The Sun.
London, England, 1855-06-04 00:00:00

N©. 19 51)741

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VTTICE.-THE LANDED GENTRY.
THE FIRST PART OF THE NEW AND IMPROVED EDITION OF

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sin,—lt will be in your recollection that when our
forces originally left this country for Gallipoli (during
the March of 1854) there remained behind them a reserve
of 10,000 under Sir George Cathcart. It will be remem-
bered, moreover, that a very little time elapsed before
those 10,000 men followed their compatriots to Varna ;
and that, within a quarter of a year from the landing of
the allied armies in the' Crimea, the heroic leader of
what had once been our Reserve fell pierced through the
heart by a bullet under the deadly volleys of the Russian
rifles during the glorious struggle of the sth of Novem-
ber at Irikerman. It cannot, be forgotten either, how
for a long time afterwards, during that frightful winter
of 1854-5, while our noble fellows before Sebastopol were
dying daily in platoons, struck down wholesale not by
the sword, or the mini6-ball, or the bayonet, but by disease
and atrophy—while they were perishing, rank and file,
nearly 1,500 within the fortnight, in the slough of the
camp and the quagmire of the trenches, as afterwards
on board the pest-ships at Balaklava, or, later on, in
the lazar-houses at Scutari—at home the authorities were
beating up for recruits in every town and village, with
fife and drum, in a sort of wild desperation. We all
know with what indifferent success. We all bear in
•
mind with what disastrous precipitation, with what
lamentable want of forethought, with what culpable lack
of common sense, and, let me venture to add, too, of
common humanity. Scarcely one unfortunate varlet
was refused, however much of a stripling- or of a scare-
crow. The standards both of age and height were gra.
dually diminished, and, as those standards were diminished,
the bounty, by an inverse proportion, was increased. Every
body seemed to be looked upon as eligible. The new shil-
ling was thrust into the first horny palm that was offered.
The bunch of party-coloured ribbons fluttered in the cap
of every fresh tatterdemalion. Each recruiting ser-
geant, met by hazard, in any rural district in any county
of broad England, had at his heels an awkward squad
not a jot less promising in appearance than the rapscal-
lions marched through Coventry sixtittries back; under
the banners of Sir John Falstaff. ,Vlie'deqUer Of 'al this
was only precisely what might have been anticipated.
Hastily collected together, hurriedly drilled, carried off
in ship-loads and disembarked pell-mell, in a Crimean
January and February, the poor fellows—boys most of
them—died off faster than the old soldiers—scarcely
reached. the camp before they fell sick, hardly became
accustomed to their regimentals before they had to be
rolled up in their blankets and stowed away, by pitsfull
in the burying-ground.
Further exertions had to be made at home to
compensate for the still extending deficiency. The
number of our troops had so fearful dwindled away
before Sebastopol, that something was felt to be
essential in the way of extraordinary efforts with a
view to the restoration of our army to its original
magnitude. Well, we all know what was done under
those very alarming circumstances. The militia was
embodied—but how carelessly, partially, and therefore
altogether ineffectually ! Additional recruits were
gathered together—this time, however, older and younger
than ordinary, wearer and: shorter, with still increased
bounties, and no longer' from the bluff, hardy race of
our hedgers and ditchers, the' iroXXot of • the agricul-
tural districts, but from the sickly population
of cur manufacturing towns, pale•faced artisans, rather
than the ruddy and freckled followers of the plough, the
sturdy' wielders of the flail and the billhook. Neverthe-
less, somehow or other, the requisite numbers were ulti-
mately made up, the British army before Sebastopol was
once more swelled to its old proportions. Thirty thou-
sand men or thereabouts were again under arms, under
the command of Lord Raglan. Considerable good hav-
ing meantime been effected in the manner of their treat-
ment and general organisation—thanks to the exposures
made by the Press and to the scrutiny entered upon
under the auspices or Mr. Roebuck's Committee. In-
somuch that—at last—the brave General Canrobert was
enabled, in the spring of 1855 (not during the spring
of 1854, remember ! but during that of 1855), to
announce the satisfactory state of our forces in a gene-
rous despatch transmitted with the good news to the
French Imperial Government. So far, therefore, so
good. Again our army numbers some thirty thousand.
At last it is brought to something like a rational state
of organisation. But—after we have dec!ared thus much
—what shall we say about the RESERVE ?
Recollect the original Reserve of 10,000 men went away
before our forces had left Varna to disembark on the
beach of Kalamita Bay—they were-swallowed up in the
sanitary disasters of the ensuing winter, just as completely
as their glorious old general had been swallowed up
in the flame and smoke of that great battle of the
sth of November. And subsequently, as already re-
marked, all the raw recruits that could be collected to-
gether—now from the purlieus of the farm-yard, now
from the precincts of the manufactory—were conveyed
from our shores as quickly as possible, by shipload after
shipload, three thousand miles away, on the other side
of the Fluxioe and of the Mediterranean. Nay, other
transport ships are still following those which have
already borne regiment after regiment from Southampton
to Balaklava. Consequently, there are but indifferent
prospects of a Reserve being collected, to be retained at
home until the fitting occasion for its departure—a
Reserve adequate for the existing emergency. Yet
never, sir, I venture to say boldly, has there been more
reason for a considerable Reserve of this kind since the

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memorable date (the 28th of March, i 884), when the
London Gazette announced that the war with Russia had
actually commenced ? For, what are the circumstances

just now ? Have not the Vienna Conferences, whatever
Lord John may say to the contrary, failed—failed to-
tally and egregiously ? Has it not been at length un-
willingly admitted even by our Prime Minister (a states-
man I at one time little thought to be, as he has now
proved himself to be, no less squeezable' than the Whigs
of old), has not Lord Palmerston (thanks mediately
to the Press, and immediately to Mr. Disraeli's motion),
spoken out, at last, plainly enough, avowing that it
would be altogether absurd to count any longer upon
the possibility of a pacific settlement as the result of
further negotiations ? Added to all which, have we not
a double and very material guarantee fur the extension
of the great struggle now carried on between the Allies
and the Autocrat—in two rather noteworthy incidents—
in the extension of our operations in the Crimea, as
indicated by the late successful expedition to
Kertch, and yet further, if that be possible, by
the increased manifestation of a warlike policy
by the French Imperial Governnient ? Napoleon
HI. could hardly indeed have proclaimed the reso-
lute character of his determination to withstand the
daring ambition of the Czar to the very utmost, his
Imperial Majesty could scarcely have proclaimed this
more clearly, more boldly, more unmistakeably than he
has done of late—by the publication, for example, of the
Polish address in the Moniteur—by the sudden removal
of M. Drouyn de l'lluys from the direction of the
Foreign Department so soon as that statesman had
shown himself to have been infected by Austrian influ-
ences—above all by the nomination of General Pelissier
as the Commander-in-Chief of the 80,000 French troops
now encamped before the earthworks of Sebastopol. It is
obvious, consequently, from all this, that the war must
perforce be persisted in with redoubled energy, in order
to bring it as speedily as possible to some satisfactory
termination. It is equally manifest that, this being the
case, and no further hopes remaining of a pacific arrange.
ment through diplomacy, even according to the reluctant
but explicit acknowledgment of my Lord Palmerston—
it is no less manifest that the more energetic prosecution
of the tentest must, sooner or later, result in yet further
destruction of life among our heroic soldiery. Where-
for the accumulation and organisation of a fit-
ting Reserve has become more than ever a neces-
sity ! This Reserve, too, must be no mere sham
Reserve no hastily collected jutrible of raw-recruits,
drilled no further than the goose4tep, armed with no-
thing better than old Brown Bess; and then marched off
to the railway station, to be embarked on the transport
vessel, and ultimately tumbled on shore in the Crimea,
to be herded to the front, mere food for the cannon
balls, and for hardships for which there have been made
no sort of preparation. The Reserve must, on the con-
trary, be a real Reserve—an army in miniature. Let
Aldershott be, as it is proposed to be, the scene of its
"organisation. But, in the name of right reason
and common sense, let the recruits for this Reserve
drawn from some other sources than those to which
the enhanced bounty has already extended its allure-
ments. If our agricultural districts are to a certain ex-
tent exhausted, it by no means follows that the only re-
source then left is that discernable in the squalid and un-
healthy haunts of our manufacturing population. Why
by rigidly adopting this alternative, we have arrived at
such a stage of depreciation already that the Com-
mander-in-Chief has himself avowed, from his place
in the House of Lords, that the recruiting-ser-
jeants have for some time past been collecting
together, not as hitherto, bone and sinew, but—mere
gristle ! That is the declaration, nay the very phrase,
of Lord Hardinge. It is time, therefore, I cannot but
think, Sir, that we should bestirourselves, that we should
eagerly and seriously look about us for the discovery of
some more eligible quarter from which our recruits may
hereafter be derived—so that the country may have some
fair prospect of finding a proper Reserve assembled be-
fore much longer on the Aldershott Encampment.
A suggestion to this end I would Consequently now
presume to offer to your own and, through your co-
lumns, to public consideration. A suggestion which I
am sanguine, if adopted, might prove not only beneficial
to our soldiers abroad, but advantageous to ourselves at
home—tending at once to the substantial improvement
of our army in the East, and to the yet further consoli-
dation of the fraternal ties binding together, more and
more closely, the integral parts of the United Kingdom.
The direction to which my proposition points, is, briefly
then, to the opposite side of St. George's Channel. Is
there not, I would ask, discoverable in the sister island,
a noble Reserve already made to hand in as fine a body
of men as we have in the three kingdoms ; I mean in
the gallant and stalwart band of the Irish Constabulary ?
Recolleot--that body already exists in perfect organism-

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LONDON, MON DAY EVENING JUNE 4, 1855.

lion, and that it is composed entirely of picked and
able-bodied men in the very prime of &es—no mere tag-
rag-and-bobtail,-men without thews or characters, strip-
hogs without stamina, or worn-out old pensioners, with
an insatiable thirst after a stray gill or a casual noggin.
Remember, too, that as with the constabulary,
so is it with the police. Both are at this moment in the
utmost state of efficiency. Both, moreover, are, I can-
not but think, in a great measure available under present
circumstances. Ireland being happily in a condition of
profound tranquility`! Not a vestige remaining there
of political agitation, of Smith O'Brien-insanity,
or Mitchell-inhumanity, of the Repeal-mania, or of
the raving madness of Young-Irelandism. Be-
sides which, the war is no less popular across St.
George's Channel than it has been from the outset in
England, and Scotland, and Wales, and Berwick-upon-
Tweed. As matters are actually carried on at present,
the hap-hazard recruiting amongst our Irish compatriots
results in precisely the same evils as amongst cur Eng-
lish compatriots—the quotient in the sum of substrac-
tion being mere gristle and emaciation. My suggestion,
however, must not be supposel to end here—in the vague
indication of • the Irish Poiice and of the Irish Con-
stabulary. I would make that sufficiently intelligible
hint subservient to some more definite proposition. To
be plain. It wili be borne doubtless in your recollection
that the Rifles have very recently been augmented by a
third or supplementary battalion. There were rumours at
one time prevalent that a similar augmentation might be
looked for—at the period when that very rational change
was effected--rumours that both the Coldstream and Scots
Fusilier Guards (each still composed of merely two batta-
lions) would be placed upon an equality with the three-
battalion'd Grenadiers. That anticipation has not yet been
realised. Might not the expected augmentation, however,
thus, in a modified form, be carried out somewhat effici-
ently ? That is to say—by raising another Regiment of
Guards, distinct from Grenadiers, Scots Fusiliers, and
Coldstreams ! Calling the new regiment—
THE 110Yyr,intsri FUSILIERS -I
e'e-DrAteing the recruits or it directly from- the Tilsh-Con-
stabulary, a proceeding which might readily be accom-
plished within four or five weeks from the date of its
commencement. Once raised, the' new regiment cf.
Guards—the Royal Irish Fusiliers—might be in readi-
ness, almost immediately, to start for the Crimea, there
to join their older compeers the Scots 'Fusiliers, the
Grenadiers, and the Coldstreams. The officers for it
might be judiciously ancrigracefully selected froin other
regiments peculiarly Hibernian in character and already
at the seat of war, reginlents such, for example, as
the 18th Royal Irish, the' 27th, the 87th, and the
88th—some, of them distinguished both of late in the
Crimean, and of old in the Iberian, peninsula. Promo-
tions being accorded by right of merit, and the whole
project completed under the shelter of recent im-
provements and in the light of recent experience.
These, sir, are my suggestions. They apply compre-
hensively to the organisation tf an ample and solid
Reserve to be assembled at the Aldershott encampment.
They apply directly and immediately to the substantial
increase of our forces before Sebastopol. I cannot but
think that twofold advantages might in this manner be
derived at once from the efficient body already existing
under the title of the Irish Constabulary. As to the
raising of an entirely new regiment of Guards out of that
body— a regiment to be numbered among the body-
guards of the Sovereign—that I cannot but conceive
would constitute an attestation of the intimate union,
and blending together of our diverse races into one grand
and absorbing nationality, such as would have been
grateful to the heart of Grattan, and regarded as a boon
even by the fastidious patriotism of the Liberator.
Remember—the old Irish harp, and the red lion of
the Scotch are already quartered on the Royal banner of
England. Let the three great races henceforth be in-
corporated through their representatives in the heroic
Guards of Great Britain--so that more conspicuously
even than hitherto, side by side, Englishman, Irishman,
Scotchman—

" Man to man the world o'er
Shall brothers be and a' that !"
I have the honour to subscribe myself, sir,
CIVIS B RITANNIC lIS.

_ __
__.,_..:..._.____..,...e-

adjusted under the superintendence of Mr. IT. Barlow,
master of the Formidable, which has occupied two or
three days in consequence of so much iron, &c., being
near the compasses ; her sails are bent, &c. Report,
however, says she will soon be off to Liverpool to take
in her two Nasmyth guns, but that they are not ready
for her.
The Tartar, 20, screw, Captain Dunlop, is in the dry
dock No. 3at Sheerness. Her bows have been newly
coppered with very thick copper for the ice. Her main
shaft is out, but the shipwrights have nearly repaired all
her damages. Consequently, we may say that she is de-
tained in the dry dock now by the engineers. Her main-
mast is ready to hoist in immediately she comes out.
The Glutton, 16, screw floating-battery, Capt. Cawing,
is in No. 1 dry dock at Sheerness. Her internal fittings,
&c., are proceeding very fast.
The Trusty, 16, screw, is in Sheerness basin. Me-
chanics are working at her. She is to be got ready with
all despatch.
The Rosamond, 6, paddle, is in Sheerness harbour ;
her bowsprit, which got sprung alongside the coal-hulk,
was taken out on Saturday. She brought three mortar
vessels from Portsmouth.
The Centaur, 6, paddle, Captain Clifford, is daily ex-
pected at Sheerness from Gibraltar.
The Alban, 4, paddle, is in Sheerness harbour. She
returned from C tatham on Saturday, having in tow the
Childers, where she has fitted out.
The Dapper, gun-boat, Lieut. Grant, has coaled, &c.,
and is in Sheerness harbour ; together with the gun-
boats, Lark, Lieut. Pechel ; Stork, Lieut. Malcolm ;
Biter, and Skylark. The Havoc, mortar-vessel, the
Surly, and the Growler, are in Sheerness harbour. Re-
port says these three are ultimately destined for the
Black Sea. The Camel, the Raven, the Beacon, the
Redbreast, the Carron, and the Grappler, making nine
altogether, are also in Sheerness harbour.
The Childers, 12 gun-sloop, arrived at Sheerness from
Chatham on Saturday afternoon, and moored at. Black-
stakes to .take in ammunition, shell, &c., and to have
her compasses adjusted preparato-ry to her departure.
The Powerful, 84, Captain Thomas L. Massey, came
in from the Nore on Saturday last, and was moored off
the dockyard, Sheerness.
The Calcutta, 84, Captain G. Stopford, on Saturday
last was towed down from Blackstakes and was also
moored off Sheerness dockyard.
The Geyser, 6, paddle-wheel, steam-sloop, Commander
Roderick Dew, was taken into the fitting basin, Sheer-
ness, on Saturday, preparatory to her being put into dry
dock. To repair her defects will require from seven to
eight days.
On Saturday a trial was made of the steam-power of
the screw steam-ship Russell, Captain F. Scott. Steam
was got up in a very short time ; she made from 104 to
108 revolutions per minnte with a pressure of 541 b. on
the square inch, and made 73 knots by the patent log.
During the whole trial there was no priming of the boil-
ers, nor anything wrong. The trial has proved that this
ship, with proper fuel, is fully capable of doing all that
was originally, anticipated of her.
The Falcon, 17 guns, screw steam-sloop, Commander
W. J. S. Pullen, arrived at Sheerness at 8 a.m. yester-
day. She saluted the Admiral's flag, which was returned
by the Waterloo.
The following ship-masters (as Baltic pilots) arrived at
Sheerness on Saturday for service in Rear-Admiral
Baynes' squadron :—Mr. M. Morris, Mr. R. Walker,
-Mr. T. Gruby, and Mr. J. Hobbs. They were immedi-
ately sent down by a steam-vessel to the Retribution,
bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral Baynes, riding at the
Nore. The gallant admiral visited the dockyard on Sa-
turday last, accompanied by Captain-Superintendent
John J. Tucker.
A notice is posted at the dockyard gate, Sheerness,
that prepaid letters for the Baltic wia_be taken on board
the Jupiter there on 'Wednesday.
The steam•transport Dee, Master-Commander T. C.
Bullen, has taken in jurymasts and gear and a party of
seamen from the Royal William, at Devonport, with
which she proceeds to Pembroke, for ,the new screw
steam-ship Brunswick, 80. The Rhadamanthus, from
Woolwich, with machinery and stores for the Conqueror,
arrived, in Plymouth on Saturday.
The new screw steam-transport Perseverance is all
a,taunt ; her lower and topmast rigging is being ratlined
down ; she is ,taking in her coals in the. fitting-basin,
Sheerness.

TPRIOE 5D

THE GLADSTONISATION.

The Australian steam-transport landed all her sick and
wounded at Portsmouth dockyard on Saturday, and
sailed in the afternoon for Southampton.
No. 48 transport left Portsmouth on Saturday and
sailed westward.

Arguing that we have had the best offer Russia
will ever make, Mr. Gladstone asks :
" Suppose the Russians attempt another Inkerman ;
suppose 10,000 more Russian troops are laid low with
their dead companions ; or suppose any still more signal
event should occur, do you believe the Russian Govern-
ment either would or could offer you better terms ? I
may be wrong, but my conscientious belief is that such
events would immensely increase their difficulties. It
is quite evident that there is no country in which the
action of the Government is more dependent upon what
may be called national feeling—and such national feeling
is ever strongest when it is allied with religious zeal—
than
Russia. Now, do you seriously believe that we
can intimidate and drive Russia into peace by killing
10,900, or 20,000, or 30,000 more of her troops, or by
taking Sebastopol ? Do you think a nation whose en-
thusiasm was not only not extinguished, but was zaised
to the highest pitch by the filmes of Moscow, when
1,000,000 of men,* under perhaps the greatest general
of modern times, occupied their country, are to be driven
into terms of peace by mere military successes, be they
what they may, gained in the remotest corner of their
territory."
Was this the opinion of Mr. Gladstone when he
consented to the war ? Did he then believe that no
mere military successes in a remote part of her ter-
ritory would force Russia to terms of peace ? If
so, what object for the war and what end did he
contemplate ? and why, above all, did he concur
in the counsels which made a remote part of the
enemy's territory the very theatre of the war,
where successes were to be so barren of conse-
quences ?
If this was his original view it was corrected by
experience, for a main part of Mr. Gladstone's ar-
gument is, that:l-Ile Crimean expedition hai 'in-
fluenced Russia to terms of peace which in his
opinion should be accepted :
"I would ask of those who say that the expedition has
been rash and ill-considered, and has entirely failed, to
observe the facts'l am now going to lay befor) them—to
note the language of Russia in August, 1854, before the
expedition to the Crimea, and to note the acts and lan-
guage of that Power in December, 1854, after'that expe-
dition. I,lholding that military expeditions in time of
war are not to be regarded as ends but as means for the
attainment of ends, am ready to defmd the expedition
to the Crimea. On the 26th Aug., 1854, the Russian
reply was received to the communication of Count,
Buol, and what was that reply ? It was one
which Iwill not quote in extols°, but the effect of it
was that the four points were terms to which Russia
could not consent except at the end of a desperate
struggle and along series of defeats. That was the lan-
guage of Russia in August, 1854. You will say that
there are proofs of her temerity, her arrogance, and her
aggressive spirit ; and, is my opinion, it is impossible to
censure too severely the tone and policy of that Court in
the year 1854; but it is the marked change in that po-
licy, and the adoption of a different language and a dif-
ferent spirit—it is the disposition which she has shown
to meet you, if you will not fly from her and refuse to
meet her—these are the facts which I want to verify ;
and, depend upon it, if we do not verify them now, and
adopt the conclusions which arise out of their verifica-
tion, we shall have to do so hereafter, under circum-
stances probably of a far less favourable nature. Well,
sir, those were the terms of Russia in the month of
August, 1854.
.In December, 1854, only four months
after that answer, and nothing is ,the meantime having
intervened that I am aware of that could act upon the
mind of the Emperor of Russia, except the expedition to
the tCrimea, the battle of Alma, the battle of Inker-
man, and the general circumstances of that cam-
paigu—in December, 1854, the Emperor promised an
unreserved acceptance of those very terms which in the
preceding August he bad contemptuously and continue-
liously.rejeqkqd ; and upon the 7th of January the Rus-
sian plenipotentiary announced to the three Ministers
that he was authorised' to declare that the Emperor of
Russia had accepted the four bases of negotiation in the
terms laid down by the British and French Govern-
mentS."

Now how are the two passages we have quoted
to be reconciled ? If successes have done so much
in the Crimea, what reason can there be for Mr.
Gladstone's opinion that nothing is to be gained by
still greater successes in the same or any other
quarter ? In one breath he told the House of
Commons that Russia had yielded to force what
she had refused to justice, and in another he comes
to the absolute conclusion that nothing is to be ex•
torted from Russia by arms. The cogency of these
arguments is like that which Curran found in a
certain orator's reasoning, and which he resembled
to the cogency of nine pins, one vigorously knock-
ing another down.
There is but one explanation of this monstrous in-
consistency. It is simply that everything that was
done while Mr. Gladstone was in the Govern-
ment was right, wise, and successful, and that
everything since he left the Ministry had gone
wrong. The war to which he consented was just and
necessary ; but it ceased to be either from the time
when he ceased to be responsible foritsconduct. The
Crimean expedition was a means to au end,when
he advised it, but it has since lost any practical
object but butchery, and is struck with barrenness
as to political results. Russia itself is changed by •
Mr. Glad Stone's altered position. The Russia
with which:he had to do as Minister was a Russia,
arrogant, violent, and wrongful in peace, but
amenable to chastisement in the field ; but the
Russia which he describes in opposition is an
equitable Christian Power, which will never yield
anything to force that she has not thought due to
justice. You may cut Russia to pieces now and
extort nothing from her, and yet she is the same
Russia whose terms were so remarkably changed
and abated by Alma and Inkerman while Mr.
Gladstone sat on the Treasury bench.
The character of success in war depends also on
Mr. Gladstone's share in it. The successes with
which he had to do were righteous successes, means
for the blessed end of peace ; but successes desired
since his secession have ceased to be means for an
end,. , and have become immoral, inhuman, and
anti-Christian, void of any other dim than military
triumph. And to clench this argument fast, Mr.
Gladstone rules that nothing is to be obtained from
Russia henceforth by successes, the very name of
which is thus settled to be a misnomer, or lucus a
non.

The embarkation of the A troop. of Royal Horse Ar-
tillery, under the command of Capt. Philpotts, took place
(as stated in The Sun of Saturday) at Southampton on
that day on board the Peninsular and Oriental Company's
screw steam-ship Simla, transport No. 118, Capt. Rus-
sell. The numbers previously stated include a detach-
ment of Captain Travers' company of Royal Artillery,
consisting of 50 men and horses. The embarkation,
which was under the sole superintendence of Captain
Engledue, superintendent of the Peninsular and Ori-
ental Company at Southampton, was most admirably
arranged, and was in every respect as perfect as could
possibly be. The whole of the horses, men, and ap
pointinents were on board, and the gangways removed
from the side of the ship by 3 p.m., although it was not
until the morning of Saturday that the animals and
troops arrived at that pert. Captain Dacres,
Admiralty Superintendent at Southampton, was pre-
sent, and rendered essential service. The Simla was
moored in the inner dock, the waters of which always
retain a regular height, which is highly advantageous in
the embarkation of horses, enabling the animals to be
easily walked on board. The men appeared in excellent
spirits, and the horses are all of a first-class character.
The Simla has been victualled for 400 men for 6 months,
by Messrs. Cooksey, merchants, of Southampton. She
leftf or the Crimea yesterday at noon. The Australian
Steam Navigation Company's steam-ship Australian,
screw transport, arrived at Southampton from Spithead
on Saturda? afternoon. There are now four of this
company's vessels lying at Southampton—viz., the Vic-
toria, Adelaide, Sydney, and Australia, all of which have
rendered useful aid in the transport service. The General
Screw Company's steam-ship Golden Fleece, fitting for
the conveyance of horses at Southampton, is being ra-
pidly proceeded with.

The notion of the public, however, is, that if a
certain degree of success has moderated the inso-
lence of Russia, a larger measure of the same will
bring her to reason and justice.
But Mr. Gladstone asks, what are you going to
do with Russia ? Do you propose, dismembering
her, or raising a war of nationalities. As to the
first, he observes :
"Not only do I think that the hair of the youngest
member among us would become grey before the termi-
nation of such an undertaking, but I believe that the
consequences of such a scheme would recoil on those
who framed it, and that it would be more likely to end
in the discomfiture and ruin of the kingdoms concerned
in the prosecution of it than in that of the empire against
which it was directed, for human extravagance has ever
a tendency to viulent reaction."
We wish this were more true than it w
is,
with
hr in that
case we should not now be waging
war
in the Crimea, nor would Poland and Finland be
provinces of Russia:. Restitution would indeed,
dismember Russia. But Mr. Gladstone, if he had
his way, would secure her, both in the retention
of all her ill-gotten. possessions, and against inter-
ruption in the prosecution of her ulterior schemes
of rapine and aggrandisement. For such would
be the certain effect of peace made with Russia
now on the terms advocated by Mr. Gladstone,
and for the reasons assigned. Suppose, for a
moment, that the opening of the straits to ships of
war of all nations were acceepted as satisfying the
third condition of the allies. France and England
tell the Sultan, we leave the Russian at Sebas-
topol, 'it is true, with his pistol loaded ready at
hand to shoot you on the first convenient oppor-
tunity ; but we have made this excellent stipula-
tion for your safety, that if he should make any
move to put the revolver to your head, you shall
be at liberty to call lustily for help, so that we may
come to your assistance and prevent murder.
As you did at Sinope, might be the Turk's ex-
emplification ; but he may at least fairly be sup-
posed to inquire, " And what will you do when
you again come to my succour ? You say that the
means proposed by Russia are the only means of
settling the question ; that no better terms are to
be obtained by any possible successes. What, then,
will you do if these means fail ? You will not
come a second time on such a fool's errand. Why
should you ? for to what purpose would you waste I
again so much blood and treasure to leave things
again as they were, or even worse than they
were ? You would leave me to my fate. The
Russian knows this full well. Ho knows that the
question is, now or never. Your Gladstone tells
your Parliament to despair of obtaining guarantees

* What authority has Mr. Gladstone for the statement
thatTe
a million of men under Napoleon invaded Russia ?
forca was co asiderably under 500,000, and when
Moscow was fired the army under Napoleon did not mus-
terand was probably in every respect short of the
II" and efficiency of the French troops now before
st
strength
elnlgOt
Sebastopol. This very loose historical reference of Mr.
Gladstone reminds us of his exaggeration of the force of
the Engliqh army in the Crimea, which ho set down when
it was at its minimum before Christmas at 5t,000 men.
Such statements come with startling effect from a gentle-
man who professes to speak by the card, and who has been
in the school of the Exchequer, where figures should be kept apart fro the department of
m the the
of fable.

,
-__\:1,,,,,.
ef ---------,tff_iCm the Czar by, military successes ; and if the
..,,z,,,
( ',:`-' ft: '..,-
*-'ik, /N )" ' • . 1
lowedpeace ubpyoanotoht
he basiser a ct. gorfetshe
ie,
with standing
whatmen menace be
prospect,
`j 1 ' 31
with what shadow of a hope, could you enter on a
-e- ;
si
1 new war to control Russian encroachment? The
~......... :. .4 '1
V.
!f same motives that induce this peace must preclude
war with that Power for ever after, and you must
41P-r-'N4' ' ,'>/ tt-tP .
lay your account with a Russian Court at Constan-
tinople, and with Russian ascendancy throughout
I the world."
Swift has illustrated a phase of human folly by
the Big and Little Endian dispute in Lilliput, but
little could the satirist have imagined that a party
a
woul
ttd
le arise in- this sober country advocating
war.
Li Endian policy—a little end for a great

Mr. Gladstone, who is the mouthpiece r
of the
Little Endians, asks :
" What were the objects originally contemplated ?
They were not so wide as the evil ; for we thought it
too much to attempt the total eradication of the evil,
and for a long time the efforts of the four great Powers
were confined merely to narrowing its limits and hem-
ming it in."
But the objects, not so wide as the evil origi-
nally- proposed, have dwindled down in Mr. Glad-
stone's mind to something so impalpable as a coun-
terpoise in posse against the Russian preponderance
in the Euxine in, esse. What more would you
have, he asks, than the Sultan's absolute control
over the Straits, so that he may call in the fleets
of his allies to protect him against any hostile
movement from Sebastopol; and he holds forth upon
this mockery of a security in the following strain,
treating it as fulfilling all the ends of the war,
and denouncing the farther prosecution of the war,
youc caner
nh erw
divei
fpaaonrrfodtpmetrysesrtehehltaef;hparlstejection of such terms as a great crime :
" Russia, has made known to us another arrangement ;
allraarasfknrg,a
etwAtsdwitdeoryßtoouutshsniaaott?yourselves
question,—
because that other arrangement is ma's° entirely in Europefa-
in her favour,
over the Straits and allowing her a ann fa
voar of . Turkey, it eo manifestly relaxes thti law of
giving her" Vs;Yltiti; control
by unanswerable objections to it, founded upon
them, that I think any Power which ehraed9tcommand proposed that
arrangement to Russia would have
inequality. But I own that those objections Ii
been liable to be met
gvreorossf
plan is adopied and
This much of their force the moment that
prorsed by Russia herself."
hope of suc-
This outdoes Mr. Bright. These were t* ' s too
favourable to Turkey to come with any
cess from the Western Powers—termspreter seem,
but not beyond Russian moderation and self-denial
But where is the advantage to the Porte
,to be
found, under what thimble are we to search for this
invisible pea? Turkey has always had the resource
in time of danger of calling in the aid of her allies,
and what more would the conditions advocated
give 'her ? The Russian preponderarfee. in the
Euxine would remain unabated, but the Straits
would be open at all times to a• counterpoise, that
is to say, if England and France were disposed to
submit themselves to the heavy cost of 'furnishing
that counterpoise: Were they to do so, they would
virtually entail' upon themselves in peace the penal-
ties Of the 'present 'war. Russia would enjoy the
status quo a4te, And we should be for the future
burdened with all'the charge of maintaining fleets
to watch her movements, and restrain her aggres-
sive prpopenSitlei.' 'lt would be the attitude and
cost of war in nominal peace. And this Mr. Glad-
stone regards as the attainment of the object of the
war. For this lame and impotent conclusion half
a million of lives would have been sacrificed. Such havoc can casuistry make with the sense and judg-
ment even of such a man as Mr. Gladstone.
He is never to be trusted when there is a differ-
ence that can be split. How characteristically he
discovers that we have in the Russian proposal the '
first half of the
quar-
relling point, and that we are guar-
rellin for Another fraction. Had he lived in the
days' of Solomon,' his opinion upon the proposal to
cut in two the child claimed by the harlots would
have been very decidedly in favour of the mother's
acceptance of the arrangement. "It is the first half
of your point," he would have argued, "and you
cannot, without a litigious, grasping spirit, putting
you in wrong, hold out for the other moiety of the
child." The arithmetical view of a question of hu-
manity is hardly more preposterous than that of a
great political subject ; and as Lord Palmerston
observed, the value of the thing offkered,, awl the
thing refused, is after all the main consideration
which cannot be worked out by any rule Ofccrtilgar
fractions.
We cannot pass over without remark the can-
dour with which Mr. Gladstone confesses error,
when by so doing he 4stens blame in a larger pro-
portion on his late colleagues. He felt, forsooth,
justly reproved by Mr. Disraeli's strictures cm. the
project for the abatement of the Russian prepon-
derance. . • 1,
This reminds us of a remarkable . case which oc-
cupied one of our Courts a few years ago. A. cer-
tam clergyman, 'who figured in an action for seduc-
tion, thought to set himself right with the irbrld.
by reprobating his own conduct in the very
strongest terms. He called and signed himself the
"scoundrel Frank," said' there was no language
too bad for the worthless wretch that once dis-
honoured the name ho bore ; but that he had
nothing to do with that man except to live under
the same name with him, for that he had since
become regenerate, and had learnt to regard the
former scoundrel Frank, the man of sin, with de-
testation. Mr. Gladstone has had a similar rege-
neration, or new birth to Russia, bat he has this
advantage over the clergyman, so hard on his
former self, that the judgments involvinc, also his
late colleagues serve his present attack on their
counsels. There is an old proverb about birds that
dirty their own nests, but when the bird is out of
the nest, and would not much care to see it upset,
it may answer his purpose well enough to befoul it
inreptite.—.Examiner.'

NARROW ESCAPE. 'PROM - SHIPWRECK
OF 4N EN,OLTSII to.NFIOT alp,•

. . _____;?_____.
The fdllotYing is a CoPY of a donimunication addressed
by Lloyd's surveyoDat Penang to the:Colonial Go'vrn-
ment at Bombay, relative to the escape of .the English
ship Hydroosee, bound 'foil hat Port with c'onvicts "The
barque Hydroosee,'Capt: Troivn, arrived here
from Bombay, with convicts, on Friday last, in a very
leaky condition ; and'havinoe hail to survey her, many
things have come to .my knowledge which I consider
deserving of notice :-1. The meritorious conduct of
the convicts, who have been instrumental in saving the
ship from sinking. 2.. The reckless behaviour of the
Militsry guard, who had been next door to useless the
whole passage ; and 3 and last, the noble conduct of
Capt. Brown from the moment danger was apprehended,
and to his intrepid and indefatigable exertions, under
the most trying circumstances, may be attriliuted the
saving of the ship and all the lives on board—some 200
souls. You will perceive from the extracts of the log
that the ship sprung a fearful leak on the 17th March,
and as the crew wore unable to keep it under, there
was no alternative but to release the convicts and
send them to the pumps, or the ship must have found-
ered. About 200 tons of cargo were thrown over-
board to lighten the ship, which the convicts assisted in
passing out of the hold, and these men worked cheer-
fully at the pumps in their irons, although every chance
was given them of taking the ship, had they been so
disposed, through the negligence of the military guard.
Most of the convicts were transported for life, for ' wil-
ful murder,' and many of `them marked as desperate
characters, So I must leave yutoimagine the feelings
of the captain, surrounded asie was by such a gang
of desperadoes, especially when he was at the pumps
himself lending a hand, the guard, too, lying about the
decks asleep, and their loaded muskets at the service of
I the convicts, had they w Vern. The crew at one
time wanted to take the
.b nil,leave the convicts to
their fate. Captain EroW:i 'Wen threatened, not only to
cut the boats away, but solemnly promised the contents
?E
aofbloi iastrewviotlavoeurst thoisthaerdpearrst,y
and
do
would
deter-
mined manner awed the cowardly set. The boats .
not have nwootuhlidngattbeumtphtitsolowr
haacvaesehoelfdsiankg
Lave been kept
aplelophlaeoutdohsn board, so
dsolorit.
all the pump
andon the leak has so in-
gotten to mention that the ship could not
as
ourarstwe'rimofwtihthe
gafleaoratwaatssecaammpolreetetlhya‘nrotrwno
out,day t
sinkins at her anchofa."
on the beach to keep her from 0
creased since her arrival here tha spe-has been hauled

aulslsidaealmost to , the
er is navigable for
LIE BUG AND DNIEPER. —The rivers Bug and Ddnesieepriepr
.
vaereryndavoiograobflethfreocmritmheeay.eryThheearDt
noifeßp
-r o nT lo
swt ri andc
t e d
803 miles, and empties its waters at Oczakboowu,cbcleoaset t
daily to
the gulf of Perekop, and but 42 miles from the t
gads
isthmus us of
distancePerekop.
.i t The
shores,
rrievse. rTs
he
a Dniester,re virße
lei
and Don, are all open to the carriage of every 6' --'uleper,
Sebastopol
tion of material to the Crimea, and all
the enormous convoys
roads from all those immense rivers Perekop, and
there would appear to be no want
transport. Russia is rich in horsesof the means of land
tion of carriage is pressed
~ and every desCri
Morning Herald. into themilitary.l3-
service.—
The arrivals of specie
to 450,0001. in gold. Th during last week amounted
Vie same extent, but eh* le exports have been about to
y in Silver, the Peninsular and
Oriental steamer Elllle Ifli having taken 460,1001., of
which 34,700/, is gold
and Singapore, arid 4 t r Ceylon, Madras, Hong-gong,
25,400/. silver for Bombay, Madras,
Calcutta, Penang, Singapore, Hang Kong, Canton, and
Shanghai,
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/~~

~_