The Sun.
London, England, 1855-08-04 00:00:00

LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 4, 1855.

SUPER PHOSPHATE -COMPOST
COMPANY.
THE DIRECTORS HEREBY GIVE NOTICE, That a Dividend
on the paid-up capital of the Company, at the rate of 10 per cent.
per annum, for the half-year ending the 30th June last, will be pay-
able at the Coßmany's offices, 427, Strand, on and atter Monday, the
13th day of August instant.
By order of the Board of Directors,
W. W. WATSON, Secretary.
Dated Ist August, 1835:

RUSSIAN INFERNAL MACHINE,
picked up off Cronsta't, by H.M.S. IVellingt,n, is on view
and ifs use explained daily, at the ROYAL PINOPTICON, Leicester-
square. Doors open, morning, 12 to 5 ; evening, 7 to 10. Admission,
Is.

Rs'- OVAL POLYTECHNIC, 309, Regent-street,
Patron, 11. R. 11. Prince Albert. —The leading Institution for
all scientific novelties. The Effect of Ilmsian Infernal Machines,
demonstrated daily at 345 and 8.45. The Relics of the Franklin
Expedition, and the Arctic Collection or John Barrow, Esq., on
view. Lecture by J. 11. Pepper, Esq ,on the Transmission of Vocal
and Instrumental Music through Solid Conductors : illustrated by
the Orpheus Glee Union, Monlay,'at 3, and 'Wednesday and Friday.
t 3 and 8. Dissolving Views of the late Battles, Diorama of Sam
Slick. &c. This Evening, the .th inst , Lectures on Coal and Coal
Gas, by Lewis Thompson, Esq.

SIEGE OF SEBASTOPO4.-ROYAL SUR-
REY ZOOLOGICAL GUIDENS.—Great attractions every
Evening Ois week, SATURDAY included. Danson's colossal
modelled picture of Sebast,pol. Morainic views of Cronstad,, Revel,
Ilo,lngfl,rs, Odessa, Eupitoria. Balaklava, and Cathcart:A-hill,
painted by P. Phillips. Troupe of Spanish Minstrels .in national
costume. Various novel amusements, concluding with the magnifi-
cent spectacle of the Siege of Sebastopol. Feeding the Asimals
at
half-past five. Bernice of the Russian sortie at a quarter past six.
Vocal bed Instrumental Concert at half-past six. Bombardment
and brilliant pyrotechnic display at a quarter to ten. Admission, Is.

CREMORNE: Admission, One Shilling.—
The full summer beauties of these deligholid Gardens can
now be enjoyed. with all the advantages resulting from the labours
of the sculptor. the modeller, and the painter, which, combined with
the efforts of leading musicians, talented comic and sentimental
vocalists, extraordinary acrobats, dashing equestrians, e'egant (lan-
cers, and effective choreographers, render every hour frOm 3-till 12
a marked period for amusements as varied as they are interesting.
The very effective Ballet, Red, White, and Blue, at half-past seven.
The Cirque at half-past nine. Grand Ascent at eleven. Admi=sion,
Sunday, refreshment card, 6d. Table de Hole Lzt 6,2 s. 6d. Haunch
of Venison also at S. Tickets from all the Piers, one shilling, includ-
ing admission to the Gardens. Preparations for Mr. T. B. Simpson's
Benefit, on the 9th of August, are being made upon a scale of unusual
splendour.

Provisional Depot Battalion—Quartermaster William
Watson, from the 80th Foot, to be Quartermaster.

BREVET.

The undermentioned officers to have local rank of Cap-
tain while employed with the Turkish Contingent, and not
that of Major Is previously stated :
Lieutenant George John Power, late Royal Artillery.
Lieutenant James Casmajor Farquharson, 2d Bombay
Cava] ry.
Ensign Eduard Willoughby, of the 10th Regiment
Bombay Native Infantry, to have the local rank of Lieu-
tenant, while employed with the Turkish Contingent.
Charles M. Jones, .Gent., to have the local rank of
A cting Assistant-Surgeon, while employed with the Medical
Staff of the Turkish Contingent, vice Sibbald.
ROYAL HOSPITAL, CIIELSEA.—Brevet Colonel and Ad-
jutant Sir John Morillyon Wilson to be Major, vice Le
Blanc, deceased.

MEMORANDA.—The promotion of Dr. George Anderson
to be Staff-Surgeon of the First Class to be antedated to
the Bth December, 1855 The first Christian name of
Acting-Assistant-Surgeon Fraser, appointed to local rank
in Turkey on the 21st April, 1855, is Cohn and not John,
as previously stated.
COMIIISSION SIGNED BY THE QUEEN.

West Kent Light Infantry Regiment of Militia.—Henry
Pratt, Gent., late Seijeant-Major of the 17th Regiment of
Foot, to be Quartermaster.

COMMISSIONS SIGNED BY LORD LIEUTENANTS.

2d Cornwall Rifles.—Edward John St. Aubyn, Gent.,
,o be Ensign.

Stirling Whim, &c., or 00th Regiment of Militia.—Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Sir Alexander Carles Gibson Maitland,
Bart., to he Lieut.-Col.-Commandant ; John Finlay, Esq.,
to be additional Major.
Forfar and Kincardine Regiment of Militia Artillery—
Alexander Dickson, M.D., to be uraeon, vise Hoyle, re-
tired ; Neil William Snodgrais KTnnatly to be First Lieu-
tenent.

4th or Duke of Lancaster's Own (Light Infantry) Royal
Lancashire Militia—John Wall Tibeaudo, Gent., to be En-
sign.
7:1 Regiment of Royal Lancashire Militia—Thomas
Heywood, Gent., late Lieutenant 4th or Duke of Lancas-
ter's Own (Light Infantry) Royal Lancashire Militia to be
Lieutenant; William Dunbar Quinlan, Gent., to be En

sign
[l'he following is substituted for the advertisement
which appeared in the Gazette of the 31st July, 1855] :
Duke of Lancaster's Own Regiment of Yeomanry Ca-
valry—The Right Honourable Francis Egerton, Earl of
Ellesmere, li.G., to be Lieutenant-Colonel-Commandant;
Sir Robert Tolver Gerard, Bart., to be Lieutenant• Colonel,
vice the Earl of Ellesmere, promoted ; John Langshaw,
Esq., to be Major, vice Gerard, promoted ; Le Gendre
Nicholas Starkie, Esq., to bo Lieutenant, vice Fletcher,
promoted; Thomas Ridgway Bridson the younger, Gent.,
to be Cornet, vice Starkie, promoted; George Loch, Esq.,
to be Captain.
Worcestershire Reginlent of Militia—William Coventry,
Gent., to be Captain, vice Bernard, resigned.
Queen's Own Light Infantry Regiment of Tower Ham-
lets Militia —Lieutenant Frederick Brash to be Captain,
vice Money, who retires; Lieutenant William Dixon to
be Captain, vice Bruce, who retires ; Lieutenant Ardwick
Burgess to be Captain, vice Jauncey, who retires ; Ensign
Herbert Augustus Voules to be Lieutenant, vice Brash ;
Ensign William George Neilson, to be Lieutenant, vice
Dixon.

Royal Cardigan Militia—John Allen Lloyd Philipps,
late Captain 82d Regiment, to be Captain, vice Davies,
resigned.

- -
2d Regiment of King's Own Staffordshire Militia—
George ';.Valten, Gent., to b 3 Ensign; Frederick Alfred
Augustus White, Gent., to be Ensign; David Watts,
Gent., to be Ensign.
Rifle Regiment of King's Own Staffordshire Militia—
Francis Edward Edwards Wilson, Gent., to-be Ensign.
Royal Aberdeenshire Regiment of Militia=Ensign
Robert Frazer Humphrey to be Lieutenant, vice Hutchin-
son, resigned.
Kirkcudbright Quota of the Galloway Rifle Regiment
of Militia—Ensim George Augustus Westphal Barry to
be Lieutenant, vice Arthur Nugent Dunbar, resigned.
let Royal Lanarkshire Militia—Lieutenant James Coutts
Crawford to be Captain, vice Findlay, resigned ; Andrew
Pagan, Gent., to bo Ensign, vice Vaughan, resigned.

BANKRUPTCY ANNULLED.
Henry Spencer, linen draper, Rose, Herefordshire.
BANKRUPTS.
Samuel Gawan, victualler, Kent-street, Southwark. to
surrender, Aug. 11, at half-past twelve, and Sept. 12, at,
one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Graham, official as-
signee; Crafter, Blackfriars-road.
Joseph Hayward, woollen warehouseman, Church-court,
Old Jewry, Aug. 15 and Sept. 19, at twelve, at the Court
of Bankruptcy. Stansfeld, official assignee ; Linklater
and Hackwood, Sise-lane.
James Mitchell, manufacturer, Lane Ends, Keighley,
Aug. 17 and Sept. 28, at eleven, at the Leeds District
Court. Young, official assignee, Leeds ; Bond and Bar-
wick, Leeds.
James Wilson, innkeeper, Bowling, Yorkshire, Aug. 14
and Sept. 4, at eleven, at the Leeds District Court. Hope,
official assignee, Leeds ; Butler, Bradford ; Eond and Bar-
wick, Leeds.
Joseph Proffitt, grocer, Oldbury, Worcestershire, Aug.
17 and Sept. 7, at eleven, at the Birmingham District
Court. Whitmore, official assignee, Birmingham; Reece
Birmingham.
John Scott, grocer, Nottingham, Aug. 14 and Sept. 4,
at ten, at the Birmingham District Court.. Harris, official
assignee, Nottingham ; Wells, Nottingham.
Herbert George James and John James, engineers,
Leadenhall-street, Aug. 8, at one, and Sept. 28, at eleven,
at the Court of Bankruptcy. Nicholson, official assignee,
Be einghall-street ; Hewitt, Nicholas-lane.
William Scudds, livery stable keeper, Blackheath, Aug.
11, at half-past twelve, and Sept 14, at eleven, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Cannan, official assignee, Alder-
manbury ; Atkinson, Quality-court, Chancery-lane.
George Pell, scrivener, Welford, Northampton, Aug.
15, and Sept. 14, at ono, at the Court of Bankruptcy.
Whitmore, official assignee, Basinghall-street ; J. and J.
H. Linklater and Hackwood, Sise-lane.
William Thorne, railway contractor, Queenotreet-place,
City, Aug. 15, at one, and Sept. 14, at eleven, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Cannan, official assignee, Alder-
manbui y; J. and J. H. Linklater and Hackwood, Sise-
lane.
William Gregory, toy manufacturer, Sheffield, August
11, and Sept. 22, at twelve, at the Leeds District Court.
Brewin, official assignee, Sheffield ; Unwin, Sheffield.
Joseph Meeke, draper, Sheffield, August 11, and Sept.
22, at twelve, at the Leeds District Court. Brewin, official
assignee, Sheffield; Uuwin, Sheffield.
Vohs Salmon (known as Salmon and Co.)' boot and shoe
manufacturer, Brick-lane, Spitalfields, Aug. 10, at
eleven, and Sept. 12, at half-past two, at the Court of
Bankruptcy. Graham, official assignee; Frost, Watling-
street.
William Trego, builder, Gunter's-grove, West Bromp-
ton, and Moor-park-terrace, King's-road, Fulham, Aug.
16, at two, and Sept. 18, at ore; at the Court of
Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Sambrooke-
court, Basinghall-street ; Walters and Son, Basiughall-
street.
• James Hall, broker, Nottingham, Aug. 14 and Sept. 4,
at ten, at the Birmingham District Court. Harris, official
assignee, Nottingham ; Smith, Nottingham ; Rusworth,
Birmingham. h
Walter James Palmer, cattle dealer' Hotwell's, Bristol,
Aug. 13 and Sept. 11, at eleven, at the Bristol District
Court. Acraman, official assignee, Bristol ; Birch and
Davies, Newport, Monmouthshire; Bevan and Girliug,
Bristol.
Richard Hardey, merchant, Kingston-upon-Hull, Aug.
15, and Sept. 12, at twelve, at-the Leeds District Court.
Carrick, official assignee, Kingston-upon-Hull ; Holden
and Sons, Hull.
George Armitage, John Frankish, Win. Frankish, and
Thomas Barker, railway carriage manufacturers, Sheffield,
Aug. 11, and Sept. 22, •at twelve, at the Leeds District
Court. Brewin, official assignee, Sheffield ; Unwin,
Sheffield.
Bryan Kiernan, clothier, Manchester, Aug. 15, and Sept.
12, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Fraser,
official assignee, Manchester ; Sale, Worthington, and
Shipman, Manchester.
Joseph Travis, wollen manufacturer and printer, Green
Bridge, near Newchurch, Lancashire, Aug. 17, and Sept.
21, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Herne-
man, official assignee, Manchester; Standring, junr.,
Rochdale ; Hampson, Manchester.

BANK OF ENGLAND.
An Account pursuant to the Act 7th and ath Victoria, cap. 32, for
the Week enduig on Saturday the 28th day of July, 1855.

ISSUE DEPARTMENT•

Notes]issued ........ 29,745,990

Government debt.... 11,015,100
Other securities 2,984,900
Gold coin and bullion 15,745,990
Silver bullion ...• • ... -

429,745,990 I £29,745,990
M. MARSHALL, Chief Cashier.
Dated the 2d day of August, 1855.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

("Prom the Times of this day. )
It is difficult to imagine for what serious purpose Mr.
Laing has thought fit to revive the discussion on the
Vienna Conferences. To that discussion he has brought
no novelty, except the general and highly gratuitous
assertion that the Western Powers have forfeited the
good opinion of Europe by insisting on their proposal of
counterpoise. The public opinion of England happens
to be easily ascertained, because the Legislature is mainly
representative and the press is free. The House of Com-
mons shares with the organ of the largest circulation in
this country the opprobrium of indicating public opinion
too stroney, too immediately, so that, at all events, we
have a perfectly unprejudiced testimony te the exist-
ence of a public opinion, to its definite and influential
character, and to its particular judgments on public
affairs. There exists no sugh testimony, no such
means of recognising and isftrepreting the public
opinion of Europe, especi y when we subtract
front it, as Mr. Laing does" France and the British
Isles. Had this "gentleman' upported his assertion
by a reference to any Enrop organ of public opinion
having a large circulation, o any representative Le-
gislature? or to any distingui. ed statesman or writer of
undoubted integrity, then,Aleast, HS, statement would
not have been gratuitous, land consequently worthless.
But he has done nothing of the kind, and all that is left
to us is to conjecture how he has been deceived, or
rather what apology he can have.for
,a statement calcu-
lated to damage the honour and interests of his country.
No doubt, many merchants, both here and abroad, have
suffered much by the war, and are -threatened with ab-
solute ruin if it lasts long enough. It is quite possible
that some of them, after having originally condemned
Russia as the cause of the war, are ready, without dis-
crituination,to stigmatise all the Governments concerned
in it. No doubt, too, any German authority who would
dutifully assist the policy of his Government could not
do it better than by first inclining to the cause of the
allies, and then throwing all his weight on the other
side. Whether any of the authorities by which Air. Laing
has been guided are of this hollow character cannot be
known till he explains whether he has any reason
at all for his statement beyond its convenience for the
purposes of debate. There are people who, in the ab-
sence of exact information, are ready to allege a general
belief for opinions which they wish us to imbibe ; but
they ale commonly persons of confused intellect and
vapid conceptions. In fact, they tell us everybody
thinks so and so, because they have no other proof or
reason to offer. That evidently is Mr. Laing's case
when he pretends that the continental men of business
had up to a certain point been on the side of the West-
ern Powers, but had parted company with them on the
rejection of the Austrian proposition.
Nor is this the sole assumption, resting only on the
convenience of the moment, that Mr. Laing has thought
it possible to impose on the house. He would have us
believe him as good an authority on the secret inten-
tions of Austria and Russia as on the public opinion of
Europe. Had we acquiesced in the plan of counter-
poise, Mr. Laing has no doubt that Russia would
have accepted the proposal ; he is equally certain that
the operation of the proposal would have destroyed
the Russian preponderance in the Black Sea ; and
lie': enjoys the same absolute conviction that, even if
Russia had rejected the proposal, we should thereupon
have carried Austria with us in the war. If Mr. Laing
is really certain on these points he is probably the only
Man in Europe who is, for even the politicians who, a
month ago, were trying to persuade us that the allies had
put themselves in the wrong were careful against com-
mitting themselves to a decided opinion that, even if the
allies had accepted the Austrian proposal, they would
have gained more than the consciousness of a pacific
temper and a just cause. Mr. Laing's conviction as to
the alliance of Austria, which he informs U 3 we should
have secured by accepting her proposal, is all the more
singular, inasmuch as Austria, when questioned on that
point, distinctly declined to put herself under any new
obligation. In fact, it was no proposal at all, unless it
be a proposal to advise with the distinct understanding
that the advice is to cost the adviser nothing. How
Russia would have received the suggestion of the
counterpoise it is equally impossible and needless to
say ; but Mr. Laing, judiciously or inadvertently, omits
to inquire whether it consisted with the independence
of Turkey or our own dignity to propose that we
might be at liberty to keep any number of chips we
pleased in the Black Sea, so long as we did not exceed
the number of the Russian fleet, and that we should bind
ourselves always to accept from Russia the limit of our
fleet. In fact, the plan of a " counterpoise" meant
nothing more nor less than the limitation of the Turkish
rights in the Bosphorus and of the Western influence iu
the Black Sea. This, however, is a question of right.
There is another question of a more matter-of-fact kind,
on which it might. beompposed Mr. Laing would besome
authority. He is of opinion that the perpetual presence
of a large fleet from the west of Europe, 3,000 miles
from its ports and arsenals, standing guard in face of a
Russian fleet in its own harbours, would work well as a
security for the peace of Europe, the independence of
Turkey, and the proportion of Russian ambition. For
our part, we confess that we are too much struck by the
mere absurdity of the idea to enter into a serious
examination of its working. The naval police of the
world, as discharged by the great naval Powers, is
already costly, troublesome, and irritating enough,
even when it is confined to small squadrons at
Mediterranean stations, or solitary frigates wander-
ing about the Pacific ; but the idea of the allies
maintaining a huge fleet always up to the size of the
fleet it is intended to check, in.tbe very face of Russia,
is so much beyond anything that even England or France
has ever done, that it could not possibly have been con-
ceived by any friend of those nations.
Mr. Gladstone has taken the opportunity of renewing
his attempt to fasten on Ministers the responsibility of
the war, and its expenditure of a hundred millions a-
year. For this purpose he ingeniously dates the whole
discussion from the time when the allies presented them-
selves at the Vienna Conferences with their proposi-
tions, including one for the limitation of the Rus-
sian power in the Black Sea. Indeed, his whole
speech rests on the idea of a perfectly spontaneous
and arbitrary interference of the Western States,
coming forward for some unexplained reason or other,
and demanding that Russia shall submit to certain
restrictions. He wholly puts out of the question
that at the time when these propositions were
made we were resisting an act of " brigandage," which,
if tolerated, would have been fatal not only to the
independence of Turkey but the liberty of Europe. Ho
wholly puts out of the question that for the purpose of
effectually resisting this act of brigandage himself and
his colleagues had undertaken this war, carried it into
the enemy's country, and commenced the enormous ex-
penditure he complains of. He wholly omits that him-
self and his colleagues drew up and offered these propo-
sitions, and that they did so, not as fresh provocations
of war, but as terms of peace which they would accept
from Russia as the pledge of her desisting from her :ar-
bitrary and insolent aggressions. Mr. Gladstone, in-
deed, attempts to distinguish between the course taken
by his Government and the present, by alleging that
Lard Aberdeen proposed the "limitation" simply as a
matter to bs talked and thought about, whereas Lord
Palmerston, he says, has insisted on its acceptance, and
refused to desist from the war till it is agreed to. Of
Mr. Gladstone's own actions, and of the particular mood
or intention in which he makes a proposal, he is the best
judge,—at least, few will undertake to explain for him
what possibly he cannot explain to himself ; but he is
very far from truth. in alleging that the present Govern-
ment has insisted on the limitation as a sine qua non.
On the contrary, it has been ready to entertain any sug-
gestion
from Russia which shall answer the same pur-
pose. The present Government has not convected a
pacific into an aggressive suggestion. We are still in
precisely the same condition as last year at this time,
when Mr. Gladstone and his friends were in power.
We are simply in arms repelling an act of " brigandage,"
True, propositions for peace have been rejected on both
sides. Of course, we are under no obligation to make a
single proposal for peace. To do so was itself an act of
grace. We were justified, and are now justified, in err-
ryiug on the war to such extremities as we may think
necessary for the common good of Europe. At all
events, if we, in our desire to avoid those extremities,
and to spare our foe as well as ourselves, tender certain
conditions of peace, that tender is not to be misrepre-
sented as a gratuitous provocation, or as the whole
question at issue in the war.
I .