The National Register.
London, England, 1819-01-10 00:00:00

BULLION.

A century since. in Janoary 1718, the Lords Com-
nfssioncrs of 'l'mle TO flantatimis were directed to
lay beNire the House of Commens, " the Aceonnts Of
exported to foreign parts, from 1698 to 1715,
distinguishing to what parts such Bullion had been ex-
ported, with their observations thereupon."
At this dime, t,v), several old l'reatimes were revived,
aad new ones published, relative to geld and silver.
cidestvouring to develop: and esnose " the real cause
of the present scarcity of gold and silver coin, tke." and
wtth the purpose of giving "irite information, to those
in authority, of the real stnte of the case."

It wits then proposed to prohibit the exportation of
lel Bullion, and that all should be coined of a certain
staf.dard„ with freo liberty to export such coin, and also
wrought platt.•.
At that period the par of silver with gold was much
above the present; to the East Indies and in China 14s.
sofsilvc.r were equal to u guinea of gold.
In 17 itg, silver was at ss. 94 an oz. and at 3s. 11a.
The exportation of silver to the East Indies was much
thought of as injurious and a principal cause of the
itvareity, supposing it to go to purchase chintz and ca-
licoes, coffee, tea, china, and japan ware; all then
called ",foreign *vet:flotilla."
Sir Isaac Newton's Report, of n short time preceding
this date, was referred to: 1.1 nn. of silver were reck-
oned to be the equivalent of one ounce of gold ; and
they were disposed to consider silver as the standard of
vilue, and gold as tnerebandize only, and its price re-
lathe to silver variable, as it has ever been.
The 20s. pieces of gold, coined by Charles I. were
become worth 235. (id. gold having advanced 7 per
-cent.

Guineas, first coined at the restoration, at 20s. had
risen to 218. 6t1.; but this tide was then turning,
through a scarcity felt of silver, and as increased value
in exchange with gold east of the Cape of Good Hope,
and by the gold mines of Brazil increasing their pm-
ducts, while those of silver in Spanish South Anwrica
ha.) lid len ofi
. O. the 21st of September. 1717, Sir Isaac Newton
presented his tern, in which he stated, that in China
and Japan, a pound of gold being worth but iOlh. of
silver, and in Hindustan but 12, was a cause of the
drain of silver from all Europe.
In Spain ilh. of gold was then worth 161 b. of silver ;
the current of silver therefore flowed from Peru, through
Spain and Britain, to the eastern regions.
The price of exportable silver bullion was at that
time (1717-8) 2d. to 3d. an oa. higher than that of
our silver in coin, which caused themselting or export
of the current coin. A proclamation at this time at-
tempted to reduce the value of gold, by ordering no
snore than 21a. in silver to be given for a guinea ; but
the effect produced by this, did not answer to the ex-
poet atinns formed of it.
In the House of Lords,en the 28d of January, 1718,
the' scarcity of silver money was attributed by Earl
Stanhope—to the increasing luxury of silver plate—to
the exports to the East Indies and to clandestine ex-
portation to" the Continent. In the year 1717, the
East India Company had exported 3,000,000 ors. of
silver, more than all the imports of that year. The
Lords could do nothing in the matter, but " pass a
Bill" to prevent the " melting down of the silver
species." Their Lordships might with as much eflixt
have passed another Bill, to prevent the raising up of
the Iceman species.
The current of the precious metals has for some time
past sot strongly towards Russia, whither they arc gone
Colon London, Holland, Paris, Hamburgh, and Ber-
lin, in great quantities, to the Imperial Mint at Pe-'
tersbusgh, with a profit very encouraging on this tran-
sit to all who have been engaged in the practice.

United State Papers to the 11th ult have been
reached. Among the further documents communicated
to Congress by the Pjesident, is a detailed Report of
the trial of Arbuthnot and Ambrister. It appears from
the conclusion of the proceedings in the case of the
latter, that the court decided he should be shot, but
afterwards co•isidered and revoked the decision, and
ordered that ho should rc sive stripes cm his bare back,
and be confined, with a ball and chain, to hard labour
for 12 calendar months. General Jackson censured
the second, and approved the first, 'and ordered both
prisoners to be executed without delay. If implicit
credit were to attach to the assertions of The National
Intelligrneer, a Commercial Treaty has been actually
concluded between Great Britain and the United States,
and The New York Gazette acids, that it is to last ten
years. The time assigned for bringing the treaty to a
termination, the 20th of October, renders the
genre highly improbable, as it was positively announced
by the President in his NJ essagc on the opening of
Congress, that the Treaty was then, the 16th of No.
Temi,er, ander pending negociation.

The price of gr.lin continues to fall in most of the
departments of France, and the Government has in
eon:kquence been calied upon to allow it to be exported.
A similar fall has taken place in Cie/many.

r" THE NATIONAL REGTsTEit

THE REVENUE.

OFFICIAL sT ATM! ENT.

Mottract of the Not l*rioliire of the Reveette of Groat
Britain, for ll'. Quarter. osirlitt sth Juts. ISIS and Is 111.
respectively, exelo..ivr stienr of 11•ar *Dite.es:-
Ist& IRIS.
Custer:ls • .E.3.0!7,6,21 2,465.654
Exen, - - N. 499.611 6/23K.A$E1
s,amps - 1.566.53: 1,5.71.55 e
fast ()inv. . . 319,0tt0 • 31.9,0rx1
Aresied 'rases - • 24600)17 2.503478
Lind Tr.ses - 333.614 40t1,566
Nliballancotts - • "2.5.5.318 135.381

Z. 13,471.764 13.3911,:61
The above is a cheering •talemen', upon which we take
leave to rilllgf 011114 Ille
CI.STOSP4.-11 appear.. epnit the compsialive view of the
Cit,tn tr.'. Revenue for the two cut r•••;condine Quartcri, that
thi re has been a less receipt in the Quarter just expired than
in the enrrespontbne Warier last year; but that Quartet
Wa• swelled by an anticipated pasnient mum sugar ditties to
Or amount of shoot 700,0001., which would otherwise not
have lice" p.tid till the next or the following Quartcr.
title, thesefore, thi%
.141.1.t1y Ists. the rteript of the Quarter ended on Tin:inlay
%rid exceed th it (tithe col re•pooditt;t Quarte r.
Exeisk.—The hie rase in the Quartrt just expired beyond
the e.arevpnti.ling Q... 111 tar, in 7.04,36E1.

STANlP.:—Underliek 11;41 tho:r.• Is a deereate, but to a
very trilling ailment —shoo: 311,0001.
POST OFFI4E.-118 fcry;itt of the two fin:Wets iv exactly
the •:tmc.

A.sE..sigo TAXER.—There is all inereamr of 13,7611. be-
yowl llir Corrtsposolirg Qoar.
L %NO TAX Vi.—Ao Hurtease .151,1621. bed and the Quarter
Inst year.

NI ISC ELI.4IIk SOCB.—Euseter this bead their is a difference
of above 120,0001. hi favour of the eon espondine quarter
last year, butt this is to be &tuatara to a large repayment of
inquest moues..
The akho.e Quarter psc.ents an eNCI,II of 126,9911. beyond
the Revenue of the earl spontlim; Llaarter last •ar, uhieh
was dtrllMr 11 4 very productive oily, and ultieb, if we recol-
lect right, alto tied an opportunity for indulging some predie.
nuns by Bin means favourable to Use Quarter just ended—
how well ihry have liet.u.veriti...ll me new .how. . .

Th.• ticticieiscy iq this (anal tcr, ar srpeat (this being
the large balk:.estiN payinrin of tliviitystils), is about
pii; much l.•+s than w•.t• anticipated.

. _ .
• This suns include: between 600,000/. and 700,0001. paid np in
anticipation of the sugar duties, which would not, in the ordinary
cour.e of payment, have been reeeie..il till the next, or the following
quart..t. The NI iseellantous also includes a large incitl.nt LI repay-
ment of iiiipzeaz. money.

Si ov LAP Disco e n . rite Nurencierz Ca recspoadiwt of
the 2911 i Ull, gives the folroa mg as a11.111.1111c :—" A hat
maker, of Cassel, stained Maillieli. has discovered a method
of manor:it:toting fell so 55 to make it impenetrable to the
stioke of a sabre in the hatuls t the strongest cuirassier, and
even to a ninsket..l,all. This fact has been proved by minter-
-01111 trial*. Ile offered to discover the secret to ant Govern-
ment fur a suitable recompence, but no aural ion was paikl
to it. A report of this invention, however, leached St.
Petersburg, and Mr. Maitlich was invited to present himself
to the Emperor of Rus*iii at Ais-la.Chapelle. The Russian
Generals being satisfied if the truth of his assertions, he has
been invited to establish in Russia a mairufactory of this
felt upon the moat liberal terms."
A COMMON Scut") l— Mary was lately tried b. fo.st
the Raitiar re City Cowl, on an indictment as a Co 1.... n.
Scold! The Jury, after a consultation of an hour and a half,
returned their verdict of Gniity.—The punishment for a
" COIIIIIIOII Scold," agreeably to the law of Daltiasure, is a
puhiie siockiug !
SI A 534411 Y JUSTICF.—It is stated in The American Village
Reeord,r, that a pedlar at Easton was discovered to have
tau negro children in his cart. On examination, one of
the little sufferers was fonnd to have been clammed in. in
such a manner, that his ear was rubbed off! The people
indignantly rose and cut off the fellow's ear.—" I ant no
advocate," adds ;/'he Recorder," for the violation of the laws,
but from my heart I can't feel sorry for him!"
The writer of a letter town Port Jackson, (New Smith
%Vales) lately received at Plynumtli-Jock, says=" The work
here is not hard ; the hours are flora six to three. Rich
mid poor ran do much better here than in England ; the
enmity abound* in fiuit ; peaches Id. per dozen; meat 7d.
per lb.; wheat 6*. per bushel; fouls (alive) 2s. bd. per
couple. The hulls are so al dant that *wine are fed on
then,. New South Wales holds out stieli advantages to pei •
suns of industry and character, that I shall never think of
returning to England. Plenty offish here, bait none of them
resemble the fish of England, except the mullet anti bream.

" The river Ilawkesbury is broader than Hamotize, and
sometimes rises tu or 50 feet, overflowing all its bank.. A
Late inundation has been productive of cousideriae mischief
to the harvest. It is dreadful to a contemplative mind to
observe the distress of Mob *eses here, in one of the finest
spots on the globe. arising from the abominable practice of
drinking rem to excess, to obtain which no means are left
untried. NO man's house is safe ; you are sure of it wing
your premiers rubbed, unless a person is left in them as a
guard during your absence. The Methodist connexion, of
which I am a member. is very small; Mr. Lee is the preacher,
iievery pious, good man. Sunday-sehouls are established, as
well as a school wherein 40 girls are clothed and supported.
The Governor of this place, and his lady, are both from
Devon.Jslre. A panty has lately been despatched across the
Blue Mountains to explore the country, but no news his
arrived from thesis for their two niontlis. When the trews of
Use death of the Princess Charlotte arrived here, the gun..
batteries at Port Philip, &r. fired minute guns, and the bells
tiled an hour at sun-rise and sun-set. The gentry attended
the Governor to church in deep =lining, &c."
In the village of Kat.clianonka, in she district of Liskinsh,
in Russia, a peasant woman was lately delivered of a child,
having four hands and four feet. Its body, from the bream,.
was divided into two parts joined to each other. The
was baptized, and lived two days: the mother was in lIIIU
danger whatever. In purulence of a Jaw of Peter L, !da-
tive to these kind of phenomena, the body was sent to Pe.
iersburgh, to be deposited in the cabinet of *the Imperial
A radomy of Sciences.
A Jewish merchant from Hambingh having recently, in a
ht of melancholy, cut his throat at an inn in Frankfort, they
were going, according to the ii.age of the City, to give his
body to a Theatre of Anatomy ; but the Hebrew Community
porelia,cd it fun 3000 ilorius., in order to bury It in limit own
stint:try.

JAN 10 •

LAW INTELLIGENCE.

COURT OF KINON BEN( 11, J T.
NUNN AND OTIILUI, ASSIGNEE.; Or 81.:NAUN AND DUN,.

V. FARQUHAR.

This was an action up i the ease far been It of worrantry in the
performance of a omtrr.et. for the purent,e of pipes of Red
Spanish Wine. warranted by eir defendant to be go oil and merchant.
able, but which turned out k be sour and unmerehantebl. • whereby
the pintitit% hen, upon the re•slle of the 'pod; 1,5471'. Eta. 44.
The eircums:ar,ces of the cue. as stated by Mr. iilarryat, and sus-
'Aired in evidence, were wc follow :

atessr.. Benson. Barn and Co. went Wine Merchants. residing
Landon, and were in the habit of supplying wine for the eras of his
lieleaty's Army and Navy, great part of which was procur d roan
Spain. In the year 1809 the plantiA et:sok:yea the 4.er:tidied, then
residing in Gibraltar, as their aost, pnrchas.: Catalonian sad
other Spanish wines ; and ns at that tint • great part of Spain was
occupied by Peewit troops, who were evending e try where. and
were appmatt.ing Catalonia. it was appashended th..t the usual sup•
ply from that province to Englar.d would be cut otir: Considerable
numbers of Spaniards. who Were rwolnietors of vineyards, had token
refuge in the garrison of Gibraltar ; and th- plaintiffs, desirous of
purchasing to much wine and brandy as could he obtained frcat
Spain et the time, as a (-onside-able advattee in the prices was ap.
prehended front the eitetimstances rebore ronitioned, wrote b,
dtfendant, and cmatnisstoned him to pi:etas:to the amount of 3 or
tioo teas of mini ,•nil merchantable w:,wr and b-emlivs. on the best
(MIS hecogalil tffct. and ship them as rapidly as possible for England;
directing. Lim ut tl.e sone time to send thtnt m tow ta,ks, to lour
s•weral hlitior al hoops .3f iron on each, and to have the wines forti-
fied with brandy. wt they were not Illy light or tints wines, to cause
them to keep on th voyage. o. ring at the same tint: to the defend-
ant, that if he e mid bat undertake rite commission, he was to hand
it ova to another penem. The defendant :weepteil the commission
ar.d engxred to ItiNl it ; and wrote to the plantiffs, sta•ing that be
would take a shase in the Adventure if the consigmnent should land
'l'o this the plentiffs answ:ne 1, by stating it was better fsr him to re..t
content with his omunission. as it was not worth while to confuse
atavisms fur the sake of the small profits that m:.aht acerac from
the small glare he proposed t. take in the adventure, but desiring
him to do the best he could. promising they should always be
satisfied with what he should do for them. and leaving him at
Rill discretion to art for their interests to the best of his power. The
defendant aceordiroly purchased and marigned to them on beard the
sit;p Proteus, glio pipes, and .T:4 hogsheads of Catalonian wine, which
he stated to be good and merchantable, and which he invoiced at
V 751. IF. Stl. being 561, per pipe; and the charges of plimage,Creight,
and other costs. sutinunte Ito 11311 lya. 24. But on the arrlvz of
the Protean,. the Clll7O of which the plaintiff had mid while on her
voyage, the wine was so very inferior, being pricked and untrarchant-
able, the purchasers refused to take it, and they were obliged to all it
for exportation to fikaath America. at 151. per pipe ; although they
had accepted and paid the drafts of the defendant to the full amount
already stated. The wine was in old casks, great quantity was in Don.
sequence lust by leakage, anti the qatility injureul by the consequent
tillage: neither OM it appear that it was suffeiently fortified with
brandy for the vo!age, as directed ; and th.-ry was Avery .e!son to be-
lieve. that the wir.e was, at rah aping. of a very inferior tqual:ty to
what was ordero I.y the plaintiffs, and warranted by the citfennant.
The house of Benson and, Co. had commenced a forting action against
the defendant far the Teepee: y of the loss thus sustained by his neg—
ligence, but became bank amt, and the assignees (of whom the present
plaintiff, a plainer in the house, was one) renewed the action fur the
benefit of the estate.

Mr. Seadett, for the defendant, contended. that the resent action
could not be maintained, inasmuch as the transactica. on which the
action was founded took place near ten years since, thereby the de.
fendant was prevented from bringing forward such evidence as could
have clearly proved, had it been brought to trial sooner, that there
was no negligence whatever on his part. and that he had faithfully
performed leis duty. Neither was it probable to it;fer any fdhurc on
his part. as I.e was a partner in the oentnre, and lutist be equally lia-
ble to loss with the plaintiff', in case of its failwe • and further, that
the bad quality of the wine was tilt to be imputed to any negligence
on his part, but to the failure of the vintage in the zut.cetiirg year.
which wee generally 1.4 J in Spain.
Mr. Justice If ulroyd summed up the eridence fee the Jury ; ob-
serving, that although the lapse of time since I•9e cr ieof tifii.n.ction
accrued was no bar to the action itself, still o long a (May my :t ne-
cessarily dcbae.the deiktidant of the opportunity of bringing for ward
many witnesses fur his defence, to disprove any negligence en his
part, and at chew dist he had performed his contract to the best of
his power. which must have afforded much more latistiwtory evidence
to a .luty that any thing he could now be able to adduce. His Lord-
ship then de fired them to couple this consideration with the whole of
the testimony. which he summed up accurately, and find a verdict to
the beat of their judgment.
The jary, without any delay, found for the defendant.

The following are the Rules which that highly esteemed
Judge Sir 311althew Hale, !let to himself at the entry into Ills
employment of a Judge (and which ate 'Vet d by Bil Lop
Bus ur tr, his histot ion, to have been copied from the osigival
under his awn hand);

"Things necessary to be continually had in remembrance.
1. That in the administration of Justice I am intru,ted fur God,
the King, and Country ; and thesefore,
S. That it be done-1. Uprightly. 2. Deliberately. 3. Reso-
lutely.
3. 'Mat I rest not upon my OWil untlen..tanding and strength, but
ithplore and rest upon the direction and stieng,th of Cod.
4. That in the execution of Justice, I catefully lay aside my own
passions, and nut give way to them, however pro eked.
5. That I be wholly intent upon the business 1 am about, remitt-
ing all other cares and thoughts as 11115c:401' able, ar.ci intc:rui tit
6. That I autf2r not myself to be prepossess,l with any judgintut
at all, till the whop business and both parties he heard.
7. That I never engage myself in the beginning of any cause,
but reserve myself unprejudiced till the whole be heard.
H. That in Inisine,s capital. though my nature prompt me to pity,
yet to consider that there is also a pay due to the country.
9. That I he not too rigid in matters purely eonsclentiour, a here
all the harm is diversity of judgment.
M. 'That 1 be not biassed with compassion to the poor, or favour
to the rich, in point of justice.
That popular, or Court applause, or distaste, have no infl
ence into any thing I do in point of distribution et' justice.
12. Not to be solicitous what men will say or think, so IC:11; as I
keep myself exactly according to the rule of Justice.
13. Ii in criminals it be a measuring cast, to incline to mercy and
acquittal.
14. In criminals that consist merely in words, a hen no more Farm
ensues, moderation is no injustice.
IS. In criminals of blued, if the fact b.: evident, severity is
justice.
IG. To abhor all private solicitations, of what kind soevcr, and ley
whomsoever, in matters depending.
11. To charge my servants—l. Not to interoose in any bittint ss
whatsoever. 2. Not to take more than their known fees. 3. Net
to give any undue precedence to causes. 4. Not to rector:me:A
Counsel. . • .

18. To be than and sparing at meals, that 1 may be the fluor for
business.

Some time elute a Moniengser to the India Board, • matt
ad aneed in year%, with a large family, bad the misfortune to
break Ins thigh ; Mr. Canning on beams of his calansity, g 4.
ucrouslj ;col Wan 50i.

JAN. It/

IMPORT.iNT bECISION.