The Sun.
London, England, 1852-10-12 00:00:00

PERSIA.

We learn by letters from Constantinople that, in
consequence of a rumour that the Shah had been
assassinated (an account of which has already
appeared), the Curds and other mountain tribes
were in open insurrection. It is added that the Shah
is fast recovering from his wounds, and intends to
appear in public in Teheran as soon as possible.

DENMARK.
The Diet of Denmark was opened at Copenhagen
on the 4th with the usual formalities. The First
Minister read the following Royal message :
" Receive, Danes, the salutation of your King. It is
the first time that the Almighty, after years of hard
trials, has permitted us to address the Diet in the un-
disputed possession of our Royal authority in all parts
of the monarchy. Thanks be rendered for it, after
God's assistance, to the fidelity and constancy
of the Danish people, as well as to the reciprocal
union and confidence which exists between the
King and the people. The preservation of this pacific
and legal state of things, and the necessity of securing it
from all the storms with which it may be threatened,
form the object of our most lively solicitude, and we rely
on your co-operation and support. For the indivisi-
bility of the monarchy and its basis, and the order of
succession to the throne, which we desire to see estab-
lished on constitutional grounds, in the event of the male
line becoming extinct, we have entered into a treaty
with the Great Powers of Europe, and with the King
of Sweden and Norway; the Diet will receive our
Royal Message on this subject. Our relations with
the Germanic Confederation, which were for a long time
complicated, have at legth been regulated in a satis-
factory manner. We have endeavoured to carry out, as
far as possible, the resolutions announced in the Royal
Patent of the 28th of January. We propose also to
prepare, on constitutional grounds, for the definitive ar-
rangement which is to unite together all the parts of the
Monarchy. The state of the finances is satisfactory.
The re-establishment of our Royal authority in all the
parts of our kingdom allows us to make them for the
future participate in all the receipts and expenditure,
and to restrict the latter as much as possible for the
next year. A Bill will be presented to the Diet, in order
to regularise the Customs' duties throughout the Mo-
narchy. We pray God that our united labours may
turn to the salvation of our country, and in the mean-
time we recommend you to the Divine protection."

THE AUSTRALIAN MAIL PACKETS.
PLYMoUTII, OCT. 9.—The Australian Royal Mail
Steam Navigation Company's iron screw-steam ship
Melbourne, Commander James Arthur Cox, which
left Gravesend on Friday, the Ist inst., arrived here
on Friday, the Bth. She was appointed to sail from
Plymouth with the mails on Sunday, :the 4th.
Her detention has caused some anxiety to a con-
siderable number of passengers, who have been
waiting her arrival at this port. It appealrs
that the Melbourne left Gravesend at 5 P.m. on Fri-
day, getting through the Queen's Channel tbe same
night. On Saturday she passed the Downs as far as
Beachy Head, where she met a fearful gale from
S.S.W. to W., the barometer being at 29.6. The
misers topsail was set with difficulty, the steam was
kept going easy, and the vessel's head brought up
to the wind on the starboard tack. In this position
a heavy squall rolled her main and mizen top-
gallant-masts over the side. About 5 or 6
P.M. it was reported to Captain Cox that
a large quantity of water was on the gun-deck, and
all the pumps were put to work.. At 10 P.M., by
a sudden lurch, the deck spars were set adrift; and at
12, there being no decrease in the water, the ship, after
a consultation, bore up for the Downs, where she an-
chored with 120 fathoms of chain, the barometer
being at 29 10. It was not until Sunday, about 4 P.M.,
that the water was got out of her. The leakage came
in through the lower ports and the waterclosets ; the
lower ports are each fitted with two half-doors, one
opening upwards, the other down; the latter were
said to be caulked at Woolwich, but it will be
readily perceived that any attempt to caulk one-half
the ports must be insufficient, especially in a ship
constructed like the Melbourne. When the ship
plunged in heavy weather the sea was forced up
through the soil pipes of the two closets on either
side of the bow, and of the two on the larboard
quarter. These closets will be removed, and other
accommodations adopted. ,The intention, in
caulking the lower halves only of the lower
ports, was to give extra ventilation in the tropics, but
the ports will now be fastened, and caulked above
and below, and ventilation will be attained by brass
scuttles and by cowl pipes from the deck. The en-
gines of the Melbourne are new, by Rennie; the
crank shaft bearings got heated coming down Chan-
nel, and it was also found that the wooden cogs of
one of the wheels were rather thrown out of '
order by the water used in lubricating the iron
work. With these exceptions the engines are in capital
order, and perfect throughout. It is understood that
the directors are prepared to make every reasonable
allowance for the inconvenience to passengers caused
by the detention of the ship. On Saturday morning
she was placed alongside the Vigo hulk, in Hamoeze,
and instructions from the Admiralty having preceded
her, the Port- Admiral, the Commodore Superintendent,
Mr. Edye, the master builder, Mr. Mills, master-
attendant, and Mr. Stuart, engineer, made every ar-
rangement for the prompt repairs of the ship, which,
it is hoped, will be ready for sea by Tuesday evening.
The Australian, belonging to the same company,
which left Plymouth on the sth June, was due at
Sydney on the 14th September, and should be now on
her homeward passag?, between St. George's Sound
and the Cape. The Sydney, which left on the 3d of
August, will be near St. George's Sound on ber out-
ward passage. It.is understood that the.directors are
negotiating with the Government for the establish-
ment of a monthly, instead of a bi-monthly, postal
communication with the Australian colonies a
most desirable measure, now that the traffic is so
much increased. By the agreement with the di-
rectors the commanders of these steamers can, in the
event of losing seamen at the colonies, obtain hands
from any of the ships belonging to her Majesty's
navy. At seven o'clock this evening a meeting
of dissatisfied passengers, convened by public adver-
tisement, was held in tbe Royal Hotel, Mr. Robert
Mellor, second cabin passenger, in the chair. Mr.
Marshall, secretary to the company, Captain Cox,
Mr. Walcot, jun., shipping agent in London, and Mr.
Wilcocks, the company's agent here, were present,
and gave such explanations as induced the proposer
of a condemnatory resolution to withdraw it, and
caused an expression of satisfaction from all assembled.

ASTONISHING ARRIVALS OF GOLD AT
THE MELBOURNE TREASURY.

We have the pleasure of publishing the following
extract from the Melbourne Morning Herald of June 25,
in confirmation of the startling intelligence from private
sources, contained in a recent Times money article:—
" The escort from Mount Alexander gold fields came
in yesterday at 3 P.M. with 19,032 oz. of gold, conveyed
by packhorses. We have been accustomed to chronicle
extraordinary events in these exciting times, but never
have we been so completely • staggered' as when hearing
from official authority, the immense quantity of gold
collected at the Mount, waiting transit to the city. When
yesterday's escort left the Mount there remained eighty-
six thousand ounces still on hand, which are to come
down early next week, by two esoorts, which have been
provided for the express purpose. This amazing quan-
tity, it will be remembered, is altogether distinct and in-
dependent of the ton weight we have already announced,
as waiting the return of Mr. Dight's private company,
and also of the large quantity brought down during the
last few days by private hands. Last week the amount
of gold received at the treasury alone exceeded ninety-
one thousand ounces; and the week before eighty thou-
sand ounces. This week it will exceed one hundred and
five thousand ounces! Where on earth will it all end?"
—Australian and New Zealand Gazette.

ROYAL THAMES YACHT CLTJB.—The first of the
winter monthly meetings of this distinguished club was held
on Wednesday evening. Mr. Green, the vice-commodore,
presided, in the absence of Lord Alfred Paget, the gallant
commodore. Sir Thomas Whichcote, Bart., and a number of
other gentlemen of position, having been balloted for and duly
elected, Mr. Wheeler, the treasurer, proceeded through the
receipts and disbursements of the club, from which it ap-
peared that, over and above the 9001. in the Console, the
funds are in so flourishing a condition that upwards of 270/.
is in hand. A letter recommending the appointment of M.
de Lareux as the club's agent at Dieppe was submitted to the
consideration of members, and U. de Lareux honoured with
the appointment. Some gentlemen having been proposed for
ballot at the next meeting, closed the evening's business.
LOSS BY THE INUNDATIONS OF THE RHINE.--It
has been officially ascertained that 22 communes were more
or less devastated by the reeent inundations of the Rhine,
and that the total loss exceeds 2,000,000 f. The authorities
of the hospitals of Haguenau, Wesaemburg, and Lauterburg
have ordered the children belonging to families who have
suffered most to be received in those hospitals and tempo-
rarily taken care of.
RAILWAY AMALGAMATION.,--An arrangement has
been made by the boards of directors of the ork, New-
castle, and Berwick, and York and
.North Midland, and.
Leeds Northern Railway Companies, which waits the con-
firmation of the shareholders of the three companies. The
arrangement is of the nature of a
pertra centagecamal of thegamation, neteach
company taking a certain annual
traffic receipts of the united concern, and dividing such net
receipts among the shareholders of the respective companies.
ange
niteongte
pt hr
ne
Ther
sha shareholders
r tl
yatrne
considerold ers of eachcompany
a ll
dae
terinin
e
posed.—Bradlord Observer. yas wtoilithbee calledarrangement
We ere requested to mention that the securities
referred to in the protest of the Bank of Portugal, described
on the Bth inst.; had no connexion with the guarantee to be
accorded to Mr. Ilislop's proposed railway from Lisbon to
Santarem, and thence to the frontier. The project for which
they are understood to have been taken is the " Northern
Railway "from Santarem to Oporto, which has not yet re-
ceived any Legislative sanction.— Times.
THE CHANCELLOUSUIP.--Tiae declaration in favour
of Lord Derby has been signed by nearly 1,20 members of
convocation, including the Bishops of Oxford, Exeter, Ripon,
Bath and Wells, Salisbury,
Chiehester, Antigua, and Cape
Town. Eighteen heads of houses have also appended their
names.
A VERITABLE MISER.—ael at Bellagby, on the
Ist instant, Rachel M.`Cartney, aged 67. Through careful
dealing and wretchedly penurious habits she managed
to
save a considerable sum of money. A short time before her
death she swallowed 50 notes of I/. each, and also some so-
vereigns. Rarely has there been such an instance of the
auri sacra fames, "the ruling passion strong in death." In
her wretched pallet and on her personl
were found, after
death, large sums of money.