The Sun.
London, England, 1855-05-10 00:00:00

PITH SUN, LONDON; rITTJIRSDAY-InVENrING-, MIAY JO, 1855.

- -
- .Iti k% RAILIVITS.

NEWMARKET RACES
(THIS DAY.)
(BY ELECTRA,' TELEGRAPH.)
JOCKEY CLUB PLATE.

Asin,
OOmpart F

I
lotom erice, Uu+i• ess
this day. this day.

.4."l'd And

rgnidou
V, w-1
L. &N. W.
Un. h.

B 1 etch ley
Bnekghamsh.
aydesdale
Col. Stour Vy.
Sud. and llal.
E. Lincoln gr.
6 per cent.
Glas. Barr. &
Neils. Direct
Do. New
Glstr.& D n. Fr
Hrtlpl. Dk. &
Railway .
Hull & Selby
Do. Shares.
Do. Shares.
Lon.&Greenw
Do. Preference
Lon., Til. , & S.
Lowestoft gr.
4 per cent.
Do. 6 per ct.
Manch. Bxtn
and Matlock
Middlesbro' &
Rodcar
Mid i d. Bradfd
Newm arket
Bury- Exton
Northern and
Easternsp.c. E. Count.
Do. 6 per ct. Do
Do. Fixedsl,, e Do
Prest. & Wyre L. &N. W
an&yi,

;I
P 6 e•
,
96

Gt.Nrtim.
Caldonian,

13 - E 35

11331

Fact' .............
Pa9trycook ........

Do
Gt. Weer
irk. New
Berw
Y. EtNn
Do
Do
S. Easter
Do
Peto & Co

106 - 108

Two ran. 50 to 3on Alastor.

- 13
23 - 24
11 -

LATEST BETTING.
DERBY.
11 to 2 apt Lord of the Isles
7to 1 afkt De Clare (offered)

Norfolk...
Do,
I.&N.W
Midld.
Stekton
Darlingt.
Nfidland..

2a ‘a

••• - •••
92 --- 94

OLD COURT.
(Before Mr. Justice Cresswell.)

lEn. Conn.

ip par
57 59

Do. Shrs. A
Roystn.k Hit.
Shef.Roth and

Do..
Gt North,
laancam;:s&

lio := 333

Gooleg.sp.c. Vorksb. ...
Shrews. &Her T. Brassey 71
S. Staffordsh. Vl.MClean .21
Wear Valleygr Stockt. &
6 per cent Darlingt
Do Oo 3li
Wilts&gomrstleitWestn. 8S

- 241

MINES.
1 all Agua Fria . .
1 all Anglo Austrin. Gold
10s. all Anglo Californian 4
20 6 Australian 1
1 all Australian Cordillera
1 all Ave Maria •—
1. all Baden (Gd. Duchy or
.4
• all Bla3narvon Iron and
Coal
`,5 British Iron 4— 6
Brazilianlmp.(issued
at £5 pm.)
10 all Do., Cocaes & Cuiab 2) 3
15 Do. 3t. John Del Ro3 31 -- 33
1 i Carso Creek
1 Clarem ton Cons. Min
Co. of ~ Tama" X 56
0 all Cobre Cop:ve.,r 54 56
5 1 Colonial Goi
t. all Copper Min. 91 Eng 30 40
. pa
5 all Do. Pref. 74 p. tent 2d r
16
5 all English and Aus tin.
Copper Smeltg 14 —l4 14
2 1 Fortuna par —ip
all General 144 164
I all Gt.NuggetVeinßeg —
all Great Polgooth. —la 1
all Liberty . ••
all Linares . •7
711
i 1 Lusitanian g
I all Mariquita ........ g— 8
I all New Granada --
all New Linares Mining
and Smelting Co ••••
all Nouveau Monde —• §
all Pontgibaud Silver
Lead Min. & Smelt. 144 154
1 Port Philip I - 4 •
all Quartz Rock
I all Rhymney Iron lll 21
all Do. New 5 6
124 Santiago de Cuba...„ 51 —6. i
all South Australian 8
Tin Croft.., 2 3
all United, Mexican 6 - kqi 64 I
all Waller
-
all West Mariposa
12s. Wortlaing Mining of
Australia
all Yuba..

30
20
1
1

40
5
St.
25

The Recorder said that Hooker could only be consi-
dered as an accomplice, and therefore he should at once
direct the jury to find Price not guilty, and further, that
the evidence was not sufficiently confirmatory against
Williams.

The jury found both the prisoners not guilty.

THIRD COURT.
(Before Russell Gurney, E3q., Q.C.)

Alfred King, 21, labourer, John Grimes, 18, book-
binder, Henry Esqulent, 26, wood cutter, and William
Caddick, 20, hat maker, were indicted for stealing a
chest and 20,000 envelopes, the property of Charles

Morgan.
It appeared that the prisoners, some of whom were
last night convicted of a similar offence, belong to a
class of fellows who bang about the carriers and inn
yards in the garb of porters, and carry off what they
oan. In this instance the envelopes had been sent from
the prosecutor's, who is a stationer in the City, to a cus-
tomer' at Portsea, and bad been stolen from a cart in
the Old Bailey, in its transit to the railway.
The prisoner Caddick was stopped carrying
the chest, and was just about entering a notorious
resort of thieves in Gray's-inn-lane, where all the pri-
soners lived.
The jury acquitted King, and the other prisoners were
each sentenced to twelve months' imprisonment and
hard labour ; Grimes and Esqulent baying been each
sentenced to four years' penal servitude for the offence
of which they were previously convicted.

PREFERENCE SHARES.

100 I % berdeen
100 IDo. No. 2, 7 p. c
all filyth and Tyne I ()poi
c. pref. (issd. at 50/'
Bris. & Er. 4 p. c. St.
Do. 4 p. C. Shares
oaledonian £lO
':'hester & Hol7head
Guar. 54 per cent,
Do. do. Pref. No. 2
Do. do. Pref. No. 2
Cork &Bandonsip.( ,
Dun.Prth .& Al er.i.
'AI. Anglian Cli.. A Sh.
Jo. do. C s. B 6 p. c.
Do. do. Cls. C 7 p. c.
Eastern Countiet, Ex
tension,s p. c. No. I
Do. No. 2
Do. New 6 r. c. Sl.,
East Un., G. 6 p. c
Do. 5/., 10 ner cent.
Do. 101. Delientr.Sl,.
Do. do. 4 per cent...
.i',ast Lancash. 6 p. 44..
ii-I.&W. York. J. 5 ths
,OA. Prth.&Dun.4p.c.
FurneQs
;las. & S. W. 0.5 P. c
Great Northn. 5 p. c.t
th, 6 p. c. Redeem ,
at 10 p. c. prom...
Do. 4:1 p.,
Do 5 p.c. Scrip, Red.
nt sp.e.pm ••
(R. N. of Scot. Ist Prot
(it. S. & W. (Ireland)
Do. 4 per C. Pr. t. St
(it. Westn. (perks &
Hants Er. 5 p. c)..
Do. con. red. 4i p.c.
Do. con. red. 4 p. c.
Do. irred. 4p.c. ...
Do. Birm. Pref. Sh...
Do. Cnester 8 p. c.P.S.
Do. do. 5 p. c. d 0...
Do. Birm. Gua. Stk.
Do. Ches. Qua. Sh..
Do. do. do
Do. do. do ....... •••••
Lan. &York. F. £2O
Do. 6' p. c. Stock
Lon. & Brigb. G. 5 p.c
Do. Pref., 5 p. c. St
Do. New Guar.6 p. c
Do. do. 5 per cent
Lon. &N. W., Coy. &
Nuneaton 5 p. ct
Lon. & S. W. Con. 3th
Londy. & Coler. i Sh.
Londy. & Ennis.6Sh.
Man., Shef., & Lin
New, £lO
Do. a
Nfarypt .& Carl.4p c
Do. 4. per cent
I Do..

102 - 104
89 - 91

92 =

We 98

2i - 3i
54 - 6

COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH-(THIS DAY.

- 1p
r
121 -13 i

Lord Campbell sat at Nisi Prius today.
WISDEN V. VISCOUNT CLIFDEN.
FORD V. VISCOUNT CLIFDEN.
CLARK V. VISCOUNT CLIFDEN.

All these cases stood on the paper to-day, in conse-
quence of the application yesterday of Mr. Edwin
James. They are actions brought in each case by the
plaintiff to recover the sum of 3,0001. upon bills of ex-
change drawn by the Hon. Francis Villiers.
Mr. E. James, upon the cases being called over, stated
that the parties had determined to try all the matters
before a special jury, and he had therefore to ask the
Court that they might stand on the paper for the first
sitting in next term.
Lord Campbell had considered the subject since it
was mentioned yesterday, and thought that the course
proposed by Mr. James was a proper one.
All the cases, therefore, were postponed to the first
sitting in the next term, upon the understanding that
they were to be tried by a special jury.
The court then proceeded to bear common jury cases.
MOTT V. THE LONDON AND BLACKWALL RAILWAY.
This was an action brought by the plaintiff against
the London and Blackwell Railway, for the purpose of
recovering damages from them for injuries they had in-
flicted upon houses belonging to the plaintiff..! From
the statement of counsel and the evidence adduced, it
appeared that the plaintiff erected several houses in the
neighbourhood of Bow. Sometime afterwards the de.
fendants made a station to their railway near the houses
of the plaintiff, and erected a tank for holding water,
which it was asserted by the plaintiff was so defective
that the water percolated through it, and so far injured
the houses of the plaintiff as to
scause the tenants to
leave, and rendered it necessary for him to incur great
expenses.
Mr. E. James and Mr. Powell were for the plaintiff ;
and Mr. H. Hill appeared for the defendants.
Various witnesses clearly proved the damage done to
the plaintiff's property by the overflowing of the defen-
dants' tank.

58 - 62

all
100
100

14 - 116

Ins 110
100 - 102

i - ip

all
100
9
6

6 - 64,
96 - 98
83 - £0
90 - 92
10 - 11
17 -17 i
10 - 104
72 -74
191 -19 i
9$ -
141 -14 i
1 -
,134 -- 136

St.
St.
St.
St.
St.

... ..... ...

•• • -- 11.

••• - •••
2i - 3 p

50
12i1
1.4
10

5
all
all
all

12 } - 12'
-P

1011

ifi97 16#

At the conclusion of the plaintiff's case,
Mr. Hill said that on the part of the railway company
he would consent to a verdict for 501. damages, on the
understanding that no further action should be brought.
This proposition was agreed to by the plaintiff, and
a verdict was taken for 50/. damages.
Lord Campbell could not but remark that the whole
expense of bringing this action might have been saved
if the surveyor of the railway company had efficiently
performed his duty.

100
100 ,

Consol .6 p.c. St.
Do. Consol. Bristol Sz
firm. 6 per cent
Do. 4i p. c. Pref. St
►o. Pref. 4i pct. cen
Do. 5/. Pr. f. 4 p. c
Ditto Leicester and
Hite:en Prrf. St..:.
Norfolk Debenture
Do.Prsf. 4 p. c. Stool.
Do. 5 p. c. Est
Do. 54 per ct.
Do. Way. Val. 6 p. c.
North British ......
V. E. Berw, 4 p.c. P
Do. do. do
Do Leeds 6 p.c
Do. do. Quarters P.,
Do. York H.& Pur.
North Staffordshire..
Oxford, Worcester,
Wolverh..£ls, 6 p.,
Scot. Cent., New Pre,
South Devon
Do. fixed, 4 per cent
S. Eastern (Reading
Ann.) of £1 Os. 6d.
Do. 4i per cent
`4 Wales Gua. 4p. c
Do. do. 4i p. c....
S. Yorksh.4p.c.Guar.
Stock. & Dar. , 5 p. c.
Do. do. do.
Stock. & Hartl. g.
p. c. till July 1, '56
Wateifd.& Kilk.6 p cf

St.
16i
5
St.

100
11i
all
100

134 - 136
94 - 96
-
4 -

35 - 87
103 - 105

ARMY BEFORE SRIBASTOPOL COM-

MITTEE:-(THIS RAY.)

98 - 100
- 92
31 - 3i

198 i

The committee re•assembled at the usual hour.

Wr. Wood, Secretary to the Board of Ordnance, was
examined by Lord Seymour.—He stated he had filled
the situation of secretary about 18 months, and had
been in the service 51 years. He was not aware whe-
ther any communication had been made to Lord Raglan
as Master-General of the Ordnance since he had
been in the Crimea. The Lieutenant-General had
performed his duties. He did not think it possible
for one member of the, board to perform all the duties
of the board, but it was the custom for one to disdharge
the duties when one only was present. Formerly
copious minutes of the transactions of the board were
kept, but now only the principal ones—these were duly
forwarded to the Master-General, who had power to re-
verse the decision of the board. The Lieutenant-
General had not that power. He could not say whe-
ther all instructions or orders given by the board
were entered on the minute-book. In a great measure
be himself and those under him were the judges of what
was of sufficient importance or not to be entered on the
book. The erection of a shell foundry at Woolwich
would have been of sufficient importance to be entered
on the book. He could not say when the erection of
the shell foundry at Woolwich was brought before
the board, nor when he first heard of it ;
neither could he remember if a plan of it
was submitted to the board. Every paper received
into the office was registered, dated, and numbered, and
afterwards sent to the Master-General, the business was
decided by the majority.
The Chairman—But if there is only one member pre-
sent there could be no minority ?—The decision of that
one member is considered as the decision. of the board.
There were circumstances which required. The signature
of two members.

20
124
25
20
St.

i.. ..... se•
..'".
id

100 - 102

100
I all
all

13 14
id Pal
22§ 23
97 99

i. 6 = li'

1 -- 2 p

... ...
21 —2 id

MISCELL &NEM:TS.
25 ' 171 Australian Agricult. 28 30 29
10 all Aush.aln. Royal Mail
10 7 Berlin Water Works 3/ 3 d
50 40 Brit. American Land
5 1 Brit. & Coln. Smeltg.
and Reduction Co.'
100 32i Canada llO 115
St. 100 Canada Gov. 6p. ct
Jan. and July lO9 109 1091
5 all Crystal Palace 3a 33 3i
5 4 Do. Preference * 113 144
4 all Crystal Pal. of France
1 3 Duston Tron Ore • •••
20 81 Eastern Steam —
25 22 Electric Telegraph l6 17
1 all Electric Teleg. of Ir —
15 14 Gen. Steam Navigat
20 all General Screw Steam ..• 141
20 10 Irish Beetroot. Sugai
20 10 Magdalena St. Navig.
10 all Mediteran. Elec. Tel.
10 9 Mexicau&S.Americn. 6 - 7
10 21 Do. New - •••
1 all Nat. Pat. Steam Fuel ,
10 5 Netherlands Land 4 -
2 1 N. S. W. Coal (Sx Inter
Steam Navigat. Co .„
1 all N. B. Australasian — 1.
20 12. Nrth. rof EuropeSt Sam
b all Peel Rr. Ld. & Miml. 21
50 all Peninsular& Oriental 59 61
50 10 Do. New llf 11 11a
2 all Portland Iron C 0...,, 13
100 60 loyal Mail Steam 68 .•••• 70 69f
1 all Scot. Austral. Invest. 11 1' 13
1 Ditto New.
25 all Soull Austral. Land 36 38 37 7
1 all Submar. Tel. Scrip — 1
1 all oe. Reg.Ntered
20 5 Trust& L. Co.II. Can
100 28i Van plumes Lawl. 13 133 13

The witness was then examined at length on the de-
tails of the office.

13 •••
•-• •••

Admiral Sir D. Dundas, admiral of the Black Sea
fleet, was next examined by the Chairman—lie stated
that wheo he was in Busika Bay, in 1854, he understood
it was likely his fleet would be used against the enemy.
When it was likely war would be declared, he was under
Lord Stratford's order,. The Admiralty gave him a
rough statement of the power of the enemy's fleet in
the Black Sea likely to be brought against 'Urn. After
he moved into the Black Sea, he was unable to gain
more correct information as to the strength of the
enemy's fleet from Lord Stratford, and he was equally
unsuccessful in his applications to other persons.
The gallant admiral proceeded to read copies of letters
he had written with respect to the attacking Odessa and
Sebastopol, when he was interrupted by the committee,
wh ) thought it desirable they should not be read.
By Mr. Drummond—He wrote to Lord Stratford re-
specting it, but received no answer, on which he sent
Captain Drummond to him ; but there was some (Wl:t-
-culty about the
him. passport, and he received no answer by

'LEFT SITTI1(0.1

Lnuerrdnftta ...........
...... .
..
.................................. walked over
S VVE AliEs fur Two and Three-yr Olds.
Ctrea
.................
Five ran.
, 501. HANDICAP PLATE.

2

Five ran.
SWEEPSTAKES FOR TWO-YR-OLDS. 10 SOVS,
Alastor
lago Colt

~~

CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT (THIS DAY),

Thomas Evans, and George Turner, the two militia-
men who were convictedyesterday of a felonious assault
upon a young girl named Henrietta Gotland, were
brought up for judgment and sentenced to six years'
penal servitude.

Plower Guppy and Trillion Melrose, two
Post-office letter carriers, who had pleaded guilty to se-
parate charges of stealing letters containing money,
were also brought up for judgment and sentenced to be
transported for 14 years.

NEW COURT.
(Before the Recorder.)
John Williams and Joseph, Price were indicted for
burglariously entering the dwelling house of Joseph
Brown, draper, of Finsbury Pavement, and stealing
therefrom goods to the value of 2501. In the second
count Price was charged with receiving that property,
knowing it to have been stolen.

Mr. Ryland prosecuted, and Messrs. Sleigh and Salter
defended. It appeared from the evidence, which was
anything but satisfactory, that a man of the name of
Hooker was going with his cart along Golden-lane,
when he was stopped by a man not in custody, who bar-
gained with him for the loan of it. He was requested
to go to a coffee-house close by, and was informed that
the cart should, before long, be there returned to him.
He stood looking through the window, and saw the man
drive the cart to Mr. Brown's house and wait for it,
while another man, whom he believed to be Williams,
brought two large bundles out of the house and depo-
sited them in the cart. They then both got in and drove
away. Witness ran after them, and saw them stop at a
house in Verulam-street, Gray's-inn-lane, where another
man whom he believed to be Price, came out in his
shirt and took the bundles in. The man then gave him
21. for tile hire of the cart, at which he (witness) was
surprised. Other evidence was adduced, but

The following letter on this subject was lately addressed
by Lord Ebrington to a gentleman of influential position
amongst his constituents :

Bruton-street, April 16, 1855.
Sir,—l proceed, in compliance with my promise, to ex- .j
L aai
managementt o you the " •
ko'iotvhiesimonestroinpolSisir tßo.e7hailchs birilelntfeiir the
the greatest objections. As I object' to them for u
reasons
which I stated at almost everypnblic meeting I addressed
in 'the course of my, election, no elector has any right to be
surprised at the course 1 feel it my duty to take with re-
gard to this important measure. •
I said on the introduction of the bill that, far from deny-
ing the existence of the evils its author so graphically. de-
scribed, I entirely agreed with him both as to their extent
and their indefensible &erecter. Indeed it was not likely
I should do otherwise, after strenuously labouring for more
than ten years, both in and out of Parliament, to direct
public attention to- these evils, with a view to getting them
remedied.
At the same time the reverse of wrong is not necessarily
right • and I think I shall be able to show, that, while the
remedy proposed affords little if any prospect of improve-
ment as regards many of. the evils complaieed of ; it will
not only, if left as it stands, tend seriously to aggravate
others, but also to introduce several new and grave ones
for the first time.
The bill proposes to establish, including the City, 36
districts, each consisting of a parish, or union of parishes.
Hobhouse's Act is to be applied to all the parishes,
whether single or in union, In the 21 single parishes the
vestry are to be the district board. In the 14 unions con-
sisting of 56 parishes, the several district boards, com-
prising in all 653 members, will be chosen in certain speci-
fied proportions by the vestries so elected by the single
votes of the ratepayers.
The several district boards are to send one member each
(except eight sending two members each) to the metropo-
litan board, which board will therefore, with the addition
of two members from the City, consist of 41 members.
And this metropolitan board is to select' three persons, of
whom the Secretary of State is to appoint one to the office
of chairman, at a salary of 'not less than 1,5001., or more
than 2,0001. a-year.
The metropolitanlboard is to take charge of the main
sewers, and is also to be invested with very large powers
for the improvement of the thoroughfares of the metro-
polis. All the other sewers are vested in the 36 district
boards, as is also the paving, lighting, &c., within the
several districts:
I will not call in question the limits proposed for the
metropolis, which are identical with those adopted by ;he
Registrar-General; and I heartily approve, on principle,
of the union, under the same authority, of the subterranean
road surface management, i. e., of the sewerage and of the
paving, lighting, road-watering, &c. But I object to the
bill in its present shape. Ist, on account of the number of
districts into which the metropolis is to be divided for these
purposes; 2d, on account of the nature of these divisions ;
3d, on account of the large number of the governing body
to be established in each division; 4th, on account of the
composition of the constituency to elect each of these bo-
dies; sth, on account of the mode in which the vote of
these constituencies are to be taken ; 6th, on account of
the large numbers of members of the metropolitan board
of works, and of their representing only one class, 'fez.,
the ratepayers. Lastly, I object to the enormous powers
of this over-numerous board, and its probably unsatisfac-
tory dealing with the local interests of the metropolis ; and
I dread its almost inevitably undue influence upon the Go-
vernment and the Legislature.
Ist. With regard to the establishment of the 36 divisions.
This is a retrograde movement, The old separate and in-
dependent Commissions of Sewers were seven in number,
and as such too numerous for economy. There was consi-
derable waste in having so many separate staffs of officers,
quite apart from the inconvenience of their totally inde-
pendent action ; and a large saving resulted from the con-
solidation of the seven staffs, especially in the engineering
and-financial department. The general average cost of
management to the ratepayers was, during 1847, more
than 7s. per cent, per annum on the rateable anneal value
of the seven districts ; while (notwithstanding the disad-
vantage of having to procure information which ought to
have been provided by our predecessors) the charge for
management under the new consolidated commission, to
which I belonged, was actually below 58. per cent. per
annum on the rateable anneal value of the district under
our active jurisdiction. When the expenses of manage-
ment in 189/ are stated at 23 per cent. of the expenditure
in works, it should be remembered that this was in
consequence of money being refused us for the execution of
works to the extent of hundreds of thousands of pounds,
the plans, drawings, and specifications of which had been
prepared at a heavy expense by the staff. The staff ex-
penses in 1846, under seven commissions, were more than
20 per cent. on the works executed. The staff expenses in
1854, under the consolidated commission, were only 11 per
cent„ and that included systematic mapping and under-
ground surveying, items quite unknown in the olden times.
This economy resulted from placing seven engineers in
charge of a district each, at a moderate salary, under a
more highly-paid chief to superintend the whole, with
two or three assistants devoted to specialtias. The same
obvious course was taken with regard to the financial and
other departments.
A reversal of this system, and the multiplication of sub-
divisions for drainage purposes to a five times greater
extent than prevailed under the Unconsolidated Sewers
Management, must inevitably lead to the officers in each
district being either underskilled or over-paid, probably,
to their being both—underskilled for the work they
have to do, and overpaid for the work they do : in other
words, to a great additional expense, either in the shape
of extra salaries, or of inferior work, and, probably, of
both. And this objection is not met by clause 110, giving
a the Metropolitan Board compulsory powers of uniting
districts for the election of joint-officerS. For the district
boards retaining each their separate control of the sewers
in their districts, the officer would be placed in a position
of almost hopeless difficulty between his several masters,
in spite of any directions the Metropolitan Board might
issue about him. I therefore look upon the clause only as
a confession of the consciously imperfect arrangements
made by the author of the bill. When deprecating, how-
ever, the multiplication of drainage divisions, r do not say
that for the far simpler work of superintending the pav-
ing, lighting, &c., smaller "sub-districts" than our former
sewers "levels," or even, in some cases, than the parochial
divisions proposed by the bill, might not work pretty
well. Bat the surface manneinent should, in my opinion,
be subordinate and subsidiary to the far more difficult
and important work of underground management. And
it is for this reason that I object,
2dly. To the proposed 36 divisions for drainage pur-
poses. I object not so much to their unfairness, though it
is difficun to understand on what principle some parishes
have been dealt with in the bill. Why, Paddington for
instance, with a larger and more rapidly increasing popu-
lation than St. Martin's in-the-Fields or St. James's,
should be united to Hampstead, with which it is not par-
ticularly connected, while these two parishes (St. James's,
occupying an area of only 165 acres) enjoy the same privi-
leges (except as to the sending one instead of two represen-
tatives to the Metropolitan Board) that are enjoyed respec-
tively by the parishes of Marylebone, which is 16 times, of
St. Mary, Islington, which is 19 times, of Lambeth, which
is 22 times, and of Camberwell, which is 28 times larger.
But I object especially to the parochial character of these
divisions, because the parochial boundaries clash, in almost
every conceivable way, with the natural watershed boun-
daries of the eight valleys running down from the north
into the Thames, and of a ninth from the west into the
Lea. The consequence will be that the branch drains (or
submains, as they are sometimes called), if constructed
alo ig the best and cheapest lines, will cross a number of
separate jurisdictions, with the certainty of delay, and the
probability of differences arising between the several autho-
rities. If the branch drains are taken with reference to
the limits of jurisdictions, rather than of watershed, they
will be constructed at greatly increased expense, and must
act with diminished efficiency. The parish of Marylebone,
for example, drains in its different parts, along not one
but three separate valley lines, down to the Thames.
Oxford-street,fromEdge ware -road to Tottenham-court-road
traverses four separate districts ; and moreover has its own
sewer, running sometimes on one side of the street and
sometimes on the othee, in different parishes, besides being
crossed by numerous other sewers going down towards the
Thames. It is true that, by clause iii, the Metropolitan
Board may place part of a parish or parishes under the
management of the vestry of another parish, but this will
involve such complicated accounts and such nice questions
of jurisdiction ; and, above all, the multitude of such cases
as those described is so great, that this provision again must
be considered rather as a confession of the hopeless inap-
plicability of the scheme than as a practical remedy for its
simitted defects.
3. I object to the large number of members composing
the district boards under the bill-120 being, under Hob-
house's Act, the number of vestrymen in all populous
parishes without local ads, and therefore the number in
most of the single parishes under this bill ; and up-
wards of 45 being the average number in each of the 14
district boards formed by the union of parishes under the
bill. The vestry of St. George's as a body, and many
vestrymen individually, have declared their inability to
transact the laborious and difficult business arising under
this bill ; and, indeed, such large bodies are found
in practice to deal far less efficiently and satisfac-
torily with detailed business than smaller ones, es-
pecially when that business is of a kind requiring
a constant reference, not only to general principles,
but also to the local specialties incident to former defec-
tive arrangements. Having worked hard myself for seve-
ral years, in company with some of the most eminent men
in England, upon these matters, I can answer fur it that
they are not to be dealt with so easily as some speakers at
public meetings imagine.
Notwithstanding the praises lavished by Sir B. Hall at
different times upon the manner in which parish affairs
have been managed by the large vestries of Marylebone
and St. Pancras, I must be allowed to express my doubts
whether, even in the far simpler matters of administra-
tion the working of those vestries has been so uniformly
conspicuous for efficiency, economy, and discretion, as to
lead to the conclusion that similar large bodies would deal
satisfactorily with the far more complicated task of man-
aging the great public works below and above ground in
their several districts. But decidedly as I object to the
largeness of these boards, I object,
4thly, much more to the composition of the constituency
by whom they are to be elected.
This constituency is to co-isist wholly of ratepayers
voting by single votes. No owner or lease-holder, what-
ever the amount of his property or the duration of this
interest in that property, having, any vote as such in
the choice of the bodies to be entrusted with such large
powers of taxing and dealing with property.
We shall be told that this is the case under the Munici-
pal Reform Act. I know that it is so; and as regards
the Management of Works I deplore it ; because I
know that the public works in towns managed by munici-
pal bodies are, with some striking exceptions, in a far from
satisfaesory state. But even were the Municipal Reform
cas
e
of working well with regard to sanitary matters, the
s.
of the metropolis is not parallel to the cases of those towns.
The a
The tax in them is general, and levied-in the
borough rate upon the ratepayers at
metro-
polis, on the contrary, the sewers rats ,
large: 'ln
law, and has
the shape
been for centuries, not an occupier's,
which the tenant is entitled by law to
but
an
deductown owners rate,
ahis
landlord's rent.
We shall be told that, in the
hte tenant spe dally
majority of cases, there
are clauses in the leases by which
the
law
had
im.
takes upon himself those chargesi
which
This is true to some extent, but
posed upon his landlord.
y no means !so extensively so.
roo-
ters of the bill. I yasgoiOdallaeugtehdonLltyt,hethparto—nitoc;
of
say nothing of the constantly-recurring cases of leases ex-
piring and changebof residence, and, consequently,.
.t
arelwargdeedfriasytritches
ces-
sation of interesi
wheree
it is not the. practice.
th ten
faourt tenant—there
occupierer
rate. But it is said that in these cases the tenants
sewers
practically pay the sewers rates in their rents, and that,
therefore, the proposed arrangement is not an unfair one.
If that be so, however, then the lodgers, an important
portion of the population of the metropolis have

... . .
THE LOCAL ADMINTST
R-41-r----75.11 1 THE equally a right with the ratepayers to share in the repre-
MET.ROPOLLS:
' . sentation. If the single voting per capita is just with re-
, gard to the management qfsworks, ,whiclis ,are in . lawssi,
? charge trpcinhe owners, I kno* riot on what ground the
lodgers are to be wholly excluded from voting ; and I for
lone should regret their -being so, unless the owners are to
be admitted. The principle of single voting in regard to
the government of persons has always been recognised by
the. Constitution, as is seen in the Parliamentary franchise.
I am not, therefore, adverse in the case of populous town
Parishes to the Maintenance of this leading feature of
Hobhouse's Act as regards the-management of relief to the
poor, a matter evidently relating to the government of persons, and involving charges almost entirely.of a tempo-
IlirY, though to a certain extent- a conateutly-recurring,
nutcphaoannragapcerteenirpe.,:ttßit the application of -this principle, to.the
awnedrksafreinetvioelvifnegr heavy aenrdwlearesteinigtebpeurdrreenas..
nent value—in other wordsggi ' to a flucfuating body
elected by men who have confessedlyvmg no permanent interest
in that property, such an absolute
h control over it—seems
to me an anomaly not less isc ievous than unjust.
If the ratepayers, as some say in general f
pay
the sewers
en
rite, legally due from their landlords, th
wehaee every
probability of, the sanitary evils continuing
fort the most
part unremedied, as they have been
will be, in many of our corporate to' and
ns. For theaerapopoarlecnntg
w ~
raaaveratepadyer
I do not say the real, interest of the tem
as distinguished from that of the landloXic
the lodger below, him in the social scale, is to put Off'doinof
anything to the last moment, and then to, do it asecoehnedaaprlyyg
as possible ; the efficiency of the works being of s importance to him, and their permanency utterly indif-
ferent. The interests of the landlord and of the lodger,
on the contrary, are to a great extent identical ; since efie..
ciency, which is generally found in connection with dura-
bility and real economy, is to these parties far more im-
portant than mere cheapness at the moment. If, on the
other hand, as others say, the sewers rates are in reality a
landlord's tax, we have the anomaly of the landlords being
excluded from all voice in the laying out of their own
money on their own property—that is, representation
would be, in fact, as it inevitably is in law, dissevered
from taxation by this professedly liberal measure. My
opinion, published last spring by Mr. Ridgway, and
expressed viva voce over and over again during the last
winter to large and apparently approving audiences, has
always been, that both the class of owners and of long lease-
holders on the one band, and the classes of ratepayers on
the other, ought in fair proportions to be represented in
the several bodies for the management of public works.
But, sthly, I object still more to the 'kind of suffrage
proposed,,and to the mode of taking the suffrages than I
do even to the single qualification or the single voting.
It is proposed that every elector in 'every part of the
parish shall be entitled to vote for the whole number of
vestrymen, and shall in person take up to his polling place
a voting paper containing the names of the whole or any
less than that number. The parish of St. Pancras contains
about 20,000 ratepayers. Each elector would therefore
be entitled to vote at each annual' election for 40, and
in the course of three years for 120, vestrymen. In that
parish, therefore, alone,. supposing the ratepayers really
polled out, the number of names would be 800,000, spread
over 20,000 lists, all requiring to be scrutinised and ar-
ranged. But, further, St. Pancras ii 25 miles in circum-
ference, and extends overpart of Hampstead and Highgate.
It comprehends, therefore, not only crowded streets, but
also a rural district. What is a Highgate elector to do
when he has exhausted the limited number of those among
his neighbours willing, and, in his opinion, fit to serve in
the office of vestryman with its double duties of relieving
paupers and managing public works I Either he must
vote one-sidedly for a mere Highgate list, or he must-take
on trust some pink or blue parochial list, fall of names
quite strange to him from the other side of the parish, in
consideration of the insertion upon the list of some High-
gate man on whom he and his neighbours have confidence.
Could any better specific be devised for insuring the maxi-
mum of electioneering agency with all its attendant jobbery
and demoralising organisation ?—for excluding from the re-
presentation all members of the minority, .indeed all but
the most deeply-pledged thick-and-thin partisans ?—for al-
ways securing, for the time being, an overwhelming influ-
ence in the assembly to one or other of the alternately suc- s,,
cessful parties, each in turn obtaining its triumph through <'
the fairest promises of efficiency and economy---each in
turn, after a short trial in office, being summarily ejected
for failing to realise the expectations it had raised? Could ,
a more ingenious scheme be devised for insuring the mini- i
mum of consistency and continuity of action, the maxi- 1
mum of oscillation and reversal of policy in an adminis- i
trative body; together with the greatest amount of change i
and the strongest sense of insecurity in its paid, I dare not
say, its permanent, officials ? Such, experience has shown,
to be the natural result of voting " by the ticket," as it is
called ; in other words, of the system of giving to a large
body of electors a proportionate number of votes each for
a proportionately large number of representatives. The
adoption of this course is the more indefensible when the ,
course of dividing a large constituency into divisions or
wards, each returning some one, two, or three members, is
recommended by such numerous precedents, and has for
centuries worked so well.
But, 6thly, the inherent evils of the " ticket " system of
voting may be aggravated by the mode of taking the votes.
And of all the known modes of taking such multitudinous
votes, that adopted in the bill seems about the most incon-
venient, except that originally established by Hobhouse's
Act—an act passed, however, before, not after, the success-
ful trial for 20 years,of the improved system introduced
under the poor-law. How has the system embodied
in this bill worked hitherto in the metropolitan pa-
rishes ? I will take those 'of Marylebone and St.'
Pancras. Out of the 16,000 ratepayers in Marylebone
at no one of the elections for the last three years have, I
believe, as many as 5,500 voted ; though some of the con-
tests were fierce, and many conveyances were provided
for the voters. Out of the 20,030 ratepayers in St. Pancras,
I learn from the vestry clerk, scarcely more than 2,700
voted at the election under Hobhouse's Act in 1853 ;
though great excitement is said to have prevailed, and
long processions of cabs with banners flying and colours
displayed are said to have been seen on the occasion.
But at St. Pancras we have some instructive returns
about an election in 18 5, conducted on the vote-collesting
system. The number of ratepayers then was only 13,000,
to whom must be added those entitled to vote as owners
under the New Poor Law ; but the number of voters that
voted—l say nothing of the number of votes liven —was
' more than 7,600. 1 may add that, at St. Martin's-in-the-
fields, with some 1,500 entitled to "a vote, on no occasion
before 1833 had more than 750, or half, been brought up
to the poll. Under the first. trial of the vote-collecting
system upwards of 1,50,l voters, or near iths, voted out of
the then constituency, which had only been slightly in-
creased by the addition of owners.
But we shall be told that this has resulted portly from
the want of additional polling places ; and partly from the
absence of that greatly-increased interest sure to be felt
by all classes in the election of persons to a trust of such
large power and heavy responsibility. What do we find,
however, at elections where there are plenty of pollihg-
places and still more stirring interest ? What do we see
at Parliamentary elections ? 'What was the case oven at
mine, when a far large number voted for me than ever had
voted before in Maryleb one? a great number of mysupporters
having recorded for the first time votes to which they had been
long entitled. What happened where no expense was
spared either by my manager or by my opponent's ?
Scarcely more than half the constituency voted. And is
this a singular case? Far from it, The Edinburgh Review
gave a list of a dozen large constituencies, with an ag-
gregate of some 130,000 on the register. Of these
not more than 55 per cent. (about 72,000 electors) voted at
the contested elections at the last dissOlution. Nor is this
indisposition in the very large constituencies to poll at all
surprising, when we remember, that the cost of voting in
the shape of time lost, trouble incurred or business
neglected, is a constant quantity; while the value or propor-
tionate influence of a vote varies inversely with, magnitude
of the constituency to which the voter belongs. . The re-
fusal of the franchise, and the imposition of a prohibitory
duty of time and trouble (i.e., money's worth) upon its
exercise, come practically to much the same thing.
The grievance seems certainly more crying in the former
case ; but is it practically much, if at all, more injurious ?
You know whom you exclude by the refusal of the fran-
chise. But do you know whom you will exclude by your
discouraging and prohibitory duty upon its exercise—by
sending the unpaid many and the paid few, the electors to
the poll-clerks • instead of sending the few sound to the
many, the paid vote-collectors to the unpaid voters' refil-
-1 dences ? Ask any election agent—he will tell you of whole
streets in the metropolis full of educated, respectable, and
wealthy inhabitants, who have scarcely ever contributed a
vote to the decision of any parochial contest, and contribute
very few indeed even to that of a Parliamentary contest.
Even at my election I hear that three-fourths of the elec-
tors in some of the wealthiest streets and squares never
voted at all ; while in Cromer-street lam told that the
proportion polling was just about three-fourths. And yet
if one or the other class, which I deprecate, is to be with-
held, which can be best spared from voting on a question
relating to the management of works and the taxation of
property ?
It has been shr6wdly observed, as I have elsewhere said,
that, especially in the middle and lower ranks, those who
occupy themselves most about elections are either the best
or the worst citizens. The best take part in public
affairs from a sense of duty, religions or patriotic.
The worst busy themselves in party contests either
from a love of the excitement and conviviality
attending elections, or else from the hope of
gaining something in the way of patronage. There is,
however, a large intermediate class of men of average in-
dustry and character, who care much for their own interests
and their families, and comparatively little for public
measures or public men. And these can with difficulty be
persuaded, however . clear their preference, to support
either one side or the other, at the expense of any of that
time and trouble, which they value so highly and know, so
well how to turn to account. And this class is probably
nowhere in England more numerous than in the metropolis.
I therefore think that it is particularly essential in this
bill to adopt sotne such plan for encouraging the quiet and
the infirm, the thoughtful and the impartial, the busy and
the lazy, the fastidious and the timid—all to take their
share in the public duty of electing local functionaries.
I have dwelt thus at length upon the system of voting
by votepapers at home, instead of at a poll, because it
seems to me one of the most important questions connected
with the franchise. With this system I should dread thin
bill comparatively little, whatever objections I felttoa tnh
composition of the constituency; without it I dread ;c°y
measure such as this bill, because I judge from °pre i
d in the metropolis.
governing assemblies will be returned
of Works. MY
by what class of the inhabitants almost exclusively the
g I now come to the Metropolitan Boardose I
have
air,.dy
objections to that are very similar to.th
'ea to their composition, I cannot, .
metropolitan board
J
which this bof
mem-
urged at too great length to the distorifetcobnorasred,sb.e A.astiisfieehd-
with the constituencies by
practical.
is to elected.
olbioebejteicotn
amble,
eo, ton
oth the large
aicfirenolitudt
large number . mtriatesnrsaction of
bars of whom it ,itshttohebsepeceodesyeateneoedne•ly
incompatibility with
hid' applies still more strongly to
And I think this
its business (a reason w
Boards);
1 nb
itfini itcyattsdie,:edsfe
owfbfuooielrtrtchli,Pvvoneuoelmti
between
gettingsiia4cgotraohmol
might
(hihd.have
vllsFegt)
'thosealso,
lusdo,Dbeieienttitoie ptr oh
this
o largesed P anruomc hbi
earl
aarvcelsr)aig;:mbutelutrrnolribi:)ebbrjsody would afford opportu-
trliacrtg
agitation, though a smaller body, better
through 3 work, instead' of 'talking poli-
tics, stirring speeches can arc ybe
h il
yetscause such i
of an audience. In
otphuisiaasrbseoludy.
however, I think in times of ex-
'an a;Wgiittahtoiuont,
anxiety
yly almost of
ex-
citement
a formidable kind. For this will
au abeltheeonofnelsys PI
aril
one
of
to the esta-
blishmentPntlrlgia,morentr,
oufend.orgtthoexnepamree.
t representingh oso who
hododocof
atnu
rhootolrmokoes
look
Metropolitanr
ro quite ppol
eiss e
sent, a population of more thlia two Pmilliosrisisn -and a half
(i.e., more than that of ally eSawr.itzerland), and increasing at
The Prime
Miyantpreehr,elnaskinonows.,
notthe rsnataereofthf
these
sl
el
announced that he does
he bad no fear but that the Baltic fleet last _year would do
hlarsealuember, however, that
wonders in the north,andthe Allied armies take Sebas-
topolwould indi
(3b
theyhn
south.tos4ue had no fear that our soldiers
nds of cold, neglect, and privation.
But the absence of all misgiving on his part did not
.pre-
vent, but, on the contrary,
the occurrence of these dunk*.

"The directors trust that the shareholders will agree
with them, in thinking that these figures fully justify the
anticipations held out in their previous reports, as to the
result of the society's operations. The following directors,
Samuel Driver, Esq.. Henry Peter Fuller, Esq., Edward
Vansittart Neale, Esq , and Sir Thomas Newby Reeve,
retire by rotation ; but being eligible for re-election, offer
themselves accordingly. Henry Peach Buckler, Esq., and
reJothiren Soperfrom office, Streeter, Esq., Et sq
being. theeligible
forel
of
re
-election
oe ti alsoffero
themselves accordingly. By order of the board of direc-
tors. F. Ferguson Camroux, Manager."
The CHAIRMAN, in moving the reception and adop-
tion of the report, said he could not avoid stating the
pleasure it gave him in doing so, recollecting, as he
did that, at their first annual meeting he ventured to
express in strong terms his decided opinion
that the society must be successful, in Alonso.
quence of the directors having formed the deter-
mination of making it of a highly honourable charac-
ter. Whether their business should be little or great,
the directors made up their mind that this society should
be one bearing the highest character an assurance society
could bear, and he felt confi,lent at the time that in a
country like this where straightforward conduct, if not
at first, was at last sure to be appreciated, that
such a society ought and would Aucceed. (Hear,
hear.) It therefore gave him great pleasure to
ask theca to a.lopt the report, which showed they
had succeeded by his being able to ask them to
declare a bonus of considerable extent on all the busi-
uess done in the office. (Hear.) The society's arrange-
ments were such that be had no hesitation in stating
that be looked forward to their business increasing, and
their being ab!e to declare much larger bonuses than
they bad yet done. Thor arrangemez,ta With regard to
the country business had been much enlarged, and were
capable of greater ext,nsion; but whilst the directors did
all they could to improve and increase 'the business, it
was the duty of every shareholder to assist them, which
they could now do with confidence, in recommending
the society to their fri,-nds as one which was sound in
every respect. (Cheers.) He bad little to say to
them on that occasion, his being, a simple
tale, and soon told. He bad no apologies to
make for any wrong-doings, but had only to point out in
a straightforward and honest way the good and favour.
able condition the society was in to ask them to receive
and adopt the report.
Mr. J. S. STREETER seconded the motion, believing
most firmly that the society was deserving the confidence
not only of every shareholder and policyholder, but the
public generally.
The motion was carried unanimously.
The retiring directors, Samuel Driver, Esq., Henry
Peter Fuller, Esq., Edward Vansittart Neale, Esq., and
Sir Thomas Newby Reeve were unanimously re-elected,
the Chairman announcing that Mr. John Fisher, of the
firm of Messrs. Fisher and Robinson, of Watling-street,
London, had been elected a new director.
The retiring auditors, Henry Peach Buckler, Esq.,
and John Soper Streeter, Esq., were also unanimously
re-elected.
On the motion of the CHAIRMAN, seconded by Sir T.
N. REEVE, the usual sum of 20 guineas was voted to
the auditors as remuneration for their trouble in audit-
ing the accounts.
Mr. STREETER acknowledged the compliment of his
own and his colleague's re-election, and bore testimony to
the accurate manner in which the accounts of the so-
ciety were kept.
On the motion of Mr. GORING, seconded by Mr.
SMITEI, the unanimous thanks of-the meeting were voted
to the directors.

Mr. NEALE returned thanks, congratulating the meet-
ing on the prosperous condition of the society as exhi-
bited by the accounts that day presented which indicated
that the society must • have been fairly launched; and
he hoped it had a long and uninterrupted career
of prosperity before it. (Cheers.) The commencement
of institutions of this kind was the most trying time,
both from the largeness of the expenditure and the com-
paratively speaking small returns; but having success-
fully passed over that period, and established themselves,
they might fairly anticipate their expenses would be
small in proportion as the business extended, and their
profits considerably increased. (Hear.) The society
was in a thoroughly sound condition, and would bear
the most strict inspection from any person competent to
judge of it. (Hear.)
nieaptreomote the prom•
The CHAIRMAN proposed a vote of thanks to the
officers of the institution, who, he was happy to ;sr.,
worked cordially together'for the benefit of thehseocit
toot
in owed them their thanks for the trouble t
mu:rtriresGurtlitrirniNt h.
in conducting the businesi in such a soli
carried unanimously. , ~ r in returning
e
sePc€2bonind
M. F. F. Camicaom
aedneuttheberneesfiotluotfiotnl7 insured.
Dire
as:
worked cordially
pleasure to state that
gn parts. The directors
together, and endeavoured ttilhaenwt 168301
as they could. The
the selection of lives, and
theit affordedofficers him
o ftthdhneenicsmtaho-a
the society was confined
and he mentioned
wholeparity
f')
the h
et the society
isodoecgidee toydtr
fore,
not having aq yet
.operations
tl England, onetrhbeenyiureixeshtken;ded their
to Ireland, Scotland,
ttsectoonsdteadteb'y
mr.
they rarely took more than two or three
because, bad they done otherwise, a
this much la et
careful
liefethwilnier
tof business might have been transacted. I rg
"min
alwaysos been
tbhaed to
m custom
otbhteieoand
oef o
ofr
M... that
pi society
611 itt had
were exceedingly
teal income, and it now amounted after its
as
lapsed policies, to 17,0371. ls. Bd. ; deducting all
SMITH, a vote of thanks was a
r.hich, having been acknowledgedaccorded to the chairman,
separated. by him, 'the meeting
____

LYCEUM THEITRt.
m Madame Anna Tbillon com-
e
willnces a farewell engagement next Monday, when she
appear as Catarina in The Crown Diamonds, and
hseeerinagdmthlirserswill have an opportunity of. hearing, and
charmingaetress and songstress in one of her
best characters.
Madamen h Teh iniloo nd's
ueilntg engagement
themn t h
t ise a
tfroer
six nights, and there ca
will be nightly filled to overflowing.° Mr. Alcroft, With
his good judgment, has made the price of admission very
moderate, so that all classes may have an opportunity of
seeing this delightful actress previous to her final retire-
ment from public life. •
Advises from St Petersburg to the Ist inst. state that
there had been an increased inquiry fit hemp, owing to
several vessels under the American flag being expected
at Cronstadt. It was hoped they would obtain permis-
sion to discharge and load there, and hemp, hemp yarn,
and iron were being sent down for shipment. Never-
theless, there were doubts of the success of the attempt,
as the blockade of all the Baltic ports had been already
announced. The weather continued fine, but the com-
munication with Cronstadt was still interrupted by the
ice. , From Riga the dates are to the 3d inst. Two ves-
sels had put to sea the day previously, and there had
also been one arrival. The bay remained full of ice, and
the weather; from a continuance of northerly winds, was
very cold,