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THE AUSTRALIAN GOLD-FIELDS.

We have received Victoria papers of the 7th of Sep-
tember, announcing the discovery of two fresh gold-fields
on the Anaki-hills and in the Forest Creek district.
The Anaki-hill field has been found by the agents of the
Exploration Company ; its yield has as yet been merely
middling, worked as it was by agents for the purpose of
testing its qualities rather than making a profit from the
result of their labours. The locality has been entered
into the local maps under the name of Ilie "Sharp's
Run" Diggings. The "second newly-discovered "placer,"
the "Daisy-hill," -ts.about 30 miles from Forest Creek,
on the main line of road from Adelaide to Mount Alex-
ander and Bendigo. These diggings are situated on a
"blind creek" connected with one of the branches of the
Deep Creek, exactly where, about four years ago, a
heavy lump of gold was picked up. The whole surround-
ing district to the extent of some miles is strongly im-
pregnated with gold, and it is supposed that there must
be a number of valuable "pockets," which will make
the fortunes of those who are lucky enough to pick them.
The Daisy-hill Diggings have within the first days of
their existence attracted a population of about 100 miners,
chiefly Adelaide men, who stopped on their way to
Mount Alexander: The richness of the soil has in a
great measure indemnified these novices for their want
of skill and mining experience.. Many of them made
three pounds weight (1360 and more in a week, and
nuggets of from &minces to 8 ounces, varying in shape
from that of a bean to that of a bent and defa,eat_shil-
ling, have been frequently shown to the correspondent
of the Melbourne Argus. This will conseittfbntly attract
vast numbers of miners, as soon as their fame has had
time to spread. The discovery of a large and rich gold-
field at Bingara, too, is again confirmed by the latest
advices. This is a fact o incalculable importance, be-
cause it demonstrates the existence of auriferous strata
in a northerly direction. And lastly, what hitherto has
been but vaguely reported and extensively doubted is
now announced as a positive fact : a gold-field has been
discovered within eighteen miles of Adelaide, South
Australia. It ma; not perhaps prove equal to Mount
Alexander or Ballarat, but it appears, upon competent
authority, to be at all events remunerative. It is now
proved by actual events that a vast belt of highly auri-
ferous land extends across the Australian continent, from
the Victoria gold-fields to those of Bathurst and its
neighbourhood, and thence to the banks of the
Hunter and the back of Moreton Bay—a belt of land
of hundreds of miles in length and of unknown
width. And the more marvellous circumstance is,
that even the older diggings, and those which
have been most worked, yield surprising quantities of
gold to every set of fresh miners, or after every change
of the mode and manner of "digging" or "washing" the
" dirt." Ophir was thought exhaused, but still we hear
of an old man and a boy who worked there for nine
monthS, and cleared 5701., after paying all expenses. At
Braidwood parties are mentioned making 100 ounces—
that is to say, above 3001. in one week, and 17 ounces
in one day. At the Dirtholes and Tambaroora the
quartz claims are being worked with Mexican crushers.
We know nothing of the financial result of the under-
taking except that "it pays well," whatever that may
mean. There are fresh diggings in an old locality near
the Sheep-station Point on the Turon. Rich diggings
have been mentioned in former papers, and are again
mentioned at Moss Mark's-hill, near Goulburn, and at
Koranong, near Picton. The flat between Adelaide
Gully and Wattle Tree Flat, in the Forest Creek dis-
trict, where, as we mentioned in a former report, four
Adelaide men dug out 150 pounds weight of pure gold
between breakfast and dinner, has subsequently sustained
its reputation by finds of 9, 12, and 20 pounds weight
in a day. It was confidently expected that 500 tons of
gold would be taken from the Forest and Friar's Creek
districts. The most fortunate of diggers are undoubtedly
the Adelaide men, chiefly because a great many of them
learnt the art and mystery of mining in the South Aus-
tralian copper mines. 196 pounds of gold were taken
by an Adelaide party of three at Pegley Gully, Bendigo,
and 70 pounds weight at New Bendigo Flat, Forest
Creek ; 16 pounds weight in Spring Flat, Forest Creek,
and 70 pounds weight in the lower part of Friar's Creek,
all by about 20 Adelaide men, who netted 30,0001. in
less than a fortnight ! For the future these Adelaide
miners will probably exert their skill and ingenuity on
the mineral treasures of their own province ; for we see
that a great many vessels were announced as leaving
Melbourne for the Adelaide diggings, South Australia.
Large quantities of gold arrived in Melbourne within
the first days of September, and 400,0001. of specie were
imported into the colony in the last week of August and
the first week of September. The Government escort
from Ballarat brought to Melbourne and Geelong on the
4th of September, 4,627 ounces ; and on the 6th the
Victoria Escort Company brought 33,805 ounces—
making a total of 38,433 ounces.
The most brilliant test of the continuity of the yield
of the two great gold-fields of Mount Alexander and
Ballarat is given in a series of escort returns published
in the Melbourne Argus, embracing the period from
October, 1851, to the end of August, 1852. The follow-
ing are the totals :—October (1851), 18,482 ounces ; No-
vember, 60,878 ounces ; December, 169,684 ounces ;
January, (1852), 107,216 ounces ; February, 111,778
ounces ; March, 122,778 ounces ; April, 135,112 ounces ;
May, 138,906 ounces ; June, 162,990 ounces ; July,
353,182 ounces ; and August, 350,968 ounces ; making,
with the addition of an odd 40,000 ounces from some
smaller places, an enormous total of 1,771,974 ounces,
or between 73 and 74 tons of gold. Of course this state-
ment relates only to part of the fabulous yield of the
Victoria goldfields.
The following table will perhaps come near the actual
yield

ALDGATE WARD.—Returns 8.
Adenna,n—JOHN HUMPHERY, Esq.

Ounces.
Amount actually shipped
Amount deposited in the Treasury and
Banks 310,377
Amount paid into Adelaide Assay-office 264,317
Probable amount exported in private
hands
Probable amount in private hands in
Melbourne and Geelong
Probable amount in the hands of diggers
at the gold-fields, and on the roads
Grand general total of the yield of the -
Victoria goldfields at the end of August 2,532,422
Or, 105 tons, lOcwt, and 2 ounces of gold.
We may here remark that the gold exported since
October last represents a value of 8,863,4771., and all
these accounts, we are assuted by the Melbourne Herald,
are rather under than overstated. These labourers
working without either plan or concert.
" Science," says the Argus, "has done little or nothing
for us. Our processes in obtaining gold are of the rudest
nature. The search is characterised almost solely, by
what the sailors call sheer strength and stupidity.'
And it adds, that in all probability neither all the
gold mines, nor the richest land which Australia contains
have been discovered, and that results which it would
now appear madness to mention in detail, will certainly
be obtained whenever concerted and systematic action,
supported with all the advantages of science and mecha-
nical skill, shall be brought to bear on the boundless
resources of our Australian gold-fields.
4,283 immigrants arrived in the colony in the first
week of September, and the labour-market was conse-
quently well supplied ; but, as the demand was nearly
ly, wages did not change materially.
equal to the supp
Married couples were still engaged at 501. without, and
551. to 601. with family, which shows that in another
hemisphere children are a source of income, while with
us they are expensive. Shepherds and hutkeepers could
get 301. ; general servants, carmen, and gardeners, 50/. ;
cooks, bush carpenters, and grooms, 601. ; blacksmiths,
601. to 701. per annum ; agricultural labourers, 11. to
1/. ss. per week-all including rations.' Compositors
were paid at the rate of is. 9d. per thousand, and press-
men received 4/. per week. Seamen received 50/. for
the voyage to England, and in the coasting trade 71. to
81. per month was the usual price. The wages of house-
maids, laundresses, nursemaids, and cooks, averaged
from 201. to 361. per annum.
The Melbourne prices of provisions were high. A
four-pound loaf sold at 16d. ; beef and mutton at 4d. per
pound ; veal, Bd. ; pork, Is. ; butter, 2s. 6d. ; cheese,
2s. ; eggs, ss. per dozen ; ham and bacon, 2s. ; pota-
toes, 12s. per cwt. ; coals, Si. per ton ; water, 3s. per
hogshead. The prices at the diggings were higher in
some places and lower in others, but "rations gene-
rally were looking up.
The social condition of Victoria. is still repre-
sented as deplorable in the extreme. Society has
been tainted with the refuse of the English
gaols. Of the Government it is stated in very
strong terms that it wants perseverance, energy, and
d abs
wisdom, and that its " laxity, parsimony, end
n
imbecility," have done the colony incalculable harm.
Crimes of the most fearful character and degree abound
on all sides, the country is overrun with bushrangers,
and the towns are infested with burglars. In broad
daylight and in the most public streets, men have been
knocked down, illused, and robbe
have Shop
stuck have
been
s ha
invaded by armed ruffians, who up " the
inmates and rifled the premises. Thieves appear so
thick upon the ground, and so unceasing in their opera-
tions, that it is quite clear they must often rob one an-
other. Murders are numerous, and remain almost always
unpunished. The police are cowed or leagued with the
ruffians, and the administration of the law is fast sinking
into contempt.
Next to an efficient police force, an importation of fe-
male servants is urgently wanted! in Victoria. Ladies
must do their own household work, or be exposed to the
double annoyance of paying high wages and having to
put up with a great deal of incompetence. Men have
flocked into the colony by thousands, but the women of
England have been less migratory, and, as successful
diggers usually get married as fast as circumstances per-
mit, the few women who arrive are usually soon removed
from servitude and placed at the head of some rough
establishment at the diggings or in the bush. We are
assured that the splendour of a digger's wedding is some.
times rather startling. Young Irish orphan girls, who
scarcely knew the luxury of a shoe until they put their
bare feet on the soil of Victoria, lavish money in white
satin at 10s. or 12s. a yard for their bridal dresses, and
flaunt out of the shop slamming the door, because the
unfortunate storekeeper does not keep the real shawls at
10 guineas a piece ! What a blessing for our London
shopkeepers if they could but catch such customers I

337,200

100,000

280,000

The elections for common councilmen throughout the
wards of the City of London, which take place to-morrow,
appear to excite more than a usual degree of interest.
In several of the wards contests are expected to take
place, the grounds of opposition being either dissatisfac-
tion with the old members, or from vacancies created
by retirements, deaths, &c. Iu the latter case several
candidates are in the field for most of the vacancies.
The following statement shows the old members, distin-
guishing those who again offer themselves, those who
retire, and the new candidates :
ALDERSGATE WARD.—Returns 8.
Alderman—Sir PETER LAURIE, Knt. _ _

COMMON COUNCILMEN.-Mr. Lorkin (deputy), Mr.
Godson, Mr. Wood, Mr. Norris, Mr. De Jersey, Mr.
Woodward, Mr. Chaplin. Mr. Deputy Stacey retires,
and Mr. J. Ward comes forward as a candidate for the
vacancy.

COMMON COUNCILMEN.-31r. James Lake (deputy),
Mr. Edward Fisher, Mr. R. B. Whiteside, Mr. A.
Freeman, Mr. J. Turnley, Mr. R. C. Bucknall, Mr. R.
Osmond, and Mr. Burnell. The above offer themselves
for re-election, but papers have been issued to the
electors, calling upon them to reserve their votes, but as
yet no new candidate has appeared.

BASSISHAW WARD.—Returns 4.
Alderman—THOMAS FARNCOMB, Esq.
COMMON COIINCILMEN.—Mr. J. Britton (deputy), Mr.
Lister, Mr. Wilson, and Mr. Fuller, Mr. Hyde
Clarke and Mr. Locke have also announced themselves
as candidates.

BILLINGSGATE \YARD—Returns 8.
Alderman—THomss SIDNEY, Esq.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.-Mr. B. Bower (deputy), Mr.
J. Knill, Mr. J. Roberts, Mr. R. M. Phillips, Mr. W.
Willianalt,*.Mr. W. G. Barnes, Mr. J. Causton, and Mr.
C. Mnes. No charge in this ward.

EISHOPSGATE WARD—Returns 14.
Alderman—W. T. COPELAND, Esq.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.--Mr. W. A. Peacock (deputy),
Mr. W. Stevens (deputy), Mr. T. S. Priden, Mr. R. C.
Lambe, Mr. H. Patten, Mr. W. Jones, Mr. J. Warren,
Mr. M. Hopgood, Mr. W. H. Pilcher, Mr. J. R. Carr,
Mr. R. Ashby, Mr. J. Taylor, Mr. C. Gilpin, and Mr.
J. Hall. Mr. Hall retires, and Mr. R. Howell and Mr.
J. C. Edmiston have come forward for the vacancy, but
it is expected that Mr. Howell will not go to the poll.

BREAD-STREET WARD.—Returns 8.
Alderman—WlLLlAM LAWRENCE, Esq.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. J. S. Budge (deputy),
Mr. J. P. Snell, Mr. D. Laurie, Mr. W. Hautrey, Mr.
F. Maynard, Mr. W. Patten, Mr. J. J. Millard, and
Mr. N. Maughan. No change or contest expected in
this ward.

BRIDGE WARD.—Returns 8.
Alderman—Sir CHsrmAN MARSHALL.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. Pewtress (deputy), Mr.
Knott, Mr. .
Arnold,
Mr. Matthews, Mr. Lowe, Mr. Whet-
ham, MrHold, Mr. Johnson. No change or contest
expected.

BROAD.STREBT.—Returns 8.
Alderman—Sir JOHN MUSGROVE.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. T. Corsey (deputy), Mr.
C. Warton, Mr. T. W. Foster, Mr. S. Baker, Mr. H.
Brown, Mr. J. Humphreys, Mr. W. Cox, and Mr. T.
Abraham. No change or contest expected.

CANDLEWICK WARD.—Returns 6.
Alderman—Sir GEORGE CARROLL.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. J. Evans (deputy), Mr.
C. T. Dakin, Mr. J. Blade, Mr. J. B. Towse, Mr. J. H.
Elliott, and Mr. C. Bond. Mr. C. Bond retires, and
Messrs. R. Rowe, B. Perkins, J. Matthews, and F. R.
Funneby have announced themselves as candidates for
the vacancy.

CASTLE BAYNARD WARD.—Returns S. •
Alderman—SAMUEL WILSON, Esq.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. R. Hicks (deputy), Mr.
J. Hoppe, Mr. J. Bailey, Mr. F. Farrer, Mr. H. Mug-
geridge, Mr. J. A. Adlard, Mr. W. Barber, and Mr. C.
Hawkins. No change or contest anticipated in this
ward.

CHEAP WARD.—Returns 8.
Alderman—W. THOMPSON, Esq., M.P.
• Comfort CouNciLmEN.—Mr. E. Penning (deputy),
Mr. E. Watson, Mr. E. Hickson Mr. G. Pluer, Mr.
R. G. Read, Mr. W. Baines, Mr. Thorp, and Mr. L.
Houghton. No change in this ward.

COLEMAN-STREET WARD.—Returns 8.
Alderman—WlLLlAM HUNTER, Esq.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. W. S. Hale
Jdeputy),
Mr. T. H. Hall, Mr. W. Webster, Mr. R. ohnson,
Mr. G. Batty, Mr. J. Perkins, Mr. Lydington, and Mr.
J. Davies. Mr. R. Johnson and Mr. G. Batty retire,
and Mr. H. W. Valiance and Mr. G. Hogg offer them-
selves for the vacancies.

CORDWAINERS' WARD.—Returns 6.
Alderman—DAvin SALO3IONS, Esq.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. T. Lott (deputy), Mr.
T. Joyce, Mr. W. Croucher, Mr. H. L. Taylor, Mr. R.
Tress, and Mr. A. Clarke. A new candidate has been
announced in the person of Mr. Chaffey, but the o
members again offer themselves.

CORNHILL WARD.—Returns 6.
Alderman—JOHN CARTER, Esq.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. E. Harrison (deputy),
Mr. ~J. Waterlow, Mr. It. C. Randall, Mr. R. John-
ston, Mr. H. Hoppe, and Mr. D. Nicoll. No change
or contest.

CRIPPLEGATE WlTlllN.—Returns 8.
Alderman—THOMAS CHALLIS, Esq., M.P., and Lord
Mayor.
COMMON COMKCILUHN.—Mr. H. Smith (deputy), Mr.
W. Brass, Mr. J. Last, Mr. J. Noole, Mr. B. Brown, Mr.
W
F. Bennoch, Mr. D. Denar, and Mr. H. Lloyd. Mr.
Deputy Smith retires, and Mr. Thwaites and Mr. E.
Burkett are candidates.

CRIPPLEGATE WlTHOUT.—Returns 8.
Alderman—ThomAs CHALLIS, Esq., M.P., and Lord
Mayor.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.-Mr. G. Meadway (deputy),
Mr. J. Johnston, Mr. S. Reed, Mr. W. King, Mr. J.
Savell, Mr. J. Eyke, Mr. G. Cuthbert, and Mr. R. L.
Jones. Mr. R. L. Jones retires, and Mr. C. Watson is
the new candicate.

DOWGATE WARD,—Returns 6.
Alderman—Sir B. W. CARDEN, Knight.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. H. Kebbell (deputy),
Mr. J. Brown, Mr. T. White, Mr. G. Harker, Mr. H.
IVlortimer, and Mr. Thomas Gandell. No change in this
ward.

FARRINGD ON WITHIN.—Returns 14.
Alderman.—TuomAs KELLY, Esq.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.-Mr. E. Eagleton (deputy),
Mr. T. F. Holt (deputy), Mr. V. Rutter Mr. G. Virtue
Mr. D. J. M'Laughlan, Mr. H. Blake,' Mr. B.
S.
Phillips, Mr. J. Moris, Mr. C. Young, Mr..M`Gregor,
Mr. C. Phillips, Mr. C. Nicholson, Mr. J. Heaps, and
Mr. S. Wheeler. No change expected.

FARRINGDON WlTHOUT.—Returns 16.
Alderman.—Sir JAMES DUKE, M.P.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. R. Obbard (deputy),
Mr. J. T. Bedford, Mr. T. C. Bates, Mr. T. Cottenll,
Mr. J. Anderton, Mr. T. Pearce, Mr. E. Hodgson, Mr.
F. Clemow, Mr. 11. J. Lias, Mr. W. Gresham, Mr. S.
F. Langham, Mr. J. M. Barnard, Mr. T. H. Fox, Mr.
C. E. Butler, Mr. R. Williams, and Mr. G. Walter.
Dr. Ross, of Farringdon-street, surgeon, is spoken of as
a new candidate.

LANGBOTJRNE WARD.—Returns 8.
Alderman—Sir WILLIAM CUBITT, M.P.
Comm' COUNCILMEN.-Mr• Samuel TJnwin (deputy),
Mr. T. Snelling. Mr. E• Iloward, Mr. E. Shaw, Mr. H.
Miller, Mr. G. Brooke, M‘ r. R. C. Bache, and Mr. D.
Sully. Mr. G. Brooke retires, and Mr. T. Webber and
Mr. F. Browne have declared themselves candidates for
the vacancy.

LIME-STREET WARD.—Returns 4.
Alderman—CHARLES FAREBROTHER, Esq.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. D. Cork (deputy), Mr. T.
Symonds, Mr. T. B. Simpson, and Mr. W. Simpson.
No contest expected in this ward.

PORTSOKEN WARD.—Returns 8.
Alderman—FßANClS GRAHAM MOON, Esq.
COMMON CouNciLmEN.=Mr. J. Wright (deputy), Mr.
G. C. Haywood, Mr. T. Christie, Mr. Thompson, Mr.
Annis, Mr. Venables, Mr. Davy, and Mr. Parker. Mr.
Parker retires, and Mr. Vile is a candidate for the
vacancy.

QUEENHITHE WARD.—Returns 6.
Alderman—J. KINNERSLEY HOOPER, Esq.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. W. Tyler (deputy), Mr.
W. Rathbone, Mr. A. M‘Dougal, iNfr. W. A. Rose,
Mr. T. Burrowes, and Mr. G. Raymond. No vacancy
or contest expected.

TOWER WARD.—Returns 8.
Alderman—THOMAS QUESTED Finns, Esq.
COMMON CousciLmEN.—Mr. J. Briggs (deputy), Mr.
L. Redhead, Mr. G. Aitchison, Mr. F. Turnbull, Mr.
T. Barkley, Mr. H. W. Ward, Mr. H. N. Nissen, and
Mr. T. S. Smith. No change in this ward.

VINTRY WARD.—Returns 6.
Alderman—Sir WILLIAM MAGNA; Bart.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.-Mr. W. Archer (deputy),
Mr. W. D. White, Mr. T. Sprague, Mr. G. Mason, Mr.
J. Colman, and Mr. T. J. Warrick. Mr. T. J. War-
rick retires, and Mr. J. Gammon is a candidate for the
office.

WALBROOK WARD.—Returns 6.
Alderman—DAVlD WILLIAM WIRE, Esq.
COMMON COUNCILMEN.—Mr. Watkins (deputy), Mr-
F. gall, Mr. Dawson, Mr. T. Rowley, Mr. 11. E.
Murrell, and Mi. E. Corder. No change in this ward.
From the foregoing statement it will be seen that in
twelve wards a change of the members is anticipated,
whilst in the fourteen others there is every probability
of the late representatives in the Common Council being
re-elected without opposition.