The Sun.
London, England, 1855-08-30 00:00:00

THE OVERLAND MAIL.

INDIA.
We hare received our despatches in anticipation
of the Overland Mail. They incude advices from
Calcutta, July 19 ; Bombay, July 30 ; Canton,
July 8 ; and Hong Kong, July 10.
The following is the summary of the fortnight's
news given by the Bombay Times :
Apprehensions of a scanty monsoon are begin-
ning to be entertained at the Presidency, little rain
having fallen during the past three weeks—in the
interior the season promises to be auspicious. This
state of matters appears to prevail along the sea-
board only ; thosughout the interior of India, so
far as we know, the season promises to be eminently
auspicious. The tranquillity of this period of the
year has been sadly disturbed by a savage de scent
on the low country of mountaineers close by on the
city of Rajhmahal. This, with the territory
ad-
joining, once belonged to the ancient province of
Bengal. The city stands on the sou t-w est bank of
the Ganges, about 70 miles fromMoorshedabad,
and 200 to the northward of Calcutta.
ceased to be the seat of government, an Since it
and
British
courts of justice have been removed from it, it has
lost much of its former • greatness, but is stll sup-
posed to number between
i 20,000 and 30,000 inha-
bitants. Adjoining this s a vast mass of mountain
land, occupied by one of those numerous hill tribes
till of late years hardly known to us, with which
the wilds of India abound, which own no govern-
ment, and which the hand of civilisation has not
touched. They are said not the less to be quiet,
docile, truthful, honest, and industrious, and to be
easily managed by those who have lived on their
borders. For some time past a boy-god has been
worshipped amongst them as an incarnation of
the Divinity, and by him an intimation had of
late been issued that he was to become King, and
they to rule supreme over the ancient dominions of
Rajmahal. It is said that the immediate cause of
the outburst was some quarrel between the moun-
taineers and the railway people, but this appears
uncertain, as, according to other accounts, it ap-
pears to have originated in something about re-
venue or about women. The discrepancies in all
the accounts show that we possess in reality no
authentic information on the subject. The move-
ments of the people are said to have been generally
current, and to have been bruited abroad amongst
the authorities some days before, but as they did not
appear in official form no notice of them was taken.
On the 9th of July a party of 3,000 burst on Raj-
mahal, determined to take the life of every Euro-
pean and native of influence in the district. Nine
or ten thousand more were said to be in reserve
should the first party succeed. Seventeen of the
police were murdered at once, and the principal
houses taken possession of or destroyed. A body
of them were said to have advanced in the direc-
tion of Moorshedabad. Two ladies, Mrs. Thomas
and Miss Pell, on their way from Suthapahar to
Baugumpoor, were ,taken from their palankeens,
and savagely butchered. The Calcutta papers last
received state that the insurgent force had swelled
out to nearly 20,000, and that the country was in
universal panic. They were threatening Beerb-
hoom, had sacked and burned the town of Pickour,'
where the Princess, who had refused to lower the
rents, resided, and were spreading devastation,
pillage, and murder wherever they went—the people
fleeing the-eountry far and near. A detachment of
800 men had been sent out on the 12th under Capt.
Birch from the nearest station, and were advancing
rapidly on the enemy. A couple of guns started
on the 16th from Dum Dum for Berhampore,
which they would not read before the 24th, and
on the same day the 56th Native Infantry left
Calcutta by railway, the 31st being under orders
to proceed from the same quarter by steam
to Berhaurpore. There has been a seri-
ous disturbance in Rajmahal, the district
adjacent to which has been overwhelmed by the
sudden descent of several thousand mountaineers
in the vicinity, determined to take the life of every
European and native of influence—several of the
police and two ladies were murdered, and other ex-
cesses have been committed. Troops have been
sent to quell the disturbance, which is not likely
to be put down without considerable bloodshed.
The Thibetians are said to be suing Nepaul for
peace, and there is to be a conference of some of
the Hill chieftains to arrange the terms of a treaty.
The parliamentary papers in reference to the Five
per Cent. Public Works Loan have been published
in Bombay, and seem to be eminently unsatisfac-
factory. The subscriptions to the Patriotic Fund
in India amount to close upon 80,000 t. Bombay
is at length to obtain a public museum, and it is to
be hoped zoological gardens as well. Much asto-
nishment has been felt at the refusal of the General
Assemb'y of the Church of Scotland to accept the
grants in aid of their Indian missions contem-
plated by the late education despatch. The
Governors of Madras and Bombay have been in to meet the Governor-General at the Neil-
gherries in October, immediately: after which it is
rumoured. that Lord Dalhousie proposes returning
to England to join the cabinet. There is no trutii
in the reports appearing in the home papers, and
fabricated in Bombay, that an army of 15,000 men
was about to proceed with twenty armed steamers
and gun-boat. to Persia from Bombay. The latest
accounts from Persia state that the Shah was most
friendly to us. The Rev. R. Nesbit, of the Free
Church of Scotland's mission in Bombay, after a
useful career of twenty-eight years, fell a victim to
cholera on Friday last ; he bad only been ill for
eleven hours, and up to five o'clock the previous
evening had been occupied in his usual missionary
duties. Trade is dull ; freights are low ;`the money
market is easy.

• INSURRECTION OF THE SANTALS.
(Front the Calcutta Englishman.)
We have at last a little news of our own. While
the British nation is carrying on a great war in the
Baltic and the Black Sea, the East India Com-
pany's Lieut.-Governor of Bengal has got up a
little war of his own in the Rajmahal hills. These
bills overhang the Ganges in their northern extre-
mity, but till very lately were unexplored by
Europeans. There are two distinct tribes, the Hill
men, and a wandering race called Santals. These
last were permitted by the British authorities to
occupy the valleys, and as the immigration became
considerable, Government placed an officer in
charge of the district in 1838, when the population
was about 3,000. In 1852 it had increased to
about eighty thousand, and till within the last few
weeks, a more orderly and contented set of people
was not to be found in Bengal. All at once they
have taken arms, vowing destruction. to their
neighbours, and descending into the neighbouring
country—at first it was said with 5,000 men, which
report has since swelled to ten, fifteen, and lastly
to 80,000—stating that the insurrection has ex-
tended to Soore, and even to Raneegunge, about a
hundred miles from the place where it broke out.
It is too soon to speculate on the causes of this
outbreak ; various reasons are assigned, as will be
seen from the following letters. The most probable
is, that discontent has prevailed among them for
some time, on account of increased taxation, and
that some real or imaginary wrong has sufficed to
rouse to arms people already discontented.
The following reports of the Santal insurrection
are from various correspondents :
The Santals or Hill tribes of Rajmahal are up in arms
to upset the Company's sway. They allege a divine re-
velation for their attempt, and their first step was to call
on the hill darogah to furnish supplies, and, on his r -
fosal to do so, they deliberately seized and murdered
him. This I had from an eye-witness, who also saw the
bodies of others who bad been murdered.
A letter from the neighbourhood of Rajmahal,
dated 11th inst., gives the following account of
the riots :
From what I now hear of the rising of the Santals, it
seems that Pontet has been grinding them for Govern-
ment rent, and that is the primary cause of the row. I
hear that they called on the Santals in the surrounding
zemindaries to join them, but they refused, saying they
had no grievances. This shows plain enough the difference
between the system adopted by the Government and
that by private parties in collecting the land revenue.
There are also reports, of their having found a book in
which it is written that they are to set up a king, and
conquer the whcie of Atte country. They wrote to the
darogah to inform Government that they wanted to fight
them, and to send out their troops as soon as they liked.
The darogah hearing of the assemblage, went out with
his thannah to see what they were up to. At some dis-
tance from where they had met, the darbgah gets on his
palkee, and walks up to them. They asked him what
he wanted. He said he had come to see what they were
tip to. Oh no, said they, you have come to bind and
canTust 14.aad they immediately cut him and his people
,i„ down, took off their heads, and making a pile of them,
,:r1 made a poojah to Kallie. They have a Mahajun (or
rather bad) who Possessed two horses, a white one and
a black. They seat off word to him to send the black
one fertile King. The man thinking they would do no-
thing to him, he being their mahajun, went to them ou
the white horse. They immediately
seized him .and
asked why he bad come on the white horse. He said
be could send the black °me, but he had first come to see
them on th.exhite. They said, you will not obey the
King, and cut him down, adding his head to the pile.
They have, f: believe, "looted" some villages, and the
whole moolk.ia in a fright.
in
The Paharees have not yet joined the Santals, who' have burnt down and plundered some bungalows belong-
ing to the railway people. They afterwards separated
ir into two parties, one going towards Ambour and Pokanr,
a. which latter they plundered. The former will be " looted"
to-day or to-morrow by the other party, reported to be
ai going south along the bank of the river, with the inter,-
tion ofvisiting the
Hon. Mr. Eden at Aurungabad.
Robson and Lyon'
factory at Baneyagraui has closed
in consequence of general bolt of the people. Th.:,
same :s the case with revard to the Neeintollah Cc:
sere, in consequence of the Vat Coolies, whO are Santar,

having joined the insurgents. If all the Europeans
could muster and trust to themselves, and not to the
magistrates, there 50 or 60 guns would soon check the
rioters. The force at the command of Mr. Eden in
worthless. He, however, is to proceed to a factory be-
longing to Mr. Andrews, called Kallapannee, to try his
luck. Toogood, the Berhampore magistrate, left that
station on the 10th, with five companies of the 7th N.I.
and three pieces of artillery, and expected to reach Au-
rungabad to-day or at latest to-morrow. The Bhagul-
pore magistrate has arrived at Rajmahal, and I fancy
that the Hill Rangers must be with him. Ganges
rising a foot a day and more, and weather turned rainy
and bqually, so that you may be sure there is not much
time for letter writing.

Various accounts are given of the origin of the rising,
but it behoves the Government to institute the strictest
inquiry into the matter, and it is feared that some of
the people on the railway will be found mixed up with
it, by having carried off and refused to restore a Santal
lady. Certainly some strong insult or injury must have
provoked these reclaimera of the waste land, for they
are not predatory hill tribes, but peaceful cultivators,
who are accomplishing what the savageness of the " pa-
hariae and the inertness and want of energy of the Ben-
gali have not attempted.
By the latest accounts one or two stations on the line
of railway where the engineers had tried to make a stand
had been forced, and the few Europeans on the line had
assembled at Kadunsha, deep among the hills. Troops
should be sent from Barrackpore by rail to Burdwan,
whence two days' forced marching would enable them to
reach any point of the Beerbhoom district which may
be threatened ; and the only chance of quickly putting
an end to the disturbance will be the rapid concentra-
tion of troops from Dinapore, Scc, by water on Rajtua-
hal and Sikree gully, and from Barrackpore by rail or
by steamer, or both, to Beerbhoom and Jungypore.
There are evidently two, if not more, large parties of in-
surgents, and the lowest reports make each consist of
nearly 10,000 men.

As the origin of the tumult nothing is yet certain.
The railway people one and all affirm most solemnly
that the Santals have have had nothing but kind treat-
ment at their bands, and that they are innocent.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
BOMBAY, July 29.
Our money market during the fortnight has become
easier, and the banks have reduced their rates of inte-
rest 1 per oent., with a prospect of a further fall soon.
Transactions in Government and other securities have
been limited, and prices generally have given way.
Previous to the arrival of the mail the demand for
goods noticed in our last report continued active, and
transactions to a considerable extent were negotiated ;
the home tidings, however, of the falling off both in cot-
ton and piece goods caused a great change in our mar-
kets, and offers, at very much lower figures, began to
be made by the dealers, which, although at first refused,
were eventually accepted, and the sales have been ex-
tensive, but almost on every description of goods at
lower rates than last quoted.
GREY MADAPOLLAMS AND GREY T CLOTHS have been
largely purchased at advanced prices.
GREY LONG CLOTHS have improved in value.
GREY SHIRTINGS—SaIes have taken place at reduced
prices.

- GREY JACCONETS—Stocks are low. There is no de-
mand for the lowest quality.
BLEACHED GOODS are not in such active demand as
grey, and no material change has taken place iu them.
COLOURED GOODS—Although several transactions
have been effected in various descriptions of these goods,
still they have not iniproved in demand, and only fetch
low prices.
Yarns fetch full prices, and are in great demand.
Freights have declined to 3/. 2s. 6d. to 3/. 58. to Li-
verpool, and 3/. ss. to 3/. 10s. to London, with every
prospect of a still further reduction, owing to the recent
arrival of several ships, and the short supply of produce
for shipment. Nothing is doing with China.
Exchange on England during the fortnight has ruled
considerably lower than reported in our last, and the
business done may be quoted as follows :-2s. lid. to
2s. lid. for China, and first-class credits, and 2s. Igd.
to 2s. lid. for documents. On Calcutta we quote Rs.
1011/2 at sight, and Rs. 1001 at 60 days' sight. On
Madras Rs. 1001 at 39 days' sight, and on China Es.
224 at 60 days' sight.

I - CALCUTTA, JULY 17.
The steamer with letters from London of the 9th of
Jane is only just in the river, and letters from Bombay
just to hand have not had time to produce an effect ;
business meanwhile is at a stand, the telegraphic ad-
vices having been merely political.
Our produce market has not generally shown much
activity during the past fortnight. Business has been
principally in sugar, rice, seeds, and latterly saltpetre
has received rather more attention.
The Government sale of opium, held on the 9th inst.,
resulted very favourably as compared with previous
sales. The increased price obtained, notwithstanding
the unfavourable accounts just previously received from
China, is to be attributed to reports very prevalent that
there will be a very considerable decrease in the quan-
tity to be brought forward next year.
Our money market remains without the slightest im-
provement. In exchange the operations for this mail
have been very tifling indeed. At present last mail's
quotations can only be. repeated, say 2-1 to if for first
class credits, and 4 to I above for document bills, six
months' sight, with no demand, - and sale difficult to
effect, "

MILITARY INTELLIGENC.
Casualties by Death in India since the Departure of the
Mail of the 10th July, 1855 :—.
Bombay.—Captain J. P. Winfield, 2d European Light
Infantry, of apoplexy, at Hydrabad (Sinde), on the 3d
July. Dr. T. S. Cahill, Superintending Surgeon,
Poonah Division, at the Mauritia4' on the 15th June..
Bengal—Major Chas. Grissell, 61st Regiment N. 1.,
at Jullunder, on the 29th Jane.

CHINA.
MASSACRE OF TEN THOUSAND
INSURGENTS.
The Pekin Gazette reports that the insurgents
are losing ground in the north of China. The
Overland Priend of China says
Tbo amount of bloodshed at Canton during the last
month has been sickening, When Shaou-king, the
second city of the province, was vacated without fight-
ing, a short time ago, a number of the inhabitants thought
mercy would be shown to them if they gave themselves
up. With equal reason might forbearance have been
expected from the hungry wolf—they were taken to Can-
ton in droves of five hundred ; as many as ten thousand,
it is said, being confined in the city at one time. Kept
without food for several days, when the hour of exami-
nation, so called, arrived, eye witnesses tell of the
utmost callousness being exhibited, the condemned get-
ting into the execution basket with even apparent satis-
faction.
"At the rate of seven and eight hundred a day for
some time, the whole ten thousand, and thousands more,
were soon got rid of. Several were skinned alive, and
one higher criminal than the rest was cut in twenty-four
pieces—lingering dying. From the careless way in which
the bodies are interred in heaps at eastward of the city,
and the disgusting stench in the vicinity of the execution
ground, it will not surprise us to hear of a plague carry-
ing off its victims by thousands.
" But with all these executions and their probable
terrible consequences, there is no abatement of the
rebellion—there is no instance of any of the leaders
giving up the cause for promised rewards ; in no case
have the insurgents retired before, through want of
food and ammunition, all reasonable prospect of success-
ful opposition had apparently gone. From Sbaou-
king-foo they marched north-west, with Hoe Alukh's
band in company, forty thousand strong."
The Hong-Kong Government Gazette publishes
in its first number a notification against trafficking
in female children.
The Overland Friend protests against this inter-
vention, and says :

"Cuba, like other places to which Chinese emigrate,
wants female companions far its male bondsmen. The 40
females in the present case, left their families willingly,
money being given to them in the presence of the Portu-
guese consul as for the customary marriage fees. There
was nothing like kidnapping about it ; and the thug
worked well till British consular precincts were reached
at Amoy, when her Britannic Majesty's acting consul
must needs regard the proceedings as criminal, fine the
captain 1001., and set the females at liberty."
A numerous body cf British merchants at Sha.ng:-
hae have memorialised the consuls of the three
treaty powers, requesting their assistance to effect
an assimilation of the currency of the port to that
now in use at Canton, and pointing out next China
New Year as the fitting time for bringing the pro-
' posed measure into operation. The consuls express
the greatest willingness to co-operate in the matter.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
From the Circular of the Canton Chamber of
Commerce we learn'that several more chops of last
season's congou and other teas have arrived ; the
eongous (Oonams) considerably injured by their
long detention in transit. "No teas, the girpwth
of the present'sfeison, -Lave arrived as yet," says
the secretary, "and it Irould now appear to be ex-
tremely doubtful if we.shall receive any at all."
EXCHANGE AND BULLION.—Canton, July 8.--Os
lLndaroa2osn,4 S ; Ind
per
cont.prieam, 2ialmB
.Ps.
Shanghae,Ju!y 7.0
June
ero2llls dol-
lars
London, 6,4 i ; on Calcutta, 298 Rs. ; on Bombay, 297
Rs. • drafts on Canton 25 per cent. discount.
OPlUM.—Canton, July 7.—Patna, $3273 ; B ; ares,
$3331. Shanghae, June 27.—New Malwa, $331 en
Old
Malwa, $387 ; Patna, $262 per chest.
t o 71. FREIGHTS nominal
opr TONNAGE.—Canton.
tea. NAsGhEa.—inph:ne.t—Onio
LTOonLd oo nn osnl. ,
for.
tea ; 61. for silk,

..inowzi-Buirs. --By an act of the late session (18 and
i 9 Viet., c. P 0) in all suits where the crown is successful,
oosts are to be recovered as between subject and subject.
A defendant is for the first time to be entitled to costs
against the crown, where successful.
DEATH OF CAPTAIN HAT, OF THE METROPOLITAN
POLlCE.—Captain William Hay, junior commissioner of
the metropolitan police, died on Tuesday evening of
bronchitis, at his residence, 67, Cadogan•place Chelsea,
Deceased, who was very much respected by thee officers
and men of the metropolitan police, entered the 16th
Light Dragoons as cornet in 1807, afterwards exchanged
into-thel.sth Foot, and served throughout the Penin,,u-
threlar
v,ilg;
'clasps. He was always among the guests at the
anulliaterloo banquet at Apelry:h,ouse. Deceased
was is 4 14 67th
Jj-1 lea;,a i.J:
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