The Sun.
London, England, 1855-03-14 00:00:00

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( Continued frost env first ectition of veeterctay.)
Captain Kellett, in continuation, said—Subsequently
lie was sent by Lord Raglan to Varna for paele-horses,
and a portion of the ambulance corps, whom he con•
veyed to the Crimea. The men were old pensioners,
very much given to drinking, and wore not, In his opi-
nion, fit for such service. They were unable to attend
to the horses ; and on several occasions required the as-
sistance of his crew. At one time when he was in the
Bosphorus, Admiral Boxer ordered a quantity of char-
coal to be put on board for the Ire of the troops. On
arriving at Bala.klava, however, Captain Christie would
not allow it to be landed, although be (witness) offered
to put it on ehore with his own ship's company.
Chairman—What did you do with it?
Witness, in reply, raid he took it tackwards'and for-
wards to Constantinople two or three times, and as Cap-
tain .Christie persisted in refusing it, he eventually con-
signed it back again to Achuiral Boxer. He sr W 113 ae-
liots for stores at Balaklava. ThQ =chi:n:l,r there
very bad, and was in an intolerably filthy dindition.
He would have undertaken to have cleansed it in a very'
Alert time. The quays evtre very discreditable. He
c,,u41 hardly say who was responsible for the condition
of the harbour.
Chairman—Were there any regulations relative to
anchorage in the interior of the Larbour ?
Witness—l believe none at alt. He should say the
harbour could have contained at least 50 vessels.
Several vessels, to his knowledge, were detained in the
discharge of their cargoes. He thought the regulation
that vessels should lie with their bows to the quay was
ridiculoue Many more vessels might have beta accom-
modated inside the harbour. Capt. Christie frequently
came on board his vessel, and he acted meter tilt imme-
diate superintendence of Captain Christie, and con-
sidered he was completely dependent upon him for
orders, though ho should have obeyed any directions
given him by Admiral Dundas or Admiral Lyons. He
(witness) was of opinion that a very efficient force might
have been organised for cleaning the harbour ; and he
was of opinion that some of the ships' crews in the har-
bour, who were not employed, would have volunteered
to do the work had they been offered pay for the duty.
He was never in want of medicines, or stores of any
kind, on board his vessel. When any sick died ou
board his vessel at first, he preferred paying their re-
mains proper respect by taking them on shore to bury
them ; but when they died of cholera, or any infectious
disease, of course they were thrown into the sees.
Mr. Drummond—Are you aware that orders were
issued by Captain Christie to the effect that no vessels
should enter the harbour, except a particular signal was
displayed ?
Witness—That was after I left I believe. I heard
such was the case.
By the Chairman—The Himalaya conveyed sick and
wounded on her road home to Malta.
Lieutenant-Colonel Sparkes, of the 38th Regiment,
was then called. Ho said that his regiment was landed
at Gallipoli on the 14th May last. On landing in the
Crimea they had no tents, and his men suffered con-
siderably in consequence. On arriving before Sebastopol
the duty in the trenches fell very heavily on the men.
They had a very fair supply of provisions, including
fresh meat, of which he thought they had more than
salt. The men were attacked by scurvy, which he at-
tributed to the wet and exposure to the weather.
Chairman—Had you never any winter clothing sup-
plied to them before you left ?
Witness replied that some warm apparel was being
served out to them when he left. That was about Dec.
The clothing and the boots were of good quality. He
thought they were tolerably well provided for the
winter. At the time lie left there was not a regular
supply of fresh meat, but the men were served with it
now and then. They also had some lime juice and rice
given to them.
Chairman--Had you a commissariat officer attached
to the regiment ?
Witness—Yes, we had.
Chairman—D:l he attend efficiently to the wants of
the men ?

Witness—Yes, he was very attentive to his duties.
The hospitals were very full when they arrived, but
houses were afterwards provided for the sick and
wounded. There was, he thought, a sufficiency of me-
dical men attached to the regiment, but there was a de-
ficiency of medicines. Some of the tents were old. [The
evidence of this witness was almost inaudible.]
Thomas Dawson, a private in the Grenadier Guards

(who had lost his left arm in action) was next
examined. He said he joined his regiment in Bulgaria
in July last year. The weather was very warm at that
period of the year, and disease hal broken out. The
tents were not well adapted to that kind of weather as
they were very close, especially at night, unless the folds
were lifted up, which could not bo done in wet weather.
They were fairly supplied with prov!sious including fresh
meat—but they did not have that every day. They had
coffee, but they preferred tea. The former was quite
green, and they had to resort to various methods of roast-
ing it. The bread was very good. When the men
marched down to Varna to embark they were in a very
sickly, low state. Many had died of sickness be-
fore then. The passage to the Crimea occupied
about fifteen days, and sickness somewhat diminished.
They were in good spirits when t'a(y landed. They
hyl no knapsacks, only their coats and blankets. They
preferred the knapsacks, as they were so much more
compact and convenient.
The Chairman—Did you see the tents which the
Frelrch carried on their hacks ?

Witness--• Yes, I did.
Cliairamu—Whatdid you thin of them ?

Witness replied that he liked the in very much, and
that the men spoke very highly of them. Ho was
wounded at Inkerman, and was conveyed on board ship
the same night. The usual means of carrying the
wotinded were used, by stretchers And such apparatus.
Before Sebastopol the supply of provisions gave the ineu
no cause for grumbling, except as regarded the green
coffee. They sent out fatigue parties to get wood for
fuel. There was plenty of I,rusliwood in the locality.
They l:a•l fresh meat about three days a week. When
l►e came away, however, the commissary had run cheat
and more salt meat was served. Cocoa would have
been preferable to coffee, but tea would have been far
better than either ; it was easily prepared and was
more refreshing. They hail no tins supplied to them for
roasting the coffee. Had done duty in the trenches re-
peatedly ; and it was most harassing and fatiguing
work. They used to cook their food and take it with
them to the trendies.. After he was wounded he was
conveyed by the ambulance capi on a stretcher. The
ambulance waggons were by no means comfortable—they
Were not easy, and were very inconvenient. There was
a great-deal of sickness in his regiment before the bat-
tle of Inkerman, chiefly diarrbcea.
By Mr. Ellice—He was taken to Scutari Hospital,
where he was 27 days, and experienced great kindness.
He came to England- in the Ta►.avera.- It was fitted up
with very good accommodation.
By Sir J. Pakington—His arm was amputated in con-
sequence of a musket shot. It was taken off the same
evening.
By Mr. Bra►nstone-- A good many men fell out owing
to illness during the march. He never noticed how the
French prepared their coffee.
By Mr. Ball--The men ate a good deal of fruit in Bul-
garia, but they were cautioned against doing so by a
general order. .. ..
By' the Chairman—No winter clothing had been given
out to the troops when he left. The men 'were in a very
dirty conditior.
Shortly before four o'clock the committee adjourned
until to-morrow at the usual time.
,At an Advanced period of the day Mr. Roebuck en-
tered the room, but 'Mr. Layard continued to preside
throughout. - The hon. and learned gentleman did not
take his usually active part in the proceedings.

`1 I !AL PARLIAMENT.

HOUSE OF LORDS—(YESTERDAY.)
The LORD CHARCELLOR took his seat on the woolsack
at five o'clock.

MR. CARDEN.
Lord BROUGHAM said, seeing his noble friend the
Lord President of the Council in his place, he begged to
ask hiru a question. It was stated in Dublin that an
individual named Carden, who bad been convicted of
one of the worst cases of abduction he had beard of,
was now at liberty, after having been sentenced to two
years' imprisonment. It was reported that, in conse-
quence of ill health, Mr. Carden had been discharged,
on condition that he was to live out of the United King-
dom during the remaining period of his sentence of im-
prisonment. He wished to ask whether that was correct?
Earl GRANVILLE said the whole of the facts of
the case had been correctly described by his noble and
learned friend. In consequence of a medical certificate,
stating that Mr. Carden was in a declining state of
health, and that a continued imprisonment would im-
peril his life, an order was made by the Irish portion of
the Government to have Mr. Carden discharged upon
the conditions named. The matters was, however,
under the consideration of the Irish Executive.
MARINE MUTINY BILL.
On the motion of Earl GRANVILLE, this bill was
read a second time.

MUTINY BILL.
This bill passed through committee.
Errl GREY said on the third reading of the Mutiny
Bill, he begged to give notice of his intention to ask a
question of the Commander-in-Chief, relative to the
sale of commissions in the army.
TEA DUTIES DECLINE SUSPENSION BILL.
This bill passed through committee.
EXCHEQUER BILLS (£17,183,000) BILL.
Earl GRANVILLE, in moving that this bill be read
a third time, begged permission to repeat an explanation
which. he had already given tQ his noble friend (Lord
Monteagle) in answer to two questions which his noble
friend had put to him with regard to the change. in the
issue of deficiency bills last year. What he stated in re-
ply to his noble friend, and which he wished now to re-
peat in reference to the first question, was, that the law
officers of the Crown had been consulted on the subject,
and had given an opinion favourable to the course which
his right hon. friend the late Chancellor of the Exche-
quer adopted. With regard to the second question, he
had stated that the correspondence which had passed
between the authorities of the Bank of England and Mr.
Gladstone was of a private nature. He had since, how-
ever, ascertained that though that was in the main cor-
rect, and that the correspondence in question was gene-
rally of a prive nature, there was one paper which bore
something of a public character.
Lord MONTEAGLE said that though there might
very well be a correspondence between the Chancellor
of the Exchequer and the Bank which ought to be con-
sidered of a private nature, yet he certainly disapproved
of a correspondence, involving great public interests,
being carried on in such a manner as to render the do-
cuments necessarily private. With respect to the let-
ters in question, all he would add was., that, if it should
eventually appear that neither the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer nor the Bank of England had any objection to
their production, he (the noble lord) would leave it to
her Majesty's Government whether they ought not to be
produced. The bill, the third reading of which was now
before the house, demanded its most serious attention.
It was curious how quietly measures involving great in-
terests were passed through their lordships' house. That
very night the Tea Duties Decline Suspension Bill had
been passed through committee in silence, and yet by
that bill a reduction of taxes to the amount of 500,0001.
a-year would at once be given up. It was, he admitted,
a very necessary measure, but still he could not but re-
mark on the manner in which it had been allowed to pass
through committee. With respect, however, to the bill
now under consideration, if their lordships would consider
its importance, and the principle upon which it rested, they
would see there were few bills that could be brought be-
fore them of greater importance. If the house was asked
what the bill was about, the answer would most probably
be that it was the usual Exchequer Bill,which was passed
every year. Such was originally his (Lord Montea-
gle':) own opinion ' • but when he looked into the bill at-
tentively, he found its scope was far wider—dealing not
only with the past and present, but also largely with the
future—than any of its predecessors, and that it intro-
duced a new principle into that branch of finance. The
house was aware that the ordinary unfunded debt con-
sisted of securities by bills, which were given for twelve
months, bearing interest, and renewable by other bills,
according to such altered conditions as the Chancellor
of the Exchequer might think right to impose. Though
the bill, as drawn, seemed to be an ordinary bill for the
exchange of Exchequer-bills, it took a much wider scope.
When the bill was brought in in the early part of the
last session to prepare for the first efforts of war, he
thought that those efforts should have been of a more
decided character, Red shown to foreign countries that
we were prepared for a great struggle. It was then
stated, with great truth, that whereas some of the ways
and means that were then voted would not be in imme-
diate course of payment, and that as the expenditure
would be immediate, it was necessary that application
should be made to Parliament to provide for the tem-
porary deficiency by Exchequer-bills. That proposition
was agreed to by the other house, and acquiesced in by
their lordships. At the same time, a great principle was
laid down, almost without qualification, that the differ-
ence between right and wrong was hardly more distinct
than the difference of raising money to meet the expanses
of the war by annual taxation and by credit or loan. It
was under the circumstance of that principle that the Go-
vernment of the day found it necessary to raise a sum of
money to meet the expenses of the war. The cum re-
quired was 1,750,0001. That amount was raised, upon
the understanding that it should be repaid out of revenue,
instead of being a permanent debt in the nature of ordi-
nary bills renewable from year to year. It was then
stated that the expenses of the war would be met by
taxation from year to year—that these bills would be
such as to distinguish them from ordinary bills repre-
senting a permanent debt—that they would be charge-
able upon revenue • and they were told that, when once
the bills were issued, they would hear no more of the
matter. It so happened that, by looking to this sum of
17,183,0001., and comparing it with the ordinary amount,
which was 16,000,0001. some odd numbers, he found
that these bills, which bad been proclaimed to be so dif-
ferent from the ordinary annual bills exchangeable from
year to year, had been slipped into this bill—(hear)— '
without notice, without explanation in any shape what-
ever ; and that they had been converted from short bills
chargeable upon revenue, into what had been describe a
by a late member of the Government as " permanent
this respect—the obligation of renewing them is from
'ear to year." What he complained of was, the 13,3 r ing
down one principle and acting upon the very °Ness ite.
(Hear.) The noble lord then read an extract from the
work of M. Leon Faucher' called " Essays upon. the
Finances of War," in which he had occasion to consider
the question of raising the supplies within the y or
by loan—the one course being adopted by El rgland,
the other by the Emperor of France. Re (M.Z. Leon
Faucher) said that the reasoning of Mr. GI: selstone,
though supported by the great authority )1 Mills
and M'Cullocb, was far from being u aanswer-
able. He laid it down as a principle, that when the
exigency was trifling it was the duty of the• Govern-
ment to meet the expenses by current taxation ; but upon
other occasions, when the exigency was gretet, and they
Were involved in wars which would affect future gene-
rations as much as, or more, t'aan the present genera-
tion, it was neither prudencfe nor justice, to throw the
whole cost and weight of a national co'atest upon the
annual taxation. Ho (Lore' Monteagle) maintained that
that-was the common arose of the rase. In '97 Mr.
Pitt made a change of )',is financial policy. He (Lord
Monteagle) differed troy a Mr. Pitt in his financial policy
on many poiets, but fie admitted it was impossible to
carry ou the, war with. France without borrowing. But
we were *now approaching the provision to be made for
one of the greatest struggles in which this countr.T had
been yet engaged—a. question as to what amount of de-
fe,ency we may havve to provide for. If there be a
'chance of the doctrirses laid down last year being applied
to this year, he trembled at the consequences of such an
experiment, because he thought it would be a great
wrong and a great injustice upon the industrious people
of this country. In 1817, during Lord Liverpool's Go-
vernment, there was a model estimate laid before Par-
liament, which was held to be adequate for the ordinary
safety of the country, yet it scarcely exceeded
17,000,0001. The estimates for the present year he
had no means of getting at but what were known
to their lordships ; but taking the average supplies
for 1851, 1852, and 1853, they were about 21,000,000/. ;
the votes f0r1854, he believed, were 39,000,0001. ;
while in the present year, without taking into
the azcount the votes for the disembodied militia,
packet service, or miscellaneous, the vote
mightw ul d •bebeategeoo,ooo/. ; so that he thought there
for tkte.itetior
arge.ot 50,800,0001. And that was only
Consolidated PusaV ; there was not a word about the
of
the diplomatic service ; therefore,
he thought it was
great importance that they
should know at leastEiZeiYerrs ineiple upon which those sup-
plies were raised. (Hear.
Earl GRANVILLE admitted this was a subject of
the greatest importance to the whole country. At the
same time he felt he hardly need offer an. apolo that
pgoyn the
he had not thought it necessary to treirm,
h in asking them to
a speee-) gl e their c
house by onsent ,
to a bill enabling the Government to raise an amount I
Exchequer-bills, to an amount not greater, with on o°
two exceptions, than had been annually raised during the
last 42 years-of peace. He was convinced that the noble
lord, in his speech of nearly an hours length, brought
forward no argument against the bill, but only an argil.
ment that had existed for some time between him and a
right hon. friend of his (Lord Granville's) in another
place. With reference to the answer which the noble
lord had made to the speech of that right hon. gentle.
than, he (Lord Granville) had no idea when he was corn-
big down to the house what remarks the noble lord was
about to snake. But he assumed that the late Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer laid it down as a rule never
to have recourse to a loan. Ile (Lord Granviih) be-
lieved the principles laid down by his right honourable
friend were Round in themselves, and he believed there
was au evil in loans which had a tendency not only to
make the people but the Piirliament and the Go-
vernment more lavish of money than otherwise. He
could not a !mit the doctrine of M. Leon Faucher, be-
cause at the end of the last war the debt of France was
comparatively small to that of England, which was enor-
mous. It was impossible for him to anticipate what the
present Chancellor of the Exchequer might propose to his
colleagues, and be even declined to give any opinion on
that stamp bill to which the noble lord had alluded.
but lord talked about trembling for the future,
he (Lord Granville) thought, looking to the general
state of the trade of the country, looking to the state of