The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1820-05-27 00:00:00

ass quantity or foreign wool-in our market, and the
ogapsourists of his motion world rely on the great I
itnnortat. or 1819, which amounted to 2.1 or V;
noilud.. to account for effect which lie
tia4 atoreil. Bat 'he believed that that great tallow-
'vows had taken plan with an expectation no the
t"." of illy imutirtrri that there would be a come,-
itgintfirte demand pu the tout of the manufacturer.
Wit what Waa the result since the imposition of the
•isity ? Lotted of the manufacturer goiog nu in that
presort-Ims condition, they saw that in every part of
-he kingdom there was a greet diminution and decay
•.f ,t. Rot it an happened, that it was only in relat•
o one district of &Wand, the West Riding of Voir k-
*hire, that official document, existed to chew the
*or of that decline. This paper proved, that
1 WOO the greatest absurdity sud madness in the
Government to attempt to raise a revenue off the
raw muterial.—(Heer, hear, hear.)—The docu-
ment was an account of the quantities of broad
Bluth milled in, the West Riding during the dif.
fereut years. lin the last, it was something' less
than seve:. millions of yards. He had looked back
to the years of greatest commercial difficulty and
distress—to 1816 and 1808; but to find a parallel
to 1819, he was obliged to go bock to 1794
(11ear, hear.)—lt was impossible that this could
be owing Puiely to the distressed state of the country,
other impaired coirlition of other branches of trade;
it woe to be attributed to the falling off of foreign
trade. With respect to foreign trade, he tutertion-
ed,,apinions, he believed, something peculiar—they
were to direct opposition to those who thought that
the more we exported, and the less we imported,
the richer we should be. They rejected the anti.
quoted notion of the balance of trade—he appre-
hended no nation could trade with another but ou
equal terms. They could not export without im-
porting at the same time. In his opinion, much
too great a stress was laid in that House on Cos-
tom-house documents; he apprehended they could
never furnish evidence contrary to persons' senses
and observation, which afforded the best criterion
whether the country was in a flourishing or a de-
caying state.—(Heor.)—The great sources of the
prosperity end weshh of this country must be trade
and commerce. lo Englimil, where the middling
classes required to be supplied with all the conve-
menet, and superfluities of life, the nation must
export manufactured goods in order to procure
them. If they would have the sugar of the West
Indies, and the tea of China, they were only to be
obtained by the exportation of the products of our
skill and industry. The merchant or the farmer
were not to imagine that these things could be got
by exporting raw produce. What countries were.
the* greatest exporters of raw produce ? Poland
wits the greatest exporter of Corn ; and would they
concert this country to the trade and the poverty of
Poland ? Would they go back from bring the
first trading and commercial notion in the world,
to hecume exporters of corn and cattle ?—(hear.)
—The natural progressims of all states from iglu)-
ranee, and barbarism, and poverty, to civilisation,
refinement, and wealth, was from the hunter's state
to pasturage, then to agriculture. manufactures,
and lastly 'to commerce; and history would thew,
that in their decline they fell back in the 01,1,0
s:re order, becoming from manufacturing and
commercial. agricultural and pastoral. %Vas this
ti.e remedy which some people would recommend
for our distresses? No ; we must cling to com-
merce—we must not only preserve, but augment
oirr capital. If he might be allowed to say so,
we could not effort to be poor: we were loaded
wolf an immense debt, which could not he sup.
parted but by en increasing capital. Ile did
not inquire whether the greater pant of the war
by which that debt had been created was just
or hot, it wasoufficient for his purpose that it exist-
ed. Now the increase of wealth consisted
princi-
p in the increased value given to the products
of the earth by the addition of human labour and
industry. The greater the industry, the greater the
wealth of a nation. Was it wipe, then, he asked.
to check the importation of those articles of natural
produce, the improvement of which formed one of
the chief channels of employment in this country,
and on which so great additional value was con-
ferred, and therefore so muds wealth crested by the
iogenuity and labour of our population ?—(//cur.)
—The value of *mil worked up into cloth was in-
creueed in • triple, or even quintuple ratio. From
• paper which contained the minutes of on exa-
mination of certain merchants before the Privy
Council lost winter, it appeared that one of the
w:tuesses stated that in the article of cloth our
trader bad an sdvantaige of 71 per cent, over the
1' much and Flemish in the Antericau market. But
it was his opinion. that the addition of 6il. per
Ironed duty oo the importation of foreign wool would
enhance the pnce of the article when completed
fee sale onesseveuteenth of that price at which it
woe supposed we had the advantage weutioned
over the French sod Flemish merchant—that was,
write, the price of the English. compered with the
barrio article, was as 92 to 100; the advance
of price caused by the additional duty would
miuke it as 97 or 98 to 100.—(Hear, hear.)—
It that were the Case. be said that we were now run-
rnag • very hazardous race indeed with the French
sod Flemish manufacturer; we were running the
risk of losing the trade. The trade which the Con-
tiiierst of Europe was cow driving on iu this respect
wok Americo, was one which bed lately grown up.
they had still to form connexions, and look fur
miler advantages which we had long enjoyed there ;
but an adherence to our presolt policy short-
ly place both on a similar luolskig. O.: the other
bend, America was a great e ortmeut, a va-t propor.
non of which still remained unoccupied and uncul-
tivated. so that at present the most natural and be.
tiefictel employment of her population would be the
iroprovetneot of the sod and agriculture. Aud Dr.
Panuftlist bad told them that they ought not to be-
come manufacturers for a century to come. He
Mated this by way of catmint, and that we might
not. hy our impolitic regulations, drive them to dis-
pause with the use of our commodities. and maim-
facture for themselves.—(Hear.)—lt was nut in
Americas alone. but in all parts of the world that we
were premed by rue compentiou of the Continental
manufacturers. He insisted on this to impress it on
Ceeirdemett that they were nut to expect that be-
ret/se Eagland had during the war enjoyed a
IlliWivOr of the trade of the worlds she could now
rem y bee oars. Such an inference would be en-
tirekunfuended. Let not Gentlemen who viewed
We ys SS a protection to agricalture, imagine that