The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1820-06-06 00:00:00

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AMERICA.

MESSAGE.

ro the Smote sad Horse of Repiesehtatives
the United States. .
" 1 communicate to Congress a correspondence
which has taken place between the Secretary of
State and the Envoy Eitrwordinary mud Miutster
I'llitiipotentiery of his Catholic Majesty, since the
..10sitirege of the 27th' March la*, respecting the
• T./Irtty which. was concluded between the United
Stage, and Spain, on the ied Fehro..rc. 'IN tu.
tit After the failure of bib Catholic Majeaty for so
long a time to ratify the Treaty, it was expected that
,Minister 'would here brought with him the ra.
.dicatirm, nr that lie would have been authorised to
give en order for the delivery of the territory ceded
by itito the United States. It appears, however,
net the Treaty is i.till unratified, and that the Mi.
roster has no authority to surrender the territery.—
The object of his mission has been, to make cow.
plaints and to demand explanations, respecting an
imputed system of hostility, on the part of citizens
cithe United States, against the subjects and donsi.
mono of Spain, sad an unfriendly policy in their
Government, and to obtain new stipulations against
hese alleged injuries, as thcconditirto on which the
'Feisty should be ratified.
.4' Unexpected as such 'comialairits and itkb a
demand were, Yoder existing circumstances. it was,
'blight proper, without compromising the Govern-
metdt as to the course to bei pursued, to meet them .
promptfy, and to give the explanations thlit were
desired on every subject, with the utmost candour.
The result has provEd, what was euificiently wNI
known before, that the charge of b 'systematic hoe-
laity, being adopted and permed by citizens of
the United States, against the dominiiiils and *ob-
jects of Spain is utterly 'destitute of friondation,
al vithat their Government. in all its branches, has
maintained with the utmost rigour, that neutrality
in the civil war between Spain and her Colonies,
which they were the first to declare. No force has
been collected, nor incursions mode. froth within
the United States, against the dominions of Spain ;
•,or have any naval equipments been permitted. in
favour of either party, against the other. Their
citizens have been warned of the obligations loci.
Jest in the neutral condition of their country ; the
public officers have been instructed to see that the
laws were fully executed ; end severe examples have
been made of some who violated them.
" In regard to the stipulation proposed as the
condition of the ratification of the Treaty, that the
Udited States shall abandon the right to recognise
the Revolutionary Colonies in South America, or
to form tuber relations with them, when in their
judgment it may be just sod expedient so to do, it
is Manifestly so repugnant to the hodour, tad even
to the independenctof the United States, that it has
been impossible to Algona it. In making this pro-
posal, it is perceived that his Calorific Majesty has
entirely misconceived the principles on which this '
Government has acted, in being a party to • nego.
cisition so lung protracted, for chime so wen found.
edrind reasonable, as he likewise has the sacrifices
which the United States have made, comparatively,
with Spain, in the Treaty to which it is Wl:toned to
annex so extraordinary and improper a Coaditios.
" Had the Minister of Spain offered an moque&
fled pledge that the Treaty shoold be ratified by
his 4overeign, on being made acquainted with the
explanations which had been given by this Govern-
ment, there would have been • strong motive for
accepting and submitting it to the Senate fur their
advice and consent, rather than to resort to other
measures fur teens, however justifiable and pro.
per. But he gives no such pledge. Ou the coo.
trary, he declares explicitly, that the refusal of this
Government to relinquish the right of judging and
acting for itself hereafter, according to circuits.
mutes, in regard to the Spanish Colonies—a right
common to all nations—has rendered it impossible
fur him, under his instructions, to make such en.
gegement. He thinks that his Sovertiga will be
induced, by Isis communications, to ratify the
Treaty; but still he leaves him free either to adopt
that measure, or to decline it. He admits that the
other objections ore essentially removed, and will
:not, in themselves, prevent the ratification, provided
the difficulty oo the third point is surmounted.
_Vile result, therefore, iv, that the Treaty is declared
to have no obligation whatever ; that its ratification
is made to depend, not on the considerations which
Jed to its adoption. and the conditions which it con.
tains, but on a new article unconnected with it, §-r-
-etarding which a new negocistion must be opened,
for indefinite duration and doubtful issue.
" Under this view of the subject, the course to
be pursued would appear to be direct and obvious,
if the affairs of Spain had remained in the state in
which they were when this Minister sailed. But it
is known, that so important change has since taken
place in the Government of that country, which
fie onnt fail to be sensibly felt in its intercourse with
other nations. The Minister of Spain has men.
tiolly declared his inability to act, in consequence
of dint change. With him, therefore, ander his
Wiessot powers, nothing could be done. The atti.
1106 of the United States must now be assumed,
em fall convideratios of what is due to their rights,
"%heir interest, and honour, without regard to the
powevs or incidents of the late mission. We may,
at pleasure, occupy the territory, which was intend.
ed sod provided by the late Treaty as an indemnity
`for losses so long sustained by our citizen, but still
nothilig could be settled detinitively, without a
'frowsty between the two 'Anew. I. this the time to
'make the preemie ? If the United States were
governed by views of ambition and aggiandiee.
dent, many strong reasons might be gowns in its
favor. But they have me objects of that kind to
accomplish; norm which are net Needed is justice,
and which can be injured by forbearance.
" Great hope is eutertained that this change will
promote the happiness of the Spanish nation. The
good order, 'moderation, and humanity, which have
thasoctoeised the movement. ore the best guano-
tees of its success. The United States would sot
be justified is their own estimation. should they
tube any step todisturb its harmony. When the
Spanish Government is completely organized on
the principles of this change, es it is expected it
ammo Will be, there is just ground to preetirse that
out dilemmas with Spoilt will he speedily and M.
tirfactNtly settled. With these remarks, I stibmit
it sit she wisdom of the Congress, whether it well

not still he advisable 'to postpone ony areivioo on
this subj.-et nista the nest Session.
" JAMES MONROE.
" N'eskierion, gth May, MO."

(Fro.. the Clutrkstoo City Goutte, April 30.)
To our esteemed friend mid corresposident at St.
Thomas we aro again indebted for tuteresting in-
telligence bout South America. The contents
of the following letter, received from him, are of a
peculiarly important character. The Royal army.
Of five thousand men, under Morales. entirely de-
stroyed (if the report be correct) in Carraccar,
which twist. as a consequence. give the full
-possession of that province .to the fa'rin'a—the
people of all the towns and provinces of Buenos
Ayres universally %jig g the unaided of Generals
Carrera and Ranierea, who. with their Patriotic
Intruirtiiiireib, threatened tl•e capitol. which was
:expected would fall, are animating men:lrma in the
'history of the 'South Americus) struggle which p►e-
sage a speedy slid deci!iive etiinneipation of heroic
erillioos from the thraldom of Spanish tyranny.
" ST. 'lnouits. *PAIL 18.
!' The Ichooner Amie and Elise. Captain G.
M'Carter, arrived here the night btfOre last from
St. Vincents, and only '34 days from A-ngostaira;
but is 'Captaiii'C. did not intelid coming to this
Wood When he left Align:tiro, lie brings neither
kite's nor pipers. But he brings very interesting
verbal 'accounts of a very great mtii•bloody action
which his beeo 'fought betweeirtlesieral Prez and
the Royalist army, three hundred miles from that
place, in Which he Offering me the •Spotiiirde
lost every man, amounting to 5,60 men itt killed,
wonaded. and prisoners. Gnat rejoicinis treie the
order of the day when he left Guayannii, such is
ringing of bells, -ctinionadin;,,, `Bk. Theft was an
American ichootier there, which ought to have
sailed the day after this Verse!. for St. Thomas, •
by which we itnpatiently 'wait 'to receive the
important official 'marmite, which. so soon as
receive, II will forward to 'you without de-
ftly. This action must have been fought nett- •
Calablixo, with the Royalitt artny .of General
Morales, who. with the whole of his forces, must
ha►e been annihilated. The eeretistion of Cornices,
is a necessary consesprence, and the entnence of the
Patriot army. Strange as may appear, we have
not heard a word of the expediiion that sailed from
Margaritta, on the Bth of last 'Month. True it is
that no vessels have arrived Nun any quarter that
could give us intelligence'of its iuccess. '

General San Martin lid passed the Andes. with•
out troops, for Chili having refused to aid the S.
prem. Director Of BOOMS Ayres, although ordered
several times to march 'to his assistance. We fury
now soon expect to lee the important kingdom of
Peru invaded with an overwhelming army front
Buenos Ayres and Chili. is the civil war must now
cease, hi consequence of the succeed of the true
frieigls of the people's rights.

- - -
(rem the Natio& hoteiligeoiet+, M. 5.)
TH NEW TAW, REJECTED.
The Bill to increase the duties on certain imperil.
ed ticks was yesteraay rejected in the &mete,
after three or four hours debate. Though the pew.
ticolar asotiou by which the BM was lost was car.
tied by a single vote only, we have ree•On tdateliive
that the majority would have been greater bud the
Question been a direct one, upon the imerits of the
Sin.
PIIILADELEHM. HAT 6.
When the mail left Reading yesterday maritiogi,
• Are was raging with considerable violewee. Fog&
tees, of the principal houses and stores of tttr OW*
had been destroyed, and much proaptrty c 040411101.
We have not heard of the name. of any sufferers
except Line and thwack (where the fire origi-
nated). Samuel Bell, Esq. and Mr. F. Saab.

The Court of /Lakes has given judgutent in the
affair of the national subscription for the relief ot
slavers under the laws of restriction lately passed
respecting the press. Niue of the individuals who
are prosecuted for promoting the sub•Cription ati
peered to make any defence; so that the judgment,
as to all of them, was passed in absence. The
Court, it appears, were • long time is deliberation;
but finally agreed in inflicting on the accused the
maximum of punishment allowed by the laws. In
consequence MM. ()DILLON &ISNOT. MERILHOU.
GESAUDAN, ETIENNE, and Count PaJot, are con-
demned to fire years' imprisonment. and 15,000
francs of fine ! The Editors of the journals who
published the prospectus of the sabociiption ale
condemned to the same period of imprisonment, and
to 12,000 francs of fine. This judgment was noti-
fied to the parties on Tuesday ; they are allowed. to
days to prepare for an appeal, and five days more to
make an application to fix the day for being heard.
Paris Paper.)
Tem LAST or Tut Sivarrs.—The following is
the inscription on the monument executed by
C•Nova, and erected last year in the church of
St. Peter. .at Rome, to' the memory of the last of
the STVAirts

JACOIIO,III.
Jacobi 11. Megan Brit. Regis, Fill
Kansio, Elwin
Bt lllentil*, Deans, Peenal3sedissliess
Jacobi 1/L RMN
aegis fliirpis Irar.edie Posiressis
Asa. al DCCCXII.

The Royal Aran of Ragland ate. placed at the
head of the monument.

A few days ago eight yam' foxes were caught is
• field evergrowu with wimps mod br•s•hles, sl
!rt•a. Cumberland. The old foxes uofurtou•tely
made their escape.
Fifteen chests of arms. atomising to stand e•eh.
strived at Leeds yesterday se'unight, fur the Dee of
the Leeds Vohisteers, uuw forming.

The lath regiment ie hourly eapected at Ply.
mouth-Deck. haat Dover, by water.

Rsotc.tr.s.—An nuliappy man who had been
committed some time before to Stirling Cootie.
&twinkled himself on Wednesday, in his cell b • sod
.wither prisoner, _ some days miter, also made as
attempt es his life.
We have just boas infoemed that a Special
Contuliasion will be issued, for the trial of the
pristine* is our Castle, during the course of the
present month. Another prisoner from the West.
Riding, was lost night brought to the Castle, under
a charge of High Tremom—York Herold.

LAW INTELLICRXC&

COURT OF RING'S BENCH. 'grunionla,
• aIuNDAY, Jesus 11.

Shortly after the Judges had Want *tie araft,
the noise of the carpenters etigeged in the Prepara-
tions of the Hall laver which they are laying a thick
drill flooring) was found to be an inconvenient that
the enter Jurrict rent for the Officer of the Board
of Works employed in conducting the prepara-
tions. His Lordship reqaested, this gentleman to
rentove•the workmen to the farther end of Ow hell,
so as to prevent the interruption of the Court.
The officer itiformed h:s lordship that thews were
two parties at work, one at each ettll of the Hall--
the( they would be in each other's way. if both were
at work together at one end of the huilding—end
that the time was so short that it would barely suf-
fice for the 'separations. '•
The Limo Cater Jurrtcs paid, that he
only requested that which ally man or sense might
easily eatcute, cod which was indispenstbly neces-
sary Air the proceediogr of 'the Court.
The officer asked his Lordship to give him an
order fur the purpose in writing, and lie would re-
move every man from the works.
The Luau CHIEF JUsTICC said, that he would
give no such order.
The officer wild, that his instructions were to go
on, and he must obey them.
The Loan Cater JUSTICII said. that the Court
world take some' aseaswees to relieve themselves
from the.incentrenitucv,-elatt would consider what
they would do for that purpose.
The Court was occupied the whole day in hear-
ing motions for new trials:none of which had the
'limit interest for the public.