The Sun.
London, England, 1852-08-03 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON,

purer water, more regular drainage, and more effec-
tual ventilation.
It W 33 observed yesterday at the vestry meeting
above referred to, that the Chief Commissioner of
Woods and Forests had recently expressed his inten- I
tion of purchasing the West of London and West-
minster Cemetery in the name of her MAJESTY'S Go-
vernment. This assurance was given, it appears, to
the reverend gentleman, who announced the circum-
stance to the assembled rate-payers, the venerable
Archdeacon of Middlesex. The intimation afforded
another clue to the failure always observable
in the official efforts to secure the benefits of extra-
mural sepulture to the metropolis. Whenever Minis-
ters have consented to come forward themselves to
the aid of the unfortunate inhabitants of the capital,
it has been invariably in some way wholly inadequate
to the extraordinary nature of the emergency.
Whereas, the city of Paris is at once (in a sanitary
sense) blessed and
(in a topographical sense) beauti-
fied by the vast area and picturesque arrangements of
Pere la Chaise, London is compelled to witness the
opening of six or seven minor cemeteries inappropriate
as regards situation, and altogether insufficient as
regards their dimensions. Already we have re-
peatedly taken occasion to insist upon the false
economy of this peddling system of arrangements.
We have protested against the folly of this left-
handed, wall-eyed method of proceeding in the direc-
tion of sanitary improvements. What the capital of
England requires is not` a small cemetery at Nor-
wood, or ,one at Highgate, or one at Brompton,
but a grand burial-place such
AS the
projected Necropolis at Woking, where 50,000
bodies might be interred every year, and yet
four centuries be required, even at that rate of sepul-
ture, to fill up the whole of the ground to a moderate
depth. Such tire the means by which alone the
health of the capital could be insured, and by which
and its vicinity could
tbbee aranantuerailarvor of don
Among other enormous
social advantages of a different character, we look
confidently for the fulfilment of our hopes in this par-
ticular to the present ad •
of the SvlSers OVEREIGN.

The London, Brighton, and South Coast Railway
Company are, as usual, early in the field. The half-
yearly general
meeting was held yesterday, at the
Bridge-house Hotel, under the presidency of the
chairman, J. LAING, Esq., M.P., when a dividend of
11. 12s. per cent. was declared for the half-year ending
the 30th June last. It must, however, be borne in
mind that this has been the most unfavourable portion
of the year, and that the Brighton directors do not
follow the practice generally adopted of leaving
a reserve fund for the purpose of equalising
the dividend. That which has been fairly
earned, and which is properly available for
the purposes of dividend, is . fully divided
among the shareholders, and the quotations of prices
on the Stock Exchange afford the best evidence that
the practice is not disapproved of by the community.
It was announced that the traffic of the :past half.
year was about equal to that of the corresponding
period of 1851, a statement that was deemed
highly satisfactory, when it was considered that the re
had been a large increase in the receipts during the
former period, on account of the Great Exhibition ;
and also that the inclement and unsettled state of the
weather during the Derby week, and the greater
part of June, had reduced the receipts at
those times far below what might reason-
ably have been anticipated. It therefore
showed a very auspicious state of affairs, when, not-
withstanding these drawbacks, there had been no
falling off whatsoever from the former six months,
the most profitable there had been for many years.
In alluding to the accident that happened last year
at New Cross, and for which 'the company bad to pay
in the whole no less than 3,5001., the Chairman com-
mented upon the unfairness of the existing law, and
the hardship of compelling railway companies to be
the insurers against all casualties that may happen
upon their lines, and contrasted the case of
the loss of the Amazon, where no demand
was made against the Steam-packet Company,
and they were considered to have behaved liberally in
giving 200 guineas to the fund for the relief of the
sufferers, with that of the trifling collision at New
Cross, which cost the company 14 times the amount,
although no really serious injury was ..ustained. It
is not the law, however, which makes tjee difference
so much as the __:_e of jurors to Facile,' iallway
companies pay extravagantly on the most trivial
pretexts. There can be no doubt tat railway
companies are severely and most unwarrantably
mulcted in every stage of their proress. From
the first publication of the projected undertakings
during their progress through Parliament until
when in full operation, they are charged not
only an income-tax to the national exchequer, but
also a pasienger-tax of 5 per cent. on the gross re-
ceipts from passengers, without any allowance being
made for expenses in carrying on the traffic. They
are also victimised to no small extent by the various
parishes through which they pass for poor-rate, and
also exposed to exorbitant demands for compensation,
and occasionally great imposition, in the event of any
unfortunate accident, although they may have taken
every precaution that human foresight could provide.
The suggestion that the principle of the Cirriers'
Act should be extended to lives, and that nothing
beyond a certain amount should be charged unless 1
there had been an extra payment to an insurance
fund, appears well worthy of consideration. Two
persons, men of rank and station, may be travelling
in the same train, and both killed by a casualty over
which the directors had no control, but for which
they were responsible in law—e. g., the misconduct
of a servant whose qualifications had been carefully
tested, but who thought proper to disobey or neglect
the regulations by which he should be guided. For
one, they might have to pay little, if anything, as his
family had derived no profit from his life. Bat for the
other they might have to pay 20,0001. or 30,000/.
sterling, although equal care was exercised towards
both, and they bad given exactly equal sums for
their journey. This certainly appears to be a hard-
ship. There is justice in the demand that where
heavy damages would be incurred, proportionately
high fares should be paid.
Authority was also given to the directors to borrow
1.95,000/., including the sums necessary for the
Crystal Palace traffic. We trust that the admirable
Project, to
which we alluded some weeks since, of
establishing,a, salt-water baths in •
It is indeed
of the ... suaee ma
an
undertaking
dbe carried into speedy execution.
one which, if
judice.rtaking of national importance,
comfort of the inhabitants execution, would materially
and efficiently carried into
promote the health and
prove a source eta of e the metropolis, and
opfersoimuraseunuseablierotofit to the company.
bathing, to whom *would be
There are many
Palace
of obtain salt-water
as thepermanent
eur
mt
itselfmano se utmost
would
value,
and might be calculated on
of attraction then
and
scribers. Even the Crystal
scarcely prove a greater object
the baths of pure sea water, conveyed
Brighton by incorrodible pipes. Those from
leave
enjoyed who ultvee
a plunge in the opensea,
who have felt the
water •
on their
bracing action of the salt nerves, and
who have frequently pined for a repetition of the de-
lightfullutary exercise, will feel strongly
and salutary
.
interested in seeing the jpr oect fully and fairly
carried out.
We cannot pass from this subject without alluding
to another matter in which, although the Brighton
Company are in no degree concerned, the
health and comfort of the people may be
largely promoted. Several gentlemen of scientific
attainments on Saturday visited the water
sources from whence it is intended to supply
the metropolis with pure and wholesome water from
the bill tops, in place of that now in use. Mr.
F. 0; WARD clearly explained
the eupertaltj '' • -, of the
pure spring over the sewage-tainted water now
supplied, and the immense '
pecuniary sav:ng.,
to say nothing of the sanitary
scheme. A report of the proceedings will
be found in anotherpart of our impression,
to which we would earnestly
invite public attention.
The Plan must speedily be brought into operation,
and 1‘11.911 its advantages are fully known the on y
l
wonder will be how the people were so long con.
tented with the deficient and unwholesome supply of
that which may
of life. y truly be termed the chief necessary '

COLONEL Banini
X.P.--There is no truth in the
report current in the early part of this week. that the Colonel
bad been attacked with apoplexy. The Gallant Coienel is
now in excellent health.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the reels journals of yesterday.
The Presse, in the last weekly commercial bulle-
tin, says :
" Some orders begin to be received by the manufac-
turing houses for the departments of the south and for
elusively with the elections, haelately sent
some important orders. The Parisian trade is still very
exportation
deli, but the period is not yet arrived when business
occupiede s, and England, which has been far some time
generally becomes active. The manufactories in the de-
partments are well occupied; purchasers of woollen and
cotton goods present themselves, and sales would be
more extensive if prices were not so high. A further
rise is spoken of at Mulhouse and at Rouen. The trade
in corn has been very active. It has been said that
wheat of the new crop would bo of rather middling
quality, but as favourable accounts have been re-
ceived from many of the departments, as well as from
abroad, purchasers will not submit to pay a
higher price. The same remark may be applied to
wines and spirits. Speculators have taken advantage
of the presence of disease in many of the vine-
yards to spread general alarm, and to produce an ellOr",
mons rise. It has, however, been found that the evil
.was not so serious us it had been represented, and there
Is every reason to hope that the crop may produce more
than three-fourths of an ordinary one.. The rise has
consequently been followed by .a material fall, and it is
expected that many speculators in the markets of the
south will be serious sufferers."
Examinations for the admission to the Ecole Nor-
male were to commence yesterday. 163 young men
have demanded to compete for the 25 places of pupils
which have to be given this year, and 141 of them
have been admitted. Of these 135 are Catholics, 4
Protestants, and 2 Jews. Of the 22 rejected candi-
dates 18 are Catholics, 3 Jews, and 1 Protestant. It
will appear from this that the rumours which have
been current that it was intended to prohibit Protes-
tants and Jews from competing were totally un-
founded.
The Constitstionnel has a regular Derbyite arti-
cl6 It says, remarking on the late elections in
England—
"All parties, with the exception of the Conservative
one, have suffered severe losses in the late elections; the
Conservative party alone comes out of it not only intact,
but strengthened. The situation is therefore good for
the Government, which supports itself on that party.
Whatever may be the calculations made, one fact is in-
disputable, and that is, the Tory party counts twice the
number of any other fradtion in the House of Commons.
To place it in a minority it would require to unite, not
only two of these fractions, but all the three, and even
then the three must be unanimous. It may be said with
reason that, setting aside the question of protection, Lord
Darby was always secure of having a majority. That
majority will be compact and stable; it will not be
formed, like that of Lord John Russell for the last
two years, of elements changing every day at the
price of daily negotiatiOn. No one besides conce
the
from himself that the slightest apprehension on
subject of affairs on the Continent will suffice to rally
round the Ministry all the wavering votes, and a cer-
tain number of Members whose family relations con-
cert with the Whigs, bat whose opinions are sincerely
Conservative. The appearance of a complication in
Europe'would give a majority of 'eighty to Lord Derby."
M. SoMMIEB, one of the representatives of the
Jura, who was exiled after the events of December,
has received permission to return to France.
It is said to be in contemplation to carry into exe-
cution one of the plans of the Imperial epoch, which
consists in converting , the Luxembourg into a pro-
menade, completely isolated from any habitation, and
enclosed with iron railings, and accessible on all sides.
The garden will thus be surrounded with fine and
wide streets, similar to the Rues de l'Est and de
l'Ouest. In this project the Rue Soufflot is joined to
the Rue Corneille, and the elbow formed by the meet-
ing of the Rues Vaugirard, Monsieur le Prince, and
d'Enfer will disappear.
The Bourse was extremely firm. The Four. and-a-
Half per Cents. opened at 105 r. 50c,, and closed at
105 f. 65c., for the end of the month; the Three per
Cents. closed at 761. 65c,• Orleans Railway Shares,
1,4501.; Rouen, 9511. 25c.;11avre, 3901.; Great North-
ern, 685 f.; Avignon, 485 f ; Basle, 3151.; Paris and
Strasburg, 6701.; Paris and Lyons, 7821. 50c ; Great
Western, 627 f. 50e. ; Lyons and Avignon, 625 f.; Sr.
azier and Gray, 5771.50 c.; the New Austrian Loan, 95i.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT TELE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Aco. 2.
Dijon and Besangon, 3%—East Indiin, 27—Great Indian
Peninsula, 65,4—Grand Junction of France, VA—Luxem-
bourg, 7—Northern of France, 265/8—Ditto, 20/. 3 per cent.
Bonds, 13 Xl—Paris and Lyons, 203/4—Paris and Rouen,36%
—Paris and Strasbourg, 26U—Rouen and Havre, 14%
Sambre and Meuse, 7.r8--West Flanders, 4.

- -
SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 28th have been received.
They contain a rumour that Government was seri-
ously
thatit
occupiedm ay b
e ready with
for
re t
bper
Corte, which is expected
soon to be assembled. the budget,
The Madrid Gazette states that the losses in the
preparation
" ofti
last civil war had been ascertained to amount to
5,728,309 reals, and had been paid.
The Duke and Duchess DE MONWENSIER arrived
at Corunna on the 23d, and left shortly for Santiago.
The President of the Council was expected on the
20th ult. to he Drpoant nt tip° adjudioation of tha rail-
way from Aranjuez to Almansa.
The Diario _Espanol asks, " How is it that Spain,
with a surface little less than France, with a fertile
soil which bears every class of products, and in which
mineral wealth abounds, with great ports on the ocean
and Mediterranean, with a mercantile marine of some
importance, and with 16 millions of inhabitants, occu-
pies so subaltern a place in the political map f Eu-
rope ?" And it considers that the usual reply given
to the question, viz., bad government, decay, backward
state of industry, Scc., though containing somewhat of
truth, does not go to the essence of the matter. It is to
the inveterate habit of servilely imitating everything
French that the Diario Espanol mainly attributes
the subaltern position occupied by this country. It
observes that the importance of a people does not
depend so much on its material wealth as on its
character and spirit; and instances Prussia, which
with a population about the same as Spain, and less
extent of territory—which is, besides, scattered, and
not compact like that of Spain—yet holds a higher
position than the latter. " Why is this ?" it asks ;
and replies, " For a very simple reason, because she
(Prussia) never forgets her founder, FREDERICK
We, on the contrary, separate our view from our glo-
rious history, and have only eyes to look at France.
Of what avail to us would be a marine, railroads, in-
dustry, and all material improvements, if our educa-
tion, customs, habits, and laws are French ? Spain,
however much her wealth may increase, will be
always a secondary and subaltern nation as
long as she has not a light and life of
her own," &c. An individual who had his eyes
always fixed on another in order to resolve how to
act, would be not a man but a shadow; and if, in
addition, he contrived only to imitate his model in
what is bad, it would be difficult to know how to
qualify him. Yet this is exactly what Spain does
with regard to France, according to the Diario
Espanol :—" The liberty of the press is suppressed in
France," it says, " and the decree of suppression is
translated here in a moment. Parliamentary Go-
vernment disappears there, and in an instant changes
in the constitution are talked of here. That our
circumstances are very different from those of the
neighbouring republic matters not ; let us do what
is done there; this is our system . . . . our
system is to copy, and we must continue copying."
The consequence (adds this journal) is that in Spain
there is now " a system of centralization of the Em-
pire or Consulate ; various laws of the period of the
Restoration ; a press a la Louis Napoleon ; and an
electoral system, literally translated from that in-
vented by the counsellors of the Throne of July." It
complains that in tranquil and ordinary times Spain
has gone on copying institutions invented as heroic
remedies egainst great tempests, and says that a
people whose system of government is composed of
such strange and hetirogenous elements, besides
being necessarily ill-governed, is in danger of losing
its nationality.
MADRID BOLSA, JULY 28.—The Three per Cents„
45 1.16 ; Exchange on London, 50 35.