The National Register.
London, England, 1819-01-11 00:00:00

BULLION.

A century since, in January 1719, the Lords Com-
m'Faiouers of Trade and liantations were directed to
lay before the House of Commons, " the Accounts of
Bullion exported to foreign parts, from 1699 to 1715,
distinguishing to what parts such Bullion bad. been ex-
ported, with their observations thereupon.'
At this time, too, several old Treatises were revived,
and new ones pohiishgl, relative to grill and silver.
endearcuring to develops and expose " the real cause
of the present scarcity of gold and silver coin, &e." and
with the purie of giving "true information, to those
in authority, of the r. it state of the case."
It was then proposal to prohibit the exportation of
a': Bullion, and that all should be coined of a certain
a!!lndard, with free liberty- to '.:port such coin, and also
wrought plate.
At that period the par of river with gold was much
above the present; in the East 'oaks and in China 1 4s.
ofsilver were equal to a guinea of gold.
In 171 S, silver was at ss. 9:1 an oz. and at 3s. 1 Id.
The exportation of' silver to the East Indies was much
thought of as injurious and a principal cause of the
scarcity, suppsing it to go to purchase chintz and ca-
lieocß, coffee. tea, china, and japan ware; all then
called "foreign supopities."
Sir Isaac Newton's Report, of a short time preceding
this date, was referred to: 15 ors. of silver were reck-
oned to be the equivalent of one ounce of gold ; and
they were disposed to consider silver as the standard of
value, and gold as merchandise only, and its price re-
lative to silver. variable, as it has ever ban.

The SOs. pieces of gold, coined by Charles I. were
become worth 435. 641-. gold having Advanced :7 per
cut.

Guineas, first coined at the restoration, at ios. had
risen to Qis. 61; but this tide was then turning,
through a scarcity felt of silver, and its increased value
in exchange tvithxeld east of the Cape of Good Hope,
and hy the gold mines of Brazil increasing their pro-
does, while Those of silver in Spanish South America
Lad Wien off

Oa the 21st of September. 1717, Sir Isaac Newton
presented his rerrt, in which he stated, that is l!hina
and Japan, pound of gold being worth but 1011). of
silver, and in Hindustan but 12, was a cause of the
illraria of silver from all Europe.
In Spain I lb. of gold was then worth 1611). of silver ;
the current of sip ver therefore flowed from l'cru, through
Spain and Britain, to the eastern regions.
The price of exportable silver bullion was at that
time (1717-8) 2d. to .Id. an oz. higher than that of
ur silver in coin, which caused the melting or export
ef the current coin. A proclamation at this time at-
tempted to reduce the value of gold, by ordering no
snore than 21s. in silver to be given for a guinea ; hut
the effect produced by this, did not answer to the ex-
pectations formed of it.
In the !rouse of Lords, on the 2.3(1 of January, 1718,
the scarcity of silver money was attributed by Earl
Stanhope—to the increasing luxury of silver plate—to
the exports to the East Indies— and to clandestine ex-
portation to the Continent. in the year 1717, the
East India Company had exported :3,000,000 ors. of
silver, more than all the imports of that year. The
Lords could do nothing in the matter, but " pass a
Bill" to prevent the " inciting down of the silver
species." Their Lordships might with as much effect
have passed another Bill, to prevent the raising up of
the human species.
The current of the precious metals has for some time
past set strongly towards Russia, whither they arc ~one
from London, Holland, Paris, Hamborgh, and r'ller-
hn, in great quantities, to the Imperial Mint at Pe-
tersbusg,h, with a profit very encouraging on this tran-
sit to all who have been engaged in the practice.

Cnited State Papers to the 11th salt have been
reached. Among the further documents communicated
to Congress by the President, is a detailed Report of
the trial of Arbuthnot and Ambrister. It appears from
the conclusion of the proceedings in the case of the
latter, that the court decided he should be shot, but
afterwards considered and revoked the decision, and
ordered that Ire should receive stripes oa his bare back,
and be confined, with a ball and chain, to hard labour
flu. 12 calendar months. Gereral Jackson censured
the ascend, and approved the first, and ordered both
prisoners to be executed without <lclay. If implicit
credit were to a:taelm to the assertion:; of Time Natifkmal
Inielligeneer, a CoMmercial Treaty has been actually
concluded between Great Britain and the United States,
and The New York Gazelle aids, that it is to last ten
years. The time assigned for bringing the treaty to a
termination, the 20th of October, Tenders 'he intelli-
gence highly improbable. asoit was positively announced
by the Pre:.ident in his essage -on the opening of
Congress, that the Treaty was then, the 16th of No-
vember, under pending negociation.
The price of grain continues to fall in most of the
departments of France, and the Government has in
consequence been called upon to allow it to be exported.
A similar fall has taken place in Germany.

Tl-t 1 NATIONAL REGISTEIt

THE REVENUE.

OFF1(.1 11. sTATENIF.N'r.
Abstract of Ihr Nic l'io.lnce of illy iterenne of Great
Briiain, for 41. e Unaricr% emlnr.; 5111 JAII. 14114 and 1819,
respettivety,racin.ive of shiver of IVar Dutie.:-
15113. 1819.
Customs - - • .C. 3.0,7,412.1 f!,4,,5,1,44
- - 5.499.6,e 64:04,040
Stamps . 1,366,552 1,5311,33 i
not Oakc . . - 319,1,00 319,0n0
As .:,N1 T:txes 2;430.017 2405,778
I•anai:l,3e, 5:35.4.14 408,314
Niicalantous - • •e 35,518 133,381

£.13.171464 15. 1. ,593,76
The above is eheering %tateniriii, upon whirl' we take
leave to congtclula e the piihlie.
Cc% roms.—lt appear. 11111411 the eninpifra•i%e view of the
Cii.tone.', Revenue for the two cot reel .111111 Q11,1f1C1.4 that
there has been a Irss reeeipt iii 111. Qom ter jiht expir%fl than
In tie rorrespontling (In:crier last year; loot that Quarto
an ailed 11% au 11111Icipt1Ied pa% inent 112011 %niter t•
the amount of *boot 7Ui1,000L1 which wound ,ICII*I in' nut
have beet. paid till the next or the following Qiuti ter. De-
do ling, theiefore, this Stllll front the Quarter enfled 501
January ISM the receipt of the Quarter ended on Tivesday
exceed tit it of the eorrespiiii,ling Quilt ter.
Exeisx.—The 'net e a•in the Quarter joie expired beyond
the e..treapaioling Qom ter, is 73s:itici/.
STAM CA.—Under this hr.ld 111. r.• Is II decrease, but 141 a
very trifling 1111 l nt —about 36,00a1.

004 T 017FICIL rr•reipa e!'tue two quartets is exactly
the same.
AssysxLm 'rixes.—There is an inerea,e of 13,7611. be'
youth the corresponding emitter.
I,xxnTaxes.—Ati increase of :1,7021. beyond the Quarter
last year.
hlticat.vseors.—tlntler tithe head there is a difference
of above 120,0001. in favour of the corresponding Quarter
Last year, but this is to be attributed to a large repayment of
iinprest monev.
The who:e garner presents an excess of 126,9971. beyond
the Revenue of the corresponding Quarter last Near, niaieli
was deemed a very productive one, and a hit h, if we reeol-
Feet right, afforded an opportunity for jinni :dill,: some predic-
tions by no wails favourable to the Quarter just ended—
how well they have been verified are now show.
The dt•tieteory upon'this Qom ter, we repeat (this being
the large half-year's paylowiit of dividends), is about
1.279.0301., I Than was autieipated.
• 'rids sum includes between 000,000/. and 'it aoco/. paid up in
anticipation of the sugar duties, which would not, in the ordinary
cour-e of paymont, have been received till the next, or the follo.viug
quarter. The Mivellaturous also includes a large incident-11 repay-
lut:ut of imprest money.

Slvr:rcvn DISCOVERX.—The Nlll'ene,el,, Correspondent of
the 20111 ult„ givr the fallowing as authentic:—" A hat
maker, of Cassel, named alaulich, has discoverer' a method
of inieufactut iii; felt so as to make It impenetrable to the
.troke of a sabre in the hands Af the strongest cuirassier, and
even to a musket-ball. This fact has been proved lay nt 1111 l .r-
OilS 'Ws. He offered to discover the secret to our Govern
mein fob a suitable secompence, but no attention was paid
to it. A report of this invention, huwever, reached rst.
Petersburg, and Mr. Maulich was invited to present himselt
to the Empei or of Russia at Aix .la-Chapelle. The Russian
Geeserals being satisfied ~f the truth of his assections, he has
been invited to establish in Russia a manufactory of this
felt upon the most liberal Perms."
A COMMON kwon!— Mary Davis was lately tried befote
the Baltimore City Court, on an indictment as a Common
Scold! The Jury, after a consultation of au hour and a halt;
returned their verdict of Guilty.—The punishment for a
" Common Scold,- agreeably to the law of Baltimore, is a
public ducking!
SIMMARY Jt'srice.—lt is stated in The American Village
Recorder, that a pedlar at Easton was discovered to have
two negro children in his Call. gin examination, one of
the littie sufferera was found to have been crammed in,
such a manner, that his ear was rubbed off! The people
indignantly rose and cut off the fellow's ear.—" I am 110
advocate," adds The Recorder," for the violation of the laws,
but from my heart I can't feel sorry for
The writer of a {ratter from Port Jackson, (New Smith
Wales) lately received at Plymouth-dock, says—" The work
here is not hard ; the hours ore (*lcon six to three. Rich
and poor can do nine,' better here than in England ; the
country abounds in fruit; peaches Id. per dozen; meat Td.
per lb.; wheat ss. per bushel; fowls (alive) 2s. bd. per
couple. The fruits are so abundant that swine are fed in
them. New South Wales holds out such advantages to per-
sons of industry and character, that I shall never think of
returning to England. Plenty of fish here, bat none of them
resemble the fish of England, except the mullet sail bream.
" The river Hawki:lniry is broader thau iiiinioase, and
sometimes rises 40 or 50 feet, overflowing all its banks. A
late iminilution has been productive of considerable nti-chief
to the harvest. it is dreadful to a contemplative mind to
observe tier distress of both vexes here, in one of the fittest
soots on the globe, arising from the abominable practice ef
drinking rani to excess, to obtain which nu metros arc lett
monied. No Mall's house is safe ; you are stare of having
your premises robbed, unless a person is left iir them as a
guard during your absence. Tire Methodist connexion, of
which I ant a member, is very small; Mr. Lee is thepreaeher,
a very pious, goo,' man. Sunday--choills are estahlislied, ne
well as a school wherein 40 girls are clothed and supported.
The Gave r oor of this place, and his lady, are both from
Devonshire. A party Fws lately been despatched across the
Rate hlotititains to explore the countiy, but lid news 114 s
arrived from them for these two months. When the news or
the death of the Princess Charlotte arrived here, the glum-
batteries at Port Philip, &c. fired minute guns, and the belts
dled au hour at sun rise and von-set. The gentry encoded
the Governor to church in deep mo. ruing, ege."
in the village of Katsehatiowka, in the district of Liskinsh,
in Russia, a location woman was lately delivered of a ahid,
ha, big tour banal. and four feet. Its LiAly, lions the breas:.
Was divided btu two parts joined to each other. The child
its btkpliZtd, rind lived two days.: the moths r was in nu
danger whatever. Lt imramatice of a law ul Pelcl
rive to these kind of phenomena, the hod; was item to Pe
tershurgh, to be deposited in the cerrisiet of the Imperial

Academy of SCICFICI.A.
A JewiNit Merl Willi I.oto liataboralt baring recently, in it
ht of otelancht.l„ eto hi. tliront ut .to too tat Flaw:fort, they
were aoitte, Reek/1(1.0g to toe trotge of the Coy, to gi • I. WO
i.luJy to a Theatre of Anatomy ; hot the Hebrew Cortatnottity
ureliaiied it for 5400 florins, iu order to bury It iu their own
0( metry.

JAN 11

LAW INTELLIGENCE.

COURT OF KING'S BENCH, JAN. 7.
Bunx ANAO ()THERA, ASNIONEEAOF UEN:3O?: AND IWax.

V. VIRQt7IIAR.

This was an action upon the caw for lova sla of warrantry in the
performance of a contract. fur the pi rcha,c of ;260 pipes of HA
Sfianialt Wine. appaidcil by the defendant to be goad and merchant-
able. but which turned wit to be .our and unmercluantabl. • whereby
the platatiffi !wit. upon the re-bal.! of the voila. t.is7l. mt. td.
Tae circani Welt of the en lc.. as stated by %t r. Marryat, and ans.
trine,' in evidence, wet ai tAlow
_ _ .

.lessrs. Beason. Mint and Co. were Wine Merchants, resbling in
Imadon, aid were in the habit of supplying wine fur the use of his
NlfOrsty's Army and N.,vy. great rout of which was procured from
Spain. In the year 1a,:9 the planuffs etunlnyed the defendant, then
residing in Gibraltar, as their nwnt, to purchase Catalonian and
other Spanish wines ; and as at that time great part of Spain was
oectipied by French troops, who were extending c• ery where, and
were approaching Cataluna'. it was apprehended that the usual sup-
ply from that province to England would he cut off: Considerable
numbers of Spaniards, who vrere proprietor, of vineyards, had taken
refuge in the garrison of Gibraltar ; and the plaintiffi, desirous of
purchasing as much wine and brandy as could he obtained Irons
Stain at the time, as a considerable advance in the prices was all.peel...tided front the titcnmstances above mentioned, wrote to the
defendant. and commissioned hint to purchasie to the amount of'. or
600 alas of good and men:lntatable wines and blandiss. on the best
tuna he could effect, end ship then: as rapidly a, pw,sibie for England;
directing hint at the same time to send them in new casks, to have
several rahlitional hexaps of iron on each, and to have the wines forti-
fied with brandy. as they were nsully light or thin wines, to came
them to keep on the voyase. offering at the sante time to the defend-
ant, that if he eltdd nut undertake the commission, he was to hand
it over to another person. The defendant accepted the commission
and en4aged to fulfil it; and wrote to the pi:sniff,. stwing that he
would take a share in the adventure if the consignmna ,hwald land
To this the plantiffiansweisl, by slating it was better for ohn to rest
content with his commission. as it was not worth wi ile to confuse
accounts for the sake of the small prolts that might accrue hem
I the snail share he ptoposed is take in the acksenitue, but desiring
him to do the best be solid, promising they should always be
satisfied with what he should do for them. and leaving him at
fall discretion to act for their intere,t, to the best of his power. Ths
defendant arum ding!), purchased and cmodgned to them on beard the
ship Process, 460 pipes, and 3K hogsheads of Catalonian wine, which
he mated to be good and merchantable, and which he invoiced at
Y 1731. Is. sd. being 361. per pipe; and the charges of pi image, t reight,
and other cons, amounte to 11311 19s. Yet. But en the arrival of
the Pmtens, the cargo of which the plaintiff had add while on her
voyage, the wine was so very inferior, being pricked and un mtrehant-
able, the purchasers refusal to take it. awl they were obliged to sell it
fax exponntinit to South America. at 151. per pipe. l although *hey
had accepted and paid the drafts of the defendant to the full amount
already stated. The wine was in old casks, great quantity was is con-.
sequence lost by leakage, and the quality mjnred by cue consequent
idle : neither did it appear that it was sufficiently fortified with
hrtoilly for the voyage, as directed; and there was every re ,son to be-
lieve, that the wine was, at shaping, of a very inferior quality to
what was ordered by the plaint, and warranted by the d fondant.
The house of Benson anti Co. had commenced a former action against
the defendant fur the recovery of the loss thus sustained by his neg—
ligence. but became batik aipt, and the assignees(of whom t lie present
plaintiff, a partner in the house, was one) renewed the action for the
benefit of the estate. . . . .

Mr. Scarlett, for the defendant, contended, that the me ren t action
could not be maintained, inasmuch as the transaction on which the
action was founded took place near ten years since, whereby the de.
fondant was prevented front bringing forward such evidence as could
have clearly proved, had it been brought to trial sooner, that there
was no negligence whatever on his part. and that he had faithfully
performed his duty. Neither was it probalde to infer any failure on
his part. as he was a partner in the vulture, and must be equally lia-
ble to loss with the plaintiff. in case of its failure ; and further, that
the had quality of the ainc wan not to he imputed to any negligence
on hi, part, but to the failure of the vintage in the preceding year,
which was generally had in Spain.
Mr..lustiee Ilolroyd summed tip the evidence for the Jury; ob-
serving. that although the lapse of time since the cause of this action
accrued was no bar to the action itself, still to long a delay must ne-
cessarily debar the defendant of the opportunity of bringing forward
many witnesses for his detlnce, to disprove any negligence on his
part, and .o chew that lie had performed his contract to the hest of
his power, which must have afforded much more satisfactory evidence
to &Jury than any thing he could now be able to adduse. Ills Lord-
ship then desired them to couple this consideration with the whole of
the testimony, which he summed up accurately, and find a verdict_ to
the hest of their judgment.
The jury, without any delay, found for the defendant.

The following are the Rllltß Nilich that Weltly esteemed
Judge Sir 11Iatthew Hale, set to loinselt akt the entry Mit) Ili(
employment of a Jodge (and Nhich ate stattd by Dish, p
But nett, his historian, to have been copied from the oligiutil
under his own hand):

."Chings necessary to be continually had in remembrance.
1.. That in the adnimietration of Justice I am intrusted for God,
the King, and Country ; and therefore,
Y. That it be done-1. Uprightly. Y. Deliberately. 3. Reso-
lutely.
3. That I rest not upon my own understanding and strength, but
implore and rest upon the direction and strength of God.
4. That in the execution of Justice, I carefully l.ty aside my own
passions, and not give way to Man, however provoked.
5. That I be wholly intent upon the business I seen about, remitt-
ing all other cares and thoughts as unseasonable, and interruption&
6. That I suffer not myself to be prepossessed with any judgment
at all, till the whole business and both parties be heard.
7. That I never engage myself in the beginning of any canoe,
but reserve myself unprejudiced till the whole be heard.
s. That in business capital, though my nature prompt rile to pity.
yet to consider that there is also a pity due to the country,
9. That I be not too rigid in matters purely conscientious, where
all the harm is diversity of judgment.
10. That I be not biassed with compassion to the poor, or favour
to the rich, in point of justice.
il. That popular, or Court applause, or distaste, have no luta-
ence into any thing I do in point of distribution of instice.
It. Not to be solicitous what men will say or think, so long as
keep inyeell exactly according to the rule of justice.
13 If in criminals it be a measuring cast, to imiline to mercy and
acquittal.
14. In criminals that consist merely in words, when no more herrn
ensues, moderation is no injustice.
15. In criminals of blood, if the fact be evident, severity is
justice.
16. To abhor all private solicitations, of what kind soever, and by
whomsoever, in matters depending.
17. 'Co charge my sfrvants-1. Not to interpose in any business
whatsoever. 2. Not to take more than their known fees. 5. Not
to give any undue precedence to cause*. 4. Nut to recennuend
Counsel.
18. 'To be short and sparing at meals, that I may be the fitter Ibe
business.

sem. time sinee a Messenger to the India Beard, a man
:Hearn-eel ht yr..re, With d large foeill), iljd the tne.fet tone to
break Lis thigh ; Mr. Canning on healing of hie calamity, „V'
nerousi). sent !Lin 501.

JAN. 11

1.11 PO 14! TAN T DECISION.