The Sun.
London, England, 1852-01-23 00:00:00

of this important and elaborate document is a per-
sonage no less qualified to comment upon the occur-
rences referred to than BARTHOLOMEW SZEMERE,
some time Minister of the Interior in the reformed
Hungarian Government. His asperity of manner at
the very outset of his letter could scarcely be exceeded
by the ghost of the respected SMELLFUNGUS• SO
irritated is the ex-Minister of the Interior at the
calumnies and misstatements directed against the late
Hungarian Administration, that he forthwith
attacks in language of intolerable bitterness
the assailant of himself and his associates,
dealing around him in the blindness of his fury blows
which descend even upon the head of the illustrious
KOSSUTH, the most patriotic as well as the most
world-renowned among the leaders of Hungary. Con-
sidering, however, the atrocity of the charges brought
against the opponents of the Austrian invasion, it
can scarcely be matter of astonishment that the writer
should have found himself infuriated to an extent pro-
ductive even of a temporary eclipse of his judgment-
Having, nevertheless, in the opening paragraph of
his counter-statement vented the hitherto pent-up
wrath with which he has regarded the recent proceed-
ings of Prince ESTERHAZT, the ex-Minister com-
mences a very lucid and masterly statement, recount-
ing the rise, the progress, and the downfall of the
memorable cause in which he himself became peculiarly
and personally involved. Referring to the unanimity
of the grand uprising of his country against
the aggressions of Austria, the respondent to Prince
ESTERHAZY observes : "It was not one man, nor a
party, nor a conspiracy, nor terrorism, that awakened
that spontaneous enthusiasm with which the people
rushed to arms. KOSSUTH may have been the rally-
ing cry ; but he was not the cause of the war." In
every syllable of that assertion there is truth—though
we cannot but view the allusion made in it to the
illustrious KOSSUTH most uncalled for, and therefore
most ungraceful—because he has again and again
himself most strongly protested the same identical
fact that his voice was only a rallying cry, and that
.the movement was not of his own making, but the
spontaneous movement of the Magyars. Apart from
these somewhat contemptible and most unmerited
sneers, the document emanating from SZEMERE must
be regarded as a masterly argument for Hungary,
and besides this, a decisive answer to Prince ESTER'
HA ZY and to all other calumniators of the Hun-
garians.

For many years, while just complaints were made
of the state of some districts in the south of Ireland,
all was peace and tranquillity in the northern divi-
sion of the island. In these favoured localities nothing
was heard of agrarian outrages. The judges of assize
and the assistant barristers were cccustomed to com-
pliment the inhabitants on the absence of crime, and
to contrast their conduct with that of the men of
Tipperary or Limerick, in the strongest and most
unequivocal language. A total change has, however,
occurred in this respect, which is not the least
remarkable of the extraordinary results of the potato
blight in the sister kingdom. We now find that, while
there is perfect security for life and property in the
southern and western provinces, disturbances have
arisen in Louth, Armagh, Monaghan, and other
northern counties, that have produced, and are pro-
ducing, great excitement among the people. Mur-
ders, and attempts at murder, are of but too frequent
occurrence, while threatening notices and vague inti-
mations of approaching danger are every day
reported. It is the very best landlords and the
most exemplary agents, too, who are apparently
marked out for destruction. The slightest and most
unintentional offence against the Draconic Code
entails the most stringent punishment, and men are
readily found, at the orders of the leaders or com-
mitteemen, to carry the sanguinary sentence into
execution. Sometimes, notwithstanding the de-
plorable apathy of the peasantry and the
too palpable anxiety not to afford any useful infor-
mation, the "agents" are detected. The parties who
obeyed the behests of their superiors expiate their
horrible atrocities by an ignominious death on the
scaffold. But, though offended justice is partially
satisfied by the capital punishment of the hands that
executed, the heads that planned these infamous
outrages have heretofore escaped the unpleasant
consequences of their guilt, and have become
more audacious on the strength of their former im-
punity. That there is an organized con-
spiracy—and that one of a very alarming
character, is now established beyond the possibility
of doubt, and when such persons are attacked as
Messrs. BATESON, FORTESCUE, and CITAMBRE—who
might be selected as men who, by their strenuous and
incessant exertions for the welfare and prosperity of
those with whom they were connected as tenants
or labourers, would have many earnest ad-
vocates even among the "ribbon men''—the
nature and character of the fearful tribunal
may be more easily conceived than described. It
was some time since established that there was a
Central Court at Kilkenny, where all com-
plaints might be preferred against landlords,
agents, or new tenants, for offences against
the agrarian code. We have, however, heard no-
thing lately respecting the " black-sheep office" in
Leinster or Munster, and, happily, we do not find any
token of its existence in these districts. It would now
seem that the session has been transferred to the
North from Kilkenny, to some part of Louth. It is
said that many resident proprietors, thirteen or fourteen
in number, have been served with notices, intimating
that they may prepare themselves for their inevi-
table doom. None can feel that their own kind-
ness to those under their control will afford
protection, when we find that the latest
victim was Mr. CUAMBRE, who was de-
servedly one of the most popular men in the
district in which be resided, and of whom we
read the following account in the local" journal,
the Newry Teleyraph:—"By far the greater num-
ber of Mr. CSAMBRE'S tenantry are Roman Catholics,
whom he is universally admitted to have treated
with equal kindness as those of other denominations.
Many of his household at this very time are Roman
Catholics. As regards his tenantry, neither he nor
his father before him, had ejected a tenant. His
word has been held as sacred—the phrase being,
in common parlance, as we have been assured,
on the authority of a person perfectly independent of
him—' Mr. CHAMBRE'S word is as good as his bond.'
He employed a large number of his tenantry habi-
tually, and particularly at this very time, had an
extraordinary number of men working, at remune-
rative and regularly paid wages, in making an ex-
tensive sheep-walk, taken in off the mountains of
Slievegullion. He built and endowed a school,
where the tenants' children are educated gratui-
tously. Mrs. CHAMBER lately established an extra
school for the female children ; and had lately made
extensive purchases in this town of the materials for
clothing, as presents to the poor, which were being
made up by the girls of that school. It is notorious,
moreover, that the head of this family, who was con-
stantly resident, has more than once told his tenants
not to sell their grain when prices were unremunera-
tang ; and, in order to enable them to overhold, in
prospect of better prices, has advanced them money
to provide for present necessities." It is manifest,
then, that some stringent measures must be adopted
to repress this fearful state of affairs. If the ordinary
law of the land will not suffice, other enact-
ments must be passed suited to the
objectemer-
Enbgelishtheeapital in to
Ireland,
but gbLuetntgchi
rd to such a result when
emer-
gency.
uciraetn
we
o e seemslaototkr a
fcottrow a
we hear, even in what were once termed the
model counties, of such atrocious transactions
as those of which Messrs. BATESON, EASTWOOD,
FORTESCUE, and CHAMDRE have recently been the
from
victims ? Unless these outrages be promptly re-
pressed, the North will change its former character,
and acquire the blood-stained reputation that will
have passed
Tipperary.

rn
LIVERPOOL, JAN. 23 iBs2.—The Liverpoul and
Philadelphia Co
pany's steamer f City 0 -
GLIT
ow arrived at
two this morning, atter a fine passage of thirteen days
twenty-three hours from the Cape, including all det et Itions.
PLYMOUTH, JAN. 20. The Turkish ship Shah
Peri, Captain Butcher, with a large portion of the goot Is ex-
hibited at the Great Exhibition also the medals 1 that
were awarded to the Sultan, leaves the Sound this even-
ing for Constantinople. _

GEORGE FREDERICK YOUNG, EEQ. oar
readers will rejoice to hear that the Honourable. Gent Jaunt
whose recent illness has caused so much uneasiness to the
friends of the cause of protection, is rapidly improi ring in
health, and that he will speedily be reatored to the dit Oarge
of iIL9 public duties..lferalci.