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[PRICE 4D. STAMPED SD.

THE OVERLANto MAIL

We have received our despatches from India and
China, by the overland mail. The dates of these
adviceS are those given on Friday in The Sun.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

INDIA.
. .
The, following is from the summary of the Bom-
bay Time; of Aug. 29 :--
The Sonthal insurrection continues to devastate
the country; but the insurgents are now being
hemmed in on all sides by our troops, and must
speedily yield to force of arms. The mountain terri-
tory near Rajmahal, usually their home, lies nearly
parallel to the Ganges, and covers an area of about
two thousand square miles, the peaks rising to an
elevation of from two to four thousand feet. The
people have generally been quiet, industrious, and
well behaved—the present being the first time
during the 70 years we have had to deal with them
that they have occasioned us the slightest annoy-
ance. The causes of the outbreak are still dubious.
The 30,000 supposed to be in the country are scat-
tered about in small- parties, committing ravages
so atrocious that one shudders on reading them.
The conflicts betwixt them and the regular troops
have invariably ended in the overthrow of the bar-
barians ; and as the close of their career approaches,
it becomes matter of consideration how those that
may escape shall be dealt with. Capital punish-
ments, to the extent that they deserved; would
imply an amount of slaughter not to be thought of.
Those who have once tasted the pleasure of plun-
dering the plains may, if left in their mountains,
came to forget the results of their misconduct, and
17epeatpractices the very thought of which must keep
the provinces around them in alarm. The fertile
fields of Pegu, productive enough to supply food
to millions, and to extinguish the • apprehension of
famine in Madras, lie barren for want of cultiva-
tion, and as the Sonthals are an industrious, hard-
working race, never until now charged with impro-
priety, the Friend of India has proposed that the
whole of those engaged in the insurrection should,
with their household goods and families, be from
henceforth located in British Burmab.
A religious war appears to be raging in Oude,
betwixt the Mahomedans and .Hindoos, the King's
troops having joined the former against the latter,
without the slightest regard apparently to the
wishes of authority. This state of matters will in
all likelihood hasten on the crisis that has long
been looked for. The Governor-General has mean-
while given orders that not a man shall be moved
from Cawnpore, a station formerly belonging to
Oude, and close upon its western frontier. The
force here stationed at present consists of two bat-
talions of artillery, one regiment of cavalry, and
three regiments of infantry, or 4,000 men in
all. We have three regiments at Lucknow itself,
and were military operations to become requisite, a
force abundantly sufficient for the occupation of the
kingdom could be provided whenever required, in a
short space of time. The Governor-General is un-
derstood to have made up his mind on the subject
of the indispensability of annexation. The reported
interference with the affairs of Oo iipoor has been
explained away. It is not against the Rana that
our troops were to take the field, but to assist him,
at his own earnest and long-continued entreaties,
to bring to order his own rebellious nobles.
As the season opens we have had some disturb-
ances on the north-west frontier.

Profound tranquillity seems to reign throughout
British Burmah, and our embassy, now on its way
to Ava, proceeds auspiciously on its journey.
In Western India we are threatened at present
with a famine, the latter part of our south-west
monsoon having proved as unfavourable as its com-
mencement was promising. During the last fort-
night of June we had a fall of thirty inches of rain ;
within the two months since less than ten inches
of rain is all that has been measured at the Presi-
dency, though 25 be our July and 16 our August
average. We are thus short by a third of our ordi-
nary supply up to the present date, and the alti-
tude of the mercury, condition of the air, and as-
pect of the sky, give every reason to apprehend a
continued drought. This state of matters unhap-
pily prevails through nearly the whole of the presi-
dency, and though the northern and easternportions
of India appear to have had abundance, the inunda-
tions on the Indus and Ganges and their tributaries
having been of unusual magnitude, it is doubtful whe-
ther the means of conveyance at our disposal will
permit the surplus food in one region to be trans.;
ported in time to the districts where starvation is
threatened. Even were a copious fall now to await
us the bulk of the crops are too far advanced in
maturity to benefit by it ; and the only mitigation.
for our apprehended sufferings must lie in an ex-
pensive importation from those districts that are
within reach of water carriage. Our last famine
was in 1838, and it is seldom that so long a period
as 17 years intervenes betwixt the occurrence of
these frightful scourges, which decimate the popu-
lation, and cost Government larger sums, in loss of
revenue, than would have been required in the
construction of canals and roads, which would have
gone a considerable way to avert them.
A meeting of the Parsee community, at which
there were nearly three thousand present, took
place ten days since, for the purpose of getting a
code of laws prepared, as affecting the rights of
marriage, inheritance, and divorce to be trans-
forineeinto an act by the Legislative Council, so
that this important caste should, like the Maho-
medans and Hindoos, have justice in these matters
administered to them in conformity with the cus-
toms and feelings of the race. The want of some
such thing as this has long been felt and complained
of by the judges cf the Supreme Court.
A singular document has just been published,
showing that within a recent period 600 children
have been destroyed by wolves in the Punjaub ;
nearly a thousand were some 20 years ago slaught-
ered in the same way around Agra. The orna-
ments of the infants are generally found in the
dens where their poor little bodies are devoured,
and those who make a trade of getting possession
of the plunder thus provided to their handS have
created an impression amongst the people that the
village in which a wolf is killed is sure to come to
ruin ; and the ferocious brutes, when caught, are
frequently set free with a bell around their neck.
The loss of life from snake bites in Sind has be-
comes so serious that Government have taken mea-
sures for the destruction of these reptiles—singular
illustrations, these, of the scantiness of the popula-
tion.

A considerable sensation has within the last week
been occasioned in the community, by an intima-
tion published in the home newspapers by the di-
rectors of the East India Company, that they do
not recognise the authority of the London and
Eastern Banking Corporation, which advertise that
their charter confers limited liability and the fullest
powers of banking in the east, and desire that this
may be made known for the protection of the pub-
lic. We are not sufficiently informed of the me-
chanism or rules of the bank to know what has
compelled a step to be adopted so wholly without
precedent, and which could only be justified on the
strongest possible grounds.

The monsoon mails of June and Julyhave adopted
a new route, which promises to shorten our stormy
weather passage home by two or three days at least.
It will be remembered that Bombay is in 19 deg.,
and Aden, the first stage in the journey home, in 12
deg. N., and that the steamer route for 8 months
of the year is nearly straight across. From May to
August, when the furious south-west wind from the
coast of Africa blows right into Bombay
harbour,
degrees
south-west, packets hitherto have run about 12
es
south-west, and then crossing
over steamed six
degrees northerly to the opening of the Gulf of
Aden. This season three of the steamers have run
five degrees north-west towards the mouth of
the Persian Gulf, and then pushed south-westerly
close along the Arabian shore, thereby shortening
the course and avoiding the extreme violence of
the monsoon, which blows for a shorter time and
with much less violence in the northern than in
the southern portion of the Arabian Sea—the voy-
age usually occup),ingafr.onl 13 to 18 days, has been
10 respectively, and the
accomplished in 1., an ni
latter of these is hereafter likely to exceed the
average.
The Governor-General is still on the Neilgherries,
and is now
understood to return to Calcutta in No-
vember or December, and not to leave India till the
beginning of the year, Lord Canning, formerly re-
presented as about to sail in August, not being
now expected before Christmas. Lord Harris has
just proceeded to the Neilgherries on a short visit
to the Governor-General. His absence from the
Presidency will not likely be of long duration, and
thejournals are already pointing to the evidence
which showed that a former Governor of Madras
and a former member of Council at Bombay, with
other high authorities, considered gubernatorial
ruralising illegal—as it certainly is, when frequently
indulged in and protracted, in the last degree in-
convenient. Lord Elphinstone has just returned
from the Deccan to Bombay, and will in all likeli-
hood remain it the seat of Government if his health
permits till next hot season. Little or no business
hag been transacted in the market during the put

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inent of the present depressed state of trade. Money •-• :.\ 4,
' I. •
is abundant, and the rates of interest have been
,: ' ';-. ~._" 7"
lowered one per cent. by the banks. ,:•.,;;..,... • ,--4
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_4, lt.
Casualties by death in India since the departure
-.: :7
the mail on the 13th August, 1855 :
ki.Her Majesty's Troops—Lieut. Gardner, 86th Foot, I
Aden, on the 26th July.
Madras—Major and Brevet Lieut.-Col. F. L. Nicolay,
29th Regiment, N.l.' at Octacamund, on the 3d Aug.. -'
Assistant-Surgeon A. Umphelby, M.D., at Coonoor,
Neilgherries, on the 23d July. i 1
Bengal—Capt. G. G. Bowring, 59th N. 1., at Landour,
on the 3d August. Lieut. and Adjutant Gladstone, 15th
Ri-giment N.I , at Peshawur, on the 3d August. Lieut.-
Col. T. Saunders, Invalids, at Lucknow.

BOMBAY, Aug. 28.
The 26th July mail, per Peninsular and Oriental Com-
pany's steamer Cadiz, reached this on the morning of
the 21st inst.
Ourmoney market during the fortnight has been easier,
and the banks have lowered their rates of interest 1 per
cent. The 4 and 5 per cent, paper has fallen considerably
in value.

Cocoa nut-day, which marks the opening of our ac-
tive season, occurred on Monday last, but we regret to
say that the state of the market is not at all calculated
to furnish enconragement for a long time to shippers of
cotton manufactures. Since our last there has been no
rain beyond a few occasional showers, and as the total
fall of the season has been about a third less than the
usual average, serious apprehensions are entertained of
a deficient harvest, and in consequence of a great rise in
the price of grain. These prospects have already ope-
rated unfavourably on the piece goods market, the de-
mand for every description having been materially
checked, and a few or no sales have transpired since the
(late of last report. Prices must be considered nominal,
and if sales were forced a further reduction is inevitable
of 2 to 3 ans. per piece in grey shirtings and long cloths,
and 1 to 2 ans. per piece i❑ grey madapollams, T cloths,
printers, and jacconets. Grey domestics and yarns are
firm at previous rates. The business transacted in cot-
ton piece goods is so insignificant that it is unnecessary
to particularise.

Cotton Wool—The market has been very languid
since our last, with very little inquiry for the home mar-
ket, and prices aro slightly easier. Broach and Surat
we quote at rs. ;94 to rs. 95 ; Dollera, rs. 98 to rs. 99 ;
Oomerawuttee, rs. 86 to rs. 88 per candy, and the qua-
lity of what is offering very inferior. For China there
has been more activity evinced among shippers to that
quarter, and which has assisted in giving support to the
market. A few native boats from the northward have
arrived from Broach and Cutch, which shows the mode-
rate state of the weather ; but supplies as yet have no
effect upon prices.


Rates of freight have been very steady, and to Great
Britain 3/. to 3/. ss. per ton is the current quotation ;
and at the former rate two or three vessels have been
let to arrive. For China nominally rs. 9i per candy,
which is a-decline of rs. 3 in the last week.
Exchange on England during the fortnight bas ruled
slightly higher, and the business done towards the close
may be quoted 2s. lid. to 2s. id. 5-16ths for China and
first-class credits, and 2s. lid. to 2s. ld. 7.l6ths for
documents. On Calcutta we quote re. 102 at sight, and
re. 102,i at 60 days' sight ; on Madras, rs. 1001 at 30
days' sight ; and on China, rs. 220 at 60 days' sight.

CALCUTTA, AUG. 21.
The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Oriental, with London dates of the 9th July last, arrived
on the 17th, but we have no material change to report in
the state of our produce market. The demand for oil
seeds and saltpetre continues in the same large scale,
and latterly there has been more doing in raw silk than
for some time past. Our anticipations regarding the
import trade have not been realised for various reasons,
and we are unable, therefore, to report on this head as
favourably as we thought a month ago we could. The
accounts daily arriving from up-country are very fair,
and upon the whole satisfactory enough ; but owing to
the tightness of money, large imports, and anxious dis-
position of holders of goods, all improvement may re-
main in abeyance for a time. If nothing will damage
this branch of our trade, the tightness of money will,
and may do it extensively. There has been a slight im-
provement on some, and reductions in others. The
business done, however, is not small, and will continue
so until the approach of the Dussera or Doorga Poojah
holidays, when an improvement both in value and ex-
tent will take place. Grey goods, and some soft of
prints, are in fair request, but bleached are in the same
neglected state as reported by us last time. There has
been a considerable improvement in Straits tin, and sales
at 40 rs. a maund have taken place, stock in first hands
being entirely absorbed. In spelter, speculation as be-
fore continues, and rates remain unaltered.
We are sorry to report that the aspect of our money
market is looking very gloomy. The Bank of Bengal
have again raised their rates to one per cent, on the 16th
instant, and may increase another per cent. in the course
of a short time.

Exchange has continued steady, six months' sight Ist
class credits being negotiated at 2s. lid. for the outgoing
mail steamer. In China bills against opium shipment
very little will done, shipments contemplated being so
very small and slowly progressing.
Freights have gone down considerably in consequence
of large arrivals simultaneously and high prices of pro-
duce and scarcity of some articles. Current rates to
London are—Sugar, 31. to 31. 2s. 6d. ; saltpetre, 21. 17s.
6d. to 3/. ; rice, 31. 7s. 6d. to 31. 10s. ; limieed or rape-
seed, 41. 17s. 6d. to 51. 2s. 6cl.

Indigo.--Notwithstanding the complaints from the
manufactories of too much rain, there is still every pro-
Ulability of onr having an average season. Exports from
Ist Nov., 1554, to 17th Aug., 1855 :—To Great Britain,
87,587 chests 67,612 maunds—total exports, '27,119
chests 102,983 nraunds.

CHINA.
During the past week some combined operations
of the British and American naval force have done
signal execution to a large piratical fleet near
Kulan, in which we had eight seamen and marines
killed, and 15 or 16 wounded. Capt. Fellowes, of
the Rattler, Lieut. Orlando, and other officers,
were blown up in one of the captured junks, but
fortunately without much personal injury. No less
than 10 piratical junks were taken and destroyed,
the crews of which were either killed or, put hors
de combat, in all about 800 men ; 23 of the smaller
junks, favoured by their light draught of water
and the darkness of the night, escaped.
We have no news to communicate anent the re•
bellion, which, for the present at least, appears to
have ceased. Towards the end of the year the in-
surgents may possibly take fresh courage.
From Japan we learn that the admiral was
likely to remain there until the ratification of the
treaty at the end of September next. The Ameri-
cans settled at one of the trading ports find their
residence very unwelcome to the Japanese.
Exchange and Bullion.—Canton, Aug. B.—On Lon-
don, 4.8 ; India, 215 rs. Aug. 7.—Carolus dollars, 25
per cent. prem. Shanghai, Aug. 2.—On London, 6.4 i;
on India, 293 rs. to 295 re. ; drafts on Canton, 24 per
cent, discount.