The Sun.
London, England, 1855-10-24 00:00:00

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[ PRICE 4D. STAMPED SD•

OTCHAKOFF, KHERSON, AND
NICHOLAIEFP.

Otchakoff, which forms the key to Nicolaieff, is
thus described by the Assemblee Nationale :
"Otchakoff, but for its strategical position, would be
considered at this day as an unimportant village. Kin-
bourn, the Kilburun of the Tartars, is not even, a ♦illage.
These two points, previous to the present war, were
scarcely fortified, and the most repent. accounts only
mention the existence of one•battery at Otchakoff ; but
mice the bombardment of Odessa the Russians compre•
hended the necessity of defending that passage, and the
siege of•Sebastopol has taught us the promptitude with
which the enemy can raise fortifications, and make up
in that respect for lost time. The forts of Kinbburn fell
into the 'lands of the allies .on the 17th. If Otchakoff,
as it appears probable, be attacked in its turn; the de-
fence it can offer will not be of any length. The cap-
ture of these two fortresses will open the passage of the
mouth of the Dnieper to the Anglo-French squadrons,
and in consequence the road to Nicolaieff and Kherson.
The occupation of Otohakoff would, moreover, permit
the despatch t,f a land expedition against the first named
town. Nicolaieff forms the point of a triangle, having
the mouth of the Dnieper for basis, and of which the
citadel of Otchakoff and the town of Kherson'occupy
the other extremities. The toads which conduct to them
do not appear to offer any serious obstacles." •
Our contemporary thus describes Kherson
. "Kherson, the capital of the government of the same
name, was for many years the central point of the naval
and commercial resources of Russia in the Black Sea.
There were to be found at the same time arsenals and
dockyards. Sebastopol and Nicolaieff successively de-
prived it of its importance as a military establishment.
Later it was abandoned by commerce i.a favour of Odessa,
and its population, which once counitised from 15,000 to
18,000 soulg, fell to 6,000 or 8,000 Kherson has no
other importance than that of being situated on the high
road which leads from the centre of the empire to Peri-
kop."
The Pays expresses itself on the same subject in
the following terms :
" The telegraph leads us to believe that the allied fleets
are at this moment at anchor in the depths of the mouth
of the Dnieper. The distance from that point to Kher-
son is but 15 leagues. Is it the intention of the allied
admirals to press on towards that town I We are un-
able to reply, but the mouths of the Dnieper offer two or
three principal branches, of which the medium depth is
from 22 to 25 English feet. At Kherson the river is one
mile broad and 50 feet in depth, and it would be no small
triumph to destroy the creation of Potemkin, which would
disperse its 12,000 inhabitants, and would transform into
ruins its dockyards , arsenals, barracks, and magazines.
It must not be overlooked that the capture of Otchakoff
by the allies would open the road by land to Nicolaieff,
and the former town is, in the opinion of the Moniteur,
unable to offer any serious resistance. The first success
at Kinbourn facilitates every other enterprise in that
direction, and will keep in check all the Russian forces
scattered over the country from Odessa to Perekop."
A letter from St. Petersburg, in the Hamburg
News, says :—.

"The last news from Nicolaieff, to the 6th, announces
that the Emperor will not proceed to Odessa as he in-
tended, but will remain at Nicolaieff until the move-
ments and uitimate objects of the allied fleets in ths
Black Sea ate positively known. On the 3d the Etnpe-
rer inspected two battalions of the militia of Orel ; and
on the sth his Majesty went out to meet the crews of
the fleet, Nos. 37, 38, and 39, who were arriving from
Sebastopol (Nos. '34, 35, and 36 having previously come
in). Batteries and bastions have been built at Nicolaieff,
under the directions of the Czar and the Grand Duke
Constantine. These batteries are specially prepared for
throwing incendiary shells of a new description, and
which are said to carry three English miles. It is said
that if only one of these shells falls on a vessel it must
set her on fire."

Naval and ,Ailary Int

.I
tirsib 1-1 s
led

A letter from Dalai>lava, dated Oct. 8, gives
lowing intelligence :—" The Diamond, 28, Capt. Ha,
on, sails to-day to juin the fleot. Surgeon-D,xriman dio
at Therapia Hospital a few pars alter being invalided.
Surgeon Pearce has been in. alided. Second Lieutenant
Lennox, of the Royal Marines, j,-iirts the Leander."
Vice-Admir.il Sir Thos. C,ciirane, K C. 8., Comman-
der-in-Chief at Portsmouth, struck his flag last evening
at sunset, and left on leave of absence for a week ; the
Admiral-Superintendent of the Dockyard being also at.
sent, Capt. Sir Thos. Maitland, C.D., of her Majesty s
ship Excellent, hoisted a blue pendant as Commodore of
the second Class pro tern., being the senior officer in the
port, and temporary Commander-in-Chief; Capt. Eliott,
C 8., of her Majesty's ship St: Vincent, is temporarily
Superintendent of the Dockyard.
The Hawke, 60, screw block-ship, Capt. Ommansey,
was taken into the old basin at Portsmouth yesterday
morning to nat., The Transit steam troopship, Com-
mander C. R. Johnson, was also taken into the steam-
basin to repair defects. The Blazer and Prompt, mor-
tar-vessels, have beeu docked also at Portsmouth for re-
&Ciao-

The steam-transport Earl of Aberdeen, No. 20, arrived
at Spithead yesterday morning, from the East, with the
following passengers and invalids :—Lieut. Robinson,
; Capt. Webb, 4th Dragoon Guards ; Major Hunt,
of the 74th ; Col. Phillpot and servant ; Miss Charlotte
Salusbury, Lieut. Lyons, Capt. C'astin, Mr. Strange,
Capt. Carew, Mr. Pope, first mate, and Mr. Master,
second mate of the steam-transport Culloden, wrecked at
Ba!aklava in the storm of Nov. 14, who have remained
orisoners in the hands of the Russians since then ; Robt.
King, John Thomas, Jas. Allen, Hugh Duncan, David
West, John Robinson, W. Alexander, Sergt. Lindrop,
Joseph Benoy, J. Bryan, Thos. Cross, Duffy, J. . Gar-
lock, T. Haynes, ---Ryaulds, Pat. Welsh, W.Whittaker,
Jahn Freeman, Thos. Mudyinan, Thos: Eaton, Walter
Roberts, J. Robinson, A. Randall, T. Thompson, Robt.
R&itb, Wm. Marshall, Thomas Cunningham, James Hall,
Robert Biker, S. Crabb, T. Whitcombe, A. Wilkie, J.
P skins, G. Browne, G. Clarke, S. Butcher, Jas. Watts,
Wm. Moore, Wm. Hopkins, Wro. Holden, Daniel Hall,
Thomas Hall, Charles Marshall, Peter Parker, Richard
Ewsgard, W. Piggott, John Pratt, John Lester, James
Priilove, G. Rggry, W. Chaplin, Mrs. Hannah, Mrs.
L•ndap, Mrs. Cross, Mrs. Stephen. Mrs. Rowe, Mrs.
Tagg, and nine children, and seven horses. The Earl of
Aberdeen brought Major-Genera' Sir Harry D. Jones,
R.E., frOin the camp at Sebastopol, with the in-
tention of bringing him to England, but he was so ill on
arrival at Scutari that he wis compelled to disembark,
and was left there. The Earl of Aberdeen went into
Portsmouth harbour yesterday afternoon.
There hare been no arrivals or departures from Wool-
wich since Monday, with the exception of sundry small
craft in the employ of the Ordnance Department, for the
conveyance of military stores and prcjectiles of war from
the Lowrnoor and other foundries. Of these from 10 to 14
arrive daily. Lofty pyramids of shot and shell have
again a:cumulated in the Arsenal-yard, and among the
number are four of the monster 42-inch shells, three of
the same kind having been landed there about three weeks
,ince, as an experimental sample. Further trials are in-
tended to be made with these formidable-looking mis-
siles previously to the issue of a greater number for ser-
vice, it is supposed, in the Crimea.
Brigadier-General Wooldridge left Dover on Saturday
last, by the packet Queen, direct to the seat of war in
the Crimea. Previously to the gallant officer leaving the
camp at Shorncliffe the whole of the British German
Legion was paraded, when the Brigadier received from
them a simultaneous and enthusiastic party cheer.
Lieut.-Col. Murray has resigned toe command of the
Ist Regiment, German Legion, and Lieut.-Col. Hairky
has succeeded him. Brigade-Major Mills will embark
with the regiment in the Simoom.
Captain Oldershaw, Royal Artillery, director of the
submarine telegraph at Yarns, has now the superinten-
de ice at that station of both the Crimea and Constan-
tinople lines.
Toe Rev. G. Morley has been appointed officiating
clergyman to the Roman Catholics of Chatham garrison,
in place of the Rev. Henry Lea, M A.
Staff-Assistant Surgeon Carte is relieved from duty at
Chatham, in order to enable him to prepare for embar-
kation for the East. In consequence of the crowded
state of the military prison, Fort Clarence, sundry pri-
soners have been sent back to their corps without ad-

mission.
Detachments of sick and wounded soldiers from regi-
ments in the Crimea, to the number of 59, with one wo-
man, arrived at Chatham at 5 p.m. on Monday from
Portsmouth ; they came home in the ship Transit, in
charge of two officers—viz., Lieutenant C. G. Breton,
4th Foot, and Lieutenant J. J. Bacon, 95th ; they left
Ba'altlava_ on the 23d of September. After medical in-
sp,:etion by Staff Assistant•Surgecn Macartney, 38 were
selected for surgical treatment in the hospital Fort Pitt,
and the remainder were sent to the Invalid Depot.
Several of the me❑ were still suffering from their wounds,
which were partially healed.

The following appointments, made at the Admiralty
yesterday, appeared in our late editiuu last night ;
Lieutenant George G. Wallace to the Sampson.
Lieutenant Theophilus M. Keleall to the Arachne.
Lieutenant William Jardine to the Heela.
Lieutenant James H. Ringrose to the Polyphemus.
Master James Saunders to the Fisgard.
Assistant-Clerk Francis J. Puhuan to the Sampson.
Assistant-Clerk Martin J. Hay to the Polyphemus.
Assistaut•Gla-k. Thomas Silk to the Arachne.
Assistant-Clerk William A. Martin to the Hecla.

WAR •MEETINGS.—We (Scottish, Daily Noes) under•
stand public meetings are about to be held in all the
large cities of Soctland, to take the question of peace or
war into serious consideration.

The bands of the French army (says the Journal de
Maine-et-Loire) have just received an organisation which
singularly improves the position of the regimental musi-
cians. A. young man who enlists as a musical pupil
may now reach the rank of musical officer, by rising
through all the intermediate grades.
NEARLY BURIED ALIVE.—The danger of too rapid in-
terment was exemplified in a very extraordinary manner
in this town during the last week. A young man, who
had been suffering from malignant fever, to all appear-
ance died on Tuesday morning. To avoid the danger of
infection which might arise from a corpse remaining in
the house all night, a coffin was immediately commenced,
the certificate of death sent for, and urgent application
was made to the incumbent of a church in one of the
suburbs to allow the corpse to be interred the same even-
ing. This, however, he declined, considering the pro-
ceeding too hasty, but consented to the interment tak-
ing place the following morning. The result proved the
propriety of the delay ; the grave was dug, and the coffin
ready, bat the dead man in the course of the night gave
signs of returning animation, and at the hoar fixed for
his burial was in the comfortable enjoyment of a cup of
coffee, which he had asked for, with every prospect of
recovery.— Wakefield Journal.
Two CHILDREN SUFFOCATED.—Yesterday morning
Mr. W. Baker, the coroner, received information from
Mr. Vaughan, the summoning officer of St. -Matthew,
Bethnal-green, respecting the death of two children who
had perished from suffocation. The first case related to
a child named James Stanton, aged three months, whose
parents reside at Church-street, Bethnal-green-road. The
deceased was placed in bed by its mother on Sunday
night, and when she awoke on the following morning
the child was found to be quite dead. Mr. Eagle, the
surgeon, of Church-street, was called, who said the child
had died from asphixia through pressure, most probably
by being overlaid. The body awaits an inquest. A
second infant, aged two months, named George Whit-
ing, of Austin-street, Hope-town, Bethnal-green, was
found yesterday morning lying in bed between the pa-
rents. He was lifeless, and when seen by Dr. Burchell,
of Kingeland-road, had been dead about two hours from
the effects of suffocation, under similar circumstances to
the first-named case. Deaths from the causes referred
to are unfortunately sadly on the increase latterly, and
the notice of the ooroner is very frequently called to
them in the over-populated districts at the east end of
London.
HARVEST IN CANADA.—Extract from a letter re-
ceived by Vero Foster from Stephen J. Fuller, Captain
Norfolk County, Canada West,
R.N., dated Sinscoe,
add, with referenoe to emi-
Sept. 20, 1855 :—" I may
gra is themselves, that there is no portion of this conti-
nent at the present time where emigrants can do so well
as in this county and its vicinity. Wages are unusually
high—three dollars a-day 6d. sterling) and board
have been paid this harvest for able-bodied men, and
men are now gettingli dollars (ss. 3d.) for digging po-
tatoes. The lrvest has been most abundant, hay aloes
having suffered from rain ; but the root crops were
never finer. Potatoes are most abundant and excellent,
oats the heaviest crop ever produced in Canada, turnips,
carrots, and mangold wurtzel never equalled. I have
mangold wurtzel now weighing 161b5., and a-mouth's
growth yet before them ; add to this that the seed time,
now nearly over, has been the most favourable I remem-
ber in Canada, rain, mild and warm, having just fallen
in sufficient quantity after sowing, and the breadth of
wheat already sown exceeds anything previously L-snown
here. The price 1A dollars (6s. 3d.) a bushel, is unus-
ually high with such an abundant crop, and must go
down when seeding is completed, and threshing iviner-
rally commenced, to 1 dollar, which is always a good
and remunerating mice and one at which farmers col
get rich without risk. Lands are rising rapidly, 101"
must continue to do so, from the facility now everywhere
aff,,rded for internal communication and transport d
produce to, the sea-board. I am astonished that re
have not more immigration of men with moderate caws
tal, particularly agriculturists. No country offers at
finer field.,"
The Erapress, some time ago, purchased the Hoter
Lauristou and its dependencies, in the Champs Elysees,
for her raother, the Countess de Montijo, and her sister,
the Duchess de Alba. On. the ground belonging to the
hotel are some buildings, in which M. Magnier, a
brewer, and M. Genest, proprietor of a diorama ?flare-
senting the bombardment of Odessa, carry on busitresa.
In the lease made to these persons, it was stipulated. that
they eb ould be obliged to leave on receiving six rue nthe
notice., and as their premises destroy the beauty o t the
hotel, a notice to quit on the let October was , inly
given to them. But they did not leave, and have s 'mess
she wn no disposition to do so. Accordingly, au al pli-
cati nn was on Saturday made to the President of the
Civil Tribunal sitting in chambers, in the min( s '3l
" E..M. Eugenie Marie de Guzman, Countess de T 'eh*"
and' Empress of the French," to.authorise the expu .111011 ,
of
Magnier and Genest, and to Order the demoliti oil 01
thrs buildings occep;ed by them. Those parsons di d neft,
appear, sal the president decided that in the ev tut 01
their not leaving within 24 hours the Empress should
be, authorised to turn them out by force to remo' re their
Cffects, and demolish the buildings which they motor,
All at their expense.— Galignani.