The National Register.
London, England, 1822-06-02 00:00:00

SOUTH AMERICA.

••••••••.11
His Nlajesty's ship Super?, 78, Capt. A. NPKenzie,
nom Lima, Valparaiso, and Rio Janeiro, has arrived at
Portsmouth, bringing bags of lettets and despatches front
these places, with about two millions of dollars, fuer-
CII•1111Y. properly. She left Lima on the 3d December,
Valparaiso 20th January, passed Cape Horn 15th Febru-
ary, and sailed from Rio 23t1 March. Commodore Sir
Thtimas ll,rdy was left at Lima, with his broad pendant
in the Conte frigate, Capt. T. White; the Conway, 28,
C ipt. Basil Hall, was gone to San Blas ; the Blia3on, 28,
Capt. Vernon, was at Valparaiso ; the Alacrity, IN, Cap!.
Doll. Fri d. Spencer, on the passage to Lima. The dif-
ferences between Lord: Cochrane and Gen. San Martin
still continued, his Lordship conceiving that his former
colleague's patriotism had deuentrated into selfish ambi-
tion. He has thrown off the Chilian servitude, renounced
that fl ig. and assumed the character of Protector of the
Peruvians;ii and, in opposition to Lord Cochrane's au-
thority and ulterior objects, has commenced raising a
outlet the Yrnuiau Hag. It consisted at present
of only a cots cite and two brigs, commanded by English
mixers. Lord Cochrane had kit Valparaiso for Way-
aTtil, with three frigates, and two smaller vessels; the
O'Higgins, being ((mud rotten, hail been broken up. His
Lousily's future operations were not known. lie con-
tomes a great favourite with die Ciiilians, who consider
liiili as faithful to their cstise. His Lordship's health
was improving. 'flue Antelicm ship Franklin, 80,
Commodore Stewart, had passed round Cape Horn, to
join the Constellalian Ingate, at Valparaiso, and protect
their trade in that quarter, which was quite as extensive
as that of the English men:llan:B. The French have also

-.r.~,

trATION.U. REGISTEII

rapidly growing mercantile interests in South America
and Inc Brazilian territory; the Cloriirde frigate, 80, had
toile round Cape Horn; Ilic Anti frigate, a concur,
a brig, and a schootter, were stationed at It.O. Nt.i less
01311 15 sail of French inerchatitinett hail recently arrived
oust from ports of France. The Superb left the Aurora
frigate, Capt. 11. Pre-coti, at Rot; the Braver. in, Cain.
A..NPLeatt, in the River Nate; the SI tney,Capiain
Stanhope, had gone to Bahia; the Doris frigate, Capt.
T. Graham, had arrived at Rio, from Bahia, anti after
wards sailed to join Sir T. 'lardy, at Lima. Whilst the
Superb lay at Rio Janeiro, a ship of the line, a frigate,
and four transports, with troops front Lisbon, arrived
there, for the purpose of aiding the Prince Regent in re-
storing his father's authority in that part of his elouni-
nio but not a man 01 thew was SUffered in laud,
except as private inin•iditais, and very :*ew chose to as-
smite this character for such a put pose. 'l' ne Prince
Regent had a communication with the commander of
the troops, the result of which was, that the ships. with
the troops on boast', left Rio on the clay the S.:lnrr', did,
lu return to Lisbon. Russian transports li to touched
at Rio, 106 days f St. Peiershurgii, bound to their
settlements on the south-west C 0.131 of America.

The following are extracts front private letter :
SANTIAGO HE CHILI, JAN. 16.—Within these few days
we have here S. Abreu, a Spanish Commissioner, who caine by
way of Panama : he has been received with great attention by
our Government. and has had several conferences with JI Misters;
but it is difficult to guess what Spain can expect to gain at 'me-
son by negotiation, after having lost so many (we:tunnies
before her South American possessions were irretrievably lost
to her.

" Our administration pursues its course of retrenchment and
economy ; the credit of Government therefore stands high ; and
should any temporary embarrassment oblige it asain to issue
paper money, it will no doubt be readily taken at par.
The conduct of Lord Cochrane. in Ins uispute with Gen.
San Martin. is much commended, although his Lordship's zeal
for Chili, his adopted country, has perhaps made hint ready to
censure General San Martin, and to impute sinister motives
to rim. _ _ .

" llis Lordship was displeased at Gen. San Martin's taking
the title of Protector of Peru, with the supreme command civil
and military, while, in tact he turd a commission as Commander-
in Chief of the Chilian army. The coolne,s between the two
commanders was increased, when San Martin declined to give
battle to the Spanish forces under the walls of Lima, or in front
of Callao, although Lord Cochrane strongly urged him to do so,
as the certain means of at once putting down the enemy. The
capitulation of Callao, concluded without the concurrence of
Lord Cochrane, anti restoring all Spanish property widened the
breach still more. The Chilian elect, the interests of which
were entirely forgotten in the capitulation. showed a mutinous
spirit, especially the foreign seamen, who had been buoyed up
with the hope of immense prize money at Callao. They were
clamorotu fur the arrears of their pay, and lord Cochrane found
himself compelled to satisfy them out of the money that had
been put on board the transports for the sake of greater security
while the Spanish forces were near the coast. This step was the
more justifiable. as the Treasury of Lima certainly ought to
have paid the arrears due to the fleet, on account of the Govern-
ment of Chili. which must have claims for larger aunts on Lima.
Lord Cochrane, however, to keep his men in activity. sent part
of the squadron to Valparaiso, and whit the rest proceeded to
Guyaquil. in order to co•operate, if nceessaty, with the Colum-
bian forces there, or to extend his cruise to the coast of Mexico,
and there to secure the two Spanish frigates, Prucba and Ven-
irtnaa, which are reported to have great sums of specie belonging
to Spaniards on board. At all events, the presence of the tieer.
before Callao was no longer required ; the character of the Go •
verntnent olChili and that tit General San Martin arc a secure
pledge that this unfortunate quarrel will have nu detrimental in-
fluence on thcicause of independence, nor weaken the good under-
standing which policy and mutual interest will alway s presetve
between Peru and Chili.

Lt itA, Nov. 30.—San Martin, who is very unpopular, has
adopted the flourishing title of Protector of l'eru, and governs
the country by a military despotism. You will probably have
card of the rupture between him and Lord Cochrane.
" After the evacuation of Callao by the Royalist army, his
Lordship applied for money to pay his officers and men, and
received for answer that there was no money, although it was
well known to his Lordship that about faxl,ooo dollars had been
embarked on board of private ships and Chili transports by an
Martin for safety, in case of being surprised by the Royalist army.
Ills Lordship was of opinion that this money would be equally
safe on board of his frigate, and consequently removed it thither,
with which lie paid his ships, and sent part of it to Chili. Sam
Martin had by this time got a flag of Ins own, and declared Pau
independent. which his Lordship conceived dependent on Chili,
and therefore would nu longer obey any orders from the General.
Every intrigue was used to induce the seamen and officers to
enter the Peruvian service, and even to hoist the flag on board
the Chili ships. Some officers who have always been in otiposi-
tion to his Lordship, immediately joined, and a great number
of the seamen who had been long confined on board wished
fur a change : they are, however, sorry for having made it. Not
one of them has been paid by this Government, whereas those
that remained with his Lordship have been paid to a day.
'• JAN UARY I.—This place remains perfectly quiet, and the
existing Government here finds itself so strong, that a very res—
pectable expedition, consisting of 3,000 men, is being equipped,
and will sail froni Callao in about a week, destined to the coast
of Arica, in order to attack Arequipa, and thus, if possible, ter-
minate the war in Peru.
'• General San Martin is still at the head of the Government,
with the title of Protector, but it is thought probable that lie will
shortly relinquish the supreme command in favour at a native of
this country, of distinguished family.
" Lord Cochrane. by the latest accounts from Guayaquil, was
about to sail from that port with his squadron, to run down the
coast of Mexico, and cruise for the two Spanish frigates, which
still remain in those seas."

By a vessel which has just arrived from Van Die.
man's Land and New South Wales, we have received
Sydney Casettes up to December last. We learn by
the same channel; that Governor Macquarie had
taken his passage in the Surrey, Capt. llaine, and
was to sail for Europe in the first week of January.
A new settlement has been founded at Macquarie
harbour, iu the south western part of Van Dieman's
Laud, tbr the criminals sentenced to transportation
from the old settlement of Van Dieman's Land.

During the week colonial produce has been ex-
tremely dull. Notwithstanding the detention of
he China ships, coffees cannot be disposed of at their
tate prices, and 2s. to Ss. a cwt. must be accepted of
lto effect sales. Sugars are also 2s. cheaper.
An Egyptian mummy, forfeited for the non-pay-
ment of duties, was lately sold at the Custom-house,
Plymouth, fur 4:351.