The Sun.
London, England, 1855-11-01 00:00:00

THE SON, LONDON, THURSDAY _EV ENIDIOS NOVEMBER 1 1855.

political capital for himself and the party to which
he belongs by pandering to and inflaming the
worst passions of the most ignorant portion of the
multitude, by offering a very gratuitous, wanton,
and wholly unjustifiable insult to the Govern-
ment of a nation with which his Government
was at peace. There might possibly have been a
more sordid and despicable reason, for the agents
of Russia are active on the other side of the
Atlantic, and its gold is profusely lavished for any
object that may create a diversion in its favour.
In whatever aspect we view the transaction, it is
equally repugnant to honourable, straightforward,
and manly feeling—(we shall not say gentlemanly,
for of that Mr. CALEB CUSHING is clearly incapable
proves that Mr. CALEB CUSHING
of judging)—and
is totally disqualified for the situation into which
he has been foisted, and if his conduct be not re-
pudiated by the Government, that others are also
amenable to censure that may not conduce to
their advantage in the forthcoming elections. We
would gladly leave these matters to the force of
public opiiion in the United States, which will, we
believe, be correctly formed and honestly expressed.
We do not doubt the result of that judgment.
But as there has been a gross insult to the British
Government, and the Consuls of the United
Kingdom in America—as the false, malicious,
and scandalous libel has been most unwarrantably
and improperly circulated, without any pretext of
privilege to excuse its publication—we think it
incumbent on our Government to request ex-
planations, and to requiie the dismissal of
Mr. CALEB CUSHING from the post for
which he is so clearly disqualified, and
for the 4etention whereof he has made so
i reckless a bidding. What might be the conse-
quence if such a man could be elevated to a high
judicial station, to which he might possibly aspire
if his gross misconduct should remain unnoticed
and uncensured ?

The resolution arrived at by the United States,
and duly notified to the Danish Government by
that Power, will, it is sincerely to be desired, be
the means of putting a stop to the levying of an
exorbitant and injurious impost, and that without
any hostile collision.
Such of our readers as are acquainted with the
nature and history of these dues will not require
to be told that they are levied by the Crown of
Denmark on the ships and cargoes passing the
straits of the Sound, and the Great and Little
Belts, and have long been regarded and designated
by all writers on the laws of nations as a gross
and unwarranted imposition. To give the reader
a notion of their extent, we find from the statisti-
cal tables furnished by the Danish Government,
that the annual average receipts of Sound Dues
on merchandise amount to 2,103,500 rix dollars,
and on ships to 284,089 rix dollars, the dues on
ships, including the charge for lighthouses, Jrc.
fa consequence of the strong remonstrances ad-
dressed to the Danish Government on the subject,
a revision of the dues was negotiated between
Denmark, England, and Sweden at the commence-
ment of the reign of CHRISTIAN VIII., the prede-
cessor of the present King ; and that not proving
satisfactory, a further revision, which has not
been carried into effect, was subsequently pro-
mised.

The American Government concluded a friendly
convention of commerce and navigation with Den-
mark on the 26th April, 1826, which it is asserted
contains a formal recognition of the right of Den-
nark to levy these dues. Experience and consi-
deration, however, soon led the American Govern-
neat, with that sense of justice which it has
dways displayed towards its commerce, to protest
igainst what, instead of a right, it discovered
to be an unwarrantable exaction ; and the term
of the above Treaty coming to an end on the 14th
April, 1856, it has in effect given notice of
its intention to pay no more Sound dues after
that period. In this emergency, knowing, as
the Danish Government does, that the American
Government is not to be triflod with, but when
in an affair of this sort it says it will adopt a cer-
tain course of action ,under given circumstances,
it is pretty certain to do so, takes the matter into
consideration—the result of its deliberations being
that no other eligible course is left to it but to
offer to discontinue the exaction of any further dues
from any nation on oompensation being paid for
the contemplated cession ; while to facilitate
matters, a scheme of compensation has been drawn
up and presented to the various courts by the
Danish Government, in connection with its pro-
posal on the subject. Calculating the average
receipts as above, viz., on merchandise at
2,103,500 rix dollars, it proposes to capitalise
chat amount at 5 per cent. (!), or twenty years' pur-
chase, which would produce 42,070,000 rix dol-
lars, or about 6,000,0001. Of this sum Russia
is expected to pay 29 per cent., or 12,363,000
rix dollars ; Great Britain the same amount, or
1,770,0001. ; Prussia, 12 par cent., or 5,163,000
rix dollars ; France, 3 per cent., or 1,513,000
rix dollars; Norway, 505,000 rix dollars; Ham-
burg and Bremen, 403,000 rix dollars ; Belgium,
383,000 rix dollars ; Holland, 1,500,000 rix
dollars ; Mecklenburg, 302,000 rix dollars, (tc.
In like manner the average receipts of the
Sound Dues on ships amount to 284,089 rix
dollars, which, capitalised in the same ratio, would
produce the sum of 5,681,780 rix dollars, or
812,0001. To this Great Britain would have to
contribute 1,409,860 rix dollars, or 200,0001. ;
Prussia, 867,780 rix dollars; Norway, 745,640
rix dollars ; Holland, 576,000 rix dollars ;
Sweden, 483,820 rix dollars ; Russia, 321,000
rix dollars ; Mecklenburg, 309,680 rix dollars ;
France, 101,160 rix dollars ; the United States,
34,530 rix dollars, &c.

To this preposterous proposal it is by no means
likely that the American Government will accede,
and common sense indicates that it would be
mad if it did. How the proposal may be re-
ceived elsewhere of course we are unable to say,
knowing what we do of the fatuity of European
Governments iu commercial matters. But this
we must say : Lord PALMERSTON' will fail in his
duty to the commercial interests of the country if
he does not take advantage of the opportunity now
offered to liberate our commercial marine
from so galling a yoke. TI )e attitude of
the American Government in this case
cannot be found fault with, being warranted
by justice, and it is to be desired that a commu-
nity of interests may lead to a good feeling be-
tween the two Governments, and a community of
resolute but peaceful action. We owe nothing to
Denmark, and are too much committed to Free
Trade to take up her unrighteous cause. The
duty, in short,
exaction of all dues
much of the dues on sh
not required for the maintenancenegotiated of lighthouses
and other facilities for traffic on the shores of the
Baltic.

Her Majesty the Qaeen and Prince Albert sent special
messengers yesterday morning to make inquiries with
regard to the health of the Bishop of London. The
following bulletin was issued :—" The bishop has had a
good night, and is going on more satisfactorily. Fulham
Palace,-Oot. SI, 1855. --

STANFORD'S NEW WAR MAP.

Another new war map, but just issued from the
press, illustrates anew the prompt enteprise
of
Mr. Stanford, of Charing Cross—one of the most
exact and rapid of our publishing geographers. It
is engraved upon the ample scale of seven miles to
an inch, and pourtrays the various roads, &c., be-
tween Odessa, Nikolaieff, Perekop, Simferopol, and
Sebastopol. Like so many of its predecessors from
the same establishment, it has been compiled from
Russian maps in the possession of the Royal Geo-
graphical Society, aided by Admiralty charts and
other authentic documents. So that the infor-
mation canveyed through its medium may
be relied upon with considerable, if not
implicit confidence. Within the space, which
would otherwise have been mere eyesore, left only
a vacuity representing the waters of the Euxine,
have been inserted two smaller engraving, one be-
ing a plan of Odessa, and the other one of Niko-
laieff. Odessa girdled—inland by its boulevards,
and seawards by the quays, extending from the
northern to the southern ports, otherwise known
as the Imperial and Quarantine. Nikolaieff is
almost undulated by the circumambient waters of
the Boug and the Ingal. A glance at this map
traverses the 190 miles from Odessa to Sebastopol,
or the 230 from the latter place to Nikolaieff—dis-
tances embracing the limits of the chief among our
present warlike operations.

COURT CIRCULAR.

WINDSOR, OCT. 31.

His Excellency the French Ambassador and Countess
de Persigny, the Earl and Countess of Clarendon, and
Lord Panmure have arrived on a visit to ber Majesty.
The Royal dinner party yesterday included the
Duchess of Kent, the Duchess of Cambridge, the Prin-
cess Mary of Cambridge, the Duke of Cambridge, bis
Excellency the French Ambassador and Countess de
Persigny, the Earl and Countess of Clarendon, Lady
Augusta Bruce, Baroness de Speth, Lord Panmure,
Colonel the Hon. C. B. Phipps, Sir George Cooper,
Colonel Tyrwbitt and Major Purves.
The band of the 2d Life Guards played during the
dinner. Her Majesty's private band afterwards per-
formed in the ca•tle.

The Duchess of Cambridge visited the Duchess of
Kent at Frogmore to-day.

Despatches from the Governors of the West India
Colonies were received yesterday at the Colonial-office.

The Earl and Lady Constance Grosvenor have arrived
in London from Paris.

The Rev. Robert Seppings Beloe has been instituted
to the rectory of Holton, in Suffolk, on the presentation
of her Majesty the Queen.
The Duke of Rutiand is still in a very weak state of
he-dth. He returned to town on Tuesday, where he will
continue a few day., and then proceed to Hastings for
the improvement of his health.
The Earl St. Germans and family have arrived at No.
8, Eastern-terrace, Brighton, for the winter. This elegant
mansion has ju-t been vacated by Baron de Cetto, the
Bavarian Minister, who has returned to town.
The Duchess of Sutherlan I, accompanied by Lord and
Lady Blantyre, returns from Paris at the close of the
nre,ent week. After a brief stay at Stafford House, the
Duchess will go to Trentham for the winter.
Ihe Right Hon. Sir Charles Wood !eft his official
residence at the Admiralty yesterday, accompanied by
Ludy Maly Wood, for Htekle'on-hall, Yorkshire.
Lord and Lady Ashburton returned to town last week
from the noble lord's shooting quarters in the High.-
lard 3. _ _ _

Lord Raglan arrived in town a few days back from
Hanover. The noble lord has resigned his appointment,
we understand, at the Court of the King of Hanover.
Lieut.• General Sir de Licy Evans, M.P., is staying
at the Pavilion Hotel, Folkestone ; the gallant general's
health appears much improved sincehis return from the
seat of war.

The Earl and Countess Grey have a select party
visiting at Howick Hall, near Alnaick. The noble earl
and countess purpose remaining at Howick until the
week before the re-assembling of Parliament.
Viscount Palmerston arrived in town yesterday
morning, from his seat, Broadlands, Hants.
Lord Crewe has arrived at the Clarendon, from Crewe
Hall, Cheshire.
It is s sid that the Baran von Koller, at present the
Austrian internuncio at Constantinople, is intended to
fill the past of Minister Plenipotentiary at Athens.
Very recently the widow and friends of the celebrated
Melloni, a man of science, opened a subscription for
raising a monument to him in the Campo Santo, The
Neapolitan Government has just prohibited this sub-
scription.
Letters from Milan announce the death of Count
Luigi Litta Modignani, a retired diplomatist, and be-
longing to one of the most illustrious families of
Lombardy.
MILITARY DEFENCES AT DUBLIN CASTLE.—Measures
have been taken recently to isolate the approaches to
the Castle, and make it more defensible in an engineer-
ing point of view.
Mr. Anderson, the "Wizard of the North," has taken
the Royal Opera House, Covent-garden, for six weeks
from Boxing-night. His magical entertainment and a
pantomime will constitute the evening's entertainment.
The new Mechanics' Institution at Manchester, which
t)is cost 22,0001., will be completed in Midsummer,
1850.

Madame Lind Goldechmidt (in reply to an applica-
tion addressed to her by Mrs. S. C. Hall) has expressed
an intention to visit London, for the special purpose of
giving a concert in aid of the proposed " Nightingale
Food." We cannot doubt that this noble offer will be
gratefully accepted by the committee, and that a very
general support will mark the public appreciation of it.
—Art Journal.
MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT.—As a custom-house officer,
at Flazebrouck (Nord), was about to leave his house, two
days back, to go on duty he examined the lock of his
carbine previously to staring. Thinking- it required a
new capsule, he was about to put one on, when the
hammer of the lock, by some accident, suddenly fell,
and the gun went off. Unfortunately his wife was
standing in the direction of the muzzle, and the bad
passing through her body she died in a few hours after.
FATAL ACCIDENT. - -A large nines of rock which had
become detached frora the mountain of La Cachole
(13 isses Alpes), fell, a few days back, into the road, near
the bridge of Rion, and killed a young man who hap-
pried to be p
DARING ESCAPE FROM PRISON.—A man named Le-
blond, detained in the gaol of Montreuil (Pas-de-Calais)
to await his trial for robbery, escaped in the night of
Friday by cutting a hole through the wall. The hole
opened into a corridor which led to the office of the ex-
amining magistrate, and Leblond entering the office had
the impudence to take away the papers that concerned
himself, as well as some articles of jewellery, which he
was accused of having stolen, and two passports.
POOR-LAW BOARD APPOINTMENTS.—We understand
that the Hon. E. P. Boueerie, president of the Poor-law
Board, has appointed Mr. R. B. Cane, one of the clerks
in the department, to be Poor-law Inspector, in the
room of Mr. Alfred .Austin, lately appointed secretary
to the Board of Works. Mr. Thomas Austin has been
appointed a senior clerk in Mr. Cane's stead, and the
vacancy caused by these promotions has been given to
Mr. R. Cecil Austin, private secretary to Mr. Hall,
Poor-law Inspector for the metropolitan district.
REPRESENTATION -O MEATH.—Mr. Henry Mere-
dyth, of Ranvilstown, a cousin of Sir Wm. Somerville,
has issued an address to the electoraspfpoerl\s farle the sweetth.ltisin
the usual phraseology of Whig appeals
voices of Parliamentary electoro. Mr. F. Brodigan, of
Piltown, barrister, is reported to be a candidate also in
the Whig interest, and something more, for he is a
Roman Catholic.
RUMOURED LEGAL CHANGES —There is no truth in
the statements put forward by some of the Dublin jour-
nals, to the effect that the Chief Baron retires, on the
ground of ill health, thereby leading to various changes
in other high legal quarters. The Chief Baron will pro-
bably take his seat upon the bench on Friday next, but
if not, on an early day in the term.
NEWSPAPERS FOR CANADA.—A Post-office notice, just
issued, states that in future the penny chargeable upon
newspapers for Canada sent in the closed mails via the
United States is to be paid on delivery of the papers, in-
stead of in advance, as at present. The payment to be
made in this country on a newspaper for Canada will,
therefore, be the same as on those for other British co-
lonies, viz., id., and thus the exceptional rate on news-
papers for Canada will be avoided. Newspapers for
Canada, prepaid id., will be sent via the United States,
unless specially addressed via Halifax.
LETTERS TO CANADA.—A. notice has been issued from
the Post-office, stating that the postage of a letter not
exceeding half an ounce in weight, addressed to Canada
and forwarded through the United States, is Bd. when
conveyed by British packet, and is. 2d. if sent by the
United States packet. Letters weighing more than half
an ounce will be charged proportionately. Unpaid let-
ters will he sent by a cheaper route, unless specially ad-
dressed "By Unite.] States." Prepaid letters will be
forwarded by the route indicated by the postage paid on
them.

several N Esv
cehliaAnNgeGs2si nINt
effect. Thu Lord Chancellor
To-morrow (Friday) Michaelmas Term commences, when
afterwards procee takeil I andes
THE LAW AND EQUITY COURTS.—
if
ot
oh ew law,sttu andwini
will
equity
receive
i:.i
r.thecourtsju s ti
eßeil \ i
judges,v
will take his sTeahte, r the first time, in tile Court of Com-
monarrears of the three' courts are trifling,
onlymn Pleas.
numbering
Exchange and Promissory Notes deal of business in the rules.
There is, however, a good
will enable bona fide
holders of such securimtieeenrttoinpraocrd in a summary way,
The new act on Bills of
withindg the lastelivix. months. The act
ens di oe
nr
eing
expense bdya
havea-;d tloiecoobrntaeindujeu
yaspolneabiifllhse
bringswhich
" may," and not
is, ,
inn not compulsory
and
s h al
i;
ptlrioeceexepdrou
By
willa n
takeact ofpl
athhee. latec
the same. Of course a
creditor cannot complain of
e Certain Pension
mattersso m some
his action in the old form. In the equitycourts there
relating to trust funds, &c., which hitherto were practical
srapeletireitayi oi
improvements
p ro business.vem e h
ts
made to
the court by petition, can now be heard at chambers.
With the view of expediting proceedings in Chancery
additional junior clerks are to be appointed,
and the
chief clerks, eight in number, who already have 1,2001.
a year, are to have their salaries increased by an order
of the Lord Chancellor.
THE "AMERICAN" DOE."—At the Hippodrome of
Paris, a runner, named Jackson, rurnamed "the Ame-
rican Doe," is at present engaged, who runs a league
and a half (French) in 20 minutes—near upon four miles.
Re challenges any man to run with him for a wager.

be obtained, all who know the Greek character, or
wan 'c of-character, cannot for a moment doubt.
While intelligence is hourly looked for from
Odessa, Kiubourn, and the waters nearer Nico-
iaieff, while the daily artillery practice across the
harbour of Sebastopol " drags its slow length
a
while Ripatoria has been so reinforced
`that Gortschakoff trembles, as his despatches
I prove, for his flank and rear ; there is little for
any of us here to criticise but paragraphs in
' " General Orders," about huts, and warm cloth-
ing, and stables, and sick leave, and to wonder
whether on the Tchernaya Sir Colin Campbell
can by hook or by crook manage to catch the Rus-
sians napping, ere the British cavalry be withdrawn
—as they soon will be—to Scutari for the winter.
I believe I have not yet mentioned that on Satur-
day, the 13th of October inst., an order was given
to 'the Highland Division at Kamara to be ready
at :a moment's notice to embark for Eupatoria, but
during the present week that order has been coun-
termanded. Even yet, however, the Highlanders
may be started off for that place, which would not
please them altogether, as they have just been
engaged in getting up huts, clearing the ground,
and making all snug for the approaching cold
weather. .A.ll the Highland Hospital in front of
Sebastopol has been broken up, and Dr. Linton
gone to to ke charge at the General Hospital at
Scutari, ar id it is rumoured he may succeed Dr.
Owning a! ; Inspector-General.
This niight week a great blase was observed from
the heights of Balaklava, as of a town on. fire,
illuminating the sky towards Bakshi-Serai. and
Simphero pol, and constant flashings were seen as
of explo 'ions ; it is thought one of those places
may haNl3 been accidentally fired. Some sanguine
persons calculate the Muscovites are really about
to retre; Lt beyond Perekop.
At the time of posting this, we can hear no firing
from Sebastopol on the north side. No one, either
French or English, can now enter the place with-
out a written order from head quarter, and there
is yet considerable danger in passing along the
streets of the "august city."

KAZATCH HARBOUR, Oct. 20, Afternoon.
P.S.—I send you a mere line or two to state
the news circulated here, and only just before the
mail leaves, by some officers of French men of
war, arrived an hour ago in port from Eupatoria
and " eliiewhere." The combined fleet have sent
part of their force—drawing little water—into
the Boug or Nicolaieff river, and blown up oue
fort, the astonished Russians destroying another
thainselves, and losing about 1,600 prisoners.
The se officers add that about 700 of the allies
are hors de combat, and that Admiral Lyons has
put up his helm for another exploit. Early
yesterday morning (Friday) cavalry, infantry, and
artillery—says a letter this instant received—again
mov.?.d upon the Tchernaya, where the Russians
have certainly received orders to attack imme-
diate ly. Another officer tells me, troops are to-day
moving rapidly from all points of the allied camp
upon. the Tchernaya, and I have myself received a
note, urging me to "mount in hot haste " and to
rend(!zvous at Kamara. I am therefore off, re-
turning to Kazatch Bay to join, or not to join, a
man-of-war steamer, according to promised intel-
ligence, which must put me on the right scent
either for a military or naval action.

NOTICE TO MARINERS. -It would be well for ship-
owners to direct their masters on visiting Kamiesch
to make their numbers by Marryat a mile outside
before they enter this crowded port. Once in, it
is difficult to sea signals.

THE CAPTURE OF KINBURN.
PREPARATIONS FOR THE ATTACK.
(From the Times Correspondent.)

MONDAY, Oct. 15.

Last night the Valorous, Captain Buckle, with Rear-
Admiral Sir H. Stewart on board, and several French
and English, forced the passage between Oczakoff and
Kinburn Spit., and got into Cherson or Dnieper Bay.
I could only see five gun-boats, three French and two
English, this morning, but I was assured the Valoro as
was in also.

The troops were landed without the smallest opposi-
tion, or even the appearance of an enemy, about four
miles below the fort, the 17th Regim,snt being the first
to land, and the French being for a wonder behind us.
The mortar and gun-boats bombard6d the forts for three
hours, but did not produce any apparent impression.
The weather was fine, and the troops set t 3 work en-
trenching themselves on the sandy spit ; only a few Cos-
sacks were -visible towards Cho) son. The wind rose and
sent a surf on the beach towards evening and suspended
operations. _ _ _

TUESDAY, Oct. 16

This morning a few French troopers, who were out
patrolling in front of our lines on the plain towards Cher-
son, came upon a Cossack picket, hid in some brush-
wood charged them at once with great gallantry and
killed two and took two prisoners out of the party, which
e )nsisisted of 8 men, and since the occurrence the Cos-
sacks are not visible in front. The breeze is still strong
on the land. It was too windy to open fire from
bombs or gun-boats, and we had scarcely a shot
fired on either side till late in the afternoon, when
a steamer, with an Admiral's flag at the mizen,
and supposed to be the Valorous, with Sir Edmund
Lyons or Sir Houston Stewart on board, seemed to leave
the fleet, and to force the passage, amid a good deal of
firing, but we are so far to the southward, and the day
was so hazy, that it was impossible to make out what
took place. The steamer now apparently lies very
near the fort, and there is a French steamer
of great size close to her. These steamers, aided by
two or three of the gun-boats, began a fire at p.m.,
which continued till 3.35 p.m., at the rate of a couple
of guns in the minute, and which was returned by the
Russians, but no apparent effect was produced by either
side, and the Russian shells, as usual, burst high in the
air long ere their flight was completed.

green lights in the same direct ion, as guides for the fleet
on passing through during the night. The vessel at A.
(Valorous) to show lights vertical over the side, screened
from N.W. round by E. to S., and seen to the W,
only. The four gunboats, Clinker, Cracker, Grinder,
and Fatoy, accompanied by four French gun-boats of
shallow draught of water, will proceed, after the former
vessele have anchored to the rendezvous, at 8 p.m.,
near the Valorcus anchored at A. The four English
gun-boats to be provided with buoys (white). The ves-
sel at No. 2 A to provide two boats that are to be
despatched and anchored upon the S.W. extremity of
Oczakoff Bank, in four fathoms, to be a guide by show-
ing lights for the French gun-boats, to cr mmence buoy-
ing the edge of that bank with black buoys. The two
boats on their return to Val,rous to place a white buoy
on end of Kinburn Spit, in five fathoms water.
The Spitfire, assisted by the boats of the Dauntless,
at B, will mark the edge of the bank—ere landing—
west of Kinburn, with small white flags placed m five
fathoms.

N.B. All white buoys are to lie on the south side of
the channel, and black buoys nark the north edge of it,
and are consequently to be left on the port hand in pass-
ing to eastward."

OPENING OF THE FIRE.
WEDNESDAY, OCT. 17, 5 P.M.
KiAburn has fallen after a short but most desperate
defence on the part of its Governor, and Saranovitch
will no doubt be esteemed by true Muscovites as
a worthy successor and rival of Rostropchin. The
resistance of the fort was hopeless. I have just
seen the garrison march out with some of the honours
of war, their church plate, pictures, and religious
relics, the officeis with their swords, the men with
their belts and provisions ; but it is forbidden to
enter the precincts of the shattered fortress, which is
still covered with a canopy of black smoke, as the Go-
vernor land a few desperate men are grimly watching
till the troops come into fire the mine and involve all in
a common ruin. He has not surrendered, but he ha'
been abandoned by his garrison, who did not desire
the honours of such martyrdom as a few hours' further
resistance would have certainly insured.

Early this morning the Russians perceived that
the French had crept up during the night to the
ruined village, and were busily engaged in making
their first parallel, under cover of the houses,
at about 700 or 650 yards from the place, where-
upon they opened a brisk fire upon them from the
guns en barbette on the eastern curtain ; and were
answered by two French field-pieces from the screen
of a broken wall. It was a dull gray dawn, with a
wind off the shore, and the sea -was quite calm. The
fleet was perfectly still, .but the mortar vessels, float-
ing batteries, and gun-boats were getting up steam,
and ere nine o'clock they were seen leaving the rest of
the a rmada and taking up their position on the south
side of the fort ; the three floating batteries being
close in with the casemates, and the mortar vessels
and gun-boats being further away and more to the east-
ward, so as to attack the angle of the fort, and fight the
guns which were on the curtains ea barbette. The float-
ing-batteries opened with a magnificent crash, at 9.30
a in., and one in particular distinguished itself through-
out for the regularity, precision, and weight of its fire
throughout the day. The enemy replied with alacrity,
and the batteries must have been put to a severe test, for
the water was splashed in pillars by shot all over them
At 10.10 the bombs opened fire, At 11 10 a fire broke
out in the long barrack, and speedily spread from end to
end of the fort, driving the artillerymen from their guns
while small explosions of supply ammunition took place
inside.

At 11.15 the Russian Jack was shot away, and
was not replaced ; the firing became tremendous.
Admiral Stewart, in the Valorous, and the French
Admiral (second in command), in the A-.modee, fol-
lowed by eleven steamers, came round the Solt Battery
into Cherson Bay, delivering broadside and engaging
the batteries as they passed, and they were preceded
by the Hannibal, which ripped up Kinhurn with her
broadsides. The fire raged more furiously, fed by con-
stant bombs and rockets, and at 12.35 a fresh fire burst
out in the fort. At the same time the Valorous, Asmo-
dee, and steam frigates opened broadsides on the fort,
and the nine line-of-battle ships come in magnificent
style, and take up their position at the seaward face of
the fort, already seriously damaged by the tremendous
fire of the floating batteries, gun-boats, and mortar-
vessels. The storm of shot from thi3 great ordnance
is appalling. The very earth seems flying into dust,
and the fiery embers of the fort are thrown into columns
of sparks by the shot. Still the Russians stand to the
only guns they have left. The broadsides increase in
vigour, and attlast a white flag is waved by a single man
from the rampart. Boats with flags of truce push off, and
they learn that the garrison is wiling to surrender. At
2 p.m. the firing ceases, and 1,100 men march into our
lines, several of them quite drunk, carrying off food and
drink, and the officers hearing their side arms. The
garrison consisted of the 29th Regiment, and of 100
Artillerymen. 200 are said to be killed, and 400 or 500
wounded ; but admittance to the town is denied by the
French, as it is said the Governor is in the powder ma-
gazine inflamed to madness, and watchi..g the chance of
the victors entering to fire the mine, which is well slored
with powder. We shall know more to-morrow. Oczakoff
is deserted, but the fort is not destroyed. The gun-boats
are well advanced towards the mouth of the Bong, and
are now engaged sounding under fire from the shore.
There was a reconnaissance this morning, but we saw
nothing of the enemy.