The Sun.
London, England, 1855-10-06 00:00:00

LONDON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1855.

plains, from which we should have been
compelled ultimately to return, without
having in our hands the pledges of future
security." There can be no doubt as to the mean-
ing of this emphatic argument. The inference is
plain and unequivocal, namely, that it is the in-
tention of the Allies to retain a " material gua-
rantee, and to keep possession of that which they
have conquered with so much difficulty, and after
so lavish an expenditure of blood and treasure."
This is, indeed, a satisfactory assurance, one for
which the nation has been anxiously looking, and
which, if made in perfect sincerity, will insure
its strenuous and unflinching support for the
Noble Lord, and such of his colleagues as parti-
cipate in these manly sentiments. If that be the
ruling policy of his Government, he may safely
purge his Cabinet from the detrimentals by
which it is encumbered, and fearlessly meet
any opposition from any quarter. He will, in-
deed, be the man of the people, whom no in-
fluence can seriously affect, and whose position
will be perfectly invincible.
There was another allusion no less satisfactory,
inasmuch as it shows that he is perfectly aware of
the tendency of "Germanism," and that he at least
cannot be bamboozled by the deceptive profes-
sions of those who have preferred a contemptible
neutrality to a more honourable and straightfor:
ward course. He declared that Russia " had
nothing to fear from Austria or from Prussia."
So far as they were concerned, " she was at
liberty to send down to the Crimea and to defend
Sebastopol, and to drive our armies, as she
vainly boasted she would do, into the sea.
" She had nothing to prevent her from sending
division after division, and army after army—
the garrison of Poland (!) and the garrison of
St. Petersburg—every man she could feed, at so
distant a place. She had nothing of danger upon
her frontier to prevent her reinforcing her Cri-
mean army, and replacing, by fresh recruits, the
losses she had sustained in battle." From these
indisputable facts he was more than justified in
his assertion that it was not a mere " siege," but
a great campaign, in which we were fighting
against the whole military force of Russia, and
that we have conquered that Power, and
gained the splendid prize for which we
were contending ; but we also are equally
warranted in believing that, having shown
so just an appreciation of Austrian duplicity and
insincerity, he will not again suffer himself to be
humbugged, or in any degree influenced by the
partisans of Germanism ! It was the manly re-
sistance which he offered to an unconstitutional
principle that led to his great popularity,
and elevated him to the position which he
now so worthily and efficiently occupies.
For a time it exposed him to insult and
deprived him of office, but it gave him a strength
and power with the Parliament, and better still,
with the People of Great Britain, which so long
as he justifies their confidence, no intrigues could
disturb, no influence shake. Let him, then, continue
in that course—let him still maintain the high
spirit that prompted the declaration, that
" England had no cousins," and he may rest
easy in the assurance of popular support—
support so enthusiastic and powerful that every
effort of Germanism must be fruitless against its
possessor, and must fail to evict from office the
man who will thus clearly have shown that he
is not the Minister of Russia, the Minister of Aus-
tria, the Minister of Prussia, or the Minister of
Coburg, but truly and emphatically THE MINISTER
OF GREAT BRITAIN.

Lord PALMERSTON on the capture of Sebasto-
pol is a truly attractive subject—one that will
arrest the attention of
,men of all ranks and
classes throughout the length and breadth of the
land. Many will look curiously for a vindica-
tion of the past policy ; all, for any hint or allu-
sion by which an inkling of the Ministerial inten-
tions as to the future of Russia may be obtained.
It could scarcely be supposed that, in answer to
an address from the inhabitants of Romsev—
although that answer was practically framed for
the perusal of the entire community—the PREMIER
would distinctly or explicitly refer to prospective
measures, or pledge his Government to any par-
ticular course. But as a feather thrown up indi-
cates the direction of the wind, so may some ap-
parently superficial observations exhibit the
character and disposition of the human thought,
and enable us to form a tolerably accurate esti-
mate of the objects of the speaker.
Regarding the matter in this point of view,
we derive considerable encouragement from Lord
PALMERSTON'S address—not from any vague
generalities as to "the result of the con-
test, placing the future liberties of Europe,
and the main and permanent interests
of the countries which are now allied in a sure,
a stable, and lasting foundation ;" but from the
general tone and temper of the remarks, and
more especially from the reasons assigned for the
steps 'already taken. If any value could at any
time have been attached to pompous platitudes
respecting "honourable and permanent peace,"
&c., ac., it would have been completely dissi-
pated by the condum. -c LOi'd JOHN RUSSELL,
who, while uttering the " pravest ords," and in-
dulging in language worthy of ancient PISTOL
himself, was privately persuading the Government
of which he was a member to accept the deceitful
propositions of Austria, urging that " the ques-
tion was between an imperfect security for
Turkey and for Europe, and the continuance of
the War r Thus, Privately disregarding and
setting at nought his public professions. We,
therefore, infinitely prefer the unintentional
expression of a man's real sentiments, and some
of these may be gathered from the speech of the
Premier.

lowers, and give themselves the example of it.
Some will think that the willingness of MANIN,
as avowed in his lately-published letter, to ac-
cept the King of SARDINIA as a constitutional
Monarch of an Italy emancipated from the Aus-
trian yoke, is a symptom of moderation which
alarms these Ultra-Republicans. That hence they
wauld hazard a hopeless Republican revolution
rather than accept a constitutional . Government.
Mizzrm's conduct at one time naturally suggests
this, and KOSSUTH thinks the King of SARDINIA
has been entangled in a despot War. We can
hardly imagine, however, that both would not re-
joice if Austria were driven from Italian terri-
tory, and constitutional Government prevailed
throughout Lombardy, Venice, and the Roman
States.

KOSSUTH, LEDRTJ ROLLIN, MAZZINI ! How
Whigs and Tories, and lucky Corn-law Repealers,
and Violators of the Post-office, and the negotia-
tors of gold remittances from the Bank of Eng-
land to the treasury of the CZAR—how they all
will sneer at the sight of an appeal to Europe
signed by three such names. Had each of them
been successful they would have proclaimed them
first-rate men. and. Rona 41‘,.;•• •07.v^ 11---;
with his loan, another with his merchandise. They
might not have liked their success, but n'importe
they would soon have found that it was profitable
to praise and to use it. Now they are " penni-
less exiles," "enthusiastic incapables "—well if it
be not added " reckless adventurers." They may,
however, calmly smile at the censures and the
censors. As Cardinal WOLSEY replied to the
Aristocrat of his day who taunted him with being
the son of a butcher—if their fathers had been
butchers they would have been butchers too.
They have not assuredly during the last two years
been very " enthusiastic" in the War the people
compelled them to undertake ; neither have they
particularly distinguished their class as " capables"
in the eyes of Europe; even the Times of yesterday
vehemently witnessing that their share in the War,
in contrast with that of our private soldiers, is the
derision of Europe. As to the reproach of poverty,
they at least administer the patronage of the State
in obedience to the injunction to "care for their
own." If any of them be penniless it is generally
because they part with their pence on the ap-
proved aphorism of " Poor RICHARD"—" light
come, light goes."
It is not for us now, however, to vindicate the
claims of these men to moral or intellectual great-
ness. The deeds of each are before the world, and
whatever their political miscalculations, no im-
partial man will deny the Italian and Hungarian
patriots the credit of having displayed mar-
vellous ability under most difficult circum-
stances, and of failing from the same cause which
has not diminished the fame of NAPOLEON I.,—
external and irresistible force. These Whigs and
Tories may, however, well blush for very shame
at the result of their policy. It is now clear to
all, as we were not backward to foretel at the
time, that the Anti-Hungarian policy, avowed in
asgraceful epithets by Lord JOHN RUSSELL in
1848, has issued in rendering Austria the mere
satrap of the CZAR, in annihilating the capacity
of Hungary to become the south-eastern bulwark
of freedom and civilisation ; and in thus em-
boldening the CZAR of Moscow to unchain his pent-
up ambition, and to aim at Constantinople. Our
worthless governors have uniformly denounced
intervention, unless it were to uphold tyranny,__
when it was to trample a nation under a Haps-
burg, or a Bomba, or an odious Langrave, they
have winked at it.

We incline, however, to think that they wish
to compel the Allies to wage a peoples' War. They
see and proclaim that the War has been one
merely to redress the balance of despotism. The
German Potentates, feebleness itself as powers,
but omnipotent in backstairs' influence, have well
contrived this. These, politically speaking, slave-
holding States of Europe, have " dominated" the
policy of the freer kingdoms, as effectually as the
" Nigger floggers" of America give law to the
Free States of the Union. Thcy have shielded
Russia on her really vulnerable eide, Poland.
They have compelled us to " spare Russian terri-
tory," and thus forfeit the alliance and invaluable
aid of Sweden and Poland too. These noble pa-
triots have felt all this of course, even more than
the majority of Englishmen. We feel and de-
nounce the meanness and cruelty of the policy
which sacrifices our money and our troops, rather
than offend the odious Austria, and the match-
hunting Prussia, and hazard the liberation of the
nations ;—but they belong to these nationalities.
Their contempt of the hoax practised on England
by her despot-loving aristocracy must naturally ex-
ceed ours—at least their disappointment, that the
people do not merely compel their governments
tohumble Russia, but to do their work thoroughly.
And they know the traitorous reason for all this
—they know that Czars, and Kdnigs, and Kaisers,
and Hertzogs too, arc dearer to Courts and Cabi-
nets than the nations they oppress. They think
that Russia will not make peace after a defeat,
nor the Allies ask it, after a victory ; they hope
that the fall of Sebastopol is but the commence-
ment of the real struggle, and they aim to force
on the recreant, amongst the Allies, a War for
a worthy object.

We can but remark here their accordance with
a statesman, no revolutionist certainly, M. De
PERSIGNY. In his remarkable letter to the Em-
peror of FRANCE, he showed that the emancipa-
tion of Poland is precisely the object needed to
elevate the character of the War—that it alone
would impart an enthusiasm, a nobleness to it,
which would be more than a counterpoise to the
superstitious phrenzy of the Russians. KOSSUTH
and his companions write in the same strain.
Every honest man must. Had Poland been
threatened or attacked, either through the Baltic
Seaboard, or from Bessarabia and Odessa, we be-
lieve we should now have been nearer the termi-
nation of the War. Detractors may sneer as they
please, but of this we believe every Englishman is
quite satisfied, that had a KOSSUTH had been our
Prime Minister when an ABERDEEN was, either
we should have had no war at all, or, by this
time, Russia would have been trembling, not
merely for the Crimea, but for St. Petersburg,
and next for Moscow.

Very gratifying is it to us to turn from the
mouthings of pseudo-patriots and philanthropists
to the honest English utterances of such men as
Sir EDWARD BULWER LYTTON and Sir JOSEPH
PAXTON.

Of course it is easy to criticise the vagueness
of this proclamation of War against despots ; as
if these patriots, supposing them to have definite
plans, would trumpet them to their savage
enemies. Except in its length it is not more
vague than most declarations of War. Assuming
it to be genuine, which of course needs confirma-
tion, the question of interest is—Why is it pub-
blished ? Why hazard putting all the despots on
their guard ? Why induce them to huddle up a
peace of any sort rather than employ their troops
in undeifying the god of the despots ? The
writers of the proclamation, doubtless, weighed
these things well ; they are not men, we believe,
to do them justice, more heedless of civil carnage
than theirrevilers. They cannot desire premature
and individual risings. They know what mobs
are against soldiers. One principal reason, doubt-
less, is to manifest the union of the exile leaders.
They lay Area on unity of aim among their fol.

Unlike each other as they are in many respects,
both may claim a proud position in the van of
those who have illustrated the blessings of peace,
and have served to the best of their ability the
interests of humanity. And now that the loud
-Ty ar pierces the ear of Europe, and a.-
waste of conflict calls for renewed exertions and
sacrifices—now that the honour and welfare of
the country are staked on the successful prosecu-
tion of hostilities—now that so many families
among us are plunged into grief and mourning
for the loss of our brave defenders who have
fallen before the blood-stained walls of Sebastopol
—and individuals dead to the best interests of
their country and of humanity, taking advantage
of these circumstances, prate of the horrorsof War
and the blessings of peace, in order to promote the
trade in cotton—we have the illustrious pair
again at their posts, and, in ringing accents, bid-
ding their countrymen to be of good cheer, and
fight out the good fight of civilisation against bar-
barian aggression, with the certainty of a glorious
issue, and proving their sincerity not by maudlin
sentiment, but by proffering the sacrifice of their
time, energies, and party ambition in their coun-
try's cause.
True, in effect, says the Member for Hereford-
shire, many of our hearths are now darkened
with mourning, " but that mourning is a robe of
honour, a title of nobility, and is conferred on the
humblest Englishman who can point to a hero's
grave and say, `there lies the brother or the
son whom I lost in his country's cause.' "
True, there have been sneers directed against
our raw recruits, but when raw recruits
of seventeen lead on their men with a courage and
a resolution the bravest veterans have never ex-
celled the sneer may be permitted to pass for
what it is worth—it cannot diminish the people's
confidence in their lion-hearted defenders. True,
Sebastopol has been a rough school, but it is
likely to turn out some famous scholars, and so far
from mourning that more glory has not beenreaped
by our soldiers we may well be proud of that match-
less army which, maintaining discipline against
incredible hardships, and earning renown against
such formidable odds, "now holds in Sebastopol
a material guarantee for the rights of nations and
the demands of justice." True, we did not storm
the Malakhoff, or have as immediate a share in
the taking of Sebastopol as the French, but what
of that ?" Do you believe there is any French-
man who would deny us our full share of half
the laurel tree which took its root on the hills of
Alma, because the last gale in the storm of battle
drifted its leaves towards the ranks of the French ?
Why, in the next turn of the wind, those leaves
might be drifted towards us. " Never," continued
this high-spirited English Statesman, " never for
the paltry purpose of damaging a Government to
whom I may be opposed—no, I never will con-
sent to disparage English soldiers"—a manly and
encouraging utterance this.

Thug, in speaking of the vast importance of the
capture of the Russi%n stronghold, and the wise
discretion exercised by the Government in direct-
ing against it the main power of the Allied armies
and navies in the Euxine, rather than in invading
B.aiarabia, and in pursuing the retreating Mus-
covites across the wildernesses of Southern Russia,
he showed that in the latter case, assuming the
most complete success, and that we could have
defeated army after army, we should " at last gain
nothing but the possession of vast &lad exteugye

Not only, however, has the Honourable
Baronet given encouragement to the country and
justice to the maligned army to offer; he has also
lessons to inculcate, and a duty to himself as a
Representative of the ppople to discharge, and
nobly he does so. He is not the man to cen-
esuvrideeanneea,bbsuentthei
Generalthe man u
to tell his pon imperfect and hasty
fellow-
countrymen what he conceives to be faulty, and
to suggest a remedy ; and when he speaks of the
failure on our part to bring "the entire force of
English intelligence and civilisation to bear against
the enemy that we have assumed the right to
despise as barbarians," and declares it " our im-

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDIV!' V_ENING, OCTOBER 6. 1855

perative duty, as Englismen and men of sense,
to force into all departients, military and civil,
that intelligence which i is of it boast to possess,
and without which weiay beat our enemy, but
at the price of the mci fearful loss, and at the
risk of impairing our psition as a wise and en-
lightened people in thwyes of our Allies and the
judgment of less frienly nations," he points out
a serious error and lays the part of a true
patriot. Of the remaider of his speech we shall
say little. It should bread. It is magnificently
English—noble, hones' wise, znd manly; worthy,
in short, of Sir EDWAi as a British Statesman.

Sir JOSEPH PAxTom remarks have the same
English tone, and havcbeen dictated by a similar
spirit. What efforts ,nd sacrifices the former is
prepared to make, andwhat encouragement and
counsel he offers in hi sphere, Sir JOSEPH is pre-
pared to make and )ffers in his ; and both
are for a vigorous proecution of the War, with
every respect to the claims of humanity and
justice.

merchant-marine of Finland will be found to have
sustained an enormous reduction.

The Empress is very far from well. She does
not dine habitually at the Imperial table. Reports
that an official announcement of her grossesse will
soon be inserted in the Moniteur continue to be
circulated. The 15th of the month is mentioned
as the day when, barring accidents, the long-ex-
pected intimation will appear.
There is talk of a treaty having been concluded
with Sweden.
The Council-General of the Bank of France has
raised its rate of discount on commercial bills to 5
per cent. from this day, and has reduced the ex-
tent of time at which those bills will be admissible
for discount to 75 days.

A letter from the Crimea states that the English
naval brigade, who were landed during the siege
of Sebastopol, and the order for whose dissolution
has already been made known, have, as well as the
French, returned to their ships. Their return to
Kasatch and to Balaklava was performed with
great ceremony, the procession being headed by
flags, 1.1-c. A great number of the men were
mounted on mules, which they abandoned with
great regret on reaching the place of embarkation.
The same letter states that several cafes have
been opened at Sebastopol. The bands of the sth
and 46th French regiments assemble in the prin-
cipal streets every afternoon and play French and
English airs, which aro listened to and applauded
by hundreds of English soldiers, who come into
town by permission and without their muskets.
BOURSE, Oct. s.—The market continues on its
downward course, and prices aro again rather con-
siderably lower than yesterday. The following are
the last quotations :

Cash. fr. e.
4 per Cents 9O
3 por Cents 63 85

End of Month.
89f. 900.
63 75

Credit Mobilier ll5O Roman
Credit Foncier — Austrian

13,:lgian Five 5..,..... Spanish Threes
Piedmoutese Bl 50 Hom© Debt 3ll

RAILWAYS—FOB CASH.
fr. c. C.
Orleans lO9O Rouen
Western — Strasburg
Cette — HIM° —

Mediterranean 1170 Cherburq
Northern
Lyons.: 1095 Austrian Com. 728 75

PRUSSIA.

On the 3d inst. the King of Prussia laid the first
stone of the colossal bridge which is to bo thrown
over the Rhine at Cologne.
On this occasion the King in his speech made the
following allusion to the present state of Europe :
" God allows us to place our hand to this work in
the midst of peace. Let us beseech Him to allow
us to continue the work in the enjoyment of all the
benefits of this peace.
"llay God will it that before the last stone is
placed peace may be restored to all Europe."

AMERICA.

SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY EVENING.

The United States' mail steam-ship Arago, Cap
tain Lines, arrived off Cowes this evening en route
for Havre, with the English and French mails,
and 120 passengers, 10 of whom are for England ;
830,000 dols. in specie for Havre, and a cargo con-
sisting principally of flour.
The Arago left New York on the 22d ult. with
the American steam-ship Ariel, also bound for
Havre, with passengers, &c.
During the voyage the Arago spoke on the 22d
alt., 15 miles east of Sandy Hook, a ship, with an
English schooner, showing Maryatt's signals No.
803. On the 30th,l in lat. 49.05, long. 35.15., ex-
changed signals with an English schooner, showing
Maryatt's signals No. 1047.
The mail steam-ship Baltic arrived out from Li-
verpool on the night of the 19th ult.
There was no abatement in the ravages of yellow
fever at Norfolk and Portsmouth. New cases in
other cities were very numerous. The disease
prevailed on the Mississippi and was rapidly
spreading.
The steam-ship Black Warrior had arrived at
New Orleans from Havannah, with dates to the
17th ult. ; there was no news of importance.
Sugars were firm and prices had an upward ten-
dency.
The news brought by the Baltic, together with
the great consumption of gunpowder, owing to the
Eastern war, had caused a considerable advance in
the prices of le'ad and saltpetre. Baltic lead had
advanced 61c. to 61c. per /b. with free sales. The
stock of saltpetre in the United States has become
very small. Crude, which before the war sold at
about 7c. to 71c., was firm at 15c.
The New York Courier and Enquirer contains
a lengthy article upon the dispute between the
United States and Denmark in reference to the
Sound dues, the tone of which shows the question
to be assuming large proportions.
Several persons concerned in the late lamentable
accidents on the Camden and Amboy Railroad have
commenced actions against the company, which
are likely to involve them in law for somo t;mQ.
An accident, attended with loss of life and serious
• • 4. I'n rsons has ~,,urred on the
Jew York Central flailroad. The accident was
caused by the negligence of a switch tender.
A very severe gale occurred at Milwankie, and
several vessels have been destroyed. Among others
the steam-ship Sebastopol was wrecked, and six
lives lost.

In the New York money-market exchange was
very quiet. In sterling there was little or nothing
done. First-class bills were quoted at 91 to 9 per
cent, on London ; Paris, sf. 15c. to sf. 121 c.
Since the arrival of the Baltic the cotton-market
has been heavy, with a downward tendency in
price. _ _

New Orleans was quoted at lOic.
The coffee-market was quiet and prices easier.
In flour the export demand had increased.
Freights had also advanced considerably.
The market for wheat was very firm, and had
advanced a few cents ; there was a large export
demc.nd, but the advance in freights and the diffi-
culty in procuring sound shipping parcels restricted
operations. The sales of the week were heavy. Rye
was wanted at improving prices.
Peas were lower and dull ; barley scarce and in-
quired for ; corn, firm and prices better, closing
at 87c. to 890. western mixed ; hides had declined
ic. per lb., and considerable sales had been made.
The provision-market was firm ; rico dull, with
light sales. The sugar-market was heavy, and
prices had fallen off c. to lc., with little doing.
Tallow was in demand, with sales at 12/c. per lb.
Wool-market steady. There was more activity in
freights, and rates were advancing.