The Sun.
London, England, 1855-08-08 00:00:00

am satisfied that the great majority of this house, as
proved by the voteshave
ivtheyte manly p
cometsuit of theonnthesu tbejoeuctu,sr.re
y:
faithful represent
tette,
ed teho
telt
tt
rh; caoieufi dheen cgoi
voefn tthoisa
Thl
yo sGeo
vaenrdn
int heen
ts whoeverr t o
who, in the conduct of the great struggle
they may be,
which wo are
.themngge,
oft duties which
devolve uponto the best heir ability, and in ae-
cordance with the determined will of the people. My
noble friend has made some remarks upon the, operations
of the war and in reference to the terms of peace, but it
cannot be expected that her Majesty's Government should
enter into any explanations either upon one head or upon
the other. It would be most unfitting, and would obvi-
ously tend to defeat the policy of the country, if we were
to throw out a sketch of what we thought might be accom-
plished in the prosecution of the war, and what would be
the terms of peace upon which we thought the contest
might be terminated with safety to the country. (Hear.)
The operations of war must in their nature be dependent
upon circumstances that may arise in the prosecution of
the war, and it is unnecessary to state to any man that to
announce our intentions would be to lay the ground of de-
feat. The conditions of peace must depend upon the
circumstances under which negotiations may be begun,
and upon. the success which either party in the war
may have obtained at the moment when negotiations
are commenced.) (Hear, hear.) There is, however,
one point to which my noble friend adverted
which calls for some remark. I refer to the
opinion which he seems to have entertained that the Turk-
' ish Government had no objection to accept the Austrian
proposals, but that their opinion was overborne by a con-
trary decision upon the part of the Governments of England
and France. My noble friend must know-far better than I
Can what was the personal opinion of the Turkish represen-
tative at Vienna upon that matter. I can only say that I
have no reason whatever to believe or suppose that the
Turhisla Government differed in opinion from the Govern-
ments of England and France as to the necessity of not
accepting the proposals to which my noble friend refers.
No doubt, if the time should arrive when the Turkish Go-
vernment might imperatively think that certain conditions
were consistent with their future security, their opinion
ought to have considerable weight when .the Governments
of England and France might bo called upon to discuss the
conditions• of peace. At the same time, a remark from
the hon. member for Lambeth ought not to be lost sight of
—namely, that the objects for which the war was under-
taken were too wide and important to depend solely upon
the decision of the Turkish Government Tho war was un-
dertnken, not only for the protection of Turkey, but, as the
hon. gentleman well observed, as a means to an end. No
doubt the protection of Turkey, as a question affecting the
balance of power in Europe, was an object for which it was
the duty of the other Powers of Europe to contend ; but
beyond the protection of Turkey lies the still greater gum.-
tion of the grasping ambition of Russia--an ambition
which no man has more forcibly or more fully explained
than ma noble friend himself, and which aims at the moral
and physical subjugation of the continent of Europe, and
the extinction of those, principles.of political and commer-
cia. liberty upon which the, independent existence of the
kingdorns. of Europe must mainly depend, (Hear bear.)
Therefore. I am not prepared to say that it ought to rest
with the Goiernment of trinket, to- 'decide what are the
conditions which it would be consistent with' the future
.security.and the permanent peace of Europe to accspt, but
the. Governments of England and Franca have as great,
and perhaps a greater, interest in 'that question than
the Government .of Turkey itself. (Hear, hear.) Their
enlightened. views on questions of European policy are
more likely to be right than oven the views of tho. Turkish
Government, but there is no reason., to srippoSe that any
difference of opinion is likely to occur. (Hear, hear.) I
can only say that, up to the present moment, therehas
been, and- r trust 'that it 'tiny continue, a perfect unani-
mity and concord between. the Governments of England,
France, and Turkey. (Hear.). In mentioning the Govern-
ment of-France, I must express. my entire concurrence in
the remarks of my noble friend astto the perfect sincerity,
the corlial friendship, and the entire :unity of opinion
which preetail between the Governments,-of Englenit and
France. (Cheers.) Indeedhupon thisegreet question. the
two Governments miry behatit teforn hut one Cahinet
some of the members of which are sitting iii London aryl
in Paris 'There is a perfect unity of. opinion end a
' perfect unity of purpose, and I cannot but anticipate that
the entire union which exists between the twos countries
:must in the end accomplish the great -object for which
they ..have,.. ,united, (Hear, hear.) My noble friend has
called 'attention to the feet that hitherto we have not been
os enccessful'as we expected in t arrying into execution the
power which Parliament gave us before Christmas of . en-
tistine foreign troops for the reinforcement of the armies
Efiglend and Frenee. My noble friend has-advert ,d to
the cause of our failure in that respect, and, though I have
no desire at present to go back to former debates, I must
say that it has been rrainly owing to the unfavourable
impression which was produced upon the minds of- men
on the continent by the difficulties which were throWn in
the way of the' Foreign Enlistment Bill in its progress
through the two- Houses of Parliament that the Govern-
meat have been prevented from carrying out that measure
successfully. (Hear. hear.) We are now, however,
raising troops under the provisions of that law with
greater-ropidity than hitherto, and I trust that before
the auttann sets in we shall be able to send consider-
able reinforcements to our army in the East. (near,
hear.) With regard to the great War in which we are
engaged. I have nothing more to say, except that her
Majesty's Government feels that it is their duty to carry
on that war by all the means which Parliament has placed
at their disposal; and I trust that when Parliament meets
again the manner in which we shall be found to have per-
formed our duties will insure for us _that confidence which
Parlianeent has hitherto so. generously reposed in us. I
will now, sir, refer to the other topics to which my noble
friend has adverted. My noble friend has called the at-
tention of the'house to the state of Italy. That is, no
doubt, a very painful topic, but my noble friend has ad-
verted to one bright feature in-it—namely, the conduet'of'
the kingdom of Piedmont, and he most justly dilated upon
the a.omirable example which. has been set by the 'Kim of
Piedmont. (Cheers.) Theicourtie pursued by that king, torn
has shown ns that
_there is in Italy a people wise enough
to know the value of constitutional institutions, and how
to work them well when they have obtained them. (Near,
hear.) The present position of Piedmeht is unexampled in
the history of Europe. We have seen many countries
which, after possessing an arbitrary Government, have
suddenly obtained representative institutions, but for
years and years the want of previous pr;mtice and expe-
rience has rendered those institutions unavailing for any
practical purposes in the' promotion of rational liberty.
That has not been the case in. Piedmont. There the people
almost appear as though they.had enjoyed for centuries
the excellent institutions; which they have only recently
obtained. (Hear.) Instead of sacrificing their time in
party strife and conflict they have, exhibited the vieour
of the earlier periods of constitutional government, and
while the people have shown; ulnae the one hand. a Ivis=
slow and steadiness of purpose that will dignify them iu.
the history of Europe, upon the Otter hand they have
had the good .fortune to be ruled by a Sovereign who Pro-
perly understands and apprecietes the real power and
dignity of hie (Cheers.) . He has respected tee
' iuszlitutiene which the country has obtained, and in the
'exeltea position' in which he is placed .her ;basset an ea-
ample to hiS people which it is impossible to prate:,too
highly. -It it only natural that such, people and such Ft.
monarch should `view With* painful rinxiety the condition of
other parte of Italy, is condition as deOlorehle as rev ii
friend 'has described. (Hear) In many" pads of Italy,
and especially in the Roman States, events•have occurred
.which afford. a'.painful - contrast to what has bees parsing
in the kingdom of Sardinia. • (Hear, bear.) Foreign in
in all countries is fatal to the well-being of the
,people, but foreign iallnence maintained- by arms is still
worse thah foreign influence maintained simply by p ,lita-
aalhrtscendaney. (Ilene) ..trufertunately, ,in Italy both
have hail their offset,. (Hoar.) ,In-the kingdom of Naples
We see•the ascendancy of a foreieen political influence (for
it ie in vain to diseenise the fact that the influence of ihus-
.aia is pre iorninentin that kingdoin), and wee See also an
example of the' manner in which :the political influenah of
'Russia reigns .supreme in a country separated from the
russian empire by large tracts of land. (/leer.) Urine
more occasions than one the ,Governineet of Naples have
shown their hostility to. England and Franco by Prohibit-
ing'the exportation of articlee which their neutrality did
not warrant them hi prohibiting, and I cam sorry to aeld
'that there have been acts of craeltyanci Oppressioa re-
cently ceriemitted by that Government which reelly do not
belongto the age in which we live (Hear.) On the ether
hand, the protection which iu theßerann States is afforacel
by the French and Austrian occupation to the Govaariment
naturally, perhaps. increases the ability-of -that. Govern-
ment to commit acts which are not in accordance with the
feelings of the people of- this country; hut the house vh.ll,
r aria sure, perceive that these arc topics of greatelitliculty
delicecy. (Hear.) There cannot at the present mo-
ment be anythinghlete desirable for. the intereets,of this
country than that discussions sliordtl take place in this
house, or that any pieldatlingh-should be adopted by her
Majesty's Government, which would : 'tend_ to cost Oren
shade of cohlne.s.s over the relations existing between this
country and France on the one hand, or Austria on the
other: Without eniennginto themotivee which lea fothe
occupation of Rome, or to the effects of that oCcupetion— cue
of which; however, hasheed to insure-trenquillity—l; may
taherye that the discipline of the French troope daring
,-;heir occupation of Italy has net been impugned, but, on
the
co_ their conduct has. been most exemplary:
'Pith
W regard to the French occupation, the house is proba-
bly harate that the number of the occupyise troops, instead
of having' been increased, has been mteerially recirichdt.
The Austrian occupation of TuscanybasaltOgether ceased:
Until very 'recently Florence was occupied Van 'Austrian,
gnarl-eon, but thet eerrison has been withdrawn and the
thaivernment of Tuscnny haft been left tenet tipc4 its ;own,
resources. I know a. report-
An? 'augmented an for in Italy Laviarseebeenetnly'Ph''');na•leenettlihdetMtl.,lll3e,
, but,lBloothetobetlieve there any fount;th ion
oVerinnent ItttiVaerY'
Tier
that3l.aj4rsetypo,srto.
lhousareodfarievinedii,feeryriletteiolyn:7,ll,leph.,
it saliyi a
hs ttfetre
tc)".
pTare that althoueli a fehv
oafitiAels?Zsl°ta tlrecjie)°' only
t6l,loeoOn—ninhabletnetienrged.i.tlitei anal
replaced an equal niniber of Italian troop; to whom '
the usual:course, leave of absence for a certaintttp, rod leas,
been:given. • I believe; therefore, that the• ec
of Austrian troops in Italy has not been increasettlawfter
unable to say whether there. has been atyaugmentetiOnaof
.3benutrabor nf trovein Ancona or not; but I believe that..
the aggregate nnmlny of men under arms in, the territory
i$ ncer larger than it has beenfor some time past and •r ampersuaded any notion which may preeeih that ,Austria is
changing:her policy with regard to. the 'duke; and is pre-
pving ter thcourse of action in Italy incompatible with'
her relations' with England and Frahcat is utterly en..
founded. Whether Austria, at a futtfrettime; Prompted,
,I,Ay regard for hair own interests, may or may not find her-
sole in a COaditioll to fake the field in =junction with
England and France, of one thing I am perfectly satisfied
Lia—thht we shall not .see Aur,tria teleathe field against Eng-
ln,nd and France, and in concert with .Ttu.s.tia. My noble
l'fatiend hag said he thinks her hlnkety'S Guyernment ought
to take-hi-fi-aril:lgo of eery circumstances whiCh mity from
"time to time arise with the view 'of endeavouring—either.
through the Governments of France and Austria, or
'without -them, according' to the state of things--to ame-
liorate-the condition of that fine' couatry which he, has
20 well anti so justly described. It must be painful to every
Man to tee a great people—for I must eall the Italians a
great people—(hear)—end6wed by nature with the highest,.
nuelities.--(cheees)—capable of becoming, as they were in
tformee times, 'medal's in everything that elevates and digni-
fies°f their
te human nature, debarred by the accidentaleircumstences
political condition from puitsuing a career which
wouket el them as a great nation is the estimation of
the
ethel; It must, therefore, be the object of every Bri-
;eh* arttay urOn—as it was, upon a former Occasiori, the Oh-
,27M_lglathori. friend the member ter theUniveasity,
weighs 'neon htLouly to alleviate the pressure which now
"'cneiet, real ono raoltalians, but to open to them 'a noble
I
'Which they biro !baeanngenial with- the bielr qualities with
friers4 nen;tlicanwaxel endowed by nature. .My
existeZiodifficult it is t' 41ter a state of
ethingeeareht& has
y years ;hut I eau assure
him and the house that, herraTan
which Goternnient are ani-
mated by the same feelings
fair` and proper h he hal expreved and
thet. they will avail themselves of any.

~y ~ •'F,.• ~',
aj ~'r

„