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London, England, 1855-01-15 00:00:00

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ITRIcE SD.

RUSSIA AND THE FOUR POINTS.

(From (Jalignani's Messenger.)

The Debate, acting on•the principle that it is wise to
make a golden bridge for our enemies, expresses an
opinion that there is no humiliation for the Czar in ac-
cepting- the conditions dictated by the Western Powers.
We shoeld agree with the Debats, if it had declared that
there is no humiliation in doing what is right, even after
having persisted for a long time in wrong, but this
is Ili? only way in which we can accept its position. It
is impossible, therefore, for us to be very sanguine of
peace from what ha, recently occurred at Vienna, al-
though at the same time we will admit that there is a
Brent moral triumph for France and England in the
acceptation of the four points, even though there
may, as stated by the Constitutionnel and the
Pays, have been sonic reserves on the pArt of Russia.
When we call to mind the positive declaration of Count
Nes,olrode that the four points were too humiliating for
them to be entertained by the Emperor of Russia, it is
impossible for us not to have a suspicion that they have
been accepted for the purpose of gaining time, and pro-
fiting by some favourable event—all hope of which the
Czar has evidently not abandoned—to object in the
course of the negotiations for peace to the interpretation
of them given by the Western Powers. When the
Debate states that there is no humiliation in the accepta-
tion of the four points, it forgets that the Emperor of
Russia has declared that to accept them would be an
act of humiliation. He may have made up his mind to
this humiliation, and with the sincere intention of keep-
ing faith this time with his adversaries. We shall be
among the first to declare that he has shown moral
courage in the apparent inconsistency of his present act,
after having said that, as long as a chance remained of
avoiding what ho has called humiliation, he would never
consent to the demands of the Allied Powers, nor shall
we be alone in this view of the subject. The world at
large will say that he has gained more honour by a con-
cession to the cause of right than he could gain by a
course of victory in the consummation of the work of
injustice. The Mats says :

"We hail with lively satisfaction the hope of peace.
We have been for a very long time partisans of Euro-
pean peace, and when we consider the immense advan-
tages which civilisation has obtained from peace during 40
years, we salute with joy the chance of peace which is pre-
sented. We express these sentiments with so much the
more joy that we do not think we are indulging in a
vain sentiment of national pride in saying that peace,
if it be made, will be glorious for France, and that
France will have gained by tho war, short as it will
have been, what can be gained by war, namely, glory,
reputation, and ascendancy. 'We are not going to
make any comparison here between what France will
have gained and what Russia will have lost. We do
not like thesefparallels, in which it is so easy to assign
a small share to the enemy. We neither want to de-
preciate our adversaries nor to exalt ourselves. We
think, however, that we are responding to the opinion
of Europe in remarking how much our military organi-
sation, so carefully maintained under the constitutional
monarchy, and how much the efforts which that organi-
sation has permitted us to make, have added to the war-
like reputation of France. The war in the East has
shown in a striking manner that our army and our ad-
ministration had lost nothing during the peace. Algiers
conquered and colonised since 1830, had given us in
184 S an army which saved social order in France ;
Algiers in 1854, has also given us an army capable of
upholding in the East the just power of France ; and
when we speak of Algiers, we do not separate in our
mind Algiers from the War-department, which has
directed the affairs of Algeria for upwards of 20 years
with such activity and intelligence. The excellent con-
duct of the affairs of Algiers has been for the 'War-depart-
ment its apprenticeship for the expedition to the East.
We should reproach ourselves were we to speak of
the advantage which we have derived from our
military organisation, without saying a word of the
political advantages which it has procured us. Here
also wo do not wish to exaggerate in any respect, but
if any one had told us that in six months France
and England would obtain the conditions which they
have set forth in the note of August 3, that is to say,
that the Black Sea should not belong any longer to the
preponderance of Russia, that the Bosphorus should be
protected from naval invasions from the North, that the
Danube should be free, that the Christian subjects of
Turkey should be protected by the common patronage
of Europe, that the Moldo-Wallachian protectorate
should be also shared amongst all the European Powers,
who would not have thought that such results could

only hare been obtained atter long and painful
efforts 1 A peace assuring such advantages, even
if it gave nothing more, would be useful and glori-
ous, and that is the reason why we rejoice - at the hope
of peace. We know well that peace has not yet
been made, that the negotiations are scarcely com-
menced, that many events and divers interests can
interfere with it ; but there is already one great fact
obtained in the question, and that is the acceptation by
Eussiit of the conditions, defined and interpreted by the
protocol of December 23. That acceptation, which is a
stop towards peace, is not a humiliation for any one ; it
fixes, however, if we may say so, the political situation
of the various Powers of Europe, and France has reason
to congratulate herself on her situation ; she will con-
gratula7to herself still more, should that situation
already marked in the negotiations, he thfirittively cur:-
firmed by peace. There may be in France various
opinions as to the measure of liberty and order which is
proper for our country at home, but there cannot be any
as to the measure of dignity and power which our cowl-
' try ought to have abroad ; and on that point all Vrench-
men, both in France and out of it, have the same
thought and the same sentiment."

UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.

CAMBRIDGE, Jex. 13.

MATHEMATICAL EXAMINATION, 1855.

MODERATORS.
Rev. Lewis Hensley, M.A., Trinity College.
Rev. Peroeval Frost, M.A., St. John's College.

EXAMINERS.

Norman Macleod Ferrero, M.A., Cahn College.
Hugh Callender, M.A., Magdalen College.

APPROVED FOR MATHEMATICAL HONOURS.

Agnew, Trin.
Alston, Trin.
Balshain, Joh.
Banhan, Sid.
Baty, Sid.
Bealey, Sid.
Beard, Joh.
Beaumont, Magd.
Bock, A. Caine
Beck, Clare
Bennett, Corpus
Bickford, Trin.
Bonham-Carter,Tr
Bousfield, Caine
Bowen, Trin.
Brakenridge, Chr.
Brown,G.W.,Em.
Brown, Jesus
Browning,Queens'
Browning, Cath.
Burrow, Job.
Burrow, Cath.
Butler, Trin.
Butt, Jesus
Casher, Oahu
Cayley, Joh.
Child, Joh. -
Christie, Joh.
Clare, Pet.
Clarke, Clare
Clay, Enim.
Collins, Oath.
Cooper, Joh.
Courtney, Joh.
Crompton, Trin.
Cuthbertson,Corp,
David, Christ's
Devenish, Trin.
Dix, Caine
Drewry, Pemb.
Du Boulay, Trin.
Dumas, Joh.
Du Port, Cairns
Edwards, Pemb.
Elsee,
Etheridge, Caius
Fitzroy, Trin. H.

Freeman, Caius
French, Queens'
Godson, Pemb.
Gray, C., Trin.
Green,A.H.,Caius
Green, W.C.King's
Griffith, Caius

Okeley, Trin.

Griudrcid, Triu.
Haigh, Christ's
Halicock, Joh.
Harlsett, Pet.

Prescott, Corpus
Proport,Trin. Ha:
Puller, Trin.
Randolph, Trin.

Harrison, Trin.
Headland, Caine
Healey, Trin. H.
Heeley, Trin.
Hoare, Caius
Holds worth, Pet.
Hooppell, Joh.
Hornby, Trin.
Hudson, Trin.
Hughes, Einm.
Joceline' Corp.
Jones,F.H.,Emm.
Lamb, Christ's
Lander, Carp.
Leather, Joh.

Ries, J-oh.
Reynolds, Emm,
Richards, Jesus
Roxby, John's

Lemard, Magd.
Lindsay, Trin.
Little, Joh.
Lobb, Trin.

Long, Corp.
Looseraore, Cath.
Lord, Jesus

Implan, Jen.
Machray, Gid.
Merchant, Trin.
Marsden, Trin.
Matthews, Trin.
Meeres, Clara
Milward, Christ
Molyneux, Magd.
Munro, Trin.
Moore, Jolt.
Mothereole, Trin
Muriel, Pet.

Ninnia, Clare

EXAMINED AND APPROVED FOR THE
BO FAR AS THE MATHEMATICAL PAW

TION IS CONCERNED.
Bentley, Calms Faller, Queens'
Bewley, Cath. flebden,
Darby, Joh. Knowles,Eal
Cl?
Duulohood, Trio. Lloyd,
AGROTAT.
Whitehurch, Joh
DOWNING} COLLIG

William Bennet Pitts' scholar of Ti
1853, has boon elected a Follow of Do'

Pears®, Trim.
Pearson,J.B.,Joh.
Phillips, Queens'
Pigou, Queens'
Pomeroy, Tris.
Poole, Joh.

Busby, Made.
Sanders, Emm.
Savage, Joh.
Scholefield, Trin.
Scowcrof, Magd.
Scudamore, Joh.
Shore, Trin.
Smethurst, Joh.
Smith, W., Jesus
Sowerby, Job.
Spurgin, Clare
Straffon, Christ's
Summorhayes, Qs'
Thompson, T.
Tucker, R., Joh.
Vernon, Joh.

Watford, Trin.
Ward, A. H. ,Pem.
Ward, F. L., Trin.
Watson, F., Caius
Watson, R., Corp.
Webster, Trin.
Westerman, Qs'.
Whiteley, Emm.
Whitlow, Sidney
Wilde, Clare
Wilkinson, Christ.
Wimberley, Trin.
Wood, Cath.
Woolnough, Corp.
Yeats, Joh.

i-tDINAIII" DEGREE,
C or THE EXAMINA,

Morris, Joh.
Pettit, Joh.
Williams, Claro

may Colloge, D.A.,
ming College.

LONDON, BRIGHTON, AND SOUTH COAST RAILWAY.—
The employs of the London, Brighton, and South. Coast
Railway have voluntarily contributed 3121. 17s. sd. to
the Patriotic Fund, which sum has been transmitted to
the Royal Commissioners.
LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY.—The United States mail
steam ship Pacific, Captain E. Nyo, sailed this after-
noon fur New York with the weekly mails for the
United States and Canada, 70 passengers, and a fair
cargo of merchandise on freight. The Royal Mail
steamship America, with advices from New York to
the 2d, Boston to the 3d, and Halifax to the sth instant,
may be expected to-morrow night.
EXTRAORDINARY ROBBERY.—The Bishop of Lincoln
a few days ago laid the foundation stone of a new
church at Memsfield, Notts. In the cavity of the
foundation-stone a bottle containing a number of coins
was placed. On Thursday last, on the workmen going
early to labour, they discovered that the smith's shop
had been broken open, and two crowbars taken there-
from. On farther examination it was discovered that
the crowbars had been used by robbers in forcing the
' stone at the back of the one which was laid by the
Bishop of Lincoln a few days previously. After the
stone had been raised by the bars, the robbers had
propped it up by placing a plank against it, while they
6 broke the glass and took the bottle containing the coins
b away.