The Sun.
London, England, 1855-12-07 00:00:00

RAILWAY AMALGAMATION.

(From the Times City Article.)

The following letter contains a sug4estion the sound.
ness of which will be intuitively and universally recog-
nised. It is one, however, the benefits of which would
be for the community at large, who rarely contrive to
accomplish anything, while its opponents would com-
prise certain sections of society who, stimulated by per-
sonal motives, are always able to obstruct everything.
Ile principle of competition in railway affairs having
been avowedly abandoned as a mistake, an amalgama-
tion of all the lines is the obvious alternative. In its
absence. the way system presents neither the advan-
tages to be derived from the stimulus of rivalry nor
those which on the continent are found to result from
the order and economy of Government centralisation ;
and so deplorable and ruinous is the consequent inco-
herence that in many intelligent minds it hai been suf-
ficient to overcome the salutary repugnance to State
guidEnce. That such guidance in its immediate results
would have been far better than what haat e to witnessed

few will deny. But after a generation of dearly•bouht
experience we should come to something better, arid the
true. end will the❑ be accomplished by our own energies
in a far more Fatistactory way. Among the certainties
of the future, railway anialgawation is. perhaps, one of
the stroii4,3st. IL was the stogie grain that gave vitali'y
to the Ilu,lsnn mania, aid, aitbou4h broken and per•
verted by h's igrnr;inee a .d cupidity, it was not killed.
Ail that is to be feared is that the amount of ruin neces-
sary to stir the public to united action has not jet on-
Burred, and that, consequently, no individuals who
nygbt at pr,ent take up the q -e ,tion vtould meet with
the ext,A of -upport requi,it to enable them to face
the combined and unexampled ho tility it would at once
awaken :

" Sir,--The question of how it happens that our railways
are not "payino- speculations has been widely asked, and
various have bt:)en the attempted replies. Of late this in-
terrogatory has become a drily cry, but still it has remained
unsatisfactorily answere,'. Every one admits that there
must be something wrong, every one deplores the ill-suc-
cess of what our judgment tells us ought to be productive
of the grca..3est prosperity to all concerned ; but as yet no
one has prodosed au efficient remedy.
"On directing attention to the vat ions lines which now
ramify into almost every corner of the kingdom we observe
that., with very few exceptions, they are in a state of com-
mercial decline, and that even among those which should
occupy the best position, jealousies and heartburnings are,
at work which must, sooner or later, tell upon their for-
tunes, and drive one or more to destruction ; and that this
is not an exaggerated picture the fate of some of them, no
long time since, may be taken as evidence.
and regret at the
" But our feelings of astonishiner
countryfailu r e o
become
thesee co e our o
abroad.wa
of these iron roads ;
We led the way to the construction
it was our capita'. which
andour
inm engineersost, , lf.) encoatnii
io,
allth instances,e
gdereeaptenceodmwmheernciawl oencaesrtprojuserseyines
rs of continental States,
existence ; and yet, while
they aro almost all of them initfloourishing, or, at least satis-
factorylines prove to
brought these foreign lines.
t.
the ft a is lc
in st r . cto
condition,
us that from 100,000,0301 .toslosfo,o7or,oooowln. sterling have
"
been to a certain extent sacrificed through misapprehension
at the outset or nnsinanagement
One
~ And what is the remedy ?their course.
Whatduring
means should be
adopted to retr:ove the past
word will express it—a word
an(, give a blighter future to
our railway
of prospects
? which was conveyed in many an ancient
fable, and which has been of infinite service to mankind
in
old and modern times.
fica
tio
th,e That i word is ' union.' Bring all the lines of the United
Kingdom under ono management, create one railway stock,
we may regain much that Las been so
aid may at length arrive at the
heedlesslyand, this
effected,
squandered,
result we had long ago reason to aspire to, after an ex.pen•
dituro of some 300,000,003/. to 400,000,0001. sterling,
I am, &c.,
" F. F."
.........__

SIR COLIN CAMPBELL'S 'VISIT TO
GLASGOW.

The following letter from the gallant Sir Colin Camp-
bell was read by the Lord Provost of Glasgow, on Tues-
day, at the meeting of the Clyde Ti ust :—" Eton, Dec.
2,1855.—1 n answer to your communication of Nov. 30,
I beg through you to express to the Lord Provost,
aeep
Magistrates, and Town Council of Glasgow thFd
sense of gratitude I entertain towards them f?!. theou
have
dis-
tinguished honour they have proposed conferring on me
and for the very flattering terms in
made that proposal. At the same
short stay in
the regret I feel at being unable, during
at the hands
England, to visit the North, and tou timweinh:ycir must state
, oblige me by informing
of the citizens of Glasgow an
.hioncoh
lir
most highly esteem. You 7,', receive
I shall ever
e and Council that I am
very the Loris Provost, AlogisteraEDigiand again for the Cri-
mea, shortly about to leatvime
will be necessarily occupied
mea, and that my whole h my depatture. But that,
permitted- to return once more to this corm-
should I be
consider it my first duty, as it will be my
try, I shall
re,
to hasten down to Glasgow, and to
on business connect-d wit
greatest p
with and gratitude the honour of which its
receiveciti
good as to deem me worthy.--I have the
to be, Sir, your most obedient servant,
honour
C. CAMPBELL, Major-General."
zens are so .

There Lad been no material alteration in the rates of
exchange in Paris on Wednesday, the quotation being
still maintained, owing to continued purchases by
Messrs. Rothschild of all the short bills on London, for
the purpose of remitting them against Australian gold.c
All the letters allude to the heavy rates of interest pal
by the speculators during the monthly settlement just
next
concluded for carrying over their purchases toashto the
account, and at the same time exp Tess.
fears
the political
serious reaction to be apprehended
ed.
reports in circulation should prove unfounded.

TELE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING DECEMBER 7, 185 5.
He 0
Om
jum Ei ASSIZE
ssiconlßoef
guil
iNo
T 1 T.
delivery
K. L
il:Ti:
wasrEo :CE Dec..
opened
.
,
,
s, of the many perils it has undergone. The policythus - ORIGIN OP TONTINES. II
Naval and Military Intelligence. THE BIBLE BURNING CASE. y: Country Markets.
Spirit of' the Public Journals.
referred to by Victor Emmanuel at the Mansion- • --s—
o•
House may not suit the ideas of certain Liberals In the time of the Third William, not as is gene- I
6h.ere to- .....„,,....--
The steam-transports Adelaide, Captain Young • Iler- Duemer, Dec. 5.-The Commission of Oyer and Ter-
miner was opened to-day by the Right Hon. Mr. Justice doe There
(Prom the Times of this day.) about " non-intervention," which we know is a rally supposed, the inventor of our institution of binger, Captain Benson ; and the Calcutta, daptainDEßßY SMITHFIELD.-Dec. 4.
There are only 10 risoner f
The currency philosophers met on principal article of their political faith. But there national debt, but the originator of . , .
invalids ,
the habit of Blackmore, arrived at Spithead yesterday from the East, Crampton, and the Right Hon. Mr. Baron Greene, with
case's are of a serious char
acter. sor trial, but all the The market was well supplied with fat boasts, with a
their usualWed.nesday . .
evening, and conducted themselves with
Vladimir Petcherine, 'Redem torist, . peered in the
i tics Crompton having delivered a brief charge, the busi- full attendance of buyers ; prices about the same. There
audacity of argument and modesty of demand. the false. If you will never intervene in foreign paying it, or its interest, regularly-for King 4 be- I with
Cave, R.N. ; gLie tenant Od.evaine,
Assist-
calendar for trial on the chaPrge of Bible burning at The grand jury were called and sworn, and Mr. Jus- was a good average show of sheep, which were well add.
fore him had borrowed money often enough with- ' CommanderLetenant Goren, of thel9thuße • gtment , Staff ssis Fat pigs not so numerous as on some past markets. Fat
Often as we have challenged the most courageous
affairs to save your outraged, oppressed, and ag-
ness of the county was proceeded with. calves more plentiful.
latter burdensome ceremony-there lived a out theant-Surgeon Stewart ; Mr. Churcher, naval medical Kingstown, a good deal of interest was felt by the pub-
' of the school for a specific plan we have never been
Th• k_ grieved neighbours, you cannot expect that they
lie in the proceedings, and the Court-house in Green- Thomas Co and 31, formerly a private in the Royal The following were the quotations :-Beef, 6d to 6d ;
obliged in that most impotent,
Particular. in
will stir on your behalf. If, on this principle, none Neapolitan, Lorenzo Tonti by name, who devised 1 _ __ _
store-keeper ; Lieutenant Sykes, H.E.I.C.S. ; the Rev.
Horse Guards Blue, was indicted for having feloniously mutton, 6i,1 to 7d ; lamb, Od to Od ; veal, Id to 70 per
mci_ ht catch them at a seamen and marines, 7,000 street was densely crowded from an early hour in the ing it just possible that we
•Ith some curiosity the
ever move till each is in turn assailed, each may in a scheme of raising money on a system whereby the
;32 pound shot, and .other stores. She spoke on the morning, cast upon one Mary Jackson a quantity of oil of vitriol_ lb. ; pigs, lOs Od to lOs 6d per score ; rough fat, 6s 94 to is
* felicitous moment, we read with
turn be overcome ; and here is an end of those Government should obtain the advantage of the ex- 18th ult. the barque Enmore, in the Cervi Channel ;
L. M. Hogg ; 9 invalided
The Grand Juries having been sworn,
Justice Crampton addressed the County Grand .
with intent to do her grievous bodily harm, ' per 141 b. ; hides, 4d to 4ed per lb ; calf-skins, 3tel te 53
The prisoner was also charged with the same offence per lb.
• report of their meeting at the London Tavern, and
immortal leagues against the oppressor which have i., i.: the debt at distant „ , limited „ „
unction of
-----__
resolution. Once
blic asin relation to another female named Elizabeth Hawkins
EDINBURGH d-RAIN.-Dee. 5
carefully sifted each successivedisappointed..
to be In the saved
.civilisati.on from
. destruction.. In
. pu ,
duration of human life, whilst the lenders should the 20th, in lat. 36 N., long. 13.55 E.,
_ the screw- Jui‘rlyr.onEtobreemabanovaensdubGjeencttlienmtehneoffoltlhoewiGn
Knight.
more were we doomed
on
ft the 26th, in 1 t 37 27 N l 238
steamer Azo ;on la t. . N. ong. . gratnerdmJs u: -ry of
The market was well supplied to-day. Sales were rather
Mr. Lilley conducted the prosecution. The prisoner ,
first resolution the mountain laboured, as usual, in private, life -in national, as in personal,
affairs, selfishness may nullify a good rule ; receive an annuity onmore advantageous terms than E the Herefordshire ;dd the 27th, in lat. 37.23, long, the County of . Dublin,-The calendar of county of- beevy, and all soits of grain had a downward tendency,
~
•
with a thundering denunciation of " the existing
• t of numbe was defended by Mr. Sumner. Particularly wheat.
and in both alike a large and generous appli- could be granted on any other basis. Of this finaa- 0.35 W., the Islay, of Dundee ; and, at the same time, fences is small in point r, and, and, with one
The learned counsel for the rosecution, in opening
• laws in relation to currency," to which it ascribed
the ship Delaware; on the 28th, off Cape de Gatt the exception, does not appear to show any case of an un- Wheat, top, 8s dawn, and en.dthe average 2s 9d down.
cial operation, which took its name from its pro- ' the case to the jury, described ipt, as .ne of an eXtraordi- Barley, fluctuations, panics and pressures, destruction and cation is needed to give its maxims vitality.
steam-tug Dragon ;on the 29th, in the Straits of Gib- usual or extraordinary. character. There is, however,is • d up-average, 6 down. Oats on the to
nary and unusual aracter, and the follo wing evidence ls 47'd:1—average, 8,1 clown. Beans on the top is
jector, it has been said that " Tontines seem adapted
ruin, From this point the bathos began very early When the intervention of others becomes so law-
rittr, the Phoebus, of Newport • and on the same day, one case appearing on the face of the calendar on which
- indeed, fort he next resolution was content with less and destructive that civilisation and liberty to the passions of human nature, from the hope waters, the bar ue 'Jura of Brist I. The I feel it my duty to make to you some preliminary oh- was then gone into :- down-the average, 4s 103 down.
recommending that people should be permitted to will everywhere perish, if it be not hindered, then every man entertains of longevity, and the desire Adelaide esamsaeiled in August last,q
on herssecond o on servations-I allude to the case of a bill which will be
. .voyage Miss Mary Jackson, an interesting-looking young AVERAGES PER IMPERIAL QUARTER.
buy and sell gold-a process which is gone through, not to hinder it is not "non-intervention," but at
once the countenance of intervention and its im- the East,since sent before you, charging individuals• h
of ease and affluence in old age, and they are bane- the transport service in and that date
Thursday, the 29th Nov., I was walking with my sister , Do. now £3 18 8• 5-12ths.
0 0 0 0-12ths.
not only when a schoolboy takes an old watchcase
punity. It is much for certain great Powers to ficial to the public as affording a discharge of the has been eight voyages across the Black Sea carrying transaction of a very painful, profane, and, I might aci,l,
in Coombe-lane, near the church. I saw the prisoner, Barleys
to the goldsmith, but at every pecuniary transac-
abstain from meddling with or coercing the affairs debt, though a distant one, without any payment." 3,500 officers and men of the Turkish Contingent, 80e blasphemous character. The case to which I allude is a
who appeared to be loitering about, ju,t as we got on , 013,31atna
the path leading to the church, and immediately after 1 11 7 5-12th.
tion where the figure is as much as a sovereign.
of others ; but they should enforce all around them A Tontine is aim I a loan raised upon life an- of the Land TraosPort Corps, towing three ships to case in which certain individuals are charged with ee.
2 8 1 11-12ths.
Everybody who buys a ticket for Jenny Lind's per-
the like just and equal abstinence at every serious
unities with this IrOYvision, that in consideration
'contributedP by 'a
certain number Kertch, besides conveying horses and troops from vising and intending to bring the Holy Scriptures of
1 England on outward passage. The Harbinger brought God-in the authorised version, as it is called-into wards he followed us. When we had got nearly to the ---
EDINBURGH MEAL MARKET-DEC. 4.
formance next week at Exeter-hall uses gold " in
---
and grand conjunction. Otherwise they are the off a certains
tillery ; Captain Champion, hatred and contempt among the people of this kingdom, end
l ct)la etreerth he:reo,c.loshe. behind me and my -ister,
There were ih the market to-day 16 Racks oatmeal, each
its natural character as a commodity," and ascer-
dupes of their own logic which consigns the intro- , sum
overaent •ant a life annuity to
the subscribers-the annuity, as the annuitants di© ditto; Capt. Gillum, off the Ist Royal Regiment ; pay. and in pursuance of that intention profanely and bl,aspbe-
f 1 timid• la''"in
bins, in ids appearance that male me
weighing 280 lbs imperial which sold at 50s.
• tains "its value under the ordinary laws of supply
.cent to ruin, and securespredominance to those who off, to be divided among the survivors, until at last he 48th Reeiment • Assistant- mously, an the presence of divers ot her Majesty s sub-
master MiMupens, o t . . , . . .
Captain Fisher, Royal Ar
to the t- destructionof
with a view u ser a Bible-a fuel , observed him, an he then turned away and
ionteh,erl
ploaorktsedofatmmyy
clothing were
appeared to be looking over a fence into a field. I walked
EDINBURGH HAY AND STRAW MARKET--
and demand." In effect, he puts so much gold in
contravene the axioms on which " good easy men " Surgeon Erskine, of the 4th Regiment ; Assistant-Sur- jests,
geonseSinclair, of the 93d Regiment ; Mrs. Wheatstone printed copy of a Bible in the English language, and in
my sister . then went into St. . .
on, and in consequence of something my sistie said to , DEC' 4.
one scale and Jenny Lind's
itchesvoice in the other ;
pretend to frame their policy. The King of Sar- it becomes centred in the one survivor of the whole,
ne,
nurse . , 13 soldiers (servants), and 3 sailors The Harbin
and, though his palm still for the one,
(finites notions on this head are rather more and. at his death ceases entirely. The debt is then . the authorised version-cast, and procured it to be cast
a saw
t atetd my
red, . shawl
Io' to 13s 3 ' k lof
Oat straw, from lOs a a per emp e l6 stones
there examined my clothes more attentively, and die-
-Ikl the 10 h * with dth intoth fi h reb th t o ass
tron; wheat do., es 03 to 8s 6d; barley do., 5s Od to 7s.
he determines to have his ear tickled by the other.
sound. extinct. With respect to the nation, the advantage ger left Ba a ava on t of November 55 an roam e re, w e y acpy w .
Peter's school and I
, die-
6d. Hay from 10(1 to 15d.
is obvious, provided an exorbitant rate of interest muleteers and drivers for Malta and Gibraltar, 15 ser- burned and destroyed. Gentlemen of the jury, there The second resolution, then, was small enough ;
If men had been asked, however, what Sovereign not• t tempt individuals to accept thisand
1
........•••••••
but the third and last was, if possible, smaller. It be required
.o
covered that my dress, my underclothing, and my stock-
in Continental Europe had a good right to countof security, and we are inclined to thinkßay and ring
DALKEITH IfEeeL MARKET-DEC. 3
. was, indeed, the ridicaus mus of the fable. It
ings, were all burned, apparently by some fluid. I
Qtr a hearty welcome from this country, the igno- speciestt nsiderin the direct ersonal advantage 2 officers for Therapia Hospital, His Grace the Duke of charged are guilty of a serious offence. That the Chris -
1 Oatmeal, per sack of 2801bs First. Second.: Third.
was, "that such national paper money might be
ha. , co
n gul nt would d - Newcastle for Constantieople, arrived on the 13th and tian religion is part of the law of England, and therefore d
an
and my sister returned home a few minutes after this,
imperial
rant would have placed the Piedmontese Monarch w ich every a
.n i a wou expect, an. many
I
on our way I met my father and mother, and I ob-
issued under conditions calculated. to remedy the
amon the last •• but the well-informed the
g, among would receive, in•the shape of a constantly increas- left again on the 14th, arriving at Malta on thb 18th and of Ireland, is a well-known principle. The doctrine is
Barleymeal, per ditto - 0
served the prisoner still walking on the path leadin sto p
objections usually urged against paper money, and
leaving on the 19th, and arriving at Gibraltar on the established by numerous cases and authorities from the e easemeal, per ditto
, very foremost. In fact, it is not his recent policy in income during his whole life, much money
the church. I went up to him and asked him if
that the matter might be referred to a committee.
alone which would have given Victor Emmanuel a g
be raised,only cheaply in the cl"-
might not as as - 27th, leaving on the same day. The Harbinger met with earliest period to the present time. I shall refer to two
th wh had followed
e man ome and my sister a few Pot-barley, per &Ltd'
Bat why refer to a committee when so many great
extremely heavy gales between Malta and England from only of those authorities- one an early case, and the
to our sympathies.
at
claim . He comes of a race that nary system of contracting loans, but actually at a the S.E. and N.E. The General Screw Steam-Shiing other a late one. The early case is that of the "King v, minutes before, and he said he was. I then said to
• minds were assembled on the spot . 9 why not,
y long excited interest here, and that has left among lower rate of interest for terminable annuities than Can 's sin Calcutta was at Gibraltar,to leave - Wolsden "in 2d Stranee'e re orts The defendant there him, " Why did you throw that stuff over my •dress ?'' --
BOSTON-Dze. 5.
least, give us some idea of " the conditions calcu-
us the vestiges of ancient amity. Be saw, as lie for interminable. The Chancellor of the Exchequer thoem27thythe Peninsular•
; and and Oriental Company's had been convicted on an information for blasphemous
He made no answer. • My father came up at this mo-
p To-day the supplies of wheat from the growers was :iso-
lated to remedy the objections ?" That's the very
assed towards the City, the Savoy. It is nothing has not much chance of getting money at less ship Manilla was to leave on the same day. The Cal. discourses on the miracles of our Saviour ; and he at ment, and I told him in the prisoner's hearing that the 1 derat Good dry samples met with purchasers at prices
point we are all sticking at. We have been asking
in appearance,; but it must have yielded not a few
than 31 per cent. on a perpetual annuity, cotta brought Major Singleton, Royal Artillery, in tempted then to move in arrest of judgment ; and the prisoner had heed following me and nay sister, and that 1 a trifle under those realised last week, whilst inferior qua-
for these conditions many a long year, and could
i,B
interesting memories to our Royal visitor. The and we shall now proceed to consider why those charge of invalids ; Capt. the Hon. W. L. Talbot, of the Court of Queen's Bench in Eugland, referring to several he had thrown vitriol over my dress. My mother asked Mies, were difficult to quit at a decline of 2s to as per qr.
never get a sight of them. From Mr. Benirc t
name remains, and it remains from its origin. To who have money to invest mightpossibly andpro- 9th Regiment • Capt. Wilkinson, of the 9th ; Lieut. the cases which bad been decided, declared that they would him what he had to say, and he ran away, and an alarm Oats the same as last week. Barley, beans, and peas a
speech we cannot gather whether he would simply
Earl Peter of Savoy, by our Henry the Third, was fi bl b induced• T • t 3 HOn.
ta y e to advance it on
ina Tontine a T. Q. ‘ll. Plunkett, of the Ist Royals ; Lieut. not sufler it to be debated " whether to write against was given, and he was shortly afterwards taken into slow sale, at drooping prices.
authorise the Bank to increase its circulation up . .
custody. A portion of the liquid fell upon my ',soots and Prices :-Wheat, red, 63a Od to 81a Od ; white, Els Od to
the 79th ; Lieut. Cross, of the 46th ; Lieut, Christianity in general was not an offence punishable in
this spot, '•
ofpalace Which, •
given, in
per cent To test this, we shall, the first in- 6wn I
to a certain amount, or remove all restriction upon
the temporal courts of common law"-they would not stockings, and my leg was burned by it. 83s Od extra, 85s Od, Barley, 35s Od to 42s Od. Oats
time, was very splendid; and here was confined a - *
• it, or even thrust on the country some immense, Bing/
of Francefor four King taken in stance, assume that the subscription to the Ton-
Morely, of the 3d ; Lieut. Jervois, of the 7th ; Assist- even suffer it to be debated. They desired, however, The clothes worn by the witness were produced, and 23s to 31s. Beans, 4lsOd to 56s Od. Peas, 44e Od to 54'
years, a
e •
or even indefinite paper currency, through some
battle b Edward,Black P • t
y our thennce, a fora certain provision for their children which • on the word "general"-that they did not intend to je„ Cross-examined-I had known the prisoner by sight
other organ than the Bank. Mr. Salt tantaliseslild d •67 • • , Mrs. Dickenson, 2c 1 ren an nurse , military in . .
NEWARK-DEo. 5.
Poictiers, in the year 1356.
for 6 t- but had •
shall become more ample as they grow older, and v elude disputes and differences between learned men on sme ime,never spoken to him before. He
us for one delicious moment with the promise of -
alids, 2 women, 1 child, 3 naval prisoners for trial, 2
A full attendance f farmers to-day with a good supply
Some of the traditions most characteristic of the
seemed to me to be idling about, but I did not observe •
particular points. A very rational distinction, no doubt,
that the lives put into the Tontine are those of a witnesses and 3 seamen.
ofall kinds. ° Wheat and b '1 1 h
of gram
for esta safe but inexhaustible riches. ' He was -
English soil are connected with this old site, which
and sound judgment, which has since been followed. The anything wild or strange in his appearance, blishing a legal tender hey. What was morethousand children in their first year, at 1,0001. The Hawke, 60, Capt. Ommanney, is ordered from
lting
This looks.ilk'
he was for regulating the issue. is.. . e is, nevertheless, so peculiarly " Sub-Alpine " that each. This, at so low a rate of interest at 3 per Portsmouth to Falmouth to winter; and the Hastings, late case to which I refer is the case of the " King v. Miss Emily Jackson, the sister of the last witness, said 40;laVtiole:lt.; whites 83os t05f37:31 81zsto2Vts.;
317417,8 n:
3 11225 t,
nothing in his own realm could have more reminded
60, Capt. Fanshawe is ordered to Queenstown Wadsly," in Barnewall and Cresswell's reports. There -I was walking with my sister on the afternoon of the ~grandine36
tot 7 the desired union of valour and. discretion ;
Victor Emmanuel of the f li.
e early story o is race. would, of course,produce an immediate
cent. .
3") 31r8 ' oats
76 to 80 •'4Be
s to. s, beans, 5650 s; malt, s s, pans, the publication was one impugning the authenticity of 29th November, and I observed the prisoner loitering -
income of The Meander,4 ' C tB•11. lftS•le 'el
30/. in the year, as available for the e 4, Cap •al ie, e pit ea seater-to 508, tares, 50s to 56s per qr.
but we know not which of these qualities pre- ee
the dt t. h - •about in Coombe 1 The • followed •
Scriptures, an samg t at our Saviour Jesus Christ - lane, • prisonerus into
it we have never before welcomed a King of Sar- the child as if it were paid out of day afternoon for Plymouth. dominates in the rule which Mr. Salt proceeds support of ,
was an impostor, and that was held to be a libel ; and the lane, and walked close to us for some time, and he
dinia we have not been with - Consols. We shall employ the Northamp- The Urgent, naval steam-transport, Commander
to recommend. It was, "that paper money
' castors.
ton tables of
owe ,
Chief Justice Abbott, afterwards Lord Tenterden in an- was the only person near us. I observed that my sister's
SEABORNE MAILS.
should be issued till every honest labourer had
mortality, • and,
a small draught of the 17th Lancers for the East, from the jury,' dress burned dI f d f d h
rto a question stated that a work was, an a terwar s oun tat my own
future To all this we have adverted already. The •
the general principle more intelligible,-•
found full employment at remunerative prices."
••n t 1 n • shawl and dress w o injured.
The Calcutta, 84, Capt. J. J. StoPford, was towed speaking of Christianity I he a guage of the publica- s were also
opens a new and still better roe ectoico-o eration; making
d' P the sub'ect •th dt .1
Without overcrowding ing f_ j with . eai s,
tion was a libel, Christianity being part of the law of James Bannister, police-constable, 222 P, said-I was es.- signifies that the mans are sent from the Genera! Post office
Heavens, what a problem fora conscientious Chan-
and that • .11 be with S P I
co-operation will e wit a State whichMS shall take no account o the superior value
into Poi t3mouth harbour from Spithead yesterday morn-
. (the night—and Mby the morning-eespatch.)
the land. The other judges concurred with the Chief on duty on the afternoon in question on Park-hill Croy- 5
esllor of the Exchequer ! The honesty of every
al ways been advancing. Advance, in truth, is the of female life over male, which, however, is sen- ing. Commander Justice,Judge Best, afterwards the Chief Justice don, when I heardof " • " '
labourer, and every labourer's measure of full work
The Ueda, 6, paddle-sloop, APED, left and
.a cry Stop thief, and saw the Day whim ma..ii..,. proLu ,•,•,.a, way
most marked law of that country's history. From Bible, and would have to be considered in the carry- es Plymouth. of the Common Pleas in England, added "that the pub- prisoner running towards me. I stopped him, and the •
in General Pest-
financier
and good wages ! Imagine this unhappy
pithead yesterday morning for
COUNTRIEV. Port du. n
Qthe brave Counts of Savoy to powerful Kings of in g any such project out in practice seeing that Th GI bat was taken into dock at Ports- lication was a libel by the common law, and the Legis- father of the prosecutrix came up and gave him in charge Oft.co, London.* Dispatch,: Eni. lend
meeting deputations one day from 20,000 Manch es-
, e eaner, gun-boat, o
also ,
Sardinia, there has been a steady progress, and according to Mr. Finlayson's observations' the the Pincher and Jackdaw, lature never had altered that law, nor can it ever be „ for tha owing vitriol over ladies' dresses. The prisoner ------ --- - •
ter spinners on the " strike," another day from on. mouth yesterday, and.
krnerica(byltrit.packlN Every Friday .- • Liverpool Dec. 16
there does not now exist in this world any great progressive decrement of life among Brunswick, 90 the nominees The steam block-ship at Devonport,
is done,"said he, "while the Christian religion is consi-
said he had done it, but it was an accident. I asked him United Sts.
the Spitalfields weavers, another day from the
dynasty which unites such remote remembrances of in the Government Tontines and life annuities • ordered to be masted and fitted for commission. dared to be the basis of that law." We may thank God if he had got the bottle that contained the vitriol, and he "n
paeleiry........N
•••- Llverpoo, Dec. 10
HI .
Dorsetshire labourers, another day from the
spirit,stock-
vigour,andstrength,with actual condi-
an Great Britain three women reach the aee of seventy- built slips N 2 that no legislature has ever interfered up to this time The gun-boats now being on Nos, and 4said he had thrown it away over the paling in the lane, emerica (by U. States
, ingers, another day from printers, frozen-out mar-
packet) ..........N ~ •• -- • • Southam.n
teen so flourishing, or a future so politically auspi- five for two men' who attain '
that prolonged period t D
a_ _ evonport are or ere 0 d d t be ready for launching in with that great principle--that the Holy Scriptures of and that in throwing it away the vitriol had gone over
kustralia (via South-
ket gardeners, brass-button makers, gunmakers in .
God are the basis and foundation of the common law of the young ladies' dresses. I asked him how he came to
mous. One thing, too, which much contributed to of existence, content ourselves with laying be- the first week in March.
ampton) - ....M. -•'• -..- • • Southatnptoi
have such stuff about himintended onto (via Miu•seilles) N.
time of peace, or distressed needlewomen, all of
the cordiality of this Monarch's reception in Eno,- fore our readers • •
rs the progressive increase of income
•
it
in , and he said that he
to take
them entitled to demand further issues of paper
land is that his regal glory is, in his person, a brit- for the lives of those children whose investment •
.in a Royal William Victualling-yard, Plymouth, sailed for Christianity which happily forms the basis of that the. . . order to destroy himself, but his heart had Ditto (via Cape of Goo
failed him. I then inquired why he had if Dope) •• - - ••••••111Uncertal
money till they admitted they were fully employed
liant example of constitutional liberty-forming, in • • .Balaklava on Wednesday. . our common law is not of sectarian or denominational run away the
Africa (West Coast), .N 23d of the mono:.. Plymouth .. Dec. 6
Tontine we have taken for illustration •Itis to be• affair was an accident and he said he 'b •
and well paid ! And, having thus conferred this
fact, a sort of banner round which rally in his realm, • ' The schooner Jane and Mary Anne is being laden with character, but is a general and common Christianity, in . .. , f . did sobecause he A.loxandria..,....'
7 :.
Nrs4b%:•42Ot an of Tr „Dover ....
remembered that the annuity of 30/. a- ear tom- knew it ,was a very senora charge. I afterwards bread in the Royal William Victualling-yard for Ber- which all professing Christians that acknowledge the made. tiexandria........ ...E1 . ., f 1110,1.ISouthapt,„
splendid, though rather indefinite inheritance, on
not only in harmony, but in emulation, the two es at If the child 1. the Y
search in the adjoining a
Da1ey..........
lan of toe mon . Southanirt,-- f
mission of our Lord Jesus Christ
Divine character and
Befgium -;......-.. NIDaIIY •••••• • • •• - !Dover i... Daily
the sons and daughters of toil, Mr. Salt pretends
principles of loyalty to the Crown and of devotion m enc
interest;
ifoncde:
.ives, money earns muda. , .
abottle which appeared to have contained vitriol.
• to qualify it with the equally iadefinite salvo that
to the popularinterests and the municipal revile - Her Majesty's screw steam-ship Exinouth, 90, Capt. ec,}l , ,
i 'n. The foundation of this general or common Chris-
-0 • Scrip- Cross-examined-The prisoner told methat I, II os Ayr" .
Brazil - - ........ m 9th of the niimth .• Sontharnp- Dec. 15
..e in- non es m 9th et the moot uth Orr '.• "Dec 13
" He would not have an excess or deluge of paper,
of an enlightened nation. es ' pence of maintaining it for the survivors. •• The fol- W. K. Hall, from Spithead, arrived in Plymouth Sound tianity is the revealed Word of God-the Holyded to. have destroyed himself by putting hie head ('4l)c of Good HoPe . h Various poi, ,Uneertai
, . but it should be so regulated. as to keep the quail- lowing table will show the income, during life, de- on Wednesday evening. . , tares; and as it is an offence against God and religion,
under the railway train. The train assed close to the .---:
'ape of Good none, N .
tity of money and the power of exchanging it in rivable from the investment of 1,000/. at birth in Her Majesty's screw ship Nile, 90,
.Captain Georgeand 'adatcommon law, to write onto P ape de Vents' ..'„ eth (f ti, ~,,,t,l4;entlnnetr Dec. 15
a mi eineanour
spot where the affair occurred. The prisoner, I believe, Ceylon (see name)
. strict proportion with the labour to be engaged TEE ANGLO-FRENCH ALLIANCE, a Tontine of a thousand lives. The increase is, of Mundy, which left Kiel in company with- the Colossus speak blasphemy against the Almighty, denying His .
is a married man, with a family. eeyien............... h
and the quantity of goods to be consumed." But, —•-- course, progressive from year to year, but we take and the Royal George, arrived in Plymouth Sound yes-
~ tu
being His rovidence or character, or to use cm, me-
i 'Pon cur Saviour ' Inspector Merritt, of the P division, proved that be 'sham& Isles ... . . N,Mozi., Wed.,klrri,.. South am, . Tti.Th ^et
the floodgates once open, who is to stay the (From Galignani's Messenger.) decennial periods for the sake of clearness and aim- terday morning, and is appointed to go up the Hamoaze ions reproach
received the prisoner in charge, and that upon his tell- China ... .
Chili. ......... - . 'l 25 *I7V-1 cf wont l!iotithamp
Once a month ....1 Dec. 4
"deluge I" Who is to ascertain the " strict pro- The Debate contains an article by M. de St. plicity :- . to-day. scoffing at the Holy Scriptures, or wilfully exposing . .
f, in him that he was accused of throwing vitriol over the Constantinople 8,18,15,23,6vP50. !Dover -. . I
portion" and interfere at the exact moment between Marc Girardin, which may be accepted as the con- At 10 years old the income will be X6l Some experiments have been going on for the last
three days in the Arsenal-marshes, at Woolwich, in order the Bible to contempt or ridicule, are guilty of an
:o
fence punishable at common law by fine and imprisOn- young ladies, with intent to do them some grievoue eeustantinople • ,40 & 20th of rur' - 8 ulthdmpt. 1
out. of Europe 34 • NT,Twice daily . - Dovev .. Twiodall,
so many parties, all equally interested in the fabri- tinuation of a previous article by the same writer At 20 . f f 1f • If 88
to ascertain what kind of metal is best calculated for the bodily h he • " arm, said I admit I threw it over but I
went. It matters not, allow me to say, in this poiiA of „,said, re Egypt (see India) 1 ,
cation of inconvertible paper money. on the real policy of the war. He endeavoured, At 30 ~ ~ 9; 80 general purposes for which guns of large calibre are view, whether the book held up to public scorn-if such did not intend to do them any bodily harm." FraPICO ........ oft
_,
,Twire daisy-. . D,),„, .r.„„,,,,,,..,
, 4. 7. 17.90. 2-i : I , ~...
libraltar - ..... M , South,m,
As these gentlemen have appointed a committee in the first instance, to demonstrate the advan- At 40 If ~ f f 1 99 commonly required. The whole of the guns have stood be the fact-be- a Hebrew, Greek, Latin, or English Mr. Lancaster, a chemist at Croydon, proved that •
. Greece (see India) I
-so we understand from the last resolution-to to es possessed by a Conservative policy, such as At 50 f f f f fp 122 heavy proofs with the exception of one, which burst Bible-whether it be the authorised version-as the . the bottle produced by the constable had contained oil - ereytown .....„ _., a erica eel7tH or' men. Southamr •:.
' devise a safe and sufficient paper money, we will at present animates the Western Governments At 60 f f If f f 170 '
trials to be continued version of the Church of England is commonly under the experiment. The are called, of vitriol, and he said he had no doubt the wearing 11amburgh........, ..i3 Tuesday & Friday London ...
take the liberty of suggesting that the first thing over a revolutionary policy, which would let loose At 70 ; f f.l If 283 for some days longer. A further supply of the Wahren- or the Douay version or any other translation, if the apparel that had been produced had been burned by LI re 2id of the mutt :Bout hitr9M - Dec. 1.
btoalvlandah •.::: ..: • • ..
D '' 'Dt ti
.... m a•iy •• ••••• • •• -1 wer ... , Da t'.
to be done is to settle the few cabalistic words to the oppressed nationalities of Europe, and render At 80 •f f f f fl 750 dorf projectiles has been received at the Arsenal, and object be to hold up the volume to public execration. The that fluid.
Honduras ......,, , , 1%11170 t , the mono „'iSouiliamp, .‘ 1 6tholtner
At 00 ~ 7,500 result is the same in point of law. The parties guilty of Mr. Sumner,• la.address
in is to the jury on behalf t
o. India (viaSouthampt.,m 4th ' • 20th of trio, . Plymouth . Dec. 4
be engraved on the paper. There is a force andspeedy
the conclusion of a peace impossibleare being forwarded to Shoeburyness fora continuation
India (via Marseilles -t 9th&lth of tnowl.,Dover ...
simplicity in the words "I promise to pay Si. on- - • The And some survivor at some very patriarchal
same writer now dissects an opinion, entertained in
_.age of experiments,. . .
indictable
such profane scoffing of God's Holy Word are guilty ofan the prisoner, observed upon the extraordinary nature of
t - loniati Well (see Ill:::;,./.:7„:.,2', If3ot, trim, )1:)001•etriz ...
Tw
.t. ,
• demand" which will not be easily matched by any Russia, to the effect
that the alliance betweenf •
will, or some short period, enjoy the whole income The Balnana, screw transport, sailed from Queenhithe
ff - sd o ence ama emeanour a common law, ~ .
f "k d Ireland .. ... M.- \ .. . J I
mission o so wic e an act as the one imputed to the Lisbon.... . .', . MI, ?, !,,, a27of - .:SOln113111: - Dec. 15
mere philosophical formula that we are aware of. France and England cannot
prove lasting, and that of 30,0001. a year ; but the life of the longest-lived yesterday morning, with military stores and horses' for I need not speak to men of your knowledge of the hide-
cenc df I P
yan sinfulness o such profaneness as have de- . -
Prisoner, He said that the defence he was instructed Madeira .... .. .. ,f 9i, th, mouth sourharnp,„....
At least, wo are sure that the introduction of the the finances of the first state will not permit her to man is but a span in the life of a nation, and when 1 the East.
scribed. But sitting here as a judge to interpret and to make in his behalf was that the prisoner, being in a Madeira _ . .. ~ . .230 0. month --ILiverpool ... :
words "supply," "demand," "produce " " honest continue the war for any length of time. We ex- d •all ' - • is The following nn-boats have been turned out of Wool-
the destiny of overtakes him, the nation no . g Malta (see India:
I • administer the law, and being so far a guardian of the desponding state of mind aud meditating suicide, had male,
........ e -s, le tees of mon.'Dover Dec. 4
produc©, tract the following passages from the artic •le in longer indebted in the million, no party has been with dockyard ready for service, and are put in commis-
provided himself with the oil of vitriol for that purpose, Kauritius (see India
labour " "remunerative prices," "strict prowir-
sion as folio we :-k Skip-Jack, Lieut.i dthse.Hon. H. W.Cllet- laws and constitution of the realm, I cannot but admire
5 ilste 01 the month
- Iquestion :-tion," " market price of gold," "receivable for
wynd ; She ra e, Lieut. Court land Simpson ;. Tickler, the wisdom of the principle to which I have referred, and but his heart failing him at the moment he threw the eelfaieenuritias -••*. - TA 2nd of the MOIL“'.: SORthanL.l . INC 1
fitted. The proverbial longevity of annuitantsobserve what mischievous*would It f
consequences result from bottle away, and the contents accidentally fell upon the ;s-e°,l7, , ',.******'' •- - Sthlsth2sth f 1
duties," or what not, though ever so ingenious, "' Do you believe in peace rwe shall be asked ; no, . • , Lieut. Balfour ; Cheerful, Lieut. Rason ; Seagull, Lieut.......,„ , . o mon. Dover ...
would be thought anything but an improvement. we wish ardently for it, but our belief in it is only mo- may, and probably will, disturb the course of Montagu O'Reilly. suffering those principles to be destroyed or impugned. I dresses of these young ladies. The learned counsel also Now Granada........ Ai 21 & 17th of month Bouthampto,,i
It is very true that we have had paper money, and aerate. There exists, in fact, both passions and prejn- 1
•ncrease indicated by the above figures - but, A. number of fine young fellows have been received at would say, using the words of the rant and good Lord put it to the jury whether, if the prisoner had really in- new Zealand ...„, ~ ;By private slip • • Various port Une.-• -••
p.,,ii state,
... •. 1-41hthl5th2athonnon•IDover ..-. .
• dices against peace, and we would fain examine some of
plenty of it, that bore the brief inscription we so . . illusions . on the other hand, if it be the case that the the Royal Marine Barracks at Woolwich, to join that Hale, that "to say religion is a cheat is to dissolve tended to do the young ladies any mischief, he would riot Peninsula „,_
~ '• :Iyilltlii7th27thofmon.South pton,
the prejudices and which aee opposed to peece, serenity of mind and. freedom from anxietY, come, from Batb Cheltenham and Derby. The whole all those obligations whereby our civil rights are pre- have thrown the liquid in their faces, or up°.
some pm
.. .
e. e.,
..:: '. m lea sr 27th of nion.'Southarre.t,,n •
much commend, and yet belied the promise for a
with a reserve less demanded b circumstance than n which very, have a tendency topro- f them h battested d• t the y . . s
.an co • , . . y. . o em have been accor ing o e new issued 1 • d served. Christianity is parcel of the laws of En land other part of their persons ; and, as it was clear he had Port Natal ........ .Nipy private shlP•• •IVarious pi"' rt,i tine-- ....
time ; but even that was a perfectly intelligible • 1
the Christiang not done so, he submitt d that they would not be 'oats- Rielly •„
.; .... •
~ ~. ,•N sthlsth2sthohnon,lDever ....
genial to our character. What, then, is the illusion that long the lives of those whose daily subsistence is standard, by which recruits are in future to be admitted th f t h
ant, ere ere o reproach e religion and
Tuscany - ~.,, ....,
../,fsthist.l)2sl,hofmon.lDover - , I
transaction. It was simply a case of postponed
fled in finding him guilty
prevents Russia at this moment from proving her love assured, it is an additional reason why persons .to the Royal Marine battalions-namely, from 18 to 20 that we all know is to be found in the Bible) is to speakupon the present charge. isenezuela
„........mas a l7th oftnon th : Southampton t 1 & .6mo.
payment. The State, hard put to it, begged for
Several
of peace, and thus satisfyieg the desires of Europe ? should invest t t• I 1 f '
,a a conipara we yow rate o Into- Years of age, sft. bin ; and from 20 to 26, sft. Gilt) in subversion of the law itself," Ea. consider tine- in witnesses were then examined, who gave the Van Diemen'sLane (Niel 1
- .
• time, or rather took it as a matter of necessity.
a very good character. Australia) ...... „. . .
It Russia believes that the Anglo-French alliance cannotf t • thereby augmenting the prescribed height half-an-inch en this country the administration of justice, civil and cri- prisoner
rest, in security which increases
a
y 2d -:". Mb et month'Sontha'n ter. Ido a
W:et, Indies . .
. said, "We have promised to pay you such and such last long ; she believes also that our finances cannot reh • ' d • h mina], is based upon the truths of the Christian reli- The learned Judge, in summing up, said that before
t e Juniors, an a quarter of an inc on those above 20
sums on demand. We grieve to say that we cannot sist for long the trials of the war. On these two points that it lengthens their lives. It must
file proportion _ . . .
' years of age. gion, and on the reverence in which the Holy Scriptures the jury could convict the prisoner under the present When
en any of those dates fall on a Sunday, the malls will .• de.
However, be also borne in mind that the duration of
keep our promise. We have not the money. But we would say a few words, in order that it may be dis- The following appointments were made yesterday at or the Word of God is held. Every witness in every indictment they must be satisfied, first, that he had 'patched on the following day, with the exception of the In ii: We
human life has considerably increased seats the
thrown the li aid u on the ros utr. Southampton and the Malta, both ef which will be despatch.d V
we trust this horrid war will soon be over, and at tinctly understood in France and over the world that the the Admiralty :-Commander G. 0. Popplewell is ap- cause, in this and every other court, with some statut-q P pecix ; and secondly, _ roce g
tho earliest possible moment after the procia_ partisans of the ancient constitutional regime and those Northamptontables constructed
were and there-„pointed Inspecting Commander of the Coastguard ; able exceptions, is solemnly sworn on the Holy Gospels thstev when he did so, his intention was to do her some
P 'nation of peace we will redeem our word, and of the new. institutions are determined to seek for a last- fore,
. a certain
. percentage
. . must be taken off the Commander W. Wood, to the Intrepid ; the Rev. B. of God to tell the truth in his evidence. Every pettybodily injury. If they should think that his object was
~ .
pay you ire full, 20s. in the pound." The . P .
ing peace in the constant alliance with England, not- increase of income to bring it to what it really would Ring, to be Chaplain of the Sampson' J. Burke, assist- jury is sworn in like manner to find a true verdict ac- merely to destroy her clothes, although that was un- SHARE MARKETS.
withstanding the sacrifices exacted by war. For more be in practice. We have illustrated our proposition ant paymaster in charge, to the Wanderer ;W. H. Batt, cording to the evidence beforelhein. Every grand jury doubtedly a very mischievous and wicked act, for which
natural consequence was,..that the notes. of t.lie
than 30 years have we advocated the English alliance as by the above calculation Merely to show an approxi- acting clerk, to the Arrogant. is likewise sworn on the same holy book to find and pre- he would still be amenable to the law under another ' ---...-___
insol vent State were sold at a discount, which varied
LIVERPOOL, DEC. G.
being the best alliance for France. We should take a mate estimate of the working of such a system, on On Thursday 98 invalids, with 10 orderlies, arrived at sent, according to the truth, without fear, favour, or form of charge, that would not be sufficient ; and before
according to the prospects of peace. When peace
fairST.OOIF EXOHiANGE.—The tone of, the. market was v.ery
strange step were we at this moment to abandon that a very large Beale from the cradle to the rave. Chatham, having landed at Portsmouth from the she affection, affection. And I may add, that there are few public they could return a verdict of guilty they must be Batas-
seemed very remote a 11.-note passed for only 14s. ; alliance, when it produces a fruit which we had desired, Experience alone :mild show what d• • g id.• Brandon, which sailed from Balaklava on the Ist of No offices in the realm - from that filled by our gra- fled that his intention was to cause her some personal ? to-day, and not under yesterday s prises.
.Caledonian,
con itionswou
1.8.___,1.
_.b.ister,, Sheffield,. ,and Lincolnshire, 23i i---
when near, 18s., or thereabouts ; and when the viz., the faculty cf France to wage a war which is not make such an investment palatable to the public. Ye b • charge of Quartermaster Carne lath Re •-
m t r 112 C _ _ Y; cious Sovereign herself, down to that occupied iteiuFY..
very day was fixed for the resumption of cash pay. revolutionary. The alliance of France a lq! 1 -1 e an.. ...e.e.ee.. .... • .., . .. e_ „

(Prom the Times of this day.)
The currency philosophers met on Wednesday
evening, and conducted themselves with their usual
audacity of argument and modesty of demand.
Often as we have challenged the most courageous
of the school for a specific plan we have never been
obliged in that most important particular. Think-
ing it just possible that we might catch them at a
felicitous moment, we read with some curiosity the
• report of their meeting at the London Tavern, and
carefully sifted each successive resolution. Once
more were we doomed to be disappointed. In the
first resolution the mountain laboured, as usual,
with a thundering denunciation of " the existing
laws in relation to currency," to which it ascribed
fluctuations, panics and pressures, destruction and
ruin. From this point the bathos began very early
indeed, for the next resolution was content with
recommending that people should be permitted to
buy and sell gold—a process which is gone through,
not only when a schoolboy takes an old watchcase
to the goldsmith, but at every pecuniary transac-
tion where the figure is as much as a sovereign.
Everybody who buys a ticket for Jenny Lind's per-
formance next week at Exeter-hall uses gold " in
its natural character as a commodity," and ascer-
tains " its value under the ordinary laws of supply
and demand." In effect, he puts so much gold in
one scale and Jenny Lind's voice in the other ;
and, though his palm still itches for the one,
he determines to have his ear tickled by the other.
The second resolution, then, was small enough ;
but the third and last was, if possible, smaller. It
was, indeed, the ridicutus mus of the fable. It
was, " that such national paper money might be
issued under conditions calculated to remedy the
objections usually urged against paper money, and
that the matter might be referred to a committee."
Bat why refer to a committee when so many great
minds were assembled on the spot ? Why not, at
least, give us some idea of " the conditions calcu-
lated to remedy the objections ?" That's the very
point we are all sticking at. We have been asking
for these conditions many a long year, and could
never get a sight of them. From Mr. Bennoch's
speech we cannot gather whether he would simply
authorise the Bank to increase its circulation up
to a certain amount, or remove all restriction upon
it, or even thrust on the country some immense,
or even indefinite paper currency, through some
other organ than the Bank. Mr. Salt tantalises
us for one delicious moment with the promise of
safe but inexhaustible riches. He was for esta-
blishing a legal tender money. What was more,
he was for regulating the issue. This • looks like
the desired union of valour and 'discretion ;
het we know not which of these qualities pre-
dominates in the rule which Mr. Salt proceeds
to recommend. It was, " that paper money
should be issued till every honest labourer had
found full employment at remunerative prices."
Heavens, what a problem for a conscientious Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer ! The honesty of every
labourer, and every labourer's measure of full work
and good wages ! Imagine this unhappy financier
meeting deputations one day from 20,000 Manches-
ter spinners on the " strike," another day from
the Spitalfields weavers, another day from the
Dorsetshire labourers, another day from the stock-
ingers, another day from printers, frozen-out mar-
ket gardeners, brass-button makers, gunmakers in
time of peace, or distressed needlewomen, all of
them entitled to demand further issues of paper
money till they admitted they were fully employed
and well paid ! And, having thus conferred this
splendid, though rather indefinite inheritance, on
the sons and daughters of toil, Mr. Salt pretends
to qualify it with the equally indefinite salvo that
" He would not have an excess or deluge of paper,
but it should be so regulated as to keep the gum)
tity of money and the power of exchanging it
strict proportion with the labour to be engaged
and the quantity of goods to be consumed." Bu'
the floodgates once open, who is to stay the
" deluge !" Who is to ascertain the " strict pro-
portion" and interfere at the exact moment between
so many parties, all equally interested in the fabri-
cation of inconvertible paper money.
As these gentlemen have appointed a committee
—so we understand from the last resolution—to
devise a safe and sufficient paper money, we will
take the liberty of suggesting that the first thing
to be done is to settle the few cabalistic words to
be engraved on the paper. There is a force and
simplicity in the words "I promise to pay 5/. on
demand" which will not be easily matched by any
mere philosophical formula that we are aware of.
At least, wo are sure that the introduction of the
words "supply," "demand," "produce," "honest
labour," " remunerative prices," "strict propor-
tion," " market price of gold," " receivable for
duties," or what not, though ever so ingenious,
would be thought anything but au improvement.
It is very true that we have had paper money, and
plenty of it, that bore the brief inscription we so
much commend, and yet belied the promise for a
time ; but even that was a perfectly intelligible
transaction. It was simply a case of postponed
payment. The State, hard put to it, begged for
time, or rather took it as a matter of necessity. It
said, " We have promised to pay you such and such
sums on demand. We grieve to say that we cannot
keep our promise. We have not the money. But
we trust this horrid war will soon be over, and at
the earliest possible moment after the procla-
mation of peace we will redeem our word, and
pay you in full, 20s. in the pound." The
natural consequence was' that the notes of the
insol vent State were sold at a discount, which varied
according to the prospects of peace. When peace
seemed very remote a 11.-note passed for only 14s. ;
when near, 18s., or thereabouts ; and when the
very day was fixed for the resumption of cash pay-
ments the bit of paper attained its proper value of
20s. There was no mystery, no philosophy, no
theory of any kind in all this ; nothing that it
could take five minutes to understand. Nobody
ever doubted that even that temporary postpone-
ment, that begging for time, was a national disas-
ter, throwing everything out of gear, unsettling all
pecuniary arrangements, and leaving permanent
traces on the national finance. But there was no
kind of humbug about it. Nobody dreamt that it
was either a recondite stroke of finance or a new
invention in currency, or a piece of vertu, or
anything, in fact, but a simple case of default,
only excusable because inevitable, and happily re-
deemed at the earliest opportunity. Of course, if
the war goes on year after year, if we find it neces-
sary to borrow 50,000,000/. a year, to lay on
more and more taxes to offer the greatest possi-
ble obstacles to the trade of Russia, and to '
turn a large part of our labour
operations 0.
if all and capital
into the unproduCtive and wasteful
war— still more, Europe
is absorbed in the
quarrel—we may at length be driven by sheer
necessity to suspend payment, and to beg a w
few
years' grace from the owners of our bank-notes..
In that case the Bank of England will go on issu-
ing notes, which, notwithstanding the promise on
their face, will only be understood to mean that the
owners will get their money as soon as the war is
over. The more of such notes there are issued the
less certainty will there bo of the Bank being able
to fulfil even that deferred promise, and the greater
consequently, will be the depreciation of the paper
and the loss of those who are liable to have their
debts paid in this comparatively base currency.
This is what has been, and that is what may be
again. It has just happened in Russia, where the
Odessa Bank has been compelled to suspend cash
'payments, the necessary result being a heavy fall
in the price of its notes. It is by no means a con-
summation to be wished for hero. It would be, a
it is theme, a discredit, a disaster, a visitation of
war. Other States have gone through the same
process with more or less cause, and have, or have
not, redeemed their credit. But no example has
yet occurred either in this or in any other country
that could at all justify imitation, except on tlib
direst necessity. Our Currency Philosophers, then,
must not recur to history or to contemporaneous
example_ for a solution of the problem. They n ust
draw it from the dark and unfathomable abyss of
their own. understandings. Often as they have
been challenged for it, they have never produced
it yet, and we confess to no small curiosity to see
the coming prodigy.

(From the Morning 7-----
The foreign monarchs Post of this day.)
have this year visited
England ; but while ono s
of
these Royal visits was
not more than enough, in point of material, to
stain a few paragrahs of coin
is European
the two others
for
rEuevroepean history,
remain not merely chapters
but great national lessons
already said sufficient about the Emperor We have
Napo-
leon's welcome among us, and its extraordinary
past -wqi?‘l'
political significance, the associations it connisinarY
the recollections it evoked, the unhappy
it obliterated, and the fortunate future which it
appeared to promise, and has, we trust, ina,,,,11
rated. Three years ago it would have excited
scarcely more interest among the public of the
(limited Kingdom to learn that the King of Sar-
dinia was coming than that the King of Portugal
Was about to arrive.
Ptili, a great storm of events has blown since then,
And the recent visit of the sub-Alpine Sovereign,
like that of Napoleon 111., m
than a mere was felt to be far ore
Emmanuel ilenal gratification. When Victor
repliedirsioathe to the City of London Address,
lie observed
~
it
had had joined the Anglo-French
alliance because
°var been the custom of the
House of Savoy to
war©
the sword where justice
and independence wre
This, indeed, has been the traditionarysta" among nations."
aim of that
Eipirited Royal house ; and, thoo,
some eight hun-
dred years have passed, that house -
neverstoodhigher
n E aropea n influence than it stands today, despite

(From Galignani's Messenger.)
The Debats contains an article by M. de St.
Marc Girardin, which may be accepted as the con-
tinuation of a previous article by the same writer
on the real policy of the war. He endeavoured,
in the first instance, to demonstrate the advan-
tages possessed by a Conservative policy, such as
at present animates the Western Governments,
over a revolutionary policy, which would let loose
the oppressed nationalities of Europe, and render
the speedy conclusion of a peace impossible. The
same writer now dissects an opinion, entertained in
Russia, to the effect that the alliance between
France and England cannot prove lasting, and that
the finances of the first state will not permit her to
continue the war for any length of time. We ex-
tract the following passages from the article in
question :
" Do you believe in peace 1' we shall be asked ; no,
we wish ardently for it, but our belief in it is only mo-
derate. There exists, in fact, both passions and preju-
dices against peace, and we would fain examine some of
the prejudices and illusions which al-a opposed to peace,
with a reserve less demanded by circumstances than con-
genial to our character. What, then, is the illusion that
prevents Russia at this moment from proving her love
of peace, and thus satisfying the desires of Europe ?
Russia believes that the Anglo-French alliance cannot
last long; she believes also that our finances cannot re
sist for long the trials of the war. On these two points
we would say a few words, in order that it may be dis-
tinctly understood in France and over the world that the
partisans of the ancient constitutional regime and those
of the new institutions are determined to seek for a last-
ing peace in the constant alliance with England, not-
withstanding the sacrifices exacted by war. For more
than 30 years have we advocated the English alliance as
being the best alliance for France. We should take a
strange step were wo at this moment to abandon that
alliance, when it produces a fruit which we had desired,
viz., the faculty cf France to wage a war which is not
revolutionary. The alliance of France and England has
been for 18 years the cause of a general peace ; it is at
this moment one of the reasons for the ascendancy ob-
tained by France in the Eastern question. Where, then;
are the inconvenient points in that alliance ? They have
not yet appeared, it is said, but they will occur. We
admit that, under the peace regime, there was a moment
when the alliance was inconvenient. England pushed
to excess her principle of peace, and wished to maintain
France too much in a negative condition, and therefore
she could not submit to the Spanish marriages questicn.
A time may arrive when, under the regime of war,
the English alliance may prove inconvenient, a
moment when she may push too far her warlike princi-
ple, and cons,rain France to maintain the offensive be-
yond the policy of France. We shall see, but at all
events that moment has not arrived, and we are of opi-
nion, without being of those who believe in the eternity
of the English alliance, that it is destined to be of long
duration, in spite of popular revolutions and dynastic
catastrophes.'

Our contemporary expresses its opinion that the
sincerity of the alliance can alone be disturbed by
the introduction of a revolutionary policy in the
con duct of the war :

" In that case the old political jealousies would awaken
in France and England. To whom Crete ? To whom
the Archipelago ? To whom Belgium and the Rhine ?
The revolutionary policy would therefore excite ques-
tions of the gravest nature. We have proclaimed abroad
that hitherto a conservative policy has guided the war,
and we are convinced that the French Government will
remain faithful to that policy with which it has been so
well inspired. There lies its interests and its strength.
Until the commencement of a revolutionary policy the
alliance with England is assured, and the ideas of Russia
are but illusions. "
The Debats replies to the Russian assumption
that the finances of France are unequal to the
continuation of the contest, by stating that the
resources of France developed during the., forty
years' peace will enable her to bear all the sacrifices
entailed by the present struggle without injury to
her financial position ; that, in fact, the peace has
sown the war. Our contemporary concludes by
expressing its fervent desiro for the re-establish-
ment of peace, which will then infuse vigour into
the parliamentary and constitutional institutions
of France.

._. 1 Naval and Military Intelligence.
• i _,,_____
In the time of the Third William, not as is gene- I The steam-transports Adelaide, Captain Young • Har-
rally supposed, the inventor of our institution of binger, Captain Benson ; and the Calcutta, Captain
national debt, but the originator of the habit of , Blackmore, arrived at Spithead yesterday from the East,
I
paying it, or its interest, regularly—for Kings be-
with invalids and passengers. The Adelaide brought
Commander Cave, R.N. ; Lieutenant Odevaine, R.N. ;
fore him had borrowed money often enough with- Lieutenant Goren, of the 19th Regiment; Staff Assist-
out the latter burdensome ceremony—there lived a ant-Surgeon Stewart ; Mr. Churcher, naval medical
L 9 i eiun tveanliadnetd Sys
ekaems , e
nil .
aEndl . C. S
marines,. ; th e7Roeovo.
a scheme of raising money on a system whereby the
Neapolitan, Lorenzo Tonti by name, who devised . store-keeper ;
132 pound gsfio;t, and other stores. She spoke on the
Government should obtain the advantage of the ex- 18th ult. the barque Enmore, in the Cervi Channel ;
tinction of the debt at a distant date, limited by the also, in the same waters, the steam-ship Madagascar ;
duration of human life, whilst the lenders should on the 20th, in lat. 36 N., long. 13.55 E., the screw-
receive an annuity on more advantageous terms than
steamer Azoff ; on the 26th, in lat. 37.27 N., long. 2.38
E., the Herefordshire ; on the 27th, in lat. 37.93, long.
could be granted on any other basis. Of this finan- 0.35 W., the Islay, of Dundee ; and, at the same time,
cial operation, which took its name from its pro- the ship
2298tth in
h , off
the Cape
Straitsde G theaotft,eib
steam-tug .
jester, it has been said that " Tontines seem adapted
DelawareD tDragon
; onhe .
on
ttheraltar, the Phoebus, of Newport ' • and on the same day,
to the passions of human nature, from the hope in the same waters, the barque Jura, of Bristol. The
every man entertains of longevity, and the desire Adelaide sailed in August last, on her second voyage on
of ease and affluence in old age, and they are bane- the transport service in the East, and since that date
ficial to the public as affording a discharge of the has been eight voyages across the Black Sea, carrying
debt, though a distant one, without any payment." 3,500 officers and men of the Turkish Contingent, 800
A Tontine is simply a loan raised upon life an- of the Land Transport Corps, towing three ships to
1 Kertcb, besides conveying horses and troops from
unities, with this provision, that, in consideration
outward The arbingecrhabrouight
of a certain sum contributed by a certain number
passage.RoyaiArtilery H
of persons, Government grants a life annuity to
Captainditto; Capt. Gillum, of the Ist R;oyal Captainßeg Regiment Champion,
the subscribers—the annuity, as the annuitants die i neland oFnisher
master MiMullens, of the 48th Regiment ; Assistant-
off, to be divided among the survivors, until at last
Surgeon Erskine, of the 4th Regiment ; Assistant-Sur-
it becomes centred in the one survivor of the whole, geon Sinclair, of the 93d Regiment ; Mrs. Wheatstone,
and at his death ceases entirely. The debt is then nurse 13 soldiers (servants), and 3 sailors. The Harbin-
extinct. With respect to the nation, the advantage ger left Balaklava on the 10th of November with 55
is obvious, provided an exorbitant rate of interest muleteers and drivers for Malta and Gibraltar, 15 ser-
be not required to tempt individuals to accept this vents and 10 officers for England, calling at Kazatch
species of security, and we are inclined to think Bay and bringing from there 10 invalids (Marines), and
that, considering the direct personal advantage 2 officers for Therapia
t.Hospital.i His Grace the Duke of
sameand arriving Newcastle for
hCeolnisttahn
aut:roipv.e, arrived on the 13th and
arriving at Maatlta
iohnrattlatahrlSetnh and
e
which every annuitant would expect, and many
would receive, in the shape of a constantly increas- left again
day. The Harbinger met with
ing income during his whole life, much money I
might be raised, not only as cheaply as in the ordi-
extremely heavy gales between Malta and England from
nary system of contracting loans, but actually at a the S.E. and N.E. The General Screw Steam-Shipping
lower rate of interest for terminable annuities than 2e7atvl 11,n leaving
leaving onl° nt
h teo
n19:121)4;
Company's ship Calcutta was at Gibraltar, to leave on
for interminable. The Chancellor of the Exchequer the 27th ; and the Peninsular and Oriental Company's
has not much chance of getting money at less ship Manilla was to leave on the same day. The Cal-
than 31 per cent. on a perpetual annuity, cutta brought Major Singleton, Royal Artillery, in
and we shall now proceed to consider why those charge of invalids ; Capt. the Hon. W. L. Talbot, of the
who have money to invest might possibly and pro- 9th Regiment ; Capt. Wilkinson, of the 9th ; Lieut. the
fitably be induced to advance it on a Tontine at 3 Hon. T. Q. W. Plunkett, of the Ist Royals ; Lieut.
per cent. To test this, we shall, in the first in- Gawne, of the 79th ; Lieut. Cross, of the 46th ; Lieut.
Clark, of the 15th Hussars; Purveyor Robb, Ensign
stance, assume that the subscription to the Ton-
Morel of the 3d ; Lieut. Jervois, of the 7th ; Assist-
forant-Surgeontine is the prudent act of opulent parents, wishing
Mills,n medical charge; Mr. Hogg, R.N.;
,
a certain provision for their children, which Mrs. Dickenson, 2 children and nurse; 67 military in-
shall become more ample as they grow older, and vends, 2 women, 1 child, 3 naval prisoners for trial, 2
that the lives put into the Tontine are those of a witnesses, and 3 seamen.
thousand children in their first year, at 1,0001. The Hawke, 60, Capt. Ommanney, is ordered from
each. This, at so low a rate of interest at 3 per Portsmouth to Falmouth to winter; and the Hastings,
cent. would, of course, produce an immediate 60, Capt. Fansbawe, is ordered to Queenstown.
income of 301. in the year, as available for the The Meander, 44, Capt. Baillie, left Spithead yester-
support of the child as if it were paid out of day afternoon for Plymouth.
Consols. We shall employ the Northamp- The reent 17 e ,
naval steam-transport, Commander
ton tables of mortality, and, for the sake of Phillips, R.N., left Portsmouth yesterday evening, with
making the general principle more intelligible, a small draught of the 17th Lan_cersstfeoretrhde East.
without overcrowding the subject with details, The Calcutta, 84, Capt. J. J pf , was towed
into Portsmouth harbour from Spithead yesterday morn-
shall take no account of the superior value
of female life over male, which, however, is son- "he Heels, 6, paddle-sloop, Commander Aplin, left
Bible, and would
.have to be considered in the carry- s-
pithead yesterday morning for Plymouth.
ing any such project out in practice, seeing that) The Gleaner, gun-boat, was taken into dock at Ports-
according to Mr. Finlayson's observations on the mouth yesterday, and also the Pincher and Jackdaw.
progressive decrement of life among the nominees The steam block-ship Brunswick, 90, at Devonport, is
in the Government Tontines and life annuities in ordered to be masted and fitted for commission.
Great Britain, three women reach the age of seventy- The gun-boats now being built on slips Nos. 2 and 4
five for two men who attain that prolonged period at Devonport are ordered to be ready for launching in
of existence, and content ourselves with laying be- the first week in March.
fore our readers the progressive increase of income The bark Lady Wharncliffe, with provisions from the
for the lives of those children whose investment in a Royal William Victualling-yard, Plymouth, sailed for
Tontine we have taken for illustration. It is to be Balaklava on Wednesday. The schooner Jane and Mary Anne is being laden with
remembered that the annuity of 301. a-year tom- breadin Will-am Victualling-yard
the Royal Wi lamfor Ber-
mences at once. If the child lives, the money earns muds.
interest; if it dies, the parent is released from the ex- Her Majesty's screw steam-ship Exmouth, 90, Capt.
pense of maintaining it for the survivors. The fol- W. K. Hall, from Spithead, arrived in Plymouth Sound
lowing table will show the income, during life, de- on Wednesday evening.
rivable from the investment of 1,0001. at birth in Her Majesty's screw ship Nile, 90, Captain George
a Tontine of a thousand lives. The increase is, of Mundy, which left Kiel in company with the Colossus
course, progressive from year to year, but we take and the Royal George, arrived in Plymouth Sound yes-
decennial periods for the sake of clearness and sim- terday morning, and is appointed to go up the Hamoaze
plicity : to-day.
At 10 years old the income will be £6l Some experiments have been going on for the last
three days in the Arsenal-marshes, at Woolwich, in order
At 20 . ~ 1f /2 88 to ascertain what kind of metal is best calculated for the
At 30 If ~ lf 80 general purposes for which guns of large calibre are
At 40 ff ff ff 99 commonly required. The whole of the guns have stood
At 50 ff ff II 122 heavy proofs, with the exception of one, which burst
At 60 ff ff ff 170
under the experiment. The trials are to be continued
At 70 ~ fl ff 283 for some days longer. A further supply of the Wabren-
At 80 • ff /1 750 dorf projectiles has been received at the Arsenal, and
At 00 ~ 21 ,f 7,500 are being forwarded to Shoeburyness for a continuation
And some survivor at some very patriarchal age of experiments.
will, for some short period, enjoy the whole income The Bahiana, screw transport, sailed from Queenhithe
of 30,0001. a year ; but the life of the longest-lived yesterday morning, with military stores and horses for
man is but a span in the life of a nation, and when 1 the East.
the destiny of all overtakes him, the nation is no The following gun-boats have been turned out of Wool-
longer indebted in the million, no party has been with dockyard ready for service, and are put in commis-
wronged,sion as folio Rs :- Skip-Jack, Lieut. the Hon. H.W. Chet-
fitted.bend The proverbial longevity of annuitants Lieut.wnd ;BSalilfeoludrra.ktLieut. Courtland Simpson ; Tickler,
Lieut. Rason ; Seagull, Lieut.
may, and probably will, disturb the course of Montagu O'Re'illy. Cheerful,
increase indicated by the above figures - but, A. number of fine. young fellows have been received at
on the other hand, if it be the case that the the N.oyal Marine Barracks at Woolwich, to join that
serenity of mind and freedom from anxiety, corps, from Batb, Cheltenham, and Derby. Tee whole
which, very probably, have a tendency to pro- of them have been attested according to the newly-issued
long the lives of those whose daily subsistence is standard, by which recruits are in future to be admitted
assured, it is an additional reason why persons , to the Royal Marine battalions—namely, from 18 to 20
should invest, at a comparatively low rate of jute- years of age, sft. bin ; and from 20 to 26, sft. 6in.,
rest, in a security which increases their comforts in thereby augmenting the prescribed height half-an-inch en
the proportion that it lengthens their lives. It must, the juniors, and a quarter of an inch on those above 20
however, be also borne in mind that the duration of years of age.
human life has considerably increased since the
The following appointments were made yesterday at
Northampton tables were constructed, and, there-
pointed Inspecting Commander of th the Admiralty :—Commander G. 0. Poe PIP roaell istgusarad ;P.
fore, a certain percentage must be taken off the Commander W. Wood, to the Intrepid ; the Rev. B.
increase of income to bring it to what it really would Ring, to be Chaplain of the Sampson ; J. Burke, assist-
be in practice. We have illustrated our proposition ant paymaster in charge, to the Wanderer ; W. H. Batt,
by the above calculation merely to show an approxi- acting clerk, to the Arrogant.
mate estimate of the working of such a system, on On Thersday 98 invalids, with 10 orderlies, arrived at
a very large scale, from the cradle to the grave. Chatham, having landed at Portsmouth from the ship
Experience alone could show what conditions would Brandon, which sailed from Balaklava on the Ist of No-
make such an investment palatable to the public, vembsr in charge of Quartermaster Carney, 18th Regi-
what the favourite age for entering a Tontine would ment, who was in the Burmese, China, and Crimean
be, what would be the most acceptable number of wars. Second-class Staff-surgeons G. Williams and W.
subscribers in each class, and the exact sum most
Barrett, Acting Assistant-Surgeon John Grant, and Hos-
readily subscribed by each ; in short, how the se-Swan accompanied the men Se o d 1
Stiff
-dresser _ _ . . ,cass
W. Braybrooke, assisted by Mr Forshall curity might be made most marketable. In the inspected the invalids at the station, when ihe whole'
above case, a professional man, making a good in- with the exceptipn of 23, were considered sufficiently,
come, which, however, would die with him, and convalescent to be sent to St. Mary's Barracks. Lieute-
having an average family of four or five children,
Hants R. A. Rowe, 12th Lancers; T. L. Still, Royal
could, by an expenditure of four or five thousand Artillery ; and R. G. H. Burgoyne came home in the
pounds, spread over several years, in a great mea- Brandon on sick leave.
sure provide for them, but the benefits derivable Sixty-five of the Medical Staff Corps, Chatham depot,
from such an investment would accrue more or less are ordered to hold themselves_ in readiness to embark
to the subscribers to a Tontine of whateverage. For at Portsmouth intbeSteamerkEtuhr:pa.
The shipwrights employed ‘ construction. of gue.-
instance, by the same tables, and of course with the
boats on the Wear have received an unsolicited addition of
same reductions, in a Tontine of the same amount,
1 per day to their pay, which is now two guineas a
but composed of individuals of the exact age of 25, B.
- •
week. The increase has been given in order to secure
the subscribers of a thousand pounds would, at the services of good and steady workmen to complete
the age of 50, be in receipt of 300/. a-year ;at the boats early in the ensuing spring
sixty, 4221.; and at seventy, nearly 7001.. The divi- The Rev. Alexander Henderson has. resigned the con-
sion into classes, however, could scarcely be car- gregation of Lisburn, having received from the Govern-
ried out so exactly as to include in each class merely ment the important appointment of Presbyterian Chap-
those born in one particular year—probably quin- lain to the forces on the Curragh.
quennial periods would be found to answer best—
should the system become a regular branch of the
finance of the country, and it is a subject well de-
serving of inquiry and consideration whether it
might not be so. At this moment an operation of
this sort would furnish the Minister with the means
of carrying on the war with vigour, without adding
to the permanent burdens of the country at all—
without the serious increase in the taxes requisite
to pay the year's expenditure out of the year's in-
come—and without running the risk of deranging
the monetary system by swamping the market with
scrip ; but it is not at all certain that a permanent
and effective sinking fund might not be established
by this means. - The moneyed interest would be
opposed to it, for from such a direct transaction be-
tween the Government and the people no profit
could be derived by the great money houses ; but
the sums invested in savings banks in this country,
upwards of thirty-three millions, which is little
else than a loan from individuals to the Govern-
ment, and the circumstances attending the recent
loan in France, all tend to show that, in the pre-
sent state of public opinion, large monetary trans-
actions may be safely and profitably entered into
betweengovernorsand governed, without the costly
intervention of the leading capitalists.—Morning
Post.

DEATH OF ADMIRAL CARTHEW.

Admiral James Carthew (on the reserved half-pay
list, in receipt of service pension), died at Tredudwell,
near Fowey, Cornwall, on the 27th ult., aged 85 years.
Admiral Carthew entered the navy Dec. 8, 1780, as cap-
tain's servant, on board the Dunkirk, Capt. Chapman,
lying at Plymouth ; served, from 1782 to 1786, as mid-
shipman in the Syren, 32, Capt. Wm. Carlyon, and Ada-
mant, 50, flag-ship of Sir R. Hughes, in the West In-
dies ; and, after a further attachment to the Carnatic,
74, Captain Peregrine Bertie, and Salisbury, 50, bearing
the flag of Vice-Admiral Millbank, on the home and
Newfoundland stations, was promoted to the rank of
lieutenant Nov. 4, 1790. He was next appointed, April
18, 1793, to the Solebay, 32, Captains William Han-
cock Kelly and Henry William Bayntun, in the West
Indies, where he served on shore at the capture
of Martinique, in March, 1794 ; Nov. 3, 1795, to
the Mercury, 28, Captain Hon. George Byng, on the
Newfoundland station ; and Dec. 6, 1797, to t'ae Irre-
sistible, 74, Capt. George Martin, employed off Lisbon.
On June 4, 1798, Mr. Carthew was promoted to the
command of the Rosario, which sloop, after attending,
in 1799, the expedition to the Helder, and assisting at
the destruction of two Dutch frigates and of the dock-
yard at Medemblik, was burnt, as a fire-vessel, in en-
deavouring to destroy a French squadron in Dunkirk
Roads, July 7, 1800. Captain Carthew, who obtained
post rank from the Shark, sloop, at Jamaica, July 11;
1801, there commanded the Garland, 22, and the Cres-
cent, 36, until the peace. He was afterwards appointed,
April 8, 1805, to the Astrea, 32, in the North Sea, Jan.
23, 1806, to the Cresent again, on the same station ;
and March 19, 1808, to the Gloire, frigate, part of the
force employed, in February, 1809, at the reduction of
Martinique, where he had charge for some time of the
British squadron. Since 1812 this officer had not been
afloat. He became a rear-admiral July 22, 1830 ; vice-
admiral, Nov. 23, 1841 ; and admiral, Jan. 14, 1850. In
Jan., 1854, he accepted the service pension, and was
placed on the reserved half pay list.
By the death of Admiral Carthow, Captain Charles
Graham, brother of Sir Jas. Graham, will be promoted
to the rank of rear-admiral. The other promotions de-
pend upon the gallant officer who may choose to accept
of the pension with retirement.

P.IVOURS TO PRISONERS.

Yesterday, at the general meeting of the magistracy
of Middlesex, held at Clerkenweil, the court proceeded
to take into consideration the evidence appended to the
special report of the Visiting Justices of the House of
Detention, brought up on the last county day, relative
to certain violations of the prison rules, in favour of the
bankers Strahan, Paul, and Bates, during their incar-
ceration there, and for which the governor, Lieut. Hill,
was suspended.
After much discussion, it was resolved :—" That this
court, having considered' the evidence appended to the
report of the Visiting Justices of the House of Deten-
tion, presented on the 18th Oct. last, and after reading
which the governor of that prison was suspended from
his office, are of opinion that his conduct in violating THE MILITIA.
the rules of the prison in the numerous instances men- The Queen's Own Light Infantry gave the guard of
tioned in the evidence has been highly censurable and honour of 100 men, under the command of Lieut.-Col.
improper; that the punishment already inflicted on him Dickson, 1 captain, and 2 subalterns at the flagstaff on
by his suspension, together with the forfeiture of his Woolwich-common on the occasion of the visit ofher
salary from the 18th of October to the present time, Majesty and the King of Sardinia. meets the merits of the case ; and+ that, after a suitable The 2(1 Warwickshire Regiment of Militia arrived ind
admonition from the chairman, he be reinstated in his Dublin on Wednesday from Birmingham. con
sisted
office consis
office of governor."
of 24 officers, 40 serjeants, and 534 men. Accompanying
Lieut. Hill was then called, and the chairman informed the regiment were 61 women and 39 children.
him of the decision of the court. He reprimanded him On Saturday 45 men of the Royal Cork Artillery Corpfji
for the past, and cautioned him as to the future, and volunteered for the Land Transport Service, as 2d and
hoped nothisg of the kind would again occur. The court 3d class drivers, the former at 2s. 6d. a-day, with rations,
bad reinstated him in his office, but he would lose his sa- I and the latter at ls. 3d. per day, with rations also.
1
of
a rtly f
the
ewoHor
so thefuusre t
of
fi me h
r D resolvede
t Detention
n t bai
o nd.b beensuspended. e
requested
That
the i
Visiting
to
Justices
communicate
to the chaplain that the court considers
rules
committedplt
asheieouar
and
dt
puaer
tai da
a grave error in disregarding
strictestminis tr ati attentionon of n
justice
hai cuhd
treatment of the prisoners."

The -Grand Juries having been sworn,
Mr. Justice Crampton addressed the County Grand
Jury on the above subject in the following terms :
Mr. Foreman and Gentlemen of the Grand Jury of
the County of. Dublin,—The calendar of county of-
fences is small in point of number, and, and, with one
exception, does not appear to show any case of an un-
usual or extraordinary character. There is, however,
one case appearing on the face of the calendar on which
I feel it my duty to make to you some preliminary ob-
servations—l allude to the case of a bill which will be
sent before you, charging certain individuals with a
transaction of a very painful, profane, and, I might add,
blasphemous character. The case to which I allude is a
case in which certain individuals are charged with de•
vising and intending to bring the Holy Scriptures of
God—in the authorised version, as it is called—into
hatred and contempt among the people of this kingdom,
and in pursuance of that intention profanely and blasphe-
mously, in the presence of divers of her Majesty's sub-
jects, with a view to the utser destruction of a Bible—a
printed copy of a Bible in the English language, and in
the authorised version—cast, and procured it to be cast
and throw❑ into the fire, whereby that copy was
burned and destroyed. Gentlemen of the jury, there
can be no doubt that if a transaction of this description be
established in evidence before you, that the individuals
charged are guilty of a serioue offence. That the Chris-
tian religion is part of the law of Enrlarid, and therefore
of Ireland, is a well-known principle. The doctrine is
established by numerous cases and authorities from the
earliest period to the present time. I shall refer to two
only of those authorities— one an early case, and the
other a late one. The early case is that of the " King v.
Wolsden," in 2d Strange'e reports. The defendant there
bad been convicted on an information for blasphemous
discourses on the miracles of our Saviour ; and he at-
tempted then to move in arrest of judgment ; and the
Court of Queen's Bench in England, referring to several
cases which bad been decided, declared that they would
not suffer it to be debated " whether to write against
Christianity in general was not an offence punishable in
the temporal courts of common law"—they would not
even suffer it to be debated. They desired, however,
that it might be taken noticeof that they laid their stress
on the word "general"—that they did not intend to in-
clude disputes and differences between learned men on
particular points. A very rational distinction, no doubt,
and sound judgment, which has since been followed. The
late case to which I refer is the case of the "King v.
Wadsly," in Barnewall and Cresswell's reports. There
the publication was one impugning the authenticity of
the Scriptures, and stating that our Saviour Jesus Christ
was an impostor, and that was held to be a libel ; and
Chief Justice Abbott, afterwards Lord Tenterden, in an-
swer to a question from the jury, stated that a work
speaking of Christianity in the language of the publica-
tion was a libel, Christianity being part of the law of
the land. The other judges concurred with the Chief
Justice, and Judge Best, afterwards the Chief Justice
of the Common Pleas in England, added " that the pub-
lication was a libel by the common law, and the Legis-
lature never had altered that law, nor can it ever be so
done," said he, " while the Christian religion is consi-
dered to be the basis of that law." We may thank God
that no legislature has ever interfered up to this time
with that great principle—that the Holy Scriptures of
God are the basis and foundation of the common law of
this free land. It must, however, be here understood
that the Christianity which happily forms the basis of
our common law is not of sectarian or denominational
character, but is a general and common Christianity, in
which all professing Christians that acknowledge the
Divine character and, mission of our Lord Jesus Christ
join. The foundation of this general or common Chris-
tianity is the revealed Word of God—the Holy Scrip-
tures; and as it is an offence against God and religion,
and a misdemeanour at common law, to write onto
speak blasphemy against the Almighty, denying His
being, His providence or character, or to use contume-
lious reproach on cur Saviour Jesus Christ, so all persons
scoffing at the Holy Scriptures, or wilfully exposing
the Bible to contempt or ridicule, are guilty of an
,of-
fence punishable at cAnmon law by fine and imprison-
ment. It matters not, allow me to say, in this point of
view, whether the book held up to public scorn—if such
be the fact—be- a Hebrew, Greek, Latin, or English
Bible—whether it be the authorised version—as the
version of the Church of England is commonly called,
or the Dewey version, or any other translation, if the
object be to hold up the volume to public execration. The
result is the same in point of law. The parties guilty of
such profane scoffing of God's Holy Word are guilty ofan
indictable offence—a misdemeanour at common law,
I need not speak to men of your knowledge of the inde-
cency and sinfulness of such profaneness as I have de-
scribed. But sitting here as a judge to interpret and
administer the law, and being so far a guardian of the
laws and constitution of the realm, I cannot but admire
the wisdom of the principle to which I have referred, and
observe what mischievous consequences would result from
suffering those principles to be destroyed or impugned. I
would say, using the words of the great and good Lord
Hale, that " to say religion is a cheat is to dissolve
all those obligations whereby our civil rights are pre-
served. Christianity is parcel of the laws of E❑gland,
and therefore to reproach the Christian religion (and
that we all know is to be found in the Bible) is to speak
in subversion of the law it ielf." For consider this— in
this country the administration of justice, civil and cri-
minal, is based upon the truths of the Christian reli-
gion, and on the reverence in which the Holy Scriptures
or the Word of God is held. Every witness in every
cause, in this and every other court, with some statut-
able exceptions, is solemnly sworn on the Holy Gospels
of God to tell the truth in his evidence. Every petty
jury is sworn in like manner to fled a true verdict ac-
cording to the evidence before Mein. Every grand jury
is likewise sworn on the same holy book to find and pre-
sent, according to the truth, without fear, favour, or
affection. And I may add, that there are few public
offices in the realm from that filled by our gra-
cious Sovereign herself, down to that occupied
by the humblest bailiff or attendant in the courts—
whose duties are not secured and fortified by the
sanction of an oath taken on that holy book. But,
gentlemen, if the veneration of the people for that sacred
book on which our witnesses, officers, and juries are
sworn—if that veneration be removed, and contempt
and hatred for the word of God is substituted for it, then
what becomes of the sanctity of an oath ? The sacred
obligation is at once dissolved, the form becomes a mere
mockery, and the whole system of our judicature is sub-
verted. It will happen, no doubt, gentlemen of the
jury, that ignorant and bigotted persons—and those
whom I may call trading politicians—may in this re-
spect make distinctions between the authorised version
of the Bible and that which is sanctioned by the heads
cf the Roman Catholic Church—and while they profess
to venerate the one they hold up the other to public
scorn and contempt ; but such distinctions are as weak
as they are wicked. Errors there are in perhaps every
transiation—for what is there with which the hand of
man is mingled that is free from the taint of human in-
firmity ! Learned men and theologians of different
schools may contend for the superior fidelity of their
own translation, while they detect the errors of other
versions, but every honest and well-informed Christian
must know that the different versions of the Bible—dif-
fering as they do in minor and less important matters—
are all still the word of God. The great truths of the
Christian faith are in all, and each contains in substance
the same fundamental truths of Christian doctrine.
While, then, the enlightened Christians will in those im-
portant matters pursue their own conscientious convic-
tions, giving no unnecssary offence to others, let the
ignorant, the fanatic, and turbulent, of whatsoever deno-
mination they may be, take warning, and• learn that
whosoever will dare publicly to vilify and dishonour the
Bible, whether the volume so abused be the Douay, or
the authorised version of the Established Church, such
persons equally dishonour Almighty God, and commit a
serious offence against the law of the land, and for
which they are punishable by fine and imprisonment.
Let us hope that the period of intolerance, which has
had a hing reign, is fast passing away, and that mutual
forbearance and Christian charity will take its place, and
be once more the badge and characteristic of the true
believer. With these observations, gentlemen, this case
comes before You as any other. You will examine the
witnesses that will be produced before you on the part
of the crown. You will inquire, first, was there such a
public, wilful burning of the Bible or New Testament as
is alleged in the bill of indictment which will go up be-
fore you ! And, secondly, you will inquire whether the
parties charged, and who traverse thi-, were parties to,
or privy to, this transaction, by commanding, by aiding,
by sustaining, or countenancing the act ? And, thirdly,
you will inquire, was it intended thereby to hold up the
said copy to scorn ? If you are satisfied by the evidence
that there was such a public burning of the Book of God,
and the defendants were parties or privy to the act,
thereby intending to hold up the holy book to scorn and
contempt—and it would certainly be difficult to discover
any other intention in such an unseemly action—then
you shall find the bills, and send the traversers to trial
before a petty jury. If, on the other hand, yea should
not be so satisfied, you shall then ignore the bills. Gen-
tlemen of the jury, I have now laid before you what
occurs to me and my learned brother to be important to
lay down as the principle by which your finding shall
be guided on the present occasion ; not that I for one
moment suppose that you are ignorant of those prin-
ciples, or that you would act on any other than those
,to which I have referred, but because I think it
publicly useful that all persons of all parties and deno-
minations should be led to the consideration of those
principles, and should learn and know that any viola-
tion of that honour and reverence in which the Holy
Scriptures in this country have been held, and should
be held, is not only a dishonour of Almighty God, but
is what many persons may not know, a violation of the
law of the land, for which they may be made answer-
able before a jury of their country. I shall say nothing
further.
The grand jury then retired, and at a subsequent hour
returned into court with true bills of indictment against
Father P. etcllerins and John Hamilton.
Both traversers then appeared at the bar, and having
pleaded " Not guilty," the trial was fixed for Friday.

-Tice jury, after some deliberation, returned a verdict
of "Not Guilty."
The prisoner was then charged upon a second indict-
ment with committing two assaults, one upon Mary
Jackson, and another upon Elizabeth Hawkins Knight.
The facts deposed to in this case were the same as in
the last, the only additional evidence being that of a lady
named Knight, who deposed that on the same day upon
which the former occurrence took place, at an earlier
hour, she was walking on Duppes'-hill, Croydon, a rather
retired spot, when she observed the prisoner, who
walked after her for some distance, and then suddenly
stopped. She shortly afterwards received some infortna•
tion which induced her to examine her clothes, and she
found they were wetted by some oily liquid, which had
burned holes in several places. The prisoner, it ap-
peared, was an entire stranger to her, and she did not
recollect •to have ever seen him before.

STOCK EXOHANGE.—The tone of the market was very'
fair to-day, and not under yesterday's prises. Caledonian,
284 4—Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, 234 j
Lancashire and Yorkshire, 77j j j—Eastern Counties, 8.1
Great Western, 50 —Ditto, Chester Pref., 16—London
and North Western, 94j j Dutch Rhenish, j d.—
South Eastern, 17j—North British, 71 f—Midlands,

BIRMINGHAM, DEo. 6.
'
STOOK EXCHANGE.—The tone of the market has been
again firmer to-day, but business limited. Great Western
Stour Valley Guaranteed Stock, 53i—London and North•
Westerns, 91.

The jury in this case, without any hesitation, returned
a verdict of guilty.

MANCHESTER, DEC. 6.
STOCK EXCRANGE.—The market to-day has been rather
active, but prices closed rather weaker. Midland, 641
Dovers, 17 7-16—Leeds. 77$—Great Western, 5
Caled onian , 284 East Lancashire, 17 7-16— Easters
Counties, 81—London Stock, 94L—Dutch Rhenish, 4 d.

BURYING A WHOLE PARISH.—The sexton of Cullomp-
ton, in Devonshire, who died a few days since, had
buried upa ards of 4,000 persons, while the population
of the town is only 3,655. It is said that the sextonship
had been in his family for a period of 200 years.—Leeds
Mercury.

-
The learned judge, in passing sentence, said that the
jury had probably only done right on the former charge
in acquitting the prisoner of intending to do bodily
harm, and that they imagined that he only intended to
destroy the clothes of the young lady who was the prose-
cutrix in that case. That Was, in itself, however, a very
wicked and brutal act, and he could not imagine what
gratification it could afford to the person who was guilty
of it In the present case the prisoner had been most
properly convicted of an assault, and he was only sorry
that he had no power to inflict a, greater punishment than
imprisonment, and that he was prevented from adding
hard labour. He then sentenced the prisoner to nine
months' imprisonment.

We have had a beautiful seed time, says the Eastern
Counties Herald, and, excepting patches of land from
which the turnips are not yet cleared, the work may be
considered as nearly completed. Early sown wheat has
come up with a beautiful blade, and the
that can be desired. aspect is all

L~I

. ~: