The Sun.
London, England, 1852-09-22 00:00:00

LONDON, - WEDNESDAY

and particularly in North America, where toil is
much required and well requitted, the Irish emigrant
feels himself in a new and much improved condi-
tion ; he has broken the chain of circumstance and
situation ; he has advanced into the citizenship of)
property, for his hands supply more than his humble
necessities require ; he has achieved, far away, what
was intangible in his native land, a recognition of
the Dignity of Labour.
This question has attracted the attention of the sta-
tistical section of the British Association, at Belfast.
The statements we have here given were referred to,
with a view to consider not only the excessive Emigra-
tion from Ireland, bat the reparative agencies
in progress in that country. Mr. LOCKE, who
appears to have closely studied the rationale of the
question, states these agencies to be—"lst,"the general
progress of the people, industrial education and
social ; 2d, a well-defined law of tenure, worked out
in the spirit of its intention by the mu tail good feel-
ings and good sense of landlords and tenants ; and
idly, the improvement of the labouring classes, in-
cluding cottiers and small farmers, whose profits or
wages have been hitherto insufficient for decent main-
tenance." He said,—" Now, the first-mentioned is
abundantly manifest in the decrease of crime, and the
increase of agricultural improvement and general en-
terprise throughout the country. Of the second, we
may entertain a well-grounded expectation, the
matter being in competent and zealous hands. And
the diminution of Poor-law taxation, and the substi-
tution of independent capitalists for distressed or in-
solvent landed proprietors, who were unhappily inca-
pacitated, from fulfilling the responsibilities of their
position, afford strong warranty for the improvement
of the labouring classes, which is indeed already felt
in the rise of wages, and progress of industry in all
its departments, agricultural, manufacturing, and
commercial."—The agency here alluded to is
the Act for the Sale of Encumbered Estates—a
measure which, with some partial evil, has been pro-
ductive of great good. As OLIVER CROMWELL said
of the execution of CuARLxs STUART, " it was a fatal
necessity," arising out of circumstances which legis-
lative wisdom could neither anticipate nor control.
By means of it the number of proprietors of land in
Ireland has been more than trebled—over one million
acres, or one-twentieth of the surface of Ireland (ex-
clusive of water), has changed hands; upwards of
7,000,0001. has been produced by the sales, and (in-
cluding 1,000,0001. to encumbrancers who became
buyers) over 4,000,0001., or nearly two-thirds of the
produce of the sales, have been distributed, throwing
this vast amount into quickened circulation. Best of all,
two-thirds of the purchasers have given 2,0001. and
under, for their lots, thas making an agricultural
middle class—one of the great necessities of Ireland.
If anything will put an end, legitimately, to the ems"
gration which depopulates Ireland, it is this. Gapltal
is, even now, in course of being introduced into Ire-
land—probably between three or four millions ster-
ling, or about half what has been got in from the
sales of encumbered estates. A new class of pea-
sentry will be created, and we shall hear, no further,
of a day's labour for fourpence or sixpence. The
better days of Ireland are commencing.

Amongst the freaks of Irish Members it is really
almost amusing to find some seventeen of them (a
kind of postscript to the Tenant Leaguers), actually
banding together in behalf of Religious Equality.
Amongst the names we see, indeed, that of Mr•
SHARMAN CRAWFORD, whose consistency on this
subject none could impugn ; but to read over a list of
intemperate or zealous Catholics, and to learn that
they have enrolled themselves as friends of Religious
Equality—risum teneatis andel? What evidence
have they ever given that they really wish for it ?
Have they hitherto co-operated with societies or indi-
viduals who have simply and honestly sought that
object ? There is an Anti-State Church Society, to
which all its honourable opponents give the full credit
of singleness of purpose and intelligent action, how-
ever much they object to its principles. Has it ever
been aided by Roman Catholic gold or influence ?
Other Christian denominations, we believe even
Catholics themselves, have, by memorials and resolu-
tions, and even deputations, endeavoured to awaken
their co-religionists in the United States to a sense of
the incompatibility between their common faith and
the horrors of negro slavery. They have thus shown
that a Christian community in one country might,
and ought to, expostulate with a kindred community
in another country, on conduct discreditable to their
Christian name. What have Catholics done in this
way ? What medialized Italian Prince, what Pope,
what Jesuit-governed Emperor has ever heard the
voice of English, much less of Irish, Catholics re-
monstrating on the religious inequalities in their re-
spective domains ? Special occasions have not been
wanting. We have lately seen Protestant mis-
sionaries to Jews ejected from Hungary, it being
deemed better Jews should continue Jews than be-
come Protestant Christians; and just now a consider-
able number of Bibles are being sent back by the
Austrian Government. Last year an Italian Noble,
Count Gusccrannisa, was banished for merely read-
ing the Bible with some friends in his own house ;
and two excellent persons, the MADIAIS, man and
wife, have just begun a severe separate imprisonment
of five years, simply and merely for becoming con-
verts to the Protestant faith by reading the Bible !
a deed which has justly called forth the indignant
remonstrance of the representative of the Pru'sian
Government! What Catholic remonstrance ha;
been beard from Britain ? Had the late Synods
no interest in vindicating their common faith from
such scandals as these ? Was it more important to
attack the Queen's Colleges in Ireland, and to des-
cant on the dangerous allurements of Protestant
education in England, than to rescue the Catholic
name from the odium of revolting persecutions in its
head-quarters ? Or do Catholics expect we should
commiserate their pangs under the denial of
English territorial titles, while they are insensible to
Protestant sufferings under banishment, and the
most harsh species of imprisonment ? They will
allege, perhaps, that they have no power over foreign
Governments. But have they no influence with
them ? Lord PALMERSTON had no power over the
Senate of Hamburgh, yet he remonstrated, and with
complete success too, on the inconsistency of a Pro-
testant Government imprisoning their fellow-Pro-
testant, the Baptist ONEKEN. Are we to believe
that what he readily obtained on behalf of a member
of a comparatively obscure sect could be in no de-
gree obtained by the Catholics of Great Britain on
behalf of those who compose the vast majority of the
population amid which they dwell ? Would a vigor-
ous representation to the POPE, that here Catholics
can erect a cathedral if they please, in full view of
any Protestant one, not obtain for Protestants in
Rome something better than permission to worship
over a pigstye, and outside the gates ? Or, if his
HOLINESS were earnestly reminded that here Catho-
lics were at full liberty to seduce to their ranks any
class of her MAJESTY'S subjects, young ladies, and
Oxford doctors—curates, and archbishops too, if
they liked, it would in no way move him to tolerate
seduction to Protestantism in his own dominions;
and also to read a lesson of the same purport to his
beloved cousins, who govern as Catholic Princes ?
Seriously, while the head-quarters of Catholicism
and all its subordinate agencies maintain a system of
such hateful intolerance and cruelty towards Pro-
testants;awmheisl en trh
softense sight
them
of P
intor ot e
thesa n ts
slightest
liberality
neither sh
.
ciprocity ; and
taken by British Catholics n
no
n pen
t oa n reverse veearrs
earnest steps
issta are
eoef
things abroad, they must not wonder if all men will
smile at Catholics talking of religious equality, or
complaining of persecution, because forbidden to
plagiarise ecclesiastical titles. Nor must they wonder
if antieMaynooth agitators be even more successful
than at the last election. We should, indeed, utterly
refuse to take our lessons of civil and religious
liberty from Italian or Austrian ecclesiastics. Still
we as decidedly affirm that Catholics schooled in
religious liberty in a Protestant country must be
held to have enjoyed the benefit only, without learn-
ing the great lesson, unless they will zealously teach
it to those of their own sect who are so utterly ig.
fit.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris journals of yesterday.
The approach of the Presidential train to Lyons,
on Monday last, was announced by a salute of 104
guns, fired at the same time from all the forts. This
formidable detonation seemed to shake the whole city,
and the colours on the various buildings were visibly
agitated. An immense population was assembled
the whole way from the vicinity of the railway station
to the hotel of the Prefecture, where Louis NAPO-
LEON was to alight. As soon as the PRINCE left the
railway carriage, M. BRET, the Prefect of the Rhone,
came forward at the head of the mayors and muni-
cipal council, and presented to him the keys of the
town on a golden salver, at the same time addressing
him as follows
Monseigneur,—l have the honour to present to your
Imperial Highness the keys of this town, the same that
were presented to the Emperor. The inhabitants will
be most happy to prove to you their cordial sentiments
and devotedness to your cause."
The PRINCE replied that be was happy to again
visit a city which had given so noble and so memo-
rable a reception to the EMPEROR, and that he was
much pleased with the favourable sentiments ex-
pressed towards him. Louis NAPOLEON then mounted
wearing the uniform of a general of
donivihsolirmse;bak, cGeneral DE ST. ARNAUD and General DE
CASTELLANE were at his sides, but a little behind. A
detachment of mounted gendarmery and of the Ist
dragoons opened the cortege, then came the PRINCE
with his splendid staff, and then in carriages a num-
ber of foreign officers, amongst whom were General
Ds LA MARMORA, the Sardinian Minister of War, the
Ministers, and other high functionaries. The crowd
was something extraordinary, and the cries of " Vive
Napoleon !" and " Vive l'Empereur !" incessant.
The whole
passage from the railway to the prefec-
tureost lastedupwards of an hour, the weather being
most favourable
urable then and during the whole day.
Past four the official receptions took place,
and at ha
tfilvfe the PRINCE went to the archiepiscopal
palace, where he was received by the Archbishop, to
witness the regatta on the Saone.
At sir o'clock the PRINCE assembled at his table
the Cardinal Count DE LA MARMORA, the Envoy of
the
King of SARDINIA, M. PALEOCAPA, the Minister
of Public Works at Turin, and a great number of
functionaries and personages of note of Lyons. At
eight o'clock a display, of fireworks, representing a
volcanic eruption, was given at Fourrieres. At half-
past nine the PRINCE proceeded through an immense
crowd crying " Viva l'Empereur !" to the ball at the
theatre, where the principal inhabitants were assem-
bled. His Highness was greeted with the warmest
acclamations. He danced a quadrille with Mdfle.
BEET, the daughter of the Prefect, their vis. a-vis
being the Prefect and Mine. Moues, the wife of the
General of Division. His Highness afterwards went
round the ball-room, the appearance of which was
really enchanting. His Highness withdrew at eleven
o'clock, followed by cries of " Vive Napoleon Vive
l'Empereur !" a thousand times repeated. His car-
riage, followed by an immense crowd, proceeded at a
footpace to the pr,fecture. The weather was de-
li:,,htful the whole day, and no incident occurred to
mar the proceedings.
On the following day at eleven o'clock the PRINCE
got on horseback, and, followed by his staff, proceeded
to the Place Bellecour to pass in review the army of
1.430n5. This review took place in the midst of an
immense concourse of the population, and with re-
peated cries of " Vive Napol6:na !" An estrade was
prepared for the authorities, and the filing-off was
effected with the most enthusiastic acclamations. The
PRINCE then proceeded to the Place Napoleon along
the Rue Bourbon, all the houses of which were
dressed out with garlands and flags, the windows
being occupied by ladies, who flung down flowers,
and joined their voices to those of the crowd in the
cry of " Vive l'Empereur At the moment when
the PRINCE arrived on the Place, the statue of the
Emperor was uncovered to the noise of cannons, mili-
tary music, and the singinp. of 800 children belong-
ing to the public schools. Col. DUHAMEL pronounced
a short address to his Highness, who replied in the
following speech
Lyonese,—Your city was always associated by re-
markable incidents with the different phases in the life of
the Emperor. You saluted him as Consul when he went
beyond the mountains to gather fresh laurels; you after-
wards saluted him as all powerful Emperor; and lastly,
when Europe had banished him to an island, you were
among the first in 1815 to again salute him as Em-
peror.

" Now your city is the first to raise a statue to his
memory. This fact is a significant one. Equestrian
statues are only erected to sovereigns who have reigned;
thus the Governments which have preceded mo have al-
ways refused this homage to a power, the legitimacy of
which they would not admit.
" And yet who was more legitimate than the Emperor?
elected three times by the people, crowned by the Head
of the Church, recognised by all the continental powers
of Europe, who allied themselves to him both by bonds
of a political nature and by those of blood?
" The Emperor was the mediator between two con-
flicting ages; he: destroyed the old regime in re-estab-
lishing all that was good in it, and he destroyed the re-
volutionary spirit by everywhere causing the benefits of
the revolution to triumph ; that is the reason why they
who overthrew him soon had to deplore their triumph;
as to those who defended him, it is unnecessary for me
to remind you how much they have wept over his fall.
" And so it was, that as soon as the people saw them-
selves of liberty to make their choice they cast their
eyes on the heir of Napoleon, and for the same reason,
from Paris to Lyons, on every point of my passage, a
unanimous cry of Vive l'Empereue has been raised.
But in my eyes this cry is much more a souvenir which
touches my heart than a hope which flatters my pride.
" Faithful servant of the nation, 1 never shall have
but one object, and that is to reconstitute in this great
country, so convulsed by so many commotions and
utopian schemes, a peace based on conciliation for men,
inflexibility as to the principles of authority, love for the
labouring classes, and national dignity.
" We have but just extricated ourselves from those
moments of crisis where, in consequence of notions of
Confounded together, the best minds
ghoaoved
baenedn
perverted.evil
lbelig
i Prudence and patriotism demand
that, at such times, the nation should reflect before it
decides on its destinies; and it is yet difficult for ate to
know under what name I can render the greatest ser-

vices.
" If the modest title of President could facilitate the
mission confided to me, and before which I have never
held back, it is not I, who from personal interest, would
desire to change that name for the title of Emperor.
" Let us then lay on that stone our homage to a great
man and, in doing so, we shall honour at the same time
the glory of France and the generous gratitude of the
people; that act will also testify the fidelity of tho peo-
ple of Lyons to immortal souvenirs."
The speech was received with the most enthusiastic
applause, and with cries a thousand times repeated,
of " Vive l'E mpereur."
The following is the latest telegraphic dispatch re-
ceived by the Government :
Lyons, Sept. 20, Six in the Evening.
" The Prince has just returned from the port of La
Vitriolerie. In returning, as in going, the population
thronged in his passage and cheered him loudly. After
a conference with the engineers of the Rhone and of the
railways, his Highness got into his carriage and pro-
ceeded to the Palace of the Arts, where an exhibition of
the horticultural produce of Lyons was laid out. In
the Rue Centrale, the Prince received
going through
from an immense population a reception of the most
cordial description, the cry of Vive l'Emperenrr pre-
ceding and following him to the Palace of St. Pierre, and
being redoubled on the Place des Terreaux. The women
flung flowers from the windows, and the carriage of the
Prince was literally covered with them. His Highness
went through every part of the exhibition, and after-
wards addressed to the horticulturists his felicitations on
what he beheld. They, in their turn, testified to him
the liveliest expression of their gratitude. The Prince
returned to the prefecture along the quays of the Saone,
where an immense crowd was collected. Here, also,
houses were dressed out, flowers were flung down from
the windows, and the air resounded with the cry of
Vive l'Empereur l'"
A decree in the iloniteur of the date of the 14th
puts a duty of SO centimes the 100 kilogrammes on
the Belgian coal imported in the zone comprised be-
tween Haltein and Longwy, and five francs the 100
kilogrammes on metals in the raw state imported from
Blancmisseron to LongwY• A note in the iloniteur
explains the decree to be called for by the failure of
the negotiations for the renewal of the commercial
treaty of the 13th of December, 1845, for sake of re-
establishing equality in the common law, according to
which the commercial relations of both countries are
henceforward to be regulated.
firm with
The Bourse was remarkably a large amount
of busineess transacted in railway shares. The Four-
and-a-Half per Cents. opened at 104 f. 30c., :and
closed at 104 f. 60c. for the end of the month ; the
Three per Cents. closed at 78f. 10c.; Orleans Railway
Shares, 1,488 f. 75c.; Rouen, 9081* 75c.; Havre, 430 f.;
Great Northern, 712 f. 50c.; Avig-non, 5u5f.; Basle
331 f. 25c.; Paris and Strasburg, 746 f. 25e.; Paris and
Lyons, 815 f.; Lyons and Avignon, 6351..1 Western of
France, 638 f. 75e.; St. Dizier to Gray, 550 E
BUST:NESS DONE IN FOREIGN SWAYSitAi AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCIIANGE, 2l.
Dijon and Besancon, 3—Dutch Rhenish, B'A—Lnxem-
beurg, 7 V2—Madras, 21/2 p.—Maria Antonia, New, 25/6_
Namur and Liege, B—Northern of France, 28/s--Paris
and Lyons, 22%—Paris and Rouen, 35—Paris and Stras-
bourg, 30—Paris, Caen, and Cherbourg, s.lz,—Rouen and
Havre, 16M—Sambre and Meuse, 9%—West Flanders, 4%
—Western of France, 11%.

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 16th have been received.
The Gazette publishes a royal decree granting to
M. MARTIN LARIOS, a merchant of Malaga, a privi-
lege fur the construction of a railroad from Cordova
to Malaga. In the preamble to the decree it is an-
nounced that M. CAMPANA, a merchant of Cadiz, has
been authorised to have a survey made for a line of
railway from Seville to Madrid. The Spanish Go-
vernment has decided that the provincial deputations
shall meet on the 9th to decide on the part to bo
taken by each of the towns in the construction of
railways with a view to a prompt execution in every
direction.