The Sun.
London, England, 1855-09-11 00:00:00

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METROPOLIS.

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41.1EATICO AN.

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THE 17.N1#13 STATES.

CPR 01,2 4D. STAMPED SD,

the certainty of defeat. That is the condition to which
we entertain no doubt we can reduce Russia, and that
is the lesson which we trust to impress on her heart.
We have but to put forth all our strength, to grudge no
demand on our meat-IF,, and t) be only too thankful that
if the distance of 3,000 miles adds to the cost of the war
it puts us far out of s,ght and hearing. Who would wish
to share so great a strywg/e, and to be the comrade of
heroes, without some part in the cost and the pain
When we have done our part at home, then we shall be
al)le to greet with manly pride the soldiers who have
fought our battles abroad.

PUBLIC EXCITEMENT IN THE

NEW IORK, Aug. 28.—The southern mails brirg
front Mexico news of the most important character.
The revolution against the dictatorship of Santa
Anna has been successful, and the Dictator bin,
83Af has been obliged to fly to Haxannah. The
instalments of money received from tie United
States under the Gadsden treaty have hitherto stir-
ported him ; but at the critical moment, when the
last instalment of 3,000,600 dollars was due, the
United States Minister at Mexico refused, under
instructions, to pay over, and the political enemies
of Santa Anna, instead of himself, will enjoy the
di vision of this sun]. An article in the Acapulco
Restattraclor de la Libertad of Aug. 5, giving the
substance of a letter from Mexico to General Al-
varez, says:—
" The same letter announces that th3re is a strong opp."-
sition existing between the American Minister and the
Dictator, because that functionary, seeing the very critical
circumstances which surrounded the miserable administra-
tion of the tyrant, has refused, in the name of the United
States Government, to deliver to Santa Anna the remain-
ing 3,00J,039 dollars due on the sale of the Mesilla
Vs ley.
Regarding which we positively know that his Excellency
the General-in-Chief Alvarez has solemnly protested
against the payment of this money to the tyrant.'
The San Francisco papers bring intelligence of
the, capture of Petropaulovski, and the successful
retreat of the Russians during a dense fog to the
Amoor. All the San Francisco and New York
journals contain full accounts of the affair.
The various State conventions of New York take
place about this time, preparatory to the autumn
elections. The Old Line Democracy, better known
as Hard Shells, met at Syracuse last week, and
issued an address endorsinr, the Nebraska Bill, de-
nouncing sectionalism, an asserting that union
with themselves or with the republicans is the only
alternative. The Soft Shells, or Administration De-
mocracy, meet at Syracuse this week, and the Re-
publican, or Anti-slavery party, next month. The
native Americansi will manage their affairs more
quietly in their Know-nothing councils. These
movements are important as bearing on the Presi-
dential election of next year. The Hards have
already put forward Mr. Daniel S. Dickinson as
their candidate. The Republicans will be ready, if
thought advisable, to put Mr. Seward in nomina-
tion for anti-slavery support. If the State of New
York takes decided ground on the Presidential
question, and gives an efficient support to any can-
didate, it will have great weight in deciding the
question in a national convention.

Anything like the state of excitement which last night
existed in the metropolis. i❑ consequence of the arrival
of the news of the decisive success of the allied armies
at Sebastopol, has rarely been witnessed. The announce-
ment in the morning papers of the capture of the
Malakhoff was received with unbounded satisfaction,
and created an intense anxiety in the public mind as to
what was likely to follow ; and this feeling matured into
a perfect enthusiasm when the successive despatches
arrived later in the day, announcing the destruction of
the Russian fleet and the fall of South Sebastopol itself.
The impression at first created among all classes seemed
to be that the news was too good to be tine, for the re-
ported capture of the Russian fortress immediately after
the battle of the Alma was not forgotten, and a fear
was entertained by many that there was at least exag-
geration in the reported success of the allied armies upon
the present occasion. The consequence of this doubtful
reception of the glorious news was a rush to the
offices of the evening newspapers, which, up to 11
o'clock last night, could with difficulty meet the de-
mand made upon them, while the news-rooms, coffee-
shops, and public-houses were crowded with people anxi•
ous to read, or hear read, the despatches announcing,
the success ; and it is impossible to describe the enthu-
siasm evinced when it became apparent that the southern
portion of Sebastopol was indeed in the hands of the
allies.
At S o'clock a large crowd had assembled in front of
the Mansion-House and Royal Exchange, in the expec-
tation that the Lord Mayor, in his robes of state, and
with full civic pomp, would make an official proclama-
tion of the victory, as was done, now nearly 12 months
ago, on the occasion of the victory of the Alma. No
such proclamation, however, was made, owing to the
fact that no official intimation had been made at the
Mansion-House by Lord Panmure upon the subject, and
the crowd, after waiting patiently for some time, gra-
dually dispersed.

The bank balances for the week show a great
loss of specie—between $1,300,000 and $1,400,000.
It is not improbable that a temporary panic may
follow this decrease. The bears are active in efforts
to depress securities, and may produce some result
for a few days or weeks; but it cannot be.any thing
serious or permanent. The West is well supplied
with gold, and in case of difficulty will prove a solid
support for the Atlantic to lean upon. The new
arrangements of the Commissioners of Emigration,
by which all emigrants are taken out of the hands
of runners and provided for by the city authorities,
enable them to ascertain with great accuracy the
amount of coin which comes to the country in their
pockets. The system has been in operation only a
short time, but there is reason to suppose that the
addition of specie from these sources amounts to
$15,000,000 or $20,000,000 a-year, most of which
goes to the Western country. This must make
itself felt on the value of property in that quarter,
and on Western enterprises generally. It is un-
questionably one of the causes of the great sales
and high prices of the lands of the Illinois Central
Railroad, which now amount to about $3,200,000,
and promise before the close of the year to reach
$4,500,000.

About 9 o'clock the guns in St. James's-park, as well
as those of the Tower, thundered forth their notes of
victory, and the bells at many of the principal churches
rang out their joyous peals ; while in most of the main
thoroughfares groups of people might be seen standing
around one reading the despatches by the light of street
lamps or shop windows.
At the Haymarket Theatre Mr. Buckstone came on
the stage, between the acts, with the third edition of
The Sun in his hand, and read the despatches which had
been received. The audience rose en, masse, cheering the
intelligence to the echo, and when the orchestra per-
formed " God Save the Queen," and "See the con-
quering Hero comes," demanded an encore.

At the Adelphi, Mr. Leigh Murray announced the
intelligence, likewise from the third edition of The Sun,
which was received with enthusiasm, till the very walls
of the building vibrated from the tempest of applause.
" God Save the Queen," and "Partant pour la Syria"
was played by the orchestra, amid deafening cheering,
and repeated before the audience would allow the per-
formance to resume its usual course.
At the Lyceum Theatre Professor Anderson also an-
nounced the victory from the same source, and the effect
produced was of the same character as that at the two
theatres mentioned above.

The Ohio and Mississippi Railroad promises now
to he completed in a few months. The western di-
vision is again open, and running to Vincennes,
and the third rail will be laid from Sandoval to St.
Louis in about three months. The bonds issued
for completing the eastern division have been sub-
scribed for, and the directors think that within
six months at the outside the trains will go through
from Ciucinnatti to St. Louis.
Some of the New York journals have been pre-
mature in announcing an amicable arrangement
between the New York Central and New York and
Erie Roads. None has been made. Parties are
endeavouring to bring it about, and with hopes of
success. As yet neither road has suffered much
from the contest. The diminished receipts of the
Erie for the last month are accounted for by the
absence of local business, owing to the failure of
last year's crop. The new harvest is beginning to
come in, and next month will probably tell a diffe-
rent story.

The same announcement was also made at most of
the other theatres and places of amusement in the me-
tropolis meeting in every instance with a most enthusias-
tic reception, fully expressing the joy of the people upon
the reception of news long expected, long deferred, but
come at last.