The Sun.
London, England, 1855-09-13 00:00:00

HAY MARKETS.

Surramm.—Meadow hay, 4/ Os to Cl 6s ; clover ditto,
51 Os to 71 Os ; and straw, ll is Od to 1/ 12s Od per load
41. steady trade.
CUMBERLAND.—Meadow hay, 4/ Os to 6/ 6s ; clover do.,
41 158 to 61 15s ; and straw, 11 8s to 1/ 15s per load.
Trade very firm. _

WHITEZHAPEL.—Meadow hay, 410 s to 6) 6s; Cloy) do.,
5/ Os to 7/ Os : and straw, 1/ 7s to 1/ 12a 'per load.
Both hay and straw moved off steadily, at full quotations.

DEATH OF DR. GILLY.—We have to record the death
of the Rev. Dr. Wm. Stephen Gilly, which happened at
Norham, near Berwick-on-Tweed, on Monday last. Dr.
Gilly was the author of several theological books which
have achieved a high reputation. He was presented, in
1826, by the late Bishop of Durham, to a canonry in
his cathedral, and five years later, by the Dean and Chap-
ter of Durham, to the vicarage of Norham, both of which
pieces of preferment he held up to the time of his death.
Dr. Gilly was a member of St. Catharine Cam-
bridge, and took his degree in 1812. He was 67 years
of age.
FIRES.--Between two and three yesterday morning a
fire of a very serious character broke out on the pre-
mises of Mr. John Finning, grocer and cheesemonger,
No. 9, Norland-road, Notting hill, which has been at-
tended with considerable destruction of property. By
dint of the most incessant labour, the flames were at
last conquered, but not before the premises of Mr. W.
Butten, baker, Mrs. Elizabeth Smith, dairy-keeper, Mr.
Ja4. Leonard, pork-butcher, Mrs. Elizabeth Stevenson,
milliner, and Mr. Robt. Hutchinson, smith, had been
seriously injured. The cause of the catastrophe is at
present unknown, and the loss will principally fall
on the Sun Fire Office. Between the hours of four and
five o'clock, a fire occurred at the premises of Mr. H.
Hughes's pitch and tar manufactory, Plough-road, Ber-
mondsey. The flames were prevented from catch-
ing the main buildings, and were confined to the boil-
ing.house. The fire was caused by the over-heating of
the boiler. Another fire broke out at No. 32, Alpha-
road, St. John's-wood, owing to an explosion of an illicit
still, which did very considerable damage. As soon as
the fire was discovered by the neighbours, two men
effected their escape over the garden wall in rear of the
premises, and left the premises to their fats. Fortunately
Mr. G. R. Staples arrived with his engines very early,
or the consequences woulcl have been very gericra.

STATISTICS OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES.

(Front the Morning Herald of this day.)

Mr. Fonblanque has favoured us with a "blue-
. book" from the Board of Trade, dated " August,
1855," under the title of " Statistical Tables Rela-
tive to Foreign Countries ;" Part 11. And, as but
few people take the trouble to turn over these
volumes of figures, it seems to be a part of our
duty, whenever any valuable information is hidden
in any of these ponderous tomes, to render it avail-
able to the general reader.
Now in the present volume we observe two classes
of facts, both of which deserve at least a passing
notice. The one has a commercial bearing—the
other, a religious one. We will notice each in its
turn.

I. lu this volume there is furnished to us an
extensive view of the working of the Zollverein,
or German Union ; and we have an opportunity of
observing how far the promise or prediction of 1546
has been realised—that if we would act liberally
towards the continental powers, they would soon
act liberally towards us—that if we would open our
ports to their corn, they would soon be found
willing to open their ports to our cottons and
woollens.
We are now in the tenth year since that predic-
tion was made the basis of British legislation ; and
we have before us the proof in these tables, issued
by Mr. Fonblanque, that in the seventh year after
we had acted on that prediction there was not even
a glimmering of a hope in this quarter of any reci-
procation of our foolish liberality.
The population of the countries included in the
German Union, be it remembered, may be stated in
round numbers at 30,000,000. Now such are the
duties retained by the Zollverein, that in the year
1853 the amount of manufactured goods imported
into the territories of that union for these thirty
millions of people may be gathered from these few
items.

A thaler is about 3s. of English money. The
value of the imports under the following heads is
(riven in thalers :
tt

Real value.
Cotton manufactures 1,486,260 thalers.
Glass
Linen manufactures
Silk manufactures 4,436,400 „
Woollen manufactures

11,056,760
Or, about 1,685,000/. Thus the thirty millions
use of manufactured goods from England or France
to the value of about one shilling per head !
The main fact, however, to be observed is this—
that there is no sign of the slightest intention on
the part of the Germans of giving up their pro-
tective duties merely because we have foolishly
chosen to give up ours.
11. The other point on which these tables seem
to give a little fresh evidence is that which was
brought before the public by Mr. Hobart Seymour,
in view of the comparative morality of Roman
Catholic and Protestant countries. The Romanists
build convents, and fill them with young women,
iu order to insure their purity. For those who
are allowed to live in society they prescribe the
confessional, in order that both married and single
females may have a constant watch kept over them,
and may by these safeguards be kept chaste, or
recalled when straying.
What is the result ? Mr. Hobart Seymour gave
us several startling facts in elucidation of this
question ; and now Mr. Fonblanque furnishes us
with two or three further ones.

He gives us the population, the religious persua-
sions, and the births of Bavaria, Saxony, Hanover,
and Wurteinljur. The first of these German states
is predominantly Romish ; the other three are pre.
dominantly Protestant. Now, what is the differ-
ence, if there be any, between these four states, in
point of morality ? Let us see.
The population of the three states which have
chiefly Protestant inhabitants is thus given—

Saxony 1,937,832
Hanover 1,819,253
Wurt.emburg 1,802,252

5,609,337
And the births, legitimate and illegitimate, in
Cite last year given, are these :
Legit. Illegit.
Saxony 68,914
Hanover
Wurtemburg

IS3, 791 27,239
A similar return, for the kingdom of Bavaria,
where three-fourths of the people are Roman
Catholics, is as follows :

Population..
4,560,658
Legit.
13;rthr;
In the Protestant states, the proportion of ille-
gitimate births to legitimate oues is a little more
than one in eight : in the Roman Catholic it is
more thin one in five.

Davoria

And as there are many Protestants in Bavaria
who raise the standard of morality, and many
Romanists in Hanover, Wurtemburg, &c., who
lower the general tono of morality, we cannot
doubt that a purely Protestant state, weighed
against a purely Roruish one, both situated in
Germany, would be found to have less than halt
the proportion of vice which ezists in the region
of the confessional and the conventual system.

SE WAGE OF TOWNS.

TO THE EDITOR. OF THE SIN.

was pleased by reading your remarks
upon the sewage matter of towns in The Snm of
Tuesday last.

That this matter would form a highly valuable
manure there can be no doubt ; although, from
many causes, it is far from easy to say which is the
best method of rendering it available for such a
purpose. _

I have devoted much time to the sewage ques-
tion, and, as a general principle, feel compelled to
decide in favour of intercepting sewers.
The plan adopted at Paris is open to many seri-
ous objections. In the first place, it would be dif-
ficult, if not impossible, to construct utensils
adapted to all classes of houses.
Secondly, I fear the daily use of such utensils in
large cities would prove an intolerable nuisance,
especially during hot weather.
With a view, however, towards effecting a par-
tial adoption of the Parisian plan, I beg to suggest
that, in many cases, portable latrines, somewhat
similar to those about to be tried at Aldershott,
might answer the purpose. If with these peat
charcoal were used, a large portion of the offensive
effluvia would be deodorised, and a portable con-
densed manure obtained, which would be of great
value. _ _

_______
As one fact is worth a dozen theories, I would
mention that Mr. the florist, of Camber-
well, succeeded in completely deodorising the con-
tents of a cesspool by peat charcoal, and the manure
resulting from the experiment proved very effica-
cious.

Let me call the attention of railway directors to
the formation of portable latrines and the use cf
peat charcoal at the various stations, from which I
am sanguine a large profit would be derived.
I am, Sir, yours obediently,
THOS. J. PRING, Architect.
Wellington-road, Camberwell, Sept. 12.