The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1818-12-25 00:00:00

In vermin:: this interesting, document, I hare to 13 ment ,
thst its paws are marked with some cases of severity soil
cruelly, which seem al I tooletrable fruni great revolit-
twos. It Isust, however, he consoling to oloirive, that limy
apprise to have passes' Ihr„agb the state which might pos-
sibly have rendered 'memoir's steerssary, and 1.. have an
pu•rhsps, at that stage, when, the 1111110;:4111,1 lat.C..llllll‘ less
turbots-Ist, soul the people more culiglitene a milder system
nosy be tap:tied to prevail.
Their dissent have isrodored must of their calamities
Ise such seasons they were naturally to he expeeteul. litut
their disputes have been principally healed by the prodemt
soul etsertt-lic °season, of the Couvess, whirls cvisinsessetsl
its sittings in Toenail:us in the year Isls, and adjourn...l in
the ye:is Billowing from thence to Ho.uas Ayres, *hue it re-
m:se:col il, Pnl•••of ~,,, occupies' a Olt the task of forming a per-
marmot l'onsiitutiosi. This respectable body, besides
as a COUVCiIIi ~,,, ur a Constituent Assembly, exercises tem-
porarily legislative powers. Their sittings are public., wilts
a gallery of audience, for riturros and strangers. The dr.
hates a,e frequently inters cos:, sibs' tire conducted with abi-
lity and deco/ton; they are published every month for the
isiformri ion of the people..
The dispute with Ariigas, the Chief of the Orientals, has
not Ise, n adjusied. This, with a cesl3llll jealousy of the su-
periornee a the yof Buenos Ayres on the general
slims, of the Provinces; the conduct of the G ,vernment
of Hurons Ayres towards the Poringese, and the high tariff
of duties, whirls I nod. sal a 11.1 have been since reduced, 'tr-
iteness' to coosiititte the p,iucipal causes of disafTeciion at
the time of my departure.
The I.lerlaration by Congress of that independence which
they had fur many yeass previously mrissiaosesl, us fact, was
s sue ssure of the highest important..., and has been produc-
tive of an unanimity Loot derision before urknown. This
summit of their wishes was only to lie reached by slow sod
gradual progress. The politic niiiid had to he dismissed on
the subject by their pulpits, their presses, soul their polutir
orations. The people. wese to be prepared for the evs it.
Mom the season arrived, they tut the knot which could
not be untied The IN:daemon, of Independence MAP adopt.
est in the Direttorship of Slr. Prieysreeluir, on the 9th slay
of /illy, 11416. It was succeeded by an able expositiou of
the e.ssises that extorted it, to justify, in their fellow-citizens
awl to the world, the measure they had deliberately voted
to sums.. i with their follow.. and their lives,
_

Believing the latter paper might he thought worthy of
p►rusal, a trims! ha. been annexed (Appendix 11.)
The -alii ary influence of this bold ■nd derisive step, was
■t oisre telt shrosighout the comitry. It give new life and
strength to the patriotic came, and stability Si, the Govern-
iit. The ♦ictories of Chas-Amos and \1:u1 n, achieved by
the arms of Chili and Bunllll. Ayres. have produced aisil
colitis mei! a similar declaim ti of independence by the peo-
ple of chili, whirl, is also annexed (Appendix I • ), and re-
intuited the coo dial ,,,,, existing bet wetii the Confederate
States The consequence has been, that, within these ex-
trusive ts enemies, there is scam ly the vemige of a royal
arsny to be Mond, except on the borders of Ps ru.
Having in connexion with the succinct accurint
riven by Dr. Eons, traced the !officinal events, siucr the
Km Mourn in Butanes Ayres, I shall proceed to slate the re-
sult of the inhumation seemed, acnmrdinr to the best opi-
nion I could form of the extent, population, Goverullirnt
and risourres ut the roiled Provinces, with their pruduc-
tinon, imports and exports, trade and ro:nmerre.
The lair Vier-royalty of Risenos Ayres, of which that city
was Ile• metropolis, was by massy conridereil the largest, as
well as the mum valuable of all the Spanish dominions in
South America. tXll.ll.llllg 111 a direct line, hum its north to
sin soush b lacy. a distance of more than two ihousaisd
miles; and from its eastern to its western not less Mau ele-
ven hundred.

It USr compwed„ at the commencement of the Rom
lion, of the mile pros litres, ur intendencies iug :
Buenos Ayres, Paraguay, Cordova, Salta, Potosi, La Plata,
COCII3INIIHII, Li Pas, and Pim°.
AVatere,l by the great riser Is Plata awl its numerona Sri_
hiatus v ,•breams, which afford au easy communication with
emintries of our i 11111 l tome extent, mail famishing an easy LC..
CeSS le the t of Sunlit America, is has always been
regarded by Spain as one of her t per ' acquisitions.
Enjoying every vainly of Cll/1131C Its he found Itetween
V. r. nt and distant Iltitioles, and bless►d with a large portion
of fertile met, it is capable of producing all that IS 11l be
found in the Tetuptrale or Torrid Zones, Immense herds of
cattle istasi horses graze tin Its extcs,ssve plains, mot consti-
tute at this lime their pfiUCIIISISMISTe 01 wealth. The mines
of Potosi are ales i/111111.1ell ailhin its boundaries. There are
too woods for a eery ruoside table di►tance Cr I:orlon Ayres.
No fur. st trees are tu tar seen on Ilse a idely•exteuiled Pam-
pas, exi rid at intervals a solitary imbue. After passing the
s daub blo, in a belly direction, the winos begin, and
prow. 1,11117. 111 11.4, 1 111011. provinces, the bills appear, soul
tains rise iu success 1111 l , iuleispe►uesl with wallies. Ois
the rail aisle of the s leers La Plata and Parana, the country
is amil to ht very foie The Eatre Hies is repres,iiteil MO Cs.
pehle of helot ittaile a garden spot ; and the Salida Oriental
pre relit Mill. audda lea, rich bottoms, doe streams of
sod et a distance from the great river, on the hanks of the
smaller streau.l. some excellent stroillaml. Between Mal-
&finds sad Mende Video, the east ridge of the Cordilleras
Nvminatra ant the river 1.. Plata.

Siwee the Revolntiou, live wore provinces have been
erected, soaking in all ti within the limit. of she ancient Vice-
royalty, via. Turanian, taken from Salta ; Mendoza or
Cum taken how Condos; Cos Writes. Notre Rion, cons-
in 'nog the country between the Ca ninny and the Pa►ana,
and the &lAA (borstal, ur collects shore of the river la
Plats. The tau last were taken front the province of Buenos
Ayres, which was tins orsloseed to the territory un the
south side of that river. The subordinate divisions of the
tossertry, with the principal town., sill be Count in the Ap-
pendix to Shia Wrote, with an amount of she produce or
atarinfortures of the difi rent dislriti..—(.4ppendis D.)
Of Sh► Netnews provinces into which the ancient vice.
novelty is now dishiest, eve were, at my derails:re,
• ocrupird by the rnysl fortes which, in consequence of
she victory of Dlaytu, wore PXII4 coed won to retrial to Lower
Peru), or partialiy ander sheii iothience, sir. Potosi, IA
• Coehabantha, la Pas, and Pilaw ; the line follow-
leg independent de Ado of Spain, acre in the possession of
the Pats luta, viz HIII 111. A yr..% Paraguray, nentlusa, Salta,
Corients 4, Entre l4om, clot Banda Oriental. But Paraguay
sad Vse city uf Santa re act indeiwudent of Piteous Ayres,
Omagh Paraguay is not on unfriendly term, with than. and
it is hoped by some will before Nog join the Ulli4lll. Entre
Rips awl she Banda (►ri. mat. timkT general Anises, in the
character of the thief's"( the °rictus's, are in a state of hos-
tility with Ruvuma A pm
Monte Video, the capital of the Eastern shore, as, area-
pies! by a Poringrotae army, and a ►quarlrutt of •hips of war
fount Itriril blockaded the ports of and Matthias,
and prohibled the eritrauce of neutral veserlv, urlesr they
pail them the saint dillies un their eargurgr tbat thr y were
charct.l tor the importat►uu of the goods when lamb d in the
cuuntly

I Tiw.territugut the United Proviuees is computed to eon.