The National Register.
London, England, 1820-03-27 00:00:00

TIM NATIONAL REGISTER.

affection to himself, it' it provoked any sentiment of that
imitate. But were /411111[f/4, because they had served cre-
ditably abound, to be sanctioned in cutting down their
country mem at I ? The Idle!, !lows ser, was charged
tank being " of and concerning the govet nment of the
realm;' and indeed !lois was the only charge %hick he
could joistly be called ion to meet. The trial had in fart
goose genie tar enough to put the prosecutor. out of Court,
for all the I videace we ht to slioW a pnblieation in the
county of lidiilesex shnec. (The Homo aI, le MIIIIIIII
alter some further ole-ersatillll4 with fl•g:11.11 to the moor,
entered at considerable leogth into the silkier., of a fl.lol in,
of parliameid, and Toned A 1.1114 list of atothoeities favor-
able to the dont ine of a noire extended !einem-minion of
the people. Amongst these were Lord t:ltstendioit, Lunt
1301111Onuke, Swift Locke, Lord Catudeu, Lord Chatham
Mr. Justice Bleekstone, the Duke of Richmond, Mr
Pitt, and Mr. Pox.) 11.- was ashamed to weary that in with
so otiany quotations, boot It was of the greatest Moon lance
that lie should not he so.peeted or treated as if he used re-
form as a mask or Cocci* for hostility and noischieviomme.s.
It aas too much to talk of reform as wild and visionary,
mien it 11/Iti been siippodsted by such men and with so
•Ie abilioy. His object ill 1011)2: there statements htmloo e
them was to show, that there aa. no culpability in loving
ft ceilono. and in endeavourin_ to ~Mein that Pal liainen t-
ory !reform whick was essential 10 the welfare anal liberty
of the people. For himself this had been h isobject from
the con iiiii foreland of his life. He %mild read to them
extracts of tie speeches made by hint in Pat liament
un
four Several motions. They had beard what Chief Jat•tice
I Ink thought of soldiers interim ing with the execution
of
the laws, anil they could judge atwitter he ttion4lot them
a part of the gover ttttt rut. Bin Black...tone's language,
he was efrald,tentled to excite disaffection far br)Oild any
thing in his It tier. H. re the lion. bort. rem' Blackstune's
observations on the danger of a dedinction between the
soldiers and the comintinity—.the ritelly of having a body
of men reduced to a stale of servitude in the mid -I of a

tree nation.
The utwai ider of the hon. hart.'s speech, and the de
tails of the proceedings that followed, we are obliged to
omit, for want of room.
Mr. Set geant Vaughan replied at considerable length.
Mr. Justice REST, atter basing observed, that all that
had been .aid can ex-officio informations, on special jilt its,
on pat Hemet, /try refire no, and on evidence respecting the
Mani heater puuerdiugs, wad exttioneons, pi ()creole(' to
state his opi, ion, that Leirestershire was the place of pub-
lication, and was properly made the place of prosecution.
Libel and sedition were nut charges that conic{ not he
grappled with, and that could not lie nutlet stood. It was
mans tenate to have quoted f
who were both discontented. If the paper in question
was written with the same pure spirit with which Locke,
that great and immortal writer %tote, it was no libel.
W 'thrall liberty of the press there could he tie free go-
veiument. find forbid that he sitanthtl ever discontinue
to feel attached to it. But the question was, wheth. r this
paper did not excite to disaffection? or, in other words,
was not addressed to the passions? If there weir only a
few intemperate expressions it was no lihe I. But if the
MI iter matt d what lie could nut have known to be tine or
false, if lee addl.:Abed 16111,4.4 f to the lower orders, lie felt
it his duty, in terms of the set of pal liatateut, to direct
them to final the defendant ghiity. If they Mel no minion
to suppose I • wrong, they weer to take the lo.v f him.
lie had then no hesitation Lt saying that it was a hind.
Was it proper that a 111416 of education and high stotiou,
like Sir Ft etiet• Burdett, P 1104141 state that blood had 11eI.11
spilt. became he 11,1,1 loused it in a musting paper? Ne-
ttling occurred that could limn any excuse fur the
mull
isitemperete man, in saying that a feign of terror and
blood W 44 cnouneuceil in this rummy. If terror and
blood were on one side, whet must have beep 4111 Ilse 4111114?
lie was sorry to find the passage which stated, " a 111411
ran die but hate." There never was a niore Steil:mg in-
stance of the muck heroic. Ta • +kleinlaut koew pet-
tedly well that nu attempt would he made to Midi-tip,
the meeting at 11, ally one tell hum that
say thing could be eerie piegnatti with mischief than the
passage respecting the piiiiisintient of soldiers f The ti
vet nment rested not on the arty, 6011 on the alfeetions of
the people. If the paper ass calculated to du infinite
mischief, that mischief must have been intended. More
poisonous Mgt edients never were condensed in one
paper.
The Jury conversed together in the bee for abort 2 minutes :
the freeman then stepped Into his place, and called out, " Guilty
of
Mr. Denman remarked, that the verdict did not find the pulr-
Donlon in Leicestershire.
Mr. Sergeant Vaughan contended it did.
Mr. Justice Best (to the foreime.).—Do you find Cie Jibe: pub-
lished in Leicestershire ?
Foreman.—Guilt' of libel in Leicestershire.
Mr. Justice Bests—You fiad the publication of the libel in
Leicestershire ?
adorer rat e.-I'ei.
Mr. Justice Flesh—Had you not !weer then find the general
verdict," Guilty ;" tl.at is the canhakei term ?
The Foreman assented.
Mr. Justice lie-t.—Was not that your meaning when you
found your verdict ?
Fore.llll4l•—Yt.,
The trial emied at half past fire
The Court remained clouded to the greatest excess till the
end of the triad. The most wain silence was preserved on
hearing the verdict. Sir Franco.. Burdett. on leaviag the Court,
was aitendiel by multitudes which could with great thfliculty
pour along the streets b-tween tine Castle and the Three
Crowns. hey waved their ears, and cliecied the whole way. As
they seemed unwitting to retire without being athle•sser, Sir
['ramie. loom the window, thanked tnem for toe interest they
took in his Lichen*. lie admitted that he fed some thsappoint.
ment at the result of the verdict that day ; but that it. like other
similar measures, ultimately led to the pnelucilon of public good.
Ile trusted they would Men quietly oispetse, with winch admo-
nition they iestatitly comp7iea.
The trial 11.42, 1144 over unit nearly Six o'clock in the evening.

BRAZI L MAIL.
.......

Extract of a letter, dated Rio de Janeiro, Jan. 11,
18t0:—" We have letters from ILICIIOI Ayres to
to the 6tb of December, but they contain nothing
of any interest, except a Chili Gazette, of the
November, with a letter from Lord Cochrane, of the
6th October. His Lordship sates, that on the let
and Sd October he had attacked the enemy's squa-
dron at Callao, but without the epected effect,
although w:thout any kis on his side; that the

Congreve rockets did not answer completely, for
want of sufficient precision in their direction ; and
that he, therefore, was going to remedy this defect,
in order to make a third and more effectual attack.
To the date of that letter, the Santelmo and Nu-
eva, Spanish ships of war from Cadiz, had not yet
made their appearance; it is reported, however,
that both ships have put into Valdivia, and that they
still may be in a state to engage Lord Cochrane.
" The correspondence from Monte Video comes
down to the 14th November inclusive; according to
it, the Spaniards, who had meditated the rising of
their countrymen against the constituted authori-
ties, in case of the arrival of the grand expedition,
remained still confined on shipboard, and had not
been sent to the Brazils, as they wen!. to be tried at
Monte Video.

" The same accounts add, that Fructooso Rivera,
one of Artigas'n most distinguished chiefs, had de-
elaml against him, ant in tour of the Government
of Buenos Ayres.

" The deputation Pent by the Cahill° of Monte
Video to our Court had returned and brought the
most satisfactory assurances; their substance is said
to be to the following effect :—That his most
Faithful Majesty would on no account suffer his
fbrees to second the operations of the Spanish expe-
dition from Cadiz, if it should make its appearance
in the river Plate; that the state of volities in Eu-
rope might perhaps nut permit his Majesty to defend
Monte Video acainst the arms of Spam but that in
such case the fortress should be given up to the
Cabildo and inhabitants as early as possible, in order
to enable them to collect and arrange their means of
defence."

EPI TOME
or THE SPANISH CONSTITUTION.
As digested and estatdished by tla• Curie% ia 1 HI t, gvid rt.-apt:A,
4aactiut;cl, and adopted 6y Ferdinand VII. in ISt:O.

The Spanish fiction is free stud independent, and isnot, nor
cannot be, the patrimony of any person or family.
The sovereignty resides esientially in the nation and the right
of enacting its fundamental laws belongs exclusively to it by this
same principle.
All Spa Mart's ate bound, witlisut any distinction whatever.
to contribute, in proportion to their nictins, to the expenses ot
the State.
Every Spaniard is also bound to defend his country in arms,
wl.enever the law may demand his
Governntent of the Spanish nation is a 'halted, hereditary
monarchy.
The power of making laws is fixed in the Corti; jointly with
the King.
The execution of the laws is fixed in the King.
The application of the laws in civil and criminal cases, is
placed in the tribunals establ.shed by Iha law.
The right of granting letters of citizensaip to foreigners is:
lodged in the Cortes.
Citizens alone are elf; ible to municipal otfie.,s, and permitted
to vote for Mein in those casts pointed Oat by the law.
From the year Ititti, all those who claim the rights of citi-
zenship must know how to rind and write.
The Cortes consists in the union of all the deputies that repre-
sent the nation, nominated by the citizens, in manner therein
stated.
The basis of national representation is the population.
For every 70,000 souls there shall be one deputy to the Cortes:
any odd numbers exceeding 55,900 shall name a deputy for
themselves, St. Domingo names a deputy :aunt the Cltra Ma.
rine population, viz. that of North and South America, elttts
deputies in the same proportion as that of Old Spain.
}'or the election of deputies to the Cortes, parisii, district, and
provincial meetings shall be held.
'life parish in. (ling; to be held throughout the European do-
minions, on the first Sundae in October, in the year prei ions to
the meeting of the Cortes. [The detailed regulations relative to
the modem* election, we have not room to insert.
To be a deputy of the Cortes, it is nivessary to lie a citizen 23
years old, with a proportionate income, to he hereafter "iteeithal.
The Secretaries of State, the Councillors of State and the
Officers of the Royal household, are inelligible as ,opines to
the Cortes.
The deputies to be indemnified for their expenses by a pro-
vincial rate.
Toe Cortes to assemble every rar in the capital of the Lit-g-
-(lion, with power (by art. lost to remove to any plate, not i• one
distant from Madrid than 12 leagues.
Tne session to begin on the Ist of March, and contirme three
monde,. . . .

The deputies, shall be renewed entirely every two years.
A nielober is not eldOile to t.o soccessive Parliammts.
The deputies swear to preserve the Roman Catholic religion,
to preserve the poinical constitution. and to coatlitei themselves
faithfully to the nation. N. IL All reference to the King is
omitted in this oath.
The King is to be made acquainted, by a deputation of 22
menmer:, with the as.ettibly 01 the Cort,.s. Ile is to attend
per.onatly at the fouled opening; if not, the President
shall open the session witimat delay. The King to enter the
assembly ungtiariled. lie is to make a speech, lying what. ter
he thinks fit, or send his Navel% to tte l'resident. -fhe Corns
cannot deliberate in the pre :nee of the Kit,g. tie sesdons are
to be public. The persons of the ile;..t pee o be Inviolable Mr
their opinions. In criminal cases, they are to be tried by a tri-
bunal of the Cartes; roil are not to be soul in citil layr, nor
levied upon for debt, during tile ses•,ion, or for one inondi after-
wards.
The powers of the Cure.; are, viz., in the last place, to pro-
pose and decree the law. ; and to intercept and alter them on
necessary oocasinn.
To take an to the K'ng, to the Pane' of Asturias, and
to the Regency, it, is pointed out in their places.
To ikternitne any doubt of fact or right, that may occur in
°Met of the succe-aini to the crown.
To elect a Regency ur Regent of tl:c Kingdom, whop the con
stitution requires it, and to point out the limits wi:Olit mach
the Regency or Itegerit must eitereige the royal authority.
To make the public uclunowletiginent of the Prince of
Asturias.
To nominate a guardian to the Xing minor, when the con-
stitution requires it.
They are to ap?rore, previous to ratification, the treaties of
offen-ive of subsidies, and the pat ticolars of ammeter.
T. permit or refUJJ the admission of foreign .reopa into the
Kin lam.
To decree the creation and snppressinn of offices in the tri.
burials e,tablislied by the oUlliUltltlo3, and also tie creation of
abolitiou of public offices.
Toth; every year, ou the proposal of the KiAg, Cie land and

sea forces, determining the establishments in time of peace, and
its augmentation in time of war.
To issue onlinancos to the army, to the fleet, and to the
national militia, in all their branches.
To fix the expences of the public administration.
To establish annually the taxes
To take property upon loan, in cases of necessity, upon the
credit of the nation.
To approve the division of the taxei among the provinces.
To examine and approve the accounts of the application of
the public funds.
To establish the Custom houses. and duties to be paid there.
To order what is expedien t for the administration, preservation,
and alienation of the national funds.
To determine the valor, the weight, the standard, the figure,
and description of money.
To adapt the systern it may judge most convenient and just of
weights snd measures.
To promote and encrurage all kinds of industry, and to remove
the obstat .s that paralyse it.
To est:miish a general plan of public instruction in the whole
monarchy, and approve that which is intended for the education
of the I', ince of Asturias.
To approve of the general regulation for the police and health
of the Kingeom.
To protect the political liberty of the press.
To tender real and effective the responsibility of the Secretat les
of State, and other persons in public employ.
Lastly. it belongs to the Cottes to grant or refuse its content
in all those east.* and acts which the constitution points out
necessary.