The Sun.
London, England, 1855-02-21 00:00:00

LONDON, WEDN ESDAY EVENING, FEBR UARY 21, 1855.

N. 1 43469.

PUBLICATIONS.

Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
THE MOSLEM and the CHRISTIAN ;
or, Adventures in the East. By SAD YK PASHA. Revised,
with Original Notes, by Colonel Szyrma, Editor of "Revelations of
Siberia "
" Sadyk Pasha, the author of this work, is a Pole of noble birth.
He is now commander o the Turkish Cossacks, a corps organised
by himse.f. The wilt .ies on The Moslem and the Christian,' partly
fact and partly fiction, written by him and translated by Colonel
Szyrma, display very well the literary spirit of the soldier. They are
full of the adventuresand emotions that belong to live and war ; they
treat of the present tame; they introduce many existing people; and
have the Danubian Principalities for the scene of action. Here are
sources of popularity, which the book fairly claims. As a transla-
tion it is excellent."—Examiner.

Karst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn.

THE ENGLISHWOMAN IN RUSSIA.
This day, 4th thousand, with Woodcuts, post Soo., 10s. 6d.,
TEN YEARS in RUSSIA.
By AN ENGLISHWOMAN.
John Murray, Albemarle-street.

THE CAMPAIGN IN THE CRIME/.
THE THIRD EDITION of the QUARTERLY
RETIF,W, for JANUARY, is NOW READY.
John Murray, Albemarle-street.

On Wednesday next, in 16mo, m ice 2s. 6d. ; or in 2 Parts, One
'shilling each.

DANIEL DE FOE and CHARLES
CHURCHILL. By Jouti FORSTER, of the Inner Temple,
Barrister, author of " fhe Life of Goldsmith, !fie" Reprinted, with
additions, from the " Edinburgh Review," and forming parts 76 and
77 of the "Traveller's Library."

London: Longno an, Brown, Green, and Longmane.

DR. CULVERWELL ON NERVOUSNESS, DEBILITY, AND

INDIGESTION.
Also, on Urinary Derangements, Constipation, and Ilmmorrhoids, Is.
each, by post 13. 6d.
WHAT TO EAT, DRINK, AND AVOID.
" Abstentia multi curantur morbi."
A popular exposition of the principal causes (ever and careless
feeding, &c.) of the above harassing, and distressing complaints,
with an equally intelligible and popular exposition of how we should
live to get rid of them; to which is added, diet tables for every meal
in the day, and full instructions for the regimen and observance of
every hour out of the twenty-four. Illustrated by aunaerous
cases, &c.

LIGHTS AND SHADES OF MARRIED LIFE.
" He which that het no wif, I hold him lost,
Helples., and all desolat. He that bath no child,
Like sun and winde."—Chaucer.
Subject : Marriage, its expectations and Necessities—Development
of the Affections—Love Matches—Precipitate, impelled, and retarded
t' nions—M antal Incongruities—Mutual Unsuitableness—Mental
Incompatibility and Physical Deectiveness—Advantages of Inter-
marriage—Theory of Gestation—Hereditary Resemblance—Mode of
determining' Legitimacy. On Infelicitous, Infertile, and all Uaas-
similable Alliances—Law of Divorce, &c., &c.
3.

CHASTITY AND ITA INFRINGEMT:NTS. •
A Lecture to Young Men.
" What passims hurt the body—what improve,
Truths as refined as Athens ever heard."
Subject : Life's pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The advent
•4f the passions. Chastity and its infringement. The casualties of
Licentiousness and dissipation, with illustrations, graphic, itatTative,
and remediative. Advocacy of early marriages, &c.
4.

On Secret Diseases, their Self-management and Cure.
The GREEN" BOOK.—A comprehensive and popular exposition
' venito and urinary diseases—their nature and treatment, corn-
especially prim...lry and secondary ,mptoms, all forms of
deraw_fements, stricture and spermatorrhcea; with 250 en-
and prescriptions.

5.
The BLADDER, URETFIRN, ani ECTU M.—Comprising
Urinary Derangements, Constipation, and llmmorrholds.
Vols ti and 7, comm La to the preceding.
THE ENJOYMENT OF LIFE. 110 W TO BE HAPPY.
" Juctinde Vivere.":
"Few words to fair taith."—Snakespere.
Sherwood, 23, Pateruost row ; Mann, 39, Cornhlll ;or of
DP RII;HARD CULVERWELL,
i-srother, Successor, and Twenty Years Consulting Colleague of the
ate Author of tie above, 10, Argyll-place, Regent-street, London.
who natty be advised with on the above matters daily, from Ten till
ive, and in the evenings. P•oen seven till Nine.

WANTED.—WANTED, say the people alto-
gether, warmer, softer, gentler weather. Trade tl flourish,
every power in action; all nation% free from war, dispute, and
faction. Wanted the DRESS which Messrs. Moses make ; its com-
forts every person may partake. For Travellinc, Sporting, Busi-
ness, it's much needed, and oer sl and maks it always has
preceded. Their Overcoats end Winter Dress, thee art and still of
trade so wel express, that Messrs. Moses most are famed for best
and cheapest dress. Lades and Gentlemen their Hosiery Goods
will take, and wear them for the Style and comfort in their make.
Captains and others will not leavr, the shore till they have selected
from the wholesale store ; for every one whom Messrs. MosEs try,
find all they want, a good and cheap supply.
SPECT tL NOTI 'E.—Until March 1, lAi5, E. MOSES and SON'S
ESTABLISHMENTS will be CLOSED at EIGHT O'CLOCK EVI47.ItV
EVENING, except Saturday, when they will be open till 11 o'clock.
CAUTION.-E. VIOSEs and SON regret rkitutni, to guru
.ablic against imposition, havinc teamed that the iintradesman-like
'aasehood of " Tieing connected with ',heir Establishment," or " It's
the same concern," has been resorted to in many instances, and ler
obvious reasons, they beg to state that they have

No CONNEXION WITH ANT OTHER HOME IN OR OUT 01P LONDOI,
except their own Establishments, as follows :
London City Establishment, 154, 155. 156, and 157, sfinories, 84,
45, and 86, Alagate, opposite the Church. all communicating.
London West-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New Oxford-street, 1,2,
and 3, Hart-street, all communicating.
Bradtord (Yorkshire) Branch, 19 and 20, Bridge-street.

Sheffield Branch, 36, Fargate.
Colonial Wholesale Branch, Melbourne, Australia.
Merchant Tailor, Clothiers, Hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot ar d
dime Makers, and General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen.
IMPORTANT.—Should any article not give satisfaction, it will be
2xchanged if desired, or, if preferred, the money will be returned
without hesitation. All goods are marked in plain figures, the lowest
price, from which no abatement can be made.
The Establishments are closed from sunset on Fridays t. sunset
en Satardsys, when business resumed till 11 o'clock.
A new Book for Autumn and Winter. " The Commercial Come-
-Apia," containing full lists of prices, our system of self-measure-
ment. Ike., Stc., ma 7 be had on applicatioa, or post-free.
tel Yon parte wrancais. Qui si parla
Tiler garieht man Tl. Mach Aqua sa habl a Espano.
As Illustrated Almanac for 1655 eratison application ,or post free

HEALTH OFFICERS FOR THE CRIMEA.—At the weekly
meeting of the Liverpool Health Committee, held yes-
terday, Mr. ,R. Gladstone announced that an applica-
tion bad been received from Government, to allow Mr.
Newlands, the borough engineer, to proceed, with a
portion of his staff at Liverpool, to the Crimea. The
demand, after a lengthened discussion, was acceded to,
and permission given to Mr. Newlands to proceed to the
Crimea, taking with him Messrs. Ainaley, Freeny; and
Wilson, all of whom are well known in connexion with
the sanitary arrangements of Liverpool.
[ADVERTISEMENT.I-111).ny thousand cures have been
effected without medicine, by Du Barry's Delicious Reva-
lenta Arabica Food, of indigestion (lyspepsia), constipation,
nervous, bilious, and liver complaints, paralysis, &c. We
quote a few :-Cure No. 52,612.-From the Dowager
Countess of Castlestuart.-" Rosstrevor, County of Down,
Ireland, 9th December, 1854.-The Dowager Countess of
Castlestuart feels induced, in the interest of suffering hu-
manity, to state that Du Barry's excellent Revalenta Ara-
bica Food has cured her, after all medicines had failed,
of indigestion, bile, great nervousness and irritability of
many years' standing. This Food deserves the confidence
of all sufferers, and may be considered a real blessing.
Inquiries will be cheerfully answered." Cure No. 71.-
Of dyspepsia, from'the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de
Decies.--‘ • I have derived considerable benefit from Du
Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food, and consider it due to
yourselves and the public to authorise the publication of
these lines.-Stuart de Decies." Cure No. 32,836.-From
the Venerable Archdeacon of Ross.- "Three years exces-
sive nervousness, with pains in my neck and left arm, and ge-
neral debility, which rendered my life very miserable, has
been radically removed by Du Barry's health-restoring Food
-Alex. Stuart, Archdeacon of Ross, Skibereen." Cure No.
4,208.-" Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility,
with cramps. spasms and nausea, have been effec-
tually removed by Du Barry's delicious Food in a very
short time.-Rev. John W. Flavell, Ridlington Rectory,
Norfolk." Cure No. 51,416.-" Fifty years' indescribable
agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, consti-
pation, flatulency, spasms, sickness at the stomach and vo-
mitings, have been removed by Dn Barry's excellent Food.
-Maria Jolly, Wortham, Ling, near Dias, Norfolk." Cure
No. 3,906.-Thirteen years' cough, indigestion, and gene-
ral debility have been removed by Du Barry's excellent
Food.-James Potter, Athol-street, Perth."-In canis-
ters, suitably packed for all climates, and with full instruc-
tions-lib., 2s. 9d.; 21b., 45. 6d. ; 51b. lls. ;121b., 225. ;
super-fefined, 11b., 6s. ; 21b., lfls. ; 511:., 22
receipt s. ; 101 b.,
post
33e.
The 101 b. and 121 b. carriage ree, on of
office order. Barry 'du Barry and Co., 77, Regens to
street, London London : Fortnum, Mason, and Co., purveyor
her Majesty, 182, Piccadilly; also at 68, Cornhill ; 60,
Gracechurch-street ; 330 and 451, Strand ; 63 and 150,
Oxford-street ; 55, Charing-cross ;4, Cheapside ;25 and
54, Upper Baker-street.
[ADVERTISEMENT.] - THE WAR IN TEE EAST. -- POWERFUL
PATENT EECONNOITRINO GLASSES.- Messrs. S. 9.11111 B. Solo-
mons, opticians, 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly. Observe
- opposite the York Hotel. 'By her Majesty's Roya.
Letters Patent for valuable and extraordinary improvements
in the most powerful and brilliant Telescopes, Camp, Race-
course, Opera, and Perspective Glasses, to know the distances
of objects viewed through them-of great importance to the
army, navy, and others. These telescopes possess such extra-
ordinary powers that some 3} incites, wih an extra eye
piece, will show distinctly Jupiter's wools, Saturn's ring,
and the double stars ; with the same telescope can be
seen a person's countenance three miles and a half distant,
and an object from 16 to 20 miles. They are of larger and all
sizes, with increasing powers accordingly ; while their vary-
ing from 4 to 6 inches enable us to discover more than the
above and the Georgian,:with his 6 satellites, &c.-The Royal
Exhibition, 1851.—Valuable, newly-invented, very small,
powerful waistcoat-pocket glass,the size of a walnut, by which
a person can be seen and known 111 miles distant ; they answer
every purpose on the race-course; and at the opera houses,
country scenery, and ships are clearly seen at 8 to 10 miles.
They are invaluable for shooting, deer-stalking, yachting, to
sportsmen, gentlemen, gamekeepers, and tourists. Opera,
race-course, camp, and perspective glasses, with wonderful
power.-Newly-constructed Spectacle Lenses of the great-
est transparent power. The valuable advantage derived
from this invention is, that vision becoming impaired is
preserved and strengthened, and very aged persons are
enabled to employ their sight at the most minute emu
pation-can see with these lenses of a muck less magnify-
ing power-and they do not require the frequent changes
to the dangerous effects of further powerful assistance. Deaf-
ness-New Discovery.-The Organic 'Vibrator, an extraordi-
narypass
powerful, small, newly-invented instrument for deafness,
allkenintiaretlhyadtiffheaistnbtefeizor
probablyothers to
eversur anything of the
can be, produced.
Being of the same colour as the skin, is not perceptible ; it
enables deaf persons to hear distinctly at church and at
public assemblies ; the unpleasant sensation of singing noises
in the ears is entirely removed ; and it affords all the assist-
ance that possibly could be desired. York ,$
Piccadilly. Observe -oppeeite the York Hotel.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

( From the Times of this day.)
The cailses to which the failure of our recent military
operations in the Crimea have been attributed are mani-
fold. Every speaker or commentator, iu Parliament or
out of it, examines the subject by the light of his own pre-
vious ideas or prepossessions. According to one, the doc-
tors have been to blame ; according to another, the tran-
sport service. A third will tell yen that all Lord Raglan,
humanly speaking, caul( be expected to accomplish was to
keep a register of thermometric changes in the neigh-
bourhood of Balaklava amid the corpses of his former le-
gions. A fourth will have it that the Duke of Newcastle
was bound not only to remit stores to Balaklava harbour,
but to take such precautions that the unfortunate men for
whose use they were intended might have reaped the bene-
fit of his labours and his foresight. The aristocratic cha-
racter of our service did all the mischief—or the dispropor-
tionate partition of the work—or the crass incapacity of the
motley Staff—or, finally, the inclemency of the seasons
and the act of God. We believe that the disappearance of
the British forces lately in leaguer before Sebastopol is due
to this one cause, which embraces all others—that there
has not been a single man in the high commands either at
home or in the Crimea who was a master in the art of
war. We say that it has been proved that neither
Lord Raglan, nor the Duke of Newcastle, nor Mr. Sidney
Herbert, has shown himself competent to organise the
steps of a campaign in the Cabinet, nor to carry them in-
to effect in the field. whey failed with the best intentions,
just as we should fail if we set about the composition
of an oratorio for the next Norwich Festival, or of a pic-
ture for the next Exhibition of the Royal Academy. Wo
should fail in such tasks not only because we are devoid
of the inspiration which constitutes musical or pictorial
genius, but because we ' should be found deficient in the
mere technical rules of thorough bass and perspective. A
blue riband athwart the breast does not make a man a
councillor, any mere th n a red coat and a decoration or
two will imply talents for high military command. The
illustrious personages just named have failed in their ope-
rations—have allowed the armies of England to slip
through their fingers into an unlaurelled grave—through
absolute ignorance of the trade they professed. What-
ever Lord Raglan may have been in subordinate commands
under the orders of the Duke of Wellington, forty years
have elapsed since he obtained his distinctions ' • and, un-
fortunately, it is more easy to forget than to acquire.
There is no suggestion that our War Ministers at
home, either recent or present, ever learned their
trade ; or, indeed save we except Lord Panmure's
peaceful service at the War-office that they ever
had an opportunity of learning it. When the whole
chapter of prevarication, shuffling, excuse , and declama-
tion against everybody who has dared to censure their
acts had been exhausted, it is impossible to extract from
it any valid argument in favour of those who despatched
a large British force upon an expedition against a formid-
able fortress in the autumnwithout havingprovided for the
contingency of a winter campaign. It was surely on the
cards that the walls of Sebastopol might not fall down as
the walls of Jericho fell of old before the blast of horn and
trumpet, and, if the meditated assault was to be converted
into a siege, surely the troops engaged in it must be
victualled, lodged, and clothed in some form or other.
This is what was not done. Had it been done the mor-
tality before Sebastopol would have been reduced to a
small fraction of the actual loss. Those who approved the
policy of the expedition are not to be blamed because our
War Ministers and Generals placed and retained our
troops before the town without food, shelter, medicine,
or clothes. The probability is, that had a corporal's guard
from the Coldstreams been 'directed against the windmill
on Wimbledon-common, and had it been so handled, the
corporal and his men would have perished by a fate similar
to that of the late British army before Sebastopol.
Now, had England been a country which had re-
mained in a state of profound peace for the last forty
years there might be some excuse for ignorance of their
profession, such as our war councillors and military chief-
tains have recently displayed. Had there been no oppor-
tuuity for gaining military knowledge we should have had
no right to be critical upon first failures. Where all are
blind the choice of a guide is but an affair of chance. But
it so happens that there is not a nation existing on the sur-
face of the globe which has enjoyed such ample opportuni-
ties of acquiring military experience as England—not
France in Algeria—not Austria in Lombardy—not Russia
in the Caucasus. British India should supply us with a
crop of practised soldiers for European use, but we will
have none of them. The letters " H.M.S." stand in the
light of the letters " H.E.1.C.5." "What ! ask the miser-
able hirelings of a trading firm"—we presume we must
stretch the facts—" to take the command over the Queen's
officers ! Perish twenty armies before such an indignity
as this !" Besides, of what does the public complain ? Can
anything be more gallant than the manner in which our
high-born officers ride their horses en the first signal
against parks of artillery on the blaze ? Can any
conduct be more worthy of admiration than that of
the British soldier, true and faithful even unto death
in the flooded trenches and on the chill bivouac ?
Alas for that burning bet misdirected courage !
Alas for that touching but useless fortitude ! The ono
and the other are equally thrown away, er serve but to
add to the enduring indignation with which every man
must think of so dismal a tragedy as the one before Sebas-
topol. Had these fearless horsemen, had these brave, pa-
tient soldiers, been but intrusted to the care of competent
generals, they would not have fallen in a manner so useless
to their country, so fearful to themselves. England has
at her disposal the moans of instructing her officers in
something more than regimental duties, but she will not
use them. Generals who do not understand the art of war
must be employed, and those who do understand the art of
war must not be employed, owing to the insane and suicidal
distinction which has been maintained between the Queen's
and the Company's service. To officers who have gained
experience we deny employment—to those who would gain
experience the means of obtaining it. Time and custom
blind us to absurdities ; but let us view our own practice
by a comparison of what might be in the French service if
in military matters the French were not a wiser and more
practical people than ourselves. Suppose, then, our
French friends to maintain a wall of ice between the
Emperor's and the Algerine service, and what would have
become of the French army before Sebastopol? We
will answer the question, as all our readers will answer it
at once,—they would have been festering in hospitals or
rotting in their unhonoured graves, even like our poor
countrymen. Take a list of French officers now employed
before Sebastopol and strike out the Algerino heroes—from
Canrobert, Bosquet, Pelissier downwards,—who remains
General Peel put it well to the house en Monday night,—
"It was said we had no able Generale and no competent
Staff. Why. did not the house believe that it was our
own fault ? Did they not believe that these men who made
such good regimental officers would make equally good
generals, and equally competent Staff officers ? To com-
plain under such circumstance would be as if a man who
kept only a gig shou;d turn round upon his servant and
complain because he could not drive four-in-hand." The
British colonies are so many gigs, British India our four-
in-hand ; but we will not choose our long stagers from
that box. Was not Arthur Wellesley styled a General of
Sepoys ?

(From the Morning Herald of this clog.)

It will not do, and Lord Palmerston knows it. He has
proved himself not the man for the hour and the work. He
may well look harassed and disconcerted, for he feels that he
is being roughly told the truth in the house, night after night,
on each occasion more sternly. What did he undertake to
do? To reconcile an infuriate country—infuriate though
quiet- to the reversal of its judgment ; who, having said,
we will not have these men to rule over us, are jauntingly
told that they shall. The clique, however, are crestfallen,
for they also find that the thing will not do. The sweetest
arrangements have been made, but, unfortunately, with-
out consulting the party chiefly concerned—the country ;
and on Monday night symptoms, not to be mistaken, ap-
peared of an approaching defection of some of their staunch
adherents.
It is "the old, old story," the same men, the same pod-
dlingameasures, a mere incarnation of red-tapery. But the
thing is worn out. Tt is among the things that are gone ;
but Lord Palmerston likes it after all, or is made to ap-
pear to like it. He cannot change measures, because he
has not changed men ; for the slightly-varied avec: of the
present Government, as compared with the same Govern-
ment under the Earl of Aberdeen, would seem like a de-
tected thief cutting off his whiskers, and sticking on a
pair of moustaches, in the very presence of the policeman
approaching to arrest him. So Lord Palmerston, before
the broad fierce eye of the country, cuts off an earl and a
duke, and pops in—Panmure and Peel.
We have weaned Lord Palmerston from the first, that
he might find, sooner than he dreamed of, that in his case
vaulting ambition had o'erleaped itself, and in rendering
other combinations impossible, in order to secure his own
primacy, he has only demonstrated the short-sightedness
of the attempt.
What the country wants at this moment is, as we in our
consciences believe, to see the Earls of Derby and Ellen-
borough, and Mr. Disraeli promptly installed in power,
and inaugurating changes which the present men have al-
ready shown themselves incapable of doing. To this it
must come sooner or later, and the sooner the better ; for
everyday—every hour—is unspeakably precious. We verily
believe that if Lord Palmerston and his wheezing inca-
ttihvaet quicklyGoi
t hvaae
attest
teames
the
lengtht h e pouotu
in
ng
tortytheirsnowpl ace the
r satisfaction.
men—men
pables were swept away, and a strong, united, Conserve-
nlntgo tfwarone usdlpBdownksoniubol responsible
for the horrible fooleries which have be
en perpetrated
during the last twelve months, having
no motive for con-
cealment, but rather every motive for a most searching in-
vestigation ; and at the same time the will and the power
to turn over instantly a new leaf in the councils of the
country.
We foresee that Ministers will find the house more and
more intractable every night, and that Lord Palmerston
will lose his temper, tact, and presence of mind in propor-
tion to his perception of the disheartening fact that he is
in a false and untenable position. But he is not the only
party that can get angry. The house is getting angry, and
all the angrier because it sees the country getting so angry
that it is almost inclined to lend its ear to ,revolitionary
teachings.
If Messrs. Cobden and Bright had not lost their popu-
larity by their un-English sentiments about the war—had
they sympathised with the people, the country would have
been by this time in the flames of agitation from John
e'Groat's to the Land's-end. But these trained and veteran
agitators are not wanted. Tho agitation is beginning';
and the fatal foolery of Lord Palmerston, in sticking to
the old men and the old measures, is only adding fuel to
the fire which will quickly consume him.
Lord Palmerston, we have some reason to believe, is
meditating a coup eretat—a dissolution. A dissolution !
what for? To return the Peelite faction? To return any
one of those who have, as Lord Palmerston has, delibe-
rately and ostentatiously avowed their responsibility for
the frightful calamities which have befallen us ? To return
a Gladstone, who could so shamelessly misrepresent the
numbers of our army—Mr. Gladstone, who has mainly
brought abont the misery and sufferings of that army—
Mr. Gladstone, with his doubled income tax, and whose
hateful emissaries are paying their compliments to us all
as income tax collectors, grinning as they' take their
doubled quota, and think that next time that doubled will
be doubled.
It is not for nothing that the ill-omened Mr. Coppock
is at this moment in such activity; but he cannot by all
his devices return Lord Palmerston a majority. England

will have a clean sweep of all those who have brought her
to the present pass, and yet have the surpassing impudence
to essay to govern her. As Mr. Coppock, however, and
his employers aro on the look-out, so let our Conservative
friends, who may depend upon it that they will be wel-
comed warmly by a country which has nothing to fear and
everything to hope from their return to power ; who have
no apologies to effer, no falsehoods to tell, in order to
screen and mislead ; and who will calm down that excite-
ment which Lord Palnierstm and his disgraced and des-
perate faction are, either consciously or unconsciously,
fanning into revolution !

NAVAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE.

The Royal George, screw, 102, Captain Codrington,
is in Sheerness basin. She has taken in her lower dock
guns, and will most probably at once take in her otheFs
where she now is, as, in consequence of the ice, it is
quite impracticable to open the caisson. As soon, kow-
ever, as.the thaw takes place, out she is to go into the
stream, when her bands will turn over to her from the
barracks in the yard.

The Exmouth, 91, screw, Captain Hon. F. Pelham,
left Devonport on Monday for a few days' cruise.
The Cressy, 81, Captain Warner, is in the stream at
Sheerness, ready for sea at a moment's notice.

The Russell, 61, block-ship, is in the basin at Sheer-
ness, and mechanics working at her day and night. The
Sir Charles Napier and another barge were towed down
here on Sunday from Blackwell, containing her three
boilers, which are of the round high-pressure build, but
in consequence of the ice they are now in the basin, as
it is impossible to open the caisson to allow them in, and
they are too heavy to cart round to the shears, which
are indispensable in hoisting them on beard. Every
possible facility is being given to bring her forward.
The-Arrogant, 46, Captain Yelverton, completed the
adjustment of her compasses at Portsmouth yesterday,
and is re-shipping her stores.
At Portsmouth, yesterday, the Retribution, 28, paddle
frigate, Captain Fisher, was taken into the steam basin
to receive new boilers and refit.

The Cruizer, 17, screw, Commander Hon. H. Doug-
las, arrived at Devonport on Monday. Her defects are
to be made good there.
The Conflict, 8, screw, Captain Owning, arrived at
Devonport on Monday, to make good defects.
The Desperate, 8, screw, Commander It. White,
Sheerness basin, sent a telegraphic despatch to the Ad-
miralty for orders to allow her to be hauled into No. 1
dry dock, to have an overhaul of tie tubes in the
bottom, &c.
The Centaur, 6, paddle-frigate, Captain Clifford,
hauled under the shears and shipped her masts.
The Driver, 6, paddle, is in the stream at Sheerness.
She is to be decked to have a look at her bottom, as soon
as practicable, but at present, on account of the ice, that
is impossible.

The Basilisk, 6, paddle, Commander Jenner, went into
the north dock, Portsmouth, yesterday, for examination.
Rhadamanthus, paddle, store ship, Master Comman-
der Belam, hauled out of the steam basin, Portsmouth,
yesterday, and in warping out into the stream the wind
caught her quarter, which caused her to foul the iron
caisson, in the north dock, which carried away about 20
feet of her bulwarks abaft the paddle box on the port
side. She sailed for Woolwich at 3 o'clock.

FINANCIAL REPORT TO THE EMPEROR,

OF TEE FRENCH.

The Moniteur contains the following report to
the Emperor from the Minister of Finance :
Sire—At the moment at which the budget of 1856 is
about to be submitted to the deliberations of the Legis-
lative Body, I ask your Majesty's permission to place
before you, according to custom, a summary account of
the two principal elements of the general situation of
finances—l mean the budgets and the floating debt, or,
in other terms, the deficits (decouverts) of the Treasury,
and of the variable resources by means of which they are
provided for. To give a complete idea of this situation,
it is indispensable to recall to mind some facts already
old, relative to accounts closed and settled ; and to in-
dicate the certain or probable results of the year 1853,
the accounts of which are in course of being settled ; of
the year 1854, which is being liquidated ; of the year
1855, which is beginning ; and of the budget of 1856,
which is only a project.
The deficits from the budgets previous to the revolu-
tion of February, 1848, only amounted in appearance to
the sum of 581,388,165f.' but in reality they amounted
to nearly 800,000,0001. for it has not been forgotten
that 202,316,175 f., taken from the Savings Banks and
employed in the expenses of the state, though converted
into rentes, did not the less remain liable to be called for
by the depositors who had not consented to that trans-
formation of their securities. I must hasten to say that
the mass of these deficits, created by former Govern-
ments, no longer wholly weighs en the Treasury ; it was
considerably reduced in 1843. The definitive consolida-
tion of the funds from Savings Banks and of the Treasury
Bills, enabled at that epoch, the burden to be reduced
to 292,541,375 f.; and that sum now figures, as a
legacy from the past, amongst the_ nausea of our j
existing floating debt. The year 1848, on account of
the grave events with which the country was agi-
tated, would have presented an enormous deficit,
if it had not been for the special resources which
were employed to prevent it. Thanks to these re-
sources, which exceeded 450,000,000 fr., the accounts of
the year were balanced by a simple deficit of 3,000,000
fr. The budgets of 1849, 1850, 1851, and 1852, all
closed and settled, present altogether a deficit of
382,000,000 fr. This figure, which may appear high, is
explained by the peculiar circumstances of the years
1849 and 1850 which wore still agitated, of the year
1851 which was so full of uncertainty, of the year 1852
devoted to the foundation of a new Government on bases
more in conformity with the grandeur of the country.
But iu fact it is its moderate amount which should
cause surprise, if we consider that, within the same
period, there were disbursed in extraordinary works, des-
tined to be profitable to the future, more than 366,000,000
fr., 209,000,000 fr. of which were taken exclusively from
the ordinary resources of the budgets, a thing which, in
good justice, ought not to have been done. The bud-
get of 1853 is in the course of being settled. The law
on accounts has been prepared, and is about to be
submitted to the Council of State. The general results
of that year are therefore now known with certainty.
Notwithstanding the difficulties which arose during the
last half-year, they show a notable increase compared
with the estimates. The excess of expenses, which was
34,000,000 f. at the time of the vote, has been reduced
to 23,000,000 f. But a sum of 88,654,490 f. was em-
ployed in the execution of great public works, though
the special resources applicable to them were only
54,894,945 f. Without the 34,000,000 f. of the ordinary
budget, instead of the deficit to which I refer, there
would have been an excess of receipts of more than
10,C00,000f. The year of 1854 which is in course
of liquidation wiil present, according to all appear-
ances, a perfectly analogous result. On comparing
the increase of receipts and expenses, and taking
into account the credits which will probably be an-
nulled, it may be admitted that it will be balanced
by a deficit of about 60,000,000 f. This result is
sufficiently explained by the unforeseen and unavoidable
circumstances which necessitated in the course of the
year the opening of large coedits. I will specially cite
the arrears of the loan of 250,000,0.0 f. ; the subven-
tions amounting to more than 10,000,000 f. accorded to
communes and charitable establishments ; the con-
struction of annexes for the Universal Exhibition of
Fine Arts and Manufactures, and other wants not
less urgent, such as relief for the cholera. But the
fact which is specially worthy of remark is that in addi-
tion to the special resources which are set apart for
them. Extraordinary works absorbed the enormous sum
of 66,000,000 fr. Without this low), levied on the ordi-
nary resources, this budget, like the preceding, would
have closed by an excess of receipts of several millions,
notwithstanding the incidental charges with which it was
burdened. With respect to the year 1854, your Majesty
will see with satisfaction how extensive are the resources
of the country, and how great is its confidence, since,
in epits of the state of war, in spite of the bread crisis,
in spite of the epidemy which has spread through a great
number of departments, the indirect taxes have equalled
expectations, and have obtained the high level of the
preceding year.
The Budget of 1855, which was voted with an excess
of receipts of 3,981,905 fr., is only at its commencement,
and it is absolutely impossible to foresee what will be
the balance of it. The results of the first month, as far
as regards the indirect revenue, are most satisfactory ;
they exceed by nearly eight millions (7,959,000 fr.) these
of the corresponding month of 1854. It certainly would
not be wise to over-rate the consequences of such a fine
commencement, but it nevertheless does not appear to
have been produced by any accidental and transient
cause. The months of Oct,., Nov., and Dec. had already
shown a marked indication of an improvement, and it is
therefore fair to hope it may continue, and that affairs will
still follow the ascendant progress which has been so
long apparent, and which there can be no doubt is due
to the uneasiness which the prevalence of the cholera and
the food crisis had occasioned. I beg your Majesty to
allow me fur a moment to call your attention to the bud-
get of 1856, the preparations for which are now com-
pleted, and which is about to be transmitted to the
Legislative Body. At first drawing it up the anti-
cipation of the expenses were such that it was con-
sidered as impossible to provide fur them without the
creation of fresh resources. The necessity of inscribing
in the budget the arrears of the new loan of five hundred
millions appeared to lead to that of re-establishing the
additional 17 centimes to the land tax, which had been
suppressed by the law of August 7, 1850. Your Majesty
was desirous that, above all things, the budget should be
a work of sincerity. Relying on the co-operation of the
country which, by subscribing to tho loan with such ex-
traordinary eagerness, has just given to your Majesty a
mark of confidence unprecedented in the history of na-
tions, your Majesty would not have hesitated before the
necessary consequences of such an act, notwithstanding
your lively solicitude for lauded property and for the tax
payers. I have, however, shown by the example of former
budgets that the deficits had been caused by the loans taken
from the ordinary public revenue for the benefit of great
public works. The same result will be produced from
the budget of 1856. Notwithstanding the 27 million.;
arising from the re-establishment of the 17 centimes, that
budget would have had a deficit of more than 10 mil-
lions if the dotation for extraordinary public works had
not been modified and divided among ulterior budgets.
It is not without utility to call to mind the plan
adopted by former Governments on this subject. They
borrowed in order to execute great works of general
utility. A sum of nine millions (8,960,200 f.) still stands
every year in our budgets t• pay the debt contracted by
the Restoration for the construction of canals. The ar-
rears of the 600 millions borrowed by the Government
of July will weigh for ever on our Grand Livre. It
must be admitted that these prolonged charges are legi-
mate ; the great public works which were executed
benefit the future and constitute a source of riches,
of which future generations enjoy the benefit, and it is
therefore just to bequeath to them the load at least in
part. This is particularly incontestable as regards rail-
way's. Independent of their powerful action on industry,
which must give to the public fortune an increses which
for my part, I believe to be incalculable, it must nut be
forgotten that they must one day, ace neling to the con-
ditions of contract return to the State. It ise.therefore,
a property of several milliards destined to produce an
annual revenue of several hundreds of millions which is
formed at present for the benefit of the future. In 1853
the gross revenue of the railways was 165 millions, and
in 1354 it had risen to 196 millions. :Any combination
which can tend to divide over a great number of years,
the expense resulting from it is, therefore, just and rea-
sonable.
Y our Majesty has approved of these principles and
authorised me to fellow up as much as possible the ap-
plication of them in the last provisional conventions con-
cluded with the railway companies. Doubtless the re-
sult obtained will not produce an alleviation equal to
that which would have arisen from a special loan.
Nevertheless, thanks to these conventions, a sum of
34,650,000 fr. has been cut off from the budget of Pub-
lic Works for 1856. A considerable advantage, equally
welcomed by your Majesty, was the immediate con-
sequence of this proceeding : the seventeen additional
centimes to the land-tax, which it had been in con-
templation to re-establish, have been abandoned.
On the other hand, it has appeared possible, without
impeding affairs, to subject bonds and receipts to the(
produce
duties which existed before the law of A ug. 7, 1850,
thea
which and
thus to increase by seven millions the
registration duties. These measures,havoe ,
-
re-
moved the necessity of re-establishing
the charges for
merly borne by landed_ property,
haveallowed at the
same time the inscription on the budget of the expenses
of the interest of the two loans, the charging the
State with two millions for departmental prisons,
and to leave, notwithstanding, a surplus in the receipts
of 4,140,486 francs. If the conventions concluded
provisionally with. the railway companies, receive, as
ear as
aregards their financial clauses, the sanction of the
ILegislative Body, the favourable effects of it will not be
confined to the budget of 1856. The engagements of
the State towards these companies had not in general
any fixed term. The more or less rapid progress of the
works led to more or less considerable payments, which
the treasury had to make each year. Hence arose un-
certainty in the calculation of the expenses and the
enormous supplementary credits which increased them.
For the future that inconvenience will not exist. All
the debts of the State resulting from old contracts
or new concessions, are determined on and divided
k into fixed periods, which are independent of the execn-

[-PRICE SD.

tion of the works. The State will arrive at the end of
its sacrifices, and will secure the completion of the net-
work of railways by the means of relatively small an-
nual payments. In fact, the sums appropriated by the
treasury to the railways have lately amounted to an
average outlay of about 64 millions a-year. It results,
therefore, from the table annexed to the present report
that all the charges of the State, including the subven-
tions granted to the Grand Central and to the Nor-
mandy and Brittany lines will be as follow :-35 millions
in 1857, 30 in 1858, 22 in 1859, 17 in each of the fol-
lowing years up to 1865, and only 81 millions in 1866,
1867, and 1565. According to all probability the sub-
, ventious which may be necessary for the lines which re-
main to be conceded in the Pyrenean region, if they
change these conditions will not produce any very sen-
sible effect on them. It may, therefore, be hoped that
the expenses of the railways thus reduced and regulated
will no longer, as has been often the case, concur in de-
ranging the economy of budgetary previsions.
Recurring to the closed estimates, the deficits of
which alone impose on the treasury a certain charge, it
will be sees, Sire, that they may be summed up as
follows :

Years. anterior to the Revolution
of 1848 292,541,375fr.
1848 3,005,050
1849, 1850, 1851, 1852 382,128,127
1853

700,823,097 fr.

With the resources of the floating debt and those
which are supplied by the anticipations of receipts is the
expenses of the budget, the Treasury has been able with-
out embarrassment to meet these deficits, the 78,000.000 fr.
reimbursed in 1852 to the owners of 5 per Cent. Stock
who did not accept the conversion, and the current wants
of the service. Owing to the' reiouress_,of. the last-
loan, which enabled my predecessor to reinabinieto
the Bank of France the 30,000,000 fr. which it had
temporarily advanced, the floating debt at the mo-
ment at which I speak is but little different from what
it was last year, when the expose des motifs of the budget
of 1855 estimated it at 697, 339, 400 fr. If we deduct, as
was then rightly done, the 65,000,000 francs of bills due
to the Bank, and which are not properly speaking a
floating debt, since, according to conventions, they are
to be reimbursed by annual instalments of 5,000,000 fr.
—as also the dotation funds of charitable societies, and
the fund for giving retiring pensions to ecclesiastics
which are not to bereimbursed—we arrive far the floating
debt properly so called at the sumof 691,943,045 f. The
elements of which this suns is composed present nothing
which is not moral and re-assuring. The most variable
part of it, that which requires the greatest vigilance, I
mean the Treasury-bills remitted to divers persons, and
the funds of the Savings' Banks, have been reduced to
reasonable limits ; the Treasury-bills do not exceed
218,000,000 f., and the funds of the Savings' Banks
180,000, 000 f.

I have not spoken of the extraordinary expenses occa-
sioned by the Eastern war,—which are to be provided
for by the resources from the two loans. A special ac-
count of them shall be given to your Majesty as soon as
the payment of the expenses shall permit the results to
be ascertained. I will confine myself to saying to your
Majesty that the amount of specie in the Treasury,
which at this moment is 88,000,000 E, gives every facility
of providing for the current expense of the public ser-
vices.

I will not terminate this report without pointing out
to your Majesty two very remarkable facts which strik-
ingly prove the good-will, confidence, and easy circum-
stances of the populations in 1854, notwithstanding the
various visitations which have made them suffer so cruelly.
In his report of last year, my predecessor, remarking
that on the 31st December, 1853, the payment of the
direct taxes exceeded by 13,500,000 fr: what was due,
whilst the proportion of the expense of legal proceedings
had declined, said with justice that never had the pay-
ments in advance been so large. But a new progress
took place in 1854. On the 31st December last the
payments in advance were 16,000,000 fr., and the amount
of costs was further reduced. Another fact not less fa-
vourable, for it is at once a proof of welfare and a cause
of security, is the purchase of renter effected by the
Treasury for the inhabitants of the departments. The ex-
cess of purchases over sales used to average 40,000,000 fr.
a-year ; once only, owing to peculiar circumstances, it
attained 68,000,000 fr. But in 1853 this excess
amounted to 86,000,000 fr., and it exceeded the enor-
mous amount of 94,000,000 fr. in 1854.

Such is, Sir, notwithstanding the difficulty of the
times, the general situation. In a country which pos-
sesses such elements of wealth, and under the firm and
prudent action of the goverment of the Emperor, it must
inspire all interests with confidence—l am, ac.,
P. MAGNE.

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.