The Sun.
London, England, 1864-09-16 00:00:00

NEIVGATE AN:

But moderate supplies of mi
markets. For nearly all qual
fully late rates.

Per Mb. by

stied
baferior beef .. 2 10 3 2
Nliddling do. .. 3 4 3 S
Frime large do. 3 10 4 0
Do. small do. .. 4 2 4 4
Large pork .... 3 0 4 2
Inferior mutton. 3 8 4 0

BOROUGH HOP.

The supply of English hops on sale is tolerably large,
but the quality and colour of the produce vary consider-
ably. For good and fine samples, there is a fair demand,
at full prices; otherwise, the trrde is by no means active.
Adinexed are the quotations :

per cwt.
New Mid and East Kent pocket ll2s to 180 s
New Weaid of Kent 9os to 130 s
Now Sussex
Yearlings
Old
New Bavarians loos to 140 s

COLONIAL.
TEA--The market has remained very quiet, and the few
dealings entered into have been at about former rates.
SUGAR—Business has been very dull, and a further
slight decline has taken place in prices. Common lumps
are inactive, and quoted 47s per cwt.
COFFEE—A moderate amount of business has been
transacted in colonial descriptions at slightly reduced quo-
tations.

Ries—Good and superi ;r description of East India have
been in fair demand at about former values.

TALLOW—Thu market has continued dull, and prices
have shown a further downward movement for both present
and forward delivery.

A large proportion of the articles we eat, drink, and wear
are of foreign growth or manufacture, and for these we are
now required to pay enormous prices in our currency, both
on account of the high tariff and the high price of gold as
compared with paper money. Tea pays 25 cents per lb;
sugar from 3 to 5 cents per lb; molasses, 8 cents
per gallon ; cinnamon, 30 cents per lb ; lemons,
oranges, pine-apples, &c. 25 per cent ; nutmegs, 50 cents
per lb ; mace, 40 cents per lb ; pimento and pepper un •
ground, 15 cents per lb ; and ground, 18 cents per lb ; salt,
igninsgaeerk,sp,
preserved, cents
ptspeerrcelnOtOlb ; and in bulk 18 cents per
100tb ; sardines and anchovies, 50 per cent ad valorem;
when cleaned, .2!. cents per lb.; jNeViiiitelos,gso3lpderacte2nsto, atlanedrraitcee:
of come of the more prominent of the above articles are nearly
as follows, in currency—Tea pays about 63 cents per In,
sugar S to 13 cents per lb, molasses 20 cents per gallon, pep-
per 33 cents per lb, salt 60 cents per ICO.b. Before the war,
the sum now paid for duty alone on many a ticles would have
sufficed for their entire purchase, including the duties then
paid. We find that woollen cloths, woollen shawls, and all
manufactures of wool of every description, which are not
otherwise provided for, pay a duty of 21 cents per lb, and in
addition thereto 40 per cent ad valorem; but if such goods
are valued at over 2 dots. per sqaare yard they must pay in
addition to the above five per cent. Flannels, uncoloured,
valued at 0 cents or less per square yard, pay 24 cents
per lb, and 30 per cent, and if valued above 30 cents, and
when coloured, &0., 21 cents per lb, and 35 per cent ad
valorem, Silk-flannels pay 50 per cent; woollen hats, 24
cents per lb, and 35 per cent; woollen yarn, valued at 50
cents and not o7er Idol, per lb, 20 cents per lb, and 25 per
cent ; valued above that, .5 per cent additional. Ready
made clothing and wearing apparel of wool, 24 cents per
lb, and 40 per cent ; blankets of wool, 12 cents per lb, and
20 per cent, and 24 cents per lb, and 25 per cent, accord-
ing to value. Balmorals, 24 cents per lb and 35 per cent;
woollen and worsted chess goods, &c., from 4 cents per
square yard and 25 per cent to 6 cents and 30 per cent;
the same coloured or printed, from 4 cents and 30 per
cent. to 6 cents and 3.5 per cent. Shirts, drawers, and
hosiery, of wool, 20 cents per lb and 30 per cent. Spool
cotton, 6 cents per el( zen spools, containing on each spool
not exceeding 100 yards of thread, and in addition 30
per cent; exceeding 100 yards, for every additional 100
yards of thread on each spool, or fractional part in excess
of 100 yards, 6 cents per dozen and 30 per cent; cotton
shirts and drawers, woven or made on frames, and cot-
ton hosiery, 35 per cent, cotton velvet, 35 per cent ; braids
lace, &c. 35 per cent; linens, valued at 39 cents or loss per
square yard, 35 per cent; valued above 3) cents, 40 per
cent; sewing silk is the gum or purified, 40 per cent ; silk
vestings, shawls, handkerchiefs, veils, shirts, drawers, &c.
60 per cent.

Congress imposed heavy taxes on articles of luxury. both
of home and foreign manufacture. Liquors, and other
articles, the importation of which in most cases is un-
necessary, and tends only to impoverish the country with-
out any compensating advantages, are subject to the
highest duties. Brandy of first proof is to pay an import
duty of 2 dols. 50e per gallon, and higher proofs to pay in
proportion; while other spirits, made from grain, &c., are
to pay, for first proof, 2 dols. per gallon ; cordials, &C./
pay 2 dols, per gallon ; wines, valued at not over 50 cents
per gallon, 20 cents per gallon, and in addition 25 per
cent ; valued at over 50 cents and not over 1 dol. per gal-
lon, 50 cents per gallon and 25 per cent; valued at over
1 del. per gallon, 1 del. per gallon and 25 per cent ad vale-
rem ; other spirituous liquors, 100 per cent, ; ale, porter,
aad beer, in bottles, 35 cents per gallon ; otherwise than
in bottles, 20 cents per gallon; cigars of all kinds valued
at 15 dols or less per 1,000, 75 cents per lb and 20 per cent.
valued at over 15 dols and not over 40 dols per 1,000, 1 dol
25c per lb and 30 per cent. ; valued at over 30 dol and not
over 45 dols per 1,000, 2 dols per lb and 50 per cent.; valued
at over 45 dols per 1,000, 3 dols per lb and 60 per cent,;
snuff 50 cents per lb ; tobacco in leaf 35 cents per lb, and
manufactured 50 cents per lb ; almonds 6 cents per lb,
s stones, and when shelled 10 cents per lb, opium 2 dols 50c per lb,
and when prepared for smoking 100 per
7ercs p.ent.e;rcent.pipes, ;dia-
monds
m eer
meer-
schaum, he u n n
d&oo.t,h 1e
r pc
d o lr
precious per
gross,nes, not set, 10 per cent. an
ia
Iron in its various forms is subject to many different rates
of duty. Steel is also pretty heavily taxed. On glass, too,
wo find a number of different rates. Those interested in
these articles will find it more profitable to consult the law
in its details than to obtain their information from a news-
paper article, necessarily limited. Gutta percha pays 40 per
cent. Carpets are used in every family, and when our
readers glance at the following high rates of duty they will
readily discern how it is that they now command such enor-
mous high prices. Wilton, Saxony, and Aubusson, Ax-
minster, patent velvet, and tapestry, velvet carpets, Brus-
sels carpets wrought by the Jacquard machine, and all
medallion or whole carpets, valued at 1 dol 25c or under
per square yard, 70c per square yard ; valued at over 1 del
25c per square yard, 833 per square yard; ingrain and
three-ply carpets, 40c per square yard. Watches of gold or
silver, of which we formerly imported large numbers from
England, Switzerland, and oth r countries, are now to pay
25 per cent. ad valorem; palm leaf foes pay lc each; soap,
fancy, perfumed, honey, transparent, and all descriptions of
toilet and shaving soap, 10c per lb and 25 per cent ; soap,
not otherwise provided for, lc per lb, and in additirn thereto
;30 per cent. ; starch made of potatoes or corn, lc per lb and
20 per cent. ; starch made of rice or any other material, 3o
per lb and 20 per cent.
If any of our readers not familiar with finances has
glanced over the above statistics, and still fails to see
why some of the articles of most universal consumption
command the prices that they do, we will endeavour to make
the matter more clear by taking an example. Take the ar-
ticle of spool cotton, which every lady in the land uses to
greater or less extent. Each consumer has been surprised to
find the spools which formerly cost four cents now com•
mending from 15 to 20. The value of a dozen spools in
England is, we believe, about 2s or say 48 cents of our gold
currency. Now if gold is valued at 255 in comparison with
paper money we find that if paid for in our money a dozen
would cost in England over 1 dol. 22c, The duty on ttis
dozen, when brought into the United States, is about 27
cents more in gold, or about 69 cents in currency, making
the cost to the importer in the United States, exclusive of
charges, freight, commission, &-c. about 1 dol. Ole. or about
16 cents per spool.

The new tariff law provides that all goods which may be
in the public stores or bonded warehouses on the day the
act welt into effect shall be subj,33t to no other duty upon
the entry thereof for consumption than if the same were
imported respectively after that day. It also defines what is
meant by the " value" of goods. It is to be the actual value
of such goods on shipboard at the last place of shipment to
the United States, and is to be ascertained by adding to the
vales of such goods at the place of growth, production, or
manufacture, the cost of transportation, shipment, and
trans-shipment, with all the expenses included, from the
andall
paid
place of growth, production, or manufacture, whether by
land or water, to the vessel in which shipment is made to the
United States, the value of the sack, box, or covering of any
kind in which such goods are contained, commission at the
usual rate, in no case less than 2i per cent.,
ibmropkoerrtaagnet,
pro-
vision aallr incurred export
for duties, togetherplacing i withsaid
goods
on
shipboard,
ha
inpdb chargesaar d ,
other proper charges specified by law. An
ha regard to goods which pay a specific duty is the
following :—" That on and after January 1, 1865, the in-
voices of all goods, wares, and merchandise imported into the
United States shall be made out in the weights or measures
developed.
of the country or place from which the importations shall
be made, and shall contain a true statement of the actual
weights or measures of such goods, wares, and merchandise,
without any respect to the weights or measures of the
gbyin gold, while all other goods are
United States.
Under the operation of such a law as the present tariff,
iugrnesgcaaondanoatnbdumt largelyabnenfactures
is
made
so
imposed, and by
the rate of duty
bought and sold with paper money as tho basis of trade, that
aectlasehs
jeot Otfycaeonoll lf
sffpuoaamr:et,
ei
rn
American manufacturers are I
~o y incited to increase their
facilities and business. theThou„bhare taxes imposed on home
manufactures are heavy, they are not nearly so great as
goods,
those imposed on foreign
_____
American
theiThe
el
lenrpeti re:
i

iiineiedlt
Artesianartheva having
a, Spahi named
TRIAL OF A DESERTER.—The military tribunal
having
grench troops.
deserted in
arinTricigiaret, On the 9th April
African
wi t
h light
hi
his
presenceolaf
April
Mohamedolast the
nal
detachment(Algeria)
rebels
rr
a i
ha
al , :od f
fought
aculoigs
raht weekt
charge
aaagt nrac
commanded by Liout. Marsot,
the prisoner
little
doeftathcho
infantry, consisting
aof s
soldier
ime
re n
ofo of thethe w a battalionggo
1 tr
engineera oinf,
vllinagt lbloeuen-
ment, Vent. blarsot
assistant,e Mohamedl.G etou:,e withr4 were
occupiedlf
eo
augruleagues
ifnatives,nrobm 0
and, as a convoy
began to fear an attack, of provisions which
was expected on the following day did
ablraorumahintgtorethpeorctasmopf
of
tehore
not make its ap-
pearance, he determined to fall back on Tiaret, seeing that
his rations were exhausted, and his men had but little
ammunition left. lie therefore raised his camp in the even-
ing and marched all night towards Tiaret. In the morning
the lieutenant found that the four Arabs under the prisoner's
orders had deserted, and at 5 o'clock he saw 200 Arabs
drawn up to oppose his passage. The prisoner Mahomed
immediately galloped off to j.,in them, threw off his French
uniform cloak, and led the rebels to attack the detachment
ho bad just deserted. Lieut. Marsot formed his handful of
men into a square and repelled the aggressors, Ile then
resumed his march, but WAS harrassed for seven hours by
the EArabs, who at last retired. It appears that the
prisoner, finding his treachery frustrated by the
bravery of the detachment, rode on to Tiaret, and informed
the military authorities of Lieutenant Marsot's danger. A
etrong detachment was instantly sent to his aid, and met
him at come distance from Tiaret. The prisoner was then
placed under arrest and ordered for trial. In court the
prisoner pretended that he bad left the detachment to obtain
succour from Tiaret, and had not joined the rebels, but the
soldiers of the detachment proved that he was the foremost
among their aszailants, and that they saw him fire at them
repeatedly. The Tribunal unanimously declared the priso-
ner guilty, and sentenced hint to be shot, after previously
undergoing military degradation, '-, b't
- 0 execution is to take
place at Masora.

The returns which have been issued from the Army Medi-
cal Oepartment relating to the health of the army in 1862,
are not quite complete in so far as regards the European
regiments in India in that year. The general abstracts,
however, include all but one regiment, and present this very
encouraging result: —Admissions into hospital, 1,736 per
1,000 of mean strength; deaths, 25.63 per 1,000, the deaths
being nearly a third under the proportion of 1861. The
mortality in the Madras Presidency was 20 83 per 1,000;
Bombay, 24.60; and Bengal (where the majority of
the troops are quartered), 27.55, the Bengal mor-
tality of 1860 and 1861 having averaged 42'27. These
statements include the deaths of invalids on their
passage home, or while waiting their discharge in Eng-
land. There were no less than 96 cases of sunstroke, or
heat apoplexy, and 30 terminated fatally. A death from
starvation is recorded, tlikt of a corporal of the 54th Regi-
ment, who deset ted, taking with him some public money,
and who, after living on berries in the woods for some time,
was found starved and dying. The number of invali Is sent
tome in the year for discharge or change of climate was
1,79:5, being 28.17 p r I,COO of mean strength. Tne return
of deaths at each age shows a much more rapidly progres •
sive increase of mortality in India with the advance of age
than is usual in temperate climates, the mortality at the
ages 35-39 being double that at the ages 20-24; the
practical bearing of these results upon the question of
the reliefs of regiments in India must be obvious. In 1862
the deaths from spasmodic cholera in Bengal were only a
third of the ratio of 1861, but it still remains the chief
cause of mortality in this presidency, and its fatal character
appears to have undergone no modification, the proportion
of deaths to cases having still been 1 in 1.61. Passing now
to the European troops employed in China in 1862, we find
an average strength of 3,511, admissions into hospital 1,847
per 1,000, and deaths no less than 99.12, literally decimating
the force. This is due chiefly to the returns from North
China; in South China the ratio was 2878. At Shanghai,
where the average strength was 1,362, the deaths were 163
per 1,000, a fearful rate of mortality, due in nearly equal
proportions to epidemic cholera and to dysentery and
diarrhoea. There was a large increase of the force there just
at the commeneemeet of the usual sickly season, and Shang-
hai ab.unds in all the elements of unhealthiness. The army
surgeons are not sanguine of its ever proving a healthy sta-
tion for European troops. The ravages of cholera were not
confined to the country round Shanghai, but extended along
the north of China, crossing over to Manchuria and reach-
ing down to Japan. It is estimated on good authority that
before Shanghai and Scon-Kiang, distant some 40 miles,
about an eighth of the Chinese population died from cho-
lera in 1862. With relation, next, to New Zealand, we
learn that the average strength was 5,482, the admissions
into hospital only 546 per 1,000, the deaths 9'lo. Mr Mouat,
Deputy Inspector General of Hospitals, notices the com-
parative absence of some diseases, as venereal and malari-
ous fever, and the entire absence of othors, such as smallpox
and cholera. He considers that with improvements (much
required) in barracks, a proper check upon intern-
perance, and an allowance of four consecutive nights in
bed, the mortality might be reduced one half. In Aus-
tralia the average strength was 1,000, the admissions into
hospital 683, and the deaths 22. This is a considerable in-
crease in the mortality ; it occurred chiefly in tubercular
diseases, which were three times as fatal as usual. This
probably arose from the circumstance that when the 12th
and 40th Regiments embarked for service in New Zealand,
all the weakly and delicate men were transferred to the
wings of these corps, which were left far service in Aus-
tralia. But making every allowance for this, the number
of cases of sickness and death is still so high that it would
seem to indicate that the Australian climate is not well
suited to persons having a tendency to tubercular disease.
In Ceylon the force was below 1,000; the returns show
a considerable decrease in the admissions into hospital,
but the deaths continued above nineteen per 1,000
Here also tubercular diseases were a source of con-
siderable mortality, but were comparatively rare among the
native troops. Dr Dane, Deputy Inspector-General of
Hospitals, reports that a complete change in the construe-

tion of the buildings occupied by the European soldier will
have to be made before he can be placed in a fair position
to contend against the influence of the climate. In Mau-
ritius the deaths rose to nearly 44 per 1,000, owing to the
prevalence of epidemic cholera ; the mortality from it
amounted to lin 2.64 cases. The chief cause of the in-
validing, which was much above the average of the three
preceding years, was pulmonary disease. At the Cape of
Good Hope the average strength was 4,519, the mortality
9.73 per 1,000, just 1 per 1,000 above that of the army at
home in the same year; more than 20 men per 1,000 were
in hospital for diseases directly resulting from intemper-
ate& From the West Indies the mortality return from
Jamaica, 12.81 per 1,030 is favourable, but in the Windward
and Leeward command the deaths were 13'10 per 1,000,
which is considerably higher than in the pre iious year; the
increase was owing to an outbreak of yellow fever at Bar •
badoee. Steps have been taken for remedying various
sanitary defects in the barracks. From Canada the return is
favourable—admissions into hospital 657 per 1,000, and
deaths 8.35, and this notwithstanding that upwards of half
the troops had to travel into Canada in the depth of
winter, and that the sudden accession caused for a time a
considerable degree of overcrowding. The admission into
hospital were chiefly from venereal disease or the conse-
quence of intemperance. The former is more prevalent in
the summer, owing to its importation by sailors on the open-
ing of the navigation. It is suggested that they be examined
by the health officer before being allowed to land. At Malta
this class of disease was reduced in the year by more than half
owing to the adoption of a system of police surveillance of
the loose women. At Gibraltar the sickness and mortality
were lower than in the army at home, but continued fevers
were in excess of the average. They are attributed to the
continuance of imperfect drainage, overcrowding., intemper-
ance, and exposure to the heat of the sun on the public
works. Mr Payntor, Deputy Inspector-General of Hos-
pitals, believes intemperance to have been the source of
two 'thirds of the diseases which came under treatment, In
the whole army at home and abroad in the 3 ear 1862 the
admissions into hospital amounted to 1,165 per 1,000 of
mean strength, the deaths to 16'38, and the discharges by
invaliding to 26.13. The number constantly non-effective
by reason of sickness was nearly 60 (49.77) per 1,000, ex••
eluding Bengal, from which there is no return.