biglam/hmd_newspapers huggingface dataset:
The Sun.
London, England, 1855-06-19

Immediately, in 2 vole., with plates, 2's.,
THE CITY of the CRESCENT;
with Pictpres of Harem Life ; or, the Turks in 1854.
By G. TRENERY, Epq , Author of "'the Morning Land," &c.
"One principal object is to pourtray the life of woman in Turkey
as It really exists.' Pt ef ace.

2. TBF, RIVAL RO ER. By the author of "Royalists and
Roundheads." 2 vols. Now ready.
Char es J. Skeet, 10, King William•street, Charing-ero,s.
London, England, 1855-06-19

Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn.

This day, two vole., post Bvo., with Illustrations and Map, 215.,
LANDS of the SLAVE and the FREE ; or,
Travels in Cuba, the United States, and Canada.
By Captain the Ilonourable HENRY A. MURRAY, R.N..
London: John W. Parker and Son, West Strand.

Immediately, in 2 vols., with plates, 215.,
THE CITY of the CRESCENT;
with Pictvres of Harem Life; or, the Turks in 1854.
By G. TRENERY, Esq., Author of "Th, Morning Land," &c.
"One principal object is to pourtray the life of woman in Turkey
as it really exists." Preface.
2. TIP' RIVAL 110 zES. By the author of "Royalists and
Roundheads." 2 vols. New ready.
Charles J. Skeet, 10, King William•street, Charing-cross.
London, England, 1855-06-19

APPOINTMENTS.

IlioxFer,e.,madnetleeeafoserd7rviccaept.atsißralTakhlzs,
Capt. C. R.. D. Bethune, C. 8., to good-
Hviaeßseteiatißrg-esA:rde-mA.
BiTai.7l,i.i.ra:ll
service pensions ; J. B. Baverstock, clerk, to the Medusa
Thomas B. Martin, acting assistant-surgeon, to the Hogue
James Henry,icishlmsurgeon,i,an, t
o theto A
tlliaenr,Pr;oum.eStlulenubsu;ryt
midshipman
Holdsshipman
worth, midshipman,
to the Castor ; C. H. Farquharson, midshipman, to the Ca -
for ; P. H. W. Mayow, naval cadet, to the Imperieuse ; P.
Walter, naval cadet, to the Imperiouse; R. Baker, naval
cadet, to the Imperiense ; 11. S. Baillie, naval cadet, to the
Majestic ; A. Cavendish, naval cadet, to the Calcutta.

ROYAL ARTILLERY.
Her Majesty has been pleased to approve of the following
promotions in the Royal Artillery, which have been promul-
gated in a General Order dated June 16, viz.:—
Second Captain George Colelough to be Captain, vice
Willett, who resigns his commission.
Lieutenant George Alderson Milman to be Second Captain,
vice Colelough.
Second Captain Frederick Close is appointed Adjutant to
the 7th Battalion in the room of Captain Colelough. Second Captain G. A. Milman is posted to Capt. Rogers's
Company, 10th Battalion, vice Close.
The following °facers have been
companies, viz.:—
Captain A. R. Wragge, 6th Battalion, with Captain C. G.
Arbuthnot, 2d Battalion.
Second Captain W. J.
Williams, of Captain Gardner's
Company, 2d Battalion, with Second permitted to exchange
Captain Arbuthnot's Company, 6tli Captain J. Boulton, of
Battal on.

INQUEST ON THE HON. G. N. eunzolc.—Yeqerdav an
inquest area opened by Mr. Bedford, at the Three Com-
passes, Mount-street, to inquire into the circumstances
attending the death of the Hon. N. Curzon, who died at
St. George's. Hospital,:on Sunday morning, from the
effects of injuries received by being thrown from his
horse, Verdict, " Accidental death,"
London, England, 1855-06-19

ROYAL ARTILLERY.

Her Majesty has been pledged to approve of tile following
promotions in the Royal Artillery, which have been promul-
gated in a General Order dated June 16, vlz :
Second Captain George Colelough to be Captain, vice
Willett, who resigns his commission: •

Lieutenant George Alderson Milinan to be Second Captain,
vice Colelough.

Second Captain Frederick Close is appointed Adjutant to
the 7th Battalion in the room of CaptaintColelongh.
Second Captain G. A. Mllimn is posted to Capt. Rogers's
Company, 10th Battalion, vice Close.

The following officocs.lave been permitted to exchange
compitnies, viz.:—

Captain A. R. Wraggo, Gth Battalicn, with Captain C. G,
Arbuthnot, 2d Battalion.

Second Captain W. I. Williams, of Captain Gardner's
COmpany, d Battalion, with Second Captain J. Boulton, of
Captain Arbntbnot's Company, 6th Battalion.
London, England, 1855-06-19

WOUNDED.

Mr. STAFFORD postponed the question be had
given notice of relative to what arrangements of any
kind had been made for payment of the arrears duo to
those sick and wounded soldiers who have returned from
the Crimea.

REFORM OF CORPORATION OF LONDON.
Sir J. SEIELLLY asked when the Government in-
tended to introduce the promised measure for the reform
of the corporation of the city of London, and whether
such bill would be founded upon the recommendation of
the commissioners appointed to inquire into that corpo-
ration.

Sir G. GREY said the bill for the reform of the Cor-
poration of London was founded, in its main fea-
tures, on the recommendation of the Commissioners of
inquiry, subject to a modification of the details to a cer-
tain extent. It would not be possible to introduce
that bill to enable it to meet with the necessary
alteration it would require this session (owing to the
pressure of business), and he proposed to bring it in at
an early period of the next session.
WOOLWICH ACADEMY.
In answer to questions from hon. members relating to
the opening of appointments by commission to the prac-
tical class at Woolwich, and the general arrangements of
this institution,

Mr. MONSELL stated the whole system was under
revision.

Mr. EWART postponed his notice of motion
for an address to her Majesty for a committee to
substitute an open examination on the principle of
competition in the place of that now adopted.

[LEFT BITTING.]

THE LONDON GAZETTE.

(THIS EVENING.)
FOREIGN-OFFICE, JUNE 12.
Tho Queen has been pleased to approve of Mr. Edward
Ryan as Consul in Canada for the Free Hanseatic City of
Lubeck.
The Queen has also been pleased to approve of Mr.
Thomas Ryan as Vice-Consul at Montreal for the Free
Hanseatic City of Lubeck.
WHITEHALL, JUNE 16.
The Queen has been pleased to grant to the Rev. Henry
George Liddell, M.A., the place and dignity of Dean of
the Cathedral Church of Christ, in the University of Ox-
ford, void by the death of the Rev. Dr. Thomas Gaisford.
WHITEHALL, JUNE 16.
The Qum hai ben Plohbod to noxitli and PfMat

INQUEST ON no HON. G. N. CURzON.—Yesterday an
inquest wal opened by Mr. Bedford, at the Three Com-
passes, Monnt-street, to inquire into the circumstances
attending the death of the Hon. N. Curzon, who died at
St. George's Hospital, on Sunday morning, from the
effects of injuries received by being thrown from his
horse. Verdict, " Accidental death."

CORONER'S INQUEST.—Yesterday a coroner's inquest
was held before Mr. Baker, at the, Antelope, in Phipp-
street, Shoreditch, upon Thomas Sheldon, aged GO, a
gunsmith, who destroyed himself by blowing his brains
out at his residence, in Motley court, Curtain-road. The
jury returned a verdict of temporary insanity.
On Saturday, in consequence of the public market
being closed in Smithfield, the Goverr.ors of St. Bar tho-
lomew's Hospital shut their gates, and refused to allow
the public to pass through into Little Britain from
Smithfield, a permissive right of Way that has existed
for away yeltrE.
London, England, 1855-06-19

MRS. GASCOLGNE'3 NEW NOVEL.
Now ready, at all the libraries, in 3 vols..

THE NEXT DOOR NEIGHBOURS.
By the Author of " Temptation," &c.
" Pas4on, pathos, and humour are happily combined in this Inte-
resting story.'—Morning Post.
" The author has succe sfully portrayed the manners of the day,
in one of the best novels that have lately appeared."--iforning
Herald. _
London, England, 1855-06-19

ESTABLISHED 1837.

BRITANNIA LIFE ASSURANCE
iJ COMPANY.

1, Princes-street, Bank, London.
Empowered by Special Act of Parliament, 4 Viet., cap. 9.
Major-General ALEXANDER, Blackheath Park, Cnemoude.

Tncreasing Rates of Premium for securing Loans or Debts.
Half Premiums, only, required du rine first seven years.
Sum assured payable at Sixty or at death if occurring previously

MUTUAL LIFE ASSOCIATION.
hor Majesty's Royal Letters Patent.
Lily.
for every three months' difference of age.
-the unpaid half premiums liquidated out 0,
London, England, 1855-06-19

PUBLICATIONS.

IS, GREAT M►RLHOBOIIOII-STIIEET.
NOTICE.-BURICE'S LANDED GENTRY.
PART 1., price 10s. 6c1., is Now Ready, of the NRw ►ND im-
rs,vErt EDITION, to be completed in a single volume, unliorm with
the Peerage divided into 4 Parts
To be had, by order, of a' y bookseller, or of the Publishes, Hurst
and Blackett, free of postage, on receipt of a Post-office order for the
amount (iQs. 6d.)
London, England, 1855-06-19

1111 Y COMMAND of the POSTMASTER-
41ENER A L.—NOTICE to the PUBLIC and EiSTRUCTIONS
to all POSTMASTERS.

R E-E s' TA II LIS H M ENT of the FORMER BATE of POSTAGE
on LETTERS for VICTORIA, PORT PHILIP, with Compulsory
Pre-payment.

Oeneral-Post•riftice, Jun., t 1355.
On and from the 20th instant, the Rates of Postage charged pre-
vious to the Ist October last upon letters addressed to the colony of
Victoria (Port Philip) will again be levied. Thee rates are as fol-
lows

Not exceed- Above % Above I oz: Above 2ozs
ing Italian ,)z. and not :tad not and not
ounce in exceeding exceeding exceeding
weight. 1 oz. 2 ozs. 3 ozs.
, ---- - -
By Packet .. • ... Is. Od. 2s. Od. 4s. Od. Gs. Od.
.133, Private Ship.. Os. Bd. is. 4d. 2s. Rd 4s. Od.
London, England, 1855-06-19

and unless the postage be paid in advance the letters cannot be for-
warded.

The uniform sixpenny rate was extended to Victoria in conse-
quence of a communication which was understood to convey the
acquies,ence of the Colonial Government; but by despatches of a
later date it apnears that there has been soma misapprehension in
this respect, and that not only has no such acquiescence been given.
but a high rate of colonial inland postage continues to be collected,
on heltalt of the colonial revenue, upon all letters sent to this country.
The Postmaater-General is, therefore, reluctantly compelled to re-
vert to the former arrangement.

ROWLAND lIILL, Secretary.
London, England, 1855-06-19

PETITIONS.

Lord EBRINGTON presented four petitions
against the interference with the sale of ale and
beer on the Lord's day, and two against the re-
commendation of the Commissioners of last es -
session for the abolition of licences being carried into a
law ; one by an Hon. Member in favour of the Tenants'
Improvement (Ireland) Compensation Bill.

TENANTS' IMPROVEMENT (IRELAND) COM

PENSATION BILL.

Oa the order of the day for the house going into corn.
mittee, _ _

Viscount GALWAY moved the adjournment of the
consideration of this bill until after the disposal of the
Metropolis Local Management Bill.

Sir J. SHELLEY said that the motion for post-
poning the going into committee on this bill till
that day three months would, in all probability,
involve a discussion of its principle. He agreed
with the right honourable member for Buckingham
that these morning sittings ought to be appropriated to
the consideration of such bills as were in such a state
as progress could be made with them, and he put it
to the house whether a day should belost in this manner.
Mr. BIIGUIRE said this was a question that was
looked to with great anxiety and interest by the
people of Ireland, and he had heard of no sufficient rea•
son why the present course should be adopted.
Mr. HORS MAN said there were two principles in-
volved in this bill. One prospective and the other retro-
spective. On the retrospective clause there appeared
to be a difference of opinion, but on tha prospective
clause there was none. He proposed that as the
, when the further con-
14th clause contained important previsions relative
to the principle of the bill, the home should proceed
uptothhee
postponedl4t to Thursday h
swi
di tehrattl
oe
n clauses
ofthat
should
even-
ing, when the principle of the bill could then be fully
discussed.
After considerable discussion, in which the Irish mem-
bers took a prominent part, the house divided on the
motion of Viscount Galway.
For the motion .... 65
Againbt it ................................. 117
Majority against the m0ti0n....., -52
On the motion that the SPEAKER now leave the chair,
Mr. PEACOCKE moved that the further considers-
tin 0i the bill committee be deferred to that deY three
_ _ _ _
London, England, 1855-06-19

COUNTRY VARKIBTS.

CHEL3ISFO:

The wheat trade dull, and
and 2s on second-rate (pantie,
and prices slightly improved,
but other sorts of aiming corn
Wheat, white, old, per a X.
qr.fd. 84
new 61 84
red, old 57 76
new 57 76
..... 29 3G
99 37
23 :t2
68 72
70 74

Barley
Chevalier
Grinding
Malt

Chevalier .
London, England, 1855-06-19

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, EVENING, JUNE 19,_1658,

which it must have been known the 'casualties of ivar would
render indispensable.

" THE TRANSPORT SERVICE IN THE BLACK SEA.

"The evidence exhibits a marked contrariety of opinion
as to the responsibility for the transport service in-the Black
Sea. Sir James Graham said that the naval comMander-
in-chief, Viee-Admiral Dundas, had, under the Queen's
regulations, authority over the whole of the transports,
and he cited, in confirmation of this statement, 'sundry
minutes of the Board of Admiralty; and he added that
Lord Raglan had a concurrent authority over this service.
" Vice-Admiral Dundas, on the contrary, alleged that he
had nothing to do with the transports. According to bis
statement, they were entirely under the management of
Lord Raglan, Rear-Admiral Boxer, and Captain Christie.
" Captain Milne, the member of the Board of Admiralty
who had the superintendence of the transport department.,
stated that the admiral commanding in the Black Sea was
responsible for the transport service in that sea. A supreme
power was, however, given to Lord Raglan, woo had a
veto over the movement of all the transports, and a con-
current authority with the naval commander-in-chief.
" The difficulties of performing various services connected
with the army are ascribed to the want of sea transport ;
while the evidence of Captain Milne shows that no applica-
tion was made to the Admiralty for additional transports in
the Black Sea. Numerous witnesses testify to the want of
arrangements in the harbour of Balaklava, and to the dis •
order of the shore from the want of any suikeient landing-
places and wharves.
" In Balaklava there was a division of authority ; the
transports were under the immediate direction of Captain
Christie; the harbour was under the management of another
' naval officer, and the shore was subject to military autho-
' rity. 'Absence of regularity and arrangement on the shore
or ip, harbour necessarily delayed the service of the trans-
! ports ; in such cases it was not easy to ascertain on which
of these three authorities the blame should rest.
"The narrow limits of the harbour, which is described
by Admiral Dundas as a, mere ditch, rendered it, under the
best system of arrangement, an inconvenient place forland-
ing the vast quantities of stores required for the army, in-
cluding guns, ammunition, engineer stores, &seines, ga-
• biene, camp equipage, quartermaster-general's stores, and
commissariat supplies.
" The want of system which prevailed on the shore is
gmerally admitted ;the harbour was not governed with the
authority necessary for the maintenance of orkler, and the
transports were compelled to anchor outside the harbour—
an anchorage which naval men justly considered to be un-
safe. •
London, England, 1855-06-19

!AnstrAiasi,',,

Priiish Colonial Ban!

and Loan Company
N. .eimericEE
tThartil. Bank of Asir
Bnk. of Inclia.

Australia, &
City
Ccdonial
Commercial of Load
English Scottish 2.roi,
Australian Chart
Gond. Chart. Bk. of
AuEtralia
)itto New
London and County
London Joint Stock
Load. & Wedrainstff
National Provincial
of England
Do. New
Naticnal of Ireland
New South Wales
Oriental Bank of
Corporation.
provincial of Irelaw-
Do. Now
Royal Anstraln.Ylke
& Gold Imp Co
south A c.st ralia
Union of Andralia,
Do. New

VP.1911 Of 14011d011 ',es
London, England, 1855-06-19

Rear-Admiral Sir William E. Parry, Kt., lieutenant-gover-
nor of Greenwich Hospital ............ .............• 3 0
William Parsons, Esq , Leicester . 2 2
The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company •• 100 0
Messrs. John Penn and Son, engineers, Greenwich . •
John 'Aston Powles, Esq., Wimpole-street 5 0
Edward J. Powell, Esq., Hydrographic Department, Ad-
miralty.
Captain William Ramsay, R.N., 11.51.5. Hogue
Messrs. G. Rennie And CO , engineers, Holland-street, Black-
friars
William Rigby, Esq., G'asgow .. lO 0
Major F. C. Robb, E LC.S., Beaulieu House, Southsra
J. Scott Russell, Esq., F .R.S., C.E: (Hon. Sec.) Great
Geo-ge-street, Westminster..
.
Messrs. Sammie, Bream a, engineers, Poplar ..... ..... • •
John Scott, EN., en; hear and shipbuilder, Greenock .. • •
Messrs. Seaward and Capel, engineers, Llmehouse
Joseph Sims, Esq., Birmingham ................ ..... • •
Messrs. Sims and Muntz, Birmingham ..
Edward Slaughter, Esq:, engineer, Bristol ..... •••••• •• • • 5 0
Commander Luke Smithett, R.N., Ir. M.S. Vivid ...• •• •• • • 2 0
R. Stephenson, Esq., M. V , F.R.S., C.E , Great George-
at. set, Westminster .....
Captain James N. Strange, R,N
John M. Sunley, Esq , insurance broker, Comilla .. •• .
William Swann, t sq., Qaeen-street, Westminster .. •• • 2 2
James Tillinz, Esq., Hendon
G. 11. J. Watford, Esq., Serle-street, Lincoln's-inn ...... ..•• 5 0
Captain Frederick Warden, MN., H.M.S. Ajax 5 0
1
Thomas Waterman, jun.. Esq., shipbuilder, Blackwall lO 0 i
Messes. James w tt and Co., engineers (per H. Wollaston
make, Esq , Soho, Birmingham ••.,.... .. .... • . 100 0
I. Watts, Esq., Assistant-Surveyor 11.51. Navy, Somerset-
house ....... .
.. .. ..... •••• • • • 2 2
Messrs. John and Robert We ite, shipbuilders,Cowes
Joseph Whitworth, Esq., engineer, Manchester. .. 25 0
M. Wigram, Esq., shiptinilJer,,lllackvval
G. T. Wright, Eso., I yrnpstone, Devon •
2 2
Thomas Wright, Esq , engineer. George•yard, Lombard-st. 2 2
Sn'serlptions are received by Messrs. Martin and Co.. 68, Lom
bard-street, London ; Messrs. Ransom and Co., I, Pali Mall Fast
London : ,T. Scott Russell, F. 84 , 37, Great George-street, West
Esq., 2,5, Grea
George-street, Westminster ( Preasurer). _
E. PH . A LSTED,
J. SCOTT RUSSELL, i
lion rary Secretaries.
ininster (Honorary Secretary) : aed by C. Manby,
37, Great George-street, Westminster, 1855.
London, England, 1855-06-19

Hurst and Blackett, Publisher%, successors to Henry Colburn.

'This day, two v 01.., post Svo., with Illustrations ani Map, 215.,
LANDS of the SLAVE and the FREE ; or,
Travel. in Cuba, the United States, and Canada.
By Captain the Honourable HENRY A. MURRAY. R.N.
London: John W. Parker and Son, West Strand.
London, England, 1855-06-19

Junk published. price 55., by on•t. free, ss. 6d.,
STRICTURE of the URETHRA : its Rational
Treatment and Prompt Cure.
By F. B. COUR rENTAY,
Member of the Royal College of surgeons of England.
"'We believe Mr. Conrtenay's experience in the treatment of stric-
ture during the last twenty years bas equalled, if, Indeed, it has not
surpassed. that of any of his contemporaries. It is, therefore, no
mater of sm erise that he should enjoy the reputation of being a
most dexterous and skilful manipu-ator with urethral instruments ;
and when it is remembered that the lamented Liston used to assert
that the introduction of instruments through a stricture which' had
previously been impermeab'e to them, was the most difficult in the
whole range of surgical operations, it must be no slight source of
gratification on Mr. Courtenay's part to have achieved the reputation
he has in this res ,ect ; and for our part, with the knowledge we have
of his experience, we know of no man to whose care we would with
greater confidence entrust the treatment of a severe case of stricture
of the urethra."—Medical Circular.
London : H. Maniere, 219, Regent street.
London, England, 1855-06-19

DEER STALKING and GROUSE
SHOOTING.—TO THE hPO RN LNG WOULD.—The under-
svied (who in the Great Exhibition or all Nations received a Prize
3iedal), has arrived in London with Patterns of all the necessary
Clothing for Deer-Stalking. Gmuse-Shooting, Salmon e ishing, &c.
Plaids, Tartans Socks, t-tockings, Buniteo. Wrappers, T apes, Cloaks,
Zetland Goods, &c. Very fine Plaids and d'art:ins for Ladies. The
Highland Dress correctly made up.
D. MACDOUGALL, of Inverness.
•

Room-24, Brewer•street, in a line with Glasshouse-street, Regent-
street. Open from 2 to 6 o'clock, until ht Jaly, when Ur. Mac-
dougall returns to Inverness.

ROYAL OPERA, DRURY-LANE.
Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith.
THIS EVENING,

WV he performed Donizetti's Grand Opera, called LITCIA DI
LAMMERMOOR. Characters by Madame Gassier, Signor Gassier,
and Signor Ar:handl.
.To co,iciude with a Grand FRI:NV!" BALLET, supported by
Mdlie Palmyra. Mdlie. Paolo, v. Pliant, &c.
Prices of admission :—To the two galleries. 6d.; second circle of
boxes and pit, is ; dress circle, 2s. 6d. ; sta ls, 45.; private boxes to
witn;t two persons, 10s. 6d.; four persons, one guinea. Box-office
open from 10 to 6 dai'y.
London, England, 1855-06-19

RUSSIA.

ST. PETERSBURG, June 10.—It is now ssttled
that the Russian land forces are to be divided into
three armies, to be called respectively the army of
the north (head-quarters St. Petersburg), the army
of the south (now operating in the Crimea), and
the army of the centre (head-quarters Warsaw).
The militia in the government of Charkow and
adjacent provinces musters already 200,000 men.
The only son of the venerable Field-Marshal Prince
Paskiewitch, hitherto colonel in the Guards and aide-
de camp of the Emperor, has been promoted to the rank
of major-general, and appointed to the command of the
firit brigade of the cavalry of the guard.
London, England, 1855-06-19

COUNTRY MARKE rs.

prices lower, 15 on the best
!s. At the close trade firmer,
Barley was rather scarce,
firm al late quotations.

B. ■,
Oats, per qr 29 38
Peas, Partridge 19 43
White... 39 42
Boiling 42 48

Dun - 37 40
Beans, Tick 40 45
Harrow ticks 45 47
Mazagan 38 42
Ditto, new 39 41
London, England, 1855-06-19

FRANCE

PARIS, MONDAY.

The Emperor yesterday received several of the
foreign commissioners.of the Exhibition, and other
foreigners of distinction, who had the honour of
being presented to his Majesty by the Danish,
Neapolitan, Dutch, and American Ministers.
The day officially fixed for Queen Victoria's visit
to Paris is Augu,t 13.
"Our private letters assert that the insurrection
of the Russian peasants of the Ukraine," says the
Pays, "is still continuing. They state that it is
directed against the Greek clergy and the large
landowners, and that many of the latter have been
obliged to seek a refuge in Poland. It appears
that some discharged Russian soldiers, who were
for a time prisoners of the French in the Crimea,
have returned home with entirely new ideas, and
have placed themselves at the head of the move-
ment."

The Egyptus steam-packet, of the Messageries
Imperiales, arrived at Marseilles in the night of
the 16th, bringing intelligence from Constantinople
to the 7th, being the same date as that of the news
by the Mersey, which vessel made the run home
with greater speed than this new arrival.

BOURSE, JUNE 18.—CLOSING- PRIORS.
Cash. fr. e. End of Month.
4. per Cents 93 25
3 per Cents 67 30 67 40
Credit Mobilier 957 5'..) Roman
Credit Foncier 557 50 Austrian
Belgian Fives. ..... .. Spanish Threes
Piedmontose B6 50 Home Debt

RAILWAYS-208 CASH.

Ir. c. fr.
Orleans - - Lyons 1230
Western 737 50 Rouen
(Jetta
Mediterranean 1200 Havre 625
Northern
London, England, 1855-06-19

TFIRXTRE ROYAL IIAYMARSET.
Under the management of Mr. Buck tone.

THIS r. VEICTNG.

Will be performed BERTA ; or, The Gnome Of Ilartzberg.
After which, ONLY A HALFPENNY•
To conclude with the new Extravaganza,- called THE NEW
HAYMARKET SPRING MEETING, 855.
London, England, 1855-08-27

on their heads condign punishment, remem-
bering what has already been inflicted by it on
the troops. Until, however, the education of
military men is more complete, and, as Dr.
SUTHERLAND recommends, " military hygiene"
is made a considerable portion of the education of
every officer, the health of our troops will be more
or less neglected. Balaklava may be purified,
and marshes drained, or rendered innocuous by
the agency or advice of such men as Dr. SUTHER-
LAND, but unless officers are properly informed on
sanitary matters, and do the best in their power
for the men under their charge, pestilence will
make its assaults, and seize its victims among the
best and bravest, as of old.
London, England, 1855-08-27

; 61.10C11::lt, tianga-
ous.!-/ ; William Smith, severclv.
631 Foot—Privato William Rorr, slightly.
With Foot—Private John Graham, slightly; John Sales,
slightly.,
72d Foot—Privates James Reid, severel:

; William

_
Brown, severely.
79th Foot—Privates William Gemmell, slightly; Ro-
bert Stewart, severely; Robert Wallace, severely; Ed-
'ward Bewlqv, slightly ; James M`Donald, slightly; James
Logan, slightly ; William Douglas, severely.
Ist Batt:ilion Rifle, Brigade- -Privates George Martin,
slightly ; ItlurTh Halden, slightly.
:d Battalion Rifle Brigade—Private William Ferguson,
slightly.
. _
London, England, 1855-08-27

LATEST NEWS.

WAR-OFFICE, AUGUST 27.

Lord Panmure has received the following tele-
graphic message from General Simpson, dated
Crimea, Aug. 26, 1855, 3.50 p.m. :
" Our works and those of our allies are making
satisfactory progress."

MARSEILLES, MONDAY, AUG. 27.
The Carmel, which left Constantinople on the
20th, has arrived.
She brings 100 sick.
The advices from the Crimea are to the 18th.
Despatches leave at 9 a.m.
The steamers Alma and Candia leave for the

Crimea.
The Parana has arrived.

PARIS, MONDAY, 8 A.M.
The Emperor and Prince Napoleon accompany
the Queen to Boulogne.

The Emperor will return immediately to Paris.
Lord Clarendon had a long interview with M.

Walewski.

PARIS, SUNDAY NIGHT.
The Queen leaves St. Cloud at 9 o'clock, for
the Tuileries, to-morrow.

There will be a triumphal procession along the
Boulevards. The Queen's carriage will be drawn

by eight horses.
Her. Majesty will leave the Strasbourg Railway

Station at noon.
This day the Queen drove out in the vicinity of
St. Cloud.
The King of Sardinia arrives at Paris to-mor-
London, England, 1855-08-27

Aug. 11.

2d Battalion Ist Foot—Private Henry Howard, slightly.
3d Foot—Corporal Thomas Kelly, slightly.
7th Foot—Privates William Gaynor, Thos. Goldsmith,
da;igerously ; Michael M'Garry, severely; Michael Shields,
slightly.
9th ivate J. Greenland, dangerously.
14th Foot —Sergean t John Casey, dangerously ; Privates
P. Burke, R. Mc.Gaffen, and P. McMahon, slightly.
'231 FOot—PrivcLes George Harrington and George Me-
to n , slightly.
24;.11 Foot—Private G. Firth, severely.
3,)th Foot—Privates James Barry and Jeremiah Dwyer,
severely.
33d Foot—Lanco-Corporal William Noonan, slightly;
Privates John Condrick and Evan Taylor, severely ; Chas.
Davis, slightly.
34th Foot—Private John M`Malion, slightly.
38th Foot—Pi ivate M. Nicholson, slightly.
39th Foot—Privates P. Brennan, J. Lynam, and P.
Allen, slightly; M. Ryan, dangerously.
77th Foot—Privates Wm. Cropp, slightly ; George
Brooks, slightly
88th Foot—Privates Edward Murray, severely ; James
Mullins, slightly ; Michael Mulcahy, slightly; James
Quinn, slightly; George Smith, slightly.
l,flth Foot—Private William Hickliug, dangerously.
97th Foot—Privates James Forward, Daniel Wells,
James Trotter—all severely ; John Jago, Thomas Roth-
well, John Lawell, Thomas Cookesey—all slightly.
_ .

_ .
1t Battalion Ride Brigade—Privates Charles Cart-
wri,ht dangerously ; John Green, slightly.

Royal AiLilloryLGunners Francis-M033. John Hard-
wick, hichard Phillips, Samuel Carroll, John Willison—
all Tightly.
Royal Marine Artillery—Gunner Owen Graham, se-
verely.

AUG. 12.

4th Foot—Private G. Reynolds, severely.
14th Foot—Private T. Conway, severely.

17th Foot—Private John M'Cabe,
18th Foot—Private G. Baker, severely.
9th Foot—Corporal Thomas Robins, severely; Privates
Patrick McNamar:A, slightly ; Patrick Burke, slightly ;
George Russell, dangerously.
20th Foot—Private George Washington, slightly.
28th Foot—Private M. Duffy, slightly.
41st Foot—Private John Jooes, slightly.
97th Foot —Privn.te Robert Bartley, severely.
lot Battalion Rifle Brigade—Private Win. Lawrence,
2d Battalion Rifle Brigade—Private Charles Lewis,
dangerously.
W. L. PAKENFIAM, Adjutant• General.

Enclosure 5.

A LIST OF CASUALTIES IN THE ROYAL NAVAL
BRICIADE, BEFORE SEBASTOPOL, FUR THE
WEEK ENDING THE 18TH AUGUST, 1853.
- AUGUST 8.
WOUN DED. _ _

Wm. Hoskins, eaulker,-Dianaond, slightly ; Daniel
Carney, A. 13„ Rodney, mortally. Died on the•lOth inst.
HENRY KEPPEL,
Captain Commanding Royal Naval Brigade.

tt
E NI it Es.

tTHIS EA Y.)

g.A!LW Lys.
London, England, 1855-08-27

LATEST NEWS.

WAR-OFFICE, AUGUST 27.

Lord Panmure has received the following tele-
graphic message from General Simpson, dated
Crimea, Aug. 26, 1855, 3.50 p.m.:—

"Our works and those of our allies are making

satisfactory progress."

MARSEILLES, MONDAY, Auo, 27.
The Carmel, which left Constantinople on the

20th, has arrived.

She brings 100 sick.
The advices from the Crimea are to the 18th.

Despatches leave at 9 a.m.
The steamers Alma and Candia leave for the

Crimea.

The Parana has arrived.

PARIS, MONDAY, 8 A.M.
The Emperor and Prince Napoleon accompany

the Queen to Boulogne.
The Emperor will return immediately to Paris,
Lord Clarendon had a long interview with IL

Wale wski.

PARIS, SUNDAY NIGHT.
The Queen leaves St. Cloud at 9 o'clock, for

;he Tuileries, to-morrow.

There will be a triumphal procession along the
Boulevards. The Queen's carriage will be drawn

by eight horses.

Her Majesty will leave the Strasbourg Railway

Station at noon.

This day the Queen drove out in the vicinity of

St. Cloud.

The King of Sardinia arrives at Paris to-nor•

row.

TAKING OF AN AMBUSCADE ON THE
GLACIS OF MALAKHOFF.
The Moniteur publishes the following from

General Pelissier :

CRIMEA, AUG. 24, 10 P. M.

In the course of last night we carried an am-

buscade on the glacis of Malakhoff; 500 Rus-
sians made a sortie for the purpose of retaking it,
but they were brilliantly repulsed with a loss of
about 300 men. The work has been turned
against them, and is definitively gained by us.
General M'Malion has arrived.
Our sanitary state is excellent.

STOCKHOLM, Arta. 20.

Our newspapers report an engagement which
took place off Riga on the 10th.

Seventeen

Russian gun-boats, it is said, came out of Riga,
and fought for two hours with her Majesty's screw

block ship Hawke, GO, and the screw corvette
Desperate, 8. The result is said to have been

ndecisive.

Her Majesty's cruisers have visited Uleaborg,
Sim°, and Windau, and destroyed government

ships and stores.

HAMBURG, AUG. 25

Advices from St. Petersburg bring reports from
Revel that on the 16th two frigates, which had
left Nargen for that purpose, bombarded Port
Baltic for several hours, and then retired.

KIEL, Aua. 25.

The French war ship Marne has arrived with

200 prisoners.
London, England, 1855-08-27

ADULTERATION of FOOD, &c.
PROT r ST.

1.
ilecati!e the interests of the neople are not orotected, inasmuch
that the committee ought t have direc ed its inqu ries in o the
PhirmAceutica' pot•one se-I, or held oil "medicinally," by doctors,
which poisons are ident.cal with those used in the adulteration o'
food, &c.

2 ecmse the tritish College of flea'th presented th ough Sir
Be j in Hall, g.P., in the year 1847. a net, Lion -ivied by 19,950
persons, prayi ig or an inquiry into such pharmaceutical noisons.:::
3. Be :vise HygeiNts contend that such poisons being held out or
given "medicinally," sap the root of pu'•lic safety, and th t the pre-
sent liiq by the House of Commons is altogether insufficient. inas-
much as it dos not inquiry into the use of such poisons by doctors
4. Because Hygeist- can recognise n • differenc in the effect of such
poisons. whether administered "medicinally" or in the food consumed
by the publ c.

5. tlecause the mind should be emancirated, as in religion, from
the horrors of d ctor-crafc. which it can never be so long as poisons
are held out or administered "
Dated thin Ist day of August, A.D. 1855.
(Signed) The MEMBERS Baum; COLLEGE Or HEALTH,
New. road, London, for the Society of Hygeists.
London, England, 1855-08-27

ROYAL OPERA, DRITRY.LANE.
Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith.
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed ROB ROT. Characters by Messrs. J. Ander-
eon, Ray, Stuart, Herberte, S. Eraharn, Barrett, and J. Halford ;
miss Lanza, Miss Dy,r, and Mrs W. J. Wallack.
To conclude with LOVE IN A VILLAGE.
Prices of admission:—To the two galleries. 6d.; second circle of
bexes and pit, IL ; dress circle, 2s. 6d.; stalls, 43. ; private boxes to
admit two persons, 101. gd.; tbar persons, one guinea. Box-office
*pen from 10 to 6 daily.

THEATRE ROYAL HAYMARKET.
Under the management or Mr. Enckstele.
THIS EVENING.
Will be performed SHE STOOPS TO CONQUER.
To be followedby OLYMPUS IN A MUDDLE ; or, Wrong
People in Wrong Places.
Followed by COURT FAVOITR;
To conclude with THE SPANISH DANCERS.

stOYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET.
Under the Management of Mr. CIIANISS SZAN.
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed HOW STOUT YOU'RE GETTING.
After which, KING HENRY THE EIGHTH. Queen Katha-
rine, Mn. C. Bean; Cardinal Weiser, Mr. C. Kean.

THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHI.
ProPriem, Mr. R. Webstor.—Directreas. DiaAan" "eat.'
THIS EVENING.
Will be performed PAUL PRY. Characters by Messrs. C. Selby,
?Arlene, and Wright; Misses Mary Keeley and Woolgar, and Mrs.
L. Murray.
After which, FRATERNISATION:
To conclude with HOW'S TOrili UNCLE ?

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.
Under the direction of Mr: Payne.
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed MARRIED DAUGHTERS AND YOUNG
HUSBANDS.
Followed by FOUNDED ON PACTS.
After which. a new Ballet.
To conclude with GANEM•

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
Lessee and Manager, Mr. Wiz. Cooke.
Unabated and triumphant attraction of Mazeppa.—Fourth and last
week of Mr. George Wild and Miss Fanny Williams.
THIS EVENING,
Lerd Byron's MAZEPPA and the WILD HORSE, designated by
the public press the Phenomenon of the Day. Mr. William Cooke
has trained his matchless stud of horses expressly for this unrivalled
and most popular spectacle.
After which, the Equestrian SCENES In the CIRCLE, arranged
by Mr. William Cooke.
To conclude with Mr. Nelson Lee's Farce, A RAFFLE for an
ELEPHANT, introducing Mr. W. Cooke's sagacious Elephant.
Roa-odice open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W.
W st. Acting Manager, Mr. Nelson Lee. Equestrian Director,
Mr. w. Cooke, jun.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY—Morn. 22 min. aft. 1 Evening 46min. aft. 1
To-MORROW—Morna I lmin. aft. 2 Evening 34 min. aft. 2

THE WICATHKR.—Sum Orrin, Aug. 27.
TNIRNOILNT7I3, IN TEN SHADE.
73—highest since noon yesterday.
60 —lowest this morning and during the night.
70—this day, at noon.

BARomrrint, 30.
WIND, S.W.—Slight breeze, and dull.

e • •
.
'6'144".
London, England, 1855-08-27

~stmiktsia....

~ritish Colonial Bank
and Loan Company
sritish N. American
Ohartd. Bank of Asia
Thrtd. Bra. of India,

Australia, & China
City ..
3010n,al
Commercial of Lond
t4lnglish Scottish and
Australian Chart
tond. Chart. Bk. of
Australia
Ditto New

London and County..
i.ondon Joint Stock..
mid. & WeFtminete•T'
'stational Provincia'

of England
Do. New
National of Ireland
Sew South Wales
)riental Bank of
Corporation.
Provincial of Ireland
Do. New
tort] &ligroin. 131/ g.
At Hold Imp Co.
Au,tralia
Union of Australia,
Do. New
GrAiclu of Logdoi
London, England, 1855-08-27

GUILDHALL.

ROBBING AN EMPLOYER —A lad named John Butler
was charged by Mr. James Stephens, oilman, Fore-street,
with robbing him of one shilling. The prosecutor stated
the prisoner had been in his employ for three weeks.
He bad had occasion to suspect the prisoner's honesty,
and he marked 45., which he gave to a policeman's wife
to come and lay out at his shop. She purchased goods
to the amount of 3s. Bd. of the prisoner, giving in pay-
ment the four marked shillings. Prosecutor was in a
back room watching the prisoner, and saw him put
the whole of the money into the till. Another
customer came in, when he saw him take some money
from the silver side of the till and put it in his pocket.
He called in a policeman, who searched him, and found
six sixpences and one of the marked shillings in his
pocket.
Sir Robert Carden said it was a very bad case, and
committed the prisoner for three months.

The first sod of the Silloth Railway will be cut by Sir
James Graham at Drumburn, on the 31st.
REDIARKABLE DISCOVERY.—Jame, Crabtree, pit-sinker
to Messrs. Ackroyd, of Burtinsoaw Bottom, in sinking a
pit at. Morley, near Leeds, last Monday, found a live
frog in the centre of a large coal, 78 yards below the
surface, considerably below the Morley Tunnel, to which
it is close adjoining. The frog is still very lively. When
found it was very dark in colour, but was on Wednesday
becoming like the common every-day species. The eyes
are very bright, and surrounded with a gold ring. It
has four claws on its fore feet, and five (web-footed) on
the hind feet. Its mouth is closed, or firmly shut, but it
has two vents, apparently nostrils, on the top of its nose.
The seam of coal from which it was disinterred was
4aturated with water ; and probably from this circum-
tance, combined with close confinement, it had been
enabled to sustain its half-torpid lite through countless
ages.—Leeds Mercury.
London, England, 1855-08-27

EVERYBODY'S 8008.
lo3d Edition. Just out. Price Is.
ASHILLING'S WORTH of MAGIC,
By Professor ANDER- ON, Great Wizard of the North.

This anusin r and Instructive I.ook has now reached its 103 d Edi-
tion Ten Th iusand Vonies f each Edition has ben -rinte,l and
fold: It has als been translitied into eight diff.irent languages To
be hal at •-ver. Railway S ation, and at all R ookse lers in the kin -
don' WholeA .le ilealer4 upp!i Aat Mr. Fran is's Printing E,ta-
)lish!nent, Cath-rine-street. trait!. Ask for the list Edition which
t. ins a new Portr It, engrave' by W. J Linton. a K y ,o the
NY ut s irit-rt Mug, •ni an extio.ur, to the Nefarious Pric-
tices of Gamole s Flue work is ;.r.f isely illustrati.d. An' may
also le hat at the Box-..filca of the Lyceum Theatre. Price one
stinting.

The Third Edition.—Just published, price 55., by post, free, ss. 6d.
0 ritU E& FA LSE SPE [MATO RREFEA,
with the View of distinguishing the Imaginary from the
Real sufferers under this disease, and Correcting of wide-spread
Errors in relation to their Treatment and Cure. From he -terms.
of Dr. PICKIOOiti i. With an Introduction by the Editor, containing
a complete exposure of the system of terrorism and extortion pursued
by the advertising quacks of the metropolis towards those who are
crednlous enough to seek their aid.
" ,Jr. t'ickiord '9 known to English readers by his frequent practi-
cal contribution:, to German medical literature. This is the first
c me, he informs us, that he has addressed himself to the nou-medt-
-1,1 deader. We trust this may not be the last, if he shall ietect any
'they equally flagrant evil which It may he In hip ower to cor-
-ect." —London Me lien] Gazette. " The tri he of ' Quiet Sympathisers:
and • Friends,' are mercilessly exposed ; and if this boob
lould find its way Into the hands of those who seffqr from the com
.laint of which it treats, we are satisfied that many hundreds woult,
,e saved much needless suffering of body and mind, and what is of
less Importance, though it is that which the quacks most prize—
flitch money ......This volume is well qualified to put an end to the
empirical system of treating Sperrnatorrhcea, and to place the treat-
ment upon a more rational and physiological basis. It is, therefore,
likely to do much good."
London: li. Ralliere, 219, Regent-street.
London, England, 1855-08-27

COURT CIRCULAR.

PALACE OF ST. CLOUD, Aua. 23.
Her Majesty and the Princess Royal accompanied
the Emperor of the French to Paris this afternoon, and
proceeded to the Palace of the Tuileries.
Prince Albert visited the Industrial Exhibition soon
after 10 o'clock in the morning, and joined the Queen at
the Tuileries.

About 4 o'clock the Emperor conducted her Majesty,
the Prince, the Prince of Wales, and the Princess
Royal through the galleries of the Louvre.
Her Majesty will dine at the Tuileries, and will pro-
ceed between 9 and •10 o'clock to the grand full-dress
ball at the Hotel de Ville.

AUGUST 24.

Her Majesty and Prince Albert returned to St. Cloud
at half-past 12 o'clock last night, after the ball at the
Hotel de Ville.

Prince Albert and the Prince of Wales accompanied
the Emperor of the French to Vincennes this morning,
and witnessed some ball and shell practice.
Her Majesty arrived at the Tuileries at a quarter past
one o'clock, where the Emperor had arrived from Vin-
cennes to meet her Majesty.
The Emperor, the Queen and Prince, with the Prince
of Wales and Princess Royal, then visited the Exposi-
tion de l'lndustrie, and afterwards were present at a
grand review at the Champ de Mars.

AUGUST 25.

Her Majesty and Prince Albert accompanied the Em-
peror of the French to the Opera Comique last night,
and witnessed the representation of Haidee.

The Royal party returned to St. Cloud at half-past 12
o'clock.

The gentlemen appointed as jurors from England to
the various departments of the French Exhibition of
Industry attended at St. Cloud this morning, at half-
past 9 o'clock, and had the honour of being presented to
Prince Albert.

Her Majesty has invested General Canrobert with the
insignia of the Grand Cross of the Bath.

A deputation from the London Necropolis Company
had an interview on Saturday with the President of the
General Board of Health at his office, Whitehall. Tire
deputation consisted of Mr. J. aikin (chairman), Mr.
W. Austin (deputy chairman), and Mr. F. Dobioson,
one of the directors of the company, attended by Mr.
Churchill (secretary). The d( putati,n. was introduced
by the Hon. F. H. F. Berkeley, M.P.
London, England, 1855-08-27

LIEUT. PERRY, LATE OF THE 46TH.

The public will be gratified to learn thatthe money so
generously subscribed towards the defence of this young
officer has just been paid over to his account in Australia
through Messrs. C. R. and W. M'Gregor, the army
agents. Mr. Perry, in company of his father, Captain
Perry,- of the 87th -.Regiment (Irish Fusileere) who his
come over from India expressly, has just been to Windsor
for the purpose of settling this long-pending affair. We
believe Captain Perry did not succeed in his application to
obtain for his son a commission in the Turkish Legioe.
Lieutenant Perry is therefore determined to proceed to
Australia. The following letter from him has been re-
ceived by Mr. Be•tborough the treasurer to the defence
fend :—" My dear Sir,—The conclusion of my Windsor
matters has arrived, and, although the end is neither
,nch as you desired to effect for me, nor that the'
kind aid of the people of England evinced their desire to
see, I have the cons .lation to reflect on having been
born? up by the generous sympathy of my countrymen
at a period of great perplexity. I cannot find words to
express my sense of the goodness shown to me in my
troubles, and without. which I must have sunk under
them'; but I hope to show by my future career in another
land ;that the sympathy and kindness I have received
will not be thrown away. My father's efforts for me in
a military capacity have been, by an unfortunate combi-
aation of circumstances, rendered abortive, land my
greatest mortification is, that his absence from his native
country—if not a considerable extension of his already
long military service—will he the result of my loss of
position in the army. To yourself and the other kind
friends who gave me aid, and countenance, I. shall ever
retain feelings of the deepest gratitude.—Beiieve me, my
dear sir, with great respect and esteem, N ours sincerely,
"J. E. PERRY.
" Kr. J. T. Bedborough."

The total su►n collected was •2,5321. 18g. 91. ; ex-
pen,es on account of court-martial, advertising, &c.,
4721. 194., 6,1.; cash and interest previously paid to
Li&nienant Perry, 1491. 64. ; balance 2,0101. 3s. 31.
paid to Messrs. C. R. W. M'Gregor for transmission to
Australia.
London, England, 1855-08-27

RUSSIA.

A letter from St. Petersburg of the 16th, in the
Constitutionnel, says :
" The Portuguese envoy, M. de Villar4al, has had
the honour of being received by their Majesties and by
the Grand Dukes Nicholas and Michael. All the Russian
journals are filled with news about the approaching ar-
rival of the Queen of England at Paris. It is now consid-
eredthat the duration of the alliance between France and

England, cemented by such proofs of cordiality between
the two nations and the two Sovereigns, cannot be
doubted, and Russian statesmen have lost the hope of
ever being able to sow dissension between the Western
Allies. The more close the alliance becomes, the more
grave is considered the prolongation of the present war.
The Russians now recal the verse from Holy writ, so
often quoted by the late Czar in his manifestoes—' God
will punish the aggressor !' and they ask now whether
the chastisement has not commenced. ' Where,' they
ask, are the Mentschikoffs, the Korniloffs, the N achi-
moffs, and so many others who brought about this ter-
rible war ? Is not Prince Gortschakoff pursued with
ill-fortunes ? Is he not as unfortunate at Sebastopol as
he was in the PrincipaNties ? In Asia, Beboutoff and
Andronikoff are gone, and Mouravieff does nothing.. It
must also be acknowledged that the blockade has ruined
commerce, and that wheat, formerly worth 15f. has
now fallen to 2f. The Emperor has conferred upon
Generals Bonin and Makioukine the order of St. Status-
laus of the Ist class. It is generally believed hero that
Revel will be shortly bombarded."
The _Hamburg News publishes the following
from St. Petersburg of the 16th :
"The want of officers is beginning to be so much felt
in the army that the Government is obliged to resort to
all sorts of methods to fill up the existing vacanrie.
Last year the scholars of the military
schools were
allowed to enter the army upon leaving scho,,l, and later
still greater advantages were given them. The students
of the colleges of St. Petersburg and Moscow who have
obtained the degree of candidate, and gone th,"ongh
a prescribed state of military study, can be immediately
gazetted to infantry or cavalry regiments as effieei
The students tt,
of the academies can enter the army '
non-commissioned officers ; nobles can be passed a, offi-
cers at the end of six months, and others after any time,
the reserve is also much shortened. Besides th;.s,
rftiMlleorsycoaws oa
according to their capacity. The period of service in
the
fandeeSrta., Poneterrsabasuirnggcaann beey aadmmi
ai tat
tei do
n into
t o
a the
students of physics and mathematics from the u niversi-
ties o
tbst effect."