The Sun.
London, England, 1852-10-20 00:00:00

FRANCE.

We have received the Psris journals of yesterday.
The following are the terms in which the convo-
cation of the Senate for the 4th of November is an-
nounced in the Moniteur:—
" The striking manifestation wbieh has just taken
place throughout all France in favour of the re-estab-
lisbnaent of the Empire, imposes on the Prince Presi-
dent of the Republic the duty to convoke the Senate.
" The Senate will assemble the 4th November next.
"if there results from its deliberations a, change in
form of government, the senates consulte which will be
adopted shall be submitted to the ratification of the
French people.
" To give this great act all the authority which it
ought to have, the Corp Legislatif will be called to cer-
tify the regularity of the votes, to examine the details,
end to declare the result."
The subjoined decree follows the above :
" Louis Napoleon, President of the French Republic,
considering articles 24 and 31 of the Constitution, de-
crees--,

" Art. 1. The Senate is convoked for the 4th Novcin•
bLr next.
"Art. 2. The Minister of State is charged with the
execution of the present decree.
Signed " Louis NAPOLEON.
Countersigned " ACHILLE FOULD,
.... .

Minister of meta.
"Given at the Palace of St. Cloud, Oct. 19, 1552."
The Journal des Debuts contain., the following
note, regarding the liberation of Abcr-el fader :
" Abd-el-Kader surrended to General Lamoriciere on
the 21st of December, 1847. It is known that the Emir
stipulated, as the condition of his surrender, that he
should be transported with his family to Alexandria, or
to St. Jean d'Acre. General Lamoriciere, then com-
manding the province of Oran. accepted the proposition,
which was ratified by the Duo d'Aumale, Governor
General of Algeria. The Government of King Louis
Philippe received Dec. 31 the news of Abd-el-Keder's
surrender, and his arrival at Toulon. The 24th of
February, 1848, the Council of Ministers had not made
their decision regarding Abd-el-Kader. Tne `24th of
April, 1848, the Provisional Government caused
Rader to be transferred to the Chateau of Pau, where
he remained a year ; from thence he was transferred to
the Chateau of Amboise, in which he remained shut up
to the present day."
The inference which the least observant reader
Will draw from this arrangement of dates and facts
Is, that the Republic, and Louis Philippe' must be
held answerable for France's breach of faith with
Abd-el-Kader. Still it will be thought strange that
the Government of Louis Philippe should not, after
a lapse of nearly two months, have made up its
mind on a question of elementary simplicity. The
King's government was first interpellated in the
Chamber of Peers, on Jan. 17, 1848, during the
debate on the address, as to its intention of ratifying
the treaty entered into with Abd-el-Kader, the
Marquis de Boissy being the speaker. M. Guizot,
ia his reply, in place of declaring frankly and clearly
that most undoutitmlly the Government would ratify
the treaty to which the Duke d'Aumale had given
Lis approbation, declared that the Government was
0,1 opinion that it did not belong to a General-in-
Chief, even were he one of the King's sons, to en-
gage politically, without reservation or examination,
the King's Government, and that "in the present
question the Government preserved and intended to
Preserve, the full liberty of examination and decision."
If these words meant anything, they implied the
tossibility of the non ,ratification of the treaty. The
rrince de la Moscow, in the same sitting, disapprov-
itp,
of
of the language thus used by the Hon. Minister
°E Foreign Affairs, brought forward this dilemma
of two things, one : either you consider Abd-
!l Xader as a robber, as a pirate, or you look on him
!s a hostile general who has been conquered. In
the first case, have him hanged : in the second,
treatvaivehr, also him according to the law of nations." Gen.
which spoke strongly against the doctrine
e" M. Guizot had laid down, and in concluding his
t4inarks, said :—" There is now neither further rati-
fication nor negotiation to make—Abd-el.Kader is in
Your hands, he cannot enter into any further negotia-
ti°l.n. Gentlemen, beware of touching that precious
t 1
1, lug, the honour of France. Remember King John,
raneiB I. and Henry those first gentlemen of
theirl, 4ingdom ! I will on,l ad one word more—if
touch the honour of Fyrandce, adieu to victory !"
ev Guizot then declared that " the Government had
liaett'Y confidence that it was possible for it to conci-
zade respect for the engagement made with Abd-el-
It - ers with what was due to the safety of France.
ito was that task which the Government had proposed
f, iLielf, and when it thought that it had accomplished
ti'e`ue Chamber would decide whether the condu-
it: °°lne to was well or ill arrived at." The
fillgtiage
of M. Guizot produced a most pain-
au e".ect °n the public mind, so that when the
deb"ti°4
a, came on in the Chamber of Deputies, in the
found on the Address in that House, M. Guizot
Lardettaunodebi:inecessary to alter his tone. The matter was
d to on February 5, 1848, when the Marquis de
aquelein, iu his remarks, observed " that
existed Persons were struck with the difference which
/Zed between the engagements entered into by the
ver e d'Aumale, and the conduct pursued by the Go-
e_ennient. How does it happen," asked M. de Laro-
11!_iaquelein, " that when an engagement of honour
ITitsakbeep
entered in by General Lamoriciere and the
Go e (l'Aumale, Governor-General of Algeria, the
iebrerarnent now retains Abd-el-Kader in a fort, and
France
us in
• rana_ will be
as to whether the word of
that,
will be kept or not ?" Guizot replied
as " his answer would he the same in that Chamber
":1 the other. He had, in the Chamber of
t4ifeers, reserved the right of the Government to ra-
ofY or not to ratify the resolutions of its generals, and
be;the Duke d'Aumale like the rest ; and that right
Dlng So reserved, the Government considered it its
'3; to conciliate the engagement entered into by the
like d'Aumale with the safety of the State. It was
~(63.18 that the Duke had promised Abd,el•Kader that
4", 4should be taken to Alexandria or to St. Jean
,e) such were the terms of the promise—nothing
ed 3 re) nothing less." (Murmurs on the Left.) St.
as a,l d Acre, he added, was out of the question, b t,
lexandria belonged to Egypt, the Government
sauoula enter into arrangements with the Egyptian
Zivernment to allow the Emir to be sent there. The
eti"i°a there dropped. Now, who does not see
at if the French Government had at first frankly
ratified the treaty entered into, Abd-el-Kader would
not have been detained for nearly five years in confine-
nient 'I
The whole fault, the world ha); always
thought,o lay with the hesitation of Louis Philippe's
d:emu:lent in ratifying the engagement of the Duke
4a.uniate.
There is but one leading article in the Paris jour-
nals of
yesterday, on the release of the Emir, but
that one will be read with interest, for it is in a paper
Which cannot be suspected of a desire to flatter the
rioce President. When a journal like the Siele
e.sapresses approbation of the conduct of the Chief of
the State, it may be said that even party spirit is dis-
armed by it. The Siècle says :
"The Act of the President of the Republic, by which
1
he grants libertyto the ex-Emir Abel- el-Kader, will
°l3 well received by France, which admires everything
that_ has the character of grandeur, generosity, and confi-
dence. The sentiment which has inspired Louis Napoleon
is the same as that which inspired the Duke d'Aumale and
General de Lamoriciere in the treaty of the 21st Dec.,
1847; but Governments cannot always yield to the same
Instincts, the same emotions ; and we can under-
stand that the Governments of Louis Philippe, of
the Republic, and of the President himself long
hesitated before ratifying the promise madr, by our
young generals. Let us hope that Abd-t-:1 Kider will
not be ungrateful, and that he will know how to rec
nice the magnanimity of the French Government g.
he will be faithful, as the official journal says, to
swore,
faith, that
faith, and that he will not attempt to disturb our domi-
nation in Africa. Let us hope that the presence of the
Arab chief in the states of the Sultan will not excite the
Spirit of rebellion amongst the tribes who only obey with
indignation the law of the conqueror. In the words in
Which the President was kind enough
itot fdr:usersti,l
Abd-el-Kader, we remark this idea, which
and so true—that .6 Generosity is always the best e
hcieotuf
coun-
sellor."
or." For our part, we shall see with joy the
the Government often listen to this politic and noble
counsellor of all Governments. It will not allow him to
forget the Frenchmen, who, in consequence of our cifavirl
discords, are still wandering in foteign coup
from their families and their dearest affections
to
M. Bougueney, a political offender, condemned
t fixed residence at Vesoul, has been expelled from the
French territory, in consequence of his having ref used
to submit to the measures of surveillance ordered by
the Minister of Police. 111. Leclerc, another political
offender, has been ordered out of the department on
the same grounds.
An order has just been transmitted to Toulon for
thel Napoleon to be sent successively to Lorient,
Brest, and Cherbourg, in order to serve as a model to
the navy.
The Moniteur publishes the official returns of the
Whpte of the customs for the month of September,
51,,h amount to 11,382,884 f., being an increase of
',805f. over the corresponding month of 1851, and
decrease of 237,285 f. on that of 1850. The total
amount_ for the first nine months of the present year
7,5 103,290,658 f , being an increase of 16,015,251 f.
lthe corresponding period of 1851, and of
u ,441,986 f. on that of 1850.
en
.1:
obe Bourse, which opened firm at en advance: be-
.ma feeble towards the close, anti prices declined.
and 4-ne Pour and-a Half per Cents. opened at 1071. 15c.,
closed at 106 f. 90c. for the end of the month ; the
ar
yea Threeiaet
shares, Cents.r3orrthetilr ,n 5 2coBlfot closed at
s(aout
0e.8n;2, f. 20c. ; Orleans Reil-
is
a,ld
1,A;olois: ;98L7afr.is5a0n,d. Strasbulork9eves,igf7.n9;o6nlgi:3vr 25c.;P. 5621.
45P2:aerf:
Western of France, 700;1Ly ?ns and Avignon,
stern
and Cette, 648: Dizier to Gray, 0,)07. •
7oc.
BUSINESS DUN /,:73/77:t7-------
s :
aand
LONDONArig
Avignon,
te2livi X.xt rtiIEL::O- AcrnY. SI, 93i **2ll s
Lyon,. •
orthern
ba",,!_LYens, 29% —Paris and Rouen 36—0 Paris and Strbs•
171 g' 31i—Rouen and
/4, 1634—Westeia of France,