The Sun.
London, England, 1864-11-03 00:00:00

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rison of returns, what an oat e e
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, t guns on board H M.S. Excellen vier _
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.rtillery officers if we say .a.
seamen of H.M.S. Excellent are the smartest gun-
ners in the world.

PRICE...
STAMPED ... .sd.

However this may be, the fact of second-hand regi-
inentals finding their way to the great German fair
is undoubted. The pepper-and-salt greatcoats of
our infantry go to our agricultural districts and
to the Cape, but the heavier and more valuable
artillery cloaks find their way to Holland, and that
country and Irelard absorb between them the c•str
off clothes of the police. There is one edd item
of old clothes that has a singular history. There
are still a certain class in the community addicted
to the use of silk velvet waistcoats. This class is
generally to be found among the well-to-do tradeE-
men of country towns. The longevity of a black
silk velvet waistcoat is proverbial; it will not wear
out. After adorning the respectable corporation of
some provincial grocer until he is thoroughly tired
of it, what does our reader think is its ultimate
destination—the pate of some street German or
Polish Jew ! Ia obedience to a Rabbinical law it
is not considered right by somo of the more consci-
entious Hebrews to gouncovered, and these second-
hand waistcoats are bought up to make skullcaps
for their use.

Cotton Supply Association.

At the usual weekly meeting of the Executive
Committee, held on Tuesday, a letter was read
from her M. jrsty's consul-general at Belgrade,

stating that the Servian Government are intending
to make Experiments in the cultivation of cotton,
and have requested him to procure from the asso-

ciation the seed neussary for the purpose, as well
as the information and instructions which its publi.

cations afford. A previous experiment in the dis-
trict of Widin was not succ .ssful, owing to the seed
being sown too late in the seeson, and from other
causes. A letter was received from the Govern-
ment inspector of cotton for Scinde, dated Kura •
rachee, September 24, together with a sample of
cotton grown at Mulleer, in the province of Seitd?,
from Egyptian seed, by a gentleman who has been
endeavouring to produce a better description of
cotton in that part of India. As inspector of cotton
for India under the new Cotton Frauds Act, the
writer is anxious to do all that he can to substia
tate a better description of cotton in that province
for the present short stapled, dirty, indigenous
variety grown there. He proposes to introduce
better seed, such as may be best suited to the soil
and climate. In upper Scinde, where the climate is
very dry, and differs from Lower Scinde, where it is
moist, Peruvian seed, it is believed, will do best,
whilst in the latter province Brazilian and Egyptian
are likely to do well. A sample of the Bourbon in-
digenous cotton, grown about 200 miles south of
Bombay, on the seacoast, was also forwarded, with
the statement that the plants are of several years'
growth, and have reached a height of 5 or 6 feet,
and during the three years the writer was there no-
thing was ever done in the way of cultivation. A 'eta
ter was read from Dominica, West Indies, enclosing
various samples of green seed cotton, together with
one of black seed from Tortola. The longecona
tinned drought has been very injurious to the crops,
its prevalence may be considered exceptional, as
dry weather seldom exists for months together
without occasional showers falling to keep vegeta-
tion. Since the commencement of the rain, three
or four months ago, the cotton plants have thriven
wonderfully, and now look luxuriant and beautiful.
The crop is expected to be a very satisfactory one.
Hurricanes are more or less experienced during 3
months in the year. Cotton cultivation is extending
in nearly all our West India colonies, and it is
hoped will prove an incalculable advantage to the
inhabitants. The writer is of opinion that there is
nothing to prevent nearly every sugar estate in
the West Indies cultivating at lest a portion of
land with cotton, which wculd mitigate the disasa
trous results often experienced when sugar does
not pay. The indigenous varieties suit the soil
and climate better than others. A quantity of
the cotton grown by the writer on his own farm
will shortly be consigned to the association:
Consular reports were received from the Foreign-
office on the cultivation of cotton in Paraiba, Rio
Grande do Norte, Guayaquil, Coquimbo, Islay, and
Jaffa, together with despatches from her Majesty's
consuls at Smyrna, Trebizond, and Scutari. In the
province of Paraiba do Norte, Brazil, about 1,390
square acres were planted with cotton in 1863, and
about 1,850 square acres in 1864. Little or no exotic
seed has been used. The produce in the former year
was 4,543 tons, and in the latter it is expected to be
6,000 tons, three- fourths of which is exported to Liver-
pool, and the rest to Havre and Barcelona. The crop
for the season just closing has not realised the expoca
tat ions formed at the commencement; it is, however,
a very fair one, and shows an increase of nearly 30
per cent upon the former one. The prospects of the
new crop are said to be very favourable, and
promise an increase of 40 per cent. In Rio Grande
do Norte the produce of 1863 4 was 678,000ib.
of cotton ; and it is estimated that the crop from
July, 1861, to June, 1865, will yield 7,200,000. b.
R in has been very scarce this season, but the plants
present a flourishing appearance ; they yield two,
three, and even more crops, tied the soil is gene•
raily very good. In the Republic of Euc :dor the
extent of land planted with cotton in 1863 was 600
acres, and 2,000 acres in 1864; the produce in the
former year was 600,000 lb., and in the latter it is
expected to be 2,000,000 lb. of cotton. The wont
of population, and the distance of the country from
England, are stated amongst the causes why the
cultivation of cotton has not made greater progress.
The country possesses great tracts of land, adapted
to its growth, there are navigable rivers in every
direction, and the climate, though hot, is
benign. The great drawback is the want of
labour. At the port of Guayaquil there aro
several establishments for ginning, pressing, and.
packing the cotton. The report from the province
of Coquimbo (Chili) states that, though the
climate is not unsuitable for cultivating cotton, the
high price of labour and the extreme scarcity of
water aro insuperable hindrances. Her Majesty's
cousul at Islay (Peru) reports that cotton is grown
on a small scale in the valley of Jambe, some leagues
to the south of Islay, and also that of Camana, many
leagues to the north, but that no reliable details
have yet been received. In the listrict of Jaffa about

Bat old clothes, after they have served the
purpose of two or three classes cf society, are
yet far from closing their career ; when they have
seen their worst they take altogether a new lease
of existence. As old Jason was renewed, in ancient
story, by being ground in a mill, so are our gar-
ments in the present day. When old clothes are
too bad for anything else they are still good enough
for Shoddy and Mungo. It is not many years since
Mr Ferrand denounced the " devil's dust" of the
Yorkshire woollen manufacturers; this devil's dust
arises from the grand translation of the old cloth
into new. Batley, Dewsbury, and Leeds have been
described as the grand centres of woollen rags—
the tatterdemallion capitals into which are drawn
all the greasy, frowsy, cast off clothes of Europe,
and whence issue the pilot cloths, the Peter-
shams, the beavers, the Talmas, the Chesterfields,
and the Mohairs in which our modern dandies dis,
port themselves. The old rags, after being reduced
to the condition of wool by enormous toothed
wheels, are mixed up with a varying amount of
fresh wool, and the whole is then worked up into
the fabrics we have mentioned, which now have
the run of fashion. It is estimated that shoddy
and mungo supply the materiais for a third of the
woollen manufacturers of this country. Here is a
grand transformation. No man can say that the
materials of the coat he is wearing has not been
already on the back of some greasy beggar. In one
corner of the animal products department in the
South Kensington Museum the visitor can see
hundreds of specimens of this shoddy and mungo
—a perfect resurrection of the old clothes from
every country in Europe. The oast off wardrobes
of civilised man by a law of commerce ar© sucked
into this country, and mainly into this metropolis,
and,,in return we distribute it in perfect fabrics,
destined to go once more the round of civilise-

Lion, Woollen fabrics are hard to die, and for all
we know, clothes are thus ground up over and
over again,

The final destination, however, of all old clothes
is the soil ; when art can do no more for much-
vexed woollen fibre it becomes a land rag.
We have pursued old clothes through so many
shifting scenes that, having run them to earth at
last, here perhaps it would be as well to leave
them; but no, they once more reappear in our
beer. Hops, we are told, of a certain quality
cannot be grown without the manure of land
rags. Thus, the final destination of old clothes
after all is the human frame, and we only finally
lose sight of them when, instead of clothing this
vile corpus, they are transmutdd into the body
itself, as we qut.ff the foaming tankard, or the
more genteel bottled beer of Bass or Allsopp.—
Times.

5,290 acres wero planted with cotton in 1863, and
about 31,700 acres in 1834. The produce in the
former year was 12,270 cwt., and in the latter it is

expected to be about 73,700 or 83,900 cwt. It i 3
shipped from Jaffa to England and France. The
crops throughout the country are in a promising
condition, and the general opinion is that they will

yield from 25,000 to 30,000 bales of 4001 b each. It
is calculated that id per lb, under ordinary

circumstances, would be remunerative, Should
the general introduction of exotic seed take
place, there is reason to believe that Jaffa will rank
among the first-class cotton exporting towns, both
as to quantity and quality. Though there is still
much prejudice to overcome on the part of growers
to the use of exotic seed, yet several who have been
prevailed upon to make experiments with it are so
delighted with the appearance of the plants now
near maturity that they declare they will hence•
forth use exotic seed only. The consul at Scutari
reports that he is collecting information, whirl will
be forwarded, that the growth of cotton has been
commenced at Tiranna, and that the Governor.
General will proceed shortly to inspect the district,
and will do all that he can to encourage the culti.
vation throughout the province under his authority.
A despatch from Trebizond states that should the
autumn prove fine, and the rains set in late, an im•
mense quantity of cotton will be collected in Trues
ritia, Mingrelia, and Guriel. It is said that Imeri-
tia alone will export 10,000 bales, equal to 750 tons
of cotton. A despatch from Smyrna, of the 7th
October, reports that, owing to the unusu-
ally heavy rains during the previous fortnight
throughout the district the cotton crop has been
much damaged, that in some districts 10 per cent.,
and in others 20 per cent. must be deducted from
the estimates made at the beginning of September,
and that if the weather continue rainy for other ten
days, it is impossible to say the amount of loss which
will be incurred, as the pods will not have sufficient
time to burst before the cold weather commences.
Copies of the treaty by which Bavaria, Wurte.m•
burg, and the Grand Duchies of Hesse and Nassau
have acceded to the renewal of the Z )11verein were
received from the Foreign-oflic. A copy of en act
passed by the Government of India relative to th©
emigration of native labourers to Queensland, tie d.
declaring it to be lawful, was received from the
Colonial-office, which concluded the business.

I ? ATTEMPTED INCENDIARISM ON THE YORKSHIRE
WoLDS.— Oa Sunday evening an attempt was
made to set fire to a stack in the stackyard of Mr Willer-
force, llornby, who occupies a farm of between GOO and 700
acres, under Lord Loudesborough, in the parish of Nun-
bernholtne, near Pocklington. Ono of the farm.,crvants
living in the house, named Harold Robinson, a Lincoln-
shire man, was apprehended on Monday evening by
Superintendent Cordukes, of the Pocklington po ice force,
on suspicion, which seems well founded—of being the
guilty party, and was taken before the Rev. F. 0. Morris, a
magistrate of the East Riding, rector of the parish, and by
him remanded till Wednesday, for the purpose of being
further remanded to Saturday, on which day the Pockling-
ton Bench hold their usual monthly meeting, when the ease
will be fully investigated.