The Sun.
London, England, 1864-11-15 00:00:00

THE STIN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 15, 1864.

found, I think, that Early will be strong enough to
hold his ground at Strasburg until winter makes
further operations in the Valley impossible.
Meantime, in spite of the veins in the Northern
journals as to tho vast reinforcements which are
going forward to Grant, it is the universal
opinion here that tens of thousands, not only of
men, but of efficient soldiers, will be required to
prevail against a system of defence upon which Lee
has lavished all the resources of his science. It is
hard to say what will be the result if during the
whole of next year the Federal Government can
command men by the hundred thousand who are
willing to surrender life in order that the Union
may be resuscitated ; but I see no reason to think
that there will be any change in the position of
affairs before Petersburg during the coming winter
unless it be possible that Lee may fall back to the
west bank of the Appomattox, and hold the fine
defensive position afforded by the hills which line
the left bank of that stream. There is abundant
cause for thinking that Wilmington is the great
thorn in the flesh of the Federals at this moment,
and that we shall witness a desperate attack upon
this place within the next seven weeks. It is hardly
possible that operations against it could be con-
ducted in the winter, as the coast of North Carolina
is notoriously dangerous of approach at that season.
[*** This letter has been delayed in transmission. We
have already published letters from the same correspondent
to the 12th ult.]

A Scoto-American on the War and War
Prices,

(From the Scotsman.)
The following is an extract from a letter from an
ex-Edinburgh man to his brother here, dated New
York, Oct. 25, 1864. The writer, who with his
family has been settled for 13 years in America, is
_ .

,n business in New York. In this country his poli-
tical views were of a Radical cast, but he appears
to have been converted by practical experience of

Democracy. Referring to the war, he says :
"It is a fearful waste of human life, and to-day,
to all appearance, as far from a settlement as it was
three years ago.. lamat a loss how to account for
the coldness with which the people of this country

receive from day to day the accounts of thousands
of their friends and relations cut down in the prime
of life—and for what ? Just that one party may
rule over another, and dictate to others how they
should manage their concerns instead of attending

:o their own. 'that has been the cause of all the
earful waste of blood and money; and now I am

confident it has come to a point that there can be

no settlement unless iu separation. This great coun.

try used to be the boast of all lovers of man, as an
example of man's being able to rule himself. This
i 3 at an end, and I am also convinced that the South
will not be the only part that via separate—other

sections will break off to save themselves from the

pit the war has dug. You at home cannot imagine
how the people are grumbling at the heavy taxa-
tion that is put upon them. It was their boast that

.n this free country there were no taxation and no

tax gatherers, as in the old country. However, I
very soon found out the difference. If the taxman
did not come to your door once a-year, as at home,

I found the landlord or his agent on the first o:

every month. At home the tenant pays the local
taxes according to rent; here the landlord pays
them all and puts it on the rent; and

the great democracy thought they paid no taxes,
and were quite well pleased, and voted in the
scum of society as their rulers; they, of course,
rose from street-sweepers to rule over a
great and a free people. I have often looked with
surprise to see men put up for office when, if they

had had their deserts, they would have been serving
the State in a very different way. But, as I have
said to you before, this all arises from universal suf-

frage ; the thing don't work. IC there had been a
clause in the constitution compelling men either to
hold property or pay a certain amount of rent, there
would have been a very different class of men sent
to represent the country; and if I mistake not, this
war would have been avoided, and the country

would have gone on prospering. Bad and corrupt
rulers will destroy the best country ever the sun
shone upon ; and such is the fate of this. lam
sorry for it, because it was a good home for the poor
man, and one where, by industry, ho could make
a comfortable living. lam afraid that is at an end.
. . . Since this most unnatural war commenced,

only one class of men has made money, and that
class must have influence to get army or navy work.
An honest man has no chance whatever—and never
was there a people FO shamefully robbed with their
eyes open to it ; but the thing is so universal that
they think nothing of it, You would listen with
surprise to hear them sometimes in my store talking
over their acts of viilany ; and those that listen
smile and put them down as devilish smart fellows.

Everything in the way of housekeeping is three
or four prices, and clothing is out of the question
for a poor man. I paid for James last week for
a pair of black pants 15 dole., or £3 of your money ;
last night he had a pair of boots footed, 71 dole., or
£1 103.—50 you see money don't go far. You can't
get a good overcoat this winter short of 80 dole.,
or £l6; so you can judge how the man with a small
income can get along; and provisions are in keeping
with the above. Coal, that used to be about 5 dole.
in the fall of the year, sold at 141 dole. this. Flour
has more than doubled. Tea, sugar, coffee, &e.
the same. Even vegetables, a small cab-
bage-stoeke which used to cost 3,e., is now
15c. But how can it be otherwise ? Everything
id taxed, it don't matter what it is ; even lucifer
matches, I have bought them for Be. a pack-36
small bundles in a pack. Now, each bundle has to
have on it a one-cent. Government stamp—so be•
tween 36 stamps, the rise otherwise, the Be. packs
age that used to be is now charged 50c. Everything
is tax, tax; all to assist one section of a Republic to
force the other to their views, just or unjust. It
would make your heart sick it you were obliged, as
I am sometimes, to listen to soldiers who have re-
turned from the seat of war describing what they
saw—of wilful destruction to thousands of once
happy and comfortable families—whole sections of
fine country laid desolate with fire and sword. To-
day, I heard a captain who came home last night
from the Shenandoah Valley. The account he gave
me was heartrending, although, apparently, he did
not think so. The Valley is the garden of the State
of Virginia, rich in farming lands—in fact, the best
in the South. Grant gave the order some weeks
ago that, wherever the Federal array went, they
should destroy everything; and they have faith-
fully fulfilled his commands. The captain told me
to-day that for miles the eye could see nothing but
smoke from the burning farm-houses, barns, hay
stacks, flour mills, &c. Nothing left that was likely
to support man or beast. Those possessed of cattle
of any description had it taken from them and sent
to the Federal lines. flow long will this continue ?
And this is the way one party of men thinks to get
the other into the Union. No, those men have lost
their all—their homes destroyed ; fathers and
brother© killed fighting to defend them—mothers
and sisters gone to their lest account, broken-
hearted l What have they to live for, let me ask
you—you, a father of a family ? The answer is, I
know, Revenge. So long as God gives me strength
to wield a sword or carry a musket.' This is, in my
opinion, the sentiment of the Southern people."

TIIE BRIG 0' TURK HOTEL.—We regret to learn
that at a late hour on Thursday a most destruc-
tive fire broke out in the Brig o' Turk Hotel, situated some
two or three miles from Loch Katrina, and known to all
tourists in Scotland. It commenced about the upper parts
of the building, and was not subdued till nearly the entire
building was burnt down. Owing to the exertions of those
in the neighbourhood a good deal of the furniture was
saved. We are glad to hear that the furnishings, valued,
it is said, at about 1'2,000, are covered partly by insurance.
The house was the property of the Earl of Moray, but we
have not yet heard whether any insurance was effected on
it. It will be recollected that the Prince and Princess of
Wales not long ago took up their residence at the hotel-
-22 apartments having been engaged for the Royal party and
suite.—Caledonian Meretery.
[AuvruTtsrmENT.]--llolloway's Pills.--Enfeebled
Existence.—This medicine embraces every attribute re-
quired in a general and domestic remedy ; it overturns the
foundations of disease laid by indigestible food and impure
air. In obstructions or congestions of the liver, lungs,
bowels, or any other organ, these pills are especially ser-
e viceable and eminently successful. They should be kept in
every family, as they are a medicine without a fault for
young persons, and those of feeble constitutions. They
never cause pain or irritate the most sensitive nerves or
most tender bowels. Holloway's pills are the best known
panders of the blood, and the best promoters of absorpeon
and secretion, which remove all poisonous and obnoxious
particles from both solids and fluids.

Royal Geographical Society,

Last evening this society opened the session for 1864-65
at their apartments in Burlington-house. Among the com-
pany, which included several ladies, were the Duke of Wel-
lington, Earl of Cork, Lord Milton, Sir 11, James, Sir 11.
Rawlinson, Sir T. Nicolson, Sir A. S. Waugh, Dr Living-
stone, Sir T. Fremantle, Admiral W. 11, Hall, Admiral
Collinson, Mr Vamberry, Mr H. Merivale, Mr Arrowsmith,
and Mr J. M. Stuart.

Sir R. I, MURCHISON, the president of the society, was
upon his entrance into the room greeted with much ap-
plause. On taking the chair he proceeded to open the ses-
sion with the following observations, which he declined to
call a formal address, as that was only made at the anniver-
sary meeting of the society :—" Assembled as we are now
to commence the 35th session of this society, we begin, as
last year, with the consideration of those geographical pro-
blems regarding the interior of Africa which are still in
process of solution. This is indeed a verynatural course, for
while our enterprising countrymen well know thdt of all
distant regions Africa offers the widest untrodden field for
their researches, they also feel that, being the most difficult
and hazardous, the greater will be the honour and distinc-
tion gained by its successful exploration. It was this stimue
las that urged on the distinguished explorer Speke, who on
his return last year with his companion Grant received, not
only at our hand, but at those of the nation, a tribute of ap-
probation never to be forgotten, and which will long serve
as an incitement to future travellers. In the interval which
has elapsed since the brilliant reception of Spoke in this hall
e have had, alas! to lament the loss of that gallant spirit.
The catastrope of his death naturally threw a gloom over
the proceedings of our associates at the late meeting of the
British Association at Bath. As the president of the section
of geography and ethnology it fell to my duty to transmit a
few words of condolence to his afflicted parents, as coming
from the united body of geographers and ethnologists ; and
subsequently I had the sad privilege (in conjunction with
Grant and Livingstone) of following to the grave the remains
of the undaunted traveller who had thus been taken from
us in the zenith of his career, at a time when he earnestly
desired to win new triumphs in the
,chosen field of his re-
searches. lam sure, gentlemen, you will desire, as I do,
to honour the memory of the man who was the first among
Europeans to traverse Central Equatorial Africa from
south to north, and who, proceeding from his own lake,
Victoria Nyanza, followed its waters to the mouth of the
Nile. Imbued with this feeling, I lost no time, after his
interment, in taking steps towards the :erection of a monu-
ment to his memory, by means of :subscription—and I am
happy to find that already a number of my colleagues have
affixed their names to the list which, after the additions it
may receive in the days following this meeting will go
forth as our appeal to the public. At our next anniversary
it will be my duty to give yon:a brief sketch of the life of
this devoted explorer—and in the meantime, while inviting
you to subscribe to his memorial, I may add that our ob•
ject is simply to obtain a sum sufficient to erect an obelisk
similar to that which was reared in honour of Lieutenant
Bellot, who perished in the search after Franklin. On
this monument the name of John Henning Speke will
stand out as the simplest and best eulogy of his
main achievement, Apart from this sorrowful epi-
sode, the proceedings of the geographers and ethnolo-
gists at the Bath meeting were eminently successful.
I may say it with satisfaction that this section of the British
Association (a section formed on a suggestion of my own
in 1847) has now become so attractive that it is, if possible,
more numerously attended than that of geology, which
has hitherto taken the lead in popularity. A generous
and healthy rivalry like this is a sure sign that much is
common to the two noble sciences of geography and
geology, and that the cultivation of the one are effectively
throwing light on the researches of the other. Referring
you to the published reports for an account of the nume-
rous interesting and original papers which were read
before the Geographical Section at Bath, I must here
call especial attention to one portion of our proceedings,
A recommendation was proposed by our indefatigable asso-
ciate Mr Findlay, having for its object the continuation of
those researches into the depth of the ocean and the nature
of the sea bottom which attracted so much attention a few
years ago. This was considered to promise such decided
advantages to science that I had sincere gratification in ob-
taining the sanction of the association at large to the recom-
mendation, and a committee was nominated (consisting of
Admiral Collinson, Mr Findlay, and myself) for the purpose
of requesting her Majesty's Government to cause the vessels
of the royal navy to be furnished with the apparatus adopted
by Dr Wallich and used in her Majesty's ship Bulldog,
commanded by Sir Leopold M'Clintock, in order to pursue
those important investigations. It is to be hoped, in the
wording of the recommendation, that the exigencies of her
"Majesty's navy and the discipline of her ships may permit
these researches to be carried out, at least to some extent,
and that the records may be forwarded to the Hydrographie
Department, and the specimens to the Geological Museum,
where they may be rendered available to the public. To
sass on to the subjects for consideration at this our opening
meeting, I have to say that the first memoir to be read is
one by Capt. Burton on the interesting subject of the drain-
age of Central Attica, particularly as regards the headwaters
of the Nile ; and I have no doubt that this energetic and
accomplished traveller will so put the case as to arouse in
us the strongest desire to see cleared up, by renewed expe-
ditions, this great question, which,was so ably set forth by
Dr Beke, whose views have since been supported by the
geographer Findlay, as eeel I as by the antiquarian researches
of Mr John Hogg and Mr Vaux. It is true that one
or more of these points may probably be elucidated by the
enterprising Baker, direct news from whom we must
patiently await; far, acc)rding to the accounts gleaned
by Petherick from the men belonging to an Arab trader,
Baker had recently visited some great lake, probably the
Luta Nzigel, and was safe in the interior. After the
last journey of Livingstone towards the northern end of
his lake Nyassa, when he came to the conclusion that no
large water flowed into it from the north, it has become
evident that no problem concerning the internal drainage of
Africa can be more deserving of attention than the configu-
ration of the country between the northern end of Nyassa
and the southern end of the lake Tanganyika, of Burton and
Spoke, an interval of about 360 miles. To fill up this void
in our maps of Africa, and to settle the great question to be
brought before us this evening, I venture to say that (with
the exception of Livingstone himself) no one is more com-
petent than his coadjutor, Dr Kirk, should he have the op-
portunity, to lead an exploring party in this direction. His
anion of varied natural history knowledge, undaunted per-
severance, and acclimatised constitution, not to forget his
conciliatory manners, eminently fit him for an enterprise
which would task the resources of most travellers. Another
communication to be laid before you this evening will lee a
recent letter from M. du Chaillu, addressed to myself—one
of several which he has written to his friends in this coun-
try on the eve of his departure for the unknown interior of
Western Equatorial Africa. I doubt not this letter will meet
with approval even on the part of those who most criticised
the narrative of his former journey; for it exhibits the ho-
nesty and tenacity of purpose, as well as the lofty aims, of
this courageous explorer. Our society may be well pleased
that it should have supplied Du Chaillu with new instru-
ments, to replace those which he had procured for himself,
but lost by the upsetting of a canoe when ho was disem-
barking in the Gaboon country, After occupying the inter-
val in accumulating large collections of natural history ob-
jects, which ho has forwarded to London (including large
specimens of the gorilla in the preserved state for presenta-
tion to the British Museum, and a live gorilla to be offered
to the Zoological Society), the solitary explorer has now de-
parted on his errand to reach the central watershed of Africa,
where he supposes the Congo and the western branches of
the Nile take their origin. Our assistant-secretary, Mr
Bates, has performed the useful duty of abridging, for coma
munication to this meeting, a portion of the voluminous
notes of the late Richard Thornton, referring to his
exploration of the snow-capped mountain of Kilimaeljare.
Mr Thornton, in the earliest and last parts of his scientific
career, acted in co-operation with Dr. Livingstone on the
Zambesi, and in the interval was the companion of Baron
von der Decken in his first remarkable expedition. The re-
sults of the labours of this fine young man, so prematurely
cut off, must be divide] between the Geological and the
Geographical Societies; for Richard 'Thornton possessed
just the character which I can best appreciate -viz., that
of a man who unites in his own person the power of deci-
phering the outlines of the surface of the earth with that of
explaining the structure of its crust and the changes it has
Y that I have received
successively undergone. Before we prcceed to the business
of the meeting, let me inform you
letters from our medallist of last session, the Baron Charles
von der Decken, written from the Seychelles Islands, on his
way to Zanzibar, where, doubtless, her Majesty's Consul,
at the instance of Earl Russell, and our naval officers, by
the direction of the Duke of Somerset, will do everything
in their power to facilitate his putting together the river
steamers which he takes with him,
and by which ho hopes
to ascend the Jub, or some neighbouring river. To carry
his enterprise to a successful conclusion, this selfesacrificing
explorer will need the assistance of the Egyptian authori-
ties, as it is intended, if possible, to cross the water-shed
which divides the Eastern African rivers from the basin
of the Nile; and, possessing only
a formal passport of the
Pasha, he has applied to me to procure for him a fireman of
a more influential character. This, lam happy to say, is
in a fair way of being arranged, as I have obtained from Sir
H. Bulwer, her Majesty's Ambassador at Constantinople, a
promise that he will take such steps as he doubts not will
speedily procure the transmission of Zanzibar of a finnan
giving to Baron von der Beckon the means of obtaining the
aid ho desires. Thus we may hope that from the east as
well as the west side of Africa successful explorations will
soon lay open many portions of the interior of that conti-
nent which still remain unknown. The interest which the
public and ourselves take in all questions of African explo-
ration will, I am happy to say, be kept alive through the
ensuing session by the application of Dr. Livingstone and
Mr Charles Livingstone's narrative of the expedition to the
Zambesi and Lake Nyassa ; and also by the issue of a
volume by the gallant Capt. Grant before he returns to
military service in India, entitled " A Walk across Africa,
in which the domestic scenes of the natives of Equatorial
Africa will be vividly described. In concluding, allow me
questions in which
to say that in describing any African
theory is involved I trust our proceedings may bo conduced,
as heretofore, with that mutual good feeling which has
always characterised them. Let discueeions which assume
too disputatious a character be confined to the various

periodicals open to such contributions, where the contend-
ing parties may find full space to advocate their respective '
views. Exciting as these topics are, and valuable as they
often prove in leading to great discoveries, their real im-
portance must be determined by the testimony of such
patient observers as Livingstone and others now happily
present in this room, whose well-defined observations are
recorded in the volumes of our society. Lastly, let me con-
gratulate you on our increasing prosperity, as testified by
the cheering fact that at this the first meeting of the session
no less than 37 candidates are desirous of being enrolled as
Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society."
Before resuming his seat Sir R. 'MURCHISON announced
that the Emperor of Brazil had been elected that morning
ono of the five honorary members of the society, and that a
telegram had been received, stating that the African steamer
Calabar brought word of the safe arrival of Dr Baikie from
exploring the Niger and adjacent territory.
Capt. BURTON then read a paper entitled " Lake Tan-
yika, Ptolemy's Western Lake Resorvoir of the Nilo." This
treatise, which was of considerable langth, and which was
illustrated by frequent references to a hugo map of Africa,
suspended on the v, e.l,professed to be a purely geographical
notice of a paper by Captain Speke, "The upper basin of
the Nile from inspection and informations." It entered
into a great variety of geographical details, combating the
late Capt. Spoke's theory in reference to the source of the
Nile. The view taken by Capt. Burton may be generally
conveyed by quoting the few last sentences of his paper :
"I believe Ptolemy's Niger to be not less exactly laid down
than his Nile, and that ho knew more about it than Europe
did before the days of Richard Lander. And in confidence
of his sagacity I cannot but believe the Tanganyika to bo
the western lake reservoir of Father Nile, The word
'source' is expressly avoided, in the belief, with Mr
M'Queen, that a lake unless it be a more ' eye' of water,
cannot be taken as the head of a river, though the river may
issue from it. Lake Baikal is not the head of the Yenessei
River, Lake Tsana is not the head of the Blue Nile, Lake
Geneva is not the head of the Rhone, Lake Lausanne is not
the head of the Rhine, Lake Superior is not the head of
the St. Lawrence, nor Lake Winnipeg the head of the Sas-
katchewan, and so of other rivers on this globe. I will
conclude with a statement, which to some may appear para-
doxical—namely, that the real sources of the Nile, the 'great
Nile problem,' so far from being ' settled for ever' by the
late exploration, are thrown further from discussion than
before. They are not, we have been told, in ntabibus, but
they elude our vision. The exploratory labours of years,
perhaps of a whole generation, must be lavished before
even a rough:survey of the southernNileotio basin can treat
the subject with approximate correctness of detail. Illais
les sow ces du Nil, sort elles decouvertes ? inquires our fellow
labourer in the field of geographical science, M. V. A,
Malte-Brun, ABUS ne le croyons pas. No geographer does,
no geographer can, believe in the actual settlement of the
Nile sources. That the Tanganyika is the western top
head of the great Nile, and that the Bahiri-Ngo, which
supplies the Tubiri, is the eastern, I have little doubt. But
the Arcanum Magnum of Old-World Geography has not
yet been solved. It still remains to this generation, as to
its forefathers, ' Caput queerer° Nili'—to close the Canon
of geographical discovery."
After a brief discussion, in which Dr Livingstone, who was
warmly applauded on rising to speak, took part,
Sir R. MunsillsoN read a letter from Captain Grant,
testifying to Capt. Soeke's accuracy of observation during
his journey, and explaining that the "Mountains of the
Moon,". as they were drawn in the original maps, were
merely an exaggeration of the engravers, originating not
with him, but in some foreign map made by a German for
his rough sketches. The President of the society then con-
gratulated the company on the tone in which the discussion
had been conducted, and said nothing had fallen from the
eminent author of the paper which they had just heard read
which could for a moment divert them from the intention of
subscribing for a moment to that distinguished traveller,
Captain Speke; for whether Captain Burton were entirely
right and Captain Spoke wrong, at any rate Captain Speke
was the first to traverse Equatorial Africa from the south to
the north. As to the great question under discussion, no-
thing but the investigation of travellers could decide that,
and he had received a letter from M. Du Chaillu mention.
ing his intention to follow the lino of the equator as far as
possible, until he met some river flowing into the Nile. M.
Du Chaillu added that he had sent to the British Museum
seven gorilla skeletons and six gorilla skins preserved in
salt, and among the live stock, he added, would bo found a
live gorilla. (Hear, and laughter.)
Captain BURTON observed, with respect to the statement
relative to the Mountains of the Moon, that they were dis-
tinctly marked in the map which Captain Spoke first sent
over.
The meeting then broke up about 11 o'clock.

The accounts from the manufacturing districts for the
rest week have in some instances been satisfactory. At
Manchester there has been a fair inquiry for cloths and

yarns for the Indian markets, and prices have shown an
upward tendency. The woollen trade of Leeds, Bradford,
and Huddersfield, however, has been dull, while at Leices-
ter and Nottingham only moderate transactions have taken

place in both hosiery and lace goods. In the hardware
districts of Birmingham, Sheffield, and Wolverhampton

there bas been little change of importance.
A MONSTER GUN.—A 20ie. Rodman gun was rep•
cently tried with success at New York. The Herald
says :—" Though this gun has already been described in
the llerald it will not be out of place hero to say that it
weighs nearly 117,0001 b. Its diameter or thickness is nearly
6ft at the breech, and its bore is 20in. The solid shot it
throws is 1,0301 b in weight, and the regular charge of pow-
der is 1001 b, which may be increased to 1251 b. It is calcu •
lated that there are few armoured ships afloat whose sides
this monster would not crush. The gun was first loaded

with the regular charge of powder-100lb —a blank car.
tridge, and fired amid the applause of the spectators.
The report was not louder than that of a 10-pounder
Parrott loaded wn solid sho', nor was it near so shrill.

Probably it did not create so great a concussion of the
atmosphere, and could not be heard so far. On examining
the monster to see the effect, it was noticed that it had only
deigned to roll itself back disdainfully about two feet. The
air was sulphurous for a considerable distance around it.
This time the " big fellow" was loaded with 50ib of powder
and a solid shot weighing I,oBolb. The shot was driven GOO
or SOO yards, when it dropped in the bay, ricocheted two
or three times, knocking up splashes of spray as large as a
ship in full sail and twice as high, and finally disappeared in

the water. On examining the gun after this discharge it was
found to have moved on its carriage just enough to show that
it knew how to work and to work easy. The final trial was by
far the most interesting and important of all that preceded
it. Great impatience for the result was manifested by the
spectators. A heavy concussion of the group las well as
the atmosphere was now looked for, and there was just
enough of anxiety for the safety of the giant, who was now
become a pet among those who ware not familiar with its

powers, as to lend the additional charm of excitement to the
interest hitherto felt. The gun had now in a full charge of
1001 b, of powder, and I,oBolb. ball. At length it was loaded,
and it !was announced that the fuse was about to be fired,
Every one rushed out of the way, and many took shelter
behind the redoubts of the fort. The fuse hissed and flamed,
but while all waited breathlessly for the flash, it only turned
out to be a flash in the pan.' The fuse failed. An officer
then went up, who must have had great confidence in the
gun, and snapped the cap, and oil went the big gun. The
report was very little louder than that which immediately
preceded it. There was no perceptible concussion of the
ground, and indeed very little of anything to lead you to
think that the greatest gun known to exist had then been
fired. The shot whirled through the air from the angle of
25 degrees, at which the gun was elevated, and, after de-
scribing a beautiful arc, which was visible to the naked eye,
dropped into the water about four miles off. The noise made
by the collision of the ball and the air, in the flight of the