The Sun.
London, England, 1864-05-09 00:00:00

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Mr. CREMER, in seconding the resolution, said
that Garibaldi had in the noblest manner refused
the bribe that had been offered to him by the Staf-
ford House Committee, and had decided that he
would not receive anything from the English people
which he eould not make use of as he pleased and
deal with as he thought best. This conduct on the
part of Garibaldi should induce the working men
of England to redouble their exertions on his behalf,
and place in his hands the means of accomplishing
his glorious mission of giving freedom to Italy.
Mr. MASON JONES next addressed the meeting
in support of the resolution, and spoke of the admi-
ration and love which he felt for Garibaldi, and said
that he hoped the feelings which inspired the great
man would so far influence the people of England
as that they would not consent to the degradation
of being obliged to meet in the English parks
except by the permission of Mr, Cowper or any
other servant of the public. (Cheers.)
The resolution was agreed to.
Mr. RICHARDSON referred to the fact that Gari-
baldi had refused to receive the money proposed to
be raised by the Stafford House Committee, but did
not object to the contributions of the working men.
As evidence of this, he stated that the fund of which
he was treasurer had already been drawn upon by
the General. He hoped that the working men of
England would_redouble .their efforts, and provide
Garibaldi with all that was necessary to enable
him to accomplish his glorious mission. England
must, he said, provide not the money, but the arms,
_ _

if necessary, for the purpose of completing the
work of giving freedom to Italy. He proposed the
following resolution :—" That this meeting deeply
sympathises with their brethren in the provinces,
who have been thus deprived of the•opportunity of
welcoming amongst them the most illustrious visitor
ever honoured England with his presence." He
deeply deplored the disgraceful manoeuvres which.
had driven their illustrious visitor away, and fully
sympathised with the disapppintment that must
have been felt by the people in the country. He,
however, could promise them, on the authority of
the General himself, that he would again come to
England at a more congenial time, and throw him•
self entirely amongst the people. (Cheers.) The
General, as he knew he would, had refused to
accept the Stefford House Fund, hampered as it
was with certain conditions, but he would gladly
ceept the two subscriptions of the people, given to
him unfettered, but to use in any manner he pleased.
Italy was not yet wholly free ; Hungary was look-
ing anxiously for aid, and Poland was gallantly
struggling against her oppressor. There was much
work yet to be done, and Garibaldi was the man to
do it. (Loud cheers.)
Mr.: PETHERBRIDGE seconded the resolution,
which was supported by Captain Dresser Rogers,
and carried.

Mr. NIEASS proposed that copies of the above
resolutions be signed by the chairman and by the
secretaries of the committee, and transmitted to
General Garibaldi.

Mr. S. PLlAtsou, seconded the motion, which
was supported by Capt. DONATTI, who had been on
Garibaldi's staff at Aspromonte, and agreed to.
Mr. CUNNINGTON moved a vote of thanks to the
chairman, which was seconded by Mr. WHITLOCK,
and carried by acclamation.

The CHAIRMAN having suitably acknowledged
the vote, and expressed his delight at
,the orderly
manner in 'which the meeting had been conducted,
the proceedings terminated with three cheers for
Garibaldi, and one more for Mezzini.

PHOTOGRAPHS BY ARTIFICIAL LIGHT.—At the
Society of Arts on Thursday evening last Dr. Crace
Calvert, F.R.S., in the concluding lecture of his course:of
Cantor lectures, called attention to the metal magnetism,
exhibited specimens of wire made from it, and showed the
brilliant light which its combustion affords. This light is
so intense, and possesses to so great a degree the qualities
of sun light, that photograps can readily be taken of objects
illuminated by it. At the conclusion of the lecture several
successful photographs were taken in 30 seconds by Mr.
Claudet, of Theed's bust of the Prince Consort in the ante-
room of the society's lecture-hall, the first ever taken in
London by means of this illuminating agent, and they
elicited considerable interest among the audience.
THE PITMEN'S STRIKE.—The long-standing
strike of the pitmen at Seghill Collery, in the county of
Northumberland, has been settled upon terms which aro
likely to be satisfactory to the owner of the colliery and the
men. The new arrangement is the reduction of a half-
penny per ton in heights of 2 feet 11 inches, 2 feet 10 inches,
2 feet 9 inches, and 2 feet S inches, the workings under the
last-named height being subject to the former prices,
while the intention to reduce the pillar workings has been
entirely abandoned.

ANTIIROPOLOGY.—In a third article addressed
to the Academy of Sciences, M. Tr6maux con-
tinues his investigation of the causes of the
transformation of man at the present period.
The Indo-European race, he observes, only pre-
sents the same type in so far as it lives
lacehier races;
es
consistingn
the Terai and the Neilgheries, on the
same soil, but differs in proportion as the coma-
tries it inhabits differ. Thus this race is fine in
the south and west of Europe, in Georgia, Ciro
; but i
cassia, Persia, where the more recent strata
predominate. In India, wherever the nature of
e rainy Weather the
,
the soil permits it thereh lei:fest:
of primitive strata, subject
people are dusky and As ugly as monkeys. The
chain of the Himalaya Is mostly composed of
granite, gneiss, gypsum, and volcanic peaks ;
it comprised beautiful and fertile valleys, where
its glaciers keep up the moisture of the soil and a
most vigorous vegetation., The people there are of
various types. Even in ancient times the Persians
arid ludo were considered a fine race, and they
are still the same; and the reputation of the
Georgian and Circassian Women in the East shows
that they have not degenerated. The German type
comprises the Scandinavians, and the low countries
situated on the same alluvial formation; the Bohe'
mians and Servians offer the strongest Slavonian
type; they inhabit older formations. The other
Sla.vontans, it is said, are more or less mixed; bat
if the Foil be examined, it will he found that the
geological conditions differ. Hungary, in the
centre of these regions, is of modern formation,
and therefore both men and animals are finer

there., In China, the finest Mongol type is to be
found in the neighbourhood of Pekin, where the
ground is of recent formation; the ugliest type
exists on the primitive formations where the
sources of the Jenisei are. In Australia the
zborigincs located on recent soil are finer than
those who inhabit the primitive formations. In
America, taking the zone of the Tropic of Capri,•
corn, we find on the elevated and primitive re-
gions of Brazil, the Bale,condos, the most bar.
barons race of those parts, while the nations in-
habiting the rich and recent basin of Paraguay
resemble the European type. Hence M. Tremaux's
theory may be simply stated as follows :—That the
differences of type observable in the human race,
are all attributable to the geological state of the
region they inhabit, the most beautiful belonging
to those inhabiting recent instead of primitive for-
mations,

he was being driven from England cwroVIA:V.
presence was unpleasant to her Majest
,C 1
ment, and he begged Garibaldi to s v • 11:7 ,
that he was going entirely on account of h;
Garibaldi replied in these words—" My d, fl s
cannot tell a lie." (Immense cheers.) This
was the reply of Garibaldi to Earl Ohaf.tes.
bury. On the following morning an address
was prepared by Col. Chambers, to the authorities
of those towns that were to have been visited,
in-
forming them that the state of the General's health-
would not permit of his fulfilling his programme.
Garibaldi read this address, and struck out with his
own hand all statements respecting his health, and
substituted the words, " for many reasons I am
prevented visiting you." Himself, Mr. Taylor, and
some other of the personal friends of Garibaldi, on
becoming acquainted with what had occurred, held
a meeting, and Mr. Taylor and himself waited upon.
the General by his desire, to ask him whether he,
had made up his mind to leave at once. Garibaldi
replied he did not consiehr the statement of Lcrd
Palmerston in the House of Commons released him
from the promise he had made to Air. Gladstone
and Lord Shaftesbury. He had no hesitation in
saying, despite of Mr. Gladstone's explanation, au d
Lord Shaftesbury's iettera, that Garibaldi was the,
victim of a foul conspiracy. He publicly challenged
Lord Shaftesbury, Mr. Gladstone, or Mr. Seely, to
deny the truth of what he stated. The fact was
the Government were not prepared for the over•
whelming enthusiasm with which Garibaldi had
been received by the people, and were afraid of the
results if he went to the provincial towns. (Hear.)
Mr. Shaen's statement made a great impression on
the meeting, an,' " elusion of his speoch
Wree groans were given for the parties he had
accused. "

THE DERBY.—RACE GLASSES (the best),
at CALLAGHAN'S, 23k, New Bond-street, W. corner
ot Conduit-street. N.B.—Sole agent to Voigtlander, Vienna.

ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA,
Covent-garden.
From this time until the end of the season there will be four
Opera nights in each week, viz., every Monday, Tuesday,
Thursday, and satarday.
Extra Night.
Mademoiselle Destinn; Signor Wachtel.
lETIIIS EVENING (Monday), May 9, will be performed, for
the second time this season, Meyerbeer's Grand Opera, LE
PROPEL ETE. Fides, Mdlle. Destine, her second appearance
in that character in England ; Bertha, Madame Rudersdorff ;
Count Oberthal, Signor Tazliafico ; Zaccaria, Signor Capp oni ;
Mathisen, Mignor POlOllitli ; Giona, Signor Neri-Baraldi ;
fSergeant, Signor Rossi ; Peasant, Signor Lucchesi;
ce in that and Jean
of Leyden, Signor Wachtel, his second app
eara.
character in Eng, and.
Conductor, Mr. Ccsta.
The Grand Sloting Scene and incidental Divertissement
will be supported by Md le. Salvoni, Mdlie. Carmine, Mdlle.
IS avalre, anti M. Desplaces.
Commence at half past Eight.
Pit tickets, 7s. ; amphitheatre cita Is, 10s. 6d., 75., and ss. ;
amphitheatre. 28. Gd. Boxes, stalls, and tickets may be had
at the box-office under the portico of the theaire, which is
open from teu to five, and at the principal musicsellers' and
librarians'.

HEATRE ROYAL DRUR Y-L A.N E.
Managers, Messrs. Edmond Falconer and
F. B. Chatterton.
THIS EVENING, AN APRIL FOOL. MGT Belmore.
Alter which, will be produced the nd
entitled Stage
Revival of Shakspere's Chronicle or Historical Play,
the First Part of
HENRY THE FOURTH.
The cast will include impersonations by. those eminent
artists, Mr. PHELPS, Mr. Walter Montgomery, Mr. Waiter
Lacy, Mr. A ddiso,,, Mr. Ryder, Mr. ttobert Roxby, Mr.
Barrett, Mr. E Phelps, Mr. Rayner, Mr. H. Vandenhoff, Mr.
Belmore, Mr. Ellerton, Mr. Fitzjames, Mr. Neville ; Miss
Edith Wynne, M ss Retie Leclercq, ,nd Mrs. Edmund Fal-
coner, supported by all the Members of the Drury-lane Com-
pany.
Concluding with MY HEART'S IN THE HIGHLANDS,

THEATRE ROYAL HAYMARKET.-
Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr, Buckstone.
TFIIS EVENING, AN UNLUCKY MORTAL. Mr. Wm.
Yarren and Miss I Harris.
Atter which, DAVID GARRICK. Messrs.
term.Sothe
chipp,endale, Buckstone, Rogers, C.lark, Weathersby,
Mesdames Snowden, Nelly Moore, Fitzwilliam.
er wilich, the new Easter piece, entitled VENUS AND
Aft
ADONIS. Messrs.
. Compton, Wm. Farren, Coe, &c. ; Mes-
dames Lottisse heeiey, Snowden, N elly Power, Hill, Wright,
Itogers, Ste.
To conclude with A KISS IN THE DARK.
Commence at 7.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Under the Sole 3ianagement of Mr. Pechter.
In consequence of the Rehearsals necessary for the com-
plete production of HAMLET, and the immense prepara-
tions requisite for the New Scenery, painted by Mr. W.
Telbin, it is deemed necessary that the Theatre should be
CLOSED until SATURDA Y, May 14th, when will be pre-
sented Shakespeare's HAMLEf. Hamlet, Prince of Den
mark, Mr. Eechter.
Box Office open daily from Eleven o'clock till Five.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.-
Sole Lesee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining.
THIS EVENING, DRAWING-ROOMS, SECOND
FLOOR, AND ATTICS.
After which, Shakspere's ROMEO AND JULIET. Ro-
meo, Mr. J. Nelson ; Mercutio, Mr. Vining ; nurse, Mrs. H.
Aleifston ; Juliet, Mdlle. Stella Colas.

W TEATILE-E.O Y AL, ADELPtii.—
solo Proprietor and Manager. M. B. Webster.
Last Week but four of the mat Tragediene, Miss Bateman,
in the character of LEAii.
THIS EV ENING,an apropos Sketch, SHAKESPEARE'S
ROUSE : Messrs. J. L. Toole, R. Phillips, Stephenson.
Al er which, at 8, LEAH : Miss Bateman, supported by
Messrs. A. Stirling, Simmsps, Biliington, Stuart, Eburne,
Stephenson ; Miss H. and Mrs. Billing,ton.
F.
To souclude with T BELLE 3'lesss. J. L. Too:e,
Bedford, K. RomerH,E MissAREA Woolgar, and Mrs.r H. Lewis.
Commence at 7.

MISS BATEMAN.-L E A H.-THI
EVENING and EVERY EVENING.—Miss Bateman
will appear in her great impersonation of the Jewish
nia.dtn until further notice. In order :o give due elect to
Vnas most remarkable succes4 ot the se..son, eutireiy new
scenery by the celebrated artists Messrs. Dans= and eons,
and Thomps,n. New dr, oses and appo ntments have bean
prepared for its productioc.—N. ii. In consequence of the
wiressing and numerous applications at the Box-off;e, ar-
ingement,, have now been made by which Seats m,y be ob-
tained a Fortnight in Advan,e.

YAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE, under the
Management of Mr. B. WEBSTER.
Crowded with rank and fashion.— The greatly successful new
Uomtdy every Evening.
Amongst the artists engaged will be found the popular
Fames of Mr. Benjamin Webster, Mr. Charles Mathews. Mr.
rank Matthews, Mr. J. L. Toole, Mr. .1. Clarke, Mr. Plul
Bedford, Mr. F. itobinson, Mr, Ashley ; Mrs. Chas. Mathews,
Miss Herbert, Mrs. Frank Matthews, Miss A. Cottrell, Miss
Fanny Josephs, Miss Patti Josephs, Miss Wentworth, and
Airs. Stirling.
EVERY EVENING, at 7, a Farce, with a new sensation,
called sHAKE HANDS Mr. J. Clarke, Mr. Ashley. Mr.
Johnstone ; Miss Fanny Josephs and Miss Patti Josephs.
At a quarter before 8, the successful new Comedy, by
L. Buckingham, Esq., entitled THE SILVER LIN LNG :
Mr. Charles Mathews, Mr. F. Robinson, Mr. Ashley, Mr.
Montague; Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mrs. Frank Matthews,
Miss A. Cottrell, Miss Wentworth, and Mrs. Stirling.
At lip, OUT OF SIGHT OUT OF MIND. Mr. Charles
Mathews and Mrs. Frank .alatthews.
To conclude with UNDI4:II. THE ROSE.
Commence at 7.
On WEDNESDAY next, May 11, will 131 produced THE
FOX CHACE, a new Come iy, by Dion Boucicault, Esq., in
which Mr. an i Mrs. Charles Mathews will appear, and Miss
Henrietta will make her first appearance.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.
Manag:er, Mr. W. IL Swanborough.
THIS EVENING, ON AND OFF.
Followed by ORANGE BLOSSOMS.
After which (11th time) MAZOURKA. Messrs. Honey,
Turner, &c. ; Marie Wilton, Simpson, &c.
To conclude with TURN HIM OUT.
Commence at 7.

COALS.—The LILCOLESHALL COMPANY'S
lJ ALS.
Direct from their own Collieries.
Marquis' 245. per ton. D0ub1e......... 203. per ton.
,fop 23s. „ Nut 5........ 18s. „
Deep ....215. „
Well screened and delivered within five miles of their De-
pots, Westbourne Park-road, W., and 17, South Wharf,
Paddington, W., and Maiden-lane, N.
Best Coke

Terms cash.
JOHN SCO TT, Sole Agent

riltiE THIRD EDITION OF THE SUN,"
containing. the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE,
"tube had Every Evening of
G. It GLhNIE, NEwa AGENT,
No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park.

:- -
The Weather—Sun Office, May 9, 1864.

THERMOMETER.
This day at Two o'clock
Barometer-29.53.
Wind—S.B.; strong breeze, with rain.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS Dior.—Morning, 4h. sm.—Afternoon, 4h. 28m.
ra-mortitow.-Morning, 4h. 44m.—Afternoon, sh. sm.

a..,4 utt
• ;w‘-`147, 4+4

LONDON, MONDAI, MAY 9, 1864.

Rather than make the confusion they have made
about him, Ministers had much better have left
GARDIALDI alone altogether. 'Tie certainly a very
pretty quarrel as it stands, and we wish them joy
of it! This confusion of tongues (in regard to
aeitixamm) between the working classes and her
:MAJESTY'S Government. There is statement and
there is counter-statement. Each of them as cate-
gorical es possible. One says one thing, and the
ether says exactly, diametrically the reverse. Hot
and cold, black and white—the discrepancy, here, is
not one iota less flagrant. Which are we to believe P
General GAB.IBALDI or Mr. GLADsToNE ? The
working men generally, on this committee, or the
pious Earl of SITAFTESBURY. We won't say, of
amuse, that there is hard swearing upon both sides,
or for that matter upon either side. But, really, if
we are to call things by their right names, there is
something as nearly as possible equivalent to it.
For example—the way in which the matter is put
forward by the Earl of SHAFTESBURY (every one
will remember what we are going to say who has
at all watched this discussion) the emphatic
way in which the matter in dispute is put forward
by the Earl of SHAFTESBURY is (such a needless
emphasis one would think under the circumstances !)
upon has, the Earl of SHAFTESBURY'S honour as a
gentleman ! A strong way of putting it, cer-
tainly. Ia fact so strong a way of putting it that
the statement 30
put will be accepted among gentle-
men as (what we have already implied it to be-)
equivalent to a statement upon oath. The same
might be said, more or less, in regard to all the
other statements to the same tfLet upon that same
side, the side, namely, of those extremely solicitous
friends of General GARIBALDI'S, who took more
tender, one might almost say coddling care of Gen.
GARIBALDrS health, than he was evidently inclined
to take himself. The most they coucl, any of
them, venture to say about his health,
amounting at the same time, after all,
to this--That General GARIBALDI looked fagged
and that he 'was troubled with a boil or two!
e Fagged !" Poor fellowl—what a pity they never
appear to have thought of supplying him with a
vinaigrette I "Boils !" Well, really one would
have conjectured that, even among old women, a

poultice might have suggested itself as an instant
means of obtaining alleviation. However, No!
Vinaigrettes and Poultices are nothing to the pur-
poses in this extraordinary case. [An Irish echo—
Very extraordinary !] 9ARIBALBI was looking
fagged—GARIBALDI, upon close examination, was
found to have a couple of boils on his arm? Away
with him ! Let him take ship at once for Caprera
Let him at any rate quit London immediately, or—
there would be no answering for the consequences •
A consideration for his health alone, in fact,
prompted any interference like this with the
general arrangements. They all said so: The
most eminent surgeon living put it as plainly as
possible, to that effect, in black and white. The
GENERAL'S immediate removal from all this excite.
ment was, he said, of the utmost consequence. The
professional letter plainly asserted that, it will be
remembered—though it spoke of nothing more im-
portant as visible reasons for the assertion than a
couple of boils and an appearance of fatigue. Mr.
GLADSTONE and Mr. SEELY stated pretty much the
same thing, quite as distinctly, though in a different
way. And, as a climax to everything, came the
almost clerical Earl of SHAFTESBURY with his ultra

positive statement to precisely the same effect " upon
his honour as a gentleman." So much for that side.
Now for the other—namely, for the side upon
which it was maintained, upon which it has all
along been maintained, upon which it is still
as emphatically as ever maintained, that
If'Sonsiderations of health had next to nothing at all
to do with GARIBALDI'S licensed departure.
And at the head of those who were and are upon
this side of the argument, who upon earth do we
see all along but the principal personage in the
whole malter under dispute ?—the fatigued looking
hero with the two boils on his left arm—General
GARIBALDI himself. Really, if he oughtn't to
know anything about his own health, who ought ?
It is for all the woild—under a more picturesque
aspect, of course, but otherwise precisely the same
—it is for all the world poor SANCHO, with the
banquet, with even the table-cloth, snatched away
from him, while his appetite is still
strong upon him ! Yes—here, on this side,
first and foremost, stands General GARIBALDI
himself From first to last nothing will induce
him to give the "state of his health" as a reason
for his Hurried Departure. From the draft of the
letter he is asked to sign,specifying that as a reason,
he strikes the mention of the state of his health
out altogether. Requested to say so and so, what
are we now told to have been his point-blank reply ?
My lord, I won't tell a lie." Then come the
other declarations of committee men, of working
men, and so forth, distinctly corroborative of the as-
sertions of GARIBALDI himself, and directly in opposi-
tion to the statements of Mr. GLADSTONE, of Mr.
SEELEY, and of the Earl of SIIAFTESBURY. Else-
where will be found, in our columns, this evening, a
detailed report of these extraordinary counter-
statements. But still, "elsewhere, this evening,"
it is to be earnestly hoped—meaning in the House
of Commons—that Mr. GLADSTONE will be good
enough to offer his explanations thereupon. His
explanations are really required—these astounding
eounter-statements being so very distinct, positive,
and categorical.

Following up the subject of compulsory examina-
tions for the bar, it has long been felt that all the
suggestions which have been made for the promo-

tion of legal education have been merely palliatives.
The full and complete remedy had yet to be dis-
covered and applied. Now, such a remedy the
Commissioners bppointed some ten years ago to
inquire into the arrangements in the Inns of Court

and Chancery, thought they had hit upon at last.
It was, in a word, the application of the University
system to the training for the bar. In the same
way that Christchurch, Trinity, St. John's, are
academic colleges, so Lincoln's lnn, the two Tem-
ples, and Gray's Inn would be legal colleges.
In the same way that the colleges of Oxford and
Cambridge are combined into uniformity of action
by the intervention of a governing body, and co'-
lectively receive the name of a University, so world
the various Inns of Court and Chancery be com-

bined, at least for the purposes of legal education
and a legal University. This new and important
body would have its chancellor elected for life, its
vice-chancellor, and its senate. The senate would
consist of eight members elected from each Inn of
Court, five of whom, benchers elected by members,
would represent the aristocratic element of the
profession, and three, barristers elected by barris-
ters would represent the views and feelings of the
general body of the bar.

This, in fact, would have been to throw the
regimen of this new University into the hands of
the barristers, as upon any point of difference they
would divide as 20 against 12. Whether this would
have been a wise regulation or not, it is useless,
after the lapse of eeveral years, to atop to inquire.
Such was the proposal of the Commissioners of 1855.
The Commissioners did not propose that the juris-
diction of their University ehould have extended
beyond the incidence of forensic education. In
point of fact, they laid it down in their 21st pro-
position that the Inns of Court should not be com-
pelled to call to the bar even the students who
have passed the ordeal of the University examina-
tions. The Inns were to have retained their former

powers not only ab to the admission of students, but
even as to the disbarring of them after examination,
subject to appeal to the judges. As far as
admission is concerned this proviso would neces-
sarily be a dead letter, save in the case of enormous
and notorious criminality. With regard to the dis-
barring of members of the bar, the powers exer-
cised at present by the benchers might with ad-
vantage be revived. The appeal to the judges has
ever practically been found to be of little avail, it is
so encompassed with doubts and uncertainties, e.nd
the judges are so reluctant to move, that the powers
of the benchers in the various inns of court amount
to despotic authority.
We suppose the aforesaid report was lost amid
the din of the Crimean War, as nothing has
been heard of now for many years. ve
e will,
however, as we have lately pointed out in two
leading articles, that there was last Hillary Term
appointed preliminary examinations in Latin the
English language, and English history)—just state
what the resolution of the Commissioners nine years
ago relative to the education of bar students
was. Their legal university was to have appointed

regular examiners who would have organised a
preliminary examination of candidates for admis-
sion as students• After this was to have followed

a more serious examination, or series of examina-
tions, which every person :who was desirous of
having been called to the bar must of necessity have
passed. The needful knowledge was to
was to havetohave been
divided into two branches. The
comprised. constitutional law and legal history.
The second embraced as subjects the common law,
equity, and the law of :real property. A pass
or certificate for a call to the bar was to have
been obtained by passing n in each
branch. The candidates for ono
ejetacnd for the
higher degree of Master of Laws must
have resolved to have grappled with the
full difficulties of the subjects enumerated
above. There was to have been one studentship,
worth X5O per annum, retainable for four years, to

arouse the emulation and tempt the ambition of the

students.

For further particulars of the proposition of the
Commissioners, we must refer to the abstract of
their report published about nine years ago. Suffice
it for the moment to say, here was the University
system of education imported into the metropolis
and applied to the study of the law. Without
pledging ourselves to an opinion upon any single
question of detail, we hasten to record our warmest
approval of the general principle. It is a fact that our
two great Universities do every year turn out good
mathematicians and classical scholars. It is another
fact that the Inns of Court in London have hitherto
not given an►y legal education at all, or it has been of
so permissive a character as to amount to a nullity.
How can we expect to have a succession of good
lawyers if we will not be at the pains of training
them ? Many reproaches have been showered, and
with perfect justice, upon our system of laws in
England. They are illiberal, they are illogical,
they are patchwork, they are out of date, they are a
mass of frivolous formula and tiresome technicalities.
The question is who is to make them better ? It is
is vain for a layman to enter upon the task, for all
the owls, bats, and spiders of Westminster Hall will
do their worst upon him if he dare to invade their
holy precincts with the faintest corner
of a duster visible beneath his coat-sleeve. Are
we to look for assistance to the lawyers themselves?
They are men who have been educated in two ways.
They have been shut up for a couple of years or
more in the chambers of pleaders or conveyancers,
with no higher objects of study than the draughts
of pleas and conveyances, which it was their duty
to copy and re-copy usque ad nauseam. When
well saturated with these abominable forms, the

aspiring young lawyer puts on his wig and gown,
and for a time in the back rows of Westminster
imbibes more legal knowledge from the lips of the
judges—in other words, he learns to do just what
his predecessors had done before him. It is ob-
vious that from such a man little can be expected
for the improvement of our laws. We have hitherto
been employed in tinkering away at our laws as
best we could to overcome the resistance of the pro-

ession.

From the moment that a sound system of legal
education is at work we shall find our task all the

lighter. We must train up workmen fit for the work
which an enlightened community has a right to
expect at their hands. The Bar has hitherto been
rather an illberal than a liberal profession. There
has been plenty of hair-spliting, plenty of acuteness
in cross examination, and of sharp practice not a
little, but with the exception of half a dozen great
Judges and Advocates, our lawyers have been
rather behind than before the great mass of the edu-
cated community. Another advantage which would
probab'y follow from the system of public examination
and public honours in law would be that it would
have a tendency to diminish the evils of nepotism
and attorney favour. Attorneys are often enough
unjustly blamed for preferring their own proteges
to strangers, but how are we to select from among
the younger barristers in the back rows the men
who are really most likely to do them good service.
Surely the senior wrangler in law will have a
chance given him at a far earlier period than the
mute inglorious MANSPIELDS who have pined and
died in obscurity under the present most disgrace-
ful system.