The Sun.
London, England, 1864-03-16 00:00:00

CITY SEWERS COMMISSION,

Mr. J. DAw read a report from the Improvement
Committee, to whom had been referred for conside-
ration the various railway and other bills introduced
into Parliament this session which affected the city
of London. They stated that the following were the
bills which it bad been proposed by the joint com-
mittee of the Houses of Lords and Commons should
be proceeded with in the present session :-
1. The London and Blackwall Extension--the
works proposed being to widen the existing railway
on one side only, and to enlarge the station at Fen-
church-street, for which purpose arches will be
thrown over the adj,)ining
streets, and the station
will be thrown up to Mark-lane.
2. The North London (additional powers), the
proposition being to extend the station on the east
side of Liverpool-street, taking in Broad-street-
buildings, Thompson's-court, &c.
3. The London, Chatham, and DJver (No. 2), to
continue the railway round to the north-western
parts of Smithfield, to unite with the Metropolitan
(Finsbury-circus Extension), underground through-
out.

4. The Metropolitan (additional powers). This
did not appear to affect the City.
5. The Metropolitan District Railways, Inner
Circuit, Nos. 32, 33, 34, Junctions 7,8, 9, by which
it is proposed to continue an underground railway
from the Thames Embankment at Blackfriars along
the line of the intended new street to Cannon-street,
thence on the south side of that street to King Wil-
liam-street ; north of the Monument, and south of
Eastcheap, by Tower-street, to the north side of
Allhallows, B trking- churchyard, to Trinity-square,
to join the North London Railway.
6. The Metropolitan Railway (Trinity-square
Extension), to continue the Metropolitan line from
Finsbury-circus to Trinity-square.
7. The Metropolitan Grand Union (portion north
of Thames-street) is projected with a similar object.
8. The East London is also designed with a like
object, to run by London-wall, Hounsditch, &c., and
to be brought into connection with the Thames
Tunnel.
9. The Great Eastern (Metropolitan Station and
Railways), by which it is proposed to bring the
Great Eatern Railway station into Wormwood-
street,

The committee recommended the Court to pe

;on Parliament against each of the said bills affec

ing the City, and they had accordingly instructed
the City Reraembrancer to prepare petitions to be
laid before the Court for signature, and it was their
intention to seEk a conference with the special com-
mittee of the Court of Common Council on railways
in the City, to endeavour to arrange for a joint op-
position to the bills, or of such of them as might be
found necessary or expedient to oppose in committee,
and they asked the Court to refer the same back to

them for that purpose, that they might take such
steps therein as they might be advised.
The committee further reported in reference to
the bill promoted by the Charing-cross Railway
Company to extend the station at Dowgate-hill and
Cannonistreet. They stated they were in negotia-
tion with the promoters to effect an amicable ar-
rangement; but they thought it expedient to peti-
tion against the bill, in order to give the Court a
locus stanch if needful.

The report was agreed to, and the several petitions
were then laid before the Court by the City Remem-
brancer (Mr. Corrie), and were at once signed.
SANATORY CONDITION OF THE CITY OF LONDON.
Dr. LETHEBY presented the following report on
he sanatory condition of the City
"To the Honourable the Commissioners of Sewers

of the city of London.

"Gentlemen,—The inspectors' returns, which are
before you, relate to 184 houses that have been in-
spected during the week, and I submit a list of 32
places for sanatory improvement.
"The markets and slaughter houses have been
dulyinspected, and the officers have condemned
3,8581b5. of meat as unfit for human food. It con-
sisted of 13 sheep, 13 pigs, 25 quarters of beef, and
24 joints of meat. Nearly all of it was in a diseased
condition.
" I place before you a letter which I have received
from the meat inspector of Leeds informing me that
it is a common practice with certain persons in that
town to send diseased meat dressed as human food
to the City markets, and that in consequence of the
vigilance of the meat inspector at Leeds the prat.
tice of sending the meat to London is largely in-
creasing. I may mention, however, that although
the salesmen of London are accustomed to give your.
inspectors great assistance in the condemnation of
such meat, yet there are many instances of refusal
by the salesmen to give up tLe names of the senders.
We have, therefore, no opportunity in such cases
of bringing the guilty parties to justice.
" I also place before you a letter which I have
received from Mr. Thompson, a veterinary surgeon
of London, informing me that horses affected with
the infectious disease, glanders, are frequently
driven through the streets of the City in such a
manner as to be dangerous to cattle, and even to
man.

" The mortality for the week is greatly below the
average for the season—only 48 deaths have been
registered in the week, whereas the average num-
ber for the corresponding week of the last eight
years is 61. At the close of last month the
.mor-
tality returns advanced to 82 in the week, and from
that time they have been gradually declining. The
chief causes of death during the week are as follow
_phthisia 8, meseuteric disease 2, pneumonia 4,
bronchitis 6, whooping cough and
making together 10 deaths from tubercular diseases,
10 from inflammatory affections of the lungs, and
2 from diseases of a zymotic character.
diptheria 2
" Seventy-five births were registered during the
week—namely, 30 boys und 45 girls.
" I remain, gentlemen,
your obedient servant(Signed) " Hy. LETHEBY.4
Some discussion took place, in which attention
was called to the Cattle Diseases Prevention Bill
now before Parliament, Which Dr. Letheby said
was at present under the consideration of the Mar-
kets Committee of the Corporation. He expressed
his opinion that the bill was a very proper one,
bat he considered that the foot and mouth disease
among cattle, being of so serious a nature, should
be included within the provisions of that bill.
csideration.
It was ultimately decided to leave the matter in
the hands of the Markets Committee; and Dr.
Letheby expressed his willingness to attend that
When the subject was
bcormoumgihttteuendief necessary
rtheir o

SUPPLY OF GAS TO THE CITY.
Dr. LETHEBY reported that the illuminating
power of the gas supplied to the city during the
past week had in each case been above the require-
ments of the Act of Parliament ; bat the propor-
tion of sulphur present in the Chartered and Great
Central Gas was above the quantity sanctioned by
Parliament.
The Commissioners, after transacting some rou-
tine business, adjourned.

THE YANKEE CONSTIITUTION.—There is an un-
mistakeable influence of climate on the European
race settled for some generations in America, The Ame •
rican, compared with the Englishman, is lean, though he
grows fat rfter long sojourn in Europe. The Virginian—
except the West Virginian—is especially tall, slender, and
lean ; for, the effect of American climate is more striking
in the central and southern thanin the northern parts, and
most so among the working classes in the plains near the
sea. The New Englander, of the same stock as the Vir-
ginian, is shorter, and usuelly round-faced. The genuine
Yankee is clearly distinguished from the Englishman by
his sharp angular features and the excess of breadth
Which makes the lower
partbetw oeefuthtehefaacnegelcieusaortehinis owatleader jaw,
ofoval.ov.
The curly hair of
the European is apt to become siraight and stiff in America,
and to grow stiffer and thicker with each generation. The
long neck which usually accompanies in caricatnres the
long straight hair of the Yankee, indicates weaker develop-
ment of the glandular:system, but there is a great increase
of nervous irritability. Some writers have attributed this
to a predominance of dry west winds, others to the use of
spirits. The voice of the true Yankee has leas metal than
than that of the European; hi, eyelids are said also to be
shorter. It has been said, too, that the beef and mutton of
the United States show, by defect of flavour and nutrition,
as compared with that of Europe, the less favourable in-
fluence of the climate upon animal life. In New South
Wales the influence of climate tends to make the children
of :Europeans tall and lean, while at the Cape there is
among European colonists a tendency to fat.—Dickens's
" All the Year Round."

TILE THIRD EDITION OF THE "SLANG DIC-
TIONARY," now in the press, will contain, it is said, fully
3,000 more unauthorised words and colloquial expressions
than the preceding edition.

Yesterday, •at 12 o'clock, the members of this
Commission met at Guildhall for the despatch of
public business. Henry de Jersey,EEq., Deputy of
the Ward of Aldersgate, occupied the chair.
PROPOSED RAILWAYS IN THE CITY.