The Sun.
London, England, 1852-10-02 00:00:00

FRANCE.

In the Constitutionnel we find a long article on the
probable advantages of the penal settlement of
Guyana. Our contemporary, after showing the great
obstacles which opposed the success of the convict
settlement of New South Wales, proceeds thus :
. .4 The [Feat and useful enterprise which the Govern-
ment is attempting at Cayenne is placed under much
better conditions. It is, in the first place, based on a
,very old nucleus of colonization. Although it has never
been able to acquire any great extension, the colony of
Frenoh Guyana is peopled by nearly 10,000 individuals,
of whom from 1,000 to 2,000 are whites. It is a centre
of civilization, the neighbourhood of which will soften
for the convicts the sufferings of an exile which is other-
wise very mild. The facility and promptitude of com-
munication with the mother-country is another ground
of security for the new colony. Botany Bay, situated at
the antipodes of Europe, is at a distance of nearly 4,000
leagues. Compared to Botany Bay, Cayenne adjoins
Europe; the means of communication are prompt and
sure, and all around the new establishment are rich coun-
tries and civilized people. At Botany Bay it was necessary
from the first to have recourse to the most rigorous repres-
sion; for it would have been otherwise impossible to keep
under a population of that character with a very small
garrison. The disciplinary regime to which oar convicts
are subjected is, on the contrary, calculated to improve
their moral state. The Government is desirous to open
to them the path of rehabilitation, and everything which
can tend to degrade them in their own eyes
will be most
carefully avoided. Good conduct and sincere repentance
will be treated with kindness, and it is thus that the
improved
and will take root, and become by degrees
and flourishing."
A second municipal election took place on Sunday
last in various towns in which the pisufficiency of
voters rendered the first election invalid. At Macon
and Tarare, both demoeratic places, the candidates of
the Government, were nominated ; and at Nantes
forty-five Government candidates out of forty-seven
were chosen. At Roanne
in on the contrary all the op-
position list passed, and itis the name of M.
Brizon, a political offender condemned to forced resi-
dence in that town.
The Governor-General of Algeria, in order that
the colony,should not be backward in the expression
of. its feelings towards the Prince President, ap-
pointed a deputation to proceed to Marseilles,
in order to congratulate him on his arrival.
The deputation consisted of General Pelis-
sier, commandant of the province of Oran, M.
Lacombe, secretary-general of the Government,
M. Lechene, mayor of Algiers, M. Canton, president
of the Chamber of Commerce, Baron de Vialar, M.
Bouly de la Sapie, and M. Morin, colonists in the
department of Algiers. Captain Appert, one of the
aides-de-camp of the Governor-General, has accompa-
nied the deputation.

GERIVIAN Y.
There are three new cases of cholera reported in
Berlin from the 26th to the 27th.
In Posen on. the 25th there were five new cases,
and three deaths. In Buk: the epidemic has ceased,
after sweeping off 105 persons of the 170 attacked.
In Elbing for the last few days only isolated cases
have occurred ; in the district also there is a decrease.
In Ortelsburg, Konigsberg, and Braunsburg the dis-
ease still prevails, but with abated force ; during the
month from the 25th of August to the 25th of Sep-
`ember the mortality in all these three towns has
been above 50 per cent. of the persons attacked by,
the disease. From the general tenor of the last re-
ports, it is hoped the epidemic has exhausted its
strength for the present season.
At Ostrowa, in the Duchy of Posen, four criminals
were beheaded on the 24th, in the court-yard of the
prison. They had been condemned for murder. The
death warrant having been read to them, they were
taken separately to the block, all traces of each exe-
cution being removed before another was led out. In
twenty minutes the executioner had severed the four
heads, each with a single blow of the axe—a dexterity
lauded by the journals, as it presents a contrast to a
scene which took place recently at Dresden, where
the instrument was the sword. At Ostrows, the
execution was according to the Prussian law, in
private.
On the railroad from Berlin to Breslau an improved
expedient for signalling has been adopted worth trying
on lines where collisions are more likely to occur.
One of the conductors of each train carries a small
galvanic battery with him, that can be connected with
the wires of the line at any point, and a message sent
to the nearest station. As the method is simple it is
likely to come into general use.