The Sun.
London, England, 1855-11-03 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENINCA, NOVEMBER 3, 1855.

artful feeler, the object of which is to show that
the time for the resumption of peace negotiations
has actually arrived—that " there can be no fear
that the military reputation of the Allies would
suffer by a peace which withdrew their forces from
the Crimea ;" and that "it cannot be our policy
to push the War to extremity against Russia !"
We appreciate too justly the tact and ability with
which that journal has been conducted to suppose
that the se opinions are mere empty words strung
together without any ulterior object. They have,
therefore, oceasi oned considerable uneasiness and
anxiety respecting Matters to which we should have
previously paid but little attention, but which now
require the utmost vigilance. "England loves
not coalitions." This is a great fact, enunciated
on high authority, to which we yield a ready
assent. Such a coalition as that of BRIGHT, and
GLADSTONE, and RUSSELL, and the quondam
Protectionists, would excite universal indig-
nation
and disgust. It might annoy the
Government, but it would really strengthen '
its hands. We are convinced that there are
many true-hearted Englishmen, in and out of
Parliament, who would at once withdraw from
their ranks, and tender an honest and hearty
support to Lord PALMERSTON, believing that any
minor points of difference should be disregarded
when the national honour and welfare was at
stake. After the meeting of Parliament the
question would speedily be set at rest. There
therefore, an additional and very powerful reason
why the Session should be anticipated, and
the assembly of " the collective wisdom" take
place before Christmas ; so that the various
constituencies might be enabled to determine
what degree of confidence they could place in
their several representatives respecting that which
is of all others the question of the day par
excellence, and in comparison wherewith all
others are trivial and unimportant.

The oracle has spoken—Lord PALMERSTON, of
course, will obey. Our troops are to retire into
winter quarters, our navy into port ; soldiers are
to rest, feed, and drill, and sailors are to go to gun-
practice, till the season of military hybernation is
over. No news, or as the Russians have it, "nothing
new" from Balakiava, is to be literally good news.
M. COYER is to be second in command, and a
modern FABIUS commander-in-chief. Sits volrere
TEMPORA.

It may be useless for the Dii Minoru to mut-
ter and rebel, yet they may be permitted perhaps
to have a word or two on the question of universal
interest. What is the present position of Russia/
The best-informed correspondents from St. Peters-
burg, and from other parts where Russian feeling
is best known, represent all classes as very gloomy
and disheartened,trade ruined, and money exceed-
ingly scarce. Indeed the Russian trade has been
always chiefly carried on with foreign capital ;
this during the War is either retained at home, or
employed on the armies which now hold her soil.
Her levies of new troops, exceeding anything de,
minded hitherto, must also sadly impoverish her
nobles, whose wealth consists in serf labour ; while
they are also required to furnish the recruits in
great part with an outfit. It is mush the same
as if, in addition to 410 per cent. income tax,
our farmers were compelled to give up to Govern-
ment the horses and implements with which they
till the soil. The serfs are the horses of the
Russian landlord, so far as the income of his
estate is concerned. The recent but tardy con-
firmation by the Cziu of the ancient privileges of
the nobles indicates that he first attempted to
deter them from opposition by intimidation, but
finding this hazardous, he has made a virtue of
necessity, and endeavoured to purchase acquies-
cence in his ruinous demands on their incomes by
an act of mere Imperial honesty.
In a military aspect Sir CHARLES WOOD has
left Russia we should say stronger for next spring
in the Baltic than at the beginning of the year,
since all that is vulnerable in Sweaborg has been ,
destroyed only to convert the place into a Gib-
raltar, and Sweden and Denmark remain where
they were. In the Black Sea matters are better.
The Sea of Azoff has been pretty well swept, only
rather too late. We are no longer cooped up in
the trenches, though the harbour of Sebastopol is
still useless to us ; and we are perfect masters of
the estuary of the Dnieper and the Boug. Of
the Russian position it must be confessed our in-
formation is yet but obscure. Wo are but iin-
perfectly acquainted with the number of troops
in garrison or reserve from Perekop to Odessa,
and up to Poland itself. The probability is that
they are not much more than sufficient for the
defence of the towns. A still greater
mystery is the Russians' means of supporting the
Army which now occupies the Crimea through
the winter. It seemed impossible when we had
cleared the Sea of Azoff, and established ourselves
at Eupatoria, that the Tchorgou, or any other
route, could supply an army of one hundred
or one hundred and fifty thousand men. The
Russians who fell at the battle of Tchernaya
were seemingly half-starved, and it was thought
that food itself could not long be brought in
sufficient quantity. Oa this point alone would
now seem to depend whether or not the Russians
will evacuate the Crimea before the next cam-
paign. To adopt the NICHOLAS and MENscrinsofr
style, Generals Winter and Starvation are to try
their skill ; othe'r Generals, at least, are to re•
main quiet.

In all probability some parties will endeavour
to bring about a peace if possible this winter. The
attempt must, in any event, servo Russo-Austrian
objects. If Russia can but hold the Crimea
during such attempts, and Nicolaieff and Odessa
remain untouched, she will certainly negotiate
on better terms. Moat likely, however, the in-
completeness of her present humiliation will
embolden her to try the old Vienna shuffles again,
lgitptleeae''d' but of gain-
ingoubt that the
with the view,Th
There
et
coafnm abkei n
time.
paralysing effect of the Vienna negotiations this
spring
delayed the fall of Sebastopol a month at
least, and thusainterfered with the complete con-
,ea
• and the attacks on Nicolaieff
quest of the Cm
and Kherson. It would seem incredible that our
Statesmen could repeat the follies which have ex-
RUSSELL ; yet, while the
tinguished Lord JoHN
Coburgs and Austria keep their present position
in London and in Paris, it is impossible not to
fear some diplomatic mischief.
If asked what we should recommend, we must
own that we think all possible mischief should be
done to the enemy before the coming winter. If
Nicolaieff cannot be taken now it will be almost
unassailable, by the river at least, next spring.
We' must leave that to the brave and skilful
Captors of Kinbourn. We concur with those who
think that fort itself, at least if • htly used, an
rightly
invaluable acquisition. Even without the cap-
ture of Nicolaieff, the dockyards of that place could
never send a vessel past the fort, if the power
which held it had at the same time a navy to co-ope-
rate ; it would nullify the Portsmouth of Russia.
We trust no peace will ever restore it to Russia.
If, however, we can advance no further up the
Dtheper at present, we do ask the question, which
again is in every mouth, Why spare Odessa ? To
destroy its Rs:Aver to shelter and feed Russian

troops during the winter is a first necemity. We
do not wish for unnecessary cruelty, but its de-
struction before winter would facilitate very much
our spring operations. Ismail and Nicolaieff, and
the Crimea, too, would sensibly feel the loss of
Odessa, and our army reap the advantage. The
town lies at our mercy ; the terms therefore are,
most reasonably, unconditional surrender or de-
struction. If its brutal masters prefer the latter,
the inhabitants must thank themselves and their
CIZAR, not us. The CZAR has made its annihilation
as a military measure indispensable to us. If he
prefer the ruin of his subjects to their submission
to civilised conquerors, he alone is answerable
fur the painful consequence. Every consideration
demands that Odessa should not survive the
winter. It seems, indeed, mere wantonness to
destroy small towns of little or no consequence in
the Gulf of Finland, and to leave standing in the
Black Sea a town which is the basis of half the
movements of the Russian army in that quarter.
Russia would not, under similar circumstances,
deal thus with Liverpool or Hull.

The time-honoured, but by no means generally
adopted, practice of Members of Parliament ren-
dering an account of their stewardship to their
respective constituencies runs no risk of falling
into desuetude. The advantages resulting from
it during the present War have been too great to
admit of that. Nobly as the Press in the main
discharges its important duties in exposing abuses
and stimulating Government to the discharge of
its obligations, something is still wanting to ren-
der its powers as effective as it is desirable they
should be, and that is incontestible proof that it
fairly reflects the popular sentiment ; and this,
though only a few representatives have given
opportunity for its manifestation, the practice in
question has unmistakeably elicited. Wherever
the required occasion has been afforded it has
been seen that the opinions of the great majority
of the Press as to the magnitude, justice, and im-
portant bearings of the War, the maladministra-
tion of it at the outset, th• high emprise•of our
forces, and the absolute necessity for such a vigor-
ous prosecution of hostilities as is required for the
conclusion of a safe and honourable peace, have
been promptly endorsed by the constituencies. A
practice so approved, and of such value in trying
circumstances, cannot, in fact, but commend itself
to universal adoption.
The remarks of Mr. COLLIER to his constituents
at Plymouth on this head are worthy of attention,
while his entire address, and the loud tokens of
approval it elicited, go to prove the truth of our
observations. How emphatic is the declaration
of his opinion, that "there was no individual in
Plymouth who, whatever might be his political
views, would allow the War to be treated as a
party question," and of his confidence that " if,
on the opening of the next session there should
be found in the House of Commons any section
who should endeavour to degrade this great Euro-
pean question into an instrument of party war-
fare, and to make political capital out of the
national triumphs or disasters, they would meet
with the indignant reprobation of every honest
man in the kingdom." And how worthy of an
enlightened constituency was the response. " The
great events of the 'War," he said, " were far
above the region of party politics. We were
living in remarkable times ;" and having ad-
verted to some of the probable results of the
War, and the darkness that envelopes the future,
he proc9eds to state, not less truly than forcibly, •
that, "having attempted to avert the War, they
had entered on it not from a lust of conquest,
but in the defence of liberty and in resistance to
a long series of systematic oppression, of which
the last act was so palpable as to leave no choice
but to resist it ;" and that we essayed to do " in
conjunction with our natural ally," with whose
aid we would continue the War, "not for the
accession of glory, but to erect a rampart against
the further progress of a Power aspiring to uni-
versal dominion, and by exacting material guaran-
tees for the peace of the world."

Passing on to a historical retrospect of the past
year, he well observed that it "presented a strange
picture, in which the brightest lights were con-
trasted with the darkest shadows. On one side
brilliant victories, courage, enduring fortitude,
than which nothing nobler had been recorded in
ancient or modern annals. On the other side fail-
ure, incapacity, and neglect, followed by disasters,
by suffering, and by death"—light, however, on
the whole, predominating over darkness, and
" British courage and perseverance being seen
breaking through the trammels of routine at
home and triumphant over the enemy abroad."
Adverting to the fearful destruction of our troops
in the trenches, " it was not enough to tell him
that it arose from our having been 40 years at
peace, or that it was the fault of the system ;" it
was the " result of incapacity, brought to light
by the newspaper correspondents in the Crimea."
Having defended the system of newspaper corres-
pondence, " by which all the events of the War
were made public as soon as they occurred"—he
reviewed the history of the session, and expressed
his conviction, which ho supported by recent
illustrations, that the present " Government had
taken a vigorous, decided, and successful course
with regard to the War," the aforesaid illus-
trations, involving events likely in his opinion
to lead, and before long, to peace. The
Honourable Member, it will be seen, next addressed
himself to home topics, remarking at the outset
that it was one of the greatest evils that a
state of war entailed, " that they could not at
the same time attend to the administration of
internal affairs"—a statement which, by the way,
ought never to be advanced without qualification,
seeing that Parliament could if U., would. The
remainder of this eloquent, truthful, and liberal
speech we commend to the notice of our readers ;
as also the patriotic, if not very original, speech
of Colonel FREESTUN, at Weymouth, on the War,
both of which will be read with general satis-
faction.

Those who have watched, as we have done with
mingled admiration and hope, the political career
of the liberal and enlightened heir of the house
of Derby, will regret to learn that there is no
probability of his becoming, at least for the pre-
sent, a member of the existing Government. As
we intimated yesterday, overtures have actually
been made to his Lordship, which, however, he
has unfortunately seen fit to decline. The post
of Colonial Minister which was offered for his
acceptance will, consequently, be again open to a
crowd of mediocrities. What were the precise
grounds on which the Noble Lord's refusal was
based we are unable to state ; but while commend-
ing the public spirit which induced the Premier
to seek his co-operation, we cannot but deplore
the existence of adequate causes for its beiug
refused. Lord STANLEY 13 too conscientious and
liberal-minded to have refused on mere party
The fact of his having done so, there-
grounds.
fore, lays open a wide field for speculation.

We have reason to believe that Mr. James Campbell,
Q.C., has been appointed to the vacant post cf Commis-
sioner of Charities.
We are requested to state that no meeting will take
place to-morrow, in Hyde-park, in connection with the
People's Provision League.

LATEST NE WS.

-----+

PARIS, Nov. 3.
Despatches arrived last night from the Crimea.
The Allies have completed important recon-

naissances, and retired.
The bases of action are all satisfactory.

LITBECK, FRIDAY.

General Canrobert has embarked for Stock-
holm, in the steamer Ganthiod, which hoisted the
French standard.

DANZIG, FRIDAY.

The Geyser has arrived. She left the fleet on
30th ult. There is no news. The bulk of the
fleet proceeds next week to Kiel.

ST. PETERSBURG, FRIDAY.

A despatch received here states that all the
liners of the fleet off Kinbourn have proceeded
seawards, and that the enemy have undertaken

nothing new.
Yesterday Prince Gortschakoff telegraphed that
there was no movement to report in the Crimea.

NICOLAIEFF, Our. 23, 5 p.m.

Prince Gortschakoff announces that, according
to a report of General Schabelsky, the enemy is
advancing in the direction of Toulat, but it is not
known whether he intends to march upon Sitn-
pberopol, or to follow the direction of the sea
coast.

There is no certain information as to the

amount of his forces.

Under date Oct. 23, at eleven o'clock at night,
the Prince writes In his movement in ad-
vance the enemy stopped before noon at the
heights of the village of Asohaga-Djamine, and ex-
changed some shots with our dragoons. Three of
our regiments of lancers having then made a
demonstration, in order to threaten his left flank,
he retired behind Aktatar. At three o'clock in
the afternoon General Schabelsky occupied a po-
sition near. Tchebbotar."

fectly understood that the amputation men will be de-
spatched to their homes with the' indemnities for travel-
ling expenses provided by the rules of the service. If
there are any who should prefer to remain in the Hotel
des Invalides, they will be received in the infirmary till
put in possession of papers from the State, which will
insure them their pension."
Boum% Nov. 2.—The following are the last
quotations :
Cash. fr. e. End:of Month.
4i per Cents f'o 25 —f. —e.
3 per Cents 64 30 64 30
New Loan 65
Bank Shares 3190 Roman
Credit Mobilier 1155 Austrian
Belgian Fives ...... .. 951 Spanish Threes _
Piedmontese Bl 50 Home Debt 32i
RAILWAYS—FOR CASH.

_ ____.
fr. c. c
Orboans
Northern
Lyons .... 1120 •—• New Ditto
Ilediterranean 1220 Grand Central 5Bl fic
Lyons Geneva 650 Tests
(Jett°

Brigadier Mackenzie, commanding at that sta-
tion, had issued an order such as might exempt
Europeans from the frightful noise-making deemed
essential on the occasion. A procession, with
the usual accompaniments, passing in apparent
bravado near his quarters, were compelled by
him to return. They seemed to have fallen
amongst a set of angry spirits, glad of any
opportunity of avenging a personal quarrel,
and a furious band shortly afterwards rushed
against the brigadier, cutting him with their
swords, and leaving him only when they believed
him dead. Though severely wounded over the head,
arms and body, he is still recovering, and is now
considered out of danger. His assailants have
been secured, and await their trial. With the ex-
ception of these isolated cases of violence, due to in-
dividual causes, and which afford no evidence of
general disquietude or discontent, peace and pros-
perity reign as they have long reigned through-
out our dominions. The military preparations
against Persia, Egypt, or Affghanistan, with which
some of our home contemporaries seemed bewil-
dered, never had any existence save in imagination.
Our rainy season is apparently over : rain has been
so deficient everywhere, save in the Punjaub, that
there is great reason to apprehend one of those
periodical famines which overtake us once every
twelve or fifteen years, and of which the last
occurred in 1838. Accounts have just been re-
ceived of the loss of the ship St. Abbs on a coral
reef north of Madagascar, which had been about
a hundred miles misplaced on the captain's
charts, though correctly laid down on those
of the Admiralty for the past forty years. This
is the fourth or fifth vessel that has within no
great distance of time been lost in these seas
from the use of antiquated sailing directions, bad
charts or instruments, or faulty observation.
The Governor-General continues at the Hills, ad-
hering to his original plan of embarking in No-
vember at Calicut, visiting Madras and Burmah,
returning and spending some weeks or months at
Calcutta, and leaving for Europe in February.
The Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Madras,
after a short visit to the Hills, are on the eve
of returning to the Presidency. The Commander-
in-Chief in India, Sir William Gomm, continues
drawing his twenty thousand a year somewhere
ea the Himalayas, but is we believe on the eve of
returning to Europe with probably a hundred thou-
sand pounds in his pocket, having slept through
his five years' tenure of office more soundly than
any head of our Indian army has ever been per-
mitted to sleep. Lord Elphinstone is at Bombay,
completely restored to health, busily employed
with plans for the general improvement. Sir
Henry Somerset, our Commander-in-Chief, having
inspected the troops at A hmednuggur, is about to
pay the forces located at Mahableshwar a similar
visitation, and the head-quarters of the army will
be removed to the Hills from the 10th inst. Colo-
nel Le Grand Jacob, Resident in Catch, having
just returned from two years' visit to Australia and
the Eastern Seas, has laid before the Geographical
Society a large mass of statistical, antiquarian, and
political information. He describes Sir James
Brooke, whom he visited, as one of the most dis-
tinguished philanthropists of the age, points to the
monopoly of the spice trade by th;Americans, and
the splendid prospects of our colonies in New Zea-
land and Van Diemen's Land—and he is one of
the most invaluable of authorities on all these
subjects.

MILITARY INTELLIGENCE.

CASUALTIES BY DEATH IN INDIA SINCE THE DEPARTURE

OF THE MAIL ON THE 13TH OF SEPTEMBER.

Madras.—Lieutenant W. T. CArdale, 25th Native In-
fantry, at Madras, on the 9th September ; Captain H.
J. Anderson, 34th Regiment Light Infantry, at Secun-
derabad, on the 14th September.
_ _

Bengal.—Lieutenant Eden, 39th Native Infantry, at
Debrooghur, on the 26th August ; Lieutenant H. Sin-
clair, 30th Native Infantry, on the Ist September ;
Brigadier W. Mactier, C. 8., Commanding Benares
Division, at Benares, on the 17th September.

Indian Navy.—Lieutenant S. B. King, at Kurrachee,
on the 22d September.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
THE BOMBAY MARKETS.

(From the Overland Bombay Times of October 2 )

We have no change to note in the money market
since the date of our last report. Money is easy and
likely to continue so for some time to come. Rates of in-
terest remain unaltered. Very little has been done in
shares or Government securities, and prices remain
about former quotations.
The favourable change in the weather, noticed in our
issue of the 13th ult,, was of short duration, only about
three inches of rain having fallen, or in all, up to
the present time, 48 inches, being two-thirds of our
usual average supply, a state of matters which a little
later in the year will be productive of great distress in
the Deccan and Southern Concan, which have suffered
most from want of moisture, and are almost totally
withered. Prices of grey goods are nominally the same,
but we note a decline in shirting of 40-inch and T cloth
of la. to 2a. per piece, whiffs in other descriptions there
is no change. _ _

Bleachel goods are dull, excepting shirting and mala-
pollams, which are in slight request.
Satin spots and twills are dull, and in no demand.
Fancy Goods—There is very little to notice under
this head.

Yarns—Mule and water dull of sale, and in some
counts prices are easier.

Metals—A further improvement has taken place in
prices.

Cochineal—The demand has been rather less active.
Woollens—The market is very quiet.
Exchange—On England for the past fortnight ruled
steadily at the following quotations :-2s. lid. to 2s.
1 5-16 d. for first class credits, and 2s. 1-g-d. to 2s. lid.,
for document, but towards the close document paper to
a small extent changed han Is at 2s. 1 9-16 d. On Cal-
cutta we quote 11r. premium at sight, and 4r. premium
at 60 days' sight. Madras, Ar. premium at sight, and
par at 30 days' sight, and on China 224 r. at 60 days'
sight.