The Sun.
London, England, 1864-03-29 00:00:00

Europe that they intended to respect the sovereignty of
the King ; that they would only occupy the country tem-
porarily, and that the occupation had no further object
than to furnish them with material guarantees that the
Danish Government should fulfil certain engagements
contracted in the years 1851-52 regarding the equality of

rights secured to the two nationalities as well as the non-
incorporation of the duchy in the kingdom. Subsequently
Herr Von Zedlitz, the Prussian commissioner, declared, in
an ordnance of the Bth of February, that the existing
laws of the Duchy of Schleswig were to remain in force in

so far as the operations of war and the suspension of the
royal authority did not entail exceptions to this rule; that
all the functionaries who should sign a premise to obey the
authority with which they were invested might, de facto,
continue their functions so long as they conformed to that
Promise and committed no offence in or out of their official
capacity; and, lastly, that all political demonstrations, of
any kind whatever, should remain prohibited. Neverthe-
less, the real facts which have occurred in Schleswig are in
the most absolute contradiction with these declarations.
" The signs of the King's sovereignty have been every •
where effaced; the royal al ms have been removed from the
public buildings, and there is not even a block of stone in-
serted in the wall of the Town Hall bearing the cipher of
Frederick VIL which has not been violently dragged out by
the Prussian commander. Laws are abolished which in no
way affect the operations of the war, and are not in contra-
diction with the temporary suspension of royal authority;
and these laws are abolished not temporarily, but in such a
manner that the new organisation bears a permanent cha-
racter. Thus the arrangements made before the negotiations
of 1851.2, with the view of regulating the use of languages
in the churches and schools of the mixed district, have been
partly abolished by the ordinance of the commissioners
of Feb. 19, and the German language has become the only
one authorised in the churches and schools of the greater
part of that district. The former arrangements, however,
took into account that the language of the people is partly
Danish and partly German. Byso acting the commissioners
have rendered it imposAble for a great number of inhabi-
tants speaking Danish to hear the sermon in the mother
tongue, while formerly the language used in Divine service
was alternately Danish and German. By an ordinance of
the 22d of February fresh measures were taken to carry out
the now eysttm, and there is reason to believe that no
scruple will be made of dismissing nearly all the cu stns
and teachers of the elementary schools in the parishes in
question. In two of the colleges of the duchy nearly all the
professors have been driven from their posts. Ono of these
colleges has been reopened with professors hostile to the
King's Government and inaugurated by revolutionary
hymns—the other remains closed. Functionaries of the
Royal Government are dismissed en masse, even when they
have signed and observed the undertaking relative to obedi-
ence to the authority of the commissioners. In the south-
eastern portion of the duchy the superior authority has been
confided to a man who in 1819 was the War Minister of the
Insurrectional Government, and in the south-western por-
tion it is placed in the hands of a man who signed an ad-
dress to the Insurrectional Government requesting that the
duchy of Schleswig should be withdrawn from any connec-
tion whatever with the Danish monarchy,
"These two men appoint persons at their pleasure to all
the offices of the southern part of the country. The indi-
viduals whord the commissioners invest with the public
functions in other parts of t he country are also, with few ex-
ceptions, persons who have already given proofs of revolu-
tionary tendencies. On mendacious informations a number
of respectable magistrates and functionaries have been im-
pisoned and treated with the utmost indignity, on suspicion
of being spies. Since the beginninr; of Feb. M. Blaunfeldt,
a magistrate, has been, notwithstanding his being 55 years
old, tied and dragged on foot between two horsemen to
Rendsburg, where the sentinels on guard showed him for
money to the p •pulace of the place. Four clef gymen of the
middle and eastern portion of Schleswig have been arrested
in their houses and put in prison, where they were thrown
on straw in damp cellars, in the midst of Prussian soldiers
accused of theft. • Revolutionary demonstrations, such as
the proclamation of the Pretender, and the departure of the
deputations charged to compliment him, are organised
openly without meeting with the least hindrance on the
part of the military or civil invading authorities, while they
take care to p. event and repress by vexatious proceedings
every loyal protest or manifestation on the part of the great
majority of the population remaining faithful to the King.
Nowhere is the ancient flag of the country tolerated, while
the commissioners have given express permission to hoist
the flags and cockades which, during the insurrection of
1848, served as symbols of the rebellion against the legiti-
mate Government. Even the monument in the cemetery
of Flensburg sacred to the memory of the warriors who
have perished in fighting for the cause of the King has
not been respected. Even under the eyes of the commis-
sioners of Austria and Prussia a band of workmen from
Holstein was allowed to mutilate and demolish this work
of art, the position of which in the midst of a place sacred
to the dead ought to have protected it from all insult.
"Those facts form the most violent contrast with the
intentions which the great German Powers had announced
to Europe, and of which their reptesentatives in the duchy
should secure the fulfilment; and, seeing the zeal with which
the commissioners support, often by the most unjust and
arbitrary means, all the efforts made by the seditious faction
of the population for the incorporation of Schleswig with
Germany, it will not be difficult to discover the solution of
this enigma, or to recognise the ambitious projects con-
cealed under the declarations by which the German Powers
endeavour to re-assure the consciences of the other states

of Europe.
" I may, perhaps, soon find myself in a position to make a
similar comtnunic.tion to you in reference to the proceed-
ing; of the enemy's troops in Jutland—proceedings which,
it appears to me, correspond in many respects with the
manner in which they have conducted themselves in Schles
wig.—l have the honour to be, &e.,
(Signed)

i, QuA.ADE,"

DEATH OF PROFESSOR PILLANS.—This eminen
educationist died at his house, Inverleith-row,
Edinburgh, on Sunday morning, at the advanced age of 89.
The late Mr. James Pillans, M.D., LL.D , &c., was born
at Edinburgh in 1778, being the son of a printer there, and
was educated at the lligh School and University of that
city. Among his early associates and fellow-students were
Henry Brougham, Francis Horner, Francis Jeffrey, and
other names which afterwards became celebrated in the
literature and Whig politics of the Scottish metropolis. He
also made the acquaintance of Thomas Campbell, in Lea-
den, about 1797. Mr. Pillans began active life as a tutor,
first in a private family, and afterwards at Eton; and in
January, 1810, he became, at the suggestion of Francis
Horner, a candidate for the rectorship of the High
School of Edinburgh, then vacant by the death of Dr.
Adam. To this dice, which ho filled for ten years and a
half, or nearlreleven sessions, he was elected by the Town
Council. In 1820 he was unanimously chosen Professor of
Humanity (Latin) in the University of Edinburgh, and
filled that important chair for the long period of 43 years,
having retired only last sear in consequence of failing
strength. He last appeared in public at the meetings of
the Education Section of the Social Science Congress held
in Edinburgh last autumn, though then unable to take any
part in the business. Throughout his long and temperate
life he had scarcely ever known a day's sickness, and he
only succumbed at length to the advance of years. For
about 50 years his name has been widely known as an
ear2est, devoted, and enlightened instructor of youth, and
he was,
in his earlier years particularly, a strenuous advo-
cate of the cause of popular education. His career was
marked both in the High School and University by great
success in the cultic anion of ancient literature, and particu.
larly Latin verse. He was the author of several works, both
on elementary and classical education, on ancient geography
and Roman literature. As a teacher it was his boast that
he had lessened the frequency of corporal punishment in
the High School, and substituted the supremacy of honour,
principle, and affection for the reign of terror and the pros-
tration of fear. He enjoyed in no common degree the regard
and gratitude of his pupils, the list of whom included hun-
dreds of the best educated and most successful of his coun-
trymen. About ten years ago he was entertained to dinner
by a large company of gentlemen who had attended his
classes in the High School, and who, through their chair-
man, Lord Neaves, bore the most cordial testimony to his
admirable methods and distinguished services in the culti-
vation of the youthful mind. Mr. Pillans married a sister
of the late Rev. John Thomson, the celebrated painter, but
his wife predeceased him many years and left no family.
Lord Lifford, in a letter to the limes, says he
knows of an able-bodied man in Ireland, the father of a
family, who receives but £3 10s, and his oatmeal food as
wages for six months.
Persons in debt may obtain instant protection against
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