The Sun.
London, England, 1852-07-17 00:00:00

TILE SUN,

circumstances, upon the councils of the new Admi.
nistration.

Unquestionably much of this had alreadY .been
heard from the lips of one or other of the leading
members of the Cabinet, and from none more fre-
quently than from those of the CHANCELLOR of the
EXCHEQUER. Yet, until now the assertions made
yesterday at Aylesbury with such very laudable ex-
plicitness have been chiefly heard only through the
dim medium of inuendo. It would have been more
to the advantage of Ministers, we cannot but think, if
the candour displayed at last upon the occasion of the
nomination for Buckinghamshire had been manifested
somewhat earlier—if it had preceded or immediately
followed the dissolution of the last Parliament. The
country would not then have been involved in the
sea of conjecture, which has compelled so mans pos-
sessors of the elective franchise to tender their votes
to this candidate or to that in a state of profound
and almost painful bewilderment. Can it be that the
result of the elections which have already taken
place has induced the Cabinet to pronounce its views
in reference to the corn-laws with somewhat
more than customary distinctness ? Whatever the
reason may be, it is at any rate matter for
rejoieieg with the community at large that, at the
eleventh hour at least, the doubts of the last four
months have been dissipated, and that some notion
may at last be formed as to the intended policy of
the DEBBY
Administration. Free Trade would
accepted as an
wholly and
seem, therefore,
ntto
abned
ansoewne,hotnneesrteleyver,
accomplished fact,
to
irrevocable. According to the acknowledg-
ment of Mr. DISRAELI, neither himself nor his col-
leegues entertain any project for the revival of the
consider the en-
sayetsmteetuntsofofFlrB°4trti:ectouhaveThbeeyealttile Mill consider
in their
character, and in a great measure also disastrous in
their consequences. But those enactments they have
no hope whatever of seeing sooner or later reversed.
Instead of this, they aspire now to complete the great
series of alterations upon which a former Govern-
ment adventured—beginning with the entire revision
of the present system of finance. So far the prospect
held out by the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER is
somewhat consolatory. It would be still more so
could we believe, with Sir BULWER LYTTON, as in-
timated by him on Thursday from the hustings at
Hertford, that the Earl of DERBY is really that
same Mr. STANLEY who breathed such noble and lofty
eloquence twenty years ago in the House
Com-
mons in favour of Parliamentary Refrm. o f
If
th e
CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER found it yesterday
somewhat difficult to describe in sufficiently alluring
colours the future achievements of the Cabinet pre-
sided over by that once energetic and distinguished
Liberal, the Right Hon. Gentleman contrived very
ingeniously to divert the attention of his hearers to
the rather laudable activity displayed during the last
four months in office, by the members of the Adminis-
tration. " Remember," said he, " the very evening, I
hink, upon which I took my seat in the House of
Commons—the very evening of the day upon which
I was elected four months ago, when I took my seat
for the first time in a most responsible position as
the leader of that assembly—no less than the highest
authority in that House, Lord JOHN RUSSELL rose,
and her MAJESTY'S Government were submitted to a
severe cross-examination. The object of the Oppo-
sition, then, was to prevent our doing anything.
The object of the Opposition, then, was to pre-
vent our bringing forward any measures. The
object of the Opposition, then, was to precipitate
that appeal to the country which we are now
making. Well, what was our conduct under
those circumstances ? We knew, as those who
opposed us knew, that there were subjects of
such great weight and moment at issue, that it was
utterly impossible for a Ministry prepared to do their
duty to neglect attempting to- carry those measures
into effect." Aware of how far the Ministry actually
succeeded in displaying their sense of this responsi-
bility, it was not surprising to find the CHANCELLOR
of the EXCHEQUER yesterday defying anyone to gain-
say that the Cabinet had done much prior to the disso-
lution, any more, that it was surprising to observe that
defiance greeted in the Town Hall of Aylesbury with
acclamations. From the course then and
.there pur-
sued by Mr. DISRAELI during those turbulent pro-
ceedings, it is sufficiently evident that conciliation will
be the principal characteristic of the policy about to
adventured upon by the DERBY Government.

Notwitstanding the extraordinary beat of the wea-
ther, and the more exciting warmth of electioneering
contests, the annual meeting of the Royal Agricul-
tural Society has gone off with considerable éclat.
Some complaints, indeed, have been made that the
X. s. d. did not flow in quitesooffre,eislywasason
formerhereto-
fore. er e t o -
occasions, and that the results have not been so satis-
factory in a pecuniary point
fore. But the show was good ; the cattle of
every description displayed that degree of
obesity which rejoiceth the bucolic heart.
Many yielded to fate, expiring prematurely
before the keen knife brought their existence to its
natural termination. These accidents were, however,
looked upon as the more than probable consequences
of the perverted taste, which induces breeders and
stockovvners, but above all the judges of the show,
the distributors of prizes, to prefer animals fattened
to excess,
so that the meat is only fit for the grease-
tub, and that profit could not possibly be derived from
the pinguos
e manufacture to others in more healthy
and useful condition. The extreme cruelty of the
process, the wretched condition to which the
miserable victims of the fattening mania are
reduced, appear to be totally forgotten, and every
exhibitor appears to conform to a prejudice which he
perhaps feels that he is individually unable to resist.
It is difficult to say how the unquestionable evil is to
be remedied. The Earl of Dixie, the President of
the society, suggested that the only means of refor-
mation would be to ask the Council to have a spare
stock class. His Lordship added that the breeders
would soon find that the wealthy purchasers would
go to that class, and where the money went there
the breeders would be gathered together. This might
possibly do something ; it might encourage stock-
owners occasionally to show beasts in a less disgust-
ing condition than those recently exhibited, but it
rseares more energetic measures to abate the nui-
SO long as prizes are given for acts which
should occasion legal proceedings at the instance
of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals agahut
the feeders, so long will the abuse
be continued,
Nothingthe society
but an energetic proceeding
so.cie.ty will bring it to a conclu-
sion. A clear,
anet and unequivocal notice
should be given that te
would be afforded to theaforward no encouragement
but, on the contrary, that eewners of such animals
garded as a disqualification,
%:t ome fat would be re-
prize being given, no matter h. h would prevent any
might be in other respects. °l° high the qualities
But it was not for the cattle only th4t the meetin
was distinguished. On.the same high
g
uthorit
are told that " the display of implementowy we
cedentedly good." This is as it should be,11,3, iou;pre-
t is by
improvements in these respects, by economising th •
• of agricultural operations, that English e
pricesfarmers
encounter the competition of
may fearlessly the world.
They have skill, they have industry and capital, and
the judicious .
application thereof must ensure
success. Free trade, now recognised as an
accomplished fact, has convinced them that
there is no royal road to agricultural success.
Formerly, during the palmy days of protection, every
farmer, that he had only
man thought he was born a
to possession of a piece obtain of land, at any rent,
however exorbitant, and that he could live without
labour or exertion, ' enjoying the .
°lam cum dignitate
of a farmer's life. If pecuniary losses, ending in
an appeal to the Insolvent Court, terminated the
slovenly cultivation of
h.
his tenement—if cultivation it
could be called -- the entire blame was attri-
buted to the "badness oft
he
times," the low rates
of duty at which corn was
tadmitted into the country, •
or any other cause but the r
least beneficial result of the moderntle one.
It is not the
subject that this class have been in
legislation on this .
ex-
terminated, and that, generally speaking great degree
farmers intelligent men, well ng, We now find in
acquainted •
business,With their
and possessing a tolerable k
agricultural che ' nowled
mistry and the best mod ge of
creasing the fertilityofthe soil, es of i
and diminishino, thell-
- necessary for its due cultivation. '
There is now no of a i.e.:.
lion of import
duties on corn, or of ....
clusi7a privileges, The l/4"
e farmers geuerullY, although

..,i

LONDON,

still shouting for protection, acknowledge - that
fact. They must then set their -shoulders 'to the
wheel in good earnest. The proceedings at Lewes
show that every facility in the way of improved
implements will be afforded to their operations.
Let fitting efforts be made to obtain proper fer-
tilising manures at reasonable prices. Let them
energetically protest against that being any
longer wasted, which, if judiciously applied,
might be rendered more valuable than the
mines of California or Australia. The sewage
of the town might be rendered one of the richest
sources of national wealth. If they do so—if they
avail themselves of the numerous resources at their
disposal, they will have no cause to regret the re-
moval of the bread tax, or the being compelled to
encounter the competition of all corners. English
soldiers or seamen have not done so, and English
farmers henceforward will not do so.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
Bou•Maza has not made his escape from Ham
after all. He has returned thither of his own accord,
and it appears from the following letter which he bas
addressed to the Constitutionnel, that he had no idea
of attempting flight, but had merely forgotten to ap-
prise the authorities of his intention to leave the
town :

" Monsieur le Redacteur,—Do not not alarm yourself.
Bou-Maza is found again, and for a simple reason, that
he never thought of escaping. Bou-Mass has no desire
whatever to escape. He has given his parole to the
Government, and be sure that :he will keep it. In the
first place, I never moved a step without obtaining per-
mission to do so, as the following document will prove:
" ' The mayor of the town of Ham, Knight of the
med-bed-Abd'Allah, called Bon-Maze,
Compiegne
'pill::a political pri-
soner at Ham has declared to him that he was going to
de-
claration has been made in conformity with the instruc-
tionsby railway
which concern him.
Julyand Pierrefondslo. for some days. That de.
o , ALLART.' ''
"1011 Saturday, the 10th, I proceeded from Montecourt
Pierrefonds to pass the day in good company- On the
for Compillene, and the next day I went to
Sunday morning, the too credulous M. Allart, on the
report of some spy or other, sent out all the gendarmes,
and made a report to the prefect and sub-prefect, de-
claring that I had gone to Belgium. I had, he said,
carried with me 10000 francs in gold and my luggage,
All that there was true in that assertion is, that I had
a carpet-bag with me containing a shirt and a pair of
shoes, and a basket containing very different matters
from 10,000 f. in gold. Here then was all France on the
alert, and for what? For a simple excursion duly
authorised. It is necessary to inform you, Monsieur le
Redacteur, that in this little town there are plenty of
folks whe envy me the morsel of bread which I owe to
the generosity of the French Government and to the
good heart of the President of the Republic. Hence thia
eagerness to do me as much harm as possible, without
any consideration for that hospitality which your coun-
try has always been so proud to accord to a vanquished
you will give this letter a place in I enemy. I hope that
your Journal, and inform all France that I never had
any intention of quitting the country as a fugitive.
" MonaresiED-BEN-ABD'ALLAH,
" Ham, July 15. " Called Bou-Maze."
Madame ABIROT, the wife of the Mayor of Aireu
(Cher), succeeded, on Dec. 19, by her determination,
in repelling a body of insurgents, and saving her
husband's papers and those of the mairie, as well as a
cross
fsatohfe.in
threl.igaw
le ion ofm honouradome ABIROT was received on which had belonged to
her
Wednesday by the PRESIDENT of the Republic, and
the PRINCE, moved by her animated narration of what
had occurred, detached the cross of the legion of
honour which be wore, and presented it to the lady.
She, though so firm in the presence of a band of ruf-
fians who attacked her husbands house, could not
refrain from melting into tears at this mark of dis•
'
tinction from the PRESIDENT.
The flags of the American consulate at Havre,-and
ofh
uarl
sl d tahye,
placed
American
half-mast vessels
high,
elhsinbthe port, were, on
Thursday, as a
sign of mourn.
ing for the late HENRY CLAY.
We read in the ilioniteur—"Some journals have
announced, on the faith of foreign correspondence,
that several generals of division are on the point of
being promoted to the dignity of Marshal of France.
According to the terms of the law of August 4,1839,
on the organization of the general staff of the army,
the dignity of Marshal cannot be conferred except
on generals of division who have commanded
in chief before the enemy-Ist, an army or a corps
dame e, composed of several divisions of different
arms ; or 2dly, the artillery and the engineers in an
army composed of several corps darmee. The emi-
nent serviees rendered to society by the generals who
commanded the army when it had to combat anarchy
and conquer inzeute, has procured for these officers
the gratitude of the Chief of the State, and that of all
France, but it has notplaced them •
in the conditions
required by the law to obtain the baton of Marshal.
The repression of civil war calls for great devoted-
ness; it requires a profound knowledge of military
science ; its hazards present very great dangers,
nevertheless, the glory which it brings is deplored
even by those who obtain it, for in days of Inmate
they are not enemies but misguided fell c. iz ow- it ens,
whom the troops are obliged to combat. Although it
may be the sincere desire of the Government
to re-
compense as they deserve such distinguished men,
the salvation of the
country, the news given by the journals we allude to
is entirely destitute of foundation."
There was a rise in the price of
Bourse, and the market closed all Public Securities at the
and-a-Half per. Cents. opened at firm. The Four-
103f. 25c. for the end of the at 1031. 10c., and closed at
closed at 72f. 45c.; Orleans Railwaymonth; the Three per Cents.
902 f. 50c.; Havre, 345 L ; Shares, 1,385 f. • Rouen,
460 f.; Basle, 299 f. 50c • Great Northern, 635 f- Avignon,
Paris and Lyons, 690 f. ibrParis and Strasurg, '6161. '2sc.
Austrian Loan, 9.5 i eat Western, 577 f, ioc.; the New
BUSINESS .
DONE IN 1,0
LONDON STOCK REIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
Dutch Rh •
enish, 6% EXCHANGE, Jinx 16.
Liege, 67/B—Paris and Lyons,Luxen2bourg, Gsfi---Nairtur and
24—Rouen and Havre, .1 o I4—Paris and Strasbourg,
West 9 vre, 1334—Sambre and Meuse Flanders,73/4-
334—Western of France 10. '

t
SPAIN.
We have received the Madrid journals of tbe
The Constitutionnel states from the gan„ah, that
a conspiracy of thirty young men of that phiee had
been discovered. Eight of them had been Con-
deraned to death and executed. The conspirators
had freighted a vessel, with the intention of joining,
either at sea or in an American port, the adven-
turers who are said to contemplate another descent
on Cuba.

The Spanish Government has assigned Seville as &
place of residence to the French exiles who were in-
habiting the village of Hez (valley of Aran). They
were to take their departure on the lOth inst. DLL
PEGOT-OGIER, ex-constituent, was one of the party.
It being Sunday, the Bourse remained closed.

BELGIUM.
We read in the Independence of Brussels of
Thursday—" A host of rumours were current yes-
terday at Brussels on the subject of the commercial
negotiations with France. They were, it is said,
broken off from political motives. There is much
inexactitude and exaggeration in all this. If
we are well informed, the question is 'still
in the same state as that described by us two days
age—namely, the application for a prolongation of
the convention of 1845 made by the Belgian pleni..
potentiaries. It appears, however, that no decision
has been come to, and on account of the journey of
the PRESIDENT f the Republic to Strasbourg, the
absence of the KING, and the. Ministerial crisis, it is
possible that no decision may be come to for several
days."