The Sun.
London, England, 1864-09-27 00:00:00

Social Science Congre,s.

YORK, Monday Afternoon.
The banquet at the De Grey Room on Saturday evening
passed off in most excellent style. The chair was occupied
by Lord Brougham, and amongst the company present were
the Lord Mayor of York, Sir George Strickland, Sir Bald-
win Leighton, M.P., Mr Westhead, M.P., G. W. Has-
tings, Esq., Edwin Chadwick, C. 8., and the principal
notabilities of the association then in the city. After the
conventional toasts had been proposed and drank, Sir
John Pakington, M,P., rose for the purpose of
proposing the toast of the evening---" Prosperity and Suc-
cess to the Social Science Association, and the Health of
the noble President, Henry Lord Brougham." He paid a
very high compliment to the noble lord, trusting that, I ike
Lord Lyndhurst, his intellectual power and usefulness might
be retained to the extremest verge of human life. The toast
was drank with hearty cheers, in responding to which Lord
Brougham expressed the gratitude he felt for the assistance
which he and the Associaticn had received from Sir John
Pakington and others. He defended the Association from
several of the objections which had been urged against it,
and declared its operations to be most useful and important.
He then proposed, "The House of Commons," which was
responded to in an effective speech by Sir Baldwin Leighton,
who thought the ventilation of Social Science sub-
jects greatly facilitated the labours of members of Parlia•
ment in the adoption or alteration of laws. Lord Teign-
mouth made a lengthy speech, in which he eulogised the
services of Lord Brougham, ani commended the objects of
the Social Science Association. The presence of the noble
lord revived in his mind many old reminiscences respecting
the anti-slavery agitation, and he recalled the saying of
Wilberforce to the effect that, during that agitation, Lord
Brougham had never flinched from the object in view, but
manfully fought for it from the very first. lie then pro-
posed the health of Sir Charles Hastings and Major
Ackroyd, who both duly returned thanks, the former
stating that he did not think that in any of the depart-
ments there would be found questions of more vital
importance than those which were discussed in the de-
partment (of Health) over which he had the honour to
preside. Like the preceding speakers, ho praised the ser-
vices of Lord Brougham, who had helped to raise the Asso-
ciation to its present high position, and obtained for it the
promise of so bright a future. The noble chairman then
proposed the " Health of the Lord Mayor," who acknow-
ledged the compliment, and stated that the corporation
and the citizens of York had done their best to make the
visit of the Association to the ancient city as pleasant as
possible. The names of the local secretaries and com-
mittee, the Lady Mayoress, and the Secretary of the
Association, Mr G. W. Hastings, were then drunk in
swift succession. Mr Hastings, in returning thanks,
alluded to the new section—that of Agricultural Science—
which had been established. In response to the toast of
" The Foreign Visitors," Judge Marvin, of New York
mode a long and interesting speech, in the course of
which he alluded, at some length, to the questions of
maritime insurance and international law. Various other
toasts followed, and the company then dispersed.
Yesterday proved beautifully fine, and many of the
visitors amused themselves by strolling along the ramparts
of the ancient walls by which the city is surrounded. In
the minster a large congregation assembled, for the pur-
pose of hearing the sermon announced to be preached by
the Dean of York. Lord Brougham, the Lord Mayor and
Lady Mayoress, and many other leading personages were
present. There were also a considerable attendance in the
cathedral. Great numbers of people congregated in the
streets for the purpose of seeing Lord Brougham. The
various d&saenting places of worship were also well filled.
To-day we have been favoured with a continuance of the
fine and brilliant weather hitherto enjoyed by us, and
the result has been a considerable accession to the number
of visitors. The streets wear a more lively and animated
aspect, especially in the vicinity of the buildings wherein
the meetings of the several departments are held. At half
past ten a meeting was held in the Festival concert room,
for the purpose of hearing his grace the Archbishop of York
deliver his address as president of the Education Depart-
ment, The attendance was very large, more than 1,000
members and associates being present. Of these a consider-
able proportion were ladies; and on the platform we ob-
served Sir S. Northcote, M.P., the Dean of York, Sir C.
Hastings, Dr Lankester, E. Chadwick, C. 8., and other
members. The chair was taken by Lord Brougham, who was
received with cheers. The Archbishop then commenced
reading his paper. Speaking with great rapidity, but with
remarkable precision and fluency, he entered into the whole
question of education;, which he divided into three heads,
treating each with a degree of comprehensiveness and
liberality which repeatedly called forth the applause of all
present. He disapproved of university examinations for
females, who, he thought, had enough to do at home. He
also touched upon the question of the grammar and other
endowed soheols, university reform, and popular education,
He was favourable to the widest possible spread of the
blessings of education, the advantages and benefits of which
he extolled in terms which elicited loud and prolonged
cheering. At the conclusion Lord Brougham highly com-
mended the paper, which was certainly remarkable for its
broad and liberal views.

In the Jurisprudence Department a discussion arose en
the special question, " Whether any, and what, ameliora-
tions can be introduced into the institution and conduct of
Criminal Prosecutions ?" a paper on the subject being con-
tributed by Robert Stuart, barrister-at-law. This depart-
ment was but thinly attended.
In the Reformatory Section, which was well patronised,
the subject of convicts was brought up. Sir Walter Crofton
presided, and the papers read were on " Convicts without
the Prison," by Mr G. P. Organ; "Discharged Prisoners,',
by James Marshall; and the " Supervision of Licensed
Convicts," by Mr James P. Measor.

The sitting of the General Average Committee, presided
over by Sir James P. NI, ilde, was attended by many
foreigners and members of the International General Ave-
rage Committee. The subjects, however, proved very un-
palatable to the generality of members.
Tha Education Department, presided over by the Arch-
bishop of York, was the most largely patronised. In fact,
as might have been expected in a cathedral city, it has en-
joyed a greater share of popularity than all the other de-
partments put together. This morning it held its sittings
in the De Grey Rooms, when papers were read on the
state of education in the rural districts.

The health department was somewhat thinly attended,
for the special question discuss° though important, was
necessarily dry in nature. It related to the causes and
prevention of excessive infant mortality, papers on the
subject being read by W. 1). Husband, 1,,1L0,P., Dr. Ikin,
and Dr. French.

The Economy and Trade Department held its sitting io
the small ante-chamber at the Do Grey Rooms. The
accommodation was miserably deficient, and the paucity of
seats occasioned much inconvenience. Edwin Chadwick,
Esq., presided, Mr R. A. Arnold read a paper on " The
Cotton Districts and the Famine," in which he traced the
manufacturing prosperity of Lancashire to its immense
supplies of water power and coal, and stated that, in the
matter of drainage of popu'ation, it W7B to England what
America was to Europe. He also said that 26 per cent.
of the population were not natives. Alluding to the
famine and its effects, he praised the demeanour of the
operatives, and spoke in favourable terms of the co-opera-
tive societies. Adverting to emigratior as a remedy for
the distress which prevailed, he corrected several popular
errors on the subject. He also alluded to the effects of the
Public Works Act, and concluded by observing that the
results of the famine proved that the prosperity of England
was not dependent upon any single branch of manufac-
turing industry.

Mr G. J. Holyoake then read a paper on "Co operative
Progress during the Cotton Famine, and the " Growth of
the Halifax Store," in which he traced the remarkable
spread of c.')-operative principles amongst the working
classes, and the rapid development of the societies thus
formed. He traced the progress of the Halifax Co-opera-
tives, which was truly astonishing, rivalling even that of
the Rochdale Equitable Pioneeis. The reading of this
paper gave rise to some crscussion, in the course of which
Mr Edwin Chadwick, Mr John Holmes, and others spoke
favourably of the co-operative movement.
Mr J. HOLMES, of Leeds, then read a paper on " Houses
fur the People, and How to Provide Them," in which he
delineated the defective condition of our house accommoda-
tion for the working classes, and described the history of an
association at Leeds, which turned over £150,000 annually
for the purpose of supplyieg its members with improved
cottages, drawings and plans of which were exhibited. It
was a mast instructive paper, and received with consider-
able applause.

THE BISHOP Op NELSON.—The Bishop of Nelson
(New Z!aland) has announced that he is compelled
to resign the charge of the diocese in consequence of the
increasing failure of his health. However much some among
us may dissent from the views entertained by Bishop Hob-
house with reference to Church government, all will learn
with deep sympathy and regret ghat the resignation of his
episcopal charge has been rendered imperatively necessary
by illness. This we have good reason to four has been aggra-
vated, if not actually caused, by events which aro of too
recent occurrence to need further allusion to them, but
which must have been the source of poignant suffering and
sore disappointment to his lordship.. We can ill spare from
among us the presence of men of intellect and single-hearted
purpose. Bishop Hobhouso's departure from the province
will also deprive us of the wholesome example of a courteous
Christian gentleman, pious and self-devoted, who acted in
strict accordance with the rigid line of duty which seemed
to be prescribed by his priestly and episcopal vows in the
midst of social difficulties of no ordinal y magnitude. The
bishop's missionary labours and journeyings, both by land
and sea, have been neither email nor unimportant; while
difficulties which the most hardy settler has feared to en-
counter in traveling in the interior have been disregarded
and bravely surmounted by his lordship at the call of duty.
As time exercises its mellowing it flaences upon the un-
happy differences which have in some degree embittered
those affectionate relations which should exist between the
chief pastor of a diocese and his fleck, we may indulge the
hope that the memory of Bishop Hobhouse'e presence among
us, and the example of his pure, sell-denying, and useful
life, may operate not unprofitably as a witness against the
unspirituality and open mammora-worahip of our days,—
Ardori Lvain frier.

HER MAJESTY.

The Queen and the members of the royal family
continue in excellent health at Balmoral.
His Imperial Highnzss Prince Elimar of Olden"
burg left Balmoral on Saturday for the south.

Prince Humbert of Italy.
Yesterday morning his Royal Highness Prince
Humbert of Italy, attended by Ccl. du Plat, Equerry
to her Majesty, and accompanied by the noblemen
and gentleme❑ in the suite of his royal highness,
left the Italian Legation in Grosvenor-street, after
an early breakfast, in the Qaeen's carriages, for the
Waterloo Terminus of the South IV (stern RailweYt
to pay a visit to the camp at Aldershot. The Prince
and the officers of his retinue were in uniform, Tile
Count Maffei and the Marquis Balbi, members of
the Italian Legation, also accompanied the royal

party.
According to orders issued on Saturday, the
divisions formed for a field-day in the Long Vali/
at a quarter past nine, and shortly after that hour
Prince Humbert and his attendants arrived, acorn'
panied by the Lieutenant-General Commanding, Sir
J. L. Pennefather, K.G.8., followed by a brilliant
staff. The troops then marched past the saluting
point in the usual order, the bands of several bre,
gades in their order, massed; playing lively airs.
The cavalry and the horse artillery again passed at
a gallop, and the troops immediately after prepared
for the mar ceuvres of a field-day. The plan of action
appeared to be to attack an enemy advancing from
the south, and accordingly a strong line of skit`
mishers were thrown out on the tight. These 111/'
ing successfully operated, Major-Gen. Taylor on the
right, and Major-General Russell on his left,
pushed forward, the former officer skilfully
compelling the enemy to draw in his left, Gen'
Russell vigorously attacking the centre. Thea
operations were gallantly supported by Royal
Horse Artillery, Cavalry, and Royal Artillery',
commanded by Colonel Sir D. Wood, K.C.8., and
Major-General Hodge respectively. The Infantry
Reserve was in command of Mejor.General Batee,
and consisted of the Ist Battalion 14th Regiment'
The foe (imaginary) having been beaten back 0°
the south, the troops took up a fresh formation 00
the east, whore General Bates brought his brigade
into play, and after a splendid advance for 8010
distance, the movements concluded with a sharp
tire from the infantry, which had deployed into
line. The troops returned to quarters at a quarter.
to twelve. The weather during the earlier part or
the movements was very foggy, and this somewhat
spoiled the effect of the display. About eleven
o'clock, however, the atmosphere partially cleared.
Immediately on the conclusion of the sham fight
the Prince and suite proceeded on a tour of inspec•
tion around the camp. In the course of this be
visited the Commissariat, some of the libraries, the
gymnasium, and other places, and afterwards par'
took of luncheon in the mess of the Royal Dragoons'
Having subsequently inspected some of the barracks
the Prince returned to London in the afterneco•
accompanied by Colonel Du Plat, arriving at half•
past six, and was entertained at dinner by hie
Excellency the Marquis d:Azeglio.

His Excellency the Prussian Ambassador and
the Ciuntess Bernstorff arrived at St. Leonards-on-Sea
yesterday from Germany to join their family.
His Excellency the Belgian Minister and
Madame Van de Weyer have been placed in great affliction
by the death of Mr Bates,father of Madame Van de Weyer'
This event, which we announced yesterday, took place 8t
New Lodge, Windsor Forest, after a long illness.

The Marquis and Marchioness of Salisbury re-
turned to Hatfield House, Herts, on Saturday, from visit-
ing the Earl and Countess of Carnarvon at Highcler°
Castle, near Newbury, Yesterday the noble marquis and
marchioness left Hatfield on a visit to the Right 1100.
Benjamin Disraeli, M.P., and Mrs, Disraeli at Hughor
den Manor, Bucks.
The Earl and Countess of Derby will entertain
a select party during the ensuing month at Knowsley Pair,
near Prescott.

To the Memory of Captain Speke.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SEN.

Sir,—As I was highly gratified when I read the
pcwetful and graceful tribute to the memory of th°
lamentFd Captain Speke in ?he Sun of the 19
inst., I beg to state, through your medium, that nil
geographical friends and myself have resolved to
bring about the erection of a suitable monument to
commemorate the exploits of the man who, of all
Europeans, first crossed central equatorial Africa
from south to north, with his companion Grant, and
who (setting aside all disputes respecting the source
of the Nile) unquestionably determined the exist•
enee and position of the great water basin whence
the Nile flows.

At the recent meeting of the British Association
at Bath I suggested to the geographers and ethno-
logists over whom I presided that we should call for
such a memorial, and the suggestion was waroall
applauded by a very crowded assembly.
Yesterday, in company with the gallant Giptaill
Grant, who had travelled from the north of Scot-
land, and Dr. Livingstone, I followed the remain°
of my lamented friend to the family burying-place
,
of the Spekes in the church of Dowiish Wake; and
now that he has been cut off iu the zenith of his in'
trepid and brilliant career, I feel confident that thio
appeal will meet with a generous response.—l rem
main, sir, your obedient servant,

RODERICK I. MURCHISON,
President Royal Geographical Society.

Clifton, Sept. 24.
P,S.—Subscriptions to "the Speke Memorial
Fund" will be received by Messrs. Coutts and Co',
and Messrs. Cocks and Biddulph, bankers ; and at
the offices of the Royal Geographical Society, 161
Whitehall-place.