The Sun.
London, England, 1855-06-05 00:00:00

181PERIAL 71'ARLIA7MENT.

-• Cv -

ROUSE OF COMMONS—YESTERDAY.
CONDUCT OF THE WAR—ADJOURNED.
I DEBATE.
t(Coatinued front our third edition of last evening.
ofSmir W. MOLES WORTH, after adverting to the terms
f,'" amendments before the house, said it would appear
data those amendments that the real question for its con-
ei'l:,etttion was whether we ought or ought not to have made
Z- ''-'; ?on the Russian proposals on the third point? The
-"`°11 of the sight hon. gentleman who had just sat down
4 that we ought to have been satisfied with the Russian
iti'l3Posals and that, in fact, they were better than our own.
0 e right' hon. gentleman the member for the University of
eelef,erd said that Russia had conceded all that was asked
i,;,,efore the commencement of hostilities, and that we
tirt to be satisfied, for that a nation once having engaged
1 revUoslilities ought not to enlarge its demands. Were such
!' ti "eiele to be generally adopted it might lead to the
ee," Pernicious consequences, for what greater inducement
',LIM be held out to the wrong doer to persevere in doing
41,g than the assurance that he would not by doing so
elaPtaced in a worse position ? (Hear, hear.) In order to
toe4,tain thepeace of the world w e had lowered our de-
f,-ses to the puttnost ; but having been forced to draw the
ta(t+l,,, we had a right to stand upon our rights, to require
(1,31,-,.""eY should be fully secured, and oven to enlarge our
Ta;"etids in proportion to the success of our arms. (Cheers.)
la - "ght to increase our demands had been distinctly as-
eate 1 ,
ti o;(1 03'' Lord Aberdeen's Government in its communica-
, ie te.with foreien Governments. In his opinion
.we engagefd
ki 'lB War to p*revent the dangerous aggandisement o
dial 'i4 at the expense of the Ottoman empire—an aggran-
e-;,tuetit which menaced the stability of the system of
Pee,-°P,eao States—to enforce the obligation of the Euro-
ei i law of nations, and to inflict punishment upon R,us-
i: -2. her wanton violation of the law by the unjust
'4'1,7°4 of the Danubian Principalities. In order to
allege that invasion—to avenge the closing of the Danube
ag iethie outrage at Sinope—in order also to take security
el;;su.,future danger from Russia, we declared that it
,t4o„'ulsPensable to put an end to the Russ.ianpreponder-
IWOu the Black Sea, which was a standing. menace to
to ~,.."3'• These were the objects to attain which we went
eota:timith Russia, sent an expedition to the Crimea, and
of thee to negotiate upon the four points at Vienna. Two
te tep-esse Points had been granted, but why.had Russia come
tethrs uPon them so readily? Simply, if possible, to de-
see alstria from the Western alliance, and to secure the
whit,.-aa.“.te- of Germany. With regard to the third point,
• oet"g,eontained the security for all the others, and with-
liet:a,icle their concession would be perfectly useless, Rus-
t the, et-e:fl,every art of diplomacy to avoid the honest fulfil-
ill the test engagement to put an end to her preponderarce
IN "..iaek Sea. She rejected our most moderate terms,
opier°Posed others, the adoption of which would, in his
1.1t0,,'", be worse than the abandonment of the third point
hiether- lie was quite at issue with his right hon.
*4411 the member for- Manchester, who said that there
reahore sebstantial difference between the propositions
kfereee.7 the Western Powers and those of Russia. The dif-
itivee- was a very substantial one. It was all the difference
uete.p4l a war establishment and a peace establishment,
{t'srt;een a state of war and a state of peace. According to
the-alb,' Ruesia would be
aud by treaty not te maintain
' ship - ''aek Sea more than certain moderate number of
tsies'' 1'44 ereeedi the number which we ordinarily main-
her al:
shoo Mediterranean ; and if she exceeded that num-
/4 le ld be entitled to call upon our Allies to assist
kopo,''),maelling her to observe the treaty. The Russian
l'ea'er.;,;seeou the other hand, would compel us to. in the
Itlllek Se race of war expenditure with Russia in
he ,"e,a and the Mediterranean. Her first proposal was
he°'-et'log of the Bosphorus and the Dardanellee. This
I??liieell:liv,ersally condemned by the alliedT powers—t boyf
°lke
ae -tegland, Turkey, and Austria. t The
II leaa(iz arrangement would have been . o extend the
” °rano° of Russia to the Mediterranean and
s) ebeaPolitan waters, and would have been at once
athlee4”,eninent of the object of the war and a sur-
"'tele °L important Turkish rights which we were
isfki.t,o do our utmost to maintain. The,second proposal
o"ga, t fe't was that the straits should remain closed, but
6 h cI."Y" should h ve the right of canine up the fleets
l',lteeetes,4,llies at anya time when she th'eught herself
,srlts c" with aggression. According to these terms,
;14 ~Y would be entitled to summon the fleets of England
Zs, .iiPl?,3 Whenever she thought herself menaced by Rue-
Zeia;,„'",itu., e fleet of Russia whenever she thought herself
di'stile.'" °Y England or France. England and France
t,old therefore be morally bound to maintain in the Me-
s Rratau fleets capable of coping with that of Russia in
e•ae` Sea ; 'whi the latter power would have a right
!'pettetsteablisb, and a plausible reason for extendingtotanay
i teiaht4? Pleased, her fleet in the Euxine, in order h t
akiise " able to cope with the fleets of Englandand
Ziee.e-clair, it should be summoned to protect Turkey.
Imp
c neh terms would, in fact, be founded upon pro-
ZP's 'or the immediate renewal of the war. Itwould
veeieteßilttP°ll us the chief burden of war by requiringw the.
ei'teeee",c,e of a police in the Black Sea, and would leave in
Ote4 ,'ne Russian fleet and Se.bastopol, which we had
dti'lliea 4 declared to be a " standing menace to Turkey."
ogs, bpee4ce would be worse than the present state of
17atice cause we had for the present put.
it would
the prepon-
keep 54. Russia in the Black Sea, and i wouldbebatter
e'is• friendtdown, than to allow it to again.rise His right
k /40- the member for thq University of Oxford (Mr.
kikh teens) ), had defended
141 Cu") the expeditionatto the
oCurimea,
ght to
h -4(1 -ad arrived at the conclusion th
Qti, tevZtthe chief object for which it was undertaken. He
Weae f,,,,wa had got, or might get, three points, and half
Le Wet"rth, and asked what we were quarrelling about ?
tl, 110 see,, Quarrelling about that without which there would
.46 ez,,'?rity for any of the points, about that for which
17/N1'04440n to the Crimea was undertaken, viz., the de-
leellisetile_of the preponderance of Russia in the Black Sea.
ai see agerer for a moment regretted the expedition, but
eheajever concealed from himself that it irretrievably
L, Pes%-ibtt,s in a contest
.with Russia, from which there was
QM. ha Le honourable issue for the' allied powers, except
`e-o-', jlown the preponderance of Russia in the Black
teesse4 got. out such a success, the expedition to Sebastopol
del-,Ztka"tiglorions failure. Without such a success, the
+Pt rl weee,who had fallen in the contest would have been
the
' i'‘ted should have no securit for the
I,,°,,ll:°eee'sil'e;N„,ntswoar the first half of the third; and all
,Irst 'rf 'l' ' • °' Russia would be valueless. The concest-
Otio 01- theBas.le otlght therefore to induce us to persevere a.
k 1 i-r,(tee' .deeded which the Government of Lord Aber-
's 's ~-," lvit to be just and reasonable to. make. h.
''lll3e''an Russia to make these concessions
.??
Was
ss itt
V 4131?? aces
She was incapable of the feeling .the
wa,rd.
kid,- 't thee° Was ignorant of the meaning
ki€l3e4" Public opinion of Europe? That opinion was
„ tleseeseainst her long ago, and lie remained unmoved,
e'ae pa, it, What, then, had
.ind. uced her to yield
s?
tilt.' heike Is founded upon the conviction that her resources
tIC"„ or flg exhausted and her armies were perishing, while
lue-ee.ge allies were rapidly increasing. Fear founded
e ehl cooviction that if we persevered we must be suc-
e • b
of Itilti For this reasen she had had recourse to dip oma-
ket, ' eZtzd intrigues, and had endeavoured by. a show
to -114-""CM, combined with deceit, to sow dissension
he'tree,enes, to cajole the weak, to fn.ghten the timid,
,1 a, se`euen the peace party, to create a. tau i
as
t4,,lie tb"ue house an(' in the country, and to trick us .
tip of• the dtPlomatists of Europe. in 1829., Let the his-
qel e Cos n C,a,raleaign be a warning to us, and let us not by
et'rthiac'es enable future historians to tell a similar
Ili,litoett" war, and to record that the Parliament and the
4 4'i ,4,1,:1 England ended a war of success by an ignomi-
IV4e ly...."angerous peace. Peace on the terms advocated
tit '"'inher for Manchester (Mr. Gibson) wouldtbhe dan-
,,,h.'gaa'.,eatiaeit would be a confession of defeat
.on epart
t,:erael'n' 4"d France, and would elevate Russia to a pre-
ta,i4es a.-e alike menacing to Europe and to Asia. Such
a '',.liee'culd embolden Russia to fresh aggressions and
kjc,i.ts: tildespisethethreats and menaces. of the Western
'Se 4tta,i, woUld make Austria less ill-disposed, Prussia
are
seheuecl, and all the petty potentates of Germanty
oyeoth el. than they are now. It would lessen the.repu e
Sl'l'avelllaud and France. It would cover with disgrace
gl4 sale Yrules and navies 'and would produce feelings of
,„41,_sti-o.atitiOu... between the eomm.anders the officers, and
NT,' de_ " would weaken the alliance between France and
\a '°o, 5-would be a great discouragement to western civi-
ste L'l Ivo laci a great triumph to the barbarian of the north
5,4,e4.-tlid render it necessary for France and England,
le hit he: seek new battle-fields on which to avenge their
tett' • pi 9ur and renown. Such a recreant peace would,
tp,eediazuoo, be dangerous to England. It would shake
sti at° tloPire—an empire founded upon the opinion of
th:htei stible
might entertained by a feeble and excitable
ke,ektse we. Ple, easily moved from the extreme of fear to
44, ,ho-ie .f audacity—an empire encircled by bitter ene-
V to atlyere watching with intense anxiety this contest,
lyn Ito aelc ug if it sh ld prove adverse. It would make
~Qa ee _e , . ou
1,4 talic oi British descent throughout the world—it
fiktte'r:kili4;4ll the colo.nies.of.Great Britain—ashamed of
tgleVule c`uu and pusillanimity of the mother c. nuntr
eko „led te°ert those feelings of affection which were
Nooi;::1?tat-ewn,ards us at the commencenaei t of the struggle
,",. (I, , i'S of contempt, Oengerous to our colonial do-
IN'ed -„'"ar, hear.) The strength of the British empire
'` a'• ell "P°4 the absolute belief in our undaunted
lie ‘eoe,,,erneteeadseless energy,
.ou. r invincible courage but
0111,041 a to an ignotrimious and inglorious peace,
At e hae a've but our re utation-for these qualities we
to tY, ve b P
ti t,t lm
all
come the degenerate sons of those y. eomanry,
t'Site'Pe al "mcracy who half a century ago bid defiance
,14 eV' of peaatm,. If we showed that, by the long con-
lii Ilite ee, we had become craven and faint-hearted,
°lllok t'''l:l (6111°Mpire would speedily crumble into pieces, our
tistioo a R,0"14414 would be torn from us, and we should
Ltlit ,s 5 of Europe Mte state, and lose our position among t e
'14,,",t1 Such apeace as that advocated by the
s4'.tral):l', toer for Manchesterp would, in fact give a
I? kittora el. seea—would be to make the British' soldiers
N-lale uandon their colours, though they had suffered
l' le rev
rise
*e °ahad
We had endured no defeats. In the
61,1'441;1e sea ad wePt the mercantile marine of Russia
Q'l ee boa
_a and compelled her fleet to skulk ing o-
o%lil tepeeu fortifications. Ifi the Black Sea we
lt:Zta keiecliaher to commit naval suicide, and to destroy
Q`etlis ctioe. er, she could never re-establish without
v,rt,-040t, " °could, without detriment to the resources.
~klta weiehY, repeat the naval military, and financial
kerg htoloeet, .4-0 made last year 'and are making this, for
I,:lipleta,i4lhdYeeoaersratgaeocome
• and he believed that, if we
if we were not faint-hearted
~Ila 4' to :ttg
,ere that period expired we should bring
eowerteoe,.47l,ttisfactory termination, and conclude a peace
k, q pra"le, satisfactory, and worthy 1 the allied
111% • .104,,i t'.e_ce and England. (Cheers.)
ketitee!'l by 't‘4IIGREGOR said that the war had been corn-
:le d:', 844 theoverriment in ignorance of the power of
Ae„"tiied tea ifficulties and necessities of the campaign.
akt
tshaa,
4'44 its object was merely to defend Turkey.
Nee e elie:110h greater question involved in it, and that
ttie'sd b -'ing of th • • -,1 Y R e aggressive policy which had been
te ' P assia
he
rte Nth „ for several centuries. From the treaty
ttlet Paetl4'efient
the first that was made with Russia, down
ta,,se4 e• It e, "me, he found nothing but perfidy on
cera'eee , "as matter of notoriety that she had
a,stie;as to'egardless of her treaties. He believed there
thrat(tne tagreat 0 delusion in the world. as the notion of
all
4,4 Wild eAtussian dominion in the Black Sea. It was
tal':se ~,,it_s tilietniitemera, and we had better kee our ships on
th' t'D '.44 tO • 7 were wanted. The only preal and wise
'eh che , . tusiet upon
stlq, th 'QIN fmaking the Black Sea perfectly
Itzse,:ae:,ec! every nation in the world. He did not
414 fen the' Ought to be greatly elated by its recent
%Nee 40ree,;,."4 of Aeoff for, but for the lamentable
lqe°t te-g...'hoiaa- those
sagacity' which the Government had
tied 'llth,
a',oose successes might have been achieved
et liZulteedel• We had entered into this war now,
Nlt„, !3Sean hone that it was absolutely necessary to any-
Qi 1144,,4urab1e or lasting peace that. shouldwe.
tlj` i-' erire Pol. He went farther. Considering the
the• titiee-72! Russia, Engtaaid and France. shou.ld in-
siii. 40;t9 of ti- s' ti Russia,
upon a full indemnification for
otlea,seetaengte eXpenses of this war. He trusted t aiti
a 4471410 t trottlii endeavour to preserve the Franc
ketiPreealli knee it was the most gratifying feature
4110 e Iva termsd that they would not conclude
anY except those 'which Welaid main-
I