The Sun.
London, England, 1855-05-31 00:00:00

No. 19,554.]

LONDON, TH URS DA Y EVEN IN G, MAY 31, 1855.

SMITH TESTIMONIAL FUND-
-37, GREAT GEORGE-STREET, WESTMINSTER.
Sir,--The superior advantages of screw propulsion being fully de-
monstrated by its eenrral adoption for the public service aad for the
commercial operations of almost all maritime nations, a favourable
time appears to have arrived for inducing a public recognition of
the merit of its in soduction.
Convinced that screw navigation—whoever may be regarded as
its ee iginal inventor—must date its real commencement from the
successful trials ani veyaQ,e4 of the" Archimedes" in 1839 and 1840 ;
and fee ling that all naval nations are indebted to the performances
of that ship, for the fir-t practical development of this great improve-
ment is the means of maritime enterprise; the following gentlemen,
personally cognisant of the facts connected with the progress of the
system, are strongly impressed with the justice of the claim: of Mr.
Francis Pettit Smith, to whose talents and untiring energy it is well
known the "Archimedes" owed both her origin and success.
They can also bear record to the steady perseverance with which
that gentleman has continued to devote the bast years of his life to
the purpose of establishing the meritsof the screw. And they know
that the national benefit thus conferred by his labours—wbich was
first so clearly confirmed by the performances of the Rattler in 1845,
then se strikingly illustrated at the naval review of 1853, and which
is now so confidently relied on for success in actull war—has not
hitherto procured for him either public acknowledgment or pecuniary
reward.
They have therefore formed themselves into a Provisional Commit-
tee, and have requested us most respectfully to solicit the honour of
your name, and the advantage of your influence and example, in sup-
port of an appeal to all classes and interests fora general subscription
to present a suitable testimonial to Mr. Francis Pettit Smith, for his
prominent services in bringing into practice the system of screw
navigation.—We have the honour to be your obedt. servants,
EDWARD PELLEW HALSTED
Hon. Secs;
JOHN SCOTT RUSSELL,

Rear-Admiral Sir Witham E. Parry, St., lieutenart-L-over-
nor of Grdenwich Hospital •••••••• • - •• " • • 3
William PrTsons, EMI Leicester ..... • 2 2
The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company • . 100 0
Messrs. John Penn and Son, engineers, Greenwich .. • lOO 0
John Diston Fowles, Esq., Wimpole-street ...... •• • •
Edward J. Powell, Esq., Hydregraphic Department, Ad-
miralty .
Captain William Ramsay, R.N., H.M.S. Hogue
Messrs. G. Rennie and Co , engineers, Holland-street, Black-
friars 2O 0
WUllam Rigby, Esq., Glasgow .• .
Major F. C. Robb, F 1.C.5., Beaulieu House, Southsea 10
J. Scott Russell, Esq., F .R.S., C.E: (lion. Sec.) Great
George-street, Westminster .. • ... •• •• • •
Messrs. Samuda Brothers. engineers, Poplar • • .. . • 20
John Scott, Esq., engineer and shipbuilder, Greenock „ 25 C
Messrs. Seaward and Capel, engineers, Limehouse
Joseph Sims, Esq. Birmingham ••..••.••••••• • • • • • • • • • • •• 6
0
Messrs. Sims and kuntz, Birmingham • •
Edward Slaughter, Esq:, engineer, Bristol
Comthander Luke Smithett, R.N., H.M.S. Tivid
R. Stephenson, Esq., M, P , F.R.S., C.E , Great George-
street, Westminster ....
Captain James N. Strange, 11. N.
John M.*Sunley, Esq , insurance bfoker, Cornhill
William Swann, }'sq., Queen-street, Westminster 2 2
James Tilling, Esq. Hendon
G. H. J. Watford, Esq., Serle-street, Lineoln's-inn.......... 5 0
Captain Frederick Warden, It N., H.M.S. Ajax 5 0
Thomas Waterman, jun., Esq., shipbuilder, Blackwall lO 0
Messrs. James Witt and Co., engineers (per H. Wollaston

vAVAL AND MILITARY 11VTELL.TG-EltiCe.

The Fairy, Royal
yacht, Captain the Hon. Joseph
Denman, will embark the Queen and Court at 2 o'clock
this afternoon from Osborne, and convey them to Gos-
port en route to London. On Tuesday she conveyed
Prince Albert, Captain Denman, and other officers, to
Sconce Point, when the Prince inspected the new Vic-
toria Fort at that spot. The new yacht Victoria and
Albert is so far completed in her machinery that it is
anticipated she will be ready for a preliminary trial in a
fortnight. The Imperieuse, 51, Captain Watson, C. 8.,
was docked yesterday at Portsmouth to repair the da-
,nages sustained in her collision with the Tartar. Every
-xertion will be used to refit her, and get her back to
he Baltic. Captain Yelverton, of the Arrogant,
16, is senior officer of the flying squadron, during
ler absence. Tho new great three-decker, Marl-
oorough, 131, building at Portsmouth, is in course of
preparation for launching. Her external fittings ne-
cessary for that event are almost finished. The cradle
for her launch is in a .forward state, and the neigh-
bourhood of the entrance from the building slip to the
harbour is being strengthened by wooden piles. The
Royal Sovereign, 120, ordered to be built as a sailing
.hip in an adjoining shed to the Marlborough, is to be
forthwith adapted to the screw. Shipwrights have
commenced removing the stern framework of the bull,
which will be altered to suit her new character imme.
liately after the launch of the Marlborough. The Shan.
Lion, new 60-gun frigate, is also in progress at Ports-
mouth Dockyard, but more bands will speedily be put
upon her to expedite her for launching. The Sampson,
6, paddle steam-frigate, has new boilers ready for her,
and is in course of refit in No. 3 dock, but not so expe-
rlitiously as if wanted for immediate service. The Britan-
nia, 120, fitting as a hospital ship for military invalids at
Portsmouth, is rapidly approaching completion, and when
ready will be moored in a healthy and convenient part
of the harbour. It is supposed she will be speedily
commissioned by a commander of the Royal Navy and
an efficient medical staff, with chaplain, &e. The new
inlet dock, at the north-east corner of the steam basin
in Portsmouth Dockyard was under contract to be com-
pleted by this day, but although some few days' delay
must of necessity take place, it-will be ready for open-
ing by the end of next month, when the Queen's new
steam yacht Victoria and Albert will be taken into it
The entrance to this and the opposite dock have been
extended 9 feet 4 inches, and they will be much im-
proved by that additional capacity. TIM military in-
valids landed by the last four ships arrived at Ports-
mouth were visited yesterday in the General Hospital
at Portsea by Major-General Sir Frederick Smith,
K.H., Commanding Royal Enginneers in the south-west
district, &c., and, like their earlier arrived comrades,
received supplies of extra comforts and good reading,
from Lady Smith. Other presents of a similar charac-
ter were forwarded to her ladyship and Sir Frederick
for distribution from the daughters of Viscount Ear.
Binge.

- 5 O 5O 0

LOO 0

Blake, Esq , Soho, Birmingham • • • • • • •
I. Watts, Esq., Assistant-Surveyor H.M. Navy, Somerset-
house ... . . ...... 2 2
Messrs. John and Robert White, shipbuilders,Cowes
Joseph Whitworth, Esq., engineer, Manchester 25 0
M. Wigram, Esq., shipbuilder, Blackwall
G. T. Wright, Esa., Lympstone, Devon
Thomas Wright, Esq , engineer. George-yard, Lombard-st 2 2
Sni•scrlptions are received by Messrs. Martin and Co., 68, Lom-
bard-stzoet, London; Messrs. Ransom and Co., 1, Pali Mail Fast,
London : J. Scott Russell, Esq., 37, Great George-street, West-
minster (Honorary Secretary) ; and by C. Manby, Esq., 25, Great
George-street, Westminster (treasurer).

_
Honorary Secretaries,
JE..SPC.OHTTA LRSUTSESDE,L-L,
37, Great George-street, Westminster, 1855.

PUBLICATIONS.

MR. HANNAY'S NEW NOVEL.
Now ready at all the libraries, in 3 vole.,

EIIST ACE CONYERS.
By JAMES HANNAY, Esq.,
Author of " Singleton Fontenoy," " Satire and Satirists," &c.
Hurst and Blacken, Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn ,13,
Great Marlborough-street.

The hospital ship Caledonia was taken into the basin
dock at Devonport on Tuesday to have her copper exa-
mined and repaired. Forty shipwrights and 40 joiners
on the establishment are to work on her extra from 6 to
8 o'clock p.m. to expedite her fitting.
The steam-ship Conqueror, in the floating basin at
Keyham, commenced taking her boilers on board on
Tuesday.
The following brigs, prizes to the Archer and Basilisk,
arrived at Sheerness on Tuesday night or early yesterday
morning ; they were taken while attempting to break
the blockade enforced in the Baltic :—The brig Meck-
lenburg, in charge of Mr. G. G. Wallace, mate of the
Archer, as prizemaster ; the Mecklenburg has a full and
complete cargo of hemp sari linseed. The Paul Fre-
derick. in charge of Mr. F. Semple, mate of the Basilisk,
as prizeirraster ; the Paul Frederick is laden with a full
cargo of hemp and rye. One of the seamen of the
Basilisk who came home in the Paul Frederick was
sent off to Melville Hospital yesterday with a bad case
of fever.

A court-martial assembled yesterday at 9 a.m., on
board the Waterloo flagship at Sheerness, to try Lieut.
John Packwood, serving on board her Majesty's steam-
frigate Retribution, on a charge-- "as officer of the
watch, of absenting himself from the deck and going be-
low to his cabin, where he was found to be asleep." The
following officers composed the Court :—Rear-Admiral
of the Blue and second in command at the buoy of the
Nore, Robert Lambert Baynes, C. 8., &c., President ;
Commodore Wyviil, Superintendent of Chatham-yard ;
Captain-Superintendent of Sheerness-yaed, John Jervis
Tucker ; Capt. George H. Seymour, in command of the
Pembroke, 60 guns ; Capt. George H. G. Wellesley, in
command of the Cornwallis, 60 guns ; Capt. Erasmus
Ommanney, in command of the Hawke, 60 guns ; Capt.
James C. Coffin, in command of the Hastings, 60 guns ;
Capt. Francis Scott, in command of the Russell, 60 guns;
Ca9t. Hugh Dunlop, in command of the Tartar, 20 guns;
Ctilt. Lord Frederick-Kerr, in comnqad of the Water-
loo ; and Capt. the Hon. ',Arthur A. Cochrane, in com-
mand of the Horatio, 24 'toms. Lieut. Dyer, of the
Retribution, was called by Capt. Thomas Fisher (the
prosecutor) to prove being relieved from his watch by
the prisoner. George Salter, quartermaster, was called
to prove the prisoner going below immediately after he
had taken charge of the watch on deck. William Ben-
son, marine, proved that the prisoner did not come on
the quarter-deck during his watch until he was sent for
by the prosecutor. Corporal Samuel Seymour, Royal
Marines, proved the prisoner was not en deck when he
went to report his having gono his rounds every hour
during the prisoner's watch. Also, John White, who
was sentry at the steerage-door, in charge of the gun-
room door, proved that he saw the prisoner go into his
cabin about a quarter of an hour after he commenced his
duty as officer of the watch, and also that when he called
the prisoner, by order of the prosecutor, the former was
lying fast asleep on the top of his bed with his clothes
on, and that he had to shake him by the arm to awaken
him.

In his defence the prisoner pleaded his services and
" former prosecutions in the service ; also produc-
ing large number of service certificates, from his first
entry into the service. The decision of the Court was
to the following effect :—That the charge was fully
proved, and that the Court, after maturely weighing and
considering the premises, sentenced the prisoner to be
dismissed from her Majesty's service, and that he was
dismissed accordingly.

Colonel Hart, of the depot battalion of Templemore,
attended last week at Maryborough, for the purpose of
receiving volunteers for the line from the Queen's County
Rifles. He obtained upwards of 80 volunteers with the
greatest readiness, and might have had many more were
he authorised to receive then.

Lieut.-Colonel Harrison, for some time in command
of the Royal Artillery in the Kilkenny military district,
left on Friday for Woolwich, preparatory to proceeding
to the Crimea.

Detachments from the undernamed corps, from Chat-
ham, embarked on Wednesday morning from the Cus-
tom-house-quay, Grav, send, on board the ship Emma
Eugenia, for conveyance to the following stations,
viz.:-1 sergeant and 50 men, with 1 woman and 4
children of tho 26th Foot, for Bermuda, to join their
service companies ; and 81 men of the 76th Regiment,
with 4 officers, for Halifax. The names of the officers
are Major Henry Brewster, Lieutenant J. H. Tripp, and
Ensign L. E. O'Connor, 76th ; and Lieutenant W. M.
Mill, 26th Regiment. Colonel Henry Jervis, comman-
dant of the provisional battalion, and Staff-Captain
Henry Jackson, from Chatham, were present and super-
intended the embarkation of the troops, and inspected
the ship's accommodation for them, also the berths for
the officers.
Captain W. C. Master, with Ensign E. F. Haig, and
93 men of the sth Regiment of Foot, together with Cap-
tain F. R. Grantham and Ensign W. J. Saul, 45th Foot,
with 52 men, embarked at Gravesend on board the ship
Mount Stewart Elphinstone ; the sth proceed to the
Mauritius, and the 45th to the Cape of Good Hope. The
ship sailed on Tuesday evening.

At the garrison parade yesterday the detachment of the
94th Foot, consisting of two companie., quartered
in the Tower, was ordered to be held in readiness to
proceed to Portsmouth to-morrow morning to join the
head-quarters, which by that time will have arrived from
Windsor; the corps, which is upwards of 1,200 strong,
is principally made up of mere youths. The 94th has
been very successful in obtaining recruits, as it will em-
bark 1,100 strong, besides leaving a depot in England.
The destination of the regiment is understood to be
Gibraltar, where it will relieve the 13th Light Infantry,
which will proceed to the Crimea.
Within the last few days upwards of 4,000 stand of
en
an
rdnlcit
uh
ilepn Royalenft
s Ambulance
Minie and ordinary rifles, with bayonets, and f
saddlery and cavalry
sword-
bayonets complete, 509 stand of cavalry carbines, and
800 stand of Victoria carbines (the last-named weapon
the
havellboeyeatil
Artillery,bei
rnps )oar thentdh e uLlsaaerngodef
Transporttghe smi
tayl
ashnidppinefda.ntry accoutrements and e

THE MILITIA.
The Ist Devon Regiment of Militia was reviewed a
few days since at Newport, where they have lately gone
from Exeter.

A. REMO OF BATTLE.—Among the military relics
we have lately seen, one brought fro!ri Ealaklava by the
master of a merchant vessel is most interesting and me-
lancholy. It is a bras. helmet, the headpiece of "Prin-
cess Charlotte's Own," found on the fatal plain of
Ealaklara. Its owner must have been in the thick of
that gallant fight which almost annihilated the English
cavalry, as his helmet bears abundant evidence of a per-
fect storm of blows. We could, without difficulty, trace
upon it the marks of 10 distinct and heavy sabre blows,
most of them indenting the brass to the depth of half-
an-inch, but only one actually cutting through the
helmet. But at the top, close under the socket for the
plume, is the mark of that which effected what lance or
sabre cut could not—the deadly rifle bul'et. The ball
must have gone right through the top of the soldier's
head, as near the base of the helmet inside the leather
is torn, as if by the same force. Some spots of the
gallant owner's blood still stain the lining, and same
straggling hairs torn off by the infliction of the wound,
leaving little doubt that the fatal. messenger had done
the work too surely.—Cork Examiner.

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that the Brigade will be a:grolvet% erAitt.6o3l 81%* WI
talion at least will be retained on "hr, the nom be-
~,:,,,.
longing to the sailing vessels being al !'asst har,lr to ,'°' LI
them. The skill and ability of the s frtftti in kw-an ki2:
the heavy guns cannot be over-rated, a d':tlytirservice-tiv;4;;7.4.,; during this last attack especially. were 0 6,16:4A144;',../--
!iitia
able and arduous character. The- list cfAtilied&•nd
wounded of the Brigade, in working only some 35 or 36
guns, speaks for itself, and shows the hardihood and
devotion of our tars, and the ea[2:ernes: with' which the
enemy sought to search them out by their
fire. kis to
be hoped that the Admiralty will nut adopt the painful
and tedious process of "taking their claims into con-
sideration," but that they will at once re-echo the voice
of the country, and set the example to other dep it tmenta
of conferring quick rewards for services tendered.
The events of this war, or rather the scenery of the
camp and of the country round ahont us, wilt t;e amply
illustrated by limner, us arti-ts, and the da.,:i-re 'tvi,i, has been used by skilful hand, to perpetuate the in,n'emts
of camp existence and the groupteL,,. ...;,,,d 'till lif of the
tents. One gentleman who eerie out here kith a tzr-it
reputation, and who hro:ight out a Irtter from Prince
Albert to facilitate hi, ar,a,-igements, fixed his te, t. at
head-quarters; but be receive(' very little encourage-
ment there, and, as he could not, get even the temporary
attendance of a servant., he soon moved to other quay.
tors,
lgentth el
ariol
(titsnedasp
eosf, thean
dcahn
atp: --vttril
but his portraits are not so suceeglal, There are artists
sitluearesgetepea7nl eddduhciaends "fixing" ofieeux7i en
a" the t. ff ct of the smoke of the guns
for the pictorial journals out here, and amateur
sketchers, so that London will soon be made familiar
with the external aspect of "the camp before Sobel-
topol," But there are little evenements every, day and
every hour occurring here and. there which never can
be depicted. One of the commonest and most exciting,
while it lasts, is the pursuit of a centipede. A small
party are sitting in a but enjoying a frugal and cheerful
meal. Suddenly there is an outcry ; a man starts up with
a face of horror, and with outstretched finger points to
a dark insect, all legs and nippers, about six inches long,
which is roovinot rapidly with' a tortuous motion along
the wall. At the shout of "B y Jove, there is a centi-
TpehdeeCideveesrtys
eoiznee
cl eaarpvsi
nugpic
ns hi
voeustionrg,
table "Were,
fholes,,
thew h emreo
rle"
adroit, two sticks wherewith to catch that artful and
venomous enemy, and in a moment the centipede,
menaced on all sides, glides *rapidly into some chink,
where
numberlheess is pune srsued by fire and match, or is cut into
hoot heels. Thatch aisnd
bites ground
are uxtrebmelp eneath vindictive
e
venomous, if not dangerous, no one w y Painful and
effect seen their
effect can dispute. The part bitten inflames greatly, Land
the patient becomes feverish and excited, but the degree
of venom varies very much, and, it is said, according to •
the size and colour of the insect. The brutes affect one's
boots exceedingly, and attack an intruding foot with all
the animus of an illegal occupier. They also like drop-
ping from the ceilings and tent sides on the countenance
of a sleeper, and climbing stealthily up the thin
iron legs of bedsteads into the blankets. The
army is now well supplied generally with food,
hut the Turkish bread is very bad. Last week
5,0001 b. of it were condemned in one division alone, and
yesterday a board of officers of the Fourth Division con-
demned 4,0001 b. of it as unfit for use. When con-
demned it is buried in large holes, and the smell from
them is by no means agreeable. Colonel Tulloch has
abandoned all attempts to hake bread here for the troops,
and has handed the ovens, &0., over to Mr. Filder.
The men, strange to say, prefer the salt meat to the
fresh.

I-PRICE SD.

THE SIEGE; OF SEBASToPOL.

(FROM THE CORRESPONDENT OF THE TIMES.)
CAMP BEFORE SEBASTOPOL, MAY 18.
It is currently reported to-day that an extensive
change in the disposition of our troops will be made rere
shortly, and that a strong expeditionary corps darnvie
will be despatched against the enemy on the north sid•
of the Tchernaya. The report is, that the Light Divi
sien, under Sir George Browp and the regiments under
Sir Colin Campbell, will take the field in conjunction with
a French and Sardinian corps, that the Fourth Division,
under Sir John Campbell, will be moved down to defend
Balaklava and the works outside it, aided by the few
Turks who remain and Vinois' Brigade, and that a
French cf..rps will march up and occupy the camp of the
Fourth Division before Sebastopol. The French are
landing large masses of men at Kamiesch every day the greater part by far of the Sardinian troops have
already reached the Crimea, and although our force
has been diminished by the withdrawal of the Turks
to Eupatoria, there is no doubt expressed by those
competent to judge of 'such operations that we have
an army sufficiently strong to maintain our lines
before the town, and at the same time to meet any
force the Russians can bring against them in the
'field, if properly handled, and led with the requisite
boldness and prudence. I mention these rumours as they
circulate, and do not wish any one to attach the least
value to the stories invented or distorted by men pining
for active enterprise, and tired of the monotony of the
trenches. Even should these rumours spring from some
authentic source, we all know that the best matured
plans may be rudely disconcerted 'by the progress of
events before the moment of developing them 'has ar-
rived ; and, were it possible to obtain perfectly trust-
worthy details of the views of our generals, it would be
in the highest degree injudicious to make them public
till they had been carried into effect, because any delay
occurring in their execution might put the enemy on
their guard, and enable them to make efficient prepara-
tions for resistance by the time our projects were ripe
for accomplishment.
.The weather has been so hot for the last few days that
fears may be reasonably entertained of the results •of
lengthened marches or extreme exertion in the sun ; in
the trenches the temperature is stifling and the atmos-
phere unwholserne. So far as lam aware, the men still
wear the same coats and trousers which they had in the
winter ; nor has there been, to the best of my belief, any
issue of summer clothing. The possession of the Tcher-
nays will soon become of consequence to us, were it only
for the want of water. lam credibly informed that the
rain which fell within the last week is of most unusual
occurrence at this time of year, and that such a isupply
of water is an exceptional circumstance which makes the
heart of all the Southern Crimea glad in time of peace,
and fills the farmers with joyful gratitude to Heaven.
Henceforth, till the month of July, we can expect no
rain. There will not be a drop of water from the sky to
fill our wells and watercourses for months to come, and
the fears I expressed several weeks ago with respect to
a scarcity more terrible in its effects to man and beast
than famine itself are becoming more and more reason-
able as the fierce hot sun day by day bakes the
steppes and ravines of the plateau on which we are
encamped. The consumption of water by an army
of 180,000 men, and by tens of thousands of camp fol-
lowers, by myriads of cattle, and by beasts of burden,
may be readily conceived to be very great, and to
increase as the heat does, just in proportion as the
means of meeting it are diminished by the same cause.
Colonel Harding has made a very creditable reservoir at
the entrance to Balaklava, and there have been isolated
instances here and there of similar foresight, but to the
best of my knowledge nothing has been done to provide
water for " the army "—that thirsty monster with
200,000 or 250,000 months and stomachs, who will soon
he sweltering and gasping beneath a broiling sun, worn
out by exertion, and maddened by want of this vital
necessary. Captain Owen, Royal Engineers, had been
engaged in the interval of his labour in the trenches iu
examining the country in search of water by order of
Lord Raglan, but since that scientific and meretorious
officer was so severely wounded there has not_ been any
engineer, so far as I know, systematically engaged in
the search. The efforts to bore Artesian wells have not
been successful, and I have been informed by Mr. Upton
that he penetrated several hundred feet through the solid
rock beneath the soil of his farm, and failed to find any
trace of water. There has been some weak, bald chat
about " the fleet supplying the army with water."
The bulk of our army is 10 or 12 miles from the
anchorage of the fleet, and water is one of the most
difficult articles to carry known to us. Where are
our tanks, our water-bags, our transport to supply us
from Kamiesch l Above all, where is our transport;
Difficulties have already arisen respecting the carriage
of rum from Balaklava to the front, because it is iu pun-
cheons, and not in smaller vessels. And, then, sup-
pose some accident occurs-to the fleet or to the distil-
ling apparatus ! Is the fleet to remain here to manu-
facture water for the army ? Are we, in sober truth,
to be left to take our chance of dying of thirst in sum-
mer, just as we *ere drowned by wet in winter ? Even
supposing we had possession of the Tchernaya, it would
be far to carry the water up steep hills 200 or 300 feet
above its be.] to the plateau at the east of which it
flows, and the source would remain in possession of the
enemy. This is a vital question, if the army is to re-
main here.

WEDNESDAY
This morning some of the Sardinian cavalry were die.
embarked at Balaklava, and proceeded to their camping
ground, near the French camp of the left. They con-
sisted of Lancers, and were well mounted, handsomely
equipped, sermeable-lookinz men, with a martial air
and hearing. As they passed by our cavalry carup at
Kadikoi they cheEred lustily, one, two, three, and zou-
tinned to do so at intervals, till they had wound up Lhe
road out of sight. The French on the hills above them
turned out, and re-echoed their cheers. The Field-
Marshal went over to visit General De la Marmora
today.

SDAY.
Since the bombardment has ceased there HURis, indred,
very little to record. Lord Raglan took General De la
Marmara into the trenches to-day, and proceeded to the
advanced parallel, explaining the nature of the position.
Oe their return the enemy caught sight of them,
and sect Come unp!easant tokens of their recognition in
the shape of heavy shot and shell, which excited the at-
tention of every one around Lord Raglan, but did not
at all disturb the equanimity or draw the notice of the
I Field-Marshal. The Russians persisted in firing random
shots here, there, and everywhere, and occasionally Mr.
Whistling William drops in an unexpected place, and
does more damage than we bargain for. The work
of arming our advanced batteries continues to be exe-
cuted with alacrity and success, and it is said that we
are about to ta'te the graveyard, a very ugly spot near
the Ovens, which the Russians have for some time oc-
cupied and covered by their fire. We are now moving
all our heavy mortars-13 inches and 10 inches—into
the advanced parallels. A. shell from the enemy fell by
chance yesterday on the platform which bad just been
laid for one of these large mortars, and utterly de-
stroyed it.
There was scarcely a shot fired to-day on either side.
The' Russians are working vigorously at the north
side. They are erecting an earthwork over the 'Tcher-
naya, opposite the eastern angle of the plateau,. under
the very eyes of the French battery.,

Heat fiery great. The Light Division, in light
marching order, were reviewed by Sir George Brown
to-day. Lord Raglan and General De /a Marmora
visited the right attack, and went along the trenches to
the advanced parallel. There was a general inspection
of all the cavalry to-day by Colonel Parlby, Brigadier-
General commanding cavalry.

There have been daily visits and interviews between
the allied Generals, principally at Lord Raglan's quar-
ters ; and since the departure of Omer Pasha on Tuesday,
not a day has passed that the Field-Marshal, Gen. Can-
robert, and Gen. La Marmora have not been in conver-
sation. Sir George Brown has also been a frequent vi-
sitor at head-quarters of late, and has almost become
himself again ; and General Pennefather has also paid
his respects to the Commander-in-Chief. The Third
Division, under Sir Richard England, now consists of
a great number of regiments, and when they are
strengthened it is probable some change will be made
in the distribution. The Sardinians are encamped on
the slopes of the pleasant bills all round Karanyi.
Many of them have only the tente d'abri of the French,
a little larger, perhaps, and not quite so light. The
tents of the Sardinian Lancers are upheld by their lances,
which are stuck into the earth one at each end of the
tent ; and their encampment, with its waving pennons,
has a very pretty effect. The English are nearly all
cleared out of Karanyi village, but our Commissariat
divides the labour of feeding the inhabitants with the
Intendance of the French, and takes it in turn about
every half-month. The Sardinian horses are rather
leggy, bat they are in excellent condition. They are
certainly not such formidable neighbours as the
horses of the 10th Hussars, which have most erratic
habits, break their picket-ropes, tear off , through
the camps at night, and are small terrors to the
quiet sleepers in the vicinity, whose tents are rudely
agitated in the darkness by these playful steeds. It
was only yesterday that an officer of artillery and an
officer of the Bth Hussars, in company with myself, were
riding peaceably along through one of the vales near
Karanyi, w hen suddenly we heard cries of " Look out !
look out I" and lo ! there came a furious steed, his mane
and tail erect, down upon us. He had stepped forth
out of a pulk of Hussar horses which were feeding on
the meadow grass to offer us battle, and rushed at full
gallop towards our ponies. " Out swords !" was the
word, as the interesting quadruped ran round us, now
menacing us with his heels, now with his teeth, but he
was repelled by two bright swords and one strong whip,
and at last, to our great relief, he caught a glimpse of
Colonel Mayo, who was cantering by in utter ignorance
of his danger, till he was warned by the shouts of the
soldiers. The Colonel defended himself and horse with
great resolution and courage, and drawing his sword,
gave point or cut right and left, as the exigencies
of the case required, till the men came up and
beat off the interesting creature. These are agree-
able episodes, but it is rather too exciting this hot
weather to have superadded to the chances of war
and disease the contingency of being demolished by the
teeth or heels of an insane Arab. The officers of the
10th Hussars are considerably disgusted by a report,
which is only too true, that the regiment is to be re-
duced from the Indian to the Crimean service establish-
ment, the effect of which will be most injurious to the
supplementary officers in retarding their promotion.
The junior officers in excess of the Crimean service
standard will be put on half-pay, or be borne on the re-
gimental books as supernumeraries for service, and they
will only get full employment as vacancies occur from
time to time. The same regulation will apply, it is said,
to the 12th Lancer, and thus two lieutenant-colonels,
two majors, eight or ten captains, and a number of
subalterns will not only be deprived of the fair chances
of regimental promotion, but will very probably inter-
fere with the promotion of officers in the other cavalry
regiments ! I shall ascertain if this report be true, and
acquaint you with the particulars. At present it seems,
if not explained away, rather an eccentric proceeding, to
reduce the efficiency of our two most servicable regi-
ments at the very moment when we Stand most in need
of cavalry.

SATURDAY,
The heat continues excessive. At the present moment
(11 o'clock a.m.) the thermometer is 95 deg. The
Second Division are under arms, undergoing a general
inspection and mild field-day by General Pennefather
and staff, but the men are in light marching order.
Two deserters came from Sebastopol and were sent
up to head-quarters this morning. They are said to
have reported that the Russian army is very strong, but
that the heat has rendered the town intolerable, and
that sickness prevails to an alarming extent.
There is no apparent preparation for a move. The
cavalry turned out 18 squadrons (1,000 strong) on parade
yesterday.

The following memorandum has been issued by Cap-
tain Heath, for the prevention of stewards and others
charging exorbitant prices for articles brought up from
Constantinople. This will do good, I have no doubt,
for at present we are dreadfully imposed on :
"Triton, Balaklava, May 10.
" I am informed that much scandal has been caused by
the stewards and others in some of her Majesty's hired
transports selling private articles at exorbitant prices.
" I consider that it is greatly to the benefit of the army,
and of all persons employed in this expedition, that ships
running backwards and forwards should, when there is
room, be allowed to bring private stores on private specu-
lation. The quantity brought, however, should be so
limited in amount that the and the public service may not be im-
peded, prices should be so reasonable as tolorbid
the imputation to which I have refered.
" To attain the first of these objects a regulation has, I
believe, already been made at Constantinople, that no pri-
vate stores for sale are to be shipped from that port with-
out permission from the Tlansport-office ; and I have fur-
ther to direct that, on arrival at Balakleva, whether from
Constantinople or any other port, a list of private stores
for sale is to be brought to me.
"To attain the second object—viz., that the articles so
brought should be sold at reasonable prices—I have to
direct that the masters of transports will notifyto the
stewards and others who may be in the habit of trading
on board their respective ships, that they are not allowed
to charge more than one-eighth in addition to the prices
on shore at place of shipment for dead stock, such as
hams, ale, &c., and one-fifth for live stock.
" Thus, ale costing 12s. per dozen in store at Constanti-
nople
" A turkey costing 58. at port of shipment may be sold
here for 6s.
" I beg the stewards may be informed that, if itphenld
become known to me that these proportions have been ex-
ceeded, all trading in that ship will be stopped.
ylinrgeloyuotn
• • but to rescue our service from
the good of the expedition,
carrying ththesee rn l assistanceregulations. so! masters
objecto transports
is
n in
imputations
in
others
which,
been
moatalthouu9i
although is n
t 7... some cases well founded,
have

"I.L. G. HEATH,
" Captain and Principal Agent of Transports.
" To the Masters of all hired Transports."

THE FORTIFICATIONS OF KAMIESff

(Front the Moniteur.)

Balaklava presents an aspect of extraordinaryactivity,
and the amount of stores of all kinds put on shore is be-
yond conception. When an army has to be fed from
beyond seas, one sees what an all-consuming creature it
is, and some notion can be formed of its powers of de-
struction in passing through a cultivated country. Piles
of shot, cannon, shell, and cases of shrapnel, canister,
&c., mounds of charcoal bags and wood, and heaps of
puncheons full of edibles rise up on every side along the
water's edge. The harbour is, however, now scarcely
recognisable, so great is the order prevailing among the
shipping, as compared with past times, and so vast the
improvements in the wharfs and quays along its shores.
John Bull is. sowing his money broadcast all over the
Chersonese. There cannot be a better instance of the
profuseness of our expenditure than that which is fur-
nished by the sailing men-of-war maintained in Rion for the sake of the sailors of the Naval B igecninis-
longing to them. These ships cost the Countryroe
friu.soefl.ewsad,re. not-
bas be-
longing
thou-
sands of pounds, and are cqoumapiatrieastiaysel
withstanding their excellent •
been calculated that ever seamanlYll
Brigade belonging to the BailinY
men-of-war who is on
25/gper diem ; but that is
the Naval
shore here costs the country
au effort of arithmetical ingenuity into the results of
which I cannot take upon myself to investigate, and
do not by any means
trahetercigialciytheef
Bwllhbiiceho tlhite attracted 80 much attentionc ° r
r(I

a.edri.eanteadvaiciine
The la ,t despatches from the Crimetloatsaaueramislniln,iane
88ibotiobiu: dn advance
oc ea particularity
t iri
with-
out .v.hi tta :ohtuf..
rapidlythe
towards fortifications
completion.iuteerdadt tih.
notehTptinehh:sesisteiet7ccreuetmurKimii
wetfind the following
ooao uuf besieged
ae
Psdfiroelgurcteheidtdfi eett ndho et7ac, place,
nonda n during
todrnuect of nof Santa F 4 by Ferdinand
gat the approach of
With-
and Isabella, while they were besiegin
to raise the 'siege
,A,
Tc According diinogo
Moors
so M
flatteredad oz, S atntiteamFB tie l
vweas a b •
wJoinhtnerßiwgolaunldcHomispteolrythofe Spainnistians 1491.
Ferdinand, in order to protect his
sbturtoyt
ohde
tmheisashuorepse. which
cy of the weather, had i vast
soldiers from the Mel
camp of barracks solidi them adopt soon de-
mud, and covered with with with stones and
camp assumed the a e Iles, and in a short time this
ditches and rampart'? arance of a town surrounded by
construction was c • The promptitude with which this
tance proved to the ompleted, and its extent and impor-
of the Castilians ' people of Grenada the perseverance
Ramiesh, the a • To return to the fortifications of
announcement of their construction will
only surprise those who may have forgotten thatwar pru-
dencetheand surest elements ofisuccess that it must always Ferheredtnhiney saw.
heaccorompriaeoty tohfefvoart?fuyri
that success. the Bay of
Karniesh was long sinceP
decided on, and at the 'corn-
nwgh which achieves
Mencement of the present year the Emperor called the
attention of the General-in-Chief to this important eb-
ject ; the severity of the weather, however, and the more
pressing exigencies of the siege operations did not
.allow
and will be soon completed. • Ka-
the works being ,commenced as soon as
.was wished.
Thanks, to the arrival of the numerous reinforcements
sent time a. French port, the impor-
lately received by the allied
. army, it is now Carried'
on
tangs iitehs hgo
irfseawatthitechhteivwilitl3;le' increase
. with the extension given to
:hoe:::
• which henceforth leave the as
the operations in the Crimea. It
tial that we should secure the possession of it by fen.
, #8481311.
sire works, . . .
possi-
bility of disputing it with us, no