The Sun.
London, England, 1855-01-03 00:00:00

MONEY MARKET

AND
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

• CITY, 1. 0 o'CLOCK.
The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday were
estimated at 7,000 bales, all to the trade. The
market was steady, and prices were unchanged.
The sales comprised about 5,500 American, 120
Perham and Maranham at 51d. to 6id. 250 Egyp-
tian at 5,!,-d. to 71d., and 1,200 Surat at' 3d. to 4d.
Per lb. Railway shares wore dull at rather lower
• Prices.
The Board of Trade returns for the month and
eleven months ending the sth ult. have been
tublished, but as those which will be issued in
vebruary next will contain the twelve months
statement, and, therefore, be more interesting, we
shall(1:1ri8
nn_ow only refer to the imports and exports
the one month completed as above. The
toil declared value of the exports, exclusive of the
cc
onenumerated" articles in that p ,
eriod is
7ti,71,722/. against 7,628,760/. at the like date of
'`"l"3. There was an increase in the importation
of woollen yarns, but a falling off in woollen
Manufactures, silk ditto, thrown silk, linen
Manufactures, linen yarn, haberdashery and milli-
ZerY, hardware and cutlery, cotton manufactures,
cotton yarn, and coals and culin. In the imports
we notice a, decrease in wheat, barley, oats, flour,
h) Currants, rice, silk, pepper, brandy, Geneva,
,7"°, tobacco, and wine ; but an augmentation
wool, tea, cassia lignea, cinnamon, cloves, mace,
j„,, 6 sugar, saltpetre, provisions, palm oil,
-Vgany, hemp, guano, Indian corn, and coffee.
tn'e shipping accounts show a falling off in the
troth
of vessels engaged in our foreign trade,
• (411 in the entries inwards and the clearances out-
wards • but in the coasting trade, although there
a diminution regards the clearances, there
'Wu •
; an increase in the-amount of tonnage entered
inwards.
-LTile ship Henry Reed, from Launceston, is stated
-nctutve on board 100,0001. iu -gold dust and coin.
• h....41)e 'whole of the large amount, per Lady Joee.
has already been purchased for exportation to
the continent.
et4/There was no particular alteration yesterday
ornoon in the rates at which foreign bills of
ylehange were negotiated.
The following are portions of an excellent article
pr-the Banker's Circular, entitled " The Fixed
r" of Gold and the Standard of Value :"
pr:`People go to Mark-lane to ascertain the variable
thele,e of wheat, which fluctuates from day to day under
Lmv of supply and demand ; but does any body go to
ntnard-street, to ascertain the price of gold coined
eati. sovereigns ? Nobody does; and why not? Be-
thel everybody knows that its price is fixed, whether
balf, auk hold twenty millions of sovereigns, or only a
ooft,°l' a tenth, or a twentieth of that amount. Every
to a^ingjeweller melts down sovereigns, when he intends
neel'rlY gold to the purposes of his manufacture ; be
goes to any market to enquire what is the price of
the ,:'3; 3 grains of the metal, because he knows that
Itorre.e is fixed in that weight of gold, or, in other
,n the sovere: n
'Peri' • • g ••• ett,nst eetly invariability at all times, under all cir-
ig th:4008, and in relation to all surrounding thing.,
very essence of a standard, and these conditions
thio,gliish it from a weathercock. Now since every-
a p Invented by man is imperfect he cannot create
Lure, et standard, which can only be found in na-
ils form
.Peaking philosophically, a standard of length
teroit° ill the 400,000,000 th part of the earth's eir-
tngh:L"ee, which is equal to the measure of 39.370
metre inches, This is the length of the French
length, In England, the philosophical standard of
Oreen..l a pendulum vibrating seconds in the latitude of
inelle;"4h, which is the measure of 39.1393 English
ef. d • -Lhe English standard of weight is a cubic inch
p„, 'Edied water at the temperature of 62 deg. of
stands .nreoh
„,Sltt which weighs 252.458 troy grains. Our
by t,„.. of capacity is generated from the space occupied
62 ,ZPounds of distilled water at the temperature of
Now all Fahrenheit, constituting our standard gallon.
411 these standards and measures are immutable in
° bloat rigid and absolute sense, and uniform to what-
"Letevrt
are applied.
supeso. assume that a law enacted that all our mea-
gold, andengtb, weight, and capacity were to be of mint
wed of rthat by some contrivance, foreigners got pos-
wholesale talleul all,
is it not plain that all business,
the absurduild,:e
I tail, would have to be suspended, unless
possession of oatVc repealed ? But foreigners do get
'value, and theyl e ignorantly called our standard of
'Os to lower prices 50 return it when they have compelled
`Rive me 54 • per cent. Or, the foreigner says,
,then inches for a yard, instead of 36 inches, and
Your enw give you back the cheating idol by which
vn folly allows you to be periodically plundered!'
ever confounded
distinction between a standard and a measure
raja confounded by bullionists is very important, The
revolutions of the earth round the sun is a true
Z ahiyariable standard of time, of which months, weeks,
Tels , hours, are true and invariable•
mea of me.
itnoints at which water boils or freezessures constitute the
,of heat, while mercury,
panding or.contrfteting-•
assuir444.7.4xaa it receives or loses beet, Ponititotoe the
re of heat. In both thole eases the standard of time
an °I heat is found in nature, and is unehangeable by
pmhuman agency ; but the measure of heat, being
zpoti Mode of testing its degree of intensity, aecom-
it ~ates itself to the contrivances of men of science, as
Of:V sewn to them best adapted to bring the virtues
biers
Standard into practical operation. Thus, in the
-4
'Jiff of Fahrenheit, Reau-
' bigh. differently graduated scales
d Gay Lussac, we have different measures, but
to he them referable to the one standard found, and only
"'eand in nature."
'Th
tora ° Meeting of the Royal Santiago Mining
use etl!Y took place to-day, John Taylor, Esq., in
cper.4ir• It appeared that the loss on the mining
app„ "lcina of the half-year was 2,6001., but the
'fore of the mine was improved. The direc-
Made
a call of twenty shillings per share.
•Ikurtiorrow being the "fourth' of the month, a
the beltM, cunt of commercial bills fall due, and in
felt g"2l3ing of the year the pressure is generally
14°
1%04 , I's than at other periods. It is hoped, not-
lillstaiu "bag the severe losses which many have
vrell 6'13 that the engagements generally will be
wed'
OaThe at.
L.
4,7 i to .1 market opened heavily, Consols being
r.O out there has been an improvement since
;1' ,the .434„n1e to hand that large reinforcements
„",ed. troops were still arriving in the
-Ilescrih;rl that the French loan is being readily
Per novrit for. Consols have been 901 to and
Gent Throes s, to for the opening. The New Three
have realised 90-g to and the Reduced
'-ro to Bank Stock is steady, at 210.
lid 'leer IT •
ends 10 ills have been 4s. to Gs., and India
8. Premium.
411110 Ivpec4'aiOn in the foreign stock market is
at,
~ .
4-11ricie, Venaed, for, beyond a few bargains in
there Scrip at the steady prices of 741 to 75,
Deforr"eclarcely any business recorded. Spanish
firteer Bonds are quoted 18, being somewhat
The pod Russian 5 per Cents. are marked 97.
ateekB
.I°llowing are the nominal prices of foreign
ab, 26---Grenada Deterred Bonds, 5 to 6; Mexi-
Oellts 1)0 21 ; Peruvian, 69 to 70 ; Ditto 3 per
42 %8/ to 491 •Portuguese 4 Cents., 40 to
; , per ~
eent
tan 5 per Cents., 97 to 99 ; Ditto 41 per
181 jj:!s to 87 ; Spanish New Deferred, 18 to
ea,t4 pto 3 per Cents., 361 to 371 ; Ditto Certifi-
Th' 't to si; Ditto Passive, 4i to
haves railway "calls" during the present year
the araounted to 13,171,6421., and for January
are as follows
Cktirjui Due date. Call.
Graissessec 3l £2 0 £72,000
trll. rn un
kwn.
topt. Peninsula of Portugal
%41' and Bandon, Preference Si
'''kun
140;
Lashre Ncw pox- 04, Rt
ttun t 4 allottedi to Fifths Proprietors 1...1 0 unkwn.
'khan Extension
rut 15...4 0 600,000
Northern Red sper ct Se 12...2 10 200,000
,ee4a, Brad *
• P.
..tad ~ and Halifax, Original 12...2 0 16,000
korlitras Extension
%1) • land, guar, 4. per cent 15...2 10 7,500
4118 and Lyons
1...2 0 530,000
10...2 0 40,000
Avv?ttor Emanuel
A extern 10...1. 0 unkwn.
We °f France
.teh4tern
.s,
Switzerland 15 to 31...2 0 32,500
"Ltabieel junc New 101. Prof. L.. 3 0 3,000
"mid Croydon... 10...1 10 6,825

_ ____
1,1
£2,014,825
I,:eia, Proportion called by foreign companies is
tot 14'4,0/, but the holdings of English proprietors are
0 olibil,*
*harem 4.'4413, the quotations of the English Railway,
d--4Y. -crke a lower range than even that
again
tyhe:teexr:
Como rleat Northern, however, are •.ons
Ire linalli'l.
~eilig firm. The aggregate tran tit.
.44 ,_"e.", and the same applies to the Foreign
14'1:1!'ich are mostly nominal.
hot half_ tanks, and the miscellaneous shares
""-a-dozen purchases have been made.
Itark,
44 FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOo!‘.
(From the Ogicial List. I
isu,iness done
3117: Stock .... 2lO
~. r e!„ . .•.....•.. ........
eiew 344. lteduccd Annuities.
India tirt Cent. Annuities
bitt lids. 41000
e 0.4010, under RlOOO lO
Ind. 6 for Account, 10th January
ti.zleSht:e Account
, (Pier 31illa 2id.
21360 ' .
4 6
kketieci4()°, .....................................
Ditto Ilcis
"581
3i por Cont.
1859,
~
l'hio,
P ' Cni. FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
.n3siat, T 1
phart,_
_o(,uds, 1522, 5 per Cent. £ R 97
,titt,il
.i.l i.lcis, 3 Per cent •.•
TgriciaTl t'v.r Deferred, 3 por Cent.
Ditto of PZI up
ni full
ount ...... ...
Dividend* on the above payable in London.
HALF-PA ST T WO.
n
4.333.13°11/I,lll.l;tttlitt, ...... It .......... t ... $Ol 1