The Sun.
London, England, 1855-10-18 00:00:00

of amendment, and might be reformed if pains
were taken to instil into Lim right principles.
Tho system of instruction accompanied by re-
wards was resorted to, but blindly, feebly, and
with but small results. With some it was every-
thing that was wanted ; with others it was an
idle fancy ; with hardly anybody was it a serious
practical business. Thus, while much good was
done—real permanent good—but too much scope
was left for the cunning impostor, who would be
reformed any way you liked, if, as a reward, you
let him loose. And now, to bring a long story
to an abrupt termination, hero we are with our
prisons full—with transportation practically abo-
lished—with the convict population we used to
send abroad burning our fingers—plaintively
imploring, " What are we to do with
our convict population? We have hanged
them, transported and imprisoned, and in-
structed and rewarded them, and—what are we
to do next ? We can't tell unless it be to ground
ourselves' on first principles, and start afresh.
What is the grand object of our wishes ? The
protection of society—what next ? The reforma-
tion, if the means he within reasonable limits, of
the criminal. The first must be insured, charity
to the many demands it ; the second charity, not
less imperatively, calls for. Starting hence
cool-headedly, and with firm hand and
charitable heart, something effectual may be
arrived at if we persevere. Let the criminal be
made to feel that he is but a secondary consider
ation, and that society is resolved to exact the
uttermost farthing required in self-defence, not
tyrannically, but in obedience to known. laws.
Let him feel also that his case is not hopeless,
but that it will be better for him to amend
his life than to persevere in ill-doing,
and in all cases of questionable reformation kt
society have the benefit of the doubt. Let the
criminal be as hard-worked, at least in prison, as
he would be out, and as productively as possible,
and in every respect made to feel that society has
been injured by him, and is justified in seeking
amends, and that after a fashion not derogatory
to Christian men. As for the ticket-of-leave sys-
tem, Col. JEBB'S letter respecting which suggested
these remarks, it is quite clear, if his statistics
are to be relied upon, that it has worked better
than many were led to believe, only 96 licences
having been revoked, and 130 relapses taken
place, out of 3,629 cases. This certainly says a
great deal for the present system, which by the
way is, according to his account, bearing the re-
proaches duo to its predecessor ; and while the
resolution of the Secretary of State, "that, as a
general rule, every convict shall serve out the
whole of his sentence of penal servitude," may be
fully warranted by the facts, we would hope a
little more firmness and discrimination in reference
to the liberation of convicts would lead to a pro-
fitable relaxation of the rule.

BANK OF ENGLAND.—This Day.

ADVANCE OF THE RATE OF DISCOUNT.

The Bank of England minimum rate of discount
has this day been advanced to 6 per cent. for bills
not exceeding 60 days, and 7 per cent. for bills not
exceeding 95 days.

HER MAJESTY'S RETURN FROM
BALMORAL.

Her Majesty and suite left Balmoral on Tuesday
morning at balf-past 8 o'clock, and posted by Ballater
and Aboyne to Banchory, where her Majesty was re-
ceived by Mr. John Duncan, chairman, Mr. Davidson,
deputy-chairman of the Deeside railway, and a distin-
guished party at the station. The royal train left Ban-
chory at eight minutes past 12, and arrived at the Ferry-
hill station of the Aberdeen railway at 38 minutes after
12. Lord James Hay, chairman of the Aberdeen rail-
way, Provost Blakey, and the other magistrates of the
city, received the Queen. Her Majesty arrived at Stone-
haven at 12 minutes after 1, and had luncheon ; left at
39 minutes after 1, and reached Forfar at 53 minutes
after 2, Perth at 58 minutes after 3, and Stirling at
57 minutes after 4. At these stations there were
large assemblages, military bands, and guards of ho-
nour, and at Stirling, where the depot of the 42d were
drawn up to receive her Majesty, Captain WilkinFon,
lately returned for the Crimea, was recognised and
called forward by the Queen. The train left Stirling
at 2 minutes past 5, anti arrived at Edinburgh at a
quarter after six—so punctual to the time table that the
mean variation was only 1 minute in 176 miles.
Her Majesty was received at St. Margaret's station,
'Edinburgh, by the Duke of Ducclena, Majar-General
Viscount Melville, Mr. Sheriff Gordon, the Hon. Col
Dalziel, &c. The royal party drove in a succession of
closed carriages to Holyrood Palace, and the cheering of
a considerable assemblage. In the vestibule there her
Majesty was received by the Duke of Harni.ton, the
Lord Provost, &c. The park was lined by the 7th Dra-
goon Guards, the Edinburghshire and 2d Lanarkshire
Militia, and the 72d and 92d Highland Depots.
A salute was fired from the Castle guns on the Queen's
arrival.
Yesterday morning her Majesty left St. Margaret's
station, Edinburgh, at a quarter before eight o'clock.
Notwithstanding the early hour of departure, half the
loyal citizens turned out to pay their respects to their
Queen and her illustrious Consort. Besides the royal car-
rirtge, the train consisted of an engine and tender, two
first-class carriages for servants, pages, and other at-
for directors and the press, and two
carriage trucks. Leaving St. Margaret's station, the
fit erns
td-acril
at
sss,
carriagef mi family carriage for gentlemen of the suite,
train passed Portobello at 7.50, Invereek at 7.55, and
arrived at Dunbar at 8.26, where there was a pause of
five minutes to take water into the engine. At Berwick-
upon-Tweed, where the train arrived at a quarter past
9,
g theengine.
t he re was a slight stoppage for the purpose of chang-
in At 5 minutes before 11 o'clock the
train reached the station of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Her
Majesty was most enthusiastically received at this point.
The engine baying been changed, the train proceeded on
its course, And did not again stop until it arrived at Dar-
lington at 12. Water having been supplied to the engine,
the train proceeded southward, and arrived at York at 5
minutes after 1, where the royal party stopped to lun-
cheon. Her Majesty was welcomed by a vast number
of the citizens of York, and was loudly cheered on pas-
sing from her carriage to the hotel. After a lapse of 35
the minutes,metropolis.
thepo
Her Majesty arrived at the Ring's-cross station, at
half-past 6, and was received by several gentlemen lis.
royal train again proceeded on its way to
y connected with the railway. A. large number of
persons assembled to witness the arrival. Several car-
riages were in attendance, and the royal party imme-
diately after leaving the train proceeded to Windsor.
The royal children who have been staying at Osborne
during her Majesty's absence in Scotland left yesterday
for London.

THE ROYAL TRAIN AT DARLINGTON

The royal train arrived at Darlington Bank-top Sta.
tion yesterday a few minute's before noon. An immense
concourse of persons had assembled, amongst whom a
—We, the large proportion of Quakers were conspicuous, one of
Polytechnic Exhi-
bition—one their body, Mr. H. Pease, the late visitor to the Court
of St. Petersburg, baving,as president of the Darlington
Mechanics' Institute, been deputed to present his Royal
Highness Prince Albert with an address.
Chair-
man ' ‘
andfa y itc pleasemm The circum-
stances will be best gathered from the following
ttyer orf
of the main objects of which is the liquida-
tion of a debt of 8001. on the building of the mechanics'
institution in our town—approach your Royal Highness
RthoeyblaHriiignhgtnoe:s,
with the respect that is due to one who has at all times
made his exalted position instrumental in forwarding the
blessings of education, to than" you for the patronage you
have condescended to afford us, by the loan of a neidel of
the Fairy, the elegance and completeness of which have
called forth the admiration of all who have examined it.
During the six weeks in which the exhibition has been
opened, its educational objects have been supported by the
native talent of our town in lectures and music ; and the
constant attendance of all classes of her Majesty's subjects
has testified their appreciation of the means adopted for
instruction and amusement. The catalogue which accom-
panies this address will show your Royal Highness the cha-
racter of the exhibition. This being the town whence
(through the far-seeing intelligence and steady perseverance
of a few individuals, some of whom still live to see the
effect and reap the reward of their labours), practically
sprang that system of railway which has spread like a net-
work over the world, developing the resources of the earth,
and binding nations together for the interchange of mutual
interests, the undersigded have a pride in introducing to
your notice Darlington and its inhabitants, to whose in-
struction and pleasure your Royal Highness has deigned to
contribute. With a sincere desire that the journey on
which we greet your Royal Highness may be safe and
prosperous, we take the opportunity of expressing for the
Queen a heartfelt trust that her reign mayever be—as now
it is—happy and glorious, and that her people may long
prove themselves loyal, thoughtful, and contented.— God
save the Queen."
Mr. Pease also exhibited to her Majesty, his Royal
Highness, and the Princesses, a curious carving and
other specimens from the Polytechnic. The Prince ac-
knowledged the receipt- of the address, and also Mr.
Pease's courtesy.
The train
stood about ten minutesp and loft amidst
hearty cheers.

LATEST MEWS.

BOMBARDMENT OF KINBURN.
BERLIN, WEDiIESDAY.

The telegraph from St. Petersburg informs us
that on the 15th the English landed a small force
at Kinburn, not far from the Salt Lakes.

In the evening six steamers began to bombard
Kinburn. The fortress replied, and one vessel

was injured.
On the 16th a cannonade took place between
the fortress of Kinburn and the gun-boats of the
Allies.
There is nothing new from the Crimea.
Tho Allies still continue to hold the ridge facing
the valley of Baidar.

PARIS, OCT. 18.

The Moniteur publishes a letter from Admiral
Bruat, dated 2d Oct., which announces that an
expedition against Taman and Fanagoria has com-
pletely succeeded.
On the 24th Sept. Commandant Bonet left

Kertch for Taman with 10 guu-boats, an aviso,

and. a steamer.

On arriving off Fanagoria be threw some shells
into the redoubt, and proceeded to disembark at
about a mile from the fort.

During this interval the Russians abandoned
the place, and the Allies took possession of it in
the presence of a force of cavalry from 600 to 800
strong, which retired immediately a few shells
were thrown among them.

On the following day our troops were employed
in destroying all the houses in Fanagoria that
could have been converted into shelter for troops
at Cape St. Paul. 66 cannon and 4 mortars were
found in the fort ; at Taman there were 11 24-
pounders buried in the sand.
By the 2d Oct. the destruction of Taman and

Fanagoria was complete.
No loss was sustained by the Allies.
The expedition was about to return to Kertch.
Commandant Bonet warmly eulogises the active
co-operation of Capt. Hall, with three guu-boats.

BERLIN, THURSDAY, OCT. 18.

A despatch received from St. Petersburg states
that on the 29th of September the Russian army
attacked Kars.

In consequence of several officers of high rank
having been killed or wounded -early in the action,
the assault was unsuccessful.

General Mouravieff adds that, notwithstanding
their losses, the Russian troops captured 14
Turkish flags, and that the blockade of Kars is
re-established on the same footing as before the
attack.

ST. PETERSBURG, OCT. 17.

Yesterday the cannonade between the enemy's
gun-boats and the fcrtress of Kinburn was re-
newed.

There is nothing new from other parts of the

Crimea.

The Emperor of Russia has instituted a com-
mission at Kieff to examine all prisoners from the
Foreign Legions in the service of the Allies.

They are not to be treated as prisoners of war,
but handed over to their respective Governments.

It is said that Austria has renewed her decla-
rations to the Western Powers to defend the
whole line of the Danube against the Russian at-

tack ; but that she at the same time deprecated

any movement towards the Pruth.

Accounts from Constantinople of the Bth state
that the Anglo-Turkish Contingent had left that
city for Tarna.
Many Russian prisoners had been sent to the
Isle of Princes.

NAPLES, OCT. 13.

Rinds of armed men are collecting in Sicily.

Troops have been sent against them.

THE OVERLAND MAIL.
TRIESTE, WEDNESDAY.
The steamer Bombay has arrived in 131 hours,
from Alexandria.

ALEXANDRIA, OCT. 11.
The steamer Norma arrived at Suez, from

Bombay, on Sept. 30th, with 43 passengers, and
the Oriental, from Calcutta, on Oct. Bth, with 37

passengers.

The dates are :—Calcutta, Sept. 8 ; Bombay,
Sept. 12 ; Madras, Sept. 14.
Exchange on Calcutta, 2s. lid. to 2s. 2d. ;
Bombay, 2s. lid.
Freights at Calcutta :—Sugar, 3/. 10s. ; salt-
petre, 31. ss. to 3/. 10s. ; rice, 4/. ; linseed,
5/. 10s.

MARSEILLES, WEDNESDAY.
The Valetta arrived here at eleven o'clock this
morning with the India mails.

THE BRITISH EXPEDITION.
(From the Times' Correspondent.)

CAMP BEFORE SEBASTOPOL, OCT. 5.

The expedition seems unsettled, and will assur-
edly sail this week unless the weather should turn
out very unfavourable. The Light (not the Hus-
sar) Brigade of Cavalry have received orders to
hold themselves in readiness to embark, and it is
believed they are going to Eupatoria. Our desti-
nation is kept as close as possible. I am almost
afraid to say where I think we are going to, but
with much deference suggest that it is intended as
a feeler towards Perekop and Nicholaieff.
The following is the distribution of the forces of
the expedition to be embarked under Brigadier-
General Hon. A. Spencer :
Ship. Regiment. Officers. Men. Horses.
H.M.S. Royal Albert l7th Regiment 2S 756 ...
H.M.S. Algiers
H.M S. Hannibal 2lst Regiment 31 613 ...
H.M.S. Leopard &Sidon 57th Regiment 32 721 ...
H.M.S. Princess Royal 63d Regiment 30 522 ...
H.M.S. St. Jean d'Acre Royal Marines 37 800 ...
Screw transport Indian Cavalry..
...... 1 20 21
... ... ... RA. Engineers 3 60 4*
... ... ...
Staff...
... ••• •• • 7
...
...
... Medical Staff 7 •• • 2
... ... ... Reg tl. Staff... ... 23 23
... ... ... Commis. Staff 4 ... 1
••• ••• ... Royal Artillery
Sailing-ship Arabia Royal Artillery 4 200 100 t
Sailing ship Prince Alfred Royal Artillery
{ Laud transprt,
Screw-steamer Charity cacolets, let- 3 60 120. T.
ters, &c
The sailing-ship Orient with medical comforts, blankets, &c.
The screw-steamer Lady A. Lambton with ono month's
provisions and forage.

From that distribution some alterations and
deviations will no doubt be effected—some addi-
tions to the ships, some few mistakes perhaps. But
at present the men are all embarked, and every-
thing is ready for the departure of the troops:
The mixed Commission which has been sitting in
Sebastopol to divide and value the warlike stores
and provisions abandoned by the enemy in their
retreat from the place, has combined the functions
of the three infernal Judges with great skill, and

*l5 tons of stores, (To. t 6 gala) 6 waigonft 15 cash.