The Sun.
London, England, 1855-08-16 00:00:00

EvENING, AUGUST 16, 1855,

even of Galway ? All Scotland must lock to this.
The importance of the general examination cf
all candidates for the public service, as a mean,'
for improving the education of the country, was
clearly foreseen by the Rev. JAMES BOOT;
the incumbent of Wandsworth, And the pre-
sent Chairman of the Council of the Society of
Arts, and is stated by him iu a pamphlet, en-
titled, " Examination the Province of the State ;
or, Outlines of a Practical System for the Exten-
sion of National Education." This pamphlet is
highly deserving of the attention of Administra-
tive Reformers, as showing (from what will be to
most of them a new aspect) the additional im-
portance of the principle of public examinations as
a means for improving the educational institutions,
private as well as public, for tho middle as well as
the higher classes of society. In that pamphlet
ho adverts to the enormous difficulties which
parents of the middle classes, and indeed of all
classes, are placed in determining to what schools
they shall send their children, and the dreadful
quackeries to which they are subjected. He shows
that "Do-the-Boys-Halls " are still maintained--
that Charlatanism and humbug flourish, and that
in the commercial schools (many of whom now
prove, when examined, actually lower than na-
tional charity schools) puffing conduces more to
success than learning or painstaking skill. He
says :

" But, it may be asked, to what cause is this inferiority
due ? Several of those causes I have discussed at some
length in an essay published last year. I shall here do
no more than refer to the very limited requirements
of the majority of those engaged in middle-class schools
—their ignorance of the art they profess to practise--
their inferior social position—their inadequate re-
muneration—the want of an authoritative standard
to define precisely the essential constituent elements
of a sound and practical education—the gross
misapprehension of the public as to what those
elements should be, and, as a consequence, their habitsmf
interineddling and compelling the teacher (if dependent)
to yield to the whims of ignorant caprice, and to shAe
his course of- instrqctinn more in accordance with his in-
terest than his coanvictions. Quackery in medicine, and
charlatabisin in
~ eitiiAttion, generally spring from the same
iirc3, and are ,forted by the same cauies—the ignorance
of ,ati'unenlightenid,public, grasping at results without
,
any creai notion 'o4vell-defined appreciation of the moans
by which they cam 1:01 realised."
He points out the rouressive discontinuanco
of what may. be called lectorial tuition, and thp*
increasing use of various f4rms of examination
means as well, as tests_ of '''atta.innients. He has
anticipated 'a 'proposal of Air. CHADWICK'S, con-
firmed' by 'the results of the examinations for
school teacherships, and has proposed that the
governmental examinations should be so adapted
as to be opened to all comers as voluntary tests
of attainments for the open professions or for pri-
vate service. His statement of his views, is de-
serving of very great attention.

"The hope of obtainin, a qualification to hold at some
future time a Government or Muncipal appointment
would be only on'a of the inducements (and that not the
greatest) to rintl.ergo such an examination. Putting aside
the spirit of . emulation, the hope of distinction, and the
love of preese ; a first or second-class certificate, awarded
by such, a Board of Examiners, cotninandin,g by their posi-
tion and character the confidence and respect of the
pieblic, would directly confer no trivial advantages upon
I its possessor. He would be at once singled out from the
crowd, would be placed in no very unfavourable position
to start for the race of life; he would be sought after,
private employers and public companies would hasten to,
secure his services. Such proved talent and varied infor-
metion, vouched for by the certificates of her Majesty's
Examiners, would be found the most flattering testimo-
nial, the very best passport to lucrative employment. We
should thus see the system of inferring acquirements and
comp,tency, from private testimonials (so often exagge•
rated and illusory), done away with ; and the merits
of candidates for public 'appointments, testei by an
impartial, competent, and responsible tribunal. Thus,
though the hope of obtaining a Government appointment
of some sort, might be originally the primary inducement
to undergo sneh an examination,. yet it is quite possible,
and indeed all hot certain, that the Unforeseen secondary
seleantaees thence arising would come, in the course of
time, to outweigh so far the original motive that the ex-
amination would be sought for its inherent instead of its
con' ingent utility. •
"Best the advantages of such a public and official exa-
mination do not stop here. At no very distant time the
Royal eer',,lficete wool I be looked upon as a necessary
pre-reqteialte for any young man who should seek admis
eien into one of those industrial professions, which, at
'he pr,sent time, afford so many openings to industry and
talent The testimony of the Government Board would
hR hell as conclusive evi 'ence that the candidate had
acquired such en amount of general knowledge as would
empty qualify him to enter on the technical duties of his
future prefe.ssinn. We should, in a short time, behold the
venth of the middle classes with minds well stored, and
intellects devehmed taught to rely upon their own ever-
vies, diverging from this point, as from a common centre,
anti hearing with them into their new pursuits that stea-
diness of application, that force of will, that facility in
turning the well-trained faculties of the mind on an un-
tried subject, which previous exercise and the habitudes of
study can alone bestow.
"It is almest needless to observe, and would be alto-
gether so, were the calling of the schoolmaster reco3nised
as a legitimate profession, that the system here proposed
wenld in nn respect obviate the necessity of providing
Norm :1 Institutions,' or 'Colleges of Preceptors,' far
imparting a knowledge of the technical duties of the office
of schoolmaster. No one would suppose that such a system
of examinations could supply the place of that technical
instruction which the architect and the surgeon, the soli-
citor and the engineer, must, each for himself, seek under
the enidance of those who are skilled in these arts. So
also anus' the future schoolmaster repair to the Normal
inetitutioe, there to acquire a knowledge of the more
special duties of his ceiling. We see, too, how clearly and
nreeisely the duties of the Stele define and shape them-
selves upon this system. While it provides that the
general subeteaturn shall be solid end secure, it takes no
thought of the vet variety of structures which individual
choice, unchecked in its freedom of selection, may choose
to erect risen it.
"Another advantage that might be expected to arise
from the adoption of such a plan is, that, instead of ex-
citing its opposition, it would enlist the sympathies, of the
schoolmaster in its favour, and stimulate his exertions; it
would afford a spirit of' laudable emulation between the
schools of the same educational circuit. The proportion
ef candidates, coming from any given school, which
shoeld usually succeed in passing a successful ex-
emination before the Government Examiners would
become in the estimation of the public the test of
the quality of the education given there ; so that
instructors of youth would be appreciated by their
merits and the success of their pupils ; and not, as is `too
often the case, on other grounds far removed from educa-
tional qualifications. It must not be overlooked that
middle class schools labour under a great disadvantage in
this way: because the public cannot apply any test de-
serving the name of such, by which the progress of the
pupils, or the state of education in any gilten school, can
he ascertained. In this respect the public schools in con•
nection with the universities enjoy great advantages. If
the pupils of any such school habitually distinguish them•
selves, and succeed in taking honours at the universities,
the notice of the public is attracted to the school, its
pupils rapidly increase, and the exertions of those who
conduct it are rewarded. In the schools of the middle
classes, there being no such accurate test of proficiency, a
great temptation is held out to the practice of deception
in various forms.

Although such examiners could not directly interfere
in the business of education at particular schools, yet,
notwithstanding, the control of the education of the mid-
dle classes of the country would be indirectly placed in
their hands, precisely in the same way as the education
of the higher classes is dictated and ruled by the univer-
sities. For, having the power to appoint the modes and
übjects of examination, they would, of necessity, induce
a conformity to their rules and a sameness in the course
of study pursued by candidates for their certificates.
Thus, without trouble, without any direct interference
on the part of the Government, would be established
a uniform and regular system of education through-
int the middle classes, directed by a body of men of
high attainments and practical educational knowledge,
4cting under the sense of a weighty responsibility, de-
voting their whole time and undivided energies to the
due and conscientious discharge of the duties of their
trust. In this way, 60, would bo put an end to that per-
nicious tampering with education by. the public, to which
reference has been already made,aaiiitself an evil.
" Such a plan would do more to raise at once. and im-
mediately. the character of the education of the middle
classes than almost any other practicable scheme that
could be devised. It is one that would call for no pre-
'ions outlay, or tedious preliminary organisation • taking
the materials and tools already provided, it world operate
upon and by them—it would not impose the necessity
of building new schools, or founding colleges, or en-
dowing professorships, but, being applicable to the
-tchools and educational machinery already in existence,
would leave education in those hands in which it
found it. It would interfere with no vested rights,
,vhethor real or supposed. Co-operating with all, anta-
gonistic to none, it would neither provoke the hostility of
the bold, nor alarm the fears of the timid ; cautiously
•empecting the rights of conscience, and the religious feel-
ings of every class, it would neither excite theological
iealortsy, nor kindle the smouldering fires of sectarian
animosity. The Government—freely offering the same
advantages to all—presenting the same friendly aspect to
all alike, to Churchman and Dissenter—acting in unison
with existing schools and educational institutions, would
be welcomed rather as a valuable co-operator than viewed i
with suspicion and jealousy as an antagonist power."

We regret our want of space to cite illustra-
tions of the justice and importance of these views
of Dr. BOOTH.

THE OYSTER FfsHEurEs.--Yesterday a new act imps
issued for the more effectual execution of a convention
between Fiance and England. It is provided that oysters
and dredges found on hoard fishing vessels between the
British islands aid France are to be seized. Persons
offending in British vessels are to be liable to fine or im-
prigonment.

THE NEW ACT ON MILITIA OFFICERS' QUALIFICA-
TIONS —Yesterday the new act was issued to amend the
law concerning the qualifications of officers of the mi
litia. The qualifications now are—Colonel, COO/. a
year ; lieutenant-colonel, 4001. ; major, 300/. ; and cap-
tain, 2001. The qualifications are not to apply to the
oitry of igozdaa or to the City of Ediaburah

Viajestv has been ples,,ed to approve of the name
of his Ro.la! Highness thy- Duke of C,,rnwall heing an-
nounced as the patron of the C•trnwall Sail, n' H•inie.
The institution, ther,fore, will henceforth he oe.ivnat.
" The Royal Curuwali sailors' Hume."— Plymouth
Mail.

His Excellency the French ambassador gave a grand
banquet last evening, at the embassy, Albert-gate
House. Nearly all the foreign ministers were present.
The Counte4s of Zetland is still sojourning at the
Malvern Wells. The noble earl will receive a select
party during the race meeting, next week, at York.
The Earl and Countess of Bandon, Lady Harriet Ber-
nard, Lord and Lady Barnard, Lord and Lady Carberry,
it John and Lady Parke, Sir George and Lady Stwe,
the Hon. Charles Howard and son, and Baron A. D.
Berschiel have arrived at Cork.
A quantity of splendid fruit has been despatched to
the imperial palaces in Paris and its vicinity from South-
ampton, via Havre, for the use of the Emperor of
France's illustrious visitors, the Queen of England, the
Prince Con,ort, and suite.
Several of the Russian prisoners exchanged for French
officers have 'ately had an interview with the Emperor
of the French.
The Spanish Financial Commission have advertised
the 44th auction of the Foreign Redeemable Debt to
take plane at Madrid on the 31st inst., for which pur-
pose 375,000 reals have been assigned by the Govern-
ment.

CRYSTAL PALACE.—Return of admissions for six days
ending Aug. 11.—Number admitted, including season
ticket holders, 52,963. Amount received for admission,
2,791/. 12s.
PEMBROKE AND EAST CRINNIS MlNES.—Yesterday
a meeting of shareholders was held at the offices of the
company, Austinfriars ; Mr. J. S. Margetson in the
chair. The financial statement showed a balance in
favour of the company of 7001., and a balance of lia-
bi;ities over assets of 3381.
FESTIVAL OF THE THREE CHOIR!!.—The arrangement
for the holding of the triennial meeting of the choirs of
Worcest.r, Hereford, and Gloucester, at Hereford, next
week, are tow nearly completed,
THE AUSTRALIAN MAIL.—The Star of the East,
which sails on the 18th from the Mersey, will convey the
next mail. Letters will be received at the Liverpool
Post-office until one o'clock on that day, and half an hour
afterwards, on payment of the late fee.
LIVERPOOL TRIBUTE TO MR. M. T. BRINES.—The
Liverpool Select Vestry on Tuesday, at their usual meet-
ing, passed a resolution of thanks to Mr. M. T. Baines
for his uniform courtesy and attention to the interests
of Liverpool in regard to parochial matters during his
pr ei lency of the P-mr.law B )ard, and of regret at his
retirem, nt from that office.
Ti4,-leatirED LI t RILITY ACT.—An association, to be
Caped'tlf4 L-mdon, Manchester, and F, reign Warehouse
Crt4ipany, has been formed under the Limited Liability
Act to carryon the business of the old firm of Rogers,
Lowrey,_-EforYland. and Co., who were obliged, in con-
sequence of heavy losses•in Australia and the Cape of
Good',-TTOpe, to,suspend payment:inNaeuary last.
NorssrD' FET E' AT KNOWSLEY. —Th, Lancashire and
ChosliiF!' Institutional Association, consisting of 70
literary,and mechanics' institu+ions, and 15,000 rnetn-
jw, is to visit the seat of the Right Hon. the Earl of
'W,'Dt.Anowsley, near Liverpool, on Saturday next.
The rompanys,,Will iisit the pantings of old masters, the
gardens, and pleesure grounds, and Lord Stanley, M.P.,
who is to he present, will probalily deliver an address in
the course of the afternoon. -
STANFORD'S NEW GUIDE Ti) PARIS.—Vn 'er this title
M. E. Stanford, publisher. Charing-cross, has issued a
neat, concise, and portable l'andhook, accompanied by
two maps and a view of the Exhibition and the Champs
Eli s es, which may safely be recommended to all who
are_ about to pay a flying visit to Paris, and desire to
Procure a serviceable guide. Though concisely given,
the information is ample, and so arranged that any por-
tion is available in a m .ntent.
THE ATTACK ON SWEABORG.—MANCHESTER, Aug. 15.
—The news of the attack on Sweahorg by the allied fleet,,
with its resu'ts, has Produced great satisfaction here,
and we have had flags flying, with other demonstrations
of joy. Seeing how little our magnificent fleets had
accomplished in the present war heretofore, this proof
of its power was as necessary, perhaps, to reassure us
at borne that our ancient renown on the ocean could yet
be upheld as it was to teach a lesson to the e semy.
BRIGHTON, Wednesday Evening.—The news from

fore Sweaborg was hailed this morning with unbounded
satisfaction, as a proof that the disturber of Europa is
not altogether beyond the reach of punishment behind
bis own ha,tteries. Later in the day the official de-
spatches were closely scanned, and thought to hear out
the earlier report of the "destruction "of Sweabnrg. It
was remarked that the admirals do not state the effect of

their fire on the forts and batteries which, after all, con-
stitute Sweahorg a fortress. The langnage of Admiral
Dundas, representing the affair as a mortar and gun-boat
attack, seems to prove that the forts have not been bat-
tered, and gives to the operation the same character as
the bombardment of Odessa last year.
SUICIDE THROUGH DISTRESS —Yesterday morning a
respectable female committed sell-destruction, by drown-
ing herAielf in Limebouse-cut, Bromley. On the body
being• taken nut every assistance was rendered by a
medical gentleman who was sent for, and who endea-
veured t restore animation, but life was extinct. The
deceased female is described to be about 50 years of age,
dark clothing marked No 225, and five feet four inches
high. A shell having been proenr.d, the body was re-
moved to the Coventry Cross public-house, Bromley, to
be owned and the inquest held.

THE NEW TURKISH LOAN A CT.—Yesterday the act,
which received the Royal a'sent on Tuesday, was
printed, "To enable her Majesty to carry into effect a
convention made between her Majesty, his Majesty the
Emperor of the French, and his Imperial Majesty the
Sultan." There are three sections in the act. The loan
is 5,000,0001., at 4 per cent. Iltrl‘bjesty is empowered
to guarantee the interest to be charged on the Consoli•
dated Fund, and where sums are repaid as interest they
are to be carried to the same fund. The accounts relat-
ing to the loan are to be laid before Parliament. In
addition to the 4 per cent, the Porte is to pay one per
cent. per annum on the whole capital of five millions
by way of sinking fund.
EXTRACT OF A LFTTER FROM AN OFFICER, DATFID
CRIMEA, JULY 30.—1 n addition to the bigwigs already
gone home, I hear General Airey intends to go soon.
lie is now Sir R. Airey, K.C.8., and I suppose wishes
to repose on his laurels. It has a very odd appearance
so many leaving. Colonel Coilingwood Dick =on, who
was looked up to as one of our hest artillery officers, and
who speaks Turkish fluently, is gone to take charge of
powdermills at Waltham. Major Claremont, on special
service at the French head-quarters, gone home, though
perfectly well. Report says that Peli.sier snubs General
Simpson—consults him very little. What was he selected
for? lie is too gouty and infirm for any active move-
ments.

STATE OF TRADE.—The annual cessation of lace Inri-
ness in August is for the present about coinplet,?. There
is at all events no foreign business doing ; and the atten-
tion of our manufacturers is occupied in devising new
natterns and combinations to suit the approaching sca-
son. It will be about the 20th of September before
activity is resumed. Hosiery is still characterised by
inactivity ; but with prospects of considerable encour
a:7;ement, both from the fine weather, the good news,
and the relaxation of the pressure on the American
money market, where the prospects are becoming more
and more favourable as to future operations every mail.
Materials have been for some time very firm and are now
looking up—merinoes having experienced an advance,
and both raw and thrown silks likewise being dearer.—
Nottingh,amshire Guardian.
RACE BETWEEN JOHN LEVETT (OF BATTERSEA) AND
WILLIAM JACKSON (THE AMERICAN DEER) FOR 501.
On Monday, the race between these pedestrians, they
having to run ten miles for the above prize, came off as
announced, at the Green-hill Gardens, Norwich, the
meeting being numerously attended by those who take
an interest in this pastime. By five o'clock the comne•
titors, both looking in admirable condition, came to the
mark, the betting being 5 to 4 in favour of Jackson,
who had, according to the proviso, to be allowed a start
cf one hundred yards. On getting away, Jackson, at a
fine pace, took the lead, which he maintained till full
half the distance had been accomplished, when Levett,
in a rattling spurt, dashed in front and, despite the
efforts of his competitor, held the advanced position till
they had fairly entered upon the last mile, when the in-
domitable Jackson, who was still running gamely, again
challenged his opponent, and once more went ahead,
amidst the deafening cheers of his admirers. Jackson
ultimately won a highly exciting match, by something
like seventy yards. The men were much distressed with
the exertion they bad undergone, and stood greatly in
need of the ready assistance offered to them by their
attendants.

Loss OF LIFE ON WESTMINSTER-BRIDGE.—Last
night, between the hours of six and seven o'clock, an
accident of a fearful and extraordinary character took
place on Westminster-bridge, by which one person lost
his life, and several others were placed in jeopardy For
some time past about 300 men have been employed in
forming the foundation for the new Westminster-bridge,
and, in order to accomplish the work, diving bells were
used. These were lowered and lifted by means of what
are technically termed " traveliing purchases," consist-
ing of machinery capable of raising heavy substances.
The one which has unfortunately caused the accident
was so constructed that it could lift without the least
danger 16 tons weight, but at the moment of the occur-
rence, it is asserted by the clerk of the works, that there
was not more than six tons burden on the mach'ne.
From some cause, however, which cannot be clearly
ascertained, just as four men had bean drawn up in the
diving-bell, the pinion of the driving or travelling pur-
chase snapped asunder. In an instant the iron cog.
wheels of the machine burst asunder, and the cogs were
scattered completely across the carriage-road of the
bridge. One piece of the iron work, weighing probably
not more than a-quarter of a pound, struck a gentleman
who was pa-sing. The piece of iron entered his chest,
caused the blood to flow most copiously, and made him
fal to the ground. Several persons rushed to his assist,
nbut en lifting him up he appeared perfectly insem
asibele; He gas at once removed to Westminster Hoe.
vital and was seen by Dr. p'a'lace, and upon examining
the sufferer pronounced life quite extinct ; the chest was
completely broken in. Another man (one of the work-
men). was badly hurt, and he was also taken to the hos-
pital, where the wounds he had received were dressed
by Dr. Wallace, and nothing serious is apprehended.
His name is Wm. Clarke. He resides at No. 5, Maiden-
lane, and is about 35 years of age, and in hig pocket
was found about a pound in silver and a piece of paper,
en which was written in pencil the following :—" F.
Nicolls, No. 1, Victoria-place, I7nion-street, Borough."
Had it not been for the fortur ate circumstance of the
four men having the moment before the accident left the
diving bell they must unquestionably hav-.9 also lost
their lives. A strict investigation into the cause of the
accident will take elm before Mr. Bedford, the core.
tc-=or.-ow.

LATEST N EVVS.

VIENNA, AUG. 5'
CONSTANTINOPLE, Aug. 9._Omar Path
111
return to the Crimea.
The insurrection at Tripoli continues. •
Two Turkish regiments will be sent there.

AO.MADRID, 14. t
The government will reply in a moderate, tu
energetic manner to the Fapal allocution•
Tb
statement that Garibaldi and Mazzini had ar
untru
plied for permission to come to Spain iS to
In case they should do the government vi°
refuse their application.

THE SIEGE OF SEBASTOPO-A;
p)
CAMP OF THE FOURTH DIITI
BEFORE SEBABropoL, At?. rot
Rain, rain, and nothing but rain ill th's.ter of
damp and dreary of camps. I closed ply le` Dein
yesterday in a storm, and I commence this°, a
a deluge. A few tents that had bon blowlher
washed down had been re-erected, leaks alinidediedi
defects_ revealed by the rain had been re—onstr
Towards 10 o'clock another storm arose. 05
count, probably, of the bad weather there for
less firing than usual. Now and then thrle°„recer
cannon shots followed each other in or ";cor
sion, the rifles engaged in a brief and eagritoolr
versation, and shells by twos and threes fug
their leisurely and lofty flight skywards—'
like a little ball of flame, alternately aPPea",,,rve
vanishing, until with sudden dip, tilei r °voice
into trench or battery. Then came the deePockiog
ofth the thunder, rebuking the discord and 930.0ttecl
eavipltyindyurrinivgaltrhye
folifgmhtan.
and
iTnohreniruagin,
8103°10-.110
thehe' camp is a field of mud, in Pits c‘
morass. 0 at tb
One of the greatest curses of the It je
present moment is the multitude of D'"'
really d hot
an Egyptian plague. In every tents°
they
swarm iu myriads. There are ne 1)48. 5,
AtOsl it'
ellee„i
The news of the day_ is the recall 01 •
Gtei:ielainitreorh,btislesrptp.oesiiiNtiisosoinerc,avauasnsedawißskoawssgasruigdenl,eicilw;
hsuboiboulltrdbilolititeterit
ctceoh,rnoi:
liiteialieiraearnr.ied,ceeTd.
deadnht
The day
orainsf t
ihh,eaaftovcreoe broughtlepsieirna, ay B:hi getarelmtbildir,irised:
ut
preecTeetietiledt abut.):
sikvtelaffloefor -aNntie,h,wreacraets,htalaenniods
tihnnet.rca‘tprqte!rrtew:ll4
red
General Beutinck's tent. vs !re
•

dead
There, has been a good deal of ariAg
two nights. The night before last- the —corm
made a sortie, but were driven back.. s-leloe til°
away five yards of the chevaux ..-1P", " stroll°.
Worouzoff road. Their reserves were-verYttotiol
It is thought they desire to distract our 3,lWhiff
from the point they reads mean toefisiurt:s offil
some suppose to be the Cemetery.
{or
approaching attack on the Malakboiff
cirettlfr
various dates are conjectured, continue to
THE TURKISH AR-Dl'•

Tii. E CRIMEA. A0g.0004.
TURKISH CA5f" A Itil 0;
The apprehensions about an into:lde" 01)14
attack on the Tchernaya, which have be:oos
lent for the last week, are graduall9 :085:01
again. There seems really to have beeue-Tb. ,it
intention on the part of the RUSSIanS• ~,ber0,760
news about this projected attack on the ne 0010
was brought by a Russian deserter.
_,S;llOf ti),,
several other deserters have come, all tee,'"o
confirming the story. Among these dese-opyil:jl
sergeant, who had been employed as 3„e Gov:
the chancellery of one of the divisions '' el
Luders' corps.
According to his account, General Lu etbe hoe
had made all its preparations for foreleg the 0
tion on the Tehernaya, and it was nut edeatiojl
weather. which, as it was thought, ielPtsbe '‘
movement, but an order which arrived 11 e% 0
moment, and which countermanded tilev, A tiiy
e
tion until the arrival of General Paeillti";
expected with the corps of observation (3sll' ,bo'
bia, amounting to 70,000 men (on paPerreo of,;;;;
Besides the news relating to the advalit rgh
„-1 s,
corps of General Paniutia this same de3ereor
also other valuable scraps of information -b.
cog
bastopol. o°loolll
The first is, that the Russians are bi -„1 i 01
well provided with provisions in SebasteN o'oo
the soldiers' rations, which ought to be... 00 kf,
bread, have been reduced to 1 lb. The 'he tOt.r"ho'
spirits set veil out except to the men i11,,t,,,-0011;i1
and meat very rarely. The cause of ti'Tbevoici
says, is the want of means of transport. „polt`p.
plenty of everything at Perekop, Si inpito 0,0
even Bakshiserai, but the road from t'i clistkel•
bastopol is covered with the carcases looks of
animals. The greatest part of the bu'att for
lected in the south of the 0, imea for tre°7os,
vice have died off, from want of care it se" Os
the horses, he says, are in good conditi°ll:oodieled,
Yesterday evening the rumour was 0131—ci erroo
Turkish camp that a Turkish steamer ns}lls
from Eupatoria with the news that the Itu
attacked it. The story is not believed.

FRANCE.
Evie°l
PARIS, WEDNESDAY - GO- ore
The preparations for the arrival of th°,,ecille, to
England are actively continued. NV°r:lh- 0.600 °
engaged in making English and Torkl,io 110
unite with the French ones for the troP","odh the
club, whose windows look on, the`Beule,.-30
purchased 60 of them. At Boulogne-91.1,;e5sP„bil
preplratious are making with - qual eagert-ri001.0%
town is having constructed a gigaetied,eo/60)
arch oppo ite the Custom-house, wher°,7oooipo
will take place. The Northern Railw,,l,Jo
is erecting another at the terminus. -1-- t froitrib
of Boulogne will rival in decoration th8;001
Bourg. Ornaments for it are sent effave_,i't4
several times a day. The Emperor Ira' "io frigoir
on Friday at 1 o'clock for Boulogne„ leave
Queen Victoria. Their Majesties will
logne about one o'clock.
Intelligence has been received at rial°blivg
agl
Astracan, that the Turkomans are ifitlie
coasts of the Caspian and the banks °' ;beg'
Several vessels have been plundered by
iffr
THE PENINSULAR 3111"

siiibliproiTtaaaurg,dushfu.;
from
SOUTHAMPTON, -000 h ieli
By the Peninsular and Oriental hoe atig;
iCggaoupstta
11. in 4; Wceaedkisr,,le; ~i0:00„:4
Oporto, 10
The Tagus brings Vigo,
passel:lo,l'4i.; A 0„
freight 29 packages of specie, value 9,1:7 10;: 15'
tomatoes, 11 baskets of onions,
chests of lemons, 13 casks of wine, 1"f bid 4
3 bales e.es, 0 .
boxes of eggs, and 34 packages of aullfirl-lovg'n,
_ On the 12th inst., in lat. 441620 ":",:' 00 )..,,,-001
W., the Tagus exchanged colours wit ion Ykor
guese war-steamers Mindelo and..,,,', of aPt
the former having on board the -18-113; S'h'ii.iir
tugal. 14th. —Off u be 0 '6sl
fell in with
the Broderene, of about ''''''f t 'cler
shant, flan to ki
d 0 c 1 ,6
den, abandoned, coal-laden, suyP°l per steer
9 Al
andria, took her in tow, bhf "owing 1° oteo" bo-
head being carried away, could ul. $llO6
ship, and was obliged to cast her no
$1
ro9
been boarded and plundered of evelltivwbiePl fe
day signalled the English ship 3'l°bile'rd ell •
towed by the Tagus, with troops on boa , a
rty
quested to be reported. to the /1‘
The Tagus left Lisbon, just previous iii, 13flor
val of the mail steam-ship Avon tr°l3l,oa tf.obepac,
Few transactions had taken place 'Ligon jVI
hon exchange. A few takers appear° • --.10 114
at 54i for three months, and sonotl97o,33iovi;
done at 54g. Continental rates were bop Celt
530 on Paris ; Amsterdam, 43 • gate per 111
and Genoa, 527 ; Portuguese 'Tbreasio,tllo, I'7
Stock, 41i to 42 ; Bank of Portugaik SharooteS
to 110 milreis discount ; Oporto Ban 91.1 1
to 15 per cent. premium ; and Liab°ll O4 r
buill tY
1 per cent. discount.
public. ation rto.
Commercial-square and the
Lisbon were gaily decorated in autie,ll)o ofo9Ltelif
arrival of Don Pedro V. and the Dil%beitls,--00
The cholera, which had appeared litviittlo '
101
was reported to be disappearing, wit" i
life. Ole 01 etei
From Gibraltar we have dates to 08, pool
ing .-nct°
Captain M‘Lean and six men, f°1133 am- t
th, am-
of the brig Science, of Portsmou h five egi i
their vessel the 15th inst., Mt: off t 6
water in her hold, about It' mile shiPlici fogy
She was laden with iron °re' rt I'l3 toed
Rio Elba (Corsica), bound to IsTewPS t'5,011,,,54,
dered two hours after the crew 113" spa 91
boat
i;roritUolgo
boat, when they pull, d for Agui.i.e•-e! of AO-co Ott
safely on the beach. The autherit
place immediately put them in cici- 0 °4 0;10
1 f
they were in possession of a cOO • -00
kept them under guard fur threa lillaisi''
bigi -
&ma Elbe. - Oaftaia Maolo2 a'4°l-- -

he
°°-a5
gl(P'
bait

,bo
d

fr°°
rgtli
kifis
voo

10'
. .o
3 '2O
50r

a
:I‘.
se°ll
del

arrived
_
6 amer at
Algeciras on the sth ult. in the Spanish
,he Iberia Cid, came to G braltar, and embarked in
, packet for England.
The Briti .Iscrew steamer Sarnia, from London
faZilil3a4latkl,a;al, left Gibraltar on the 26th ult. The
With g
.r.ansPort Lord Raglan left for Bombay
k militia on the 26th ult. His Netherland
frerhjes,t.r.,B frigate Dogger arrived at Gibraltar
01.;'„,jsuia on the 29th ult., with the Prince of
li,oe oti board, on a visit to the town. The
Siam 0,,,74,1a0nd left for Portsmouth on the 28th. The
the trans-
the 0. von Arabia arrived on the 29th, also
Linpeo.
011 th,, . The Calliope left for the westward
Wo,l7ic,e,vening of the 30th. The Zebra,e from tze6_ o arrived at Gibraltar on the a
days ""gk, es on London were quoted for billsam at 90
' "'-i ; Paris, sf. 34c.

'v4 WEST INDIA MAIL.

41111 DIAL OF THE STEAM-SHIP LI
PLA.TA.

The lb SOUTHAMPTON, AUG. 15.
Plitt ,43,0yal Mail Company's steam-ship La
°el al
vaPtain Weller, arrived this morLingat 1110 s
i 4 Tr) from the West Indies, with the usual.ma
Agectit.rge of Lieut. Darby,. R.N., Admiralty
lis;theulaarttehsat d!.t..e.sjburlyougb t by the La Plata are :---
July 28
91Jacmel
TN47 .............. 14 ' Ant_oi,,ua —24
"Pil ••••• ..... 19 St. Kitt's
29
--riltiel:' ................ 24 : Nevis
bea24 ............ —24 , Montserrat . —29
C ' ar4
" 29
4rth ............ 2o !Grenada
.14, Pgena
-14.
_,. ........ - 26, Porto Rico —3o
114-'l'4.. ..
2' St. Thomas's
_ ......... ‘1 Aug. 1
The 7 ............ 288
Nue ;4 Plata brings on freight specie to thel
ltig ofp(-4 $729,000, and a general cargo, consis - 024: u 64 Barons of cochineal, 34 barrels of coffee,
lialleles,),l cigars, 65 bales of tobacco, b 7 bales of
qatliarcirriella) 662 serons of bark, and 271 packages
,e,tir,,, 8'
the4eliriet-r of the Company's steam-ships.—The
Spanishl `l4main Mair, arrived at St. Thomas's from
mYcleo Alain at 1 p.m. on the 31st. Jul
hl.°llte; eaPtaill Heenan, on No. 1 (Spanish Main)
1441. llwaY, Captain Lewis, at St. Thomas's,
ther,,,-ng, previous to leaving for England for a
104.14 refit ; Eagle, Captain Hole, arrived at
,41t4r(111,°11_, the lstofAugiist, from No. 4 (Wind-
h'veti C',4"B) route ; Atrato, Captain Wooley, ar-
-4'11) :,-, '-'t• Thomas's with the outward mails, at 3
°tl'll,:,,the 31st of July ; and Wye, Capt. Powell,
c he' riLf touts.
Iltei,z4z -data on the 9th of August exchanged
'ildo "th the barque Apollo, from Grenada to
11) in lat. 41.48 N., long. 38.7 W.
lii?

tt ;he 114 e r JAMAICA.
h,. -ereceived from this island our despatches
27th ult with the following general re-
to is •,
oftl4te bee"leess during the last fortnight appears
Vok 61:1"en 6uller than u ,ual, and holders
11041ktate've been forcing them off at auction.
1•11til °f things is beyond the fears of the least
Nee. , k is
'II of and candidly confess we see no appear-
et on, taProvement. Parties abroad should
ag4intearket to become perfectly bare before
Vohann,Seed out supplies.
liet"") 967e.„8 On Londou.—Jamaica and Colonial
eetit, rays, 1 per cent. pm. ; 60 days,
; 30 days, 2 per cent. pm.

TAE
N.EW BEER ACT.
47611:48- ileer et(18 aid 19 Viet., c. 116), which
Cieda*get°3ral'la on Tuesday, will take eff et
tie •assent
entitled "An Act to repeal,
;147110f pendtheAct of th e Seventeenth and Eighteef th
h/%lLe per Present Majesty, fur further regulating
444;7,t.:tt1f tiTer other liquors on the Lard',-day, and
k! 44,4 °ther provisions in lieu thereof." It con-
fti ,;;14°8e,, and declares that the recited act has
40plie,tillie-.Bt.° be attended with inconvenience to the
Op4l bald act is repealed, and the hours for °Pen are now on Sunday, Christmas day,
er any fast or thanksgiving day, from 1 toi 04°7 oto 11. The buses are not to be opened
10171_,4:1°ek on the morning following the days mtn-
kmPliktilia—ePt to a traveller or lodger trierein. Houses
1k,:441„ tel'ort are prohibited in the same maw er
14,7tter,,,"Pened for the sale of liquors. Constables are
stmtt eto P
enter übliii•houi•ei2. A penalty not ex•
Vbd b.": 414 Y be levied for every offence againffste •
nthcee~eaeW.
tippte.-"I'Y separate "ale to be deemed ano
141°.11 " bona fide traveller" has been left out of

TO FRANCE.
1,, 4 QUEEN'S VISIT . iiii
-.45.
04wiag is thseApTruoßgDrAaya:
N iiieB.for the week :-
4111kly ,--4 through Paris
'4llO-llnced in the Moniteur.
and arrival at St. Cloud, as
Pt e'
SUNDAY, 19.
-t,
oCt
fiuillner en famine.
misiii,). kecl....4l)eiit 9-Cup' cert of the Conservatoire Musique
At 0 •
MONDAY, 20.
At C'treakfast at St. Cloud.
paris.
It IP't 10-Start in carriages for
At 2 ---•Visit to the Exp )Biti°ll
At'ittluch at the Elpee.
Diplomatique.
of Fine Arts.
411-134't 2--• R tion of the Corps -
drive to the
/I Itisit eceP
, Chapelle and
, IN, to the Sainte At i 4.
.kt Ott4'l4 5-Return to St. Cloud.
„Itest.
eti•,uitirier of 60 covers.
o
.°Th''Atle4tr* 1 t St. Cloud. Representatives
dat„ k, ica 8 a ranclis. At g
TUESDAY, 21.
•kt l'llreakfast at St. Cloud.
4, t 2,...P4,4t 10--. Start for Vert•ailies.
‘t i --"llltich at Trianon.
At '11144 L.-Return to St. Cloud.
At rpkit 4 R
..s _
At 1;44 --t.
'ani, ale.
At -ph„t ?`Dinner sit j
,--.. • --Start from St. Cloud.
Visit to the Grand Oera.
)4
22.
4,NINt WEDNESDAY,
; A,,, at St. Cloud.
At irt,..tlo---Start for Paris.
~4t2s'si.visit to the Universal Exhibition.
"t c..."44ceh at the 'ruilerie..
Atx.l)44 4 ii. s Cloud.
A - to ---i4eturn to t.
't 84etit.
thAt 2'....,butnuer of 60 covers at St. Cloud.
tl.,,,theatricals t St. Cl.‘tid by the Artistes of the
A mll Gymnasts (Le fils de famille).
'lt g
kttC‘l3reakfaqf at St. THURSDAY, 23.
Cloud.
At 'oc.
it past 10---11 'Ol Prince Albert (alone) to the
A'kt 2'114/.1 1"-The Queen to start for Paris.
} 4 i'-iiti ti • • s
Noi-pam c at the Tuilerie ..
Att;k " 2---Visit to the Picture Galleries of the
At "110
/ 13t-
At - 131
0.,% liner en famille at the Tuileries..e.
A 4141 ball at the Ho
-3/4t g
4
FRIDAY, 2 .
tel de Viii
4k4ktt. rj,...teta.,lt:afat at St. Cloud.
At TPapt IL-graPiadli'review in the Champ de Mars.
ialt,.4t il,t'llceh at the Ecole Militaire.
t i'o44-146t 2azyi.iit to the Hotel des Invalides.
4 .1)4„t
~,vi t to the Universal Exhibition.
..---tteq
~.ktl".l3jo, •
Nirkit 8 er en. fanalle at the Tuileries.
140). --Visit to the Opera Comique
At 0 (Aubn's
SATURDAY, 25.
t a
1,4
lirer or St. Germaine
and
drive
in
the
f°
r"
: 1: treif tu t f
kt i1.,.t aKfast at Sr,. Cl cud.
A. 4,,.., ru to St. Cloud.
N ?beet,
en famille.
.
SUNDAY, 26.
,
Oth
v4Tture , MONDAY, 27.
'or flgian,i.
i
:1,;,4,4',„4411tt1iT BY A COUNTY CLERK.-Yesterday
%,,"e via, •
police that George
given t'4 the
Eden,
iiiiti4•;
jettte,,lita
tee in the. employment of Juhl.
1 koCambridge, has
belong.
ipt tohit:llth a ve°ruynetYonicirleerrable sum of money bfolro
his
'clhecs'llll4l°Yer. A. large reward is offered
YltlhttZ4titi"4l;
1 Assiz-a,
144 t,4 air] %,.vis LAW. -The imprisonmte_nlet
.of this
344,4, 4
.qnitteMd,
1111/4;e linltif Who was tried in March last,
:,410t)1444 ;el. 5
liitottliet4.l4onnaent for robbing her • tres,, termi-
"illlCtath afterwardseri Catherine
Bacon,
sentenced a t
at
r d nt
to six
ItlthEctrhtio:n.l of this month. Her conductne during her
evolent ladies
N 11eighb01_401:,een g md• s thj,illtNat-.1:la il, out of consirereatihondfforahnedr youth,fpteud
Alit, isg hied '`.' themselves in her be ,
~se
from
gaol.
,if,"iave
al.away on the day of heforrrelea
‘( derat,,, --:.. maven
arrangements placing her in a
ift ec,4? Institution for six months, after which period,
44ther t., titt he Ruch as to warrant it,
IN, -',ll%tratia
8:011h.
havingl
Ilk astral , a early ts4ll trio.esy: lebelsgeirui
mb e dc for
or.
11444(kat ~ttiltretti 64TR REoiNniNdTy.
il%l.,,thtt:t her 111:„./3entbay Teleg,aph:
0 4(4 bold it 4,44
intyr'eSati6i4teha
to
oe
islitictki t:ota:, therefore that 'this is one of theaßcserpna.
,11h. tlezt et; 1.41 PArt ot?th
wtojitewwell
as
`.•4' cat c,l
Weather
at Cairn,ertn Yaiendrwesbeirevhe
embarkiniaentidt-efh :arms threeern west.emniveer'received
be-
tlttl-Patly,,.--
~,,,4 troops of all arms, Queen's as bea 0,141404,,4(1
,141404,,4(1 the The 64th nom, ere upwards of 1,000 y
sootar
f'f4th.,_.% Who :Len are de,.oribed as fine, solid,
inn
4 It "e• As -PPc4r capable of undergoing any amountttiO, it
btlias regiment only
and
d
embarked for Bombay
giber hp d"°t be about to return to England,
~,sil oubt i.
az pi.- going o 1 service of some kind or
ttl'e4llngtsen,e, - ".Urketru, J.ine 19.
g been
k.titl khrom
01? LEONARDS.-Rpports
41.04 reti end %".4.. tench illness has
prevailedto state that
14,41 Or the all, t''),O,nard s, We are enabledr havoifnlate at
quarterly re-
tt 160 6 Itupt.,. tally utifounded.
141-44.% We th fitltehdent.r
~•
i .k
; 44d • 4t
the b e'le 'a ore healthy
4 A Illstea,l of was never in a tli
than usual
t rto the 30th of June
,4444-..c2,0,d $t.L,,., fart that in the twocif,7"6
hr.s\Naor,lin_roz mortality being great-r.hna
„,f St.
rY Magi:Lieu not ooe- eat -.
`%_-C0D13,,- - -- • - taken

110NEY MARKET

AND
COMMER7I AL INTELLIGENCE.

CITY, Two o'CLoots..
The cotton market at Liverpool yesterday closed
steadily, and in some cases of low id. per lb. dearer
than on Friday last. The sales were estimated at
15,000 bales (4,000 of which were taken on specu-
lation and 2,500 for export), comprising 200 Pernam
and Maranham at 6id. to 7d., 400 Bahia at
900 Egyptian at Gd. to 9id., and 1,000 Surat at
Cd. to 5.1y1. per lb. The Railway Share Market
closed firmly, at an advance of to per cent.
Business in some of the continental bourses is
reported very dull.
Messrs. Rothschild have given notice that they
intend making up a list for the Turkish loan. Ap-
plications to be sent in before to-morrow after-
noon, accompanied by alO per cent. deposit. It is
expected that the contractors for the late loan,
Mr. Horsley Palmer and Baron Goldsmid, will
also tender. The speculators will emliarrass the
contractors, for they are dealing already by anti-
cipation at very wild prices, and have called the
premium 3 to 4 per cent., without having the
slightest idea what will be the price at which the
loan will be tendered for.
In the leading columns of The Suit lengthened
reference has been made on several occasions to
the cruel position of the Buenos Ayreau Bond-
holders, and it seems by a correspondence which
has been carried on, that unless our Government
energetically supports the claims of its subjects they
have not much chance of redress. The committee of
Spanish American Bondholders have just received
letters from their agent at Buenos Ayres, detailing
the exertions of H. B. M., Vice-Consul there, to
get a resumption of dividend payments, and the
following letter, being the reply of that gentleman
to one from the President, will explain how his
representations were met
" Bdenos Ayres, 23(1 June, 1855.
" In reference to the letter addressed by the undersigned
to his Excell-ncy, on the 11th inst., in reply to a commu-
nication of the 6th inst., from his Excellency, refusing to
admit of any official interference ou the part of her Ma-
jesty's Government, in behalf of her subjects, holders of
the British loan, the undersigned has once more to impress
earnestly upon his Excellency, that her 31.jesty' Govern-
ment has, in the full exercise of her right, taken a real in-
terest in the adjustment of this debt by the State•of
Buenos Ayres, and it is now with much regret that theyhave learnt the result of the representation made to them
on the suiiject, by the undersigned, in August last. Her
Majesty's Government have observed that the State of
Buenos Ayres is now no longer prevented by the bad con-
dition of the revenue, or by the embarrassment of civil
war, from meeting her engagements—on the contrary,
the means at the disposal of the Government
of Buenos Ayres appear to them amply sufficient to en-
able the State to adopt the honest course of satisfying her
foreign et e litors ; but it has already appeared to her Ma-
jesty's Government, from the answer of his Excellency,
that the Buenos Ayres Government are determined to
persist in the course they have hitherto pursued towards
the British bondholders, leaving unpaid the greater por-
tion .of the interest due to them, which opinion will be
confirmed when her Majesty's Government learn further
the direct opposition made to the official appeals of the
undersigned, and at the same time the utter neglect of
the commissioner of the bondholders, who, during the
eighteen months he has resided at Buenos Ayres, has not
advanced one step towards a settlement of the claims, not-
withstanding the most creditable and considerate exertions
on his part. It would appear, under these circum-tances,
that no real intentions existed on the part, of the Govern-
ment of Buenos Ayres to satisfy these British creditors,
and that they are acting under the belief that the matter
wi:l be allowed to remain in its present most unsatisfac-
tory state ; the undersigned has now, therefore, distinctly
to inform his Excellency, and through him the Govern-
ment of Buenos Ayres, that, although her Majesty's
Government have hitherto abstained from enforcing those
claims, in the belief that a regard for national honour and
good faith would have induced the Buenos Ayrean Go-
vernment to satisfy their British creditors, such forbear.
ance may have its limits.
" The undersigned avails himself of this opportunity, &c.
(Signed) " FRANK PARISH.
"His Excellency Dr. Don Franco Porteta.
&c., &c., &c."

The English Stock market has been firm, but the
business doing continues limited. Consols have
Keen 9O to 911 for transfer, and 911 to .1 for ac-
count. The New 3 per Cents. have realised 921
and the Reduced 91i to Exchequer-bills are
14s. pm. for those yielding 2kd. per cent. per diem,

and India Bonds 2Gs. pm. The Omnium is 44 to

4:g premium.

Foreign Securities have been very quiet, with
the single exception of Turkish, which continue

buoyant, and have risen to 93i and 93g for trais-

fer, being 934 to 94 for account. Russian Bonds
have been firm at 1001 for the Five per Cents.
Spanish Threes have been at 37, Chilian at 105,
and Brazilian at 1021. Dutch Fuur per Cents.
are 961- to 964..
The following are the nominal prices of foreign
stocks :—Grenada Deferred Bonds, 7 to 7 ;
Mexican, 21i to 21i ; Peruvian, 81 to 82i ;
ditto Three per Cents., 59 to 60 ; Portuguese
Four per Cents., 43 to 45 ; Russian Five
per Cents., 100 to 102 ; ditto Four-and-a-

Half per Cents., 89 to 91 ; Spanish New Deferred,
181 to 19: ditto Three per Celts., 37 to 37,' ;
ditto Certificates, 41 to 44 ; ditto Passive, 4 to 4/.
The last week's railway receipts, ascertained up
to this day, are in round figures as follow :

1855. 1854.
Great Western
North-Western
South-Western
Brighton
Midland
South-Ea2Lern 22,159 22,024
Caledonian
Great Northern
LancaThire and Yorkshire 22,529 21,872
North-Eastern
The Railway Share Market has been rather
firtner, and with a slight increase of business.

Great Western have rallied, and there is anira-

provemeut in North Western (now quoted ex
div.) and Caledonian. Foreign shares are buoy-

ant: and in the Colonial there is a better tone. -
The Joint Stock Bank shares have been at about
previous rates. Crystal Palace are without change.
Australian Agricultural Land are firmer.

BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY.—CLOSING PRICES.
(Prom the O*ci•al Lie.

flu4lness dont.
Bank Stock
~tg Cent. Reduced Annuitias
3 per Cent. Consols Annuities

:0
'0
10
10

.......
'Jew 3 per Cent. Annuities ---
92
Lona Annuities, Expire sth .ran., 1860
Dittc 30 Years, Expire 10th Oct., 1859 3i
Ditto 30 Years, Expire sth Jan., 1860 3i
Ditto 30 Years, Expire sth April, 188 -) 1615-16
1",-Iia .1:1101,41
~...~
Corisolg for Account, 6th September... 9l
Omnium
txtbequer Bills, lid, I 2d.
21000 .
8500

97xtali — I
E (chequer Bonds 1858, 3i per Cent.
Ditto 1859, „ , lOOl
PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY.
Brazilian Bonds 5 per Cent.

Chilien Bonds, 6 per Cent . . 105-
Grenada Bonds, 16 per Cent.
:*oruvian Bonds, 44 per .......
nitto for the Account
Ditto 3 per Cent.
Ditto for the Account SP
Russian Bonds. 1822, 5 per Cent. £ St l.ooi
-,:ardinian Bonds, 5 per Cent. .. B7
-pante. Bokds, 3 per Cent 37
T orkibh Bonds, 6 per cent 93A
Ditto for the account
Ditto Small
nvidends on the above oaf Hole to London,
Dutch Exchange, 2i per Cent. 12 Gull —
Ditto 4 per Cent,. 96A I
THREE O'CLOCK.
Consols
Ditto for the Account.... ............. 91h I

It.
10
St.

10
5
20
18

s
5
5
20

25
St.
20
St,

2011
100 '

20i
100
20

20
20
33
10
20

20
if;
20