The Sun.
London, England, 1855-09-24 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 1855.

Of the many important results sprinting from
the Russian aggression, and the subsequent corn
plications of "the Eastern question," none will
be more beneficial to the cause of freedom and of
civilisation than the thorough and complete un-
derstanding—the cordial friendship that has
arisen between the two great Powers of the West.
It is an alliance not merely of Governments, but of
nations—of dynasties, but of peoples—and ce-
mented by the blood of the best and bravest of
either country. The petty jealousies that so long
prevailed are happily extinguished. The troops
who fought side by side in the same glorious
cause, who • invariably supported each other
wherever aid was required, and who were there-
fore competent to speak of the vigour and un
swerving fidelity of each other—on which impli-
cit reliance might be placed in the hour of
trial, could not nourish any bitterness
of feeling. There was a noble emulation,
a magnanimous desire to obtain the post of
honour and of danger—but there was no attempt
to derogate from the exertions or the successes
of their friendly and highly-prized rivals. Those
who bore the chief honours of the day have always
been willing to render full justice to their
" brothers-in-arms," who were not as fortunate
themselves in bearing the brunt of the encounter.
There was no part of General SIMPSON'S De-
spatch more creditable to the Gallant Commander
than that relating to our brave Allies, which
spoke of their having " entered and carried the
apparently impregnable defences of the Malakhofl
with that impetuous valour which characterises
tile French attack, and from whence, having once
obtained possession, they were never dislodged."
He .truly assigned the honours of that glorious
day to those by whom they had fairly and justly
been earned ; and while he simply related our
own failure to hold the Redan, which had been
so nobly entered, he put forward no needless
excuses for that which required none—the fear-
ful bloodshed amongst the assailants of the
Redan, supplying the most conclusive evidence of
the desperate and unflinching gallantry and self-
devotion both of officers and men during the
sanguinary conflict which was maintained nearly
an hour under the most untoward circumstances.

But General, or rather Marshal, PELISSIBIL was
not equally silent. He spoke of the English
having carried the salient of the Reclan " with
their usual vigour," but fully accounted for their
inability to retain their dearly-acquired position ;
adding, "But, as was the case at the Redan of
Careening Bay, they were obliged to give
way before the enemy's artillery and powerful
reserves !" Thus showing that there was 4, French
as well as an English failure on that ever-memor-
able day.
.While such a spirit prevails between the gallant
C inamanders—a spirit which is fully shared by
the troops under their command—there can be
but little danger of any misunderstanding between
the nations. We cannot, however, refrain from
expressing our intense gratification at the article
which has just appeared in the Moniteur, and
which will be found in another part of this day's
impression. We earnestly commend it to the
perusal and attentive consideration of the British
hdblic• It shows how true-hearted and high-
minded Frenchmen speak of England and the
English), how desirous they are of rendering
full justice to the bravery of our troops and the
sacrifices of our people.

It would but woaken the effect of this truly
admirable article to comment upon any particular
Part thereof, where all is equally worthy of the
highest praise. Its object is to show that " after
having shared in the dangers and the sacrifices of
the War the two peoples should take an equal
share in the glory of the triumph," that each
country has provided according to its resources,
the means of assuring success—that if France
could send out more soldiers, England provided a
greater number of ships, and from her maritime
resources was enabled to supply the means of
transport to many French soldiers, whose ines-
timable services might not otherwise have been
so speedily made available.

In every respect and on every point it renders
full justice to our efforts and exertions, showing
that "in all the phases of the War—at Alma and
at Inkerman,
as at Bomarsund and at SR ea-
borgthe armies and fleets of England and
of Franco have mingled their blood together, and

emulated each other in bravery for the common

cause."

This is the more satisfactory, as it may be re-
garded as an eloquent and correct expression of
the Imperial sentiments. There is no prospect
under such circumstances of any interruption of
our amicable relations with such a People and such
a Government. The delicacy of the compli-
ment enhances its value, and of that which
is no fictitious entente cordiale, but honest
and heartfelt good feeling of La Belle
France and Sterling England, we may exclaim,
" Otis seperabit." It will certainly be beyond
the power of any German neutral, or philo-Musco-
vite to sow dissension between those who are now,
and we earnestly trust will ever remain, firm and
faithful friends at all times, through pod report
and through evil report, in adversity, should it
unhappily arise, as in the brightest hour of
prosperity and triumph.

A few days ago we noticed the remark in a
morning contemporary, that the Crimea would
soon be forbidden ground to Russians till the
CZAR should accept terms of peace satisfactory to
the Allies. We may hope that no member of
the Press, none, at least, which professes to repre-
sent national opinions, conceives, for a moment,
the possibility of ever surrendering this all-im-
portant conquest. Satisfactory terms of peace
must include the retention of the Crimea. On no
point, we are confident, is the public more unani-
mous than that the Crimea shall, under no stipu-
lations whatever, revert to Russia. Who shall
hold it may be fair matter of discussion, though
we think the choice can only well lie between the
two less powerful Allies; but the negative side of
the question every Englishman and Frenchman
has already settled. Were the two countries
polled to-morrow, with the exception of Messrs.
GLADSTONE, COBDEN, and their Cliques, not a
vote would be given for Russia. If asked to
choose a master for that country—even those
whose information was most imperfect, would at
once reply, any of you Allies who may suit best,
!mt on no account Russia.

As we had but lately occasion to observe, no
country could less complain cf the victors' retain-
ing their conquests. Wherever she has been suc-
eessful, she has uniformly seized and retained ter-
ritory. Sweden, Turkey, Persia, not to mention
roland, have all been successively mulcted of
valuable provinces on the conclusion of a peace.
Lademnity and injurious political concessions were
rarely sufficient ; "material guarantees" have been
he constant demand from the times of PETER to
those of NICHOLAS, and his MENSCHIKOFF. Why,
then, scruple for a moment to insist on dealing
)ut to her with her own measure ? Peace,
,sith territorial and pecuniary indemnity, have
heen the uniform condition of these varnished
savages—let them feel that civilised men are not
:heir inferiors in policy. Let them not hope that
ncr superiority as soldiers will be neutralised by
heir superiority in diplomatic cunning. Indeed,
in the case of the Crimea, the very pretext which
CATHERINE assigned for seizing it in flagrant viola-
tion of the treaty of Kaivardji, which explicitly
guaranteed its independence, becomes a real rea-
;on for banishing Russian authority from it for
ver. With unblushing falsehood she proclaimed,
in the edict of annexation in 1783, that the inde-
pendence of the quiet Tartars cost her millions of
roubles and heavy losses of soldiers, the truth
!icing that she had suffered only from attacks on
the independence she had sworn to uphold. The
Allies can now assert with manifest truth that the
lependence of the Crimea on Russia has cost
.hem millions of money and torrents of blood in
capturing the veritable pandemonium she had
R-eated ou its coasts. She annexed the Crimea
sand all the Kuban, to secure, as she pretended,
her empire—in reality, to make Russia mistress
of all the East. We must now dissever the Crimea
end all Asia from the Kuban southwards from
Russia, to secure Turkey and all the East against
this ever restless and unprincipled aggressor.
If we look to the political results of allowing
Russia to re-enter the Crimea, or the contrary, it
seems sheer infatuation, or rather treachery, to
restore it. Nothing could prevent her making
Sebastopol again more formidable than ever. She
need not rebuild the huge forts of stdne. It has
been rendered but too plain that earthworks can
he rendered more formidable than even granite
itself. She might easily and secretly replace her
immense stores of guns and ammunition, she
!night accumulate vast stores of provisions, she
could then with an adequate number of troops
erect in a few months, and ere au army could
land on her shores, such works as could never be
reduced again. Thus, even supposing she did not
openly rebuild her pirate's bold, which Europe
would not at all times go to war to prevent, sh
could gradually and privately make all requisite
preparations, and cornplee the more conspicuous
part of the work at any time. As to a navy, it
sf)uld not be difficult to build any number of the
most formidable gun-boats in her rivers, nor would
it be easy to go to war with her for three deckers
on the stocks.

Limitation of her navy by treaty has, however,
been thoroughly exploded as a piece of Vienna
humbug—our readers must pardon the only word
in our language which befits the combined mean-
ness and roguery of Vienna doings. Without
Sebastopol Russia never can be mistress of the
Black Sea. Even if Nicolaieff and Odessa were
left her, which ought not to be, the possessor of
Sebastopol could always scour the seas of all she
could send into them. As has been long re-
marked, a fleet without Sebastopol, or Sebastopol
without a fleet, would be useless for aggression.
It is the two which place the Turks and Circas-
slaps so much at her mercy. But if Sebastopol
he the hands of a party necessarily interested
in the independence of Turkey, Russia is helpless
for mischief. The remarks we have made on the
Crimea apply with secondary force to all the
ports of the Sea of Azoff and the brave Circas-
sians. It would be inhumanity as well as im-
policy to allow Russia ever again to exclude them
by a girdle of marine fortresses from their
own coast and from the commerce of Europe. It
is free intercourse with the civilised world by
which the brave mountaineers will be socially
raised, not by being cooped up by the artillery
and musquets of Russian serfs.
There is an additional reason why the Crimea
should lie occupied by an Anti-Russian power,
and that is, to punish Austria more effectually.
For this purpose the selection of Sardinia as the
sentinel of Eastern and European liberties in this
quarter would be peculiarly desirable and just.
Austria has proved herself coward, traitor, and
swindler. She was first afraid to face Russia in
the Principalities, then emboldened Russia to at-
tack us at Inkerman, meantime she had swindled
the Turks and the Allies out of the Provinces,
and 011 ER PACHA out of a thorough rout of the
Russians. This meanest of powers then showed
her at Sardinia's bravery and love of free-
dom in joining the Allies, and would now if she
dare invade her territories ; most righteously will
it reward Austria to be walked out of the
Provinces, while Sardinia was placed just where
a small navy would command the mouths of the
Danube. It is not yet, however, the hour for

details. Suffice it now to warn our governors,
and the Germans who would govern them, that to

dream of restoring the hard-won Crimea—the
invaluable guarantee—to Russia would raise a
revolution in the country, and would blast with
universal execration ANY individual suspected of
being the real mover in so infamous a concession.

The conduct of the present Viceroy of Egypt
stands out in marked contrast to that of his pre-
decessor. Though greatly superior to him in
many respects, he has by no means shown that
dutiful devotion to his Suzerain which, politically
speaking, redeemed to a considerable extent the
errors of SAID PASHA. The latter, it is well
known, put all the resources of Egypt into requi-
sition in support of the SULTAN in his conflict
with Russia—the former, now that the necessities
of the Turkish Empire are greater and more
urgent than ever, appears desirous to lend as
little assistance to his Suzerain as possible. Though
the forces of the SULTAN have been deplorably re-
duced in numerical strength, and further recruiting
from the greatly diminished population is exceed-
ingly difficult, so far from despatching troops to the
aid of his SOVEREIGN, he actually grudges the
soldiers needed to put down a local revolt in the
province of Tripoli. To the SULTAN'S request for
troops for this purpose, his only reply has hitherto
been a resultless inquiry about the screw steamers
at Alexandria.

The cause of this reluctance to support his
SOVEREIGN, to whom his family owes a he redi,.
tary throne, would appear to be ambition, pos-
sibly stimulated by Russian intrigue. The career
of MEHEMET ALI has probably suggested a similar
one, to be commenced under apparently more
advantageous circumstances. It is stated that to
an intrigue, in which the VICEROY was an
influential party, REDSCHID PASHA owed his
dismissal, and that the viceroy chafes at the fact
of the tribute he pays being handed over
to France and England, whereby a stronger
hold is obtained of his allegiance. This much
seems certain—that the Porte has expressed its
sense of his conduct to the Allied Powers, and
that they regard it in a light so far from favour-
able to the Pasha that the latter, while hastening
to lay his defence before the Governments of this
country and France, thought better of it, and
turned back before he reached Marseilles. It un-
doubtedly is not easy for one in his peculiar posi-
tion to escape misrepresentation by parties in-
terested in promoting differences between him
and his Suzerain, and due allowance should be
made on this account ; but the present is not a
time to resent such misrepresentation by with-
holding supplies, while, if the ambitious views at-
tributed to him have really foundation in fact,
the Allied Powers have reasons strong enough to
induce them to put in an irrevocable veto to their
accomplishment. It cannot be tolerated that
while the aggressions of Russia are resisted
vi et armis, the treachery of an Egyptian Viceroy
should be winked at or overlooked.

Ero the harvest in Wallachia and Moldavia
had well begun, we urged on our Government
the clearance of the mouths of the Danube. The
importance of the recommendation has now be-
come more apparent than ever. Mark-lane re-
minds us of it three times a week, au I our baker
daily. Independently of military and political
considerations, we are feeling, both in France and
England, the want of what the fleeced inhabitants
of the provinces would be glad to sell us. We
have had rather defective, they abundant harvests.
Free traffic with us would, in some measure, com-
pensate them for Russian and Austrian exactions.
There is nothing in the way but the Russian
gun-boats near the mouth, and a few strand bat-
teries ; of either of these Sir E. LYONS could
satisfactorily dispose in a short time. France
was sending out a large number of river steamers
a short time back. We had hoped they might be
intended to clear the Danube for trade. As we
mentioned on the former occasion, to open the
trade with the Danube would facilitate greatly
the supplies needed for the East. The state of
the English and French corn markets, however,
and the claims of the provinces, aro sufficient
reasons for bestirring ourselves in this matter.

If any anything could degrade yet lower the
most selfish and perfidious Court in Europe, it
that Austria should have occupied the provinces
all this time, professedly in aid of the SULTAN
and the Allies, and that the Danube should not
even yet be free. Russia dare not oppose what
Austria had courage or inclination to demand
there. She has probably neither. She can oc-
cupy territory which, till Sebastopol fell, she
thought she might one day appropriate. She
could plunder the inhabitants, murder the men,
and violate the women. She could uphold the
Russian tool, STIRBEY, and make him equally sub-
servient to herself ; but one worthy deed—such
as opening to trade their and her great river—
this she has not even attempted. It would
benefit the provinces, and the Allies, and annoy
Russia ; reasons sufficient for Austrian inaction.

The Prussian government intonds causing numerous
excavations to be made in Greece, and sending two
sv;ans to superintend them.

Baron Alexander von Humboldt has just celebrated
the 86th anniversary of his birthday. Notwithstanding
his great age, he still unremittingly continues his im-
portant labours.

THE HIGHLAND GARB IN CALIFORNIA.--A Scotch
gentleman in San Francisco has organised a military
company of his follow-countr3men, who are to be dressed
in complete Highland garb. He sends to Edinburgh for
the uniform, at a cost of 5,000 dollars.
Professor Ernest Remhold, son of the celebrated
German philosopher of that name, a'd himself a very
remarkable man, died et Jena four days ago in hi 3 62d
ear, from an attack of apoplexy.
JUDGES' CHALIBERS.—SEPT. 22.—THE QUEEN V.
WYNN.—CHARGE OF MANSLAUGHTER AGAINST A
POLICE INSPECTOR.—This case, which was reported in
The &en, was on Saturday decided before Mr. Justice
Willes at chambers. The defendant was an inspector of
police, at Northampton, and in dispersing an assem-
b'age of people, it was alleged that he had ill-treated a
man named Burton, who died from the injuries he bad
received. Mr. Justice Willes made the rule absolute
for the defendant to be discharged on bail.
THE ZOLLVEREIN:—A letter from Berlin states that
the different governments of the Zollverein have ac-
celed to the application of Prussia to prolong to the end
of September, 1856, the permission to export corn, and
that this decision will soon be published officially.
QUARANTINE.—The Belgian Consul al- Lisbon has ir
formed his Government that the Board of Health in
Portugal has declared the ports of Villa Nova de Porti-
mao, and Alvo, in the Algarves, to be infected with
cholera.

Previous to leaving Paris Mme. Ristori had the
honor to receive, on the part of the Emperor, a mag-
nificent diamond bracelet as a mark of his Majesty's
high admiration of her genius.
LYCEUM THEATRE.—The boys of the Duke of York's
military school were treated by Mr. Anderson on Satur-
day morning with an opportunity to witness his popular
magical performances. In the course of the entertain-
ments their juvenile band played the National Anthem,
Partant pour la Syrie, and other pieces, which obtained
deserved commendation from the excellence with which
they were executed. Much amusement was occasioned
at'the termination of the performance by the nationality
displayed by the boys on Mr. Anderson presenting each
with the flag of either England, France, Turkey, or
Sardinia. The union jack was in general request, whilst
the tricolors of France and Sardinia were politely de-
clined for the emblem of England. Mr. Anderson states
it to be his intention to invite the pupils of all the large
public charities to his Saturday morning entertainments.

THE AMERICAN MAILS.—The United States Mail
Steam-ship Pacific, Captain Ezra Nye, sailed from the
Mersey on Saturday evening for New York, with the
usual mails for the United States and British North
American possessions, 187 passengers, and a full cargo
of merchandise on freight. Prior to her departure,
Messrs. Wilmer and Smith, of Liverpool, placed copies
of the London journals of Saturday (containing the offi-
cial despatches of Ganeral Simpson relating to the cap-
ture of Sebastopol) for the press and public institu-
tions of the Woetern Continent.