The Sun.
London, England, 1855-03-19 00:00:00

treat her young ones—first bringing them up in
the eyrie, far above the vulgar species, then drop-
ping them in mid-air to sustain themselves as
they best may above the world below them. The
consequence is, he tells us, " that there is not a
profession or occupation which does not swarm
with industrious, intelligent, and earnest younger
sons, whose industry was stimulated, and whose
intellect was excited, by the knowledge that they
must depend on their own exertions." Capital, this,
to be sure! Had the Hon. Member forgotten the
Committee which sits in the morning ? Or was
he quite oblivious of the little fact that the coun-
try is universally cursing the system which hasfilled
the civil service and the army appointments with
younger sons," and demands as the first of reme-
dies that the idleness and incompetency of these
young outcasts of primogeniture shall not take
precedence of the industry and intellect of the
classes who take no account of their great grand-
fathers ? The Solicitor-General must really un-
learn the lessons of Lord ELDON, if he wishes to
convince the country now.
The other notable illustration of aristocratic
assurance was the rejection of Mr. WILLIAMS'
proposition, certain to take the form of an Act
of Parliament some day, for subjecting real pro-
perty to Probate Duty, equally with personal
property. Here the new Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer was the selected champion of aristocratic
exemptions—the aristocracy having first attempted
in vain the dodge of a count out. The constitu-
tion of the ecclesiastical courts, which can only
deal with the probate of personal property, was
his first objection, as if there were no serious wish
to abolish those nuisances altogether, and to sub-
stitute a court competent to deal with real pro-
perty. His next argument was, Mr. GLADSTONE ;
—he had proved that landed property was more
heavily taxed than real property—an argument
which has merely the unfortunate defect that Mr.
GLADSTONE can prove anything. He could prove,
for instance, that there were 30,000 bayonets after
the Battle of Inkerman, when the Duke of CAM-
BRIDGE, on the spot, could make out, with every
one besides, not more than 12,000 or 13,000.
Of course his arguments appeared perfectly con-
clusive to a House so largely composed of sons
and other connexions of peers, who were
what they were in virtue of aristocratic ex-
emptions. Neither the inherent injustice and
inequality of the present law, nor the addition of
2,500,0001. per annum to the revenue by the
simple expedient of one law for all, could gain a
majority for Mr. WILLIAMS. The late editor of
the Edinburgh Review re-edited most successfully
the works of Mr. GLADSTONE.

THE NEGOTIATIONS AT VIENN_

VIENNA, March 15.—At about half-past one this
afternoon the Vienna Congress was opened. Shortly
after one o'clock Arif Effendi, the Turkish Ambassador,
and his adlatla, Riza Bey, made their appearance at the
Austrian Foreign-office, where they found Count Buol
and Baron Prokesch-Osten ready to receive them. Then
came the Russian plenipotentiaries, Prince Gortschakoff
and M. de Tito Next arrived her Britannic Majesty's
plenipotentiaries, the Earl of Westmoreland and Lord
John Russell ; and lastly, Baron de Bourqueney.
the French ambassador and plenipotentiary at t'ute
Court, made his appearance. The members bf the
Congress thus assembled were then conducted to one of
the principal drawing-rooms in Count BP:ol's residence,
which had been arranged for the purr;:ose. There were
eleven chairs placed around the green board." His
Excellency Count Buol-Schaue:iistein occupied the pre-
sident's chair, and opened the solemn proceedings of
the Congress with a brief but very impressive speech.
Baron von Meysenbug officiated as secretary. From .
the above recital you will observe that Turkey,
England, Russia, and Austria are each re-
presented by , two plenipotentiaries, and France
only by one ; consequently there were present in all
nine plenipotentiaries and one secretary. For whom
the eleventh chair was intended at the "green board" I
have yet to learn. Peradventure it is kept vacant either
for Ali Pacha, who is still expected from Constantinople,
or for a representative frem Prussia, although the latter's
entry into the assembly appears to be postponed sine die.
In competent quarters it is stated that the respective
members of the Congress have pledged themselves to
each other to keep the proceedings of the Congress
strictly secret, and the semi-official Aueriam Correspon-
dence has also been condemned to an absolute silence
upon this subject.

LATEST NEWS.

VIENNA, MARcrr 18.

TilE FLAG OF TRUCE' AT TILE MALA-
KOFF TOWER.

A letter from Sebastopol of the Ist gives the
, following details concerning a short truce which
followed the affair of the Malakoff Tower :
" On the 26th ult, it was arranged that a detachment
of each army should proceed to bury the dead. Both
parties met accordingly, and on the French side it we.s the Zouaves who were detached for that service. They
advanced under a flag of truce towards the batteries of
the tower, and the Russians did the same, While the
men were at work, a long conversation took place be-
tween the Russian officer who commanded the detach.
ment, and the major of the trenches of the 3d division.
We learnt that, of the five officers of Zouaves who had
disappeared, on:y one, Capt. Pierre, was still alive.
Capt. Lesage, w'ao had been taken prisoner, had had his
leg amputated at Sebastopol, bat had not survived the
operation. The Russian officer behaved in a very gen-
t'eman-like manner, anal used the most honourable terms
in speaking of our unfortunate companions. He also
mentioned that an officer of marines was amongst the
prisoners. He gave some interesting particulars re-
specting the funeral ceremony which had taken place at
Sebastopol on the burial of our officers. They were
taken to their last home with all the honours due to their
rank, and a large body of troops were called out for the
occasion. Ca,pt. Pierre had been entrusted with the
melancholy duty of directing the funeral ceremony. The
same Russian officer took leave very politely as soon as
the work for which the short truce had been granted was
concluded."

The Parliamentary soiree closed by a well-sus-
tained aristocratic charge on the Men of Cotton.
A new Ten Hours Bill was the occasion selected.
Some Radicals, indeed, seemed to take the lead.
The large majority, however, 101 to 109, con-
sisted chiefly of good and. tried Tories. Corn
can beat cotton yet if it likes. Altogether aris-
tocracy was in high feather on Thursday ; it gave
Radical honesty and common sense two right-
down drubbings, and also let the cotton lords see
what it could do if it only choose to put forth its
power. Some of the stronger sighted, however,
must have perceived Crimean ghosts hovering
over these Parliamentary triumphs of aristocracy.

Poor unfortunate Poland, under whatever task-
master, NICHOLAS or ALEXANDER., seems doomed
to suffer the most revolting injuries. It was not
enough that she had lost a position among nations
—that she was absorbed in a semi-barbarous em-
pire—that her noblest and best were exiles—that
her rising population were trained to forget her
history, and that the aspirations of their fathers
were held in abeyance by the terrors of the fusil-

lade, the knout, and Siberia—it was not enough
that the industry of the people was taxed to the
utmost to strengthen in effect their oppressors in
their tyranny : there was another bitter drop, the
bitterest of all, left in store for her—her brave
Poles must be compelled to fight for Russia !
Perhaps in the whole history of oppression there
is nothing more revolting than this. To suffer
under ordinary tyranny has something redeeming
in it ; but to be compelled to fight for your tyrant,
to strengthen the chains by which you are en-
thralled, is to be made to participate in your own
degradation and ruin. And yet to this has poor
Poland had to submit. In pursuance of a policy
positively diabolical in its ingenuity, the country

has from the commencement of the War been
drained of its able-bodied men, who have been
incorporated with Russian regiments and pushed
forward to the various scenes of conflict.
Did any show a symptom of dissatisfaction ? A
file of men, with powder and ball, and his demon-
strations were over ! Russia has felt from the
first that Poland was the weak spot of the empire ;
hence a vast force has been concentrated in it, and
the fighting population have been made away with
as we have described. " Order "isto " reign at
Warsaw," and the work still goes on. Though NICHO-
LAS be dead, the CZAR lives, grasping, insatiate,
remorseless. Nay, under ALEXANDER, it acquires
fresh atrocity. The levies, we now gather from
a late telegraphic despatch, are becoming nocturnal.
The unfortunate Poles, we believe, of every class,
are dragged at the dead of night from the bosom
of their wives and families, to fight the battles of
their oppressor. In vain is their resistance—in
vain are their protestations—their fate is sealed;
they must march or die. And so run out the
sands of Poland—so dwindle away the most effec-
tual means of bridling and restraining Russia
offered to Europe ! Blind statesmen—cunningAus-

tria. Order must soon roign in Warsaw, and that

with a vengeance!

POST-OFFICE DIRECTORY OP ESSEX, HERTS,
KENT, MIDDLE4SEX, SURREY, AND SUSSEX.
KELLY AND CO.

Commercial and professional men, and others,
having business transactions or connections of any
sort with the above counties, will readily appre-
ciate the value of a work of this kind, having the
information required brought up to the latest date,
and that information, so tar as we can discover,
at once accurate and clearly and concisely con-
veyed. The last edition of the Directory was pub-
lished in 1851, and since that period the changes
which have taken place, owing mainly to the faci-
lities of railway communication, have been very
great, so great, indeed, as to rend©r the appearance
of the present edition peculiarly welcome. Some
idea of the increase of population may be obtained
from the fact that, notwithstanding many of the
suburban districts, such as Clapham, Brixton,
Camberwell, Kentish Town, Daleton, Kingsland,
tisc., have been tranferred to the London Directory,
the present edition of the six home counties con-
tains 200 pages more than the last. The general
arrangements remain as before, but the Index has
been considerably enlarged, references being given
to places much more minute than were previously
mentioned. The external Index is formed by
means of coloured edges, boldly lettered, a mode
so universally approved of by all who use the Lon-
don work ; and the number of subdivisions being
smaller, the Messrs. Kelly have been enabled to
adopt a simpler form. The Directory for each
county is accompanied by a valuable and compre-
hensive map, showing, among other things, the
respective railway routes ; and of the entire work
we may say it is admirably got up, and reflects the
greatest credit on its authors for their zeal and
conscientiousness.

A GENTLEMAN SENTENCED TO THE TREADMILL.—
The Cork Examiner states that Mr. Grice Smith, of
Castle Widenharn, a gentlena2n of high position and large
fortune, has been committed to gaol for a month, and
sentenced, to hard labour on the treadmill, for having one
night torn down the gates of several gentlemen and
wrenched off the kuoolierv.

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, MARCIE 19, 1855.

BERLIN, MARCH 18TH.
A Doctrinal levy of recruits was made through-
otit Poland on the night of the 13th inst.
The proximate cause of the death cf the Em-
peror Nicholas was the receipt of the telegraphic
despatch announcing the defeat of the Russians at
Eupatoi ia.

A second meeting of the Conference took place
yesterday. The first protocol was confirmed. It
contains the interpretation of the four points as a