The Sun.
London, England, 1855-11-08 00:00:00

CO3IMANDER.

A. Toyer, to the Pheenix.
MASTERS' ASSISTANT.

ti Mr". W. H. Hay ward to the Hecla.
SURGEON SUPERINTENDENT.
Mr. G. D. Maelaren to the William Harrison, convict

ship.

First Lieutenant Ambrose Wolrige, R.M. has been
appointed to be Quartermaster to the Woolwich Dil
sion of Marines.

DESPATCH FROM GEN. SIMPSO

(From a supplement to Tuwlay's Gazette.)
WAR DEPARMENT, Nov. 7.
Lord Panmure has this day received a (Wrath, and
its enclosures, of which the following are copies, ad-
dressed to his lordship by General Sir James Simpson,
G.C.B.

- - -
Sebastopol, Oct. 23.
My Lor3,—l have the honour to transmit the copy of
a letter from lieutoCol. Ready, of the 4th October, and
its enclosure, giving an amount of theTrocecdinga cf
detachment of the force which was sent to Taman for
the purpose of collecting firewood and building materials-
The service was satisfactorily performed. Unfortu-
nately three soldiers of the 71st lost their lives, in conse-
quence of their having strayed beyond the limits pre-
scribsd to them.

I transmit the nominal return of the non-commis-
sioned officers and men of the 10th Hussars who were
taken prisoners on the 21st of September, in the aff.tir
with the Cossacks, reported by me in my letter of the
29th September.

I have reason to believe that the greater portion of the
Turkish Contingent are now assembled at Kertch.
No further intelligence has been received from Bin-
bourn. _ _ _

The health of the army continues very good. A few
cases of cholera have occurred during the past week,
but it is confined entirely to the new comers.
I have, &c.,
(Signed) JAMES SIMPSON,
General Commanding.

P.S.—Since I commenced writing this despatch, I
have received the accompanying report from Brigadier-
General the Hon. A. Spencer.

The Lord Panmure, &c. &c.

Enclosure 1.

J. S.

Yenikale, October 4, 1855.
Sir,—l have the honour to inform you that the joint
French and English Expedition to Taman returned from
thence yesterday, the 3d inst., and that three companies
of the 71st Regiment, under the command of Major
Hunter, which formed the British part of the force,
have resumed their former quarters in Sertch.
Enclosed is the report of Major Hunter of his pro-
ceedings during his stay in Phanagoria. The arrange.
meats he made for executing the duties entrusted to him,
and providing against the desultory attacks to be ex-
pected from the enemy, gave me complete satisfaction.
I regret, however, that I have, notwithstanding, to re-
port the loss of three men, who wero surprised by the
Cossacks whilst straggling from their party, one of whom
was killed and his body found, and the two others sup-
posed to have been captured.
The French and English gun-boats, having been sud-
denly recalled, placed us under the necessity of abandon-
ing a large quantity of timber, procured from the public
buildings in Phanagoria. We, however, collected and
transported to Yenikale a very fair supply; the rest was
burnt, and the enemy will find it difficult to provide
shelter for any number of troops there during the winter.
I have, &c.,

(Signed) C. READY,
Lieut.-Col, 71,st Light Infantry.
Lieut.-Gen. Sir It. Airey, K.C.8.,
Quartermaster-General, &c.

Enclosure 2.

Kerteh, Oct. 4, 1855.
Sir,—l have the honour to report the return to Kertch
of the French and English troops under my command,
trona our joint expedition to Taman. It is with much
pleasure that I recur to the assistance rendered by one
to the other, but I have to regret the loss of three sol-
' diers of- the French Marine, and three soldiers of the
71st Highland Light Infantry; each party having strayed
beyond the limits prescribed to them, was surprised by
the Cossacks. The bodies of the three French and the
body of Corporal M‘Dougal alone were found murdered,
each having received several wounds from ball and
lance. The other two men of the 71st Regiment are
still missing.

Having proceeded in quest of the missing mon with
both the French Chasseurs and the Hussars under my
command, I was still unable to obtain any clue as to
their fate.

During our stay in Plianagoria the Coseacks fre-
quently made attacks on our lines by night, having
wounded one naval officer, French, and one naval offi-
cer, English, also one private 71st Regiment, who was
slightly wounded in the hand. One Cossack alone, who
succeeded in approaching within 4 (four) yards of my
advanced sentry, was killed ; but, owing to the dark-
' nes of the night, it was impossible to discern any ob-
ject which was lower than our level.

The assistance rendered by the naval officers who ac-
companied the expedition could not have been ex-
ceeded, particularly by Lieutenants Ainslie and Fitzroy ;
and the despatch with which Mr. Williams invariably
returned with the Minna, after landing her supply of
wood at Yeni-Kaleh, was the admiration of all. The
value of this boat on such au expedition is very great.
The gun-boats being suddenly recajed for some other
active service, a large quantity of valuable wood was
burnt.
Tile buildings at Taman and the large storehouses in
Phanagoria are completely destroyed by fire and gun-
powder, and I cannot conceive the possibility of any
body of troops receiving shelter in that neighbourhood.
There being several squadrons of Cossacks constantly
around us on the different heights, I did not consider it
prudent to make any movement towards the hills, con-
sidering the destruction of the tint and town, also the
collection of wocni, as being the objects of the expedi-
tion.—l have, &c.,
(Signed) R. F. HUNTER,
Major, 71st Highland Light Infantry.
Lieut.-Colonel Ready, Commanding her Britannic
Majesty's Forces, Yeni-Kaleh,

Eneesure 3.
SUPPLEMENTARY NUMERICAL RETURN OF
CASUALTIES FROM 9TH TO 27TM SEPTEMBER,
1855.
10th Hussars-2 serjoants, 15 rank and file missing
(Prisoners of war)—taken prisoners on the 21st September,
in an affair with the Cossacks.
W. L. PAKENFIA3I, Adjutant-General.

Enclosure 4.
SUPPLEMENTAL NOMINAL RETURN OF CASU-
ALTIES FROM Orit TO 27rn SEPTEMBER, 1855.
MADE PRISONERS OF WAR.
Taken prisoners in an affair with the Cossacks.
SEPT. 21.
10th Ilussars—TrooP
Sorjeant-Major William Finch;
Farrier William r 1 every
Serieant John William Parsons—in hospital, with
attention paid him ;
wounded Privates Wm. Alves, Thos. Mjartc'n' sligh"y
Bryant, Joseph Broadbent, Geor, M. Boys, Charles
, Henryp French, Henry Morti-
tso Coulter (slightly
wounded), Joseph Davies
mer, Robt. Neath, Matthew
HenryllleW°Yl
John Smith, Arthur Walker, Wilson.
Sherwood,
W. L. PAKENHAM,
Adjutant-General.

(Enclosure 5.)
Kinbourn, Oct. 19, 1855.
Sir,—l have the honour, for the information of the
Commander-in-Chief, to forward a more correct state of
the force under my command than my very hurried de-
spatch of the 17th inst. enabled me to do.
I am this day employed in moving my camp, now
three miles from Kinbourn, to the imnaediats neigh-
bourhood of that fort ; our position, although no 61110
has been lost in making intrenchments, being too extew:
sive, and the gun-boats of the allied fleets, from the
.
peculiarity of the ground, could, in the event f an
attack from the interior, be of little use to
u
The front of the new position will not
x n both
mile, and will be well covered by the gun-boatsflanks. make a ream-
e
c.eecol hf a
To-morrow General Bazain purposes to
naissance, in which nearly the w s
sx days'
will take part. We carry with.
hu 1
hole of the English force
has been very much
The Fort of Kinburn, which
the 17th, is about
damaged by the fire of the ships on
to undergo repair.
The fort and magn©s at Ochakow were yesterday
blown up by the
ii-liee:asntedr
itarotoopisoevfeory health
The The weather is fie
B. e chore, and
A small supply of
._
I hope to increase it .A ts.Ec.R,
, Brigadier• General.
The Military Secretary, &c., .c.

EFFECTIVE STATE OF THE FORCE UNDER THE
COMMAND OF BRIGADIER-GENERAL THE
HON. A. SPENCER, C.D.

Kinbourn Oct. 19, 1855.
Infantry-180 officers, 237 serjeants, 86 drummers, 3,992
rank and file ; 33 sick.
Royal Artillery-6 officers,
file ; 100 horses. 5 serjeants, 149 rank and
Royal Engineers-6 officers '4 serjeants, 56 rank and file.
Detachment of Cavalry-1 officer, 1 serjeant, 20 rell'
and file ; 20 horses.
otal--193 officers, 247 serjeants, 86 drummer', 4'224
rank and file ; 33 sick • 120 horses. ctoperal.
(iigned) SPE,NCE,R, ikigadier.

BURGLARY.—£200 RE WARD. —On the
Night' of Friday, the 26th of October inst., 1655, Oakland
House, Cricklewood, Kilburn, near London, was robbed, among
other things, of 21.55. 6d. in money, some Silver Teaspoons, Threaded
Shell Pattern, engraved with a Lion's Head, and the Initial " S," and
the Motto, " Prudentia et Animis," of the Works of a Drawing-room
Clock, purchased of Silver, of Hatton-Garden, and of 3 Coats, ono
black twilled Waterproof, another black cloth, with velvet collar,
and the other a dark brown driving coat of thick fine cloth.
Whoever will give such information as shall Iced to the conviction
of the Thief or Thieves, shall receive the above Reward, on applica-
tion to Mr. Steele, Solicitor, No. I, Lincoin's-ion-flelds, where, or at
the premises, Or to the police, all information is to be rendered.

-1111 E PEOPLE'S CLUB.-
"The progress of the People,
the march of mind, and
many other phrases, are common zu the mouths of all ; yet it
is a fact that very little is done for them by the Government;
and although many praiseworthy efforts are made by private
individuals and the richer classes, yet they fail of coming
home to the feelings and sympathies of the people.
The reason is, that all these are attempts to provide for the
people much that the people do not care for, and much they
do not understand ; and both are frequently done in a way
that offends the pride and self-esteem of the working classes,
who are as independent in feeling as any other class in society.
The consequence of this state of things is, that the Me-
chanics' Institutions of Lord Brougham, the Athenaeums of the
rich traders of Manchester and Liverpool, and even the Crys-
tal Palace of Prince Albert, arc failures, as far as the veritable
people are concerned, who scarcely ever visit such places,
where they feel themselves intruders. They mingle 'e ith
classes who look down upon them, and they keep, as most
classes-do, to their overt places of amusement and recreation,
such as they are. Fairs are mostly done away with, and
the boisterous mirth of such places has degenerated into
scrambles for picking pockets and viler purposes.
Meanwhile population goes on increasing at a tremendous
rate. Every year the addition of hundreds of thousands extend
the area of this huge metropolis ; and whilst alliother classes
have their refining and civilising processes, the artisan alone
sinks lower and lower in the scale, The class of traders has
improved with every generation, and we now find their sons
and daughters are more refined, have more knowledge, and
better taste than had the ancestors of many lords and dukes a
hundred years since. Their young men support the nume-
rous theatres, concerts, libraries, clubs, exhibitions, and in-
stitutions -of this great town. They are well clothed and
well mannered, and in all essential respects gentlemen.
What a contrast is there with the artisan class, who go on
from generation to generation uncared for ; and although they
too have made some progress in civilisation, yet by no means
in a fair proportion. '

Whence this difference arises is plain to be seen. The
traders' sons are not only better grounded in education, but
they have numerous sources of adult education. Their wits
are sharpened at the theatres, their minds are cultivated at
the various learned and literary institutions, and by mingling
in company at the Clubs and other places of resort. They
thus get, what no set or scientific education can give, some
refinement of manner and the elements of taste.
It may be said that our artisans and workmen have the
same opportunities, but it is not so. It is true the civilising
influence of the theatre is thrown opefi to them, and many
take advantage of it ; but the people at large require much
more than this; and many many thousands never receive
even this influence; some by principle, and others by circum-
stances, being precluded.
The Crystal Palace comes the nearest to a grand refining
public institution ; but it is essentially removed out of the
reach of the working classes, except for occasional purposes.
What the people want is something that shall spontaneously
attract them. Some place which they can feel is their own,
some place where they are at home amongst their own friends
and their own class. A place in which they can take a pride,
and where they will find ease, and pleasure, and relaxation,
mingled imperceptibly with refining and instructir, pro-
cesses ; where by mixing with men of all tempers andbcapa-
cities, they will acquire manners, and by associating with
portions of art, acquire refinement and taste.
No such attempt has yet been made. Hospitals have been
built for the sick ; mechanics' institutes for abstract studies;
schools for the ignorant; but nothing has been done to im-
prove the manners and the tastes of the great body of the
people ; and this we maintain, in spite of the British Museum
and the National Gallery being thrown open to all. The
wandering through museums and galleries, without other
stimulants to the mind, is of little advantage, and that it is
so is proved by the inadequate operation of such places on
the minds of the people at large.
„.. .

It is a remarkable fact that the mind will remain dead to
all such appeals for ages, and that it is only earnestly aroused
and improved through the feelings. Thus the pulpit will do
more than scientific lectures ; and theatres than dumb gal-
leries and overloaded museums.

If, then, the people are to be awakened to a full develop-
ment of their capacities and power, they must have the means
of doing so. They must be sufficiently informed and culti-
vated to become a class. They must feel their own position
and respect it, and they must become powerful by cohesion,
and by a unity of taste and interest.
Looking at it. in this point of view, the imperfectly existing
amount of civilisation, and among the working classes its
slow rate of progression, too plainly shows the mental state
of the greatest portion of mankind. Sanitary improvements
would not be so tardy ; mendicancy so extensive ; law so
inefficient ; and true religion so partial, if the minds of
mankind were fully informed, and the best feelings of the
human heart were cultivated,
It has been, therefore, thought by ONE who sincerely sym-
pathises with his own class, " The people," that this better
commeuceme: t of a new epoch, in which to arouse the popu-
lar intellect, could not be devised than to erect on a magni-
ficent scale,

A PEOPLE'S CLUB,
to which " The people" would resort, and enjoy, amidst the
elegaucies of art, all that
A NEWS-ROOM AND LIBRARY,
on the largest and most liberal scale, could afford. For this
purpose it is intended to erect, in a central position of the
metropolis,