The Sun.
London, England, 1864-11-03 00:00:00

scenes of the war the Federal fortunes are no longer
flourishing. Southern papers openly state that the
evacuation of Atlanta may be daily expected, for
that SHERMAN'S position is such that it is impos-
sible he should continue to hold it. STANTON re-
ports that the telegraph is working to Atlanta, but
we have no practical evidence of the truth of the
assertion. HOOD is about to move to North
Alabama, where BEAUREGARD is to join him, and
the campaign against Huntsville, in that State, will
be prosecuted with vigour. The Confederate Gene-
ral PRICE has captured GlaTow, and was
recruiting his army preparatory to another
move. General FORREST has invaded Ken-
tucky, so that the Southerners seem deter-
mined to extend their operations. The PRESIDENT
has been making a speech, in which ho declared
that the people need not be uneasy with respect to
his conduct in case of his defeat in the grand con-'
test, since their will, constitutionally expressed,
must be law, This is a very wholesome doctrine,
but ABRAHAM LINCOLN has not always shown him-
self so fervent a believer in it, or perhaps he escapes
from the charge of inconsistency by never having
allowed the people the opportunity of expressing
their sentiments. Judging from Mr VALLANDIG•
HAM's experience, it has not been very easy to
give expression to constitutional opposition in
Congress, and what with the joint tyranny of
PRESIDENT, press, and army, there has been little
chance for a man of pacific and moderate views to ob-
tain a hearing. Fort Lafayette opened its grim doers
for rash opponents of the war, while in the press which
usually is the last remaining channel for free
thought and speech, nothing has been tolerated
save the cry of war to the knife. How long this
military fervour will last, in face of the mortality
in the army and the high rate of gold, remains to
be seen. One thing is certain ; however tired the
people of the States may be of the war and its
heavy costs, the PRESIDENT is not yet tired of his
thorny and uneasy dignity.

Lord STANLEY'S remarks at Manchester refer to

topics which now particularly engage the attention
of the public and call forth the powers of all those
capable of estimating their influence and import.
ante, The entertainment over which Lord STAN-
LEY presided was in aid of the building fund of the
Society of Manchester Warehousemen and Clerks'
Schools. The object was to found anew or enlarge
the schools for the benefit of orphans and necesei.

tons children of persons employed as warehousemen
and clerks. Certainly, in every sense of the word,
there must be a necessity for such an establishment
at Manchester, where, as Lord STANLEY observed,
a million of people are employed in industrial pure
suits, Clerks abound in a city so replete with
business; and there is not only the numbers thus
employed to consider, but also their circumstances
and position. A man in this capacity has not much
means at his command, especially at the outset of
his course, and it behoves him and all connected
with him to provide some security for his children
that will not fail them should he become impos
verished, or be snatched away from them altogether.
It is certain that out of such numbers some must
die prematurely, and it is the bounden duty of
those who are able to afford assistance to do so, for
with the best management, and the most careful
consideration, it is impossible to avert the oft-
recurring casualties that overwhelm the humble
classes of society in sickness or death when there
are no adequate means of sustaining them. Lord
STANLEY considered the various means of disposing
of the children of these persons. The Work.:
house came first in the category ; and of that
he said such a resource was in every way
to be deplored. A workhouse training was bad,
and it was against the principles of national eco-
nomy, for in this country to " pauperise a man is to
degrade him." The Union is not by any means the
right or fitting sphere in which the children of
those who are some way up in the social scale
should be placed, and all means should be employed
before this disheartening expedient is resorted to.
A second notion was considered by Lord STANLEY,
and that was whether the employers should take
charge of them, but this rather Quixotic idea he
puts to flight by saying that some employers could
do eo, and others wont. Besides such a course
would not be a desirable one to adopt if practicable,
for it would not be the right thing, and afford a
premium for idleness and carelessness in many
cases, besides leading on to extravagance in many
ways. The third alternative is some institution or
other to support these orphans or necessitous
children, and' taken in every light such a plan
seems the best calculated to conform with habits of
industry and a spirit of independence, and also to
provide the most secure means of affording useful
and reliable support for those who require it. And
the chief advantages of such is that it is partly self.
supporting ; that is, as the noble lord said, it com-
bines the principle of insurance with the principle
of charity. This is the best method of rendering a
permanent and effectual assistance, and it is, so far
as human foresight can suggest, the wisest way of
dealing with a very awkward question. The pur-
poses of the institution seem to be to say to
persons "if you will keep yourselves, we
will help you," and surely this is what
is essentially called for and urgently required.
A stimulus is thus given to industry that a man may
have means of providing for the evil days that may
be close at hand for aught he knows, and an in,
centive to providence, that there may be enough to
supply the exigencies of the present and yet to
anticipate the future, and thus rob the inevitable
trials of life and gloom of death of half their sting
and bitterness. Such an institution is a wiser pro -
vision for the young ones than the plan of a mer e
insurance ; because in the latter case much must be
left to the judgment of those about them, and in
too many cases the relatives or friends are apt t o
squander away the money uselessly, and in soiree
cases, of course, they may appropriate some part of
it. Bat when the sums are invested in an lint ie
tution, there is a certainty that the destined rec i.
pients will reap the advantages of it, and such a
thought will be, of course, an inestimable relief 1,0
the feelings of the parents, besides forming a sect te
rity to the State that these children shall not bi
come wanderers and outcasts from neglect, but halm
every opportunity of growing ap useful citizen s,
and honest and honourable members of society.
Nothing is more to be deplored than the evils that
arise from the want of proper training for tl ie
young. It has been said that half the crimes tal ce
place in consequence of the children having nothit ,g
to do; and it is a fearful reflection for those w!
waste fortunes in luxury or squander them in vice,
that these young beings are suffered to waste tht it
time, and peril their interests here and hereafter,
for want of the means of training and opportunities
of employment. Lord STANLEY disposed of some
of the objections that people are apt to make
against this kind of thing, by saying that they
seemed necessary to the requirements of society,
and in every class of business such institutions vet :re
the rule and not the exception. When many per-
sons adopt the same means to an end who have no
interest in common, it certainly seems that suclti a
plan is wise and likely to succeed. At all eve tats,
those who carp at it do not tell us how to fin d a
better one—and indeed it would be difficult for
them to do so. Nothing is easier then to find fg4 ult