The Sun.
London, England, 1852-03-25 00:00:00

Y:/`
On the Ist of April extra shipwrigleill be plai
on the St. Jean d'Acre and PI cebe; e latter will e
launched in the summer. Fit teen caulkers are to bo Eclat
from Devonport to P,mbroke dotlyc.r.s to exp. li'e the
Windsor Castle and two Irig,te4.
WOOLWICH, MARCH 24..-The Anlelope steam-
vessel, Liruienant-Commander Young, lett Woolwich
yesterday for Greenhithe, and, atter having her com-
passes adjusted by Captain Johnson, will proceed to
Portsmouth and wait further orders.
The Pluto steam vessd,Lieutenent-Commandtr Webt,
left Woolwich this morning, and will call at Ports-
mouth, and then proceed for service on the wcst coast
of Africa.

COMBINA7 lON OF MECHANICAL
INSTITU TIO S.
The following lANr and set of .Qterici have been
addressed by the Socit.ty of Aris to the seer 2t tries of
the local institutions through ut the ceu..,,r. :
Soc.e,y of Arts, Matittec urea, son •
Sir,—l am direeti.n by
Aoelptti, M.ter, 20, 1852
submit to the conlittee of pni ,ur sttv ''
disti.d Novittolt•lt 4.‘"
c,,py of a lever ni the Council to r,qu-
ov tuber 28, 1851. 1.6.0 r.
:rry Che,tfr to the S. eretaiy tat :I,i- soeirty. This
utter bas been for tube tit;d..r toe ',erioua eon-
eid, ration ut the C.
It Watt be s*e-1i that the P 3616 Put
forth by Mr.- ph, at, r ar.• fourettfi ton Lis
of. of lii:i:ri.,;,:-,,,,,ari.tiirisetri:ei,,,:ri(eckilt,;;;Atipt;to. st.th.de
..n or
.21,7 Rb. 18,5•2,.t,i, efic:t,-,i IniCY
other perio 104%1 insl io:.s v,r)
favourable expr. of rfq,e(litt,i4 ;114i bo•GttitS
which-this hint,Lne. by adopnit
that getitleindu s pr-p anti
s tios into nia.,u with . the - society for. the eta which
his letter cententiriates.
The Cumuli is fully di,posed to ':sute'r, up,,n obis new
And iu.pur.sitt wok, to, vwed .that it can
pr*tirt..,u.ty
shown that a viii. t• ally large butuber of i.stittutotis
ate in favour of such fl< pr,e3,editig, 1.:111 sire di.poin.d to
avail th,mselyes Uf thp nthuilto4,e._wh,erk atly,/, an Li,
jit,n
with the Society of Arts might reascusbly Wed
to afford. The Conned dors nr,t desire-that your instt-
tion should 'at' once pl• te; the-adopiion of the
detail6of the encluad letter, but it is requested that, if
the general idea which Mr. Chester -has sketched out, of
a combination of local itiatitutiuns in union with the
the metropolitan Suei-ety of Arts be favourisbly enter-
tained by Jour institution, the queries in the enclosed
list may be answered; and that it may be stated whether
it'wuuld be convenient to you to names representative
to attend a nieetilig Which_ it is prup,,sed to hold, in
Louidon, soon .after Easier, for the -purp,,ses of a con-
ference between the,,,,r_spretent4tiveti of institutioud
the Council of this society, in order to agree in the
bust triodes of pruce.di,,g in reference to the wants and
wishes of the institutions, and to the society's means of
meeting them.
I cat particularly to request that-you-will be so good
as to favour me, if possible, with a reply to this letter
before the 10th of April next.
have the honour to be, Sir
G.
yourJ)bedient servant,
. GROVE, Sec. Soc. Arts.

LIST OF QUERIES.
Title of the Institution
Name and address of Corresiondent on behalf of the
Institution

What is the total number of your members?
2. Are you in favour of the general idea, which Mr.
Chester has eketched,:of the combination of many local
institutions in union with the Society of Arts?
3. What are the chief advantages which you expect
to derive from such a combination and union?
4. About whet number of lectures, of various kinds,
would you desire to have yearly?
At what seasons?
5. At what rate, on an average, could you afford tops),
for such lectures?
6. Which would you prefer,'
a. that this Society should receive from you an an-
nual subscription, equal to the average cost of the
lectures, and supply you with lecturers for the year,
at no further expense to yourselves? or
b. that the Society should negotiate, and make ar-
rangements, between you and the lecturers, and
(receiving from you a small annual cJatribution to
defray the Society's actual expenses of corre-
spondence, &c.) leave it' entirely to 3-c.. ,plve to
remunerate the lecturers upon such terms ns roi!„ht
be agreed on?
7. Do you consider it. desirable to have mew.' -7
exhibitions of useful inventions which have
medals from the Soci,.ty of Arts, provided that such
arrangements could be made by the Society as would
enable you to have the exhibitions without any serious
liability, aid with the chance of such exhibitions being
se lf-supportiog?
8. Is there any opening for the establishment of
Ehaaing School, or a Modelling School, in connexion
with your institioier,?

IN TITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS.
On Tu:sosy, James M. Keudel, E-q , esitiem, in tho
chair, th, first, paper read was " Ou the lie-übs of the
use of Tubu'ar aule.rs, or of Flue Boilers of Inadequate
Surtaee, or Loperfect Absorption of Mat," by Admiral

Es' I Dundonald. .
Tnis paver advocated the general intr)duction of what
were te: med " econarnical heat trop boilers," or boilers
eaviug verticAl water tubes, instead ot oblique fi;e
teb,,s, conlaieed within a eheaula-r, into the upper of
which the hot pr• ducat ot cumbus ion were introduced,
and allowed to circula:e te.til,, by the abstraction of
heat, they debunded to the bottom, and pass. d into the
chimney of a t.caperature Lille exceeding that of boil. P
ing water. Fr.,m some trials which bad bren made at
Woolwich and Chatham in 1844, a' well as from the
experience which 11:;c1 be, ri gained by th.ir actual appii-
ca+ion to wane of the Nopth Ameriotn trausatlactier
beam-pteltet., and s.ime in the service of the Emperor
of Russia, it was contended that these boilers possessed
greater evaporative powers, and were more tconoureal
than those ordinarily iu use; and, moreover, that their
safety was much greater, owing to the products of com-
bustion passing into the chimney at a very low tempera-
ture, intead of the usual high tempera, ure, from which
it was apprehended much danger had been, and might
still be, incurred. .
The second paper read was, " On certain points in the
construction of Marine Boilers," by Mr. J. Scott Russell,
M. Inst. C.E.
The author having arrived at-certain practical results
relative to the construction of -marine boilers, put them
into practice about
,ten years back, in designing the
boilers for the Royal Mail Steam Packets Clyde, Tay,
Tweed, and Teviot; and as they had been in constant
work ever since, running from 42,000 miles to 48,000
miles per annum, without material repairs, he believed
their durability, combined with effective 'combustion and
econony of fuel, bad been fully established.
The principles on which these boilers were constructed
differed from those generally recognised. In the first
place it was considered, that a judicious distribution of
the most intensely heated surfaces would be conducive
to durability; and for this purpose instead of returning
the flues over the furnaces, the top of the furnaces and
the hottest flues were brought to the surface of the water,
and the cooler, or return flues were taken to the bottom
of the water. The water was admitted at the bottom
and was gradually warmed as it rose, the great t
heat being imparted at the last moinpien„
of the
by which means the bubbles of steam were --,,-,7
vented from accumulating in contact with intenirsely.
and their
heated metal. In the next place the capacity
greater than
furnaces or fire boxes, was unusually large,
height above the incandescent fuel mu
r face for every foot of
tehhese boil, rs was
usual. The evaporating surface in
there being no less
than alsomt
three
morefeet (i)lfiaenv.cptioartaotmivaarysu,
furnace bars. The process of blowing off was I::aevaded
water spaces, as reservoirs for flues
for by arranging under theand furnaces large
The last paper was the collection and b10...:4
off of brine and other deposit.
Steam Generator," " A Dit:lterition of a Di.pb'f;ll
principle upon which
by Al. Boutigny. (d'Evreux).
L..12.110:61
this steam Lenerator was based
This being received a
was that " bodies evaporate
follow that in ttircioan only from
sstraunctirnioo7l:Botladisulb- e
their
reeicneasarily
the evaporating extended to
its utmost limit, or thee °lmetal
Lid bottlers, either
be so divided, and
its evaporating sutft. a water
b should be so divided, and
its evaporating atitfaces be so ltipltet, es to arrive at
the same end, of obtainingc'thee° greatest staOtlat of steam
by the expendiiet ot' the least amount ot fuel.
The stem", genereator was described to consist of verti-
cal cylinders of wrought iron, 25 inches high by 12b
itiches di,tmeter; the bate terminating in a hemisphe-
rical eed, and the upper part closed by a curved lid,
sual steam and safety
upon which was attached the u
•pes, ate. Tbe interior
valves, feed steam, and
contained a series of diaphragms ot wroug t iron, pierced
with a number of ea fps
and having alternately con-
tuses. They weie Busrpnded by
vex and concave su!.l .
es st given distances apart, in such a man-
three iron rod ,
s t be in contact with the heated exterior, or
nee as no
shell of the boiler. When any water WAS admitted
h the feed pipe it fell upon the upper (convex)
tdisc,b r )
u g which
the largest quantity falling through the perforation in
the shape of globules; the second diaphragm being
concave,
tended to direct the fluid from the circum-
terence to the centre, and so on, until if any fluid
reached the bottom of the cylinder, it mingled with s
thin film of water, in a high state of ebullition, that
being the hottest part of the boiler. It appeared, how-
ever, that in its transit through these diaphragms, the
water was so divided, that exposing a very large sur-
face to the caloric, it was transformed into steam with
great rapidity, and with great economy of fuel. Ihe
boiler described had been worked for a long time at
Paris with great success, giving motion to a steam-engine
of two horses' power. The consumption of coal was
stated to be very small, 7891bs of water having been
converted into steam by 182iba of coal in nine h"ors,
eUrli,
under a pressure of ten attnespht res.
The chemical part of the question was carefully
stained, and it was shewn, that at that temperaturet
ex-
he
iron was exactly strain. in the best condition to bear
The practical application On a large
scale
was
sub-
mitted to the engineers, the author having only
the system for small boilers and nnner circumstances proposed
o.
wanting to obtain a motive power in situations of re-
stricted space, and where first cost was a great object.
It was announced that at the meeting of Tuesday,
March 30th, the monthly ballot for Members would take
place, and the following paper would be read, " An Ac-
count of the drainage of the town of Richmond, Surrey,
under the authority of the- Metropolitan Commissioners
of Sewers in 1851," ' '
by Mr. George Donaldson, Assoc.
lust. C.E.

Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester,
we are happy to state, continues in the enjoyment of im-
proved health at Gloucester House, Park-lane. The vene-
rable Duchess, now the only surviving offspring of litng
George 111., will complete her 70,11 year on Ulf 26th thi
eafillhag