
of Lombard volunteers of 1849.
The Neapolitan Government has published a de-
cree, doing away with the temporary quarantine
which had been laid on vessels and produce coming
from Algeria, at the time when suspicions were enter-
tained of the sanitary state of the colony.

THE DUKE'S DEATM—LIVERPOOL,WEDNESDAY.—
The announcement in The Sun of yesterday evening of the
Duke of Wellington's death caused great excitement in all
parts of the town, and up to a late hour its report was not
credited, and especially as the Telegraph Company had not
been able to ascertain its truth. The old newspaper reader,
nlllodrentemcahgeeoliwell:
etlnsesi3Prelraole h a r g e .
Another
remembering The Sun's activity and vigilance before the
establishment of railroads and telegraphs, gave full belief to
The Sun's announcement, and but for the wire communicator
it would have had here the field alone for eight hours.—
From a Correspondent.
DEATH OF THE DUBE OF WELLINGTON.—A brief
ponaceoifn2t'hhee
ISliesteo,rylaosftthneiglashtt,
brings intelligence of the death of the venerable warrior,
announcement from
saollaatregeedaitsi
r.—Galignaiii of Wednesday.
great whose
Eduereedpse
European
occupy
The purchases of buyers both from the
The commercial advices from New York describe
continued animation in the markets for most kinds of im-
ported goods.
southern and western states have been very large, and many
additional orders had consequently been transmitted to
Europe. The stock market had been active, but the specu-
lative descriptions of securities had not shown any signs of
recovering from their recent fall. The nature of the building
for the proposed Crystal Palace in New York had been de-
cided upon, the plan selected being that of Messrs. Carstensen
and Gildsmiester. It will be in the form of a Greek cross,
with a dome in the centre, but will not cover more than an
eighth of the space occupied by the Crystal Palace, in Hyde-
present month. Under its
new postage law was to com-
mencephlets, &c., not exceeding
provisions')ark
yearly in advance. Books not
three ounces are to be sent to any part of the United
be charged 1 cent. per ounce
States for or a halfpenny sterling, and at half that
transmitted free in the county of pub-
tpt operation
newspapers, Pamphlets,
of f
pt
thea
jalh e
over that distance. Weekly
fiuoi
enradhteiarolnf3,,to:
newspapers rate when
g 4p
arel .d
teqoau
cabhar
ent quarterly
rl2ye
coteren t s .
,not weighing more than an
ounce and a half, can he circulated within their own state
newspapers, &e,
autho-
rizes a contract to be entered into for five years, at 100,000
dolls. a year, for a mail steam line from New Orleans to
Tampico and Vera Cruz. The vessels are to be of not less
than 800 tons, and the trips are to be performed three times
a month. Should the line be formed advices from Mexico
would be received with great speed and regularity by tele-
graph from New Orleans to New York. There was nothing
later from California. The recent accounts received from this
side of the yield of the Australian gold-fields were attracting
great attention.
GREAT SCARCITY or SILVER COINAGE.—There
never was known for many years so great a scarcity of the
silver currency as at present, in consequence of the very
large exportations of silver that have recently taken place
to Port Philip, Melbourne, Geelong, Sydney, and other
ports of our Australian colonies, for the convenience of the
adventurers at the "gold diggings o Not a vessel leaves
the port of London, Plymouth, Bristol, Liverpool, &c., but
takes out a considerable amount both of gold and silver
specie, either by speculators who are proceeding to the
above colonies for the purpose of making large purchases
of gold from the emigrants now working at the diggings,
or consigned by capitalists and bullion dealers to their
agents at Port Philip,
• &c., for the same specific purpose. It
is with much difficulty that the bankers in the City and
west-end can obtain silver currency to any amount either
at the Bank of England or the Royal Diint to accommodate
their correspondents in the different
Manches-
ter, parts of the United
Kingdom with silver coinage. Atßirmingham
Liverpool, and other large a
commercial towns, the de-
mand at the various banks for silver is so great that the'
are unable to supply parties with more than 100/. to 200 t ,
as not only is a vast quantity being shipped off to Australia.
and India, but the demands for silver bullion and specie for
France, Belgium, Holland. flamburgh, and the continent,
are also very extensive. In consequence of this immense
call for silver, it appears that the authorities at.the Blint
intend having a considerable amount immediately coined into
specie, and likewise gold currency of half-sovereigns and
sovereigns for the convenience of ,the emigrants, who are
placed in great difficulties from the want of a small circu-
lating meuium in exchange for their gold.
LAYING DOWN OF A SUBTERRANEAN LINE or
ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH BETWEEN LONDON AND DOVER, IN
CONNEXION WITI I TILE SUBMARINE CABLE. -- Dover;,
WEDNESDAY. —ln a few weeks will be completed a secon a
connexion with line of electric communication, inthe conti-
nental telegraph, between this point of the coast and the
metropolis. It has been promoted by the European. Tele-
graph novelties is
Company, and one of its peculiar that it
is being laid down along the old coach road, through Dept-
ford, Greenwich, Shooters-hill, Dartford, Gravesend, Strood,
Rochester, Chatham, Sittingbourne, Faversham, Canterbury,
&c. to Dover. As may be known, the South-Eastern
Railway Company are the proprietors of the present tele-
graph, and as the company would not sanction the formation
of a second line of telegraph, the plan was devised of laying
the wires under ground along the road, similar to those which
are conveyed under the metropolitan streets to the several
telegraph stations. Sanction was obtained of the different
road trusts, and some 200 or 300 workmen are now actively
employed day and night on the works. The copper wires,
six in number, are encased in nutty percha ; and being de-
posited in a kind of trough, constructed of kyanised timber,
it, is laid in a trench dug in the road, some foot and a half
from the surface. In order that there should mot be the
possibillity of the wires failing, test boxes, by which the
wires are proved, are erected every mile. The works are
proceeding with the utmost expedition. A mile and a half
is completed every day. According to present arrange-
ments, the six wires, as we were informed, will be so appor-
tioned— two to Paris, two to Brussels, and two for the Me-
diterranean route. At present it is not known whether there
will be any intermediate station between London and Dover.
The telegraph is completed as far as Chatham from Cornhill.
SUDDEN DEATH, AT MANCHESTER, OF ME.
THOMPSON, THE COMEDIAN. —This actor, who has been one
of the regular corps at the Manchester Theatre Royal since
the first • night edifice, expired suddenly
opening of the new edifice,
tri Sunday evening last. lle had for some time past—in-
deed, it is said, from childhood—laboured under a disease of
the heart; and, having recently taken cold, he suffered more
than usual. lie has left no family.

" The Prince replied as follows:
"' Monsieur le Cardinal,—l am profoundly touched
by the sentiments you express to me. They are a
good augury for me at the commencement of the
journey I have undertaken; the wishes which are
made for me by a prelate so distinguished, and a
clergy so excellent for their virtues, will have a fortu-
nate effect.'

" The President was then conducted in procession to
the choir, amidst the pealing of the organ. A passage
was formed for him between two lines of the clergy, and
he bored to them repeatedly. The Prince knelt on a
cushion prepared for him, in front of the principal altar,
and the Ministers, the Generals, and the rest of the
cortige remained standing. The clergy then chanted the
Domini salvum Jac Napoleonem, and the Archbishop
recited the Oremus.

"After tho service, the Prince left the cathedral, and
proceeded on foot, accompanied by the Cardinal, to the
Archiepiscopal Palace, where ho was to pass the night.
The Place do la CathiSdrale, close to which the palace is
situated, was brilliantly illuminated. Over the prin-
cipil entrance to the palace were to be seen the
letters L. N., surmounted by an Imperial crown.
The bands of the sth Hussars and of the
of for
National Guards were present, and played mili-
tary airs during the evening. At the foot of the grand
Staircase were ranged thirty-five young girls, each hold-
In_gae
cibouquet,, which they presented to the Prince as he
i'
sst•
y-
stt
covershalf-past
t sevenwh ic theh
w Presidentere
presenthtande a
[G Cardinal,dinner
the firbt Vicar
: Vicar-General, General Duke do Mortemart,
the Prefect
1 Le„igiative MM.B,Bidault and Duranty, deputies of the
ners of the reedy, the generals of the district, the colo-
functionaries.giment in garrison, and several other high
" In the evening a Splendid display of fireworks, pre-
ot, eri of Paris,
all kinds were prepared fo was let ss: Amusements of
the public in different parts
of the town. The Place
point of attraction; it Ne rancourt was the principal
as brilliantl
y illuminated, and
in a vast tent a splendid ball w
Archbishop's Palace and the Prefectureas to be given. The
particu-
larly distinguished fur the splendourof were
eihr illumina-
tion. The cathedral was at intervalitlhi
Bengal fire, and the effect thus produced lighted up by
was mag-
nificent."
It, is stated that, on the occasion of the visit of the
PRINCE PRESIDENT to Marseilles, upwards of 50,000
persons are expected in the city from all parts of
the department and from Corsica, the Var, the
Basses-Alps and Algeria. It is said also that the
steamers of Naples, Civita-Vecchia, Genoa and Nice,
will bring a considerable number of visitors.
The inauguration of the statue of DESCARTES took
took place on Sunday last at Tours. A grand cortege
was formed of the civil and military authorities which
proceeded from the Hotel-de-Ville to the place where
the statue had been erected, and where tribunes had
been constructed for their accommodation. A great
number of strangers were present, among whom
was the Count DE NIEUWERKERKE, to whose talent
the statue is due. The removal of the covering was
the signal for an immense burst of acclamations from
the thousands assembled.

THURSDAY EVENING, SIiPTEMB