The Sun.
London, England, 1855-11-14 00:00:00

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‘eaty's Transport Storeiat

"Grey Cloth Groat Coats.... 1,000 No.
Do. Jaciie s ...... . ..... •• .. 1,000 No.
Do. Trousers ... • l,OOO Pairs
Eo, 1 Calico Shirts.... ...... 2,000 No.
, Grey Worsted Stockings
Neckhandkerchiets.... •••••••. • .• .. • • 1,000 No.

ViZ.,
o
Its

1.1,5 I Caps
...Blucher Boots l,OOO Pairs

4T
3

E Blue Cloth Great Coats 5O No.
Do. Uniform. Frock Coats 5O No.
k.o Do,, ,do. Trousers
it Do. Caps
Half to be delivered in three weeks, and the remainder in three
weeks afterwards, or earlier, if preferred by the party tendering.
And also for supplying and deli, ering into the said stores all such
quantities of the above Articles of Clothing as may from time to
t me be demanded, under a contract for 12 months certain, and after-
wards until the expiration of three months' warning.
Patterns of the articles and the conditions of the revised contract
may be seen at the said office. No tender will be received after one
o'clock on the day' of treaty, nor any noticed unless ma's on the
printed form provided for the purpose, and which may he obtained
on application at the said office.
Every tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the Admiralty,
and bear in the left-hand corner the words "Tender for Clothing,"
and must also be delivered at Somerset-House.

ROYAL LYCEUM, THEATRE. —THIS
EVENING, and every evening during the
week, the GRAND- ELEUSINIAN SPECTACLE of MAGIC
and MYSTERY, by Professor ANDERSON, the Great
Wizard of the North, in 12 acts, with ever-changing variety
of incidents, continuous surprises, novel and extraordinary
effects.
Magic and Mystery is an entirely new entertainment, pos-
sessing distinctive characteristics and peculiar phases of
amusement. It is not a monologue, for the audience them-
selves perform their parts with the principal actor, some of
them on the stage and others in front ; it is not an exhibition,
for though everything becomes metamorphosed before the
of the: visitors no one can be positive that he sees any.
one thing; but . it is a comedy really performed by the com-
pany; a melodrama replete with startling positions and unex-
pected denouements ; a magnificent spectacle, with 2,000 of
the public every night to appear 'as, auxiliaries ; and an ex-
travaganza, in which- all that seems to be is entirely beyond
the bounds of probability.
Professor; Anderson
.returns his thanks 'to thronged-and
fashionable audiences which have nightly filled the Lyceum,
Theatre to overflow, and by means of whose generous aid he
has been enabled to announce Magic and. Mystery, for. con-
tintiond repetition. Ho believes that no professor of his art
has at any time or in any place been honoured with -an
amount of success so extensive, so decided, and oo unusual.
He would attribute, that • success to three causes; first, that
in his present entertainment he has placed before his visitors
the results of alife sedulously devoted 'to the attainment of
perfected skill in one peculiar art, and to perfect which he
has travelled the globe in every clime ; secondly, that he has
spared no trouble nor expense to put this- entertainment on
the stage in the most elaborate manner, by the employment ,
of the first mechanicians and artists of the day ; and thirdly,
that, while endeavouring to provide amusement for those
who honour him with their presence, he has not forgotten that
it is possible to information also, and that the oppor-
tiutity should not hi neglected of exposing conjuring where:-
ever it has been used, for nefarious purposes, or whenever by
resorting to the conjuror's arts, in an illegitimate manner,
the designing have succeeded- in making' dupes of the
credulous.

The 937 letters on the subject of spirit-rapping, which Pro-
fessor Adderson has received, from the time of opening, the
theatre;np to the present date, bear witness to the great in-
terest Taken on tho subject of this singular delusion ; 'whilst
many of them bear melancholy evidence to the dangers which
attend , a belief in the superstitious nonsense of the " Spiri-
tualists." Judging simply by the correspondence .which has
resulted, Professor Anderson's exposé of spirit-rapping .and
his illustration of the so:called table phenomena, have pro-
duced a sensation unequalled by any previous attempt to ex-
pose a' mischievous and impudent juggle. • It is impossible
for Professor Anderson to reply at length to a tithe of the
communications which reach him on the subject, He regrets
that many of these should come from ladies and gentlemen
who, from their position in society and their well-known in-
tellectial attainments, he would least have expected to have
been converts- to a belief so preposterous in itself, and so
easily susceptible of being controverted and disproved. Every
evening, from the Lyceum stage, Mr. Anderson's opinions on
spirit-rapping are expressed, and every evening, within the
Lyceum, how tables can be made to rap is exhibited
and elucidated. It is respectfully requested that this
public exposition will be accepted generally tis Professor
Anderson's only mode of replying at full length to his
multitudinous correspondents. - He. regrets that the
names ,of the great and learned of the land should
have been made to figure in the documents emanating
from the spirit-rappers, as for instance the following, ex-
tracted from the Morning Advertiser of Thursday, Septem-
oer2o, and taken by that journal from the New York Spiri-
tual Telegraph. It purports to emanate from an American
spirit-rapper, Mr. D. D. Hume :—" Sir David Brewster
frankly confesses that he is sorely puzzled' at what he has
Witnessed, and Lord Brougham acknowledges himself to be
thoroughly nonplussed. Both of these notectmen brought
the whole force of their keen discernment to bear upon the
solution of the phenomena; but the presence of substantial,
actual hands, and the demonstrative strength of the spirits
Who thus clothed themselves for the time, and moved mate-
rial objects about the room, proved to be too much of a ques-
tion for them to master." Mr. D. D. Hume, the author of the
above, bas recently left England, and the following account of
who, and what he is, occurs in the Family Herald, No. 648:
a
—" This young man, who, is Scotchman by birth, and now
in Italy, is a remarkable medium for all the manifestations
Without apparatus. Barnum, who is well-known throughout
the Anglo-Saxon world as a splendidhumbug, offered him 2.000
dellare per annum if he would perform at his museum in New
York.. Barnum then took it for granted that mediums could
be bought. He was somewhat astonished when his offer was
refused. Hume, on telling the fact in London lately, simply
and honestly remarked, that, the money would have been very
acceptable to him, for he was poor, young (under 20), an or-
phan, and in very bad health : but he would have been afraid
of losing his power as a medium, and he would sooner lose
his life, The refusal, however, made Barnum thoughtful.
Re inquired into the subject; and now Barnum, one of the
greatest humbugs in the world, and withal a conjuror; is
one of the firmest believers in spiritualism." It is cer-
tainly surprising to find such a. paragraph as this in the
editorial article of an established journal, the editor of whom
might; be supposed to be sane. Even if .Barnum does believe
in spirit-rapping--does spirit-rapping gain or lose by
this accession to its adherents and, with Barnum's endorse-
ment to it, is this bill, drawn on public credulity, more likely
to be negotiated ? Professor Anderson would believe not :
but, when he finds that educated clergymen of the Church of
England have the temerity to subscribe their names to to gross
a swindle, when he finds that the incumbent of Wortley (the
Rev, N. J: Godfrey) positively asserts his belief in it, and
Writes a book on the subject, he considers it t i be time for
him to state that which he knows of the mechanism by which
it is effected, and the mischief to which it tends. In the
2tforning Advertiser of October 3 appears a letter from Sir
David Brewster, relative to that which he saw at Cox's Hotel.
in company with Lord Brougham, He distinctly states that
which the Wizard of the North proclaims every night—that
sphit-rappingis nothing more than conjuring applied to bad
Purposes, In the Morning Advertiser of the following day,
however, there is an answer to Sir David's letter from one
Who was present when he and Lord Brougham had their
seance with the spirits, in which tho writer says, that " the
table (a large dinner-table, I believe) moved about in the most
extraordinary manner, and, among other things, a large ac-
cordion was convoyed by an invisible agency to my hand and
then to Lord Brougham's, in which, held by his lordship's
right hand, apart from any person, it played an air throug,h-
ont." With such a statement, printed for the edification of
the people of the 19th-century, with the facts before us that
the most talented men of the day are permitting themselves
to be deluded by these juggling spirit-mongers—that the
greatest novelist of the age is now engaged in making it the
subject of a new work, and that a " spiritual convention"
has actually been advertised to be held in St. Martin's-hall,
Professor Anderson trusts that his exposures of the spiritual-
ists of America, as given by him nightly at the Lyceum, will
be received by the people of England as genuine honest at-
tempts to provide an' antidote for the bane of the spiritual
Jugglers.
In the botirse of the last five weeks 100,017 persons have
visited the Lyceum Theatre,—a larger number, it is believed,
than has ever before been assembled within its walls in so
short a period. Magic and Mystery is repeated every even.
ing, the programme being continually changed. Grand
fashionable Day Performance, or Saturday, November 17, at
2 o'clock ; the programme being thus arranged ; •
Part I.—Act 1. The Mesmeric Couch : or, the Clinical
Capabilities Of the Atmosphere : in which the Wizard will do
by magic that which some suppose to be effected by mesmer-
ism, and illustrate the possibility of sleeping unsupported in
the air.

3filse

No. 19,693.]

PUBLICATIONS.

THE AUTIIOR OF "MARGARET MAITLAND."

NOTICt.—LILLIESLEAF, a New Story of
Scottish Life, by the Author of " Margaret Maitland," will
be ready at all the Libraries on the 15th inst., in 3 vols.
Hurst and Vlackett, publishers, successors tVklenry Colburn, 13,
Great Marl ecrough-street.

This day is published,in Bve., price 21e.,

',~~y
s

THE STORY of•the CAMPAIGN o
SEBASTOPOL. Written In the Camp.
By Lieut.-Col. E. BIiIICE HAMLEY, Capt., Royal Artillery.
(Originally Publisted in "Bladkwood's Magazine.)
With Coloured illustrations, drawn in Camp by the Author, Includ
4; a Sketch-Map of Sebastopol and the Sieve-WOrkS.'
Wm. Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and Loudon. -
Orders received by all boAsellers.

NEW SERIAL WORK BY MR. CHARLES DICKENS.

Uniforinwith."Doinbey and Son," "David. Copperflekt" '!Bleak

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Act 2. The Aqua-Avial Paradox ; exemplifying the pOwer
of producing animated nature from fire and water only, and
the possibility of. eliciting from the simplest elements the most
complex forms of ornithological existence.
Act 3. Le Livre des Reeueils Choisies : or, Puck's Own
Pocket Book, with Puck himself within it. Typifying the
evening's entertainment in the production of the very volu-
minoiis from a small volume, in the extraction of magnitude
out of minuteness, in,developing bulk where no space appears
for its existence, in discovering odd things in odd places, and
in bringing forth -unexpected wonders from the most unlikely
place for to be found:
Act 4. Magical Locomotion ; • or, Transition without Trou-
ble. In which will be comprised—the Adventures of a Wed-
ding Riog, the Peregrinations of a Bank Note, the Transfor-
mation—black into white, and the Discovery of every Article
in the position which would seem the most inappropriate.
Act 5. L'Ecrin de Verre ; or, the Casket of Crcesus. Into
Which, though made entirely of glass Perfectly transparent,
and suspended so as to be visible to the eyes of all present,
the Wizard will cause the money of his visitors to transport
itself, and rain into the casket, though its lid
oe closed,
locked, and the key in the possession of the audience.
Adt 6. Clairvoyance Extraordinary ; or, the Transparency
of Opacity.
Act. 7. A New Bottle of Bacchus ; or, the Novel Wine
and Spirit Store. An improvement upon the " inexhaustible
bottle," inasmuch as the Wizard's bottle will not only be in-
exhaustible, but will change its contents, ad infinitum, at the
Word of command, producing soda-water, butter-milk,
Epsom salts; Port; Sherry, brandy, gin, ' rum, whisky,
rtoyeau, or any other wino or spirit required; and finally
proving to be filled with pocket handkerchiefs perfectly dry,
and occupying the whole space when tightly packed.
Act 8. Half an Hour with the Spirits ; or, an Exposé of
Spirit-rapping. Introducing the spirit-rapping table and
tocsin of the invisibles.

Act. 9. Grand Mystic Amalgam, in which the property of
the Wizard's patrons will undergo some strange metamor-
phoSes, and, amongst others, their handkerchiefs become
transformed into the flags of victory—the banners of Eng
land, France, Turkey, and Sardinia.
Act. 10. he Enchanted Chair of Comns, in which be who
seats himself will be under the magic spell, and app ear to
the audience, under circumstances least expected, in a posi-
tion as peculiar as perplexing.
Act. 11. The Mystery of the Charmed Chest ; or, the
Nucleus of the Night's Wonders. To comprehend which the
audience will have the goodness to observe, in an earlier part
of the evening, the chest suspended (like Mahommed's coffin)
in mid-air, into which all things will travel, and out of which
all will be'produced.

Act. 1.2. The Homological Evaporation ; or, the ShorteUt
Route to the Antipodes. Illustrating the easiest mode of
ridding ourselves of a troublesome friend, and the advantages
of the newly-discovered dia-terrestrial passage from the west-
ern, to the eastern hemisphere:

boorsopen each evening at half-past 7; commence at 8.
Private boxes, 1/. Us. 6d. and 1/. ls., to be obtained at the
Box-office, or at the principal libraries; stalls, 4s. ; dress
circle, 3s. ; upper boxes, 2s. ; pit, ls. ; gallery, 6d. The
Pot-offices is open daily, from 11 till 5, under the direction
of Mr. 'Chaticrton, jun. Grand fashionable Morning Per-
formance on EXaturclay, November 17, at 2 o'clock. Doors open
at half-past 1.

House," &c., &c.

On. the Thirtieth of nriernber Will be Published. tci hogcomplete ;1

Twenty Monthly Parts, Price One shilling each, the FirsrAlontlily.
Part of a New Work•ot Flction. called _
LITTLE DORRIT.
By CHARLES DICKENS,
With Illustrations. by- 114. Burr K. BaowszE.
;Bradbury and Evans, 11, Bouverie-Street:

The Third Edition.—Just published, price 51., by post, free, bs. 6d.
N TRUE Az FALSE SPERMATORRIRDA.,
with the View of distinguishing the Imaginary from the
Real Inffesefs 'ander this disease, and Correcting or wide-sprettO
Errors in relation to their Treatment and Cure. From the Germs).
of Dr. PICKFOttI .With an Introduction by the Editor, containing
a complete exposure of the system of terrorism and extortion pursued
by the advertising quacks of the metropolis towards those who are
credulous enough to seek their aid.

" Pickfot7d is known to English readers by his frequent practi-
cal contributions to German medical literature. This is the firs,
time, he Informs as, that ho has addressed himself to the non-•-nedi•
Cal reader. We trust this may not be the last, if he shall ilet•-ict an)
other equally flagrant evil which it may be in his -ewer to cor-
rect."—London Medical Gazette. " The tribe of Quiet Sympathisers,'
and ' Medical Friends,' are mercilessly exposed ; and if this boot
could find its way into the hands of those who stiffer from the corn.
plaint of which it treats, we are satisfied that manyhundreds would
be saved muoh needless suffering of body and mind, and what is of
less importahee, tbOugh it is that which the quacks most prize__
much money.-- This volume is well qualified to put an end to the
empirical system of treating Spermatorrlicea, and to place the treat.
ment upon a more rational and physiological basis. It is, therefore
likely to do much good." • • ,
London: H. Balliere, 219, Regent-street.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.—The
Directors hereby Give Notice that they will receive Money
on Loan, to pay off Debentures faillhg due, and are prepared to accept
Tenders for the same for a period of 3,5, or 7 years, at 5 per cent.
per annum. • Application may be made to the undersigned.
By order of the Directors.
CHAS. A. SAUNDERS, Secretary.
Paddington Station, 2d November, 1855.

OYAL.SWEDISH RAILWAY COMPANY.
R KOPING TO lIIITLTr
Notice is hereby given that all Shares in this Company, upon
wh'ch the Fini.l Call of 2/. per Share became due and payable "on the
Ist October, 1855, will, according to the Statutes of the Company, be
liable to Forfeiture if the Call be not paid on or before the let day of
December next.
•

JOHN SADLEIR, Chairman.
London, 18, Cannon-street, Nov. 12, 1855.

FRIEND of the CLERGY CORPORATION,
for allowing pensions not exceeding 401. per annum to the
Widows and Orphan unmarried Daughters of Clergymen of the
Established Church, and for affording temporary assistance to neces-
sitous Clergymen and their families, throughout England, Wales, and
Ireland.

The next Election of Pensioners will be held at the London Tavern,
Bishopsgate•rtreet, on TITESD Or, November the 27th ;
-ROBERT BAXTER, Erq., in the Chair;
when four ladies wi I he placed on the funds.

The Rev. JOSEPH BROWN, M.A. Hon.
The Rev. JOHN EDMUND COX, M.A., P..;.A.5 Sees.
HENRY BRAMALL, ‘,eeretary.
The Report, List o, Subscribers, &c., may be had at. the Offices of
the Corporation, 4, St. Martin's-place, Trafalgar-square.

TO LOVERS OF FISH.-100 GENUINE
YARMOUTH BLOATERS for 65., package included.
THESE HIGHLY ESTEEMED DELICACIES AND CHEAP

. _
ARTICLE OF FOOD
orwarded to all parts, on receipt of penny postage stamps or P. 0.0.
(preferred). send fcill and plain direction, county, and nearest sta-
tion.—Address Taps. LETTIS, jun.. Fish Curer, Gt. IrarmOuth.
" This is the third season Mr. Lettis has supplied us with Yar-
mouth bloaters, and we find the quality exceilent.—J. Britshowe,
house steward, Blenheim Palaco.—Oct. 20, 1854."

Mr. Lettls,—As soon as you send out 'your genuine bloaters, 1
shall be glad to have a supply as usual; those I had last year gave
graut satisfaction.— t. F. Courroux, Ambassador's Court, St. James's
Palace.—Oct. 1, 1855."

[PRICE 4D• STAMPED 5D-

mankind. These are the rules of Christian morality laid
down by Christ himself. (Cheers.) They give each man
liberty, but place on each man a restraint, They •do not
begin as, human laws_and institutions must do, with out-
ward actions, but go into the source of affections and of
passions—the human heart. It is then to Christian prin-
ciples, Christian morals, and a Christian spirit that we
must look for a better and higher civilisation than any
that has been attained. If it is vain to expect either from
the decree of authority or from free discussion and confor-
mity of opinions in the interpretation of Scripturebetween
'different communities of Christians, it is not too much to
hope for conformity in good works, conformity in a spirit
of kindness, and conformity in brotherly love. There
have been great signs of this spirit of late years.
Numbers of men in all stations of life devote themselVes
to the diffusion of religion, the promotion of education,
and all the operations of charity. For, if temptation takes
•many shapes, and if the pilgrim's pmgress is impeded by
giants and by pit-falls, yet the spirit of charity has, on the
other side, many forms. She places the Bible in the bands
of the young child to teach him the way he is to go.. She
gives a cup of water to the weary traveller who is faint
with the labour he has undergone. She watches by the bed
of the wounded soldier, binds his wounds with a gentle
hand, and t:,nders the nourishment he is able to bear. She
watches over the decline of age, and finally points to the
reward of a faithful pilgrimage on earth. (Cheers.) There
is another consideration. Before many years are passed
_there will be in Great Britain and the U. S. of America,
60, 70, or 80 millions of free people. May we not hope
that these kindred nations—each speaking the English
.language —and deriving its pedigree of liberty from a com-
mon ancestry—each inheriting the English Bible—each
reading Shakspere and Milton—each divided into many
denominatious of Christians, but each allowing complete
liberty of worship—swill unite in the glorious task of peace-
ful'conqueet and bloodless victory- (Cheers ) At least let
us indulge in this high hope. If we do not arrive at, or
even approximate to; perfection, we may look at least to
uninterrupted progress towards a far better social organi-
sation than any we have yet enjoyed.. I have spoken to
you of those :times .of civiliisation, when either the Chris-
Sian
cast ~attica9w3ti.,„or_ bei owzi- t, was coo.
'temireti,, ifde,wii iiegleeted. Ebt turVoirielhanheiv
i# a paried arriving When ate mar see realised those beenti-
ful and powerful words of a great poet :
" Dim' as the borrowed beams of moon 'and stars
.To lonely, weary, wandering travellers,
Is reason to the soul ; and, as on high
Those glimmering lights discover but the sky,
Not light us higher—so reason's feeble ray
But guidths us upwa-ds to a better day ;
And, as those nightly tapers disappear •
When day's bright lord ascends the hemisphere,
So pale grows reason in religion's light—
So sinks and so dissolves in supernatural light."
(Cheers.) To each one of us—to you young men of the
United Kingdom more especially—belongs a portion of the
noble task of speeding our country on her great and glori-
ous way, by walking steadfastly in the full light of such
truths as we already possess, and by hastening the noonday
brightness of such as are only dawning. Let it not be the
reeroach of any one of us that, born in a land where the
laws acknowledge that thought and speech arefree, we have
yet over lent the helping hand of custom, folly, or intole-
rance to extinguish one spark of that divine flame which
we call the soul, or ever turned away from a righteous and
peaceable endeavour to loosen the fetters that still bind it
throughout the world. Some there are who shut their eyes
to one truth lest it should impair another more sacred in
their eyes. But one truth can no more quench another truth
than one sunbeam can quench another sunbeam. Truth
is one as God is one. Go forward to meet her in whatever
garb. Welcome her from whatever quarter she comes, till
at last, beyond the grave, we shall hail her in a blaze of
glory, which mortal eye can only strain in vain to contem-
plate. 'Truth is the gem for which the wise man digs the
earth, the pearl for which he (lives into the ocean, the star
for which he climbs the heavens, the herald and guardian
of moral and political progress. You have at the same
time many dangers to encounter. Of these I will only men-
tion two. One is the danger of allowing the flowing waters
of Christianity to be embittered by the gall of sectarian
and polernlcal controversy. Your chances of achieving
good would be destroyed by such an error. Another dan-
ger is that which has attended so many noble attempts, so
many great institutions, so many pious undertakings. Tho
first ardour of zeal abates, difficulties, which at first were
molehills, grow into mountains; enthusiasm subsides into
Apathy. Avoid those errors, I pray you -go on improving;
' faint not in a good and great work; the blessing of God
will reward your enterprise. (The noble lord concluded
amid loud and enthusiastic applause.)
The Hon. and Rev. M. VILLIERS, in moving a vote of
thanks to the noble lord for his lecture, said it would ill
become him to. offer a: single word of eulOgium upon the
merits of the lecture itself, as the reception which had
been given to the noble lord that night, though coutiood
to that hall, was only the representation, by anticipation,
of that which would be the feeling of a grateful country
to one who had passed his life and used his talents and in-
fluence uniformly for his country's good. (Loud cheers.)
The Ilev. Dr. HAMILTON 'seconded the motion, which
was put from the chair, and carried in the affirmative, amid-
continued applause

Lord J. MissELL, in acknowledging the compliment, said
—Llavioc, read so long a lecture, I am not going to make a
speech. I will only say that I thank you from the bottom
of my heart for the kind reception you have given me, and
I only wish the lecture was more worthy of the place and
of the purposes for which it was delivered. " -
meeting then separated.

MR. GLADSTO.NE AT CHESTER.

The Right Hon. VT. E. Gladstone, M.P., lectured
before the Chester Meaanics' Institution, on Monday,
again taking tbefooinnies 'for his .theme. Ent for the
decided opinions on the war which divide the right.hon,
gentleman from Lord Palmerston, this-public recurrence
to colot,ial affairs would-seem remarkable under present
circumstances. The lecture took place in . the Royal.
Hotel ASsembly room, which was fully crowded long
before the hour appointed for the commencement of the
proceedings. The chair was taken at 8 o'clock, by John
Williams, Esq. The room was then densely crowded
in every part. Among those upon the platftirm were Sir
Stephen Glynne, Lord Lyttelton, the Dean of Chester,
Col. Elliott, Dr, Davis, &c.- Oa the appediance of Mr.
Gladitsne upon the platforM he was received with lond
and enthusiastic applause ; he took his seat at the right
hand of the chairman.

The CHAIRMAN, in a few introductory words, pre.
sented Mr. Gladsone to the audience.

Mr. GLADSTONE then rose, and was received with re-
newed applause. - The right hon. gentleman reviewed the
history of our colonies and the principles upon which
their administration had been conducted at various
epochs, this part of his lecture bearing a close resem-
blance to that delivered at lEtawat den. Mr. Gladstone
then pr:ceeded—Well, now, these are all reasons which
have.prevailed at different times, and have been the
oasis, in a great degree, of the colonial policy of different
stasesinen, in different ages, and different tinies. It is
but fair that I should endeavour to state why I think
colonies are desirable for a country circumstanced as
England is. I have stated,. that I do not think them de-
sirable simply to puff up cur reputation. It is plain that
they are not to be desired for revenue, because they-do
not yield it. It is plain that they are not to be desired
for trading monopoly, because that we have entirely
abandoned. It is plain they are not to be desired far pa-
tronage, because they will not allow us to exercise pa-
tronage, properly so called, within their limits ; and I
ern bound to say, I do not think the public men of this
country have any desire so to exercise it. With respect
to territory, it is perfectly plain that mere extension of
territory is not a legitimate subject of ambition, unless
you can show that you are qualified to make use of that
territory for the purposes for which God gave the earth
to man. Why, then,- are• colonies desirable ? Tn my
opinion • —and I submit it to you with great respect—they
are desirable both for the national and the moral and
social results which a wise system of colonisation is cal-
culated to produce. The effect of colonisation undoubt-
edly is to increase the trade and employment of the mo-
ther country. Take the case of the emigrant going across
the Atlantic. Why does he go across the Atlantic?
Because he expects—and in general he is the hest judge
of his own interests—to get better wages across the
Atlantic than he can get at home. Well, then, if he goes
across the Atlantic to get better wages, he leaves in
the labour market at home fewer persons than before,
and consequently raises the rates of wages at home- by
carrying himself away from the. competition. _By going
to the colony and supplying' it with labour, he likewise
creates a demand for capital there; and by this means he
creates a trade between the colony and the mother coun-
try. For you will almost find that a colony is founded
under circumstances where the country to which the
settlers go produces the very commodities which are
wanted in the country which they left. Therefore, se
far its trade and-the gain connected with trade are
of
a
con-
cerned, it is perfectly obvious. that the foundationrcutra.
colony, where it the natural result of thet
for the
stances of the country—for. I am no `..3
arbitrary foundation by any artificial eaffdovrtsett
but where it is
ment, irrespective of all circumstances—govern-
ment,circum-
the natural and spontaneous result of the
is the great en-
stances in which the country is plan
ye country. largement of the materialone
Trade and employment may bencrieased by the opening
resourcesnoreaosefd. the
of three ways.d They
may be
they may be increased
of new fields foreign countries;
in your own country ; or
by the opening Jef such
they may be increased by
the opening of them in your
ent and trade with foreign
colonies. If, the leullhoYo tthe profit you get._
countries are increased,hedly liabld to the disadvantage,
But then you are tin o
d bad lawthese
•of unwise an son foreign
that the passipg
restrict and ham the foreign
countries y p e extension
countries may
de Thus you are exposed to the utmost dis-
advantage, your tra •
cause it makes the trade with foreign
dvantage, not be .
than th
:ountries less lucrative, e trade with the colonies,
—there is
• no such thine as two trades lucrative in diffe-
rent degrees ; the trade with the colony is more lucra-
tive than the trade with a foreign country, it is quite
plain that the balance will soon be restored, because
those who carry on the worse with the foreign country
Old go into the better trade with the colony until
the gains of the two are equalised. But the difference
it this,—in the case of a foreign country your trade
often may be injuriously crippled and kept down so as
to suffer by the bad laws of the country with which you
are trading, while with respect to the colony, you have
no such danger because the commercial laws are under
the control of' the mother country ; when you found
colonies, and trade with them, you are perfectly sure
that that trade will have fair play, and that the natural
field which is open for its extension will not be narrowed
by the unwise proceedings of men. That is the great
t,
advantage of colonial trade. An immense advantage
is. The consequence of it has been that your colonies,
although they contain but a very small proportion of the
inhabitauts of the countries with which you trade. yeta