The Sun.
London, England, 1855-06-02 00:00:00

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NO. 19,556. j

LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JEll

r.slE 2. 1855.

PUBLICATIONS.

CI_RYSTAL PALACE.—The GRAND
CONVERT on MONDAY NEXT, at which Mdlle. Al, it"NI
will sing.—Se son Tickets, 1/. Is. each, are issued at Mr.
Royal. Library, 33, Old-Bond-street, admitting to the above attrac-
tion, and also for every, fete, entertainment, and daily use, until the
ead of April, 1856.—Royal Library, 33, Old Bond-street.

orderlies, as privates, 25.; total, 702. Quarters and ra-
tions in addition, and to be very liberally pensioned
on being discharged.

points which appear to us to require to be distinctly
laid down as within the competency of the commis-
sioners and the particular college, acting jointly, in the
manner indicated by the bill, to regulate as may appear
to be expedient :
" 1. The revision of all college statutes, generally and
in particular.
" 2. The abolition of all oaths taken to enforce their
observance.
~ 3. The alteration of the p.wers of masters, fellows,
and college officers, both absolutely and relatively,
inter Be.
" 4. The conversion of close fellowships into open
fellowships, as well as their commutation into scholar-
ships or exhibitions.
" 6. The incorporation of bye fellowships in reduced
number, as the amount of funds belonging to the foun-
dation may render advisable.

• The THIRD and FOURTH VOLUMES are now ready, comprising the
pe•.iod from 1800 to 1810, and completing the work, of
THE DUKE of BUCKINGHAM'S MEMOIRS
of the COURT and CABINETS of GEORGE 111., from
Original Family Irocuments.
"The present volumes exhibit the same featureS as the former por-
tion of the series. The general reader is elite, tainei and the reader
for historical purposes is enlightened. Of their value and importance
there cannot be two opinions. Our extracts sufficiently slam the
high interest belonging to these volumes." Athenamm.
Hurst and Blackett, publishers, successors to Henry Colburn.

THE MILITIA.
The Royal Bucks Yeomanry have assembled this
week at Buckingham for eight days' exercise. They
were reviewed on Wednesday in Stowe•park by Major
Mountj,)y Martin.

4g T. JOHN DEL REY MINING COMPANY.
1.3 The Twenty-fifth -ANNUAL GENERAL MEETI•G of the
Proprietors of the Kt John Del Key Mining Company will be held
at the Company's Office, No. B.Tokenhouse-yard, oa FRIDAY, the
Bth day of lulie, at Two,o'elock precisely.
At this-Meetinglone Director, viz., R. S. Illingworth, Esq., will go
out by rotation, but is eligible to be re-elected.
JOHN HOCKIN, Secretary.
8, Tolrenhonse-yard, May 25, 1855.

The 2:i West Yorkshire Militia, who are to embarkrat
Liverpool in the sailing clipper Tudor, arrived at that
town yeSterciay, together with two field officers, six cap-
tains, five ladies, 87 children, and 50 soldiers' wives.
The Tudor is expected to sail to-day for Gibraltar.
The North Cork Rifles got a sudden route, on Wed-
nesday morning, for Limerick, Leaving Buttevant Bar-
racks without a single company to do duty. This regi-
ment has given 68 volunteers to the Buffs this week in
Buttevant.

NEW, REVISED, AND CfIE.A.PER EDITION.
Now ready, in 1 vol. post Svo.,
SALATHIEL, THE' IMMORTAL.
By the Rev. G. CROLY, LLD.
magnificent fiction. One of the most splendid Productions
among works of fiction that the age has brought forth."—Athenmum.
Published for 11. Colburn, by his successors, Hurst and Brackett.

NAVAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE.
The Peninsular and Oriental Company's screw steam-
ship Simla' transport No. 118, Captain T. S. Russell,
will embark at Southampton this day the A troop of
Royal Artillery for conveyance to the Crimea, consist-
ing of 300 horses and 350 men, under the command of.
Captain Philpott. The Simla will also convey Lieute-
nant,Colonel Gough, 33d Foot ; Captain Pocock, 30th
ditto ; Captain Sergeant, 95th Regiment ; Assistant-
Commissary-General Midwond, and the Rev. H. M.
Wheeler, chaplain ; the Rev. Mr. Corke, officiating
chaplain ; and the Rev. H. Robinson, assistant ditto,
besides six hospital-orderlies, will he passengers to Con-
stantinople. Ten privates of the Royal Marines, volun-
teers as hospital orderlies to the Black Sea, are also to
leave in the-Simla. The whole of the ordnance appoint-
ments arrived at Southampton yesterday, and were ship-
ped. The Simla takes her departure to-morrow (Sunday).
The Bacchante, steam-transport No. 12, arrived at
Portsmouth yesterday Morning and steamed into har-
bour from the East. She left Constantinople on the 9th of
May. On the 10th she saw the steam-transport No. 186
(./Etna) steering up the Dardanelles ; on the 11th, saw
No. 89 transport in Doro Passage ; on the 12th, off
Cape iingeln, she saw the sailing-transport's Nos. 57
(Lady Russell), 41 (Kent), 223 (Hollander steamer), and
251 (so reported, but there is no such number in the
transport list as yet) ; on the same day she saw the
General Screw Steam-Shipping Company's steamer
Emu, towing a ship. The Bacchante arrived at Malta,
May 14. On the 15th, the Great Britain arrived, towed
into Malta harbour the transports Saldanha and Blun-
dell ; left Malta on the 16th and arrived at Gibraltar on
the 23e1, heard there that the Medway steam-transport
had passed through, and had lost 65 horses • the Lanca-
shire. Witch, with cavalry and horses, arrived at Gibral-
tar on the 24th, on which day the Bacchante left ; saw
a transport (No. 46), steering eastward ; on the 29th
spoke her Majesty's steam-frigate Odin, towing three mor-
tar-boats ; on the 30th saw the steam-transport No. 103
steering south-west. The following passengers arrived
at Portsmouth in the Bacchante : Captain Marsh, R.N.,
Capt. Barnett, R.N., Mr. Prichard, R N., Ensign Gill-
more, of the 40th ; Mr. G. A. Bates and Mr. John S.
Lynch, Engineers ; Mr. R. Waterstone, Messrs. Wm.
Rice, John Bellman, Henry Denman ; and Mesdames
Lynch and two children, Fitzpatrick, and Margaret
Shaugness. After landing them she left for Deptflrd.
The screw steam transport Australian (No. 120), Capt

The 2d Somerset Militia bas got 19 recruits this week
from Bath.

" 6. The regulation of tutors and lecturers by the
ordinary government of the college, and as part and
parcel of the collegiate system.
" 7. The creation of suitable boards of election and
government, where the whole body of fellows, after the
changes contemplated by the bill had been made, would
be too numerous for such purposes.
" S. The provision of a suitable income for masters of
colleges, so as to dispense with the necessity of their
holding any of the ecclesiastical preferment of the college.
" 9. The creation of a sufficient number, of open
&Warships, and of adequate value, either by the con-
verzion of Fellowships or otherwise.

Just published, (esp. Bvo., price Is. 6d., by post 25.,
APLEA for PAINTED GLASS • being an
Inquiry into .its Nature, Character, and ajects, ,and its
Claims as an Art.

The following regiments of militia will proceed during
the ensuing we -k to the encampment at Aldershott—
viz., Tower kfamlete (King's Own Light Infantry), from
Hackney ; City of London, from Finsbury ; 3d Middle-
sex (Westminster), from Turnham-green ; and Hants
Artillery from Portsmouth. It is expected that the Ed
mouton RiflPs will be in an efficient state as to numbers
to proceed to the encampment, under the command of
Viscount Enfield, about the 15th inst. The above-men-
tioned regiments will increase the number of the troops
on the heath to about 6,500. ,

By FRAS. W. OLIPHANT.
Oxford : John Henry Parker, and 377, Strand, London.

" 10. The commutation of all claims of preference
which may be thought worthy to be retained into exhi-
bitiOns.
"11. The extinction of the powers of all external
electors to Fellowships and Scholarhips.
" 12. The modification of the rules which are now ap-
plicable to the tenure of College emolument, the election
thereto, and the qua7ifications of candidates.
"13. The application of a portion of the collegiate
funds to the establishment of a more extended Profes•
soriate to the University at large.
"Section 31. The three Royal Professorships of Di-
vinity, Greek, and Hebrew, are regulated at present by
a statute of rinity College, which stands in urgent need
of revision. 'But it may be doubted how far they are
professorships in the University within the meaning of
the words of the section. We would suggest the expe-
diency of mentioning these foundations by name, to pre-
vent the possibility of doubt.

"A similar suggestion may be made regarding the
office of Christian advocate, which does not appear to us
to come with the meaning of any of the words employed
in the section. A. change in this office was specially
noticed in our report as expedient to be made.

"These observations on the Cambridge University
Bill we respectfully submit to your Lordship's judgment,
being much impressed with the importance of the ques-
tion, and being at the same time convinced that the pro-
visions of the bill as it now stands are not only not ade-
quate to supply the chief wants which are experienced,
but will, in their leading features, tend to perpetuate the
principal defects of the existing Rystem.
"We have, &c,,
" GEORGE PEACOCK.
" JOHN FREDERICK WILLIAM HERSCHEL.
" JOHN ROMILLY.
" ADAM SEDGWICK.
W. H. BATESON (late Secretary).
" The Right Hon. the Lord Chancellor, &c."
UNIVEI#SITY INTELLIGENCE.

Mason, arrived at Spithead yesterday morning from the
East. She left Scutari on the 12th of May; Malta, the
18th ; and Gibraltar, the 24th. On the 25th, in lat.
36.30 N., long 7.50 W., she spoke the American ship
John Bria,nt ; on the 28th, in lat. 45.20 N., long. 8.30
W., passed a large steamer, supposed to be the Orinoco.
The Australian has brought 164 military invalids, and
tbe following cabi n passengers :—Lieut.-Col. Hayzarth, of
the Scots Fusilier Guards ; Battalion Surgeon Bostock,
'VI.D.9 of ditto; Capt. Simpson, R.A.; Assistant-Surgeon
Lynch, of the 7th Hussars; Lieuts. Savery, Ives, and
Rase'', R.N., on promotion from her Majesty's ships
Princess Royal, Agamemnon, and Leopard ; ieut.
Lambert, 41st Regiment, in charge of the invalids ;

OXFORD, JUNE 1.
The following amendments were proposed yesterday
in Congregation upon the Craven Statute :
By Mr. Conington, of University-
1. To reduce the number of scholarships to six, tenable
each for six years.

Aessrs. Newsome and Morris, Engineers (the former
lunched to the Royal Sappers and Miners and the lat-
ter to the navy) ; Messrs. Hooper and Brookin, Gun
ners, R.N. ; Mr. and Mrs. Mason, and upwards of 150
invalids from Kul46, Scutari, .and Malta, comprising
10 of the Royal Artillery, four of the Grenadier Guards,
one of the Coldstream Guards, five of the Scots Fusilier
Guards, two of the Ist Foot, eight of the 4th, two of the
7th, two of the 9th, three of the 14th, three of the 17th,
three of the 18th, four of the 19th, six of the 20th, five
of the 21st, one of the 23d, five of the 28th, six of the
30th, four of the 33d, 11 of the 38th, two of the 41st,
three of the 44th, five of the 46th, seven of the 47th,
one of the 49th, five of the 50th, four of the 55th, two
of the 57th, two of the 62d, one of the 63d, two of the
68th, three of the 77th, three of the 88th, three of the 89th,
five of the 90th, five of the 95th, six of the Ist Battalion
of the Rifle Brigade, two of the 2d ditto, one of the 11th
Hussare, 12 seamen and marines. Thirteen of the worst
elses, who were unable to help themselves, and in a very
-ickly state, Were- reln oVict: to' flit Gi neral Military
Hospital at Portsea. The rest disembarked to temporary
quarters in barracks until removed to invalid depots.
'Major-General Breton, Assistant-Quartermaster-General
Dalgetty, and Lieutenant Parks, R.N., superintended
their disembarkation. They came home in medical

na2m.oTofo
tahb:lfiosuhnadlelr.preference for persons of the kin or

3. To require of candidates that they should have
passed one of the final examination schools.
By Mr. Palmer, of Balliol—
To substitute for the proposed board of electors a
board consisting of the Professor of Greek, the Professor
of Latin, and one Master of Arts nominated by the Vice-
Chancellor.

By Mr. Tweed, of Exeter-
1. To retain two scholarships for the kin of the foun-
der.

2. To make non-residence vacate the scholarships.
3. To provide that in case of the non-appearance of
any qualified candidate of the founder's kin, the scholar-
ships be thrown open to undergraduates of limited
means.

In the same Congregation the Statute requiring that
no elections, except those of Members of Parliament,
shall take place unless in full term, was submitted and
approved,

The University sermons on Sunday next will be
preached in the morning by the Senior Proctor at New
College, and in the afternoon by the Ven. Archdeacon
Garbett, at St. Arary'R. The latter will preach the an-
nual sermon on church extension in the colonies.

charge of Dr. Hutchinson, The Australian left Eng-
land in August last with siege guns, ammunition, &c.
She towed the reserve powder vessels from Varna to
BalaMaya., since which time she has been employed con-
veying sick and wounded from the Crimea to Constan-

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.

titiopre.
The Royal yacht Fairy, Master Commander Welch,
had her masts taken out yesterday preparatory to going
into dock this morning at Portsmouth to undergo a few
repairs and a thorough re-embellishment. The Falcon,
14, screw-sloop, Commander Pullen, was ordered to leave
pithead last evening fog Sheerness with supernume-
raries for the blockships at the Tore, and others for
passage to join the Baltic fleet. The Imperieuse,
51, Captain R. B. Watson, was not docked until yes-
terday, owing to the foul weather. The Sealark,
naval instruction brig, Lieut. Lowther, returned to Ports-
mouth yesterday morning from a cruise in the Channel.
By letters from Bombay Dockyard, dated the 30th of
April, we learn that an important and powerful expedi-
tion was ready for the word to proceed to the Persian
Gulf and commence the offensive against the Shah of
that territory. "We have now," says our letter, "ready
to embark 15,000 men, and only wait for the word
Go.' There are eight heavily-armed steam-ships, six
smaller ones,lo river boats well armed, and 12 guraboats.
This fleet will be commanded by Rear-Admiral Sir H.
Leeke, Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Navy, who
will hoist his flag in the steam-frigate Assaye, which
mounts two 84-pounders on pivots, and ten 68's."
The Geyser, 6, paddle-wheel steam-sloop, Commander
R. Drew, reported yesterday from Woolwich, is from the
Baltic. She left Elsinore on the 23d ult., with eight
prizes in charge, towing six of them. She passed the
Scaw on the 27th ; on the 28th, during a heavy gale, five
of them parted their tow-ropes, the other was cast off,
about half sea over, it blowing at the time a heavy gale
from east-south-east. The Geyser has brought home the
crews of the late brigs Commodore, of Montrose, and the
Ophelia Mary, of South Shields, except the masters,
who remain by the wrecks. The Commodore was
wrecked on the Lessee Island, and the Ophelia Mary on
the coast of Sw( den. Both crews, 16 iu number, were
landed at Sheerness on To ursday afternoon.
The followins, officers have taken up their commissions
add joined the Glutton floating battery at Sheerness :
First Lieutenant Richard Dawkins, Lieut. Nares, Mr.
Richards, master, and Mr. W. C. P. Grant, paymaster.
A court-martial assembled on board the Waterloo, at
Sheerness, yesterday, to try Mr. William Lane, a first-
class assistant-engineer, supernumerary on board the
Hastings, for desertion. There were other charges
against him, but he was tried on the one charge named.
Ie addition to the officers who sat on the former court-
martial to try Lieut. Packwood, were Capt. James J.
Stopford, of the Calcutta, and Captain Arthur Cum-
ming, of the Glutton. The charge of desertion was fully
proved, and the prisoner was sentenced to six months'
irnnrisonment in Maidstone Gaol.
Orders have been forwarded to the detachment of the
94th Foot, doing duty at Aldershott Camp, for the men
to be held in readiness to join the headquarters of the
regiment at Portsmouth, previous to its embarkation at
Gibraltar. It was expected that the head-quarters at
Windsor and the detachment at the Tower would have
proceeded to Portsmouth yesterday; the departure,
however, has been postponed : and at a late hour yes-
terday evening no order for the march was received at
the Tower. It is considered probable that the regiment
will not embark before Thursday, the 14th ire-t.
The new large screw steamer Oneida will leave Green-
wich to-day for Liverpool, with the following officers on
board :—Lieut.-Colonel Stratton, of the 77th Foot ;
Lieut.-Colonel the Hon. H. Hancock, 97th ; Lieutenants
M`Donald, Makinson, Durand, Allen, M‘Nore, Crauford,
Cleather, M`Murdo, Bryan (Royal Artillery); Mr. Les-
lie and Ensigns Campbell, Allayne, and Hankys; Major
Weylen, of the Turkish Irregular Cavalry; Captain For-
rest ; Drs. Scott, Morton, and Ford, will also proceed
by the Oneida.
On Wednesday the depot of the 3d Buffs arrived in
Cork from Buttevant, en route for Winchester, num-
bering about 300 rank and file, under command of Major
Green, with the following officers :—Capt. Cole, Capt.
Kains, Lieut. Coussmaker, Depot Adjutant ; Lieut.
Pope, Depot Paymaster, Lieut. Henry, Lieut. Suttie,
Ensign Breeden, and Assistant-Surgeon Day. A strong
draught of the Buffs is to embark from Cork for the
Crimea in the course of a few days.
On Sunday 13 invalids from the 41st, 63d, 30th, 77th,
and 83th regiments, arrived in Cork per the London
boat, from Chatham. The appearance of these men,
heroes of Alma and Inkerman, was deplorable, some
having lost legs and arms. They have been discharged
on a pension of ls. a-day, with travelling money to
enable them to proceed home.
It is in contemplation to establish a "Medical Staff
Corps,"io be made up of volunteers from the regular
army or from .men lately discharged, to consist of nine
companies, and to be composed of—Purveyors' Depart-
ment, 1 steward, as sergeant-major ; 4 assistant-
stewards, as sergeants ; 6 issuers, as privates ;
2 washerrnen, as corporals ; 1 cook, as sergeant ;
3 assistant-cooks, as privates. Surgeons' Depart-
ment —1 wardmaster, as colour sergeant ; 8 as-
sistant-wardmasters, as corporals ; 2 barbers, as privates;
50 orderlies, as privates ; total, 78. The corps will thus
consist of 9 stewards, as sergeant-mnjor, pay ss. a-day ;
9 wardmasters, as colour-sergeants, 45.; 36 assistant-
stewards, as sergeants, and 9 cooks, as sergeants, 3s. 6d.;
90_ assistant-wardmasters, as corporals, 2s. 6d. ; 549

GREAT WESTERN AND BRENTFORD.

A meeting of the inhabitants of Brentford was held
on Tuesday to consider the propriety of supporting the
above undertaking ; Mr. J. Montgomery in the chair.
Mr. H. G. DAY, one of the directors, having explained
the advantages of the proposed line and docks to the
town of Brentford, and also to the Great Western Rail-
way Company, resolutions were passed in favour of the
project, and the meeting separated.

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PRICE SD.

ANOMALOUS CONDUCT OF THE GEILIIAN
GOVERNMENTS.

The German Governments appear to us, throughout
the great transactions of diplomacy and of war which
have for the last two years engrossed the attention o 1
the world, to have taken a very inaccurate and incom-
plete view of their own interests and of their duties to-
wards the other Powers of Europe. They have nego-
tiated without effect, they have partially armed them-
selves without an ohject, they have even signed protocols
and treaties without the resolution to act up to their en-
gagements ; and, as we advance more and more deeply
into this contest, we are reluctantly compelled to lay
aside and to dismiss all faith in the assurances or the
energy of those States. AL the present crisis in the war,
at the outset of the second campaign, and when the ope-
rations of the allied armies are beginning to tell with
effect upon the enemy, we hold it to be not only our
right but our duty to point out to the Cabinets of Vienna
and Berlin the results of their own puerile and unde-
cided conduct. We say of Vienna and Berlin, because,
from the recent language of the Austrian Government,
we infer that it must, for all practical purposes, he
ranked with that of Prussia. Indeed, of the two leading
German Powers, Prussia is at least entitled to the merit
of greater consistency than her rival. Prussia has not
incurred the expense of raising, equipping, and main-
taining an army of 000,000 men which sh is afraid to
use. Prussia has not signed a treaty of alliance with
one of the belligerents in June, and another treaty with
the Western Powers in December, binding herself to
unite her whole efforts with those Powers until the just
objects of the war are thoroughly obtained. Prussia
was not present at the Conferences of Vienna, and there-
fore did not give her unqualified moral support to the
propositions of the Western Powers. • Thus far Prussia
at least escapes the charge of inconsistency which may
be urged against Austria, and the only practical diffe-
rence between the two States now is, that while the
Court of Berlin has long since neutralised and extin-
guished whatever influence it once possessed in Europe,
that of Vienna is somewhat more slovily following its
example.
The object of the German Courts has been—first, to
prevent, and afterwards to arrest, the course of hostili•
ties, and to obtain some securities from Russia against
the renewal of these calamities. They have utterly failed
in their attempts to accomplish these objects, in spite of
every advantage of geographical position, or political in-
fluence, and of military power. They have failed for
want of determination to give effect to their policy, and
to assume an attitude which should convince Russia they
were in earnest. They had it in their power to prevent
the war, by a positive declaration to the Emperor Ni-
cholas in April, 1854, that his refusal to submit to terms
would be regarded as a cases belli by the whole of Eu-
rope. Austria had it again in her power to compel
Russia to terminate the struggle by declaring her resolu-
tion to go to war in April, 1855, if the Third Point of
the negotiation was not fully accepted and put into exe-
cution. Having failed on these occasions by their own
want of decision and courage, these Courts are entirely
mistaken if they imagine that they can continue to exer-
cise any influence whatever on the policy of the belli-
gerent Powers. They might have been powerful against
Russia, but theyare powerless against us. The same in-
capacity of action which has confined them within a neu-
trality guarded by protocols blunts the edges of their
weapons, and the West has nothing to fear from their de-
sertion or their resentment. If they imagined that their
assistance was necessary to our success, or their counsel
to our policy, the events of the past week and those
which are rapidly succeeding each other on the theatre
of war may undeceive them. They might have shared in
the measures of the Western Powers, destined to restore
security to the East, and to reduce the preponderance of
that empire which hangs like a cloud upon their own
frontiers. They might have participated in the arrange-
ments which victory will one day enable the allied
Powers to dictate. Great concessions and an extreme
forbearance have been resorted to for the purpose of ena-
bling Germany to resume her proper position in Europe.
Those conciliatory measures not having been attended
with success, and Germany having withheld her support
when it might have been of use to us, it remains for the
Western Powers to show the world that they can carry
on the war without it. The day of negotiations is past ;
the feeble artifices of irresolute Ministers are at an end.
We are now entitled to use the language of Powers hav-
ing 200,000 effective troops in the Crimea, and, while
Russia contends for her preponderance in the Euxine,
the allied flotilla sweeps the coasts and harbours of the
Sea of Azoff.
The storm of war which has long hung lowering over
the southern coast of Russia ha= now burst in all its fury
urn the empire. The affrighted craft which had sought
refuge within the straits of Yenikale, and the steamers-
of-war employed by the enemy in maintaining his com-
munications with the opposite coast, have within four
days of the seizure of Kertch perished by the hands of
the Russians, or fallen a prize to the allied fleets. Im-
mense stores of grain, of cattle, and 100 guns have been
taken or destroyed. About 24 ve:sels of the allied fleet
are of sufficiently small draught to navigate those waters,
and this flotilla has instantly swept all resistance before
it. The fort of Arabat, commanding the southern ex-
tremity of the tongue of land along which one of the
post roads passes into the peninsula, has been shelled
and blewn up, The town of Berdiansk, one of the best
ports on the north coast of the Sea of Azoff, burned its
magazines and scuttled its steamers on the approach of
our ships ; and we shall without difficulty retain posses.
sion of these waters, forming an integral portion of the
Russian territories, during the continuance of the war.
The possession of the north eastern coast of the Crimea
enables the allies to cut off the supplies, and even to
menace the retreat of the enemy, while the increased
force of the allied armies enables them to assume a more
threatening attitude in his front. On the same day
that the forces occupied Kertch a French corps d'arntee
crossed the Tchernaya and encamped at Tchorgoum,
on the right bank of that stream, and there is rea-
son to believe that the Turkish army at Eupatoria has
received reinforcements, which will speedily enable Omer
Pasha to advance. The general plan of operations is
still disguised in secrecy, and as our observations are
transmitted daily to St. Petersburg in four or five hours,
we shall not attempt to fathom it. But it is no secret
that the Allied commanders are now in possession of
forces which must be greatly superior to those of the
enemy, and of a position which enables them to use those
forces with the utmost facility. These preparations were
made while Prince Gortschakoff was exhausting the
Conference of Vienna by the prolixity of his speeches
and the subtlety of his objections, and the diplomatic
scruples of that Envoy will cost his Sovereign and his
country millions of treasure and thousands of lives.
Such we believe to be at this time the prospects of the
war. A career of success seems opening before us,
which we trust our officers, both by sea and land, will
energetically pursue to its furthest consequences, with-
out fear of being impeded by any further negotiations
during the course of the campaign. Any attempt of the
German Powers to renew these discussions at the pre-
sent time deserves only to be regarded as an attempt to
mske a diversion in favour of the enemy. The basis on
which the negotiations were opened in April is no longer
applicable to the present state of affairs. Russia has
had numerous and ample opportunities of averting the
calamities and reverses which seem destined to befall
her, but she has deliberately rejected them, because, in
the ignorance and presumption which have marked her
conduct throughout this quarrel, she had miscalculated
the power really arrayed against her. Austria and
Prussia have had similar opportunities of arresting
the effusion of blood, but they have failed as me-
diators because ihey had failed an Allies, and they
have seen nothing in this broad European ques-
tion but their own petty advantage. War by its
stern reality, reduces these illusions and artifices to
their proper value. The principle of military honour,
which is in the eyes of Mr. Gladstone of such small
account, is in reality the ultimate test to which these
contests of mankind mist be submitted, for the battles
of the world are its lessons, its judgments, and the sanc-
tion of its laws. Every success of our arms is a step to
the restoration of order and of peace, on condition that
we never recede, but advance fearlessly to the end of our
efforts and the triumph of our cause.—Tinges.

_
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a corps of Royal Military Ariiacers was accordingly
:N. El VS
it seems to have occurred to Lieutenant- lif64.lEi.iliVlke
Green, the chief engineer at the fortress, itilistgot*,•,.;;-,
formation of a company of " military alai` ,7?e4;e-,11%,
men who would be at once artisans an, I.' ...04::4P .
who at one and the same time might be d: i'';•'—'1.K.317,,,,
for mechanical dexterity and n ilitary obeciienche Ti , scheme was adopted, and on the 6th of 14arch,"VP72, •
warrant was issued for the formation of a body to be
nalled "the Soldier-Artificer Company," or "the Military '
Company of Artificers," and the description of its com-
position will show how well the designation was de-
served. This singular company was to consist of 1
sergeant-major, 3 sergeants, 3 corporals 1 drummer,
and 60 privates, or " working men skilled in the follow-
ing trades :—stonecutters, masons, miners, limeburners,
carpenters, smiths, gardeners, or wheelers ;" so that the -
service was provided with a regular body of trades, and
all the mechanical arts likely to be useful in military
operations seemed to be brought effectually under com-
mand. Such was the origin of that corps which is now
styled "the Corps of Royal Sappers :lad Miners," arid
which, from these special and circumscribed functions,
has since been advanced to duties mere universal and
multifarious than those of any other department of the
army.
It soon became clear that a class of men so servicea-
ble at Gibraltar would he useful in other spheres too, and
raised in England in 1787. This corps, which was to ,
be 600 strong, was composed of carpenters, masons,
bricklayers, smiths, wheelers, sawyers, miners, painters,
Coopers, collar-makers, and a species of general rank and
.
file termed comprehensively "labourers ;" and with this
body of men the original Soldier-Artificer Corps of
Gibraltar was incorporated ten years later. The Artifi-
cers, of Course, took part in the employment with which
all departments of the army were soon provided by Vie
great wars of the Revolution, and it was during their
service in the Peninsular campaigns that they first as-
sumed those peculiar functions and acquired that cha-
racteristic designation by which they have been since
distinguished. Their agency
smtyilneidngt,heth,e,Rßooyaall
was principally required iu siege operations, and,
Atiflitcifiper:crsesasaomfesaupltpiimngataerelyd
as these operations involved scien-
y
the army had suf-
fered and Miners," though it was not until
severely from the want of a sufficient body of
skilled workmen to execute the design
s of engineer
officers that this change took place.
After the peace the duties of the corps, which had been
thus in some sense contracted, or, at any rate rendered
special, were expanded fn-eiraost_ remarkable degree. Ai
the days of war seemed to be over, and as there were
no more sieges going on, the Royal Sappers and Miners,
though theoretically instructed in the use and practice of
miningasapping, &c., became employed on services so
various and extraordinary that as much:work was found
for the corps in peace as in war. They represented, in
fact, a body of men of the most useful description. For
military purposes they were soldiers, and as such were
disciplined, obedient, trained to act in concert, familiar-
ised with the use of arms, and ready, according to the
terms of their engagement, to be despatched at a mo-
ment's notice to any part of the world. For civil pur-
poses, again, they were artisans, and artisans of no com-
mon proficiency. They were practically conversant with
the principles of mathematics, skilled in the use of
machines and instruments, and taught to extemporise
resources in positions of difficulty or hazard. In short,
they were so many clever, well-instructed men, made
manageable, and when, as occurred often enough, a man
of this stamp was wanted, recourse was had to one of
the Sappers and Miners. Sappers and Miners accom-
panied the expedition to the Euphrates, the journey into
the interior of Africa, and the mission for settling Ame-
rican boundary questions. Sappers and Miners con-
ducted the Ordnance survey of the kingdom, Lithe course
of which duty they constructed their aerial observatories
like crows' nests on the summit of our loftiest cathedral
towers. Sappers and Miners, again, superintended some
of the principal arrangements of the Great Exhibition,
and thus applied their talents to service after service
until they were once more summoned to their more spe-
cial duties before the work of Sebastopol.
In making this reference to Mr. Conolly's work we
have been desirous not only of introducing the reader to
a subject of considerable interest at the present time,
but of pointing out what very ample scope is provided in
this department of the army for any volunteers whose
qualifications may happen to exceed those of mere phy-
sical strength and capacity. Such a service as we have
been describing must combine with the ordinary allure-
ments of a military life unusual facilities for the display
of mechanical dexterity, and much of the talent com-
monly discernible in the working classes of the popula-
tion would find; we should think, a suitable field in the
corps of the Royal Sappers and Miners.--Times.

'ITER

~~J

DESTRUCTIVE FIRE AT MESSRS. PENN AND
.SONS', THE GOVERNMENT EIVOINEERS.
Yesterday morning, between the hours of twelve and
one o'clock, considerable consternation was causedin the
neighbourhood of Greenwich and Deptford, owing to the
outbreak of a most extensive fire in the well-known pre-
mises belonging to Messrs. J. Penn and Sons, Govern-
ment engineers, &c., situate at Deptford-pier, near
Greenwich. The building in which the fire was first
perceived was of considerable extent, and was used as
the painters shops, in which property of great value was
deposited. From the last-named compartment the
flames seized hold of the spacious floors containing models
valued at some thousand pounds, termed the pattern
stores. Owing to the magnitude of the premises and
• the vast extent of goods deposited therein, the flames
speedily assumed a most fearful aspect, and rose so high
as to illuminate the east and south end of the metropo-
lis. Owing to the bend in the river many of the Bre-
men imagined that the confiaeration was raging on the
Surrey side of the water, whilst others came to the
conclusion that is seat was at Blackwell, consequently
not fewer than eleven of the Brigade engines, includ-
ing the steam-float and the lower float, as well as that
of the West of 'England Fire•engine, started towards
the spot from London, Mr. Superintendent Braidwood
having the command of the first-named force, and Mr.
Connorton the charge of the West of England body of
firemen. Upon gaining the scene of the disaster, which
was ultimately learned from a mounted police express,
the firemen found that two private engines had previously
arrived, as well as two from her Majesty's dockyard at
Deptford, and lengths of hose having been attached to
the supply-cooks of the reservoirs, some thousand tons
weight of water were thrown upon the conflagration ;
but in spite thereof and the exertions of all present, in-
cluding upwards of 40 firemen, the flames could not be
entirely extinguished until nearly five o'clock in the
morning, and not until the painters' shops and all they
contained were destroyed, the pattern stores of the first
floor burned out, and about half of the roof burned off.
The lower floors and the valuable stock in trade are also
severely damaged by water, and RO are the carpenters'
wo7ksbops by fire, &c. The loss, which is very heavy,
will tall upon the Sun, Phoenix, and Rent Fire-offices.
A very searching inquiry was made during the day by
the principals of the firm to ascertain if possible how the
misfortune occurred, but nothing satisfactory could be
obtained ; but the prevailing, opinion is that it arose from
the spontaneous ignition of some oily wipings. The
business which the firm has on hand for the Government,
it should be stated, will not be in the least degree inter-
rupted, as that waS carried on iu the other factory at
Greenwich, the premises in which the fire broke out
being used only as the boiler-makers, coppersmiths,
painters, and carpenters' shops: The police and inhabi-
tants rendered essential service to the firemen in extin-
guishing the conflagration, and had it not been for their
exertions a far more serious amount of property must
have been destroyed.

THE REPRESENTATION OF MALDON.

Mr. Mechi has issued the following address to the
electors of the borough of Maldon :
I "Gentlemen,—l aspire to the honour of representing
you in Parliament whenever a vacancy occurs. I do
not ask this as a favour, because I consider the obliga-
tion in such cases mutual. Living, as I do, aniongstr
you, you are well acquainted with my general conduct,
character, and opinions. In politics I have always been
a consistent Liberal, having
invariably, as a citizen of
London, voted for liberal candidates. My patural in-
clination is for improvement, whether general or poli-
tical, and we know that all things require looking after
to repair the damage caused by time, corruption, or
decay. Our glorious constitutionlforms no exception
to this general rule. In religion lam a steady Church-
man, with a large measure of toleration for those
who conscientiously differ from our formularies. I can
never forget that much of dissent was caused by the
once lax and venal condition of our state church. Hap-
pily those days of pluralities and neglect have passed
away. lam decidedly in favour of educating the mil-
lion. As a mere matter of business, knowledge is power
gaenntumber
as ignorance is weakness. You know my practice in
daawiynlisegd,lfare is attackedudirectly
this matter. lam an advocate for cheap, quick, and
dense and simplify our statutes. I have a great horror
honest law, and will support any measuroerthmatowntihllse,obny-
of the Court of Chancery. In
caonbeuusiianteiosEicoubnttrywmlhiekeneni
ours it never can be necessaenrwyteeatkonsdoccinutpeylli
of years in the investigation of facts that Would be
i noogufnari
tapyfiee,
awocoferd
olaauns
rcaeomrrhtd:iniannoaaumrbyrla, ent rdii
or through our allies, let us castigate our
fully and effectively. I like no half enemies man-
are un-British. Let us do in war, : measures—they
try to find the right man for' the a.s we do in business,
taken a deep interest in the irn right place. I have
tional agrieu!ture as a means of Pf
rovetnent of our Na-
our industrious millions, anti 1 pee meat
and employing
holder, I have t. ' a thou -h but a small land-
prac scd what I
ti?lis with my tenasit.
wilii preached in my transac-
wish y(
, )u clear]y
to unde . ,t, soliciting your votes, I
unshackled by any rsiand that Ido so individually,
elusion, I wili,:make Personal or political alliance. In con-
shall exercise 11 ' inn pledges, but if you elect me,
,I
ent man, accuridYinju(igmult as an honest and independ-
my ciinntrv.—l have to circumstances, for the benefit of
, . .., ave the honour to Le, gentlemen, faith.
oily yonr%
"-J. J. MEcur.

I,lptree-ball, Kelvetion, Essex,

May 2G, 1855."

A CASE OF POISONING LT CIIATRAL—On Wednes-
day mo) ring intelligence reached the barracks that
Private W. Walsh, 45th Reknisnt, was in a dying state
at a small inn called the George. A party from the
garrison wa, immediu;.tely despatched ; on reaching the
inu the-deceased was sitting between two young women
of the town, who, it would appear, had been NN ith him
during the night. He was taken back on a stretcher
to the garrieoo hospital, where he expired in the course
of the day. .The only word that he was understood to
utter was " nsison, poison." A coroner's inquest is
to be held, when further light may be thrown upon the
subject. A draft of the 45th left on Wednesday morn•
ing, in which Walsh was to have been ineuded.