The Sun.
London, England, 1852-08-31 00:00:00

ASTLEY'S AMPHITHEATRE. THEATRE ROYAL, YORK.
The entertainments in the arena last night wi Ire The citizens of York are indebted to the enterprise of
singularly brilliant. In addition to the truly ma r- Mr. Caple, the respected lessee of the theatre. The en•
vellous feats of the Brothers Siegrist on "La Perch( )" , f,irgement of Mr. W. Hvarrison,ieMmiss Louisa Pyne, with
.Z.;sbtretton, Mr. H. . Ames! ,r. it nan,ers, and
—an exhibition which increases nightly in attrat ....
1 Pane has, this week, given th, lovers of genuine
tion, the French vaulting, Signor Chiarini's beauti -. music a treat rarely vfforien in a provincJal ice.4.e.
fully trained Russian steed, and the clever equitation &Axle of the most popular and approved •operas have
of Miss Emily Cooke, were rewarded with the loud been produced,. with a strength or company and a full-
applause of a well filled house. The new American ness of manner liqle inerior to the London boards. La
artiste in Mr. Stokes's troupe are first-rate equestrians. Sonnambula, Maritana, The Barber of Seville, and ilia
Miss Ella, the ‘, Aerial Voltigeuse," one of the vary Beggar's Opera have been the piincipsl attractions. 1
best circus artistes we have evt...r seen, made a tre- " The Houses" (in technical phrase) have not i
ar.d, as we hope,been.
mendous hit, and was twice recalled amid deafening crowded, but, in the cluin, have been highly respectable,
exclamations. Young Leon, " the euestrian high- highly remunerative both, to artiste
q ar.td manager. A detailed criticism of the several per-
flyer," displayed great nerve and vigour in his flying
formances would be altogether out of place, inasmuch ES
leaps, and shared similar honours. a.e professional reputation of Mr. Harrison and Miss L.
The present is the Iwo: week of the successful P 'no is na,..ionai., asotnnighhioth(Fri . (Friday)
historical spectacle of Peter the Great, and of in 3,fit of Mr. Harrison,i- the theatre was
was for the be,_
the dramatic season. The admirable stage ma- lie arly crammed from floo%r. to c :Amgen
nagement of Mr. Le Clercq has been so ex ecution of Count Almaviva, in The Barber of Seville,
effectively displayed during the present season an d Captain Macheath, in The
Mr. Harrison's
Beggar's Opera, waa
as to ensure a signal success for the spectacular eq tally creditable to him as to actor and singer. His
productions of the next. Notwithstandinz the many by e.play is always irresistible in its dignity and pro-
various places of amusement by which it is rivalled, Pr iety. Occasionally Miss Lousia Pyne raised the rap-
Astley's, managed as it now is, need never fear it t.u. re of the hou..e to enthusiasm by her brilliant ?xecu-
diminution of its merited popularity. ti .or, of some of the most brilliant pieces of music known
to musical authorities. Nothing c,,uld exceed this lady's
ex ~ecution, last night, of Rode's celebrated air, with yam-
ti. ins. According to the testimony of the must r, fined
an Al critical tastes, it stamps her as the first singer on
th e British stage. By the way, we observe that Miss
L )uise. Pyce takes her benefit this evsnin7, or, which
of tcasion the well-known opera of Lricia di Lammermoor
vi ill be performed. As this is the List night of the en-
g:agement of these distinguished artistes, apart from the
claims Miss Pyne possesses, upon the patronage of all
lovers of music, we hope to sea the house .1. bumper. A
Considerable time must elapse before the citizens eas
again have an opportunity of enjoying so excris7:e a
:treat, and we hope they will avail themselves of i.—
..Yorhihire Paper.
____

SADLER'S WELLS THEATRE.

The novelty last evening at the above theatre was
the first appearance of Mr. Phelps in the character ofs
Hotspur, in Shakspere's play of Henry the Fourth.
As might be expected, everything that scholarly aP
preciltion and careful study could do for the character
was done by this most painstaking actor; and the re-
sult was, on the whole, a most respectable perform-
ance. The effect was much heightened by the care
with which the play was got up, and the energy with
which the actors generally supported their parts.
Mr. Barrett's Falstaff is a somewhat broad, but racy
and vigorous, conception ; and its genuineness is ra-
tified by the acceptance it receives from the audience.
The Gadsbill affair and subsequent scene went off
admirably, and proved that the humour of Shakapere
was "not of en age, hut for all time." Ihe ensemble
is made perfect by all the accessories of scenery and
costume. Every one, from the prince to the carrier,
is most exquisitely dressed, and the scenery, even to
the arras behind which " fat Jack" ensconced
himself, is got up to the letter of the authorities.
The audience were entertained without a moment of
tedium.

THE ARCH.LEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE.
NEWCASTLE- ON- 1 YINE, SATURDAY.—Yesterday
devoted to an excursion to Warkworth and Alnwick,
tour through a delightful country.
A
combining solid archmslogical instruction with the plea-
sure derived from a
At half-past twelve the archwogists, having completed
their survey of Warkwoi th, d‘ parted for the
princely residence of their august patron, where bey
were received by the Duke and Duchess :A Northumber-
land. They went into the court-yard of the grand keep,
now occupied as the family residence, where the W,.v.
Mr,. Hartz,horne obligingly
pointed (at the chareeteris-
tics of the architecture, and the evidences of different
styles and ages presented by the masonry, giving also a
ek, tick of the tortunas cf the cacti, in ttie hands of its
minus lines of possessors.
,It half-past two o'clock the Noble Duke's visitors
we:re summoned to luncheon, and a sumptuous repast
was served in the library. The bcnquet over, Lord
Talbot do Malahide called on the guests to pledge a
bumper to the health of the Duke of Northumberland.
The call having been duly honoured, the party broke
up, and the arcbreologists proceeded to Hulme Abbey,
the examination of which completed the business of
the day.
At half-past five o'clock the excursionists set out on
their return, and arrived at Newcastle shortly after

SURREY THEATRE.
Balfc's lively opera, The Devil's in lt, is in as high
favour as ever with the people of the Borough. Since
its first production, nearly two months ago, it has had
an uninterrupted run, which is likely to continue.
Last evening it was performed to a very full house,
with as hearty applause and as many encores as on
the first night. It deserves its success ; for it is a very
pleasant piece, and 13alfe's music is among the hap-
piest of his efforts. It was followed by a " romantic
operetta," called The Charmed Harp, the music of
which was composed by Herr Meyer Lutz, the con-
ductor of the orchestra.

seven.
This day was allotted to the inspection of Durham
Cathedral, where we have the most perfect and beautiful
example of that Norman style which the early church
builders borrowed from, or rather founded upon, the

STRAND THEATRE.
The first appearance of the African Opera Troupe
drew an excellent audience last evening to this
pretty little theatre. Encores were awarded to the
songs of "Emma Snow" (Harris), "Sally White"
(Templeton), " Stop dat knocking" (Harris), " Oh,
Lud, Gals" (Pell and Williams), and to a capital ex-
travaganza on the violin by Harris. Pell on the
bones, and divers other features of sable minstrelsy,
evoked considerable applause, and the entertainments
passed off to the perfect satisfaction of the house.

architecture of classical Rome.
At half past eleven the archaeologists repaired to
Bishop Cosin's Library, in Place-green, where Mr.
Raine read a paper of notes on the cathedral, explain-
ing the peculiarities of the architecture, and assigning
to all parts of the building their several dates. At two
o'clock they repaired to the castle, in the great hall of
which a sumptuous luncheon was offered by the Warden
of the University. The cloth having been removed,
The WARDEN of the University rose and expressed
the gratification it afforded him to see so learned and
enthusiastic a body of archeologists visiting Durham.
He begged to give as a toast, " Prosptrity to the
Arebsoologieal Institute."—(Cheers.)
Lord TALBOT DE MALAHIDE acknowledged the com-
pliment, and assured the Dean that he was highly de-
lighted with all he had seen in the north of England,
and especially what he had witnessed to-day in the city
of Durham. The members of the Institute were per-

MARYLEB ON E THEATRE.
Last night this deservedly popular suburban theatre
was re-opened to the public, after a short recess,
during which its enterprising lessee and manager,
Mr. E. T. Smith, has considerably enhanced its at-
tractions, by decorating it in the highest and most
profuse style of art. In the scenic department es-
pecially the powers of the artist have been called into
vigorous action. Altogether, the effect of the interior is
exceedingly elegant and pleasing,
and the Marylebone
must henceforth take higher rank in these respects
among the theatres in the metropolis. An over-crowded
audience assembled last night, to inaugurate the build-
ing in the pride of its new and dazzling splendour.
The performances were extremely well selected for
the occasion, were admirably sustaine throughout,
and received the unqualified applauseofd the audience.
Fitzball's much approved drama, entitled Alice May,
was the first piece, which was followed by the laugh-
able farce of The Shower Bath, the whole concluding
with Margaret's Ghost. At the conclusion of the
first piece the National Anthem was sung by the
whole company, when Mr. Smith was called before
the curtain, for which compliment he briefly, but
appropriately, returned thanks, and was greeted with
three hearty cheers.

forming a pilgriaaagetoaicient shrines, as in former
days the Canterbury pilgrims of Chaucer visited the
shrine of St. Thomas A Beckett; though he much doubted
if tbey ever did so with feelings of devotional reverence
equal to those experienced by every archaeologist on
visiting the shrine of St. Cuthbert.—(Cheers.)
The Earl of CARLISLE then rose, and said he thought
that, in justice to themselves, such a company as the
present should not separate without discharging an ob-
vious debt of gratitude. Yesterday they had been re-
galed at Alnwick amidst the ancient vestiges and in the
living presence of an illustrious representative of feudal
grandeur; they were now met in the no less princely
precincts of a see whose occupants were equally famed
for their piety and their learning.—(Cheers.) He knew
they would all join in heartfelt wishes that the academi-
cal institution, so happily established iu that city, might
long be preserved on its present hallowed site, and that
cathedral and university might flourish together to the
latest ages.—(Loud cheers.) In the midst of stirring
life and jarring interests, with the multitudinous din of
busy men around, still might it flourish alike in solemn
seclusion on its wood-environed and tower-crowned
I hill. Let them therefore drink with unanimous applause
the health of the venerable Warden, and success to the
university.—(Cheers.)
The Venerable Archdeacon THORPE responded to the
toast, and expressed a hope that the university might
be the means of promoting the development of science
and education. For himself and those connected with it,
they were desirous of doing all in their power to insure
its prosperity. They recollected with gratitude that it
was by the munificence of the bishop, aided by the dean
and chapter, that the university has been established on
its present site. He should therefore conclude by pro-
posing " The health of the Dean and
d Chapter
the."
The Rev. Dr. TOWNSEND acknoleged toast. It
was delightful to reflect that such an institute as the
present afforded neutral ground on which men of all
grades and opinions in politics and religion could meet.
—(Cheers.) He called on them to drink The health
of the Rev. Mr. Raine," who bad so ably illustrated the
history of their cathedral.--(Cheers.)
The Rev. Mr. RAINE returned thanks.
The Earl of CARLISLE gave "The Established
Church," to whose ministrations the owedci)husnttrrhyment al so
in
deep a debt of gratitude, and which was
diffusing amongst millions the blessings of religion and
the light of saving truth.
The Bishop of EXETER ackneowf 1 ehis
g e d
connexionthe toast.
withln
looking back to the long period
tthheatEitstwabalsisthomaeßnti,shhoepcohufldrintiorht
arraeflect without emotion
thtiorst dolaateVpteinoenrainbtloe
Bishop Barrington, that he owed his,
its clergy.—(Cheers.) An hour of pleasant
The company then broke up.
cwahstolec.ccuAPtitfdouirt
sauntering yet remained to the
in examining the buildings of
to Newcastle,
o'clock the train started on its return whi-
ther it safely conducted theEtteLs..........
vtihseitoorlds,

HENRY RUSSELL AT THE LYCEUM
THEATRE.
Last night the Lyceum Theatre was crowded with
numerous admirers of Mr. Henry Russell, the
vocalist and composer, who first started the entertain-
ments with which Wilson, Templeton, and others
were popular and successful. His performance chiefly
consisted of a new olio—of music, singing, speaking,
and painting—illustrative of the " Progress of an
Emigrant from England to the Far West." There
are some pleasing panoramic views, from the start
from Liverpool to the emigrant's arrival in the Far
West. A great many new songs, from
the pen of Charles Mackay, are included in this new
entertainment, and several old favourites which have
wcn a world-wide popularity. "Cheer, Boys, Cheer"
is a stirrin melody, and " To the West, the Land of
g the Free," a heart-moving lyric. The performances
are to run through this week—but in the present
dearth of public amusement they will bear a much
more extended career. It is worth a journey from
Cairo to Suez to hear Henry Russell's instrumenta-
-1 tion—the piano does all but speak under his touch.

VAUXHALL GARDENS.
MUSIC IN THE CLOUDS.
The balloon ascent which took place yesterday, ac-
companied by the military band, piloted by the veteran
Green, attracted many thousands to the gardens.
The effect of the brass instruments, as the Great Nas-
sau sailed into the air, was both novel and delightful.
The music, as it descended from the various degrees
of elevation, mellowed by the distance, became soft
and dreamy as the tones of an .olian harp. The ex-
periment was quite successful, and no apprehension was
felt by the dense crowd who witnessed this really in-
teresting exhibition.

CREMORNE GARDENS.
ASCENT OF MADAME POITEVIN AS EUROPA.
Often as it has been our pleasing duty to refer to
this popular place of amusement, we do not recollect
that any occasion has called for more pointed notice
than last evening, whether as regards the loveliness,
the beauty of the night, the number and importance
of the visitors, the variety of the amusements, or the
novelty of the attractions. The Hippodrome com-
menced at the usual hour, and presented a variety of
new and exciting performances, among which we
would mention the capital hurdle race, by the first
lady and gentleman riders in the establishment, and
which was won by the fairest of the competitors upon
the post by a neck only. At seven o'clock, a flourish
of trumpets announced the lady aeronaut, Madame
Poitevin, who was drawn into the Hippodrome by
four horses, in a Roman chariot, and soon after came
the splendid bull. A signal being given, the hand-
some balloon rose, bearing away, in most classic style,
the beauty and the beast. About eleven o'clock, the
lady returned to the Gardens. She had safely de-
scended; at Ilford, where the lady and her bovine
steed were most kindly received, and the animal hos-
pitably stabled.

LIVERPOOL ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
During the week the pleasing :performances of Mr.
Webster acd Madame Celeste have attracted numerous
audiences, who have been moved to alternate tears and
smiles by the pathos and humour of the artists. The
only new piece in which they have appeared is a three
Own
-
act comedy, by Mark Lemon, entitled Mind Your
Business, which met with very great success at the Hay-
market Theatre. The plot contains little that is novel,
either in incident or situation; nor are the characters
without awkish..
entire strangers. The language, however, is natural and
easy; the pathos affectingand e
iaffl andc hearty,m without
ness; and the humour gen
coarseness. The performance of Mr. Webster, as Ver-
don, plunged into vice by disappointment, is most admi-
rable; one of the best, in fact, we ever witnessed;
manly, hearty, and pathetic to a degree; abounding in
quiet touches of nature, and elaborated with most
artistic skill. He was most enthusiastically applauded
throughout. The other characters were well sustained
by the stock company. Madame Celeste, an
actress
un-
rivalled in her peculiar walk of art, is as pleasing as of
yore. Her performance in the Mysterious Stranger may
be specially noticed, for the wonderful skill with which
she personates so many opposite characters. Buckstone
and Mrs. Fitzwilliam appear next week.—Liverpeol
Times.

THE HARVEST IN THE NORTHERN DISTRICT.--
NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE, AUG. 28.—The harvest in this dis-
trict has now become very general, and, from peronal
u obse
m,
r-
vations in the northern division of the county Berland,ha
and throughout the principal part of Northu our
correspondent states that the corn crops are notsted, and at
so much
injured by the recent heavy rains as was anticip
cut-
no period was there so large a breadth of coda scarcity of
ready for
ting. There is a demand for shearers, and
Irish labourers. Wages during the past week inpeth, women
this town
have been from 3s. 6d. to 3s. per day' in
2s. 6d. per day ; men, 3s. 6d. ; men, with their victuals in
the house, getting from 15s. to 185. per week. The same
wages are asked in Alnvrick. With the exception of po
. toes, which are diseased in some districts, it is admitted that
the crops will be a good average.
Her Majesty's ship Hercules is about to be docked
in order that she may be iinmediat devoted to emigration
1 purposes. She gill be lent by Governorent to take out
emigrants.

, SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.:
CHRONICLE—The most plausible gro and for a
discriminating tax on incomes, imposed so as to &vont
the
hxxeep ilpnaotphpt
e,L
dii
ai
more
poporlsesa
ni
clearlyl s
ol s; ,
caa l
pl i
tst
haa
evi; sin gns
fiscal
a el wv herayt
inequalitye
ivnedr .i
vi
dNi
au,
temporary and precarious returns, is that which Mee
fault suggested to the committee when he pr 'oposed to
ovi
i
olve
witness
income
it;
for 333eSiellt. As be clearly showed, an incot ne worth
ten
years' purchase ought, at its expiration,
to h eve con-
tributed to the Exchequer ' .
one-half of the sum duo in
respect of an equal annual revenue worth twenty years'
purchase. Au equal assessment of 5 per cent. on the
capitaliztd value would evidently
produce an aggregate
anus of 1,0001. in one case, and of 5001. in the other. But
according to the popular plan, the allowance would be
mode twice over. Trio income of 10 years' duration
would he assessed at ontehitlf the annual amount of the
other, bC as to pay 251. a yearfor
ten years, or 250/„;
while thsencame of twice the value
501. a•year, and m for taxed would be rated at
producing 1,0001 "This, Iranee twenty; years,
added
the wittess, "is not consistent with thve e,
principle
,
of paying in proportion to means, which is
the
principle on which the tax is at present
levied. ' Mr. Mill, however, advocates an entirely Jif-
f
erent stind.rd of taxation. "I do not ceeceive'"b
says, " thst the tax should be in proportion to the e
means
only, but that it should take into consideration
the
incase, and WS() the wants." Holders of precat-ioua in-
comes are liable to burdens from which the ow ners of
hereditary property are comparatively exempt, since
they have to provide nut of their annual , receipts
I by
saving or by insurance, for the future wants of shem..
selves and their families. On this et °acid, it on Lev,
professional men and traders must rest their claim te.
the comparative fiscal exemption which they cansee
show to be consistent with strict aritinneticel r quality,
The eminent economist whom we have quoted would
carry out his principle with perfect consistency, by
relieving from the lecotne-tsx airy annual saving
ehich even the riches t landowner or millionaire may
i make from his rev, etas. There is no doubt that habits.
of 'economy in individuals directly tend to increase
the general wealth of the country. Of all private
vices, the practices of the miser approximate most nearly
to the character of public benefits; but it is not on
greueds of national expediency, or with the view of
favouring cceumulation, that, the claims of the profes-
, siooal and trading classes have generally been urged.
The rights and hardships of individuals supply more
plaasinis and popular arguments than any economical
theory respecting the increase of public wealth. It is
not because the interest of the community may be pro-
moted by fostering habits of private totethouebt and
self.desial, but because traders and professional men
have strong personal mptives for saving, that it is pro-
posed to dieurguish between the 6=s which they re-
-1 s.)ectively dsvoto to expenditure ai.d to accumulation.
I As a class, hereditary proprietors wish merely to main-
tain their position, while those who are engaged in the
active pursuits of industry desire, not only to secure a,
livelihood, but at the same time to advance themselves
in the world. It is not till we descend to the lowest
and most numerous section of the community that
we again find, in the economy of the unskilled
lsbourer, an equality between income and expendi-
ture. Where Iltere is any possibility of saving, the
personal outlay of every individual may be assumed
to represent with sufficient accuracy his own estimate of
his available income. Mr. Mill considers that this dis-
posable portion of a taxpayer's revenue forms the mea-
sure of his ability to contribute to the public necessities.
If possible, be would assess the impost according to the
annual expenditure, from whatever sources the latter
might be supplied; and he calls attention to the fact that
the
interest
on savings would, in the next veer, either
pay its share of income-tax, or accumulate at compound
interest, to the eventual benefit of the Exchequer. It
should
be remembered, however, that all taxes on com-
modities were formerly defended on the same ground,
expenditure, although as falling directly upon expe-
rience has shown that they can only be productive when
of
they are levied on articles general and necessary con-
sumption. Mr. Mill recognises
rather the impossibility, of prnnurmg the difficulty, or
return of men's private expenditure,
and
danhye accurate
to take an average of the probable savings proposesm
all
temporary and precarious incomes. But isitro
easy to understand how his scheme differs, in
not
prin-
ciple, from the proposal for capitalizing incomes ar the
basis of taxation, which he so clearly sees to in-
volve an arithmetical error. In reply to his suggestion.
of the ulterior benefit arising to the State from the
future interest on accumulations, a member of the Com-
mittee pertinently remarked, that the owner of saving-a
would pay a larger contribution hereafter only because
he would be richer. It is no part of a financier's duty
to alter the comparative positions either of classes or of
individuals. A freeholder and a professional man, who
each receive 1,000/. a year, are evidently unequal in
wealth, and in ability to contribute to the public re-
venue; but any artificial deduction from their respective
means ought to leave their relative conditions unchanged.
The enjoyment derived by the landowner from his pro-
perty may be represented by an expenditure equal to
the whole of his income. The physician or the lawyer,
oil the other heed, will fix eis outlay et 700 i. or SOUL,
devoting the remainder to investments, or to premiums
on insurance. But it is difficult to understand why
the enjoyment or advantage of becoming richer should.
be left out of consideration in the estimate of a man's
resources. If an incotneeax enforces a certain diminu-
tion in the comforts which the landowner has heretofore
procured with 1,000/., a proportional sacrifice will be
made in the establishment which has hitherto cost 7001.;
but why is the professional man still entitled to lay by
the same sum as betere ? The advantage of his posi-
tion consisted in Lhe power of spending, coupled with
that of saving. His neighbour had the same right of
choice, but preferred to exercise it differently. The cue
was rich enough for his wants—the other, having no
patrimony to fall back upon, reasonably wished to be
richer. No income-tax that is ever likely to be imposed
would nardte it impossible for him to save; but, for the
purposes of fiscal equality, the means of accumulation
ought to suffer as much as those of personal enjoy-
ment. The individual case which we have selected
illustrates the nature of the claim of the en-
tire professional and trading class to a partial ex-
emption in favour of that permanent and certain income
which, in the case of each several holder, is undoubt-
edly temporary and precarious, We have repeatedly
shown that a distinctive impost would raise the propor-
tionate value of the incomes assessed under schedule
D, as compared with theca which arise from property.
The instance:of the medical or legal earner of 1,000/.
shows how this result would be produced. The practi-
tioner, whose wealth consists in his skill and connec-
tion, naturally wishes for the securer tenure enjoyed by
the capitalist, and he devotes a portion of his income to
the attainment of this object. But if, in his pursuit of
wealth, he succeeds more rapidly through legislative
interference than he would have done otherwise, he
forms one of a favoured class, and he must assign some
reason to justify the privilege. The tendency of the in-
dustrious classes to accumulate wealth is, no doubt, be-
neficial to the country at large ; but no individual, and
no body of individuals, can have a inherent right to
grow richer independently of the ordinary conditions
which regulate the distribution of wealth, one of
which is the percentage levied by the State. Every
shilling which is earned is precisely the same in value
with a shilling received in the shape of rent or of divi-
dends; and a new tax ought to diminish the value of
both classes of receipts in an exactly equal degree. The
lawyer, who formerly spent 7001, and invested 3001.,
will on the imposition of a 3 per cent. income-ta.x
maintain his family on 6791,, and lay by 291/.;
.while
his neighbour the squire is forced to diminish his ex-
penditure by 30/.
The accumulations of the profa.satotnaxal
man, both before and after the impositionn
amounted to three-tenths of the
owner; and no economist has
plc on which the former would
without a larger proportional sacrifice,
as before. The desire to providebi income of ofthte eland-,
idned the princi-
yet exP-nti7 entitled to lay by,
be ethe same amount
children, or for
th gbest degree natural
the wants of old age, is in --It of the business of the
and laudable; but it is nor poans who received no pa-
State to take care that
uiPbeesritance behind them. All
trimony shall leave &pi .
to provide that no fiscal in-
that a financier can do
beneficial and reasonable mode
equality shall render s
~v less easy than any other applies-
ot disposing of En;,z,:,'Diel2eill's view, however, is intelligi-
lion of income ''''sne, having the sanction of his autbo-
ble and riansibl' serious consideration; but it is time
rity, it dose: .
uveurna
lists should cease to repeat the gross
that public :I
c ntroting precarious with permanent in-
fallacy if it were propo.ed to subject them to an
come,
nv aps reianent tax. The sovereign, we are told,
"Pre."' ' reeceived in rent, represents 30 other sovereigns;
"'Le- is
that which is received in fees represents nothing
whilst n contemporaries forget to tell their readers
but welt; Our
same
assumption, the sev n en e p ce paid by
that. on tho
landowrer represents 30 other sevenpences, while
the
the sevenpence exacted from the physician is paid once
for all. Careless and voluntary fallacies such as this
only postpone the serious discussion of the question
which they eezumber and confuse,

GRAND ERUPTION OF MOUNT ..ETNA,
We learn from Malta, that on the night of the 20th of
August, during the celebration of the centinajs, or every
hundredth anniversary of Saint Agate, the patron saint
of the town of Catania, Mount /Etna became suddenly
convulsed, which
any within the past 40 years,
and a magnificent eruption took place,
has not been surpassed by
and fears were entertained that, from the northerly direc-
tion which the lava took, the neighbouring villages of
Zafarana and Giarro have very seriously suffered, if not
perhaps have been utterly destroyed.
One of an English party from Malta, visiting Catania
for the Testa, and afterwards the mountain, accidentally
happened to be ascending it at the time, and who, non:
trary to the advice of the guides, persisted in their
journey, notwithstanding the premonitory
signs of the
approaching event, thus narrates what was witnessed;
The party consisted of Captain Hallett, R.N., Mrs,
m
Hallett, two Misses Sankey, the Hon. Lieutenant Finch
of the 68th Light Infantry, and Lieutenant Ravenhill, of
by their muleteers,
took their departure
soTahbserYetokinsure reaching the
the Royal Engineers, accompanied
latean d theat
nightusual
from Sicilian
Nicolosi,
a , in order to enjoy
the grandeur of the scene at that
summit of the mountain by day
they proceeded the wind rose so violentlyparticular hour. As
fearing some mishap, recommended them
their intentions, persisted
wind, increased in
steps, but the intrepid party,. unwilling to be baulked in
ttohartettnraecegathideirs
wards the
sudden, when the partingproceeding. Soon after-
riders, male and female
shake like a giant arming , and the mountain began to
precipitated to the ground nob
wasnd in a narrow
from his slumber. All odes
pass,
were
rolling over among cinders and an awful
uctoraswlnldblgaus4l
60,d lay
called Colossi,yards distant
scarce one hundred
from the and burst
party, the mountain opened,
out with terrific violence, the wind roar
and apparently struggling, 6b ld roar the
loudest. Crawling under a prowjehcitichng
huddled together
formation of a former eruption, Y, block of lava, the
they blast, and clouds
for protection from the piercin,,
17:commenced at about
of acutely sharp dust; the erurw_ _
I spread sheets from
2 A.M. The flames issued in • eruption took
spot called the Crater
place at the foot of the cone,
the summit, but by far eons. at
Tearful
sreadtetrhseopmeonuinngta n to heavel
' Colossi. TbehinseaetxbP,
and rock, and the liqu!d lava flowed over from the boi.). 1
from time.°
a grand junction,_ from which hsge
lug gulf 7norealic
masses were thrown up amidst fire and smoke. Dna-
lorasi
nately for the party, the wind blew from them tosards
time and forming
the crater, or they must have been inevitably sufocated
by the sulphureous fumes, and as it was, each moment
threatened to be their last. After daybreak, shen an-
other terrific explosion and outbreak shook the lofty
mountain to its very centre, the party left heir retreat
and made their way with
difficulty back to Nicolosi.
For several days previously torrents of rein had de-
scended, and passengers from
Messina,
oy the French
steamer which arrived at Malta on the morning of the
25th, report that the volcano was still in activity
daring
dreadful ravages
will night of the 24th, and no doubt
vages
will result.

MORE LATH NEWS I—On Thursday it was an-
nounced in The Sun that M. de Persigny had arrived in
London. On the following Sunday, the Observer stated that
he was expected! He has since returned to Paris.
RAIN IN INDIA.--MAHADULESHWAR,.—We have
from the Hills, under date 3d instant, that from the 17th to
the 25th June, there had been one incessant down pour of
rain day and night. On the latter date the sun's rays were
for a few seconds visible. On the 23d no less than 11.83
inches of rain had fallen. The quantity ganged during the
mouth WM PPwards 01. two YardSMNßOMbay ZiMof.