The Sun.
London, England, 1855-04-05 00:00:00

Tho oth,

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No. 19,506.]

The SIXTH and CONCLUDING VOLUME is now ready, enitellished with

PUBLICATIONS.

Portraits, of
LIVES of the PRINCESSES of ENGLAND.
By Mrs. EVERETT GREEN.
Comprising the conclusion of the Life of the Queen of Bohemia—
Mary, Princess of Orange—Henrietta, Duo' ess of Orleans, &e.
Published for H. Colburn, by his successors, Hurst and Blackett.

THE SECRET MARRIAGE;
or, Contrasts in Life.

NEW NOVEL.
Just ready, hi 3 vols. post 8 %ro ,

By Miss_F. WILLIAM.
Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to Henry CoAwn, 13,
Great Marlbarough• street.

FALLACIES of the FACULTY. People's
. Edition. Price 2s 61. _ .

" What is the English practice (=f Physic ? Having first, in almost
every case, daly diminished income, the food and drink, and wa'ted
capital, the blood and the elements of the blood, no man is considered
a competent physician who does not further multi. ly by a general
rule of three the normal expenditure of the healthy body. The result ?
A long illness, a long attendance, and a long bill."—Dr. Dickson's
Destructive Art of Healing.
Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., Stationer's Court, and all booksellers
in town and country.

STRICTITR E of the URETHRA : its Rational
Treatment and Prompt Cure.

just published, price 55., by post, free, ss. 6d.,

By F B. COURTENAY,
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
" We believe Mr. Courtenay's experience in the treatment of 'stric-
ture during the last twenty years has equalli d, if, Indeed, it has not
surpassed, that of any of his contemporaries. It is, therefore, no
mater of sun rise that he should enjoy the reputation of being a
most dexterous and skilful maniptf ator with urethral instruments;
and when it is remembered that the iamented Liston used to assert
that the introduction of instruments through a stricture which had
previously been impermeable to them was the most difficult in the
whole ranee of surgical operations, it must be no slight source of
gratification on Mr. 'ourtenay's part to have achieved the reputation
he has in this res ect ; and for our part, with the knowledge we have
of hiS exnetience. we know of fl i M^^ r^."^.^ r,re we would with
greater connuence entrust she treatment of a severe case of
of the urethra."—Medical Circa' ar. . .

ALLSOPP'S EAST INDIA PALE ALE,
as specially ordered for SCUTARI, recommended by BARON
LIEBIG and the most eminent members of the medical profession,
in Bottles and Casks (18 OFdlons and upwards), imperial measure.
Address: HARRINGTON. PARKER, and CO., .eer, Wine, and
Spirit Merchants 5%, Pall-Mall, who bottle Allsopp's Pale Ale only.

London: H. Batlllere, 219, Regent-street.

UNE DEMOISELLE FI,t,A.NCAISE, parlant
parfaitment Allemand, et outre cela de l'ltalien et l'A nglats,
des re se placi-r dais une famine pour y instrui,c et prendre la charge
entiere des enfan s. Elle est trey habile a l'aiguille, et pent entre-
pren +re la charge de toute la rnalson. Elle donnera tousles rensei • ne-
ments desirables. ayant ete pendant 1 1 ans dans la meme famille.
Ses conditions sont, Soixante Quinees par an.—S'adresser aux initiels
A. If. G., No. 51, Manchester-street, Manchester-square, London.

Profits divided annual
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ESTABLISHED 1837.
BRITANNIA LIFE ASSURANCE
COMPANY.

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Empowered by Special Act of Parliament, 4 Vict., cap. 9.
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Sum assured payable at Sixty or at death if occurring previously

BRITANNIA
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DIREI

James gtewart Hodgson, Esq.
Lancelot Holland, Esq.

HOW RUSSIA otiom TO BE DEALT WITH,
(From the Morn ing Chronicle of this day.)
to the doctrine.

Sir John Wm. Lubbock, Bart.
Charles John ➢fanning, Esq.
Henry Nelson, Esci.
Edward Howley Palmer. Esq.
Sir John Henry Polly, Bart.
Abraham George Robarts, Esq.
Charles Robinson, El q.
William Soltau, Esq.
Joseph Somes, Esq.
Thomas Tooke, Esq.

William Wallace, E.
Charles Baring Young,. Esq.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

THE NECESSITY FOR IMMEDIATE
- ACTION IN THE CRIMEA.
( From the Times of this day.)
If we now look back on the errors which have
been committed in the course of this expedition we
do not doubt that one of the gravest of them was
the decision not to attack the enemy after the
battle of Balaklava. Our fire had opened on the
17th of October, and the result had speedily shown
that Sebastopol was not to be taken by the works
and siege train then at the disposal of the allied'
armies. The Russians, under Liprandi, embol-
dened by our want of success, hung about our
rear on the 25th and 26th of October,.on which
latter day they were defeated, mainly by the skil-
ful dispositions of General Evans and the courage
of the Second .Division. Had the allied Generals
decided at that moment to throw their whole force
upon the Russian army—for we had still at that
time the necessary supply of horses for the artillery
—the results might have been decisive. Instead of
that, they waited until the Russian reinforcements
arrived, and on the sth of November our imper-
fect intrenchments were attacked by superior num-
bers, and we suffered the frightful carnage of In-
kerman.
We allude to this incident now, because it offers
some resemblance to the present position of the
armies. There is great reason to suppose that the
allied forces are about to repeat the attack of the
17th of Octeber, on a much more fotraidable scale.
This intention has, at any rate; been constantly
announced, and a great part of the toils and hard-
ships sustained by the army during the winter arose
from the preparations.Ancessantly:.earried. on for
this long-expeet.,,o .4.4-01... L....u34 assume, in
.I,lw tethe delays which have intervened, that
the same intention still exists ; for, if it were
otherwise, the perseverance of the commanders in
prolonging these arduous siege operations would
be wholly inexplicable. Nor can the moment be
much longer deferred at which such an attack
may still be practicable, for the enemy has already
shown with what incredible activity and vigour he
has found means to bring up his reinforcements
against us. We will suppose, therefore that the
attack by a prolonged cannonade is to be made,
and to be made soon, and that if we succeed in
silencing the fire of any of the fronts of the place
it will be followed by an immediate assault. God
grant that such may be the case, and that while
we are discussing the adverse as well as the favour-
able chances of the war some glorious and triumph-
ant achievement may terminate our uncertainty !
But it is not the less our duty to consider the
other alternative, and to contemplate our position
in the event of the failure of such an attack. That
would indeed bring us back to the situation the
armies were in on the eve of Balaklava and of
Inkermann, with this difference, that we could no
longer entertain hopes of success against the south-
ern side of Sebastopol by the means hitherto em-
ployed to reduce it, and that, instead of the ap-
proach of winter, which served to impede the move-
ments of the enemy, we must now prepare for the
approach of summer, which exposes our troops to
a mew class of dangers, and leaves our adversary in
full possession of his resources. Such a state of
affairs is at least so far possible that it ought to be
provicied against, and we ought to foresee by what
means I% ese difficulties may best be overcome and
the canepaign successfully carried on. A multi-
tude of exoedients instantly suggest themselves to
the mind, for the large naval force constantly at
the disposal of the Generals, and the facilities
offered for every sort of operation on the southern
coast of tlw Crimea, might enable them to pro-
ceed by means which have not hitherto been at-
tempted. We abstain from mere speculations
on this subject`, which would be valuless if they
were unfoun cled, and might be injurious if they
were correct. But we protest against the sup-
position that an Anglo-French army upwards of
100,000 strong' has done all that can be done for
the attainment of our objects when it has suc-
ceeded in mai utaining an intrenched position
against the enemy, and in opening a fire of great
power but of doubtful effect upon the town. Such
troops, handled by the Duke of Wellington, or by
one of Napoleon's Marshals, would sweep the
country before them ; and, though we despair of
nothing when Nve see the courage they have on all
occasions displayed, yet even that courage is wasted
when it is not • goid ed by military genius in the
chiefs of the army..

We are required to subscri.
that, in considering the question of a peace wit

MEDICAL REFEREE—SaMUeI Stilly, ESQ., F.R.S.
Notice.—The usual fifteen days allowed or payment of Vir a pre-
Russia the sincerity of that Power is not a neces
sary element of the dikeussion. The only guaran-
miums falling due at Lady-day will expire on the 9th of April.
FIRE and LIFE ASSURANCES may be effected with this Cor-
poration on advantageous terms. ) tee, we are told, for the permanency of such a
The Assured are exempt from the liabilities of partnership,. and
payment of their claims is guaranteed by a large invested cap it al- peace, is the power to enforce it I
stock. If this be the view of her Majesty's Government
voerr,saietnleawryertiPorNemusiumoos, wmittehopuotlisaniecah pnaaartical,p,artiognd. 2 p
ey .
Into theftts Life Department, assurances are granted with participat I, le we congratulate them on having arrived at the only
Thepro Re'
Cent. per annum on the sum assured, or 46 per cent. on the
Life. 'II satisfactory solution of the question which now
pa
Thy Corp not exceeling 10,0001. may be assured en one Life. agitates the country. It is a remarkable fact, how-
The Corporation bears the cost of Policy Stamps and Medical Fees, ' ever, that no contradiction has yet appeared of
I the very circumstantial statements that have been .
and requires no entrance-money.
The Assured are subject to no f, ,üblisliecl, to the effect that a peace was at least in
expense hut the Premium. No extra charge is
0.4 are granted on Life Polic'es to their full vieues. on.
made for service in the et ,ntemplation which would almost wholly have left
militia
Nwsithin the United Kingdom.
tee tial guaran-
This Corporation affords all the.t of view those material and substan
the stability of an office safely e advantarestl of modern practice,
tested by the experience of fora 3."
and Special Acts of Parliament, anodnst tuted under Royal Charier -. i which are provided by " the power to en-
nearly a century and half. There /7 • •
There are two kinds of " power to en-
withexistence. a is but one older life office In force —the one arising from the positive weakness
of ;Vi fur enemy, the other from your own supe-
riorft, yin strength. Between these two modes of
prove '.t ling
are in v w ca against future contingencies the Allies
called upon to choose. Evidently, if Sebas-
topol vere reduced to the rank of a•raere mercathen-
tile pc sit, and if the Russian ships of war in
w
Black Sea were limited to a harmless number,
the enei ould be created such a positive weakness in
there
would rL iceive an additional guarantee.
other ban On the
•ny that the future independence of Turkey
(d, if a treaty were concluded which left
Sebastopo 1 las it is, and permitted to Russia the
means of a, Igmenting and concealing the extent of
her naval p tv wer, it is equally clear, according to
the doctrine to which we are required to subscrmaintai n
that the
Al li es would be compelled to
'ten• eighbourhood—or that Turkey would
have in son
to I 3orresponding way to be p
to au extentrotected
% etpal to the means of annoyance thus
left at the d.
'kei )osal of the enemy.
To men of , ordinary common sense the qu.
For
estion
important one
of sincerity s,ppears a very
instance, sin pose we had a quarrel with the United
States, and t hat it were arranged by treaty, should
we entertain any doubt of the honour and integrity
of our Ameri, ;an neighbours ? Should we think it
necessary top rovide a force which should constantly
be on the watt hto prevent infringements of solemn
engagements ? Is there any Power in the civilised
world with red,
pert to whom we should think it ne-
cessary to ado' it such precautions, after the signa-
ture of the Poe vier had once been appended to a
treaty ? We w ill'• go farther. What is European
international lap tr ? Much of it, no doubt, rests
upon the letter o I treaties ; but how much more on
the sense of how tit" and the national pride which
pr mad
fi •or a breaking engagements, lest they
should find then Ile elves excluded from the family of
nations ? Surely , in this view of the case, it cannot
be s: tid that the question of sincerity is beyond the
scopo of the al :gument. On the contrary, the
, of such international arrangements
Trigg ht and value
depend upon thi ) mutual confidence of the various
Sta,%es, and the ri Shame of each on the public honour
of the other&
Th ere aro ma my States in Europe whose inde-
rvived wars of conquest and of
'SO% o of them are so insignificant, in
point of view, that they could net pro-
Plaroeemovngdillei:tll.tilaicerf 18xist en( e a year if they were not pro-
tected by the sine lerity with which greater States
adhere to I ;heir m intual engagements to respect the
neuti•ality of thei. r weaker brethren. The sincerity
Nl3
with vvlif a at. ,a St , enters into an engagement is the
inducumc
t to anti' ther State to propose it ; and
England,
moral law l more the.. a any other European Power,
to typhoid. this doctrine, because, if this
has reason
~f - E urope were once set at naught, she
would have,
to an indefinite extent, to augment
to
it enforce" any treaty to which she
her " power
might be apa r tY•
h Russia, we have to combat one
r,
In dealing N 'aordinary combinations of fraud
of the most e. rt..
,hic,, hthe annals of mankind afford
and force of w
is the fraud, the disciplined
an example, r.i There, -itals, with all the organisa-
cunning, of the Oriea
their cunning by- the
he civilisation of Europe
Lion of force w hie ,h t„
talc, we should ' laling with pure Euro-
lealing with pure Orien-
teaches. If we T rere k
use of force—if vv.!'
their force by tb t. hat international law
esi, eid
peons, we should exercise a
'rostrata
e were di moral influence over
which, by COM
have shown Lb,l-tas been established
• been indulged with
hybrid raer,,, W
among States-. Itre engaged with a
,e
nactcioonnseonf t,
9rcourse, and. who
the better tcp k As it is, We
the ctrart • hoofhdaivpelotmooatliocnignts
a scheme of
'tks forms in order
!utetche
eel oinul
conquest to •Fri tick there would be 11-0
only adopt
ectualti.LNg
limit but that
which made .A lexander weep.
It is quite "
t mistake to suppose thal Lord John
.0

NOTICE.--E. MOSES and SON'S ESTABLISHMENTS will be
CLOSED on MONDAY and TUESDAY, 9th and 10th April, re-
opening, as usual, on Wednesday morning at 7 o'clock.

ROYAL EXCHANGE, LONDON.
JOHN A. HIGHA.M, Actuary and Secretary.

HOLIDAYS of EASTER.—
In olden times these Holidays were observed by national'
games and festivities, denoting the commencement of Spring and
Summer. By E. MOSES and SON they are demonstrations of
claims to universal commercial supremacy; for the Spring Styles
and Fashions they then exhibit are the novel productions of every
country and clime—the skilful inventions of the most talented artists
and workmen in the world. Before Easter inspect

Tux
4ust IX.ls -------_______
ilitssdE:r INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY
price 25., illustrated with cases; free by post for 30
stamps,
RN-OUB DEBILITY;
Nato.
rritts Causes, Symptoms, and Cure.—An Essay
a safer and more
niece arts a, With Practical Observations on
Generative
on Sper-
tYste I niode of treatment of the diseases of the
ecG
ungand
ti,,,nsu, obtained by the use of the Microscope
tverygt:,isil.ingt by urinary examination, the real fAinuseodlasittnadryeffheacbtitost,
seltice,sesa,ralectscSideonftcompll'"t. whletherd tryispinrgc from a
ticalresmarks, foundpd
Isieritsyeuty
yearstorexcpztec„efo lo e
in wthe treatment of Impuissan.ce.
are °° 8 Debility, Local Weakness, Spermatorrhcea,
cautto,"erl. Commentaries on the Physiology of Marriage, with p
ce
whirce.h
and nary hints on the evils emanating from empirical practi
the.2„o b the a
Angerous remedies advocated by various writers on
' traPertant disorders.
nY SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D.
13; 11 .„
D .DPORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
Dog h'
MArl""
bon, H--o—..,ine. Matriculated Member of the University of Edii
/.10,04,_ norarY Member of the London Hospital Medical Society
Apothecaries' Hall, London, Sm., &c.
LoqZ es,suntial object of this treatise is to point out the fearful con.
,‘vhiell ,'LLrestilting from certain habits, irregularities, and excesses
4 ied
~ eve Pro aced more misery in Youth, degradation in Man
titian,: °To Premature decay at all stages of Life, than, perhaps, an)
0,,..7 ass of disease known to modern pathologists. Ito perusal it
t,,lerLetilarly- recommended to persons entertaining secret doubts o
tie hietYsical Condition, and who are conscious ofkaving hazardeo
e ;titled %) happizess, and privilegesito which every human being is
ertnt t,' absolutely necessary thatall men should know, that there are
• neeer,Pl, of personal management which cannot be violated without
tie I;e°lg grievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret succeed
may beYtittY Of inconsiderate self-indulgence, how these penalties
and howittit
igated, how the sting of their bitterness may be removed.
Viet the r. evil and its consequences may be avoided, and above all,
ders.,;.!_,e— scaree4 any degree of phystal infirmity or functional
h,ir,t_r nt to which the timely aid of science cannot apply a cure.
DraetieT9r has for a series of years been engaged in an extensive
urtfortu_ in
,the treatment of these delicate complaints, which have
eelDiri e. been too generally confided to the care of ignorant
faith le; who inflict great injury on those who are induced to place
lit 111,,heir pretensions.
Il_rethers°D.S,. DEBILITY may be had, price
uortie,
14 sr C, 23, Paternoster-row ; 2S, of Messrs. Piper,
Hannay, 63, Oxford-street ;
thirty 8,._ icester-square; Mann, 39, Cornhill ; or free by post for
i irdseq,"47eos to any address from the Author's residence, 37, Bed-
-11 ix uu kior ceasultition daily from_ Eleven
At onle'f.
1111 Two and from
--- • - _.

Shoes, the largest stock of the best
and most fashionable articles for
Ladies, Gentlemen, and Children.
E. Moses and sore's Hat and
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every new introduction which
the most accomplished artists
have designed.
E. MOSES and Box's Hosiery
Goods are the most elegant and
useful articles for Spring and Sum-
mer. Ladies, Gentlemen, and
Families will find superior quality
and cheapness combined.
E. MOSES and SON are
Merchant Teilors, Clothiers, Hatters. Hosiers, shirt Manufac-
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CAUTION.—E. Mons and Sow beg to state they have no connexion
with any other house in or out of London, except their own Esta-
blishment?, as follow :
London City Establishment, corner of the Minories, and Aldgate
(opposite the church).
London West-end Branch, New Oxford-street, corner of Hart-
street.
Country Branches—Sheffield and Bradford, Yorkshire.
Colonial Wholesale Branch—Melbourne, Australia.
The establishments a' e closed from sun, et on Fridays till sunset en
Saturdays, when business is resumed till 12 o'clock.
IMPORTANT.—shouId any article not give satiafeetion it will be ex-
changed or, if preferred, the money returned without hesitation: An
goods are marked in plain figures, the lowest price, from which no
abatement can be made.
A New Book, with lists of prices, system of self-measurement,
and other information, may be had on application,
tip ost free.
An Illustrated Almanac for 1855 gratis, on applica, or post free.
Id on parle Francais. I Qui si parla Italian.
Hier sprlcht man Deutsch. Aqua se habla Espagnol.

E. ll'osEs and Sox's Juvenile
Dress Department offers the
greatest attractions, more novelty,
greater variety, and more rea-
sonable prices than at any other
house.

E. Mons and Sores Spring
and Summer Styles in Attire for
all classes may now be possessed
on conditions the most satisfac-
tory. Goods, sur erior in quality,
the highest rank in fashion, at
very economical prices.
E, Mom and Sox's Boots and

DR. CULVERWELL ON NERVOUSNESS, DEBILITY, AND
INDIGESTION.

Aiso, on Urinary Derangements, Constipation, and Haemorrhoids, ls
each, by post Is. 6d.
WHAT TO EAT, DRINK, AND AVOID.
" Abstentia multi curantur morbi."
A popular exposition of the principal causes (over and careless
eeding, &c.) of the above harassing and distressing complaints,
with an equally intelligible and popular exposition of how we should
live to get rid of them ; to which is added, diet tables for every meal
in the day, and fall instillations for the regimen and observance of
every hour out of the twentyfour. Illustrated by numerous
eases, &c.

LIGHTS AND SHADES OF MARRIED LIFE.
" He which that bath no wif, I hold him lost,
Helpless, and all desolat. He that hath no child,
Like sun and winde."—Chaucer.
Subject : Marriage, its expectations and Necessities—Development
,t the Affections—Love Matches—Precipitate, impelled, and retarded
unions—Marital Incongruities—Mutual Unsuitableness—Menta'
Incompatibility and Physical Defectiveness—Advantages of Inter-
marriage—Theory of Gestation—Hereditary Resemblance—Mode of
determining Legitimacy. On Infelicitous, Infertile, and all Unas-
similable Alliances—Law of Divorce, Bcc., &c.
3.
CHASTITY AND ITS INFRINGEMENTS.
A Lecture to Young Men.
" What passions hurt the body—what improve,
Truths as refined as Athens ever beard."
Subject : Life's pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The advent
if the passions. Chastity and its infringement. The casualties of
licentiousness and dissipation, with illustrations, graphic, narrative,
end remediative. Advocacy of early marriages, &c.

4.
On Secret Diseases, their Self-management and Cure.
The GREEN BOOK.—A comprehensive and popular exposition
)f genito and urinary diseases—their nature and treatment, com-
arising especially primary and secondary symptoms, all forms of
urinary derangements, stricture and spermatorrhcea ; with 250 en-
;ravings and prescriptions.

The BLADDER,. URETHRA, anl RECTUM.—Comprising
Urinary Derangements, Constipation, and limmorrholds.
Vols. 6 and 7, companions to the pteceding.
THE ENJOYMENT OF LIFE. HOW TO BE HAPPY.
" Jucunde Vivere."
"Few words to fair faith."--Shakespere.
Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row; Mann, 39, Cornhill ; Or of
DP. RICHARD CULVERWELL,
brother, Successor, and Twenty Years C.maulting Colleague of the
ate Author of the above, 10, Argyll-place, Regent-street, London
who may be advised with on the above matters daily, from Ten till
rive, and in the evenings,from Seven till Wee. '

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LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 5, 1855.

Russell went to Vienna—at least, in so far as his 1
mission bad the assent of the nation—for the mere
purpose of !effecting a peace. He was despatched
to the scene of the Conferences, rather to demon-
strate to all the Powers, and to the common enemy
more especially, that the time for temporising was
past, and the time for action come. Discussions,
on the items of the seggested arrangement, were a
mere secondary consideration, by comparison with
the great question—whether Russia should or
should not be permitted to pursue her plans of
universal aggression. The " sincerity" of Russia
was entirely out of the question. In one sense,
indeed, the new doctrine to which we have referred
is true—that she is so thoroughly insincere as to
preclude the idea of adopting towards her, in
treaty-making, any other principle of action than
that of retaining the "power to enforce." If Se-
bastopol is of no importance, why is it attacked ?
If it is of importance, why should the supporters
of the_Gevernment here, and the enemies of the
Government of France, show themselves so anxious
, for the conclusion of a peace which would not in-
I elude its dismantlement ?
One great mistake appears to pervade all the
arguments in favour of an unsatisfactory, and,
therefore, a temporary peace. Russia is treated as
if she were in the position of an ordinary European
Power. Her past history and present attitude
wholly belie this view. The majority of States—
of those at: least with which we have from time
to time to treat—have no design to aggrandise
themselves at the expense of the territories of their
neighbours. Russia, on the contrary, stands in the
position in which France was under the first Re-
public and the firstEnaTire. Conquest is the law
of her Eriirottrar,--grnot of -her -Axistence as a
mace. With a Power so situated, you cannot make
arrangements as with one of the affiliated nations.
The same law must be extended to her that was
applied to propagandist or aggressive France. It is
therefore that the power of doing mischief ought
to be withdrawn from Russia—therefore, that
Statesmen and publicists who desire a permanent
peace insist on the dismantlement of Sebastopol,
as an inevitable condition of the proposed settle-
ment. If her Majesty's Government—and we put
the case hypothetically. only as a matter of form—
if the present rulers of this country have permitted
themselves, for the purpose of hushing up threat-
ening manifestations at home, to propose such a
settlement, they will find that no amount of diplo-
matic logic or mystification will reconcile the com-
mon sense of the British people to so short-sighted
a policy or to so suicidal a humiliation.

sibility of keeping up the vicarage-house. This
seems to have been in 1847, at which, time Dr.
Griffiths was Romish Bishop of the " diocess," ac-
cording to the arrangements prevailing in the com-
munity. Six or eight months afterwards Dr.
Griffiths was succeeded in this office by Dr.
Wiseman, and things appear to have gone on in
their usual course till 1850—the year, as will be
well remembered, in which Dr. Wiseman threw the
whole kingdom into agitation by his assumption of
new titles and powers. In that year Mr. Boyle
received a letter from his superior to the effect
that he was to be superseded in his situation,
though it does not seem that the proceeding was
grounded on any direct complaint or any charge of
miscenduct. Dr. Wiseman appears' simply to
have alleged that, after full consideration, he had
resolved upon making a " total change of men and
system" at Islington, and hid accordingly ap-
pointed " two-fresh priests," one of whom proved
to be the Rev. Mr. Oakley, a seceder, as will be ,
recolleCted, from the Church of England, and a
gentleman of considerable property. Whether the
Cardinal thought that a church with 3,000 or
4,000 sittings ought to be supplied with more than
half as many attendants—whether he thought that
a wealthy ,minister was better for the place than
a poor one, or by what motives in particular he
was influenced; is more than can be said ; but,
at any rate, he decided that Mr. Boyle must
be dismissed, though he offered him "an im-
pyriant mission at. Chichester,"—a proceeding
which of itself would seem to show that no impu-
tation- attached ;to his character. Mr. Boyle,
however, was by no means willing to leave Isling-
ton. His salary there, as curate, was " ss. a-
aiby," and this was raised by certain dues to
150(. or 1601. a-year. He seems, moreover, to
have laid out 3001. or 4001. on the curate's resi-
dence, in farniture and repairs, having intended,
as he deposed, to increase his income by " edu-
cating young gentlemen for the Universities,"—a
design in which Cardinal Wiseman promised to
assist him. According to his statement, he had
expended his money on a distinct understanding
with Dr. Griffiths as to the permanency of his
position, but he had no written document in proof
of such arrangement. "In our church," said
he, upon - his _ cross-examination, "an inferior
would not dare to ask for such a document
from a superior. We are so much in their power
and control that no priest would dare to
say to his superior, ' Put this in black
and white ;' be would not do it, but would
most probably say, ' This is not the man
for me.' " Neither did it appear on the trial
that he was' unacceptable to his congregration, for
one of its members deposed that when his removal
was talked of a memorial in his faveur was signed
in a very short time by 1,100 of his parishioners,
—i.e., something like four-fifths of the whole.
However, though he appears to have questioned
Dr. Wiseman's power to remove him. he was
nevertheless removed ; he took his furniture with
him, and, in liquidation of the other demand which
he made on the score of his disbursements, he re-
ceived only 601., of which 301. was due for arrears
of salary, and 201. absorbed by the costs of re-
covering the debt. For this purpose he employed
a solicitor, contrary to whose advice he reduced
his original claim, in consequence, as he testified,
of the Cardinal's " pleading poverty." It seems
hard to discover in these transactions any great
offence committed by Mr. Boyle, unless it be that
of demurring to the will of his superior, in what-
ever way signified ; but we learn, notwithstanding,
that some time afterwards the dismissed.curate wrote
two " letters of apology" to the Cardinal, waited
upon him at his " palace" in Golden-square, and
there, in the "reception-room" of that establish-
ment, " went on his knees and asked him for par-
don and forgiveness."
As long afterwards as May, 1854, occurred the
circumstances out of which the trial in question
arose. A Romish priest deposed in evidence that
there were two parties in his church—" a loyal
party and a party which was not," which remark-
able definition he presently corrected to " an ultra
and a moderate party." One of these sections dis-
approved the Cardinal's conduct in the proceedings
of 1850 the other defended it, and the disputants
appear to have advocated their respective opinions
in two foreign journals—the Ami de la Religion
and the Univers, the latter of which was alleged
on the trial to be " under the inspiration" of
the Cardinal himself. A certain article adverse
to the views of the ultra party having appeared
in the Arni de la Religion, the Cardinal seems
at once to have attributed it in his own mind

MISMANAGEMENT IN THE CONDUCT OF

THE WAR
(From the Daily News of this day.)
There is a little episode connected with the War
which should not be overlooked. Lord Raglan
obtained authority from the Government, in De-
cember last, to send to India for two regiments of
English cavalry, should he deem such an increase
requisite for the army in the Crimea. His Lord-
ship did think the reinforcement necessary, and
did send to India for the Dragoons—the Tenth
Hussars and Twelfth Lancers—numbering 600 men
and horses in each corps. The order arrived at
Bombay for the former regiment to be despatched
forthwith, via Egypt, to the seat of war. In an
incredibly short time the corps was brought down
from their up-country station—PoOna, nearly 100
miles from the Presidency—and embarked for
Suez. Great credit is due to the officers of the
Bombay Quartermaster-General's department for
the quickness with which the embarkation was
managed, and still more to Admiral Sir Henry
Leeke for the admirable arrangements he made for
the Hussars and their horses on board ship. With-
out any delay, the corps was started for its desti-
nation, and in due time arrived at Suez—accom-
plishing a sea voyage of nearly 1,500 miles, with
the loss of but four horses out of six hundred. In
Egypt every arrangement had been made for the
transit of this great number of horses through the
desert, and the regiment arrived at Cairo with-
out an accident of any kind, somewhere about
the middle of February. Here they met an
order from England directing them not to come ou
to Alexandria until transports should be ready at
that port to bring them on to the Crimea. The
consequence is, that the regiment, after being hur-
ried away from India to Stiez, have now been up-
wards of a month at Cairo—one of the most un-
healthy towns in the world at this season for
Europeans—doing nothing whatever. The latest
advices from Balaklava, dated the 21st March, in-
timate that the Jason had just been despatched to
Alexandria for the purpose of bringing over the
10th Hussars. But judging from the number of
men and horses taken out last year in the Hima-
laya—a vessel more than one-third larger than the
Jason—this latter steamer will not be able to
bring more than 200 out of the 600 men belonging
to the 10th Hussars now at Cairo ; so that 400 of
that corps, and 600 of the 12th Lancers, who by
this time have arrived at Suez, will be left for
some weeks longer in Egypt, because no transports
have been provided for them at Alexandria. And
this, be it remarked, whilst Balaklava is full of
ships and steamers of all sizes. Is the Home Go-
vernment or is Field-Marshal Lord Raglan to
blame in this matter ? From strong presumptive
evidence we should say the latter. The former
gave his 'lordship permission to send to India for
these troops, and, no doubt, left him to make his
own arrangements for their transmission to the
Crimea. The English authorities knew that
Lord Raglan had at his disposal many more trans-
ports than were needed to bring twice the num-
ber of Dragoons now in Egypt to Balaklava, but
either his lordship or his lordship's Quartermas
ter-General—most likely both—seem not to be
yet fully awake from the sleep they have been
indulging in all the winter, and to have ima-
gined that the Indian authorities would be as di-
latory in sending the regiments from Bombay, as
Lord Raglan and his Staff have been in everything
connected with the campaign since the army ar-
rived before Sebastopol. If General Canrobert or
his staff had been guilty of so flagrant a want of
arrangement regarding the embarking of French
troops, the delinquents would very soon find them-
selves at perfect liberty to walk about the Boule;
yards of Paris, and with very little chance of ever
holding another command. But not so in Eng-
land. The very fact of being brother to a late and
uncle to a present duke makes amends for a vast
quantity of sin in this country. In military matters
we don't apparently, as yet, accept the axiom that
he who fails in an undertaking should be obliged
to make way for a better man. The Czar of Russia
fully understands this rule, and acts upon it ; but
in England an officer, with a handle to his name
and family interest to back him up, may succeed or
not. If he does, he will be lauded to the skies,
and honours of all sorts will be showered upon him.
general But should he fail, it matters not. More money
lt
and another army will be forthcoming from where
thewill lbaestfowrgeroettefnurwnihsehnedt,he
and even
officer the
fault
u of
making the nation a laughing-stock to the world
s a scion of a noble house.

to the pen of Mr. Boyle, and in return himself
indited an article in the Univers, signed with
his own name, which contained the matter
charged as libellous. In this statement Mr. Boyle's
connection with the order of the Jesuits, his subse-
quent career at Islington, and his proceedings in
the matter of his removal wore all so described
that, although the plaintiff was not mentioned by
name, there was no doubt as to the bearing of the
allusions, and on these grounds the action for
libel was brought and decided in the manner we
have already related. The case first came on for
trial last summer, but, the plaintiff having been
nonsuited on that occasion, an application for a new
trial was made and granted.
Such is a compendious exposition of the facts in-
volved in the case of " Boyle v. Wiseman," and the
reader will admit, we think, that they convey an
edifying view of the discipline maintained in the
Romish Church. Whatever may be the position
of this community in other respects, it is at least
plain that its interests are not likely to suffer from
any want of power in its authorities, or any lack
of rigour in its administration. These points,
perhaps, are chiefly important to Papists them-
selves, but Englishmen may do well to observe
and reflect upon the organisation of a church from
the advances of which the interests of civil and
religious liberty have at all times had so much to
fear.

THE ENGLISH MIDDLE CLASS.
(Front the Daily News of this day.)
The " middle class "—the phrase is exclusively
English, and the thing is exclusively English. The
bourgeoisie of the French, the Burgerstand of the
Germans, and the synonyms of all the other conti-
nental languages, have a much more limited mean-
ing. The English " middle class " does not express
burghers or townsmen as opposed to nobles and pea-
seants, or merchants and master-mechanics as op-
posed to nobles on the one hand, and a proletariat
on the other. The " middle class " embraces all
who do not enjoy the privileges of the peerage, and
all who are not dependent on their precarious daily
labour for their precarious daily bread. As early
as the days of Chaucer the " middle class" was
fully developed in England. The Pilgrims so gra-
phically described by Chaucer, belong, all of them,
to the middle class. The Franklin, or, as he would
be called in our days, the jolly, wealthy Squire ;
the Knight, alike trusted in the council and the
field ; the Monk, the accomplished, wealthy cler-
gyman ; the Serjeant-at-law, with his legal lore ;
not oue of them is noble any more than substantial
Burgesses, the Reeve, the Friar, or the Miller.
Superior culture and superior talent alone place
any one of them above the rest. The poor Parson
and the poor Clerk of Oxford are the equals of the
Knight, Monk, and Franklin ; the Shipman, the
Miller, and the Reeve acknowledge in them a per-
sonal superiority, but no superiority of rank.
Even in that early day the English lawyers did not
aspire to separate themselves from the rest of the.
" middle class" as a " noblesse de robe," as in
France ; the prebendal stalls and abbies were not
as in Germany, reserved exclusively for those who
could show their sixteen quarterings. The untitled
but substantial " middle class" comprehended land-
owners, merchants, master mechanics, and the
learned professions ; its members felt that they were
Englishmen, not mere members of a class or craft.
After the wars of the Roses, when the old aristo-
cracy had almost realised the fable of the Kil-
kenny cats and eaten each other up, this
" middle class" became in fact the English nation.
Under the Tudors the remnants of the old Barons
were few and almost constantly under proscription.
A new nobility was gradually called into existence
by Henry VIII. and Elizabeth, but their honours
were too new and their numbers too limited to over-
awe the powerful middle class. The English no-
bility never could bring themselves to recognise
.the
Stuarts as their superiors; and indignant at being
jostled by swarms of new-created Irish and Scotch
Peers, they fell off from the Court and identified
themselves with the landed gentry and wealthy bur-
gesses. After the accession of the House of Hanover,
the rich and powerful families which came forward
as leaders at the Revolution held the reins of Go-
vernment in the name of two successive monarchs,
who could neither speak nor understand English.
They came thus, as de facto rulers, to be more se-
parated from the " middle class" than previously.
With George 111, commenced a struggle between
the King and the great Whig Houses, in the course,
of which each alternately courted the "middle class,
but neither King nor nobles sincerely threw them-
selves upon the people.
strong, At the present moment the
intelligent,
class" of England has

THE REV. MR. DOYLE AND CARDINAL
WISEMAN.
(From the Times of this day.)
It will have been seen from our assize reports lof
yesterday that a verdict has been obtained against
Cardinal Wiseman by a priest of his own persua-
sion in an action -for libel. As the authorship iof
the libel was not denied, por any justification
pleaded, the jury had simply to consider the
amount of damages required, and these they set, at
1,000/. Into this part of the subject we shall not
enter ; but the trial produced so many incidental
illustrations of the discipline and usages of the
Romish church that it would be unwise to pass it
without notice. It is not every day that such' an
insight is obtained into the doings of this commu-
nity, and we therefore recapitulate the leading par-
ticulars of the case for the benefit of our readers.
The Rev. Mr. Boyle, the plaintiff in the action,
is au Englishman, and was educated for the Romish
church, partly in this country and partly abroad.
In 1825 he joined the order of Jesuits, and in
1833 was ordained priest. In 1846 the " Pro-
vincial Master " of the Jesuits in England
invited him to take " the last solemn vow "—a
proceeding by which, it seems, he would have placed
himself "at the disposal of the „Pope foi foreign
missions ; " or, in other words, have become
liable to be sent to any part of the world at the
Pope's discretion. If he had refused to take this
vow when formally called upon he would have
been subjected to dismissal from the society, and
this dismissal would have entailed loss of credit.
forH o wuepvoenr, ,
hhies sruepecreeesednedtinignteosetahpei.npgrtohveindciiffialcuthltayt:
,oauuldd tpaekremtiheedvotwo
ciduictotrnhme
saonodieetyd,
on
doingp. .so, he was. released from
Shortly after this he was ap-
athltehootbwlihgaltieiown
pointed
the whole number of Papists
at Islington. Here he
capable
tohi
sof o
wholding
estimate,
iear," who lived
found4,ooo pa e largersous (though church,
isibaautditsoflab,citeo:o‘rtii oos eurteselor,PlllstdooB 6. ), and an aged.v 3,o°°
wasor
r
in the parish, accorndeinst
in lodgings because he would not incur the respon-

-/

r PRICE SD.

actually lessto say in the management of affairs than
they had under Henry VIII. and Elizabeth. Henry
employed the Pagets and Greshams : Elizabeth
the Cecils, Walsinghams, Hattons, and Raleighs, all
of them originally belonging to the " middle class."
In those days the Government was in advance of
the nation ; now that our noble or courtly families
monopolise all civil appointments, the nation is in
advance of the Government. Unless the Govern-
ment revert to the policy of the Tudor era, one of
two results is inec itable : either the strength of our
administrative system must dwindle for want of
supplies of new vigorous talent, till it becomes
utterly frivolous and incompetent ; or, the " mid-
dle class "—the great body of citizens whose talent
have been developed by education or the pursuits
of practical life—must take the management of
affairs into their own hands.

Neither the real aristocracy on the one hand, nor
the proletariat on the other, have any cause to be
jealous of this assertion of the claims of the " mid-
dle class." All the younger branches of every no-
ble family belong to this class. As good—some-
times better—blood pulses in the veins of the un-
titled class as those of the wearers of coronets.
Again, with the diffusion of education and intelli-
gence, the circle of the " middle class " is con-
stantly extending. Of right the whole body of
skilled artisans are comprehended in it, nor is their
claim to be regarded as belonging to it seriously
disputed by any one. All who by steady regulated
industry achieve an independence, however mode-
rate their means—all who cultivate the talents with
which nature has endowed them, are now recog-
nised as members of tha- "middle chats:"
_Tu amert
the. claims ofthe wails:idle class" to participation in
the managenient of state affairs, is simply to advise
Government to make approved official aptitude
the sole title for eligibility to office. The highest
aristocrat, and the man sprung from the lowest
ranks, would, under such a system, have a fair
chance of employment, if they deserved it.
Such a system would enable Government to
avail itself of the full intellectual and moral
power of the nation, instead of being obliged, as it
present, to put up with the best talents that are to
be had in a very limited class. It would impart
to our administrative Government that power and
persevering energy which is at present to be found
only in our industrial and scientific walks of life.
It would render our Government national, and
worthy of the nation.