The National Register.
London, England, 1817-09-01 00:00:00

--0.-
BANKRUPTS.

VALTWI J. V,llllllington, Oxford, dealer, Sept. 0, 10, Oct. 7, at Ox-
fed. Att. Mr. Crafts.,ian. Foley-street, Portland-place.
TIOOIERKE F. White Hall. Carmarthen, dealer, Sept. 18, 19, Oct.
7,it Carmarthen. Att. Mr. Price. Lincoln's Inn.
Barr! J. T. Hondura-street, Old-street, distiller, Sept. 6, 16,
Oct. 7, at Guildhall. Au. Mr. Martin. Vintners' Hall.
I) \UNCEY .1. Balstonbury, Somerset. Cattle dealer, Sept. 22, 23,
Oct. 7, at Simonet. Atts. Messrs. Dyne and son. Lincoln's Inn-
fields.
TUCK FITT P. and TttCYFTT W. Bristol, grocers, Aug. 30, Sept. 9,
and Oct. 7, at Bristol. Att. Mr. Thompson, Gray's Inn-square.
Big r-1-11 R. J. Brecon, ironmonger, Sept. 12.13, Oct. 12, at Here-
flat. Att. Mr. Pugh, Bernard-Im%, Russell-square.

111VIDEND5.
II clerk, Derebarn. Norfolk, inn-keeper, Sept. 9.0.
J. P. 11. Ilagedoni. Old llrnul-street, merchant. Sept. 17.
E. Drown" and 'l'. liindlc, Blackburn, Lancaster,grocets,merchanst,
Sept.
J. Ilturison, London, merchant, Sept. 16.
w. Wood. Monmouth, grocer, Sept. 18.
T. Coward. Bath,linen-draper, Sept. 17.
J. Newnhani, l'ortslade, S'u.s.ex, brewer, Sept. IR.
T. Y,ounghusband and E. Walker, Newgate-street, warehousemen,
Sept. 16..
W. Piper, I lammersmith, bar Kc-builder. Sept. 20.
J. Parthint:. St. Jo'm Street, victualler, Oct.
L. Gray, and 'P. Lever, Newgate-street, worsted trimming manu-
facturers, Sept. 16.
11. II igginson, Finsburv-souare, merchant, Sept. 16,
Maciion. Sheffield, silver plater, Sept. 19.
U. Lewin, Bishopsgate.street, jeweller, Sept. 16.
It More, Slome-street. Chelsea. carpenter, Sept. 16.
„T. Cooper, Carlton, Lincoln, horse-dealer, Sept. 16.
J. Edwards, Clare-street, Clare-maket, silversmith, Sept. 16.
J. Cunningham, Market-street. liedforl, corn-dealer, Sept. 16.
T. Iler'Jnt, Ilanway-street, 0 ford• street, baberdadicr, Sept. 16.
P.. qrafron. Liverpool, glasi, am! earthenware-dealer, Sept. 18.
C. Orinsted, Horsham, Suisex, banker, Sept. 19.
lilrich, Croydon, hanker, Sept. 16.
It. Pellowe, Falmouth. fiercer, Sort. 16.
C. Martin, Brecon. inn-keeper, Sept. 16.
It. Collins, Straatl, jeweller, Oct. 50.

CERTIFICATh:S, SEPT. 16.

. .
P. B. Bland, Torkington, Chester calico-printer—.T. Shemin,
Safford, iron-founder—E. Bourne, Burslcm, Stafliml,emhnu-
facturer of earthen-ware—R. Sanderson, Achlam, upon tlx Wolds,
York, fanner.

The Gazette of TtaAay night announces the ap-
pointment of Lieutenant General Francis Thomas Ham-
mond to the Office of Chief ['perry to his Royal High-
ness the Prince Regent, and Clerk Marshal of the Sta-
bles, in the room of Sir Benjamin Bloomfield promoted.
S,mt; of the good old sterling Comedies are to
viva the ensuing season at Drury-Lam. Theat.-e, o.le
theiz is said to b.. 2. Ben Johnson's PO/ponc ; 0,-, the
r, as altered by Garrick, in which there are two cha-
ra,7ters admirably adapted to the ‘l)ilitiett of Kean and
Manden. The stage at Drury-lane is to be lighted with
gas ; and it is supposed will produce a more agreeable
c:fect up:m the eye , than if a large lustre were suspend-
e.l in the middle of the Theatre. The whole of the
Corps de Ballet is- struck off from the list of expendi-
tare, as it was considered that the time which they or-
c,lpied greatly prolonged, without much improving the
entertainments of the evening. Both the Theatre?' have
arranged to begin the performances at seven o'clock in
future.

'fur FEMAIA Eve.—A modern writer gives the
following enumeration of the expression of a female
eye :—'file glare, the stare, thz leer the sneer, the in-
vitation, the defiance, the denial, the consent, the
giutee of love, the flash of rage, the sparkling of hope,
tire lati:,tiishvo.mt of alllntt.i, the splint of sullition,
thafire-'of jca',ltu•:;:, and the lus;.tc ui.ricasure.

TITE NATION(AT, nEGISTrII

REVIEIV OF L17'E1t471,711r.

MARINER'S ACCOUNT OF THE TONGA ISLANDS.

Cott inucd from our last.
Our extract from this interesting work left Mr. Ma-
riner on board the brig Favourite, Copt Fisk, to which
vessel' he had eti;?eted his escape: 1* the course of the
morning, several canoes came along side, and, by mid-
day, the king himself, with his sister, and several of her
female attendants, bringing with them hogs and yams
as presents, Su great was the confidence of the kid
in the good faith of our countrymen, that he, as well as
the females, slept on board all night, and it was with
sonic difficulty that Mr. Mariner and Capt. Fisk per-
footled him to give up the idea of accompanying them
to Eng-laral. flefOre the departure of the ship, Mr.
Mariner recovered the Journal of the Port-au.Prince,
which he had carefully concealed during the time of his
residence on the island. He also procured three Eng-
lishmen (part of the crew of the Port-au-Prince) to be
brought off,' one of whom, however, declined return-
ing to England.

The ship how prepared to take her departure from Va-
vaoo, uml Mr. Mariner to take leave ot his Varmito Ii lends,
prohahiy for ever : the king again e:abraeeil kiln in ill- 111014
alleetionate manner. made him repeat his promises to re.
turn, it possible, to Tonga, an:l take lout back to Eogland,
that he might least. to ce".l books of history, study astronomy,
and thus acipiire a pop..!initEliropealo mind. As to the go-
vernment ot Vavaun, tie said tint might be consigned to the en.
verinnent of Its uuele, who would make a good king, for he
was a brave MID, a wise man, stud withal a lover of peace.
At this parting, abundance of tears were shed en both sides,
Finow returned to his With a heavy heart, and Mr. Ma-
riner felt all the sweet bitterness of parting from laugh loved
friends to visit one's native country ; he bade a long :Wien to
the brave and wide Finow Fiji,—to the spirited and heroic
lia'a Api Api,—natural characters which want of opportu-
nity renders scarce, or which lire not obs:!rvahle ainid the
bustle and b-nsint Si of civilized life. The canoe returned to
the beach,—the ship got tinder way, and steered her course
to the Hapai islands, leaving VaVAIIII bad all her dourishing
plantations lesse 1111 l g ill the distance.

We shall now present our readers with extracts of
such portions of the work as may make them acquainted
with the peculiar manners of the people; tin., upon this
subject, Mr. Mariner's information is very superior to
that of any of those who have preceded him in their
visits to this interesting part of the globe.
" One morning iltariug Finow's stay at this island, some of
the natives brougin to Mr. Mariner his watch, which they had
procured from out of his chest, and with looks of curiosity
inquired what it was. He took it from them wound it up,
put it to the ear of one of them, and returned it : every hand
was now outstretched with eagerness to take hold of it : it
was applied in limns to their ear.: the y wcre a.tonildictl at
the nuts it made they listened again to it; turned it on
every side, and exclaimed " niu-son" (it is alive!) : they then
pinched and hit it, us it expecting at would squeak out ; they
loosed at each other with wonder, laughed aloud, snapped
their lingers, and made a sort of clocking noise with the
tongue (expressing anittzethent) One orought a sharp stone
for'Mr. Mariner to force it open with ; he opened it in the
proper way. and slier; ed them the works ; several endea-
voured to seize hold vitt at Once, autl he who gut it ran away
akb it, and all the rest atter I . In about au hour they it:-
trolled with the watch completely broken to pieces. One had
the case, another the broken the wheels and works
wet e distributed among them. They (lieu gave him the frag-
totems, and 'mole signs to him to put it together, and make
it du as it did Mho e : upon which lie gas e them to mide.stand
tut they had killed it, and that it was impossible to bring it
to lite again. Hie man alio considered it his property 4:ls-
claimed moirmir spoiled!), and made a hissing noise, ex-
pressive of disappointment : he accused the rest of using
violence, and they iu return ace a.ed I • And Otte another.
Whilst they Were dint in high dispute, there Came another
native, who had seen and learned lime use of a watch on
hoard a French slop ; when lie least toil the cause of their
dispute, he called tnein all cur elite (a pack of fouls), and ex-
plained, in the following manlier, the use of the watch :--
making a circle in ihe sand, with sundry marks :Wont its cir-
cumference, aril turtling a suck about the reotre of the Cir-
cle, to rep esetit jilt iittleN, he liithrisieti them that the use of
the wan b nits to tell %litre the sun was ; that when the sun
was in the east, the watch would voila to such a marls, and
when the sun was highest it ;sunlit point here, and when in
the west it would pinta there; and this, lie said, the watch
would do, although it Wit.. in it (tout-c, could not See the
sun; and iii the nigtit•tiiiie, lie added, it would tell what por-
tool ota day's lunglii it would lit bider(' the sun would rise
again. It would lie &lilt-lilt to to trey au attenitale idea of
vise said it was an ittiothur .aid
it was it ; unit when this mail (Old tlictit it wits maim-
factui cd, they all exclaimed F./allots hoio s. hat an ingenious
country ! Ail this Mr. Mariiier collected partly by- weir ges-
tures, and afterwards more folly when he undeisimid their
language, and conversed with this man, who always ;Hided
himself upon his knon ledge of the use ul' watch, calling hum
sell palaugi Eiti ()prim)."

The thllowing account which Mr. Nlariner received
of the dezmiction of the Alissionaries, is more circum-
stantial than any hitherto published by the survivors ;
indeed, there appears to have been so total a want of
common sense in their proceedlags, that we do not
wonder st their being ashamed to communicate the real
truth.

As Mr. Mariner had in his possession a few printed
books and some %irking paper, Ile 554 S often found by Finow
either writing its reading : !day the latter desired hill' to
give op all his books :mil papers; which, when he had done,
he had the lifieatioa 10 tion that they were ordered to be
On requiting au expianaiion of this extraordinary
conduct, on the part of it Mall m 110 appeai cd on other tura
slow to he so tttttt triend, lie i.as ntlbrnu d, throtir,la the
medium of 'Coin Tom, that the king could not, on any de•
coital anon him to firm:llse Mueherall to the injury of the
priloe; dud tii.it it oi.is 55,11 Amts II to Ilse king awl
1.. that Sleek. VIM, ',apt IN %I'll: iii•triniv ins
and oilcans of invbcalitik„ to itring th..vu • 0,111. 1•% II Or plat,lit•
1111011 the (-wintry. Mr. Alai liter could t %sell comply-

SFPT. Y.

hem' Tooi Tool's interpretation ; but when he afterwards un-
derstood the language, the king explained to hits his opinion
of hooks and papers, and gave his reasons for that opinion in
the following account Some years ago, on the arrival of an
European vessel, one of the' white men came to live among
them by choice. This man's more was Morgan. He lived
for a considerable time on terms of great friendship with the
natives, and was much respected by them. Sonic time after •
wards there came another European vessel, (the Duff, Capt.
W lists's, with the missionaries,) and from this ship also there
came several white men, to live by choice among them. The
white men that conic last built a house, in which they used`
idles to shut themselves up, to sing and perform ceremonies,
(cis Fitton/ expressed it). Matters as cut on very well for some
thin.; at length a quarrel ensued between Morgan and the
other white men, at first about au iron pot which he wanted
to borrow of them, and then about some pigs which they sa:d
he hail stolen from them : upon this they Wm mod the chiefs
that this Moreau had been a tyid mail in his own country, and
was under sentence of banishment fur his from
the toll execution ni as Melt he had escaped. (lie hat
escaped lions Botany Hay.) The people then begets to
treat Moreau w Soh every species of insult, so that his life wet
very tiocirafortaldc, and often in great danger. Mut gan iu
his tin n told dm chiefs who tiny were ; viz. that they were
men sent out b; the Kiag of England, to bring a pi stileuce
upon the people of Tonga, and that they accordingly shot
thirsts, Ives ep in this house, to pertin in witchcraft, and make
incantations, which was the cause of the pestilence that then
raged; (there was an epidemic disease at the time, w bleb was
very fatal among the chiefs, two or three dying every day,)
and that all their books were books of w itcheraft. The chiefs
began to take alorgan's statement into serious consideration
there certainly was a great mortality among them : the white
men often assembled, and sang very loud; besides which,.
they would nut let the Tonga people be present ; and to pre-
vent them even from peeping through the ereviecs of the reed
fencing of the house, they st,ipt them tip with all kinds of
filth, knowing that the cleanliness of the Tonga people would
not then allow them even to approach. And the chief said to
themselves, if these people are doing no harm, why do not
they allow ask) be present? we du not c-nceal our ceremo-
nies (ruin them, why do not they expose theirs to ns? In the
meanwhile Morgan said to the chiefs, You see the effect
oftlseir incantations; several of you arc dying every day ;
by and by you will be all cut off, and the king of England will
take possession of your islands; for, although you have the
remedy in your power, you will not make use of it.'—The
chiefs took the alarm in time ; they rushed upon the white
men, and killed all but three, who were under the protection
of Vearlii,' a great chief."

The following passage is highly curious, as afford-
ing another proof that heiroglyphics are the origin of
letters. Finow was astonished that his name could
he written by one person, and recognized by another
without his head or his limbs being pourtraye+l. Had
the paper contained any objects familliar to the eve a
Finow, his astonishment would have no doubt
less.

Mr. Mariner, hayloft, heard that European ships more fre-
quently touched at sings' than at any of the other islauds,
written, while yet at Tonga, an F.ngliall letter :will) a so-
lutiou of gunpowder and a little mucilage for ink,) on soi.se
paper which one of the native§ had bail a long time in
possession, and addressed it to whomsoever it mi;dit be, stat-
ing the cirrimistonces of his situation, and that of II coin.
pasiions. 'Else letter he had ceistided to the care of thisrlisel
of Nlatanga, (the consecrated place formerly ms idiom its with
directions to give it to the captain of any ship that might ar-
iive at Tonga. Tooi Tooi, (the :sandw ieli i•slandei) having
somehow heard of this letter, mentioned it to Finow, and re-
presented it to be a notice to Eine/lean ships of the tat t• of
the Port au Minn., and a request to take revenge for the
ilestisictiou of her crew. Finow imineshrtely sent for the•
letter, and, under souse pretext or ;souther, mooing il it tram '
the chief of Malatiga. When it was put into hi, hands, tic
looked at it on all sides; but lint being able to make a::y
thing isf it, lie gave it to one of the Englishmen who was at
liaml,(Mr. Mariner not be;tig present) and ordered him to
tell him what it meant. The mail took the letter, and trans •
luting pait of it into the Tonga language, judiciously repre-
sented it to be merely a request to any English captain ilia
might arrive, to interfere with Fiume for the fiber: y of Mr.
Milliner and his countrymen; stating, dust they, Intil been
kindly treated by the natives, but, nevertheless, isishcd to
return, if possible, to their native country. This aas not,
indeed. the true substance of the letter, out it was what was
least likely to give offence ; and V•e. chief accordingly re-
marked, that is was very nazi al for these poor fellows to
wish to go hack to their native country and friends
This mode of communicating sentiment was ass inexplica-
ble puzzle to Fiume ; he took the letter again and examined
it, but it affor.ied him no information. lle thought a little.
within himself; but his thoughts relit cted no light upon the
',object. At length he sent for tie. Mariner, mil desired
him to write down something; the latter asked what lie
wool,' (ionise to have wt siren ; lie replied, put &swill roe ; lie
accordingly wrote." l',..enow;" CUM git accordingly to the
strict English orthography,) the tde( then scut for another
Eligh,limaii, who had not been are cat, and commanding
Ntr. denier to turn his back, and look another way, lie Rase
the paper, and di:sited blot 10 tell what that was ; he accord-
Mgt., pronoiliwed aloud the name of the king, upon which
',Mow snatched the paper trout his hand, and, will* astunisli-
inent, looked at it, turned it round, oust examined it in all
directions; at length he exclaimed, 0 This is neither like
myself nor any body else! where ate my eye., where is my
head ? —where are my legs?—How can you possibly know It
to be I?" and then, without stopping for any attempt at an
explanotion, lie impatiently ordered Mr. Mariner to write
something else, and thos ein; loved hint for tines or lour
hums in putting down rile nano, of different persons, places,
and things, and making the other man read them. This
atiOrtled extraordinaiy diversion to Finovv, and to all the
men and women pi e§ent, particularly as he now and then
whispered a little love anecdote, is Inch was strictly written
'lowa. and audibly read by the other, not a little to the
contusion of one or other of the ladies present; but it was
all lake II in j;00,1 IIUIIIOIII., fur curiosity and astonishment
were the ',revolting passions. How their names and cii cum-
stances email UC emilinunicated through so mysterious a
11:11i11111l.k, was altoget:ser past their conipteliension. Finns'
hail long sign forowd his opinion of books and paper-, (see
p. bat, and this as .ls resembled is it chill aft as any thing
iie had ever seen or heard of. Mr. Mariner in ails atienii-
ed toexplaiii. •He had yet too Mender a knowledge of their
liusan:tge 10 make 111.11S1-11. CI. l'SlOOll
it would nut base been an eat) mater to have ii.e

SEPT. 1.

deomposition of elementary sounds, and of arbitiary signs
•tapressiye of thent, to a people whose minds wine already
formed to tither modes of thinking, •111111 whose language had
few expressions bat what concerneir the ordinary affairs of
The tally rational mode would have been, to have in-
veuted a system of spelling, and to have gone through the,
.usual routine of teaching it. Fitiow, at length, thought he
had got a 11V1101) of itond explained to dom. about him that
it was very possible to lint down a mark or sign of something
that had been seen both• by the writer and readerond which
should lie mutually understood by them; but Mr. Marirmr
i.umedlately- informed hiin, that lie could write-down any
thing that' he had never seen I the king directly whispered
to him to put Toogoo Ahoo (the king of Tonga, whom lie
and Toobo Neuha had assassinated many years before Mr.
Mariner's arrival). This was accordingly done, and the
other searf it, when Finuw was yet more astonished, and
declared it to be the most wonderful thine he had ever
beard of. He then desired kim to write " Tarky," (the
chief of the garrison of Bea,. whom Mr. Mariner and Its
companions had nut yet seen ; this el.: ,f was blind in one
'eye). When "Tarky" was read, Finow enquired whether
he was blind or not, this was putting wilting to an unfair
,t est ! and Mr. Mariner told hint thAt he hail only written
down the step standing for the sound of his name, and not
for the description of his person. lie then ordered to write,
•" 'fatly, blind in his left eye," which was done, and read
ti the increased astonishment of every body. Mr. Mariner
A ten told him, that, in several Farts of the world, mesrages -
were sent to great distruces thr.:ugh the same medium,
and being folded and fastened up, the bearer could know
nothing of the contents; and that the histories of whole na•
:tons were tints handed down to posterity, without spoiling by
.being kept (as he chose to express himself'). Finow acknow-
ledged this to be a most noble invention, but aAded, that it
would not at all do for the Tonga islands, that there .would
be nothing but disturbances and conspiracies, and he should
not be sane of his lire, peoltaps, another mouth. He confessed,
however, that he should like to know it himself, and for all
the women to know it, that he might make love with less
risk of discovery. and not so much chance of getting his brains
knocked out by their husbands.
• The letter, in fact, was an advice to European ships to go to the
Papal islands, in preference to the island of Tonga, as being a better
rhea, for victualling: advising, at the some time, not to sutler many
•of nativis to ba on board at once, lest they should meet with the
saw fate as the Pott AU Prince, but, if pos-ible, to make-some of the
prisoners, and keep them as hostages, till Mr. Mariner and his
companions were delivered up.