The Sun.
London, England, 1852-08-26 00:00:00

tleman would prevent his taking an active part in thel:r
proceedings, but they might rely on his zeal in the cause
in which they
hg iavd enbeen
ba
yn dlo archaeologyvaluable
acquainted
to
h
the objects of this were all engaged. They were all aware of
society. It had for its aim the pro-
motion of archaaology—not merely for the examination
ahrbielvie
tnthgoowfurngosmhmt
,tahenoe,lnumld
of old stones, but for the explanation of them, and de-
riving thatH moreuknowledge s
o: eTarulyr
Turner.—(Applause.)
show the
formedAtpep an appro-
priatetilsasoemy.b:o He
supplementdivitiothihitanoth.i_s
explainingtorly .maMn
the
eyn-
hdatihbdry
chronicle had been explained by those aids; toad nothing,
gentleman,
toen the ,
and manners of our forefathers—certainly a most valuable
part of history—than the book lately published b their
no hesitation in pointing to his book
domestic
architecture of the middle ages as one ofthe most
most
valuable contributions to archaeology. They were met
included
were the
often more
explained,
xadvancedplained, s operationsnci
c iim m
there to give their aid to the illustration of history by
archeology, and their objects were not confined to any' period or branch of that subject. The eubject of
history
commentaries
of study, and under that head documents of early date and
manuscripts
of great interest brought forward. Under the head of
early medieval antiquities, the history of the early
inhabitants of this country and of the Romans was of-
ten most interestingly illustrated. Those antiquities
consisted chiefly of small objects, but the subject of
architecture was one which referred principally to
ancient buildings, to the castles and churches, for
which that district of the north of England was
so particularly famed. He defied any person to go to
any county in which a more noble series of castles and
a greater ex
tent of beautiful architecture could be
found than within a certain number of miles of that
town. It was as well, before they separated, however,
ePlaced in regard to advancing arcliseolegical
that they should make up their minds, not merely to the
investigations of interesting works of art, hut to come to
some practical decision which was likely to further the
interests of archaeology :n this country: and with refe-
rence to that, he was anxious to make a few remarks on
the position in which he conceived the Government
should
and literary pursuits. It was hardly a question to say now
far Government should interfere with such subjects; but
m museums,
theeu courses, o f
though hetihnegy accomplished.
contained
many
relics
s
one great object which a Government ought to take in
band should be to preserve objects illustrative of the
arts and history of every country, particularly in that
in which they lived. That, he was happy to say, was
in
and Rome, had nothing relating to the domestic arts
of our forefathers. That reproach was about to be
wiped away, and he believed ere long there would
be found in the British Museum an ample collection
of British antiquities. Again, the Government ought in
eatery way to encourage the establishment of local mu-
seums, such as those of which this town could boast, tor
many a noble work would be preserved if that were she
case.—(Hear, hear.) Tnerc was scarcely a town on the
continent which had not its local museum, in which ob-
j ects of the highest interest were to be found, illustrative
lately
lynour
Greece
m
of history and the arts. Another object in which the
were of very great anti
Government could fairly interfere was by aiding in the
publication of ancient documents, such as could not be
undertaken by private persons. lie was also happy to
say that the subject had been taken up by the
Government, for lately a work which antiquaries had
very much at heart, the publication of the ancient laws
of Ireland, had been sanctioned by them. Those laws
which
they they were written was one which very few were able to
grasp, and, had the work been delayed a few years, the
probability was that those laws could nut have been pro-
perly explained. The preservation of ancient monu-
ments was also a question in -
which the Government was
bound to interfere.— -
i.dlidtt.hwe
as languageeontr
even in republican Switzerland,unbeeugn
the Government had totally I
(Cheers.) That was a subject which
ected. In France, and
law to destroy any ancient ariny
which was asso-
ciated with the history of the country
it was important, having due regardry ; and ho thought
of property, that power should be lodgedto the rights
Government to interfere in flagrant
instances inf thethe
decay or destruction of ancient monuments. He o
believed
one of the most interesting Roman memorials in
this
country, the Roman Theatre at St. Albans, was about
to be demolished by a public company at this moment,
and it would be in the recollection of almost every one
that a great number of time-hallowed objects had from
time to time been allowed to disappear within the sphere
of his observation. The last topic to which he would
advert was that of treasure-trove. In the present state
of the law, gold or silver found in the ground became
the property of the Crown, and the consequence was,
that a great many objects of interest and antiquity
had, to prevent their being Feised by the Crown, found
their way into the melting-pot. He heard not long ago
of a golden breastplate and helmet, of most elaburate
workmanship, having been steeddown from a motive
of that kind.—(Hear. Ile imitted that there ought
to be a law of pre-emption, bytwhich a person on whose
property treasure-trovoKas found might receive its value
from the State, in the stne way as if he were to dispose
of it to any private individual. The Noble Chairman
concluded amidst cheers by stating the pleasure it gave jik
him as a member of the institute to visit this ancientW
town, replete as it and the adjacent district were with
the peculiar objects of their study.
Ali
On the motion of the Hon. H. T. LIDDELL, a vote of
thanks was accorded to the President; and
Mr. H. HINDE moved and Sir W. LAWSON seconded
a similar compliment to his Grace the Duke of Northum-
berland, for his presentation to the institute of a survey
of the Roman road in Northumberland, called Watling-
street, and the accompanying memoir.
The company afterwards, under the guidance of Mr.
Bouchier Richardson, visited and inspected the Norman
keep of the castle in his town, the remains of the Black-
friars' monastery, and of the town wall and towers, and
several of the ancient churches.

The proceedings of the day concluded with a converses-
zione in the evening at the institution of the Literary
and Philosophical Society.
The historical section met this morning (Wednes-
day), at ten o'clock, in the theatre of the Literary and
Philosophical Society, first under the presidency of the
Rev. Mr. Rayne, and afterwards of the Earl of Carlisle,
who arrived from Naworth Castle about eleven o'clock.
There was a considerable attendance of members, in-
cluding several ladies. Among the company were Lord
Talbot de Malahide, the president; the mayor (Mr. J.
Hodgson), and the town-clerk (Mr. J. Clayton), of this
town; Mr. J. H. Hinde, Mr. Headlam, M.P., Dr.
Headlam,

Air, J. H. HINDE, who fLrmerly represented this tewa
in Parliament, read an interesting paper descriptive of
the ancient trade of Newcastle, and of the conaition of
the place sod tke adjacent borough of Gateshead in
Saxon times. He ascribed the origin of this great com-
mercial community to the union of two towns or villes
which were distinct from each other previous to the
time of Edward I. The one was called Pandon or Pan-
dean, situated a little to thc, cast of the town, in a small
valley svhicla still retained its ancient name, and the
other was denominated Monkchester, a name which
afforded conclusive evidence that the place was built on
a Roman foundation anterior to the Norman Conquest.
lie related some interesting circumstances respecting
1 Pandon, describing it as a spot where there were yet
itlhaerturetrat:
time of the Fleptarchy, and in which, after the dnei:
the bulwark furnished tbliye ancientthe
Picts' ic
b,:rland kept their residences, rotected
1 "Nietawr to it,
oti if
utsh
e° fßoarnahnttil: which had been built in the
nt which, he
niso, was a place named the Wall Ku'ii ,', site of the
suggested, might pos,ibiy be a part
of the
with so
Saxon village called Ad Muram. lives of the
many interesting events
in by° reasons which he
kings of Northumberland. For iv,n.gasi..iof Nortuby
iS in of ..Lonkehester;
adduced, he contended for the
Pandon as compared with the
doring
the municipality of
but both were eventually
iTegeremainder of the paper
many antiquity of
Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
the first six reigns
and commerce of the to during
conquest,wD particularly the coal
following the Normane
cV ot the lead mines of North-
trade, including Dumbrjand, subjects of considerable
umberland and
was directed to a considerLionofthe state of the trade
h, laved in former times, suggesting that
from Nortl;tuii-once been indigenous to that county,
locAalnininteeirdlttal
rreafnedrence to the export of beaver skins
that animal
Lord Talbot de Malahide and other gentle-
in
which Lort
to had
interesting conversation on the subject,
Mr. Made stating that in the loges bar-
men
-of export, showing that it was of indige-
nigaevn°;grtiand, beaver-skin was specially mentioned
las au article.
traction.
eons ex
Dir. T. J. TAYLOR followed with an elaborate paper
on the archaeology of the coal trade, principally during
the fourteenth century, which he occasionally illustrated
by a reference to diagrams.
An interesting contribution was alto read by Mr. T.
sorwma, ou the ancient lead workings in England.

SEABORNE MAILS.
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When made up m Fromort
1 London: whatwhen
_.PLACLS. General Post-cfliCe
ppatched. dna.
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America (by U.S. pkt.) hi!
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Australia (via South, i
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I •• • . Southampt.
Ditto (via Marseilles) N
Ditto, via C. of G.llope N • • • • • • .. IPlymouth • •Nov 30
26
Africa (West Coast).. Nll4th of the month ;Plymouth •Aug. 28
~ :: :. Doveri .. _
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Brazil • **
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.., '9th of the month Southampt.
Sept. 1
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e Aug. 26
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Cape de Verde .. .. N.2cl of the month .. r 1,67 g u
..
Aug. 30
Constantinople* .. •• IT 7th 17th 27th of mo B
.. soutkampt. Tn.lll•Sak
Central America .. M2d & 17th of inen..
Channel Isles .. .. N Mom, Wed., di rgouthampt. Sept. 1
Chili ..
Dover Twicedaily
France •
.. .. M bif,N Twice daily, • •
Southampt. Sept. 1
7th of mo Dover .. Aug. 30
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.. . • N 7th 17th2s,
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Ireland .•
Honduras .. •• • k°' ,',,fee daily.. .. Holyhead.. Twiceciany
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34
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•-- 15th of month Plymouth.. Aug. 26
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ten)
Southairp ,_,e
lishiaduria,itviivase..o.f G..1L0140..„
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Marseilles) .. 3.1 2d of the month.. Southampt• Sept. 1
Mexico • ° ..• _ll 9th of the month Southampt. Sept. 16
Madeira • - r i'ith,l7th,lStil,37th
Aug. 2a
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.. • • N sth 1511-, 25t aof mo Dover Sept.R 2
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F,,pal IP' „. _ Mi7th 17th 27th ef inso' South ampt. Sept. 6
rcainsuia • •
1 th flint• Sept. 1
• DI .4
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Sept .2
Pero .-- • N sth 15th 25th ofme Dover '
Peru
M nampt• Sept. 1
west Indies
Malta* •• • •
.. ..17th of the month Sout •
West Indies (except
Havanna & Nassau) 111,2c1 of the month .. SonthamPt•
i ** The mails to those countries thus, marked (')
are conveyed by
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