The Sun.
London, England, 1855-01-15 00:00:00

OMER PACHA AND HIS OLD ENEMY.

A letter from Bucharest of 29th ult., says :
" You will have learned that Omer Pacha only left
Rustchuk fir Varna on the 18th of this month, and
that he hoped to be able to embark for the Crimea on
the Ist of January. You know also that his accusation
against Riza Pacha, the Minister of War, who is his
mortal enemy—having left him in want of everything--
has had no success in the Council, and that Riza Pacha
has proved on the contrary that he had provided for the
wants of the army, and that Omer Pacha had neglected
the means of transport. The latter, who always wishes
to do well, but does not always clearly see the
means, was greatly irritated and wished to go to
Constantinople to support his accusation ; but he
could not obtain the necessary authorisation. His
corps d'armee, which is at Varna, refased to embark for
the Crimea before receiving three months' pay, and being
assured of its subsistence. There only remain in Wel.
lachia ten battalions of infantry, and a regiment of ca-
valry ; and they are stationed at Bucharest, Braila,
Giurgevo, and Kalarash. Ismail Pacha (of Kalafat),
replaces the Muchir Omer Pacha in the command of
the army of the Danube. The Imperial Commissioner
of the Sublime Porte, Dervish Pacha, is decidedly
to leave to-morrow, to return to Constantinople
with Rhis suite, to report an the investigation he
has made into the administration of Prince Stirbey.
This departure has naturally reanimated the hopes
of all the pretenders to the office of Hospodar. The
partisans of Prince Stirbey comp'ain that the investi-
gation of Dervish Pacha has been made without his
participation, and without the slightest explanation being
demanded from him. They ask if such an extraordinary
and exceptional measure 2,4 that of an investigation
against the administration of a reigning Prince ought
not to have been based on a formal act of accusation,
and if that act ought not to have been communicated
to him. They represent that when in 1841 an in-
quiry was instituted at the request of Russia, by two
commissioners, one Russian and the other Otto.
man, into the conduct of Prince Alexander Ghika,
it was preceded by a hostile address from the general
assembly of the representatives of the country. What
causes it to be believed that no very friendly sen-
timents towards Prince Stirbey are entertained at
Constantinople, is the text of the conclusion of a.
despatch from Reschid Pacha to Dervish Pacha, dated.
the 30th September, 1854, and which the latter com-
municated at the time to the Consuls and to the boyards,
who are candidates for the office of Hospodar : You
will not embarrass the administration of Prince Stirbey,
but you will pursue the inquiry, and it may lead to the
dismissal of the Prince.' The Gov.ernment continues to
make extensive changes in the administration, and it
cannot be denied that they will prove advantageous.
The Russian protégés are being removed to make way
for a class of young administrators, wh.o have almost a'A
been educated at Paris, and who will soon propagate in
an efficacious way the civilising ideas of the reigning
Prince. The children of the Prince have for some time
been at a college in Paris."

STATE OF TRADI.

MANCHESTER, Jan. 12.—The favourable effect pro-,
duced on our market by the political announe ement4
which so much surprised us in the beginning of th.ie week,
has suffered diminution from day to day, as it ',became
more and more evident that no result in accordar tee vrith
the righteous objects of the allies was likely to be at-
tained through the proposed negotiations, wh Dee real
purpose would seem to be a further bamboozle :merit of
Austria. As this purpose was suspected from the -first,
our market was only so far influenced as 1:o show
a little increase of business in yarns, with a slight
stiffening in the prices of some kinds, while in. goods
the existing dullness remained undisturbed, except'
by isolated sales en the lowest terms previously
submitted to. We are closing the week T dthout any
improvement in any descriptions of do ch ; indeed,
those articles which have been so freely taken by the
Greeks are quieter than they were. The week's trans-
actions in yarns have been but moderate .in their aggre-
gate :amount, generally at the previo as quotations,
only ;very partially at an advance of 'Ad. per lb., and:,
this less easily obtainable now than ,an Tuesday last.
We regret to hear of the failure of a large general
mercantile house at Ancona.
The American advices state the New York cotton
market as very irregular in the week ending the. 2 6th
ult. ;1 but about that date the decline in prices was
arrested. The latest accounts from the south report
cotton as steady.

,TIIE COMMON LAW PROCEDURE
ACT. 1854.

It is confidently anticipated that the alteration
effected in tho administration of the common law by the
Cominon Law Procedure Act of 1854 will cause a very
great accession of business in the superior courts. The
alterations are of the utmost importance to the auitor in
the progress of an action at law.
Before thethis
passing of act, where it became neces-
sary or a party to an action to obtain the contents of
any eeds or documents in anywise relating to the
mat rin
and expensive process of a bill of dis-
question, he was compelled to go through the
t,
urt of Chancery. This is now effected
et eo dv ieg ut
ys i
nd il
theat•
er yo,
in the most summary and inexpensive way. It is only
necessary to obtain the order of the court or of a judge.
The saving of time and money in this alone is very great..
The plaintiff or defendant may, during the progress
of an action, by the leave of a court or a judge, deliver
interrogatories to the opposite party, which he is com-
pelled to answer on oath.
Another very important alteration effected by this
act is, that a
plaintiff may endorse on his writ of sum-
mons that he intends to claim a writ of mandamus ; and
if he succeeds in his action he will be entitled to the
writ, and the defendant will be commanded to perform
the contract or duty in question, and in default will be
liable to an attachment.
Formerly if a bill of exchange or promissory note
was lost or mislaid, the party entitled to it could not
maintain an action on it in consequence of his inability
to produce it ; but now he may recover by giving the
defendant an indemnity against the claims of any other
person.
Before the passing of this act when a plaintiff brought
an action of detinue, and succeeded in it, the defendant
might deliver up the thing detained, or pay the value ;
but now he must deliver up the article itself. It often
happened that the thing detained was of great impor-
tance to the plaintiff, and,yet he was obliged to put
up with the loss.
Another alteration of great importance is, that if it
should be necessary, during the progress of an action,
to obtain the affidavit of any person, and he were to re-
fuse or decline to make it, a judge at chambers is em-
powered to order his attendance, and to examine him on
oath.
It often occurred that a defendant, on being sued,
was compelled to file a bill in a court of equity for relief,
not plead it at common law, the defence
equitable nature ; but in cases of this kind
tbahseeilingee ooc info mual odn n law courts have under this act equitable
jurisdiction.
There are many other alterations effected by this act
of the utmost public importance. Many persons will
doubtless be induced to bring actions in the superior
courts who were deterred before.