The Sun.
London, England, 1855-04-14 00:00:00

lii; G, APRIL 14, 1855.

mere money-dealers, who look to no object in the 1
negotiation of a. loan but their4iersonal profit, are,
of courser, in favour of a simre creation ofltYor 15
millions of Consols, as the most marketable Stock ;
but we trust that CornewalkLewis will:take ti more
statesmanlike view of thial important operation,
and will bring forward his lhan on the conditions'
which are least likely to be permanently odorous-
to the resources of the nation,

(From the Times Pity Arliele. of thisday.)
FRIDAY EvßwrivG.—The expected notice from
the Chancellor of the Exchequer that for the pur-
pose of arranging the prelimmariee and fixing the
amount of the 'intended loan, ,the Premier and he
will .be ready to see the Governors of the Bank on
Monday next at the Treasury, together with any
gentlemen who may bo desiraps of contracting for
it, was communicated to the Stock-Exchang4 this
morning, almost immediatelyjafter the commence-
ment -of business. •
-Subsequently there were various reports as to
the sum contemplated to be raised, ranging from
10,000,0001. to 20,000,0001. The general impres-
sion was that it will be for about 15,000,0001., and
that a very large portion of A will be in Consols,
as the most marketable security.
The effect of this announcement upon prices has
been a further considerable decline, and Consols
are now 2 per cent. lower tintu at the beginning of
the month. The closing quotation last evening
was 91/, and the first transactions to-day were -at
94 to whence; Upon -the receipt of the Govern-I
went intimation, they dropptel to 91. i. A slight
reaction then took place, and-44e last official prices
were 94 for money, and-910or the 10th of May.
At a later hour there was renewed depression, at
large sale for the ac-count-liaylnl been effected, and
the market being 'extremely, iiefisitive, not only in
consequence of the loan, but also from a. general
feeling that momentous news ,nay now be looked'
for from the Crimea at any moment. The latest
operations- were at 901 to 91 for money, and 91 to
for time. Bank Stock left Of at 210 to 2114 ;
Reduced, 90 ; New Three per Cents., 90;i to ; I
Long A nnuities,,3 1546 ; India Stock, 227 to 230; I
India Bonds, lls. to 145.; and Exchequerd)ills
(June) ss. to Bs.; (March), 7s. to 10s. premium.
By :he public at large the confirmation -of the
opinion that a loan would be adopted in prefer-
ence to an increase of taxation has been received
with great satisfaction. The principles which ren-
dered this course desirable were fully stated in the
Times of the Ist of January, and nothing has
since occurred to weaken the arguments then em-
ployed. The rule that is indispeneable in, the con-
duct of every permanent commercial undertaking,
of avoiding all violent perturbations by a system
of averages which spreads the cost of bad years over
a lengthened term, is alike essential in the mar
nagement of the financial affairs of a nation. Inas-
much as the existing generation have brought the
pressure of the old national debt upon each
individual to less than -three-fourths of
what it was when it • first fell upon them,
while in the course of fire years from this
date further reductions will be in pro:
gross, 'Which will operate as if a fresh
total of 110,000,0001. had been paid off, it can-
not be alleged that the title to relief at present
has been forfeited by a neglcct of duty during the
past. Under these circumstances, if the energies
of the people had been damped by a determination
to heap taxes upon them fot every farthing which
the exigencies of the time demand, there would
have been room to suppose that the Government,
while professing that the war must be carried on
with vigour until the objects for which it was deli-
berately undertaken are fulfilled, were really de
sirous of preparing for a hollow peace, and the
notification of to-day has therefore been received
with additional favour from the assurance it con-
veys that in that respect there is nothing to be
apprehended.

(From the Daily News of this day.)

Government have taken the plunge. The Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer has intimated to the mem-
bers of the Stock Exchange, through the medium
of the Bank of England, that the Premier and him-
self will be ready on Monday next to see any gentle-
men who are desirous of, contracting for a loan for
the service of the present year vand that they will
then inform them what amount will be required,
and will settle the prelimititiy.. arrangements.
There can be no doubt thatiu4d,opting this reso-
lution Government have ixtet be wishes of the
great body of the public. Much, no doubt, will
depend upon the terma on which the loan is to be
raised ; but the public feel that industrial enter-
prise, and commercial operations in general, will be
less disturbed by raising a loan than by increasing
taxation to such an amount es would render it pos-
sible to defray the expenditge of the year by the
revenue collected within the year. There will be
less danger of labourers beitg thrown out of em-
ployment. But the announcement of the intended
loanis welcomed for other aid higher reasons. It
is understood to be tantamount to a declaration on
the part of GOvernment that
they have abandoned
—if ever they entertained—all idea of patching up
a premature and precarious pace; and that they
are. alive to the importance of carrying
with vigour, and on a scaleon the war
4ommensurate to the
magnitude of the interests at talle•

will require to be made cautiously and gradually
may be admitted, but made they must be if the
authority.of his family is to be:rendered secure, and
France spared the misery and horror of new revo-
lutions. ;It is only by- identifying himself with the
French people that he can ohtain protection for the
.House of Napoleon from the ill-concealed hosti-
lity of the old absolute dynasties t and to identify'
himself with the French people he must concede to-
them a real share in the management of their pub-
lie affairs.

•
Such truths will probably be unpalatable to the
Emperor, but they are pressed: upon his attention
in no unfriendly spirit. The best service that Eng-
lishmen-can render him is frankly, though respect-
fully, to express their real sentiments on the sub-
jects now adverted to. Ho will meet with many
during his visit who will address him in more
honied accents ; but, if success has not blinded him,
leis own innate sagacity and dear-bought experi-
ence must have taught him how little courtly flat-
terers are to be trusted. Many will bow. low to
him, and affect to he gratified by his notice who
hold very different language .in their private con-
ciliabtaes. It would edify him could he learn how
the prospect of his visit has been canvassed in cer-
tain exclusive circles-=what devices have been re-
sorted to for the purpose of deterring him from
paying it. When he elevated the Empress to a
share
.of his _throne—the wisest and most genial
step he has taken since he assumed the purple—he
boldly declared himself a parvenu. The word sticks
in the throats-of our exclusives, and they axe scan-
dalised at the idea of the parvenu's being invested
with the Garter—an act bailed as a proper tribute
to the French nation by all free-minded English
politicians.
On the Probable-conseqUenooli of personal friend-
ship, as the result of personal intercourse between the
sovereigns of France ani.England, it is not worth
while wasting a thought. We all remember the
affecting domesticity of the intercourse between-
Louis Philippa and our Queen, and his paternal
effusion, towards his young royal friend of Eng-
land.: And we remember that while that grimace
was being played off by the late Ulysses of Euro-
pean Kings, -he was-stealing a march upon Eng-
land by the atrocious Spanish marriages, his son
was pursuing a policy which had nearly led to a
war between France and England. The only
entente cordials that it is worth a farthing is the
entente cordiale of the nations. That has increased
since the "dethronement of the Bourbons, and is
likely to go on increasing. It can only be con-
firmed and augmented-by the increased communi-
cation and extended commercial relations of the
two countries. It is independent of the personal
feelings of rulers of either from the time being.
_ Muttered apprehensions of danger to our impe-
rial visitor are heard from some quarters. These
exaggerated or affected alarms are utterly un-
worthy of notice. England is the only asylum in
Europe where political exiles of all opinions can
find safety. For any one sector party to attempt
to gratify its animosity by offering insult or- vio-
lence to an opponent on this soil would be a crime
as atrocious as for him who has taken sanctuary to
stab his enemy in the church. The asylum would
be desecrated by such ' a deed and its privileges
destroyed. This is well known to all political re-
fugees amongst us ; and self-regard, in the absence
Of higher motives, will suffice to tie up their hands.

THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD BEFORE
SEBASTOPOL.

[ANOTHER ACCOiTNT.]
MARCH 26.—Early on Saturday morning a flag
of truce was sent in by the allies with a proposition
to the Russians for an armistice to bury the dead,
which were lying in numbers—five or six Russians
to every Frenchman and Englishman—in front of
the Round Tower and Mamelon, and, after some
delay, an answer in the 'affirmative was returned,
and it was arranged that two hours should be
granted for collecting and carrying away the dead
on both sides. The news spread through the camps,
and the races which the Chasseurs d'Afrique had
got up in excellent style were much shorn of their
attractions by the opportunity afforded to us of
meeting our enemies on neutral ground. All the
ravines leading to the front trenches were crowded
with officers hastening on horse and foot down
to the scene of so much hard fighting. The
crests of the hills and the slopes in front
of the batteries were covered with men, and
they dotted the deadly interval between the bat-
teries, which bad been before occupied alone by
thousands of tons of shot and fragments of shell
discharged by French and English and Russians
during this protracted siege. The day was beau-
tifully bright and warm. White flags waved gently
in the faint spring breeze above the embrasures of
our batteries, and from the Round Tower and
Mamelon. Not a soul had been visible in front of
the lines an instant before the emblems of peace
were run up to the flagstaffs, and a sullen gun
from the IViamelon and a burst of smoke from
Gordon's batteries had but a short time previously
heralded the armistice. The instant the flags
were hoisted friend and foe swarmed out of the
embra'sures. The Riflemen of the allies and of
the enemy rose from their lairs in the rifle pits,
and sauntered towards each other to behold ,
their grim handiwork. The whole of the space ,
between the Russian lines and our own was
filled with groups of unarmed soldiery. Passing
down by the Middle Picket Ravine, which is now
occupied by the French, and which runs down in
front of the Light Division camp, I came out upon
the advanced French trench, within a few hundred
yards of the Mamelon. The sight was strange be-
yond description. French, English, and Russian
officers were walking about saluting each other
courteously as they passed, and occasionally enter-
ing into conversation, and a constant interchange of
little civilities, such as offering and receiving cigar-
lights, were going on in each little group. Some of
the Russian officers were evidently men of high
rank and breeding. Their polished manners c3n-
trasted remarkably with their plain, and rather
coarse clothing. They wore, with few, exceptions,
the invariable long gray coat over their uniforms.
The French officers were all (Az grande tenue, and
offered a striking contrast to many of our own offi-
cers, who were dressed a la Balaklava, and wore
uncouth peaddresses, catskin coats, and nonde-
script paletot.s. Many of the Russians looked
remarkably like English gentlemen in " style"
of face and bearing. One tall, fine-looking old
man, with a long gray beard and strangely shaped
cap, was pointed out to us as Hetman of the Cos-
sacks in the Crimea, but it did not appear as if
there were many men of very high, military rank
present. The Russians were rather grave and re-
served, but they seemed to fraternise with the
French better than with ourselves, and the men
certainly got on better with our allies than with
the few privates of our own regiments who were
down towards the front. But while all this civility
was going on we were walking among the dead,
over blood-stained ground, covered with evidences
of recent fight. Brokedmuskets, bayonets, cartouch
boxes, caps, fragments of clothing, straps and belts,
pieces of shell, little pools of clotted blood, shots:-
round and grape—shAtered gabions and sandbags,
were visible around us on every side, and through
the midst of the crowd stalked a solemn procession
of soldiers bearing their departed comrades to their
long home. I counted 77 litters borne past me in
15 minutes—each filled with a dead enemy. The
contortions of the slain were horrible, and recalled
the memories of the fields of Alma and Inkerman.
Some few French were lying far in advance towards
the Manielon and Round Tower among the gabions
belonging to the French advanced trenches, which
the Russians had broken down. They had evidently
been slain in pursuit of the enemy. The Russians
appeared to treat their dead with great respect.
The soldiers I saw were white-faced and seemed
ill-fed, though many of them had powerful frames,
square shoulders, and brOad chests. All their dead
who fell within and near our lines were stripped of
boots and stockings. The cleanliness of their feet,
and, in most cases, of their coarse linen shirts was
remarkable. Several sailors of the "equipages"
of the fleet of Sebastopol were killed in the attack.
They were generally muscular, fine, stout fellows,
with rough, soldierly faces. The Russians carried
off all the dead which lay outside our lines to
the town, passing down between the Mamelon
and the Round Tower. In the midst of all this
stern evidence of war a certain amount of lively
conversation began to spring up,
sian officers indulged in a little badinage. Smo.mro. .
in which the
_ Tof
e:
them asked our officers " when we were coming in
to take the place," others the excel-
going away?" Some congratulated
.uns upona good look at
" when weh
lent opportunity we had of_gettlg
nearer
Sebastopol, as the chance of
aot in their opinion
on similar occasions, was
aeked a private
view, except
very probable. nal many men we sentht
confidentially
E2-"lßegorra, only 7,000 a night
into the trenches ?
party of 10,000,,
"sia?illhow
was the ready
and a wake covering I 'riled and turned away. At
reply-litter stopped by a dead
He looked round
onetin" a it .t ',lto the litter. H
Thev Russian
with
body' de
pm,' I .
laughed
a
"`"^y, --,nrade to help him. A Zouave 'at once ad-
for a co---
vanceil Withmuoh moo And siftedit, to the infinite

FPRIcE SD,

amusement of the bystanders, but the joke was not
long-lived, as a Russian brusquely came up and
helped to carry off his dead comrade. In the town
we could see large bodies of soldiery in the streets,
assembled at the corners and in the public placeS.
Prc!bably they were ordered out to make a shoNVOf
their strength. The Russians denied that Piinee
Menschikoff was dead, but they admitted that Ads.
Isturmin
was killed. He was one of
principal,offieers engaged in the destruction 'of th
Turkish fleet at Sinope, and theOzar had rewardhim by giving him an order of St.- George of highe
.distinction than that worn by Prince Menschiko
and of a class which is generally accorded only t
successful generals who have conducted an AIM
and closed a triumphant campaign. A distiu
guished-looking man, who complained that he wa
likely to be deprived of 'his-cruise in his yacht thi
year by the- war, was ‘,,poiuted out to us as Princi
Bariatinski. Owing to some , misunderstanding,l
a little fusillade began among the riflemen on thei
left during the armistice, and disturad our attention'
for a moment, but it was soon terminated. Generall
Bo s quet and saveralofficers of tank of the allied arnir
visited the trenches during the armistice, and staff
officers were present on both sides to see that the
men did not go out of bounds. The armistice was
over about 3 o'clock. Scarcely had the white flag
disappeared behind the parapet of the Mamelon
before a round shot from the sailors' battery went
slap through one of the embrasures of the Russian
work, and dashed up a great pillar of earth inside.
The Russians at once replied, and the noise of cannon
moon re-echoed. through thexavin-es. It was curious
to ohserie the masses of shot and shell in the
ravines which had been fired by the enemy at our
men on their way to and from the trenches. It was
impossible for them to ace us, but they poured their
shot and shell -right into the path from the Round
Tower, the Mamelen, :tad the ships. Five dead
Russians and two dead Zeuaves were lying far in
rear of our lines, in the middle picket ravine.
Every look at the rifle pits satisfies me that the
Russians mean thein as rudiments of advanced
works against us, and that they are likely to prove
very troublesome. -The Mamelon is a serious ingre-
dient in calculating the chances of an assault. The
work on the east of it is also very dangerous. The
Russians have al ready begun to arm them with heavy
guns, and their fire will prove, I fear, extremelyharassing. If these points could have been occu-
pied our engineers, no doubt, would have seen the
importance of their possession to us ; but the fact is
I believe, that the engineers complain they cannot
get enough of hands for the essential work of the
attacks we actually possess. In addition to the
trench which the Russians have made to connect
their pits with each other, they have thrown up
three trenches at right angles, which would enable
them to enfilade any party attacking the Mamelon,
but these trenches are of course enfiladed by the
French approach at right angles to it. They will
very speedily be able to disturb our works from the
redoubt over Careening Bay. It is thought that
the silence of their guns may be accounted for with
great probability, without supposing they are short
of ammunition. It is very likely they are engaged
in making a line of defences in rear of their present
works. Our new batteries are completed. The
armament will be in them in a short time from
the date of this letter.

LOSS OF HER MAJESTY'S SHIP TIGER.

COURT-MARTIAL.

Several witnesses were examined before the court-
martial after our report was despatched from Portsmouth
on Thursday, but their evidence did not disclose any ma-
terial fact.

At half-past sir o'clock the Court adjourned until
Friday. .

SECOND DAY.
Mr. Wilkinson, recalled.—To the best of my belief
the master was within hearing whoa I reported eight
fathoms. lam not aware that the master remonstrated
with the captain respecting the way in whit))) the ship
was conducted during the 24 hours previous to the
wreck, nor am I aware that he did so with the first
lieutenant. I did not hear Baker report the land, nor
yet the look-out. I am not aware that land was reported
before I took the watch. The captain did not tell me
to acquaint the master that the ship was to go on when
in eight fathoms, and that the course was to be altered
when at g fathoms. After the ship was on shore the
sails were not used to get her off, as there was no wind.
President—Could the ship have been abandoned, and
the people rescued in the boats, instead of being given
up to the enemy, with due regard to the men wounded ?
Witness—Not after the enemy opened fire.
President—Why was the pinnace not hoisted out ?
Witness—l don't know. There was nothing to my
knowledge to prevent her being hoisted out ; she was
perfectly ready to he hoisted out at any time.
By the Court —How long time elapsed between the
time Captain Giffard was wounded and the surrender of
the ship ?
Witness—When he was carried down below he ordered.
the flag to be struck. I heard it myself. The flag was
to be struck, and the Russian colours hoisted. Captain
Giffard, was carried down immediately after he was
wounded: He did not consult with the first lieutenant
as to the surrender of the ship that lam aware of. None
of the officers or men objected to the surrender of the
ship, to my knowledge.
By the Court—What measures were taken to let the
other ships in company know atter the ship was on
Shore ?
Witness—By firing 24 pounders at intervals, and
musketry occasionally. I heard the gun-signal answered.
Just as I bad reached the top of the bill to the left of
the Russian battery I saw for the first time the Vesu-
vius. The infantry and cavalry of the Russians were
about 150 yards in the rear. I think any attempt to get
the ship off would have been useless. The cliff completely
commanded our deck. Ido not think the ship was on
fire when we struck. She was burnt and blown up
after we left her, either by our own ships or the enemy.
There were uo. men wounded by musketry.
By Lieutenant Royer —What were the usual arrange-
ments respecting the boats of the Tiger ?
Witness-r--lhey were al ways ready to be got out at
any time.
Lieutedant Royer—On the morning of the 12th was
th ere any obstacle to get the pinnace out ?
Witness.—The second gig was in the pinnace, and
the ship's company were employed other ways.
By Mr. Elingtee—Do you recollect any conversa-
tion to have taken place with Lieutenant Royer or your-
self with regard to the-captain having ordered me to go
into five fathoms' water ?
Witness—l had no conversation with you on the sub-
ject, and Lieutenant Royer was on the quarterdeck
while I was on the bridge.
Lieutenant Hamilton was recalled, and his evidence
of yesterday partially read over.
President—Describe what was done to get the ship off.
Witness—When I went on deck went forward to
the forecastle, and the laud was not seen for four or five
minutes. When the fog cleared away sufficiently we could
see a high cliff from 100 to 150 yards off. The captain
then ordered the rnpsketry to fire, and a howitzer signal
to be fired. I heard a report on the quarter and on the
how, from a ship apparently close to us, and reported it to
the captain.. The hands were then turned up, and ordered
to get out the paddle-box boats. The port paddle-box
boat was -got under the port bow, to take the small
bower anchor out, and the sheet cable was put into the
other. When the anchor was laid out, I afterwards
came on deck and attended to the capstan. We hove,
and reversed the engines at the same time. The engines
had been reversed when we were getting the boats out.
The ship slowed about two points, and I thought she
was coming off, and encouraged the men, when Captain
Giffard whispered to me that the anchor was coming
home, and to tell the men to heave steadily. A Cossack
passing fired his musket at us, and the captain ordered the
hammocks to be got up, and put at the forecastle. Parties
were sent to different parts of the ship to get coals and bal-
last out, and.heave the main deck guns overboard. The
starboard bow anchor was placed in the paddle-box boat,
the sheet anchor was thrown overboard. I was sent down
to the main deck to get the starboard gun overboard.
While getting it overboard the enemy hulled us; one shot
came on the main deck, and'at nearly the same time the
fire-bell rang. Lieutenant Royer sent me down to the
starboard side of the lower or troop deck, andehew.wde:
to the port side to see where the fire was.
h apparently There was
gone in the lining without coming throug
light through the ship, and the shot had
.
's store room,
• a strong smell of fire under the carpenter,
and he sent me aft
which I reported to Captain Giffard, I
went aft I found
Ito clear the paddle-box boats. When
ome tallest and shot
seme hands in the boats throwing s
When I went
t to the captain.
Ia
two fore-
out, and went to report
aut The captain ordered. the
most boilers were blown, -en he he was being carried aft,
ship to be surrendered when forward to do so the captain. was
and I sent for Mr. Royer.
aware why the cable was led
By the Court—Are you
in place of aft? shot. The
from forward
er,and he
captain's orders. Captain Gifford did his
said it was the
.off.
The
first lieute t
nan and the
utmost to get the ship
asked Lieutenant Roy
Witness—No.
efforts also. I think t
master used their best
d.
he most
judicious attempts were made,
been similarly
to my imprea-
sion, at the time ; but had I similarly situated I I
would have led the cable from the stern. I think
I sug-
gested that to Lieut. .Royer. I consider the best defence
against the enemy was made under the •
No officer, to my knowledge, objected t circumstances.
surrendered, Our decks were c o the ship being
by the guns on the cliff. When I landed,ompetel commanded
six guns, and about 3,000 infa t the enemy had
cavalry; in about ry, besides artillery and
a quarter
battery of 12 guns of an hour after I saw ano-
ther
was shot there going down. When Capt. Gif-
fardand I thought there were five men shot down on deck,
e was no use firing the gun, so I
ordered the men to take Captain Giffard and the wounded
I either I nor any other officer of the ship was