The Sun.
London, England, 1852-02-05 00:00:00

GERIVIANY.

The following is the circular addressed by the
Prussian Government to all the states of the Zollve-
rein on the sth December last, in consequence of the
convocation of a customs congress at Vienna :
"By a note, a copy of which is enclosed, of the 28th
ult., the Austrian envoy at the Court of Prussia has re-
mitted to the Government of his Majesty the instructions
which he received from his Court on the 25th ult.
(a copy of which is likewise enelosed)—instructions
which inform the Government of the King of the publi-
cation of a new tariff of the Austrian customs, and of
She intention of the Imperial Government to open, at
Vienna, at the commencement of the yetii., deliberations
on a customs end commercial association, to be con-
cluded between Aus;ria and the German States.

" Before taking any resolation in this important af-
fair the Government of the King conriders it necessary
to crdl to mind, in the first instance, the deliberations
which took place at the general conference of the states
of the Zollverein on the subject of the formation of
commercial relations between the Zollverein and
Austria. Now, in these deliberations it was
observed, such being entered in the proves Verbal
on the subject, that there was no objection
that the Z3llverein should enter upon negotiations with
the Austrian Government relative to the conclusion
of a treaty for commerce, and that such negotiations
should be conducted by Prussia, Bavaria, and Saxony.
under reserve to the coneurrt:nce of the plenipotentiaries
of the other states of the Zollverein, if the latter should
desire it; on the other hand, no resolution was
passed on the motion which proposed that the treaty
in question should be concluded on the basis pro-
posed by Bavaria and Saxony, and the pro-
position made by the Prussian plenipotentiary was ad-
hered to, it being further decided that the Governments
of Prussia, Bavaria, and Saxony should arrive at an un-
derstanding between themselves on this subject and com-
municate the result of their deliberations to the other
states of the Zollverein. Although this resolution, as well
as the deliberations which preceded it, had in view only
the conclusion of a commercial treaty with Austria.
whereas the Imperial Court appears to propose the con-
clusion of a treaty, not merely with the Zollverein, but
likewise with the other German States, the Government
of the King would nevertheless have decided to praceed
to the preparatory deliberations with the Governments of
Bavaria and Saxony, which is spoken of in the above! re-
solution, and this for the purpose of being able to open ne-
gotiations with the Imperial Government on the basis of
the result of the said deliberations, and of the declarat ions
to be made on this subject by the other Governments o.f the
Zollverein, if it were not perfectly convinced that, the
present situation of the Zollverein, which has changed
essentially since the deliberations of the general cor ter-
ence, made it impossible for his Majesty's Government
to concur Kith any chance of success in such delibera-
tions at the present moment, and his compelled it to de-
cline for the present the invitation addressed to it by the
Austrian Government, which it has accordingly done in
a dispatch phad
dispatch
datedatchw
tahsi days of which is enclos ed),
w h
Vienna,said dispatch. addressed (a copyressministerthe King's minister at
Amhissador at Berlin.
and communicated in duplicate to the Austrian
" There is but little to add to the details contained in
the
" A treaty of commerce with Austria such as the Aus-
trian Government proposes, and such as we ourselvesconceive, should he concluded on a very extensive basis,
and.
c
this
cceorntsafiquuty cannot
comprise numerous reciprocal eon
c-
"s1"8' which, in order to bring about a satisfac-
tory result, should be able to count on a long duration,
44110 independent of every species of eventuality. But
niettoirtaibres
woiblitco,hinmedusetxbceeptlaiind
doomsu case
where the state offor
the stifling point of the
nefrociations shall muslin un-
changed throughout the whale' of that Pi) eri d, an el it is
precisely this certainty which iswanting at the p resent
ob-
tained, monde den,
untilatld after w hi
cthhe In
deliberationsf3re y er
on the
cannot
possibly
Ma
of the Zollverein.

not exce:?dicg thueaSClnosoet
-
anprgeroiLdtions on the sutject of treaties of COCC-
" The Government of th a King ,„
InQiCe which concern only th(!maintenanee or unimportant
modifications of the status quo—such, for insta.r.ce, as
those concluded with
.Belgium and the Netherlantis. A
elBntse3r
ifnortoohtestiVeydeator
period as short as this wo 'dd be utterly incompatible
with the character of the negotiations to be enterod into
with Austritl.

(Signed)

"MUNTECFTEL."

Malformations...
Premature Birth

Atrophy
Ar

BIRTHS IN THE WEEK.
Males ... ... ... ...
Females ... ... ~.

THURSDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 5, 1852.

with half the number of ships-of-war we have lying
rotting in ordinary, and with two-thirds fewer officers.
Our seamen should be entered for the same length of
service as the soldier, without rf.ferenco to paying off
6,lip or c0...L.;,,at.:1i:;14 z4.j 3h01.11d
be repaired when they require it without any fixed
rules in commissioning or paying off.

At this moment it is still further of immense im-
portance to the public to know how it is, that whilst
the French have a highly efficient set of admirals,
with but 30 in the whole various grades, we cannot
find an efficient admiral, though we have so many
hundreds that it is difficult to give an account of
them.

The simple fact, then, is (and I almost think the
subject may be worth another leading article. 'from
your powerful pen) that the rule of promotion in the
French navy is the reverse of ours. Their junior
officers, as a general rule, are promoted by-seniority,
but their flag officers are all selected is the most
efficient men in the prime of life, frem the captains'

list, and at a fixed age are put on a separate pension
list. I would bring to your notice :this important
point, that the French make their admirals at the
average age of 40 (the age of NelsonX► The English
now make their admirals at the average age of 70.
Here, then, is the secret why the French find 80
admirals sufficient. The French wisely say, it is of
no great moment that the junior officers should be
promoted by selection, as they only act under orders,
but they deem it of vital importance to: the safety of
the country that the admirals and generals should be
the most efficient men the country can produce.
In England, strange to say, we would seem to
admit that the junior officers must be selected, but
with our admirals it is of no sort of consequence. It
is plain that the time is not far distant when these
simple but all-important faots will have their weight;
truth cannot be stifled in this country, and the people
will soon think of demanding a good article for their
money.
My name, as enclosed, is already known to you ;
I need not say it would not be safe for me to sign it
here.

I remain, Sir, your obedient servant,
London, Feb. 3. A. B.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT,

HOUSE OF COMMONS, Feb. 4.
SMITHFIELD MARKET.
Captain FITZROY inquired whether under the Smith-
field-market Act of last session, which allowed the City
six months to signify if they would undertake the new
market, the corporation of London had sigaified such an
intention?
Sir G. GREY replied that on the 29th of January, a
few days before the expiration of the six months, he did
receive from the Corporation formal notice that they
desired to undertake the new metropolitan market, and
to defray all the expenses incident to it out of the Cor-
poration funds.—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. J. O'BRIEN asked whether it would be under the
present Act, or some other Bill?
Sir G. GREY said the Act of last session gave all
the powers requisite to erect the market, which powers
were to be transferred to the Corporation in case they
gave the notice referred to; and he was not aware
whether another measure would be necessary for that
purpose. He could not say, however, whether an Act
might not be necessary in order to procure a site for
the market.

STATE OF THE NEW HOUSE.
Mr. B. OSBORNE thought it right to state to the
House that one hour before they met on the preceding
day, the candelabra over the gallery fell down, and went
through the floor.—(Hear.) That would have been
rather awkward if there were any lion.
Members in the
House ; and he hoped some guarantee would be given
that those things would be properly fitted. He begged
to suggest to the Hon. Member for Caven that he was
then sitting lender a spot where the lamps leaked.—
(Laughter.) How were they situated at that moment?
Dr. Reid had informed him, no later than last night,
that the quarrel which had been going on for the last
few years between him and Mr. Barry had not ceased
yet—(Hear)—and until he was called to the bar of the
House, there was no chance of the House being properly
ventilated.—(Hear.) Dr. Reid and Mr. Barry had de-
feated every commission, and great as the talents were
of the Noble Lord at the head of the Woods and Forests,
he (Mr. Bernal Osborne) did not think he would be
able to cempete with Mr. Barry and Dr. Reid.—
(Laughter.) If it were in accordance with the rules of
the House.—[Here the Hon. Gentleman was interrupted
by loud cries of " Order, order," from all parts of the
House. The interruption was caused by a vain effort
on the part of Mr. C. Lewis to release Lord John Ras-.
sfll from the too importunate attentions of Mr. F
O'Connor, who, seated on the Tresury bench in close
proximity to the Premier, was apparently determined to
be on the most confidential terms with his Lordship.
Lord J. Russell, apparently not relishing his position
under such circumstances, rose to leave, but was some-
what impeded in his progress by the extraordinary inter-
fere..o of Mr. O'Connor, who soiaod the skirts of his Lord-
ship's coat as he was walking down the body of the House.
When order was restored Mr. B. Osborne resumed his
address.]—If it were in accordance with the rules of the
House he would move that Dr. Reid should be called to
the bar of the House, and give them some explanation of
the matter, for that was the only means by which the
House would be able to take up the question.—(Hear,
hear.) If they did not interpose they would have to
spend more money year after year, and besides, there
were many valuable Members of advanced age, who, at
their time of life, could not bear the present state of the
Rouse. He hoped Hon. Gentlemen would give him
their support, it not the House would not be properly
ventilated, and more money would be thrown away.—
(Hear.) His belief was that the House was most defec-
tively constructed for ventilation, and this defect arose
from the quarrel going on between Dr. Reid and Mr.
Barry.—(Hear.) Dr. Reid wished to be called to the
bar, and he (Mr. B. Osborne) thought that was the pro-
per time to question him with regard to ventilation. He
hoped instructions would be given to the officers to in-
spect the candelabra, and see that they were safe. They
should ascertain why there was a constant stream of
water flowing from them, particularly in that unfortu-
nate corner on the opposite side.—(Laughter.)
Mr. FITZROY suggested that the Hon. and Gallant
Gentleman, instead of pressing his proposition, should
move for the appointment of a Committee to take the
whole subject of the warming and ventilation of the
House into consideration. It would be productive of a
better result than the proceedings he proposed to take,
for if his proposal were carried out they could only ex-
pect to hear an ezparte statement. They must have all
remarked the intolerable state of the House during the
preceding night. There was a puff of hot air succeeded
by a puff of cold air, and there was an insufferable
stench. It was impossible almost to pass a few hours in
it, and how was it to be borne during a protracted sit-
ting. It was of the utmost importance that the subject
should undergo consideration, and therefore he would
suggest to his Hon. and Gallant Friend to give notice of
motion for the appointment of a Committee to inquire
into the whole subject. He (Mr. Fitrzey) bad intended
to bring forward such a motion, but he hoped his Hon.
and Gallant Friend would now undertake the task he
(Mr. Fitzroy) had contemplated.—(Hear, hear.)
Lord SEYMOUR thought that calling Dr. Reid or
Mr. Barry to the bar would answer no purpose what-
ever; it was better to appoint a committee to ascertain
what
,had been done, and what should be done for the
future. Hon. Gentlemen would remember that they had
agreed that the House should be ventilated by Dr. Reid,
and Mr. Barry was to attend to the other arrangements
of the House and to light it. The contest between the
different authorities had led to great confusion, and the
House was now suffering in consequence of it.—(Hear,
hear.) A great many suggestions had been made that
were not carried, and the ventilation that was intended
was not yet in full operation.
Mr. FITZROY—Has the Noble Lord any objection to
the appointment of a committee?
Lord SEYMOUR—No objection.
- After a few words from Mr. HUME,
The report on the Address was brought up and agreed
and it was ordered that it should be presented to her
Majesty in the usual way.
The House then adjourned at Half-past Six o'clock
until to-morrow (this day).

MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS.
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN
THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JAN. 31, 1152.*
Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ...*2 1 5
Diseases of Uncertain Seat ... 39
Tubercular Diseases ... 189
Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... „, 105
Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels ... 35
Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs
of
176
Respiration ...
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs ,
... 71
of Digestion... ... •••
Diseases of the Kidneys, Sze.
'l, a les of the 'Uterus, 8&e.

... 12
••• 10
••• 7

Childbirth, ...Aseas,..
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles
Diseases of the Skin, &e. ••• ••

... 5

... 24

... 46

Old .ige •••
Violence,• Privation, Cold, and Intemperance •
Causes not specified ... ~• 16
13

0.... ma
DEATITS FROM ALL CAUSES ... 1,002
•••
Population Deaths in corm- Deaths
Enumerated, sponding week in the
1851. of 1851. Week
West Districts... 376,427 .. 149 ... 140
North Districts.. 490,396 .. 188 ... 221
Central Districts 393,256 .•• 172 167
East Districts ... 485,522
... 214 .....• 199
South Districts.. 616,635
.. 318 ... 275

Totals... ..... 2,362,236 ... 1,041 ... 1,002
Males ... ... ... ~, ~, 501
Females ... 501

822
794

Total -.1,616
* In this number aro included 27 by Scarlatina, 36
by Typhus Fever, 13 by Diarrhoea,, and 2 by Cholera.

PRESIDENT OF THE BOARD oF TRADE.—We have
reason to believe that the Right Hon. Mr. Strutt, M.P. for
Derby, an advocate of triennial Parliaments and vote by
ballot, has been appointed to the Presidentship of the Board
of 'Trade, vacant by Lord Granville's promotion to the dike
ofkoreigr• t.:,:ecretary,—"ldvertiser.