The Sun.
London, England, 1855-06-05 00:00:00

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I PRICE SD.

THE SIEGE OP SEBASTOPOL.

(Prom the Times' Correspondent.)
CAMP BEFORE SEBA.STOPOL, MAY 21.
It hag been, resolved to send another secret expedition
to the eastward of the Crimea, and preparations are
being made at present f r its departure, which will pro-
bably talc° place on Wednes.iay next. Sir George
Brown is to command the Briti,h troupe, but as yet I
have not been able to learn any particulars respecting
the regiments. the vessels, or the numbers of the expe-
dition. However, I trust I shall be able to glean some
information on these points ere the post leaves to-mor
row, but the result of the expedition will be known in
England long before these lines are in print. General
Canrobert does not return to France as was imagined, but
retains the command of a division of the French army. I
saw him yesterday riding about with only two orderlies
after him, al his appanage of staff officers, spahis, and gui-
.lons gone to loll° w his successor. There are reports of con-
siderable changes being made in the commands of our
divisions. Sir George Brown will, it is said, resign the
command of the Light Division to become Lieutenant-
General second in command of the British army, and on
the arrival of (seneral Bentinck a fifth division will be
formed, which will occasion a displacement of some of the
divisional generals, and very probably confer a divisional
command on Major-General Barnard. The cholera has
not made any considerable progress, and the cases which
have occurred are considered by the doctors to be only
spasmodic. We have to lament the loss of Major Norton,
of the 88th Regiment, a young and promising officer,
who served with his regiment in Bulgaria, and was
present with them at the battles of the Alma and of
Inkerman. On Saturday he was quite well and at-
tended the sale of Colonel Lawrence's effects, which
took place on that day, on the departure of that gallant
officer for England ih bad health.'-On Saturday night he
was seized with choleise and he died on Sunday morning.
All our batteries are in admirable order, and the effect
of our fire from the second parallel and from the advanced
hatt-ries will be tremendous, though our losses from the
enemy's fire at the shortened distance must be propor-
tionally greater than it has been. Hitherto we have
made little use of carcases, a kind of shell perforated with
three holes, out of which the internal composition burns
fiercely, firing whatever itscomes in contact with, and giv-
ing forth intense light. The Russians, on the contrary,
have used both carcases and fire balls freely, and have de-
rived considerable advantage from them in theirnocturnal
attacks, as they have been able to see our position clearly
while they were shrouded in darkness. Frem the number
Of carcases recently sent up to the front it is to be pre-
sumed we intend to make use of them at the next bom-
bardment. There was a plan some time ago proposed
by an engineer to save us from surprise. It consisted of
wires placed at the distance of a few feet front poles fixed
in the ground, and so arranged as to set fire to blue
lights on being touched. For some reason or other the
project has not been carried out. We have been un-
able to enfilade the Russian works to any extent, owing
to the ravines and the skill of the Russian engineers.
The great object of the attacking engineer is to place
the line of his batteries at right angles to the pro-
longation of the faces of the batteries of the enemy,
and by that means to obtain au enfilading fire. The
Russian engineers have frustrated this object in the pre-
sent instance by the judicious position of their de-
fences. The prolongations of the faces of the Redan, of
the Garden Battery, of the Flagstaff, of the Round
Tower, and of the redoubts to the east, terminate,
with few exceptions, in ravines, or run at right angles
to positions inaccessible to us. Hence our fire has been
"direct," and has lacked the advantages usually derivable
from a choice of ground on the part of the besiegers,
and the points of attack are so widely extended that the
Allies have not been able to obtain any considerable
amount of concentrated fire. 'lt must be remembered
that earthworks, however admirable for the purpose of
immediate attack or defence, are unsuited for perma-
nent defence. They are in a constant state of "break-
ing down," decay and decadence are their inseparable
conditions, and if we were to retire from Sebastopol to-
morrow, and if the Russians were to leave their works
unrepaired, a winter's snow and rain and the action of
the weather in a few months would soon destroy the
works which now represent the aggressive force •f
four nations and the defensive power of one. It is pro-
bable, therefore, notwithstanding the eulogies bestowed
upon earthen works, that if the Allies were to break up
their camp to-morrow and leave the Russians to them-
selves, they would find on returning in a few years that
the lines of the present works would be represented by
solid stone, and that the Redin and Mamelon would be
crowned with redoubts of masonry. It is in consequenc;
of the rapidly-decaying property of earthworks that our
labours have been so great—they are like a London
house, there is always something or other to be done,
losses made good, repairs effected—they cannot be let
alone for 24 hours. The action of shot and shell upon
them of course accelerates the destructive influences. of
the weather and of tirne—gabions are knocked to pieces
in a moment instead of the willow and twig ribs becom
ing rotten in sun arid rain, and parapets fall down and
ditches are filled up by the iron shower more rapidly, but
not more surely, than by the rains of heaven. I need
scarcely say that the statements which have appeared in
some of your contemporaries respecting the establish-
ment of batteries within 180 or 200 yards of Malakhoff
are not correct. There is no parallel armed with mor-
tars or heavyguns within twice that distance of the place
indicated, and the fact of the Matnelon being 560 yards
in front of it (nearly due south of it) sufficiently proves
the absurdity of these assertions. Our nearest parallel
in front of the left attack is more than 500 yards from
the enemy's works, and there we must stop, be-
cause the Woronzow road runs below the cliff to-
wards which we have pushed our works at the bot-
tom, and the ground i s so steep that no earthworks
could be formed upon it. At one portion of this
attack, however, where our lines incline towards the
north to meet the French, we made a curve which brings
us nearer to the enemy, but the ground is unfavourable
for the construction of batteries. On the right attack
front our lines have been advanced close to the enemy's
centre approaches, but the latter are considerably in
front of the Mamelon and Round Tower. It is said
that one of the privates of the 48th Regiment has given
some very valuable information respecting the terrain of
Sebastopol, and has corrected, a serious misconception
under which our engineers were labouring respect-
ing the course of a creek in front of the left attack.
The man had been for some years in Russia, and as a
stonemason he laboured at the works of Sebastopol, and
knows every street in it. He pointed out the position
of the terminus of the water-works, and of the
engines working it, and it is now stated that there are
no less than 100 guns all hid from view defending these
works, and raking the Redan, so tbat had we assaulted
and carried that formidable work we should have met a
fire on which none of our officers had calculated. The
uncertain reports we receive respecting the strength of
the garrison are most perplexing.
The French here were lately flying large kites over the
Flagstaff bastion, whether to amuse themselves and an-
noy the enemy, or to seeure some practical object, I
cannot say. Their example has been followed, and a
large kite is at this moment soaring gracefully in front of
the Fourth Division. An order has just been sent up to
the 71st Regiment to get ready to strike tents and march
to Balaklava at daybreak, which will be rather hard on
some of the men at least, for they will not be up from
their turn in the trenches till Bor half-past 8 o'clock
this evening. From the circumstance of a large detach-
ment of the Land Transport going, as well as from
the intimation given to the Commissary officers, it is
believed that a part ofthe expedition is intended to march
across from Kaffa to Arabat. The whole of the corn-
, municationa between the Crimea and the Sea of Azoff to
the eastward, the supplies from Taganrog, and the rein-
forcements from the Caucasian army, &c., would then be
completely cut off by the roads to Simpheropol, Karasn-
Bazar, or Bakshi Serai.
MAY 22.—With daylight this morning the em-
barkation of troops commenced; the smaller ships
of war are at 'anchor in the bay, and steam-tugs
take the men out into the bay to them. The brave
Highlanders are now nearly all on board. The
French are busy. n like manner at Kamiesh Bay
and to-morrow all are expected to meet, when they will
sail away and act in conjunction. Great confidence is
expressed that something will now be accomplished, all
seem in high glee, the light step and cheerful smile of the
gallant Highlander, as he steps upon the plank, well
betoken the gay spirit and light heart with which he
enters upon this duty. Up to the moment of the mail's
leaving all has progressed satisfactorily, and with great
promptitude.

THE TURKISH ARMY IN THE CRIMEA.

EI7PATORIA, May 19.—Yesterday, when I sent off my
letter to Kamiesh, everybody was still in the wide field
of conjecture about the movement which was preparing;
by degrees, however, the mystery cleared up, and it be-
came known that there was to be another trip to
Kamiesh on a larger scale. The Egyptians and the
Turks who have been attached to the Allied Armies
since the beginning of the Crimean expedition have come
over for the defence of Eupatoria, while a great part of
the troops who came over to the Crimea with Omer
Pasha are going down to co-operate with the Allies.
The first lot of the troops was to have been em-
barked yesterday in the steamers which had brought
over the Egyptians from Kamiesh, but the embarkation
was postponed until to-day.

embarkationtroops
acnomamaenlacregdf;
In the
Early
afternoonthismorsnei
vnegralthte housand
d and the ' baggage, and provisions were
English men-of-war were all
number of pack horses
on boar ,
under way. As there were no E;yptians to embark the whole was done without any noise. The regiments
were marched down, piled arms, and squatted down
with perfect indifference to what was going on, waiting
till their turn came.
At the same time, while the troops were embarking,
the Russian inhabitants of Eupatoria were t-miling under
the weight of their baggage through the sand, in order
to reach the Qua.rantine-pier, where they ►
were to have
been embarked for Odessa. 'lt was, I must own, an un-
pleasant sight, as most emigrations are. They seemed
to have kept much more of their property than the
wretched inhabitants of the Greek' villages about Bala-

ttltp%'. fl(iwn- is

Mar 21.—Early this morning Col. Simmons returned
from Kamiesh on board the Colombo, and brought the
order from Omer Paella that the embarkation should be
resumed. Only a few thousand troops remained, which
were put on board the Furiotni and the Leopard. The
rest of the day was taken up by the embarkation of guns
and horses, which of course took much longer. The
whole was done this time under the orders of Captain
Goldsmith, of the Sidon, as senior officer of the station.
Sailors and officers worked with their• accustomed zeal
and that steady perseverance which is perhaps nowhere
found in a greater degree than among them.
Omer Pacha does not return it seems, for his horses
are to he sent off to-day or to-morrow.
MAY 20.—1 t seems as if the Crimean expedition, but
above all the Turkish contingent engaged in it, wag
destined to give the world a practical illustration of the
we, elm it we words, '`Ordre, contre-ordre, d':sordre."
Yesterday the steamers, leaded with troops and baggage,
went off in hot hate, and discharging their cargoes as
fast as they coul,', retained again this morning ready to
take up more. The troops destined for the embarkation
were already on the beech, nay, some of them even on
board, when suddenly the order arrived to stop the em-
barkation, and the troops returned again to their tents.
The Colombo had come in towards • morning, and
Omer Pacha, accompanied by C >level Simmons, em-
barked suddenly for Kameish. This sudden change of
dispositions, and the precipitate. departure of Oases'
Pacha, is generally attributed to the change in the
French commandership —the removal of General Can-
robert from the command, and the nomination of General
Pelissier in his place.
Expectation has again risen to the highest pitch. We
are on the eve of the hottest months, and soon we shall
have to fight against the heat, as we had in winter to
fight against cold and rain.
Although the embarking of troops has been stopped
tT h
e n Englishp.
till further criers, a good deal of baggage and a number
their enir e afimre esrs.
banked of horses belonging to those who left
yesterday was sent
board
waiting thewith
French
onwere'
tele-
graph is not yet in working order, the •dial being still
wanting, they must wait the
arrival of so
A s
thn
steamers
some steamer
from Kamiesh. .
Yesterday there was a rather bold case of desertion.
The 4th Regiment of Cavalry of Rumeli was doing
duty on the outposts. On the side of the bridge which
forms the extreme right of our vidette line the two
videttes are placed on a little mound, not more than 100
yards from the bridge. About 50 yards behind them is
a post of 15 to 20 men, under a' sergeant, and further
back the squadron. About noon the corporal of the ad-
vanced 'post went coolly to the sergeant and asked
hini for a light for his cigarette. The sergeant had' none, consequently the corporal requested the ser-
geant to allow him to mount his horse and go to
the videttes t.) ask one of them for it. The per-
mission was given, the corporal went up to the
mound where the videttes were placed, and a
moment afterwards all three set out in a gallop and
went over the bridge which forms the boundary line be-
tween the Rus,ian and rurkish line of outposts. The.
sergr-ant seeing this instantly ordered his men to mount,
and dashed down at their head to the bridge; but it was
too late ; the fugitives had passed. The Russians seeing
the pursuers and the pursued coming in a galop towards
the bridge, thought that it was an attack ; they mounted
their steeds and ran off towards their.rnain guard. But
when they saw the three deserters dismount, and the
rest stopping at the side of the bridge, they returned and
took the deserters away. This is the second case of de-
sertion which has occurred since the Turks have been
in the Crimea.

ITA VAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE.

The Rosamond, 6, paddle-wheel steam-sloop, is under
orders to leave Sheerness te-morrow for Portsmouth,
taking with her in tow two mortar vessels, for the Black
Sea. From the time she last left for Portsmouth three
serious cases of fever had broken out on board, and since
her return to Sheerness there have been two other cases.
The Volage floating magazine is fully manned; in ad-
tion to her crew she takes out 40 first and second-class
boys for distribution in the fleet ; she only waits for
another lighter of ammunition to complete her, when
she will leave Sheerness direct for the Baltic.
Twelve mortar vessels are ordered to Sheerness imme-
diately, to be attached to Admiral Baynes's screw steam
squadron, in addition to the gun-boats already belonging
to it. Wednesday is named for their departure from
the Nore, but in all probability it will be Friday or Sa-
turday next before they will leave Sheerness.
The Alban, 4, paddle-wheel steam-vessel, Lieutenant-
Commander W. E. Fisher, is ordered to hold herself
ready for sea.

The Perseverance iron-screw-steam storeship, 300-
horse power, was tested yesterday in the fitting-basin at
Sheerness, under the superintendence of Captain John
J. Tucker, to prove her efficiency to carry troops, stores
&c., under her present outfit of masts, spars, &c. She
has had 300 tons of iron ballast stowedi n her hold, and
a quantity of iron ballast berthed on her upper deck, in
midships and on each side. The trial proved highly
satisfactory.

The crew of the Powerful, 84 guns, Captain Thomas
L. Massie, are busily engaged in landing part of her
guns, to enable, her to take the armament of the Glutton •
floating battery. Her light guns and carriages are be-
ing landed to enable her to retain her complete arma-
ment of 63-pounders for her lower deck. When the
Glutton is ready the Powerful will accompany her, End
tow her when necessary. The only casualty she met
with in her passage round to Sheerness from the west-
ward was parting from one anchor and part of her work-
ing bower chain cable during a heavy gale of wind 'while
riding off the pitch of the Tongue Sand, near Margate.
roads. On her second anchor being let go sho rode out
the gale admirably.
The crew of the Calcutta, 84 guns, Captain. James J.
Stopford, arejemaaged in landing a part of the guns, she
retaining her 68. pounders, the same as the Powerful.
The Calcutta is to take on board the armament of the
floating battery Meteor, and is also to accompany the
Meteor out to the Baltic, to tow her when necessary.
At the time the Calcutta parted fromther three anchors
and chains she was riding near the Powerful, and imme-
diately after the third chain parted fore-and•aft storm.
sails were set, and she was under perfect command,
although short of her complement more than 300 hands,
who were distributed into other ships which had sailed
for the Baltic and Black Sea.
The Rockliffe transport, No. 130, Capt. Duncan, ar-
rived at Spithead yesterday morning with 114 invalided
soldiers belonging to various regiments at the hospital at
Abydos. Lieut. Mirehouse, of the list Regiment, was
the military officer in charge, and Dr. Johnston the
medical officer. She went into Portsmouth harbour in
the afternoon.
The Courier transport, N 0.50, Capt. Rudolph, arrived
at Spithead yesterday morning, with baggage belonging
to officers, &c., deceased and invalided from the army
in the Crimea. On the 23d ult., in lat. 36 deg. 49 min.
N., long. 16 deg. 43 min. W., she spoke the English
ship Tar.
Rear-Admiral Martin returned from leave of absence
yesterday morning, and rehoisted his flag on board the
St. Vincent at Portsmouth.
The following are the names of the prizes the Geyser
was obliged to leave in the North Sea during the heavy
gale of Monday and Tuesday last :—The Mecklenburg,
of Rostock, W. Jokchin late master, in charge of Mr.
Wallace, mate of the Archer, since arrived and proceeded
to London (as reported) ; the Johanna, of Wismar, J. C.
Airens, master, in charge of Mr. Kirby, midshipman o
the Imperieuse ; the Benedict, Shutz, master, re-
ported as hailing from Altona, but proved to be a Rus-
sian hailing from Riga, in Charge of Mr. Holdsworth,
midshipman of the Imperieuse ; the Otto and Olaf, C.
H. Waklen master, reported to hail Worn Copenhagen,
but proved to be the late Russian vessel Niord, in
charge of Mr. Lyons, midshipman of the Imperieuse.
The Dania, H. C. Egholm master, of Nyborg, in charge
of Mr. Rivingston, mate of the Tartar ; the Amelia, of
Rostock, L. Bug master, in charge of Mr. White, mate
of the Imperieuse ; the Anion, P. Yorck master, of Ros-
tock, in charge of Mr. Stewart, midshipman of the Gey-
ser ; and the Balance, of Rostock, Paro master, in
charge of Mr. Grant, mate of the Imperieuse. The
master, mate, and one seaman of each of these vessels
have been detained to be brought home with them. The
vessels are all laden with flax, tallow, and grain, the
latter in very small proportions. They all arrived at
Sheerness during Saturday night and Sunday.
RoAyalveWryill large William
vqi
eutaenetliitiyh
go-f byarrde, a
pd
yhme in
e ug t
hi sttohereatthe
Admi-
ralty have ordered further operations to be suspended
while the machinery is examined and repaired. The
bark
and the
A Cr tabduert
areP a rhdeei
ew
g, Captainadee
with Davis,
vene
rat h h
le
cargoes
g Nina, g
ee
fe
r
the Crimea.

Captain Cleveland's company of the Royal Artillery,
2d company, 13th battalion, left Sheerness yesterday
for Weedon, to be there strengthened and to take over
the field battery K from Ireland for the Crimea.