The Sun.
London, England, 1855-06-12 00:00:00

THE SUN, LoINI TUESDAY EVENING, JUNE 12, 1855

respondent " Alpha" asks, at the outset,
"How far have we a (legislative) right to buy
or sell on the LORD'S-day ?" We are un-
able to give him an answer so definite
as he may desire. But laying aside,
as he does not, though intending to do
so, what he calls a religious consideration of
the question, we will tell him in what light we,
as journalists, are accustomed to regard it.
Apart from religious considerations, he has
arrived at the conclusion that " the seventh day,
as a day of rest, is man's inalienable birthright--
the poor man's absolute and positive right." How
lie has done so we are unable to discover, since
the sixth or eighth day might serve the purpose,
and we know of no other charter than the Scrip-
tural one. Not to dwell on this, we cordially
admit the propriety—nay, the necessity—of the
observance of a weekly day of rest, in order to
promote and maintain the common welfare. All
the facts brought to bear on the subject
go to prove that a weekly twenty-four hours'
abstinence from toil, whether manual or
mental, and release from confinement, with
its unhealthy atmosphere, and the burden
of enervating routine, tend to the health
and moral elevation of the individual, and to the
strength and stability of the State. A day of
rest, or Sabbath granted, and our notion of rest
does not exclude the breathing of pure air in
green fields, we come to the mode in which it
should be enforced.

Now the object of a day of rest being to benefit
individuals, and through them society, whatever
frustrates that object, or leaves them worse than
it found them is to be carefully avoided.. It is
well for every one to attend church or chapel, but
a law that would compel such attendance
would produce infinite mischief if enforced.
So far from the interests of religion being
s3rved a deep and lasting dislike to
religion would follow. So with Sunday trading.
It would be well if there were nothing to prevent
every trader from shutting up shop and taking a
holiday the whole of Sunday. But unfortunately
there is. The poor laborious mechanic who
reaches borne with his hard earnings late on Sa-
turday night ; the poor wretch who may not re-
ceive the means to purchase his Sunday food until
the morning of that day ; what could they do if
every shop was closed against them ? Why
they must starve or steal. This is notorious.
The ultra-Sabbatarian party, in fact, are compelled
to admit that wages are paid in thousands of in-
stances so late on Saturday night as to be useless
till the following morning, and that some change
must be made in the time of payment. But they
do not attempt to secure the required change first.
The observance of the Sabbath appears to be
their only consideration, and so that it be pro-
moted, the'poor, to whom the LORD of the Sabbath
ministered, may perish, or break through the
boundaries of law and entail on themselves the
disastrous consequences. When, therefore, we
j oppose the bill for the prevention of Sunday
trading in London. We should like to see the
Sunday a day of recreation in an enlarged
sense to all—but we must yield to a pa-
ramount claim. We contend for the h..-
alienable and primal right of the poor to live,
and to have the opportunity to do so honestly.
And when our correspondent asks to whom those
engaged in traffic are to look for protection, we
can only reply—lt is better that they, a few,
should suffer some little privation, than that
countless thousands should be deprived of their
Sunday fare and be put in the way of temptation.

LATEST NEWS.

EVACUATION OF ANAPA
BY THE RUSSIANS.

ADMIRALTY, JUNE 12, 1855.

Mr. Osborne presents his compliments to the
Editor of The Sun, and begs to inform him

;hat intelligence has just been received that the

Russians have evacuated Anapa, and are supposed
to have crossed the Kouban. The Circassians are

in the place.

PARIS, TUESDAY, JUNE 12, 7.30 A.M.

The Moniteur announces that the Minister of
War has received the following despatch from
General Pelissier, dated Crimea, June 9, 11. p.m.:—
" The situation is the same as yesterday.
" All the demonstrations of the enemy against
the conquered works haNe, 'fruitless.

"They have abandoned ca.,. `-called battery of
the 2d May ; they have also completely aban-
doned to us the right shore of Careening Bay.
" The vessels in port have sought refuge in
Artillery Bay, where our large mortars can reach

them.
" We are watching them attentively."

The Russian works with which the Allies must
have had to deal on the Gth are the advanced line
of defences around the Arsemil. and Karabelnia
suburb, commencing with the redoubts on the
right of Careeninc, Bay and following the line to
the south, or Admiralty Harbour. This compre-
hends the Lunette battery immediately above
Careening Bay on the left, or west side, a new re-
doubt thrown up lately on the cliff above the road-
stead, and still further to the left than the last-
named work, the Mamelon Redoubt, and the
Malakhoff, Redan, and Barrack Batteries. It is
quite as certain that the Malakhoff batteries, built
around the ruins of the original White Tower, is the
pdint to which the besiegers are working, as that
these batteries do not, as has been suggested to the
public, constitute the White Work taken on the
7th inst., Upon the Malakhoff batteries the enemy
has concentrated the vigour of his defensive ener-
gies, and the besiegers have uniformly regarded the
same works as the key of the whole position.
The Mamelon, now in our possession, of course
commands every part of the Malakhoff works. Our
guns, when mounted in this newly-acquired position,
will have a double advantage over those of the
enemy, arising once from the elevation of theMa-
melon—implied in its name—and the depression of
the Malakhoff batteries below the general level,
lying, as they do, at the bottom of a hollow. At
the second bombardment it was found that while
the Mamelon was greatly injured by the guns of
Gordon's battery, the Malakhoff batteries, although
400 yards (according to Prince Gortsciaakoff) behind
it, suffered much more.
The Mamelon itself is a steep rocky eminence,
about a mile in circumference at the base, au
about a quarter of a mile at the top. Its average
height from what was lately our advanced parallel
is about 100 feet. The approach to it was swept by
about 40 guns in the Malakhoff works ; its own
guns made it truly formidable, and wen it is
added that its steep sides are covered with masses
of rock and loose stones, the difficulty of the enter-
prise of July 7 becomes apparent, and its success
more striking. Already the besiegers must have
in the freedom of their
gunsmove-
ments, of the Mamelon completely
mgainentesd , considerably
a s
the Mamelon
commanded the ravine of of Otchakov just before
it expands into the irregular-shaped valley lying
at the foot of Frenchman's-hill.

gotiation is for the moment at an end, and the
Western Powers, grown wise by experience,
hardly again consent to treat with Russia until they
are in a position to dictate the conditions of peace.
A day or two since Prince Gortschakoff had a
very long audience of the Emperor, and yesterday
Ali Pasha waited on his Majesty to return thanks
for the Grand Cross of the Order of St. Stephen.
It is self-evident that the Austrian Government is
desirous of making a friend of the new Grand
Vizier, but Ali Paella is said to be much less in-
clined to submit to foreign influence than some of
his colleagues at Constantinople. Two of the Se-
cretaries who accompanied the Special Commis-
sioner of the Porte to this city have received the
Commander's Cross of the Order of Francis Joseph.
After the procession was over yesterday the
Emperor and Empress left Vienna for the Castle of
Laxenburg, where they will pass the summer.

The Toronto Globe intimates that the removal of the
seat of the Canadian Government to Toronto is pretty
certain. A Government agent has been at Toronto
making arrangements for the necessary buildings.
The departures from the port of London for the Aus-
tralian colonies during the past week have comprised
only three vessels —two for Melbourne and one for
Adelaide, with an aggregate capacity of 1,527 tons.
The rates of freight exhibit little alteration.
Mr. Arthur Guinness, the head of the great brewing
establishment, known over the four quarters of the
world for its incomparable )OC, is no more, having died
on Saturday, at the advanced age of 88.
A very large seizureof malt, said to exceed 1,5001. in
value, was made a few days since in the vicinity of Dub-
lin. It is said,lhowever; that the parties expect to adduce
proof sufficient to release all or a portion of it from the
Customs warehouse.
Yesterday there was an advance of Id on the 41b. loaf
of wheaten bread throughout the metropolis. The charge
now made for third quality, or household bread, is 9d. ;
the second quality bread is 10d. ; and best bread 114 d.
the 41b.
The indefatigable Barnum has just favoured the pro-
digy-loving public of New York, with the announcement
of a new marvel, i,e„ the "infant Esau, two years old,
covered with hair, and has already a full-beard and
whiskers 1"
The Dumfries Courier says that the closing to the
public cf the renowned marrying establishment yclept
Gretna-hall, is about to take place.
AMERICAN INTERVENTION IN EUROPE.—A rumour
has been going the rounds of the newspapers to the
effect that ex-President Tyler was about to proceed to
Europe, there to join Messrs. Van Buren And Fillmore,
and that the three were to mediate between Russia and
the Western Powers. Of course there was no truth in
it. The idea was seriously entertained at one time by
several personages in Congress, and was briefly dis-
cussed in that body. But it was understood from the
representatives of the Western Powers, that no inter-
vention in the quarrel was desired or could be enter-
tamed ; and the project was dropped immediately.
MR. ROEBUCK'S COMMITTEE ON THE ARMY BEFORE
SEBASTOPOL—The members of the Committee on the
Army before Sebastopol again assembled yesterday to
further consider their report. The whole of the mem-
bers of the committee were present. After a stormy
sitting of four hours, they had not concluded upon their
report, and they will meet again this day. It is, how-
ever, fully expected that the report will belaid before the
house in the course of the present week.
AN A EROLITE.—There is now to be seen in the Mu-
seum of tEconomie Geology in Jermymstreet, a part of
the trunk of a willow tree lately felled in Battersea
Fields, in the centre of which was found an aerolite, or
havemeteoric stone, of very large size, which seems to have
fallen on the tree many years ago, and to have embedded
itself in its substance. "It is a prodigious curiosity.
(says the Gardeners' Chronicle), and well worth exa-
mination."
CLOSING OLD SMITHFIELD MARKET.—Yesterday after-
noon, immediately after the termination of the day's
business at Smithfield, notices were posted on all parts
of the market, signed by Sir G. Grey, her Majesty's
Secretary of State for the Home Department, informing
the public that the Corporation of London W*o com-
plied with the whole of the provisions of, arkets
Act, in the formation of the New Market at tropen'hagen-
fields, Islington, he had fixed the New Market and
slaughter-houses to be opened on Friday next, the 15th
inst. ; and that henceforth Smithfield would entirely
cease to be a market for the sale of horses and cattle.
The sale of hay and straw will be continued as usual.
In the general business of the port of London during
the past week there has been continued activity. The
total number of vessels reported inward was 244, being
only 15 less than in the previous week. The number of
ships cleared outward was 152, showing a decrease of 8 ;
out of this total no less than 35 were in ballast. The
number of ships on' the berth loading for the Australian
colonies on the Bth inst. was 62. Of these 7 were for
Adelaide, 5 for Geelong, 5 for Hobart Town, 3 for
Launceston, 4 for Melbourne, 1 for Moreton Bay, 4 for
New Zealand, I for Nelson and Wellington, 1 for New-
castle, 10 for Port Philip, 2 for Portland Bay, and 19
for Sydney.
SEIZURE OF A VESSEL AT IPSWICH.—A large foreign
barque, of 304 tons burden, called the Nina, which has
been some time in the port of Ipswich, under Austrian
colours, was seized on Wednesday, by authority of the
Admiralty, on suspicion of being Russian property. She
brought a cargo of linseed from the Black Sea, consigned
to a firm in Ipswich. The Nina was built at Sunder.
land, and was purchased while at Odessa by her present
owner, alleged to be an Austrian. She sailed under
Russian colours until September, 1853, the date of her
present papers. At that period she assumed the Aus-
trian flag, under which she remained until her seizure.
She is now in the hands of the authorities, and will so
remain until her true character has been thoroughly in-
vestigated.—lpswich Tou,rnal.
PEDESTRIANISM. JOHN HOTINE AND WILLIAM
BASSETT.—Yesterday the match between these metro-
politan pedestrians to walk seven miles for 501. came off
on Sadler's enclosed ground, Garratt-lane, Wandsworth.
Hotine was the favourite, his backers laying the odds of
30 to 25. Bassett throughout the first and second lap
kept up with his opponent, but in the third succeeded in
just getting away from him ; at the finish of the mile he
was leading by a few yards. Hotine from the fifth mile
took the lead and went in a winner by five yards, doing
the distance in 53 minutes 40 seconds.
DESTRUCTIVE FIRE NEAR DOVER.--Early on Thurs-
day morning a fire broke out in some extensive premises
situated about a mile from Dover, and formerly known
as Maxton Farm, but which are now occupied by Mr.
H. Worthington, who carries on the business of a brewer.
Fortunately the accident we have to record did not re-
sult in any injury to the business premises, or to the
plant employed, although we regret to state that Mr.
Worthington's dwelling-house was completely gutted,
and nearly the whole of its contents destroyed. The.
house and furniture were insured in the Alliance and
Norwich Union Assurance Offices. The furniture, we
hear, was insured for 400/. ; and the total loss, which
was estimated at rather over 1,0001., is, we understand,
more than covered by the combined insurance.--Dover
Chronicle.

REPORTED GERMAN INTRIGUES.—We learn that the
successes of the French army in the Crimea are giving
rise to most uncomfortable apprehensions in Berlin,
Brussels, and at some of the petty Courts, where the
notion existgthat these successes will tend to " feed the
love for glory," and awaken the traditions and views of
the first Napoleon upon' Germany. In consequence of
this, the most deeply-laid intrigues are said to be carried
on, with the view of opposing the diplomacy of England
to that of France in Germany, and, to give the former a
predominating influence. The extraordinary speeches
of Mr. Gladstone, Mr. S. Herbert, and Sir James
Graham, are all said to karmonise with the views
of the Courts of Berlin, Brussels, &c., the great object of
whose diplomacy is to bring the war to a close, as soon
as some further events take place in the Crimea, in order
to break up the Anglo-French alliance.. We believe the
Minister whom these monarchs would desire to see at
the head of affairs in England is Lerd John Russell,
and we should not be surprised if their favourite, before
the lapse of many weeks, is called upon to form a Go-
vernment. The rumour that Lord Palmerston will soon
he elevated to the Peerage is again current; bat we re-
gret to hear it surmised that, should his lordship not
submit to the counsels of Lord Lansdowne and other=,
Lard John Russell, in all probability, will, on the proper
occasion, deal with ;the present Ministry much as he did
with that of Lord Aberdeen.—Morning Advertiser.
MERCHANT TAILORS' COMPANY.—The annual election
of scholars to St. John's College, Oxford, and other
university preferments, from the school of the Merchant
Tailors' Company, o°ll place yesterday. After an exa-
mination, which was reported to be satisfactory, W, H.
Smith, d. A. S. Austin, and Wm. Holding were elected
to Probationary Fellowships at St. John's College, Ox-
ford ; R. C. Ward was appointed Stuart Exhibitioner,
and Albert G. Strutte, Parkin Exhibitioner to Cam-
bridge. The Master of the Company (Mr. Jaeomb),
the Wardens, and a large assembly of guests and old
scholars, then proceeded to the School-room, where
speeches were delivered. The head-master, the Rev.
Dr. Hussey, then distributed the prizes, of which the
following; are the chief :—Latin Verse—W. H. Smith ;
General Latin Literature—W. H. Smith ; General
Greek Literature—W. H. Smith ; History—C. A. S.
Austin ; Montefiore Hebrew Medal—James Mew ;
Chief Mathematical Prizes—W. R. Blackburn and E.
F. M'Carthy ; Chief French Prize—R. F. Clarke. In
the evening the Master and Warden entertained a nu-
merous party at dinner, in their hall in Threadneedle-
street. The chair was taken by Mr. Charles Jacomb,
the master, who was supported by his Royal Highness
the Duke of Cambridge, the Marquis of Salisbury, Lord
Viscount Hardinge, the Lieut.-General Sir George Pol-
lock, and other distinguished guests.
OPENING OF THE SMITH WALES RAILWAY FROM
HAVERFORDWEST TO NEYLAND.—AII the arrangements
for opening the line from Haverlordwest to Neyland
have been entered into, and according to present arrange-
ment, the 20th of August is the day fixed for the opening.
Mr. Brunel, accompanied by Mr. Bennett, and Mr. Con-
der, visited Haverford west on Tuesday and Wednesday,
and walked over the line to Neyland. There is to be a sta-
tion at Johnston,for both passengers and goods—the sta-
tions and all the offices are at once to be built, both at
Neyland and Johnston, and Messrs. F. Conder and Co.
have, we learn, obtained the contracts. The object of Mr.
Brunel's visit was to decide where the landing pier for the
passengers is to be built—and we understand, that the
line is to be carried on to the end of the yard, in the
stream beyond the Royal William, where there is water
enough for the largest steamer to come alongside. The
timber is being fast prepared at the contractors' yard,
and there are many cargoes of rails on the way from
Newport, and before the end of the summer we may
look out for a beginning for the American and Irish
traffic. There are now only two bridges to be finished
between Haverfordwest and Neyland, and the line is
ballasted for more than six and a half miles. The two
unfinished bridges are at Johnston—one on the public
road to Rosemarket, and the lather an accomodation
bridge on Mr. Carrow's farm.
SUCCESSFUL ENTERPRISE IN THE IRON TRADE.—The
following estates have been purchased by Messrs. Baird,
of Gartsherrie Iron Works, in the central iron district
of Scotland, within the last five years :—The late Mr.
Baird, Closeburn and Shawls estate, 225,000/. ; Mr.
William Baird, Eli; 145,0001. ; ditto, Rosemount and
whitefield, 50,000/. ; Mr. Alexander Baird, Ury,
120,0001. ; Mr. James Baird, Cambusdoon, 50,000/. ;
Mr. George Baird, Striehen, 140,000/. ; Mr. David
Baird, Stitchel,-165,0001. ; Mr. Robert Baird, Auchma-
den, 60,000/. ; total 955,0001. The Messrs. Baird have
been in all respects the architects of their own 'fortunes.
The sons of a respectable farmer in Lanarkshire, their
patrimony was but small; yet, small. as it was, aided
and guided by judicious enterprise, courage, integrity,
and perseverance, they have fought their way manfully
to fortune, and are at present the largest iron manufac-
turers in the British empire.