The Sun.
London, England, 1855-08-10 00:00:00

RAILWATES-POR CASH.

ft. c. fr. c.
Orleans - Lyons., ~.. . 1225 -
Western Bl5 Rouen
Cette 665 Strasburg
Mediterranean 1325 Havre 685
Northern - 925 Cherbin

TURKEY.
A letter from Constantinople of the 30th, in the
Courricr de Marseille, says—
" The Ottoman fleet is to be completely disarmed, with
the exc'ption of the steamers. This decision has been
come to from economy. All these vessels, except the
Mecbrifie, the Pecki Becan, an Egyptian frigate, a Tuni-
sian corvette, and two smaller vessels, are at present in
the Black Sea. Yesterday took place the distribution
of prizes at the village of Bebek, founded some years
ago by M. Le Leu, for the Europeans of Pera. When
Prince Napoleon was in the East he gave frequent
marks of interest to this establishment. Yesterday the
court-yard of the college was gaily dressed out with
flags sent by the seamen of the Belle Poule ; and among
the persons present were M. Thouvenel, Gen. Larchey,
Captain Claaigneau, of pie frigate just mentioned, and
a number of French officers. Mehemet Ali Pacha and
Mustapha Pacha sent each one of his household, to
mark the interest they take in the establishment. A
great number of French and Turkish ladies were present.
The pupils delivered a number of speeches and declama-
tions with excellent emphasis and discretion, and played
a little Italian comedy with considerable humour. The
band of the 35th regiment of the line played several
pieces during the proceedings, which passed off most
agreeably."
A letter from Jerusalem of the23d ult. confirms
the intelligence that the disturbances in the moun-
tains of. Sichem, which at one time menaced all Pa-
lestine, had been put down by the energy and tact
of Kiamil Pacha, the governor of the province. The
Christian communities of the Holy City were so
grateful for this functionary's good government
that they had signed an address to the Sultan,
thanking him for having nominated him. The
Pacha, when the letter left, was about to march
from Jerusalem with the troops which he had col-
lected, to repress the disturbances in the province
of Hebron got up by Abd-er-Rhaman. Sir Moses
Montefiori had arrived in' Jerusalem with, it was
supposed, firmaus authorising the foundation of
several religious establishments, and even a syna-
gogue for the Jews.

RUSSIA. ~eitft knst4.
. ,
THE WAR IN ASIA.
We have received the St. Petersburg journals of
the 2d .of August.
The Invalide Russe publishes the following re-
port from Aide-de-Camp General Mouravieff of the
operations in Asia. It is dated camp near the vil-
lage of Kni-Keui, 20th of .June (11th of July) :
" On the 26th of June (Bth of July) I announced
that, returning from Saghanloug, on Kars,. I had
left on the 22d (4th) on the western incline of that
chain of mountains a flying detachment, under.
Colonel Prince Dondoukoff-Korsa,koff, of the Prince,
of Wurtenaberg Dragoons. •
"Thanks to the talent and excellent arrange-
ments of that worthy superior officer, his detach-
ment completely attained its object, and had two
successful affairs.
"On the 24th of June (6th of July) a division
of Bashi-Bazouks, 200 strong, appeared in front of
the entrenchment abandoned by the- Thrks at the
pass near Bardous, where our detachment then
was.
" Cianel Prince •Dondoukoff-Korsakoff imme-
diately sent -ap,inst them a detachment of moun-
tain militia and of Kurds, who, by a vigorous charge
d'.spersed the enemy, killed two men, captured 24
horses, and carried off 39 head of fine cattle, be-
longing to the Kurdish tribe of Souvadalli, Under
Turkish, rule.; ono of the militiamen was wounded
in this rencontre.

" In the night between the 25th and June (7th and Bth of July), being near
bert, and learning that another division of Ba
praozmotiti:kesi,,pli?Ko
etuov2,owoasbivouackingstrong,
sent
neigh-
bourhood,slia
Prince Dondoukoff attacked them sud-
denly at daybreak, with
.two sbtnias of mountain
militia
and a sotnia Of Cossacks of the line. After
,asliort resistance the enemy was completely routed,
_leaving about. 40 dead upon the ground, among
whom were the, commander of the sotnia and a
i n the
standard bearer. Moreover 31 prisoners were cap
tured, and a. considerable booty Ina(
" Auao.ng the prisoners are another commander

otaiiotnia, a anbaltern officer, and the secretary
of 'Vely-Mahmond, Pasha of Erzeroum. We lost
oneubaltern officer, the commander of the sotnia
of Icab-a,rda killed, seven militiamen wounded, and
ave. horses killed.

"From the statement of the captured secretary,
it appears that these Bashi-Bazouks formed the
escort of the functionaries sent by Vely Pasha to
inspect the storehouses of Anatolia, destroyed by
us in our march beyond the Saghanloug between
the 19th and 22d June (Ist to 4th July). The
Turkish authorities estimate their losses at
a much higher figure than that given in
ray previous reports. According to their
calculation we have destroyed or carried
away from Bardous to Karavurghan 18,000 sa-
mara, equivalent to 36,000 tehetwerts of different
sorts of grain, without counting what Major-
General Sousloff carried away. In general the
operations of our flying detachment have consider-
ably increase the strong impression made by the
sudden 'Appearance of the main body of our forces
at 100 verstes to the rear of Kars. The elders of
numerous villages have come to tender their sub-
mission, anticipating our reappearance beyond the
Saghanloug. Yesterday, the flying detachment of
Prince Dondoukoff-Korsakoff rejoined the main
camp, to recruit, take in provisions, and place the
sick and prisoners.
"The main body of our forces remaining en-
camped near Koni-Keui has continued to command
the Erzeroum road, by the detached positions of
Major Bak-lauoff's column, near the village of
Tckme. Our patrols keep a sharp look out, and
examine every one they meet, even single indi-
viduals ; thus, on the 25th of Juno (7th of July),
a horse patrol of 10 Cossacks ofj the line, and half
a sotnia of the Karabak regiment, observing seven
Turks on the right of the road, gave chase and
captured three with their horses ; the others con-
cealed themselves in the village.
"On the 28th of June (10th of July) Major-
General Baklanoff, whose column had been rein-
forced the day before by fresh troops, accompanied
by Colonel Roudanovsky, Head Quartermaster of
Corps of Operations, made a reconnaissance of the
fortifications of Kars, situate on the left bank of
the Kars-tchai, and which had not yet been ex-
amined.

" With this object, General Baklanoff crossed
the Kars-tchai with a portion of his detachment
and climbed the heights of Tchakhmakh. In ap-
proaching the fortress ho came upon a convoy of
arabas laden with hay, returning under an escort
of Bashi-Bazouks. On beholding our troops the
latter fled, and the whole convoy, cons:sting of 30
arabas, with 45 oxen and four horses, fell into our
hands ; 27 Bashi-Bazouks and drivers were made
prisoners.
" During the two hours which were required to
examine the fortifications of the place and to take
a plan of the localities the garrison of Kars was
in the greatest agitation ; a portion of the troops,
to the number of seven battalions of infantry, two
regiments of regular cavalry, with Bashi-Bazouks,
actually left the entrenchments, but remained
within cover of the guns of the fortress, and did
not oven attempt to harass our retreat, when
General Baklanoff returned to camp after making
his reconnaissance. The Bashi-Bazouks alone
had a skirmish with our Cossacks, with no other
result than one horse killed.
" On the same day I received the following re-
port from Lieut.-General Kovalevsky of the defeat
on the 23d of June (sth of July), of a detachment
of the enemy's cavalry in the district of Akhal-
kalaki.

" The Mwilair of the army of Anatolia, desirous
of obtaining provisions and live stock for the gar-
rison of Kars, had sent a strong division of cavalry
into the Saudjak of Tclaaldyr more than 1,000
strong, under the command of one Madjar Pasha,
and under the guidance of two English officers ;
this division was ordered to drive back our cavalry
outposts, and collect grain and cattle for the gar-
rison.

" Colonel Prince Orbelian, Colonel of the 3d
Regiment of Mussulman Cavalry, in command of
these frontier posts, having been informed of the
movements of the enemy's cavalry, assembled the
whale of his regiment near the village of Souldy,
two sotnias of the 2d Regiment of the Don Cos-
sacks, and the 2d company of the Vilna Chasseurs,
and with these troops took up a position on the
high ground in front of the village.
"On the 23d of June (sth of July), at 8 a.m.,
the enemy's cavalry approached the position occu-
pied by our troops, and, dividing into four columns,
charged in front with three columns, whilst the
fourth and strongest column attacked our flank.

" Prince Orbelian had the Chasseurs in his cen-
tre, on his right flank two sotnias and a half of the
3d Regiment of Mussulman cavalry, on his left
flank the Cossacks, and the Ist sotnia of the Mus-
' sulraan cavalry as a reserve. Receiving with a
warm fire the columns that charged in front, Prince
Orbelian sent the Cossacks and the sotnia of re-
serve against the enemy, who had turned our left
flank. The Turkish column which had performed
that movement, being four times superior in
number to our troops, charged them resolutely ;
but thanks to the intrepidity of the Cossacks, and
to the exemplary courage and skill of the Sotuik
Samsonoff, the column was ultimately repulsed,
after having returned two or three times to the
charge. Thus repulsed the Turks occupied some
very uneven ground, from which they opened a
sharp fusillade. Sotnik Samsonoff then ordered a
portion of his Cossacks and militiamen to dismount,
drove the enemy from their ambuscades, and then
''' makino• his men remount, charged the Turks lance
in rest. Prince Orbelian, who had meantime suc-
ceeded in repelling two or three attacks, in his
turn took the Offensive. The enemy, driten back
finally on all sides, fled in disorder, was pursued
for eight verstes, and completely routed.
" Our loss in this affair was small, consisting of
two officers and seven men of the 3d Mussulman
Regiment wounded, and five Cossacks of the Don
wounded, making a total of two officers and 12 men
wounded. According to the statement of spies,
and from other sources, the Turks lost 70 men
killed and 100 wounded. We also made 14 pri-
soners, and took a flag."
The Invulide Busse also publishes a report from
Prince Gortschakoff up to the 22d July, but it does
not contain any details of interest.
The Governor of St. Petersburg announces under
date of 31st of July that, on the 30th, the allied
squadron in the Gulf of Finland was quietly at
anchor in its former position, and enveloped in a
dense fog.
A letter from Odessa gives the following curious
order of the day, issued by General Gortschakoff :
" In the time of the earliest wars of the Russians, the
archpriests and other *coelesiastics of the Orthodox
Church gave their benedictions to the troops who were
armed for the defence of the country. The benediction,
which called for the presence of the sacred images in the
midst of our regiments, was the source of all our suc-
cesses against the enemy of the country. Thus
the sacred and miraculous image of the Holy
Virgin, the Mother of God, from Smolensko, gave
by its presence in the army a series of victories to
our arms, and led our soldiers from Moscow to Paris.
Now that all our countrymen pray with fervour for us,
his Eminence the Metroipolite Philarete de Kijeff, after the
example of ancient times, has just blessed the troops con-
finded to my command, by taking from the catacombs of
Kijeff the sacred and miraculous image which represents
the ascension of the Mother of God, our celestial inter-
cessor, and which in bygone times was conferred by the
Mother of God on that temple as a pledge of the eter-
ir). protection which is granted to Orthodox Russia.
By a particular disposition of God, the arrival of
the sacred image took place simultaneously with that
of his High Eminence Innokenti, Archbishop of
Kherson and Taurida, whom the dangers of war have
not prevented from visiting his flock, and giving his
benediction to the troopS who defend Sebastopol with so
much heroism. On the Bth of this month his Eminence, in
the besieged city, while the enemy's cannon were roar-
ing, blessed the troops of the garrison and of the forts ;
he blessed them with' the sacred image of St. Mito-
phan, and in eloquent words promised them fresh suc-
cesses and victory. In the firm conviction that the pre-
sent made to the city of Sebastopol reproduces the sacred
and miraculous picture of the ascension of the Mother
of God which is iri the Catacombs of Kijeff, and that the
benedictions of our archpriests will be for us the pledge
of fresh triumphs, let us add, to our strength, valiant
comrades, by the idea that ouc causo is just, and that
the Emperor and the country found on your heroism
and your inflexibility a well-justified hope.
" Prince GORTSCHAKOFF II."

The above order of the day was read on the 22d
ult. to the ,arriol of the Northern Fort, aud after-
wards to all the troops who occupy the south of
Sebastopol.

A letter from Vienna, in the Breslau Gazette,
says„:—" It is pretended in a Berlin journal
that conferences haYe been commenced between
Count Buol and the Ambassadors of France and
Turkey upon the fourth point of guarantee. This
news is inexact'. There merely exists at Constan-
tinople a commission composed of the Ambassadors
of the Western Powers, of the Austrian inter-
nuncio, and of an Ottoman Minister, which is
charged with the drawing up of propositions con-
cerning the reforms of which the situation of the
Christians in Turkey is susceptible. The result of
the labours of this commission is to be communi-
cated to the ,respeetive Courts, and will constituto
the basis of subsequent negotiations with Russia."

A letter from Warsaw. of the 4th states that the
fete of the Empress was celebrated there on the
previous day, the city being illuminated in the
evening. Vdunt'Esterhazy, the Austrian Ambassa-
dor,t St. Peterstfurg,- and Councillor Tengoborski,
attached to the Chancellery of the Empire, had
arrived there on particular missions. General
Bebutoff had left Warsaw fig Kalisolly.

DESTRUCTION OF FLIES.

TO THE EDITOR or THE STJN.

PARIS, 7th August, 1855.

a recent number of your journal I read a
let er from your correspondent at Sebastopol, complain-
ing.d. the great annoyance experienced in the camp
from the multitude of flies.
I am induced to address a few lines to him through
your paper, pointing out an easy and efficacious remedy
for that evil, one which I have tried with never-failing
success.

Quassia (called in Jamaica the bitter ash), cut into
thin slices and boiled in water (about one or two ounces),
and when cold, strained, and placed in plates on a table
or other place where the flies frequent—they will drink
of it until they become dead drunk, and should then be
taken out, thrown on the ground and trod upon. Other
wise I have left a plate full of them at night and found
that by the morning they had crawled out, and were on
the table or floor.

Last year I was in a part of France where flies were
very troublesome, and did not succeed with the quassia
in taking them. This struck me as so singular that I
tasted the water and the root, neither of which were
bitter. It is necessary that it should he so to answer
the purpose. Perhaps what was sold to me then was
not quassia, and this is the exception to a trial of several
years.

I would also recommend another adjunct. Bird lime
is also very efficacious in taking them. It should be
warmed by a fire, to dissolve it to a liquid state, and a
little oil mixed with it, and spread on a large sheet of
paper very thin (the bird lime), and put up any where
that they frequent. 'When the paper is covered with
them it must be replaced with another. The stuff must
be spread with an old knife kept for the purpose.
At one of the principal hotels at Vienna I recollect
seeing a sheet of paper rolled on a piece of wood and
placed upright spread with bird lime, and this was so
successful as to require changing during the day.
I hope you will give publicity to this for the sake of
our poor countrymen in the Crimea, and that the Go-
vernment will let the bird lime be sent out as soon as
possible, and likewise quassia, if not in abundance at the
hospitals, being excellent in typhus or remittent fevers,
and better than Peruvian bark, when mixed with a small
quantity of sulphate of zinc, as stated in medical works.
I offer no apology for trespassing upon your time for
the subject of this communication.—l have the honour
to be, Sir, your obedient humble servant,

E. WILLIAMS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Paris, 9th Aug., 1855.

SlR,—Since my letter of the 7th inst., on the subject
of destroying flies by quassia, I have tried it again here,
where they are not numerous or vicious. I did not .uc-
coed well with the experiment of yesterday, but this
morning I put some coarse brown sugar with the liquid
and moistened the rims with the mixture, so as to at-
tract them, and found the plan very efficacious.
In Italy, and countries where the flies inflict wounds
such as is described by your correspondent, at, or before
the camp of Sebastopol, there would be no occasion to
mix sugar with the quassia liquid, although it might be
attended with better success. --I have the honour to be,
sir, your obedient humble servant,

E. WILLIAMS.

ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA.

Last evening, being the last night of the season, the
Etoile du Nord was performed. After the opera, which
went off with the usual éclat, "God Save the Queen"
was sung by the whole vocal strength of the theatre.
The solo verses were given by Mdlle. Bosio, Mdlle.
Marai, and Formes, and the immense body of choral
and orchestral harmony had a superb effect. Indeed
we have never heard our National Anthem—that won.
derful combination of simplicity and grandeur—more
magnificently sung. During its performance the aspect
of the house—the whole audience (one of the most
crowded of the season) standing—was remarkably bril-
liant and striking.
There is yet to be another performance of the Etoile
du Nord. This most attractive opera is to be repeated
to-morrow evening for the benefit of the respectable
stage-manager, Mr. Harris.