The Sun.
London, England, 1852-08-17 00:00:00

AMERICAN NEWS.

LIVERPOOL, MONDAY.-By the Royal Mail steam-
ship America, Shannon commander, we have advices
from New York to the 3d inst., and Boston to the
4th. She has 152,000 dollars in specie, on freight.
The America sailed from Boston at noon en the 4th
inst., and at 2.20 A.m. on the sth passed the steam-
ship Niagara, hence for Boston ; at 1.20 A.M. on the
611 the America grounded going up Halifax Harbour,
but so slightly as to be scarcely perceptible. She
arrived at Halifax at noon on the 6th, and at 5.17
rm. again proceeded to sea, having been detained 31
hours by the Admiral on the station. She came
gg north abou'-," and arrived in the Mersey at a quar-
ter past twelve to-day.
The America will go into the graving dock to-
morrow, for examination, and will sail at her ap-
pointed time on Saturday.
The steam-ship Hermann arrived at New York,
from Southampton, on the 31 ; and the steam-ship
Niagara, hence for Boston, arrived at Halifax on
the 3d.

The steam-ship Asia, hence for new York, was
passed at ten A.M. yesterday, 285 miles from Liver-
pool.

- The steam-ship Ohio had arrived at
from Aspen wall, with 219 299 specie on
dolls. in New York
freight, and 100,000 dolls. in the hands of pas-
sengers.
Congress was to adjourn on the 31st of August,
whether the public business was done or not.
In the Senate, on the 2d, a message was received
,
from the President, in answer to mr. Mason's resolu-
tion calling for information respecting the fisheries,
transmitting a report of the Actin Secretary of
State, and stating that Commander Perryg, with the
steam-frigate Mississippi, had been dispatched there
to protect American rights. Mr. Cass moved its re-
ference to the Committee on Foreign Relations. The
greater part of the correspondence accompanying the
message has been printed heretofore, as it embraces
all that has taken place on the subject since 1823,
a large part of which was sent to the Senate in
February, 1845. The following letter is, however,
interesting :

Mlt. CRAMPTON TO MR. WEBSTER.
" Sir,—l have been directed by her Majesty's Govern-
ment" Washington, July 5.
to bring to the knowledge of the Government of
the United States a measure which has been adopted by
her Majesty's Government to prevent a repetition of the
complaints which have so frequently been made of the
encroachment of vessels belonging to citizens of the
United States and of France upon the fishing grounds
reserved by the convention of 1818. Urgent representa-
tions having been addressed to her Majesty's Govern-
ment by the Governments of the North American pro-
vinces in regard to these encroachments, wherdby the
colonial fisheries are most seriously prejudiced, directions
have been given by the Lords of her Majesty's Admiralty
for stationing off New Brunswick, Prince Edward's Is-
land, and in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, such a force of
small sailing vessels and steamers as shall be deemed suf-
ficient to prevent the infraction of the treaty. It is the
command of the Queen that the officers employed should
bo specially enjoined to avoid all interference with ves-
sels of all friendly Powers except where they are vio-
lating the treaty, and upon all occasions to avoid giving
grounds of complaint by harsh or unnecessary proceed-
lags where circumstances compel their arrest or seizure.
" I avail myself of this opportunity to renew to you
the assurance cf my high consideration.
" JNO. F. CRAMPTON."
Acting Secretary Hunter, under date of July 6,
acknowledged the receipt of this note.
Mr. Cass addressed the Senate for more than an
hour in examination of the treaty of 1818, and in
reading from the instructions and correspondence of
the Commissioners who negotiated that treaty, as
well as the correspondence between the British Com-
missioner and Minister upon the subject, showing
that the British construction was wholly untenable.
He contended that the American construction was
the proper one. He alluded to the importance of the
interests engaged in the fisheries, and strenuously
urged that they should be protected by all the
power of the United States it necessary. He re-
garded the movement of Great Britain as most ex-
traordinary. Mr. Davis said his opinion, expressed
some time since, that there was no cause for alarm,
and that no war would grow out of this matter, was
still unchanged. Still he considered there was much
in it of an irritating and vexatious character. He
had listened to the Senator from Michigan with
much pleasure. Incidentally connected with the
matter was the question of reciprocity. He now
protested against any settlement of the reciprocity
question by treaty. He would never yield that ques-
tion to be determined by negotiation. He did not be-
lieve Congress would consent to yield the control of
the revenues of the country to the treaty making
power. One year the wants of the Government
would require a revenue of 40,000,000 dollars, and
the next year 80,000,000 dollars, perhaps, would be
necessary. While events were so uncertain the
question of the revenue of the country should never
never do to limit by treaty
be placed beyond the power of Congress. It would
the
nation. To do so would be an encroachmentesue'
upon the fundamental principles of the .
etnwould
tion. So jealous was the Constitution diet 1
not permit the Senate in its legislativecapacity
treaty
to originate money Bills. Should such
a his
meet
come to the Senate, it would never
witht
on the
the ,revenues o
approbation. He considered this movement
policy i
part of Great Britain as intended as a strokend thecolo-
which might result as a dangerous one/ a- had
nies might perhaps find out that the object
theyH
in view was not to be advanced by it•
unced the
examined the question of right, and prono as
construction passed on the treaty by Great Britain
would
altogether erroneous. He did not think
a war
Britain
grow out of this. He did not think Great . .
He
have it
wanted
a war, but if she did she could Hamlin
would never surrender any right to hen. Mr'
and
followed in a critical examination of the
treaty,
of the correspondence at the time of its negotiation of
He maintained that the American interpretation
sus-
the treaty of 1818 was correct, and that it was
the
tamed by all the authorities. Se considered that
conduct of Great Britain could not
had not con
he submitted to
-
without disgrace and dishonour. Se
eluded when the subject was postponed.
te in their
The newspapers are much more modem.,
an .
the
tone when discussing the fisheries' question d
siderably
excitement appears to have abated COII
throughout the Union.
n A great number of people assembled ° the 31st
nder way
to
for see the steam frigate Mississippi general
expeo.
the fishing grounds. Contrary to g
e. demon-
tation, she left the port without making any
stration.
• and Sae
The fitting out
of the frigates Columbia
vannah was proceeding with great activity.
Northern
The United States' fishing h
sceeonerGui-
f of St.
Light, at Boothbay, Maine, from the, a British
Lawrence, reported being boarded by
three miles
cutter, and requested not to fish vvithin,, e
line
was
of the land, headland to headland ; the
t and crew.
marked out in the presence of the P
ca
reported that
The schooner Wave, at Gloucester,
d,
i in company
while lying at anchor near Sable Is'a? 6,, a British
with the fishing schooner Helen -1.
1‘ sorne fresh bait
cutter boarded them, and, on finding !
d took her into
on board the Helen 'Maria,
seized and
vessel alleged
Pubrico. The crew of the captured
ne
intention of
that they were not fishing, and bac!. of supplies and
evading the treaty, but were short
had put in for them. tate that the
•Dst., 8
Letters dated Boston, the 2d 1 eee,on bad been
United States' fishing schooner. Lin'
s treaty and taken
seized for a violation of the fiseerie,s
Island.
into Charlotte-town, Prince Edward
rt 011 the 28th,
In the St. John's Admiralty
C°ilin the case of the
presided over by Judge Han r tackle and cargo,
" Queen v. the schooner Coral, of she Crown for
the Judge-Advocate moved
on
b ehdefault. It appeared
sentence of condemnation by
read, that the Coral,
from the affidavits which were
owned by Mr. W. E. Pennell,
°f Machias, and sail-
ingeawas discovered by the
under the American g
' 16th of June last, to
officers of the Netley, on the
0. fish at or near a well-
have been then recently tak`°‘,* a Long's Eddy" (ex-
known fishing ground cane.", from the shore of the
tendin g less than half a It
Intl wand Manan. On being
North Head of the island 0. gear was found wet,
boarded the schooner's fishinget slime. A quantity of
and her decks covered with The judge thereupon
fresh fish were in her bola•
her tackle, apparel, and
pronounced the schooner, her
a on board at the time
furniture, with the narg° to her Majesty ; and in
of seizure, to be forfeited
the
terms of the Conven-
doing so, after referring to
1818, the Imperial sta-
tion of the 18th of October,
, an a-
tute 59th George We choaP•t,
case no question arose as 38
-r observed dthe thatseveral in this
davits produced to the
court,
to the true construction to
be put upon the
Thomas Conventions
jiaine, Judge Betts had
decided that the writ
In the case of a habeas corpus must be dis-
r remanded to the custody
charged, and the prisone
t_ e
be
hcommitment of the come
of the Marshal, under
mission'ers.
Berea gives a list of the steam-
The New York January 9to July 28, from
boat accidents from 'lil by
occurred,
which it appears that 20 accidents
p
which 488 people were killed and 100 injured.
severely at Rochester P
The cholera was raging
f '
, having up-
wards of 100 cases, many of them fatal,
oc-
curred within three days'
with horrible e •
filled
The papers are the destruction of the steamer
loss of life caused by
Henry Clay. Mr Thomas
Collyer, part owner of the
vessel, lied been arrested and held to bail.
The reported °au- ..
Captain
gbter ofMarcy and histroops by the Indians is contradicted.
communication relative to a new
The following eon'
'h New
e York
overland route to the Pacific appears in t
Herald:—
" Another pass—
besides the South pass of Fremont—
is not known to ex
"co
exist through the great Rocky Moun-
very was made about a year ago,
tain ranee. The --