The Sun.
London, England, 1864-08-24 00:00:00

of his city into the Zollverein would bring about
the total ruin of his Freystaat. There was a time
in which, whether obeying a spontaneous inclia
nation, or yielding to popular pressure, the chief
German Governments combined to bring about such
a social order as would give the country all the
mental and material advantages of a compact come
munity. The establishment of a common copy.
right provided not only for literary unity, but
also for an almost absolute free dom of the
press, inasmuch as the publication s that were
allowed in any single State practic illy acquired
the right of unirnped7d circulatio a throughout
all the others. This literary league ought easily
to have led to a united system (if education;
but the local restraints against the fr te exercise of
the learned and liberal professions is ,io groat that,
for instance, a Prussian cannot ho graduated at
Berlin or' Born, unless ho has studied at least for
two years in one of these universi ;ice ; a Saxon
roust eat his two years' term at Leipsio, &.1. Those
States who have no academical institutions of their
own, es, for instamc,?, the city of Lubeck, must
come to some arrangement with one of their neigh..
hours; but, even in that case, the dread of assirni.
lation of rights and interests is so great, that a
Lubecker who studies at Berlin is not admitted to
the free exercise of his profession in any part of
Prussia, but is only graduated for Lubeck.
No one will
tell me thatthese inconveniences
could not be done
away with on the slightest
sainti-
mation
.to that effect by the Eeund part of the
population of the different States ; but the men
who
htranPgece:UPrreitsiuesmianrge vtoerydestacruichhe
astonished
at
outt
anyuc
them as evils. They telt You that the beauty, as
well as the happiness of Germany, consists in the
utmost development given to all local talents and
energies by separate institutions; they y are always
ready to denounce the evils of centralisation, and
point to England or France as instances of
countries where a great centre like London or
Paris absorbs all intellectual light no lees than all
material prosperity, leaving all the cireataiecenc,
in darkness and misery. There may be some
truth in what they urge, and there were men
in Italy who equally trembled for the fate of
such minor centres as Florence, Parma, Bologna,
Naples, &c., when the project of establishing the
seat of government for the whole Peninsula at
Turin or Rome was first entertained. But, in the
first place, it is true union or even unity is alto-
gether incompatible with decentralization; it is not
true that in England the capital has so utterly killed
the provinces as it has in France; neither is it quite
true that in Italy local well-being has been or will
be sacrificed to the general welfare ; but, were it
even so, it would always be a choice between two
evils, and little would it profit the people of this
country to have achieved the rain of Danmark if they
are so far as yet from obtaining a victory over thera-
selves, over their uarrow local predilections; if „he
real object nearest to their heart was and is not to
create one Germany, but to add more to the six.
and-thirty Germanies already in existence. The
unity to which the Germans are said to aspire has
been hitherto powerful enough for the injury of
their neighbours, but it remains to be proved
whether, even in their own judgment, it can work
out any real good for themselves.

SECOND EDITION.

bUN OFFICE, HALF-PAST 4 O'CLOCK.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCES--This Day

YORK RACES—Tins DAY.
(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH:)
FILLY SAPLING STAKES.

Siberia
PhyseHs hay
Brioche

Four ran.
LONDESBOHOUGH CUP.

'
Stirup Cup
-
Queen of Trumps
Skylark

Thirteen ran,
PRINCE OF WALES' STAKES,

Gentran
Wings of the Wind
Jupiter

Six ran.
RA WCLIFFE STAKES.

Peeress
East Lynn
Approver

Five ran.
GREAT EBOR HANDICAP.

Raglan ..
Nemo
Despair
11. 3

Eight ran.

RACING FIXTU.

[RES FOR 1864.

York August
Plymouth
Lichfield 029
SEPT;

Devon and Exeter •• • • 30
Srocktcn 3O
Derby

Weymouth 1
Baden-Baden .... 1
Warwick September 6
Bridgwater 8
Leicester
Doncaster

Brecon
Richmond
Royal Caledonian Hunt 21
Monmouth 22
Manchester Autumn
Newmarket First October 27
113 ER

Bedford
Edinburgh and Lothians
C1ub.......
Nswmarket Second Oct lO

Lincoln
Kelso
Gloucester
Newmarket Houg on 2l

SHIPPING-THIS DAY,

LONDON, Aug. 24. Wind at noon, N,W., strong
breeze, and cloudy.
CLYDE, Aug. 23.—Arrived—Cuban, from 'Matanzas.
Sailed—Marchmont, for Quebec.

SHIELDS, Aug. 23.—Arrived—Mar, from Boston—
Adolphus, from Bilboa.
"(BY MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH)

GRAVESEND, Wednesday Morning.
Arrived, Aug. 23—Omar Pasha. from Kragoe.
Arrived, Aug. 24—Gebroeders Visser, from Amsteriam,
Sailed, Aug. 24—Sir R. Peel, steamer, for Dunkirk--
Belgium, steamer, for Ostend.

DELL, Wednesday Morning.
Passed—Murillo, screw steamer, from Seville—Latons
screw steamer, from Palermo—Helton Chaytor, acre;
steamer, from the West—gall for London—Ballarat, from
London, for Wellington.
Anchored—Pelham, from the West for the North.