The Sun.
London, England, 1864-12-10 00:00:00

ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE

HOME CIRCUIT.—HERTFORD, Dec. 9.
CROWN COURT.
(Before Mr Baron Chan=lL)

The business of the Winter Assizes opened here this
morning. There 114 cases, among which were three of
arson, one of night poaching, two of maliciously wounding,
arid one of highway robbery with felonious violence. The
last, which was the first case tried, was the one which ap-
peared to excite the greatest interest in the county, and of
which the particulars have more than once appeared in our
columns in reports of the preliminary investigations before
the magistrates. It was the case of the murderous attack
upon a farmer at Brickendonbury-
. George Savage, a young man, described in the calendar
as a bricklayer, of Yardley, in this county, was indicted for
that, on the 20th of October last, he feloniously did wound
one Joseph Barker upon the head with intent feloniously,
wilfully, And of malice aforethought to kill and murder
him; second count, for (hat he feloniously and maliciously
did wound him with intent to disable him; third count,
that he feloniously did wound him with intent to do him
grievous bodily harm ; fourth connt, for highway robbery
with violence.

Mr Clark and Mr Bashby were for the prosecution.
The prisoner, rather a good-looking young fellow, whom
one would not imagine likely to be guilty of such murder-
ous violence, but who, es it turned out, had already been
convicted of burglary, was not defended by counsel, and do.
fended himself with great readiness, but with a dash of im-
pudence which did not tend to impress people in his favour.
_ _

It appeared that the prisoner had been in the service of
the prosecutor, Mr Barker, a farmer, at Brickendonbury,
near this town, but had left his service, and had been living
at Tottenham, which is distant about 14 miles. From a
lonely farm on the extreme outskirts of this town there is a
long, lonely grove, a good part of a mile in length, which
leads up to Mr Barker's farm. On the Saturday in ques-
tion—Saturday being market-day in this town—Mr Bar-
ker had been as usual at market, and, as probably would
would be known to any one who had been in his service,
left the town about 10 minutes before 6 o'clock. At Hert-
ford he happened to take 2 new sovereigns of the present
year, which he had with him. When he got into the lonely
walk alluded to, shortly after G o'clock—it being, it will be
observed, at the end of October, so that it would be dark—
he passed three men going up the lane, and then he met
another man,.to whom he said "Good night," and after
this, about 10 minutes past 6, he passed a man in a long
coat and billycock hat, who was walking slowly. and whose
appearance (ho said) he did not like. This man, whom ho
did not seem then to recognise, said " Good night" in a
very low tone, and Mr Barker passed him, and not quite
liking his look walked on fast, leaving him a little behind.
The man, however, came up alongside of him, and Mr
Barker addressed him, saying, "Are you going to Bricken-
don, Sir ?" to which he answered, " Yes, sir." Mr Barker
said, " We don't get mach rain ?" The man said very lowly
(i.e., in a very low tone), "No, sir." Mr Barker, who it
was clear did not at that time recognise the man, walked
on, and had gone about 30 steps when tho man struck him
on the side of the head with something very heavy, like
lead, and knocked hint down. Mr Barker half rose on his
knees, but the man hit him another blow upon the head
and knocked him down again. He tried to rise a second
time, but the man struck him again upon the temple and
knocked him down. He tried to get up a third time, but
the man hit him a tremendous blow on his head and he fell
down stunned and insensible. He lay there some time, and
when he came to himself he was covered with blood, and
still bleeding copiously from wounds in the head. He stag-
gered along, faint and bleeding as he was, and managed,
though with difficulty, to reach his house, when he found
that he had been robbed of two sovereigns and some silver.
The surgeon was sent for and found as many as 10 distinct
wounds upon his head, which must have been inflicted by
blows with a heavy weapon and with great force, and some
of which indeed were, he said, so terribly severe that it
was hard to say how many blows might not have been in-
flicted. It was a wonder, he said, that with such wounds
the poor man should have survived, nor would he have done
so had it not been, not only for prompt medical and surgi-
cal treatment, but for a good constitution and healthy and
moderate habits. As it was, he said, many a man would have
died from those wounds, and he remained for some time in
a highly critical state. Ho had only now so far recovered
as to be eble to appear in court, his head bandaged up and
his whole appearance and voice indicating extreme weakness.
It was only, indeed, by the use of restoratives from time to
time that ho was enabled to bear the fatigue of his examine•
Lion. As already mentioned, he had not at first observed
who it was, and on his first examination, when he was vary
weak, although ho thought it was the prisoner, he hesitated
somewhat and did not speak positively, although he not
only gave a deScription of his dress and hat, which corre-
sponded with the prisoner's, but also mentioned a peculiar
matter which was spoken to by other witnesses who saw
the prisoner near the spot, namely a white mark or patch
upon his coat, which turned out to be torn, and he spoke
particularly to that which helped very much to identify
tho prisoner—namely, the billycock hat which ho wore.
The prisoner also wore a belt round his waist, which was
spoken to by several witnesses as helping to identify him.
Moreover, the prisoner was observed on the same afternoon
going towards the scene of the outrage, or, at all events,
towards Briekendon. At the next examination the prose-
cutor being somewhat more recovered was able to give his
evidenee better, and he then spoke more positively as to the
identity of the man with the prisoner. He swore posi-
tively, indeed, that the man was the prisoner, and said that
he recognized his voice and footsteps at the moment when
the man, fust before the attack, stepped up to him more
quickly, The prisoner on the 7th of November was

Mr Barker, the prosecutor, was called as a witness, and
gave evidence of the circumstances of the outrage as above
described, He described the prisoner's dress with the white
patch, as spoken to by the women, and also the low-crowned
hat, like that picked up, and also spoken to by them. He
swore positively, moreover, that the prisoner was the man,
accounting for his not having spoken so clearly at the first
examination by his extreme weakness at that time.
The prisoner cross-examined the prosecutor in a tone of
great coolness and effrontery. He particularly pressed him
on the point of identity, and with great shrewdness observed
that if, indeed, the prosecutf knew and recognised the
man. it was strange that he •iiirofild speak to him as he had
done, addressing him as " Sir." T 9 this the prosecutor an-
swered that at that time—that is, when first speaking to
him—he did not recognise him, and that it was not until he
quickened his step and came closely up to him and along-
side of him, that he recognised him. The prisoner pressed
him as to the light, and whether it was not dark and rain-
ing, but the prosecutor replied that it was not raining but
was starlight. Prisoner then pressed him as to why, espe-
cially if he knew him, he had not recognised him at once, to
which the prosecutor answered that he spoke low at first
and was walking slowly. The prisoner then pressed him a
good deal about the other men whom he had met or passed
but it was plain it was not any of them, and the prosecutor,
on re-examination, swore distinctly that it was the prisoner,
and that at the last moment he observed him distinctly. In
answer to the prisoner the prosecutor admitted that he had
not observed any stick or weapon in his hand, "but it
might have been (he added) up your sleeve," Prisoner's
cross-examination of the prosecutor was protracted for a
considerable time, until the old man became very weak and
hardly able to keep up, but his lordship had him seated by
his side and wine was administered to him, and he was thus
enabled to hold up to the last. The result was certainly not
to shake or weaken his testimony, but rather to strengthen
and confirm it.

The surgeon having spoken to the nature and number of
the wounds on the head of the prosecutor, which, he said,
it was a wonder he had not died from, the two women were
called, who swore they saw the prisoner going between 4
and 5 towards, Goose-green, (which is half ;an hour's walk
from Brickenden.grove), and they gave their evidence
with great clearness; and, being closely examined by the
learned judge as to the circumstances, and their description
of the prisoner and his hat and stick, the result was very
much to strengthen the effect of their testimony. One of
the women especially had particularly observed the pris
sonar, because, she said, as they met upon a footpath he
pushed rudely past her without making way for her, as " a
man" (she said) ought to do for a" woman." This little
incident, of which she spoke with some asperity, appeared
to have impressed itself strongly on her memory, and she
spoke most positively to the prisoner, who tried in vain to
shake her by his cross-examination, and whom, indeed, she
answered in such a manner as evidently to disconcert him.
Then came the labourer who had seen him at Goose-green,
an'l who also spoke most positively to him, and was cross-
examined by the prisoner in vain. He was also closely ex-
amined by the learned judge, but he declared that he knew
the prisoner quite well, and adhered to this statement com-
pletely. ' And the prisoner's tone at the close of this
examination became much lower, and he evidently abated
much of his confidence and felt the full force of the testi-
mony.

The young woman to whom he was engagel to be mar-
ried was than examined, preying that he had on the same
night shown two sovereigns like those missed by the prose-
cutor. She likewise stated that he told her that his stick
had lead in the top 01 it, covered over with wash leather.
She further spoke to his haying a handkerchief, her descrip-
tion of which tallied with one missed by the prosecutor.
She also spoke to his coat, and the hole in the sleeve, which
sbowed the lining, and so would seem white. This coat, she
said, he wore on the evening in question, when he went out
and when he came home.

The prisoner, in crosef:examinfni this witness, elicited
from her that she had both the sovereigns in her hand, and
that she remarked to him at the time that they were both of
the year 1864, This answer seemed quite to confound him.
After a pause he went on to ask her as to the stick, upon
which she answered with equal clearness. At last he seemed
altogether abashed, and when asked if he would ask any
more questions said in a low tone" No." The stick loaded
with lead was spoken to by another witness, and several
witnesses gave evidence more or loss confirmatory. Finally
the police proved the false account he had given of himself
as to where he was on the evening in question, that he had
been in Stratford all the Saturday up to 8 o'clock, and that
he had never been in Hertfordshire for two years. None of
the moneys or things of which the prosecutor had been
robbed were found on the prisoner.
The prisoner, when called upon for his defence, solemnly
asserted his innocence, but called no witnesses to prove
where ho was on the evening in question.
The learned Judge then summed up the ease to the jury,
first explaining to them the counts or charges in the indict- I
'tient, and the different intents laid in the first three, which
charged a felonious wounding. There could, he said, be no
doubt whatever that the prosecutor had been attacked and
robbed and most grievously wounded. Then came the im-
portant question whether the evidence satisfied them the
prisoner was the man. The prosecutor swore positively to
his identity. When he first saw him his eyesight was
affected by severe injuries on his eyes, and he could not see
prisoner distinctly ; but afterwards, and on this occasion he
swore positively to the prisoner. No doubt there were cases
of mistaken identity. Let the jury, then, look carefully at
the evidence of the prosecutor taken in connexion with all the
confirmatory circumstances of the case. He met a man going
haenpdrihseonmere,t
wthhroeewmasen;
goingb in
after-
wardsutthe
same he said he passed
) and walking very slowly; and i in
al-
thoughthe
direction
rpaetpcaotsiroistnte
thisash mandirection,elfe p
oke in a low tone, he afterwards, as
he swore, clearly recognised him by his voice, his walk and
footstep. There were various circumstances he spoke to,
which were confirmed by other witnesses—as to the dress,
the was tree that he did not observe a
sticksl,ebeuvet,tahnedmthane hat It
. might have had it concealed. Beyond
all doubt, the man had some weapon, and the prisoner had
a stick. That the prosecutor did not observe the stick,
moreover, might be accounted for thus—that was on the
other side of the man, the furthest from the prosector, who
it was to be observed was struck first from behind. Look-
ing at all the circumstances, it was for the jury to say whe-
ther they had any reasonable doubt. They had heard a
long and rather ingenious cross-examination of the prose-
secutor by the prisoner, especially upon the point of iden-
tity. They could not fail to observe that the evidence of
the prosecutor was not only in itself clear and positive, but
was confirmed by circumstances. Nor was that all. It was
confirmed by other witnesses. It would be important to
consider, in the first place, whether it was proved that the
prisoner was probably at or near the spot in question at or
about the time of the matter in question. Upon this head
the learned judge read and commented upon the evidence
most carefully, especially the evidence of the women. He
observed that where two witnesses, speaking to the same
matter, used precisely the saute words it begat a suspicion
of concert, although not necessarily criminal concert, be-
tween them ; but in this instance the language used by the
women was different from that used by the proseoutorwhile
describing what, in substance, was the same thing, the ap-
pearance of a white patch or mark upon the prisoner's sleeve,
and he observed that this materially added to the force of
their testimony. Having read and commented upon the
evidence to show that the prisoner was near the spot about
the time when the outrage took place, the loathed Judge
then came to what he called the important evidence of the
young woman to whom the prisoner was engaged as to the
stick, the sovereigns, and the handkerchief, and he invited
the jury to consider, not merely the separate force of each
of these circumstances, but their combined weight and
effect. He then observed upon the statements made by
-the prisoner, observing that the mere fact that an accused
person upon his apprehenston uttered untruths was not
in itself very decisive, as it often happened that persons told
falsehoods, who were, nevertheless, innocent of the particu-
lar crime of which they were accused. Still, it was not to be
left out of the case ; and, upon the whole, taking the positive
evidence of the prosecutor and the confirmatory circum-
stances of the case, if the jury, weighing the whole of the
evidence, were satisfied that the prisoner was identified,
then they would find him guilty upon some one or other of
the different counts in the indictment. Then came the
question—tbe important question—as to the intent which
gave to the crime its felonious and aggravated character,
and it was for the jury to say with what intent the prisoner,
if the guilty party, inflicted these wounds. If not satisfied
- of the intent to kill, they would acquit him of the first and

In answer to the learned judge, it was stated that it was
not known whether he had served his full time, but it had
expirel.

The learned Judge then proceeded to pass sentence upon
the prisoner. You have been convicted (he said) of wound%
ing with intent to murder, and the jury have shown that
they were well aware of the atrocity of the offence. The
evidence was so clear and conclusive that I can conceive of
no reasonable doubt, and I rejoice that the jury, doing their
duty to their country and the law, have not shrunk from
giving the verdict which the evidence appeared to require,
leaving the consequences to the law. Until a short time
ago the offence of which you have been convicted was
punishable with death. 'I hat is not so now. But looking
at the wicked and atrocious nature of the attack which you
made upon the life of this old man, and also considering
that this is not your first offence, but you have been
already convicted of a felony with violence, the sentence of
the Court is that you be kept in penal servitude for the term
of 20 years.
The impression produced by this sentence upon the
crowded audience was certainly not that it was too severe.
On the priscner it produced no impression beyond exciting
his rage, and with a fierce look and in an insolent tone, he
said, " Ah I I shall be back before long I" an answer which
produced a strong impression on all who heard it, and was
at once remarked upon as an impressive commentary
upon " the deterrent" effect of the present system of
punishment.
Several of the 'other prisoners pleaded guilty, but, as the
above case lasted until nearly 4 o'clock, the business will
.take up part of to-morrow (Saturday).
The prisoners charged with arson and with night poach-
ing pleaded guilty. Sentences were reserved.

The Youngest Government in America.

(From the index.)

On the sth of March next there will be three Govern..
ments on the continent of America, none of which existed
three years ago. On that day the Confederate States will
be rather more than three years old ; the Empire of Mexico
will be about one year old; and the new Federation, of
which Mr Abraham Lincoln has been elected the first Pre-
sident, will be just one day old. We propose to comment
on this fact, and to point out the obligation it imposes on
the Governments of Europe.

The three new Governments, besides juvenility, have
another feature in common. They have all been created
or ratified by a popular vote, and so emphatically teach us
the oft-repeated lesson, that universal suffrage does not
necessarily imply a republican form of government; that
It does not guarantee a free government; that it is not the
letter of a Constitution, but the spirit of the people, which
gives birth to and sustains liberty. Besides analogies,
there are differences between these Government's which
deserve attention. In Mexico the form of government
has been changed. In the Federal States the old name
and the old form have been retained,' but the character
of the Government has been completely revolutionised.
The Confederate States have taken a new name,
but retained the old form and the old principles. The Em-
pire of Mexico was founded in the hope of replacing anarchy
and misery by order and prosperity. The object of the
Northern Federation is to conquer the South ; the mission
of the Confederates is to defend their hereditary rights and
freedom. Or, to quote the words of Earl Russell—' The
North is fighting for empire, and the South for indepen-
dence I' The Empire of Mexico was established by aid of that
great military Power which assisted the British colonies of
North America in compelling the mother country to recog-
nise them as 13 sovereign States. The Northern Federation
has been ratified by the votes of the majority of the Northern
people. The Confederacy represents the unanimous will
of the Southern people. Mexico, though not involved in
war, has a heavy debt, the legacy of a long period of poli;
deal strife and degeneracy. The North, though the markets
of the world have been open to her to exchange her pro-
ducts of gold, is already in the throes of national bank-
ruptcy—her debt is enormous, and her Government issues
are not worth 60 per cent. of their nominal value. The
debt of the South is not half of that of the North,
whilst her currency is vastly more depreciated—but then
she has been shut out from commerce, and she has a
stock of produce on hand worth more than the amount of
her debt twice told. The stability of neither Mexico nor
the Northern Federation has been tested by invasion,
though we doubt not both could offer a successful resistance.
The Confederacy has been tested by four years of invasion
on a gigantic scale, and no one who has eyes to see and ears
to hear will deny that no young nationality was ever before
called upon to endure such a fiery ordeal, or that any nation
could have made a more heroic and, thank God I a more sue,
cesaful defence. It was bat yesterday the Union, itself not
older than some living men, was dissolved. Suppose four
years ago, when the election of a sectional president warned
the sovereign States of the South that they must leave the
Union or become the creatures of a Northern faction, that
some part of what has since occurred had been revealed
—suppose it had been told the Confederates that their
right of secession would be denied by Europe—that
their ports would be blockaded, and that they would be
cut off from all the supplies they so much needed—that
the North, blinded by covetousness and malignity, would
conscript upwards of 2,000,000 men for the purpose of
subjugating the South that the North would recruit
her armies from Ireland and Germany—that the North
would spend £100,000,000 sterling for the prosecution of
the war—what, we ask, would have been the effect of such
a revelation? It would not have prevented secession,
but the most sanguine friend of the South, the most fer-
vent believer in the strength of patriotic devotion and in
the might of right, could not have supposed, could hardly
have dared to pray, that the North would make such small
progress as she has done. About ultimate triumph there
could have been no doubt, but it would have seemed inevit-
able that nearly all the great cities of the South must have
fallen and have been in the military possession of
the invader. How different is the actual result I Except
New Orleans none of the greater towns have been captured.
In the Confederate Capital, but a day's journey from
Washington, the Second Session of the Second Congress
of the Confederate States' is now assembled. We
will not ask if Mexico could so triumphantly have
resisted such an invasion, but we say, and
without fear of contradiction, that had the North
been thrown upon her own resources as the South has been,
with the same odds against her and the like armies inved -
her—we say that it is altogether without the limits of pro-
bability that her resistance would have been eo success-
eul. No wonder that the great man at the head of
the Confederate Government, and the great captains
who lead the Confederate armies, should be calm in the hour
of adversity and humble in the hour of victory, feeling that
God has been their shield, and that the Lord of Hosts has
confounded their enemies.

We have said that on the sth of March nest the Fedora.
tion of which Mr Lincoln has been elected the first Fred,.
dent will be but one day old, and a little reflection will show
that this assertion is true, and not a mere figure of speech.

Why is the Confederacy called a new. Gcivernmfnce
Sumo of the sovereign States which compose it areas old as
the oldest States in the Northern Federation, and the
newest States in the South are not so new as some of the
States in the North. The State Governments of the South
have not undergone so many changes space 1860 as the
State Governments of the North.. The Confederate Congress
contains fewer new legislators than the Federal Congress.
So far as constitutionalism is concerned, while there have
been many important and radical changes in the North,
there have been but few, indead no fundamental changes
12 the South. But we shall be told that the South seceded
from the North! That is trite. So it is also that the North

We presume the theory on which European Governments
have hitherto refused to recognise the Confederate States
is that Mr Lincoln was elected by a majority of the States
both North and South, but such an argument will have no
application for the 4th March next. The Southern States are
not the hereditary dominions of Mr Lincoln. The Southern
States de not belong to Mr Lincoln by right of
conquest, and he is not their elected ruler. There
is no subterfuge, there is no sophistry, by which
European Governments can pretend that the Govern-
ment which will be inaugurated in Washington the 4th of
March next is either dejure or de facto the Government of
the South. Mr Lincoln may say that he intends to restore
the Union by force of arms—that he is going to reconcile
the South by slaying her sons, by maltreating her daugh-
ters, and by burning her homes. But this has nothing to do
with the question. We have to deal with the present, not
the future. If Mr Lincoln should succeed—if the men of
the South should be exterminated, and the lands of the
South come into Northern possession—then indeed we
should have to recognise in Mr Lincoln the sovereign of the
South. But meantime, though Mr Lincoln does not rule
over thaZonth, there is a Southern Government. The
question then for Europe to decide ialEjs-4vhettievonlite
4th of March next she will refuse to recognise the Confede-
rate Government, and so declare that there is no Govern-
ment in the South—that is, that the South is in the posit'on
of uninhabited land, and that she is a lawful prize for thae
who first get possession.

Naval and Military Intelligence.

Her Majesty's screw steamer Cadmus, 21, 1,466
tons, 400 horse power, having undergone extensive
alteration and repair, both to hull and machinery,
was yesterday taken out of Chatham harbour to the
measured mile at the Maplin Sands, near the Nore,
for the purpose of testing her steaming qualities,
her former trials having proved unsatisfactory. The
Cadmus was built at Chatham dockyard, and, after
seeing a lengthened period of service, underwent a
thorough repair at their establishment, where she
was fitted with a topgallant forecastle. Her engines
are of 400 horse power (nominal), and were manu.
factured by Messrs. Penn and Sons, Greenwich.
The cylinders are each sft 4in in diameter, and the
length of stroke is 3ft 3in, The foar boilers are fed
by 16 furnaces. Since the Cadmus has been in the
hands of the shipwright and engineer department
at Chatham she has been fitted with a "left-handed"
Griffiths screw, in lieu of her former Admiralty
propeller, in consequence of the unsatisfactory re.
sults obtained from the latter. The screw weighs
rather less than ten tons, and is 16ft in diameter,
with a length of blade of 3ft 6io, the edge of the
blades during the trial yesterday being 3in out of
the water. The screw is set at a pitch of 24ft, but
this can be varied from 20ft to 28ft. The trial was
under the superintendence of Capt. W. K. Hall,
C. 8., commanding the steam reserve in the Med-
way, the other officials on board being Mr T. Baker,
chief inspectorof.luacbinery at. Chatham dockyard,
and Mr W. Rumble, inspector of machinery afloat.
The master-shipwright's department was repre-
sented by Mr Raley. The Cadmus was nevi•
gated from Chatham by Mr Blakey, Queen's
pilot, and on being placed on the trial-ground six
runs were taken over the measured mile, with the
following results ;—First run—Time, 4min. Slice ;
speed, in knots per hour, 12.121 ; number of revolu
tions, 62. Second run—Time, smin. 59sec. ; speed,
10027 knots; number of revolutions, 61. Third
run—Time; 4min. 58sec. ; speed, 12.5 knots;
number of revolutions, 62. Four ran—Time,
smin. 12sec. ; speed, 11.538 knots; number of
revolutions, 61. Fifth run.—Time, 4 min. 34 sec. ;
speed, 13.138 knots; number of revolutions, 62.
Last run.—Time, 5 min.l6 sec. ; 5peed,11,392 knots ;
and number of revolutions, 61. From the means of
these readings the first averages were 11.074,
11-263, 12.019, 12338, and 12.266 knots, and the
second means 11.168, 11.641, 12.178, and 12 301
knots, giving the true mean, or actual speed of the
ship, as 11.882 knots per hour. The result is cone
sidered very satisfactory. It shows that the changes
made in the Cadmus have increased her speed nearly
21 knots per hour, her average speed on the occa•
sion of her last official trial at her deep-sea draught
being only 9.709-knots per hour, Various causes are
assigned for this improvement, the chief of which
are the seer serew.propeller with which she has
been fitted, and the alterations effected in her engines.
On the former occasion of her trial it was found im-
possible to keep the steam at a greaterpressure than
17.251 b, even with the throttle.valve but a quarter
open. The exit area of the stoke-hole, which in
other vessels of the corvette class amounts to 20
square inches per horse power, in the Cadmus was
only 7-10ths of a square inch, and to these great
defects the unsatisfactory results thus obtained were
attributable. Since that occasion the changes made
have been very great, and these now combine to
make the Cadmus one of the fastest of her class
of vessels in the navy. After the full-boiler
runs were completed a couple of runs were taken
at half-speed, with two of the boilers cut off,
when the mean average speed realised was 9 06
knots. At the termination of the speed trials
the steamer was tested in making the circles and
half.circles. When at full bailer power, with the
helm brought over hard to port, at an angle of 21
deg., the complete circle was made in 3 min. 35
sec. ; at half boiler power the full circle was made
to starboard in 5 min, 50 sec., with the helm at
an angle of 27 deg. The half circle at full power
was made to starboard in 2 min. 11 sec., and to port
in 2 min. 5 sec. From the time of telegraphing the
order from the bridge to the engine-room the en•
gines were stopped dead from full speed in 15 sec.,
and started ahead in 10 sec. ; the time occupied in
starting astern after the transmission of the order
was 6 sec. The engines, which were in charge of
Mr Bird, engineer, worked with remarkable steadi-
ness and regularity, and there was a total absence
of hot bearings. The boilers emitted a full supply
of steam, and the indicator cards showed the actual
work of the engines during the trial to be 1,580.
horse power. The Cadmus is ventilated on Mr
Baker's system, which has been found to answer
well on board the Achilles, Royal Oak, and other
vessels where it has been adopted. Daring the trial
yesterday the temperature, which on deck was 51
deg., averaged 60 deg. in the engine.room, and 111
deg. in the atoke.holes. The Cadmus has all her
guns, shot, shell, and other stores on board, and her
bunkers filled with upwards of 200 tons of coal.
At the close of the trials yesterday she brought up at
the entrance to Chatham harbour, and this morning
will steam up alongside the dockyard, where she
will await orders from the Admiralty as to her Bub
sequent movements.
The Trident, paddlewheel steam sloop,Cow mender
C. J. Balfour, arrived at Spithead yesterday morn-
ing from the Mediterranean. After transferring
tier naval and marine invalids from various ships on
the station to the flagship Victory, she left for
Woolwich to be paid off, having been nearly four
years in commission.
()apt. Hart i,,,,, who has been appointed Adjutant
at the Royal Engineer establishment, Chat ham, has
joined headquarters and commenced the duties of
the appointment, in succession to Capt. Harvey.
The following appointments were made on Thurs-
day at the Admiralty :—Lieut. James D. Barker to
the Cumberland—Sub...Lieut. Victor E. J. B. Von
Donon the Duncan—Charles Bayfield, second
master, additional, to the Duncan—sad R. H. C.
ITebden, second master, additional, to the Victory,
as supernumerary, l

After the Revolution of July, when the Duke of
°fie rifirg tstmed' the d reet iau ,rof: tf4itv, and After-,
wards ascended the throne as Louis ithilippe, M.
Mocquard accepted the office of sous«pi:efet at Bag-
['cues de Bigorre, in the department of the Pyre-
nees, but resigned this office in 1839, having never
abated in his former attachment, to the Napoleonic
fortunes. For a long time he had maintained close
relations with several members of the imperial
family, and made repeated visits to the Chateau of
Arenenbarg, on the Lake of Constance, where
Queen Hortense was then residing under the title
of Duchess of Saint Len, in the society of her two
sons. Here he gained tho confidence of the ex
Queen and the friendship of Prince Louis ; and
being thenceforward free from all engagements
towards Louis Philippe, he joined the present Em.
peror in London in 1840, soon after his arrival front
Switzerland, but afterwards returned to Paris to
undertake the direction of the Commerce, one of the
journals devoted to the cause of Louis Napoleon.
After the affair at Boulogne, which resulted in the
capture of the Prince, his trial before the Chamber
of Peers, and his condemnation to perpetual impri.
sonment. M. Mocquard continued energetically to
defend his cause, and visited him at Ham on several
occasions.

Amidst the important events of 1848, when the
prince hastened to Paris to offer his services to the,
Provisional Government, but retired in obedience to
a fear expressed bythat body that his presence would
cause some embarrassment, M. Mocquard acted
with increased zeal in rallying partisans around
the prince, and promoting his election as President
of the Republic; and as the elections approached
he was one of the most . active members of the
committee which had for its president Gen. Pyat.
At this time, also, he was in constant communicao
tion with the prince, acting as his private secretary
during his residence at the hotel on the Place Ven-
dome. After the magical influence of the name he
bore had resulted in the triumphant election of
Prince Louis on Dec. 10, AA. Mocquard continued
his duties as secretary, but now officially, having
also conferred on hitn the title of Chef du Cabinet.
Previous to carryirg out the coup d etut of. DAu. 2,
1851, by which the plans of Gen. Changarnier were
defeated, the President confided his intentions to
his trusty secretary, who took an important. part in
the execution of this decisive step, and eince then
has constantly continued to fill his important duties
at the Imperial Court, _ .

Notwithstanding the demands upon his time
during the greater part of hie life, M. Mocquard has
been enabled to contribute some literary works
which have acquired more or less celebrity, but few
of these have been published under his name.
Amongst other effusions attributed to him may be
cited a memoir or notice of Queen Hortense, which
was inserted in the " Biographie des Contempora-,
rains," and was reprinted in the "Revue de l'Ems
pire." A large collection of "Nouvelles Causes
Ce:ebres," published in 1847, is attributed to him ;
and besides these works many dramas,some of which
were taken from the remarkable trials narrated in.
this collection, were confidently stated to have been
in a great measure written by the Emperor's
vate secretary. The two most famous of these were
the " Tireuse de Cartes," produced at the close of
1959, and the " Massacres de Syrie," produced at
the same time in the following year. Some portion
of the leisure of M. Mocquard's life has also been.
devoted to classical pursuits, as is evidenced by
1 translation of Taoitus and other works.