The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser.
London, England, 1820-09-14 00:00:00

WM e."`...

of mitigation or srocltorat inn. The original source of the
evil remains then, so long on the disiaure which separates
.thent from the centre of Governmeat continues ; and no
inewotre of a political nature, however insportant,ean over-
come in•ornwoistable difficult y.
" From cireuesemotra like three the celebrated author of
the Spirit of !Ass concludes that no other kind of Govern.
tarot hat the despotic rimless preserve coalmen removed
at a great distance Goes the centre of dependance. It may
he silted by the reader, whet is She object of these observa-
tions, tied what have they lo de with the romernied tuswieety/
It in not here proposed to enter into any analysi+ of the
rumciered proposal fora peace,Whiets may, after all, tern&
oat, iu • war renewed with more ardour; the attenstiosi of
thee article is directed towards the Cores assembled at
Miele id, or at any other place is the reeistatila. may he
el'ived that a majority of the Cates may be very
toisv I y occupied in devising means In arewriniorlate the Con-
•11(.16.N1 to the situation of Booth America, and it may even
he anticipated that an offer of 'an equal reprelersdation
• for :tooth America may form • part of their remedies fur
thr evisting stela; and, in abort, that all the &feels of the
C.,,,titution 441812, in relation to Sunth America, may
be attempted to be rectified or amended in sorb a way as
ei.ey may consider such an the people. of South America
accept, as the alternative of • recurrence to arises and
f. /lather prosecution of the war.
- • ideas -

" Those ...are merely hypothetical. It will not he mi.
sfrted positively that such will be the result of the delellsera.
hone of the Gates in relation to South America. If the
members of the Curios, or a majority of them, were Clisies..
gas and Acevedo, there would be nothing to appeebendll.
the coorlosion oethis sangesinary war wobble' thea he, NW
tam, and it would be SUCTCPII,II by a definitive Weal, eft
peace,Of whirl the futolamental basis would be rho ohne.
bete inelepesideme of all South America.
" But as this certainty will nut he the case, it is :trod.
to offer an ithanawerable replication to the runs, "mos
Jeri —5 hit h will he that the central supreme ponmarawbsed
by the constitution shall be established in Soothe elatainlea s
teat tie National legislative Body shall be sumelmbled at
Panama, or any either position that may lee selected is South
Antes eca, where Ilw Executive Power also shall reside; and
that Spain shall be dependant on the authority of their coin-
touu Such is the outline of the counter pro.
:,rot. With 'brae conditions, it nay be safely presuaird, in
%iiewPation, that the people of South America would swear
!•• the (model, ss i ...
" A proof of this truth shall he presented in the ae know-
1. dpwuent. of of the greatest opponents of Smith Am.-
. we.. eidence. %'e allude to the last 'barograph in
soi ai tide contained in the Midtid Gazette* of the Bth .duly,
la lei Every liberal titan iv Spain is satisfied of the forte
kit CIOTIVIIt po'OdOriioU ; noise of them will like iU Ik,
me a liiese minced existing at the isthmus .f Dories,
e't tholes, unit at Bogota. All will at once ca.t their eyes
eel the example of Portugal, and the insignificance into
%chid, It less Pullen, since the seat of Government was trans.
leered to Brazil; and they will point out, too, the faileete
. f the attempt made by tlw noble Corespean Portuguese,
in I°l7, to become inelepentle lit of the Court of Rio (*Hein%
alith the only view to present the evil. experienced by
he .t ivies:of Portugal from the central Goverammit. Let
she S.,ani lola he just towards the South Americans, ohs,
nth., 300 years of injustice and privations, claim their rights
with the sole view to become independent awl free, and on
the constitutional Spaniards propose to be themselves. Tb
brit blood and the finest genius bad been already raceifired
ley the Mouth Americans Ise (detain that liberty and emanci-
pation, that the realiz ition of those rights will be no more_
than a jest compeowation for such sacrifices. To owing
those rigida if no other means remain, they are lire-paled am(
resolved on reviewed sacrifices. The conflict is, that event
with lircome still jobt:ficel on the part of the South
raw beanie they would throe have to produce the recent
teal pie of taw Spanish people, who had exercised only
flz same right of an ordinary enaterrectioa against arbitrary
power, by restating the despot who oppressed them. Then the
f•nowas and constancy of the South American Patriots will
be crowned with complete triumph, and the defelidera of a
elUte .1) just will obtain that iinniolikl glory which is doe
meaokind lis those whoa, ementaitcy is unshaken, and
- ro/page invincible, in a career so elorions.
" The joditiary power in the Peitinanla shall be exercised
Ibecording to the forms preseuted by the law of the Otte of oe,
tutber,. ISM for South America; America shall veer-
floe its judicial power, independent of auy interference from
TO propositions like these it is probable the Spaniards
easy raise the very ohjections which the South Americans have
ple.a le offered leg: oast the constitution because, as they
ril;lit say, the judici try mow would otherwise be
tired et a distance of 12,000 leiagivea. 'flee Spaniards cannot
aPree that they would have better motives in such a
.c than the South Americans have hail for maintaining
sit .!r eights ley arms 'since ISIO. 'then, if so, why pretend
that the Americans shoblel submit themselves In the conve-
nience of the Spaniard., who would themselves rehear to
rebout on the s; me terms to the South Americans ? Where,
stew, is the strict observance of the natural rights of man-
lkool, alike obligator/ on Spain as on South America, Re-
cut-I:ra to oar Impolite-she? Do not unto others as you
vesechl not that others should do unto you. that, then,
is to he done in such ow alt. malice ?
Suppose we place the central government at Bermuda,
or in some ether spot to the ocean equally distant irons
teeth hostelries; indeed there is no oliwo intermediate step
whirl. CAN obviate the al.surelify of two count, ire so (Pelmet
end to nneepol in extent and population, bt ing mlempted
to be governed upon ternis of equality. A. thus is the only
rteredy by which this unity could be obtained, audit ap.
pests impracticable, the extensive territosy of South
A it?riC3 can never expect to teach that state of felicity
which natute appears to have inteuded, by any other meting
than actual and unequivocal independence."
• " The following is a translation of the paragraph from
flat ,Vrelleid Gazette alluded to :
" "the epoch is not far distant when a wise policy will
jester's politicians of Future, that the dependance of South
America is not an advantage peculiar to Spain alone, but
that it raters deeply into the general interests of Euterpe,
whose arceent supremacy and preponderance over nil other
parte of the globe, will be destroyed the moment that in-
eepeuilence shall establish her temple in those reeiuns which
cetera has so bountifully and abundantly enriched. The
activity of gee spirit of iedustry and the arts will precipi•
lute them upon those more favoured conoteirs; Europe will
be ahenitatied ; and that superiority which has hitherto
justly given to Europe the claim to be the centre sit civili-
zation, will not only team, but Emory may perhaps be.
come eke: slave or the dependant subject of the New Woi lel."

OPO kw P 4 PE BS.'

OPORTO, AUGUST 28.

Some persons have thought that the great and
glorious work of our restoration was caused by the
influence of some passiou or ill•will towards the
Englivli officers in the service of l'ortugsl. end that
much to fear from the Britioh naliou, of-
fended at our proceedingi. We reply to the first
part by the following document, reserving the se-
cond for cur next paper:
'r OFFICIAL /MM.
" Rost ILLUSTRIOUS SlR—The memorable event which
reiteered to Portugal the rank among teatimes which is justly
claim•, did not permit the Provisional Junta of the &Tome
Covent:neat in a moment of such importance, and whirl.
rive:reed the moo prompt and efficacious measures, tee ex-
press to the F.,ieglish Meets filling peals in 11,e,: army beei,
muds it desires to ihew the just each welt.mrrittd considera-
tion in which it bolds their eminent services, and how happy
it watild thick itself if it jugged itself authurieed worthily to
reward them; under the Impossibility, however, of so dieing, it
frets, it to be one of its Alt duties in the carreise of the autho-
rity which is confided tu it, todesire that vete, Sc;, will declare
ILO SU the raid °arm, and to each of theta in pierticwhfir
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