The Sun.
London, England, 1864-05-21 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT

HOUSE OF COMMITS—Last Evening.
The SPEAKER took the chair at 4 o'clock.
PRIVATE BUSINESS.
The following bills were read a third time and passed :
Bristol Port EXt3II9iOII Railways, East Norfolk Railway,
Midland Railway (New Lines, So.), Oswestry and New-
town, London and North Western, and other railway com-
panies,

NEW WRIT.
On the motion of Mr BRAND, a writ was ordered to issue
for the election of a member to serve fer the city of Glouces-
ter, in the room of J. J. Powell, Eeq., who had accepted
the Chiltern Hundreds.
APPEARANCE OF LORD PALMERSTON IN THE
_ _

;HOUSE.
At half-past 4 o'clock Lord Palmerston entered the house,
an the formal business was immediately suspended in
order to give effect to the feeling of both sides of the
house, which was developed by cheers which lasted for
some minutes. His lordship acknowledged this testi-
mony to his popularity in the most courteous manner, and
appeared to be entirely restored to health.
ENLISTMENT OF SOLDIERS.

In reply to Colonel NORTH,
Mr. CHILDERS said that the subject of the re-enlist •
went of soldiers upon the expiration of their term of ser-
vice, was under the consideration of the proper authorities.
THE SERVICES OF THE GERMAN TROOPS.
Mr WHITESIDE asked the noble lord at the head of
the Government if there had been any communication of
an official character received as to whether the forced levies
for provisions would be continued in Jutland, now that the
Conference was sitting.
Lord PALMERSTON said that it was understood that
those levies would be now discontinued ; but a question
might arise as to whether levies that had been made prior
to the armistice were to be regarded as legal.
SMOOTH BORE GUNS.

Colonel LESLIE asked the Secretary to the Admiralty
whether it was true that the Royal Sovereign, cupola ship,
was to be armed with smooth-bore guns ; and, if so, what
reason there was, after the decided superiority of rifled
guns had been recognised, that a smooth-bore armament
should have been decided upon. _ _

Lord C. PAGET repeated in substance the statement he
had made on a previous occasion, which was to the effect
that the subject was under consideration, and from its im-
portance it would be inadvisable to come to any hasty con-
clusion in reference to it.
CLAIMS OF CAPTAIN GRANT.
Colonel NORTH moved that this house would, upon
Monday next, resolve itself into a committee to consider. of
an humble address to be presented to her Majesty, praying
that she would be graciously pleased to consider the ser-
vices of Captain Grant, and order him some suitable reward
for his services in improving the system of cooking in the
army, and effecting a considerable saving in the public
expenditure for fuel.
The Marquis of HARTINGTON said that the committee
which had been appointed to inquire into this subject had,
after careful consideration, come to the conclusion that the
saving which Captain Grant alleged to have effected in
regard to the fuel consumed in the cooking for the army was
not justified by facts. The committee had offered Captain
Grant the amount he claimed, namely, £4,000, although it
was their opinion that circumstances did not justify their
paying him that claim, However, Captain Grant claimed
more than he originally required.
The house then divided, and the numbers were—
For the motion of Captain North 7O
Against
Majority 3l
THE AFFAIRS IN CHINA.
Mr, B: 1X rER drew the attention of the house to the
present position of affairs in China, and condemned the
policy which the Government of this country had pursued in
reference to interference with the domestic hostilities in
China. He considered the instructions sent out by Earl
Russell to the British representatives in China as not being
justified by the circumstances of the times, and he accused
the Government of having departed from the professions of
neutrality by endeavouring to maintain the Tartar
dynasty, which was obnoxious to the Chinese people
generally. The hon. member cited the authority
of Sir Frederick Bruce in order to show that our policy was
merely calculated to promote in reality the designs of Rus-
sia. The hon. member eoncluded by asking the noble lord
at the head of the Government if he proposed to adopt such
a course of policy as would protect the commerce of this
country in China, and to extend it without interfering in
the domestic difference of the people of that country,
Lord PALMERSTON said that his hon. friend who had
asked him the question had stated that he had read all the
Blue Books having reference to this subject, but he must
say that he did not consider that his hon, friend had
derived any great information from his studies. (Laughter.)
There were many mistakes into which people even of
enlarged minds were betrayed by confining themselves
to general and unqualified principles. Such was the case
of his hon. friend, who, in his anxiety to main-
tain inviolable the principle, seemed to forget there
were such things as treaty rights, which the Govern-
ment of any country were bound to maintain. He
referred to the intervention of this country in the
affairs of Gr:Tce, Belgium, Turkey, Syria, Egypt, and the
war in the Crimea. We interfered in those events which
led to the Crimean war, and I do not think any man will
say we were unsuccessful. We interfered in the affairs of
China. And why P Because our treaty rights were in
danger, and our national interests were at st'.ke. How in-
consistent is the beginning of my hon. friend's speech with
the conclusion, He said he would never coneent to be a
party to throwing on the taxpayers of this country any
burden for the sake of protecting the trade of China.
Mr. BAXTER—I beg the nobl,e lord's pardon. I said
for the purpose of upholding tb..e Mantehoo Government in
China.

Lord PALMERSTOY.—I beg pardon. The hon. mem-
ber said, " If I have 'property in China I do not think it
right that the tear
.a.yers of this country should be put to
the expense of naintainirg my property in China."
Mr. BAY.. fER.—I said that was an open question.
Lord f.ALMERSTON—Ah I " That is an open ques-
tion." (A laugh.) Now, the concluding question he puts
t.. 4 me is no question at all, because he asks me whether the
Government will confine themselves to maintaining the
treaty ports, and intimates that he would be in favour of the
maintaining of the British interests in those ports. But,
sir, what has been the history of our interference in China ?
See the inconsistency of those commercial gentlemen ?
They are constantly urging the Government to make tree-
ties with foreign countries, and to extend the range of our
commercial intercourse. It was only the other day I re-
ceived a deputation from the manufacturing districts
urging upon the Government the institution of a different
organisation in the Foreign-office and the Board of Trade,
for the purpose of enabling the Government more widely to
extend the commercial relations of this country. And very
lightly that feeling is entertained, because everybody must
know that on the extension of our commerce depend in a
very great measure the welfare of the country, the abun-
dance of the revenue, and the strength and prosperity of the
nation. Therefore, so far from meriting the censure which
my hon, friend,
as a commercial man, has passed upon
us, we are deserving of praise, because we act in accord-
ance with the wishes and desires of the country. (Hear,)
it was long felt that China would open up a vast field of
commercial enterprise. It has done so, and it is this, among
other things, which has enabled us to meet that obstruction
in our commerce and manufacture which the unfortunate
struggle in America has occasioned. (Hear, hear.) My hon.
friend says the Chinese are a cruel people. I have myself
said in this house, that the nature of the Chinese people is
characterised by cruelty and perfidy. I quite adroit that,
but these qualities are not confined to the Imperialists, but
are geared by the Taepings. My hon. friend alludes to the
massacre at sotSooc. There was no massacre at aouchow;
it was, however, eacrna proceeding, and I will net
not justify what they did, but will only state the explanation
they put forward. What happened the other day ? We
have fresh evidence of the cruelty of the Taepings in
the capture of a steamer called the Firefly, which they
seized and carried off; and it was stated that four or five
of the crew were roasted by the Taepings.
1.-01- XEs—
No.] I believe their bodies were found in a charred state
with the Taepings. But in China those people who take
to making profit by supplying arms and ammunition send
home in high-fiewn terms the merits of the Teepinga, All
other persons bore witness to the atrocities of the Taeping
rebellion. Villages were laid waste and the people re-
duced to a state of starvation. Only the other day it was
stated that they were obliged to eat human flesh as a last
resource for sustaining life. Is that a state of things con-
ducive to the interests of British commerce ? Is that a
state of things which we ought to allow to exist in our
treaty ports ? ?Iy hon. friend admits that, as far as the
radius of
j the treaty ports extends—a distance of 30 miles—
we are justified, and it is our duty to keep those Taepings
from violating the treaty. However much my hon. friend
has studied the blue books, ho has not studied with equal
ardour the history of China. He talks of the Imperial
dynasty as one recently established in the country, and
therefore not having any hold on the population of the
country. If lam not misinformed, I think it has existel.
about 500 years.
Colonel SYKES -- 200.
Lord PALMERSTON—WeII, I think when a dynasty
exists in a country 250 years, England, at least, ought to
admit that that dynasty has a good hold on the Popular in-
terest, and ought not to be callel a foreign dynasty.
(Laughter.) To coma to the point, I say it is greatly to the
interest of this country to maintain this treaty, and to exer-
cise such powers as that treaty with China gives us. After
the war with China began, Sir James Graham, a sagacious
man, warned this house of the danger that must arise from
entering into warfare with one-third of the human race.
But I say what must be the advantage to this country if
we can enter into commercial relations with one-third of the
human race ? Therefore I say it is to the interest of this
country to establish such intercourse with China. My hon.
friend says the dynasty is tottering to its fall ; I would say
the rebellion is more likely to end than the dynasty. No
' doubt there are in different parts of China rebellions more
or lees, for that, I rPgret to say, is the normal condition of
more than one Oriental Government, which have not at-

tabled sound organisation, and which do not possess the
capital necessary to uphold strength sufficient to maintain
order throughout the country. However, I can assure my
hon. friend that the rebellion has been narrowed into a far
smaller space, during the last two years; and if we are to
specub!:ce on the future it is more probable that the reh_ciaion
is 'sending to its end than that the ... ,a IMP ,
- e... Government 1
will be overthrown. (Hear, hear. -Bat if the Imperial Go-
vernment was overthrown, what would you have 1' You
would have nothing but anarchy. Those Taepings are per-
fectly incapable of forming a government, and there would
be rebellion against them. Our direct interference has been
limited to treaty powers. We have given the Chinese Govern-
ment the assistance of British agents for the purpose of tol-
lecting and improving their customs duties, and improv-
ing their revenue, and great benefit has accrued to the
Government of China from that arrangement. We know
that last year two orders of Council were issued, one
authorising Capt. Osborn and some others, under Mr. Lay,
to raise a squadron for the purpose of restoring order in the
waters of China, and for suppressing the piracy which in•
jures navigation. I regret very much that the expedition
of Capt. Sherard Osborn did not succeed, because I believe
that if it had gone on, and if Capt. Osborn had been allowed
to direct it according to his views, it would have put an end
to that piracy which is now desolating all the coasts of
China. That order in Council, however, has been revoked,
and there is no intention on the part of her Majesty's Go-
vernment to issue such an order in Council again., Then
there was another order in Council, authorising British
subjects to enter into the service of Caine. Major Gordon
was one of those who took advalrage of that order. That
order in Council has been, revoked, and there is no inten-
tion to renew it.
(Dear.) Major Gordon, I am sorry to
hear by the last, accounts,
has sustained a check, and has
been wounded—l hope not severely. He is a most able and
distinguished officer, and one who has performed great
service to the Imperial Government ; and I must say that
my conviction is, that if the Imperial Government could by
his means or any other means put an end to the rebellion,
not only would they gain a great advantage themselves,
bat they would confer an immense advantage on the com-
mercial interests of this country. (Hear.) All I can say is,
that it is not our intention to authorise any direct interfe-
rence in the military and naval service of China as between
the Imperial Government and the Taepings, beyond tee
protection to be afforded within the radius of our treaty
ports. I think that it is a duty which the Government
owes to the commercial interests of this country, and I
am quite convinced that, if the commercial interests were
assembled, and asked their opinion, they would say,
" For Heaven's sake, protect our commerce in
China in the treaty ports, because that commerce is
daily growing more and more important, and is one of
the means by which this country has weathered the diffi-
culty arising out of the want of cotton from America." I
hope my hon. friend will be satisfied with what I have
stated, though, unfortunately, I cannot agree with him in
the conclusions which he draws, and in the objects he seeks
to have accomplished. My opinion is that the country at
large will be of opinion that the Government are doing
their duty in protecting the commercial interests of this
country in China, as del ived from the treaty concluded with
China—(hear)--that, so far from its being desirable that
the Tartar Government should be overthrown, and that
those ragamuffin Taepings—(laughter)—should get the
advantage, I am convinced that those who know anything
about China will feel that it is an object of the most immense
importance that order and tranquillity should be restored in
a country where our commercial relations are already so ex-
tensive. (Hear, hear.)
Mr. LIDDELL thought the answer they had just heard
the most unsatisfactory that had ever fallen from a respone
Bible Minister. The noble lord had referred with pride to
the extension of our commercial relations, and said that it
was due to the Government policy ; but in the very next
sentence he had spoken of the desolation which had taken
place, owing to what he called the inroads of the rebels. He
(Mr. Liddell) would ask, in whose hands for years past the
silk-producing districts had been ? Why, they had been
in the hands of the rebels during the period in which this
increase of trade had been taking place. The noble lord said
that the rebellion was waning ; but recent accounts had
shown that the material successes of the rebels had fol-
lowed each other in rapid succession. The noble lord had
defended the policy of the Government, and stated that he
intended to continue it. But did he study the advice of
his own envoy? Because, if he did, he would find that
the Government policy, in every one of its most material
points, was not only disputed, but absolutely contradicted,
by their own envoy on the spot. That being the case,
the Government ought either to disown his despatches
1 and recall him, or to follow his advice. He thought the
house had a right to expect from the Government a more
complete enunciation of their policy than they had given,
in the interests of that trade which they professed to pro-
tect. It was known that the Government policy was disap-
proved by the commercial bodies in China, as being preju-
dicial to trade. His belief was that, unless the Government
confined themselves simply to maintaining their treaty
rights in China, they would materially prejudice English
interests in China. The noble lord said he had interfered
because our treaty rights had been endangered. He (Mr.
Liddell) would again ask in what single instance out'areaty
rights had been endangered, or in which British property
and life had been endangered, except in the case of the
Imurders on board the Firefly, which were in the nature of
reprisals for the murders at Soochow. These were the sort
i of acts to which the civil war led, which had been pushed
beyond its natural limits by our unhappy interference.
Lord NAAS said that, as a discussion on Chinese affairs
would shortly come off on the motion of the hon. member
for Rochdale (Mr. Cobden), he should confine his observa-
tions to expressing the regret he felt that the noble lord lied
not informed the house that the new policy he inaugurated
had been a failure, and that ho intended to return to the
policy which had been laid down after the treaty of Tieu-
Tsin. The present policy of the Government in China went
far beyond maintaining our treaty rights, for we had inter-
fered to assist the Imperial Government in the internal
affairs of the country, and on a future occasion those who
opposed that course would be able to show that the interests
of our trade had been thereby very much endangered, and
that our merchants believed that the policy of the Govern-
ment had been in direct opposition to their interests, and
were most anxi one that we should go back as soon as pos-
sible to the principles which had been laid down by Earl
Russell after the treaty of Tien•Tsin.
Colonel SYKES said the noble lord had justified inter-
ference in the affairs of China, because we had inter-
fered in the affairs of countries in Europe. Bat the noble
lord had not considered that the motives of our inter.
ference in Europe had been to protect the rights of the
people against their despotic Government. But what had
we done in China? We had not there interfered to sup-
port the people against a despotic Government. On the
contrary, we had interfered in support of a Government
which was admitted and declared by our own envoy, Sir F.
Bruce, and by the whole of our representatives in China, to
be the most corrupt, treacherous, perfidious, and oppressive
Government on the face of the earth. The hon. member
proceeded to quote from a despatch from Mr. Burlingham,
the American Minister in China, which had been laid before
Congress, to show that the policy upon which the repre-
sentatives of England, France, Russia, and the United
States had agreed to act in China was that of the simple
maintenance of our treaty rights in the treaty ports, and
non-interference in the internal affairs of the Chinese em-
pire. He showed in what respeot recent Government
policy had been in violation of this principle of non-inter-
ference. In May, 1860, the Taepings took possession of
Soochow and the neighbouring silk districts. From that
time to the present the export of silk from those districts
had increased continuously, which proved that the Taepings
did not devastate the country in the manner which had been
asserted.
Mr. GREGSON expressed himself satisfied with the
declaration made by Lord Palmerston that the policy of the
Government was directed simply to the maintenance of our
treaty rights in China, and to the defence of the persons and
property of British. aubjects. He regretted the failure of
Captain Osborn'
8 expedition, which he thought was directed
to a noble and useful purpose. Re believed the Taeping
rebellion to be on the decline;
Mr. A. KINNAIRD adduced the testimony of Admiral
Sir James Hope to ehow the bad faith of the Taepings,
ASHA.NTER.
Sir J. PAKINGTON asked what causes had led to
the war with the King of Ashantee ; and whether there
was any prospect of her Majesty's troops being relieved
from the destructive effects of that climate by a peaceful
and expressed
solution of the question. He wanted to know, he said, not
only what were the causes, but what were the objects of the
war. He described the destructive effects of the climate
recautione taie
upon the negro as well as the European troops,
ovwf
ofearrtrnh,
securingl
met] the
stptrpaai
theri
,a
athinoe
a hope that the policy in which the war originated would be
troopsani tthilee views of the Go-
vernment a stop to.
Mr CARDWELL explained very fully the ortgin of the
in engaging in it, the stateof affairs up to the date
dan health
hhine oadfd6ettheteriar iitri
,:ttion of the 00-tenement
upon the receipt of these ad'-kes.
A few remark,.
---- were made by Sir J. HAY, and the
house then went i-.
-de committers of supply on the Civil Ser-
vices Estimatr.„ ; soou sitter which the house was counted
out at halfepae 7 o'clock.

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THE CIRCASSIAN EXOPTY'

--.JO,

(From Me

Awes Correspondent.)
CONSTANTINOLE, May th
The Circassians continuo to potir into the country
in vast numbers. Wasted by horrible privations
and disease, they flock in utter destitution in such
localities as have been temporarily awarded to
them. The hard fate of these unfortunate creatures
has not in any way dbterred others from running
the same Has rather than endure the cruel domina-
nation of the Russians. Indeed, there can now be
no reason for doubting that Russia is determined to
drive these tribes out of their native mountains, and
is pursuing the most inhuman system to secure this
end. They are literally driven into the sea by their
conquerors, and the full extent of the cruelties to
which they are subjected will never be known, nor
can the fearful loss of life which has thinned their
ranks be ever faithfully recorded. The Turkish
Government is giving such assistance as it can ; but
unless a proper system be adopted for disposing of
the emigrants the movement must inevitably result
in ruin and disaster. In order to establish such a
system a considerable sum of money—estimated at
£l,soo,ooo—should be set aside for the purpose,
and this the Turks, with the limited resources at
the command of the Treasury, cannot provide,
unless, indeed, they have recourse to a loan for this
special object. The subject is attracting consider-
able attention. I understand that the English and
French Ambassadors have sent full reports to their
respective Governments, and have pointed out the
necessity under which the Turks will be compelled

to obtain financial assistance in the matter. They
have urged that Circassia, being now lost, some-
thing should be done to save the Circassians.
It is true that the Turkish Government has come
rather prominently before the public of late years
as an eager borrower, and it is a question how
far capitalists will be disposed to haw oar
and encourage a client so insatiable in his thirst for
pecuniary accommodation; but with a special object
of this nature in view, with a satisfactory guarantee,
and with a distinct pledge secured by proper super-
vision that this money will be used for the purposes
for which it is raised, and no others, it is not im •
probable that the Turks, who up to the present
time have kept their engagements with the public
faithfully, may be able to obtain the needful amount.
In this or in some other manner something must be
done to relieve the misery of this suffering multi-
tude, and save them from impending destructive.
It would not be creditable to humanity that 300,000
human beings should be allowed to suffer and perish
without an attempt being made to extricate them
from their cruel position.
It has been said before, and it is perfectly obvious,
that if proper measures be adopted to direct this
movement into a good channel the advantages which
will accrue to the Turkish Empire will be consider-
able. In the construction of roads, in the develop-
ment of agriculture, more particularly in reference
to the growth of cotton, in supplying a new resource
for the recruitment of the army—in these and other
ways it is the opinion of competent persons that
the Government might make good capital of this
movement. I do not know in what precise
form the Porte will present this question to the
public, bat if it should be in the nature of a loan
contracted with European capitalists such stipula-
tions should be made as will secure a proper use
for the fund, and it would be wise and prudent that
the commission which is to dispense it should com-
prise some practical Europeans experienced in
matters of emigration and colonisation. Indeed, the
advice and assistance which we were enabled to
afford to the Turks in matters of finance through
the medium of Mr. Foster has proved so ad-
vantageous, there is no reason why, under the same
conditions, sonic ,English officials should not be
placed at the disposal of the Turkish Government
to advise these in a matter in which they are com-
paratively ignorant.
I have had occasion frequently to allude to the
short loans which the Treasury has been obliged to
contract from time to time to meet such pressing de-
mands as cannot wait the slow process of realisa-
tion of the revenue. The time was when these loans,
contracted on usurious rates, contributed to swell to
a greet bulk the floating debt. They are now raised
upon terms more proportionate to the rate of their
foreign debt; and as there is not only willingness
but eagerness on the part of capitalists to take them
upon those terms, it must be taken as an indication
that Tat kish credit is established on a better basis
than when the rate of interest for these short loans
varied between 30 and 50 per cent. ; but still, after
the measures which were adopted for creating a
reserve fund, and which were believed to be suffi-
cient to enable the Government to tide over the
time of trial which immediately precedes the col-
lection of the revenue, some disappointment is felt
that the Treasury should so constantly have re-
course to this system of borrowing. Within the
last three weeks two loans of this nature have been
concluded; the ens may be looked upon as a Euro-
pean loan, although it is not to be issued to the
public, being in a few hands, comprising some
European bankers, and also a portion of the local
financial element. The Imperial Ottoman Bank
has also taken a share in it. The amount is
£BOO,OOO, at 10 per cent. interest, and 2 per cent.
commission, which makes it a little higher than
their foreign 6 per cent. loans, quoted at about 70.
It is to be repaid in six months, and is guaranteed
upon certain unappropriated portions of the Cus-
toms' revenue. The contractors of this loan have
undertaken to liquidate the coupons and the sink-
ing fund of the Consolides which have just fallen
due. The other loan, for £250,000, is of a purely
local nature, and upon terms nearly identical with
the first. The Turkish Government represent these
temporary arrangements as supplying the place of
Exchequer-bills, and not interfering in any way
with the provisions of the Budget. The system,
however, is objectionable, and it shows either that
they have greater difficulty than they admit in the
collection of the revenue, or that their estimated
requirements are exceeded. Turkish credit will
never be safely and durably established until it can
be shown that the resources of the revenue are suf-
ficient for current expenditure. It is affirmed by the
Government that this desirable balance actually
exists; the public, however, are rather sceptical on
the subject ; but an opportunity will occur in a few
days to test the accuracy of these statements by
the publication of the Budget, which is now in
preparation.
Kiprisli Mehemet Pasha, ea Grand Vistas under
the late reign, and late Governor-General of Adria-
nople, has been dismissed from his post, and has
received a pension, indicating official disgrace. He
had often been mentioned as a likely successor of
Fuad Pasha in case the influence of the latter de-
clined. He has always been reputed honest and
energetic, and his disgrace is said to be consequent
upon some arbitrary and unjust proceedings for
which his entourage more than himself seem to have
been guilty. Frequent complaints Were made to
the Sultan, who himself ordered his immediate
recall. His diemieeal removes one More eager com-
petitor for the leadership of the Government from
the path of nod Pasha, who is believed, if outward
indieatidni are to be trusted, to possess at this
moment the Sultan's entire confidence.
The first Meeting of the Conference on the sub-
jett of the Danubian Principalities was held yestere
def at the residence of the Minister for Foreign
Affairs, Atli Pasha. tab tepresentatites of 14.
land, Frante, Austria, Russia, Prussia, and Italy
e
were
trieeo
passed
present,sbe
ttthi
it:
ianonadot
i.!Enta :0 at et
Chamberhd
ee
tE eade
dedicated
iose Jpano °se ueodnn cvteeo
tittthiti
e
spirit of the Paris Convention, Intl
illegal. At the same time the principle oonis e g e
seculars=n tl
sation, upon terms to be hereafter decided by the
Conferences was recognised. The
do t
t
Tetihtieonnel?rdiay next,xdBmepeotsinedgoof
the Conference will take P
s
and when this trniibiesome q
the Pleuipotentiariee will take into consideration
the affairs of Syria and the selection of an impe-
rial Commissioner for the Lebanon, either by the
t official.
oaelnt
expire,. olfoD tahooreu dbyP
meanwhilete Pasha, au, wo nomination
iotuhs
ae term
etiintelligenceu o
of
ff e
e Roe
e
oirste
haaepbrpoouoi
ffint
received from Syria
;s
not calculated to /tepir
of aro
confidence
from ts'a'tit.ohtooryar, and is
arrange-
ments e
ments which have been adoptedi by the Powers, in
mtbpsetarbiadliopgro ..n .
Notwithstanding province.
concert,
rq nrtigoogv government
of tltisii

Diwanieh and Bussorah in the telegraphic comma-
nication with India; through Asiatic Turkey and
the Persian fl ulf, sebetal teesages hate been re-
beived here from India which give hope of a speedy
and uninterrupted means of direct communication.
Some difficulties arose in Consequence of the op-
position of tribes of the Sehat-ti-Arad; who de-
manded a subsidy for the protection of the line.
The Turkish Government, who have failed to bring
these tribes under subjection or control, are rather
sore on the subject, and have not been over eager to
listen to these overtures. Under our advice, however,
and with the prospect of a considerable revenue
consequent upon the establishment of a through
traffic, they have been induced to put their pride
and petty susceptibility on one side, and a pro-
posal is now made by the Sheiks of these tribes
which I have no doubt will be accepted. If the
Turkish authorities keep their engagements in good
faith it may safely be predicted that the Arabs
will observe their own part of the agreement, and
a permanent traffic may thus be relied upon. Too
much credit cannot be given to Col. Kemball, our
Consul-General at Bagdad, who has been indefati-
gable in the personal assistance and supervision he
has afforded to the line, and in the negotiations he
has carried on respecting it with the Arab Sheiks,
and which have mainly contributed in bringing
about the present satisfactory arrangement. Col.
Patrick Stewart is now inspecting the line in Meso-
potamia on behalf of the English Government, and
is expected at Constantinople in a month, to termi-
nate all arrangements with the Turkish Govern-
ment in the interest of the English traffic. Infor-
mation has also reached me from Teheran that the
land limes, which will make the communication com-
paratively independent of the Persian Gulf 'cables,
are progressing rapidly. The same letter informs
me that the Government of the Shah is considering
a variety of proposals from Europeans for the esta-
blishment of a bank and the construction of railways.
In the interest of the Indian traffic and in order
to connect the two shores of the Bosphorus, between
which there is now constant interruption, in conse-
quence of the frequent destruction of the cables
which have been laid down, the Turkish Govern-
ment are considering, and will probably adopt, a
proposal for stretching wires across by means of two
iron towers raised on the two points on the Bosphorus
known as Roumeli Hissar and Anatoli Hisser.

The Engagement off Heligoland,

mended. Now it is becoming but too evident that
the Conference can bring about no settlement ; that
the and,awe are bent upon the spoliation of
Denmark, confident in the cowardice of Eng-
land, intent to effect their designs in the manncr.
most galling to her; and, having acquired that::.
consciousness, Cie ration. has lost all patience. Lord.
Palmerston's prestiye. will not induce it to submit
its own. . The pleasure it may
tamely to tloisttehneinlogstsoto
le to compensate it for the
denunciations of Prussia and
abandonment Austria wi ek to the tender mercies of
lself in favour of a polie.7
that many people ,suppose
credit. Earl Russell with.
these Powerlls.onfoltDt SiesUnfiltra.:ll4:3
ich have brought us so
Lordmore Pwaolrmtheyrsotofntnteonbsetihonin;
charge upon Lord Granville,
ction. of the Cabinet,
the blustering dispatches wh
-Elston of
.the mea-
sures which our interests and ur duties a ailed
upon us to take. But if Lo:d Palmeroton
allows a minority of the Cabinet to direct its
policy, if he adopts their views, he must aceeyt
the responsibility of them, and the cour4ry wait
not allow him or his friends to plead that he is ina
favour of better measures. If he allows Earl Rus-
sell and Mr. Gladstone to do as they please he be-
comes responsible for thei: acts, and the country ,
which is now in no mood to be trifled with, will
make no distinction, except perhaps to treat him as.
the greatest sinner, because its confidence in him
has been the chief cause of the ei
isaster into which
it has been betrayed, Straws wi:
It show how the
wind blows, and the singular, unprecedented cir-
cumstance, that Earl Russell was vec eived ati the
dinner of the Royal Literary Fund with hisses s. a
very strong proof of the intensity of the nblic dis-
satisfaction with the conduct of the Gov. ernment.
Only an overpowering feeling of indignatioo would
!lave betrayed the gentlemen present at that ft
into a manifestation which they must have felt.
themselves, as soon as they had made it, to be most'
indecorous and unjustifiable. Even the inhabitants
of Tiverton, who are so proud of their represented.
tive, indulged in some very uncomplimentary cc.,
pressions about him the other day. The country'
will not find in such a perilous emergency any corn.
pensation for the triumph of the un-English
degrading policy of which Mr. Gladstone is the
champion, in the fact ;that it has for its Prime
Minister an old man, who once was a great man,
who once knew how to make himself the exponent
and the agent of English feeling, and who retains,
his mental and physical powers at an age when most
men are inttheir second childhood. Whatever sup-
port the Administration enjoys is due to the con-
fidence which the Premier has succeeded in inspir-
ing ; the country is beginning to see that Lord
Palmerston is but nominally at the head of the
Cabinet, and lends his support to views which he
has resisted in vain. That conviction once general,
and the Administration will fall without the
slightest; effort on the part of its opponents to over-
throw it. Lord Pc lmerston must at once vindicate
his position as Prime Minister, as the directing
leading spirit of the Cabinet—vindicate at once,
too, the care or English honour and interests with
which he has bCen credited—or his political career
will end like a burnt-out candle and another wilt
be addedlto the listof men of parts who have lived
too long for their revetation. The House of Com-
mons, which saluted with a cheer on his re-
appearance last nightm ill have no cheers for him if
he continues to address it in the vague, uncertain,
teside ; and it will give
and almost timid languago .in which he replied to
the questions of Mr. Whi-
no cheers to the most deca9d, emphatic language
the
unless it has some assurance that ths time
are all meant, and
words have been weighed and .
resolved to take a
that the Ministry have at last .
course which shall accord with the .snterests, satisfy
the obligations, and redeem the lost honour of the
country.