The Sun.
London, England, 1855-05-31 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING-, MAY 1855

diplomatic capacity, and very frequent communi-
cations during that period with Prince de
METTERNICH. " From the first," he says, " I
was clearly of opinion that for England
or France to expoct that Austria would ever
make aggressive war against Russia was a palpable
delusion—in fact, that no Government with the
least political sagacity, judicious forecast, or prac-
tical capacity for administering the affairs of a
great nation or for conducting successfully a great
war, would for one hour entertain a belief in so
suic:dal a policy on the part of Austria." He,
then, as will be seen, proceeds to state that at
the same time he had " full confidence that the
Austrian Government would use the utmost, the
most laborious, the most wise efforts, as far as
negotiations, representation, and reason could
dictate, to obtain a just and honourable peace; and
knowing well, as I did, the condition of the several
states, the inhabitants, the populations, the manners,
languages, religious, traditions, hatreds, and sym-
pathies of the many nations which constitute the
Austrian empire, I should have been destitute of
ordinary perception and judgment if I entertained.
the belief that Austria could have done more than
her Government has done—that is, to render her
good offices in aid of the Western Powers and
Turkey, and to act when necessary on the defen-
sive, as she has done by her military occupation
of the Danubian
.provinces." Decided language
this the reader must admit, but not unbacked by
a show at least of proof. What a picture is

this :
"The Government of Austria and the Court must be
considered essentially German. The population of the
Empire amounted, according to the last census, to
37,500,000 in round numbers. Of these the Germans
are less than 7,500,000 ; while the Sclaves of all kinds
amount to 15,390,000 ; the Magyars to more than
6,000,000 ; the Italians to 5,600,000; Wallacks,
Rournans, Armenians, and Jews, to about 3,000,000.
They are all antagonistic in races, customs, traditions,
and hatreds. Those professing the Greek religion
amount to about 7,000,000 ; the Protestants to about
3,500,000 ; the Roman Catholics, including the Poles,
Italians, &c., to about 26,000,000 ; Jews, 800,000 ; Ar-
menians, and others, complete the remainder."
With a country composed of such inflammable
materials, and under obligation to Russia for her
interference in Hungary, Mr. MACGREGOR argues
that a declaration of war against that Power
would be speedily followed by a successful appeal
by the CZAR to the Magyars and to all the Sclave
nations, wherever scattered, and to the Italians
in Lombardy, Venetia, and the Friuli, to " arise'
and " declare their independence and freedom,"
with the promise that he would be their
defender ; the result of which would be
the dismemberment of the Austrian Empire.
Such, our correspondent declares, is the common-
sense view of the real condition of Austria. And
a pitiable condition it is in any case ; for, on the
other hand, it is urged quite as confidently that
evils as great are likely to ensue from a persistence
in her present policy, and from a consideration of the

two horns of the dilemma, it may fairly be added,
goes to demonstrate the propriety of Austria being
dismembered. Sad fate when a country's defence
is an accusation that should be fatal. Austria,
so old a State, and yet so loosely bound together !
What miserable misgovernment is not implied !
However this may be, few will be dis-
posed to doubt the wisdom of the conclu-
sion to which Mr. MACGREGOR has arrived.
Let us expect nothing from Austria ; in other
words, give her up as a bad bargain. An insane
faith in her has been the primary cause of infinite
evil to the country. She never could help us at
a pinch, it appears, without injury to herself, and
she never did and never will like that. Let our
statesmen, then, be done with all faith in Austria,
and drop the curtain on the farce of negotiations
i at Vienna.

Negotiations cannot be successfully carried out

there. That must be done in the Crimea and on
the shores of the Baltic. Let every independent
member call this to his recollection on Monday,
and mark the sense his constituents entertain of
the conduct of Ministers who have so long deluded
the country with unwarranted hopes of peace from
such negotiations, by doing his best to turn them
out.

t. ST N tr,4l

TELEGRAPHIC DESPATCH

FRO3I

FIELD MARSHAL
LORD RAGLAN.

CAPTURE OF FIVE SHIPS
AND ONE HUNDRED GUNS.

WAR DEPARTMENT, MAY 31, 11.30 A.M.

Lord Panmure presents his compliments to the

Editor of 2'h Sun, and has great pleasure in
transmitting the enclosed intelligence, which has

this day reached him from Lord Raglan, dated

29th inst. :

Sir George Brown reports, on 28th inst., that

the trpops continued healthy ; that five vessels
laden with corn had run into Kertch, ignorant of
the place having been taken, and were captured. ;
and that the number of guns taken by the Allies
exceeds one hundred.

Matters continue much the same in the Crimea.

Troops healthy.

FRANCE.

PARIS, WEDNESDAY EVENING.
The following private telegraphic despatch have
been received here :

"MARSEILLES, 28th, Evening.—The camp of
reserve of 25,000, which is being formed by
General Vivian at Unkiar Skelessi, will be com-
posed of the Turco-English legion and of Turk-
ish regulars. The English officers will reside
in the Russian Palace of Buyuk Der& The
Austrian squadron, under the command of the
Archduke Ferdinand, is shortly expected to
arrive at Smyrna, after having first touched at
Greece. The Duke de Brabant is about to visit
the island of Crete, after which he will return to
Belgium. M. de Lessens, is about to return to
France from Egypt. The firman relative -to cut-
ting through the Isthmus of Suez has not yet been
published. Several arrests have lately taken
place in Greece, in consequence of the discovery of
a plot against the life of General Kalergi."
" MA.RsEILLEs, Alay 28.—The Simois has arrived
from Constantinople, with Gen. Monnet on board.
She brings news from that city to the 21st. General
Vivian was organising a camp of 25,000 men in
the plain of Unkiar-Skelessi. It will be composed
of the Turco-English Legion and of Turkish
Regulars. The English officers will reside in the
Russian palace of Buyuk Dare. The last news re-
ceived at Constantinople from the Crimea -was to
the 19th. Numerous reinforcements were arriv-
ing. The French were encamped at Kasatch and
Kamiesh. The Sardinian troops had disembarked
at Balaklava. Omer Pacha was expected with
25,000 men ; Sefer Bey had already arrived at
Kamiesh. Preparations were making for an ex-
pedition to the north of Sebastopol, the object of
which was to cut off the communications between
Sebastopol and the Russian camp. General Bouat
had returned to the Crimea."
The Debats says :

" The expedition to Kertcb, it is but just to remark,
was first conceived by General Canrobert, who had al-
ready embarked 12,000 men for that purpose, when a
despatch from Paris led to their return. General Pelis-
sier has now executed it with the co-operation of some
English forces, and the operation has completely suc-
ceeded. At the same time that the new General-in-
Chief is carrying the army forward, he is also pushing
on the siege works with vigour. As the combined
army of the three powers, including Tolley, nay be
now estimated without exaggeration at 180,000
fighting men, if not even at 200,000, from the rein-
forcements which are constantly arriving, there is every
reason to think that the campaign in the Crimea will soon
lead to sours of those great conflicts which exercise a deci-
sive influence on the progress of a war or on future policy."
A letter from before Sebastopol of the 15th, in
the Presse d'Orient, says :

" At the end of several councils of war held at head•
quarters between General Canrobert, Lord Raglan, Omer
Pacha, and General de la Marmora, it appears that a
determination has been come to to attack the Russians
outside Sebpstopol, and in the end to invest the town
completely: Everything tends to the idea that such iA
the plan adopted by the generals-in-chief; and the feel-
ing here is that no Letter one could be devised. The
operations will not, however, be without difficulty, for
the heiichts of the Tehernaya are tremendously fortified.
Omer Paella, it was determined, should leave without
delay for Eupatoria, and bring forward his troops
from that quarter, in order, in the first instance, to
make a diversion on that side, and afterwards to effect
a junction with the allied forceszoining from Sebastopol,
It appears that the reinforcements which the Russians
have received of late are far from being as considerable
as was stated. At the present time their nuwbers are
not perhaps very much superior to those of the &lies. It
is this very day, I understand, that Omer Pacha is to
take his departure from this place. During the last two
days the rain his completely ceased, and the weather is
magnificent. The general health is excellent."
A letter from Therapia of tho 17th, in the Moni-
teur, says :—" A contract has been entered into
between the Ottoman Government and M. Lionel
Osborn for the establishment of a submarine tele-
graph to unite the Dardanelles to Egypt."

BOURSE, MAY 30.—CLOSING PRIORS.
Cash. fr. c. End of Month.
4 per Cents 93 75 91 25e.
3 per Cents 69 70 61 90 •
Credit Mobilier BlO Roman
Credit Foncier 525 Austrian
Belgian Fives — Spanish Threes —
Piedmonteso B7 Home Debt 32
RAILWAYS-10R CASH.
fr. c. tr.
Orleans
Western 695 Rouen

Cette — Strasburg .
Mediterranean llB5 Havre 5BO

/iorthorn -

Cherburg

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA; May 20.—The Times correspondent
says no direct answer has yet been returned to the
despatches forwarded by this Government to
London and Paris on the 20th, but the language
employed by Lord John Russell in the House on
the 24th, and by Lord Palmerston on the following
evening, has produced a most unpleasant impression
here. Captain Webster, the British Cabinet mes-
senger, arrived yesterday evening from London, but.
it is evident that the despatches of which he was the
bearer did not refer to the Austrian propositions,
as the projected Conference has not been held to-
day. In some of my more recent letters it has been
said that it would not be advisable to agree to any
conditions proposed by Austria, unless she pre-
viously pledged herself to pursue a certain line of
conduct should they be rejected by the St. Peters-
burg Cabinet. When about a month since the
Austrian propositions were forwarded by the British
and French Ministers to London and Paris, their
acceptance was recommended by Lord John Russell
and M. Drouyn de l'Huys, because the Austrian
Government had entered into positive engagements
towards the Western Powers. The following per-
fectly reliable information has now been given me
on the subject. After the receipt of the Austrian
projects a direct application was made to Count
Buol, and lie was requested to state what would
be the policy of Austria if Russia should reject
her propositions after they had been accepted by
England and France. The reply was, that if Prince
Gortsclaakoff refused them at the Conference,
it would be considered a cases belli ; and, if the
St. Petersburg Cabinet confirmed the decisions of
its representative, Austria would declare war
against Russia. It was added, that in the decla-
ration then given the Minister for Foreign Affairs
expressed the opinions and intentions of his Im-
perial master. That French and British statesmen
should be desirous to secure the co-operation of
such a powerful military Power as Austria is natural
enough ; but it appears to me that they were
inclined to pay too high a price for it. Diplo-
matists still affect to believe that Russia would
have refused to agree to the Austrian project, but
lay observers think that the whole thing was " a
job," and express their astonishment that such an
experienced statesman as the British Minister for
the Colonies should be so singularly unsuspicious.
On the 22d 260 merchantmen were taking in
corn at Galatz, where the weather was rainy and
stormy.

The- demand for the precious metals was so great
on 'Change this morning, that gold rose and silver
1 per cent. London remained as yesterday, at
12f1. 90c. and 12f1. 20c.

MAY 27.
Loud complaints are made here that the British
and French Governments " have dis'played great
want of consideration towards Austria," but the
sequel will assuredly prove that they have acted
wisely in declining to take into further considera-
tion propositions once rejected.
The Donau, learns from its correspondent " in the
Kingdom of Poland" that in a very short time the
whole of the Imperial Guard will have entered
Poland from Lithuania. The two divisions of the
Grenadier Corps are already on their way to Vol-

hynia, and the cavalry which belongs to it, con-
sisting of two regiments of hussars and as many
of lancers, are preparing to follow. The arrival
of the Imperial Guard and the departure of the
Grenadier corps has caused a great sensation in
Poland, as the new measures are considered a proof
of the resolve of the new Sovereign to carry on the
war with all possible energy. is also related
that the Russian troops now lying in the Govern-
ment of Lublin are to be withdrawn from the
Austrian frontier and concentrated in Volhynia.