The Sun.
London, England, 1855-05-10 00:00:00

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LONDON, Tu URSDAY EVENING, MAY 10, 1855.

guarantees against the dangers which menace Turkey on
the side of Russia. It is not enough to devise means
eventually to put an end to the conflict when it has
already broken out ; it is necessary to remove the possi-
bility of a conflict, since every conflict disturbs Europe.
The new Russian project, allowing the inequality of
forces in the Black Sea to remain, only assures Europe
with respect to the issue of the misunderstandings which
may arise. With the object of obviating the possibility
of this, France has proposed an engagement to ensure
respect fer the territorial integrity of Turkey. This en-
gagement, to which Russia refuses its assent, was a gua-
rantto for the Sublime Porte more important than the
help which is prospectively offered to her ; for if the
Russian fleet is powerful, the forces to be opposed to it
will be even morn considerable, and if it he weak, the
help it will he able to bring will not be effective.
Prince Gortschakoff states that She counterpoise to the
Russian sirsponderance would he contained in the power
of the Sultan to call to his assistance foreign fleets,
and that the most solid guarantee fer the territorial in-
tegrity and independence of Turkey is contained in its
admission into the European system ' • that, on the other
hand, the existence of a formidable Russian fleet in the
Black Sea is, in his eyes, a condition essential both to
the balance of power in Europe, and to the indepen
deuce of the Porte. However, he takes cognisance of
the opinion expressed by the Austrian Minister for Fo-
reign Affairs on the new Russian proposition, expressing
the hope that the plenipotentiaries of France and Great
Britain, whose instructions he much regretted to find did
not permit of their taking part in the drscussion, will
submit it to their courts, and he does not doubt that the
Ottoman plenipoteritiariee. would too well appreciate
its importance and its advantages not immediately to
ask the Sublime Porte for instructions on this subject.
M. Drouyn de l'Huys agrees with Count Buol that the
Rdssian project is not a basis, and that it contains at
most an element, inasmuch as the principle of closing is
preferable to that of opening. Such as it is his instruc-
tions do not allow him to take part in the discussions,
neither will he consent to take it to Paris. -
Baron Bourqueney states that the position is not modi-
fied by the new propositions, and wishes it to be under-
stood that the silence which they voluntarily impose
upon themselves should not be taken for adhesion.
M. de Titoff remarks that it appeared to be forgotten
that the third guarantee had for its object to put an end
to the maritime preponderance of Russia in the Black
Sea, strengthening at once the independence and the
power of self-government of the Porte. This double ob-
ject seems to him better secured by the Russian project
than by the principle of limitation maintained by the
opposite party, so that Russia, if she had the ambitious
plans which are imputed to her, would even have reason
to prefer a certain limitation, resulting practically from
the state of things, to a combination which opens the
Black Sea to foreign fleets as soon as the Sublime Porte
should consider herself menaced.
The plenipotentiaries of Austria having said that it
was for that reason that they would have wished to see
adopted the plan of a direct understanding to be arrived
at in the conferences between the sea-bordering powers,
on the reciprocal limitation of their naval forces. Prince
Gortschakoff declares that it is one thing to appreciate
the practical value of a direct understanding respecting
a reciprocal limitation, as M. de Titoff was the first to
do; but another to force upon Russia this limitation by
means of a negotiation in the conference—a course which
appears to him impracticable, and which the Ottoman
plenipotentiaries have moreover declined.
M. Drouyn de l'Huys lays claim to having originated
the Van of a direct understanding, adding, that Aali
Paella had not objected to the form in which he himself
had proposed it, but that he was only opposed to an un-
derstanding being come to out of the conference, as con-
trary to the reciprocal engagements contracted by the
alliss.
Prince Gortschakoff recalls to mind that M. de Titoff
etlyhecotelurednincge.existing be-
n h
art,
having been adopted in common, the basis of the th'aa'Ad", anol acste' hspas aaatneddsv edhreti his dnOi tit! oivn ion that the third point
ar-
rar.gement which is to bring about its solution could in
the same manner not be settled except in common and
in the conference; that direct negotiations with the Rus-
sian plenipotentiaries °Ohs subject of this point would
be contrary to the reciprocal engagements contracted
between the allied powers ; and that it is only with re-
ference to the details that recourse might be had to the
mode here proposed.
M. Drouyn de l'Huys states that his plan embraces
the three essential points of view : Ist, to embody the
guarantee of the allies in the general treaty ; 21, to give
to this guarantee the form of a distinct understanding
between the sea•bordering powers ; and lastly, to pre-
vent any of the allies from entering into a separate ar-
rangement.

~.
t.,

Count Buol having in conclusion taken cognisance of
the two principles contained in the proposed article?,
Prince Gortschakoff remarks that it must not be for-
gotten that these two principles were intimately con-
nected with the adoption of the whole plan which he
proposed.
Baron Prokesch having recurred to the question as to
the sense to he attached to the guarantee granted by the
contracting powers to the Sublime Porte, M. Drouyn
de l'lduys states that be has already pointed out the
want of solidity in the guarantees offered by Russia on
her part to the Ottoman empire. If its integrity be yin-
lated-on land, Russia dues not engage to Defend it, but
only to interpose her good offices ; if it he attacked by
sea, Russia holds out the eventual assistance of her
fleet by requesting that it be allowed to enter the Medi-
terranean.

Prince Gortschakoff having answered that since it is
the interest of Russia to defend the independence of the
Porte, the explicit engagement is unnecessary, M.
Drouyn de l'Huys remarks that it was not a question of
interests emanating from 'geographical position, but of
positive stipulations.
Aali Pacha maintains that in the terms of the engage-
ment to be taken, all misunderstanding between the
Sublime Porte and one of the contracting powers should
be considered as a question of European interest ; that,
consequently, the circumstances under which the com-
mon guarantee might entail war, could not be imminent.
Prince Gertschakoff having expressed the hope that
the ideas set forth by the plenipotentiaries of Rusia
would be taken into serious consideration, the plenipo-
tentiaries of France, Great Britain, and Turkey declare
that they can only persist in their original declaration.
Count Boot resumes by reiterating the opinions pro.
nounced by him ; adds that the project developed by the
Minister for Foreign Affairs of France and declined by the
plenipotentiaries of Russia, contained a complete and effi-
cacious system ; that he could not say as much of the pro-
positions put forward this day ; that Russia in attaching
to the mutual guarantee the value only of an engagement
not to encroach on the independence and territorial in-
tegrity of the Ottoman Empire, reduces it, in fact, to an
obligation which may be said to be self-evident that the
arrangement proposed to act as an application of the
principle of the cessation of Russian preponderance of
the Black Sea, limits itself to the power reserved to the
Sultan of calling foreign fleets to his aid whenever the
preponderance of the Russian fleet should become
threatening to him, which, in fact, would only tend to
augment the chances of a misunderstanding ; that, to
sum up, the Russian propositions could only be con-
sidered as including principles of a nature to be intro-
duced into a general and complete system.
M. Drouyn de l'Huys concurs in every respect with
the language of Count Buol.
The Ottoman plenipotentiaries concur on their part.
At the moment et &osing the meeting, Prince Gort-
echakoff declares that the plenipotentiaries of Russia have
amply reckon-fed their word by proposing several plans
of solutoit
(Signed)
BUOL-SCHAUENSTEIN.
GORTSCHAKOFF. PROK ESC H-OSTEN.
TITOFF. DnOUYN DE L'HUYS.
E 0 URQUENEY.
W ES I'MORLA.ND.
AALI.
AA RIF.

Inclosure in No. 14.
Annex to Protocol No. 13.
(Translation.)
Article 1. The principle of the closing of the Straits
of the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles in time of peace,
sanctioned by the ancient legislation of the Sublime
the Bosphorus, exception, the
to the
Porte, and by the treaty of July 1-13, 1841, remains in
full force.
Article 2. His Highness the Sultan reserves to himself
of
temporary
fleets of foreign powers which the Sublime Porte should
think it necessary to summon whenever she should think
thest r
a poweritsof the to open,
Dardanelles
and
of
her security menaced.

COURT or LIEUTENANCY.—The Lord Mayor held 'a
court on Monday for the purpose of congratulating the
Emperor Napoleon on his escape from the hand of an
assassin. The resolution was moved by Mr. Josiah
Wilson, seconded by Sir G. Carroll, carried unani-
mously, and ordered to be presented to the French am-
bassador by the Loyd Mayor and a deputation. Colonel
Wilson stated that reports were coming' in very fast that
many of those who hail refused Lord Panrnure's offer
in the first instance had altered their opinion, and were
rejoining the regiment, which he expected would soon
complet.: its full complement of m-ei ; and that, with a'
few exceplons, they were conducting themselves in 'a
very orderly and attentive manner. Several applications
ft ,r commissions were referred to the head-quarters' con •
ti i.tee. In answer to Mr. Kennard, Colonel Wilson said
that, as s on as the recruits were perfect in their drill,
applicat ou would he made for more officer,.
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