The Sun.
London, England, 1864-11-29 00:00:00

SPIRIT 011 THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

TimEs.—M. Emile de Girardin has published the
letter of the Duke of Persigny on the Press, and his
own answer to it. In these days of political in•
difference it is rare to meet with a discussion on
first principles, nor is the present system of French
government favourable to repartees between a
Minister and a journalist. But the genius of M. de
Uirardin and the extraordinary zeal of M. de Per-
signy account for their appearing before the public
as correspondents on the most delicate subject that
could be raised between them. Whatever might
be the temptation thrown out by the experienced
and brilliant writer one would think that the ex.
Minister and first Imperial confidant would have
had the selfecontrol to avoid it. M. de Persigny
might be expected to know that it is impossible
for any public man in France to give an opinion
on the present administration of the Press • laws
without offending some one with whom it is advan-
tageous to be on good terms. On the one side there
is the class of men of letters in Paris, who, though
they have lost that undue share of power which
they held under the monarchy of July, and are now
unduly depressed by the reigning Imperialism, yet
have considerable authority among the more intelli-
gent of their countrymen from their talents and their
social qualities. They represent, or are supposed to
represent, the Liberal party, and thus constitute a
power in France which no Minister will care to
alienate. On the other hand, it is well known, and
has been proved within the last few days, that there
is nothing which the highest person in France thinks
so necessary to the wellbeing of the country and the
security of his own power as the strict regulation of
political writing. It is an article of faith at the Tui-
leries that journalists are essentially the foes of set-
tled authority ; that the Crowns of the rulers of
France have been struck from their heads by the
pens of those ever dissatisfied theorists ; and that
until the French people have sufficient independence
of judgment to control the press, instead of being
controlled by it, it will be dangerous for any sove-
reign to let people write and read what they please.
In holding this opinion a ruler of France cannot be
said to be unreasonable. The fall of the Orleans
family might be traced directly to the opposition
press of that:day ; it was the National and the Sleek
farmore than any inherent restlessness in the Parisian
multitude which made the Revolution of February,
and to the same journals might be attributed with
equal certainty the Revolution of July, 1830. Per-
haps the Emperor has sufficient remembrance of his
own former self to know with what pertinacity a
politician who thoroughly hates a Government or
dynasty will labour at its destruction, turning every
incident into a text to preach his own unchanging
creed, and finding means 4o put a sting into the
*most indifferent remark. However that may be, it
is pretty certain that the Emperor Napoleon would
rather see the Legislative Body half filled with
Radicals, and the Bar more ill-disposed and trouble-
somely eloquent than ever, than allow two or three
Opposition newpapers to keep up that daily fire
which, though each individual shot seems to do
little, yet in the end is found effectual to batter down
the strongest institutions. Placed between these
two opposing forces, what ought the Duke to have
done ? A prudent man will at once answer that he
should have held hie tongue. An Archbishop who
should allow himself to be entrapped into a theolo-
gical controversy would not show a greater want of
skill than a Minister in the position of M. de Pere
signy who volunteers general opinions on the rela-
tions of the Press to the Imperial system. In fact,
the more a man who has to administer keeps his
personal opinions in the background the better will
it be for his own future comfort and the efficient
performance of his duties. But the Imperialist poli-
tician has one weakness; he is a little too sensitive
to the censures of the Opposition. Strange as it may
appear, the Duke does in all probability thoroughly
believe himself to be a good Liberal. He remem-
bers the days of adversity, and wishes to fancy that
he had not changed his opinions. He is, in fact, one
of the Opposition—that is, he is all for liberty and
popular government and the principles of 'B9, and
consequently. among other things, for a free Press.
He cannot enjoy the Empire like some of his friends,
and cares nothing about its principles or its consis-
tency with the doctrines held by its founders some
20 years ago. No ; he loves it and believes in it too
much for that, and his mind is continually directed
to proving that it has really given France that com-
plete freedom, that true equality, that universal
fraternity which the Republic failed to realise.
" Napoleon 111., the founder of liberty," expresses
the political creed of M, do Persigny, and to gain a
consent to it he is capable of committing an indis-
cretion. M. de Girardin was worth converting, and
accordingly M. de Presigny, while lamenting that
opinion is not advanced ennhah fur a juarfpntly he a
the imprudent admission that he
desires to see a change which will somewhat loosen
its bonds. But it was useless to hope that the logical
journalist would accept such a compromise, or admit
that, with less frequent warnings and less ruthless
confiscations, a condition of things might bo produced
tolerable to the politicals writers of France. The
defenders of free discussion can no more conceive a
press almost free than a woman almost chaste, or a
bank-note almost good. if a millionth part of re-
pression remains, the friends of freedom must con-
tinue to cry out until that millionth is relinquished.
In a well- written and earnest letter M. de Girardin
pleads the cause of perfect liberty, and brings fore
ward arguments which we suspect the heart of his
correspondent must have sympathised with, though
his understanding may have rejected them. M. de
Girardin declares that a press ceases to be dangerous
directly it becomes free, and cites the examples of
England, America, and Belgium to show that out of
France newspapers are read only for their news,
while in France, under a rigid supervision, they are
read chiefly for the opinion of their conductors.
Though we cannot entirely agree with this state.,
ment, which seems to deny that the press in a free
countryexercises any political influence—an assertion
untrue—yet M. de Girardin is right in thinking
that seditious and scurrilous writings are far less
dangerous when they are known to be disre-
garded by Government than when their composers
are believed to be always engaged in a struggle
with the Censor and the Public Prosecutor. We
cannot but think that the formidable power of the
press under King Louis Philippe, for instance, was
in a high degree owing to the continual prosecu-
tions, which were sufficient to exasperate but not
to destroy, to give importance to every malcontent
who contributed to a review or newspaper, and yet
powerless to conciliate or crush him. It seems
reasonable to suppose that the French Press would
not be more dangerous to the present Government
if known to be disregarded and to a great extent
unread by the Powers attacked than now, when
every sentence becomes within a few hours the sub-
ject of close examination by suspicious and nervous
officials. Nor does Made Girardin fail to refute the
argument that press regulations are necessary to
protect private character from unscrupulous writers.
It is sufficient for him to point out that a class of
publications does exist in France which are not
political, and therefore are almost entirely exempt
from Government interference, and which yet are
more free in their remarks on individuals and more
given to satire and scandal than is proper in a decent
community. Ho might have added that in the freest
State the laws for the protection of private character
may be, as in England, made strict to excess with-
out any permanent interference of the Executive.
In all these things it may be that the opinion of
France is against M. de Girardin. Perhaps M. de
Persigny is right in saying that people aro not pre-
pared for the entire liberation of the press; but, as
his correspondent justly remarks, opinion must yield
to demonstration, and if reason and the experience
of other nations tend to prove that:the present sys-
tem is unnecessarily rigid, the Imperial advisers
may profit by the advice of the veteran journalist.
POST.—Although the President of the Northern
States will not enter upon his second term of office
before March next, that term may, for all practical
purposes, be considered as dating from the present
time. e possesses the same supreme power now
which he will enjoy during the forthcoming year,
and the intervening period between his election and
admission to office may be employed in maturing
such designs as he may subsequently desire to carry
into execution. In one respect, then, the Northern
population may be regarded as benefiting by the
reelection of their President. The policy of which
they approve will meet with no check, and the an-
tagonism of interests, which proved so fatal to the
State during the last four months of the presidency
of Mr, Lincoln's predecessor, will be avoided. The
future historian of the decline and fall of the great
American Republic will therefore, in criticising the
conduct of Mr Lincoln's second administration. look
rather to the position of affairs in November, 1864,
than in March, 1864, and, with the former date as
a starting-point, will determine what ought tohave
been the policy pursued by the Government. The
chief, if not the only duty which the Northern Fe-
deration has set to itself is that of re-establishing
at all hazards the original Union, and the means by
which this end is to be attained is almost univer-
sally admitted to be the vigorous prosecution of
the war. The Southern Confederacy has declared
that it will not negotiate on the basis of amalga-
mation with the North, and as the latter, with
equal persistency, makes union a necessary condi-
tion of peace, no alternative remains but to con-
tinue hostilities until one of the belligerents is
content or compelled to cede the point on which at
present it lays so much stress. As, however, in the
nature of things the time must come sooner or
later when the Union will be restored or the South
will establish its independence, it behoves both
sides constantly to note the progress they have made
with the view of determining at the earliest possi-
ble period the fittest time for avoiding unnecessary

bloodshed by making an inevitable coneeesi.:
Having now for nearly four years pursued ao.ot
compromising policy, and having Waged 5 bee?
which, for the gigantic scale on which it has .it
conducted and the vastness of the expenditure of
has entailed, is without a parallel in the hiatelbre
the world, the President of the Federal States, before be
entering on a new lease of office, may reasooehiluree
expected to take stock of the results of that I.,c° b 0
of action which, at the bidding of the people,— the
hitherto pursued. Should he do so, encouragehoever'
results of his investigation will hardly to
him to continue in the path which, until 13°W'We
has followed with such unhesitating confidence: 440
have lately had occasion to notice the finatiniaVnett
tion of the Federal Government, and do aegelt.
intend to consider in detail the estonishing r— se
of a system of finance which, whilst permittingtbet
expenditure to be almost limitless, creates Ileireolio
provision for the outlay than the simple ,caelitte
ledgment of the debt which is created. Solliech-torli
say that the Northern Republic can now, at ',""
of Mr Lincoln's first presidentship, boast olianerd
tional debt so large that even arell•informe%ci
sons cannot estimate the amount within 100 m11;0
sterling. At the commencement of the civil w,t,reo
debt of the United States was practically
at the end of the present year it is believed itvie
fall but little short of that which took Great Britoil
more than a century to accumulate. But the /Ito
President will not only find himself called oliebtej,
administer the affairs of a State heavily iilde
but one which has not yet learned to diseharget
most irksome of all duties, namely, the paree,.,B#o/
debts. Taxation in America is almost unk?,"4
and it is a significant fact, which has not faPet the
attract the attention of the Old World, for to
Federal Government have never yet Yelltlihrtbeit
overcome the constitutional antipathy which Dept
fellow citizens entertain to a practice so rePardieo
to their ideas of absolute liberty. The De/ °bee.
nistration will succeed to a war which 1168501
carried on on credit,and which at this late lioa' eta
4,
will find it impossible to conduct on any otheielleS
tern. Whether Mr Lincoln or General , o
005
secured the suffrages of the people at the 1100
election, but one course lay open to the Goverriosie,
in respect to the mode of covering the exPea,„igP,
occasioned by the war. Financial reforms '44,00
be made, but, with a people obstinately deterwfid
either on repudiating.their engagements or lutes
them them to be fulfilled by posterity, no choice reffoo
to the Administration bat to add day by daY ;5111,
national debt. But, turning from the final°,
the military aspect of affairs, the new Geverttor
will find equally little ground for selfscougri7g
tion. The armies of the Northern RePub,iitli Atl
well appointed and tolerably efficient, ae"ae,
combined numerical strength is truly inuotri- 0/.4
somehow or other they do very little we,Tbllry
largest of the armies deapatched to the field
Federal Government is undoubtedly that i'fr/of
at present encamped on the banks of the 100
River. But that army, although in the field ullettl I
of three years, has never gained a single cam,
nor secured for its employers a tangible euenei ,
has never acted on the offensive without beleb%
nally repulsed, and the only occasions 013,v1, br,
can advance the shadow of a claim to hav,evoi
victorious were those on which at Ant'ea'
Maryland, and at Gettysburg in PennsYll'A
succeeded in preventing the Confederat,e.„o:
marching on Washington. Beyond t 11405
Northern Virginia the grand army of e ree,
has never been able to penetrate, and at t bapoe F-4
moment the outposts of a Southern aro:1450;
ported to have made their appearance on tbrtoolrj
of the Potomac. Nor elsewhere is the s"ltoj
of the Federal armies more encouraging 44
are grave reasons for doubting whether toff
can retain his position in Georgie, and Tes 14,11
though overrun, is certainly not subjugateta;
Orleans and the surrounding country '_,,e'derd
miles are in the occupation of Federal troy;,
the pretensions of the Northern CiovervpAjr
having once more brought Louisiana beneo'o9s
sway were practically disposed of a fe°ll3,
since, by the disastrous defeat inflicted on be :01;
army in the interior of that State. Oil t 14
skirts of the Confederacy the armies of the 0
have done but little; in its heart they hst/tio,‘
nothing at all. Considered simply in re.1.%0
its present results, and its ultimate object, 'ore
waged by the North might be described as sitif4'
begun. These are the facts of which poste% ei
expect that Mr. Lincoln on his reacessioo
ought to have taken notice and made the, is rill
his future policy. The lesson they conveJ
pable enough to us, but whether it will beh 0 /
apparent to the Northern President all-
visers remains to be. seen.

COUNTRY MARKETS.

COLCIIESTER—Nov. 26. nar
We had a fair supply of wheat on offer at our
to-day, and previous quotations were generallY rlOl,
but the trade was Blow. line barley not plutti tiorl4
fair demand, and saleable at fully late prices; °I -
dl
at is to 2s less money. Beans and peas in °ll°l.
at former rates

5? 0

Wheat, white
40s 468 Beans,3lazagan"
red 36s 42s middle St 013 sja
Barley
'''''''
Oats

GLOUCESTER—Nov. 26. to.di;
There was an average supply of English
':
our market, which sold slowly at late prices. „"rjel
in limited demand. at about former rates.
and beans very dull.

NORTHAMPTON—Nov. 26. ,6.4101
White wheat, new, 38s to 42s ; new recl,4 101,0
old, 37s to 40s per qr. Barley, new malting, °`„,/, J
other sorts, 26s to 30s. Old oats, 28s to 345; TA, tO
26s per 24 stone. Beans, 35s to 402. Peas,
per qr.

- -
CHELMSFORD—Noy. 25. 1,011,
At this corn exchange to-day the supply eifra;
plentiful, but we still have a dull trade, awl.,
quotations were barely maintained. Spring corn
a slow sale, and at no advance in prices.
.364 'a il.
Wheat, old white...4os 45s t'eas, Partridge'
new ..40s 44s White ........ ''3so
old red....39s 40s Boiling ......... 311 ;Ili
new 37s 40s Dun ........... 'A ,
Barley 25s 32s Ditto new ..... 'OO
Chevalier 26s 33s Beans, Tick, old 0A
Grinding 20s 28s neW's3so
Malt... 6ls 67s Harrow Ticks 0
Chevalier . 64s 68s netr"so
Oats 2os 26s I Mazagan
KIRKCALDY GRAIN—Nov. 26.004
We had large supplies of barley and oats at ° oarl
to-day, but small of wheat. Barley is and oat°
down. Wheat much the same as last week.

Wheat. Barley.
losast6sa
First... 33s Od 22s Od 64
Second ..35s Od 23s 6d 163 a
Third....39s Od 20s Od 17$ v-

COAL .
Moos of Coal per Ton atMARKET the close of the Ida, 0,
s. d. Walls SO d 1
Hastings Hartley l9 0 41
Cowpen Hartley 19 0 Tunstall
East HartlepooL'l., 0 4
Walls End. South klartlepool.,*/
Haswell ...23 0 South Hotton.. • ,
Ships at market, 2G ; sold, 26,

Foreign Mail Packet List.

AIAILS:DUE. VeCOI
Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton..... ' Viltl,
via Marseillea:....•. • .. Prp'
Brazil and Cape Verde, by British packet. ..... ;JO 4
Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena* 0.6%,,'
China, Penang, and Singapore, via SoutharoPt°ll'9h
via Marseilles ." ';''
Falkland Islands
Gibraltar, via Southampton ................. .114'
India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southamptoliorplff PI
via Marseilles ... 'l4O/' 6,
India (Bombay), via Southampton .. .........
via Marccilles .............. *:9 ,i.
Portugal.... .............................. •
.ao
Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton.."' ' f, ,
P- f i'4
via Marseilles ....... ' 'lO
•• 4,
Newfoundland
Oporto and Vigo
U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. p. a. C:Ar.e.;::::7l°:, 0,,
..... by U.S, 1 ackotl,°et;s4,, 1,
by Canadian Pac' 9,15,
W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe ........ ,I" l'''
.. .• 94; e
West Indies and Pacific . .... . . "to ' 7
Bahamas (via New York) .................. Q,
... • ' ply
Bermuda (ditto) ..
Cuba and Mexico . .............. '___,

A ..'..'!~~.

=I

frtiF
IMPERIAL MERCANTILE CRE,DIF
.A.SSOCLATION (Limited).
4r° authorised to receive applications for L.? 5a0,600
Certificates of Debenture of the
'ATLANTIC AND GiI.EA'F ESTERN It A ILWAY
(New York—Pennsylvania—Ohio).
Of which
One Million TWo Hundred Thousand Pounds
.have been already applied for.
rweernee,Certificates will be issued at £9O for £lOO, to be
three at Par, (£100) in British sterling, h
half. 'Years, with Interest at 8 per cent. per annaitimt ,epayable
eacjearl37, on the 15th of May and 15th of Novemerin
Ella,. Year, the payment of the Interest in London being
atteed by
1:-IE CONSOLIDATED BANK (LIMITED),
LONDON,
Awl payable by them in British sterling.
TRUSTEES.
Samuel Gurney, Esq., M.P,
John P. Kennard, Esq.
Charles Mozloy, Eeq.
BANKERS.
L..,heessersonsolidated Bank, London alai Manchester.
A. Heywood, Sons, and Co., Liverpool.
1/A •
,SBrs
' , SOLICITORS.
7
don. .6Zsafields and Newman, Bank-buildings, Lou-
.7'

ils,,,
~..48 JOBblia
throb nutchini'aßo?aErt. Son, 15, Angel-court,
. D.,lnotton-street, London, E.C.
IIZI;' Satterthwaite Ez 38, Throgmorton-street, Lon-
t'e• ' -q"
t 4. . Tinley and Sons, 44, Brma's-buildings, Liver
so 1 .
cii:6BierShore and Kirk, 14, St. Ann's-square, Nan-

The /
ktt Dt„ 4Verial Mercantile Credit Association (Limited),
tf c,,,11,4red to receive Subscriptions for the above amount
Litti,Z ~alriapcaaaty apesopf Debentures, of which £1,200,000 have
lied far.
loniAllantio and lhe
Greatßranches : Western Railway consists ofLt he
Livis-
-414 Line ins and New York
), in Pennsylvania • • •
in Ohio
4Xtene
ion in New York (Buffalo)
4, to Oil Creek in Pennsylvania ..
•'' to Co-.1 Lisbon) Regions in Ohio (New
•
" to Cleveland . •

.. 50 Miles,

245 L
-- 385

.. 20 „
.. 67

-- 167

Also Total .. • • •• 652 Mlles.
qate,„ the Erie and Niagara Railway, belonging to same
et-orl nines in length, is wholly in Canada, and secures
resit 11,1418 coal traffic over 200 miles of the Atlantic and.
4* chi "tern, hy whom it has been constructed, and is
Th nth eflY Owned.
;13,11te of this Great Railway, connecting New York
St 0"f L°ll.lat a distance ot 1,200 miles (
ltpe without
.free 8. garriag
ee or_ break of
tato, far removed :rim the scene orwar. *The
Which completed, and in possession of a traffic
them'aY fairly be called extraordinary. For September
IkelettiSrcss earnings on 322 miles open ware, at ordinary
°f el at the rate of £1,100,000 per annum (exclusive
fl~qtrote).?11,118 ofue f 10 percent. paid by the Erie Railway on all
ira
, which will probably reach £lOO,OOO per
torez dditional), the earnings having increased since the
the N.ctecteent of the year by 100 per cent. This, even a
I)ayipBellt exchange, would leave a large surplus, after
,skireirlit°t the interest in gold on the bonded debt. The
liteßati° Increase the fares will of course bs exercised, if the
I'4 totalp rates of exchange should continue.
• . bonded debt over the whole system of the A...te
‘4e -nct Great Western Railway is L 3,600,110, and with
,„_,..Beettion ofproceedsof bonds £1,755,070, held by the
t!4ealie, t line
bYteli Otalists,
Whaessebaeenntieciop nstructed with funds advanced
anticipations of profitable results have
ttniatit,ltcre than realised ; the railway, although only
'kale ltdeVeloped exhibiting returns of traffic and re-
t/as, Watch • exaggeration be designated un-
-Pled may without
Whe,,
11119 undertaking was projected, it was found neces-
eZllgh-141 powers for' its construction from each State
aich it would pass. This compelled independent
I`9,4asal."cina and separate financial arrangements; the in-
d ~;nee attending which has become so manifest, that
Nlailtetrained to consolidate the whole line under one ad-
-I)4e4te,llitit.°n. Pending the completion of legislative enact-
plebetic Liao been resolved to issue Sterling Certificates of
_
cea-4,l‘e• Payable in three years, bearing interest at 8
°sol- Per annum , which interest is guaranteed by the
the
h the B ank , and the Principal secured by a deposit
eb_
'cliet rustees of Bonds and Shares amounting at usual
the ge to £4
,230,493.
)0N 1:
'7lllBand Shares so
-o:Q t or, gland, the names of the e. Trustees, and the
43in_
• es,e ekelaration of Trust to be exec d b th m may
ute y e
cgth, eted at the office of Messrs. Freshficlds and New-
Th°
le Railwa of which the Atlantic and Great
• same As Practically.y extension upon a mileage of about
ee extent, acnonstructed, at a cost nearly three
elYte-,,greftt, has earned in the present year sufficient not
iiekl of P4aY interest on all its bonded debt, but also a. divi.
;eat wly Per cent. on ordinary stock. The Atlantic and
lki',tethr!'itern Erie, addition to its thraugh traffic
a' -„‘roie--11 'with the has almost a monopoly of the
~,;gettraffic in Pennsylvania, with vast coal fields, and
wattit-P°ltant of local revenue. The cost of its
debt io„ sources
at tonsen having been so much less,.
oat Itlietitl so much smaller, with an assured traffic.
KAh -11141, itestimatedthat in the three years, during
~ is
,hcipm certificates of debenture run, the
payment of the
411 Will r out of revenue alon.e.
e provi e
.0 _
any have
manifested the
airLtuetioil7tors of. the Erie (Joan
hold ptho Atlantic and Great
fet7terr, /4'l. Which they
opinion they entertain of its
ilei(rre pro".Bpae:syi; an dn
ttrhafee _
ionPg
0 1 to supply for its use, at
4'4(1;11 elPen'se, L?ling stock to the extent of one million
he
1.1
tis'rttet a-rttie and Great Western Railway has been cm-
;lee, e vY Thomas W. Kennard, C.E., as engineer-in-
/pas hnd under the immediate superintendence of an
ttectieed agent of Messrs Peto and Betts.
,rora S r S. Morton Peto, Bart., M.P., is an-
et') showing that
th g.
the works have been executed
titti e. most substantial manner. Appended are some
•••*tice, derived from official returns, relating to the in-
4ej° in the carriage eastwards of produce during the past
Years from some of the chief cities of the West, with
diter,sitraffic the Atlantic and Great Western Railway is
tAtCkgY connected ; from these figures the causes of its
hotdinary revenue may be deduced.
ktvi A Certificates of Debenture are in sums of:X100, £5OO,
!et e'tiCoo each •; with Coupons attached for interest at 8
4t1:11t. Per annum, payable half-yearly. The interest
end Whole term will be guaranteed by the Consolidated
/le With whom securities have been lodged.
Nl ayab
Mle aee of issue is fixed at 90; and the instalments
Per S f Ows
105 cent on application.
10 ~ allotment.
15 ~ 17th January, 1865.
15 " 17th February, ~
17 n 17th March,
18 17th April,
15th May
4
Itie
qbe p
, io,, ertifiCateS will aid off at par, on TO sth Novena-
-v •
redemption
14tere t the investment, including the _b, kr, Bon
tteet" Upwards of 12 per cent, per annum, exclusive of
$l4. °2l deferred instalments.
,tatkit'acribers have the option of paying any or all of the
"r,teatellta in advance, and will be allowed a discount of 8
,Aft., Per annum on such payments.
kiayti'ee allotnent scrip will b©"bearer." On
issued to
tee'T Celeltielf the final instalment, the scrip will be exchanged
egrant -catea of d benture with guaranteed interest
-8 attach e 15 It May and 15th November in
year ed, payable t
•

less coupon £4 per cent.
due on that day.

9, Great George-street, Westminster,
November 4, 1864.

4x.
~,*".ttl, GURNEY, Esq., M.P.
0-`ll P. KENNARD, Esq., and Trustees.
tQettr :AULES MOZLET, Esq.
t —You are aware that at the request of. the
1, furnishing furnishing the funds for the construction of
k "title and Great Western Railway, ray Firm under-
egr
If„the .ave responsibility of the supervision of the Works
Vtent',.,llle7 to be executed under a contract with Mr
k and from the plans and designs of Mr Thomas
ligtettiara
.14 --ors -7 the engineer-in-chief of the Railway.
iottklet- tue Works were commenced, my Firm sent one of
ete-„c„lftiori"perienced agents, who had superintended the
thrny 0 several large works, and who had been in its
111Pwards of thirty years, and entrusted to his
:41111:ervision of the various works to be executed
bjt
tibtos44o both 3 to Mr. Kennard, the Engineer-in-Chief,
4°4 ti;rllVlcHenry, the Contractor, that I should state
e
ti,k4 ail-Ph the position we occupied, which might h
'"11 f'"ldious one, has not in the slightest degreepar-
klt h that character. Every recommendation of our
0441:1,0.8 !peen. at once cheerfully carried out, and Mr.
Ite4krry nas executed his contract with an honest desire
L 04
Itie 1, every engagement in a fair and liberal spiri .
trib'ebt,:lB been ballasted and laid in a style fully equal
1101rahr 0 our English railways, while the extremelyt
44;44(1:nature of the country through which passnes
ttCu,he x—eu necessar so few works of art, that
.its mai
4t,1"4-tt tteted, tot exceed the average cost per mile of our
rt-1t uorne. The stations throughout are of ample
hirVilld the siding accommodation fully equal to the
At kett
ti 4 rtoiettraffic.
Dtlt".ih °e very satisfactory to you to find that the En-
ttin-"At t-,:e41.8f states in his last report that the traffic at the
11.4iviclf(t, is sufficient to pay, at the then price of gold,
A,,111 1,„,4,11 on all the Consolidated Bonds of the entire
''‘)o'3in,`"lng them not to be issued to a greater extent than
Nei (Six thousand fiva hundred pounds sterling) per
t114141',. Estimates and predictions are so often falsie-
_oe „m. the: Ida fact becomes peculiarly valuable, the more sn
t Sent time the Rolling Stock is not more tha
th°()-1,14 ete requirements of the local traffic.; and when the
te,Nl (a rTekl to be provided under: the agreement withd
4m'l,t.rl-r,`"°ropany ' laced on the line, these increase
tp:4, aalkelt-Orinot fail to placed
an amount of traffic far ex-
" `4O estimates which have been prepared in regard
iktn,
dear Sirs, for Betts and self, yours faithfully,
S. MORTON PETO.

laere
4lklin
the --e carrip.ge of Produce from Wet to East dur-
aSt Five Years derived from Official Returns.
CHICAGO.
why . Total Grain. Fat Cattle, Pizs.
Igee• ******** 16,754,138 bshls. .. 32,500 .. 110,296
I, ....... 31,108,759 „ . 92,000 .. 227, 61
46' ...... 60,18 ~Br 7 „ ..
1 5,000 289,094
63. ....... 56487 110 107,466 901,135
• ... •
... ‘-';‘ 11,639 .. 197,311 .. 862,200
MILWAUKEE.

Pork, B
Lard and Tallow.
10,206,400 lbs.
11,0'8,' 00 „
11,68!,103 „

1g55 Total Grain.
IRr,o.
•• ........ .......... 6,550,896 I..shls. • •
Igs. 9,993,0 0
113G2 • ........ 16,710,580. 18G3:•• ....... 18, 732,38 ~9
• .......... 10,992,3 i 5
TOLEDO.

30,553,.118
.. 11,6)9,553

Cattle, Pig,,
lgitt, Flour. Wheat. and Sheep.
.%g ...
18,,;;..• "., 813,700 brie. 5,033,335 behls. 209,6r8
"4 • ..:•.',,,372,11.1 „ 6,2,6,936 ~ 281,495
•••1,585,325 „ 9,827,629 ~ 481,801
BUFFALO. _
...
.....

--
----
- Cattle, Pigs,
IgeD Total Grain. and Sheep.
la 6
.• ...
14,040,303 lbs.
4.1........ 37,089,461 bshls.
1i1i2.... ... 61,460,601 25,999,823 „
4 3....• • • • 72,872,454 ',', 1c7,129,461 „
a retipe 1.. • 64,735,570 „ 149,428,894 „
l'et Re.s PETItoLEum in the carriage of which this
role ailway has
144
140aueed inp3rBins9cll3.2.lly
750 bbls. of 40 gallons
the ►monopoly :
+,,, ~
1860 • • 59,000 „
T 416 . ~1 ~ 3 861 . 550,000 ~ ~
1862 .. 2,000,000 „
. %.
cVelp A 1863 .. 2,220,000 „ ~
'304411 Qt the Atlantic Awl Great Weeteru

31IDDLESBigRGOI-JE
EENXTTENSION AND
(To extend and alter boundaries of municipal borough and
district of Middlesbrough ; extension of time for compul-
sory purchase of land for and for completion of market
place ; powers to raise further monies for gas works,
and other purposes of Improvement Acts of 1816
and 1858; to defiae the boundaries of the parishes and
townships of Middlesbrough, Acklam, and Linthorpe ;
repeal of provisions as to, and compulsory purchase of
rights of West Hartlepool Harbour and Railway Company
in Port Clarence Landing Place, and powers to construct
and complete same ; to purchase lands compulsorily for
that purpose, and for other purposes.)

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That application is in-
tended to be made to Parliament in the ensuing session for
leave to bring in a Bill to repeal, alter, amend, and extend
all or some of the powers and provisions of " The Mic dies-
brough I nsprovemeakt AlsctslB4l2:.llierein e4ge_. the,mt 01 iglu,
" The linddies'Ziough I mprovemenTAct's ISW (herein called
the Act of 1856), and " The Middlesbrough Improvement Act,
1853 i) (herein called the Act of 1853), or some or tone of these
Acts, or the Acts therein recited, and to grant further and
other powers in lieu thereof and in addition thereto, and par-
ticularly to alter and repeal all or any of the provisions of
the said Acts or any of them which are now in force for the
protection of the owner, lessee, or occupier of any property af-
fected by the said Acts, or the works thereby authorised or
to be affected by the said Bill, or for the protection or benefit of
any l'ublic Trustees or Commissioners, Corporation, Com-
pany, or person specifically named in such provisions, which
it may be necessary to alter or repeal for the purposes of the
said Bill, and to make other provisions in lieu of the powers
and provisions so repealed, altered, or amended ; and in such
Bill so to be applied for, powers and provisions will be in-
serted for effecting or authorising all or some of the several
objects and purposes following ; that is to say
To alter, enlarge, extend, improve, and define the boun-
daries of the Municipal Borough of 3l.ddlesbrough (herein
called the BorougtP, and also of the isistrict of the said
Borough herein called the District, now subject to the Local
Board of Health of the said Borough (herein called the Local
Board), and to add to and include within the said Borough
and District respectively portions 01 the adjoining Parishes
and Townships of Middlesbrough, Linthorpe, Acklam,
Marton Ormesby, and Normanby, which ate now outside of
the existing boundary of the said Borough and District,
which Borough and District when so enlarged will be com-
prised within the following boundaries or limits or some of
them ; that is to say :
A line commencing at a point in the mid-channel line of
the River Tees, immediately opposite to and parsllel with
the north-eastern side of a certain jetty, called the Normanby
Jetty, the same jetty being the northern terminus of the
Cleveland Railway, and being situate in the township of
Normanby, and in the parish of Ormesby, in the said Riding,
thence along such mid-channel line up the said River 'Fees
past the town of Middlesbrough, first in a north-westerly
an t afterwards in a south westerly direction to a point in
such mid-channel line, opposite to, and parallel with the
second jetty or breakwater in the said river, which jetty or
breakwater is situate about 330 yards ti the south or
south-west of the granery in the village or Hamlet of
Newport, thence from such point in the said mid-channel
line in a str fight line to the principal entrance gate leading
out of the public highway from Linthorpe to Acklam,
to a farm house called "Marsh House," belonging to
Thomas Hustler, Esq., and in the occupation of Mr
Christopher Dobson, thence along the centre line of a
small stream e r watercourse which runs through the land
on the south side of the Village of Linthorpe to a point
on the east side of the highway or bridle road leading from
Acklam to Linthorpe, 270 yards (measuring in a straight line)
to the south of a house in the village of Linthorpe occupied
by Robert Manners, called "The Old Hall." otherwise "The
Blue Hall," thence in an easterly direction along the line of
the fence commencing at the said last mentioned point, to a
certain -tream or watercourse called Marton Beck, thence
across the said stream or watercourse, and alon . the line of
fence immediately opposite the point ot crossing it, to the
north-western corner of an orchard situate on the west side
of the house called Marton Grove, belongingto Thomas Gar-
butt,
Esq., thence for a distance of 40 yards along the line of ,
fence extending northwards, to the point where the same line
of fence jails a another fence, which ex ends therefrom to
the Marton Road, and along the line of such last men-
tioned fence to the said road called Marton Road, thence
for a distance of 150 yards in a southerly direction
along the western side of the said Marton-road to a point
immediately opposite to the extr. me south western corner
of a certain farm cal ed Longlands, belonging to Joseph
I'ease, Esq., and some time since purchased by him of James
Emerson, Er q., thence along the southern boundary fence of
the same farm, and continuing in a straight line across the
Middlesbrough and G uisbrough branch of the North Eastern
Railway, to the point in the centre line of the stream or
watercourse called Ormesby Beck, ii hich is immediately op-
posite stch southern boundary fence, thence in a nor, herlv
direction along the centre line of such stream or watercourse
to a point in the same 9J yards to the northward of a
public footpath called the "Second bailors' frod," thence
in a straight line in a north easterly direction to a point
in the 3liddlesbrough and Ormesby-road 95 yards to the
north of a oertain farm boast, &ailed White nouse..thaece in.
in an easterly direction first along the Inc of fence whichcommencestraightline rung ing at such lat
immediata named
et p} ointto ,
the north of and afterwards in a
sa farm
house called Cold Knuckles, to the stream or watercourse
called Normanby Beck, thence across the same stream or water
cour,e to the eastern or north eastern fence of the Cleveland
Railway, opposite the south western corner ot a plantation
called Anstey's Plantation, thence along the same fence to,
and across the Middlesbrough and Redear Branch ofthe North
Eastern Railway, and from thence along the north cistern
side of the said jetty called the Normanby Jetty, mentioned
at the commencement of this description, to the said point in
the-said mid-channel line of the said River Tees, immediately
opposite to and parallel with such north eastern side—which
said line or limits are shown on a plan deposited with the
Town Clerk of the said borough of Middlesbrough at his
office therein.
To alter, amend, and extend the provisions contained in
the Charter incorporating the borough, and the order in
Council subsequently dividing the borough into wards, and
to substitute other provisions in lieu thereof, and to alter and
increase the number of Wards, and to increase the number of
Aldermen and Councillors ; and to alter the number of Alder-
men and Councillors to be elect, d for each Ward, or if
needful to increase the extent of the existing Wards by ad-
ding thereto portions of the new Distract to lie added to the
said Borough, or otherwise to alter the division of the
Borough into Wards, and in other respects to alter, amend,
and extend some of the powers and provisions of the said
Charter of Incorporation, and of the several Acts now in
force regulating Municipal Corporations, so far as the same
apply to the borough, the division thereof into wards, the
preparation oft se first burgess lists and the revision thereof,
the election of the first aldermen, councillors, and ward asses-
sors within such new wards, and for all other matters inci-
dent thereto.
To vest the property now vested in the existing Corpo-
ration of the said borough in their corporate capacity for any
municipal or other public purpose in the Corporation of the
asstsad borough as so extended, and to vest in the Cooratiqn
he Local Board all property now vested in themrp in that
capacity.
To extend to the new or extended portions of the borough
and district all the powers and provisions which under the
charter incorporating the borough and the several Acts re-
lating to Municipal Corporations in England and Wales, or
under "The Public Health Act, 1848," " The Public Health
Supplemental Act, 1855" or the provisional order set forth in
the schedule thereto annexed, or the Acts therein mentioned,
or under "The Local Government Act, 185.," " The Local
Government Act (1858), Amendment Act, 1861," "The Local
Government Act. Amendment Act, 1863," the Act of 1841,
the Act of 1856, the Act 01 1858, or any of them or any other
Acts now in force within the said borough or district can be
exercised within the existing borough or district,
by the mayor, aldermen, and burgesses, of the said borough
(herein called " The Corporation"), or by the Local Board ~f
Health of the said district (herein called "The Local Board,"),
and to exempt the lands to be so added to the said borough
and district, and all the houses, buildings, and works
therein, from all contribution to the rates levied within
the North Riding, of the County of York for the
support of the County Police, and from all other
County Rates (save and except such as are now leviable
within the existing Borough), and to alter such County Rates
' accordingly, and also from the payment of highway rates and
other rates to the several townships of Middlesbrough, Lin-
-1 thorpe, Acklam, Marton Ormesby, and Normanby, respec-
tively, and from the liability to repair any turnpike road or
highway cr contribute to the maintenance thereof, or to any
other parochial or township pu poses beyond the limits of
such extended borough and district.
To enable the corporation to purchase and take com-
pulsorily or otherwise the Port Clarence landing place,
in the parish of Billingham, on the north side of the
river Tees, opposite the corporation landing place, and
all lands necessary for the completion thereof, and all
the estate and interest of the West Hartlepool Harbour and
Railway Company and others in the said landing place and
lands and in the Middlesbrough Passage as defined by the
Act of 1853, and the vessels employed thereat, and the
tolls, rates, and duties taken or demandable in respect
thereof, or of the said Port Clarence landing place, and to
provide for the ascertaining and determining, and for the
recovery of the purchase and compensation money for the
same, and to repeal all or some of the provisions contained
in the Act of 1856, in the Act of 1858, in relation to:the said
landing place and passage, and the rights and interests of
the said railway company therein.
To enable the Corporation to complete the Port Clarence
landing place within the limits de-fined by the Act of 1858 on
the deposited plans therein referred to, and to maintain and
carry on the same and the Middlesbrough Passage, and to
take tolls, rates, and duties in respect thereof respectively,
and to vary and alter such tolls, rates, and duties, aud confer,
vary, and extinguish exemptions therefrom.
To extend the time by the Act of 1856, limited for the com-
pulsory purchase by the Local Board of Finds and houses for
the purpose of enlarging. the Market Place in the borough
and district, and also the time limited for the completion of
the said Market Place, and to repeal, alter, amend, and
extend all provisions of the Act of 1856, and of any other Act, ,
affected by such extension of time.
To confer upon the Local Board further and additional
powers for cleansing, lighting, and improving the district of
the borough as proposed to be extended tinder the said Bill.
To authorise the Corporation to raise by borrowing and
rehorrowing at interest, on mortgage of the Wharf and
Passage Tolls, Borough fund and rates in the nature of
borough rates, to be male for the purposes of the said Bill, or
on an of those securits, sums of mone f the
several purposes by the Act offurther 18',6, the Act of 1%54y , and the
said Bill or any of them authorised, or to be authorised, to
be carried into execution by the Corporation.
To enable the local Board to raise by borrowing and re-
borrowing at interest on mortgage of the District Revenue
Fund, and on the security of other rates and sums to be
carried to the credit of that fund further sums of money for
the purposes of the Gas Works, enlarging the Market Place
and other works and purposes by the Act of 185,i, the Act of
1858, and the said Bill or any of them authorised ce. to be
authorised to be carried into execution by the Local Board,
and to confer other powers in relation to the borrowing and
i eborrowing of money by the Corporation and Local Board
respectively, and the payment of the interest for the same,
and for providing a sinking fund to pay off the principal
thereof respectively.
To authorise the Corporation and the Local Board respec-
tively to levy borough rates, general district and other rates
and assessmeute upon the owners and occupiers or owners
or occupiers of houses, lands, tenements, railways, and other
works and property within the extended municipal borough
and district for carrying into effect the several objects,powers,
and purposes of the several acts relating to municipal cor-
porations in England and Wales, and of the Act of 1841, the
Act of 1856, the Act of 1858, the Public Health Act 1898, the
Local Government Act 1858, and the subsequent acts amend-
in the game, awl tile said DIU or any 91 them, mid to