The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1820-01-03 00:00:00

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to this; we place our hardware amonfattorers Wider a 11l- be given In detail, to bear out the most Ilatterlog primped..
advantage, compared with those of foreign colon-ries, by Cochin China alone is said to export enunally above thirty-
means of the duly on iron ; wad in derive our Woollen ma. Ave thowsand tons of sugar to China Proper, sod to take
nofacturers of the brutes of Ins Swedish markets alto- in return European manufactured goods, which are fur-
galley, because we will not trade with the Swedes. I united principally by the Portuguese.
6' Thus, by giving • monopoly to the proprietor of iron ' " Who could doubt the effect of British capital and Mir
mines and the speculator in American limber, we inflict • terprise, if allowed a fair competition is each • teals na
general injury ou two of our great maatifactiiriug Wien ; this? If we may calculate ou precedeaLs, would it not IA
raise • class of overgrown espoaliste, at the expense of our all probability fall entirely into our bawls in the course of
trading population; and foster the spleen, which is hasten- few years
tog with mind strides to root out the middle ranks of so. " A very mistakes stotiets wow 1• pervade the minds of
ciely, sod convert us into • oatioa of places and paupers. many, that the Chinese are averse to every thing except pay-
"At the name time au evil spirit of retaliation is gene- meats i• specie. But their giving • decided ',reference to
rifled abroad, and autierimmerei•l feelings arc nurtured no Russian commerce, because the Russians bring them furs
all sides. The Northern States look upon its as the leaders and cloth, evidently refuter this opinion. No doubt a great
elf the restrictive scheme, and the continental system of Bo- quantity of specie is sent annitilly to the Oriental Sess.
miparte becomes • favourite plan of retaliation. In Russia Palk Periwig is said to receive half a million of dollars for
lad Prussia, it is well known to be at the present nroineut the article of opium alone. But when we reflect, that Ma
the favourite topic on whisk their merchants declaim, ask tish manufactured goods can now come into the market
winch they strenuously advocate. I only through the expensive and tardy medium of the East
•If the necessities of the State, and the suffering,' of the India Company, or the circuitous voyages of the Americans,
people, can ever be supposed to warrant an imperious call oil we may justly say, our manufactures lave by no mesas had
the Government to step &merit with a power sufficient to j • fair trial : yet we hail, in spite of all three disadvantages,
overawe the individuel 'dieresis COOCCfard in supporting re. i the demand has increased since lblo, in the wonderful de-
strictly, measures, the present is assuredly the tense. We gree already mentioned."
are now in a fair train for hieing the trade of the north of " lino•iiig that it can be of ao esissequencie to the Fast
Europe, end the market that has long beet. open there to our I..dta Company, whether teas be carried to Hamburgh by a
manufactures. The Northern States fret ender the same gall. British yeast! or an Americas; and consequently certain,
log restraints as ourselves; and, did our Government show that no consideration of commercial disadvantage can inter-
any disposition to relax, it would instantly do away all the fere, it may not be out of our way to inquire, how both the
existing prejudices against us, and excite such • burst of nation and the Company are interested on the score of naval
feeling among the merchants abroad, as well as among the and territorial preservation. From an account of the trade
robins, who derive the principal part of their incomes from of the Pacific Ocean, published some time ago by a gallant
articles of export, that it would compel the most arbitrary olive' other r, to which lam indebted fur several of the facts
flarrespipest to bend before the altar of public opinion. already stated, it appears, that of twelve ships, which
• The present law for regulating the importatiou of corn, I twitched at the Sandwich islands in 1910, only two were
to sty nothing of its general tendency, is fraught with English, and both of these whalers; one was a Russian.
Nub commercial evil. Called fur as It was by the land- and all the rest were Americans. The latter, Indeed, have
holders, and drawn up in a way least likely to irritate the established • mercantile house on out of the islands, having
irankling wounds of the indigent pepulstion, its imperfect • branch at Slew York.
construction will be readily ',teased by all who know how " Nut contented with wailing the arrival of the Malay
edifficult it is to conciliate the jarring interests of men hut vessels at the ordinary marts, as is dune by Europeans, these
maw, when the discounts of the Book must be regulated by adventurous people traffic perronally throughout the whole
foreign exchanges, that clause, which makes foreigu corn I Archipelago, and thee have constantly • large maritime com.
marketable only when the home price exceeds a Axed sum, I mortify in those seas. The hordes of their ships employed
will be toned • eery teriOelevil. p in the China trade in 1817-18 amounted to eighteen thou.
" The opening of the ports, PS it is technically termed, send too., and they were uavipted by fifteen hundred sea-
almost instantly sets on foot a spirit of gambling adventure, men; while the tonnage of the East India Company's ship-
mmouspanied with every evil incident to a fluctuating ex. Ping, the same season, was only twenty-one' thousand, and
dosage: while eke steady, regular intercourse, the very life I their men two thousand; being only three thousand tons,and
blood of trade, creeps on with difficnlty, from the links of I 1:r00 men, mole than were employed by the Americans.
Its chain beteg thus unnaturally severed. A permanent I At the same time we cameos estimate at lon than 2,000 men
duty, even if we consider it its worst light, would certainly i the addition oreessary to be mode to the strength of the
be less injurious to trade; and it is very questionable wise. Amcricsms, in consequence of their trading in the Archipe-
thee it would be more detrimental to manufacturers." lago and Indian Sea, where their numbers cannot be mow-
lied. Should hostilities at any future period break out
The author of the pamphlet dwells at some let
be"'"u
the
too nations, Is this • force to be looked upon
length upon this topic, which he en w
forcei with with indifference in a quarter of the world whele our empire
much ingenuity. He then proceeds to a more in- i is most vulnerable? The native Princes have ever shown
teresting subject, and points out a new sonrre and i themeelves ripe for revolt against us, on any prospect of as-
channel of trade inn more unrestricted intercourse sisiance from Europeans; what effect them may we not
than we now enjoy with China : apprehend from the weight that the Americans may in time
" The Directors roust know, as well as all oilier intelli- he empowered to throw into the Peale?
gent men, that Britain cannot long exist, unless some veld " The trade of the Americans "61'4 greater than ours,
be obtained for her manufactured produce. Neither can and, being free from the shackles of monopoly, any be es.
they be supposed to be ignorant of the dangerous shuck Wriest to increase with greater rapidity; while that ram.
given to their power by Ate frequent and continually in- corona hatred, the first and last of every Americaa's nimbi-
bow
creasing intercourse &remora the Chinese and Americans.— ti" to avow 'Pin" all that is English, shows .061111?
The deafest ears and dullest capacity must both hear and their power would he used. It is their invariable practice, to
understand the bitter invectives and supercilious derision represent us to the natives as • nation no the same of our
with which the trading Americans invariably treat every power, the dupe. of a besotted Governioeat ; sod point out
thing coupled with the English name. Yet the Americans their own superiority with far too much appearasce of
positbe Angmeto-
rit ceat
rye
e, Let
nan:i et
theekettroop
o theirpi civicioc a garbrslawiasisek es:
heirh resneri
vaf
nity,
Carry on • trade between Chita' sod the Continent of Eu-
f
r
ambition,
rope, the value of which is scarcely to be credited, from
which British industry is completely amended by the opera-
tion of the Company's charter. and thirst of sggrandreemeat are paralleled, and paralleled
only, by their ilariug spirit of adventure, sod since thread

" The value of all branches of trade imperfectly known
is naturally liablelo be much questioned: but happily or
this before us we have evidence, that it is scarcely possible
to discredit. By the report mole on the state of American
currency to the House of Representatives of the United
States, it appears, that ' the exportation of dollars from
America to China, in 1817, amounted to twelve millions;'
and the sale of China goods on the conliornt of Europe,
cannot be estimated at less. The qoantity of China pro.
duce consumed in the United Stales amounts to nearly
lee millions annually. Hence it may he concluded, that
the United States acquire a clear gain of five millions an- •
Busily by the China trade.
Were Great Britain allowed • fair competition in this
trade, the advantage would not he confined to the increase
of her mural poser, and the security of the Company's pos-
sessions in Hindostan, *stitch may now be considered as an
integral part of the Briti.L d ttttt intone. The bills obtained
vii the continent of Europe fur the China produce conveyed
to it by our shipping, would have a favourable operation on
the rate of exchange—a circumstance that is become one of
the highest importance to us, since the discounts of the
Bank will now be regulated by it. Eta more than all, as
our ability to supply China with cotton goods at such prices
as reader them marketable tinder all the disadvamages of the
existing motsopoly, is wow beginning to be known, it would
open a market for our manufactures, greater than we had in
the proudest day of our prosperity, and convert the cottons
of Lancashire and woollens of Yorkshire into the medium of
exchange between China mid Europe.
"Considering the pioveibial cheapens of labour in
China, many may be Inclined to doubt the fact, of the com-
bined operation of capital and nutchierry being able to
produce a finished manufacture sufficiently cheap fur such
• nsaiket: but furtitrately on ibis point we have not to
rest on speculative theory, and darken oar hopes by doubts;
we have the fact on rt cord, that, while the cotton goods Mat
to Chios in 1810 did not lithe value of eight tboommd
pounds, the shipments last year amounted to a hundrmiaatt
fifty thousand ; and these too for the greater pert arderod
by Chinese merchauts. This fart speaks for itself."
" We have net China alone to look to for a soneketl, If
mice the trade of the Eisler., Seas were fairly opened to
us. Borneo, Celebes, and lava, according to the repots
of their several historians, contain nearly tea atilbooe of
inhabitants; and we may fairly compute the tuber Islas&
in the two Archipelagoes, awl in the Pacific Ocean, to ans.
taiu as many more. From the traffic conatautly carried on
between Ilse Americans end these Woods, we Imo* that the
inhabitants are all willing to exchaage their prod**. for
European manufeetured goods ; and we know IPA that
such produce 11114111 a ready market on the contlosot of
Europe, in ,be West Indies, and in South America. Let
out the reader suppose the statenseat here premised to ba
any way tiver-eoloured, because Hie advantage displaying
Omit is the beturos of this treat is so far Ireywo4 whey be
may probably bate expected; inuemerable laelmmos iniibt

of last war they openly boost, that America will is time dis-
pute with Great Britain the sovereignty of the mu. This
may pee baps be discredited by those who form their jade-.
ment of the stational feeling solely from the documents pub-
lished by the Government ; but different, far different, will
he the opinion of all who have any intercourse with the peo.
pie, and closely observe their conduct."

EURAiGN INTELLIGENCE.

DUTCH MAIL.
HASI.II. DIMMER 25.

In the very remarkable debate which elided in
the rejection of the financial laws proposed by the
Government, there appeared three different grounds
of opposition. Some of the speakers, particularly
those of the southern provinces, grounded their
opposition on the excessive expenditure, which, in
their opinion, brought the errantry to the brink of
ruin ; others thought, that, though the expenses
for the present year were not too great, yet they
could not be adopted for ten years; and a third
party did not think the expenses so recessive that
they could reject the proposed laws on this ground
—but, in their opinion, the cause of all the embar-
rassments which had been experienced fur these
last four years, was to be sought in the injudicious
nature of • system of revenue, which, however con-
tinually reduced in its limits, yet always remained
below the limits fixed, so that they judged it im-

posoibie to continue this system fur ten years.
The Director-General endeavoured to refute all
those arguments, as well by an introductory dis-
course before the opening of the debate, as by a
detailed circumstantial reply at the end of the do.

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bate, to the objections of the reeve' speakers.
All the proposed lows. however. es we have before
stated, were rejected. our his Majesty was requested
to reconsider them. the lad only excepted, which
was fur the purpose of covering the arrears.—The
following are the particulars of the laws rejected :
No. 1. First palette, the law for the &cranial badge'.
Expenses—as first proposed, rejected unanimously by the MI

Members prepeot.
No.l. Project of law fur the decennial budget. Ways
sad Mess—rejected by 97 voles to 1.
No. 3. Revisal of the first law--rejected by 55 voles
to 43.
T4O. 4. Revisal of the seeped project of law—rejected by
vistas to 36
N 0.5. Lew, No. 3, of 2611 October. relative to the extra_
ordinary budget for 11PN. 6speairitorh-.4vjeeted by 68
seems hi 30.
No. 6. La*, No 4, of 11th October, whiles to the es.

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