The National Register.
London, England, 1822-12-15 00:00:00

BRAZIL.

,1•••••••

Rto D JANEIRO, Ocr. 2.o.—The Gacete do Rio
of the 15th October having, in a long article, dis-
cussed the relations between Portugal and Brazil,
...includes that there were no means to save the
latter, but to declare its independence. It then
pri needs :---
The anniversary of the birth of the Prince Royal
was chosen for this most solemn act—the 12th of
October, on which the august Perpetual Defender
of Brazil attained the age of 24 years, saw the ele-
vation to the supreme title and sublime dignity, of
Constitutional Emperor of Brazil, who declared his
acceptance in the following manner :
" I accept the title of Constitutional Emperor and
Perpetual Defender of Brazil, because having heard
my Council of State and Procurator-General, and
examined the representations of the Corporations of
the several provinces, I am fully convinced that such
is the general will of all the others, and that it is
only trout want of time that they have not yet ar-
rived."

This answer, made by his Majesty to the President
of the S. hate, having Leen announced to the people
from the balcony of the palace, it was received with
the most enthusiastic acclamations by the immense
multitude in the square, and the crowds of specta-
tors in the windows waving their handkerchief's, &c.
The President of the Senate then proclaimed the
following virus, which were repeated with inex-
ressibli. transports by the multitude—" Our Holy
Religion !"—" Long live Senhor Don Puir.)
Constitutional Emperor of Brazil anti the Housz. of
Braganza, reigning in Brazil."—" The Indepen-
dence of Brazil."—" The Constituent and Legisla-
tive Assembly of Brazil."—" The Constitutional
People of Brazil."
The solemn, legal, and majestic act of the procla-
mation by the people being.terunoated, it. was-sue-

cueded by that of the troops, commencing with a
salute of 100 pieces of artillery, and three volleys of
musketry, ut the end of which, approaching the
barriers of the troops, the people repeated the excla-
mations übwe-mentioned. Some time atier, her
Imperial 111.tjesty the Empress, with her august
daughter, proceeded, in a most splendid carriage, to
the Imperial chapel, accompanied by a brilliant and
numerous Guard of Honour; the troops then formed
in lines in the streets, through which his Majesty,
the Constitutional Emperor, was to pass. His Ma-
jesty soon left the palace, and repaired to the Impe-
rial chapel, to return thanks to the Almighty, for
which purpose the Municipality had ordered a so-
lemn Te Deum, accompanied by all the corporate
bodies which had assembled for the solemn iict of
proclamation.

After the re Deem, their Imperial Majesties
showed themseives at the windoK•s of the palace.
There was another salute of 100 pieces of cannon,
and three volleys of musketry, after which the Vivas
were repeated: the troops then filed oil' in front of
the palace, and returned to their quarters, the o.'-i-
-cers remaining to pay their obeisance to their Ma-
jesties. _ _

lu the evening the whole city was illuminated,
and their Majesties went td the theatre, where
verses were repeated, hymns sung, and pieces repre-
sented, all adapted to the occasion. It is impossible
to describe the transports with which their Majesties
were welcomed.

The rejoicings and illuminations were repeated on
the following day ; even the rain that tell in abun-
dance on both days could not check the ardour of
the people.
The Gazette of yesterday contains a proclamation
by his Majesty, pardoning deserters wl:u shall ieturn
to their colours in two months.

The Gacele do Ilio of Sept. 26 contains the letter
from the King of Portugal to his eon, dated August
3, 1822, and the Prince's answer, dated Sept. 22, in
which he tells his Majesty that he considers him as
a prisonzr; and that lie declares null and void all
the decrees which have been made, or shall be made
in future, fur Brazil by the Cortes of Lisbon, which
he calls by the epithets of " factious, horrible, Ma-
ei iavelian, disorganizing, hideous, pestiferous."
The jouxuals contain numerous addresses and pro-
u'atuutions of the municipalities of various cities and
ovinces relative to the declaration of independence.
His Majesty has ordered a change to be male is