The Sun.
London, England, 1855-03-27 00:00:00

office, any of the leading journals of the day would lose a
single reader by the alteration. The effect of the removal
of the stamp duty would in his opinion be to call into
existeuce a class of papers adapted to another class of read-
ers, and suited to their means and capacities. But even if
this were net so, what right had the house, either in justice
or reason, to keep up by artificial regulations the high price
of a commodity in which the rich rejoiced, and prevent the
poor man from getting an article adapted to his wants,
merely in order to benefit and keep up the character of the
high-priced paper? (Hear.) Then, too, it had been said
that the abolition of the stamp duties would call into ex-
istence a class of cheap immoral and seditious papers. Bat
if such journals should militate in any way against law
and order, the law was amply strong enough to control and
put them down ; and if it were thought that the proposal
to take away the registration of the names of the proprie-
tors would tend to increase an objectionable class of publi-
cations, it should be borne in mind that such proposition
was only a subordinate part, and not in any way connected
with the principle, of the bill. No person could deny that
a great improvement had taken place in the character of
the press during the last few years, but this beneficial
change had occurred since the lowering of the stamp duty
of 4d. to ld. Why, then, if such good results had attended
this reduction, should such gloomy anticipations be in-
dulged in with respect to the effect of the further reduc-
tion ? (Hear.) The altered state of the feeling of the
public was such that whenever a libel occurred there was
no difficulty in getting a jury to convict. The Satirist was
annihilated by the repeated damages obtained by indivi-
duals whose characters had been traduced; and if such a
paper were again to be attempted to be forced into circula-
tion, it would be swept away by the indignant voice of the
country and the verdicts of honest juries. (Hear.) This
groat question, then, was perfectly rips for solution, and
he trusted that the house would not, by adopting the
amendment of the hon. member for Kent, further postpone
its final settlement. Allusion had been made by the hon.
member to the necessity of an alteration in the law
of copyright ; but that law was at present strong
enough for its purpose, and he did not think that exist-
ing newspapers would be exposed to more piracy after the
removal of the stamp duty than they were at the present
moment. The daily papers were exposed to the piracy of
the evening and of the weekly papers, and information
which they gave was published the same day and in the week
after, condensed, abridged, or transformed in so many dif-
ferent shapes as not to be any cause of complaint. It had
been stated that if the tax were taken off ic would be pos-
sible for some paper to be started the object of which
would be to steal the matter of the morning papers, and
bring oat later in the day the information which others
had collected at great expense. He believed that if such
a speculation were likely to answer, the difference of one
thep:enrneydiinsptash:dpritoceaoeftinso
paper
shameful ame
would notstuouper. But,those i
who
f
such an outrageous attempt at fraud and robbery were to
be made by any person, upon an action being brought, the
indignation of a jury at such an outrage would induce
them to give such damages as would at once put a stop to
any such proceeding. (Hear, hear.) There were news-
papers now springing up by scores, many of them devoted
to subjects connected with the war, but the reason the
law had not been put in force against them was because
the Government had really decided upon the abolition of
the tax, and it would have appeared an act of harshness
and injustice to have proceeded against them for infringing
a law which the Government had decided upon repealing.
At the same time, however, it should not be overlooked
that to allow those parties to infringe the law was evi-
dently unjust to those who were called upon to pay the
tax. In conclusion, the hon. and learned gentleman re-
spectfully implored the house to consent to the second
reading of the bill.

Sir F. BARING said that he always listened with the
greatest pleasure and attention to the hon. baronet the
member for Hertfordshire and the hon. and learned At-
torney-General, and he had certainly never more admired
their talent, and the way in which they dealt with a ques-
tion, than upon the present occasion, for neither of those
hon. members had in the least met the objections taken by
the hon. member for Kent. (Heats) What was the object
of that hon. member ? He had stated that, by the Chan-
cellor of the Exchquer's own explanations, he was about to
propose an alteration by which a less to the revenue would
accrue of something over 203,0001., and that it would be
his duty to propose some other tax to make up this defi-
ciency in the revenue. The hon. member, therefore, not
very unreasonably called upon the house not to go into the
consideration of this question until the alternative of the
other taxes was before the house, and the public had an
opportunity of deciding whether they would undergo the
evils which at present existed or consent to those which
might be proposed to the house. It had been said that the
oublic were exceedingly anxious to have this bill passed,
but this extraordinary haste to press the measure through
the house appeared to him to throw something like dis-
credit upon the statement. He disapproved entirely of
the principle of discussing propositions of this sort before
the house had before it a full and comprehensive view of
the finances of the country, and regretted the departure
from that sound principle of finance and policy which the
present case presented. He had known but one exception
to that correct course, and that was the establishment of
the penny postage system, a measure which no doubt was
attended with many beneficial results, but its adoption
led to great confusion in the public accounts, and the im-
position of the income tax was in a great degree the result
of that legislation. At the present moment the stato of
the finances was more uncomfortable than usual, and if
the Chancellor of the Exchequer was about to follow out
the principle laid down of raising the service of the year
by the taxes of the year, he would find that even 200,0001.
was not a sum which he could rashly dispose of. But if
they had recourse to a loanand he expressed no opinion
on the policy of such a course—it might be just to leave a
portion of the burden of the war to posterity, but it
would not be either an honest or straightforward course to
ask posterity to pay for the reduction of taxation proposed
in the present measure. With respect to the proposal
before the house, the fact was that this penny stamp duty
could hardly be called a tax ; it was a composition for
privileges enjoyed under the Post-office, which wore paid
fur in the shape of a stamp. The fact was, that aboutBo per cent. of the whole of the carriage of the mails of
the country was in newspapers. The country paid for the
carrriage of the inland mails—to say nothing of the cost
of the establishment and charges of delivery-693,0; 01. ;
and for the packet service, 732,000/4 or, in round numbers,
about 1e51.),000/. The 4C0,000/, levied by the stamp
duty, with the additional postage for the colonies.
would not exceed 500,0001., EO that the country carried 80
per cent. cf the whole of the mails in newspapers at a cost
of not more than one-third of the actual carriage. If the
whole cost of the establishment and carriago of the Post-
office were included, the amount would be 2,430,0001.; the
sum received for the carriage of letters and newspapers was
1,208,0001. but the newspapers, which amounted to 80 per
cent. of all passed through the post-office, did not pay
snore than half a million. He thought, therefore, that the
newspapers received more than a full equivalent for the
stamp duty which they paid. (Hear.) He thought the
hon, and learned Attorney-General might have reduced the
definition of what was a newspaper to that which common
sense was very much inclined to think was a newspaper,
and thus have avoided the alternative of either prosecuting
a large number of periodicals or proposing the total repeal
of the stamp duty. (Hear.) The hon. and learned At-
torney-General had argued the question as if it were a set-
tlement of the whole matter. But was the bill before the
house a settlement of the question ? The hon. and learned
gentleman was unable to say what a newspaper was, or to
give a definition of one ; yet in some of the clauses of the
bill newspapers were specially referred to, and it would be
impossible to put a construction ou those clauses without
twing a definition of a newspaper. The two gentlemen
who had supported the bill so eloquently had stated that
it would not be satisfactory without some settlement of the
1 question of copyright. Then, as to the moral effect of the
I proposed change • while on one hand they heard much
about the advantage of Americanising the press of this
I country, they heard the Americans themselves state that
their press was to them no great blessing. Whether there
was revenue to dispose of or not, he (Sir F. Baring) stood
up for the principle that the house should not take off a
tax without having the substitute which was to be proposed
first brought under consideration.
Mr. PACKE supported the proposition for postponing
the second reading of the bill.
Mr. MIALL, after stating what he considered to be the
arguments employed by the antagonists of the bill, whom
he charged with gross selfishness, observed that a largo
1 majority of the house had decided that it was a matter of
high policy to diffuse education at the public cost; yet it
I was now asked, after thus stimulating the mental curiosity
of the people, to refuse the easiest and best means of gra-
tifying it, by rejecting this bill. He denied that there
was any danger of cheapened newspapers deteriorating the
press, or of interfering with those of a higher class. Un-
restricted
competition in this, as in other cases, weuld not
only increase production but improve quality.
Mr. DRUMMOND, in a speech more than usually dis-
cursive, declared his opinion to be that, instead of being
the greatest glory of the country, the press, is its present
state, was one of its greatest curses. It was a mercantile
speculation, and nothing olso, for pampering tlie taste of
the English people for political gossip.
Mr. DUFFY supported the bill, replying to various ob-
jections offered to a change of the law.

... -
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER—I do not
accuse my hon. friend of any intention to make a factious
motion, or of being influenced by motives of party opposi-
tion in submitting his amendment to the house, norshould
I have had any difficulty in acceding to it if I could have
brought myself to look upon this question as exclusively,
or even principally, a financial question. (Hear.) When
I introduced the measure I was under the impression that
I was giving effect to the declared and recorded opinion of
the house in the session of 1851. Let m 3 call the attention
of the house to the words of that resolution :—" It is the
opinion of this house that the laws in reference to the
periodical press and newspaper stamp are ill defined, and
unequally enforced ; and it appears to this house that the
subject demands th early consideration of Parliament."
Now, it is important to observe the time when this reso-
lution was agreed to. My right hon. friend the member
for the University of Oxford made his second financial
statement, proposing an addition of 10,000,000/. of taxa-
tion for the expenditure of the war on the Bth of May last,
and on the 16th of May my right hon. friend the member
for Manchester moved and carried this resolution. The
house, therefore, passed the resolution with a full know-
ledge that a great war expenditure was to be met by in-
creased taxation, and passed it within a few days after
' the statement to that effect had been made, with the im-
pression of the fact fresh upon their minds. (Hear.) If,
therefore, the financial objection had pressed upon the
house last session as strongly as it now seems to weigh
with hon. members opposite, it is' clear that the resolu-
tion could not then have been carried. But an attempt
has been made upon the opposite side to throw doubt on
the meaning of the resolution. Abstract resolutions upon
questions of finance are op en to objections, and I regret
that my right hon. friend did not move some specific plan
ia a Committee of Ways and Means instead of leaving us
to dispute as to the precise meaning he intended to convey ;
but it appears to me that no reasonable doubt can exist as
to the meaning of this resolution. As in the case of an
I a motion must begt
oath which is construes secunclum animum deponendil, so
vernssonruwedhoacmcoarkdeistigitt.o thef rinigthentthaonud.
was not a proper Object for taxation, and in introdu-
. amp. After hear-
his motion he ,
ful.y stated his views
a re t* motion
whlch were inimical to the newspapserVßlws to the house,
ing his opinions and his arguments the house agreed to 11.
news
motion. Can there be any doubt that
law ? Can any one
. as a resolution cont
was carried it was udnoduebrstttohocaltteitivniTaly
tion and repeal, as far alwen virtualtticaotri
aen
a ion of the
law resolution, by
d repeal it, of
was to be al-
its very
this house have the hardihood to
I the newspaper stamp
tared. Can any one in
that the law should
imp; i
esHe
tabr,atheatrh..e)
be reti-
e 9 If, then, the law was to be
tiered mere stringent and sever
e.n
_ere
d more stringent or
altered, and it was not to be r d
maintain Learn: si't could mean
resolution have but that it
severe, what meaning could the
tamp not GoralmiliorY
other manner than by rendering the P
should be relaxed ? and hew could
.lit be relaxed In any

but optional? For the reasons I have stated I believed '
that in introducing this measure I was giving effect to the
distinct and declared opinion of the house in its last ses-
sion. If it should please the house to recede from their
determination—if they should now change their opinion
and depart from that resolution—let there, by distinctly
rejecting the bill, not by acceding to Km dilatory motion
proposed by the hon. gentleman, but by voting for a motion
that it be read a second time in six months, simply rescind
the resolution, and so place the Government in a clear and
intelligible position with respect to the administration of I
the law. If you reject the second reading of the bill, in i
what position will the Government stand with respect to
those publications, the nature of which has been so fully
and ably explained by the Attorney-General ? Do you
propose to legalise class publications? Would anybody
undertake to define the precise difference between class
newspapers and other newspapers? It has been found
difficult enough to define a newspaper in its extended
sense, and would any one lay down such a definition as
would satisfy judges and jurymen? Would any one with
metaphysical minuteness draw a line for practical purposes
between class and other newspapers? It that task is to be
imposed upon the Government, I trust that seine gentle-
man who has supported the amendment will give us the
benefit of his valuable advice on the subject. Is the At-
torney-General to prosecute some 150 newspapers which
have hitherto received the indulgence of the Government,
which have grown up under a permission not sanctioned
by the letter of the law, but which has induced proprie-
tors to embark their capital in extensive literary and com-
mercial enterprises ? They have formed large connexions
with classes of customers and of readers through the long-
continued toleration of the Government, known to the
public, known to this house, and not censured or objected
to by the house ; and are they suddeutz to find them-
selves the objects, or, as it might be said with truth,
the victims, of ex officio prosecutions, and to be at once de-
prived of the privilege they have so long enjoyed? If that
is the course to which the Government is to be driven, I
i trust t may be distinctly signified by those who support
the amendment of my hon. friend and wish for the rejec-
t tion of the second reading. I will not attempt to travel
over the general topics which have been so ably illustrated
and almost exhausted in the eloquent, and not more elo-
quent than argumentative, speech of the hon. baronet the
member for Hertfordshire. It would be arrogance in me
to enter into the various topics to which he referred, and I
will only advert to one of the points he so ably and copi-
ously illustrated—l mean that of the great alarm which
appears to have seized both the metropolitan and the pro-
vincial press from the proposed abolition of the stamp
duty. The metropolitan press appears to think that when
the penny stamp is removed it will be ruined by the pro-
vincial press ; the provincial press, on the other hand, be-
lieves that it will be ruined by the London press—(hear)—
and both the London and provincial press believe they will
be ruined by some possible press which has not yet been
called into existence. (Hear.) Now, I confess that I can-
not but regard all such fears as fears inspired by imagina-
tion rather than by reason and by examination into futu-
rity founded upon facts and experience. Let us only con-
sider what has been the effect of reducing the stamp duty
from 4d. to ld. Surely that reduction mutt have affected
the interests of the great newspapers more than the re-
moval of the last penny can effect them ; and yet we know
by experience that the newspapers with a large circulation,
both in the metropolis and in the provinces, rather de-
rived benefit than suffered injury from the reduction of
the stamp duty from 4d. to ld. They are in possession of
the market, they have the command of capital, they have
an established connexion, they are known to the public
as the chief channels for advertisements, and they must
unquestionably enter the new field of competition
which will be opened to them with greater advantages
than any new competitors can possess. It will be ex-
pected that I should say something with respect to the
financial aspect of this question, which has received so
much attention during the debate. lam not about to
deny that the estimated loss of 200,000/. a-year is a mate-
rial circumstance for the consideration of this house.
Nevertheless, in the construction of the financial plan
which, it will be my duty to submit to the house immedi-
ately after the Easter recess, allowance will be made for
the loss of the revenue that will be thus occasioned, and
her Majesty's Government will, upon their responsibility,
propose such a scheme of finance as will provide steeply for
the expenditure of the year, including the loss which may
be occasioned under the head of newspaper stamp duties.
Whatever risk may exist of such a sacrifice of revenue, the
Government, with the full knowledge that that reduction
is to be provided for, upon their responsibility propose
this measure to the house. The sum of 200,0001. which I
have mentioned, is the estimate made by the Post-office
authorities, not certainly upon very certain data, but upon
the best which the subject admits of obtaining. That esti-
mate does not include any allowance for an in‘o-ease in the
paper duty. The paper duty now produces about
1,000,000/. a year, and certainly, if tho anticipations of
which we hear, that the country will bo inundated with
new newspapers, should receive a verification to :eny per-
ceptible degree, we may calculate upon some considerable
increase of the paper duty. I don't myself venture. to give
any estimate of the increase of the paper duty. 1 merely
state that the estimate of the loss of 200,0001., which I
laid before the house, does not include any allowance for
the increase of the paper duty. There is another point
which has been adverted to by more than one hon, mem-
ber as affording the means, he some respect, of supplying
the loss occasioned by the abolition of the compulsory
stamp— I mean a cheap book post—(hear, hear)—a charge
of postage for printed publications, not being periodi-
cal publications, not coming within the terms of the
trill now upon the table, but which would at present
be subjected to the letter rates of postage.. Having
conferred with the Postmaster-General, I can state
that, in case this bill should receive the sanction
of Parliament, her Majesty's Government will be pre-
pared to introduce a book postage at lower rates than the
scale now existing. The lowest rate of the present book
postage is 6d. for one pound weight. That rate of postage
was established by a Treasury warrant. It is proposed to
amend that Treasury warrant so that it may include a lower
scale of rates ; facilities will thus be given for the transport
of books and printed matter at a cheap rate, and it is anti-
cipated that this change may lead to some considerable
' augmentation of the Post-office revenue. This is an ar-
rangement which may be Carried into effect by the war-
rant of the Lords of the Treasury, for, as it involves a mere
variation of the existing rates of book postage, it does not
require the sanction of an act of Parliament. Having thus
explained the financial portion of the Question, Isbell leave
this bill in the hands of the house, only pressing upon them
this consideration, that it is most important, not upon
financial grounds, but with reference to the recorded reso-
lution of this house—(hear)—for the purpose of maintain-
ing the consistency of the house and of it: proceedings, and
also for the purpose of putting an end to a most anomalous
and unconstitutional state of the law and to perpetual
scandals which consequently arise, that the house should
pronounce a clear opinion upon this bill; that they should
either road it a second time this evening or reject it; and
that they should not accede to the unmeaning, the useless,
and the dilatory motion of my hon. friend. (Hear.)
Mr. DISRAELI—The right hon. gentleman has founded
the course he recommends the house to pursue upon a prin-
ciple which in practice be would find it very difficult to
maintain. I understand from him that he founds it not
so much upon those great principles of policy which have
been so eloquently advocated by the hon. member for Hert-
fordshire, and with great ability by other members of this
house, as upon the principle that the recorded opinion of
the house upon this subject is, in the mind of the right hon.
gentleman, a fact of such gravity and importance, that it is
impossible for him, as Chancellor of Exchequer, to resist
an intimation so precise and definite. Now, sir, how can this
principle he maintained in practice? Has it always been—l
may almost say has it ever been —the principle adopted by
Chancellors of the Exchequer, that they should, as a mat-
ter of course, assume a vote of this house, with respect to
a particular tax, as an indication which cannotbe mistaken,
and a sanction of a course which cannot be relinquished
by the Government; and that the policy or expediency of
repealing the tax, and the proper time for taking such a
step—which is the question but oro us to-night—are to be
omitted from all future discussion? (Hear.) Why, in
1853, two sessions ago, the subject of what are called taxes
on knowledge was brought before this house, and a resolu-
tion, I think, for the abolition of the advertisement duty
was carried by a large majority, but the Government did
not on that occasion express their opinion that that vote
was final on the question, nor did the Government act upon
that vote. (Hear.) Have we not had the malt-tax repealed
by a vote of the House of Commons before this, and were
we then told by the Minister that, as a matter of course, it
was the duty of the Government immediately to propose
the repeal of that tax in consequence of the vote which this
house had adopted? (Rear, hear.) On the contrary, were
we not reminded the other night by the right hon. member
for the University that a former colleague of his the late
Sir Ps. Peel; had to his honour resistal the vote of the
House of Commons upon that subject, and that he had suc-
cessfully called upon the house to rescind it? (Hear, hear.)
Why, I remember a vote of this house for rescinding the
sugar duties being carried against a powerful Government,
but were the sugar duties abolished by the Minister of the
day in consequence of that vote? No; on that occasion he
called upon the house to rescind the resolution at which
it had arrived. But what happened in our very recent
experience with respect to the vote of this house on the
subject of attorneys' certificates? (" Hear," and laughter.)
A vote for abolishing the duty was adopted by a very
large majority—a greater majority than has ever voted
for the repeal of the taxes immediately under
discussion to-night ; but did the Chancellor of the
Exchequer then wine forward and say that,in consequence
of the vote of the House of Commons, he felt it incumbent
upon the Government to propose the repeal of the certifi-
cate duty? Why, that duty is not repealed at this moment.
(Hear, and' laughter.) You have hid financial reform, you
have had the revision of taxation, you have had the whole
question of taxation considered in every possible light, and
yet you have not got the duty on attorneys' certificates re-
pealed—(a laugh)—although you had repeated votes on the
subject. But now, the Chancellor of tire Exchequer, in
vindication of himself, not for proposing the repeal of these
taxes on introducing his financial statement to the house,
but in vindication of his proposing the repeal of a tax
before the house is favoured with his financial scheme or
knows what substitute he is going to recommend—lays it
down as a proposition which cannot be controverted, and
as a principle of action which the Government adopts, that
the moment the house has consented by its vote to the re-
peal of a tax, it is the duty of the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer to act in conformity with that vote. I certainly
cannot agreee with the Chancellor of the Exchequer upon
that point, for I remember very well the arguments that
were used by the right hon. mei:fiber for the university with
respect to the repeal of the Attorneys' Certificate Duty.
That right hon. gentleman (Mr. Gladstone) then said, that
it was the duty of the Chancellor of the Exchequer not
only to hear arguments in favour of the particular proposi-
tion then before the house, but also to hear arguments in
favour of the repeal of any other taxes which the house
might think ought to be abolished, in order that he might
avail himself of the information be could obtain from such
discussions in framing his financial scheme. The right hop.
gentleman argued against being called on to give any opi-
nion on the part of the Government before the introduc-
tion of their financial scheme; and the right 'non. gentle-
man then said : _

" If it be acknowledged that it is the privilege of the
House of Commons to propose the repeal of one tax after
another bye majority, and so dictate to tho Chancellor of
the Exchequer what shall be the financial policy of which
he is to bo the organ in this house, what, I want to know,
is the use of the Chancellor of the Exchequer." .
(Hear, hoar.) I say, then, if the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer's position to-night is founded on that principle I shall
have to say to him, " What is the use of the Chancellor of
the Exchequer ?" (Laughter.) I shall see it my duty, sir,
to support the hon. member for East Bent in the proposi-
tion which he has made. It is not a proposition that ea-
ters into the general merits of the question. When we are
favoured with the financial statement of the Chancellor of
the Exchequer, if he feel himself justified in offering a pro-
position to the house with respect to newspaper stamps, I
shall listen to that proposition without any prejudice what-
ever; but I think there is no proposition that can be made
this 41.0111e11t that is mono rational, or that recommends

itself to the house bv arguments of more unanswerable rea-
muceenita,rwoltetlewEe
theson, than
statementtht
Oatt thisthe umh
Exchequer,
cia cnceotr,doirtgthtoe
very verge and threshold of the budget, we should not be
called on to repeal a tax when the right hon, gentleman
will not, and cannot, tell us what is the compensation to
be afforded to the revenue for the tax we are going to re-
peal, and what is the substitute which we are to be asked
to impose. (Hear.) The right bon. gentleman has, indeed,
stated to the house that the Government have a scheme
which they have perfect confidence will make up for the
loss the revenue will sustain in consequence of the repeal
of the newspaper stamp duty. I have no doubt the Goveru-
meat have full confidence in that project. I have no doubt
the Guyer nment have confidence in the right hon. gentle-
man—but the question is, has the House of Commons con-
fidence in the project of the Government? (Hear.) It may
be doubtful whether we shall have confidence in that pro-
ject when we are asked to give it; but to ask us to have con-
fidence in what the right hon. gentleman does not con-
descend to communicate to us is to exact too much from
the trust of this house, and to take a somewhat more san-
guine view of the existence of the Government than the
right hon. gentleman is warranted in doing. (A laugh.)
The right hon. gentleman tells us that, if we postpone this
proposition, the Government will be involved in difficul-
ties, and he shrinks from the task of defining what is news.
Now, I agree with the right hon. gentleman the member
for Portsmouth, that there is not much difficulty in solv-
ing a question that appears so great to the Government.
So far as I could perceive from a somewhat hasty examina-
tion of the 155 journals to which the right hon. gentleman
refers, there is but an insignificant fraction of them that
will require his attention. (Hear.) I was amused the
other day on meeting with a caballistic definition of news,
in a book of childish instruction, that might have afforded
some hints even to ii Minister of Finance. (Hear.) The
word " news" was there described by the initial letters of
the four points of the compass. It istho initialletters of the
four points of the compass that make the word " news,'
and he must under-shred that news is that which cornea from
the North, South, East, and West, and if it comes from
only one point of the compass, then it is a class publica-
tion, and not news. (Laughter.) If he takes that simple
instruction as his glide, I think ho will not find his diffi-
culties in the definition of news so insurmountable as he
takes them to be. (Laughter.) Sir, Ido not now enter on
the merits of the general question. I address myself only
to the amendment of my hon. friend—an amendment, in
my estimation, so sound, so just, and so suited to the cir-
cumstances with which we have to deal, that I feel it my
duty to give it my best support. (Cheers.)
Lord PALMERSTON—The right hon. gentleman who
has just sat down has stated with groat accuracy that cases
have occurred—and he stated several—in which this house
having come to certain resolutions in regard to taxation and
finance, the Government of the:day have not deemed it its
duty, or necessary, to adopt the resolutions to which the
house may have come; but I think the right hon. gentleman
has omitted to consider the peculiar character of the resolu-
tion to which my right hon. friend addressed his remarks.
Anybody may easily understand that, if a resolution to
abolish a tax is proposed to this house, and the Govern-
ment of the day resist it, but that the resolution is carried
in spite of that resistance, the Government, holding by
their own opinion of the tax, may abstain from taking any
steps in consequence of the resolution so carried in spite of
their opposition. (Hear.) But the resolution to which nay
right hon. friend alluded was a resolution carried without
a dissentient voice —(hear) —a resolution in which the Go-
vernment of the day concurred, and to which the Govern-
ment are as much bound as the persons by whom it was
proposed to the house ; and it will bo seen at once that
there is an essential difference between a resolution
so carried and one that 14 resisted and carricei in spite
of the opinions and strung determination of the Go-
vernment. (Hear, hear.) With regard to the financial
part of the question, if my right hon. friend were pick-
ing out a tax which he thought in itself objectionable,
and simply because he thought some other taxes would be
preferable, it would be very reasonable for those who ob-
jected to that course to say, " Let us wait till we see
whether the tax you are about to propose will be less ob-
jectionable than the one you propose to abolish." If it
were a question of mere preference in regard to financial
op_retions, I could understand the grown ion which gentle-
men opposed to the tax might wish to see whether another
arrangement better suited to the wants and wishes of the
country might not be proposed ; but the measure of my
right hon. friend is not founded on financial preference. It
is grounded, not merely on the resolution of last year, but
on the foundation on which that resolution rested. ft is
grounded on the injurious, and, indeed, intolerable state
of the law—a state in which it is impossible the law can
be enforced as it stands, and which we feel requires to bo
altered. The law must be altered, because it is a scandal
that a law should exist that cannot from its nature be
enforced. (Hear, hear.) If the law be altered, you must
either make it more stringent, more precise, and enable
the officers of the Crown to carry out its provisions and
enforce its penalties in any case where it is violated—a
course which I think this house will not be prepared to
adopt ; or, if you will not do that, you must adopt the
line of relaxation, and make the law more indulgent.
For my part, I do not contemplate the proposed change as
likely to be attended with those dangers that have been
anticipated by some gentlemen in tho course of the even-
ing. Ido not anticipate that this change will be produc-
tive of that injury to existing newspapers which they
themselves have so industriously endeavoured to persuade
us is awaiting them. I am persuaded that those newspapers
—commercial speculations, such as described by the hon.
member for West Surrey in that amusing speech with
which he has entertained the house this evening—that
those great establishments will maintain their ground in
spite of any competition that my right honourable
friend's measure may bring against them. (Hear, hear.)
I am equally convinced that there is no real danger to the
morals of the country from those cheap publications that
are likely to rise up when this stamp duty is removed.
(Hear.) I agree with those who have such confidence in
the good sense and good feeling of the lower classes—for
it is to thorn only that these cheap publications will be
addressed—as to believe that ne danger will follow to
them from this change ; that those publications from which
danger is to be anticipated will not have such a circula-
tion, or such au enlargement, as that their existence can
be pen petuated. (Hear.) Of course they may be attempted ;
but they will share the fate of others that have gone before
+e m (ereeeo et +bey .;es, they Trill J., fell agate.
(Hear.) On the other hand, I believe there will arise
cheap publications for the use of those who are unable to
buy dear ones, which will convey instruction, enlarge their
understandingi, improve their morals, and at the same
time tend to make them good and useful members of
society. (Hear.) I, therefore, entertain no apprehension
on that score. This being my opinion, I aria convinced
that the house will best perform its duty to the pubic by
concurring in the bill proposed by my right hon. friend.
(Hear, hear.) Of this lam sure, that we ought to deter-
mine one wiry or the other, and that the motion—the
insidious motion of the hon. member who proposes delay—
will not mislead any member of this house. (Cheers.) We
clearly understand that that for which we are voting is,
whether th r rneasuro shall be adopted or not. (Cheers.)
No man will be misled into the error of fancying that,
though in favour of the bill, he is only voting for delay,
and not against the bill. If this is clearly understood, and
the votes given " Ay" or "No' upon the measure, then the
tactics resorted to by those who do not openly declare
themselves will not succeed ; and, although they say the
amendment is only for delay, let it be clearly understood
what the truth is. (Cheers.) Let every member know
that in giving his vote on this mo ion he will practically
be giving that vote " Ay" or " No" for the measure.
(No, no ! ) Honourable members may say " No." I
do not expect them to concur in the interpretation
which I give. They are against the measure. They
wish to vote against it, but they feel some difficulty in
doing so after having concurred in the resolution of last
seseion. (Cheers.) They cannot well get out of the posi-
tion in which they are placed and seek to escape by a side
door, and endeavour to accomplish it by a motion for de-
lay ; but we require that the votes shall be given in plain
terms, for or against the measure. If the votes be so given
I am confident in my expectation, that the house will
make good its resolution of last year, and concur in the
second reading of this bill. (Cheers.)
The house then divided, and the numbers wore—
For the second reading ll5
Against it
Majority
—54
The bill was, therefore, read a second time.
SUPPLY—REVENUE DEPARTMENTS.
The house then went into committee of supply, when the
following votes were severally proposed and agreed to
without discussion :-835,182/. for salaries and expenses of
Customs department; 483,238/. for the coast-guard •
1,365,9501. for salaries and expenses of Inland &venue'
department; and 62,720/. for revenue police—lreland.
CRIMINAL JUSTICE BILL.
Sir G. GREY moved the second reading of this bill,
and explained that its object was to extend the power of
summary conviction possessed by magistrates to cases of
petty larceny not exceeding 10s. in value.
Mr. S. FITZGERALD thought that some better scheme
than the present bill might be devised for the more fre-
quent delivery of gaols, without infringing on that great
safeguard of our liberties—the trial by jury.
Mr. ROBERT PALMER said he felt no objection to the
second reading of the' bill.
Mr. HILDYARD thought that the bill would require a
good deal of attention in committee.
Mr. HEYWOOD supported the bill.
The bill was then read a second time.
On the motion of Colonel DUNNE, the Lunatic Asylum
(Ireland) Bill was referred to a select committee.
LIBRARIES, &e. (IRELAND) BILL.
On the motion of Mr. EWART, leave was obtained to
bring in a bill for promoting the establishment of free
public libraries, museums, &c., in Ireland.
MARRIAGES (SCOTLAND) BILL.
On the motion of Mr. HEADLAII, leave was given to
bring in a bill to impose restrictions on irregular marriages
in Scotland.

. 'S .
Mr. FREW STENMARGARET moved for a rCHURCHeturn of all sums of
money which had been voted by the House of Commons
since the year 1800 for repairing or improving the parish
church of St. Margaret's, Westminster.
The return was ordered.
Lord DUNCAN brought in a bill to make further pro-
vision for the registration of births, deaths, and marriages
in Scotland, which was read a first time.
The house adjourned at half-past one o'clock.

We have received a letter front Mr. John S. W.
Herring, solicitor, of Stafford-chambers, New-road,
Marylebone, begging of us to intimate that be is not the
person of that name referred to in the late attempted
murder and suicide at Maryleb•ne,
Miss JEWSBURT'S NEW NOVEL, " CONSTANCE HER-
BERT."—This remarkable book is exciting great interest.
It is the best we have yet had from the clever pen of
Miss Jewsbury. " Constance Herbert," says the
Athenaion, is a poem in its beauty and its lofty purpose
—a romance in its variety and fascination. The tale, as
a tale, is deeply interesting, full of quiet pathos and a
calm and beautiful morality. 'Constance Herbert' will
be read with pleasure and remembered with healthful
interest."

[ADVERTISEUENT].—HoIIoway's Pills produce the
most beneficial effects in all Complaints of the Liver, In-
digestion, &c.—Officers in the army and navy, before
proceeding abroad, should provide themselves with a
supply of Holloway's pills, as change of climate fre•
quently causes an alteration in the system, producing
bile, indigestion, flatulency, liver complaints, and such
like disorders. These pills may be taken without clan-
ger, requiring no restraint from business or pleasure ;
they act mildly on the bowels, causing neither pain nor
griping, and thus remove the complaints at the same
time they strengthen the stomach, give a healthy action
to the liver, brace the nerves, and invigorate the con-
stitution.—Sold by all druggists, wad at Professor Hol-
loway's Establishments, 244, Strand, London • and SO,
Maiden:lane, New York.

A RilY REF() 11) E SPA' ..ISTO

I.TE

The committee re-assembled this morning at the usual
hGur.

Dr. Andrew Smith was recalled. In reply to Lord
Seymour he stated that, when the two departments of
Minister for War and Secretary at War took place he
received no instructions to correspond with the Minister
for War alone. By his letter of the ilth 2day he re-
commended the establishment of hospital ships in the
Black Sea and the Archipelago. Did not then contem-
plate any at Scutari. When the expedition was sent to
the East he recommended the establishment of general
hospitals at Scutari, but these would have followed as a
matter of course.

Lord Seymour—The regulations of these hospitals
were established by Dr. Hall ?
Dr. Smith—They were. There were regulations for
the purveyor, but he did not know whether the purveyor
acted upon them. He recommended Mr. 'Ward as the
first - purveyor ; but when Mr. Ward was found in-
efficient he suggested to the War-office the appointment
of Mr. Wrefor,l, and it was afterwards made.

Lord Saymour—Mr. Wreford was 64 years of age ;
do you mean to say he was the youngest man you bad ?
Dr. Smith—Yes, as a purveyor, he was. (Laughter.)
Examination continued—Lord Raglan and Lord de
Ros both wrote to him, remonstrating against the re-
moval of Mr. Ward. They objected to Mr. Ward being
removed, although a medical board had decided upon
the desirability of his removal.

The Chairman asked for the production of these letters,
but Dr. Smith declined.

The Chairman—They are public letters, to a public
man, on a public question, and I do not understand
their being withheld from the committee.
Mr. Layard observed that it appeared that Lord
Raglan had, in writing the letter referred to, acted in
direct opposition to the decision of the committee by
expressing a wish for Mr. Ward's retention in his office;
and he thought the committee ought to be put in pos-
session of the whole of the circumstances of the matter.

After some further conversation the point was post-
poned for consideration.

Examination resumed—Of his own knowledge he
thought he could state there was an ample supply of
medical comforts at Scutari in the months of November
and December; and lie could also state when they were
despatched, in what vessels, and when they arrived.
The purveyor was the proper person to receive them ;
and he (Dr. Smith) received reports from Mr. \Vreford
on the subject. If the receipt of those goods were ac-
knowledged as they bad been, there could be no blame
to the transport department. He (Dr. Smith) had
°barge of the medical comforts from October.
Lord Seymour—Then if the committee has been in-
formed that there was a short or inetficiant supply of
medical o°l4 .rts at Scutari during the nno;iths of No-
vember and .L),-itnnber, bow do yon acc.mot for it,?
Dr. Swittl—l cannot account f,r it.

Examination resumed—A. pers.ili in his office pur-
chased the medical comforts, and if the supply vas found
to be of bad quality the purchaser would be to a certain
extent in fault—but, of course, he would only form a
judgment by samples shown to hiin. lie could
give the names of the parties by whom theta articles
were supplied. The bedding, and things of that kind,
as he had previously stater', were supplied by the Ord-
nance authorities on his requisition as to what was re-
quired. He sent a requisition, in the first instance, for a
supply for 5,000 men. This was in the spring of last
year. He kept constantly adding to these from time to
time up to November. After the first occasion he sent
a person to the transports to see the goods properly
stowed —because he (Dr. Smith) hal taken this respon-
sibility on himself. He suggested having 2 vessels between
home and Constantinople; which would have answered
very well at the time, but he had afterwards eight ves-
sels set apart for his use. They were, however, not
reserved continuously for his service. Ho made appli-
cation in October or some lime juice, and obtained some
accordingly. He did not know when it was despatched,
but he was in receipt of a letter from Varna, stating
that it had arrived. Ile did not remember the date of
that communication. He formed the opinion he had
previously expressed before the committee relative to
the efficient condition of the hospitals upon communi-
cations he had received from the chief apothecary, and
the dispenser at Scutari, both of whom informed him
that there was sufficient linen for the requirements of
the hospitals, as well as medical comforts.

Chairman—Then if we have been informed that the
soldiers bad no sheets upon their beds it must have been
the fault of some person in the hospital ?
Dr. Smith replied that it was impossible for him to
state. It was the purveyor's duty, without doubt, t)
supply these articles in the hospital. It was also his
business to see to the cleanliness of the hospital, awl to
complete what was necessary in case of a deficiency or
absence of constant supplies. Had that offleor abided
by his instructions there would have been no difficulty
in keeping the hospitals in perfect order in every
respect.

Lord Seymour—Having appointed that all clothing
should be sent, as you before stated, to Scutari, to whom
were they consigned ?

Dr. Smith—They were consigned to the Chief Com-
missary; and he received a communication that the
vessels by which they were despatched had arrivei.
The Duke of Newcastle and Mr. Sidney Herbert con-
sulted him as to the propriety of sending out nurses to
the hospitals, and a good deal of conversation took place
on the subject, and nurses were in consequence sent
out.

Lord Seymour—You meant the other day—at leait I
understood you so—that you considered the hospitals
were in such a state of cleanliness that it required the
critical eye of a women to detect any dirt in theta ?
Dr. Smith—l said so, but figuratively, of course.
(Laughter.)

Examination resumed —The reports which he received
from the medical men did not state whether the purveyor
was doing his duty or otherwise. That officer had the
general superintendence of the management of the hos-
pital; but, as far as he recollected, the letters he referred
to said nothing at all about the purveyor, nor about the
want of washing in the hoTitals. The reports said
nothing either respecting the inefficient state of the cook-
ing department or the fobd supplied to the patients. He
was consequently led to suppose that the whole conduct
of the hospital was satisfactory.

Lord Seymour.—Do you think the hospital at Varna
was in a better or worse condition than thole at Scu-
tari ?

Dr. Smith said he had received no report on the sub-
ject, and, accordingly, he had no moans of forming an
opinion with regard to it. He had no reason to sup-
pose there was a defective medical staff at Scutari, as
the medical officers never made a complaint to him that
they were short-handed.

Lord Seymour.--You have told us Miss Nightingale
was to go out as superintendent of the nurses ; can you
also inform us with what authority she was invested ?
Dr. Smith.—With no particular authority ; nor was
her position defined beyond that implied by the fact
that she was superintendent of the nurses. The duties
of the nurses WCTO defined by letters of instruction, and
Miss Nightingale was to see that they did their duty—
at least he believed such was the case. A few medical
men offered their services in connection with the Scutari
hospital, but he did not accept their offers. He did not
think (subject to correction) that any of them offered
their assistance gratuitously. He had endeavoured
constantly to induce young assistants to go out, and had
offered them 401. for their outfit, 105. a-day, and 3s. more
for a servant. He obtained 150 or 200, and their con-
duct had been good.

Mr. Drummond—Did not Dr. Hugh M`Pherson, of
the East India Company, offer his services gratuitously?
Dr. Smith said he did not recollect such a circum•
stance.

Sir J. Pakington—l have received a letter this morn-
ing from the Crimea, stating that on the Bth of this
month there was no quinine at Balaklava, though it was
wanted by a regimental surgeon for use in cases of low
laver which had broken out. Have you received any
official information of the fact ?

Dr. Smith replied that he had not, nor had he any
reason to doubt the correctness of the fact stated by Sir
J. Pakington. Ile could not, however, account for the
want of that medicine, as enormous quantities had been
sent out at different times, and, moreover, there was
a,l.vays a substitute for it amongst the medical *Ores.
Mr. Roebuck --- Has any report been received from the
commissioners who were sent out to Scutari to inquire
into the state of the hospital ?
Dr. Smith—None.

Mr. Layard here read some extracts from a letter re-
ceived from eminent medical men in London, from a
regimental surgeon in the Crimea, and which was dated
the Ist of Ja:tuary, in which it was stated that there was
a want cf medicines and medical comforts, and that men
were dying in numbers of dysentery without the sur-
geons being able to relieve them. The hon. gentleman
inquired if that state of things agreed with the official
reports Dr. Smith had received.
Dr. Smith replied that it did not, and he believed such
a condition of things did not exist. In justice to his
own reputation and the British public, he was bound to
say some portions of Mr. Osborne's evidence were not
correct.

Before retiring, Dr. Smith, in reply to a question
from the Chairman, stated that the quantity of medicine
he had stated had been sent out was quite correct, and
if the chairman had heard differently he had been mis•
informed.
Tho gm and Rev. Mr. Osborne was then recalled,

what bad jo.1; fallen from Dr. Smith, defended
th „,!sof, hien be had wide the ,tatements
called in question. If he had given paM to Dr. Smith
by any remarks in reference to him it was quite unin-
tentional on his part.
Dr. Menzies was then called, and was examined by
Lord Seymour—He stated that he served as the Deputy
Inspector-General of the Hospitals at Scutari, having
been appointed from the staff, in which he was a first-
class medical officer and had been since 1827,,tn his late
office in October last. When he went to Scutari he
had had no experience in the superintendence of hos-
pitals of an extended description. He hal never bad
more than 120 to 150 patients under his care. He went
out to the Crimet in April last. He stayed at Constan-
tinople, but did not proceed to Varna. After his appoint-
ment as deputy-inspector, he bad to -do dlity under
several medical officers. He had the general and the
barrack hospitals under his care from Octlber. Whilst
there, he was re vested to report upon the amount of
accommodation the hospitals could afford in case of
emergency, and ho accordingly did so. He cnnsidered
the barrack hospital was merely a supplementary one to
the general, which was better adapted in all respects to
the purpose. He made one report to the commandant,
another to Dr. Hale, and another to Dr. Andrew
Smith.. Major Sillery was the commandant at
that -time, and was the military superintendent
of the hospitals. He did not in those reports
mention that any alterations were necessary in the
hospitals, as he knew that his superiors had inspected
their condition ; but he hinted that something was re•
quired in the way of cleanliness. He did this to the
commandant, and in consequence the hospital was white-
washed. He did not find on the part of the commandant
at that time any difficulty in obtaining what he wanted
done. Before the battle of the Alma there was accom-
modation for 200 patients in the general hospital. At
•the latter end of September he bad a hulk added to his
accommodation, which would hold 500 sick and wounded.
At that time he had 21 medical officers under him', and
the generil average was• one surgeon to attend to
from 50 to 80 patients. After the battle of
the Alma he received assistance daily from
medical officers who came out, and then, as well as after
the battle of Inkerman, he was pretty well of in this
respect. He had no returns to show how many he hal.
He was given to understand that the necessary furni-
ture and supplies would be furnished by the purveyor.
Mr. Ward was the purveyor, and told him (Dr. Menzies)
that be was not to make himself uneasy in that respect.
Dr. Menzies then read a report which he had pre-
sented to the Government since his arrival home, rela-
tive to the difficulties he had met with in his duties, and
particularly complaining of' the inefficiency of Mr.
Ward and the purveying department.
Lord Seymour (interrupting).—Had you reported
home on the subject of Mr. Wa,rd's inefficienly ?
Dr: IVlenzies- -I had, as you will perceive by this re-
port.

Examination continued—Mr. War 3 was not super-
seded until October, when Mr. Wreford arrived and as-
sumed the responsibility of the office.

Dr. Menzies then went on with► his report, at the
conclusion of which

Lord SeymoUr said—All the different poir.tl in that
report will be foutd in your reports front time io time
to Dr. Smith,- I presume?

Dr. Menzies—'Yes

Examination continued—Dr, Hall was at that time
in the Crimea ; but he could not supply their wants
at Scutari. After the battle of the Alma, althonoi
he bad more medial aid, there was a deficiency
of stores and bedding, and other absolute necessaries.
His duty was exceedingly overwhelming as connected:
with the hospital. He had to ha up day and night, and
his correspondence with different departments was so
voluminous that he could scarcely find tune for all he
had to do. Reports were made to him by the officer.
under him as to the want of bedding and clothing for
the wards ; and he at once applied to the purveyor to
supply them, and ordered him, if ho had not got them
by him, to purchase them. The reports of, medical officers
as to the state of the hospital for cleanliness were unsatis-
factory. His duty was the general inspection of the
hospital. He ,remonstrated over and over again with
the purveyor relative to the want of the necessaries he
had mentioned, but without effect. He also represented
the filthy state of the hospital to the commandant. After
the battle of Inkerman the hospitals were in a filthy state,
he was bound to admit that they were not so bad as
might have been expected from the demands made upon
them. Much might have been done to have prevented,
or at all events to have remedied, this state of things,
if the purveyor had been active in the discharge of his
duty, part of which was to see'to the cleanliness of the
hospitals.
The Chairman—Were not the hospitals, according to
the accounts we have received
.from time to time, in a
state which was disgraceful to the country ?
Dr. Menzies—l think the reports as to the filthy-con-
dition of the hospitals were greatly exaggerated.

The Chairman—Were not faeces of-the unfortunate
men lying upon the floor at that time ?

Dr: Menzies—l never saw that.

The Chairman—So that, if any one has stated that this
was the case, they have seen what you, as inspector-
general, did not see?
Dr. Menzies—l did not see anything of the kind.
The Chairman--When you went through the wards
was your nose not offended by the smell which was ex-
haled owing to the filthy state of the men ?
Dr. Menzies—l must sly I could not help observing
that the men were in a filthy condition.

Examination continued—lfhe medical men under him
did not as a general thing report that linen and shirts
were wanted in Vie hospitals. I•t was true he had been
informed on more than one occasion that the men
wanted shirts, and he at once represented this to the
purveyor, who supplied them as quickly as he could ob-
tain them. The purveyor had some difficulty in getting
them, and on one occasion went to Constantinople to
get some, and. had even there some harthlip in
obtaining them. He visited the general hospital
daily ; but he did not go to the barrack hos-
pital more than once in two or three days. Going
round thus he could see what the patients wanted,
and he must say they were in want of some things, but
not of those immediate comforts which they required.
He understood that what was required was in store, and
that was the reason he wrote to Lord Stratford de Red-
cliffe to that effect.

The Chirman—Could any of the men have have died
for the want of the common necessaries of life without
you knowing it ?
Dr. Menzies--It is just possible such might be the
case. (Sensation.)
Mr. Layard—Did you ever heat of a dead man being
removed from the hospital and buried, and his name beim.,
left over the bed after another patient had been laid
there, the latter was treated as the man who had died ?
Dr. Menzies—l never heard of such .a thing. If it did
occur it must have been some fault of the purveyor.
Mr. Layard—But the purveyor doesn't look after the
sick, does he ?
Dr. Menzies—No.

Examination continued—The commission of inquiry
arrived at the hospitals in November last. He com-
plained to the commission respecting the unsatisfactory
state of the purveying department ; and he ascribed
mainly but not entirely to that the want of the many re-
quisites which were felt. He also mentioned that he was
deficient in his orderlies. He was not aware whether or
not he had reported this to Dr. Smith, er whether he did
report it to Dr. Hall. On second thoughts, he believed
he did report this to Dr. Smith.
Lord Seymour—Dr. Andrew Smith informed the
Times Commissioner before he went out to Constanti-
nople, that nothing was wanted in the hospitals, and he
founded that statement upon reports received from you.
Did you send in such reports
Dr. Menzies—l have no recollection of stating to Dr.
Smith, in any of my reports, that the hospital was in a
satisfactory state, but I understood it to be so from the
reports made to roe.

Mr. Layard—Were you satisfied with this hearsay
evidence?

Dr. Menzies—lt was impossible for me, with my mul-
tifarious duties, to look after the purveyor and other
departments.

Examinition continued—No reports were made to
him as to the washing►. He understood it was done by
contract. (Laughter.) It was the purveyor's duty t
look after this. When he had been informed that the
men wanted shirts, he might have noticed in the course
of his rounds on a subsequent day whether they had
them or not. It was impossible to Answer that ques-
tion exactly—because the overwhelming duties he had
to perform prevented his attending to those minor mat-
ters.

The Chairman—Minor matters ! What do you mean
by minor matters ?

-Dr. Menzies—l mean those matters which come more
immediately under the superintendence of the purveyor.
I was obliged to perform other duties.
After replying to a few questions relative to the land-
ing of the sick and wounded from the transports,
The committee adjourned, it being close upon four
o'clock, on the announcement that the Speaker was at
prayers.

[ADVERTISEMENT.] THE WAR IN TEE EAST. —POWERFCL
PATENT RECONNOITRING GLASSES.— Messrs. S. and B. Solo-
MODS, opticians, 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly. Observe
opposite the York Hotel. By her Majesty's Royal
Letters Patent for valuable and extraordinary improvements
in the most powerful and brilliant Telescopes, Camp, Race-
course, Opera, and Perspective Glasses, to know the distances
of objects viewed through them—of great importance to the
army, navy, and others. Those telescopes possess such extra-
ordinary powers that some 3A inches, with an extra eye-
piece, will show distinctly Jupiter's moons, Saturn's ring,
and • the double stars ; with the same telescope can be
seen a person's counter ance three miles and a half distant,
and an object from 16 ::320' miles. They are of larger and all
sizes, with increasing iiowers accordingly ; while their vary-
ing from to 6 inches enab'e us to discover more • than the
above, and the Georgian, with his 6 satellites, &c.—The Royal
Exhibition, 1851,—Valuable, newly-invented, very small,
powerful waistcoat-pocket glass,the size of a walnut, by which
a person can be seen and known 1 A miles distant; they answer
every purpose on the race-course, and at the opera houses,
country scenery, and ships are clearly seen at 8 to 10 miles.
They are invaluable for shooting, deer-stalking, yachting, to
sportsmen, gentlemen, gamekeepers, and tourists. Opera,
race-course, camp, and perspective glasses, with wonderful
power.—Newly-constructed Spectacle Lenses of the great-
est transparent power. The valuable advantage derived
from this invention is, that vision becoming impaired is
preserved and strengthened and very aged persons are
enabled to employ their sight at the most minute occu-
pation—can see with these lenses of a muck less magnify-
ing power--and they do not require the frequent changes
to the dangerous effects of further powerful assistance. Deaf-
ness—Now Discovery.—The Organic Vibrator, an extraordi-
nary powerful, small, newly-invented instrument for deafness,
entirely different from all others, to surpass anything the of
kind that ban been, or probably ever can be, produced.
Being of the same colour as the skin, is not perceptible ; it
enables deaf persons to hear distinctly at church and at
public assemblies ; the unpleasant sensatizck)fibsienarigineoeg noitsets,
in the ears is entirely'removed ; and it affords all the assist-
au* that possibly could be desired. s
cutry. e —4ppogio. g 1i•_ -