The Sun.
London, England, 1855-07-24 00:00:00

PE A

RIA EA. 1 E

lag members :-Mr. Cheatham, Mr. Alderman .Challis,
S;r W. Clay, Mr. Aleock, Mr. Fox, Mr. Disraeli, Mr.
Wilkinson,-and Mr. Massey.

' 's‘ relieve them and liberate t7)e:11. The principle of the
1 • clause had been already sanctioned in the case of the
coal-heavers.
Lord STANLEY of ALDERLEY said a monopoly
was a sole arm exclusive right of disposing of a c.n.nnio-
slits', and this clause would give the Trinity House the
exclusive power of getting ballast.
.The Bishop of OXFORD said the clause wsuld allow
the shiplwners to get the ballast as they pleased, and
would only interfere with a set of middlemen who inter-
posed between the shipowners and the ballast-heavers.
Lord STANLEY of ADDERLEY still denied the
soundness of the principle oil which the clause was
framed.
The Bishop, of LONDON supported the clause on
moral, social, and religious grounds, considerations which
he hoped would weigh with their lordships. These bal-
last-heavers were in a state of social slavery, and merely
sought emancipation.
The Bishop of OXFORD then handed in the clause,
stating that it was not his intention to press it in that
stage of the bill. •
The bill then went through committee.
RELIGIOUS WORSHIP BILL.
On the motion that this bill be read a third time,
The Bishop of OXFORD said he wished to make a few
observations personal to himself. The first time this bill
was discussed he (the Bishop of Oxford) stated that a
meeting of the bench of bishops was held, at which meet-
ing the bill was unanimously condemned. In the debate
which subsequently took place his right rev. friend the
Bishop of London corrected an extremely malevolent and
slanderous statement which appeared in a newspaper
purporting to be of a religiouscharacter, and to the effect
that he (the Bishop of Oxford) had stated an entire false-
hood, as no such meeting as that to which he referred bad
taken place at all. Even after the correction of his right
rev. friend this newspaper pertinaciously sdhered to its
malevolent misrepresentation, and maintained the state-
ment that the entire thing was a fabrication on his part.
Ns,w the meeting took pace under the presidency of the
Archbishop of Canterbury, and the bill was nenvine Mir
tradicente condemned. He should be unworthy of their
lordships' respect did he misrepresent even to a hair's
breadth any matter ; and he now took that further op-
portunity of setting himself right in reference to this ab-
surd and slanderous imputation. (Hear.)
The bill was read a third time and passed.
The Burials Bill was read a third time and passed.
The Dwelling-houses (Scotland) Bill was read a third
time and passed.
The Crime and Outrage (Ireland) Continuance Bill
was also read a third time and passed.
The Turnpike Acts Continuance Bill passed through
committee.
The West Indies Relief Loans Arrangement Bill also
passed through committee.
The Lunatic Asylums (Ireland) Bill was read a second
time.
The Huddersfield Burial-ground Act Amendment Bill
was also read a second time.
THE EDUCATION (SCOTLAND) BILL.
Lord POLWARTH said he wished to know whether,
if the Government did not mean to introduce before the
close of the session a bill for continuing to the paro-
chial schoolmasters in Scotland the present amount of
their salaries,' they would be prepared to support such a
measure if brought forward by some independent mem-
ber of Parliament 1
The Duke of ARGYLL said that if the Government
did not think it advisable to introduce such a measure,
he thought it could hardly he expected that they would
give to it their support if it should be brought forward
by some member of Parliament unconnected with them.
He quite agreed with those who said it would be very
unfair to make the schoolmasters in Scotland suffer in
consequence of differences of opinion among members of
the Legislature on the subject of, education? But the
Government did not consider it desirabla to bring forward
a continuance bill in that case during the present Bessie!),
mainly because they did not believe that it was really
wanted. The present salaries would be paid to the pa-
rochial schoolmasters in Scotland up to the next Parlia-
ment, and the next payment would not be due to them
until a period which would extend more than two
months and a half beyond the usual time of the re-
assembling of. Parliament, so that a sufficient oppor-
tunity would be afforded of re-considering the subject.
The Duke of BUCCLEUCH said that if the act were
not renewed in the present session the people of Scotland
would be put to the inconvenience of making prepara-
tions for an alteration of the law before Parliament could
re-assemble. He should take that opportunity of ex-
pressing his belief that the most determined opposition
would be offered to any attempt to destroy the parochial
school system in Scotland. But at the same time he
did not deny that a different kind of schools was neces-
sary in the large towns and populous districts.
The conversation then dropped, and their lordships
adjourned. •

SUPPLY 'OF GUANO.

Mr. STIRLING asked the first Lord of tha Admi-
ralty if the comma,nderB of her Majesty's naval squadron
in the Pacific had reported the progress of the search,
promised by the late Board of Admiralty, for undisco-
vered deposits of guano within the bounds of that sta-
tion ; and whethvr there would be any objection to pro-
duce their reports ?
Sir C. WOOD said no report had yet been received on
the subject.

HOUSE OF COMMONS-(YESTERDAY.)

The SPEAKER took the chair at 12 o'clock.
The Lords' amendments to the following bills were
considered and agreed to :—Severn Valley Railway
Somerset Central Railway ; Torquay District Churches.
The following bills were read a second time :—Hadow'
Divorce ; Jones's Divorce ; Merton's College Estate
Sumner's Divorce.

NEW WRIT.,
On the motion of Mr. HAYTER, a new writ was
ordered for Southwark, in the room of Sir W. Moles-
worth, appointed Secretary of State for the Colonies.
NUISANCES REMOVAL AMENDMENT BILL,
On the order of the day for the third reading of the
above bill, some discussion took place on proposed
amendments in various clauses that had been postponed
in committee on the bill.
On clause 45 being put as amended,
Mr. CHILDS moved as an amendment to insert a
proviso that the operation of the clause should not interfere
with the efficient working of trades, or be extended to
mine., or the smelting of ores and minerals.
After some considerable discussion. in which Mr.
Henley, Lord R. Grosvenor, Mr. Dillwyn, Mr.
Muntz, and several other members took part,
The house divided, when there appeared—
For the proviso 35
Against it s 32 .
Majority for the proviso —3
The proviso was then added to the bill, which was
read a third time and passed.
METROPOLITAN BUILDINGS BILL.
The house then went into committee on this bill, for
the purpose of considering the schedules.
After some short discussion the schedules, with some
verbal amendments, were agreed to, and the bill was
ordered to be reported.
PASSENGERS ACT AMENDMENT BILL.
• The house then went into committee on this bill.
Clauses 1R to 26 were agreed to without opposition.
On clause 27. having reference to life-boats,
Capt. SCOBELL proposed that instead of leaving a
vessel to choose her own life-boat, that it be left to the
Admiralty to select a perfectly adapted boat for that
purpose, and that the Admiralty be also. empowered; to
order a second life-boat in vessels of large tonnage, it
such should be considered advisable. The hon. and
-salient gentleman recommended for adoption the inven
don of the Rev. Mr. Bartham, a model of which was ex-
hibited in the United Service Museum.
Mr. J. BALL thought it was rather premature. to
make such a provision as that suggested by the hon. and
gallant member, inasmuch as the naval authorities of the
country had not yet come to a decision upon the point
in regard to troop ships, in which most valuable lives
were usually embarked. He should imagine that ship-
owners, as a matter of self-interest, would take care to
provide the best means of security in case of shipwreck.
Captain SCOBELL having replied, insisting that
there was great responsibility resting upon the authori-
ties to take every precaution in case of accident, and
that that object could be best attained by the measure
he advocated,
Some further discussion took place in opposition to
the amendment of the hon. and gallant member for Bath
(Captain Scohell.l
Captain SCOBELL withdrew his amendment ; and
afterwards moved, as a further amendment on the clause,
that " every passenger ship carrying 50 persons and up-
wards shall be provided with one or more life rafts, or
buoyant c,,ntrivances, capable of floating at least one-
tenth part of the passengers and crew of the said ship—
such raft or contrivance to be of the pattern or descrip-
tion approved of by the Board of Admiralty from time
to time."
After some discussion, in which Admiral WALCOTT
supported the motion, the amendment was negatived,
and the clause was ordered to stand part of the bill.
Clauses 28 to 36 were agreed to without opposition.
ROYAL ASSENT.
At this stage of the proceedings, the Deputy Usher
beingSpea
the t
oe yr aal n
Afdo
sust
reh
neot,
cHgloi oveuke sne
thettoo s
hethee
rs Hae otuh se
bills.en of Peers tb hear
of the Black Rod (Sir Augustus Clifford) summoned the
It
adjourned until
L- six.

The SPEAKER took the chair at six o'clock.

NEW WRIT.

Mr. HAYTER moved that the Clerk of the Crown
issue a new writ for the election of a member for Mary-
lebone, in the room of Sir B. Hall, who had accepted
the office of Chief Commissioner of Works.
ORDNANCE ESTIMATES.

Mr. MONSELL laid upon the table the supplemen-
tary Ordnance estimates.
PETITIONS.
The following petitions were presented :—By Mr.
Baines, from Leeds (5), praying for a law to prohibit
during the whole of Sunday the opening of public-
houses for the sale of intoxicating liquors. By Mr.
Oliveira (5), from inhabitants of the metropolis for repeal
of Sunday Beer Bill before prorogation of Parliament.
By Sir G. Goodman, to same effect as above, from
Leeds. By Mr. H. G. Langton, from Bristol, for with-
drawal of permiss-on given by the Home Secretary to
establish mass in Brixton Prison. By Mr. Cobbett (5),
from Wolverhampton, for repeal of the Beer Bill. By
Mr. J. Bailey, from Newport. in favour of the Marriage
Affinity Bill. By Colonel Adair, from clerks of petty
sessions, Antrim, for increased salary. By Mr. Milli-
gan, from Mancter, Bradford, &c., for alteration in
the University Of Cambridge. By Mr. H. Berkeley,
from 1,500 inhabitants of Bristol, praying for legis-
lation against the Sunday Beer Act before the close
of the present session. By Mr. Bright, from Man-
chester, signed by 1,100 persons, praying the house to
repeal the Beer Bill during the present session ; also,
from Redruth, Cornwall, in favour of the Beer Bill.
By Major Cotton, from Carrick Fergus, against
the sale of intoxicating liquors. By Sir M. S.
Stewart, from Scotland, for enforcement of precau-
tionary measures against fires on laud adjoining rail-
ways. By Mr. Massey, from Islington, for repeal of the
Sunday Beer Bill. By Mr. Cairns, from the Ulster
Railway Company, against the Accidents on Railways
Bill. By Mr. Al Pellatt, from the metropolis, nume-
rously signed, for the repeal of the Sunday Beer Bill.
For modification of the Sunday Bcer Bill, by the follow•

TR_E suN, LONDON,,, 7111ESDAY EVENING, JULY 24 55.

to whj.ch he :,1111 :r ‘:ould not he 'adhered to by the
other house of Parliain,:ne?"
Lord PALMERSTON said it was not for him to say
what the other House of Parliament naiglit'decide with
regard to the course of its proceeding. But the resolu-
tion of that house was accompanied by 'the reservation,
that in case of urgency bills might be taken though they
did come up from this house after the day specified in
the resolution.
EDUCATIONAL TOTE.
Sir G. GREY intimated that the educational vote for
England and Scotland would be taken on Thursday next.
TURKISH LOAN.
Mr. FITZROY brought up the report of the commit-
tee on the Turkish loan.
On the question that the resolution be read a second
time,
Mr. S. WORTLEY was anxious to express his regret
that the house should on Friday night have been sur-
prised into a division which be believed gave a very
imperfect indication of its opinion's. (Ministerial cheer-
ing.) He had attended the house that evening, and re-
mained until considerably after eight o'clock. When he
left be understood from various quarters that it was not
intended to carry the dismission beyon.d conversation—
certainly not to a division—(hear hedl)—and his convic-
tion was.tbat if the house had been full at the time of
the division, that division would have been much'larger,
and the majority large in proportion.. (Cheers.) He
regretted the occurrence that had taken place, although
he admitted that there was, On the face of the treaty and
the convection founded upon it, much that might be
made the subject of hesitation and animadversion.
(Hear, hear.) He could see the difficulty of carrying
out that convention. He could see plainly the force of
what bad been urged with such ability against the par-
ticularforrn of that convention, and the eMbarrassment
which might arise from the mode in which each party
was made to guarantee the full amount of the loan.
(Opposition cheers.) But it was with reference to the
particular position of affairs in Europe at this time, espe-
cially our relations with the great power which bad
joined us in this guarantee, that he could trot but regret
some of the language which was held on that occasion ;
and still more, that it should go forth to Europe that
this house had nearly rejected the convention altogether,
and only given it its sanction by the small majority of
three. He did not believe, that such a trifle would have
the effect of disturbing the alliance between Franca and
England ; but it certainly might be taken as an indica-
tion in favour of Russia, and as symptomatic of a mis-
understanding between the two powers in alliance, and
perhaps of hesitation in maintaining the war. (Hear.)
Mr. BRIGHT said he was prepared to defend the
course he had taken. He denied that there had been
any surprise ; the Government had been warned that
the loan would meet with opposition. He agreed
with the arguments he .had heard urged against the
loan. If the revenues of Egypt, Syria, and Smyrna,
were on the condition of Turkey, this mortgage would
be the first step towards her partition. Mr. Bright
.concluded by complaining of being brow'beaten by the

. _
Mons ro.sourees,'.which our commissariat would have done
\Visely to avail itself of much more largely than it has done."
The second letter bore date Samsoun, the 15th of June,
1855, and stated,—
" Asia Minor is fulfilling your predictions. It has become
one of the chief producers of supplies to the allied armies, es-
pecially Samsoun. Our harbouriscrowded with sh ippiug, load-
ing animals and grain. The quantity of bullocks in the country
is extraordinary. We have delivered as many as a thousand a
week to the commissariat, and might give many more if re-
quired ; but we suffer rather from too many beasts than too
few. Steamers are constantly coming in—French, English,
and Turkish for supplies I have made large pur-
chases of horses, mules, and camels for the land transport;
and we are sending off great quantities of firewool for both

armies.
There is no doubt that from this the three armies will receive
next winter a very considerable proportion of their supplies
of all descriptions—animals, barley, wheat, straw, and hay."
This description was applicable, not to Asia Minor alone,
but to Turkey in Europe. What the noble lord (Palmerston)
said the other night was strictly true. No country had
made such rapid progress as Turkey had done within the
last 15 years. In 1839, when he went to Turkey, there
was scarcely a steamer in the Black Sea. Since then a
trade had been opened in every port, and companies now
sac their vessels to Trebizond, Samsoun, -Varna, and other
places. What Turkey most required was roads. The hon.
gentleman (Mr. Bright) cheered that statement, but what
were the facts? About 2 years ago the Turkish Govern-
ment was on the very point of signing with a British firm
of groat eminence a contract for the construction of a rail-
way fret)/ Belgrade to Constantinople, with branches to
other points. That railway would have developed.tho re-
sources of the country, and quadrupled, perhaps increased
tenfold, the revenue of Turkey, but its construction was
prevented by the Austrian Minister, who declared that
such an undertaking would meet the strongest opposition
of Austria, and would be regarded by her as an act of hos-
tility towards her. Again, in Asia Mpor, the Turkish
Government was on the point of constructing a road
from Bethune to Kars, but was prevented by Russia.
What Power had prevented Turkey from uniting the
Danube with the Black Sea ? Why, Russia again,
It was to repress such interference that the present warhad
been mainly undertaken, in order to permit Turkey to de-
velops her resources, which were so great that a trifling
debt of 5,000,000/. could be easily met. At present that
country had no debt to bear, but he believed that to some
extent a national debt es as an advantage —(hear)—because
it interested the holders of the debt in the welfare of the
country. (Hear, and laughter.) The hen. gentleman
laughed, but he (Mr. Layard) was reminded of the case of
the Turkish pa-hes who committed all sorts of atrocities
against the inhabitants of the district which they governed,
but they could not be removed because they always owed
money to Christian bankers, who said to the Porte,'" You
cannot remove this man, or we shall lose our money ;" and
yet these very Christians were the people who complained
of the injustice and oppressions of the pashas. He 'vas of
opinion that by the neglect with which this country had
treated Turkey the resources of the latter had been
seriously crippled. In Asia Minor, by our neglect, we had
suffered Turkey to be deprived of her valuable trade
with Persia, and he feared still worse consequences would
follow. Two years ago he entreated the Government to
keep its eye upon Asia Minor, and the noble lord the mem•
ber for London, at the beginning of the year, had assigned
as one reason for quitting the late Government that his
(Mr. Levard'e) representations upon the subject had not
been attended to. Yet the noble lord had since then held
office, but no steps had been taken upon the subject; but,
on the contrary, everything had been done to prevent the
Turkish Government from doing anything in Asia Minor.
Ile (Mr. Layard) looked with alarm at the probable conse-
quences of such conduct. If the Russians succeeded, as
he feared they would, in taking liars, the whole of Asia
Minor would be in their bands. Then how could we pro-
pose terms of peace? If we took Sebastopol, and would not
allow the fortress to remain or to be reconstructed, the
Crimea would be useless to Russia, who would say, " We
don't want the Crimea, because we have a material guaran-
tee for the whole of the East in Asia Minor." He earnestly
entreated the attention of the Government to this point as
one of the most vital importance, upon which account he
had referred to it on the present occasion, although it was
not strictly connected with the subject under discussion.
Mr. GLADSTONE, after replying to Mr. Layard and
Mr. Shee, observed that he had not confined his objections
to this Convention to financial views ; the financial mis-
chief might be limited to 5,000,0001., but the political ob-
jections to the measure were those upon which he mainly
rested his opposition, and he thought Mr. Wortley had
not well considered the hearings of this question upon our
alliance with France. He denied that he had uttered a
single syllable that east a suspicion upon the good faith of
that nation, which was entitled to stand as high as our
own in pecuniary matters. His argument was, that
the Convention would tend to create and husband
occasions of quarrel, and not one of his objections on
this head had been answered by tho Government,
which, he hoped, would bear in mind that, although
there had been great difference of opinion as to the pro-
priety of voting for the Convention, there was no difference
as to the prudence and wisdom and expediency of its terms.
He hoped that before the committee upon the bill, Lord
Palmerston w ould• consider well whether he could not ad-
vise the Crown to institute proceedings, in the way of nego-
tiation, for mitigating some of the more formidable dangers
which might attend the ulterior working of the convention.
Mr. JOHN M'GREGOR urged upon the house the de-
'sirableness of having it clearly fixed for how much of the
interest England was to be liable. As the terms of the
convention stood sho might be called on for the whole,
whereas Government ought to sec that she should be liable
only for her moiety; and he thought an arrangement of that
kind could easily be made with the other guaranteeing
power.
Mr. KIRK remarked that the French had an army of
120,00) men in the Crimea, while the English had only
30,000. If, therefore, England had lent the whole
5,000,0001. to Turkey, it would have been but fair and rea-
sonable; and he must say it struck him as being extremely
1 generous on the part of France that she had proposed a
joint guarantee, especially as the interest we had in the
struggle was much greater than hers.
Mr. LAING would be quite content to leave it to the
country to judge whether he had done rightly in voting to
put a stop to the mischievous system of joint guarantees.
His only object in rising was to contradict the imputation
that the minority of Friday night showed a disregard to
the French alliance. Their objection lay to the form of the
guarantee, which involved very great difficulties and com-
plications; and he cou'd not imagine that the Emperor of
the French, acquainted as he was with English institutions,
would ever take umbrage at their exercising their consti-
tutional privileges on the question of the manner in which
assistance should be given to Turkey.
Mr. CAYLEY deprecated the renewal if the opposition
to the plan of the Government, which wag so near leading
to a perilous result on Friday night.
Mr. CROSSLEY said he always supported Government
as much as he could ; but last Friday he voted on the me-
rits of the question ; and if they were not to be allowed to
vote on the merits, ho would much rather the Executive
would decide for themselves, and not bring it within the
power of members of that house to say either ayo or no.
Mr. MUNTZ had voted with the Government on Friday
night, because his opinion was, taking all the circumstances
together, that was the best course to pursue. He had had
no transactions with the Turkish Government, but he had
with Turks, and never lost a shilling by or had a dispute
with any of them. Ha therefore thought that there was
a good prospect for the repayment of this money.
Mr. PHILIPPS had voted with the Government, and
he still believed that in doing so he had adopted the wiser
course. The worst that could happen from adopting the
vote was that we might lose the money. To have refused it
might have produced most serious political difficulties.
The report was then agreed to, and leave was given to
bring in a bill founded upon the resolution.
SUPPLY—THE REINFORCEMENT OF THE ARMY.
On the question that the Speaker leave the chair,
Mr. PALK called upon the Government to give some
explanation of the measures they were taking to reinforce
the army in the Crimea. He contrasted the immense
forces under arms in 1813 with the present state of things,
when our army was 40,000 men under the estimate voted
by the house. For this Ministers wore themselves respon-
sible, as no encouragement was given to gentlemen to raise
regiments or companies. He hoped the Government would
take some steps before the house separated to allay the
fears of the house and the country.
Mr. PEEL declined to give any information, which he
said would only serve the purposes of the enemy. He
might state that the English force in the Crimea was never
so strong as at the present moment, and there was a consi-
derable reserve at Malta. There was now about 4,000 men
in the Foreign Legion, and the difficulties that first at-
tended their formation were in the course of rapid removal.
He hoped the house would excuse him from entering into
details.
THE ENCUMBERED ESTATES COURT.
Lord EBRINGTON complained of the amount of busi-
ness now before the Encumbered Estates Court, which had
choked up its usefulness, by means of which the suitors
suffered great disappointment, and he moved a resolution
to that effect.
Sir G. GREY said a bill on the subject was in progress
from the other house, and he hoped the house would not
now go into a discussion on the subject.
After some discussion, the noble lord's motion was ne-
gatived without a division.
PROMOTIONS IN THE NAVY.

press.
Mr. Serjeant SHEE said, he was as little of a parbisan
as Mr. Bright, and he attributed the division to a pre-
concerted intention on the part of a strong party in the
house in order to embarrass the government. After the
house had come to an unanimous vote to continue the
war until a safe and honourable peace could be obtained
he was surprised that Mr. Gladstone, who had been one
of the counsellors of the war, and who had supported it
until (he supposed) he found it could not be carried on
out of our ordinary revenues, took the opportunity of
endeavouring to trip up the government. He (Mr.
Shee) had voted for the resolution because he thought
the arguments against it transparently fallacious. Mr.
Gladstone had, he said, uttered a taunt and an insult
against the allies of this country, and had made a direct
attack upon the honour and good faith of France.
Sir H. WILLOUG HBY justified the vote he had
given in favour of the resolution, though he trusted the
objections to the Convention would be considered, and
that souse means would be found of preventing the en-
tanglements alluded to by Mr. Gladstone.
Mr. ALCOCK, on the other hand, justified his vote
against the resolution.
Mr. RICARDO defended the course be had taken.
It was, he said, because he believed that the Convention
would not assist either in the prosecution of the war, or
in obtaining a peace, that he objected to it. He believed
it to be an unwise and impolitic measure, which would
induce Turkey not to rely upon her own resources, but
to lean upon France and England for succour.
Sir DE LACY EVANS said he thought the vote
of Friday night had substantially taken many honour-
able members by surprise. (Hear.) It had come by
surprise on him. He had not voted at all, but if
he had thought that ' the consequences of the
vote would have been so serious as it now seemed
to have been, he would have given his vote in unquali-
fied support of Government. It had been said that
lending money to Turkey was only a means of rendering
her dependent instead of independent. They had been
told a great deal about the superiority of Russia over
Turkey. England was, year by year, paying interest
on a loan of 3,000,0001. to Russia, and he had never
yet beard that that country was becoming dependent.
Everybody must remember the excellent services which
the troops of Portugal rendered to our army in the
Peninsular war. Their troops were maintained by a
loan, the distribution of which was superintended by a
British coruniissioner sitting at Lisbon. (Hear, hear.)
In the present state of the Turkish army any delay in
sending this money would be most injurious. It had
been said that the Turks were not men of honour. There
was no country in Europe which had given less ground for
such an imputation than Turkey. It was a country
which had less public debt than any other country in
Europe. During the present war Turkey had made
great efforts ; she had organised her regular army,
aud her artillery was in the highest state of efficiency.
Assuming that the noble lord' would take proper precau-
tions for the due application of this money, and that the
money would be applied to legitimate purposes of war,
he could not see any objection to the loan. He must
giVe his support to the proposition, although, perhaps,
there might be some unfairness in allocating particular
duties for the repayment of the interest. (Hear.)
Mr. LAYARD trusted that, as he was one of those mem-
bers who were not aware the other evening that a division
of such importance was about to take place, he would now
bo allowed to say a few words. He hoped that the right
hon. gentleman the member for Oxford University would
forgive him for expressing his conviction that the course he
had taken on this subject was alike unwise, unstatesman-
like, and unpatriotic. That section of the Cabinet of which
the right hon. gentleman was a most distinguished orna
ment was perhaps mainly the cause of the present war, ow-
ing to the vacillating policy it had pursued. That Cabinet
launched the country into the enterprise in which it was
still engaged, the despatch which ordered our troops to the
Crimea having been signed by the Duke of Newcastle ;
and now, when we stood in great straits, the right hon.
gentleman and his friends were the first to turn round and
embarrass the Government. The right hon, gentleman
could not have adopted a more effective mode of further-
ing the designs of our enemies than he had done. Sup-
posing the opposition to the guarantee had been successtul
the other night, what would have been the effect upon
Russia ? Why, sir, St. Petersburg would have been illu-
minated, and universal joy have been spread throughout
the length and breadth of Russia. And what, on the
other hand, would have been its influence upon Turkey?
The Turks would have been disheartened, and would
have thought this the first step towards our deserting
them. (Hear, hear.) He would say nothing of the
effect of such a vote upon our ally across the Channel, but
he believed it would have been most disastrous. (Hear.)
But the right hon. gentleman was responsible for the
embarrassments of Turkey. About two years ago the Porte
wished to raise a loan herself in this country, and she
might have done so on favourable terms, the market hav-
ing then been well supplied with money. He (Mr. Layard)
had entreated the right hon. gentleman to say one word in
support of the credit of the Turkish Government, and if
something of that kind had passed Turkey might have
raised a loan without coming to our Government at all.
The right hon. gentleman, however, being at the time a
member of the Government which was about to embark in
a war in defence of Turkey, made a speech at Manchester
in which he declared that the Turkish empire was falling
to pieces, that it was a country which we could not sup-
port, and one that was rapidlysinkingunder the fate which
the Emperor of Russia had ascribed to it—viz., that of
" the sick man," who was dying fast. (Hear.) That speech
would have been enough to destroy the credit of of Turkey-
in this country, and tp prevent her Government from ob-
taining the loan which it might otherwise have raised.
It was true that at the commencement of this war
Turkey was in some pecuniary difficulties ; but why
so ? Because she had made considerable exertions
in time of peace to place herself in the rank of civilised
European States. With this view she bought up all her old
coin, and took other steps in improvement which had in-
cidentally caused some embarrassment to her finances. She
had also made great and successful efforts in organisingher
army, which had necessarily entailed upon her considerable
expenses. The course pursued by the hon. member for
Manchester was not so open to censure, because it had at
least the merit of consistency, that hon. gentleman
having plainly told the house that he would endeavour
to embarrass the Government in the conduct of the war.
[Mr. Baron dissented.] Now, no doubt a joint guarantee
of a loan might be exceptional iu form, but considerations
of statesmanship outweighed minor objections of that
kind; and certainly it could not have been expected that a
division would have been insisted on upon such a question.
Two classes of objections had been stated to this guarantee—
one relating to the honesty of Turkey, and the other based
on her want of resources. Now, the fact was, Turkey had
never yet repudiated a debt that she had contracted. She
might not have satisfied every extortionate demand, but
she had faithfully liquidated every shilling she had ever
undertaken to pay. Indeed, Turkey was not only per-
fectly honest, but was even generous in her pecuniary
transactions. In some instances the Turkish Government
had been actually defrauded and imposed upon ; and, in
the case of the Tripoli claims, particular merchants re-
ceived sums to which they had no sort of right, or title.
With regard to the resources of Turkey, he would take the
liberty of reading interesting extracts from two letters
which he had received from a gentleman who was better
acquainted with the state of that country than perhaps any
one else that he knew. The first letter was dated Sam-
soun, the 30th of January, 1855, and said—
" The war, no doubt, has stimulated the trade of this
place ; the necessities of our army and the closing of the
Danube and Odessa have created a great demand for grain
here ; this will cease to a certain extent, when the extra-
ordinary causes which have produced it shall be terminated
by peace. But my belief and hope is, that the trade created
and fostered by the war will not cease with the war ; the peo-
ple of the interior have learnt to send their produce hither
for sale, and have gained so largely that they have attempted
to extend tillage to the utmost in their power. The forests
behind us are being cleared, and, as men are scarce, the wo-
men are used to cultivate the land. This immense increase
of production must come hither for sale, as the interior has
no consumption for it. I have been quite surprised to learra
the riches of some of the lauded proprietors in Asia i!
one Bey offered to give in one sale 30,0001. worth ofAiwi
bly was the
all stored and ready for delivery I This, probi?:
am
sm._
proceeds of two or three years' harvest, but,tl4'what may
prised that such riches should still .existtii:.
Taal aristocracy,
be called the landed gentry of Anatole—.nsething may, per-
in fact, of the country—out of wis,
Anatolia possesses enor-
ic
o
enor-
haps, some day be made. • •

Captain SCOB ELL moved for returns respecting promo.
tions in the navy, and called attention to the evils that
were caused to many officers by the present system in ope-
ration, but the preceding motion on going into supply
having been negatived, the motion could not be put.
Sir C. WOOD intimated that he would have no objec-
tion to grant the returns sought for by the hon. and gal-
lant gentleman when regularly moved for.
ORDNANCE SURVEY *OF SCOTLAND.
Lord SEYMOUR called the attention of the house to
the conduct of the Government with respect to the Ord-
nance survey of ScAlaad. When this subject was last
before the house the Government promised that they
would not continue the 25-inch scale of the survey beyond
Ayrshire and Dumfries-shire ; but it now appeared that
other counties were begun to be surveyed on the same
scale.
The LORD ADVOCATE defended the conduct of the
Government in the matter, and said the counties referred
to were begun to be surveyed before the Government pro-
mise was given.
After some further discussion,
Lord PALMERSTON insisted that he had kept faith
with Parliament. Ho had considered the matter, and had
laid a Treasury minute in favour of the 25-inch scale 0.1
the table of the house as far back as May last, when i
was comp
etent to any member to bring the question
be-
fore the house. He was willing, however, to
suspend
matters as far as possible, and to submit the matter to
deliberation of a committee next session. e
The matter then dropped.
SALE OF BEER ACT-
taste of public
Mr. ALCOCK drew attention to
.. h Government the
Rion, with the view of urging upon amend the same.
opinion on the subject of the Sale oftßetehe;
• g immediate step
had announced, not
necessity of taking
The decision which the Government.
committee reported, had given
to do anything until the cloomormB.l A.ct of last ses-
What he proposed Was
great dissatisfaction out of c
f Parliament untouched with
to leave leave the present a_
service on Sunday, but to per.
He founded that
day night till
spect to the. ciao
mil the opening of public-houses from one on Sunday till
after
rg odflunbelio-houses from twelve on Satur.
night. He
'ore the committee proposition
ee on the act
on the evidence
The best way of effecting his
public-houses during
object would
of last session
al the act
otfhought it was the duty
be to repeal .
ot twelve
le
al
svte
session.e n. Sundayz ir e
ti
ehremi
hadt ti ng
mentioned. the opening
He
of the Government to introduce such a measure, and he
hoped the First Minister would pledge himself to do so.
Sir G GREY said it was quite impossible,
thein ahboiul lrsp
for the Speaker leaving the chair, to .on ao motion
a bill to repeal the Beer Act of last give leave to bring
session. The Govern-
ment Gould not assent to the introduction of such a mea-
sure before the committee
Act had made the' appointed to consider the Beer
their report.
STATUTE LAW COMMISSION.
Mr. CRAUFIIRD called attention to the report of the