The Sun.
London, England, 1852-05-19 00:00:00

rTRIT of th6_ PUBLIC JOURNALS

I, nom TIM IldlOttNlNO PAPERS OF THIS DAT.
TlttlEtt.--thheientirely concur with a remark made by
Loralattlaitnea.huttyeid the .short discussion on Monday
' evenieg with We:el-tee to the protection of British eel;
iscta in letly, that it is very unv:orthy of a
greet ccun-
try like thin to La
ve nobody. ' through whom. it can
fli ree
eoiallead, Ott the_ Court or Rome, and., that England
ehoald otly Cairz by -a roaridahout tceurse and in a sort
of e''' '-eeL"tel 'hey the fulfilment of the conairtoa oblige-
"tie' "f ii "--ahaetatl heti from the .Patett Government.Leal Malmesbury's short iiptittleicc at f the Foreign-
office lice .alieTtidyeaoaVinced. hi au of the importance of
lievieet rkt, Rope a dialorciatiett ehlent of sufficient ear*
at d hell-at...nee tomet c lithielftheard by the' Pope's
Mtaistehs, Iheugh its wee° ' only *far the protection of
British rethhaaiiii that city Parish commercial
), ht 0^ ' 1
• interests et ettacono ea ' , p h.O 7. 1: -' Qrf • for the character of
e.,
I‘l,C. Fff3t ho,rii (Air Consul, or the eat more anomalous
position of :1‘1.,-, keLi'n, certainly do I. enable these
gtltllleettn to produce: rauch. effect on the Vatican.
Bat since Lena-- Malmhsbuty has at length arrived at
this einclutiopt be catetot hate forgetter] that it yeas
the clanse ins4teel in' the Bill cf 1848 by _ the ,potie
Hof
L,.,a,, ca i 1)" fr:q...0;;41. of his cone:evt
e the pr'eteeit
etre:a tn
Lt'reare‘4tnteehit ot I;,1 et e ehich rent -,e Apt'. of
the late Govetrenent far elealdiellingelipleinatic reletidits ,
atilt Uctele efiteneTtaand lai,,pnratiye. Thafelause pro- '
t tr:
vitle'd that tho diplomatic ageet whom her- ""q-'t
receive in thit.eeuatty
fatete toeCetirt of Phano eheuld
not be in licAly :et dcy-3 i..ltit° Church a U m'; or it
m oMber of r i•tiy ligieun Greer: • I; was unfortunately
adopted and,iieterted iri the Bill by a majority of 6 7 to
ta
64'. ''Sach•aliitatieu wet not unnaturally, re tented by
the Pope as an affeont, for it was au ueprecedeeted thee:
itre.t•adeqt.o by law a* cite ef persons to Which a cle-
Whtreatie tnent -"tit and accredited by a foreign Govere-
Mteetal.ell uot belong. To poi et of fact, es was • stated
by' ord Ale-ate:4i is cetetetttee en the gni:there is 0
etilft4Pee ef Ile (h•htrt of Thane ever having sent a teit
hister : to any Peutettentteounlry,
awl though the
Prussian Goverarneet has' 'nag_ had a ,Minister at
Rome, no t Itateieh Nuncio ever. *Made his 'ePlxtsrt
hue' :at Berne. ^ 'Peohably the HMO course would
haw been pursued • toivarde this country. But as
,e. tiquache malt necestarily' be an eceletiastie by the
usrgc of, the Pepal G'overnment, it*Was.an absurd ' con-
tradiction to profess it desire" to promote diplonistic re-
latOns With Reran by a Bill deciarieg that it is exit"-
client to remove ell donhts on the subject, and then by
the tame 13111.t0 prchibit the reception by the Queen of
the claes of means .front whom the Calla of Rome is in
the habit of seleetine ad its-Ministers both at home and
'shroud. The donstquenca was • that the Act has re.
neartaid inopdative or vtorse: The Pope haa not sent to
this country .aay-diplomatic agent; 'the Popes Govern
'tmeaketill itii.ksittelf at liberty .to hear de little as it
-,
..
pleases.of the fordonstrauces or dernands of an: English
Seeretarelhof Seate:;* transmitted byaticnindaboitt course
or in an iniaqhatielt way; British residents in Rome re-
main without a a deeent•plscani: 1.: h
therseia according to the
rites of the-. Church:. cf England, and British: subjects
may even be cast into prison, or condemned to death,
as far ea .weakaow, . without inquiry or trial.
Mere are teo .parts of the globe hi which'
one interests are exelueiiely defended by cen-
sular ehents; the one is the Chinese Empire, the
other the Papal dominions. Nay, if the theory of non-
recegnition were-luny:acted-upon,. our relation with
'Remo would belbOse we 'eneietain with Bukhara or
Japan. : :Yet at this eery-time, and while the effects of
this shoriSightel restriction were hardly ;foreseen,
by its authors, the Pope took the most peremptory and
effensivee wens of sharing that ho wanted nb Diplo-
matic Relations Bill to ettablith his ecelesiasticalautho-
xity in ,its most direct and arrogant forth amongst us.
He appointed an ethiatary of his own; 'trained in all the
subtlety and .. dogmatism of the -Retnish schools, to be.
Private in lrelend; and he appointed a Cardinal, hold=
inn the ref& of‘h-Prince in his Om Court, and assuming
.the epUrique title_ of Archbiehop of Westminster in our
`cin coedit-y:6 reside here in the plenitude, of Papal
;power over the,,hiereephy. he had- just called into exist-
ence. The fear of such a result was the very motive
aseigeed bytltordi Aberdeen- for objectirg- to the pre-
see6a 'of au' arch-priest in England in the character
of a .diplienetic-- Wet. - "It would be," he said,
--•'•to transter.
,the V :op. to London, to f%r as the,
_Spirituel ettieat of Roman Catholics are concerned 'in
thiS cntntry,htad, headded, diet' heh had Much rather see
thileiautharitt„ if it mutt exist, rent aiu at home than be
tritheaferred hehe'` On this ground Lord Aberdeen sup-
ported Lord Eglintotl'e amendment, and in fact doused it
'totpitea.. To et Was in 1848. In 1850 no diplomatic re•
lationi bad iadeedtheen.ettablished with Home, but a
Cardieal-Arolibishop Was restdieg .
in Westminster with
thosa *very :te]We rs of an alter ego to Which Lord Aaer.
• deed had seleatly otPthh"• We dtentit hatitato to. /WOW
ta
-Our 'convictien' that if the Diplomat Relations . , B-11 had
received these-nett:Jet of 'Parliament as it was introduced
by the Meaq,,,uisi of ,Lansdoy!ne, andetwithent Lo:d
Egliatun's cfatace, and 'if a dtecrect. ,
and influential
Matieter of thoChownef Eugiand had at once been aecre-
dihed to thittr' h 40. e c art, the clitattrous consequences el
....,, , t , ,
Lord Mintsiettaissionehignt. have been repaired, and the
Papal Govern ett alight have been eo informed at d l
'enlightened as to the policy Which it was-then the ear-
neon wishd- her.Mtjt.etie Government to pursue towards_
tlititlßomritit 'Catholic' subject's of the Crown, fhit the
ac:s Of *Provecatioli arts retaliation we' have since bad to
deplore would have been altogether attended, and we 1
should have hf?,d less reason to aenounce a course of ag-
greasion
„. ,
es and intolerance on the part of Rome that drives
-us back to the defensive weapons of past ages. Far from
increasing the 'spiritual power of the Pope by a recogni-
tion Of - hia temporal power as Severetgla of the Roman
-States, it is precisely by affecting to ignore his existence
as a temporal power ahat we have left his spiritual
authority wholly urteenticdlet:; and a large share. •
of. the thioroachinge. and mischievous policy . this,
country hen* had •of lute so much reason to
complain of ,tat due to - the bigotry which refuses
to urni.l4- the_-_:ordy . rational and epptopriate Meanie
of dehelec.. It, is more thad probable that when Pitis
IX. took theeteps which kindled to etrong a feeling of
fesentment throughout, this island, mild revived, lo Tull ,1
hostilitytagainti the Roman Catholic party, ho was very
.ignorant of what he was,doing; eta! the ohje.ctions of .a
6,,mpetera;fpre'sentfitii6 of the, Qticen.of England would,
have 'done far. more to 'pre'vent this -mischief than the
Ecclesiastical Titles Bill has done to cure it. But all
these evils, which 'Lord relahneehury ,now regrets, are
the direht result. of the .amendthent -which the-party now
in power had tficteatiefortuni to carrY.* The caged Mr.
Murray, whichgaie like to ibis discussion, is imperfectly
known to theewerld, and though some interest has been ,
xeit,i-i in hith'favour,_ What is kp own of him is not very
rfaiOurable 'id hia 01114e:cr. He is the son of a British
officer, •but, ,we believe h 3 had became an officer
of police und'ir the Papal Government .at AecOna, and
*tenet in this neat he is said to-have formed a connexion
with a gang of t
criminals. The weightiest charge
against him, is:that Count Severido, and another parti-
sea of thet Pope, who bad been implisonhdley the Re-.
publican faotinta were roUrdtred in prison while they
were in the custody cf-Murroy, and this -at the very.
time when an-order bad boat .given by the Goveinor,
of. that place thit they -blioni.d .be released. We know
aothirk of the"tatith or falsehood of, this charge, and
the British G•dvennnteet fias certainly no induce-
ment .to . reeetia. _ matt of.- lead character , from
the fate they, may have incurred by their , crimes. •
But we have some right. to require that, even in 6 coun-.
try where justice is-adminiaterect with as much tenelinets
and corruption,-as - ttehappily prevail in the Roman •
States, a British subject should have a fair trial; and to-
that extent tha protection of the Crown is duet() a man
in this'std itntihen. The appeal made to the Pepe by
the English rtaideuts in D
...Dine is, however, merely, a •
euontication beer mercy; in favour of Mr. Murray; rind we
otteervethetettoatternitt ,is EaAtle in that dceument.4o
dispute his quilt, Ihongta
the sufferings he has already
uedorgone-in •this. Roman, prisons nearperlaspe plead in
his favohr and deter the Papal Government from in-
flleting the last penalty of tho lam Whether that lee,
has bteit justly-administered le Wsubject for inquiry by
the Foreig u tltc'etnfle anti far our Minister at. It ene, if
we bad ft.:et ant this eecurrence forcibly reminds tie cf
tho acenveme:t.. add' uh .
worthy position in which we
staid towarda. rthat
_natoert;
without the usual means of
proteetieg either private or public interests in the very
cote t ttY thitetts such protection is for several reasons most
required. ,_. _ , , , , :
. GERALD.—Considerable dOubt seems to be enter-
tsined hate whether-Lard John Russell will -again offer
thinteelt as a etniithate for the representation-of the City
of reendhne Thie doubt is founded on the undisguised
want Of c
uufils'l:() "1; 1C in him by his former. .political.
supeorters in Le' q titty.
-he decline of this confidence
has had its origin in two or throe sources. The Radical
party have never been pa.t.i'aed with his Lordship'e con-
duct in referenceato_the e „ wish
T
h question. They have be-
lieved that if he were keen}, sincere on that question, he
would' here:shOwn-•much' greater energy and determine- 1
tion in pershintaihforwarch Their lastmovement '
. illrespect ,
of it was to pease. resolution, calltne
g upon Lord J. Rus-
sell to introdiroe_scms anbstlatirs measure by the Exe-
forcativo
tird*w , Governm
th thee
whole whiwe:ph
gat Should. bring the question
t•
of the Administration.
,Tor this tee9eition Lnd John : replied ~by. introducing -
it into his Reform Bill—ii gill which he was
well aware would never pass the
e -Souse of Coin-,
mons. Further, thie Reform Bill itself has never
*been-tlookad upon with favour by the Whig-Ridioal ,
party in the City.. Then Lord John Russell's conduct
-on the Cuttente .question, there can• be no doubt,
,hat}
witbdrawiffrom him a large body of
City suppoit. He
Was found supportiog his Chancellor of the Exchequer
-athe 'Moat eue!popular occupant, of that .office that has
for a ,long -tithe-Beal seen-7-throughout that most dis-
.gracefutooatest with: the dock companies.. His conduct
on that occasion was compared with that of a Tory First
Laid Of. the -Treasury, Lord-Liverpool, before whom a
eotneehat similar occurrence (but wholly free from tee
effeasite %eremite .of theee latter doings) had taken
_thirty-fire years ago, and who, '
Place vine - . ifin..o,ore instead of.
treating tile data, , e n with the hatighty in--
dlfforetleo which' they experiepced •in Mee en-
. 1 coefercece with
"red into rei"n'aanti, 40403 :the them, stopped all
„law pletecedineinw, tthattt r to au. rma.
b n course
ea.ble,,,PeTin""e'lna' Italicel party,' friendly, 'but effec-
tive inceetnrye,netah
o,vv.onti -r4thouzh 'btrorg in
their own pelhlell c, •
~ I iti, ~ :could not but meet)
Itho contiast between the co,hetiet el theee two TA iaisters ;
and fadiag;tnoreover, that in the 'tilt of our ' social
grievances, there is neisiceuet
(-plaints: nee; reform than
that of the -iihti•W.', 'e'e t- the, Customs, they
could not help
,thlietr• i,?:_. le,Ensttltnenatment of -their
spirit_,,,,oiero „eau wo
ri
,u, a, greater,h practical hind-
rance to a tuost uip-sstry f
Burritocjrwme 1 eeel2l 'wt.! tied in ohr own
Whig Government? t,
h . 4'
Y 'et worse off wide
Lind Derby-?'' Silent: Y'' believe,,, is a pretty accurate
statement of the condition of puolte opinion-in the City
- • .ttv tit' the time-when Lord John Fussell
it; it stored prevlettsa .
n oft'affa'i t •
restguedtiheedinietttr'4ne°, _ tt. nothing
binee_then—We
say it with regtete for tner°!, '‘'i
. ,gainud to the
notion .by the eloweringal.e etar.dard of tho personal
position of our,,: leading -atveemeh---tthe course . which
thhal*J*ohnitti-itelle hi, ;
~theuethtah becoming. in, him to
pursue, a
..s t -lie leader of the Opposition, has damaged his
''
position throughottt the length and breadth of the land.

_E'VENTING, MAY 19,

The probability seems to be that his Lordship will either
suk to represent some other constituency, or take his
Iseat in the Upper Flousotof Parliament.

THE " BURMESE EMPIRE AND

- - --- •
THE LAST WAR.
At the present moment, when hostilities with the
Burmese en a large. sezle Save acarally commenced,
some account of a country and a people less known to
us than probably any part of the globe, if we except
the interior of China and the empire of Japan, will
douhtless be interesting and instructive to cur readers.
Ly hag betwetp the great peninsula of Hindostan in India,
and the Chinese Empire, is another peninsula xi:alsly equal'
in extent, running down from the Himalaya mountains
draost to thesiquitor for a distance Of abi-,ut, 2000 !tiles.
The greoter part of ill peninsula has an average breadth
of 800 mile4,trat the southern portion ends.in a barrow'
peek cf.' land, 800 er 900 miles long, the c.4rq,,c
Width: of which does not exceed 150 - the
extremity forming the hin,deria of. Malaya or „Ma:
laces, and terinisatieg
,at
.the straits of Siucripore, the
high raa-d from the w=et to China: Of this va;t pee:
al p-
to, which has an areaof upwards a million sviare
miles, the- Burmese Empire comprises morn rjoa.,), 4
fourth. Neither the area nor'tbe geo'grspitic,%l oc
the Bartncse Empire have been ot-tmniced iiceu.
ney., bat it is, known that-et long of sueoesseg bud
rendered tJt Ekv,i the htuvii,p, the isoSt .intole-
•rat-A, and the-m`&,-erYc'erful' T'l-car p_v,,,. over
the countri4s 6.43 of the Bay cat 132rval t.,ult it; No
n=?arly at the 'same time_ that the Etiglish tJgYI to Le-

quire supremacy in Inds, 'and the pr-ogressot-todi was,
egstilly rapid,' Corqbests on each side hioeglat the. two
roweriiito nearer c h'ntif et length the eegehi-:,
tion ley the Esst Company of. th erockee4 of
Atrate Cachar, and A,rraatint pieced the Bur aneze ao ear
neigh htir4 On the north-west frontier.
The inhatitants'are. evidently of Tartar orizic, end
hove' many p:eullafitiet of ehitradter, ft noire, arld,
ideal canformation in common, their, lf,ssteriineigh-
boars, tlia.Chinese. TheY aro ebort and robust; the
face is wide at the, c:.0,,k-loonass, and: pointed at the
forehead and chin like a lozenge, with a small nose,
narrow eyes, placed slanting, and black coarse' hair—
their colour is lighter than the Ilindoes. Their
worship is that of the Pagan. There is no standing
army,'but as the sovereign islord.of the lives and pro-
perties Of his subjects, every male adult is obliged to be-
come a soldier, and fight when called upon. The crush-
ing despotism of the Burmese princes bad taught the
people to believe that their rulers were irresistible, and
throughout the whole of our operations in that conet:y,
no inducements (Meld win them from an alkgiaLce
strengthetted,by the unchecked conquests on every aide of
more than hilt a century. Th,, chief cities and towns of
the kingdom are situate on either bank of the great
river, the Irraavaddi. Among them is Raugoorn of
which we. have already spoken. Amarapoora, the
former capita!, i 3 placed about 500 miles up the
stream of the Irrawaddi. In 1819, the chief sat
of the Government was ramoved to Ava, a few
miles lower down the stream on the opposite bank.
The southern district of Bnrmuh is called .Pegu, and
the -Capital is a large city of the same name. In the
sixteenth century the .Peguans were the rulers of the
HUTMOO empire, but were ultimately put down by the
Barn:tans. In the middle of the eighteenth century the
Peguans were again masters, but the Burmese rose and
pnt theta down.
The eauses'Which lironglit 'us into collision with the
Burmese in the-years 1825 and 1826 originated to far
book as the beginning of the present century. In 1793
or 1799 the :Minghs, an agricultural lace, settled iu
Arracan, who had been for a long period subjected
to the most cruel oppression and tyranny by
their Burmese masters, emigrated, to the number
of several thousand, into the neighbouring district
of Chittagong, having learned to appreciate the
superior mildness and equity of the British rule. Tens
of thousands continued to pour over, declaring that they
would die rather , than return to Arracan; end vast
numbers actually perished of want, famine, and fatigue,.
the road to the Nast river, which forms the boundary
between the Burmese province of Arracan and the Bri-
tish district of Chittagong being strewed for miles
the :bodies of the aged and decrepid, and:of mothers
witliinfants at their breasts. Four thousand Burmese
troops were sent after the :frlinghp;and they entrenched
themselves so firmly with stockades in the, dense woods
of Chittegong,, that they repulsed a hotly of Sepoas sent
to .nrive them away. 'At this time there eere about
40 000 or 50;000 refugees in the province of Chittagong,
and the Burineee-roontireh sent an emboesach,r to Cal-
cutta to the Marquis, of Wellesley, the then
Governor-General, .. to , remonstrate -against the
encouragement givers to them. The only result
of this mission vvai the issuirg of a proclarnatiOn by the.
Governor. General declaring that any subjects of the
Burmeto King who,shauld thereafter emigrate would
not be received Within the British .territories. Towards
the close of 1800 on uneoeditional surrender of all.the
Miugiis was again demanded, and ,Lieutenant-Colonel
Symes was sent in 1802 as ambassador on a friendly
mission to the Court of Ava, while a contide-
raja detaehnient, under Lieutenant-Colonel Burnett
was Marched to the frontier of, Chittagong. Mat.
tars remained in: abeyance for-some' years, but iu
1811 some of the Minim began. to make predatory

incursions into the province of Afro-can, and tbe Bari:nese
troops retaliated by incursions inteiebe company's ter-.
ritories. Petty complaints,. recriminations, and hostili-
ties continued up to 1815, when the Rajah of Ramere,
governor of the Burmese frontier province, wrote
in a style of more than ordinary bombast, demanding
a surrender of all the Mingh emigrants, with a
_plain
menace that a refusal to comply with this demand
must produce immediate hostilities. Explanations
•were sent in answer. In 1818 soothz.r more imperative
demand was made, and a conciliatory answer sent
back, and thus matters went on for some years
further, the tone of the communications, and the
letters of the high. officers of the Burmese provinces
bceothing every day more arrogant end insolent,
while the desire of the British aathorities to avoid
a rupture seemed only to inflame their proneness
to hostilities—they had evidently formed plans of ctin-
quest, which rendered war at length inevitable. •
It will be seen -from the foregoing sketch that the
history of the Mingh emigration and its consequences
forms not only in itcelt an interesting episode in the
annals of British India, but is also a necessary prelimi-
nary to an account of the Burthese war, the first waged
by the Company beyond the proper limits of ledie.
In 1823. the Earl of Amherst: tecame Governor-de-
enrol of India, and in the fallowing year the long
threatening storm burst without any attempt at explana-
tion or negotiation. A night attack was made upon a
small island situate in an arm of the sea, which divides
the province of Chittagong from Arracan, and the small
body of sepoys by whom it was defended were either killed
or compelled to retreat. Hostilities were also com-
menced further to the north on the frontiers of Assana and
Minipore, and the few Sepoys brought against the in-
vaders defeated, and at length increasing in confi-
dence, the Burmese advanced into the province of
Sylhet, nearly 100 miles from their own fron-
tier, and only 226 from - Calcutta. Hero they
attacked by Colonel Brown with a very inadequate
force, when the British were repulsed with the loss of
four officers and upwards of 100 men. Great alarm was
excited at this intelligence, and a proclamation an-
maneing war against the Burmese was "issued by,
the Governoveeneral. Up to this time the most
-extraordinary want of information prevailed among
the authorities of Calcutta 'tegarding the Burmese
nation and people. The Government wavered as to
whether the war should he commenced by sea or by
land. At one time it was intended to have marched
upon Ave, the capital, through Arracan, while a cub-
sidiary force, acting simultaneotisly, was to cress the
frontier more to the north at Cachet., but further in-
quiries. showed that Arracan would be too unheahhy,
anal the expedition was ahandofied.
The plan of campaign finally arranged, and somewhat
hastily Adoptwi, was to send an army, under the eoevey
of a considerable squadron, to take pos.session of
Rargson, the ceief sea port of the Burmese enrpire,
under the impression that tae stizatte Of this great
emporium would terrify the' King of Ave, and induce
him to sue for peace. In case of refusal, it was
resolved to make .Rangoon a depot for ammunition and
military stores,seiz4 the boats by which the nacigat.ion
was carried on, mid eseend 'et) the capital of the empire.
six hundred miles up the ricer. A second army was to
_co-operate by an overland 'march in •the same direction.
The sea and' land forces destined for Rangoon
were placed under the commend "of Sir Archibald
Campbell. Oa the 10th of May the squadrons end
transports arrived at the mouth of the Irrawadili, and
its arrival. being wholly unexpected,, the Burmese au-
thorities were thrown:into the greatist sterna and con-
sternation.h It was hoped that by pushingon at once,t,
-that
town would surrender in terms of protection,
hand h
11 of
cattle, boats, boatmen, and drivers,
which • .the • expedition was totally wnitnpnoa:iod:d.:
would have been timed at their
adopted
The Burmese authorities. however, d
much more tyrannical and relentless policy asa. rPeughadrded
their own subjects, and a much more harassing
invaders.
se-
riously embarrassing policy as regardd
d,
•Knosvieg the town:could not be defen
.e
and
ties assembled the whole of the bahtihteal:lttsi,thori-
compelled them to. proceed in a mars into t‘%ll,heeinnmtoheset
recesses of the jangle, so that
squadron arrived Opposite the town,
were
four, the town de-
slettee: a few shots
were exchanged, they landed an
serted. The pity felt by the Britishhforiotobleeminehhatbirtaainutys
expzlled from their homes during e
os_t_
season soon gave way to anxiety for their own p ion
o le of the country,
--they were deserted by
thleapeeeppect supplies—they
from whom alone they could
rileans
of
moving eith/.e
were unprovided with t.ho
re was to be fouud in the
by land or avatar—nothing osome paddy," or rice,
surrounding district b
policy of the Burmese
in s. the husk, the
rulers being to remove". beyond reach everything
dillsly to prove useful to en invadingarmy; and through.
out the entire history of the war they followed withthe
seet,s' vigilance the only system which could have
seri g--delred the situation and prospects of the hinders s
e
-
riously embarrassing, arid afford themselves any reason.
The evacuation of Rae -
able hope of succos• . • goon was
only the commencement of a, syte
hsm et viell-c.oneerted
waste t e country in front
that feriae would
operations for laying
' Vie British army P
the hoe
of
them Linn. the shores. ro thts conduct the
mess adhered adhered long and steadily. In cut therarce of their
policy: they endeavoured to avoid a pitched battle, and
Lila°ty blockade the British by forming with their troops
a COI(
tan round the camp calculated to herrass and wear
oet the evenly.. The firer operation of Sir Archibald
Campbell Oast() take the possss %ion of the Golden Dagen
Yagoda--a vasc and magnificent ettuetnre adorned with
scams and decorated with gilding—about two and a
half miles from Rangoon. This pagoda, which was
cepablo of being strongly fortified and defended, was
daring the whole :of the time the British remainedan
the neighbourhood of Rangoon, the key of their position,
and was the object of frequent and furious assaults from
the Burmese. But the hope of finding native boats to