The Sun.
London, England, 1855-10-22 00:00:00

THE JERSEY HUBBUB.

The Guernsey Star, of the 19th inst., thus comments
on the conduct of the Jersey authorities in expelling the
two or three socialists who have libelled the Emperor of
the French and the Queen of England. In speaking of
these individuals leaving Jersey quietly and taking
refuge in Guernsey, it says :
"Here is certainly a serio-comic termination of an
affair which at fir,t seemed likely to assume the dignity
of an historical event. We scarcely know which most
to admire, the easy style in which the Jersey authorities
condemn and execute, in disregard of the customary
preliminaries of accusation and trial, or the amiable
placidity with which men who call themselves the friends
of liberty, par excellence, submit to an arbitrary and ille-
gal act.
" If the conduct of aliens residing in her Majesty's
dominions is such as to disturb the public peace, or to
endanger relations with foreign powers ; and if this con-
duct cannot be suppressod by the ordinary course of law,
exceptional measures must naturally be resorted to ; but
such measures must be adopted either under legislative
sanction or on the responsibility of the highest ministers
of the Crown. If the expulsion of dangerous foreigners
is deemed expedient, it must be effected by the exercise
of the Imperial power, and not be left to the passion and
indiscretion of subordinates. And, moreever, it such
expulsion be resorted to it must be effectual. It must
entirely remove the offenders from the Queen's domi-
nions, and not merely send them from one part to ano-
ther, as has been done by the authorities of Jersey. The
course adopted in this matter by the authorities of Jersey
is, in fact, irreconcileable alike with legality and common

sense, and it is fortunate that the persons on whom they
exercised their power in so summary a manner have had
the extreme good nature to submit without testing the
validity of the sentence."

The following has been issued :
DECLARATION OF THE EXILES REMAINING

IN JERSEY.

"Three proscribedindi;iduals—Ribeyrolles, the in-
trepid and eloquent writer ; Pianciani, the generous re-
presentative of the Roman people ; Thomas, the coura-
geous prisoner of. Mount St. Michael—have just been
expelled from Jersey.
The act is serious. What is there on the surface ?
The English Government. What is there at the bottom
The French police. The hand of Fouchd can put on the
glove of Castlereagh. This proves it.
"The coup d'etat has just made an entrance into Eng-
land's liberties ; England has reached this point—to
proscribe the proscribed. One step more and England
will be an appendage ,to the French empire, and Jersey
will be a canton of the arrondissement (district) of Con-
tances. _ _ _ _ _ _

" At this moment our friends have left ; the expulsion
is consummated. _

"The future will qualify the fact ; we confine our-
selves to stating it. We record it—nothing more. Set-
ting aside the violation of right, the violence to which
our persons are subjected makes us smile.
" The French revolution is a permanent thing—the
French republic is a right—the future is inevitable ;
what signifies the rest ? And what is, after all, this ex-
pulsion Another ornament to exile ; another hole in
the flag.
" Only let there be no doubt on the subject.
" This is what we say, we proscribed Frenchmen, to
you, English government :
" Monsieur Bonaparte, your powerful and cordial
ally,' has no other legal existence but this—charged with
the crime of high treason.
"M. Bonaparte, for the last four years, has been
liable to a writ of arrest. Signed : Hardouin, President
of the High Court of Justice ; Delapalme, Pataiile,
Moreau (of the Seine), Cauchy, judges. AI counter-
signed : Renonard, Procureur-General.
" M. Bonaparte took the oath as a functionary to the
Republic, and perjured himself.
"M. Bonaparte swore fidelity to the Constitution,
and destroyed the Constitution.
"M. Bonaparte, the depository of all the laws, has
violated all the laws.

" M. Bonaparte imprisoned the inviolable representa-
tives of the people, drove away the judges.
" M. Bonaparte, in order to escape the writ of arrest
issued by the High Court, has done what the malefactor
does ; that he may escape from the gendarmes, he has
committed murder.
"M. Bonaparte has used sabres and grapeshot, and
he has exterminated ; he has massacred by day, shot by

night.
"M. Bonaparte guillotined Cuisinier, Cirasse, Char-
let, guilty of having attempted to serve the judicial writ
of arrest.
"M. Bonaparte bribed the soldiers, bribed the func-
tionaries, bribed the magistrates.
"M. Bonaparte stole the property of Louis Philippe,
to whom he was indebted for his life.
" M. Bonaparte has sequestrated, pillaged, confiscated,
terrorised consciences, ruined families.
" M. Bonaparte has proscribed, banished, driven out,
expelled, transported to Africa, transported to Cayenne,
sent forth to exile forty thousand citizens, amongst
whom are the signers of this declaration.
" High treason, false oath, perjury, subornation of
officials, sequestration of the citizens, spoliation, rob-
bery, murder—these are crimes provided against by
every code of every nation, punished in England on the
scaffold, punished in France, where the republic abo-
lished the penalty of death, with the bagnio. The Court
of Assizes is waiting for M. Bonaparte.
" From this moment history says to him—Accused,
rise.
" The French people has for its executioner, and the
English government for its ally, imperial crime.
'• That is what we say.
"That is what we said yesterday, and the English
press in a body said so with us ; this what we shall say
to-morrow, and a unanimous posterity will say se with

us.
" This is what we shall always say—we who have but
one soul, the truth ; and but one word, justice.
"And now banish us.
"Jersey, Oct. 17, 1855.
"Victor Hugo, J. Cahaigne, Fulbert Martin (advo-
cate), Colonel Sandor Teleki, E. Beauvais, Bonnet-
Duverdier, Kesler, Arsene Hayes, Albert Barbieux,
Routumilhac (advocate), A. C. Wiosener (retired Aus-
trian officer), Gornet (senior), Charles Hugo, J. B.
Amiel (of the Aribge), Francois Victor Hugo, F.
Tat6ry, Theophile Gu6rin, Francois Zychon, B. Cohn,
Edouard C(Ilot, Kozien, V. Vincent, A. Piasecki, Giu-
seppe Rancan, Lefebvre, Barbier (physician), H. Prdve-
rand, condemned to death on the 2d Dec. (Allier)."

PROPOSED SUBMARINE TUNNEL BE-
T WEEN FRANCE. AiVD ENGLAND.

BouLoGNE•sun-MEn, Oct. 20.—For several weeks past
some able hydrogra,phers and engineers have been em-
ployed in surveying the coasts in the neighbourhood of
Boulogne and Calais on the French side and of Dover
and the South Foreland on the English side of the Chan-
nel, and in taking soundings, with a view of reporting as
to the feasibility and advanti:ge of forming a communi-
cation between the two countries by means of a subma-
rine tunnel and railway.
M. L. Favre (Niort, department of Deux-Sevres), the
distinguished French engineer, has t:213 day published
the details of his extraordinary project, which we here
translate :
"Our project consists in a tunnel of abob7t 30 kilo-
metres in length, formed under the sea, and offering as
much security as a railway under the open sky.
" 1. The tunnel will be pierced in a manner so tbat
the bed of the earth whieh will divide it from the sea
will never be less than 25 metres, even at the greatest
depth of the straits.
" 2. The tunnel will be lined with a double arch, the
first to be of granite and of impermeable cement, the
second of thin iron plate, pierced in different places in
order to discover immediately the least filtration.

" WELLS OF THE TUNNEL.

" We now come to the consideration of an important
question in connection with our project. The difficulties
which appear insurmountable in a work of this kind con-
sist not only in the extent of the tunnel, in the tedious-
ness of the operations—which, however, can be under-
taken at both ends at the same time—but also in the
clearance of the dcbris, which would seemingly have
to be carried to the opening at either side.
" In order to surmount these obstacles, we have esta-
blished in our project wells' constructed at different
parts of the channel, which will divide the subterranean
works into sections of tunnels of less than a myriametre
in length. These maritime wells will facilitate the for-
mation of the tunnel at many different places at once.
The works, therefore, can be carried on at the same time
in the gallery at the coast of France, in the gallery at
the coast of England, and in the galleries of the ' wells.'
Besides, they will afford the means of casting the encum-
bering earth into the sea, and of forming little islands
around these wells.
"It is to-day demonstrated that the sea has no per-
ceptible action upon the massive rocks, covered with
huge blocks, underneath the sea at low tide. Above this
point will be built up a construetion to form powerful
blocks, capable of resisting the force of the waves. It
is then possible to construct these wells, which are, we
can confidently say, a new idea in connection with our
project—an idea, kowever which will secure the easy
realisation of the tunnel. 'With these wells we can give
to the works that celerity with which it is so desirable
to carry them on ; we can also ventilate the tunnel, and
create islets along the course. With the aid of system it
would only take 5 years to complete this tunnel.
"As to the cost of construction, I will now give what
I consider a minute calculation : Francs.
30 kilometres of tunnel under the sea
4 kilometres of tunnel under the 5h0re...... 8,000,000
5 maritime wells ................................. 5,000,000
4 kilometres of trenches .............. 2,000,000
2 stations .......................................... 2,000,000
Extraordinary and unforeseen expenses ...... 23,000,000

---- • --
100,000,000

replace, in the north of France, the Belgian and Ger-
man coal. We may then estimate the quantity of coal
conveyed from England at 20,000,000 quintals.
"Now the transport of 10,000,000 alone of quintals
of coal would give a return of about 10,000,000 francs.
The number of ships which annually enter the harbours
of Calais, Boulogne, and Dunkirk exceed 3,000, and
their tonnage 400,000 tons. We are thus able to make
a somewhat correct calculation of the extent of the com-
merce carried on in this way.

" CONSIDERATIONS OF THE COURSE OF THE TUNNEL.

"Many hoes for the tunnel have been considered.
From Cape Gris-Nez to Dover, in a direct line ; from
Cape Gris-Nez to Dover, in touching the bank of Varne ;
from Cape Blanc-Nez to Foreland ; from the village of
Sanzatte to Foreland.
" PROJECT OF THE TUNNEL FROM CAPE (IRIS-NEZ TO
DOVER.

"The distance from land to land is 30 kilometres. We
find that the bottom of the sea descends by an easy de-
clivity, which in the midst of the channel reaches from
39 to 55 metres. As it advances towards the coasts it
is but from 25 to 16 metres in depth. At the distance
of 9 kilometres from Cape Gris-Nez the tunnel bends
slightly towards the north-west, to avoid a shoal of 60
metres. The works of this line can be commenced at
Cape Gris-Nez, at Dover, and in the wells constructed
upon a bottom of 33 metres under the level of the sea."
M. Favre then proceeds to discuss the merits of the
three other routes, but concludes by expressing his pre-
cerence for the direct one from Cape Gris-Nez to Dover.

" GEOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS.

"It is important to consider the nature of the land
through which our tunnel will have to traverse. Tne
basin of the channel is formed of different strata of earth
and of peculiar kinds of stone. We find, first, a bed of
manly earth, but then we arrive at a complete change in
the soil. The soundings, which have been made with
great care, show us that we shall meet a rock, which
will enable us to establish a tunnel of very great solidity.
The earth itself will form a natural vault of freestone,
which will tend to prevent any filtrations ; but, even if
filtrations should occur, they would be stopped by the
two vaults, which would be constructed with all that
ability which the moat scientific engineers could bring
to bear.

" SYSTEM OF TEACTITION.

" It now remains for us to examine what is the beet
system of tractation to be adopted. All the railways
have steam for their motive power ; that system might
perhaps be judiciously employed in this Anglo-French
tunnel, with the aid of such machinery as would prevent
the formation of smoke. _ . _

"The second system suggested, though a novel one,
has for its support the name of a man of distinguished ge-
nius, namely, M. Seguin, the celebrated engineer, who
since 1826 has made so many valuable improvements in
connection with railways and sciencegenerally. He has de-
clared that the most rapid, the least dangerous, the least
expensive motive power for this subterranean railway is
the atmospheric. We think that this system will be
adopted by the council of administration of the new com-
pany. With such a locomotive power the journey be-
tween France and England will be performed in twenty-
five minutes.

" CONCLUSION.

" We are impressed with the conviction that we have
proved, not only that this project is possible, but that it
will be comparatively easy to construct a railway under
the channel. We have now developed our system of
maritime `wells,' which would divide the subterranean
tunnel into different sections. Our plan of a double
vault would give as ample securities as any of the ordi-
nary railways possessed.
_ _

a The tunnel of Pas-de-Calais would set aside the arm
of the sea which separates France from England. It
would bind upon the most solid foundation the continent
with Great Britain, which is at present isolated from th•
rest of Europe. It would unite the two peoples in the
most intimate and familiar relations—peoples who are
to-day placed at the very head of civilisation, and who,
according to the current events, seem by tha community
of their sentiments and their interests to form but one
great nation.
" Our project has been received everywhere with the
most lively sympathies, and an Anglo-French company
will be immediately organised upon the most powerful
basis to execute the railway of Pas-de-Calais.
" L. FAVRB."

VIE CASE OF STRAHAN, PAUL, AND

BATES.

The October sessions of the Central Criminal Court
commenced this morning, and from the important nature
of the cases that are to be disposed of the proceedings
will be of considerable interest to the pubic. The num-
ber of prisoners at present for trial is 93, but the ma-
jority of the cases are of a very serious character. There
are two charges of murder—one against a woman named
Jolly, who is accused of cutting the throat of her mo-
ther, a very aged woman, under very extraordinary cir-
cumstances ; and another, in which a man named Lor-
don, is charged with the murder of his wife. There are
also several serious charges of cutting and wounding,
and misdemeanour, but the principal case of public in-
terest and importance is the charge against the bankers,
Sir John Dean Paul, Strahan, and Bates, of having mis-
appropriated securities to a large amount, and which is
specially fixed to be disposed of this session. It will be
remembered that the trial was postponed from the Sep-
tember session, upon the ground that the counsel for
the prisoners had not had sufficient opportunity to con-
sider in what manner to answer an indictment of so spe-
cial and peculiar a character, and it is said that the course
that will be taken will be one of a very unusual kind.
Some allusion has already been made to the fact that the
prisoners would relyon their having made a full statement
in reference to the matters alleged against them, in the
Court of Bankruptcy, and that they would on this ground
claim their acquittal upon the charge made against them.
With a view to raise this point, it is said that a special
plea will be made on their behalf, in this form—they
will, it is said, plead guilty to the charge of having ap-
plied the securities mentioned in the indictment to their
own purposes, but, at the same time, it will be stated
that in accordance with the provisions of another section
of the statutes under which the indictment is framed,
they had made a full disclosure of all matters connected
with the transaction, in accordance with the requirements
of the statute, and that consequently they are relieved
from all responsibility under the criminal law. Should
this course be taken, the whole case will resolve itself into
one of legal argument, as in the case of a demurrer, and
no evidence will be taken, but the point will be decided by
the judges ; and if it shall be against the prisoners they
will be called up for judgment, as though the jury had re-
turned a verdict of guilty against them. If, on the con-
trary, it should be decided in their favour, they will be at
once released from all further proceedings. The question
is one of immense importance, and it is said that very
great difference of opinion exists among the highest legal
authorities upon the subject, and, under any circum-
stances, there is no doubt that the point will not be de-
cided finally by the judges at the Central Criminal Court,
but that it will be reserved for the consideration of the
Court of Criminal Appeal. The judges who will preside
at the ensuing sessions are Baron Alderson, Justice Wil-
liams, and Baron Martin ; and the aldermen upon the
rota to sit as second commissioners are Messrs. Cope-
land, Humphery, Farncomb, Salomons, Wire, and
Eagleton.