The Sun.
London, England, 1852-09-08 00:00:00

11.71151,13 •
, d,
N0.18,710.] LONDON! WEDNESDAY 41
-
N'A';
•
t
SEPTEMBER 8, 1852.

THE ENGLISH, SCOTTISH, and AUSTRA-
LIAN CHARTERED BANK.
The arrangements for the Constitution of this Company are now
nearly completed. Application has been made to her Majesty's Go-
vernment for a Royal Charter of Incorporation.
Prospectuses, with the names of the Board of Direction, will be
published in a few days. In the mean time further information may
be obtai,ed from Messrs. Joshua Hutchinson and Son, 39, Lothbury ;
and Messrs. Sheppard and Sons, 28, Threadneedle-street.
JOHN WILSON PILLANS, Sec., pro tern.
4, Adam's court, Old Broad-street, August 26, 1852.

TERA NEWSPAPER
of next SATURDAY will contain a Full Programme of the
DONCASTER MEETING, with Anticipations of each Race, and
the ST. LEGER PROPHECY by " TOUCHSTONE."
_ .

The Original JOE MUGGINS'S DOG will give his Canine Pro-
phecy, with many Curious De-tail.
Order of all newsmen. Price Sixpence.

The ERA ST. LEG ER GIFTS will be distributed To-morrow
(Thurday) evening, and all Subscribers who forward Thirteen Shil-
lings to Frederick Ledger, Era-office, Catherine-street, Strand, will
participate in the same, and receive the Paper for Twenty-Six
Weeks.

-RETTS'S PATENT BRANDY.
itp The highest medical authorities recommend Brandy and water
as the best customary beverage, and particularly as an efficient pre-
ventive of diarrlue stic complaints at this season. They equally con-
cur in preferring BETTS'S PATE NT BRANDY as the purest and'
most wholesome. It is unequalled for preserving fruits, home-made
wines, &c.
Sold throughout the Kingdom, by respectable wine and spirit mer-
chants, in glass bottles, protected by the Patent Metallic Capsules,
and at the DISTILLERY, 7, SMITHFIELD-BARS, in dozens,
bottles and cases included, at 18s. per gallol ; or in stone jars of
two gallons and upwards, at 16s per gallon. pale or coloured.
J. T. BETTS and CO.,
French Brandy Distillery, 7, Smithfield-bars, St. John-street.

CAU T I O Ne—To Tradesmen, Merchants,
Shippers, Outfitters, &c.
Whereas it has lately come to my knowledge that some unprin-
cipled person or persons have for some time past been imposing upon
the public by selling to the Trade and others a spurious article
under the name of BOND'S PERMANENT MARKING INK:
This is to give notice, that I am the original and sole Proprietor and
Manufacturer of the said article. and do not emplo'y any traveller, or
authorise any person to represent themselves as. coming from my
establishnient for the purpose of Selling the said ink, This Caution
is published by me to prevent further imposition upon the public.
and serious injury to myself.—E. R. BOND, Sole Executrix and
Wi low of the late John Bond, 28, Long-lane, West Smithfield,
London.

PATRON—H. R. H. PRINCE ALBERT.
ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
LECTURES.
By J. IL Pepper, Esq., on Testing Gold, and on the Australian Gold

Districts.
By Dr. Bachhoffner on the Patent Polytechnic Gas Fire; and on
the Mode of Preserving Fresh Provisions, illustrated by Specimens
from Messrs. Ritchie and M‘Call, and Samples of Fadeuilhe's So-
lidified Preserved Milk, and Moore's Patent Concentrated Milk.
By Mr. Crispe, on Morrall's Patent Needles.
By George Buckland, Esq., on Music, entitled Musical Varieties,
with Vocal Illustrations, assisted by Miss Blanche Younge, B.A. of
Music.
New Series of Dissolving Views, &c., &c.
Admission, Is.; Schools and Children under Ten years of age,
Half-price. For Hours, see Programme.

CREMORNE GARDENS.
On the Banks of the Thames, King's-road, Chelsea.
Waterside Entrance close to Battersea-bridge Pier.
Fare by Steam-boat from London-bridge or any of the interme-
diate Bridges or Wharf Piers, 3d. Strangers should request to be
landed at Battersea-bridge for Cremorne. Fare by Omnibus from
Charing-cross, 3d.; from the City and remotest parts of the East-
end, 6d.
Proprietor, Mr. T. B. SIMPSON.
The Pyrotechnic Displays by the Chevalier Mortram.
Open for the Season.
By Desire.—Re-engagement of Louis Soullier's Cirque Oriental.
A new Grand Spanish Comic Ballet, entitled Le Barbier de Cadiz,
every Evening. at Half-past Seven o'clock.
THIS DAY, Mr. Mackney, the Astonishing Negro Clown.
THIS DAY, and Saturday, Grand Globe and Wheel Ascents, by
Herr Franz de Bach, on a Narrow Platform, 160 feet long.
An uninterrupted succession of Entertainments from Three o'clock
until near Midnight, including
Every evening, at a Quarter to Nine o'clock, in the newly-decorated
Pavilion, in addition to the following attractions, Louis Soullier's
Cirque Oriental, and the best Equestrians of the age. For partial-
tars, see Special Bills.
Principal Artistes :—Messrs. M'Cullom, Albert de Bach, Franz de
Bach, Jean de Bach, Devani, Mackney, Victor Soullier, Kemp, Leon
Souther, Signor Vilderini ; Madlles. Clementine and Olga Soullier.
Admission to the Circus from the Gardens :—Promenade, Pit, and
Boxes, is.; Amphitheatre, 6d.
Open at Three o'clock.
Admission, Is. ; Children, Half-price.
On after Four o'clock, by Refreshment Card, price 6d.
Table d'ilote at Six o'clock, 25. 6d.
Private Room for Dinners and Coffee.

IMPORTANT MEDICAL AND SURGICAL WORKS,
Just published, by 11. Bernier°, 219, Regent-street, London.
No I.
Bvo., in cloth, price 55., by post free, 55. 6d.,
ON TRUE & FALSE SPERMATORRHCEA ;
with the View to the Correction of wide-spread Errors
n relation to the Treatment and Cure of Sufferers from Debility of the
Generative System, or Sexual Hypochondriasis.
Translated from the German of Dr. PICKFORD.
"Dr. Pickford is known to English readers by his frequent practi-
cal contributions to German medical literature. This is the first
time, he informs us, that he has addressed himself to the non-medi-
cal reader. We trust this may not be the last, if he shall
detect any other equally flagrant evil which it may be in his
power to correct."—London Medical Gazette, May 30, 1851.
—"
The editor has conferred a great boon on the sufferers from this
distressing malady by translating this little book, and by laying bare
the scandalous practices of unqualified adventurers, who profess to
cure a disease of which they know nothing, with no other object
than to till their own purses. The difference between true Sperma-
torrhcea and the various forms of disease which resemble it are
accurately described, and thus a safe guide is offered for the
treatment of the malady "—Medical Circular, May 5, 1852.
- We have delayed so long upon the contents of the preliminary
chapter, that we have scarcely left ourselves space for any notice of
the subject specially treated of by Dr. Pickford ; but the moderate
price at which the ' brochure' is sold, places it within the reach of
every one interested in the matter."—Dublin Medical Press, April
P 4,1852.
No. 11.

PRACTICAL HINTS.
The season having been a wet one, Sportsmen have scarcely
commenced their campaign, though the Game is plentiful, but
speedy pr'parations are now being made for Sporting Excurs,ons.
Let Sportsmen remember that the only Establishments where Dress
every way appropriate can be obtained with Dispatch and Economy
are those of E. MOSES and SON, their Style and Cut superseding
that of every house in the world ; and their celebrated Boots, ex-
pressly made for Sportsmen, being proof against wet and damp. B.
MOSES and SON'S Clothing for the present time is designed with
surprising ingenuity, being light and waterproof, elegant and com-
fortable, and in variety which affords inimitable opportunities for
selecting suitable attire for railway excursions, for youths' and
children's wear, for every class and for all occupations ; each article
being cheaper, better, and more fashionable at E. MOSES and
SON'S than any dress which can be obtained elsewhere.

ENCOURAGEMENT FOR EMIGRANTS.
M. L. Faucher, Minister of the Interior of France, has arranged
facts and calculations proving that the present Gold Digging
go on for twenty-five years, and will, during that period, be as may
ss
r
benefit to all the States in Europe : nor can the standard value of
gold decrease before that time. Emigrants may therefore go to
the with the most flattering prospects of success; but before°
they embark they should visit the great Outfitting Establishment of
MOSES
E. MOSES and SON, where a Department is expressly devoted to
Emigrants' Outfitting, where all the Goods, Utensils, Clothing, ,sec.,
&c., they will require are always ready. Being prepared with the
experience rf the most extensive outfitters in the world, E.
and SON'S Outfits are more suitable ani cheaper than the inferior
goods offered elsewhere.
,
All requisite information relative to sailing
tio of vessels
post f&
c.,
free ,
and full Lists of Outfits, may be had on applican, or
to any part of the kingdom.
CAUTION.—E. MOSES and SON regret having to guard the
Public against imposition, having learned that the untradesmanlike
falsehood of " Being connected with their Establishment," or " it's
the same concern," has been resorted to in many instances, and for
obvious reasons. They beg to state that they have
No CONNEXION WITH ANY OTHER HOUSE IN OA OUT
OF LONDON,
except their own Establishments, as follows
84, Bron City Establishment, 154, 155, 156, and 167, hittuOries, 83,
L7,aallartc"..:(tr,y:loertdi.galatlecoomppmosuniitecathtine Church,
Sheffield Branchs3
Lyndon West-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New Oxford-rtreet, 1,2,
andall communicating.
Bradford e) Branch, 19, Bridge-street.
and Shoemakers,The Establishatenntl:si
Merchant Tailors 6, Fargate.
a._Olothiers, Hatters, HoSierS, , Farriers Boot
Saturdays, when business
A new Book, entitled
General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen.
„is resumed till Twelve o'clock. . .
are closed from sunset Friday to attract on
Bill list of prices, and
gratis, on application, or P"
direotThe Library of Elegance," containing a
for self-measurement, call be had,
Lingdom. forwarded, post-free; to any pait of the
A handsome Almanac for the
on application. year ending 1852 can be had, gratis,
Ic iron patio Francais.'
Bier spricht man Deutsch. I 11-1 at parla Italiano.
Aqua be 'labia Espanol.

CARSON'S CREEK CONSOLIDATED
VV MINING COMPANY.
Tne Directors beg. to announce, for the information of the Share-
holders in this Company, the return of Mr. Hawes, one of the gen-
tlemen forming the deputation sent to California to make inquiries
respecting Carson's Creek Mine.
Mr. Sandeman, another of the deputation, together with Mr.
Morgan, one of the proprietors, and empowered to treat on the part
of the other proprietors, have been detained in New York, and are
expected by the next mail packet.
On their arrival the result of the investigation by the Deputation
will be communicated to the Shareholders. Meanwhile the Direc-
tors are taking steps to ascertain the value of the samples of Ore
bought by Mr. itawes from the Mine, to guide them in their nego-
tiations with Mr. Morgan.
By order,
11. _NESBITT, Secretary.
Allhallow's Chambers, Lombard-street, September, 7, 1832.

BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE
ADVANCEMENT or SCIENCE.
BELFAST, MONDAY EvaisaN6.---The sections re-
sumed their sittings in the Queen's College this
morning, and the proceedings were listened to by
crowds of visitors-

SECTION E.-GEOGRAPHY AND ETHNOLOGY.
Sir R. Murchison, President of the Royal Geo
graphical Society of Loudon, took the ch3►r in th!s
sectiJu.

Colonel Chesney commenced the proceedings by
reading an able and interesting paper upon the coin-
p irativii merits of the route to
ladia written in com-
pliance with the request of Dr. Robinson. Too use
of the overland route da'ed from almost the discovery
of India i'sell. The far-seeing Elizabeth maintained
,
a fleet at Bir to facili,ate
trade along the Euphrates,
which, being then the high road to India, was con-
stantly made use of by Balbi,
Filch, and others, who
had occasion to march by that line with merchandise.
The route from Europe sees b_
y Alexandretta and
Aleppo to Bir on the Euphrates, from whence the
goods were carried by boats. The Gallant Colonel
then reminded the audience that even in the time of
Herodotus, Mesopotamia was a country of consider-
able commercial importance; and at present, al- I
though the value to England of Bagdad, and the
other productive seats of 'commerce, was greatly
diminished by the cessation by the East India Com-
pany of the intercourse which previously existed, yet
the trade between India and the Persian Gulph
amounted to about two mitlions a year. The line of
the Euphrates had another advantage. The direct line
from London passes through Vienna, Constantinople,
and Asia Minor, to Aleppo, whence, by the Desert of
The route by the Red
'MI continued through
manner, but, being less
ssApereaae Arabia, iyaa
",d
the
hbt
ee re ehra
regular
uee sdl a
irßh uatransit
transit
a.
r's s
Arabia up to the year 1815. leis acquaintance with
Mesopotamia commenced in consequence of his having
set out for Constantinople in 1829, to assist in the
defence of Turkey against the Russians. He arrived
at the close of the war, and then undertook a journey
into Asia Minor, with the object of examining the
proposed lines of communication with India, and
made a detailed report to Government, allowing
twenty-two days between Bombay and Alexandria.
This was the first proposal founded on examination
for opening a steam communication by the Red Sea.
The energy and activity of Waglaorn, however, had
performed the transit in fifteen, and even twelve, days.
Having described the difficulties which he had en-
countered in pursuing his course, having been car-
ried off by the Arabs, Colonel Chesney stated that, on
regaining his`freedom be continued his journey across
the Great Desert, and succeeding in reaching the
Euphrates, pursuing his course from Damascus by
Palmyra. Having constructed a raft of thirty-
three inflated skins, he was launched upon
the great river, accompanied by three Arabs,
and made his way to Felujah, opposite Bagdad,
not, however, without meeting with some
sodanger,rah,a
nadn and
ultimately thence
from
Persian Gulf. The I3abylon to Bus-
Gallant Lecturer then gave a general description of
the Euphrates, which, he observed, was entitled to
even more than its celebrated name of the Fourth
River of Paradise, being wide, deep, and highly pic-
turesque, flowing between ancient aqueducts, irri-
gating luxuriant groves of date trees, and the richest
wheat cultivation. He then traversed 1,700 miles of
Russia, and some 1,800 miles through Asia Minor,
which enabled him to examine the sources of the
rivers and the country between it and the Mediterra-
nean, having spent three years and a quarter in the
exploration. He then made a report, urging the es-
tablishment of alternate communication by the Red
Sea and the Persian Gulf. King William IV. took a
lively interest in the matter, which was taken up by
Lords Palmerston, Ripon, and Lansdowne, and after
deliberation by the House of Commons, the sum of
20,0001. was at length voted for an expedition to the
Euphrates and Tigris, and in 1835 he sailed in com-
mand of it, consisting of two flat-bottomed iron
steamers, with a staff of scientific and other officers,
together with persons qualified to put together
the vessels, which were in pieces. On arriving at
the mouth of the Orontes, the Pacha of Egypt, Mo-
hammed Ali, in violation of his engagements with
the Government, refused to allow the exploration
to proceed ; but, being determined not to be stoppEd,
they disembarked the materials, and carried their
ships overland, notwithstanding all obstructions and
difficulties, a distance of 147 miles from the mouth of
the Orontes, to Port William, in Egypt, a p.ma which
he gave the place in honour of the Ling. The Go-
vernment, however, having then refused to grant any
more funds, he was compelled either to give up the
expedition or appeal to the assistance of his friends,
and, determining not to abandon it, be obtained an
advance of 3000/. more. The gallant colonel then
described the terrible effects of a whirlwind, which,
although it lasted hut 15 minutes, destroyed the
Tigris, one of the vessels on the Euphrates, at Wirde,
',bout 500 miles from both the Mediterranean and the
Persian Gulf, and committed great havoc on the ex-
pedition, and which was unpsralleld in violence, ex-
cept by a storm which destroyed the fleet of Julian the
Apostate, near the same place. The Arabs, how-
ever, unlike some of their countrymen at home,
showed them the greatest kindness. He had
previously received orders from the Government
to break up the expedition on reaching the Per-
sian Gulf ; but, lest he should dishearten the offi-
cers of the expedition, he did not communicate
the matter to them until some time afterwards ; and
then, conceiving that the circumstances would justify
them in not obeying these directions, he consulted
with them as to persevering with it, and they at once
agreed, and even gave up a portion of their pay in
order to reduce the expenses. They then continued
their survey of the river, and afterwards went up the
Tigris to the distance of more than 300 miles, to
Bagdad, the city of the Kaliphs. The steamer every-
where created great surprise, the Arabs having a
prophecy amongst them, that when iron should swim
on the surface of the water their dominion was to en(]
They came several hundred miles to ascertain the fact,
and at first believed that the vessel went along the
bottom of the river by wheels. Having related others
difficulties in the expedition, and further inquiries
which it made, Colonel Chesney stated that fresh t
orders having arrived, to break up the party,
fromtheres
returned to England, while he followed, taking
Bombay important dispatches, and making a direct
journey eht
journey of nearly 1,000 miles from sea to sea, the
distance from Damascus and Beirout being b
accom-
plished in 19 days. On arriving at England a com-
munication was received from Prince Metteranich
offering to meet the supposed India line at Sen de.
roma ; but the Government did not entertain the
question at all, except by turning it over to the East
India Company, who launched three vessels upon the
river, but ultimately were obliged to withdraw them
in the Affghan campaign. The Turkish Government him
then took up the subject
ect, and after some referencet 0
Messrs.
1 two steamers more have been constructed by
Laird, of Birkenhead, and will speedily be launched
1
on the river of Mesopotamia; but he felt anxiety
Ind forxiet want
y lest
a great undertaking should fall, to the grou
of competent management. 10f late
the
Eastern
Steam Navigation Company, ill competingwith the
to the
Peninsular and Oriental, appear to have
come
conclusion that long and powerful
seainers, using
both paddle and screw, would reach
India in about
'
32 days • 'but admitting that 10,790
have to compete miles will be
travelled in that time, this line will
the oer nes,
with steamers of a similar power
Rolled Sea,th andli the
one of about 5,238 miles by the
other of 4,823 miles by the Euphrate..
Colonel then • dout pointe the
advantages
of the latter
from London to
line. A r 'l t exists
ai way at resent exists
reach Constan-
tinople.Hlin will pro.
Hungary, and, ere long, Minor present im-
The great chains of .Mla
not be overcome ;
pediments, but not such as Y
11"
of the Mesopo-
tamia having once reached the
; valleyhtbecontinued along
rivers, the line mg--- the coast of
the southern shores of pegs and
rendered thisline t-
un
notely
Mekhran to India ; but the expense,
and the
lik se
tied state of the country,
might' therefore, confine
soon to be adopted. They gh Arabia, having
the question to a railway trlir°ll-e extremity, and
a steamer to India from one
line to quit
another to Trieste from the opposite
loch e me
Of Antioch, and thence
the Mediterranean at the .13%37
pass by Aleppo (Benin) to the Euphrates, at Tabir,
the estuary bank to
With uary the
river, a distance of about 715 of
and so along the right
miles. powerful
est Inbavfrom London,
in letters might reach,—°- e 1 1
in eighteen or nineteen days And messages,. partly by
electric telegraph, in ten di Having
plan,
estimated the
Cost of a single line of railwa
o the m
and two steamers at a C o 00000/bout ' , ~ the gallant
lecturer advised that, instead 4f in the first instance
ou y, tem!sorary arrange-
incurring so serious an
arrange-
ments should be made, by vv "tt thed Austrian.l Lloyd's
vessels could carry passeng
lan
asmaats to Scanda-
re", which required no _tilharbour, and
from thence, b the air
y line, fi distance of 110 miles,
ween which and s-
to Balls, on the Euphrates,
~
d ; the wholeßa
. dis-
tance small steamers might 1103 use
een days and. eighteen
tance being traversed in erg
t telegraph, in ten days.
hours, and partially using
The whole expense of this ipmporary arrangementwould be about 50,000/. or 80,000/ Tilshort, the
overland journey could be performed by relays of ca-
mels, or the carriages of the country, called tach-i• van ;
and the necessary protection from place to place being
A "tweeted with the hire of the animals, the Arabs would

have an interest in promoting the undertaking. The
Arabs had evinced a most favourable disposition in his
intercourse with them, and proved remarkably faith-
ful in transporting not only all their stores, but up-
wards of 6,0001. in small sums ; and the existence of
commercial intercourse for centuries with Arabia
proved that there could be no difficulty in extending
relations with that country. In conclusion, the gal-
lant lecturer pointed on; the superior fertility of
Alronpotatnia, aud the opportunities which it presented
for introducing our manufactures, and also for col°.
niz ttion.

In reply to the president, Dr. Lec, the Rev. S.
Smith, Mr. Coll, and other gentlemen, Colonel Ches-
ney gave satisfactory explanations respecting the in-
frequency of storms, the peaceful disposition of the
Arabs, the salubrity of climate, protection of travel-
lers, and other points upon which he was interro-
gated, and, after some conversation upon the subject,
the thanks of the section were voted to him.

Captain Allen, RN , then read a paper proposing,
in the first instance, to account for proofs of fiuddEt
drainage in the valley of the Jordan, as shown by
terraces 500 feet above it, which have been noticed by
Lieut. Lynch, U. S. N., and Dr. Robinson; also more
recent proofs, in hills with flat summits, exhibiting
horizontal deposit, but with torn sides ; parallel
raised beaches near the Dead Sea, &c. Such drain-
age, having lowered the Dead Sea 1,400 feet below
the Mediterranean, could have no connexion with the
catastrophe recorded in Scripture. In the course of
the investigation of the accounts of other travellers, at
the southern end of the Wady Arabs, and his own
observations at the northern end of the valley of the
Jordan, Captain Allen had reason to think that be-
tween the gulf of Akabab and the southern Ghor or
Evady there is a tract of very low ground, and also
on the other hand from the plain of Isdraelon, so that
the waters of the Mediterranean and the Red Sea
were kept in by those low tracts ; and if they were
cut through there would be water communication
with the East Indies, by means of a ship canal in the
greater part by nature through that depressed valley
and that the expense would be very small, because,
if a new canal were cut for a small way, the force
of the Atlantic and the aid of gunpowder would very
soon cut a channel sufficiently large for navigation of
the largest ships. Captain Allen pointed out the ad-
vantage which this course would be to the Sultan in
opening up communication with an important portion
of country which now but partially recognises his
authority, and also to the pilgrims, so that there
would not be a probability of having opposition to
encounter. By this means he thought a more direct
and expedious route to the East could be obtained.
After some conversation upon the subject, the
thanks of the section were given to Captain Allen for
his paper.
Learned papers were then read by the Rev. Dr.
Hincks on the connexion between the Indian, Euro-
pean, Semitic, and Egyptian forms of the personal
pronoun;
_and by Professor M'Douall on the present
state of Medo-Persian philology.
The latter gentleman also read an interesting ac-
count of a journey across Africa from Zanzibar to
Angola, as communicated from the Foreign-office to
the Royal Geographical Society.
SECTION F.—STATISTICS.
His Grace the Archbishop of Dublin presided, as
on the preceding days, in this section on Saturday.
Mr. Gilbert commenced the proceedings by read-
ing a second paper on the laws of the currency in
Ireland, showing that the circulation of notes began to
decline every January, slowly at first, but afterwards
more rapidly until July, and reached its lowest
point in August. It then began to rise, and con-
, tinned to do so until January, when it
again declined. This was accounted for by the fact
that in September the harvest began to be disposed
of, and the rent to the landlord was paid about the
end of the year, when the notes returned to the bank,
either to be placed to the account of the landlord, or
converted into cash. The total number of banks
of issue was 163, of which 76 were in Ulster.
As Ireland had a population of 6,500,000, and as the
population of Ulster was only two millions, their pro-
portion of banks out of 163 would have been only 30.
In some portions of the country the money circulation
of small notes (under Si.) was only fifty per cent. of
the whole returns, in Ulster it was 86 per cent.—
owing to the peculiarities of the linen trade requiring
small accounts in the purchase of materials, paying
for the manufacture, &c., though lately the trade
had undergone some change by which small amounei
rhe ir
of money were not so much required as formerly.
theil hanks The average amount
the
purpose o f gold f
makingen
end silver kept
notesb
by
varied from 29 to 38 pt.:. cent. Gold could now
be so readily obtained from Euglind by steamboats
and railways that it was not at present necessary to
put so large an amount of gold and silver in their
coffers as formerly. The recent discoveries of gold
in Australia and CaliforAitt had affected the price of
money in England, and reduced the interest ou the
balances of the Irish banks kept in London, and it
became a matter of consideration whether, in keeping
smaller balances in London, the Irish bankers might
not afford greater accommodation to the people of
Ireland, which, he believed, might now be fairly and
safely done, especially to the new proprietary raised
under the Encumbered Estates Act.
In reply to a question Mr. Gilbert stated that he
had no alarm from the gold •
discoveries of California
and Australia reducing too much the value of money,
but he believed it would be a very happy thing for the
country.

Mr. Heywood, M.P., next read a paper on the in-
come of the University and some of the colleges of
Oxford, compiled from the report of the Oxford Uni-
versity Commissioners, from which it appeared, as far
as could be ascertained of nine colleges, that the
average income of the heads of houses was 1,1001. a
year ; and, as regarded fellows, taking in the canons
of Christ Church, the average was 2341. a year. The
total income of the Oxford University was 22,0001.,
and of the colleges, 152,0001. The income of Cam-
bridge University was about 133,000/. ; and of Trinity
College, Dublin, about 50,0001., making the total
about 355,0001. There were 557 fellowships in
Oxford, of which about thirty-five were vacant every
year. The revenue arising from the University press,
by the printing of Bibles and prayer-books, was stated
to be about 8,000/. a year, though the amount was not
regularly paid over, but only when it increased to
sums of 40,0001. or 60,0001.
Professor Hancock next read a notice of " The
progress of the Sewed Muslin Manufacture in Ire-
land," communicated by Mr. Holden. It stated that
the trade was introduced into Ireland between 1800
and 1810, but little progress was made with it until
between 1820 and 1830. The introduction of ma-
chinery for the spinning of linen yarn left the female
population of Ulster almost without employment,
but the introduction of embroidery amoagat them
soon more than compensated them for their loss. The
introduction of lithographic printing between 1830
and 1835, instead of the old block system, was one of
the most important elements in firmly establishing
the trade. The old blocks cost from 3s. 6(1. for sim-
ple patterns, to 61. or 71. for the more intricate, be-
sides
the time (two or three weeks) formerly occu-
pied in the preparation of the patterns and cutting
them upon the blocks, whilst they could now be
produced in a few hours at about the same amount of
shillings as it formerly cost pounds. For a long time
there was a prejudice against Irish goods, which
prevented their selling out of Ireland, especially in
the London markets, and therefore the grey muslin
was sent to Glasgow when bleached and completed,
after which it was sold as Glasgow manufacture.
Upon that fact becoming generally known the preju-
dice began to wear away. .The goods were completed
in Ireland, and the London and foreign buyers now
visited Belfast to make purchases as often as
dn.
theye
visited Glasgow, and the market was rapidly w
ing. So extensively indeed had the business increased
in the last fifteen years that there were now employed
in Ulster and other parts of Ireland nearly a quarter
of a million of individuals. The wages of the young
yersons, when they first commenced, were only from
ficl. to is. per week : the more experienced obtained
4s. to 65., and there was now paid between 500,000/.
and 600,000/. per annum for the manufacture, exclu-
sive of some of the cost of the materials ; and more-
over, the employment was afforded in the best
manner, being given to the young females at their
own homes, under the supervision of their
parents. A great deal of good had also been effected
by the establishment of training schools for teaching
embroidery, and the landed proprietors had been very
t
forward in estabiishing those institutions. Amongst
others the Earl and Countess of Enniskillen founded
one of these schools, the result of which was that,_ the
females of Enniskillen were now earniogihr Irish
broidery, no less than 4001. a
week; ortsnce and,
manufacture was rapidly growing in
riPlaking great
in despite of fiscal arrangements,
Fa:ance where the
way on the continent. Even
import of such goods was interdicted, a
smuggling, and
large quantity obtained
filshionable in the
l admissiontoge t hb eyr
at present one article wag highly
salons of Paris. Ccrtainlytbreeat
sroandetowneas anticipate thatin-
in-
creasing, and they had every
it would advance still further.
NtE lIANICAL SCIENCE.
SECTION
James Thomson, E read elaboratepapers
N" ‘j. "
and on the vortex water-wheels;
on the jet pump, 5-Flsq., offered some remarks on the
William Fairbairn,
Minis
rifl3; Alfred J. Woodhouse, Esq., gave de-

[PRICE SD.

scription of a mould for casting conical bullets ;
William Fairbairn,
EN., gave a description of a new
kind of tubular boilers • papers were also read by
James Barton, Esq., C.E., on the permanent way of
railways, and by John Godwin, Esq., C.E., on an
improved cast iron sleeper for railways.
Tll9 grand evening conversazione of the associa-
tion took plac, on Slturday evening, in the room of
d
which was fitted up as on the
1e
A meeting of the general committee was held this
(Monilay) afternoon at three o'clock, on the con-
sll,rles%b.si
l roysu.. Li o
er
uk
in
i o"
cnoan;
and filed with a brilliant as-
enelusion of the proceedings in the several sections.
Colonel Sabine, the president, occupied the chair.
A number of ofriaers were appointed and other
routine business transacted ; but the principal sub-
ject engaging the attention of the committee was the
selection of a place in which to hold the next annual
meeting. Letters of invitation from Hull, Leeds,
Brighton,
Gla.gow, Liverpool, and Dublin, were
taken into consideration, and their respective claims
advocated. After some discussion, Hull was ulti-
mately selected.

Commander Benjamin
conveyance of
Fort. This officer entered pointed to the Hercules,jon (1841) has been ap-
Le.amliNn TBaEynl: LIGENCE. t e
first-class volunteer, emigrants to Australia.
Benjamin Baynton
son of the late Major' born Sept. 17, 1789, in Wales, is
on
irehd the navy Nov.f 3, 1801, as
Scotch
old line-of-battle-ship, for h
Edward Kendall,
quently proceeding to the
Benjamin Baynton, of Duncannon
Mediterranean in the Victory,
tlhoeo,eflapagtu-rsehstipf otfheLwhic4 anhde,
aosnsiestuedbsea-t
became midshipman, in August, 32-gun frigate Ambuscade,
32, Captain Samuel Sutton, under whom
of the Arnphion,
contributing to the capture of three
we find him
laden with treasure, and the destructino Spanish frigates
Cape St. Mary, Oct. 5, 1804 While nextnof a fourth, off
the Halycon, 16, Captain Henry Whittna attached to
was on four occasions engaged with divisionsrah Pears°, he
gun-boats-assisted, during an encounter with an Spanish
vessel off Malaga, in taking the
enemy's
launch,
an armed
17, 1805-was instrumental in effecting the capture,
Oct.
after a gallant action with three privateers, aopftnre,
largest, the Neptuno Dios de los Mares, of 14 guns and
e
lyingo
clre Nelson,
nocffh 1
Lymington;r the Flora, 36, Captain
72 men, Dec. 13, 1806-commanded a mortar-boat in an
attack on the French batteries at Scylla, in February,
1808-was, constantly, from May 12 to June 27 follow-
ing, employed in a tender against the enemy in the Faro
of Messina and on the coast of Calabria-contributed,
on Sept. 8 in the same year, to the reduction of the town
of Diamante, and seizure of a flotilla of vessels under its
protection-and was further present at the ensuing de-
fence of the Island of Capri. After acting for eleven
months as lieutenant of the Ocean, 98, bearing the flag
of Lord Collingwood, and of the Cambrian, 40, Captain
Francis William Fane, he was at length confirmed to
' the latter ship, by commission dated Jan. 2, 1810. In
the following September he co-operated in the reduction
of a French battery at Bagur, on the coast of Catalonia;
and he afterwards obtained the thanks of the patriot
General O'Donnell for his conduct at the storming of a
fort near Palamos, on which occasion the boat of
which ho had command was struck by a shot,
and sunk almost before the wounded and the powder
could be removed. On the 13th of the following
December Mr. Baynton took charge of the Cam-
briau's boats in an attack made, in conjunction with
those of the Kent and Ajax, 74's, and Sparrowhawk and
Minstrel sloops, on an enemy's convoy in the mole of
Palamos; and during the disastrous retreat of the Bri-
tish from that place, when the boat in which he was
serving grounded under a murderous fire from the shore,
sustained, without any means of resistance, a loss of 30
men killed and wounded, and was only eventually got
under way by the three survivors swimming and towing
her off, he received a musket-ball in his thigh, which,
we believe, has never been extracted. For his service on
the coast of Catalonia, where be was further present at
the defence of Tarragona, Mr. Baynton again obtained
the open thanks of General O'Donnell, also a gold medal
struck for the affairs at Bagur and Palamos, and a sword
valued at 50/. Being next appointed, Jan. 23, 1812, to
the North Star, 20, Capt. Thomas Coe, he served in that
vessel, on the Channel and West India stations (the last
twelve months as senior lieutenant) until November,
1815, in the early part of which year he landed with a
party of seamen and marines on the island of Cuba, in
pursuit of the crew of an American letter-of-marque,
three of whore were taken prisoners, and the vessel ulti-
mately captured. lie was afterwards employed for two
years and a halt, part of the time as first lieutenant, in
the Shark, bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral John
Erskine Datglas, Sabine and Tay, Capteats Alexander
Campbell and Samuel Roberts, and Salisbury, 50, flag-
ship of 8.-sr-Admiral Douglas, all on the Jamaica stn
:ion, where he commanded tor some time the Soeri.ei I
tender. From May 1, 1818, until December 3, 1839,
with the exemption tit an interval in 1827, when, as age ni
for transprts afloat, he attended the expedition to
Portugal, he always to have been on half-pay. He then.
until prornotct: to his present rank, November 23, 1841,
cornrnandtA the semaphore elation sit Cobham, Surrey.-
O'Bep ne.
gala, 2-1, screw-frigate, at Portsmouth.
Piaymi“ter-W. G. Parmeter (1842), to the Terme-
AssistantSurgeon-John Stuart, acting, to the Vic-
tore, flag-ship, ut Portsmouth.
Slates-W. D Garland, to the Daring, 12, at Chat-
ham; W. S. de Kautzou, to the Electra, 14, Portsmouth;
C. R. Moberly, to the Meander, 44, Spithead.
Naval Cadet-William
Ilartley has been nominated.
off at
of the Encounter, screw.corvette,
to be paid off, it is reported, will have an appointment
connected with the steam department at the Royal
Naval College. Trio Encounter will be paid
Captain Gordon,
Woolwich.
Vice-Admiral Sir George Seymour, C. 8., G.C.11., is
70
at Halifax, in the Cumberland, • Captain Seymour.
The two steam-sloops, Buzzard, Commander Dobbie,
and Basilisk, Commander Ron. F. Egerton, were cruis-
ing in the straits of Belleisle, and the Devastation, 6,
steam-sloop, Commander Colin Campbell,
i was at Pie-
ion. The Notley tender was cruising n ,the Bay of

Fundy,
R.ar-Admiral Corry's squadron, the Prince Regent,
90, Captain Hutton; Rodney, 92, Captain Graham,
C.B ; Leander, 50, Captain King; Arotbusa, 50, Cap-
tain Symonds, has left Lisbon by this time on the home-
ward cruise to Cape Clear. The squadron will not be
home before the end of the month.
Captain Skibsted, of the Danish navy, has been visit-
hill
visittr Strange,
cieu,
e we
ing the royal dockyard, by special permission of the
Admiralty.
OLD MEN-OF-WAIL—The Tweed, 18, Racer, 16,
Seagull, 10, and Kestrel brigantine, are ordered to be
broken tip and their names to be removed from the .Navy
List. The Tweed was built at Portsmouth in 1823, and
is of 500 tons; the second, the Racer, was one of the
pegtop class of sloops, 431 tons, and was built at Ports-
mouth in 1833; the Seagull, of 279 tons, was built at
Chatham in 1831, and has been employed as a packet;
the Kestrel, of 200 tons, was the yacht of the late Earl
of Yarborough, was built by White, and was purchased
nbyotthceomlae to late Government
bount twheiliderceemaseeinof
in
nhe
thelateT
Earl,
c.Aar,cwheilrl,
be at
screw-sloop, wfo-rsla month.
0, Commander
until further orders.
EL agus
Blenheim, 60, screw-ship, Captain W. Henderson,
ntla
se S
town in her exercising cruise.

Greytown by
bew eras at
to come out of
-sloopF,orwbielsl,
last advices, all well.
dock by the 16th of October, at p
Conflict,— Calypso,
81 ,t a; c Captainr
o w
ortsmouth.
Diligence transport, Master-Commander Mitchell, 15
to carry stores to Gibraltar, and
Driver, 6, steam-sloop' will to return to Portsmouth.
Woolwich on the oot r hof be taken out of dock at
- September and will be ready
for commission by the Ist of November.'
Geyser, 6, steam-sloop, i
detained
Her
newly-raised crew will be s at Devonp ,ort. _c_e
paid advance to-day, '.
proceeding to Port Royal,
i
Greenock,ron screw-ship sold to the Australian
Mail Company, will be ready' to come out of dock at
Woolwich on the 18th.
Hart, tender to the flag-ship at Sheers ess, has been
for the
sent to Yarmouth and Lowestoft, to enter boYe
navy.
import is orere to ,
?ilagicienne steam-frigate, at Dal."-` • ' first
Danced in the class
have her defects made good and place
of steam rese vre. Mitchell, was at Belize by
Persian, 12, Commander MI
last advises. ady to come out of dock at
Powerful, 84. will be reand
Rill be complete as an
Portsmouth on the 161 instant.
advanced ship by the sloop. ordered home immediately,
Rosamond, 6, sumo_7.was at Port Bola,iu C.us.B:
Hamilton, proceeds direct
Vestal, 24, Col"
to Jamaica.
TUESDAY MORNING.—Her Majesty's
SlizzaNse,
steam troop-ship Megeera, Commander J.
iron screw
Johnson. is completed by the artificers of the dockyard.
.Thre;:kajesty's brig Bittern, 12, Commander Vansit-
tart, has her topmasts on end, and is getting on rapidly
with her equipment.
Her Majesty 'a ship Achille, 76, was removed yest,rday
from the harbour, and towed by the Lizard and African
steamers to Black Stakes, in the river Medway, where
moorings have been laid down for her. She is a, hand-
some looking line-of-bottle ship of the old class, and '"
built upwards of fifty years ago alter the plan ofis
the
Pam; é
Her Majesty's ship Hercules, 72, is to be placed • into
1 the hands of the Commissioners of the Colonial Land
tied Emigrudon Society, who will have the
superinten-
dence, of the internal fittings for the receptiongrants. After landing the emigrants in some of,elliti-
colonies, the Hercules will convey a cargo . of t'e
this country.
Her Nls.jesty's brig Kangaroo, 12,
similar lines to the Flying Fi•lt. She
of timter to
has been built on
is one of that
Class of vess Is which will probably become
the sorew-propeller is brought more
Her principal dimensions are obsolete as
as follows:Length into use.be
tweeo porpendiculars, 105 feet . w:—Length -
deck, 105 feet 9 inches; breadth length
1 inches; ditto, mou!ded, 32 f . on the
feetupper
extreme, 33_ 6
feet 8 inches; depth in hold,
15 feet; burden iu tons, 480,